Aadikal ka Hindi Jain Sahitya

Author(s): Harishankar Sharma
Publisher: Harishankar Sharma
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/010028/1

Page #1
THE FREE INDOLOGICAL COLLECTION WWW.SANSKRITDOCUMENTS.ORG/TFIC FAIR USE DECLARATION This book is sourced from another online repository and provided to you at this site under the TFIC collection. It is provided under commonly held Fair Use guidelines for individual educational or research use. We believe that the book is in the public domain and public dissemination was the intent of the original repository. We applaud and support their work wholeheartedly and only provide this version of this book at this site to make it available to even more readers. We believe that cataloging plays a big part in finding valuable books and try to facilitate that, through our TFIC group efforts. In some cases, the original sources are no longer online or are very hard to access, or marked up in or provided in Indian languages, rather than the more widely used English language. TFIC tries to address these needs too. Our intent is to aid all these repositories and digitization projects and is in no way to undercut them. For more information about our mission and our fair use guidelines, please visit our website. Note that we provide this book and others because, to the best of our knowledge, they are in the public domain, in our jurisdiction. However, before downloading and using it, you must verify that it is legal for you, in your jurisdiction, to access and use this copy of the book. Please do not download this book in error. We may not be held responsible for any copyright or other legal violations. Placing this notice in the front of every book, serves to both alert you, and to relieve us of any responsibility. If you are the intellectual property owner of this or any other book in our collection, please email us, if you have any objections to how we present or provide this book here, or to our providing this book at all. We shall work with you immediately. -The TFIC Team.

Page #2
AdikAla kA hindI jaina sAhitya [ san 650 - 1450 I0 ] harizaMkara zarmA 'harIza'

Page #3
AdikAla kA hindI jaina sAhitya [ san 650--1450 I. ] harizaMkara zarmA 'harIza * risarca skAlara, hindI vibhAga ilAhAbAda yUnivarsiTI, / zodha nirdezaka: DaoN. mAtAprasAda gupta ema0 e0, DI0 liTa0, rIDara, hindI vibhAga ilAhAbAda yUnivarsiTI /

Page #4
| AbhAra | ilAhAbAda yUnivarsiTI ke hindI vibhAga meM snAtakottara zikSA grahaNa karate hue hindI sAhitya kA itihAsa kaI bAra par3hanA pdd'aa| isa adhyayana meM AdikAla ke saMbaMdha meM kaI bAra nirAzA isa lie huI ki hinda sAhitya ke AdikAla athavA zuklajI ke zabdoM meM vIragAthA kAla ke sAtha nyAya nahIM kiyA gyaa| ataH yaha dhAraNA dRDha hotI gaI ki jisa vIragA kAla ke pUrva apabhraMza sAhitya kI sampannatA vividha kAvya rUpoM aura parampa ke rUpa meM itanI adhika sakSama rahI ho, usI sAhitya kA paravartIkAla itanA adhika daridra nahIM ho sktaa| yaha nirAzA isalie aura bhI huI ki kla dvArA jina bAraha vIragAthA kAlIna racanAoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA thA unako vibhinna vidvAnoM ne prAmANika siddha kara diyaa| bahuta sambhava hai ki svayaM zukla jI ko bhI inakI prAmANikatA meM sandeha rahA ho, parantu kI tatkAlIna paristhitiyoM meM isa saMdigdha sAmagrI kA Akalana karane ke a aura koI mArga bhI nahIM thaa| zuklajI ne apanI vivazatA ko svataH ina maiM prakaTa kiyA hai-" isI saMdigdha sAmagrI ko lekara jo thor3A bahuta vicAra hotA hai usI para hameM santoSa karanA par3atA hai| idhara vIragAthA se itara sAmagrI ke sAtha zuklajI kA samajhautA na makA aura unhoMne bahuta sI sAmagrI ko dharma nirupaNa karane vAlI aura sAmpradAyika kahakara haTA diyA, evaM unakI pravRttiyoM para vicAra nahIM vi unake zabdoM meM siddhoM, nAtha, kyA jaina kaviyoM kI upekSA spaSTa vyakta hai kyoMki lagA ki unakI racanAoM kA jIvana kI svAbhAvika saraNiyoM, anubhUtiyoM aura davAoM se koI sambandha nahIM hai, ve sAmpradAyika zikSA mAtra hai, mataH udUdha sAhitya kI koTi meM nahIM A sktii| una racanAoM

Page #5
kI paramparA ko hama kAvya yA sAhitya kI koI dhArA nahIM kaha sakate DA0 pRthvInAtha kamala kulazreSTha ne apane zodha prabandha "hindI premAkha kAvya meM AdikAla ko andhakAra kAla likhaa| idhara zuklajI dvArA uli anthoM meM se lagabhaga sabhI aprAmANika aura usa kAla se pare ke siddha ho cuke the| DA0 rAmakumAra varmA ne apane itihAsa meM likhA hai ki-"Aja taka sAmagrI ke sahAre rAmroM ko pramANika grantha kahanA itihAsa aura sAhitya AdarzoM kI upekSA karanI hai- inhIM saMkalpoM vikalpoM se mana meM AdikA kI aprApya sAmagrI kI zodha karane kI preraNA nirantara gaharI hotI gaI a yaha abhAva prANI meM eka TIbI pyAsa banakara samA gyaa| mahApaMDita rAhula sAMkRtyAyana ne apapresa ke sAhitya ko purAnI nAma diyA isase sAhasa meM vRddhi huI aura anta meM DA0 hajArI prasAda di ke prantha "hindI sAhitya kA AdikAla meM ullisita ina vicAroM nesama pramoM kA nirAkaraNa kara hI diyArthI upadeza viSayaka una racanAoM ko jinameM kevala sUkhA dharmopadeza mAtra likhA gayA hai, sAhityika vivecanA ke yogya na sapanA ucita hI hai, parantu yahAM jisa sAmagrI kI bacI kI gaI hai, unameM kaI racanAeM aisI hai jo dhArmika to hai parantu unameM sAhityika sarasatA banAye rakhane kA pUrA prayAsa hai| dharma vahI kavi ko kevala preraNA de rahA hai jisa sAhitya meM kevala dhArmika upadeza ho usase vaha sAhitya nizcita rUpa se hai jisameM dharma pAvanA preraka zakti ke rUpa meM kAma kara rahI ho aura sAtha I Tro hamArI sAmAnya manuSyatA ko Andolita, gati aura prabhAvita kara ho / isa dRSTi se apa kI kaI racanA, jo mUlata: jaina dharma pAvanA se pre hokara lihI gaI hai, nissadaiha uttama kAvya hai| --- idhara jaina apatra vi kAvyoM kI jo vipula sAmagrI upalabdha huI hai vaha sirpha dhArmika sampradAya muhara lagane mAtra se alaga kara dI jAne yogya nahIM hai| svayaMpU, turmukha puSpa

Page #6
aura dhanapAla jaise kavi vala jaina hone ke kAraNa hI kAvya kSetra se bAhara nahIM cale gte| dhArmika sAhitya hone mAtra se koI racanA sAhityika koTi se alaga nahIM kI jA sktii|-- sammAna ke sAhitya kI pradhAna preraNA dharma sAdhanA hI rahI hai| jo pI pusto bhAga saMyoga aura saubhAgaya me bacI raha gaI hai, unake surakSita rAne kA kAraNa pradhAna sapane dharma yudhi hI rahI hai| isa prakAra mere vicAra se sabhI dhArmika pustakoM ko sAhitya ke itihAsa meM tyAgya hI nahIM mAnanA gahie. (hindI sAhitya kA AdikAla ... / inhIM dinoM sAhitya ke prasiddha vidvAna zrI agaranda nATA aura DA* pIrAlAla jaina ke vIragAAgala kI kRtiyoM tathA prAcIna sAhitya samdhI adhyayana karane kA saupANya milaa| inhone AdikAla kI jainadhArA para zeSa karane kI mora aura bhI adhika prerita kyiaa| naI Aza, naI umaMga, itihAsakAroM ke pandhoM ke bArA utpanna pratimiyA kI pUrti aura aneka ramanAoM kI upalavipakI bhAgane mAdikAla kA hindI na sAhitya viSaya para kAma karane ke lie bAdhya kiyaa| adheya gumbara DA. dhIrendra varmA ne bhAdaranIya DA. mAvA pramAda gupta nina meM muphe yaha kAma gapA aura donoM bAdezoM ko kArya prastuta karane kA protsAhana jaina sAhitya aura rAjasthAna praSiddha zeSa bir3avAna zrI kAraNamya nATA izArA milaa| pUrva manogoma kArya meM juTa gyaa| ka kaThinAiyoM, pArivArika tanoM evaM dhArSika vibhIkiyoM ke bIca isa ghyara kA prArambha navambara san 1959 me hmaa| viSaya kI sAmagrI ke panIra kA bhabase kA pragma sApane vaayaa| isalivia PoN kI prApti, sArI kI doSa tathA pratiyoM ke vyayana ke mahatvapUrNa pra kiTova ma. mAga prasAda gupta sadaiva preraNA-mUlaka mAra aura nimna dete hai| sapA vividha sampradAge pIra bIkAnera, delavAr3A, bApIra, pATana, mAgavAvAda, kodA, dillI, amera, jayapura, meraTha, kI Adi vibhinna nakAroM kI titiyoM kI prApti aura

Page #7
unakA vizleSaNa kaThina hI nahIM bAta hara dussAdhya bhI thaa| idhara AdikAla kA 5. vargA kA itanA vizAla parisara aura usakA samApana sapI kArya eka se eka bar3hakara kaThina ra maTa sAdhya the| parantu ina viSayoM meM pradheya Aram nASTA vyA. namukhavAsa,gAvaThI kI sAdhAraNa sahAyatA se hI bAra yA prakaraNa prakra upa vidvAnoM ke hAtha meM pahuMca sakA hai| nAsTAgI ne mujhe lipiyoM kA ambAna karAyA, vibhinna paMDAroM pratiyA maMgavAI,pratiyoM kI phoTo kApiyA, navAI, kaI pratilipiyA karavAI, apane samIpa rakSA,aura isa kArya kI pUrNAhuti karAI hai| jayapura aura bhAmera ke samasta sAroM kI racanAoM se mulabha karane kI AvasthA paM. namubadAsa gAvatI ne kii| pratyeva nATAlI evaM paMDita jI kA mArIvAda na hotA to yA kArya itanA ho pAnA asaMbhava thaa| parva donoM vidvAnoM kA cira ritI / prastuta prabandha meM lagA gvAdhika pramAziva banAnoM kI - likhita pratiyoM kA upayoga kiyA gayA hai| 50 varSoM ke isa kAla upala 10 se adhika ranAmoM kA samAhArakaranA mere lie isa loTe se prasva meM piIpI prakAra anya nahIM thA unameM se pranthoM kA hI AdhAra prAna kyiA gamA ramAnoM kI vistRta nAmAkI pariziSTa meM de dI gii| ina sa, ritA tathA prAriyAM bhI / kRtiyAM ivane adhika kAmyA pravAna sI, ki inameM se pratyeka saba ma para svayama eka eka hoSa prabandha viA gA sakatA hai|nek ramAI gujarAtI lipi meM prkaashit| parantu vAsthava purAnI hindI kI gujarAta aura rAjasthAna ke aneka jaina mahAroM ke upAya na ramAnoM ko sAmpradAmikatA aura prAdezika bhAvanA se mukta karanA pIpA kI sAdI donoM pradezoM kI pApAya pakamavA spaSTa ho| punAvAda milate hai isalie paristhitiyoM kI yA kAlimAnI bhajana prakAralatI gii| purAnI dIma (PR ) prAcIna rAvasthAnI bAlI gujarAtI vINa basa saTa karane kI aura yI prathA

Page #8
rAjamAnI vidvAnoM kI kRtiyoM meM paryApta sahA tA milI hai| ina RtiyoM meM gujarAtI bhAsa no saMkSipta itihAsa, gujarAtI bhASA nI ukAsti, pApA kaviyo, nasAhilA nA svamo, aitihAsika jaima kAvya saMcava, aitihAsika jaina gavya saMgraha, jaina gurjara kakiyo bhAga 1, 2, . pra hai| patra meM unake lekhakA aura mampAdako prati apanA vinamna prApAra mata karatA hai| sAla kI baDodA, pATaNa, kalAratA, meraTha, vahIta, dillI, jApura, salamera, bIkAnera aura paMjAba ke jaina ana mahAroM se bhI pu hastalikSita pratiyAM athavA unakI pratilipiyA~ prApta huI hai usake liya unake abasthApakoM kA diya se bhagavAda karatA hai| inakI pA ke niA itane vizAla sAhitya kA Akalana bilakula asambhava thaa|in DAroM kI sUcI pariziSTa de dI gaI hai| pratiyoM ke citroM kI sArI vyavasthA apanA na pradhAlaya, bIkAnera saMcAlaka zrI agaravanda nATA,yapura tathA mAmera pamhAro rakSaka zrI na subhadAsa nyAyatI evaM vyavasthApaka zrI mAya kAsalIvAla ne kii| dasavIM tApI ke zilAle isTAmpena DA. mobIna * kA T* harikatama pAyAbhI maukya se prApta ggaa| isake lie| punaH ina vibAma panoM kA mApArI hai| Aiyeya DA0 mA prasAda gupta vikya ko prakaTa karane ke lie eka hAnika dRSTi pradAna kI hai, vahI isa grantha meM ro| ma nirdana sthA nAtvIyatA lie nyavAda sirpha aupacArikatA pAtra hogI kyoMki hI merI preraNA ke asAdhAraNa strota se| sodhamilogoM ne bArSika sahAyatA karake mere avadha patha ko prAsa miAtha nage hArdika nyabAda hai| ho aura madhyama ke samaya meM protsAhana aura preraNA dene vAle vidvAnoM ne pradAna gumara DA. dhIrendravI, . pArI prazAda divedI ga. rAmakumAra varmA, sabhI niti visAjI, avadhayAkImatI) lA mI

Page #9
puSI nA, ema050, pra kIya sambandhI hoNge| karane, pUriyA gAra karane kA vivaraNoM kI tulanA karane kI mAtA bhI unamA mAtArI bhI mAra dene svAba denA bAniyoga prakako TApa rasa prastuta bhAyA bhI nA pripAThI ne mana kI TA, bAyarana pUSTha mI spA madha milie unakA parama mApArI hai| isake bAda do va prasanu prakana minA pI mIcIna hogaa| prabako tIna bhAgo vira ki yama pAma viSaya praveza, hindI sAhitya prAdikAla yuga samApa, pramukha miNa yA unamA prabhAra ra pratipAna, apanA sAhitya yA hindI mAkA nAyaka para mamA nimeM dii| mAvilIna mAnimirI gii| zivIra bhAga mAdikAla dI jaina sAhitya kA adhyayana vidhinAyA naya vivAra bhimA gayA / ma tI umI vibhinna paraMparAoM pika vimA vidyApa una gAne gAtI ramAnoM kA pAvara hA sambandhI vAma prastuta kiyA ga yA athavA tIna mAma maulika papyAgoM kA prapana mAdhikAlIna hindI sAhityamA paramparA aura bA siratmAvikAlIna hindI zAmiva aura umA myAna pArasa adhyAgI dunTiomIra vinomAliyAkImala kiyA gayA aura spaSTIkaraNa lipa sthAna sthAna para pArana die gae hai| inameM neka ramA madayA. bAgiparalA, nAga, dRSTiyoM se bhI yogI niya garapAbIna pariziSTa die ge| li prathama pariziSTa prAyoroM thA usakI sipi sampanI pAra jinomAnavina pipa gIta - DAro prAyamoM M

Page #10
citra die gae haiN| ina trioM se niyoM kI lisAvaTa vyA hipi sambandhI voDa-maroka, bhAroM kI banAvaTa, mAgAI gAdi bAtoM kA spaSTIkaraNa ho pAtA hai| ina pratiyoM para bhI sAtha hI sA diyA gayA hai| dUsare aura bIsare paricitoM meM tatkAlIna pra tivia prakAzita prati jaina aura pratiyoM kI sUrI yA saMdarbha panboM kI nAmAvalI yA dele vibhinna kAroM kI sUcI dI gaI hai| mAja jabaki / andha samApta prAyaH hai, yaha jAnakara atyanta ho rahA hai ki bAbI duvArA kI gaI sA-pradAyika, korI pArmika aura upadeza pradhAna ramAyo mI hindI sAhitya kI aneka aisI kRtiyA upatA jinakA pyAra kara bAdikAla kI sampannatA para doSa hogA hai| prastuta pra mAdikAla ndiI sAhitya ke sambandhI eka se mabhAva kI pUrti hogI, aisI Aza hai| rina mI parIkSA) - - sA, gana pa. nira25jana 15 - -

Page #11
prathama bhAga 1 viSaya sUcI adhyA -. viSaya praveza: hidI sAhitya ke AkiAla kA adhyayana, saMkrAntikAla, racanAmoM kI prApti meM bAdhAeM, navopalavdha racanAoM para vivAra- AdikAla kI sampannatA, lokabhASAoM kA mAvikAta se sambandha-vivemma kuga kA nAmakaraNa (4) vINApAgala: zukla jI kA AdhAra- thA apabhraMza aura dezI bhASA meM prApta zukla jI dvArA kI gaI vINAvAtmaka racanAmoM kI prAmANikatA aura aprAmANikatA para vivAra- ina racanAmoM kI aprAmApikatA-akla jI kI kucha asamAtiyAMdharmanimpaNa karane vAlI mAmagrI ke prati ulka jI kI upekSA-unake itihAsa kA pAtva- nirgaH (mA) bArakAla:- ga. vI ke cAramakAta kI kucha asaMgatiyA aura una para vigAra- nimvarga (i) piya gAsakAla maura usa para vicAra- niSkarSa (AvikAta:- vicAra aura vivena-mAvikAla para ga. vivedI jI mahatvapUrNa vigAra bAlokoM kA mA bhinma-nirva (0 tara apazakAla, bAviSIva kAsa vA prArambhika kAla- isakI mAlAnoM para vigAra, mAvikAta kI sImAeM:, hindI se tAtparya diI kI nIpArSa- bhaugolika kyA aitihAsaka apaca bhASA kA vartamAna pApAyoM gvAlviyoga, vibhinna vidvAnoM ke vargIkarama; sthiI kI utpattiA usakI sImAoM kA prArambha yI vAdImAdikAla sammakA sambandhI aba taka kAryamA pani paricaya aura vivecana-prAcIna pUrvara

Page #12
kAvya saMgraha- jaina gurjara kaviyo bhAga 1, 2, 3, ApA kaviyo- prAcIna gujarAtI gadga pradarbha- kavi varita bhAga 1-2: gujarAtI sAhitya nA svarUpoM gujarAtI bhASA nI uttarAnti- gurjara rAsAvalI. prAdhAvalI, aitihAsika caina kAvya graha- aitihAsika baina kAya saMcaya- jaina sAhitya aura itihAsahindI naina sAhitya kA itihAsa- purAnI hindI- hidI kAvyadhArA hindI sAhitya kA itihAsa mA F. itihAsa sambandhI pranya hinda sAhitya kA AdikAla- rAjadhAnI bhAkA, purAnI rAjasthAnI, rAjamAnI pApA aura sAhitya, prazamita saMgraha- prAcIna kAya saMpraha- apAMza mAhitya- prAkRta zapabhraMza mAditya aura usakA hindI sAhitya para prabhAvahindI chaina sAhitya kA saMkSipta itihAsa- hindI jaina sAhitya parizIlana bhAga .. 2 hindI ke vikAsa meM apabhraMza kA yoga- sUra pUrva aba bhASA aura rasakA sA tisya bhI proTelaNakara,zrI bhagaracanda nAhaTA thA DAhIrAlAla jaina ke sphuTa lemA prastuta prabandha kA adhyayana aura usakI mauliktA pichale adhyayana se usakI viziSTa tA. gurAnI hindI kI rasnApa-purAnI hindI kA artha- purAne pramoM kA nirAkarama-vividha kAvyarUpa-prAmANika iskhalimita pratiyA-naI sthApanA vaijJAnika vargIkaraNa vala jaina kRriyA. korApArSika evaM upave prazAna sAhitya hI nahIM-auna kRtiyAM-kathA paraMparASa- dezI baloka sAhitya kA adhyayana prAcInatama gavya racanAeM apAMca sAhitya kA hindI vikAsa meM moga-AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya kI pramukha evaM gauSa kAvya paraMparAeM-yugIna paristhitiyAM mAra jaina siddhAntoM kA paricaya-vividha dRSTiko bhUtvAkA-praloka jatAbdI ke pratyeka varaNa kI pratinidhi- sAhityika aura loka bhASA kAvya-racanAoM kI aitihAsikatA. rasarAmazA- rAjyApita rahita janatA kA sAhitya prastuta gandha kI samAna aura sAhitya ko na mAhityika AlocanA- pAbA kA adhyayana- kRtiyoM kA pATha smmaan| ( 1-55 /

Page #13
adhyAya - 3 hindI sAhitya ke adikAla kA yuga aura samAja: cauhAna yuga aura sAhitya- sAhitya aura samAja-yugIna paristhitiyAMrAjanaitika dhArmika- sAMskRtika tathA sAhitya paristhitiyAM- rAjanaitika paristhitiyaM rAjavaMza yuga- aura islAma yuga; rAjavaMza yuga- pausarI yaMtravardhanavaMza- bAyudha vaMza- rASTrakUTa vaMza- pAlavaMzaH naye vaMza- gAiDavAra kalacurI vaMza candela vaMza paramAra yaMtra gujarAta ke solaMkI niSkarSa: islAma yuga- turkoM ke AkramaNa aura rAjapUta vaMtra madhyadeza aura turkI ke saM0 1500 taka AkramaNa, rAjasthAna kA AkramaNa kA sAmAna rAjanaitika saMkrAntika madhyadeva rAjasthAna gujarAta Adi kI sthitidhArmika paristhitiyAM- baudha dharma, jainadharma, brAhamaNa dharma, islAma dharma, bauddha dharma- cAra Arya satya -bAraha prakAra ke pratItya- samutpAda hInayAna mahAyAna zAkhAoM kA rUpa- bauddha dharma kA parAbhava kAla- jaina dharma- usake pramukha tIrthaMkara mahAvIra se jaina dharma kA prabhAva- jainiyoM kI sAhityika sevA - - rAjapUta vaMza vaiyada lodI maMtra ); - vaizya bhASA kA prayoga- dArzanika siddhAntoM kA prayoga- mahAkAvya- saMta kAvya koza kAvya- kathA kAvya brAhmaNa dharma- rAjAoM dvArA prAya - kA madolana caiva sampradAya- brAhmaNa dharma ke mUla tatva- brAhRmaNa dharma kA hindU dharma- paravartI vibhinna sampradAya-islAma dharma aura usakA prabhAva- sAmAjika BET Arthika paristhiti jAti vyavasthA- sAta- dAsa dAsI- vivAha AbhUSaNa- jJAna-pAna- dhanika jubA tathA vaizyA prathA- yuddha- janasAdhAraNaArthika sthiti vyApAra maMdiroM meM dhana kA saMgraha- prabhAva- sAMskRtika - citrakalA-saMgIta - saMskRti kA sAmAjika svarUpa- sAhityika paristhitiyAM paramparAya sAhitya- apana sAhitya-sAtha sAhityaivara sAhitya- ni ( pR0 | 51/66

Page #14
jaina dharma ke pramukha siddhAnta kyA unakA pracAra aura pratipAla: ___jaina dharma kA udbhava aura vikAsa- ArambhakAla- jainadharma ko rAjyAzraya bihAra meM jaina dharma- ur3IsA meM jaina dharma- baMgAla meM jaina dharma- rAjasthAna meN| jaina dharma- gujarAta meM jainadharma- dakSiNa bhArata meM jaina dharma- aura daviSa ke vaMze kA jaina dharma kI pragati meM yoga- sAhitya pragati nimbaI- zvetAmbara- digambara. yApanIya sampradAya- astitva - yApanIya sampradAya kI upAsanA aura usakA svarUpa- yAphnIya sampradAya kA sAhitya- Adi kAlIna hindI jaina kRtiyoM meM prayukta jaina dharma ke vividha dAnika siddhAnta aura unakA paricaya- saMsAranauvatva - ATha karma - samyaka jJAna - samyak caritra aura samyaktva- bAraha vra sarakatva * AdhyAtmika bhAvanA -paTakarma . niyativAda vAya- anekAnDa athvaa| syAdavAda - viziSTa tatva - ahiMsA - iti - jaina dharma aura adha dharma ke darzana kA sAmya asAya. kucha pramukha jaina kRtiyoM dvArA praNIta dhArmika evaM dAnika siddhAnta- pramukha kRtiyAM- jinadatta pUri stuti-bharanezvara bAhubalI rAma- bannabAlArAma neminAtha catumpAdikA- pethar3a tathA samarArAma neminAtha kyA kabhanna kAgu- mANado- prayumna carita- tribhuvana dIpaka prabandhajinomA mari vivAho- arkana peTha zIla prabandha- gava mukhamAla rAma-cihaMgati caupaI- vikSyAkliAsa pavAko aura paMca pAnDava carita masa- inaravanAoM kI prApabArA dharma- nirva- you- 137 ) apAra kA baina sAhitya : apAMca sAhitya kI sampannatA; apamaMtra sAhityakA vargIkaraNa- prArambhika kAla (50. I0.8... + svarNakAla (san 800 6.10. I.ka) prArambhika kAla- Apa saba kA si-vikiya vimAnoM ke apAMca

Page #15
sambandhI vibhinna matoM kA ullekha prArambhika kAla ke sAhitya kA mahatva aMzikaH svarNakAlaH vivecana : kAvyagranthoM kA vargIkaraNa prabandhaH muktaka: prabandha- purANa, mahApurANa cariu kAvya, rupaka kAvya, kathAtmaka grantha saMdhikAvya- rAsa Adi muktakakAvya- gIva-stotra-stavana- pada tathA upadeza pradhAna sphuTa racanAeM ina racanAoM kI pramukha vizeSatAeM aura una para vivecana (1) racanAoM kI aitihAsikatA aura usakA paricaya- saMskRta se 3 usakA tulanAtmaka anyayana (2) prabaMdhAtmakatA kramika vikAsa tathA tulanAtmaka vivecanaH ghaTanA vinyAsa varNanakrama, kathA kAvya rUpa, vaividhya, kautUhala tathA pravAha ke rUpa meM apabhraMza kAvyoM para vicAra vividha racanAye; kalA pakSa bhavi pakSa aura usake viziSTha tatvaH kAvyarUpaH laukika prabandha tathA upadeza pradhAna rakhanA- AdhyAtmika tathA stotrastavana sambandhI racanAeM: bauddha siddhoM kI apapreranAeM ina kRtiyoM meM dharma prANadhArA ke rUpa meM vidyamAna honA- prabandha kAvyoM ko vilpa jayavidhi tatva aura unakA paricayaH rasavidhAna niSkarSa-1 ( pR0 128 - 136 adhyAya - 5 hindI ke vAdikAla kA jainaitara (laukika) sAhitya) laukika kAvya:- dhArmika dRSTikoNa se rahita: vratkAlIna prApta jainevara sAhitya kA vargIkaraNa (1) (2) tara (laukika) gadya svArtha (1) laukika kAvya aura unakA vizleSaNa (1) zilAleDa (2) sAulI (3) ramala da (4) kA prabandhaH kAvyAtmaka vizleSaNa (5) vasaMta vilAsa phAgu aura usakA paricaya (6) savayavatva carita: eka paricaya (7) harida burAma (8) rukmaNI gaMmataH eka adhyayana (9) DholA mAru rA dohA(10) acaladAsa bIjI rI vacanikA : eka vizleSaNa (kramaza:)

Page #16
(2) jainetara(laukika) gairA racanA:pRSTha bhUmiH hindI sAhitya ke gaTya kI paraMparA, saMskRta prAkRta * pAlI kyA apaja kI hindI kRtigoM meM hindI gadya ke udabhava ke aMkura, buvalayamAlA. purAnI kosalI kA grantha ukti vyakti prakaraNa aura usake udgharapaH 11vIM tAbdI ke rAvala samara siMha aura mahArAja pRthvI siMhake do prasiddha dAnapatra aura unakA gadma; gorakhanAtha ke gayA- dRSyoga ke prantha meM gadyaanya kRtiyAM aura unakA hindI gadya kI paraMparA ke vikAsa meM gogaanetara gaya kRtiyA ...iiN utAbdI se 15vIM zatAbdI taka upalabdha, ajaina kRtiyoM kA gadya paraMparA ko puSTa karane meM mahatvapUrNa yogadAnapAlavI pAvA kA zilAlekha aura usakA vizleSaNa: maithilI kA varSa ratnAkara aura usake gaddha avatarama pamanAnakRta rAjasthAnI mahAkAvya kAnhar3a de prabandha aura usakA gaTya : eka vivecana : acala dAsIcI rI baca nikAacala dApa nIcIrIbAga- ina kRtiyoM kA vistava vizleSaNa- niSkarSa / (pR.140 - 217 // - divatIya bhAga badhyAya AdikAsamandiI jaina sAhitya(1) ma kaavy-prmpraaeN| "nyanyAyamAna mAjhiAlInahindI kena sAhitya ke svama kA vaividhya. usake svarUpa ke liAna ke prAcAra- pramukha paraMparA-1) pramukha kAvya paraMparA) gauSakAvya paraMparA (3) bana gaya paraMparAeM (4) madya kAvya paramparA (1) pramukha gAya paramparAe:- prApta kAvyoM meM ekA kAvyoM kI prakSiA parita kAvyoM kA vikAsa kAvya, mArikApa na kRtiyoM kA vIra da pradhAna yA niyamAna kAbaramake adhyayana ke AdhAra;

Page #17
7 (a) rAsa (ba) phAgu (sa) catuSpadI (da) carcarI (ka) prabandha (ba) carita (ga) vivAhalo (gha) sandhi (ka) pavAr3I (ca) kakka mAtRkA (2) gauSakAvya paramparAeM - gauNakAvya paramparA -prabandhAtmakatA, ghaTanA kautUhala tathA vastuzilpainameM pradhAna kAvyarUpa hai- dohA chaMda, chappaya, rehuA, gAthA: viSayapradhAna kAvya spa- mahAtmya, ghora, paTTAhI bArahamAsA, talaharA sambodha, saMvAda Adi; (3) stavana kAvya paraMparAe~H stavana kAvya rUpoM meM pramukha rUpa hai-utsAha, gIta, stotra, stavana, bolikA, stuti vInaMtI, kalaza, namaskAra, prazasti, saphAya Adi (5) gadya paraMparAeM jainagaiya paramparA usake vividha spa vibhAjana kAlakrama se kRtiyoM kA vargIkaraNa tathA vizleSaNa- niSkarSa: (1) pramukha kAvya paramparAeM- (a) rAma kAvyAsoM kA adhyayana- rAkha paramparA kI prAcInatA- bharata ke nATya zAstra meM rAba+ mAsa ke nATaka- sarasvatI kaMsamaraNa- purANoM meM rAma bANabhaTTa kAma sUtra abhinavagupta zrImadbhAgava vAgabhaTTa ke anusAra rAsa kA zilpa-nikarma - azlIla rAkSaka padAni aura usa para vicAra- saMskRta kAla ke pazcAtU rAsa- rAjasthAna meM rAla kA rUpa saMskRta kAloM ke rAsa- ripudAraNa rAma kI prAcInatA - apabhraMza ke rAma kAlAntara meM rAma krIr3A- rAma ke vividha tatva- 10vI 12vIM tAbdI taka rAma kI sthiti-hendra kI rAsa sambandhI mAnyatAeM- mama uddhata aura nivAsa mora- rAsaka kA antara :- 11vIM zatAbdI taka nRtya gAna aura abhinaya kI rAma kI viSaya vastu thI 1vIM zatAbdI meM rAsa viSayaka vastu meM parivartanacarI gItiyoM kA samAveza- kathA tatvakA samAveza- carita saMkIrtana kA samA rAsA baMdha vIM se zAdI karA sAhitya ke kil usakI pramukha pravRttiyoM aura vizeSatAoM evaM usake vikAsa kI kar3iyoM kA vibhinna dRSTiyoM se adhyayana-saMgIta va nRtyakalA ke rUpa meM-chandoM kI dRSTi se - viSaya kI dRSTi se sAhityika kyoM kI dRSTi se tathA varga kI dRSTi - ina vibhinna dRSTiyoM se rAma kA viSama niSka

Page #18
rAsa kI zilpa yojanA- vartamAna kAla meM rAma kI sthiti-vibhinna prAdezika nRtyoM meM rAsa- rAsaka ke tatva- rAjasthAna braja aura gujarAta meM vividha nRtyoM meM rAma ke vAstavika tatva rAkhoM ke paravartI artha- niSkarSa va 9vIM zatAbdI ke rAmra- bharatezvara bAhubalI rAsa aura usakA adhyayanakRti ke nAma samaya Adi sambandhI pUrvavartI vivAnoM ke vicAra+ kathA kaTTi aura bharatezvara bAhubalI para viracita sAhitya kathA bhAga- nATakIya saMlApa- vividha varNana- anUThI uktiyAM- bhASA vicAra- rasa vyaMjanA- alaMkAra unake vividha uddharaNa- maMda yojanA- tribhinna prayukta chanda -caMdanabAlA rAma aura usakA adhyayana jIvadanA rAsa- kathA kI kAruNyatA- sthUlabhadra rAsa aura usakA paricaya, revantagiri rAsa- neminAtha rAsa- 14vIM 15vIM zatAbdI ke rAsa- gayasukumAla rAsa, kacchUlI rAma- samarArAsa- mayaNaredvArAsa zrI jinapadamabhUri paTTAbhiSeka rAsa kumAra pAla rAsa-paM pAnDava barita rAhugautama rAma kalikAla rAsa- solahakAraNa rAsa- ina rAmroM kA vistata sAhityika vizleSaNa niSkarSa- (ba) phAgakAvyaH phAgu kAvyoM kA vizleSaNamAnava kI ullApradhAna anubhUtiyoM kA pratyeka ritu se sambandha- phAgu kAvya paramparA aura usakA bhavyayana saMskRta kAvyoM vaikAga, ratnAvalI nATaka meM phAgu-vidvAnoM dvArA kAgu kI vibhinna paribhAvArtha- vividha AdikAlIna phAguoM ke udAharaNa- phAgu kAvyoM kI sAmAnya pravRttiyAM kA kAvyoM kA bhAnika svarUpa aura Dapha ke gItoM meM usake tatva phAgu kAvyoM kI viziSTa lI prAsAtmaka kucha mAnyatAeM aura unapara vicAra- kA baMdha vanAoM kAmaviSya parva niSkarka- vIM zatAbdI ke phAgoM kA sAhityika mUlyAMkanadUri kAya- naikina phAgu sthUlabhadra phAgu- neminAtha phAgu- niSkarSa15vIM zatAbdI ke kAma aura unakA vizleSaNa- meminAtha kAgu-neminAtha kA (prathama, divasIya ) - rAvaNa pArzvanAtha phAgu-jambUsvAmI kA jIrApAlI pArzva nAtha- gosteen trca pAnDava kAgu-paradezvara vartI kAma-vasaMta phAyu

Page #19
9 neminAtha phAgu - devaratna sUri phAga-raMgasAgara nemi phAga-nArI nirAsa phAgusuraMgAdhipa nemiphAga- niSkarSa- (kha) cara paI saMjJaka racanAeM aura unakA anuzIlana- neminAtha caupai- neminAtha vRtta para upalabdha grantha- tha kA racanAkAla kathA - upas saMjJaka racanAoM kI paramparA- pUrva pracalita matoM para vicAraneminAtha catuSpadikA eka bArahamAsA kAvya-nArahamAsA aura usakI paraMparA para vicAra- racanA kA sAhityika vizleSaNa- subhadrAsatI catuSpadikA mAtRkA caupaI- samyakatva mAi caupar3a- maMgala kalasa baupara- jinadatta caupaI pratiparicaya kAla nirdhAraNa kavi paricaya- kathA pradhAna kRti- kathA-prabandha kAvya ke lakSaNa aura parIkSaNa- vividha varNana nakhazikha - prakRti varmana kavi kI bahuzastAchaMda- rasa- bhASA- niSkarSa padmAvatI caudhaI-jJAna paMcamI baupaI-ciraMgati caupAIniSkarSa - (4) barI- kAvyaH paramparA udbhava aura vikAsa, carjarI saMzaka racanAoM kI paramparA paricaya-saMskRta prAkRta auramapatra meM varvarI ke arthavarI ke prAcInatA cAra ullekha- varcarI sambandhI sahAyaka granthoM meM upaladha pramANa- apapreza kAvyatrayI, kuvalayamAlA thA tathA vibhinna koza anthoM meM carcarI ke artha vividha artha varcarI eka chanda vizeSa- saMdeza rAsaka, DholA mArU rA dohA, saMdeza rAsaka- svayaM chan- kumArapAla pratibodha- hindI bhASA kova purAnI, hindI- kabIra jAyasI tulasI Adi meM karI ke rUpapurAtana prabandha saMgraha aura vastupAla prabandha meM prayukta barjarI saMsAraM carcarI kevina artha varjarI ke zilpa sambandhI Avazyaka nirdeza lokapriya gAnaullAsa pradhAnaloka gIta rAjasthAna meM carjarI kA svarUpa+ cAMcara, varcera kA ullekha niSkarSa kArI saMracanAeM aura unukA paricaya- solaNakRta varcarIbArI-sAhityika paricaya niSkarSa-- (ka) prabandha saMzaka kAvya prabandha kAyoM kI paramparA-muktaka aura prabandha rUpa meM-prabandha kAvyoM ke pramukha prabandha kAvya tripUjana dIpaka prabandha aura maratezvara bAhunI prabandhapravardhana seTha hI prabandha aura usakA paricaka- tribhuvanadIca prayandha aura ka kAvyoM kI paramparA kAvyoM ke vyApaka vizleSaNa

Page #20
(sa) harita kAvya, varita saMjJaka racanAoM kA vizlapaNa-varita anthoM kI paramparA- kyA carita kAvya vya hai| carita mUlaka kAvyoM kA viziSTa zilpa kyA hai| barita kAvyoM ke gupa- pramukha carita saMzaka grantha auraunakA sAhityika vizleSaNa- jambU svAmI carita antarkathAeM- pradyumna carita- prati kavi evaM racanAkAla paricaya- kAvya parIkSaNa- kyAsAra. bhAra pakSa aura klA para rasa chaMda makAra vividha varNana ati prAkRtika varNana- thA paramparAeM aura avAntara ghaTanAeM -niSkarSa mizvara pariva- virATa parva- AdinAtha purANa - niSkarSa(ga) vivAilo kAmyA paramparA aura vizleSaNa- paramparA. aitihAsika vivAile- rupaka kAvya-pramukha kRtiyA-jinezvara sUri vivAhalo-jinodaya mUri vivAhalA- neminAtha vivAhalA-minabandasUri vivAhalA-supati sAdhu pUri vIvAhala (1) pavAho kAvyA vizleSaya-racayitA loka AkhyAnaka gItacarita kAvya- vidyAvilAsa pagAr3I aura usakA sAhityika mUlbAna ( saMdhikAma, paramparA aura vizleSaNa- saMdhikAThama-paramparA-apara saMdhi- varbhaba viSaya antaraMga sandhi-sapasa nidha-upadeza sandhi pAvanA sandhikevI gautama sandhi- vizleSaNa aura nimkarSa- (ca) karamAkA kAvya pAtukA: mAnI makka bhAtakA kA zilpa- paramparA taka rasAramAtRkA prathamAvara dohAH samyakatvamAi kApaDa, mAkA sapA-begamAkAsAlima saka - dUhA mAkA- kAvadhi upai-aTApada tIrtha bAnI. nikA-10217-726, mAvikAlIna hindI kaina sAhitya(2) goSakAvya paramparAeM mauSa gavya sma:- ra pradhAna tathA biya pradhAna- OcAna-dopAkA- doga bAramarIdoga- pAyA kahA

Page #21
baravaraguru guNa hApyaya- maMda- zrI gautama svAmI dayanda-(prathama divatIya)-aMbikA da- zrI sthUlimadra muni chaMdAsi- satkavastu-jambUsvAmI satkavastudivapa vikA-kSetrapAla divapa vikA-gAthA-maMgala-gA T- ArAtrika gAthA. kammabhUmi gAthA- relamA- jinacanda pari reTA- zrI galimA relamAgarAvalI reA- cAhAyapa- minaprabodha sUri maMdrAyaNA- zrI jinezvara rika candrAyaNA- aSTaka-jinabhadrasUri aTaka (ba) viSaya pradhAna- baitya paripAThIbhI huMjaya parivADI- zrI baitya paripAThI-zrI nagara kauTa tIrtha baitya paripAThI- bArahamAsA- neminAtha catumpadikA-neminA bArahamAsA rAso. dhUlibhadra bArahamAsA-neminAtha kAga bArahamAsA- paTTAbalI-barataragaccha paTAkaLI guNavarNana- jinavallabhasUri guNa vana-saMvAba-kRpaNanArI saMvAda- kulaka; uttama pusa kulaka- anAthI kulaka- mAtsyanavakAra mahAsya- bhora, paratezvara bAhujalI ghora- talaharA- ambikAdevI pUrvabhava varSana- talabarA- bodha-naranArI sambodha- do anya viSaya pradhAna kRriyA-Apado-(Adhyatmika ramA) jyA mRgApusakam (upadeza prdhaan)| (pR.737-830)| AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya(3) stavana kAbya paramparA saMsthA mantaka kAvya kA svama:- sana sanaka kAvyoM kI paramparA-stavana gavyaH muktaka kAvyaH -prAkta apaza- pukka mIba muktaka gIti kA zilpa- umikAmakyA stotra stabama gAhitya mI svo stavana meM gIti kAvyoM kA vaiziSTaka prAcIna botra saMgraha- veda mahAbhArata aura pAgavata purANa meM gIta svoraprAya mAkAnoM para svotra sakna- uttara apasa kAla meM mauta sotra svacana- hindI sADiva aura mukkA bAhira gIta svotra aura sana ke pramukha prakAra- bAsa mI-yoga-stana-kalA-borikA-zuSi-mInadI. sammAnamaskAra-prati-kosizAmila aura dhArmika pustaka-utsAha

Page #22
12 satyapurIya mahAvIra utsAha- racanA sthAna- prApti sthAna- kathA bhAgakRti kA aitihAsika mahatva- sAhityika mUlya vastu vivecana- satyapurIya mahAvIra utsAha kI bhASA- kula udAharaNa- rAjasthAnI- tatsama rUpoM ko udAharaNa- dezI bhASAoM- sAhitya kA mahatva- prAcIna rAjasthAnI jUnI gujarAtI- athavA purAnI hindI kI mahatva-gIta jinapati sUri dhavala gIta(harayama) - bhattara- madhuviMdu gItapada- sthUlibhadra gItam - zrIvayara svAmI gItam - stotra - caunI sajina stotra neminAtha pAva pUjA stotra-paMca kAra namaskAra tIrtha-stavana- caturviMzatijima stavana staMbhane pArzvanAtha stavana (prathama, dvitIya)- zrI sImaMdhara svAmI stavana- kalaza- zrI candraprabha svAmi kalaza- zAntinAtha klava- AdinAtha klava- mahAvIrakalA- bolikA vAsupUjya bolI-Adi nAtha bolikA-jina prabodha sUri bolikA - zrI jaya AdinAtha bolI- neminAtha bolI stuti- meminAtha stuti- virahamAna stuti- vinaMtImahAvIra vInaMtI- zrI vItarAga vinaMtI- zrI giranAra manDana bInatI inakA kAvyAtmaka mahatva-nikarma - (0231-287 1 1 adhyAya-9 kAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya (4) gar3hana paramparArthaH viSaya praveza- maka sAhitya kI prAcInatama racanAoM kA prema adikAla ko kAla ke vibhinna strota, vinAtha jaina- jaina madRya paraMparA - 14vIM are kI jina prathari kurta racanA meM dezI bhASA meM bAra nAvikAoM ke saMvAda- gUjarI, mAlavI evaM pUrvI nAvikAoM ke saMvAdoM ke uddharaNa pUrvIbhASA ke sAtha saba kAlAdhya tathA usakI prAcInatA jaina racanAoM kA kAlakrama-vargIkaraNa 1- mArambhika kAla ( sabai 1000-1400) (a) prArambhika racanAye (ba) paravartI racanAeM (2) vikAsa kAla (saM0 14000 1500), (1) mama (1) gadyakAvya, prArambhika kAla tyA usakI racanA-ArAdhanA bAla lie, vicAra

Page #23
13 navakAvyAna saba tIrtha namaskAra stavana aticAra-Adi prArambhika racanAeM, paravartI racanAeM- dhanapAla kathA tatthavivAra prakaraNa Adi prArambhika kAla tathA usakI racanAoM kA vargIkaraNa (a) dhArmika kRtiyAM (1) upAsanA paddhati janya (2) dhArmika siddhAnta mUlakA (ba) sAhityika (a) kathAtmaka svanAeM, dhArmika kRtiyAM - upAsanA padmatijanya zilpa-gadya ke kucha uddharaNa-pAvA zailIaticAra (prathama) aticAra (dvitIya) tatvavicAra prakaraNa- ArAdhanA aura aticAra tathA unake gar3ha ke uddharaNa- 3 va vicAra prakaraNa aura usakA adhyayana (ba) sAhitya gadya-dhanapAla kathA tathA usakA vizleSaNa (2) vikAsa kAlaracanAeM- bAlAvabodha saMjJaka vibhinna 17 racanAeM, zrAvaka vRhadaticAra- pRthvIcaMda vAgivalAsa tathA inaracanAoM kA paricaya bAlavabodha zailI kA paricaya- anuvAda aura TIkAoM ke do upa- TabUjA evaM bAlAvabodha kathA pradhAna vailI-kathAoM ke prakAra maulika kathAeM- paramparAgata kathAeM- loka kathAeM-upadezAtmaka kathAeMdhArmika kathAeM vividha viSayaka kathA- vikAsa kAla kI ina racanAoM kA vargIkaraNa (9) vyAkaraNamUlaka- mugdhAvabodha auklika, auktika, uktisaMgraha tathA vivecana (2) kyApradhAna gadyasAhitya vividha viSayaka kathAeM aura usakA udharaNa (3) dharma sambandhI gavasAhitya, bahAvazyaka bAlavabodha, grantha kA kilpa bAlabodha saMzaka 8 racanAeM aura unake uddharaNa- bAlavabIca raMjaka upalabudha anya racanAeM, tathA vibhinna lekhaka (4) aitihAsika mana sAhitya- gurvAvalI tathA usakA gar3haba (5) gadya kAvya kA preraka evaM umAnaka gaDya sAhityamaya kAvya kI paramparA kA udbhava aura vikAsa - rAjasthAnI kA gadya- usake do sma dayAve aura badanikA banAveda yuddha maitha-zada baMdha, vacanakA padabaMdhamadada baMdha-gadyakAvya maMtra kRtiyAM pRthvIya carita parvausakA adhyayana, bokA cikAra aura usakA paricaya (1) vividha viSayaka gadUna vADitya-gapisAra nute vizati kA mAlavabodha tathA unake uddharaNa jaina madbaparaMparA kI dena niSkarSa(707~2-PS80)

Page #24
14 - tatIya pANa adhyAya... AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya kI kyA paraMparAeM aura kyA uDiyA: (4) thA paramparAeM jaina racanAoM ke nimANa meM paramparA ko puSTa karane vAlI paripADiyoM ina paraMparAmoM ko prANAnvita karane ke kAraNa- paramparA zabda kA yahI artha- aneka jaima kathA kAvya-udaya kathA tabakA vikAsa- paramparAma-paraMparA kA sambandha kRti kI kathAtmakatA se -paTanA meM vaividhya aura maulikatA ke kAkha paraMparAoM kA nimAna- jaina kyA kAvyoM ke nAyaka- mahAna-tIrthakara aura balAkA puruSa kyA paramparAgoM kA zilpa- vaividhya bala maulikatA rAdhA jIvaTa kA samAveza- sthA kI racanA meM sambhavataH maulikatA- eka hI kyA ko vibhinna momeM rakhane ke kAraNa varNana krama vastuyojana aura bA zipa meM viviSya ke kAraNa paraMparAoM kA janma. ina yA paraMparAoM kA adhyayana kavikara aura bhAvAya kyoM / eka hI mahApuruSa para vibhinna nAmoM vAlI liyA. vibhinna viSayoM para vibhinna molilI jAme bAlI racanAeM- vibhinna kanimoM kA eka hI ghaTanA para vibhinna pratiyAmaulimA- sthA paramparAoM ke mUla meM-maulika athA aki badha paraMparA-bAbAvarala aura jama samAja kA kyA paraMparAga - nimA- upalabdha pramukha sthAeM aura ghaTanA -ati pradhAna aura ghaTanA pradhAna - carita pradhAna nepinAtha svAmI, thalimAghaTanA pradhAna rabamAnoM ko mAra- binabasa paDegA-prasamma carita-satyapurIya gayA- bAlArAma- mudrAvaDI bAI- mApusakyU- ina kRtiyoM ke pArasparika bana ra vibhinna samma so paraspara antara rAma aura kA thA paramparA mAra- prabandha aura pariva meM paraMparAoM kAma aura war. vividha varSanI aura sahAranI ibArA paraMparAoM kA nayA vividha rasmAra. parava kAla meM ina ramAoM kA vikAsa-14) gabanImA kAma bharanoM kA TET pIyoM kI pala- wr start

Page #25
vargIkaraNa-kAvya sar3hiyA- kyA diyA anuvatibaddha paraMparA-kAlpanika kar3iyAMvividha sadiyA- kAvya diyA- aMgalAbaraka- sarasvatI vaMdana- jinavaMdana- kavi anya paricaya- prArambha meM sala nidA pAe puloM kI prazaMsA- anta meM kavi pado kI nAma kI pa- ina abhiprAyoM kA prayoga- kAvya kar3iyoM kA upayogitA. kAmA sadiyoM kI paraMparA- kAvya rur3iyoM kA parIkSaNa kAvya kar3iyo- rUpavidhAna sambandhI. vividha varNana sambandhI sAmAjika paraMparAoM sambandhI aviprAkRtika satvoM se yuktaina ir3iyoM kA vizleSaNa-anubhutibaddhakyA diyA- kAlpanika- vividha kar3iyA- hindI jaina sAhitya meM upalabadha ukta sabhI sadiyoM kA vizleSaNa- niSkarSa-1(pR. 63-662) adhyAya-" AvikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya meM prayukta chada TorpiTTTFVFF TIVITTYVO V W bana ranAmoM meM se prakAra ke mAra-mAtrika aura vArSika hAra -bAla aura varNa kA mahatva mAtrika aura bAla vRttoM meM saMgIta kA samAva-varSa grta aura prayukta maparagaNa-apara pranyo ina do kA vizleSana -mANiAlIna hindI jaina racanAoM meM prayukta vipina ca auraunakA vargIkaraNa-praksa - (5 ) inakA vargIkaraNa-mAtrika- varNika kyA dekhI-vatI (kucha 15)-dezI da-devI chandoM kA zilpa-sAlavata tathA saMgIta-vividha rAgoM-sthAnameM vividha jAto kA upayoga-devIdoM kI paramparA kA udbhava aura vikAsavividha dezI DAleM aura unakA chandoM meM prayoga-paratezvara bAhubalI rAsaividharA-vIrAma, peya tathA kI rAsa- samarA rAsa- paMca pAya bharita bAra inameM prayukta rAsa kA rAsaka pada bastu-koTaka mA ghaTaka-sarasvatI pA-voDA-caupAI boraga-paraNAkula-dekhI baMdha-vibhinna myapiyoM meM prayukta-robAsalAdI -bamA -vidhIgaDa

Page #26
16 mibhaMgI- tripadI-soraThA tathA soraTkA-harigItikA-pAdAkula-phAgu vArSika vRtta aura unakA varNana-dutavilavita-mAlinI-upajAti- basaMtatilakArathodhatA- nArAca-adhanArAca- rAgoM meM puSTa dezI chanda tathA unakA vikAsa karane vAlI mahatvapUrNa kRtiyA-devI ndoM kA svarUpa tribhuvana - dIpaka prabandha-bhATTa- dupada-Andola- pAsA-aDaiyA-vidyA vilAsa pavAr3o meM prayukta vividha dezI iMda-vibhinna rAgai- rAma saMbhUra, rAmagirivIvAhalA-mImapalAsI-hiva vidhAmagaDa DAla rAga dezaka-sarataragaccha paTTAvalI-prathama zrI dhavala rAga- rAja ballabha sabaiyA kI dezI-rAga yAtrIvibhinna rAgoM meM prayukta saMgIta pradhAna dezI chanda auraunakA paviSya- rodha kI paryApta apekSA ina do kA paravartI kAloM para prabhAva- ye prabhAva do moM meM. kAvya paddhatiyoM tathA chanda paddhati meM-kAvya paddhatiyomi- dohA paddhati- dohA baupAI paddhati- hApyaya paddhati- pada boragIvi padhatiyA. tathA hada paddhati meM varNika aura mAtrika donoM prakAra ke indo vArA paztikAla-rItikAla- tathA adhunika kAloM para-ina chandoM kI derI loka paraMparAeM aura unakA paravartI kAloM meM prANa-nivarSa- ( 0 670 - 1020) prabhAva upahAra mAvikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya parizIlana- usake pramukha tathya(.) jaina kRtriyoM ke adhyayana kI apekSA-prabhuna gaI pujarAtI aura rAjasthAnI vidvAnoM vArA-diI ke vidvAnoM kI isa bAra apevA-itihAsakAroM ke lie Avazyaka mAmI-aba pradha se isa bhora pUrti kA prayAsa- (2) mA aura samAjatatkAlIna sthitiyoM kA kAvya racanA meM yoga- samAja ne nirmANa meM bImA (1) jainadharma ke pramukha siddhAnta, ina vidhAntoM kA sAhitya prasna meM yoga, marasa kyAmoM evaM bAla divoM kA AdhAra-ramAno mAnika tatvoM

Page #27
17 kA vizleSaNa kyAoM ke dvArA:(4) apaja kA jaina sAhitya- usakI pramukha vizeSatAeM tathA usakA adhyayana (5) AdikAlIna hindI jainetara laukika sAhitya, bhAva evaM kalApara, sAulI kAnhar3a de prabandha-basaMta vilAsa phAgu- golA mAru rA dohA, raNamalla chada, sadayavatsa-rukmaNImaMgala-AdiH, (1) kAvyaparaMparAeM. pramukha gauma, stavana aura gadya paraMparA tathA inake antargata Ane ke kAvya rUpoM meM vaividhya aura vizAlatA (7) sthA paraMparAeM aura kyA hiyA unakA vaividhya aura vizleSaNa (0) AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya meM prazukta pada-tAlavatta aura mAtrAvRtta-saMgIta meM ina kRtiyoM kA bhoga dezI chandoM kA vikAsa aura ina kRtiyoM dvArA dezI do ke kSetra meM maulika anudAna (9) bodha kI naI dizAeM- purAnI hindI kA udabhava aura vikaas| AdikAlIna hindI racanAoM kI bhAga-AdikAla ke rAsa, kAgu, prabandha, carita muktaka kAvya zrRMgAra tathA saMDa zo kA vaijJAnika sampAvana, madhyakAlIna hidI jaina sAhitya kI samyaka zodha kI apekSA ( hindI sAhitya ko ina kRtiyoM kI deva- hindI sAhitya ke vividha kAloM aura usakI kAvya kRtiyoM yA kAvya mo para prabhAva; bhAva aura kalA pada kI sabalatA: hindI sAhitya ko ina kRtiyoM kI dena- vibhinna aMDAroM zodha kI apekSA (101021- 1029 / - pariziSTa-.: AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya meM prayukta akSara, baiMka evaM praviyoM ke citra jyA parikA . .1-17 ) 2 pariziSTa- 1 : bAvikAlIna hindI jaina (prakAzita tathA aprakAzita) isalikhita racanAoM kI sUcI - (pR.15-16 , 1- pariziSTa-: sandarbha anya bI.cyA maMDAroM kI sUcI. ( 7-57) /

Page #28
t. ii rmaalk kkkkkkkk kkkkN k

Page #29
viSaya-praveza hindI sAhitya kA bAdikAla svayaM apane meM eka mahatvapUrNa viSaya rahA hai| bAvikAlA vivecana karate samaya samyak zodha ke abhAva meM vidvAnoM meM isakI upalabdha ramamAoM kI sthiti ko sadaiva hI pade kI iSTi se dekhA hai| hidI cAhitya ke prati nibAna itihAsakAra svargIya AcArya rAmacandra pAla ne isa kAla kA vIragAthAkAla nAmakaraNa karake upalabdha kRtiyoM ko sthAna diyA, para purata pI ke sAmane sAmagrI kI upalabdhi kA abhAva, mago bar3A kAraNa rhaa| yahI nahIM isa kAla meM madhyadeza ke vibhinna pradezoM meM koI bhI prAcInatama racanA nahIM milI, jisake AdhAra para sthita thor3I mulagI : sAmagrI kA prabhAva, bodha kI upekSA yA anya antaraMga bahiraMga pramAnoM kI anupahiti ke kAraNa mAvikAsa kA mAna paTakAkI hobA gyaa| vidvAnoM kI ina kaThinAiyoM kArava nAgarI isa ora vividha nahIM ho skii| vibhinna prasciyoM kAraNa isa kA mAla bhI mili harA pAlana koraMgI nAma kAhI pratinidhitva nahI kara sAsa bahakAla svabodhApAtoM kA kAkI banA sa yoM aura gati na hone se isa kAma kI aneka mahatvapUrNa liyA mitrAva ho gii| phira bhI isa bAta kA samyakSa hone para isameM anekAneka va ratna samAro ko aisI vidvAnoM kI dhAraNA kA dhIre dhIre poya hotA aura kA viki yaha dhAraNA paravIM bogoMka hI pramANita samayopAnI AdhAra para hindI sAhitya pAdikAla para apane vicAra kiyA nAsA / mindI gariya prArambhika kAlako prAvikA mA yiA kaza hai|

Page #30
yaha kAla aisA saMgatikAla hai ki jisameM eka ora maiskRta ke pratibhAzAlI vidvAna' hue, dUsarI ora apaca ke mahAna sAhityakAra hue, tathA eka ora bauddha siddha, jaina, mata aura anya dharma pravartaka kavi utpanna hue| ina kaviyoM ne pragati aura paramparA kA mahala samanbaya upasthita kizA, saMskRta meM paramparAjanya alaMkRta paddhatiyoM para kAvya rakhanA kI jyA prA aura apane kRtikAroM ne tatkAlIma prAlita deva pASAoM arthAta jamapadIya vibhASAoM meM kAvya prabhamana vishaa| ata: dharma, saMskRti, sAhitya, darzana aura samAja Adi lagabhaga sabhI kSetroM meM isa kAla meM krAnti huii| yahI nahIM uttara bhArata kI lagabhaga sabhI vartamAna bhASAoM ke udabhava, vikAsa aura pragati kA itihAsa isa kAla meM sambandhita hai| uttara apaca, prAcIna pazcimI rAjasthAnI, jUnI, gujarAtI, prAcIna braja, Adi bhASAnoM ke prAcIna sAhitya kI bhI sampannatA kA sIdhA sambandha isa AdikAla se hI hai| ina sabhI dRSTiyoM se AdikAla kA vizleSaNa paramAvazyaka kora bhASAoM kA mAdikAla se sambandha bhAvika yo eka mahatvapUrNa ghaTanA huI vA tara bhArata kI vartamAna loka bhASAmoM kI utptti| apara kA svarNakAla vIM se 10vIM pavAbI krtaa| bhavaca gAyaba ho jAne ke bAda bolacAla kI bhaneka viSAphAoM ne janma paagaa| apAra jaisI mA kI aneka dAne I. jinakA kA mUlA parivAra bhAva vibhinna prAdezika bhAgoM meM hamAre sAmane hai| vo aba kAvya-racanA ho vI vAdI taka hotI rahI parantu vIM vAdI hI loka bhAkAra rakha minna hone kamI pApA ke isa saparivalako ga spaTamA vakAlIna upaladha kRtiyoM devA 4 wer / isI mA uttara apaka, koka bhASA, dezI golI, jana bhASA, prApya milAvArSa, prAya mAsa, bhaTa bAdi nAmoM se pukArI gaI aura atyAdhunika kA gulerI bIyA rAnI ke vivAdoM meM isakA nAmakaraNa purAnI hindI pIka vimo bahazoM meM bhI aura upyukt| akolArika pAsa bhaI aura koka bhAvAnoM ne usakA sthAna prAna yA nizcita mAge pani samAnoM

Page #31
kI vividha upalabdhioM ke AdhAra para yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki apazake uttarakAla meM loka bhASAoM aura vibhinna dezIya boliyoM meM sAhitya sRjana bar3I kSetrI homA prArambha ho gayA thaa| loka bhASAeM sAhitya ke kSetra meM itanI zIghra kyoM pratiSThita TI, unameM stI sarasatA aura zakti isanI bIghra kyoM A gaI unakA sAhitya itanA adhika lokapriya kyoM mA, uttara apasa meM hindI tathA anya loka bhASAoM ke vikAsa kA prAcIna svarUpa meM vidyamAna rahA Adi prazna vicAraNIya hai| vivecya yuga kA nAmakaraNa (a)- bIragAthA kA Arya rAbandra zukla ne isa kAla ko kIragAthA kA rakhA hai tathA isakI avadhi 1.5 se. taka raksI hai| akla jI ko jisa kAla meM kinhIM vizeSa pravitti-mUlaka banAmoM kA prAi milA use eka prakAre meM svIkAra kara liyA thA usakA nAmakaraNa bhI racanAoM kI ukta vizeSa pravRtti ke anusArI kiyaa| unhoki bhayo / vi siI kAla meM mAra ma kI racanA 10, aura . kama se milatI hai viTaMga kI pustake prAva unakI pravaranA kahI jAyagI yaDyapi ma pustake milakara saMkhyA meM hai|" dUsarA bApAra boM ko prazikSita hai| vikAsa ke pIra jisamApa pravRtti prati yasa prakAra praba usakA bAva mAne bAga kiro aura aneka prakAra ke nidha aura sAdhAraNa koTi ke bhara ubara para / bAra meM prazikSita mI kisI gaDakI loka pravRtti kA pariSadetI hai| samAcAroM para bImA vipApana kara isa kAra kA nAmakaraNa pauramAthAgata yiaa| ..desie hindI sAhitya itihAsa bhAvArya rAma , mAyA

Page #32
AdikAla kA yaha nAma zukla jI ne isalie raksA hai ki isa meM aise vIra gAdhAtmaka graMthoM kI pracuratA milatI hai jo sa samaya janatA meM paryApta rUpa se pracalita rahe hoNge| unake anusAra vIragAthA kAla ke prasiddha graMthoM kA vargIkaraNa pramukhataH do zreNiyoM meM kiyA jA sakatA hai.. 1- apaza pApAH isa bhASA meM liye pramukha grantha hai: (1) vijayapAla rAso ( mallasiMha kRta 0 155) (hammIra rAso (raMga dhara kR . 157) (8) kIrtilatA aura (kIrtipatAkA (vidyApati kRta saM0 1404) 2. dezI bhASA: devI bhASA meM Ane vAle madha : (5) mAna rANe (lapati vijaya kRta saMont-105) (6) bImAdeva rAmoM (marapati nA . ) prazvIrAja rAso (kadavaradAI - 115114) yamantra prakAra (bhaTTa dAra . 1915) (1) bamakA vandrikA (mAkara kavi 140) (.) paramAla rANe (mAgakA mUla mAnika ) ( kharoM kI paheliyA (10) MyDa (zrIdhara Far ) () vimApati kI pavAvI ( upasa andhokharoM kI pojhiyA aura niDyApati kI padAvalI ko chor3akara zeSa sabhI praboM ko unhoMne vIragAvAtmaka mAnA hai| bidvAna bImaladeva rAoM ko vIra mApAramA mantrI sthAna kara gArika banAne hai| kintu sa jI meM bIramAthAtmaka prakRti kI pradaratA aura prabhAmA garaba kI bIragAthA kA mA hai| kintu ina racanAoM kA bhI viyAnoniniSiya, DA. sArI prasAda dvivedI

Page #33
STO hIrAlAla jaina, zrI bhagaracanda mAhaTA, zrI motIlAla menAriyA, tathA svAmI narottamadAsa Adi ne adhyayana kara kahA hai ki isa kAla kA vIradhAthAkAla nAmakaraNa ekadama nirarthaka pratIta hotA hai| apane isa nirarthaka nAmakaraNa kA aMtrika AbhAsa bahuta sambhava hai ki usa samaya zukla jI ko bhI ho gayA ho| isa nAmakaraNa ke meM eka vicAraNIya bAta yaha hai ki zukla jI maiM ina vIravAthAtmaka racanAoM meM sarva prathama imAna rAmro ko mAnA hai tathA isakA racanAkAla saM0 1980 se 1205 taka mAnA hai, jaba yaha isa kAla kA sarva prathama grantha hai taba isa kAla kA prArambha humAna rAmroM se hI mAnanA caahie| kla jI ne vIragAthA kAla kA prArambha saM0 2050 se mAnA hai, ataH 150 varSa isa kAla kI hor3a meM ghasITa kara lAye jAte haiM ve nirarthaka hI kahe jaayeNge| parantu isake sambandha meM kahakara to kiyA jA sakatA hai ki briviSTa pravRttiyoM kI racanAoM ke mamAna meM kisI kAla ko viziSTa kAla mAna lenA ThIka nahIM hai ataH sambhavaH zukla jI ne saM0 2050 se lekara imAna rAmroM taka kI racanA ke samaya ko koI anya nAma na dekara use vIragAthA kAla ke hI aMta kara diyA hai| isI prakAra kA eka prazna vidyApati ke lie bhI vicAra hai ki usakA ramAkAla = 1460 ke lagabhaga mAnA gayA hai aura idhara ukta jI isa kAla kI samApti saM0 1305 vi0 taka hI kara dete hai paisI sthiti meM vidyApati ko vIragAthA kAlIna afa mAnanA kyA ucita hai? parantu sambhavataH ik jI kI vaha mAnyatA rahI hogI ki vidyApati mAmA ke antima kavi the| aura jI apa kI paramparA kI samApti vIragAthA kAla meM hI kara denA vADhate rahe hogeN| isake atirikta yaha bhI kahA jA sakatA hai ki hindI sAhitya meM bhakti aura zRMgAra kI cArA ke pravartaka ho gae haiM ki tI mIti vikAsa bhakti kAla aura rItikAla meM huA ataH yaha bhI sambhava hai ki jI ne hindI sAhitya kI bhaktimUlaka yA gAra janya cArArthoM kA mUla strota vIragAthA kAla meM vijJAne ke lie hI vidyApati ko arenter orata mAna liyA ho| jo bhI ho, sthiti isa sambandha meM bahuta spaSTa nahIM pratIta hotI /

Page #34
jahAM taka zukla jI dvArA ullikhita ina racanAoM kI pramANikatA aura pravRtti kA prazna hai, vidvAnoM ne adhyayana dvArA yaha siddha kara diyA hai inameM se adhika pramANika aura mAnI huI pravRttiyoM ke pratikUla hai|' bIsaladeva rAsoM AdyopAnta zrRMgArika kAvya hai isake zrRMgArika varNanoM meM kavi kA mana ma ramA hai| isakI pravRtaint vIragAthA kI nahIM hai tathA isakA racanA kAla saMdigdha hai| hammIra rAmro meM hammIra zabda Apatti va sahajanaka hai kyoMki vaha eka hI rAjA ke lie prayukta na hokara aneka rAjAoM ke lie huA hai| jayaprakAza noTisa mAtra meM prApya hai| svayaM kla jI ne bhI isakA kevala nAma kI chUnA thaa| ataH yaha kahanA kaThina hai ki vaha hindI meM ravI bhI gaI hogii| yaha bhI sambhava hai ki isakI racanA apaDa meM huI hoM kyoMki usa yuga meM mAha kI sAmAnya bhASA apabhraMtha hI thii| ho ramama chanda meM avazya hI vIragAthAtmaka pravRttiyoM hai parantu isakA aura vidyApati kA racanAkAla to svayaM zukla jI ne hI vIragAthAkAla kI samApti ke kramazaH 79 aura 85 varSa bAda kA svIkAra kiyA hai ataH isa dRSTi se to ye racanAeM vIragAthA kAla kI hai hI nhiiN| imAna rAmroM aura bIsaladeva rAsoM ke racanAkAla ke sambandha meM zrI motIlAla memariyA ne puSTa pramANa prastuta kie hai jinake AdhAra para meM racanAeM kramazaH 18vIM aura 15vIM zatAbdI kI siddha ho cukI hai| meM tama vidvAnoM dvArA prAyaH sarvamAnya * vaha ina para adhika vistAra meM vicAra nahIM kiyA hai| isa prakAra ksa jI dvArA 9 racanAoM kA ullekha to prAmANika nahIM tthhrtaa| aba rahI bAta pRthvIrAja rAvI kii| vivAna ise tatkAlIna prAmANika racanA mAnane ko hI taiyAra nahIM hai| svayaM jI ne ise bAlI ThaharAyA hai| DA0 rAma kumAra varmA kA kahA hai ki 1(a) dekhie- rAjasthAnI varSa 3 aMka 3 meM bhI agarabanda nAhaTA kA bIsaladeva rAso yA pRthvI rA (ga) nAgarI pravAricI patrikA varSa 44 aMka 4 meM zrI amaracanda nAiTA kA deva mANarAsI /

Page #35
7 "Aja taka kI sAmagrI ke bahAre rAso ko prAmANika grantha kahanA itihAsa aura sAhitya ke bAda kI upekSA karanA hai| DA0 hajArI prasAda dvivedI banda ko hindI kA Adi kavi mAnane kI japekSA uttarakAlIna apa kA kavi kahanA adhika yukti saMgata samajhate hai| yadi hama aura sUkSma dRSTi se isake antarAla meM praviSTha hoM to hama dekheMge ki rAkhoM kI mUla pravRti bhI vIratA mUlaka na hokara zrRMgAra mUlaka hai| hI prema aura vIratA kA saphala isameM hai para zraMgAra bhAvanA ke kror3a meM vIra bhAvanA poSita hotI hai arthAt * vIratA nahIM hai| vIra bhAvanA gA~va hai| yuddha meM bhI parantu itanA hone para bhI aba pRthvIrAja rAmro prAmANika siddha ho cukA hai| rAmro ko pramANika mAnane vAle vidvAna munijina vijaya jI, zrI agarabanda nAhaTA, STO vara varmA, DA0 hajArI prasAda dvivedI aura DA0 mAtA prasAda gupta hai| zrI dazaratha varmA aura nijinavijaya jI use mUlataH viracita mAnate hai| STe dasake kucha mezoM kA aya meM svAmI kara cuke hai| isake atirikta purAtana prabandha saMgraha meM upalabdha rAmro ke cAra chanda meM ise mUlataH apabhraMva meM racita sidda karate haiN| zrI agaracanda mASTA aura DA0 mAyA prasAda gupta ne apane rAmro sambandhI lekhoM se pRthvIrAja rAmroM kI usakI sthiti ko paryApta kA diyA hai tathA aba usakI prAmAtiear adhikahI jAtI hai| para isa prAmANikatA kI adhika sArthakatA kI bhI hogI, jaba isakA adhika meM viracita mAnA jAya / anyathA usakA vartamAna rUpa to sovanI baDhAdI se pUrva kA nahIM khaa| jo bhI ho, ST0 mAtA prasAda ne rAhoM ke mATha kA vaijJAnika sampAdana kara diyA hai aura vises varga ke isakA mUla pATha jAne para rAsoM kI prAthAmikatA para mya rUpa se vivAda kiyA jA skegaa| isI prakAra amIra isaro kI paheliyA bhI mUla rUpa meM upalabdha nahIM hotI | ae aerefer bIragAthA kAla kI sabhI racanAeM yA to paravartI meM racita siddha ho gaI hai athavA mUlataH jayamaMtra meM racita mAnI jAtI hai| isa prakAra 1- DA0 rAmakumAra garga kA itihAsa |

Page #36
8 isa prakAra donoM hI sthitiyoM meM hameM unheM vIragAthA kAla kI racanAeM kahane meM pUrNa sandeha hotA hai| aisA lagatA hai ki AcArya rAmacandra zukla ko isa sthiti kA thor3A sA anumAna ho gayA thA kyoMki unhoMne jAnI vivazatA nimnAMkita zabdoM meM prakaTa kI hai|" isI sadvigya sAmagrI ko lekara jo thor3A bahuta vicAra ho sakatA hai usI para DI santoSa karanA par3atA hai| DA0 hajArI prasAda dvivedI ne mI vIragAthA nAma kA virodha karate hue likhA hai "yaha spaSTa hai ki jina granthoM ke AdhAra para isa kAla kA nAma vIragAthA kAla rakhA gayA hai unameM se kucha noTisa mAtra se bahuta adhika mahatvapUrNa nahIM aura kucha yA to pIche kI racanAeM hai yA pahale kI racanAoM ke vikRta rUpa hai| ina pustakoM ko navIna mAna liyA gayA hai|" zukla jI kI eka dUsarI bar3I prIti yaha hai ki ve apabhraMza aura hindI kI eka hI samajhate haiN| unake anusAra apasaMda sA prAkRtAbhArA hindI ke par3ayoM kA sabase purAnA kya tAtrika aura yogamArgI bauddhoM kI sAmpradAyika racanAoM ke bhItara vikrama kI sAtavIM zatAbdI ke antima caraNa meM milatA hai kintu muMja aura bhoja ke samaya (saM0 2050 ke lagabhaga) se to aisI avanaM yA purAnI hindI kA pUrA pracAra budha sAhitya yA kAvya racanAvoM meM bhI pAyA jAtA hai| ataH zukla jI ke anusAra hindI sAhitya kA AdikAla saM0 2050 se lekara se0 1305 taka arthAt mahArAjA bhoja ke samaya se lekara hammIradeva ke samaya ke kucha pIche taka mAnA jAsakatA hai| zukla jI kI svayaM vIra pumpayansa jaise jaina kaviyoM kI sAhityika racanAoM kA patA nahIM thA aura yadi rahA bhI hogA to inheM sAhityika nahIM mAnate the| anyathA me hindI sAhitya kA prArambha sAtavIM zatAbdI se hI svIkAra kara lete para unake viveSaNa meM eka dUsarI yaha milatI hai ki ve isa eka adhyAya meM apa aura hindI ko eka mAnate hai aura bAge do adhyAyoM meM apabhraMtha aura deza pAkA kI racanAoM kA paricaya ama alaga patra kAla aura vIragAthA kAla zIrSaka ke antargata hindI vAlva kA itihAsa rAma candra k

Page #37
*dete hai| sAtha hI apavaMza kI nizcita sImAeM kyA hai isakA nidhAraNa bhI unhoMne nahIM kiyA kincha 0 8. se 140 taka kI racanAoM kA isameM paricaya dete hai| isakA artha yA huA ki apaja kAla aura vIragAthA kAla donoM sAtha sAtha eka hI samaya meM calate hai| vastutaH ina asaMgatiyoM kA koI bhI samAdhAna nahIM miltaa| idhara pukla jI ne isa kAla kI bahuta sI sAmagrI ko dharma-nirupaNa vAlI mAmpradAyika sAmagrI kahakara haTA diyA parva unakI pravRtti para dhyAna hI nahIM diyA hai| giddha aura nAtha sAhitya kI apekSA hI nirguSa kaviyoM ke prati unakI ekAgI dhAramAnoM kA kAraNa bnii| jisa kabIra ko unhoMne nirguNa paramparA kA pravartaka kavi mAnA hai, vaha vastutaH usa paraMparA kA bIca kA kavi hai rahasyavAda ke vikAsa kI mUla bhAvanA meM siddha nAthoM kI bANiyoM meM milatI hai| jaina kaviyoM kI vizAla pAhityika sAmagrI uttama prabaMdha kAyoM, padayAtmA kathAnoM,sandhiyoM Adi ko svayaMbhU, dhanapAla, puSpavAta jaise mahAkaviyoM kI ranAmoM ko dhArmika banAkara unhoMne sAhityika kSetra ke pRthaka kara kiyA hai| isa taraha yadi jaina sAhitya va itara sAhitya ko tatkAlIna pAtradAyikatA kA sAhitya kA kara miksa kara diyA gayA hai, to phira pUra ke puSTimArga para balasI mAnaba kA sthAna bhI diepa ho gaavgaa| ata: yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki bIragAthA kA nAma mata upayukta nahIM hai| vAstava meM krUjI usa samaya isa vA nahIM kI mAra kara sakate, unheM sAmagrI kI prANa niidhii| vizeSa rUpa se rAmasthAna lagapana bhI mAra dabA sahI nApAra mA la jI ke lie anya nahIM thaa| hindI ma gara kI bhUmikA meM unhoMne viza ki unake say frdI mAnikImA bAbI boM kI viza barAvidhI- vastutaH pravRttiyoM bAgrI mApAra ra bandoMne isakA eka badhi DAvA hA kara diyA. jo svaya mIka (mil shit) hai| svayaM bhAgArya zukla ne unase pUrva prakAzita prApta hoM meM vitta mA hai parantu jo bhI ge, yaha nimANika bI pI sahima usameM bAla prApadhArAkA cAra ma diyaa| unhaldI nadAra kI mikA ( vikI mamama samasta prAcIna sigAva yA patha ko

Page #38
prazasta kiyA hai| (A)- cAraNa kAlaH AcArya zukla ne jise vIragAthA kAla kahA hai ThIka usI kAla ko 70 rAmakumAra varmA ne cAraNa kAla kI saMjJA dI hai| 0 750 se 0 1000 taka ke kAla ko DA vA ne saMdhikAla kahA hai tathA Age ke kAla ko cAraNa kAla / unake matAnusAra isa kAla ke sAhitya kI racanA adhikatara cAraNoM dvArA huI, yadyapi varmA jI ne apane graMtha kI racanA zukla jI ke itihAsa ke ThIka 10 varSa bAda kI thI aura isa 10 varSa ke kAla meM paryApta maI zodha ho cukI thI aura yaha bahuta spaSTa hai ki varmA jI ne aneka nae tathyoM aura naI upalabdhiyoM kA samAhAra apane prabandha meM kiyA bhI hai| unhoMne hindI aura apabhraMza sAhityoM kA alaga alaga vizleSaNa kiyaa| DA0 varmA ne ke jaina kaviyoM kI racanA ko bhI sAhitya meM sthAna diyaa| ataH jahAM taka saMdhikAla kA prazna hai unakI dRSTi apa ke kaviyoM kA mUlyAMkana karane meM adhika prazasta rahI hai| isa dRSTi se DA0 rAma kumAra varmA pahale vidvAna hai, jinhoMne apaca ke kaviyoM ko sammAna diyaa| parantu jahA taka unake cAraNa kAla (saM0 1000-1350) kAprazna hai isake pratipAvana meM kucha gatiyAM milatI hai, ve isa prakAra hai: unhoMne cAraNa kAla kI sImA 40 1000 se 1350 taka mAnI hai, parantu isa kAla ke samAne vAlI aneka racanAoM kA samaya unhoMne isa prakAra diyA hai| eMDa yA puruya mAvimAyakAla (saM0 70) 3 bhuvA (saM0 1000 1 (t) (2) (#) 10 3 (4) mohanalAla vija-isa prakAra mohanalAla kA nA cAhie- mata: tere or at samaya keka ke bAda hI 18vIM zatAbdI hai| bIsaladeva rAso: bharapati nAnha--jo ho, 1071 itihAsa ke adhika samIpa hai| yadi rAtoM kI eka prati hameM yahI saM0 detI hai aura itihAsa deva ke samaya ko bhI lagabhaga yahI mAnatA hai to hameM deva kI racanA 2073 mAnane meM koI jAti nahIM honI cAhie 1- hindI sAhitya kA mAlocanAtmaka itihAsa: DA0 rAma kumAra varmA- 30 144 20 nahI 50 145 3. vahI pU0 4- vahI 0 147

Page #39
(5) pathavIrAja rAso- isa samaya rAsoko prAmANika prandha siddha karane kI sAmagrI bahuta kama mA Aja taka kI sAmagrI ke sahAre rAso kA prAmANika pratha kahanA itihAsa aura sAhitya ke Adau kI upekSA karanA hai| (1) paTa kedAra- jayandra prakAza kA parimANa bhI ajJAta hai kyoki vaha abhI taka bhaprAcya usakA kevala nirdeza mAtra rAThoDArI khyAtanAmaka saMgraha prantha meM milatA hai, jisakA lekhaka siMghAyana dayAladAsa nAmaka koI bAsa thAmata: bhaTTa kevArata jayacaMda prakAza hindI sAhitya ke kevala smaraNa kara lene kI vastu hai| () madhukara - jayamayaMka- paMsa bandrikA - yaha mandha bhI prApta hai|' (4) vIra rAmAyaNa- 0 5 vikrm| (1) Aha - isakA pATha atyanta vikRta ho gayA hai|" (10) hammIra rAmo - isa granca kI eka bhI vAstavika prati prApta nahIM hai|' (1) vijayapAla rAso- isakI bhASA apaca zukta hai| (12) hammIra mahAkAvya- vina saM0 140 ke Asa pAsa (a) jaisI rAnai pAbUjI rA 0 1591 ke bIca meN|' (14) acaladAsa bItI rI bAnikA - 1158 (5) sirana kmiNI rI bela . . (A) para siNagAra.. . (0) banikA rAThaura ratana siMhajI rI-075" (18) boDI nAcI rI kavitA- MIR (11) nItA mAravalI sapahI -. " (10) mahArAva mAMganI ro - erry (1) dharAna mAraNa gopInAtha rokIyo-2 014 () mahArAva natijI rI kavitA..15" SHELP -bI. bAhitya kA pAThoramAya mAna, ga. rAmakumAra varmA, pR. m 11-bhii| 12- vhii| 1-bhii| - vahI pU. 18 14.bhii| -bahI . 108, 01 ...vahI . 18. vahI grantha bhiinch| ... vahI . .

Page #40
ukta nAmAvalI meM gadi granthoM kA parIkSaNa kiyA jAya to kevala vIsaladeva rAmo ko hor3akara aura koI bhI racanA vAraNa kAla kIsImA meM nahIM A paatii| aura ise ve vAstavika rUpa meM svIkAra karate haiN| iAra DA. motIlAla menAriyA ne pIsaladeva rAso kA racanAkAla 1545-6. ke AsapAsa siddha kara diyA hai|' aisI sthiti meM aisA lagane lagatA hai ki bAla kAla kA astitva hI vigUdha hai| svayaM bamI jI ke itihAsa ke navInatama saMskala meM isa bAra kA ullekha kI nahIM hai ki isa kAla meM koI pramASika vAraNa kRti likhI gaI ho| isake atirikta unhoMne nagaravakAla meM 15vIM sAbdI kI kaliyoM taka ko sthAna diyA hai jabaki zukla jI ke anusAra bAdi kAla kI sImAeM 0 1 taka hI samAna ho jAtI hai ataH vI pI ne isanI gAme kI vAdiyoM meM milane vAlI jina racanAoM kA utA apane itihAsa andha meM kiyA hai to dhAraNa kAvya ke vargata Ane vAlI kRtiyoM kI paramparA meM nahIM liyA jA sakatA hai| unakA bAdikAla kIsI mAboM meM samApana karanA kabhI saMbhava nahIM hai| (1) siddha-bAna- gataH mahA paMDita rAhula kRtyAyana meM bAdikAla kA nAmakaraNa vidha-sAmAnsa-yuga kiyA hai| unhoMne apazako purAnI hindI mAno pa apazagaga bamI kAvya noM ko miti nariyA aura isa kAma kI TImA maha .. 1.... mAmI hai| agara ko purAnI diI mAno hue rAhulI jisane 1 ki..bhAne puna rakyA hogA ki isa bhASA me apAMca gayada ise bhApa mAne lage hone ki kaba ho yA hindI ra ma mAtra shegii| lekina TTA para na jAe, ikA sarA nAma hI mAmA bhI hai| isIlie kahate hai ki isameM saMskRta jayoTa mahI, mAsTa, hoTa 1, safar saMskRta paMDitoM ko pATi ba remomAni madoM kA rUpa badalane bakate mayA kapa telA - 1. rAjasthAnI bhASA aura sAhitya: DA. motIlAla menAriyA, 15 //

Page #41
apapraSTa honA-bhaya nahIM, pUSana hai|' apaja ko purAnI hindI mAna dene se anyaprAntIya bhASAoM ke adhikAroM kA hanana metA hai| rAhula jI kA yaha dhana eva dRSTavya hai ki aba ma purAne kaviyoM kI bhASA ko hindI kahate hai to isa para marAThI, hiyA, baMgalA, mAsamI, gorakhA, gujarAtI, paMjAbI, gujarAtI bhApa pApiyoM ko Apatti ho sakatI hai, kyoMki ve bhI hindIvaha apanA adhikAra rakha sakatI hai| vastutaH yaha siddha sAmanta yugIna kaviyoM kI racanAeM uparyaMta bhArI bhASAoM kI sammilita mipi / ' vAstava meM rAhulajI ke isa kathana meM jo sabase bar3I asaMgati lagayI hai vaha yaha ki ve paka ora to apaja ko bhI anya bhASAoM kI sammilita sampatti batalAne 1, aura dUsarI ora usI apAMca para zidI kA elAna eadhipatya svIkAra kara use purAnI diI kara DAlI hai| -rAhula bI kA hindI prema sarAhanIya hai rimI hameM bahI dUsarI bhASAoM ke adhikAroM ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue jidI ke sAhitya mAra ko amucita sa meM banAne kA koSa barana hI karanA par3egA yA apaza ko apazakahanA hI jyAdA mAya mara hogaa| ()- AdikAla ga. vArI prasAda zivavedI meM isa kA mAmala bAvikAsa kiyA hai| vastutaH Adila nAmaka sthiti mata kuma bhAtI hai| kyoMki isameM prAraMga se milane vAlI lagabhaga sabhI sAmagrI kA maramA samAhAra yA samAveza ho sakatA hai| prAcArya divedIdI cAhiyo AdikAla pAne vAlI prANa sAmagrI kA vizleSaNa kara yA mAdhya sAmagrI kI bora kasa karake bhAdikAta garA vizAla biyA hai| bAlokoM ne diyavevI kI mAdikA matiyAM dekhI hai| bAlokoM kA kahanA ki mAvikA pukArane 0 n eat pUrI bii| ARE UPA ko - diI kA pArA rAka gaharayAsana hindI kAmagAra paramparAmArAmArI :

Page #42
kI isakI sama asaMgatiyAM daraka metiiN| isa kAla para AdhArita sAmagrI ko hI divavedI jI isa kAla kI nahIM batalAte aura apane tarka kI puSTi ke lie zukla jI kA yaha uddharaNa dete hai ki : "dUsarI bAta isa AdikAla ke sambandha meM dhyAna dene kI yaha hai ki isa kAla kI jo sAhityika sAmagrI prApta hai usameM kucha to asaMdigdha hai aura kucha saMdigdha / ase diAdha sAmagrI jo kucha prApta hai usakI bhASA apAra yA prANavAbhAsa hindI hai|" isa taraha AcArya divavedI kA apaga ko purAnI hindI kahane kA vicAra pUrNa bhASA-zAstrIya tathA vaijJAnika nahIM bctaa| apazako hindI mAnane kA virodha ve karate hai ki- * apaca ko purAnI hindI ksane kA vicAra mA strIya aura vaijJAnika nahIM hai| bhASA zAstra ke artha meM jise hama hindI kahate hai vaha isa sAhityika aba sIdhe vikaSita nahIM huI hai| bapa ko aba koI bhI purAnI hindI nahIM khtaa|' dUsarI ora bhAvArya dvivedI jaina iniyoM evaM sidhoM ke apAMca sAhitya ke maAdhAra para hindI ke mAdikAla kA bhaya nirmANa karanA cAhate hai aura ve isa bAta kI sAmagrI ko do vargoM vibhAjita karate hai| 1. eka bA, yo sAhityika apa meM likSita hai| 1- isarI bA, yo loka bhASA yA maro mAme kI huI bhAga para dusare varga kI ramAnoM mUla rUpa mA parivati aura viyo gara hai| ina madhi grantha kA / isa prakAra do rAste sAmane bAta.. (0 gAMva ko prAcIna hindI mAnakara mAra ramamAvoM bAdhAra paramAvikAta mAvi manAe / (" bAbA mAlika ho yA sAhityika se dI pimma ghoSita karane kI ramAprApAra para hindI bhAvikAsa ko banAe rakhane ga vivAra / ma pAlI rAja svIkAra ho gayI 'svIkAra karakhA mA bo bhI sAdI 10 vI vAivIAi gayA hai| rAdhI

Page #43
bhI isa tathya kA samarthana karate haiN| 1 15 parantu svayaM vivedajI ne apane ukta vicAroM kA parihAra apane nae pravacana meM kara diyA hai| ataH isa tathya meM aba adhika asaMgati kI guMjA sa nahIM raha jaatii| phira bhI DA0 hajArI prasAda dvivavedI jI ne AdikAla nAmakaraNa se apabhraMza aura hindI ke prAcInatama sAhitya kI saMbhAvya sthiti kA samAveza kiyA hai aura prArambhika sAhitya ko AdikAla meM sthAnadekara usakI gutthiyoM ko bahuta kucha sulabhA diyA hai| unhoMne isakA nAma AdikAla ke alAvA bhakti yuga taka madhyakAla bhI diyA hai| jisameM ve se0 1300 se 0 1700 taka ke sAhitya kA samAhAra kara lete haiN| vAstava meM AdikAla kI sAmagrI marakSita kyoM raha gaI usakI kahAnI batalAte hue DA0 hajArIprasAda jI bivedI ne vistAra se likhA hai ki caudahavIM zatAbdI se pUrva jitanI bhIprAmANika racanAeM milatI hai, ve saba sAhitika apabhraMza kI hai| loka bhASA yA hindI bhASI pradeza meM isa yuga kI eka bhI racanA kyoM nahIM upalabdha hotI? isake uttara meM dvivedI jI ne kilA hai ki "prAkRta prasaMga yaha hai ki gADabAra rAjA kuru meM apane ko isa pradeza kI janatA se bhinna aura viziSTa bane rahane kI pravRtti ke kAraNa devI mAyA aura usake sAhitya ko nahIM de sake aura yahI kAraNa hai ki jahAM taka unakA rAjyayA vahI taka koI dezI bhASA kA sAhitya surakSita nahIM raha sakA / -- dAmodara bhaTTa ke ukti vyakti prakaraNa kI varSA prathama vyAkhyAna meM kI jA cukI hai| ye praviva mAhavAra rAjA govinda ke bA paMDita the| aisA anumAna kiyA gayA hai kiyaha pustaka rAjakumAroM ko kAzI- kAmyakuja kI bhASA sikhAne ke uddezya se kisI gaI thii| yahI se isa vaMDa meM devI bhASA kI jara ne kI pravRtti AI thii| AdikAlIna hindI sAhitya ke aravita raha jAye kI yahI kahAnI hai| parantu DA0 hajArI prasAda jI ne govindra ko dezI bhASAoM kA dAtA batAyA hai kyoMki isake sabhI paMDita dAmodara bhaTTa ne rAjakumAroM ko devI 1- hindI kAvya hai mAra paramparA aura mahAkavi bihArIH DA0 i (a) pariviSTa, prathama / 1- devi-hindI zAyAryamivedI vitIya prathama /

Page #44
bhASA simAneke lie ukti vyakti prakaraNa kI racanA kii| govindandrakA zAsana kAla san 1914-1154 6. thaa| : gahar3avAra nareze kI dezI bhASAmoM ke prati upekSA mevata 101. I. me 1154. taka arthAt 4 varSa taka ka rhii| para yaha AzcaryakArI ghaTanA lAtI hai ki upekSA ke kAraNa dasavIM se 14vIM vAdiyoM taka sArA sAhitya naSTa ho gyaa| phira yaha bhI to sambhava hai ki zAsaka varga ne kI naye sAhitya sRjama ke prati upekSA kI ho, parantu race gae sAhitya kA meM naSTa ho jAmA asvAbhAvika sA pratIta hotA hai| divavedI jI kI yaha dhAraNA bhI sambhavataH pAca zodha kI apekSA rakhatI hai ki ina gAra batAvikoM meM madhyadeza meM racita kucha bhI sAhitya nahIM milaa| ukti vyakti prakaraNa prAkRta paigalana meM Aye hue chandoM kI racanA kA to svAM divavedI, ne hI ullA diyA hai| isake atirikta aura bhI kavi isa yuga meM / para unakI bhASA dezI na hokara apaja kI hai| isake kAraNa bhI spaSTa hai / usa samaya dezI yA hindI kA vikAsa hI nahIM hunA thA . usameM sAhitya racanA kA prazna hI nahIM utthtaa| usa yuga kI loka bhASA kA pramANa ukti vyakti prakaraNa hai| jisakI bhASA apaca hai| 6T* vivedI ne yaha svIkAra kiyA hai ki- vastutaH 14vIM batAbdI ke pahale mI pApA kA pa hindI bhASI pradezoM meM kyA aura kaisA thA, isakA nirNaya karane yogya mAhityamAna upAya nahIM ho rahA hai| adhika prAmANika prAcIna islAmiti praya aura vikAtA mAvihI usa bhASA paricaya mila katA hai| mAya isakA aisA sAhitya upalabdha nahIM hai bo kA zilAlekha aura na ( uti vyakti prakarama) mila jAte hai| batAte hai ki yAra maya kI aura bosamAta kI bhASA meM batna madoM ga prabAra bar3hane kamA pA para isa meM hI prAdhAnya thaa|' mAToko bhAna hai ki dasavIM bAbI se baudAvIM patAbdI taka racitra bhAMza kI zAki prAmAvimA, vibhinna mapaka zilA aura hindI kI kamI prAmANika racanA bhAva bahI siddha karatA hai ki jisa hindI kA -hindI gAya mAgita- bAbA mArI prasAda divedI, himatIya prbn|

Page #45
AtikAla kahane kA loga kara rahe haiM vaha vantataH apabhraMza kA prauDhakAla hai|aacaary hajArI prasAda jI hindI kI jina ajJAta nAmAracanAoM ke bojane kI cintA meM ulo hue hai vastutaH ye kamI nirmita huI hI nhiiN| parantu vAstava meM divavedI jI ne upalabdha sAhityakA jitanA vizleSaNa kyiA hai vaha bahuta vaijJAnika aura paryApta sulabhA huA hai| mAlokoM kI ina prAtiyoM kA nirAkaraNa prastuta grantha kI upalabdhioM aura kArya divavedI jI kendiI sAhitya manndha ke navInatama saMskaraNa meM prakAzita unake mulajhe hue vicAroM se ho jAtA hai| (3)- uttara apaja kAla, AvirbhAva kAla athavA prAraMbhika kAla vastuta: ukta samI takoM kA adhyayana karane para isa niSkarSa para pahuMcate hai ki ukta mAmoM meM mAdikAla kA savAgINa svacya prastuta karane vAlA aura apara tathA dezI pAbAnoM ke sabhI sAhitya kA samApana karane vAlA koI nAma nahIMprApta hotaa| vAstava meM AcArya pula jI ke anusAra mammoM kI saMkhyA aura unakI mukhyapravRttiyoM ko hI bhAra mAna kara nAmakaraNa miyA gAya, to AdikAla kI upalamatha navIna sAmagrI ke AdhAra para yaha kahanAI ho sakatI hai| ___ hA prayoM kI sakhyA kA praNa diI jaina sAhitya kI racanAeM maikar3oM kI saMkhyA meM upalabdha hotI aura pravRtiyAM aura grandhoM kI pravidhiyoM ko dekhakara mAsiAla kA mAmAraka banA bahuta hI saba hai| Aja vAcArya rAma candra ikla hote ho nAdikAla kA nAmakaraNa yAvita jaina-kAla yA jaina-ama kara sakate the, paramtu isanI vizAla yAdI jaina racanA prApta hone para bhI sidhoM, mAoM, jenevara kaviyoM evaM kraya, avadhI bA mAvI kI rasanAnoM kA samyaka dhUlyAMkana honA paramAvaNyA dRSTi se jaina yuga Adi jaina kAla mAma mAdAnikI hogaparantu kyoMki adhikAra banAeM dehI bhASA kI hI milatI hai aura dIpAvAgI rA nAma ustara para hai : AvikAsakA mAmasarana uttara-apa-TE kara sakate hai| kyoMki isameM abhaya uttaravartI svama kA pratinidhitva karane vAlI siyoM, mAnoM avadhI, aba, maithilI kI, prAcIna rAjasthAnI gIra pUnI barAbI mizI mI mAnoM T Twr lAkha

Page #46
kiyA jAsakatA hai| nAmakaraNa kI kaThinAI ko aura adhika saralatA dene ke lie AdikAla kA nAmakaraNa- AvirbhAva kAla- athavA prArambhika kAla - mI kyiA jA sakatA hai| parantu - AvirbhAva kAla- aura prArambhika kAla Aditi ke hI paryAya ko jaayeNge| ataH usameM AviSAva kAla aura prArambhika kAla Adi nAmoM kA saralatA se bAhara kiyA jA sakatA hai| AdikAla kI sImAeM: uttara apara kI racanAmoM kI upalabdhiyoM ke AdhAra para AdikAla kI sImAnoM kA nidhAraNa kiyA jA sakatA hai| aprabhaMza apanA nirmoka 10vIM zatAbdI se hI badalanA prArambha kara detI hai usameM dezI bhASAmoM ko gatizIla banAne ke tatva parilakSita hote hai| sAtha hI dezI bhASAnoM kI lokapriyatA aurausameM sAhitya kI varjanA rItA se prArambha hone lagatI hai| isa prakAra ke uttara kAla meM mAne vAlI devI mAkAnI kI sabase prAcIna racanAoM kA vIM tAbdI sahI milanA prArampa ho jAtA hai| isI prakAra vastutaH vivadha bhakti kAlIna racanAeM upalabdha hotI hai vahIM se bhaktikAta kA prArambha mAnA jA sakatA hai| kabIra ke samaya ke sambandha meM do sthiti abhI bhI bigata pAnI pAnI parantu unake ziSya dharmadAsa kA samaya vo 01557 mizvina aura kyoMki mIra dharmadAsa aura pIra se hI pati padolana kA prArambha mAmA nAga / dharmadAsa varSa pUrva se hI parikhakAla kImatiyoM kA prArambha mAnA jA sakA hai| zaka meM bhI kamIra ko hI parimAla kA prArambhika kavi mA mAmA hai vAstava meM AdikAla kI sImAnoM ko bhaktikAla se jor3ane vAle pramukha kavi vIra dI prastuta prabaMdha meM mAvikAla kI bImA..... .. mAnI gaI hai| yo sAmAnyatA pakti kI pravRtiyoM kA porane vAlI kRtiyoM ke bIja bo uttara apAra kI ina ranAmoM kI milA kyoM ki vainiyoM aura siiyo mAdigamya adhikAra bAdhyAtma bhAvanA aura bhaniya prabo mantrika pArI una RSiyoM ko patikA meM milane vAlI mAyA vikAsa

Page #47
mahIM kahA jA sktaa| AdikAla meM milane vAle dhAraNa kAvyoM aura vIra pUrA bhUlaka gItoM ke sambandha meM vizvAnoM dvArA paryApta prakAza DAlA jA cukaahai| ataH unake sambandha meM kisI bhI saMcaya ko sthAna denA roka nahIM hai| isake atirikta uttara apaza se udbhUta una sabhI devI pApAoM kI racanA kA vizleSaNa isa kAla ke *targata kiyA gayA hai jinake pravRttimUlaka tatva mAna hai aura jo AdikAlIna pravRttiyoM kA pratinidhitva karatI hai| ata: AdikAla meM paTAkSepa kI sUcaka aura bhaktikAla ke prArambha kI pratIka vibhAjana rekhA 5vIM zatAbdI ke uttarAIva se hI saralatA se gIMnI jA sakatI hai| sAtha hI kyoM ki vIM zatAbdI se purAnI hindI ke moM ko prastuta karane vAlI kisI bhI pradeza kI deza bhASA palisI azyAvadhi koI kAnAtmaka tathA kalAtmaka racanA nahIM upalabdha huI hai, ataH dezI bhASA ke sampanna bhaviSya ko sUcita karane vAlI uttara apAtra yA purAnI hindI kA prAraMbha 1vIM zatAdI se mAnA jA sakatA hai| hindI se tAtparya : vartamAna bhAratIya Arya bhASAmoM meM hindI sabase pramukha bhASA hai| sAmAnyata: hidIvAtparya madhyadeza kI pAyA hai| madhya kSa vAstava meM aneka choTe choTe mana padoM meM vibhakta ra ma mana padoM kA vyaktitva hindI kI pradhAna koliyoM ke ma dezA jAmA hindI ko bamako lie madhya deva na bana * payoM ko samajhanA bhI bhAva hai dI bhAga bhUla gagana para gadi bicAra diyA gAya ko kI golI kI isakA pratinikikara dI hai parantu aisA karanA hindI liyA hai| vAsarAva dI aneka prAdezika evaM dezI vibhASAoM bA boliyoTA yo diI kI aneka boliyA pracalita zrI ramakA adhyana bhAyA hai| isa motiyoM ke atirikSa meM prAcIna vizeSatAeM jIvana ke pratyeka deza meM dezI vA sannI hai| madhya deza ke jina pradezoM kA samodI kI aneka goliyoM kA upayoga hogAthA dhAna janapada..

Page #48
2. paMcAla 3- zUrasena 4- kosala 5- kAzI 6- videha 7- magadha 8- aMga 9- dakSiNa kosala 10. vatsa 11- vaidi 12- avaMtI 13- matsya 20 (kannauja) (Aja) (avadhI) (bhojapurI) (maithilI) (magahI) (elsI sagar3I) (bolI) (jubelI) (mAlavI) (jayapurI) bahuta sambhava hai ki kucha prAcIna janapada aura hoM parantu unakA ullekha hI na milatA ho sAtha hI ina prAcIna janapadoM meM kucha nAma saMvitha bhI hoN| jaba ina janapadoM meM hindI ke rUpa meM jo sAhityika bhASA milatI hai vaha bar3I bolI hai| kSetra saba janapadIya vimAkArya ana hindI kI sahAyaka boliyAM jAna raha gaI hai| bolI ke pIche kucha sAMskRtika aura aitihAsika kAraNa usakA itihAsa banAte calate hai| jI taka hindI kA prazna hai vaha phArasI da kyoMki saMskRta meM - dhvani kAravI meM ho jAtI hai| isI taraha hinda, hindI, aura hindU tInoM va videziyoM kI dena hai prAcIna samaya meM hindI se tatparya madhyadeza kI inhIM arette feerera hai hai kiyA jAtA thA, para kAlAntara meM bar3I bolI hI hindI kA kisma bana gaI hai| kI sImAeM ****** hindI mAyA kA prayoga yo do bhAratIya bhAva pApA kI kisI

Page #49
bhASA ke lie kiyA jAsakatA hai parantu jahA taka hindI kI bhaugolika sImAoM kA prazna hai, Ajakala yaha bhASA pramukhataH madhyadeza meM hI adhikatara prayukta hotI hai| moTe rupa meM ndiI kI bhaugolika sImAeM isa prakAra hai. uttara meM vimalA nepAla aura pahAr3I praveza, dakSita meM rAyapura, pUrva meM bhAgalapura aura pazcima meM jaisalamera ko liyA jAtA hai| isa pUre bhU bhAga meM pramukha bhASA hindI hI hai| ina vipinna pradezoM meM aneka vibhASAeM bhI hai| ye vibhAkara hindI kI upabhAmApaM hai| hindI bhASI karor3oM kI ma saMkhyA meM hai| vAstava meM hindI kA parisara bar3A vizAla hai isake pAsa bhaneka boliyAM aura hindI kI upabhASAeM jinase isake sAhitya ne paryApta sampannatA prApta kI hai| hindI zabda kA prayoga janatAmeM isI bhASA ke artha meM kiyA jAtA hai| kintu sAtha hI isa pUmi mAga kI - grAmINa boliyoM- jaise bhAkhAr3I braja, chattIsagar3hI, maithilI Adi ko tathA prAcIna hiMgalA dabI, braja, avadhI tathA maithilI Adi sAhityika pAyAoM ko bhI hindI mAkA kehI antargata mAnA jAtA hai| DA. dhIrendra varmA ne hindI bhASA kI ina maugolika sImAoM aura hindI kI upAliyoM kA atyanta vaijJAnika paricaya diyA hai| unoMne hindI kI prAmINa goliyA, uI hindustAnI tathA anya vibhAgAnoM bar3I bolI, bAgA, brajabhASA, kannaujI, dilI, avadhI, batI, chattIsagar3ha, bhojapurI, pitI magahI rAjasthAnI, mAravAr3I vapurI, mevAtI, mAlavI pahAr3I vibhASAmoga hindI me zaniSTa samparka kiyaa| vastutaH ina barvamAna bhASAoM kI utpatti ke mUla meM apaja mAnA hai| ga. dhIrendra varmA ne aurasenI ba ldiI , rAjasthAnI, gujarAtI bIra pahAr3I pApA kA saca batAyA hai| inameM se gujarAtI rAjasthAnI tathA pahAr3I bhASAoM kA panya viSayA auranI nAgara apaca km| kiArI, baMgalA, mAdhAnI, aura ramiyA kA sambandha mAgatha apaca hai| pUrvI hindI kA adhamAgadhI apakA parAga kA pArAmI apane sambandha hai| aba basamAna pazcimottarI pASAoM kA pU rA gyaa| bhArata ke isa vimAma rimA gaI mAhirikAmahIM milA nidhI zima yAro ko amara kA bArA

Page #50
22 abazya hai| lahaMdA ke lie eka kaikaya apAza kI kalpanA kI jA sakatI hai| yaha prAca apava se milatI julatI rahI hogii| paMjAbI kA sambandha bhI kaikaya apaza se hI mAnA jAtA hai kintu bAda kA isa para aurasenI kA prabhAva bahuta par3A hai| pahAr3I bhASAoM ke lie basa apakSa kI kalpanA kI gaI hai| kintu bAba ko ye rAjasthAnI se bahuta prabhAvita ho gii| isa prakAra ina upavibhASAoM aura amAja ke uttarakAlIna svakhyoM se hindI kI pravIna aura avAcIna sImAeM nirdhArita kI jAtI hai| jahAM taka madhyadeza kI sImAoM kA prazna hai, dUsare sa meM ve hindI kI hI sImAeM hai| bhASA satya kI dRSTi se DA. priyarsana aura sunI timAra baTI ne bhI Adhunika Arya bhASAoM ke vargIkaraNa prastuta kie hai| DA. priyasana ne pUrvI hindI aura pazcimI hindI ke vargata hindI kA vibhAjana kiyA hai aura paMjArI gujarAtI,nIlI,mAnadezI, rAjasthAnI aura pazcimI hindI ko eka varga meM rakhA hai| isI barA baTI mahodaya ne bhI gujarAtI ko pravImA antargata, aura madhyadezIya ke antargata rAjasthAnI, parivamI hindI, pUrvI hindI, vidyArI aura pahAr3I pApoM ko sthAna diyA hai| vastutaH prAdezika vipAkAoM aura hindI kI boliyoM ko pare rakhakara hindI bhASA kI bImAeM nidhArita kI gAyeM, bhI hindI sAhityika inTi adhika magadha ho sakatI hai| hAvIrendra varmA ne madhyadeza kI sImAnoM meM banI gujarAtI ko nahIM liyA hai parantu gujarAba para rAjasthAna kA aMga rahA aura lI bAbI pUrva gujarAta aura rAjasthAna meM kahI bhASA motI bApI sii| mAya kI bhAbhI rAjasthAna aura gujarAta meM koko banda eka hI prakAra hai| aba isa inTi hindI kI bImA nirdhArita kI gAya ko dI sAhitya ke AdikAla kA zAsini pAnA mAgecA banA hindI bhASA kI sImAeM nidhArita karane lie adhyakSa prAcIna janapadoM kI vibhASAoM kA samAveza vihibIbA tikI gAya

Page #51
23 to uttara apane kAla saM0 1000 se hI hindI kA udUbhava svIkAra karanA hogA sAtha hI saMkrAtikAla kI racanAeM bhI hindI ke antargata hI kI jaaegii| saM0 1000 se pUrva kI Thosa koI sAhityika kRti upalabdha nahIM hotI / vastutaH hindI kI aitihAsika paramparAeM nirdhArita karane ke lie hindI kI prAdezika bhASAoM kA mUlyAkana parama Avazyaka pratIta hotA hai| purAnI hindI kI ina vibhASAoM meM hindI ke pramukha rUpa se sampanna banAne vAlI vibhASAoM meM pramukha hai- prAcIna rAjasthAnI, jUnI gujarAtI, bar3I bolI mAlavI, braja aura avadhI / ye saba vibhASAeM apana se hI udbhUta huI hai para BT0 dhIrendra varmA kA kahanA hai-" zaurasenI Adi anya pakSoM tathA prAkRtoM ke sambandha meM bhI merI yahI kalpanA hai baurasenI prAkRta tathA apa se Adhunika paMjAbI, rAjasthAnI, gujarAtI tathA pazcimI hindI nikalI ho, yaha samajha meM nahIM mAyA caurasenI prAkRta tathA apabhraMza rasena pradeza arthAt Ajakala ke ja pradeza kI usa samaya boliyoM ke AdhAra para banI huI sAhityika bhASA rahI hoNgii| sAtha hI usa kAla meM anya pradezoM meM bhI Ajakala kI bhASAoM tathA boliyoM ke pUrva rUpa pracalita rahe hoNge| jinakA prayoga sAhitya meM na hone ke kAraNa unake avazeSa bhana hameM nahIM mila skte| Ajakala bhI ThIka aisI hI paristhiti | Aja bIsavIM sadI IsavI meM bhAgalapura taka samasta gaMgA kI ghATI meM kevala eka sAhityika bhASA hiMdI hai jisakA mUlAdhAra meraTha bijanaura pradeza kI bar3I bolI hai kiMtu sAtha hI mAravAr3I, braja bhASA avadhI, bhojapurI bundelI mAdi aneka boliyAM apane apane pradeza meM maujUda hai| sAhitya meM prayoga na hone ke kAraNa bIsavIM sadI kI ima aneka boliyoM ke namUne bhaviSya meM nahIM mila skeN| kevala bar3I bolI hindI ke namUne hI jIvita raha skeNge| kintu isa kAraNa pAMca sau varSa bAda yaha kAmA kahI upayukta hogA ki kyA bAdI meM gaMgA kI ghATI meM pAI jAne bAlI umara moThiyAM vahI motI hindI se nikalI hai| usa samaya uttara bhArata kI samasta makAnoM meM bar3I bolI hindI gaMgA kI ghATI kI ke nikaTa rahI hogI, kintu yaha to dUsarI bAta huii| ' mega: isase spaSTa hotA hai ki dillI kI bhI seniklI sirahindIkA kA bhAga)pAda-TippaNI na kA

Page #52
24 hai| ataH hindI kI derI pAkAoM meM prAcIna rAjasthAnI, jUnI gujarAtI, mAlavI tathA braja, avadhI Adi ko sthAna diyA hai aura isakA aitihAsika dRSTi me mahatva spaSTa hai ki apaga gyoM hI sAhityika baMdhanoM meM kasa gaI, purAnI hindI ina vibhinna dezI bhASAoM ke rUpa meM ujhuka huii| isa dRSTi se saM0 1000 se hI hindI kAprArambha mAnanA caahie| yo vibhinna vidvAna hindI ke udabhava ke sambandha meM vIM vIM zatAbdI hI batalAte hai| parantu ina kRtiyoM aura dezI bhASA kI ina racanAoM ke AdhAra para yaha saralatA se kahA jA sakatA hai|ki hindI kI utpatti 1- (a) sunIti kumAra caTarjI- yaha mAlUma nahIM par3atA ki yaha hindI ThIka ThIka kauna sI bolIdhI para bAba sambhabaki yaha brajabhASA yA pazcakAlIna hindustAnI ke sadazya meM hokara bArahavIM sadI meM pracalita sarvasAdhAraNakI bAhityika aparahI rahI ho, kyoMki vIM vIM sadI IsavIM taka hameM hindI yA nduistAnI ke darSana nahIM hote| bhAratIya AryapASA aura hindI-prathama saMskaraNa, pR.10TY. 178-1001 (ka) zrI rAhula 'sAlyAna- hama aba purAne kaviyoM kI bhASA ko hindI kaho hai, to isa para marAThI, ur3iyA,maMgalA, AgAmI gorakhA, paMjAbI, gujarAtI, bhASA vibhASiyoM ko Apatti ho sakatI hai| unameM bhI use apanA kahane kA utanA hI adhikAra hai jitanA hindI bhASA bhASiyoM ko| bastara meM sArI Adhanika bhASAeM bArahavIM terahavIM zAdI meM apanA alaga hotI bIsa pdd'ii| hindI kAvya pArA. - (kitAba mahala) / (8) nA.jArI prasAda divavedI-hemacandrAcArya nevI prakAra kI apayazapAyAnoM kI bAkI hai.dusarI bebI kI bhASAko hemacandra nemAmba kahA hai|vsttH bar3I pAkA mArga banakara bAmika dezI bhASAyoM ke rUpa meM vinitI hindI sAhitya .. (ba) zrIramA harI-purAnI apanA aura prA mitrI aura pikI rAnI hindI sAvikakI mAvoM meM bArambI apanoM kI pradhAnabAsI aura phira bA purAnI hindI meM parimita kohI purAnI dI, mA eart, totr... .. / (1) ET. udaya nArAbavivArI-isa prakAra candrahavIM baTI baka bhAratIya Arya bhASA Adhunika kALa padArpaNa kara kI pI aura bAbA hemacandra ke pazcAta rahavIM to prArambhabAnika bhAratIya mArya bhASAoM ke adhyakSya ke sapIsIpUrvamakAkAla kAntikAla thA, jisameM bhAratIya Arva pApApIre revakI sthiti ko chor3akara Adhunika kAla kI vimAnasohI bAhI thii| pIpA kA rahasava aura vikAsa-bhAratI mahAra,ilAhAbAda-1956 () DAH rApa mAra varmA- apaca ke jar3a ho jAne kI avasthA kA ThIka samaya nitinahI kiyA jAsakA anumAnataH yaha samaya .....mArakA hai| aneka sthAnoboke jAne vAle pAMca aneka prakAra kI pApAyoM meM parivAra homaprAgadAra bAbar3a nidhIbAgakA bAbAsAgarabA auratI apAradI barAmI.rAjasthAnI aura bAbIko vikA . mAgI rogakA. mihArI.bAtAbI.aura mAnI pUvI dobArAtI bimaa|

Page #53
25 nizcita rUpa se saM0 1000 ke lagabhaga huI isa vakSya kI puSTi meM DA0 dhIrendra varmA kA yaha mata yahI dUdhakha kiyA jA sakatA hai| "kisI bhASA ke sAhitya meM vyavar3ata hone ke yogya banane meM kucha samaya lagatA hai| isa bAta ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue ha kahanA anucita na hogA ki madhyakAlIna bhAratIya Arya-mAvAoM ke antima rUpa apa se tRtIya kAla kI Adhunika bhAratIya Arya bhASAoM kA AvirbhAva dasavIM zatAbdI IsavI ke lagabhaga huA hogaa| bhArata kI rAjanItika uthala puthala meM isI samaya eka smaraNIya ghaTanA huI thI / 1000 I0 ke lagabhaga hI mahamUda gajanavI ne bhArata para prathama AkramaNa kiyA thaa| ina Adhunika bhAratIya bhASAoM meM hamArI hindI bhASA bhI sammilita hai, ataH usakA janmakAla bhI dasavIM zatAbdI IsavI ke lagabhaga mAnanA hogA" / ataH yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki aitihAsika dRSTi se hindI bhASA kI sImAeM 11vIM zatAbdI se hI prArambha ho jAtI hai| yo arthamaMtra ke uttara svarUpa meM zaurasenI apabhraMtra tathA nAgara ayameva ke purAnI hindI ke antargata Ane vAlI devI ferrera vizeSa rUpa se prAcIna rAjasthAnI, braja, avadhI aura jUnI gujarAtI Adi ko janma dene meM bar3A yoga diyA hai| ata: aitihAsika dRSTi se ina devI mAvAoM ko purAnI hindI meM sthAna denA samIcIna hogaa| dUsare zabdoM meM yaha spaSTa kahA jA sakatA hai ki purAnI hindI kI ina vAdikAlIna racanAoM meM prAcIna rAjasthAnI pUnI gujarAtI, braja mAlavI Adi vibhASAoM kI racanAoM kA vizlena kiyA jAnA cAhie aura isa vikAsa kI sabhI raktAvoM ko hindI rgata kiyA jAnA atyanivArya hai ke hamArA udezya yaha kevala hindI ke vikAsa se haiva se kisa prakAra hindI kA sUtrapAta huA, yahI hameM dekhanA hai| meda se to nAgara yA zaurasenI a bane makAnoM meM riTa huI kintu kAvya athavA rIti veda se vaha do gAyoM meM vibhAjita huI pahalI kA nAma DiMgala hai aura dUsarI kA pigaMla / DiMgala rAjasthAna kI sAhityika bhAvA kA nAma par3A, aura piMgala pradeza kI sArika mAyA kA naam| vahIM se hamArI hindI kI utpatti hotI hai|hindii kA AlocanAtmaka itihAsa- 2043-44 / 1- hindI bhASA kA itihAsa- DA0 dhIrendra varmA pR0 11

Page #54
jo bhI ho, apava aura hindI kI ina janapadIya racanAoM ke bIca vibhAjana relA prAcIna rAjasthAnI, jUnI gujarAtI mA braja kI AdikAla kI jaina ajaina kRtiyoM duvArA saralatA se sIMcI jA sakatI hai| ataH prastuta prabandha meM inhIM racanAoM ko AdhAra mAnakara hindI ke udabhava sUcaka sAhitya para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| / AdikAla sambandhI aba taka hue kArya kA saMkSipta paricaya / / - AdikAla para aneka vidvAnoM ne prakAza DAlA hai| isa vidvAnoM ivArA lisI AdikAla sambandhI jitanI bhI sAmagrI isa samaya upalabdha hai use sarvathA pUrNa nahIM kahA jA sakatA kyoM ki zodha vijJAna ke siddhAntoM kI taraha sthira nahIM hotI usake mAyAma badalate rahate hai| phira bhI bhayAvadhi, AdikAla sambandhI jo bhI prakAzita sahAyaka prastha milate hai inakA vizleSaNAtmaka paricaya diyA jA sakatA hai| inameM se kucha pranyo AdikAla sambandhI hindI jaina kAvyoM ke pAsa prakAzita kie ge| aura ku bAlocanAtmaka vicAroM meM paripUrNa hai| inake dvArA AdikAla kI hI sthiti kA kitanA mUlyAMkana ho sakatA hai vaha kahanA to kaThina hai parantu inameM kucha masaMgatiyoM aura prabhAvoM ko epa bhI anya prAdhikAra sambandhI mahatvapUrNa sAmagrI hAmI avazya ko paayge| inameM se pra granthoM kA paricaya isa prakAra :(1) prAcIna gurjara kAmba saMgraha yaharacanA purAnI hindI kI hai| isako svargIya sIdhI lAla ne samyAdita kara prakAzita kiyA thaa| bapi zrI lAla ne isameM sampAdita aura saMkalita pAThoM ko gujarAtI kA mA parantu bAsta bamA purAnI hindI yA prAcIna rAjasthAnI bA bUmI guNarAvI kI hai| ma na ko kavi ne pakSya saMgraha, gadya saMgraha yA basa palTio rimAdikAla kI pramukha pramukha 15 padaya racanAmoM * gahaba rakhamAnI thA rabamAnoM para prakAra DhAtA hai jinameM zilAlekhapI sammilita hai| banA pAya mAtvapUrNa hai| inameM se adhikAra rakhamAoM kA vistRta - .. prAcIna purjara kAya hA gAnA moriNTA . . 19.

Page #55
27 sAhityika vivecana prastuta grantha meM kiyA gayA hai| vivecana:- isanA hote hue bhI prastuta racanA ke pATha vaijJAnika rUpa se sampAdita nahIM ho sake / asaH kaI sthAnoM meM artha samajhanA kaSTa sAdhya ho jAtA hai| ataH isakA vaijJAnika saMskaraNa aura pATha sampAdana honA parama Avazyaka hai| yauM racanA paryApta mahatva kI hai| aitihAsika dRSTi se bhI isakA apanA yogadAna spaSTa hai| (2) jaina gurjara kaviyoM bhAga 1,2,3: prastuta pustaka ke prastotA hai, zrI mohanalAla valIcanda desAI desAI jI ne isako tIna bhAgoM meM prakAzita kiyA hai| tIsare bhAga ke do sanhoM meM vibhakta kara diyA hai| isa taraha desAIjI ne isa grantha ko bAra jildoM meM prakAzita kiyA hai| samUha rUpa meM ye racanAeM sambata 1100 se unnIsavIM zatAbdI taka kI vibhinna jaina ajaina thanDAroM meM milane vAlI racanAoM kI vaijJAnika nAmAvalI hai jisameM AdikAla se 19vIM zatAbdI taka kI istalikhita racanAoM kA sundara saMkalana hai| gujarAta aura rAjasthAna ke lagabhaga samasta bhaDAroM kI kRtiyoM kA sahaja saMkSipta saMkalana prastuta kara desAI jI ne zodha ke kSetra meM bar3I sahAyatA kI hai| desAI jI ne pratyekakRti kA prApti sthAna samaya vivaraNa mAdi vaijJAnika DhaMga se dekara usake pAsa ke Adi anya kara sthiti ko aura adhika sulaphA diyA hai| hindI jaina sAhitya maiM me ke kisI mIkAla kI prAcIna jaina hastavita pratiyoM kI zodha karate samaya ina tInoM baMDoM kI upekSA karanA ekadama asambhava hai| prastuta kRti ke tInoM sanhoM meM desAI jI ne samasAmAyika pratiyoM kA parivadrdhanakara racanAoM ko aura adhika sArapUrNa jamA diyA hai| vastutaH ye tInoM sa desAI jI ke jIvana kI sAdhanA ke tIna mahatvapUrNa sopAna hai| yaha tIna jaina svetAmbara kA bAmbe se prakAzita hue haiN| 3- ApanA kaviyoM: gujarAtI bhASA meM kisI iIvaha kRSi AdikAlIna jaina ajaima racanAoM kA antareas after detI hai| isake kaizavarAma kAzIrAma vAlmI, racanA ara aftkyUlara DosAvaTI ahamadAbAda se prakAzita huI hai| zAstrI ne narasiMga ke pahale ke prAcIna marA ke sAhitya gaurjara ke prAcIna vADIvAna, sAvArya dravAtvika apa, rAsayuga

Page #56
28 14vIM 15vIM zatAbdI kA gadya aura gadyakAra tathA vibhinna pariziSToM ke antargata prantha kA samApana kiyA hai| vivecana : (1) vAstrI jI ne jaina jainezara, prasiddha lagabhaga sabhI racanAoM para vivaraNAtmaka or prakAza DAlA hai| tathA AdikAlIna lagabhaga ina sabhI kRtiyoM ko jUnI, gujarAtI kA siddha kiyA hai, jo asaMgata hai| yaha kRti kisI bhI zodha snAtaka ke lie nirdezana to kara sakatI hai parantu isase use ina kRtiyoM ko vizuddha gujarAtI mAnane kA prama bhI ho sakatA hai| (1) vAstrI jI ne bhaMDAroM meM prApta tatkAlIna pramukha kRtiyoM ke pramukha uddharaNa de dekara usake pATha kI sampannatA kI ora iMgita mAtra to avazya kiyA hai parantu vaha apUrNa hai| unhoMne racanAoM kI aitihAsikatA siddha karane kA prayAsa adhika kiyA hai| hI kucha AlocanAeM avazya vaijJAnika kahI jAsakatI hai| ina kRtiyoM kA sAhityika vizleSaNa aura sAhityika viziSTatAoM para zAstrI jI ne prakAza bilkula nahIM DAlA hai| ataH kRti vivaraNAtmaka adhika ho gaI hai| kRti ke pariziSTa upayogI 1 (1) zAstrI jI ne pUrI kRti meM jUnI marAThI mAvA kI svataMtra satyA sthApita karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai aura gaurjara apa kI mahattA para prakAza DAlA hai| ke0kA zAstrIne 1942 hI vikrama 0 15vIM taka ke pramukha kaviyoM para prakAra DAlA hai| (4) jahA taka bhASA kA prazna hai, Demacandra kI patra ke sambandha meM vidvAnoM meM bar3A garAyeda hai| DA0 priyarsana ke ga ne hemacandra ke mata ko nAgara apane batAyA, DA0 moDhArakara apa kA krama hI off zatAbdI meM braja bhASA pradeza meM huA mAnate hai| DA0 0pI0DInendra kI apa ko zaurasenI apabhraMza mAnA hai R 1- George Grierson on the Modern Indo Aryan Vernaculars P63 20 dekhi mAyA kAmika pravacana dvArA kI ni0 201 2- purAnI rAjasthAnI- anuvaka DA mAnavarahi 056- nAgarI pracAriNI sabhA - kAzI

Page #57
2 30ema0 muzI kA mata hai ki: "eka namAnA gajaba aurasnI apazagata meM bhI prazalita 2ii DA0 munI timAra vaTI hemacandra donoM ko paznamI apabhraMza kI racanAe~mAnate haiM unakA mana hai " "gujarAta ke jaina bhAvArya hemandra(0.008-072; inArA prati vyAkara' meM radAhRta pazcimI apabhraMza ke pracalita sAhitya ke kucha udAharaNoM se hameM isa bAta kA patA calatA hai ki usa lAlI bhASA hindI ke stine nikaTa kI apane pranhA rAjasthAnI bhASA meM ve zaurasenI apabhraMza ko usa kAla kI nana pracalita bhASA jatalAte hai| (5) hecamandra kI bhASA ko eka varga ke vidvAna zaurasenI kahate haiM aura dUsarI aura turAtI vidvAna ire gaurIra apabhrazna mAnate haiN|ismt ke praNetA bhI 2010 dhaDauM, jinhoMne isa vikalpa lo janma dekara puSTa yiA hai| AntrIhI ne bhI apane i. ApaNA viyonandha meMhezcandra ke nAma ke apabhraMza ko juna gora apabhraMza zidya karane kA prayala prayAsa kiyA hai| Apa-T kaviyoM ke upodghAt ke prArambha meM unakA yaha saMpalpa kitanI bar3I cunautI lie hai ki ve isa pustaka meM hema bandra ke apabhraMza ko gaura apabhraMza lidA karake rhegeN| .- gusarAta enDa iTsa liTarecara- ke0ema0 munzI, pR0 20-20 / 2-bhAratIya AryabhASA aura hindI DA0 sunItikumAra caTajI-pR0178-79 3- rAnabhAnI bhASA- DA. baTarI pR0 63 4- ApaNA kaviyo khaMDa 1 nara siMha yuga nI pahelA,podghAtapR0 37-40 dvArA zrI ke0kA0 zAstra:prakAzaka gu0v0s0ahmdaabaad,0942|| 5 (a) Ama ApaNI sAme aneka bhASA vedo mA eka ApaNA deza nau bhASA bheda AvI rahe hai jai gaura apabhraMza hai ye bAta cAlagrantha meM batAvavAno mArI prayatna hai| (ba) AcArya hemacandranau apabhraMza emA sAhityikIya (sTainDarDa) apavaMza katI je kAI / vizeSa to Adezanu hai| (sa) eTale AcArya hemacandra nA apabhraMza nai tainai prAntIya lAkSaNikatA e gorjara apabhraMza kahaivA mA bAta janAto nathI |brj bhASA no sambandha ApaNa ne badhU nikaTa hovAmA AbhIra anai garnara prajA no phailAvo kAraNa bhUta ema manai lAga hai, jaino sambandha Takka paMjAba sAthai jano braja bhASA zUrasaina mAzara pradeza ne bhASA hAI jaine zArasena apabhraMza koI hato taimAthI UtarI AvelI svIkAravAmAM AvI hai| vastu sthiti e madhyadeza zarasena jaima eka kAle saMskRta bhASAnA sAmrAjya mA hato.tema padI pAlInA sAmrAjya mA Avayo, je padI thI zaurasenI mahArASdI dvArA apabhraMza nA sAmrAjya mA AMvyo,A apabhraMza naM nAma pAvaM hoya to zausena temaja mahArASTra ema bane ApI sakAyAnAgara apabhraza ene kahaivo hoya to kevI rIte kahaivo e kahaitu muzkala ch|maarkndde sivAya ApaNI . pAse bIjo koI purAvA spena bhii|beshk saurasenI nA baMdhA saMskArau mArkanDe nA nAgara apabhraMza mA to mahArASTrInA badhA saMskArau digambaronA mahApurANa vagaire kAvyonI bhASAmI che---- brajabhASA jemA zrI utarI AvIene koIpaNa nAma ApavaM hoya to mane aimA lAge ke------------

Page #58
isI prakAra ve braja bhASA kI utpatti bhI AmIrI apaza se mAnate haiM aisA prAcIna vyAkaraNoM kA mata hai| sAtha hI hemacandra kI apaza ko aurasenI kahane vAloM para zAstrIjI ne bar3A roSa prakaTa kiyA hai| DA. ziva prasAda siMha ne zAstrI jI ke tI para vistAra se vicAra karate hue uno svovyAghAta doSa se pIr3ita kahA hai|' jo bahuta aMza taka bhaMgata bhI hai| isa prakAra racanA meM bhAmA banya aura tatvAnveSaNa tathA tyAsthAna Adi bAtoM kI dRSTi se saMgItiyAM avazya hai| parantu phira bhI jUnI gujarAtI athavA prAcIna rAjasthAnI kI 1vIM pandrAvI tAbdI kI racanAoM kA prArambhika adhyayana karane meM yaha pustaka bar3I upayogI hai| (4) prAcIna gujarAtI gadya saMdarbha: zrI muni jina vijaya jI ivArA sampAvita yahAda AdikAla ke hindI jaina gadya sAhitya ke kSetra meM atyanta maulika vyoM kA prakAzana karatI hai| ramA mA mata mAtvapUrNa hai tathA jeTI choTI kahAniyoM aura kyAnoM ke prAcIna uidharanoM ke ivArA vidvAna sampAdaka ne hindI sAhitya ke prAcIna gaDya sAhitya kI sampannatA kA paricaya diyA hai| bhUmi jI kI yAti prAcInatama sAhitya lie mIlasamma kA kArya karatI hai| (5) viparita (pAga -10 gujarAta vidyA samA ahamadAbAda se sambA prakAzita yaha siravIM vIM pAdI pramukha pramukha devI bhAga ajaina gujarAtI kaviyoM kA sAmAnyA: mA paricaya detI hai| isake pazrI zAstrI ramAkAra meM isake donoM bhAgoM kA kalama kI rakSA hai kI ko bar3I upayogitA yaha - pApIra mA nAna mApa jora-pokokAsika pedamA madhyadeza mau bApIra asAvI bAbI yA paapaa| utarI mAvI jaima gurjara pradezanI maurihatI mAthI punarAThI barI baabii| deSa- bhASA kaviyoM- upadipAva..8, zrI ke0kaashaastrii| 1- puravAyA aura bAlmi-ga. ziva prasAda siMha adhyAkA hindI bAra TET bArAmatI, 14aa

Page #59
ki isake dvArA tatkAlIna jaina kaviyoM ke pATha ke sAtha ina AdikAlIna ajaina ke viyoM - asAita, abUIrahamAna, bamansa vilAsakAra zrIdharaNyAsa, bhIma, narasI mehatA, Adi kaviyoM kI racanAoM kA sA tulanAtmaka adhyayana prastuta kiyA jA ske| zAstrI jI ne isa rUma meM gujarAtI bhASA kI sampannatA dikhAne kA prayAsa nahIM kyiA hai parantu vivecana sAhityika sarasatA kI kamI, udharaNoM kIadhikatA tathA tulanAtmaka adhyayana kImiyA~ vizeSa sa haTavya hai| vastuta: isa racanA se hindI sAtha gujarAtI kA sambandha tathA tAdAtmya spaSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai aura donoM pApAjoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana atyanta Avazyaka hai| yoM nevara kaviyoM mAtra para prakAza DAlane ke kAraNa hai apane iSTikoNa meM ekAgI raha gayA hai| aura vistAra meM likhane kA lobha saMvaraNa nahIM kara skaa| (1) gujarAtI sAhitya nA svAmI: yaha pustaka madhyakAla tyA vartamAna gujarAtI sAhitya ke svamoM kA vistAra meM paricaya detI hai| pustakabhI saka palya-vibhAga hI prakAzita huA hai| gadya vibhAga abhI prakAzita honA bAkI hai|yh pustaka san 1954 meM prkaashtiaaii| isa pustaka ke prakAzaka - mAvA guDiyo, mhobaa| isake lekhaka prophesara- maijulAla ra mjmuudaar| ranA ko kavi meM do do maiM vaM vyA vargaa ulyo sampanna kiyA hai| prathama banDa madhyakAlIna kAma bhayoga pundara pariSaya hai| inameM pramukha pramukha pussA, bhASika bAnA, samasyA pradezikA, rAba rAmI, prabandha, sanda, pavAr3o, sAga, mAsyAna,loka vADI, ka pi , mArahamAsI, sanyeka mAmya, bhaDDI bAya, vivAli , kAvya, mI kAmba, karako hita viA ayana mantavAnI bA rAmA-mAmAvikA paramparAgata zeSapUrNa mAnika paricaya diyA gayA hai| vidIya meM prAcIna padava svarUpoM udAramArtha mahAkAya, Damba bdhi , gaLa, kA prasti, deza bhakti kAma, mAmA prathA pUrti kAvya mA~ kA pundara vivecana kyiA hai| ramA gujarAtI haipIra apane bAmapUrNa hai| provara bharambAra rakSA ko pAzAmika banAye kA pravAsa yA lipIrAtIla mAnyoM kA samAveza isa

Page #60
32 kRti meM nahIM ho skaa| sAtha hI kAvya rUpoM ke svarUpa kA vistRta paricaya nahIM diyA jA sakA / lekhaka ne jo pravezaka nAma se jo prastAvanA likhI hai vaha pAta mahatvapUrNa aura vaijJAnika hai| adyAvadhi upalavdha AdikAlIna tathA madhyakAlIna kAvya kapoM kA citraNa karane vAlI racanAoM meM yaha kRti paryApta mahatvapUrNa hai hindI ke vidravAna isa kRti ke adhyayana meM gujarAtI lipi aura bhASA meM likhI jAne ke kAraNa hI asamartha rahe / yauM kRti paryApta sArapUrNa hai| (7) gujarAtI bhASA kI utkrAtiH vIM zatAbdI se 18vIM zatAbdI taka kI racanAoM ke uddharaNoM dvArA gujarAtI bhASA ke udbhava aura vikAsa para prakAza DAlane vAlI yaha eka pramukha kRti jisakI lipi hindI hai tathA mAvA gujraatii| isameM baicaradAsa jIvarAja dozI ke aneka vyAkhyAnoM kA saMgraha hai| bambaI yUnivarsiTI dvArA san 1943 meM yaha kRti prakAzita huii| vyAkhyAtA devIjI ne sirpha bhASA vaijJAnika rUpa meM hI ina kRtiyoM kA parIkSaNa kiyA hai| lekakA prAstAvika yA Amukha paryApta sArapUrNa hai| dezI Heerat aur ani sambandhI lagabhaga sabhI upalabdha tathyoM kA prAmANika svarUpa prastuta kiyA hai| racanA prAmANika aura gaurjara bhaya ke vikAsa para prakAza DAlatI hai| gujarAtI bhASA kI vibhinna kAloM meM jo sthiti huIusake itihAsa kosane ke lie yaha kRti pa hai| (8) gurjara rAkhAvalI: mAvA vorienTala sIrIz2a se jI0e0bhaTTa ne ise sampAdita kara prakAzita kiyA hai| sampAdakoM meM mIrA bAI tathA ema0sI0 maudI kA nAma ullenI hai| vaha kRti morisTa insTITyUTa vahIdA se 1956 meM prakAzita huI hai| isa kRti meM sampAdakoM ne AdikAlIna racanAoM ko prakAzita kiyA hai, jinameM fe pADava ra virATa parva, naiminAtha phATa, arbudAca bInatI biDaMgati eus, arr vimA vikAsa bhavAr3I hai| ye racanAeM atyanta mahatvapUrNa prati yA * prAcIna rAjadhAnI kI hai| racanAoM meM lagabhaga inake dvArA 15 vAdI kI hI hai| bAda meM purAnI hindI kI sthiti kA adhyayana ho

Page #61
33 sakatA hai| vidvavAna sampAdakoM ne isa kRti ke prArambha meM prastAvanA dekara racanAoM ke samaya sthAna aura prati paricaya Adi die hai| sAtha hI anta meM pariziSTa tathA vibhinna TippaNiyoM dvadvArA racanAoM ko samajhAkara adhika kaThina hone se bacA liyA / racanAoM ke pIche diyA huA saMvipta zabda koSa bhI atyanta mahatvapUrNa hai| vastuta: isI prakAra anya racanAoM kA sampAdana honA mI atyAvazyaka hai| vastutaH yaha prayAsa apane meM pUrva tathA eka kAla kI kucha pramukha racanAoM kA cayana hai| aisI kI racanAeM AdikAla kI sampannatA para prakAza DAla sakatI hai| (9) prabaMdhAvalI: prastuta racanA zrI pUrNacandra mAha ke liye hue lekhoM kA saMgraha hai| ye lekha svargIya zrI pUrNa nAhara ke suputra zrI vijayasiMha nAhara ne san 1937 meM 48, inDiyana misTa sTrITa, kalakattA prakAzita kie| racanA ke nibandha 4 mArgosAhityika, dhArmika, sAmAjika tathA vividha meM vibhakta hai| inameM sAhityika nibandhoM meM prAcIna jaina hindI sAhitya, traimAsika zilAlekha, rAjagRha ke do hindI le tathA dhArmika udAratA lekha mahatvapUrNa hai| zrI nAhara jI ne unake saMgraha kI 16vA kI kucha aprakAzita racanAoM kI ora saMketa bhI kiyA hai| aurant meM creejI ne purAnI hindI kI vI zatAbdI kI eka vRkSa navakAra desvIM kI pAra- jammU svAmI rAsA, revaMdagiri rAjA neminAtha capAI, tathA unaue mAlA kahAnaya samyava caudahavIM kI racanAeM candrava kI 11, bolahavIM kI 23 vI kI 53, vathA 18vIM batAdI kI 43 racanAvoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| hindI jaina sAhitya kI racanAoM kA smaraNa dilAne ke lie isa racanA kA mahatva anubhava kiyA jA sakatA hai| A (10) aitihAsika jaima kAvya saMgrahaH * zrI agara mAlTA meM saM0 1994 meM sampAdana kara, zaMkaradAna bhairAja mAsTara naM0 506, bhArameniyama sTrITa ke prakAzita kI hai| prastuta kiya ye vizeSa upayogI hai| eka to aitihAsika aura dvArA bAcA vaay| katipaya eter kAyoM ke bahirindra prAsI kAvyadRSTi se saMgrahIta kiya

Page #62
hai| adyAvata prakAzita saMgrahoM se bhASA sAhitya kI dRSTi se maMgRhIta kie hai| adyAvadhi prakAzita saMgrahoM se pASA sAhitya kI dRSTi se yaha saMgraha sarvAdhika upayogI hai| kyoMki isameM 12vIM satAbdI se lekara bIsavIM zatAbdI taka lagabhaga 800 varSoM ke pratyeka zatAbdI ke thor3e bahuta kAma avazya saMgrahIta hai| jise bhASA vijJAna ke abhyAsiyoM ko satAidIvAra bhASAoM ke atirikta kaI prAntIya bhASAoM kA bhI aba kAma ho sakatA hai| katipaya kAma hindI kaI rAjasthAnI aura kucha gujarAtI prakRti ke hai| apayaza bhASA ke lie to yaha samA vizeSa mahatva kA hai hI kintu mamUne ke taura para kucha saMskRta aura prA ke kAvya mI de die gae haiN| kAsya kI dRSTi se jinAvara mUri minodaya sari jinakaparala mUri, jinapati mUri, jinarAgamUri, vijayasiMha-pUri, Adi ke rAma vivAdale nahI sundara aura AlaMkArika bhASA meM hai jinako par3hane ke prAcIna gavyoM se majana sauSTava, sundara mada vinyAsa vyA vatI upavAoM kA anubhava hotA hai| isa prakAra yaha gavya AdikAlIna aneka pAThoM kA saMgraha hai| prArambha meM DA. hIrAlAla jainakI bhUmikA atyanta mahatvapUrNa hai| vastuta: mAdikAlIna jaina ramAoM aitihAsika graha karake nATA memo ne sAhitya kI mahatvapUrNa sevA kI hai| ( vidhika jaina kAvya saMcayaH pani jina kisa mI ivArA sampAdita yA kRti 1956 meM prakAzi kRti meM bhI vidvAna sampAdaka ne ka hindI patihAsika hindI jaina ramAnoM kA saMkalana kyA yAda kiyA gayA hai| ramA dezI bhASA kAvyoM ke pAge para vistAra vivecana kiyA gayA hai| racanA kA bhUmikA mAga atyanta mahatvapUrNa hai jisameM ramAnoM ke mahatva aura unakI praziyoM para mArA gayA hai| mAga kAvyoM ke saMkalana kI daSTa prakAra kA banA vilApa hai|tik sampAdana evaM sRjana paryApta mAtvapUrNa parvamA kI dRSTi se bhI kRti mahatvapUrNa hai| ( Vva aura zaE zrI nAthUrAma premI ne sati apana ma kamindIratnAkara (prAsTa) zikTeiDa bambaI se prakAzita kiyaa| samA gamAtvapUrNa parika liyA hai| pUrI pIvI pUrva mA kiyA hai|

Page #63
- ye samasta lekha vibhinna patrikAoM meM prakAtrita ho cuke hai| AdikAla se sIdhA sambandha rakhane vAle viSayoM para yadyapi isa grandha meM koI nibandha nahIM hai phira bhI bhAvikAla se sambandhita anekoM ulajhI prathiyoM ko sulamAyA hai| saMskRta, prAkRta, apaca bhASAoM ke vividha jaina granthoM aura unake racayitAoM kA parivya aura itihAsa premIjI ne ko hI jodhapUrNa dRSTikoNa se upasthita kiyA hai| isa racanA kAjaina sAhityapara zeSa prArambha karane se pUrva adhyayana karanA atyanivArya hai| (1) hindI jaina sAhitya kA itihAsaH jaina hitaikI ke sampAdaka zrI paM0 mAthUrAma premI ne isa choTI sI kati ko san 1917 meM prastuta kiyaa| vAstava meM yaha racanA saptama hindI sAhityamammelana jabalapura ke lie liyA gayA eka nibandha hai, jisako lekhaka ne jaina grandharatnAkara bambaI se loTI sI pustikA kama meM prakAzita kiyA hai| premI jI ne prastuta kRti meN| jaina sAhityakA mahatva, jaina sAhitya ke aprakaTa rahane ke kAsa, upalabadha jaina sAhitya ke visya para vicAra,sAmAyika sAhitya, jainoM dvArA hindI kIunnati kI beTA, jaina grantha prakAzana saMsthAe, diI kA itihAsa hindI kA prArambha tathA vI se kara lI zAdI ke hindI jaina lekhakoM kI racanAmoM para prakAra STOT hai| kyA unake eka eka udadharana kAra jaina sAhitya kIprAcInatA ko miSa kiyA hai| ramanA geTI para mArapUrNa hai| nA diI ke sAhitya ke mahatva kI aura mita karane vAlI virodha snAtakoM ko viA nirdeza ho ske| (14)- purAnI hindI aba kRSi zrI para banI gutI bI kA nAgarIprasAriNI patrikA bhAga 1 meM pA saka vistRta nibandha hai| mAyAkRti2005 meM pustaka rupa prakAzita huii| munarI va prAmANika paudha tathA atyanta mahatvapUrNa hai| uttara bhayako pUrAmI hindI kAne kA sarva prathama pAsa gulerI jIne kiyaa| unhoni prastuta hi apAra rAnI hindI kA kA nirNaya, apara kI mAnyatA, irAnI hindI mAmakaraNa kA kAma, aura purAnI hindI kI rasnAnoM para bAbA mivAvA lAyakI purAnI bipi

Page #64
uttara apake granthoM ke uddharaNa prastuta kie haiN| sAtha hI hemacandra, pANinI, kumArapAla carita, dezI nAma mAlA Adi aneka granthoM para prakAza DAlA hai| gulerI jI kA yaha kArya roSa kI dRSTi se eka bhIla stambha hai| purAnI hindI nAma dekara gulerI jI ne purAnI baMgalA purAnI gujarAtI, purAnI rAjasthAnI purAnI marAThI Adi prayogoM kA prama dUra kara diyA hai| dezI bhASAmoM ke itihAsa kA adhyak paricaya karAne meM purAnI hindI ne apUrNa yoga diyA kyA AdikAla ke isa mahatvapUrNa prazna ko pulamA kara, tamasAnna mArga ko prakAza dekara prazasta kiyA hai| rakhanA apane meM sAga pUrNa kyA uskRSTa hai| ho sakatA hai ki loga gulerI jI ke vicAroM meM sahamata na hoM, parantu yaha to dUsarI bAta huii| vAstava meM yaha ninA hai ki purAnIhindI gulairI jIkI AI zaudha hai| (15- hindI kAvya dhArA: mahApandita rAhula sAMkRtyAyana ke sana 1945 meM kisAna mahala ilAhAbAda meM prakAvita kI hai| sAlacI kA yaha andha gulerI jI kI purAnI hindI kI mAvi amAdhAraNa hai| vidvAna sampAdaka ne pustaka meM prArambha meM 50 pRSThoM kI vistRta avataraNikA liTI hai tathA aneka sabhI bAtoM kA parikAra dhA nirAkaraNa kiyA hai| apaca bhASA ko purAnI hindI rAmI ne kI kA hai aura isa dRSTi meM ye murI kI pI ekadama Age bar3ha gaye hai| apazako rAhulajI ne hindI magara se * kevala hindI kI hI nidhi bAga hai balki use baMgalA, gujarAtI, marAThI, sidhI, uDiyA, jAnIrAvadhAnI, mADI, cilI, pauvapurI Adi bhASAoM kI sammilita nidhi banAlAI hai| hindI kAvya dhArA meM kavi ne dezI bhASAoM li kAvyoM kI bhUmi kA babana bhUmikA meM prastuta kyiA hai| jisase rabamA ke mUla tatvoM kA anusarUna spaSTa ho pAka jI ne AThamI zatAidI se pI vidhAmanya guga ke mana bhASA kaviyoM ko liyA hai| aphaza ko hindI batalAte aba unhola svayaMpU ko dI kA prathama kavi sipa sthiA hai| sabase prathama pUrva mArya ina kRtiyoM ke pAune sambandha meM rAnI meM prasayA kA yaha ki aura bhIra mhoMne umara aka ke bhI amba pusma kamiyoM kA pAla diyA aura dUsarI aura unakI hindI zAyA magadI aniSTa pAya

Page #65
37 spaSTa ho ske| pratha ke pIche 4 pariziSToM meM sahAyaka grantha, kaviyoM kA kAla krama aura unakI racanAe, dehAtI aura tadbhava zabda tathA samasAmayika rAjavaMzoM kI vistRta nAmAvalI jor3a dI hai| jisase kRti ke antaraMga bahiraMga tatvoM kI puSTi ho ske| racanAkAra ne isameM AThavIM zatAbdI sehI siddha ajaina, jaina, bauddha Adi sabhI kaviyoM ko liyA hai tathA unake kAvyoM ke uddharaNoM ko vividha zIrSakoM meM maTakara padyAtroM meM vaijJAnika niSkarthI kA samAveza kara diyA hai| vivecana :- parantu eka sabase bar3I asaMgati hindI kAvya dhArA kI dikhAI par3atI hai aura vaha yaha hai ki rAhulajI ne vijJadha apa ke kaviyoM ko bhI hindI kA kahakara unako hindI meM sthAna dina hai| udAharaNArtha svayaMpU, hemacandrAcArya, anudurrahamAna, saramA, zavarapA, puSpavaMya, yogIndu makabara, kanakAnara puni harihara lakSaNa, ajjala maadi| vAstava meM ye kavi dUdha apaprera ke haiM tathA inako hindI meM sthAna denA kaThina aura asambhava donoM hai| Aja jabaki apabhraMza, uttara amatra aura purAnI hindI ke bada rUpa tathA dhvaniyoM kA samagra adhyayana prastuta kiyAjA rahA hai, rAhulajI kI prastuta kRti ko dekhakara apa kI ina kRtiyoM kA mUlyAMkana hindI kahakara fee jAne kA vicAra saMgata aura yukti yukta nahIM kahA jA sktaa| kyoMki dezI seerat kI itanI adhika kRtiyAM mila jAtI hai vipada aura unake bIca meM vibhAjana rekhA saralatA se bIMcI jA sakatI hai| yaha bAta dUsarI hai ki apa kI ina kRtiyoM meM hindI mAtrA ko dene ke prabhUta tatvoM kA samAveza hai| rAhulajI ke kathana meM dUsarI saMgati yaha ki eka ora hone ko hindI kahate haiM aura dUsarI ora use lagabhaga sabhI prAdezika bhASAoM kI sammilita nidhi batalAte hai| svayaM AcArya hajArI prasAda dvivedI jI kA bhI sthAna hai ki aba ko purAnI hindI kahane kA vicAra mAyA vAstrIya aura vaijJAnika nahIM hai| ataH rAhulajI ne eka ora to apa kosI gAeAoM kA sammilita nidhi mAnate hai parantu dUsarI ora umra para hindI kA aisA ekA cimatva svIkAra karate haiM kise purAnI hindI kA hai, vo hai| janma vAstava mairAkI kA yaha hindI prema rAnI hai phira bhI hameM yahA

Page #66
dUsarI bhASAoM ke adhikAroM ko dhyAna merasate hue hindI ko hindI tathA apabhraMza ko apabhraMzakahanAhI jyAdA nyAyasaMgata hogaa| (16) hindI sAhitya kA itihAsaH (0) AcArya rAmacandra zukla ne hindI da sAgara kI bhUmikA ke rUpa meM man 1929 meM hindI sAhitya kA kramabaddha itihAsa prastuta kiyaa| vAstava meM minabaMdhu vinoda kI bhAti yaha ravavRtta saMgraha nahIM thaa| pahalI bAra pula jI hindI sAhitya ke ihiAsa ko vibhinna mAha kAroM se mukta kiyA tathA hivavedI jI ke zabdoM meM isameM mAnava ke jIvanta vicAroM kA spandana pahalI bAra sunAI pdd'aa| vivecanaH AdikAla kI dRSTi se yaha kRti asta upAdeya vo abara hai parantu sAmagrI abhAva ke kAla ukla jI ne apaja kAla aura dezI bhASA nAmakaraNa karake kaI aprAmApika racanAmoM ko sthAna de diyA hai| vAstava meM sAmagrI ke abhAva meM zukla jI ko etadartha doSI ThArAnA samIcIna nahIM hogaa| zukla jI ne tatkAlIna upalabdha lagabhaga samasta sAhitya kA dara vijana prastuta kiyA hai| yadyapi bAdikAla kI sAmagrI, mAmakaraNa kyA sama ke prazna usameM pIprazna hI bane hue hai| jina para isI adhyAya ke prArambhika pRSThoM meM vicAra kiyANA cukA hai| ( hindI sAhitya ke itiyoM ke kapa meM AdikAla ke sambandha meM sAmagrI prastuta karane vAle prabo meM zivasiMha bharoSa, mi binoda, gArca miyana kA mArDana vAkyUlara liTarecara mApha mArdana nduisthAna prathA DA. rAma kumAra varmA kA hindI sAhitya kA mAlocanAtmaka itihAsa yA bhASA hivadevI bI kA hindI sAhityi evaM hindI sAhitya kI bhUmikA bAvinya pramukha hai| ina granthoM kI saMgati mAvi sa AdikA mAmalA sAmagrI Adi para carcA karate pumana vicAra virya kiyA thA / (0/- hindI sAhityakA bAdilA Aira rApa bhASA pariSada paTanA me san 1959 mAvArya DA. mArI prasAda DivavedI me + pravacanoM ko isa grantha prakAzita kiyA ki bhAvArya zivavedI kA bAAita para bavAvara upAya mama sabhI granthoM

Page #67
meM utkRSTa tyA mulA huA hai, jisameM inhone AdikAla sambandhI prApya prAyaH lagabhaga sabhI nidhAna kalaMka sAmagrI kA prabhUta upayoga kyiA hai| divavedI jI kA yaha prandha 10vIM se 14vIM zatAbdI ke sAhitya kA hAnika vizlaSama hai| inameM pAtroM pravacana hindI sAhitya meM pAca naye adhyAyoM kA gaNeza karate hai| unakA isa kAla meM prApta vividha sAmagrI kA parIkSaNa pravRtiyoM kA nirdhAraNa, maye nAgoM kA pravastIkaraNa aura unakA hindI sAhitya sambandha sthApita kalA divavedItI ke vidAtha rodha sambandhI dRSTikoNa kA paricAyaka hai| yahI nahIM, kAvyAtmaka dRSTi ke mArga prazasta karane ke lie unhoMne vibhinna pravacanoM mazaH rAso kA mahatva, kRtiyoM kA vastu saundarya, bAlyAna, kahAnI, savadI, kAga, vasanta, dohA Adi ke sAtha sAtha kyA kaliyoM kA vistAra meM Alekhana kara AdikAla kI prApadhArA ko vizeSa gati aura vAgI prabAga kI hai| isa prakAra itihAsa se pRSTabhUmi lekara divavedI jI me AdikAlIna kAvya smoM kA pahilI bAra vaijJAnika DhaMga se paricaya kitA hai| vivecanaH hivavedI jI kA ndha aura prayAsa asAdhAraNa hai parantu nAmakala sAmagrI yA samaya nirdhAraNa ke samaya meM AtokoM meM kucha ma da avazya hai| sAtha hI jina kAvya mo ma divavedI jI ne parikaya siA hai usa unake vikAsa kI dizaza kI aura ta mAtra hI ho paayaa| vistAra vizleSA nahIM ho skaa| didI AdikAla ke isa bhoja kArya kI paka zArA vizeSa sAhitya vistRta vizleSaNa karane ke kAryako lekhaka prastuta prakaTapUrA karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| rAjasthAnI bhASA,purAnI rAjasthAnI, rAjasthAnI bhASA aura sAhitya: (1) rAjasthAnI bhASA rAvasthAma vizva vidyApITha prAcIna sAhitya zeSa saMsthAna udayapura vargata pAkavi gaLA, vAsana dipa pa unake tIna pAya rAjasthAnI bhASA mAna san 19 pustaka meM prakAza nImAra baTanI / rAjasthAnI kI piyA, rASasthAnI vihAra, ki , mAmAvibAdi adhyAyoM HAPTE To pAyA ki DA. baTI

Page #68
ne 15vIM zatAbdI ke pUrva rAjasthAnI aura gujarAtI donoM bhASAoM kI ekatA sidadha kI hai| isase rAjasthAnI kA hindI ke vikAsa aura udbhava meM kitanA yoga hai, yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai| prastuta racanA- se AdikAlIna hindI racanAoM kI bhASA ko samajhane meM yoga milegaa| DA. baTI ne rAjasthAnI bhASA kI bhASA vaijJAnika vizeSatAoM para prakAza DAlakara usake svasma kA sahI vizleSaNa kiyA hai| (19) purAnI rAjasthAnI DA. ela pI. TessITorI kI iTAliyana ragnA ke aMgrejI anuvAda kA yaha anuvAda ST. nAmavara siMha ne purAnI rAjasthAnI ke nAma prastuta kiyA hai| 670 TessITorI ke manca sebhI prAcIna pazcimI rAjasthAnI aura unI gujarAtI kI ekatA spaSTa hotI hai| racanA nAgarI pracAriNI sI se prakAzita huI hai| ramA rAjasthAnI bhASA kI mAvi hI purAnI hindI kI racanAoM ko samajhane meM yoga detI hai tathA aurasenI apayaza aura rAjasthAnI tathA aba Adi kA pArasparika sambandha spaSTa hotA hai| hemacandra ke dohoM kI bhASA DA. TessITorI me gairasainI apakSa kahA hai, jo vivAAsta to hai para uttara amaza kA rAjasthAnI se sambandha samajhane ke lie pAna putva pUrNa hai| (20) rAjasthAnI pArA aura gAhitya hindI sAhilA sammelana prayAga 2. 2008 meM yaha racanA prakAzita huii| DA. poDIlAla menAriyA kI yaha ti rAjasthAnI bhASA aura mAlikA prAcInatama itihAsa hai| DA. mainA riyA me moTe parimala, mAravAr3I, mevAnI, garI, bAgar3I mAstrI, mAvikA parikA doSa prArambhika kAla, pUrva madhyakAla, uttara madhyakA gahitya mAdhunika kAla, para aura prAcIna aura bhAcIna gaTa Adi ghara prakAra hai| racanA . mevAriyA ne racanAkAroM kA sAmAnya paricaya vivAhA mAriyA ne kamAvibAhIma jaina kaviyoM kA ullekha kara naI soca prastuta kii| bIsaladeva rAma, Adi kRtiyoM kA nidhArama Adi STikopa kyiA / / pina ramA mAtvapUrNa pApI bAlikAThIya mana napAna pa

Page #69
41 racanAoM kA samAhAra isa grantha meM nahIM ho pAyA hai| sAtha hI arvAcIna padma aura racanAoM kI prAcInatama evaM adyatana sUcanAeM dene meM GT. mainAdiyA asamartha rahe hai| DiMgala ke sambandha meM koI nizcita mata menAriyA ne prastuta nahIM kiyaa| isake atirikta AvikAlIna Ahitya kI kucha hI kRtiyoM kI ora iMgita mAtra karake diyA hai phira bhI rAjasthAnI bhASA aura hindI bhASA ke sambandhoM kA adhyayana karane ke lie racanA upayogI hai| rAjasthAnI bhASA aura sAhitya rAjasthAnI pASA ke itihAsa kA sarvaprathama upAdeya grantha hai| (21) prazasti saMgraha: san 1950 meM zrI kastUracaMda kAsalIvAla ema020, zAstrI ke sampAdakatva meM mAnera zAstra bhaMDAra se jayapura se eka prazasti saMgraha prakAzita huA hai| prastuta kRti meM 50 japa granthoM kI mastiyAM saMgrahIta hai| inameM svayaMbhU puSpadastha, nanandi vIra, amarakI rti yazaHkIrti dhanapAla, ravU mAdi kI yaha prazastiyAM pramukha hai| hama pravastiyoM ke adh yama ko vAdikAlIna racanAoM kI pRSThabhUmi ke adhyana ke lie vyavahRta kiyA jA sakatA hai| (12) prAcIna kAma saMgraha: DA0 bhogIlAla vADevarA meM mahArAjA sayAjI rAva vizvavidyAlaya, baDaudA zrI somAbhAI cAre ke sahayoga se isa saMgrahako san 1955 meM prakAzita kie hai| racanA meM vikrama kI 18 bAdI taka kI kAyu racanAoM kA saMkalana evaM sampAdana kiyA gayA hai| racanA nAvikAlIna phAtu racanAoM kA pApta baijJAnika mA prastuta karatI hai| DA0 pAMDesarA ne isa racanA meM 38 kA kAvyoM kA samAveza kiyA hai| sAtha hI prati paricaya, bamyAca tathA anta meM eka koca dekaramati ko sarva grAma aura sarva ina banA diyA hai| racanA after, bIkAnera Adi sthAnoM meM upaladha kA detI hai| va vAda taka pATana jaisalamera, kAvyoM ke adhyayama meM bar3A yoga vivecanaH DAbarA ne inheM prAcIna gujarAtI kI racanAe~ kA hai parantu vAstava maiM ye kAma prAcIna rAjasthAnI yA mI gujarAtI ke hai| ina kAmoM meM se kucha kA

Page #70
12 vizleSaNa prastuta grantha ke phAgu naka racanAmoM ke adhyAya meM kiyA gayA hai| (23)- apapre sAhitya: DA. harivaMza kaura ne prastuta zodha prabaMdha ko bhAratIya sAhitya mandira phabArA dillI se san 1956 meM prakAzita kiyA hai| prastuta kati meM STO kaura ne apamaMtra bhASA kA vikAsa, apaza aura hindI bhASA, tathA apaza sAhitya kI pRSThabhUmi, apaza sAhila kA hindI para prabhAva AdikAlIma hindI jaina sAhitya ke sambandha meM avazya hI sahAyatA milatI hai| racanA apabhraMza sAhitya para prakAra DAlatI vivenA. 1) prastuta grandha meM DA. kaue vArA kUtiyoM sambandhI vargIkaraNa ThIka nahIM ho sakA hai| vAstava meM viSaya kI dRSTi se ina racanAoM kA vargIkaraNa nahIM hokara yadi kAvya rUpoM kI dRSTi se hotA to adhika saMgata ho sktaa| (2)sarI asaMgati yaha hai ki DA. kaur3a me DAroM kI adhika roSa yA sabhya bodha nahIM hone se kaI purAnI hindI kI kRtiyoM ko zuddha apaca kI kahakara sthAna diyA hai, jo samIcIna nahIM hai vi DA. kor3a inakI bhASA ko ThIka se adhyana karate ho bAba sambhava hai aneka prAcIna sAjasthAnI kI kRtiyoM ko apanI nahIM likhte| (14)- prAkRta apaza-sAhitya aura usakA jidI sAhitya para prabhAva prastuta DA. rAmasiMha Domara kA zoSa prabandha hai| tomara jI kI kRti apane meM pUrva yA AdikAla para gedha karane vAle snAsako hipa parama upayogI tathA pRSThabhUmi ke lie pAmA mahatvapUrNa hai| momAjI ne apanI zeSa hindI ke pratIka kAla kI kAmayArA aura puNya prahariyoM para prAkRta aSaya kI kAmya pArAmoM, guru pravRttiyoM yA vaiziSTya pAdoM kA prabhAva basalAkara gidI sAhitya ke vividha mA~ kA zAlika adhyayana prastuta kiyA hai| prastuta prabandha apane meM pUrva kA vAma zAmilo prAya bhI dhaka kA pragati gone para isa racanA mmAmalA uThA kii|

Page #71
(25) hindI jaina sAhitya kA saMkSipta itihAsaH mAratIya hAna pITha kAlI san 197 zrI kAmatA prasAda jaina ne ise prakAzita kiyA hai| zrI kAmatA prasAda jaina:bIra- aura jaina-siddhAnta pArakara ke sampAdaka ke rupa meM hindI jaina sAhitya kI sevA karate rahe hai| prastuta kRti meM hindI ke bAdikAla se lekara madhyakAla kI ramAoM kA sAmAnya paricaya diyA hai| sAtha hI hindI kI utpatti kA bhUla jaina sAhitaura usakA kAla vibhAga, AdikAla kA sAhitya aura gahaba pASA Adhi agAyoM ke antargata hindI jaima sAhitya para prakAra DAlA hai| DA. vAsudeva baraNa pravAla ne kati kA prAvadhAna liyA hai| jo paryApta mArapUrNa hai|-hindii jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa- pAlI kRti hai, jisane premI jI ke nibandhoM kI pAti vidvAnoM kA dhyAna AkarSita kiyA tathA mahalI bAra zrI kAmatA prasAda jI ne nizcita rUpa rekhA ivArA isa racanA kA prakAzana kiyaa| vivecana:- itamA hone para bhI kRti meM kaI saMgatiyAM A gaI hai| zrI amarabanda mATA ne isa sambandha meM kaI pramoM kA nirAkaraNa kiyA hai| zrI kAmatA prasAda jI ne mAMga kI hI racanAoM ko purAnI hindI kI racanAeM mAnI / tathA ve bhI mI mAdI se pUrva kI koI purAnI diI kI racanA prastuta nahIM kara ske| parantu isa racanA se nA avazya mA ki vidvAnoM kA dhyAna hindI jaina sAhitya kI mora gyaa| racanA Adhunika kAla (vIM vAdI) ke katipaya kaviyoM kA bhI lekhaka ne pariva diyA hai| sAmAnya ramA upayogI hai| (2) hindI jaina zAhityaparizIlana- bhAga 1.14 asya prathama aura hivatIya do pAlo liA gayA hai| yaha bhI bhAratIya bhASIka kArI milI meM prakAzita wiyA hai| prathama bhAga meM nidhI ra prakAyoM aura bhAgayoM, dezI bhASA ke jaina prabandha kAya, pIya paravartI kAvyoM para purAna gandha mAhityamA pAra yI hindI ma gIti kAya, yaka, kAma zAhityamA mAtmanyA kAvya para vicAra aaiaa dusarA mAnika kAnya dhArA, mAnoM, mata gani ki vikAsa, upanyAsa, thA aura nimAyA gayAsmIpara paryApta zrama

Page #72
44 ke sAtha vicAra kiyA hai| ti zrI kAmatA prasAda jaina ke saMkSipta itihAsa kI mAti mahatvapUrNa hai tathA mavIna sAmagrI para bhI vidvAnoM ke sAmane saMkSipta aura sarasa rUpa meM prakAra DAlatI hai| zAstrI jI ne donoM DoM meM navIna adhyAyoM nae mArAvya spaSTa kie hai aura hindI ma sAhitya kI ora vidvAnoM kI vizeSa ruci kAhavAna kiyA hai| vivevana:- parantu isameM ameTiyAM raha gaI hai jisapara agarabanda nAhaTA vistAra meM vicAra kara cuke hai| bAdha kI strI jI ne jo dezI bhASA prabandha kAvya, hindI jaina prabandha kAvya, apAMca ke bAda kI purAnI hindI ke jaina prabandha kAvya tathA hindI jaina mahAkAvya zIrSakoM ke varga ko vicAra kiyA hai apane meM aparyApta hai| sAtha hI ye saba nAma eka hI prakAra ke kAmoM ke paryAyavAcI pI hai tathA ye AkiAta sambandhI maulika sAmagrI kA samAveza bhI adhika nahIM kara ske| ataH madhyakAla aura mAdhunika kAla kI iSTi se ye donoM vizeSa upayogI ho babaI / parantu mAvikAsa ke sambandha meM gae mAtabya aura dhyAsyAna karane meM rakhanA sAmAnya hI hai| (17) hindI ke vikAsa meM apaja kA yogaH zrI nAmavara siMha (aba DAkTara) kI yaha pustaka sAhitya kAma timiTeDa, ilAhAbAda 1955 prakAzita huii| DA. nAmavara siMha ne prastuta grantha ko do mantrI vikta diyA hai| prathama banDa meM apavamApA kA ulava aura vikAsa, paravIM apaca aura usameM hindI bIga, bapa hindI kA uddhA aura vikAsa adhyAyoM para vicAra kviA yA zivatIya va sAhitya yA hindI kA apAMva pasAhityika samma spaSTa kiyaa| banA paryApta ma kI vA DA. rAma siMha tomara ke bodha prabandha kI nAti nidI vikAsa kA boma nidhAraNa karane meM upayogI hai, sAtha hI mAhitIna dI ga sAvikI pRSThabhUmi ke bhayayana, bapautra ke parinimmyi pUrvI aura uttarI bhASA vAnika aura sAtvika vimA nAmavara siMha ne bImAra sNjogaa| isake atimilimI bAra asAra apAMca svayoM mamAtra pariviSTa ra dohA

Page #73
45 saMgraha bhI diyA hai| vivecana :- phira bhI kRti meM kaI purAnI hindI kI racanAoM ko maMtra kI kahakara unakA vizleSaNa kiyAgayA hai| jisa para prastutaprabandha meM Age vicAra kiyA gayA hai| phira bhI DA0 nAmavara siMha kI yaha kRti eka svataMtra vicAra dhArA ko puSTa karane vAlI mahatvapUrNa racanA hai jisameM apatra bhASA aura sAhitya ko sapane meM vizeSa estaar milatI hai| (18) sUra pUrva braja bhASA aura usakA sAhitya AdikAla ke sambandha meM abhI zAla hI meM yaha zodha prabandha DA0 zivapratAda siMha ne prakAzita kiyA hai| yaha kRti hindI pracAra pustakAlaya vArANasI se akTUbara, 1958 meM prakAzita huI hai| DA0 hajArIprasAda dvivedI ke nirdezana meM hue isa zodha kAryane bhAvikA ke jainetara granthoM kA mUlyAMkana prastuta kiyA hai| pUrA prabandha 19 adhyAyoM meM vibhakta hai| sUra pUrva brajabhASA meM upalabdha sAhitya ke bhASA vaijJAnika tathA sAhityika donoM pakSoM para lekhaka ne paryApta zAnika rUpa meM vicAra kiyA hai tathA saMkrAMtikAlIna braja bhASA, a bhASA kA riktha brajabhASA kA udgama, brajabhASA kA nirmANa- bhautika pariniSThita taka tathA hindIvara prAntoM ke kaviyoM Adi kA paricaya prayAsa zodhapUrNa evaM vaijJAnika hai| nissaMdeha DA0 ziva prasAda siMha kA yaha kArya pUrNa manoyoga se sampanna huA hai| vivecanaH parantu phira bhI rakSA meM kucha prazna abhI vicAra vimarSa kI apekSA rakhate hai| vAstava meM levaka para vIrasainI apa itanI adhika chA gaI hai ki use itkAlIna devI bhASAoM se usake sambandha kA aura usameM prApta tatkAlIna sAhitya kA bahuta kama smaraNa rahA hai| DA0 siMha apane meM hai ki - "hama gulerI jI kI taraha bAda kI apa kI purAnI hindI meM bhI kaheM to bhI itanA to mAnanA hI par3egA ki purAnI hindI yA va bhASA ke svarUpa meM sahAyaka bhAvika tatvoM ke anveSaNa ke lie sahI bAda kI hI mahatvapUrNa hai| isa bAda kI apane meM bhI sabase jyAdA mahatvapUrNa kRtiyoM meM hotI hai jonI ke nijI kSetra meM kisI gaI ho| abhayavaha isa taraha kI aura isa kAla kI koIprAmAdhika kRti se deza meM

Page #74
46 likhI gaI ho prApta nahIM hotii| musalamAnoM ke nirantara AkramaNa se dhvasta madhyadeza meM hastalekhoM kI surakSA kA koI prayatna nahIM huaa| mahAdeva kI apabhraMza bhASA sAre bhArata kI pAkA banI, kintu madhyadeza meM kyA likhA gayA isakA kucha bhI patA nahIM cltaa| (1) DA0 siMha ke ina 'vacAroM meM paryApta asaMgati hai| vAstava meM ST0 liMka zaurasenI apabhraMza kA sabase jyAdA naikaTu braja bhASA kA hI samajhate haiN| yo nAgara tathA rasainI apabhraMza se hindI, gujarAtI, rAjasthAnI vraja paMjAbI, Adi kI utpatti kI bAta para bhI unhoMne vicAra kiyA hotA to unheM madeza meM milane vAlI sUra pUrva jaina ajaina saikar3oM kRti palabdha hotI / parantu isa dRSTikoNa meM CTO siMha saMkucita raha gae haiN| ataH AdikAlIna laukika aura dhArmika donoM prakAra kI racanAoM STO siMha svayaM vaMcita raha gae haiN| (2) isake atirikta aisA bhI lagatA hai ki unhoMne madhyadeza kI sImAoM maiM mAcIna rAjasthAnI ke janapada kA sthAna nahIM diyA hai jo eka bahuta vizAla hindI bhASI pradeza hai| rAjasthAnI ko madhyadeza se bAhara nikAlanA hindI kInIMda ko hilAnA hogA | ataH DA0 siMha yadi rAjasthAna ke prAcIna bhaMDAroM kI zodha karate athavA jUnI gujarAtI kI AdikAlIna saM0 1000 se 1500 taka kI kRtiyoM kA parIkSaNa karate to unheM abhAgyavaza isa taraha kI vIra isa kAla kI koI prAmAmika kRti jo madhyadeva meM likhI gaI ho, prApta nahIMhotI- aisA nahIM likhanA pdd'taa| kyoMki gujarAta aura rAjasthAna ke aneka rAjakIya (ana) aura jaina paMDAroM meM hajAroM kI saMkhyA meM sUra pUrva kA sAhitya mila sakatA thaa| yaha bAta dUsarI hai ki vaha jaba bhASA kA na ho parantu ret kI soca hone para sambhava hai ki unheM mAyA kI ina kRtiyoM se bhI prAcIna maura koI kRti mila sakatI aura unase madhyadeza ke sthita bhaMDAroM ke Sarfe kI prAcInatA kA anumAna ho sktaa| 1- dUra pUrva braja bhASA aura usakA sAhitya: 0 41, DA0 zivaprasAda siMha, hindI pracAra pustakAlaya, bArAvatI- 1958 /

Page #75
47 (3) ST0 ziva prasAda siMha ke zodha grantha meM eka anya asaMgati yaha bhI parilakSita hotI hai ki saMkrAtikAlIna braja bhASA adhyAya ke antargata jina racanAoM kA pariva diyA hai, udAharaNArtha jina pada suri kA sthUbhitra phAgu, vinaya baMda sUri kI neminAtha capaI Adi, vAstava meM ye racanAeM vraja bhASA kI eka dama nahIM hai| ye donoM racanAeM saMkrAtikAlIna to avazya hI hai parantu prAcIna rAjasthAnI yA junI gujarAtI kI hai| isa prakAra ina kucha asaMgatiyoM ko ThIka kiyA jA sakatA hai| ina prayoM kA nirAkaraNa lekhaka ne prastuta grantha meM karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| jo bhI ho, mayAvadhi mAdikAla para prApta granthoM meM DA0 ziva prasAda siMha kI yahakRti eka maulika meM pakSa aura zrama sApekSa vaijJAnika bodha hai jo AdikAla ke naye vathuthoM kA mArga darzana karatI hai| anya sAmagrI: ina kRtiyoM ke sAtha sAtha aura bhI kaI lekha tathA choTI choTI kRtiyoM prakAvita rUpa meM prApta hai| ina kRtiyoM ke atirikta bhI AdikAla ke sambandha meM kucha zodhapUrNa phuTakara nibandha vibhinna vidvAnoM dvArA liye gae hai| isa sAmagrI meM pramukha hai: (29) zrI Ara nAhaTA ke leva zrI agarakada nAhaTA ne bhAvikA kI sAmagrI, AdikAla kI vibhinna kRtiyAM prApta sAmagrI kA paricaya tathA vIramAthA kAla kI kRtiyoM kI sArthakatA * sArthakatA, pravIrAja rAso kI prAmAnikatA tathA vIragAthA kAla kA mAyA ka sAhitya, prAcIna rAjasthAnI sAhitya aura usakI kRtiyAM, dAba, kA, prabandha-carita, gIta, strota, vana, talaharA, satyavastu, vivAhale maMgala, Adi ke levoM ke vikAsa ko samajhane meM asAdhAraNa bahAyatA milatI hai| ina lekhoM meM nAhaTAjI mai prAcIna rAmasvAmI vIra mI mujarAtI kI kRtiyoM kA niSpakSatA se mUlyAMkana kara hindI kI sampannatA meM kI iMdriya kI hai| 1. udAharaNArtha- bharatezvara bAibalI rAsa, tribhuvana prAcIna kurjara kAvya, gujarAtI bhAvAnoM devi kA de| dIpaka pradha, naranArI saMbodha, itihAsa bAda kyA probvelaNakara

Page #76
48 (30)_ST0 hIrAlAla jaima ke lekha: ' bihAra yUnivarsiTI ke prAkRta jainalAjI insTITyUTa ke adhyakSa DA0 hIrAlAla jaina ne jaina sAhitya kI prAcInatA aura AdikAlIna purAnI hindI aura apabhraMza ke sAhitya para kaI lekha likhe hai| ST0 jaina ke ina vibandhoM se AvikAla ke sAhitya kI pRSThabhUmi ko sapane meM sahAyatA milatI hai| sAtha hIDA0 hIrAlAla jaima meM kAraMjA bhaMDAra ke 20-25 apa granthoM kA jo manoyoga se sampAdana kiyA hai usame vidvAnoM ko prAcIna hindI jaina sAhitya kIzodha kI preraNA dI hai| DA0 jaina kI yaha sAdhanA apabhraMtha aura prAcIna hindI jaina sAhitya kI mahattA ko samajhane ke lie nidhAna kalaza hai| sAtha hI usameM paravartI sAhitya ko sapane aura jaina bhaMDAroM meM aneka kRtiyA~ upalabdha hone kI saMbhAvanA aura adhika tIvra ho jAtI hai| | prastuta prabandha kA adhyayana aura usakI maulikatA pichale adhyayana se usakI viziSTatA: ukca kRtiyoM ke kArya vivaraNa ko dRSTi meM rakhate hue prastuta prabandha ko devA jAya to aneka rUpoM meM usakI maulikatA spaSTa ho jAtI hai| (1) purAnI hindI kI racanAeM adyAvadhi jisane vidvAnoM ne bhAvikAla ke apa aura uttara apa ke jivanI racanAoM kA paricaya diyA hai unameM purAnI hindI kI racanAoM kA bahudhA abhAva hI rahA hai| bhayaH prastuta prabandha meM anekoM purAnI hindI kRtiyoM kA vizleSaNa isa kamI ko dUra kregaa| (1) parAnI hindI kA artha bahudhA hindI kI sImAmoM meM vimAnoM ne purAnI rAjasthAnI, bUmI, gujarAtI, mAlavI aura jaba ko mama bhAvArtha mAnakara alaga alaga rUpa meM unake afare kI pacI kI hai| prata prabandha meM ina sabhI vipAkAnoM meM prApya 1-kulAI, 1954 mA 140 102 pAhitya meM hindI kI jar3a ) /

Page #77
49 racanAoM ko purAnI hindI kI sampatti samaya kara hindI sAhitya kI sampannatA spaSTa karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| (3) purAne pramoM kA nirAkaraNa: prAcIna rAjasthAnI aura cUnI gujarAtI ko alaga alaga bhASAeM kahakara unakI aneka kRtiyoM ko hindI kI zrImAnoM se bAhara nikAla diyA gayA thA sAtha hI gujarAtI lipi meM rapa jAne ke kAraNa unI hindI kaha sakanA samIcIna nahIM samajhe jAne kI jo prAti aba taka prabalita rahI hai, usa dhAraNA kAlesa ne nirAkaraNa kiyA hai tathA aneka gujarAtI lipi aura bhASA meM prakAzita prAcIna rAjasthAnI kI kRtiyoM ko hindI meM sthAna diyA hai| yadyapi 15vIM satAbdI se pUrva prAcIna rAjasthAnI sayA jUnI gujarAtI eka hI mAgadhI isa tathya ko aneka viddhavAnoM ne apane andhoM vArA siddha kara diyA hai| 0 vividha bAdhya saH mAdikAla ke hindI jaina sAhitya meM jo vividha kAma kama upalabdha hote hai una sabakI paramparAmoM kA vistRta paricaya prastuta prabandha meM diyA gayA hai| jisase umake udyamaya aura vikAsa kI kahAnI spaSTa ho ske| (5) prAmANika hastalikhita pratiyat: prAcIna hassaniti evaM prAmANi kRtiyAM kyA unakI pratilipiyoM para hI isameM prakAza DAlA gayA hai paryApta paulika sAmagrI parva bhavIna pAnDa zipiyoM kA upayoga palAyo adhyayana kI ziviramA misa karatA hai| (0) naI sthApanA desI bhAgAvoM upavana mApArI kI sImAeM, bhAvikAsa kA nAmakaraNa, gAmaDI aura sImAnoM para prakAra galane kA pahalA maulika prayAsa hIdI kI pAnI prAcIna rAjasthAnI, jUnI gujarAtI, aga, mAlI, mAvipIyoM kA samAveza ra mAvikAsa kI sImA nirdhAraNa **.... . yA gayA hai| jisase utAra pAMca se pari pUrvaka ma samIyoM kA mAhAra ho /

Page #78
50 (7) vaijJAnika vargIkaraNa ___prastuta prabandha meM racanAoM ke vargIkaraNa kA AdhAra pramukha rUpa se kAvya rUpoM ko diyA gayA hai| chandoM aura viSayoM kI iSTi se ina kAvya rUpoM kA adhyayana prastuta kiyA gayA hai tAki vargIkaraNa meM kAnikatA tathA iSTikoNa meM maulikatA A ske| ( kevala jaina kati prastuta gandha meM kevala mAtra unhIM prAcIna prakAzita aprakApti kRtiyoM ko sthAna diyA gayA hai, jo jaina kRtiyA / ataH ajaina kRtiyoM kA vistAra meM paricaya isa prabandha kI sImAoM se pare aura viSayAMvara samajha kara unakA zodhapUrNa vivecana prastuta nahIM yiA gyaa| ataH itane vizAla jaina sAhitya kA samAhAra karane vAlA ha pahalA maulika pandha hai| (1) korA dhArmika evaM upadeza pradhAna sAhitA hI nahIM: ____ adyAvadhi AcArya rAma candra zukla ke anusAra jaina sAhitya kI sAmpradAyika dhArmika aura upadeza pradhAna kAra upekSA kI jAtI rahI hai| jaina kaviyoM ke prati unakI isa sI dhAraNA kA nirAkaraNa prastuta prabandha meM kiyA gayA hai| isa racanAmoM kA anuzIlana |rne para yA spaSTa jJAta ho sakegA ki yaha sAhitya kitamA vividha purI aura sarasa hai tathA dhArmika sAhitya aura sAmpradAyika kahakara isako bAhitya kI sImAoM se manA nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| (1) ajaina liyaa| batkAlIna upalamaya jaina paDva yA bahA rabamAnoM ke aMza mAdikAlIna jaina ajaina racanAoM ke nAtmaka adhyayana ke lie die gae haiM jinase mauna rakanAjoM kI ghoSa kI aura biivAnoM ga dhyAna pA ske| (1) thA paramparAH midI bana pAya prA vividha kyAnoM kI paramparAoM (oples ) para eka pica vivecana prastuta grantha meM kiyA gayA hai| kyA paramparAmoM aura yA kar3iyoM kA svana meM mIla hogaa|

Page #79
(12) devI chandaH dezIdoM ke itihAsa evaM paramparA kA prArambha karane vAle vividha chandoM para prakAza DAlakara saMgIta a"ra chanda ke sambandha meM ina AdikAlIna racanAoM kA yoga prastuta prabandha meM spaSTa ho jAtA hai| (aloka sAhitya kA adhyayana: inhIM racanAoM meM aneka kRtiya loka kaviyoM kI hai jinake vAgavedAdha evaM pravAha ke sAtha sAtha madhuratA tathA prAsAdikatA kA anumAna ina loka. paramparAnya kaliyoM se sambhava ho skegaa| (14) prAcInatama gadaya racanAeM: prAcInatama pajhya racanAeM hI nahIM, bhAdikAlIna hindI gadya racanAmoM kA samAneDa bhI isameM kiyA gayA hai| tAki hindI gadya aura udabhava ke vikAsa meM prAcIna rAjasthAnI, mAlavI, jUnI gujarAtI Adi kA samanvaya spaSTa ho ske| gadya kI racanAmoM kA vargI karaNa tathA prAcIna pratiyoM kA adhyayana bhAvikAlIna gadya kI sampannatA para prakAra DAlatA hai| (15) apaca sAhitya kA diI ke vikAsa meM yogaH mapAza kI prAcIna rabamAe, unakA hindI ke nirmANa meM yoga, uttara apAMza kI purAmI midI kI ravamAnoM ke udAraNa, mAdikAta kI ina kAvya dhArAgoM kA paravartI gala meM vikAsa, kAsya pa,umakI paramparA Adi kA adhyayana mAdikAlIna rabanAnoM kI bhUmi kA adhyayana karane meM yoga dekhA hai| avaka kI lagabhaga upAya mI tiyoM mUla tatvoM ko lekhaka ne samajhAne kA prayAsa kiyA hai| (11) AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya kI pramukha evaM gauva kAvya paramparAeM: nya aura rAga kI dRSTi sevA kAvya more atirikA viziSTa kAya mI para svayaM kama se prakAra galA gayA hai sAtha hI vividha gIti yo kA mauSa kAya paramparA bargata adhyayana isa grantha meM prastuma diyA gayA () gIya paristhitiyAM aura jaina sidhAnyoM kA pariNA ana vAya pAvalyamasana le liya satkAlIna

Page #80
52 yugIna paristhitiyAM aura jaina dharma ke siddhAntoM kA sAmAnya paricaya dekara kRtiyoM ke prayukta dArzanika siddhAntoM kA paricaya bhI diyA hai| (18) vividha dRSTiyoM se mUlyAMkana : prastuta grantha meM racanAoM kI samayasAhitya AlocanA karate samaya prabandha, bhASA saMskRti, dharma tathA kAvya rUpa evaM zailiyoM sambandhI tatvoM kA bhI mUlyAMkana kiyA gayA hai jo jaina sAhitya ke svarUpa, vaividhya aura lakSya para prakAza DAlatA hai jisase dharma naitikatA tathA caritra sambandhI mahatvapUrNa tathyoM kA spaSTIkaraNa ho jAtA hai| (19) pratyeka zatAbdI ke pratyeka caraNa kI pratinidhiH ye racanAeM pratyeka zatAbdI ke pratyeka caraNa kA pratinidhitva karatI haiM tathA inakI hastalikhita pratiyAM prAmANika rUpa meM surakSita mila jAtI hai| ataH Dara zatAbdI kI itanI adhika racanAeM eka sAtha milane se inakI prAmANikatA meM koI saMdeha nahIM raha jaataa| (20) sAhityika aura loka bhASA kAvyaH prastuta grantha meM jina kRSioM kA vivecana hai ye sAhityika ho hai hI, sAtha DI loka bhASA mUlaka pii| kyoMki jaina kavi ghara-ghara, nagara nagara, prAma-grAma apanI ranAoM kA loka AsthAnoM dvArA pracAra kiyA karate the| ataH prastuta graMtha meM donoM prakAra kI racanAoM kA vizleSaNa kiyA gayA hai| (21) racanAoM kI aitihAsikatA age grantha meM aneka kRtiyAM vizuddha aitihAsika hai jinase aitihAsika sthAnoM, gat yAtrArthI saMgha tatkAlIna rAjA vAskRtika parvo patihAsika ghaTanAoM , Adi kA paricaya milatA hai| ye racanAeM vizvasanIya hai tathA inase tatkAlIna rAjAoM kA jaina jaina kaviyoM se sambandha hone ke prabhAva bhI prastuta prabandha meM die gae hai| (22) rasarAja prastuta pratha meM vivecya kRtiyoM kI eka bar3I maulikatA yaha bhI hai ki isameM marAja zrRMgAra ko na mAnakara vAn ko mAnA gayA hai| pratyeka kRti meM dhana kI pradhAnatA hai| aneka sthAnoM para iMgAra carama para pahuMca jAtA hai to bhI meM jAkara vaha nirveda kI kror3a meM pUrti hai|

Page #81
(1) rAjyAzita rahitaH janatA kA sAhitya: isa prabandha meM lekhaka ne jina racanAmoM kA adhyayana prastuta kiyA hai ye rAjyAzraya se pare janatA ke Acala aura mantarAla meM hubakara likhA gayA svAbhAvika sAhitya hai ataH isa iSTi se isa grandha kI maulikatA meM vaiziSTya parilakSita hotA hai| (24) prastuta grandha kI samAja aura sAhitya ko dena: AdikAla kA hindI jaina sAhitya andha meM una prasiddha aprasiddha kRtiyoM kA vivecana hai jinakA mAnavatA ke nirmANa meM gaharA hAtha hai| mAnava jIvana ke stara kA sahabhAvanAmoM kI ora unnayana (serimadan ra ahiMsA zAnti Adi ke saMdeza dvArA mAnava kI naitika niSThAvo kI jAti aura vijayinI mAnavatA kI vizva saMvedanA ina kRtiyoM meM hai ata: prastuta prabandha kA mahatva evaM samAja aura sAhitya ko goga dAna aura adhika bar3ha jAtA hai| (25) sAhityika AlocanA: prApta sAmagrI tathA tathyAkhyAna aura tathya nirUpaNa (matya) ko eka tarapha rakhane ke bAda lekhaka ne kRtiyoM kI sAhityika AlocanA prastuta kI hai| jisase zakSiyoM ke bhAva pa aura kalA kI suSamA kA adhyayana ho ske| nirapekSa dRSTi ke ina racanAmoM kA adhyayana se yaha bAta ho jAtA hai ki inameM se aneka kRtiyA idha sAhityika kalya kI dRSTi se lipI gii| inhIM varamoM ke bAdhAra para yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki prastuta prabandha apane bApa meM mIki tyA aneka pramoM kA nirAkaraNa karane vAlA hai hI vaha AdikAla ke adhyayana sambandhita eka bAba prabhAva kI pUrNa karane kA prayAsa karatA hai| prastuta prakAza lekhaka ne pApA kA adhyayana nahIM kiyA hai| kyoMki yahalekhaka ke lie vinAvara vizva thaa| mAmA vijJAna ke lie yetiyA paryApta bodha gai apekSA sahI hai| vividha kAma mo kA adhyayana karate samaya amAtya pUrva kRtiyoM ke padoM kA vikara unakA vargI, parikA, mAvi kA sAmAnya vana kara diyA hai| pApi yaha niyama rakhAmI bAbIM pAlA gayA hai|

Page #82
54 bhASA kI dRSTi se isa racanAoM kI dhvani, zabda, rUpa aura vAkya vinyAsa Adi kA zodha pUrNa vizleSaNa honA atyAvazyaka hai| ina kRtiyoM kI bhASA kA adhyayana isalie bhI atyAvazyaka ho jAtA hai ki prAcIna rAjasthAnI jUnI gujarAtI, prAcIna braja, mAlavI, Adi vibhASAoM meM apas ke ara kitane haiM, DorasainI aura nAgara apa se devI pAkAoM meM pArasparika sambandha kyA hai, tathA uttara apabhraMza ne hindI kA sthAnakitanI taraha se prApta kiyA hai Adi sabhI mahatvapUrNa prazna ina kRtiyoM ke zabda, rUpa, dhvaniyoM Adi ke vaijJAnika adhyayana hone para hI Dala ho skeNge| ataH prastuta prabandha meM bhASA ke pa svataMtra zodha kA viSaya samajha kara anusaMghitsu snAtakoM ke lie ko bhASA vijJAna ke chor3a diyA gayA hai| / kRtiyoM kA pATha sampAdana ina racanAoM kA pATha sampAdana hindI sAhitya ke lie bahuta bar3I samasyA banA huA hai| parama saubhAgya kI bAta hai ki hamAre deza ke vibhinna vizva vidyAlayoM ne pATha vijJAna ko zodha kA viSaya banAnA svIkAra kara liyA hai| ataH aba bahuta sambhava hai ki pATha sampAdana para ina kRtiyoM ke lie kArya ho ske|raajsthaan hI nahIM, gujarAta, mAlavA, inTela, dillI Adi pradezoM ke jaina ajaina bhanDAroM meM vizAla saMkhyA meM pratiyAM parI par3I hai aura jaba taka unake samyaka vaijJAnika sampAdana hokara pATha prakAzita nahIM ho jAya taba taka ina kRtiyoM ke viSaya ke sambandha meM kucha bhI kaha samAjasambhava nahIM, to kaThina avazya hai| jainiyoM ke mAhoM meM mayAvadhi yaha paramparA pracalita rUpa meM milatI hai ki unakI pratiyoM kA ina pracAra ho / mataH yaha astryka dhanI jaina Aja bhI pratilipikAroM ko AjIvikA pradAna karate haiM aura pratiyoM kI pratilipi karavAte hai| sAtha hI eka hI bAbA kI aneka pratimAM rAjasthAna, gujarAta ke vibhinna bhaMDAroM meM milatI hai jisapara vibhinna kalama se pratilipi hone ke kAraNa aneka prakAra ke prAdezika prabhAva brUma par3e hai| bavaH ina prabhAvoM aura pradeSoM se mUla pATha kI rakhA karanA parama Avazyaka pratIta hotA hai| bastutaH pATha

Page #83
55 mizraNa, pAThoM ke milAna lipikAroM kI truTiyAM, pratiyoM kA vaMza nirdhAraNa, punarnimANa tathA pATha sudhAra Adi pATha vijJAna ke vibhinna siddhAntoM kA prayoga karane para hI ina kRtiyoM ke mUla athavA sambhAvya pATha taka pahuMcA jA sakatA hai| AdikAlIna hindI jaina kRtiyoM meM kaI kRtiyAM prakAzita hai udAharaNArtha- prAcIna gurjara kAvya saMgraha paratezvara bAhubalI rAsa, tribhuvana dIpaka prabandha, prAcIna phAgu saMgraha, * nara nArI saMbodha, gurjara rAsAvalI, prAcIna gurjara kAvya, aitihAsika jaina kAvya saMgraha, aitihAsika jaina kAvya saMcaya aadi| parantu inameM kucha kRtiyoM ko chor3akara adhikAMza pAThoM ke sampAdana avaijJAnika hai| ataH pATha vijJAna ke vidvAnoM kA dhyAna lekhaka atyanta vinamratA se isa ora AkarSita karatA hai| ina kRtiyoM kI bhASA kA adhyayana bhI bhI sambhava ho sakatA hai jaba ina kRtiyoM kA samyaka pATha sampAdana ho tathA inakI prAmANikatA sandigdha na ho / yo prAmANikatA to asaMdigdha hai hI kyoMki eka hI mUla prati kI aneka pratilipiyAM vibhinna bhaMDAroM athavA zAkhAoM se milatI hai| sAtha hI aneka kRtiyAM aisI bhI milatI hai jinakI puSpikAoM meM pratitidhikAra kA nAma, samaya, racanA kAla, sthAna sahI rUpa meM mila jAtA hai| ataH ina racanAoM kI prAmANikatA para prazna cinha nahIM laga sktaa| sAtha hI yaha bhI sambhava hai ki aneka racanAoM kI paramparA anuzrutibadUza hone se inameM aneka prasiddha aMDa aura bhUleM ho| ataH isa aura pATha vijJAna kI doSa kI pratyeka guMjAisa hai|

Page #84
ATTI

Page #85
hindI sAhitya ke AdikAla kAga aura samAna AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya kA samyaka adhyayana karane ke lie tatkAlIna gugIna paristhitiyoM meM paricita honA bahuta Avazyaka hai| sAhitya yuga kA pratinidhi hotA hai| usake caturdika samAja meM hone vAle choTe bar3e lagabhaga sapI ilacaloM kA usameM samAveza hotA hai| ataH yuga meM hone vAlI rAjanaitika, sAmAjika, dhArSika, Arthika, sAskRtika sAhityika Adi sabhI ghaTanAoM kA prabhAva sAhitya para par3atA hai| ata: sAhitya meM samAna tathA itihAsa kI pratyeka halabala kA prabhAva cita rahatA hai| vAstava meM yugIna paristhitiyA kisI sAhitya ko samajhane meM bhUla tatvoM kA kArya karatI hai| visa prakAra kisI kavi ke kAvya kA samyak anuzIlana karane ke liya usakI .gIna paristhitiyoM vaiyaktika jIvana tathA darzana arthAta mUla tatvoM kA adhyayana atyAvazyaka hai DIka isI prakAra uttara apAMca yA purAnI hindI kI ina kaviyoM ko samajhane ke liya usake mUla meM tatkAlIna ga batva kA adhyayana karanA hogaa| yugIna paristhitiyA mugIna paristhitiyoM meM gata nimmAdhipAtoM para vigara kiyA jAtA hai. (a) rAmaitika paristhitimA, (a) zakiparisthiliyA . ( ki paristhitiyAM (a) hariyA paristhitiyA

Page #86
57 (a)- rAjanaitika paristhiti: zrAdikAla kI bhUmi jina rAjanaitika paristhitiyoM ke Avala meM poSita huI hai unakI saMjhAti asAdhAraNa vaividhya se paripUrNa hai| 1000 se lekara saMvat 1500 I. taka hamAre deza meM rAjanIti ne aneka karavaTe badalI hai| rAjya ke lie hone vAlI ye aneka prAntiyAM itanI adhika prasiddha hai ki eka ora utthAna kI dRSTi sa kAla ko svarNa kAla kahA jAtA hai to dUsarI aura ise svatovyApAtoM kA kaal| vAstava meM bhI utAvI kara rakhI gvAdI ka isa muga ko rAjavaMzIya yuga kahA jA sakatA hai| madhya deza meM hI nahIM mAra lagabhaga sabhI pradezoM meM jina rAjanIti ke hameM darzana hote hai usameM jitane bhI uthala puthala gupaye saba AdikAlInadI naliyoM meM pRSThabhUmi kI nidhi ko jA sakate hai| ye rAjA loga itane adhika zaktizAlI the ki pratyeka rAgA svayaM ko Izvara kA avatAra mAnatA thA parantu sako bar3e durbhAgya kI bAta ina rAya thI kiye paraspara vidroha virodha aura yI kyA madatoSavA bIbhUta the| masa: ina mahatvapUrNa rAjanaitika paristhitiyoM kI rAya rakhanA kisa prakAra ho rahI thI yahI kI mahatvapUrNa ghaTanA hai| vAstava ina rAjanaitika paristhitiyoM kA adhyayana nimnAniko ne mAnA : (ka) rAma rAma gajamIna vibhinna rAjyoM jo sthitiyoM thI ugAne sAhitya mAvi kiyA hai| ina rAnaitika prAdezika paristhitiyoM kA vibhinna pradeza aura bAloM ke utthAna pana ga panyA ritA vibhinna rAjyoM ne bAina baudonoM ga prabhAva milAmi mA th.

Page #87
58 (3) (ka) rAjarvatra rAga : * isa yuga kA prArambha yadyapi chaThI zatAbdI se hotA hai, isI zatAbdI ko lekara 1200 I0 taka deza meM aneka lava prArambha huI ghaTanAoM kI isa thalaputhala me aneka sAhitya premI vidvAnoM ko bhI janma diyA hai| vibhinna pradezoM meM usa samaya jina prasiddha vaMzoM kA rAjya thA unake pArasparika yuddhoM aura usase utpanna vibhinna sthitiyoM kA paricaya vibhinna rAjapUta rAjyoM ke rUpa meM visarA par3A hai| ina vaMzoM meM mausarI vaMza, pratihAra vaMza, gurjara, paramAra, pAla, cAlukya, cauhAna, gADahabAra, aura saulaMkI atyanta prasiddha hai / mausarI yaMtra 1 madhya deza meM usa samaya aneka prasiddha janapada ina janapadoM meM kucha, paMcAla, sUrasena, kauzala, kAhI videza, aMga, dakSiNa kosala, vatsa, bedi, avaMti tathA matsya pramukha hai| ina pradezoM meM vibhinna vibhinna prakAra kI aneka boliyA~ haiN| jinameM pramukha pramukha hai-bar3I bolI, krama, avadhI, bhojapurI, maithilI, magahI, ranr3I bolI, bundelI, mAlavI aura jypurii| ina rAjyoM meM madhya deva mauriyoM kA rAjya thaa| sAtha hI paMjAba, gujarAta pradezoM meM guruvara bAvi pramukha thii| gauvarI baMda bAloM ne kamIja ko khUba umara utthaayaa| gupta sAmrAjya ke pazcAta pramAkara vacana kA lar3akA harSa mahUdI para baitthaa| varSa me mAlava deva ke guToM aura mamaya ke zAsakoM ko bAra bAra ddraayaa| mAlana, jayanti usame state forvAda meM ke rAjA ko harAkara sampUrNa rAjasthAna ko adhIna kara liyA hai| harSAlI rAjA kA paricaya pravivRddha yAtrI vedI meM milatA hai| apane kaI dUsoM ko mevA tathA apane deza kI kIrti kA prakAra phailAyA / sAhitya kA vikAsa, pR0 15, DA0 hamArI prasAda dvivedI /

Page #88
bana 4 harSavardadha ke pazcAt varmana ( 727-052) kA prasiddha rAjA yazovarmana huaa| svayaM zovarmana ko kAzmIra se hAra mAnanI pdd'ii| AThavIM zatAbdI pI vI ke samAna atyanta halavala pradhAna hai| yo isI samaya hI hamAre deza para araboM ne sindha para vikA prApta kI thii| bAThavIM zatAbdI ke madhya taka ina arayoM ke aneka AkramaNa hue| varNana ke yazovarmana ke darabAra meM uttara rAmavarita baiMsa nATakakAra tathA prAkRta kavi vAkyapati jaise vidvAna Aya : varSa ke samRddhizAlI rAjya kI rAjdhAnI kannauja ko 780 mAyudha ke zAsakoM ne hAtha meM liyaa| harSavardhana ke sAmAgya ke jo Takke gupa unameM nihAra baMgAla ke pAla, gujarAta aura mAlavA ke pratihAra pramukha the ina donoM kI AmanIna para lagI dhiiN|' idhara dakSiNa ke rAkUTa bhI kannaura ko 'lanA cAhate the| Ayurva ke rAmA indrAyudha aura cAyaca honoM nirmala the| vastutaH pravikAra bat rAba (sana ) aura moDezvara dharma pAla ne mAdhava kanIya bhagIratha prabatma liy| para vara dakSiNa rAmara rANA va (ne-m ne kI bAta para pAnI phera diyaa| rAmalUTa ma mAnA kI prathA minI kI gAya, kyoki unhI kI mAse avasAhitya mahApi svayaMm ki bAbarAba svayaM a y kisAna kaI anya race hai| isase pA rAsTa aura pratihAroM ke prakara mana kI bAga banI sI thii| mana meM tInoM jana nAyaka etadartha naye he| mayAba nagarI ko rAvAmI zer3anA nahIM cAhatI thii| ..dIpArivakA AdikAla se, hA sArI prasAda hotii| dezivamArA rAjasthAna. 4AsI vidyAprakAra hindI pavana pravAsa, 1 .

Page #89
60 mahAsi rAhula sAMkRtyAyana ne liyA hai ki "kannauja nagarI desI svayaMvara kanyA thI jise rAkUTa pratihAra aura pAla TInoM vyAhatA cAhate the| lekina svayaMvara kanyA sauta bana kara nahIM rahanA cAhatI thI / aba tInoM ummIdavAroM ko phaisalA karanA thA ki kauna apanA deza chor3a kAnyakuja jAne ko taiyAra hai| pratikAra nAgabhaTTa ne phaisalA kiyA vaha kannauja kA svAmI jana gayA bAkI donoM muMha tAkate raha ge| nAgabhaTTa maMdIra (jodhapura) tathA ujjaina kA zAsaka thA / ujjaina aura kannauja ke do kendra hAtha A jAne pratihAroM kI zakti divaguNa ho gii| mihira bhoja pratihAroM meM prasidha vAsaka (san 836-85) hue hai| mihira bhoja kA AtaMka sAre madhya ke para thaa| mihira bhoja ne pAla aura rASTrakUToM se aneka yuddha kie| arabI loga unase ghabarAte the| pratihAra nAgabhaTTa unase karIba karIba mahamuda ke hamale taka kannauja uttarIbhArata aura hAre bhArata ke lie jabaradasta DhAla banA rhaa| " bana ge| (4) rASTa mihira bhoja ke bAda mahendra pAla prathama (san 884-910) ne sAhitya sevA meM bar3A yoga diyaa| prasiddha mahAkavi tathA lekhaka sasvara unhIM ke darabAra meM the| mahAkavi rAjasevara meM kAvyamImAMsA, karpUramaMjarI, bAla bhArata, bAla rAmAyaNa Adi granthoM kI racanA kI hai| byU948 meM pratihAroM aMtima rAjA devAla hue haiM, phira to pratihAroM meM koI yaha nahIM rahA aura uttarI bhArata bhAvA madhya deva ne svayoM meM baTa gae tathA aneka naye rAjavaMza bhI " isa maMtra kI karatA pulakezI ke vAkya yaMtra kI samApti karane para sam 750 I0 meM huii| 200 varSoM taka rAmdasTa rAjA bar3e zaktizAlI bare rhe| zrI rAhula svaavn| deza 0 152, DA0 dhIrendra vargI | 1- handI kAvya vArA: 10 10 hindI kAvyadhArA: rAhula

Page #90
61 (6) kRtaka aura kabhI kabhI kAnI takanakA vizAla rAjyalA huA thA aura sudUra dakSiNa rAmezvara hI nahIM, kabhI kabhI to siMhala pI unakI AjJA ko mAnatA thA / kitanI hI bAra unake cor3oM kI TApa nA aura gaMgA ke ivAve (aMtarveda) meM pratidhvanita huI thI / kitanI bAra unake sainika yukta prAnta ke durgA meM mAlika banakara baiThate the| 1 pAlavaMza: isa vaMza meM gopAla aura dharmapAla pramukha zAsaka the| gorDezvara nAgabhaTTa ko hamAre sAhitya ko 84 siddhoM ko dene kA hai| aneka kavi inake yahAM Azraya pAte rhe| ataH pAlavaMza ke rAjAoM ko apabhraMza ke svayaM aura puSpadaMta jaise kavi utpanna karane tathA unheM Azraya dene kA yaha prApta hai| naye vaMza: gAiDavAra pratihAroM ke pazcAt bane gae rAjavaMzoM meM ajamera ke cauhAna, buMdela khaMDa ke candela, tripurI ke klacurI tathA mAlavA ke paramAra pramukha the| kannauja meM pratihAroM kA zAsana banA thaa| isa vaMza meM rAjyapAla- anaMgapAla tathA aMtima zAsaka yazapAla hue| rAjyapAla ke samaya sustAna mukuktIna ne tathA anaMgapAla ke samaya mahamUda gar3havIM ke Ama hue tine pratihAra zAsaka (san 1036) binhoMne 1036 taka rAjya kiyaa| pAva kamI kA kucha vaibhavazAlI kendra prativAroM ke bAda gAhar3avAroM ke hAtha lgaa| gAibAroM meM indradeva, govinda candra ke pazcAta unake putra mahArAja 1- hindI samma pArA rA sIkRtyAyana pU0 25 /

Page #91
() vijayacaMda san 1954 meM rAjA hue| gAbara ke antima zAsaka abaMda / gaMgA kI ghATI meM inake rAjya kA vistAra taka bhI gayA tarka thA eka prakAra se yaha vartamAna uttara pradeza aura bihAra kA sammilita rAjya thaa| inhIM ke samaya gaurI ne madhyapradeza para Azmana kyaa| pRthvIrAja ko harAne ke bAda gorI ne jayananda kI senAmoM meM pahalI bAra phuTaper3a kii| man 1999 meM iTAvA kI bher3a meM jayacanda mAre gae aura pahalI bAra hamAre deza kA rAjya sthAyI rUpa meM multAna zAsakoM ke hAtha meM, jo vidharmI aura vibhinna saMskRti ko mAnane vAle the, siim| jayacaMda bAhityobhI zaka the| unake darabAra meM zrI harSa rahate the, binDoti nai risa ase bAla kAsyoM kI sarvanA kii| isa prakAra baibhava kI nagarI mIra ne satAbdiyoM taka zAsakoM ko AkarSita kiyA / kabhI bhI ina madhyadeza kI ikAIyat alaga ho jAtI thii| madhyadeza ke dakSiNI bhAga meM jima, cauDAna kasarI, manTela aura paramAroM para pahale Azika prakAza DAlA pauhAna - bArI (sAMgara aura mera) AAT / mera basAne bAle bhayarAbAjI sAbI bAgA isI bIsaladeva vidyArAja - vilInIyako gAr3avAra rAmA vihiinaa| bImadeva gala premI sI bAhitya racanA karate the|yhii - vijaya(pa ..., DA. vIrendra mA prakAza mizArI rAmyANa pariSada, pttmaa| ( O ran bAhiDivIra vyAsthAna, 10-10, "MAArI vidii|

Page #92
63 nahIM sAhitya premI hone ke sAtha sAtha ve vidyApremI tathA vidyAnurogI bhI the| ajamera kA DhAI dina kA jhopA inhIM ke dvArA sthApita eka vidayApITha thaa| svayaM bIsaladeva ne harakeli nATaka likhA hai jisake kucha bhAga patthara para sude ajamera kI eka masjida meM mile hai| hindI ke prAcIna kAvya narapati nAlaba kRta bIsaladeva rAsoM meM inhIM bIsaladeva kA varNana hai| mahAkavi somadeva ke lalita vigraha rAja ke kucha bhAga bhI isI taraha mile hai| ajamera dillI para dUsare prasiddha zAsaka (1171-12) pRthvIrAja hue inhoMne kannauja ke jayacanda kI putrI saMyogitA kA apaharaNa ki / gorI ko inhoMne kaI bAra harAyA tathA mahone ke candela zAsaka paramAla para AkramaNa karake inhoMne kaI kile jiite| ye san 1992 meM jayacanda kI sahAyatA lekara phira lar3ane Aye aura deza kI kUTanIti aura phUTa ke kAraNa anya meM hAre tathA mAre gae / kahate haiM ki pRthvIrAja rAsoM ke lekhaka mahAkavi banda inhIM ke darabAra meM rahate the| inakI mRtyu ke pazcAta dillI ajamera kA zAsana videzI AkramaNakAriyoM (musalamAnoM) ke hAtha meM calA gyaa| kalaDarI maMtra: jabalapura ke koksa kA yaha rAjya kalacurI vaMza kA thA / mahArAja ya (1011-1041) atyanta parAkramI hai| inakA dASya prayAga, kAzI, utkala parva kama taka thaa| anta meM ye moja paramAra se hara ge| maMgulI aura rAjA bhoja kI kahAvata prasiddha hai| inake bAda yaha baMdhavA ho gyaa| isake dile bar3e prasiddha the| prasiddha zAsaka jejA ke kAraNa hI ise jejAka mukti kahate hai| udaka meM bajurAhoM ke prasiddha maMdira ko ba ke mahArAja yazovarmana ne bnaayaa| dhaga aura paiDa ke bAda antima caMdela rAjA paramAla

Page #93
64 (9) the / (1165-1203 ) / inheM pRthvIrAja ne hraayaa| paramAdri deva ne kutubuddIna evaka se bhArI zuddha kiyaa| para anta meM ve haare| caMdela ke prasiddha sthAnoM meM prasiddha kalAtmaka sthAna jaiva mandira tathA bajurAhoM aura kAliMjara ke durgoM ko nahIM bhulAyA jA sktaa| paramAra vaMzaH antima vaM mAlavA ke paramAroM kA thA / pahale paramAra zAsaka upendra pratihAroM ke AdhIna the| unake nirbala par3ate hI (san 150) meM mAlavA ke paramAra rAjA svataMtra ho ge| prasiddha sAhitya premI mahArAja muMja (974-998) isI vaMza meM hue muMja ne hamAre deza ko bar3e bar3e vivAna sAhityakAra pradAna kie| inake darabAra meM nATyazAstra va dazarUpaka ke prasiddha lekhaka dhanaMjaya tathA dazarUpA va loka lekhanI ke dhanika the| gaTTha halAyudha jaise prasiddha vyaktitva inhIM ke darabAra kI upaja hai| muMja kI isa rahI sahI kamI ko isI vaMza meM hone vAle mahArAja poja ne pUrI kara dii| inake rAjya meM paramAra vaMza kI pragati carama para phuNcii| moja sAdhAraNa vikrAnurAgI aura saMskRta premI the| moja ke bhAI udayAditya kA banAyA huA udayezvara kA maMdira udayapura ke pAsa bar3A hai| moja ne aneka saMskRta meM racanAe~ likhI hai| muMja aura bhoja donoM bAbA bhatIje saMskRta prAkRta ke sAtha devI mAmA ke premI hai| eka bhojavAlA nAmaka prasiddha vidyApITha mI moja ne banAyA jisako bAda meM mAnoM ne masjida banA liyaa| kira (1305 ) para kAuddIna billI kA zAsana ho gyaa| gujarAta ke solaMkI rAjA dona vedi ke klari rAjA karma ne turkoM se kaI rAjya vAi lekara uttarI rAjasthAna ke rAste vindha taka dhAve kara unase lohA liyaa| navanti ke atirikta dahapura (navavIra) aura mevAr3a kA adhikAra bhI paramAroM

Page #94
ke adhIna thaa| bAga (DaMgarapura bAsavAr3A) para :nakI dUsarI zAkhA sAmanta ke rUpa meM rAjya karatI thii| sthA samata pazcimI rAjAdhAna aura dakSiNI pUrvI sindha meM loTe choTe aneka paramAra sAmanta 15vIM zatAbdI taka rhe| uttarI rAjasthAna meM bharI kA cauhAna rAjya bhI mahamUda ke bAda bahuta adhika pramukhatA meM pAyA aura havIM zatAbdI ke uttarAIdha meM avAhina pATaNa kA caulasya (bolakI) rAgya bhI phira se saMbhala baitthaa| vA ke bhIma kolaMkI ne varSa kI sahAyatA se bhoja para car3hAI kii| bhIma golaMkI ke uttarAdhikArI siddharAja jayasiMha hue aura kumArapAla ke samaya gujarAta kA solaMkI rAjya bahuta kaba gyaa| jayasiMha ne dApura, cittaur3a mevAr3a kA pUrvI pradeza paliMga bI, aura udayapura taka pradeva jiite| beDana ke pUrvI taTa para dUra taka hara isake dyotaka hai| mevAr3a jila punoM bApa rAvala bAta prasiddha hai jinhoMne bharava mAmmana ke samaya dAhira kI bar3I sahAyatA kii| avanti vijaya ke bAda mevAr3a Dila puna gujarAbavAloM ke sAmanto ge| mevAr3a pazcima meM A paramAra rAjya tathA galaura mATo rohAna bArambha se hI gujarAta morapiyoMIina the|maar pAla ke samaya bhATI majjala yA sala, vine (15) banera nagara kI sthApanA kI, mI pAjhayo gAnA liyA gyaa| u sanera bIra pani pUrvamA kAnuSA utArI aura madhya rAjasthAna bIre pIrabAbarI pAcauhAna rAjyoM vilIna ho gyaa| tI pUrvara pAhAyo (-1), apaca ke aneka kaviyoM ko ma bibA dimA bahAya tathA gurjara kSetra meM ravita huI / bivAnoM ne isake daravAra ko baina kA hai| bI ... kadhIre dhIre ho gyaa|

Page #95
66 (11) prema vAryAvarta meM bhI isI prakAra ke choTe choTe aneka rAjya kI sthApanA huii| udAharaNArtha uttarApatha meM kAbula tathA paMjAba kA prasiddha rAjavaMza pUrva meM kAmarupa ke vaMza baMgAla meM pAla tathA sena aura kaliMga ur3IsA ke rAjavaMza, kazmIra meM kakeTika tathA utpala baiMka, dakSiNa meM badamI ke vAkya devagiri ke yAdava aT AT ke kAkatIya aadi| ina rAjyoM meM bhI paraspara mela nahIMthA, para saet frekRtika sthiti meM adhika antara nahIM hai| inameM kabhI kabhI vivAha aura guddoM se bhI samparka mila jAtA hai isa prakAra ina vibhinna vaMzoM kI ukta sthiti ko dekhate hue rAjavaMza kAla kI rAjanaitika sthiti bahuta saMtoSajanaka pratIta nahIM hotii| madhyadeza meM paraspara yuddha hote rhe| pArasparika sparthI bivAha, Adi yuddha ke kAraNa the| sAmrAjyalipsA se vibhinna krAMtiyAM huii| nIMva kamajora hotI gii| ina paristhitiyoM ke hone para bhI yaha spaSTa hai ki ina rAjAoM ne saMskRta, prAkRta aura patra ke mahAkavi tathA lekhaka paidA kiH / svayaMm puspadanta, fageafa bAdi aneka inake prati hI hai| parantu ina hone vAle yuddhoM kI kror3a meM eka aisI bhayaMkara videzI bAga phailI jisane kalA saMskRti tathA sAhitya ke aneka moThoM ko jalAkara DAka kara diyaa| bAda meM rAjabaMdha milakara raha sakate to islAma aura zAsana ko kabhI sAtha nahIM milA hotA aura Aya hamAre aneka sthAna bandira pustakAlaya aura grantha maMDAra nahIM ho| yaha videzI bAga iskAna thI jisakA paricayati hai| (2) iskAna 7 (019-2800)2 isa yuga kI sthApanA yAdI hI mAnI jAtI hai isameM islAma ne kiya para adhikAra kie| 10vIM aura 11vIM bAda meM istAna kI ikta nahIM aura kAbula hI nahIM lAhaura bhI hindU ke hAtha se gyaa| islAma ma mAyA ke itihAsa meM eka kAzikArI par3hanA hai| ka

Page #96
67 1- hindI kAvya dhArA, 10 hindI kAvya cArA, (12) freethAna kA yaha kathana avarazaH satya hai ki muslima rAjya kI sthApanA bhArata ke lie eka bahuta bhArI ghaTanA thii| abhI taka jitane bhI videzI AkramaNakArI bhArata meM A meM, vaha bhAratIya saMskRti ko svIkAra kara hI usameM apanI aura se kucha karake bhI hajAroM jAta pAtoM meM bisare bhAratIya jana samUha meM milate ge| lekina jaba jisa saMskRti aura dharma se vAstA par3A vaha kAphI sabala thA / use hajama karane kI tAkata brAhmaNoM ke jIrNI DhAMce meM nahIM thI |--sNdesh rAsaka ke racayitA kavi abUla rahamAna (1010 I0 kA julAhA vaMza dasavIM sadI ke anya se pahale hI samAna ho cukA thA / islAma jaba bhArata ke dUsare dezoM meM phailA to vahA para bhI hama pramukha zilpI jAtiyoM ko bar3I ivI se islAma dharma svIkAra karate dekhate haiN|" " isa taraha islAma kA kSetra bar3hatA gayA / 1014 I0 meM mahamUda gajanavI ne hindI pradeza para pahalA AkramaNa kiyaa| usane mathurA aura kannauja ke maMdiroM ko ttuuttaa| kamIja usa samaya vaktihIna thaa| thAnezvara bhI musalamAnoM ke hAtha maiM calA gayA thaa| kyU 1015 meM usakI somanAtha kI chUTa prasiddha hai| ina ikoM kA uddezya kevala na TUTanA tathA karanA thA para isa chUTa nevAda kI puSTi kii| isase rAhula DIkRtyAyana ke isa kathana kA maucitya spaSTa hotA aura kabhI bhI islAmI ka hai ki vIke ke nIce le gae the| kA hindU va eka eka karake karane ke lie kAla kI pratIkSA kara rahe hai| masUda aura dUsare kitane hI muslima vijetAoM ke mandiroM para bhI prahAra kiyaa| lekina ve itanA zrama sirpha pattharoM ke tor3ane ke lie hI nahIM kiyA karate the| ve jAte the manToM aura pujAriyoM dvArA hI jamA kI huI apAra bhAga ko ttuuttne| isase yaha lAbha 30-31. zrI kRtyAyana / 12 zrI rA

Page #97
jarUra huA ki mandiroM va devatAoM kI hajAroM se sthApita mahimA bahuta ghaTa gii| koItAjjuba nahIM di dillI vijaya ke bAda tIna sadiyoM taka hindU saMta bhI mUrti aura devatAoM ke pI laTTha lekara par3a gae aura cAroM ora nirgaNavAda kI IdamI bapane lgii| 1016 . paMjAma meM bhI musalamAnoM ne apanA sikkA jamA dhIre dhIre turka sattA madhyAdeza vathA anya pradezoM meM phailatI gii| 1999 meM muhammada gorI ne bhArata para AkramaNa kara pRthvIrAja va jayacaMda ko harAyA tathA 11 . maiM gorI ke eka mApati hammada bina astiAra meM san 197 meM magadha ke pAlAsoM aura man 191 baMgAla ke sena ko samApta kiyaa| bhArata kA mana ibIma aipa ko pauMpa kara gorI punaH ganI balA HAT! aika ne sana dekara ko jiitaa| deza isa taraha sArA meM zAsana meM jaba gyaa| mAlavA avasya 10 varSa taka svataMtra rhaa| isa taraha salamAnoM kA sama... varSa claa| 115.. a gulAma vA rAjya karatA rhaa| rAjasthAna dillI, kAmera, nAgaura jIne ke liye / samora jyA mADI gAlIramAna tathA jarA moThayoM ke khA mevAr3a ali abasyo mA ko ko mAlavA gujarAta kI tarapha bane rok| uttara pazcimI zrImAnta parI basa khAlamera mala kA bhATIrAba suntAna aura vikI ra unake imaloM me sAmme vAra rAjA siMha ne mAna baniyo , yo panIra se ujjaina ko sUTa ra pani jIrA guNarAva masinAI pATaga para car3hAI karane jA rahA bA. barArI ravIvADA mAya bare itihAsa prasiddha ho gyaa|' - - - t-mArA rAvasthAnI vIsiyA vikaar|

Page #98
69 (14) isI prakAra 1237 I0 meM bahana ko bhI mevAr3a ke mahArAvala samarasiMha se hAra bAnI pdd'ii| mevADha se gujarAta ke rAste mile hue the| ataH mevA ke mevAtiyoM ne prANa praNa se turkoM ko idhara bar3hane se rokaa| mevAtI loga purAne varkoM ke vaMzaja the| ye bar3e lar3Ake aura durdamanI the| ataH raNathaMbhaura aura gvAliyara kI rakSA mevAr3a ke inhIM vIroM ke kAraNa ho sakI / 129060 maiM qhilajI vaMza ke kAraNa rAjanIti meM vividha parivartana dikhAI par3ate haiN| alAudIna khilajI ko mevAr3a ke rAvala samarasiMha se hAra mAnI par3I, para usane phira mevAr3a ke dakSiNa kI parikramA kara chan 1298 meM gujarAta aura pATana para ahamadAbAda hokara dhAvA kiyaa| aba rAjasthAna bhI ina AkramaNakAriyoM dvArA tInoM tarapha se ghira gyaa| bilajI balAu dUdIna se 1301 meM ramaura, 1302 meM cittaur3a ko gheraa| ratnasiMha kI sundarI rAnI padmAvatI ne saikar3oM vIrAMganAoM ke sAtha jauhara kI dhadhakatI lapaToM meM praveza kiyaa| khilajI ne isa prakAra 1319 I0 taka mAravAr3a ke jAlauna, nAkaula, sivAnA, pIeere, bAcaura (satyapura) tathA jaisalamera jItA | AdikAlIna hindI jaina kI dhanA racita kRti satyapurIya mahAvIra utsAha meM alAuddIna ke bAcaura yA vatyapura para AkramaNa kI kyA spaSTa hotI hai| isa prakAra va tAvRdI meM rAjasthAnameM bhI huI Adhipatya pUrvataH BT gyaa| san 1320 I0 meM tugalaka vaMtra baayaa| mahArANA hammIra ne malakoM ko cunautI dekara cittaur3a puna: ke diyaa| kucha adUradarzI kAryoM se mevAr3a ke mahArANA kADhA ne kAma uThAyA para vyU 1398 ke taimUra ke hamale ne 1- dekhie gujarAta mI sAMskRtika itihAsa 0 121-130 dvArA zrI ratnamaNi rAva bhImarAva joTe prakAzaka gujarAta varnAkyUlara sosAiTI, mhmdaabaad| k 2- devi prastuta kA AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya (3) sva kAvya paramparAye nAmaka adhyAya

Page #99
70 (15) pratiSThA miTTI meM milA dii| mevAr3a ke donoM dAjuoM para mAlavA aura gujarAta meM taba do bhAratIya puslima rAjyoM kI sthApanA huii| mAlavA ke paThAna the aura gujarAta ke thAnezvara ke pAsa rahane vAle TAka (taka triga) jo phiroja tugalaka ke sama., meM balamAna bane the tathA dillI saltanata ke prAntIya zAsaka the, aba svataMtra ho ge| pazcimI rAjasthAna meM sirohI jAlaura tathA nAaura para gujarAtiyoM kA adhikAra thaa|dkssinnii pazcimI rAjasthAna meM bhATiyoM ne jaisalamera rAjya ko punaH saMgaThita kyiAmadhya mAravAr3a meM Dovara kA pratihAra vaMza thA jinakA nAgaura ke turka puslima dhAne ke barAbara saMgharSa calanA thaa| rAjasthAna meM gujarAta ke solaMkI, paramAra rAmbaTa Adi svarA jIvana bitAte the inameM ekatA nahIM thii|is taraha vIM vIM zatAbdI taka yaha saMgharSa hotA rhaa| 5. modI va maanaa| mahArANA kumbhA kI sattA mAnanI par3I tathA unhoMne mahArANA ko hindustAna kA 'vindra (man pradAna kiyaa| gujarAba aura mAlavA ko to pahale hI harA diyA thA mA banne 15.. bAiyoM para saphalatA na milii| mAravAr3a rAIra ravAla jodhA ko mahArAmA ne zarAba ke kliA nAgaura jAlaura mAvikA ( 1) bAnta kA kiyA thaa| nAgaura kA puslima kendra parivamI rAsthAna rAti purAnoM kA mahA mArAmAmA ( 45-58 on) usa para bIma mAna lie aura na 458 meM gujarAta ke sultAna zAdIna kI binA para rANasthAna meM koM (islimoM ko mahAsa ko , maha hA, Iko pATa aura bar3I masjida mera pAre nAgora rAya ko kAra kA gorA piparivartita kara jAga dezamA manda ho jAne para usakI ramAta ttavAvAlA mAnA

Page #100
zAkhAoM aura pattoM kI taraha phaile anya muslima kendra mAno adhne Apa hI bhI gae aura naSTa ho ge| tabhI mahArANA kI sahamati se rAva jodhA ne maMDovara ke samIpa hI vartamAna jodhapura kI nIMva (san 1459) meM tathA joga ke eka meTe ne san 1495-71 meM apane lie eka naye rAjya bIkAnera kI sthApanA mahArANA kumbhA bar3A hI vizvAna thaa| vaha marAThI aura mana kA aA jAtA thaa| usane gIta-ratnAkara kI racanA kI jisakI eka mAtra prati bIkAnera ke rAjakIya pustakAlaya ke sAtha kannar3I TIkA bhI hai| isa prakAra madhya deza meM to islAma kA sarvatra bolabAlA rahA yA jANakAriyoM ne kahA kI kalA saMskRti aura prAcIna sAhityako pUrA pUrA vaMza kiyaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki ma dezIya prAntoM kI AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhilkI adyAvadhi koI bhI prAcInatama racanA 15vIM batAidI ke pahale kI upalabdha nahIM hogii| bAta sambhava hai ki ye saba naSTa ho gaI hogI yA yaha bhI sambhava hai vikI DAra meM dabI par3I meM jo kAlAntara meM hone vAle zodha meM paayo| kI prAnakAriyoM kA ne bhanI parisara yAya ne bayAna aura gujarA barAmara ke se| isIlima prAcIna rAjasthAna aura zarAbabAdikAla kI vanAmoM sAtha sAtha saMskRta, prA yA apazaka kI miyA bhI tantn skii| sAre puravita hAroM meM samA tInoM bhAgoM purAnI hindI vipula sAhitya ra madhyakAlIna gariyo ho hajAroM aura lAmo pratiyoM mArA rAjasthAna vIsiMha mevaa|

Page #101
72 () kI surakSA kI hai| yahAM taka ki jaina kaviyoM ne to apane kAma ke prabhAva se ilAma zAsakoM taka ko prabhAvita kara diyA thaa| AdikAla kI eka rAsa kRti ambadevamUri kRta samarA rAsa! to alAuddIna ke senApati alapamAna ko rAma ke nAyaka samarasiMha ne bahuta adhika prabhAvita kara nikAlA thA tathA jaina mandiroM kA bIDvAra banAyA thaa| isI prakAra aitihAsika jaina ma kAvya meM prakAzita anekoM AdikAlIna aitihAsika kAgo meM tatkAlIna bArAhoM para jaina auna kaviyoM kA prabhAva dekhA gayA hai pithaharAsa kahIrAsa Adi meM bhI paise hI varNana hai| ata: ye pratimA mekoM kI syA bhAga mila rahI hai| vibhinna islAma zAsako prabhAvita mAgIra bhaMDAra ho abhI taka baMda par3A hai| bAta samma ki usakI zedha hone para isa sambandha meM aura adhika naye mAtama sAmane aayeN| isa taraha 15.... taka islAma ke isa phogI zAsana ke madhyadeza dAcina gujarAta tathA rAjasthAna ko padAta karake morA to avazya parantu isake pIche bhI islAma dharma ke pracAra kI bhAvanA kUTa kUTa kara bharI dikhAI par3atI hai| rANaDoM kI pArastha rika phUTa, rAjanaitika nA kI kamI, pakvA kA bhAva durganika ganna mAvi ne sAhitya varga thA ki mAnakA sammandhI naye mUlyoM kI sthApanA kii| bAlaka hI rAti paristhitiyoM meM hamAre dezI gAya, pArmika yA tikonoM meM naye varava sthApita kiyA hai| isa samaya mAdikAlIna sAhitya kI pRSThabhUmi rAma sAdhAraNa yoga hai| piprAcIna barAbI pIDI. kA . 17 // zAsana kAvya : zrI jagaranATA prAkamATA drAkSa kA- pIsI.DI.kAla pariziSTa ....24 // 1-

Page #102
(ba) * dhArmika paristhitiyAM / AdikAla(... se 15..2000 meM hamAre deza meM pracaliH dharmoM kA vizleSaNa isa kAla kI racanAoM ko samajhane ke lie parabhAvazyaka hai| sa vibhinna rAjanaitika paristhitiyoM ne hamAre deza meM eka naye dharma kI dRSTi kI hai| islAma dharma vAstava meM inhIM videzI AkramamoM kA pariNAma hai| isake pUrva yahA aneka dharma pracalita the| hamArA deza bhI dharmaprANa kahalAtA hai| ata: isameM aneka dhore darzana eka hI sAtha kie jA sakate hai| AdikAla adhIta saM 10.0 se 15. taka hamAre deza meM jo vibhinna dharma pracalita the isa prakAra hai: 1- jaina dharma -mAnaka dharma -islAma - bauddha dharma baudha varSa isakA ki pragati para nahIM thaa| isa bhArambha meM yaha parva gaNa ke pIDA philamoM aura vidyApIThoM kI baa| bhI sAiDI garAIba kI isakI kI sIsIhone laga gaI thii|viiN sAdI borApA ne isa saMbana kara vaidika kI sthApanA kii| bI pIyoM kI sAdhanA ra vAcAra pI doSa A gae the| maTho, mArAmoM aura vikAroM ka pokA bA-vara mAdi devatA banAne ko ba, gA prAra, grahaya samAja tathA strI sAdhanA paDya ko pUrA mAvimA gyaa| isa aprAkRtika tatvoM mAraNa konogana aura melA mAne sre| idhara TIRTAN pUrva

Page #103
jarjarita kara dibauddha dharma ke siddhAnta dI the: 1. cAra Arya sara 2. bAraha prakAra ke pratIta-satpAda cAra prakAra ke Arya satya hai. isa samudaya, nirodha aura pratipada yA maarg| kyA gArA prakAra kA pravItya satpAda hai| avidayA, parakAra, nAmaruSa, kalAyatana, sparma, vedanA, mA, upAdAna, bhava jAti, jarA parama aura shek| saMsAra ke pukta honA pratyeka prANI kA kartavya hai| jIvana parivartana kI bAra avasyA utpAda, sthiti, jarA aura nirodh| yaha siddhAnta paudhoM kA vivAda hai|maatmaa sambandha gautama idha ne sabhI spaSTa nahIM kiyaa| ina siddhAntoM kA kAlAntara hIna bAna aura mahAyAna gAnoM meM vibhAjana ho gyaa| mahAyAna aneko so baTAvAba, vijAnabAda, mApAva Adi saba kamajora ho ge| janatA ko bayAna kA zilpa aura bhI mAnaka aura mita lgaa| maugika kiyA, mahAnadrA, maMtra sabase isa kA logoM kI mAsthA haTa gii| jisane baudA pavitra pijhAnA isa zi aura zipiyoM ivArA pita hone kI mAna ne isa sapanA kI rogAvakArI thArya vana kiyA. pIya sAlI para pA usakI pIrI kisanI hI moriyA vikipAla memenI bauna pArasakI liI mAvika yA apane pAsa nahIM rakha the| aba una apanI purAnI mAge kara jAnA pUrI aura grAhakoM ke hAtha pratikakA bhAga / pAipa kabhI bhI viMya-nAga aura vIDiyo sAmane rakhakara homoM kI bAtoM meM kAma vA karanA cAhate haiN| sI boga samAvi, ra, kAliI, pAnImA

Page #104
75 sela"goM ko apanI orIMcanA cAhate therbI siddhoM ke vicitra jIvana aura loka bhAga kI kavitAoM ko bhI isa kAma ke lie istemAla karate the| magara yaha saba havA meM tIra balAnA thaa| aba bhI bahusaMkhyaka janatA kI kitanI hI samasyAeM sAmane thI lekina bIidhoM ke mastika aura hathiyAra iMThita hothe|........ marahampA kA sahajayAna na mantara, bhUta, preta, devI, devanA sambandhI bajAroM mizyA vizvAsoM aura DhogoM ke paidA karane kA kAraNa bnaa| are milyA vicAroM aura DoMgoM ke paidA karane kA kAraNa mana ye sAre miyA vizvAsa sArI divya zaktiyoM mahamUda aura muhammada bina bastiyAra ke sAmane dhothI nikalI aura bArA kumAlA, lokezvara aura bhImandiroM aura maThoM meM hajAra hajAra varSa kI amA huI apAra sampatti apane mAlikoM aura pujAriyoM ke sAtha dhvasta ho gii| vaicU miyoM ke rahane ke lie jaba na koI mihAra rahA ra unake saMrakSaka aura pokara sAmanta pahilI avasthA meM ro, na sAdhAraNa janatA kA vizvAsa pUrvavat sA to unheM bhArata meM dila kATanA rikta hone lgaa|pshcim kI dharatI ko una se pahale hI mila kI thii| lekina utsara (viSaya) praba (bI, pIka) aura bani (Dila) meM aba bhI unake svAgata karane vAle vAyUda the| isa prakAra ye me baudha baudaya hasthoM mamA bAhara ko ge| milIbhAva meM sva baudha dharma me tane se| aura jisakI viparIma samAI, ghara cale ge| isa prakAra nAmA nizitA dhvaMsa bAda pAnIpIDiyo bIcamA raha gayA. - 1- vI kAmagArA. zrI rAma sAMkRtyAyana /

Page #105
ukta vivevana se isa kAla meM baudha dharma ke kAlu kI sacco kahAnI spaSTa hotI hai| AThavIM zatAbdI meM baMgAla meM pAla rA. isa dharma ko pAlate rahe aura kaI varSoM taka hiAra,gAla, DIsA meM bauddha bihAra, mAraNa, ucATana, mohana tathA vazIkarama kI vidyA ke kendra bane rhe| idhara brAhmaNa dharma ne isa dharma kI rahI sahI pratimA ko bhI dhUla meM pilA diyaa| ataH bauddha dharma kA apakarSa hI isa AdikAla kI pRSThabhUmi * spasTa hotA hai| hI apane parAbhava kAla meM sAhityika kSetra meM baudhoM kA vo yogadAna rahA, vaha paryApta mahatvapUrNa kahA jA sakatA hai| gare aura naSTaprAya varga ke hone para bhI bauddha kavi sAhitya sAdhanA dvArA hI apane gama aura patana kA mAno bahiSkAraNa karanA cAhate ho| usa kAla meM ravita baudayoM kA sAhitya AdikAla ke pUrvAdha kI sampatti hai jisa paravartI racanAoM meM preraNA ke rUpa meM dekhA jA sakatA hai| pAka kI dRSTi se baudha Adolana kA kA mahatva hai| paudhoM ne jana sAdhAraNa kI bhASA apnaaii| ata: saMskRta ke sthAna para pAlI prAva meM umami racanAeM kii| sarahappA aura nuhamA ne to apane sAhitya pUjana kiyaa| unakA dohA koka atyanta prasiddha hai| loka bhAga bauddhayoM kI sampati bana gii| parantu seba unakI kavitAnoM kA bahuta kA hamAre pAsa bA / umajhI kI choTI geTI dhArmika asvI vIM sadI kI pAsa anuvAdoM maujUda hai magara se bhI adhika yA una pustakoM kI sI hogI yo udadha sAMsArika aSTa ma ya kA mArA bAhara nahIM le pAI gaI aura gaurI gaTa gii| vAloM gAhityabAja yadi raha pAnA to apAMca aura madhyadeza kI vibhAgAno yA purAnI hindI kI balya nidhi ho /

Page #106
77 (22) (2) jaina dharma: bauddha dharma kI bhAti jaina dharma bhI AdikAlIna kAlo kI pRSThabhUmi samajhane meM paryApta sahA tA karatA hai| jaina dharma apane sadAcAra ke kAraNa AThavIM sadI ke rAmToM ke samaya se hI pragati para thaa| gurjara solaMkiyoM ne isa dharma meM apUrva yoga diyaa| lekina yudha priya sAmantoM ke kAraNa hemacandra jaise vidvAnoM ko bhI jaina dharma ke pramukha sidAnta ahiMsA ko kor3akara talavAra kA guNagAna prArambha kiyaa| islAma ke AkramaNa ke samaya jaina dharma ne apanA svarUpa bdlaa| para vyApArI varga tyA ku ddhA zramiko vaise hI kTara meM rhe| rAjAjoM meM hI nahIM jainiyoM meM kaI vIra jAti ke loga bhI the jinase kabhI bhavana, ka, gupta bhI hAra mAna maiThe the|udaahrnnaarth osavAla, pravAla, Adi ve aba - vyApAre vasati labhI- ko hI apanA mUla mAnane lge| anekoM mandira bane Ai, jaisalamera, bIkAnera pATaya tathA gujarAta ke jaina tIrtha etadaka uita kie jA sakate haiN| paudhoM kI bigar3I sAdhanA ke kAraNa jaina muniyoM meM bhI nirvANa mArI pAvijaNa kI bhAvanA prakArAntara se spaSTa hone lgii| jaina dharma ke pramukha tIrthakara mahAvIra ne bhI idha kI taraha loka bhASA prA aura apaza ko apnaayaa| bhASA kI dRSTi se donoM bAyolama sAhitya meM naye adhyAya kA prArambha karate hai| isakA kaa| vizAmbara sAvAya rAvasthAna yA ra mAsa aura digambara kA pracAra dalikhA / brAhama aura jAna aba dharmoM siddhAnta jora ra pAba pota vAdirApAnI me jaina dharma ko prazraya divAnApanoM digambara ramanAeM belagU tAmila tathA vizeSa mI yA rAsthAna kyA gujarAba yA tyA madhyA manI kaviyoM kI gahityika sevA pa

Page #107
(23) 78 jaina kaviyoM ne lagabhaga sabhI prakAra kI sAhityika sevA kI hai| inhoMne apabhraMza sAhitya ko rakhanA aura usakI surakSA meM sabase adhika kAma ki. T / ve brAhRmaNoM kI taraha saMskRta ke aMdha bhakta bhI nahIM the| kyoMki variSTa vizvAmitra kI bhAMti unake muniyoM ne saMskRta meM hI nahIM prAkRta meM bhI apane amUlya grantha likhe the| vyApArI hone se bahI mAtA tathA mAtRbhASA maiM likhane par3hane kA jJAna honA unake lie bahuta jarUrI thaa| brAhmaNoM kI samAja vyavasthA ke sAtha me madhe hue the| brAhamaNoM ke mahAbhArata purANa tathA kyAvAtI kA hara tarapha se prabhAva par3anA jarUrI thA / ka ki mu bUMda kI taraha the| isa prakAra jaina dhArmika netAoM ke lie yaha jarUrI ho par3A ki apane bhaktoM ko brAhamaNoM kA grAsa banane se bacAne ke lie apane svataMtra kyApurANa taiyAra kreN| vyApArI se yaha AzA nahIM rahI jAsakatI ki vaha dharma jAnane ke lie kaThina kaThina bhASAeM sIre / ataH jainiyoM ne deza bhASA meM kathA sAhitya kI dRSTi kii| jisake kAraNa svayaMpU aura puSpadanta jaise anamola advitIya kaviratna hameM mile| usa sAhitya kI rakSA ke lie hama aura hamArI agalI pIr3hiyA~ una caina nara nAriyoM kI hamezA kucha rahegI, jinhoMne ina amUlya nidhiyoM ko naSTa hone se bcaayaa| yAda rahie ina kyUkya nidhiyoM meM sirpha jainiyoM ke hI nahIM balki anudurrahamAna ke vAsaka jaise grantha mI hai| kI vyAkhyA yahI nahIM, paina kaviyoM ne dArzanika siddhAntoM 1- hindI kAvya dhArA pR0 38 zrI rAhula bAskRtyAyana / 2- jaina kI vistRta vyAkhyA agale anyAya ke siddhAnta vAle pakSa meM kI gaI hai| devi prastuta grantha kA vratIya badhyAya / (#) acara-gara wer (ba) vizeSa vistAra ke lie etadartha dekhie jaina darzana lekhaka ini zrI myAviSayI prakAcaka devAcArya jaina sabhAH pATa va 1956 /

Page #108
ke lie aneka grandha lise kintu dArzanika grandhoM ke atirikta jaina AcAryo ne vyAkaraNa, khagola, gaNita, rAjanIti, Ayurveda aura alaMkAra granthoM para bhI sa kine likhaa| paudhoM kI apekSA meM isa kSetra meM adhika udAra / prAkA atirikta apAMca gujarAtI, hindI, rAjasthAnI melA, tAmila aura vizeSa sanmahI sAhitya meM bhI unakA yoga atyAvikI nahIM AdikAla kA itanA vaividhyamaba vi na mi batkAlIna prAdezika pAmAnoM kI racanAoM meM sabase adhika hai| abhi meM jaina dharma ne hemandra ko AcArya prAna kiyA aura isase tatkAlIna sAna pAna tathA tapa syAma kI bhAvanA meM bhI paryApta parivarzana hue| sAyika dRSTi se mahAkAvya rUpaka kAma, gabamArika tathA bIra kAvya aitihAsika yA nATaka bampU koga, kAya sabhI nAgArgI kI isa kAta dena hai| rAmAyaNa purANa aura bhArata ne amana ko aura aba risopAnoM ko inhoMne mada pAna thA zAnivi maayaa| lokagIvana ko bA ne unI bAbAra bAra naitika nidhArAle balAne bAlA kAliyA prAina kaviyoM meM rakhA punarAma, mAnA hai| niymaanaa| bAkI mAra PF prasako mArA diyaa| nIti ko samaya sAnoM Ram gaMga'vataH bhAvikAlIna dIantI jaina satya preraNA ma mArAsa gAvitrI DA0harivaMza

Page #109
(25) grAhamaNa dharma isa dharma ke hindU dharma, grAhamaNa dharma, vaiSNava dharma, bhAgavata dharma, Adi kaI nA hai| saca to yaha hai ki yaha brAhamaNa dharma vAsudeva jAndolana kA hI svarUpa hai| vahI isa dharma hindU nAma kA sambandha hai yA nAma videziyoM kA diyA huA hai| kaima bIra baudha pArA ke atirikta vAyudeva bhAndolana ne isa brAhmaNa dharma kI nIMva ddaalii| yaha dharma pUrva aura uttara bhArata mabIe madhyadeza meM ptaa| vaiSNavoM aura boM meM bhI mata bheda thaa| yoM to grAhaka dharma kA ugama vaidika kAla thA parantu vaidika kAla ke devatAmoM -indra basna azina Adi kA sthAna brahamA viSNu maheza ne liyaa| dhIre dhIre kara ke dAnika siddhAnta brAhmaNa dharma kI sampati samajhe jAne lge| Izvara ko samajhane kA mArga meM bhakti mArga kahA gyaa| prAhAyoM kI isa samaya bana aaii| pandiroM kI pratiSThA bar3ha gii| upAsanA bhavana kIrtana Adi kA sUtra prabhAra gyaa| brAhamaNoM ne paudhoM ke bAma mArga pI bAdha diyaa| mAhamayI ivArA avaidha bAba kA pAnI ke do mAmaloM meM milA vizvAsoMge lAne mAnavatA ko bayA banAne liya purANoM meM yA ra rameza laavaa| zaharame bAtoM para vivAra ko siviyovAra we tell-son..bArAma bAla 2.pA- - bhAga rAmAnI lika vividha bhAgoM malinAbI pra timA para bhAgavata yA vaiyA bAvAmI bala saMkhma hai| aura vo bhI kiyA vAmagArabhAvoM ke paraspara usa va bhAvanAloM ko diyaa| mI mA dosA..

Page #110
81 (26) kAraNa zaMkara ne AThavI zatAbdI meM nAstikatA ke viruddha Andolana meM jJAna aura ahiMsA ko hAdhAra bhUta mAnakara vairAgya mArga kA pratipAdana pimna bhinna mUrtiyoM Izvara kI zakti kA pratIka samajhI jAne lgii| islA ke vijetAoM se mUrti kI rakhA karane ke kAraNa ina brAhmaNoM ne pUjA maiM jAviya bddh'aayaa| karma kA carama para pahuMca gyaa| dharma meM vADyAvara bddh'aa| ber3oM ke vividha sampradAya isI brAhamaNa dharma kI pratikriyA pariNAma hai| caiva sampradAya dakSiNa meM adhika phailaa| vaiSNava sampradAya ke sAtha sampradAya pI nirantara pragati kara rahA thaa| purANoM kA vikAsa huA purANoM ne sampradAyoM ke dharma grantha kA kAma diyA / iSTa devatA kI pakti, pUjA bAdi atyanta vistAra se karanA purANoM kA mukhya uddezyavana gyaa| ziva, matsya, garur3a bhAgavata Adi purANoM dvArA yaha bAteM svaSTa ho sakatI hai| itanA hote hue bhI brAhamaNa dharma mUlataH karmakAnDa jJAna darzana yA brahmavAra ko hI pradhAnatA detA thA ata: janatA ke lie yaha sahana prAya nahIM ho skaa| brAhamaNa ke donoM sampradAyoM me yadumapi mauddha aura jaina dharma ko gaharA dhakkA pahuMcAyA para brAhmaNa dharma kA mahatva isalie adhika jAyagA ki isI kIr3A kA janma huaa| hoM anapUrNa cArAyoM ke pratika bayanA kiyA aura mA miTAkara paraspara sneha, mandi, sauhArda, aura paraloka bAda kA upadeza diyaa| bAna meM aura kena kI kiSTatA se janatA kI bAta nahIM miThI aura kolana claa| kyA mitA to thI parantu phira mI usa ekvA bhii| isakA pratyeka vyakti apane mana ke anusAra devatAboM kI pUjA kara kyA thaa| brahmA kI mUrti, trideva pUjA hanti pUjA kalpa tIna vAnaraH AcArya kyArI /

Page #111
gaNezapUjA, paMcAyatana pUjA, skaMdapUjA, sUryapUSA, Adi isI brAhamana dharma ke kAraNa prArama 'mArila maTTa kyA kara ke kliSTa siddhAnta aisI sthitiyoM meM lokapriya nahIM bana ske| itihAsa brAhamama dharma ke ina prastakoM para samyaka prakAra DAlatA hai| isa mAmaloM meM aneka gonoM aura poM kA prAibhAva baa| yahA ki isa prAhamaNoM kA prabhAva itanA thA ki vibhinna jAti memo piya ra Adi kI syAno vivAha karane taka kA varNana milatA hai| nA re para bhI ina brAmamoM ne apane dharma ko kietsumitarnAne kA pramANa yiaa| prati itihAsakAra gaurI roSA ne kiyA ki.. pratyeka vyakti indhAnusAra kisI bhI devatA kI pUjA kara sakatA thaa| mI devatA Izvara kI bhinna mimma zaktiyoM ke pratinidhi hai| kamI pratidvAra rANAmoM meM adi eka nava bhA jo dusarA parama va tIsarA pagabadI kA svAso paudhA parama bAditya pt|' ___ jo bhI ho, brAhamaNa dharma ne isa prakAra paNa mI ge prabhAvita kiyaa| mAge calakara isI kA nAma hindU dharma par3a gyaa| videziyoM ne bhI isakA nAmakaraNa bindra kiyaa| bhAratIyoM ko videzI zAsaka nhiA the| batAH hindU vidhI dharma vizeSa kA nAma nhiiN| yaha paramparAma bhAratIya saMskRti aura dharma kA pratIka isa prakAra apanI gAnA TAN, , kAra yA ba ke kAraNa grAhaka varSa liTavAnI mAra - nI mA, ta, -- -deziya nAma bhArata -bArA kara rAya bImA nitAnI nAyAba 18 .. fotadI mAga visthara youtam - madhyapAThImArI rokaa| madhyama

Page #112
83 jAdi vibhinna sampradAyoM kI nIva par3I hai| vAstava meM brAhamaNa dharma kA mahatva isI iSTi se adhika hai| paravartI vibhinna sampradAyaH brAhmaNa dharma kI pratikriyA meM saMta aura vividha vakti sampradAyoM kA udaya huaa| ina saMta sampradAyoM meM bhI aneka dhArmika bhAvanAoM kA mizraNa thA / vividha aura mana kiyaa| upaniSadoM aura ekezvaravAda banakara sAmane aaii| dakSiNa Andolana | nAtha ne saMta samvAda se vedoM kI paramparA kI musalamAna phakIroM meM bhArata ke vaina AndolanoM meM vaktA ko kiyaa| maudha jaina tathA islAma dharma se prabhAvita samAja meM nIca kI pravRtti ghaTAne kA kAma detoM meM kiyaa| isase aneka pAdAne ve saMta sampradAya kalA ucca varga ke vyaktiyoM ne rAma ku kRSNa kI bhakti ko apnaayaa| sAdhAraNa pUjA samApta huI aura usake sthAna para evenue aura prema kI bhAvanA rAmAna ballavAcArya mAdi dakSiNa ke bAra dena hai| rAjA kRSNa bhakti ke kendrako pracAra hue| rAdhAvatmI sampradAya niraMjanI sampradAya mA haridAsI sampradAna inhIM pravAdoM ke hai| isa prakAra prAna dharma kI kliSTatA ko kama karane ke lie ukta vibhinna sampradAyoM ko janma milaa| (4) iskAna dharmaH islAma dharma kI sthApanA meM samaya se ho / isa kAla meM aneka zabdoM kA rAjyoM meM iskAna svIkRta kara kiyA thaa| sAtha kI marAThI rAnI hI 11 ra 12 - mUrtiyAM islAmIka ke nIce hai| jor3ane aura mane ke kArobA aneka bhAratIya vijJAnoM ko una bhAratIya krayoM, gaNita vardhana, garamI meM anuvAda karAye ge| islAma kA pracAra ina kaviyoM ko hamArA kiyaa| nAvaDI mana ma bhAdi islAmI kavi isa 1-10-11 zrI ANT

Page #113
tathya ke udAharaNa hai| ina kaviyoM ne apane dharma prabhAra ke lie hinduoM kI prema kyAnoM ko cunA / yo sAmAnyataH islAma meM prema ko koI sthAna nhiiN| siddhAntataH islAma kTraTara talavAra para AdhArita hai| mAro, kATo, aura musalamAna kAmoM hI inakA pramukha sUtra thaa| islAmI guNa ke pArasI, kalA-premI the| dakSiNa kI bar3I bolI kA prAcInatama sAhitya islAma kI hI dena hai| muslima bharoM ne hindustAna kI svIkAra hI nahIM kiyA balki unhoMne use inheM sAre yUropa meM prahArita bhI kiyaa| kA saMdeha rAska kA racayitA dularahamAna bhAratIya AtmA kA pratIka hai| saMtoM ne islAma va vaiSNava dharma meM sAmya sthApita kiyaa| premAkhyAnaka kavi islAmI the| aura caukI meM muslima kavi isaroM kA nAma jAtA hai| ina kaviyoM ne hindI are meM aneka sthAnoM he kAvya nirmita kie hai| 84 isa prakAra AdikAla kI mana tathA islAma dharmo ne eka aura devAya racanA meM vaividhya para hotA hai| rAjanaitika aura dhArmika paristhitiyoM para vicAra karane ke pazcAta aba deza kI tatkAlIna vAskRtika aura sAhityika paristhitiyoM kA bhI pariva ke ina kara liyA jaay| kAlIna vaividhyapUrNa sthitiyoM ke lie paristhitiyoM kA adhyayana bhI hai| (ca) sAmAjika va Arthika sthiti (vAri vikA kI devara mAyA vA sakatA hai| isakA kI pani byA meM (1) vAti sthA pRSThabhUmi meM vaividhya prastuta karane vAle bauddha, jaina, prastuta kI hai| ina sabhI pradA prAcIna baiMki bAda vikAra kI rAjanaitika sthiti ko sthiti ko astavyasta karane vyApAta pahuMcAra thA kinna bhinna moM meM parivartita ho gii| devoM ke duvAra ko upapAtiyoM hai vizva ko

Page #114
85 grAhamama, patriya, vaizya, aura droM paraspara U~ca nIca kI bhAvanAeM bar3ha gii| vaizyavarga adhika pampanna hone lgaa| paraspara meva bhAva kA prabhAva uttarottara bar3hane lgaa| sazakta tathA sampanna nirgaloM ko banAne lage parantu itanA hone para bhI loga zruti sammata mArga para calane the| cAroM ko apane apane karma meTe hue the parantu phira bhI mAimana vatriya - vaizya nAdi apane nizcita moM meM anya kamoM meM bhI bhAga lete the| yahI kAraNa hai ki rAjapUtoM meM aneka mahApaMDita tathA vidvAna / dharmo ke anuhAra bhI gauDadha, jaina, islAma, Adi aneka vAtiyA biiN| bhAvI khAkI vI sADI ke isa meM gADiyoM meka meva upadoM para svargIya itihAsakAra zobhA jI ne prakAza DAmA prANoM meM aneka gotra ho gae the| dIkSita, rAvata, pAThaka, nagara, upAdhyAya, gopA, divavedI, baDubedI, trivedI, dApIra, gurjara, gaur3a, pArasvata Adi aneka gotroM kA ullekha milA hai| unameM bAna, pAna vivAha, Adi parasara ko niyama mapae hai| triyoM kI kaI varga ho gae bApata thA pUrva boM kA vistAra hai| vairoM para pAna, vyApAra, dAma, bama kA peza thA para kaI vaizyoM kA rAjamaMtrI, benApati, mAdi banane ke bhI ulleA hai| purAnI gidI kI banAvoM meM udAramA sthatimA kA kima ke pitA akTAra jaina hone para bhI banI / paranAnAti vyavasthA meM pArasparika bheda bhAvanA islAma TAra sige aura yahI kAraNa birAca kArakIra mAnitIna rAgyoM ko pAsamAnA sa sambata kAma nagarapAlikarAbaliyA, guNa, rA. galiI thA milA ra borAsIvAnI kA mAna samApa batmaya pUrNa karAvAma rahamAna, upana, prAbAda thA rAmoziyoM kI mAnI rAjInAmAkA vArSika kara dI mAla vyavasthA bhI isake pii| nIca mAlyora, yA pAkA gAvAvarama bavADIma rAgAnoM pArA

Page #115
86 saMcaya hotA thaa| kaI rAjazoM meM bATukAra ho gae the, jo thothI prazaMsA kara karake rANAoM ko apane kAma se taka kara diyA karate the| madhyama varga vyA varga se rAgA degA liyA karate the| itanA ho para isa tatkAlIna rAjAnI parva mAmaloM meM aneka rAjA dharma parAga jyA vya premI the| moSa iMja, jagadeva, bIsaladeva bAdi aneka rAjA vivAna kavi thA kabhI the| unake darabAroM meM kaI slA premI saMgIta citrakAra kapi, 'vidUSaka mUrtikAra, nAstA premI yA cATukAra logoM kA pI sthAna thaa| 1- dAra vApIH rASAyoM kI sevA ke lie anekoM vAsa dAyit sI bAtI / unakA vIra svAmI kI sevA ke lie banA thaa| unI adhikAra nahIM the| ve bAgI banA viSabAne the| aura svAmI prathA rANA sAmAnoM kI begama sampatti bane hue hai| prathA bhArata meM vIM sAnvI pracalita sii| purAnI hindI kI baneka kRtiyoM meM udAharaNArtha jambhUlbAnI parita, prasanna pariva, vidyA vikAra mAge ana dhAdibAja bAriyoM kA varNana milatA hai| * vivAda: nivAsa rAja meM pracalita thA mAra rAniyAM dii| simAnAmA vivAha karane vAle rANA, gana aura pani dezakomA bArA-bIkA nikAla pradhAna se mArA kI mAdImA gati thaa| rAvA bAjI mArIla paraspara asa hotA pAyarI bIna banI dii| vivAdamI mImaha divA NR bhAna bhI ba pracalita vArA vANA thA para meM miI kaThora niyama kA pAsa nahI pAyA - dIpiTIDa ninyA pAva -AL

Page #116
87 - - mAvikAlIna racanAoM meM vivAha kI pattiyoM kA rucipUrNa sAmAjika varNana mila jAtA hai| savAraNa jAsvAmI kA 8 dhanika nyAoM se vivAha huaa| mumna carita meM pratyuna bhA ke ameva rAniyAM thii| jina ne aneka kanyAoM se vivAha kiyaa| se udAharaNa aneka mila jAte hai| 5- Ama AbhUSaNa pahanane kA zauka strI yA puloM ko pUrva thaa| svayaM rANA tathA sAmanta hIrA motriyoM se bAbhUSaNa pahanI the| striyoM ke lie vo binA AbhUSaNa rahane kA prazna hI nahIM thaa| bAklo uma mAga aMga ho gae the| sAtha hI vivAha meM daheja prathA ina pracalita thii| rAjasthAna meM yaha prathA Apa bhI dUba hai| ratna hIre motI, pohe,mAthI, dAsadAziyAM Adi bona meM die jAte the| 1- mAna pAnA sAdhAraNa janatA kA bAnapAna sAmAnya thaa| rAjavaMza dhAmanya varga kA para aMbA thaa| madyapAna pracalita bhAgadhArana bAna pAna meI, gAva yAra, bAjarA, ila, kI, za aura zakara pAArA mAsAhArI the| bathA hAla bhI pArI the| ravinara kI apekSA mAghAra na thaa| bAmanoM ne bhI mAsamAnA prArambha kara diza dhArA ba gAna pAna prabhAva bImA kArya para par3A hai| itanA gaurI bhAratIyoM ko mArI thA ki sAtvika bhojana karate haiN|' panika koSa patikA bImA vAma nagara ke, bIvAmI bAdi ki de rarASikAra thaa| baneko vizvira milAna vAyara jIpIyAra, Adi bobe nikoDI mArAnI dI kI desI racanAoM meM vagiri mana , marA rAkha mAvikRtiyoM ne una diyA - - - twIna bhArI mokaa|

Page #117
88 jA sakatA hai| 8- umA tathA vaizyA prathA: tatkAlIna samAja meM vaizyA prathA ke bhI kaI udAharaNa mila jAte haiN| samAja maiM aneka striyA isa anItipUrNa dete he apanA jIvana calAtI thii| sA tathA dhanika vargoM meM jubA belA jAtA thaa| purAnI hindI meM aisI kRtiyAM milatI hai jinameM mAriyoM yA vairyAmoM kA varNana hai| udAharaNArtha kathanavAlA dAba meM baMdana bAlA ko vaizyA ke hAtha becA gyaa| sthUlabhadra rAsa aura kAmu meM syUlipa 12 varSa taka kovA vaizyA ke hI par3e rhe| jinadatta karapa meM jinadatta ko sAMsArika karmoM meM DAlane tathA strI ke kAma moha meM kaMsAne ke lie anekoM bAra usake mAtA pitA ne vaizyAgAmI tathA jujAriyoM ke pAsa bhejaa| maMda pAnDava carita rAta meM bhI jamA varSama milatA hai| isa prakAra ke kaI udAharaNa hai| 9- yuddha wat ko vizeSa priya thaa| yuddha meM hone vAlA apabyaya dikviya ke lie mAvazyaka thaa| sundara strI tathA aTUTa dhana para AkramaNa karane ke lie yuddha karanA rAja meM skRtika tathA pArivArika pradhAna niyama samajhA jAtA thaa| kisAna after reakAroM dvArA upAdhi rAjAoM ke yudadha meM hotA thA ta upa kI me rAjAoM kI ivi ko bolA nA diyA thaa| bastaH isI kAraNa ke bAharI zakti kA sAmanA karane meM kArmika prAyaH yoM se dUra bhAgate the| ca se dUra mAyane ke lie vaizyoM ne kRSi taka banA liyaa| pevA bhI una milatA hai| 1 10- sAdhA kama cAra kA jIvana nahIM thaa| unakI varjita mAr3I kamAI ko de karate the| sampattikoM ke pAsa vaibhava bana jAtI thii| rAjapurohita, re, rAjA, navAba kAdi adhika hai| vanya kAvA manAna ke 1000: hindI viDI 110

Page #118
89 sadaiva pIr3ita thii| jaina dhanika apane dharma pracAra meM sulakara rupayA sarva karate the| ata: sAdhAraNa janatA ke lie jIvana stara kA prazna hI nahIM uThatA thaa| isa prakAra umAja kI sthiti kula milAkara asantoSajanaka thI / Arthika sthiti deva kI Arthika sthiti acchI nahIM thii| sampati tathA vyApAra ke svAmI seTha tathA dhanika loga the| jaina dhanikoM ke pAsa baTUTa sampatti thI vizeSakara vaizya varga adhika sampanna samA jAtA thaa| madhya varga tathA vRddha varga garIba thaa| jinake pAsa sampatti kA jamAna sadaiva dekhA jAtA thA / 1- vyApAra deva meM vyApAra khUba hotA thaa| seThoM, tathA ghanikoM ne apane vyApAra kI pati ko ina mhaayaa| rAjakIya puruSoM ke lie bahumUlya cIjeM bAhara se jAtI thI / seTha tathA vyApArI varga rAjAnoM ko bahumUlya vastuyaM upahAra svarUpa dete the| vyApAra ke AkarSaNa kA kendra siMhaladvIpa banA huA thA ataH jaina arjana aneka dhanika jahAjoM para mAta lAdakara apane deza kI cIjoM ko videzoM meM le jAkara becate the| kyA vahAM se khUba dhana kamAkara bAraha bAraha varSoM taka deza lauTate the| antaHpura ke lie jo vyApArI zreSTha upahAra kAvA usako rAjA cUma prade maMdiroM meM dhana kA saMgraha mandiroM aura deva pUjA meM bhI devadAsI prathA thii| striyoM kA vyApAra bhI hotA thaa| mandiroM meM Izvara ke nAma para TUTa pakatrita kiyA jAtA thA / somanAtha kA mandira kAlIna vyakti kA pramukha udAharaNa hai| purAnI hindI kI racanAoM meM vinA vilAsa mAr3oM yA jinadatva kaI meM jinadatta kA vyApAra ke lie mAyA, hIrA modI kA javAbArAva orat amerlIna vyApAra kI sthiti para prakAza DAlatA hai| isa prakAra Arthika viSamatA ke kAraNa deza kI nAka kamI vAmanA karanA par3atA thaa| kApI kAnAmAki sthiti yA ke bA

Page #119
10 kI yaha sthiti mugaloM ke AkramaNoM taka rhii| AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya kI aneka kRtiyoM dvArA tatkAlIna sthiti kA sahI citraNa prastuta kiyA jA sakatA hai| vAstava meM 10vIM se lekara 15vIM zatAbdI taka kI sAmAjika sthiti kA DhAca santokajanaka nahIM thaa| parantu isa viSama sthiti meM deza meM sAhitya nirmANa karAne tathA kalAkAra utpanna karane meM bar3I sahAyatA kii| upadeza pradhAna varga, bauddha tathA jaina sAdhu nagara nagara dharma tathA sadAcAra pracAra kara racanAeM karate the| isI pravRti ne jAge calakara bhaMkAroM ke nirmANa tathA ravA meM yoga dAna diyaa| paravartI hindI sAhitya meM upadezaka saMtoM kI udbhAvanA ke mUla meM yahI upadeza kAma kara rahe hogeN| vAstava meM iskAlIna samAja kA pratyeka kSetra pratyAzita sAmAjika krAnti kA viSaya thA / iskAna aura mugaloM ne isa sAmAjikatA meM apane AkramaNoM dvArA vividha parivartana kie| jisase sAhitya racanA para bhI prabhAva pdd'aa| hindU samAja AkrAMtAoM se barAbara Takkara letA rhaa| samAja ne videziyoM kI saMskRti kA dRr3hatA se sAmanA kiyaa| (da) sAMskRtika sthitiH saMskRti meM dharma samAja, kalA aura sabhyatA ina tatvoM kA samAveza kiyA jA sakatA hai| bhAratIya saMskRti para samaya samaya para mamapi vividha bhAva hote rahe, para kabhI hamAre deza kI raha skii| yaha bhArata ke hI nahIM saMvAra ke itihAsa meM bhI mahatvapUrNa smajIva ghaTanA hai| vikA pUrvakaskRtika kA, kyA saMgIta kA kyA mUrti aura vAmI auroM kA yaha utkAlIna kalA prema karane meM yaha hai ki utthAna pragati para thii| kyA i para the| rAjA kaskRti kI svA yoga diyaa| gupta kAla saMskRti bhI gujarAta tathA rAjasthAna ke rAjAboM menoti donoM kAryo ko pUrNa pragati para phuNcaayaa| 10vIM zatA paravA ina kAryoM kA prAthAikA ne kI

Page #120
11 ko mana kara ddaalaa| mUrtikalA ke isa kramika vikAsa para rAnI ke ye vicAra ullekhanIya hai sAtavIM sadI taka pUrva arjita mAna banA rhaa| AThavIM navIM sadI maiM kucha grAsa jarUra hone lgaa| lekina pUrI taura se 10vIM zatAbdI meM dikhAI par3atA hai bAsataura se yaha bAta citra aura mUrtikalA ke bAre meM bahuta dekhI jAtI hai| dasavIM zatAbdI aura usake bAda kI mUrtiyoM bilkula hI badasUrata aura bhAva pUnya hai| vaise to tIrthakara kI mUrtiyoM ko banAne meM kalAkAra agara bI TAlate vIsa par3ate the| mAnava haThI, are serdI kI kucha buddha mUrtiyAM nahIM sundara hai| magara AThavIM tAdI ke bAda to buddha aura tIrthakaroM kI mUrtiyAM nirI pASANa hI raha gaI hai| hI bodhi satvoM kIra dvArA kI irtiyAM navIM dasavIM zatAbdI meM utanI burI nahIM dIva pdd'tii| balki koI koI to bahuta hI sundara hai| bAsakara ke kurkihAra kI AThavIM navIM sadI kI kitanI hI pItala kI mUrtiyAM bahuta sundara hai| dasavIM gubAravIM zatAbdI ke kucha citrapaTa free meM maujUda hai| rudAba bIra sthiti ke bauddha maThoM meM kucha vicitra mI bahuta acche haiM lekina 10vIM 11 vIM zatAbdI ke jo citra aura bauddha varala pothiyoM para mile haiM ve jarUra made haiN|-- delavAr3A ke jaina mandiroM meM saMgamarmara para ye kamala mana bahuta sundara hai| yadyapi unameM alaMkaraNa kI mAtrA jarUrata se jyAdA bI par3atI hai jisase kAnIndarya kI usameM kamI hai| to bhI saMgamarmara ko moma kA bhakSaNa kI taraha banI kinnibodha kATa kara kAkAra ne jo kI farar hai yaha khAsanIya hai| lekina usI patthara meM joDiyamI hai unakI nahIM hotA ki usase dumbara para hAtha itanI hI mUrtiyAM sadI ke bAda vaha dina aura mUrti kA kA divAlA bhI banA sakate hai| hI nikka gAyA hai| ke bAda kI jaina mandiroM meM bIna ke bAda bhI kitA milatI hai jaisalamera bIkAnera tathA pATaNa 1- hindI kAvya pA

Page #121
ke jaina mandiroM se isa byUya para prakAra bar3hatA hai| dakSiNa meM zravana sa gola meM mAhavatI kI pUrti Adi ko etartha udyAna kiyA jA sakatA hai| ina mandiroM kI bhUrtiyoM ko gajanavIM, khiljI Adi islAmI AkramaNa kakSAoM meM aba dhvasta kiyaa| prati kalA ke sAtha sAtha jaina bhavana nirmANa kalA kA bhI viziSTa mahatva hai| rAjasthAna tathA gujArata meM isa kalA kA vaikTriya aneka jaina tIrthoM aura mandiroM meM dekhane ko milatA hai, jisa para vidvAnoM ne paryApta prakAra DAlA hai| ina mandiroM sthita jaina sarasvatI sthA vibhinna jaina devI devatAoM kI pUrtiyAM pI jina para DA. umAkAnta premAnanda upanirdezaka korienTala risarca insTITyUTa bar3audA eka vistRta zodha prabandha prakAzita ho cukA hai| parantu yaha spaSTa hai ki pUrti kA asAvA pragati nahIM milatI jo pahale thii| jAtiIna hindI baina kRtiyoM meM bhI mI pUrtikalA kA prayAvadhi koI viziSTa ullekha nahIM milatA / aNgii| saMgIta kI isa kAla paryApta pragati huii| nRtya kI bhI prAti para thaa| bhAva varga ke daravAroM meM saMgIta kRtya yA kAdamba mAvAsa gAbika meM saMgIta ke vikAsa naye varaNa prastuta kie vimAnoM saMgIta nRtya pradhAna thaa| paranna gIta ke lokAtaka svarUpa meM atyakSika pragati ii| maha me yA rAstA hotaa| aneka rAma rAmaniyoM kA nisAna maa| gubarAja punita - vAma kAmba, pustAna pArasa pAramAdipI mI yoga diyA mI pati parAno bAra praNiya mA . rAjasthAna gopImI aura pratyaka aer mau bonoM proM vilinIkI pragati bola diyaa| mAya lAbhalI mAvI neka saMgIra Th. . . . - * purAnI myfatNm. Pii hAI parAvI mA nAti name pAma - piparAvI kAlarATI. bApAvA

Page #122
pradhAna racanAeM mila jAtI hai| jinakA dezI svasya, saMgIta kI dezI chanda pradhAna DAle bAla mAtrAoM se samanvita viminna devI rAgoM ke vikAsa meM AdikAlIna racanAoM ne mahatvapUrNa yoga diyA hai| ina racanAoM para vistAra meM prakAra prastuta grantha ke chaMda sambandhI adhyayana ke adhyAya meM DAlA gayA hai| ina racanAoM meM pradhAna hai- revatagiri rAsa jinapati mUri dhavalagIta, viDyA vilAsa pavAr3o, saravara gaccha paTTAvalI, virATa parva, raMgasAmara memi phAya, barbarI kyA tribhuvana dIpaka prbndh| isa prakAra saMgIta kalA kI pragati meM Adi kAlIna uttara apAMva kI racanAoM ne pAca goma diyA hai| sAmandroM kI rAjasika yA vilAsa kI pravRti ke kucha nUjana kalAeM bhI panapI jinameM ranivAroM kI vimalA, jala kIr3A ke vividha Ayojana, nATaka racanA, snAna maMDava svamAlA kA sAmantoM ke vizAla prasAdoM meM yaha nihAra dekhA jA sakatA hai| saMskRti kA sAmAjika svasya sAmAjika batvoM kA sAMskRtika vizleSaNa bhI batkAlIna kRtriyoM kA pramukha yogadAna hai| saMskRta prAsa tathA apAtra ke granthoM meM hamAre pAskRtika vividha utthayoM kA ullekha hai| hamAre deza ke bhAratIya utsava hamArI saMskRti prApa hai| vaivAhika prathAnoM meM mAMgalika upahAra, ma kasA rAjAnoM kA nagara kI bAlAnoM ivArA svAgata, bAvana, vivAhamA bAdi ubAranA kA rADabA babarI abhinaya gAna ina sAskRtika utthayo, tyohAroM aura pApIka hai| homasyA vividha Dogasava samArohoM ko bhI parva manAyA jA maa| bhAratIya saMskRtI mogamAtya parivAroM kA bakAra gAdi kA prathA / binA ra jindI ke kaviyoM ne bhAratIya skRti kI samasyAkA rAkha, kAya, parI yA gIta sasavana me ramAnoM kA sarva diyA jA sakatA hai| paristhitiyAM ki bhAratIya paramparA meM kI paramparA pAyA gayA prArama ram, Adi

Page #123
94 sAhitya kI yahI paramparA prAna kyA apane pala rahI hai| apara gala bhI sAhityika dRSTi se yA sampanna rsaa| svayaMbhU, dhanapAla. puSpadAsa, hemacandra, bhoja, muMja, kumArapAla, sarahapA, vidyApati Adi mahAna sAhitAkAroM ko nahIM bhulAyA jA sktaa| vastuta: AdikAlIna hindI jaina mAhitya ko paramparA aura pRSThabhUmi ke rUpa meM prApta tatkAlIna apaza ke bahAna sAhityakAroM aura unake ravi sAhitya kA bala prApta hai| jyoM jyoM mola cAla kI bhASA vyAkaraNa ke niyamoM meM patI gaI tyo tyoM usameM sAhitya prajana bar3hatA gayA aura jana sAdhAraNa kI bhASA unakA sthAna grahaNa karatI thii| apaca kA vaha sAhityika prabAha vibhinna prakAra kI sAhityika dhArAgoM parilakSita hotA hai| ata: yaha sArI mAhitika sthiti bhAvikAlIna hai| vidha nAvoM kA bAhitya, apara viyoM kA sAhitya yA tatkAlIna cana kaviyoM kA sAhitya va pragati para thaa| ina ko isakA nikAlIna samaya meM purAnI hindI ke isa gAhitya kA sthAna nidhArava nta mahatvapUrNa prazna hai| vAstava meM athaka kI yaha nidhi purAnI hindI ko varIyata ke rUpa meM milI hai| isa para paryApta prakAra prastuta bandha ke apakSa sAhitya sambandhI paricaya vyA vizleSaNa karane vAle adhyAya meM DAlA jA cukA hai| yahI pRSThabhUmi meM tatkAlIna prApta sAhitya kA vica vivaraNa diyA jA rahA hai| vAtha vaina prathA prAya pracAra AndolanoM kA vikAsa garisaSTiviI basI mAtI ke madhyAtma para adi biAra ki bAyo meziyoM para gAyoM kI ma tiyA~ minI madhyasa bAra purAnI kAyoM kI mAlI majadevA bhavapAzA yA tanii isakA bhI patA nahIM makavAparabArayi ho dhI pA usameM bhI dera pAvAgAvI sAdI kaneka vina mApa gira gayona pari svayam, dhanapAla, mi, vA pujya vidayApArika pratigAro /

Page #124
15 1vIM zatAbdI kI prApta ajaina racanAoM meM hindI kI tIna kRtiyoM pramukha rUpa meM milatI hai: 1- vIsaladeva rAe (ajamera) 1. pRthvIrAja rAsoM (dillI) 3- AlhA Tha (mahobA) parantu ina granthoM kI paraMparA anubhuti madha thI ataH isameM aneka parivartana hote rhe| sidadhanAtha sAhitya 7 buddha dharma ne siddhoM aura nAthoM kI racanAoM ko pradAna kiyaa| mahAtmA dUdha thA mahAvIra ne jana bhASA meM apane upadeza die| gItikAvya unakA mAdhyama rhaa| ataH unake pracAra meM saralatA banI rhii| sAtha hI inameM dArzanika kliSTA mI adhika nahIM thii| sAtha hI sAtha rAjanIti kI vividha karavaToM ne bhImati sa ko bala diyaa| vataH zava 15vIM batAbdI meM bhakti ke Aja taka mila jAte haiN| vividha sampradAya bane jo madhya deva ke 1vIM se 15vIM zatAbdI kI prAmANika prApta sAhityika veera para Izodha meM adyAvadhi koI sAmagrI upalabdha nahIM huii| mahuda sambhava hai bhaugolika vAtAvaraNa, AkramaNakAriyoM ke ina tathA sIlana aura kRtiyoM kI surakSA kI paramparA hone se hI utkAlIna vAmiSTaSTa hogA ho / itara grAhitya ke bAda vo hindI sAhitya meM paramparA calatI hai| bhI kI kAmI hindI kI vividha boliyoM kI sammati hai| meM liyA hairAna aura prema kAvya seva ko mAdhyama laayaa| kama prAdezika bhASAyoM meM prAcIna rAjasthAnI aura yUnI varAhIkA dhArA milatA hai| daviNa meM hiMdI (prAcIna khAkI kaviyoM kI racanA milatI hai| racanAoM kI aisI mAjAvAna upameM kaviyApremI poca dharmakA mAdi rAmasvAmI mAravADa, vidvAna, rAmAnoM

Page #125
mI pATava nagaroM kA mahatva hai| nimbaI 96 vADa, AbU, ajamera, dillI, jayapura, nAgaura Adi vividha inhIM paristhitiyoM meM AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya kI sthiti para vicAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| vastutaH isa svatovyAghAtoM ke AdikAla (1000- 1500 I0 ke isa upalabdha hindI jaina sAhitya kA adhyayana, usakI pRSThabhUmi prApta jaina jaina reera kI mukhya pravRttiyoM tathA samasAmAyika vivecya paristhitiyoM ke adhyayana ke kiyA jA skegaa|

Page #126
siddhAnvaH unakA pracAra para prati-pAya njanmmmmmma

Page #127
17 jaina dharma ke prathama siddhAntaH unakA prakAra vIra pratipAvana : www bArambha kAla 110011 AdikAlIna hindI kRtiyoM ke hipa kA adhyayana karane para yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki ina racanAoM meM jaina dharma prANadhArA ke rUpa meM vimAna hai| jaina dharma ke pracAra prasAra tathA jIvana meM sadAcAra kA mUlya samayane aura use janatA ke sAmane rakha usake lie hI ina jaina kaviyoM ne isa vihAla vAhiya kA jana kiyA hai, tathA prakArAntara se dharma aura darzana ke vidhAnoM ko janatA taka pahuMcA hai| ataH ina racanAoM ke mUla meM preraNA ke rUpa meM vimAna jaina dharma tathA usake pramukha dArzanika Ain kASTha paricaya kara lenA paramAvazyaka hai| jaina meM jaina dharma aura usake dArzanika siddhAntoM kA paricaya isa prakAra hai:jaina dharma kA una aura vikaas| jaina dharma atyanta prAcIna dharma hai| jaina dharma ke dina dIrghakara mahAvIra svAmI mI 100 varSa pUrva hone vAle bhI pArzvanAtha ko aitihAsika mahAmAna kiyA gayA hai| dharma kI eka DATA mAtra hI mAna kiyA bIca gayA hai para yatikA nirAkaraNa ho hai Ta kA bArambha kA 800 varSa 60 pUrvapAna dilA gayA hai| para DA0 harmana koNI aura There can no longer be any doubt that rahva was a historical personage. According to Jain tradition he must have lived a hundred years and died 250 years before Rahavir. Bis period of activity therefore Creponds to the 8th century 8.0. moinTroDaksana TU sema ke viyo "There is nothing to prove that israhva was the founder of Jainin. Jala tradition is animous in asking Rishabha the first Tirthankar (as ite founder) there aay be some thing historical in the tradition which nakes him the first tirthankarl. see Indian Antiquary Volume IX. page 162-163.

Page #128
98 DhaTO rAdhAkumbena kA jaina dharma ke prathama saMsthApaka ke lie mataikya nahIM hai| eka pArzvanAtha ko mAnate hai tathA dUsare riva deva ko, para Aja adhikatara nainI rikmadeva ko hI yaha mAnyatA dete hai| rideva ke mahAvIra taka jaina dharma bhArata ke vibhinna pradezoM meM vimAna thA para dharma ne adhika rama vIra svAmI mahAvIra se hI pkdd'aa| baudha dharma kI parata jaina dharma bhI rAmAnoM dvArA sammAna prApta karatA rAnIroM meM mahAvIra hI mAne jAte hai jina para kara rivamadeva pAnAtha aura neminAtha, UNT kAvya rahe gae haiN| kaviyoM ne inhIM vIroM mahAvIra kA prAimIya bauddha dharma ke ya ko apane kAvyoM kA viSaya bakAyA hai| mahAtmA dUdha ke sAtha hI hama vidyA meM bhI donoM rahI zrI neminAtha para hindI pa donoM dharma samAja ke pragati karate rhe| ataH pa meM pAmahA rahI hai| mahAvIra ke ma kAvyoM meM kA rAja pari pradha Adi aneka grantha kiye gae hai| mahAvIra kA janma 600 I0 pU0 30 varSa kI avasthA meM ho ge| mahAtmA buddha ne aura mahAvIra ne bhaga eka hI avasthA meM IdhAra tyAga kiyaa| bedAra kA isa sthAna kI pIr3A kA nirAkaraNa unake prANoM meM gaharI pyAra karanA thaa| 15 varSa ke kahe bihAra prAnta meM imaa| taka mahAvIra ne ke bAda unhoMneko unI gaI upadeza die| unake upadeza unake upadezoM bhI pUrva prabhAvita hai| hai| bAkI bAta ho dUra, (1) There is evidence to show that so far back as the first century B.C. there were people who were worshiping Rishabhdeo the first tirthankar. There is so doubt tht Jainism prevailed even before Vardhamana or Parasnath. The fajurveda mentions the names of three Tirthankare- Rishabha, Ajitnath and Ariethaneni. the Bhagwata Paran endorses the wieve that Biahabha was the founder of Jainsie see Indian Philosophy Vol. 1 page 205. (11)Jainion prevailed even before Vardhanena (Mahavira) er Farahva Bath. the Tajurveda mentions the names of three Tirthankar Rishabha Ajit Nath and AristoBee Indian Philosophy vel. I page 207 2. S. gadhakrishana

Page #129
aneka rAjabaMdhoM meM jaina dharma ko maanaa| mahAvIra pAbAta jaina dharma ta sampradAya ho ge| vitAmbara, 10 digambara, - yApanI tAmbara samprakAra ke adhikatara manuyAyI rabara pradeza, rAjasthAna aura gujarAta ke pradezoM yA digambara sampradAya dakSiNa meM adhika sAmAjika meM digambara sampradAya anuyAyI rAjasthAna meM bhI mila jaaye| bAmbara bhandA aryal prAcIna rAjasthAnI yA janI gujarAtI vA sara a dhika kAma rakhanA kI yA gimbara sampradAya vAle sAloM meM dI bhAga kAya ramA kii| bIrA sampradA. yApanIya sampradAya hai| yadyapi yA sampradAya viNabhara sabA adhika milatA hai parantu isake mAnane vAloM kI syA kA hai| samApi svayaMbhU bhI isI sampradAya ke anuyAyI the| ina pradAga siddhAntI nira mA vAma gAbhya nako rAmyAMAL - uttara bhArata mAvI vAdI jaina dharma kA isa prakAra rhaa| magara mahArAva bITAra gAya the| bATAra pulisa mahAgalora , bhAnu prakaraNa garamAgaramAlAmA pInAmApIvAlI kI sAkolIga-N- gAmAyAkA THEmbAma (Mict.) Mantra mA pragati goma ni vimAnoM kI prAra .. rAvI then f arm.ark

Page #130
100 azoka ke tirapI - devanAra priyavartI se spaSTa hotA hai vaha pahale jaina dharma kA upAsaka thA phira mauge ho gayA / " azoka kA bhI sampratipI ujaina dharma meM dIvita ho gayA thaa| 1. ar3I meM dharma ur3IsA meM jaina dharma kA mahAna upAsaka kaliMga kA rAjA bAraveka thaa| prasiddha yA havenasAMga kaliMga deza ko jainiyoM kA mukhya sthAna kahatA hai| isase spaSTa hotA hai ki bArane ke bAda mI aneka varSoM taka dharma kaliMga meM kamA rahA / sAravela pUrI taraha se jaina thaa| bAraveza ke bAda aisA pratApI rAjA nahIM huaa| usane mArata bhara ke bahiyoM, jaina upasviyoM, jaina rikiyoM aura paMDitoM ko lapaka dharma sammelana kiyaa| kaima ne vAra ko -mahAvijayI - kIvI ke lie "ma rAjA" "mirAja" aura "dharma rAjA kI padavI dii|" isa taraha jaina dharma ko ur3IsA meM bar3hA pramatha milaa| 3. baMgAla meM jaina dharmaH baMgAla meM bhI na kI pragati kA itihAsa mila jAtA hai| mAnavUna, mIra mIra vartamAna AdinI ke jiloM ke nAma karama mahAvIra tathA vardhamAna ke dhAra para hI dUra hai| ramana meM kaI mUrtiyAM milI hai| bAcArya sisarona tenoM meM yaha kahA jAtA hai ki - parIkSA le se gaMgA meM dharma meM, maiM aura meM dharma kA prabhAva dRSTigocara hotA hai ke aneka hai| prAcIna pike se vizeSa aura ye vAvara devanAgarI ke sAtha nahIM mila para prAcIna vidhi #TWTX meM 1 vizva hai| 3- <Page #131
4- rAjasthAna meM jaina dharma : 101 azoka ke pahale se rAjasthAna meM jaina dharma ke pracAra ke prabhAva milate haiN| yaha bhI bahuta sambhava hai ki azoka ke pautra samprati ne rAjasthAna meM kucha jaina mandira manavAye hai| bobhA jI ne rAjapUtAne meM jaina dharma kI sthiti ko ajamera ke bahalI prAma ke jilA ke dvArA bi0 0 386 pUrva kI siddha kI hai| rAjasthAna meM aneka jaina jAtiya mosavAla, paTelavAla, pAlIvAla, boravAla, pAvakIya, Adi pracalita hai| cittaur3a ke prAcIna kIrti stambha kA nirmANa jainiyoM me hI karavAyA thA / udayapura kA kezariyA nAtha jainiyoM kA prAcIna tIrtha hai| jaina dharma kI sevA rAjasthAna meM jUna kI jisase isa dharma ko yahAM bar3A milaa| jainApUrvI pracArakoM aura kaviyoM meM hI nahI jAti rhii| sAhitya vajana khUba huaa| aneka maMdaroM kI sthApanA huI / jainiyoM me rAjasthAna meM rAjakIya pada, maMtrI, dIvAna senApati, bAdi prApta kara jaina dharma kI bar3I sevA kii| bAyU, jaisalamera, bIkAnera, jodhapura, udayapura, ajamera, jayapura Adi prasiddha nagaroM meM makarANyAzraya prApta jainiyoM ne aneka mandira banavAye / maneka grathoM kI TIkAeM ki kyA bailamera mAgora, kApUra, nAmera, bIkAnera mAdi sthAnoM se prApta isa samasta prAnna bhaMDAroM ke mUla meM hI jaina dharma rahA hai| tAmbara jainiyoM kI hI rhii| dilambaroM kI vedAmbaroM ke ma 1 gujarAta vargaH rAjasthAna kI hI dharma kI pragati kI paramparA umarAva meM rahI hai| barA kA niranAra tIrtha prasiDI neminAthakI hai| gujarAta ke kAlInagara meM vini| zvetAmbaroM kI adhika rahI hai| barA ke rATa rAjAkoM meM amodharva jaina dharma ke mahAna premI 1- rAjAne kA i011-12 dvArA zaMkara hIrAcaMda godA

Page #132
rAmaToM ke bAda vAkyoM aura gADhAyo pAyAta gar3A ke pAsa jaina dharma gai bAga Dora gii| bAvar3A aura pAya donoM jaina dharma prema karate the| pAka meM mUlarAja ne manAsivAhA jaina mandira kA nirmANa kraayaa| bhIma prathama nApati viSala ne prA para pandha jaina mandira banavAyA jise Apa vimalanahI kahate hai| vidharAja gAsiMha aura mArapAta para A macandra kA bhArI prabhAva pdd'aa| AcArya ne siddharAja jayasiMha ke nAma para apanA viyoga mAraka rmaa| dhirAja ne mahAvIra svAmI kA sipura meM bar3A bhArI mandira nAmAmArapAsa dharma svIkAra kara mAsa mAya mAdi sabanda karavA yiaa| aneka vaina mandiroM kI yAtrA karanA kumAra pAla ne kii| inake samaya meM aneka prandhoM kI ramA kii| yI agadI boM kA rAjya hone para unake maMtriyoM vastupAla bAra devapAla mA para aneka ra mandira banAe / jaya aura giranAra para unake mAra bhandiroM kI fast bhApa mI purakSita hai| isa prakAra valabhI, pATaba, aba DivAka, giranAra Adi sthAnoM palAya kavi paMDAra tathA unase prApta vividha prAcIna sAhitya pAratI na banaNa irpti aura usakI mana kA mala pramANa hai| formAmayoM TT panya vivaraNoM aura viSaya nAyI mArAma vidii| mArAmArI sarvAnI kI mAnA hogA ki sImAlI bIma LATE m pire kmaanaa| gorakhapura bAra inmar prAcIna pramANa milane hai| vIM gAdI mmeii bAI HTTIna parAmA nikI ki

Page #133
103 prAcIna avazeSa ko milate hai para mayAvadhi prAcIna sAhitya kI koI racanA upalabdha nahIM ho skii| isa pradeza meM paryApta pragati kii| mubAliyara ke ki vizAla jaina pUrtiyoM kI latA yA prAcIna rAmapAnoM kA, jaina dharma bhUcita karatI |vii ravIM gvAdImArI ke sA rAjA jaina dharma ke anuyAyI the aisA mAtozakoM kA mana kA sambandha rASTa narezo se thaa| jo jaina dharma ke upAsaka hai| bArI kI rAjadhAnI vipurI aura puranI pI jaina avazeSoM lie prasidadha hai| para yA aneka jaina nI / svAgiri mara aura pelayA ga vInagara pramiyI / apa nI sipa prasiddha hai| varAhoM jaina mandira nIma ke pratirikta devagaDa mAgira, bonAgira aura anagirI bhaneka vainiyoM kI bhI bAdI badhya pradeza meM jaina pada pramati para uttara pradeza tarA isa pradeza mI mAvadhi maMDAroM meM koI tIna kapamA nahIM ho skii| vastutaH ina dezoM kI bagera hogA / - virAramA bihAna pro. rAmavAsI bAbara TRImamotomAkara mAlapArAmArAmAnoM apane dhArSika zAhira. kA vikaramArA viArIkorI ki sthAnI naa kalA ki ye bAdhAraNatayA w - - nimaya,.54-56, pro. rAmA lyApI AsarA

Page #134
laukikA bAsIna rahate the. galata hai| eka sImA taka yaha hai ki saMsAra meM sambandha nahIM hote the| pAltu megAsnI vivaraNa hama jAnate hai ki mI pUrva raturva khAdI taka rAjA loga apane dUtoM ibArA banAkSI jaina prabhavoM meM rAjakIya mAmaloM meM svatratA pUrvaka malA mAvirA karate the| ma puloM ne rAgyoM kI sthApanA kIbI aura rAgyavAdiyoM taka jaina dharma ke prasahindu bane rhe| ki jaina dharma pracI mAta miya para jo gora diyA gayA isa jAti rAjanaitika prayogati ko prApta ho gii| uma jaina kaviyoM, gujoM va mAnoM ko bhAyA prema kyA rAjakI kAryoM meM unakI pragati para prakAra yA hai| dakita meM se hI pracArakoM meM jaina dharma kI bAdI vA kyA prapati kii| saa: dakSiNa meM sAhitya ko pradezoM milatA hai. bAmila aura nATaka zAmila hoka yA pAsya mohana dharma mahAna pasa mila mAliviyara * mA0 mAra lAmo vArA pIsa koka kA pratidUdha jaina hai| barA kA sira / FdhAcA vArA khelamA pravidha miti bhI pravidhi sarva vidita navAganoM pI kA varNana kiyA hai| mAsTara itIpaTa me bItA aura garImarI para niyoM kA prabhAva btaayaa| vigavigInAmA for ImmAravAnyoM kI prasAramA lAgI ma dharma / - Ramr o -ter, pro. rAmA svAmI praarygr| Comparatimammertopriatanorthatanay LanguagesolkILMSeton (1ande1913).

Page #135
prayadAtA the| bAsyoM ne aneka jaina mandira banavArI / nATaka meM to rAjakIya pa lAgoM meM bhI jaina dharma mA liyaa| vIM zatAbdI gaya rAjA tailaya ke menApati mallapa kI putrI mariyamaye bhAva jaina dharmAcAritI thI jisane sone aura kImatI pattharoM kI Der3ha mAra liyA banavAI thiiN| badambarAjA kIziva kI patnI pAlaladevI kA sthAna bhI dharma premI jaina mahilAmoM meM aEPE bA jisame pAvanAya tyAlaya maura brahamAjinAlaya bnvaayaa| yahI nahIM ki baMga ne jana dharma kI pragati meM yoga diyaa| maMgavA jaina varSa ko rAjadharma banAyA gayA gaMgAmoM meM na vidara mAra, * pratimA kI sthApanA kI, jaina asviyoM ke lie kArya banavAI aura nAcAyoM ge dAma dimAdhava, avanIsa, pArasiMha mitIya tyA bA-DarAya prasidadha aura panI / dakSiNa maisUra (ayanavelagolA) ke vidhyagari para gomaTeza kI vizAlalAya EiRA sthApita kI jo bhAga vizva lie bAra kI bastu hai| svayaM gADarAya pravidha vinAma evaM lekhaka the| jainiyoM kA prasiddha janya- gopaTarAva- inhI liya tilA gyaa| praNimar3I jaina kavi ratnapI nayaravAra rAgavaMza kI pAti basata meM bhI jaina dharma meM yoga diyA aura sAkI pramati aura nAma nI khAdIna merI ravizAra karo mahI mAyA mA pArapaTa mI pAnI kI soca kA prathama manI rAvA bA ibhApani / mamopasamaya mohaa| sibara pinnoM kI patA aura bahINa lInAganAlApa apane jaina vyAkaraNa para noti mAga mA mahAvIra vicAra ENTRA wi TET form

Page #136
106 adhUre grantha- Adi purANa ko pUrA kiyaa| amodhavarSa ke putra akAla ke samaya meM guNama me apanA uttara purANa samApta kiyaa| rASTrakUToM ke pazcAt vAkyoM ke hAtha maiM rAjya zakti Ate hI jaina dharma kA grAsa prArambha ho gyaa| jaina mandiroM meM se jaina mUrtiyAM uThAkara pheMka dI gaI aura unake sthAna para paurANika devatAoM kI mUrti sthApita kara dI gaI, aisA vivaraNa bhI milatA hai| isake mUla meM jaiva aura vaiSNava dharma kA prAdhyAya hI kAraNa thaa| dakSiNa bhArata meM jaina dharma para jaba pArI AghAta hone lage ThIka se sama meM dakSina ke nagara rAjya ne jaina dharma kI pragati meM yoga dAna diyA / isa rAjya ke ucca padastha karmacArI jaina dharmAvalambI the| harihara dvitIya ke senApati ikA jaina ke sTUTara ka tathA avalambI the| yahI nahIM vijayanagara kI rAniyAM bhI jaina dharma pAlakhIthI / zravaNabelagola ke kAle devarAma mahArAja kI rAnI pIpAdevI kA jaina honA prakaTa hai| isa prakAra dakSiNa bhArata ke lagabhaga DamI rAjAya ne pramukha manu rUpa meM jaina dharma kI sevA kI aura usakI pragati meM sAdhAraNa yoga diyaa| samapi 14vIM zAdI taka dina meM vibhinna dharmo ke prakAra vyAdAyaka draveza ke kAraNa jaina dharma dina ho ho gayA parantu phira bhI vaha apanA gaharA sthAna banA ga parva kI mahAna nidhi chor3a gyaa| vastutaH dakSiNa kI mAvA meM vivAhitya kA cayana parva zodha madana mAvazyaka hai| vibhinna prAi bhASAvoM meM viracita kavi kA kama hone para kI rijho videza meM adhikArI bhI kavi aura unhoMne prAcIna rAjasthAnI prAcIna prAcIna marAThI aura mAlI mAyA meM kI, yA vivambarI vivAnoM ne dina kA kSetra apnaayaa| para isakA yaha nahIM hai ki uttarI bhArata meM divambara kA hI nahIM ajamera, mAra, dillI, meraTha, kAnapura mAdi ne kaviyoM dvArA praNIya racanA milI hai| sthAnoM meM vimbara sirahAra garI

Page #137
bhI nahIM hai| vetAmbara sambAya kA prabAra gujarAta meM adhika rAjasthAna meM bIkAnera, mera, pAna, jayapura Adi aneka DAra zvetAmbarikana kaviyoM dvArA pranIta mayoM ke DAra hai| jinakI aneka kRSiyA purAnI hindI kI sampatti vastutaH uttara aura dakSiNa bhArata meM jaina dharma ke gvetAmbara aura digambara sampradA kI pragati kI bapa meM vahI kahAnI hai yoki zvetAmbara yA digambara khadAnoM para aneka vidvAna yA prakAra ke yahA ina sampradAyoM para adhika limA empeSaNa mAtra hogaa| zvetAmbara, digambara, pampradAyoM atirikta pI eka tIsarA sanadA -vApanIya sampradAya hai| yaha sampradAya digambara sampradAya kA hI dUsarA svarUpa hai| isa sampradAya kI zilpa janya vizeSatAoM kA kSipta parivAra yApanIya sampradAyaH disambara aura zvetAmbara sampradAyoM ke pratiwia dharma kA paka grIya parvamahatvapUrNa sampradAya yApanIya mannAdAna hai| isa sampradAba ko bAnIya mAputIya mA goca ca kahate / isa sampradAya kA isa samaya bhI numAyI nahIM hai| disambara tAmbara mIra jApanIya ke tInoM sampradAya bamakAlIna / m ar paba yaha sampradAya aura mAsa pAsamA prabhAvazAlI rAmaTa bAvi rAjAvoM meM mApanIya samvAba bAloM ko piyAra mAdi kisI kA nivAraNIya sammAnapUrvaka THE yA gaTAna gAkata a salasiaura riyapi pArita savitA svAra nivAsa bAlaka pakA mana naparanAnI paTa avazya bIviyA hogA, 1. Ahan - raamsamvInArAma premI: hindI anca ratnAkara . ....pAdhyAsI

Page #138
milam aisA anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai, kyoki mi ke kAgabAI ke zilAle 2 yAyanIga sampradAya ke dharma kIti aura bhAgabandra ke samAdhi lego kA ullekha zrI nAbhU rAma premI ne apane prantha ki mApanIya bAmapIya sampradAya kI upAsanA aura usakA svarUpa: sApanIya ca vAle bhI digambaroM paryApta mela jAte hai| unakI pratimAeM visma hotI hai| ata: digambara aura mApanIyoM kI pratimA ma antara ko sapanA kaThina hai| isI tarAnApatIya ca kA bahuta thA sAhitya bhI sabUta dRSTi hai digambara sampradAya jaisA hI mAlUma hotA hai| sita bistara ke kavI haribhadra aura paTavarzana madhumcaya ke TIkAkAra ne isakI upAsanA aura svarUpa varNana kiyA hai| unake anusAra ni magana rahate the| pora kI pichi rasate the| pratita pojI, nagana yi pU aura baMdanA sebA bhAvakoM ko dharmalAbha ho| saba bAbariyoM jaisI thI, parantu pAya mAnaka striyoM ko bIbha mova ho sakA hai, va mona karate hai aura prabhAvasthA aura paramapI gula honA hai| isake sivAya gaTAna kI bamoriya bAroM se mAlUma hotA hai ki panIya meM pAvara basUna miti aura sa mAdiyoM kA palapAna hotA thA babAha na mAnoM vAriyoM mAnanI pI zivAroM ko pI gAnI .. gAlIna bAra gayA . ... .. ganIma vAva mimI kI hai ki puviaram me nA mI - bhI panapAyomAnI hA kA sAmanA - remARSI . .. r-ma mi

Page #139
109 zvetAmbara bhaMDAroM meM milI hai| ApanIya saMgha bhAgamoM ko bhI mAnatA thA aura unake Agamo kI vAvamA zvetAmbara sampradAya kI upalabdha vallamI vAcanA se bhinna thii| usa para unakI svataMtra TIkArya bhI hoMgI jaisI kI aparAjita kI da baikalika para eka TIkA thI jo aba prAya hai| vastutaH vAcanIyoM ke prApsAhi ke AdhAra para hameM zrI nAthUrAmajI premI ke ina nikayoM kA hI sahArA lenA par3atA hai " jisa sampradAya ke astitva kA 15vIM zatAbdI taka patA lagatA hai aura jisameM zAkTAyana aura svayaMbhU Tha pratibhAzAlI vidvAna hue hai usakA sAhit sarvathA kI naSTa ho gayA ho isa bAta para sahasA vizvAsa nahIM hotA yaha avazya hogA aura prAcIna pratha paMjAroM meM jJAta ajJAta rUpa meM par3A hogaa| vikrama kI 1vIM 1vIM zatAbdI taka kannar3I sAhitya meM jaina vidvAnoM ne eka se eka bar3hakara saikar3oM grantha hai, koI kAraNa nahIM hai ki jaba usa samaya taka mApanIya saMgha ke vidvAnoM kI paramparA calI A rahI thI, taba unhoMne bhI kar3I sAhitya ko dasa mI grantha peTa na kiya ho / kar3I meM jo grantha upadha hai, patA se jAMca kI hai ki unake kAnoM meM kisane ApanIya the? yApanIya saMgha ke sAtha jaina dharma ke tulanAtmaka adhyayana karane bAloM kI bar3I sahAyatA milegii| gimbara zvetAmbara pahanedoM ke mUla kA patA lagAne ke lie yaha donoM ke bIca kA bIra donoM ko paraspara bor3ane vAlA hai aura dharma kA prArambhika itihAsa eka taraha se pUrva hI isake prakAza meM mAye dilA ukta ho jAtA haikistAra inake hone aura yaha kahI bhI hai| mera dAnoM ke aneka prakAra ke varga prayoktA se bITe jainiyoM meM mandira mArgI, bApU, ravI vajana he vAcana vAdAdivarSa hai, isI taraha digambaroM meM bhI ina nayA~ varSakI banditi meM pArI vAcA prastuta huI hai tathA Aja prAcIna kAla kIrA kI pAva meM uttarottara kamI jA rahI hai| 1 ra 73 /

Page #140
niSkarSata: jaina dharma baudha dharma kI hI bhAti zaktizAlI prAdurbhAva lekara Age bar3hA, para 12vIM 1vIM zatAbdI taka isa dharma ko tatkAlIna anya dharmo ke pravartakoM se evaM jaina dharma ke kaThina sAdhya niyamoM se isa dharma ko gahare dhakke lge| 110 AdikAlIna hindI jaina kRti meM jaina dharma ke vividha dArzanika siddhAnta aura unakA paricaya: mayAvadhi jaina kaviyoM dvArA prayukta jivanI kRtiyAM milI hai, una sabameM isa dharma ke pramukha vArzanika vidyAntoM kI abhivyaMjanA sarva dekhI jA sakatI hai| vi saca to yaha hai ki ina kRtiyoM meM adhika samAja ke sAmane dhArmika biTakaoNma prastuta karatI hai| dharma kA sambandha sadAcAra aura sevA se hai tathA binA samAja ke sevA kA mastvi nahIM / ataH zAMti aura sadAcAra se ina kRtiyoM meM kaviyoM ne mama diva aura mana dodhana ko banAyA hai| ina kRtiyoM meM jaina dharma ke pramukha oiN ko detA jA sakatA hai| (1) saMsAra yAra nazvara hai, jima aura na hI bAra hai, dIrghakara saMsAra kI nazvaratA kA bIca dete hai| ataH saMsAra ko nazvara sanama pratyeka vyakti ko mAtra vAcanA meM para honA caahie| vaha vargoM aura mAra diya ke dvArA hI manuSya saMsAra ke nikitA hai| jainiyoM ne dhAra kI naravaratA kA upadeza diyaa| ataH pahale saMhAra kI phira lAmA ko upapanA vAparatezvara bAkI rADa, cainavAlA rAva, naranArI moca yA skUlikA meM saMvAra kI nazvaratA para bahuta kucha kiyA gayA hai| (3) HEL nya pAca * kaviyoM meM bhI hai| pramukha tatva jIva, jIva, nirjarA, Adi hai| inameM ATha tatvoM ko jIva vAcavA hai to kAvyakAroM ne ina mo kI prApti use svataH ho jAtI hai| kA hAthoM meM bATa diyA hai| vIvoM meM muSya aura pa

Page #141
111 svarga ke devatA, tathA naraka saba A jAte hai| baMdhana ko kama ke Avarta meM mAdhadevA hai| ata: paramANu se lekara sthUla, atisthUla aura mahA sthUla saba padArtha pudgala hai pudagala kA mUla paramANu hai| ye paramANu hai| paramANu kI prathama sthiti pradeza kahalAtI hai| mudgala ke saMkhyA arthamA aura ananta prade hote haiM : pradezAtmaka samUha * kAraNa ye astikAya kahalAte hai| pApa aura puzma inhIM astikAyoM se sambandhita hai| jina kAraNoM se AtmA ke sAtha pApa sambandhI vividha karmoM kA sambandha hotA hai, ye kAraNa mAsa kahalAte hai| varga baMdhana meM manovyApAroM kA sthAna pramukha hai sa zarIra ko vibhinna kayoM ke baMdhana se rokane vAle AtmA ke nirmala mAnoM ko saMvara kahA gayA hai| karma kA mAtmA ke sAtha dUdha aura pAnI kI bhIti hone kA nAma maMthana hai| gama ko inhIM baMdhanoM se bayAnA mor3a kI prApti kalA hai| (3) mATha karma sa ko AvAgamana ke baMdhana meM bacane vAle ye bATha hai| jinameM jJAna varaNa, vanAvaraNa, vedanIya, mohanIya, gAi, nAma, gautra aura aMtarAma A jAte hai| inameM se darzanAvaraNa, vedanIya mohanIya aura antarAya pApa karma hai cArahI inhIM svAdhIna hai| ina AThoM kyoM meM manuSya jaisA karma karatA hai vaisA hI usakA bhI bhogatA hai| jJAnAvaraNa grAma zakti ko banAtA hai, vartanAvaraNa darzana zakti kA avarodhaka hai monIya moDa utma kathA hai| rAya iSTa vAcana meM bAdhA upasthita karatA hai| bIdoM kI bAi bAtI hai| bAda karma para acchA yA dvarA daura, izvara bhagavA isvara athakavA avadha bAbA hai| gocaka hote hai| saMskArI karma ke devatA bhAibhAi viveda bAlA mAra kA pUrA ma ucca nIca do kAma meM hogA isa karma kA parinAma hai| kArya vizna upasthita kalA hai| akarA hai baMdhana bhAvabaMdha aura pradeza me cAra prakAra meM hai| hote hai| yAnI jAtA hai| hai aura inako rokane kA nAma hai kI ke bhAva kA nAma hai nirmama phiTa kAma nirvara aura

Page #142
- kAla nirA bo prakAra kI hotI hai| yadi mirjarA kAla bana gayA karma vinaSTa ho gae to patra kI prApti hotI hai| anyathA lna hai| moba se sabako maya ho sakatA hai| mola bala nAma kI siddhi ho jAtI hai| (yAmAma, panyA caritra aura satya mAtmatatvako pahicAnamA hI mAmAna (Rahe Kmastudae hai| mAma vidhi karma AvaraNa ko mAme binA spaSTa nahIM ho skii| bAra kI sampUrva pIr3A thA saba bhAvAtmA kI zAmatA para balaviati mAmApisa honA hI jIvana ko mAdhyAtmika mAnA hai| satya mAna kA pApa mora nA hotA hI harita ( Raha conduct 1, para nA jIvana kA svarga kalA yA pApa mA~ pura rAnA banI nAriyA yA prApta karanA hai| isa gArika mAgoM aura gasTo donoM kA gariya gAbila hai| rAga isakI riyo me bavAnA aura gIlA hI vArma kA prasava- dharma vizvatva kA hai| pAnya barA tya, mAdhikAdhika gyAlA zorapisAva vana bhoga hotA hai| maga marmImA mayA hai| do anth - :- akSipAta kA bAbAlI kI tyA nahIM karanI muImevArayoM kA tyAga sA cAhie mahAnA -pInI manA- mAsika pI garIbAlA purI porI kA mAma mAma mAvasyA

Page #143
varNana kiyA hai| apanI patnI kI pAdita gati ke atirikta pratIka kI kAmaneSTA deya hai| - apariha apanI AvazyakatAoM ko jitanA kama kiyA jAya itanA hI ThIka hai| anAvazyaka vastu graha se bacane ko aparigraha kahA jAtA hai| - dizAoM kA prata: niyoM ne pUrva, pazcima, uttara, dakSiNa dizAna, Ameya, ritya, vAyavyaye gAra vidizAeM, sira ara kI urva dizA aura pairoM ke nIce kI ayodhi isa harAda virAI pAnI hai| inakI pravRtti ke anukUla bane kArya meM avarodha nahIM hotA nivina samApta ho Ate hai| bhogoM - pogoM kA milanA anivArya hai| jaina ma ke anusAra ekara jamA upasoga kiyA jAtA hai, ve padArtha bhoga kahalAte jaise anna, la , maadi| thA jo padArthabAra bAra upayoga me upayoga karatA hai| paravAbhAya kA nibhI isI basa meM zAmila hai| - nirarthaka pApAvaNa: isakA nAma anartha hI hai| anAvazyaka pApa manuSya karatA hai| use pApa kA upadeza nahIM karanA caahie| hiMsA pApa kA dhUla, isase baha dUra hai| pUrI vastuoM ko use bhUlara bhI dhyAna nahIM banA pAe, kyoki isase aneka prakAra pramAda pAkitA par3I eka bAna paramAra dhyAna karane ko sAmAji ko hai| : mAsasya meM sa nahIM kara dharma gAvo kA cIla yA parapAtyA pramidhAna karanA caahie| -poSaNA kA pariNAma hoyako bAkA parAvaNa mero- zAyavidhi ni! boDInA vANAlA pArAvA aura prAntamA rAjInAmA mA bhI mA gAvAtIsadI mAsikAra kA mAnoM meM prArampa pAca boM ko mAmalAmAge tIna guNavata pArA Heman sana mAnat, antra mAga hADI mms ra bamba iSTi

Page #144
114 kI sRSTi hotI hai| hIrthakaroM aura mahApuruSoM ke caritra hotA hai| samyaka darzana aura samyakRtva kI kA pUrNa samAveza sabhI prApti hotI hai| zastroM meM samyaktva kI paribhAeA meM ina bAtoM kA samAveza ho jAtA hai| isI AsthAna kiyA gayA hai| jaina prakAra jJAna aura guna sthAnoM kA bhI darzana meM 14 guNa premiyoM mAnI gaI hai| jaina darzana meM prayukta sabhI pAribhASika aura pratika hai| AdhyAtma bhAvanaT: ukta vivecana ke AdhAra para ke kaviyoM kI bAdhyAtma bhAvanA kA paricaya mila jAtA hai| vAra ko jaina kavi aniya samate hai| AdhyAtma ke prati jaina darzana kA mAna vividha rUpoM diyA jA sakatA hai| inamAna va tatvoM meM loka mAnanA, dhoSi durlavatva mAya, dharma vyAkhyA-bhAvanA, ekatva bhAvanA saMsAra bhAvanA tyA neen pAvanAoM ko liyA jA sakatA hai| inakA jaina darzana meM vitata paricaya mila jAtA hai| paTa varga: jainiyoM ne kamoM ko pradhAnatA dI hai ve hai- devapUjA, rUpa, guru kI upAsanA svAdhyAya, dAna aura saMyama meM tapa dhyAna huncha dhyAna, dhyAna, dharma dhyAna divyAnoM ke jA sakate hai| vahAM taka varSa vaiziSTya kA prazna hai ke dhAraNArtha pAya aura do / prakAra kA vaiziST ho 1- devarI vA mahi vAca viDiyo DAuloka-1 21- yA --ti samyaka dRSTi - XP, - bAga - apUrvakaraNa 9 anivRttikaraNa 11-12-13 5 100 samparAya 24 nyAya vivA, yuvAkA 14 hai| deza jaina darzana 0 106 muni zrI vihAla, prakAzaka: kvadAcArya ke samA * paTana

Page #145
pApa, pApAmudhI pAya, aura pApAnabaMdhI pushm| ina tatvoM ke firsa mA~ kI , asthA' jinakA bahAra mama jIvana meM dI hai| sAtha Avaka vAnika jinase jaina dharma kI vyavahArikatA, dharma bhAvanA, IT mova, sAra, hiMsA, 'vizva zAnti bhAdi kI prabhAvanA hotI hai| jaina kaviNe aura bAniyoM meM yaha spaSTa kiyA ki kalyANa kA mArga sabake lie RT FITS meM apAra duSa, dharma prabhAvanA lie paramAvazyaka hai| bhagavAna kI pratimA ke darzana meM mana kA samasta kAhasya jAtA hai| jIvana ko gatizIla banAne ke lie fer kA manugamana karanA ha ka lie bama kI bhAvagyatA, paga mAdhyama pI zarIra hai| manuSya ko basAI dAna kIsa homA paae| yo kirIra hI bayAnA aura dAnazIlatA sampanna hotI hai| devI saba glii| nI madhyastha, pramoda nA mA bI nagara bhAvanAoM kI avadhAraNA kI rinirAkI pAvanA yA bhaja pravRttiyoM apa karane kA manuSya ko rAmAra varAmI sAne niyoM meM AyA hai va manuSya patA aura bAbara yAprati nimAvAna khira kyA kI prAdhimA basA krtii| lo| bana lAdobArAmAge pAyayora ra mAyA mama Mrwarm ge yo mAra vividha linoM aura parivAnI mAre bhAna gAje -- - . . . lA. .mi... vimA . mana, .. uhvrmnaa| - INTautyattiko

Page #146
hai umra yA kahate hai| vivitra raMgoM ke sAtha isakI saMgati ra zastrakAroM isakI paribhASA dii| raMgIna jIva mI vividha varSa batalAe garI zyAmanuSyakA mama prabhAvakAra lokakalyANa kAraka jyA vasvI-pravRttimaya banatA hai| ina bayoM ke atirikta kA vinAza mI paramAvara garama bhAva ko sabapha kara hI manuSya ko pratyeka kArya kA bhAvamA karanA caahie| nivavivAda maga ziti kA vivecana bhI milatA hai| ise devavAra yA pani yatA bAba evaM bhAmAbAda bhI kahA gayA hai| niyati navana adhika pralaya nahIM detaa| mahAvIra meM bhI aneka sthaloM para apane dUno niyati kA virodha kiyA hai| mahAvIra 2 upayoM spaSTa hai ki nizivAya eka prakAra kI am mA pratyaka kArya himAbita hone meM miA kI bhAvanA ph| niyati bArI bAra meM vAstaba meM unake anuzAra niyativAda thamA daivavAda gIkA bhAra kA hai| yaha ko pApiyoM me apanA pApa yAne ga aura gAyoM ko apanI kAyaratA po mArA hai| devavAda kA mArA gati milatI / pesA kA pAtA hai parantu vaH jAti nahIM, somA, bIvana kA pala hai| vastutaH minivAba, eka prakAra kI gaNanA, pApIra pAya vIravAnA boro parako bhAvanA ra paramA pI. pArapAnI gAyI vAdI ra parAkI mAkosI pAnI pala mAgaNI tyA dRSTi kamahInA kii|'paanii vivAniti kA virodha aura amar yi para paravartI - patimoramAtmanaH / .. ___ kaTiyAga - m

Page #147
117 aura vAnikoM kI dRSTi se niyati tatvoM kA samAhAra bhI kara liyA gayA hai| isa prakAra kArgakArA pAca gAvi-kula-mada, mAna bharikSakarma, adha TO vairAgya aura pati ko bhI pUrA pUrA sthAna diyA gayA hai| ima racanAoM meM jaina yApI bAsa bar3A mila jAtA hai| pramANoM waura paroyako pramukha sthAna EiTT hai| smaraNa pratyabhijJAna aura anumAna paroSa prabhAva bAra bArI bAbhI va kisa gapa hai| mAmaloM meM inakA zilpa svapa spaSTa hogaa| umta yo atirikA naniyoM mAra vimAnoM meM pI jAmamA baayaa| anekAnta athavA syAdavAda! myAibAda mana svAra aura mAda vo mayoM nA hai| sthAra va visI nizcita iSTikoNa kA iyo| hI mAmaya banegA pUjA megana sakthana gArtha smAravAda kA mA bAbAI kA ibarA nAma bhanekA bAda gii| bhAga lina ne syAmAra ko kAmaya barSa kA taka banalA ra bAloM nivAraya nausa svama ko svIgara kinAra na yo na ga rga , kRSTi, dizA menA. aisA karane pomgefitone - mAramA sonA svANAnyA mityAni svApasa aura bA nivAko syAhAra kAmbavAda vA nityAnitya mAnAbAno golora dekhie-bida hema bAla-bApI / amropriatelsentimentoubsistentMLALthat radatd- troduction byir.Karelallahapuger

Page #148
118 vAlI dvandi anekAnA iSTi hai| sIse vastakA yathArtha svama kA hotA hai| udAharaNArya hAthI ke kisI ka vizeSa ko hAdhI nahIM kaDe / sampUrNa goM ko milAkara hAthI saMjJA dI jA sakatI hai| mataH anekAnta mA syAdavAda vastu hai, nahIM hai, eka . aneka hai, bhAdi donoM rUpoM meM 'sakA mana karatA hai| vastugoM kA visma badala patA hai parantu unakA tatva bahI hai| isa prakAra sahI batva aneka rUpoM vidyamAna satA hai| usako vibhinna svarUpoM meM hama dekhate hai para usakA pUla rUpa ko isa inkAra nahIM kiyA jA skaa| isa taraha vividha inTi kinyoM ibArA kA samanvaya karake bhinna athavA vidA dikhAI dene vAle matoM meM samucita bhAsya sthApita karanA yaha anegava iSTi kA svamya hai| isa para isa dRSTi kI vyApakatA mAratA aura upayogitA samajhI jA sakatI hai| isa udAra dRSTi se pavitra bala se hI ma . ma kolAhala mAnata hokara mAna samAna meM paraspara samabhAva kA hai| isa bhAva athavA prabhArI anekAMsavAda uddeza hai| isa samaya nikAyahI nikalA hai ki gantavAva samanyavAvAda hai aura usame utpanna hone vAlA vo nyAbhUta vAmbAyA samabhAva / samabhAva vyApaka maitrI bhAga kA hone para tumba bhUmi nyAsa bhUmi bana sakatI hai|' me ka haba svarupa mA gAI hai| vo bastura baneka yA vidayamAna rI RTE kAmako svAgAvAge ke samIpa yA mail mA Thotomottana.orangestimatement the soul or the prialal astier, coastane, to subaie. Nothing sharinon.maLated30dakaasa (utodmotion" . Baralandan) page3, byAAVAL LAMMAdalateratun Boriesuspe-2 Shrivallabharasaard4.89TanbalataBoaby-3,

Page #149
119 gAvI vastutaH anekAnta yA syAvAda kA mArA sipa vaiziSTya usake manta bhaMgI svama dekhA gayA hai| mevAta ko samaya se baina hindI kaliyoM ko sapane meM paryApta sahAyatA milatI hai| affari ___ Na kA sAyana jaina kaviyoM hamezya asA dharma kA mUlamA tAtmaka prAriyoM kA honA kara isa ziprasAra pratyeka jaba imi meM kiyA pratiyoM prakAra bIma kA pracAra prasAra aura vina misA mAnaba apane jIvana ko kAsemA vA / a frre pramiyAnA manuSya ko apanA paahie| jaina kaviyoM kI yA viSayA ko dI taka kiyA namI devI mAM / vividha miyAnI prayoga bodalAvoM ko skina parAgita ra jaina kaviyoM meM svayaM ko rassA liyA bamA na parva aura vana kA mUla aura 4 kaliyoM na karibImabAroko mAmeka barmana EiTra affarnaalaa| owersonawantonymention thatate.xom dittorno in otat aon to unch whos we made ratand the parti. amlarpointm2003003atatapur2. mAhitI pAvaH bAsti yazAmA asthi-mAti, bAgabATa mAmaH nAsibabhyata pa ti -gA -vara 1-559 3.Janataemptselset ANIMAnthemle otg004onlaet. artotuatan1000000000minishithamait 00rtims xist. Therstore injanne .maa. DOW N ighest.titonirincipak. ..matlamma.. Homsamasoomno indineCAMERIme Donation ameNan, M anilor oratasai

Page #150
free: 120 kaivalya ukta sidhAntoM ke AdhAra para dharmAcaraNa karane se hI prApta ho sakatA hai aura yahIM vanya jaina puniyoM ko mukti kI ora asara karatA hai| videha kI titha bhI jaina muniyoM kI AdhyAtmika sAdhanA kara rahasya hai| kaivalya pada prApta hone para tapasvI sAdhaka mukti kI ora agrasara ho jAtA hai|sty dhArmika after saha astitva, aparigraha aura zasake lAyaka hote haiN| syAdavAda use ativAdI banane se rokatA hai aura tapasyA kI vivi se jJAna ke svarUpa aura areefense jaise kaThina svaroM se pAra karAne vAle sahAyaka satya hai| vahIM jaina dharma darzana kA dvAra hai| isa prakAra ina sabhI kRti meM sAhitya ke mAdhyama se prakaTa darzana sampradAtA aura udAravAcaka kA pratIka hai| yadi nirapekSa bhAva se dekhA jAya yo prakRtivAda, nikavAda, vijJAnavAda, inyavAda advaitavAda, Izvara-kartRtva-vAda Adi sabhI vAdoM kI pramANikatA se jaina darzana phItA karake valA hai| satyaTE donoM ko jaina dharma kA vardhana svIkAra karatA 3 jaina dharma ke samAnAntara calane vAlA bauddha dharma anekoM meM jaina dharma ke baudha dharma kA jai dharmoM ke mUla chatvoM se paddhatiyoM ko chor3akara dharma se sAmya devA vA sakatA hai| bauddha dharma ke kI nahIM mI usakA kiyA hai| gayA usameM mAmA kyAna aura vinI mAnavatA ke pradeza marA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki vaha saMsAra meM sthAnoM para bAda bhI ba darzana se mela bar3A hai| kucha 1. In the Jala syaton the principal is always kept in the fore front and hence religious toleration fellowship and e-existence is the essence of Jain Philosophy - see Jainsm 2000 7. The forword written by Dr. Hiralal Jain." 2. Jeiniem mentions that truth and natruth have been existing and will continue to exist side by side" See Jalaion page

Page #151
WE 121 stana rakhane meM yama hai tathA apane anekAnta siddhAnta idvArA aneka vAda ke vivAdoM ke sAtha samaphItA prastuta kiyA hai| vaha vAyva, bAgAuMbara para DI vaha nahIM detaa| aparigraha, ahiMsA aura anekAnta para bhI asAdhAraNa vaha detA hai| hI usake darzana kA pramukha satya hai| vastutaH jaina darzana AtmA kI sara meM vizvAsa karatA hai| vaha muSya ko svAvalambI banAnA cAhatA hai| usake anusAra kevala mAranA hI pavitratA aura pUrva kI ora hI hai| AtmA ko pUrNatA kI bora bar3hAne meM brahmAcAroM se dUra hokara lukya ko kara gamana karanA hogaa| bAdhanA meM upane ke bAda hI manuSya kI ho sakatI hai| inhIM bhAvanAoM ko bAbAraMga ma 116-17) meM samyaka prakAra se pakAyA hai| vaha ko eka meM vizvAsa rakhane kA upadeza detA hai| kRAma meM to yahAM taka zikSA hai ki he manuSya apane zarIra lar3I anya kisI ne koI kAma nhiiN| manuSya hI usakA bar3e acchA miyA se kahane meM 1 t:hocording to the Jains their religion as propounded by their omniscient TIRTHANKAR 1 nothing but truth and hence they are inclined to believe that there has never been an age when Jainism dil not exist at least in some part of the world and that there will never come an age, when it will be ompletely wiped off from the surface of our globe. See the Jain religion and 24terature, vol. 1- page 78by Dr. HR. Kapadia. 3- 2 PENTE NOW: z nove $. avatAravAda E-NETENTE, & TEATS, 17 1- PATITE,, comf 11-sAkAra bikAra bAda bA 1- navA ina bA sAtha udAra dRSTi ke nivAhara hai| - nimadivAda -kriyAvAda, 10-digambara zvetAmbaravAda 13-mA vivAda, 14-vahAraBUT WITH THAT & BUT nA unakItA kiyA

Page #152
122 mitra hotA hai| vAstava meM jaina dharma ke isa vaiziSTya meM AdhyAtmika betanA bharI hai, parAga hI nitina dharma darzana aura nihita bama darzana dvArA karane kI bastu na ma yogI se vivAnoM ne baina darzana sindha vaiziSTa. para vidvatApUrva prakAra ddaalaa|' ina dAnika siddhAnbo kA vaiviya pariSada - 1 (1) The foxmot pullarity of Jnia is that it claias no non-humansouron Its tenets are baasdom the knowledge of the netors, who have attained perfection by theirometfortan this very nirarse. Acording to Jaunthaitiathe human mulatonouhich can mach the Lhost degrekotpurithoation AII80minaro passe"sed of fulness and perfection. Jain la totally against offtring devotion to any being human or devine, in the hope of caining bliss, immortality or perfection through theeroy of the beingthouldevelopment of the soul cannot begained thrush outsida and lond Mahavir emphationlly declared *Man, thou are thino own mond, why hashest thoutorairiend beyond thyaelt.ma.baa tostumsamith oners ownentatanhavingtaithin 00.. onastrength. Thatu Lotor10.xpected todateat napamananensomvinga and notArtollou beine. bAvaraMgapUba (A)Plantibyour own body,why shouliyontintuith any wain - (AILORAMATourselthy truthextemaltons. Hothonquareasok,throughtmaitlobbata 2. comtutonummernamaytunsonatantamin -originalston, ARAR.Stattootnandependeattha LOthemamathathoreton,Mutuablportsnos Torth.smdySPAadsaopbottomshsAN12xloualit. La madent IR LA 360 concns at the latory of Religion Page 102 MDEHRAmlallata. 3. The sleepy of the judam & aut osventilly founded on AparmomlarAsiaFostermal revealstion button the wntoldmentotoptrataaloonsetonanesandhsohis the birtariat of over old book writing AAd soriptures 13antrate,M uruPart, this truth, but the Ritimate taatmaakasmatomeremoriasangaretail HTeastoatokhetratimott aMhLebast botal 800-mansammausONARIE16. Mrs.

Page #153
123 isa adhyAya meM karane kA mUla uddezya lekhaka kA kevala yahI rahA hai ki hindI jaina kRtiyoM ke mUla meM dharmajJAmadhArA yA preraNA ke rUpa meM vimAna hai| ataH ina racanAoM kA adhyayana karane se pUrva unameM prayukta ukta dArzanika vidhAnoM kA paricaya bhI pIta apekSita hai| anyathA kaI unakara raha jAyeMge mAge kucha kuru meM prayukta kucha moTe moTe jaina dArzanika vijJAna hoM para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| yoM to ina racanAoM meM sAmAnyata: jaina dharma ke tatva sarvatra mila jAte hai karoMki ye kRtiyAM jaina muniyoM, pradhAnAna bAvaka, jainaba thA vItarAgI gRhastha (kucha chor3akara) idvArA lilI gaI hai| phira bhI yaha kucha pramukha kRtiyoM ke jaina siddhAntoM kA paricaya diyA jA rahA hai| pramukha hindI jaina kRtiyoM dvArA praNIta dhArmika evaM dArzanika siddhAntaH kRtiyoM meM dhArmika dArzanika siddhAntoM ke prathama kI paramparA ke dharma kI prAcInatA kI bhAMti hI cira prAcIna hai| prAkRta se lekara purAnI hindI ka kI mI rakhanA maiM kisI na kisI prakAra jaina dharma tathA darzana ke skUloM kA pravana mila jAtA hai| mahAvIra mIra meM prAkRta pAyA ko dharma pracAra kA grAma bnaayaa| saMskRtya bhI vainiyoM dvArA prabhUta mAtrA meM raha gayA hai| 0 sAhitya kI mahattA para dhUma prakAza DAlA hai| isI prakAra para kAra saMskRta ke pazcAta jaina kI loka 1. Sow what would nokrit pooter be without the large Sanskrit literature of the Jaians. the more I learn to know it the more my admiration rises - Jaina hasana Vol. 1- No. 21 Bartel.

Page #154
124 gajAneTa ke vicAra ullekhanIya jana dharma parva darzana kA praNayana ina pradhI meM hI nahIM nitA zrI milatA hai| moriloM meM apane anya meM ina zilA lege kA paryApta vivecana kiyA hai| bastu purAnI hindI vA aparitara racanAvoM meM bhAye vidhAntoM kA paricaya dinA rahA hai:(1) nivAsa rimA pAkI .kI isa banA guru kA pAtya spaSTa hotA hai| ma -biguru kI bAnA aura stutiko kAma Avazyaka samaya meM isa sAdhana maguru kA sthAna pAnA mA RT hai| (paratezvara bhAimalI rAma mikI - Puii rakhamAbAda, gAyA aura bhanyamatva yA sArI mArA aura rAyabakA varNana yiA gaNa yAbAda bhI isameM dekhA vA mA / (a) manavAlA rAma mA vi pAnA bhI diyA aura bAraha bata, prathA rokAyAApUnA kI varNana milatA hai| 10 mimA mAi - - 1.COMomandantoskaniamdastotherakrit Lterature.shonas01.00natomatics ot Mattraisentaravamtah onMastoorival otsanutriterwtarendertainty aor.popalarthaa SMARKESitersture are mahadetatto the Jataas for all the ide v get of the popular Prakrit USomsam-00mlna Darshan page24. (ADSomathon the bolnot thedatarpures11 Madangersualyoutudanamarateatedly Imrwalignnon- planatmelan Deman4-25

Page #155
netA na dIvA, tapa, Ari, ami thA moDa para prakAra kAlatA hai| 40 pekSA tathA marArAsa jI khAdI kI ina afrat barmita dharma, pUrtipUjA yA vividha broM kA vivecana hai| varNana pati yA ko pUrNa brA kA nivedana hai| (1) neminAtha tathA sthalimA TYA ina donoM patiyoM mAravAdiSa, tapa AT saMsAra kI nAbaratA evaM prAtyA kI zikA parika pitA diyA kI zilA para kavi ne payADa miyA misiyArI pIpala kA prama / mATo mAdhyArimAkAvya gi, mana, usakI istiyA, pAla, vizva vaya thA ke samAnatA para poja diyA gayA hai| vividha mA~, viviyo , mI balboM, bambakatva, mAdhyAtma pAvanA pati, devapUSA, svAdhyAga, gAvata zAnti, APE AT morahi / isI prakAra mA taya kI vidhi ma svama diyA gayA hai| tea bAritA after bAba magara / mora aura mayamA sArI mAvara, pI. aura bAga bhAsiyoM para prabhAga mI nArA ni / mAlamA pora mAna tyAvara mAnA / fami TamminAnoM kopI bhAga lioDanterest. yA mAmAna vivA kI kii| matoina ni pAla, rA

Page #156
126 (11) sudarzanadeTha zIla prabaMdha hatya 15vIM vAdI kI isa kRti meM kavi ne jATha karma, bAraka drava, nau paTa karma, pUrva bhaya guNa premI saMsAra nazvaratA, samyaka zIla, pratyakSa parove tathA mukti kesoM ko janatA meM pracArita kiyA hai| (11) kumAla - isa kRti meM sAthamA kI vividha sthitiyA~, tapa vizikhA, dharmopAkhyAna urereen freemA dRSTi rAga Adi biyA mila jAte hai| (13) vihaMgati caupAI prastuta racanA saMsAra kI nazvaratA, karma, dApoha tathA bhavaliti ke prati karArA vyaMya hai| AdhyAtma jIvana aura AtmA ke prati rAga ko spaSTa karanA isakA hai| smoM dvArA prApta vividha narakoM kA varNana paraloka kI sthiti spaSTa pramukha karate haiN| (14) vikrayAvilAsa cavAr3oM aura pada bATa pArita darA ina donoM racanAoM meM vividha moM se pAye kaSToM, pUrva bhava dRzyoM. dIvA vAra kI nazvaratA kA mahiMdA, vAnti aura AdhyAtma ciMtana kA ullekha hai| isa prakAra aneka kRtiyoM meM sAhitya ke mAdhyama se kama bhAvA meM ina racanAkAroM meM baina dharma kA pracAra kiyA hai| kavi dharma pracAraka bhI hai aura kavi bAda meM isa dArzanikoM kI Ta ko karane ke lie ina kaviyoM me tara rAma, rAmoM yA vividha iSTAntoM se arter se mahatva ra ka kI mora mAya ina saba kRtiyoM kI pravarA hai| prakArAvara se yA nirveda ko kiyA hai| kAra vIra bAdi ravoM kA jama meM samAhAra inoM kA adhyayana ina racanAoM dvArA kiyA vA mAdhyama kA hai| evaM dIvita ho / meM kucha meM ma ai 1

Page #157
127 isa prakAra yuga kI tatkAlIna paristhitiyoM ko samajha kara jaina dharma ke ina dArzanika vidyAyoM kA adhyayana karane se inaravanAmoM ke sAhitya kI sampannatA aura kAvya ke guNoM kA mUla ho sakatA hai| ataH kRtiyoM ke adhyayana ke pUrva pRSThabhUmi ke rUpa meM jaina vartana ke vidhAntoM kA adhyayana parama Avazyaka hai|

Page #158
adhyAya - Y 1 atha kA paina sAhitya !

Page #159
128 18 apa kA jaina sAhitya || apabhraMka kA sAhitya atyanta samRddha hai| isa sAhitya kA vizAla aMza jaina bhaMDAroM meM surakSita hai|ab jaina bhanDAroM kI paryApta zodha ho rahI hai| ataH isa sAhitya kI mRtyu uttarottara adhika hotI jA rahI hai| zodha ke abhAva meM eka bAra prasiddha jarmana vidvAna ciztu ko ko kahanA par3A thA ki "apAra kA vipula sAhitya ho gayA hai| vAstava meM usa samaya samyaka zodha kI kaThinAiyAM carama para thiiN| sAtha hI jainI loga bhI apane bhaMDAroM ko dikhAnA apanA apamAna samajhate the| ras aba aisI bAta nahIM hai| gujarAta, dillI, jayapura, nAgaura, bIkAnera, jaisalamera ke maMDAroM se apapretra kI anekoM kaviyA milI, aura milatI jA rahI hai| kAraMjA ke jaina bhaMDAra se upalabdha racanAoM ke AdhAra para apa bhASA meM viracita jaina sAhitya kI sampannatA nirmAntavidha ho jAtI hai| apa bhASA ke sAhitya kA samaya yadyapi vidvAnoM ne cauthI pAcavI zAdI se 1000 I0 taka nirdhArita kiyA hai parantu vAstava meM isa sAhitya kA eka siMhAvalokana karane para udbhava kAla meM upalabdha racanAe~ bahuta puSTa nahIM pratIta hotI / ke parizIlana ke lie isake itihAsa ko dI kAla meM vibhakta kaUT jA sakatA hai: * 1- prArambhika kAla (500 I0 1. svargakA 1- prArambhika kA 800 I0 taka) (800 I0 -1500 I0 taka) bhASA kA udaya ho ThIka se nahIM kahA jA sakatA para sarva prathama maharSi paricita pApinI TIkA ke patra kA ullekha milatA hai|' 1: pUrvAyozvayAH kanIyaH isuvA iti| ekaikasya hi idasya mahatokA sA teree se gAvI gauvI goThA govoketyAdI mahAH devi pASinI bhASya nirNayasAgara saMskaraNa 0 30-31

Page #160
129 1 sAtha hI I0 pU0 dUsarI zatAbdI meM pataMjali ne aneka sthAjya azavabUdoM kA ullekha mI kiyA hai| aise zabdoM ko apabhraMza kahA gayA hai| idhara dUsarI yA tIsarI zatAbdI meM hue paratamuni ne apamaMta ko svataMtra bhASA siddha kiyA hai| nATya zAstra meM yaha ullekha iSTavya hai|' bharata ne sAtha hI als ner kA kSetra bhI nirdhArita kiyA hai| inake bAda apabhraMza ke kucha ukAra bahula zabdoM ke prayoga- lalita vistAra 'nAmaka prAcIna grantha maiM bhI milate hai| nATyazAstra kAroM ne avazya prAkRta ko hI bhASA kahA hai aura prAkRta bhASA ko bhinna dezoM ke anusAra liyA hai| balamI ke rAjA dharasena ke zilA maiM bhI apabhraMza kA ullekha milatA hai| sAtha hI saMskRta ke prAcIna vidvAnoM daMDI, mArke Adi dvArA bhI apaka nAma ke vividha pramANa milate haiN| udyotana sUri apanI kuvalayamAlA meM vIM zatAbdI ke aya kI prazaMsA karate hai to apane bhASA ko dezI bhASA hI svIkAra karate haiN|" isI taraha puSpadaMta, jami vA mammaTa, hemacandra Adi jaDa bhAvata para apane mata die haiM jinapara vistAra meM prakAza DAlA jA cukA hai| 6 kintu apabhraMza nAma kA ulleha jitanA prAcIna milatA hai utanA usakA sAhitya nahIM miltaa| hI ina prabhAvoM ke AdhAra para isake sAhitya kA prArambha va vAdI se mAnA ho jA sakatA hai parantu vIM se bhI bAdI taka apabhraMza kA ullelI vAhatya adyAvadhi upalabdha nahIM hotaa| vastutaH va sevAvRdI meM pakA vika 1- abarAmI kaDA viDIyA hInA mAvAstra (16-10) inameM amIrI hI vIrAn vadezAH samAcitA: pryojyet|| nahI grantha *- faarants, #I. <Page #161
130 sAhitya fear gayA hogA jo sambhavata: zodha hone para upalabdha ho| ataH aisI sthiti meM vIM se ravIM vayAbdI meM upalabdha apapreza sAhitya ke AdhAra para hI isa sAhitya kAmUlyAMkana kiyA jA sakatAhai / vastutaH yaha sAhitya vIM zatAbdI se hI upalabdha hotA hai| 2- svarNakAla apabhraMza ke TavIM se 13vIM zatAbdI ke isa kAla kI upalabdha - sAhitya ke AdhAra para svarNakAla kahA jA sakatA hai, kyoMki isa kAla meM svayaMbhU puSpadanta, dhanapAla, nayanaMdI, pAhila, cavala Adi aneka mahAkavi paidA hue hai| ataH isa kAla meM upalabdha sAhitya bar3A vipula hai| svayaMpU apabhraMza ke pahale kavi ghoSita kie jA sakate hai| svayaMmU ke pazcAt to apabhraM kAvyoM kI paramparA atyanta samRddha hotI gaI aura apa kAvyoM kI racanA 17vIM zatAbdI taka bhI milatI hai| parantu 12vIM zatAbdI se hI apa ke rUpoM meM paryApta parivartana hone laga gayA thA ataH ye parivartI apabhraMza racanAe~ adhika sabala aura sazakta nahIM pratIta hotI / svarNakAla meM prayukta atha ke kAvya pranthoM kA vibhAjana isa prakAra kiyA jA sakakSA 10 1 prabandha kAvyoM kI zrI meM mAne vAle kAvya hai mahApurAna purAna pati kAvya 4. 1 $ mahA syAtmaka praya kAya E Xin devaka loga svagAdi upadezAtmaka kAvya

Page #162
muktaka kAbya ke antargata mAnevAle kAvya : 1- gIta sotra stavama aura pada thA 2- upadezAtmaka sphUTa rcnaaeN| yahI isa samasta prakAra kI banAmoM kA vivekama saMpa meM bhI saMbhava nahIM hai aura na Avazyaka hI hai, jahA isa rakSAoM kI pramukha vizeSatAnoM para hare veSa meM vicAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| ve isa prakAra :(1) racanAoM kI aitihAsikatA: apaca kI rabanAeM prAyaH aitihAsikatA kA pratipAdana bhI karatI hai|in racanAoM ke dvArA tatkAlIna bhASA, samAja aura saMskRti ke sabhI tatvoM kA aitihAsika mAtya bhAkA mA sanA hai| apaja kI kyA diyA,baca kiyAsa, zakti aura maundarya kI sArthakatA aura koka jIvana meM usakA samparka thA skuTa kIsamI paramparAkoM kA nirvAha apabhraMza kI ina racanAmoM meM milatA hai| apanI prApta thAtI kA itihAsa apane puravita rkhaa| bhASA gastrIya baMdhanoM meM A nimagna yA sAhitya dezI bhASA me sahana samparka sthApita karane kA avasara prApta kara skaa| yaiyapi varNana kI paramparAraM se ziSita thI parata aitihAsika puruSoM, sthAnoM yA anya sAmAjika svosthApita kara sAhitya kI samaga sabhI paramparAgoM kI relisimAge prANimA sya para na somAnI mA mA, Airika parivartana kA vo sIna kI zatIya paramparAgoM vo purAnA ina sthiti kA paryApta varNana mi . nAyara ko bAra bAhitya kI mamatA kI pUrI pUrI TI ... mIna ra sAhitya usa nAgara samAna kI thI vicAradhArA ko prativimbisA hai jo apanA revivAkiyA mAmA karane lagAni binA meM bAdhaka ho galIma .

Page #163
132 saMskRta sAhitya bhI prata dikhAI par3atA hai| kyA varzana kyA kAvya sarvatra purAne kyoM kI punarAvRtiyAM dikhAI par3atI hai| maulika ujhAvanA kI apekSA TIkA aura vyAkhyAnoM meM rakha liyA jA rahA thA,prameya dUra thA, pramANa barI adhika thI, dArzanika ekatA maya myAya ke bAda vivAdoM meM purita ho rahI thii| samasta pinsamavarka jAla meM usakA saMskRta kAvya hadaya ke saDana ucchavAsa ko chor3akara pADitya pradarzana tathA mAdhya bAlaMkArika bainTAyoM meM lIna thA | anyoM kA bAhulya thaa| rasa ke mAna kara va zaktiyoM ke sAmanta the| prakRti mitra, nAma parigaNana, aura bhaudhakya vidhAna se vophila thaa| mAnava anubhUtiyoM kI abhUmi saMkurita hokara gArika lIlAoM se paMkli ho sI thii| rAjadarabAra ke ujar3e vaizva kI bhAsI punarAvRtti se vastu varNana mila ho rahA thaa| carita kAvyoM meM parivoM kA vyaktitva ra thAe TAipoM ke sA meM hI ho pA thA, mukkaka kAvya kRtrima aura praya the| prabandha kAma bhAkAra meM bila hote hue bhI zrIna hIna hai|' aSaya meM ina mI bar3hiyoM kA prayoga kara skRta sAhitya kI utabhI prabiyoM ko rokA kAvilIna sabhI sAmagrI meM aitihAsikatA ko avazya banAe rakhA inavoM kI aitihAsikatA ninAda ho pAtI hai| kRSiya gAliyabA gAgaraNa parivana thA resiAmichAti prastuta karatI hai| svayaM abhyAsa, aura mAna praNi kapila upasthita karane vAle sa ma ya para ni maMgamA sA ganoM vijJAna, niAra aura mAna pramaca kAvyoM meM rAma aura bInako kAvyA vAdhAra banA kara prabandha vAva dizAmA aura pArIraviyoM ke Ane se, kIka isI magara apane prAmamAna miA kandhoM meM bIviyAnoM ko bhI jogitAmasArA samparka karane kI bArI sAregAmIjI mater PROR.MARA ,rIvAla

Page #164
133 you fathila hokara punaH zakti lAbha karatA hai ThIka isI prakAra apabhraMza ke ima prabandhoM kI sthiti thii| dharma pracAra aura mahApuruSoM ke caritavarNama meM inhoMne vaividhya Dho prastuta kiyA, parantu saMskRta kI ekarUpatA tathA prabhAvAnviti kI samyaka surakSA kara sakane meM ye kAvya savama nahIM the| hara ina prabandhoM kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA hai, inakA vaividhya evaM inakA laukika paramparAoM se samajhautA se kAvya jana samAja ke liye haiN| inameM vibhinna rUpoM meM varNita sAmAjika svarupa tathA mAnava kI lokamUlaka kriyAmoM aura vibhinna dRzyoM ke sundara citra prApta hote haiN| * ghaTanA meM vaividhya, kautUhala kyA kathAtmakatA meM vividha camatkAra evaM Aroha avaroha lagabhaga sabhI iSTavya hai| ina prabandha graMthoM ko mahAkAvya ke tatvoM kI saTI para dekhane para inameM nAyaka varNana, satya tathA vaividhya, rasa aura anya sabhI bAtoM kA samyaka nirvAha milatA hai parantu thor3e thor3e parivartana ke saath| yadyapi mUlataH inako varSamakrama, kAvya paddhatiyoM ghaTanA- vinyAsa tathA AdhAra bhUta tatvoM meM paryApta samAnayA hai| para sAhitya kI isa saMkrAti kAlIna sthiti ne mahAkAvya ko bahA diyaa| usameM jIvanta saMskRta kI tulanA meM kama ho gyaa| saMskRta kI kAsonmukha prakRti kA prabhAva ina para par3e binA nahIM raha skaa| aura yahI kAraNa hai ki vahI kyA rUr3hiyA~, vahI kAvya kar3iyA, vahI varNana krama, vahI pAramparika ghaTanAkrama aura vahI kyA kA tAratamya banA rhaa| phira bhI dhArmikatA, pracAra parva janasamAja se samparka hone ke prayoM meM loka jIvana kA saMparka saundarya, mAdhyAtmikatA, pramA paravA aura IlA mA bAdi guNa vidyamAna para poca kase vAle vimAnoM meM mayi Treat afte me kAvyoM kI prathamakatA aura sAhitya saundarya ko kAvyoM kI durbala kahakara saMdeha kI iSTi se devA hai hai bAta aisI nahIM hai| isa sAhitya kA manthana bhI nahIM ho sakA hai| kI paramparAeM to unameM avazya surakSita hai| 1- devi hindI ke vikAsa meM mana kA boma 0 1-0 ivArA ThA0 nAmavara siMha * devi hindI sAhityakA mAvikA va mada hindI hiba kI ki DA0 jvArIprasAda dvivedI dvArA die dUra afa at kA vira 3162

Page #165
134 hai parantu 8vIM se 19vIM utAidI ke saMkrAtikAhIna samaya meM aise sundara mahAkAvya maMDakAvya, romATika kAvya tyA muktaka kAvya andha milanA hamAre prAcIna sAhitya kI apUrva sampannatA kA iyotaka hai| vana paraMparA kI kAvyAtmakatA, chanda, alaMkAra rasa kisI bhI iSTi se ye kAvya kamajora nahIM pdd'te| ko saMskRta kAvya me tulanA karane para imameM apekSAkRta doSa darzana kA Aropa lagAyA jA sakatA hai| kyA aura caritra andho meM svayam kA uma carita harivaMza purANa, mahApurANa dhanapAla kI pavisayatta kahA hemacandra kRta vikAThi zalAkA parita, dhavala kavi kA harivaMza purANa apraina kRtiyoM meM prathvIrAja rAso ke apakSa ke aMza, ranyU ke padaya aura balabhadra purANa 4 yAkIrti kA pAnDa-purANa tathA harivaMza purANa aura atikI ti kA harivaMza purANa puSpadanta kA jayakumAra bariu, sAra bariu ,vIra kavi kA caMbUsvAmI carikha, mayamaMdI kA dakhana carita kAmara kA karaka carita, sAgaradatta kA jambUsvAmI parita prAnta ke supAmA parikSa meM apAMca aMza, devabanda ke mulabAsyAna aura vardhamAnamUri kA varSamAna parita, pAhi kavi kA mAsiri carita "zrIdhara kavi kA pAnA pariu salamAla parita, pavikhyAtta carita, tathA mulocanA carita' +vi siMha raviza pugjAla parisara pradyumna parita) harimA viracita manatmAra pti| 1- devi bAya DA. hariyA gema... 1- mAvA pI.-sampAdaka zrI. lAla aura gume yA hindI vikAsa apakA bona.sA.nAmavara siMha .. digambara mandira bar3A hapaSioMgara-jayapuravita sabA ilAhAbAda nivApiTI DIz2A modhIrAlAba kA nirdeshn| 4.bAmerAsva maMDAra bpur| azA goDa-10 "bahI . . . -mAmerazAlva TAranauSa saMsthAma, pmpur| - apara prakAra: . mAra,.50,prakAsa varSApabamAlA,kAlI-1956 1-pAca prakAra - mAra pama.e.,prakAzaka va granthamAlA kaashii| 11. apArivAmi -100 ddaamech| -bahI, Amera gara, bbpur| vAva Ful

Page #166
135 lakSamadeva kRta nivivAha cariu, bAhubalI bariu tathA yazaH kIrti kA cadampa cari 1 tathA rayadhU kA koDa carita, sammati nAtha carita tathA 7vIM zatAnI kA bhagavatIvAsa kA gAe der varita tathA aura bhI aneka aprakAzita racanAeM jo lekhaka ko uttara apara ke sAhitya kI zodha karate samaya upalabdha huI hai, apabhraMtra kI praur3ha kAvyAtmakatA kI pratIka hai| vastutaH prabandha balA aura usake tatvoM ke AdhAra para ina apaDa kAvyoM kA bhAva aura kalApaka upekSA kI dRSTi se nahIM detA jaasktaa| kyoMki paravartI purAnI hindI ke sAre kAvyoM kA prasAda apabhraMza kI ina varjana paramparA, kAvyAtmakatA tathA vaividhya para hI nirbhara hai| astu apabhraMka prabandhoM meM jaina kaviyoM ne kyA nAyaka kisI tIrthakara ko athavA mahApuruSa ko hI cunA hai| ina prabandha kAvyoM meM se aneka kAvyoM kI rakhanA ke mUla meM sAhityika saMkalpa hai| kalA pakSa apa ke prabandha kAvyoM, tathA upadeza pradhAna anya sabhI kRtiyoM kA klApatha alaMkAra zabda cayana bhASA bAdi sabhI yoM meM puSTa hai| ye kavi kalA ke bacce pAravI hai| jaina kaviyoM ko kAvya granthoM seitanA adhikaprema bhara ki aneka ajaina kaviyoM ke granthoM ko bhI ina kaviyoM ne apane bhaMDAra meM surakSita rakhA hai| gaudha racanAeM, jala rahamAna kA saMdeza rAya, tathA bIjAdi rAsa grantha isa bAta ke upakaraNa hai| milA hai| kAvya SaDiyoM meM moTA bobAI pati ko sAtha bodhaka, Dika, DosA, iDalibar3iyA, rAma, kunDalI, vAdA, pampeTikA, mAtamAdi aura vana kI kAvya padmaviyoM ne hindI prati kiyA hai| isI prakAra syAnAvika bartakAroM, khuda cana kI prAvikA nAmakA yA vArasA kA ramana hai| isa prakAra evaM momInDa mayoM ne mauna mIra mor3A, ina bastu, pattA, rahA, rAjA aneka hai| yahI nahIM 1- *ft, yo ur!WI | SPAN

Page #167
136 afrSada, dohAko tathA brAhamaNoM taka ne apaaMDa meM kAvya racanA kI hai| ataH inakA kalA pakSa bhAva se nirbala nahIM hai| caMda kI cAraNa zailI meM likhe apabhraMza ke aMzoM se japaryaMta pApA kI kSamatA kA paricaya milatA hai| kAvya smaH AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya meM jisa prakAra kAya pati aura kAvya rUpoM meM vaividhya milatA hai ThIka usI prakAra apa meM bhI kAvya rUpoM kA vaividhya mila jAtA hai| varita, rAma, AkhyAna, barbarI, kahA, sandhi kAvya loka kathA kAvya Adi kAvya rUpa milate hai| apabhraMDa ke ina kA rUpoM kA mUla ina purAnI hindI ke kAvya rUpoM meM dRSTigocara hotA hai| yadyapi isameM se aneka kAvya rUpa apabhraMza meM nahIM milate parantu unameM se prakArAntara se unakA sambandha spaSTa ho jAtA hai| kAvya paddhatiyoM meM bhI apa kI ina vardhana paddhatiyoM kA varNana purAnI hindI kI racanAoM ke mUla meM hai| ruka kAvya, saMdhikAvya tathA varita kAvyoM meM se kAvya kama spaSTa dRSTa hai| pustaka kAvyoM meM gIti, strota svayama, dohA, salkAya Adi aneka kAvya rUpa mila jAte hai| isa taraha vaividhya mUlaka kAvya rUpa apabhraMza kI ima kRtiyoM meM dekhane ko milate hai| kAvya kyoMkA yaha vaiziSTya apaca kI apanI vizeSatA hai| purAnI hindI meM jo saikar3o prakAra ke kAvya sa milate hai unameM vaividhya prastuta karane kI premarA mada ke inhIM kAvyoM ne dI hai| laukika prabandha aura upadeva pradhAna rcnaaeN| meM kucha prabandha bhI mila jAte hai tu se yA meM bahuta kama hai| ina vana prabandhoM meM mAra kA prati kAvya zirAkaliyA jAtA hai|is kAvya meM kavi ne vinInAvikA ke udaya ke samasta darda ko hai jo virahamayI viraha ke kama meM nAmI dI hai| pUrA kAvya eka sundara laukika rfer kI dhar3oM kA hai| vijJApati kI kIrtilatA ko bhI isa prakAra kI racanAoM meM sthAnAMcA vA yA hai| imarajanAmoM ko rakha pradhAna Thoki parva kyA jA rahA hai| aise kAvyoM meM kavi kI aidriyA ki sthAnIya raMgoM kA sundara vijaya miLAlA. upadeza pradhAna pavanAthoM meM bAlika kavi me

Page #168
137 saMsAra kI nazvaratA mukti kA svarUpa, Atma darzana, Atma jJAna, karma vipAka, viSaya nivRtti aura kaivalya kA sundara varNana kiyA hai| aisI racanAoM meM yogIndra kA paramAtma prakAza aura punirAma siMha kRta mAkur3a doDA pramukha kRtiyAM hai| mAdhyAtmika upadezoM ke sAtha jaina kaviyoM ne Atma buddhi aura sadAcAra ko bhI pUrNa mahatva diyA hai| nIti aura sadAcAra se hI manuSya jitanA mAtmaniSTha sAdhaka janakara manovikAroM ko dUra kara sakatA hai utanA taya aura titikSA tathA bAhyADaMbara se nhiiN| aisI racanAva meM devasena kA sAvayavayamma dohA, jinadatta sUri kA kAla svarUpa kulaka aura upaveza rAma rAmra pramukha haiN| ina granthoM kA mukhya uddezya dharma vizleSaNa kyA pracAra kalA 1 upadeza pradhAna racanAoM meM dUsarA sthAna strota stavana sabandhI racanAoM kA AyA hai ke saMcigrantha, abhaya devasUrakRta miSana stotra tathA dharmadUri stuti dekhI hI racanAeM hai| jinadatta hari barbarI bhI prazasti gAna tathA stuti hai| apamaM meM racI kucha upadeza pradhAna racanAeM bauddhoM aura siddhoM kI bhI milatI hai| jinameM kevala bauddha dharma ke siddhAntoM kA pratipAdana hai| bauddhoM ne ina muktakara reeroM meM karmakAnDa kar3hivAdI dRSTikoNa kyA mAyArDavara kI khUba niMdA kI hai| inhIM mauke meM doThAkora, sIpada yA kazmIra darzana para liye kucha yoM ke bhI milate hai| jinameM kaI Tara pada meM viSaya vaividhya, mAryo kI jIvratA tathA abhiyaMtA kI banatA milatI hai| isa prakAra jaina donoM pradhAna kAvyoM meM upadeza pradhAna, dharma pradhAna, nIti tathA byAvAra pradhAna, bhAvanAeM DI adhika milatI hai| upatA ko sadAcArI banAne ke lie janatA kI dIpA meM kiye gaye ye mAna kaviyoM meM bAbA ko hI apnaayaa| kyoMki ans ae are oaa sAdhAraNa kI mauta cAha kI mAdA thii| jaina kaviyoM meM kitane bhI kAvya liye hai una sabhI meM dharma prANadhArA ke rUpa mevA hai| udAharaNArtha carita kAvyoM ko hI ke isameM sthAtmakatA premAsthAna loka gAthAe~ ho rahatI hI hai, kaviyoM meM unakI paraMparA, prema tathA ThokAnoM kI raMgIniyoM dvArA para banA DAlA hai

Page #169
138 unake mUla meM hai| preraNA ke rUpa meM yaha dharma ina racanAoM meM vikSyamAna hai|khiiN kahIM to yaha dharma racanAoM kI pRSTa bhUmi taka bana jAtA hai| karma vipAka, punarjanma Adi jaina darzana kI vividha dhArAgoM kA jana samAja meM pracAra karane ke lie jaina kaviyoM kAgoM meM aneka sthaloM para upadeSTA banavA dIra par3atA hai| upadeza aura jaina darzana ke ye tatvause kavi se pracAraka banA dete hai| DA. koNa ke anusAra racanA kA AdhAra niyoM ke karma vipAka kA siddhAnta pratIta hotA hai| isI ko siddha karane ke lie jaina kavi itihAsa ke nivRtti kI upekSA kara use svadhA se bola mor3a de / isI karma siddhAnta kI puSTi ke lie jaina kavi sthala sthala para punarjanmavAda kA sahArA letA hai|ap sAhitya kI racanA kI pRSTa bhUmi prAyaH dharma pracAra hai| jaima lekhaka prathama pracAraka hai phira kvi| yA kI bhArata satya para AdhArita hai, nahIM khA sakatA, kI yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki prabAraka hote hue pI jaina kaviya ne samA dhAna meM samAcAra kyA naitika michAnoM kI sthApanA kI hai, yA uma niSThAvoM ko kavi ne vividha sthAnoM aura kAvya ke AdhAra para DAlA hai| isa prakAra ina racanAoM ke mUla meM dharma prAvadhArA banakara AyA hai ki kAma hI nhiiN| inameM racanAkAroM kA sAhitya-jana-kapa mila pAtA para tabhI bAbaNa dApinI riyA sko| yo / ma kaviyoM kA AvaI va yA na kAmI pratinAyaka kA vidhAna bhI malinAgakavi me yA vimAna aura ghaTanAoM ko camatkAra banAne vAparA, maMcayA, boMgAdi kI praSTi kI jo gAvoM NITIautika suSTi hai| mahAbhArata aura purANoM kI vibhinma pra mANe viyoM ne apane maulika parivartana Trt, T ryo sthAna sambandhI prayAsa maulika jyA manilAma aura pArasa inTa riya bAle bhaneko pAnIko kaliyoM meM pAnI kI dRSTi ra mAgAsa upaka pArI bhaaiismy|

Page #170
139 apAyaka racanAmoM meM pradhAnataH tIna rasoM kA hI varNana milatA hai| (1) zAnta, (3) vIra aura gata rasa apabhraMza rakhanAoM kA sa rAja hai| zeyaroM meM kami ne yauvana meM *gAra, sudadha meM vIra tathA tyAga vairAgya aura sama meM nirveda Adi rasoM kI nipArita kI hai| ina racanAoM kI bhASA dhvanyAtmaka, mAcha, prIna, asala saraksa tathA bhAvanApUrNa hai| akArika aujanA bhI pUrNatayA vaizAmika hai| upamAna meM bhI kaviyA~ me paramparA aura kadi ko to thA loka jIvana meM pule ra upamAnoM,AvRti mUka sarasa anado tathA loka prabaliyAbaroM kA bhI prayoga kiyA / mata: aura kavi yadi eka ora dhArmika aura upadeza pradhAna hai to dUsarI tarapha ho ki jIvana ke pariSkAvita svAbhAvika anubhUtiyorabhI mudata hai| ata: apaja kI ye racanAeM pAya aura kalA donoM hI paloM meM utkRSTa hai| -

Page #171
HAIRS || hiMdI ke kAla kA laiTara kI ki) sagesesses******292822222222222222222ses ---

Page #172
/ hindI ke AdikAla kA jainevaralokika) . sAhitya / ___ AdikAlIna ravanAmoM meM laukika kAvya dRSTi se racI huI kRtiyAM bhI upalabdha hotI hai| jaina kaviyoM ivArA pranIta adyAvadhi givane kAma upalabdha hue hai unake kAvya sauSThava aura bhASA zilpa kA anumAna karane ke lie ina bemetara kaviyoM ke kAvyoM kA yahA eka saMkSipta paricaya diyA jA rahA hai| ina kAvyoM kI racanA ke mUla meM dharma pradhAna dRSTikoNa pASA upalabdha nahIM hogaa| ina racanAoM meM lagaSaga sabhI sundara prabandha hai| ina kRtiyoM kI viSaya vastu sugaThita hai| inakA pada-sAhitya bramTavya hai| alaMkAra tathA kI iSTi se bhI jainevara (laukika) kRtiyA~ tatkAlIna parSana pahadhatiyoM yA kAmya paramparAmoM paryApta vAsa rakhatI hai| prAyaH ye sabhI racanAeM prAcIna rAjasthAnI athavA banI gujarAtI kI rasamA prAcIna ana kI bhI milatI hai|yh pI sambhava hai ki ina nevara aura jaina kRtiyoM ne eka dUsare ko prabhAvita bhI kiyA ho| isalie saMviSaya hindI ke isa cainevara sAhitya kA paricaya prApta kara lenA Avazyaka hai| isa haukika satya kA adhyayana do khoM kiyA jA sakatA () kAlikAmA nIti kA jAne bAgamAra mAlindISTa kAyasI sabase mahatvapUrNa sthAna vanI bhavAnI bA Maman zivama ke paka bilAla kA hai| bAjhiAlIna na rama banI bAbIhI sakA pramukha va isI ..mambAmA samarima

Page #173
jilAba kI hai| isa vilAba kA ullekha AcArya DA0 hajArI prasAda dvivedI ' aura DA0 harivaMza kochar3a ne apane granthoM meM kiyA hai| DA0 harivaMza ko ne likhA hai "saMskRta aura prAkRta meM likhe gae aneka bilAle upalabdha hote haiM kintu apabhraMza meM likhA huA koI vilAsa abhI taka prakAza meM nahIM jA skaa| bambaI ke saMgrahAlaya meM dhArA se prApta eka apabhraMza jilA vidyamAna hai| - DA0 koTar3a kA vilAsa ke astitva sambandhI yaha kathana to sahI hai parantu unakA yaha kahanA mukti saMgata nahIM pratIta hotA ki yaha kilAle kA hai| DA0 koDa ko isa vilAsa kA pATha sammanavaH upalabdha nahIM ho sakA hogaa| isIlie unhoMne ise apaDa kA likha diyA hai| vAstava meM yaha jilAlekha purAnI hindI kA hai| AcArya hajArI prasAda divavedI ne bhI japena grantha meM isa zilAlekha ko apa kA likha diyA hai| vAstava meM samprati isa upalabdha pATha se kilA arrafthata bAtoM kA sahaja hI nirAkaraNa ho jAtA hai| sambandhI 141 lekhaka ko prastuta vilAsa priMsa Apha velsa myUjiyama, bambaI ke saMcAlaka DaTO motI kI kRpA prApta huaa| prastuta bilAla kA alaga alaga DA0 harivallabha matavANI tathA DA* mAvA prasAda guptA sampAdana kara rahe hai| lekhaka ko isake pATha ke meDa DA0 maratA prasAda mukta aura DA0 gAvAnI se prApta hue hai| unakA hai0ndrakA vicAra hai ki isakA kA varSa jisameM deza ke vibhinna prakAra kI oiN ne nAma liyA isakA lekhaka t: Roderavel hai yA yaha ki devI mAdA ke vibhinna meM liyA gayA aura isakA pATha samakAlIna prati devI mAkAmoM ke vibhina 1- hindI 23- nahI kI bhUmikA DA harivaMza ko kI kucha harI prasAda divavedI, pR0 22 san 1948 pR0 35 san 1956 //

Page #174
142 kaThina aura aspaSTa se bharA huA hai| DA0 motIcandra kA patra yA avik rUpa se uta kiyA jArahA hai|' DA0 motIcandra ko ukta sUcanA DA0 mAyAvI se prApta huI, paisA na lena se svaSTa hotA hai| ke DA0 mAyAvI ke anusAra bhI isa vilAsa meM vibhinna pradezoM kI bhASAoM hai| unakA mata hai ki myUjiyama ke jilA kI mAyA apekSAkRta arvAcIna aneka sthaloM para artha aspaSTa hai| bIca meM eka kone se dUsare kone taka hara pakti meM kucha ra TuTiya hai|' DA0 gopIndra tathA CTO bAbAjI ke ukta bhatoM meM pevA asaMgati pratIya hotI hai| vAstava meM ye lAle vibhinna prakAra kI dezI bhASAoM meM nahIM liyA gayA hai na ho kavi kA nAma hI svAvala hai| sAtha hI isameM kisI bhI aisI jaina yAtrA kA varNana nahIM hai, jisameM vibhinna prAdezika striyoM ne bhAga liyA ho saka ke zodha nirdezaka DA0 mAtA prasAda ne isa bila ke pATha kA sampAdana kara diyA hai| unhIM ke dvArA lekhaka ko isake pATha tathA mAyA ke adhyayana kA vAya prApta huA hai| 1 a - I am in receipt of your letter dated 28th A., 1968. The in vi ption in question, is really a difficult one and therefore, I de not wonder theat you have not been able to make out any thing of it. It deals with a Jadne Extra in which women from different parts of the country participated. It is remarkable that the poet who is perhaps, med se Roderaval use different forms of Desi-bhasha prevalent in those parts of the country for describing women folk, The difficulty of interpretation an Bhayand has informed me, is due to the feet that the text is full of cheere words and terme derived from the contemporary, Dentabhashan. Perhaps Dr. Bhayani may be able to mitighten you are on the this subjeet, 00/ Letter e of Wales Museum of Western lonbay 3rd September, 1958. bhAratI i hai|

Page #175
143 vAstava meM yaha zilAlekha dasavIM zatAbdI kA hai| isakA prApti sthAna sambhavataH dhAra kI sA hogA kyoMki isameM jitamA bhI varNana milatA haivA saba mAla kA hI hai| prastuta zilAlekha meM kavi kA kahIM bhI patA nahIM mltaa| isa zilAlekha kI nAyikA kA nAma rAuta hai|bhut sambhava hai ki DA. nAvApI kyA DA. motIkTa ne isa rAula mada ko rodrAvala par3a liyA ho| kyoMki rodrAvala aura rAuta babva meM paryApta sAmya hai| zilAlekha kI varSaya vastu zrRMgArika hai| isakI nAyikA rAuta navayauvanA hai tathA vivAda karake apane pati ke ghara jAtI hai| kavi ne vivAha meM pUrva aura pazcAt bhAiyopAnta usake aMgAra kA apUrva kAvyAtmaka kalAtmaka evaM camatkAra pUrNa varNana kiyA hai| mata :rAula kA mAnisa varSana hI pUre zilAlekha kI varSayavastu hai| bhAga zilAlekha pakSya meM tathA mA gaDya meM upalatha hotA hai| gadya meM upalabdha varNana se usake padaya ke va nya prAbhya kA anuzIlana kiyA jA sakatA hai| DA. mAvA prasAda gupta kA patA lekhaka mA kI puSTi meM una kiyA jA sakatA hai| DA. gumA kA isa zikAvI pApA ma. isakI pAna purAnI dI hai| unake vikI devI vibhAvAnoM, vipina anTamI kA mana nahIM hai| ma sarala, basa yA sAbamA / sasma kI isa nikA varSa malTa yA praamii|bo pIDA mAtA prasAda pucA aura garimAna bhAvAlI bonI biDadAna baba isa zilAlekha kA sampAdana pragatimI samaya meM aneka mAnyoM ko gAnA gA

Page #176
144 skegaa| DA. gupta zIghra hI isakA pATha, artha tathA TippaNiyAM prakAzita karane vAle hai| zilAlekha ke kone iTita aura paMDita ho gae hai| zilAlekha kA praticitra ( Eshampaqe ) bahuta paMDita hai tathA spaSTa nahIM jA pAyA hai| aneka paktiyAM truTita hai ataH pATha spaSTa tathA sArthaka nahIM bana pAtA phira pI prApta paMktiyoM ke AdhAra para kAbya aura gar3aba donoM aMDoM kI sampannatA, kalAtmakatA, arthoM kI prabhavimyatA, prekmIyatA tathA padalA hitya aura kAvyAtmaka sarasatA kI parIkSA kI jA sakatI hai| kalAtmaka gadava aura gadyakAvya para vicAra karane hue lekhaka ne gaiya kI kucha paktiyAM prastuta mana meM uca kI hai unase isa gadA kI sampannavA, bhAgya ke upamAna, maulika varNana tathA sundara citroM kA paricaya mila skegaa| kavi ne kAvya yA gajha meM varNana kI punarAvRtti kii| donoM kAma usI prakAra kA milA mulagA varSama hai| nAvikA rAsa mora, nAba, vAra, mAnamara mAdinI re varNana mA sthAnIya kAma kI iSTikA apamAna HthA mandina hai| varSamA prAmAvikA mApAna tarI vana kAgAra inTabAyA gabba prathAvimA viziSTa kAya ma kA eka ucarama ga ri vA rahA hai. pae kAno kAma baghA nA kara dekhA bAramaboro ) ,pAinau so patha ko na mohA mAla dIva, jo bAbada mobana bADa ginA, kAI karebara sohI baan| jAndAkina maranAka sAhityamA ramAra, vivaraNa -bAra prAkAmyAya-PET

Page #177
145 (artha:- isa pragara nAva hone ko kisI , zapi tU hamAre deza ko nahIM dekhatI hai| ai rAna, jo (dU aisI) ApUrva zeSita ho rahI hai, yahI vaha vyakti nahIM hai jo (kha) basA mohita na ho jAyanarI) bAroM meM jo alpa kAla diyA mA hai, jo vaha usakA mavarSa nahIM (at) kAnoM meM bAMkI raDima (karapatrikA) isa prakAra hI hai ki anyoM (anya aMgo) ko gemA ke lie kyA karmavya hai|) usa udharava se bhASA kI dharalabA,apaca kI kAra bAlA pravRtti tathA varSana kI prAsAdikatA vA nAti kI sampanmatA spaSTa hai|isii tarAI udharava die jA sakate hai| isa taraha zilAlesa 10vI tAdI kI bhAvikAlIba racanAoM kI sabase prAcIna sarasa evaMkAvyAtmaka pravAha se paripUrNa hai| gadya tathA padya - donoM moM meM isa zilA lekha kA mahatvapUrNa yoga hai| prastuta zilAlekha kA kavi avaina hai| isakA pUrA pATha prabhAvita ho jAne para sambhavataH vizvAna loga isake lekhaka ke sambandha meM anya mata prasava kara / yo baina paramparAga isameM pUrva nirvAha bhI nahIM milatA thA jaina kI ke varSana zilpa ke viziSTa tatvoM kA bhI ullekha nahIM kiyA jAtA / anumAna se yaha kahA jA sakatA ki jaina kavi aise samAna meM maNi varNana karate nahIM the gae kyoki gmakI varNana prati mAyA limoDI para kina pI rAma, cAya samAnoM na kaviyoM mAmAliyoM se pAra pImA yoga. mA prakAziyAna rakhA hai| vAyA pAnI parivAra se bImAra honA "maga kI zayA, parivAnI mAnauM jigara kI sADI pAnI pInA bAki viM , ya evaM mAmUlI kamara mAgavinA kAsya bhara kara sahaja nivAra diyA them. virazisa saviMdA mAmA mAma mAraThI kA mArAmArI mA kii|

Page #178
146 kavi ne racanA kA samaya aura vikya kA paricaya prArambhika paMkziyoM meM bar3I hI lUTa belI diyA hai| racanA kI kathA loka AdhyAna para AdhArita haiAramA prakAzita zrI mohana lAla balI baMda desAI ne bhI isa racanA vijya meM apane pradha meM carcA kI hai|' bhavatA (1) muni , vacha Isavara- bArita ab| bAvana vIra kyA rasa kIra, yaha pavA asAina kri| isa prakAraisakA racanA kAla 14 - ni ..:. 10 hai parantu cakra aura muni : * lene para isake racanA kI sambhAvanA * bhI ho sakatI hai| kavi ke ajaina hone kA prabhASa yahamilatA hai ki usame prArambha meM hI bhU aura zakti kI vaMdanA kI hai|vstu da meM yaha baMdanA demiyaH sakati babhUba sakati saMbhUba parata prme| vidha vidhavara vidhana ra ka kavitta mana dhaaviti| kAsamIra puSamaMDamI Isa gami sarasatI smipi| vAsa prasAdi beda vyAsa vAlmIka rapi isa pahana updesh| nAsa pramAbimA pani vIra kyA varaNa vyog|| / / bahakAvya cAra mahIne viSaya hai tathA 44. kar3iyoM meM likhA humA eka rakha pradhAna kAba hai| pUrA kAsya kavi ne ba sa liyA hai| aneka sthAnoM para kAma ra hAthIbhAvanA pIkavi me jhAkI zinI praSTi kI hai usameM vividha rAmoM meM nikaalii| siri rAma mAmikA sAkIkA birAmA pUrva vi pi mA pane popaTa pAhie pIvitA : rAmAri mAvi pUrava prema maka pAni dAbAnaka bagI baLI dAkima poSTa pInA yA ne naranAtha ni bama kI banI minaI pAnI sAtha --- popaTa) raviyo bI mola kA sInA mAna !

Page #179
147 kilakliti vana vicaratI velIvara vIsAsa sadhi dhAmI sAhasa kIu hU~ ekalI nirAma ... popaTa. mANi asAita bhava bhari babhari sAmANi kaMta haMsAulI dharatI ulI ui pri puSi pata ... popaTa. isI prakAra ke dUsare virara pada rAga ha dezAra aura rAgarADI ke iSTavya hai| kavi kI hA sarvatra vartamAna hai| varNana meM doM kA sAmya hai| isI prakAra kI racanA #. 1485 meM racita jaina kRti kI hIrAnaMda mUri viracita vijhyA vilAsa pAvAr3o hai jisase isakI varNana padayAtiyoM tathA anya vividha sAmyoM kI tulanA kI jAsakatI hai| vidyA vilAsa pavAr3o kA vastu zilpa bhI loka kyAnaka para AdhArita hai tathA usameM bhI aneka bAra kavi ne padoM meM apanI chApa chor3I hai| do ke varNana meM devI rAgo kA mahatva paryApta mAmaya spaSTa karatA haidoM meM dohA caupAIsAulI ke pramukha FE hai| kavi ne nAyaka haMsa aura dhIrodAtta ke guNoM kA prAyopAnta nivAra samaya seTha aura rAnI citralekhA haMsa ke darabAra meM Ate hai apane bar3e bhAI kA patA bAta karane ke lie haMsa ne Ane kA jo prayAsa kiyA thA usI ko kavi meM ke sarAboM prastuta liyA hai.. pumparvata kI mAra pa ti paravAra rAba kAma abako bAmaliyA ,bahArImA mAsAna pari bahana mana miliyA sI. pA viSayI kA nirmazrI, MP pInu ni dharmI bIsa viDigand bila pena mI, pApIya pAla vimAmA bhAga, mAlapAti pani bhAbhi ina himAnIko bahI paharasI bhApani tigi bArita myAgAriyA bAne, bIminAra mAne kAdhika sA gA karo.

Page #180
148 isa prakAra ukta uddharaNoM kIbhASA meM prAcIna rAjasthAnI athavA jUnI gujarAtI ke svasa divAI kI hai| pUrI racanA eka sundara loka prabandha hai| ata: loka paramparA aura kyA kI dRSTi se prastuta khanA vidayAvilAsa pavAr3o se pUrNa sAmba rakhatI hai| aitihAsika dRSTi se paka mahatvapUrNa jainavara kAvya zrIdhara vyA va raNamala chanda hai| bhUralA me visaM. 1455 meM jaba hamAre ca para mAkramaNa kiyA usI samaya kavi me isakAvya kI racanA kI thii| zrIdhara IDara ke adhipati rAba raNamalla ke rAyazrita kvi| ramAkAra zrIdhara me kAmya ke prArambha meMskRta ke mAyAva die hai, isase spaSTa hotA hai ki vA saMskRta kA bhI sakSama kavi thaa| ramamA sanda pUrA kAmya vIra rasa pradhAna hai| racanA aitihAsika tathA prAcIna paricamI rAjasthAnI meM ravI gaI hai| vizuddha vIra rasa kRti meM AyopAnta nimpanna hai| anya kisI bhI rasako kapi me niSpanna nahIM hone diyA, yaha usakI sabase bar3I vizeSatA hai| vIra rasa kA varNana ka ra bhI vikAsa kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA yaha hai usane kahIM pIrimA ko sthAnI diyaa| bArAkA pAragamya svamAyoti kA anUgA udAharaNa hai| ramA vinaya, svAsarAvoliyA, boM kI alamAralA uttara ma svarUpa kA bhAva yA prA spaSTa karatI hai| sthAna para vIra rasa mI svAliyana hanTamA maga apara mundara saTiva mAlavAri ra raMga girI girI, bolanimArakara fara pAyara nara rensa mAvi mara ra vipa gAvibhAga, Re Manm:

Page #181
bhUpanDali bhaDa kAdhamja bhaDohaDijavAlipiDasa bhiDanta ramAla raNakala ravi rogAma puSasattApi varaMta ullAlavi pAlabika malA lavadhi lobhilAva ghAmaTa pAri ghAr3a para dhasamami ghasamari igapaDanta kamadhana udayagiri panDama savitA malamala malala paData risa pani dhUma dharaI, pagaDAyaNi, paravari Daralata bhabdoM kI banuraNanAtmakatA, dhvanyAtmakatA evaM nAvAtmakatA aura aprAsa alaMkAra kI sundaratA dekhate hI banatI hai| jaina kRtiyoM meM sudha kA aisA romAcaka varSama zAlimA sUri viracita paratezvara bAhubalI rAsa dekhane ko milatA hai paltu usameM bhI kAvya kA pravAha itanA sabala aura saukyapUrva nahIM milatA jitamA ramapada meM upalabadha hotA haitiyokti kahIM dikhAI nahIM pdd'tii| yakSa bhUmi kA isamA svAbhAvika aura TApUrNa varNana AvikAlIna jaina apraina kAvyoM meM kahIM bhI milamA asambhava hai| mAda bana ke lie pArasI ke antargatavati nimnAsi udharaNa deziya:bama banAI umaTamakAra, Dakara Dhola DhotI caMgiyA paralI va barabAda hari barasa rapi sapareTi gayA yI go kAra dharamaraNa parA paravAnagana bAlI vimA utprekSAgoM kA madara varNana kI lIrAma pAnI piyA. FdhAra bAra bAra pI, paETanA parivAra pa ra nirupyamA abbAra bAra bAra parasApAnI mAra' WITR dara Aiki kAya borasa ma sAno manakArI nivA sAmavArI kAmako aura mAna pradhAna, lon

Page #182
150 fagu tathA anuraNanAtmaka zabda jayana kAvya kI kalAtmakatA ke jAga udAharaNa Yin 1 eferter vArasI pujaMgaprayAta Adi chandoM kA sakala nirvAha hai| racanA prakAzita hai| kA prabaMdha : prAcIna rAjasthAnI kA eka utkRSTa mahAkAvya kAnhar3a de pra hai| isake ravA kavi padmanAma hai| yaha racanA prAcIna rAjasthAnI bhASA kA eka mahAkAvya hai, jo adyAvadhi upalabdha racanAoM meM eka apavAda hai| kyoMki jaina racanAoM meM eka bI kRti mahAkAvya ke rUpa meM upalabdha nahIM hotii| bajaina racanAoM meM isa mahAkAvya ke kAraNa AdikAla kI samanatA aura bhI spaSTa ho jAtI hai| paMDita kavi padmanAma kA yaha kAvya prabandha eka vibudha aitihAsika kAvya hai| isameM varNita ghaTanAeM bahuta aMtroM meM itihAsa samarthita hai| prastuta prabandha kA nAyaka kAnhar3ade hai| svayaM kavi bhI kAnhar3a de ke nagara jAlaura kA rahane vAlA thaa| kavi kI isa racanA meM prerita karane vAlA bahujANa vIra rAjavaMza hI thA jo kAnhar3ade se kevala vIM pIr3hI meM usake rAjya siMhAsana kA zAyada antima uttarAdhikArI thaa| isakA nAma abarAja sonagarA thA / kavi ke athakAnusAra vaha bar3A dharmAtmA, badAbArI dAnazIla aura Izvara bhakta thaa| usake para kavi ne prakAza DAlA hai: ma rAja uttama avatAra, beDamA puzmana kAmai pAra ates kIti kA vi jJAta hotA hai ki kavi ke kula kA sambandha virAja barAne ke sAtha dAnukrama se balA jA rahA thA aura isIlie usane apane mAdhavadAtA rAjavaMza ke eka mahAna vIra kI kIrti kyA i u aura itanI pAgAI hai| bIla nagara nAgara, brAhamaNa mahAkavi padumanAma bhArata kA purAtana ko durga kA saccA saMrakSaka, udAtta, rASTrIya mArtha rAka thaa| usakI kavi pratibhA ne jisa vaha kavitA kA jana kiyA hai yAnyavAroM kaviyoM kI lAca kavitAoM se bhI umna nAva vAlI aura hai| kavikopA

Page #183
151 (1) mAibhAratI tamA pacAi, avarabaMdha idhi rasa thaai| (2) kanhaDacAriya jiko nara bhaNDa, eka ciTita jiko nrsunnh| tIratha phala bolya jaivaThU pAmai puzya seva teta / (35) kAnye prabandha ko pro. vI. vyAsa me sampAdita tathA prakAzita kiyA hai| pustaka mAlA ke vidvAna sampAdaka muni jina vijaya jI ne isa aitihAsika mahAgAvya ko prAcIna rAjasthAnI kI sarva zreSTha kRti kahA hai| muni jina vijaya jI kI kI isa ukti se prastuta kRti ke mAmA aura vikya sambandhI donoM padoM kI bahA spaSTa ho jAtI hai| hamane upara prArambha meM isa prabandha ko rAjasthAnI mahArAdhya kahA hai| usake pIle do artha lakSita hai eka to yaha hai ki isa kAvya meM eka rAjasthAnI bIra kI punIta gAthA gAI gaI hai aura dUsarA yaha ki prAcIna rAjasthAnI kI zreSTha kati hai ataH viSaya aura bhASA donoM dRSTi se yA kAvya rAjasthAnI hai| 5vIM vAdI ke pUrva rAjasthAna aura gujarAtI meM jo eka hI pASA moThI jAtI thI usI kA pratinidhitva yaha racanA karatI hai| prastuta kAnhade prabaMdha bhAga taka gujarAtI bhASA kI sarvamAnya evaM sarvazamana kRti mAnI jAtI rahI hai| parantu zrI munijinavijaya pI ne ise prAcIna rAjasthAnI bhASA kI ti sidadha kara 15vIM vAdI pUrva rAjasthAnI aura nI gujarAtI ga ma vica mitimA desiekA prabandha rAvasthAma purA nAma,Ne, prakAzaka rAjasthAna purAtatva mandira, jApura (rAvasyAkA / 1.(3) bAsvaviyogI bArA banAeM, jisa samaya mArga nirSiya,samaya rAjasthAnI auraNarAvI vA pApA va sabaka koI mAma nidhAra nahIM bAbA rAvasthAnI bAra gujarAtI ye nAma bhUgoM ke zAsana kAla pariNAma moparagasa imUla yuga meM mAhityika, skRvikagamAjika parAvatikavAdi sarva prakAra kI nRtama paristhitiyoM ke svAmikabarAra barAbasthAmanAma senAvidha aura prasthApita hone vAle pradezoM3mivAsinopati , sAhitya, aura bhASA itihAsakA avalokanauramapI milegameM bhinna pAvakecabikasimosA parabA boriyA kI paristhiti ma anivArya pariNAma (mahA prastubapravAcorAvasthAnIkA kAkAnA batAI usakA kAraNa pAkA bAmiko nAkAkAzAborAkhIvabhAga kiriyA simAnAre barAmI mAvi , gujarAtI

Page #184
152 dRSTi se bhI yaha racanA tatkAlIna upalabdha racanAoM meM pramANika siddha hotI 1 pUre kAvya meM hamAre hone vAle durdAnta yuddha kA varNana hai| kAnhar3ade aisA nAyaka thA jisane anupama Atmotsarga kiyaa| kAnhar3ade kI kIrti ko prakAza meM lAne vAlA usakA vaMzaja svarAja sonagarA thaa| ataH kAnhar3ade prabandha meM pUrva deza ke pAla rAjya madhyadeza ke gAiDavAla, dillI lAhaura ke somara, ajamera ke cauhAna, avaMtI ke paramAra aura devagiri ke yAdava Adi rAjavaMzoM ke zAsaka kucha hI dinoM meM kisa prakAra naSTa ho ge| hajAro varSo kI guganacuMbI aura bAla kaMda evaM devamandira aura pAtAla kaMpI rAja prasAda dharAzAyI ho ge| aise samaya meM rAjasthAna ke vIra vIrAMganAoM kAvya kahA gayA hai to usakA kAraNa hai ki jisa samaya yaha kAvya racanA gayA usa samaya Adhunika rAjasthAna aura bhASA viSayaka koI bAsa bhinnatA thI hI nahIM thor3I bahuta jo bhinnatA thI vaha kevala rAjakIya sImAoM ke sambandha kI dRSTi se thii| bAkI sAskRtika, sAmAjika evaM sAhityika iSTi se ina donoM pradezoM ke bIca koI sImA bheda nahIM thaa| ve paraspara eka rUpa the| cAlukyoM kI rAjadhAnI aNahilapura meM basane vAle loga jaisI bhASA bolate the prAya: aisI hI mAkA bADhamAnoM kI rAjadhAnI ajamera meM bahane vAle loga bolate the| cAhe unake sthAnika uccAra aura bAga vyavahAra meM kucha thor3I bahuta bhinnatA bhale hI rahatI ho, parantu unakI sAhityika bhASA Tofed bhASA eka sI bhii| bhasa isa aitihAsika vaya ko lakSya kara hama ise gujarAtI mahAkAvya bhI usane hI maMtra meM kaha sakate haiM jitane maMtra meM ise rAjasthAnI kahanA cAhate hai| kavi to svayaM ise prAkRta bandha kahatA hai jo usa tuma prAntIya deza mAnA ke kaviyoM kI eka sAmAnya kahi balI yA rahI thii|-maavaa ke kaviyoM me se nahIM karake ne isa loka bhAkA kala kare, prAcIna prAkRta aura tadbhava bhaya poSoM bhedoM ke jo kucha nAma nirdiSTa kie haiM unameM eka bAra apane bhI nAma milatA hai. isa dRSTi hai hama isa prabandha kI mAyA ko mIra bhI ho usameM koI gati nahIM dii| isa prakAra prastuta prabandha kI bhASA bhI prAcIna rAjasthAnI, athavA prAcIna marAThI bAbA to jara bAr3e jisa bhASA kI racanA kahI bAba yA pAnI bAva isameM bAda vivAda kA koI kAraNa kareM nahIM lagatA / vAstava meM yaha racanA samUce pazcimI bhArata kI mUla bhArata Arya bhASA kuru kI eka pratinidhi aura manAta vAkRti hai| deviSa kA prastAvika gamya pR0 4.5 vinivivayaH prakAzaka rAjasthAna purAta vamaMdira, jayapura

Page #185
153 ke garya kA sammA aura mamAntaka varNana isa kAvya meM milatA hai|vaastv meM isa mahAkAvya kI aitihAsikatA sarva siddha hai|' bhASA vijJAna kI iSTi se bhI prastuta racanA kA adhyayana paramAvazyaka hai|hindii pApA ke vikAsa meM aisI racanAoM kA bar3A yoga hai| bhAkA, kAvya-sauSThava, maigIta, prabandha, kalA, pada-lAlitya aura rasa sabhI imTiyoM se racanA mahatvapUrNa hai| pUrI kRti 4 khaMDoM meM vibhakta hai|rcnaa saukya kI dRSTi se isakA mahatva isalie aura adhika bar3ha jAvA / ki kavi ne dohA bApAI ke atirikta vividha rAgoM meM DhAlakara kAvya racanA kI hai tathA mAtha pavAr3A vIrSaka ke antata bIra kAvya kI sarcanA kI hai|yhii nahIM, eka viziSTa bAta yaha hai ki bhaDAuThIjIrSaka ke antargata kavi ne gadya meM varNana kiyA hai| kucha uddharaNa dekhie: hI kaha dhayUM cAru, gayami ma sUpA pAna rAThI bala muhAsai mAyA Dhama DhamIyA nIsAna bhAnyA suNI zibAlA rami rAutavaTa kIdhI bataDa mamA pahilA ghAu lam, anna pratanyA lIdhI mAmai bama barAsaM bILa, zivaDoM sanavi lAI abapati mA basAimA bAramA immA pAI gIna puraSa rahamAli yogI, gAI kAmA gata baDA rokimi peraNa mAtA bhArI mAga vivAra kI vimyAri bar3ha bolabIra bAbarA kara paraka banA bhUla karaNTImA mAri nayA no 150 the Kanbardada Prabandh modern,Rajasthanluteratures the that givua'an atearate second or to y may doubt that the poot has to worldchrontolesamnam Amasthent, sterones

Page #186
154 ukta uddharaNa meM videzI zabda tathA sindhI bhASA ke yU~, uDI, Adi zabda hRSTya hai| atyAcArI AkramaNa katA kI nRzaMsatA kA eka marmAntaka citra dekhie: eka jUjUA DAlara kIdhA vAi bAdhyAM Alai eka loka mAya bApa viloyA eka pAThIA gAlai karI vichoha mAM kIdhA savi nAri nai nAi bAlavRkSa TalavalatA dIThaM kaTaki uchalI dhAha eka maNai amhe jamami AgilaDa DIDayA kisyU~ AjU turakA pAsi pADIo daivi baharI dIgharaM pUrva kUDI sAtha kaI ahai dIdhI kaI baDhAvyAM Ala kaha jananI ucharaMgi raMgatA thAna vichohayA bAla gAitI kA gobara veDayAM kA sopyA AghATa kai matra jaI jaMgali mudha lIcI kA kihI pADI vATa ( 157-161) bAdazAha ke dala kA varNana kavi kI prabaMdhAtmakatA evaM AlaMkArikatA kA pratIka hai| varNana kA pravAha dekhie : gaye gaye ba dahi AvyAM baDI vAlyA suravIna bihI kAma dIi tihAi sAta kosa meDhA hAthI divyAri vAkrIyA ghaMTA paramAla we areat ers paTukA kuMnasthala suvisAla lastly the Kashadade as a work of art. It the partrayal of its the sentiments, The 1ively, sombre ar gay. Page 2. Introduction elain a high place of honour grand vits design, vigorous in and masterly in its treatment of attw, punctuated by descriptions filled with rate charm,make western Rajasthani literature Tyale

Page #187
155 zrAvaNa mAsi UnayA dIsaha jeDavA kAlA meha gayavara ThATha cAlatA dIsa jotI bhAva cheDa sAli hotra jehanI kasaMTI tehavA koDi kekANa gar3ha jAlahara bhI sAcarIu, sAva dalai suratANa (83-86) tears ne pranA ko tabAha karane ke lie kuoM meM gAyoM kA rakta DalavA diyA jisase hindU bAla vRddha nara nArI se marane lge| varmana kI kAruNya dhArA atyanta mArmika hai: thayuM prapAta tava turamI nAri, gaI sarovari pAnIhAri jAgas mA huhuM niravarga, dIDavANI lohI parNa gAi tI mastaka jali taraDa, kAThai koi na dAna karai pAnI mAhi doSa evaDau, pANI hAri bharai navi par3ata pAli mAnI jor3a loka, DaIDa AvaDa ati paNa moka pANI vizvatanau AdhAra, pANI saviha jIvADava hAra jeii moTA rAjA rAi te jala vina vina ma rahAha free se vimAsI karI tehI pUchI bairI rAmI maga vimAsata kiye amhe sabai jayahari pasisyU~ hIMdra tamai mAnI gAi, kohI jala mAhi ateesert AsthA TalI, ra pAnI nahIMpIya palI rAmI bAya vimAsI ghanI DiSyAtI * (1642 - 147) Sarafat after evaM ka kA kAvyAtmaka varNana kavi ke kAvya lAlitya kA paricAyaka hai| varmana kI citrAtmaka camatkArivA iSTa hai: * vimariyA maTakUla methamammA karavA, koDa ko eera canA vikA, dIvara motImA UparI tI bharnA bhakta dIsaha sonANA vArAtamA kiraNa mila kosIse vInA la gIta gAma vAlI pI ko kora kAnandavAna (10011)

Page #188
abdoM kI AvRtti se sampanna eka kAvyAtmaka dekhie, jinameM kavi ne lobha kA yathArtha citra prastuta kiyA hai: lobhai eka viTAlai Apa lopaDa eka karai paNa pApa lomA aika nara lopara dharma, lobhai karai pADUnA karma lobhai milI mAla mAghaDai lobhai eka nara vAhaNi bahai lobhai eka videzai, lobhai eka nara pAlA pulai lobhai eka dApavai aNAdhi, lobhai bUMdA bAlai hAthi lopai eka karai dAridra, lopar3a cora na Avai niMdra lopA kA ji piyAraha parai, lomaha kanyA vikraya karAi lomA jamalA vAsina basalopA eka beTAi sAuMsaha lobhai eka bAi anyAna lopar3a para UpADA bAna kopA dharmalopa Adara,lobha sagA saDodara para topai eka nara pADai vATa,mArai vipranagArI bhATa (18:186) rAgoM kI dRSTi se pIrajanA kA dezIya svarUpa spaSTa ho jAtA hai kavi ne sthAna sthAna para vividha rAga, pavA Adi nAmoM ke antaraMga mundara kAvya prastuta kiyA hai| rAgoM aura pabAha udharaNa de-liepavAha-bAsApurI mAsikA mApI abaki bAgI zAna Dola prasUma raMgara pA, pIra rAja kA paridhikA sAvarA mAna mi puNyA gaTo mAmAcI pavamI pArapI, paravarIyA TI (91-19) rAma nyAsI barSigIta meM kI gAiti vizeSa iSTavya hai jo pada kI geyatA yoga detI hai| isI barA rAma giri pille pada kI milavA mI. pada kI bhAti unI - rAma rAmamiti malA poja imara amISa baura ko svAmI jaya mAtA dIra

Page #189
157 dupd|| vilavai ke sastI kIjaya kaMkaNa aMga uchA nIri jima mAlI tima viraha dahai amha aMga / / vilavai be stii|| jiko baMdhana choDavai svAmI te pAtaka Dai puutthi| beda bacana ahe sAmatyA dU kAnhar3ade utthi|| vilabai be satI (A ) rAga yAsI,dhula moDavi miliya mahAsamI sI uDhaNi mavara gapATa ki jItara sahIya badhAmap e ||24|| hiyaDA harapa apAra ki, sabhI bolai mAla vIra ki| gItA sahIya badhAma 2 ||clii|| 24|| hAra nigoda bahiraSA, sabI ra raNapAkAra ki jItA sahIya badhAmadhUM / / 145 / / isI taraha rAga sidhaDau (pada 154-158) rAga aMdolA, dhanyAdhI (pada 151-57) rAga girI (pada 241-235 got.) bAdi prasiddha rAgoM kA prayoga huA hai| bahuta sambhava hai ki kavi meM apanI loka saMgIta taka pravRti kA bhI vikAsa kiyA ho| gAlI rAma kA eka udAharaNa desipa: gai labaDI saye sADI, meDI sIna rA nihaayii| Tome bAbIba, mAI rogAvIya jAtAra paramA bacAvIra aMbarI gohAnI paravAhamAlI bhAga mA pokAnI / bhAnA, bI vAlA vIra mara jyoM pammAna bhAvanA 5 vahI ratmIyAma maravAna vIralA bhAbhi nirimAmaya (1)

Page #190
kavi racanA kI phalati ke sAtha usakI samApti isa prakAra karatA hai: je phala I tapa kIcai sadA, jephala hui ni narabadA je phala satya vacana pramANa, je kala huI zAmalIDa purANa je phala pAmA tapasI save, je phala bAda chor3aye, je phala pAi kIcar3a yAgi, ye kA preTayAM huI priyAgi ne phala pAma gaMgA vAri, ve phala i meTi dAri ke phala huI vidyA udarI je phala bheTayA godAvarI ve phala nArAyaNa dITha netri, je I dAni kuruSetri ye phala pAisAhasi sadI meM phala nAsA gomatI je phala kA vArikA mAniye kala meTayAM ina pramAmi ke kalAi mugati purI sAti rAmanAma ubarai prabhAta kAnhar3a cariya ji no nara magaha,eka vihita ji ko bhara subaha tIratha phala bolyaM ye tardU pAmA prazya save vetanuM (art-151 400) isa prakAra pUrA kAvya bAra baDoM meM rakhakara ramanAkAra padabhamA ne kAnAide ke paritra ko dhIrodAta nAva meM amUnapUrva samakatA se UMcA uThAyA hai| pratyeka varga pArI kavi varga kI thA kI ora sa kara detA hai| rakSA meM barabI, kArakhI vA pIDabboM kA yA prayoga milA hai| vastuta purAnI rAvasthAnI athavA manI barAmI lina riyoM kA pracAra mimiga vimAna bAkIba bana ramAyo pi vaiziSTya spaSTa hogaa| 15 bhAdI kI garamAnoM ko mahatvaparSa kamena ramA mAtra kavi kA vana-vikAsa- ma samA pro. jyAsa ne bampAdita karake prakAzita kara dI ME ranAoM meM bhArata kA pi, pavana vargava, yA ba vidhAna sera -

Page #191
199 atijana bamada anavare basaMta vihAM paradhAna taruvara bAsa niketana kecana vita saMtAna bani viraca zrI madana caMdana baMdakara mITha ravi amaI prIti si sohara mohara vidhuvana cIta (n-te) koili mAbulA DAli mAlita karai minAi kAmata kari Aisi bAra pADapa sADa dhamana thiya na payohara moDa rakA mA mAri mAna ra kisyA kAraNa nAma dIha vicyAri nAhu nihI chima gAmaTi sAmaTi mAI mAni bhae mahAmaDama sahI sahIDa bai e vANi ina pari koiliyaDa pUrA ati manora vidhura viyoginI dhUyA !...yakyiora (25-2) bAbA bhAri lAgIya gAgIya madhukara mAla sakA mAra ki virapiyavA dhupavarAta ApakI bali bAkI bAMsI panI bAga miravinImA gAyi gAyikA mAgi vIra mAmA para miviyA sipI (n-10 ProdgAra prayAsapUrva varSanIlAma iSTiA paricaya milatA / virAmI nAyikA sImAmAko kAmanA,vAkha ke usakI bAzI aura kamizAra kA prayAsapUrNa mAlakArika varSana dekhie| go govAmI rAr3I kimAna pAra moti mo " mI kAhI bAkI vinA bADa vAdhirAja

Page #192
160 viras a fafe bhAgalA kAlA kulata paiki jAyasa nA guNa haiM varapara bApa tyajIya vidveSi dhana dhanavAna sudhara saravade bhojana kara karavalA lAi laDe sukpUravI vAsare bavilI vasta ates are for en pAvaDIu baiM kuna vivAri saMbhAvIya bhavimAdI vA rasiyara jina priya miravIya hariciya diI pariraMga are sabhI jaina kA racanAoM kI taraha hI hai, parantu bhI varNana paramparAoM kI dRSTi se isameM jaima krama spaSTa parilabita nahIM hotA / 1 foresty oka kRti hai jisameM kavi ne mata ke mAdaka ustA basaMta kI kI madhura padacApa kAma kA madhumaya bhAgamana, amarAiyoM kA ullAsa, upamAnoM kI zrI sUkSmA, kAnana kI utthAna aMgaThAiyAM aura sumAyudha ke sammelana zastra ke vividha prayogoM kA varNana kiyA hai| jinake kavi kI vANI viSkita aura gAraparicaya milatA hai|gaar kA itanA adhika uttAna varNana tatkAlIna baiga kaviyoM meM nahIM milA kyoMki gAravA fare kA vAra kara usakA ravitA koI kavi nahIM hai| pUrI racanA kA meM kiDI gaI hai| racanAkAra meM racanA kA prArambha sarasvatI kI nAka hai: food acts ravi lieM bI para kara vApi dAhine bAjU (1) alaMkAra pUrI kRti gaka pradhAna yUjara kI meM diI gaI hai| bhASA sarala, sarasa, bar3A komalakAnta hai / kavi ne hai| vimAnasUna pAvoM kI dRSTi kI hai| pUre kAvya meM darda kA eka meM vibhita kiyA gayA hai| kAma

Page #193
151 ke patiyoM kA pravAsa aMgoM kI kar3akana dhar3akana aura parezAnI, zakuna varNana, vAyasa " se neha aura isa para vartatrI kA Agamana, riturAja ke sAthI mAra aura usakA sammohana koyala kI kUka, Ana maMjariyoM kA baurAnA nAyikAoM kI viraha tathA pIr3Ajanya sthiti Adi lagabhaga sabhI citra prastuta kAvya kI anuprAsabaddha zailI kA anUThA svarUpa prastuta karate hai| varNana kI AlaMkArikatA aura spRhaNIya zailI atyanta prabhAvapUrNa hai| kavi kA eka eka zabda atyanta sArthaka tathA geya hai| ajaina kRtiyoM kA adhyana karane para yaha saralatA se jAnA jA sakatA hai ki jaina kRtiyoM kI tulanA meM kAvyAtmakatA aura anya zilpa janya vizeSatAoM meM ve kisI bhI prakAra kama nahIM hai| kadAcita adhika hI hai| kAvyAtmaka uddharaNa dekhie: kAmuka janamata jIvana tIvana nagara suraMga rAja kara avagahi raMgiti rAu anu zI ramaI pani harisIya parikSIya nija paravAri ates se gaNagamaNIya namaNIya kucha bharI pAri (45051) sAtha hI basa kA apane mitra kAmadeva ke sAtha saja dhaja kara Agamana, aura aise samaya meM nAriyoM ke maMgoM se ur3atI huI jIvana kI mAdakagaMdha se prAmoM kA vyAkula ho jamA, kavi ko pevI nAriyoM ke vita varNana prata karane ko bAdhya kara detA hai| kavi ne vividha upamAnoM ke eka se eka prastuta kie hai|kii kokAnta padAvalI, rakhAtmakatA aura kucha pramAda rathavara maga car3hA hai| kucha fat fast : kara DII kuvi muni sArA ki suramani ki kuMDa gaMDaka i ans for geet tumahIya balu DA bAma ki nayana re bApha hara va boDIya goDIyamA pari jAka raMga bare karA

Page #194
162 tila moSama nA re lAkare lIgai bhUti kisalaya komala pAmire pANi re bola maMjIThi bAhulatA ati komala kamala bhUmAla samAna jIpai udari paMcAnana bAmana nahIM upabhAnu kuvi amIya lApani pAni taNIya anaMga nIU rApaNa kihA ki dhavala bhujaMga nAmipi kaI na payoSI yodhara pura samAmi kaMcuka tyA salAhure nAhu mahAmu mAmi mAmi gaMbhIra sarobara umari bhivati taraMga apana sameta pIvara vIkara bahiriNi baMga miyama paNa vidhi ko bar3I bApar3I upama na jAi kari kaimpa para meyara ra mADI mAI (60-68) janAvambacAI isa prakAra ina kAvyAtmaka vanoM ke AdhAra para prastuta kAvya kI amimA isa kA anumAna lagAyA jAsakatA hai| vasaMsa bilAsa phAgu madhumAsa kA geya evaM unkAra pradhAna mAnI jisameM kavi ne vI ke madhura evaM moDaka kAvyAtmaka citra prastuta kie hai| ma na kaviyoM meM bama vikAsa kA mahala kAvya kI draSTi se Ameza hai| baDA kI zArIri rAnI dIkA bAsyAna ke upalaka hone vAlI en : sirAkAra pIpA pAne kI ka kavi kA janma sthAna, AdivAsI gaNanA kI vyAdhi kA upacAra kavi ne purAnI sambhava hai ki bA gujarAtI hogA athavA rAbatAnA mAnoM ivArA bhI mAnA TO bAbA kavi bhAnI hogI vikAtt sabasa, N amta- limA nIloka

Page #195
163 hai ataH vaha caiva rahA hogaa| kavi ne cAra sthala kA ullekha bhI kiyA hai jo pATaNa kA hai, ataH sambhava hai vaha pATaNa kA nivAsI rahA ho| sadayavatsa carita eka AdikAlIna sundara ajaina prabandha hai jisameM kavi ne vIra vathA adbhuta rasa ko hI pramukha sthAna diyA hai| zrRMgAra usameM gauma rUpa meM haiN| yo sAmAnyataH do kavi ne nava rasoM ke varNana kA kRti meM ullekha kiyA hai: siMgAra hAsa karunA ido vIro dhyAna vImattho adbhuta va navai rasi pi hRdayavacchassa 11401 kavi bhIma ne racanA meM vividha rAgoM kI devI DhAloM ke prayoga ke sAtha baMda vaividhya prastuta kiyA hai tathA vibhinna dohoM, pavRdha chappaya vastu, kuMDaliyA~ mauktidAna Adi mAtrAvRttI meM kula 603 kar3iyoM meM kAvya pUrA kiyA hai| chaMdoM kA yaha vaividhya racanA kI kAvya zailI aura varNana kI prAsAdikatA spaSTa karatA hai| kucha udAharaNa bhASA zailI loka AsthAna mUlaka bastu tathA chaMdoM ke vaividhya ke lie pAvara aura bAlU pada ke dekhe jA sakate haiN| (1) (2) cAmara kati baMdiNA ani kaka maMgalikka mAyU~ vicita niTita patra pAuAraMga varavaM baDI iraMgI baMdaMDa baiga bAra vaMrI rase ti vAlavati nAri vyAdi bhAvaraMci vidhe ma bAna varati biraha pa bAjA rAma se erika rAja pAvala pAra na pAnI pa bAbA mahInA ra bhIbAra pAra hava dIvara navarA (17-18) rAma vAsI (3) mAma maravara tarala raMga grAmapati par3hanApi paThAna parvaga jIvA marAThA

Page #196
164 cAmara kaiti vi je juDaMti te turaMga ANaya je suddha vitta sAhitya vAmita pAyA lahaMti phIkI mayaDa homadIu AsaNo pada cAla cihna disi bAmara Dhala e siravari e soi chAtra vipra vaiuni uccaras pa bAbA jagali e nAnAvidha pAtra bahu baMdiSa kalarava karai e cAbhara kariti sArasI gaIda Di Di ra there are creatu chUja tAba aMbara ucitta vA divi rAja begi sAba raha karo prema sudayavacchavIra patta toraNaDa varo bAbara pada cAla... gaya gAmiva guNa vinnavada e AbhAva mudI pa karai siNagAra hAra pakAuti uri vaha Aja ke samaya kumAra adi nAradavaro (330) naridaM Ida moDatoya ri adi vika mAnini manamo (94-96) verted pAya mA te suvIrakama (1) mana (99) 1- dekhie varSa 15 30 130-115/ (201) 1 kavi ne kArI varNana kiyA hai| sabahiMgA ke varIra ke vividha upamAna usake kArya kAryoM dvArA usakI hogA divaguti kara dete haiN|

Page #197
165 kavi ne usake navaziva sandha meM ulakara pAraMparika upamAoM ke sAtha AlaMkArika bailI meM maulikatA upasthita kI hai| varNana kI sajIvatA dekhie: (padadhar3I) gaya gamaNi ramani turagaya garmati, *Da ani lagabhaga na namati paya paMkya lakati ciraMDita, pati pakti cittathari caDavarDa di jaba jaMca Duala varavaMma kSetra, pithala ki urathala kariNa kuMbha kara pallava nava vAyA azoka, yaunabanna sArIra roka 1148 || mukha kamala amala aftsra saritya, nilavaTi tilaya tADIkamancha kuMDala ki kina pAyAra mAra, koTIsa nikara parigara apAra / / 49 / / tilakulla nAma saMjutta matta, hi dADima deta aharA ragatta aMjana saha vajana sarisa mitta, sImaMta kuMTha kiri bhayarakti / huDa bhagaDa kAmakodaMDa paMDa, kaTi divaM pralaMbita mI haridvArasAraNI samAna, samamaMDala avara na upamAna // 1 // isa prakAra kaTvA meM kavi ne sAmaliMgA ke zarIra kA sundara citra DIvA 1 isake atirita aura bhI kaI kAvyAtmaka varNana kavi ne bar3e hI saMbhAra ke sAtha saMvA hai| varNana kAvyapUrNa sarakAra hai, varNana kI bAtkAritA deviSa: gA~va kaTara vaha mADa, pAna mAM kA kAvyA ra, naimati mAthi koI nagara | 12411 kIvI gapUra, vAsvI ke bAbyA pUra | |36|| bIDI pAridina pari pIMDI ka * loyA kohinA bunAra, mAThA Dhoka na bAbai bAra 112014 ki kola, kiri mAni povADAcyA pArira kirivATI panI / // 38 // - pie 10-11

Page #198
eki aTAti mAli gaDi baDayA iki mAri sAdisi daDavaDayo iki sAvaMDA DaNDoka. mI kimayA rupA loka / / 39 / / isa prakAra bhIma dvArA viravita isa loka syAtmaka premAsthAna kI sarasatA aura sampannatA ukta uddharaNoM dvArA spaSTa ho jAtI hai| apraina kRtiyoM meM isa prakAra kI loka bhAbhyAma bhUlaka racanAoM kA mahatva anubhava kiyA jA sakatA hai| pUrI racanA prAcIna rAjasthAnI vA jUnI gujarAtI kI sundara kRti hai| -haricaMda purANa - ( 45) harida purAma kI prati abhaya jaina pradhAlaya meM surakSita hai| prastuta rakhanA braja bhAmA kI hai| nAgarI pracAriNI sabhA kI bora riporTa meM isa kRti kI sUcanA prakAzita huI thI bandha kI prati bidvArA pracAriNI sabhA gapura meM thI, para vA paMDAra naSTa praSTa ho gayA aura isakI pratiyAM zrI nAhaDhANI meM idhara udhara mikatI huI khriidii| mAhaTA jI ne saMgraha kI prati kA prAkAra prakAra tathA usakI ba-saMkhyA pUrNataH vahI hai jo vidyA pracAriNI sabhA kI ukta prati kI mAgarI pracAriNI sapI kI boja riporTa meM batAI gaI, aba nATA jI kIprati bhI saMpavAyA vahI hai| ki ravitA nAmamikAra thA. fuTE me pIsa zikavisamma prati nirAdhArI kAmale nirAkaraNa kara bi . sI vivAliba sArA kA nAmAra bArAbAra yA dovA maga.. 1. apayazAlA nIkAnera , pra tizata -bova risorTa na .nn 1. devikA aura usakA bAhitya-pA-zviprA frut prakAnbiI bAra mAvAsabArANasI 1

Page #199
ApalI surija baMsa rAja sapabilta, dhana haricanda na melDo citta aSI bhAva dhari jADU ko, nAsai pApa na pIDI rhe||8|| kavi ne vastu chanda meM bar3e sundara pada likhe hai| haricaMda purANa meM harizcandrajyA aura rohitAzva kI kyA hairamAkAra jAne rohitAzva aura vyA kA viyoga, rohitAzva kI mRtyu para vyA kA kama madana racanAkAra kI vApI vichitti ke sundara udharaNa hai| racanA kI bhASA sarala, sarasa aura lokapriya hai| (1) abadhi na cUkai jAi parApa, phATe DiyA parIyo thAna rohivAsa mana jhare dhaNe, bhAgo lAma cha tohi namo pari vADI nIrAlo karai,taba saba bAlaka ho Age saraha kalIyala koyala karai ati dhaNe, bIrana melhe bhAI ta / mArayo thApa par3ayo puramAi, par3atA bhAbhalyo bApa mAya aNu prAika parayo pativAra, jApe kandra milyo jimi rAja putra ke viyoga meM vyA kI vyAkulatA barama para pahuMca jAtI hai aura vaha kAmayAba vilApa karatI hai| eka citra dekhie: mana nIra para mAra avaya bAla kara garama IkA bAsa ko eka bara bosI bimAra basyopacAra bAla sAki mi vikAsa vipAri isa prakAra haiyA kA ba yA yA vivAhapUrNa AlaMkArika yA vara abhyAsa mI yAmAjili: mile sAra, riyo ra pukAra DATA pIra, purAnA gauve nIra gopaDiyo bImAra, nI mAga bhayo sAra - -

Page #200
168 pari uchaMga muma cUmAveya, are vaccha kima dhAna na peya dIpa kari dIne adhiyAra banda vihaNi niti ghora aMdhAra bina gau jimi kAraDI Ahi, rohitAsa viNu jIvokAhi tehi viNu mojaNu pAlaTa bhayo, sohi viNu jIvataha bhArata gayau vohi viNu maiM dudha dIDa apAra, rohitAsa lAyo akavAra toDivi nayana lai ko nIra, tohi viNu sAsa jyoM muke sarIra tohi viNu bAta na zravaNa sumera tohi viNu jIra payAnedeDa " isa prakAra yaha kRti brajamAvA kI jana bolI kI sundara ratA hai| tathA isameM saMkrAtikAlIna rUma ke parva saMdhi kAla meM likhe kAvya kI sarasa jana bhAvA kA pratIka kAvya jAmavihAra kA haricaMda purANa hai| : rukmaNI maMgala: kavi viSNu dAsa kI timI ajamAvAmeM aisI hI eka sundara kati pI maMgala hai| racanA saM0 1492 likhI gaI hai| viSNudAsa ne apane kAvya ko kRSNa ke raMga meM DUsakara pUrA kiyA hai| viSNudAsa kI isa kRti kA vivaraNa mI nAgarI pracAriNI sabhA kI boja ripo meM hai| svargArohaNa, mahAbhArata kyA svargArohaNa parva bhI inhIM kI racanA hai| nimnaliDiGa sumdara pada kavi ke kalA va kA jAgarUka udAharaNa hai: 1 moDama mahalana karata vilAsa kamaka maMdira meM kaiti karatA hai aura kora na pAva birAne papU 1- boba riporTa ko mAra pAnI iri pati devaki bADha bobo tuma bina aura na koka mero cariva mahA akA fe dina nirana karata vihAro kA pUrana parakAsa 19400051/ riporTa 1953

Page #201
ghaTa ghaTa vyApaka aMtaraNAmI nibhuvana svAmI saba mukharAma vinadAsa mana banAI mamma janama kI daas|' mahAbhArata kyA meM se kavi kA eka mAsti malaka mundhara udharama kavi kI kAvyAtmaka masA kA paricAyaka hai| anuprAsa kI chaTA bhI draSTavya hai|kvi kI anubhUti evaM abhivyakti donoM pUrNatayA sabala hai| DUbe huma gaMbhIra cintana ke pariNAma svarUpa nimnAvita uddharaNa ko dekhA jA sakatA hai: vina rAI paDhAye pADe, vinase behe jvArI DADe vinase nIca ne upajAru, vina sUta purAne DAu bimase mAMgoM para julA, vinI jUka hoba bina sAce binI rogI kupaca jo karaI, vinase ghara hote ranatharamI bina rAjA maMtra jahIna, binasa mA klA bina hI vinI maMdira rAvara pAyo, bino kApa parAi mAsA vinase vidyA kudhiSi par3hAI, bina sundara para para pAI minI yati gati kIne vyAD dinI mati lobhI mA nADU lipIne kumAra, vinI maMdI para paTAra pina bona Dora mArga, dilI va ne mAne dila ziriyA pariSaramAsI, ni ni ' isa prakAra va pANI isa rasamA isArA biprAdezika vimAgAyoM kI yAni yinI roSa mA pArI vAmadhyahI samAyoroSa paramAvazka hai| hA bArAdogA.' zAdI kA eka prAcIna aura pApA kAvya hotA mArA mohA. - 1.reparya asAvA aura sAhitya .. / la-gekA pArarAga-kAmAvarImAlImAgI.. New

Page #202
upalabdha hotA hai| prastuta racanA eka sundara prema kAvya hai| TolA aura bhAru saMsAra prasiddha premI se hai| ata: unake jIvana para likhe gae ye doo unake zAsvata prema kI kahAnI prastuta karate hai| prastuta grantha prAcIna rAjasthAnI kA eka premAsyAma gIta hai isakI nAgarI pracAriNI mI kArI ne saM0 1995 meM prakAmita kiyA thaa| ata: isakA puNyavasthita pATha sarva mulabha hai| lA bhA rA dohA eka lokagIta ( Balad hai| isakI paramparA anuva tibaddha rahI hai yA kAvya atyadhika loka pracalita rahA hai jo dharatI kI goda meM hI bar3hatA, banatA, vigar3hatA aura latA phUlatA rhaa| isakA yaha mA ki isameM aneka parivartana aura parivaIca ho ge| naye dUhe aura maI ghaTanAeM samaya samaya para agalI gaI aura purAne dohe aura purAnI ghaTanAeM kamI kamI hapta bhI hotI gii| Arambha meM yaha kisI eka lekhaka kI sambhavataH DolI gAlabA DAThI bhAdi kisI jAti kI racanA rahI ho para isake vartamAna rUpa meM nirmAtA to koI thA kavi na hokara manasta jamatA hI hai| bhArambha meM yA kRti vA sanda meM sipI gii| prastukha racanA eka sundara gIti muktaka hai, jisameM hotA aura mAha kI prema thA varNita hai| prema ke pAnI dina jaba nAve / bavA gamita ke saba mivoM ko hor3akara bAte hai| usameM gAvi pAni, punya sundara malA irA, vAdi nahIM divAIyA ko bala apane prAya kI pelI kAmanA kara kI sambhavataH usakI nigA miravarI naukAmA bAhira baay| vAlinI kI na baraMgoM kI bArobara bolaa| nIlama kA bAka ra bIDa aura ravana DolA kI basapA kI paripauvA dii| vIvo kAma gehA mAtA pitAoM ne usakA vivAha mAla kI mAmI diyaa| para smaraNa dilAe jAne para uso sakatA hai| vaha paravana ke pAsa roja rAta ko jAtA thaa| mAgeko bIba umarA bhUmarA mAraka paradAroM kI se donoM prayI gaaregaa| bIkAndhI /

Page #203
171 kAvya kI kthA kA mUla AdhAra aitihAsika hai| bhUgala, maravara, mAlava Adi sarva prasiddha sthAna hai| lA svAhA rAjapUta thaa| mAravANI kA vivAha TolA ke sAtha huA thA isakA ullekha aitihAsika andho parva loka kathAoM meM yatra tatra mila jAtA hai| bAhoM kI khyAtoM meM ye barSana vistAra se milate hai| prastuta kAvya kI kyA meM aneka praveSa milate haiN| kisI meM pUrA mAmya gAhA, dUhA aura dhArA chandoM meM liyA gayA hai|prstut kRti kula 7r chandoM meM pUrI huI hai para vidvAna sampAdakoM ne isake pariziSTa meM vibhinna pratiyoM meM prApta lagabhaga sabhI pATha ve vie hai| jahI taka racanA kI prabandha kalpanA aura varNana pIrya kA prazna hai DolA bhAU rA dohA eka utkRSTa ramA hai| kavi ko mArmika sthaloM kI pahicAna na thI ritu varNama, karahAvarNana evaM premavarSana, ko hI parasa bana par3elA mA viyoga zrRMgAra kI tulanA bAvaDI kI nAgamatI virA varmana kI mAvi sarasa hai| papIsa ... *pI kahA, pI hA kI pukAra, bijaliyoM kApremI pana se bhilla, mAlavaNI kA mAboM kI isa ganA, Adi sabakA svAmA vika varNana hai| pI kahI ke kAla utpanna bedanA kA varNana dekhie: bAvaDiyA mA virahiNI DAvA eka bahAva yahI parakhaDapaNa yA mImA vAma pahanAvA kI nAgamatI kI yaha pazi mA sthAna ho paatii| piya viyoga basa bAra bImANi mi yo vi vitiyoM kA gAno bhAgina gAnoM pAnI ko jArI ho. pIliyA baLAvAni mAmA mAgavi . kabare kI dhanyamA bhUgomil bIvatiyAM pAyA ki mAmA bhyAri samitI bannA, bAgI mAra pasAdiion bAra pAnI rogoM aura pAro kAna sunakara ina misinopa mAtIla svara prArthanA bIyakA prabAra, nara

Page #204
saudarya, prAsAdikatA tathA abhivyajanA kI utkRSTatA savAra sundara hai: (+) kaMkar3iyAM kalarava kiyA pari pAhile baje hi (2) 172 (3) (4) rAti sati iSi vAla maI kAija kuralI piM ubai sari hUM dhari Apaes bina melI aMti bijjuliyAM mIlaviyA, jalahara tUhI lajji sUnI seja, videza priya, pacaras madhuras majji (50) kuMkA dhya nai bar3I, dhokA minau videsi sAyara laMdhI prI milA, mI miti parI dekhi (62) uttara diti uparAThiyA~ dakSiNa sAMgaDiyAM kuramA, eka saMdesara DholA nai kahiyAMha (64) kurajI ke sAtha saMdeza pejane ko utsuka maravaNI aneka prakAra se vyathita hotI hai jise kavi ne bar3e saMvAra ke sAtha saMjoyA hai| gAravamI ke eka niSTha sAtvika prema kI vyaMjanA dekhiye: sUTI sAjana samaraMyA draha mariyA nayanaiDi kuMkar3iyAM kalayala kiyA, saravara pahalai tIra nisamari sajjana satkriyA, nayane vRhA nIra jima sAhU saravaDI, jina gharI ghara neha rIvA. sauratas its (48-49) iDI meM hama miyama pariva DikTa bhItara bAda, mAvaI jAma meM jIna / 1175 || I hUM balihArI sajanA sajana mo mavihAra I ma bAkI saba no maladvAra | 176 / / kavi kA devI huI pArI kA kavi meM dohoM meM Ta hai hI hADiyoM ko vidAI kiyA hai: tIsarA va bIra kAvA divi para phaTa nahIM

Page #205
173 bharA palaTTA mI paraDa, bhI bhari bhI palTera bADhI hAtha saMdesahA paNa vilalaMtI dehi maravaNa kI mAti mAlavaNI kA viraha varNama bhI kavi ne bar3I bamatA se kiyA hai| vI kAla ke sAre dRzya mAlavI kI kumArI ke lie asahava hai:. phoba ghaTA khaga dAmanI bUMda lagai sahayama pAvasa piu viNa vallahA kahi jIvIja kaina / / 255 / / kAlI kaMThati vAdaLI varaciva mehA vAra prI viSa lAgai bar3I bAmi kaTArI pAu / / 7 / giga kati bA bAvala paraha, nadiyA nIra pravAha siSa kati mAhida ballahA mo kima rayaNa biDAya / / 15 / / mI morA maMDaba karai manmatha agi ma mAi I ekar3I kima raI, meDa padhArau mA II jAyasI ne nAgamanI ke birA kA sAmya pI isase kiyA jA sakatA hai| varSama eka rupamA dekhie: kA bIga carka gaI gorA, iMda vAna barasA pAporA . bogaI vaTA mAra gaIrI, gvAra manana garI mAnavIya barAba prasAda bAbAnI sAnImA bandhana mAyAmI, bAyA pirA-pAya pAlI vidyArI bira vAva 54 pacApiyA bAharI *vira kAlamAna 1i0 pAra pApI ni sakArI mAra yahI nahI kAmagAra ra sinemAma yA varSana basa, mArAvA.

Page #206
174 sabie UgaTa mA jiela vijamati karas anaMta mAru tana maMDava raccha milana suhAvA kesa 1143411 dhamma gharmata pAcarai, ulaTakara jANa garyada mAru vAlI maMdire, pIne bAdala caMda / / 537 / / bolI vINA haMsagata pama bAjaMtI pAla rAjAdI para aMgana, chUTe ghaMTe kaMchala / 1540|| soI sajjana bhAviyA, jIva kI jotI thImA nAva para haMsa, belava lAgI bATa / 1541|| yahI nahIM, pAzcAtya gIta-kAvyoM kI taraha vAkcAturya, uttara pratyuttara zailI vyaMgya vacana vAmI vicchitti ke apUrva camatkAra pUrva udAharaNa prastuta kAvya meM mila jAte hai| alaMkAroM kAvarNana kAvya pramAda kI prAsAdikatA meM abhUtapUrva nirvAha pAtA hai| DholA mAru kI bhASA prAcIna rAjasthAnI yA purAnI hindI hai| mIra kI kaI padoM sAkSiyoM kA sAmya DholA mAru ke dohoM se dekhA jA sakatA hai| kamIra- aMbara kuMjA kuraliyA garaji pare saba tAla jina gobinda boTe tinake koNa vAla || 3|1|| DholA- rAti sArasa kuraliyA buddhi rahe jinakI jor3I bar3I tinakA kAma imA kabIra- yaha bAlo gari karo meM IvA sami pati rAma nA kare naravi dukAne maari|| bAlI gA~va kI timI rAya ko naa3|1 / / - DholA- yaha bana jArIpati kI bAta isa prakAra prakalpanA Doka mIra varmana bagAkAra, kAvya pravAha tyA sthAnIya gA~va kI dRSTi dRSTi se gaura at: (1) vii svara sundara hai| kAvya pravAda kI kI dRSTi se kucha mahatvapUrNa mama vA ukA

Page #207
175 (2) bIja na deza kahaDiDayAM prI paradeza gayAMha bhASaNa lIya pakaDA, gali lAbhI maaraa||15|| bIliyA pArokina nITha va nIgabhiyAMka abai na bhajana mADe, bali pAzI bliyaaN||15|| ___ vaDila: Apa vallahA nAgara batura pujAma tuma viNa dhaNa vilakSI ki vinalAla kmaa||155|| DiyadA bhItara pAti kari, gai majjaNa sa nita sUkaI mitapalhavA niva nita mavalA ||18|| avadha kahAnI prega kI ki kahI na bAI gaMgA kA apanA paNa sumara pupara pilyA 59 // prIvA, borAkAramA prAmabANI hiyar3A bhItara priya asA kAhI ra pA to mADiyA vara huI, bhayA gamAyA roya se pAya" paradezamAI rapayA biTAmA hoy|||5|| jAmI mAha molI, ra basA agAvi jyA boDI kA mi bAyosIsa bAta (1) sI nAbAla lam bAla gopI NiIT tyo (1) raMgara-merA nA. mogarA pAvA kA mAmalA, Tamel (Vaa ra paribhara, ligAma niyms (1) kAlI pArI mila pasI INAL karIpAra gAva poSae any

Page #208
176 isa prakAra loka kAvyAnaka prema gAthAoM meM DholA mAru rA dohA kAvya kA sthAna apratima hai| acaladAsa bIcI rI vacanikA jainevara kAvyoM meM 15vIM zatAbdI meM likhI prAcIna rAjasthAnI kI eka viSTi kRti acaladAsa sIbI rI vacanikA hai| isa vacanikA kI hasta likhita prati janma saMskRta lAibrerI, bIkAnera meM surakSita hai| pUrI rakhanA eka aitihAsika kAvya hai jisameM kavi meM bAsa zailI kA prayoga bhI kiyA hai| kAvya kI pati vAlI ke jAne vAlA yaha gama bhAga mI paNa mahatva kA hai jisa para Age prakAza DAlA jaaygaa| yahAM kRti kA kAvya kI dRSTi se hI jA rahA hai| diyA acaladAsa bIbI rI vacanikA ke racayitA zrI zivadAsa hai zivadAsa bAraNa rAjyAzraya rahakara hI unhoMne yaha bacanikA likhii| koTA rAjya ke varga gAgarona ke zAsaka zrI acaladAsa bIcI hI isake AzrayadAtA the|kvi zivadAsa kA samaya TIDa tathA TessITorI saM0 1475 mAnate hai aura motIlAla meM nAriyA saM0 1485 / jo bhI ho, yaha nirvrIta hai ki racanA 15vIM zatAbdI ke uttarAIca ke tRtIya garama kI hai| isa racanA kI pratilipi abhaya jaina granthAlaya meM bhI hai| svamata 121 chandoM meM pUrI huI hai| alavAra bIvI rI baniyA eka vortha mIramAna bhIdA se bharA bIrarava pradhAna kAvya hai jisane kavi ke svayaM yuddha meM upasthita rahakara bhAsa dete rozcaka citra yathArtha hai mahadA samanvaya karake kiyA hai| kathA mAmaH saMskRta kyanikA eka sukSa prabhAga mAnya haijisakI kyA aitihAsika hai| pUre kAvya kRtikAra meM nivAsa kI mAmIratA ke anUThe citra urahe hai| mAMDU ke ivAna meM mana ko apane adhikAra meM karanA cAhA lavAsa 1- prati anUSa saMskRjherI bIkAnera meM dUraviDa /

Page #209
177 ko AdhInatA svIkAra karane ko bAdhya yiaa| rAjapUtI na jabata par3AmayAdA kI muskAna aura samanI janma bhUmi kI rakSA meM rAjapUta tatpara ho ge|acldaas ne adha ke lie lalakArane kA saMdeza yA prathA Ajamaga ko rokane ke lie kile ke dvAra baMda karavA die| donoM baloM aura prApakara mArakATa ke bAda avalavAsa svayaM vIra gati ko prApta MARATE ke balidAna se bhUmi raMga gii| sabhI rAjapUtoM ne jauhara kara apane prANoM bhAiti dii|kvi zrI zivadAsa caraNa pI bujha meM apane bhAva dAbA ke sAtha the| jaya rAvapUoM ko gaura karanA phA parantu rAjakumAroM ke jIvana nirmANa ke lie tathA apane AzrayadAtA kI isa vIra gati ko vApI dekara amara kara dene ke lie zivadAsa ko gauhara se mukta honA pdd'aa| aurakyoMki yaha yuga ki. 1475 bArapAsa hI mAmA basa: isa racanA kA prajana bhI isI samaya meM yA hogaa| abalavAsa jhIcI rI varamikA kA vAsa isa iSTiko bhAgoM viSakta khiA jA sakatA hai| eka bo aica bhAna aura isarA jauhararAividyAsa sAmAnyata: kaI prakAre mA bhane / panta kavi zivadAsa ne sthAna sthAna para vizAla batvoM kI rakSA kara kA bhAva bAra kiyA hai| mahI mahIne tI pilyakti ko ImAnadArI sevAmI mAra ke bAdazAha kImApA vINA varNana karane vAlI hanimArakI ramA / / pUrI kavitA aura bAra bolo jI maI hai| meM bayAnakA sIva giit| vAsI kAma me bA kA romAgiya kI kAmyAtmamA jApa gdAharaNa hai| nA pAlisI kaI hai| satkAlIna rakArya vana kI nagara aura do vikalI / kesoM meM pIra movIpI /

Page #210
178 vacanikA zailI meM likhA gayA jaina grantha pRthvIcanda vA vilAsa apane hI prakAra kA anUThA gayaMbandha hai, jisameM kisI kAvyAtmaka rasa se kama Ananda nhiiN| sAtha hI jo gama kAvya kI zailI kA udUbhavakahA jA sakatA hai / parantu adhikatara jaina lekhakoM ne varNana kI cAraNa bailI nahIM apanAI hai aura isa ora udAsInatA rahane se ve jainetara lekhakoM se isa kSetra meM zithila dikhAI par3ate haiN| acaladAsa bIcI darI vacanikA isa dRSTi se bAharaNa zailI meM likhA eka saphala kAvya hai jisameM kavi kA gadyAtmaka kAvya aura kAvyAtmaka gama samAna rUpa se parilakSita hotA hai| 5vIM zatAbdI ke uttarArdha meM aisI kRtiyoM kA milanA AdikAlIna sAhitya kI zrI suSamA kI vRddhi meM atyanta mahatvapUrNa caraNa hai| pUrI racanA kAvya gAhA, dUvaDA, soraThA- kyA bAta bhAdi meM lilI gaI hai| racanA adyAvadhi bhakAzita hai| racanA kA prArambha kavi buddha kI svAminI mahivAramardinI mahAdevI bhairavI tathA sarasvatI donoM ko namana karake karatA hai| kavi ne sarasvatI se pahale dugI kI sira navAyA hai isase kAvya kI yuddha pradhAna pravRtti aura zailI kA cAraNa pana spaSTa hotA hai| racanA kI prArambhika vanA dekhie: aate hathi viroli bIbaha viroliye nAva pAhU vanaiti jyoM kA hI mauki Tima paraviyA bhArama kari uparika devi vAri bAmati yA isa ba mafeet mAi, garaja parivAra gare isa bAra vArI bI havi ues kA ikAti uhiyA upanA kAra bAki hai bAjA radhi bIsa hathi rAmAyana hI rAva kImoM ne isI ka sakati vimAvi vimana hoI (+4)

Page #211
kavi sarasvatI ko mIta nAda, guNa yuti tathA kaviyoM kI dIpta karane vAlI kahatA hai bamA usI kI pAye isa kathA kA gandha ma nibaMdhana karanA cAhatA hai: atha mAhA. vAsa gaye namo balamAi beSA pusikaka dhAraNIkAsamIra parivasaMtrI gIca nAda guga mAra diyama, dema kaviyana vivaMtI sAcAra bAmani saMbharI pATha tha apAra sUrata rAma akala kara sAdAma sikAra (0) acala dAsa kI kathA ne kavi ke kAma meM sonA aura sunaMdhi guNa ko sAkAra kara diyA hai aisA kavi zivadAsa kA kahanA hai| guNiyoM meM zreSTha acaladAsa hI zivadAsa bArava kadhi kA pancAnyAkna kara sakatA hai| khanAkAra ne ziva siMha ke mAtra yadAya se zuddha karane vAle pAda ke bAdazAha kI nA kA prArambha hI meM varNana khiA haima varSa meM prAsAdikatA aura pravAha kA saphala samanvaya desipa: bAr3A gattara dakSiNa dekha pUraba nai pahimAla baDiyA - dani TA, piyA maTha bareza para bAikAra para prati bANa pani rAisa para cAra hai na pAyAmA pArasI bAga maDagAva ma yo ko pUrA kiyA para sanI ---- nArI dive megA pApa pus (e-m mAnAvindu rAjAnoM ke kApI aura sa HT savA drAvadhAna zi dAsakA sTaka kI banI kavi maigmANa kiyA ki

Page #212
180 aura eka kuMDaliyA cheda meM nRsiMha dAsa ke kaTaka kA varNana kiyA hai| eka hI bana nivAsa karane vAle pugendra aura hAthI ke vIrya kI pArasparika malA kyA tulanA? hAthI to likara galI galI ghUmatA hai para kyA siMha ko isa pola kabhI koI kharIda sakegA? " atha dUhA eka kunDaliyA eka 1. jeka vani vasaMtar3A ekr3a antara kAi sIha kavaDI na lahe vara ThAkSi vikars gaivara galai gala thiyo jar3a se taha bAi sIha galabana je yaha tara vaha laf vikars daha lati vikars mola jANa vimuha merA vAlina kerA ager kAraNa kacina kopi peTi kI paDiyArani iti kaTArau duhuna rAi na grahaNa narasaMca gaDa gala ja gaivara (17-19) dUdha meM bIbI parivAra ke samasta siMha AjuDe, jAsapAsa kerAjA mI svAmI para AI isa Apatti ko brahama karane ko taiyAra nahIM ye tInoM ke taba bhAI ke rAjAoM ne jAkara judd'vaaye| hammIra kI bhAMti sthala ko cita kiyaa|smst sainika abhaya the| eka divA hai bara paDha mAyA aura dUsarI dizA se mAno sampUrNa hI parivAra kI sana ke ati kara diyA gayA ho balapara ke zAmI vainikoM kA varNana kavi meM bahuta hI sajIva tathA sarava kiyA hai: mana kA adA se Dara bhAvanA yaha kAma mahati kA mA hoi garama hune maTha mehiba bAlera iDa mata saha koi vaDa maravAI mAtha le jA laMkAla gai cAhI nAhI va baji borI rAma yA irama moDa limiTa kI

Page #213
181 lIdhA bali lAgI karI mAjhyA lami sahi dAsa dekhe javapapurata jyoM nyau karai, siDa kalAlaka mAra tamI paTaulai mAvi kabahI na par3hA kAbalA sari gorI rAba kyoM maraha jIDa bAtina pAti sAhana lAvaNa sAra paidala pAra na mAmiyai guDiyai gorI rAva kahi maimata sabaka apAra abale savara apAra dala sariyo dAbI laMkA levaNa hAra kAimorI rAva gApurama Alama va jAgAha vivai kI vidhi avalesara gaDha babachaDe jIva ke pokaliyA kA sUbara dizi nAmi mi kAdavA viti acala bar3e bAlana sarisa ata ApaThana zApi (32-1) yahI nahIM se mujha kI lAja lopa na bAba isalie sIcI kulake bhI sUramA utsAha meM cUra hokara pratijJAeM kara rahe the| sAtha hI anya sahayogI rAba umarAba apane sahayoga ko vibhinna vIratAmUlaka raktiyoM dvArA spaSTa kara romAI bhAI ko chor3akara calA aura beTA bApa ko chor3akara cale vara kaTaka ko lekara bhAge hai| vana meM pAyA prAdhAnya aura bhArata kI mamatkAra mAnavIcI pIka, maha kI mahatIvarI mahAparAkI bIpavaI vijaya se kharI nAva, chAyopi kokhabara pyAmilI pocAva pAva / (-5) gaka bara mAhI kI ho zArIrako bImA mA ra paDiyAka bola bAiti bAgaDani mAlikA pIrabA vimA mA

Page #214
182 nAha vaNDa naraloDa va jAniyo mahAsatI ana melhI mehara udaka riSi dini toi afa asat tada Apa, harapAyI TharapI karI cAka hI cAlainahIM beTara avachaDi bApa nImani kramani nAha mAI bari bhojA tapai prajA kI mana pAdharA maraNa dekhi parivAha bApaitA miravata chali, parikulI chattIsa DI jAtyA svAmi samAya, sIsa mANasa pAsa isa eki pAlhA kI pUchi pUThi eki pAtalataNI uli gAvA AgI hUvA asa dina vela uThi (48-64) frea acala nihAra sUrA guru jiudai ekiNi disi AyA asura paha dUjI parivAra kali pAlaTa karaNIka sItala soma hamIra jina gaDha aniye mAbI vA mile rAi paraNIka mila mechika dhAri maha milate parivAra ke cha bAi baDhyo ikkAra (56-58) ghara kavi me mAha kI senA kI mAna se manA hAmI poTe, paika Adi mI ko dekhakara prastuta kI hai| ekasAna nAmo dUsare kAlIna kI bhAMti dikhAI par3A thaa| gAdhA bAra bAra lakSma va vanamiti cavarAmI maigala DI bhara deta, bAla zAha aDIca keraha (67) meM donoM mAragoTI huI rAjapUtoM kI mohavIna apane dI yoM ke hAthoM ke AAdhAraNa bAroM ko dekhakara mudha ho bA zrI hI nahIM, bUDhI rAniyA, gohI kahA thA praur3hA striyoM bhI apane

Page #215
apane devara, jeTha, bhatAra Adi ke pujArtha ko dha nabanoM se dekhatI phiratI thii| gANurapi isa samaya adhasthala athavA vaisAlapari kI bhAti ho rahI thii| adha sthala kA mAyaka acaladAsa buddha bhUmi meM chA caeNbara sahita isa prakAra kA nAma vIra dikhAI par3atA thA mAno sAkSAt hammIra hI baiThA ho|donoN ora kI semAboM kI samarAMgaNa meM mocIvAdI tathA bhISaNa mArakATa ke varNana kavi kI pUrNa, utsAha pUrNa jyA gahana adhaca sajIva anubhUti ke binaa| kavi ne bodhAnoM kI vIratApUrNa bhayaMkara mArakATa ke anekoM sAkAra evaM romAcaka vizvabAre hai| varSa kI citrAtmakatA tathA sajIvatA kavisAvalA evaM gAhA chaMdoM meM spaSTa dRSTavya hai:. aba rasAbalA bihU Di kAmAvalIsara pUTiMga mI bhanI abhI anulIsaga sagA balI ughira para rahatalI,bAnAce iMzada mahAbalI bhAramai bAMgAvaThI bAlama bacalesara par3agAsena bina ima milI so kuma puprii| kArI bAbA kAhI nAhI dina rAma bApA sababIvarI bhA~dA hani sIrIna (-10 matha gAhA pAna hai mIrA kaba pisAI mA gro)

Page #216
184 uksa varSama dvArA rakamA vIra rauha tathA bIbhatsa rasa kI niSpatti spaSTa hai| kI dhvanyAtmakyA thA mAlaMkAriktA vibhinna dRSTAntoM aura vanoM kI sAkAratA yA citrAtmakatA kyA evaM sAkAra ho uThatI hai| zivadAsa aravara ko vIra rasa ke usa pyAle pilA unakI isa prakAra kI razmiyoM meM se eka ko dekhA pA saksA hai. * jasa pAvara mata gAra pUrva na hoi pAka vi vATI hara nA baliyo bAisa hara pii| (4) bahuta bhayaMkara sAmanA kiyA gayArAgaNa meM vividha prayogoM dvArA sIvI ke sainikoM ne baurya dizAbA jAma kara - kara, mAno kviADa bolaviSa gae meM varSana kabistIka ke saba kiyA gayA hai|paalhnn siMha ke meva rahate hI rAya kA ina para AmA sudhArA bA balI: pAraDamI viDirayo animamasyA parapI vipi belA hIyA parI rAi rAi roSa lApi IR. kvitv| pAtI karapada pausama nA bAbI bAra ra tena, bApApaDa mA ma sabaka samasyA gopA sArI bAjArapIDo bAjAra bha rI gaggaI / / 11 / kara bhArakATane para pI.sImAva prapa me apatha karane para bhI khAna ko hI vivaaiikii| eMgara siMha mokkAti, mAna miTakonI mAnI isa mA barIko nAnA kAmayAbIra ko pAra karate va tI ke

Page #217
kAna meM yahI svara dhe ki rAjapUta putra aura striyA~ jIvita sama meM musalamAnoM ko AtmasamarpaNa nahIM kreNgii| ata:pura se jahara ke muMe kI lapaTeM musalamAnoM ko isa hAra kA Atma sammAna pUrNa karArA uttara degii| huA bhI yahIkaSi ne acaladAya kI mRtyu kA jyA rASapUrvo kI isa bhUmila evaM asaMgata sthiti kA bar3A hI mArmika evaM kAvyAtmaka varNana kiyA hai: pIvaviyo vA vApi sahara kI mADara jugati hava hatyA harapura diyA vegA vaiNi bihAmi 194) gaDA mIcI moThIkI rica hI abhisya mRta pArau sadA abara rAi aneka sadA pAisa jamIna kahi kI abasara kI par3hayA ra zAniya muniyA basa chatIsa yahI nahIM, anta meM kavi ne samasta rAniyoM ko jauhara kI dhapatI bAlA kA bhaMgAra karAyA hai varSana kA saundarya aura vIra rasa kA kAmya dRzya bahA prastuta hotA hai jo apanI poDajI vAlAI samI banI jauhara ke skRtiyoM se apanI kAma ko sajA letI hai| varSa kI pravAha ramA ke utthAna ko pIropiyoM kA tA mA sarakAra barasA romATikA sthAnIya vama pIca parakha evaM bIba yA mAgAva gAva saumya varSa athMat bIvI ki, mAlini mahI zAma mazinA kA kAraka modo avariparibAra bhASIyA rAmarAmAri maLama pIra morTamA pari mAtrai hudai nISaNa hara galI bAra ki fat pekSA kimatIkA paramA

Page #218
186 ta avera uThisI maMga jAge jAmi ApaNA suvara ajIta mAhe mAhe malapatI kula bahuvAM dIse kevala ugA kiri AdIva (101-105) se bAlI tithi ThAhi, Aisi abalesara aff siva sinakare, paisai pAvaka mAhi chUTa na jAI hohi mAr3e jahara bAi bAi caDai utAvalI paTarAnI pAgeki hara gai jati bAha isai teji paise avala pahilI thI rahi machalI paga paki paDAve nAha (106-108) 10 jahara jAlana hAra amara balai tAi uvare hari hari hari hoI rahyau visana visama vinivAra havi na pArAvAra gaDha aniye gAvA mA sura tetIsa samaghara ni daniyara hAra ster choDi jAmolaki pari bAva johAra mA jAtiyo, mI mAdhau lohi (110-11) Doma vIra biga jauhara bADiya aft deva bAbA mAdigA mata bihara viri vidhiThivAsI movAija kla ikAra ikAra para kAlAsI (121) anta meM kavi ne adA kI kIrti ko jala kara kAvya kI samApti kI hai

Page #219
187 gaDhi saMDi par3hatI mAguraNi, viha rAte suritANa ka saMsArinAma Ama saraMgi, acala bevi kIthA aJcala (121 ) racanA kI pratilipi kA pramANika varNana racanA kI puSpikA meM mila jAtA hai| isa prakAra pUrI racanA 121 paTToM meM pUrI huI hai| bIca bIca meM kavi ga railI meM bhI paryApta varNana karatA hai| vastutaH pUrA kAvya vIra rasa kI eka utkRSTa racanA hai jisameM kavi ne vIrapUjA aura johara dvavArA utkAlIna samAja kI pArasparika yuddha nIti rAjabUtoM kI sthiti, AtmasammAna kI rakSA ke lie jauhara evaM mRtyu varaNa, yuddha prema Adi pravRttiyoM ko svaSTa kiyA hai| vAstavame acaladAsakhIcI vacanikA jIvaTapUrNa vIra gAthA kA janaitara (laukika ) kAvya hai| adyAvadhi jainevara jitane bhI kAvya milaihaiM, unakA vivecana uktapRSThoM meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai jainevara racanAoM ko vastu zilpa bhAva bI, mAyA thA varNana kI vividha paddhatiyoM kI tulanA kA vikAlIna jaina kRtiyoM ke sAtha batA de kI jA sakatI hai| vAstava meM upalabdha jaimetara (laukika) kAvyoM kA zilpa, varNa pravAha, bhASA tyA viSaya kA sundara samAhAra evaM batiyAvana kI kSamatA ina kAvyoM meM parilakSita hotA hai| bodha hone para hindI kI prAdezika bokiyo aura bhI aneka AdikAlIna tara kAvya mila sakeMge, aisI bAyA hai| 1- saMvat 1631 varSe pAvana dina liTi 11 pa 25 vivA ghaTI 3144 brahmamAmA bogaTI 54|10vaas bIcI rI vacanikA mahArAjA virAja mahArAja zrI rAma siMha jI vivarAjye pAvivANI mI madhye mahArAjA virAja mahArAi zrI jodhA satya rAja zrI bIdA tatputrarAja zrI saMsAra baMda rAja zrI sAMgA kA rAja zrI hAka dAsa lihilAyeM / yaM bhavatu kalyANamastu / / zrIrAmacandra jI (pratilipi abhaya jaina granthAlaya, baiMkAnera ke saMjaya se)|

Page #220
188 (2) AdikAla kI jaina tara (laukikAgadaya rcnaaeN| pramamiH hindI sAhityameM gadya ke umava kA prazna bhI taka samasyA banA humA hai| AdikAlIna hindI sAhitya kI jenetara (laukika) gadya racanAoM para vicAra karane ke lie hindI sAhitya kI gaThyaparaMparA kA pRSThabhUmi ke ma meM paricaya prApta karanA Avazyaka pratIta hotA hai| isake lie hameM ajaina aura jaina sabhI vividha strotoM dvArA hindI sAhitya ke gaThyake udabhava ke aMkura khojane hoge azAvadhi hindIgaDya sAhitya kA ubhava 14vIM zatAidI se hI mAnA jAtA rahA hai|prntu AdikAlIna sAhitya kI isa rodha dvArA prApta 10vIM satAbdI ke zilAlekha anema) aura 11vIM zatAbdI kI khanapAla kthA (jaina) Adi prauda racanAoM ke AdhAra para hindI maiya kI paramparA kA prArambha 10vIM zatAbdI se hI mAnA jA sakatA hai|adyaavdhi vidvAnoM meM jo pUrva mAnyatAeM gaya ke udabhava ke sambandha meM rahI haiM una para pRSTha bhUmi ke ma meM yahI saMkSepa meM vicAra kiyA jArahA hai| jisase Aza hai gadya kI paramparA ke udbhava ko samajhAne meM sahAyatA milegI / hindI sAhitya ke madaya kI paramparA mindI sAhitya ke prAcImata majha kI paraMparA phUla strota hameM saMskRta aura prAkRta kI racanAoM meM milI hai|skul gama, vaidika saMskRta ke sAhitya se hI milane lagA hai vaidika kAla basa kI vanAeM huIaura usakA mahatva pUrNa sthAna bhI thaa| that meM baDsa ko pradhAnavA dI hai|praaimnn granthoM meM hameM pA kA mAna gayA yA vizAIpar3atA hai jabaki upaniSadoM pari bora pasa levA hai| sthiti kA bilaukika saMskRta meM gar3aba kI prati mahIM miltii| rAmAyaNa aura kAdhArAnI pala ko pradhAnatA milIparantu usake bAda adhikAra gAmiya mana meM liyA hai|suutr sAhitya meM do pakSya ke

Page #221
189 kahIM vana hI nahIM hote| saMskRta ke pazcAta prAkRta pAlI meM arthAta jaina aura bauddha racanAoM meM hameM gadya kI pragati punaH milane lagatI hai| prAkRta apakSa kI racanAeM vo hindI sAhitya ke prAcInatama gaya ramanAoM kI janmadAtrI kahI jA sakatI hai|viic sma meM ina racanAoM meM gadya ke prAcInatama udAharaSa hameM upalabdha hote hai| satya kA prArInatama svasma hamAre sAmane prastuta karane meM ina prAntIya bhASAoM aura bola bAla kI dezI mAvAoM kA bAta hAtha hai|deshii bhASAoM para apaza kA prabhAva sarvatra parilakSita hotA hai yahAM taka ki uttara kI bhArata kI vartamAna sabhI prAntIya pAmAoM kA vikAsa apaja se hI huvA hai|praakRt aura saMskRta meM to gaya ke saikzI hajAro pandha haiM, para apabhraMza kI pradhAnatA ke samaya patya kA AkarSaNa imA adhika bar3ha gayA thA ki apAMca meM par3ajhabadta to vividha prakAra kI ko choTI bar3I racanAeM milatI haiM, parantu gadya meM liA gayA koIbhI batkAlIna gaya prandha svataMtra meM upalabdha nahIM hotaa| apakSa ke navIM tAiva meM raviva kuvalayamAlA andha meM hameM gadya ke hoTeloTe vAkya dekhane ko milate hai|prsiddh viibAna zrI lAlabaMda bhagavAna gAdhI ne apane grantha apamaMka kAvyAmI meM khalabamAlA ke katipaya uddharama prastuta kie hai| na hindI gadya sAhitya kI paramparA uipaba ke bIja isI ranamA se hameM milane ko hai|kuvlynaalaa gra pa DA. hamArI prasAda divodI ne bhI hindI sAhitya ke nAma kiya hai| ve likhate hai kinavIM batAdI kI sAlA yA prasaMga hai jinameM kI tatkAla prabalita bhASA ke andara jAne kAma prAkRta ke isa pravidha grantha pravAsa kI vahI apAMca kA yoga milatA hai usa samaya ke bolanAta kI pAka para re hoTa majhAraka mAmaloM meM usa para acchA prakAra par3atA hai|in - - dekhi zeSa patrikA bImATA zikSita prAcIna rAjadhAnI mA sAhitya hindI sAhitya kA AvikAsa-bApAzI

Page #222
choTe choTe chopakthanoM dvArA hama gadya kI prAcInatama sthiti kA sAla anumAna lagA sakate hai isa prakAra vikrama saM. 85 meM liye isa kuvAlaba mAlA kyA manca se apabhraMza kI parivartita sthiti aura tatsama zabdoM ke bAhulya ko spaSTa karane vAle ina prAsaMgika gayAoM ke gaDhya kI paraMparA samajhane meM yoga milatA hai| jasake bAda purAnI kosalI kA eka grantha uktivya sti prakaraNa 11vIM zatAbdI kA kavi zrI vAmodara zarmA dvArA likhita upalabdha hotA hai| yaha pandha banArasa aura usake bAsa pAsa ke bhASA spoM ko samajhane meM yoga detA hai| tatsama zabdoM kI ora kSetrI se pratikramaNa hameM isa raknA meM upalabdha hone lagatA hai| yaha andha raka bAta yaha bhI siddha karatA hai ki dezI bhASA meM thA kahAniyoM kI racanA prArambha ho gaI thii| yaha mandha dezI bhASA ke gadma granthoM meM atyanta mahatvapUrNa kRti hai| isa grandha ke ramitA dAmodara rAjA govindacandra ke samA paMDita thebe kAzI ke rAjakumAroM ke zikSaka the| granca kA racanAkAla san 1954 hai ataH pASA vIM batAdI kI banArasa ke Asa pAsa kI dezI bhASA kI ora mukne kI pravRttimA maIdhI, yA bhI isase paryApta spaSTa hai| prathoM ke kucha uidharaNa udAharaNArtha dekhe jA sakate haivAkti vyakti prakaraNa meM purAnI kosanI ko dezI apaja kahate hue kahA gayA hai ki de ve lokokti mirA aSTamA yamAkarita sAvI saMskRta ravitA bAdhyatva mAvi 10 bAma iti nimna kIja ki sAdhvagA priyAsamA vAdA bATA dAvA sApaTI pInadI meM bIvAtmA sthitI gamAvalyAvara : vyAkaraNa ke niyamoM meM spaSTa karate hue gaya ke prabura udAharaNa mita isa - mAmAra varma ho pAga 1. bApA boTa ..I bAra *-bArA vAri detA

Page #223
191 5. jIpe cAsa, jImeM cAlata aach| - nA sUcana -- hA mA, kAne muNa, bole bolAye le paaygaa| 2. (a) ke IhA kAha paDha, ko ko pada (4) kAra rakSako kaha kara kA (sa) kA kA vi kA pAsa hApaTha - pR0 10-11) ....aba jasa dharma bAda mubayu pApa pATa 1. pAhA nAhI varSa nAMda bAbAhA pAe mAnya mAdi udAharaNoM meM prAcIna gadya ke udAharaNa mila jAte hai jo AdikAlIna gadya racanAoM kI praSTa bhUmi nirmita karane meM sahAyaka satya hai| inauddharaNoM ke atirikta prAcIna rAjasthAnI bhASA meM vIM vAdI rAjarAnoM ke zilAlekha bhI upalabdha hote hai jinameM do pramukha dAnapatroM ko hI rakha diyA thA rahA hai| ve dAnapatra rAvala samara siMha aura mahArAja pRthvI siMha ke hai tathA donoM kAsamaya kramazaH pan 1101 va san 178 hai|paamaa pravI prAcIna rAjasthAnI hai| rAvala samara siMha aura pRthvI siMha ke donoM dAna patroM ke uddharaNa kramazaH isa prakAra :rAla samaramika- svastikI vIkoTa pArAjAdhirAja rAvatI rAnI zrI narasiMha kI banAi dAbamA prAkAra gAra pI sana kI belAyatIrAva goSavArI lebamA poSaya para pAnI pArI monAnA pArA carA TAkSa momo cAnA nahIM aura bhArI baiMka kI meM hI pI pramANe paraNAma barobara garama degA aura dhArA 4 sapUta mUba zevAmA mAmA stivyakti prakaraNa:prakAzaka siMdhI ke bAlA - mad

Page #224
vegA jI ne gAya goNo agI rAja meM sAzyA pAyA jAyegA aura dhArA bAkara pIr3A ko kAmo koNara se balAvegA aura yUM jamA sAtarI rIjo koI meM rAjayAna bAda jo abhI paravAnA rI koI usaMgama karegA jIne zrIpaka liMga jI kI bhApa hai| paMcolI jaankiidaas| dhan ra kima 19.90 . 129 // ' (2) mahArAja vI siMhaH * zrI zrI dalIla mahArAcaM dhIrAja meM hindusthAna rAjadhAna saMparI naresa pura badalI nAta zrI zrI mAna rAna vIrAna zrI pRthvI rAjI ghusAdhana bAvAraNa mI koSa ghanaM tri apsanama ne kAkAjI naM. ke duvA kI gArAma bamojIna ke rAja meM rokaDa rupImA 50.) tumare vAhAtI gor3e kA paracA sIvAna mAme mAna se inako koI mApha karege bInako merako ke arthakArI ho gaI / haDameta rAmA man 1138 vikrama saM. m+.. . ina donoM dAna patroM ko zrI hariaudha jI ne apane anya hindI bhASA aura sAhitya vikAsa meM upata kiyA haiparatu donoM kI mAtrA meM miAnoM kI bolI ke prayoga tathA udayapura ke AsapAsa bolI jAne vAlI bAlIna rAjasthAnI bhAga pani bAinika mAmAnoM ke prayoga kara ina bAma panA ke bAre prAcInatA para viza honelamA upAya hone ke garama jamako kahA nAna kara diyA mAsA milA mAnA pAka kami hai| vIM vAdI romAda hamArI isTi goranAre gaDya para maha pAtI hai bAbA kI menI ho . mAsapAya ke prabhASA gar3A 1. ritI-hindI bhASA aura ritya kA vikAsAdivatIya saMskaraNa) 28-29 ist

Page #225
113 kA udAharaNa mAna lene ko liyA hai| mitrabandhu gorakhanAtha kA samaya 0.47 mAnate haiN| kucha sAkRtyAyana rano 10vIM bavAidI kA hI kahate hai| isa prakAra gorakhanAtha kA samaya nizcita nahIM hai aura usake nAma se upalabdha gadaya kRtiyAM bhI asaMdigdha nahIM hai| parantu gorasnAtha kI kRtiyoM kI pramANikatA para bAlocaka vidvAnoM ne kArya kI hai kigorakhanAtha kI prAmANika hastalikhita pratiyAM .8vIM zatAbvI se pahale kI prApta nahIM hotI aura racanAeM gorakhanAtha ke nAma se prApta hai ve vizvasanIya nahIM hai| parantu itanA hone para bhI ise avazya mAnA jaavgaa|ki gorakhanAtha kI racanA AdikAla ke gadya sAhitya meM apanA sthAna avazya rakhatI hai| vAstavameM yadi gorakhanAtha kI ye racanAeM usakI apanI hoM to bhI ve apane mUla sma meM surakSita hai isa para saMdeha kyiA jA sakatA hai|asNbhv nahIM ki unakA prApta sama gorakhanAtha ke bahuta bAda kA ho|vhii kAraNa hai ki bAlocakoM ne ayabhAyA ke ballabhAcArya ke gadya granthoM ko hI hindI ke prAcIna gaDgamAna liyA hai| jo bhI ho, sthiti isa sambandha meM bahuta spaSTa nahIM hai| gorakhanAtha kI sindhu hindI kA prArambhika gadya lekhaka mAnate hai| gorakhanAtha ke nAma se upalabdha honevAle maDya ke jana avataraNoM ko zrI ayodhyA siMha upAdhyAya hariaudha nevI apane khihAsa * gorakhanAtha ke mAna se upalamaya gaya kahakara udyata sthiA hai| mAmale ... AsapAsa kA gar3ha maanaa| .- so vA puna saMpUrNa varSa basmAna kara cukI sa mayI brAhamna ni ko yuko, baru mAtrA kara cukI devabA guga pisAni ko saMtuSTa -ndI sAhitya kA itihAsamA rAmacandra cuktA 2-mitraka vinodaH mAma" mi . .. -bApamAnA: bAbarI amaravAdamATAkA rAjasthAnI pAkamakI prNpraa-b-bddii| -migandhu vinodaHbhAga :

Page #226
194 kari juko svarga loka prApta kari juko nA manuSya ke mana lana mAtra brahma ke vicAra baittho|------- parAdhIna uparAti baMdhanano hI su AdhIna uparAti mukta nAhI, pAhi uparAva pApa nAhI, bacAhi uparIti punni nAhI ama uparAti mala mAhI, nihi krama parAti niramala nAhI. duka upAdhi avadhi nAhIM niradoSa uparAti sudhi nAhI, pora uparAti batra nAhI. nArAyaNa aparAti Ighara nAhI, niraMjana uparAti dhyAna kAhI zrI guru paramAnanda tinako daMDavata hai| vaise paramAnaMdA bAnaMda svarUpa hai zarIra jinDi ko kinhIM ke nitya gAye hai sarIra cenni baru AnaMdamaya hota hai| ja maiM goraSa so mAMdara nAtha ko daMDavata karata hai se ve madara nAya? AtmAko di nizcala, aMbaDa karana jinha ko asmUla dvAra hai chaha baiMka vini nIkI taraha barAne va guja kAla klpa ini kI rakhanA tatva jini gAyo |sugNdh ko samudra tinhi ko merI daMDavatAsvAmI tuma ho majaguru amhai to sika sabada eka pUziyA kyA kari kaDibA bhanina kariyA rAmoM ukta uddharaNoM ko 14vI zatAbdI kAgadya mAnA jA sakatA hai parantu bAloge ko jaba taka gorakhanAtha ke viSaya meM puSTa tathA prAmANika valaya nahIM mila jAte, gorakhanAtha ke padaya ko saMdigdha hI kahate hai|jo bhI ho, isa gAnoM ko hindI ke prAcIna maDUba kI paraMparA meM boma ko vAgAya la kiyA jA sakatA hai| nAmarI pracAriNI sapA kApI ke eka mArSika vivaraNasaTi pAya ke nAma para milA yoga sAdhA ramAkA mahAsa badhA tipikAla san .. aura ba dAnoM kA varNana haieka udharaNa deviya gayA yaMtI pahAni imigrA bApa prabhAvabolIvenahama para grahaba kIlA mAra bolii|-- parama pUjya sthAna para the 1- rivI pAla aura bAri - bAga vikAsa haribIca bivI * wan. ... mI nAgarI pracAriNI maa|

Page #227
115 vinase na Avai na jAI yoga yogena he samAI, sunau devI pArvatI Izvara kathitaM mahAjJAnaM * ukta uddharaNa kI pAvA 14vIM zatAbdI kI lagatI hai parantu yaha grantha bhI pUrNa prAmANika hai yaha kahanA kati hai| ukta sabhI uddharaNa 14vIM zatAbdI kI prAdezika bhASAoM ke maya ke hai aisA vidvAnoM kA mata hai parantu inake sambandha meM paryApta Thosa pramANoM kI apekSA hai| eka utkRSTa racanA vidyApati kI kIrtilatA bhI mAnI jAtI hai| haracanA 5vIM zatAbdI ke uttarAdha kI hai |ST0 hajArI prasAda dvivedI mI isa racanA ko gadya kI racanA svIkAra karate haiN| 3 parantu 5vIM zatAbdI meM to hindI sAhityake gadya kI utkRSTa ajaina aura jaina kRtiyoM mila jAtI hai| * zrI agaracanda nAhaTA ne varUNa pravasUri kI 14vIM zatAbdI kI eka jaina vidavAna kI gadya racanA kI sUcanA dI hai jo tatsama zabdoM se pUrNa hai tathA paryApta prAcIna hai / * jo ho, azAvadhi upalabdha ina kRtiyoM ke AdhAra para hindI sAhitya kI paraMparA kA tAratamya yadyapi saMskRta se jor3A jA sakatA hai parantu sthiti phira bhI isa sambandha meM bahuta spaSTa nahIM ho pAI hai| 10vIM zatAbdI se DoDara kA maya kA me upaladha huA hai parantu isake pUrva hindI kI mana paraMparA disa rUpa meM bhI yaha bahuta spaSTanahIM ho pAtA idhara gaurava nAtha Adi kA samaya bhI abhI vivAda kA viSaya banA huA hai| aisI sthiti meM prAcIna rAjasthAnI kI kaI cainaloM hI jAtI hai jisane vIM zatAbdI se hI gama kI mahatvapUrNa sarees arrfavayaviSayaka racanAeM upaladha hone lagatI hai| ina racanAoM para prastu Age visvAra meM kena mama paraMparA ke antargata vicAra kiyA jAyagA avaka kA bAcArya 16 - dezi hindIbhAvikAsa-DA0 hajArI prasAda dvivedI dI yU0pI0 hisTorika DosAiTI ki 12 para zrI ra mASTA kA /

Page #228
196 sabase prAcIna gadya racanAoM ke rUpa meM aneka uddharaNa vibhinna lekhakoM ne die haiM jinameM adhikAMza ukAraNa prAcIna rAjasthAnI ke jaina gayakAroM ke haiN| ye samI uddharaNa prAcIna gujarAtI va saMdarbha meM prakAzita vividha jaina kRtikAroM kI kathAnoM ke hai| vastutaH hindIsAhitya kI gaya paraMpathA kA prArambha jainevara aura bhajaina racanAoM se vIM zatAbdI mAnA jA sakatA hai|10viiN se 15vIM zatAbdI taka AdikAlIna hindI sAhitya meM ya kI aneka ajaina aura jaina kRtiyAM upalabdha hotI hai| yahA AdikAlIna prApta bana kRtiyoM para prakAza DAlA jA rahA hai| Wy jainaitara racanAoM meM adyAvadhi jo kRtiyAM upalabdha huI hai unameM pAlavI, miaulI, rAjasthAnI Adi viSAvAnoM kI hai| maithilI meM prApta gaiba kI racanAoM meM sirpha varNaratnAkara para hI prakAza DAlA gayA hai| bahuta saMbhava hai varNa ratnAkara kI bhAMti maithilI meM likhI gaI aura bampanna gadaya kI kRti kyA nATaka Adi rUpoM meM prApta ho / ataH yahAM upalabdha gajena navavA laukika maya kI kRtiyoM meM se kucha pramukha pramukha racanAoM kA hI paricaya diyA gayA hai| ina racanAoM dvArA hindI sAhitya ke AdikAlIna gaddaya kI paraMparA meM 10vIM zAdI se lekara vIM zatAbdI sakke gaya ke svarUpa kA anumAna sahaja hI lagAyA jA skegaa| racanAoM ke vizleSaNa meM adhika udUcarama isalie Avazyaka kara die jA rahe hai kyoMki inameM niviSTa kRtiyAM mAvadhi maukAkAdita aura hAroM meM hai| * bIDa sAhitya ke kAlIna ma prakAca DAlA gayA hai usake kramika vikAsa ko imaneTara va prakAra se samajhA bA sakatA hai| paraMparA para ukta jitanA racanAoM timImA ke maya ke vividha udAharaNa 0 248-4 10 prA0 mu0ma0 sampAdaka mini jina vijaya / baiMka 3 san 1935 hindI kA mahAi meMTala vividha prAdezika pA

Page #229
bhAge jina netara kRtiyoM kA vizleSaNa kiyA jA rahA hai unameM adhikatara kRtimA atyAnuprAsa lI athavA gA kAvyAtmaka vanikA alI meM likhI gaI haiM, ata: ina ramAoM para gaDya kAvya mUlaka zIrSaka ke antargata prakAza DAlA gayA hai upalabdha netara kRtiyoM kA parikya agrAkti hai: ane tara (laukika) madya racanA gaya kAvya mUlaka: nemalya kRtiyoM meM gadya kAvya kI zailI meM likhI kaI mahatvapUrNa ramAeM upalabdha hotI hai| gadya kAvya kI yaha paraMparA 10vIM zatAbdI se hI prArambha hotI hai aura vIM zatAbdI se lekara 15vIM sAbdI taka midI kI vibhinna prAdezika bhASAoM meM aneka racanAeM gama kAvya kI aulI meM likhI gaI hai| ina ramAbhoM meM prayukta gadya (jana kaviyoM dvArA racita kucha hI racanAmoM ko tor3akara) batyanta, sarasa, sabala tathA paryApta mahatyakA hai| jaina tara mala ke ava adyAvadhi minI bhI racanAeM milI hai unameM se kisI bhI racanA kA pATha jaina racanAoM ke pAgora bA zikSita nahIM hai| isa ora cinI pI ramAeM pilI hai unameM banA mipI merI isamora pAca doSa kI azA paricita hotI hai| gAya kI sI yAvadhi milI aura rakSA upAya hogI ma vica paricaya ko diyA jA raha na racanAvoM dIme vibhinna prAdezi pAnoM -nAlI-kAThI bA rAmasvAmI.vAdimI kI laukika racanAeM hai| Internatii malA mAhitya meM madada kAnya kI paramparA ko 10 mA vAmmI paramparA-hira desi pramagavyAva

Page #230
198 puSTa karane vAlI ajaina racanAoM meM adyAvadhi upalabdha lagabhaga sabhI racanAoM meM prAcIna 10vIM zatAbdI kA eka zilAlekha hai| yaha jilA leDa hindI sAhitya maiM kAvya kI paramparA kA zrI gaNeza karatA hai tathA hindI sAhitya meM padma aura gama kI racanAoM meM sabase prAcInatama hai| kAvya ke rUpa meM isa zilA lekha kA ga bhAga liyA jA sakatA hai| racanA rAula nAyikA ke navavi ke sambandha meM hai| isakA gar3ha kAvyAtmaka pravAha se otaprota hai| madraya kAvya kI paramparA ke udabhava aura vikAsa sUcaka racanAoM meM vahI jilalesa sabase prAcInatama hai| ataH hindI sAhityagaya kAvya kA prArambha karane vAlA yahI zilA-ba kahA jA sakatA hai| racanA kA gadya rAjasthAnI bhASA kI eka upa bolI mAlavI meM hai| isa racanA kA meM adhikAMza mAlavI ke haiM tathA apabhraMza kA vika prabhAva milatA hai jo paramparA kA prabhAva kahA jA sakatA hai| gaya kI prAcInatA aura sampannatA kI dRSTi se nAdikAlIna kI hindI ajaina racanAoM ko paramparA ke rUpa meM prApta honevAlA sabase sampanna vahI gaya hai jo bambaI ke priMsa Apha velsa saMgrahAlaya ke 10vIM zatAbdI ke eka zilA lekha se upalabdha huA hai| yaha jilA leDa madhyAvadhi prApta hone vAlI gar3hava auraSadyAtmaka racanAoM meM sabase prAcIna hai| isakI pAkA koTa hotA hai ki yaha raktA 10vIM zAdI kI hI hai| vaha dilA va rAvaka nAmakI eka nAvikA ke sajA varNana kA hai aura varNana kAra meM vivAha karake AI huI nAvikA ke nahi kA varNana kiyA hai| isa philA Theva ke dvArA usake le ke viSaya meM koI bhI taya nahIM milavA | kavi ne kA kyA mata varNana padma meM kiyA hai aura phira ma kA varNana kI bahana ke varNana sevayApta sAmya rakhatA hai| 1- ke vistRta paricaya ke lie dekhie prastuta kA samAna 11

Page #231
adyAvadhi gaya kI jo vIM zatAbdI meM ramAeM milI hai, unakA gaDhya kAvya kI dRSTi se eka dama sAdhAraNa hai parantu rAula nAyikA ke namazikha kA varNana karane bAleisa zilA lekha kA gahya kAvyAtmaka dRSTi se bahuta hI sampanna hai| maiya kI paramparA ke kalAtmaka pakSa kA zrI gaNeza isI maiyAM mAnA jA sakatA hai| yaha gayA vayAta kalAtmaka hai| zilA lekha meM yA gaiya bhAga paDva bhAga meM madyapi kama hai parantu jitanA pI hai vaha bahuta hI puSTa aura sazakta hai| AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhityameM gama kAvya kA unmeSa karane vAlI racanA kI candra parita kA varNana prastuta grantha ke baina galya paramparAeM mAmaka 9vavaM badhyAya meM kiyA baagaa| mana kAvya kA prArambha kI racanA se huA hai|prntu 10vIM zatAbdI ke isa ajaina zilA lekha ke gaiya kA parizIlana karane se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki yaha gadya 15vIM bAbUdI meM gaDya kAvya kI paramparA kA zrI gapeza karane vAlI racanA vI bhadragati bhI lagabhaga 400 varSa prAcIna kyA kAvyAtmaka hai| zilA lekha kA mana kalAtmaka tathA tukAnta hai| gakSma kI bhASA meM mAlavI zabdoM kI adhikatA hai| maiya kAya kI paramparA kA utkarSa bIja rUpa meM isa zilA lekha meM mila jAtA hai| isa zilA lekha kA gaddaya jyotirIzvara ke varSaratnAkara ke gahaba kI bhAti sundara pravAhapUrva aura nuvAm / pArA maya kAvyAtmaka tathA pAsa kI dRSTi se mahatvapUrNa hai| isa kRti kA varSa vigAramA mAsikA gopAla varSana karanA mara hai| manaH yaha racanA ajaina keka kI jatyadhika mAra aura prati kA sAmopAya varNana kapa nAdara nara hai, kyAlA le varSa kI jaina paramparAoM kA padhAdhiyoM mapI paricaya hI nahIM milaa| saH inhIM samAmA AdhAra para nArAbA vA sakatA hai| babI bhUmi meM gAya kAvya ke rUpameM upalabdha hone vAlI ramanA kA prazna mizilAlekha kA gaDya bahukha kAvyAtmaka hai| isa

Page #232
200 zilA lekha kA ullekha DA. hajArI prasAda nI divavedI aura zrI harivaMza ko ne apane prandhoM meM giA hai| lekhaka ko yaha zilA lekha hA* motIcandra saMgrahAdhyayA priMsa Apha velsa bambaI ke samaya se prApta huaa|vdrth lekhaka unakA hArdika AbhAra pradarzana karatA hai| zilAlekha ke donoM kone Te hue hai pATha eka dama kaTaphTa gayA hai tathA bIca bIca meM se bhI pasbiyA praSTa ho gaI hai|photto prati (Tempe) he yA bAta hunA hai ki yaha racanA bahuta kAvyAtmaka aura paryApta mahatva kI hai| ranA kA samyAna DA. harikalabha pAyANI kara rahe haiM yA DAmAtA prasAda ne bhI isakA sampAdana apane hI prakAra se kiyA hai, jo zIghra hI vidvAnoM ke sAmane dikhaa| jahA taka isa racanA kI kAvyAtmakatA kA prazna hai, lekhaka ke upamAna maulika hai| zrRMgArika aMza bar3e madhura aura maukika upamAoM ke dRzya prastuta karate hai|vrnnnkaar ne upamAnoM aura utprekSAoM kI mAlA pirovI hai| kA varNana rAuta nAma nAvikA ke sambandha meM hai| yaha bhI saMbhava ho sakatA hai ki rAma nAma kami kA pI rahA ho parantu kavi ke rUpa yaha nAma adhika sArthaka nahIM pratIta hotA aura rAnAbha nAyikA ke rUpa meM hI adhika saMgata baiThatA hai| kavine gama kAsya ke rUpa meM hI pUre gama ko prastuta kiyA hai| AdikAsIna ima ramAoM meM gadyAtmaka cinIkI racanAeM upayogI ,rakako dekhane para yaha spaSTa ho jAtA kimAna vana karane kImatoM paramparA sI thii| bAharaNArtha:varatnAkara jaisI ramAboMgayAtmaka kAnta gahaba ko dekhA kA patA hai| midima mA zakigama ke mahAtmA samayAvadhi gitamI bhI kRtikA mikI meM milatI hai ho ki mahI" - hidI miyI nikA948 I.pU. 22;DA. hamArI prasAda divedI aparAmitva, ga.rikA koNa, pu.5n 1956 -samAu dhaniyA: mAyAmA 1-pAkharaprasArASTa-4makAsakA HiIAvAzyA

Page #233
isa zilA lekha meM kavi ne nAyikA rAula kA nava zci varNana bar3I bhajana se kiyA hai| yahI udAharaNArtha nAyikA ke keza kalAya aura raktima ApA se yukta bhAla Adi ke sambandha meM eka uddharaNa diyA jA rahA hai| varNana meM kahIMkahIM abda kaTa phaTa gae hai para alaMkArika varNana bhASA kI saralatA aura prAsAdiktA tathA upamAnoM kI maulikatA Adi ko isa dRSTi se dekhane se isa gaDya kI sampannatA kA anumAma kiyA jA sakatA hai|yn kA saundarya dekhie:(1) sopahi upari solAha dIna vAna se kisa bhAvahAvisaba mirikA jAyasu kAmba devaha kara naabi| nilAha rakha karata supabAga------ mAna na ucl| so dekhiu Aumvihi karau bAi isa mAvai.. (kevoM ke Upara jo solaDA(melAr3iyoM vAlA Adhuma) diyA humA usakA varNana sA bhAtA hai jaise siMdurika ke rAja Adeza se kAmadeva kara namita kara rahA homakA lalATa rakta varNana kA aura rA (hA yA sundara) hai| usake pramANa---) usase kama U~cA hai usako dekhakara aSTamI kA candramA pesA pAtA hai, (2) para gauDa huI paka ko panu aura vara (1) ...ko (1) IgaMgA bolch| ma mAlavIu ve sudhi Aya kAmbake gAra (vA bhASA vivAe bhuuli| isa bAra mamI DaoNpa kAya ph| (karSa- ai gaura, eka dusarA aura --- kauna aura bora boramA jo kina mAlavIyA re rasakI parivAdI kAmaveva mAno banA hathiyAra mUla mAtA hai| hara kiyA hamArI mI doSa hogaamii|| masa ukharama me H ereii kAvyAtmaka natA kA mAna mI mila vA kA mA prakAzita ho jAne para isake kAvyAtmaka gadya kA sambanumAna lagAyA jA romaa| - - - .-ko racanA kA yaha mAla roga nivA . nAma prasAda munA

Page #234
202 strouters age kA gadyakAvya kI aisI racanAeM AdikAlIna hindI gaiya sAhitya kA zrRMgAra hai| hindI sAhitya kI prAdezika bhASAoM meM aneka gaya racanAoM kA prajana huA hogA parantu AkramaNakAriyoM ke kAraNa yA surakSA ThIka prakAra se nahIM honethA zeSa sAmagrI evaM bhaMDAroM kI samyakU boja nahIM hone se prastuta kA lekha ke pATha se lekara jainakavi mANikya sundara sUri kI ramA pRthvIcandra barita ke bIca meM gadya kAvya mUlaka koI bhI racanA upalabdha nahIM hotii| ata: avadhI, maithilI, aisI rAjasthAnI, tathA braja ke bhaMDAroM kI samyaku zodha hone para bahuta saMbhava hai ki 400 varSa ke isa kAla meM gadUba kAvya kI paramparA kA poSakA dale vAlI aura bhI kaI racanAeM upalabdha hoN| 1 afreeTor gaya kAvya zailI meM likhI ajena racanAoM meM ThAkura jyotirIra ke varatnAkara ko nahIM bulAyA jAsakatA / adyAvadhi 14vIM zAdI kI jitanI bhI jaina maya racanAe~ 14vIM zatAbdIkaipalabdha huIhai unameM koI bhI racanA aisI nahIM ki unake madada ko ratnAkara ke madhya ke samaya rakhA jA ske| maithilI ke ThAkura jyotirIzvara dvArA kisI isa rakSA kA mahama bahuta hI sara, kAvyAtmaka pravAhapUrNa hai| bataH madhya kAvya kI paramparA meM isa rakama kA rhegaa| vastutaH isa uma meM vi prakAracI kI yaha racanA upaladha hai na sambhava hai usI prakAra kI sundara ramAke meM anyanAdezika vibhAgAna mI upa ho| maya kA yaha viSaya pUrvakA hoca kA viSaya hai| kAvya athavA klabava ke hone vAlI isa kona ramA kA mahatva nimnAMkita kucha uddharaNoM se sambhavataH mAnA jA skegaa| ramA prakAzita hai aura prasiddha 010, DI0li0, rIDara hindI vibhAga, prayAga vizvavidyAlaya ke nu se prApna 1- dekhie varanA ThAkU jyotirIzvara praNItA dvArA ki 19400 kI mAra yA bAbU ki|"

Page #235
bhASA zAstrI vidvAna DA0 munI vimAra paTI ne isakA sampAdana kiyA hai| yaha ThAkura jayotirIzvara kI gaDya racanA hai|rcnaa ke varNana prakAroM aura zilpa kI praudatA ko dekhate hue yaha sAja hI kahA jA sakatA hai ki isake pUrva bhI madya kI racanAeM milanA bahuta saMbhava hai nAyikA varNana, rituvarNana, prabAnaka kyA zmazAna Adi bar3e hI praur3ha bana par3e hai| isa prakAra maithilI gadya ko praur3hatA asvIkRta nahIM kI jA sakatI! gadya ke kSetra meM isa ramA kA eka apanA hI mhtvhai| prasiddha viddhavAna sunI tikumAra caTarjI bhI isa racanA ke gadya kI praur3hatA svIkAra karate hai| paithilI gadya ke vikAsa meM yoga me vAlI isa racanA ke gadya kI sampannatA nisa hai| yahI nahIM gaya kAvya zailI meM prati isa racanA kA mahatva 15vI tAdI meM upalabdha zrI mANikya sundara mUri viracita prasiddha gaTya rajanA pRthvIcanda barita se kisI bhI bhAti kama nahIM hai |atH gaya kA sauSThama varNana kI citrAtmakatA, bhASA kA pravAha aura prAsAdikatA kA anuzIlana karane ke lie hI yahA varalAla ke kalAtmaka madyAca udhata kie jA sakate hai jinakI gadgAtmaka puSamA mAlaka iSTi se duSTavya hai| bhAyikA varNana meM paramparita upamAnoM kA saundarya desipa:ujvala komala kohita sama ta bAlaMkAra paMcaguNa saMpUrNa parama akaThina mAra para istra prAya gAna yugala pIna mAra DAkA zroNI dhIra dakhinAva kAkRti nAnibApa mAra ti miti gune samanvita puSTi mA becna vAma mAlAra putva ke pI pune sampUrNa kokaa| kamini nAyikAmadevaka nayara bAla barAmika cAnda basna pur| maka jIrIra aisana kokAka raMga mAna bahamAraka balakA aisana mAka sInA bahana kAna kAra layA ina viranI pAla ji aisana adhara / sameM dAkhila hama vAdAme devaka pAra aisana vAhAmiti (ohita) / "dezira paramAnI .

Page #236
lekhaka ne gasya use bhAvoM kA zaka sUkSma citra prastuta kiyA hai| majhya kA vana prAsAdika hai| varmana kI bAkArikatA racanA ke samakta gadaya kA svarUpa prastuta karatI haiAyikA ke hAsya varNana ke eka udAharaNa meM kavi kA varNana pravAha aura anuprasAtmakatA dekhie: kumuda kunda kAdamba kAsa pAsa mailAsa, kappU pIyUSaka kAni(kAnti) prasArIsana tIra samudraka dakSiNAnile cAlalataraMga dhanaka laharI bharuna amRtaka sarovara taraMgaka sahodara sana zarataka pUrNimA vAmbaka jyotsanA bhaisama abhinava prakazita kamala koSa prasAri zobhA sana kandapaka darpa prakAzana sana lokya nArajana guvajana hRdaya mohana mantrasana, sveda / stambha romAJca svara bhaMga kaMpya vaivayaM apralaya iye Ambo sAtvika bhAva tAka maMDArasana saMyamita yogijanaka mana nidhAna mana pAvalaM unmAdana prakSomana saMyojana sammohana ithe| ina varSoM ke sAtha hI sAtha sekSaka ne prabhAta madhyAnha tyA cyA kApI manohArI varNana kiyA leka kA prAsAdika varNana usakI vama pratibhA aura sUkhama huSTi kA pariNAma hai| dhyA vana kA paka gvArana hogA: mAditya bArakAi savAla ama parati pakatvamA ganimAra mAra karImA mAdityo bhane mApaka kAra kA sara para kA saMcAra moka mabAra raka koThA mahagana bImA yorotriyAnika prAmAmAna naboDAma visobA hama para (ka) saMkoca, pravaraka upama, prAvikA mizrA yoriMga kaukika avAra, gomAjaka bota avanika nA amana amitAbha, mogIjanaka DivatIya bhojakA udaya, poSAka banovAsa sampUrNatA prabhRti manyayA de' isI prakAra meM varSA kAra svamA, ke, mAta, rava gAdi ke kAna maulika upamAna suna kara siriramoM ke dhana ko sammabApa kA, la.. dosarabattyAvara tAzAra baTabI.

Page #237
mahApAna, vastra, jpatika abhiSeka, yUta vaizyA, kaTanI, kApAvasthA,AkhaTa rasa kna, sarovara varNanoM ke vividha 'cima sIce hai| isa gadya kI bhASA maithilI hai jisakI kAvyAtmakatA aura bhASA bama sabalatA dRSTavya hai|bd cayana marala sundara aura paryApta prabhAvazAlI hai| racanA kA vibhAjana lekhaka ne kAloma zabda se kiyA hai aura pratyeka varNana ke nIce usakA nApti sUcaka sUtra khiA hai| __ maithilI bhASA kI isa rabamA ke samakSa rakhI jAne vAlI kAvyAtmaka madhya kI ajhyAvadhi jo jaina racanAeM upalabdha huI hai unameM sabase mahatvapUrNa ranA pazvIndra carita hai jisakA gadya vargaratnAkara kI bhAti vakta hai|maasNkaarik zukmA, upamAnoM kI mAlA, tathA utpAdoM kI chaTA dekhakara koI bhI gyakti pravIcandra carita kI kAvyAtmakatA kA lohA mAna sakatA hai| vastutaH ye dona racanApaM samAna so gadya kAvya kI suSamA meM yoga pradAna karatI hai|' madya kAma hailI meM likhI eka anya lo ki mana rabamA ganma de prabandha milatI haiAramA kI svAlikhita prasi rAjasthAna purAtva mavira kapura meM puravita hai|kaandd' de pradha ke rayitA kavi mAnA hai yaha pUrA na prabandha prAcIna rAjasthAnI meM likhA eka sarasa bhAgavya hai ki parama pUrva meM vi-vAra kara cuke hai pUrA mandha kavi ne padaya meM hI liyA para gaura bIca meM mahA gAba kI pI liyA gayA hai|is racanA ra kAbhyAyAma kA prayoga milA hai| prastuba mahAkAvya kavi ne hI jahA maya kA na miyA usakI kalAtmakatA - pika visvArasiyadema prasAda adhyabAmadanakAyakA rahanAvakA evaM preraka manAhiyoka aNsh| thaMbIraritaviSa vivaraNa ke lie desipa prastuta grantha adhyAya isa rasanAviparicaya kemiya deziya prastuta pandha adhyAyakA nira hAkikA saMbaMdhI aNsh|

Page #238
mI ulleDanIya hai| bhAga kavine atha mAulI zIrSaka ke antargata rakhA hai| madhya ke kAkya choTe, zabda paine tathA sArapUrNa hai| isa kAvya meM prayukta gadaya kI sampannatA kA paricaya prApta karane ke lie kucha vibhinna udUdharama iSTavya hai: (1) kaMThaliyA kiyaa| maMDAra bharIyA / Aloci AtmAnai mAyA / maMtra muhAddhi huI ziva sImamaNa huii| pUrA sugaTa vitrI ne pare ghoDA paatthkyaa| chatrI varga tathA modd'aa| kisyA kiyA ghor3A / -- (2) vizeSa gIva karai / manasyUM baalaa| pavanasyU~ taraha pATIra pana deI taraha (3) (4) 206 (1) ma pani ghara samudra mAhi vasyA kavaTI kyA te ghoDA pRthvI kuratAlA / te rAute cAlate / hastI guDIyA / dUyaSAparIyA / ratha jUtA rAuta baDIyA / samAha lIcA / kisyA kizyA banA jIvAta jIvaramI | baMgarakI / kamI vAMgI / loDa TUTi / chatrIsa daMDA yu hiithii| teDe rAuve calate baMdIjana biradAvalI nola cha / sUrA rAuta baDIyA | hAthI hAthIyAM thor3A ghoDAM / pAThApAlAsyU~ / gAvATakA peDA umA ghATaka |vasthAri mA phATakAnuSa vamA caukAra bhaNItayA aMgAra svAmI dRsstti| isI dUrArApari sauryvRtti| mahArAja kAnhar3a de ke nagara aura baravAra kA varbana kavi ne mama meM bar3I hI saMvAra ke sAtha kiyA hai| varNana kI mAtA ke udAharaNa deviya (t) zrInagara jAkara vaNI racanA kA maDha maMdira moti pAra maTTIyA vAlIyAM dona niva kha yUDIyA kyAtha manAvidhi vAlI mukhyA girI dhAmaMtI | pavivadha kAcabaddha pilIyA rI kAkIvara cUnA lUja / zata bhUmikA sahastra kA bhI vanA / udAharaNa ke lie41-48

Page #239
207 (a) mahArAjadhirAma zrI kAnhar3ade manA pUrI bai hAsiMhAsani pAu paranDi.chai |messvmaa ulaba nAghyA / parIyacha balI ch| ketakInA gaMdha magahIyA cha / borapanA sara gaMdhariya chAimA mAhi merI mehANI daai| jAibeThI vALa pADalanA parimala paMcavarSa puSyavAdinA prakara pAriyA hA mullAmanA gaMdha gAmaDIyA DApaDIyA kapUra pAe baMpAi hAyoga bar3I bAlA pAlImA DAhAthiyAnI pArasI bhApati bAni paDiI kAra navI saMpalADApaMca pada bajima bAvA chaha gilyA pIla ravAvI banA padAvaja ghA~kAra karai nRtyakI pAtra mUlya kA bavita na pira paMcavarSa vAjina bAbA paMcavarSa chatra dharitA hAvAra yiAnA biDa padhi huI mArama pradhAna sAmaMta maMDalIka musTa vardagha zrIparapAvai paramA dhAdikaramA masAraNI bAvarI bAradIyA puruSa vA hA isa prakAra isa mahAkAvya meM prayuksa ina gadyAtmaka udharamoM dvavArA rabamA mana mAga kI sampannatA kA anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai| kAnhar3a de prabandha padmanAbha kI eka prauDha racanA hai jisameM prayukta ina gAMvoM meM bhI pahaba kI pAri bAbAha sabA rakhatA hai| niLa: usa ubarayoM evArA bAkiAtIma ni ma ramAvoM meM maDya sAhitya vikAsa kA mAskavRSTi myAna / acala dAsa bIpI nikA mAvikAsa kI bharamAranAmoM meM bAra bIvI rI baranikA eka mahAtmA kavi pi kavi zivadAra khArA likhI hIranA par3A aura boyoM motirI huI hai|puurii kRti eka

Page #240
208 utkRSTa vIra kAvya hai, jo AdikAlIna cAraNazailI meM gama kAvya kI sarasa vIra gAthAtmaka sukamA prastuta karatI hai|kRti kA gaya paryApta pravAha pUrNa hai| aafterzailI kI kAvyAtmaka zailI hotI hai auraacala dAsa kI yaha vacanikA prAcIna rAjadhAnI ke madhya ke saundarya ko vANI dene vAlI anUThI kRti hai jisakI kathAvastu aitihAsika hai| racanA kI kathAvastu evaM kAvya sambandhI yoM para vistAra meM vicAra isI adhyAya ke pUrva pRSThoM meM kiyA jA cukA hai| yahA isake gaddaya bhAna kA hI mUlyAMkana prastuta kiyA jaaygaa| acaladAra bIbI rI kvanikA meM ThIka usI prakAra kA gaya bhAga milatA hai, jaisA padmanAbhA chata kAmhar3a denabandha-mahAkAvya meM bIca bIca meM gai bhAga milate haiN| isase anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai ki kadAcita racanA meM padya aura gama vailiyoM meM vastuvarNana yA kathA varNana karane kI yaha pravRtti usa kAla meM varNana kI eka viziSTa zailI hI rahI hogii| acaladAsa bIbI rI vacanikA kA gadraya bhAga bhAvAta valevA biradAnakI Adi zIrSakoM ke antargata liyA gayA hai prAcIna rAjasthAnI ke prAcIna jaina jaina kaviyoM dvArA praNIta bAta aura vayanikA zailI kA yaha sAhitya itanA afe hai ki isa para kaI tha liye jA sakate haiN| meM kRtiyoM bAda bAda mIra kvanikA nAma hai yAroM kI saMkhyA meM upaladha hotI hai tathA zA rAjasthAnI sAhitya kI vahI tInoM mAya, yAta mIra kyanikA kAvya yA hai jinameM mahAjana kiyA gayA hai| kADIcI rI vanakA 'gama aura kAvya donoM moM meM mahatvapUrNa hai| kavi ne isa vIra vAkAvya ko jisa prakAra kAvya meM saMjoyA 1- mAhIcI darI manikA kI mIti-acala dAsa bIcI rI bAta" kRti mI hai isakA vivaravandarAjasthAna ke hastalivita prathoM kI boja mAga meM bhI motIlAla menAriyA ne bhI apane grantha rAjasthAnI gAvA aurasAhitya pR0 100 para isakA kiyA hai|naa kI yA baDhI hai| eka do ucaraNa isa prakAra hai:(a) bacata bhara kA uttaravina pUraba bakima kA vivAha mAjhyA ajayapAla kArI rAvana mAvi barana chAyA sAvara pAne kA bAdhAre mALa karavAtA ho rAjA he0Age supara-

Page #241
hai| ThIka usI prakAra kI sthAvastu ko atyanta smIya DhaMga se maya -vAta mI liyA hai| pUrI racanA kI kyA vasa meM lekhaka ne gadya bhAga meM kevala mAtra adha aura pajjAvarSana hI kiyA hai|jauhr varNana kAvya meM kiyA hai| mAda ke antAna ne mAgarona (koTA rAjyake antargata) para bAhara dI acala dAsa parva unake bhaneka bAyogI upakAraka aDdha meM cAroM musalamAnoM ko pAra karavIragati ko prApta hue aura umabhI striyoM ne jauhara kI dhadhakatI vAlA meM praveza kara vIrocita gati ko prApta kiyaa| rAjA avalayAsa pIcI kI usI samasta kI isa ya prazAstui ko cAraNa kavi evaM vAtI leka zrI zivadAsa meM kRti ke kAvya meM auravAtI mAga meM DAlA hai|vrnnv vastu mahaba aura padya donoM moM meM samAna nahIM hai mana meM adhika hai|my aurapadaya donoM paitiyoM meM kavi zrI zivadAsa kI yaha vanikA isalie auramI adhika samaya bana pdd'ii| kyoM ki svayaM zivadAsa apane AzrayadAtA acaladAsa ke sAtha yuipa kara rone vA apane siMhasya sAmAnoM ko vIroktiyoM, garvoktiyoM jyA gatyA bhAna jjhadanAoM se yuddha ke lie prerita kara rahe the| isa vavanikA kA samasta madhya bhAga kRti sekhaka kA bArge dekhA banIva varNana vA prabADa manI savAriyA yasa barasa aura pArAvAzika ART visya mahIM hai| hama kI pAzivAya mI vara sarva kara jyApta havAmAna bahInI miyokti aura mAnava avArarAvAsa yA niSi pAsA liyaa| (a) ekapADA grAmavAlI bhUtavAha mila jApaka baravarita mArA dimAna dinobA aai bAma kArAvAsA panivAkara bAta bote pArasI mAyA pirI bApI mAkhI kyAmA kulI jima karavariyA, baunAbAvimanaugaritAkAlI nihAva, gotA vRhAvA gardai pira rahI kArI rAjIvajIrAvaraMgabIca gauca mahaDimakara gADi raMgalI kAmAbAbA ma bApi mAvi mAlara pama poSa pIvAlAhabAnakA sarAvIkArAvAhikAyAAkobAkA mahAvAparalI kA vikAsakA barIbAlIkAhI bAnI rAma dvApAmahArAbAmiyoM kAbobAvA vaiSIravAra pAlAmAboba bIbI nivAraNa gara, gAya karinAlavalIda agala AbANa camacamI uThAyo madivAbaporomAbIpArAmamahA baDA

Page #242
210 atiraMjanA milatI hai isakA mUla kAraNa kRtikAra kA mUlataH kavi honA hai| usakI aisI kahA kapanA pradhAna atizyoktiyAM kRti ke kAvyAMzoM meM bhI dekhI jA sakatI haiN| racanA meM kavi ne pahale yuddha kI sAja sajjA kA varNana kiyA hai| Adarza vIratA bhI kahalAI jA sakatI hai jabaki prabala ke AkramaNa kA pratyuttarautane hI sakta rUpa diyA jAya | kavi ne apane mAtra dAvA ko pratibandI zatru mA ke sultAna kI senA kA parijJAna karane ke lie racanA meM sultAna kI senA kA varNana paDale kiyA hai| rA ke prArambha meM hI racanAkAra apanA nAma spaSTa kara detA hai| varNana kI prAsAdikatA tathA sarasatA usakI kAvya kSamatA ke sAtha mama suSamA kA paricaya bhI detI hai Azrama dAtA aura kavi jIvana kI ora saMketa karatA hai : / athavAta / / bekasIha ne paaryo|suur siMhA iti bhaavy| sUrakSitA iti kAva paMcAmRta abhI paragarau / mahAdAna Acha / dUdha mAhi sAkAra hai / somo bhara suvaas| eka acala bharauM sivadAsu / cAraNa kahai e vahI vADAI to Apane pA budhaI nahepa varehi ja kAramai / bhamiti rAja sabhA sahita su jisa da gi| kavi kavi kavai jamaii / (8-1) donoM kI kavana dekhakara donoM koM kI zakti kI paravAnA prApta karalIjiye netAna kI nAkA na pahale aura bhavadAsa kI dena meM sar3hane vAle bayogI vA rAjA vRddhi dAsa tathA vibhinna rAja yA hamAre kyAra mara vANa hindu musalamAca / rAva bApa hUM gAr3ane ko burA khoDA smydd'e| jo hUM par3ha poliya govyAra kama unake bakare sau umarI bhare to marI gar3ha AdhArI, rAvA bArI! janma meM inprAdAtmaka madhya kI chaTA dikhAI de rahI hai| vAkya choTe aura vara hai ke kamaroM meM adhika se adhika ani kA saMbhAra hai| racanA bhAjane se pUrNa hai varNana kelI prAsAtkaka evaMjJAvAvika hai| senA ke hi kA numAna vyAyA vA hai|

Page #243
211 rAjAoM kA varNana phira kiyA hai donoM kA tulanAtmaka parva citrAtmaka sarala varNana dekhie: 1 athavAta / / nAvAha kA sainya varNana (1) isI parasyo ka vAlama morI rAjA nAma labamA lavA, ro karavarti |trhe bApU lakhabhA vArA kaTaka bNdhe| kaTakabaMdha rakhaAra Ara pavAra bhagavAna maDAvara / vaDakTaka baMdha mAhi kahi kahi divA mahAdhara kA kahanAmA upamA khAna katai sAma gajanI khAna umarabAna hai bati bAna bAna kA yumIta mAriyA (14-15) (2) dekhakara karaNa karaNa khaTigA naniyA jugara mAMdhAta mAsairida gari vIi nIlahari hareka rAisevi rAnI gaNa paulI paTa ulIva rANI bilAra silAra pura lagaikA kaTaka baMdha mADana dhAra umIna sIDa ura varI saMgIvAya lagai kA kaTaka bNdh|isii eka ke pAsasAha kA kaTaka baMda desa deza kA baMDa kA, nagara nagara kA sAma mIra umarA caturaMga dala baDhi cAlyApAsa mApanA pI patI tAtyA / / (22) / / (3) avara pAtisAha ivAmA mAgilerA bhara mala palerA tyA kA karAvI ilIyA thA dihAhai pAuDAyo tara purakhAna isarata alAuddIna jivi bI gaDha ina kImA eka hI vikaa||24| hindU rAjAoM kA varNana hindU rAma ki kAya makkadI ekatA saMpUrama rAjA gara dAkha bAbA kaTaka baMca cAlavA vAvari mAgila yati pAnI DaDI bAsarI vikramAita (16) kAya kA vaha mAna dini dAva bAriyA vIsa hastI mevi vAlmora Aya bAda rAjA bAvI dona gadimA va upavAtyo kirimA bAda pArikA rAjA vara yA kA suMdara bAlI pAsmo rAjA

Page #244
212 saMprAptA huvA mukAma mukAma kA Dhola vAgA / taba jAyae DUMgara ve dhavala hara dIsiyA lAgA ( 19-31) / rAjA amalezvara se usa samaya chattIsa vaMzoM ke rAjA Akara mile upahAra dene lge| rAjA amala dAsa pradeza kI rakSA kelie sabase pahalI peTa pAlDaNasI se huii| dUsarI bhImA bhoja se| phira dhairyavAna kalyANasI, jara pakSI kvalakSI, kAmADi, ujana, surajana, mera, mahavana Adi sabhI rAjAoM se mile| isa prakAra chattIsa ekatrita hue varNana kI parijana bailI vibhinna rAjavaMzoM ke varNana ke rUpa meM dekhiya godA kAmAhitau rAjA rAjathara solIkyA mAhi cha sabala hADA mAhitI bITa athavama pa klm| 15 vADA va rima malahara choDa mAhita unAtha nAya / vAgaDI va DUMgara kAnDa sAla virahara | dhAvatA va DAgA, syAbodhA isA eka kelA devA kA nAma lIjai / kanekTavara sUtI sadrIya ka mAhitau kavama kavama / rivi sAraMga buru narAma bAbUmA moDi harapati lAlA baica bALa | mATa mAhi kA gAgara tilokakhI, kaDha bAla mAhi mA art nAphA bArahaTa ka lAU ke | isA eka te kevA hekA kA nAma lIjai / koSTa bArasTa kA baiMka isA eka devA devI kA nAma hI kaSTa vaha sUpa chattIsa hI maMdI hI rAjIka eka kii| iloM meM hI nahIM yAra bAka, balAmI liyoM meM svArtha ke prati utpAda chA gayA moTI aura bolI sundariyA apane patiyoM prema ko, unake svArtha ko dekhakara ho gii| bisare va bAra kATA bAra lAma bhojana usa cAlIsa kA ghATa bAda kA lAThI moThI mA praur3hA poDasa vArSa kI rAnI 1 deva baiTha bharavAra kA pUrikAM dekhatI phire hai / (64) sthA meM kavi kA viradAnAta utsAha meM caugunI garmanI kA prayAviriyAvada ke naSTa - va vRddhi kara baiThA thaa| kAra

Page #245
213 mAtA purI kA bamvati lakhama rAba pAritApa utI kA ber3A devasIDa maarimaa| bUMdI kA cakravartI saMgrA sArikA avara devar3A jindU rAya baMdi chor3a isarA mAla de samarajIha sArimA (20-20 (a) isa hiMdU rAjA upakati kAma hai ki mani pAlisA kI ripavArI karana kA mAthA va visIma hai daI chI |unn kI mAi vivAnI kA sAmasa rahai aNI pANI Aja 7 moma sAnala kAnhar3a de mahIM tilA suparitA maDila tu mahIM,sIha urira nasU nhiiN|tth kA rAba hamIra AdhAbhyo (7) acalezvara ke aizvarya kA varNana karane meM kavi vilkula nahIM adhaataa| dUra dUra ke pradezoM meM usakA yakSa prasArita haijasakI bajA tulanA meM koI dUsarA rAjA TiktA hI nhiiN| aklesa kI bhAti to acalesa hI hai| aise acalezvara ko dhanyavAda / jisane mADU ke bAdazAha bhayaMkara lohA liyaa|vrssn kI saralatA aura prabAra. ullekhanIya hai| lekhaka kI AlaMkArikavA vikrama ko aura adhika saka banA detI hai: * pani pani ho rAjA acalesara thArau jI mANipi pAtamA masAra liiyau| teSI pAtamA AyAtari sata paE nahIM. bADa nahIM hI na mAdApAmAra saiSita na hoi tara ve rAjA acalevara mArikhA aba ne barasevA kI hoii|| yasa barasa kina ra vAna pUraba pani lADAmAyA aba pAla nagari rAva isara paki bIparata bolAvarama mAnava pA kA AdhAra kA bakaravaviyana pani ho rAmA gobara bhArata jIvI viSi pAsA ra bAlIvI1) bAdazAhakA kA barobara kI menA para TUTa par3Avana navA dizAeM Done lgii| baraDasanI gardA pUrva ke bama pI durlabha ho ge| na hAthiyoM kA pAra na bor3oM kA utmA aura pravAha dekhira: isA ka rATaka baMdha acalesavara mari lUTAbATa garama Ithama bUTAAdA kA pApI hA paravA ziri lAmA, jATa baabaa| bhara mAsi bhAgAvara vara pAika kina pArAvAramorI rAva gira . bhArata kA pahADAce pAvaha ga sTaka baMdha hAiko mAta

Page #246
/ aba biridaabh|| jyamanTana "bAra sAhi riTamAhi vimAra baliyA sahi *dhi dAta sabalA hi bhAna paravAna nivala sAhithApanA bArijAsaMgrAma bAhi jaga tharina pAnA mAhi jaisa parivAra dvArI alAvadIna kisa paki prAraMmi pArami bhAi Tikyo hai|| pami pagi pAhi pAli istI kI gjghttaa| tI pari sAta sAkha jodha dhanakadhara sAvaThAsAta sAta uti pAika kI baiThI sAta sAta uhi bAika kI rhii| DA Dina puda pharArI muha paki ThI tthaatthaarii|isii ekalyA pATa uhi patra disI pddii|timii vApita ninAdi gharamAkArasa pdd'ii|paap bApa ho thArA mata deva ahaMkAra rA rAmamahAra 18-1) isa prakAra kaI dinoM taka kara apaca calatA rahAArata kI nadI gA maIyuddha sthala imarAna ho ge| mila maMDarAne lge| rASapUrvI asApAla goDyA pArana siMha ne yA hI marakara prApa de kI pratijJA kI pezI madhi ko bAra bAra ghor3I hI mila sakatI hai aura isI taraha bhayaMkara mArakATa kara zava pelane pAhavAsiMha kSetra rhe| rAva kA dava para mAyAvarSana kI kApikavA evaM vIra nAvinAzinI / unnIsa : isI parityA maga kAra bhAratI DAnTamI pAraNa mAga dhI tyA dArImaNTamI gAra gANI bApa kI gADi bharako baarikaadyaa| kimAnA / rAta dinati pImA viraganA nabI pAhilyAmAbarasa bani bnaayo| sire bolo mI.pAnI bArAmA apalesavara pravi vIpa mAra mAI ila prA pADalI bAra baar| 4-5) mA punAratha kI yaha mAkhana kA bI kIra kA piMDavi vipinA * mahApaura bImArilo auja nArI hogI kIbaha pArAvIpAra para parAminI

Page #247
bAliga badala gADilAnA ApanapoM nirakAhI mUDhA vija14-0| (6) titara bolato hI huvI rAjA abalesavara ko hai bhAiho yA nA tumne kahI cha cAlatI baDabaDImAra mani na huI eka hI pahI yA nau / bhavAnI Asa jyA jAgI tyo paro AsapAsa--- 100 ( piNi kadhIra na bIpahanaka hai e ho ma jIpadAma hai ziva sAtisama jati sila hArayo bIvI pakaDi e bar3I bar3A hai vaSa mdi| ina manhe dhUvA kI gaila mraa| mAI bApa bIbarA bIna parava barA aba yo abhimAna kAma kii| isako sata va ahaMkAra na hamahU saMgara () (5) kA kAira purisa hai do kI hI kAuminAthArai kImI pAge pAla galagaha na bAlApAnama bI malA malA lokaga kA kyA krnaa| cAra mAbhanyA Asu puchi mAtA DIyauvivAga bADIga bAI -prithimI pravipi yo yo galI mAraha bAra duritApa morI rAnA sara kiinyau|maan sI puhaviriyo pani saMgalyA saramiAlipi belA kI yA parI rA rAi rokna kami -.) sadadha meM vIramati pAne para rAniyAM kyA apanA mAla sama va mozoM hAtha regii| yi galA relayAnA mI bAvApAnI batA para yA aura unakA vAsino sahI uttara hogaa| mA simAja kIranoramArApIra parapara bhI ko bapiya gAlAvoM bauhara kaNalI bAra maurI mAdA kI saakiibii| mA garIba gAyomArana kI sAmagrI kyiA sira: pAnI kaukabAre bAkI ho hIroTi devatA hita zirapahAra tI mAre gama nA ho au minA bAma mA pAvasAmA mAinomayI bokA govAisa pariyAra ra gauma bAhirirInAra kA sAmAna dilAI riva

Page #248
bhari rASA bhIra dhau kA pari jauhara bAAblUi DarA jikA vAsa mI dUI va tyA mhe pUrI kari dikhAnApUrI huI evaM tyA punare pi bAhaDi mAno basa biMDA va timI kAraNa charituvameM gaDa mAnala bhASaNa mana yahi basAi moli rAjA abalesavara kA rAja hoka ityo bhAi maraNa bAlI rasALAI vInai pusa nai i kintA kyA kAma bisaa| rAjA agala dAsa kI jauhara karane kI batAI gaI ukta samiyiAntrita kiyA gyaa| bhayaMkara yuddha meM bhI rAjapUtoM ke mArI abaladAsa vIragati ko prApta rAniyoM meM jauhara ke meM kUda kara apane AtmasammAna kI khA kii| pArA sI ke marane hI samasta anta:pura meM bokA gyaa| varmana kI baratatA dekhie: * mukha mAu nImakha nadIma nIsA iva maja ghaTAna phUTai pAmA pAvala bAipArI dhIrau kahA rAmAmokalI pApi gayo bolyoM na jAgI ho hI rhyo| na jApA mAvaLa pADalyA rikyau hI uhI pIra mare ihI pArasI parIkSAko parIcha rAjA balevara ko bhAI ho sabarI rahI hamArI nArI ra rAmA asara pAra ho sabarI hamArImAlI parIkSA mAra bhoka mahArAja tAbaDa bAI kA bhoga * kI kAyA aba kI baa| yaha vAIvA pAIrAmA molakI vaarnn| sakata hI parivAra hai ki pAra pArasI parIchAnI parI nahIM mbaar|| pApasIpI bahAlI kI mAlI hA pANI pAtyo sApa hAvIrI ganita-Lal hai aura rAma yudadha kA samAhAra jauhara meM jAkara manA hai| kaSi me maya gauravamayI prastuta kiyA ma urato ibArA rakhanA ko mAmilA, bAgariyA, na bokna bAlasA evaM cAra miyA para hogI sImeka bAba mmA aura nikA

Page #249
217 saMjJaka kRtiyAM rAjasthAna ke bhaMDAroM meM anekoM upalabdha hotI hai| 15vIM zatAbdI ke antima dazaka meM yaha vacanikA jaimevara gama kI aprakAzita evaM pratinidhi racanA hai| niSkarSa:- AdikAlIna ina ajaina racanAoM ke adhyayana se yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki ye upalabdha racanAeM kAvya tathA maya donoM kI dRSTi se bahuta hI sampanna hai| pravandha kalpanA, gavaya kAvya kI svahanIyatA, bhASA kI saralatA, caritra citraNa, artha gAMbhIya, varmana sauSThava, prAsAdikatA kAvyAtmakatA tathA rasAtmakatA Adi sabhI dRSTiyoM se me kAvya atyanta mahatvapUrNa hai| yadyapi AdikAlIna jainevara kAvya aura madhya racanAeM saMkhyA meM vaha hai, parantu phira bhI bhAva aura kalA donoM poM meM jaina racanAoM se bhI adhika sampanna hai| inakI samma bodha batyAvazyaka | eka Avazyaka bAta yaha bhI hai ki ve racanA sAmpradAyikatA se bhI alaga hai| se ajaina kRtiyAM buddha bAhityika saMstha kI dRSTi se likhI gaI hai| isa prakAra braja, avadhI, maithilI, prAcIna, rAjasthAna, jUmI gujarAtI aura braja ke paMDAroM kI samyak zodha hone para isa AdikAlIna anaina sAhitya ke aura bhI grantha milege, aisI mAtrA hai|

Page #250
dvitIya bhAga

Page #251
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - adhyAya adhyAya -6 - . AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya kI pramukha-kAma paramparAeM

Page #252
219 arfarota hindI jaina sAhitya kI (1) pramukhakAvya paramparAeM PRFFFX PF d PPTET AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA usake svarUpa ke vaividhya kI hai| yaha vaividhya varNana paramparA, cheda rAga, kAvyapa Adi pIpa meM dekhA jA sakatA hai| ina sabhI kAvya syoM kA vibhAjana nIti prakAra se kiyA jA sakatA hai: (1) AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya kI (2) AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya kI (2) (3) mAdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya kI (3) (4) bhAvikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya kI (4) ) pramukha kAvya paraMparAeM gauNa kAvya paramparAeM stavana kAvya paramparAeM gaTya paramparA / (1) pramukha kAvya paramparAeM : prastuta paramparA meM jitanI jaina racanAeM adyAvadhi upalabdha huI hai unameM usakA meM ghar3I mahAkAvya kI saMjJA se koI abhihita nahIM kI jA sktii| ataH ina/racanAoM ko ekArtha kAvya kahA jA sakatA hai vartha ve kAvya, jo eka ora to kAvya kI sImA se Upara uThe hue hai, auradUsarI ora vistA parisara aura prabaMdhAtmakatA kI iSTi se unheM baiDakAvya meM bhI hotA hai| bhAvoM ko vor kAvya hI sabakA jAnA ki ina nAmoM meM ki kisI gaI hai| inameM rinoM kA pinAnA koTa, gaukiyA kaya vaiziSTaya mAdI pUrNa kara bhI mahAkAvya nahIM kahA sktaa| aise 6 meM iMgArika kAvya, baritakAvya mAyAkA bAdi likhe hai| devI mahatvapUrNa racanAoM meM prabandha aura prema prakAra kI jAtI hai| hama raktAyoM kA vajana paramAnavaka kAvya paramparA meM racA gayA hai| racanAoM ko hai ki me kAvya vimonoM indiyoM se pramukha hai

Page #253
sAtha hI inake zilpa meM apekSAkRta paryApta paripakvatA hai|in kRtiyoM kA vargIkaraNa va pradhAna- prabandha kAvyoM kyA viSaya pradhAna prabandha kAvyoM meM bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai| donoM prakAra ke kAvyoM kA pramukha adhyayana nimanAkita kyoM meM prastuta yiA jA rahA hai:(a) rAsa (ba) phA (sa) sampAdikA gA caupaI (2) varcarI (ka) prabandha (sa) carita (ga) vivAhalI (1) sandhi (40) pavAko (ca) kakka maatukaa| (2) gauNa kAzya paraMparAeM: divatIya paramparA gauNa kAvya kI hai| ye kAvya bahuta hI mahatvapUrNa tathA maulika hai parantu prabandhAtmakatA, paTamA kautuhala vA bastuzilpa kI puSTi sAmAnya hai| hA kAvya yo tathA vaividhya kI dRSTi atyanta mahatvapUrNa hai| aisI saba racanAoM kA adhyayana gauNa kAdhya paramparAoM ke stargata liyA gayA hai| isa gauSa kAvya paramparA ke antargata Ane vAlI raktAoM ko pI chanda pradhAna aura viSaya pradhAna vargoM meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai| isa rakanAoM meM pramukha gamana hai:- va pradhAna- dohA, saba, adhyaka, remA gAbhA Adi viSaya pradhAna:- inaravanAoM pramukha mahAtmya pora, paTTIvalI.bArahamAga balArA, sambodha aura vAya bAdhita (2) sakna gabdha paraMparA bIbarI paramparA bhavana kAyoM kI sAmya paramparA meM Ane vAle kAkA mI apanI pravara kli fo tsa pramukha kAya kama isa prakAra:( utthA soca (1) stavana (5) bolikA (6) stuti (7) vInaMtI Or (1) sakAra(10) prazasti (1) sanbhAya mAdi

Page #254
(1) pramukha kAvya paraMparAeM eMva pradhAna ja- rAsa ba- phAgu isa vargIkaraNa ko nimnAMkita resA citra dvArA spaSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai: (4) paramparA: isake antargata na gaya sambandhI kRtiyoM kA adhyayana prastuta kiyA gayA hai| sa- catuSpadikAyA vaupaTTa 6. carvarI yA baccarI viSaya pradhAna ka- prabaMdha sa- carita 221 - vivAhala gha- sandhi u0- pavAr3o ca- kakkamAkA (2) gauma kAvya paraMparAeM T saMda pradhAna --- 1-doDA 2 kAvya ukta sabhI kAvya kyoM kA adhyayana (1) kA paramparAeM (5) gauma kAvya paramparA yA (3) ramana kAvya paramparA (4) viSaya pradhAna 1- mahAsmya 1-dhIra 3- paTTAvalI 3-chappaya 4- relaA 4- bArahamAsA 5-gAthA Adi 5- talaharA (2) stavana kAvya paraMparAeM (4) gadyaparaMpa " utsAha 6- sambodha 7- saMjAda Adi meM: prastuta pratha 1- gI 3- svoja 4- stavana 5- bolikA 6- smRti *- vInaMtI 8- kalavA 9- namaskAra 10- pravi 11- sajyAya paraMparAvAdi pAro macyAyoM ke banata kiyA gayA hai|

Page #255
222 : rAsakAvya: rAma paramparA atyanta prAcIna paramparA hai| isa paramparA ko sampanna banAne bAlI rAsa saMzaka raMcanAeM bahuta hI vizAla rUpa meM prApta huI hai| rAsa paramparA kA adhyayana karane ke lie isa tIna bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA jaasktaa| saMskRta kAla yA prArambhika kAla, apakSa kAla kyA apapatara kaal| ina tInoM kAnoM meM rAma ke mAna damDoM meM vibhinna prakAra kI parivartana dikhAI par3ate hai kyA isI paramparA meM rAma, rAsaka, rAsA, aura rAsoM Adi kaI baDdoM kA nirmANa hamA hai| rAsasAhitya ke isa vikAsa kA amana atyanta mahatvaparSa ba rokA pratIta hotA hai| pAtIya sAhitya meM yahA~ taka rAsa zabda kI upalabdhi kA prazna hai, yaha bahuta hI prAcIna lagatA hai| saMskRta kAla meM "rAsa gaDa kA paricaya purAna sAhitya se hI upalabdha hone lagatA hai| rAsa paramparA ke ina tInoM kAloM ko dRSTi meM rakhate hue rAbavatkAlIna svarUpoM, vivAnoM dvArA kI mAM usakI vibhinna pariNAmI, yA rAsa uttarottara babane pAle mAna kanDoga adhyakama karane meM vinimaya banAna logoM kI sahAyatA milatI hai| unakA pitA vina lAhi . sarva prathA para puni meM jAne nATya ta mA ullekha kiyA hai| rAga va kIDA mRtya svara ra umhoMne kahAnI kA hai.' pAramArita nATaka samAnArthI zabda gallImA ma prayoga pilAnA boksiAnoM kA sAtha sAtha kIr3A kale kA ulle . - -- - - - - 1. mAdala bAbA narani-kIr3anIpicchAyo / ..ri pAnAtI . devara. 4-4. kAbA bApAvaramAdi mAgovA- borinamAkendra rogomavAnAmuno bhIga sakA upa- mhaa|

Page #256
223 "harivaMza purANa aura viSNu purANa meM bhI rAsa" zabda kI ora kucha saMketa mila jAtA hai| dhanaMjaya ne apane dakSa spaka maiM rAsa para prakAza DAlA hai| mahArAja bhoja ke sarasvatI kaMThAbharaNa aura aMgAra prakAza meM bhI rAsa saMjJA kA ullekha milatA hai| isa ukta vivecana meM hallIsaka zabda vizeSa dRSTavya hai| hallIsaka zabda ke sAtha mAsa ke nATaka aura purANa sAhitya meM gopa gopikAoM kA sAtha honA aura krIr3A karanA to spaSTa hotA hai para anya saMgItAtmakatA athavA usake anya kisI free janya vaiziSTaya kA ullekha nahIM miltaa| ataH yaha lagatA hai ki ina granthakAroM ke samaya rAsa kriyA zArIrika avayavoM se sambandhita jana mutya yAkrIr3A mAtra thI / vastutaH usa samaya rAma kA sIdhA sambandha purAtana mulya mAtra se rahA hogaa| saMbhAvanA hai ki Adima nRtya bhI isI rAsa kA eka rUpa rahA hogA yaha bhI saMbhava hai ki saMgIta ke tatkAlIna zastrIya niyamoM ke vidhAna kA abhAva hI isakA mUla kAraNa rahA ho| jo bhI ho, yaha spaSTa kahA jA sakatA hai ki usa kAla meM yaha jama nRtya yA gamya nRtya athavA loka nRtya vizeSa ke rUpa meM pracalita rahA hogA / eka bAlocaka ne isI sambhAvanA para rAsa zabda kA artha bora se cillAnA spaSTa kara use jaMgalI yA bhAma puruSoM kI zArIrika kriyA yA bamba nRtya batAyA hai| settes zabda kI vyAkhyA va vyavakRti aneka saMskRta ke vidvAnoM ne kI hai| rAma gautama, krIr3A va saMgIta kA samaya bitAne vAle aneka vidravAnoM ne 1- devi harivaMza purAnaH viSNu parva badhyAya 10- (1) parva kRSNa gopInA vArakRtaH / (kAkrI pazya tI bahubhiH svImi : krIma saiva rAsa kriidd'aa| 2. vivecana meM vimAna TImakAra ne bAla ur3ada kA artha saMbhavataH rAsa kiyA hai viSNu -60 uhAharU(1) rarAsa ca goSTI mildAra hariyo hari govinA rAma manDalyU dAvA pra0 149044 meM zrI kaMkar3a kI yaha ukti ra (RAS) * vimA It is not to be derived from (RAS), but from (Raan) a reet which means to cry alone, which may refer to be very prinitive form of this dance when the propertion of masie a artistic movements may not have been still realistic and when it must have been practised as wild dance."

Page #257
rAsa ke zilpa kA vivecana kiyA hai jisase rAsa ke uttarottara parivartita hone vAle kapa kA paryavadhana kiyA jAsakatA hai|vstutH yaha illIsaka rabda vibhinna vidvAnoM ke dvArA bhinna bhinna arthoM meM prayukta kiyA gayA hai jisameM "rAsA meM aneka navIna tatvoM kA samAveza hotA hai unakA saMpa meM vivecana isa prakAra hai| (1) bANa maTTa ne apane samaya taka rAsa meM nRtya kA Ayojana honA batAyA hai| isa tarA ke viziSTa nRtya ke AyojanoM ke pramAna parita aneka mita jAte hai| rAma ke ina bhanDaloM ko harivaMza purANa ke TIkAkAra ne jisa prakAra cakravAka kI zAdI hai usI prakAra nAgabhaTTa ne rAsaka maNDala ke lie bAva zabda ko upamAna junA hai| isa prakAra ina udAharaNoM se spaSTa hotA hai ki bApa ke samaya rAma ityA ana sAdhAraNa meM pracalita ho gayA hai|atH bApa paTTa ne ise eka upasmaka vizeSa kahA hai| (1) kAma putra ke praNetA vAtsyAyana ne bhI lIka athavA paraka nalya ke sAtha gAna ke Ayojana kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai|' pAvaprakAzakAra garabAsamaya ne rAsaka ke nRtya Ayojana meM nAyikAoM kI saMkhyA kA vidhAna kiyA hai| usakA kahanA hai ki pinDI baMdha ke sAtha nAyikA 10 yA kI masyA meM koya karatI hai, merA ho|' (M) abhinava guNotva kiyA bAma, usI ko illImA hai|' rAsaka ko usa maka bApa mApada meM likigA -bhAva-prasthAnapAkiA-aura-vihArAmA tIsakasIvi rAmonTI pravI ni-yAni isa pariNAma ke bAyapATa - . 76 . -au -bA-DA. vAsudevAra apavAla- caturva adhyaay| ekIkaDIla 4. rohA pravAha garimannatyanti mAsikA pihI diyA rAMDavA-bAbA-zAravAsanA . . . . .

Page #258
225 3. inameM saMgIta tatva kA pUrNa samAveza hai| 4- nRtya aura abhinaya bhI inameM pradhAna hai| (v) DallIkSaka ke viSaya meM eka saMketa yazodhara kRta kAmazAstra kI jayamaMgalA TIkA meM mila jAtA hai vaha "maMDala meM hone vAle striyoM ke usa nRtya ko jisameM eka nAyaka hotA hai, hallIsaka kahatA hai aura pramANa meM vaha gopiyoM bahari kA udAharaNa detA hai|' hemacandra ke kAvyAnuzAsana (50 445-446) meM illIsaka aura rAma zabda kA ullekha mila jAtA hai| upadeza rasAyana rAsa ke TIkAkAra ne rAsaka ke zilpa kI saralatA ke sambandha meM batalAte hue likhA hai ki "varcarI aura rAsaka ye prAkRta prabandha itane sahaja va sarala hai, ki isa para koI bhI vidvAna puruSa ina para TIkA nahIM likhanA cAhatA / " 2 (vi) zrI madbhAgavata ke to pAca adhyAyoM kA nAma hI rAsa paMcAdhyAyI hai|' abdula rahamAna ke saMdeza rAsaka meM rAma kI jagaha rAsaya yA rAstA milate hai jo saMbhavataH rAsaka kA hI apabhraMza hai| zubhaMkara ne gopa krImoM ko hI rAma kahA 4 hai aura jaya deva to rAsa harihara sarasa vartate hI kaha DAlate haiN| (VI) upadeza rasAyana rAmra ke TIkAkAra ne rAga yA gItoM kI bhAMti gAyA jAne vAlA bhI batAyA hai, jisase spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki prAkRta bhASAma saMjJaka prabandha paryApta sarala hote the aura ve de maiM racI gaI barbarI aura bhASA meM aneka rAgoM meM gAe jA sakate hai| TIkAkAra meM usane aneka chaMdoM kA honA bhI batAyA hai|" rAsaka dhanda ke vanoM kA vistRta vivecana bATa me aura spaSTatA se kiyA hai| jisake kuvAra meM parivAma nikAle jA sakate haiM: 1 2 rI ki vRttinAtha prAyaH kopi vizva strImA netA madevako gopastrIvAM yathA hariH 3-zrI 4- govAnI krIr3A matyapi - 5 6 trapaiTikAko mAtrA pova pAyagA: sarve citra tAla laya nviyAcA (bAgapa: kAvyAnuzAsana, pR0 180) rAme mI vida malA

Page #259
226 1- rAsaka masaNa racanA thii| 2. isameM aneka nartikAra hotI thiiN| 3- yaha udhata geya upaka thaa| 4- aneka tAloM se samanvita hotA thaa| 5. isameM eka nizcita laya hotI thI, tathA - kIr3A karane vAle yugaloM (lohiyoM) kI saMkhyA 4 taka hotI thii| geya rAsaka ke vikasita svarUpa ko usa kAla meM "rAga kAvyA kI saMjJA dI gaI thii| gairamanI prAkRta meM bhI rAsa sAhitya kA unle milatA hai parantu yaha AdhAra yukti saMgata nahIM pratIta hotA ukta samasta vivecana illIsaka, rAma aura rAmaka zabdoM ke saMskRta kAlIna svarUpa varSa aura paribhASA ko samajhane ke lie kiyA gayA hai| rAma aba si prakAra kAlAntara meM apanA bilva parivartana karatA gayA, isake RSika vikAsa adhyayana meM yuvidhA ho, isI dRSTi meM saMskRta kAla ke pramukha vidvAnoM ke vividha udAharaNoM ko prastuta karanA ucita pratIta emaa| rAma ke saMskRta kAla meM kA bApa ke carita meM rAsakA balIla vivecana milavA bImAlIrAma payAmi kA unle bhI Aar hai| usakA makAnoM havArA unake sAkhi premiyoM ko, binA vika mA bipA, bAlIka paba mAne kA upAya gamavArImA sambandha meM mIki uDamaka ilIna bAra pAsa nAna pratya vizeSa ilI zivanamArAsa tyAvara tI nutya ina donoM kI 1-mAra prayoga rAnA vidhimA mAnA nivAsa sma-macannAkAvyAnuzana * 449 // bArabarAtI hara liTobara-pI0ema.bI.pu.80 -galAgalI ko mAlAmanyo viTAmA kamImavAyalI rA

Page #260
227 paramparAoM meM sambhavataH kisI samaya paraspara sambandha ho gyaa| para yaha tathya kahA taka satya hai, yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA, isa sambandha meM anya koI anya pramANoM aura anutiyoM kA bhI abhAva hai| ina donoM bAtoM maiM illI taka ke udgama bAlI bAta to saMdigdha hI vivAIpar3atI hai, kA yaha avazya kahA jA sakatA hai ki rAsa nRtya kA sambamba saMbhavataH kisI jaMgalI jAti athavA goSa jAti se athavA mahIroM Adi se ho gayA ho| jo bhI ho, aba taka itanA avazya spaSTa ho gayA hai ki bANa ke samaya taka rAsa meM nRtya ke sAtha maiya tatva ghUrNatayA pracalita ho gayA thA aura illIsaka yA rAsaka ke zilpa meM ukta sabhI faarat ke vicAroM meM yugala, layo tAloM aura gopa gopiyoM kA sambandha parilakSita hotA hai| ataH rAsa ke amaMda kAla ke pUrva mukhya krIr3A kapa aura gema rupa DI adhika pracalita pratIta hote haiN| zrI madbhAgavata meM kaI varjita kaDe sthala rAma ke meva rUpa kI puSTi karate hai| rAsa zabda kA prayoga bhI dRSTavya hai tathA kucha zlokoM meM to racanAkAra ne rAsa meM saMgIta va rAgoM kA ullekha kara diyA hai| pada rAga para bhAgavatakAra ne usa prasaMga meM prakAza DAlA hai| 1 saMskRta kAla ke pazcAta rAmra meM ina gA~voM kA samAveha dina taka banA rahA, yaha kahanA bahuta kaThina hai tathA sAtha hI yaha bhI nahIM banA usake zilpa meM ukta tatvoM se itara kina anupAta meM, para itanA avazya kahA thA skAI ki bAkI kaI yoM kA banAveza huA, aura vaha bhI kiya ka 1- nahI grantha 32-23 / (a) banA rame mIniMdo kIr3A (4) rAmotsava saMpravRtto gopI (4) vinAko rAsa zrI mahamAgataH 3-3 - 3 (a) skimararamA ya yA virejuH vahIM // 8|| maga mArga va vaDavadAtaH vaDI / loka 10 //

Page #261
228 2 (jaba taka ki rAsa rAsaka, apabhraMza kAla meM nahIM pahuMce) usameM ukta tatvoM kaha samAveza AMzika athavA spaSTa aspaSTa anupAta meM avazya milatA rahA hai| saMskRta kAla ke isa rAsoM kI paramparA kI eka mahatvapUrNa kar3I rAjasthAna meM upalabdha vikrama saM0 962 kA ripuhAraNa rAsa hai| jo adyAbadhi upalabdha rAsoM meM sabase purAnA hai aura yaha rAsa saMbhavata: hemacandra se bhI bahuta pahale kA hai| saka ke zilpa para rAjasthAna meM upalabdha hone vAle rAmroM meM prAcInatama hone se yahI acchA prakAza DAlatA hai, para abhinaya, nartana aura gAna ye tIna tatva ripuhAraNa meM bhI milate haiN| ata: rAjasthAna meM milane vAle rAsoM meM prAcInatA kI dRSTi se bhale hI isa rAba kA mahatva ho, para zilpa meM isakA koI navIna yogadAna nahIM lagatA / aisI sthiti meM apabhraMza va jayavevara se do kAla hI aise haiM jinameM rAkhI ke aneka prakAra mileN| rAya meM vizAla saMkhyA meM vividha mAna baDha prastuta kale vAle rAsa grantha upalabdha hue hai| jinake zilpa meM saMskRta tathA prAkRta ke rAta granthoM kI apekSA adhika pragati va nUtanatA hai| rAi, lakuTA yA laDDA rA upadeza rasAyana rAsa ke pakSa meM vAlA mAmaka do prakAra ke rAkhoM kA ullekha milatA hai| karpUramaMjarI meM bhI vAlA rADa aura lar3aDA rAta kA hai| DA0 0pI0 mAnela ne vAliyara bA kI eka peMTiMga meM citrita DA rAya kA varNana kiyA hai| isase yaha spaSTa 1- dekhie, madhyAravI, varSa 4 aMka 3 meM khivAra rAma nirvaNaH DA0 vara zarmA, 5057 1. vAI 1951 meM bIke kA vikAsa- DA0 dazaratha zamI 3- bAlArAha viditi svaviti vimatidi kA viDi02006 damya mAbovIsadi rAmro (11) kaDA khu bahi puriva vivi mAvi ra maMjarI 4 / 10-20 / 4. bedI 4- We now come to the fourth s eene plate D. consisting of a double group of female musicians. The left hand group comprises seven women standing around an eight figure, evidently a dancer. The next three musicians are each engaged in beating a pair of vooden atteks called dania in Hindi and Tipri in Marathi, Painting by br. 3.Ph. Vogel. Page 49-51.

Page #262
hotA hai ki apabhraMza kAla meM rAma krIr3A meM tAliyoM aura iMDiyoM meM khelane kI prathA pI prabalita ho gaI thii| kAlAntara meM rAma kIr3A ke sambandha meM yaha bhI ullekha milatA hai ki jaina mandiroM meM zrAvaka Adi loga rAtri ke samaya meM tAliyoM ke sAtha(bAla dekara) rAyo ko gAyA karate the| usameM jIva hiMsA kI saMbhAvanA ke kAraNa rAtri meM nAlA rAma kA niveza kiyA gayA hai| isI prakAra dina meM pannoM kA striyoM ke sAtha DA rAsa karane (iMDiyoM ke sAtha nRtya karate hue rAma mAne) ko bhI anucita banAyA gayA hai| jaina mandiroM meM rAmavIM zatAbdI ke jAne' eka mahatvapUrNa bAta yaha bhI hai ki upadezoM ke gaiga moM ko bhI, jo jaina muni prastuta karo the, rAkha kSA dI jAne lgii| upadeza rasAyana rAma meM jimadatya pUri ke aneka meya upadeza rAkha bana gae hai| strI aura puruSoM ke eka sAtha rAsa nahIM calane ke jo ullekha mile haiM, unase yaha bAto spaSTa ho hI jAtI hai ki rAma kiyA ayaMsa aura aparivara kAloM meM strI puruSa donoM vargoM meM samAna utsAha ke sAtha sampanna hote aura rAma vizeSa avasaroM para janatA ullasita hokara lI thii| mahA mRtya aura gIta tatya rAhoM meM samAna anupAta se vIM batAdI takadekhane ko milatA hai| yahI mA prAma bAlAki kityanArI, katAra meM rAma mAtra yo smgaa| mRtya kiyA kyoMki ho ma. kAraNa rANe ramA parizIlana ra mila nAmA hai| mapavira kA na gina upadezoM ko dekha bhAga meM mara pApAraNa ko mAgAra mA, unakI sITI mIyoM aura parIkSaka upadezAtmaka ramAe pore pore rAja banatI gii| gAnoM ko ma pradhAna bIvana bitAne se vizeSa gayA aurarAma saba niyanI rAya rakhanA par3atA thA ataH mRtya kA batva poregara gine mA paramparA ke kAraNa ve mIDiyA inI panI homa -- mAgi ...m- marada mAhAkAla ... mana jinezvara rikavAvaka bahU raviDa bambakatvamAipaI

Page #263
230 pracalita huI ki jana mAnasa rasamaya ho uThA, aura mRtya ko loga upekSA kI dRSTi se dekhane lage yathA karpUra maMjarI meM vicitra bandha meM tAla laya prakampana ke AdhAra para nRtyAbhinaya karatI huI nAyikAoM kA varNana milatA hai|' ina martakiyoM kI samabAhu samAna Adi aneka bhinna bhinna mudrAmoM kA bhI ullekha milatA hai| vastutaH 11vIM batAbdI taka pahuMcate pahuMcate rAma geya kAvya" mAtra raha gyaa| kyoMki ina gItiyoM aura barbariyoM ko hI janasAdhAraNa meM atyanta adhika pracalita dekhakara jaina muniyoM ne upadeza kA mAdhyama cunA aura ye varSariyAM aura nItiyA~ itanI adhika prasiddha huI ki inake nAmoM se vibhinna chedoM kA nirmANa ho gyaa| kAlAntara meM barbarI aura gIta nAma se svataMtra cheda hI bane ge| aba janatA ina rAmroM ko selane kI apekSA zravaNa karane meM adhika rasa lene lagI aura isIlie zravyakAvya kI utpatti kA kAla 11vIM zatAbdI kahA gayA hai|' AlocakoM ne isa kathana kI puSTi bhI kI hai ki inhIM upadeza bahula rAsoM ke kAla meya rAma kevala antataH zrabya rAsa mAtra raha gae, mRtya se nakA saMbaMdha sarvathA vichinna ho gyaa| 11vIM zatI taka to rAsa rAsaka kI yaha sthiti rhii| para Dema ke samaya taka jana mAnasa meM rAma ko rUpaka kA rUpa de diyA aura aisA lagatA hai ki tatkAlIna vastu sthiti ko dekara DI hemacandra meM prema kAvya ke rAsaka ko taiya are ke eka mevoM meM se mAnA hai jisakA usake Upara kiyA uddhata aura mitra ke tIna meda the| ina tInoM ke jA cukA hai| mana unhoMne hombikA prasthAna, DiMga, bhASikA, preraNa rAmAjI iskI eka, goSTI Adi upaveda kapa 1- sAhityalAI 1951 para bhI DA0dazaratha mokA kA rAso ke artha kA krama vikAsa- deva 2- karpUra naMbarI / 4 / 1-11 kA yaha rava mAthA rehA vibudhA bhavarAu diti / do me paroparaM sAnuDI huvNti|| 3--ilAI 1951 - rAtrI ke kAkramika vikAsa-leva / 4- vahI baiMka, vahI lekha |

Page #264
231 hai|inmeN rAsaka aura hallIsaka gvadhana geya upaka ke antargata Ate hai| inameM uddhava tatva kA samAveza adhika thA aura amRNa kA Azika / ata: anumAnataH yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki rAsaka aura tIsaka meM upasvatAvatva kI adhikatA ho jAne ke kAraNa usakI krIDA yArAsa janya jilpa meM varSa yAvIratva samAviSTa ho gayA hogA aura jyoM jyoM usakI raNa pradhAna pravRttiyoM bar3hatI gaI ye rAsaka vIratva pradhAna kAvya banate gae aura dasarI ora ve rAsaka jinameM maNatA kA tatva Adika thA dhIre dhIre komalA pradhAna ho gae aura komala pravRttiyoM bAte meM sakArAsa rUpa meM balate ro, aura yaha paraMparA Aga mI meM kAma ke kapa meM surakSita milatI hai| vastutaH jana ci ke isa badalate hue prabhAva ke kAraNa rAsaka meM uddhata tatva kI vRddhi aura geyatA tathA mRtya hone se vaha eka geyatA pradhAna upapa ho gyaa|' batA 11vIM zatAbdI meM hI rAma upampaka mAnA jAne lgaa| nATya varSaka baiMcha prasidha samdhoM ko dekhane para usameM nATya rAsaka aura rAsaka kA ullekha mila jAtA hai| rAsaka meM abhinaya kI pradhAnatA bar3hI aura sAhitya darpaNa meM bhI nATya rAsaka aura rAsaka aDDoM kA ullekha dekhakara yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki usa samaya janatA maiM rA kA yaka ke sma meM paryApta pracalana ho gayA thAAralAvalI nATikA pI ko gIta mATya kI mApI gaI hai| para 7 ko ke pAsa gaInayA vizva mI pAyI nRtya, gAma aura abhinayamA kirA kara unI viSaya banIvAsI thii| mA. pavIM janAidI ke viyapa pIka gItiyoM meM karIba rathamAra yA tyA mAveza hone lagA |at: sthApaka mAme bAlIkA ra apazavara jaina rAsoM pramANa mApIra bAtI. mausama svAmI sthati bhara, Adi mI jahitya nAgina nArI prasAda dvivavedI * -11 mAyAvira kauvA saMskaraNa). 11

Page #265
232 ke varNana milate haiM, sAtha hI zreSThi zrAvaka va dAnavIra puruSoM ke Upara yathA vastu pAla, tejapAla, pedhar3a, samarasiMha tathA tIrthoM Adi ke nAmobhI aneka kathA pradhAna Te rakhe gae jinakA vizleSaNa Age ke pRSThoM meM kiyA jAyagA / vastutaH kavi isa kathA satya ko vividha chaMdoM meM bAdhakara arthAt mAsAbaMdhana rUpa dekara janatA ke samakakSa rahane lge| apabhraMzetara ina rAsoM meM chaMdopasa vividhatA ke sAtha sAtha rAmAnaMdha ke kAraNa mAsa yA rAsA* Age calakara eka chaMda hI ho gayA / patadartha yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki kyoMki hara eka rAsa meM gae tatva va rasamaya tatvoM kI pradhAnatA rahatI thI aura isa geya tatva ne jaba anavarata vRddhi pAI to yaha samasta rAsa graMtha eka rAsa chaMda ke lie hI rudra ho gae ho| kAlAntara meM yaha rAsA cheda itanA pracalita huA kitatkAlIna loka kAvya meM hI isakA samAveza ho gyaa| vastutaH 12vIM zatAbdI se 15vIM zAbdI taka meM milane vAle isa vizAla jaina rAsa sAhitya ke zilpa usakI mukhya pravRttiyoM, vizeSatAoM aura usake vikAsa kI kar3iyoM kA adhyayana vibhinna dRSTiyoM se kiyA jA sakatAhai: 1- saMgIta va nRtya kalA kI dRSTi se 2. chaMdoM kI dRSTi se / 3- nikya kI dRSTi se 4- sAhityika kyoM kI dRSTi 50 dharma kI dRSTi hai| saMgIta aura rA (1) saMgIta va nRtya kalA kI dRSTi se kAma ar taka saMgIta kA prazna hai taka saMgIta rAjaya vivecana meM hamane yaha kI hai| aneka kA eka pradhAna tatva thaa| saMskRta kAla aura pa meM saMgIta tatva hI pravAna ho gayA thA / isake pradhAna pariyoM aura gItiyA~ gAI hai, bAdamI ke kaviyoM ne jo saMgIta kI utkRSTatA se rAta kA pracAra karane va hArane huI thii| eka bAvazyaka bAta yaha bhI hai "dAsa ko rAsA cheda banAne ke bhI saMbhavataH

Page #266
233 saMgIta ne hI sahAyatA kI hai| vastutaH ukta aneka vidvAnoM ne gIta, laya aura tAla kA mahatva rAsa yA rahasaka ke lie spaSTa kiyA hai| ataH rAma aura saMgIta paraspara anyonyAzrita hai| zrI zyAma bihArI gosvAmI rAsakoM eka nRtya vizeSa mAnate hai tathA eka prakAra kA kAvya aura upa rUpaka bhii|' AcArya hemacanda ne to rAkha kAvyoM meM vibhinna rAga rAginiyoM kI vyavahati hone se pAsa ke vikasita svarupa kI rAga-kAvya hI kaha diyA thaa| isake atirikta "rAsa jaba geya usa rupaka kA prakAra thA to usameM aneka choTe choTe urmi gItoM kA samAveza Avazyaka yA aura vahI urmi gIta saMgIta ke anUThe aMga the jo rAma nAma se prayukta ho rahe the / ataH spaSTa hai ki rAma ne saMgIta kalA ke kSetra ko bhI unnati kI ora bddh'aayaa| nakSya aura rAsa: tatva, nRtya kalA kA bhI rAsa se paryApta sambandha dRSTigocara hotA hai| nRtya kalA ko pragati ke carama para pahuMcane vAlA martakI yA natyakAra hotA hai aura rAta meM nRtya bAvazyaka thA | aneka nartakI yorvacitratAla vyAnvitama udAharaNa se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai| hallIsaka aura rAsaka ko hemacandra ne dezI nAma mAlA (862) tathA dhanapAla ne pAiyalablInAma mAlA ( zabda 102 ) meM - sAmAnyataH gopa gopiyoM kI krIr3A kahA hai"- rAsamma hallIso rAsako, manDalene stryaNA nRtyaM" ataH striyoM ke nRtya kA ullekha spaSTa milatA hai aba taka rAma nAma se banI jAne vAlI saba se prAcIna krIr3A kRSNa goSiyoM kI hI rahI hai| isI prakAra naTarAja ka bhI apane udUta taDa mutya vinivAiyoM se svayaM mukhya maTezvara bahAva banakara nRtya karate the| para zrI kRSNa ke isa bhaya rAma kA sambandha hAsya nAmaka nRtya bhI rakhatA hai| Age rAva ko ko banA diyA gayA, aisA ullekha milatA hai| rAja mA lAbha rasapUrNa gAva hI nahIM, usameM nRtya ke sAtha hotA hai| pari ke ziSyoM ne vIM zatAbdI meM rakhe nAma meM kendoM kA ullekha kiyA hai aura jisameM 14 devi-akTUbara 1957 varSa 3 aMka 1 0 53 para dIpA bihArI mosvAmI kA svAmI haridAsa vIra 10 bhAva medAda lAsya bedI bahudhA tavaiva niyamedInaM deve prvrtitm|

Page #267
vibhinna dezya kavi hI lAsya kebheva upabhedoM meM parivartana karatI rahI hai| smaya bAgaMdhara ne apane andha saMgIta ratnAkara meM san 12... ke Asa pAsa saurAna kI nAriyoM ke rAmanutya kA ulleza kiyA hai| lAsya nRtya bhI kAlAntara meM rAsa kA sthAna grahaNa kie rhaa| kAsya kI isa paramparA meM saMgIta ratnAkara meM barSita umA anidadha evaM abhimanyu kI patni utsarA kA bar3A hAtha rahA hai| svayaM arjuna me Upara bhI nRtya rAma ke saMskAra kA prabhAva par3e binA na raha skaa| maNipura nRtya lAsya nRtya kA hI prakAra mAnA jAtA hai| saurASTra aura gujarAta pradezoM meM lAsya yA nRtya kI paramparA atyanta prAcIna vA svarUpa meM eka hI rahI hai| saurApa meM Apa bhI rAsahA levA manda pracalita hai| rAma ne nRtya kalA ko pagata sahAyatA kI hai| saMgIta kI pAnti mRtya va mabhinaya rAmaka uttarakAlIna samaya meM eka dama anyonyAzrita hai|yh bhI saMbhava hai ki nRtya kI aneka kalAeM bAya yA saMgIta rAsaka meM samAviSTa the| ata: rAsa me lAsya ko ba kAsya me rAma ko paraspara bar3A hI mala pradAna kiyA hai| astu nRtya klA bhI rAsaka kA pramukha sasA ( doM kI dRSTi se rAmakA bayAna chaMdoM kI iSTi bhI kiyA thA war ma nAidI maka ke rAsa meba ma meM ine abhiprAlikA mAvi hI kaamyaa| boM vidhAnoM meM bAta kA vika baneko ga mAhAra kiyaa| mA spaSTa paramparA aneka rAdhoM kI iSTi zrI sine nAgAravA deza meM prayukta rAsa aura isa prakAra kI iSTikA rAma kAlAne vAlI racanAoM ke bi vikAra ravi mATI smii| dhyAna se dekhane para yaha lAtA rAprapA prabaksa mA rAma pada ke isa prabhAva kavImanImAyA yA viSayA unake nAma meM hI bhA gaI aura ema - gujarAtI bAliyA svoramabAra,.nn

Page #268
bahudhA ke nAma unake zIrSaka ke anusAra vividha kAvya rUma bana gae. udAharaNArthapaiDeDa rAsa, samarArAma Adi meM rAsa chaMda pramukha hai to catuSpAdikA meM baupar3a kI, mthati mada kA aura aneka naiminAtha phAgoM meM phAgu chanda mila jAtA hai| rAsa chanda kA zAstrIya adhyayana athavA rAsaka ke kAvya rUpoM va zilpa ke viSaya meM hameM birahAka ke vRtta jAti samunvaya (41-10 aura svayaMpU ke dasa se bar3I sahAyatA milatI hai|in donoM da gastriyoM ne rAsaka kI paribhASAeM dI hai| virahAka ke anusAra rAmaka baneka baDilloM, duvAho, mAtrAoM, raDDAjoM aura DosAnoM ke milakara banatA hai| isake atirikta mAtrA raDDA dohA, aDillA tathA DosA kI usane alaga parimAkAeM dI hai| saMbhavataH virahAka me rAsakoM kI do prakAra kI loka priyatA batAI hai tathA likhA hai ki rAsa baMdI ke bAda hI unhoMne "rAsA' nAmaka svataMtrada kI parimAkA dI hai jisakA DA. harivallabha pAvAmI ne saMdeza rAsaka kI bhUmikA meM ullekha kiyA hai, tathA dohA chapiyA, pahAr3iyA pattA caupAI rahaDA, oDhayA, ahila Adi aneka chaMdoM kA bahutAyata se prayoga karane vAlI racanAjoM ko rAsaka nAma diyA hai ukta sabhI parimAlAoM meM prayukta tathyoM ko kasauTI mAna kara calane meM jaba hama AdikAlIna hindhI jaina sAhitya kI rAsa racanAoM meM rAma manda ko iMDate hai to hameM Ta ina loga hI lagA hai| aura isa sthAna kA doga hogA Dilla Adi do se tvacA masiddha hotA thA paraspara bAki pAdhya bhI nahIM dikhAI gara: yI kahA jA sakA kina vibhinna padoM kI kamiyoM ko rAmaka nAmade diyA pAnA hogaa| rAma aura rAma miyAvadhi prApta pramAnoM ke AdhAra para isake adhikAnA bAta gara mahI sagApara yA spaSTa hai ki rAsaka aura rAma miyoM meM eka vizeSa mameM sUba milatA hai| bipI iSTiA avatAra rAmoM viSayoM meM vistAra e| aneka viSayoM para rAma rakamA nimeM pramukha vizva khAti hai| t- upadezamUlaka upadeza rasAna rAkha 1- gArita pradhAna- bArA

Page #269
236 3- pravajyA yA dIkSAmUlaka, jaiba svAmI gautama svAmI aura sthUlibhadra rAma 4- utsava vacaiva vIratA mUlaka bharatezvara bAhubalI rAsa 50 cheda pradhAna rAsa- bharatezvara bAhubalI rAsa 60 kathA badhAna- rAmAyaNa mahAbhArata para (maMtra pADava carita rA) 7- tIrthoM para va tIrtha yAtrAoM para revatagiri rAsa tathA jaba rAsa, saMptakSetrIya ja 8. saMgha varNana samarA rAma 9. saMkIrtana janya tathA saiddhAntika-solaha kAraNa rAmra 100 aitihAsika rAsa pethaDa rAsa, samarArAsa isa prakAra caritroM ke guNoM kA varNana karane, unake doSoM ko haTAne yAtrA varNana karane, kathA nirmANa karane, maMdiroM kA jIvAdakAra karane, dIvA utsava hetu jaya ghoSaNArtha Adi ke lie hI ina rAsa granthoM kI racanA kI jAtI thii| isake atirikta ve bhaugolika sAmAjika rAjanaitika tathA varita malaka hote the| jaina rAmrA sAhitya jitanA hI carita mUlaka hote the| utanA hI aitihAsika bhI hotA thaa| isa prakAra kAlAntara meM rAta granthoM ke viSaya meM vyApakatA A gaI aura viSayoM kI sImA meM koI baMdhana nahIM gyaa| ataH ina jaina sAdhakoM ne loka sAhityaparaka adhIt jana bhASA meM aura zAstrIya bhASA donoM meM rAma racanAeM kii| dharma kI dRSTi se..... vaiSNava rAva paramparA meM vaibhava jaina ina donoM dharmoM ne bar3A yoga diyA hai| kRSNa bhakti bAbA ke moDa meM goSiyoM ne rAma ko barama se prasiddha hai| inameM zrRMgAraparaka paktiparaka para pahuMcAyA aura braja ke aura komala sabhI prakAra ke mile haiN| jaina dharma ne pI vizAla saMsthA meM rahA hai| aneka bIrAnI jaina muniyoM va para bhI rAhoM kI krIr3A hotI thii| svI se khela ke aura apanI rAma kavivara kayAsa grahaNa vidhi vivAda hotA thA aura ina jaina vikAla ke rAkhoM ko surakSita rAjaputroM ke dIkSAmahana karane ke avasara aura puruSa ina rAmroM ko bar3I zradhA abhinaya va saMgIta meM vo kara sAkAra hI nahIM karate kAkI ke sAtha rAtoM meM se anekoM kA udde

Page #270
AcArya zrI kA saMjama siri se varaNa karAnA hotA thA yathA jinezvara pUri dIvA vivAha varNana rAsa isa zubha avasara para athavA parva para unake anuyAyI NTEE malA kaba mAnate the beulphulla Dhokara nRtyalaya, tAla, gIta Adi dvArA AcArya bhI ko zraddhAmyati dete the ataH rAkha kA mAvejana honA svAmA ki thaa| sAhityika rUpa va vilpa yojanA: sAhityika dRSTi se mUlyAkana karane para rAsa yA rAsaka saMgIta nRtya, ruga sAla, chanda, krIr3A, abhinaya Adi ukta sabhI aMgoM ke samanvaya kA samUha hai| vastutaH rAsaka kA sambandha ukta aMgoM se Upara dikhAyA jA cukA hai| rAsaka yA rAta kA svarUpa uddhata geya uparUpaka ke rUpa meM ullAsa pradhAna hotA hai| ataH sAhityika dRSTi se isake jilpa janyastvoM kA vivecana isa prakAra kiyA jA sakatA hai 1 20 3 4 237 6 rAsaka geya upakapaka hai jisakI kathA badma meM kama va padma meM adhika adhikAMza padma meM hI hotI hai| usameM aneka nartakiyAM ho vibhinna rAga kA samAveza ho aneka ho| 5-yAta kA ho| aneka prakAra ke ho vaha moM meM vipakva ho / aneka muma, do sAtha krIr3A kreN| puccha alaga feat aNa navavA samaveta mRzya / kA iti anivArya ho / se 10. 11- vikiprakAra ke kRtyoM kA mAne 10 vA eka nizcita sthAna yA meva para ho / maMtra rAva nidhAsthAna ho / kiyA jA sakatA hai| raMga kI sUcanA bhIrA aura eka sAhitya kA ullekha karane vAle bAbIna

Page #271
238 nRtya vizeka, mudrA, hAva, pAva tathA sthiti vizeSa Adi tatvoM ko dekhakara yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki raMgamaMca kA spaSTa ullekha nahIM hone para pI rAsa meM maMca vizeSa kI sthiti avazya thii| / vartamAna kAla meM rAsa kI sthitiH rAsa jaisA geya upapaka Aja bhI apanI jIvanta vidhAoM ko lekara vividha jyoM meM hamAre sAmane surakSita hai| hamAre deza kI loka saMskRti anuzya hai| rAma vaisI sAMskatika geya upa rUpaka kI AyojanA dezake hara pradeza meM apane vibhinna zilpI meM dekhI jA sakatI hai| jahAM taka rAjasthAna kA prazna hai rAjasthAna meM rAma melane kI prathA Aja bhI hai| manDalAkAra banakara vizeSa avasaroM parasthala vizeSa ko sajAkara usI para DaMDoM se ve Dhola bAga para rAsa khelate hai| vibhinna maMDaliyoM meM bhI rAsa calane kI prathA hai| rAmadhArI nApaka yaka maMDala etadartha yadidha hai| rAsa gAyA bhI jAtA hai parantu puruSoM kI apevA striyoM meM isakA pavAra azika hai| striyoM ke samAja meM rAsa kI sthiti vicitra prakAra kI hai| rAsa kA yA vartamAna rUpa atyanta prasidadha hai| yo rAsa ke zilpa kA pUrNatayA pratinidhitva ka le vAlA yahA koI natya vizeSa nahIM hai parantu usake thor3e chor3e tatvavibhinna vibhinna prAstoM ke mRtya vizeSa meM baMTa gae hai| rAjasthAnI loka mRtyoM meM jo nISoM aura pIko mRtya, nAroM ke mRtya, naToM meM mAra bAgar3iyoM aura garamityagoliyoM inDiogI, kariyA, aura piNArI kA pAvAtmaka abhivAtmaka aura mRtya pradhAna maMgItAtmaka nAra savA itva rAmapAriyoM kI dIvAra, pulisI ke abhinaya prabhAna mAra, bIkAnera ke bhanina makA, gahIra Tola naka, DIDavAnA aura pokaraNa kI rAmAlI ( bArA) bhAravAhakI kachI por3iyoM kA itya, gIta abhinaya, rIrika baloM kI kA, matva tathA vAiyoM se samanvita mAravAr3a kA pusalI nRtya, pAnI kI kAnada gujarI ke nRtya vizeSa tathA mAnI syAla, malmana dinI rAma ke abhinaya ko udI ANi vivi meM egAne kA prayAsa karane vAle aura bhI kaI jaMgalI mUlya kitta,

Page #272
239 irsiyoM ke mutya kaMjaroM, nAyakoM camAroM va mehataroM ke nAca prasiddha hai| zekhAvATI pradeza ke cauka cAnavI aura mandiroM ke kIrtana aura nRtya bhI apanA mahatva rahate hai| aMki rUpa se rAsa ke tatvoM ko pratinidhitva karane vAle nRtyoM meM rAjasthAna kI striyoM kA "ghUmara" yA bhramara" nRtya nahIM bhulAyA jA sktaa| ghUmara nRtya meM striyAM "gavara" yA pArvatI kI pratimA ke sAmane saikar3oM kI saMkhyA meM bakrAkAra manDaloM meM vibhakta ho, ghaMToM nRtya meM DUba jAtI haiM jinameM vAya kI madhuratA gIta kA pravAha, svara va saMgIta kI uphAna, abhinaya kI utkRSTatA tathA bhAvonmeSa darzanIya hai| para isameM yugalo meM puruSa mAga nahIM le skte| yaha vizeSakara hotI, gaNagaura aura dIvAlI jaise tyohAroM ke avasaroM para madhya vargIya striyoM dvArA prastuta kiyA jAtA hai| ghUmara kA udayapurI svarUpa saMgItamayI hai jodhapura kI ghUmara kalAtmaka hai para usameM bhaMga saMcAlana kA abhAva hai aura koTA bUMdI kI ghUmara meM eka aparva jIvaTa aura prabhAva hotA hai| ina nRtyoM meM tAlA rAma va rAnu Adi saba rUpa dekhane ko mila jAte hai| ataH ghUmara rAjasthAna kA eka rASTrIya nRtya hai| gujarAta aura mAlavA meM rAsa kI vartamAna sthiti vahAM ke "rA" garabo yA garamI nRtya prastuta karate hai| garabA eka aise ghar3e ko kahate haiM jisameM saikar3oM cheda hote haiM striyAM unameM dIpaka jalAkara vAla, abhinaya, saMgIta Adi ke AdhAra para usakI karatI hai| mahatva rAkha kA bImA bhI karatA hai| rAta ke vartamAna svarUpa kI surakSA karane vAle rAkhoM meM mana ke rAsoM ko bhI bar3A mahatva hai| mathurA kRdAvana jAdi sthAnoM para rAdhA kRSNa aura gopiyoM ke rUpa meM vividha lIlAvoM yA kRSNa dvArA kima rAkhoM kI mayojanA hotI hai| yaha taka ki aneka mahaloM meM ho ise apanA pezA hI banA liyA hai| rAsa braja kI pramukha vastu hai aura kRSNa usake mAtA va meM rAsa kA vartamAna rUpa kama pracalita huA usake prAramparI kauna se meM isa sambandha meM nizcita rUpa se nahIM kahA

Page #273
240 jA sakatA tathA matabheda bhI hai|' nArAyaNa bhaTTa, balmAcArya haridAsa tathA camaDa deva kA isake pravartakoM meM ullekha milatA hai| braja meM ina rAsa yA rAta ke do pramukha prakAra hai:- 1- zAstrIya baMdhana yukta tathA 1- vAstrIya baMdhanamukta lokanRtya jinako naMda gAMva aura barasAnA kI gujariyAM vividha mudrAoM meM nRtya karatI huI illIsaka kA vAstavika rUpa prastuta karatI hai jisameM vAiba nahIM hotA |pr yaha gAyana bar3hA hI karuNAjanaka hotA hai| yaha nRtya sambhavataH samaya ke prabhAva se samApta ho gayA ho| DaeNDelekara maMDalAkAra nRtya ahIra Aja pI karate dekhe jAte haiN| braja kA zAstrIya nRtya do prakAra kA hai (1) rAma aura (2) mahA rAva rAma rAsamaMDaliyAM karatI hai tathA mahArAma, jo zrI kRSNa ne do gopiyoM meM eka kRSNa yA do kRSNa ke bIca eka gopI ke rUpa meM kiyA thA, jaba braja kI maMDaliyAM rAsa karatI hai to bharata ke nATya zAstra meM varNita bImoM rAsakoM kA mizraNa dekhane ko mila jAtA hai| mAna jo krama meM rAsa paddhati hai vaha 300 1400 va se adhika purAnI nahIM pratIta hotI yaha maMgalAcaraNa ke bAda sAraMgI pahAyaja, kinnarI, phaM aura majIrA ke AdhAra para saMgIta gAma hotA hai aura sama hRtya karate haiN| avadhI bhASA meM bhAva kA svastha ke rUpa meM milA hai| cikI meM hara varSa hone vAle skulako 16 ke bhI hai jisameM anitya, bAgAna ne pariveza me aura after or after milatA hai aura aba ke svAga bhI rAma ke eka aMga " 1- desie pArakhIvaI 40 2011 para prabhudayAla mittala kA nArAyaNa maTa -zrI mAnavI kA-jaba loka saMskRti saM0 2005 20139-47. kAramAnArA vA bArAsalIlA ke podhAra abhinaMdana grantha kA krama bhAratI varSa 5 aMka 4 0713-17 meM nAravina rahana kA rAkhIlA ke videzI darzana / devi kA itihAsa bhAga 1 zrIkRSNa va baiMka kA bAjapeyI pR0 115 para zrI kunnIkAha

Page #274
241 kI pUrti karate haiN| isake atirikta braja ke loka nRtyoM meM rAsa ke samtanAthI, braja kI caraMkalA, lalamaniyoM,bAbara, phUlA nRtya, narasiMha nRtya, DhAr3A dAhI nRtya Adi loka kalAtmaka nRtya atyanta prasiddha hai jo rAsa kI paramparA ko bhI surakSita karate hai| jayadeva ke gIta govinda aura cetanya ke kuSya bhakti premalIlA varNana kisI rAma se kama nahIM hai| baMgAla meM bhI bhagavAna kRSNa ke rAsa kA ma pracalita hai jisameM unakA deva braja se bhinna hotA hai para abhinayAtmakatA bar3I utkRpA hotI hai| AgAma maNipura pradeza meM vevakA,abhinaya, bhAvukatA tInoM tatvoM kI rAsa meM pradhAnatA hai| vahI bhI vasaMta rAsa, natrAsa, aura mahArAsa se tIna prakAra ke rAya hote hai| isI prakAra dakSiNa meM tAmila, telaga banna malayAlama, Adi pradezoM ke loka sAhitya meM rAya kA pratinidhitva mila jAtA hai|vstutH rAma kI paraMparA Aja bhI vibhinna loka kalAtmaka aneka nRtyoM ke rUpa meM surakSita hai| vastutaH tatkAlIna apavitara kAlIna jaina rAsoM kA vartamAna svarupa jaina samAja meM Aja bhI pracalita hai parantu usakA AMzika rUpa hI dRSTigocara hotA hai| dIkSA ke samaya jaina ani kA bama zrI ke vivAha ke maka ke rUpa meM saba kriyAeM parI kI jAtI hai para rAma nAya aura ullAsa ke sAtha nRtya pima aba ka gayA hai| sirpha apanI unlAsa pradhAna abhivyakti ko saMgIta mayA ke mAdhyama se prakaTa kara degii| tIyoM bAda meM striyoM kA nRtya mAthi ullekhanIya hai vastutaH rAma nRtyamAdi ke prAcIna bhAnagaDa bhAga badalate jAte hai| para jaina pugiyoM meM rAsa banAne aura unako gAkara unakA upadeza mA mAya bhI pracalita hai| rAma aura gujarAta ke jaina ni to bhAvI manA kara maare| rekhAlaga sA ki mAdhunika jaina rAsana manI prAcIna meyara umadevAtmaka sthiti ko jo hema candra se pUrva thI, prANa pAtArAsAnI bhASA meM jo paravartI rAsa mile hai unameM kA ho gayA hai aura ve adha banAramA kAma bhI mI kAla rAjasthAnI rAkhoM zava kA prayoga mAgovA garama

Page #275
242 goTAle ke artha meM bhI prayukta hone lagA / 17vIM zatAbdI ke uttarAdha meM tathA 18vIM zatAbdI meM kucha vinodAtmaka racanAeM uMdara rAso, mAkaDa rAso, Adi rAkhoM kI racanA huI hai|' DA0 hajArI prasAda dvivedI kA kathana hai ki "rAsaka vastutaH eka vizeSa prakAra kA manoraMjana hai| rAsa meM vahI bhAva hai| Aja kA rAsa viSayoM kI sImA ke bandhana meM nahIM hai janatA apane sukha dukha ko prema dharmopadeza, zrRMgAra, kathA Adi sabhI rUpoM meM prastuta kara isa vyasta jIvana meM sukha anubhava karatI hai| 2 jo bhI ho, ukta vivecana meM rAsa kI paramparA, uddezya, paribhASA, zilpa Adi ke tatvoM kA pUrA pUrA mUlyAMkana prastuta karane kA prayAsa lekhaka ne kiyA hai| aba apara kAla athavA prAcIna hindI meM jo AdikAla kI vibhinna zatAbdiyoM maiM jo vizAla saMkhyA meMrAsa racanAeM prApta hotI hai unake kAvya kA adhyayana karanA ThIka hogaa| ukta vivecana seAdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya meM pratyeka zatAbdI maiM milane vAle hindI jaina rAsoM kI mukhya pravRttiyoM, zilpagata tatvoM tathA kAvya rUpoM kA adhyayana "rAsa vivecana meM kiyA gayA hai ataH kahA jA sakatA hai ki AdikAlIna hindI jaina rAsoM ko samajhane meM isase bahuta saralatA ho skegii| 1- devi-nAgarI pracAriNI patrikA 0 2099 baiMka 4 pR0 420 para zrI Ara canda nAhaTA kA prAcIna bhASA kAvyoM kI vividha sNmaa-lekh| 2 hindI sAhitya kA kAlaH AcArya hajArI prasAda dvivavedI 10 1001

Page #276
243 paratezvara bAhubalI rAma jaina rAsa paramparA meM sarva prathama aura sabase bar3I racanA bharatezvara bAhubalI rAsa hai|aadi kAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya meM yaha kRti aisI hai jo paryApta prAcIna hai tathA jo apagraMza kI paravartI avasthA aura purAnI hindI (prAcIna rAjasthAnI aura janI gujarAtI) ke bIca kI kar3I hai| parizIlana karane para yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki hindI jaina sAhitya kI rAsa paramparA kA paratezvara bAhubalI rAsasarva prathama rAma hai|' amAvadhi muni jina-vijaya jI tyA gujarAtI vidvAna isI racanA ko sarva prathama ramA mAnate haiM, para zrI agaracanda nAhaTA ne zodha patrikA meM eka prAcIna rAma zrI vanasena sUri racita paratezvara bAhubalI pora" prakAzita kiyA gayA hai, jo isase bhI prAcIna hai para racanA akelI tathA vipta hone se vaharAsa pravRttiyoM kI pramukhatA kA pratinidhitva nahIM kara sakatI aisI sthiti meM paratezvara mAhubalI rAsa ko hI hindI jaina sAhitya kA sarva prathama rAma mAnA jA sakatA hai| prastuta kRti kA sampAdana muni jina vijaya jI ne kiyA racanAkAra kI mAtisUri , aura racanAgala * Pun kAvarA bihabAna kAntikNiya bI kI hai tathA prati kAgaja kI hai| manumAma! ..yA 50 varSa purAnI hogii| manipI kA yA pATha pUrNa praamaanni| isI pATha ko rAhata sAtyAyama meM bhI gcha yiaa|' barA karama kAlava bhagavAna gAlI davArA sampAdita). bhI pAdhI prAva vimA mandira kI yA nAmarA mA kI zrI vijaya dharma paribIpAzara para kavi sampAdita kI hai| zrIgAMdhI kA pATha puni jI pANIva viDyA pAma saM. 1997 -9mili miy| -hindI mahAbArAvIpAvaravAma.6-.01 para mAlI rAma kI kAravAca pagavAna mApI prakAzanAya vidayA

Page #277
244 kI sampAdita kRti se sthAna sthAna para thor3A minna bhI milatA hai tathA iMda krama meM pI antara hai| ___ prastuta kRti kI payAlocanA karane se pUrva do aura mahatva pUrNa vAtoM kA spaSTIkaraNa Avazyaka hai|ek to yaha ki yaha kRti yAbIna pazcimI rAjasthAnI kI hai tathA isarI bAta yaha hai ki dezya pAkA aura jana bhASA ke AdhAra para yaha kRti purAnI hindI kI hai| gujarAtI vidvAna ise puratI gujarAtI kI mAnate haiM jaba ki 15.. vi. ke pUrva gujarAtI kA svataMtra astitva kucha nahIM thA va donoM pradezoM kI eka hI bhAkAeM thii| aura yaha rAma vi0saM01141 kA hai ataH prAcIna rAjasthAnI aura gujarAtI kI prathakatA kA prazna vivAda kA viSaya hI nahIM hai| paratezvara bAhubalI rAsa ke kastA vidvAna jainAcArya libhadra hai jo apane samaya ke vikhyAta kavi the| paratezvara aurabAhubalI donoM atyanta prasiddha ca dina nAyaka rAjaputra rahe hai| ina donoM se sambandhita aneka varSana carita kathA kavi yAta hI purAne granthoM meM upalabdha ho jAte hai|atH yaha paraMparA Age taka milatI hai| kyA paraMparA aura maratezvara bAhubalI saMbaMdhI sAhitya paravara tathA bAhubalI saMbaMdhI sAhitya kI paramparA 18vIM sAvIka milatI hai prAyaH ekavI hai, varSana vyA ghaTanAmoM meM kinna bhI mieart mI marAkA vana ko milatA aura baDIgAvakI kaa| nIce ramAnoM kA vivaraNa diyA bA / sipa pratimAna upAya khUba meM parata deza gAya babbI parata ke .40 kI bikA kAma hai| para aura bAhubalI kA adhikAra varSa vimala harikRta pAya tithI gAvIpIvAsamA racita bAsudeva hiMDI bhAmaka mAbi bonoM gA hai| nIM patAmbI kI jina dAsagaNi kI prAmAmAmA mAlyA meM donoM kA carita varNana hai| donoM hai paraspara sIbIsani anyoM meM ullekha ravivAvA kA . e bApAnaMda madhamAlA ni parakiya saciva 98

Page #278
265 padma purANa, dhanezvarari ke tathA 12vIM zatAbdI meM jayapuri kati dharmopadezamAlA ke sAtha sAtha jinasena ke Adi purANa puSpadanta ke triti mahApuruSa guNAlaMkAra tathA hemacanda ke si jalA kA carita tathA saM0 1241 ke somaprabhAcArya ke kumArapAla pratibodha aura vinayacaMda sari kata AdinAtha carita paravartI sAhitya meM 14vIM zatAbdI meM jinendra racita padma mahAkAvya, varga 16-17, saM0 1401 meM merutuMga racita stamanendra prabandha meM 1436 ke jayazevara sari kRta upadeza citAmaNi kI TIkA meM * tathA saM0 1530 meM guNaratna sUri ke bharatezvara bAhubalI pavAr3oM meM tathA 1755 ke jina gaNa ke gujarAtI "jaya rAsa" meM bharata bAhubalI kA caritra varNita hai| vastutaH ina donoM carita nAyakoM ke vRtta bar3e sthAna hai aura yaha kyA paraMparA 18vIM zatAbdI taka milatI hai| bharatezvara bAhubalI kI kathAeM saMskRta, prAkRta, apatra purAnI hindI (rAjasthAnI gujarAtI) Adi sabhI bhASAoM meM vistAra se mila jAtI hai| pranthoM ke lie hI nahIM, bhArata ke vibhinna maMdiroM, tIrtho, stUpoM, citroM tathA aneka smArakoM ke lie bhI bAhubalI AkarSaNa ke vivayarahe hai| udAharaNArtha maisUra ke zravaNabelagola meM 56 phuTa ke lagabhaga bI adbhuta vilpa kI kalAtmaka bAhubalI kI dhyAnastha bar3I huI pratimA hai tathA bAbU kI 1088 kI vimalaba kI kilpa kalA meM parata aura bAhubalI yuddha ke dRzya ki paratezvara bAhubalI rAmra vIra rasa pUrva prabandha hai| premI mAvAyoM kA vIra aura iMgAra rasa koI paramparA ke kAla unheM kAvyoM kI racanA bhI karanI pdd'ii| rAsa meM utpA af mAnapUrNa kyA thA vIra rasa kA stotra umar3atA hai| isa rAsa kI pradhAna va vIra rasa pUrNa hote hue vitroM meM vihAra gae hai ti aura vi nahIM milatA, parantu eka maulikatA yaha bhI hai ki 1 dravizambara jaima vAlA samiti vArAprakAzita grantha 1pa 40 62045 / gAyakavAr3a prAya grantha mAtA meM0 14 meM prakAzita 3. bar3I naM0 58 hai kA (gAmakathA prAcya grantha mAlA) 4- paratezvara bAhubalI rAta bhI gAdhI prastAvanA 056-56

Page #279
bhI nirvedAta hai| jaina racanAkAroM ne virodhI raso kA samanvaya bar3e kauzala se kiyA hai|yhaa taka ki yaha bahuta hI Azcarya janaka tathya hai ki rAsa yA phAgu jaisI zrRMgAra pradhAna racanAmI nirvedAta hai| prastata rAsameM racanA- sthAna kavi ne kahIM nahIM diyA hai para bhAkA ke anusAra etadartha gujarAta yA rAjasthAna ke kisI bhI sthAna kI kalpanA kI jA sakatI -kaza bhAgarAsa kI kathA vastu saMzipa meM nimnalikhita hai:.M jaMbUdvIpa ke ayodhyAnagara meM riSabha jinezvara ke subaMdA aura mumaMgalA/sa do putra kramazaH bAhubalI aura bharata donoM yazasvI aura parAkramI putra utpanna hue| parata jyeSTha the| riphamezvara parata ko ayodhyA kA tathA bAhubalI ko sAthilA kA rAma saupakara virakta ho ge| ma svalya jJAna prApta ho gyaa| jisa dinarAnI vAya mAna prApta mA bharata kI Ayudha zAlA meM "divya cakraratna- utpanna huaa| parata ne pahale pitA kI vaMdanA karake digvajaya prArambha kii| Age Age bakaratna, pachi pIche senaa| aneka rAjAoM ko vijaya karane para jaba ve puna: lauTe vo bakra ayodhyApurI ke gara ma gyaa| bharata ke maMtri meM isakA kAraNa usake bhAiyoM ko jInA yA meM nahIM karanA btaayaa| saba kI dRSTi bAhubalI kI ora saI parAba hokara bAhubalI ko isake sAtha apanI bImatA svIkAra kara pairoM meM prapAma karane ko khaa| saugAva va utkoca maaNge| bAhubalI bhI ho gae aura kahA rimezvara ne jaba sabako mAna marA para yiA ki eka mA mA ho aura dUsarA bhAI usake AdhIna, yA sambhava nahIM hai|daa ko usane kaTakAra vApasa lauTA diyaa| donoM ora dhImAriyo / nira apa rasa kI navI bA gii| taba bharatevara kI nA badrapUra aura ra vivAroM meM binaya kii|ndr ne Akara avadha baMba bAmA aura mA kimAI mAI kI pArasparikalAImA mAra ho sAsa: aNNa ho yA ho kindA hokara majA-ma vijaya

Page #280
297 kA nirNaya se jAyAvacana yuddha, dRSTiyuddha (netra yudha) aura enDa yuddha nizcita hue aura tInoM meM aba bAhubalI vijayI hue to parata ne vadha hokara una para mayAdA tor3a kara cakraratna calA diyaa| yadyapi isase unakI kucha hAni nahIM huI para meM cakravartI ke isa vyavahAra se bahuta ubdha hue aura unheM virakti ho gii| unhoMne dIyA prANa kara lii| yudha bIra ko nirveda ho gyaa|raajytrii ummeM tuncha jAna pdd'ii| vavartI bharata me unake sarapoM meM prastaka Teka kara amaryAdita anya kyA bhUla ko svIkAra kara kSamA yAcanA kii| para bAhubalI ko to nirveda ne apanA liyA thaa|anek varSoM taka tapakara ve kaivalya mAnI ho ge| bharata ne bhI dhUma dhAma se nagara meM praveza kiyA / utsava hue nagara boraNa sajAe ge| AyudhazAlA meM Akara caratna pI zAnta huA aura caturdika maratezvara kA yA T gyaa| rAsa kI kyA yahI hai| racanA meka baMdhoM meM likhI gaI hai aura kula milakara 205 chandoM meM pUrI kyA samApta huI hai| prabaMdha paramparA kA yaha eka mahatva pUrNa ra kAmya hai| saM0 1241 kA yaha rAsa anya upalabdha aneka jaina hindI rAsoM meM sabase bar3A hai| isake bAda itanI bar3I rAsa racanA 15vIM zatAbdI ke uttarAIdha hI milatI hai yaha prApta kRtiyoM ke spaSTa hotA hai| bastu 1. bA~ke Pune ) ke isame bar3e kAla kI sAhityika pravRttiyoM, pAza parva bAbI kA pratinidhi vA bajhArApa ITags prabaMdha kI rakhamA bhAra varga vA parva mAthi vimAna meM kAma ko paramparAkI bhAgoM vibhakta kara diyA gAbhA mA manya vargamA komA meM prabandha gayoM ko bA bhAvA. gavyoM meM sandhi' kA prayoga maa|vipraarbiir ne bAge yaka tathA pratyeka kar3avaka / gativinAyaka ko mahAkAvyo ko mAyaka: sura: Tar -1) kI gAravAra -sAhitya varSa... mAvi varSakAraka kA para bAra bAbA mAyaka hAramakoDIbI kar3avaka yUpAtmaka -sipa mA

Page #281
248 ke bAda pattA rakhA jAnA thaa| kahIM kahIM prAma' nAma bhI milatA hai| hindI jaina sAhitya ke paravartI manya rAmoM meM bhI ye nAma vibhinna prakAra se milate hai| udAharaNArtha kacchalI rAsa meM vastu yA vasta 5 svAmI carita meM kar3avaka evaM ThavaNI (sthApanI) samarArAma meM mAsa' vyA pedhar3a rAsa meM lar3A nAma 'die gae hai| isake atirikta sagoM ke nAma kADava parva bhI milate hai| maratezvara bAhubalI rAsa pI isI taraha vastu ThavaNI,vANi bhAvi meM vibhakta hotA calatA hai| yaiyapi kathA meM kahIM bhI kavikRta sarma,yadi yA samApti nahIM hai parantu phira bhI kyA kA vibhAjana parata kI viDivajaya (2) parata va bAhubalI kA yuddha (1) bAhubalI kA dIkSA grahaNa, Adi ina tIna bhAgoM meM saralatA se kiyA jA sakatA hai| prastuta rAsa ke kAratI zrI ilimana me rAma kA prArambha maMgalAcaraNa se hI kyiA / kavi ne rima jimezvara ke gharoM meM praNAka karake sarasvatI kA mana smaraNa karake, guru pada vaMdanA ke pazcAta hI kAvya prArambha kiyA hai| risaha jisara paya paNamevI sarasati sAmini mana samarevI namAvi nivara guru parama nATakIya kApa: rAkSa meM kaI yo kavi kI mATIya bAda yoganA para hotI hai| .. devi vi rAmAna bapikA pAnA 1- prAbIma pUrvara kAbani li viva.. 1- svAmI batiyA.. . ! marAmAni kina vibA vidyA sikarjara kAbba maicaya.YO1101 zAcI pUrvarASiyoM-hAdevAIyA prAkakA00pariziSTa pAga 14 // sIrAmavAsimAnAbAlagandA ayodhyAkADamadara ddlNkaakaahaadi| vivApArAzanirvaavadha varSamAdimAmA Tezvara bAbahI rAmatImAMdhI .7.20aadi|

Page #282
249 saMvAda bar3e prabhAvazAlI aura sarasa hai|ythaa pratisAgara bharatezvara-saMvAda, dUta bAhubalI-saMvAda Adi ina saMvAdoM meM eka nATakIya yojanA, geyatA, darpa tathA utsAha hai| kavive inake dvArA kAvya meM abhinaya bhagimA kA samAveza kiyA hai| donoM lApoM ke udAharaNa dekhie(1) matisAgara kimi kA cakka na pari pravesa karA Ici mahArai rAni dhari dharIya dhAripura (prazna) bolA maitri bhayaku, sabhamati sAmIyAkaghara navi mAnai ba Apa bAhubali vihaM bAhubale tiNi kAraNi nara deva / akka na mAvai nIya niyare (uttara) isI prakAra ta bAhubati kA saMlApa ullekhanIya hai:dUta:- dUta mabhaNai isa pamaNai bAhubali rAu paradesara cakka dheru kahi na kyAmi iDavaNa kIyA begi muvegi moDa mAhi bAvati' (prama) vima baMdhana vi saMvA mI ni misana yora manI isa ki utta ra mini mATa go mAra aura isake yaha kahane para kilo pAvara kI bImA svIkAra karo, nahIM ho kA nArA baca karemA. nAlI kA asara ho / -paratAvara bAkI rAnI gANI,..8 pada +kI pa . .

Page #283
"rAra saMpai rAu apaMDa puSina sumi dUta viThi lihI bhAtyali ji loDa halo pAnai ari ri) deva iNi deva na dAnava mahi maMDa hi maMDalave mAmaba bAda meM laMbA laDIyAlI kAma adhika ma choDA dii| vividha varNanoM meM nAra varNana, senA varNana, 'vigvijaya varNana, kuna varNana gAdhI ghor3oM savAroM Adi ke varNana milate hai|inke kaI varSana sAtmaka aura atizyoti pradhAna hai| kSetra varNana sAdhAraNa hai parantu unakI pAka meM paryApta saralatA hai| vIra rasa madhAma varSoM meM pitya aura bhaTakAra pradhAna bhASA balatI hai|isii varSoM meM eka jIvaTa aura boga+ hai| zabdoM meM pravAsa, bharasatA, aura utsAha parA ida babana anu-prAsAtmaka hai| kucha varSana dekhie:hAthiyoM kA varNana- (1) caliya gayabara caliyagayavara guhira gancata Cm ga phiri phiri giri siri paMvA JALA aMkusa basa bhAva nahIM ya kADa pATa jibhAgi ghor3o va mAroM kA samaya mAlaI baravata spaTa parisara - kiraNa bArakAra prApiraMgaNa sama deviya ra bAra Omft nimbiI ra baravara bAra bAra kaI nArA vipi rAma rAma ratana - vINAmI paramparA ko vikasita karatA hai| ina kA bAhubalI pAsa jAnA aura rAlomI, biAra, sarma, bhAdi kA milana varSana bar3A hI admaamsunny

Page #284
prabhAvazAlI hai, anadoM kI anupramAtmakatA ullekhanIya hai:. vA ratha jotrIya bAba muNi bhApasida naravaraha ___ phiri phira sAmana thAi vAma turIya vAhini bana* pada (54) (1) kAjalakAla viDAla mAbiya mADiI urihara jimagara bama vikarAla bara bara bara-raba uchalIya - (57) (1) sUkIya bAula DAli, devi baDhI murakarAe pIya bhAlama bhAta pUka pukArahi dAhie- (58) (jimanAI gamaI vivAdi phiriya kiriyavikarAe DAvI va Dagalai sAdi pairava bhairava rava karaieisI tara billI, gadhA, bIye ghor3e kA bar3hanA, ziDAlapara devi (payA vizeSa) kA bolanA, dAhine dhUka (ullU kA bolanA) aura lomar3I(zivA) kA bAra bAra sAmane phira phira kara apazakuna karanA Adi cima sthA / uktiyA vIra rasa kI varSa aura utsAha pradhAna aksiyo atyanta dara jinameM gIvana ke kisa bhASya jIvaTa kA samAveva svAvalambana aurasvAbhimAna pUrva kucha para mA kiSi kAraNa kIvA, bAsa bara pipirIyA honA itthIbAra, bilIrA parivAra ! (isare kI bAga kyoM kI bAbA gosvakIya ko bapa karanA caahie| pAra bAra hI vIroga parivAra bA / kinI varSa sthAna aura pumA pUrva ksa hai| rijavAsIkA bora nIyata pAna namIbaI' 00o bodha maatii| (1)Ivi kapa-vivAra lipa baar| tarIna vidAraka kisa para 10 parasezvara bAhubalI TR-Tam -

Page #285
252 prastuta rAsa meM geyatA hai vastu pravAha ke sAtha geyatA kA mizraNa rAma kA saundarya aura ba.TA detA hai| bharatezvara bAhubalI rAsa vividha rAgoM meM baMdhA ataH yaha aneka prakAra se gAyA jA sakatA hai| adhika vistAra meM hone se amavA vikatA saMbhava hai, parantu isake pravAra ko deza visI pI bIra ke pugadaMDa kaDaka utthge| paratezvara bAhubalI rAma bhASA,rasa saMjanA, alaMkAra yojanA aura chaMda yojanA mAdi kI dRSTise bhI paryApta mahatva kI kRti hai| bhAga vicAra bharatezvara bAhubalI rAma kI bhAmA desila bayanA saba jana midA ukti kI sArthakatA siddha karatI hai| pApA kA sabda cayana dhvanyAtmaka, aura anuprAsAtmaka hai| : kAvya kI nAdAtmakatA spaSTa hai| zabda baiza eka hI saca meM le hai| purAnI gujarAtI aura purAnI rAvasthAnI donoM hI vibhASAeM iseapanA kAma karatI parantu adhikAra pada rAjasthAnI ge hai| sAtha hI apabhraMza keparavartI mo kA bhI prabhAva mASA kA kucha paricaya isa prakAra hai:uttara apAya: risama, jiNesara, nayara, paraha parvaDa, baka, ramaNa, gayabara, aadi| diyAeM bigliIya, millIya, ballIya, uttIya, ke sAtha dhUvIya,bAlIya, bhAvIya, baliya jAdi ma sarala rAjasthAnI / rAjaskI banI barAmI gala, paravasa,gorI,ra, nAva pUvIya, mADa, gayA, paNa baDavarDasa, paTavaDA, mata, bhAta, niDAma, kAma, mApa, belI mita, ri, soM, mapI, gagI, jivabA, kAra, bAla, A. parivA, mAvimA kriyAoM purA yI nAmiSi, mAravaMDa, baMdhavA, papiNa, rAsAvita svAmI rAma, rA. nigara, paMDa nA mAbi ba majAka sArasa bAta para bAkI bhASA marayoga bhI mAra apaskAra /

Page #286
253 naye - pama, bAra, varisa dina yAvihi, sAmalA gabha siMgAra, pATavara, tI tara, guNa, dihiM Adi meM bhUnatA kA Agraha spaSTa hai| ' satsama pada 1 prastuta kRti meM purAne kapa dhIre dhIre kama hote gae hai aura unake sthAna meM prayukta area kI AyojanA iSTavya hai yathA caritra, muni, niraMtara, guru carama, apara purI, guna gama meM para aadi| prastuta rAma kI bhASA parivartana ke ina niyamoM kA tathA dhvaniyoM Adi ke parivartana para prakAza svataMtra zodha kA viSaya hai| ukta udAharaNoM dvArA yaha vo jAnA hI jA sakatA hai ki bhASA sarala purAnI hindI hai tathA rAjasthAnI zabdoM kI bharamAra hai|saath hI apanA sthAna rikta kakhI huI pulI hindI aura sakSama da grahaNa karatI pratIta hotI hai| vIM zatAbdI kI iti satyapurIya mahAvIra utsAha kI tulanA meM isa racanA kI bhASA meM paryApta saralatA pratIta hotI kI hai| pAvAlA ku udAharaNa - () kA kula maMDaNa kA kula vIra, hA samaraMgI (154) (i) grAmIya)vismara karana vimAja (1) kaThina upari kI vaha ro ramajA maratezvara mAikI rAya meM dhAna ki kavi meM mIrA ke chor3a meM DAMsa vIratA kA upazamana inameM kiyA hai| (140) vi dIva va do (156 ) sabara hai, vaha hai kahai ki kA dhamAkAra kiyA hai| yA rAya ke nipUrNa saMsAra rAjya parIra 14 meDiyAmA kaviyoM kA vAstrI pR0 158 A definite tendendy to replace Apbhramsa form of words by its ammskrit equivalent comes into existence-Gujrati and its Literature by Sri K.M. Munshi- Page 86,

Page #287
254 aura zrI kI mazvaratA para prakAza DAlA hai|raas meM bharata, bAhubalI, Azraya, bAlaMbana, budha kI taiyAriyAM uttejaka babana uddIpana tathA paraspara dAnoM padoM meM dina utsAha sthAyI bhaav| senA nargana, raNa varNana, rakta pAta, budha tathA yoddhAoM ke zarIrika svama anubhAvoM aura saMbhAriyoM ke pratIka hai| bIra rasa, bIbhatsa rasa, tathA ta rasa ke ma udAharaNa daTavya hai:bIra rasaH huDa, isamama hama hamA, varavaraMta haya aTuTa banlIva pAmaka yayAri Tala TalIya maika bIca meva maNi Da hallIya 000 ko phiTa kati kAlavIya kAnAnaka koDI kimomIno kari kAla mAvaLa Com juDai bhiDaI paDAI disA baDA pati (1) kaiSiya kimara koripaDIga haragaNa sADiyA ("mAraIpuratIya bhUmima mamchara pariyA / bhayaMkara avadha mA aura rakta kI nadI baha gii| bIbhatsa kA paripAka hamAre sAne niSpanna hotA hai| bImaya ma. jeDIyama pada para nAvi gANIya mabAra apUra baDaI muhaDa paDa pAyA paDI mAmbI ni mApI mahA sari-nAravara ja rI rAma ' (sapara kI nadI aura roMge Team yA bhAvAne kara prasanna honA pIpA praba barakhA." gara- akSa ke pApA kA donoM pAnoM parasparamena badhaH jala yaitha aura vAparAra bAra so bAhubalI para vakraratna se -paroyara bAlI bImAdhI. 2-paravara bAkI rAmApI

Page #288
255 prahAra kara baiThate hai| rAjya va vigvijaya ke lie isa amaryAdita kArya ko dekhakara bAhubalI ko nirveda ho jAtA hai aura rAsa ke vIra rasa pradhAna sAre AlaMbana gata meM badala jAte hai| isa ekadama hue parivartana ko vidavAna kavi ne bar3e saMbhAra se gogA / jisameM kahIM bhI rasa doSa nahIM hopaataa| udAharaNa dRSTavya hai: pie thie ra pama saMsAra, pika dhirAbhima rAma ridina pabaha e jIva saMhAra kI dhar3a kuNa virodhe batira apanI parAgya, jIva hAni mAdi bAtoM ne bhAI kA apane hI sahodara para dharma zuddha ke sthAna para cakra kA prahAra eka dama adharma yudadha thaa| isI abhayAdita kRtya ne hI bAhubalI ke pradaya meM zama kI aSTi kara dii| ve dIvA se lete hai| bharatezvara kI mAle mAsuoM se bhara jAtI hai aura vaha unake kadamoM para leTa jAtA hai| siri bari paloca kareu kAsaNi sI bAhubale asUi mAvi parera sa panamara para pho|' ukta uddharaNoM kI bhASA barata, pAdavakI sarasa va geyatA pradhAna hai| aba mora aura mAdhurya kA samanvaya ho jAtA hai| apaja kI TakAra vamitva pradhAnatA meM bastu thiti ko aura bhI parasa banA diyA hai| bharobara bAkI rAjamAra mobanA bnii| bonasa parI mAvIma rAvI mAya mama samIra rakha pradhAna adha kAma vA mAgAva yAdI. yAmaprasAra gAya kA bobA daranuprAsa to rAsIkA pirm| isake atirikta iSTAnta, udAharaNa, bali, tyati mAdIvAnAkA gae kara kavikA mom nImA paba 15

Page #289
Agraha nahIM ve to svataH hI kA gae hai| anuprasA 256 chekAnuprasA(1) gaDha garchasa gayabara guDIya jaMgama jimi giri zrRMga tu "" (11) saI misa mahama (11) taravaravAra tobAra tu| 2-valya 0 calIya gayavara balIya gayavara guDira garjata I 3, lATAva (11) paDhana jinavara paDhama vizvara pAya paNapevi vIsA / 50 atyAsI: (1) dikhi diti vAraka saMcarahara (11) gaMgo maMgiya aMgamaipa / 6- zutyanuprAsa (1) maMDIya mani gaya kaDa medhADaMbara siri dhariya (11)vegima bolahi saMpati bAhuna / yamaka abhaMga (1) vega vega bola (11) sara sara sara ra uchalIya sabhaMga / (11) piya phAlama phAli (1) pairava bhairava raba kara e Thika bahuvita iSTAmpa sthA udAharaNa () bAma turIyamAhimI ta (1) phiri phiriya civa ke karaiya errous (1) kAjala kAla vivAha / (11) bola maMga upamA parva utprekSA- (1) bini upavAcaka dUri vini viri sohamini navo IkAni ravi haSi maMDIya kie aTa (11) (111) kI bhASika nAhi mA bAibale / raMga camara kAri bAla camara / (1) parivAhi una bAi sira DokA vaha para i ie TakaTakI TraeNka giri / (1) paMDita vinaya maMDapAvara viri pariva bhUmaMDI kA vira baha

Page #290
297 an viNa baMdhava savi samada mI zimi viNa lavapa rasoi atUlI isI prakAra vyatireka apati vibhAvanA mAdi ke udAharaNa mila jAte hai. va yojanAH mAlocya rAma kI da bojamA bhI bar3I vista hai|pr pramukha chaMda rAya hai| "rA nayA da nahIM hai| pahale ke pRSThoM meM isakA paricaya diyA jA cukA saMskRta prAya aura apakSa kI chaMda yojanA purAnI hindI meM pUrNabanA parakSita rahI hai| vizeSa taura se hindI me to apagraMka ke kaI chanvoM ko apanAyA hai| apanAyA hI nahIM una ilAra kara apanI sampatti hI banA liyA hai| rAsadoM meM abdula rahamAna ne pUrA viza rAsaka liyaa| zrI libhadra hari ne prArambha meM hI apanA da gakSa mantavya spaSTa kara diyA hai| prArambha - ziva maNi rAsaha dihi hai jaNa maga hara mana bhAda- mAvi bhavIyaNa mAmalo aura sAtha hI racanA kIsamApti pI bhara. aura putra gabaha e bA bhaMDAra alimA pari jApI ie kI parSa ebIpi pachi maraha maresara rAti banA kaSi kA manmAnya ho jaya spaSTa para mijhAmA bhare mAmata nhiiN| prArambAroM aura // 1 // mAmAnoM kI bipI viddii|vaaraa pUrva sIpIyane meM mI mAmArI karanA hotA kI, aura badoM ke prayoga rAko pahivAmAnAnI meM aneka mAnave vikA va mAraparA-vipanA liA na jumA zrI agara veda mATA rAmeko vizva svama mahImAna, eka svara mAno - -bAlA viyoM kA. strI..

Page #291
hai| DA. hamArI prasAda dvivedI rAsaka ko mAtrAoM kA mAnate haiN| pramANa meM ye saMdeza rAsaka kA yaha da - uddhata karate hai| "tU ni pahipa pikveviNa pina utiriva mathara gaya saralA imi uttAvalI baliya ru magahara calatiya cala ramaNa pari Divi bisiya rasamAvati kiMkiNa ravayatiri.' para madeza rAsaka ke isa ca kI tulanA prastuta rAsa se baMda meM milAne para jabara disAIpar3atA hai| donoM kI mAtrAmoM meM paryApta antara hai| isa rAsa da kA zilpa saMdeza rAsaka ke cheda se eka bama vinna hai| aura sambhavataH isI bhinnatA ke kAla zrI ke0kA zAstrI me * isa prakAra kA mitra baMdha pUrva dekhane meM nahIM AyA likha diyA hai DA. vivedI lisale ki virahAka ne apame vRttyAdi-gubbaya meM do prakAra ke rAsa kAvyoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| eka meM vistArita mA divapadI aura vidArI tsa hote the aura dUsarI meM ahiDanta, pattA, raDDa aura TolA manA karate the| bAta jaba hai ki prata rAba inhIM do prakAroM ho, yokidivapI meM bhI milatI hai| paY TEET- paTaka ma viAdhAra para kavi kI dhAra liyA bAbA aura aba mAnakara ca lI gyii| mAmAkA parikAra :gorakhA lipi gAva prakaraNa NITORori para yIya kAmArI pragada diyadI,.. sarovara bAlkI mApI."

Page #292
259 caupAI ahila kA hI dUsarA rUpa hai:caMdracUDa vijajA hara rAu, tithi vAtaimani bahai bisAu hA kula maiDala ! hA kulavIra hA samaraMgaNi vAisa cIra' vastu eka prasidha chaMda vastu kA bhIpracura prayoga milatA hai| 5 caraNoM ke isa chaMda meM nIce ke do caraNoM kI mAtrAeM to dohe kI hI 24 hotI hai| nIce ke do carama lagatA hai ki dor3e kI hI bhAMti hai rAja jaba rAja jaMpa sunii tes #Da bhUmi saraha maraha rAja amha sahodara maMtra mahAdhara maMDaliya, mauura parivAra sAmavaha sImA saha kahina sukulavicAra aMtima do carama bilkula dor3A hI hai| isake prathama caraNa meM aMta meM ) aura 13 15 18 mAtrA hotI 2 15 mAtrAeM vitIya carana tathA dvatIya caraNoM meM haiN| mAtrAoM kI kula saMkhyA 119 hai / prathama caraNa kI sAta mAtrAoM kI prAyaH AvRtti kara dI jAtI hai| usa avasthAmeM prathama caraNa meM 22 mAtrAoM ho jAtI hai bada para vicAra karate hue eka vasare vizvAna ne isakA saMskRta nAma vastuka yA vastu tathA vapaNa nAma bama yA vaca kiyA hai isakA dUsarA nAma rahA bhI hai| davA meM isake aneka veda kie gae hai| prAcIna rAjasthAnI sAhitya meM vizeSataH jaina bAhitya kA isakA prayoga huA hai|" caupar3a idoM ke atirikta gIna poTaka yA isa chaMda ke va nivAsiyoM kA prayoga bhI huA hai: hI hote hai vara vara vara vIravAra maMDalIya miDiyA jAna hI gaMga mAna maMgaLa mAvi gAyikA giri gRha guma gumaI cama cIna para nakula giri kama kapar3e 10 nahI 50 18 pada 93 (2) devie rAjasthAna bhAratI (3) maratezvara bAlI rAma zrI gADI 30 18 mada 9 41, parii

Page #293
260 dhama ghasIya zayaI dhAra dhAvati dhIra bIra vihaMDae sAmaMta samahari sama na laDaI maMDalIka ma maMDae 1 (145) prastuta rAma meM yaha da kaI bAra AyA hai| . , . sarasvatI dhavala: isa chaMda ko dhavala bhI kahate haiN| isameM cAra caraNa hote hairAThIu rAuta bAi pAvAli vijAhara bimjA bali cakka pahucae paThi tiNi tAli baulae balavIya sahasa jaso 2 re rahi ravi pIu rAu citdhu sAhasi nig mArie 'siDDayaNa koina abai apAya aya jokhima vIgai jIvaharavidhi prastuta rAma meM ThavaNi prayoga kaI jagaha AyA hai| jo saMskRta sthApanI accha kA apaza hai| yA koI vizeSa nahIM hai| mAtra no da kI sthApanA karane vA da badalane ke lie prayukta huA hai| vastutaH paratezvara bAhubalI rAsa meM itane hI chava prathama hue hai|kssep meM rAsa kA anuzIlana yahI hai|aadikaaliin sidI jaina sAhitya kI rAsa paramparA anya bhava kAya boM yA kAvya paraMparAgoM meM bhinna hai| mI, bI aura sI prasAdI ke meka prakAzita bhAgamA aafar TEAM prakoM prastuta kiyA jaanaa| meka deva pagAroM maiyAvadhi upakar3I jaina rAhoM meM sabase prAcIna hI bhararobara mAhavahI raam|| nImA bArA majalyayana mAge bhAratIya vimAnatInimi vijaya varSa 2 aMka 1 pR. 14 pada 145 deya diI gIta lekhaka rAsa paraMparA aura parovara bArAbahI rAsa madhyamIkA -dekhie rAjasthAna pAradI pAma01-- 104.11 parIbAradamATA kAbakavinAparavAnavAlA

Page #294
261 ke pRSThoM meM prastuta kiyA jAyagA / ye upalabdha rAsoM meM kAvyAtmakatA, kathA kar3hi bAritrika utkRSTatA, zailI chaMda aura bhASA Adi sabhI kSetroM meM atyanta mahatva ke hai| viveka taura se inakI "rAsajanya pravRttiyAM kisI na kisI rUpa meM surakSita hI milatI hai| koI rAsavabhinana pradhAna hai to koI kyA pradhAna / kisI meM mahApuruSa ke caritra kA vikAsa va guNagAna hai to kahIM dharma ke utkRSTa a free art ko geyatA meM Abaddha kara jana sAdhAraNa ke lie bama banAyA gayA hai| vastutaH mAtrA meM kramagata taralatA aura vikAsa prastuta karane meM ina kRtiyoM kA viveSahAtha hai| jinakA zatAbdI krama se vivecana kiyA jAyagA / sAmAjika kathA vastu ko prastuta karane vAle aise hI rAkhoM meM eka vIM aarat kA eka mahatva pUrNa rAsa bandana vAlA rAsa hai| jana bhASA meM prasiddha jaina kavi Ae ne isa kRti kI rakSA kI hai| candanabAlA jaina vikAroM meM eka jAdarza evaM caritravAna mahilA bhakta rahI hai| jisane apane braDbarI satItva, saMyama aura pavitratA ke lie hI svayaM kA uTavarka kara thaa| kavi AzuM sthAnI hai / baurarAjasthAna ke DI nagara jAlaura meM isa rAsa kI racanA huI hai| vaha racanA jaisalamera ke bar3e bhaMDAra meM surakSita hai tathA pratilipi saMbhava jaina vAya bIkAnera meM vo rAya aba prakAzita bhI ho gayA hai| afe are kA eka vIi ke AsapAsa kI hI hai| parantu bahuta adhika na hone aura adhi ho mahatva nahIM hai| rAva kI eka viveA yaha hai ki isameM kRtike, kavI vA kAla, vathA le na kA~va me kara kiyA hai| kRti kI eka hI prati upalabdha hone 1- bhAratIyAH zrI vijaya jI, bhAga tIna aMka 1 0 105

Page #295
se pATha kahIM kahIM uTita raha gayA milatA hai|yh pATha saM. 1437 kI svAdhyAya paritakA se milA hai|' candanabAlA rAsa eka dhAtmaka kRti hai jisameM ghaTanAoM ke kutUhala bar3e vicitra hai| rAsa kI mukhya biMdanA cAritriyaka pavitratA, strI samAja meM nArI ke sammAna kI apekSA, atyAcAra kA dhamana tathA mAna se mAnavI kI bhAgINa pragati Adi kA pracAra karanA hai| rAsa kA prArambha hI kavi maMgalAcaraNa kesAtha karatA hai:lij this prthm puhavihiM paraha-khetri vIna vIra jimaMbaha pArayo nisupara caMdana-bAta parisa badanabAlA rAsa bampAnagarI ke rAjA dadhivAhana aurarAnI dhAriNI kI lar3akI thii| campAnagarI para kozambara ke rAjA badrInIka ne car3hAI kara dii| bhayaMkara apa ke bAda zatAnIka kA eka senApati dhAriNI aura kadana bAlA kA haraNa kara le gg| dhAriNI me bhAtya sammAna ko saMkTa meM dekha aSayAta kara liyaa| samAdhi meM caMdanavAlA ko eka bAra ke hAtha beca diyaa|dd kI strI meM se kArAmAra kI hI bAhaya vebanA dii| vanamAlA apane bagIya ayama, baritra para maTakasI ne mahAvIra ko apane gayo poSana karAyA aura sa unI mAna ko paaii| kI isa kSaNAkavi ne bAnapArA kA hai| 35 DoM kI isa TIbI rasmA me lA kA saphala nirvAha kiyA hai| usakA -- -- - - - - - - miga pAsa sabhI 3 puru zrI vinarAma muri sadupadezana 4.rAvidhika vivAbhibhUSita pastAvApAImAvikyA bAlavAnI svAdhyAya pustikA rebiThA(jaisalamera bI DArakIprati pa ) sAraDAra kI prati pAka navAsA - rAjasthAna bhAratI .to0I -

Page #296
263 kyA tatva aneka kutahaloM se yukta panapane meM pUrNa hai| pAriNI va caivama bAlA ke pa citraNa ke udAharaNa dekhie(1) daMdhivAha gahiNI pahAgI, syavaMtamA pAriNI rApI tuMga bhabohara bIrasara, kRti kesa puya nayaba suryagI haMsa gamaNi yA mRga nayaNi maba jovaNa nava neha puraMgI aura bAlikA bambAlA kA paMcala yauvana aura bholApana kavi kI varNana zailI kI sarasatA va saralatA kA pratIka hai| dhuMmara bholI sA mAtA nAra dI tasa caMdana bAlA (21) . -- pAye dhAriza kAraja, galai usasau sohA dvAra kanne vIDa sa saraliyA basu siri laMbau kesa kalAra dhaNabai dhIya sa caMdapA bI biya deha pagADi pAra (12) meTha ne sada) bAlA ko dAsI ke rUpa meM trya kiyA thA para usake sahabhA vinAtA aura cAritrika utkRSTatA se use putrI kI bhAti dulAra karane lgaa| bahamI se pitA kI bhAti pUjane lgii| seTha ke paira dhone samaya se usake nAmoM ko apanI godI shigaa| seTha kI strI yA dekhakara bhAga kA ho gii| usane kI sapatti meM rakhA hira aMDamAra ikar3I bar3I nAma bAla yiaa| DIna sine svayaM ko milAkI patyA tIna rAma kA kama se hI mina-kavi na karasI mekhi bAlA ? kA citraNa yiA.. *pAya dilAyI paratIcI mANe mA . mi mA bAsa nizAna kati mAyAdhi nadinnaMbApa (1) idhara zrI mahAvIra mApI meM bhI sira , mIkI mani pUrI masA karane vAlI robIsI ke paramA karane

Page #297
kI pratijJA kara rakhI thI ata: danavAlA ne hI use pUrA kiyaa| mahAvIra ko bhojana karAne para indra ne 1zakaror3a svarNa mudrAoM kI vI kI ora inhIM mudrAoM ko dAna kara badamabAlA ne avasya prApta kiyaa| vastutaH kavi ne rAsa meM vIra kasama aura ta rasa kA paripAka kiyA hai| yuddha ke samaya tathA dUTapATa kA kavi ne amA vi kyiA hai: bajjiya Takka ikka mImANa, mevAvi ciya duriva kekANa balliyA maMDalika pauDamAra selaca paNa baTisaha meha karA saMgrAma bhari aMgoM aMgI piDIyA auraaura isa ivayava yuddha ke bAda vilmI ne nagara ko pUba lUTA jisa jisane jo jo cAhA lUTa meM lUTA- varSama kI sajIvatA iSTavya hai: hatyi kuma pati zivira pAla, bhavapaDiyA kI bADana rAra ghor3A cahi mAThi gayara, sIha vittA pUrNa kAI puraya baha gaya ghaDa iba u jItaeM strayaniya rAI (4) yavi ladhA rayana maMDAra gAvi barA humA chAra adhi pAvita bancara bAra cora barata bADiyAM pAka kirIiya pArivi pipaliyA ) vastutaH kavi ne ina varSoM meM ghaTanAyoM kI prathAmA basako mumbavA pradAna kii| pUrI yA vinAnI bAra de modd| kRti nidAna hai| pAkA balabIra banA hai| yAlA rAga puravita minI yA rAma thA prabhAva pArita kAyasavAra garI iSTikRti kA koI vijayI , paNa pATi parva choTI bhAva pUrNa bandAktI kAraNa kA pAtyanA / bhASA kI pramukha vizeSatA yA yA zuvarAmI aura rAvatyAnI kina hai| rAvasthAnI aura Apa purAtI bhopapArasI bhASA ko parelA purAnI cI kA

Page #298
Bendon& 265 kavi ne rAsa kI mukhya saMvedanA ko artha dharma aura kAma moDa meM se aMta maiM kaivalya kI prApti se sArthaka kiyA hai| jo kAvya ke prayojana hai: "sepiNi jipa dinna dANu bIra jinaMdaha kevala nApu caMdana paDhama pavattiNiya paramesaraha nivvANaha jaMti battIsA saya simsa hi aba siddhiti mArgati 14 aMta meM kavi ne akSata para sata kI vijaya dikhAkara racanA ke maMtavya pavaMsa ke uddezya ko spaSTa kiyA. yaha rASTra pUrNa vRdviyahi jaMti, pAvihi bhagatirhi jina harirdini paDhar3a par3Ava je subaha taha pavi as mahayaha jaMti jAra nauriM mAsa bhaNai jammi jammiDa vau sarasati ||35|| yaha rAsa belane, gAne, par3hane, par3hAne tathA sunane ke lie likhA gayA hai| racanA kI zailI varNanAtmaka, sarala va spRhaNIya hai| bhASA kI saralatA va zabdAvalI kA pravAha duSTavya hai| jana pAvA kAvya kI dRSTi se kRti kA mahatva aura adhika bar3ha jAtA hai| vIM zatAbdI kI kathA tathA paTanA pradhAna iMdriyoM meM bhASA va bailI kI dRSTi se caMdanavAlA rAsa kA mahatva apane hI prakAra kA evaM prazaMsanIya hai| vastutaH aise hI rAta meM mAnavatA, vArizya nirmANa, strI sammAna vA jIvana kI bahumuvI pragati kA saMdeza diyA hai| 21 skUtimadrarA svAda meM vAlA rAva kI hI pAti eka ghaTanA va kathA pradhAna sthUlipa rAha milatA hai|sttreliyaa kA jIvana caina nAyakoM meM vinAtha aura jambU svAmI kI mAra se sthati rahA hai| yUniTa aura kovA vaizya ke prati aneka mAraka kA upadeza pradhAna sthAnoM kI racanA kI gaI hai| prastuta racanA kI do hai yA dUsarI ke 147 meM kisI pUrva hai aura upa hai| jinameM pAlI bhA meM ravi hai| pIraiTa kA i

Page #299
266 pahalI prati bhI 15vIM zatAbdI kI hI hai| sthUlabhadra rAsa ke nAyaka sthUlabhadra para kAvya likhane kI paramparA paryApta prAcIna hai| sthUmi kA jIvana AcArya hemacandra ke pariziSTa parva meM mila jAtA hai|" saMskRta meM bhI inake jIvana para aneka grantha tathA sUryacandra racita guNamAlA mahAkAvya Adi rakhe gae haiN| kAlAntara meM to gujarAtI, rAjasthAnI yA purAnI hindI meM sthUlipa para saikar3oM kI saMkhyA meM rave rAkha phAgaaura gIta milate hai| saM0 289 maiM zakaTAra kA jIvana caritra hariSeNa ke bRhatkathA ko kezakAla yunikathAnakApR" nAma se prakAzita hai| ataH isa rAkha kI kathA vastu ke lie vaha kathA koka va pariziSTa parva Adi granthoM se paryApta sahAyatA kI jAsakatI hai| rAkha ke kartA ne apanA nAma spaSTanahIM kiyA hai para anta meM eka zabda * jinadhAma" AtA hai jisase anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki lekhaka kA nAma jinadharma sUri thaa| svargIya zrI mohana lAla desAI ne prastuta rAsakatA kA nAma dharma diyA hai| sAtha hI unhoMne isakA racanA kAla bhI 0 1266 ke Asa pAsa bar3hAyA hai| sthUlimadra rAma ghaTanA pradhAna hai, jisameM kavi ne aneka kautUhaloM kA samAve kiyA hai| rAsa kA pradhAna hai| bamapi rAja sthUlabhadra ke jIvana se unakI erent we ffer] bandha nahIM DAlatA parantu kavi ne apane ko avAntaranAmoM kA kAma ko Take dvArA ku kA savA avatAra hI vivadha kara diyA hai| kavi meM dAsa kA prArambha zAsana devI aura bAgIzvarI kA smaraNa kara kiyA hai tathA prArambha meM hI sTAra aura ravi paMDita kA dikhAyA hai| saMgharSa kAraNa kevala bayA ki ravi kI gAthArya rAjAoM ko bar3I priya thI aura maMtrI kaTAra (matA) kI rAjA idvArA barakavi ko diyA Avara ThIka nahIM lgaa| usane vapanI mAlikAoM dvArA usakI gAthAoM ko yAda karavA diyA eka ko eka bAra dUsarI ko do bAra aura DIsI ko tIna bAra isa krama sekTara kI

Page #300
267 kI lar3akiyoM ne vararuci kI nita navIna kahI jAne vAlI gAthA ko yAda karake purAnA siddha kara diyaa| 50 bararuci meM bhI kaTAra ke viruddha rAjA ko bhar3akAyA ki yaha maMtrI rAjA ko bharavAkara usake sthAna para apane lar3ako ko rAjA banAnA cAhatA hai| rAjA yaha sunakara badadha ko gyaa| akTAra ne apane hoTe lar3ake ko sivAkara svayaM kI hatyA karAne meM hI parivAra kA kalyANa smjhaa| maMtrI kaTAra ko sadha naMda ne mAra kara parivAra ke sAmane (usake lar3ake ke sAmane 'jisane apane pitA ke kahane ke anusAra unako maravA kara svayaM korAja pakSa sidadha diyA thA, maMtva kA mAna rkhaa| sthatimA ke pAsa jaba yaha prazna pahuMcA to ve kauzA vaidhA ke yahA bhoga lipta rahA karate the| mAI kI rAjyaliyA va pitA kI hatyA bekhakara unhoni mayA AlorimA (bazyAlo ciu) kahakara apane keza ubhAr3a DAle tathA virakta hokara dIkSA prama kara lii| kavi ne isa kathA meM utsAha nimpanna karane ke lie paraci kI gAthA kAlI ghaTanA kA majana kiyA jo kahIM kA pUrva racita tathA paravartI pranyoM meM nahIM milii| varSana va bhAsa kI saralatA imTaSya paNama dhUlipaidA rADa pADaki rita bhayara jA bADa maMDA rAya naMdA rAje maMtrI khagaDA amArAkAne pratipada piThAva sagaLA mAMsa, bikiya kA rAjA rAya napA ni pazibAvA, maNiya mAga ra bhagavAha parimAyA diyA thA kamAI aba risATI rAbavAvA gAva barabaya movilita mAtra ma merA bolina Prem mAyA MINS pai,vara kapi bhAu rAmaNa roziI pA. para kamiTArara isa tathA apane ziSyoM kI mAsA

Page #301
268 nAvaha paMDita bAhiri thAu, imbha thabA nitu gaMgaDa gAiDa a tiiy' kaam bit, smy' ant e pr'i meri mahateSa tara ma usa riya, paMDita uccha dhAuti borau gAriya u paDita kopAnala baDikA, pAsa hI samaU thI kara beDa ko pirAyA poI, naMdu ibhiGa siriyA rAja hotI nayara ivAre so nA mAliyA, mahatA kA rAja ani liyA jA mahakA avasari bAbA, taba puThi diyA punaravA muhavA jANimUla viNADi, vaibhava bhayo narabAi kati sirika bhaina balla dhAu, jo viu sAdhi liyA jA rAu mahAparA baDabA svAbhira, amita ilA rayazika nAmita siriyA kahai narivaha bAiu, bama blaDa baiMka pAiu basa hAmi iMdra amA mavi bAbA, bhAmimi viru nimA yA bhASA tala nisaNeviNa naravA piukAilA timada Amira rAyaha maMdira patikA pakSamanAtopi moga virara: (2-1) ramana ubarana meM kavi ne rAjakIya mAnyoM aura karmacAriyoM kI pArasparika IbI prathA rAga DATA mAtI pratiko mA hai| pomani lina janaka viSayavAra narama gii| mevAra sinAna koI gapa 10 para kisI para barapAnAmA para nigamakA nihIM ramA / yiA hai| isake pAmAra ko kI bama, yonI paka guru mAI usase pyA ra g on bAra pavanoM kA balama kyiA tyA goM ma pAnI meM khAne koNa kopI bAla eka marsArako saba minA bhAva holI minAko

Page #302
269 hI sabase preSTha btaayaa| isa para paka muni vRdha ho gae aura unhoMne bhI dUsarA caturmAsa usI kauzA ke hI jAkara kiyaa| para ye kAma lolupata ho ge| koza ne unhe ratna kaMbala lAne nepAla bhejaa| kAma vimohita puni ne yaha saba kiyA para aMta meM kama se hI naI hAra mAnanI pdd'ii| koza kA puni ko upadeza, muni kI kAma bimohita avasthA, ratna kaMbala ke lie aneka kaSTa pAne para puni kI usase kAmapti kI yAcanA gozA bArA unI asaMtrA, saMyama zrI kA mahatva a ra sthatimadra kI jitendriya zitika spaSTIkarama karanA Adi aneka citra kavi ne bar3I hI mArmikatA se urehe hai jinakI bhASA pravAhamaya bhAva pravaNa marala tathA citrAtmaka hai| zrAvaNa bhAdrava meM kAmotpatti tathA na mana kI caMcala sthiti aura muni kI vicalita avasthA tathA kozA ke saundarya ke prahi hue vyAmora kA sarasa varNana dekhie- vesa sasi vayaNi miga nagaNi naba jovamI, muvidhi parijivihi pari di puNi lopaNI bhAvaha puSi kA Si deza meM dullahI, amhAri ganika parijA imi gumA bajya manapara guru vaNava pararAvA kAra, beDa para pArasa para pibAmiya mA satisa puSibI motiya, baka isa dha nirie ummati bhAmA pula bhAro mAyo, pArita pATaramayaNa bhajaye va pariva pari pihimAla sAgara baniki pari piksavita jie pAra poliyo ni.mA, atya vizu vesa 'nihara kA geganime aura mA ki binA I ke nA nA bhava mI aura niti ni baraso gara uni komAmA jI, gamakI isI lipi yA na bakavi meM banI ratma

Page #303
270 kaMbala ke rUpaka meM naipAla taka maTakAyA hai| muni kaMbala lAye to kozA ne use pairoM se pochakara pheMka diyA: besA camane vidu dekhanA levinu, jADa rAya magigaha ratha iDu attha vihura hiMgRha dIvaDa, madhu dhari kammu karesijaha " sAma muSi medhuna gai naM valliu, kalihinaM jallahi meM naiti meM pillar3a are a tea aNu mamai puTThi lagugara, nepAla desi gau rathana kavala magara vega kari paiya pari bali muni Abiu, vesa lai nagai jar3a kahavilaMbA ANi puSi kaMvala rayaNu khali mohi kahai, pAu meM lAi dhani lakku bramha lahara org lAghava muSi dila kauDI gayai basa guNavaMta jasu ghapi cittu ramai yahAM taka hI nahIM vaizyA kozA anta meM ise guru banakara mahAyatA karatI hai aura sthalibhadra kA vaiziSTya spaSTa karatI hai| muni kI ratna kaMvala lAne para bhI jaba vezAne icA parI nahIM kI to vaha nizvAsa parane lgaa| vaizyA use bIla kI mahimA batalAtI hai| kAma mohita muni ke hRdaya ke aMdhakAra meM kozA sthalipadra kI vijitendriyatA se prabhAvita hokara prakAza kiraNa pradAna karatI hai aura isa prakAra puni ko vaha caritra ratna ko hRdaya meM dhAraNa karane kI zikSA detI hai| kavi inhIM manovaijJAnika citroM ko vahI latA se spaSTa kiyA hai| kavi kA pratyeka manobhAva ina varSoM meM usake kAvya kauzala aura kAvyagata saralatA kA yotaka hai: Traft para ni dosta dhAve banA maveni bhiriva vAye iha maha tu karorihiM mAvai lie jo gati kahathina hAjara vaha nepAla de NIvara, bahara kaThina hi bAiba as ne fear puSi kaMbala aDu (40-49) aura vaizyA meM ubara para kIcar3a meM pheMka diyA aura kahA ki apane caritra ratna ko DomAlo vaha isase bhI gaMdI jagaha meM jA rahA hai camaka davArA yaha spaSTa kiyA ki nepAla deva kitanA dUra thA kahA jAnA kinA hai yadi hai duniyA le gae ho kyA paritra .

Page #304
271 tApa ratna aura saMyama ratna kI prApti usa apUrva AnaMda nirmANa kI prApti hetu nahIM kara sate? ukta paMktiyoM meM isI prakAra kI dhvani hai| diTha rayala jaM kadama bhariyA, hiyaDA sunnai sahu bIsariyara tau muSivaru melhahi nIsAsA, man vaNI navi pUrI AsA jaM jiNa bhambhaha kijjai mUla, taM taruNastaNi pAlisa sIla isara vayaNa muhiyaDara gharai, mayaNa moha cittaha uttaraha ciMtA ki vaha hiyai tiraMga, saMjamataru maha spai bhAga dhanu dhana dhalibhadra so sAmiu, pAu paNAI lai yai nAbhiu (40-44) aura muni antardavanda, Atma gulAni aura pazcAta se bhara jAtA hai usakI jJAna dRSTi koza ke guru vacanoM se mula jAtI hai aura vaha vaizyA koza ke kahane se caritraratna ko hRdaya meM dhAraNa karatA hai tathA guru ke pAsa jAkara punaH dIkSita hotA hai aura vahI puni sthUlibhadra kI kRpA se deva loka prApta karatA hai. tamu upari maI macchaka kI, tiNi kAraNi maI phala pAmImsa tuhu sura guru kosA mA mAyA uM pahabo viu ANi gaye maI jaNi tau kyiA akambhU mAli vali gau mANusa jampU vaiyA komA bollA , agjina munivara mana kari kSetra cArita rabanu biDa parezI guru pAri bAThAyama bahuta mAla vaya pAlaki kaba pUraba diyA parebi pratimajima dhamma kopi yahoripA bAvi (45-40) bastubA isI prakAra kavi ne sthatimA bamita jIvana kI divya subamA para prakAza DAlA hai| rAmI pI pi para gAra pAne yA kIr3A karane kesa para prakAra kI mAliSA ke utkRSTa caritra para muni kI yA ke bArA prakArAnsara prakAza DAlanA hI kavi kA bhavya hai| koza gai bAgI paka ke sAmane vAlI hai| 4.doM kI isa choTI sI racanA meM kavi ne yAta mAra rAmA kamI mApa ke sAtha sAtha alibala bAvasthAnI /

Page #305
272 kavi ke vAkya sarala va zabda vayana prabhAva pravaNa hai| kavi ne krodha kAma, mada caritra aMtardRnda AtmaglAni tathA pazcAtApa ke citroM para samyak prakAza DAlA hai| eka do hathoM ko chor3akara pUrA rAsa caupAI cheda meM likhA gayA hai| jahAM taka kathA rUr3hi aura maulikatA kA prazna hai prastuta rAsa bar3A mahatva pUrNa hai| 15 zatAbdI meM milane vAle sthUlamatra rAkha yA skUlipa phAgu' kI mIti kavi ne kahIM bhI sthalipadra va kovA kA zrRMgArika varNana nahIM kiyA hai| ata: kAvya zrRMgAra AMzika rUpa se hI japAyA hai| aMta meM kRti nirvedAta ho gaI hai kavi ne varakavi kI kyA, muni kI IrSyA, nepAla jAkara kAma vimohita sthiti meM ratna kaMvalA lAlanA Adi ghaTanAeM avAntara rahI haiM, jisameM vaha pUrNa saphala huA hai| choTI choTI suktiyAM- yathA-bhAmiSi virahu krima va bhAjaDa, bali dhapakana rayaNa caviSu, asti slAhala rayati nAmita, sayala ima kaida baNi cita ummaliyaM, sAvarNa salila muNi sIla saMboliye nama bharaveviNu miriya kuravAne, akaranaiu saMjaya bhATuSpAlA iha gai saMdhu karIrihi bhAjai tathA vAritta ray fsass parehi gurupAsa AlovaNa leDi Adi aneka sUktiyAM hai| rAma kI mukhya saMvedanA padezAtmakatA hai tathA dharma pracAra hai| bailI varNanAtmaka hai| kAvyAtmakatA meMbara sthala thor3e haiM para paTanA vaivi aura kathAtmakatA ne kRti kI kA meM paryApta sahAyatA kI hai| mirarAva zava zAbdI kA prasiddha aitihAsika rAsa hai| rAsake racayitA zrI zrI vijaya prema vRddhi hai| kA viSaya dhArmika hai tathA kavi ne revatagiri jaina vIrya kA mahatvapUrNa vivecana kiyA hai| vI ke prati apAra zradha rakhane vAle koM * sthati para vicAra ke lie deviSa atA, naI, 1958 kAkA eka inDa kAvya bhI bukiMga kA DIrSaka lekha | prAcIna rvara kAvya saMgraha: zrI DI0DI05017 kA yAvi

Page #306
273 kI yaha rAsa ullAsa pUrNa geya tathA nRtyamalaka abhivyakti hai, jise kavi ne arotener se saMvArA hai| prAcIna kAla se hI isa aitihAsika sthala kA mahatva rahA hai| racanA kA racanAkAla terahavIM zatAbdI kA chattarAdha saM 1288 hai / prastuta kAvya kA navInatama saMpAdana va prakAzana DA0 harivallabha pAyANI ne kiyA hai| revatagiri rAmA nAma kA eka grantha aura bhI banA huA hai| isakI prati pATaNa ke saMghavI pAr3A ke bhaMDAra meM hai| jisakI bhASA ko zrI nAthUrAma premI prAcIna hindI batalAte haiN|' isakI racanA vastupAla maMtrI ke guru vijaya sena Si ne saM0 1988 ke lagabhaga kI thI isameM giranAra kA aura vahAM ke jaina maMdidoM ke jIrNodvAra kA varNana hai| revaMsa giri kA paricayAtmaka ullekha gujarAtI ke vidvAnoM ne bhI apane granthoM meM kiyA hai| usakI kathA vastu zilpa, nAyaka tathA anya varNanoM kA adhyayana karate samaya rAma kA aitihAsika aura sAMskRtika dRSTi se bhI mahatva pUrNa jAta hotA hai| revaMtagiri rAsa prasiddha tIrtha sthAna hai yahAM taka ki isakI prAcInatA kA ulphe mahApurANa meM bhI milatA hai| isameM jisa kariva nAyaka ke maMdira pratimA, va anya vastu saundarya kA varNana kiyA gayA hai ve vainiyoM ke karI syA hai jina para apane bAkI kRti neminAtha hai meminAtha kA harikRneminAtha bali hai| ' prastuta rAsa meM yAtrA varNana saMcavarSaNa tathA mUrti sthApanA varNana hai rAsa kI kyA va dhArmika hai| rAta me hai yA isameM dI evaM mAtrA ke mahatmya kA kudara kAmyAtmaka varSa hai| isa kAla ke jaina rAmroM kI viSaya vastu meM paryApta 1. siyAkA itihAsaH zrI nAmUrAma premI 50 26vi0sa0 1903 kA saMskaraNa devara bhASA kaviyo : zrI kA0 zAstrI va jaina gurjara kaviyoM: zrIdeva 20 hindI ke vikAsa meM yaha kA yoga: zrI nAmavara siMha 50 118

Page #307
271 parivartana parilakSita ho gayA maMdira zilpa kalA tathA usakI prati karAne vAle dhanapati zrAvaka kA yaha gAna varNana karanA bhI parAsa prArambha ho gayA thaa| revatagiri rAsa kI hI bhAti 15vIM zatAbdI meM hameM kavi rAma vArA 0 1289 meM libA huA eka Ai rAsa' milatA hai jisameM AbU ke prasiddha tIrtha va saMghavA Adi ke varNana hai| revaMtagiri rAsa meM bhI soraTha deza ke prAcIna maMdiroM tathA prasiGgaca paurabADa kula yA prANbATa kula kA varNana hai paratupAla aura tejapAla isI kula ke do prasiddha aitihAsika purUSa hai jinapara 15vIM satAidI taka racanAeM upalabdha hotI hai| ata:rAsa kI aitihAsikatA ke aneka aMtaraMga tathA bahiraMga pramANa milate hai| rAjA bhaMgAra,jayasiMha deva evaM gujarA prasiddha rAjA mArapAla kA bhI prastuta rAsa meM ullekha hai| jo itihAsa prasiddha vyAktimaya aura adhiNiyoM ke aneka citra jainiyoM ke prAcIna tIrthakaroM kI matiyoM ke sAtha Aja bhI bane mitaro hai| sa varNana svatagiri rAsa meM bhI milatA hai| isake atirikta aneka bahiraMga pramANa rAma kI aitihAsikatA siddha karate hai| kucha TippaNiyAM isa prakAra hai:( tejapAla girinAra tale kevalapura nimAmi 5 gapAla ne vaha apanI mA ke mAra para mApArAma vikAra miyAlaya alamala bnvaayaa| (2) varSa rekhA nadI kinAre camariyAmovara kA vyaya maMdira bhI usa samaya pAyA ra kavi ke pra viA hai| atirikta bhArapAta kI pAtI bane ko rAma samAnAra10 meM giranAra kumArapAsa pAsa nimana maMDana - - mira rAjasthAnI pUrva kI agaracaMDa mADA kA samAyarAmapani prADabATa tihAsa (bhUmikA bhAga) kI praardmaatto| rAgiri rAma, DA. harikalA pAvAnI. . bI. pAnAmA vipIkA strI . 8

Page #308
aMbayo sire sirimAla kula saMbhavopAla muvisAla tiNi nAThiya aMtare dhavala pazu paramva marAviya 1 jayasiMha deva ne saurAna ko gAra kA vadhakara adhikAra karane ke bAda sAjaNa maMtrI ko vahAM kA banDanAyaka niyukta kara 0.85 meM giranAra para neminAtha kA mandira banAyA "siri jayasiMhadeva pavA puhavIsaru, hAvi ghoratu timi rAma mArata ahima me miniSida, ziNi bha. karAvika inake atirikta mAlaya ke pAvaDa zAha kA svarNima nagAr3a pAnA banAne kA ullekha kAmIra ke ajita eva ratana nAmaka pAdoM kA vahI saMgha lekara jAnA thA vastu pAla tejapAla kA riSadeva maMdira mAdi banavAnA- rAsa ke aitihAsa mahatva ko spaSTa karate hai| prastuta racanA : kar3avakoM meM vibhakka hai|ddvk koI kAvya sma yA svataMtra chaMda nahIM hokara sarga vibhAjana ke sUcanA jabda hai| apabhraMza ke saMdhi kAvyoM meM aneka haka milate hai| sAhitya darpaNakAra ne apanava kAyoM meM kar3avaka soM ko kahA hai| parantu parama carita, harivaMza purANa Adi granthoM meM to sarga saMdhi kahalAte hai| prAyaH ina kAmoM meM aneka sandhiyoM hotI thii| aura paka paka dhi meM aneka kAmaka hote the| isare babdoM maka milakara eka saMdhi ko banAye pi ko dabakoM kA eka samUha kA vA sabhI kA ko videza diyaa| usake anusAra do bArSika pavAba kI samAdhi kA janma va rAmoM ko varSa ke paka bhAma ke annabIra bare nave varga ke prArambha kA zamA manA hai| pratyeka 1-prAraj.anIyA -bApa kaviyoM:pIkAtrI 18 - nibaMdha bariNAmAsAnidhAna *dhyAcA kar3avakAnvAditi svApAmA /

Page #309
276 kavaka ke anta meM kathA samApta hotI hai aura oka kavaka ke bAda kyA praarmbh| regiri rAma bAra kavakoM meM vibhakta hai| isa kar3avakoM meM koI vizeSa kathA sUtra nahIM hai| cAroM kahabakoM meM giranAra, neminAtha saMghapati vikA yakSa tathA maMdiroM kA varNana hai| vastupAla tejapAla saMgha mahotsava karate haiM aura neminAtha kI pratiSThA kA mahAmahotsava hotA hai| eka vizeSatA yaha hai ki isa kAvya meM pratyeka kavaka meM svataMtra varNana hai jisakA pArasparika koI sambandha nahIM hai / ina cAroM kar3avakoM meM jayasiMha kumArapAla kaDanAyaka, mAlava ke bhAva zAha ke varmana hai tathA kazmIra ke ajita aura ratna nAmaka bhAiyoM kA saMgha yAtrA varNana tathA dAnavIratA, saMgha tIrthoM ke zilpa, mUrti kA parAkrama TIT THEkAra pUrva ghaTanAoM kA varNana hai| zrAvaka bhaktoM ko dharmI banane kA Ama aura dharma pracAra hI rAsa kA uddeza hai| prastuta rAsa kI eka mati pATaNa bhaMDAra meM hai jo tAr3a patra para likhI huI hai| DA0 hariballabhAyApI ne apanA pATha sampAdana zrI sI0DI0 balAla ke prAcIna gujarAtI kA saMgraha se hI kiyA hai| 1 giri rAma mIti pradhAna rAkha hai| satvanuzya meM sahAyaka hotA hai freeder mahotva meM bahudhA bhaktoM ke meM rAsa eka bhUtapUrva ur3atA kI dRSTi karate the| dharma meM hamAre samAja ke kyoM meM eka vizvAsa kI dRSTi kI hai| isa loka aura paraloka kA nAma aura bAdhyAtmaka kA pAna * feast kI adha ke hI parivAra hai| samAja kI isI vidiSTa manovRtti ne hI samaya para aneka sAhityaka vidhAoM aura poSakatatvoM kA nirmANa kiyA hai| aura prAya prArthiyoM ke * hai| kRti meM kA pragAr3hatA hai| kavi kI padAvalI kAM hai| dUdha nidha krisa Ta par3hatA hai| pAvA gAva bahuta hai| 1- revaM viridAra kA0 u00 mAnAvI dezakA DA0 u0mI0 nAmApI -

Page #310
277 prArambha meM hI kavi maMgalAcaraNa karake Age bar3hatA hai| maMgalAcaraNa kI paraMparata bhAratIya prabandha kAvyoM kI prAcIna paraMparA hai| kavi ne giranAra ke saundarya ke kaI madhura citra khIceM haiN| anubhUmi kI sarasatA unheM aura bhI mArmika banA detI hai| kavi giranAra kA saMsAra yAtrA ke sAtha rUpaka bAMdhatA hai: 1 jima jima caDhai Di kaDaNi giranAra, timi tima UThaI jaNabhavaNa saMsAra jima jima ke jala aMgi pAlATa tima tima kalimala sayala okTra vahI kI zItala vAyu tInoM vApa haraNa karane vAlI hai: jima jima vAyaDa vA tahi nimbhara sIyala timi bhavavADI tavaNi tui nimbalu pakSiyoM ke madhura varNana, kAkalI kI miThAsa, mayura kA kalarava, amaroM kA gujAra aura nirkaroM kA nAda sAre prAnta ko kaMkRta kara detA hai| varNana kI dhruvamayatatmaka 2 aura kAvyAtmakatA iSTavya hai : "koyala kalayalo mora kekAraoM sumbhara mahuyara (ha) maDara guMjAravI jalada jAla vAle nIrani ramAula reDara, ujjila siDara jati kala sAyala vahala bahu dhAGga ra maNI, jamala sobaghUna mai me upI jattha deti divasa hI suMdarA mahizvara madhya gaMbhIra giri kaMvarA jAiku hito kucha dIvA dasa diti divasokari tArA maMDala meyoM ke aru samUha se pravAhita ravIya nirbhara malikammala giri zyAmala free kI zobhA aneka dhAtuoM evaM rasoM se yukta svarNamayI medinI arthAt auSadhiyoM se paripUrNa vasuMdharA aura vikasita kunda kusuma kA vala mAnoM vivAoM kA navatra maMDala hai 10 vahI grantha divasIya kama / 10 hI 0 3 2 pada 4 / 3- devagiri rAva: DA0 harivalkama pAvAvI // 3

Page #311
278 Adi upamAna uttama koTi ke tathA kavi kI utprekSAeM bhI ati nUtana haiN| samAsa bahulA, anuprAsAtmaka zailI aura sarasa padAvalI se kavi ne nIrasa pattharoM meM se bhI rasa ke strota umar3Ae hai| nimnAMkita paktiyoM ke prakRti varNana se jayadeva ke gItoM ke zabda cayana va komala kAMta padAvalI kA smaraNa ho jAtA hai: * miliya navala vali dala kusuma phala hAliyA,laliya ra mahi lavaya calaNa talatA liyA galiya thala kamala mayaraMda jala komalA viDala silabaTTasoIti tahi saMbhAlA 1 prakRti varNana meM kavi ne nAma parigaNanAtmaka rUpa ko prastuta kiyA hai| aneka vanaspatiyoM kA parigaNana usakI vizAla zodha dRSTi evaM bahujatA kA paricAyaka hai zabda anuprAsAtmaka aura nAdAtmaka hai| eka hI akSara se prArambha hone vAle aneka vRkSoM ke nAmoM ko va kavi kI bahulatA lie: "aMguNa aMjaNa aMvitIya aMbAutha aMkula, gaMva aMka bhAgalIya agaru asoya mahalla karavara karavaTa karuNatara karavaMdI karavIra kuDA kaDADa karIba kaha kara kamala kaMpIra bela baMjula vaula baDI veusa varaNa vihaMga, vAsaMtI vIriSi viraha, vAsiyAlI vana baMga sIma siMvali sira (sa) sabhi siMdhuvAri sirakhaMDa, tarala pAra sAhAra saya sAgu siga siNa daMDa pallava phulla kala siya, rehaha tAhi bamarADa, tahi ujjita tati pani yaha 1 utkaTa ni utvA bAdi aneka alaMkAroM kA svAbhAvika kara anusAra rUpa va utprevAoM kI yo ghaTA DI anuprAsa, gagaka frore huA hai| kRti meM unahI par3atI hai: ate: (1) nimmala mala vihAra pare (2) (3) virAma boga sundara bAra vAkul 10 bar3I, pada 5 0 3 14-1

Page #312
279 upamA rupaka- (4) jimi jimi baDai taDi kaDiNi giranAraha va utprekSA timi uDaI jaNa bhavana saMsAraha (5) jADa kuMda vihasato jaM kulamiti saMkula dI dasa disi divaso kiri tArA maMDala (6) jattha siri nemi jiNu accharA akarA asura tara uraga kiMnaraya-vijjAharA are maNi kiraNa piMjariya giri seharA ullekha, varNana, krama tathA svAbhAvokti (7) airAvana mayarAya pAya muddA sama TAkau di garvadama kuMDa vimala nirbhara sama leki (8) gayaNa gaMga jaM savala vittha bhavayAru bhaNijjai uratford as aMka iksa jala baMjali bijja (9) gagana pa mAhi (1) jina bhApu pabdha mAhi jina meru giri trihu ma tema vahANu vitha mohi revaMta giri (e) nathaNa salava memi ji 1 ras Sa" prayoga kitanA utkRSTa hai| aura aba meM kavi ne prakRti ke upAdAnoM dvArA neminAtha kA abhiSeka karAyA 97 meminAtha ke rUpa na karane meM kavi ke kAvya kA parimitA hai| vana se eka dama rati hai tA svAbhAvika mAna niSyanna huA usako kA tyoMvoM kA hai| mIvara (mI meM bamara iti vArDavara siri varIya * baMdi vijJAna va vivi narrat vivAnoM ne pratipATana maMDAra meM upalabdha hone se ise prAcIna gujarAtI ke vikAsa kI kI bar3hAyA hai| para vaha bhI spaSTa hai ki prAcIna gujarAtI kA hI prAcIna rAjasthAnI kA hai| ataH isa bAta kA koI svayaM maha 1. giri-rAyaH zrImAna0 10 vaDhI 06 pa 18-10 30 bI vijaya kvk| 06 pa

Page #313
280 nahIM pratIta hotaa| vastutaH kRti donoM hI vidhAoM kI dRSTi se mahatvapUrNa hai| saMda ke kSetra meM bhI revaMtagiri rAma kA maulika yoga hai| cAroM mahabakoM meM kamaraH 20, .., ", aura 20 pada hai| prathama bar3abaka ke bIjoM chada dohe chaMda meM varSisa haiN| dohA apaca aura hindI kA lADalA chaMda hai|kvi ne use bar3I hI saMbhAra se nibhAyA hai|" divatIya patraka meM eka prakAra kA mitra hai, jinameM halI do paktiyoM kA dAnoM ke AdhAra para ThIka nahIM baiThatA aura bheka bAra pattiyoM meM lagA. chaMda hai jo 20 bhASAoM kA hotA hai|' navIya kar3avaka kA da rolA' hai| yaha chaMda 16 kar3iyoM kA hai| ST* pAyApI ne use 11 paktiyoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai| rolA da mI apaja paramparA kA pramukha pada hai| caturtha kAtaka kI sabase mahatvapUrNa bAta ki yaha pUrA kar3aka kI soraThA chaMda meM likhA gayA hai| isa chaMda meM varNika varSa gIta ko pIvAtmaka banAtA hai aura ise haTA lene para soraThA kI mAtrAeM barAbara ThIka baiThatI hai| kavi kA varNana bAturya isI meM hai| prala rAsa kI ramamA kA bAma gAmAvika evaM dhArmika pravariyoM ko prakAra meM bIla niba kA mahatva aura parija nAmako bAvarI bhI bahAvA spaSTa karanA bIna minAma meM mA rAsasamAbhyAsa dekhA hai| isa kRtitkAlIna vaina sAno bAhityika pati aura pAki prakRti para mAya maa| praya sImA pA , prAyalavA aura deva kI bApI kI mA prasAda aura mathurA vikArAtmaka pravRtti tathA pAsa 1- paramezara zivira maya jogimAmi rAma revagiri avika viki miri ga. bAbAnI - padakar3avaka madha misa inAmaba samaya banA bhAmA vita

Page #314
taibhaba va tatsama zabdoM kI ulkAnita spaSTa hai| prayukta rAjasthAnI aura gujarAtI ke badaboM meM bhI navInatA kA prayoga hai| mAsu, parava, sUkha, mAmithi, ujila, aMbara, pAja, giranAra, pAva, dhariu, pAsATa, maThAI, mIha dI aguNa aadi| kuhA abdoM kA vizeSa vizledana dekhie kAvya kI dRSTi se isa jAti kA aparva mahatva hai| bAstava meM saMskRta sAhitya kI imTi meM bhI hama isa kAvya meM ucca kavitA de sakate hai|ismeN kurA abda camatkRti aura kucha artha camatkRtivAlI kavitA hai| yaha vidvAna lekhaka zrI gastrI kA vicAra hai| isa prakAra dhArmika sthala, dhArmika visya tathA AdhyAtmika saMdeza pUrNa racanA hote hue bhI isameM sAhiriyakatA bhaura nimarI kAvyAtmakatA kA ummeda hai| neminAtha rAsa: vIM tAbdI kA mahatvapUrNa rAsa neminAtha rAma hai| isake raciyatA zrI subhavigavi hai| yaha rAsa evIM satAbdI kI uttarAIdha kA hai isakA rakA kAsa - hai| viSaya mena mUri ke revagiri rAma ke pahale hI isa rAsa kI racanA jogii| mIki rAma kI mahimayikIya ranAmoM kI nA vahIra paDate ravI yA pratIta hogAkavi agAyikA nivAra sthAna rAjasthAnI gAyaka pipANI vara mAlI ttiimgr| progaam svAdhyAya pustaka meM upalabdha maa| aura prati aura garama donoM bAdhAra parI kA pAlamyAnamiti kavi kI bIra bhI aneka ranA hogA, komAmI naI pramI hotI hai| mApanA kImatIkApImAtI. dI sarIna,. .... lA TRI

Page #315
neminAtha para ra kAvyoM kI paramparA amava se hI milatI hai|apshitr racanAoM meM do naiminAtha jaise prasiddha vyaktitva para saikar3oM kI saMkhyA meM grantha race gae hai| kavi ne neminAtharAma meM neminAtha ke parita para prakAza DAlA hai| racanA zeTI hai, kula milAkara 58 chaMda hai para kavi kI kAvya pratimA kI parIkSA isI se ho jAtI hai| neminAtha ke syAlaya para Age vistAra meM prakAza DAlA jAbamA kRti kA malyAkna kI prastuta kiyA jAtA hai| memikamAra jainiyoM ke 2 tIrthakara the| unakA rAjakumAra honA tathA zaktizAlI, bIra, parAmI hokara bhI saMsAra se vItarAgI ho jAnA, tyAvivAha ke avasara para api nayAvanA rAjamatI ko chor3akara bala denA bar3I bhAzcaryamaya ghaTanA hai| rAjamatI bhI unhIM ke caraNoM meM jAkara dI prahaNa kara letI hai aura aMta meM donoMmahAnirvANa prApti karate hai|baaraatiyoN ke lie jInita pAnoM kA vadha kiyA gakara bhojya banAnA Adi bAdoM ne unameM vairAgya utpanna kara diyaa| naiminA zrIkRSTa balarAma pAI ye thA yAdaba kula meM sabase sarvazaktimAna the| rAma ke adhyayana se zAma hotA hai ki racanA jana bhASA meM likhI gaI yo varNanAtmaka aura meba tasva pradhAna hai jo sambhavasA mAne aura khelane ke lie hI rakhA gayA hai| prAramya gAvara ravi ne pinAra (bariSTanebina mana usake pitA naviya baurIpura kI pArAnI zivAnI kA varNana kiyA hai| bAyakA minAra sAdhAraNa parAmmI / so ko hI pani gamakA kubakI bhAvAlA meM bAra monoM kAra kI badhA hIlA pAtra ha mA jityanta panI hue| jinezvara minAtha samAcAramAlA parA varSama dRSTvaya hai| *hogA nigA vika maro jiba mana dunIyaka para parihAra para benca, vRSA nemi gumAya //

Page #316
tahi varati jAyava kula ko Di sahi ramati kIlI bar3hi sAgapurI indva sana kAla, gava na jAgaDa kitrita kAla nemi kupae ana diyA ramaM gauhari AuI sAla bhamaMtau saMdhu lepi lIlA vAI, saba sabdi sihayaNa someDa In || tumaNi papaNA kaNhoM, kicha bAya saMsa pati ameya naridA jija baluja asaMtu to bhayabhIra bhagai hari rAmaha bhAu nahiya bAsa iha ThAyA lekhAi nemikumaka taha ra hA hiyA dhasakA bhan' vividha rUpoM meM kavi ne neminAtha kI rAjya ke prati nirmita kA varNana kiyA hai| visya puoM ke prati ke sadA udAsIna rhe| rAma bhanAi pana karai bisAra, ratu na lesaha dukha kuvi bhAu ra saMsAru virata jimesa mukkha sukna karivau paramesara rakha sukna kari puSTa sukAi dhaura narai so nibar3A ninch| purSavi bhAgai hari rAmaha agagaha, baMdhaba gaya ha puGa vi samagragAha atula parikSaNa memikumAra lesiharantu na pii sahA rAma jabaibA par3iyoDeDa zaha kAraNa ra keha ikSA pradiparva kRSigADi hi kima bina moha 10-m vividha haTAnoM kAra ne mAmA ke bhAvapUrNa banA vivAye racamAna nikAya ke vivAda para lA hai| una kI lakI rAyaka ko roTI geha maiminAtha bItInI bnmy| vipinI rAma niravirahimI kama gii| mAyAmoM kA mana manA nahIM sA gayA jo barAtiyoM kepI lie kisAna pArasakAra imAra toraNa para Aye pimA parI mAre manoM ko pramADIma kara diyA- pAtI rAjIva kavina varSanIya hai| akarama kI TA sthala kabIla bhAra kA ziA - - -- - .. hindI sIlana varSa . ...

Page #317
284 " jAgA maI baccha bAlI rAimaI bahu guNihiM visAlI ugragaNa rAyaM gahi jAiya, sva suhAga sANi vikAya jasu dhaNu kesa klAbu halaMta, nItu kiraNa vAluvva phuraMta dIes dIDara nayaNa mahaMtI naM nippala lIla si vaya kamalu naM chana sa imaMDalu dikvavi bhulalA canA maMDalu mohe, kaMcana kalasaha lIDa na deI reas ures ma sarala bAlaya ke vigijaya, naM0 baMpara laya gayavaNi sAjiya jaya vastu parikSaNa uttAkhiya narai gaiyasa kattha vinAtiya iya cija viNu kariha sA bAla vAviya memakumAra dekhi (gupasthiya ) jAyana melAviya (41-45) saundaryavarmana paryApta hai| tathA saundarya upamAnoM meM bhI maulikatA hai| rUpavatI rAjamaMtI kI jIvana bhara kI sAdhanA vyartha ho gaI, rAjamatI kA sArA aMgAra tirohita ho gayA usakI kati kathana meM badala gaI para usane dhairya nahIM phodd'aa| usame bocA aise divya purUSa pUrva ke vallama kaise ho sakate haiM? kapaNa rasa meM DUbe hue rAjamatI kI vAmI baDhI dayanIya sthiti kI yotaka hai| aMta meM rAjamatI va minAtha ke bAda girivAra jAkara dIvita ho kevala pada ko prA karatI hai nimuni rAjanaI ciMva cici yaha hai naI na paravaDa nevikumAru jo vimAna kapi kari paDika kurUvi mI ji jo ki isa ho ki IDiyana balla bumaravi cikhaMDa rAima meni mAriSa vika isa yuti paya madinincha loga dhakka ana vijavara bArahamaha dagaDa varamacima pArAvika saMta dina kati yojaka bhAva ke kucha bo yo ma pAni sAvaya sAbima ma pani rojina nayanAniya

Page #318
285 za para bihu dila pavitra, nAga carama desimiti pavitra rAbAI paDa pAya napeviyu memi pAbhi pavana he viSu carama mahAsaI sIla nididhava nemi kumAra pahilo vidhiyA nemi vikRSi paviNa paDikoDivi pUrva vaimba mavi mahA mohiti AvAdapi pudi punIvara pasala sidhiI paramesaka maMtra meM kavi ne pati ke rUpa meM ca aura guNavato ke mApa kI kAmanA jiNavara aura #mikA yA zAsana devI vina pukta karane kI hai| sirijiNavA guru sImA mana haramAsu abhibhArata rasa gapi mugaina rAju sArAma bI bAIharA vidyA vidyArara sihA paTa mugAha - (17.56) pudhyikA' ke rUpa meM kavi kA nAma bhI mila jAtA hai| racanA kI bhASA apAMga se prabhAvita hai tathA jana sAdhAraNa kI bhASA hI hai| apane zabdoM kI bahulalAhote hue bhI usameM samabhASA kA pravAha hai| padoM meM saralatA aura pramAna prabanatA hai| rabamA rAsa (i) meM hai| da ke anta meM eka eka vipadI vinatA hai isakI pIliyA bhI spaSTa hotii| prakAra bhAga gayA yA rADa bAyapAra, aura nimAvi meIsa pApA kAboM bhinAya kAyAna m eiikaar| e pasAra rAzi mirasi / /

Page #319
/ gaya muTumAla rAya jaisalamera ke bar3e bhaMDAra se saM0 14..meM lipI eka prati gaya mumAla rAkha kI upalabdha hotI hai| isa prati kI pratilipi abhayana pradhAlaya meM vidyamAna hai| isake ravavitA inijagaJcandra pUri ke ziSya zrI delAna / hana kA samaya nidhArita nahIM hai para kyoMki agavyaMbrasUri kA samaya - 1... hai yA bAba saMbhava hai ki inakA kAla bhI nikAla yA 505 ke bIca meM kamI anumAnita kiyA jA sakatA hai| kRSi kI bhASA ko dekhane para vaha spaSTa hotA ki baha pAMca padoM kI adhikamA lie hai| isake pUrva barSita rAma kRtiyoM meM Ane vAle apaca Adi ke zabdoM ke anupAta meM isa kRti meM bhaya ke zabda adhikaa| phira bhI lobhASA kI kRti hone se isakA mahatva svasTa hai| prastuta rAma puni maja mumAla para likhA eka barita kAvya hai |gjmukumaar kRSNa bahobara anuva the| devakI ko apane pahale paidA huema sahita pUrNa kA muna mila sakane para usame samma ko mA mukha jikIr3A bAmada kA prabhAva khaa| kAraNa magara , nimA sAthamA kI aura do ko kI TolI bamAma lIga mAhAra prAna karane ko bAyoga mAtRtva sammakA minA pane sAnA ki mi usI vArA mAra DAle para bhI bayArI ge aba pAna pasyA karake mAyAdevA meM bAbA ki bAka borAmArA bAga kA mukhI deza kegii| maaviimaa| niyata samaya para bAlaka ho payA yo mAra bagemA yA saH usakA nAma bAsa diyA thaa| kAlI ne use hama kA pyAra pAnI ans rAjasthAna pArasI varSa ka ra kAnAvarA-zrI babara maassttaa|

Page #320
287 ivArakA Aye unakI rasIlI vAmI punakara gajamumAla ko vairANya ho gyaa| mA ke bahuta manA karane para bhI haThI bAlaka na maanaa| neminAtha ne dIkSA de dii| pahale hI dina usane unase kaivalaya kI prApti kA upAya puuchaa| neminAtha ne IcyA dubaika rahita hokara titiA dhArava karanA btaayaa| bAlaka sukumAla samazana meM gAkara dhyAnastha ho gyaa| idhara usI kA pANigrahaNa karane ke lie ekamuMdarI lar3akI ke brAhama pitA ko jaba bAta humA 'ki isane bo dIvA lekara merI darI lar3akI kA jIvana kI miTA diyA to usane vidyA ke marma garma baMgAre lekara usake sira para DAla die| bAlaka pUrA jalamayA para vo use mAna ho gayA thA ki maiM ko bAtmA I jala ko kevala zarIra kA hai| isa tarA sAdhanA va mora prApti ke lie bAlaka me jIvana utsarga kara diyaa| pApI brAhmaNa pI kRSNa ko dekhate hI pApakarane se mRtyu ko prApta huaa| mahI isa rAsa kA sthA bAra hai| kyA meM ghaTanAoM kA vaivika hai aurakyA sUtra meM sthAtmakatA hone ke pAThakoM kA utsAha pakarasa banA rahatA hai| jaina sumoM meM bhI gaja kumAta kA jIvana parika milatA hai| vastutaH pUrA rAsa kavi ne gajamumAla kI sAdhanA, zikSiAva kaivalya prApti meM prasAba barita varSa ke ma liyA hai| mAmA kI iSTi se isa rA . harivaMza kola ne apAMca gAnoM timA hai parantu manakI gApAmA sanahI malA mAtImA pA samA.. sagaramA kA kehI bhAsamar para gIlIma bhAga parivana kA kI upavA lAvAlasaramA kAThIna rahAkavi ne yaha hiravA kara pinAmi kI manAma pAe sivi rA mAra kAmbA pApA ga Fial

Page #321
mana ke rAjya kA varNana, devakI kA mAhAra bhAye hue samAna sa niyoM ko dekhakara bArurma kA varNana Adi sthaloM ko dekhie: bhayariti ra kalAmari bharavA maMti sahI ziva puravi iMdra sasaka gaya pAraNa bhArA * marAhiya kA sahArA jiba Apa uri mantra viyarita rAvi mA zAsi tArA sA basudevoM para sthAnikA pIyati para pavAbolibhAmamA vizI vA janmiya nAvApuratoya raf mA niyamazira mA bAma sinni ukta api bAya sAmya siri bacchavi banI bi biyAmA hinmi nArI pAnA / ko miyo ko kara gopiyAra bhAgAra nemAva aura pAra nirI pugiyara barA , mAyA vAyA ki pAsa jayAbA... mivara bAbA () mahobara nAti mAgi. vi pi naDiyA nita taram.malAmA HINRemem

Page #322
289 pugyi eca rayaNa tahaM hariyA, viSi kArapi tui suya avahariyA bi hoi nimitU vara barA kareI mulasa sarAviya tAmyA suru allAI devA bhUmivara baMdA gAmba harisa visAu parai maNi vAmba mulaya sapanniva mA dhAritADiyatra puNa bAla viuihi bADiya silavA malahAvai gAva, devai mana imbhaka hui tAmba kavi ne gayamumAla kA smazAna meM jAkara kanni titikSA kA varNana dekhie moDa mahAgiri buraNa bajja pavatasvara ummalama gagya mumarini jiNavA nemikumAra maya sukumA lei kyabhAra kila kAugiMga sAmba bArabi pasANe, vAravA nayarIe vAhira ujAye mi su divasa kaviyara pekSA tiriya jala pavAli dinA amha dhuMba binaDiyapariNiya jela, jaminaTa taka kara joyA kaThora sAdhanA meM kevala mAna kA upAsaka gapa zAvaka kI bhAti komala gajamukumAla saumitra brAhamaNa ke citA meM seuDAkara aMgAre DAla dene se jala kara vahIM masta ge gae aura nivASa ko prApta hue nAyaka kI yaha sAdhanA kavi ne kI hI adha se barSita kI. "bAvA manAlA piAkare, vAma ra nArA Niews umAvika mAramA diwi pisi vivAda viva barapAna na paramiri RE, Mima kAmA bastA abarAmada kiraniviya yA vA vidhiranidra mAyA pani banAe nimA bAra aMDamADiSi umAzimA pAni ma bigaa| sa na line na rahadeva spaSTa kyiA hai| kavi ne yaha pati pradhAna rAma mAmA kI yA pradhAna mAnA kI prati ki rA nAma, janama karane aura bAda mana hone kI vA - rAvasthAna pApI varSa pada (R ). 1 .

Page #323
gayA hai| e rAja muDeyaha jAI. raksara yA saMdhu bhavAI e rAjo desI muSi sI so pAsaya siba mubaI hAtI vastutaH sandhi kAlIna rAmoM meM pAyA kI dRSTi se pasI kRtiyAM vizeSa mahatva kI ho sakatI hai| inameM apara kAlIma prayoga aura zoka bhASAoM ke bIca kii| saMkrAnti kI sthiti spaSTa hotI hai| alaMkAra Adi kI imTi se kRti kA mahatba gauNa hai| voM kA yaha rAma nivAsI kavi ne gaya sukumAla kA parita varNana karane meM hI sArA carita gIta tikhA hai| isa prakAra yahA~ taka Ate Ave yA spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki rAma ke racanA uddezya meM kevala nRtya gAna ullAsa kIr3A bhAvi na rahakara unameM kyA tatva kA pUrNatamA samAveza ho gayA thaa| isa tarArAba karabamAoM kI bastusthiti kAlAntara meM bar3A parivartana ho mamA . . . . - - ..baDI, paba

Page #324
: kakI rAsa : 14vIM satAbdI ke uttarAIdha meM eka racanA kamalI rAsa milatI hai| racanA kA lekhaka azAta hai|rcnaa kAla, racanAkAra aurarAma ke rakhanA sthala kI saMbhAvya kampanA rAsa kI aMtima paktiyoM se kI jAsakatI hai| zrI mohanalAla desAI ne bhI isakA racanAkAra zrI prabhAvita iri mAnA hai|' para maha bAta ThIka nahIM jaMcatI hai| rAsakI aMtima paMktiyAM isa prakAra hai mAtrIsaha abADi lAmaNa pavadhara sAhabo chayabI gayara mamAri ArivAra bhI mi kisI kamala pari niyapATi badhi prajAriThavIyo kamIra mAvIu prIDa pani anyA kIo kaSi patra murakoDa gavAra maMgAjata vimalo nAbI cirakAla prapA prajJA tilaka re jina zAsaki nADA gurubhavI gaI kalpataro bAbAga aba umAhobA mi mA basakaro aura trikA meTA nimti jiba hari zimalava sAvi parakA isamawittent kA nAma, rAsakA lAniA banA vaka koTi hai| zAI bI kI nAkA paridhAra isa bAra homa kisI prakopa se baha svayaM apane lie mAgAstrI kA mata hai ki aisA me yogaa|' para zAstrI bIkA pra prAcIna pUrvaegabAnI vikAsa kA bhASAkavikopIkAvAmI

Page #325
mAdhAra bhI isa iSTi se kisI nizcita pariNAma para nahIM phuNcaa| bastu racanA ke sthala carita nAyaka aitihAsika vAtAvaraNa TT ulAsa evaM prazaMsAtmaka varNanoM ke dekhakara yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki yA to isakI rakhanA kisI saMghAdhipa dvArA yA prAtilaka sari ke hI kisI maMtaraMga ziSya ivArA huI hogii| ___kamalI rAsa paka aitihAsika pIti racanA hai jisameM bAi kA abalezvara jaina mandira, caMdAvalI, koriTavaDa ANi vaina tIrthoM kA varNana hai| sAtha hI Adhu ke analakuMDa va paramAroM kA varNana pI kavi ne kiyA hai| koI kyA vizeSa mhiiN| kamlI grAma meM utpanna zrI upIDa marikA parAmpa aura gairya varNana hai| dhArmika dRSTi se machalI prAya kA mahatva spaSTa kiyA gayA hai| sAtha hI kavi meM saMgha varNana yiA hai jisameM prabhAvita hari pramukha pAtra hai| udayasiMha ne siMghanikAla paMpa baMdrAvalI gagA, vahI sAvana ke putra kamala mUri kI dIvA iI aura jaba korinTa baha sthAna para prazAtilaka ke ksiI ziSya vizeSa ne rAsa racanA kI hogii| sthA kI dRSTi se isa dhi kA koI vizeSa mahatva nahIM kyA meM koI navInatA bhI nahIM milanI para mApA kI aura do kI iSTi rakhanA mahatvapUrNa hai| kavi maMgalA baraka ra Na yiA vAgAra nivAra aura aniyamita bIvana yApana karane vAlA kavi mevA pugIna miyA mAtIla mAna upari mIra babamme maratdhi miliga bAlavIya kI mAra vidhi / sAinTika milatA hai |yo dohA caupAI bAdi tISa pUrvara gIlA

Page #326
do milate hI para bhUlamA chaMda vizeSa zilpa ke sAtha barSita huA hai| yaha chaMda 20 mAtrAoM ke caraNoM kA milatA hai isameM do kar3iyA~ hotI hai jisameM eka dohA va dUsarI koI vipadI hotI hai| chaMdoM ke kSetra meM isakA maulika yoga dikhAI par3atA hai| bIca bIca meM jo bAra bAra padoM kA pravartana hotA hai vaha da ko layAtmaka banAtA hai| isase isa rAma kI yahA janma prAlita spaSTa hotI hai| eka udAharaNa dekhie. mIvara ta Diva rahijai jai guru sidicAhiM caMDI 'visahaka bhAva parivali je laSIu pa labIra kapaDI u pari DA milhi kari ho gae yoga dhAlIna catu paDhe milIu ra gilIu e gilIu chAla puryago pAu pillivi samuhIma Dara DaraM thIu mAdho jovahAra savi matIya jIvaI yahIvaDaI pahIyA paDIu dAdhI bau gari mUkIu rama haraNa kIdhA sIDa karAlo bhASA iri pIu risIu pa irisIra parisIra mayaka sabAlo' mA isase pUrva bhIma ravi jinAvara ra vivAna rAbI bhikhA, mikA malA ma miA vA aura ko * pararovara bAkI , Ma r at mAmAnImA miti me mA kA varNana karane paraparA ni timI kyiA me| -ziri para pariNIyo bIbI sAyamina rAjI ___ dhamIya roha nivArI mAra, gavAra mA giriantan

Page #327
294 sara pravavadi moharI ya zrI lAlacaMda mAvI ne isa chaMda korAsachaMda kI saMjJA dI hai| jo saMbhavataH rAmra racanAoM ke lie eka cheda vizeSa ho gayA thaa| zrI ke kA0 zAstrI ne isa cheda Lu 13 aura 16 16 13 kI ko mizra cheda kahA hai tathA isameM 16 vipadiyAM bahAI hai|' isa chedoM ke atirikta dohA baupAI cheda mI milate haiN| Te mahotsava ke lie liyA gayA hai ataH geyatA usameM vidyamAna hai| bhASA ke saMbaMdha meM racanA kA mahatva sAdhArana hai| loka bhASA ke pravAha meM kavi ne "ba" jaise zabda kA prayoga- ii kamAlI kAlapuDI laukiDi me lokahi ye lokihi vAiya ba * kiyA hai| rAjasthAnI meM bolavAla meM Aja bhI bUMba zabda milatA hai jo saMbhavataH jora se cIkhane ke lie prayukta hotA hai| yaha bhI sambhava hai ki yaha zabda videzI ho / nayedoM meM- kamaTha, vAya, varamAla, banagara, pAvajina, analakuMDa ciMtAmaNi himagiri dhavala, bAbila, upavAsa, mUkI bIjI, pukati, prIti, cirakAla vimala Adi aneka zabda milate hai| ataH ina zabdoM mAvA meM navIna zabda ke ma kI ksa spaSTa hotI hai| 1 bAbU ke inhIM kAvyoM kI paraMparA meM isI vastu ke do vistRta rADa kAvya milate hai| ina kAvyoM meM dAnavIra pariyoM kI mAnavatA kA varNana hai| donoM kA manISa de kiyA mAdA kA pAyA aura chedoM koTi ne donoM rA mahatva pUrNa prabandha hai| *+ Buyers" --* r*4* - 2011 - Ji Jia prakAra kI kyA saMgha varNana hai tathA 2- (isake prathama pRSTha kA) paramezvara bAlI rAmaH zrI lA0ma0 gAMdhI, 102 / 1- prAcIna mu0kA0saM0 zrI dalAla, 3059 2. prAcIna kA00 zrI 505 3- ApanA kaviyoH zrI kelkAvyAstrI, 40156-601 4- prAyakA0saM0 zrI prAcIna vaira kAvya saMgraha zrI dAsa pavenDiksa 10 pU0 11 / 10 mI0 10

Page #328
295 ye donoM kRtiyAM prakAzita hai tathA inameM pethaDa aura samara siMha kI dAnavIratA, parAkrama, aura zaurya, sIdhAdvAra tathA saMgha kA varNana hai| donoM rAsoM meM se pahale kA lekhaka aura samaya anizcita sA hai para prAptavahiraMga pramANoM ke AdhAra para ise saM0 1363 kI racanA mAnI jAsakatI hai| pethaharAsa kI pUrNatA para zrI zAstrI ke0kA zaMkara prakaTa kI hai|' yo racanA kI puSpikA "iti zrI prAgavAvaMza maukti kAvya per3a rAsa samApta" ko dekhane para yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki lakSya bhI pUrA ho gayA hai ataH racanA ko racanA apUrva nahIM hai| racanA kA apUrNa kahanA adigdha hI lagatA vastutaH zAstrI jI kA anumAna bahuta ThIka nahIM hai| kavi maMDalika para bhI mata vaibhinaya hai| para maMDalika kA pramANa rAsa meM mila jAtA hai| kRti kA aitihAsika dRSTi se bhI bar3A mahatva hai| kaI aitihAsika puruSoM yathA karNarvapaila, baMgAra, jAdi kA varNana bhI milatA hai| zrI strI isake katI ke viSaya meM likhate hai ki- "yA to isa kAvya kA racayitA hI baMgAra hai yA vaha nahIM hai to maMDalika kA pitA begAra hogA aura vaha vRddha hogA ataH maMDalika hI isakA karanA hogaa| baMgAra kI mRtyu ke pramANa to vi0saM0 2316 meM hI milatA hai| jo bhI ho, kRti ke ekAkAra aura svanA kAla donoM kI sthii aspaSTa hai| prApta prabhAvoM ke AdhAra para maMDalika ko hI isakA rAkAra kahA jA sakatA hai ma kAkA 10 mAnA jA sakatA hai| per3a bacA aura vAla kI mAvi balI thA / samarasiMha kA yaha bhI dhar3a se kama nahIM thaa| per3a aura sagara donoM dAnavIra puruSoM ne vaidha nikAlA thaa| per3a rAya meM kaI sthAnoM para krIr3A bAla, lakuTA rAma, nRtya saMgIta, gAna 10 Apa kaviyoM kI ke0kA0 zAstrI, pR0 197 130 308

Page #329
Adi ke pada milate hai| kudA kAvyAtmaka sarasa sthala dRSTavya hai: "devAiI bAtIya, mayaNi visAlIya, ditIya vAlI,raMgi phiratI harisa bhare tAhi belA nAbai mela bahumata belA vAlA mola laDDA rasi ramaI' kAminI pAmipi pavala diyaMtI gAyatI guNa jipabarA ati mAha mAtra samAha varIyala *ni gutI va hai cArA DA ravI bADI, navA naverA dAI mehaNa gaNa sathana va ghamA dhamerA sama vivarA sati na dIbaI akhi puSa baida cayana kI agamitatA, sarasatA tathA gItimA ke sAtha sAtha kavi ne rAsa kIr3A kA mahatva spaSTa kiyA hai. "rAsa ramevara jina puSi tAla meba viyAre saMgha talAyana ropiTha va samagiri vigiri mevisa aneka AlaMkArika ikviyAM bhI rAsa meM mila jAtI hai| () pira paDa garava karei lIgai rAuta cha dhaI (2) manUba jamA havaM saha karIja liviya yauvana lA lIjA (0) eka cita sapi mamAna jAma () cima cama kA baTTIyara pAmira bAbara Nmara bAra samivivAra sAtha hI nAriNI mAya mAminiyoM mAravANArI bAba yA kIr3A ke sAtha milA aura bImAmA varNana hai|' isI prakAra zrImada harirArA gadhAramA sthala bhI ganIma rAbaralA vezya, gAne, kIr3A karane aura ityApana mAga po. erA ko paDA, guNA,mAvi jiNa hari beDa ani po va e tIratha pa vIrapa eDIraNa - -prAcIna kara gayA . peDisa..

Page #330
297 samarasiMha ne musalamAna sulatAna ko prasanna kara ca nikaalaa| bAdazAhI mustAna me saMgha kI bar3I sahAyatA kii| samara siMha ne aise sAmpradhika samaya meM iMjaya tIrtha kA uddhAra kara AmiAtha kI pratimA sthApita kI aura jUnAgar3ha prabhAra paTTaya Adi aneka aitihAsika sthAnoM kI yAtrA ma samarasiMha pATaNa lauTa aaye| rAma kaTI ne aneka aitihAsika ghaTanAjoM kA rAsa meM ullekha yiA hai| kavi ne pAsaha, muntAna bhIma, matapamAna, mIra bhAtika pAhidara mAlika mAvi aitihAsika vyaktiyoM se rAsa kA sambandha spaSTa kiyA hai| racanA kA bastu varNana bhAga meM vibhakta hai| muni jina viSaya bI me isakI saMkhyA hI batAI hai aura zrI balAla ne bhI ise vAvarI bhASA hI kahA hai" ina bhAnoM kA vizeSa avalokana karane para jJAta hotA hai ki saMbhavataH kavi ne inakA vibhAjana IdoM ke AdhAra para kiyA hai kyoMki hara bhASA meM vaividhya hai| mAyA samApta hote hI parivarbama ho jAtA hai isa dRSTi se pATha kA adhyayana karane para bhAsa hotA hai ki ise 12 bhASA ke sthAna para 13 mAoM meM vipakta honA caahie| kyoMki vArI mAga kI kar3iyA eka hI chaida meM calatI hai jisako ke0kA. zAstrI ne vipadI yA mAnava kA hai| para usake bAda gAvApApA dohoM rakhI gaI jisa svara ke gAyoM kA bIna bAra bhAvI miLavA isa babana pAga ko bhI bhASAmA nA sakA hai|paapaa mArakIrA milA prakAza dharma pariva sUcaka hai| kavi bhAradIna aura mIrA kI prathA Dosa kI kavi ko varSa gAvipa bAbika pU jA karato. pika vijJAna karisa ghora niyAtyo gAvi barobara piparamizI vihita 4 kiri agara dezi bhAmA bAbA 1-prAkA - bApa kviyo|nii ke0kA nAstrI..in

Page #331
pAta sAhi suratANa pII tahi rAja karei, alapabAnu handUbA loyathA pAnajudaI mIri malika mAniyai samaka samaraNa, pamamI nai para ubayAriya mAhi lIha basu pahiliya dIpaI asaMkhya senA ke sAtha samarasiMha calate hai|haathii, ghor3e, yAtrI sainika phalahI, aura sthAna para sthAna para utsaba AnaMda saba kA anumatipUrNa varNana hai: ghor3oM sTo va senA varSana meM kavi kA kauzala darzanIya hai:gayA jiya saMsa basaMha nAdi kAla iMDabar3iyA ghor3e caDhAi sansAra bAra rAuta dhIMgaDiyA sara devAlaya govidhagi dhAri zubhamakA sama visama mAvi gaDa kora mAvi vAriu thakkA sijavAlA bhara par3a rahA vAhini bAge ghnsi k l t dr'i mukli paar hamIsaha Arasaha karaha vegi paDai bahasa mAdakyiA cAra abaka mAvi deha balla rApake dIpakoM kA tArAgaNoM se sAmya vinA spana mizidIcI watt ava janita bArAba pA pAra na pAmivara vega bahAna prati varSama, bhASA Tom, manamAyA kaviko mAyA mAkAroM ne bolA nimAmipoM sage pAnI(a) ma mavIra yA vimA poliya dina mAgalapa (2) puroDa nigarA Tika paNi rAsinIlI vahAbI paDatiha 61) bApa marA kara pulisa dhyAna vivi maMpiyana panta parivAra

Page #332
(5) dhamma dhoriva dhuri dhabala ii uttayA,ma piMjari kAmadhenu puttayA ___indu jimi jabarathi vaDila saMcArapa, mUha vasiri sAli dhAna ninahAla e (O ritu avatarita nahi jivasaMtI purahi kusuma parimala pUratI samaraha vAjiya vijaya Takka, sArA seTha sallA sAyA kemaya kuDaya kaba nikAyA. (7) bhASike motiSa bau pura pUra ratana mai vehi mobana javArA bhoka vRkSa anumAn pAlana palihi ritupate ravivale toraNa mAlA devakAya miliya dhavala maMgala diyA ki nara gAyahi jagata garo' lagata bhAtara mura guro sAdhae patrITha karaI sidha mUri guro ukta ucaraNa se pati kA kAvya kauzala tathA bhASA meM khatmana baDdoM kA samAveza vidha ho jAtA hai| bhASA meM videzI padoM ke aneka udAharaNa isI kRti meM milavAne hai.. ( sallAra -ghor3e bahai pallAra sAra rAuta sIgaMDiyA (2) mAnakAnu-maiTilaM ye khAu kAna pAnu (ka) bahidAramAlika ahibara e palika-mApasa dInna le zrISi prApathae (4) mIra maliza- mIra malika manivaDa samaru bagarama (5) pAla, malapAna, imiya, basa, free, bhavAvi- (pAsArakhApa pIDabI rAjakA pAna yA kovalamAna na deha mAlI ra iniya mirAba na pANIva hIna bIragama (gali mimi bar3havAdi / bAra marA donoM kA bahI mAtva hai| ina donoM rApArA T vaividhya ke aneka prayoga lie.. - marArAsAkAra.m barArArA..

Page #333
350 unakA kramaza: adhyayana isa prakAra hai: per3a rAsa meM chaMdoMkA vaividhya dRSTavya hai / eka to loka bhASA aura dUsare chaMdoM ke badalate krama ne kAvya pravAda ko bar3hAyA hai| isa kRti meM cAlU rolA dohA baupAI aura caupAyA to hai hI navechaMdoM meM savaiyA gujarAtI kavitA * sarva prathama prayukta hue haiN| gujarAtI kavitA kahane kA kAraNa yaha hai ki jayadeva ke gIta gobiMda ke pUrva prayukta svaiyoM meM to devI paddhati thI kI parantu isa rAma meM savaiyA meM vividhatA lAne kA prayatna hai| isameM bAlU bhApa ke padoM meM kucha mAtrAeM adhika dI hai aura kucha mAtrA bar3hAye hue chaMdoM meM tribhaMgI chaMda kI bhAMti yati anuprAsa jaisI paddhati prastuta kI hai| ' triNI cheda 32 mAtrAeM hotI hai| yaha dasa hotA hai Adi meM jaga 8,86 para yati aura aMta meM guru varSa kA honA ( / ) varjita hai / isake zAstrIya lakSaNa mAne jAte hai| udAharaNArtha: vAmmIya nizugara loya ki saMgha samabhavIjaga prANa vIjaka pariyatti bhImA lAi lAi dhana kaNa klaba slIya raMgi rAma havaM navarasa, navaraMga namI pare simI jo karaI niraMtara pare pare eka vizevazada isa rAta meM milA hai| vahIM mi kahalAtA hai| kahI rAya meM biha prakAra kA utsa prakAra kavi ne isa paddhati ko sadana kahA hai| cakAra vAle bada meM lavaNa ke pazcAda jo jAtA hai, nA soraThA hai aura usI ke sAtha kar3I meM do paricita hotA hai para uttarAIca meM usI paMkti meM bAra bAra nAmI hai| isake bAda dezI savaiyA kA prayoga hai| ke bAra prayoga hI viSTi hai 1- mApana kaviyoH zrIvAstrI 0204

Page #334
301 *vAya vaddhApaka atihi soDANaM risaha bhUmaNi ratnI Ama pa bhavijana kalasa kaMcana maya maMDibale e luksa jalaMjali devaiti kusumaMjale maMti dIpa rIma jIma utAraMti jala lavaNa mamhaNa kareti sAmI sugaMdha jale kapUri puri prIya timi kIyali mRga mAthi mahaNa trijaga guru guNa milA devA cideva jou velavau sebatrI pADala bahula kusuma paramala vipula pUjate / |vaay vaddhamanu / / isake atirikta gota govinda kI 27 mAtrAoM kI dezI savaiyA paddhati meM do cheda isa rAse meM milate hai| ina savaiyoM kA prayoga pahale gIta govinda meM hI milatA hai: *rAjala kaMta / sahi nAcinara sahilaDIe lalAgIya girinAre rAjalivara ilinAmapara sAmalA saMsAro / tahi nAcinae || aMga pakSAli sugayaMdamaie jala paharIya dhoti pravIya indra mahotsava AryamI tahi bayaThali bahu dhanavaMta / tahi nAcinaya sahi0 || aura isake pazcAt kavi ne rAma ke aMta meM dezI paddhati meM dohA kA varNana kiyA hai vaha bhI apane hI prakAra kA hai jisakI eka yojanA meM bhI vaivizva hai: afe mA mora pUrI bhakloIma jagannAtha sAva pUjana ihArIya valIkA thama cukI baath| yadi nAbI klIvA gaI girinAri somanAtha veda yaha maMdira kI bAna far pIyA mama rahA ki bhagar3a Ima / / tahi nA0 / / piyA hi harIbAlA bUDhA re sUravAhe saMpata manIlA bUDhAre upamA rAya meM mIdoM ke bhautika prayoga hai| kavine dohA rolA, didI, porA bAda meM rAsa rakhA hai| kI va va mAvA meM bIbAI yA 5 kar3iyAM rotA kI hai| vI 9vIM meM kramazaH 10 kar3iyAM divamadI kI

Page #335
302 9 kar3iyoM kA eka bhUlanA chaMda hai jisameM atyAnuprAsa kA kAvya camatkAra hai jisameM usakI geyatA spaSTa hotI hai aura yaha cheda prathama bAra prayukta huA hai| 10vI bhASA meM doDA aura 11vIM meM kavi ke naye prayoga hai prArambhika kar3iyoM mai 16, 16 mAtrAoM kA eka carama hai aura phira 13 mAtrAoM kI eka mAlI / ravIM ravIM bhASA meM isakI tripadI chaMda hai| isameM pohe ke sAtha "e" kA prayoga va Avartana tIna bAra milatA hai| isa prakAra donoM kRtiyAM atyanta mahatvapUrNa haiN| vastuta: To hariva ko ne apane grantha apabhraMza sAhitya meM ina kRtiyoM ko skUTa sAhitya kaha kara chor3a diyA hai aura ina rAsoM ko apabhraMka kI hI kRtiyoM mAnA hai para ukta vivecana ke AdhAra para inakA yaha bhrAmaka siddha ho jAtA hai| aisI kRtiyoM ko apa kI kahanA prApta tatkAlIna lagabhaga sabhI racanAoM ke lipa, mASA, zailI, kAvya, tathA itihAsa kI mAnyatAnoM kI upekSA karanA hai| vastutaH donoM rAsoM kI sAhityikatA siddha hai| Tong da di ta di TN HANH MOT TEN

Page #336
303 1 1 mayaNarehA rAmra 1 hindI jaina sAhitya meM jaina varita nAyakoM kI hI bhAMti jaina sAdhviyoM aura mAdarzanAriyoM (saMtiyoM) para liDI gaI aneka racanAeM upalabdha hotI hai| mayamareDArAsa jaina Adarza rAjaputrI bhavanarekhA kI javana kyA hai| prastuta rAsa 5 ThavaNi meM pUrA huA hai| sadiyoM ke jIvana carita varNana kI paramparA bhI aba prAkRta aura apabhraMza kAla se hI milatI hai| 13vIM se 15vIM zatAbdI meM rAya aura catuSpavikAoM ke rUpa meM aneka kathA kAvya milate haiN| pUrvIllisita candanabAlA rAma kI bhAMti mayavahArAsa bhI satI madanaresA ke satItva, nArItva aura pativratya jIvana kI mArmika aura karUNa kahAnI hai| prastuta rAsa jinanamahUri kI paramparA pustikA saM0 1425 se prApta huI hai racanA kI pati amayIna granthAlaya meM surakSita hai| kRti ke racanAkAra kA nAma kahIM nahIM milatA hai| rAkha kI aMtima pakti meM do bAra ra zabda kA prayoga huA hai: salaha yaha vayara ramana jiva mUla na jAe hama jima bI kavi kahaNa na nAra ataH bahuta saMbhava hai ki vaha vahI racanAkAra ho, para phira bhI sthiti yadi nahIM kI jA sktii| uttarA kI yaha kRSi kAvya kAvya kI dRSTi mahatvapUrNa hai| isa racanA kA 3 bAbA pravAha, aura thA kI dRSTise # prArambhika maica prati kA madhyavartI patra prApta nahIM hone se upalavdha nahIM hotA / prArambha dahI racanA prArambha hotI hai| nahIM mile aura 1-4 30 96-203 para batiyoM ke do rAmra cIrSaka lekha * vistRta vivecana ke lie dina- mahAvatI madanarekhA ke nAma 01 bI navanarekhA: prakAzaka zrI jaina hilA maMDala, ratalAma zrI jI mahArAja, 11500 1188 1- devI

Page #337
304 mayabarehA sudarzanapura ke rAjA maNiratha ke bhAI yugabAr3a kI rAnI thI | maNiratha ne usake asAdhAraNa saundarya para Asakta ho usase prema kA prastAva rkhaa| satI ne usakI mArga ThukarA dii| basaMta krIr3A ke bahAne eka bAra yugabAhu sadampati upavana maiM gyaa| maNiratha ne dhose se vahAM pahuMcakara usakI AtmA hatyA kara dI / mayaNarekA jinadharma ko prema karatI thii| usake putra kA nAma caMdrakumAra thaa| pati kI hatyA ke samaya vaha aMtasthA thI / usI sthiti meM vaha vana meM nikala pdd'ii| idhara maNiratha ko bhI sAMpa ne kATa liyA aura vaha mRtyu ko prApta huaa| putra prApti hone para mayarekhA nadI meM snAnArya gaI to eka hAthI ne use uchAla diyA aura eka vidyAdhara ne usakI rakSA kI tathA usake sAtha praNaya kA ghRNita prstaavrkhaa| idhara satI ke sadaya utpanna zizu ko yaka padmaratha nAmaka rAjA le gayA aura bar3e hone para vahI nemirAja rAjA huaa| kadrayatra bhI sudarzanapura kA rAjA banAyA gyaa| satI mayaNarekhA ne idhara dIkSA lekara vidyAdhara se apane vIla satItva kI rakSA kI aura use kaivalya jJAna kI prApti huii| anta meM usake donoM putroM ne bhI apanI sAdhvI mAM suvratA (mayaNarekhA) se jJAna prApti kara dIkSA grahaNa kii| isa prakAra satI navanarekhA ne apane zIla kI rakSA kI / kavi ko isa karuNa kRti kI racanA meM aneka sthaloM meM kAvyAtmaka varNana karane kA avasara milA hai| racanA meM aneka mArmika sthala hai| prArambha meM hI kavi nemaNareDA ke saudarya kA makita varNana kiyA hai: dhArAvI ------- ------- --------- vaha ThIkA vanadevI, rAmamara jina ne karI usake isa prakAra ke regate viharavI bina manahara marmatI se mara mama bIDa yA bahumatI bhaya bAlavAra devi ghari kAvali hA bahatI (e-c) karama ilIlA karaDI, sI jina kiMpi bhavaMtI paramavira roka gayA usane apanA kulasvAma usa re se kyA kavi ne una donoM ke uttara pratyuttaroM ko bar3e hI " -

Page #338
varNita kiyA hai| bIca meM kavi kI upadezAtmaka sUktiyAM bar3I anUThI hai: navi vega purANa sugIjA, ciya pAri loi isIjai saMpi maresara maMDiu kyU, pekhara bhayaka mahA par3a rakha kuli kama lohima vRddhi karavaTha, niyama banlI aMgiga vAMtara hA hArava tiyAmi pAka papie bhayakA praviripattA tAmaha pa maNi raho rAu, bhayabhi mahApaDi gajiu / bullai ra vayam vinAza, Na ubhaMgapi lAgiya ra bIlaha e sovana resa illae mayamA nimmalIya maravara e kyA vicAra, nima kula saMpaNi bhaniratIya puragiri 5 minhA ThAu mAthi purAlA mahilA ra tihayA ekka mailekha, boya na mayamA manu bala e (0.2) aura isake pazcAt ravi madhuritu ke varSana meM DUba jAtA hai / prakRti ke upAdAnoM kA parigaNana kavi ne bar3I kuzalatA se kiyA hai| madhuritu kyA AImAnoM majaretA kI bAta zrI hIsadA ke lie TUTa gii|bsNt kIr3A ke lie yugavAha aura paviratha paaye| maurakAmalopa magiraNa maMgI alavAra kara banA hai| vAnTI bAtAvaraNa ko kinAra bAbIvarasamA dekhA pI pIrI gAdoM apane bhAI ko umA RT pore baca karanA yA dunIya ama prasaMga hai| vana sTAgrAmamA va prakRti kA nAma parigavanAtmaka desipA bhArI bArI mAhImA pIDA bana-pApA pitta borA pITA pAnI vitA saba para bhArA pAsapariNa mAmAra mA nisA

Page #339
mayaNa sarAsaSu karai baja virahiNI bhA paha avatariyA siri basaMta rAya maNirA ivayaMpA yugabAhu aura mayabarehA kI keli krIr3A aura rAsa Ananda papiratha se nahIM dekhA gyaa| pIThI mIThI vANI bolakara kRtrima sahAnubhUti dikhAtA huA vaha vahI AyA aura bhayare mA ko prApta karane ke lAlaba se paira chUte hue bhAI ke sira para talavAra mAra dii| atassatvA madanarezA dIna hokara bhaTakane lagI para apane caritra satItva kI pUrNa ravA karane meM usane koI kasara bAkI nahIM chodd'ii| svAmI kI mRtyu para sadana karatI huI mayabarehA kI sthiti bar3I karuNAtmaka ho gaI aura satI ko satAne vAle duti mapiratha ko bhI sApa ne kATa liyA:. jamajIDA sama khA leu bA ko vi jalatA mAyA ciTha sayala lou ke lIhari pAvara kumae na bhUvaka paI kiyA vanavAsi vasaMtaI mahimaMDati bahari gamiti nimi divA bharmatA iva jaMpatA nara barAha mo pavamA pAya hA mahobara, siri minA pAva sAvi dhAma hora hAmi dina mAnI ki pAra palA majanama jamina gA purAvA horapa mIra bayara kare mA bimA toDa maravA bhUma kare manako momA remi fier momi jogati samirA paDhera, pAva mahApari yo parisa lipi ra mana rijinA hi pani raliya vipi kAra savAliyA daramaNi boSitIya (bI-1 ramA pUrI ho jAtI hai| pApA barasa bAgarika

Page #340
307 rasa ke sthala sthAna mi para mila jAte haiN| kRti kI samApti nirveda se kI gaI hai| kRti meM caupAI aura rAmada pramukhatA se milatA hai bhASA kI saralatA, usakI tatsamatA tathA pravAhAtmakatA ke lie eka uddharaNa iSTavya hai harikari visa beyAla, kAli navakAri hamaMtI jau risaMtI mamaNareha, u sarabarI pattI bapha kati sarajati mAgira, divasa nimi puttu jabeI kelI hari milhe bi, kumaru siri nahAe kareI jala kari natiNI paratu, jena gayaSi yati ulAlA dharani baMDatI bIDa, bema vijAharu pallA huMdari jamina bAra rAva bhaviSa vijjAharu naMdIsara bari jamma bAra maSi bala apIsaka jipa hA putra karevi jAma bhUmi pAya namevi desaNa niSiya sayara rAya mabayA hAI hai kumarA sabalA binA vari par3iyo karatI kevala nA gharevi mayamA zikSita pANI . (maki 11-4) vastutaH 14vIM bAbdI bhASA meM samA svama isa vimA so ba kI kahIdane ko milo|ti kI mahatvapUrNa hai| vIM magahI prakAra aneka rAma mikI hai| uvAramA mahAvIra rAma (10) manAtarAra, bANA rAsa (m) samparamIyarAma, jinapana iriSadahAkima bhAvaviSirA mAvi para racanAeM kAvya kI dRSTi mApArIhI / tI sAdI bAdI meM rAma ko diyA gyaa| gegii| vAralI nadI garAma vikAsamanya hai|

Page #341
_zrI jinapadyasari paTTA bhikArAmaH! bImAvibAha yA paTTA bhika eka hI kathA ke sUcaka hai| 14vIM satAbadI ke pAidha meM hamane somamati ke jinezvarasUri vivAha varNana rAsa para vicAra kiyA hai| ThIka usI prakAra kA rAma * me kA mAramUrti ivArA likhita jinapaimari paTTAbhika rAma hai tathA mukhya pravRttiyoM kI iSTi se yaha ati momabhUti kI racanA se paryApta sAmya rasatI hai ki parantu kAbya bhASA aura rasa kI iSTi se isakA svataMtra mahatva hai| vI vAdI ke uttarA kI racanA hone the yaha rakhanA mahatvapUrNa hai| isa racanA kI pratriI agarabandanAhaTA ke saMgraha abhaya jaina pradhAlaya meM surakSita hai| zrI dezAIne ti se Adi ta evaM samaya kA ullekha kiyA hai| kRSi pekhihAsika hai| isakI aitihAsikatA para paryApta prakAza DAlA hujA milatA hai| isa prakAra yaha rAsa aiyA gIta jo jana sAdhAraNa kI bhASA meM likhA gayA hai| jaina putroM aura muniyoM ne samaya samaya para go dharma prabhAvanA kI rAvAboM mahArAjAyoM aura samATo para apane dharma kI dhama baiThAIgIra mamAva ke lie aneka cArSika adhikAra prApta kie bhane ullekha gItoM para pada para mila hai| vizeSa dhyAna dene yogya nimeM pulamAnI bAvazAhoM para azA rAma ke mAdhI me mukhzAma zAdI praya kara liyA vAlI prAmamA kara harIvara kAyAma karanA para nisvIkAra nahIM HiITarna me gamakI dIpAlana aura tApa vinA pA rAI jisakA t-tarte ma rada bhavaralAla nAhaTA.pa. bIbasAvA.rAma kiyi."

Page #342
rAsa meM spaSTa ullekha hai: kuzagadIna puratApa rA raviusa bhayoharU jaNi pabahaka jimacaMvari bhUri sira sehatara isI prakAra kavi sAramUrti ke jimapadamasari bhI aitihAsika tathyoM se sambandha rasate hai| jina hAla pari, jinakA purAnA nAma banA hai, aura jo par3Avazyaka bAlA va podha ke batA rahe hai, se sambandhita hai| isI kA nAma jinapadama thaa| prastuta gIti rAsa meM dharma kI nIrasa saitikatA hI nahIM hai, para aitihAsikamANikatA thA kAvyAmakatA hai| dharma kI preraNA sekAdhakI bhASA bhAva aura alI Adi prabhAvazAlI ho gaI hai| kucha kAvyAtmaka sthaloM ke udAharaNa dRSTavya hai|jin padmasUri paTTAbhika rAsa meM kavi me puravA rikA jinendra ko aura sadavI kA anusaraNa karake rakha liyA hai| kavi ne rAma ko pAva paksi se gAne ke lielisA hai: hapaya ThavamA rAju bhAva bhagati ve nara vivAha mAha ho vivAe mArapakti bhUmi ma bhagA mAdhyAmika vivAha kA sAhitya meM mahatva spasTa hai|maame gAkara mAdhyAmika vivArI ina na paTanAyoM kA prabhAva pIra kI sAhityAlA para pahA / bIra mAlmiImA vivAha kA mAtva paTa mA hai| sara para rAma ki para kAyoM ga na kiyA hai| agAmA kara zAmila thAma sthAna para paloDa aura samIra aura mAriyA dhamakara mRtya krtii| kavi ne nIrA ko sAmAnya pa racanA ko zrAvakoM sAmAnavAla - me maSi kI kucha anubhUtiyAM isa prakAra bhopArA yamI mahatvapUrNa hai| mom Mruth

Page #343
udA basa paTisayata kalA saMpanna mayaMka mUri phADa bahAvayaM jiNakuzala murviddha pati Dala vihAn supari bAu derAri tya vihiba ksa gahana mAla paba va vivipari (4) kvariya pATa Thavana dradisi saMtha hare sayata saMgha miti bhAvikA, bari kara paveDa bhAdi viSezara bara avami biya nandi suvidhAta paba par3Aga toraNa kaliya azidi badaravAta siri balamA bhUrinarI sarasaha pae aguka bavi padI ki padamariti miravaNa jugapahA viSapadamare mAtra viu supavitva bhAvidura nararamami jaya jayakAra karaMji saMpa barmana aura nAriyoM kA ullAsa, rAsa kyA nRtya gIta mamalAgara mAdikA varSa deviSA miti dAdivi milisa vimimA vairAgIra mAriera bahiba malika namAtiya para savApi mAni pira pavaviyubarA vikAsa bora himAli para sapAsAgara naTa nArivAmivika pare

Page #344
311 vara vatthA bharaNeNa pariya magUgaNa dIpa jaNa dhavalai bhuvA jameNa apari sAi haripAla jiima nAcA avalIya bAla pa sabada nAgA supare paripari maMgAcAra pari pari zi bhakyi ubavaDa kati mAlaka pATa vila viNakuzala muri jina zAsapi bhArya, jamakara jima padama sUre jima tArAyaNi caMDu sahasamayapa uttama muraha ciMtAmaNi rayamA sima guru gumyau guNA navarasa dezavANi bhayaMjali ke nara piyati bhanuya jamma sAri sahA ki indu kalivita jAma gayA pati sUra parami jAma thira mera giri vihi saMghA saMjattu vAma jayA jipapavama sUre isa prakAra ukta uddharamoM me kati ke AdhyAtmika vivAha kA mahatva samajhA jA sakatA hai| kAvya adhika sundara nahIM para bhASA kI saratamA va samI inTike mahatvapUrNa hai| isI prakAra kA likhita kavikA jinamari paTTAzi milA hai| sIpIsI barA yA bastu jipa, aura varSamA pani bAdi donoM gANagA viyapI TA |bonoN ramA gayA vIM sAdI gatarAma prtinidhisii|

Page #345
312 -: kumArapAla rAsa : 2 15vIM zatAbdI ke pUrvAdha meM viracita rAsa racanAoM meM eka prasiddha racanA tage viracita kumArapAla rAsa hai| isa racanA kA sampAdana DhaTO bhogIlAla sADesarA ne kiyA thA aura punijinavijaya neisa racanA ko prakAzita kiyaa| prastuta racanA eka aitihAsika kAvya hai jisakA pramukha viSaya rAjA kumArapAla ke vaibhava, rAjya, udAratA, pradarzana tathA saMgha varNana hai| prastuta rAskI aMtima kar3I meM kavi devaprabhaSi kA nAma milatA hai| hisAkSya meM bhI deva prabhavani kA nAma mila jAtA hai| pATana ke saMghavI muhalle ke jaina jJAna bhaMDAra kI 0 1435 meM likhI huI pArzvanAtha caritra kI pravAsti meM somalika sUri ke viSaya maMDala meM devapramagaNi kA nAma milatA hai| kAvya kI puSpikA se hotA hai ki isakI nakala saM0 1558 ke caitra zukravAra ko kI gaI yA mI spaSTa hotA hai ki maMDana rijo mugRdhAna bodhi auktika ke lekhaka hai, devaprama ke samakAlIna the| kyoMki mugRdhAvabodha mauktika kA racanA kAla saM0 1450 hai ataH yaha anumAna kiyA jAsakatA hai ki Dresa rAma kI racanA bAda ke prathama dazaka yA divatIya va maihuI hogii| pUrI racanA eka sarasa kAvya hai, kavi ke padAtira aura kAvya pravA maiM kahIM bhI vaicitya nahIM hai| 43 kar3iyoM meM pUrI vAhanAnA huI hai| racanA kI va uslIya hai| kavi meM kAvya kA prArambha hI mahAvIra, gautama svAmI, sarasvatI, pAlI kI vinaya namaskAra dvArA kiyA hai| kumArapAra rhe| unake thaa| kumAra pAla kI sAdhAraNa donA hai rAjya kA prabhAva yojana kI maMti mukyoM ne vo kyA yaha paviyoM taka me apanI pArasparika kamAvatA chor3akara sarvatra ahiMsA kA sAmrAjya sthApita kiyA par3oM meM peramo, hirana, bArahavIMyA, yUjara bI Adi ko 1- bhAratIya vidravAH 0 nijinavijaya, bhAga 1980 323-224 1- bar3I - bar3I pR0 313

Page #346
313 maravAnA kada karavA diyA yahAM taka ki jUM aura khaTamala bhI mAranA pApa samA gyaa| hiraniyoM ke samUha sukhapUrvaka keli karane lage piMjare ke totA mainA pakSI sukha se rahane lge| paviyoM maiM bhI yaha bacI rahatI ki Ajakala pAnI kI machaliyoM kA bhI ahera banda hai| kumArapAla ke rAjya kI tulanA bihArI ke ang arrer so kimI daurava vAgha nivAca- se ho sakatI thI / usakA rAjya meM sApa koja aura yahAM taka ki kuttoM ko bhI koI nahIM mAratA thaa| kavi ne kitanI sarasatA se isa prakAra ke citra utAre hai: pahila parI ghara paare giri me samAyA, kumara vihAraha kara bhagati savi maMDala karAmA sovana ne pUtalI pa maI mayAla dIThA, saMgali kumara nariMda rAya prema sUri bukAvara Ahe bArila sayaladesi rAya dhammakarAva varila nemi jima kumara pAli DAgara divAri chAtI bokar3a kara bAta vADhari baidhAvaI, basalA nAvai kaliyAre ajarAmara DubA laDiyA dahiyA karaI Aki pArebai bahImA, mAma hari roka ra mana mera ater umara marada rAja raMgi mAvaI bIva bUma ma mAna kI koi kahavi na mArada, hariyA harimI karaI kehi dina mAra lAmo va ITAnanivi ra mAI bIfe raviyAditi, sImati DU bAraha, ra sodhAnavi mAra kAvari hola mama pAnI mAvi vi are it r vara moraDIya badhAvaI, mAI ho kumara pATha anya marama na jAvaI

Page #347
bhAga sapa anai subaha pAra koI nAvi pAsa na para bara mAridaM rAji paziDIba mAnA aisA thA mArapAta kA raagy| jisa zikAra se dAratha ko putra viyoga hokara maranA par3A use mArapAla me ca karavA diyA jisa iyUna kIr3A ne mana ko saba kucha bAra jAnA par3A, kumAra pAla ke rAjya meM aisA mA heya samanA gyaa| jisa maiyake kAraNa samasta yAdavakula binAko prApta ho gyaa| use loga kumAra pAla ke rAjya meM sparma karanA bhI pASasamakane lge| pAsa avama meM jisa prakAra suvAsa aura premika nAmaka rAvAjoM ko isa milA usakA kumArapAla meM nimeSa kiyaa| gaNikA gamana pora pAya thaa| vaizyAeM satI striyoM kI pAti bana gaI aura jima pUjana karane lgii| coroM kA upahana saMpUrNa dezameM kahIM bhI nahIM thaa| pAnI nagara meM tIna bAra vitaraNa hotA / vividha prasAdoM tathA vihAroM se rAgA ne mADilabADa kI sopA meM apUrva vRddhi kii| kavi meM isa varSana ko atyanta sarala bhASA meM prastuta kiyA hai| kAvyagata sarasatA pada babana aura varSana kI cAmatkArikatA hanIya hai| aksi kA magana gAya kI rakSA aura kisAna sI pAradhi bIkana pojIzapAyA goDa pArapi bAhara kiyo hAra naretara kimAna bAra mA bhAra, paravIna mAma mAra mAmAcI po afrker bAra bAra pani hoza bhAsI bari lAMsAri, mAri mAvi sa khAM, mavi ko mAra

Page #348
315 maNi sadAsarAva pAmi duhaseNIya, bIThI maragaDa vaNIya bhUmi nai puna seviya afe moyana taha daMDa battIsa vihAra, rAya karAvai kumara pAla jagi Thihuana sAra dukma madirApAna tamai jAyava kuka nAso, kiritaM dIvAyaNi udaka devi mAravaDa viNAso rAyA desaI nIca sabai hima madirA melAI, matavAlA navi madhu karaI malIna vela gaNikA gama nivAraI e naravaI niya rAji, Davina loga lAgavi kAji vaivA kIthI bhAi sarisa uI kumaraTharAya tara paNa pUjaI jinaha mukti vaMda gurumAya arraries gama ratha jo purita anna, tres fes mana mAhi jima vaNIya ksana (trate) magara varNana aura saMgha varjana meM kavi apanI bAnI nahIM rhtaa| bhavanoM se nirmANa kyA usa samaya bacanIrakRSTatA ko prANI vividha bAiyoM se nimAvi aneka rAjAoM varSIya thaa| vividha kAra baMda kI poSA bar3hAne bavAryamatra yA zrIkRSNa yA mala nRtya gAna, taba kA logoM ko dvAra ke saMpakA dezva aura nagadI va kA hama ko dekhakara garaya, yA prakArakA yA svarga hai isa prakAra dhIre dhIre hone cAmA pani kI miravAra meM, vanasthalI meM hAvIra kI, nAgaura meM pApanA kI, dIva koDInAra meM somanAtha tathA pATana meM pArzvanAtha kI kI ora inkottaa| kItA, cAcA kI saralatA, kA pAyA hone ke yA vividha DoboriyoM kA tumbana prata rAya kA ma

Page #349
bA dete hai| kucha varSana dekhie:nagara barmana movana dhame pUtalI e ApaNa jomaMdI nisvama kavihi ApaNai e biyaNa mohaMtI hIre mANikya cUnaDI ra pAdhara saMdhyA nimmalatI vivarAni Aimira paDiyA maMtiya mokali dekhi desi bahu saMgha melAbA, dhAmI bahu bhAsIsa diI rAu bAta calAvA (1-4) vAdaya nRtya gIta varSama: mahaba besaha bar3aba desA aMdha tithi viSa prarita pAnavi pi mA vi bacyA gAI thAI salima bharI saMgha loka Adi mambaI hAmi hAmi badhAviI ziva maMgala cAra para barasaI meha zima bAni mAgi vi ka (7) miliyA kyAnADA pani savasamA gAvIya bAsI malati mI mAyA parI rAnIgA pArI mAlI bIrarAva 'gAyA mAre ra bASi (18-11) mArA vidhi ra vigI yAyo

Page #350
317 isI prama kA dRzya prastuta kiyA hai : cAlIya gayaghaDa mAlhatI, pa bhAratI mada vAri, hogI samaMvA turava lA rahA saI cyAri by' aar'u atiik gn gaandhaa maMsa vivanjiya miliyaloka koI jApaisAra ki aha cAlita parata rAuTa ki sagara mAriyo rAyA paDA damana bhaTTA ki kama goviNdo| rAyA saMpahI damana ma ki vAdIsaha nala nariI ki devaharAu, prati upambA goyaMtA e naravai sumadAra (10-1) kavi meM pUrA kAvya rolAdoM meM likhA hai| bIca meM,bastu ThaMDa kA bhI kara prayoga kiyA gayA hai| vastuda kA eka udAharaNa dekhie: mAri vArI mAri vArIya desa baDhAri desa videsaha tikari bhabiya lokajiNi jattakAriya paka dAI cAhIsaha rAya vihAra kiya rividha sArikha pogA kI bega yi jaminIcA savAra cha mahoda giyuma mara gari rAba) basnusaH pUrI racanA ko dekhate raha kA nA bAkAya mArapAka kA paritakAma, vi usake jIvana vividha ghaTanAoM aura mahatvapUrNa gobara sigaramAgamA vijaya va parilavita hotI hai| rAjakA vividha udAharaNoM aura svAbhAvagamoM pArasparika Tato sAmAjika zAnti kA pratIka hai| ki iSTi aura viSTi meM bhI prastuta racanA me nAkArI ko magadha, kauzAmbI,bArAka, mATarIpura, guvarAma, vindhu bAlA, kagAnIrasa, pAri, mAnhara, pAsavara mAvidezoMbA mArobAyoga mA

Page #351
318 saMgha utsaba varNana jaina samAja kA sadaiva se hI sAMskRtika parva rahA hai| kavi ne pUrNa kauzala ke sAtha isa choTe se kAgya meM sabako sajAyA hai|rcnaa kI bhASA sarala rAjasthAnI hai jisapara apakSa kA yatra tatra pravAha parilakSita hotA hai|mdiraa, pAna, yujA, vaizyAgamana, corI Adi sAmAjika kRtyoM ko bhI kavi prakAra meM lAyA hai| prAH rAma sabhI iSTiyoM se mahatvapUrNa hai| isa kAvya ko kavi ne yadyapi rAsa saMjJA dI hai| para rAsa ke nAma para kevala kAlAntara meM parivarvita pravRtti adhIra carita prakAzama ko hor3akara anyabAte nahIM milatI haiN| saMbhavataH 15vIM zavAdI rAzaka racanAoM ke zilpa meM parita gamyoM ko hI sthAna diyA jAnA hogaa| kyoMki rabamA rAsa, nRtya, laya,agala bhUtva mAvi varSama nahIM milte| na koI rAsa hI milatA hai to yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki rAma, bAla, mA yugala nRtya ke varNama tathA rAsa chanda kI upekSA kAlAntara meM honA prArambha ho gayA hogA aura rAsa saMjJA kevala sAmAnya carita mAsyAnaka kAvyoM ko pI de dI jAtI hogii| sAtha hI usakA nAmakaraNa pUrva rAsakAvyoM kI pANi rAsa saMkSaka zrI rakhA jAtA hogaa| racanA ke anta kavi ne parata bAsyoM ke sma meM mArapAla ke isa rAkha kAvya ko amo mo zaka pracArita rahane aura amara hone kA bhAva diyA hai| baba taka gumekapa apane sthAna pake, baba kA se, baba kalAma bhUmi aura sAgara kA pAra garamA sera bahAra vidyamAna yA jabarA nigenAmamAra pA rANAkA mA rAyara mAnabako prA . mAmAha bAba, -jhiAyara banAyumA rAmanagara yaha sipAnA mAvi aura niyata hoe, paura nitI ra rAma maMdA loSa isa prakAra nabAvoM mArA gI me ka ma yA / ttaabaar| bhAjI vikagaDada bama bhAvapUrNa

Page #352
31 : hai aura svArthavartha pradAna karatA hai| kula milAkara racanA choTI hote hue bhI rAsa saMjJaka racanAoM ke zilpa meM vaividhya prastuta karatA hai| ataH kRti kA mahatva aura bhI bar3ha jAtA hai|

Page #353
320 : paMpAnDava bArita rA: 14vIM zatAbdI meM prabandhAtmaka IsI meM likhe gae samarArAma ke pazcAta 5vIM sAibI kI sabase pramukha kRtizrI zAlimAsUri birapita paMcapAnDava parita rAja hai| rAma paramparA kI yaha rAma eka pramuga kI hai| vidvAnoM ne isa kRti para kiMcita prakAra hotA avazya hai parantu svataMtra rUpameM hameM isa racanA kA pATha hAla hI meM prakAzita gurjara rAmAvalI prApta hotA hai| sampAdakoM isa pATha ko bar3audA kI eka prAcIna prati meM upalabdha hone vAle pAThoM meM se eka kahA hai| racanA vIprati mahArAja jasavijaya ke pAsa surakSita hai| zAlimasUri paratezvara bAhubalI ke racayitA se bhinna kavi hai| aba taka upalabdha sAoM meM mAnava pArita rAme varSaya viSaya, kyA-vastu va aura bhASA saba inTiyo se navIna yoga diyA hai| pAlimasUri pUrNimAmA yA rAsa narmadA ke kinAre sthita nAladra nAmaka nagara meM liyA gyaa| kavi meM svayaM bhI apane samaya ke lie paricaya diyA hai jisakA ullekha sampAdakIya meM bhI milatA hai| . bhAvikAlIna hindI jaina racanAoM meM aba taka hameM dhArmika sthAnoM parita nAyakoM, purANa moupadezoM prAviAi viSaya banA hI vivena milA pirAkamAyAma ko kyAmarAma svIgara karane vAle kI pAlisahita anuba rAma pAnoM pAyoni mahAbhArata kA rAya pati venisa mArA vigabo mI milatA hai| - cAnsa basirjara rAmAvalI bI.esasI-11-bodA ...4

Page #354
gujarAtI vihavAnoM ne bhI mahAbhArata likhA hai|pNc pAnDava barita rAja kI kathA mahAbhArata kI kathA se mela to bhAtI hai,parUtu kucha racanA sthaloM ghaTanAoM aura pramukha pAtroM ko kavi ne apane jaina dharmAnusAra mor3A hai tathA usI ke anusAra usakI sRSTi bhI kI hai| rAsakAra ne pramukha caritroM ko jaina paramparAoM ke tAne bAne meM ulajhAkara kyAmana prastuta kiyA hai| pUrI kyA . vaNi meM vibhakta hai| bAmi zabda sarga vibhAjana kA sUcaka hai|bhrteshvr bAhubalI rAma,' bhayaparezArAmAdi bani kA prayoga mila jAtA hai| pratyeka vyami ke bAda rAsakAra ne bastu divA hai| si sima vvapi ko mor3akara jisameM usane vastu ra alama nahIM rksaa| kavi ne vyapi aura vastu ko milA diyA hai| kavi ne rAma kI sthA kA prArambha nepijina sthA sarasvatI kI vaMdanA karane ke pazcAidivasIya vyAmi se hI kiyA hai| gaMgA aura zAmcanu kI baMdanA karane ke pazcAta divasIya bApi meM hI diyA hai| maMgA aura jAnana kA prema syA maimA kA unakI borI prakRti se jAnA ba una bonoM ke putra mAgeba sahita hama cale jAne kA varNana milatA hai mAtrama meM zAma se zikAra ke lie virodha karatA h. kauSala bahitiI bobaDI vIra mi nirAja moTara calA rorikI rApImA , priyA pAridhiko bIba yA zipAyA, boSi bArama mi sapA ' yA bAnakara maMgAnandana ne borI pina ko aura roga ko kyAra ho gyaa| bA ne bAra donoM - 1. khabarakAko rAmArI dii| sasImA ka -40100-10

Page #355
322 ko vAnva kiyaa| gaMgA ke na Ane para zAntanu ka dhIvara kayA para mugdha ho jAtA hai aura rAjA ko pratita karA cIvara apanI kanyA satyavatI kA vivAha uneka sAtha kara detA hai| varNana kI saralatA duSTavya hai: sAli sAmI amDa para sUtI, tuma pari ga gaMgA mUtI maI beTI jara tumha devI, urmi dUDha parevI kuruvaMsaha kera DaNu, rAja kosi gaMgA maMdaNu 1 dhI mahArI yA jivAla se kSavi pAvaDa isa kAla satyavatI ke do lar3akoM meM se pahalA karmo ke doSa se bacapana meM hI mara gayA va dUsarA kumAra vicitra vIrya huA jisake kAzIrAja kI aMbA, aMbAlA aura erfer tIna kanyAoM se vivAha kiyaa| jisake kramazaH vidura, mAnDava itarASTra hue| rASTra ne gAdhArI se aura bADa me bAhI bevivAda kiyaa| inhI karma kumArI avasthA meM utpanna huA isakI aMtarkathA jaina mahApurANa meM 1 eka vidyAcara kI baDI se sambadhita hai| vahI kavi ne itanA hI varNana kiyA tabhI pApa karate hai| karma maMjUsA meM DAla gaMgA meM mahA hai ki kisa prakAra diyA gayA: parinIya vApI pai kumari AyIya vibha sari ti pati huI ityubA ramaNI kIva pAti kaI brAya ki ro idhara gaMdhArI ke 100 kaurava, pAIrahane sarvisa aura rAjA meM | arjuna utare hai kavi meM mahA meM rAjyoM ke pradarzana kA Ayojana para kiyaa| dhinkira ko bhAva meM, bhIma duryodhana meM gavA- yuddha huA, 10 bI 02 uttarA 0 150 104 zrAcArya, pArakhIya jJAnapITha kaashii|

Page #356
aura karma meM vanda arjuna ke ina bAda vAmoM se nahIM ho sakA: arajuna bolA, re bhakulIma, arajuna miti bhaI hIna mArajuna sarasI maiDina kIDa niyAla mAni garava bahIjaha ima bApaNa paNe babAla, molina niyakuka gaI pramA maI gaMgA AgamanA dIsa, lAdhI rakana marI cha / akhAr3e meM pI arjuna bijI hue| idhara dropadI kA svayaMvara hotA hai aura pAgoM pattiyoM se vivAda hone kA kAraNa cAra nivAda ko pUrvajanma se sambandhita banAne hai| pratyeka pAnDava kI mAraba draupadI mAya abadhi bAMdha dete hai, ullaMghana para arjuna ko varSa bananA par3atA hai jahAM ve betayA parva para mAvinAtha ga abhinandana karate hai| vahI apane mitra badra kI bahina kI ye bAsA karate hai| mAge kavi ne pADavoM kA mA meM apakarSa va vanavAsa siAyA hai| sabhA meM draupadI kA bastra hala hotA hai|maage banabAsa meM pIpa kA rAkSasoM ko mAramA, hAvAha se babanA, bhIma kA hiDimbAre vivAha varNana milatA hai| iyA~dhana pAnDavoM priyaMvada ko bhejakara puna: sahAvA mAgatA praupadI svadha hotI hai| phira arjuna vizAlAba niyAra lar3ake ko DarArogrAma mate hai| dhana kI bali ke prati me bopanI kA va vimA semI hai|ibaaNdhn ne pAToM bimArI polii| what tyA rAtI una prohii| nArApADa mA ma virATa ke pAsa zAdI kA vicAra mauna ke pAsa ge| mA~ maanaa| makara soza kAtima vyapi manapAnImA ma pramanyA parIkSitako hastinApura kA rAjA mAra dIvA ra unakA pUrva paba, puravi, saMtama, aura sAmAnoM paTa karatA hai una sakne gayopara wIgarImA khabara ke na hokara pAyI mAyAvArisamA

Page #357
aura aba pUrNatA ko prApta hue| isa prakAra samdhya bhAgamArA ko kavi ne .95 do meM saMjoyA hai mAmA kI saralatA,jana sAdhAraNa ke lie rAsa kA bodhagamya honA tathA paurANika sthAnaka ko naI rekhAoM meM pAnA kavi kI pratibhA ke dyotaka hai|paatr bAr3e hai| pAcau~ pAiba prISadI, tI bA~dhama karma aadi| pAtroM meM yaha mAva hotA hai ki kavi ne Baa asA donoM prakAra ke pAtroM kA varNana kara amana para sana kI vijaya dikhAI hai| kavi ke prayoga maulika hai| jo bhASA kI dRSTi se madhya kAlIna gujarAtI vA rAjasthAnI ke bhautika prayogoM vAmAjika tathA sAskRtika vAtAvarava prastuta karate hai| jahAM taka kyA di aura kathA paramparA kA prazna hai kavi ne donoM kA samyaka vivAha maulika anubAna ke bhaya meM kiyA hai| pAnhanoM kI kyA paramparA kA prArambha apa sAhitya se hI ho jAtA hai| orienTa risarca insTITyUTa punA meM puravita harivaMza purANa ke yAdaba ru yudadha aura uttara ina cAra kADauM meM kula gAdava kAyoM meM pAnDaba carita varNana mila jAtA hai| jaina mahAparAka meM pI pANDavoM kI kyA kA melinAtha ke prasaMga meM Adika uslekha milatA hai|baamer bAta kA kisa mahAkA lekhaka ko milA hai| vivi ne pani pAlya yA mi| isa prakAra yA parasparAgoM C M parivAro / rAsasamAgara nakalI ghara sApaTamAoM kA yogya kiyA thA movANi moDa lieko gAya mAyA pauvA kI STi karate hai mA mahApAra vivi meM bAga mApAra mahAbhArata kI rakSA para pI cikimAna sA kA pramAda sarvatra spaSTa to bAgorI kA virodha kasA vA kama pika mAna, gAyaka premI honA ba baiga svIkAra nA ar

Page #358
apane hiMsaka pitA se yuddha karanA |tii va pAmDa ke pUrva prema ba saMtAnotpatti kA prsNg| vara parIkSA va rAdhavidha kA bsNg| 1. praupadI ke svayaMvara meM usake hAtha meM jayamAlA pAcoM pAnDayoM ke gale meM jA giranA aura cAla mani kA dupada ko draupadI kA pUrva bhava samabhAsaka adRzya honaa|' harivaMza purANa meM kavi ne ahiMsA se sAbita ho matsya baMdhaka ke sthAna para dhanuka bar3hAne kI hI kalpanA kI hai| para prastuta rAsa meM matsya vedha bhI hai va jayamAlA baraNa bhii| arjuna kA anavAsa meM vaitara (vayahaDhaha) parvata para jAkara AdimA ko namana karanA aura apane maNipur3a kI bahina ko gAkara punaH usake pati ko denaa| yudhiSThira kA rAjasUya yA meM zAnti jinendra kI pratimA kA avasthApana karanA' priyaMvada kA prasaMga tyA pANDavoM kA puna: apane svama ko praDama krnaa| pAnDavoM ke jAne para kunnI va draupadI kA namokAra maMtra kA dhyAna krnaa| purohita kA pAnDavoM para hatyA chor3anA tathA puliMda kA Akara kRtyA se unakI ravA krnaa| kAlakumAra ba jIva mA kA agni visrjn| pAnyoM ko meminAtha ke upadezoM se miva honA tathA pIyA prANA doSa kA pUrva pana bahAnA baramako nirvA prApti hogA mAvi paTamAra gAli rAma meM aneka viloma paapaa| paranA ra samba - go

Page #359
326 abhivyakti kI isa kAvya kI kasauTI hai| rAjaputroM ke vanya yuddha utsAhamUlaka mudrAoM kA citraNa bar3e prabhAvazAlI bana par3he haiM: # afe feet sADA saramu, kevi turaMgama jAna mara cakra dUrI fafe arela pAlaya, kivi ithiyAra paDatA phAlai pahilaM parama dharamaha putro, jeDa rahaI madi koI zatra ma bhI gayA bera va duryodhana miDaDa ikaDa loha puruSa chaDa bakri pAca vAva na turaMta rAdhA vedha karIu dilAus, tikaDa na koI tIna abAuDa vIche kI maThakara, maratu pApaDa kari bhAi rosiyA, ramara joI devI devA efer aures gAjara gaya harii jIvai jaya jayavayaNa DIyA caDhavaka kAyara loka saMtatamA mana kara sakoka jAve mI pahi(a) akAli jAne muMdra tumbA kAlikAla (svamI 5 g014 ) kavi ne svayaMbara, nagara torama, aneka vAiyoM aura utvoM kA varNana bar3A pravAhapUrNa bana par3A hai: arata na hi bhIvAna, binavaro i ma pAnI per3a mari kIvA poraNa baMdarAta nayI * bAmapa vii gami maya lI sonama va polisa pUrAniyA pa divAdi pari pari holI e baMda mari pavAra gariva kiri magarAtari varI kavi ke aura puruSa donoM ke rUpa varSana meM kalAtmakatA milatI hai| pA kA IyArI hai| hone nayana, surabhita karI, kistUrI karake naharoM kI ina maurI kI mata kara barasI meM

Page #360
327 nUtanatA hai| strI aura para donoM ke rUpa varNana dekhie: dubada rAyaha pada rAyaha samI kuMvAra ta spaha jAmalihiM jikaDaM bhUmi kA nAri natthIya sIsI kadara kusuma kAvi neura malaI e nayana samIya kAjala reDa tilaTha kasalyUrIya mavi thaDIya karamale kaMkaNa maNi kamakA bAdara phAlIya pahirana ra I ahara bolIya idI bAla, pAma nejara aura puruSa varNana meM: samara bAla anukaMThi kusumaha mAla anukaMThi kusuma mA kiri I yami bhASaNa bAbI koDa IDa caMdra mari sagari ma ima saMbhAvIya i (ThavaNI 5 pR0 ) krIr3A meM hAre hue pAnDo ko aura sabhA meM draupadI ko pakar3a kara bIca kara lAne kA kavi ne atyanta prabhAvazAlI varNana kiyA hai| mAyA kI saralatA aura varNana kI citrAtmakatA se varNana aura bhI sajIva ho uThA hai: zakti rAja viraha manamAnI pa hArIyA va hAthiyaM bATa bhAIya hArIya rajisTa hArIya hakka cIya udAvi uvi mAmaraNa pa grAmIya pati parevidevi sAsara piDie bIyara kAri irIya Adima Adi upaniSadi ina praNaya divasarA (-) ki bITa kADhavI pIka moTavara kA vADIya pa (ThavaNI 6 pU0 17) aura bhI aneka kAvyAtmaka sthala hai|mdii kA kapamAjanaka varNana kavi ne kiyA isa banakara pAne para bhI ina unheM putI hai| pikavAva vina pAnaI zuSka uttara detA hai to mahAmududha kI taiyAriyAM hotI hai dvArA dRzya udadha meM badala jAtA hai, mIratA evaM utpAda varNanIya citra kavi dhana ima vi

Page #361
328 ne urahe hai| anya varNana aura yuddha kI pratiyoktiyoM tathA camatkArikatA irayaunu ati matsari baDhIu, jAI parAsiMdha pAra paDIta pu rAI pahilA diu amevAi paMDava kA dala jimamAe IzA menAnI maMgau praha bisI uDiyA bala bera (pa.) hAthI ghor3oM aura abhaya paidala mA kA aMdha varNana, siroM kA kaTa kaTa kara giranA aura nAcanA, sAmaMtoM kI gaI mizrita bhI kSetra ko aura bhI ussA pUrva banA dete hai|vn kI AlaMkArikatA tathA anuprAsAtmakatA desipa: dalajhiIyA kalagalIna muhaTa gayabara galagalIyA gharA prasakIya salavalIya peza girivara TakaTalIyA ramavanIyA pani sadara baru jAnIra haya gabara gari bhavIya rekha uDIra jA pIra paDaI baMdha calavalaI viMca sI mimi gaNa sAdhaI gamavari gaIvA tugi guNa rAya rakha saI miDa rakhavAI mI ma jima mambAI kaI bAra manA misa bhaba pUrA gaDanArA pAga samayamA roki mi ba mA gaurI mIsA isTama hai| vInamvini , mocana bobA kA varNana pAra pAnA mArina polA ma moviditi rAmaraNi mA pArI pani kama

Page #362
329 lyuzakuni ne hanIya begi nakulaM sahadevi saravara mIhi kaDhAvI duryodhana devi rAi sanADu samopIya mImiti misa i gadA pahari hamIya jAMca mani sAi phoDila sI viDI ta tAnu chedI sAdhI pAya parAbhava na praveti gati mA virAdhI (40 30-31) isa prakAra zrRMgAra, karuNa, vIra, rodra, bIbhatsa Adi bhAvoM ke citraca kara anta meM pAnDavoM kI jaina dIkSA dvArA sampUrNa rAsa kA samAhAra zAda aura nirveda bhAva meM kara diyA hai| dharma ghoSa kA gaThana ullekhanIya hai : kapar3e kevala nAnu sAmIya e nemi jinesara sAlI dhAmi vA virata basAvaya tu dharaI e bAtIya dekhi mArinIki pa jAIla ji namaI e ---- sAmI ganahara pAsa pAMca e harivihi tu liI pa 141 ates ye sitter pipa mamI pa ret vicAra vartamAna kyora pApA va apara mAvati ku bIja vI kutA hinakI lie patra viyara ha pa pavi ra sivapura pAnikAra pADavA vinirakhA bAraca va samaSi devI vijaya va mIDana cidipa babAra (15-10 )

Page #363
320 isa prakAra yukta udadharaNoM meM spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki kavi ne kaI ghaTanAoM kA paraMpArita varNana karate hue bhI maulika sujana kiyA hai| prastuta rAma ke do kA vaividhya hai| pUrNa racanA 19 uvanI meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai|is rAsa kI avadhi meM vizeSatA yaha hai ki usakA anugamana bastu da karatA hai| bharatezvara bAhubalI rAma ke do se isakA payApta sAmya hai| prathama bapi mA unI meM 11 kar3iyoM meM mAmA thA sI kar3I meM bastu 78 hai| divatIya upamI meM caupAI tathA usake sAtha divapadI bhI hai ataH yaha mitra baMdha kahA gayA 'tRtIya rolA cauthI pAvanI meM hA caupAI hai| chaThI banI ke samavaraNa meM dohA tathA vizva meM caupAI sama parama ke anta meM e milatA hai| dezI savaiyA kI mAti prayukta cAra kar3iyA bhI isI ThavaNI meM milatI hai| punaH samavaraNa medohA aura cAra caramoM ke sAtha eka harigItikA bhI milatA hai| aura basa meM bastu da hai| jisake bAma se hI yA kA bodha hotA hai| vIM meM soraThA aura 6vIM bar3hiyoM taka zudadha soraThe milane hai jinake visya pada meM anuprasA milatA hai| vIvIM banI taka caupAI hI milatI hai| vaha da sabake sAtha milatA hai| isa prakAra kati ravaividhya istiyAM- rAma meM aneka pravina pariyAyo sanIya, li banAyA gayA -aura pa ri . 11.4

Page #364
331 (2) Rmi api jumvaNi tithi pasarIjA bIjataNI masiraha vima (7) kIjai pAtaka prazyavati kA lAja kirIsaM (4) vAcaI paMcai caMda jima paMDava guNa gaMbhIra (5) maMca caDayA sohaha jimacaMda (6) kuMDala sarika lAyo bAlo, raMku lAi jima rathama mAlo (0) ki na kIjA zani avasari lApar3a paramavaha (8) dekhe na gibaI deva giNaha praznai pAtra saMtApa muyamaha karaI pazya hIna jimarAya rolaI dAridra hukma keha paraI tRSNA kiji giri siDaka DholA (9) 'miDai sahaDa rahabaDhaI bIma ghaDa naha jima nambaI isaI naI asasaI vIra pemala jima mannaDa prastuta rAsa kI bhASA sarala hindI hai| jisameM prAcIna rAjasthAnI, yUnI, gujarAtI Adi gaiyoM kI bahutAyata milatI hai|apne mAboM ko saralatAse jyAta kara denA aura apanI abhivyakti meM pUrNa ImAnadArI rakhanA tathA use kliSTatA sebacAkara jana sAdhAraNa ke lie gulama banA denA hI pabne kavi evaM usakI kavitA kI pahirAma hotI hai| mApi isa nAbAlaka bhAgarimA lAvApiyA nahIM, para vo bhI bAbA kA kAma hai| piparA aura nahosa mAmaya baaliyaa| mAmI ke rAmaratevara mAvalI ke bAda mArapUrNa bhASA meM bana pAyoM ko padAvalI nigala vaimAne para boMbAbA gvArapa mila jAte hai| bAmA mApara bhArI pAra pADava apara parIyo (Vris-IMIM, komala vArSi haripI bolA ki pati Com mar, api adhi vI garapiyAmi, priya pArapITa bAbAIyA

Page #365
(4) sATha gApA jina dharma mAgoM mani juSaNa lAi virAgo gaMmAnandaSu parivAra (4) pa amArA kula siNArI, sAmI aer mArI kaka vasA kerala maMDarAva karegAnaMdam / (1) ithimA uri pari ra nari mero kula maMDa sahacihi saMtuhAga pIlA narabA senDa () janama mahoNya parakara bAbA apara bAla iMDahi vAyA gayaNabahe ghara mihi tAla kamAla (6) misa dIpA darabodhani bhImaha pojana mAhi, bamukha huinA pariNApi punnihi irikha pukAra (9) arajuna bola re bakulIna barana miti mIna viguri piyari deva vilA. paMDava vaNavADa (.) re rAma pu bhAgali bAla mAriSi urata pUgara kAla vA mAsiAlIma hindI bhASA kA strIya ma dhIre dhIre sirA kina kisa gaiyoM nahA gayA una aba noToM kI banA isa upAya ho jAtI rAkhAvAba pAnyotira prakAza ddaalaa| zirisa kavi meeii mAyA : kI do mA yo gugala sara mina sItA nApi . sakarAvi ra (5 svamI abhinava ) magara kamilI zilpa aura bhASA kI dRSTika gAnTA vaayaa|

Page #366
333 gautama rAma ! rvI zatAbdI ke pUrvAdha meM paMcamAmDava caritarASTra ke pazcAt kAvya sauSThava tathA pravAha kI dRSTi se eka atyanta mahatva pUrva kRti gautama rAsa hai| mAmA, mA tathA kAvya ina tInoM SyoM meM yaha kRti apane pUrva hai| 100 varSa kI prAcIna racanA hone para pI kRti kA pATha itanA adhika lokapriya hai ki Aja bhI mAravAr3I jaina zrAvaka (taratara gacchIya ) isakA pratidina pATha karate haiN| rAta kaI bAra prakAzita ho cukA hai| sarva prathama zrI nAthUrAma premI aura paracA zrI arent prasAda jaina ne isa kRti ke mahatva para prakAza ddaalaa| DA0 rAmakumAra vI maiM bhI apane AlocanAtmaka itihAsa meM isa kA ullekha kiyA thaa| ina vidvAnoM ne udayavanta pani im maNe aura kahIM vijayabhadra muni im bhane pATha milane se racavitA kA nAma hI udaya yA vijayapadra rakha diyA para vAstava meM aisA nahIM hai| 2 svAmI rAmaH zrI eaf desAI mohanalAla tathA zrI agaracanda nAhaTA ne kara diyA hai| rAsa kI hai0 1430 kI sabase prAcIna prati bhaMDAra meM surakSita hai| jisakI puSpikA meM : iti zrI gautama sampatI bihAre zrI vinaya pramogA dhyAye kucha milatA hai hai ki rAmakI racanA 10 1491 meM bhojana svAmI kevalajJAna prAvi para saMga meM zrI vivakA upAdhyAya ne kI ho kRti ke pIne mAra milate hai tathA vibhinna pratiyoM meM padoM kI thI ki hai| yaha saMgama 3-hindI 4-hindI 0115 1- vADityaH bihAra rASTramA pariSad meM prakAzita hI agarabanda mAsTara kA gau svAcI kA rAma va usake racavitA pATha 0 209 / tyA zrI mAdhurAma mI saM0 1973 saMskaraNa 0 35 vizvakA premI 0. 1947 saMskaraNa 0 65 kA mana itihAsa: DA. rAmakumAra varmA, diva0sa0 prakAzita sAhitya zrI isa bhUla kA parivAra bIkAnera ke bar3e jJAna . -: zrI govana hAla dekhAI bhAga pR0 15 bihAra rAjyAcA parindraH zrI gautamarAsaHzrI jagavaMda mAidA kA va

Page #367
334 rAsakAra svayaM prasiddha muni aura kavi the ataH 1430 kI kRti meM upalabdha pATha se jJAta hotA hai kivAsakAra ne yaha pATha bhI saM0 1412 meM hI ma svAmI ke baiMka kaivalya mahotsava parvapara likhA ho / prati kImatilipi japayajaina granthAlaya meM upalabdha hai| 1 praege Te afta mUlaka hai| prasiddha jaina tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke prathama gaNadhara gautama kI sAdhanA kA isameM vistRta varNana hai| ghaTanA pradhAna aura pAva pradhAna donoM kA mata hai| rAsa kI kyA vicitra ghaTanAoM se saMjoI gaI hai, jinake varNana meM kavi kA kAvya kauzala apUrva parilakSita hotA hai| gautama kA mUla nAma indramUrti thA va gautama unakA gautra / nagadha pradeza meM rAjagRha ke samIpa babara gAMva meM unakA janma huA / unake deha kI UMcAI 7 hAtha thii| indrabhUti 500 ziSyoM ke pratibhAvAlI evaM asAdhAraNa vizvAna guru the| eka bAra zrI mahAvIra svAmI pAvApurI bhAge vahAM unhoMne bhramavasaraNa bnaayaa| hajAroM strI puruSoM va devatAoM ko vahAM jAte deva gautama ko jayane jJAna para daMbha ijA / ve 500 ziSyoM sahita mahAvIra svAmI se zAstrArtha karane phuNce| mahAvIra ne usakA samAdhAna vedoM ke mAnoM ke kiyaa| inti ne mahAvIra se dIvA mana kara lI 500 vivya bhI dIkSita aura gautama prathama gaNadhara kahalAye |anukrm se 11 pradhAna veda mAtAoM ne mahAvIra kA vimbatva svIkAra kiyaa| gautama ke atirikta jo bhI mahAvIra ke vita hotA vaha jJAna prApta ho jAtA thaa| vIrya kA bhAva ke mandiravAloM se haTakara mautama ne rAste meM eka pAtra maiM manuMThA ivAkara ko bIpI va bIra DilAI bataH me 500 vApasa hI ho ge| 500 ko mahAvIra kA samavasaraNa dete hI kaivalya ho gayA |is vara 1503 mI ho ghara para gautama ko kevala jJAna nahIM mila sakA kyoMki mahAvIra ke prati unake mana meM sAra rAga thaa| 72 varSa kI Ayu meM gautama kI nikaTavartI grAma meM upadezArthamevara mahAvIra ne nirvANa prApta kiyaa| gautama ko kI pIr3A huI unhoMne dhoyA mahAvIra me anta samaya meM mujhe yaha socakara ki mauna mAlaka kI taraha pIchA kara use pazya mAnegA dUra me diyaa| mujhe biikaaner|

Page #368
335 lAve meM DAla divA, saccA sneha nahIM kiyaa| vilApa karate hue unake mana meM yaha bAta bAI ki mahAvIra to vItarAgI the, unake sAtha rAga bhAva kaisA aura mAna prApti ke sAtha hI ve kevalI bana ge| gautama 50 varSa taka gRhsthrhe| . varSa taka bhI rahe aura 1 varSa saka kvAlI ma meM bithare aura 51 varSa kI Ayu meM mokSagAmI hue| kyA kA sAra yahI hai| sampUrNa kAmya meM kami meM ghaTanAoM kA prabana, gautama kA varNana upamAoM aura utprekSAoM kI utkRSTatA ke sAtha kiyA hai| prakRti varNana meM bhI kavi kI mAnI nahIM hai| pUrA kAvya carita mUlaka bAlyAnaka hai| jisakI kathA bastu dhArmika hai| tathA gautamabamahAbIra kI sAdhanA se sambandhita hai| gautama rAba eka aisA kA kAvya hai jisakA uddevasya jIvana ko AdhyAtmika mAnanda aura sAdhanA kI ora unmukha karanA hai| bihAra ke hI nahIM samasta mAnava samAva ko impravRttiyoM se nivRta kara samavRttiyoM kI ora vAhana kI prastuta rAsa kA saMdeza hai| etadartha rAma ke pramukha pramukha kAvyAtmaka sthaloM kA nirIkSaNa kiyA jAsakatA hai| indrIpati kI zArIrika mA.ma, AkAra, bama aura kAtikA vana kami meM batAyA: jAna puna giri bhU dhUvara pamiNa baDadA bibA dihi ma nArIrati mila bimA ki biAra bAra duba mahato gAva prabhAva deha sApa mAvA maya barabara vivi kA pATiya It bara mAga mAni gAmI mAnisa niyADiya vikAra vinima kA vADiya zAlika nisa, basapA kiriva sArI kahilI va pujA li

Page #369
336 aDavA nivacaI puSNa janma jiNavaru ini cita raMbhA paramA gari gaMga ratihA vidhi vaMciya nahi budha, nahi guru, kavi na kovi, jala Age rahiya paMca sarva guna pAtra zatri TiDa parivarita (1-6) kavi me samavasaraNa kI racanA meM paryApta utsAha dikhAyA hai| indrabhUti kI svA aura pAMca sau viyoM sahita samavasaraNa meM jAkara mahAvIra se sAkSAtkAra karanA aura mahAvIra kA veda uktiyoM se use samabhAnA, gautama kA vIvita honA vyA prathama gaNadhara bananA tathA gautama dvArA sUrya kiraNa para car3hakara sIrthakaroM ke maMdira meM jAnA aura punaH aneka tapasviyoM ko kevalI banAnA Adi aneka sthala meyatA aura kAvyamayatA utkRSTa sthala hai: jojana bhUmi samora peva prathamAraMmi effees maMtra jati saraMbhi maniyama toraNa va caja, usI se navapATa vayara vivajjita tugaNa pratihArija vADha suranara kimmara maravara, iMdra iMdrANirAya free mukti pa sevaMhA anuvA ase forma bina bIra jina bisAhU bhavara vA maha iMdriyA a bATAvara cima puro gAna zrIvAdi bhAnu niyati kare, nAga bI meki mAnabAre puna prati bodhaI Ben Wu Shu #11 #21 mada idi bhimAni vAyA mani baDavaI rabi ni, bhAvani dinakara kirama

Page #370
337 cava maNi nimpanna daMDaklasa bhayakA bAhira pekhA paramAnadi jiNa hA bharayema vihAra niya niya kAya pramApidizi Thiya viNA viva paNapati mana ulhAsi gopana gayA kI vasi (1) rAma kA prakRti varNana kavi ke kAvya kauzala kA jAgA mApa kavi ne gautama svAmI kI sAdhanA aura gAlInatA kA varNana prakRti ke sAmAnoM vArA kiyA hai| kavi ne zrI gautama gamadhara meM mahApuruSoM ke sabhI mAya muSoM kA samAveza kiyA hai|unkaa vyaktitva kavi meM bar3I hI kuzalatA ke mA bar3e vicitra upAdAnoM meM nirmita kyiA upamA aura tobA sarasa hai| varSana kA kama sundara hai tathA vividha udAharanoM se puSTa hai bina sahakAriNI koyaka Tara jina isamA pani parimA bahAjina bAni pAca vidhi jima gaMmAjalu lAgi laDakA mi kaNayAba milA, 7 dima goyama gomAganidhi jina mAmA pari bhivakA sA, mi paravara ziri sAnimAra rAvANi jina rAmaka ravI mira, ni gari rAmana mini monu gumAna mima miniki, paramamA nimohapUraba dila nisAgaro bAknu ni zivira . mAvara ki mAmA ni vinavarI vimalarI parAjini ki mAmA vina lihA mAgomana sI mAra (10-11

Page #371
338 nAyaka kI eka car sthiti kA citra bar3A mArmika hai jaba mahAvIra nirvANa ko prApta hote hai aura gautama ko samIpa ke gAMva meM pratibodha ko preSita kara dete haiN| gautama unheM jAte deva bAlakoM kI taraha phUTa par3ate haiM aura isI vilApa maiM unheM mahAvIra ke vItarAgI hone kA jAna hotA hai tathA unakA jitavA rAga mahAvIra ke sAtha thA, vaha saba chUTanAyA hai aura ve kevalI bana jAte haiN| unake mana ke anya ko kavi citraNa karanA par3atA hai| mahAvIra ke jAne ke bAda gautama ke mana meM uThane vAle ye saMkalpa vikalpa "mujhe dUra bheja diyA, loka vyavahAra kA pAlana nahIM kiyaa| he prbho| Apane socA hogA gautama bAlaka kI taraha pIchA pakar3a kara mujhe se kaivalya mAMgegA Apane mujhe bhulAve DAla diyA, sabbA sneha prakaTa nahIM kiyA bar3I hI mArmikatA prastuta karate haiM kAma hRdaya gautama vilApa karate hai: pradhIra pa goSu prAmi devasamI pratibodha kie * Apana bhilA devi naMdaNa parata parama para balarAjaM deva akAsi, pevi jAmiya jina sama va muni pani vikAi nAnameva jiya upana kAmuni pAya devi, Apa kahA ka kAmavaI va vikUna mAhi loka vivAka na pAlika mati bhaeko yAni vA mAi nA bIpi bAlaka vIra jivi Apa vikaTa ne aura kRti ra nirveda kRti kI bhASA para yaha hai ki fe samaya yaha rAya kiyA gayA usa samaya kavi bahuta viDivo poi nAhina se vi (33-34) Dokara nikhara uThI hai| bhASA kI dRSTi se kA pavIta prabhAva dRSTigocara hotA hai isakA kAraNa mahA ke uttarAI meM likhI gaI hai| kyoMki ho gae the| maHma

Page #372
saMbhava hai ki isakA lesa kAlI zAdI hA ho| racanA geya rAsakaratI ne rAma ke sambandha meM apanI orase kucha bhI nahIM khaa| racanA ko dekhane para yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki yaha rAma gIti tatva pradhAna hai| sthA garibamUlaka ra kAya hai| prati ke mana meM empikA isa prakAra hai| . gatika mudi pratipadAyA / / deva stavana pustakaM ||(bdd'aa mAna bahAra, bIkAnera pravi) isa prakAra 15vIM zatAbdI kI adyAvadhi upaladha pramukha ramAoM meM zrI vinayapraya upAdhyAya viracita gautama rAsa kA sthAna mahatvapUrNa hai|

Page #373
: kalikAlarAsa hIrAnaMda hari 5vIM zatAbdI ke pramukha kaviyoM se rahe hai jinakI isa tAbdI meM kaI mahatvapUrNa liyA kitI haiN| jinameM basnupAta rAma (0 1444), dazArNabhadrarAsa, jaMgu svAmI vIvADalA saM0 1495 vidyA vikAsa pavAr3I, sthalipana bArahamAsA Adi pramukha hai, jina para Age ke adhyAyoM meM prakAra DAlA paaygaa| kalikaTETsa bhI apane hI prakAra kI racanA tikAla rAsa kaliyuga kI paristhitiyoM aura guNoM para prakAzaDAlatA hai|istaabdii meM rAma saikSaka racanAoM meM maha apane prakAra kI pahalI racanA hai|kliyug kI lokasthiti kA varNana mahAbhArata meM mila jAtA hai| hindI meMmANa kavi kA kali parita * sarva prathama milatA hai saMmeM sabhA caMdrakRta kaThicarita aura . 1845 meM rasaka goviMda kRta kaliyugarAnoM meM Adindha milane hai| parantu prastuta rAma bANa ke kalivarita mI 100 varSa purAnI racanA hai|iskii prati jaisalamera ke baina aMDAra meM hai tathA pratilipa abhaya jaina prasthAlaya se upalabdha hai|puraavsv maMdira jayapura ke eka guTake meM bhI isakI prArambhika 18 gAthAeM miliiN| khanA prakAzi zrIrAmacaribAnA vIM banAdI uttarAI kI hai| jisameM inakI bhASA sarala rAjasthAnI yA mAjIma dI hai| kavi ne varSanameM mAga bahArA liyA hai tathA kabdhiga ke kTa mITha anubhavoM ko khAne meM panimnAnAgAmi rahA hai| bAda meM musalamAnI rAjyoM hue batvAcAra kI prAya gAvara prastuta rAsa loka kAya zika kavi vInara pALU para kikA prabhAva dikhAyA hai|vii kI sthiti rANA, mA, mi, baratu kanya, sA, guru vIrtha, tapasvI, dAna tathA nivara .- dI turIna barSaka , maI 1950ii bhavaralAla nAhaTA kA

Page #374
341 mAdi kI parivartita sthiti paraprakAra DAlA hai| isa taraha kI kalikAla saMbaMdhI racanAeM paravartI rAjasthAnI kaviyoM kIaneka milatI hai| kavi ne racanA ko mAya, vastu vvaNi Thau phAga Adi zIrSakoM ke avibhAjita karake likhI gaI hai| kavi ne vIra jinendra tathA sarasvatI kA smaraNa kara rAsa prArambha kiyA hai| prArambha meM hI kavi kaliyuga kI sAmAnya pravRttiyoM kA ullekha karatA hai tathA kaliyuga ke pramANa kahatA hai| vardhana sarala vAkyachoTe bhAvapUrNa tathA bhAvA atyanta sarala hai: vIra jinevara pAbhinAju kahile kaliyama va pramANa ers samas bahulavanI hAmi INvivani yahUda hiva jAvi grata varasaI thor3A meDa, bor3I Ayu ghanA saMdeza rAti kapi huA bhUpAla ambAnI nai ati vikarAla nakaras loka vanI surasAra, loka huA bi sa viniradhAra afe niradhana dIes dAtAra kRthavaha pari ThiDimI avAra purva huI va itakAla, pApI nara jIvaI cirakAla auSadha maima mAmAna soriya vidyA nayi sujAna aMtaraMga ne bisAla biralA bIsaha anya gATha deva ravi huA mitrabhAva ke na dIsaha sarala bhAva koI na pAi bolyA mola saha nAvada pUniTo koI na vIsa ni gaMbhIra avala dhIra vinaya viveka, laukA, kAya saba dUra ho gii| bAusa baTana saMsAra meM nahIM rahA kaliyuga ke prabhAva se dAna aura dAnadI donoM miTa gae haiN| paramArtha kA vinAza aura pAka kA pracAra kaha rahA hai| banA hIna ho gaI aura kaTU vANI kA gayA hai: kIlA hAra gaI mandira parinaMdA cha pakaI pUri vinaya viveka mayA AvAra, bAlI kona kara bAri

Page #375
sAhasa satva nahIM sAra raMgaralI nahIM hiyA bhAra dAnava dAvina dAna dAvina gayA paradesi apana phAMdULa va dRzya vAina pIi javaMcA ghaTa AppaNA muiMdAnate kRpaNa dIDa bAhA mana racanAvamI moTIya bAta karaMti dhari Avata jAipa nIsata nAsIya baMdi (bastu 1) garoM varSoM kI sthiti bhI kavi ne bar3I dayanIya dikhAI hai| vaisa ke premI svArthI mitroM tathA kie hue upakAra ko ne mAnane vAloM kI sthiti bhI ullekhanIya hai| SaSa kula Acara hINa, vitrIyaloka asatrihi lIya maga soka mani navi dharaipa pApi tapa piri dauDaI bahana baSikA sAhiba huA bahana niradaya karma samAcaraie bApa sarAradhi sahai koI gharamA viraLa koI kAja vimAna prati mAra ra bAvika mAnA, pApaDa araba vidyAlaya ke gona bApA bhASImA, TO loka sabai vimA (parata) bajhana zyoM ke havArA pI kabi ne kA kIDa parvakAligI prabhAvoM kA paricaya nikAya kA pAnAmati kA niSkara honA dharmabhAgoM meM hue aneka pracAlita mAnavAnaro kAma yA satya se dUra kaTavAmI bAloM kA jabAna bhAvi vi me koNI mohaka zailI meM prastuta kie haiM: aura nAma kiyA upavAra haramana samabar3i gaNDa gamAra bhaepa kama bIrA pani pani goI bipAra maNi noI bApaNa bhAgAra

Page #376
353 amhi kuNa bhAragi anusaralaM e iMgari apari balatai dekhaI pA hechina gapahalAI bhApaNa bhAvA paNa e dezIya thor3A doka janera vistArIya mahi kahii anekana je guNa huI hai AbaI parama bhAraga gharama mAraga huvA mahu meu ve pukhi baI kahie dharma bhAgu amhi kaha saksa Api prazaMsalAgi saDaka avara dhamma puhi kahA kacara aMka kA bAr3I Aviga veDi laga jAmahAra nayaraha paNI vana disAui maNa sAca koI sAru koI bolati sArai rAi koi navi kahakapaTa sahUi patIjA peza abhayakumAra jima dharama daibhi baMdhIya lIja kA vacana bolai jike mAyA racihaM apAra bakA veNi kAi be imasa besAra dro mitra mAtra pusa mAibApa mula siha yA dekha ibdha hari vAvarA, koSa bamale na dekhAI nAva bASa kula guru pI bhAnai mami bhAga saraka bhAva visa cAlanA delI hAka bolipIna kA mati milI noDa mararamA pani dukhira sA koI (vastu 10-10) kAva meM kAbolI upazAtmaka aura saciva hai| prastuta kAya jana bhAga lina samAdhI masa sthitiyoM aura bAbAnoM kA loSa kavi meM bAgamavArika jIvana kI vApI eka dama bAniyoM lila kAdi meM eka atma kara diyA hai| mAnA garamA nAkAritA

Page #377
314 tathA kathAkI pAti janauMci para vijaya pAne vAlA prastuta rAsa hai jisako hane meM bar3A Ananda milatA hai|saahity kA upayoga yahI hai ki vaha vyavahArika jIvanake lie nirantara upAdevavahitakAraka evaM mArga pradarzana kase bAlA hokavine muniyoM yA bAbako kA kaliyagI kAyAkalpa batAyA hai| udharaNa ullekhanIya hai : pupibara mari mAgalA e, pagi pagi karai virodha ekA bhAragi aMtara pa, mANaI atithi abodha kohi lohi mAhi moDiyA e, pAragi navi bAleti Apa pravemA tapa karaI,e, paraniMdA bolaMti loka dabA mana raMjiva 2, vaNi dharaI vaya rANa bhAgA bharama i mAriI e, navi vIsai anurANa paMca viSaya gItA nahIM e, niSi hiMcyAri bAya vaha haraI saMjAmi karIra, jIvana tapau upAya kuTila bhAva zrAvaka huba ra hIr3A ati nirabhAva samAkita para muMhar3A kahai e ballAbaha bahupAva dhari barasana maDikI kaI e, viSaNa karai pAra barahama dekhIva kavinagA ra yasa mani bakAra puru upadeza hI navi pIjI pAbhara pApiya gari gAi emI mami pIti (svapi ( vastutaH pUrA rAmakalikAla kA svama vizna karatA bahA gayA hai agara au rakha kI dRSTi se ramA sAdhAraNa paranta vAta, zilpa, bhASA, aura madhya vikA kI miTa matvA mahatva hai| rakSA kI bhASA meM apara ke prayoga iMTane para hI nirAjasthAnI thA gujarAtI ke janada bhI milo hai| para pUrI rakSA ko sarala hindI kI racanA kahA jA sakatA hai| kavi ne mazadA vitra ko neka niyoM udAsoM iTAboM aura vAvoM ivArA spaSTa kiyA hai| yaha udharama rAga mahatvapUrNa

Page #378
ati niralAvana deha sya, puDi vApi kaThora myAriDa varSa isyA imAe ghara mAhi ji bora mAi bApa baMdhava kuTuMba myU karai virodha dIsai dhari dhari naba nabAe kArapi bina krodha lopIya kula guru tamIba rIti kI marajyAda sIma dIyatA kara roSa mADA yAda mIcaM gotra utsama tapAe avatAra supIjA sAba sUca je navi dharaI e hai kahii abAna ye dhana mAyA kevalayaMe tIhI karai vamAna iSi pariketA kahanu bola I tihivisAThe ra lamaNi pApIi e mAyA kalikAle kiya kocana camma bhae, bhana locana jora aMtaraMga bari nirajAba paba mAlapota dAna sIla pamanA vyAsa kina pApaDa sahA nivaDa hora dharma na bhI pApaDa cha enI mana padhi rAi zrI samati pAtA papaI hIrAda pavIya koSa pava mAlA (1) vastutaH rAma kI pIpaTa ho pAtA hai ki 15vIM vAdI Ane bhAle rAsImA bala bImita nahIM rakhI tathA usameM vividha viSayoM kA bhI vivema hone kamA biyA ki pUrva meM anya rAmoM meM vividha viSaya vastu rAmoM meM varSita ho jI pAti prastuta rAma meM bhI kavi ne apanI svecchA kAsima kA memopAMga vapana bimA ko isa paimAne para hai| mAvatI kA kiyA udAyoM ko bhI spaSTa for t..

Page #379
366 caUha chIvAsIya varasi pAkalikAlaha rAyo bIviDa rabIra bhavIya loya kaji upadeza nivAso papaI gubaI ke bhuga pavi melaI nara nAri hai mana vA wi mukha lAI e bAra bhavapAre isa prakAra 5vIM satAbdI kI rAsa saMzaka kaliyoM meM pArA aura viSaya kI dRSTi sekalikAla rAsakA mahatvapUrNa sthAna hai|

Page #380
347 :: saulahakAraNa rAma :: P 15vIM zatAbdI kI rAsa racanAoM meM eka choTA sA rAsa solaha kAraNarAsa hai jisake racayitA sakala kIrti hai| yaha racanA digambara bhaMDAra jayapura kI hai| kRti Amera ke bhaMDAra jayapura (zrI digambara atizayakSetra kameTI jayapura ke bhaMDAra) meM surakSita hai| prastuta racanA aprakAzita hai tathA chuTakA 0 292/54 ke patra 242-243 para likhI hai| prati kA lekhana kAla sambhavataH tAvRdI ke Asa pAsa hai| kIrti apane samaya ke digambara kaviyoM meM pramukha kavi hue haiM jinhoMne holikA rAsa, Adi aneka kRtiyAM likhI hai| prasiddha digambara kavi brahana jinadAsa ke se samakAlIna the| mastuta rAsa eka choTA sA khaMDa kAvya hai jisameM kavi ne prArambha meM maMgalAcarama ke pazcAt sAdhanA ke lie tapa aura tapake lie 16 kAraNoM kA vidhAna eka zreSThi kanyA priyaMvatA se kiyA hai| priyaMvaMtA kA paricaya kavi ne eka durbhAgyazAlI paradharmI, aura va DogoM yukta mahA kurupiNI ke rUpa diyA hai| jo pUrvabhava meM ki aparAdha ke kAraNa isa gati ko prApta huI thii| jaMbU dIvaha bharata seta mAgathA chaha desA rAjAgRha chaha nagara hema prabhArAja dhaneTA vijayA suMdari tamAma purohita mahAsaramA biDIyA nAri ma gharamA Sore mairavi roga vyava kavi ne pUrvamaya meM karma siddhAnta kA pracAra kathA ke dvArA kiyA hai tathA solaha kAroM hai jo pAcana kI sakatA aura yoM ko nirvANa kI prApti karAye hai isa rAkha ko prema kasA bAhira yahI saMdeza diyA hai| kyA kI nAyikA eka bAra pUrvabhava meM bAkAra hama karane ke lie Aye muniyoM para zuka detI hai aura usI bApa se vaha isa janma meM bhayaMkara rogoM se grasita hokara kuruvinI kA jAtI hai| isa prakAra do bAra muni use pUrva bhaya meM kie pApa aura isa bhaya meM isakA udhAra karane ke 16 kAraNoM kA utte karate haiM:

Page #381
308 rAjA mahIpAla vegavaMtara chai rAmI visAkhI putri nAma viveka vidUSI AhAra levA muni ika mAyA vahnayAmA bAhAra levA jAma basti niramala guNa dhAmA gariva baiThI tADu uvari thuki mada baMdhI rAjA cheha lahUhI karI tuma saTha dInI nidA garuDA Ayu kI munikanha lagAi kuMvari te tapu liyau anasaraNa AhArI aura isa prakAra bhivArtha Aye yugala cAraNa muni use 16 kAraNoM se sampanna vrata karane kA vidhAna samajhAte hai| kathA vastu dhArmika tatvahote hue bhI isa choTI sI kRti meM kyA-tva hone se pAThaka yA zrotA kI rUci banI rahatI hai rAva racanA kA uddezya upadeza pradhAna hai kavi janasAdhAraNa meM kisa prakAra pUrva mana meM Pregcreat se isa bhava meM phala prApti kA sikhAvana dekara jana sAdhAraNa ke sAmane saMyama va upAsanA ke 16 kAraNoM ko kathA sUtra meM bAMdhatA hai| ina kulI terI janama huA pUzva videha, solaha kAraNa varata karI bIrthakara choi vana vAlI pAvanamI kahi vApi vivArtha, mAdA mAvi caitra mAsa kahie vivArA kari maMsa eka Tokchu pAlInjara, parihari pari vyApAra va madha karIjaMDa ffer ghari pAliyara kAnavi kInjara vibana gAnA caritra varSo vahi vina karInjara pAlie saba paTAre, jJAna nimbara bAra paDhana bahu raMgi vivA bhava bhava do para mahi bara rAmu gharI. pArivAna va vAri veda kati pAtIbara

Page #382
319 zanibara sAdhu samAdhi barI upagAra karenbA, basavila baigAvarata karI pAlinja bhArata devaDa prakkhi kara saba bIgA TAsa, bAbA guru mavi karI bhagati pratimA zAstra banA ini bo paDhI hi bhavati karI, pravacana bAnI pakirI niekA pAnIpata bAla pravacana pAliyai mani nirAza bhAbhI, bolaha pAvana mAvi ra mura pAsa bAnI dina dina pratimA pUjivai nisi jApa japIjya, bobaDa pana avamaTha modika DoTImA mahavA pitevana vAra bAmasina lahiNyA, munibara asthiya bhaya ca savapUjakarIja bArava guru payanamaskarI brata dila kara tIno gatakAla nyAsa kI diDha maramapi sIdhA inhIM bola kAraNoM se nAyikA tI bhaviSya meM zreSTha yoni ko prApta kavi ne kAvAsyoM vAkya ke sabhI aksiyoMki kAmanA karatA kina mokA kAlA ko banI mamakara ko pAlatA se asAdhAraNa pada zAma hogA: eka mino bratukA mA bahavA nArI sIkara para bolA yo pamimA bhArI sanIti nirA kisa kAraNa bamabAra aura sI Titika mahatva nIva hai parantu mAmA kI TikiyA basa vikAsa kI dRSTi se solaha kAlarAma utanIya vikara kaviyoM kI camAra kI potI ki miTI mAya muniyoM kiyoM svAmI mautubraatii|

Page #383
adhika likhA hai parantu digambara kadiyoM ne kI golI meM hI apanA sAhitya liyA hai / : pAkA kI dRSTi ke prastuta kRti ma mahatva avazya spaSTa hai| yo milAkara kRti sAdhAraNa hai dayA kAvya kI iSTi se bahuta praur3ha nahIM hai| brahma binadAsa kI kucha aura kRtriyoMkA vivecana karane para unake kAvyamata kI mukhya pravRttimA jAnI jA skegii| prastuta rAmaka varNanAtmaka nayA kAvya hai jisakA pala uidezva dharma pracAra mAtra hai|

Page #384
phAgu * kAvya 3883333333333

Page #385
phAya kAvya ullAsamaya anupUtiyAM prakRti-pradatta hotI hai| mAnava ko rAga harSa aura zAhalAda janmajAta manI vikAroM aura mAvoM ke rUpa meM upalabdha hue hai| rone, gAme aura apanI abhivyakti dUsaroM taka pahuMcAne kA kAma vaha AdikAla se karatA calA AyA hai| ataH pratyeka ritu ke sAtha prakRti svayaM usakA bAhavAna karatI hai| grISma, vasaMta,zizira, hemanta Adi rituoM meM kisakA vA svAgata nahIM. krtaa| usake lie patana kA bhI uttamA hI mahatva hai jitanA prIma aura zizira kaa| vizeSa taura se adhika AhalAda aura ullAsa kA parva vasanta hai| phUloM kA mAdaka parAga, aliyoM kA muMjana, mauramita AmalliriyAM, paMjika kAnama, baurAI DAliyAM koyala kI kUka, tathA iThalAtA mAyAmila sAre vAtAvaraNa ko hI caMbala aura dolAyamAna kara detA hai| AhlAda mAna ke strota rAzi rAzi ullAsa ko lie phUTa par3ate hai| saundarya ke ko kila kI halakI mI pavadhavani sunAI dene lagatI hai aura mAdaka vasanta sila uThatA hai| phAgu vasanta kA hI mAdaka gAna hai|kaam ko mammatha kahA gayA hai aura sambhavataH yaha kA manmatha kA kI eka ullAsa hai| basa isa parva aura aba saDAsa para kAma kA apanI bApI bo cAra mo inakA svAgata nahIM kregaa| kyA jIvana aura naI prAdhArA ko karAne vAlI bAya kI eka mIThI pIra ke mAhita nA mAnA hai| aura makAna ko apane prabhAva kI raMgIta meM iyo dekhaa| bama gA. vA mahotsava, svAgata-gIta, satya, ullAsa kiyA bAbArI mAna kA bIvana meM nae utsAha kA unmeSa karane bAlI zakti milA hai| kA kAma kI paramparA ke itihAsa para vicAra karane para maiM aza kI mArAmA mA / yo saMskRta meM bhI yaha paharita vivAI kii|

Page #386
isa diza meM ritu varNana aura ritu samdhI sAhitya liyA jA sakatA hai, jisakI abhivyakti Ananda aura ullAsa ke sAtha saMgIta meM DUbI huI hai| ritukAvya bhI saMskRta meM adhika nahIM milte| saMskRta ke pazcAta aparaMza ke rAsa yuga meM phAgu kI paramparA kA prArambha mAnA jA sakatA hai| sAmAnyataH rAsa aura phAgu do zabda sAtha sAtha prayukta kie jAte haiM para vAstava meM ina donoM ke artha aura kArya vyApAra maikdAcita kucha antara hai| eka anya sabda rAsaka bhI milatA hai| sambhavataH yaha phAgu rAsaka kI hI kriyA vyApAra ke adhika nikTa ho| kAga kA tAtparya ullakhita vA AhlAdakArI gAna hai| phAgu saMjJaka racanA zrI siri thalimada phAga 14vIM vatAbdI ke uttarArdadha kI racanA hai| DA. bhaugIlAla pADesarA ne isase purAnI paka aura phAgu kRti kA ullekha apane grandha- prAcIna phAgu saMgraha- meM kiyA hai jo unheM zrI agara canda jI hAhaTA se upalabdha huI thI aura vaha phAgu zrI jinacanda sUri kAma hai| nAhaTA jI ko isa phAya kI prati jaisalamera ke prAcIna jaina bhaMDAra se upalabdha huI thii| isa kRti meM yadyapi * se 20 taka kI kar3iyAM milatI nahIM hai| parantu upalabdha pATha (6.21) kar3I taka) ke varNanoM meM sabase andara evaM kAvyAtmaka vasanta varNana hai|' ava: spasTa huA ki phAgu kAvyoM kA sambandha vasanta varNana se hai| isa prakAra bhAvikAlIna hindI sAhitya kI upayudha se prAcIna vaha dUsarI ziri ligada kAya ke sAtha sAtha DA. sADesarA ne apane gandha meM aneka kAmoM kA kAma kiyA hai| zrI nATAvI mAha mI aneka prAcIna phAgu racanAeM vidyamAna hai| navarA mAvI vAdI ke bAda zrI 18vIM vAdI kaDo mo kI saMkhyA kA kAya milate hai |mt: yaha racanA phAgu paramparA kI 10 ziprAcIna kAmu saMgraha, DA. yogIlAla sADesarA, pu.|| 2- bahI andha, vahI pRsstth| 1- bahIba .10-231 // 4- prAcIna mu saMgraha, DA. bhogIlAla sADesarA y.--

Page #387
sIrekhA meM Ane vAlI eka pramukha kRti hai jo aba taka adhAta (jinacaMda mUri phAga ke nahIM milane se pUrva taka) Adi kAra kI sarva prathama phAzu racanA kI jA sakatI thii| saMskRta kAvyoM kI paramparA meM phAya kA sthAna spaSTa karate hue zrI avayacaMdra jamI ne likhA hai ki ritu kAvyoM meM bhI phAmu kA prArambhika rUpa dekhA jA sakatA hai| phAgu kI spaSTa jhAkI meM sabase pahale hameM pramIta ratnAvalI nATikA ke prathama aMka meM milatI hai| kavi me madamojhAma maiM madana pUSA kA samAroha pUrNa samArambha dikhAyA hai| madanikA to unmAda ke kAraNa samayocita mRtya bhI bhUla gii| vidUSaka ne use "mamaNa vana visaMbulaM basatA miSaya maipaDI(kAmavatra vaiDikA basatAbhinaya nAcatI huI) dekhakara ThIka hI vaisA rAjA se nivedana kiyA thaa| kaMdarya pUjA ke avasara para ceTiyA mRtya karatI huI samaveta svara se DivapadI manDa mAtI thii| ata: yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki phAgu kI ye pravRttiyAM skRta ke ratnAvalI nATaka meM bhI milatI hai aura madanotsava tathA varSa pUjA isameM vizeSa msa se hotI hai kyoM ki varSa kA vizava mitra vasanta hI mAnA gayA hai| utsava kA viSaya home se yA kAmanA kI jA sakatI hai ki kAya meM mIla, bAzma, mRtya bAma aura samAvi manana gogye| aura babanI ki nakAra ... samAtiyoM ke mAdhAra para vimAnoM kA kI kameka (ka) kA bAgarA meM kAma kI maramati basya phasA (basasa prAkRta-pAya c) gujarAla bivAma kI mAtrAstrI ne mArika viSayoM ke AdhAra para ... ... . mana kAla yA mAgarI vArilI patrikA, kakanImA kA-vidhiliDdagaMA-pAlopaka 1.prA.kA.DA. sADesarA pu. - babantotsava mAI baap| -bhASA kaviyozrI kADImAtI

Page #388
(ga) vasaMta vilAsa kI bhUmikA meM zrI kA vyAsa ne bhI viSaya varNana ke AdhAra para ise madhu ritu ke ullasita vAtAvaraNa kA gAna hI mAnA hai|' DA0 sADesarA ne bhI hemacandra kI kAma sambandhI paribhASA para prakAza DAlA hai| dezInAma mAlA meM hemacandra ne ise vasaMtotsava kahA hai| ataH yaha spaSTa hai ki isakA viSaya zrRMgArika honA caahie| isameM madhumAsa kA varNana ho| koI vizeSa avasara yA mahotsava kA varNana ho| ullAsapUrNa abhivyakti ho| basaMta krIDA varNana na hone se zrRMgAra ke saMyoga aura viyoga kisI bhI pakSa (kha) (8.) kA varNana ho| (ca) varSama sarasa aura bhAhalAdaka ho| ukta pravRttiyoM ke udAharaNa aneka varavarvI phAgu meM milate hai siri bhUti bhaiva kAra meM bhI kavi ne usakI viSayagata pravRtti ko spaSTa kiyA hai kharatara gachi jiNa padama bhUri kyi phAmuramevau belA nAbaI caitra mAsi ragihi gAve / asa: yaha nAcane aura calane kI pravRtti kAgu ke ukta udharapa se spaSTa hotI hai| kavi meM vizeSakara isakA mana bana pAta si hI yiaa| pIra kA vidhAna-mAvekara- mada se abhipreta gelA / ma kAmapUrNa abhivyakti ke lie hai| rokA aura mAha meM kIr3A aura mRtva spaSTa ho jAte hai| vIM zatAbdI ke bhayeka paravI gAva kAvyoM kI prerita bhI isI prakAra vizva pradhAna rahI hai jisameM kAza pAcho-devI nAma mAlA hemacandra(6-01) kyA prA.kA.DA gADerA .. .prAcIna aura kAmbA zrI DI.DI. pada

Page #389
krIr3A nutya gIta. vasaMta Adi kA hI vidhAna milatA hai| kucha udAharaNa etadartha dekhe jA sakate hai. rAjala devisa sividha gayau so deva zubhijai manahArihiM rAya sihara muriki phAgu ramIjai ' maiM ramIja gida vizeSa ullekhanIya hai| yaha kRti 5vIMtAdI kI hai| bhaviya jiNe sara bhavaNa raMgi riturAu ramevau manaharisI jayasiMha pUri ki phAgu kaheu-2 meM raMgi riturAu, ramevara se phAgu kA abhipreta siddha hotA hai| yaha kRti bhI 15vIM batAdI kI hai| phAgu vasaM ti ji belai belai muguma nidhAna vijayavaMta se chAi rApa tilaka samAna-" isa udharaNa se spaSTa hotA hai ki unlAsapUrNa madhuritu kA mahotsaba jisameM senA gAmA aura raMga meM DUba jAnA hI phAgu kI pravRtti rahI hai| samudhaka ne to phAgu ko muhAvanA tathA khelane ke lie hI kahA hai| jo samudhara mamA sohAvaTa kA belA pavivAra 15vI vAdI prasidhAma jabara cie to) mekniAva kA mI rAsa pAye jAne ke lie hI kiyA hai, mA spaSTa hotA hai| miva yA ziri dimi vyApara dhApa sahi saMdha sUra use zAmina pApiya gAbhika raMga . 1.prA.kA .. . rA 1. sabasiMha yUriyA-piNA 1- an svAmI gama-mAsa 4. bahI . 56 // kI-prA0kA... 55 // mA.kA.sa.pU. 56

Page #390
kavi vinodihi sirijaya sirijaba sehara TUri jai khela se apada saMpada pAmaha pUri phAgu meM ramaNiyoM aura kAminiyoM ke nRtya karane aura khelane kA ullekha bhI milatA hai / kavi dUma ke neminAtha phAgu kA udAharaNa etadartha ullekhanIya hai pINa payovara athakara gujara caratIya nAri phAgu lai te kari kari nemi jinesara bAri 356 phAgu telahi manaraMgahi haMsagamaNi mRganayaNi guNacanda sUri ne to eka vasaMta phAgu hI likha diyA hai| 15vIM zatAbdI ke devaratna sUri phAgu meM kAmadeva, rati aura usake mitra ade kA varNana atyanta sundara milatA hai| phAgu kI isase ukta pravRtti aura mI spaSTa ho jAtI hai| caMdana nAraMga kvalIyalavalIya karai AnaMda raat xes bahu maMgii raMgii madhukara vRMda aft vani gAyana gAyaI bAyai malaya samIra safe mAvaI ramaNIya ramaNIya nava nava cIra Tags caika stent karA mayama mahIpati mAvaI rAjai ra ImAra --0 pramukha mitra aura anya meM kavi apane 90% ravinA vaha bArIka rokha bAbIra re parikari parikari gari re ko kA kAvya ke abhipreta ke rUpa meM spaSTa karatA hai| 1- murabADa, mAnakvADa mArienTa sIrIja, 18vA puSdha pU074 pena maiM upaladha / prAcIna ya-trI ra mATA kI se0 1493 kI pothI panA 20307 saMgraha- ST0 kI 50 550561

Page #391
327 saMvat paraba navA varisiI ritu vasaMta jana pahanai divasiI mana raMgiDi ma vishaal| phAga baMdhI ye guru vinatI pAva bhagati bholima saMjatI kIdhI rasa brsaal||' isase yaha eka bAta aura bhI spaSTa hotI hai ki kabi ne yaha phAgu kAvya likhA bhI vasaMta ritu maiN| ataH varNana meM vajanya vasaMta kA madhura citrapa ho sakatA hai| ina kA kAvyoM ke atirikta aura bhI kaI ga jo khelane aura gAne ke lie race gae the, zrI Aracanda mAhaTA ke saMgraha meM vidyamAna hai| 'vyA aneka jaisalamera ke jaina maMDAra meM hai| phAgu kAvyoM kI yaha pravRtti hameM 16vIM 10vIM zatAbdI taka barAbara milatA hai| basanta vilAsa ke sampAdaka ne phAgu ke vAtAvaraNa kA bar3e hI madhura padoM meM citra sIMcA hai, jinase kaI bAte spaSTa hotI hai|' nimkayataH ukta dhAroM se kAgu ke zilpa vidhAna ke batvoM kA vivecana yoM kiyA jA sakatA hai. (ka) phAgu basanta kA kAma hai| (kha) yA saMgIta pradhAna hotA hai| (1) bA krIDA se sambandhita hai| ramekA sabase kama kI yA kI ora dhyAna pAnA hai| 1-deDa- na revikArika gUkAraba-zrI puni vimavikA-devaratna pUri kAga pR.154058 2. amana caina pradhAnamavIgamera meM saMgrahI-jimakada mUri kAma,rAvaNi pArvanAtha phAya, jIrApI pAzrvabhASa kAmottamaca pAnAvakAmAdi amekakA hai| 1. devi bhUmi - prA. ga. gaha-zrI balA . pa .

Page #392
358 (gha) khelane ke atirikta nRtya kA bhI Ayojana isameM hotA hai| ataH khelanA aura nAcanA donoM kriyAeM phAgu meM hotI hai| belA nAcaI' se tAtparya krIDA karane aura nRtya karane kA hai| 1 (30) yaha unmAda pUrNa ullasita mahotsava kA pratIka hai jisameM unmatta hone yA pramAda pUrNa ho jAne se abhinetAoM ko zarIra kI bhI sudha budha nahIM rakhatI thI / udAharaNArtha siri dhUlima phAgu maiM kavi ne likhA hai ki * mAmakUphara mAthivima simasima nAcate / / (ca) kA kAvya ke lie mAsavizeSa kA Ayojana hai aura phAlguna yA caitra maiM vasantotsava para hI yaha belA jAtA hai| (cha) vasantotsava yA kaMdarpa pUjA isakA pradhAna viSaya hai| bahudhA kaI phAga maiM caitra yA vasava kA ullekha milatA hai| caitramAsi' se yaha bAta aura bhI spaSTa ho jAtI hai| (ja) jo raMgihi zabda kucha phAgoM meM milatA hai usase tAtparya sambhavataH mAnava kI AlhAdakArI mAnasika raMgIniyoM se hai arthAta atyanta utsAha meM DUbakara jo kArya kiyA jAya aurausameM utsAha kA vAstra utsa pravAhita rahe / (4) isameM krIr3A karane vAle strI purUSa donoM hote hai| (a) anaMga pUjA aura ina saba bAtoM se yaha kahA jAtA hai ki kAyu meM eka prakAra kI jaminama niyojamA rahatI hai, aura yaha hotA hai| naiva kAvya kyoM ko mIDikAbya aura africa kAvyoM ko mIDiya kahA jAtA hai| aba isa Ti se rAsa aura kA kI philmUta vizeSatAeM mama samAna hI hI dikhAI par3atI hai| saMbhavataH yaha rAsa se aura choTA hotA honA aura isakA bilva rAma se adhika klAtmaka evaM 1- vahI anya pR0 4 2- prAcIna 3- nahI tha saba bhI isameM nihita rahate hai| zrI DA0 vATevarA pU0 4 pada 8 /

Page #393
359 komala hotA hogaa| rAsaka kI paribhASA dete hue bAgabhaTTa ne usameM 64 yugalauM (pleyara) taka kA ullekha kiyA hai|' aneka nartakiyoM aura citra tAla tathA laya ko pramukhatA dI gaI hai| isameM komalatA aura auvadhatya kA bhI samAveza hai / 2 sambhavataH yahI rAsaka phAga kA paryAyavAcI ho, kyoMki Age viSaya parivartana hone para usaka meM vIrarasa kI pramukhatA ke kAraNa auddhatya kI pradhAnatA ho gaI aura ve raNa pradhAna bana gae aura unakA komala pakSa phAgu yA rAkha kahalAne lagA ho / jo bhI ho, itanA spaSTa hai ki phAgu kAvya geya rUpaka hai jo Aja mI rAjasthAna aura gujarAta meM gAye aura sele jAte hai| yaha to huI phAgu ke viSaya saMyoga zrRMgAra kI bAta para viyoga yA vipralaMbha zrRMgAra varNama meM bhI phAgu kAvya kI racanA hotI thii| mAyikA ke viyoga ke pazcAtR nAyaka se usakA punarmilana kisI phAyu yA rAma se kama ullAsa kA sUcaka nahIM thaa| prema kA carama milana aura milana jhulka kaisA? ataH taba bhI sambhavataH phAgu kI racanA avazya hI hotI rahI hogI / kAya kI sAmAnya pravRttiyoM para Upara prakAza DAlA gayA hai para isake atirikta bhI phAgu sambandhIracanAeM milatI hai jinameM vikyAntara spaSTa parilakSita Doka hai| viyoga zrRMgAra meM nAvikA ke punarmilana para ida ullAsa kA eka phAmu bakhata vilAsa milatA hai| isake sampAdaka ne kA kA viSama vijana aura isake pazcAda 1- vAyuma- kAvyAnuvAsana 30 150 / 2. aneka nakI yo vizvAsa kiTa dhUmalAhAsa samRdhate / 3- nAgarI pracAriNI patrikA varSa 59 1 0 2011- viri thuli maTakA 5021 / K

Page #394
nAyikA kA nAyaka se huA milama AtA hai| isa prakAra kI pravRttiyoM se kucha sAbhya rakhane vAlI kRti sthUlibhadra kA ho sakatI hai, jisameM koza ko sthUlipA se munarmilana hone kI Aza meM asAdhAraNa unlA huA hogaa| kAgu kAvyoM ke zilpa para vicAra karate hue hama rAjasthAna ke Dapha ke gItoM kA vismaraNa pI nahIM kara sko| rAjasthAna meM ye gIta Aja bhI asAdhAraNa utsAha ke sAtha gAe jAte hai| ina gItoM kA samaya bhI madhu rikha hI hai| basanta kA Agamana hI inako AmaMtraNa detA hai| pakar3a meM basanta kI bhAti, zuSka aura vyasta jIvana ko phAguna ke yai gIta eka ajIba sI mastI, pramAda aura ullAsa se bhara dete hai| inameM sAhitya ke jIvanta tatva hote hai tathA kaI vyakti milakara ina gItoM ko gAte hai / ye Daka kaigIta hI sambhavanA kAya kAvyoM ke vartamAna sa hai kyoMki inameM Da vATya to bajatA hI hai, sAtha hI pAyaka bRtya bhI karate hai| Dapha eka bar3A sA vADya hotA hai, jo Dola kI bhAti bar3A aura gola hotA hai| __Daka ke gItoM para rAjasthAna ke prasiddha sAhityakAra zrImanohara bI.ema.e. ne vistAra meM vicAra kiyA hai| ina gItoM kA paricaya dete hue zrI mI liyate hai ki-basanta paMcamI se lekara zulaMDI taka rAjasthAna meM Daka pAye jAne hai| yA yoM kahanA cAhie ki itane samaya rAjasthAna kA samasta vAtAvaraNa mIyoM kI bAvAba meM magane lagA hai| zaharoM ke dima jIvana ko chor3a bhI, jo gAvoM, pUre jIvana meM ina dinoM eka megavaDI boragI umamI mo. massa koma mAmaya ko mAvAna kara detI hai| isa lioM meM hogI DabavAye kiA mahIM rahA jAtA ina mIThoM aura gA mI sambhavAH yAra hai ki kAla meM mRtya, sImA, ra AliAi bhAna hI pilva ima saka ke gItoM meM striyA bhAga kI rIlI gutva konakI meyatA, sammamatA, kaTavA tathA prAya mAdigA meka bhAga tya,vAisa gIta tathA ina Daka bajAne bATo - mAratI- 1 . sthAna vI,ema.e.,mAravaratna,kAvyahI kA / ke bIDa zIrSaka:zrImanohara

Page #395
kI vizeSa mudrA kA paricAdete hue zrI manohara zarmA likhate haiM ki Dapha ke gIva kuruSa samAja ke gIta hai| ina dinoM ke sambandha meM striyoM ke gIta alaga hai aura puruSoM ke alg| yaha vasaMtotsava kA samaya hai| isa samaya nRtya gIta evaM bAhuba kI eka dhArA sI baha calatI hai| hapha puruSa hI bajAte hai aura ve hI isakI AvAja ke sAtha nAcate hai aura gAte haiN| eka hAtha meM Dapha (caMga) aura cimaTI (lakar3I kA eka choTA sA Tukar3A) rakhate haiM aura dUsare hAtha se Daka bajAyA jAtA hai| hAtha kI boTa se nara kI AvAja paidA hotI hai aura cimaTI semAdA kI bAbAba nikalatI hai| sAtha meM chimachamae (bhaMjIre) bhI bajAe jAte haiN| Daka bajAne vAle apane pairoM meM moTe bAdhate hai| upha ke sAtha jo nAva hotA hai vaha bhI apanI alaga vizeSatA rakhatA hai| upha ke sAtha kukkara, baiThakara, aura yahAM taka ki leTa kara bhI nAva hotA hai| ina Dapha gItoM ke viSaya bhI aneka hote haiN| inake gItoM kA dhamAla athavA horI kahA jAtA / isa taraha holI ke Agamana taka ye gIta apane carama para pahu~ca jAte hai| rAjasthAna ke dehAtoM meM ina gItoM kA sundara rUpa milatA hai| Dapha ke ima gItoM meM ullAsa kI anviti rahatI hai tathA sAmAjika jIvana evaM prAdezika vAtAvaraNa ke bhI sumdara citraNa milate hai| ina gItoM kI laya va dhuneM alaga alaga hotI hai use DhAla kahate hai| yaha bAteM kaI prakAra se gAI jAtI hai ina gItoM ke tarfsfree, dhArmaka, sAmajika, sAMskRtika Adi aneka hote haiN| kucha gItoM ko pramukha rAgoM ke atargata bhI rakhA jA sakatA hai| zrI manohara varmA ne apane lekha meM zrI maha, vi pAnDava dhana- vijoga, bharavana kA viraha, kAna kA mAva pramaragIta, mAherA, barAya, hIrarAMgA havI, kUMjA, svacma, carasA, me Adi para prakAza DAlA hai| praznottara rUpa meM hama gIyoM ke mI mI calate hai| 369 i prakAra kA kAyoM se inakA paryApta sAmya hai parantu gAyaka, nartaka bhI hai| parantu jahAM vasanta mAsa, meyAtmakatA yA pAtroM kI dRSTi se thor3A vahI, pR0 24-44 vahI, pR0 4-44

Page #396
1 362 saMgIta tatva, loka sAhitya ke eka rasa madhuratA, ullAsa aura nRtyaevaM bodha kA sambandha hai, rAjasthAnI Dapha ke gIta phAgu kAvyoM kA pUrNatayA pratinidhitva karate haiN| sAmanyataH phAgoM kI yahI pravRttiyAM haiM para kyoMki jaina kaviyoM dvArA hI adhikazata: ina phAgu kAvya kI racanA huI hai| ataH isake zilpa meM eka vicitratA hai| kaIphAga zrRMgAra zUnya hai| inameM rituoM kI vAsantika suSamA kA varNana bhI nahIM hotA | ye zAnta ra pradhAna hote hai| para jahA taka sthUliyana aura neminAtha donoM carinAyakoM se sambandhita phAgu hai, unameM madhura zrRMgAra sarvatra parilakSita hotA hai| phAyu kI inhIM vizeSatAoM ko dRSTi meM rakhate hue zrI agaracanda nAhaTA ne likhA hai ki vasaMta ritu kA pradhAna utsava phAlguna mahine meM hotA hai| usa samaya nara nArI milakara eka dUsare para abIra Adi DAlate haiM aura jala kI picakAriyoM se krIr3A karate athAya phAgu khelate haiN| jinameM vasaMta ritu ke ullAsa kA kucha bargama ho yA jo vasaMta ritu meM gAI jAtI ho aisI racanAoM ko phAgu saMjJA dI gaI hai| " phAgu kAvyoM kI eka aura zailI zabudArtakAra vAcI anuprasAtmaka zailI hai| zrI nAiTAjI ne bhI isa zailI ko phAgubaMdhI kahA hai| aisI racanAoM meM bdAlaMkAra ke sAtha yamakaca anuprAsa pAyA jAtA hai| parantu AdikAlIna saba phArgoM ko isa iSTi se dekhane se kaI racanAeM isa kA baMdhI bailI meM nahIM A paatii| saMgavAdaH yaha varmana kI eka kliSTa sAhityika baiThI hai aura isase isakI zAstrIyatA svAbhAvika rasamayI kAnu racanAoM meM bAdhA pahucAtI hai| isa yamaka anumAna baddhakI meM kise gae kucha kA avazya milate hai| kAva kAvyoM ke pUrvavartI aura uttaravartI kAla meM isa prakAra kI racanAeM nahIM miltii| DI madhyayama meM isa prakAra ke kAvya yamakazAsa milate hai| umAkaraNArtha bevaratna sUri kAma, jIrApallI pArzvanAga phAgu aadi| DA0 ambAlAla premAnanda bA ne idhara phAgu kAvya kI naI hI paribhASA hai| unake sudhAra kA nagI hai mada haiM aurana kAvya (prakAra) kA nAma / nAgarI pravArama patrikA varga 58 baiMka 4 saM0 2011 prAcIna mAvA kAvyoM kI vividha svArtha-trI magara mAiTA kA

Page #397
363 aisA pratIta hotA hai ki phAgu zabdAlaMkAra vAcI anuprAsAtmaka racanA hai| saMskRta maiM jisa prakAra yamaka badUdha anuprAsamaya kAvya hote hai vaisI racanA ko bhASA maiM phAgabaMdha kahA jA sakatA hai| ukta paribhASA kahA taka ThIka hai, yaha to nahIM kahA jA sktaa| para sanA avazya hai ki isa prakAra kI parimAyA ko hI phAgu kAvya ke lie khU kara dene se aneka AdikAlIna phAgu racanAeM, jinako racanAkAroM aura pratitidhikAroM me phAgu likhA tathA kahA hai, kAya kI sImA meM nahIM A sakegI aura imako aneka sarasa maNa evaM prasAda guNa sampanna sAhityika kRtiyoM ke hAtha dhonA pdd'egaa| zrI DA0 zAha ne saMbhavata: paribhASA meM navInatA avazya rakhadI hai para viSaya kI dRSTi se yaha bahuta saMgata nahIM kahI jA sktii| kyoMki isameM unakA dRSTikoNa ekAMgI hai jo phAgu ke bahuta mahatvapUrNa aMza ko chor3a detA hai| saMbhavataH zrI DA0 zAha ke kathana ke mUla meM yaha bAta ho ki zrRMgAra jarmana jaina kaviyoM kI pravRtti ke pratikUla hai / ataH afiiree: unake kAgu yamakabaMdha anuprAsamaya hI hote haiM aura viSaya nirvedAta, vasantavarNana hIna evaM zItarasa pUrva para vAstava meM aisI bAta nahIM hai| jima jina jaina kaviyoM ne bhI meminAtha aura sthUtimadra ko apane kAvya kA rimAka mAnA hai ve zrRMgAra aura vasanta nAdi kA citraNa nahIM chor3a sake hai kyoMki ina puruyoM kA saMca DI pahale zrRMgAra se rahA hai aura phira maga mAtra kA kA mAtra kahanA isa sAhityika kRtiyoM kI ora se bahuta kama nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| yaha sahI hai ki kA are are du org racanAeM milI hai nigAra Adi kA varSama nahIM hai aurakevala parantu viSaya pravRtti aura saMsthA donoM hI dRSTiyoM se baica rathanAoM ko hI baMda kara lenA hogA, jo kAvyoM ke madhyayuga Qing *** ra kA hai kAvyoM ke pUrva aura paravartI kAla kI aneka parasa kRtiyoM ke AdhAra para hI kAra ke vittvA parimAyA bhaya dRSTikoNa kA nirNaya honA caahie| ataH kisI vyApaka paribhASA kI paryApta apekSA hai tAki usane donoM prakAra kI iviyoM 10 jaina prakAza varSa 15560 165 parasya ane bhAdarI nirAza kAmanA kii|

Page #398
364 ke AdhAra ko svIkRta kiyA jA sake aura phAgu kAvyoM kA sahI mUlyAMkana ho / ina phAgu baMdha racanAoM kI paramparA calatI to rahI, lekina yaha bahuta hI zIghra chor3a bhI dI gaI aura avyavahArika samajhI jAne lagI / zrI canda zamI ne likhA hai- aneka phAgu kAvyoM ko uddhRta kiyA jA sakatA hai jo spaSTa ghoSaNA karate haiM ki prAsa yamaka zailI phAgu kAvyoM meM sAmAnya rUpa se prayoga meM nahIM lAI gii| yuga kI pIDitya pradarzana kI pravRtti evaM aMzata: afe ke kAraNa yaha viziSTa zailI apanAI avazya gaI kintu Age calakara aba taka prApta aMtima phAgu ke nirmAtA zrI rAjaharSa taka Ate Ate yaha zailI zithila hI nahIM huI jati chor3a bhI dI gii| ataH isa zailI ko AdhAra mAnakara phAgu kI paribhASA banAnA kisI prakAra samIcIna nhiiN| ' jo bhI ho, itanA avazya nizcita hai ki phAgu madhumAsa kI AhlAdakArI geya racanA hai| phAguracanAeM do prakAra kI milatI hai jaina aura jainezara bartha brAhamaNa parantu jaina phAgu racanAoM kA zilpa eka vaicitraya lie hotA hai| kaI racanAeM to aisI mI dekhI gaI hai, jinameM jaina muniyoM ke saMyama zrIse dIkSA grahaNa karane para kAmu kI hI taraha rAsa yA krIr3A hotI hai| jainetara vidvavAnoM ne phAgu adhika nahIM milate hai aura unakA vilpa bhI sAdhAraNa hotA hai| janevara racanAoM ke adhika nahIM milane kA kAraNa unakI asurakSita rahanA tyA vibhinna AkramaNa kI hI ho sakate hai| yA yaha bhI hai ki ve kisI hI thor3I saMsthA meM gaI ho| jaina phAgu racanAoM ke vipa vidhAna meM eka viziSTatA yaha hai ki usameM zrRMgAra ke sAtha jamakA sama samaya hai| mAra kA parihAra uma meM karanA bahuta hI kaThina sthiti hai| ina rAsa ko yadi virodhI rasa meM pI kaheM to bhI inakA saralatA se nirvAha kaviyoM kI abhUtapUrva pratibhA parva vidubattA kA sUcaka hai| ina racanAoM meM jIvana kA svAbhAvika aura svArtha vijaya hai| 1. de0 zrI yantra varga kA viri sthUla va phAgu-lekha nA0pra0pa0varSa 59 aMka 15024 20 ke0mI yAra sampAditavata vihAra prastAvanA 50 38 3- baDI itha vahI pRScha /

Page #399
365 zrI lAlacanda gAdhI phAya racanA ko vividha tatvoM se yukta dekhate hai unakA kahanA hai ki basaMta utsava se sambandhita, abhinava ullAsa vAlI evaM jIvana ko nava naba bhAvoM se pUrita karane vAlI viziSTa varNanAtmaka racanA kA hai jisameM gAbika chaTA ke sAtha sAtha yamaka anubhasA Adi alaMkAroM kI mubamA vidyamAna ho| zrI ma0pa0 amI ne ise madhumahotsava pI geya maka kA hai| janavara phAgoM se jaina phAgoM ke zilpa vidhAna kA antara spaSTa karate hue zrI vyAsa ne bhI jaina kAgoM ko iMgAra rahita racanAeM hI kahA hai| jinameM bama kI pradhAnatA hai| para aisI sthiti meM sthUlimA aura neminAtha sambandhI jitane andha phAgu racanAoM ke rUma meM hogeM, apavAda hI ko jAye kyoMki ina donoM parivamAyakoM ke jIvana kA sambandha gArika ghaTanAmoM se hI rakhA hai| - - 1- dekhie- zrI caina patya prakAra, varga 1 aMka * e. 113 zrI kAlacaMda gAMdhI kA lekha / * mAgarI pra0pa0 varSa 59 aMka 1 . 2011.15 //

Page #400
366 14vIM zatAbdI phAgu kala PPTE 4 14vIM zatAbdI se hI phArgoM kI racanAeM milanI prArambha ho jAtI hai| phAga paramparA para pUrva pRSThoM para vicAra karane ke pazcAta aba hama 14vIM aura 15vIM zatAbdI meM upalabdha kucha utkRSTa sAhityika tathA kAvyAtmaka phAgu racanAoM kA vizleSaNa kregeN| ina upalabdha kUtiyoM meM bhI rAsa kI taraha vividha viSayaka phAgu racanAeM mila jAtI hai| phAgu kIpravRtti kAlAnta meM itanI bar3hI ki 14vIM ke uttarAdha aura 15vIM zatAbdI ke pUrvAddha meM to rAsa chaMda kI mIti kA eka da * vizeSa hI bana gayA hai isI samaya kI aneka racanAeM zrRMgArika pravRttiyoM kI milatI hai / yoM aMzika rUpa meM anya rasoM aura pravRttiyoM se sambandhita kRtiyAM bhI inhIM phAgoM meM mila jAtI hai| phAyu kAvyoM ke varya viSayoM meM rAsa kI hI mIti vividhatA milatI hai| kucha varita pradhAna phAga haiM to kucha kathA pradhAna kisI meM ghaTanAoM kA bAhulya hai to kisI maiM utkRSTa zrRMgAra hai| yaha zrRMgAra bhI aisA jo saMyama aura ma kI sImAoM se baMdhA hai| inake atirikta, kAma parAbhava varNana, rApa varNana, krIr3A, ramaNa, nRtya Adi ke puruSa pakSa se sambandhita viSayoM para bhI phAgu saMjJaka racanAeM milI hai| vividhatA kI dRSTi se ina racanAoM kA bar3A mahatva hai| 14vIM aura 15vIM zatAbdI meM jo pramukha kAma milate hai unameM se jinakA sambandha neminAtha sthUmi aura naMbU svAmI se hai ve racanAeM ImAra pradhAna hai| kucha kAma parAbhava kI hai aura kucha anya viSayoM se sambandhita hai ma kA vaMzaka racanAeM zrRMgAra barmana ke lie nahIM hai para prastuta badhikIya kArgo kA sambandha aise nAyakoM de rahA hai jinakA eka caraNa taiyAra meM rahA aura dUsarA vama meM kAma ke ur3adIpana, saMyoga, viyoga ke citra tathA varSa varNana ke ulhAsita gAna ina phAgoM meM upalabdha hote hai| ina kAmoM meM gahanatA hai kAvyAtmakatA hai madhumAsa kA ullAsa hai / vAstava meM me kAvya guhAriGga ke paigIta ka hai| isa kAvyoM meM sekaI kAryoM kI pravRtti zrRMgArika hai| samadhi jaina kaviyoM aura sAdhaka iniyoM dvArA mAra va unakI paramparA se pratikUla par3atA hai parantu kyoMki unake pUrva puruSoM gari DonA nAyakoM 8

Page #401
aura tIrthakaroM meM se kucha kA sambandha zrRMgAra se rahA hai ataH usa vAtAvaraNa kA eka spaSTa citra khIMcane aura usameM apane carita nAyakoM ko Adarza siddha karane ke lie unheM ina mayAdAoM kA thor3A atikramaNa bhI karanA par3A hai| isakA tAtparya yaha nahIM hai ki isameM ve asaphala rhe| inhIM phAgu kRtriyoM meM zrRMgAra ke saphala citraNa aura saMyoga viyoga kI mArmika anubhUtiyoM dekhane ko milatI hai| tAbdI krama se inameM se kucha utkRSTa racanAoM kA paricaya pramAkita hai jinake viSayoM kA vibhAjana isa prakAra kara sakate hai: 1. geya phAgu 2. zrRMgAramUlaka kAma 1. vasaMta varNana sambandhI phAga 4- yamaka anuprasA pradhAna caMgArika kAga 5- sthAna aura tIrtha kyA mahApuruSa ke jIvana sambandhI gg| usa AdhAra para meva racanAoM meM adhikatara va pradhAna hai| minI kAmu baMca kahA jA sakatA hai| aMgAra mUlaka racanAoM meM neminAtha sthUlimA aura baMda svAmI sambandhI kAgu bAbe hai, ve meba prathA yoga viyoga se sambandhita kAba hai| zrRMgAra ko udadIna karane ke lie banda rikha sambandhI, tathA kAma parApana sambandhI ma kAthyoM kI bhI ina kamiyoM nA kI hai| isa mApAra ke basa manAyA khetI para jigara kAmyoM pInA mani " vikva bhUri kAma aba upamAna zAkAnI ramA base prAcIna hai| rakA choTI aura rana mAnisaharATa mahotsava para le jAne ke zibiramA ramA kA kyoMki inameM sUriSada saM0141 vibhA nAmaka mAnavataH kharabara ke kisI jaina gA me hidI jogIvAmI sampaparibIviyoM miI me pA pratipAdana - -rakhara mana paTAkalI - sanyAsa niji viyA jI..

Page #402
228 kiyA ho| isa choTI sI kRti meM zAMtinAtha kI stuti varNana, gujarAta ke pATaNa nagara kA varNana, basaMta zrI varNana Adi bar3e sundara varNana milate haiN| ' kRti kA kathAnaka bahuta hI choTA hai| choTe choTe sUtroM ko milAkara hI racanA ke viSaya kA anumAna lagAyA jAsakatA hai kavi ne apane carita-nAyaka jinavari ke mahotsava para sundara vasaMta varNana kiyA hai| dUri kA bIla saMyama ko dekhakara kAmadeva apane sasA vasaMta sahita una para AkramaNa karatA hai aura madama parAjita hotA hai tathA samasta bhaktagaNa unakI jayajayakAra kara phAga gAte aura selate hai| kRti kI samApti nirveda meM huI hai tathAracanAkAra meM ise dohA chaMda meM likhA hai| ina kRti kI mUla prati jaisalamera grantha bhaMDAra kI eka hastalikhita pothI maiM surakSita hai| prati kI pratilipi nAiTA jI ke pAsa vidvayamAna hai| unhIM kI pratilipi se DA0 sADesarA ne isakA sampAdana kiyA hai|" yahaprati Dita hai lagatA hai eka patrA ho gayA hai atha se lekara 20 taka kI paMktiyoM nahIM mila pAtI aura chI aura 11vIM paktiyoM ke pI choTe choTe TukaDe DI milate haiN| jo ho, upalabdha pAThIra ke AdhAra para isa racanA ke kAvya tathA bhASA sauSThava para vicAra kiyA jA sakatA hai tathA advayavidhi upalabudha kA kAvyoM meM kI jA sakatI hai| bAr3ha kA bahuta sA aMDita hai para isakI prAcInatA prati paryAya mahatvapUrNa hai| prArambha meM maMgalAcaraNa karake kavi meM dhamalivAr3a meM hone vAle mahotsava kA citrA sIMcA hai| jina prayojati parva nAyaka ke vaMza kA paricaya diyA hai:saMyu, viva vAuli urihAra bhareSaNamA are vA na visA kare jina proDari bATadi sirija viri ketu mere mAika nirika kAma devi kA pU + 1- jinaveda dUri phAga:prA0 kA0ke0DA0sIDevarA | pu0 31-32 | 1-a mA mAiToM kI gabAr3a bIkAnera 3- prA0kA0saM0 DA 045 sammelana kA bhAga 4006 zrI agaracaMda nAhaTA kA haika-rAjasthAnI kA kAvya kI paraMparA aura vipiSTatA / prakA DA0 bhogIlAla pra0 134 /

Page #403
3.9 muni kA teja, zIla aura saMyama ko dekhakara kApadeva se nahIM rahA gayA usako IpyA huii| apane mitra vasaMta ko ilAkara muni ko zalabyuta karanA cAhA aura isake bAda kavi kA mana basata varNana meM rama jAtA hai. bhare hayaDaU tapiyA pesivi na sahae ratipati mAha are bolAvai basaMtu ja samyaha rituGa rAu are nAgae suha bakruijIto goraDa karau vAka are isai vacatu nisugaviSu Amayau raliya vastu ra asanta kA madhura varNana kavi kI kAvya sammayatA kA pakhaya detA hai| prakRti kI suSamA varNana meM kavi khUba mukharita huA hai| zItala dakSiNa pavana bahanA baMdhakoM aura kamaloM kA khilamA, AmoM kA baurAnA aura kovala TaharUSa tathA ina gArika uddIpanoM se manuSyoM ke daba meM utpanna hone vAle kAma kA varSana mI vara kyiA hai: are pADala vAlA veula saMvatrI bAi muca kuMda are kaMTa karaNI rAyapaka vihasiya devADi biMdu are kamalahi maMdihi moriyA, mAnasa javali lAya are pIbalA ko malA purahiyA bAbaI ikila vAya are paripari bAbukA hariyA ko mayi beDa bare mA e TuhakAra bokara manA riyara kI ibAi varSadidi isa bAta ko mAtra para barasana ne pAmiA , kitanI junakriyavAda bare siMgArAvara vivi pari saba ko yaha kAma regiri kAra ani bAbarA ko Tihi navayaka hAru bhare bAsIhA mAmI varako bhakAra bIca bImoma kA sADA* DesarA, . / -

Page #404
Age kA pATha saMDita ho gayA hai kavi ne zrRMgArika upAdAnoM aura udIpana evaM alaMkaraNoM kA bahuta hI madara varNana kiyA hai| sundara zrRMgAra saMbhavataH ina soI huI paMktiyoM meM avazya rahA hogA kyoMki aisA ina iMDita paMktiyoM se spaSTa hotA hai| isI saMbhAvanA tathA upalabdha pATha ke AdhAra para hI isa kRti ko lekhaka ne zrRMgArika AkhyAna kAvyoM meM sthAna diyA hai| maMDita paMktiyAM dekhie: are siriyA mohA lahalahadi ksatUriya pahivaTa are .......------- .............--- Ta pariyA devagaNa bhAu / riNa dUrihiM vajaMvihi uhi zIla nariI verivi utkTa viDiyara pAya videzi viDa' zrRMgAra kA rAjA kAma apane uttama pravana para bhI muni ko nahIM jIta sakAAraparya bajane lgaa| bIla ke adhiSThAtA pani uThe aura unhoMne kAmadeva ko pachAr3a diyA aura kAyara kAmadeva kA lajjita aura iMThita hokara bhAganA thA indra kA jagajayakAra karanA ullekhanIya hai: are TreNiI TelizI dIpa, mAsa rativati rAja nArIya jaka meDivi jovara chADiya " para vivA pAyAzI vivi kora bIvI isa mA pani puraSati iNdd| aura nAyaka kI kAma vijaya para pATaya ke ulavita bhakta utsava karate hai| mAra yuddha kI ghaTamA saMskRta kAvyApalaTI mA rahI hai ataH paTamA gAra pradhAna hone kI sthiti uta niSTa ho pAtI hai| maiM kavi zrAvakoM ke ullAsa aura 1.prAcInakAsA bADesarA pu. 232 paba 12-13

Page #405
AllAda, nAriyoM ke nRtya gAna, tathA phAgu ke mantavya ko spaSTa karatA hai: vadha mAu karAvae simigahi jipacaMda mUri gujarAta pATaNa malA sayalaI mayara mAhi siri jiNacaMda sari phAgihi gAyahije ati mAvi te vAula pusalA vilasahi vilasahi sibamuha sAdhi ' racanA choTI hote hue bhI sIva dara hai| vikRta aMza sambhavataH kavi ke kAvya kA bahuta hI mahatvapUrNa aMza rahA hogaa| phAgu kI pratyeka paMkti meM are zabda kI AvRti hai, jo usakI geyatA kI sUkA hai| yadyapi racanA ke prAptAva meM kAvyAtmaka pratibhA ke sthala bahuta kama milate hai, parantu jitanA bhI milatA hai usI se kavi kI vailI bhASA tathA usake uslAsa gAna kA anumAna ho sakatA hai| zabdoM meM anuprasAtmakatA hai| prakRti varNana pI kavi ne anuramAtmaka kiyA hai| visiya viDi biMdu meM kitanA nivAra are ri puri A~bulA mauriyA kovala haraciya do ___ are acetana ve pAsiyA sinhuNI jugaliya vAsa aMtima pachi meM kavi kI upadezAtmakatA spaSTa hotI hai| prakRti barmana meM isI se pahale bhI upadezAtmaka sva isa kAma meM mila pAtA hai| varSa meM kavi kA kauzala dohI paMktiyoM meM dekhane ko mila bAbA hai: are siri mAha kAma bAvarA koTihi avAka hAra are mAhI hA pANihi vara kyo kA rakhoM kavi ne gAra ke dIyoM ke sAtha sAthIra rasa kI bhI pvani kA mAna karAyA hai| kAma kA gabara gera mAnA,ramatUrya kA banA aura garvonmata zIlavAna puni kA sammA mAdi saba kArya utsAha kI abhivyaMjanA karate haiM: - bahI grantha, pada 25 //

Page #406
372 ripa irihi vajatihiM uTTi bIla marita are daiThihiM deThihi dITha nAla ritu patimAha ghara nidaha pAya lihi puDavihi paMDiya lou jItA jItA iyamaNai pavai sagigahi surapati Icha ukta uddhadharaNa kI isa jaya jayakAra dhvani- ki pAtAla ke dharanIndra ko pRthvI ke paMDita logoM ko tathA svarga ke indra ko munivara ne jIta liyA- se utsAha kI yojanA spaSTa hai| ___ isa choTI sI rabamA meM apapresa ke gine cuke bahavoM ke sAtha kucha mAlaya ke prAntIya prabuda tathA prAcIna rAjasthAnI yA pracIna gujarAtI kI bharamAra hai| kucha zabda- tadabhava hai evaM kucha tatsama yathA:apanava-mauDU, mevara, bajavihi, udivya , sayA puSi, samiti, navarara aadi| mAlavI va prAcIna gujarAtI- vAu li, pusalA, AMbalA, ma riyA, uri, za, goraDa, raliya, vAlara, puri puri, TuDakae, taNI, prakAra, nAla, dI0e aadi| ___ isa prakAra kRti bahuta choTI hone para bhI kAvya ritva para prakAza DAlabI / yo rakamA mAmA aura kAma manomaya parAmaya kI basakA vitraNa karane vAlI babAvadhi zAma prati se prAcIna aura bhAvapUrNa hai|

Page #407
neminAtha phAga 373 (pavam) 14vIM zatAbadI meM eka loTA sA kAvya neminAtha phAgu milatA hai / isake racayitA kavi padma hai| racanA ke nAyaka zrI neminAtha hai| isI prakAra ke anekoM kAvya neminAtha ke jIvana para isa kAla meM tathA paravartI kAla meM upalabdha hote hai / prastuta phAga meM neminAtha kA rAjamatI se vivAha na kara vItarAgI hone kA saMvisa meM varNana kiyA hai| | kavi padma racita isa neminAtha phAgu kI prati zrI amaracaMda nAhaTA ke abhaya jaina pranthAlaya meM surakSita hai| zrI desAI mohanalAla ne tathA DA0 mAMDesarA ne bhI isakA ullekha kiyA hai| kA sirpha 14 IdoM meM likhI gaI hai| kRti kA cheda dohA hai| jisameM 10 kar3iyoM meM kavi ne khulakara vAsantika kamAoM kA varNana kiyA hai| aisA lagatA hai ki yaha choTA sA kAvya aneka mAvormiyoM se kavi ne choTe choTe bhAvoM dvArA phita hai / ata: ise hama urmi kAvya kaha sakate hai / varNanoM meM eka caTaka va mAdhurya kA samanvaya kiyA hai| kavi kA prakRti varNana sarasa hai / prArambha meM maMgalA caraNa ke bAda kavi ne madhu ritu kA citra khIMcA hai| usakI 7 AlaMkAritA va citrAtmakatA iSTavya hai jisameM prakRtika yA vAsantika suSamA h bhUma jhUma kara inatI bAlAoM ke kAma khelane kA AsthAvika varNana hai| sAtha hI nAriyoM kA azrRMgArika va ema rUpa citra bhI utkRSTa hai:malayagiri ratiyA makTara davina bAbAra kAmiNI mana soDA bahuta rivara rA fafe fees afva vivaha vahI ali jAti karAva koTaDUka movina mAya ara jana ais moTari bahumiM karavI kara karagadI nAraMga nava raMgi bAda ve varala siri hovana ketakI jAi tree parimala mahamada vADha sugaMdhara bAi "

Page #408
274 pIpa payohara apachara gUjara dharatIya nAri phAgu khelaite phari phari nemi jipasara bAri kaDi hi paTaulI gaDamaDA uri ekAvalI hArI kariyali kaMkaNa maNamaya paya neura makAro avara saMbola rasi raMgeu nayaSe kajjala reDa Apa aMdhArIiya kAcalI, 'kiri Unai umeha gorI kaiThi nagodA bIjala jima bhavati deti kati hIrAulI dIpati sahaNana jAi siri sIdekhi sayathalA bhamara mAlA jisI vINi phAya khelai mana raMgihi haMsa gamaNi manI 1 Age ke chadoM meM kavi nai neminAtha ke AdhyAna kA bahuta hI saMkSepa meM tathA mumbara varNana kiyA hai| upamA aura utprayAga meM kavi nemi va rAjula kA kucha hI paMktiyoM meM nirvada varNana karatA hai| phAga khelatI huI bAlAeM naimi kA carita gAtI jAtI hai tathA ullAsa maiM jhUma uThatI hai| bhASA sarala hai| ajUdoM kA gahana va pravAha varNanoM ko utkRSTa banA detA hai| abdoM meM thor3e meM hI adhika kaha dene kI zakti hai| meba rAsa meM itanI choTI racanAmeM kavi ke lie isase adhika kahanA asaMbhava hI thA: kAne kuMDala siriSar3Iva jaDa kiya siNagAra mahara sare si gAyava me mihi bAla kUvAra agara kapUra kerau (u ra sUkavi tama savivAra vihI prA besai nai mijie riturA bIjaba hAra mAhimA nidhi mahimA guru gAikara grahaNa maMDAra siMdha gAmala vama sonakA rAva deva bharatAra haMsa sarovari bina milamA pAvara jima vaparAya pasama napA zima sAniya bala muruma munUjAya deva miri ratiyA mavara boDI purabara sAra pAni mA bhAvikapamA jima pAya bhavaSAra

Page #409
racanA kI vastu meM maulikatA nahIM hai para kavi kI bhASA kA zabda cayana 14vIM zatAbdI kI jana bhAkA hai jisakI prakRti tatsamapana lie hai| saMbhavataH kavi ne yaha racanA natya ke sAtha khelane va gAne ke lie hI likhI hai| kavi ne apane mAnasa manthana dvArA isa ullasita umi kAvya se jana sAdhAraNa ko prabhAvita kiyA hai| vastutaH kRti koTI hote hue bhI mahatvapUrNa hai|

Page #410
376 zrI sthUlabhadra phAgu phAga vasanta ritu meM khele jAte hai, gAe jAte hai aura ullAsapUrNa jIvana kI ArahAdaka abhivyakti ke pratIka kAvya hai| kaI phAga rUpaka kAvya bhI kahe jAte hai| aneka vidvAnoM ne phAgu saMzaka kAvyoM kI aneka prakAra se paribhASAeM kI hai jina para pUrva pRSThoM meM prakAza DAlA jA cukA hai| madhu mahotsava sambandhI aise hI rUpaka phAga ? hamAre AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya meM bahuta bar3I saMkhyA maiM milate hai| jaina phAgoM ke zilpa aura jainaitara phAgoM ke zilpa meM bahuta antara hai unameM sevaka kAma zAnta rasa ke chalakate strota hai parantu aneka aise phAgu bhI hai jinakA varNaya-vidhya zraMgAra hI rahA hai| zrI jambU svAmI, zrI sthUlIbhadra Adi puruSoM para ra jitane phAgu mileMge, ve saba zrRMgArika racanAeM hI hoNgii| aisI sthiti meM ina carita nAyakoM para likhI ye samasta racanAeM apavAda hI kahI jaaeNgii| sAmAnyataH phAgu kA tAtparya rAsa ke masUNa rUpa se hai| isakA kAla madhu mahotsava yA vasanta ritu hotA hai aura isa kAvya rUpa meM geya-tatva nRtya, saMgIta, rupaka Adi sabhI upAdAna samanvita rahate haiN| zrI ke0vyAsa ne jainejara phAgoM aura jaina kArgo para bahuta hI bistAra ke prakAza DAlA hai| unhoMne bhI jaina phArmo ko vana pradhAna yA zrRMgAra rahita racanAye hI kahA hai parantu mai unakI pariyAkA meM nahIM jAne vAle apavAda hai| dri aura nAtha ke

Page #411
377 zrRMgArika ghaTanAoM se sambandhita hone evaM premAkhyAnaka vRtta hone ke kAraNa hI ina racanAoM kI pravRttiyAM aMgArika hai| sthUlibhadra phAgu aisI hI racanA hai| sthUlibhadra svayaM eka zrRMgArika nAyaka rahe hai aura kyoM ki unakI prAraMbhika pattiyAM zrRMgArika hai, ata: isa kAvya ko zrRMgArika kAvya hI kahA jAnA caahie| prastuta kASya ke adhikAMza avataraNa zrumArika hai| rUpa-varmana parva nasavisa vana meM ekaapUrva zrRMgArikatA, premAkhyAnakatA evaM camatkArikatA hai |avH sthUlibhadra kAya ko gArika racanA kahA jAsakatA hai| sarva prathama yaha rakA prAcIna gurjara kAvya meM prakAzita huI thii| aura aba isakA pAi DA. bhogIlAla sADesarA ne sampAdita kara diyA hai| unake sampAdana se pUrva unakA yaha pATha prAdhya vidyA mandira kI patrikA meM bhI chapa sakA thaa| DA. sADesarA me prastuta kRti ke pATha kA AdhAra balAta kA pATha evaM pATaNa maMDAra se prApta prati ke pATha ko rahA hai| svargIya zrI mohanalAla desAI ne bhI ane prastha jaina gurjara kaviyoM meM kRti kA nAma evaM Adi anta diyA hai| kRti ke ramAkAra zrI jinapadma sUri hai| jinapadmamUri kA paricaya aitihAsika jaina kAvya-saMgraha maMtrI nATA jI ne vistAra se diyA hai| pUri jI svetAmbara sampradAya ke gharabAramA / ko saMvA 1. ArAya-pada pitA aura * 140 taka inakA mAsAna mA sampana: isa kAra kI rakA saMvA re .... ke bIca pIkahIM shessii| pATana meM inhIM puri jI ko (vAsa pAsavati sarasvatI) kA bilya khiA / ' pratimA kA eka gArika banDa kAvya hai, jisI sthA nAsa kA pUrA caritamI milA usake jIvana sambandhI pUrva kAryo aura ma-vyApAroM kA Marat..zrI. bIdhAra.9 . prAcIna kI nIlAla sADesarA.prAcIna gurjara andhamAla...." - ziva revihAsika jaina kA 5. vahI grantha, bahI mahakI amara varatAta mATA- prAkA-DAmADesarA,..

Page #412
kavi varNana nahIM krtaa| isa kAvya vArA carita-nAyaka ke vyaktigata jIvana kI koI sUcanA hameM nahIM miltii| tatkAlIna sAhitya ke maya granthoM ke AdhAra para hI sthalibhadra kA caritra jAnA sakatA hai| vastutaH yaha bhI sambhava hai ki kavi ne isa prabhAvotpAvaka carita ko usakI amedhakSA ke lie hI janA ho| vilAsI aura pendriya lipsA meM DUbe hue isa caritra ko bhI sUri ne eka apUrva AdhyAtmikatA meM DhAlA hai, jisameM eka ujjavala saMdeza hai jo samasta mAnavatA kA netRtva karane meM sakSama hai| yaha bhI saMbhAvanA kI jAsakatI hai ki kavi ne saMvistatA ko hI abhivyakti kA mAdhyama junA ho| sthUlibhadra ke jIvana ke prathama tIna dazaka vilAsa pradhAna rahe the| nagara kI vArAMganA koza ke sAtha hI sthalibhadra lipta rahate the| ata: paramparA ke kAraNa kavi ne usakA ullekha isameM karanA ThIka nahIM samamA ho| yA kavi ne unakI jIvana kI samasta ghaTanAoM meM se isamahAna vicina, kaThina evaM asAdhya ghaTanA ko hI apane kAvya kI racanA ke lie cukA ho, jo unake jIvana kI asAdhAraNa eka mahAna evaM Adarza ghaTanA hai| vathA bhAga ___jahA taka prastuta kAvya ke carita-nAyaka kA prazna hai, vecana itihAsa ke eka mahatvapUrNa putra hai| unakA yakSa-varSana aneka kAvyoM meM bhA hai| ve svayaM eka bahuta hI pratimAzAlI sAdhaka jainAcArya the| jaina samAja meM ina apUrva bIyarAgI kI baDDI pratiSThA hai bathA jaina unake mA ko vIrSakoM kA parva babhara mAnI hai| kavi ne isI carita-nAyaka ko apanA vizva banA kara gabdha kI rekhAoM meM bAdhA hai| 27 kar3iyoM ke isa choTe se kAma ke kaSi me bhAvikAlIna kAvya-pravAha meM eka mavA adhyAya jor3A hai tathA varSana kI prasAdamabI lI use abhUtapUrva saphalatA milI hai| pATana ga rAmA kva ibihAra meM prasiddha huA hai aura usakA mantrI akTAra bhI pramila hai| bmita isI zakTAra ke jyeSTha putra the| pulisa kI riyo atyanta ubalatA pUrNa evaM bailAsika ho gii| prAraMbha hai kI samakA samparka pAtri kI eka bArImanA kozA se ho mabAbusliA vikAsa meM DUba ge| dina rAta usI ke yahA po ho / yoga hI unakA kArya thaa|

Page #413
vailAsika vAtAyanoM kI raMgI niyoM ke aizvarya ke atirikta unameM kucha bhI nahIM suhAtA thaa| rAga meM kartavya kA dhyAna hI unheM bhUla gayA / koza vaizyA ke yahA sthUlibhA ne isI taraha apane jIvana kA eka amUlya yuga pUrA kara diyaa| idhara zakTAra ne yaha samajha kara ki usakI mRtya to nizcita hai, usake bAda usakA sArA parivAra mI mArA jAegA, apane choTe lar3ake zrIyaka se jo sthUlibhadra kA anuja thA, kahA ki merI mRtyu ke kAraNa parivAra kI rakSA ho sakatI hai| jyoM hI meM sira ko nIcA kara I tuma kaha denA ki aisA rAjadrohI birodhI tathA asvAmI bhakta pitA mujhe nahIM caahie| huA bhI vhii| isake pazcAta mantrI-pada ke lie prazna aayaa| zrIyaka ne sthUlibhadra se khaa| sthUlibhadra ko jaba jJAta huA ki tuccha rAgyapada ke lie pitA kA 'vadha ho gayA hai aura mAI zrIyaka isake mUla meM thA, to unhoMne rAja-sabhA meM jAkAra * mayA Alocitambha kahane ke sAtha hI apane ke ukhAr3a ddaale| sthUlipa ko vairAgya ho gyaa| saMsAra se eka bama virakta hokara be cala pdd'e| AcArya saMbhUti vijaya ko unhoMne dIkSA guru banAyA unhIM ke pAsa tapa evaM adhyayana prArambha kiyaa| vidhivat dInA pAne se, samyak AcaraNa, sAdhanA evaM guru-prasAba se visAlI sthUlibhadra jinakI kAti kaMcaNa "jima bhalakati thI, aba karmaLa, tapasvI, yogI evaM jivendriya ho ge| prathama caturmAsa kA samaya AyA |sbne guru jI se apane caturmAsa vidyA ke sthAna puuche| sthalimaha me gulI ke usI kozA kA prAsAda bihAra ke lie maaNgaa| vivijaya ko unakI jijendriyatA para basa vizvAsa ho gayA thA, unhoMne mAjhA de dI aura se prasannatA me koza ke prAsAda ko mA bAhunAsika vikAra banAne ko bala the| bAloya kRti kI kathAvastu yahI se prArambha hotI hai / sthA kA sUtra spaSTa karane ke lie ukta pUrva kyAsAra ve kiyA gayA hai| liye bagala meM koga ke yahA praveza kiyA,kyoM ki caturmAsa vAkAla ko hI kahA jAtA hai| koza ne apane zrRMgAra ko carama para pahuMcAyA - dekhie pani kAmuprAcIna gurjara dhamAlA //

Page #414
hAva bhAvoM se aneka kalA-bAjiyAM dikhAI, para bitendriya sthUlibhadra to lauha ghaTa ho gayA thaa| koza hAra gaIM, puni kI cAritrika dRr3hatA ke samakSa usake mAre rAga-raMga hAva-bhAva aura aMgarAga malina par3a garI sthUlimana kI kAma para abhUtapUrva vijaya huii| ve cAra mAha taka usa ghora vailAsika bAtAvaraNa meM rahakara bhI usase asaMpRkta bane / rhe| anta meM koga ko prabodha dekara punaH guru ke pAsa cale aae| pAsa kepazcAta pattA ke saNa doDA meM milatI hai| jo bA kI samApti aura nae marga ke prAraMbha kI sUcanA dete hai| sAToM bhAsoM meM kavi ne kyA ke mAra citra die hai| jo usake vidAca zilpa-cAturva kI vamatA ke paricAyaka hai| bahakAvya aura gArika kAvyoM kI paraMparA ke anusAra kavi ne maMgalAvaraNa prArambha meM rakhA hai: pagAmiya pAsa jida para anu sarasaha samarevI dhUli maida puSivara bhASie kAgu bandhi guNakavi isase kavi kI phAgubandha zailI para bhI prakAra par3atA hai| phAgu bandhu zailI ke anusAra isameM kavi kA ekAgI dRSTikoSa nahIM rahA hai| isameM bhI eka viraha vidagdhA vArAMganA koza ko 11 varSa purA dekara priyatama sthalimA cale gae aura punaH mila ro, isa dhAraNA kA apUrva mukha kiyA jA para vAstavamAthi koza kA punarmilana nahIM ho pAyA mAna kI bI kiraNoM ko uttAnabA nahIM thI, i ho mAna aura kAma kA prakArAnAmikA usI vilAsI pAra I. sage svAda ho gayA hai ki vipralaya bhAra vAmAvaramA sinivAra do saphala nahIM ho pAyA, para nAyaka kI gAyikA nibhAva devavAoM kA puSpa vRSTi karanA aura sAmAnoM vArAnI gAne ne aura rNg| inakara Ananda manAne kI miyAnonitI kI racanA kI gaI hai|anupraas tathA phAgubandha lI isameM nahIM dizA kii| grAmi udAharaNa ..... - 4.dhAvImakAyahabhIDA. bhogiilaakoddekhraa.p.32||

Page #415
se racanAkAra ne kAma vijaya kI ghaTanA ke saphala nirvAha ke lie tathA zrAvakoM ke sollAsa gAne aura kIr3A karane hetu hI isa phAgu kI puSTi kI hai| kusuma iTiTha mara karaha budita cha jayajayakAro dhanu dhanu rAju thalibhaDda jiNi jI bhAro' bandau so siri dhUlida jo jagaha pahANI miliyau jiNi jagi mallasallara ibanlahamApo kharataragacchi jiNapadama sUrikiya phAgara mevara khelA nAca I caitramA ci raMgihi gAvevara / isakRti se AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhityakAroM kI kAvyAtmaka praur3hatA parilakSita hotI hai| aneka sthala kAvya-mAdhurya ke halakate rava-strota hai| kAvya kI anuprAsAtmikatA dhvaniyoM kI anukaraNAtmaka, alaMkAroM kI prAkRtika chaTA, kAvya kI nAdAtmakatA, mAdhurya aura prasAda kA svAbhAvika nirvAha bhASaNa meM asAdhAraNa pravAha abda kI komalakAnta padAvalI, rasAtmakatA prabhRti madhura-citramoM kA anUga samAveza hai| nahIM hokara varmA va se prArambha havA hai. isI kA bhI spaSTa to ekhI kRtiyAM basantu barSana ke atirikta bhI kisI bhAvA prArambha kI jA sakatI thI aura kAma pravartaka banya kI palidinI kAma meM pIsa rAgAtmakatA kyA barasatA kA samAveza kiyA thA. mayA / isare citra meM kavi ne koza kA rUpa ' vina kiyaa|m bisa kI vimA , pUrva kAma-sauSTava evaM rasAtmakatA kI parivAkSikA hai| bAyo mAvikA ke hAva-bhAboM, kaTAdhoM kA tathA mAsa kI ibA aura pIka sImoM kA citraNa hai, aura anta meM nAyaka kI kAma -

Page #416
381 vijy| ina dRzyoM kI kAvyAtmakatA tathA kalA sambandhI pravRttiyoM kA adhyayana yahI saMkSepa meM prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai| jinapadma sUri ne phAgu ke varSoM meM paraMparA ke nirvAha kA dhyAna rakhate hue bhI paryApta svatantratA kA upayoga kiyA hai| mAva aura kalApakSa donoM hI bar3e sabala bana par3e haiN| kavi ne sthUlibhadra kA varNana bhI kiyA haimAriyoM ke spa-citraNa meM bahudhA kavi samla hote hI hai para pula kA ma tathA cAritriyaka citraNa meM kavi ne abhUtapUrva camatkArikatA kI puSTi kI hai| eka udAharaNa dekhie: aha sohaga sundara svavantu gunamAvi manDAro kaMcana jima phalakanta katti saMjaya-siri hAro / kaMcana jima malakanta kanti aura phaijana siri hAro- do uktiyoM meM kI kitanI tIna abhivyakti hai, jisameM yauvana aura saMyama donoM kA eka hI sAtha paricaya diyA gayA hai| sarva prathama prakRti-varNana ko hI liijie| kavi ne varSa kA apUrva varNana kiyA hai| vI-varNama pUre tIna chandoM meM huA hai| abdoM kI aprAsAtmakatA, kAvya kI dhvanyAtmakatA, pAvasa kI pracanDatA, vipatiyoM kA garjana, pArAdharoM kA durAdharSa prakopa, ajastraSTi tathA virahinI koza kA prabaMpika imA-kizamI saharamA citrita kiyA gayA hai| rasAtmakatA aura gamavoM kI paramAtmA vaiviNa miramira miramiri ritiri pa hA parisI saDaka balahA ra vAlA bAzi bharAra bAra gharahara ra virahidi yamubaha kiraNI korA kA mana kara gyaa| meva kA mAra marDana jyoM-jyoM hotA thA, mana ko kAma ke bIca ra yo vA matiyoM kA mAnanda aura ketakI kA mauramita bhavanAma harAkara koza ko paalo| 1-pAna kA grA.zrI DA. sADesarA pu... .mI.

Page #417
mahura gambhIra sareNa peSa jima jima gAjate paMcabANa niyakusumabAga 'tima tima maate| jima jima ketaki mahamanta parimala vihasAvai 'tima tima kAmiya varaSa lagiga niyaramaNi manAvai / parimala kA vikIrNa hokara bisanA aura kAmI puruSoM kA apanI mAninI pattiyoM ke pairoM par3a par3a kara unakA mAna manAvana kitanI tIvra kalpanA hai| pAva kA saMvahana karane meM bhASaNa kitanI sakSama hai| prakRti kA kAthyAtmaka citraNa usakA prastuta, aprastuta donoM rUpoM kA mohaka evaM citrAtmaka varNana ullekhanIya hai: bIyata komala murahi vAya jima jima vAkye mApa paDaphphara mANaSiya vima tima nAcanhe jima jima jalapara bhariva meha gANi miliyA tima tima kAmItamA nayaNa mI rihi lahaliyA vidagRthA mAni niyoM kA Aveza mAna meM Akara nRtya karanA aura biraDipiyoM ke anupUrita nayana sabhI kitane ullekhanIya citra hai| viyoga-paba meM vI ritu kI sapasta sukhada vastu kI saMvedanA dene vAlI ho jAtI hai| zabdoM ke saraganakArI mAra meM jai pAvasa sAkAra ho rahI hai aura vahI mAvikAnoM kI birA-pIr3A kA sAdhAraNIkaraNa anubhava kara mADU bahA pI hai|maav vaDakara mAnaSi va bina sima mAbora meM kisanI sakaTa bAki hai| pAvasa meM inI devoM kI mAra maryabA aura vivatiyoM ke prakAra meM koza ke lie mAmA-hira kara lilA bA / / jhArakhorava para hI sthalimA cakita cisva parivArikAoM sammAna pAvoga kI prasannatA kA bhI kyA wie mm pana ra bhAna utsukatA meM vaha muni ke pAsa daur3I bAbI

Page #418
. muni kA tela dekhakara apane se hI usake hAtha Upara uTha jAte hai| karabadha koza kI vicitra sthiti ho jAtI hai| bAjali dekhakara muni use kahate hai."dhrmlaabh| maMdira toraNi AviyA muNivA piksevI bama kyi vittihi dAsaDiya begi jAi badhAvI vaisA atihi utAvali ya hArihi lahakatI AvIya muSivara rAyapAsi karayala joDatI / "dharma lAmA kaha kara muni usase vihAra ke lie citrazAlA mAgate hai| koza para ullAsa meM ina baDdoM kA kucha bhI asara nahIM hotaa| usane socA abhISTa mila gayA para use kyA patA ki vilAsa meM DUbe rahane vAle sthUlipadra aba jinendriya sthUlibhadra muni ho gae hai| mayUroM kI madhura dhvani meM aura meha kI paTTI meM kozA apanI sa-sudhA ke garva meM DUba jAtI hai| sata para padI par3a jAtA hai aura usa vItarAgI ko apane alaukika zrRMgAra aura nasa-risa kI sajAvaTa se skhalita karanA cAhatI hai. kavi ne usake yauvana-unmAda vyA saundarya suSamA ke aneka mundara citra khIce hai| nakha zikha varSana meM kavi zrI jinapadmasUri me apaza kI samasta kAvyAtmakatA evaM rasAtmakatA hI rela dI hai| koza kA bAka banyA bananA banegArika upAdAnoM aura akiranoM se apane zarIra ko babAmA ullekhanIya kavi kA gAvisa atyanta asAdhAraNa bama par3A hai| nAyikA kI gati , rakSakA aMgararAma curoM kI madhura dhvani, benI, rozAvaLI, yavasthA Adi sabako kavi ne anUThe upamAnoM aura gunbara utprevAnoM se saMpobA hai| abapiDa kAma meM milane para isa saMtikAla meM inakA prayoga homA niviDa mahatvapUrNa hai| mA vikAsa voha mana kATi. bAra ziraka mATi / 1. prAcIna kA grA. DA. sADesarA pu.|| prAcIna kAma pADesarA pu.||

Page #419
sauramita campA aura ketakI ke kusumita puSpoM se bharI huI kabarI aura mundara paridhAna sabhI saundarya mukmA meM yoga de rahe hai| baSaya ketaki gAi kusuma siri puMca bharei ati ATha sukamAla vIra bahira pi pahirei lahalaha lahalaha e uri motiya hArI ramaraNa rabaraSa ramaraNa e pagi mekara sArI magamaga magamaga jagamaga pa kA nihiM bara kuMDala malahala malaila malaila e bhAparaha maiDala / usakA kAmadeva ke bar3haga kI mAti deNImDa sarala tarata aura zyAmala romAkI daNDa ullekhanIya hai vikSasthala kI upamA bhI usa samaya kI .katiyoM meM ati nUtana hai| kalpanA aura upabhAnoM meM atiraMjamA nahIM hokara sarasatA evaM svAmA bikatA hai| tuMga payohara ullasaha siMgAra thabakkA kusumabA Ni niva abhiya kuMbha kira thApapi zuklA iMga payodharoM kI upamA zrRMgAra ke puSpa stakako athavA kAmadeva ke amRta kalavoM ke dekara kavi ne ukti vaivadha parva sundara prekSAoM kA paricaya diyA hai| koza ne aMgAra aura samayA ke bala para hI use aba senA baaraa| Age kAla, kSAsthala para para burI, kAmoM meM kAmadeva ke bolA kI mAvi mAnoM kI bamaka, kAmadeva ke vikAsa mantroM kI bAta usakI bApa, kAbabaramarita lAsa kI kAtinAmi, ka-gAvalya lina mAna, mana kI mAvi dara usake mapallava bhAva ko pahale mugara kI khioM para dhvani, mAta kI pAzi usake apara bi, bayA kI bhAvanAvalI, banI huI ratilIma kA sAkAra kA, salona mayana vyA aneka gamAvosa gugasampannA koza ke nAzita jabara mAra Tana bhApati gini siri saMthA kAI borAmA baDhi fee puna ra maiDala bodeDa bAbA //

Page #420
385 kannajayala jasu lahalahata kira mayAhiMDolA baicala capala taraMgacaMga jasu nayaNa kacolA sohai jAsu polapAli japu gAlima sUrA komala vimala muTha jAsu vAjaI saMbatUrA lavaNima rasa bhara kUvaDiya jA nAhie rehada mayana rAya kira vijayasaMbha usu aru sobai gayu naha pallaba kAmadeva aMkucha jima rAi rimajhipi rimajhimi e yAyakama li cApa riya suvAjai nabajovana vilasata beha navaneha mahillI parimala laharihi mayamavaMta raike li pahillI maharaviMba paravAla khaMDa baraSAvannI nayama balUgIya hAva bhAva bahuguNa saMpunnI' racanA meM abhinayAtmaka pravAha hai aura uttara pratyuttara jailI bhI parilakSita hotI hai| sthalipadra ke pAsa kozA aneka zrRMgArika ceSTAoM evaM hAva bhAva disAtI hai| lekina zani kA pasIjanA to dara rahA, koI prabhAva hI una para parilakSita nahIM hotaa| kAma unake sarIra kA sparva hI nahIM kara paayaa| koza kA mAra mAlima ho jAtA hai, hAva bhAva li ho jAte hai| rIsare sAhaba ko ekatrita kara apanI hAra ko siyAsI prema mi ko kAme kamI hai priyana) ina 'kine niphara ho||9 varSa sAtha rahakara isa barasa barda bana kara ke jer3a nAnA kyA upayukta hai| paka guma ke me ko lohane kA kyA kAla bAra bArita para ha kisI kAramasi ekA misa kara ki jisa lilAge ) bana kro| merA havaya to aba lauha paTa ho gyaa| aba isameM bhArI bAnI kI bAvA nahIM jA sktii|jinendriy meM durbalatA sii| "bI.

Page #421
386 thUlipada pabhaNei vesa ahadeSu na kIjaha lohi hi dhaDiyA hiyau mamma vaha vayaNi na bhIjai / lauhaghaTa hRdaya kI kAtA siddha karane meM kitanA sArthaka zabda hai| parI koza ke hRdaya para lohipaDiyA hiyA kA prabhAva usI prakAra nahIM par3A jaise usa para muni ke dharma gbda kA nahIM pdd'aa| usane phira apanI kAma bhAvanA ko muni ke sammukha rakhA, apanI vicchitti aura vAkcAturya se usane unheM jAnA cAhA, bhoga kA lAlaca diyA para muni to saMghamazrI ko apanA cuke the, usI ke sAtha ve ramana karate the| ataH koza ko unhoMne hAH hai koga) ne saMyamazrI se varaNa kara liyA, saMyamatrI ke mohaka hAthoM merA mana bika gyaa| aba maiM bhoga bhI usake hI sAtha karatA huuN| nArI ko avizvAsa ho gyaa| jaise usako saMyamatrI laukika strI mAtra jAna pdd'ii| nAriyoM ke manovijJAna ko sArthaka karatI huI vaha bolI:- puruSoM kA navIna striyoM ke prema meM phaMsa jAnA svAbhAvika hai| tabhI to Apane mujhe kyAga kara saMyamatrI ko apanA liyaa| bhAva yaha hai ki isameM ApakI kyA vizeSatA hai. siddhi aura mukti bho to striyAM hI hai varNana kitanA anUThA hai| kAvya meM abhinaya kA krama aura bIbratara hotA jAtA hai: yaha vitiya uvariyA aparAga gharIjA erI pAvasa kA ti pApIgaDa hai maath| suhAnA vargagala hai| saba ko chor3a mere sAtha mAnanya bhogo para skUlibhadra kA tatkAla pratyuttara u zithila banAdevA hai, kyoMki unake hAtha to cintAmaNi A gaI thI. aba use chor3a kara patthara kauna ina kregaa| saMgamazrI kI grIna hAtha kI parIra baSTivAtI laukika strI se tulanA kyA muNivA japA mesa zividha ravanI parivA ma tIna ra sirIhimoma ramevA - vahI vahI ch|

Page #422
387 ciMtAmaNi pariharavi avaNa patthara gihaNei tima saMjamasiri pariNaevi bahudhamma samuncala pA liMgai huDa kosa vA pasaraMta mahAbala para jIvana kI samasta sAdhanA se apane sampUrNa yovana kA ayaM car3hAne vAlI koza kA kAma taba mUJchita ho gayA, jaba muni kA ghora zIlavata evaM bArizyaka saMyama spaSTa hunaa| vItarAgI ko magadha karane vAlA aura apane dRr3ha nizcaya mehaTA kara vimohita karane vAlA aba tInoM lokoM meM koI nahIM thaa| mAra ke saba mohana, mAdana aura bazIkaraNa saba maMtra taMtra vyartha siddha ho ge| kAma kA parAbhava aura muni kI vijaya misvaMdeha zama kI zrRMgAra para vijaya thii| kozA ne yauvana kA lobha bitAyA, nArI hRdaya kI durbalatA ko bAra bAra sAmane raksA, para saMyama kI Ama meM vikAsa alasa gyaa| bhAma ke sphuliMga ur3ane lage aura kozA aura kAma donoM hataprabha evaM hatavarSa ho ge| kozaza kI sthiti ThIka aisI hI huI jaisI mahAtmA budha ko zrRMgAra evaM sajjA se rijhA lene kA abhimAna karake AI huI vaizAlI kI prasiddha vArAMganA AmrapAlI kI huI thii| sthUlibhadra aTala rahe aura anta meM vaha unake caraNoM para gira pdd'ii| muni ne use prabodha diyA: pahilA hivaDA kora kahA jumbApa kA lIjA bhAri saMsasiririka jIvA api bolA ki maha miti ho bakA bhavapAle jomA mobA mArI hAra gii| kAma bAko ke hAva-bhAvoM aura AyAtmaka ravinA kA abhinaya samAna ho gyaa| usa payoM se kAya kA geya smaka kahalAtA jAnA biipa hovA pIvi talwar hai aura utkRSTa abhinaya ke sabhI gupa vinAma hai| mA vi sa vinimna cioM ivArA spaSTa hotA hai| balakArI ga svAbhAvika mivAra kAvya ke kalAtmaka-patha ko apUrva nivAra bevAsI goviya kI hI mAsi isa kRti meM sarasatA, madhuratA aura komalAla padAvaLIthA makAroM kA sarmika varNana hai| manasA aura uttavAnoM kI ho /

Page #423
388 ghaTA hI umar3I AtI hai|pk mI bar3e mArmika hai| isake atirikta sundara upamAe dRSTAnta, udAharaNa, vIpsA ,athAntaranyAsa, varNanagama, ullekha Adi aneka alaMkAra hai| kucha udAharaNa dekhie: (ka) phira piri miri miri miramiri e mehA barisaMti khalahala khalahala khalahala e vAhalA vahati rimajhima rimamimi e pAyakammali dhAdhari. anuprasAoM ke atirikta upamA, rUpaka aura utprevAoM kI madhuratA bhI ullekhanIya (sa) jasu vaha pallava kAmadeva aMkusa jima rAjA (ga) mayaNa khagga jima, lahalahaMta jasu veNI daMDo saralA taralau sAmalA romAvali vaMDo (gha)tuMga payohara ullasai siMgAra dhabakkA kusumavANi niya amiya kuMbha kira thApaNi mukkA (30) kamna jayala jasu lahalahaMta kira mayaNa hiMDolA (ca) sohai jADa kapola pAli jA gAlimasUrA (8) mahara biMba gharavAla maMDa bara baMdhAmI sImala komala pUrI bAba jina jima vAda bhAva maDakara mAnaSi va bina vima nAcate aura bhI anya udAharaNa ullekhanIya hai, jinameM svAbhAvokti aura vAstanivAsa hi mahatvapUrNa hai: (ka) umasamarasabhara parivA rimirAra bhai vidyAmaNi pahiravi kA patthara mihaha jina madhiri parivapi bahudhamma samujjala mAlinA muha kosa va pasaraMta mahAbala 1 - vahI . 4 pada 9, bApA kaviyoH ke0kAmazAstrI kA slIpara ghara vishlm|

Page #424
() lohihi paDiyA hiyA, mamma muha bayaNi na bhIjaha () kamma jayala jasu kahalAIna kira mayaNa hiMDolA caMcala capala taraMga caMgu jasu nayaNa kacotA (Ta) sohA jAsu kapola pAli jamu gAlima-pUrA (8) mehArava bhara ulaTiba jima jima nAcai mora tima tima mANipi salamalA mAhItA jibha cora / isa prakAra ye alaMkAra, kAvya meM eka apUrva nAda kI puSTi karane meM yoga sthitiyoM para bhI prakAra DAlatI hai|raajnaitik pRSTabhUmi meM carita nAyaka ke pitA sakTAra kA vadha, rAjakIya aprasannatA, vidroha Adi A jAte hai aura badgata saMkrAtikAlIna sthiti kA eka citra spaSTa hotA hai| dhArmika avasthA bhI spaSTa hotI hai ki usa samaya bhI muniyoM kA saMyamatrI se vivAha hotA thaa| riSiyoM kI mAra para vijaya, adhAlu bhaktoM kI dharma-pravaNatA tathA muniyoM dvArA janasAdhAraNa ko zAnti tathA AdhyAtmika saMdeza aura rAjakIya khaTapaToM meM bhI dharma prAmadhArA ke rUpa meM ajastra prahamAna thaa| jahA taka sAmAjika rIti rivAjoM athA sthitiyoM kA prazna hai, vaha bhI isase spaSTa ho ki rAjagharAne ke bAvakoM meM kisa para vikAsa para kara mayA yA vArasparika IvI-deva aura rAjya simmA kA pAra mAtva pANyA prathA bhArataba bhI pracalita dhImI kehavarAma zAstrI ne bhI isake vikAsakA liA / ' phAgu aura rAma ne kI prathA bhI vidyamAna thI, aura homa si prakAra kAma honRtya aura rAba, garabA, para mAdi ka miyoM ke mAcaraNa aura caturmAsa kI vidhi kI spaSTa hogIcA pAlikA devamAya tathA anya kisI prakAra kA mAmI bAra kisI bhI sthAna para apanA caturmAsa kara sakI hai| pAlI aura vaizyA donoM pradhAnoM kI samyak vyavasthA kA bhI varSama milanA - - - - - - yA dizazatI sImA para viksi|

Page #425
hai| inhIM saba mUla pravRtiyoM ke AdhAra para prastuta racanA kA mUlyAMkana kiyA jA sakatA hai| jahI taka sthUlibhadra phAgu ke rasa kA prazna hai, yaha bahuta hI spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki kRti meM kavi ne pramukha kama se zrRMgAra kA varNana kiyA hai aura yaha saba bhI hai ki zrRMgAra apanI sampUrNa sajA ke sAtha apane sthAyImAva sahita nimpanna hotA hai| parantu zrRMgAra ke isa kor3a meM vIra aura nida bhI balane hue parilakSita hote hai| mAra aura sthUlibhadra kA saMyamayudha avazya hI vIra rasa kA vAtAvaraNa prastuta karatA hai| lauhapATa kA mA hRdaya rakhane vAle usa bIra ne kAmadeva vA rativallama ke, jo saMsAra ke bar3e bar3e vIroM ke hRdaya meM tIkSma ra kI bhAti cupane vAlA thA, mada ko burI taraha bidIpaM kara ddaalaa| usakA kAmaratha batazava khanDoM meM cUra hokara dharAzAyI ho gyaa| saMyamatrI-hAra sthalibhadra kI isI saMvama pUrNa vIratA meM vIra rasa nimpanna hotA haiaura anta meM sthUlipa isa samarAgaNa meM kisa prakAra apanI dhyAna yA saMyamarUpI teja tIkSNa talavAra se apane pratidvandI ko vimaSTa kara detA hai. utsAha kI vyaMjanA desipa bai bAvantu ma moDarAupini mAthi miyA Dira phAra maDANiva mayanamA samaraMgavi pATila kusuma buDhi pura karai pu jAkAro dhanudhana pAililAba piSi bIba mAro mamba bodhiri dhUli bhaiva vo mAha pahAyo pani vivi mi ma srsaamaano| paramAra aura bIra donoM rasoM kA bamama ta meM kavi ne niveda meM kara diyA hai| koNA ko prayoga kara, kAma viyava kara, muni punaH vairAgya meM usI patha para cala ko bAra apane guru ke pAsa vijayIvIra kI bhAti prAya hote hai| LLLL -- 1- prAcIna kAnusAiH DA. bAbarA.

Page #426
311 ataH samasta zrRMgAra parva vIra zAnta rasa ke gAbhIrya meM samA jAtA hai| yauvana ke ucchRMkhalita balabala khalabala bahane vAle "vADhale" (barasAtI nAle) zama ke kaThina kAroM meM bAMdha die jAte haiM, jisameM yauvana ke madhura rasa kA sthAna saMyama kI agrina le letI hai| ataH kRti kI antima pariNati nivedayAzrama meM hI hotI hai| zrI akSayacanda zarmA likhate haiM ki -kAmu ke prAraMbha meM kavi ne zrRMgAra rasa kA utkarSa dikhAyA hai| kor3A kI vilAsa ceSTAoM ke varNana meM kavi kahIM bhI kunThita nahIM hotaa| yahI yaha mAlUma nahIM hotA ki racanA kisI jainAcArya kI hai| yadi kavi isa varNana ko itanI sanmayatA ke sAtha upasthita nahIM karatA to sthUlipa kI mAra - vijaya prabhAvahIna ho jAtI / sthUlabhadra ne eka bacce yodhA kI taraha kAmadeva ko dhyAna kI talavAra se pachAr3a diyaa|--- bahI vIra rasa bhI phalaka uThA hai / kavi zrRMgAra kA samyaka rUpa se udreka karane meM kRtakArya huA hai| para sthUtimadra kI dhAnya gambhIra mudrA ke dvArA isa kAvya kI carama pariNati zAnta rasa meM huI hai| vIra rasa aura zAnta rasa kA yaha milana, jisakI vaha maiM zrRMgAra rasa mUrhita par3A hai, isa kAvya meM anUThepana ke sAtha saMpanna huA hai / " 1 kaMdoM ke kSetra meM isa kRti kA bahuta mahatvapUrNa sthAna nahIM hai, kyoMki jo mI m kavi ne prayukta kie hai, ye saba pUrva varNita hai| kavi ne sAta mA maiM boDA aura rolA kA hI prayoga kiyA hai| pratyeka mAsa ke pUrva bohA milatA hai aura phira krama tIna rotaa| vaha De bAsa meM aisA nahIM hIma rokA nahIM hokara dohe ke pazcA kevala do hI rotA hai| gAyoM kI para do meM vibhAjana yA kathA-samAti kA paricAyaka samajhA jA sAta aura mA tathA dohA ke se pA sakate hai| sakatA hai yA rotA ke lie lie 9, 13, 10 jAdi 71 * isa kRti meM mahatvapUrNa parivartana dekhe jA sakate hai| a madoM kA prayoga spaSTa parilavita hotA paravatI sma hAtha naya naya art patrikA varSa 59 aMka saM0 2010 33 vargara imArA hidi viriti pada kA eka

Page #427
312 hai | sthAna sthAna para prAcIna rAjasthAnI yA gujarAtI kA prabhAva sarvatra dikhAI par3atA hai| isa zatAbdI kI bhASA ko dekhate hue yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki lokamAyA se milI julI, prAcIna rAjasthAnI, paravartI apabhraMza tathA jUnI gujarAtI ke zabdoM Adi se prabhAvita eka aisI bhASA kA vimANa hotA jA rahA thA, jise hama vibudha rUpa maiM na rAjasthAnI hI kaha sakate haiM, aura na jUnI gujarAtI yA uttara apabhraMza | usakA svarUpa hindI kI ora bar3hatA calA jA rahA thaa| zabdoM kI badalatI sthiti aura unakI tatsama rUpa grahaNa karane kI pravRtti atyanta adhika prabala hotI jA rahI thI, sAtha hI nae prayogoM kI bhI kamI nahIM thI / videzI zabdoM kA prayoga bhI, bhASA ko lokapriya evaM jana sAdhAraNa ke lie atyanta bodhagamya banAne ke lie hI tatkAlIna jaina kavi racanAeM nirmita karate jA rahe the, kyoMki unheM mAnavatA aura dharma pracAra kA upadeza parva jIvanta sandeza saba ko denA thA | ataH phAgu kI bhASA meM atyanta adhika saralatA hai| zabdoM meM kliSTatA kahIM nahIM milegii| purAnI hindI yA sarala hindI kA svama nirmita karane ke atirikta kavi ne uttara-ayamaMtra, prAcIna rAjasthAnI yA purAnI gujarAtI kAmI prayoga kiyA hai| prayoga meM navInatA, usakI badalatI sthiti kI sUcaka hai| isa prakAra isa kRti meM hameM kalA aura bhAva donoM meM maulikatA ke darzana hote hai| zrRMgArika kAvyoM kI paramparA meM isa kAvya kA viziSTa sthAna hai| yaha AkhyAna premAsthAna hai| jaina sAhitya meM zrRMgAra aura biraha tathA nAyaka ke prati nAvikA kA prema citrita karane vAlA yaha prathama AvikAlIna hindI jaina phAgu hai| isa kRti meM kavi ne kAvya-namaskAra ke atirikta jIvana ko eka mahAna saMdeza diyA hai| saMsAra naramara hai, vikAsa manuSya kI AdhyAtmika pragati meM bAdhaka hai| jIvana meM saMyama kI niSThA tathA niyamita jIvana hI asAdhAraNa mahatva ke hote hai, kAma rakha rahane vAlA vyakti mI nirmala hRdaya tathA vairAzya kA ThIka ho sakatA hai| jIvana kI savAmI pragati ke lie zArIrika, mAnasika

Page #428
3:3 aura mautika pragati ke sAtha sAthazAnti prApta karane ke lie AdhyAtmika pragati kA bhI mAnava-jIvana meM apUrva mahatva hai, Adi aneka saMdeza isa choTe se pramAkhyAnaka yA zrRMgAra pradhAna kAvya se milate hai| jinapadUmasUri kA yaha kAvya nissaMdeha AdikAlIna hindI jaina kRtiyoM kA utkRSTa zrRMgAra hai| kavi ne sarvatra jIvana ke prati svastha dRSTikoNa rakhA hai aura zrRMgAra-varNana meM kahIM mI zithilatA nahIM Ane dI hai| kRti kA hareka pahalU sabala evaM sUkSma hai / anta taka isa kRti kI upadezAtmakatA vyakta hotI hai| carita nAyaka kozA ko satarka ho jAne ke lie prabodha karatA rahA / niSkarSataH phAgu racanAeM hamArI prAcIna sAMskRtika dhArA ko bhI pravAhamAna banAne meM mahatvapUrNa yoga detI hai tathA samAja ke harSAllAsa ko abhivyakti dene kA mAdhyama hai|

Page #429
naiminAtha phAgu' (anucara) 14vIM zatAbdI ke uttarAIdha meM kavi samudhara kurva naiminAtha phAgu kAvya aura milatA hai| kAvya yadyapi aprasiddha hai| isa kAvya kI eka prati pATaNa meM muni jina vijaya jI ko milI hai| isa kRti kA zrI paM. ramaNIka vijaya kI eka saMgraha pothI ke anta meM OEM se mAla hone kA ullekha milatA hai| kRti kI eka prati zrI agaracanda nAhaTA kI saMgraha pothI meM bhI surakSita hai| zrI dezAI ne bhI isakA saMketa kiyA hai| neminAtha ke isI kRta ne aneka kaviyoM kA mana AkarSita kyiA hai vividha rUpoM meM aneka kAvya yathA pAlhaNa kA saM0 120 kA bhAvurAma, vinayacaMdra (saM0 1325 meM viracita naimimAtha catuSpAdikA tathA 15vIM zatAbdI ke rAjasarasUri tathA jayazekhara sUri nAmaka prasiddha jaina kaviyoM ne neminAtha para kA likhe hai jina para Age vicAra kiyA jaaygaa| isI taraha mANikya sambara mUri kA naimizvara carita phAga baMdha (saM0 14.) tyA ratna manDala gAmi viracia(01500) neminAtha babarasa phAgu aura nArI nirAsa phAgu mahatvapUrNa kRtiyAM hai| prastuta neminAtha phAya kAvya meM kavi prArambha meM tamAma kA ullekha karatA hai| ivArakA ke yAdavo kA raivataka parvata ke sahastra-Amajana meM basamva vihAra ke lie jAnA, bana meM banarApi kI amA, mAdaba liyoM kI uslAmiyI krIDA mayUra kojala kA madhura rava aura usa para pramaroM kA vAra, aura paisI sthiti meM na kA bArI bAvana aura mAra gopiyoM ke sAtha nRtya, isake pazcAta memi aura kRSNa kA cALIr3A ko jAnA aura vahI kRSNa kI rAmiyoM kA memi ko vivAziSa banAvana, kA vivAdevI, sAmanI aura satyapAmA Adi saba ne 1- prAcIna kA bahA gaDesarA, pra. 8.r bahI prastAvabA . - pradhAna-poSI 49 pA 295-90 / 4. na mura kaviyoH mohanalAla vaivAI bhAga 1.4

Page #430
milakara unheM dUlhA banane ko bAdhya kara diyaa| barAta dhUma dhAma se car3hI para patuoM ke karama kandana ne neminAtha ko vivAha se parAMgamukha kara diyA, ve giranAra para jAkara dIvita ho ge| kAvya kA kathAsAra yahIM samApta ho jAtA hai| kAvya kI pASA atyanta sarala hai| 28 kar3I kA yaha pUrA kAvya dohA chaMda meM likhA gayA hai| kAya kA baMdha purAne Arambha kAlIna kAvyoM kI bhAti sarata hai|ihe maisAmAnyataH AvaraprAsa yA Atara yamaka sAmanyataH nahIM hai parantu haraeka paMkti ke prArambha meM maMda paribhASa se vizeSa are zabda AtA hai dUsarI pakti meM ahe zabda bhI milatA hai| jo spaSTa hai ki isakI geyatA kA sUcaka hai / kaI phAgoM meM varNita phAgu nAmaka dahA vizeSa ke caravAIdha ke anta meM Ane vAlI bamaka yojanA isameM nahIM miltii| vastutaH chaMda sAdA hone sakAvya meM pravAha bIra bega kA unmeSa karatA hai go vana vihAra karane vAle nara nAriyoM kA utsAha va rAsa kA uddezyamUcita karate hai| kRti ke kucha kAvyAtmaka sthala ullekhanIya hai:- kavi kA sahastrApravana kA prAkRtika varNana dekhieH ke bamu jyaDara raliyAvau anu bihasiya vaparAya jI vAlA begra bidhirI ketakI sahi jAe are pAula maMcara pArakhI camar3a ko sevanI kara piya pAri maha hai kA baiMDa bholi pAI jogAyA, mori bhAra bAta bhI amarA ramana sakAi kiIi kimmari mAvi bohari risa pani AphnA bAbalDI baati| ko vimA pababAhi goli bola sahA nAti prAcIna kA DA. DisarA, prastAvanA -bhAga pR. 10-11 // dera barapAka mA cAra kAya kAvyoH zrI ke0bI. pAsa phAyA mujarAtI dhamAkA 58 - deviSa- bahI .16-01 4.15

Page #431
396 kRSNa kI striyoM dvArA jala krIr3A meM naiminAtha ko vivAha ke lie upAlaMbha va kaTu zabdoM kA varNana kaTAkSa va rAjula kA rUpa varNana Adi sthaloM kA varNana mI paryApta sarala va sarasa bhASA meM hai: ahe pANumatI anurUpaviNi satyamAmA pabhaNei ahe nIraso nITharo nemi jiSu pANiggahaNu na koi ahe kula kesa mRganayaNi rA mAMga bharavi siMdUra baDe nayaNa kaDave Ainai mili savi sAmala vIra ahe karahi karahi ahamada ke kaise tANaM di ahe kArDa nemi naryusako eka ramaNI na karatI a sabhAmA ima bolae morima basnu kAha ahe rUSi raMbhA sAmI toliyai avara mahIala nAhi ahe haMsa gamaNa mRga loyaNI baMda bayaNa sajavAla ahe ghUmaha viNu nahu pAmiyai ugraseni sukamAla ahe sAbasalakhana rAjala rUpi nahIM anunAri ahe ke sAvaratIya brahamA ke gavarI tivarAri --- pAbhigrahaNa ke samaya naimi kA rUpa aura pazuoM ke kaNa kraMdana ke samaya usakIkA sma sthiti ke sthala bhI ullekhanIya hai| vanoM kI anuprAsAtmakatA aura pravAha viveka iSTavya hai: ahe ke i IDa ke caMdu ke hara aru mAna a ff visesa avi divi tama naMdAna bar3e bAla mabakse rAina jovara priya bhAvaMDa ar3e rahanAra gaThiyA meMmitoranivegi pata ma bAviya trAvaka DAka mUka balki nIsAne pATha maramara melinA bAjana rAja

Page #432
bahe cavala maMgala diyaI gopiya vadiya jayajayakAra he vipra vedaNi (suNiya) tahi, pati nemikumAra ahe kuraMgIe dIu nayabhule karUna palAva koi ahe pANigraha tuha sAmiya patA jIva vA hoya he vigu piNa iyara paripakA bai jIva hAla ahe pAya melDi raha vAliyA baliyau naimikumAra isa prakAra samudhara kI isa kRti meM viSaya vastu kI iSTi se maulikatA na hote hue bhI phAgu kAvya ke zilpa, kavitva, geyatA, va kAvya moSThava evaM pravAha ullekhanIya hai| bhASA meM paryApta marahatA hai| dohA chaMda se kAra meM aura adhika pravAha A gayA hai isa prakAra vIM batAbdI kI phAgu racanAoM para vicAra karate samaya hama isa niSkarSa para pahuMcate hai ki saM0 19. meM kavi zrI jinapaDmasUri viracita sthalibhadra kAgu kI sabase mahatvapUrNa tathA kAvyAtmaka kati hai| libhadra phAgu ke atirikta 14vIM sAbdI meM jo bhI kRtiyAM milatI hai ve sAdhAraNa hI hai| 15vIM bAbdI ke phAgu paraMparA meM kucha mahatvapUrNa kRtiyAM milatI hai jinapara ma Age ke paDoM meM prakAza ddaameN|

Page #433
15vIM zatAbdI phAga 0000000000000 :: neminAtha phAgaH:' (rAjasara) 15vIM zabAbdI meM phAgu kRtiyoM ke viSaya, udezya, aura zilpa meM parivartana hue| bhASA adhika saMyata huii| bhAva vyavasthita hue| kAvya meM pravAha aura saralatA sarvatra dikhAI par3atI hai| itanA saba kucha hote hue adhikAra kRtiyAM neminAtha ke jIvana para hI upalabdha hotI hai| bividha kaviyoM ne vividha nAmoM se neminAtha ke asAdhAraNa caritra kA ullekha kiyA hai| isara kRtriyoM meM prayottama paMcapaMDaba phAgu, sthalimA phAgu, rAvapi pArzvanAtha kA vIrApallI pArzvanAtha phAya devaratna mari phAgu va basata phAgu Adi kRtiyA vividha viSayaka milatI hai jinapara hama saMvedha mai vivecana prastuta kreN| prastuta kRti kAvya kI baSTi se atyanta mahatvapUrNa hai| ina kRSi kI kAvya mubamA biskula vaisI hI hai bainI jinapaDmasUri ke sthalibhadra phAgu kii| yahAM taka ki donoM kRtiyoM kI kar3iyA bhI 27 hai| varNana kI paddhati kAvya kI mubamA, bhASA kI saralatA, anuprAsAtmakatA, chaMdoM kA sAmya, zabda cakana kI masUpatA mAvi saba iSTiyoM meM prastuta kAma sthatimA kA milatA juThalA hai| isase yaha kayA jAsakatA hai ki kavi prastuba rAba kI zrI rAkharapUri meM avazya hI isa kilA rAba ko yA me yA usI sAlI mI bAdhi kRSi kA parivIla kiyA ho, mA kapi rAyara avazya hI sAre viI pIsa pIcca prabhAvita hue ho| rAbora irimeha ebamA sAranI ge sandhi meM likhI gaI hai| rAbara kA bandha koSa samiti kadha, watka nArI pradhAna gaDhava prabandha, THE I Mr kI yAyAvatI para paMjikA nAma kI TIkA pI mitavI zrI sAIsIkA bA vinoda kathA saMgraha kA ullekha kiyA ga. gasarA ne mAmA-kalikA, syAvAva-dIpikA, ratnAvatArikA mAgIya bhAga. gokharAmAcIna purvara kAma kA bhI 10mAlA kariyo kI darAra kAvIra strI ...mara katikoH zrI mohamahAla bIba khAI mAMgA

Page #434
paMjikA tathA 108 lokoM meM vividha darzana yukta saMskRta grantha, SaDdarzana Adi pranthoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| prastuta kRti kA kAla saM0 1405 hai| zrI ke0kA zAstrI ne isa saM0 1194 me 1405 ke bIca meM mAnA hai|' kavi rAjazakhara ne isa choTe se kAvya ko rolA chaMdoM meM likhA hai bilI prasAda guNa sampanna tathA mAlakArika hai| kavi kI unnebAra preSaNIya hai| kavi bahuka the| unakI vidvatA aneka dezIya thii| paramparA ke kAraNa kavi ne basaMDa kA varNana bhI kiyA hai| kavi nai nemi ko itanA parAmazAlI dikhAyA hai ki baMdara jisa prakAra zakSA se dhUla jAtA hai kuna bhI unakI bhujA meM vaise hI laTaka ge| rAniyoM ne milakara unako vivAha ke lie bAdhya kiyaa| ve, hari, halaghara saba barmata khelane lge| neminAtha se mAu bhavoM kA neha nibhAne vAlI prasana kI mutA rAjula ke nasazina varSana meM paryApta kauvA dikhAyA hai| upamAoM, ruphakoM aura utprekSAoM kA eka vicitra saMbhAra hai| kavi kA pravAha, Agika upAdAnoM ke sAtha prakRti ke tatvoM kA mela, varSana kI saralatA aura zrRMgAriktA ullekhanIya hai: jaha sAmala komala keza pAva kiri mora kalAu baha dasa mAha mayana yoga bhaDanAu baMkuTiyAlIbaIDa nigari vana banAya kArI hovana sA ra nagada pAna kArI (ba) rAzu ke bamoM kI guphA mila aba bIvana mAra varmana, marasa gharata yuvA basAriyA, naIma poSara, bilI bama, gaMgA palina kI pAdhi komala vimA misaba bibAdi va apamAnoM kI gumA dekhie: kArabAsi simolamola phuTatA mArA mamAmi dyA mAra babAla II rAgaloDara bhAbhI saha bAiko TaDakaDatA t-pAcImA DA.bogIkA DerA prastAvanA mAma.. bApaNI kamiyo,zrIkA. zAstrI

Page #435
400 sarala tarala ya vallariya sihaNa pINa ghaNatuMga udara dekhi laMkA DalIya sohai tibala iraMyu aha komala vimala niyaMba kiri gaMgA puliyA kari kara Uri hariNa jaMgha pallava kara caramA malapati cAruti vela hIya ha~salA harAvai saMkA rAga kAhi bAlu naha kiraNi karAvai saha jihi lahaDIya rAyamara lakSaNa mukmalA ghaNau ghamerala gaha gahae nava juLavaNa bAlA afa vara kA ghor3e para prayANa, gavArthoM meM baiThakara nAriyoM kA bArAta kA likhanA vara Upara se lUma (nakka) utAranA Adi prAcIna sAmAjika prathAoM kI ora saMketa karatA hai| rUpa ke sAkAra ma neminAtha ko tathA zrRMgAra kI huI dulahina rAjamatI donoM ke varNana do spaSTa citra khIMca dete haiN| nemi ke rUpa varmana meM bhASA kI saralatA tathA alaMkArikatA kRti ko mahatvapUrNa banA detI hai| donoM citra isa prakAra hai: aha se tarala tarai rairahi baDai kumArI kannihiM kuMDala bIti maDa gati navasara hAro baMdaNi mahi baMda cavaLa kApaDi simagAro mAIza maravi kucha adhikAro gharahi tu vinavara cAmanavamI udArahiM narabahinI dari banI caTTa pari bahasa bAra keDi jAna bhUSAlA hama-gama-raha pAyaka cakkIka mAlA navavadhU kA bhAra karane meM kArya kI panI ma ramI hai| varNana kAvya prauDhatva kA ika hai kima kina rAjaladevi bha gorI maha ghora maMgada

Page #436
iMpa parAviDa jAi kusuma kasarI sArI sImatA siMdUra reha motI sari sAri naba raMgi kRmi tila kyi rayapi tilA sata bhAle motI kuMDala kamnithiya viboliya karajAle mA niratIya kajjala reha nayANi muMha kamati saMbolI nagodara kaMThalaDa kaiThi anuhAra virolo maragada bAhara kaMcayA phuDa phullaha mAlA kari kaMkaNa maNi balaya cUDa salakAvai bAlA rolA chaica meM kavi ne yaha vipralaMbha kAvya likhA hai jisako tIna tIna kar3iyoM ke AdhAra para sAta chaMdoM meM bATA jA sakatA hai| kAvya nidAna hai| prAraMbha meM to kavi zrRMgArika rahA hai parantu anta meM sArA dRSya hI parivartita ho jAtA hai| naminAtha kI virakti para kavi rAjala kI sthiti, usakA dharatI para pachAr3a nA bA kara giranA, aura usakI samAjanaka sthiti ko kavi ne anurapanAtmaka tathA dhvanyAtmaka zabdoM meM varNita kiyA hai: saya esa e e kaDi parivAti rimikimi rimitI nikiti ra paya nagara ubhaLI mAhi mAla balagala vimisi zaDiyAlI rAyamae piu bobA mama ravi bhariNa dhasakA paDA vi rAvata vivAla romA rinyA bekhamA mammA nika jIva mAyA ki paramAgai pAlai vimA isyo ma mariha bAda

Page #437
402 naimi na mannai ne deha svacchara dAI Ujala giri saMjama liyau iya kevala nA --- --- dayakari dayakari deva tumha irDa atha dAsI zrI kezavarAma kAzIrAma zAstrI ne kavi kI bhASA kI pRSTha bhUmi ke pramANa meM kucha udAharaNa die hai ye udAharaNa pabandha koSa meM se hai: uvayAraha uvayArau sablou kares avagumi kiyai ju guNa karai viralA jaNaNI japei ----- chAyA kAravi siri dhariya pabcavi bhUmi pati patvaI huI pattattaNarSa taka para kAI kareM ti * kumarapAla | manaciMta kari citiI kipi na hoi jipi tu rajju sammati ciMta kare sai soi ukta uddharaNI kavi kI bhASA para prAkRta prabhAva spaSTa hai| kyoMki prastuta kRti saMkrAtikAlIna hai isameM udUbhava aura tatsama zabda aneka hai| kavi kI makA para prAcIna rAjasthAnI yA bUmI gujarAtI kA prabhAva hai| sAtha hI jana gAyA hone se usameM saralatA aura bodhamamyatA hai| alaMkAroM kI dRSTi semI kRti kA kauvala yuSTavya hai| ukta uDucaraNoM meM paktiyoM kI pariyAM hI tatsama zabdoM meM libI gaI hai| * alaMkAroM meM vivekakara upanA, upaka, anuzAda, yamaka, udAharaNa varNana apati Adi pramukha hai| rAjasthAnI saMtAnoM aura kriyAyoM meM hiDolika salaga lADI Tahala koraDI va pIra cha Adi hai| aneka tatsama zabdoM ke kaI maudhika prakoSa hai- bALA, kAjala, jyora, niraDaI, chaM, bahirani sweet, nava bIs, bAvaDI, moDaNI, pahiriNI, bar3I, TaDaLa, malapati, are site mAha, kevaDiyAsa, bAdi

Page #438
403 = neminAtha phAga (prathama) = naiminAtha phAga (dvitIya) = --::::-- (jaya siMha sUri ) kRSNa varSIya jayasiMhasUri kRta do kI neminAtha ke jIvana para upalabdha hote hai| kRSNa varSIya eka jaina gaccha kA nAma thaa| DA0 sADesarA ne ina phAga kA saMpAdana bar3audA ke jJAna maMdira kI pratiyoM ke AdhAra para kiyA hai| ye phAgu pothI naM0 4677 se, jisamaikula ATha hI patre (248-55) hai, lipibadudha kie gae hai| A jahAM taka ina donoM phArmoM ke kathA sUtra kA sambandha haiM, donoM meM paryApta sAmya hai| mASA bhAva upamAoM tathA paraMparAgata varNanoM meM bhI paryApta sAmya hai parantu chaMda va kAvya pravAha meM donoM kA svataMtra mahatva hai| donoM phArgoM ke tulanAtmaka kucha kAvyAtmaka sthala aMgrA kita hai:narsa varNana (prathama phAga ) vana saha maMDana aha pahUtu riturAja vasaMtu caMpaka baiDala vala kamala parimala vilasaMtA koyala kalikha kara hi jApU vAjar3a vara vIma mannAvas priya pAya ti tasmI ahi dIva mamai bhagara mahuvAna bharata kaMkAra karatA ritu rAyaha kiri paTTa thaTTa ra kiti paDhA varta after malahavAra dasIditi pUraMgo arraft arfafe mana mA arfer vara sahakAra sAMhiMDolA ni pUraMto fit vijana sarira mAI bolA mAnava kA raMga iksiya virahini najaNa mI nIkaraNa karate 1- prAcIna kAmu saMgraha- DA0 sADesarA 0 8-21 /

Page #439
404 isI taraha dvitIya phAgu kA bhI vartata varNana dekhA jA sakatA hai: aft vani kusumi hi vahabas vana sahaga prati pepivi birahini caMpaya saMpaya kaMpa karaM ti vela mavakalI saMkula bakula kurai sacchaM cakuri mahabala suMdarU kuMdra racai AnaMda phala pari bhari vijaya riva kariva voriya ga madhukara sebiya karupiya turujiya jimanuSasa~ga vihasiya naliniya saravari taravari bhamauna jAi pADala parimala subimala puhaviDi kahani ma mAi afe karas karAlitha pAliya jima mana raMga nAraMgI raMga taraMgina saMgiya bahu nava raMgi neering afs laTakara bahaka parimala bhUi aree aye gates trAsa paMthiya dUri phiri phiri bani vami madhukara nikara karaI kAru jIta jA kara amarasu samarasu kiri jayakA 1 donoM kAmoM meM rAjula kI zrRMgAra babjA kA kama utkRSTa hai|raaju kA zrRMgAra ke vimora honA kavi afeat gari aaaa usakA kriyA ke kAvya pravAha kA paricaya detA hai: sajjA varNana (NEW ST For utsa Tees pAraNa vimAraha bAbAvara bI mA baDirAva siM mAnikya niparika kiri turu 1- prAcIna kADA0 baoNsa 0 8-11 /

Page #440
405 aMjani ajaya vaivi nayaNa patra veli kapoli motI lagAuMka kanni mukhi raMgu taMboli kaMThu nagodara phulla mAla uri navasara hAro kareThiya kaikama rayaNa valaya muMdraDiya gavAro vasu kaDi kaMkaNa cagRcariyamavamana vAjate varamihineura rUpa mubaI mahi Avata ujjeti 1 ( khitIya kAmu ). ThaThaThaka sIsaha motiya jAliya vAliya kaMma deha umaTi kIdhI kyamihi nayavihi kAjala reha kannihi vesi kuMDala cainala urivari hArU kaMThi nagodarU karaThiu kari Thiu kaMkaNa bhAru kaDihi paroliya pahiriya gahiriya guNa gaNivAla a neura kapa spabhuva karas viSAla isa prakAra donoM kRtiyoM kI phAgu rolA chaMdoM meM hai kyA divasIya meM bIvara anuprasa maiM hara eka pakti meM kavi kI antara anuprAsa bailI kA yama pradhAna zailI ke kucha udAharaNa dekhiya: 2 1- madhukara seviya karuni taruNiya jima tuma caMda 2- eka na paraniya kavi IgaDa mauvanu jAya 3- ketu ko 4 5. isI sarAyaka paMkti ko dekhA jA sakatA hai| bhASA aura bhAva pravAha meM paryApta sAmya hai| prathama yavaka pradhAna dohA camatkAra hai| bItara anuprAsa nuka kara jamudA hiMDolA ramara maramara kiri nira mola vivi harati varati dAnu sade 1- cIna kA saMgraha: DA. vADevarA 0 80-11 bdd'ii|

Page #441
aMta meM donI phAgoM meM kavi saMyoga kI madhura AzA ko eka dama bama meM parivartita kara diyA hai| sAre dRzya badala jAte hai| jahAM taka kavi ke kAvyAtmaka sthaloM kA sambandha hai, bhASA kA pravAha, zabdoM kI komalakAta padAvalIvarNana kI Abara anuprasA yamaka pradhAna zailI tathA maulika upamAnoM kI dRSTi se donoM phAgoM ke nakha zikha varNana bar3e utkRSTa hai| donoM meM yadyapi vastu sAmya hai parantu phira bhI donoM kA svataMtra mahatva varNana kI paddhati kI ora saMketa katA hai| donoM phAgoM meM rAhula ke nama zikSa varNanoM kI miThAsa desie| donoM ke upamAnoM meM rAzakhara ke neminAtha phAga meM varNita upamAnoM se bhI sAmya hai: (prathama bhAga) mayaNa muDa karivAla sarisa siri veNIya banDo kati samujjavala tAsu vaya sipi viMDa asaMhI mAlathala aTheThabhiva caMdu kiri kena hiMDolA mamui dhanui sama vibula capala leyaNa kaMcolA dakpaNa nimmala tama kapola, nAsAtila phUla hIrA jima bhalaMkata daMta patihi nahiM pulla jAhiru pravAlA karai koila vAdo rAjala bASika deSu bIca sArai nAdI vasu puya ballIva kari maha pIpa payohara tuma pari pUriya siMmAra ravi nava kalama kiri bama rahari kAliya gIta ma khama trivali raMga mAhI maMDaha baha mahIra romAvalI caMka pani vikAsa niyaMba bibabalI posTa rapiya aMga baraNa aksana guNa boru . (hivaDIva zama) goDa piravara rAja bhAjaka sAla veSi pA pumakA narAkhnu sAnu dIyA vIki

Page #442
zravaNa hiMDolA raivara naravara kiri niramola sohahi kavihiM sasahara jAi pola unnata sara liya nAsika sAsika lai Amoddha vilasari katihiM dadvihi navakuMda kaliya vinoddha jApaTha ahara pavAlA AlA abhUtaha tAja kaMtu sukoila samadhuru madhuru karai jaga dAsu tasa puja saraliya tara liya pIna payodhara taMga uyari laMkA liya vAliya lAliya trivalI taraMga gajapati karavara pIvara usya hariNI baMpa sakala sukomala navadala pavatala muNi hi alaMdha 1 vastutaH donoM varNanoM meM, karavAla kI pAti veNI pAyala amiya caMDa nirmala darpaNa kI prAti kapola tilaphUla ivanAmA mAdi aneka nanazisa ke maulika upamAna kavi ne juTAe hai| kRtiyoM ke anta meM rAjula kA vilApa aura 'nirveda use mArmika banAdetA hai| isa prakAra donoM phAgoM ke maulika prayogoM aura kAvyAtmaka sthaloM kA prayoga kyA pravAhapUrNa sarala bhASA kA paricaya ukta uddharaNoM dvArA mila jAtA hai| donoM phAgukAroM ne neminAtha ke nirveda kA vizva zAma mIta bayAna, dubArA yiA hai| isa katiyoM bAkAlIna sAmAjika prathA, sthAnIyavAsAvarapa bAdhika sundara citra prastuta kie hai| kyA paraMparA meM bastu mitra ko chor3akara kaSiyoM ne varNana zailI aura dRSTikoSa kI maulikatA prastuta kI hai| sAtha me pinAtha kA pArivArika saMbaMdha, naipinAtha kI kRSNa kI paTarAniyoM ke sAtha baha kIr3A, paTarAniyoM kI umare chaina, vinova mA vivAha kI vI vAdi prasaMga kaviyoM ne maulika raksa hai| yoM aba taka ki kAmoM bAdhA kyA neminAtha ke pANigrahaNa utsava se hI milanI jo bhI ho, donoM kAma kAmbA vikAsa se pratIka hai|

Page #443
rAvami pArzvanAtha phAgu, rAvaNi pArzvanAtha phANa kI baDaudA jJAna maMdira kI pothI naM0 4677 ke ATha patroM meM eka phAga prasannacaMda mUri kRta rAvaSipArzvanAtha phAgu racanA upalabdha huii| racanA kI pratilipi abhayajaina granthAlaya meM bhI surakSita hai| prasannacaMda sUri jayasiMha mUri keziSya the ataH inakA kAla saM0 1421 ke AsapAsa hI anumAnita kiyA jA sakatA hai| rAvaNi pArzvanAtha kAna kA kyA zilpa pUrva varNita phAgoM se bhinna hai| isakA varNana kavi ne prazasti kAvya ke ssa meM kiyA hai| rAvami alabara ke pAsa eka va hai| vahI pArzvanAtha kA mandira hai| kavi ne 16 padoM kI isa choTI sI racanA meM hI gAba rAvami, pArzvanAtha kA maMdira tathA vanazrI aura basaMta zrI kA varNana kiyA hai| ina janabhASA kaviyoM ke kAvya meM yaha lAdhava atyanta adhika milatA hai| choTI sI racanA meM aneka tathyoM kA samanvaya kavi ne prastuta kiyA hai| isa racanA meM phAgu kAvyoM kA madhu mahotsava vanazrI varNana ke rupa meM milatA hai| tathA pArzvanAtha ke maMdira meM hone vAlI pUjA kA bhI kavi ne muSTha varNana kyiA hai| ramA prakAzita hai| sAtha hI isameM kyA zilpa kI dRSTi se bhI kavi ne thor3A parivartana kyiA hai| baDyAvadhi lagabhaga sabhI kAgu neminAtha ke jIvana para hI mila hai parantu kavi kI usa racanA parivAdhAna hone para bhI bIrtha yA sthAna vizeSa kI prabasti meM likhI va racanA hai| pUrI racanA ko kavi ne pAsa meM kisaksa yiA hai|puurv pRSThoM meM bhAva para vicAra kiyA jA cukA hai| kavi ne pUrA kA izA yA rolA chaMdoM meM liyA hai jo pUrva paricita hai| kavi ke kAvyAtmaka sthaloM ke kucha udAharaNa isa prakAra hai: kavi negI varNana nAma parimAnAtmaka rupa vibhinna vanaspatiyoM kI vAsandhika pukamA desie. bAla vizAla rasAta, mAlahi bAta dhamAla pArasapIpaka papa ghalAsa purvapriyAta

Page #444
401 karapaTa caSayAra kauTha karamaMdI viMda pahuya maNohara maMdayAra pAlhai macakaMda sIsami saradhA sarala sAga siMbhAli salIsai baMsayA li baDi bama pamuha vasai jahiM dIsaha jAtrigu janu calita chaha ati ghaNu harisei sUzA sAlahi mora sabaTu api mAgi vihaseI (204 50 21) kavi ne phAgu khelane kA ullAsapUrNa varNana basatra varNana kI goDa meM kiyA hai| madhuritu kA unlAsa citraNa karane meM kavi kA mana khUba ramA hai| adoM kI saralatA, pravAha sthA aDcayana kI komalatA dekhie: saravara niramala nIra pariya hasihi parivariyA mAli sumaMghiya tathA kSetra pagi pagi avayariyA dhUva Di dhAvaliyAlaDara dhasamasatI cAlai laDamaData laharkata deSi dUbahi jiNu nanAvai gAma mamAriya govalipI gahi geli karate parale tarale loyagaDa hasi hiya harate timi pari pAya vara vaNi cAla ghaDa disi nAre, kAma vijanilimA yubaDa sAre isa barasa kavi kI racanA kI meM anuba, mRtya, mIna yA kAvya kI rasamayatA aura mevatA kA paricaya mila pAtA hai| varSa rAji kA varSama utkRSTa hai: aba dAvi bAjhaM bAparAuritu pakA paDUna dizi disi rahi saMta kora manamAdhi puSi mUna pAnI paMcaka basa bela para liyA devabaDI mArA iMdara ravi miliyA mAMDalA DAla guhAvanI 1, vari mahamahae pAla vina nAibA nArimi mahagahae bImAri bahumagi pariva naba mA pAro saravara viDada ki kama mAra kAro

Page #445
bamaNulo mAtauvaNa mamAri maruka maNumohai dADima dIsai atisuraMga kesuaDau sohai dADima dIsai atisuraMga kesuaDau sohA koila kalirakha mAgalau kiri amiyaha UlaTa mavaNarAya maDi pAmiyara tihuSaNa uparavaTa ( prA.phA.saM0 6-8 pR023)| kavi ne pratimA pUjana vidhi tathA nIrAjanA gAna, nRtya, bhavajana, pUjA Adi kA varSana mI saphalatA se kiyA hai|smaas bahulA zailI meM kavi ne kAvya kauzala prastuta kara jana sAdhAraNa meM rAbhi sthiti pArzvanAtha kI pratimA kI prANa pratiSThA kI : aha nAganAha kaNa maMDalihi maDiu jiNanAyaka mecha mANa nIvalaga sayala vaiGyi phalavAyaku sIha jaima ekallamalla vamAhi baIThaTha vidhana gayaMda vihAraNa vihu nayaNe dITha caMdana kuMkuma paNa kapUra kasathUriya levizu pUja racimu pahu pAsanAha kari nhavA vileviSa bhAratIya maMgala paIyavara dhvani vo Dhoiya mAla nAlipara bahula jana mApha lekho vA lagi caMcala cora caura pahiyA vAya to kami koSa roma boga saMcaya saMbAbA vA Thagi iTTa daridra vivai dImatkApiTha (11- prA.phA.sa. pU. 24) isa prakAra ramA choTI hai parantu prAli mIla ke sma meM kAgu kAyama mahatva isa spaSTa ho jAtA hai| pApA baraka maura vatsama baDdoM se yukta hai|

Page #446
411 -- jaMbU svAmI phAga.. (ajAta kavi kRta) nanda saM0 1430 kA jaMbU svAmI phAga mahatvapUrNa kAvya hai|prstut kAvya kI prati pATaNa meM muniyakSa vijaya kI hastaprati se upalabdha huI hai| yoM yaha racanA bahuta pahale prakAzita ho cukI thii| bU svAmI neminAtha kI hI bhAti bahuta prasiddha vyaktitva hue hai jinapara aneka kAvya likhe gae hai| 15vIM zatAbdI ke pUrvAdha meM yaha kRti eka bahuta hI durlabha tathA mahatvapUrNa racanA hai| jaMbU svAmI phAga meM katI kA nAma kahIM nahIM milatA) kRti kI pUrvavartI racanAoM ko dekhate hue kAvya paddhati bhAkA, bhAva aura zilpa meM yaha racanA jayazekhara ke neminAtha ke phAgu se prA sAmya rakhatI hai jisa para Age prakAza DAlA jaaygaa| bahuta saMbhava hai ki ye donoM kavisamakAlIna rahe hoN| athavA paraspara prabhAvita bhI hue hoN| kAvya kI dRSTi se yakRti bar3I mahatva kI hai| prastuta kAvya pAtaraNAsa vAlI 3. kar3iyoM yA 60 dUhoM meM racA huA hai| sampUrNa kAvya meM kavi ne aMtarayamaka pratyeka dohe meM rakhA hai jo phAga kI pravRtti vizeSa hai| kRti kA pATha, bhASA bhAva, pravAha aura kAvya-kauzala kI dRSTi se ajJAta kavi kuna ajenaracanA basanta vilAsa phAgu meM paryApta mela kSAbA hai| basanta vilAsa kA samaya bhI saM0 1425 ke pAsa pasala hai| rakhanA baMdha yamaka anuprasA kI yA zailI vasaMta vilAba meM sarvaka parilakSita hotI hai| kRti jaMbUsvAmI jIvana para likhI eka vividha ghaTanAoM meM gumkina eka caritamUlaka maMDa kAvya hai| jisameM jaMbU svAmI kA vyaktitva saMyama kI anUThI suSamA se jagamamAtA hai| caMbU svAmI rAmagRha nagara ke eka anapaDhI rikmadatya ke putra the| unakI mAtA pAriNI bhii| yuvAvasthA meM eka bAra baMbU svAmI apane parivAra sahita vaibhavamiri parva para kIr3A karane ge| punaH choTo rAsse meM sudharmAsvAmI gaNadhara se maiTa huii| abU kumAra ne unI praNAma kiyA aura upadeza dete hI unheM virakti ho mii| ghara bAkara mAtA pitA ke unhoMne dIkSA kI bAta khii|pr putra para asIma - 1-prAcIna kAma aMgraha . 25-30 gubarAbI bIpotsAka-pu.n m DAmADesarA sNpaadit|

Page #447
mAra hone se mAtA pitAoM ne unase lagana kA Agraha kiyaa| unhoMne kaha diyA ki 'vivAhoparAnta meM dIkSA ttuuttaa| riSabhadAlata ne bhI una ATha kanyAoM ke mAtA pitAoM se dIkSA kI bAta kaha dii| zreSThiyoM ne sArI sUcanA kanyAoM se khii| vivAha ke uparAnta dIkSA patha se jaMbU kumAra ko pathamyuta kara rAga raMga meM hubA dene kI icchA se pariNItA AThoM lar3akiyAM milana kI prathama rAtri meM hI hAra gaI para jaMbU svAmI ko apane avicala nizcaya se nahIM DigA skiiN| usI avasara para rAtri ke phile paharoM meM prabhava nAmakA eka cora apane 500 caura sAthiyoM ko lekara seTha kA dravya lUTane ghusa AyA para jana svAmI ke upadeza ko suna svamita ho gayA aura apanI avasvApinI 'viiyA ko isa staMbhana vidyA ke sAmane tuccha maanaa| usa avasvApinI se usane sabako behoza kara diyA para jaMbU svAmI para akhaMDa brahmacarya ke prabhAva se usakI vidyA niSphala ho gaI usake paira isase vahI staMmita ho ge| isa avasara para jaMbU kumAra ne use saMsAra ke asAra hone kA upadeza diyaa| prabhava bhI unhIM ke sAtha dIkSita huaa| rAtri meM apanI bAhoM patniyoM ko bhI jaMbU kumAra ne vivitha iSTAntoM dvArA parituSTa kara diyA aura isa prakAra jaMbU svAmI ne prabhava ke sAtha 500 coroM tathA mAtA pitA aura AThauM kanyAoM sahita sudharmAsvAmI se dIkSA grahaNa kii| 16 varSa kI vaya meM dIkSA grahaNa karake unnI 5 varSa meM kaivalya prApta huvaa| 44 varSa unhoMne kaivalya pravajyA meM vivAra aura vIM varSa kI avasthA meM mokSa ko prAjae aura unakA nAma pramaya meM grahaNa kiyaa| saMkSepa meM kAvya kI kathA bastu yahI hai jisako kavi ne vividha bhAvapUrNa raktiyoM se saMvArA hai| kavi ne jaMbU svAmI ke vaiSavamiri ghara kIr3A karane gAve khamaya kA pati aura paraMparA ke anusAra vasaMta zrI kA sundara varNana kiyA hai| kavi ne unake mAtA pitA kA paricaya bar3I prAsAdika zailI diyA hai| phAgu kAvya ke zipameM yaha bAra dekhane ko milatI hai ki cAhe racanA kA nAyaka ho yA nAmikA kavi unakA prAvika varNana kasA hai| jaMbU kumAra kA ma varNana dekhie: bakumAra baDa naMbana maina- achADa kAyaDi bahu bhAu, vAsaramA jima rAha

Page #448
visvama kavi puravasa suMdarU sohaga-sAru kvAli lavali komala nimmala jasa AdhAra sasimaMDala gaMgAjala umjavala guNi saMjattu lAvana siri lIlAvana govanavaya saMpatu yahAM taka ki yuvaka nAyaka ke mAtA pitA kA varNana bhI utanA hI prAsAdika hai jitanA anya varNana / kavi kI AlaMkArika zailI tathA aMtarayamaka kA saphala nivAha atyanta svabhAvika hai: magadhadeza mukha bhUSaNa, duSaNa rahita nivAsu nayara rAjagRha rAjame gAjabhe jagi jasavAra sohaI nahi suguNAyara sAyara parIya gaMbhIru risahadatta vivahArIu dhAriya nijama nivIsa tasa dharaNI guNa dhAraNI dhAriNI nAma prasiddha amiya veli jima maMdiri suMdarI sIla samidha phAgu varNana kI paraMparA ke anusAra kavi ne vasaMta kA varNana kara kAvya kauzala kA paricaya diyA hai| sailI prasAdaguNa sampanna hai| pAkA tatsama, bhAva spRhaNIya tathA padAvalI masaNa hai kavi kI AlaMkArika zailI usake varNana lAdhava ko aura bhI utkRSTa banA detI hai| vAsantI prakRti karpana desipaH iNi avajAri gamahAla, pala bhAra badeza dakSiNa bAba vikAsIya, bAsIya bAni viharaNa ramati stUli kaLIra, 'milIu 'nija parivAri baMDa kumaka bahArivari, mirivari kina mAri kAmIya ke pariNati, sahi kaI bahu meM gi ramaI rasAla usIya, karaNIya nabanaba raMga paMdhIya vanamanavaDa, bamakA dekhI anama raMga para mama yarU, mana banlaba caMzu kAmipi mana basu kaMvara caMpaka bana bahakati kAma vijaya dhvaja jamalIya kdalIya lahalahakati

Page #449
115 parimala ke lia mAtIya jAtIya jima vihasati mahUyara timatima ruNabhuga saMgaNakAra kara ti vani sevatrIya beDala beDalAI bahumAna vaulasiri vani pelAi malhai mAninI mAna bAlau surabhi suAlau, AlaTha mavaNa narivaM pADala parimala vikasiya, visIya naya mucakaMda jima jima vA Dimi pAcai mAcai tima riturAu rAyapi hAli lahalahatIya, bahatIya phala samavAu phala bhari bhariya bIurIya, maurIya maMjarI caMga nAriMgI phala ati namatIya, samatIya pani hi suraMga kusumataNai pari sohai mohai manajaMbIra kubalaya dalabahu vikasai nivaI vani kaNavIra kamala sarovara vAsai vAsai haMsagaMbhIru mayaNarAya paharAuta rAuta kira ati dhIrU phalavala pAri manohara moha racai sahakAra maMjarI paurabahakara TahavA kohali sAra (8-20TToday- 25-16) varNana kI prAsAdAtmakatA spaSTa hai kavi ne vaibhavagira kI basanta zrI kA varNana khUba DUbakara diyA hai| kAna kI pratyeka paMkti meM bAhara bamaka hai mApA sarata hindI hai tathA batsama aba pradhAna hai| vasaMta kA varNana phAgu ko ullAsa pradhAna banA detA hai| kavi ne isa bayaMta varNana ke rUpa meM prakArAntara se caMbU svAmI ke jIvana ke mauvana kI munA kA sundara bama viA hai| barI kamasi varNana, apavarNana aura zrRMgAra sajjA kI kAvyAtmakatA kA prazna hai kavi ne apanI pUrva saphalatA dikhAI hai| sarala bhASA meM itanA madhura varNana bhAvikAlIna hindI sAhitya meM birale hI dekhane ko milate haiN| babU kumAra ko apane dIvA ke nizcama se haTAne ke lie ATha zreSTha kanyAoM

Page #450
415 ne unake sAtha pANi grahaNa kI soca lii| unhoMne apane kAma iMgita, zrRMgAra sajjA, prUkaTAkSa, tathA saundarya ke upAdAnoM se saMyama ke sAkAra rUpa jaMbUsvAmI ko pathacyuta karanA caahaa| kavi ne inhIM ATha nAyikAoM kA nakhazikha tathA zArIrika suSamA kA varNana kiyA hai| padAvalI bar3I sarala hai jisameM kavi ne nAyikAoM meM yauvana ke daMbha kA raMga bharA hai| vANI sarasa aura zabda bar3e gaMbhIra hai| jaMbusvAmI ko jhukAne ke prayojana se taiyAra hone vAlI ina bATha nAyikAoM kA saundarya rUpa va sajjA kA varNana bekhie: ghara ghari gUDIya kahakaha, bhalakai toraNa bAri raMga taraMgi gAya (vAyas) hara khi na nArI kanyA abhinava jovana sovana banna samANA mAgIya rupi viluttama, uma vaMsa pahANA AThai disi mana raMjana aMjana bhUmahIya nAri ATha guNa saMpannIya upani saMsArI siravari vaiNIya lahakai, bahakara caMpaka mAlA ravipati va samAja jAta mAla visAlA mahiya sva kusumasari avasara toraNa mAta tribhuvana jaya uttAsiddhi kAsiMhi kIya kAla lADIya paMkya loNI joyamI jaga mana moha kambala ra dama nisvama sAraNi moha ukaDa caMDa sama sarala taralA nAsAnaM ahara biMba maravAvi, chAlIya rAga vide vimala kapola vi dIvaha jIvai dinayara kaMti kyAni kati miliya rahIya ekati koThi mora marAThiya rAkhIya vinijIya ma kkU vire chAbaDa, gAjar3a kAraNa te

Page #451
ati saraliya bhUya juyalIya kuyalIya kamala samANa pANi jayala nahakira Nihi aruNihiM rAga nihANa manamAthi ThavIya payohara moharasAvalilaima lavaNima bharIya aMkurIya pUrIya rAgi nitaMba tribhuvana mohaNI tivalIya, trivali jisI bhUgamAbhI kAma kelIbaha doklI chalIya rasAlIya nAbhI kIrati dhaMpa samANIba ANIya uru samAna mayaNarAya Aropiya lo piya jagajapamAna calati kamala harAvai, nAvai kuNi upamA ni kanyA eu maluNiya, kuNiya navi guNI mAni haMsa basahagaya gamaNIya ramaNI nayaNa milati jaibu kumara navaraMgihi bhagihisiNagAraMti (25-35) ukta varNana meM pravAla kI bhAti adhara, dADima kI bhAti deta paMkti, dinakara kAzi kI bhAti kapoloM kI AmA kamala ke samAna komala yugala bhujAeM, payodhara manamatha ke stabaka, rAgapUrita nitaMboM kI lAvaNya AbhA, maganAbhi kI bhAti kAma kI bAur3I, kI ti staMbha kI pAti agala baMgAe Adi sabhI upamAna sundara vastutaH varNana paddhati ko dekhane yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki saMbhavataH isakA kI jovara bhari hI ho para yaha bAta pramANa puSTa nahIM hai| saurva varNana aura gAra varSana meM kavi kI pakar3a bar3I manodhI hai prathama milana rAtri meM hI zAmeM kanyAoM ke saundarya va bhAra varNana karatA huA kavi unheM baMDU svAmI ibArA ADa avadhAnI aura dRSTAnchoM ke nirvada kA Ananda spaSTa karatA hai aura pora rasa meM isI bAga nAmikA caMbU svAmI ke sAtha dIkSA kI ora AkarSita ho paatii| kavi ne vastra paridhAnoM aura AbhUSaNoM meM lipaTI kammAmI kI rakhA kA zama ivArA parAbhava visAyA hai| yauvana ke isa abhinna strota aura umAra meM eka rasa variSna dhyAsa kA zamana kavi ne nirmada ivArA kiyA hai| pramaya cora bhI usake 500 sAthiyoM sahita unake sAtha dIvita ho gayA:

Page #452
jaMbu kumaru iNi ucchavi, macchavi AThai nAri muja ni mADa paraNAviu Aviu niyagharabAri vAsa bhavani tiI pahaThau, baiThau gaurakha mAri ATha nAri Agala rahI sahIya sahita siNagAri kesara kumakuma ATi ulaTi kari muvisAla sidi saMthai ugotIya motIva tilaka mAla nayaNi tulIya jamaNAjala kAjala sAmala reha karai kaDakva taraMgihi raMgihi suraha siha agara kapUra kastUrIya pUrIya rahai polika nayaNa kamali sasi niramala ramati racI boli kA ni hi katihi maMDala kuMDala lahalahakati navAsiNagAra sahodara nagodara bhala alakati upari kaicUu taDakkai laDakai navasara hAra kaNayavanna kari cUDau saDau tasa malakAra pahiraNi cIra paTalIya baulIya mUla vicAri cUnaDalI navaraMgIya caMgIya DhANi sAra iNi saNagAra na rAbar3a samacai rasi amaratva ni nArI kyAnaka thAnaka bala na bista aga nabI prati baidhai roSA nija mani kAma cAra rAu mA bhaDina prabhaDa paData vAma pAnamA jhiA sakA vira bavarAgI niba mAya piya sirasala, barasa jana mAgi namA Ai bApapi pani prabhavara piya mAdhi pAmIvarama niyama sohama mAra hAdhi (44-56) prA phA0ma0. 28-30 // isa prakAra kavi ne hamAre sAmane zrRMgAra kA utkRSTa varNana kara usakA parihAra

Page #453
nirveda meM kiyA hai| 15vIM zatAbdI meM racita isa kavi kI bhASA atyanta sarala tathA spaSTa hai| apazakAlIna labANikatA ke sAtha kavi ne adhikAza zabdoM ko tatsama pradhAna rakhA hai| ___ phAgu kA uddezya nAyaka caMbU svAmI ke saMyama kI utkRSTatA ko janasAdhAraNa meM pracalita kara asAra saMsAra ko tyAga nirvANa kI kAmanA ko spaSTa karanA hai| phAgu gaiya aura kAvyAtmaka hai kavi nai phAgu janita uddezya ko spaSTa kara diyA hai: phAgu basati ji khelai belai muguNa nidhAna vijayavaMta te chAjai rAjA tilaka samAna isa prakAra prastuta kAvya phAgu kAvyoM kI paraMparA meM varNana mAdhurya kI eka maulika bar3I hai| aisI hI kRtiyA AdikAlIna hindI jaina kaviyoM kI kAvyAta samatA kA paricaya kI hai| 15vIM zatAbdI meM vividha viSayaka aura bhI kRtiyAM upalabdha hotI hai jinakA paricaya Age ke pRSThoM meM diyA jaaygaa|

Page #454
rApallI pArzvanAtha phaag| (mesanaMdana)-saM0 1432 chaThaMThaMThaThaThaThaThaThaLaLaLaLaLaLaMThaThaTha yaha phAgu zrI agaracaMda nAiTA ke saMgrahAlaya kI saM0 1493 meM likhI saMgraha pothI se upalabdha huA hai| racanA ke lekhaka zrI mastedana upAdhyAya hai|khrtrgcch ke memnavana jinavaya sUri ke ziSya the| inakI anya kaI kRtiyAM aura milatI hai jo AdikAlIna hindI sAhitya kI bar3I mahatvapUrNa kar3iyA hai| jinameM pramukha jinodayasUri vivAhalau, ajita zAnti stavana Adi hai| jaisalamera paMDAra meM bhI prastuta phAgu kI prati upalabdha hotI hai| zrI lAlabaMda pAdhI ne isa kRti ko saM0 1519 kI likhI batAI hai jo ekadama ThIka nahIM hai| jIrApallI AbU ke pAsa jainiyoM kA prasiddha tIrtha hai| isI phAga kI mAvi eka rAvapi pArzvanAtha phArA milatA hai jisakA varNana hama pUrva pRSThoM meM kara cuke hai| prastuta kRti kI mukhya pravRttiyAM bhI ThIka vaisI hI hai| kavi ne pArzvanAtha maMdira kA pravAhapUrNa varNana kiyA hai| jisameM pArzvanAtha kI yAtrA para nikale yAtriyoM kA paraspara vAtIlApa, basaMta kI banazrI pati patniyoM kA saMlApa tathA pArzvanAtha kI stuti bar3e hI prabhAvaka padoM meM kI hai pUrA phAga 60 kar3iyoM meM likhA gayA hai| kRti ke varNana ko dekhane para isameMphAgu ke zilpa sambandhI lAkSaNika tatvoM kA samAveza bhI milatA hai| bhAkA kAvyAtmaka prabAha kI dRSTi se kucha udAharaNa nIce die jAte hai| jIrAvalI sthAna kA homA varSana vidhana vikAsa kAma mAmiDa pAvakumAra mAyavi siri pIraulirAu hiu kA sAra siri amana mahIpati dIpati kula AdhAra abaDhI sadI abhirAmA bAmadevi mahAra pAmaka bahu bAla pAka ika jaga sAmi sevaka zivakA sakA DIpada nAmi ramalAi aba purNagA baMgamu moDi mamA ri balapi bala rASi vAli ma mayakAri - - - -prAcIna kAmu saMgraha- DA. mogIlAla sAhasarA- 11-141

Page #455
420 kamaTha kaThoru payodhari dhariu jo navakAri mugati ramaNi mana raMjaya bhaMjaNu bhAvaThi bhAri jIrA ulIya satIsaya, dIsaha tamu avatAra ekalamali jiNa sAdari Adariu jagabhAru caurAsiya nara nAyaka, pAyaka mar3a saparANa cora caraDa baha mAnai mAnai siri jasa ANa jasu Dari kari pari niya priya syi nitujapai Ima kUDai mani pAsaha taNI dhaniyama lAdhasi sIma . kavi ne gUrjara gharatI kI sundarI nAriyoM kA varNana , unakA pArzvanAtha ke darzana kA ullAsa tathA unake nRtya aura unlAsa kA manohArI varNana kiyA hai| varNana kI saralatA, citrAtmakatA tathA zabUdoM kI Atara anubhasA yojanA naSTavya hai: jipi viNi vaivaha joi na koi na pUcha sAra tiSi(diNi) babhaNa patriya jAtriya varNa bhaDhAra iNi mahimAguNa rajiya jiya nayaNa visAla bhUpi boli suraMgiya raMgiya adhara pravAla laDahiyApi kaDamar3atIya ghaDatIya bhAva rasAla neha mahilliya divA priya hulA paibAta dharaNi kvaNi romaviya viya savi bharabAra sokna anai sumadhAti baMdhahi kahi kima bAra parisani zAkira nIla dIma miya samApa pUja mAvima vimoriya doSiya pazya pramANi bhAkiya meDisiDita niyaniya vaisi - - 1. prAcIna kA mahaH DA. sADesarA pu. 12-11

Page #456
421 caI disi taNiya suyAliya bAliya maMDapa desi jasa mukha kamala nirupama pama viu sasi nibi sarala tarala jasu vINiya lINiya ramA nirvavi gujaraDI guNa vatiya daitiya sara avatAri madhura vayaNa jaba bolai tolai kuNa saMsAri sara liya aMgilatA jima vA jima nabhatIya vA ki soraThaNI mani gaulima kaDaliya mAni jalA ki sAmalaDI dhaNa pAkhya bAdhya nayaNa tara gi hAva bhAva nevi jANai ANai puNi manuraM mi sidhuMya sahaji samAgiya jAgiya lavaNima sANi, aMgi anopama coliya moliya vacana vinAgi DhI liya anunAgoriya, gaDariya sohagapUri jasu varavadAni kalaMki paMki caMdala dUri caMcala capala salUNiya uNiya sahaji na rupi vApivilAsI vicajaNa dikSaNaDI rasakUpi baisi paliya moliya bailiya mAbaya raMgi pAsakumara muSa mA mAyI ra kina ami carama cori bicamakA kamAi neura nAdi kalpalatA kari lai relai na sAvi ipichati ravi pApaDa vara garama meM bhApari citi pAsa mamAthi joba loSa koSa sAbi rIti isI prakAra kAvyAtmaka aura parama varSana kavi ne varmata kA kiyA hai| yamaka kI chaTA varNana ko aura utkRSTa banA detI hai| vasaMtrI kA phUlanA, saurama kA tUphAna aura malayAnika kI bAliyA mI dRSTavya hai: pirivari girivari puri purivani bani paramala sAra bIDa vilva jabAi vI bhAra bAra

Page #457
tiNi abhimAnAhi ratipAti ratipati mAsa vasaMta pobha bhapI avatA riu mAriu kusuma hasata daviNavAu mahItali sItala lahakiu jAma birahi nIsAsaDa kAlau bAlA bAhi kisa tAma sakala kamala bani mahIkyi Tahakyi koyala jANa paMdhiya mani dukha dhara tiya varatiya manmatha ANa vAjA kRSi ali kairiva mairiya prathamAra mi pAna tapai misi UDiya bhUDiya kadalI mi bahupali nabhai bIja riya mauriya aba rasAla sahaji sumAgahi myaDalA sUpaDalA khelaya DAla madhukara nAdihi paka capaka ati amirAma vana siri dIva UsArati AratiyA siri kAma veula pADala kaNiya aruNiya dADima phUli lIjai paka avADI vATaDI chADai bhUli parimala dasadisi vAsai vAsai sArasa iMsa berahamArisarImaharIbaIsaha avasa paMdhiki dhiya sopiya momina sA palAsa devAvi bama pravAhaba, bhAba chaya bAsa vAi mAhi pavAyapi rAyaNi anu karaNAra avara bhamohara basvara bayara kavi apAra vipi sapi tribhuvana kaMpai baha ravi pati sIma mora madhura caribAbA bAlabai virahiSi kIma virahiNi ka papai sahi kI kina bAvai nAha pAvani baukhala vana vana paidA bAha eka papai kucha devati mevAti tU jamasAmi ziva paradesi pahala mULa kavava virAmi

Page #458
423 iNi pari jaga jagau~ tara kaMtara rativara nAri sahiDa vasatihi ghAu Asa pAsaha bAri avasaru nahIM amINau hI ciMtaya mAru budvidha vibhAsiya nADau ghAu rati bharatAru (30 36 prA0phA0sa0) isa prakAra kavi kI anuprasA yamaka yojanA pratyeka pakti meM hai| pASA kI saralatA madhuratA, pravAha aura anudoM kI komalatA ukta udharaNoM se spaSTa hai| kavi kI utprekSAeM bhI usakI kAvyAtmakatA meM yoga detI hai| rAsa meM kavi ne gIta nRtya, laya, tAla Adi kA ullekha kiyA hai ataH spaSTa hai ki phAga racanA ke lAkSaNika tatvoM kA samAveza bhI huA hai| pUrA kAvya AvaraprasA vAle dohA chado meM liyA gayA hai| sthAna varNana prazasti meM likhe hue purAnI hindI ke paise gIta kAvyoM meM jIrApallI pArzvanAtha gu kA sthAna apane hI prakAra kA hai|

Page #459
puruSottama pAca paanddvphaag| mannnma nna ThaThaTha00000 (ajJAta) zrI nAhaTA jI ke saMgraha meM 15vIM zatAbdI ke uttarAIdha kI eka puruSottama paMca pADava phAgu racanA upalabdha huI hai|jo usI saM0 1493 kI saMgraha pothI meM likhI hai| racanA zAlimasUri ke paMca pAnDava caritra rAma kI hI mAti pAca pADavoM kA carita varNana karatI hai| para kathA vastu meM thor3A antara hai| racanA kA katI ajJAta hai tathA racanA kAla bhI nizcita nahIM hai| puruSottama pAca pADava phAga meM kavi ne pADavoM ke draupadI vivAha se hI kAvya prAraMbha kiyA hai| pAnha rAjA draupadI va pAcauM pADavoM ko sAtha lekara hastinApura Ate hai| rAjA ke sammAna meM utsaba hote hai| isake pazcAta kavi ne kulA parvata para vikasita vasaMta zrI kA sundara varNana kiyA hai| vasaMta varNana phAgu kAvya kI lAkSaNika vizeSatAoM meM se eka hai| gaMgA aura yamunA ke bIca meM sthiti isa parvata para yAvava aura pAnDava krIDA karane jAte hai| kRSNa aura kutI putra khUba krIDA karate hai aura kRSNa ko nArada riki tIrtha kA mahAtmya batalAte hai aura phAgu samApta ho jAtA hai| choTI sI racanA meM kavi kA varNana kauzala khuba nicarA hai| kavi kA barSana atyanta svAbhAvika aura sarala hai| kavi ne racanA ko mAsa meM vibhakta kiyA hai| pAkA atyanta sarala hai| 15vIM zatAbdI ke uttarArduSa kI isa kRtiyoM meM pApaka atyanta hI sarala hindI biAI par3atI hai ataH zabdoM kI saralatA, loka pracalana aura tatsamatA spaSTa hai| magara praveza ke samaya nAgarikoM kA utsava varNana dekhie: ahe sAye kariDa goviMda bAma pari nAmaka AvA albAbhi biharaha bAri lo puri soha karAvA baDiyA korasa uga megA dampana bisalyAri maiva vidhi kari pura vikAsa mahiyala bhavatArita pari pari modriya kA pArija mUDiya uThA liya 1-prAcIna kA saMgrahA DA. bADasarA pu.43-46|| bAya bIkAnera on

Page #460
425 dhari dhari maMgala kalasa Thaviya vara vaMduravA liya ucchAyi ghara ghATa pavara paTToliya sohaya 1 nAcati kiri vima putaliya tribhuvana manu mohai kavi kA vIra meM pAnDuoM kama varNana atyanta saphala bana par3A hai| zabudoM kA cayana, AlaMkArikatA aura anuprasAtmakatA ullekhanIya hai| varNana ke sAtha hI kavi pAnDava kA eka citra hI prastuta kara detA hai| varNana bahuta hI sajIva hai: sahajati nisvama sva ca paMcai rAjakumAra tahaviha mAyaDiya raliya lagi karaviya siNagAra ahe kArAviya sigArU sAru siri maU chabakkar3a kusamahi sehara sumara pariya bahurgaMdhi bahukakara kA nahi kuMDala ugamagaMta lahalaha lahakatA kaMTha kadala vilasati hAra phalaphala phalakaMtA tilau aMlakiya bhAvavaTTa paTTasya sAraT kaDihi kaTArA phAmargata hAthihi hathiyArA jayakuMjara siMgAra sArakhe gupahi girA durier laya bijjahariya baTukA bhoM ke rAla meM DUbakara kavi ne nAriyoM kA varNana kiyA hai|doN kI anuprAsAtmikatA aura dhvanAtmakatA iSTavya hai jo kAvyapravAha meM vRddhi karatI hai| bhASA kI saralatA aura alaMkAroM kI chaTA kAvya kA prasAdika banA detI hai: : 1- yA grantha pR0 43 1 aas arrea ki kimIya ranikamisAra safe cAra mani daMDamava paDiyama phulakAra ahe maDiyama makAra sAramaNi ne urayAlI sure kasa kasa kavivAvara phAlI *mana ma ta uri uttama bolI ot ~~~~) paTavIDI

Page #461
mRgamada mayavaTa kumama bhAra siritilau saraMgI nayapAhi kAjala reha vayaNi bola sucaMgo *caNa kunDala hAradora maNi mauDa siMgArI paMcakumara paThahi garyadi vyaya bayasArI / varNana kI dhvanyAtmakatA kAvya ko nAdAtmaka banAtI hai|vsNt varNana prAsAdika bana par3A hai| yAdavoM ke sAtha pAnyavoM kA kIr3A vihAra varNana bar3A svAbhAvika hai| kavi ne phAya kAvya meM nRtya krIr3A aura khelane kI miyA ko bar3A mahatva diyA hai| saH phAga ko madhu ritu kA ullAsa pradhAna kAvya nAmadenA sArthaka ho jAtA hai| gaMgA yamunA ke aMtarAla meM jAkara kulagiri parvata kI banazrI kA varNana madhurita. varNana ke kroDa meM karatA hai| aMtarAla jaise tatsama zabdoM kA prayoga ullekhanIya hai: tauhathiNAra sagaga talla ucchava maijAi iNi avasari kirikoDa dhariu Aya ratirAi tara tihi mAsa vasaMti rAi Aisi para loyA jAdava pADava kumara save khelai supamoyA khela khelata rAyamara aMdeuri juttA maMga jabANi naba aMtarA li kuhAgiri saMpattA eka mugiri raliyAvaNa banava vasaMta paDUtI banarAjI rAjI vANi parimala biyA bAno bahe parimala biyA bahUta buddha ravirAra paThAvaLa saha gahagaha sabala lora sAhi mirivANi bhAvita kivi suravara kiSivAsa keSi dUra bAI kivi badana kappara gadhi bisi mahala mAlI kivi vIpI maba asama ke-vimuMbai vara mAlahi kivi kA rasi ramA kevi vA baratAlahi kimi nAbA narama kaivi kahAdhihi phAgoM kiviyativanamAmi aDiyavara rAmo jAtIya kAmatAprAcIna kAbADAmA sarA045-46 - - A

Page #462
alaMkArika varNana karane meM bhI kavi kA kauzala svAbhAvika hai| eka udAharaNa paryApta hogA: ahe paga paga nava nava saMmi raMgi naccatai pAuli hAva bhAva siMgAra sAra nava naTa rasAu li jimi nAcaNi tarala raMgi loyaSa lahakAbai 'timi vima mANasa kavaNa mAtra sura sagUgaDa Avaddha ra jinapadma ke sthUlimaha phANu kI mAti hI prastuta kAvya rasamaya hai|naagrikoN kA rAjA kA svAgata, bhI tatkAlIna sAmAjika prathA hai jisakA kavi ne varNana kiyA hai| kavi nai 14 kar3iyoM meM phAgu kA chaMda rAjezavara kaineminAtha ke phAgu kI bhAti hI raksA hai| prastuta phAga dUhA aura rolA meli sA gayA hai| bhAsa zabda sama vibhAjana paraMparA kA sUcaka hai| kavi ne racanA kA prAraMbha binA maMgala caraNa ke hI kiyA hai| yaha jaina racanAoM meM pahalA hI udAharaNa hai| prastuta phAga vastutaH 15vIM zatAbdI ke mahatvapUrNa urmikAvyoM se hai| 1. vahI .

Page #463
:: bharatezvara bAvartI phAga :: (ajJAta)-saM0 1500 ke AsapAsa bharatezvara bAhubalI rAsa ke bAda phAgu kAvyoM meM bharatezvara ke jIvana para likhe bhAvi kAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya meM bahuta thor3I saMkhyA meM kAvya milate hai| bharatezvara vAvartI bhAga paisI hI apraziddha kRtiyoM meM se eka hai| prastuta kRti mI zrI agaracanda nAhaTA ke saMgraha meM surakSita hai| isI kRti kI eka prati gujarAta vidayA samA baDodA kI eka saMgraha pothI meM bhI milatI hai|' paratezvara cakravartI phAgu meM kavi ne parata ke vaibhava kA varNana kiyA hai| aba taka upalabdha paratezvara bAhulabalI rAsa meM bAhubalI aura paratezvara kA pArasparika dRkda-yadha varNana hai parantu prastuta phAgu meM kavi ne paratezvara kA aizvarya varNana kyiA hai tathA kavi ne ayodhyA nagarI kI rAjyatrI aura rAniyoM sahita maretazvara kI vasaMta kIr3A kA kAvyAtmaka varNana kiyA hai|praarmbh meM kavi ne parata ke bhogoM aura ama bhAvanAoM tathA rikti aura kaivalya prApti kA sAdhAraNa varNana kiyA hai| ina phAgoM ke basanta varNanoM meM paryApta sAmya hai parantu bhASA va kAvya kI dRSTi se pratyeka racanA apanA vaividhya prastuta karatI hai| kavi ne parata caritra ko phAya kA ma diyA hai tathA cAmatkArika varNanoM dvArA kati kI racanA kI hai|phaagu kA racanAkAra bAta yaha kRti bhI dohA aura kA hai aura pUrva barSita pulottama pAca pAnDava kAya se pAca meLa bAsI hai| pUrI racanA kavi ne 4 mAsa meM likhI hai| kRti ke kucha kAvyAtmaka sthala nimnAkti hai| parasa kA aizvarya varNana: kaMcana kA nAda vimoIvI sevara bizapAI purakhAla bAlavA bAlai basa cAmara bAgI bI muhara vimila kiri gamAvApI rApI di sahasa bAsa mAhi iMdrANI 1- prAcIna kAma prA. DA. DesarA Yoxe:48 1.samaya jaina bAyapothI .149 patrAne. 290-12 - prAcIna kA .. //

Page #464
hayagaya julasIlavasa, jaksa khecara jasa kiMkara, hAsa kAsa saMkAsa jAsa jasu gAI kinara vAru khelI vesa bAla pahiravi vara colI jama Agai nAcati raMgi bahu maMgahi bholI kavi ne prakRti varNana aura basaMta zrI kAvarNana na karake apanI prakRti janya bahujAtA kA paricaya diyA hai| nAma parigaNana kavi ne khUba karAyA hai| kAvya pravAha paryApta hai| anuprasA, yamaka utprekSA sabhI dRSTavya hai| Aviya mAsa vasati saMti so caDaya rivADI pekhaya caMpaya jaMbu aMDa taru phUliyabAr3I vihasiya tihi macakuMda kuMda araviMda apAra 'niramala parimala mahamahae sevaMtrI sAra phUliya savi vaNarAya vAya vAyaMtI lahakA capau caMpai avara sIma niya parimala bahakai kevai sevai bhamara deva devi jimaraMgi vimala sarasa phala raMgi caMga lAgai nIrigai caMcala pallava hAdhi sAthirimAna saMvAra koyala kAmapi bhAravApi sahakAra karei rAtA ke muba phUliyasohA ravi priya saMga gANe navaraMga pATar3I boDhI bana siri mi beDala veli amUha pa rasa melA mIla karabakA vikAsa kAma sakarana bIDa bAra ra apAra bAra puSi barapA kAlA vADina phUla puraMga aMga vizu meSa nihAla paMcara cAri vidhi koyala vAnte basa sirI ciridhi aMdhikaba mamaramarmata

Page #465
430 aruNI kamI varuNa citta uhaNI jima moDai sivAra siMdUra pUra kirivana sirisoDA kAliNi kAmiNI rAjahaMsa kAmiya mi mAi nava pallava ahasoga soga vihiNi maNi ApAi komala kUpala pahiya citita karavAla namAlo rASai sirasija mayaNarAya phira phala mayA vilo . ukta prAsAdika varNana ke atirikta kavi ne gaMdhasAra, dhanasAra, caMdana, kapUra Adi ke aMga rAsa, yauvana vilAsa Adi saba kA varNana sarasa 'kyiA hai: ArAmiya ArAbhi nAma sAbhiya bolAvaya vimala komala kaliya phUla amUla aNAvaha kumasamahAra niyakari karai vi rANI pahirAvaya rayaNa mamAla visAla mAla siri pula bharAvA 2 gaMdhamAra dhavasAra mAra kesara rasa kelavi kAraha aMgahi aMgurAsa kasathUrI palavi jobana lAvana laliya deha kiri amiya kaTorI mambAuna mapi ramipriya bIya maMdhava morI isa prakArakavi ne kAya kAya kI lAvika divasAnoM kA varNana kiyA hai| bhASA sarala hai| bhavoM kI batvamA spaSTa paritAvita hotI hai| isa choTe se mikAvya kavi ne kAvya ke sabhI pramukha tatvoM kA samAveza kiyA hai| aise choTe kAvyoM meM ina jaina kaviyoM meM bAbAvIsa pAva bhare hai| racanAmeva jyA kAgu kAvyoM meM mahatvapUrNa - jAnanamahAsAsarA prAcIna kAya mahADAsADasarA 048 /

Page #466
basata phAgu (guNacavasari)-saM0 1500 kA uttarAIdha / 15vIM zatAdI ke uttarAIdha meM eka atyanta mAlhAvapUrNa kRti vasanta vilAsa hai| isa kRti kA zilpa lagamaga aba taka upalabdha sabhI phAgu kAryoM se alaga hai| isa phAga kI kathA vastu na dhArmika hai aura na carita pradhAna / varan yaha kAvya AiyopAnta zrRMgArika hai| kavi ne pUrA kAvya vasaMtatrI ke varNana meM hI pUrA kara diyA hai| kavi kA nakhazikha varNana bhI abhUtapUrva huA hai| prArambha se hI kavi ne aMgAra kA itanA khulA varNana kiyA hai|yvpi jaina muniyoM va kaviyoM meM zrRMgAra kA itanA sulA varNana anyatra nahIM miltaa| yaha unakI sAdhanA va pravajyA ke niyamoM ke viparIta hai parantu phira bhI kavi ne navazikha vaisa sAmArika kAvya kA varNana niyamoM kA atikramaNa karake bhI bar3A prasAvika kiyA hai| kAya zilpa ke rUpa meM yaha rakamA eka mor3a prastuta karatI hai|vsNt varNana aba taka yahayapi phAgu kAvya kI lAkSaNika vizeSatA mAnI jAtI rahI hai parantukevala mAtra vasaMta varNana hI phAgu kAvya kA pradhAna tatva nahIM thA usake sAtha kyA tatva zrRMgAra rUpa tathA nakhazikha varNana bhI milate rahe hai| prastuta kAvya meM kavi ne kathA vatva kI ekadama upekSA kI hai tathA vasaMta phAga meM madhuritu ke Ane para saMsAra ke manuSyoM ke sAmAnmata: AlhA auratasyAha kA citrAtmaka aura utkRSTa varNana kiyA hai| azAta jainabara kavikRta barvaca vilAsa kAvyoM jisa prakAra vasata ke prasAvika citra hai jIka isI prakAra kavi zrI zugacaba mari ne vasaMta kAgu meM madhumAsa kI vasantrI , kisalayoM kA ilAvA svarupa, malayAnika kA maubhikha mAna, kobala kI mAdhurI aura mArakA sammohana aura mAriyoM ke samakSa aura ullAsa gAna kA sacA cina kiyA hai| prastuta kAvya kI prati ghATaya ke kesarabAI jJAna meM vira meM surakSita hai|'prti kahIM lenakA spaSTa nahIM hai| kAvya kA kattI guNacaMda mUri mI bahuta nizcita nahIM hai kyoki nI aura 15vIM batAbdI meM gupacaMdrasUri nAma ke do kavi bAbA ho cuke hai ina vonoM meM se kRtikA racanAkAra kauna hai yaha -prAcIna kAmu prahaH DA. bADesarA pu. 55-56 1- bahI

Page #467
432 kahanA bar3A kaThina hai / parantu yaha to nizcita hai ki racanA kA karatI donoM guNacaMdasUra meM se eka hai| kucha bhI ho, donoM kI hI sthiti asaMdigdha nahIM hai| yo mAyA kA rUpa, chaMdoM kA prakAra, zabdoM kA cayana aura varNana kI paddhati ke AdhAra para yaha anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki yaha kRti 15vIM zatAbdI ke uttarAdha kI hai| yaha bhI saMbhava hai ki yaha vi0saM0 1500 ke AsapAsa yA bAda kI racanA ho para saM0 1500 vikrama ke AsapAsa kI anumAna kara lene para yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki zrI guNacaMdasUri 15vIM zatAbdI ke uttarAdha vAle hI rahe hoge| jo bhI ho kRti, bhASA bhAva, chanda, rasa, kAvya aura alaMkAra sabhI kSetroM meM mahatvapUrNa hai| jisakI ullAsa pUrNa anubhUtiyoM kA parizIlana Age ke pRSThoM meM saMkSepa meM prastuta kiyA jAtA hai| kavi ne 16 kar3iyoM meM hI kAvya kAsarasa varNana prastuta kiyA hai| vasaMta varNana: a phAguNa phalIabIjoraDI puhatala mAsa vasaMta vaniyana tara kUpalA kesUka sama anaMta kAmaNi kAriNi mamarala bhamatu mAmi rAti kAcI kaliya meM modI modI nava navi bhAti erer kulI afta lI parimalarahiNu na jAi bAli mobAna prIya gaDa tu isa hIvaDe na mAi ahe bahirani pIva paTolaDI oDhaNI navaraMga cIra viraha tumhArI mAilA mayaSa na sUka mIra bharata para kyUTa gati pakAuli hAra tator sakomala bAlatI pAye nera manakAra jasI vasra pADI bobaDI kAjali reha areer mA kA vi nAriyoM kA saundarya varNana aura rUpa gArbana kavi ne bhAva pravaNa hokara prastuta kiyA hai| gurjara dharatI kI svastha suraMgI kundariyoM kA kavi zrRMgAra varNana karatA hai:arthe stars akIya pari vADima laDA deva 2

Page #468
nayaSi na deI nA mora madhya ahe saravIra sohi rANDI sahidhi pAlI sIvara mAlI gari kari bIDalI mAhi kapUra / mahe mavarkadi hi mana mohIu, lakiDa lAima mAvi caturaturaMgI saMvarI pUri kerI nAri pAi kari sabi marAThI soraThI avi pujANI barmata tanI rasi khelatI prIya pati kavisamAmi mAliyA bar3a tebar3I sarovara kerI pAli pAli malTI paTolakI kI li sarovara mAhi momIna kAmini na pInU navasara hAra kInI bAjati revar3I pInI mAcI mAta sIpa parI pari pApIya loTizi binA choDa mA sirIsI gorar3I dApi ati dhaDa mora Ahe hIrakhA vahari pUjIu kiyA sivarAti gorI na sari pArIdIDa ni rAti jomahari yaha bArAI mAbi gAya virAki morI ma mAri bAharI balarAti "mAsI kavi vAka kI parAga bilarita kA prayoga kiyA hai| kA kavi meM kAmu kA deva liyaa| vimeM raMparelI, bavaMta kIr3A aura nAmada kI pradhAnatA :goDA bI adhikAra mApA aniniri mama pisorI / isa bAra sAlI garAI rAyagayoM kI taraha kA kAvyoM ke kisI paNina ne kara mayA thaa| basa kA isa prakAra jilA pariSana kA prabhAva hai| nA choTI hai para mArapUrNa hai| kavi ne maNi mAravAra kA prAmAdika varNana kiyaa| -

Page #469
434 1 neminAtha kA Oooooooooooo (jayazekharasUri ) saM0 1460 / neminAtha phAgu nAma se aneka racanA 15vIM zatAbdI meM upalabdha hotI hai| bahudhA una saba phArgo kI kathA vastu meM AMzika antara hI parilakSita hotA hai| saM0 1460 maiM zrI jayazevara sUri racita neminAtha phAgu milatA hai| | 15vIM zatAbdI ke uttarArddhaya meM milane vAle lagabhaga sabhI kAryoM meM yaha kRti utkRSTa aura maulika hai| mASA, alaMkAra aura chaMda sabhI dRSTiyoM se yaha mahatvapUrNa hai| yaha racanA prakA vita hai tathA prabandha zailI meM likhI gaI hai| varNana zailI meM eka vicitra pravAha hai / (jayazekharasUri svayaM saMskRta ke acche AcAyoM meM se the| kharjara rAsAvalI meM isa samaya kRti kA sampAdita pATha prApta hai| '' neminAtha phAgu 57 chaMdoM meM likhI eka proDuracanA hai jisameM kavi kI alaMkArika paddhati aura varNanAtmaka bhAvapradhAna paddhati ullekhanIya hai| racanA meM neminAtha aura rAjamatI kA jIvanavRta hai| phAgu kRti hone ke kAraNa kavi ne vasaMta kA varNana bar3I suSamA ke sAtha kiyA hai| prArambha meM kavi ne guru ke Adeza kA ullekha kara nemicarita likhA hai| dvArikA kA paricaya kavi ne prAraMbha maidiyA hai: dIpaI jiNi jina maMdira maMdara vivara samAna fies fafe fafe DATaka hATa kaDraMka vimAna nadiI dhi thAmiya vAcI avara mArAmi maNima paNa saMpUraya pUriya dvArakA nAma 1 ukta uddhRdharaNa meM DATa kahUM ka vimAna prayoga ullekhanIya hai| bAlaka neminAtha ke parAkrama kA paricaya kavi eka hI baMda meM de detA hai| udharaNa kI pratyeka paMkti mai damaka aura AvRtti anuspaSTa hai 1- gurjara rAbAvalI -nAyakavAda prAcya sIrIja- sI0 18 pR0 65 /

Page #470
435 saMkha iliI jiNi pUriya bhUriya harimani jaMpu Tola Talakkar3a raivata daivata mani AkaMpu sAraMga cApa caiDaviya uviya bAhu nai prANi hari helA hI Doliya toliya tara bahu prANa tribhuvana nAthaka jJAniya mAniya varu saMsAra nemi na yauvana parigae araNaya dharaI dasAra kahaI kahAvara te jima teji manohara nADu 1 tima tima kimaI na mAnai e mAnai mani ati bADu kRSNa kI spardhA hI neminAtha kI vivAha ke lie prastuta karAyA gyaa| kavi ne phAgu nAma sArthaka karane ke lie vasaMta kA bar3A sundara varNana kiyA hai mahata aura nRtya aura taruNI dala kA prAsAdika varNana ullekhanIya hai : ramai ramApati roNiya ANi ApaNa pAi tINi ulaI navi dIpai e dIpai e jJAna prakAsi ta avatariu ritupati tapati su manmatha pUri jima nArIya nirIkSiNa dakSiNa melhas sUri kIjas avasari avasari navarasi rAga basaMta tamI I dala dIThA rasa sArasa bhamai saMta oes arenikaMdana vaMdana fee for nAtha mAriya nAriya navA taka ritu rAja kA zubhAgamana DubA, mauvana kI tUphAnI dizA aura pramAda usake sAtha the| sUrya ne dakSiNa dizA ko usa prakAra chor3a diyA jaise koI nissahAya nArI ko chor3a detA hai| kavi ne dakSiNa vidyA kI nisvahAya nArI se tulanA kI hai| dUsare ma niveda meM jyotsnA kI bhAMti zveta zarIra kahakara kavi ne sundara upamA kA nirvAha kiyA hai| maiM 1- nahIM prantha pR0 66 10 vI pada 8-9 0 66 / . 1

Page #471
436 nAyikAeM krIr3A meM vAsaMtika pramAda kA anubhava kara rahI hai kavi kI anUThI abhivyakti dekhie| virahiNiyoM ke mana kI avasthA batAne vAle dUhA phAgu hai| uddIpana vibhAga ko kavi spaSTa karatA hai: caMdare tu gama mUki ma mUkmikiraNa ubAr3a koila boli ma mAnasi mAnasika tAharau pAi manakari madhukara rumamuni nINi rahaNa suhAi malayAnila kSaNa mAharI thAharI kSaNa iku vAi ekalI karabakanI kalI nIkalI giu abhimAna mAni azoka anohaka zokaha taNa nidhAtu dava jima dIThaI karuna karaNai e Diryu nikAla va damana ki mana kihIM nahIM ya citrAM ma paktiyoM meM he malayAnila) baho jisa taraha tumhAre bahane ke kSaNa hai usI bhAMti mere pAsa bhI mere varSa hoNge| kavi kA prakRti varNana bhI AlaMkArika bana par3A hai| zabdoM kA cayana aura AnuprAsAtmakatA racanA ke saundarya aura nisarga varNana kI subamA meM pUrA pUrA yoga detI hai| TAlaI e kekIhara dohara bala jima se bhIri nirakSiya nIraja nIraja kA ke virahani sa videsaka kika na ipa ti viori viraha kavi vAliya ima pati caiva jaMga koraka cora kaha jina vIDi mIThA prAha maMDaya geTa vadhAraI prIti erce parama pUjatI jatI pavana saMvAri nava raMgi bani vikasI asalI jima na vicAri grantha, vahI pRSTha |

Page #472
vani vani vikasaI veula kheu lagADaI cIti dIThA bAsaha maMDava maMDa vadhAraI prIti majAri madhura mi mIThIya dIThIya java sahakAri tava mata mAgi na lAgai e lAgai viSaya pikAri sAmalI mana anu AmalI omali phaliya aneka varSakAla vi mAlatI mAla vI rahIya sa eka ' jala krIr3A meM rAniyoM kA saundarya aura vivAha ke samaya rAjala kA rUpa varNana bhI kRti ke andara kAvyAtmaka sthala hai: gati rasi haMsa harAviya Aviya manaI meli pAThI ali hari ramapIya vimapI karivA keti hari mIMgA parI pApIya rASIya choTaI premi te hiya varaNi saneura devara nAI nemi te savi hari sata kAriya dhAriya jima dhumaMta tAI bIDiya kamAlinI ramalinIsaka pramata cAI dhasaI ti avasaI vilAI isaI abAhu adhi va saMdhAgaThI bAkI na sakaI bAra rAjamatI kA bhAra aura savA kavi ne atyanta sarala bhASA meM kiyA hai.. malA kara ki surakSADi barasahi amIrasa bANi maina kRSi kira gAviva SAmiya sAraMga pAni haI mana paba vISiya vISiya ugrama rAba gari mahIpa rAbImAvi dIpazikSiyaNa mAha camakati bAlApa manamAvi baDi bababhUgavAla zivana sukhA bAsI pADaLI samAla hiM bAkSiya praviridi saI va bhAgi kAmavi zAyi bAviya bAba pani 1. murjara rAdhAvalI. 67 2. vahIe. 8 - -

Page #473
vivAha ke lie taiyAra hone para ghara meM banAe thAne ke lie vividha bhojya padArthoM kA kavi ne kramazaH varNana kiyA hai| prata dadhi gorasa aura caMdana Adi sugaMdhita duvyoM se bane vividha pakvAnoM kA varNana dekhie: dhavala taNI saradhoraNI toraNI tasvara pAna gaiti gahillI goraDI oraDI bharaI pakvAnu saMciyai ta dadhi gorasa orasa caidana hetu kIiMphAla phalAvalI ApalI paDaI aceta ANai anucara AkulA cAkulA cAuri pATa moDa maMDapi mADaSI ADamI UpAri trATa harimana harikhi hakAriya nAriya sya nijajAti baisiI baDala huDAI bhAIya jimate pAti paDilA nIlI sUkyi bhUkyi phalahalitIDa dekhIya modaka purakIya purakIya jamatA jIha bAjA barahara cUratA kUTa tA bhAviu thAli jAmaMi ta jima pANIya tANiya ThIjai dAli bhAmA babana saMsAlale sAlaNe bAdhI pAli pIlaI pApi parimala nirmaka bahula vivAli madhura karaMbaka pari supari parIbaI dhoka mukha idhi karaI vikara viya karaviya karaI bola (...) mavAvoM meM baiThakara naimi ko nihArane vAlI mAriyoM kA varNana kavi ne sajana ke kiyA hai| ahaMkAroM kI bhArasA yAka mauSanA, vividha dRSTAnboM aura udAharaNoM se puSTa karake kavi ne prastuta kii| kavi kI glovAra bar3I mahatvapUrNa hai| kAruNika vipra kavi ke vidyApa aura dUr3iyoM ke tor3ane tathA gira gira par3ane dharane bAdi kA pani kA mArmika tathA pravAsa pUrNa kiyA hai. bavati birasAnA hA mahinADiya apAra priyamelA meM vAsare bhAmare baDiya sAri I pani dekhI bAvarI bAvarI bAvarI yAdavarAI

Page #474
439 dhAkIya dRSTi pasArivahAriya kAjala vAi rere josI jAtaka bAta karI jagavaMca vAyA karaNa kahali hali hari diI maMca lagana udhara ANi yA pApiya amDa dharabola jorAI jAI jAna mANasu na haI ve Dhora koyaTarDa sAdhaI vAghaI phUTI pAli vAlas nemi juvalikara malika te ISi kAli ima kari kaMkaNa phoDara moTara navasara hAra aMgi niraMtara saravatI karavatI jima jaladhAra ( pR0 73) isa prakAra kavi ne kAra ko nirvedAnta samApta kiyA hai| bhASAgata praur3hatA phAgu maiM jayasara yUrikA yaha kAvya kA kAvyoM meM sabase adhika mahatvapUrNa hai| kavi ne kAvya ko geya banAne ke lie hI isameM antarmamaka prayukta kiyA hai| aMtaryamaka kA prayoga vasaMta vilAsa evaM jaMbusvAmI phAga aura bhI maikanaMdana ke pArzvanAtha phAgu aura ratnamaMDana gaNi ke nArI marAThA Adi kRtiyoM meM bhI hai| isameM yamaka virAma se pUrva 4 mAtrAoM kA aura virAma ke bAda bhI 4 mAtrAoM kA hai| vasaMta vilAsa meM bhI isI prakAra kA aMtaryamaka hai| yaha dUDhA kA hI eka dUsarA rUpa hai| vastutaH kavi ne kAvya meM tejI gati tathA mevA ke lie hI isa baMda kA prayoga kiyA hai| isa prakAra prastuta kRti meM kavi saMskRta kA vizvAna hone se chaMda kA kapa garma bilAsa se adhika vi thii give a short has also the a antaryamaka 3. It moms there is no food tom for the compond ttom of phAgu But the present has and is found in averal other phages of **** It was a form bering an to give rapidity and effect Valle sing The moral o of 12 Matras Taking the last syllabie to be a long en net hat bem carefully all through to annel tnod to bol ove Chat vasantavilAsa With 34-74+ of the same type. It is the variation o By redoing 13 Matras to 13 Katras with a short sylla end of the first work to be followed & Bort of rising rapidity is anislaved and the panse effect is minimised. But as remarked previously the s ffect alone has counted with the poet under the infintion of Gala Poetry of the time to the deteniment of each prosodio metrical form. Let me take one story instances Iatra 24

Page #475
yasa prakAra pApA kI saralatA, varSana kI praur3hatA AlaMkArika yojanA pundara dRSTAnyobhUktiyoM kyA vividha varNanoM se kavi kI kAvyapratimA sarvatra parilakSita hotI hai| kAya kAya ke lagabhaga sabhI lAmika tatvoM kA kavi ne vivecana kiyA hai| bhASA meM prAcIna ndiI ke ma dekhane ko sarvatra milate hai| prAcIna rAjasthAnI bA nI gujarAtI ke zavoM kA pUrA pUrA prabhAva hai| kavi ne kRti meM aneka sAmAjika rIti rivAjoM aura zanoM kA sundara 4 varNana kiyA hai| vastuta: bhAva aura kalA donopoM kI dRSTi se yaha kRti bhayAvadhi upalabdha kAvyoM meM sarvazreSTha prabaMdha hai| - - - - - - - - In the above three syllables are to be taken as short thonghinarettonline they are.lomg. This.poom. howotor has not so much moftored from Prosodio contand nation 9basata vilAsa hasmftored. Thomash thopanse after 12 A11 is intended to be shortened, in PH MIAST there are cases where it is lengthened and even a syllable for w ical effect is part in between. Naturally it dependa vypon how the song is popular. The mo popular a song bocomos, the prosodic contamination hon it is written by scribes. The present y porn is written by & poet who vas a Sanskrit poet of distinction and naturally the pretting of metrical form is more pubserved in this thirthade In basaMta vilAsa- dekhie gAyakavADa bhAriyanTala sIrIja. puSpa-18,prastAvanA 503

Page #476
441 | devaratna sUri kAma 88888888335555555 (devaratnasUri ziSya) saM0 1499 devaratnapUri kAma eka sundara aitihAsika baiMDa kAvya hai| yaha racanA saM0 1926 meM hI muni jinavijaya jI ke dvArA prakAzita kara dI gaI thii| kRti kA racanA kAla saM0 1499 hai etihAsika tatvoM kI dRSTi se bhI yaha kRti mahatvapUrNa hai| kavi kI isa racanA meM kAvyAtmaka sarasatA kA vItva pravAhita hotA dI par3atA hai / kavi ne lAthamika prayoga prakRti varNana, AlaMkArika yojanA, rasAtmakatA, aura dhvanyAtmakatA Adi aneka guNoM se yaha kRti 15vIM zatAbdI ke uttarAdha kI phAmu racanAoM kI bahuta mahatvapUrNa kRtiyoM meM se eka hai| ke devaratna sUri phAga kRti kA vastu zilpa bhI aba taka varNita phAgoM ke kyA vipa se bhinna 1 kA ullAsa naya anubhUtiyoM kI krIr3A hai| yaha madhuri kA zrRMgAra hai| AlhAdakArI pAva vyaMjanA meM DUbakara jisa taraha mAnava apane isa dUsa kUla kagAroM maighUmane aura utarAne lagatA hai usa samaya usakI rAgAtmaka pravRttiyAM aura adhika sajaga ho uThatI hai aura usakI abhivyaktiyoM meM eka navonmeSAnIti kA pravAha samA jAtA hai| ataH yahI abhivyakti anubhUti kI utkaTatA lekara hamAre sAmane phUTa par3atI hai| devaratnari kAma aisI hI racanA hai jisameM kavi jIvana kA nivAra mAra nimaya kAma kA saundarya rati jIvana tathA devaratna kI sAdhanA para vI ke madhura varNana kie hai| mAmA aura bhAva atyanta sarala hai| kavi ne isameM atiraMjanA lekha mAtra bhI nahIM kii| detA hai ki ye purAtana kavi apanI anubhUtiyoM ko svAda aura bAnI de de| kRti kA marmana ajaya hai aura racanA kA kAma nAma bhI sArthaka hai| 1-rjara kAvya saMcaya: zrIdevaratnari kA pU086 0 muni cinayajI - bar3I grantha- bhUmikA pra0 7

Page #477
zrIpani jina vijya jI isa racanA ko gujarAtI mAnate hai| yoM yaha racanA Azika meM prAraMbhika gujarAtI ke kucha abdoM ko prastuta avazya karatI hai| gujarAtI kavi zrI narasI mehatA ke lI evaM gandoM Adi kA pAzika sAmma isameM dikhAI par3atA hai| saMbhavataH svataMtra meM gujarAtI bhASA ke nirmANa kI sImA rekhA aisI hI kRtiyoM nidhArita aura prastuta kI jAsakatI hai| kRti kI sthA vastu devaratna sUri kI kAma para kiyA hai aura koI vizeSa kRti ko prAyopAnta dekhane para bhI racanAkAra kA nAma kahIM dekhane ko nahIM milaa| anumAnataH devarala puri ke kisI ziSya yA mAta duvArA hI racA gayA hogaa| phAya kasA sarva prathama cirAulI ke pArzvanAtha aura sarasvatI kA namana karatA hai aura maMgalAcaraNa ke bAda hI varita nAyaka devaratnamUri kA varNana karatA hai| devaratna hari apane samaya ke jaina AcAryoM meM eka aitihAsika puruSa rahe hai| bAgamagancha ke the| devaratnasUri pATama meM pedhaDakula meM utpanna hue| inakA bacapana kA nAma jAvaLa thaa| prasiddha aitihAsika jaina vidvAna punijayAnaMda sUri ne 147meM inheM apanA paTuTadhara banAyA aura devaratna mUri ke nAma se prasiddha hue| devaratmasUri ne anDa brahamacarya siidhaa| kAma kI strI rati ko IcyA ii| usane apane pati se devaratna ko kAma bimohita ra sAnA me na karane kA prayAsa kiyA aura apane mitra mana ko lekara svaayaa| mona aura mAna sAtha kAma kovige, devaratna para bAlaka pi, maroM kA dhAna diyA para bala nAyaka nahIM milaa| kAma sAre mastra prayoga niraka kAma hAra gayA, aura devaratna vinvii| kavi kAvya meM apanI sthAnIya lIvAvA hai ki kisa prakAra kAma parAsimA aura mAmA ne apane bIvana ko badha brahmacarya meM kATa divA kI gati isa brahamacArI kI garimA aura bhI adhika mudhara uThI hai| - vihAki pUrvara kAvya saMva .

Page #478
443 nijina vijaya jI ne likhA hai ki- "isa aitihAsika kAvya saMcaya meM kaI kAvya sAhitya kI dRSTi se bhI uttama hai aura unako par3hane para kavi kI kAvya pratimA @ unameM spaSTa milatI hai| isa saMbaMdha meM vi0sa0 1499 kI sAla meM racita devaratna sUri kAma hai usameM devaratna ke sanyAsa ke bAda meM kavi ne unake brahamacarya kI dRr3hatA ko bar3e hI AlaMkArika sarasa varNanoM se saMjoyA hai / " " kavi kA maMgalAcaraNa hI pApA kI prAMjalatA kA pratIka hai| zabda sarasa va padAvalI komala hai: fagar gagana vipAsana divayara nayara jIrA uThivAsare nAmiya niraMjana bhava bhaya bhaMjana sajjana raMjana pAsare kavijana mAnasa saravara haMsIya sarisIya avicala mattire dhyAra mAviI devI zAradA zAradA iti barakaMti re 3 bAlaka jAvaha ke bacapana kA vamaina bhI atyanta sarasa hai| aisA varNana anyatra dekhane ko kama hI milatA hai bAla rUpa varNana bAla sulabha ceSTAeM, komala va madhura vANI Adi kavi ke kauzala kA pratIka hai| vaizaya meM hI bAlaka ke guNoM kAlalita varNana kavi ne upamAoM aura utprevAoM meM bAMdha kara kiyA hai: nirmala niage kamas vivAyara vAyarasa gaMbhIra anudina nava nava bhAI manoratha rathavara bAradhi para re efeat mAnasa saravara haMsI risIvare pyAra mAvi devI vArada zArada uvara kavi hai 3 bAlaka ko dIvA dI gaI rAmrotsava hue kAma mAye aura bele ge| zrI jayAnaMvari ne unheM dIvita kiyaa| pATana meM isamAlhAdakArI mahotsava kA AnaMda 1- vahI pR0 154 2- vahI 50 155 3- nAsika mUrjara kAvya saMcayaH pU0 1551

Page #479
xxx sarvatra chA gyaa| dIkSita munivara an brahmacarya kA pAlana kara adhyayana aura manana karane lge| aise samaya meM kAma kI strI rati ko IkyA honA svAbhAvika hI thaa| usane kAmadeva ko dudha kara upAr3ane kA prayatna kiyaa| varNana meM eka apUrva saralatA aura madhuratA hai usakI vANI se uttejita hokara kAma apane mitra vasaMta ko sAtha lekara muni kA mAna maMjana karake pahuMcate hai: tina samai rati priyapati bolI bolIgala, mahIvalI gaI muni bIsIyakA tuma mavi mAnada Apa mani mayaNa mahamaDaThara tatkSaNi mitra vasaMta kArita, komala bane te ni vArita ka gahi apAra * kaNayara ketakanas bIjarI, pADala kaiMsara karanI maTharI tAraNI gAIvAra * pATala makaraMda kesara Adi sugaMdhita davyoM aura sundara nartakiyoM se muni ko pathacyuta karane kA prayAsa kiyA jAne lgaa| aise samaya meM kavi kA vasaMta zrI kA varNana atyanta saMbhAra se kiyA hai| prakRti ke aise sarasa sarala aura komala thA rAgAtmaka citra bahuta kama kaviyoM ne bace hai| prakRti varmana kI AlaMkArikatA mI iSTavya hai: mari sahakAra laDakaI TaDakaI koila baMda pAravi pAla mahimA gahi mahimA muda caMdana nAraMga kadalIya mamalIya ra vAnaMda emai mama maMIi raMgiI madhukara suMda banivani mAyA mAvaI bAi madhya samIra fe nAva ramanIya ramaNIya navanava bIra samyaka koli kaThiyA tavara bAra 1 mahIpati manaI rAjai ra kumAra eka pUrva kAvya

Page #480
445 kavi ne zrRMgAra ke sAre upAdAna prastuta kie hai| abalAoM kA bala bAcakara kAmadeva claa| sAtha meM usakA mitra vartata bhI thaa| aneka prayAsa kie gae para saba niSphala / nirvANa rasa meM DUbe hue carita nAyaka zrI devaratna hari kA kucha bhI nahIM bir3A / puni bijayI hue| jitendriya ko harAnA kAma ke lie asaMbhava thaa| muni kI vijayapara aneka utsava hue| gAna hue pATaNa meM unakA yaza sarvatra kA gayA aneka saMgha jur3a jur3a kara mahotsava meM zAmila hone aneka dizAoM se Aye varNana kI prAsAdikatA ullekhanIya hai: raciti abalAbala sArI, rIsara vAlA vIra re mitra vasaMta pramukha nija parikari parikariu yati dhIrare Avi munivara pAsaha tejavi jagatabahara una saMtApa re sIla va su dekhI atiSaNa camaguNa jagaNa cApare ghaNaguNa Agama cIpa dhyAna lA kalama, sIliMga ratha bakne nAyaka jaya karane kahi tihA muni rAu, baharI TAlA ThAu bAma bATopi e, mailAI kopi pa ka gaI abhimAni kati mAni benavi bhAjapa, guNavara bAba e biMga iti bhavadi, # tima nAuDara, miti dIra mahI liyA jayakAra DAuna varSa avAra savina chAva ra bhAvi mAja ra mani vicAra Apa pacchaDa bAra pa jati samara pa pATana mohi paDosana navanava karaI aneka diti diti saMpate ana bhAvaI carama viveka gAI tihI nArIya vAkara kari nimAra sAvI vatsala saMghapaje jaI harma avAra 1- nhiiN|

Page #481
racanA meM alaMkAroM kI sTA ke kucha udAharaNa nIce die jAte hai jinameM anuprAma, rupa yamaka, evaM utprekSA kA khata nivADa huA hai:(7) mamiya niraMjana bhavamaya kI majjana raMjana pAma re| (1) sArava sasi nimmAla guNagaNa pti| (0 bA mAgAmi dIpaDa dinakara kirape rohiSi kSare vA mAhi maMDalI sundara zrI guru guruyA gumi jagatare (4) tribhuvana gagana vimAsana viSayara, nirmala nijakula kamala vivAyada mumabaI muhiI mulavaSa lana sAlaMkAra nATaka vanai nabanabaI kabaI kavitta musAra (6) mitra vasaMta pramukha niya parikari parikArita yati dhIra re () ramai bhAi bahu maMmiI ramiDa madhukara kuMda kiMzuka sampaka phophati phaliyA tambara mAra (9) muha jima pUnima sArada sasikara kara paMkaji jA sividha re prastuta phAgu meM bIca bIca meM kAma zIrSaka ke antargata padoM kA bhAva saMskRta lokoM meM bhI diyA gayA hai|' phANa saMjhaka anya rasAyoM meM bhI isa sAidI meM isa prakAra saMskRta zloka dene kI paraMparA milatI hai| kA kI pAkA batsama pradhAna hai| kavi para saMskRta kA pUrA prabhAva apAMca padoM kI paraMparA moma bameM bhI puravita milatI hai. mAyara, riNayara, moDama, mogama, nagara, dinAvara mAdi saba milane para mayakA mana, ani kA pazi kA niyama kA nimuna mana kA na bAbara kA bAgara bAdi apAra madoM sthAna para bama soMga prayoga kiyA hai| bimAbagara adhika dikhAI par3avI rAjasthAnI - ...vidyAkira kAyada: uvAraNArthapApa puNyAbaronAlibAna cA va stiyo bAramA piviniyama ucakIvikamAravA nibaTA kAmoyamA mocana vizva vidInadovAra banchau pava diye|

Page #482
447 yA gujarAtI bhASA kI vizeSatA hai| sAtha hI kavi ne uttara apabhraMza kI ukAra bahulA evaM vitva pradhAna pravRtti ko bhI nibhAyA hai:- mohaka, dIos, cAlai, bolAi, mAnis, svAvara, tehAvara lonaI, AvaI varisiI, harisaI parisIlie, lIlA, muNDa, vAcaI, saMbai, lahakaI, TaDakaI, maMmiI raMgiI, gAya nAvai tathA saMdara naravas are maMda varI marI jAgira lAgau, gaDagati, mahamati, raDa, jI, vAlA Adi aneka zabda hai jo naye rAjasthAna prayogoM kI vizeSatA siddha sari karate haiN| * kavi kI zailI kI samAsa bahulatA ke kucha udAharaNa dekhie: (1) tribhuvana- gagana vibhAsana dinayara (2) namiya- niraMjana bhava-paya-maMjana (3) kavijana- mAnasa-saravara haMsIya aadi| re aura ve kA prayoga gujarAtI svataMtra bhASA kI prArambhika bhUmikA para prakAza DAlate hai| satsama zabdoM kI to bharamAra hai hI / chaMdoM ke sambandha meM kavi ne svayaM hI padoM ke Upara kisa lie die hai| saMskRta loka kAvyama zIrSaka ke antargata bhA jAte hai| kavi ne caraNoM ke cheda ko rAmra kahA hai| sAtha kI gadai bhI milatA hai jo rAva haida kA uttarAIya lagatA hai kyoMki rAsa cheda kI prakti ke cirakA meM jAkara prathama paMkti ke prathama caraNa meM hI Avartana hotA hai dhyAsa mAvi devI zArada, vAra kara tire gayA bAra kiDa nimta saMskRta lokoM meM eka sthAna para jAnA bhI milatA hai| naye chedoM meM kavi ne ke prayoga kie hai| kAmukaMda aMtara banavA dUhoM kA DI eka svacma hai| kyoMki bAra bAra bhai kAvyoM meM prayukta hone se isa haMda kA nAma kAma hI phA ho gayA hai| 15AdI meM yahada bahudhA adhikAra kAvya hai| raMga sAgara kAma bAdi meM jisa para hama jAne vicAra karegeM, ne bhI

Page #483
448 isI taraha kA cheda milatA hai| isameM mAtrA 16 13 hotI hai / pahile caraNa meM caraNa kula da va dUsare caraNa meM dohe kA uttarAdha tathA do mAtrAoM kA gIta varSa 'milatA hai| AdolA yA AdolA dUr3e ke 11 mAtrA ke sama caraNa kI AvRtti para aMdolA chaMda banatA hai| dUsare caraNa meM 10, 10 mAtrAoM kA tathA ( 8 mAtrA kA gIta varNa) hote haiN| dUsarA caraNa laya meM isa taraha prathama caraNa se bhinna ho jAtA hai| 2 phAgu aura aMdolA cheda ke udAharaNa kramazaH isa prakAra hai: kala bhari sahakAra lahakaI TaDakaI koila vRMda pAraci pAThala mahimahamA gaDigaDiyA mucakuMda caMdana nAraMga kadalIya lavalIya karai AnaMda t rama bhamai bahu maMgii raMgiI madhukara vRMda bAra yaha bhI caraNoM kA hI hotA hai| saMbhavataH racanA ke kavarNaya viSaya ke AdhAra para hI isakA nAkarana kiyA hogaa| AMdolana:- sAraNi jaya jayakAra bhaTTa kara kahavAra zrI ca bI bIca baviru pa gaMdharva nAjima vAja manaraMgi gAI pa mAna dIjaI bahu vivAna saMbhavataH o re kI bAta kA kI maiyA banAye rakhane ke lie hai| yaha bhI saMbhava kA hI samAnArthI ho / rAi cheda bhI kAla meM milatA hai ki bholA dohA hai| yaha cheda ho yati hai hI yA savA devI kA hai| kahIM yaha carama meM bhI liyA gayA hai| mAtrAoM kA banA hai yA dUsare kA karatA hai| bAma ni bAre haiN| hai| isa kAma meM yaha bAra varaNa pahile carama meM 16016 karama meM 11 mAtrAoM kA dUhA kA uttarAI hai mITara ke pahile khuda ke sAtha yamaka kI dRSTi mAyA gAravIra aura hama tInoM eka hI 60 15

Page #484
449 sAgaranemiphA ********CESTE ( ratnamaMDala gaNi) saM0 1500 aaaaaa88888 zrI desAImohanalAla ne isa kRti kI sUcanA apane grantha ApaNA kaviyo maiM dI thI para isakA kastA unhoMne bhUla se somasundarapUri likha diyA thaa| parantu vAstava meM isa rAsa kA karatI ratnamaMDana gaNi hai| zrI desAI ne isa racanA ko prakAzita bhI kiyA thA para kisI gujarAtI patra meM prakAzita hone se yaha rakSA arraft aprasiddha hI rhii| 15vIM zatAbdI kI uttarAdha kI yaha racanA atyanta mahatvapUrNa kAvya kRti hai jo adyAvadhi aprakAzita hai| racanA kI pratilipi zrI agara caMda nAhaTA ke amaya jaina maiMthAlaya meM surakSita hai| devaratnasUri phAgu kI bhAMti isameM bhI kavi ne anuSTupa vRttoM meM kAvya kA saMsAra saMskRta zlokoM meM de diyA hai| pUrA kAvya eka sundara prabaMdha hai| jisameM kavi ne vividha chaMdoM kA prayoga kiyA hai| kavi kI zailI paryApta spRhaNIya hai| vajUda cayana komalakAMta hai samAsa bahulA zailI meM kavi ne phAgu ko vAstava meM raMga sAgara hI banA diyA hai| isI racanA kA nAma zrI desAI ne neminAtha arre kA bhI diyA hai| para raMgasAgaranemiphAgu aura neminAtha navarasa phAgu eka hI rakkA hai| neminAtha kI kyA kavi ne bAlyAvasthA se hI varNita kI hai| vimA devI putra janma kA utsava manAtI hai usakA kyA usakA kapa varNana kiyA hai| 'kivora hone para Sa kI rAniyoM dvArA kIr3A meM neminAtha ko vivAha ke lie bAdhya karanA, barADa car3hanA, kyA naimi kA punaH lauTanA par3a ke kamI honA bIra milAra bAra dIkSita Dokara nirvAna prApti hai| vastu yA kathA tava meM kavi ne koI Adi bhI paTanA pUrva mI nahIM rahI hai karmoM meM rAjya varNana, rUpa yA nava vivarNama barAva kAkA, hAmI ghor3oM kA barAtiyoM ke banane vAle mocya Adi 10 marjara kaviyoH zrI mocanakA kahIveda desAI prathama bhAga 0 12-13 2- vahI, vahI pRSTha * 10-15 julAI agasta 1915 / 4- 0 pUrnara kaviyoH zrI debAI- 40 32-33 //

Page #485
450 sabhI kA varNana kavi ne bar3e hI kauzala ke sAtha kiyA hai| doM ke kSetra meM isa racanA kA vizeSa mahatva hai| kRti nirvedAMta hai tha zrRMgAra aura vasaMta ke rasamaya varNana pariStAvita hai| jahAM taka phAgu kAvya ke tatvoM prazna hai kavi ne rupa zrRMgAra, naziva, keli krIr3A aura vasaMta kA saphala varNana kiyA hai| racanA kA prAraMbha maMgalAcaraNa se hI huA hai| kavizivAdevI ke svapuna rUpa aura nadazita kA varNana karatA hai: apana as sisteATaI bATaI paraDIya devi gaurIpIna payonDarI oraharI mAhi sarvavi pahila perAI e, gayabara amara gaIda udAra ger kapUra rasAmala, sAmala- siMga- siMgAra candra cavala paMcAnama, kAnana nAyaka eka fafa gaja-viDiva sudhArasi dvAra siri abhizeka vIhara ToDara navasara navasara madhukara vRMda suMdara abhiya rasAgara, sAgara-naMdana caMda vinayara teji dIpaMta jIpata timira abhaMga sovana iMDi gharI para kIca mati jyu gaMga maMgala ksa abhIbharata kaMThi parIThIya mATha pavana sarovara nirmaki jabaki rama barAka moDIya navi-rathamAvara grAvara DIra-nihAya jagamama mamaya nayanuM kAma vihAna pAramapi mamareDa mAdaka mati para go aura pIvardhana bar3e lAcana ke sAtha kiyA hai| kA gaThana vividha upamAnoM ke sAtha kiyA hai| puruSoM kA kAvyoM meM milatA nahIM, parantu kavi me me bhigAma kA isI kavi meM vinAtha kA vinAtha prakArakA ne kiyA hai| vana kI bAkArika ibanA dekhiya:

Page #486
kAmi guNadhara maMgala calatA raMga kelIthartha kujalIye, sAthala jujalIe kaTi jisi kaiMsara taka nAmI gaMbhIra nikalaMka, uravari unnatara zrIvaccha DilU e kusuma-kalI jima aMti, AMgulahI dIsaMti, kamara kaoNbaDI palAnI he neha boDaDIe saMga sarIka kaMTha, pragaTiu guDiraTha kaMTha, baMdha puraMdharuSa adhara ne raMga dharU pa adhara kuMara kerA turDi, rADi baDhaI pravAla, kaiMpa DAlija jImaI, jIpaIvijita pravAla sakala kI nitra dAsikA nAsikAi zuka caica vadana caraNa kara jalA kUjalA padamapa paMca neni ta suha vimaNima candra acchai nisidIsa, devanahIM yaha ujalI malahalaha klA batrIsa locana vikasita kamala ki amala kiraNu aNI Ala hai hara sesi maMDala baiMDalasita eDavAla detA dAminI kulI adhara meM, jAcI pravAlI jisI kIas saMjana paMDi Di haritA dhArA jisI nAkA bArI bIna vAlI mahinAkI bar3I bIDI kAlI ki bahumA kumAra ki bIjAi lamahI / kavi ne kRSNavanema Adi kI kA krIr3A aura DelI bAdi kA varNana kiyA hai| jisameM bAda kA dhyaM bhI jA bAtA hai| pUrA kAvya tIna beToM meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai| prathama meM neminAtha kI kama sambandhI lIlAoM kA varNana kavi ne prastuta kiyA hai| dUsarA va tIsarA bI ke varNana bAtoM ke vividha rAmaraMga, nAriyoM ke utkAra aura rAjula kA vire ke lie sajjA varmana mAdi mA bAye hai| sAtha hI kavi me yojana varNana, ivArikA varNana mogyapadArthoM kA varNana, * barAva kA varNana vahI hI calatA se kiyA hai| kula varNana isa prakAra hai:

Page #487
452 ibArakA varNana hAI rayapi aMdhakAra, DalavA pakSiAra, i k y' l k kh puDi AvAma kArapi bhAvatA dheSa, raMbha ki prAlie papiparI lii| dI nagari yuvAna Ibara-bokna vAna, anaMga jIvanI paripari padAminI mAdana para bAbI, eMTA barAbI, mokna pAvaDI 1, bArI bAkI e vivAra ma samApIya pAnIya hAri puraMga, kAtarava bAlI prata vArapA nArA borava baMga navaraMga mA patInAri, avara upama devA TalA mAraka mAri rasa gare vAre, povATa paNiyoga gari mAri akkiA bATa baTAliyana mana golitA ra pariNA-yAti mAvi ravi-karavAta jhArikArI gAvaniyoM mAlisA kAminI-salo-mona, bomara-baika bharamA pIka salArimA ra .. bha ri pAnI, bhAvI parimala pUrI re

Page #488
453 nAriyoM kA / dohada - kusuma Ayudha lei vanaspati savi rahI, virahI upari sUri re madana ramanini sArathI parimala-pari maliyA nila vArDa re subhama ki madhukara kaI kolAhala, kAila kokila vAI re / AMdola koili vizyaNI madirA -navaNI nATaki maraThI evavivani baIThI e paMthI prANa pataMga, kAla kAjala ma caMpaka dIpakUpa vanadhara dIpa kUpa kusumita kakSmI, jANe kiri taruNI madhukara- jie teha, siri vINI pa madhurita meM nAriyoM kA varNana, vasaMtrI kA mohaka svasma, kAminiyoM kA doDaka rUpa meM vRrvo para caraNa prahAra, kusUmoM kA vistRta suramya loka, nAriyoM ke kase vastra, aura vasaMta krIr3A varNana sabhI eka se eka spRhaNIya bana par3e hai: bAvI e madhu mAdhavI rati palI phUlIsave mAdhavI * pIlI caipaka nIkalI mayamanI dIvI navI mIklI pAmI pAula kevar3I magaranI pUrvI tI kevar3I kUDe vAhini rAvar3I viDiyA dolDI huI rAhI kAya ikalita-varaNa-prahArida, mAra kAminI-koka, vIyAmA vimoka kuma bhari kaI parIraMga raMgAsavAnI mAri yadi bani ma romAkura kuraka dharaI bAri ghuTaI padasTa TUi pina doSati gati prada

Page #489
454 basaMta kI jalA kIr3A moDI nAdara cIra suMdara ksI, TIsI kasI kAbalI AjI locala kAle sirimarI, sImata siranI leI sAthiI naimisbara sabe moviMda nI suMdarI bADhI ra girinAri Igari gaI siMgAriNI liyA barmata detapi sAthiI devara, devaramaNI sama gorI re pAtalI girinAra giri abAvani caMdana bAvanI gorI re anarga jaMgama nagarA bahupari pariSavA manAvana hArI re, lalATa ghaTita na pIpati kuna kumara ramAuDa nArI re jagamaga jagamaga mAla jhavA bholA kAmA nIrika ribhakimi rimamimi aura makara sarabhi nalika parI sovana siMgI mekhava suMdari sakala puraMgI, mIcaI nemi parIrita vivAha varmana dvatIya Da meM hI prAraMbha ho jAtA hai jina kavi ke aneka kAvyAtmaka sthata vasnIya hai| kavi rasamaDI kA paricaya hI yA devA : mAdI gA ki vana mAvi morI pujAmatI bArI bAbamApI rakhatI sAbItI barI bhASI naimi-vivAra- bArI yA mulIpIlA maMsiri Ana hAlI monivi rAgIbhavI vividha pAgala bhI apanI hI chaTA rakhatA hai| pahA ] parimosI parivArIja siriyA rA-ziva-paTisiri

Page #490
455 indra-dhanuSa bAkAri, valiyA Dhorama bAri maNi hIrAtI, vana bAlI saMgrahiyoM ati abhI bAla, suMdara dhavala visAla, nAgara khaMDaDIe, pAna Da kavi ne barAta ke lie banAI hue sAiya sAmagrI kA kramazaH bar3A hI lita varNana kiyA hai: saMgraha raMga manAgara nAgara iMDaDA pAna, paracala madhukara pUrI karI te karII pakavAna mADIi paNimayaM bhAjana sAjana jimas vivAha, bhUkII pakavAna zAlire vAli relika mAhi kAvya aas pUkoI pakavAna vAni cakkA dekhAurI bar3I pIlI dAlI ardaDa vAli sura bhI khATA bAlagI TADhA Dhepa dahIe upari gaMgAjale ujavale kAye kevar3I e kapUra sarase boti pAnAuThI dUlhA nevikumAra kA zrRMgAra varNana karate samaya kavi kA kI ullekhanIya hai| sAtha hI barAta meM yAdavoM kI sajA baMdara mevA Isara bhAdi kA varNana isa prakAra hai| isa varNana meM bahinoM kA TUra utAranA bhI sAmAjika prathA kA paricaya detA hai| nemi varNana * kaI kAni iti-ravi-maMDaLa mAni . mukuTa manohara birido ra mIbATa vivevA, nayane kAjala remA, dani mora, pani kuro pa upari nama bahAra, naya pavAra jima cAra, mapi pI e vici vidi bIjalI e

Page #491
baDI-paMDita pANi, vIra-valaya bhuja gaNi, bADI bahiravA e, malake biTu paravAe thAla maNimaya sADIre, motIbar3ha gadhAvaI kru ra manapAtika dhavala bhaya milisivAde IvA e momAga suMdara re baDhI pisi huI pusa / bahina bAlAThi baiThI lIlA daMga rasAire dRSTi-doSa nivAraire upari ghariTa medhA uMbara e siri chA zAyara kara sthApa #Di bihupati sI kiri ziravari cAmara dhavala lati dhavala mAI dhari cunasaha dhavala hIrAulI daMti, bhAgali avasara bolahI molahI nAca karatI yAdoM kI nA aura barAva mAgatika bAigoM kA maulika vana ve zi: 3 namAnI kA kirAlIbA sIpaka simA kyA kAlI riyAlA dezAniyAna yAni milA pAma maulA. hai yAdava barA karavA pI rakhore badamA potI tejita tA vIsI banA pANI mArI benI jI hAra mA bAladirAmA save gaye tIra ra ramApa vAjire padA vitimI mAravirabiNa purIba bAItire

Page #492
pAlarabI tarIya ratha gayaMdAvari aMbarI apana nihAlI re sA paNA alaMbasI kiribA paradhara sagharapAna hiva vAlI re aura anta meM kavi kAvya ko niveda pradhAna para samApta karadetA hai|raajul kI viraha dA neminAtha ke cale jAne para atyanta kAruNika ho jAtI hai| sArA zrRMgAra phIkA par3a jAtA hai phUlakula ho jAte hai| sArA zrRMgAra, vaibhava aura sajA usake lie sukha kA kaTaka ikana bana jAtA hai| nirantara virahiNI naimi memi kI raTa lagatI huI usa para apanA sArA jIvana hI utsarga kara detI hai|naarii kA yaha sAtvika viraha vIjaNe karai sacIna vIjana rAjyati upari tApa nikaMdana caMdana rasi vivi cana pApiya rAjati kAjati RSita dRSTi bilapati viraha vAhatI pAr3atI bhAga vRSTi pIThaI kAI nApIyA prIgaDA viraha-vikA di prANa hare I moraThA (bhoraDA) madhura ninAdi raDaI va paDaI loTaI e moraha para kAra babaI mahimi merara ra karihAra rAti virAI pUNi pUrika agara mAra ma niraMtara aparavira pati mugavAra bAna vara dezya isa yaga pAra, memikA pani videza videza vikAra isa prakAra kapi zakya ranoM kA lASika batvoM kA hara varNana kara kRti kA nAma kamati kA nAma navarasa kA yA raMgasAgara kA pUrva upaka apanI mati kI raMgIniyoM meM kAvya ko vArA apane vidhi iSTiko ivArA nayA nayA raMga bharA hai| bAkArika TA masA vA darakA kI pratyeka paMkti meM bAra yamaka va lekha bhApopAla deza pAtA hai|

Page #493
15vIM zatAbdI kI yaha kRti buma hai isake pATha kA saMpAdana honA atyAvazyaka hai| nAbaTA jIjA meM prApta pratilipi me lekana isake adhika adhika uddharaNa isalie die hai tAki aisI kRtiyoM kA mahatva spaSTa ho ske| kRSi kI pravRtti pArmika tathA upadeza pradhAna hai| nidamaya hai| kAya rAva rAmaka, anuSTapa, bArdUla kiyA aura AdolA prabhuta hai| isa prakAra kavi ne 15vIM javAbdI isa racanA vArA kAna kI paramparA zilpa vidhi, bhASA, sA. pAka rasa, yA AdisamI kSetroM meM nayA kyA maulika yoga diyA hai|

Page #494
nArI nirAsa phAga: u888888Thasakancha (rAMDana maNi) #. 15.0kA uttarAya ratnamaMDana gapi kI eka aura prasiddha kRti upalabdha hotI hai| kRti kI prati bar3odA ke jaina bhAna maMdira ke gujarAtI vibhAga meM puravita hai|' yo yaha racanA jaina satyaprakAra meM eka bAra prakAzita bhI ho gaI hai| racanAkAra kA nAma spaSTa nahIM milatA para purayA, maMDana aura raivataratna manDanamabhUda ina zabdoM ke phAya kavI ne apanA nAma spaSTa kiyA hai| ratnamanDana AvArya somasuMdara ke (tapAgaccha ) ke ziSya the| kati kA racanAkAla bhI bahuta spaSTa nahIM hai paranta 5vIM vAdI ke uttarArdadha meM hI yaha racanA tikSI gaI hogI aisA anumAna diyA jA sakatA hai| raMgasAgara nemi phAya kI pAti Avarayamaka prAsa vAle chadoM meM yaha kAvya likhA gayA hai| isa racanA meM dUhA chaMda adhika prayukta huA hai aura bIca bIca meM kavi ne saMskRta zlokoM kA varNana bhI kiyA hai| kavi ne saMskRta meM bhI aneka racanA kI hai| nArI mirAba kI viSaya vastu dekho yasa kRti sabase bhinna dizAI par3atI hai| kavi ne viSaya vijJAna kI iSTi mesa kRSi utkRSTa hai| 'vica tarA ba-vilAsa va dara , manyAtmaka hai, ThIka ravI prakAra bhArI mirAja kAya mI kAvyAtmaka sanA hai| vikAsa meM hI mAlika kI indradhanuSI apanA kA varNana karavA aura meM nArI rAjamI kI navApAraya mirAmA kaa| mArI ko parivAna karale bAnie kavi ne rAmagrI ke bar3e svAbhAvika vivArI sAyarAba kAraNa hI kRSi kA nAmakaraNa nArInirAja shivaa| nAgaDerA pU0 nAnapAvara bahIbArAhI vivAna vai. kI prvi| -tyAgAmAla bAdazAha ka-karavarI mArca, 1947 -zAbInamAja hA DA. bAparA. -

Page #495
460 saMskRta ke zlokoM para bhI to pASA kA asara dikhAI par3atA hai aura hastalikhita pratiyoM meM ke pada apara bhASA meM vara milate hai| vastutaH ye viSaya, bhASA aura phAgu racanA zilpa kI dRSTi se isa kRti kA vaiziSTaya dekhA jA sakatA hai| __ kavi kA prakRti varNana, AlaMkArika zailI, saMkSipta meM sArapUrNa likhane kI sAdhanA sabhI utkRSTa hai| pASA kI tatsamatA aura badoM kA vizuddha rUpa spaSTa parilakSita honA hai| nirAsa rAjula ko aMga kA sArA saundarya sArI banA aura zrRMgAra kATane vAlA banA / aMga pratyA ke lie usameM koI bhI utsAha nhiiN| usakA saundarya-mUrita hokara niveda ke caraNoM meM par3A hai| isI taraha saMpUrNa rAma kavi ne nArI kI apane saundarya va usake upAdAnoM kA tiraskAra tathA nairAzya pUrNa udgAroM kI abhivyakti kI hai isa dRSTi se pUrA kAvya viraha pradhAna gArika kAvya hai| rAjula kI apane bhUgAra ko kosane kI uktiyAM dekhie:teha tarNa kIali ali payakamalAhiM, parihariTa hi akAya re kAyare bara vanitA begi gama nahIM Aja muMA jamunA jala pUra, kAlina mAga nirAma rAmaha basa avira makara vi ekati rAbar3I rAhI raMga, nirAmaya dIpaka I ni pIka siMdUra zrI siri muMdhara udharai naba nirmaka, unna paripaDI bare labare manI rekara rAja ko jhADiyoM ivArA banekAra kA liAka aura rAjula kA apane jIvana, bonbA mI mA me nirarthaka sidha karanA kavi ne sundara iSTAntoM to aura bAharalA puSTa kiyA hai| -prAcIna bhAnu n sADesarA pU. 8-19 //

Page #496
461 prastuta phANu kI kyA bastu isa meM eka bama paulika hai| kavi prAraMbha me hI zrRMgAra varNana kI pratikUla sthiti rAjula meM utpanna kara detA hai| aba taka upalaidha phANu kAvyoM meM yaha racanA sabase utkRSTa aura maulika hai| abhivyakti ke kucha utkRSTa udAharaNa dekhie| rAjula ke lie samasta vAtAvaraNa hI kATane vAlA ho gayA usakI cardika use pIr3A pahuMcA rahA thA: kAmimi vaharipi sIgAmi bIMgapi pati jASi nikA kaTA parAulI rAuThI saMkara vANi tu pana ra parami adharama adhara madhura meM vibhAsi guvatI jaMgama visalaba kisalaya tiNi veDa pAthi vikasita paMksa pAkhaMDI ANDI apama TAti te viSa malili talAvalI sAvalI pApiNi pAli hAra mili mukha sAmu ki vAyukDii phuka viNi bIpi karI pahilII gaDilIya catura acUka mAri labaha ni kurSalI kubalI mahaSituM vANi kumati kara baDhAipi gavati maMtra jAgira nArI rAjula ne apane ghara nazi kI bar3I pratikUla hokara upekSA kii| bandarya ke eka eka apamAna usake lie nimaya pratiSka kI bAta hai| kavi kI alaMkArikatA prathA barasa kI ora rAja kI pravRtti mI kA varNana kA utkRSTa : kAni nuka miti bAbaI bhAI amirimi pIvari maridiekAvA kAya parivi nagi bhASa vipi gaeM hAra bai nirI mAhimapAsa payodhara mohara rahavA rekhi karavaThI pivaLI kara lIma sI mana bAmi vividha spaTa parI re bare (ba) hA sipi niSi bhaya pArakira kAlI kI kisI kI kamAnI maha jIma ne tIna

Page #497
bila jisI Apima muMvari I darisipi nija nAbhi madana rahai dRSTIvika hI, viSa gharai tei gAbhi viSakana ama jApima, tApima kucaphala luvi sevima taha tapI chADI, vADaDI DAlima vi karapA kAmipi na kolama viNu jima raMka kari gharI lii ra pAkiSi, pAkiNI marami nika vipataka viSama tathaDI jAMNDI parihari baiTha Ina pI puSa bhAna, dhAna ku jaba naI deu ami agAni sAcI racI racI pa parigaDa tima kiri jima kAphima dAphima vihA tU mUDha sAra vacana agADI yA kADiyA jina mukha sIma neura kRSi pagi lAgalA lAga lAbhyAM lahaI kIma' vastuta: kula 53 kar3iyoM ke isa kAvya meM kavi ne phANu ke zilpa aura kyA tatvoM 2 nayA mor3a prastuta kiyA hai| pUrA kAvya hI kavi ne isI viSama zailI evaM vikama vastu meM liyA hai| pUrI Rtinivarasa meM sarAbora hai| kAma kI pratyeka paMkti meM Atara yamaka mutramA barSiya humA hai| bhAvikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya adyAvadhi upalAya kAmoM meM binA kyA ke yA pUrA kA palatA hai| batva pauSa / mArI rAya ko kavi ne vividha prakAra ke dohA do prakaTa kI sArI kA viyoma vana karane meM kavikA pana dUba rakhA hai| kyA isI barA prakArAbarI kI vizeSatAoM kA varNana mI kara diyA hai| mAmA atyanta aura prANAli hai|is prakAra nArI nirAma kAma eka maulika racanA / - 1. prAcIna bhAga. gaDenA,...

Page #498
463 saraMgA midha nemi phaag| (dhanadevagANi)-saM0 1502 neminAtha ke jIvana para likhA 5vIM zatAbdI kI antima phAgu kAvya suraMgA bhidha nemiphAga hai jisake katI dhanadevagaNi hai aura racanAkAla saM0 1502|puuraa kAvya neminAtha ke jIvana kI eka bAta kAkI prastuta karane vAlA prabaMdha kAvya hai| jisameM kavi ne saMskRta, prAkta aura gujarAvI yA rAjasthAnI Adi bhASAko meM liyA hai| kavi ne jana mA ko prAkRta kAvya kahA hai jisakI mAtrA bar3I spRhaNIya tathA prAsAdika hai| 15vIM zatAbdI meM phAgu kAvya kI racanA jailI, vikAsa, bastu tathA phAJ tatvoM para prakAza DAlane vAlA yaha aMtima kAvya hai| isa kArya kI zailI se paravartIkAla meM phAya ke vikAsa aura kAya mazaka kRtiyoM kI praudatA kA vizaleSaNa asamAnata: 'kiyA jA sakatA hai| kavi kI belI spRhaNIya va samAmabAla hai| aba babana atyanta komala va spayukta hai| kavi ne prAraMbha maMgalAcaraNa saMskRta tathA prAkRta kAvya kI antargata kiyA hai| geyatA prastuta ramA kA pradhAna guNa hai| kavi ne rAsaka, aDhau, gAIla vikrIDita, kAga AdidoM meM kAvya liyA hai| meminAtha kI kyA vastu vahI prAcIna hai jisameM kavi ne koI maulika ghaTanA kA nahIM kiga para vana lI, bhAkA aura kAnu mAya lAvoM kI imTi meM prastuba ramA kI mahatvapUrNa hai| eka aura bAjI mA dhyAna dene momIra baha kima kRSi candrAvI svAdI aura panI asAvI kI gADiyoM kI bIca kI eka bImA reSA gaga kahI hai| mAsikAlIna kRSi hone hai isakA kAraNa aura bhI bar3ha jAtA hai| mAmale sAmoM vAkyoM aura boM ke bhI prayoga tatsamatA kI aura pApA kA samAdhAnamA mAlinI sAmoM ko iSTi meM rakha isa kRti kA malvAla kiyA bA | -prAcIna kAya hA DA. bADevarA-pu.10-01

Page #499
kathAdi aura kalA kathA paraMparA(Surules) bhI isa kRti meM pUrNatayA surakSita rahI hai| kyA paraMparA meM jisa prakAra nArI nirAsa phAgu eka paulika mor3a hai ThIkausI prakAra yaha kRti nemi kAvyoM kI AdikAlIna paraMparA ko madhyakAla taka le jAne vAlI hai| puraMgAvidha nemi phAga kA udezya jana sAdhAraNa meM dharma ke prati AsthA jagAnA hai| yadyapi kRti zata rasa pUrNa hai parantu phira bhI phAgu kAvya ke lAkSaNika tatvoM kA mana nivaDa kara kavi ne kRSi kI bhAgumayamA sArthaka kI hai| isa kAya kI sUcanA sarva prathama zrI mohanalAla desAI ke grantha meM upalabdha huI jisameM unhoMne isakI prati pATaNa maMDAra meM batAI / para vahI yaha prati nahIM hai| bar3audA ke jaina jJAna maMdira meM se prati upalabdha hai| kRti ke aMta meM SikA nadevagAmi kA ullekha milatA hai| puraMgAbhidha nemi phAe kula 84 kar3iyoM meM likhA gayA hai| isa kAvya kI racanA bhI adyAvadhi upalabdha phAgoM se bhinna apane hI prakAra kI hai| kavi ne prAkRta kAvya yA kAvya zIrSaka ke antargata prAcIna rAjasthAnI yA gujarAtI ke bhAIlavikrIDita haida meM babaina kiyA hai| kAya Avazyaka prAya kA dahA dahI hai, aura kavi ne isa hA ko kA nAma diyA hai| pUNa aura kAma kA anyonyAzraya saMbaMdha spaSTa hogaa| kavi ne 8 diyojanA rkhii| kavi vibhinna kAvyAtmaka sthaloM vilaya se usakI kAvyamaya praur3anA kA paricaya milatA hai| nA kI mAmA ma hindI dAna anuprAsAtmaka haiprastuta gajamAva kiloga hamArA zrI mAvi deva prabhu kI canA kI aura liIi sarasvatI kI baMdanA bar3e bharasa mommon kura kaviyoM pAna .n.ml bAla maMdira baDodA kharAbI vidhAna -mAgAsarA -1 ra

Page #500
devI devi navI kavIzvara taNI, vApI amI sArakhI vidyA bhAvAtAraNI bhaNvanI IzAsapI sAmiNI badA dIpati jIpati barasatI. paIvInatI bInatI boI naimimAra kaili niravI zAgiI karI raMjatI sarasati sarasati zubha mAni devI ya devIya jami sAra re nIla kamala bala sAmala jinavara dharaNaI nemikumAra re jA rejaNa mAraNi mayaNa viDaya maMDama giri giranAra re suranara birara bhitarita kabhita phala sakAra prArambha meM kavi ne nemimAra avatAra kA varNana kiyA hai| rAnI zivAdevI 4 prakAra ke svapna dekhatI hai| kavi ne bhivaMbara ke janma kA janamAsa kAvya meM bar3A utkRSTa varNana karatA hai: sAmI naimikumAra yAdava jisii, jADa sA sobhAgIra AdhI rAti prAI samahuI pUmi samI umAsI tIpaI kAli kAli zilA phUlyA kati yA pAlyA bAmA kI samIra bIra kiri amiTa na mAnakara mAnikapuraSadhi praharI hire mAmi banama mahotsava va pari karivAmalilA sAdara paramiri garibIra bAlaki vinAhirI siMgAra re sA hI kavi ne bhAvikAmA barSana kiyA hai| jarAsiMdhu tathA anya poM virodha aura ivArikApurI nivAsa tathA bArikA kI chaTA aura maiminAra kA kapa kavi ne sUkha cArA hai| kavi ne neminAtha ke zarIra ke maoNga vividha upamAnoM ke bAda vana vir th

Page #501
466 sAmIya vayaNa aneyama oSama vaMdana hoi, kSINa kalaMkIya dIsaisTIsa pa tapaina soI mamaDI beulI AyajI kamalinI locani jIta jImaDI jagatagauMjIvana sakjina borai e bIMta kAvya detA dADima bIjaDA adhara ne jAvI pravAlA navI dIpas se jala aMkhaDI kamalInI jaisI huI pApaDI nAsA sA zuka caivaDI mamahar3I dIsaI beu bAkuDI jo ki bahunA, kumAra jamalaM koI apa nahIM 1 kaI nema kumAra dIsaI devakumAra dini dIpatA ra ratipati jIvatA e Age kavi kA vasaMta varNana bar3A utkuSTa hai| AyuzAlA meM naimi kA parAkrama dekhakara sabhI ne unakA vivAha karane kA upAya socaa| kRSNa kI rAniyoM ne unheM jalakrIr3A maiM vivAha kase ko vAdhya kiyaa| aise hI avasara para kavitA maulika upamAnoM se sundara varNana karatA hai|doN kI bTA, kAvya yuvamA va prakRti kA frai fage AlaMkArikavardhana atyanta prAsAdika bana par3A hai: ina bacana pani hari haradIkA bAIlA vasaMta ritu kAla re afraft tarf parI kari siMha mama karavAla hai mAra mAra kApatI va murIda morIya caraI mAnaMda re ma kinaI nagara na rati rAmrA mAtA mana mare 2 mAtA mana gaveda ra baDi bhavana nariMda freferrerous nisidina navi gamaI pa

Page #502
kobAli karaI Tahakari ratipAti dali jayakAra banasavi gaDigaDyAeM parimala mahimayA e saurama kI madhuratA se prANa raMga kA paritRpta honA banazrI kA phailanA, rati madhu mAdhavI kA ullAsa, pATala kA parimala aura pramarokA muMjAra Adi kA varNana atyanta bahikaI 5 sokna kevaDI kevar3I soi vanamAhi, pahatI va rati prA pAyI mAdhvI phAla na mA caMpakalI dIsaha e kalI nIkalI pIlIya agi, kiri pa rayapi rapadIdIya navIya karIya anaMgi dIpaI e rAnA kaNayara dinayara kiri avatAra pAraNi pAuta pali karai madhukAra phokalI phalama bIjurI va purIyahA sahakAra balavaMga nAraMga nA aMgamAnaI sahakAra (kAvya) dIsaha munna bar3A kari navA mAyA hI bar3A puramA ra mana malA kAhi baravA bAmalA desI kaDikaDI mana kI, bhArI saMtI miThI phUlI vADina rAbaDI iSi mAI bImA rAThI' aneka vibhinna varSoM se kRti kI avamA kRSi I hai| vaha rAniyoM kA sAtha vIr3A, rAniyoM bhAganA maukA kA varNana, yauvana malla moSiyoM kA madhumAlamA bhAvi mI vara eka eka bahakara : maipivara bImaI bIpati sAre pokA mAma mopI rAti sI viDaM gAI re - prAcIna kA :ga. baavraa|

Page #503
468 padaminI navayauvanA navaraMgI aMgi muraMgIya nAri re kapi anopama janama moDaI mohaI saha zrRMgAri re sohaI sayala siMgAri beNi uraga anukAri siripari rASaDI e ravana hIre vahI e uravari hAra ekAvalI kAvaThI kananI hAthi, rajana gaNa aNu malAIe balAI pa melA mAthi ramikimi ramakA neura dera rasila prAli ne milara navi pIjaha e kIjai e te sahU mAli bharakalaDe mana soDaI e khoDaI e puranara Iva, lopani ci camakAvaI pa badani harAkaI eDa veSavayana sabi bolaI pa DolA ra pucatura nariva degI parameva mAnina mAniniI ciNi hAmI ghor3o' balaI mAdhava mAsa, mAdhava kI mopI milI vAlI lopI lAja sabai naye rAti ramaI kAmI pratiI mUlabaha bolaI bola sakAma bAma nabanI tI nisarI kAmamI kI loka kahAM sahI aminabI e devanI mohinI kavi kA bAratA varSana mI anUThA hai| padoM kA kAma agADika sahita kAvyoM kA ullAsapUrNa varSana iSTasya : bAmA mAnasika paET mA gadiI bhAgalA zarAbA sipa visyA dIsaI ne rajatA hI bara mIlaDArIDA maMgAkA mAmalA he gAyabarayA paravaramA devIkAre badamA

Page #504
cAlIya jAna jAdava barakarI merI deva bajAvaI re sirivari chatra camara sohAvaI AvaI devi bAbaI re aura anta meM kavi kA gata rasa varNana aura rAjula kA na donoM hI bar3e pArmika hai| pazuoM kA vadha hogA yA bAnakara neminAtha pratyAvartana kara mp| rAjula kA karuNa 'vilApa atyanta utkRSTa bana par3A hai. jANIva jIva badha jinavari padapari dhariu bArAga dhiga paDau eha sAranaI sAra nahIM nihA rAga nija vara valIu ii gANIva rANIya rAjala devi viraha karAlIya bAlIma dalIya gharaNi vIpaI vi zItala pani dAni karI karIya sabheta sA nAri dIna bacana a ji bolAe bola ekati avadhAri nAi saneha dAmina dAkhina rAmina deva tuma bina mA rAjana rAna pAvaI heva rAsI naimi vivi banI rogAminI koDA kama bArabAra marI pUrainavI nArI bIbaI vikarI mAilibharI rokidahImAvarI bAI pika bArakhI boipa rAjInAdi vita vimati rAmavi vilabAdi nipati kIya bAre basa vApi binabara bAni barasAda barasaha Inamana hare bAna kaI bImA prazikIdhI bIpI mApIre naba ma nikSIya rAjImatI rAti mani nApI re

Page #505
470 isa prakAra kavi ne sarasa zailI meM pUT kAvya likhA hai| chaMdoM kA sarvapUrva paricita hai| mAkA ke lie bhI yaha spaSTa hai ki kavi ne purAnI rAjasthAnI va gujarAtI ke TheTha zabda kahIM kahIM prayukta kie hai| zeSa saba zabda tatsama pradhAna hai| kalA aura bhAva donoM dRSTiyoM se dhanadevagaNa ke isa phAga kA vizeSa mahatva hai| isa prakAra 15vIM satAbdI ke phAgu kAvyoM ke pAkA bhAva aura abhivyakti meM eka apekSAkRta sthiratA hai| hindI sAhitya ke AdikAla meM rasamaya urmi kAvyoM meM phAgu kAvyoM kA bar3A mahatva hai|

Page #506
cauSA kAvya

Page #507
471 100 capaI kAvya -:: neminAtha baraDa :: hindI sAhitya ke AdikAla kI eka mahatvapUrNa racanA zrI vinayacaMyapUra kRta neminAtha catuSpadikA hai| yaha racanA 14vIM zatAbdI kI hai aura AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya meM eka dhArA vizeSa kI dvayotaka hai| prastuta racanA kI bhASA prAcIna rAjasthAnI yA purAnI hindI hai| neminAtha capas yA neminAtha catuSpadikA kA vRtta dhArmika hai| isa racanA ke pUrva bhI neminAtha para eka aura racanA upaladha hotI hai jo terahavIM zatAbdI kI eka aprasiddha rAjasthAnI rAsa racanA hai| jisakA nAma neminAtha rAsa hai aura racanAkAra zrI sumatimani hai| isa rAsa racanA kA prakAzita rUpa hindI saMsAra ke samakSa A cukA hai|' isI prakAra kI kaI mahatvapUrNa racanAoM kA saMgraha hamAre sAmane muni jina vijaya kRta jaina aitihAsika gurjara kAvya saMcaya, apabhraMza kAvyajayI' tathA prAcIna gurjara kAvya saMgraha Adi grantha prastuta karate haiN| ina kRtiyoM ke AlocanAtmaka adhyayana para yaha saralatA se kahA jA sakatA hai ki bhASA, pAva, rasa, chanda, alaMkAra kAvya if athA paqthatiyoM meM hindI sAhitya ina rAjasthAnI jAdikAlIna hindI khanA kA rinI hai| kAlIna pratyeka kRti apane hI prakAra se sAhitya kA vizleSaNa karatI hai| jinameM sAkira hai eka apUrva namaskAra hai mAtra dharma yA upadeza hI nhiiN| neminAtha para bhI eka aisI hI anUThI racanA hai jisameM zrRMgAra, kama aura zAnta eka ra vyAya hai| 1. hindI suna-dena tAdI kA eka aprasiddha rAma-zrI maMvaralAla nAsTA varSa 10 2- dekhie jaina etihAsika ra kAvya saMgraha-zrI muni jina vijaya prakAzana zrI jaina jAtyAnaMda smaa| 3- apara kAvyAnI dvArA lA0ma0 yAcI sampAdita

Page #508
472 kavi zrI vinayacaMda sUri kI isa racanA kI nAyikA rAjula ne apane hRdaya ke rAma ko gA gA kara royA hai aura ro ro kara gAyA hai| racanA ko AdyopAnta dekhane para hI isakI madhuratA ke Ananda kA anubhava kiyA jA sakatA hai| isa grantha kA prakAzana bhI zrI dalAla ne Aja se tIna yuga pUrva hI kara diyA thaa| abhI eka aura vizleSaNa ST0 hariballama pAyAmI ne prakAzita kiyA hai| isameM unhoMne isakA nAma bhI neminAtha catuSpa dikA diyA hai| kapar3a aura catuSpadikA kyoMki eka hI cheda ke paryAya hai ataH isase racanA ke nAma meM koI antara nahIM par3atA hai| DA0 mAyAmI ne ise prAcIna gujarAtI kI prati mAnA hai, para prAcIna gujarAtI aura prAcIna rAjasthAnI to donoM eka hI bhASA thii| gujarAtI svataMtra nAma kI bhASA kA janya to bAda kA hai jisa para hamane Upara prakAza DAlA hai| DA0 mAyANI ne isake pATha kA AdhAra prAcIna gurjara kAvya saMgraha kA pATha hI rakkhA hai| ApaNA kaviyoM tathA jaina gurjara kaviyoM' nAmaka gujarAtI granthoM meM bhI isa kRti para saMkSipta TippaNiyoM kA ullekha milatA hai para vistRta pATha inhIM ukta do strotoM se hameM upalabdha hai| prastuta Alocya grantha ke racanAkAla meM bhI thor3A antara milatA hai sthAnoM para isakA racanAkAla saM0 1353 milatA hai, kahIM 0 1358 milatA hai|" zrIkAla bhI isakA racanAkAla 20 1358 hI mAnate haiN| zrI munijanavijaya jI kA vicAra hai ki yaha racanA 0 1338 kI hai| zrI svAmI narottamadAsa jI ise 1- kArDa gujarAtI sabhA dhAvalI- 69 DeramA baudamA itanA prAcIna gujarAtI kAvyo- dvArA zrI DAka mAyANI / 1- ApanA kaviyo- zrI ThAnda bhagavAna thii| 3- jaimarjara kaviyo- zrI mohanalAla valIcaMda desAI pR0 5 bhAga 1 / 4 nitAmbara kAnsa heralaDa- pustaka 9 0 282 // 5- dekhie zrI balA kA pATana ke dAroM ke sAhitya para va pAcavI gujarAtI sAhitya parinirvANa saMgraha) 6- jaina gurjara kavi- zrI devii| 7- dekhiye DA0 nAvAnI kRta kArDa 000 61 pU0 13 /

Page #509
473 1325 kI pAnate hai| jo bhI ho isakanA ho nizcita hai ki yaha kRti vIM zatAbdI pUrvAddha kI hai ata: isakA kAla 015 saM0 158 ke bIca hI kahIM ho sakatA hai| isI kavi kA eka dUsarA kAvya upadeza mAlA kathAnaka samaya milatA hai| zrI desAI zrI vinayaveda muri ko prAcArya mAnate haiM aura ve apane hI DhaMga se isakA kAla nirSaya-jaina gurjara kaliyoM meM karate hai| isa kAvya kI kyA basna viSa meM isa prakAra hai*gAla varSa parama sundara zrI neminAtha kA smaraNa kara rAjukArAmatI) kisa prakAra siddhi ko prApta huI - yaha eka hI vAkyakAvya kI mukhya saMvedanA hai| isa kAvya meM neminAtha ke mAtA pitA aura rAjana ke mAtA pitA kA varNana nahIM milatA sirpha eka sthAna para sena nAma milatA hai pUrI campadika saMvAdAtmaka rUpa meM hI hai| para naiminAtha kA vRtta atyanta prasidadha sArIpura ke mahArANA draviyara aura unakI rAnI zivA daivI unake ne mikumaar| unasena kI kanyA rAjamahI donoM kA pANigrahaNa ThaharAyA gyaa| vivAha ke lie dhUma dhAma se bAta kii| rAjamatI ne bhI aise parAmavAlI, bIra aura sundara pati ko dekhakara apanA bahomAgya maanaa| idhara jaba nimAra ratha para car3hakara pA rahe the vo bAr3e meM baMdhe hue aneka paloM ko dekhaa| nirIha pAla aura mAya kara ro pUrane para yoM hI banepA calA ki vArAtiyoM ko bhI gira ne aai vivAha hI rakha koTA liyaa| do bhAga dona bImA karanya praayaa| ithara rAnaDI ko bhArI bokgaa| usane bhI mizvina mahimA kineminAtha parIhI jIvana vinA hai| anya navayauvanA vi mizadhA kA maI gAra nIrajA milA aura namI dekho bhAvaya upasthita ho gyaa| apane sisodiya banAunekI kaThinAI kaattaa| phUla phUla ho ge| wwe - - t-afnI rI-bacAva svAmI maroramabAma-prastAvanA

Page #510
474 pratyeka mahIne kA varNana sabhI ke sAtha saMlApa sabhI kA use punarvivAha ke lie silAvana aura rAjula kA kAvya deza aura usakI eka niSThatA sabhI kA indara vivecanA hai| anta meM rAjula yA rAjamatI neminAtha ko kevala-jJAna hone para giranAra jAkara svayaM bhI dIkSita ho jAtI hai aura apanA zeSa jIvana sAdhanA aura mokSa prApti meM unhIM ke caraNoM meM kATa detI hai| hI madhura varNana huA hai| ataH isa kAvya kI hama saMvAda kAvya kaha sakate kathA vastu maMDI hai| isI saMkSipta sI ghaTanA ko vivAna kavi ne bar3e hI saMmAra se saMjoyA hai| vipralaMbha karuNa aura aMgAra kI triveNI bar3I hI mArmika aura vicitratA kI buSTi karatI hai| nAyikA rAjula hai aura prativAdaka usakI sI jo usakI hara bAta kA prativAda prastuta karatI hai| donoM ke isa saMlApa meM varSa kA pratyeka mahInA isakA kAraNa banatA jAtA hai| ataH yaha racanA bArahamAsA hai| varSa ke bAraha mAha meM kisa prakAra prakRti use vibhinna vibhinna rUpoM meM saMvedita karatI haiM, bAra pIr3A pahuMcAtA hai, prakRti ke anya upAdAna use tar3apane ko bAdhya karate haiM Adi sabhI kA bahuta hai| baupara kAvya kI paraMparA apabhraMza se hI prArambha hotI hai| dohA tukAnta chanda hai| jaya ke dohA aura baupAI chanda bar3e lAile hai| dohA ne hindI ko eka pradAna kii| dohA muktaka kAvyoM kA pramukha thA aura caupAI sthAnaka pradhAna hai| ataH kApaDa haMda kI paraMparA kA udbhava hai| meM isa umda kA khUba prayoga huaa| ataH caDhavaI sthAnaka pradhAna kAvyoM ke lie prasiddha chanda mAnA gayA hai| kaba kI paraMparA kI bhAMti bAramAyA kI paramparA bhI mahatvapUrNa hai| Arcerer kI paramparA para Ane ke adhyAya para vistAra meM prakAza DAlA gayA hai yahA~ se hI usakA paricaya diyA gayA hai| vAstava meM bArahamAsI kI hai| sarvaprathama saMskRta aura prAkRta meM mahari yaha paramparA pI pI prAcIna 1- devi prastuta grantha kA adhyAya 7 /

Page #511
475 varNana ke apa meM isa bArahamAsA kI kalpanA kara sakate haiN| apaja meM bhI bArahamAsA kI eka bahuta hI prAcIna racanA upala huI hai| jisakA ullekha zrI agarabanda nAhaTA ne zrI DA. nAmavara siMha ke kathana kA parihAra karate hue kiyA thA apara kI yaha racanA prakAzita bhI ho cukI hai|' DA. nAmavara siMha kA vicAra hai ki bArahamAsA hindI kI hI apanI vizeSatA hai parantu aisI bAta nahIM hai| apaca kI vIM sAbudI kI eka mahatvapUrNa racanA mila cukI hai jisameM bArahamAyA kA varNana hailI agarabanda nAhaTA likhate haiM ki vAstava meM isa banA kA nAma bAramA hai jo ki racanA ke anta meM lijhA milatA hai aura kati kI pahalI pakti meM bhI jisakA nirdeza haipiMDita lAlana pAdhI ne pI dharmasUri stuti ke Age baikTa meM (bAraha nAva dvAdara mAsa apa zabda dvArA spaSTa kara diyA hai| abhI taka prApta bArAmAroM meM apaza kI yaha racanA sabase prAcIna hai-- aura isase bArahamAsA jJaka bhASA kAvyoM kI paraMparA 800 varSa purAnI siddha ho jAtI hai| ataH pI nApanarasiMha kI isa bAta kA saralatA se parihAra ukta uddharaNa se ho jAtA hai| svayaM zrI nAhaTAjI ke saMgraha 100 se adhika jaina kaviyoM ke bArahamAsa hai jinameM tIna bauthAI bArahamAse naiminA aura rAjamatI ke sthAvara para likha gae hai| yahIM baina kaviyoM ne bArahamAse vIM vAdI prArambha hokara 9vIM satAbdI ke ubarAI ki jAte hai| neminAtha pada mA ampAdikA ina bArahamAsI hai eka aisA hI bArAmA yahI eka aura mahatvapUrNa nAja kA spaSTIkaraNa Avasyaka dikhAI pdd'taa| aura baha yaha ki DA. nAmavara siMha ne isa neminAtha parapara rabamA ko apAMca kI rakhanA kahA hai aura isakA raklA .. liyA hai|jo donoM hI pAya ThIka 10 dekhie kisI bhIlavaka, parakI bagaracaMda nAmTA kA-bAraha-mAmA kI prAcIna paraMparAyA 5 dekhie hindI vikAsa aparAgoga-zrI DA. nAmavara siMha pu. 9 -hindI zIma zrI bhANTAkA lekhA 1-bhii...||

Page #512
476 nahIM hai| apane kadhana kI prAmANikatA meM ve likhate hai ki-neminAtha ke carita para jo isarA apaza prApta hai vaha hai vinayacaMda mUri (1200 I.) kI neminAtha upii| para vAstava meM aisA nahIM hai| aisI racanAoM ko ghora apaca nahIM kahA vA maataa| unakI bhASA kA rUpa parivartana to svayaM unhIM meM spaSTa rUma meM vidyamAna hai|yh racanA purAnI hindI yA prAcIna rAjasthAnI hai kyA AdikAla ke hindI jaina sAhitya kI eka atyanta prasiddha jyA mahatvapUrNa kRti hai| kyoMki pAkA ke rUpa sthA anya sAhityika pravRttiyoM ke AdhAra para yaha saralatA se nirNaya kiyA jA sakatA hai ki yaha AdikAla kI hindI na rAjasthAnI kRti hai jo patI pUrvAddha kI hai| gujarAtI sAhitya ke prasiddha vidavAna zrI kezavarAma kAdIrAma zAstrI kA mata hai ki -pUrva racita bArahamAsI kAvya nahIM milane se neminAtha catuSpadikA ko hI sarvaprathama bArahamAsA mAnA ga sakatA hai| parantu ukta racanA jo zrI nATA jI ne prakAzita kI hai bArahamAsA kI paramparA ko pUrNatayA spaSTa kyA gata lagabhaga samasta pramoM ko nirmUla siddha kara diyA hai| ata: aba isa tabhUya meM koI viDa gA kA karane kI guMjAyaza nahIM raha jaatii| prastuta bArahamAsA eka viraha kAvya hai jisameM rAjula yA rAjamatI nAyikA ke caritra kI parama niLA siddha hotI hai| rAjuka saMtapta hotI hai virA use aneka moM meM purAnA hai aura nArI apane mana kI bAta ko aneka prakAra karane kA prayatna karasI para bahI use vividha mArma kI bA nArI kA kalpa bamaraNa ko mAnA hai aura vaha punaH usI prakAra vikala ho jAtI , para usakI isa - desika cindI vikAsa meM apAMva kA yoga-nAmavarasiMha 19 navIna 1. viSa ne kliAya pavikA-kAI gujarAtI prathamAlA 61 ST0 bhAyApI ..desi bhASA viyozrI savarAma kAzIrAma zAstrI . / 4- dekhie hindI anuzIlana- kazrI nAhaTA jI kA lekhayon

Page #513
viklatA meM saMsoka hai| bar3I vicitra sthiti hai usakI para 4.doM kI isa racanA meM jIvana kA eka svastha dRSTikoNa parilakSita hotA hai| yadyapi sahI rAhula ko anyatra vivAha kA lobha kAravAra detI hai, yauvana kA utsa rAjula meM jana ava dhArAgoM meM rAzi rAzi udvega ke sAtha pravAhita hotA hai para nArI ne jisa eka puna ko eka bAra mana meM baraNa kara liyA punaH vaha anya kisI kI ora Ara uThAkara bhI nahIM dekhtii| apane saMkalpa zithilatA lAnA bhAratIya nArI AdoM ke viruddha thaa| bAramAsA bahudhA varSa ke kisI bhI mahIne se prArambha ho jAtA hai| yoM sAmAnyata: pati ke viyoga ke pazcAt hI isakA prArambha pratyeka mahine ke AdhAra para kiyA jAtA hai|sNdesh-raask kA par3aritu varNana prISma prAraMbha hotA hai aura bIsaladeva rAma kA bArahamAsA kArtika ke prAramya hotA hai kyoMki nAyaka pAvara meM pravAsa nahIM hI krte| para hamArI Alocya rakhanA ke nAyaka ne to na bhardI devI na paavs| use to zazvata pravAsa karanA thaa| neminAtha ke isa apratyAzita pravAsa ne abhinna-yauvanA rAjala kI palakoM meM sAkna hI ghola diyA aura yaha bArahamAsA zrAvaNa se hI prArambha hotA - rimami rimajhima meMha kA baranA, menoM kI baDabaDAhaTa aura vigalI kA nayanA komala nArI ke kumAra baba ko yA dezA -vilI rAkSasI hai, kATa bAgI use: avadhi gharavANi sarva deva manyA virahari miDa de! viju bhayakA rassAsi veba, naimiti dila mI baDiyama me|' aura isI prakAra vA khAragera baha viraha varNana H punaH mAdI dezA pilAya sampani rAtI dhamAlA- zrI DA0 bhAvAnI //

Page #514
neminAtha catuSpAdi kA pUrA kAvya uttara pratyuttara zailI meM calatA hai| ataH kavi kI yaha nATakIya sevA yojanA atyanta saphala huI hai|raajul kA saMvedita hokara pUranA aura sakhI kA use tatkAla sAntvanA dekara pratyuttara denA kisI madhura nATakIya abhiya bhaMgimA kA paricaya detA hai| donoM abhinetriyoM kA yaha pArasparika saMvAda aura usameM DUbA huA rAjula kA mana kisI bhI sahRdaya nArI kI mukhya pravadanA bana pAtI hai aura usake zoka, usakI vedanA aura AsanoM kA sAdhAraNIkaraNa bhavya darzaka vA zrota ko svAbhAvika rUpa meM hI ho matA hai:- uttara pratyuttara kA yaha ma kisI bhI meM dekhA jA sakatA hai: kAttiA kSitti kAi saMbha rajamati kimi huI ati * rAvi divasu Ai vilanta, vali vali vyakari vayakari at (kArtika meM kSitija para ugatI duI sApha (abhAva katikAeM) aura rAjamatI kA jIga hokara atyanta mAla ho jAnA va dina rAta vilApa karanA- he priyatama, phira mAmo phira mAo dayA karo, kyA kro| tika meM kSitija parasAmA kA ganA, bijalI kA rAkSasI bana kara kATa mA, tathA vRkSoM kA te hue palhoM ke rUpa meM AsU barakhAnA, Adhunika kAla vAvadI prayogoM kI yAda dilAtA hai| nai bhisaNI adhikina mAsa, kAka gUgala so gharabAsa imA isI saneka nAri gayo bi gira nAri (sisInemi kI bhAzA boko bA to kAgara pAmo hasthAzrama ko chor3akara kAma kara gyaa| nahIM to koI isa prakAra kI snehila nArI ko hor3akara miranAra vA sakA hai| asambhaba) 1- maipinAtha myavikA-kAI mAtI prathamAkA-kA-mAyAmI /

Page #515
479 aura rAjula punaH pratyuttara detI hai: kAyaka kima sacina micigii| gini ripi mitta sAnu nariMda purahi mAsu vA agAli nAsa bAba na milaharDa ne mihi bAsa (masisi ne raba aneka narendroM ko jItA aise nemi jinendrakAbarako sakate hai| jaba kanAsikA bAsa balatI rahegI taba taka meM unakImAza nahIM hor3a sadI) aura isI prakAra uttara pratyAra kelI kI madhuratA meM sampUrNa kAvya varSiyA / neminAtha bArahamAsA viprama zrRMgAra kA raMga-saudha hai jisakI nAyikA meM priyatama nemi ke pakSa meM palaka bichA rahI hai| AsU pAda prakSAlana ke lie hai ma aura yauvana sammohana (chibanjarmy hai kAmanAeM aura lya adhya parva AtmasamarpaNa vaTAsa aura bhUkatA kAma ke gita hai palakoM meM baMda kara usane priyAma ko mArada pararAva patha para abhiyAna karate bArA hai use dekhA hai| basA eka paTA kI aura mAge kA vAkoM meM kiyaa| nAyikA bArahamAsa TakaTakI bAra dekhatI sI. nisAmanilA maI mApauvana sUba gyaa| viraha na mAnA jIvana kI pAka medhA prI kI inTivAra kA sammona kA pAna / ameThI aura potI mAvikA rAnA--para -- para rAja maiM aura sAmAna liyA thaa| usake ghara caritra meM bhI nahIM pAtoM ke bADU bAgI baTake rA ge| na jAne Himatemvi vivasthA saba bhUla gayI mAda sA vala ne mi.- ra bhiyAna kI kora nirmama ki rAjyolA kI minAradI huI bIvana kI subamAmayI preSaNIya do komala PhDP

Page #516
komala sI soI soI thI nAkoM meM eka bAra bhI phAga taka nhiiN| pazuoM kA karuNa vana neminAtha ko nirvaca niSpanna karAne meM paryApta thaa| sAdhaka saMjAla hor3akara bhAga balA-aMgAra hor3a gayA, aura nibaMda hai pavA aura rAjula rotI rahI rotI rahI, bIvana aura saundarya meM bAra ke motI pirotI rhii| vAstava meM rAja kA vizlama dha vipralaMbha hai jisameM eka anUThI pAtvikatA hai usake bAvoM meM mAvA kI pukAna paritra kI bAna aura saundarya kI garimA hai| adhu aura sadana, basa aura andana,yahI virAsata meM use mile hai|griir meM kahIM aMgatApa nhiiN| bihArI kI nAyikAoM kI bhAti ra calanA aura gulAba kI vIDiyoM ke jAne kI mAtra bhI zukti nahIM, muradAsa kI gopiyoM kI mAhi- madhubana tuma kara rakhA hare vaha nahIM maanii| padamAkara kI viraha bAlAoM kI pAriyo yaha sUco so saMdaDo kahi dIjo gAya, babake hamAra bahIna bana hai kisaka gulAba kacanAra mI janArana kI DArana pe Dolata aMgArana ke puMja hai. pI rAjula nahIM kahatI, usake virA meM to bhAratIya nArI ke Adarza kI pAvanatA hai,utkRSTatA hai, sArI Aga va unmAda mana kI pIr3A meM hI DUba gae hai| udvegoM kA sAgara aura AoM ke strotA usake visa to prema dIvAnI aura daraba dIvAnI mIrA kI vaha rAma nAI pdd'ii| aMga vyAkula bhaI miya piya mAniyoaMbarakhevana viraha kI vApIrana bADI ho aura kabhI binA mita, milana kI koI bAdhA nahIM bArahamA gAra ke dina kA utkRSTa varNana sAla kI yaha bedanA vizva mAriyoM kA varSa kama kii| rAsvAmI yAnI vA mAyA naigi nemi karatI hai to sakhI use pUDa kara DoTI mila karatI prakSita abbala mAina vApisI harita

Page #517
481 risa rakumariyA saMsare paravi bhanera kuI pattA (he mugRdhe / tU vyartha hI naimi nemi karake apanI sudha hotI hai| yauvana bItA jA rahA hai saMsAra puruSa ratnoM se bharA par3A hai aura koI bara kara le) rAjula kitanA sundara uttara detI haiM: 1 (he sahI bahuta bholI hai, ko prApta kara kyoM saMvedita gaMvAra bhI hai lekei hote hue kisI anya houuNgii| kyA koI majavara prApta kara madhe kI savArI kara sakatA hai ?) molI kA sabirI mAri gari arthata nemi kumAri annu purisa kuma amya naDha? gavavaru hiu ku rAsabhi caDhai?? ataH spaSTa hai ki vipralaMbha kA sakala nirvIka hai| zrRMgAra ke viyoga pakSa ko kavi ne saphalatA se saMbhAlA hai| kahIM kahIM sthala bar3e hI karuNAjanaka ho jAte hai| rAjula ke AMsU sabakA hRdaya hilA dete hai: bhAdavi mariyA sara pisakarUna roja rAvala devi arjeet gai niradhAra kima udetiti karuNAvAra (bhAvava meM tAta laharAne ko rAjU kApUrNa ho na karane mI hAya buka akelI ko bahIna chor3a, he kamADAvara), imane kyoM upekSA kI - maga sahI rAjaka) bhana roDa bhIka nemi na apa hoi siMcita upara para upaniriva na ka (1) rAti DI kahatI hai- hai rAhula ro mAniSThura nevi apanA nahIM ho sakatA kA vica karogI ho sundara yinika, parantu parvata to use kahe kI par3ege)rAjula kA vizvAsa uttara sI ko kitanA saMtuSTa kara detA hai 1- me vinAtha padikA zrI mAgAvI0 chaMda 183 20 bI 0319

Page #518
482 sAca sahi bari giri bhivaMti kvii na mijjai sAmala kaMti 1 paNa varisaMta sara phuTaMti sAyaka (1) praNu paNu oDDU liMti (te sI pahAr3a pIche to bhale hI bhIjeM para zyAmala kIti kanta kabhI nahIM pasIja skte| unakA nizcaya aTala hai| megha barasane para tAla to phUTa jAte hai para samudra bAdaloM kI boTe lete hai)| isa prakAra karuNa rasa kA AtyaMtika viraha nahIM hone se yaha rasa gauNarUpa meM hI niSpanna huA hai| isa bArahamAsA kA niyAmaka vipralaMbha zrRMgAra hai sArI saMvedanA afe nAyikA ke muMha se spaSTa karatA hai| nAyaka nikaTa ho to saMyoga sukhada, para vaha to dUra hai bahuta hI dUra aura isI viraha saMvedana ko kavi pUrta rUpa meM saMvAranA cAhatA hai| usameM rAjula ke ayoM kA raMga bharanA cAhatA 1 prakRti varNana neminAtha catuSpadikA meM bar3A hI sundara huA hai| pratyeka da maiM prakRti ke varNana ko kavi nai artha ke alaMkaraNa yA arthAntaranyAsa dvArA saMpuSTa kiyA hai svAbhAvoktiyAM sthAna sthAna para suSamA lie hai| zrAvaNa meM vidyuta kA makkknA maicoM kA garjana, rAkSasI kI bhIti vidyuta kA kATanA, bhAdava meM sarovaroM kA laharAnA Asoja meM oM kA pravAha, caMdra aura caMdana kI himAnI gova kA dahakatI bhAga ho jAnA, kArtika aura mArga meM kRtikAoM kA utanA aura bAlAoM kI priyatama kI pratIvA, paika aura mAha meM kAma kA udvega aura Demansa kI tIvratA aura AkramaNa kAguNa aura caitra meM ke pattoM se AMsU karanA aura riturAja ke Agamana para koyala kI kUka (jisakI nAyikA ne yadi mi ko TaDakA karas - kahA hai vaisA meM bamarAja kA phUlanA, malayAnila kA calanA aura jyeSTha meM sUrya ke prabaMdha kA Aya aura nadiyoM kA TUTa jAnA aura punaH AAbAda kI gAja bIja, (garjana aura vidyuta kA camakanA) samI kA sundara varNana hai| pRSTha-bhUmi se lekara AlaMbana 10 neminAtha bahupadikA DA0 pAyAnI 20438-39 //

Page #519
483 uddIpana yAta prastuta aprastuta saba rUpoM meM prakRti kA varNana huA hai| prakRti kA upadezAtmaka svAmI darzanIya hai| kahIM kahIM mAnavIya rUpa meM pI prakRti varSita hai kahIM usakI rUpakAtmaka niyojanA hai| kucha udAharaNa prasava paryApta hoga:. (0) uddIpana va AlaMbana rupa meM: - vijyu kA raksasi jeva, nemiviyu sahi paDiyama m| 2- kattiA siviga ugaika 3. vaNi vaNi kobala TahakA Rs 4- mAha mAmi bhAcA hima-rAkhi 5- bAsAhaha vihasiya vagarAi bhayaka mittu malayAnika bAya .. dahaI caMdu vaMdana hima sIva ' (2) upadeza ma. evaM citrAtmaka rUpa meM *- mAsiri mAya palomA bAla isa paripakSaNa nayana vimAna 2. sasi mAmaTha mAsa vasaMtu iNi zilijjA, aiii ketu .. sakhI dukkha bIsariyA panar3a saMmati pramarara kima sama mAi 4. parisaha sara Fera moma sidi (bhAnavI bAra nAmaka - kAma vApi kama paThAna, rAja isa kironika -bhAvariyA hirA devi bivalI kA rAsI kI gAvi bhAmA, kAki vitija para pAka kA uganA, bArAko kA ronA aura pattoM bAra karanA mAvi mata - meminAya sampavikA : zrI mAgAvI. pada 3, 11, 11, 20, 21, 8

Page #520
484 rUpoM meM prakRti kA saphala varNana hai| prakRti ke kisa prakAra sarala sarala citra cite bale jAte hai yaha darzanIya hai| kAvya samApti para kavi ne zAnta ramra kI sRSTi kI hai yadyapi pRSThabhUmi ke rUpa meM nirveda kA AdyopAnta kathana hotA hai para aMtima meM hI zAnta spaSTa rUpa meM parilakSita hotA hai| kavi ko zAnta aura nirveda meM sArA vipralaMbha badalanA bhI thA aura bArahamAsA kAvyoM kI paramparA ke anusAra samApti para nAyaka aura nAyikA ko milAnA bhI thA aura apane lakSya dharmopadeza kI pUrti bhI karanI thI ataH inhIM uddezyoM se usane rAma kI saphala vyaMjanA kI hai| rAjula kA sArA saundarya vahAM aura bhI sArthaka ho jAtA hai jahAM usake biraha carama pariNati naimi ke caraNoM meM jAkara dIkSA lene meM hotI hai aura isa varNana ko kavi ne adhika mA nAma dekara pUrA kiyA hai| adhika mAsu savi mAsahi phirai chaha ritu-kerA guNa aNuhara miliyA priya UbADulI hUsa u mukalA viu upraseNa-dhUya Feng maica sakhI sai jasu parivAra priya upADI gai girinAri samrI sahita rAjala guNa rAti lei divaka paramesara pAsi nimmala kevala-nA vividha sAmaNi rAja-vaivi carfs sUri madi bAya bAraha mAsa gaNiyA kaha pAya naimikumAra sumaravi miravAri fast as a kumAri isa prakAra rAjula kA aMrmilana kavi me nirveda se karAyA hai| ugrasena kI putrI ne priyamilana ko utkaMThita ho pitA se anukSA mAMgI aura 500 sariyoM sahita rAjula ne giranAra jAkara dIvA dI aura isa prakAra svAminI rAjula devI nirmala jJAna prApta kara siva ho gii| yahI neminAtha jaina samAja ke pUjanIya 22 tIrthakara hue| ast taka nirdhAraNa kA apana hai grantha ke nAma se hI spaSTa hai ki vaha 1- neminAtha pakkA - DA0 mAyAmI 0 4 pada 38-391 OM vahI pR0 104 //

Page #521
485 caupAI cheda hai| apabhraMza ke isa chaMda ko kavi ne rAjasthAnI saphalatA se saMbhAlA hai| DA0 hajArI prasAda dvivavedI ne to Aja se bahuta pUrva hI caubAI kA sambandha apabhraMza ke aDillA cheda se spaSTa kiyA thaa| ataH yaha yathArtha hai ki caupaI kA sambandha ukta chaMda se hai| isa chanda ke eka caraNa meM 15 mAtrAeM hotI hai aura taka ke anta meM kramazaH laghu (51) jAte haiN| yaha caupaI va caudhaI paraspara paryApta samAnatA rakhate hai| neminAtha catubdhadikA kI isI caupar3a ko hindI maijAyasI tulasI Adi ne apanAyA hai| jJAta hotA hai ki yaha chanda pahale caupaI rahA ho aura isake gema svarUpa ne hI ise caupaI se caupAI kara diyA ho| anumAnataH isake laghu ke guru ho jAne adhika gAyA jAnA hI kAraNa ho sakatA hai| jo bhI ho, caupaI chaMda spaSTa hai| caturUpadikA caupaI kA zuddha rUpa hai aura yaha mAtrika nda hai| DA0 bhAyANI ne isake chaMda baMca meM gaNoM kI kalpanA isa prakAra kI hai- ve likhate haiM- saMda kA nAma zIrSaka se jAnA huA caupaI hai| usakI 14 mAtrAoM kI hareka pakti meM sAmAnyataH 4+4+4, bara kadAcita 6 6 isa pramANa se hoprastuta kRti ke saMdoM kI sthiti spaSTa hai| eka udAharaNa dekhie sahI paNa sAmiNi mana bhUri ijjana tathA na vaMzita pUri gayanemi, tara viTha kAi, gai bhaneza varuDa sagAI // 3 // alaMkAroM kI yojanA bhI prAkRtika hai| upamA, upaka, svAbhAvokti ke atyanta udAharaNa milate hai kahIM kahIM virodhAnA bhI varNita hai| dRSTAnta aura udAharaNoM kA niyojana mI atyanta upayukta hai kucha udAharaNa dete jA ramyAca sakate hai: upamA 1- viSNu va raktava 20 nahiM nemi sama vara ra 3 sirika jIvaya-mara 1- hindI kI bhUmikA- DA0 hajArI prasAda hikvedI |

Page #522
(2) svAbhAvokti alaMkAra to racanA meM sthala sthala para hai yathA - 1- zrAvaNi saravaNi kaDUyaM per3a, gajaI virahi riki deha bijDa makkar3a eksasi jeva, naimiti viNu sahi sahiya ma saca bhI hai- sAvana ke meghoM kA zravaNa meM kaTu garjana, viraha meM deha kA vI honA aura rAkSasI kI bhAMti bijalI kA camakanA kitanI svAbhAvika uktiyA~ hai| 20 mAha mAsi mAcai DimarAsi, devi bhagai mai, prina pAsa as viSu sAmiya vaha sArU, nava nava pArihiM mArai mAru (3) yamaka 486 1- rAni gati mai mayaNaha pAha 2- nava nava mArihiM mAraha mAraM (4) arthAntaranyAsa ke aneka udAharaNa upalabdha hote hai: 1- bolai rAjala tau DDu vayaNu natthi naimi sama vara raya gharas tez2a gahagaNa savitAna mayaSi na uggas vizva jAya (rAju bolI- he sati nimi ke samAna dUsarA vara ratna nahIM dI hai| meM teja tabhI taka rahatA hai jaba taka gayama meM pUrva nahIM nikalavA )kitanI anUThI ukti hai (5) vizeSAbhAva 1- bahaI caMdra caMdana hima sIu (6) bImA (0) INT 1 1- bati vikari davakari sa 1- dibhi ripi vitta lak garirda 2. jIvi Nu jala jalami , minAtha catuSpedikA DA0yAyANI 10212- vahI, 104 3- vahIM, 5031

Page #523
isI taraha anya kaI alaMkAroM ko spaSTa kiyA jAsakatA hai| neminAtha catubhpAdikA ke nAyaka neminAtha hai jo eka carita nAyaka hai| isa para auka kyA likhI gaI hai| rAmAyaNa aura mahAbhArata jisa taraha barita nAyakoM ko prasiddhi meM lAne kA zreya rakhatI hai, usI mAvi puSpadaMta kA mahApurANa meM pI neminAtha carita milatA hai| apane kaviyoM ke lie tIrthakara neminAtha aura sthUlima, cakravartI marata aura bAhubalI, ba svAmI yA mAsmi se hI parita hai: neminAtha kI kathA atyanta prasiddha kyA hai| kathA kI yaha kadi bar3I kI pracalita rahI hai| prAkRta meM ... zlokoM meM likhA huA eka bahuta hI prasiddha kAvya neminAtha varikha milatA hai isakA racanAkAla san 1955 aura racanAkAra haribhavasUri hai aura usake bAda yaha hamArA Alocya madha hai| puma nigama kA neminAtha rAsa bhI isI anya ke pUrva likhA huA hai aura isake bAda to minA barita para mA kAvyoM aura carita kAvyoM kI jhar3I sI laga jAtI hai| ata: yA meM avyAhata paramparAoM kA nirvAha sarvatra parilakSita hotA hai| ina paramparAgoM meM cakrAkAra vRtta kI pAti neminAtha kI kathA ulajhI huI hai aura yaha vRttAnta bhaneka dama hai barSita para hai| paraMparAeM bhI bar3I hI mahatvapUrNa hai| mumatiga pi ke neminAtha rAma yA bApa aura balarAma ke sAtha neminAtha parAma kA varNana unake parivArika sambandha ke sAtha calanA hai| jisameM vibhinna mor3a dikhAI par3ominAba vivAhapUrva kA saba ghaTanA varSana usameM bA gAI para hamAre bAlo kI paka maulikatA badI apuurv| isameM tulanAtmaka dRSTi se dekhane para meminAbha aura rAjula kA vivAha hone ke samaya se pUrva kA nahIM milA aura donoM ke nivAsa utsabakI kAya prArambha ho pAyA kI mokakI pAlisA usake vista hone aura pUrva tom

Page #524
488 karAvadhAoM se bhinna hone hai| prAcIna yAkadi kI draSTi se isameM kavi ne uttara pratyuttara kI zailI kA nivAha kiyA hai| ata: kathA calakara jo neminAtha aura rAjula ke jIvana para meka rAma kAgu aura carita kAvya milate haiM unakI kyA paramparA meM to koI antara nahIM AtA vaha avyAhata milatI hai para kathA-sAdiyA avazyabadala sI jAtI hai jina para hama yathA avasara prakAza ddaalaa| neminAtha catuSpavikA kI bhASA kA adhyayana bhI atyanta Avazyaka hai| jaisA ki hamane uparyukta vivecana meM dekhA hai ki yaha eka 'vipralamagAra kA viraha mUlaka komala kAvya hai ataH zabdoM kA cayana atyanta madhura hai aura padAvalI atyanta sarasa hai| kavi zrI vinayacanda iri svayaM eka mAcArya hote hue bhI unakI bhASA yojanA kliSTa nahIM hai| usakA sarala aura susaMbaddha evaM sugaThita svama kahIM pI kAdhya ko zikSita nahIM hone detaa| kavi kI pAkA ekadama halkI phulkI aura abhivyakti meM atyanta sAdApana hai mArmika aura rasa pradhAna anubhUtiyoM ko sarala abhivyakti denA mI eka kalA hai| muktiyAM aura kahAna prastuta racanA meM kaSi ne sundara mUktiyA aura kahAvatoM kA bhI prayoga kiyA hai| ye kama isa prakAra hai:.. parai maha gapa sani tAba, mayANi na umagA diyA jAba la dada savi ikka banA li milane para saba isa pala ho jAte hai| malA Ter bddaa| anu maridika jaDa nayi hu~ni, eTiba muhAlI kina sahi (he mAthi yadi mobaka na ho boyo manuSya ko kyA hAlI nahIM bnii| pana-vina piyA ki bAla nIra mAta nAna ke binA kyA jala pInA" pASA kI dRSTi kRti eka vikAsa ma spaSTatayA dekhA jA sakatA hai| nAnI basAvIpUrvIi ga tatkAlIna sAhityika svarUpa miyA wo purAne jyovo milI hai| parantu unake sAtha pAza unameM hindI ma -- - . dekhie pramukha saca kA adhyAya yA paraMparAeM aura kyA diyaa|

Page #525
489 tatsama svarUpoM kI ora tejI se bar3hane kI kriyA sarvatra dRSTigocara hotI hai| yathA- sakAma, zrAvaNa, samI, hima-rAsi, nidhari, priya, adhika, sahita, pravAha, kamA, sididha, taka, caitra, koyala, prabhu mAvi isake sAtha kaI babUda to macinUtana A gae hai tathA jinake sabhI naye naye haiyathA- savi, pariyA, haya, leDa, nIra bhAu, viSa, bolDa, kalAdiGa, miliyA, sakalar3I, roDa, barisara Adi ukta udAharaNoM yaha nimkA marakatA nikAlA jA sakatA hai ki apakSa mAga kI prathamA vipakti ke eka bacana kA jo ukAra pradhAna lakSaNa thA vaha dhIre dhIre isa kRti kRpta hotA dikhAI par3atA hai| prAcIna rAvasthAnI yA prAcIna gajarAbI - aneka rAjasthAnI zabda kRti kI prAdezika bhASA kI sUcanA hai unameM hai udAharaNa svarUpa dekhe jAsakate hai yathA- dhama, bAramAsa, kumaru,per3a, bhagaDa, caMda baMdaNa, sIra, paMDi, DiyadA, dhIya, bANa, mADI, iNi, sumi,TahakA, tu, mNdd,aadi| kucha diyAeM dekhie- sumaravi, bhaNaDa, kAi gharai, ugragaDa, rojai, bhariyA, siMciya, hoDa, mimbA, dahaDa, gai, dhaadi| prastuta anya apAMDa ke uttarakAlIna svama bhI dikhAI par3ate hai para basa mA apAra dhIre dhIre kama hotI gaI aura hindI kA svarUpa nikharatA gayA hai phira bhI uttara apazabdoM ke bAhara bahA die jAte hai:uttara apAra - kA, mAmala-ma si , appa, ram, hillI, Tre , mAmi, pariNaTB siAve. limbaI, bhinnati, Tamavini, , jukA, kuTTi pissiA, bali, pavi mAdi Adi aadi| - usapI go gvAraka-meminAtha catuSpaSikA se die gae hai vintata vivecana devara bhAvApI saMskaraNa catuSpaM vikA kA pATha.. //

Page #526
isa prakAra ukta svasmoM se mASA kI sthiti para vicAra kyiA jA sakatA hai aura rAjasthAnI katigoM ko hindI ke prAcIna svarUpoM ko pUrNatayA surakSita rakhane kA zreya pradAna kiyA jAsakatA hai| ukta vizleSaNa meM hamane isa kRti ke mAdhyama se viSaya para kiMcita prakAza DAlane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya kI rAjasthAna meM upalabdha hone vAlI ina kasiyoM kA mUlyAkana hone para isa prakAra mA badhA sAhitya ke sambandha meM aneka nAtavya hamAre sAmane spaSTa ho skaa| inakI paryApta zodha zAvazyaka hai| bapI vAdikAla kI mukhya pravRttiyoM kA samyaka vizleSaNa sambhava hai| -

Page #527
LAbhadrA satI cmpdikaa| 388ThakaThaLaka 1vIM zatAbdI se lekara 15vIM zatAbdI kA kaI rAma aura carapaIsaMzaka aisI kaI racanAeM milatI hai jinameM satiyoM ke carita ko pramukha viSaya banAyA gayA hai| aisI racanAoM meM mubhavAtI catumpavikA eka mahatvapUrNa racanA hai| satiyoM ke sambandha meM yo paryApta mAhitya likhA gayA hai|pr isakI paraMparA prAkRta aura apaza se hI calI A rahI hai| subhadrAmatI bampavikA vIM zatAbdI ke uttarAI kI racanA hai| yaha bhI saMbhava hai ki isakA racanA kAla vIM zatAbdI ke prathama dakSaka kA uttarAIdha ho| upada nAma se abhihita aba taka jitanI racanAeM milI hai unakA pramukha caupAI hI rahA hai| ThIka usI prakAra sumadrAsatI batubhyAdikA meM caupAI chanda hai| catuSpAdikA mA upai kI paraMparA para pahale vicAra kiyA bAbukA hai| subhadrAsatI catubhyadikA kI mUla prati mAhaTA kI grAma vidyamAna hai jo unne jinaprabhasUri kI paraMparA saMgraha pustikA meM se prApta huii| yaha racanA unhoMne prakAzita kI kara dI hai| pUrI catuSpadikA RidoM meM pUrI huI hai| matiyoM kA utkRSTazIla ina kaviyoM ke lie pI eka A rahA hai aura jIvana ke utthAna meM dharma ke pracAra meM aura bhI nirmANa meM mahatvapUrNa balba samaya kara hI ina kAvyakAroM ne ina anI ramAoM kA visya banAyA hai| rakSA kA viSaya vArSika mA sAbhAvika hai| prastuta bAppadikA meM kavi ne subhadrA pArita kI mahattA kA spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai| bAda satI subhadrA ko aneka kaSTa aura sAdhvAnoM ne sAdhya karane ko kaDA gayA vIsa aura dharma niSTA aura prabhAva ke kAraNa usane saba kara dikhaayaa| rakhanA kA sabase bar3A mahatva kisa aneka tayAra aura kyA sUtroM tathA iSTAntoM kA thA vi |kvi thA ko mAdhyama banAkara dharma ke siddhAntoM se bhI sAmane sanA gAyA vividha iSTAntoM ivArA zIla taya kI rakSA kA m eme devi dI anuvIna varSa .. .... . bhii|

Page #528
492 mahatva batalAtA hai| jainiyoM ke samAja meM dharmavIla-AcaraNa aura tapa vitikSA ko bar3hA ucca sthAna prApta hai| kavi ne subhadrA ke nAma se ita satya kA pratipAdana kyiaa| racanAkAra ne pUrva bhava tyA karmA ke prabhAva kA vistAra se vivecana spaSTa kiyA hai| subhadrA satI kI pUjA bhAga pI jaina samAja karatA hai| jaina sAhitya meM solana matiyoM ke varita milate hai jinameM subhadrA kA carita bahuta mahatva kA hai|kRti ke racanAkAra kA nAma amAna hai kyA pravAha kI dRSTi se racanA meM paryApta sarasatA vidyamAna hai| kami ne subhadrA ke isa varita kAvya ko zravaNa karane kA phala navakAramaMtra kI prAti bhAga lika aura utkRSTatama batAyA hai 11-01 thA kI sarasatA kA nirvAha karane meM kavi ne ameka sundara dRSTAntoM kA sahArA liyA hai tathA vibhinna anyAoM kA sahArA liyA hai / racanA kI kyA kA saMkSipta dhAra isa prakAra : subhadrApA nagarI ke jaina zrAvaka kI putrI thI usakI sAma nArAyaNa kI upAsanA karatI thI aura subhadrA pArzvanAtha ko mAnatI thii| sAsa ne usako jaina dharma zalAkara nArAyaNa kI upAsanA karane kI bAdhya kiyaa| para vaha aDiga rhii| donoM meM isI bAba ko lekara anabana rahane lgii|ek bAra subhadrA ke yahI paka jaina muni bhaaye| unakI bAra dinakA isa bAne se pAnI kara rAti bhAvarika ho subhadrA ne puni kI bAla mana ko nikAla diyaa| bAra ko yaha acchA nahIM lamA usane usa para bArita sambandhI liyA doSAropaNa kiyaa| subhadrA meM isI kalaMka mAlatIna upavAsa karake rakhA makAra maMtra kA jApa kiyaa| zamana devI prakTa huI zAsakahane para usane apane satItva kA paricaya nikA devI kI kRpA se nagara ke banda pracItI vAroM ko bolanaramA bane sUbara se calanI meM bhara kara kUra ke pAnI nikara diyA aura apane satItva ko sidadha kara dikhaayaa| rAjA ne nasako basammAna diyaa| bAda meM bhI atyanta usako punaH ghara meM sthAna diyaa| yA kA sAra yahI hai| kavi ne isI kyA isa ko ropAI meM vikasita

Page #529
prastuta kAvya ekavarita kAya hai jisameM kavi ne subhadrA ke caritakA phala tathA sarasvatI vaMdanA ko prArambha meM hI spaSTa kara diyA hai: kara hoDa nayA giranAre kA dInhai sonA pAre aMka lavi navakArihi mihi ta phala sumadA parivi purNi diyA dAnA parisana prA. subhama mahA mA lAsapa kamAi pahilI sarabatI bI mA lagI basaNA taha dekha mamamI bAsu pasAi kavitu para pAnA carita sumadAsa cepA nagariya kA vicAro, mada mahAsaha niva manAo (1) subhadrA kI pArzvanAtha kI upAsanA ne sAsa kI kopAdhina meM dhuta kA kAma kiyaa| puni Agamana para subhadrA kA pakti bhAva se usake pakSa meM se dinakA nikalane kA avasara pAte hI usane se kA ikaranA caahaa| kavi ne isa ghaTanA ko mAlaMkArika pravAha meM lokoktiyoM aura muhAvaroM kA prayoga sarasa bhASA meM prastuta kiyA hai| pApA kI saralatA, abhivyakti kA pravAha tathA zava bhayana dekhie: saMbha ki pADU akhara eho jiNavara saga ma acchA dekho ko vihi zAna para balA vAmana bibAri DakA mAtA zani pariva rokha pAhovi baDhAbisa boso pikA pArAmA, avinA vA anugaDa hara nanisa, bIe visvA bahAva para * indriya vivi maliyana pAva, gayA ki appA samiti yAni kA beDa bhAga pAbAbo pArera bAra bAra bAra piyara piDiya iNi sonavila kara kha dukha ziva purae iNi garamA nabariya virahana gAeM marikA pAriMzI suSabA vIra asA mAnA nibaMTI bAki dhaniyA baha viraMcI kI birayo, apanA vibhiSi sima

Page #530
sAsU itI jImata baiThI, trima liyaMtI subhadrA dIThI vikalapa badhiyA pannaDa mAhiM bar3I rahisika pIhari gahe subhadrA e mA mApati mAra nIThaka vayaNa ki sAgara jAe kavASi kA ji tumDa kInha romo ahaha kAra caDhAkiDa doso babA deva guNA navakArA nIra galatI trini ne vArA mahAi mahasai kaha na mAra, pAchima levi dehari jAe amti dIThA tumhArau bariu dhamiyau monau phUkaha harita tara mahamA nirdaDa appA tAkima paDavidhi gai (9-19) sAkita muhAvare va ada saunTaba dRSTavya hai| kavi mAge apanI sarasa zailI meM subhadrA ko die gae kaSToM kI citra zIMcatA hai| jisase yaha kyA pravAha gati AtI hai| kami vividha antarvadhAoM kA prayoga karatA nagara ke pratIlI dvAra kA udghATana aura bacce sUta ke dhAgoM se kupa meM calanI meM pAnI nikAla lAtI hai| kavi kI pApA kI sarasatA tathA prAsAdikatA spaSTa hai: subhada bhaI bI jAlo ekvAra jA upara Alo prA nikalI bama hara roto navarI vAmiyama uThA pAtI mavipApati pAThI mI bArA ra mAvika makA bahAba remiti rAva bhAlA robaki pA mAre pAli ma vihAko vihi boki mijoya prAya satyapi mAha pani kAroM pAbA gupakSiya bAta vikAra boye vivi mAha navarI mAha hona karADa balipIka sariyA bAra bhAva nahi bhavani pUna zAdiyAM kA nAhI pAiko homaI ko ihi merI sAkAra pAhu vivAha nagaraha mAre zivi zArivAja garala pA pArita sAThI karata

Page #531
495 kara koDa amhAra kAjA naravai bhaNai diyau adharAjI sumadA jai chItara prAgura naravaI rAja dharmakarau karau avara siddhA le dhaMdhole sIla prabhAvi upADi panale (26-33) mahAsatI ke prabhAva kA kavi ne apUrva varNana dvArA usakA svAgata mahatsava sampanna anta meM subhadrA kI vijaya kA varNana hai| kiyA hai|vaar Adi vividha vAca hotA hai aura usake zIla kI vijaya hotI hai| kathA pravAha kA eka udAharaNa hI alaga hogA : dhari thakkI sAsU kara karai, vijaya pavaDita subhadA karai ugI Ama bolisi mAra, Da vayanirhi maha hiyaii vAhe sAta varImI teDiya bAlA, sUta katAvaNa lAgI tAlA kAes areNi bAdhI cAlIma subhadA vA Upa bamI cAlaviyaha jara pANI udharae tiniu pauli ughADI karae lakkSaNa kavita na laMgI ghar3I subhadA tasihi paulI par3I araft rAu raoiyAta bhara tithi vaha Aui ha thiyaTha yAvara upari tabiyata pATha, ApaNa pAtra baliyo rAmo geer satI bolDa vahi ThAma bI pArahi kAma rAu bula madA malara agara mahArAti bina tula pArDavara pariafs chatta mAmai nAcata mAhiti pat karahi kathA bhATa nagarI sUdha bAlU va sukA paDhI frica suvAsa maMgala vAhi, dhavala dimatA bahubAjahi ina uccha nagarI bakari ghumadA mahatI bIDa DubAre (32-40) racanA meM prathama doM kI bharamAra hai|mybr vikalpa, caMpA subhadrA vRdi vihAna, pepArDavara cavata, vAre, dhUma, bAlA mAdi aneka udAharaNa lie jA sakate hai adhika kabhaga sabhI zabda rAjasthAnI hai| kahIM kahIM apane keza milate hai| racanA

Page #532
meM kathA kA pUrA vikAsa huA hai| anta meM kavi racanA nirmANa kA lAya batalAtA hai. paDhahi puNahije jiNahari deha hai 'nicchA sArataravi mupahA satI caritu saMpalA masiddha pumsu lIlA te lahI ) vastutaH subhadrA satI bampadikA kAvya bhASA tathA vyA tInoM moM meM mAtvapUrNa siddha hotI hai|

Page #533
mAtakA caupAi vIM atAbdI kI racanAoM meM mAtukA baupaI racanA bhI upaI saMjaka racanAoM kI paraMparA meM hai parantu isa banA kA viSaya isarA hone se isapara kakka mAtRkA saMzaka racanAmoM ke antargata vicAra kiyA jA cukA hai|mnaa kI kucha paMktiyA isa prakAra hai. racanA pragati hai|' jA sasi suru bhUyA jyAppaMti yA prA nakSatra tArAti vA varanA baha vyApA nAsibalaki karara maMgalAcAra' samyakatvamAipaI bhAtukA caupara kI hI mAti kA kar3I kI eka racanA sabhyakatvamAi cApA milatI hai| racayitA jagala kavi 14vIM javAbI ke hai| racanAkAra jagaDDa ne isameM samyaktva para liyA hai| banA kApaI kanda meM hai yA sAmpradAyika dRSTi ko tikI gaI hai|smyktv kI khAmo yA usake kyA kyA hai ina sabo kA jathe lekara mAranA spaSTa kalA hai| isaravanA para bhI kamaka pAtakA paraMparA ke antargata vicAra miAA puga ka vi svayaM apanA paricaya devA kI dRSTi se zaramA aki parakAra parilakSita nahIM hotaa| yApiti kA kiyA - jAgatika rAma pavAra -ekakA prabandhyA --pramukha kAzya paramparAI 1. prAcIna.kA. -sI hI.kArU.. -bhii| 4- bahI .., yA keka kA prastuta adhyAya-.

Page #534
yaha racanA bhI prakAzita hai|' - maMgalakalama caupaha.. 14vI itAbdI kI eka mahatvapUrNa kRti hai maMgalakalasa kapaDAracanAkAra hai sarvAnanda suuri| racanA kA do kI dRSTi se paryApta mahatva hai| racanA adhika lokapriya huI ho yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA kyoM ki sahAyaka sAmagrI meM isakA ullekha nahIM miltaa| bhASA kI dRSTi se bhI racanA ullekhanIya hai| racanAkAra ne prArambha meM eka vastu hada diyA hai phira doDoM kA gama hai aura phira vaupaI kaa| pUrI racanA eka carita kAma hai parantu pUrI kRti ke upalabdha nahIM hone se isake sambandha meM adhika vicAra nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| ramAkAra kA apanA paricaya ramA meM mila jAtA hai| racanA eka varita kAvya hai isakI pI kavi ne prAramya hI spaSTIkaraNa kara doM kI dRSTi se bhASA kI dRSTi se, tazA viSaya kI dRSTi se racanA kA bhUlyAMkana karane ke lie kucha uddharaNoM ko dekhA jA sakatA hai| racanAkAra pahale dohA da meM zrotAoM ko sAvadhAna karatA hai: (dUnA) raliya rasAta niSThA maMgalakasama caritva pakSiA pAvida mA karI punita cintu (1) racanAkAra ne svayaM apanA paricaya bhI kAma kiyA hai| yaha mAnanda iri kauna hai, yaha bAta nizcayapUrvaka hI nahIM kahA jA sakatA kyoMki basta bhI eka pAnAtha caritakAvya dhAma me zo aura eka sAnadari ke candrAma kAvya racanA hai|' para eka bAda pUri iiN patAibI ke bAraMga mI po mI . am thaka sAmanda muri ullekha milatA hai| 1-bddh'ii| navarAtrI bhAga ...zrImohanalAla dulIcaMda desaaii|

Page #535
499 ataH kavi ke sambandha meM vistRta jAnakArI prApta nahIM hone se kucha bhI nizcayapUrvaka nahIM kahA jA sktaa| racanA meM kavi ne zubha kAmanAeM karate hue citva kI nizcalatA se isa maigalakalaza carita jaisI sulalita vANI sunane ko kahA hai: nizcala citta pasAulA vidhana vilIjai buri sulalita vANI iva bhavai zrI sarvAnanda sUri / (3) racanA kA viSaya maMgalasUcaka bhAvanAoM kA udbodhana hogA tathA kisI maMgala sUcaka puruSa ke jIvana carita ko lekara hI kavi ne jana samAja ke lie yaha kAvya racanA kI hogI paisA parilavita hotA hai| racanA ke prArambha hI kavi aneka devatAoM kI baMdanA karatA hai| svayaM kavi isa racanA ko carita tathA raliya rasAla kAvya kahatA hai| isa racanA kI mAyA meM apabhraMza kI ukAra bahulA pravRtti kahIM dikhAI nahIM detii| aneka samaya kA bhI prayoga dRSTavya hai| eka uddharaNa dekhie: ( vasta) sayala maMgala sabala maMgala mUla muNinAva Agiri Adijina pAyaparama paNameva bhAvina kachaulI va pAvanA uravAra pare viNu vAmuvAnI supa karaNA ke anatarI bavara mAla parita garina rAta 11011 isa prakAra racanA pUrI prApta nahIM hone se isa sambandha meM adhika prakAza nahIM DAlA yA sktaa| parantu ukta uddharaNoM se yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki yaha avazya hI eka are carita kAvya hogaa| 21 vinA kapaDa e :: nindra neminAtha catumpadikA ke pazcAt eka paryApta mahatvapUrNa prabaMdha racanA civaI upaladha huI hai| yaha racanA jayapura ke digambara jaina mandira pATodI ke bhaMDAra se milii| racanA 860 inca ke AkAra ke guTake meM

Page #536
500 likhI huI hai jisakA eka aura dImakoM ne kATa kara vinaSTa kara DAlA jisase kahIM vahIMpAThIzoM meM bhI hAni pahuMcI hai| jinaera caupaI ke savitA kaviralDa the jo jaisavAla kula meM utpanna hue the| kavi ne apane vaMza kA paricaya vistAra meM diyA hai| kavi ralDa apane mAtA pitA ke parama bhakta the| kavi ne mAtA pitA ko bar3I hI zraddhA se namana kiyA hai:mAtA pAi naga jaMbo dina liyau hi mata loga uvari mAsa dasa rahi gharAi / vambudhi hui siriyA mAi puNa puNu paNavai mAtApAile u pAlhi karuNA mAi ma vAraNa isa urapuDA hA mAi madhu jiNa saraNa (27-28 ) farera capas aprakAvita hai| racanA ke kucha aMza abhI hAla hI prakAzita kie gae haiN|' jinase racanA kI sampannatA para vicAra kiyA jA sakatA hai prastuta racanA 0 1354 meM likhI gaI aura isakI pratilipi 0 1752 meM huI racanAkAla ke viSaya meM svayaM lekhaka dvArA saMketa mila jAtA hai1 saMvat teraha se caravapUrNa mAdava sudi paMcama guru dipuNe svAti navacaMDI htii| mai ralhU paNava surasutI (29) cinava pUrI raktA 44 doM meM lihI gaI hai aisA kavi kA pramANa hai: farera pUrI bhaI pdd'ii| chappana hImaniyama kahIM parantu chandoM kA ThIka nahIM milate se saMsthA kucha bar3ha jAtI hai| adyAvadhi pATana bIkAnera, baisalamera nAgaura, ajamera Adi ke bhaMDAroM kI samyaka zodha nahIM ho sakI hai anyathA jinadatva caDapaDa kI dUsarI prati yA pratilipi prApta hone kI saMbhAvanA thI / vastutaH eka DI pratilipi bAdhAra para bhI anumAna para hI bAdhArita rahanA par3atA hai| 1. devi hindustAnI bhAga 19 baiMka 4 pR0 20-21 hindI sAhitya ke kI prAcIna kyA kRti- jinadatta parva- zrI kastUracaMda kA yA kAla kA

Page #537
501 kavi raha hI prastuta kRti ke racayitA the yaha taya ninta hai kyoMki racanA meM aneka sthAnoM para ralha nAma mila jAtA hai|rldd ne isa kAvya ke aneka nAma die hai kahIM kathA, kahIM vaupara, kahIM carinu -yathA (1) jinadatta pUrI naI caupaDI (553) (2) kavai raDu jinadattu vari - ( 26) (3) jo yaha kathA paviDa rAli (551) (4) yaha jinadatta carita niya ka i (552) * 1- pucikA isa prakAra hai: - parantu pUrI racanA eka sthAtmaka prabandha hone se thA pUrA grantha pramukhataH caupar3a chanda meM likhA hone se isakA nAmakaraNa "jinadatta kApaDa hI upayukta jAna par3atA hai| kathA ke sUtra isa racanA meM bar3e praur3ha hai| yoM pUrA kAvya jinadatta kA carita mUlaka AkhyAna hI hai| pUrI racanA meM vibhakta nahIM hai|prntu kahIM kahIM varga sUcaka sUcanA mila jAtI hai| kavi ne prastuta racanA likhane ke pUrva paryApta adhyayana kiyA hai pratIkSa hotA hai T jaina samAja meM jinavatva eka bahuta hI prasiddha vyakti rahA hogA, aisA datta para apa meM rakhe gae paM0 lAgU ke jinadatta carita se svaSTa hotA hai jisakA racanA kAla saM0 1275 hai| kavi ra ke lie prastuta carita rakSA ke lAvU DI Hua carita grantha preraNA ke meM rahA, aisA usane svayaM spaSTa kara diyA:kAbU virAma pA ma yo vipat purA dekhi vika ra par3a hatyA ha kI jaya ke upalakSa meM kI 105 kI lipi dillI ke kisI aisA grantha ke meM puSpikA se spaSTa hotA hai|' 1751 varSe kArtigadI vAsare likhita mahAnaMda pAlama nivAsI puskaraNAma bArka iSTara DAliTi gayA va mama doSo na dIyate / // 1 // mAyAko: zrI rastu paMcamI vratopanA nirmitaM / / / / (prati-nidatva carapara) jaina zodhasaMsthAna jayapura) /

Page #538
502 jinadatta vaupara eka kathA pradhAna kRti hai| racanA meM ghaTanA sUtroM ko kavi ne isa prakAra saMjoyA hai ki pUrI racanA meM kutUhala AdyopAnta vidyamAna rahatA hai| kAvya kI dRSTi se, chaMda, kyA, tathA varNana vidhAna kI dRSTi se racanA kA mahatva avismaraNIya hai| kthAtatva kA kramika vikAsa racanAkAra kI pradha dakSatA kA paricAyaka hai| vividha ghaTanAoM kA samAveza, ati prAkRtika tatvoM ke dvArA racanA meM kautUhala vRdhi tathA racanA kA varNana zilpa baupanyAsika Ananda kA jinadatta kApaDa meM jinadatva ke sambandha meM eka caritamUlaka lambI kahAnI hai jisameM jinavatta ke jIvana kA atha se iti taka kA varNana vivaraNa hai| racanA ke kyA mAma ke ati sAraMga kA adhyayana kara lene para hI sAhitya kI dRSTi se prastuta kRti kA samyaka mUlyAMkana kiyA jAsakatA hai| vidhAyaka hai| laMbU devIya ke parata kSetra ke magadha deza meM sthita vasaMtapura ke rAjA draveyara ke jIva deva nagara seTha the| unakI patnI jIvaMjasA ke jinendra kI ArAdhanA se jinavanta utpanna hue| jinadatta bacapana se hI vidyAvyasanI the| ataH vilAsa kI ora unakA dhyAna yuvA hone para bhI nahIM gyaa| vaha udAsIna na raha jAya isake lie farera ko laukika rAma raMga meM Dubone ke lie usake mAtA pitAoM ne use mArija kI saMgati meM chor3a diyaa| unakI saMgati se eka dina kATha kI banI eka strI ko dekhakara jimadatya ke mana meM vivAha kI kAmanA jAgI mIra mAtA pitAkoM me asIma prasannatA hai jinadatva kA vivAha sambApurI ke baiTha bimala kI putrI vimasamatI se kara diyaa| kumAriyoM kI saMgati meM par3akara jimatva vivAha ke pazcAtu 11 karor3a rupaye hAra ge| yahAM taka ki miThI keka ne die| yaha dekha jinasa ko bar3I cintA huI kamAne ke lie bampApurI ke nAma se vazapura dhanika seTha ke sAtha videza meM kAna ke lie jahAja para car3ha ge| vahIM se ne fe ke dhanabAda kI patnI vijayAdevI kI putrI zrImatI eka bhayAnaka vyAdhi se pIr3ita thii|mdhy rAtri hote hI usake peTa se eka bhayaMkara ke eka nikalatA thA jo rAjakumArI ke patra jo bhI hotA use sA jAtA thA / ataH rAjA

Page #539
503 ne pratyeka ghara se eka dina eka eka pula bhejane kA Adeza nikAla diyaa|ek dina jinadatta ne eka mAlina se phUla lete samaya use rote tar3akate dekhA |puuchne para usane sArI ghaTanA sunaaii| jinadata svayaM jAne ko taiyAra hue rAjA aura rAjakumArI jinadatta ke saundarya para arAdha the para anya koI rAstA bhI nahIM thaa|jindtt eka murdai kA kAla aura talavAra lekara rAjakumArI ke pAsa hI ripgyaa| adha rAtri meM sarpa ne kaMkAla ko manuSya samajha kara usa para aneka phama bhAra itane hI meM maukA dekha jinadata ne usake Tukar3e Tukar3e kara die| rAjA ne rAjamArI kA vivAha usase kara aTUTa / dhanarAzi dii| donoM punaH vasaMtapura bale / sAgaradatta ko dhana devakara pApa A gyaa| usanerAjakumArI ko bhI hadhiyAnA caahaa| mAla meM kImatI patthara bAdhakara usane samudra meM DAla die aura vista ke sAmane ratna girajAne ke vyAja se kRtrima DaMga se rone lgaa| jinadarata ratna nikAlane samudra meM kUda pdd'aa| sAgaravasta ne salakara ke DorI kATa dii| jahAja Age bar3ha gayA sAgaradatta ne jinadatta kI patnI rAjakumArI kA zIla harama karanA cAhA jinendra ke smaraNa tathA rAjakumArI ke zIla ke prabhAva the jahAja habazA dekha sakne rAmakumArI re kSamA yAcanA kii| siMhalakumArI ne campApurI ke jina maMdira meM vimalapadI ko dekhA vo jinadata viraha meM vyAsa dhIvara jinadatta bhI jinendra ke smaraNa meM niAre lagA aura viDyAroM meM panA rAjA zoka aura rAnI azoka bhI the| rAva rAniyAM pI thI jinake nAma vibhinma bar3e ko pradezoM ke anusAra the| yahAM ke rAjA ne isa bhaviSya vApI zumAra ki vaha unakI putrI kA vivAha usI akhi kareMge jo sarvaprathama samudra pAra kara mAmegA-nibAra vivAha kara diyA vitta ne bahA rahAra vidayAroM vimAra pIsI aura prasannatA se apanI patnI ko lekara vimAna ivArA bampApurI kre| campApurI meM usane apanA zarIra vikRta baune kA banA liyA aura usane rApamA bAla svayaM ko jinavA zoSita kiyaa| kisI ne isa bAta kA vizvAsa nahIM kiyA aura usakera meM usakI donoM patniyoM ne bhI use prahama karane

Page #540
504 se manA kara diyaa| phira cAturya se jinadatta ne apane asalI rUpa ko prakaTa kara diyA / rAjA banane para jinadatta bar3I pArI senA lekara apane nagara basaMtapura ko claa| vahAM kA rAjA isase yuddha karane ko taiyAra ho gyaa| nagara ke loga ghara chor3a chor3a kara bhAgane lage anta meM donoM meM mitratA ho gaI aura donoM milakara nagara kA zAsana karane lge| aneka varSoM taka rAjya sukha bhoga, jinadatta ne anta meM dIkSA grahaNa karalI aura kaivalya pada ko prApta kiyaa| vipa meM racanA kA kathA sAra yahI hai| kathA ke ina sUtroM ko jor3ane meM kavi ne aneka sthAnoM para varNana kauzala aura kAvyAtmaka dAvizya dikhAyA hai| racanA ke kaI varNana bar3e bejor3a hai| kathA ke tatvoM kA kramika vikAsa dikhAne meM kavi ne apanI pratimA kA pUrA paricaya ghaTanA parivartana dvadvArA prastuta karatA hai| zailI ke lie bhI racanA ullekhanIya hai pAva aura kalA donoM pakSoM kI dRSTi se racanA paryApta mahatva kI hai| bhASA kI dRSTi se racanA kA mUlyAMkana karane para yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki yaha kathA kAvya janamAyA meM likhA gayA hai jo kathA kAvya ke rUpa meM apane kathA tatva ke sauSTava tathA saundarya ke kAraNa usa samaya banatA meM khUba pracalita rahA hogaa| kyoMki prasiddha jinadatya ke carita ko anukaraNIya kSamatece varNana krama meM eka dhArAvAhikatA hai| kyAnamA calatA hai| pUrA kAvya jina ke jIvana carita kI sundara kanyA sika rupa rekhA prastuta karatI hai| prabandha kAvya kI dRSTise vicAra karane ke lie dina caucara ke sAhityika saundarya kA mUlyAMkana Avazyaka hai| rakmA ke vividha vartanoM dvArA hI kAvya kI UMcAI adhyayana kiyA jA sakatA hainA meM aneka rasa pradhAna sthala hai jinakA mana ramA hai kivi ne kAvya kA prArambha jinavara namana se kiyA hai| kavi ne kyA kA prArambha vatka sarasa DhaMga se kiyA hai| kyA satya ke vikAsa maiM isase Age jAkara bar3A monikA hai| saralatA sarasatA aura nakalI vividha ghaTanAoM hamArA puSTa huA kukUla kyA ke Aropa se lekara caraNa taka meM yoga detA hai|

Page #541
505 kathA paramparA aura kyAdi yapi atyanta adhika paulikatA to nahIM hai parantu phira racanAkAra ne kAvya meM kaI kAlpanika tathA ati nUtana ghaTanAoM kA Ayojana kiyA hai| tathA vividha ghaTanAoM ko kyA sUtra meM pirokara tatkAlIna samAja kA ekadama sahI citra prastuta kiyA hai| prastuta kAvya kA nAyaka jinadatta hai bhise hama prArambha meM vIra pragata ke mameM dekhate hai parantu Age calakara usameM dhIrodatta ke guNoM kA vikAsa bhI dIkha par3atA hai|rcnaa meM nAyaka dvArA praNIta vividha kArya kalApoM ne kAvya-zilpa ke mana meM bar3A yoga diyA hai| kAvyakAra raha para vINApANi prasanna hai|apne sAdhaka ko vaha tuSTa hokara varadAna detI hairatA use jinadatta carita lA kA bara mAgatA hai aurasarasvatI kA ma citraNa sA hai: jAhi saMbhava jipavara maha kamala sitta maga tApI jasu amala Agama hada taccavara vApisArada sada atya paya sANi guNaNi bahu vijAgama sAraThi marAsa sahai avivAra bamAriyara kalA pAvaDI ra pavA bharatI karitA kA mahA pAiranI zasAra mAi maha pasAu svAmini kari vANivattA pArikha kA moma sugavivayana bhArada jo komisa na koI lI vimA kA pArA momAni mAmi maMDI boki apara mukA kari muTha mAramAni anna yi upacAra ba pasAi bhAva mA vinA balika kAla mA bhAratI pugAipi devipakI vAde pAyevi muka kAmAsaha siri ra dimamaiDatyu (M-10 kavi racanA prArambha karate samaya apanI mA athA mazAna svIkAra karatA hai| usakI racanA bImA para pra (mara mAtrA doSa) yA doSa pUrNa hai| vaha

Page #542
586 buddhihIna hai kavitta racanA kaise kare usase vivadha jJAnikoM kA anuraMjana kaise hogA yaha dharma kyA kahate vaha sajjana aura durjana donoM se kSamA yAcanA karatA hai| varNana kii| paramparAoM se kAvyakAra kI kSamatA, kAvyAtmakatA tathA rakamA kI prabandhAtmakatA kA pUrA pUrA paricaya milatA hai|vrnnn kI AlaMkArikatA rasAtmakatA aura saundarya dekhie: hA asara jidatta purANApa Diu na lavana da vakA asara matta hINa jai hoimahujipa vo de kavi kora hINa idhi kima karata kavistAra jiNa makA binuha japa citta dhamma kathA payataha dosudujA sayaNa karahi jidosu bhuvaNa kaI ma atIte ghaNe |bhule atyahi gai AyuSe kai ta kurA vivahu ma pekhi pA. pasArara bhAcala dekhi bai airAvai matsa gaIdujoyaNa lA sarIraha biMdu tAsa gAja jai dhuvaNa samApa gaiyara raiyara prApuNe bhASa moDasa kalA puna sasi mA AhisavA samiTha sIyalaka sabakAhi vA kiraNa tihukma jai vipaiApa pamA pi jogaNA par3a hAtha joDi jinavara paNa paravIyArAva sAmiya bhami para balla hou sabaitva viNata ra sapA (1-5) bhAva pavA kI dRSTi se yadi isa racanA kA bhUtyAMkana kiyA jAya to vaha spaSTa paricita hogA ki yadyapi jinadatta pApA meM rasAyaka mAdhurva pradhAna sthala mana para phira bhI dina sthaloM ke varSana / kavi kA mana ramA hai unameM apekSAkRta paka vaividhya aura vimAna racanAkAra meM kAvya meM jina vividha varNanoM kA samAveza kiyA hai, varSa isa prakAra hai: bAla varNana (1) bIndarya aura mazikha vana

Page #543
507 (da) prakRti varNana (4) vividha viDyAoM ke varNana (ka) barAta varNana, nagara varNana (sa) nyAya vinoda varNana (ga) mA varNana (pa) vyApAra varSana (30) senA varSana ina vividha varNanoM meM prayukta kAvyAtmaka sthaloM ke adhyayana karane para rakhanA ke saundarya kA mUlyAkana kiyA jA sakatA hai| bAla varmana kI pRSThabhUmi meM putra prApti ke janmotsava aura harSollAsa kA varNana yiA hai|kuttumb meM basAya mAya gara nAmikAoM ke mRtyahue motiyoM se cauka purAe gae, vividha dAna die gae, mAdi bhI sAmAjika prazAoM kI aura kavi kI iSTi gaI hai| janma varNana ke pazcAt kavi ne bAlaka jinadatta kI zikSA dIyA para prakAza DAlA hai| kuzAididha jinadatta ne 1 kalAoM meM thor3e hI samaya meM batA prApta kii| yahI nahIM usane yudha kalA, vyAkaraNa chaMda jyo sima AdipI nipuNatA prApta kara lii| bAla varmana kI bArIkiyoM kA sUkSma vizleSaNa kavi ne kahIM nahIM kiyaa| pUre vanako kavi bAraka paraka pArA aura bhAvoM meM barSita kara beTA hai| bAlaka kImA bhAga pitAoM kA ullAsa jyA mAnahIna hone para unakI zeka pUrva donoM sthitiyoMkA sarala sA barmana kara kavi jAma kara jAnA hai| varSana ke mApI usA kara adhika nahIM rmmaa| usako lagatA hai ki kyA kiyA paTanAoM prastuta mAtra karanA TT inhI kAraNorA vA pradhAna varSanAtmaka bana gaI hai, kyA bhUba kahI bhI vyakti nahIM bAne pAvA prArambha se lekara anta taka pUrI thA nAbaka jinadAra atyatina pravanazIla parilakSita hotI hai isase spaSTa hotA hai ki racanAkAra kAma nirmita karane kI zakti saba vidyamAna thii| vividha vanoM meM isa bayA kAja kI sarasatA manapUrva yoga diyA hai|

Page #544
508 jinadatta kA kapotsava aura kaDhigata zikSA varNana ke udAharaNa dekhie:rAja karata dina kaise ge| saThiNi gavyu mAsa dui bhae jIva deva pari maMdaNa maya para ghara kuTaMba badhAra gayA gAvahi mI nAikA saca pUchi motiku dehi bola aphophala pAma / dIne bAra paTole dAna pUta badhAra nAhI hori / dIne beThi dAma dui koDi bADhaupUta kalA jimUbaMda / jAi vihAra kiyA AnaMda jinavaru pUja muSiha para pdd'ii| riki jinadatva nAu timradharI are divasa vADhai je taDa / dina dina viradha kara te saDa ukAra latha madhu jANila Idatakka parivANi muni vyAkaraNa virati kA jAyu marahara bhAva mahApurAmu likhatu paDhata sIsita arAjati tu tu bAra hI sakchu aru saMDAsIsI saba vahatira kalA kyA ke ko yAda banA rakhane ke lie kahIM kavi ne bacapana kA (56-64) bhI devA yA sakatA hai| mana se jor3akara kyA pravAha ko Age bar3hAyA hai: kara bAika savA kula phirai / mikya upari bhAu na para vivaac| mama deThi kula yU DA vidhi dekhi (65-66) pUta viSama manu bastu cheda meM kavi ne samaya deva ke badapura nagara kA atyanta sundara varNana kiyA hai| ke varNana bar3e satkArapUrNa hai| bhAvA kI saralatA aura bakAra, kAra aura makAra ke svAnujAyathA kA alaMkAra ke sundara udAharaNa STavya hai:

Page #545
mAha desu pIvari muhisAra vAsava suraha ahi socAru paNa kapa kaMcama sandha visUra bara tuMga pihiya kasUra / (36) (1) vAmika bhaga baida bAsITa, vADhai besAvaruDa baMdarA vivArI vihAraI vAyu vADevArI duru bahu vihAra jIva rasa va vihArivAridiyA vRha vivAha aNiyAra nahi basaMtapuri raha kaI ___chaha bauvIsa vakAra (10) (3) ra sAmIya sAhu moLiyahi sari saravara sAvayA~ savvala asthi bhAraMga sAhamA siha soDA sahiyamaI siri vasaMta sAhiyA samANa dasama bImA satyavara satya savaNa suisAra munnasa sIla basaMtapura hi kabIsa sakAra 10 moha pAra bhAnu mAyArU bhaumari mAra paraviSu pazi mata kati koSi sIbaI mahamaMca payAsaha uhi mAbi kA una vImaI mAna maMgala poka sahita mA jalapIya bhavAi lAkha ra bIca makAra viDI- (1) ukta tInoM savAroM ne bakAra, sakAra aura makAra kI bAlita nAgara manusyoM kA varNana kiyA thA banina padavIsa kAroM nagarI ko ravica banAyA hai| kavi kI magara varNana kI isa lI maulikatA spaSTa parilakSita hoDI bI pati mAya kI bhUjana hai| gAra vargama kA saumya kavi sa aura nAzika vanoM meM dekhA jA sakatA vihAna sanyA aura mazisa kA varNana kiyA hai vahI usake upamAnoM kI maulikatA pakyA bApAvika yA pratimA rahi vimalamatI saundarya varNana pa, vivAvara mArI jyA rAmAriyoM ke mAti kavi kA gAra varNana

Page #546
ullekhanIya hai | dekhiye 560 soji suMdari payaNa putvA rArAMtI yaha saMgar3a kIlamANa saravara vaiThI selevIjalapagraha parAsi mai baiThi diThiya as mANita ho maNiya ima upas suta dhAri tAsu sva guNa vanibaTa kA rasa suvicAra jets a kasa mohai pATha cAlata ha~sa dei ta mAi jAnU thAbU vihi vahivAhi upari neura bAja ees va sohaI piDarIja chahite piMDarI jaMpa juyala kadalI uupr| tAsu loka mUThi mAiyai jaNu iti agavaNI saha raMga vaha tahi dhaNI mIle cira ujjala kArava java subai dIsaha kArava timiNa jaNu reha caMpA vaNI mohar3a dehagala kaMvala pItyaNi jodhaNa mayasAra upapoTI kaDiyala vitthAra 1 hAthi sarisa mohahi bhAgulI 2 mahata diyahi kuMda kI kalI, 3 dvANi sureza kavi se khe| he 4 va vala tu kATi ilonI aka gAThI lIvaharu paTTiyA soiya gIva arfe kuMDala ika sonubhavI nAka kApU ja bAtamI muDamaMDala jovai masi vaya dIDa vaDU gAvaha miya pani aft keho vapacA kimAna hIrAmaNi cirama paDa gayaNa dhaNu bacina gharI / divaDa lilATa tilaka ku~varI viraha moma moma paricaya pIThanali biMSI kalar3a nAva vinoda kyA mAyalI pahirana jar3I karI iku hi gari deha kI kiravi avara ralDa pahira AmaraNa jisa yu bAss vi pasAri kAma vAma hu cAla mAri hi ko na vaba devi sarIra mana kulAI (86-100)

Page #547
prastuta kRti kA prakRti varNana sAmAnya hai| kavi ne udayAna,upavana karane. vidgAroM ke deza kI rAniyoM kA barmana tathA vividha vidyAoM ke varNana meM ki meM nAma parigaNana zailI kA bahuta upayoga kiyA hai ata: nAmoM kI isa parigaNanA ke kAraNa kavi kA yaha prakRtivarNana rasa tathA pumdara nahIM bana skaa| prakRti varSana, rAniyoM ke nAma tathA vidyAvoM ke varNana ke mana udAharaNa alama hoge:(1) jo aneka kari thavikkara socamana para pariNati vIu bhAna jo yahUsira hiba kevaDhAviciu vIragayo ra ke nAliyara ko kariThiyAtinhai hArapadA ke lie nAriMga jeDa hArI dAsa, piMDabUra phokalI asaMca jAtIphala ilAyacI lavaMga, karamA paramA kIe raMga kAdhu kapilya vIra pIpalI, hara bau birI AvilI siri agara galIdI dhUpa marahi nAritahi ThAi samma jAI hI vela zevatI, davamo pasya aru mAlatI para rAi pau paba kuMda, ra kAsirI pAkhaNDa bAlA ne bAla maMdArU, siMduvAra surahI madAra (15-70) pADala pAlana na paravara kyA bAta kelA aMbapura kI rAniyoM ke nAmoM kI mApAvalI kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA yaha ki vibhinna pradezoM ko mAra viSa ni nAmoM kI mA rAjyoMkI vihAsikatA spaSTa hotI hai:( rA rASi, binake nAma kaviyAna kAvADi bari amaraTIzI boDi bAlI auraThI puravilI garimAla, bAkirmiya puracArita babaDI pAlI mApImAde parade dhavI ( 1) bANAvadhi vIra rApI pAki gAvarApI mana maNi kamalA de mAgamaNi (Rev)

Page #548
512 vividha vidyAoM ke nAmoM meM bhI kavi ne parigaNana zailI kA hI prayoga kiyA hai: gagana gAminI bahurupI pati poravaNI va karegI hima lokamI saha deha Amirthama maNiu layameDa samvasidUdha bijjAvANI pAyAla garivI a moDaNI ciMtAmaNi guTikA sidhi laba pati nihANu jamIkaes mAmika dei rathama varakSiNI / sumadara simI bhuvathagAminI kAmI raNa amethameva ra deva avara canna laI tahi palI / timira diThi viSajAta milI amI baMdha dhArAvaMdhaNI sabbo sahI tAhi vahi maNI afo virajaDa jiNadatva lilArU solaha vijbA laiya vicAra kavi ne samAjika varNanoM meM bahu vivAha, AbhUSaNa pahanane kI prathA vaizyA, tathA juA varNana Adi para bhI prakAza DAlA hai| sAMsArikatA meM ghulAne ke lie mAtA pitA apane putroM ko juAriyoM kI saMgati meM bhI meja denA pasanta karate the| varNana ke inhIM sUtroM dvArA puSTa sthA tatva kI rastA deSi: (1) yA gorayA vartamaH as seThi maMDa parivAroI kAraga maTabhaTa je ma nahi gaha kAma bahu baiThi ilAba bAga bAra bAra vaisA para jAhima khelata na badhAi kATa aMtarAta caras borI karata na Ala kara jinake danyamaya vindu pIThI kivA bAjUnI muThi gaMga va bhAri ji sahI / tithi tu beThiyA bahukaDI aho mI indra para ki mara mara jo vivi manu DhAve / nidhya ThAva dAmumo pAve hi bolato parimArI bola vArita ba ba rama gayara nara nAri tuma pAche sakahu savAri (66370)

Page #549
(2) bahu vivAha aura AbhUSaNa varNanaH bahu vivAha kI prathA para bhI kavi ne prakAza DAlA hai| hIrA motI mANika aura ratana padArthoM se jar3e kapaDe tathA AbhUSaNa striyoM pahanatI thii| striyoM meM paryApta svataMtratA thii| ataH isa kAvya ke AdhAra se yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki usa samaya meM striyoM meM padI prathA nahIM rahI hogii| sAMskRtika sthiti para bhI racanA meM paryApta vivaraNa mila jAtA hai| bA varNana fears ke tatkAlIna rIti rivAja maMgala kalavoM dvArA barAta kA svAgata, lagUma, caigarI, maMDapa tathA vividha vaivAhika loka gAna Adi sabhI bAteM tatkAlIna sAMskRtika jAgala kI pRSTha bhUmi ko spaSTa karate haiN| yahI nahIM loka kalAoM meM naToM kI kalA bar3I prasidha thI jinheM rAja sabhA meM pradarzana kara bar3e puraskAra prApta hote the| saMgIta meM bhI ye loga pahuMce hue the laya, tAla rAma nRtya dvArA ve loga manoraMjana aura nAda vinoda kiyA karate the isa prakAra saMgIta nRtya, lokotsava Adi sabhI kalAeM pragati para thiiN| aisA spaSTa hotA hai ki kavi ne yaha saba varNana bar3I prAsAdika zailI meM kie hai| nimnAMkita uddharaNa dekhie: (1) paMca samaya bAjevi turaMtu / na pariyaNu vAle barAva wafa jA na bar3e eka bAravara bhIDe hare paknu sAjiti gari parIvAja malAmI varI DADI DolA jA (2) 513 *** #1: ### 222 ukaDa buka deva vivAra / puni ho hoDala kI bAra carI ravI pari bAsa aru thApe buma kalAva gAvahi mI nAikA ku / kArI pRSThi moThI nauku (120-121) baDhe vivAha (116-118) ###

Page #550
mAda vinoda uMda bahukarau |pviruup kalA aNusarau choDa pAva mubdhi dIsaha pAinaTa mau melA vAvaraNa dharA tAra hi hAra vayaNa vidhai kirani mamA pugaNana viparita roDa eka vAriyA rAjA hI bAvasa bhaya (324-325) isI prakAra barAca varNana, vyaMgya varNana, bA, vaizyA varNana Adi para kavi me thor3A prakAza DAlA hai| kaNa vipralama ke kucha sthala atyanta mArmika hai jinameM jinadatta ke pramundra meM gira jAne para vimalamatI kA vilApa atyanta prasiddha hai| kavi ne racanA meM caupAI chandoM ke atirikta nArAca aIdha nArAba chandoM meM vilApa varNana bar3e hI spRhaNIya kie hai| eka karUna vipralaMbha kI sthiti dekhie: hasA gavaNI caMdA vahaNI karaha palAva mohI Agai dekhata pesana ksa gayau nAha Aya para pAhI sarabhU kahA karAyA kaThI rohaNa vAli huvAsa mA deza parAu kAla kIyau sabIkA pima viva hi hAi bAi saha sIDhi kati payala kamohi cau visi dhAmI robai kahA kiyo katAra deti batI bADipati mAsAmI rAka (54-15) RSi kI mAtAjinaballa sapaI banAkara kI banatA kA paricaya mila mAvi ne vividha vanoM mArA jAma kA paricaya diyA ravanAkAra ra bar3A hIbAra muvi pAsA pratIta hotA hai| racanA vividha varNanoM ko dekhate mahamA kA bayA karane satkAlIna samAja kA sahI citraNa prastuta kiyA nAva Ayana bahI sarakavi ne prastuta kRti kI racanA kI dine nAmAvika batvoM kA sahI tyAna karake mAne yA sUna ko puSTa kiyA hai| vikI gaNanA sthA bakAlIna Arthika, samAjika aura sAskRtika sthitiyoM

Page #551
kA paricaya nimnAMkita varSanoM davArA mila jAtA hai:. vyApAra varNanaH kavi ne tatkAlIna Arthika sthiti tathA vyApAra kA sundara citraNa sIMcA hai| vyApAra kA bar3hA car3hA honA, videza se yathA siMhala * ivIpa vyApArika saMbaMdha, mAla kA gAr3iyoM dvArA pahuMcAnA, vaNavAroM dvArA vyApAra Adi kA sahI varNana milatA hai| siMhala dvIpa vyApAra kA mahatvapUrNa kendra thaa| gAr3I bailoM para mAla lAdakara le jAne kI prathA thii| jinadatta kA 120. vyApAriyoM ko lekara vyApAra para vijAroM ke sAtha gAnA tathA siMhala jAkara vyApAra karanA Arthika sthiti para prakAza DAlatA hai| isase siddha hotA hai ki hamAre Arthika sambandha vivetoM sanu baNajAre para ikaThAi kosa paMca dasa milie jAi sakha viNabAre catura ila, bAraha sahasa cale pari balla jo patihI abUjha majAka sabamahi uvahidatta paradhAna (18-184) muni rAi sihi kaintu mAi, saMthala ivIpa pahUte cAi banIvArA hi bAhari sada, kaya vikeNa dIpi para parati pola madhI bAbara dekhi, Adhu sAMdhI bArivi hi kAhi paNa vAhana para gamavAda, go sarAha dIpa bhogavA navanihi satrabaha rasava hAra, vijayA derApI pivAra (2-01) bhASika ratana padAratha bar3I vivi bipi hIrA khone paDI ko pAni mustAharU joDi, lAhA moli puNavacana koTi (06-101) racanA kahIM kahIM hAsya rasapI niyanma mA hai| kahIM kahIM balava rasa (120-10) kApI barSa kavi ne ranA ko bAlIna banAne ke lie abhuta tathA mahala pUrNa ghaTanAoM kA bI nivatva kA baunA kamakara rAjabamA meM jAnA zarIra parivahana karanA Adi sabhI mAra diyA hai|khii kahIM ati prAkRtika satva bhI vimA kA pAra karake gAnA kalAoM meM pravIna honaa| rAmArI

Page #552
516 ke peTa meM sApa kA honA ta vidyAdharoM kI rAjakumArI se vivAha kara vimAna dvArA campApurI AnA siMghala kI rAjakumArI ke jhIla ke prabhAva se jahAja kA DUbane laganA Adi sabhI ghaTanAeM ati prAkRtika athavA kAlpanika hai| jinadatta kA vimAna meM baiThakara AnA hamAre bhAratIya kalA kauzala kI sampannatA kA pratIka hai| kyA pravAha avyAhata hai racanA meM ina avAntaraghaTanAoM kA samAhAra karake kavi ne sthAtmakatA, pravAha aura racanA ke pada lAlitya meM paryApta yoga diyA hai| kathA ke Aroha avaroha carama aura vividha ghaTanAoM dvArA kathAnaka pUrNatA kI ora agrasara hotA hai|rcnaa kI prabandhAtmakatA nirmAnta hai prArambha se lekara anta taka kavi vividha vardhanoM se kathA ko puSTa kiyA hai, tAki usameM utsAha anavarata banA raha ske| pUrA kAma caupAI chanda pailikhA hai parantu yatra tatra vastU nArAja, adha nArAva Adi bhI milate haiN| nArAca kA eka udAharaNa dekhie: patAhihi tAlA garulaha bhAlA muMha maI te nIsaras kAla udAraNa viharU vAsyu tahi phaukara fies kapAsa vIha sahAsIha kAla bhata kahi gaDa so pahira jasu hovairita chUTa jasu kaha aMtu / (127) hAsya aura adbhuta kA eka samanvita citra dekhie: pAhADa loga isa mo vara kaMThi kisora kahA kumari buDi hI dina mata lei koi chIni pAlIbATa ArumAdaha gale rayama kI mAla a DI kavi kA hI muha mAha (300) vana vivaraNoM ke bAdhAra para vaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki racanA kI prabandhAtmakatA yAca prastuta kAvya kAvya kI sImAoM se Upara uTha jAtA hai tyA mahA kAvya kI sImAoM ko svaI karatA hai isase ise pakArya kAvya kahA jA sakatA hai| anta meM kavi meM sarvavajAta janavarata ko rAjA banAkara mokSa kI ora umra hotA vidyAyA hai| ataH racanA kA nirveda pradhAna hai| inavarNanoM ke AdhAra para racanA kI kArika zailImA tathA prabandhAtmakatA aura carita mUlaka kyAtmaka

Page #553
kA saphala nikAha parilakSita hotA hai| bhASA kI dRSTi se bhI yaha kahA kRti paryanta prAcIna lagatI hai para kI ukAra bahulA pravRtti, apAMca ke vividha ubdoM meM mila jAtI hai yA hI kavi ne aneka vizuddha tatsama zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA hai| racanA prAcIna hone se bhASA vikAsa kAma ko samajhAne meM yoga detI hai|rcnaa zailI varNanAtmaka hai| jinadatta kA janma se lekara mokSa taka AdazopAnta carita varNana hai| kavi ne sAgaradasa baiMDa banAyA kI puSTi kara rasanA kI kathA vastu meM utkaTatA kA samAveza kiyA hai| racanA kA kyA kRti aura carita AsAna hone ke mAtha sAtha aitihAsika dRSTi se bhI pUrA pUrA mahatva hai| pUrI racanA upada saMdha meM likhI hone se chanda pradhAna hai alaMkAroM meM upamA, maka,anuprAsa, kama varNana, iSTAnta Adi kA prayoga kiyA hai| nAriyoM ke kSetra meM pI pAtivratya yA jIta ke AvoM para calane ke rUpa meM isa racanA kA yoga spaSTa hotA hai|is prakAra upada saMjJaka racanAoM meM midatta pApar3a kA mahatva knigada bhUri kI meminAtha catuSpadikA ke bAda bhulAyA nahIM jA sktaa| aise parimUlaka kyA AkhyAna rAjasthAna ke ahagAvadhi baMda bhaMDAroM meM kaI milane kI AzA hai| caupar3a saMjJaka kurA aura racanAoM kA saMkSipta paricaya azAkti hai|

Page #554
518 padmAvatIcI amarAjaina granthAlaya bIkAnera se 14vIM zatAbdI ke uttarAdha meM jinaprasUri dvArA likhita eka choTI sI racanA pakvAvatI cauvaI milatI hai| racanA jana sAdhAraNa meM dharma pracAra aura zIla nirmANa kI dRSTi se likhI gaI hai| racanA 37 chaMdoM meM likhI gaI hai| padmAvatI bIpoTI racanA hote hue bhI bar3I sarasa tathA komala kI padAvalI se pUrNa prAsAtmaka racanA hai| racanA meM padmAvatI devi kA guNagAna hai| padmAvatI devI cakresarI devi, ambikAdevI Adi deviyoM kA varNana kaI canAoM meM kAvya prArambha karane ke pahale mila jAtA hai| ambikAdevi kI mIti padmAvatI devI mI jaina samAja meM pUjI jAne bAlI deviyoM meM hai hai| racanA meM kavi ne caupaI hada kA prayoga kiyA ata: yaha caues hada pradhAna kRti hai| kavi prArambha meM hI padmAvatI devI kI tathA pArzvanAtha ke pada kamaloM kI vaMdanA karake padmAvatI devI ko prasanna karatA hai: feft for are avadhAri kari kAvahu siri mAvai devi (1) mAsamA yasa paika masali saMgha vica kinAraNa isali kara nimmala ma bhagavana, paramaravi maha hohi pana || vAlavarala Da lovana vivinna iva vanaini * ft saya bastI hara vihatyi vArasa vizva hi hattha phulkA pakki bAla diti disi pasarati kakarAla (2-4) padamAvatI devI ke svarUpa varNana meM kavi ne usake AbhUSaNoM aura paridhAnoM -prati ki nAiTA sA abhaya jaina granthAlaya, biikaaner|

Page #555
519 ke sundara citra prastuta kie hai| padmAvatI kI zakti se kavi sabhI ko paricita karAnA cAhatA hai| vaha khaMDaka danDa se duSToM kA damana karane vAlI hai tathA dharatI para nAriyoM meM sabase uttama, asAdhAraNa evaM pUjanIya nArI hai| varNana krama kA saundarya dekhie: kunDala maMDala maMDiya gaMDa, ari san ya van parAnDa dhama dhana corila nimmala hAra, paramAvara naMdau jagiTAra nera kuNi vihAri diti cakka, guga danDa iMDiya diu vara vanaka maNikaMkaNa vicaiya paTTa paumA hohi bhaviyaha aMtuva tre suhaliya so viSarasi, arikula komala dIDa karasi jaya gharaviMdaha uttama ramaNi, pamau pavi taha mayagala gamavi pAsa vara pahiraNa pANi, taMga cUDa kara visahara vara jANa pauma patta samayanna sarIra, paramapavi mA gaI avahIri kati narmati surApura ramaNi, maNi kirIkari raMjiya RSi ki paNiyati naramatva varAma, bhArAhahi suravara huha pAya (5-9) eoraft je nara surati vArDa, viyasa kAmini basa iMTa daure para mini cAra mi. vArasa saranuyahara klaviMDa padama pauma kahinI nama aMTha, sala kAma pUra jama ma mohe camayanti, jaba aparAjaya vijayanayaMti baDI para bola DAla sadra ikaJci vivipayAra isa prakAra pUrA kAvya padmAvatI ke yaha varNana meM likhA gayA hai| kSetrapAla cakresarI devI tathA vikAdevI kI mIti vIryakoM ke sAtha jaina samAja meM padmAvatI devI kI bhI pUjA hotI hai| tathA jaina tIrthakaroM ke sAtha padmAvatI devI kA citra bhI milatA hai| bar3amAvatI vANI kA pratisa hai mayaH kAvya prArambha karate samaya bhI kaviyoM me isakI abhyarthanA kI hai| meM kavi manokAmanA pUrNa karane vAlI devI padmA kI

Page #556
pUjA kA sAra prastuta karatA huA, kAvya samApta karatA hai| pApA kI saralatA komalakAnta padAvalI, anuprAsAtmikatA kyA varNana kI pramAdikatA imbavya hai: samahara kala bArasa sarajutta, pAvara jaMgama visahara tatva hasahAra hara samara ti, nAma mahami tuha dayAla ti nAri duzya pArvati purakhumarobara putva sAMti nii naMdaNa agai cirAu duiva pAvaha balla rAu ciMtiya kala ciMtAmaNi maMtituka pasAI phalaI niyaMta vyavaMti mohagiga nihAya, nivapazyapaya apiliya pApa kavi bAisAi Iti ghAma, jAI para mi tu hohi pamama paumAvai baupada paTava hoi purisa vi huyana siriketa ramma mA nimbassa kampUri, saradIyamavaNa jipampaha mUri ramA prakAzita hai athA deviyoM ke carita para likhI gaI apane prakAra kI racanA hai| carapaI saimaka racanAoM meM nArI pAtroM para likI eka aisI hI racanA apabAsaThI bampAdikA hai jo sahI pahAvatI para likhI hai| jisa para bhI prakAra DAlA gayA hai| banA ziva kI dRSTipI ramA paudhika SaDmAvatI karapaI pAnI kI upAsanA pradhAna kAyama hai| yaha racanA yAca prAcIna mAsAdika hai : vaha kahA jAtA hai ki apane samaya meM saba koNIya rahI hogii| - 15 sAlI pAhA hivatIya pAka meM kavi viSNu racita eka - - gujarAtI sAhitya parigar3a kI bhI riporTa pU. 13-14 para svargIya bIsIDI-vaLAlakA nibandha

Page #557
racanA jJAna paivamI caupai milatI hai| racanA kAra jinodayamUri ke ziSya the / kavi ne apane pitA Adi kA paricaya racanA ke prAraMbha meM diyA hai| isa kRti kA uu 521 100 racanAkAla saM0 1423 hai / 5 ne isa racanA kI sUcanA dI hai| sAhitya pariSad kI riporTa meM svargIya zrI dalAla parantu racanA prakAzita nahIM hone tathA bhaMDAroM maiM isakI prati adyAvadhi upalabdha nahIM hone se isake sambandha meM adhika kucha bhI nahIM kahA jA sktaa| upalabdha eka do padoM ke AdhAra para hI isakA parIkSaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai| jJAna paMcamI jaina zramaNa saMskRtika kI lekhana kalA kA sabase bar3A parva mAnA jAtA hai| isa dina lihAvaTa ke upAdAnoM kI pUjA hotI hai| kavi ne usI parva ko dRSTi meM rakhakara isa para pUrA dhArmika kAvya likhA hai| yaha racanA bahuta bar3I hai tathA 548 kar3iyoM meM samApta huI hai| yadi kisI bhI jaina maMhAra meM isakI prati upalabdha huI to isake artha gaurava aura padalAlitya kA mUlyAMkana kiyA jA sakegA tathA AdikAlIna kRtiyoM meM isakA sthAna paryApta mahatva pUrNa hogA / racanA ke prArambha meM hI kavi apanA vaMza pAraMparika paricaya detA hai: 1- baDhI / Thakkara vAlhe tu viSNu pamaNaha sudhamaNI harasiMha lAgata bhI karA devI sama fee mAnaya ityAsa guru vAvari iha apanara nagara bihAra makAri paMcami ina gAisTa 33 (546) mAvA meM navInatA parilakSita hotI hai| tatsama rUpoM kA bAhulya hai|dhnd kI dRSTi se bhI isakA paryApta mahatva hai|deshii bAloM meM prayukta soraThA aura rolA dRSTavya hai / yo pUrI racanA meM cauthAI to sarvatra prayukta huA hI hai ataH racanA chanda pradhAna hai| isa mada kA eka uddharaNa dekhie: arus isa bAra maMDala nagara bihAra ear kavi hariye Apane, bahu hoya paMcamI hune

Page #558
522 yaha pUrA kAvya mahAtmya kA hI parilakSita hotA hai|rcnaa kI upalabdhi para isa sambandha meM naye jJAtavyoM para prakAza DAlA jA skegaa| 1 -: biDaMgati caupaI : ********ETE saMvat 1462 meM kavi vAsti viracita eka sundara vaDharmika kAvya ciDaMgati bastI nAma se bhI prasiddha the | adyAvadhi capada upalabdha hotI hai| kavi vAsti isa racanA ke alAvA kavi vAsti kI anya koI racanA upalabdha nahIM hotI / racanA 15vIM zatAbdI ke uttarAdha kI hai| tathA kula 95 kar3iyoM meM likhI gaI hai aura prakAzita hai| karake kiyA hai: cigati caupaI meM kavi ne saMsArika isoM kA sajIva varNana kiyA hai| vividha varSoM ke vividha phala aura vividha jIva yoniyoM meM manuSya kisa prakAra maTakatA hai| isakA romAMcakArI varNana prastuta racanA meM mila jAtA hai| jIva kI vividha sthitiyoM aura karma ke siddhAnta para kavi kA yathArtha varNana aura citraNa donoM ullekhanIya hai| racanAkAra ne sahaja jIva, samakita Adi siddhAntoM para sundara prakAza DAlA hai| racanA kA prArambha hI kavi mena sIrtharAja tathA gautamagaNadhara kA namana baina maMdi tIratharAu gurumA gaNahara karau pasAu bAga vANi samara devi cihuM gati gamana kahau vi (1) aura anta meM ajJAna pavaI AsAna kAya, vastima lAgai zrI saMgha pAtha- maiM apanA nAma svaSTa kara diyA hai| jIva kI sthiti kA mAlaMkArika pravAhapUrNa 1- dekhie- gAyakavADa oriphTa sIrIja sI0 18 pR0 76 //

Page #559
523 aura sarala pAvA meM varNana duSTavya hai| kavi ne buDhApe kA atyanta romAMcakArI varNana prastuta kiyA hai| varNana kI svAbhAvikatA dekhie: paradhaMdhA paDiu saha koi kuTuMba mailAvara vAivA hoi * catra akSatra kIdhA avicAra, kAkA karisai sAra jarA paNas fee para va sAvi, pahilA dAta karas jima palAti siNA mADI rahI haMsi, DokarU pAgai hiva lApasI dhavala mA deha jAjarI, vAkara vAsa kula lAlarI ghara u te kihI na jAi, kuTaiba sapalA uvILa thAi vADi kucI kIDa kai soi kAkAnI sudhIna karai koi Aka bahuddhI maNi karau mAi, muha mucakoDI pAchI nAi rIsAviDa te melDara phAla, sira dhUmai muni paDhai lAla sUraNas paDiu sUMDa karai, bajIsa Dokara kahI amarai cigati mAhi natthI sAra dIsaha buksa tamau bhaMDAra sukha saNI jar3a vAla karau paMcamagati Upari sAMvarau (55-61 ) kavi saMsAra ko dukha kA bhaMDAra kahatA hai| saMsAra kI vaha karma bhUmi manuSya ko jaise cAhate haiM vaise navAte hai| isako to samakita kA pAlana karane vAle vyakti hI pAra 18 sakate hai| anaikAla rahaTa kI ghaTiyAM aura cakra kI mIti jIvako phirAtA hai aura anta meM use apanA grAsa banA letA hai bimati mAha koI natthI bAra, dIsa iksa para bhaMDAra cigati va sII nahIM koI gaM, jihi nisi eka vaha jiNa dhanu (2) ---- estat ata nirmala malakati ATha pahara eMI karma bAthati arahaTi ghaTikA jima i mAla tima jIva phiraDa ameta kAla cada rAja kIdhI raMgabhUmi aneka ruci nacAki karami nava nava suharA nava navavesa, bhagai vesa bhai banAriva mAvi desa mara nahIM jIva chADa deha pAcacakita cha paha jima phira cakAra jima jIva mAhi phira isa saMsAra (5-7)

Page #560
524 cihuMgati carapaI adyAvadhi upalabdha racanAoM meM apane hI prakAra kI racanA hai|nissaahity ke mAdhyama se kavi jana sAdhAraNa ko saMsAra kI nazvaratA kA karma ke kA kA, tathA aneka yoniyoM meM pramaNa karane tathA ikti Adi kA jJAna karAyA hai| ata: kAma meM jaina darzana ke siddhAntoM kA bhI samyak pratipAdana huA hai|kaavy kI dRSTi meM cihurgati upaI paka sarasa racanA hai jisako par3hane meM aura manane meM mana lagA rahatA hai|kvi ne vividha AlaMkArika dRSTAntoM mArAra canA ko parasa banAyA hai| vAlo ne prastuta kAma meM garbha mAsa se lekara mRtyu taka jIvana kA sabIva citra khIMcA hai| naraka kA aisA sajIva aura romAMcaka cina anyatra upalabdha nahIM ho sagAApApa karane ke bAda naraka meM Ane vAle jIva kA kAvyAtmaka tathA romAMcakArI varNana dekhie: jai upajAI kUmI paphAri, nAghaDa deha na mAi bAri paramAdhApI kilakilavarI, dhAI, khaMDo Di karahaM tiSi kA pArAnI pari deha valI milai paDi bhUmi gAu balavalA AraDA nAraNI pADa ba, Ava paksiyA siri dii cUba aneka parichaI te vinaDaMta, vINavathama jIva bilavaMta naramA bhanI miDAti, ve melhaI karavata mAti trimita karAli mAgada nIra, bAbara karI pAI dhIra TRE jima magani dhUli, pahA dhAI nA laI trisUti aba bhUkhi malabA pAgi karaI mahatva ke bAlaI mAmi bahare paradhana bA kIna sAThI oDI pavAraI Ima tApa pIDita vilabA bADa, me kAhI karIya pasAu hai malhA mAhi bana baMDa, paDaI patra huI pala maMDa sIla maMgarekaraI naravAri, paNana kAla se narama mamAri maNima varSa pUla pUrvaka bA inca te nava nava mi pApa kI rakha libADhI ra mAlaI tela kI karapa navi ke bAda mADI ghAlAve lai mADi (4-11)

Page #561
525 sira para karota rakhanA, kolhU meM peranA, tapta strI putaliyoM se saMbhoga kathAnA kuMbhI pAka meM DAla gagana meM dhUlakI bhAti uhAla kara trisUloM kI dharatI para girAnA, Aga meM jalAnA, khaMDa baDhakaranA, DhaMDA pAnI mAgane para tapta kthIra pilAnA, garma khela ke kar3Aha meM ubAlanA Adi varNana kitane sajIva aura yathArtha meM parantu ina varNanoM ke varNana krama meM vahI paraMparAjya vivAditA hai| kavi ne ina vanoM ke atirikta mAlaMkArika zailI meM darzana ke siddhAntoM para pI prakAza DAlA hai| mAtA pitA bhAI, beTA koI kisI kA sAtha nahIM dete| tummA vinAza kA kAraNa hai| indriyoM kI pyAsa manuSya ko pramaNa karatI hai|igl kI pAti manuSya bhramaNa karatA hai| maha saMsAra deza ikhoM kI zAna hai ta: manuzya ko sahakarma jinavara dhyAna, samakti kA pAlana kara janma ko saphala banAnA caahie| bAraha brata, aSTa karma, samyak darzana, carabIsa jinezvara kA dhyAna karanA cAhie tAki 4 lAkha yoniyoM meM manuSya kaba jaay| bhASA kI saralatA varNana kA pravAha aura dArzanika siddhAntoM kA kama bhASA meM pracAra karane ke lie isa banA kI upayogitA dRSTavya hai| bhASA sarala hindI hai jisa para yatra tatra purAnI rAjasthAnI aura sUnI gujarAtI ke gaDdoM kA prabhAva parilakSita hotA hai|kutt dArzanika siddhAntoM kA vivecana dekhie:ra pudamala tIna anyA gANi, 'phiravAI nIti na kIdhI bhASi aneka bAra jIvi kIcI kAga, nA parami pUriyA baUda rAja garnaza ebamala nau bhASiu, hatA pAmina bItarAga deta ekAnA hai bArASaI miDa, pakhaDA merA sUTaI bimai (49-50) paka rAja gari vistAri, siddha zilA yAkari aneka mu siya vina, mubaha pAra na lahati bhAga bI saritA kAya, he kIpara vItarAma kabarA nI moDI li, giyA ithi sidizA pailAke carabIcamA visara deva, vihiM bAravA ApiTha peTha poya mAmi ina parivAra, mavi bIgA ye zrAvaka thAI

Page #562
(3) siddhAnta sUtra kIpaI suvicAra, gunA goama jou gaNadhAra jAi pApa jasa lIghaI nAmi karau pasAu prapa gotama sAmi (62-65) kalpama dharma nihAli isa samAkita mUla giu pAli bArahavata DAli pasarI jor3a tapa nI kUpala malAIsoi sItala chAyA visamau bhAvanA nIrihi sIviDa dharata phula patrabAra devaloka jANi, paha vRSa mauM phalamukari nivANi nizcaI tarisiI se saMsAra ke puNa le saha saMjama pAra paMca mahAbata sUcI para gati sirI te jAI naya varaI caritra bhaNI khaDAha dhAru puNyavaMta pAlaha savivAra mahAvrata nau na dharai mAra bAra, vrata naukarau aMgIkAra bArahaMta dhari sama kti pAli, isI sAmagrI manIgAmi mAli kUDa kapaTa nai kAi lAgau sAthi, isA ta kala nahIM baDA hAdhi viralA punyakta koi sAha, veTA ridina tapau samadAya dharmavaMta vinayavaMta hoi bhakyi, kuTuMbau bhaNII soi dhana kRtAratha naranAri je varatai jiNadharma mamAri samosara pi prabha kaI vAma tII nI prasaMsA mahAvivekAna AgetIha na bakka vRtti ridiya bauda rayaNa chai anaya nava nidhi rAridhi saDU samudAya johabasi ekvasaI jimanAra kAmadhenu sahi bAdhI bAri, ciMtAmaNi tIha dharaha mamAri mora mayana mau nahIM koDa, lApu jIhi citti eka vasai ariha (-) isa prakAra pUrI rabamA sarasa barapA isTa meM lipI gaI hai|rmaa aba pradhAna thA AdhyAtmika saMvatra pUrpha jama kAvya hai| jisakA pracAra jana sAmAkha meM khuba raNa gegaa| basapA zaka banAmoM kI paraMparA yasto kuta ciIgati barapAkA sthAna mahatvapUrNa kRtiyoM meM sadaiva banA rhegaa|

Page #563
527 isa prakAra ukta zivA barapA saMjJaka samI racanAoM meM upa chanda kA prAdhAnya hai| sAtha hI ina racanAoM ke viSayoM ko dekhakara yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki isameM bAraha mAsoM se lekara AdhyAtmika kAvya, carita, kathA, prabandha, prazastimAna taka kA vistAra milatA hai|thaa kI ye vividha paraMparAeM ina racanAoM ke dvArA spaSTa hotI hai| kavi ne upada chanda meM varita, bArahamAsA kyA prazasti dArzanika kAvyoM tazA prabandha kAvyoM ko bhI jyA paraMparA meM sUtra-madha kiyA hai vastuta: carapaI saMjJaka racanAoM ke viSaya alaga alaga hote hue bhI mada kI .STi se samI racanAeM handa pradhAna hai| ataH kAvyamoM kI daSTi se inheM prada pradhAna racanAoM meM hI sthAna diyA gayA hai| - -

Page #564
141 carcarI kAvya

Page #565
528 14 | carcarI wwwwwwww kAvya da pradhAna racanAoM kA adhyayana prastuta karate samaya varvI saMjJaka racanAoM kI nahIM mulAyA jA sktaa| carcarI zabda itanA adhika prayukta huA hai ki prAcIna kAla se lekara amAdhi isake vibhinna artha tathA rUpa dekhane ko mila jAte hai| varcI nAma se abhihita kI gaI racanAoM kA sAhityika mUlyAMkana karate samaya varvarI zabda ke vibhinna artha, usake udbhava aura vikAsa para prakAza DAlanA bhI Avazyaka pratIta hotA hai| saca to yaha hai ki paryApta prAcIna kAla se varcarI zabda itanA prasiddha aura lokapriya huA ki vibhinna kAloM meM isake vibhinna artha hone lage aura isa prakAra akelI barI jada kaI arthoM kA yotaka banA rhaa| vastutaH yaha carcarI zabda hI itanA adhika sarasa pratIta hotA hai ki isa para ciMtana karate samaya mastiSka meM isake aneka artha spaSTa hote hai| yaha zabda aitihAsika hone ke sAtha sAtha sAskRtika aura anubhUti pradhAna sAhityika zabda hai aura isIlie isakA samyaka vizleSaNa carcarI zabda kI paramparA ke vizeSa prakAza meM kiyA jA sakatA hai| saMskRta, prAkRta apaja aura hindI ke kona granthoM meM bhI barbarI zabda ke vibhinna artha milate hai kucha meM eka sAmya milatA hai to kucha meM paryApta bhavAmya sthiti isa zabda ke lie mataikya vAlI nahIM hai|vaastv meM isa zabda kI paramparA kA isake vikAsa ke lie vizleSaNa mAvazyaka pratIta hotA hai| isa sambandha kyoMki caccarI, carcarI, carcarikA bAjAra, vAyarikA jAdi zabda eka hI sAtha prayukta hue . milate haiM ataH caccarI zaka kA samyak parivIna kalA aura adhika Avazyaka hai| vibhinna pramANoM ke AdhAra para varcarikA zabda kA vizlekana Age kiyA jAyagA / carjarI kA jo prAcInatama ullekha hai, usI se barcarI kA uddabhava spaSTa ho sakatA hai kA prAcIna prAcInatama ullekha haribhadrasUri kI prAkRta kArDavarI nAmaka samarAibba kahA (smarAdityakathA) meM milatA hai|usmeN sarvarI viSayaka cAra ullekha upalabdha hue hai usameM unakA artha yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki gAyakoM kI TolI

Page #566
529 jo bAsa basantake samaya meM bar3I rahatI hai aura cauka meM vAdya bAtI hai, nAcatI hai.poSa karatI hai aura logoM kA anuraMjana karatI hai|in ullekhoM ke prAcInakAla meM apihita zilpa para prakAra par3atA hai| ye ullekha atyanta mahatvapUrNa hai jo isa prakAra hai:- bhagavayA paSita suSa, ratva vaivAntara janmai patte prathama mahasave nigayA vicita vevAsa nagara bandarIsa tama jama baDhe parigaema vasaMtakIsa mAmabanna dina samAsannavAriNI batya sohaga baccaritikNiya annAva bona bAikulAi gAdipaka kaI nIya rabarI aDApa baccarIe samAsanna parivyayai tita kyAriya sA batya sogA. iMsTAyA bhagavatA pavita-apa, atra vAntara janmani pravRtti madana mahotsava nirgatA vicitravevAsa nagara catvarI (cancarI) itarU janavada parigona bahujana prazaMsanIyA vasaMta krIDAmanubhavatA dRSTvA samAsanna cAriNI vastra zodhaka cacarI iti dRSTvA ca ajJAna dona jAti kulA digavitaina baMdhanIya garI amAvasyA (carcayoM) mAnna pariNati iti darSitA vastra zodhakA) bhagavAna ne kahA- sunii| hI vAntara unma mada-mahotsava karAe vicitra ve bAlI nagara kI gAyaka ToliyAM bAhara nikalakara bana jaba samUhoM ke bhyAI va kIr3A dezakara pAsa TI I bhAga letI huI zopiyoM kI mAyaka TolI ko dekhakara, bAta doSa meM, gAtila mAdi se maryavANI ise dekhakara kahA- * ka liya yA nIva varI mAyaka hotI hamArI ttotii| pAsa baiThakara kiratI hai. isa bAnoM se poSiyoM kA apamAna kiyA)' .- marAiba kahAH mohana kobI pApita pR. 53 //

Page #567
ukta uddharaNa se spaSTa hotA hai ki lekhaka ne carcarI zabda kA jisa rUpa meM prayoga kiyA hai vaha nimna zreNI varga dvArA gAye jAne vAle gIta ke lie yA saMgIta ke kisI ghaTiyA kisma ke prakAra vizeSa ke lie prayukta huA pratIta hotA hai, parantu isI grantha meM yahI zabda vibhinna arthoM ke rUpa meM bhI prayukta kiyA gayA hai udArahaNArtha : 3 sao satyeva ciTThamAnastha Agaja samao viyambha malaya mAro phullivAI kAmamujapaI ucchaliyo paraDyAsI payattAjA nayari baccarI o 530 Da saMskRtaH tataH tatraiva viSTata Agato vasanta samayaH vimito malaya bhArata: phullitAni kAnanomAnAni ucchalitaH para vAsa: pravRttA nagara carcaya: (phira vahI rahate vasanta samaya jamA malayapavana vistAra ko prApta huA, kAnana araNyaka udyAna tathA bAga praphulla hue koyala kI AvAja uchalI aura nagara kI varcariyoM pravRttI)" isa uddharaNa meM varcarI zabda gAyaka ToliyoM yA utsava maMDaliyoM ke lie prayukta huA hai| isI prakAra zeSa do uddharaNa dekhe jA sakate hai: 3-4 annavArya samAja vasanta samajo |---- hui sura subanta caJcarI tUra mahura nimudhoso / saMskRta kanyA va samAgato va samaya::--- vRddhi va mAna varvarI sUrya madhura nirdhAst. 1 ( isake bAda bahuta samaya A phuNcaa|-- kaisA? aneka vizeSaNoM meM se eka vizeSaNa prApta karatA jisameM varvarI aura pUrva vAma ko sunAkara madhura nirdoSa zrutisukha dene vAlA / aisA ) 2 1- samAicya kahA : pro0 harmanakobI saMpAdita pR0 368 / vahIM, pu0 626 /

Page #568
evaM guNA hirAma ya pabate vasanta samaya so seSa kumArI kilAnimitta meva vizesajjanevaNa saMgo pariyaSaNaM payaTTo amaranandarNa uvaann| diThoya---- pabajamANe basanta baccarI reNa nacca bhASI kiMkaragati parAvaNamoviya tiyasakumAra pariyaritro vaivarAmokti evaM guNAbhirAma ra pravRtte vasanta samaye sanakumAraH kIr3A nimitta meka vizeSojjavala nepayana saMgataH parijanena pravRttI amaranandara ayAnam iSTa zava--- pravAiya mAnena basanta parcarI pUrNI nRtya miH kiMkaramaNe airAvabagata ina trikumAra parikarito devarAja iti| (isa prakAra ke guNoM sundara vAva samaya ke Ane para ve ainakumAra kIr3A ke lie hI vizeSa ummabala nepathyabAle parijanoM sahita bamaranaMdana udyAna meM pravRtta hue aura unhoMne dekhA (kyA mAne )vasanta kI carcarI gAyaka ToliyoM ke bajate hue pUrva vAdyoM para nAcate hue kiMkaragaNa ke sAtha airAvata hAthI para baiThA huA nidara arthAta deva ke kumAroM ke parikara vAlA devarAja athAta indra hoya aisA)' isa prakAra isa vivecana DhIva udharama meM rI kArya sundara bAibayAna karake use madhura niraviyara kainavAlA kahA gayA hai|tin yA caturtha uddharaNa carI me gandha gAna babAbA ne ToliyAM no manca meM varI prastuta karatI hai, jinake sAtha sUrya Adi bAya bAya bAta hai| para ye ToliyA kira me nimnastha varSa kI hotI thii| barI kadhI manyanamApa jo utkAlIna sahAyaka granthoM meM upalabdha ho sake gale meM isa prakAra ina ullekhoM meM garI sambandhI soM meM bhI parivartana bhI mile| varI ga barA gaI eka prakAra kA gIta vizeSa zrI bandra vA abhiyAna vidyAma ilikhane :- mAlyA karI varmI same 1- marAica kahA: pro. jekobI, pR. - abhidhAna ciMtAmaNi (2-100) nvaacaary|

Page #569
ye vastra prApta kara usakI ilti meM cAmata anayA -( yo bar3e cAra se sundara boloM vAlI ibha vANI parcarI) apakSa kAvyagI meM cacarI para bahuta vistAra se vicAra yiA gayA hai kyA usameM jina jina vipina bidvAnoM ne barI kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai unakA bhI ullekha hai| apa kAvyAvI ke sAtha sAtha kuvalapamAlA yAyA meM bhI parI ko sambodhita karate hue ullekha mila jAtA hai|' ... prAkuvApazAdi bhASAyA caJcarI, cAcAra, itinAmnA saMskRta bhASAyA ya varcarI iti sevA prasidhAyA mInatya pUrva gAnakIDana-gamphanAdi paddhatiH prAcIna parijJAyate yataH kavi kAlidAso vikramorvazyAca-turtha prabhUtAni carI padyAnyapaza mAkAyA vyaracayatA haripasAriH sArA dityakathAdo dAkSiNya cinhoyanAcArya: kulalayamAlA dhADadI, zIlAgavAryazcataSpacAsammahAba carite kaviH zrIralAvalI nATikAvA: prArambhacAnyA smaranti smavarcarI maoNpiMgalanAga hemacandrodaya: pratipAdayanti smaparcarI lakSaNAni nijanya: zAstrAnbo nuzAsanAdI) prasiddhayat bala kavi molaNakatA carI isa prakAzita prAcIna gurjara kAvya saMgraha / upalabhyate cAnyApattanIya jana bhAnDAgarAdAbelAulI rAmeNa gIyamAnA gvajaya mAunAdi jina stutipAcatridezagAthA pramANAmrAyo vikramIya batadeva zatAbdI sambhavA itarA ra pUrI rAmeSa gIyamAnA gurustuti mA saMkSiptA paMcadagAdhA primitaa| yamakAlaMkArA duyalakatA prastuta carIda saptacatvArivatpadya pramitA jina ballabhari stuti pA caityavidhi pradhAnA saMskRtavRtti samanvitAvRtti kRtsucanAnusAreNa paDha (Ta) maMjarI bhASayA nutpssimiiymaanaacaayo| paTamaMjarI rAgo asuci bala nArada kute isa zva prakAkti gIta makaraMdAdI dRzyante prabhUtAni paTarI par3ayo ni vimpASa saptama sAbdI samba IpAda pratiSi viracitA parcavarya vinizcayAbika zrIdata mahAmahopAdhyAya hariprasAda zAstrI mahAzyaH sampAdita aMgIka sAhitya pariSadA kAzita baudayamAne mI bogasa pustake mi008 ko paramaMjarI pAyA racita gautama bari kapAlambo parakhanIya napADAmArobanena paTa(3) maMjarI rAmasya cirAna pratiSThAsIna apazagavyayI pu. 114IDI balAka 2-jahAna kaivaliyA apae nigama jora sabAI rAmaNavyakta mahAmoha maha mahivAIaksivina mAya bccriirsNboddiyaaii| arSiyata buphA lipa guravira vinAkivi munA kribkriyvyvhaarinyyaavidye| kasimakAlabanekAmamabasabirIpaSilavaNa kaDila pAra vitara bAlabAki bAvalibalamA rAmammi jailayamA jubadrIsatvara buDa bipApo (kujalyAlA yAyo) (matar)

Page #570
533 isa prakAra prAcInakAla meM barI kA svasya jisa prakAra kA gItizilpa lie thA usakI prAcInatA aura babarI- cAri isa nAma kI sArthakatA ke pramANa prAkRta apapreza pAkA meM baccarI-bAri aura saMskRta bhASA meM carcarI zAdoM Adi ke sma meM mila jAte hai| ye nAma atyanta prasiddhi prApta gIta, nRtyapUrvaka gAna kIr3A gudanA di paddhati kI pAti prAcIna hai| mahAkavi kA libAsa ne vikrama urvazI ke cauthai aMka meM bahuta se carcarI padayoM kI racanA apapraMza pASA meM kii| harimA sUra ne mI samarAditya kathA ke Adi meM dAviNya kiha aise udyotana AcArya ne malayAlA kthA kI Adi meM jAlaMgAcArya ne catuSpaMvA pamahApuruSa caritamoM sarva zrI harSa ne ratnAvalI nATikAke prArambha meM aura bhI anya kaiyoM ne barI kA varNana kiyA hai| hemacandrAcArya ke pahale ke prAkRta aura apazakatAoM ne bhI carcarI kA varNana miyA hai| yaha gIta bahuta hI prasiddha pIta hai|' vikrama kI dasavIM vAivI meM likhI napAla dhari pari maMgalai payosiyAI, pari dhari mihaNai pari oma AI gharighari toraI pasAriyAI.gharigharisaryamaI appAhiyA dhari dhari barcadana haNDaya dinna, mahadayaragayandavaNaya pahAmna dharipari saraparaI piMjarIu mohati vyataramaMjarIu caripari baccari se ukasAI dhari pari aMdolaya sohA dhari dhari gavatthA ekatA sohe, dhari dhari AdhaSi mahAjIsoDa ghaTatA- riarisa maMgalakAsa kiya.varipari ghara vaya abhayAriya dhari pari siMgAra betu paripi nArimi para jIvAzI uttharivi (paviyatakA-8-1) para para maMgala kA prayoga thApara para bara badhU kI jor3I parituSTa thI para gharoraNa bIjepara para manudhAvahita nAcabaraparadana kA dina hotA thAcaMbala chITeMbarakheDadAna hone vAle davA se phUla hai / svasaDita vivararahane vAlI mAtA kI pacarI oSAMpAThI thI ghara para barcarI kautuhl| parapara DolezAtara pulorolA mAve ghara para bastra aura AbhUSaNoM kI ghoSAekabIrAparapara mahAna dharake bhoSa kare para parama raMjita manabAhIviyA vasatidevabIbI ghara para maMgala kalaza lie hue varapara devatA pArita vIra para para aMgAra veza dhAraNa karatI humI uttama vatiyoM ne nAbabAramba kie - avisarata hA napAlakRta (8-9)

Page #571
534 viracita maviSayakSa kahA meM bhI isa gIta kA ullekha mila jAtA hai|in unlekhoM atirikta aura bhI kaI sUcanAeM varcarI abda kI vibhinna syoM meM mAtA spaSTa karane ko vyavahRta hue hai| ___ apara kI varcarI andhoM ke bhAyoM meM carI zabda kA artha khela batAyA gayA hai| jinadatta sUri kI eka parI meM usake TIkAkAra zrI jinapAla upAdhyAya ne likhA hai ki yaha pAyA nibaMdha gAna nAca nAca kara pAyA jAtA hai| barbarI kA prathama pada isa prakAra hai: kada aucha jukkhiA navarasa bhara sahita landha pasidhihi sukAhiM sAyara jo mahila mukada mAhuti pasaMsahi me tahasuDa puruha pAhu na puNai avAzya pApiya muragurUha carcarI ubda kI vyutpatti kA anumAna (prA. cancara ) coraTTA- cauTuM nauMpI kiyA jA sakatA hai|(jhii loga ikThe hokara nRtya sahita gAna karate haiM AH nRtya sahita gAne vAloM ke samUha ko barI kahate haiM) saMskRta carvarI jo kahane meM AtA hai usakA artha hai hAtha kI bAlI kI AdhAra, aura isI kAraNa usakA saMbhavataH yA nAma par3A hai| saMskRta zabdArtha kaustuma meM parIkaI mukta hue hai| pAtramANako meM carI oka prAcIna artha spaSTa hone kI hindI bhava bAgara ne bhI inhIM ..dekhiya apaca kAvyatrayI- zrI pI.DI. bahAla- prastAvanA bhAmA skRta svArtha kaustuma-saMgrAhaka ivArakA prasAda mA babI barikA-strI.gIta vizeSa bAla denA barI-paMDitoM kA pATha utsava ke samaya kA Dela utsava kA ullAsa -utsvapApasI..parAle bAlA - dekhie pAsavada mAno - mobinda bAga meTha kRta-pU. 197 // bacca-4(varSa) samAlampana, cayana "gairaha kA zarIra meM upalaya babbara (varaparakIyA,baurAstAvIka babariyA bAnirikAmatya vizeSa (ramA) baccarI vI.varImIta vizeSa eka prakAra kA mAna-vitariya bancarIra va (ba) ucApapAne , ) (ba) pAramiya babarIgIvA sapA 55) mAne vAle rokI,mAne vAloM kA (ka)pomavaNa mAseva nigavAsa vicitravekhAunabara cacarIkIya cacarI bahAtha cacarIesamAna paribbaI ( R) (kamanda vizeSa (piMga) bAba kIvAlI kI aavaaj|

Page #572
prandhoM ke aoM kA samarthana kiyA hai| vAstava meM ina varSoM se yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki parcarI eka prakAra kA gIta vizeSa thA jo samUha ke rUpa gAyA jAtA thaa|yh gAna itanA adhika loka pracalita thA ki ise lokagIta kI saMjJA saralatA se dI jAsakatI hai| vAstava meM isakI puSTi 1vIM zatAbdI ke jinadatta mUri nAmaka jaina saMta kavi ne loka pracAlita barI aura rAmaka jAti ke gItoM kA sahArA liyA thA, isa tathya meM hotI haiArI una dinoM janatA meM bar3e cAva se gAI jAtI rahI hogii| zrI hadiva kI ratnAvalItathA bAma bhaTTa kI racanAoM se bhI carcarI pIta kI sUcanA prApta hotI hai|vii tAbdI meM somAya ne vasanta kAla meM varI gAna nA thaa|' vIM zatAbdI ke lakSaNa nAmaka kavine yamunA nadI ke pAsa pAsa bare rAyabaDiya nagara kA varNana kiyA hai| Agare ke pAsa sthita saMbhavata: isameM kavi ne nagara ke caurAhe kA varNana kiyA hai jo carcara dhvani se uidAma thaa| zrI agaracaMda nAhaTA kA mata hai ki rAsa kI pAti caMcala evaM nRtya ke sAtha vizeSataH utsava Adi meM gAI jAne vAlI racanA ko barcarI saMjJA dI gaI hai| ina saba ullekhoM ke atirikta parI kA eka chada vizeSa ke ma meM bhI varNana milatA hai|ydi vArSikotta kA eka bheda hai| mAnu ke chanda prabhAkara meM isa parvarI kA kA lAparaba ra ke yoga banatA hai jisakA na SIS, IISISI, SI, SIS) prA meM isakA nAma barI milatA hai| chaMdogAsana ummabala, sadasUna (C) viSa priyA Adi nAma milI hai| 1.carI-saMjJA strI (se..pramara,bhaMvarIbAvariholI gAne kA yaha pIDa -haripriyA chNd-ekvrgaavraaclii|viss nivAbIsamAnAmoM kA padavi hindI vRda sApura-rAmacandravI pu.40i para bArabariya mApanapadabarSakagot-21 ..jagaNAvaha uttara iDitvaDiva bhii| dekhie, nAgarI pracAriNI patrikA 58,40101.04.1 para zrI agarabadamATA limi-prAcIna bhASAkAvyoM kI vivijnyaap-lekh| -dona-Demada (R:-)

Page #573
AlocakoM ne isa barI nda kA zilpa isa prakAra mAnA hai- isa lava maiM 0.8 vargoM para yati hotI hai para piMgala meM 8, 10 varNoM para yati mAnI hai|iskaa mAtrika ma gIti kA chanda hai| ukta pramANoM ke atirikta prAcIna prapoM meM upalabdha garI sambandhI aura mI jitane pramANa tyA vibhinna arthasUcaka vivaraNa evaM varNana milate hai ye isa prakAra hai:. (1) 0 9094 meM candrAvatI meM dhanezvara sUri ivArA viracita prAva mura sundarI bariyA pandha meM baccarI kA ullesa dekhie: to orise vasate diti disi pasarata parahuyA sabai vitvariya bancarI- samuhariya ujjApa bhUpAgo , 54 isa prakAra kI vasata ritu meM diza dizA meM koyala ke zabada prasArita hai aura vistAra prApta hue carI ke rava se mukharita udyAna ke usa bhU bhAga meM AvAja karate the) kIsaMta-kAmipi-yama rata-neura saiNa tarU-niyaro(tamIniyaro) pavaNa-mahUsva-tuTo gAya iva cAri jattha 11, 108 udAna-banvaMtra-bara-bara-madarsa paravara kAminirapakva-muMbamarn (kIr3A karavI kAminiyoM ke kAra ko bhUpura yA pAbhara ke vAra se navayuvatiyoM kA samUha pahana pona tuSTa hokara mAnoM cArI kI dhAdi gAna mAyA pAyA thA paigA umAna uidAma mA gora se karane vAle atyanta ma mAvala yA baiga vAlA svara parata hue kAminiyoM ke saMgha meM muMbala aisI mAnanda kI mubAna karane vAle parIke abdo mAkarSita hue kAmukakA paTikA baDdo sahita mArane vAle zabdoM sahita nAca hue bhane bAloM vAle (badalI prahA * maNamapi ibArA virakti bhupAsanAA bAriya meM bhI bArI kArallA spaSTa hotA hai:

Page #574
537 tavaNIya-vaha- siya-cIrNasya ca sahasya ramaNIyA ramaNIya ramaNI - saharisa-pAraMmiya caJcarI - gIyA / 23-551 tapA kara zuddha kie hue sone ke daMDa Upara UMce kie hue cinAI kapar3e ke sahastroM sahasya ramaNIya caya aura saharSa carcarI gItoM ko prArambha karane vAlI ramaNIya ramaNiyoM vAlI (vArANasI nagarI) (3) 0 1211 mA svargIya jinayattari ne apane guru zrI jinavallapaturi ke lie guru stuti ke rUpa meMapa aura tatkAlIna dezI bhASA meM kI hai| usa para saMskRta meM saM0 1294 meM nipAla upAdhyAya ne usa para eka bhASya likhA hai| unhoMne 1 usa stuti kA nAma carcarI raktA hai| yaha prathama maMjarI bhAvA meM tathA nRtya ke sahita gAI jAtI hai unhIM jinayAla upAdhyAya ne jinadatsari ke apAraM kAvya nAma se upadeza dharma rasAyana rAsa nAmaka saMskRta TIkA racI hai usake prArambha meM batAyA gayA haicarI - rAsaka-prakhye prabandhe prAkRte kilaH vRtti pravRtti mAdhatte prAya: kAvRSi vicakSaNaH || (4) prAkRta piMgala meM carcarI nAmaka eka halda vizeSa hai| prAkRta piMgala sUtra maiM tathA hemacandra apane grantha donuzAsana meM 231 meM padma meM carvarI kA lakSaNa isa prakAra spaSTa karate hai- mAdi meM rama (gAlA ) phira sagaNa (lagA) phira eka laghu phira tAla Adi ra nikka madhyameM ho| phira eka muuru| phira eka aura eka guru do lapaka guru, eka laghu aura eka guru- u pada ko dekhie Ai raggama rattha kArala tAla dinna matvavA sahAra pata vipUNavi samyaloja vizA ye vihAra rahana mohanA 1- paTamaMjarI nAmaka rAma nArada kRrva saMgIta makaraMda meM batAI gaI hai| vikI 7vIM zatAbdI hue aneka paTamaMjarI kAvya kyA laDapAda Adi viracita camacarya Adi kA mahAmaho0 hara pramAna zAstrI duvArA sampAditA baMgIya pariSada dvArA prakAzita bauddha mAna aura voDA grantha meM mila jAte hai|pttmNjrii pAvA meM saM0 1358 meM rakhA huA eka apoza kA kAvya hai usase spaSTa hotA hai ki paDha maMjarI mAvA meM pramIya rAga kI praviSThA rahI pratIta hotI hai|

Page #575
538 ma arAja bhaNanta sundari cavvarI bhaNapohaNA ||231 // ukta padma kI saMskRta TIkA bhUSaNa meM prakArAntara se isa prakAra milatI hai kAyukta suvarNa kunDala pANi sa virAjitA pAda nUpura saMgatA supayodharadvaya bhUSitA atter valana pannagarAja piMgalavarNitA carcarI taruNIya cetasi cAkasIti susaMgatA || (5) prAkRta piMgala sUtra meM varcarI chaMda kA udAharaNa isa prakAra diyA huA hai pAjamA pakkas haMsa-sada- susoDaNA thosa thosa bhaNagUga baccaI moltidAma manoharA vAma-dAhiNa vANa dhAvaDa tikkha cakDa kaDaksa kAhi pUrisa-maMha suMdari pasinA / / 232 // (jisake pairoM meM nUpura haMsa zabda jaisA subodhana phanakAra karatA hai, jisake thor3e thor3e navIna ubhare hue stanoM ke Upara panohara muktAhAra nAcatA hai jisake dAhinI bAI aura tIkSNa AMkha ke kaTAva bApa kI bhAti date hai| aisI sundarI kisa puruSa ke ghara kI zobhA bar3hAtI hai to tU dev)| (6) mahAcArI apane donuzAsana ke adhyAya (046) meM rakhumA varNaka chanda kA eka sUtra diyA hai ki tAjaiH vRtti-pAtraH tumIka vimAnazca rAvaka jairiti vAriSTabhizva yati: / isa prakAra eka 6 mAtrA, sAta bAra mAtrA aura paka trimAtrA va ka 27 mAtrA kA razyAvaka hai ki jisameM 1vIM aura phira vADhavI aura bI mAtrA para yati jAtI hai| isake pazcA (0, 47) maiM baccarI jaiH jeriti natu bhiraSTabhizva yatizceta tadA tadeva rAvaka bambarI jisameM vIM aura ravIM mAtrA para yati AtI hai vaha razyAvardhaka parI kahalAtI 1 (0) svayaMbhU meM (4.195 tathA 196) meM mI yAvarNaka kA udAharaNa mila jAtA hai| udAharaNa donoM kA asara dekhie viraha rahakkaI suiya na jabai na usa bhAva kevala pimayaccAsai

Page #576
ahavA kinti ratyAvaruNA karisaha nizcaI masisaI (rAi) dvA jasu nAsaha(41) (viraha ke mukha se vaha na to dekhatI hai na haMsatI hai parantu kevala priyatama kI pratyAza kA dhyAna karatI hai yA kitanI rathyAvarNana kaI vaha to zUnya varNana hogA, vaha nizcaya hI maregA aura usakA yA nAza ko prApta hogaa)| garI da kA udAharaNa dekhie:___ carccari cAcavAhi amlara 'kivirAma pressahi vivikivi gAyahi vara dhavana racahi ravana-savikivi dahi aksaya giNahahiM kI visayi ha jinklaa| ( jina ka janmotsane koI apsarA mundara carI bolatI hai, koI rAma khelatI hai, koI uttama jvalapola gAtI hai, koI ratna ke sAthI rakhatI hai koI dahI akSata letI hai| () 114 meM momaprabha mUri ravita kumArapAla pratibodha meM bhI rI kA ullekha milatA hai ai patu kuyAha vasaMta samAjo, saMjaNiya sayalajaNa cittapamao ullAsima-saksa-pavAla-ja pasarata cAra caccari ca mA (kira eka bAra vasaMta samaya AyA vaha samasta zekoM se mana ko mukta karane (pradita) vAlA, yA yoM ke pallava samUha ko pratita karanevAlA thA ji vela (latA) samAna adara varcarI gIta prasArita hote hai|) (9) dakSa rAma nAma aAMza kAvya rI saMtaka hI dekhie sambaji me puSi kariSi tAra nArikhamA banya barmata kAla apAni vihAra parisliIhi, - .- devi mArapAla pratiyoga- somaprasUri . 54 / 1- jaina pUrvara kaviyo- prastAvanA .

Page #577
(saMvRtti-babbare-hadda mArga gIta nRtyA tAla dhvani kRtvA apUrvI vasanta kAlonRtyate / dhana sibiDa hArAbhiH parikhelantI miH mezalA kiMkiNI miH gaNa sa (carI gAkara tAla sahati nRtya karake apUrva vasanta kAla nRtya karatA AtA hai dhama nivir3a hAravAlI tatI striyoM se unake mekhalA kI kiMkiNI bar3I syAma zabda karatI thii| (10) DholA mAra rA dohA - pI barI kA prasaMga mila jAtA hai. phAguNa mA si vasaMta ta AyA jaina sapora cAcariuDa misa khelatI holI paMpAvaru (145) (vasaMta ritu ke phAguna mAsa meM yadi tumhArI AnA puna sunAI de to barI ke bahAne meM holI meM khelaMgA) isameM sampAdaka carcarI sambandhI TippaNI likhate hai ki phAguNa meM holikotsava ke upalakSya meM hone vAle gIta nRtya Adi se cAcAri barcarI holI meM gAye jAne vAle eka rAga vizeSa ko kahate hai| (1) hindI sAhitya meM kabIra dAsa kI racanAoM meM bIjaka meM bAbara nAmaka eka adhyAya hai| isa bAbara carI prAcIna zilpa ke aMkura vidyamAna hai| isakA eka udAharaNa isa prakAra diyA jA sakatA : calatI mAyA mosI jina ko diyo saMsAra racyo raMgahe cUnarI kodari parivAra nArada ko mukhamA Dike kInho vama hinAya marava natI garama hai usaTi, bahI pusakAya eka ora pura nara muni bAra eka akelI bAba diSTi parena kAhuna choDe kelInhoM eka dhAya (1) jAyasI aura kulasI meM bhI barI rAmaguNa prAma kA ullekha kiyA hai .- miti nahiM kina bAvari hoi nAva kUda mUhA saba koI . (jAyadhI)

Page #578
2. tulasIdAsa cAvari misa, kahe rAmaguNagrAma (tulasI) (1) hindI bhASA koza meM cAcara, cArari aura cAcara, cAcarI vasaMta rita eka rAga holI meM gavAtuM gIta, carcarI rAga, holI ke khela tamAze dhamAla upadrava halaca, hallAgullA, zera Adi milate hai| handI meM cAcarI cAcara, cAvari, cAcarI Adi pradhaNAvara anusvAra jinA va sahita rUpa vAle zabda hai| yaha to huI bancarI zabUda ke vividha arthoM meM prayukta hue svarUpa ke pramANa aba AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya meM prayukta carI kI bhI thor3I sI bacI karalI jaae| gujarAtI sAhitya meM carI ke lie kahA jAtA hai ki jahA do do se adhika mArga milate hai| batvara(saMskRta) prA. caccara aura purA ' hindI meM caacr| * 1285baseMDa meM rakhe hue AbUrAsa kI , pakti dekhipaH gajara desaha mayi pahavaNaM, caMdrAvatI nayari basA triga vAcari auhaha ghirA paDhamadira dhavala hara pagArA ukta pada gari deza ke madhya meM candrAvatI nAmaka nagaroM kA varNana prastuta karatA huuN| usameM tIna rAste jahI milate hoM aisA nik, pAcara- cAra rAstA mile aisA cauka, kA haTa- cauhaToM kA vistAra ho, tathA vidyAmandiroM kA vistAra ho, pahala sthA bar3I bar3I ive liyA hai| eka anya koza meM cAbara mada kA artha Y0( catvara) manDama ke bAhara jo julA cauka hotA hai vaha, calo artha bhI diyA hai jo aneka pramANoM se bharasagujarAtI zabda koza meM bhI milatA hai-yaha cAcara ke AdhAra se bagA- cAcariyAM zabda kA pUnama carI gIta hI hai| yaha pAvara meM bolA jAne vAlA, gAmAsAne galA gIta hI hai / eka kora meM isakA artha kalvI ne usako jaisA bhI lagA, vistAra se udAharaNa prastuta karake aisA spaSTa kiyA hai- na calAkI devI ke gapa lagana ke caudhe ATha dina cakalA kI rakSA karane vAlI devI kA pUjana kara balidAna karate the phira usake goM kI pUjA karate the nAro vivAoM ko bAra upahAra rakhe jAte the aura phira eka ke pIche eka pAnI kI dhAra karake pUchane the- bAvariyA vAcariyA) tuma kauna sI

Page #579
542 gata karane ke lie AI ho to pAsa meM khar3A koI gaNoM kA pratinidhi bola uThatA thA- ki amuka vyakti ke lie- unameM koI sambandhI kA nAma hI hotA thaa| phira unase pUchA gatA thA ki isa apuka ne kyA kiyA hai to uttara hotA thA ki isane sArI jAti ko to khUba bhojana karAyA para ghara ke anusAra dakSiNA nahIM dii| haMso re pAI hAhA haahaa| isa prakAra ke cAra prazna hote hai| isa prakAra cAvariyA meM adhikatara upahAsa-hAsya hotA hai| vAcara- cauka meM gAne vAle parcarI gAyakoM kI TolI yA unakA pramukha gAyaka bhara cAbarIyA kahalAtA thaa| usake sambandha purAtana prabandha graha rAdhA vastupAla prabaMdha pramazaH 50.0, 119 aura pR0 18 tathA 176 meM prayukta hue hai unakA sArA isa bakta eka rAtri meM pAThazAlA meM rahane vAle zrI vijayasena sUri ko namaskAra karake maMtrI vastupA dUsare bhAga meM rahane vAle zrI udayAbhari ko vaMdana karane gae parantu ve vahI nahIM the| isa prakAra tIna dina taka unakI pratIkSA karake paudhe dina vinaya pUrvaka bar3e gurutrI se ghaTA- to unhoMne uttara diyA maMtrI Ajakala isa nagara meM eka bAvarIka mahAvidavAna AyA hai| usake vizeSa vacanoM ko sunane ke lie pratidina veza parivartana karake mUri jAdai / yaha jAnakara maitrI vastupAla vahI gae aura bhUri ko pramAna rUmameM dekhaa| prAta: maMtrI ne usa varIgAka ko bulAkara 2070) spayA dekara khaa| tumhArI pozAlA ke dvAra ke pAsa ke bampara pIka cancara mADoisa prakAra mahIne taka vaha mADatA rahA phira usakA ucita satkAra karake usako divAI dii| ( vIradhavala rAja ke bAre meM kyA hai ki usake pradeza nAudI(nAdoba) meM rahanevAlA mahAradIyo bahuA haradeva yAvA bajhA gAvarIyAcaka kA ziSya thA vaha eka bAra bArAmatI AmaATIATE dina bAda unake parivAra kA sAnA samApta ho gavAha cAcara pradAna kro| usane kahA- ve dhAraNa kro| saMdevanAra ke manuSyoM ga manobhiprAya vaizabA rahatA hai| itane meM hI mahArASTra kA goviMda bAbarIyAkA pAMcA vArasa rAma ..mAlana baupAI meM Thastha the| usane usako bampara bI vo phira haradeva ne cAcarImA ko apane sAthiyoM dvArA protsAhita hone

Page #580
543 se sAtha sAtha calate svAbhAvika rUpa se bAteM karate sItArAma prabandha ko kathA rUpa meM kahanA prArambha kiyA pahale 10 bAra manuSya ikaTThe hue dhIre dhIre aura adhika hue| madhya rAtri meM sukhAsana meM sthita maMtrI Adi bhI sunate the| yahAM se uThakara zrotAoM kI jJAta na ho aisA prayAsa karatA huA vaha sAvaramatI nadI ke kinAre gyaa| phira vizeSa gAna hA ThaMDa se AkrAnta manuSyoM ne use kahA ki Apa sabake sukha ke lie nagara maiM clie| phira usane punaH uttara rAmacarita kA gAna prArambha kiyaa| phira sarva rasa meM nimagna zrotAoM ko lekara cauka meM aayaa| phira logoM ne aMgUThI karNakUla Adi ke dAna se 3 lakSa 70 diyA / 2 ukta uddharaNa se spaSTa hai ki gujarAta meM kAvya meM kathA prabandha kahane vAle, cAra rAste jahAM mileM aise baurAste yA cauka meM baiThakara janatA ke mana kA anuraMjana karate the unako duvya milatA thA aura saMskRtaki kI unnati meM paryApta sahAyatA karate the| ataH isase carcarIyAka aura varvarI zabda ke mahatva para prakAza par3atA hai| saM0 0480 meM virakti jayamAgara viracita jinakuzala sUri catuSpadikA meM nijI kI dIkSA samaya ke varNana meM carcarI kA ullekha AtA hai nAri divaha tava cAcarI pa, guru garumA Diga dahA disi saMvarI pa sarala maiter sfta frapa phira kuMThirhi koila avatarIra ataH isakA sambandha kisI rAma viveka se spaSTa hotA hai| ukta varNana tyA prasaMgoM dvArA rI ke vividha prasaMgoM meM vividha artha kI sUcanA milatI hai|vaastv meM cacarI kyA thI yaha inhIM uddharaNoM ke AdhAra para jAnA jA sakatA hai| niSkarSayaH yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki barbarI choTI jA~ta kI TolI kA eka mAsantika mAna vizeSa thA jo prAcInakAla se bIhaTTa Adi Adi para gAyA jAtA thaa| yaha carcarI strI aura puruSa donoM gAte the| ina yoM ke AdhAra para carcarI ke zilpa sambandhI niSkarSo yA Avazyaka tathyoM para isa prakAra vicAra kiyA jA sakatA hai: h 1- dekhie purAna prabaMdha : muni nijI 0 76 aura vastupAla prabaMdha 0169 2. vaDI, 5078, vahI pR0 176 /

Page #581
544 1. yaha paka gIta vizeSa hai jo ullAsa pradhAna vaSoM kI anubhUti hai| yaha nimna varga kI gAyaka ToliyoM aura unake gItoM ke lie bhI prayukta hai| tAlI bajAkara vizeSa dhvani utpanna karake vAle vAiya ko bhI carcarI kahate hai| carcarI eka prakAra kA gAna vizeSa hai jisameM mRtya tAla samanvita phAguna kI vAsatI suSamA kA samAveza hotA hai| prAnanda pradhAna manamohaka nagara ke sthAnoM para utpanna hone vAlI cI dhvni| varata meM gAyA jAne vAlA vizudha vasaMta giit| maMgala pA~ para AnaMdotpatti karane vAlA manohAro gaan| carcarI eka prakAra kA baila vizeSa hotA hai| 5- eka aisA bhASA nibadha mAna jo nRtya vizeSa ke sAtha gAyA jAtA hai| ___ yaha eka prakAra kAnda vizeSa hai jo vibhinna andhoM meM zAstrIya chanda ke jya meM prayukta huA hai| yaha eka loka gota kA prakAra vizeSa thaa| 12. carcarI eka prakAra kA rAga dhA nisako paravartI sAhitya meM carcarI rAga nAma mai apihita kiyA gyaa| tulasIdAsa jI ne bhI varvarI rAga ko apanAyA thaa| isa prakAra varcarI ke zilpa para vicAra kiyA jA sakatA hai|vstutH DA. hajArI prasAda pI divavedI ke saboM meM carI meM kevala gAna kA sahI nahIM liyA gayA hai| AdhyAtmika upadeza meM carcarI zoka priya gAna ke priya viSaya bhaMgAra rasa kA AbhAsa dene kA bhI prayatna hai| bIjaka meM yaha AbhAsa ho jAtA hai ki cAcara mAtrA samaya hai phira bIja meM do pada bAbara ke donoM ke chaka alaga alaga hai isase bhI mukti hotA hai ki isake lie koI eka hI niyata nahIM thaa| 1. janapada- varva, aMka 3.5-8 dekhiemA hajArI prasAda divavedI kA loka sAhitya kA adhyayanakA 1.bIjaka kI dArI bAbara ThIka isa pada to nahIM hai para milate jalate va meM avazya hai bAna pAtA ki parcarIbAghara kI dIrgha paraMparA rahI hogI |in do bAra zaharobaha prabhAvita ho jAtA hai ki bIjaka jina kAvyamoM kA prayoga diyA gayA hai unakI paraMparA bahata purAnI hai aura AlocanA kAla meM vibhinna sampradAya ke gubboM ne dharma pracAra ke lie ina kAya mA~ ko apanAyA dhAsvayaM balavI necarI rAga ko apanAyA thA. janapada varSa , aMka 3 pu. 5-81 oSa Age pRSTha para dekhie--

Page #582
ataH yaha to spaSTa hai ki carI kA pracalna loka gItoM ke viziSTa prakAra ke rUpa 4vIM satAbdI meM hI ho gayA hogA kyoMki jinadatta sUri ne baJcarI kA prayoga kiyA hai| gastrIya dRSTi se isanda ke lakSaNoM kA varNana milatA hai jo vividha mAmoM meM pracalita rahA hogA pastu phira mI varI ko hama koI nizcita chanda vizeSa nahIM kaha skte| hI loka pracalita rUpoM meM AgarA aura usake Asa pAsa yaha loka gAna ba gAtA rahA ho aisA pratIta hotA hai| vo koI bhI sahadaya isa bAta kA mI amAna lagA sakatA hai ki yaha gIta kabIra ke bIjaka meM mArcara banA baiThA hai sAtha hI jAyasI meM bhI kAguna aura holI ke saMga meM cAcari yA cAcara kA ullekha milatA hai| kAlidAsa aura harSa ke mATakoM meM isa gIta kA zilpa adhika spaSTa to nahIM hai parantu unameM carvarI kA varNana avazya milatA hai| ataH itane prasiddha gIta me yaha nidhAra se kahA jA sakA hai ki carI loka priya yatA pradhAna mAna rahA hogA jo cAcara se bhinna, kisI sAmUhika utsava yA krIDA yA khela nahIM hokara sarala sammohana pUrNa basanta meM nAva nAca kara ullAsa ke dvArA prakaTa kI huI mAyaka gIta zailI vizeSa hai| yaha bhI sambhava hai ki loka sAhitya kI sarala tathA mohaka lokapriya gIta lI yA gAna lI hone ke kAraNa hI jaina kavi zrI jinavatvari ne isako apane granthoM meM apanAyA ho| eka viziSTa bAta yaha bhI hai ki janaruci kA hAra banane aura loka priya hone ke kAraNa isa varI gIta kI dhvanyAtmakayA ne sabakA manAtha kara diyA ho aura yaha saba vA gIta pratyeka manuSya - dUsarI bAbara ke budhava isa prakAra haicAra jana ke neharA mana bIrA ho jAmasoma vApasamA mana bIrA ho ananokA gavaMDI mana baurAho mAna kirima bAkI sAja samApana baurAho binA kA devarA mana barAho higilakI ITa sAmanabIrAho kADhAkIsvinI manabaurAho ziva racyo jagadI mApana baurA ho

Page #583
546 kA loka priya gIta yA chada bane yahI bAta isake mUla meM rahI ho aura isakA zilpa aneka bAra saphalatA se prayukta hone ke kAraNa hI ise vibhinna prakAra se viSaya banAyA gayA ho| isa prakAra ukta carca saMjJaka pramANa, zabda kyoM tathA anya bAtoM ke AdhAra para carcarI kA zilpa paryApta spaSTa ho jAtA hai| carcarI kI yaha paraMparA saMskRta prAkRta aura apabhraMza se avazya rUpa se calI jA rahI hai| jisake pramukha sthaloM kA vivecana Upara kiyA jA cukA hai| vastutaH adyAvadhi prAcIna prApta sAhitya meM varcarI sambandhI jitane ullekha tathA pramANa upalabdha hote haiM unakA paricaya yahIM diyA gayA hai| carcarI kA isa samaya rAjasthAna meM jo svarUpahai vaha Aja meM malI mAti dekhane ko mila jAtA hai| carvarI gAna yahAM ullAsa pradhAna loka gIta ke rUpa meM Aja bhI mAnA jAtA hai| isakA sahI vArtha svastha phAlguna ke dinoM meM gAye jAne vAle raMga ke gItoM meM dekhA jA sakatA hai / sa~ga gIta jisa taraha Adi kAla ke sAhityika kAvya rUpa phAgu kA pratinidhitva karate hai ThIka isI prakAra usameM carvarI kA rUpa bhI dekhA jA sakatA hai| caMga ke gIta phAguna meM hI gAye jAte haiM madhumAsa ke ullAsa pradhAna vAtAvaraNa ko mukharita karane vAle ye loka mAna va rUpoM meM rAtri rAzi saMgIta kI madhura dhvaniyoM paikUTa par3atA hai ye barbarI gIta caMga vAya para gAye jAte haiM jo varSada kI honA kahI jA sakatI hai / prAcIna kAla kI bhA~ti barbarI gAna kI ina ToliyoM meM madhyamavarga tathA nimna varga kI hI TolI rahatI hai jo nAca nAca kara apane dave athaca abole ullAsa ko vAmI pradAna karatI hai| ataH jaMga ke ina gAvoM meM isa samaya varvari kA samyakU tathA kramika vikAsa dekhA jA sakatA hai| jahAM taka cIvara zada kA prazna hai vaha kahA jAsakatA hai ki isa samaya isa meM thor3A kara paricita hotA hai| cAcara ina dinoM rAjasthAna ke nRtya pradhAna, vAya pradhAna, ullAsamaya abhivyakti ko to kahate hI hai para vivAha ke maiM nRtya karatI karatI gAna gAtI vividha vAdyoM sahita nAriyAM para bara hai| yaha eka prakAra kA ullAsa pradhAna TonA yA kriyA vizeSa hotI hai jise

Page #584
547 ve hAgoM kI uMgaliyoM se sira se lekara paira taka aura paira se sira taka pUjA ke sAmAna kA prayoga karatI huI karatI hai zeSa striyoM vAyoM para nRtya karatI tathA gAtI rahatI hai| isa kriyA ko cAcara karanA kahate hai| isake mUla meMkyA bAta hai yaha to nizcita kahIM kahA jA sakatA kyoMki pUchane para ve batalAtI hai ki yaha eka rudi hai purAtana niyama hai ata: Asa mIMca kara ise pUrA karanA hI par3atA hai aisA unakA dRSTikoNa hai / parantu isake mUla meM vara vadhU ke ullAsa pUrNa sukhI jIvana aura bhaviSya kI zubhakAmanA karane ke lie hI yaha saba kucha kiyA jAtA hogaa| jo bhI ho, carvarI yA vAcara ke sAjasthAna meM jo adyAvadhi jo bhI pa dekhane ko milate hai una para prakAza DAla kA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai| bahuta saMbhava hai ki loka prathA yA rivAja hone se isa carI ne aba taka sabase adhika lokapriyatA pAI ho / carjarI ke zilpa para vistAra meM aura bhI vivAnoM ne hamAre sAmane vicAra rakhe hai jinase varvarI ke zilpa ko sapane meM sahAyatA hotI hai| vastutaH isa sambandha meM Aja taka carcarI kA jo bhI satya hai usako spaSTa kiyA gayA hai| yaha bhI bahuta saMbhava hai ki bodha hone para isake zilpa prera aura bhI naye jJAtavya prApta ho / carnarI sezaka racanAoM kI sarakSatA, kAvyAtmakatA, ullAsa aura bhAva kA adhyayana AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya meM upalabdha kucha prasiddha racanAoM ke sAhityika mUlyAkana para ho skegaa| yahAM eka do pramukha racanAoM kA AlocanAtmaka vizleSaNa diyA jA rahA hai: varI 3 carcarIka racanAoM meM eka kavi solana racita eka kRti upalabdha hotI hai| racanA bahuta pahale hI prakAzita ho cukI hai| yaha cambarI meya hai aura isakA racanAkAla va tAidI kA uttarAya hai| racanAkAra kA nAma Arambha meM hI mila jAtA hai: 10 vizeSa vistAra ke lie dekhie jaina satyaprakAza varSa 12 aMka 6 meM prakAzita zrI hIrA lAla kApar3iyA kA carcarI zIrSaka lekha | 2- jaina gurjara kaviyo bhAga 1 pR0 12-13 aura prAcIna gurjara kAvya saMgraha pR071-74 |

Page #585
548 kara joDiu solA bhagai jIviu saphala resu amhi avadhAraha dhamiyau baccarI gAe ' isake atirikta anya sahAyaka granthoM aura samakAlIna kRtiyoM meM solapa ke sambandha meM vizeka varmana upalabadha nahIM hai| ___ kAvya kA viSaya giranAra tIrtha para sthita neminAtha kA vaibhava varNana ' / neminAtha kA dIpA varSana kevala jJAna aura unake bhavya maMdira kA baccarI meM varNana hai| kAvya kI dRSTi se yadyapi isa racanA meM koI camatkAra vizeSa dikhAI nahIM par3atA parantu kahIM kahIM prakRti kA raMjaka varNana kiyA gayA hai| sAtha hI pUrA kAvya gatrA paraka hai| giranAra aura unjayata ke lie saMgha yAtrA karatA hai kavi grISma meM lU ke peToM meM sAhasika aura kAyaroM kI pahicAna karatA huA kahatAhai: pAi bahui kakkarIu unhAlai lUvAi je kAyara tevaliyA sAhasiya se jADa usa samaya yAtrA meM hone vAle coroM Adi kA varNana bhI kavi kara detA hai sAdhanA aura pradhA meM nikAle hue saMghoM meM kaSTa honA svAbhAvika hai| coroM Adi ke isa varNana meM tatkAlIna sAmAjika sthiti kA patA calatA hai: nAlivarI gari baDihiM bahu corA ulilAI cammimA boli miyA atula pAisahAI racanA meM eka subhApita bhI milatA : ke pati malA pahibar3A hai mAlA mArane pAbamalI pahaliyA hai pahalAi puNe vastutaH racanA kI bhASA meM utsaba bhabdoM kA prayoga hai| yaha kAvya eka aitihAsika kAvya hai| kavi banasthalI giranAra ke mahAtmya para pUrNa barasa DhaMga se prakAza DAlatA hai| 1. prA0pU0 kA...ar - prANU kA* *y. 1 - vhii| . vahI, pR. 27 // 4

Page #586
549 saMgha varNana jaina kaviyoM ke kAvya kA pramukha viSaya rahA hai| kavi ne tIrtha samaya giranAra kI vanaspati kA ullekhanIya varNana kiyA hai| kucha aMza nImahapANiu salahalai vAnara kara cukAra koila madada muhAva tahi DhuMgari girinAri 5 maI didiThI pAvaDI uMca didA caTAu taLa dhamiTha Ama diyau lA sivapurigAu (-1) racanA dohA chaMdoM meM likhI hai kavi ne kula 18 chaMdoM meM ise samApta kiyA hai|mirinaar kA kucha sarasa varNana bhASA kI saralatA tathA anuprAsAtmikatA kI dRSTi meM ullekhanIya hai: Diyar3hA baMghau ce bahatA ajiti baDeve pApiu pIr3hagaIbabai ijalaMjali dene girivAI moDiyA pAma thAhara na lahati kaDinoDai kaDi dhavakI DiyaDa sosaha jaMta gava na dhaMdhali thalilayA lapattI pApa gAvaki larjI biMdiyA hiyaDA agavAna iMgaraDA bhayo phari kari lagAu sIvazivAra sama pUrva mama deNDI puti sviTa pasAra' isa prakAra racanA ke kucha sthala mahatvapUrNa hai| varI gIta mahApuloM kI prazasti meM bhI milate haiN| jaise somamUrtikRta jina prabodhahi barI dhanu rabarI aadi| jana pariyoM meM paDAputroM ke sApa ke prazasta hone ke lie zukmAna kiyA gayA hai| kAvya kI dRSTi se inakA sAdhAraNa mahatva hai| dhanna parI aura jinaprabodha thari babarI bonoM ramA bAmaNIya maMDAra baisalamera jhA kI hai tathA aprakAzita hai| hotI saMbaMdhI bambAriyoM upalaba ramanAnoM meM abhI taka nahIM upalabdha huI / bAva 1- vahI...t-

Page #587
mammatra hai kAlAntara meM ina sthAna bhakti prdhaa| baccariyoM ne le liIT ho|prntu rAjasthAna meM holI ke Asa pAsa ke ullAsa pradhAna gIta, jo ToliyoM meM gAe jAte hai, baccarI kA sahI pratinidhitva karate hai| cAcarI' jinezvara sUri vira bija cAvarI nAmaka hai kAvya upalabdha huA hai|rcnaa kI hastalikhita prati abhaya jaina andhAlaya bIkAnera meM purakSita hai| pUrI racaga ..doM meM likhI gaI hai| kRti ke racayitA zrI nizvara mUri bharataragaccha ke the| pUrI racanA adhyayana karane para yaha kahA kA patA hai ki kadi ne samAna kI rakSA ke lie lagabhaga pramukha pramukha sabhI tIrthaMkaroM se vinaya kI hai| yaha umA carI gAna mAtra ke klaka vivAraNa, dalitoM kI pragati tathA bhaktipUra aura adyazIla vyaktiyoM kI rakhA ho usa lakSya meM kavi ne yaha carcarI nirmita kI hai| prArambha meMhI kavine ribha jilezvara aura mahAvIra ke ina 'banamANiyoM kA smaraNa karake ta sarasAtI devI ke padakamala meM praNAma karake masti pUrvaka naiminAya aura jaya kI mahimA gAI hai| magati karavi paDa risaha ziSa, vIraha valaNa mame vi ina cAlita pANi bhAu dhari hAmi pani aparevi parasaha sAmimi sabakama madhyamagati paName vi ucisa nemi risai, paNa misa aMbAmavi prArthanA aura vaMdanA kavi prArampa se lekara taka eka sakatI aura tIrthaMkara aura pradezoM kI mahimA kA guNagAna kkhA hai aura parama zradhA se kAvyAMjalI vArA naimijinendra kI prArthanA / 1- racanA apaya jainApurakSita hai desie hastalikhita prati patra 231-2 //

Page #588
550 sambhava hai kAlAntara meM inakA sthAna bhakti madhA caccariyoM ne le lie ho| parantu rAjana meM holI ke Asa pAsa ke ullAsa pradhAna gIta, jo ToliyoM meM gAe jAte haiM, baccarI kA sahI pratinidhitva karate hai| bAvarI 1 jinezvara sUri viracita cAvarI nAmaka graha kAvya upalabdha huA hai| racanA kI hastalikhita prati abhaya jaina pranthAlaya bIkAnera meM surakSita hai| pUrI racanA 30 da meM likhI gaI hai| kRti ke racayitA zrI nizvara sUri sarataragaccha ke the| pUrI racanA adhyayana karane para yaha kahA jAtA hai ki dine samAna kI rakSA ke lie lagabhaga pramukha pramukha sabhI tIrthaMkaroM se vinaya kI hai| yaha ubarI gAna pAra ke klaSa vivAraNa, dalitoM kI pragati tathA bhaktipUrNa aura azIla vyaktiyoM kI rakhA ho usa lakSya se kavi ne yaha carcarI nirmita kI hai| prArambha meM hI kavi ne ripa jivezvara aura mahAvIra ke ina 'janamaNiyoM kA smaraNa karake va sarasvatI devI ke pathakamala meM praNAma karake bhakti pUrvaka neminAtha aura jaya kI mahimA gAI hai: - bhagati karavi paDu rivaha jina, vIraha calanavi cAlita bhaSi bhAu dhari iSi pani sumare vi aces a kamala madhya bhagati paName vi usa nemi setu risaDu, pana misa gaMgApavi prArthanA aura vaMdanA meM kavi prArambha se lekara taka eka eka tIrtha aura tIrthaMkara aura pradezoM kI mahimA kA guNagAna karatA hai aura parama zraddhA se kAvyAMjalI dvArA nemijinendra kI prArthanA karatA hai| 1- racanA amaya jaina granthA meM surakSita hai dekhie hastalikhita prati patra 231-232 |

Page #589
ad usa soraTha deza ko dhanya hai jisameM giranAra hai| jisake zikhara para prabhu ne mi AsIna hai zikhara ko dekhakara manuSyoM ke mana meM unmAda chA gyaa| vaha zikhara kaisA hogaa| jahA~ atula vAle indriyajIta jina vizvAsa karate hai usa parvata ko kama hai| gaha manuSyoM kA giranAra samUha ke zikhara para car3hakara adbhuta gAra karake parijana putra kalA sahita yAdava kula ke AbhUSaNa tilArUpa neminAtha ko praNAma kareMge jo dukhoM kA vinAza karane vAle hai aura kleza pI mala ko haraNa karane vAle hai: dhannu soraTha desa priya dhanu girihi giranAra jAsu sihari par3ha ne mi jiNu sAmiDa moDaga-8TV mahu makhuNDa mahimA visau sugar3a giranAra jahi nivasaha jiNu atula bala so DuMgaru jagi sADa raikya girivara sihara caDhi avajuda kaha siNagAra pariyaNi-pusti kattama pAbhi ne mikumAra gAdava kula maMDapa tilaka, pamisa nemi jikiMdu jiNa maNa vAri sapaMDai, toDaibhava-iha dekha - (10) sampUrNa saMgha jinendra kI prArthanA karatA hai ki saMsAra kA kalyANa Donutya gAna hovA hai vidhivata pUnA gAna aura zraddhA se stavana pATha hotA hai kavi ne bIvana ko mukhamaya karane kAtiprApta karane aura pApoM ko dUra karane ke lie hI isa bAvari kI racanA kI hai| kavi ne isa ramA ko dohA meM bhI kiyA / anya kavi sabhI ko cAvari par3hane ke lie nirdeza karatA hai jo sAra mukti dilAne vAlI hai: sAkya mAvisa bhavati iha pAri suha bhAvi savi pUritavAraMDa TiI kalimA pAvi mAvi nabari pari jina maNi je vAcari pati nayaNi 'jisara mUri zukra hai siva muhU pArvati (29-30) isa prakAra yayApi kAya kI dRSTi se isa racanA kA adhika mahatva hai parantu racanA prakAra meya nRtya gAna sUcaka gIta vizeSa ke Apa meM barI ke zilpa ko samajhane meM pAtra pahAyatA milatI hai|vrii kA yaha prati ke citra ko dekhane para aura spaSTa ho sakatA hai|

Page #590
Ji Di Di Tie A:

Page #591
prajandha saMjJaka kAvya rAsa aura phAgu kAmyoM kI paramparA aura kRtiyoM para vicAra karane ke pazcAta hama hindI jaina sAhitya ke prabandhoM para vicAra kreNge| yo pratyeka racanA apane meM eka prabandha hotI hai parantu jaina kAvyoM meM prabandha eka bailI ke upa meM bhI vyavahata hone lagA thA aura phalataH prabandha nAma se kAvya likhe jAne lge| yadyapi prabandha nAma se adhika kAvya nahIM likhe ge| adyAvadhi isa prakAra kI pravRttiyoM va nAmoM ke do hI pradha racanAeM prApta huI hai| prabandha kAvyoM kI paraMparA bahuta hI prAcIna rahI hai|sNskRt apapreza Adi bhASAoM meM bahuta pahale se prabandha milane lagate hai|hbiidhn ke bAda cauhAna, caMdela, pratihAra, paramAra, solaMkI Adi rAjapUtoM ke paraspara saMSoM se vIra rasAlaka vAtAvaraNa kI sRSTi huI aura vIra gAthAtmaka kAya likhe jAne lge|is kAla meM isa prakAra ke vIra gAthAtmaka kAvya do prakAra ke milate hai: (2) prabandha sana ina praba kA viSaya adha aura mena thaa| aMgrejI ke prasiddha viddhavAna kAla meM apane meM 'dhanamA paryApta varNana kiyA hai| bIra rakhapustakoM ke udAharaNa Demabanne viSa hai| isI prakAra ke kucha prama meM vIratA va prema,aurya yA romAMsa meM DUbe hue milo - bAbA ke gIta, bIsaladevarAma, pRthvIrAja rAya mAdi esI hI racanA hai| gujarAtI kA kAma de prabandha 'yA Akila kA samarArAba" Men imamsa -Hore and Agri-worship : hty Burlyle Page 152 - dekhie pamanAtha ravikAnhade prbNdh| 4. ApaNA kviyo|bii0kaa AstrI pu021-22||

Page #592
Adi isI prara ke prabandha hai| purAnI rAjasthAnI prabandhasaMjJaka racanAmoM kI paraMparA bahuta surakSita rahI hai| vIM zatAbdI meM isa prakAra ke vimala prabaMdha (saM0 1568) mAdhavAnalakAma-kanvalA prajandha, sadaya vatsavIra prabandha gAdi andha isI prakAra ke hai| prabandha racanAoM ke zilpake nizcita tatva nahIM hai| yo mAnava kalyANa aura jIvana ko preraNA tathA AnaMda kI ora le jAne kA uddezya to praloka satakAmA kA honA cAhie para moTe rUpa meM jo pramukha nAta prabandha kAvya ke zilpa maivikSAI par3atI hai una bacana isa prakAra hai:(.) prabandha gadaH, apanA padarA meM kI huI sArtha racanA ko kahate hai| vikrama saMvat h 00 se 1500 taka aneka racanAeM hameM prabaMdha nAma se milatI hai yathA- kumArapAla prabandha, prabaMdha cintAmaNi. moja prabandha aadi| (a) ina prabandhoM meM nIra pujyoM ke carita varNana hote hai|at: ina kAvyoM meM sadhavIra dAnavIra dayAvIra aura dharmavIra tathA aitihAsika vyaktiyoM kA caritra citraNa hotA hai| . (1) utsAha varNana bhI ina kAvyoM meM hotA hai| (4) prabandha kAma-varita, pavAr3I, prabandha, rAso, chaMda, malokoM Adi aneka nAmoM se barSita hote hai jinameM da vaividhya hotA hai| (5) prabandha kAya vizeSa rasa madhAna rahanA hotI hai jisakI railI bhojapUrNa yA pravAha pUrNa hotI hai| (8) prabandha kAvya kA buTata jyAta yA aitihAsika hotA hai aura vaha eka zrRMkhalAbaddha racanA hotI hai| (7) parivanAyaka dhIrodAta hotA hai usameM zreSTha purUSoM ke saba guNa vidyamAnaba hote hai| 10 meM aneka bAra aura kAlpanika kathAeM bhI hotI hai| (9) pra kAvyoM meM vividha varNana hote hai| (..) usameM jIvana ke prati eka saMdeza hotA hai| - - - _.. dekhie gujarAtI sAhitya nA svampo- ma0ra0 majamUdAra pR071|

Page #593
vastutaH ye sAmAnya bAte prabandha kAyoM meM hotI hai| pastu racanAoM kA nAma hI prabandha ho gyaa| jisa taraha kA baMdha kRtiyAM hameM upalabdha hotI hai usI prakAra prabandha saMzaka racanAeM bhii| ina svanAoM meM ukta prabandhamUlaka pravRttiyAM kA miAha kahA~ taka hai yaha ThIka ThIka nahIM kahA jA sakatA para itanA avazya hai ki prabandha zailI meM race hue kucha rA aura phAgu kAvyoM meM gathA- bharatezvarabAhubalI rAsa, saMvadhAnDaba varita rAma, neminAtha gae samarArA, jina para ima pahale vicAra kara cuke hai, isa prakAra kI mAlliyAM pUrNatayA dekhane ko milatI hai| isa prakAra paravartI kAyoM meM prabandha kinhIM vizeSa sImAoM meM nahIM baMdhA huA dIkha par3atA hai| prabandha abda kisI bhI paTya racanA yA viziSTa prakAra kI pata rA ke lie prayukta ho sakatA hai| svayaM mAnIta yA stavana bhI apane meM prabandha hotA hai|vaastv meM rakhanAoM ko sulanAtmaka dRSTi se dekhane para aisA lagatA hai ki inake lie koIlabANika tatvavizeSa nahIM milte| sAdhAraNataH aisI racanAoM meM kucha isa prakAra ke jIvanta tatyoM kA samAveza apane Apa ho jAtA hai| prabandha zailI para liI gaI, racanA meM apekSAkRta eka vistAra bhI hotA hai| usameM kavi ko apanA kAvya kauzala prastuta karane aura apanI anubhUtiyoM kI vadhArtha abhiyanA karane kA prA pUrA avasara rahatA hai| vaividhya kI dRSTi se bhI isa prabandhoM kA mahatva hai|dii ke sa isa sAnoM kA visa milatA hai| bhASa hI kAbya mA~ tathA liyoM ke mameM bhI ina prabandha zyoM kI sArthakatA spaSTa hotI hai| kue manthoM meM aitihAsikatA, dAna varNana ga varNana carita varNana mAvikA vivecana milavAyA babalI yA anya moM meM prabandha sakSaka racanAoM kA bhAva dikhAI paDA hai| isa prakAra ke zilpa liekavi kisI nizcita saMdeza Adarya tathA anya jIva sAtavyamA palTa ko junatA hai prabandha kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA yahI hai ki vaha saba prakAra se apane meM pUrNa ho tathA kisI nizcita uddezya se mAnava mabANa kA saMdezade ske|

Page #594
AdikAla kI ina hindI jaina racanAoM meM ke zilpa sambandhI kaI racanAeM milatI hai parantu prabandha sajaka racanAe~ bahuta hI kama saMkhyA meM milatI hai| adyAvadhi isa dizA meM sirpha tIna hI racanAeM upalabdha ho sakI hai jinameM (.) tribhuvana dIpaka pradhanudha ( sudana meThajIla prabandha (6) parata bAhunahI prabandha pramukha hai| tritana para prabaMdha isa paraMparA kI mahatvapUrNa kahI hai| yaha rabamA mayAvadhi upalabdha lAmama mamI racanAoM maulika tathA atinutana hai| paratabAhubalI prabaMdha kI prati prAdhya hai| itihAsa prathoM tathA prApta TippaNiyoM ke AdhAra para Adi ke dharanoM dubArA hI hama kRSi kI mAga kApAricaya prApta kara sakate hai| prabaMdhaka kRti (tribhuvana dIpaka prabandha eka vRhata rakSA )jisameM kavi kA mahA kAvyatya, vivAdAnikatA. AcArya-jIvana-bArila Adi dhamI kA varNana nikhara uThA hai| yo prabandha hAmAnya batvoM kA nirIkSaNa karane para lagabhaga sabhI satvoM kA isa racanA meM hameM sammAnita milatA hai| tribhuvana dIpaka prabaMdha ke racayitA kisI jayavara mUri sUri jI apane samaya ke pratiSThita kaviyoM ke the| saMskRta aura prAta mI kavi kI pratimA asaadhaarnnsii| kavine aura prAIbahira hi mohandasUriAi aMcala ma paTTara kI patnI prApta karane ke bAda kariyara meM vi. RHIT magara skR na vivAmi kI ramA vi meM svayaM apanA pariNaya diyA hai| prakRyA aura 1- vaiziSa nAba prabanAtA (2) minadIpakaprapAkAmAlaka bhagavAna mAdhI - -purAtva dira jayapura prahapuraviDa - pUrvara kaviyoHmohanalAha dekhAIbhAga pra . -2| 4. kamiyaradhImAna riH zrI bAra nApi vA viSaya malA vimA pIroSa riyApaSiyakA : pipuvndiipkprbNdh-pu.||

Page #595
prAkRta sAhitya meM sUri jI kI sevAeM adhika hai| kavi kA mahAkavitva unhIM prathoM ke AdhAra para dekhA jA sakatA hai| kavi ke saMskRta andhoM meM 12 hajAra zlokoM kA prasiddha manndha upadeza cintAmaNi (saM0 1 // 2) hai| isake pazvAha kavi ne saM0 2 meM dhammilacarita mahAkAvya aura jaina kumAra saMbhava nAmaka do mahAkAvya lile| jaina kumAra saMbhava mahAkAvya ke antima zloka meM to kavi ko gharasvatI ivArA baradAna dene kI sUcanA bhI milatI hai| ina granthoM atirikta khaMjaya tIrtha ivA vizikA, giranAra giri ivAtriMzikA mahAvIra nivA ivikA (ma saMskRta) AtmA va bodhakulaka (prAkRta) dharma sarvasva Adi kRtiyoM ke atirikta upara ciMtAmaNyavari, upaveza mAlA va cUri, puSpa mAlAvari, kriyAgupta stotra, chanda zekhara navatatva kulaka ajita zAnti stavana Adi grantha bhI kavi ne banAe hai| isa taraha kavi apane samaya ke vidvAna vyaktitvoM meM se the gaha spaSTa hai| jayazekharapAri me vikrama meM saMskRta meM prabodha cintAmapi kAvya racanA yaha kAvya maka kAvya hai| ata: isI kAvya prabhAvita hokara kavi ne prastuta kRti tribhuvana dIpaka prabamtha kI racanA kI hai| tribhuvana vIpaka prabandha kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA yaha hai ki vaha eka upaka kAvya hai| jisake pakatva para hama bhAge vicAra kreNge| kavi kA prazna kA vA kA hai ki sambhavataH unakA basa vIM aura 15vIM khAnI kI sa hI dilI mA hogA kyoki unake kamAI kA bIyA samaya - met milana dIpaka prabandha kara liTA gayA yaha bAta nizcaya pUrva kI nahIM kahA jA sakdA panta kyoMki 49 kavi prapoSa miyAmapi kAya liyA aura kyoki pramodha kinbAmani eka prakAra tribhuvana dIpaka prabandha pI sakata paka 1-bApIvastabaraviraM vinavIna svarva nirmita goM namAra sayaba mahAkA prabakAyA:- tribhuvanadIpaka prabancha /

Page #596
kAvya hai ataH yaha kAvya saM0 1415 ke bAda meM hI likhA gayA hogaa| isa kAvya ke zilpa para prabodha cintAmaNi kI chAyA bhI spaSTa parilakSita hotI hai| kavi ne ise usI AdhAra para hI likhA hai| ata: kavi kA racanA kAla 15vIM zatAbdI ke uttarAIgha kA prathama caraNa hI rahA hogaa| jayazekhara ke sambandha meM jAti, sthAna Adi gata sUcanAeM kucha milatI nhiiN| vo yaha anumAnataH kahA jAsakatA hai ki kavi kA janma gujarAta meM hI huA hogaa| jayazekhara kI ziSya paraMparA bhI bar3I sampanna thI jisameM dharmazavara sUri kI jainakumAra saMbhava kAvya kI bhASA TIkA aura mANikya andara mUri kI utkRSTa gamakRti-pRthvIcanda carita atyanta prasiddha hailo hindI ma sAhitya meM gadya kAvya ke paddhava kI sUcaka hai| kRti kA nAma tribhuvana dIpaka prabandha yA parapaIsa prabandha bhI milatA hai| zrI mohanalAla desAI ne bhI isakA nAma paramahaMsa prabandha diyA hai| kavi ne tribhuvana dIpaka ke sAtha prabandha banda kyoM likhA hai isakA kAraNa bahuta spaSTa ho nahIM batAyA jA sakatA parantu yaha anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki sambhavataH prabaMdha zailI meM lisA gAne, yA vistAra meM likhane athavA prabandha kama meM maka kAvya kA saphala nivaDa karane ke lie hI rakhA ho| vaisA ki pahale kahA jA cukA hai| goM prabandha nAma se koI kAvya pa athavA isa sambandha meM koI vizeSatA svataMtra meM nahIM miltii| svayaM kaba ne pI anta meM se pra hA hai| prAraMbha kavi jaba saba botAoM yA pAThakoM ko sAvadhAna karatA hai vaha andhakA bhASa savivAra likhA pala isa nAma se adhika saMgata mAma mibhuvana dIpaka prabandha yA paramahaMsa prabandha hI lagatA hai kyoMki eka ko kRSi yA kAvya hai| dUsare isI tribhuvana eka rAjya varNita mA isake atirikta kavi ne pa mama 1-bhASaNa kviyo| zrIkAmAvI-2011 jainabarAyo-prathamapAma.14-zrI mohanalAla dekhaaii| 4. misanabIpakapaTa prabandha pApa para samuhahana maMca-sivana-dIpaka-prabaMdha. T48 zrI maacii| 4- sAvadhAna barasa baraDi vivA-bahIbar3I

Page #597
paramahaMsa nAmaka nAyaka kA caritra varNana kiyA hai ata: yaha kAvya kA paramahaMsa prabandha nAmakaraNa bhI sArthaka hI lagatA hai| tribhuvana dIpaka bhI utanA hI sArthaka hai jitanA parama haisa haMsa prbndh| kyoMki isameM bhI tamasAnna tribhuvana meM kavi ne dIpaka jalAyA hai| nissaMdeha yaha kAvya mAnava jIvana ko mAyA rAnI ke phere se bacA kara bhAsmonnati ko bahuta prazasta kara diyA hai| tribhuvana dIpaka prabandha mAha bhaTake prANI ko satpatha kI ora sara karatA hai|yh mata kI asata para vijaya hai| zarIra kI pravRttiyoM ke phera meM par3akara mana kitanA gira jAtA hai para satpravRttiyoM me vA punaH rAste para A jAtA hai| rUpaka yo para vivAra karane se pUrva yahI ma kAvyoM kI paraMparA para saMkSepa meM vinAra karanA Avazyaka pratIta hotA hai| kisI bAta ko mAne dRSTAnto vArA puSTa karane ke lie hI kavi maka paddhati kA sahArA letA hai| isa rUpaka kA saphala niyojana evaM nigaha utkRSTa kalA hai| upaka andha hindI sAhitya meM bahuta hI kama saMkhyA meM upalabdha hai| upara kAvyoM kI paraMparA kA ubhava saMskRta kAvyoM sehI huA hai| saMskRta bhASA meM isa prakAra ke kAvyoM kA zrI gaNeza nATakoM meM adhika dekhane ko milatA hai|sNskRt meM milane vAle kAvyoM kI nAmAvalI isa prakAra hai. saMta sAhitya meM- 10vIM bavAbdI kI upapini bhava prapaMca thaa| kRSNa miza kA * prabodha caMdrodaya naattk| yApAla kA * moDaparAjaya naattk| baTanAva kA . manya dhody| anaMtanArAyaNa rikA-mAyA vijy| bAdicandra kA * bhAna puurvody| padara kA . mAna candrodaya / bhAnaMdarAma bhI kA. vidyA paripAna aura bIvAnaMdana nATaka jayadevara kA . prabodha cintAmaNi? Adi saMskRta kI

Page #598
539 pramukha rUpaka kRtiyAM hai| prAvRta meM rUpaka kAvyoM kA prAyaH abhAva hai sirpha prAkRta gAthA meM kavi jayarAma ne dharma pariktA kI racanA kii| apabhraMza meM saM0 1044 meM hariNa kI dhammapariktA, soma prabhAcArya kurA saM0 1241 kA jIvanakaraNa saMlApakathA, kumAra pATha kA prati bodha nAmaka prAkRta prantha kA aMza hai jo dhArmika kathAvadudha rUpaka kAvya hai harideva kRta madana parAjaya rUpaka kAvya hai| isake atirikta nRtyAsthAna, tathA jJAna sarvo nATaka bhI pramukha rUpaka kAvya hai / hindI sAhitya meM rUpaka kAvyoM kI paraMparA jaina kavi paiyA bhagavatI dAsa (vIM zatAdI) ke caitana caritra se hI prArambha honA zrI paramAnaMda zAstrI jI ne likhA hai| parantu usase bahuta pUrva 15vIM zatAbdI meM jo jayazekhara sUrI kA prastuta kAvya upalabdha huA hai vaha purAnI hindI kA hai| ataH zAstrI jI ke kathana kA parihAra isase ho jAtA hai aura isa iSTi se hindI rUpaka kAvyoM kI paraMparA 300 varSa aura purAnI siddha ho jAtI hai| isa prakAra yadi Adhunika hindI rUpaka kAvyoM ke se yadi eka vIrA bIMcI gaya to usameM Adi kAla kA tribhuvana dIpaka prabandha, paiyUyA bhagavatIdAsa kA caitana carita, tulasI kA rAma carita mAnasa aura prasAda kI kAmAyanI vAdi racanAeM eka hI DI meM bAdhI jAsakatI hai| vastuta: AdikAla meM rUpaka kAvyoM kI paraMparA kA prArambha karane kA zreya tribhuvana dIpaka prabandha ko hI hai| yaha prAcIna rAjasthAnI kI bhASA kI sundara racanA hai| 15vIM zatAbdI ke carita kAvyoM maiM bhI isI prakAra brAjinavAsa kA lila eka kAvya paramahaMsa barita milatA hai aura isI prakAra yaha paraMparA va ravIM zatAbdI meM mohaviveka rAsa, jJAna kalaza capaI Adi granthoM ke rUpameM ravi milatI hai| nirgataH 11vIM zatAbdI se pUrva kI koI yaka kRti upalabdha nahIM hai| grejI meM bhI isa prakAra kI rUpaka tatva pradhAna racanAoM kA ullekha mila jAtA hai| yaha paraMparA videza meM bhI thii| yUropa ke madhyakAlIna brisTa bhaktoM ne bhI rUpaka kAvya kI racanA kI thI kavi vainiyana kA pilImsa

Page #599
560 progresa isI prakAra kA prasiddha plegarI kAvya hai| 1vIM zatAbdI ke bAda gujarAtI bhASA meM bhI isa prakAra ke kucha kAvya mila jAte haiN| jIvarAma paTTa kRta jIvarAja baiTha nI musApharI aura premAnanda kRta viveka baNajArA Adi grantha udAharaNArtha liye jA sakate hai| vastutaH Dresa prakAra ke choTe choTe rUpaka kAvya AdikAlIna hindI sAhitya meM milate haiN| rUpaka kAvyoM kI zilpagata vizeSatAeM saMkSepa meM rUpaka kAvya kI mukhya pravRttiyoM va vizeSatAoM kA vivecana isa prakAra kiyA jA sakatA hai: 10 3 3 4 50 rUpaka grantha manuSya ke guNa svabhAva mAcAra vicAra Adi adRzya aura nirAkAra mAva sajIva bhAropaNa karake unakA dehadhArI pAtroM kI bhA~ti varNana hotA hai usameM unakA varNana lakSaNa kArya Adi vaise hI sajIva hote haiN| isa prakAra AdyopAnta rUpakoM kI isa zrRMkhalA ko upaka graMthI kahA jA sakatA hai rUpaka ko balAbaddha karane meM kadi kA kAvya kauzala darzana jJAna aura vAgvaidagutha sabhI kA paricaya mila jAtA hai| ina kAvyoM meM kavi kA va avalokana aura bArIka tathA parimANAtmaka dRSTi kI apekSA hai| bAyopAnta pUre rUmaka kA zilpa nimAnA bar3A kaThina kArya hai| smaka kAvya meM rasa kI niSpatti bhI saphalatA se hotI hai| zrI majabUdAra likhate haiM ki game devA spAlA patra nirjIva muDadA karatA kAMika badazakla paNa mAro ne bhI bharapUra ko beharo vadhAre manohara lage ke temaja bhA mahA meM pana hai jo marasa rUpI jIva nathI to tatva jJAna ApalA erstreet kevala fagaaa ne sTAlo upajAvanArI hai| isa prakAra upaka kAvya meM vividha vilyama bAhoM kA dhyAna rakhanA par3atA hai| tribhuvana dIpaka meM kavi ne ina sabhI bAtoM ko lagabhaga surakSita rakkhA hai| sos area meM amUrta bhAva mUrta rUpa meM citrita kie jAte hai| hRdayastha manovegoM

Page #600
kA indriyoM dvArA sAkSAtkAra yA tAdAtmya karAne ke lie kavi ina rupaka kAnoM meM rUpaka aura upamA kA sahArA letA hai| rUpaka kAvyoM kI racanA kA uddezya pAThaka aura zrotAoM ko antabhAvoM aura manovegoM kI ora AkRSTa karate hue unheM AdhyAtma kI ora unmukha karanA hai| kyoMki rAgI aura viSaya vAsanAoM meM rakha AtmAoM para vaisa koI pramAva aMkita nahIM hotA|ata: unheM aneka rUpoM evaM upamAnoM kA lobha disAkara tvaM hita kI ora lagAne kA upakrama kiyA jAtA hai| maka kAvyoM kI puSTi paraMparA prAcIna kAla se hI AI huI jAna par3atI hai parantu vartamAna meM jo upamAna upameya ma sAhitya upalabdha hai usase usakI prAcInatA kA spaSTa AmAsa mila jAtA hai| nATya zAstra kI isa ukti-avasthAnukRtinI-Tya samaM dRzyAtayogyave isa sUtra ke anusAra ma athavA aka kI vyAkhyA ke AdhAra para kavi rUpako ivArA pAnAoM kA mUrta svama prastuta karatA hai| parantu kyoM ki sakA aucitya zravya kyA meM adhika hone se vizAla rUpa vAle sasaka kAvya loka priya nahIM ho ske| kyoMki sapA tatva raMgamaMca para kama hI jamatA hai aura AdhyAropoM ke aMgoM Aropita vAstavikatA prayoga kI salatA bAdhA pavAjI pUrvabhAva aphnibata pAtroM kA kArya karane meM asamartha ho jAte hai| ata kI ghaTanA imba kI apekSA anya aura kyA vizva anukUla par3atI hai| ise dekhakara kavi jabara bhUri ne prayoga baMdha kA mArga chor3akara kAvya baMdha kA mArga liyA jo adhika mata bana pAyA hai| +- anekAna- 4 kila aula, 115 saka kAvya paraMparA-zrI paramAnanda , jI . 159-25 // 2 nahIM - gujarAtI sAhityamA svamo. ivArA majamUdAra: pU. 1986

Page #601
pAra kAThagoM kA dUsarA nAma pratIka kAvya bhI hai| kavi kucha nizcita manovegoM gA manobhAyoM ko pAtra mAna letA hai aura ve manobhAva AdyopAnta pAnoM kA pratinidhitva karate hai| isa taraha pUre kAvya kI khya saMvedanA inhIM pratIkoM ke AdhAra para pUrI hotI hai|vstutH ina pratIkoM kA ma manubhya ke hAva pAtra, guNa avaguNa, pravRttimA, zArIrika aMga, Adi aneka tatvoM ko diyA jAsakatA hai aura ye pravRttiyAM jIvita pAtroM kI bhAti vastu kA vahana karatI hai| ina movRttimUlaka pAtroM kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA yaha hai ki ye svabhAvika hote hai tathA laukika ara alaukika donoM smoM meM inakA nivADa hotA hai tathA ke asat tatvoM kA parAbhava dilA pAnavatA ko vijaginI banAne kA saMdeza dete hai| isa prakAra ina rupaka kAvyoM kA bar3A mahatva hai| upaka kAvyoM para prakAza DAlate hue zrI ramaNalAla zAha ne liyA hai ki AmA rupaka kAre mahatvaca nI prastu e khyAla mA rAkhabAnI hoya he ke bareka pAtra na vartana anI bhASika khAsiyate pramANe ja batAvatrAmA ATha hoya aTale ke Acitya pUrNa mAletana meja menI moTA mA moTI sUjI, moTA mA moTI siddhi ane moTA mA moTI moTI hoya hai| usaka aucitya pUrNa jhAlekhana parAvaI nazrI hota te vAyakAphI vAjaka ne rasa paDato madhI hoThomika prabhI bhI dhAre pAtro ane ma anI kyA vadhAra laMbAtI jAya, sema tenA kavinI sauTI ythaare| araneja vI sAvatyavAlI para aMthIyona bana kara hai ka kapaI kArya manAya hai| sAmAnya vyavahAra mA saMsAra sAgara mAnaba aherAmaNa, jIvana vAya, kAla gaMgA ityAdi abda upako Apane prayojIna sImA parantu jaika mAlI syaka, graMthInI vADI kRSTi kvI hoya hai bibhuvana dIpaka prabandha nI kyA para bhI badhAre spaSTa rIta smaar|

Page #602
563 jo bhI ho, rupA kAvyoM kI paramparA meM tribhuvana dIpaka prabandha eka mahatvapUrNa sopAna hai jo paravartI upaka kAvyoM kA udgama kahA jA sakatA hai| pina dIpaka prabaMdha: kyA aura vizleSaNa - saMskRta bhASA meM jaba vidvAnoM evaM ividhavAdI logoM ke lie isI kavi ne jaba prabodha cintAmaNi likhA to use jana sAdhAraNa ke lie bhI saMbhavataH eka mundara kAvya prastuta karane kI iT huI hogI aura usI bhAvanA sudhAra aura AdhyAtma pracAra ke lakSya se protsAhita hokara kavi ne yaha kAvya jana bhASA yA purAnI hindI meM likhA hai| kAvya meM katI- ne saMskRta mphA kAvya kI lagabhaga samI jIyAra vidhAoM TT kiyA hai| isa kAvya ke spaka tatva aura kyA tatva kA vizleSaNa isa prakAra kiyA jA sattA hai| kyA kA laukkima meM saphala nitIha hai|bhuin eka vizAla rAjya jisakA rAjA paramaIsa / parama Isa ke atyanta sundarI raanii| nAma yetnaa|donoN apanA samaya jIvana AnaMda se bitAte hai| eka bAra rAjA paramahaMsa mAyA nAmakI sundarI para mugdha ho gyaa| cetanA ko jaba yaha jJAta huA to unako rokA aura usakA kAraNa batAyA ki mAyA se jIvana aura rAjya kI hAni hogii|prntu rAjA jI mana gae, mAne nhiiN| rAjA ne yahA taka ki mAyA ke saundarya ke pIche nA kI upekSA kara usakA tyAga kI kara diyaa| phalataH rAyA saMkaTa meM par3a gayA mAvA kesAtha bhaTakane se usakA sabasta tribhuvana kA rAjya balA gyaa|raajaa vivaza hogA aura pakoTA rAjya kAbA nagarI basAkara rahane lgaa| isa kAyA nagarI kA samasta kAryapAra mana maMtrI para chor3a kara vizvasta ho gayA hai parantu mana do duSTatA kA pratirUpa hai| mana amAtya kI bAta mAnane se rAjA para bhArI vyAghAta aura saikTa A jAte hai| usane rAjA para mAnaka karake usako kArAgAra meM DAla diyA, rAjya kA svAmI svayaM bana baitthaa| samasta rAjya kA vinAza kara diyaa| rASA parapasa ko aba apanI priyarAnI vetanA kI sArI bAte smaraNa hotI hai| rAjA ko bar3I mAtmagalAni aura pazcAtApa hone lagatA hai|

Page #603
564 pana amAtya kA parivAra bhI bahuta bar3A hai| usakI do savatI patniyoM kA nAma pravRtti aura nivRtti hai pravRtti kA putra moha aura nivRtti kA viveka / donoM ghose se nivRtti aura viveka ko bAhara bheja detI hai aura apane putra moha ko rAjasiMhAsana de detI hai| moha avidayAnagarI kA zamana kase lagatA hai / avilyA nagarI moDa svayaM kI hI basAI hotI hai| moha kI rAnI gIlI dumati hotI hai aura usake tIna putra aura tIna putriyoM hotI hai kAma, duveka aura rAga putra aura mAri (hiMsA) adhRti aura nidrA ye tIna putriyo| apane upayukta AvAsa khojate nivRtti aura usakA viveka pravacana purI meM A jAte hai aura ibha aura dama nAmaka vRkSoM kI pItala hAyA meM jAkara baMdanA karate hai aura apane bhaviSya ke muSa dukha ko pAye hai| kulapati apanI putrI pupati ke sAtha viveka kA vivAha karanA cAhatA hai usane prabacanapuri ke svAmI arihaMtarAya ko prasannara liyA aura usase kArya meM yoga dene kI prArthanA kii| usake Adeza donoM kA vivAha ho jAtA hai aura viveka ke kAryoM se prasanna hokara arihaMta rAya use punya raMga-pATama kA adhiSThAtA banA dete haiN| sAtha hI viveka ko yaha bhI samajhAte hai ki yadi tuma unakI putrI saMyama zrI ke sAtha bhI vivAha karako do raoM kA pUrNa niAra kara skoge| paranta viveka do patniyoM ke pariNaya kalA nahIM jA pIra dhIre viveka vaibhavazAlI hone lgaa| usa rAjya vistRta aura vyaktitva maka hone lagA to pravRtti kA moraIcI karane lagA aura use apane anucara baiM ibArA yaha jJAta ho jAtA hai ki aba saMbhavataH viveka mere rAjyapara mAnava karegA vo bahasa ho jAtA hai aura apane bar3e kaI makAna ko anya raMga pATaka para AmaNa karake vikako adha meM harAne kA mAdezave dekhA hai| kAma kA prayAma HTS mAnakArI sabako kAma banA ddaalaa| saba kAmuka ho ge|vivek ko pI mA pAine usI samaya nizcita yiA ki kAma (vAnA ) bacane navala eka hI mArga hai aura vaha saMbana zrI kA baramA viveka rabI samaya pravacana purI lIvarama ko pAMca mAnA hai| para zAyaraMga nArI ko kAma jIva letA para viveka nikala jAnA , vivekA kAma kI vijaya apUrNa rhii|

Page #604
ughara trika prakcana nagarI meM saMyamatrI kA pANigrahaNa kara letA haisiyamatrI ke varaNa meM vijeka ko tapa evaM saMyama se ajeya astra zastra mile| sAtha hI unakI bar3I asAdhAraNa senA bhii| mainya kI sahAyatA se vaha moha para AkramaNa ra detA hai donoM meM bhArI yaitha hotA hai| moha burI taraha ghAyala hokara parAsta hokara mArA jAtA hai pravRtti putra zoka vihvalA ho jAtI hai aura mana ko bhI putra pratya kI bar3I pIr3A hotI hai para apane dUsare zubha viveka ke samakAne se vaha dhyAnarUpI rA sarovara meM nimagana ho jAtI hai aura vijitendriyA bana kara mukha prApta karatI hai| viveka svayaMapane pitA manako pIuNdeza dete hai| idhara cetanA rAnI kA kArya bhI ullekhanIya hotA hai|vh paramahaMsa rAgA ko kAyAnagarI aura mAyA ke moha baMdhanoM se mukta karA puna: unne tribhuvana kA rAjA banAtI hai| cetanA rAnI aneka boM taka ajJAta vAsinI bana kara rahatI hai aura aba use yaha jAna ho jAtA hai ki moha para viveka kI vijaya huI to vaha punaH viveka se sahAyatA mAgatI hai aura isa prakAra mahArAja paramahaMsa punaH tribhuvana kA sAnanda zAsana karane lagate hai| anta meM kavi bharata vAkya kahakara kAvya samApta karatA hai| saMviSa tribhuvana dIpaka kA thA aura maka batva yahI prastuta kama kAvya meM spaka tatvoM kA nirvAha kavi ne bahuta hI alatA se kiyA hai| pratyeka pAlI kika pa meM bhI kyA sUtra ko pUrNatayA puSTa karate hai| madhyugIna hindI sAhitya meM tulasI ne rAmacarita mAnasa meM kavi ne mAnasa paka ko spaSTa kiyA hai ki mI bAdhyAtmika nirvAha aura manovRttiyoM ke pratIka bahuta saphala nahI bno| parantu kavi ne kI koli kI ki balokika mAvi ThiAkara kAma yA satya satya ko parama puSTa kiyA hai| Adhunika kAvya meM jAkara prayAda kI kAvAmI bhI ho sakatatva kI puSTi milatI hai dudhA yanu, mAnava yA pAnoM sAtha mA laNyA kAya, niveda, saMdharva, mAnanda nAdi moM mAnahI manogoM kI pratIka bonA spaSTa hotI hai| kAsya ko dekhakara yA lAnA ki vaha kavi ne baina kaviyoM ke saMskRta meM liinhIM granthoM prabhAva se paka pati ko apanAyA homaa|

Page #605
566 jayazekharasUri ne paramahaMsa, cetanA, mAyA, moha, pravRtti, nivRtti, sumati, saMyama, zrI, arihaMta, kAma, rAga, dveSa, Adi sabhI pratIkoM kA sundara nirvAha kiyA hai| kavi kA yaha aucitya aura pAtra-saMgati ullekhanIya hai| laukika rUpa meM kyA tatva kA parIkSaNa karane para bhI yaha bahuta spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki kavi ne kathA satya ke mAdhyama se hI itanI AdhyAtmika sarasa kathA banAI hai| kathA tatva ke isa vikAsa ko hama Age ke pRSTha para rekhA citra duvArA spaSTa kara rahe hai| rekhA citra dvArA kathA kA kramika vikAsa dekhA jA sakatA hai ki kisa prakAra nAyaka adhikAra rekhA se dUra hotA gayA aura kitane prayAsoM ke pazcAt use punaH tribhuvana pura kA rAjya prApta huA / rUpaka ke rUpa meM bhI yaha spaSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai ki kisa prakAra paramahaMsa duSpravRttiyoM se prerita hokara kaSTapAtA hai aura jaba taka saMyamazrI viveka aura cetanA kI sahAyatA nahIM pA letA usakA tribhuvana rAjya vinAza kI ora agrasara ho jAtA hai| ukta rekhA citra dvArA sthiti bahuta spaSTa ho jAtI hai| prArambha meM kavi ne maMgalAcaraNa meM paramezvara va sarasvatI kI vaMdanA kI hai| kAvya stavana se hI prArambha AsaMgIta meM DUbakara kavi ne rAga dhanyAsI meM yaha maMgala liyA hai: pahila para namI ali avicala vivi samara samarasi bhIlavI iMsAni sarasatti mAnasa para jo nirmala, karaDa kutuhala sa vA sarahati raMgi kahara, jogI jAvaI Isa pAnI pAni sAminI mana sarasati pAri imI, mIThe mana vAri dIva 1. tribhuvana dIpaka prabandhaH zrI gAMdhI pR0 1 pada 1-2-3 /

Page #606
apresi mAyA kA praveza mAyA va paramahaMsa kA prema vidhvaMsa paramahaMsa kA choTA rAjya kAyA nagarI kAma viveka yuddha putriyAM haMsI vidhvaMsa (mana kI mana kA sAmrAjya pravRti (patnI) nivRti (patnI) moha (putra) viveka (putra) durti (patnI) amAtya mana kA praveza cetanA kA praveza paramahaMsa kI sahAyatA vivekI kI sahAyatA se punaH rAjya prApti 567 vijaya) vidhvaMsa kAma kI mRtyu pravRti va mana ko viveka kI sAntvanA putra roga duvaiSa koryA ma paramahaMsa rAjA cetanA rAnI tribhuvana viveka kA kAma para AkramaNa pravacanapurI zama dama vRkSadvaya kAma ke anucara daMga kA praveza viveka nivRti saMyamazrI viveka paramahaMsa Paganapura jUbhUmi kAma kA viveka AkramaNa niSkAsana viveka va saMyama zrI vivAha rAjA arihaMta rAya putrI (saMyamatrI) kulapati trimalabodha kA AvAsa sumati (putrI - vivAha prapyaraMga-pATaNa nagarI (rAjya) fade kA aftetarAya ke pAsa kAma se Dara kara palAyana puna: rAjya prApti

Page #607
568 kavi ne navama rasa kI mahimA sarasvatI kA AdhAra aura rasajJa zrItA sabakA ullekha prArambha meM kara diyA hai.. devI dIdI sarisa maI didA dasama-nAri karisi vista mohAmaNa sA sarasati AdhAri se ghaTa-mundhi ajANatA, karaI kyA kanlola pAMghara te paraharI, girisiri maMDaI Tola navamA rasabamarisama pari AThi ANiuhi gurugA guNi agalA muDava Di maiDiu tehi sevItA kavi rasa virasa ikAikika joDa navamau zima jima mevIi 'tima tiyamI hoDara kavi ne zrotAoM ko zAna varNana karane kI sUcanA dekara moha nidrA se sAvadhAna kiyA hai: puNya pApa te bhai TalaI dIsai zukla-dyAra sAvadhAna te saMbhalA haramisa vicArakavine rAjA paramahaMsa kA svama varNana aura mAvA kA sundara citra diyA hai| paramahaMsa ke aura rAnI paiThanA ke mukhamaya jIvana aura Ananda pramoda sAdha mAyA ke mohaka sa rAjA ko dekhanA kA sivAna desipaH. bhayaDI re ramamI masta mayagamanI deSI bhUlara tribhavana dhaNI amRta iMDi kima biE TORY samudra kI na nIlA saravara pAhana daya para jalA, parapi bhAri ka na salasalAi ravi pi vArasA poradhArA para dhAra kima aMgAra 1- vahI pd|

Page #608
569 nAri-bhariyA rAI saghalA desa caMcala camakaI save sube ThAmiThAmi jai mADisi prema, jAne divasi na dekaDe mu Ame choha bhIti jAvatarI, beTI dhana bhojani bAgarI gAra traiha asatIna neDa, daiva dekhAui pahilA le mADa bolAvai pinArau marma pa pUraDa chai gaNikA dharma ve je Amai pahana I milayA, raMka rAva jibhate sati bhanthA ma kari ajANi strI vImAsa strI kahIi dArI vika pAsa divasA disai e sIbalI puSa tApa pisii jima sIyalI mau ki mANi huM na kaha svAmI, bIyA vAra tumhArai nAbhi rAnI kI isa sikhAgna para bhI paramahaMsa na maane| mAyA ne unheM naSTa kara diyA, aura rAjA kI mana amAtya se rAna pahicAna huii| dhana kA kadhi ne bar3A hI citrAtmaka varNana kiyA hai jo vividha dRSTAloM aura udAharaNoM se kiyA hai| mana rahii dIghau tara vyApAra, ApaNaca utArita bhAra manama hi saMu bhaIla bhUli, rAja kAja viNikIdhA li caMcala bahudisi sapaTa phiraDa, bIDa kohi nahII karai *trima pUtI hai visi dhADa, mAsa viDI ne bAi muhi mIThaLa mA viNala cIDi, mAvAsi nita mADA prIti aante mi jiiii kaahii bN baalti khnth caDita bIMcAyata baraDA hAvi cUDara mili bhAri mAthi vezAnara nai bAra vivAha vivara mI ki viralAla pula mAniu rAnI balaI pabaI merara u saphalai -(pada 19-32) mana kI rAnI Altra mora ne avidyAnagarI kI sthApanA kIvi ne asI avidyA nagarI kA pUrA varNana yiA hai| varSana kI mAlakAriktA aura vivAtmakyA dAMnI hai| jisameM kavi ne apane dArzanika vizlebala kA pratIkAtmaka parivA diyaa| 1- tribhuvana dIpaka prabandhaH zrI gopI padakA - -

Page #609
570 mADI mohi avidhA nAmi nagarI niyuvarA hiyar3A Tha avidyA-nagarI gar3ha ajJAna tuSNA bAi mIThu mAna kadAcA kosIsAThala pyAri igarti bahitI poli viSaya vyAya vA ArAma maMdira anumA mana pariNAma kAmAsana je kaDiyAM purAni baurAvI baTA te jAvi bhUri bhavaMtara merI huI rUDha budhite pari ghari mamatA pANI vAli kumata sarovara miyApAli nirvicAra nivaet vihA loka, thoDaI uttva thoDaI zoka timi nagarI iki dhAI yasa iki tAlo TeDa Taik sa iki gAi iki vAha dUra iki jAphalai ranaNi sUra ife nAva iki kaI mAla vAta karaI ke ThokI mAla (pada 60) isa prakAra avidyA nagarI meM mithuyA darzana maMtrI * vyasana * aMga * nirguNa saMgati samA, nAstika bAla mitra, amaI chatravara, jAlasa senApati, chadam purohita, kukavi rasoyA isa prakAra moharAja ke asAdhAraNa parivAra kA kramazaH varNana kiyA hai| pravacana purI meM arihaMtarAya kA varNana sumati aura viveka kA vivAha hone para kavi kA nagara varNana karane meM DUba mana ramA hai| varmana meM bhASA kI varalatA, va gaurava aura padalAlitya iSTa hai: ina nagari ritu rAma navarI siri diI DAkapA sa indra karaI ta seva koDa se maI deva lAina lAmA pAra aNi tra siri dhAriyA tA mukti miTa se bAvAra vanimaya trigaDa hamara vA anayA bAjar3a bhI hAtha kA galana puna gayama pramANa dharmaca maha mahala iti vici nAma jiTalas kATA thAI yo saba kanaka kamala te pAlI ba pIr3a pauvArI jAgA Dara, vaha viveka taka pAma asara (pada 81-84)

Page #610
571 isa prakAra kavi ne virodhAbhAsa meM arihaMta rAya kA nagara varNana kiyA hai| tribhuvana dIpaka prabandha meM kavi ne kAma kA prabhAva usakI sarvatra vijaya aura ajeya sthiti kA bar3A pArmika varNana kiyA hai| para sAtha hI saMbhavana kA varNana bhI atyanta utkRSTa hai: sijala rakbai saviThu kAli, baMdha-sarovara nava sarapAli saMgama-vana ati ruoiyAma, pAdraha deva vijayamA maNDa sukRta-mahAgaTi poli biyAri, dAna sIla tapa pAva vicAra virati na ars Avas koThi sadAcaraNa ko sIsA ko Di mana pariNAmAsa sAhU vasaI tiho lIla vilAsa zrutarasa-kUcaDI ghara ghara bAri, sadaguru vANI pAyI hAri (pada 164 ) viveka kI patnI sumati kA saundarya usakA AvAsa varNana kavi ne bar3I kuvalatA ke sAtha form hai| kavi kA AdhyAtmika varNana mAyA kI varalatA aura prAsAkitA atyanta manohArI vana par3I hai| sumati rAnI ke parivAra kA pratIkAtmaka varNana dekhie: rANI sumati karaNa anurAga jela beTara tasu babarAya saMvara samarasa lakSya kumAra bAla vibu puna nivAra maitrI karunA idita usa beTI baDhaya spanI reka muhatA vaDhi samakita lekhi, masvakAra vA bala dekhi upazama vinaya sarala saMtoSa, bihu mahAcara sadhara prathoma bAra peda pratimA nArahI ra keli vivA barata rahI prAyazvita puna pAnI haraDa zubha dhyAna baru chAnau phiras jJAna- hAra na bAvare para siri guru upade sAmAika vArI vAra, karma vivara nAhiM paDihAra kithA kalama sakla koThAra are artha bahuta maMDA vAti va jamIra hA guNa hI

Page #611
572 nAcaI pAtra timAna bAra avikata guNa gAI udAra bucha darzana basu sevaI bAra venI oka na lAbha pAra (pada 176) aura isake bAda viveka ke rAjya kA samUla vinAza karane ke lie kAma apane parivAra ke sAtha car3ha aayaa| dala bala sabala hokara kAma ne sarvatra trilokI meM vijaya prApta kara lii| brahmaloka meM sAvitrI kI bhInatA svIkAra kara lI, gopikA ne viSNu ko parAjita kara liyA, kailAzapati ko pArvatI ke sAtha baMdhanA par3A aura gautama bhAdi rikiyoM ko kAma prabhAva se unakI striyoM ke basa meM honA pdd'aa| yahIM nahIM usane cara acara sabako kAma pIr3ita kara diyaa| kavi ne bar3e hI ullAsa meM DUbakara isa vasaMta ritu kA cina hamAre sAmane khIMcA hai| kucha AlaMkArika udAharaNa dRSTavya hai: Ima kahatA pahA ritu vasaMta ula manamA dhamata saI hatyi vadhAi jaNa misesa, AdhI vivi bahinara asesa pApAta kalarava karaI maTa barija jaya siri aridha (iTa) paya aguDiya gAra varaMga parakariya paMca Idina turaMga kRSi kalpa-mahAratha bemi baMga, sAta vyasana-pAyA abhaMga visthA piyAna ri-ninAda, dala miliya vida jaba maravArika viSamabhuta AsaNa para itvi unmAva-pitu kisana itvi millika sara malla pi vivibhA, vipi karayali ki zima amumanAta patiriva puruSa zipi vikTavIri, gADiba nAri komala varIri tI sapAca miri, birAmi, paTTausI pahara svara mAmi magadha mana bAvI, badhira jima kIla kari gharati niya patI mimi sIma, ka -bApAvalI mana pAvavivAra kilba, ramipi ToDara pAyabaddha zakti pa siMkabalubArI amarasi kati kA nAgiNI kara yi, yAraM vilama marI-tvi nArI ravi nara pAsa, ballI parivaDiya rahiya masa

Page #612
573 ramatUra va jIDaM savama sukta mArgagaI DIli je laI lak jI bIsa puraMdara na mamAI se kaI raMga jima ramaNi pAi te paDhAI devA bAgama purANa je kalA bahuttari caraI jAna je sidhi vadha karatA vRddha gaMga, tI gorI kIdhA bhabya bhaMga (pada 225) isa prakAra kAma kA parAkrama, sakatA, aura zaurya kA varNana kavi ne kiyA hai| kAma ne yahI nahIM samasta brahamAMDa meM ilabala manAdI / kavi ne bIca bIca meM nAriyoM kA are fasa stee falApa kA varNana gIta paddhati se kiyA hai: katharIyar3A re kAI tumhe palaure pala madamakumAra kina jAvI milaTha vayariyar3A re . kavi ne dohA kA vahA prayoga kiyA hai| ukti kA anUThApana aura kAma kA varNana karane vAle kavi ke kucha utkRSTa dohe dekhie - pATU sAThI kAvaDA ana navaraMga ghATa, e amha kanhaI mAgi prema nitu ucATa dIva jaDa povaI huI pokaLaM vaha kAdhi, kAhI karI lAgA paraDA sAthi kama haya kama vUDalA, nAmodara kA e amha kaha (i) samagiri strI loga na pAra bAla bAli ki DAlane ta paraca cola kanDa mAgiti nitu usa moTha jivi bAI raMpI huI vivi mAI rADi, bari vAhini hAmI mahIna ema Di (pada 258) kavi ne viveka kA saMyamI ke sAtha viveka kA dAvigraha karAyA hai| vivAha kI tatkAlIna rIti rivAja, nAriyoM kA maMgala mAna, utsAha aura ullAsa kA prAyAki varmana karatA hai| viveka ko parI tathA meM ata siMha damana, agni jyAyAna rAcAveva mAdi kArya sampanna karatA hai: ......

Page #613
574 vAji aDA dUra aneka, nArikaraI javAraNI pa pariNIti re vIra viveka, sAjana huAA utAvalA e kahi kadama vAgha vikarAla karhi va pi hutAzana jAla giri upArTa dina AdhAra kaDi cAlate karavata cAra DIla paMcadala kara niSedha, kahA va sAtha rAdhAveva vrata rAjA manAvara kumAri sabhA parI jaba jevana hAri rAma duve ura maratA bIDa ne uThAyA ta akla avI pAMca mahAvrata pAcara meru, beDa vAtanau ma kariti ru bhuja balivIha upAhi bhAra tapa karavatanI bALa dhAra gAvIya parivaha upasarga bola moTA vavarI karaI klola sAhasa lAi te sImaI hanuvA rAuta pAyaka ravi mahA ---- heThI dRSTi jIvana dhyAna, uratha mukti mI saMdhAna tatva kalA vidhI mana vANi Ima pari rAkhAveca varavAni devI umAhI bAla bAyu kehi caka baramAla pIhari bRhatI kathA balIvADI mani pUgI kii| (328) vina vira ma pa jaNa dIvaI bIr3A jaba e leDa lagana vAdhAvi pani tehA bahU bhAi pravacana-puni vacAmIpa, mAI kA pa veliDi moraDI e pakavAne pariI oraDI e phira ebama amIra nitu karaI jina ilI jisakI mumanidhi hamIra (224) kavi ne ina varmanoM ke atirikta varSa bhI bar3I kalA ke sAtha kiyA hai|

Page #614
575 yuddha varNana ke sthaloM meM padalAlitya bhASA sauSThava aura artha gApIya Adi inTiyoM mebar3A utkRSTa hai| kavi kA bhAkA pravAha ullekhanIya hai vi nirveda aura AdhyAtma varNana meM hI bala nahIM hai apitu viveka aura moha ke yuddha ke zrI ri ne bar3e prabhAvazAlI citra bI :. asivara malakAvaI dala samahAvA mumati katA bhAvaha kIyA kaTakaTaca arihaMta kurA bAji mAna laIti pora abhipraha kAraka kiraI yoga aMga gayabara guDidhAI pumA bhAva uThaI savAra, ratha sahastra mIsa~ga adAra (40) sAlA jima dala mAphalyA gayavara gayabari marisA miliyA rathi rakha pAbaka pAyaki baDaI choDaLa sarisa miDai raLi lohana pahabaI kosi rAuta puraI ropi pAhA phalakaI bIja nisiyA, muramA mana tINa isiyA pAyaka puDhaI sabI ga. tI upari aparanA heja dhira pUri rama sAzyA gAI tira puTA pApA-mamadhAi lI duraMga mana zAhinA rAI, paravA nAITI bahA (0) bAI miDaI peDabaI bama, cAIbaI viSaI aMga ImA paI naI mA pAI robiI vikakkiA bolaI babaI mms hathiyAra moDa pAThavA rati-niyeka puravi gAlavA brahama iSi balakA nAma mora narida viveki ipiu pAnI bipi nIra barSa kaI bIra samaya maidA para umparAvRSTi miTi golagara (1) vikakI vijaya para mora kI praDa para usakI kI pravRtti aneka prakAra se baca hokara vilApa matI hai| kAma ne usakI banIya vA ko bhI bar3I ksama vApI

Page #615
576 pradAna kI hai| varNana kA vaicitrya iSTavya hai: mohA oI kI kiyA gayuga pravRtti lei saMpatti mohA kRSi kArapi ahi TAliyA ya bApa vaI meTau marai viDA ra gami vAsa bApaNa bAsa pAI kima hoi bAda kA kesara bhUma caraI ra rami timira puti bari bhaDa megana tU gabara, padarata hiva paravi (4.5) aura anta meM kavi pravRtti ko banAtA hai| betanA vika kI sahAyatA se paramAMka seja ko punaH tribhuvana kA rAjya dilAtI hai| kavi ke pravRtti ko viveka ke do bharata bAkya ke bhane kAnya kI samApti ina bdoM ke sAtha karate hai:- mora kA baMdoha hor3akara paramezvara kA anubaraNa baro, saba matva grahaNa karo, gAramAyo kA vinAza kara pAca indriyoM ko jItakara samarasa prahama karo, aura eka kAra meM mama kI sthira kara paramAnaMda kI prApti karI: pAi lAgiya pAi lAmiya bali muviveka zikSA di isI tumhI vAsAparidhi maiDira paramesara abarata moha ra adoDa ni, samatA sthaLI pAvarala, pamanA sa iri pyAri mI pAbA jilA belA mArata pUri lipi at bira bArA pA paramAnaMda (16) na kavi kI kundara mAga ne jino kavi kI anumaya praudaDA aura mAzA spaSTa hotI hai| isiyoM bAraNa nimnAti hai| (1) begAra naimAra vikarAla misa bhibAra lAla - (42) ON bignibahAvAbAInima viSa ziDaLa dhADa mAri vijoDaboDI vAri - (2010) (priya vimArI rAta cArIlI kAji nivArI -bIvara mAlA, ma dIvAlI rituda - (11.) 4 nIpi guma vAri vasA, kari kula meraya , bAki sivAla vihIbAjIha nahI hai bAla- (1-99)

Page #616
577 (5) balathara buDaI jalaNa na dAi maDa vAi mara DA mila rahA ravi ugragAmi aMdhAra TalaI pAsa panI na sAhiSi chalai mevAri(sa) dvidha gayaMda palAha, ghaTa kima nAda dhana ne pAi hima paDavai jima bApaDa mAka, mapha bhAga ki barAka isa prakAra kavi ne upamA paka, utprekSA, udAharaNa, dRSTAnna, ma varNana, mapanti virodhAbhAsa saMdeDa, yamaka liva Adi aneka malabAroM kA saphala varSana diyA hai jinake udAharaNa apara die jA cuke hai| kAya lI aura do kI dRSTi se isa racanA kA paryApta mahatva hai| kavi ne isa vaividhya ko kI latA se snoyA vAstava meM prabandha ciMtAmabhi kA pahA bhAga mAtrA daura tayadha ina do kamoM meM vibhakta hai| mAnAtmaka meM abIra, vaupara aura dahA hai aura unake atirikta paddhari baramA, maramTa durmilA aura gIti nAma ke chava dikhAI par3ate hai vo prakhyA meM adhika nahIM hai| aura apana meM jUnI gubarAtI yA prAcIna rAjasthAnI meM Ane vAle chaMdoM meM vastu chaMda pramukha hai| isake atirikta sampaba, sarasvatI pavala, taladvArA paka aura mitra mAtrA kA prayoga bhI kavi ne kyiA hai| yoga bhAga meM boroM jaise sabhI dupada yA kaI kar3iyoM pada tathA kANTa aura paka kA miya milatA hai| hAyabaMdha pUre kAya ' bhAmahI hai| mama bhAma' bo bolI bAra hai|' prastuta kAvya meM sarasvatI dhavala aura pavala ke devIda hai| bohA bhI isI basa milo hai| vikAsako anvata bahudhA upajAtiya milatA hai| pahalI kA ullekha bhI kI balA' paDalI banAne kI vidhi kucha paravInA aura pravatrA hotI hai|jis prakAra prastuta kAma ke 18.. aura baragI .. 5.. ... ... .. ina paramo bitya mantra kA prabanA hai| 1- prAcIna kAmAlAlA kI dIpA...ba, *n-10 mAma viyozrImAlI,..

Page #617
isa kavi ne akSara maila meM kAvya racanA kI hai| parantu yaha svamasi upajAti se hI spaSTa hotI hai| kRti prabandha hai ataH sAmAnyasA meM mAtrA mela da, ihA, "pAI gharamAla, padamI savaiyA Adi dezI chadoM kA prayoga hai| jayazevara sUri kyo ki asAdhAraNa kavi the ata: bahAne avaramela do ma prayoga kiyA hai jo sAdhAraNa kaviyoM ke kA kI bAta nahIM hai|nyoN para vistAra se vivecana prastuta prandha Age cheda sambandhI adhyAya meM kiyA jaaygaa| kahIM kahIM kavi hivabolI ke antargata gatva DI kA bhI prayoga kiyA hai| kavi kI isa gaddha zailI kA vaha udAharaNa isa prakAra hai: tivAra pUThi moksAkira, svAmI, svAmI tara AyasapAmI, bAliga vivekarA vistAri vizva bhasyAu tatva ciMtana paTTa hasti dUra Asapi pIyAi pIvAI bAdhA privaar| ye ji kADa prAyaDa veha raIbaha basna dAna banibAra, tatva kyA aMbAbAI kA balaMba lAlAI, mAdhuSA idama gahagAi iSTadoSI tara doDaNa, pApi puzya raMga paattn|' isa prakAra da, bhASA, pAna, lI, kAya, artha gaurava aura padalAlitya jyA saMgIta lAmama mamI inTiyoM se tribhuvana dIpaka prabandha utkRSdha kAvya hai| kRti prasAdA hai aura nirveda usake mUla meM kula 1doM meM kavi ne isa prako likhA AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya meM aisI kRtiyA apanA pUrva ziSTya rkhii| - parasabAgabalI prabandha: 385 HimAdI eka prakArabAibalI-prabandha milA hai| yaha kAvya pI pravandha lIliyA gayA hai| zrI svargIya dezAI mohanalAla ne bhI isakI sUcanA dii| yA anya sA hogA yaha to kyA kaThina hai parantu kI bhASA pAva aura upalaya udayaramoM ke AdhAra para isakI parIkSA kI jA - 1-miguvana dIpaka prabandha paba 129.15 mujhakaviyoH zrImohanalAla desAI-bhAga prthm-1030-32||

Page #618
sakatI hai| isa kRti kI prati kucha varSoM pUrva zrI desAI ko pATaNa maMDAra se upalabdha huI thI parantu isa samaya isa kRti kI pati prApta nahIM hai| ataH isake racanAgala lekhaka samaya sthAna Adi ke viSaya meM batAnA bahuta kaThina hai|vstutH isake Adi bhAga aura aMta ke kucha uddharaNa yahI prastuta hai: utAla baupAI paDhaya jipeyara pAyana nita se aMba kero svAmi bahanIsa bhAdita nAma apanA iragati nAti nAmi paramAdeI vara bIca anopama, nAyala gachi gumAya zrIguNa samudra pUri guru gimyA gahi ali apayazavAya nAsa pATi apa ji divAkara zAbara jimagaMbhIra zrI gupadava sUri gumi pUrita samaratha sADasacIra vAsa sIsa vIra rasa pi zrI gupa ravagaha mUri risavara jara aMka mAnA pApa palAi iri mAdi gari kAbInavI, brAjhI bamavara bIpi bharaDavAhu valI lo pabATo puka pAni kIji (-) umasa uddharaNa se spaSTa hai ki kavi ne ise pavADo kA ma biyA khAlI ke isa rita pradha ko kavi ne loka pApA ama pracAra ke lie liyA hogaa| chacoM kA vidhya bhI isameM hogA, aisA spaSTa hotA hai| bAhubalI aura parata kA kariva kavi ne barapAvAlI zikSA hai| kRtisa biDIva bArakabApatI dezapa aura usake bahI banane kA varNana viwI bana jAkara bhI use hAthI se utarane va aI tyAga kA upadeza karatI kI yA kaI aura kyA paramparA meM kavi ne bharatazvara bAhubalI rA ) bAne kA ma liyA hai| vanapAzI paramatA bIra

Page #619
satI bhaSA sAmi sArnu bIrA gayavara mAna kahini eha kA utaro anulivala jima savi karma dahini bihini tapau pratibodha mugIna DiI upamana basi jAta jugAra baMdhava gAi bAi 5 hUMba basAmila mAna bagya taba mAna upatu abhare kIra uETE mayI sarapi nalanI pAti miTho bahulI nADa nAbhi paradevyA riksa viyara punaMdA murmagalA rANI bharata bAhunAti bhI bAri, matI ziromami bApI e mamatA ami pApa na lAgi anila sukSa anaMta zrIvaratna mUri Ima bolizrI Adi nAtha jayavaMta (197) isa prakAra kula 10 boM meM likhI yaha kRtibharata aura bAkI ke jIvana kA eka utkRSTa barikha kAbapAmA prAcIna rAjasthAnI hai| isa prakAra ina prabandhoM meM kyA kA satvahI adhika hai| kyoMki ye asAyaratA miTAne aura dharma pracAra kI dRSTi meM liye ge| parantu tribhuvana dIpaka prabandha basa kAvya aisI sthitiyoM meM apavAda hI ko shaa| vastutaH dharma ke dArzanika pakSa para liye granthoM ke atirikta aura dharma ke mUla tatvoM ke varSana ke atirikta tAni viSayoM para devI pramoM kI saMkhyA kama hai parantu yaha kahanA saMpavata: bahuta hI nahIM dene jaina maMDAra bhI baMda jinameM mArI caka hai| doSa hone para laukika ramalI kika donoM viSayoM para jaina kAya upAdha hog| isa prakAra meM prabandha kAvyoM kIkA meM Ane vAle kAya ho baneka ubAramA savArisa, pranavarita, vidyAvikAsa pavAr3I Adi purANa virATa kAmapaMpI gaI mAvi para unakA vivamana vibhinna kAma moM kesa kiyA vaayaa| pararavara bAhubalI rAsa. neminAtha kA gaura sArA rAja sakAyoM ke sa upsodde| cina para pirale pRSThoM prakAra DAlA vA buma hone para aura adhika prakaranA avazya prApta hogii| -

Page #620
581 pudarzana se jala prabandha prabandho kI isI zrRMkhalA meM vo batAdI ke uttarAIdha ke antima daka meM eka mahatvapUrNa kI guvana seTha zIla prabandha hai| racanA 1501 kI hai tathA racanAkAra zrI candrabhUri ke koI zimya hai| pATana maMDAra kI prati se lipibandha kI gaI isakI eka pratilipi (saM0 157t) kI rAjasthAna purAtatya maMdira jayapura meM surakSita hai| adyAvadhi, yaha prabandha prakAzi hai| svargIya desAI ne isa kRti kI sUcanA kaI pratiyoM kI sUcanA gujarAta ke paMDAroM lie dI hai|' prastuta prabandha 4. kar3iyoM meM pUrA huA hai aura jaisA ki isake nAma se hI spaSTa hai yaha kAmya bhudarzana meTha ke zIta kI utkRSTa kahAnI hai kyA caritamUlaka kyA pradhAna kAvya hai| rIla kA jIvana meM kyA mahatva hai| zIla manuSya meM utkRSTa guNoM kA samAveza karatA hai aura yahI bhAva jIvana kI kuncI hai| yaha eka aisA tatva jisakI sAnA manuSya ko devatva prApta karA detI hai aura sudarzana seTha aise hI parita nAyaka hai jisakI pariva jaina samAja meM mAna bhI bAda mAnA jAtA hai aura use zIla kA devatA mAnA jaataa| mubIna pezI kI yA paramparA apaca mantroM meM bhI mila jAtI hai| loSa kApAvA kAbya pAna pravidhi prApta kara cukA hai| kAbyakA sA bAma kA sarasa vastutaH kAvya kI dRSTi rakamA inI pAtyapUrva nahIM lagI / kavi kA mama svata mAtra yA bhAga ko adhikAdhika vikazita kiyaa| pari mUlaka bhAsvAna kAvyoM kI dRSTi se mAranA bar3I mahatvapUrNa vastutaH yaha kAma kavanAtmaka yA ny| apanIlamabandha pApa goMkita kiyA gayA hai|is galoM kavinegunIka kI yA prastuta kI aura zeSa do DAloM ko suna - sivila pramilA vimApa-rAjasthAna purAtatva bira jypur| nagara kviyo:bhiimlaaldekhaaii|

Page #621
582 kI pahimA, usakA tathA usakI dIkSA aura saMsAra tyaag| kavi ne pahale 4jinavaroM kI vaMdanA kI hai aura phira zAsana devatAoM kI aura pazcAt zAradA kA smaraNa kiyA hai| sarasvatI kI kRpA ke binA vaha nI mudarzana kezIla kA dara rekhA citrakAra samA ata: yaha usane prArambha meM hI svIkAra kiyA : pADilU prapanIya anumii vivara avIra pAi zamanA devatAe tI nAITIsa samarIya mAmipi bhAradArA nidhi sAmAkhya bhAga pAna prati pae kavi hikAra uThA sarasati mamAra gA vi subagiI mandira bika rAsa ravi jo mana remiha (1-2) viSa meM darzana seThajIla kI kyA isa prakAra : bharata ke bIca kI campA nagarI meM dadhivAhana nAmaka rAjA aura apamAdevI usakI rAnI rAja karo usa nagarI avAsa nAmaka dhanika maTha ke mudarzana mA putra narama mA bIre dhIre dhurkana sakala kalA sampanna hotA gayA aura usake bIvana meM karate hI use pitA ne manoramA nAma pIlabadI sar3akI pANigrahamA diyA aura use tIna gundara aura rUbI huii| paise bhI yA paridhAna ati ke sAtha rAjapurohilA kapila ne miTA gADI aura pratidina na donoM ko milatA nimTavA parivartita hoDI gii| donoM ki sabATo vivaa| ki isI kAraNa vilamba para phuNcaa| kapila kI patnI ne se isakA garaba pUchA guNI mitra kI yA na kara mAriNI usa para zava ho gaI aura use gama bhAva bADane lgii|sudrshn khUba jinavara mA basera pIlavAna kA jIvana bitaate| eka dina purohitalAke mAra gAne para pAripIne se para bulA karapAta meM kAma mAvamA prasTa kii| purvana kI ddimaa| ne apane ge navIna kara usake prati paaii| pani nagara bAhara mahotsava thApita kI patnI ne na purzana kI patnI

Page #622
583 manoramA tathA usake sundara puoM ko dekhA aura panne para usako sudarzana kI isa bAla kA patA lgaa| usane dadhivAina kI rAnI ko yaha saba batA diyaa| rAnI kA garva jAga uThA usane bhI usako bhAne kI pratijJA kara lii| rANA ko eka nagara ke bAhara utsava karA kara svayaM para raha gaI aura pudarzana ko ghara bulAyA tathA sUna gAra karake usase bhoga kI yAcanA kii| pudarzana usa samaya zIlAta kA pAlana kara rone kiMcita bhI vicalita nahIM hue| rAnI ne saya badalA aura sliAI ki yaha iSTa vyakti usake amApura meM dhuma mAmA / rAjA ne use kArAgAra meM DAla diyA, mRtyudaMDa diyA aura usakA kAlA muMha karake gadhe para biThA kara sAre nagara meM caritrahIna kahakara ghumaayaa| para kulI para bar3hAne kA jyoM hI upakrama huA, jinavara kI kRpA se lI sundara padama ke siMhAsana meM badala gii| puSpa dRSTi hone lagI aura survana ke pIka kA yaha svarga kala gyaa| isa prakAra seTha muIna ne apane gIta ko anDa banAe rkhaa| veSa meM baDI yAkavi ne tIna sAloM meM kyA kA vibhAjana kiyA hai aura zeSa do bAloM meM sAdhanA, yAlA mahatva tathA sudana kI dIkSA kA mahatva spaSTa kiyA hai| racanA pra kI meM likhI gaI hai tathA kavi ne rAjya nagara, strI, ma, janma, prakRti, pura, sthAbIla Adibara vana vikAsa kI isTi ke racanA sAdhAraNa hai parantu bhASA tathA varNana kI prabandhAtmamA paryApta mahatvapUrNa hai| kavi ne dhiA, karmavAva, ata, tathA vitiyA Adi kA mahatva pAyA hai| sthA kA sUna bAyopAnta kAvya meM prabAha banAe rakhA hai| khamA meM varNita ksibA bhI apanA mahatva rakhatI hai| isa taraha ina vividha mA~ kavi ne gurkana zIta prandhako yogaa| pravAsa thA pApA ke svarUpa ke lie kucha andara sthaloga use kiyA yA prAraMbha meM hI kavi ne suna ke moravA diyA the mAdhI yA nidhanAvI pari mAri nivArI navaramAhi jina dharma saviI pari

Page #623
584 jina maMdira jina varatI, guNa mAI gorI madAsa utsava kari puri maMDalidhorI suma velA suta janamIu jAgi jaDa jaDakAra teja dhavana tetani, azvanI kumAra / / (6-7) kavi ke vAhana ke nagarI kAcitrAtmaka varNana prastuta kiyA hai jisase aura tatkAlIna sAMskRtika tathA sAmAjika jIvana para prakAza DAlA hai| bhASA sarala, age cayana loka bAbA mUlaka tathA pravAha pUrva hai| apa kA prabhAva ekadama haTA huA pratIta hotA hai| eka udAharaNa deviyaH vipra veda baDU uccaraIpa vedamiti boli sonA ki pIe, kupana pani Dola paica zabda ninAda kara nipoSa niraMtara loka sama vaDhi karaDa, navi dIsi aMtara aftere jAvA sahi,jasthAna lyAbai maMgala karaNI kAra Tharavi vo kumara baMdhAvi parI vaTA parivAhi dI hai abalA bAla savara suraMgI vA gaDI cAla sudarzana kA vivAha varNana mI kavi kI zailIgata saralatA tathA pravAha kA paricaya devI hai| vasaMta kA varNana krIr3A, pANigrahaNa utsava mIra kathA ke rUpa kA varNana kavi ne saMgAra ke sAtha kiyA hai: caitra va kulIyAra, uma kari cAra gars ne bAla pIra jihAM mavi rAi kumA yo dina besakIya mani bIhAvI afThakamA bojha jana jani jAnI deThita beTI guNa sAgara samaya nAgaramA ati baMga agvardhana paraerator mIbAi raMga i paramIDiye pari mAnITara kI gati ra marma dina kanyA joipa jAna u

Page #624
585 puDa ugUmi suNI sasura bAjai dUra caTuTala lAnita pAlaTaie, bhojana kUra kapUra vili baDhI salIya vADhIva vividha ba ramaI rAma tU ramaiva DIvaDA mAhi ta vilasita vasuhI vivahapure, sukha saMpati saMyoga kapila kI strI ko kavi ne kisa prakAra vRktiyoM idvArA tathA nIti pUrNa uktiyoM dvArA samavAyA hai| sudarzana kI mitratA meM DUbe kapila aura usakI strI kI nATakIya saMvAda yojanA ullezanIya hai| pUktiyoM kA prayoga kavi kI isa varSa zailI hI rahI hai| ekAdAharaNa dekhie: 10 2. vIDaya vigraha lAgI bAra maMdira moDa kavi ka pUchi gharaniI sAmati svAmI vAta fafe namatIna porTa na hIya hiva hu boli vidhA mUrakha mumuca makAra kaha gaDalI gAya namari jasa jA gati mAnava na hIya avarana iSi saMsAri strI kI kAla vima vAthi laMgi vikarAla kAma mumRdhA pArimI kA eka sarasa citra dekhie:nAri vakma seThis nIma, gola kara joDi pota pusvAra kA hI aMgi amhAra ko Thi retas moTara paNa, nara niI muvati kAma bAhira bolA pAThi jAiti mADarI mAgaDha arfafe afed mAna hI upAna kari amerikI vaha ina kapilA karavasa cAra gara harajana kA nAjira mahilA jAgara marma Thina kisalaya, kapilA mANu pata ( 52-55) 4 (32-35) fee kA vyAye varavIyA, nAri svAmI I nIrava

Page #625
586 agA ne sabhI nArI timuni, puhaviI puruSa tataMga tu mAyA pAsita pAThIupa saI lajAnyA anaMga tu tutA hari bahinaDIya vihitu vAli savIrata nahI dAvAnala dahisi risAva kare iNi pari mAraga cAlavIya, vAvi vana udyAna kAma keli gaja ratha karaiya, teha naMdana upamAna (74-77) kavi kA rUpa varNana pAraMparika hai yadyapi usameM koI navInatA tathA maulikatA parilakSita nahIM hotI parantu phira bhI kavi ne sarala upamAnoM ke sAtha naH ziva varNana kiyA hai: ayArupi kivi kavi bhAti, jA mali avarana DIje dAva Indrani ina hI havI iMdra mahivI, nAga loki nahIM nArI saritI PagarerI nahIM vaitAdi, viDI adhika apayA ugADI pahirI rami phalI, kaMbU iku siphAke mAlI tI pari upahAra pAe necara rapatyaNakAra kaMTha nimAvara niSTani reDa sADa sonU jisi udeha paNa ThIka baiThA bhaka, kari sonAnI vATI malaki mAjI jADI, apara amarI kIji pAThI kAne kuMDala phAli kyUki devI sItaMbUki mastaka vA veNI deha pAThaTha panna jimita pracaMDa # sira .... dUra patra bAma sarapa haribola banAnA, bAva gAva vikAvAvi vaha mAyA mIThI mAras, nipuNa nayaNa melhi nIlI bAra dhArA dhoraNa dhArana beTha, teha bhAgali kaDu narakiya maMDi (100-104) kavi mena kI lI ko siMhAsana meM parivartita hone kI bAta kaha kara tIna DA samApta kI hai:

Page #626
587 Amai melDamA agi prahAra, darisina sohi vigAra sUlI phITI TU siMhAsana, tihI vaha pUrI padamAsana zIlavaMta sudarzana ko zrRMgArA gayA aura kavi ne asadRTTattiyoM para (kAma para) kIla kI vijaya karAI hai|sudrshn kI vijaya kA varNana dekhie: mahi paTa hastI zrRMgAra je pe rAjana hAthI jAi teha Upari saddariti caDhIu, jAgaki rAjA ciThakI gaDita masta ki mevADaMbara hama peMca zabda vAjaI vAjitra parvata nAci nacAbI bharahA mada jANi saThi hAvI phUla para parA vyArAi, agara kapUrA tihI bahu umevAra pari pari gUDI gAMdhIvAri, badhAvaI vAkU naranai nAri ragar3I bar3I nirakSiI manavaNI, ghana ghana jA jenaI jananI anta meM nirveda meM kAvya samApta hotA hai aura svayaM sudarzana kSetra nikAla kara dIkSA grahaNa kara lete haiM kavi ne ahiMsA karmavAda aura kIla tapa kI saphala abhivyaMjanA aura mukhya saMvedanA para kAvyavar3A kiyA hai: ThAmiThAmi maMDapa mahAnA, meDhA sohi gayA vApANi kavi savidha samasapa divA Si mAna milI nAga mAraI mala saThIyA rabbI raMgi mahU AnaMmA <<<< dharma ghoSa didI, sarva vrata sAmAika kI kAma savArI sinaha dIvA utsava kI mAhi navimAra raMgi jaMga ma kavi meM DAla meM loka gItoM kI DhAloM ke AdhAra para eka Teka vizeSa kA

Page #627
prayoga kAvya ko gaiya tathA sarasa banAne ke lie kiyA hai| kavi ne -mAtaDeaura-bUjhavi jApa ajAma-nAdi TekoM kA prayoga karake kAvya meM loka gAna kI saMgItAtmaka noM kA prayoga kiyA hai jo kAma ko saMgIta prathAna banAne meM sahAyatA karatI hai| eka udAharaNa desipa:. rAI savi bolAvIyAe, bhArataDe koI mAlisiTa pAu vA rItA vici bAhisiI emAlataDe tehanI DisikAra jitana karI niI jAnIupamAhataDe rAjA joi agi aura zIla kI mahimA meM kavi parata vAkya ke sAtha kAvya samApta karatA hai: zIla tanu mahimA apa, mAlahato cora pRthvIpati kIdha nuvArA itakIna baie, mA maI kIdhA aparAdha zIla pramANiI Apariue mA. lIpaTa zrI samakti virati vArA ita ati karaie, mA. ve abhayAtrIva zIla mahA pAe mA0 6. viSai amUlyA kara bAsa tami vAki raviudha, mA. rAma Dau ratI rami mAula mahAmae mAtaDe arnava macimi isa prakAra kavi ne dohA caupAI aura rAsa chanda meM pUrI rakanA samApta kI hai| ramA kA nAma se puna dhIra prazAnta varSamoM kI vividhatA, horapIboM kI DAle aura mAmA kI saralatA ramA kI 15vIM zAdI ke uttarAIkA svasa pra tI para hai bhAkA rikyA adhika nahIM hai, para aa mana upamA maka Adi alaMkAroM kA prayoga mA hai| prati pratilipikAra ne pumpikA de dI hai: rilihizIlA samApta || 5.yA~ kASa vi paDa lotrI patne likhita

Page #628
589 kavi ne prArambha meM racanA ko rAsa likhA hai parantu zilpa ke anusAra isakA prabandha nAma hI adhika sArthaka lagatA hai| 15vIM zatAbdI ke uttarAIdha kI kRti hone se bhASA kI dRSTi racanA kA adhyayana paryApta mahatva kA hai| ukta viliyama ivArA racanA kA sApedhika mahatva spaSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai|

Page #629
II a II fa * kAvya

Page #630
carita kAvya jaina vidvAnoM aura kaviyoM ne jisa prakAra saMskRta sAhitya meM vibhinna kAvyoM kI sRSTi kI hai usI prakAra apane sAhitya kI bhI bar3I sevA kI hai| apakSa meM racita mahApurANa, varita ya, stotra stavana kI yahI paraMparA apArettara kAla meM bhI surakSita milatI hai| darita-kAvya unameM se eka prazana prakAra hai| ye kAvya jainAbAyau~ ne jana sevA, AvakoM kI prArthanA aura dharma pracAra ke lie likhe hai| kisI A puruSa, mahApuruSa tIrthakara yA 13 lAkA puruSa Adi ke jIvana para kAvya likhanA jana samAja ko usake AvoM se paricita karAnA hai ataH parita kAvyoM kI apAtra meM bahulatA dIra par3atI hai| apaja kI hI bhAti purAnI hindI (purAnI rAjasthAnI yA prAcIna gujarAtI) meM isa prakAra kI caritra yA carita saMjJaka racanAeM aneka milatI hai jina para hama isa adhyAya meM prakAza ddaalii| ina kRtiyoM meM kisI prasiddha puruSa aitihAsika vyaktitva rAjA, saMcAdhipa yA rAjamaMtrI kI preraNA yA unakA ine likhAne meM pUrA Agraha spaSTa dikhAI par3atA hai| ataH unhIM ke lie isameM kisI maMgala kAmanA se yA kisI saMcAthipa dAna varNana yA kisI atyAtI kA mata varSana gA kisI mahApula kA carita varNana kiyA gayA kyoki jaina muni niSkAna pAcanA karate the| sAtha hI apane AzrayadAtAoM kA atiraMganA se vana karanA ThIka nahIM samajhate hai, parantu phira bhI samarA rA. jina balla pUri purANa bana, bar3a rAya, prAdUrAma mAdi isa prakAra kI aneka racanAeM milatI hai jo isa va kA apavAda nahIM kahI jA sktii| yaDyapi jaina kaviyoM ne paurANika mAmAnoM mApAra para vyA saMskRta kAvyoM mApAra para pI liyA hai parantu unameM parita mAsyAna rakhanA basiramA pandrakA kumAra pAta parita, mInadI kA parivarita, AdinAtha pArita Adi aneka maca nIkaroM aura mahAyoM ke bIvana pati hai| ina granthoM meM kavi ne kyA ko mAdhyama banAyA kilo bIkana kI miI ubAta mAvanA mA naitika aura sadAcAra sambandhI kiTI utkRSTa bAta kA janatA pracAra kara ske| sAtha hI yaha bhI spaSTa hai ki

Page #631
591 jisa prakAra siddhoM aura nAtha kaviyoM ne guru mahimA, AdhyAtmika pracAra , rahasyavAda aura nadiyoM ke vinAza ke lie apane apane matamatAntaroM aura dharma ke pracAra ke lie mAdhyAtmika sAhitya likhA ThIka usI prakAra ina jaina kaviyoM ne dharma pracAra, naitika niSThA aura upadeza prabAra kI dRSTi se hI ina kyA kA yoM yA carita kAvyoM kI racanA kI hai| bhI ho, ina kAvyoM kI bhUmi meM saMskRta aura prAkRta kI paraMparA avazya rahI hai| saMskRta aura prAkRta kI isI paraMparA ko apaza meM kaviyoM meM pUrA pUrA nibhAyA hai| adhikatara ina kAmoM meM mAsyAma mUlaka, caritra varNanAtmaka aura upadeza pradhAna kAvya hI adhika hai| apara meM isa prakAra ke carita pradhAna va carita maMjaka kaI kAmya milate haiM parama cariu, rime mi barira mahApurANa bhaviSyatta-kahA, pAva purANa, vayakumAra bariu, jasahara bariu, jabUsvAmI vali, mudasaNa parisa, Adi aneka barita kAvya upalabdha hai| apAzitarakAla meM bhI isa prakAra kI paritamUlaka racanAeM upalabdha huI hai|praavikaal meM isa prakAra kI aneka kaviyo abhI jaina paMDAra meM devI par3I hai| jinakI gedha hone para parita aMzaka aneka kRtiyoM ke upalabdha hone kI saMbhAvanA hai| carita mA ti kAvya Uma kI imotaka nahIM hai| yaha nAma saMbhavataH ina kaviyoM ne viSaya ke AdhAra para diyA hai| kisI mahApuna yA tIrthakara vA viI gdAtmaNa-sampanna rAgA kA pArtha carita varNana karane ke liya kI ina kaviyoM meM mA nAma diyA hai| ina gavyoM kI pravRtthiyoM para vicAra karane para yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki inameM kathA batya kI pradhAnatA hai| nAyaka ke puSoM kA varNana, usakA AI varita, usakemA sApa, usake baurya aura vIratA Adi kA varNana kle meM kaviyoM me vividha prabhAvazAlI ghaTanAoM aura kyA pUrtI kI mahAvA lI hai| ina yo vi va sabhI pAki, unake karma sidhAntoM kA sivAna hai bastukA vidha prakAra kAvyoM kA mUla udezya dharma pracAra thA, ThIka vaisI hI guDa misa banAnoM kI hai| isa dRSTi ke jaina vanAeM dharma pracAraka ramA para hI unameM basa sthala para niraa| ina sarita mUlaka bAbAnoM kA mokA yoga jIvana nimAla kI iSTi jo sAhitya mAnava mstem afRT gAya yA sAhitya mana prakAra aura bhASA nimAga

Page #632
carita mUlaka grantha varSamAtmaka adhika hote hai| ina racanAoM meM ghaTanA batva kI pradhAnatA hai| kaviyoM ne kahIM kahIMavAntara ghaTanAoM kA yA kAvya ko utkRSTa banAne ke lie kucha kAlpanika Arva-kalpita ghaTanAoM kA bhI varNana kiyA hai| prakRti varSana pradhAna rUpa se na milakara gauSa meM upalabdha hotA hai| phAgu kAvyoM aura bArahamAsA kAvyoM ko tor3akara anyatra sA lagatA hai ki ina kaviyoM ko prakRti varSana kA avasara hI nahIM ITI RAH bahudhA prakRti varNana jivanA mI vA hai vA saba pAraMparika va sAdhAraNa hai| prakRtivarNana meM ina kaviyoM meM zo kI nAma galA va vasaMta varNana hI adhika kiyA hai| nAma parigaNanAtmaka prakRti varSana bahuta hI sAdhAraNa mAnA jAtA hai| isa taraha ina kAyoM meM mahApuruSa varNana, saMgha varNana, bhakti varNana, tIrtha varNana, unlAsa varNana, kIrti varNana, upadeza varNana pradhAna mma meM aura prakRti varNana tyA aMgArAdi varNana gauSa meM hue hai| isakA kAraNa jaina kaviyoM va sAmoM kI dhArmika pryaadaaeN| parita kAvyoM meM kucha camatkAra mUlaka tatvoM maprAkRtika tatvoM (suparanecurala palimenTsa) kA bhI bana dekhane ko milatA hai| apapracarita mUlaka granthoM meM bhI isa prakAra kI paraMparA milI hai| ina ghaTanAoM ko pratyAzita ghaTanAeM hI kA gA katA hai| udAharaNArtha sthAna ke praDyana pariva prahama ivArA aneka soM prakaTa honA, vidyAdharoM kA upasthita honA, AkAzamAna, kAma karanA, harAnA,baka lena vibhinna deza meM ekadama prakTa honA Adi tatvoMkA nivAra milatA hai| vidayAdharoM aura gAnoM para vistAra meM varNana milatA hai| ina pati ko kaviyoM ne bAda mAlikA carita vistAra meM varSiya hotA hai| bavApi mAvA hakne nikAyoM para prabhAva DAlA timI para kaviyoM ne unakA mAna rAma, gu mAvi divA aura timI mAtA hai ki donoM nAmoM bakAyamoM . : sarakArarita kAvya, kyA prabhAna yA parita pradhAna ho| aura hadIsamma ki inoM pArmika vanoM kA prA milatA hai yA jamA rahadAya hI dharma pracAra hotA hai| nikAyoM meM kyA kA prAdhAnya hai

Page #633
513 meM ina kRtiyoM kA mahatva spaSTa ho jAtA hai|saath hI kRtiyoM kI saMkhyA aura vizya va kAvya smo kA vaividhya inameM bahuta adhika hai| carita mUlaka kAvyoM kA koI viziSTa zilpa nahIM hai| zilpa ke ina lAkSaNika tatvoM kA adhyayana karane para hameM ina kAvyoM kI varNana paddhati artha gaurava kthA lAghava aura kAvya ke saundarya Adi para vicAra karane para lagabhaga vahI bAteM milatI hai jinakA hamane anya saMDa kAvyoM aura prabandha kAvyoM meM pracAra kiyA hai| ina kAvyoM meM eka bAta viziSTa rUpa meM dekhI jA sakatI hai| ki kavi nAyaka ke utkarSa apakarSa kA pUrNa dhyAna rakha usake udAtta guNoM ko carama para pahuMcAtA hai| yahI ina kAvyoM kI mukhya saMvedanA bhI hai| apAtra sAhitya kI bhAti ina carita granthoM meM carita mahApurANa paka sthAtmaka, madha parvabAdi andha bhI A jAte hai| tIrthakaroM meM naiminApa AdinAtha, bAra cakravartI, nau baladeva vAsudeva aura prativAsudeva Adi caritoM ke sAtha sAtha kaviyoM ne trikaThika ilAkA puruSoM ko bhI raksA hai| kAlAntara meM zilpa va viSaya meM parivartana hone ke kAraNa kAvya kA nAyaka dhIrodAtta guNoM se sampanna nAyaka bhI banane lagA aura isa prakAra ina carita kAvyamoM ke kyA nAyaka mahAna puka baurya pradhAna rAjA Adi bhI hone lge| vRtta tor3e maror3e jAne lge| itihAsa ke siddhAntoM ko bhI ye jaina kavi apane hI siddhAntoM ke anusAra nirmita karane lge| aisA karane se kahIM kahIM amevara aitihAsika itivRtta kI upekSA mI ho gaI hai| rAmakyA, paMca pAnDava carita, aura mahAbhArata tathA kRmma kyA meM isa prakAra ke aneka sthala dekhe jA sakate hai| carita mUlaka graMthoM ko saphala kAvya banAne ke lipa aura janatA ke samIpa lAne ke lie ina kaviyoM ne kyA ko hI mAdhyama junaa| sarala bhASA aura kyA pravAha kAvya ko lokapriya vyA sarana banAne meM yoga dete the ataH yadi ina kAvyoM meM ghumarjanma ke karma-viSAka ke kaThina se kaThina siddhAnta bhI ho to unako sadAcAra kI dRSTi se mahatva dekara mA sAdhAraNa grahaNa karane ko tatpara rahate the| DA. vinTaranisa me ma carita kAyoM ke isa prakAra ke uddezya kA varNana kiyA hai| ina jaina kaviyoM meM zAstrIya pAloM ke atirikta jana bhASA aura dezI bhASA meM sAdhAraNa, asAkSara

Page #634
594 unameM prema kathAoM aura premahatvakA bhI samAveza hotA hai| ina prema kathAoM meM kavi ne avAntara ghaTanAoM aura kalpanAoM kA raMga bhara kara inheM sadAcAra, upadeza nIti tathA dharma ke lAyanika tatvoM se otaprota kara jana sulabha banAne kA pUrA pUrA prayAsa kiyA hai| vastutaH apabhraMka meM bhI barita kAvyoM meM isI prakAra kI dharma kthAoM kA praNayana milatA hai vasudeva hiMDI aura samarAibya kahA, pavizyatsa-kahA, paDa- kahA sthUlipa kahA Adi aneka udAharaNa die jA sakate hai| carita kAvyoM meM kavi ko alanAyaka kI rakSA bhI karanI par3atI hai nAyaka ke jIvana meM jIvaTa DAlane vAlA eka pramukha tatva prati nAyaka hotA hai / bayapi apabhraMza ke ina prema kathAtmaka carita kAvyoM meM nAyaka kI pragati meM bAdhA upasthita karane, vastu meM gati bharane tathA zilpa ko AkarSaka banAne meM sthAna sthAna para pratinAyaka kA kArya dekhane ko milatA hai parantu AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya ke upalavdha ina carita bhAkhyAnoM meM bahudhA bala nAyaka nahIM miltaa| jaMbU-svAmI carita, naimizvara carita, pradyumna carita tathA virATa parva jaisI kRtiyoM meM (virATa parva ko chor3akara) spaSTa rUpa se bala nAyaka tIna kRtiyoM meM nahIM milte| virATa parva * nAyaka ke kAryoM kA vivaraNa hai| pradyumna-carita meM bhI ka nAyaka to nahIM parantu aisI pratikUla ghaTanAoM kA varNana avazya hai jinase prati vastu kA pUjana ho jAtA hai| sthAna sthAna para vidyAdhara, kinnara Adi upasthita hokara vastu meM camatkAra va va satya kI dRSTi karate haiN| yamapi inakA acAnaka prastuta honA aura adRzya honA bahuta svAbhAvika nahIM lgtaa| parantu una parikAra pUrva pUrvavarNa yA pUrva se jor3a kara kaviyoM ne unheM spaSTa aspaSTa rUpoM meM barita nAyakoM ke jIvana se sambaddha yA kara diyA hai| gataH ve kathA pravAha meM adhika avaroha prastuta nahIM krte| eft kAvyoM kA prAraMbha saMpalAcaraNa se letA hai jisameM bahudhA kaviyoM maiM nida yA sarasvatI-kara kiyA hai| ina kAvyoM kA vibhAjana va meM nahIM hai, parantu hIM kahIM mA bAdi vibhAjana sUcaka pada haiN| ina cAra kAvyoM meM rasa kI iSTi se bahudhA zrRMgAra, vIra karuNa

Page #635
hI milI hai|yh isa kaviyoM kI pratiyoM kI bar3I mahatvapUrNa vizeSatA hai| aMgAra rasa va vIra rasa apradhAna sa meM varNita hai| kaviyoM kA mana ina zrRMgAra rasa ke barphI meM kevala kA kAvyoM meM hI ramA hai anyatra vIra aura zrRMgAra gauNa rUpa se barSita hue hai| zrRMgAra va vIra kA paryavasAna ganta meM ho jAtA hai| zantu rasa hI aMgI pASA kI dRSTi se bhI isa carita pradhAna kAngoM kI mahatvapUrNa bAta yaha hai ki pASA bahuta sarala hai kyA zabdoM ke prayoga nAvAtmaka mA mAtmaka hai jo bhASA ko sarasa banAte hai| mAmA bhAvoM kA anugamana karatI huI yA abda yojanA artha kI abhivyaMjanA va padalAlitya meM vRddhi karatI hai| barita pradhAna kAgoM meM vizeSakara vastu evoM ke antargata agadoM va vAkyoM kI bAra bAra AvRti bhI milatI hai| jisase bhASA meM saralatA aura pravAsa dRSTavya hai pradhAna carita meM isa prakAra ke aneka udAharaNa hai jina para bhAge prakAza bAlA baagaa| pUktiyoM kA prayoga evaM subhAktioM kA prayoga bhI milatA hai ata: bhASA aura bhAva adhika sarasa aura cAmatkArika ho jAte hai yadyapi dharma nirapekSa mA laukika kyA vastu para bahuta hI kama na kAya milate hai parantu isa sambandha meM maMDAroM kI zeSa atyanivArya hai| ina kAvyoM kI bhASA sAhityika aura loka bhASA jaba donoM sa milate hai ThIka isI prakAra zailI kI ta marata kaura goDa bAla yA sarva sAdhAraNa kI hai| bolalAta kI bhASA vipina mUktiyoM ke varNana kI pati ko paravI bhASA kaviyo aura kAmoM meM nahIM viaaiitii| isa carita kAvyola ghasnI, boM kA AgANe mAna meM vizvAsa dIpA varmana, svapna bana apana batyAhIma vArSika rIti rivAra mandiroM sthAnoM, yA vIrNa mAvikA bana kI bane meM bhAvA / prAragiyoM kI sAmAnyapravRttiyoM aura vizeSatAeM pUrvavatI kI paraMparAoM kA niTE karatI hai| vastutaH barita nAma griI kI zikAvya ka ma nahIM hai| bAme mI sAbIhI 5vI bAibI kina taka kI kurita ka pramukha racanAoM kA vizleSaNa kiyA jaaygaa|

Page #636
596 : jamna svAmI crit| vIM utAbdI meM carita kAvyoM meM sarvaprathama baMdU svAmI carita kRti upalabdha hotI hai| yaha racanA baMdU svAmI kA parita AlyAna hai jisakI vastu meM aneka antarvathAeM aura vibhinna moha milI hai| racanA prakAzita hai| hindI jaina sAhitya meM carita kAvyoM kA prArambha karane vAlI sabase pahalI kRti hai|) racanA kA mahatva isakI prAcInatA kI dRSTi hai| yayApi vIM zatAbdI kI anya bhASA kRtiyoM kI pAti isameM bhI apAradoM kA paryApta prabhAva milatA hai phira bhI isa carita maka paraMparA ke zrI gaNeza kA zreya isI racanA ko hai| kAvya kI dRSTi meM kRti meM bahuta kA sthala se hai jinakA vizleSaNa kiyA jA ske| parantu vividha varSana, acAeM aura do kI dRSTi se isa racanA kA sthAna hai| kRtikA ramA kAla nI tAbdI yA 12 // hai| svAmI gariba (carita) kA racanAkAla varSa kavi sine kati ke vIrayA meM apanA ullekha kiyA hai: kAi dhamma so api vAna Tu vayapa poI' pajida pUri muvIsa paba pavA ho zApIkA gi rAta divApi ye vividha mATImA bAraha varamA kavitu naupaI chApa solaha piNyAviiriya vAmana mala Vbavadhi pUrA kA svAmI garivI parantu kavi ne gAla ra pugdhikArA li hai| abhaya jaina bAlaba kI isakI pratilipi / rAsahI - -prArIvAlIbIDI.kA - pu.|| 4.baDI.

Page #637
milatA hai| parantu isakA tAtparya yaha nahIM ki rAsa carita kAvya nahIM hote| kaI rAma carita mUlaka AsthAna mAtra hote hai aura kaI carita mUlaka AkhyAna rAma, parva, pavAr3o Adi zAmiDita kie jA sakate hai| kavi ne rakhanA kA prArambha caubIsa jinendroM aura guru caraNoM kI banA karake kI hai| * svAmI carita para apatra meM bhI mandha milate hai| IrAma tathA kA isa prasiddha nAyaka para likhe gae hai|jypur ke Amera maMDAra meM bambU svAmI barita saM0 100 kI apakSa kI kRti prApta hai| jisakA ullekha kaI vidvAnoM ne kiyA hai| yaha kRti apa hai yA 11 dhiyoM meM isakA varNana hai| isa ramA kA lekhaka bIra kvihai| apaca kI isI paraMparA meM va barita gavyoM kI isI zrRMkhalA meM apAzatara racanAoM kavidharma va yaha choTI sI racanA bhI ullekhanIya hai| khanAla 4. chaMdoM meM likhI gaI hai| jahA taka samvR svAmI carita ke sthAna kA prazna hai thAnaka apane meM usamA huA hai aura nAyaka ke pUrva bhavAntara se sambandhita rAha Sika nareza dvArA mahAvIra vaIdhamAna na svAmI pUrva janma spaSTa karate hai ki kisa prakAra vaha padamaratha ke yahI zivakumAra kesa phira vimAlI kesa meM aura phira rimosI ko mAra nAma se utpanna naa| bIpI kavi ne kaI anyAnoM kA varNana kiyA hai| kavi ne bADika moisa para prakAra bAlA.. puNyAvara mI sAgara puSi paddha bhAvIra va minAra kA parisara bAjha prati mAdIma para pAsa zipAya - - -- - bhAra DA sotor- + nI abhinayA m .m- paramAnanda ma kA /

Page #638
518 uhApoha karohi jAma pAli pava devai jA ma~ha kUmI suraha ridhi yA kIvaI lekhAI i ciMtA ki sivakumAra adhiraja saMsAro bhava ninnAsa leisiTa amhi saMjaya bhArI (50 43 pada 12) ---- usapadatta sehihiM dharavi dhAraNi urinaMdana hosi nAbhi jaMbusvAmI tihayaNa jApAna uThI deva ali Dara viI nAceI dhana dhanu maharA kula esa putta hosa isa prakAra kumAra kA krama dhAriNI aura rizmadatta ke yahI huaa| bar3e utsava manAtha ge| janma ke pazcAt DI jammU kumAra ke vivAra, pAravAeM jAdi saba vibhinna the, alaukika meM eka dina vaha guru ke pAsa upadeza sumane phuNcaa| usake mana meM vairAgya ho AyA : aThavA isa jAma gusmAsi pa ahamacAri so lii nIma bhavavAsa birA bonasa tu jAna kammA manumabaha jIvA ghUyA pAThavara takha vivArAvaya (18) vADha kayAmoM ke sAthaunakA pANigrahaNa huaa| jambU svAmI ne mAtA pitAnoM ke Adeza pAlana ke lie isa parva para vivAha kiyA ki vaha vivAha ke dUsare hI dina dIvA le lenaa| lar3akiyoM ke mAtA pitA ko bhI yaha sUcita kara diyA gyaa| lar3akiyoM ne apane zrRMgAra sma aura prathama milana ke sukha ke daMbha meM jammU svAmI ko cukA lenA bADA para jammU svAmI saMyama kI prati pUrti hokara baiTha ge| ATho kathAeM bhI thaka kara so gii| aise hI samaya meM pramaya nAma kA eka bora ft aura tAlodRvATinI viDyA lekara vahAM aayaa| usane sabako vidvayA ke prabhAva se lA diyA aura ATho kyAyoM kA ibya haraNa kara liyaa| prabhava ke sAtha usale 500 ziSya the| para usakI vizA kA jambU svAmI para jo ki abhI

Page #639
519 jAga rahe the, va dhyAna mudrA meM the, koI asara nahIM huaa| cora unake prabhAva se staMbhita ho ge| aisI sthiti meM prabhava unase bar3A prabhAvita huA aura prabhava ne unase aneka prazna kie / prabhava aura jambU svAmI kA yaha vivAda kavi ke kAvya kauzala kA utkRSTa udAharaNa hai: bAi paraNI manayami vana maDaTha core prabhavau cari pa mI anamIya soyaNIya AmaraNalIyaMtA te sadiI dhanIyA Tagamaga jovaMtA prabhakta gaNa ho jambU svAmi eka sAThija kIjai bihu~ vijjAvaha eka bijja thaMmaNIya ja dIvaha (21) aura usake stambha va viduvA mAgane para kavi ne jambU svAmI ke muMha se nirdeDa aura asAra saMsAra kA bahuta varjana karAyA hai| jambU svAmI kA nAriyoM se virakti arr zrRMgAra se parAmRta honA aura besAra tyAga kA varNana kavi ne vividha kahAniyoM, iSTAntoM Adi se kiyA hai: hida hUM kahi gavi va levi puSa kisa kareso ATha pariNI saviyatrI nIchaI vrata lesI parvata purasta ramapi e ema vi janatA sumIya bhAva bhI kare si eva aMtara naraI ho bhava vi saMrakSikA bana prabhavata pUcheI briTTiva ravi mAhIma inDijaleTi karunaI dilavAI bAi badhya kina kina DesTi divAla nadi bAbI e ko kmi hoisi ADhAra nAtrI eka mani jandra svAmI koI citarA imhArA bam svAmi kima pati phira par3a lobana mA joi

Page #640
bApa bharavi paIsuputra banmi iNIjaha imapari prabhava pitara tRpti tini dhIberi kIjai apaDUjA muhataNI ya Asa hai taba choDe miTha ina antarvathAnoM aura imTAntroM se prabhava ko vairAga ho aayaa| prabhava kI hI mAvi AThoM kanyAoM ko bhI bambU svAmI ne aneka aMtadhAoM aura dRSTAnnoM ivArA samajhAkara saMsAra kI nazvaratA batAI hai| aura isa prakAra mAge paliyA aura prabhava aura usake 5.. ziSyoM ke sAtha bambU svAmI pravagyA prANa kara lI hai tathA saba nivANa kI prApti karate haiN| antarvadhAra: prastuta pArita kAya yA pradhAna hai kavi ko kahIM bhI prakRti varNana, rituvarNama, mAsi varSana aura saundarya varNana kA avasara nahIM milaa| : kAma sAdhAraNa yA varNanAtmaka ho gayA hai| kyAoM meM mI tathAoM kA avazya bana hai| isakA bhI kavi ne iMgita mAtra kiyA hai|raajaa zremika ko barSamAna kA jambU svAmI ke parva bhava kA varNana, bhavadatta sAmaravatA zivakumAra Adi ke rUpa meM vividha sthAnoM kA varNana hai| isake bAda kavi prabhAva bora ko bhI jaya svAmI vArA vividha iSTAntoM aura dhAoM manuSTa karatA hai aura Age nikala rAtri meM AThauM bAboMpratyako kavi eka eka pUrva bhava kA inTA va kyA nA mahizI banA kara dIyA payAsa ke lie unmukha kara detA hai| anyAya bacA jaina varSa kI pravAhita kyA hai jinakA bIca sambandha jaya svAmI jIvana mANa kanyAnoM : nimnati savAra : dina kAmi ki kalA yA avaratA kare viu da zI marDakoSa karata ki magahara syAu hariva kaDevara kAga jiya pavAyara niba-hAthI aura kaura kA dRSTAncha) bIjI balama vinA khi tivi vAnari jipa panavAna bani ghare mila-lobhI vAnara kA dRSTAnta)

Page #641
601 bidu samAu bisaya mukha Adara kima kIjaha ImAla vADA na tumhi sakina na chIbaI -vita baMdara kI sthA) pIjI balA bhagaiviM nAha bADesiDa timi buki jima mANahAra bahu kheda kare -siyAra kI kyA) ubara paDi tara bAga ravi kahIbaI vilI gaI sAba bAta caMdU zAmina imAI AsAtavara sucaka jAma amhi ika kare miti sirAibhai jima kyA habakare -laminAtha rAjamatI kI kyA) AThai kalabaha bamavIya paMca mayAbi pramavara / mAi mApa beTa mA bAma ana sAdhu sarIsa (28) isI prakAra vinmAlI, kulaputra, ivividha madhura Adi kA iSTAnta tathA bIna mitroM kI kyA inTavya hai| ye saba kyAeM jaina samAja meM pracalita hai| kRti meM zata rasa hI pramukha rUpa se nimpanna humA virAmaya va rAniyoM sahita prabhava ke500 ziSyoM kA carita praba karanA mAdi sthala isI prakAra hai:. jasa bhaya prakairAu jaba bhabanI navayarIya e yaha prathA gAi nara nArI bobaba mitIya mANe saMpanna rAbaramaSimana gorakha ko cauDA pUmimanda bahAva konI pramapIra mUka badavasIya zarIra baha koDa pIjAina ma Tu mIra baiga balahari rili kima kArana bArAma kArana moThI penTI mAmA kohi navApAra mA riSi ziSa pAra na bAnIvara (manyU svAmI basibI tirI)

Page #642
iNi kAraNi vayarAga tapa jipa dITha mehatA ko aha mora pisAmi namha malaI ajiu ko moha narivajA kitti za io dava paravamihi dAma cima pama para saha pAdravara syatA ra IDa goloka paviya jana bama karo pUrI kRSi meM prakAra artha mAmbhIrya, padalAlitya, komalakA padAklI Adi kA sauSThava nahIM miltaa| parantu pAvAba do donoM dRSTiyoM meM kRti kA mahatva spaSTa haidosa meM jambU syAmi carita meM vizeSatA hai|kvi ne pUre parita kAdha ko jvani ke barmana 5 apiyoM meM vitta kiyA hai| prastuta kAma roThA do liyA gayA hai aura dUsare bhArata meM rolA ba spaSTa hai| lApama ca 4 baraka parantu nI hI caraNa milate hai| asaH ina do kar3iyoM kA ma soraThA kI bhAti lagatA hai| paravezvara bAhubalI rAsa meM bhI isI prakAra vikasa pada anuprAsamaya kar3iyAM miltii| parantu ra sorI nahIM ina kar3iyoM ke viSama padoM meM manuprAsa nahIM li mI paMktiyoM soraThoM kI hii| sambhavataH ya kavitA isa prakAra kI kar3iyA mila sakatI hai / ma .mboragImA maanaa| ubAharaNa dekhie aga eka paDabAravi rAma moktAva pAThIva guDa mavipaI patyAI basapA rAja mIna bArIbaI eva prAvara gAra naranArI goyaba milIya pA rAva jhAri paDiAriI mohAvIra devirAra peTAvidhi upAya mAvi bI TikAvaTa gaya nahIM hai parantu mAsa kI dRSTi kI rakSA aura upayogitA utanIya hai| mI mAdI ke jana bhASA

Page #643
603 svarUpa yaha racanA prastuta karatI hai| bharatezvara bAhubalI rAsa kI pati purAna rUpoM ke sAtha nUtana lAkSaNika rUpoM vAle zabda bhI isameM milate hai| * etadartha racanA kA udAharaNa uslesanIya hai : soss pUnimacaMda jaha aba koNI praNamIla tu bhavasIya zarIra jai koi jaNaNI jA nane nIra saMvega jalahari vari sAmI aparAdha ahe loka saMvAvIyA e paThika bolAi rAya koNI mani Arya diya dhanapatI mAha iti putra jimi jAi e to moklAvI rAja bora pallI yA saMdara bajagaha, kahIIsTa saMja isa prakAra apabhraMza kI prathamA eka vacana, prAkRta kA na tathA saMyuktAkSara ke pUrva stha svara sosa Adi pravRttiyAM dhIre dhIre kama hotI jAtI hai| mASA ke rUpoM meM prAcIna rAjasthAnI yA cunI gujarAtI kI bahulatA spaSTa hai| 1vIM zatAbdI ke isa carita kAvya maighaTanAoM kA mAityaadhika nahIM hai| ata: kAvya kI kyA meM hI bAhulya parilavita hotA hai| vastutaH pUrA kAvya mAnA kI paralatA, chandoM kA prayoga aura kUdoM meM kramika parivartana, kAvya sa svAtya kAvya kI dRSTi se mahatvapUrNa hai|

Page #644
604 :: pradyumna carita sadhArU-04 carita kAvyoM kI zrRMkhalA meM aba taka upalabdha kAvyoM meM 15vIM satAbdI ke pUrvAddha kI eka bahuta hI mahatvapUrNa kar3I prasana bArita hai| prastuta racanA apane meM eka sundara prabandha hai aura adabAvadhi upalabdha AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya kI lagabhaga sabhI kRtiyoM meM sabase bar3I go lagamama ra do likhI gaI hai|) pradyumna carita kI railI meM bhI strIya guNoM va lAmika batvoM kA samAveza hai| isa prakAra kI kRtiyoM meM prAkRta aura apaca kI prabandhana barita paramparA kA samma nirvAha kiyA hai| anyapi yaha spaSTa hai apaza bhI prAti sampanna kAya varNana ina vAdikAlIna prabandha kAyoM meM nahIM milatA parantu jo kucha bhI milatA hai vA apane hI prakAra kA hai| paryakara myAgoM aura kAnI vAtAvaraNa meM bhI isa kAsikAta gumna barita jaisI ramA kA milanA kI pahatvapUrNa ghaTanA hai| mo prasanna carita kA racanA kAla vidvAnoM dvArA nizcita ho jukA hai| pasta sahAyaka granthoM yA ataraMga vAloM kI rodha hone para isaka ko sambhavataH aura bhI prAcIna kahA jA sakatA hai| yadyapi prAkRta aura apAMca anyoM kI varNana tI zAstrIya va sAkSaNika bAba yA kAya nibaMdhana prasamma carita meM patA dikhAI par3ate hai parantu aisA honA svaabhaavikpii| kyoMki yaha racanA svayovyApAtoM bAta kAla kI hai| pradhAna carita kA zAiyopAnta zIlana karane para mA spaSTa hotA hai kiyA ki eka aura ko pahA kAya kI sImAoM kA Atima svayaM karatI aura dUsarI aura rAjya kI dIvAnoM kA bhI api kara gAtI mAha prabandhI simA barita mA gayako kArya kAdhakA baabaa| .- mArAmAra, asiyAkoTI, zrI mahAvIra jI mahAvIra mana bIr3A

Page #645
isa grantha kI mUla prati dIvAna cInI ke mandira meM surakSita hai| isa pratizata tathA vahI sabase prAcIna hai| isa prati kA lekhana kAla avatu 10 hai| pradyumna pArita kI eka dUsarI prati kAmA (bharatapura) ke DilabAla ke jaina paMcAyatI mandira ke vAsta paMDAra hai jisameM kula 2 pRSTha hai| patrakAra ...|| hai kyA usake padoM kI saMkhyA lagAma hai|' tIsarI prati dehalI ke seTha ke pUrva ke jaina mandira bhaMDAra upalabdha hai| yaha prati vahA ke zodha vivAna zrI knAlAla jI ne zrI bAracanda nATA ko preSita kI thI aura unake pannoM ke guTake meM saMgrahIta hai tathA isakI pada saMkhyA vIthI aura mantima prati prorienTala insTITyUTa ujjaina ke saMgrahAlaya kI hai| isameM hai tathA isakA sana 20 hai| aDyAvadhi kA grantha prakAzita hai jo kI hI sAhitya saMsAra ke samaya para prakAzita homaa|vibhinn sthAnoM para isa granca kI jo itanI prathama praviyA~ upalabdha hotI hai isa bhASAra para yaha kahane meM koI Apatti nahIM hai ki usa samaya yA kAvya jana samAja meM atyata adhika pracalita rahA hogaa| pratiyoM ke aba aura vo mAnika madhyana para isake pATha saMbaMdhI ADiyo abazya dUra ___ bhAmera ra DAra kI viyoM kA adhyayana bane samaya pradhAna pati kI prati mA presa kApI zrI kAlIvAsIya meM prApta nike lisa kA unakA nApArI hai| prama parima-gar3aba kI hI svanA mAnI jAtI rahI thii| para nAsva ranA bAkI hai yaha spaSTa kara diyA gayA hai| - bAmeraDArabI -bAma zrI bAra jaba kALIvAla yA na dAsa dvArA sampAdita pradyumna carita kAyakA pADavaM prastAvanAmAmA aprakAzita) hindI jaivavAhityakA vivihAnazrI kAmatA prasAda jaina 4. hindI siilvk-bhiimgrdmaattaakaalaa|

Page #646
prastuta rakhanA pradyumna ke caritra kA eka vistAra pUrNa vyorA hai| jahAM khaka prayamna ke udAtta vyaktitva aura carita nAyaka ke khyAta vRtta kA prazna hai, saMskRta aura prAkRta tathA apaja meM ise aneka kaviyoM ne nAyaka jA hai jo prastuta racanA kI aSThabhUmi meM sahAyaka hai| eka Avazyaka bAta yaha bhI hai ki prAkRta aura apaca kAvyoM meM udAharaNArtha paThama gariraharivaMzapurANa, riTho mi carita Adi bhanyo / aba taka nAyaka yA do aitihAsika puma hI sevA ziThilAga puloM meM se hI koii| parantu prastuta racanA ke nAka prayamna eka se barita nAyaka hai jinakA sthAna na to jaina tIrthakaroM meM hai aura na trisahi balAkA pukhoM meN| ataH aisI sthiti meM kisI sAdhAraNa vyA udAsta vIra pula vA rAjakumAra ko khanA kA nAka banAne vAlI yaha kRti paraMparA kI sImA meM na Ane vAlI apavAda svasa hI kahI jaaygii| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki apAdivara kAla meM paraMparA cana pIle ho gae hameM aura sambhavataH ina niyamoM kI zithilatA se AdikAla hindI aura kavi kisI bhI dhIrodAtta suna-samanvita puna ko carita nAyaka banA lii| kaThinAI nahIM zubhava karate ho| yo pradyumna eka paritavAna aura dhIrodAtta gugoM meM kisI bhI vIra puna se kama nahIMdhA nahIM ho bAkSikAta kI pati * upalabdha hone vAle praznamna madhI prA aura apaIyA ke isa dha ka ra bAje yaha bhI saMbhava hai ki na hone se yA pinA prAva hone meM pradhAna ko barisa nAmaka bunane yogya pAna sabakA mayA ho sabako isa isTi usakA mahatva aura adhika banAtA hai| saMskRta prAva va mora mAvi anyoM prazana para likhane kI paraMparA maraH prAcIna misa barikha nA para vivAnoM kI kamiyo upalAcI paraMparA vikAsa ko spaSTa karane ke lie pro lagakara ne pI - - prina paritaH sanyAsI mastUrabandha gAlIvAla-prastAvanA

Page #647
607 pradyumna sambandhI kAvyoM kI eka vistRta sUcI dI hai| prAkRta meM aise prasidha varita para pradyumna saMbaMdhI saMskRta meM sabase prAcIna vivecana jaina mahApurANa (uttara) maiM upalabdha hotA hai| Amera maMDAra meM vIM zatAbdI meM bahA denAcArya kRta pradyumna caritra milatA hai, mAkRta meM isa sambandha meM adyAvadhi koI ullekhanIya kRti prApta nahIM hai| jo ke abhAva ke kAraNa hI hai ava utkRSTa kRtiyAM milane kI saMbhAvanA hai| apa meM pradyumna kAvyoM kI lambI zrRMkhalA hai jinameM pramukha pramukha va zatAbdI meM svayaM racita harivaMza purANa meM varNita sthala vIM zatAbdI mahAkavi siddha dvArA viracita racanA, paTTAraka sakalakIrti aura somakIrti kI 15vIM zatAbdI kI racanAe~ mahA kavi radhU kA pradyumna varita, Adi granthoM ke sAtha mahAkavi puSpadasta kA apabhraMza purANa meM bhI varNana milatA hai| hindI meM vIM zatAbdI ke uttarAdha se lekara 17vIM taka kaI racanAeM prApta hai yathA- ravisAgara kRta pradyumna carita (0 16459 vIM sadI kA yazodhara kurA pradyumna carita, saM0 1628 kA ahamarAyamala kRta pradyumna rAsa tathA devendra kIrti racita prayuna prabandha aura prabaMdha aura pradyumna carita bhASA Adi grantha liye gae hai isa taraha paravartI kAla meM bhI vaha paramparA surakSita vikasita huI hai| racanA meM mahAkAvya ke kaI bar3hate hai pada ve kisa de hone se tathA baMda kAvya kI sImAoM se Upara uThe hue hone ke kAraNa hI isako pakA kAvya kI kara dI gaI hai / isaprakAra kI kucha lAyanika bAToM kA vivecana isa prakAra hai| viratna koza: pro0 belkr| uttara purAya: jinasenAcArya kRta 50 410 jJAnapITha kAhI sNskrnn| 3- pratuSya varivaH zrI kAkIbAta-prastAvanA / 4- vahIM - mAnera bhaMDAratha sUcI bAga 3 viSaya sUcI / 6. vahI /

Page #648
608 maMgalA caraNa:- racanA ke prArambha meM kavi zAradA vaMdanA karatA hai aura phira jina ko| sarasvatI ke binA usake lie kAvya racanA asambhava hai sAtha hI kavi ne padmAvatI devI, cakesarI devI jvAlA devI Adi aneka zAsana deviyoM ko bhI namana kiyA hai aura isake pazcAt 24 jinendroM kI vaMdanA kI hai : sAravaviNu gati kavitana hoi, saru AvaraNa vi bui koi sIdhAra paNa surasatI, sInhi kaI budhi hoDa kavaDI aast sArada sArada karaDa, timrakaDu aMta na koI ba feat gas fogmayavANi vA sArada paNava parivAri aThavala kamala sarovara vAlu, kAsamIra purala nikAsa car3I kara dei, kavi sadhAra sarasa' seta vastra padamavatINa, karaI malAvaNi bAjaDivIna v padamAvatI vanDa kara leDa, jAlA muvI cakesarI de aba rohiNi jo sApha sAraNa devI nava vadhAra 1 * aate svAmI iha haraNa, carabIsa unake jaramaraNa for water upari hou, kara kavi jaDa hoi pasAra racanA kA saMdeSa meM adhyayana isa prakAra prastuta kiyA jA sakatA hai| prabhu carita kI kyA kA gra dhArmika tyA syAta hai| kyA ghaTanA yA varNana pradhAna hai usameM aneka kuDala pradhAna avAntara ghaTanAoM va kathAoM kA samAveza hai jo pradhAna sthAnaka ke sAtha gau sthAnaka ko kAtI hai| prasanna carita kA nAyaka sarva jAta triya kRSNa ke putra meM ataH usameM varSa bIratA puruSatva, zaurya dayA udAravA sneha, krodhAdityamAna hai| nAyaka dhIrodAtva hai| hai 1- pradyumna parika- zrI cainasukhadAsa tyA zrI kastUracaMda kAsalIvAla dvArA sampAdita bAnera maMDAra (1-4) (aprakAzita) vahI / pada 51

Page #649
609 kyA vastu paurANika hai tathA vyAvRtvavAlI hai, jo kRSNa ke jIvana va parivAra se sambandhita hai| kathA vastu adhikatara ghaTanA pradhAna aura varNanAtmaka hai| sAtha hI usameM anya ghaTanAeM va pradyumna sambandhI kautukoM aura vidyAoM se kavi ne usako adhika AkarSaka banAyA hai| kavi ne kathA kA vibhAjana sama meM nahIM kiyA hai| adyAvadhi sarga vibhAjana ke lie prayukta, pAsa, kaDubaka vvaNi AdiyoM ko na le eka maulika DhaMga prayukta kiyA hai- aba yaha kyA dvArikA jAya, bAhuri kathA vIra pAyaAdi padoM ko likhakara kiyA hai|vryaay svataMtra varga kahIM nahIM hai para kavi ke saMketoM ke AdhAra para ise jhaMDoM meM vibhAjita kiyA jA sakatA hai ye hai stuti pradyumna janma baiMDa e, pradyumna haraNa baiMDa, pradUyumna jaba sebara budha se davA rikA aura aMtima hai jinamevama 5 * punarAgamana sa~Da, zrI kRSNa prayumna yuddha baMDa pUrvabhava baMDa yA (modha) DaMDa kRti meM vIra rasa pradhAna hai utsAha kI niSpatti yuddhoM meM sarvatra hotI rUpa meM niSpanna hue hai| isI aMgI hai| pradhAna rUpa se vIra rasa kyA ve rasa rasa ke kroDa meM vImarasa (488-90) va (satyabhAmA karuNa rasa, (pada 137, 138, 139 vyA vividha vivAoM ke prayoga para ra nimna hote hai| karatA hai| (5) ki rUpa se zrRMgAra ft) Adi ke prasaMga meM pradyumna ke raudra svarUpa ke mana meM raudra kavi zAnta rasa kI niyojanA meM kAvya kA samAhAra 1. pradyumna varivaH zrI cainasukhadAsa kyA zrI kastUracaMda kAsalIvAla dvArA sampAdita pada- 1-11 / 2- vahI pada 11-125 / 3- vahI, pada 136-159 // 60 vahI pada 4410572 10 vaDI, pada 186-40 4-487; 48 #34-1900 / Da- vahI, pada- 160-285 7- vahI, pada 573-638

Page #650
610 afat kI dRSTi se kavi ne aneka sthala juTAe hai| varNana vaividhya meM nagara, dvAra toraNa, ranivAsa, rAtri, saMdhyA, prakRti varNana yuddha sajjA tathA ratha varNama senA varNana na varNana, yuddha tathA kArya varNana, aneka prakAra kI vidyAoM kA varmana, sUkti varmana, sAmAjika tathA rAjanaitika bahanoM Adi aneka varNana milate haiM jinapara Age prakAza DAlA jAyegA / 3 kavi sadhA ne pUrA kAvya dohA caubAI chaMdoM meM liyA hai|pr vastu Taka, gas aura gAthA' Adi chaMdoM kA prayoga bhI kiyA gayA hai| pratyeka sarga ke sAtha chaMda parivartana ke niyama kA nirvAha kavi ne nahIM kiyA hai| 'bdoM ke sAtha sAtha aneka alaMkAroM kA varNana bhI mila jAtA hai| alaMkAroM meM pramukha upamA, rUpaka, utprekSA, udAharaNa, iSTAnta, apanhuti, arthAntaranyAsa Adi pramukha hai| alaMkaraNa prAkRtika yA svAbhAvika hai| jahAM taka kAvya kI lakSya prApti kA sambandha hai, artha dharma kAma aura mova meM se pradyumna ko cAroM sukhoM kI prApti kavi ne karAI hai| sAtha hI saMskRta nATakoM kI mAvi prastuta kAvya kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA hai ki yaha saMta ke sAtha sAtha nirvadA hai| kAvya racanA kA uddezya jana mAvA meM dharma pracAra, varita varmana kaTTiyoM va paramparAjoM kA nirvAha ahiMsA aura karmavAda tathA pUrvabhava Adi siddhAntoM kI puSTi meM bhI pUrNa saphalatA milI hai| inhIM tatvoM ke AdhAra para vaha kRti khaMDa kAvya kI sImAoM se upara uTha jAtI hai aura mahA kAvya bhI nahIM bana pAtI svata: sAhitya darpaNakAra ne. parita aisI kRtiyoM ko pakArtha kAvya kahA hai vastutaH na pheMka sakla ekA kAvya hai| jahA taka prastuta racanA ke racanA kAla kA prazna hai yaha svaSTa hai ki vaha 0 1491 meM pI gaI hai| isa sambandha meM pratiyAM dInoM pratiyoM ke vibhinna 1- prasannatikA kATha mAgera bhaMDAra pada 169 kA pAThIvara 177 2. vaha pada 169 / 3- hindI 9 baiMka 1-3013-23 //

Page #651
racanA kAlo- "vikrama, vikrama, tathA 1 vikrama ke kAla huI thii| parantu parIkSaNa meM yaha bAta ho jAtA hai ki vi0 mm kI prati kI bhAkA adhika parimArjita hai| ujvana vAlI prati meM milA hai| aura tithiyA mAsa nakSatra Adi saba samAna hai| para ujjaina vAlI prati kA pATha pUrNa pramANika nahIM kahA jAsakatA aba resI sthiti meM kRti kA racanA kAla saM0 vima' mAnanA hI adhika urita pratIta hotA hai| - - - -paMcAyatI mandira kAmA (bharatapura) jyA rIvA kI pratiyoM meM yaha pATha milatA saivata terA sau baha gaye para adhika igavArA paye, pAvo idi paMcamI vinayAra, svAvinavA jAni sanivAsa 2. jayapura dIvAna maMdira, mAmA, behatI yA bArAkI vAlI diyo / paapaa| marasa kyA rasa upAi para, nimubaha parita pakha sabau saMvaha caubaha se hue maye, para adhika isabArA bhae (jayapura kI prati) pAva dina paMcana so bAru svAti nakSatra manIcara mAru vaha bAi ibAraH pari adhika pAe magAra (dIvanAcI kA maMdira kAmA va pratimAha milI mArAkI bAlI pratiyoM meM bhI pApA - unnabAlI prati jisameM pA saMbaha paMcamahaIyA marobarapi mApabA mAyababAdi cAmi vidhibAra svAti na saniyara nAmA -hindI zIna- ka-.-.mI mAjhTA kA le|

Page #652
612 -PUT pradyumna varita kI kathA aneka ghaTanAoM kA saMyumna hai| kavi ne kyA kA AdhAra jaina purANoM se hI liyA hai| rAmAyana auramahAbhArata kI sthAoM ke varNena kI paraMparA apaca meM paryApta milatI hai|' AcArya guNasena ke uttara purANa ra tathA jinasenAcArya ne apane harivaMza purANa meM pradyumna varita varNana kiyA hai |11viiN grantha zatAbadI meM mahAsenAcArya ne pradyumna para svataMtra likhA aura isake pazcAt mahAkavi 1 siMha kA likhA pradyumna barita hame upalabdha hai| padhisa grantha adyAvadhi aprakAeia hai| isI taraha ke anya kAvyoM para pUrvapRSThoM meM prakAza DAlA jA cukA hai| ina sabake pazcAt kavi sadhAka ne isa racanA ko hindI meM prastuta kiyA hai| kavi ne kyA kA AdhAra ukta granthoM kI hI rakyA hai phira bhI dhAka ne isameM aneka avAntara ghaTanAoM, aMtarkathAoM aura bhautika tatvoM kA prajana kiyA hai| kyA sAra isa prakAra hai: eka bAra nArada ke Ane para satyamAmA ne unheM praNAma nahIM kiyA |is abhimAna kA phala huA pratizodha nArada ne skamaNI ko khoja kara kRSNa se vivAha karA diyA thA satyabhAmA ko usake saundarya se aneka bAra tiraskRta honA pdd'aa| vivAha meM zizupAla mArA gayA va bhayaMkara yuddha huvaa| satyavAnA svamana se IvI rahane lgii| kanakamaNI ke pradyumna putra huaa| pUrva bhava kI zatrutA se dhUmaketu viDyApara utara kara le gayA aura use eka pArI jilA ke nIce banA diyaa| vidyAdhara kAlarsavara aura usakI patni kAmAlA ne use bar3e pyAra se pAlA / putra viyuktA svamapi vidita kI rhii| na bar3hA hokara anekoM meM vijayI huA kyA -sAhitya DA0 harivaMza ko 0 49 bhAratIya sAhitya maMdira, dillI / 1- devi uttara purAnaH mAcArya mumasenaH bhAratIya jJAna pITha kAhI 50 410 / 3- haripurA: bAbArI jinasena, varga 47-48 pada 20 se 31 / 4- Amera paMDhAra kI mahAkavi siMha racita pramna barita (13vI bhaMDAra, jypur| yAdI azaviracita) bhAmera

Page #653
613 usane vibhinna devI devatAoM ko prasanna kara aneka vidyAeM, kuMDala, astra zastra Adi prApta kie| kula usane 16 vidyAeM jItI va prApta kI / javasaMvara ke lar3akoM ne pI ISyAva aneka SaDyantra kie para ve pradyumna se eka eka kara haare| madana kA apAra bala kumAroM ke sAre ahaMkAroM kA vijetA bana gyaa| vidyAeM jItakara usane jayavara va kanakapAlA (mane kRtrima mAtA pitA) ko praNAma kiyA / ravinAsa maiM kanakamAlA usake saundarya para zudha ho gaI aura use kAma pAva se vAhane lgii| kAma vimohita kanakamAlA ne use apane stanoM meM chupAnA cAhA para pradyumna vahAM se udyAna meM do munivaroM ke pAsa gayA unhoMne usakA va kanakamAlA kA pUrva bhava btaayaa| riviyoM ne pradyumna ko visArtha kanakamAlA se mAMgane ko khaa| kAma vimohitA ne usakI svIkRti pAkara use tInoM vidyAeM de dI para isake bAda pradyumna ne usake kAma prastAva ko bhI putra kA sambandha vaTA ThukarA diyA kamAtA kI kAmuka nArI krodha meM bhar3aka utthii| usane javasaMbara se pradyumna ko apane sAtha kI huI kuveSTAoM kI mUMThI zikAyate kI / dRdi vanarsavara se pradyumna ke apane sAtha kI huI kuceSTAoM kI kUThI zikAyate kI / vRddha janasevara ne 500 putroM ko use mArane kI AjJA dI para pradyumna ne vidvayA ke bala se sabakI mUrcchita kara diyaa| sabako harAkara unako Adhipatya svIkAra karA punaH jIvita kara diyaa| phira nArada ke kahane se vArakA aayaa| rAste meM satyabhAmA kI patnI banane vAlI lar3akI ko mIla banakara usase TIma liyaa| udadhimAlA kA sambandha pahale pradyu ke sAtha hI fafted huA thA / bhataH kanyA kA balapUrvaka haraNa kara vivAha kara liyA |vArakA Ane para apanI viduvAoM ke se aneka rUpa banAkara satyabhAmA va mahala ke parivArakoM ko aneka prakAra se ma sa~ga kiyA / brAhamaNa janakara saba anna paiTU kI bhAMti DA jAnA, naukaroM ko ulTA laTakA denA jAdi aneka kautuka isa kAmadeva (pradyumna) ne kie aneka varSoM ke bAda putra ko pAkara vAtsalya meM nihAla ho gii| pradyumna meM kRSNa balarAma ke zaurya kI parIkSA karane ke lie mAyA kI apanI banAkara usakA haraNa kara liyA prayumna kA kRSNa aura balarAma ke sAtha bhayaMkara yuddha huA / usane apanI sidha vivAdoM se unheM staMbhita kara diyaa| pAnDavoM ko itavarSa kara

Page #654
614 diyaa| aneka vANoM se kRSNa kI sArI senA ko vismita vyAmohita aura stambhita kara diyaa| donoM jaba pradyumna ko mArane lage, to nArada ne vAstavika sthiti btaaii| pitA putra gale mile| nagaravAsiyoM ne donoM kA bhavya svAgata kiyA aura pradyumna va satyabhAmA ke putra bhAnukumAra kA dhUma dhAma se vivAha ho gyaa| isake pazcAtu kAvya ke uttarAdha meM hemaMdhara muni pradyumna ko pUrva pana varNana karate hai| pradyumna ko jJAta huA ki usakA pUrva janma kA bhAI zIghra hI avatAra lene vAlA hai to usane vidyA ke prabhAva se jAtI ko nakalI satyabhAmA kAmamudrita pahilA kara banA diyA aura putra jAnvevaMtI ko mila gayA / putra kA nAma zAna kumAra rakSA gyaa| phira usakA pArigrahaNa huaa| jayasaMvara va kanakamAlA mI vahIM jA gae / saba prema se rahane lge| chappana karor3a yAdavoM ne asAdhAraNa utsava kiyA / meM jina vaMdanA karane kailASa ge| dharma kI bhAvanA ho gaI aura aneka varSoM taka jinamedanA kara ke samakSa mAye / kevalI unhoMne yAdavoM kA saMhAra pUchA aura gaNadhara se unako nazvara jAna dIkSA prathama kara lii| nArAma kRSNa aura maNi vilApa karane lage, para pradyumna ne sabako kara diyA aura kevala meM kaivalya (nirvANa) prApta kiyaa| saMkSepa meM kAvya kI kathA vastu nahI hai| vastutaH isa adhikArika sthA vastu ke sAtha aneka choTI choTI ghaTanAeM calatI rahatI hai| jo prati nAyaka kI bhA~ti hI kathA ke utsarga meM yoga detI hai| inase nAyaka ke kaI prativandI hote haiM jinase usake zaurya ko gati milatI hai| astu saMpUrNa kAvya meM eka aitihAsika sarvatra hotA bATA ke aneka maulika ghaTanAoM ke varNana ke thA kAvya kI prIta va kavi pratimA kA paricaya milatA hai| pUrA kAvya ghaTanA pradhAna hai jisameM vividha vanoM kI kar3iyoM kA umme # pAdapa aura kalA kI dRSTi se vicAra karane para prastuta caritra kAvya variya kAvya bahuta bar3I saMkhyA meM se kaviyoM kI eka vizeSatA yaha bhI rahI hai ki kA mahatva spaSTa ho jAtA hai| milane lagate hai| yahI nahIM, ke

Page #655
615 inhoMne kAvya kA nAyaka ucca varga kA hI nahIM, kisI bhI kulIna puruSa ko pI junanA prArambha kara diyaa| kisI zudadha vIra dAnavIra, dharmavIra aura karmavIra ko carita nAyaka banAkara use jana sAdhAraNa aura azikSata varga ke lie sarasa kAvya me mulama kara diyA hai| isa sambandha meM aMgrejI ke prasiddha vidvAna vinTara niTna kA itihAsa dRSTavya hai| kyA ko mAdhyama juna ina carita kAvyoM yA vA kAvyoM dvArA jaina darzana va usake kaThina sAdhya siddhAntoM para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| racanAkAra: racanAkAla kI mAti prazanna tharita ke katI kA prazna pI umA ijA thaa| aura zrI kAmatA prasAda na me payaracha nagara saMta nagara varSada jApita isa payaraccha magara ko rApakara kavi kA nAma rAbaraka li diyaa| isI taraha nAgarI pracAriNI kI khoja riporTa kA bhI isI sambandha meM nirAkaraNa kiyA gayA thA boja riporTa meM isa prantha ke ramitA kA nAma agravAla bAgarA nivAsI bavAyA hai jo eka dama asaMgata va prabhAvita hai| racayitA kA nAma kavi ne prAraMbha meM hI de diyA hai| nimna rarakoM meM ukta bhUloM kA bhI parihAra ho jAtA - kavi bAgare kA vA batA ramanA sthAna yA to AgarA.rAjasthAna yA pAyare kA bhI koI samdhi sthala sA hogA: pArada zizu madi kavitu na hoI nA koDa ho sabAra parva sarasatI, ni idhi hoi kabahudI' hirahI bAinDiyana mAraparI sa. vinTara nidara,mAga 1 . 04-7 // hidI bhAkA vi zrI kAmatA prasAda na pR.15|| -apa paritA prAmera aMDAra, babapura, patha / /

Page #656
616 aThavala kamala sarovara vAsu kAsamIra puri liu nivAsa haMsi vahI kara lekhana heDa, kavi sacA sarasa paNaneDa . na mAi, rohinI jo sAmAna devI navai saghAu jina vidhi hari mara kara sAdhA agaravAla kI merI jAti, pura agarovara uhi upAti ataH spaSTa hai ki kavi sasthA thA usakI jAti agravAla jaina thI aura nivAsa sthAna kyA cita AgarA racanA ke ta meM kavi tulasI dAsa kI pAti-kavi meM hou nahiM catura pravIna aura kavita viveka eka nahIM more Adi sUmoM kI taraha badhA bhI vAnI kI samaya apanI laghutA ko svIkAra karatA hai:budhi DIna bAnoM ke bhavara mAvaha guna peTha paDita jagaha namUnamUkara joDi, DIna adhika jaNa lAvahu khoi isa prakAra grantha ke racanA kAla aura katI Adi ke sambandha meM taka phaila samasta grama nirmUla sidha ho jAte haiN| isa prakAra ke tathyoM ko svataMtra rUpa se prakAza meM lAne ke prayatna bhI hue hai| -kAlpanika ghaTanAoM aura avAntara vyAyoM kA vivecana kIM mUla kathA se itara jina maulika ghaTanAoM aura kAlpanika kathAoM ko apane jaina siddhAntoM meM DAlA hai ve isa prakAra hai: prArambha meM kavi dvavArA baubI vikendroM kA vaMdana 10 va pada 3| 1- vahI pada 11 2- vahI, pada 60 4- nahI pa 10 hindI anuzIlana 9 aMka 140 13-201

Page #657
mArada kA AnA, satyabhAmA kA unako namana na karanA,nArada kA kumaNa se sammAvi kA satyabhAmA ke bhAna bhaMga ke lie vivAha karanA, rukmAni ke bhAI se idha vyA hipAla vdh| vaiSNava granthoM meM zivapAla kA vadha spaSi-pariSaya meM nahIM hotaa| yudhiSThira ke rAjasya bana meM hotA hai| isake atirikta kRSNa samAmi vivAha kA kAraNa pI vaiSNava granthoM meM salamAmA kI nArada kI upekSA nahIM hai| pUrva janma ke vaira ke kAraNa viDyAdhara dhUmaketu kA prtishoss| zilA ke nIce se jamavara kA uca para lAla putra kI taraha pAlana kalA jabaki vaiSyabandha hamachalI ke peTa se nikalA thA aura mAnoM ne jAkara use rAjA ko maiTa diyA thaa| pUrva paba kA lagabhaga sabhI vrnnn| pradyumna ko namasaMbara ke lar3akoM dvArA azni kuNDa ve bhavAnaka sthAnoM meM kudAnA aura puravita lauTa aanaa| dudha pradAna kAsamIpavartI rAjAoM ko parAjita krnaa|knmaalaa kA use kAma bhAvanA meM dekhanA aura prema karanA tathA Acala meM sipAne kI reSTA, prajJAna kA nizvara ke pAsa jAkara usakA kAraNa pUchanA yA kAmAlA se tIna vidyA mAganA va jabara ke igoM ko apanI / vimAnoM se parAjita krnaa| prazana kA vidvAnoM kA jalavAna, aminavAna, bAya bApa, Adi aneka stroM ko prApta krnaa| jhAkA mana Da rAne meM prana kA pITha ga bega banAnA, rAmArI kA pa baranA, hamArakA bAkara bAnara kA kama banAkara nAmA mAga ko svAnA, ye brAhamaNa kA veza bamAra saba mana ko zAbAnA, sva kA ivAra para reTa bAnA, ityoM ko ulTA TaoNma denA, apanI kisAnoM se patha meM lava nikoM ko ti krnaa|

Page #658
618 kumAra kI utpatti tathA pUrva bhava varNana aura pradyumna kA dIkSA lenA pI kavi kI apanI hI maulika tathA kAlpanika dena hai| aMtima tathA navIna bhAta kavi kI lI gata vizeSatA hai| varNana paddhati tathA marga kI sUcanA apane hI prakAra se detA hai| stuti maMDa ke bAda kavi dUsare peDa ke parivartana kI sUcanA isa prakAra detA hai: 1) tuti khedd| (2) niNasAsaNa mAhi kahiya bhAra harisuva cariDa karai sAdhArapada) (1) kAla saMvara ghara,idiza karADa,mAhuri kyA vArikA pAya(pada ) (4) pAbamAsa dina varisagavAya, bAhuri thA vIra pahaMjAi (155) (5) bahuta barata barasyo milI, pAu viyAga suvArikA balI (28) (0 hara vAta bace i rahI,bAhuri kathA kapimI paha maI (6) (0) i avasa bAtara para pUrva videza jAi mavara (1) C. kuMDalapura so rAga karAi bAhuri kyA ivArikA gAi (59) vastutaH ina vanoM meM kavi ne paryApta maulikatA rakhI hai| svayaM kavi samAne pradyumna kI kyA ko sarasa kyA kahA hai| paraveyara bAgavalI rAma kI bhAti pradUrAma carita mI vIra rasa kA kAbya hai| bIra rasa aMgI bhAva aura aMga pAva meM hai| bIra sake aipa varNana kavi ke kAvya kauSala ke pratIka / zrIna dhipAla kA samAvi haraNa ke avasara para apana, mahAna aura siMha ratha kA adha kAsaMbara aura pradUpanna sudha vA zrImAna mahima pazca manI varSana utkRSTa zipAla kImAriyoM deriyA yA rAmA lii pilI vari corI harIlA mA kopi motiyA nareza pariyapakAsa demi aura kA mana ko pira bhIma kA ye nisAvA pAra

Page #659
tarIya palAmA gayara guDahu kAlama hui rAmbata canA rahivara sAjahu gayavara guraha saja puDa Aja raNavabhiDaDa rAvata kara sAjahu karavAla, pANuka kara pazuha TakAra sapAla abhISaNarAu duibala puinana supA ThAu ghoLa pura lai uchala beha, jimi gAjahi mAdo kema meha 'cinha bAra dIsaha varaMta, jApI dAvAnala kara (Di) nimarjata caturama dala bhayo sanuta, paNa baiga raNa ai pahu~ta Avata dar3ha dI athavA DIha lopI sasi bhAra hA viyA vAri piDA dAvIra, varamA vANa sadhaNa jApI nIra vaha sahacyArivAya paharei, 15 se ATha saMghANa kre| vaha solaha pari mailai cAu vaha battIsana mubhA gAu boravIra sare samarAka me duza kara saMbhANa isI mAti zrI kRSNa aura pradhamma budha ke varSoM meM kavi kA mana khUba ramA hai| hAdhiyoM kI garjanA ghor3oM kI hinahinAhaTa, talavAra dhanuSa gadA va Adi vastroM ke prayoma Adi varNana prabhAvazAlI hai| pratyeka adha meM kavi ne rahivara sAga gambara garA, nAha muhaMDa mAjA raNa miDau- paktinoM se budha kA bhI gameza kiyA kavi kI zrI kRSNa pradyumna adha meM utsAha kI bhUmikAdezie: AyaDa bhaya muDara ra calai, bAla ke vilakSAtI karai ke kara pAyA karavA sAjila viyA aura mAthe mevara puDhI, puTara mAripa bahA ke turIna pArAli, me muhara sAjirava baDhA TATanA ) mA TopA deha kora geDa ke kara bAra kora avira nIkA mAni kora samhArA kI kora karimA bAharI

Page #660
yuddha ke kucha udAharaNa dekhiya: 620 dou dala saya mahAra sunu sAji dhanuka kara la ina sAji lapa karavAla, jAmika jIpa pavArI kAla mamagalasiM maimala ra mirai, haidara hayo haidara Amira rAjata pAika mire panAri, paDhAi uThai jimavara kI vAri keu hAkar3a ke lara ke mAramAra pramaNa ke mirai smari ramAji kAyara niklai bhAji 100 d ---- --- kopA paMtha taba yaha bAta caDhAi hAtha karilara caraMga babhiDa pacAri koraNa patha na sakai sahAri sahaDyo hAtha keMdra karavAla, nikula kauvale kara prahA haladhara juka na pUjai koi alAvA lada pahara soDa (mada 47-489 ) yuddha meM pradyumna dvArA vidyAoM kA prayoga (223) tathA sabako staMbhita karanA Azcarya kI puSTi karatA hai| aise sthaloM para adbhuta rasa kI phrIkI milatI hai mohe saNa savala ra paTTe dekha buDa vimANA caDhe ThA kA razvira iyavara paDe, chUTe chatra ji yamini gare kA kA maila paDhe anaMta je saMgrAma Ahi yamaMtra * sainA ki parI rama bAma, vilasa vadana mA kesa sAma baliyo vIra bhAi yaha kavaNu (486) hA hA kAhu kaTai mahamadapu paraspara bhayaMkara yuddha hone se kahIM kahIM matsa kA bhI varNana huA hai| miyoM kA maharAnA cAro ora rakta kI dhArA aura narasuDa hI narakuNDa yA yamarAja kA dudha kA bhojana kA niyaMtraNa denA ature kA varNana karatA hai: rahivara par3e vargava, DAya hAya bhayamala nayatu ThAThA bihAra barAra, hAi ThAi klika nevAla gIdhIcI svAra karai pukAra, anu bagarAya janAvahivAra begi sA par3hI soDa, prasa Aha bina fara ets

Page #661
621 isI prakAra vAtsalya (534) (pratyunna skmaNi ke milana para) skmaNI ke putra viyoga para (136, 138, 139 ) karuNa, nakSazisa varNana ranivAsa varNana aura sajjA varSa meM aMzika rUpa meM zrRMgAra, pradyumna kA krodha meM kRSNa balarAma ko lalakAranA, udita vacanoM se yuddha ke lie uttejita karanA (456-457), krodha maiM Akara agnibANa, jala bANa, vAyuvAya Adi chor3anA (501-515) Adi sthaloM para raudra kA varNana huA hai| itanA saba kucha hote hue bhI kRti kI samApti nirveda se huI hai| svayaM pradyumna neminAtha ke pAsa jAkara dIkSA grahaNa karate hai| kRti kA paryavasAna prayana kA samavasaraNa meM kara dIkSita hone meM hotA hai: fafe kuveta, mahA bhayau DiDi nemizvara saMjamu la * bAhuriyana garikA moga vilAsa carita bilaers agaracaMdana bahu parimalavAsa, sarasada bola kusama sara dAsa aisI rIti kAlagata gayau kuNi ra nemi jina kevala bhaTa samavasaraNa ta Ai sudi janavAsI avara sura riDaM (642-650) yAdavoM ke vinAza ke vardhana se pradyumna saMnyAla le baiThate hai: basa disAra bahujAva bhae kari saMjama jinavara pATha dIvA lei kumara paradava ciMtAvatyu bhayara nArAyaNa (156) aura nArAyaNa ke yaha pUne para ki "kavana budhi le upanI to Aja jina laii pU para pradyumna- pradyumna saMsAra kI nazvaratA para prakAza DAlatA kumA kahatA hai: kA kA rAja mogu caravAka vinaMtaka basa saMcA ree mAla jima yaha jADa phiras, svarga paDhAla hami bhavataraka dama tuma sama pubaha jammU sohara ANi caTAu kamma prakRti vana sAdhAraNa hai| prastuta aprastuta donoM moM meM prakRti kA skUla kI kavi nai kunA hai| banamAyA kAvya hone se usakA mana bhI isameM kama hI svA hai aisA lagatA hai| makAra tathA narimananAtmaka rUpa meM hI prakRti citraNa milatA hai|

Page #662
satyabhAmA ke udyAna kA varNana karate samaya kavi ne kaI kyoM evaM phaloM ke nAma ginAye hai| varNana meM koI saundarya vizeSa nahIM hai kevala kavi ne varmana paraMparA kI rakSA mAtra kI hai: jAha juhI pADala kacanArU, vAla siri betu tihi sAla jau mahakA aka kaNavIrU, rAga capar3a kevara uga hI kaiDa Tagara maidAsa siMdUra pahice mahai sarIka dambANA mamvA kehi bhAva mivalI mahamAi anaMta mAma jamIra sadAphala dhaNe bahuta nirasataha vA Dimbatane kelA dAsa vijaure cA nAriMga karUNa kI pi apAra nIbU piMDa kharI saMsa biraNI lavaMga guhArIvAla nAri kela ko bahuphale mela kaima yo Avale (bahI ! vividha vana: vividha varSoM meM kavi kA mana sUba ramA hai| samjA varNana, vivAha bana nagara ivAra soraNa zakuna apazakuna varNana Adi dekhie:na varmana bAi disA karakA gae, vATa kATino kAlo nA mahuvara dAhinI aMdu parihAra dakSiNa visa kA rivAla gaNamA dIsA jIva amiSA paTTA sima vai saha paMdhi pAradhi mamA kahe pati pAsa na vI pAra prastuta carita kavi ne paramparAnusAra aneka varNana kie hai| nagara, prabhya bAra boraNa, ranivAsa varSana ke sAtha kavi ne vivAha varSana nasazisavarNana majjA bana mAdi aneka varNana liya-dhArakA kA - dekhiya: bAbara mAha ivArikApurI, para jaba jo ravikAra dharI bArA ko savistAra kaMcapa kalama ti dIsaha bAra hAya bAra pani dha phaTika dIza sim bIvana dhavalahara abAsa mA mandira devala yAsa

Page #663
623 caurAsI boTe apAra bahuta pAti dIsa suvicAra naI disa rAhara gAhira gaMbhIra, cahu~ disi lahara koi nIka ---- ---- brahRmaNa strI sahi tithavara vaisa sUda tarhi nivasahi avara kulI balI sata Tramaes ThAi, tihi puri sAmita jAya rAja valasADa gaNata anaMta karahi garja modanI vila tIna saMha cakkesari rAu, ariyana vala mAnava parivAra (pada 20) kavi ne 16 vidyAoM kA cAmatkArika varmana tathA pradyumna kA vibhinna devI devatAoM se aneka astra vastroM kI prApti kA sthala varNana kiyA hai: rAju chADi gaTa tapakaraNa solaha viiyA bAkI dharaNa hari gharanAha hoi avataraNu tuhi nirati leDa para dava yaha thoDI tu rAjA tamI le samhAlI vastu ApaNI fse Aloka aru moDavI, jala sobaNI ra darasaNI gagana bana pAtAla gAminI ka darikSaNa sudhAkAraNI aginI thaMma vidyA vAraNI bahu rUpiNI pANI vaidhanI guTikA sidhi payAra hoi saba sivi jAnai sabu koDa cArA baMcamI naMbara dhAra solaha vidyA nahI banAra (189) vimA bola kA vicAra bambara sira musTa pAra nAma se vo rAnI varI asImI kapaTa dInA pAvaDI vijaya koere javAra caMdra sacAsana sevana DAla dres hAtha kAma suMdarI paDUna sAyakara kaDidA dUrI kusuma jAna kara DAha ke kuMDala vala sambala paharei (224-115) pUrA carita kAvya doDhA bocAI meM hai| parantu sAtha hI vastu kUTaka aura yuvaka kA prayoga bhI kavi ne kiyA hai, jo jaina kaviyoM kA prasiddha cheda hI rahA hai kucha saMyoM ke udAharaNa devi after stoe alika cala, nimi choDaDa ava bhogavai

Page #664
624 tiriyahi sAhasa go ho, tiriya carita jiNa kulaha koi (256) gAthA kA bhI kahIM kahIM prayoga milatA hai:dadhati gumA vicalaM. balahA sajjanAhi varDa ti vivasAya mAthi sidhI pari samsa paraMmuhAdimvahA (268) eka sthAna para marabara kA prayoga bhI milatA hai:kedapu paya nayara majhari bhayaNa kiraga ravi loSika baDhi avAsa varaMgiNI nAri tinakA manu avila sibara dhana rupiNI mana dharita rahAi nArAyaNa ghara avatarita suranara avara jayajayakAra jihi Age kalayara mayau ghara ghara toraNa umevAra sampana ko Di ucca prayau (54) malakAra kA svAbhAvika varNana racanA kI bhASA ko aura adhika sabaka banA detA hai upamA, rupaka, utpredA, maka isTAnta, vaha, aAntaranyAsa apanhuti atizayokti yA svAmAvokti Adi aneka alakAra barSita hue hai| kavi meM sabase adhika utprevAoM kA hI prayoga kiyA hai jo bahuta anUThI .. " Ti sUna bhai daDI bana kuSi marahaTa papar3I ( caur3A puralA udhvI roDa, ganu pAhi bhAvI kima meha " binA magara vIsaha samaraMta, jAgo dAvAnalavara laha) 'nimaya rahI kheha hopI hasi pAi atizyokti) kIba pariza viTohI nAri, kI dambadAlI vaha mamA ri kI lAla, pUta saMvA sva guNa parA (4) smarana kara ra mAga pahADAra, paNa saha dIpaDa vAri yA mArine re, disA nimpala pANI bhare aura vika saba dIyA, bAvalA ho piyare pagAra ukta bI bIyo AvaDa mAsa pIka (158)

Page #665
625 udAharaNa tathA arthAntaranyAsa10 bAlA sUra mAgAsaha hoi tinako jUma saha para koI vAla vaMDa sahasara Ai, nAke 'visamaNi maMtu na Adi vaha hADi gae vapa DAu, tA kahakoNa kaI parivAra (1) visahara muha pAle hAtha, mo mosaha jujha gaha samatha (1) utpradhA mUlaka atizyokti: viDyAbala taha racyo vimAzu, ahi bayota Topi sasi bhAnu mIdhINI syAu kara pukAra, janu jamarAya jaNabahisAra inara sAji lapa karavAla, mANika jIma pakSArI kAla (4) mahamahana ko piDa baDai, anu girivara panca ukhara hA ganhA pahiyA salakita sesa, yama grAma calita hari isa prakAra alaMkAroM kA varNana jana bhASA kAvya ko dharma yA nIti, upadeza pracAra evaM gthA ko Age bar3hAne ke lie kAvya ko pravAhamaya banAne meM yoga detA hai| pradyumna carita kI bhASA marata hindI hai, jisameM sthAna sthAna para rAjasthAnI kA pravAha spaSTa parilakSita hotA hai| kahIM kahIM avadhI kamI dekhane ko milate hai jisakA kAraNa kavi kA nivAsa sthAna AgarA honA hI lagatA hai| pradyumna karita kI bhASA ko AdikAla ke hindI jaina sAhitya kI bhASA sambandhI kaI usakI bAtoM kA prastuta karatI hai savaya gulasI mAdi kaviyoM meM se hI kaviyoM se apane anya kI racanA karane kI preraNA lI hogii| paramparAmA apaca bhAdoM kA pI prayoga milatA vastusa: kRSi kI pArA vimAna ke sAmoM ke lie atyapayogI hai| ukta dharaNa se bhASA va aboM kI pUrI jAnakArI kI jA sakatI hai| - kRti meM kavi ne aneka gau nIti vAkyoM mastiyoM aura mubhASinI'

Page #666
kA varNana kiyA hai no pASAko sarasa banAte hai| jahAM kavi apane varNanoM meM adhika upadezAtmaka ho jAtA hai vahI aneka vikSayA A jAtI hai:(.) ge vidhi likhyo na meTai koDa (0) (2) nahi rAja bhoga mahi hoi, punnA naru upanA mura loI (222) 7) nIcI idhi zimbarasa niharaDa, uttima oDi nIca sa~gai (158) 4) tiriya visAsa karai jo papara, jihi ni sopyo rAjA ra pUrva rarita na meTana kaba (0 carI mAgata bhojana karai asuha me naha bheTai koi| 0 bApana u lAlacI hoga, bahuta sAi jApa sA koI (7) nATakIya gimA saMdhiyA jyA artha prakRtiyA prazamna barita meM pArasparika vAda- jabasavara prayana saMvAda, kRpa samaNI va kRya pradyuma saMvAda meM eka nATakIya lApa kI puSTi hotI hai, jisameM nATakIya gimA pA sakate hai| sAtha hI kyA meM eka ama bIja, kinda, patAkA, prakarI aura kArya tyA bhArambha prayatna prAptyAga, niyavAmita aura lAgana mAthi kA krama mila pAyA hai| manuH thA bastu ne ina lAyaSika batyoM kA samAhAra bhI kavi ne isa kArya kAvya meM kiyA hai| ati prAva thA maulika satya: ____jana pAsa kAma kI abhivyakti ko tIvratara va prabhAvazAlI banAne ke lie kAma thAka meM ati prA zA ii kika daivIya zaktiyoM kA bhI kAma sArA liyA hai| saba khagoM ge nAyaka maMtra pugadha kI mAvi ksabhita kara vijaya prAna karatA hai| kAnuzAra ra banAkara hI go vahI prakTa honA, aDAma hogA, makavAnoM ke vibhinna prakAra kI dRSTi homA, aneka vimAnoM yA maMtra va bhAdi ke prabhAva ke sabakA mUrchita honA, vidyAdharo kA bhanI bhAvApIka prastuta kalA, jhiA ke nIce dabAne para bhI nAyaka pradyumna

Page #667
kA jIvita nikalanA Adi ghaTanAoM meM kavi ne nizcita rUpa se vaivIya tatva kA sahArA liyA hai jo kyA meM vaividhya va kautUhala utpanna karatI hai| pAzcAtya sAhitya meM zeksapiyara ne nATakoM meM bhI vastutatva meM isa prakAra ke aprAkRta varNana milate hai| sAmAjika tatva kati meM kaI pase sthala hai jinameM kavi sAmAjika tatvoM va sthitiyoM para prakAza DAlatA striyoM kA caritra, puloM kA darSa, svArtha Adi kA julakara varNana hai| janasaMbara ko kanamAlA ke dhokhA dene para jabasabara striyoM ke svArtha, vizvAsahIna rUpa tathA kRSNa pakSa para vistAra meM vivecana kiyA hai|vrnnn bhASA kI saralatA sarasatA aura bhAva pravamatA desipa: desi carita jaba bolA rAu, aba yo payA bhara ke ThAra viriyaha sapau jupati gaTha karai, mo bhASA aNasuTai bharaDa siriyahi sAhasa yo hoi, tiriya barita jiNa kulaha koDa nIcI budhi timvaram niharaDa, utima choDi nIca saMgai pagaDI nIca dei so pAu, eso nivaDa va sahAra tiriya biyAsa karai jo para, jihi jIu soyo rAmA iije rAja amodhara mabau, amai mahA dezo mAlayana visa lADa vA mArayo rAu, puSi kuvA samyo kari mAra amayA rANI kie vinAma, muDa dasa lAgi gae parAna milipi mahA ho yo, lai tapa caraNa zusa gayA rAma rAma bATI rADi, vigraDa payA panakA lAgi yA iDai, saMkA para sI, lAi syo pahayA rAvaNa saMgharai kauroM pADo bhArata bhayA niskuilaleta mahAhana vyau bhavara polmI pAri bei bala bolai dovaDa nAri (255-265) sAra ina vividha dRSTAntoM kavi strI parita para kIrvipUrNa prabhAva DAlatA hai|

Page #668
628 kathA paraMparArya, kathA rUDhi avAntara ghaTanA: vastu meM pUrva varNita maulika ghaTanAoM kA sundara kutUhala va ghAta pratipAta prastuta kie hai| jahAM taka kyA rUr3hi aura paramparA kA prazna hai kavi ne vana paddhatiyoM prAcIna hI rakkhI hai| chaMda tyA vastu zailI Adi meM apabhraMza kI paramparAoM kA hI anugamana kiyA hai sAtha hI kathA paramparAoM meM bhI kavi ne pUrvaracita saMskRta prAkRta aura apabhraMza ke kAvyoM kI kathA ko mUla AdhAra mAna kara apane manovAMchita prayoga ina avAntara kyA prasaMgoM ke rUpa meM kiyA hai| ye saba ghaTanAeM mUla kathA ke sAtha prAsaMgika kathAoM kA kArya karatI hai| yadyapi prayamma ke vivAha ke bAda Age kI ghaTanAoM kI saMgati AdhikArika kathA se ThIka se nahIM baiTha sakI hai parantu phira bhI unako kyA vastu kI vRddhi tathA kthA meM pragati hetu mAnA jA sakatA hai / ghaTanAoM meM yuddha kI cAle, vimAnoM ke prayoga rAjanaitika mantroM tathA nIti pradhAna vAryo kA varNana kavi ke bahuza hone kA pramANa prastuta karate haiN| aneka prAcIna vidyAoM kA varNana prAcIna yuddha vijJAna va paurANika yuddha kauzala va astra zastroM kI vividhatA kA paricAyaka hai| ahiMsA itanA bar3A vRddha kAvya hone para mI, khUna kI nadiyAM bahane para bhI bhayaMkara yuddha karane para bhI jhumna varita dvArA kavi ne ahiMsA kA pracAra kiyA hai| nAyaka pradyumna apanI vivAdoM ke prabhAva se sabako svamita kara aceta kara devA haiM para kisI bhI vyakti kI hatyA nahIM krtaa| apanI viyA ke prabhAva se una efeatine bhAvanA kAvya ke mUla meM hai| vIra kAvya hote hue bhI yaha kAvya sabase bar3A virodhAere prastuta karatA hai| loka kAvya: ate kAyoM kI paramparA meM pradyumna carita kA mahatva pUrNa sthAna hai| kA bhASA kaviyoM meM adyAvadhi upaladha lagabhaga sabhI jana bhASA kAvyoM meM yaha samma siddha huA hai| vyavahArika jIkA kI choTI choTI ghaTanAoM ke hote hue bhI isakI mukhya saMvedanA ThokopakAraka hai| sarala bhASA pravAha, suSThaktiyA~

Page #669
629 zabdoM kA saundarya, sAmAjika tatva, bhAva kI utkRSTatA tathA gahanatA duvArA kavi jana jIvana kA rahasya prastuta karatA hai isase kRti kA mahatva aura bhI adhika bar3ha jAtA 1 mukhya saMvedanA: * pradyumna carita kI mukhya saMvedanA jana bhASA meM nAyaka ke zaurya, carita tathA dharmonnati kA pracAra karanA hai| pUrI kRti meM sthAna sthAna para kavi upadeza pradhAna ho jAtA hai| jana bhASA kAvya hone se kavi ne nAyaka ko bahuta hI vistAra diyA hai| tAki usake bala parAkrama aura zaktizAlI vyaktitva se jana sAdhAraNa paricita ho skeN| kavi ne kahIM bhI nAyaka kA parAbhava nahIM dikhAyA hai nAyaka ke vyaktitva ke saphala vikAsa ke sAtha kavi ne jaina dharma va darzana ke mahatva pUrNa siddhAnta kavAda kA bhI pUrvatayA pretipAdana kiyA hai| prArambha meM caubIsa tIrthakaroM kI vaMdanA, jinamandiroM va muniyoM ko nAyaka kA namana, sthAna sthAna para muniyoM kA pUrva karma va pUrva pava kathAoM kA varNana saba isa bAta ke pratIka hai| vastutaH 5vIM zatAbdI ke prArambha meM sadhAra kI kRti apanA vizeSa sthAna rakhatI hai / sadhAra digambara kavi the ataH unakI bhASA pRthvIrAja rAso kI bhASA kI hI mAti hai|ptaambr kRtiyoM se sadhAra kI bhASA meM paryApta antara hai jo mI ho kRti bar3I mahatvapUrNa hai aura AdikAlIna sarala hindI kI mahatvapUrNa kahI hai| carita kAvyoM meM upalabdha kRtiyoM meM sabase bar3I kRti prayam varita hI hai|

Page #670
630 ha ne mizvara crit| maNikya suMdara mari (saM0 1470) vikrama kI 15vIM zatAbdI meM mANikya sundara sUri ne naimizvara carita kAvya kI racanA kI hai| kavi zrI mANikya sundara sUri acala ga ke mestuMga mUri ke ziSya the| mANikya sundara sUri ne isa kRti ke sAtha sAtha aura kaI andha likhe hai jinameM catuH parvIcampU, zrIdhara carita (saM0 1463) dharmavanta sthAnaka, juka rAja kyA, malaya sundarI kadhA, saMvibhAgavata kyA,sattara bhedI pUjA, guNavamA carita (t0 1483) Adi kthA aindha saMskRta meM race hai isake atirikta aneka TIkAeM bhI likhI hai|' 15vIM zatAbdI meM pRthvIcandra caritra jaisA utkRSTa gaThya prantha likhA hai| padaya meM kavi kA yaha carita kAvya upalabdha hai jo bhASA zailI aura pada lAlitya kI dRSTi se bahuta utkRSTa hai| kRti kA racanA kAla va racanAkAra kAsamaya donoM hI spaSTa hai tathA kavi kA jIvana kAla bhI vistAra meM upalabdha hai| racanA bahuta paDale gujarAtI pASA meM prakAzita huI thI parantu isakA pATha kaI aMoM para aTita thA, jo hindI sAhitya ke lie aprakAzita sA hI hai| vastutaH kRti prAcIna rAjasthAnI yA jUnI gujarAtI hai| prati kI pratilipi abhaya jaina granthAlaya bIkAnera meM surakSita hai| yoM isakI mUla prati pATaNa ke maMDAra meM, yA dUsarI bambaI ke rAyala eziyATika sosAyaTI meM DAkTara pAI dAjI ke caMgraha meM hai| racanA ke nAma ke bAme phAga baMdha bababa milatA hai jo sambhavataH kAvya ke phAgu aulI meM likhe jAne kA sUcaka hai| prastuta kRti jana bhAga yA bolI meM likhI 10 degiya mAtmArAma prasAdI - mizvara carita kAma baMdha vIrSaka : 1-vAlva niyakti avIra, bAbAyarka viksi vISikA, piMDa niyukti dIpikA, bopanikitAbIpikApAnakA sibI pikA, uttarAdhyayana dIpikA, AcarAga dIpikA. piMDha niyamita dIpikA.aura mavatatvaM vicaraNa baadi| 1-jaina sarvara kviyo|biivaaii cauDanalAla bhAga 2 pR. 772) -bhAvAnaMda bAdI galrst

Page #671
gaI hai| yoM bolI saba prakAra ke zAstrIya niyamoM se baMdhana sImA nahIM rhtii| prastuta kRti kI varNana zailI se isa kAvya kI jana bhAvavata vizeSatAeM tathA pada mAdhurya spaSTa hai| yaha kRti ThIka vaisI hI sarasa hai jaisI anuprAsabaddha gadya racanA pRthvIcandra caritra samasta kRti 15vIM zatAbdI ke uttarArdUdha kA vyorA prastuta karatI hai| ___ jahA taka racanA kI kathA vastu kA presa hai isameM adayAvadhi neminAtha ke jIvana sambandhI upalabdha hone vAle kAvyoM meM koI navInatA nahIM hai parantu kavi ne oka varNanoM meM baDDI maulikatA prastuta kI hai| jisakA artha gAmbhIryapada lAlitya, lI gata saundarya Adi rUpoM meM Age ke pRSThoM meM vivecana kiyA jaaygaa| kRti kA prArambha kavi ne jIrApallI ke pArzvanAtha aura sarasvatI devI kA maMgalAcaraNa karake kyiA hai| kavi kI zabdAvalI, chaMda vaividhya tathA AlaMkArika anuprAsAtmaka varNana padhati kA paricaya prArambhika pati se hI mila pAyA hai: nama niraMjana vimala samAvihiM bhAvihiM mahima nivAsa re deva jIrApalli vAhilaya navadhana, vidhana harai prA pAsare nAmi-kamA ti kuMDalini nivasati, marasati sAca rUpa re samara sAmipi sujiu paraMpara paramagrAma svarUpa re parama brahama svarUpa, upa purApura bhUga, badhimA baviyata e, nima miramalaya agara amara anaMta, bhavarmajana bhagavata, janamana raMjana e, nama niraMjana e aMgArita girinAra, gAinu me mikamAra, mAra-vikAraNya, tribhuvana mArapura gabana zurU mehaba, dII paramArSada, ziva sukhakArabhae, moha nivAraNa e kavi kA neminAtha kA bALa varSana, ba brahmavArI svarUpa, kRSNa ke dhanuSa kA calAnA sa bajAvA Adi banI khosa meM ullekhanIya hai:maMcana maipilamAra spA hAra, bAsa brahamacArI pana, svai nArI e - sAraMga dhanaka ghare vi, svAmI cha revi,

Page #672
pADiyA pAharie, mani camakiu hari e hAri uparodhiI nemi, tasu bAli semi, suranara savi milI e, joi mana ralI ra helA halAvI bAha, hari hIDolai nAha, mallA -sADai e, bala dekhADai 2 (11-12) prakRti varNana aura vasata varNana ke rUpa meM kavi kA mana khUna ramA hai| abdo kI saralatA dhvanyAtmakatA, anuprAsAtmakatA tathA komalakAta suSamA varNanIya hai| rAma kaida meM varNita vasaMta-gamana dekhie: INi varani rahI Ama dIalA, rituvasata avasara AilA, vAilA dakSiNa vAya tu jina jina kusumi mubhi bhamarA ramaNIyA, bhayaparAya hayavara iNahaSIyA, bhUyapi bhayu bhaDavAya tu (pada) yagiri milI ramala karato gati ramaNI hIidharaMvo sale mAsa vasaMtu jina jina ..... rame raMga jAvana bhUpAlA, zivayamI sAthai varavAlA, bhAlA kusamacI hAdhitu jina jina.... pAradhi pADala ke baDIra, kAyara karaNI kevaDIe e, badalI kare bhASada jina jina .... phophaLI lasa phalI bImArI, banaspati vI morI, morIyA bhugakuMva tu jina pina .... kuMdakalI mahinahImA mA gaDIyA sahakAra, rAba nAraMga nA jaMganA raMga apAra (31-34) gAi bAi vara kiMvA bika badana sevana, rikhana-jana-mAnaMdana, vaMdana bapaka kucha mAra ke rUpa meM aajster aura kRSNa kI striyoM kA varNana mI sundara kyiA kavi

Page #673
633 kiyA hai| kRSNa aura neminAtha kA zArIrika rUpa va jalakrIr3A kA sAtha hI citraNa kiyA gayA hai| varNana sarasa tathA citrAtmaka hai: aMjanavAna zarIra, beI gikhyA gaMbhIra iku nemIsarUpa bIjai sAraMga ghara pa hari hariNAkSI sAthi, svAmI siu~ jaganAthi, khelaI khar3o alIe jali pahaI ukalI pa phIlaI sulalita aMga nemi anai, zrIraMga, sIMgI jali parIpa, ramaI aMtaurI e hari sanakArI gopI dehi milI lAja lopI naimi pAravali phirI e, bhramakaI neurI tribhuvana pati ghara para ramatu nAri makAri, te bolaI viveka tUM eka jaNa avadhAri prabhu / pariNekaDe mAnina mAninI manaha vArlama, taruNIya janamana jIvana yauvana atihi durlama (38-42) kavi ne rAjamatI ke ullAsa kA varNana, usake rUpa saundarya kA Alekhana kyA naimikI alaMkAra sabjA, chatra, camara, lUNa utAranA, dhavalamaMgala gItoM kA upakrama, samasta devoM kA barAta meM Akara zAmila honA, saMgIta vAdyoM kA alApa, nArada kA gIta gAna Adi sabhI sundara citra urhe| hI eka do udAharaNa alam ho: cakora locanI milI, nija nija mani ralI balI valI alaMkarainA hare catura airAvaNi prabhu yadi cAli kAlija pUyami ucchAha re kAne kuMDala palakat jima sakSi ravi-maMDala, maMDala vaha savi jovaI re urivAra haru fatvari maNimukuTa, kaTaka kaikaNi kari sohaI re ---- 4

Page #674
634 bahina utAraha ThUNa svAmI sAca salUNa, pUThiI dhUlahI e gAI dhaulahIe Aviu amaraha rAu, vali nisAme chaDi rAjA vAsukie,Aviu Asa gie graha tArA ravi caMda, Avai apsaravUda Apa diu manue, miliu tribhuvanu e varNana kI alaMkA rikatA spaSTa hai| lUpa utAranA eka rAjasthAnI prathA hai jisameM vara ke vivAha karane para najara na lage isalie bahina usa para mamaka utAra kara agrina meM DAla detI hai| ____ vastutaH kRti meM pazuoM kA dana sunakara nemi ke virakta hokara cale jAne para rAjamatIbadvArA kiyA vilApa bar3A havayakArI va karama hai- rAjamatI ne nemi ko kar3I dera se ekaTaka nihArA thA sahasA isa mayAnaka apretyAzita vidhUna ko komala nArI nahIM saha skii| vyAkula hokara dharatI para gira par3I, pachAr3e khAne lgii| sakhiyoM ne badana jala chir3akA, kavalI dala se vyajana kiyA, caibanA Ane para rAjula vilApa karane lagI, kaMkaNa tor3a die, sAtI para kA hAra utAra kara *ka diyA. he mere jIvana aao| Ao) me bhAra tuma ---- hai papIhe --- pi piu na bolo, kyo ki piTha to svayaM hI megha ke pAsa calA gayA hai, adRzya ho gayA aba to bijalI mI nizvAsa nikala rahI hai| AsunoM se sarovara bhara gae hai. he iMsa) (jIva) aba ur3a jaao| priyatama do siddhi ramaNI meM rama gaye aura apanI prIta bhUla gae he priyatama mATha mavAntaroM kA neDa bhana Akara kyoM tor3ate ho| rAjamatI jala vihIna machalI kI pAti tar3apane lgii|vrssn kA pada lAlitya, kasama vipralama kavi ke vividha pakoM aura uttavAoM ke TUvArA nikhara uThA hai| dekhie: rAjamatI bAlA viviha pari vilapati pati viyoge apAra re phor3A kaNa viraha-karAThI rAlIya urataNo hAra re dhAra cAra gAi jIvana moraDA morahA vAsima vAsi re prIya prIya kA kariva pApIyar3AgrIyaDa mehanai pAsi re khasI bIca cabama bali kAlI dala kI vAra bali bekhana jASiu valila yAdavarAu

Page #675
635 bItA saranara iMda, paNita nemi jipidaM, mayamina chAhIura nAri na vAhi e deva paNa tUM deva dharma prakaTi pramudaiiva paviyaNa jiNi taraMi re bhava vaninavi phiraI e (04-00) gata matsara hiva jinavara nava mai rasi salIna kheDa saMjama Adarai karai vihAra adIna divasa paMcAvana pAmIya svAmIya kevala jJAna (79-90) viraes miliya devAsura samosaraNa pradhAna aura isa prakAra anta meM kavi kAvya kA addezya, carita varNana kA paricaya tathA apanA nAma spaSTa karatA hai| kRti nirvedAta samApta hotI hai| pUrI kRti prabandha zailI maiM likhI gaI hai aura kula 91 chaMdoM meM kAvya samApta hotA hai| anta meM kavi parata vAkya kI bhAMti zAMti vacana kaha kara kAvya samApta karatA hai: zrI jinapati bhAratIya prasAdivi aMtaraMga kari kesari nAdihiM carituracitaM manaraMgi lacchi vilAsaha lIlA kavale ars moha sAmalatA vimala, cheda kali mala maMmi (caraNa-kamali tumha muMga naimIsara atederer mANikasumdara sulalita guNa bhaMDAra) zrI yAdava kula bhUSaNa hIro meha jaima gAjai gaMmIrI dUdha kusuma sara vIro tUM banda svAmI sAmala dhIro gaja jima saba sahaji baiThIro, irija sA mAtu varIya riy aMtara kI nirajanIyA viSama moha mada jiriNi daniyA nemivara saMvAda kula mA sA rAjala rANI mA tU subhaTa karatA bagi jApI vizvala ziva prAsAdi

Page #676
vaya avara jima ke tihi milIyA, suMdara parama brahmAsi milIyA isa varjita vilasati rasi ju mani jiNa bariya mu/dihi, kuna mati puNai suNaI Aditi kA maMgala nita iti (91) vastutaH kRti meM kavi ne rAsu, au, phAga rAsa yA rAmo Adi chaMdoM meM racanA kI hai| sAtha hI bIca bIca meM kavi ne saMskRta zlokoM meM anuSTapa, mAyA, zArdUlavikrI r3ita, zikhariNI Adi saMskRta chadoM ko bhI prayukta kiyA hai| kRti kI bhASA prAcIna rAjasthAnI hai bIca bIca meM apaca ke pI abda mAye hai| padAvalI sarala hai| sAtha hI kavi ne alaMkAroM kA spRhaNIya varNana kyiA hai| Atara yamaka pramukha alaMkAra kRti kI kyA vastu sarala hai nAyaka rAjavaMzI hai jisakA mantabya AdhyAtmika saMdeza hai| mukhya uddezya kavi kA neminAtha kA carita sarasa rAgoM vA DAloM meM saMgItabaddha karake jana mAtrA meM unake uttama AvaroM kA pracAra karanA hai| kthA kAvya ahaMDita rUpa se samApta hotA hai| kavi ne varNanoM meM yathArthatA kA prayoga kiyA hai| lI bhitra hai tathA padAvalI komala kAta hai| bhASA meM apUrva pravAha hai| kavi ne bIta kI bahAroM se lekara nida kA jIvanta varNana kiyA hai| 15vIM zatAbdI ke carita kAvyoM meM meminAtha carita phANu baMdha jailI meM hila gae kAyoM meM utkRSTa kAvya hai| kavi me mundara rUmaka, utprevAeM, upamAeM, aura vividha alaMkAroM kA svAbhAvika varNana kiyA hai| kahanA na hogA, mANikya sundara pUri kA visa prakAra kA spRhaNIya kAvya pazavIndra vAbikAsa hai vaisA hI SaDyAtmaka kRtiyoM meM memimA carita phAgubaMdha

Page #677
637 virATa parva': (zAli sUri) saM0 1478 se pUrva virATa parva pAnDavoM kI barita kathA hai jisameM banavAsa bhogane ke bAda pAndhavoM kA 1 varSa taka ajJAtavAsa kA varNana hai| yaiyapi kavi ne kRti meM carita nAma kahIM nahIM diyaa| parva nAma se mahAbhArata ke parva kA smaraNa ho uThatA hai| ataH parva sarga vibhAjana ke lie zabda hai| ataH kAvya kI kathA vastu ke AdhAra para yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki yaha virATa parvapAnDavoM ke jIvana kA eka choTA sA parva hai, jise unhoMne virATa ke yahAM rahakara bitAyA thaa| pUrNibhagaccha ke guru meri ke ziSya zrI zalisUri meM isa kRti kI racanA kI hai| kRti ahamadAbAda ke pAsa sanaMda nAmaka grAma meM likhI gaI hai| isakI prati meM patra hai jisakI pratilimi vi0 1604kI milatI hai| kavi ne apanA nAma spaSTa kara diyA hai. ANi virATa ciTu pANDava havaM pUri kIdhara kavitta iha kRti mi zAlimasUri ataH yaha spaSTa hai ki kRti harSapura meM likhI gaI hai| kRti kA kAla nirdhAraNa isake samakAlIna lekhakoM dvArA virATa parva ke uddharaNoM ko udhata ka se se nizcita ho jAtA hai ki 15vIM zatAidI kA uttarAIdha hI arthAta 1475-78 ke pUrva hI rahA hogaa| kyoMki mA milma sundara sUri ne isake udharaNa die hai jisakA samaya saM0 1478 hai| virATa parva prabandha zailI para likhA huA eka bahuta bar3A kAvya hai jo 12 kar3iyoM meM liyA huA hai kyA bastu paurANika hai yA jaimevara zAlimA mUri ke prasiddha caritamUlaka rAmatha paica paMDava barita rAma ke pazcAt yahI eka aisI kRti hai jisa zAlimUri ne bar3I kSamatA 'samAlA ti ko bhAiyopAnta anuzIlana karane 1-ra rAbAvIpIyo0Sasa sI-18 0 4.4 /

Page #678
638 para yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki kavi ne kahIM bhI jaina paraMparAoM kA varNana aura pAlana nahIM kiyA hai| sirpha eka paMkti meM jaina prabhAva spaSTa hotA hai: jaiNi dekhi jiNa mANasa mohai 1 kavi kA lihUri nai virATa parva ko do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai: 1- dakSiNa gograha 2- uttaragograha | pAnDava kavi ne mahAbhArata ke viraSTa parva kI kahAnI ko cunA hai usake nAyaka pAca | racanA jaina siddhAntoM, paramparAoM aura anya kisI bhI jaina prabhAva se ekadama kuta hai| pUrI kRti eka prakAra kA yuddha kAvya hai| virATa pAnDavIM va kauravoM kA yuddha atyanta prabhAvazAlI kAvya kauzala prastuta karatA hai| pAnDavoM kA ajJAtavAsa aura ajJAtvaiza meM yuddha karanA aura phira sArA meda mulanA isake uttarAIca maiM hai tathA pUrvAdha meM pAMcoM pAnDavoM kA veza badalakara apane zastroM ko bAhara khejar3e maiM chipAkara virATa ke pAsa draupadI ko sAtha meM lekara jAnA tathA pAMcoMkA dUta, brAhRmaNa, bAla aura azva vidyA pravINa, tathA naTa (nUtaka) Adi vibhinna nAmoM se kArya karanA, aura draupadI kA sairandhrI banakara virATa ke aMtapura meM vRtti svIkAra karanA, kIcaka kA usa para pravRdha honA aura mArA jAnA Adi varNana hai| nIca bIca meM avAntara kathAoM kA varNana carita meM mAkhyAna kI kathA vastu meM tIbratA prastuta karatA hai| yaha pUrI kahAnI 11ve varSa kI hai jisameM pAnDavoM ne ajJAta vAsa kiyA / ko pAnDava apanI vAstavika sthiti kA spaSTIkaraNa karate hai| pa meM yahI kathA kA sAra hai| pAnDavoM kI bAritrika vivektAoM, zaurya sambandhI guNoM tathA merandhrI kA sevA bhAva Adi aneka rUpoM meM kavi ne isa mahAbhArata ke sundara sthaLa virATa parva meM cunA hai| kavi prArambha meM bhAratI kA maMgalAcaraNa karake varadAna mAgatA hai aura apanI kAvya racanA kI kyA vastu kA bhI spaSTa ullekha kara detA hai: - 1- vahIM pR0 3641 (The collumalry

Page #679
639 kAsamIra mukha maMDaNa mADI, tU samI jagi na koI pirADI gItanAhi jima koila kUjai tU pasAI savi kutiga pUjai bhAratI bhagavatI eka mAgU citta pADhava taNe guNi lAgau Api mU vacana I rasavANi hU~ karauM jisi prAkRta vANI paMca paMDavi barnahari vimAsi terivarasa kaimi gamesi nArada ne pAnDavoM ko madhyapradeza meM rahane ko smjhaayaa| bejar3I meM vastroM ko chipAkara deva rUpa ko tyAga kara saba virATa ke yahAM pahuMce tathA pAcauM pAnDavoM va draupadI ne apanA veza nAma va kArya chipAkara kRtrima kArya va deza tathA nAmoM kA spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai varNana kI saralatA dekhie: khejar3I sihiri zastra niyuMjyA, devarUpa bali maMtra prayujvA hupadI rahaI te mati AlIgyA virATa nRpa maMdira cAlI pANi pustaka subarNa janoI rUparvata paha baMdhaNa koI jI virATa nRpa citti vibhAsa, viprarUpa nRpa vA ima pAsai hUM yudhiSThira sabhAsada vina, tUM yadhiSThira narezvara mitra pAca pAnDava vanAsari mAThA, vA haraI saraNi tu acche paThA dUta lakSaNa kalA sabi jAI, mUM haraI isi rAja parAja pa yudhiSThira narendra bUyAra nAmi vallama bhujAbali dvAra hapadI tu canAvaNa hAra, e bRhannaTa kalA siNagAra reads vs vIra nakIja, apava vidUya sathalI harai DaIi trend you goravAla, pAtra ghari yaha govAla paMca ra puruSa loka prasidhA mAnDuputra ridi samuddhA patra kaSi hiMdI te va pArtha puraMdrI kavi ne hairandhrI banI draupadI kA saundarya varNana kiyA hai| kIcaka usa para mugu ho jAtA hai| usake basAdhAraNa saundarya ko ne sabako cakita kara diyA usake saundarya kI mahakikatA dekhiya:

Page #680
640 nAgalo ki vasapAhara kAlI, mAnavI ghaTisi tU nihamAlI tirya loka koi deva na dIsaI tAhara janama jaiNi kahIsai ahaha rUpa asaMbhava bhUvalai, kavaNa kAmini eha sabhI tulaha Diva hAThi mujha manmadha pArivA, eDa jiUNa aMga UgArivA vadana caiva mahArasa laii chADiu, abhiya pahatapI rasanA jaDiLa pavana caMdana gaMdha harAvatau, vadani vAsi vasai disi vAsana nayaNa lA mRganI upamA kisI, haIi hAriu beDi gaI vasI caraNa cArihi haMsa harAvatI, vaca ni jIpai jItI bhAratI nirUpama kulavAlI panI citrasAlI, abikula guNavallI kAma bhUpAla mallI kai hui surarANI mAnavI maIna jANI, ahava hui ji nArI ko itu hui gaMdhArI vastutaH kavi ne draupadI kA rUpa varmana utkRSTa upamAno se kiyA hai| canda mahArasa lekara banAyA huA maMDa, amRta mayI rasamA, basoM dizAoM usake aMgoM kI surabhi tathA saundaryamamI nAyikA ke yauvana va rUpa kA citraNa kavi me apanhuti alaMkAra dvArA kiyA hai| kIcaka meM apane prema meM draupadI ko kaisAnA cAhA, draupadI jaisI mahAsatI kA prabhAva yadyapi virATa kI patnI, kIcaka kI bahina ko laga gayA para kIcaka ne use ulajhAne ke upAya kie| kavi ne subhAvitoM aura imti niti pradhAna uktiyoM dvArA draupadI kI sthiti kA citrAtmaka varNana kiyA hai: pagaMdhakArI miti sadAsI, rahI bacha uttama nAri bAsI kimAna pApila kA vaiba bAgai manavApatu aMdha ugADidAi gvAlA jyAlakhI kahi na paiDa, jala nI dhArahi kuma bahasai

Page #681
mahAsati sile kuna hAsya kIjaDa, tu jIviyA kIcaka nIra dIjai maitti bAta para hI savi bAi strI taLe savi haI jA' mAI / nAri nIrasa na zANi na rAcaI azyahIna pati padma baMbai (pada 26-28) draupadI ke kAraNa kAmuka kIcaka kI huI sthiti kA AlaMkArika varNana dekhie: bhamaraTha marivA aNabIhatara, pasari pai ketakiI hatA kaThina kaMTaka ko Di kaTI raDai, paDiu bedhi purA puNi bhAraDhAi gahAu mehi kIcaka nIca thiu manisu manmatha mArgagaNa nemidhila bharati aMgi anaMga tI paNI, hRdaya mA suTakai mugaloyaNI Talavalai jima nirjala machilI, vala valai ati aMga balI valI malAi lAmai lAvara pAkura, virahi vihavala vAvara vAulA (31) kAmuka kIcaka ko pI pativratA praupadI ne bahuta smjhaayaa| hara taraha se usane apane zarIra ba satItva kI rakSA karanA caahaa| antatogatvA bhIma hI svayaM draupadI banakara calA gayA aura kIcaka kA vadha kiyaa| kavi kI upadezAtmakatA nI nivA aura vividha udAharaNoM tathA dRSTAntoM dvArA kie hue vividha varNana ullekhanIya : makari kIcaka kUDa nikAlijA marI bamU kari mUDha ma jAlijA akla aMbudhi mAhima kApadai, muDi ilADala la ma balA vadana nima vAnara vA piNI kAma pAhisi mIlana mAgiNI badani 'silaM visavelina TIDa, guNDa pAMca nase nAvi iMTiyai bhari mAlani jema viroliyai tina na kevaki keli dholiyA khaNaDa kApi na iMgara DoliyA, baDaha kA karI kula goliyA kari dharI dhUbar3a dhAi bAi, mAdatI dUpati bUMba pADA cAra gharAmAyaka rAzi rAzi, e papImA maIphala dAsi dAvi (41) ropavI ramapi bhI minivArI, dikSADi puSi jIpaI tUM mArI kAhi loka karI asIgAThI ANi vikuna ani zAlA hupadI gaI gAmi bihAra pagi misi kIcaka Apai

Page #682
642 Aji Avija niza chaikAlI, jIha ho naDa nacAvaI bAlI huIMya kA minI ma nirupamI rahiu bhIma tamI mukha bIsanI bahula makSa manukSa mare karI, gayau soDi kIcaka suMdarI bhakSya bhojya savi bhI mi nihAli, khAya sAsasi karA mukhi bAlI cAhi mAhi muhA maliu prImi sIca kIcaka kara mar3ha pImi (57) kavi ne pAnDavoM ke isa ajJAtavAsa ko niyati ke baDa ke kAraNa hI svIkAra kiyA hai|apnii isa kaSTajanaka sthiti ko rAma lakSamaNa, harizcandra aura kRSNa kI bhIla ke hAtha mRtyu Adi antarvathAoM dvArA spaSTa kiyA hai: pAca pAnDava rahayA ima nAsI, hupadI rahI thAIya dAsI deva vANava na rAya na rAu, deva bhAgali na koi saparApaTha rAma lakSmaNa mahI iti pADayA, pAca pAnDaba videsi bhADyA DUMba naIdhari jala bahiricaM diI, bhAlaDI maraNa lAca markadiI uttarAdha meM kavi ne yuidhoM kA varNana kiyA hai aura ina pAnDavoM ke ajJAtavAsa kA bheda kholA hai| kavi ne yuddha kI taiyAriyoM kA varNana bar3e hI kauzala ke sAtha kiyA hai| kavi ne apane loka anubhavoM ko pIsAtha sAtha upadezAtmaka nIti vAkyoM ke rUpa meM raksA hai: eka bAra parisI jalajAisAta bAra guNa jANi pAi jImi pUDa sadAphala hovaI jemi desi jiNa mANasa moDA jIha dAma haridra ma pheDai rAga zeka jIha loka na pIDA pImi desi nRpa hui saparApara, tIpi desi ihiba pAnDava bAra adhoM ke varNana meM, sainikoM kI sajA, vastroM kI sanasanAhaTa, yodhAoM kA zaurya hAthI ghor3oM aura savAroM kA pratiyoktipUrNa varNana kavi ke kauzala kA pratIka hai: va baha milI pAra kApI, kala sIma puranI pu jhApI robhirAu bhaktI parigAr3a, Aja re maI virATa kama tAjA indra bhAvaNa doDa asAharI, sIha rahAI kvA hoipArI seka nAga phala kuMga kaMpAbA bhIma maikyama azva TapAvara

Page #683
643 dhama ghamiu puri nAda nIsAma nau, gahagahiu sura varga samANanau kala kalI bahalI riNa kAhalI Talabai praja huI mAlI daDa daDI dramakI dramakyA arI, iTahuDATa dura huDakI karI kala kalai jimi vAri nidhi palai kimi bhUdhara kaipiTala Talai visama DhAksa dUksa DhamaDhamI, paraharI parameri bihAmaNI muhar3a nI mahilI riNa sAbhalI, priya kahai savi te mana nIralI 'priya mubiI mara maMdiraDa lahI, makarije kaiy viSa vAlahI vIra kaMkaNa bhale bhADi bAdhyA, rAya hAthi taI bIDA lAdhyA jou jINa maDa bhISaNa mAlA, bIra nA sayara kesara yAlA capala tuMga taraMgama pAkhariyA, guDa guDayA asavAra te sAcariyA nRpa virATa 'binAgaja pADavo, sahi gayA samarAmANi mADave kavi ne vIra rasa ke pratIka utsAha kI saphala abhivyakti abdoM kI miThAsa, dhvanyAtmakatA tathA anuprAsAtmakatA vividha utpredhAoM meM DhAla kara prastuta kI hai| udAharaNa dRSTavya hai: patalAi zubhamA dali Dhola vAjaI, jAme asA kiri meha gADa hIyA dhasUkaI sara zeSa sUkaI maya bIhatA kAyara jIva dhuMbaI tavala nai ghabake thara dhUbabai, aritakA mana meM mada chUTabaI kila kilATa karI habakI karaI ghaDa paDai bhaDa rAka raDI marai bANa dhoraNi bihu~ pathi ghaTaI nAda sI giNi to guNi sUkaI bIra bI simaDI mAjaha, gUDha gayabhara tapI guDI gAvaha ahaha dhAka dhAraNuka dhAnuka mi jaDA, khaDaga dhAra ki koDi khaDakhaDai samari dUra basA vici mIbhalI, dhasamasyA subhaTa te riNa sAbhalI durapAyaka mAyaka sariyAM haDa carmati phoDaI susarA yaNa mavi ratha yUM rakhanA dhanI, turana situramai radha mADamI para SaDaI ghara pari nAcatA, raDabaDa zira saMgAri vA (84-89)

Page #684
644 tara sainya chADI ratha vAma Diu, gorbuda bAlI manasAla phaiDiu tau bAu vegi kuru rAu udhara, agasti bho midhi omapIdhara jANe phiriyA sIha rahaI sIyAla, mAtaMga naI jaima masA mAla cihna pase arjana bANa chUTai, sannAha mAhiI sara sIghra phaTUI turaMga mAtaMga sthali pAlA, te pArtha ne vAriyA paMsAlA bApabalI kaurava nIbi kheDa karaI zurale balabaDa caMDa (65) eki nA ratha hayA zava baiMDa, beli bADhI rahiyA balakhaMDa ekinA ratha tagA haba prAga, tIha nA misa karI ekinAThA (71) gajendra kumAsthala sIsa DoDa, koi hiMDolA jima sIsa DolAI turaMga mAtaMga tiM nIdra ghoraI na pakSayA nIlaDI bagoraI (78) paki nA ghaDa paDayAM iki joI dhAratA ghar3a narendra bigoI 3 rAu imozana evi bhAsada, hAra hasI paDiDa viravAsada 5 nAri kapi mara rAja koI kAI sapii iha pArya hoI (1) isa prakAra / varSa kI isa avadhi meM kavi ne virATa parva ko yuddha sthala hI banA diyA hai aura amAvAsI va mAtI pAnDavoM ko yodhAoM ke rUpa meM citrita kiyA hai| kavi ko prakRti varSama tathA anya komala anubhUtiyoM kI abhivyakti kA jaise koI sthala hI nahIM milA aisA lagatA hai| bIca bIca meM kavi ne pArtha cintA, pArtha uvAca, mAmeva uvAba, uttaro ukti, arthama raksi, bRhanmahAvAkya, vRhannar3A savAca, durgAcA pAya uttaravAkya, arjuna gitA Adi zIrSakoM ke antargata anTAktiyoM kA upadeza aura nIti pradhAna vAkyoM ke rUpa meM upadeza dekara kRti ke kaI mAmI varNana cAturva bhASA sAralya aura padalAlitya kA paricaya diyA hai| kRSi bIra bhAbi rasoM kA nivAsa hai| pAnDavoM kI vijaya hotI isI ImAnanda kavi ne Rti ko samApta kiyA hai| yaha kRti adyAvadhi

Page #685
645 upalabdha saba nirvedAta kRtiyoM meM apavAda hai| * virATa parva jana bhASA kAvya hai| iSTAnutau arthAntaranyAsoM, udAharaNa, anuprAsoM aura sundara rUpakoM ke dvArA kavi nai kati ko utkRSTa banAyA hai| chaMdoM ke rUpa meM isakI dena asAdhAraNa va anUThI hai| jana bhASA kAvya hone se kRti ke udAharaNa aneka tatkAlIna lekhakoM ne udvata kie hai aura kaI paMktiyoM meM isakI hAyA hai- kucha udAharaNa dRSTavya hai (1) mANikya caMdra ne apanI jhukarAja kathA meM isa uddharaNa ko diyA hai: isase virATa parva ko milAie: deva dAnava rAuta rAma deva mamali na ko sabarANau Daba nai dhari jala vahi haricanda bhIlaDI bharaNa lAghumukundai virATa parva : pAca pANDava ramyA ima drUpadI rahI thAIya dAsI deva dAnava na rAya na rAga deva Agali nakoi saparANau rAma lakSmaNa mahi pADayA, pAca pAMDava videsi bhamADayA ers gharijala afsd haracadiI, mAlaDi maraNa lAca mukuMdaI 15vIM zatAbdI ke zrRMgAra zataka meM dekhie: zrRMgArazataka! kamalane dali sItala sAtharau, kavi komala patrama pAtharaja ma kari sukaDi mUkaDi, dUkaDI, davitu peli na Delina bApaDI virATa parvaH sathama sUkaDi sahari sIcI pavaNa pUrihiM bIjaNI vIjIi kamalane dali sAdhara pAtharau, marar3a kIcaka mammatha Apharata 1- bhAratIya vidvayAH varSa 3 aMka 1, pR0 210-223 tathA jI0o0e0sI0 1840 4 2. rUpa suMdara kathA: DA0 pomIlAla jI sADesarA: bhUmikA bhAga pR0 7 kI pAdaTippaNI /

Page #686
646 vastutaH kauna eka dUsare se prabhAvita hai nizcita nahIM kahA jA sktaa| adidha rAsaH aNajASiuM phala kimaI ma kAra' virATa parva:- kimai na jApiTha phala naiva sAjai isa prakAra kRtimeM tatkAlIna, samakAlIna kaviyoM ke kAvya se sAmya spaSTa hai| doM ke rUpa meM isa kati ne nayA sthAna banAyA hai| yadyapi kavi ne isa racanA ko kavita kahA hai|prntu kavita taMda AjhyopAnta kahIM bhI prayukta nahIM hai| samavata: kabilta se usakA abhidhA meM artha kavitA se hI hai| bhavaH isa dRSTi se ise kavista rUma ke antargata lenA ThIka nahIM hai| gurjara rAsAvalI ke sampAdakoM ne ise isI kavitta mAma ke kAraNa kavitta kAvya sma meM sthAna diyA hai jo sambhavataH bahuta saMgata nahIM kahA jaasktaa| kavi ne racanA meM zuddha vArSika vRttoM kA prayoga kiyA hai| tribhuvana dIpaka prabandha kI bhAti isa kRti meM bhI vArSika saMda hai| kavi ne ina chaMdoM kA svamma anazAstrIya rakkhA hai inameM visI bhI prakAra kA pAtrA yA dezI do kA puTa nahIM hai|vstut: ina chado aurabhASA donoM dRSTiyoM se svA kA apanA sthAna hai| kucha zAstrIya bArSika chaMdoM ke uddharaNa dekhiraH- vilaMbita mAha pa asaMgama bhuvAi, kvaSa kAmini eha sabhI lar3a hiba haThita ma manmatha mAribA, ei jiuDaka aMga mArivA (20(1) (25),Adi (2) svAgatA bAda vAjata gaI kara mehi vAzya huna paDiu gati dehi e ikSita ka na pADava TAlI kUDa kApi bahama yaha hIvAlI (65) 1- mAraNIya biyAH varSa 1 . pU. 25 //

Page #687
647 (3) vasaMta tilakA vayarATa uttara pasaI kuru rAu pAu aghohiNI daLavaNI raja sUra chAyau nIsAga ne sahasi aMbara ghora gAjai 5 pAca pADava taNau kiri bheju bhAi (102 pR0 50 (4) upajAti e gaMdhakArI misi rUma vAsI, rahI ar3a uttamamAri nAsI kima ina jA piuM phala naiva sAjai, aNa jANatu aMgha bhavADi vAza (5) mAlikI. nirUpama kula bAlI, upanI citrasAlI avikula guNa vAlI kAma bhUpAla mallI kaha hui pura rANI mAnavI maIna jANI ahata hui cinArI vo itu hui gadhArI (25) isakesAtha hI kavi ne indravatrA (pAga 1 pada 3, bhAga 2 pada 5) tathA upendravajA (bhAga 1, chaMda , bhAga 2, maMda meM bhI prayukta kiyA hai| pUrI kRti kA pramukha chaMda svAgatA hai| sAtha hI kavi ne bIca bIca meM do kA mizrita samapI pravaktA kiyA hai jinameM rathodhatA, indravatrA, rathoDyatA-svAgatA, svAmatA rathoidhatA, itivilaMbita-svAgatA Adi ' isa kaMda ke zilpa tathA purAnI gujarAtI ke uccAraNa se ina bI ke sambandha para gurjara rAmAvatI ke saMpAdakoM meM paryApta - 1.4.0.8.OXVIII Page (8-00) the analysis of the mixed stanga 18symptomaticsathem.Poetryaaloinolined to useixed atan as of gyllable setres just as we find here in 00 Poetry. 2. Ibid. Another point which draws the attention th. Vaxation be tween the spelling and the exact prosedie prenanalation of words Th. wetreal for being e yllabie metre, the stanza is governed by the length, ahortness and number of theullables. The 12.1.0.

Page #688
648 prakAza DAlA hai| bhASA kI dRSTi se bhI prastuta racanA paryApta mahatvapUrNa hai| bhASA sarala hindI ke zuddha tatsama svarUpa prastuta karatI hai| kahanA na hogA kRti isa prakAra kAvya kauzala, chaMda tathA alaMkAra Adi sabhI rUpoM meM mahatvapUrNa hai| barita kAvyoM meM isakA sthAna paryApta mahatva kA hai|kRti kA sampAdita pATha upalabdha hai| spelling convention of 04. is not us exact as the skt. convention. Thus an OG. stanza, when spoken holds a different form which is is approximato symbol. Hence it would give us some 88 assment or morgue of how the written oG. word represented thespoken OG. words......xxx Thors are a few lines which show the prosodic contamination. This 13 due to a great gap that come into being between the actual ug song and the song transcribed. The transcription We always a 11ttle inexxct and had only & fragmatie Talne. The poem was meant for singing and that was the dominating idea. (0.0.S.OXVIIT-page9-11).

Page #689
649 : AdinAtha purANaH 88880000 yaha grantha aprakAzita hai tathA Amera bhaMDAra jayapura meM surakSita hai| prati paricaya isaprakAra hai- patra saM0 215 sAija hindI meM likhI hai|prti sAija 10 / 6 inca prati pRSTha para 13 pattiyAM hai aura pratyeka meM 3-1 akSara hai| prati Amera zAstra paDAra jayapura, vesTana ne0 93 / __ prastuta prati kI pratilipi rAjasthAna ke grAma maitavAlA meM pArzvanAtha ke upAzraya meM kI gii| prandhakAra brahma jinavAsa ne aura bhI kaI prasiddha grantha likhe hai| jinadAsa bhaTTAraka zrI savala kIrti ke praziSya ke praziSya tathA bhuvanakIrti ke ziSya the| prastuta kAvya, magavAna AdinAtha kA carita AkhyAna hai| kavi ne vizAla mama meM sArA carita varNana kiyA hai| vistAra meM purANa meM kavi ne AdinAtha ke jIvana carita ke pUrva bhavoM kA varNana kiyA hai| purANa meM AdinAtha ke pAca kalyApakoM kA vistAra meM varNana hai| AdinAtha ke donoM putra bharata aura bAhubalI ke carita para bhI kavi ne vistAra meM prakAza DAlA hai|aadi purANa meM prAraMbha meM hI kavine . zrIsarasvatI mAtAye namaH- aba bhAvipurANa rAsa likhyate-se racanA kArAsa nAma spaSTa hotA hai parantu rAsa kA zilpa nahIM hone aura pUrA kAvya hI carita mAlaka hone se, tathA kyA prAdhAnya ke kAraNa ise carita saMjJaka kAvyoM ke varmata hI sthAna diyA hai| prastuta racanA ke kastA vimambara hai ataH digambara aura zvetAmbara lekhakoM kI bhASA kA stara hATabya hai| kRti kA prArambha kavi ne maMgalAcaraNa se kiyA hai| kavi nevAdi jinezvara aura sarasvatI kI vaMdanA karaisa carita bAkhyAna kI racanA kI hai| 1- Amera zAstra maMDAra-patra - 115

Page #690
650 racanA paryApta bar3I hai tathA 215 patroM meM likhI gaI hai:vasta:- Adi jinezvara Adi jinezvara Adapisa sarasatI sAmI ne balIsAva ighi sAru mAga niramala, zrIsakalakIrti pAya praNamIne muni bhuvana kIrti guru vAhu soDajala, rAsakarI sIDU vaDo' tama parasAde sAra zrI Adi jiNaMta guNa varSaI cAritra joDa bhavatari kavi isa prakAra apane lie sarasvatI se sudhi mAgakara zrotAoM aura pAka zrAvakoM ko sAvadhAna karatA hai:mAsa jazodharabi bhaviyaNa pAve sugau Aja rAsa kaI manohAra Adi purANa joi karI kavitta kamamohAra bAla gopAla jima paDhe puNe jANe bAmade jina sAsama guNa nIramalA mizyAma te ch| kavine sthala sthala para saMsAra kI nazvaratA aura karma vipAka vimarza kiyA hai| anAdi aura lokAloka tathA saMsAra racanA varNana dekhie anAdI no dhanasAra, raciyo nahIM ma vicAra triloka tamo kaI huve bheda, jima kumati po hAye cheda bhAtokA kAra anaMta paradeva kevala mAna gocaranareza beDa madhyA ke kAvAsa sAvaraka ko guNavAsa " ukta uidharaNa meM no, Adi vipaksiyA jUnI gujarAtI kI hai| varmanoM meM kami ne vividha sthAnoM kI pati rakhI hai yA gahana bana ko hI sarala varSoM meM spaSTa yiA hai| ina sthAnoM se varNana meM pravAha A jAtA hai tathA pAkA sarala aura barasa bama bAcI sthAvatva ke kAraNa hI carita AsthAnoM 1.bhAmera zAstra bhaMDAra-patra.15 1. Amera zAstra maMDAra patra-bAdinAtha purANa, ptr4||

Page #691
kA pracAra prasAra bar3hatA hai: baiMDa sena rAjA balavaMta, dhana jogayo teNe balavaMta thana upare moha kIyo pora maratA ati dhyAna huvo thora ArtadhyAna parI karI jApa,ajagara sarpa huvo isa bANa bhaMDAra mAhi ati hI apAra, kopa kare te atIha vIsAra ' isa prakAra pUrva janmoM kA varNana karake pApakarmoM ke nirAkaraNa se kavi ne manuSyoM kI maha ittiyoM ko jAgrata kara unakA mukAva dharma kI aura banAye rakhane kA satata prayatna kyiA hai| badhA parivartama aura saparivartana kI sUcanA pradyumna carita kI hI bhAvi ihA chaMdoM meM dI hai udAharaNArthahA . e kyA hai| ihI rahI, avara suNI guNavaMta brahma jInadAsa Ima vIna,bhavIyaNa tumhe jayavaMta kavi ke varNana sarala aMtadhAbhoM se yukta hai|bhaassaa meM pravAha aura carita guNoM ke lekhana meM eka citrAtmakatA ke darzana hote hai| kyA tatva pAThakoM kI rUci ko kyA nAmaka kI ora khIMcatA hai| varSana kI citrAtmakatA atathAoM kA miThAsa bhAkA kI saralatA aura pravAha dekhie| pAsa rAsanI. vAnara nI kyA have kahA rAyasumo mujANato mAmA karma teNaM karayora mapratyAkhyAna isa jANato sudhana magara eka gApIbera, kuverabatta ber3A sA to pAyA subattA bAnI cha, ma so mAgano TIma do breDa meDU karane upano e, nAgabalsa putra jANato mAyA TIka bAta dhoe pUrva papo basAmato' 1. bahI, patra 21 2. vahI patra 4 / *bAdinAtha purANa- Amera zastra maMDAra. patra 59 //

Page #692
devIya pujhe mArIya vApi, kahI rANI tu mugApa pukhyottama kvapa saMsAra, he mAtA tumI kaho vicAra artha dharma sAdhyo jiNe kAma, te kor3avI mumati guNa prAma he pusbottama kahIe mAya ke kaho jima lAgu pAya' e cAre padAratha sAra, sAdhi sake ko puruSa mamAra prastuta racanA kavi ne munthara pUktiyAM aura subhASita likhe hai| mundara sundara nItiprada bAteM jo mAnava jIvana ke lie vizeSa upayogI hai tathA vividha AkhyAnoM se bIta prota nItimUlaka varNana kavi kI kAvya dakSatA ko prastuta karatA hai|dussprvRttiyoN kA prabhAva varNana bhI paryApta spRhaNIya bana par3A hai| mastiyoM kA varNana dohA boM meM dekhie: jidAna ghaTe raho mitima paramAnaMda vAsaM mane nipaje bAgho gharamA bathala deva paramAdIyA maMDarIkSya rakhA gumavaMta samaSTi karemilI ratnapuSTI jayavaMta mi sabada boharamamA madhokavanivAra malayAti maha ko hI purNadha atihi apAra - - mAsa rAsanI. kAlA sUTa dIra bIsa barasa nara jAto boya gaya bharIra kaura dhUma varSe dI kAya do bhavara pATana dhakA bema bAra para maMdira navi hogate mAge hI bAba bApa pAe, pavariti vima joyato mAya maya bIdhAra nahIM , pApa kare ni rAja ko mAvi motI mAvi parisI emavI pUma nabI kAro) sAnA rAbahIbArAmAdinAtha purANa patra pA

Page #693
653 isa prakAra ukta varNana meM eka citrAtmakatA tathA svAbhAvikatA hai kaliyugI varNana kI pAti kavi ne amayA dita kRtyoM kA pUrA resA citra prastuta kara diyA hai| kahIM kahIM nAriyoM kA varNana bhI kavi ne paryApta prabhAvazAlI kiyA hai| mArI ke pAsa kina utkRSTa mAsUmoM ko honA cAhie unakA kavi ne kramazaH varNana kiyA hai| kavi kI upamAeMva spaka ullekhanIya hai: dahA: sIla barIraha bhAbharaNa sobhe nArI aMga mukha maMDaNa cAso bayaNa, vi taMbolaha raMga parimala viNa phUla jima sasi vipI rayaNIjApa tima sIla viSu naranArI mohe nahIM isa bANa / isa prakAra kavi ne zIla kI mahimA spaSTa kI hai| vastutaH kavi ne isI prakAra kI nIti, upadeza, pUrvabhava varNana kyA karmavAda para prakAza DAlate hue AdinAtha kA carita citraNa kiyA hai| sthala para aneka antarvathAeM aura dRSTAnta kAvya ko lokapriya banAne meM sahAyaka hai| kavi kI bhASA sarala hai|ched vaividhya aneka rUpoM meM milatA hai jinamai, vastu, bhAsa dUhA, bhAsa caupaInI, bhAsa rAsanI, harA, bhAma naresuvAnI pAsa bInatI -isa prakAra zIrSakoM ke antargata kavi ne do aura bhAsoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| kavi ne prakRti vana, caribiyaka guNa varNana bharatezvara bAhubalI saMgharSa vardhana tathA AdinAtha haivalya taka kA varNana kyiA hai| isa prakAra kRti loka bhAkA kAvyoM kI eka mahatvapUrNa kar3I hai| bramajinadAsa 15vIM zatAbdI ke uttarAIdha va atima ataka meM Ate hai| bhASA eka dama sarata tathA bola cAla kI hindI hai| jinameM purAnI rAjasthAnI va gujarAtI ke zabdoM kA prabhAva hai| 1-AdinAthapurApapatra 200

Page #694
654 prastuta purANa meM paryApta vistAra hai| kAvya samApti para kavi kucha bharata vAkyoM kA cayana dohoM meM karatA hai: bahAne je kavar3A sabhA mIhi guNavaMta, rUci sahita je sAmale teha ne puzya mahaMta samakIta guNa upaje karama nIma valIsAra tatva padAratha jANIye jJAna upaje bhvtaar| isa prakAra AdinAtha kA yaha carita kAvya bhASA aura kAvyapravAha tathA kathA tatva kI dRSTi se apanA eka viziSTa sthAna rakhatI hai|

Page #695
W 1/2- vivAhalI kAvya : ********

Page #696
( vivAilokAvya) rAsa, phAgu aura anya kAvya rUpoM kI bhAti vivAhalo zaka racanAeM bhI milatI hai| vivAhalo yA vivAhalA, vaili tathA maMgala zabda vivAha sUcaka racanAoM ke lie sAmAnyataH prayukta hue milate hai| vivAha jIvana kA ullAsapUrNa parva hai| jaba ki manuSya apanI samasta prasannatA ko, Anandoko sAkAra bhaya meM eka hI sAtha saMjokara eka abhUtapUrva bhAnanda kA anubhava karatA hai|sNskRtik rUpa meM pI yaha parvabar3e hI Ananda aura maMgala kA pratIka hai| apanI mAMgalikatA ke phala svasya hI isa mahAna saMskAra ko vargIya viSaya banAne vAlI kRtiyAM maMgala nAma se abhihita kI gaI hai| sAmAnyataH vivAha eka utkRSya sAmAjika prathA hai jisameM vara aura vA apane vizeSa brahmacarya jIvana ko samApta kara gArhastha meM praveza karate hai| dono ke naye sambandha hote hai, naI AtmIyatA aura nayA sAja bhAra jIvana kA eka nayA pahalU lekara sAmane A jAte hai| vivAha ke lie vara aura badhU donoM pakSoM kI ora se huI taiyAriyAM, sAja sajjA aura nAriyoM ke mAgalika mAna, dhavala maMgala gIta sthA anya aneka prasaMga isa saMskAra kI pavitratA aura ullAsa yA mAnanda ke dyotaka hai| isa pavitra prasaga ko lekara ise apanA varya viSaya banAne vAlI jor3iyAM milatI hai unake 'vivAhalA, vivAhalo, dhavala, maMgala Adi aneka nAma milate hai| inameM dhavala aura maMgala kAvyoM kI paraMparA to bahuta bAda kI (17vI tAdI) kI milatI hai parantu vivAhalA saMkSaka racanAoM kI paraMparA paryApta prAcIna hai| vivAha kA prArampa tI mAnava jIvana ke Adi kAla se hI nizcita Iparantu isa nAma se likhI jAne vAlI kRtiyoM kI paramparA apabhraza se hI milane lagatI hai| bhAvikAta meM upalabdha vivAhalA saMjJaka racanAoM ke zilpa, vastu tathA anya pravRttiyoM kA milatI hai unakI mukhya saMvedanA meM eka vaicitrya hai jo bIvana ko anupama saMdeza detA hai| bAdhA yoM prakArAntara se vivAha ke varSana ho bhagama kapI gariha bAyobA yA gavyoM meM mila hI jAte hai| sAtha hI carita

Page #697
nAyaka kA vivAha prasaMga lagabhaga sabhI carita kAvyoM meM eka vizeSa tathA mahatvapUrNa aMza rahatA hai jo bahudhA anya racanAoM meM dekhane ko nahIM miltaa| sAmAnyataH pratyeka bhASA meM vivAha kA varNana karane vAlI aneka racanA upalabdha ho jAtI hai| prAdezika bhASAoM meM bhI isa sAhitya kA paryApta prajana ho cukA hai tathA ho rahA hai| baMgalA, marAThI, tAmila, telagU, Adhra, kannar3a Adi bhASAoM meM vivAha maMgala saMjJaka aneka racanAeM mila jAtI hai| vivAhalA sazaka racanAoM kI paraMparA apaza se hI milatI hai|vivaahlaa zandai yo prakArAntara se tatkAlIna upalabdha bArahamAsA sajJaka racanAoM se jur3e hue hai| apaya kI eka racanA jinaprabhasUri viracita aMtaraMga vivAha hai| yaha choTA sA vivAha kAvya eka anUThe vivAha kA prArambha karatA hai| yaha vivAha mAdhyAtmika rupapa hai| isa kAvya meM vasata rAma kA bhI nirdeza hai| ata: vivAha dhavala aura vivAhalA nAmaka racanAoM kA mUloimava apabhraMza kI aisI hI racanAoM meM nihita hai| yaha racanA 13vIM zatAbdI kI hai| isake pazcAt vivAha saMjJaka racanAoM kI paraMparA AdikAla kI hindI jaina kRtiyoM dvArA parivardidhata huI hai| ina vivAhaloM meM tIrthakaroM ke nAma para aneka vivAhale milate haiN| bahuta se vivAhale jainAcAryoM ke nAma para bhI upalabdha hote hai| prAdezika bhASAoM meM bhI 14vIM zatAbdI se vivAhale tyA maMgala saMkSaka racanAeM milatI hai| jinameM se. 1481 kA kRSNa vijaya kAvya bhAlAdhAra bA kA hai jisakI prasiddhi kRSNa-maMgala ke nAma se huI hai| isI prakAra manasA maMgala maMDImala -See preceddings and transactions of the all India Oriental Cent erence serventaenth session Ahamdabad October November 1953-Saetion XIV RajasthanHistory and culture *antargata zrI agaracaMda nAhaTA likhita vivAhalo aura maMgala kAvyoM kI paramparA bIrSaka 10 411-424 // 2. bhAratIya sAhitya anavarI 1956 pU. 4. maMgala kAvya zIrSaka lekha /

Page #698
657 zItalA maMgala Adi aneka racanAeM 18vIM zatAbdI taka milatI hai aura isI prakAra marAThI telagU Andhra, kammnar3a, gujarAtI Adi bhASAoM meM maMgala kAvya milate haiM parantu unakA prArambha 17vIM 18vIM zatAbdI hI hai| idhara prAcIna rAjasthAnI yA jUnI gujarAtI meM aneka racanAeM milI hai jinakI paraMparA bar3I lambI hai| ina racanAoM meM jaina aura jaitara donoM prakAra ke kAvya haiM jinakI saMkhyA 150 taka hai aura unameM se aneka jaisalamera grantha bhaMDAra pATana bhaMDAra, zrI abhakjaina pranthAlaya, bIkAnera meM surakSita hai| inakI bhASA purarAnI hindI ( purAnI rAjasthAnI yA jUnI gujarAtI hai) hai yaha kAvya paraMparA 20vIM aarbUdI taka surakSita milatI hai| gujarAta meM adhikatara vivAha kAvya hI likhe gae haiN| maMgala nahIM dhavala saMjJaka racanAeM 13vIM zatAbdI se prArambha hokara 17vIM taka upalabdha haiN| dhavala yA caula rUpa gujarAta kI hI dena hai| kucha dhavala nAmaka prAcIna racanAeM bhI milatI hai| vivAha ke avasara para mAMgalika gAna, tathA ullAsapUrNa gItoM ke lie yaha zabda prayukta hotA hai| maMgala kAvyoM kA prArambha 16vIM batAbdI se hI milatA hai| ye kAvya marAThI mAvi prAdezika bhASAoM meM khUba likhe gae jo 20vI zatAbdI taka upalabdha hotA hai| rAjasthAnI meM 16vIM zatAbdI ke bAda bhI zrI maMgala saMjJaka kAvya milate hai| jinakI sakhyA bahuta bar3I hai| ina kAvyoM kA viSaya vaiSNava dharma se sambandhita terest Adi tathA jainaitara anya sAmAjika spoM meM bhI milatA hai| isa prakAra maMgala aura ghavala saizaka jitanI bhI racanAeM milatI hai me bahata purAnI nahIM hai| jahAM ina racanAoM ke varya viSaya aura vizva kA prazna hai ye racanAeM ekadama beli yA fareer in racanAoM se milatI julatI hai| kAvya rUpa meM vaibhinya prastuta karane ke lie hI inakA nAma alama rakkhA gayA hai| 1- bhAratIya sAhityaH janavarI 1953 0 239-131/

Page #699
658 vivAhalo paramparA ke vikAsa meM apabhraMzitara kAla yA purAnI hindI kI kRtiyoM kA bhI bar3A hAtha hai| hindI jaina sAhitya meM isa rUpa meM milane vAlI jo racanAeM hai unakA prArambha 1thvIM zatAbdI se hI ho jAtA hai| maMgala zabda 17vIM zatAbdI ke pUrva vyavahRta nahIM huA / aduvAvadhi isa kAla meM jo vivAhalo saMjJaka racanAeM milI hai unameM do prakAra kI racanAeM milatI hai: 1- aitihAsika vivAile 2. rupaka kAvya rAjasthAna gujarAta meM vivAhalo kAvya adhika upalabdha hote hai / yo beli aura maMgala kI saMjJAoM se bhI kAvya ajana huA hai| 16vIM zatAbdI kI veli krisana saNI aura rUkamaNI maMgala Adi prasiddha hai| veli kAvyoM ke rUpa meM lagabhaga choTe choTe 15 kAvya upalabdha hue haiM, jo yadyapi kAvya kI dRSTi se mahatvapUrNa nahIM hai parantu saMkhyA kI dRSTi se mahatvapUrNa hai| lekina beli kAvyoM kA pratinidhitva karane vAlA sabase prAcIna aura mahatva pUrNa grantha vailikisana rukmaNI hai jo 16vIM zatAbdI se hI prArambha hotA hai| beli aura vivAhalo saMjJaka racanAoM kA zilpa, kathA kaTTiyoM kI varNana paddhati tathA kAvya rUpa donoM meM eka hI hai| veli racanAeM vivAhako se pahale kI nahIM miltii| AdikAla ke hindI jaina sAhitya kI vivAhalo sevaka racanAoM kA vilpa ukta do prakAroM ke AdhAra para hI varNita hai| eka meM mahApuruSoM yA tIrthakarI ke kriyAkalApoM ko etihAsika sUtroM meM bAMdhakara vivAha varNana kiyA gayA hai aura dUsare prakAra ke antargata rUpaka vivAhakA kAvya hai| ina vivAhoM ko bhI bA aura drabya do upavibhAgoM meM vargIkRta kiyA jA sakatA hai| rupaka vivAhale bahI maulikatA kI sRSTi karate haiN| inya vivAha kA sambandha laukika rUpa meM pati patnI kA varNana milatA hai aura mAya vivAda meM rUpaka bAMdhA jAtA hai| jaina samAja maiM dIkSA grahaNa karate samaya vAcAyoM kA vidhivata saMtrI se vivAha hotA hai|

Page #700
dIvA ko dIkSA kumArI taka kahA gayA hai| saMyamazrI yA dIkSAkumArI ke sAtha dIkSita hone vAle kA vidhivata vivAha hotA hai|aise vivAha AtmA kA AbhyaMtarika guNoM se sambandha spaSTa karate hai| apabhraMza kA jo ataraMga vivAha usameM aMtaraMga vivAha kA rupaka bAdhA gayA hai| AdhyAtmika vivAha kA hindI sAhitya meM bhI varNana milatA hai|ruupkaatmk vivAha paramparA meM kabIra kA dulahina banakara maMgalagAna karanA aura AdhyAtmikatA meM Daba kara priyatama se tana mana eka karane ko milane va zrRMgAra karane kA pada prasiddha hai| ata: kabIra ke aise upaka, mIrA ke sakhI rI maiM to puramuTa khelane jAtI jaise padoM va AdhyAtmika vivAhoM ke mala maiM apazake aMtaraMga vivAha jaisI hI racanAeM rahI hoNgii| AdikAlIna ina kAvyoM meM prAcIna rAjasthAnI yA prAcIna gujarAtI kI aisI hI eka sundara racanA jinezvara sUri saMyamatrI vivAha varNana rAma hai| bhAratIya sAhitya meM vivAhalo paraka racanAoM meM maMgala tathA zivataravatave Adarza ko spaSTa kiyA hai| isI pUta bhAvanA ko prazraya(sAhitya meM sthAna) inhIM 'vivAhalo dhavala yA maMgala saMkSaka racanAoM ivArA milA hai| maMgala bhAvanA se jIvana kA maMgala sUtra vivAha kI prerita hotA hai aura usa maMgala bhAvanA meM maMgalAcaraNa, nAvI azIvAda Adi prazastiyAM bhAratIya kAvyoM 1 milI hai| vivAhalo saMzaka racanAeM bhI ThIka isI prakAra kI hai| vivAha paraMparA para isa prakAra kI aneka racanAeM milatI hai| inameM AdhyAtmika vivAhakImADi Ananda milane lagatA hai| jo bhI ho, baDyAvadhi isa paraMparA meM jitanI zariyAM jaina kaviyoM dvArA viracita hue hai unameM se kucha pramukha racanAoM kA anuzIla bAge hoM meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai| dhavala zaka racanA mI zivoM kA varNana Age stotra stavana aura gIya zaka racanAmI ke adhyAya meM kiyA jaaygaa| vivAhalA saMjJaka racanAmoM kI paramparA aura kutiyA svatra grantha va rodha kA viSaya hai| yahA katipaya ralAoM kA hI paricaya diyA jA rahA hai|

Page #701
/ jinezvara mari vivAilo va rAsa : isa kRti ke racanAkAra somamUrti hai, aura isakA racanAkAla saM0 131 ke pazcAta hI lagatA hai| kavi ne isa vivAhalo kAvya kI racanA apane guru bhAI jinezvara sUri ke ziSya saMyama yA dIkSA varNana ke lie kI hai|sommuurti kA jIvana caritra, kavi evaM aitihAsika puruSa ke rUpa meM kaI sthaloM para vistAra se milatA hai| anya prandhoM meM bhI saMkSipta saMketa milate hai| prastuta racanA prakAzita hai| muni jina vijaya jI ne pahale ise apane aitihAsika grandha jaina aitihAsika gurjara kAvya saMcaya meM prakAzita kiyA aura isake pazcAta zrI agaracanda nAhaTA ne ise apane andha aitihAsika jaina kAvya saMgraha meM sthAna diyA hai| isakI eka prati zrI abhayajaina granthAlaya meM surakSita hai| kRSi kA aitihAsika dRSTi meM adhyayana ka se para bhI mahatva spaSTa ho jAtA hai| jaisA ki prastuta racanA ke nAma se hI bAta ho jAtA hai ki yaha dIvA ke samaya para racI huI jinezvara mari ke sambandha kI kRti hai ni mica da paDArI ke putra ne jisakA dIkSA kA nAma jinezvarasUri va bacapana kAnAma aMbaDa thA, vAtyAvasthA meM hI saMbadhI vivAha karane kA mAse nivedana kiyaa| mA ne tapasyA ke kaSTa samabhAye, para bAlaka aDiga rahA aura anta maicUmadhAma saMyamazrI se nAyaka kA vivAha sampanna huaa| bIcotsaba kI paMDArI ne sotsAha pUrA kiyaa| saMyamazrI ke vivAha kI paramparA Aja bhI mara dhita milatI hai| vItarAmI aura nispRha jaina muniyoM ke dIvA prAna karane para zrAvaka laya tAla nRtya krIDA rAsa Avi karate the| saMyamatrI se vivAha karane para zani kAma krodha mohAdi para vijaya 1. dekhie. ke aitihAsika purvara gavya saMcayaH zrInijinapiya 224-220 / 2.jaina yuga barSa 3 . 4! -devihAsika caina kAvyagrahazrI amara canda bhavaralAla nAhaTA0 1081

Page #702
prApta karate the| kyA vastu aura zilpa kI dRSTi se racanA meM maulikatA milatI hai|kRti kalAtmaka hai aura hoTI hote hue bhI apane meM rasapUrNa hai| vaiSNava sampradAya ke kisI kavi ne aMgAra aura zama kA isa prakAra samanvaya upasthita nahIM kiyaa| prArambha meM hI kavi bhakti se guru kA cintana karake pitA zrI nemicanda aura mAtA lakhimAdevI kA kalAtmaka paricaya detA hai: kaMta saNa kalA kaili bhAvAmu maharavANI abhiyaM bharatI rehae tastha bhaNDAriko punni mA caMda jima nai mirvado sayala jaNa nayaNa ASada amiya-ur3A spa lAvaNya sohAga caMda paNaipI lakhamiNI tAsu vaksapi pavara guNa gaNa rayaNa rAga rayANi padayAra kI alakAritA meM yamaka lika aura rUpakoM kA Ayojana ullekhanIya hai| bAlaka aMbaDa kA mA kA saMyamatrI se vivAha ke lie haTha tathA mA kA usako saMyama va tapa kI durdaratA aura usakI avasthA kI zavatA samAnA atyanta sarasa aura kAvyAtmaka bana par3A hai aura bAlaka kA saMyama kI kaThinAiyoM ko jAnate hue bhI punaH ir3hatA se uttara denA Adi sthala dRSTavya hai:aMbaMDa- iha saMsAra dui maMDAra vA i menhisu atihi asAra parapitu saMgama siiravara nArI mAi mAie mA maha piyArI mA kI ukti tuhu nabi jApar3a bAlA molA, hunata hoisara sarau hilA merughare vizu niya bhUya daMDiDi jalAhi taseu appaNi vAhata hiMDebau asidhAraha ubAri lohacapA cAvavA iNi pari mA tuha rahi ghara kahiyai hAmi, jaMtuhu bhAvada va tu mAmi kipi na mAvA vizu maMjama siri, mAi papai sa kari avara paSA huskaraha binA liyA kalikAla - 1- maitihAsika jaina kAvya saMgraha zrI amarakanda maMvaralAla nATA pU. 377 //

Page #703
aura bArAta car3ha calI, logoM ne AdhyAtmika saMyamadevI ko shrRNgaaraa| gIta aura dadharAve hone lge| bhASA kI saralatA pravAha abda cayana aura anuprAsAtmaka chaTA ke katipaya udAharaNa smRtavya hai:(1) Avahi Avahi raMgamAri paMca mahavvaya rAya, gAyahi gAyahi mahussara aThThaya pavayava maay| (2) kumara callita kumara calliDa gasya viddi| (3) kusalihi mahi jAna utta paDutiu kheu mnmri| (4) aha sayala nApa samaddha avagAie vIra pramu gaNi (niya) guru pasAye (5) nANa caraNa dasaNa jubai keli vilAsu pahA ___ sAu rAu sobantiyai jinezvarasUri jagi mAtra isa prakAra nAyaka nirveda kA upabhoktA bana jAtA hai| ramA dohA, caupAI vastu, aura mUlanA do meM likhI gaI hai|vstu hada to pUrva paricita chada hai para bhUlagA jaina sAhitya meM kabhI kabhI hI prayukta hotA hai| mUlagA ke pratyeka caraNa meM 37 mAtrAeM hotI hai tathA 20, 17 para yati hotI hai| vastu chaMda rAsa racanAoM meM adhikatara isase pUrva bhI prayukta huA hai| kyA kA vibhAjana dhattA meM huA hai| alaMkAroM kI dRSTi se eka naI bAta isaracanA meM yaha hai ki saMmapadAna meM pratyAnuprasA nahIM hai isakA prayoga sambhavataH Age jAkara hI huA hai| rAsa kI bhASA sarala, kAvyamayatA tathA jana bhASA ke guNoM se yukta hai| sunijinavijayaNI likhate hai ki isa dhArmika vivAha kI manohara kRti kI rakA carita nAyaka sUri ke ziSya zrI somamUrti gANi ne unake nirmANa ke pazcAta kI hai| yaha 14vIM zatAbdI ke prArambha kI bhASA kA sampUrNa citra upasthita karatI hai| bharatazvara bAbAlI rAmAzAti sampAdita saMskaraNa zrI lAlacaMda bagabAnI yukta chandA 10 dekhizAsaka vaina pUrvara kAma saMcayaH muni jinavijaya- pR0 115 //

Page #704
663 kavi kI yaha racanA vivAhale ke antargata AtI hai| vivAhale zIrSaka se hindI jaina sAhitya meM AdikAlIna aneka sthAeM milatI hai| kavi ne yaha rAsa ramaNa aura krIDA ke lie likhA hai| revatagiri rAsa kI bhAti anta meM somamUrti ne apanA maMtavya spaSTa kiyA hai| eha vivAhalA le paDhahi diyahi khelAbeliya raMga pari tAha jiNesara sUri supasanna ima pagai mAvi gaghi somamunI isa prakAra jinezvara sUri kA parita varNana isa kRti meM rAsa rUpa meM varNita kiyA gayA hai| khanA choTI aura sarasa hai aura pravRttiyoM kI dRSTi se apane hI prakAra kI hai| me

Page #705
664 : jinodayamUri vivAhalAH' vivAhalo saMjJaka racanAoM kI paramparA ke pazcAt prApta pratiyo meM se kucha vivAhalo kA paricaya nA bhI Avazyaka hai / yo anya kAvya rupakoM ke sa meM varSita kurA vivAhaloM ke zilpa kA vivecana prastuta karane vAlI kucha racanAoM para pahale prakAza DAlA jA cukA hai jinameM maiM0 1331 kA somamUrti dvArA viracita jinezvara sUri vivAha varNana rAsa tathA saM0 1390 kI sAramUrti kI prasiddha racanA jinodayasUri paTTA bhikeka rAsa hai|' rAsa racanAoM kA vizleSaNa prastuta karate hue usa adhyAya meM hamane ina racanAoM para vicAra kiyaa| sAtha hI vivAhotsava maiM gAI gAne vAlI racanAoM meM gIta yA dhavala maMgala saMjJaka racanAoM para bhI Ame prakAza DAlA jaaygaa| ina khanAoM meM 13vIM zatAbdI ke bAharavaNa aura matra dvArA viracita jinapati sUri ghAla gIta hai| ye sabhI racanAeM prakAzita hai| vivAilo meM paTTAbhiSeka rAsa yA dIkSA vivAha varNana rAsa Adi saMjaka kRtiyAM bhI A jAtI hai kyoMki inameM pI kavi laukika alaukika rUpa meM bahudhA unhIM kriyA kalApoM para prakAza DAlatA hai jo vivAhalo saMjJakaracanAoM meM hotA hai AdhyAtmika vivAha ke rUpakAtmaka citra inameM prastuta kie jAne hai| eka kRtiyoM meM mAra vijaya ke dRzya tathA isake uparAnta nAyaka kA saMyama kumArI se vidhivata pA vigrahaNa Adi varNanoM ke citra prastuta kie gae hai| aise kAvyo meM kAvya kI dRSTi se bhI vizeSa nikhAra A gayA hai, udAharaNArtha kA zaka racanAoM ke adhyAya meM devaratna mUri ga isI prakAra kI rakhanA hai| ukta racanAoM ke zilpa meM tathA bivAhalo - - meme 1. dekhie aitihAsika jaima kAvya saMgraha 0 390-vArA zrI Aracanda paMvaralAla naattaa| bahI thapa. .. //

Page #706
665 saMjJaka racanAoM ke zilpa meM bahuta adhika sAmya hai parantu kevala nAma meM antara hai bahuta sambhava hai ki kaviyoM ne vividhatA prastuta karane ke liejathavA ina AdhyAtmika vivAhoM ko rAsa kA rUpa dene yA gIta kA rUpa dene aura adhika vyApaka banAne keuddezya se bhI anya kAvya rUpoM kI saMjJA se abhihita kiyA ho| jo bhI ho, isa sambandha meM sthiti saMdigdha nahIM hai| vivAhalo saMzaka racanAoM ke nAma se abhihita kI jAne vAlI kRtiyoM meM jinodayasUri vivAhalA eka mahatvapUrNa racanA hai| kRti kA racanAkAla saM0 1432 hai aura racanAkAra merunandana / racanA jinodaya sUri ke dIkSA-vivAha janya-sAdhanA ko lekara likhI gaI hai| jaisA ki usake nAma se hI spaSTa hai| yaha racanA prakAzita hai| jinodaya sUri kA pUrva nAma somapratha thA / pAlanapura meM jinakula sUri jaise jainAcArya ke Agamana para bAlaka somaprabha yA samarA ne apanI mAM kI goda meM baiThe muni jI se dIkSA kumArI se vivAha karane kI prArthanA kii| mI ne bahuta samajhAyA, saMyama pAlana kI duSkaratA aura usakI ladhyAvasthA batAI, para bAlaka na mAnA aura anta meM usakA AdhyAtmika vivAha ravA diyA gyaa| utsava hue logoM ne jaya jayakAra kiyaa| yAcaka loga maMgalagAna karane lage, vajima bajane lage aneka sundara rarAsa hue dubhASiNI jinIbaya sUri kA dIkSA kumArI ke saMkSepa meM skA kI yahI kathA vastu hai| vivAhaloM ke prArambha meM hI kavi apane racanA uddezya kA paricaya detA hai sayala maNa vaMchiya kAma kumbhovanaM pAsa paya kamalu paNameva matti / gurU diyara karie bIvAla sahiya umAila mujya citti // afa bAlaka somanabha ke zaizava kA varNana bar3I kuzalatA se karatA hai| bhASA zailI kulaganAoM ne maMgala gIta gAe aura isa prakAra sAtha pANigrahaNa utsava vidhivat sampanna huaa| * 1- dekhie aitihAsika jaina kAvya saMgraha pR0 390 2- vahI, pR0 390 /

Page #707
666 AlaMkArika aura prAsAdika hai| eka udAharaNa dekhie: samarigo pabhara jima ramai niya sayaNa maNi, kamalavaNi diNi rayaNivahu payAra lAye loyama dale abhira varasaMtau valae avadha jima bIya cando nica nava naba kalA gharai guNa nimmalA laliya lAvanna lohagUga kNdo| mA ke vAtsalya bhare Agraha, bAla haTha, dIyA kumArI kI alaukika spa lAvaNya aura dIkSA kI titikSA mA di saba ke bar3e sundara citra kavi ne urI hai| mA bAra bAra apane priya vatsa ko sundara rAjakumArI se vivAha karAne kA lAlana kI hai aura pAcoM prakAra ke bhoga bhogane ke lie kahatI hai| kavi ne inhoM varNanoM ko vividha uksiyoM se zrRMkhalAbaddha kyiA hai| mAi bhaNai nimupi baccha bholima ghaNo, ta navi jApae tAsa sAra kapi na rIjae, mohina mIjae, lehilI jalavIjai apAra / / lobhi na rAcae mabapi na mAcae, kAcae citti sA privr| avaranAri avaloyaNi rUsae, ApaNa paI sayi sasta br|| hasiya bhanerIya bAta viparIta, tAsu laNI chaMda thaNI sancha / ma kala kamala bala komala ighi, bAtha manAra lisitm| sapi anoparma uttama vaMza, paramAvisa vara mAri / / nava naba gihi paMca payAra, mogivi moga karatA kumAra mAdhyAtmika vivAha kA citrAtmaka varNana kavi ke bhASA-kauzala vApI kI vidhatA,pada lAlitya, artha gaurava aura vicchitti ke sAtha sAtha AdhyAtmika rakha kI puSTi karatA hai| nimnAkti uddharaNa kabIra ke ilhina gAkara maMgalAcAra aura mIrA ke samirI meM to giradhara ke raMgarAtI ---- paMcaraMga bolA pahana sahI meM pramuTa khelana jAbI, guTa meM merA piyA milegaa| sola aDavara gAtI ase padoM meM visa AdhyAtmika Ananda kA rahasya chipA hai vaisA hI madhura rasa jinovyasUri vivAhakoM ke mAvi udavaraNa meM nimpanna huA hai| dIkSAmArI kA

Page #708
667 saundarya varNana, dUlhA kA pANigrahaNa karane kA utsAha barAta kI sAja sajjA Adi sabhI citra dRSTavya : mailiya sAjaNa cAlas niyapure, dhavala dhurandhara jotriya rahavare / cAla cAlu rahana sahI vegahiM sAmahi, dhArala nandaNavara pariNaya mahi / / ima pamaNatiya sulaliya sundarI, gAyaI mahura sari gIyaha risa mari krami krami jAna pahutiya suhadiSi, pIpapalI pare gura hara siu maNi aDA siri vIra jinidaMha maMdari, maMDiya vehali nadivA sari tarala turaMgami vaDiyau lADaNu, mAgaNa baMchiya dAsa viyai dhanu Aviu jinahari varu mana haravau, dIsa kumAriya sarva rUtha levau / (pada 23-26) pUrI racanA ghAta ( pattA) mAsa meM vibhakta kara dI gaI hai| kavi ne vastu chedakA kaIbAra prayoga kiyA hai| racanA kI bhASA alaMkArika vAkya choTe aura sArapUrNa hai| zabdAvalI komala hai|jn mAyA kAvya hone se racanA meM miThAsa kA samanvaya honA svAbhAvika hai| saMgha varNana, dIkSA samAroha, saMyamatrI vivAha aura saMsAra tyAga isa prakAra kI racanAoM ke viSaya rahe hai| kavi kI alaMkArika zailI tathA paddhati ullemI hai: thAta: after mumjara after gujara dena visA jahi pallava nagaro krUhi jaima nara syaNimaMDija ais nivasas sADu-varo svapATha guNa gaNi gaDira taha maMdira pArala umare udyama sukumAraka areer so samara jina vadudhai rUpa apAra (8) racanA kI upayogitA kAvya baMdha kI dRSTi se spaSTa hotI hai| chaMdoM ke prayoga kA vaijJAnika vargIkaraNa isa prakAra kiyA jA sakatA hai: pada se taka mUlayA checa kula yAtrA 37 (budha) 112331934 aura 40 mAtra ke antargata varNita vastu rUMda |

Page #709
9 se 20 taka mUlaNA chaMda / 24 se 28 taka - pAdAkula 16 mAtrAoM kaa| 668 30 se 44- budha 37 mAtrAoM kA phUlanA chaMda varNita hai| isa prakAra bhUkhaNA chaMda kA prayoga avedeva sUri ne apanI prasiddha racanA samarA rAsu maiM bhI kiyA hai| gujarAtI bhASA meM 15vIM batAbdI ke uttarAdha meM narasI mehatA ne bhI isa cheda kA varNana kiyA hai| bharata ke jinapati sUridhavala gIta meM bhI yaha chaMdafilatA hai| nandana ke isa chaMda kA eka udAharaNa dekhie: asthi gujjara gharA sundarI sundare, ukhare rayaNa hAro vamArga lacchi keli haraM naya palhamapura, surapura jema sidhAmikA (3) -- --- * mAI paNai niNi vachamolima ghaNI va navi jAnatha tAsu sAra kapi na e moDina bhIjaya dohili jAla bIjai apAra lobhina rAjae mayami na mAcara, kAcara citti sA pariharapa avara nArI avaloaNI stara, ApaNa paI saryi satavara (14-15) --- kari guNa saMciyaM kaTari iMvijaya, kaTari saMvega nibveya raMga bApu desama kalA bApu mai nimbalA, bApu ThIlA kasAyAma maMga dee ve guNa gavaM jaima vArAya, kaviu kmi sakkarDa eka jIDa pAka na pAvara sArakhA devayA, sahasa puDinagara jA ratti bIDa(391 bhASA kI dRSTi se racanA meM madhyakAlIna rAjasthAnI kI pravRtti spaSTa hai| sAtha DI uttara kAlIna sthiti parilakSita hotI hai| aitihAsika dRSTi se bhI yaha racanA mahatvapUrNa hai| kula cavAlIsa baMdoM meM likhI 1- prAcIna gurjara kAvya saMgraha- pR0 14 / 200 kAvya saMgraha 0 809 /

Page #710
huI isa racanA meM kavi ne bhImapallIpura, gUjara, sidhU mevAr3a Adi pramukha pradezoM aura jinodayasUri, jinacanda sUri, satapAla, pAlanapura Adi aitihAsika sthAnoM aura vyaktiyoM kA varNana kiyA hai| samAjika iSTi se racanA meM tatkAlIna vivAhoM kA varNana, bArata usakI sAja sajjA vUlhA bhAdi kI sajA, tatkAlIna sAmAjika prathAeM utsavoM meM paryApta arthavyaya karanA, dhArmika pravRtti, hAtha ghoDe sainya Adi sabhI kA varNana mila jAtA hai| racanA ke anta meM kavi ke rUpa meM kRti kI mukhya saMvedanA isa prakAra spaSTa karatA hai:. pahuguru rAma vIvAhalA je par3hai, je muNai je cuNai je diyati / umaya loge vilahaI bhaNa bAchiyAmerunaMdana gaNi ima bhnnti|| isa prakAra racanA paryApta sarala aura tatkAlIna jana bhASA kAvya kA pratinidhatva karatI hai| prastuta kRti kA ukta yo mahatva spaSTa ho jAtA hai|

Page #711
670 neminAtha free F 15vIM zatAbdI ke uttarAdha meM vivAhaloM saMjJaka racanAoM meM kavi jayasAgara dvArA likhita eka racanA neminAtha vivAhalata milatI hai| prastuta racanA aprakAzita hai tathA abhayajaina granthAlaya bIkAnera meM saMgRhIta hai / jayasAgara 15vIM zatAbdI ke uttarAdha maiM bar3e prasiddha jaina kavi hue hai jinhoMne vividha viSayaka aneka kAvya rUpoM meM racanAe kI hai| prastuta vivAhale meM kavi ne neminAtha aura rAjula ke pANigrahaNa vichoha kA varNana kiyA hai| prArambha meM kavi neminAtha ke vaMza parivAra kA vistAra meM paricaya detA hai| racanA kI bhASA sarala tathA pravAhapUrNa hai| pUrI racanA 26 chaMdoM meM pUrI huI hai| kaviveli yA vivAhalo kI maMgala sUcaka paramparA kA paricaya prArambha meM hI de detA hai: jAdava kula sira tilAe, gaMgAjala niramala guNa nilAra loyaNa amiya nivesUra va gAinu nemi jinesUe soriya puri ra siri samudra vijaya naranADUe zivA devI vasu vara dharaNa ghara maMDaNi mANa ThapaNa hariNi (1-2) pa varNana, after varNana Adi kavi ne sAdhAraNa hI kie haiN| racanA meM kAvyAtmakatA . adhika nahIM hai parantu pAkA atyanta sarala hai tathA zabda cayana mAdhurya pUrNa hai| kucha udAharaNa paThava dekhe jA sakate hai: neminAtha kA rUpa varSana nemi nAma abhirAmU e, so bAdhai ku~vara ki kAmU e ma mAmatiri variya, krami yauvana vaya vani saMcari dhavala va bahupare, muDi lATa bolai buhira sare hari kari sAmari jo vasiya jami soi sohasiya raMga raMga rati bAgala ra bala budvidha kalA jala vADhalau pa mugamaNa maNi maMDhA e gaMbhIrima dhIrima dhAru e (4-6)

Page #712
671 dUlhA tathA bArAta kI sajA kA varNana - hiva cAdava savigaha mahiyA , gusyai risi dhasamasi sAmahIyAe guDiyA gayavara ati dhapAe, guNa gAyai yaNa jiNa taNAra tivala dUra taDayADi e pagi pagi paTa nATaka pATaDie vara siMgArita radhi cADiue, paraNevA uchavi ati car3haya isI mAti rAjala ke aMgAra varNana meM kavi kA mana paryApta ramA hai| sarala bhASA meM kavi ne rAjula ke saundarya kA varNana kiyA hai| gAra ke kor3a meM kavi dhIre dhIra zAnta rasa kA paripAka karatA hai| virakta neminAtha pazuoM kI kAzya ghaTanA se prabhAvita ho cale jAte hai bhASA kI saralatA aura pravAha suSamA rAjula ke vilApa meM sajala ho uThatI hai| kucha paktiyA dekhie: eDa nehi rasi rAjalae, navi mAJcaI rAbai sAvilae aMsa prati mana rIjUe, isa jANe sarivI jU ra tahabihU so duha mani vasaie, basa nAma suNIvana ulhasaie jIhA tamu pUNi guNi ramapa, javaLa iki mAniya bhUddhimae sahiya tivAriya bolatie, jama sagala banamaya dekhaniya nemi dhyAni nizcala Diyara, rAjImati kara diya dina ralie ahasAvama siya chaTTi jie so deva dayAtya brata liyara Aja amAvadhi vijaya kara kevala varadekhaNa nAmaghara (18-2 - jina caMba sari vIvADA - jaisalamera durga ke bAr3apatrIya paMDAra se yaha prati milI hai| racanA aprakAzita hai| isake racayitA ani salamAna hai| racanA kA madhyapatra aTita hai| pUrI racanA 5 chaMdoM meM samApta huI hai| kavi ne racanA kA vibhAjana mAsa aura basna saMjaka zabdoM kiyA hai| prArambha aura da nahIM milte| prati 15vIM satAbdI ke uttarAIca kI hI lagatI hai| kavi kA samaya hai| dedhiH hAipanIya maMDAra jaisalamera durga, patrAka 344-45-4 /

Page #713
672 prastuta vivAha kI kathA vastu saMyamatrI sevivAha karane kI hI hai jisameM vizAla saMgha nikAlane kA varNana milatA hai| saMgha sajjA aura logoM kA utsAda munijanacandrasUri ke saMyamakumArI pariSada kA citra prastuta karate haiN| bhASA zabda cayana sarala tathA pravAhapUrNa hai saMgha sajjA kA varNana kI alaMkArikatA dekhie: kami kami ca viha saMcaTa hallakallolahi jaMtu bahuta saMvas ahiM nayari kusumA vihatu jima jima kelhara maMti vahiM perAI saMdhu bhavAr3a tima tima vAtha tAlu maSi jAtra haresi uccA --- arts offs saMghataDi, loya milati apAra bAjasbAjas Dhola anubaMdha samada savicAra dIes dIsara pAi jana, raDavara hayavara thATa kares kIus as framaNa avaha bar3hAvaha bATa racanA zailI pUrNa AlaMkArika hai| bacce ko mA saMyamatrI kI durnivAratA tathA kaSTa pUrNa sthiti aura usakI komalatA kA parijJAna karAtI hai vija pani pAsa gaMtUna pamanei avara vayava kso moli mAra mAi vaya mahaNu kaMTha emaniya naMdane ani pavi japera mAyA bharata tuGa muMha kamala vatsa utsaMga vaiti bali kI tuha koyamArNa aaNa sahA moliyA vAsa bholakara vayana iDu phima kahe si mamaNi tuha jima bahUDara basa hosi taM bramha kula ramaNu dIvo fle jamaNi vaya svar3A nipi vatsa detu vivikA karja tuhaphalAI jeast anudAsa vidAga dezsu lADavaM vivis khUba DAI sIta soma lAvagtha guma mAliyA, caMda muDI mRga loyaNIya magara moDiya svabara vAliyA paramAvi taha raMga bhare baMda feeds for ana kampUri kiu ahava amiyeNa kiu jamaNimaNu ary kiri jaina sA molAvai bahupare viviha vayamehi aya komale / hiM(13-18

Page #714
673 isa prakAra racanAkAra ne bhAsa aura vastu maiM kAvya ko vibhakta karake punara vivAha kI kyA vastu likhI hai| racanA kI bhASA sarasa hai| kavi ne vastu kA prayoga kiyA hai|kaavyaatmk pravAha pASA-janya-saralatA aura mAlakAritA meracanA kA mahatva spaSTa ho jAtA hai| kyA zilpa kI dRSTi se racanA sAdhAraNa hai| zilpa vahI prAcIna hI hai|vrnnn paddhati sarala aura preNIya hai| : sumatisAdhasari vIvAhallo': yaha racanA kavi lAvaNya samaya ivArA viracita hai|rcnaa meM kavi ne pI racanA samaya tathA sthala kA ullekha nahIM kiyA hai| parantu isakI bhASA aura kAvya ko dekhate hue aisA lagatA hai ki yaha racanA 15vIM batAidI ke uttarAI kI hai| mumatisAca dUri kI yaha racanA bhI pUrva ullekhita racanAoM kI bhAti vivAhalA zilpa kI hai tathA kavi ne isakA vArma viSaya - eka bAlaka kA vairAgya zrI kI ora AkarSita hokara saMyamatrI ke sAtha pANigrahaNa hI rakhA hai| kavi ne racanA kA prArambha eka anUThe svapna meM kiyA hai| jisakA vaha saMketa karatA hai| racanA meM mevAr3a ke gAvara nagara ke gajapatizA tathA usakI strI saMpUrI devI kA varNana hai| prArambha meM hI kavi ne zAha kI patnI ko Aye hue svapna kA varNana kiyA hai: kahiya apana khoDAmA jAgIra bImAdhi nAre vA Ini gAiDa kIjA niramaLa gAvare kavi ne svapna Ane kA bAtparyaputra honA spaSTa kiyA aura Ame putra janma ke vAtsalya kA dara varNana kiyA hai| 5 varSakA bAlaka adhyayanazAlA meM preSita 1- aitihAsika rAsa saMgrahaH bhAga 1 saMzodhaka niyadharma mUri (1920)

Page #715
674 kara diyA gayA vahI usaneratnasara mUri cainAcArya kA darzana kiyA aura unake nitya prati ke upadeze ke prabhAva se bAlaka ke hRdaya meM dIkSA lene kA bhAva jAgrata huA aura bAra bAra usane dIkSA kanyA bhaIvarI e kI raTa lagA dii| __ bAlaka vijayI humA aneka sthAnoM se Aye vividha saMghoM ne usakA svAgata samAroha kiyaa| nAriyoM ke rAsagAna, aneka bAyoM sahita hue sathA mAMgalika utsava sampanna kie gae kavi ke kAvya kA eka udAharaNa dekhie / kavi ne dIpA mahotsava kA eTAdAra varNana kiyA hai|maakaakii sarasatA tathA pravAhAtmakatA dekhie| naparAvara parimisii e, parisiha saMyama nArina caurI guDara vADiyA e, takiyA toraNa caMga tu pAhAjana mahU jImADIi e maMdira moTau jaMga tu kuMvara hiba sigAriie massaka marada pava gAhe bahirasA e, dIsa aDalara rUpa kaDi navaraMga pachevaDau e, oDhaNi Aza bIra vaM tatkAlIna sAmAjika prathAoM, vaivAhika mAgalika utsavo, tathA saMyamatrI ke varaNa meM bAlaka kA utsAha citrAtmaka rUma meM dikhAI par3atA hai| bhASA kI saralatA aura padoM kA cayana pravAhapUrNa hai| udharama dekhie| sAra turaMgama Abhiu e, baDita bAvana bIra kAmini muli maMgala bhagai ra bhaTTa bhagA bAbata sUNa utArA bahinaDI e, ra avi jAmada hu vara posAlai mAkie,iriya mayA savi iri zrI ralavara hari diyA 3, mAha manoratha puuri| kavi kA varNana yAsaMkArika hai| vividha bAlaMkArika varNanoM meM kavi kI yamaka kI chaTA bhISTavya vArasa mA homA:

Page #716
675 nava nakhiya vANihi, mati vinamiDiM Diyara hariSa ghaNaudharI maI eka cittihi karIba pratihi aMgi Alasa paDiharI jA sAta sAyara vara divAyara gayaNi rohiNI caMda tI e anupama, sugura sarisau jayau jagi vIvAila varNana kI anuprAsikatA spaSTa hai| racanA AlaMkArika tathA gaiya hai| bhASA sarala hai| racanA nirvedAnta hai| isI prakAra kI pravRttiyoM vAlI aura bhI racanAeM upalabdha hotI hai, jinameM AdhyAtmika vivAhaloM kA saphala varNana milatA hai| kAvya kI dRSTi se mI vivAhalo saMjJaka racanAeMmahatvapUrNa hai|

Page #717
pavAr3A kAvya

Page #718
676 pavAr3A kAvya pavAr3oM kI paramparA kA itihAsa paryApta prAcIna lagatA hai| prAcIna racanAoM meM jisa prakAra rAsa phAgu, caupaI maMdhi pabandha saMjaka racanAeM milatI hai, unameM pavAr3I bhI vaisA hI eka kAvya prakAra hai| yo pavADo caritamUlaka kAvyo lie hI prayukta hotA hai parantu Age calakara isameM prazastiyoM, prabandha kAvyoM, vIroM ke parAma tathA kauzala sUcaka viSayoM kA bhI samAveza ho gyaa| pavAr3o kI paramparA kA udbhava AdikAla hI hai|yoN saMskRta, prAkRta aura apabhraMza meM caritabhUlaka kAvya to aneka milate hai parantu pavAr3A nAma se svataMtra rUpa meM koI racanA nahIM miltii| pavAr3A saMzaka eka sabase prAcIna racanA saM0 1427 kI eka jainatara kavi asAita kI mAnI gaI hai| isI prakAra kI eka racanA sadaya batsa carita milatI hai jo pavAr3o to nahIM hai parantu caritamUlaka racanA hai para isa racanA kA bhI pavAr3I kI paramparA meM vizeSayoga nhii| vastutaH ina donoM kRtiyoM ke kAla hI gaika se nirdhArita nahIM ho pAye hai| aisI sthiti meM saM0 1485 meM racita jaina kavi hIrAnaMdasUra ivArA viracita racanA vidyA vilAsa pavADo hI isa paramparA kI prArambhika racanA kahI jA sakatI hai yosa0 1453 meM viracita haricanda purANakyA ke prArambha meM do bAra pavaDo vRddha kA ullekha milatA hai| parantu yahI saba kArya prakaTa bhI hotA hai yA aise hI koIaura naI mI vimA pA sakatA hai| payaDo sada pavADo ke eka dama nikaTa nahIM lagatA hai| isI prakAra kA de pradha, vasI kA rAba, apanI maMgala Adi meM bhI pavADo aba milatA hai parantu inase paMvADo maka racanAoM kI paramparA ke vikAsa meM koI yoga mahIM miltaa| - - -bApamA kyioH zrI kA zAstrI 2.kalpanAbasta akbara 195. .. 1 (adhikiAra kara mAra (4) saddha harabaMda bavaDo sNsaar|

Page #719
677 15vIM zatAidI se hindI meM pavADo kI paramparA meM sarva prathama racanA viDyA vilAsa pavADo hI hai yadyapi 15vIM zatAbdI meM adhika saMkhyA vAlI racanAeM isa kAla meM nahIM milatIM, parantu isase paravartI kAla meM isa paramparA meM pavADo saMjJaka aneka racanAeM milatI hai| 16vIM zatAbdI meM jaina kavi jJAnacanda dvArA racita baMkyUla pavADo hai, jisakI racanA saM0 1565 meM kAThiyAvAr3a meM huii| ___10vIM utAbdI meM rAjasthAnI meM likha pAbUjI ke pavADe prasiddha hai|10viiN zatAbdI meM pavAr3I kI paramparA meM asAdhAraNa saMkhyA meM yoga dene vAlA marAThI sAhitya hai, jisameM zivAjI ke samaya meM hI anekoM pavAr3e likhe gae jinakI saMkhyA lagabhaga 10. hai| inameM adhikAra geya vIra kAvya hai| zivAkAla se sAhU kAla taka ke sAta pezavA kAla ke 15. aura bAkI 140. I. ke bAda milate haiM, jinameM ajJAna dAsa kA aphajalasA bagha, aura tulasIdAsa kA tAnAjI mAlacare kA pavAr3A, bahuta prasiddha hai| vastutaH marAThI bhASA meM bhI zivAjI ke pahale pavAr3e pApta nahIM th| isa prakAra prAcIna rAjasthAnI yA jUnI gujarAtI se pArambha kara yaha paramparA sampanna rUpa meM surakSita milatI hai| pavADo ke svarUpa kI rakSA davatAoM kI stuti prazasti ke rUpa meM rigaveda se hI prArambha ho jAtI hai parantu paravI pranthoM meM pavAr3A kisI viSaya vizeSa ke rUma meM nahIM the| basa yaha spaSTa ki pavADo kI paramparA atyanta prAcIna hai aura usake pUrva vikyoM meM bhI aneka soM meM parivartana parilakSita hotA hai| - 1- kalpanA amareza akTUbara 1950-yAna apahaSipara bAIpalyADau paracaMda rAvisa kapani parisara "vikata babAla divyAdhivi devavyAvara kabdha pathama * 1. marAThI aura mA sAhitya pramAla nAca * 5. rAjakamala prakAzana dillI * kalpanA varSa 9para pavAThoM kIprAcIna paramparA zIrSaka lekha zrI

Page #720
678 pavADoM saMjJaka racanAoM kI paramparA para vicAra karane ke bAda pavAr3A zabda ke artha usake pracalita prayoga aura usake udbhava kI saMbhAvanA para bhI vicAra kara lenA caahie| bhASA zabda koza meM pavAr3A,pavAr3A, paMvArA saMjJA pulliga, derAja (saMskRta pravAda) lambA caur3A yA vistRta itihAsa kyA vadha vistAra se kahI huI bAta ke gIta artha meM milatA hai| gujarAtI joDaNI kora meM pavADA saMskRta pravadha sa vyutpanna hai| ApTe ke saMskRta aMgrez2I koza meM pavADI kA artha sUcanA, kimarvadaMtI, kahAvata athavA loka vizvAsa batAyA gayA hai| DA. satyendra ne paramAra zabda se pavADo kI utpatti batAI hai| vidvAn DA. Tarnara ne isakI vyutpatti "saMskRta pravAdaka zava se batAI hai| jo kucha aMzoM meM ThIka bhI lagatI hai|ddaa. TesITorI ne apane (Gandhe chrouse, * paravADA rAjasthAnI va gujarAtI meM pravATA abdIkA spaSTa kiyA hai|yh bhI saMbhava hai ki saMskRta pravAda kI pavADo ke mUla meM rahA ho yathA pravAda pavAma pavAmaDala ata: yaha pavADau prAcIna rAjasthAnI yA purAnI hindI kA zabda hai| baMgAlI loga pravAr3A kI vyutpatti payAra se mAnate hai|anek vidvAna pravAi, prabaMdha Adi aba bhI isake mUla meM basalA kI kahIM loka mAthA yA loka kAvya kA bhI yoga pavADo ke rUpa meM milatA hai parantu adyAvadhi pavADo bhava kI tvarita ke lie kI maI aneka sambhAvanAvoM meM koI bhI aba tIka pavADA kA artha spaSTa nahIM krtaa| yo pravAda ada meM isakI kucha saMgati baiThakhI hai para vaha artha bhI kisI : vahI 10 111 joDI ! ving or tallet. -R 4- lomA kA adhyAya 5- majhArakhI I .

Page #721
679 nizcita tathya ke binA apUrNa sA hI lagatA hai|yoN vidvAn isI artha se sahamata hai pavADA zabda nissaMdeha bhASA vijJAna ke zodhakartAoM ke lie eka mahatva pUrNa zabba * / aujI koza maimI pavAr3A zabda kI vibhinna rUpoM meM vyAkhyA kI gaI hai| jisa prakAra pavADA zabda kI vyutpatti para mata vaibhinnaya hai ThIka vaisa hI pavADo ke udbhava para bhI maitaikya nahIM hai| isa sambandha meM svabaMba cintana hI AdhAra kahA jA sakatA hai|lokmaan ke sAtha pavADo kA adhika prabandha spaSTa hotA hai| loka gIta jIvana kI ullAsa pUrNa abhivyakti hai unameM pavADe aura adhika sarasa aura spRhaNIya laga thai| yoM pavADo kA zilpa dekhate hue usame aneka guNoM va tatvoM kA samAveza hotA hai| lambA kthAnaka, sarasa saMgIta, pravAhapUrva alaMkaraNa rahita zailI, paktiyoM kA Avartana, alaukikatA,ati prAkRta ghaTanAoM kA Aroha avaroha, nIti mayatA va upadeza pradhAnatA rahatI hai|jhaaN bakavRta kA dhamkancha hai|pvaadd'ii meM adhikatara vIratA mUlaka yA premAzyAna mUlaka lokakathA ho hotI hai| prajana, nirmANa aura milana hI inakI lakSya prApti hotI hai| isaprakAra pavANe saMsAra ke hara pradeza meM mila jAte hai| pro. prima aura gambhIyara jaisepAzcAtya vidvAnoM ne isa sambandha meM vistAra meM likhA hai|vstutH prAcIna samaya meM svAbhAvika abhivyakti ke sAtha cAraNa bhATa bhAvi jisa kAvya kI ayAdi meM gunA karakI ke bA pavAr3A hI thaa| pAzcAtya viibAnoM meM inakI inhIM vizeSavAoM ke kAraNa inako sAhityika, lomAdhAtmaka paramparAgata aura bAraNI pavADe ..... Literary Broadside Ballads, traditional ballads tatha Ministrel Balads.) 1. (a) tawada or Panwas H. & panegyria or exorniastie proc. in end of 1tentive poetry recounting the achive a varrher, the talents and attainments of . wohplay, or the power, virtues and excellencies of a Termometeomartha Marathisnglish Dictionary,18571 (11)Powad. &. (Babstantive) me (mas auline) opie pe on, 2 Satire, Slader 3 useless talk, babbling (Hetk' modern arati Englsh Diettenary, 1925.)

Page #722
680 Adi meda kie hai|lok kAvya hone se aneka prakAra ke viSayoM kA samAhAra ina racanAoM meM huA hai| sAmAjika, rAjanaitika, dhArmika loka kathAtmaka Adi aneka kSetra pavAr3o ke viSaya hai| ukta vargIkaraNa se bhI upayukta vargIkaraNa rAjasthAnI pavAr3A sAhitya kA kiyA jA sakatA hai|viir kyAoM ke atirikta prAcIna bAta aura khyAta sAhitya ke rUpa meM rAjasthAnI sAhitya vizAlarahA hai . isameM loka gAthAtmaka pavAr3o ke atirikta prema kathAtmaka, vIra kthAtmaka, yogabhUlaka dhArmika tathA jIvaTa se bhare sAhasika kathAnaka vAle pavADe bhI milate hai| pAbUjI ke pavAr3e atyanta prasiddha hai isI prakAra DholA mAru rA dUhA bharatharI AkhyAna Adi ullekhanIya hai. vastutaH pavADe loka mAdhyAna ke lie na ho gae hai| aneka pavAr3o kI paramparA to caviSaya milatI hai| bahuta prAtrIna paramparA hone se pavAr3A kAvyoM ke zilpa se kaI paramparA anya kAvyoM kA mAnA jA maktA hai| sabase pahale mAnava isI taraha kisI vIra kI prazasti yA viziSTa kArya ko gItAtmaka sa diyA hogA vahI sambhavataH pavAr3A rahA hogaa| pavAr3A sAhitya yoM bhArata ke hara eka pradeza meM mila jAte hai| anya dezoM kI apekSA hamAre bhAratIya sAhitya kI paramparA adhika prAcIna paMjAbI pavAr3A ko bAra mahArAma povAr3A, brajabhASA meM pArA, baMgAlI meM mAthA athavA kAthA, mAlavA tathA rAjasthAna meM pavADo, kamnar3a meM lobAnI..pI. pavAre prAvi ameka aba mila jAte hai| pavADo kA Adi racayitA kauna thA yA bhAnamA atyanta kaThina hai|yoN akisiDa sAhitya kA sabase bar3A va rahastha usa kamimIvAoM ke mauna rahane meM hI hai parantu mAyAlaya ko na samudAyavAda aura vyaktivAda ko lakara mumbheyara grima, rolpanA pANDa, biTa vasa bathA parSI me pavAr3o ka racayitAoM para vistAra meM mAra 1i pAcAtya sAhitya meM pavADo zilpa Adi - 1.a natar Balamge 38.

Page #723
681 para vaijJAnika rUpa meM kaI vicAra karane vAle lekhaka hai| vastutaH ina vibhinna matoM dvArA yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki pavAr3e kisI jAti viSetra yA vyakti vizeSa kI racanA hai parantu inakI paramparA anuzrutibaddha paramparA hone se tInoM hI tathya inake utsava meM Azika rUpa meM kucha yoga dete hai| loka gIta kalAkAroM meM koI bhI ko apane ko sva se para kI sImA meM lIna kara detA hai, vahI saccA loka kalAkAra hai| yoM isakI udbhAvanA mahAkAvyoM, romAsa kAvyoM tathA stotra Adi se bhI mAnI gaI hai' para isase kevala viSaya ulajhatA hai|pvaadd'o kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA hI yaha hai ki ve loka gAna hai tathA unakA racayitA koI prANI vizeSa nahIM hai| yaha to huI pavAr3oM kI zilpa sambandhI prAcIna baat|ab paravartI sAhitya meM jitane bhI kAvya milate haiM ve vividha viSayaka hai| jyoM jyoM sthA meM vaiminnaya mAtA gayA tyoM tyoM kyA vastu maiM bhI vaiminnya AtA gyaa|yoN loka kathAnaka hote bhI ye kAvya atyanta sarasa hai ataH unako ziSTa sAhitya kA tAnA bAnA pahinA kara prastuta karane ke kAlAntara meM aneka prayatna hue hai| vAstava meM ye kisI vyakti vizeSa ke viziSTakAryoM kA spaSTIkaraNa karane vAlI racanAeM hai| yadyapi prArambha meM yaha kAvya loka AkhyAnaka kathA kA pratIka thA parantu paravIM kAla meM yaha vIra mAdhyAnaka kAvyoM ke lie ho gayA hai|maamaalaa viracita nAgadamaNa meM pavAr3A panamA ta thA 18vIM mAdI meM viracita devI vilAsa grantha meM bhI pavADA vRddha hI ullekha hai|" upayukta saba vivecana ko dekhate hue yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki pavAr3A eka 1-marabharatI varSa 4 ka 8 2-nAgarI prabAriNI patrikA, barSa 58 baiMka 4.431 . -maarikebraadde| ApakI sAdhana gADhe maganAdena pavADe ekalAci aura kArAmamAthAmeM anntdhorii| marjatAtI pavAr3e tathA kRSNe pavAr3A kAbalA(prajarAtI hAhityama svaamo014)|

Page #724
prakAra kA carita kAvya hai jisameM kathA va gIta saMgIta ko mahatva diyA jAtA hai| ye kAvya vIra, sAmAjika aMgArika se premAdi kisI bhI prakAra ke AkhyAnaka se sambandhita ho sakate hai|raajsthaan meM kaI sthAna para pavAr3e paDa) gAne vAle kAvya ke nAka Adi kA eka vistRta citrapaTa mI sAtha meM lekara unake vividha liyA kalApoM kA pradarzana karate hue gAte hai| ataH preNAtmaka bIra gAthAoM ke sAtha sAtha loka AkhyAnaka va sAmAjika kthA vastu bhI pavAr3o meM savAbhAvika rUpa meM mila jAtI hai| vAstava meM ye kAvya vIroM kI prazastiyAM, vivAnoM kA mAmadhya varNana, guNa kauzala Adi kA kAvyAtmaka varNana karate hai| marAThI jJAnezvarI meM pavAr3A kAvyoM kA sambandha sAmaIyavAna vyakti ke sAtha jor3A gayA hai| 15vIM batAiva meM viracita tribhuvana dIpaka * prabandha meM bhI pavADA babba tIna bAra mila jAtA hai| nAgadamaNa me pavADo panagAsiraM jar3apati kIno jAga meM kRSNa ke nAga imana kI kthA ko hI pavAr3A kA rUpa diyA gayA hai| isa prakAra paravartI kAla me pavAr3A eka zailI vizeSa aura kAvya rupa vizeSa hI ho ge| kAvya kI zailI ke anusAra usameM pradhAnatayA ca pAI baMda hotA hai aura bIca bIca meM paryApta saMkhyA meM dohe tathA anya chava housameM vibhinna rAgoM meM gAye jAne vAle aneka pada hoM kyA jisameM sarga vibhAjana yA vibhASa sUcaka bAda meMve kAvya racanA jailI kI dRSTi pavAr3A kahe vA bane hai| bAnasa se amana meM to chaMda kA nAma hI pavA milatA hai|' kI paramparA svampa udabhava tathA zilpa Adi para vicAra karane para yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki hindI sAhityamasabase adhika prAcIna pavADA saMjJaka racanA 15vIM batAdI kI vimA vikAsa pavADI hI hai| AvikAlIna kRtiyoM - 1- tribhuvana dIpaka pradha-kAlayada mAdhI. (ka) putra pavAr3A sammakI bAdiyA maranA (4) bhASaNa kahara kelA ki Agati pavADA (8) yaha pahicahADa vAcaDiya pravAI pr| - purvara rAsAyI-mAnA

Page #725
683 maiM purAnI hindI meM likhI huI yaha rakSA loka AkhyAnaka *ha tathA jainAcArya zrI hIrAnanda ri dvArA likhI huI hai| ataH prApta racanAoM meM sabase adhika pramANita kRti vidyA vilAsa pavADo hI hai| jidI sAhitya meM vastutaH pavAr3oM saMjJaka racanAoM kA yadi zrI gaNeza koI racanA karatI hai to yahI hIrAnaMda viracita vidyA vilAsa pavADo hIramA kA adhyayana hama Age ke pRSThoM meM prastuta kara rahe hai|

Page #726
684 0 vidyAvilAsa pavADI vidyAvilAsa pavADI kI pratiyAM bahuta bar3I saMkhyA meM upalabdha hai| pATaNa maMDAra meM isakI pratiyAM kaI hai| racanA kA sampAdita tathA prakAzita pATha prApta hai| hIrAnanda sUri kA kAla nizcita hai| inakI kRti kalikAlarAsa para rAsa adhyAya maiM prakAza DAlA jA cukA hai| vIrAnanda pippala gaccha ke the tathA inakA samaya 15vIM zatAbdI kA uttarAdha thaa| hai| racanAkAra ne pavADo ko pravAdakaH prastuta kRti kI racanA saM0 1485 meM kI gaI yA prazasti kAvya kahA hai:diya DAmiMtarI jANI vidyA vilAsa nArada pavADa vastutaH isI racanA kI kucha pratiyoM kI puSpikA meM ise rAsa, carita Adi kahA hai parantu loka kathA kAvya ke rUpa meM yaha kAvya loka AkhyAyana paramparA ko surakSita rakhane vAlA utkRSTa kAvya hai| vidyA vilAsa pavADI, kAnde prabandha, mAdhavAnala tathA tribhuvana dIpaka prabandha ke samAna hI hai| tulanA karane para aneka kar3iyoM tathA doM meM sAmya mila jAtA hai| vidyAvilAsa pavADI vidyA vilAsa kA jIvana carita varNita / vidyAvilAsa kI kathA preraNA mUla saMskRta ke vinaya candra kucha mallinAtha kAvya (saM0 1984 ke samIpa) hai| isake vitIya sakI yA vinayacaTakI kathA hI isa racanA kA hai kyA maiM usase antara spaSTa hotA hai| Age bhI svAmala paTTa ne gujarAtI meM vidyA vilAsanI bhI vAtI kAvya likhA hai jisameM vidyAvilAsamI ko nAyikA ke rUpa meM citrita kiyA hai| 1- vidyAvilAsa pavADI ke (1) likhi gari suMdari re (1 / 281 - 297) (2) ugI namarI mI baramArI hai raMga dharevi (11370-384) (3) tantura baravAnIka (124291440) Adi pada kAnhaDade prabandha, vIra tribhuvana dIpaka prabandha meM ubhayaniSTha hai| - isI prakAra kA bUDhA, prabandha tathA rAma Adi rUpoM meM bhI kRti vidamA vilAsa pavAr3I ukta tInoM samakAlIna kRtiyoM sapta sAmya rakhatI hai|

Page #727
685 prastuta kAvya 440 kar3iyoM meM likhA gayA hai| pavAr3A zabda ko kavi ne carita mUlaka artha DI meM liyA hai paramihiM acala bacAmaNu e vidyA vilAsa carIu se yaha bAta spaSTa ho jAtI hai| vidyA vilAsa pavADo kI kathA vastu bar3I rucikara hai| kathA tatva meM ghaTanAoM kI pradhAnatA tathA vaicitrya hai| pUrA kAvya ghaTanA pradhAna hai| kathA tatva kI sarasatA kAvya kA padalAlitya bar3hA detI hai| kathA saMpa meM isa prakAra hai: kathA sAra ujjayanI nagarI meM dhanavAha seTha ke cAra putra the |us nagarI kA rAjA jaganIka thaa| dhanAvara seTha ke cAra putra the| bAro putroM ko usane bulAkara dhanopArjana kI vidhi pUchI to prathama tIna ne ratna parIkSA, sone cAMdI ke vyApAra, kapar3oM kA vikraya Adi ke mAdhyama ko batAyA para choTe zrIvasta ne kaha diyA ki maiM vo rAjA kI mIti rAjya kruuNgaa| isa para bigar3a kara pitA ne use ghara se nikAla diyaa| zrIvatsa yA ghanasAgara ratnapura nagara meM Akara eka pAThazAlA meM adhyayanArtha praviSTa ho gayA / para pUrva janmoM ke saMskAra se use kucha bhI yAda nahIM rahatA thA / saba use mUrkhacaTTa yA vinayacaTTa kahane lge| isa prakAra mUrtaca me 15 varSa taka mupha kI sevA kii| isI pAThavAlA meM nagara kI rAjakumArI aura pradhAna kA putra par3hatA thA donoM maiM prema ho gyaa| saMjaya maMjarI ne use vivAha kA kiyA para pradhAna kA putra nahIM kara skaa| usane eka yukti nikAlI lina sthAna para pradhAna putra ne vinayacaTTa ko mejA, use samajhAkara ki vaha phira bhaavaavegaa|raatoN rAma vilA hokara UMTanI para biThAkara le jaanaa| biTa rAjI ho gayA aura jAkara usI rAta guru se AzA gAMdhI ne apanI kRpA se sarasvatI ko abhibhUta kara ke aneka guNoM ko kI sevA kara vara dAna die / baTTa mahAna vidvAna ho ge| sarasvatI usa para bar3I jIta ho gaI ho gyaa| aMdhiyAre meM UMTanI para baiThakara donoM ki maage| para prAtaH jaba saMjama maMjarI ne pUrvaca ko apane sAtha devA to mahAna huI caina meM bAra vimambaTTa mahAna kAvya banAne lagA usakI

Page #728
686 sarasatA para anekoM etha ho gae the| vidyA se lokAnuraMjana karane vAle vinayacaTUTa ko vidvayA kisa nAma de diyA gyaa| saMjama maMjarI dusa meM dina nikAlane lAgI | sakhI ke yaha kahane para bhI ki vinayacaTuTa mahAna vidvAna hai use vizvAsa nahIM huaa| aise hI samaya meM jamIra se eka sandhi vigraha kA eka lipi patra AyA / use nagara kA koI vyakti, kiM vidyA vikAsa ko chor3a kara nahIM par3ha kA rAjA ne use pracAna banA liyA likha se vidyA vilAsa kI bar3I prazaMsA huI / pati patnI kI yaha amavasa rAjA ko bhI jJAta huI usane isakA kAraNa jAnA va bhaiva lenA cAhA aura usake mahA bhojana kare gayA para saMyama maMjarI ne aneka vastra badala badala kara pahane / ataH rAjA na jAna sakA |thii bAra rAjA ne dUsarI yukti soca nagara pAlikA ke sAmane pradhAna ko sapat nRtya mAna karane kI kula rIti batAI | saMjama maMjarI ne kahA ki yadi pradhAna gIva rogA aura svAda bajAyegA to vaha nRtya jarUra kregii| aisA hI huaa| donoM mile| jIvana meM Ananda chA gyaa| donoM pati patnI kA varSoM kA mauna TUTa kara dUra hoyA / donoMhAthI para baitthe| para itane meM rAjaputrI kI aMgUThI gira gii| vidyAti ko usane lAne ko kahA vaha nIce uttara kara lAne gayA taba taka savArI Age raka gayA aura bAma eka saudarya nagara meM praveza karate karate nagara ke daravAjAva cheda meM se praviSTa hone ko gayA to use ko eka baikyA ne dekhA to use maMtra ivArIyAra karatA banA kara paira meM kAlA DorA bAMdhakara apane pAva ra chodd'aa| vo paMjarI ke pAsa calA gyaa| rAjakumArI tar3apa rahI thI usakA usa sola diyA vidyA vilAsa punaH pradhAna bana ge| gavikA meM bhI use usakI patnI ko saupa diyaa| rAjA ne dIkSA lekara pradhAna ko rasoya vigaa| vidyAvilAsa ne rAjA banakara apane fear ke nagara para bar3hAI kI vahAMke rAjA ko parAsta kiyaa| phira saMdhi karane ke lie nagara Aye yA vimA vilAsa ne pUchA kyA Apa mujhe SaDiyAnate haiM? pitA putra gale hinda chA gayA zrI pUrvajanma ke f

Page #729
saMcita tapa ke prabhAva se rAjA huA va meM nirvANa ko prApta huaa| kathA saMkSepa meM yahI hai| kyA ko dekhate hue yaha kahA jAsakatA hai ki prastuta kAvya ghaTanA pradhAna prema kAvya hai| kAvya meM ghaTanAoM ke tIna bar3e mor3a hai jo kAvya meM kautUhala kA samAveza karate hai ve hai:.) rAjakumArI kA lamna zrIvalpa ke sAtha aMdhere meM honA vaTa para baiThakara 'niklkssaa| kAzmIra ke lekha kA par3hakara pradhAna bananA tathA ) rAjakumArI va kumArI kA nRtya bAiya Ayojana ba rAjA kA meva Adi lenA tathA donoM kA punarmilana aadi| kavi ne maMgalAcaraNa se hI kAvyaprArambha kiyA hai: pahila pagAmiya paDhama jilesara sijaya avatAra hadhimA uri zrI kAti jiNesara bali nemikumAra jIrAulI puri pAsa jinesara mAuri vaddhamAna kAmIra pari bharasati sAmipi chima ni varadAna kavi kI bhASA kA pravAha va saralatA ullekhanIya hai: sakha parinala myAri niroSama pariyAra bIDa baMdhava nAma marikha idina gupayAra bIsa kina sAbara bAmara jima maimIra bAta Saba pi nasAgara garaba basa dhIra eka divasa mAri maMda sAli khA rami vApi gogAvyA kima parimAra gharemika aMgi paTi kA bobbaI pari mAMDisa hATa nIda maujA prakAzana pUrISa bAvita sovAna pATa zrIsa mor3a para moka gAyi bADa sAmosA sakSita bAnI yumi mA morI bAta

Page #730
688 UjeNI nau jIpI rAjA leI sarva rAja ina pari bApa khamA hU~ sAri mana bAchita savi kAja (6-8) kavi ne saMyama maMjarI kA rUpa varNana paryApta sarasa kiyA hai| kavi kI alaMkArikatA aura pravAha duSTavya hai : tISi nayari surasundara rAjA vasu ghari kamalA rANI arse sundarI tAtaNI dhUna ruSiI raMga samApa sola klA sundari sasi vayaNI caMpakavannI bAla kAjala sAmala lahakai veNI caMcala nayama kisAla adhara suraMga sajasyA paravAlI sarala sukomala bAha pINa payohara atihiM pamehara jAne amiya pavAha Ura yugala kiri kahalI zaMmA caraNa kamala sukumAla mayagala jima mAhaMtI bAlA bola nayana ravAla (17-18) paramparAgata upamAnoM kI ghaTA tathA anuprAsAtmakatA racanA meM pravAha kA miThAsa bola dete hai| rAjakumArI kA maMtri putra para mugdha ho jAnA aura maMtrI putra kA svAmI kI putrI para hue isa nIca manoratha ke bacane ke lie aneka saMkalpa vikalpa karanA dRSThya hai| kavi vividha dRSTAntoM aura antaranyAsoM dvArA kitanA sundara varNana karatA hai: vika upariI nIca manoratha kAi eha nAva jagatI nahI bAcI varama thAi kihI sAyara kahI khilApha kiyA para kihI pAsa kiDI kAyara kihI vara cha kiTI gama kikI suravAla fair pavie for ne miri kihI tara kihI kekAna kiDI bAhara hI DArka kiDI va kihI jAna kiDI kyUrI kiDI rUma, kiDI mAnava kihI deva kiDI kAbI kiDI amiya rasa, kivI rAjima kiDI seva kiDA rorI kiDI vara kAya kiyAM dIka kihI mANa

Page #731
sAmiNi mA tapha aMtara e evaDau pramANa rAjakuMri balahuM papai ma karima ghaNau vicAra iNa bhavi para mavi eka tu nizciI karitu bharatAra racanAkAra ne aneka varNana kie hai jinameM bhojana varNana nRtya gIta varNana, viraha varNana Adi pramukha hai kavi ke kAvya kauzala ke kucha udAharaNa iSTavya hai| rAjA ke ajama kumArI ke yahA bhojana karane Ane para kavi bhogya sAmagrI kA varNana karatA hai: tANa sAmaDaNI savi karI,rANA Diu UlaTa dharI bhAviu rAjA mi parivAri jimavAnai miti jovA mAri kyA bAsaka nai ADaNI, pura baiThau Ayapura ghaNI 'kyA sobana maya bahu thAla {kyA kyola vi sAla pahiri jama samASA desa nirupama na kyiA navavesa ke sataha mohAmI bAla timi maMDapiAbhyA batkAla pahilI mUMkI phalAhula galI, kI sAkara idhaI milI kyAM sarasa gavila pakvAna, kyA ANI unDA dhAna kyA nava nava pari sAla, mukyA sarahI thI ati varSa muMkI mADI purakI va ga bIra gADa eka heva kyA sahA puratA ghoha jimavADa vi cha niroka bAbyA vAsyA niramala mIra AyA kara levA bIra mAvyA bIr3A pAkA mA bAbyA samajha ghor3A paNA ipi pari rAjA mAvi dhari Awi (71-85) yahI nahIM vRtya aura vAdhyoM kA varNana kavi ke gIjanya yA laya vA sambandhI jAma para pIpraNA galA / yAtmaka hai| anuprAsAtmaka tathA anuraNana mukta hai jinase eka bAba kITa hotI pApA kI paralatAaura varSana kA atrAsAtmaka-samaskAra hara sAlvI , hiva supaI)

Page #732
610 nRpa Ayasa lahI varavekSatra raMgamaNi kIghau pravesa dhA dhA dhA bhAra murdama, cabama bacapaTa bAi muraMga saMdhugani ghoMgani dhuMgA nAdi, gAI nAgaDa dodo sAdi mapadhuni ra mapani mana bIpa, niniyumi sapi bhAuja lIpa bAjI oM oM maMgala aMsa, ghidhikTa ghaMkaTa pADa asaMkha phAgaDha digi digi siri bAlarI, gaNa gaNa pAu merI do do dihi sivila rasAla dhuNa dhAra dhamakAra rimi bhibhi rimi mimi mijhima sAla, karari rari karighaTapaTatAta bharara marara giri merima sAda pAyaDIu bAlavIu nAda nisaNI evaM viha bahuvAla mani camakI te navaraMga bAla mAcI ati dhana ullaTa gharI rAjakumAri sobAsuMdarI (2011) kavi ke ina saba barmanoM ke atirikta biraha varNana bar3A mArmika bana par3A hai| vipralaMbha kA varNana soDagasundarI vividha vilApoM aura viyoga sUcaka uddIpanoM se spaSTa karatI hai| zrRMgAra kA yaha 'viyoga pakSa varNana kI yathArthatA aura sarasatA se atyanta utkRSTa bana par3A hai| maumAbhya maMjarI vidyA vikAsa ke binA bar3apatI hai| usakA pratIkSA varNana , ADoM meM nIMba ma bAnA, caMdana, bAda, bIDa bAi Adi sabakA bhayAnaka laganA bhI vana sthAnIya : (rAjA-+ ) nivi kari soDaga kundara re boi vAma bATa nIma bhAva navamalere, mirara bATa dRSi kApI bo milAya, bAla bAlana vimA vikAsa ma libhIya mAra, prahapUrina mana kI bhAva isa vitI visa bolAsIsI samApI baDI re, badana vAlI bhAla dAvAnala mina bImaDAre, jisyA karavAta kama mAda bAbA re, gA bisa varasaMti

Page #733
sItala vAu lohAmaNu re, priyaviNa tApa karavi bAsI DAhima ApaNIre, raMjI mupha mana mora chayala paMbaI chAnau rahure, hIvaDA karI kaThora ekA dIDana jANIyA re, miraguNa jANI kaMsa hiva ziNa bALa barasamA re, bAda mujha vilavaMta jaha karavata sira bAhara re, vIja ciraNahAra vara kocyA pAjaNa re,sala ujANata pAra (115- vivAha kA prAsAdika varNana kavi ne vivAhalA DhAla meM kiyA hai| saMgIta kI dRSTi se bhI prastuta kAvya bar3A mahatvapUrNa hai| vivAha kA ullAsa, nAriyoM kA zrRMgAra aura maMgalagAna Adi sabakI rAjasthAnI paramparAoM ke varNana tathA tatkAlIna sthAnIya raMgo (lokala kalaka) kA sparma karate hai| aba kI AvRti use rAgamaya banAtI hai: (hiva vIvADalA naudAsa) suMdara lagana gaNavIuMe, maNi mAtI raNi badhAvIu e, ballaha sajjana behAvIra e, baramaMDapa tihA maMDAvIra e kADama bAni bar3hAkira, parivA doraNa bAki ra bADhI ni ni nArI e, bara pIbI beDaravArIie parini gajabaDa kAlI ra, moThI mavaraMbha chATI ra kara akhi jhI balakatI pagiri mokana rAbaDI bI e hADI sAvi ghoDAmaNI e, sI yojaha maMgala kApiNI pa hAtha kAmadAbAda ra, bara rAhavArI vevarI gari mana baratImA e, bara basa kI bAta divA e vaizvAnara zabaI kI ra, ina pariSI jina guNa maidarI e racanA vIra samApI parivAra dekhane ko milatA hai| vidyA vilAsa kA rAjA banane ke bAda apane pitA ke nagara ke rASA para zAmmala karamA, nAgoM kA pinA, vastroM kI kAra, savAroM, vo ghor3oM, gathiyoM kyA talavAroM

Page #734
Adi kA utsAha pUrNa varNana bIrarasa kI niSpatti karatA hai|vrnnn dhvanAtmaka hai: (bhImapalAsI) mayavara mayavari ratha rathi viM, amavAri asavAra ibaI pari bhaI thalA puSaga avi nasaraMgANi tiSivAra bihu~ bAli Dho DhauM Tola TamakkI mA bhorinanda virasaravi saramaI babai DhamaDhamaDhavaka sukhada * maTi gaTi daha daha nAdi, vAjIya muhiranI sAga rakha kAlI munI manaraMgaNi, kAyara ghaDai parAva muDa hali panIyAlA Ayudha sUrakiraka malakati dekhI muhaDa sabala romacyA nIsana nAsIti mayavara muDiyA rakha pAbariyA, guDalIyA mAha mAho mAI bAI bhATaka bAighira pravAha bhAri mAri kAtA ika ahaMkaMpaki karavAta rosiva DibA rAuta bhaI jima hA vikarAla (145-150) eka taNA ghaDaDa cUjaI eka hIDaI mulalitAI gira pAi eka sI guNDA prAdhikaraNa phoDA pAra varava apIyara, bIrai bIra paData nAnA eka nara bhArIDa, paravA isa kinaIti aisA mayabara gaDhi gAI pAbamA bokAra DADi mADI nA, hAi akhabAra aura mana banA nidAna hai| nimAvilAsa apanA pUrva maba pUchatA hai tathA dIvAnA - (rAga vasaMta) ivalIpUramaya dekhA gAtI samara marikoM bhI milAba barAvi vApI pAmI paramAnaMdo

Page #735
e saMsAra asAra suNIjai dukkha tamau bhaMDAra Apa savAratha sahUI milIuM putra kalatra parivAra lacchI caMcala pavana tI pari yauvana saMdhyArAga nIra biMdu jima jIvI jANII ANI mani vairAma saMjama leI zivapurI pahucha dhana dhana vidyAvilAsa maga hIrAnaMda zrI saMgha pUrata mana maMchita savi Ama prastuta racanA kA loka kathA kAvyoM kI dRSTi se to mahatva hai hI sAtha hI chaMdoM aura rAgoM kI dRSTi se bhI isakA bar3A yoga hai| pUrI racanA meM devI savaiyA aura dUhA cathai meM kAvya likhA gayA hai| vastu chaMda, gIta rAga aura dAla Adi sabhI kA vizleSaNa isa prakAra hai: * Nu 1 21 22 se 27 28 se 94 95 se 99 100 se 119 120-152 153-247 248-180 2810 110 298-391 32-338 693 339-369 rAga savaiyA devI pavAr3a- mAtrA 16 12 vahA mAtrA 13 11 dUhA, aMta meM e kA prayoga vAlA dezI savaiyA (jayadeva dvArA Ayojita) * bastu savaiyA devI bhavA *e kI AvRtvi(rAna devAna) hima cubaDa, mAnavI bastu tathA duvA capa ( 15 mAtrAoM kA hareka pada) tathA dUDhA wes, harAma mAlavI va ) tathA vastu gIya, (rA) bUDhA (13 11) kapa ( 15 mAtrA rAma rAmagiri ) - 15 13 aMta meM ramana aMDa meM saMgItAtmaka vivAlA DAla- prathama pada kI punarAvRtti dUsarI bAra (14 14 mAtrAeM tathA e kA thAnA hareka paMkti ke anta meM e tathA vastu ched| pavADu (devI) mAtrA 16 12 rAga bhImapalAsI vastu *

Page #736
370- 424 604 Diva badhAnanAna DhAla rAga devAya / yaha pada bhI 13, 13 mAtrAoM kA dUsarA rUpa hai| paDhAvu mAtrA 16, 12 ( rAga vasaMta) 429- 440 pada mAtrA 14, 14 (rAma vasaMta) DhAla vivAhalA, isa prakAra vividha rAgoM meM kavi ne ina kar3iyoM ko gAne kA nirdezana bhI sAtha hI de diyA hai isase spaSTahotA hai ki kavi kA saMgIta jJAna bhI vAstrIya tathA asAdhAraNa thA / chaMdoM ke rUpa meM prastuta kRti bar3I mahatvapUrNa hai kavi ne isI prakAra kaI maulika chedoM va vibhinna rAga ke sAtha unheM gAne kA sujhAva diyA hai| vastuta: jo bhI cheda hameM isa racanA meM upalabdha hue hai, una para paryApta prakASa DAlA gayA hai| bhASA kI dRSTi se yaharacanA bhI tribhuvana dIpaka prabandha, paMca paMDava carita rAju kyA neminAtha phAyu kI hI mAtavIM zatAbdI kI sarala hindI hai| tatsama padoM kA prAdhAnya hai| prAcIna rAjasthAnI yA gujarAtI ke vividha zabda mila jAte haiM jo sAdhAraNa bhASA pravAhapUrNa aura prAsAdika hai| vartamAna gujarAtI kI prArambhika bhUmikA isa kRti kI bhASA se mila sakatI hai| apa kI lAthamikatA ina kRtiyoM meM kabhI kaThinAI se milatI hai aura usake bAtha tatsama prayogoM ne sama icchatA ko samApta kara diyA hai| evarga aneka udAharaNa upara die gae hai| samasyAeM:- Thoka yA kAvya hone ke sAtha sAtha racanA meM eka mahatva guma usameM 1. The detailed analyis of the metrical form used in this poem is of great immprtant in painting out how at the basis there were matra metres which becaneseose as the musical considerations began to enter its form. The syllables of one matra or two matras did not remain rigidly so and were lengthened eut short ened aecording to the oal or giving requirements. Even the pads has originally at the basis the well known matra forms. The musical syllables are added and then the peetie narrations were composed by taking Yals and Deshi w.th out any consideration of Matra metre basis. All these matters concerning the ohages of metrical forms through AP... to g. Akhyan Poona and Pads are of great Importance 6.0.8.0 XVLLI PAG-371.

Page #737
615 varNita samasyAoM aura prahelikAoMkA hai| jJAna parIkSA karane kI kucha kaThina samasyAeM dekhie : rAjA bola kI boka nimuSTha nayaramA savi loka mupha beTI da guNasuMdarI kapi raMbhAvara avatarI pasArI isakI pati dI do mi he choDI nai nAskara jAma vidyAvilAsa kUTa hama AliMgana deI nara nAha dIdhI vaizyA pani uhi aravarAja siMha rAjakuMAri pariNAvI nRpavaI AcAra 39ve pada meM budha ( Son of the sun ) tathA piTha meM bappI cir3iyA kI dhvani bhI hai| prahelikA- 40, 41 aura 42 kar3iyoM meM kavi nai prahelikAoM kA varNana kiyA hai jo isa prakAra hai: (1) strI paraNI kiDI jAi jIvana kA sAra kyA hai?- (uttara) sAsa (zvAsa) (5) priya ke milane para kyA hotA hai- (uttara) raha (rati (2) phUloM meM kyA hai- (uttara)- bAi(vAta) saMskR sarvolTa isako yadi milA deM- bAsaravADI strI paravI kihI bAi kA uttara 1- vahI, 30 302 pa 125-134 This 39 at. is a stanza addressing "oh intelligent (Budh) the son of the Sun) dear one (Piu 1. e. the sound of Bapphi bird alse):01 you who can be known by the name w ich the Bappiha bird utters with its mount,01 you for whose name there is the name of the son of the sun, telli/me, to my satisfaction, you will knowing one.0.0.8. CXVIII PAGE 373

Page #738
696 nikala AtA hai| kula lAbha mAdhavAnala kyA meM bhI yaha prahelikA mila jAtI hai kuma AdhAra jIvita une kAma gharani kuNi bAi 1 bhavana puri pula strI paramI kihI jAI 41vIM kar3I meM bhI eka prahelikA eka strI ke lie hai baupAnI meM rahatI hai bahuta kAlI hai tathA jo use dekhanA nahIM cAhatI: eka nAri ati sAmalI pAnI mAhi varSati te tuma darasaNa devA alajau atihi karaMti 1241 / / isa pahelI kA uttara hai - (ati) 4svI nahIM meM bhI isI prakAra kI pahelI hai: zrISati sU ari maMDaNaha bhejaNa naMdana nAha 1 aft baMdhana mallaDI ta Upara ukhADa isa pahelI kA uttara hai -nAda sampAdakoM neisakI paryApta vyAkhyA kI hai| isI pati paheliyoM meM nimnati kar3iyA~ iSTavya haiM: bAra kisiTa jIbI va priya saMgama sira thAi phUlamA mUga svI paraNI kihI jAi Adi para prabhu mAmati bhaMvara priya dAhi (40) kAma gAthA kyaa| 36.0.5. XCIII Page 406. The ornament of the son of the consert of Laxmi(i.e. the son of Krishna 1.8. Pradanan er Kandeo) and Ratigi.e. Chandra) the lord of the son of earth 91.0. Nangalpati 4.0. Grshpati 1.8.Chandra) Its brother who is in its heart (1.e.Haria is in in the heart of Chandra and dear to Harin is Sarang or I Lute. I have a seat for some thing on it(it i.e. the Naa er tase of Sarangi) The answer of this Prahelika is Nad er a musical tune, 6.0.8. OXVIII P. 373.

Page #739
697 sA kamalaMtari kAminI, kAi raDija prabhu sAhi 1 (43) isa prakAra isa loka kathA ko ina pahelikAoM ne aura bhI sarasa banA diyA hai sAmAjika tatvoM, sthAnIyaraMgoM tathA sAmAjika rivAjoM vivAha kI paramparAoM vANijya kI nItiyoM, rAja darabAra DAna pAna, striyoM ke lie huA kalaha, rAjakIya pheToM aura vivAha ke dhUmadhAma pUrNa varNanoM ne racanA ke varNana vilpa tathA sarAsAdika zailI kI subamA aura bar3hA dI hai| Thoka-kathA-kAvyoM meM pavAr3A nAma se paravartI kAla meM askRtiyAM upalabdha hotI hai| vastutaH hindI sAhitya meM pavADo kA prArambha karane vAlI prAbhASika racanAoM meM vidyAvilAsa pavADI sarva prathama mahatva pUrva racanA hai| 1. The first letter is theletter in front of Prabhu(i...) dear one the last letter is found in fire(i.e. Agni 1.1. Ni that loving women is in Kamal(1.e.Padan) who to you, of Lord torment her? (The answer: Padanni Padmini The first of the three types of the women 1. e. Fadmani Chitrani and Sankhand.

Page #740
MALALAMA told

Page #741
-saMdhikAmyaThaLakaThaTha saMdhi kAvya nAma se apapraMza meM kaI racanAeM upalabdha hotI hai| isake pUrva prAkRta meM sandhi saMjJaka koI racanA upalabdha nahIM hotii| yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki saMdhi kAyoM kI paramparA kA prArambha apAMza pApA se hI hotA hai bidhi nAma se kaI bAI dhyAna meM A jAtI hai ki yA to saMdhi kAvya saMkrAMti kAla meM likhe gae kAvya hone yA do prAntoM kI sImA para likhe gae hoMge athavA do bhASAoM ke sammelana se nirmita hupa hoNge| Adi Adi parantu vAstava meM aisI bAta nahIM hai| saMdhi ko IkAvya rupa bhI nahIM hai| isakA koIzAstrIya zilpa bhI adyAvadhi upalabdha nahIM hotA para phira bhI saMdhi saMjJaka racanAeM milatI hai vastutaH ina saMdhi kAvyoM meM saMci ubda kA vizeSamahatva hai| sandhi da kI paramparA para vicAra karane para isa varga kI racanAmoM kA svarUma spaSTa ho jAtA hai|bhut sambhava hai ki isa kAvyoM kI pUrvavartI paramparA meM do bhASAoM kA sammilana athavA anya koI saMgatikAlIna sthiti rahI ho para isa sambandha meM aba taka koI pramANa upalabdha nahIM hotaa| kAvya moM, kailiyoM jyA vibhinna chandoM kI dRSTi se vicAra karane para bhI saMdhi na koI vizeSa kAvya kAhI hai aura na koI vibhinna ba viSa hii| tathA koI kI vizeSa bhI nahIM hai| aisI sthiti meM sandhi kA pAribhASika amidhAmUlaka para maMTora karanA samdhi zabda apAta kAvyoM meM adhika milatA hai| jisa prakAra saMskRta meM varga vibhAjana mA adhyAya ke artha meM sandhi kA spaSTIkaraNa hotA hai ThIka baiMka hI samdhi varga miAjana ke lie apa kAvyoM meM prayukta hotA hai| bAdhA apakSa ke kaImahAkAya dhiyoM vibhakta hai| vaha yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki saMdhi ksiI vibhAjita karma kA mAho,yA kisI barma kA athavA yaha zabda adhyAya kA samAnArtha pokA marma aba samApta hotA hai aura naye varga kA prArambha giyA jAtA hai to

Page #742
sandhi usa sthAna para prayukta hotI hai| vastutaH isakA prArambha hemanda meM hI milatA hai heimacandra ne sandhi ko apara marga vibhAjaka zabda kA nAma diyA hai| padya prAyaH saMskRta mAvApabhraMza grAmya bhASA nibaddha-bhinnAstyavRta sagA ravAsa sandhyavaskabaMdha- satyadhi babdArtha -vaicitryoTa mahAmAvyam- isa prakAra isa sUna se spaSTa hotA hai ki saMskRta ke mahAkAvyoM kA vibhAjana sargoM maiM, prAkRta ke mahAkAvyoM kA bhAravAsA meM avaza ke mahAkAvya iMthiyoM meM aura dezI bhASA ke mahAkAvya avaskandhoM meM vibhakta hote the| isa prakAra aba taka apAMDa ke mahAkAvyoM meM sandhi bAda kar3avaka, vyANi, Avi savoM kI pAti varga vibhAjana ke lie hI prayukta hotA thaa| yahI nahIM apanavetara kAvyoM meM bhI yaha sabda milatA hai| ____ apAtra meM kar3avaka samUhAtmaka sandhi arthAta bahuta me bar3avaka milakara eka saMdhi kI racanA karate the| sandhi kAvyoM ko hama koI vizeSa yA vizeSa kara sakate hai| ina kAvyoM meM sandhi kisI naDa vizeSa ke lie hI prayukta huA hai| yo ina sandhi kAvyoM meM kaI kAvyoM kA vibhAjana kaDavakoM meM kiyA gayA hai parantu yaha Avazyaka nahIM hai ki aisA ho hii| aneka kAvyoM meM kar3avaka nahIM hI milaneka ataH spaSTa hai ki ayAja kAvya paramparA meM jisa prakAra kar3avakoM ke samUhoM ke ma meM marma vibhAjana ke ndhi kA prayoga milaa| purAnI hidI meM vahI mada usI varSa meM prayukta hai parantu ramAgaroM meM patrikAba dekara sanDakAvya kI mAMdi ina kAmyoM kI ramanA mana se kara dI hai| vastutaH mama indhi abda kisI dhArA vizeSa kA ibolA na hokara apaca kAvyoM kI sandhi kAvya paramparA kA nivAI karane vAlA hai| yaha kA vA sakatA hai ki sandhi kAvya mahAkAvya ke mA~ bImA sAmAna kaI vandhi kAyoM ke dvArA mahAkAvya kA prabhAva kiyA gayA / pratyeka kAvya apane meM svataMtra hai| Aadme m e 10 dekhi rAmavAlI

Page #743
ataH ina kaviyoM ne eka saMdhi vAle ina manDa kAvyoM ko yA prabandhoM meM samdhi nAma diyA hai| viSaya ke AdhAra para vivecana karane para bhI spaSTa hotA hai ki sandhi kAvyoM ke varNaya 'vizya nahIM hai inameM se koIbhI viSaya sAmAjika, dhArmika, aitihAsika, sAhityika, cAritriyaka Adi ane jA sakate hai| asaH sAdhAraNa rUpa meM samdhi kA svarUpa eka sarga kI hI bhAti spaSTa hotA hai| ye kAvya apane meM pUre hote hai| sandhi kAvyayadyapi AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya meM adhika saMkhyA meM upalabdha nahIM hote hai parantu yaha zodha kA abhAva hI kahA jA sakatA hai| bhaneka jaina bhaMDAra abhI banda par3e hai| vIM zatAbdI se hI sandhi saMjJaka kAvya milate haiM jinameM bhAvanA saMdhi Ananda prathamopAsaka sandhi, cIla sandhi, devI gautama sandhi, taSasandhi, upadena sandhi kA raMga sandhi- Adi rakhanA hai inameM se tapa sandhi, upadeza sandhi, cauraMga sandhi Adi meM to apabhraMza vabdoM kIbahulatA hai unheM apanevara kAvyo meM sthAna nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| phira bhI ina kAthyoM ke udAharaNoM meM bhASA meM vikAsa ke aMkura avazya parilakSita hote hai| una kAvyoM ke kucha udAharaNa pRSTha bhUmi ke rUpa meM deza kA sakate hai| kAmoM meM bhI adhika apAMca bAkI hai| parantu savIM zatAbdI kI bhAvanA sandhi, sAmanya sandhi aura sImIyama sandhi prAcIna hindI ke kAma hai jina para ima mAge vicAra kreNge| vahI bhUmi ke ma meM kucha apAMca bAlamanyi mAvyoM ke dharaNa hai apamAni -maMDana iriva kiMga jaga Dana biga siviThiya pi-kAya rasAyana zugaka kAnuna pugi sandhi biya bAya pAipaba mAra pANu baha-jIva-gAya visayAmirAma bIviyAsTrikako bA-roga-soma dui joya meha (pATana bhaMDAra)

Page #744
701 tapa sandhi- rAja rAjasUri ziSya siri moma sundara guru purandara pAya paMkya Isao siri-visAla-rAyA garirAyA-banda gaccha so paya namIya sIsaI tAsu sIsaha asa sandhi vinimmimA siva suksa kAraNa iha nivAraNa tava upasii kammimA (pATaSa maMDAra) upadeza sandhi- gAthA 14, hemasAra ubaaisa sandhi niramala baMdhi, hemasAra imarisi karae jo paDhaipaDhAvaha muhamapi bhAvai basuddha sividha vRghi lAe abhaya jaina granthAlaya se upalabdha paka racanA zIla mandhi milatI hai| yaha kRti bhI apamaMtra zabda bahulA hai parantu isameM bhI bhASAgata parivartana parilavata hotA hai| isameM kavi ne zIlavAna puraSoM, deviyoM aura satI nAriyoMkA varNana kara unako namana diyA hai| kucha udAharaNa dRSTavya hai: vithavara cakmiyata bAsudeva pura bayara niriMdahi viDiya seva bhanne vi biyama ziri nihAla, grIva kappakAma jAgi paMdhi suranara apara moma bAma kAla maya roga boma akhaMDa jIva mAhiya sarIra, nika mukyAlA dhIra 1- gurjara kamiyo- mauna kAla dekhA nAma ... - vahI.. ** PATRA, bIgamera-saM0 1415 meM simica haTake se prApta /

Page #745
702 (2) sayala sura viSaya caM teNa isa thalliyA,mayaNa mallega ikchuba saMpililayA rAja gaha gahima puSa vismamittaimo, loya paya vi aMbA paDiseviNI (3) rahane mi parAjaba bisaya samima, paDiboDavi ThAviya jIDa magima __sA sIlabaMta uga seNa dhUya sIliya vihaM bhavapAhi pAhUna (4) mubhavAraya mundari java sundari dobai yAdetI pamukha guNa rayaNa samighiya bhuvaNa paridiya japai mahApai sIlathara ' (5) roga jala jalya visa bhukmaha magagayA,sIDa kari madhya cori unasagagayA bhari ubharAri bhaya karaNa ne dekhaI, mIla tANa nAmeNale nAsa ina kRtiyoM ke uddharaNoM se spaSTa hai ki bhASA meM tatsama abdoM ke prayoga mazaH bar3hane lage the| (1mI -14vIM) tAbdI kI kucha purAnI hindI kI aMpika kRtiyAM hai: (1) pAvanA sandhi saM0 130. . jayadeva / (2) Ananda prathamopAsaka sandhi-saM0 152 ke pUrva vinyndrsuuri| (a) sI mautama sandhi- azAca kavikRta - 14. isameM bhAvanA sandhi prakAzita hai| prathA va do iliyAM prakAzita hai| mAvanA sandhi eka upadezAtmaka maDa kAvya hai| jisako kavi ne sammA 1. kima ke pAsa pAsarA hogaa| isa racanA ko sakkoM meM pUrI kI hai| pratyeka sahaka basa kar3iyA aura antima kAmA 11 kADiyA hai|is racanA ke ramitA imi devI ko pani videvapUri ziSyoM meM the| 1. ana andhAlaya bIkAnera-saM. 19 kisita muTake se praapt| + baH -4 11-15.314 //

Page #746
703 jahAM taka kAvya kI vastu kA sambandha hai isameM kavi ne muMja aura vilAsavatI kI prema kathA kA ullekha kiyA hai / sambhavataH yaha kAvya kavi ne muMja (2054) kI mRtyu ke pazcAt hI likhA hai| kAvya bhAva pravama hai| bhASA sarala hai| yaha kAvya kavi ne vastutaH jana sAdhAraNa meM dharma pracArArtha hI likhA hai / ata: prastuta kAvya meM loka upadeza aura nItimayatA hai| kavi ne kathA ke atirikta saMsAra kI nazvaratA, aiDika jIvana ke sukha dukhoM kA sambandha aura usase utpanna huI ghRNA, narakoM kA atya isa aura janma ke bAda mRtyu aura mRtyu ke pazcAta kamInusAra punaH janma hI isa kAvya kA vaya viSaya hai| pUrA kAvya upadeva pradhAna hai| kRti zailI AlaMkArika hai jisameM vividha dRSTAnta udAharaNa aurautprekSAdi alaMkAroM kI pramukhatA hai| mAvanA nAma ko kavi ne anekamAvanAoM kA varNana karake sArthaka kiyA hai| kRti bhI bhASA meM zabdoM kA cayana uttama hai parantu apazabdoM kI bahulatA hai| kavi ne racanA kA prArambha maMgalAcaraNa se kiyA hai aura pAcavI kar3I meM mAlavana riva muMja kI prema kyA para prakAza DAlA hai| kavi prArambha meM hI jIva ko pratibodhana detA huA kAvya prastuta karatA hai: re jIva) niyumi caicala sahAya, nilaDevina gayalavi bajcha pAna nate fere fvaha bAta, saMvAri matthi baha iMDiyA (pada) muMja aura vilAsavatI ke prema mIna kA citraNa dekhiya: maranyi mani ramanIya deha, bahira devi mAna naridaM gavaranva bAga baMda (5) mulya sambandhI isI gAthA kA ullekha kara manuSyoM ko karmI kI ora tarka kahane ke lie kavi ne die hai vijaya kAmanavi saMvarevi --- vihAvara padha, jinavaNa mahimna paNa laya maNi siddhaIDi vi hacchi bAcche te dvAravi

Page #747
704 viSaya viSadharoM kI carcA ke pazcAta kavi ne bAraha bhAvanAoM kA bhAvana karane kA upadeza diyA hai| pUrA kAvya saMsAra kI nazvaratA, AvAgamana ke baMdhana aura maka varSana Adi meM hI samApta ho jAtA hai| kucha utkRSTa udAharaNa dekhie: Iya bAraha bhAvaNa suvaNa sujhAvaNa, bhaSAvi vajIvaI pariNata dulahu mayattaNa dhammapavittaSa dasa divihi marisu kavi kI bhASA kA pravAha vividha dRSTAntroM aurauvAroM kI subamA, zabdo pitva pradhAnatA, dhavanyAtmakatA tathA AlaMkArikatA aura nAdi kAvya kaula isTavya hai| kucha cune hue udArama isa prakAra hai jinameM jIva, karma jJAna, saMsAra va naraka ke varNana hai(1) jima tuha madhu ravidhA bisaya samRdhihi, 'tima jai mini hoI jIya bA ziva ukkaNiya karayakaThina puranara muha agu ani haya, so dhAna kannaDa bAhida (2) (2) majana karaNe svata, paImAriya nighaNa baMtu iMca roga moga iha vidura deDa, akkAsavi vacasi muccagehiM (27) (3) Arambha kare biNu jIva biheviNa viviha vA hi kima sahasi bIya salasatA saMpaI higaDa kaMpaDa, kA paDizida DhaMbha ku () (4) sammamAhAra nIhAra kamavalI, jumana kumAsa mInAra vimbara * nigamoSAnnuma paba mIDivo, Amire jIva, bIvavAvaripIDiyo (1) patale aura bar3oM kA sAtha bAra kI mayakhA, aura karma kI sthiti Adi janakA varNana karane ke madhura bhanyoM meM kiyA hai| do kA pravAha bAkAritA mAthi kA varNana samTana (1) homa boya gayo, biTavAsIya vagamo bogIkono mato gAva ma mana akAlI baThanoM (4) bhivA paukiya pati koko, bAni mani rayama hariyAla haya hiMgulI kahA yanmiyo, sapara satyeka zikaveti thiyo (7) mIra nIrava milabArekha bA. hA sApa vima mahureNa zizira ummeba mahAvi visiva kA pavana pavameNa nihiNijja blmvaa|

Page #748
705 (C) anuDhaMkahi bhuskaLa taDaphata, bI nipIDiya jyota rahi juttA iTTara sahayaDaMtu bacAvali pakkA kaDha kamaMtu (9) katthaya paNa gagara mAri opi ra sibati sUliya vidhosi tyaya niyama bAi mohi, mannatya ho pAimosi (10) maaimuvi dIhara roga soga, dAlida parAbhavAvippajoma caharaNa parama cAraya 'niroha saDiyAI paravadhi vivaha doDa' isa prakAra pUrA kAvya inhI nIti pradhAna bhAvanAoM ke AvaraNa kI zikSA meM pUrA huA hai|iNj kI gAthA ke kAma ko prArambha kara kavi ne saMsAra kI nazvaratA aura karma vipAka kA spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai| kavi ne yaha kAvya kyoM likhA yaha kaThina hai| kavi ne 12 bhAvanAoM- bhasaraNa, saMsAro, egayA, annataMasuitaM, Asava, saivaro, nindharA, navamA, lomahAmo, bodhisya dutamA,dharma svabhAvo mahaMtaH kA bhI vistAra meM varSana kara kaitika paricama diyA hai| 1- pakaDiyaH prastuta racanA meM kavi ne kar3avaka (... aura 5) meM eka prakAra kA 2,4 aura 5 meM dUsarA chaMda aAha -papaDiya - karamata karaha mamacAri ThAI babi baMda boDara mAgAI baDa padika matta bAda ema pAri pAya pandhayika isa prakAra isa maica meM 4 baramahara balama, aura haraeka maNa meM cAra pAmAra hai| balsina mA yopara hai kI sthiti .. bA... aura 5 meM yaha bArA gAva ki mahA maadi| +miti bAra baraparaeka caraNa meM 4 gaNa aura samAna mAtrA kama mana kI sthiti - ataHisa chaMda ke midiimagemila hai : sambhavataH yaha / vahI hai| zAstrIya maka vizika vivi pari simmamA

Page #749
706 paJca guru ipaNa lahu kuru mamaNA ettha sahi candapuhi vIsa lahu mAlaNA kambabara sappa paNa chanda gisipAlamA _(kAvya kAla-prAkRta piMgala sUtrANi) isake anusAra vikSipAla chada meM harapaka caraNa meM 20 mAtrA tathA 5 pAca mAtrAoM ke 4 gaNa hote hai| pahale gaNa meM sthiti - aura aMtima meM . . hotI hai| sandhi kA chanda dekhie: isa abho / yabhita / sAra tame / pAiyo Ami go| lekhaka / meDinu / chAo (1) .-patA- 1 yaha da pratyeka kar3abaka kI antima kar3I meM hai| stuti aura kAvyArambha isI chaMda se huA hai| isake lakSaNa isa prakAra hai piMgala kai bichaDa cha rakdina parata malva bArAdi kara kA matva batta maNa mevi pAja ma timi tiSi bari padama dasa vIsAmo bIe batAI achAI tIe teraha viraI pattA mattAI bAsahita isa mada meM do carama hai para ke donoM chaMdoM meM cAra caraNa hote hai ataH pattA divapadI kA prakAra hai| sara ke anya lapavI prakAra / eka baraNa meM 4 mAtrAmoM ke mana lAmAmA maiN| isa bAdhAra para Reii kaura pUrI kar3I meM 12 mAvArya hogI zAdI bIna gati bhii| rabArama dekhie: pani gumAyA vizAvara jIpakarabIbA pada mami * // adhna paDiyomA moDa nirogora bhavya pAra visa (1) isa prakAra kI dRSTi se isakI kA mahatva spaSTa hai| jI taka pASA kA prazna AlokoM meM se eka vA apAMva kI kati ThaharAyA hai| parantu vAstava meM aisI bAta nahIca boM kA bAhulya basyApi milatA hai parantu phira bhI gaImavIna dayoM kA samAveza honA pI prArampa ho jAtA haiAtikAlIna racanA hone se apaca kA pramAvaadhika hai| kRti kAvya va sAhitya kI dRSTi sesAdhAraNa

Page #750
707 -- kezI gautama sandhi -- yaha kRti aprakAzita hai tathA ramA kI prati abhaya jaina granthAlaya meM surakSita hai| prastuta kRti kA samaya 15vIM zatAbdI kA uttarAIdha hai|rcnaa kA vRtta dhArmika hai| yA darzana ke siddhAntoM para racanAkAra ne prakAra DAlA hai|is kRti meM mahAvIra ke vimya gautama gaNadhara aura pArzvanAtha ke siddhAntroM ke anugAmI zrI vI kumAra kA bAda hai| donoM ke praboM tathA anya siddhAnDo ga para hI inake pArasparika saMbAda kA kAraNa hai| racanA sAdhAraNa hai tathA prArambhika vo kRtiyoM kI apekSA isameM rAjasthAnI kA prabhAva tathA rAjasthAnI iveM kI adhikatA hai| donoM bhora ke ziSya maMDala eka sabhA karate hai jisameM kevIkumAra ke pUche praznoM kA samAdhAna maNadhara karate hai aura donoM meM sandhi ho jAtI hai| vicAroM kI gadhi meM pArzvanAtha vidhAntoM kA mahAvIra ke siddhAntoM meM parivAra ho jAnA hai| donoM paraspara sahamata ho jAte hai aura isa prakAra pArvanAtha ke pratAdi siddhAnta mahAvIra ke siddhAntoM se samanvaya kara lete haiN| udAharaNArtha kucha matameva sambandhI prazna isa prakAra hai:I" sAdhu samudAya ko zveva jatroM kI mAtrA mahAvIra ne dI thI aura pArzvanAtha meM banI prayoga meM lekara bIdhI- isakA kyA kAma (Vauna kauna se " yA baMdhana kauna kauna " ( ke mAre mAga mI jamIna meM eka veLa ugI hai aura usa mela meM to bArIkoM kA hogA sira miA bAyA uarh-mAkekA vinaash| (4ko ba hIbAsamA na ho? . lAya hI agni hai| (0.mI pakA kA meM ko / uttara - dharma vidhA mI lamAna duvArA batra meM kro (6) mukhya kA sthAna bamati kyA hai|

Page #751
(8) prANiyoM ko prakAza kauna degA? uttara hai:- brahmacarya, satU ahiMsA kA sAdhana karo tabhI jIvana unnayana kI ora bar3ha skegaa| prastuta racanA meM kavi ne donoM ke inhIM praznoM kA saphalatApUrvaka samAdhAna kiyA hai| racanA bar3I sarasa hai| kAvya tathA bhASA pravAha ke adhyayana ke lie kucha udAharaNa dina jAsakate haiN| (1) (2) (*) 708 Near viSa aksahi niya niya guruha bhasesu to nAma yamANI kAraNa jANI sIsaha saMsaya haraNa kara goyama sI saMgha saMjuttaTha kezI, pelebigu bhAvaMDa kusu tima bhASaNa Avari dei, vinayakarI moyama vaDabe (6) --- ---- basi ravi teya sarisa te mohai nimbhala nANa guNe jaga mohai bihu pAvi miliya piksi viNu loya koU hali Avai sapamoya yo puSi saMsaya bhaMjaNa rekhI kara joDe viNu pabhabar3a kaisI jo --- pyAri mahaba vAci payAviya, dehi jayavI jina bhAvika kAca i eka guru sAceva kipi kAravi vima free ara jiya rijAvA, maga riju mahaMtA (12) --- eer assfree vidhedra, kini kArane kyi ni parine dine vivecana koi jIka kyUM mana nizvako ve kA citra kRpA vica ni sa videsa mi niyamana va rAkha vizu vRSi kesahi kevalI jAU dipAka, besa visesa dekhi so baliyA (17) *

Page #752
709 (5) pAsa baMdha bhai mulai toDiya, ApaNa pai mApadaM jivi hoDiu moha pAsa pasaraMta maNe, vara va ragaNa rava macchi deha moha baMdha vApaMta bhUka baMdatta jima kiyai na bujDa bAhu sAha goyama tuhakamA ........ (25) (1) daha bhava visa beli maMDati vidyama yA viharatI vivAha viSatA phala ulamUlI, sA tai goyama kima janamalI mai visa beli bhUla sANi sauhiu, tara ita sevisa mAhina mohita beli kisI pUTA isa kesI taka goyama guru kahai suIsI bhava vima visa veli mAmimbai, vimAbhUla savegi sANijyai jaMjagi visaya pivAsa na DIyA dobi subannakAra bhava paDIyA (30) (7) yama tiNi turramama baDhIu, kihIu mAga na paDiDa mAsa turaMgani dami basi kI tu tiSira bhAga ma lIyA bhAsaksiAu kesi pUchei, tara vasU goyama uttara deha / caMbala citta turaMgama jANau, soi jae kudapI visI AphTha rAmadamI banu timavAsi kIpara jima bhI bandriya mAga na pIpala sAha mAha goyana tui bannA ......... (4) aura isI prakAra satvara pratyuttara atI meM pUrA kAma bA / kavi makara ma mArma, aMbara, sathA peca broM Adi kI sthiti samabhAvAmASA parata hai kyA prAbIma rAvasthAnI bhASA ke prayAsa kI dRSTi se ramA mahatvapUrNa hai|maamaa moyA pannA-bambodhana gIDa bailI meM pUrA kAma basavA hai| saiddhAnika kAyoM meM zrImoma sandhi mAtvapUrNa racanA hai| jisameM kavi ne mIta pani ibArA dhArmika, vargavAra, brama sambandhI bAba dAnika balmoM kA spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai| sarAyana sI aura mausama kA bAda vistAra se mila jAtA hai| mAya bApAlayi rakhA gayA hai bhASA meM apAMva ke ivoM ke sAtha mA boyA kI prAcIna rAjasthAnI bvoM kI hI bahulatA hai|

Page #753
sika bhAkA kAvya

Page #754
710 kka mAtRkA kAvya AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya meM aneka kAvya upadevapradhAna upalabdha hote haiN| kakka aura mAkA saMjJaka racanAeM upadeva pradhAna kAvyoM kI paramparA ke vikAsa meM yoga detI hai| kakka saMjJaka racanAoM kI paramparA kA udbhava prAkRta aura apabhraMza meM mila jAtA hai parantu avacitara raktAvoM meM kvaka, mAtRkA zikSA kI paddhati prastuta kI gaI hai| bAlakoM ko jo Arambhika zikSA dI jAtI hai usakA prArambha kahAM se ho, bAlakoM ko sIkhane meM baralatA ho, tathA avaroM kA sAdhAraNa jJAna unheM yathA sambhava zIghra ho jAya isI uddezya ko lekara ye racanAeM likhI gaI hai| isa prakAra kI racanAeM hamAre sAmane tIna rUpoM meM AtI hai: (1) mAkA (2) kakka (3) bAvanI ina racanAoM kI eka zailI vizeSa hai| kakka bAvanI aura mAtRkA kAvya rUpa ke rUpa meM bhI rUr3ha zailI ke kAvya kahe jA sakate haiN| parantu ina racanAoM ko vesane paira yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki kAvya kyoM kA koI bhI prakAra inake antargata prayukta kiyA jAtA hai| vAstava meM bAvanI kvaka aura mAikA Adi eka hI zabda ke paryAya hai| mahIna kRtiyoM kA ramya mile hai se itara prAcIna rAjasthAnI yA mI varAtI meM isa prakAra kI kaI racanAeM mila bAdI hai| vahI ina racanAoM kI zAdi hone hai|hindii meM mAge calakara aisI hoMgI nAmoM kA nAma baharAvaTa ke rUpa meM pracalita ho gayA : ke bAda se hI likhI gaI hai| aura nAma navamI ke pUrva hI vyakta hotA rahA hogA / devo devI racanAoM kA nAma spaSTa rUpa meM bAvanI milane hai| 1- nAgarI prakAriNa patrikA: varSa 58 aMka 4: saM0 2010 50 428 |

Page #755
711 kavaka mArakA kA dilya jahAM taka ina racanAoM ke hipa kA sambandha hai ye kucha nizcita niyamoM se hI banAI jAtI hai| inake vilpa sambandhI kucha Avazyaka tatva haiM ve isa prakAra hai:1- me racanAeM varNamAlA se prArambha hotI hai| 2 isameM svara aura vyaMjana donoM hai hI vividha padoM kA prArambha kiyA jAtA hai| 3- ina bhAroM meM pratyeka akSara se prArambha hokara (avara anukrama se rakhe hue) 51 varoM vAle 51 pada likhe jAte hai| 4- ye racanAeM vividha chandoM meM likhI jAtI hai|pd kA prArambha pahale se hotA hai jinameM yA to se hotA hai yA prathama svara 5- ina padoM ko kisI bhI kyA ki rAsa kathaI, upadeza tathA nIti pradhAna bastu meM bAMdhA jA sakatA hai| 6- inaracanAmoM ke hipa meM zAma upaveda ke sAtha sAtha nakrokti, kaTAva tathA umra vicAroM kA prakAzana bhI milatA hai| bAlaka ke prArambhika kSaNa kI isake zilpa meM pahale dhyAna rakhA jAtA hai ataH bAlaka sAmAnyata: pahalA vara kisa prakAra yAda rakkhe va kyA yAda rak usI kA pahale vivecana karatI hai| 8- inameM jAvana avaroM kA vistAra hotA hai aura DirekvA mAra parabrama hai| bAvana kAroM kA dUsarA nAma mAikA yA bAvalI hai| 9- isa prakAra ina akSaroM kA jJAna karAne ke lie ina padoM meM kAvyagata saratA kyA athavA nIti kA samAveva hotA hai, jise kaThina viSaya bhI tarala ho bADA hai| 10. imarabanAvoM meM poM ko magaskAra kiyA gayA hai vaha nAma bahudhA klika hotA thA jo Aja bhI bolA jAtA hai| 11- isa prakAra hai OM namo i t- nyre, varSa 5 aMka 19-20 0 494 /

Page #756
712 (svara)- a, A, i, I, u, U, ri (m) rI (O) li, (ka), lI (1) __ e, ai, o, au, a, / (vyajana)- ka.sa.ga.gha,Da0, ba..ja,pha, 1 . Ta,0,5,6,Sa, vatha,da.ca,na, pa,ka, isa prakAra bAvanI meM kula 51 abaroM kA samAveza hotA hai 13. ina racanAoM kI zailI. akSarAnAma se hI prArambha hotI hai ataH isa prakAra kIracanAoM kA eka nizcita kAvya sma ho gayA hai jinameM vividha chando kA samAveza ho sakatA hai| ___ ina niyamoM meM vastuta: kucha apavAdoM kI muSTi bhI huI hai|prvrtii kAvyoM meM 51 akSaroM ke sthAna para 56,57 pada bhI milate hai tathA sAtha hI kakka mAtukA ke sthAna para bAvanI aura isake bAda bAraha bar3I' saMjJaka racanAeM milatI hai| isI prakAra paravartI hindI sAhitya meM aparAkTa' yA karAlaka ramAeM milatI hai| gAyatrI aura kabIrame bhI isa prakAra kI racanAoM kA pUjana yiA paravartI racanAoM meM kaI akSaroM meM bhinnatA bhI milatI hai jine tara racanAoM meM OM mana sighaM (* namo siddhA) avaroM se prArambha hotI hai| bAvaniyoM meM Da. ja ke sthAna para na, ke sthAna para bhaya aura bAke sthAna para ja aura ba (racanA meM kaThinakA kAraNa prayukta kie gae hai| aneka racanAeM aisI bhI hai cino svara prayukta nahIM hora vyaMjana avara hI zukra yo prAdezika bhAvAnoM meM bAmila mATaka aura mahArASpa meM bhI maMgalAvarama aura prArambha mamaH siddham kI hai| paravI kRtriyoM meM dhIre dhIre lelagU meM namaskAra jJaka namaH zivAya: vidayAya namaH mAdi aba diyA aura skina meM sividha rastu kyA mahArAma zrI mahAya nmH| OM namaH diyA jAdi pada isa kAra maMgaLAvaraNa meM prayukta hue hai| isa prakAra kA mAikA bAvanI, bArar3I aura kanaharo sambandhI 1-mAmarIvAlapatrikA barSa 8 4 .2011 pR. 430 2- makSikapadabAvar3I duvArA racita abraavtt| kabIra kA bIjakakaharA *mahImakara varSa 11-1.494 meM zrI amarabandamATAkA ki-dIpApAnabAvanI sAhityazIrSaka lekh| -

Page #757
713 racanAoM kI paramparA 19vIM aura 20vIM zatAbdI taka surakSita milatI hai| jaina meM aMjaina lekhakoM kI hindI rAjasthAnI aura gujarAtI lekhakoM kI lagabhaga 50 bAvaniyAM aura kaI bArasAr3iyAM tathA battIsiyA Adi saMgrahIta hai| jisa para vivaraNa prakAzita ho cukA hai| ataH yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki apAMca meM jo isa sma meM racanAeM milatI hai unameM makka mAtRkA ke nAzika batna bhI nahIM mila paate| ataH yaha kahane meM koI Apatti parilakSita nahIM hotI kika mAtRkA saMzaka ramAvoM kI paramparA ke udbhava kA zreya AdikAlIna inaracanAoM ko hI hai| apara meM yoM spaSTa vya meM isa Azaya kI koI kRti upalabdha nahIM hotI lI nAhaTA jI ne isakA prArambha karane vAlI barNanamalA zaka racanA prathvIndra racita (saM0 1300 ke lagabhaga) mAtRkA prathamAvara dehaka ko hI kahA hai meM isa racanA ko apaca gabdI kI bahulatA se aSaya kI hI mAnate hai parantu vAstava meM yaha prAcIna rAjasthAnI kI kii| sa bhASAoM meM bahuta kama hI antara hai| isalie adyAvadhi upalabdha racanAoM ke AdhAra para yaha kaha dene meM Apatti nahIM hai ki kakka mAtRkA aura bAvanI sAhitya kA zrI gaNeza karane vAlI racanAeM prAcIma rAjasthAnI yA jUnI gujarAtI kI yahI mAtRkA prathamAvara dohaka racanA hai|isaa kI mahatvapUrNa kRtriyoM kA vizleSaNa yahI kiyA jA rahA hai: mAkA prathamAvara dohA praba rakamA satIya zrI pravIna bArA viracita haivIDa abhayahi mitI ramA ko kavi narasa vilAsa kA vividha badAranoM baTAndoM ivArA kavi me rakha, bAra, nara, mArI, kaliyuga, kAma aura vAnanda mAdimira para kAroM meM sadara bAharaNa didha hai| dohA meM hone kA rasa aura prayAsa hai| baDyApi rakhanA apAMca sadoM ke - dina - - - -

Page #758
adhika prabhAvita hai parantu aneka rAjasthAnI zabdoM kA AnA apabhraMza kI uttaravartI sthiti kA spaSTa citra prastuta karate hai| rAmasiMha zani ke grantha pAhu dohA kI mAti hI yaha prandha upadeza pradhAna hai| kavi prArambha meM hI racanA ke rasavilAsa nAma ke sAthaapanA nAma spaSTa kara detA hai| rasa kA citraNa karake kavi ne saMsAra kI mezvaratA kaliyuga kA prabhAva Adi kA spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai| mAlakA prathamAvara dohA ko kavi ne o nA sitha namo siyama ke rUpa meM prArambha kI hai| mASA, bhAva, prabAra, rakSamA bala tathA upadeza va nIti mAdi sabhI imTiyoM se racanA ke kucha udAharaNa die jA ro hai. mAI aksara pUri parivi vara dUjaya deva rama vilAsa bhArapiyA puravi puravi dena baMdholA paNa balla jima jima muhaba aMzu tima tima bolamaji jima, navala mavantara raMgu bAsaMdhiyA giya varSa maNa chaMda vabaharaha kavi nA mehI apAya cha hagi hAdhana pAvibaDa icchA bImAri pari ho kimya bAhiri kArDa aMgAmi kahiyA keliyAmi boebISaNabAi Isaka aba bAbA kA viSaya para zAmila kA avivAhinliA mA pAliyAta ei jina vidhi pAri pani sabamarI kAlina mA pari vikasviti magai ragabaha pUri mAvata citto lipi dina ravivA pAca boI mora lini gagvivAda ki bhAri pAkyiA manA manoraha pUrI ki ki TaMkamAi guNa vAvarIla yA mAja loDara nivakhA kI bAri

Page #759
715 piparaghama laccha ghaNu jama ijjapu tharavAri kaligi basu niviDai paripu mulIDa DaDa aMgo aMgi bhiDahara mi suma munAuM baher3a mavarSagami nArAyaNa kha lAi garNatu tima masyaI samjA tamaI guNA lAmai antu dhanunarisA bIyA salila, sohA malAi banna galyA budai jIviyai sTrAi viNasaha kala basu bani jIki do avaru ki kAjhaM lAparata Dasai aharU bAdhamA maha piknivi SiyahavicAra naha ghaTlA ghara bitiyA aY dizu vivIlIha avalagane vitumha guNa mUri pUrIna sabhIDa mari pari bAsya nara mAmI mAra vidva madhina smiA sAriyA vijA mayama guDa abavaDa parisa zAlaya zItalI patti va ziva zikiya jAna para ravirAti kandhiI manu vA paravAnA gira anuka dina bAriyA hama sirakA mI ki variSana mI vAziI hoI kamA dina vinA bhI bAbA jI kAma piyahi miyamamA mahilA jiyA 1- hindI anuzIlana * varSa : aMka pu. 116 //

Page #760
716 isa racanA meM kavi ne a se ha taka mAtRkA varNana kiyA hai| zrI mohanalAla desAI ne prastuta racanA ko 15vIM zatAbdI kI likhI hai? parantu vAstava meM pRthvI caMda ke guru kA samaya saM0 1278 hai ataH isa kRti kA racanA saMvat 1300 ke pUrva hI kahA jA sakatA hai| racanA kA pratyeka dor3A apane meM svataMtra hai| tathA mAtRkA ke niyamoM kA frers kiyA gayA hai| anta meM kRtikAra ne apanA nAma spaSTa kara diyA hai| kuti kI bhASA apabhraMza bahulA rAjasthAnI hai parantu apabhraMza kA uttaravartI rUpa spaSTa hai / 12vIM zatAbdI kI sabhI racanAoM meM apabhraMza kA prabhAva isI prakAra milatA hai| 2 : samyakatvamAI caupara : 14vIM zatAbdI meM samyaktva mAI cApai racanA prApta hotI hai| racanAkAra jagadU hai / kRti kA racanAkAla saM0 2331 ke pUrva hai| jagadU jinezvarasUri ke ziSya the| kRti meM kavi ne svayaM apanA paricaya diyA hai: tAsAmiti capaI baMdhu kiyata, mAitaNau heDa maI niyau jagaDU bhaNai baMdhu jayatu sameLa * upara AgalA kiMpi bha zrImaMbara aser pari radda, gaMva vihi maMdira kavi ka jinevara sUri miMr3a jA ravi umar3a UgaDa roDa * racanA meM pUrI varNamAlA svara vyanjana sahita varNita hai prastuta kRti kA racanA zilpa ThIka vaisA hI hai jaisA saM0 1327 meM rakhe hue eka saptadevI rAi ke lekhaka kI kRti mAtRkA paha kA / yaha bhI bahuta sambhava hai donoM kavi eka dUsare se prabhAvita rahe hoN| kavi ne kAvya meM 62, 63 64vI kar3iyoM meM apanA paricaya diyA hai| mAikA kAyara aura samyaktva mAi bIca donoM kRtiyoM ke prArambha meM grAmya mila jAtA hai| 1- baiga garna kaviyo movAI 50 1477 bhAga 3 bA0 2 200 kA sI0DI0078-8 3- vahI pada (61-13) /

Page #761
717 samyaktva mAI caupara meM kavine samyakatva kA mAtRkA zailI meM vizleSaNa kiyA hai| samyaktva mAI kapa meM kavi jinavacana ko mahatva kama spaSTa karatA hai usakA upadeza jana jIvana ko samyakatva dvArA hI Upara uThAnA spaSTa hotA hai| mAtRkA caDhapara aura samyakrama mAI caucaI donoM kI mUla bhAvanAoM kA tatvataH virodha prArambha meM hI dekhA jA sakatA hai: samyaktva- male maI mAI puri joDa dhammada mUlaja samita hoi samatu viNu jo kriyA karei tArAha lo himIka coi wards lohi nIru ghAi se samyakatva kA mahatvakavi prastuta karanA vADhatA hai jabaki mAtA bauvaDa meM kavi isa AdhAra ko nahIM mAna jina vacana para hI jora detA hai: bhale bhalefor antas bha, tihuyaNaM nAhi sAru etAM jina nija bacana jagaha AdhAra itIu mUkli avara aspAru vastutaH donoM kRtiyoMkA saiddhAntika antara pUrNatayA spaSTa hai| racanAkAra ne 64 kar3iyoM meM caraNai chaMda meM pUrI sacanA likhI hai| kavi ne UM se hI prArambha karake a se lekara 5 taka kI varNamAlA ko padyoM meM bAMdhA hai| kAvya kI dRSTi se racanA koI mahatvapUrNa nahIM hai| pUrA kAvya upadeza pradhAna hai|kvi vividha inTAntoM aura aMtarkathAoM dvArA una dhArmika samma jainiyoM kA dhArmika siva va vAcanA kI aisI sthiti hai jo anekoM taka tapa va viDiyA dvArA hI prApta hotI hai| pUre kAvya kavi isI taraha dAma mahimA kA veda, pAtra kupAtrakA IDarIka bajakumAra, khAne, basarasvAmI jaMbUsvAmI Adi kI antarkathAoM dvArA samyakatva kA mahatva spaSTa karatA hai| kavivAna mahimA aura paMca paramezvara tathA mAtra kumAna meda prathA mama ke mAvi kA svaSTIkaraNa nahIM hI sarala bhASA meM hai: karatA hai udAharaNa mAtakA: get mA cAdaha pumbada jo samudUdhaka vAI kArabAhI ghar3I hAra gaTa kAma paTe, paDiya mAhi vAhane isa pyAtu karahi prasamma baMda jima vidhijiMti (4)

Page #762
718 Agama kyA paMcamai araha, kevala nA prabhava huiparaha isai kAli samikata iDha citta te nara jANe jagaha pavitta iNa bhavi paramavi suraku lekhaka bataguru tarNau kyaNu pAleDa ) vItarAma kA vaMdisi pAya, uDai pApa hoi nimmala kAya / sUghauM dAna munihi jo dei, saMgama tapau lAmu molei / 'ridhihi ta lAca jagi leDa, basa ne imhi dhana vAvaha dInA dAnaha nAma joi supAtri dInhai bahu phala hoi rItihi dAnaha nathI nivAra, ucita dAna dojai savivAra lihiya gAmi loDai sa koi, kupAtra vimuhara sAhasusa hoi khIra ANi jaTha puci dhAtiyai pAtra viseSihi tamu visudhiyA kIDana saMgha sahastaNI kriyA kArDa jA Agami panI (16) vidhi mAraya mAna savivAra jApa jai chUTau saMsAra (11) kavi ne samyakatva ke pAlana karanI zreSTha Apa mahApuruSa jambU svAmI va prabhava taskara saMvAda ko kyA kA mAdhyamaka banAkara racanA ko prabhAvazAlI banAne kA prayAsa kiyA hai| maNai prabhava nava joSaNa nAri pariNiya punna basiNa saMsAri kAma moma mogavi imi samai, govama mahaba le vigaDa payazu caraha somaI vali ki, moharA pATila mAdhisaDa madhuviMda sADasa zasAra, nipani prabhava goi vicAra bagu piMDAva sabalu bare guTa viSa pitaraha piMDa ku veDa ravipati bApaTa naI bali kiyA nAbA taka nA kina piyA mahArA nAma kyA prati prAyu pAbhalI ti (49) kaSi ne kimAna veSTA ke mahatva ko spaSTa kiyA hai| sevana mimA boknu cinasAThI rahA, jagaha mAha dhUlibhalIi lAi WDa rAkhina ipi vAri, amapradhAna joDa samma vidyAri mA bhAra jima jAti mIra sIDa jo pAlo mara dhIra

Page #763
719 kavi ne apanI racanA meM tAlArAsu aura lakuTA rAsu kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai parantu striyoM ke lie yaha rAsa varjita kiyA gayA hai:- kavi ne isa saMbandha maiM saptakSetrI rAsa kA virodha kiyA hai| saptakSetrI rAsa (saM0 1327) meM donoM rAma Ananda sUcaka hai para jagaDU donoM kA virodha karatA hai: saptakSetrI: pIche vAlA rAsa paThai bahumATa par3hatA ana lakuTArasa jIiI belA nAcatA sulalita vANI madhuri sAri jina guNa gAryatA bAla mAmu chaMda gIta bela, vAjiva vAjatA samyaktvamAI: * ias fafe afafeDi jApati, maMdira paTha nisidina karata vAlA rAhu ramaNi kathana nahi dei, uDA ra mUlaha vAreha vastutaH pUrI kRti meM kAvyAtmaka utkRSTatA nahIM hai| kRti sAdhAraNa hai tathA upadeza va nIti pradhAna hai| bhASA kI dRSTi se isa kRti kA mahatva spaSTa hotA hai| jagahU ne racanA ko subodha aura sarala banAne ke lie isameM aneka lokoktiyoM, muktiyoM nItivAkyoM aura upamAoM kA prayoga kiyA hai| vikRti meM kAvya kaula va racanA camatkAra nahIM ke barAbara hai parantu kaI sUktiyAM kAvya ko lokapriya va sarasa banAne meM yoga dIta hai: (1) vA kohi mI pAcheha (2) sahiyaM jagi loDhai sa koDa, kRpAlu bisahara vA hoi bImA (3) ugama ra (4) gala jAvu ni (5) zramika jai lAi saMsAra jAne hurI paTTI bhaMDAra (6) guru vAnitA visuTha sarei, suguru vANika Ama kare prAviva pAtra viseviti ta bisu thiya ma kimai gAvaDI bhavi mavi lAmaha tinaha timI, bI pAlai so nara dhIra

Page #764
720 (7) manu mayagala ama dhyAnakara ti, prasanna caMda jimasidhihi jati (c) dhana ji guru pArakara karati guru viNa samakA kimaina iMti (9) acchai moha caraNu imi samai, samakti na rayaNa na lAbhai kimA (10) vidhi mAraNa mAna avivAra, gAuM jai chUTa saMsAra (11) oyA vIsaI bahuta gamAra maha tabhI na pUchaI pAra vastuta: ukta udAharaNoM se racanA kI sarasatA aura lokapriyatA kA anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai| 14vIM zatAbdI meM isI prakAra kI kaI kRtiyAM milatI hai jo kAvyakI iSTi se sAdhAraNa mahatva kI hai para bhASA aura kakka mAtukA zailI tathA chaMdoM kI dRSTi se mahatvapUrNa hai| ye kRtiyA nIti pradhAna hai tathA dharma pracAra ke lie hI likhI gaI hai| varNamAlA ke 52 akSaroM kA samyak vinIDa hone se isaracanA kA nAma bhAtukA bAvanI bhI milatA hai|at: mAtRkA bAvanI va sambakatva pAi bAI donoM eka hI racanA ke do paryAya hai| isa prakAra samyak darzana tatya kI pratIti, zraddha, tathA vastu kA samyak bodha Adi sabhI mo kA darzana yaha rakA karatI hai| jaina dharma ke siddhAntoM kA ina racanAoM dvArA pUrA pUrA prabAra kiyA gayA hai| 'missaMdeha kAma aura dharma donoM hI inTiyoM meM aisI racanAce mahatva pUrNa hai| -

Page #765
: mAtRkA: 721 mAtRkA caupar3a -: ****** yaha racanA prakAzita hai| kRti kA racanAkAra ajJAta hai| isI kI samakAlIna eka racanA samyakSetrI rAkhna milatI hai| donoM kRtiyoM ke Adi anta meM paryApta sAmya hai ataH yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki saMbhavata: donoM kRtiyAM eka hI lekhaka kI rahI hoNgii| saptakSetrI rAhu aura mAtRkA pas kA paraspara sAmya dekhie: saptakSetrI savi arihaMta namevI, siddhari unakAya panara karma bhUmi sADU tIi paNamiya pAya savi arihaMta namivi siddha sUri uvajjhAya sADU guNa mUri isI prakAra anta meM bhI paryApta sAmya hai| pUrI racanA caupara chaMda meM hai| racanA kakka paddhati yA zailI meM likhI gaI hai| mAtRkA isakA mUla akSara hai| hara eka mUlAra se padma prArambha hokara kSa taka gayA hai| isa racanA meM nahIM hai tathA Da0.jala kI rAjasthAnI rUpa ko kavi ne mAnyatA dI hai| OM namo sidUdha se lekara pUrI 64 chaMdoM meM likhI gaI hai| mAtRkA caba bhI va gAI bala kI bhAMti nIti aura upadeza pradhAna hai jisameM kavi ne karmavAda ke siddhAnta para saMsAra kI nazvaratA, mana kI caMcalatA evaM mahoM ke jIvana jAdi para prakAza DAlA hai| racanA kI bhASA vIra nAkArikatA tathA kAvyAtmakatA ke kucha sthala dekhie: (1) mana caMcala je avica karaI, jiraha Apa sira Upara ima kasAya udIya aMbaraI, te siva nabari ti saMcara 1- prAcIna gurjara kAvya saMgraha- 074 - ApanA kaviyo : zrI ke kA0 zAstrI pR0 187 189 /

Page #766
(2) iNi saMsAri dUSa maMDArI, laina jIvakAya dhama gAri vIta rAgi caM Agami kahIu, karetA jiyaNa mAvana sahIu joiDa Agama taphala vicAra pAcchai bhArina parata bhaMDAru uppala dasa upari jima nIka se uMcA jIva sarI upara sive bhAvanAnIri vAsaru nohI jima bAharai sIri suguranI jAna vilagIkarI, jAna jIva pava sADasatarI aMtu na lAmaI iha saMsAra kAI tu jIva hiina vicAra (8-15) anuprAsa kA nirvAha dekhiye:(3) pari para hiMDisi jIva apAhu jar3a na namiti jinu viDUala nAi jina dham viNU sA nahIM saMsAri, avara ramAli dIsa mana hAri (4) jaga guru jaga ramaNa jaga nAhu jaga baMdhana jaga sathavA jaga vAraNa jiu jaga AdhAra jipa vidhu bhari nahIM bhava pAsa (10 (1) thara thara paI kAyara rista, devIra bhUmivara mAta pIrA satva jai jApa, pAlaI bIca sIra jina bhAva (1) mahAni mAraI te ami dUra ve mArIyaI mahAni ke bhUra pIrA gumaTa khasTabaha bhArIra mA nA nIbaI meM kavirA bAya kI pAti garamAna karake kati samApta karatA hai:maMgA ra viparita maI milI * vividha kari ubakAya

Page #767
723 maMgala kara sADunA pAya jA sasi sUru bhUyaSu vyAppati jA graha nakSatra tArA huMti jA varatai vasuha vyApAka tI siva lacki karau maMgalAcArU isa racanA ke zabdoM meM tatsamatA spaSTa parilakSita hotI hai- mahimA, nAnA vidhi, jinabhavana rUpa pakSa pustaka kSetra mUrti prasAda Adi aneka zabda hai| pUrI kRti sAdhAraNa hai aura jana bhASA kA eka nItipUrNa upadeza pradhAna kAvya hai|

Page #768
724 saMvegamA kA -------- 14vIM zatAbdI kI eka aisI hI racanA saMvega mAtRkA hai| racanA 61 kar3iyoM kI hai aura zrI dalAla ne saM0 1350 ke tAr3apatra dvArA isa kA pATha prApta kiyA thaa| saMvega mAtRkA bhI mAtRkA bailI meM hI likhI gaI hai tathA puniyoM ke lie, dharma pracArArtha isakI racanA huI hai| racanA sAdhAraNa hai| bhASA meM pUrva prApta kRtiyoM kI bhAMti pata pravAha hai parantu kAvyAtmakatA kA abhAva hai| isa racanA kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA yaha hai ki kavi ne isameMzUnya (0) kA bhI mUlyAMkana kiyA hai| racanAkAra mAtRkA kA prArambha vindu (0) se hI karatA hai| racanA caupa chaMda meM likhI gaI hai| zUnya kA mahatva pratipAdana dekhie: mI paNI kima kavi kahai mIMDA viNu saMsAra ju mamai mIMDA vaNIa ja evaDa vakti 2 mIMDa dhyAtA hua ja mukti isa prakAra kavi ne zUnya ko mukti yA sAdhya batAyA hai ki kisa prakAra binA zUnya kI sAdhanA ke saMsAra pramaNa karatA hai| kucha udAharaNa isI taraha ke iSTavya hai, jinase spaSTa hotA hai ki kRSi kA bhASA kI dRSTi se bhI koI bahuta parivartana spaSTa nahIM hai racanA sAdhAraNa hai| bhASA meM anya kRtiyoM kI bhAMti navIna rUpoM kA vAgamana aura tatsamatA kI ora mukAva mAtra lagatA hai| bhale maga jAta paramattha ika kavi saMgraha satyu 1- prAcIna jaina bhADAgarIya grantha sUcI: zrI sI0DI0 dalAla, pR0 189-90 2- vahI /

Page #769
725 eha jaNe viNa lA liyA niya viDhatyu ghapa dhammi diu pUrI kRtti dharma pracAra kI dRSTi se likhI gaI hai|rcnaa meM apakSa ke zabdoM kA prabhAva spaSTa lakSita hai parantu adhikAza vatsama tathA rAjasthAnI hai| anta meM kaSi maMgala gAna karatA hai tathA racanA kA zrAvakoM ke lie racane kA apanA maMsavya spaSTa karatA hai:. maMgala mahAsiri sara saMdhu, jasu bhASa devaha alaMDa uvasami sa saMvegihi racI, bahuyAlI sAbaya muNi rasi

Page #770
sAlipadra kkk| kavi padama viracita eka sundara kRti sAlimA kakka upalabdha hotI hai| jo adyAvadhi upalabdha kakka mAtRkA saMjJaka kAvyoM meM utkRSTa racanA hai| prastuta kRti ne aba taka prApta lagamaga racanAoM se yaha zilpa gata bhaura vastugata navInatA prastuta kI hai| zilpa gata vaibhinmaya se tAtparya racanA kI makka paddhati se hai| kavi ne svara vyaMjana kA kramazaH varNana nahIM kiyaahai| isameM pratyeka vyaMjana ko do do bAra akAra AkAra lagA lagA kara likhA hai|saath hI koI bhI svara varNana paddhati meM grahaNa nahIM kiyA gyaa| yathA ka kA, sasA, ga gA, gha ghA .... Adi paddhati se pUrA kAvya liyA hai| donoM aura sa eka hI sa sA meM cale hai| racanAkAra paDma kA samaya nizcita nahIM milatA parantu bhASA aura antaraMga pramAnoM ke AdhAra para saM0 1658 ke Asa pAsa hI nizcita kiyAgayA hai| kyoMki yA racanA jinaprama kI racanAoM ke sAtha likhI milatI hai|' pUrA kAvya vedohA chandoM meM likhA gayA hai| rakhanA zrI dalAla ke saMgrA meM prakAzita hai| ___racanA kA kyA zilpa kAvyAtmaka hai|puurii racanA meM zAlimA apanI mAtA ko saMsAra ko chor3ane kA upadeza deza mA rame saMyama aura vairAya kI visivA pUrNa sthitiyoM ko banAtI hai parantu usakA mu iyoM se uttara 3 dekhA hai aura na mA ko use dIkSA kA Adeza denA par3atA hai| pAribhadra batahI sarasa dRSTAndroM aura babAharaNoM me mA ko saSTa karatA hai aura jIvana kI missArakhA samAtA hai| pUrA kAmba uttara pratyuttara belI meM liyA gayA hai| pAlimA aura usakI bhI pArasparika praznottaroM meM kavi ne karma, sAra, jIba, matva, kalAdimI kA sundara milekana kyiA hai|bstu pUre kAvya ko saMvAdakAya kahA jA skyaa| - - - - - - 1. prAcIna varSa samma /

Page #771
727 maMgalAcaraNa kara kakka paddhati va apane nAma kA kavi prArambha meM hI paricaya detA hai: mali maMjaSu kammA ribala vIranADu paNameva use es kakkarakariNa lAlipada guma kei ka kA, khakhA, ga, gA, ghara Adi isI navIna kakka paddhati ko isa prakAra dekhA jA sakatA hai: terrea vIritha pavara je jAga puri samahAna aroge reet es so saMjama sotANa gArava vajjiu vinnava kAiu maga mAi as maulas a prataliyAM tumhaha pAya pasAI camakuMkuma caMdaNa ra siNa tu tapu vAsi uvaccha are etes kima sahiSi bhUmi gaMgAjala baccha cAnaka pIliyA paMca saI saMdama sUrihi sIsa sADu mAi dussaha sahaI parisa dharmma jagIsa racanA ke mAtA putra saMvAda ke sarasa bhAva pUrva upadeza tathA vairAgya pUrNa vicAra tathA isa saMsAra kI nazvaratA sambandhI evaM saMyama ke mahatva kA pratipAdana karane vAle kucha sthaloM kA paricaya dRSTavya hai| jisameM kAvya kI uttara pratyuttara saMvAda bailI kA spaSTa prayoga milatA hai|puurii rakhamA dohA doM meM likhI hai| varNana AlaMkArika zrI spRhaNIya hai| ukti kA anUThApana kRti ko sarasa banAne meM pUrNayoga detA hai| bAra samudraes bhAgala, mAiti saMsa saMjama vahama hI ta kim na mai pAsa (5) mI kahatI hai / manivArI varSa kI bhAMti yama gaNa bhI prANa hara letI hai prApti bar3I kaThina hai| virivi mule va bahumullu yA rikSA prANacara saMjaya bhara sa tulla (44) kA itara iSTavya :- he mI aise hai ki karavaTa besira kaTavAle aura kathIra kI prApti ho : saMsAra ke isa bar3e nArakIya hai| ye sukha

Page #772
728 phaDijja karavata siri pAijjai katthIrU mAi dukkha nAraya sumiu maha udUdhasaI sarIpha (45) isI taraha suSThuktiyoM meM pUrA kAvya calatA hai| kucha sundara kAvyAtmaka udAharaNa aura dekhie : na vivara lijjai vasNapaNi sAlimada sukumAla maha kula maMDaNa kula tilayakula paIva kula bAla nAI gavvihiM kula tAI pAvijjai bhava cher3a mAi marIci bhava miTha vadudhamANa jiNudeu chaNa mai lakSNa samavayaNa tuDha majjA battIsa te vilavaMtI pema bhari kima kariti kula Isa chAU jema uDDai sayalu aMta urU ghara sAru mAi jIva jaDa saMcarai chaDe viNu DhaMDhArU sues putta su citti mahu putta vihUSiya nAri vizvas muccara iha sahai dImI paracara bAri (prazna) (24) ThAmiThAmi jina DiDiTa mava varAsI lakta --- (prazna) (9) nama kapyUriti pUriyA datta yA nArAyana baMdha nimi ats for a sa (uttara) (10) (prazna) (14) mAi ji sahiyA maraya dui brADa kujA saMga (uttara) (15) Sarfe vaibhava kA lobha bhI detI hai| varNana kI prasAdikatA iSTavya hai:des bagara vara putva bIsa gharIjjaDa cha maNi sahAsana banataM kiSi kAraNa vyacittu are vilaga mAi gaDa vipuri rajjahare ki bokA vA kara vIra li rahi na mavaDa kisi (uttara) (15) komala kesa, kima uddhariti asa hi divi diki bAlu mAi sugama sukumAla (41) ---

Page #773
729 tos paNoraha pUji sahaM, sajjaNa hosii sosu, naMdaNa tu thAisisama paDa mahukamma dos bAsa sAsaveyaNa pamuhavAhi mAita mUla jIvatehiM dhaMdholiyaDa uDDai jima lahU tula isa prakAra pUrI racanA kathAtmaka paddhati meM zAlibhadra ke caritra se sambandhita hai| zAlibhadra saMyama kI utkRSTatA dvArA amara ho jAte hai| pUrA kAvya sarasa dohA chaMdoM meM saMyama va Adarza caritra kI mahatta spaSTa karatA hai tathA jaina varzana ke anusAra karmoM ke baMdhana nazvara saMsAra aura naraka ke vividha dukhoM kA tathA kAminI kAMcana ke spaSTa citra prastuta karatA hai| racanA kakka paddhati kI hote hue bhI savAya sarasa hai /

Page #774
730 hA mAtRkA isI kavi padama kI eka dUsarI isI prakAra kI racanA dUhA mAtukA hai| yaha racanA kakka ba bhAtukA zilpa kI dRSTi se sAlimadada kakka se bhinna hai| isameM kavi ne paramparAnusAra oMkAra se prArambha karake va taka varNana kiyA hai| racanA choTI parantu sarasa aura AlaMkArika hai|anek dRSTAntoM ko kavi ne mAlA kI bhAti piro diyA hai| kavi ne akSaramAlA kA krama isa prakAra rassA hai:. OM namo sindha - a, A, i, I, u, U, ri, rI, li, lI, e, ai, o, aura, , , ka, kha, ga, gha, Da0, ca, cha, ja, ma . Ta, Tha, Da, ba, pa, ba, tha, da, dha, na, pa, pha, ba, , ma, ja (ya), ra, la, va, sa(ja), sa. kavi ne Da0vi ko navi aura ko naha ke rUpa meM rakhA hai| ke sthAna para kavi ne batya sakA hI prayoga kiyA hai| kRti kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA isakI sarasatA aura AtaMkAriktA apayaza gata kAvya saundarya isameM jyoM kA tyoM parilakSita hotA hai| kAvya meM camatkAra sarvatra vidyamAna hai| kavi ne ise dharma mAtRkA nAma bhI diyA hai| pUrA kAvya dohA chedoM meM likhA gayA hai|kvi ne racanA kA prArambha jagata guru praNAma meM hI kyiA : kAriNI uccarara, para miTigI bhavakAsa siba maMgala sApakaro, vAivi nAlyAsa saMsAra kI nazvaratA, mana ko sivAna, viSaya kasAyoM sebacane ko saMyamatrI kA mahatva sthA sAMsArika sukha vaibhava vikAsa kI nIrasatA sambandhI kucha umTAmba kA kAvyAtmaka sarasa sthaloM aura bhAvapUrNa niyoM ko dekhie(1) bavA parikA doSa parAmA mUDha miva bola pA barisa, bavi kArisa mUDha (7) - - - 1- prAcIna aura ganya mA zrI kAla 067 /

Page #775
731 (28) (2) Isaru deksiTa koi naru nINi maNi meha, para na jANai mUDha jila, jagu bAviyarDa hunei (10) (3) uppala dala jala viMdu jiva, tina ca ta kacchi paNa devaMtA jAisae vA mana melata Achi (11) (4) ekahi gAvi vasaMtar3A, ekA aMtaka hoi ahi DaMki mahiyA marae, maNi jIvai sahakoDa (10) (5) caMdUpala kiraNe hitahi, dUrahiyA visavi (20) (8) aMghau aMdha tANiyae, kavaNu kahesai mANa kevati para nimbANigaDa, dhamma mataMtari bhagae (21) (7) caMcala citta parvagu jima, vaya baMdhana na dharesi dhammArAmi vivAsiyA, mUDhA itya malesi (e) nai vaDamAthi saSaNa jala, mukkaha imara bahAva vAyara baDhai ridhiDI, bhagUgaNa nighaNa thAi (42) (9) paDhiu gaNita yata taviu, saMjamu vila cirakAla lai kasAya mavi vasi kara si, DA saha iMDiya jAla (4) (10)jasi pavatiya amu bezi puSi, nA gAvi di kamya hAvi viDiyamama, vAhana nirvadi (4) (1)re bAga mammeSa bahi, nA gambhUti palAya kane kA pakki sara, kyaNa parAi bAsa (49) (12)vana amuka deha , bari jima koDa vidyA bhAva na mubaha giva mA nAva puraskA gADa (56) isa prakAra pAra bosa kI mAsi yaha rakhanA bhI apanA AdhyAtmika mahatva rakhatI haivana gariko thApAmA apara bahasa rAjasthAnI yA jUnI gujarAtI hai| rakhanA barasa mA kAmbAraka hai|

Page #776
732 8 kAkanaci caupara 15vIM zatAbdI meM deva sundarasUri ziSya viracita eka kakka paramparA kI kRti kAkavaMdhi caupas upalabdha hotI hai| racanA copAI chaMdoM meM hai tathA pUrI kRti 69 kar3iyoM meM likhI gaI hai| kavi ke viSaya meM kucha bhI pramANa nahIM miltaa| kyoMki racanAkAra ne kRti ke prArambha meM hI devasundarasUri kA pada namana karatA hai| ataH yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki racanAkAra koI devasundara sUri kA ziSya hI rahA hogA / pUrI racanA kakka paddhati meM likhI gaI hai| aura isakI paddhati bhI sAlima kakka kI mAMti ka kA, kha khA, ga gA, Adi haraeka vyaMjana ko dubArA prastuta karane kI hI hai| kAvya kI dRSTi se 15vIM zatAbdI kI racanA hone para bhI kRti bahuta mahatva pUrNa nahIM lagatI bhASA ke kSetra meM isakA avazya mahatva parilakSita hotA hai| kakka paddhati kA kavi ne phila nirvAha kiyA hai| kucha udAharaNa dekhe jA sakate hai: vara citti nAma evaDA vitti akSurasi pUriya ghar3A parata ju cAbhi pahana jir3a, caDhai sikhA navi par3ar3a iku biMdu bAet gefa ubara navi hor3a dI pAtri dAna gare vIra thAla dI saMgama vAlida soi timada (4-5) prastuta racanA mI dharma pracArArtha kisI gaI hai jisameM kIma jaise saMyamI puruSoM kyA jinavara, arihaMta deva dharma vAdi para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| mUle mana ko sivAvana Qi dharma karane kI ora preraNA, saMsAra kI sthiratA tathA karmoM kI gati para vividha dRSTAntoM dvArA prakAza DAlA gayA hai| mana ko sikhAvana dekhie: karata dharma mana mUlA umara mAnasa mana koI bAli nigama dAna kI tapamAna sAra, guru vayaNa pAlA savicAra 1- ApaNa kaviyo bhI ke0vA0 zAstrI pR0 293 1 nhiiN|

Page #777
733 kAi ju dIjaha dAna, vihI 'citavai navi abhimAna citvi virita pati hi sabi adha, so zreyaM saI lIlai laddha (2-1) guru kA mahatva, dharma kI mahatA, karmoM ke dukha, aura jinavacana ratnoM kA AkhyAna vividha dRSTAntoM tathA AlaMkArika uktiyoM ivArA spaSTa kiyA gayA hai virSana dRSTavya hai: samarasa rAtri divasa mani dharma, dharma samau mana chaMDaLa ama rAmA dharma cihaMgati isa dharma lAi pAmI jai mukhya sAyara maryAdA puma rahAi caMdasUra gayapi saMbaha kuzala paMca te di AcAra soi sahaguru ibhava vicAra hiva guru jApa so saMsAri jeDa guru para vicAra pAla me patAvA goDa, para guru bAbaI bhAko hAghi bani vidyamaNi ratna vaha kAmaha jiNa bara bacana jinavara deva dharma guru bAdha. aura samami barAI mana sana eka mana kA mAra rAi, bira nirva to mA vimara nikAla kA pumari baharANa (4-68) rabamA kA mahatva mA kI saratamA kI dRSTi se spaSTa ho jAtA hai| apabhraMza kI

Page #778
734 ukAra bahulA pravRtti lagabhaga samApta prAyaH hai| utsama zabda kI adhika prayukta hue hai| niSkarSataH 68 kar3iyoM kA yaha kAvya sAvata: bahuta mahatva pUrNa nahIM hai| sAdhAraNa hI hai| anTApada tIrtha vaavmii| bhaSTApada dIrtha bAvanI bAvanI saMzaka racanAoM meM sabase pahalI saM0 1485 ke AsapAsa kI racanA hai jo aprakAzita hai|rcnaakaar zrI jayasAgara hai|aadikaaliin hindI jaina sAhitya ko jayasAgara ne lagabhaga 40 racanAeM pradAna kI hai| jisameM aneka stotra, stavana, kalA, vInaMti, namaskAra, rAsa, Adi kAvya sma saMzaka racanAe~ hai| kakka, mAtRkA paramparA meM yahI eka aisI kRti hai jo bAvanI mAma se likhI milatI hai|yoN adyAvadhi upalabdha kakka mAtRkA saMjJaka racanAoM meM bAvana akSaroM kA varSaya vidhAna so milatA hI hai parantu unakA nAma spaSTa rUpa se bAvanI nahIM miltaa| __anTApada tIrtha bAvanI aisI hI racanA hai jisameM kavi ne pUrva viracita racanAgoM kI paramparA meM navInatA prastuta kI hai|kkk zilpa kI bhAti isameM kavi ne kamA: bhAra (varNamAlA) se prArambha nahIM karake kula 53 padyoM meM hI sArA varNana liyA hai| racanA kI prati va pratilipi abhaya jaina granthAlaya meM surakSita hai| ramanA dhArSika udesya se likhI gaI hai| kavi ne aSTApada tIrtha para yaha mAvanI likhI hai| pUrA gavya dhArSika aura varSa pradhAna hai| kRSikAra meM prArambha meM sarasvatI aura 24 siMDoM kI vandanA kI . eka sarasAda atimya mugAvaviya savIbaha mahaMta zrI sTApada vIra banI bAra vicArataraliyA bhaNI prArambha hI kavi marasa vAkyoM mA vibAlakoM dvArA aSTApada tIrtha kA sajIva paricaya diyA th mAma barabara pati pugindha, mevA mura vidayAravara miSa vidi pAla kI risoDa, puri kiyamaNi dhUma nivesa

Page #779
725 girivara siri bagAU dIha, piDulapyANi duigA lIDa sIha nimijjA mAmiprasAda UM gAva trivi pravAda solasa toraNa mANika ta va bhaka sohAgaNA aTha maMgala solasa sohati je dekhI riviDa morhati cyAri cyAri vihu bAre bhalA bahuM disi mukha maMDapa moklA afe mAgagali maNimaya pIDhiyA mulka ghATa va viDiveDhiyA vahuvari mANika cAya dhUma, sevA sAraI suranara kama (5-10) (15) vasu vari indravajA lahalahas kIrati bharatatanI gaha gahai ka va nAmi vAvaDa toraNa maMDita triNi pAvaDI kavi ne pratimA ke saundarya kA sundara citra khIMcA hai| aSTApaka tIrtha kI zobhA aura pratimA kA asAdhAraNa saundarya zrAvaka zrAvikAoM ko tIrtha ke prati zraca anubhava karAne meM yoga dete hai|vn zailI sarala va atyanta sarasa hai / nAbhi jIbha zrI bahabata pahI, hAtha pAya sala tAThya sahI aMta bhUmi jo kesaha vaNI te upaniya maya sotAmaNI nayana loga locana ati thi kI kI kavilAi naI vi ereft reas mUcha javAna riSTa ratana bar3hiyA kumA sto jisI gharavAlA veti, vaM klI kaTi ko Thi ragADI sovana bhaya rAma, bIca yahI vajramaya taka ThAka rakta rahana maya pratireka, nichehe jAye ki eka vici ilahUnI nai sAmatI, iSTihi dRSTi nirImilI ina parivarikA maI, kaSTApadaviri pratimA huI pratimA pratimA keriti dhAna pratimA iDha mUrti nipA ke pAvara Dhoti racana mai dIsaha bhUma koli dhAra baDhimA ne bAni hemaratana nI nizcala ThApi -4 (23-27)

Page #780
nagara magara sAgara vicha, nara kinara vAnara saramaccha hari kari kesari cAmara citraratana dhama saya sahasa vicitra kaMcaSamaya dhaya daMDa vizAla, rayapa patAkA kiMkiNamAla Upari parama rAu bhakubha, karAI gayaNi vahatA ravi aMma ebaI jiNa haru tAhi mana ramAi saMdhihi saMdhi milI tima kimaha eka piMDa jimi jANai saDU ThIka silA sovana thala ahU (34-37) jimahara vija pratiSThA baMga hA bhaTApada tIratha caMga tIratha bhagatihi lAyaha pudidha hoi subhodaya saMvA iddhi irihi kalimalakara mala jAi kAya vacana mama nirmala thAi isa prakAra pUrI racanA meM tIrtha kA mahatva, mUrti kI pratiSThA karatezvara kA pratimA pUjana va ullAsa tathA pratimA pUjana prabhAva va anya kA varNana hai|rcnaa varNanAtmaka adhika hai|kaavyprvaah gauNa hai| racanA sAdhAraNa hai| anta meM kavi ne bAvana akSara kA spaSTIkaraNa prastuta kiyA hai:jima bAvana avara pAThasAra, naMdIsara bAvana jiNa vihAra tima pAvana pAvana nava vista, duniyamaka nimunA eka vitta kRti kI pASA ramala hai, jisameM kahIM nahIM apAMca padoM kA prabhAva hai aura deva saba rAjasthAnI zabda hai|kRti eka dama sAdhArana hai| niSkarSaH 13,14vIM aura 15vIM zatAbdI maiM ina bakka mADakA aura bAvanI maka racanAoM meM pratinidhi racanAoM kA yahI itihAsa hai|

Page #781
ufgeta tenuta IN

Page #782
727 AdikAlIna hindI ana sAhitya(2) nImakAvya prmpraaeN| pile adhyAyoM meM kAvya ke jina vividha vyoM kI paramparAmoM tathA khatmaka jina itiyoM kA adhyayana liyA gayA hai unake atirikta bhI viziSTa kAvya sa tathA kRSi aura manoga hai| una para viziSTa mahatva hone se ramA prakAroM meM vaividhya kI dRSTi se svatra se vivecana bAchanIya hai| ye racanAeM apane hI prakAra kI hai| bapine saMsthA meM kama hai parantu phira bhI isakA apanA svataMtra mahatva hai isIlie inhe mauna kAbya paramparAeM kahA gayA hai|is kAmoM aura kAma kaliyoM meM to aisI hai ki jinakI paramparA ke prArambha kA zreya kI AdikAla hindI jaina sAhityako viSaya, kalA, marSa gaurava aura vaividhya ko iSTi meM rakhate para mauna kA paramparA ke varga ina kAma spoM para saMdeSa vicAra kiyA bAyA sA hai| isa prakAra isa sAhitya meM vividha kAya paramparAgoM kA bhImameDa yA unnayana hunA hai| kAvya kI dRSTi se ravanAeM * kAvya yA pustaka donoM moSa prApta hai| viSaya kI iSTi meM inakA adhyayana karane para inoM brata, sAdhanA, paktimAna, mala abhinaya, vIryavarmana, tIrthakara varSana bhAgoM kI dIvA mahotsava varNana yA nIti-kama bAdi vargama milaa| jinakA adhyayana rakamAnoM bila jhArA bnaa| ina mAma mA~ga vargIkaraNa isa prakAra riyA vA manA : () bAna rakhanAra, aura (a) vi pradhAna rkhnaa| yAba rhaa| -yoga

Page #783
728 6- mAthA ina racanAvoM para kramazaH bhAge prakAza DAlA jaaygaa| (20 viSaya pradhAna:- dUsarA nApAra hai viSaya ke anusAra kaviyoM ke vargIkaraNa kAAinameM chandoM se itara kevala mAnA kisI bhI chanda vizeSa meM, viSaya kA vivecana karane vAlI aneka racanAeM likhI gaI hai| jinakA nAmakaraNa hAndoM ke mAdhAra para nahIM hokara zilpa ke AdhAra para kiyA gayA hai| aisI ramAoM kA vargIkaraNa nimnAkita vo kiyA jA sakatA hai: viSaya pradhAna racanAeM .. nItipradhAna pArasparika 1-bArahamAsA 1.sthA paramparAmebAra hue 1- bIvana saMbaMdhI - bAbA saMbaMdhI - mahAtmya bana 4- mahAna varNana 5- bIvA bana .aura vArSika banAnoM nAbAdI 5- mAvi pati -bImoDvAra vana 8- vailya paripAThI gata va rgaka pAne vAle ina vividha ramA garoM meM pratinidhi nAeM jo sAhitya ke saMkalpa kisI kaI bAra milane kAvya sauSThava para saMdeSa

Page #784
729 meM vicAra kiyA jAyagA, isa prakAra hai: 1- baitya paripAThI 2- bArahamAsA - paTTAvatI 4- guNavarNana 5- bAva .. misAlA ... lArA 11- bhAdo - gAyaka :- pradhAna rakhanA aura unakA vizlenabhanyoM ko mAdhAra mAnakara kisI kaI ina rasAyoM meM bhI kina ra hai| ina racanAoM kA mAnarama handI bhAcAra para yiA manA hai| pratyeka racanA kiyara kA prayoga ki vAparalasa kina kA bahuta gorakhA se nahIM bAla yiA gayA hai isake apavAda bhI milate hai| vaha mI bhAvani pUrI ramA brssiyo| mAvasya hA bAsI ramAnoM kA prAyaH mila jAtA hai aura samma mAmaloga kI praga inTi rahI hogii| mAra girane para na rakhanAgoM bhI pArmika mAsika vAle hai| inakA adhyayana nahIna milA mAna liI ramAeM desI

Page #785
jinako kavi ne pUrA chanda meM likhakara samApta kiyA hai parantu kaI isake apavAda bhI hai| hamdoM ke AdhAra para nAmakaraNa kI gaI racanAeM apamaMtra se hI milane lagatI hai| yo isake pUrva prAkRta meM bhI isakI paramparA kA honA nirmAta hI kahA jAyagA kyoMki hamdoM kI paramparA saMskRta se nirvAca sa meM Age bar3hatI evaM kAvya ko gati pradAna karatI rahI hai| vastutaH ina kAvya rUpoM kA mahatvavaramparA ko puSTa karane ke lie bhI sArthaka hai| indoM ke AdhAra para milane vAlI ina racanAoM kA saMdipta adhyayana isa prakAra hai: upadeza pradhAna: 740 dohA ejkkcha atyanta lokapriyatA ko prApta huA ThIka usI prakAra boDA san atra kA lokapriya chanda rahA hai| isakA prArambha ThI zatAbdI ke pazcAtu se hI milane lagatA hai| prAkRta sAhitya meM jisa taraha gAthA meM bhI dohe kA dor3oM ke milate hai| nIrava ke sAtha sAtha anya ka vUna prayoga huaa| meM to muktaka mahoM ke mI viyoM ne bhI do kA prayoga kiyA hai| hai| grantha racane vAloM ne isa chanda kA khUba da) kI racanAoM meM doDA aftart aura vyAkaraNa Adi prayoga kiyA hai| kepa sam ava kA parama lAtA meM bhI do kA prayoga mila jAtA hai| vaha rahA hai| ko dUrAn kehI kAraNa 1)kA svAmI meM ke bAda bhAratIya hotA hai praveza to isakA bahuta pahale hI ho cukA vAparAvI sadI meM isameM mAra ko vIra ko dharma ko aura nIti ko lokavisa meM praveza karane kA vrata kiyA dharma ke ba aura rAma ke narmI upadezoM ko isameM pracArita kiyaa| baranDa kiyA bAda vRddhoM viddoM kI rahasyavAdI bhAvanAoM kA vAstU manA, gorakhanAtha jaise jamAne vAloM kA sahAyakahUA aura kabIra jaise bada kA saMdeza vAka banA aMgAra ke meM isakI iMDamI bahuta pahale hI kA

Page #786
1 hA vidyA kahA jAtA thaa| prAkRta paiMgala (1978) meM dor3e ke 23 bheda mAne gae hai| varSa ke guru laghu Adi ke vivecana meM bhI doDe kA paricaya mila jAtA hai| ina medoM meM vipra, amara, grAmarAdi prasiddha hai| mAtrAoM kI dRSTi se bhI dohe meM vainiya milatA hai| hemacanda doDe maiM 14 12 mAtrAeM mAnate hai| prAkRta pailama meM dor3e pahale aura tIsare pada meM aura 11 + 11 mAtrAoM kA vidhAna hai| isameM pada kI samAdhi para yati mada meM ho| mAtrika garyo meM 13 kA niyama hai| isa aura kA krama mAnA gayA hai| viSa baravoM ke prArambha meM jagaNa nahIM ho, aura anta meM laghu ho| isa prakAra varSa jisameM hogeM use vipra kahA gayA hai| kiyA doDA hada kI vyutpatti kaise huI yaha eka mahatvapUrNa prazna hai| parantu anumAnataH isakI vyutpatti para vicAra anta jA sakatA hai| hemacandra ke vyAkaraNa meM vi ke nAma se milatI hai usameM dor3oM zabda kI vyutpatti doSa se mAnI gaI hai| kucha vidvAna dohA kI vyutpatti viSathA se bhI mAnate hai videzI vidvAnoM-vAkovI, kArya Adi ne bhI do kI vyutpatti para apane apane vicAra ulaTa kie hai * spaSTa nahIM ho pAtA svAvana meM yadi ma unake bodA ke udbhava kA dohA kI sutkelAko bA yo ni hogaa| kA vahI meM dovA banatA hai| 721 (ba) mA kRpA kI kRSi ke vAra 1- vahI, veda ke vyAkaraNa meM, kiDAmaNi aura DholA dohoM meM isakI bhAva vAna yogamA arUpa meM prabhAvita ho hindI kA bhAvikA DA0 kArI prasAda divavedI pR0 103 kI prakRtivAdI meM aura dohA apa mASA svAda ke rUma meM hai| vaha navI dasavIM zatAbdI makA meM naI bAta yaha hai ki isameM eka milAe miThAne kI prathA nahIM thI / dohA yaha pahalA ne kA avasara baura Age calakara eka bhI aisI apaya eka milAne kI prathA na ho| vahI 0 93 / 0 99 /

Page #787
722 aba bAta sambhava hai ki yaha vidhA banda kA hI dohA ke mUla meM rahA hogaa| vidhA kA vAtparya hai do prakAra hai| ayAda dohA kyoMki do paktiyoM meM liyA gAmA avausakA nAma dohA kahA jAne lagA hogaa| vastunaH ukta sabhI vicAra kicI Thosa pramANa kI prApti ke binA anumAna para hI AdhArita hai| apara meM puni yogIndra pani rAmasiMha deyona ne khUba prayoga kiyaa| vIM abAdI meM nArezvarahari kI saMkhama barI meM bhI isakA prayoga milatA hai| hindI me yAya napAko liyaa| hindI sAhitya ke prAdha kAvyoM, satasaI mAdi muktaka kAvyoM donoM meM vaha da saphalatA meM prayukta huyA hai| bhAva bhI dohe kI paramparA pracalita hai|vstutH dohA hindI sAhitya kI aneka kRSiyoM meM saphalatA se prayukta mA pramukha sanda hai| mAga dohA yaha upadeza pradhAna kAvya hai aura dohA meM likhA gayA hai| isameM 51 akSaroM ko lekara pUrI racanA meM bhAgAra vicAroM kA, saMsAra, nara, nArI,liga kAma, mAnanda Adi kA barmana si racanA prakAzita hai kyA leka vArA isakA vista kina mAkA paramparA aura bAranAmoM sIna meM pUrva adhyAyoM meM kiyA thA / isI paramparA ra minAra ko vividha TAnoM aura basoM mArA bAra kI nAbaratA, kaliyama jIva gama mAvikA kiyA hai| nAgara zrI bhAratIya pratIkavimA kharA nAma rAkilAsa mI diyaa| doga hone vAlA pravAmapUra rasa bana par3I hai| sArI dii| isa mAmA bogii|rnaa mahAndra ivArA racita mAnavI kA utsarAdha hai| pratipariNaya isa prakAra meme tii cIna barSa .. .

Page #788
hai- patra saMkhyA 9mAina 5 inca bhASA uttara apAMca viSaya- AdhAramA racanAkAla 48 pratitiSi kArya saMvat prApti sthAna- Amera zastra paMDAra mahAvIra bhavana bagapura viSTana * I vizeSa:- lipikAra ne bAbAhAmAlA kA unle diyA sApA kI dRSTi se racanA ke Adi ke sara udharama dRSTaya : A namo bIrAmA jyatva tyA prakAzi prathita triya mombAtI nivi jAna jyoti vinani: I| mamosvAya jinevararAva bAraha kiyA jiva maami| kiya bArA ra madila mAviyA mho| mimagaI pira mana thkk| ava dumA nisvima eSa vIrava simseNa makyiA pADiyohama kyA voha jmin| eka jugAmA kiyA sAvIsa zipi pirohA are in bImA misaavii| bArAmA viga kAbIINII ko voTo banAyA borA boSAhA duSi marmanimAmi minina ki pare / kAmamA mAI samAvi viniyara bhAkiyA / jima virebIvI bAra |9

Page #789
mantimaH devanamAya namAu bAu bahIvara pNc| veba pudina badAma nA mAhi sucamil horiti hamezAniya bhAibara apya paraMsuddhA zurana saba pitA maharSadina bhAsieRI hI mAvi yAvidhi, moharita baaviismevaa| tuma bArAsI,jopI masi bhisApa IIII sarai pore bAba hohima paravamyane go iMca jora mAvi yudadha vinyA survapauna8| hama pama kabadAra nAma mAtI jolane ane, naI pini hAnI pugyo cana baha cAri mura, bAvalAI privrt| mAbaMdiva se hara vArasariva sammatsamom vibhidata puru timi paraspara saMpavi ilAmamapi huna pasiripimmun diya bAla do| pani baI paDiyo mA vimAna boRAI ko pAipakA ciaaivh| mAnupAI ko birAmada bola parArml sIbomaI mAyA - bAliI rabi bAbare nA utara kAlguna nkle| bAbArAvara yAnI kI pAramA lyAurI bhUrijhApAkIbAbAnko bhahArakI bilATe pahArakA bITArakabhI jinakadevA hadagAekI mAyA garina lAyakI devA vA bAye motihAsakAyApa nimitavArvikA vinayazrI

Page #790
upadeza mAtA kahApaya eppaba, vIM bAbdI pUrvAipa meM kAvya chappa chanda pradhAna bhI likhe gae hai| jinameM upadeza mAlA kAya sappana atyanta mahatvapUrNa racanA hai| pya chanda meM kAvya lile jAne kI paramparA pAcaprAdIna hai| prAva baura apAMca meM dampaya chanda kA prayoga hoThA mAyA hai| na hI nahIM, satkAlIna na kAvyoM meM bhI chappaya hAda kA prayoga mA vIrAba rAbo ko esaI mAyA mamatA hai| mAdikAla kI isa jaina paramparA meM isa sandakatiyA~mA kAranI hone lage aura unameM upadeza pAlA hAya kI pUrI racanA isa nAma kA utkRSTa pramANa yaha rasnA prakAzita hai| pUrI racanA kyoM ki pya sandha meM lipI gaI hai thA pya sanda kI isameM bAiyopAnta pradhAnanA : isakA nAmakaraNa isa chanda ke AdhAra para hI nA hai| sanda ke rUma meM adhyaya eka saMyukta sanda hai vo rokA (1. 0 bAra pada aura ullAlA (15. "do pAda ke yoga banA yo umlAkA mevoM ho isake antima baraboM kI mAtrAvoM kA jamA 1 aura 28 taka batAyA hai aura 28 mAtrAmoM meM kaviyoM ne na liyA hai| pya chanda ke prastAra kI bhA ne apane MPE pramAnoM kA diyA hai| vo mI, manA sanma ya prAcIna kAla kA prayoga hotA rahA hai| suba ramA sisI yA isaDi ramAgara zrI nArAkA spaSTIkaraNa mAvasyA prI aura sI.vI devAmAnoM are nArAmA meSamA sarikAtiya bari meme t- prAcIna pura wasii kA -- t-1

Page #791
746 likhA / parantu vAstava meM aisI bAta nahIM hai| racanAkAra anumAnavaH udayadharma hai jinhoMne racanA kI samApti para apanA nAma spaSTa kara diyA hai: sihabhASa badina, udaya pAna mUla matvA / mo paviya patti samiti saharU sabala lacchikIlA laal|| isameM ubayadharma kRti ke racayitA ke lie hI prayukta huA hai| pya meM koI vizeSa kyA nahIM hai| kavi upadeva kI dRSTi se saMcAra kI bAratA upadeza ke aMgoM kA vizleSaNa, jaina dharma ke broM Adi ke sambandha meM kartavya pAlama, guru matimA pUjA, dhamA, hiMsA, bamA aura tapa bAdi guNoM ko pAlana karane kA upadeza detA hai| kavitA meM pratyeka pada vigni dRSTAnta aura ansayAkA samAveza hai pAno tuma muno| saMsAra ko apane mAna mino, DoSa bAkI boDa, samarasatA dhAraca karo- isa prakAra ke upadeza sarvatra vidyamAna hai| chappaya kI bhASA meM badala pi apokadoM kA bAhulya adhika kira bhI kAvya kA apUrva prakAra hai| udAharaNoM se kavitA kA yaha pravAha spaSTa ho jAmA: paka zAha iti guDa mumata, paka jaga ampasamA koI viparita parata samarasa aparAka libirivIra, dhIraNabArapara dAra pela duvyAlA nikara parahirivana samAsasama guliyara banA kina ta malA kI, jisanamA kI puSTi gAvI vI kA milA ki bhASaSI pAye girirabIkaSitA gujarAThI bAyAcI Aye haimA kAyamacA bApADIkAmbojanA bAramAsI mana bhimAcApAkAkIbAbatIyikA Upara kI banavAnA pAye svapanAmamA ( umAkA mAnaka baTapadamA paakssimaagndii| kIsino kitiipaapaabvaanaamnaamybosmkaab|

Page #792
747 saba subai viSayaka navamA, ulhAsiDi gobama jAgA gai vi suyatva tahavi puccha maha ra kima pada kavitta pavitra paDhama mabAra sunAnI, ma karai gabdha apubdha vi pani bannA vAlI zrImAna mAnA tana viSa mi isa bApIra guru pArita kavi navi minI aMtha ko DibaDa gApII' dAdhi vAhana, caMdavabAlA aura neminAtha ko kavi jana samAja ke lie mArga paritra garAkara unI upadeza detA hai| gavya kA pravAha ina antarvathAoM meM na vikasita humA hai| vyA isa prakAra kI dhAoM meM pUrA kAvya kavi meM gUMtha sA diyA hai|kaam sauSTaba ke meminAtha aura paramasambandhI bhAdoM ke kucha jAlaMkArika anuprasAtmaka udAharaNa deSi: vApArasinayarI mArivanA isaMvAna para aura pavara avara haya maya bA mAraNa kamA bahasa puruSa mA pula putta na isakA rAmapata kiyA ki isya pirisakyAmi rAmI bAhira bAli paTTiI bakhi zivi vIrabhari pAnI pAki yi divAra bAra bArIka rikA pAnIpaTI dI ki vara dirA ra bhAvAripAlimA virala paramara rAnAre -the-meanIjI-mA-parakhamAlA mA sampaya

Page #793
paDa cakkavaTi visayAra siddhiM ramai raMgi janu ima gai vasu appakanna pahi tari kiM parajana jAgA vagai (6-7) - 748 bharata sari yala pulki buk saMjama janasara kuma vaMda laDDu mA ThAya timi kAsaga kyu iDa jamIna nAma mAma dhari bacchara raki ass puraka bahu iraka bahani na kevala i niya bahini risasaranaMdana bAibali savala kan varakavi sara (9) sundari kyAna maya bhayagala jaba pariharaDa aura isake pazcAta kavi kA kAvya caMpApurI aura kauzAmbI kI amarAiyoM meM DUbatA huA jaMtUsvAnakI ko apane upadeza kA viSaya banAtA hai vahA taka ki inhIM mahApuruSoM ke utkRSTa Adarzo aura cAritrika guNoM se vaha hRdaya ke samasta manobala ko ubhAranA tathA jIvananirmANa kara duSpravRttiyoM kA nirAkaraNa karAnA cAhatA 1 caritra ke kI pratIka puruSa sthUlabhadra kA caritra uThAne vAle guru vacanoM kI kAvyAtmaka mahimA dekhie: dhUma zuru yadi koTA hari pa vivAda ra savina nira purAri samaraji vii dhAravaripari bIDa vimainkamana ye bImAra masta maDI pITha bAma mAnava jIvana ko yA uThAvA hai tathA mAnavatA kA pAlana karanA salavAra kI cAra meM dhAno haiaura jIvana ko svastha dRSTikoNa aura kI aura mAhi karane vAlA vahI kAvya meM kavitA hai jo mAnava jIvana ke bAhara bama bamako karake calA hai| prastuta sadhyaya kA nirmAtA kavi janatA kA kA hai| aura vAstava meM caritraM vinA

Page #794
749 kavi thA jisane bar3ImAnoM meM janatA kI ittiyoM se rakSA karane ke lie isa prakAra ke AdarzavAdI kAvya kI sarjanA kI hai| jana jIvana meM ghula kara samAja ko unnayana kI ora le jAnA cAhatA hai| bhAva aura DIlavAna prANI use priyahai jisase vaha samAja kA netRtva karanA cAhatA hai usane ina upadezoM dvArA samAja kA pratinidhi kArya apane hAtha meM liyA hai| ataH yahI nahIM ki usane kevaLa pahApurUSoM ke hI jIvana ko apane upadezoM kA viSaya banAyA ho / ina mahApuSyoM ke atirikta choTe parivAroM meM jina puruSoM ne vAna aura sariyoM se prerita hokara udAtta jIvana banAyA thA bitAyA hai una para bhI usakI najara gaI hai| aisA lagatA hai ki pUrA kAvya Ada tathA caritravAna vividha mahAputroM ke viziSTa tyA nirmANAtmaka guNoM kA eka itihAsa hai| kucha udAharaNa dekhie: vIra roga sevaka sahamati pari kAlasena riTarAya jaina bihU vAhihi badhA vipi guNi saMgranariTiM ki sAmaMta vidittA rAma vrata kevi tIna aridekhi pahA pAva pUrana mA kAlo na iTTA ki sanda vidhi suravara Tiko vi (e) yahI nahIM kavi ne svara mahAloM ko paradvarAma, jamavadina mAdhoM kI vA dI hai: para rAma janadagi maranA pAkA maMda mararapi ma kevi harivana puri ra kAhihiM vivihita pani bhUma nikkane erisa Daba ke choTe bhAI gayasukumAla kI asAdhAraNa ma DiviyA para bhI prakAza DAlA 1

Page #795
750 aMgAroM meM kisa prakAra usane apane jIvana ko rAta banA diyA / eka kAruNika udAharaNa dRSTavya hai: yaklapa parivati vara supana bhUmi vi timi nivaDIsa sayama aniThura fafa saMvaha bhaMgAra mani bhanna prati miti dUra karata varakara pari fafe fat ava puruSa janma tarakani sariu (10) taba aMgArayamadada sUri se sIsa sarva nivaputta aMga cora caMDAla cahiu apayahakari kaMpai dAminI suvina bhara ima semi ujaDa vinaya vivabjiya vijjanma kariva navi jamRgai siMhAsana basAri pAri guru kari so magamai jo kahai vijaya jo lahaDa phapha biDDa kanja tarakani sarita ina kArana jina sArAmi vizva guru grIsa kiri isa prakAra kavi ne vividha vyaktitvoM ke upAsvAnoM iTAvA vArA rakSA kI bIkata pratiSThA kI hai| saMjaya aura niSThA ke nirmANa meM isa kavi ne pArasa ke ina utkRSTa pUrA prayAsa kiyA hai| sAtha hI umpaya meM isI prakAra kI kAvya bara hai| va dvArA unakA pUrA vo bhI pUrA pUrA prAya kA hai| kara eka hai| kavi kI kI nAkArika aura pUrA

Page #796
751 :- saravara guruguNa varNana chappaya : jaina samAja meM jaina lekhakoM aura kaviyoM ke aneka sampradAya milate haiN| inako jaina samAja meM gaccha kahate hai| ye gancha saikar3oM prakAra ke hai| inameM se 84 pramukha rUpa se jAne gae hai| ina machara meM bhI tIna yA cAra aise haiM jinameM aneka lekhaka aura kavi hue hai| inameM se pramukha hai :- sarara gancha, tyAga, vanya aura baudhA laukA mcch| inameM barataragaccha ke koM evaM AcAyoM kI paramparA nahI basAdhAraNa rahI hai| ina tara gaccha ke levakoM kA jIvana bar3A pravara DhaMga se palatA hai| isIlie isa gacchakA nAma baratara hai| ye caitya jIvana ke ghora virodha meM hai| vastutaH badatara cha ke isa sampradAya meM gurumoM ke guNoM kA varNana karane meM eka racanA prApta huI hai racanA jAva se kaI varSoM pUrva aitihAsika yaha racanA ajJAta lekhaka duvArA viracita unakA nAma hai baravara guru guNa chappaya / yaha jaina kAvya saMgraha meM prakAzita ho cukI hai| hai tathA isameM taratara gaccha meM hue kaviyoM tathA levakoM kA chandobadala aitihAsika paricaya diyA gayA hai| isa chappaya meM aitihAsikatA uyoM kA pUrva samAveza hai| jina jina varSa kiyA gayA hai aitihAsika inDi hai unakA bahuta mahatva hai| vAyu ke pUrva kI hai| guru guma varNana paramparA adhikatara isI milatI hai| mi uccoM ke gurgoM, jIvanagata viDiSTa bAtoM, diyoM kA isa yaha kRSi va kAvya kyA karanAoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai unameM pramukha hai- niksa, vinaya nivaDa, kimaka, mirAva aura vinamadra / galI kA dIvAnA adhika lokapriya huA hai ki vikAsa ke bheda hai| meM inhIM mukhoM kI pAcanaza morayA pravAsa Adi kA kAvyAtmaka varNana hai| kavi 1- kAvyasaMgraha prakAyaka amarakanda maMvaralAla nAiTA-50 24:18 |

Page #797
712 ne ina guNoM kI mahimA Adi ko spaSTa yiA hai| vAstava meM sAhityika saundarya kI iSTi se isa racanA meM adhika nahIM hai parantu phira bhI inakA aitihAsika mahatva hai zisameM racanAkAra ne vividha munnoM kI paTTa paramparA se lekara vividha sAskRtika kyA aitihAsika sthAnoM ke sAtha unakA mahatva spaSTa kiyA hai| kA prArambha kavi ne guru mahimA aura bAda guru ke guNoM dvArA kiyA hai: so puraviDa jIva adhyana sama gAina ho mu sabbara sidhAnta mAnada mo puru aru mIla dhamma nimmA paripAla gau guru guru damya saMma visana sama mani TAlai ( manu ke sAtha hI sAtha kavi ne marma kI mahimA kA pIsAna kiyA hai: pampa suSamna paDApa batya nahu gIya hamiyaha camma acamma pahAi atyanAi bhapiyA camma ma pahAjatya maha corI kimbaI camma dhamma pahApha jatya patthI na ramiyA mopama ratha ko puna DivabAna pIkapAla ko sira ni parasakhi maramAnI () bAme pratyeka kavi vipanna pani kI bhAnA, yA pramAbanA para vivAra yA sine puniyolora sthAna, paba mAvikA vivAki mAya spaSTa bAbo gvAra niriaura minI samAdhI sapA mipUra paTI pani - - - - zAma ra navama |

Page #798
vAha paTTiA guru Thaviya kAvaDamya mahottara vaisalameraha mAra dami puha nAgari mara nArivAi maiMga kA ji sAmapi baksa jina canda thari parivAra basa saMgha diyA (1) (1) kuka ko baMsAra, ika pala jaga pADA amAla magala bAritachi azI dhari bhAva mumati navarAti ali dhana dhana rakama asalaDi hora pATi jAti pIrima mubAnata parisasa nAma amuka bama ratiyAmaTha jina isa dUri mAna prApi paripari hoi badhAmA (30) ina kAmbAtyaka aitihAsika vargoM ke sAtha sAtha prastuta kavi kI bAkArika kI bhI iSTavya hai| prakRti ke upamAnoM ivArA kavi ne akAroM ko sammAkyiA / aura unakA paka aura andara dRSTAntau davArA kavi ke ina gurunoM ke guNoM kA vividha rUpa meM vizleSaNa mi jinase usake varSamAna pAkA pichI aura kaI mAmbhIrya para pragA / bhASA bayasa prabAsa mAmilA aura aitihAkimahala sTa" mi va paura vipi ko tii hara gnAle kamA kyiA mAyane vikAra mAmamapi meramA vi vivira vimAthi ra vida mamimar kA mAmaya () 7 jilA rabi bavAla paramapi basamA sAvi zikkara ya goviyu (11)

Page #799
(3) (4) (5) (6) 754 sAyaka jima klola karai jina sIDa guMjAi jima phulliha sahayAra bihAra koyala raha kAra saghoSa chaMTa jina jammavani vatiya jima jima padama sUri vita tima batAye mahagaDa jima antara gauika ivi aMtaka maNi ramani jima surataka palAsa, jima muya kesari jima taka naga rAma haMsa, jima dIvya dimayara jima taka go kAmadhenu jima aMta (ka) surezvara udaya udaya ki 000 --- te in of gami, suvitta vijJai jima soDagaha vatsu masiharu vannijjai jima taha biMchita karU surataru mahimA mahamahaDa jima sUramaki jinamadasUri ugavahAna guru gaha gaDa (31) (22) saMsAra udaya suravara maranaMdaya manavami, udaya savaya damaka ravi kanya, ramya kiM pramAbhai anupama uma gativati kayAma (2x) ina uddharaNoM se kRti kI laMkArika prAvAriSTA spaSTa hotI hai| vastutaH pUrA kAvya isI prakAra gucchoM kI mahimA meM liyA gayA hai|vaarii ear prati mAna mAtra hai aura manakoM ke sthAna, upadeza, paTTa, Adi kI tiraMjanA kAvyAtmaka pravAda, reDikAritA jAlaMkArika kanA Adi kI dRSTi para viveka hai| pUrI racanA eka muktaka kAvya hai tathA pratyeka pada meM vibhinna mAcAyoM ko aSA se namana kiyA gayA hai aura unake guNoM kA (27)

Page #800
735 vyAkhyAna upamAnoM ke sAtha tulanA karake evaM vividha iSTAntoM meM bAdhakara kiyA gayA hai| pUrI racanA 17 uppayoM meM likhI gaI hai| chappaya vaika racanAoM ke 14 aura 11vIM zatAbdI meM aura bhI racanAeM udAharaNArtha AtmA baTapada, baTapadAni jJAna uppaya milatI hai parantu inameM ukta do hI adhika pramukha hai| muktaka kAvya kI dRSTi se yaya sambandhI ina racanAoM kA paryApta mahatva spaSTa hotA hai sAtha hI chanda kI dRSTi se bhI ina racanAoM kA apanA mahatva hai| |

Page #801
rAmada manda viSayaka racanAvoM meM da mA abhiDiva kI huI kaI choTI doTI ramAeM upalabdha hotI hai| ina ranAmoM ke jAne chanda da myamAna hamAre isase samAna vA kA pA sakatA hai ki vizva meM sisI jAne ke kAraNa hIda nAma kA prayoga inake Age kiyA jAnA hogA parantu samma prayoga kI paramparA paryApta prAcIna hai| racanAyo bAme yaha saba kAmoM meM jaise sada, mandAgi bandAni Adi kA yoM meM milatA hAranAmoM ko dekhate pae yA kahA jA sakamA hai kAlAntara meM chaMda mAmale koI svara chaMda vizeSa bhI bana gayA ho|vstutH inaranAoM jo sanda sambandhI vividha nAma milate hai unI kI spaSTa hotA hai ki kavi ne muniyoM ke yA gAna, prazasti mITha aura ullAsa meM bakara veSa meM jina loTI choTI varita mUlaka ranAoM kI vyAsyA kI hai usI imakA nAmakaraNa chanba, bAli yA pAni kiyA gayA ho| bahuta sambhava hai ki inameM chanda da ksiI vinda ke lie bhI prayukta nA ho| boM sAmAnyAH racanAoM meM chanda zabda kA pryog| mahala pahale se hogA kA mAsA hai| vana ma riNava meM vikAsa vimA kamalAmAbalA ho yA pAdi kAThIna na rakhanA Agra mAyA rasa prAya rakhAko kirA hogaa| yo bhandA bhAvAdI AinI kimayako isI mAra hokAra para kisI mI kimAna vA prasanna karane kI kA vidhAna meM milAvA tArika iSTiyoM ko vibhAga

Page #802
737 hue hai isIlie inakA nAmakaraNa aisA kara diyA gayA ho / yo vAstrIya dRSTi laukika varga ke antargata ina da pradhAna racanAoM ke laukika samdoM kA mUlyAMkana unameM prayukta pakSoM ke Ayojana se kiyA jA sakatA hai| kahIM kahIM in varita varNana ke lie bhI prayukta hotA hai| jo bhI ho, laukika pakSa ko hI yadi inake mUla meM mAnakara calA jAya to samasyA kucha ho jAtI hai aura yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki laukika pada meM anuraMjana karane yA prasanna karane kI dRSTi seDI itaracanAoM ke Age isa pada kA prayoga kiyA gayA hogaa| vibhinna bhaMDAroM se prApta racanAoM kA vizleSaNa rasavarDa kiyA jA sakatA hai: zrI gautama svAmI kaMnda 14vIM zatAbdI ke pUrvIdUdha meM kavi menakA ne vividha hindI jaina racanAoM kA vajana kiyA hai|jiiraapllii pArzvanAtha kA sImaMdhara stavana janita zAnti stavana aura jimoda ri vivAha Adi racanAoM ke prasiddha nirmAtA kavi zrI kI vizlezana pUrva adhyAyoM meM kiyA gayA hai| ina racanAoM ke bari meM bhI kaI racanAeM kisI hai|jinmeN gauvana svAmI zrI zrI vinoda ra prAkRta dAnavAdi pramukha > ke prathama se hI prArambha hotA nahI kiyA jA rahA hai| isakI pratiyA prativivi bIkAnera hairoM meM hai kuramAnoM kA kuvA bhImAnI hai thaa| isa ke ke lie hI meM kavi nemakA mAsthAna prastuta kiyA hailI gautama cara mahAvIra ke paTTati prakAravidhi ThAma kiyaa| sAtha hI 1- prati vibhAga jamIna prasthAlaya, bIkAnera /

Page #803
718 kavi ne chanda meM unake putroM ke prabhAva kA mundara varSana dohA caupAI do meM kiyA hai| racanA choTI hai yA chandoM meM hai jisase eka varita mUlaka prazasti stavana kahA jA sakatA hai pApA barasa aura sarala udharama dekhiyaH maMgala kamata vilAsa dipidaMDa, pAma sI babIra liniyA sabala saMca mAnavAhiya vA bagnisuziri bhoganu mana nA nAyaka nihu~ puvakA bA bobaDa vAyu pasAra ikka bIDa kina baniyA ko goyama garAu -2) ziri goyama guru paya kA hibA barovara jA nAlaka jima giripA, naba niti aMgaNi bArA kajyA mizI se bhakyi goyamu cirita dharati ve gala hasthiya iriya mA ittaka matitarati 16) govana mAphi mAma madhyama mumacandra * meka bana bIpi sya ) zrI mauna svApI viDIya) mArakarI po. sI gaI kamela kA kAma isa ramA pUrA kAra bAramA bImautama ke vaibhava, bhAna aura mana me sAlawI gii| nAkAma kI mAra jyA kAraka evaM bAkArika lii|

Page #804
711 sura bhaMDAri cintA maNi diva mapi jima soDai mayapaMgaNi, vima jiga sAmami siri goyama gapi sA siri mo. gapi tima jiNa sAmaNi moha jima niSi caMda vara gubbara mAmi mahA maDimaMDa li baM baM bADa -1) kavi ne gautama ke svarUpa kI pI sundara pratiSThA kI hai| mAna pravIka tima rUpa , jinako devatA loga nadhA kinnara bhI namana karate the jo guru ke parama maksa ye thA barAbara ke medoM ko jAnane vAle sidha budha tyA bhAna aura maI ke pada kA jana kase mAle gautama kA mani kavi ne prastuta kiyA hai| vana kI sajIvatA aura pravAhamA iSTavya hai. jo kSaNa kamala bimala komala vyu satta itya supamA 'tiyaNa jamavAyaNa nayana mana poSaNa lavaSiNa svanihAya jipi diI upavApiti nitu pAraMvA kAhiSaya samAdhi apAra so pramani aura dhana guru moya pani samara savivAra yo kA parama pani bAni bahAna miri ra mapi gari - yo junA bipiaam pani yo me miloma gAvi aw mirapi EiR vinaya kandhi mAhira ra apila gma rividha sidisa jAnAmi payAsaha roma soga dohagUga iriya pUraMvari nAI

Page #805
10 . ge vIra sIsa sUrIsa yA mahina marima muSi meka guru siri goyA gagahA jayAvika yA saMca mAna ( 0) ina banAraNoM se spaSTa hotA hai jiAhoTI hone para bhI barasa hai| pASA pracArapUrNa aura alaMkAroM kI TA usake sauravarya meM idhi karatI hai| ambikA sada chanda saMbaka racanAmoM meM antima rasA ambikA banda hai| 15vIM zatAbdI ke kaviyoM meM choTe choTe IgayoM ke racayitA zrI kIrtimaka kI maha racanA. 14 kI hai| ramanA yadyapi pUrI upalabdha nahIM hotI parantu milA usako dekhane meM spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki kavi ne chandoM, prAcAramA varNanoM dvArA kAma ko sarasa banAyA hai| rabamA kA visa adhikA devI kA mA bama hai| kavi vana meM andara kAyama ho / prAya kavi harivIki kI kI dii| ambiA sI ke prakAre kami ra mAge kA prayoga kiyaa| para aura kolakAmA padALIrigIkiA prArambhika udAraNa detA prazAna mandira aIi para, sira sira zAritI kAni kapUra kIla, mamAvi pApilI api sAlamA gAlI ralA nArakara ka ramA prakAra meM upalabdha hone vAlI mAmA kI dRSTi sabambikA banda STamyaisa prakAra iMda

Page #806
761 ::zrI sthatimAni dAprathA kyA divatIya) mena ina sArA se isI prakAra ke do sadara manda aura upaladha hote hai| prathama da doM kA thA vitIya rakanA boM meM DijI haI hai|ye donoM racanAeM prakAzita kI jA cukI hai| ramAnoM kI mUla prati bIkAnera ke samaya kena andhAlaya meM surakSita hai| donoM sada baponiSTha paDIka zrI pumi myUlipa para tila gii| ina donoM pAlI ramA gAya kI iSTi se bilkula sAdhAraNa hai parantu vana kI madhuratA sarvatra vimAna yAtrI kI pratimUrti sthalina kA andara varSa dezila: prathama- jina zAsapi siva sAsamiti muNiyAI bahumapi sIra kavina pAmiya sIla pUNi dhUlimaida jima lIka (0 bhayavalI sAyA taraI anupama li uDaMDati dhUli mAhiya tAdhiya janA timiDa Iti bhUli baba puSa mina rAbamiti eTAmina kAma pukhamA ni niyamita bhUmi muki bApAna rakama nikAya bhagA kara pIrimamA dilabIca rAsa mI ramAnoM para vine tima mA koThAmAra pUrva vidyAvAvi prAraNa kI pITha ke baraNa prasIva nirAzya kA pariyA:mibIra mAnakara roSa meva rasa mina miyA mahiri, nAbhi ipicAri - -

Page #807
762 jo bAra barasa pari bhoga purandaka amarajema prayatna nava jumvani koSA ke bara kAmipi ksalipi ramarasi ratna tA ra vikAsa mahAraNa sAmari mAvikA vi siriyA gaNi rAu pasAra mAvi rAyA para bhavi gamaya javitu vAyapi vipi vAyA maratu sugAmi pani cina, ciyi yaha bAka adhikAra mAra para bappA mAra liyA gama mA (1-1-) yamazIla prAya karane para sthamida ne apane guru se prArma bAnAya kauzAhI bharane kI svIkRti maaNgii| vaizyA bhI unako punaH prApti kI kAmanA se apAne aaii| puni karane ke lie vizAlAgArI gii| vaizyA kozA ne aneka zrRMgAra kipAkavi ne yaha varSana at prAgasi DhaMga se kiyA hai| vaisyA koza kA ullAsa dekhie: barasAtA bhivara siMha abhigA piksavi bhava uhAdhi vo mayanarAya paribha samaraMdara ima paDa murupAdhi pA kari pasAra bAra samappaTa rahila pA umAvi moma rasa mihimavanava paMmiti kosa besa AvAri (5-6) bhAvara rAgiri iNi nApi yani viroSasi viTi misa bharavAri pApApa bAni ema kAmi nambA bAmavi samvInAmi ki bhArata mahA kA prazikSiya milaba, a fmAri nAri kanimaya bAlabAlikA (8-1) megAmArI kA nizA koza kA tim tara para pApa bi vividha zAma aura paridhAna aura tirIra sAgarama bhavAnI vimiSa baTAyara vATI mArA salIkA lAgi bAdimI bana kavi ne saraLa bhASA memana yA prAsAdika varNana kama meM gAye hai bhASA kI skhalatA aura

Page #808
753 AkArikatA meM racanA ko lokapriya banAne meM bar3A yoga diyA hai:visita nava kAliya navaNi visA liya, sAvikajjala reDa mariyama vayi vana ArakSaka maMDaliya deha aha abhaTTa kavi amara goMDaMtima ko iMDiya munivara ra raMmA gari gaMgakamalA, sani jiviya tivivAra ar are mAvi agaDa kamarkatiya bari kori bAru canadriya jina vima sA gayA gAmini callara nitina gaya va pa tA bhavanu cha bahu pani balki thA ki timi matthAni mama viSaya kasAba rAma roDavara vasamata agravINa iSi avasara me hara hari manca baja kirijana Dhakka kAlarava aura mora kiMvA bahadura sara ma yA paMca bApu la varavaMta itiya divasa kahina ki ka timi divi DAya maraNa misi nakA, hiva kima chuTiTasiittha paTuna (10-13) nArI koDA prArthanA karatI hai| aneka prakAra se mAra karake rikAtI hai, vihAya karatI hai para jaba syUtimadra para isakA koI asara nahIM hotA to kAmadeva apanI 18 va strI nA kara usase karatA hai saMgama ke tIna varoM se biMdha kara marA hotA hai: virivii homa garirahari, kAmini karimaya bhAga (14) isI ki kari kari mahAra vinika vidhibATa #* pAna bAra bAra baravAra kA saMhA ivivi madhila mani mArata mAru para ravi pati muni baMdhiya namanyatiksa sarasaMdhiya

Page #809
764 tivimi tinni puSaNa prArapiya niyati bhayAni sIma vipina nApiya savidhImapikki paJcAliyara pulisaida puSimA reriDi samara samari ma ikkira, karitIlimA Dipi niyamita svari pa jima ropiya vIra jipiyA bApa ahAra sahara ra mara rili rakkhA moDagAva (10) simA timi aMgoM amiti pAmi dhAravimaraNiti parami pachi mAtra mami siha mAha papIraha mama / bhaya bimA raka nA mAna rami joDi vApidi maga hariyA kosa kAviyA kAyaka nada parivAra bAki amara karAI mAmiDAksikiya jayakAra ina pari na mAna pi vikipaDA sabati pani gaNi dekhana karavi desa paDiyohiya, manamoha ziyita vivi (21) aura basa meM kavi nirvada rasa kAvya kI samApti karatA hai| vaizyA hAra mAna mAtI parIkI dIvAnI hai kI ummata kiraNoM se sabako bhAnanda kI mApI .. jima umAri mirA mila gayI isa prakAra kA mAmA prayAsa kA vorA detA hai|puurii ki mAjhopAyA sabhApoM sagAva rasA MetoN meM mora pApA mamA spaSTa hotA mAyA simAmAna lina Morry garImeDI mArakara bodha gairaka kA paricaya diyA mAgI TipAcA para hai|

Page #810
765 / jambusvAmI satkavA satkavastu nAma se abhI koI dUsarA kAvya nahIM milatA hai| maha racanA jeTalamera kanhAra' meM hai tathA zrI nATA bI ne ise prakAzita kara diyA hai| pUrI racanA maiM nAva mANa gambU svAmI ke jIvana caritra kA varNana hai| bambU svAmI adhA svAmI ke paTTa vimyoM the| aura varSa asAra yahI gantima kevalI the| digambara aura zvetAmbara bonoM sampradAyoM ke viyoM ne yamvRsvAmI ke jIvana ko apane kAvyoM kA viSaya banAyA hai| bhAva meM bIra kavi kA sammAmI bAriva vizeSa lekhIya hai| prastuba ramanA kA nAmakaraNa kavi ne - bam svAmi satyavastu- kiyA hai| khatmanastu para vicAra karane para yahI spaSTa hotA hai ki isa mada kA kyA za mAma ati kI huI racanAvoM kI paramparA kA alaga se vivAha nahIM miltaa| kavi bandhu svAmI ke pariva varSana karane kI pardhA yA nAma meM navInatA prata karane ke lie hI saMbhavataH rakhanA kA yaha nAmakaraNa kiyA hai| harI pramukha bAra isake nAmakaraNa ke liya yaha bhI kahI jAsakatI hai ki kyoMki kavi ne pUrI racanA banA jyo sisI : jambU svAmI satyavastu usakA nAma diyA hai meM pUrI rakhanA nyU mAmI vIla, la, vIvA aura gAnA Tara moSAdi kA bnaa| pUrI racanA kI pahacakI koNIyA kI bAra boragI yAnI bIko pI kavi sarakA pramANa mAnA gyaa| ralA kara svAgAsa prati bAmAgamA yI mAvI kI hogii|maamaa ko MIT Totii| parikAmyA - - - bAkIpravikipilabama dhaabypurvit|

Page #811
766 se eka jammU kamI viSaya carita kAvya para pahale vicAra kiyA jA cukA hai| jambUsAmitva 21 vastu chandoM meM likhI gaI hai| ataH pUrI racanA cheda pradhAna hai| prArambha meM kavi ne namaskAra Adi kI paddhati kA prayoga na kara ekadama kAvya prArambha kara diyA hai| svAna jambUkumAra vividha AbhUSaNoM se isabjita vivAi kara A jAte hai kavi ne yahIM se racanA kA prArambha kiyA hai| racanAkAra ne jambUsvAmI ke isase pUrva ke carita para AMzika bhI prakAza nahIM ddaalaa| kavi keDI kuNDalavara hAra tige rate vividha maMga siMgAra pAvahiM parine gara ka vahi aru pavaka maMgala yarihiM nava nava koDi kama va parimita Aki bAri ar aas us ra gA (2) jambUsvAmI ke Ava jIvana ke AdhAra para kavi ne nazvara saMsAra kI kathA ko vividha freeree great dvArA spaSTa kiyA hai|kthaa sUtra ina dRSTAntoM meM sthala hai| kathA ke mAdhyama se kavi ne jaina darzana ke kaThina sidhAntoM ko jana lama batAnA hai| jambUsvAmI rAja ke veti bhArata yA pAriSi ke patiyoM kI bAta mAnoM di ke anurodha se inheM nagara ke camasenA, kanakasenA, nAmalA, lI, aura mAnatI vivAha karanA nAmaka cora ne apane 500 ziSyoM pdd'aa| unake krena meM hone ke dvArA 11 koTi svarga milA jaisA ki pada hai Ta hai ko para meM corI karane ko praveza kiyaa| para faar aura usakI myU svAmI ke tapa ne use kara huI svAmI ke isa prabhAva ke kAraNa vaha bhI 100 bIvita ho gyaa| racanA meM kavi ne pratyeka lIko prastuta kiyA hai| bhASA kI prAcInatA, kAvya ko dAnA yA satyakA upayoga aura kAvya kA pravAha racanA kI vizeSatA hai| udAharaNArtha utkRSTa pavoM ko matadartha dekhA jA sakatA hai:

Page #812
767 yauvana kI asthiratA para dekhiya: eDa govA eDa goba adhika mAne molAvA samaparisa, badI pAhuNya julAI viSyAma pu maharasiyA, kAi ti para Ires api dari jambU mabA, jobama visamaya hAri caMcala bobA zukcha dhammiAvi kiyA nAri (6) pUrA gaba bAdalI meM liyA gayA hai| tara pratyuttara lI ke kAraNa ramanA ke pravAha meM apUrva vRddhi huI hai|vrnnn ke isa kAma ko nATakIya hAya kahA jA sayA. keta bhI diya ke rImiya sapA kA para jaramA para para mi, ma vilAsa rasa DAva bhAviya siMgAra rasa raMga viviDa aMgaraya magamAra paThAnaka aba zApiyana ina dI gidha sAha dukkara ra karoDa hokabIDa ) bambU svAmI kA utra: bama kumAra payahi kami kayaMtA Dandhu kAhi lekha vAlisa navi saMbaddha navimA (1) aMgAra bAbara hai, vividha yoniyoM meM bIba parikti bhI pA mAmA varNana mora mAma vImA pula banane ke lie paramAyA / gauvana, ma aba sthira, numbako mAyA pati prApta karanI cAhiya, vo balba 1, bhAvi bAki bAtoM ko kavi prabhArI moyA hai vivi movivivAzima pAri himata from bevAra saMsAra boyA bApiyAko bAda piyA riparikA, mAha 10

Page #813
768 dAnika pAvanAjoM kA paricaya karAne ke sAtha kavi ne nAriyA ke nakha ziva kA bhI manohara varNana kiyA hai| jIvana kA Ananda aura hAsa vilAsa sambandhI andara uktiyoM ke kAvya ko prabhAvotpAdaka banAne meM sahAyaka huI hai: kRDila kuMtala, kuDila kuzala, caMda samakyApi khAmoyari sagai kamala nayapi unnaya payohari yupamAna vara para nAgasepi japA manohari sarisaguNa saMpatta nahiM atyi na mahilA sAra sidvidharhi kAraNi kaMta tuI sijima kAravAra (1) maNi huMdara sumita gundara hAsa vikAsa mata meM jambU kumAra mAge rAniyoM ko mAra aura bauvana kI asthiratA ga vipina dRSTAntoM nadibodha dekara kyA sAtha hI prabhava ko ..SiyoM mi jAna dekara svayaM kaivalya ko prApta karate haiM yA dharma kI nirmalatA para prakAza DAlo hue nirveda kA varNana karate hai| racanA zAnta rasa meM samApta hotI hai: dhampu nimmA vanimmata kA saMdhAri cambheSa vidhividha pura pannu la ba itva kApa vAri pakar3a babAhira bana gayA sAraNa bhittini mAyA bhoga vilAsitA panca inita pAThi bAra (19) ranAla pratimA para barasA vicAra yiAga zAhIya cinekI vinarAja pari nAain bArapAkI svAdhyAbapakkiAsitA

Page #814
sakatA hai| vastuda jaina kaviyoM kA priya gaMdha rahA hai|bhaassaa ko dekhate hue racanA kI prAcInatA nidhIta hai| apabhraMza ke padoM kI adhikatA racanA ko prAcIna bhASAkRti kahalAne meM sakSama siddha karatI hai| pUrI racanA meM vividha baSTAntoM mantarkathAnoM, uttara pratyuttara zailI, kyAvatva aura prabhava cora mAdi sabhI kI kyAyoM Adi ne kRti ko varjana kI Thosa bAtoM ko bhI saralatA se prastuta kara jana lama banAne meM paryApta yoga diyA hai| 769 kavi hai yA 1vIM zatAbdI ke uttarAdha meM kavi ailDU racita eka choTI hI racanA kSetrapAla dvipadikA upalabdha hotI hai| racanA kA pAyA meM vipadiyoM meM kisI huI milatI hai| vipadI saMjJaka racanAoM meM yaha akelI racanA hai| kSetrapAla divapadikA kucha 8 chaMdoM meM samApta huI hai| vidiyoM meM libI hone seThI bahuta sambhava ki kavi ne isakA nAma vA vipadikA ra diyA ho| divapadI baMda vizeSa bhI ho sakatA hai kyoMki kaI haDiyoM meMdoM meM padoM ke nIce vipI hai| rA chanda kI kar3iyoM ko de yaha bhI kahA jA hai ki do do kar3iyoM ko eka sAtha likhane ke kAraNa bhI kavi meM isakA nAmakaraNa divayavikA kara isa sambandha meM anumAna para hI AdhArita rahanA par3atA hai| racanA ke diyA ho| jaina granthAna meM suri hotA hai vo grAma semAvara hotA hai tathA yaha thAnoM ke paira ko bhI pAla kahate hai rAjasthAna meM bhAja bhAI kahI hai ki yadi koI kArya karane ke ligrAma chor3akara bAhara eka kSetra meM pUjA jAtA hai| bhIma : asure faufenaa :

Page #815
770 jAte hai to kSetrapAla kI pUjA karate hai| napAla bega vizeSa ke devatA ko ko hai| logoM kA aisA vivAsa bhI hai ki kSetrapAta kI pUjA na karane para mAvA meM pattharoM kI varSA hotI hai, bI mahIM AtI, mAsa par3ha pAtA hai|maamaarii ho jAtI hai kyoMki vetraNAta mAsI pUta, preta, baibAla, pivAra Adi rhte| aura usake dA hote hI pRthvI hone lagatI parva sapane mate / ma mamAva meM bhI yepAlakA kA sammAna hai| gata baMga, bInA, vAina saTS Adi yAtriI dvArA ke kSetrapAla kA svAgata karate hai| prAkRta meM to aisA na kI milA jisa silva deve Aye nimitta kampikAusa kSetra devatA ke nimitta kAyotsarga karavAI ataH isase yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki kSetrapAla janasamAja ke sammAnita devatA / vizeSa prastuta vipadikA meM kavi ne kSetrapAla gupoM kI stuti kI pUrI ranA meM kavi kSetrapAla ke vaibhava kA vyAsthAna prastuba karatA hai| usakI zakti kA stana tathA prazasti gAna isa racanA meM zikSA vArasya meM avi yaha vijJAnA vAhatA hai ki vaha kitamA astivAlI deva hai jisakI pUjA ke binA jIvana ke sAdhanA zAnti pUrvaka homA asambhava hai| isaramA kA kAvyAtmaka dRSTi mahatva pAdhAraNa hai para bhASA kA pravAsa yA aba mana aura divAkyoM kI dRSTi se 1iiN khAdI urAvalI ranAmoM kA mahatva ullekhanIya kavi kA jana bhASA pravAha yA kavitA pumA Dama bAsa cumbA samorIla mA mAta mAyake paE Team lAramAmaya junyako REETrI sAne unake pramukha maga tyA pairava mAvi vRtta kro| pIka mora nindira pIpA bAma nirokara bane viSAta mAvAna kavitarapAnAmaka vyoM karatA hai| bhASA kA pravAha ullekhanIya

Page #816
771 hai| devapAla kA bala evaM vividha dRSTAndoM se usakI puSTi desie: jo agadaDa baliya bApaba kA moDai mA bolA pittAvA ke ubAmiyA jobara pi lolapa yaha bhaya, caMti pada DAini mA pizAyara rakSA jA mai umati vaivAha paNA sa bhavana kA visahara bIha bora arimaya je kivi mizdha kAravA vaha bhArata hu~ti sittA hiva te rew kArayA jamu payabhAra pariya ghara kaMpAi kA mesu niyamoM giriTalaTalA vahi uchala vibhau masti puranaNe kari karavAha gahivi kariyajala, muNahA ki hiMDae supariya bhista paraNaya variu pUrA bhari viDae bahulAvanna puna tiya sAlaya ramaNI billa moDijI vijgAra naritu nArI guNa paya saya sasti no hio (2-5) ukta udharaNa dvArA vi kI varNana zakti pravAha tathA bhASA kA svApa Adi dekhe jA sakate hai| anta meM kavi svayaM apanA parikAdekara racanA samApti karatA : lisa kavi pari sama hokara divyAmala divya na mI para yo paTA paDa jirarea va na e ) - |baapaa mAsikAne vAlI panAvoM kI upAkimala gAvAmI barAbara ra mAsA mAge mAdigAlIna vikAsa meM ginnI ramAeM upalaba hotI hai mAranAmoM ke nAma ke pI bhASA mA bonda sUcaka hai|

Page #817
772 parantu kAlAntara meM gAdhA nAma se svataMtra racanAeM bhI mila jAtI hai inake adhyana meM yaha kahA jAsakatA hai ki mAthA pastha da viSa hI bana gayA hai| bastumA isa dRSTi se mAthA UMnda kI paramparA para vicAra karanA Avazyaka ho jAtA hai| mAyA da cira prAcIna hai rinaveda meM gAthA pada mA para mAne ke lie prata hotA thaa| rimoda meM mAthA aura gAdhina'da mila jAte hai| gAvita usa gAne vAle ke lie prayukta hotA thaa| vaidika saMskRya ke pazcAta prA meM hAra kI mAthA saptazatI jaisI suprasiddha racanAeM mila jAtI hai| bauddha sAhitya meM bhI ko ramamA globadha ho use gAthA kahA gayA hai|iske pazcAta apakSa meM mAtA zabda yA ke lie prayukta milatA hai| yaha gAhA saMskRta gAthA kA hI svasa hai| gAmA zabda kA prayukta bhayo ko dekhane para maha kahA jA art kiyA aba bhaneka jyoM meM pramukhamA milaa| baudoM kI berI mAthAeM, grAhamaNa anyo maiM mI mAjhyA aMgoM ke bIca meM prayukta paya tyA lokI ko gAthA kA yAvA / vastutaH vaidika saMskRta ke pAbAda gAthA prAkRta kA pramukha chanda bana gayA thA vaivika kAla meM pI ke padabaddha rakhanAra yo yama ke samaya gAna sunAI jAtI thI, gAthA kasAnIsAra prAcInakAla ravivAkisAnoM aura paurASika pANyAnoM ko mAyA bAbA bhAva " gAyA aura gAbhA nArAsI ga piko| ra rAmAnokAyikA myana male para usane mAyA aba sipa mo mAnya praayo| muzAra mANA ko loka gAyikA yA pAna yA mA hogI tamAmA bA | mAthA meM bovA, gauramA kI prAna donoM kA honA bAkI hotA hai| pAthaR dha meM mAokoM kA mahatva nahIM lAla miAnoM ke aneka mA bala hote hai udAramA - mAyAmoharA bA indrAgiya pavinoda

Page #818
773 sTenthala ise janavAdI kahate hai vizpa pI cAraNoM dvArA praNItAgima gAthA ko eka vyakti kI sampatti nahIM mAnate samUha kI upaja mAnate hai|rlegl kA iSTikoNa sabase alaga hai vaha gAthA kI utpatti meM vyakti vizeSa ko uttaradAyI ThaharAtA hai| cAinDa gAthA ke sarva prathama nimAna meM vyaktivAda ko to svIkAra karatA hai parantu usameM kisI vyaktitva vizeSa (paraTIkulara parasane liTI) kA astitva nahIM maantaa| isameM satya kyA hai yaha to nahIM kahA jA sakatA parantu AlocakoM ne gAdhA kIutpatti meM lagabhaga sabhI siddhAntoM kA sahayoga batAyA hai| jaina sAhitya kI prAcIna pratiyoM meM prayukta gAthA zabda bhI AkhyAna tathA chanda ke hI sUcaka hai| 15vIM zatAbdI meM upalabdha hone vAlI aneka racanAoM meM vo gAthA chanda ke lie hI prayukta huI hai| gAthA zabda ke zilpa aura isa ciraprAcIna AdhAra para yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki gAthAoM meM jisa mAsyAna kA saMketa hai, vahI paravIM kAla meM kyA parita kAvyoM ke mUla meM rahA hogaa|gaathaa ne paravartI hindI sAhitya ko bhI paryApta sma meM prabhAvita kiyA hai|muktk sAhitya aura gAthA saptaratI kI bhAvi hindI meM likhe gae savasaIbandha isake udAharaNa ko nA sako hai| ata: loka sAhitya tathA ziSTa sAhitya donoM meM mAthA babva isanA adhika pracalita thA ki isa nAma se svatra grantha hI upalabdha hote hai| loka gAzA baDI banapriya hotI inakI paraMparA bhI anuzca vivadha dii| sAtha hI isameM melA, kyAlaya, alaMkarama rakSitatA, padoM kI punarAvRtti mUlaka Teka pada, sthAnIya raMgoM meM barAbora, nItimUlakavA, upadeza tathA pravAhapUrNa ne kAvyoM kI mAthAeM hotI hai jinakA ravitA saMvaiva hI bAta rAtA thaa| rAjasthAnI yA barAbI kAvyoM mA vAtAnoM meM isa barA ke kA amita mAmaka yA premAmmAna gA mAla kA prabandha, mahendra-bhUmala, maNimA, sAviAramAdi simA yo utkRSTa gAthAeM kahIM jA sakatI - de vI sAhityakoDa ..48 prakAzamAna maMDala kAzI, pradhAna sammAna DA. dhIrendra vrmaa|

Page #819
774 hai / pAzcAtya sAhitya bhI aMgrejI meM baiTha ko gAthA kA rUpa diyA jAne lagA hai parantu lokagIta ko gAthA kahanA bahuta samIcIna pratIta nahIM hotA kyoMki loka gIta meM sabhI vizeSatAeM nahIM hotI jo gAthA meM hotI hai| jo bhI ho, ukta vivecana se gAthA kI prAcIna paramparA aura ki kA paricaya mila jAtA hai| gAthA saMjJaka upaladha hindI jaina kRtiyoM meM choTI choTI racanAe~ upaladha hotI hai jinakA vilva bhI mAthA kI meyatA se omoda gAthA saMjaka choTI choTI tIna racanAeM milatI hai| yoM to upalabdha jaisA tathA mAkhyAna mUlaka lagabhaga sabhI caritra anthoM ko gAthA kahA jA sakatA hai| parantu gAthA nAma samiti kI jAne vAlI nimnAMkita racanAoM kA sAhityika dRSTi se koI vizeSa mahatva paricita nahIM hotA upaladha racanAeM hai: 1- maMgala mAthA 1- AzakimAthA 30 kamma bhUmi gAthA ye tInoMracanAeM jaisalamera ke bar3e maMhAra kI hai| khanAeM aprakAzita hai kAvya paricaya ke hogaa| ina racanAoM meM chanda prAdhAnya hai jAna bhI lie eka udAharaNa gA~va hai: jo gaMga virarAva nA vihi kina jo mAra devi nara jo yaha pAvanA banAivi simba jo garama vikalAI dinca, badanAvara hi boriti dRSTi se hI ko hI hogii| isa ranAmoM meM sthAvatya nahIM ke barAbara hai| kA nAma mAtra hai| mAthA kI paramparA sambandhI vivaraNa ko kathAtmaka yA raktAyoM ke lie banA jA sakatA hai|vh bhI sambhava hai ki racanAoM kI ThIka se soca nahIM ho pAI raktAvoM meM yAthA

Page #820
775 hosTa aura zoca hone para gAthA mUlaka aneka kathA pradhAna geya racanAeM uthalabutha ho / relyA / teer ka jo racanA upalabdha hotI hai unake AdhAra para vaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki paramparA kI dRSTi se revA banda bahuta prAcIna nahIM lgtaa| apa maiM mI vAstrIya dRSTi se revA ke nAma para kucha bhI nahIM milatA hai / parantu isa jainakRtiyoM meM revA nAma se abhihita kaIracanAeM upalabdha hotI hai| vastutaH relaA zabda kA artha ratiyA yA hai|vh baila jisase mana ko Ananda prApyA ho, mana kI ruci ho / manaralI, raliyAmA mAdi da kahIM kahIM prayukta hote milate hai inake AdhAra para yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki mana kI kavi se paripUrNa ko jo ullAsa pradhAna hotA hai relamA kahate haiN| eka dUsarI pramukha bAta yaha hai ki rAjasthAna ke loka area kA adhyayana karane para relamA zabda loka gIta ke lie uddhava huA milatA hai| ataH yaha lokamI kA eka prakAra thA |dhiire dhIre yaha rejAinA adhika va kilI kaviyoM kA gAyA kAvyakAroM ne ise kAvya meM prayukta karanA prArambha kara diyaa| loka sAhitya kI vaha baiThI dhIre dhIre itanI adhika prati huI ki kAlAntara meM hara rekumA eka prakAra kA vizeSa hI kA vArenA para isase adhika jAnakArI upayudha nahIM ho skii| sambhava ske| hai ki isameM bodha hone para revA ke naye vikI dRSTi se adhyayana karane para revA laka racanA bhI mahA ke tigAna kI hotI hai jinameM usake caritra kI bAkarSaka yA sarva parilakSita mITho gItoM kI para liye jAte the, jinako ulkAra meM Akara kA bAtA rahA hogaa| ve ramArtha me yA lokatatva ko lie hotI hai| retunA karanAre milatI hai unameM adhika to nahIM milatI para jo hai unameM bhI kAvya kI dRSTi se sAdhAraNa yA kI upalabdha hotA hai| loka

Page #821
776 gItoM ke batvoM kA bAdhAra lekara calane vA isa beTI ko ziSTa sAhityameM pracalita karane ke kAraNa hI relbA mahatvapUrva ranA prakAra kahA jA sakatA hai| mAya kaviyoM ke relamA kAvyoM kA rekhA ke zilpa ko samane ke lie adhyayana kiyA jA sakatA hai| boM kI eka hoTI sI racanA hai jo salamera ke bhaMDAra upalabdha TI hai| rajanAkAra bhAva hai| vi meM prArambha meM hI ApalI mA Teka ke rUpa meM bahu ratu mavi raliyA jAie.- eka bar3I de dI hai| kAvya kI dRSTi se racanA sAdhAraNa bhASA vIM bAidI ke bApAna kI hai|rmaa meya aura kama pracalita hai| mAnoM ke upakala barita ko apanA bAbA banAne ke rUpa meM mila gaI hai| bhASA kA pravAha aura bAda mamatkAra dRSTavya hai: desana ra vi azyArita gala mAvi kara diya mAhi moDa kAjala banA saca thA dhamma viu vita nAmA gAvi gayia liAmara nAmini miDiyA mADi vipari bAla banyA ni mAvikoharA miti sahita nikAsa yi satyaka samAna bAbA mAmila rahA bAmamo imi para pazikpi saMcAdhiri bAbA () mabarasa kesa mAna samAcAra rAmabANa bAbA mari vimariyA basa mubhimA ) jIpAlamA revA: hA sisI yaha racanA bhASA aura kAvya kI

Page #822
o o o dRSTi se yaha racanA sAdhAraNa hai para loka mIta kI bhAti gAye jAne ke kAraNa yaha eka prakAra ke pada kI bhAti prayukta hone lagI aura prArambha meM calI aura phira eka usI jhI ko bAra bAra iharAyA jAne krama milatA hai| gAliyana ke anAna kara devaloka pahuMcane ke sambandha racanA 1 chaMdoM meM samApta huI hai|rcnaa ajhyaavdhivprkaashi| mUla prati kalamera bhaMDAra meM hai Om kI prati likhI gaI hai| racanAkAra azA ramA 4vIM zatAbdI kI loka pASA mUlaka : lana sosiya garIra avira viDila dehaDiyA dave daDa canA mAie sAlima abhadrAdhare pAtA taka kipi na laghu jaba deva muni mala matima gAtra ke saMcAriyA pahanA uDaTara daki siri viravahanAri asImi dIna sAlimA urabasI paloTa pa kA upaE pAri Nidhina isa para bIviyara bhasamupahiyA gaya mArinemAri kAra samiti pramaNi Thiyavara bhASika mAtA paba mAri maya dAmapi na mAra dvArA puDka bahu sigAri kArivIra vivi ini ma me rivAra (an kA milA mAyAmA manAta viriyA va hogI boDiyama banA . isa prakAra pUrI rakhanA bariskA ko mAna / kAya kI dRSTi meM aisI ramAnoM kA nAmAvaam mATI va zA bhASA

Page #823
778 murAkaLI reyaa| // gAdhAnoM meM kisI eka ba ramA purAvalI relvA milatI hai| devI relayA meM likhI yaha loka gIti mulaka rakhanA comamUrti kI hai| prati jaisalamera ke durga baMDAra meM puravita hai| muAvatI paTAvaThI kI mAvi jaina gungoM ke kA varNana hai| vana mAdha tathA pravAhapUrNa bhASA kI dRSTi se rakhanA sarata hai| bhASA kI paralabA aura kAvya kA purAvalIna dRSTasya : marajA pahANa gujariyahA viva ki u viya lobamAra e mukti ramami jima maha bare vAcalI ) jaba aMgaI vivaraNa mizeSa ami jila bAcArika nava kiri abhiyAI jama parAgaNa mamAri ko gAya #ja ra vArSika yo nima baDu ilAja hari sira Dhaka kA nimADa sa saMga baha nimmalana tihuyana mabaharU vA nAbhi iriyA nAda (4) bAmA nimA nayAya bAya bara para zApi nAti bhUri yo ni mAyApati paripuri baha ra miti vinimAvi gomana saba bA jina para rivIha pAnA bhAva (0-60 kama purAvaLI ko manAth. sA purAvAhiko paDhAyo mani pArasI se vAyA bokSa mArobArA bAki dera (10 isa ayamA paramparA mAna revA meM hone se isa racanA kA mAla purAnI yA prakAra rekhamA taka rakhanA hoTI, beya wrm ga nirmita pradhAna hai| kAmI iSTi mA bAdhA kI aura kI kaI rakamA timI jinameM ke at ( cirasi purAvaLI niyaIdhamAna maNi viracita

Page #824
779 apAmamA pUrvAvalI Adi pramuga hai parantu kAvya kI dRSTi se racanAeM sAdhAraNa hai| cArAyaNa zaka racanAeM pI pradhAna hai| gahaca mAtrikA rada kA eka peda hai| isa mada meM bhAnu ne ge sana bavAra hai usa niyama kI prAya: kaviyoM ne upekSA kI hai| vIrAja rAso meM pramata isa chada kA prayoga banda ne kiyA hai| sUradAsa meM bhI bAndrAyaNa ki gAvA hai| isa chanda kA sAmAnya layama .. kula 25 mAra thA , para yati mAtrA jagaNa meM maiM ( m, yA "mAtrA ragama vyA a milatA vastutaH mahanda mAlapama dikavi plagabamilatA julatA hai| puravAsane padoMTeka ke saya meM isa chanda kA prayoga kiyA hai| kaviyoM ne isa chanda ko ivanI adhika prasiddhI pradAna kI ki isake nAma se unhoMne racanAmoM kA nAmakaraNa bhI prArambha kara diyaa| bastu cAndrAyana kI paramparA prAkRta se bhI mila jAtI hai| racanAeM vilepana bAkti: prastuta rAnA banera ke mAhArA gati / rakhanA / ramA jiyorimA yI hai| jiyoSIya rAmA kavi mI sasyA aura yA yiA / kA ra mAvikI hotA yo kaThina aura vimA pradhAna hokivi upAsanA meM inakAra cinapraboSa e morralA kI navInatA, .-bhAlI vimAna kISika dezi bhAnu prabhAkara pu.955-56) + mArava vIra sAgaraNa byo-dekhi rakhAmara-maba 150

Page #825
780 adyAvadhi prApta sabhI racanAoM bhinnatA prastuta karatI hai| racanA bhASA ko dekhate Dara ravIM zatAbdI ke uttarAdha kI parilakSita hotI hai| pUrI racanA 6 gAthAoM maiM likhI gaI hai| kucha udAharaNa dekhiya: paDhana ra paDhamanADu nirakSaNa viharaM mari puri saMpata sAmikumara paripatra kavi jJAna ke sAkAra svastha janaprabodhiri ko bhakti se namana karatA hai| jina prabodha candramA kI mAvi suSita hote hai: baMda nimbala nAma nihi jina poDaNIsu lava goSu vara sUrajanesara sIsu / " 11 sI viSi saraha surisa guNa sAyaro lapikiri avayariya gothyo manaharI ula kaviMda vivena baMda par3a, nAma nihi // 1 // ates sAyaka caMda jivi pavoha munirAja vi kumaya paDhi boDayara vihuvaNi jo viksAu ||1|| joya farera guru padma jima ballaho, maMda putrANa jaMtsama jo illaho / fare mhAi jo saba kyu boDara baMda samura sohara ||2|| isa prakAra kavi ne ke jJAna kA bAda ve bAdhakara jyotsanA bhI boca faemoM kA prakAza kiyA hai| antima pada meM kA yaha mAna aura bhI vivara uThAtA hai| jisameM kavi ne sAmara ko bArA ravi ko aura kadramA ko kalaMkita karAyA hai gharoM meM ve vipro ko vina maNa meDa- kavi upamAnoM kI upameya ke samaya apanI AlaMkArika railI meM kIkA siddha kiyA hai| vana kI svAbhAvikatA ullI : sAmaka vArasa ravi kimi carika viSayama yuga mahage | // 1 // neuvabhinna kimmataka Dukkara taba sa bAbA kA jala vAyarI- (2 ||cNdraaynaa)

Page #826
781 isa prakAra kavi ne eka dohA dekara usake divatIya viSaya caraNa kI punarAvRtti karake maulika hada banAne kA prayAsa kiyA hai|khmaa bheTI, parasa tathA apaca ke zabdoM kA Adhikya lipa hai vo usakI prAcInavA siddha karatI hai| pUrI ranA bhakti bhAva meM DUbakara guru dakSiNA ke mameM kaNi ne likhI hai, aisA pratIta hotA hai| - zrIjinezvara sUri caMdrAmA - 12 chandoM kI eka aura rakhanA jinAvara pUri candrAyaNA upalabdha huI kavi prArambha meM namaskAra karake racanA prArambha karatA hai| isa skA meM bhI jina prabopari candrAyayA kI bhAti binezvara dhari kI pUjA kI gaI hai| patu isameM kavi ne kyA sampaba do parivartana kiyA hai| racanA geya hai tathA bAra bAra pure bada kA prayoga bar3A sundara lagatA hai| mASA meM apaja ke zabdoM kA bAhulya hai| kavi racanA kA pa prArambha meM hI spaSTa kara detA hai. hahi paMca pari vika amimbA karigharavarapAraMgo pani mari pipika pUri dina vihAna mubamI rAmagaDa bhavana ni bAba niti karA kodo homa mini vippA cipi para hari paDo (1) bAmeramA pani prabara kI mAmA aura prabhAva kA varNana kiyA mA khanA se bhASA vA sAdarIke svarAdha kI parikati hogii| ramA kA katI mAya gara, pApa, ma. mamApi gAnoM sameta rahane vAle mArave vAle vinayara rilie lilI maI : pa ra bAyo re bara bara Ei puSa maNi karaMDo parepadiya nivAsa para bArI, mubaI kina riyara puIi bIro ko tina dhana rAzI visaIyA bhUmi tivAyA

Page #827
he vitta maha jasa jasAvaDI, kahahi kAmatta jimi saramaNIya urecanda vara pancha usakha dhIro jure sayala avaya AgamagahIro jurekAma dhari baDaha jaga maikdo kimbAI viyapa puSivariyo (5-) racanA meM kavi ne vyA sthAna hAnya parivartana bhI kiyA hai jisase usameM meyatA banI rahatI hai: musadhi vidhAna sabhAmure ra mayaNa bhagA mama balama hare piDi par3asi nigamara yUriyA navavA na mAna cAra se (10) gaya guDiDaya paksari varada mana karahi bhayana mana calaDivarka vaha vApinesara hi mumata para nahaba na guDiya garva isa prakAra choTI sI rabamA hone para bhI isakA apanA mahatva hai|kaavy kI dRSTi se racanA kA mahatva sAdhAraNa hai| para racanA prakAra kI isTi se bAndrAyana kA apanA svatra mahatva hai| vipakikA, santatikA, Adi kI bhAti aSTaka taka racanA bhI upalabdha hotI hai| inaramAnoM ke pI yA kArya karatI hai| mAmdoM meM yo ramA sampUrNa hotI ho sampavayaH kavi ne usI racanA ko mttkaamttkpii| strAoM kI mAlika aura mAvAlI mA hotIkavi ullArapradhAna ATha chandobokine mAla kA puna mAna vATaka kAlAntara meM koI banda vimamA hosI bIviya nahIM ho paatii| basa prAmA rasamAnApAra para bImA pAkimayoM kI hI pradhAnatA

Page #828
783 - jinapari aSTaka - kAjya yaha racanA salamera hu bahAra kI eka apUrNa prati ke upAya visakI prArambhika paliyA paMDita hai| racanAkAra bAta hai| pUrI racanA meM racanAkAra ne kAmadeva kI binabhadrasUri lie IsvI kA varNana kiyA hai|yn kI pratipUrti jinamari kAma ke sAtha yuddha meM kabhI nahIM hAra sakate kavi isI lAya se nibhari para prastuta gaTaka sitA hai| rakSA meM bhASA aura kAma kI maramA gayA thA jaba munAvi mayata muhAramA mandhiya ra mAra prAna TakA baba bajiya barasa barasa mAra mAra papidiya vApisa dhavala puraMdhara rAma nAga siMmAra samApiNa hathiyAra pAva raha saya pariya maiti nizva puraMga dala tava mayana rAma bola sakka paravimati bappA parami bhaSA muSita zabhA amhArara, kA mAimA DAvA bATa barabAramAra mA sammiA wias kisa prakAra zivAne para kAma kara liyA apanI bArI mAkara pryogaa| aura sAkAra kAma karAyA hai| bAbA rAmasI kA samaya kiloriyoM kI moDaitin hogI aura mamatva aSTA nimA garamAbAra ravi ini ini ra - lipi mara mi bolAmA niniya huna pasamA bama pr|

Page #829
784 moDa koDa uda pamuha mayA rAya pagaDa parapi bhai ko kAra mahakyApi na lagA somayaNa rAva bala bala pati rimA guca ravi pADiyA kharatara machi jinapada mUri jagi jasa paDA banA vika (or) isa tarA jinamA sari baSTaka pUri bI ke sAdhana patha meM gAne vAle vikAroM ke nirAkaraNa kA kAma karatA hai| enA prakAzita hai| bhASA kI dRSTi meramA 1vIM bavAdI uttarAIba kI hI kI gA sakatI hai| isIravanA kI pAla eka anyASTaka taka racanA kamabhUmi mAthASTaka aura milatI hai para zAkAvya kI dRSTi se mahatvapUrNa nahIM hai| viSaya pravAna: vizva pradhAna rakhanAmoM vilaya kA vaividhya milatA hai aura kArya vijaya ke AdhAra para hI inakA adhyayana prastuta kiyA gayA hai| yoM to parita, panAyA kAvya tathA prabandha saMzaka lagabhaga mI kAvya viSaya pradhAna hI hai lekina mAkti rakhanAmoM ke viSaya meM vaiyA vaividhya milatA hai yA pUrvavarSika ramAnoM meM nahIM milaa| isIlie isakA saba sa meM ziyana pekSita mA gagA hai| *pariNAga vAripAThI kA mAmA pAloM para lI hai| mandiroM kI vividha prakAra kI mAmA mA vibhinna niyoM kI parimADiyoM m mAravArI ramAboM kA nAmakaraNa miaayaa| bApI- navAndokIyAkA boSa mAne ke lie ko paka sapI milI rI rakamAnoM meM ho| caitya paripAThI, va parivAgAvApADI vAdipila gAje jo saba ekI nAva pariNAmI bAvakoM ga namana, mailA vyA pAnA Adi

Page #830
785 sabhI A jAte hai| upaladha caitya paripAThI saMjJaka racanAoM meM jaina mahAstroM tathA prasiddha tIrtha sthAnoM ke caityAlayoM aura vahAM ke tapa ke prabhAva varNana milatA hai| cairya paripAThI zaka kaI racanAe~ milatI hai ye saba racanAeM eka hI viSaya caitya varNana sambandha rakhatI hai| inameM vaividhya bhI hai parantu pradhAnayA vastu vabaina kI DI hai ata: inheM viSaya pradhAna kahA jA sakatA hai| kucha pramukha racanAoM kA viSaya ullekhanIya hai - zrI caitvaparivAdI prakA zrI jaya caitya parivAr3I racanA jaisalamera irma bhaMDAra meM surakSita hai| racanA hai tathA kRtikAra hai zrI somprbhmni| racanA zvAdI uttarAya kI hai bhASA Adi ko dekhakara yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki pratidina gAye jAne ke kAraNa meM racanAe~ bar3I lokapriya rahI hogii| pUrI racanA 19 chedoM meM lI gaI hai| prastuta racanA kA viSaya jaya tIrtha ke vaityoM kyA devatAoM kA varNana hai| racanAkAra ne rivana kI vaMdanA kara kRti ko prArambha kiyaa| kRti meM ArAdhanA aura upAsanA Adi ke varNana hai tAkInI hai: ke sAmane kI mI vAda vineriDi nacAi Thokna zanivAra bhaI navarAi kaThinAi kumAra dina pIka (104) kavi ne mandira meM sthita bhI nAmoM kA sthAna kyA sambhava varNana kiyA hai pArA se namana kiyA hai| gAyA vara tathA parivAr3I kA pratiki vaityAlayoM meM pATha hotA hai| kavi kii| te dohoM ke pUrA kAvya lie hai| mAyA ke pravAha kavi ne vibhinna caityakulako deva vA kyA hai| udAharaNa :

Page #831
786 tea jaga moDiyara loyana anita thAI tIratha thor3A mAhi bavi avayava jahi ThAi deva kuliya vAjatarahiM bAta binavara deva aTThAvana sammeya muDa kara tIratha sena maha iyAriva bhoraDiya guru ra vaDiThAi govA maMDapa jAi kari gagahA nibhivaI pAna maMdIra vari bhAumA dIdina veiya ramma vAra vimalagiri vAda to Diya kampa nimAvaMDa niya bariya bati hi mama mA ina maMDapa dina bAikari raksi jinavara vijJa vAmine namA sAvana s pUja saba juna sa dIkha kiri giranAra (19:23) janta meM kavi caitya pravAr3I ko sabasepane ko prabodhakara maMgala kI kalpanA karatA hai: pahaji caivADinara paDha mumaIni siriyA nipAti Rear are der vana hai| kAvya kI dRSTi se adhika camatkAra upalavdha nahIM hotaahai| : zrI peya paripAThI : bhAdarAya meM kA~ma avatAra viracita parivA hIrA ke kavi the aura unake dvArA racita vividha kI raknA 21 doM meM likhI gaI hairata hai| racanA meM kavi ne lagacama 1- pATavAra: vijaya jI saMgrahaH satka prati paa02-10|

Page #832
787 sabhI vIrtha mandiroM aura prasiddha sthAnoM kI caitya pratibhAvoM kA varNana kiyA hai| sAgara 15 zatAbdI ke kavi hai ataH unakI marakA pravAhapUrNa vathA atyanta sarala hai| yaha caityaparipATha aprakAzita hai racanA meM pATaNa baDallIpura, rAyapura semuMjagiri giranAra talloka, pAlItANA, nAgar3ha bAdi aneka sthAnoM ke varNana hai racanA afarers tathA sarala hai| kavi ne vaMdanA se hI kAvya prArambha kiyA hai: manoraMgi bhaI ApaNa buddhimAnI va bAra phirIbaMdiyaI cuMbanasAmI # va bAdi ve vaMdiyA bhAvasAra balI te jine baMdimA bAra bAra kAvya kI dRSTi se racanA ke eka hI udAharaNa dRSTavya haiM: paramArthada apAra bArabAra mana ulhasiya Dija girisaha sani tarhi usIsama rAyaNi vali pramupAya triNi pradakSiNa dekare mayi sallodvAra kara vimalamiri vara hire samata gIkAra, sAra vrata uri ApaNa pari siddha beji supremi yA saMtAna saMcitA vA kumaviSaya . samasta devUna jAgi -NTE - prAya (4-6) hiDi Di malA pAsa dehimADa DevanI pUrI (16) isa daurAna deviyA mahAna krimadeva mAnatvA deviyA kAgadAca samA mahAsAgara bodhi lAmA (11)

Page #833
788 isI prakAra pUrI nAmeM kavi ne lagamana sabhI prasiddha jaina tIrthoM aura jaina racanAvoM kA barSana diyA hai| ganya kI dRSTi se rakSA gANAra hai| prastuta caitya paripAThI soraThA aura basa meM likhI gii| - zrI nagarakoTa tI tyaparipAThI munijayasAgara kI dUsarI rakhanA zrI nagarakoTagI tyaparipAThI hai racanA prakAzita hai| kavi ne prastuta racanA magara koTa ke tIrthoM kA bArakArika varSama kiyA hai| kavi ne mandira meM bike nagara koTa vI mandiroM kA bharasa tathA citrAtmaka prakAra pradhAna vana nigavya aura pApA kI dRSTi se rakhanA ke kucha barasa sthala ullekhanIya hai|mndir meM sthita devavAnoM kA vibhinna inTAyoM ivArA bana dezipa: bimahari bImArI mani mAdhikareTa managara bopanamA bipadarAbA vivi vI soDavapa mAvi mArA bAbIDa mArivAra rAma barAla cima mArane kilita (1) yAvArinivAsiAba gogAMammam - - pATara - Ant

Page #834
789 navapibi puSita bama binasara va jaNa nakoDa yA saNI pAmA paramAda pAdhi para koTilaya mAmila bhI pirAmi mahamana koDAta vimA zuSa aMgArAma mAriri ni bhavani ra praviSiyA ya devAlaya koThI nAri ra vIrajiNa deva -" isa prakAra na bairavaparipAThIka rakhanAoM meM varSoM aura mandiroM meM sthira devatAboM ke prabhAva kA varNana milavAne banAe kevaLa pAsa kI dRSTi se mAtyapUrNa hai| sipI motimA para gAya kI dRSTi ino utanIya goM kA mAna pAritaSiddha hotaa| . bArAbAyA. pArAmA kAbara ragaDabavAha barasa aura bigara bAlAjAmA nAkAmiyoM ko mArI kI onld, ga pAna mAra ramana, ratna mAyA para garagAvApAzI paramparA para vicArale tiramA vAma mAlikAnA hI paramAta sAlI gAvadhi mAtIkoM kA pApaNa mI mI muni kisa bImArAmANimAlA -biyA- prA .

Page #835
720 usameM bArAmAne zaka kurA phuTakara varSamA prA meM mila jAte hai| upalatha hone vAlI ramAnoM meM pI DA.nAmavara siMha ne bArAmA sarva prathama racanA niyantrapUrita neminAtha vikA-ko arAvA sAtha hI use amala kA bhI kahA hai parantu donoM hI pIka nahIM hai| neminAtha bampavikA apAMva kI rakhanA nahI hokara prAcIna rAjasthAnI kA purAnI diI kI rakhanA hai| neminAtha bampadikA kAma para vistAra meM vicAra pichale maramA saMjaka rabamAnoM ke adhyAya meM kiyA gayA hai| mekmiA eka dikA eka to mapa kI gati nahIM purAnI hindI kI hai| mAM kI khamAnoM meM bhI nArAmAmA sazaka eka prAcInatama racanA upalabdha huI hai jisakA nAma :maarnaakaa-| yaha raphnA zrI amarabaMda nADA me pragati kI hai| mAyA orienTala sIrIja se prakAzita panastha na mADarIba anya sUcI kA pramANa meM vAipIya pratiyoM kA jo parikA aai vA usameM dhari sAhibAra apAMca racanA kI prArambhika kI gAthAoM aura anta kI meM udayava 10 gAthAoM kA mAma zrI gAMdhI ne pI- bAramA vAdA mAra para diyA hai| vastutaH apAra kI bhayAvadhi upAya bArahamAyaroM meM bA rasA prAcIna apanI bArahamAga purAnI sImAvikAlIna rabamAnoM pIparahiinAnya vimAna viNiTE-pI nimAramA kA for" - ma laaminnyaa-maavissyii| vAmiyomA gAbhAra TETam navIna... :-salamAnAvArIbI -vAmA orienTakarIba sArA

Page #836
791 jaina kaviyoM dvArA liye bArahamAse 1vIM zatAbdI se prArambha ho jAte haiM tathA pratyeka zAdI ke upaladha hote hai| 1vIM se lekara 20vIM zatAbdI taka jaina kaviyoM ne bhAratamA kI isa dhArA ko avyAhata Age bar3hAyA hai| sI se bhI adhika bArahamAse nAhaTA jI ke saMgraha meM vidyamAna hai| ina kaviyoM meM sAmAnyataH caitra masAnta se hI bArahamAsA prArambha karane kA niyama hai parantu bhinna bhinna kaviyoM ne apanI kavi ke anusAra kisI mI mafe ko mukhyamAnakara usI se varNana prArambha kara die hai| Array or amAnyata: viSaya viraha varNana hotA hai| grIna varSA zivira AdiriyoM meM virahiNI nAyikAoM kA jIvana vipralaMbha pUrNa ho jAtA hai ataH bArahamAsoM meM vipralaMbha aMgAra hI pramukha rasa hotA hai| anta meM milana dvArA kavi rasaniSpaTiva meM sahAyaka hotA hai kaI bArahamAsoM meM milana nahIM bhI ho paataa| aisI sthiti meM paise bArahamAse vipralaMbha meM sarAbora viraha kAvya bana jAte haiN| saMskRta kA meghadUta, apaca meM sarveza rAsaka aura purAnI hindI kI vinayacanda kRti neminAtha catuSpadikA aise kAvyoM meM se haiM jinameM birairasa pUrNataH chalakatA hai| areerat aafe ko apanI kAvyAtmakatA aura varNana erwear feear kA pUrA pUrA manasara liyA hai| to yaha hai ki yaha va varmana hI aisA hai, jisakA mAvikAoM ke mAdhyama se riyoM kA jIla para prabhAva spaSTa karatA hai| rihanda aura usake utprerita rigAna, koyala aura pIche kI vAvI, ubIca ke upAdAna Adi sabhI gratya jIvana meM eka aura bhI utpanna karate haiN| hamArA ke prakRti aura mAnava isa aura prasiddha hai| Thoko bira bhI adhika ullAsa aura bAda kI varSA karatI hai| vibhinnoM meM honevAlI rijanoM ke anusAra utsava, vrata tathA rinAba bIkana ko ti karate haiN| aura usase jIvana meM eka maharA prabhAva par3atA hai| isake atirikta ritu jaba hamAre bAnapAna vivAha bhojana

Page #837
712 Adi ko prabhAvita karatI hai, ganotsabadhArmika kyiA prakriyA, Adi saba para jaba rituSoM kA anubhya prabhAva par3atA hai vama ritu kAvya apanI samasta madhuratA me apibhUta hokara anusyUta kyoM na hogaa| ritu kAya ke nUna aMkura aura kisalaya ko nahIM bhUTegI mevoM meM riyoM ke sambandha meM aneka sUtra mila gADe hai| bastu rikAmya eka prakAra se jIvana se samajhautA karake calane vAle marmagIta hai jinameM phUla bhI hai to kabhI pIna pI hai do pala bhI, bAmada mI hai to varSa bhI, virAmI hai to milana bhii| bArahamAse niveza prati bhaura mAnaba ke zistana prema aura abhinnatA ke pratIka kAvya mArahamAre loka jIvana se sAta loka kAmya hai| naranAoM ko Aja pI rAjasthAna meM sUba gAvA pAtA hai| janatA kI kavi kA bAbAna karane meM ye kAvya bar3e manAta aura savama hai| ajaina vizvAmoM ne kI aneka bArAmA viparantu jaina kaviyoM kI mAvi umameM likhane kI kriyA aura paraMparA kA abhAva hone ke kAraNa rasAyaM puravita nahIM skii| unatara racanAeM prAcIna nahIM miltii|hindii sAhitya meM bhI bArahamAnoM kA varNana bama gAyasI se pUrva adhyAvadhi nahIM milatA thaa| vara rAvasthAnI granthoM meM bhAvAnala kAmavalA bArahamAsA milA hai| galapi adhikAravAramA kAma tiA lina aura na para kaviyoM hamArA hi bArahamAsa vastu ke bAda ko baayo| mArakamAmAnoM ne pI mAorI pIgara magara gAvaTI kI pratimA bAramA cioprAcIna ramAilo pati aura rItikA vAya, ra hiArI vAvivAranAme kilo mAnoM m on 1.ma.nlIka, sloka 1-01 ..hindI pona varSa. .. para zrI amarabancha mATA kA lekh|

Page #838
793 meM ballAmAha samada kAlI, mahammada puramahI ahamada sairAsAha Adi me 199 padayoM taka ke bar3e bArahamAse likhe hai| nAdikAlIna hindI jaina kAvya meM upalabdha mArahamAsoM meM ku kA vika paricaya yahI kiyA jA rahA hai: seminAtha sumyAdikA neminAbha bampadikA ne hI hindI sAhitya meM sarvaprathama bAramAmA ko prArambha kiyA hai| me bhinAya bampadikA rAjamatI ke viraha aura vipralama kA eka raMma caudha hai jisameM kavi ne rAjula ke viraha ko apUrva tallInatA kyA kAvyAtmatA sesaMjIgara hai| racanA ke kAvya para pUrva bampavikA saMjaka ravanAoM vA adhyAya meM prakAza DAlAmA cukA hai| - neminAtha bArahamAsA rAmro / 14vIM vAivI ke utarAIgha meM yaha ramA milI hai|yh bArahamAsA apUrNa hai| racayitA kA nAma pAlama hai| prastuta racanA kI prati 15vI tAbdI kI upa ma ta racanA 14vIM javAbUdI kI hI ho sakatI hai| ramA ki pIne sAba pIantertam - bhAra mAra pauSa kI misAramA kI pAnA parasabAra bAra kA mAmA hai| ka rana kA yadi rAya hotA to rakhanA kAya lalitya mAra mAraNyA lipI gopI pariyA prAnasAgabhayAna aura pApA parivatiya pani ho - + bIgara meM puravitA

Page #839
714 kAsamIra mukha maiDama devI bArasari pAlnu pamamevI padmAvatiya baksAra nAmi ki devI kaI bInavauM parila prayAsa me pima me kavitva guNa samma nivAsI gina rAimA yioga payo bArahamAsa payAma rAyo bhagai vijayapa rAyamara pAma dhIra bAmavacAre parikari deva na doSa dinu gAmi mayA kari girnaare| sAvavi prathama kA meho pAvasi para maipi viDo khu mora lAI abagAra baha viDa bIja sivaI phavAha koyala mAra kyA bhavaravai vivIDa upAha koI gAva maimi niSivaM vizu para mAri kima gamagaDa gAe racanA kA nAmakaraNa kavi ne rAma kiyA gayaSi prastuta Sar3ayoM ke racanA meM rAma kI vizeSatAeparilakSita nahIM hotI para kaviprArambhika ko mara rAma line ke saMkalpa se yaha spaSTa hai ki racanA avazya hI bArahamAse kI vastu ke rUpa meM rAma meM likhI gaI hogii| pUrI racanA ke prApta hone para saMbhavataH racanA zilpa kA mahatva spaSTa ho gayA bhArabamA kA prArambha kavi ne padmAvatI, vAyaravarI, panAvaDI, kaumArI yA avikA gAdi deviyoM ko mAra dI hai| rakhanA bArahamA varNana sAmAvika nayA sIkha hotA hai| dIrArAmanya rasilA mArAmAga mArogA rAya kAya kA praNayana kiyA hai| - bArIgara kati prati vivAma *. 159

Page #840
pUrI kavi kavi ne bArahamAsA prArambha karane kI apanI hI mAnyatA raksI kavi caina se prArambha na kara bArahamAsA mArgazIrSa se hI prArambha karatA hai| pUrI racanA koza ke vira kA nutAya hai| rakhanA meM kAvyAtmaka maramatA hai|hiiraamnd pUri kI kAvya mAnA kA paricaya unakI vibhinna prakAra kI anekoM ranAvoM ke vizleSaNa dvArA pUrva adhyAyoM meM diyA jA cukA hai| birahI koza kA parita bAramAsa lie kara kavi ne apane kAvya ko viraha kA latA strota banAkara prastuta kiyA hai| koza bAsya bArahamAsa ke upayukta nAyikA hai jisakA pArA mauvana aura vikAsa yUktimaka kI sAnA aura vikSiA prANa dIvA kI agina meM pulasakara raha gyaa| vastutaH prastuba bArAmA meM kavi ne bar3I saphalatA koza ke viraha anudAya kA varNana kiyA hai| pASA sarasa aura pravAhapUrNa hai| mahimA bAramA kI mAli kI me neminAtha bArahamAsA bhI liyA hai| racanAkA ki kyA sana adhAlaya bIkAnera meM surakSita hai| prastuta racanA kI pAka Adi ke lie eka bo udharama isa prakAra hai| isameM kaI pATha sambandhI aTiyAM mila jAtI hai: aravi masati zrImapi marIIe bAgIya pAnIya gurU pavAra ki bogI / piTa pivara barasAta bIpi marIza in agarImA bAkAnI TMEETara pAkhIpUra pAnIko maravArobArI kI mAmAlinI merI mAvarI sagarI nA kisAna sA kAma hai| isa prakAra bAramAsA bhAnI cAnIya, virAmAna, riyoM kA varNana Adi bhI milate hai bhAsiyoM kA sammA lina bhyA maa|

Page #841
neminAtha phAma baarhmaasaa| pArA kI isa apUrva kRti ke pAbA vIM zatAbdI meM kAga meM lilI maI eka bArahamAsA kAvya-neminAtha kAga bArahamAsA- upalabdha hotA hai| isa bArAmAsA ke racayitA kami hai| pUrI racanA 1 mAthAyoM meM pUrI I hai| kavi ne svayaM apanA nAma meM spaSTa kara diyA hai. kAnha mamA pani rAimA meli tora zAmi mADa parvara prIDI vividha upariNAma prastuta kAma meM gama meM hI liyA gayA hai| isa rAga aura mArAmAmA donoM kAbya prakAroM guNa vidymaanii| racanA kAvyAtmaka syA paryApta sarasa pratIta hotI pA saka aura jana sAdhAraNa kI hai|puuraa kAya bar3A hI basa kA par3A hai| kavi ne meminAtha ke toraNa se bhAga jAne ke prasaMgI gAya prArambha kiyA hai| mAnA kI prAmAvikA iSTavya hai he borama vAma bAvIra yAdava ke baMda pA devI ratha bAlI viza vamita vida ) adhikArI rAja, akelI rAla aura moroMkA madhura bosa paba usakI pIr3A hai me| viraamiikmaayaa| pApI birAme bAva, se purI basa savA sAvana meM rakhako dUra kisAna pArasaka garavAra marAsinyATa aura mokA mirA kA bApa jora deSi giridhArI pATI para vAra mora misabAha pApIra bAjIgara (0 aura bAgavAna yA paTAnoM kI barasA deza maurI (A) mA sorAbora ho gyaa| mora bhAI vAko mI moTI pANigora ke mana mA karomeSa masa vrso| -nAdAnIbAra kI pratimA 15-17 // ra kamiyopI monakAsImandadhAI pAma pU. 1482 //

Page #842
797 aura yadi barasate ho to apanAyA garama garakara larako mt| inhIM bhAvoM ko kavi ne bApAr3a ke mahIne se hI prArambha kiyA hai| bArahamAsA phAga kI mAvi kIDanIya aura meva hote hue bhI viraha kI mammIragarimA se momota hai| bhASA kI saralatA prAsAdikatA aura kAvya kI parasavA dRSTavya hai: puri bAmA nayu morI nayo nA mAI gapisa pApIulA parikA 0 mAme vividha mAsoM meM kAvya kI saramamA dumTavya hai|niprsNbh mAra apane carama para para jAnA hai|vnraab phUla gii| para rAma sbh| pATA parimala se sAre kAnama aura bAbAvana aura pita ho gae ziva ke sira para se ubara bahane vAlI maMgA bhI bAha kA mana nahIM karatI usako aura bhI adhika bar3hA detI hai| racanA ke uttarAIdha meM kavi ne birAmI parama sthiti ko babAga : cinna bAkadaha, sabilI rAi pAsa parimala bAkatI,pUraba kI gAi kahIDa Iyara bIragaMga vAi siri bAsa pAne kI sUcanA devA cAra minAtha ko nahIM meyavA rasa lie koI nahIM mikI manamAnI kI bInamA deTi:bAra bhAjapA koSa bamAbArImI- hAra kAvya ko bIra zivA mAvAsyu ba bArahamAsA eka parasa ga ti bipUrva vA yogaa|

Page #843
718 baravaragaccha pttttaavlii| 15thIM tAdI ke uttarAIca meM antima vAka meM chopacara viracita eka kAvya kharataragaccha paTTAkalI upalabdha hotA hai|pttttaaklii saMlaka racanAoM meM yaha racanA paryApta mAtva kI hai| aitihAsika dRSTi se racanA meM barataragaccha kA itihAsa prastuta kiyA gayA hai| prastuta baTTAkalI kA babase bar3A vaiziSTya vaha hai ki yaha vividha rAmoM meM likhI gaI hai| pASA kI dRSTi se racanA parata kavi ne ganara ke kaviyoM kI SaTTAkaLI prastuta kI hai| rAga aura sanda kA samanvaya ra karama ne apanI apUrva kAbya pratimA kA paricaya diyA hai| -prathamazrI (cavala) rAma dhana dhana jina (TRY) pAu nAna tribhuvana gama mA gAya gAyu tA yamuvAra gaMgAjala niramala mahivale mahanAra zrIkyara svAmI guru anukrami bihaMdive, caMdrakula kapaTa jApiie maka kArAgIya mAhi ati gaTa saratarama masApiie / isa taraha kavi ne vividha do aura rAmoM meM barabaragamA kI sampannatA para prakAza DAlA hai|vo kI iSTi ke isa kAma kamAtya kavi ne barata aura rAjyoM kA prayoga kiyA tArA vanAmaka kAya hone mAlakI ne loTI geTI kar3iyoM ke pada dekara pratyeka ripIDiyA kanda kI kakar3I kA prayoga nA:puruSa bala bAra bAra, kama para parI kAphI dekhi masAnI milA karo gaira mAra devapAka, prani vini pratinIdhiga it homsari bana loba na mohimA - -vihA ki jaina kAma bhI bhArada naassttaa-.|| sAmAnya .nl

Page #844
739 zrI jinadatya sUri gunaga ambikAdevI Adekhi jAniya cijuga juga pradhAna 1 saMyamarI rAbaDai jehi, dIgha zrI jina dharmadAna isa prakAra pUrI racanA 30 chandoM meM samApta huI hai aura vividha DhaMga se kavi ne gala ke mahApuruSa kA sundara guNa gAna kiyA hai| raMgIta kI dRSTi se bhI kavi Adi rAmoM kA samAveza kiyA hai| pada vAle paryo kA zilpa vizeka ne devAsa, chAyA, rAjavallama, yAtrI, racanA meM yAtrI ke antargata kavi ke TraSTavya hai: nava gae tapa baTavAni zrI abhayadevari juna paro prATiupa maNa pAsa zrI jayati bhani jenarI ? pratyeka pada meM e kA bamatkAra pAdapUrti ke rUpa meM ullekhanIya hai: kavi ne racanA prakAra meM navInatA spaSTa dRSTigocara hotI hai mAvA kI tatsamatA dRSTavya hai / kavi ke padoM kA varNanakrama pahale eka merA pada tathA phira buddha harigItikA chanda se calatA hai| varmana krama kI yaha chanda tathA pada paddhati isake pUrva upalabdha nahIM hotii| barasatA tathA madhuratA kI dRSTi se bhI kAvya meM kaI sarasa pada upaladha hote hai|varmana madhu kI dRSTi se bAkI kI punarukti se bar3A huA saundarya iSTavya hai: sAlI ni nama satya bahAra pa jAne taka vicAnsa bArI sAlI para kapila niramala guma maMDhAra barelI yogya hu ki nabara ro pati zrI vinamarija (28) 10 * nahIM 2045

Page #845
800 sAhelI e nagari deuri surataka, suguruvara zrI jinakuzala pUre sAlI e mihiM praNamai ta bhaya bhavivajana bhagati ugati sUre sAlI pavIta jAvahi dohana dvariya vAlada iha sayala dUre sADelI e vI maMdira vilasara saMpati sa vara bhari pUre / / 24) --- paTTAvalI kI hI bhAMti svAvalI racanAeM kI milatI hai jinameM jaisalamera bhaMDAra kI gurAvalI gAthA 6, gurAvalI gAthA 28 Adi racanAe~ prastuta hai| ye racanAeM bhI guru kI paraMparA tathA krama para prakAza DAlatI hai| kAvya kI dRSTi se gurvAvalI saMjJaka racanAeM sAdhAraNa hai| # gupa varNana (jina vallabha sUri guru guNa varNana) zvI zatAbdI kI racanAoM meM zrI nemicandra bhaMDArI dvArA viracita eka racanA zrI jinavallabhasUri guru guNavana milatI hai| gurugoM kA guNagAna karane kI paramparA bahudhA jaina aura ajaina sabhI prakAra ke sAhitya meM mila jAtI hai| racanAkAra me dauDAdoM meM bhASA meM visari kA yaha mAna kiyA hai| pUrI racanA kA uddezya guru kA yuga varma hai aura kavi ne irA kA nAmakaraNa bhI tuma isI ke varNana kI paramparA kA deza pratIta hotA hai| aura kI bImArI hai| vikA mAtA kA juna mAna mila jAtA hai| pavana ke vizva aura paramparA ko ke bainevara vidhavAhitya meM bhI buka kI ataH nemicandra bhaMDArI meM prastuta racanA meM isa racanA hamArA jAne bar3hAyA hai racanA kAma bhASA kI dRSTi hai isake kA hai kI bAta hai| ku mI vipUrNa doDe kesoM se chuTakArA vikAne vAle kevala saMsAra ke paramira hai| bhAga hai| kAla kA mala bar3A bUma hai jo sabako vA jAtA hai| mAyA mor3a se dUra rahakara manuSya yadi guru kI zaraNa meM calA jAya to saMsAra usakA jIvana

Page #846
801 co sakatA hai| sAMsArika roma coka sadaiva usase dUra rhegeN| inhIM AdhyAtmika bhAvanAoM kI ora samAja ko unmukha kara dharma pracAra karane ke lie kavi ne racanA likhI hai| mAdA kI alaMkArikatA lokAtmaka svarUpa aura pravAha ko dekhane ke lie kucha udAharaNa dRSTavya hai: (+) (2) mUDhA minDaDu mUDhapaDU lAgaDu suddha mantri jo mala sUri kahiyo gakcha jima riMga adhira mAciya baMdhavaha, athira riSi giva bAsu jiNavallaha dUri paya namo toDai bhava dui pAsa (7-8) -40 jo jiha kula guru Aiya vahi te mati kati viralA josvi nivayaNu jahiMguNa tahiM ravaMti hADA isama kAla bahu tala bakkata jor3a Thus suviDiya tapai bhittavi vayaritro hoi (14) mAyA moha baccha jaNa ilahalaM jina vidhi jo jina balla sUri ko simu deva (i19) ve kamA cukavattha bharA saMsAra ha ve dina mihire vahanti (12) nirogI Dok pUri kAma ho va viDiva nikA(27) vinimaya (23) racanA 15 kisI gaI hai kI racanA meM kavi ne isI taraha saMsAra ke isoM kA varNana karake kIrA kA mUlyAMkana kiyA hai|any meM raknAkAra : vArakare, pAlisamma vitha ina vidara guNa mama

Page #847
802 naMdA vihi jipa andirahiM ma vihi samudAyo naLa jimapattimUri guru, vihi viNa camma pasAzo (4-15) zuru guNa varSa meM eka isI prakAra kI racanA chappaya sandapI milatI hai| jisakA nAma parataraguNa guNa barSana chaSya hai usakA ullekha sanda pradhAna racanAoM meM kiyA gayA hai| kAvya kI dRSTi se yadyapi isa racanA meM adhika matkAra parilakSita nahIM hotA para AdhyAtmikatA aura guru kI mahattA para prakAza DAlane meM prabhAta ranA kA pUrA mahatva hai| kRpAla nArI saMvAda saMvAda saMzaka racanAoM kA viSaya pArasparika sApa ivArA milI basa vizeSa kA spaSTIkaraNa karanA hotA hai| yaha banA vIM zatAbdI ke uttarAIya kI upalabdha hotI hai| yaha apane prakAra kI pahalI hI racanA hai jisameM viSaya bhI maulika hai| vathA jIvana kI mahatvapUrNa paristhiti kA spaSTIkaraNa karatA hai| svanAkAra Ama hai jisane *. 1957lAkA rAsI ramA kI dI prastuta pUrA kAnya gra saralI hila gayA hai ki pAra kI mArI pArasparika bAda nArAja kI prakRti para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| rakhanA nIti pradhAna kI iSTimApi vA bahuba mAtvapUrNa nahIM hai phira bhI sima kI nAtina bhASA kI prAcIna tira pasI ramAnoM napAnAca bhASA thA ki vidhA kI dRSTi se razAraNoM - hi . mA mukhya mA hili si ma pani pAnI havi ma desi lie nA ni pazu bagiya zoDilakka kori nikAla pUcA nAva vizu vairiyA biyA naba hAra bama "

Page #848
803 pariNiti viyara vIparaka bayAvA karatA OM diyaha Uparai mamma thiyA sAla 3) sIla maMsa Di dhanu kyAsa kulaha unjAlima mAuM jar3a mAra to mAri pidha kivA na pIhara jA kiya bAla vija para nAri gAviya tithi parami timima gAra mAseligamA navalakva dramA thaviva gaThi ikkucyA navadhara nayaSihi na par3A nikIya dA diha koyana kammu navalaca drabaha sigana kimaNi piDhatana dambha (1) anta meM kavi ANu ke viSaya meM bhI do patiyA upalabdha hotI hai racanA batkAlIna pracalita na bhASA zata: prayoga kuda kaThina ho gae hai| bhoja ke gandoM kA bhI prayoga adhika hai Ama kI bhASA vIM zatAbdI kI hone se usa para apAMva kA prabhAva adhika sama meM milatA hai kAvya kI dRSTi seracanA sAdhAraNa hai| nirNaya khAsa banA prakAra hogaa| gi samAva ka ma hokara dUsare pIra mAnava bola rakhanA upAbha hotIrAma kI pTilA maacaar| mAranA na panI vizeSa guNI ko prastuta karatI hai|kaavyaa seramA gadhAra meM likhI gaI racanAeM bayApi adhika nahIpalado TImaramA milI hai unameM se eka yo ava bAlA hai dUsarI

Page #849
8.4 kAvya kI dRSTi se sAdhAraNa 1 anAthI kulaka pATana bhaMDAra meM upalabdha eka aprakAzita racanA anAmI kulaka hai| racanAkAra ajJAta hai yA kar3iyoM meM pUrI huI hai| bhAvA aura kAvya kI dRSTi se racanA 14vIM zatAbdI kI lagatI hai| anAthI kulaka ke viSaya varNana ke AdhAra para yaha kahA jA sakatA hai isameM saMsAra isa se mukti prApta hone ke lie sAdhanA kI vividha batAI gaI hai| racanA sAmAnya hai| Adi anya ke uddharaNa dekhie:(1) pani vAmaya vIra jiviMda ThoyA loya payAsa diviMdA annaciya jAna mamiti kiMhi tumhA mI (2) kevalasari saivara bhaveya kramikrami sidhi sukha pAmei caDhai guNai jo yaha caritto vidhi u ta janama pavitva saMsAra isa parivarI gaI basi te zivapurI isa prakAra racanA meM kavi ne jAne vedoM kA rahasyodghATana kiyA hai|vaar se saMvaraNa kaise prApta ho yaha jAnane ke lie dhArmika aura dArzanika iSTi ke racanA mahatvapUrNa hai| racanA kI mAvA 14 mAdI kI jana pAyA hai| mAvA meM pravAha tathA saralatA sarvatra parilakSita hotI hai| kAvya kI dRSTi se racanA meM adhika camatkAra nahIM milaa|

Page #850
vI vAdI (11 ga) jinavallabhapUri sArA viracita mahAtmya saMjJaka navakAramahAtmya milatA hai| raknA atyanta prAcIna tathA prakAzita hai| yaha racanA viSaya pradhAna ramA choTI navakAra maMtra ke mahAtmya ke lie viracita vastutaH isameM mavakAra kI pamanA aura mahimA para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| AdhyAtmika dRSTi se navakAra sambandhI isa mahAtmya kA mahatva spaSTa hotA hai prArambha meM hI kavi arihaMta kA sthAna banAtA : niya sira para bhANa maga civa kamalanAra kaMcana saba badala sahita jiMhA mAhe nakvAra siMhA kA arisa deva kAmAmana TikamAmi se bAla pArami pama pamati niyamati panara bhaye siMhA siibIya padamArA rAThe vihama to kAna niya sohama bAre rAtI dhotI pahara bapa mirdhA pubediti aura himaramira bakSiNa avadhi (1) makAra maMtra ko mAdhyAtvikalA pravAsa rabi ganma pramA aura kAma mIsimakA pAtya vividha dhAoM aura dRSTAnko puti ho the ke baiTho bora ka bAgara bhASI TimA bArA nAnI pArAvAsa bAlyakA kadIpramANe bAyo DI vApiyo kA mAhe 1- dekhi- amAtmArAsa amana sanyAlaya, bIkAnera

Page #851
ciMtyA kA sabai sare parata parata vikAsa pAlita mUrinI pare vidyA siddha AkAra aMta meM kavi navakAra ke prabhAva se maratA vAkyoM kI puSTi karatA hai aura sabake lie navakAra ke pahAtmba ko spaSTa karatA hai|kvi kA nAma racanA ke mana meM spaSTa hotA hai|rcnaa kI pAyA apAMca prabhAvita prAcIna rAjasthAnI loka bhASA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki yaha pahAtmya bAja bhI roka koka nivAraNa karatA mA jaina janatA ke kanDa kA hAra banA mA pratyeka dina hara eka kena isakA eka pArAyaNa karatA hai aura isake basa se usake roga zeka maSTa hote hai| guru jimayasaha sUri bhane siva purakA kAraNa paraya virama mama roga soga maha nivAraNa balama mahivAla bana mahara bAra ika milsa paMca parameSTi maMghaha tapI sevA denyo nitya isa prakAra racanA loka bhASA kA prIti bhAiyopAnta vidyamAna hai|

Page #852
- maratezvara bAinalI caura. viSaya pradhAna rasAmoM meM eka apane hI prakAra kI ramA paramezvara bAhubalI pora hai jo adyAvadhi prApta rakhanAoM meM paryApta prAcInatama hai| saM0 14viracita zAlipAri viracita maratezvara bAhubalI rAsa hI aba taka sabase prAcIna iti samajha jAtI rahI hai parantu maharacanA isame bhI purAnI hai|rcnaa kI bhUla prati baisalamera ke saravaraganchIya paMcAyatI bhaMDAra meM * m kI saMgraha prati meM likhI huI hai| yaka racanA zrIbhaMvara lAla nAhaTA ne prakAzita kara dI hai| racanA kI pumpikA yA anya vivaraNa ko dekhakara yahaspaSTa ho jAtA hai ki yaha paryApta mahatvapUrNa aura prAcInatama hai| ghora saMjJaka racanAeM ayAvadhi eka se adhika nahIM upalabdha ho sakI yA pora nAma ke koI manda viSa vA rakhanA prakAra kA bhI ullekha nahIM milatA apitu isake viSaya ko dekhakara yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki bharatezvara aura bAhubalI kI buipa vanya bhayAnakatA ke kAraNa hI kavi ne isakA nAma para rakha diyA hai| __paradezvara aura bAhubalI ke sAtha kA prama nayA nahIM hai| prAya aura saMskRta meM isa kyA para kAbi sa kitanA hai| sAtha aneka panbioM aura durmikoM kI parata bAravAhI kI pUrSiyA kAmako spaSTa karatI hai| prati meM bhI bhI nAma nahIM milatA para kyoMki isakA ramAkA -vAbar3I DAra salamera-svAbhyAba askiA patra -pAka A rc bacapana- devAlA vinAmapi bilvayA mAkU AviyA bAyA svAdhyApikA livitA bAdhyabAnA AcaMdrAka 4-bImAna haripiyAmiAtha basi (bslmeraa|

Page #853
808 isake racanA kAra vAna sUri ke guru devasUri kA kAla kathA ata: isakA racanAkAla 12vIM patAidI ke uttarAIdha meM athavA vI ke pUrvAdha ke prathama do dazakoM meM hI kahIM rahA hogaa| svA prAcIna hai aura yuddha kI bhamaikaratA ko kavi ne kula 48 chaMdoM meM saMjoyA hai| vIM zatAbdI meM gujarAta aura rAjasthAna meM yuddha cala hI rahe the ataH kaviyo kI samayAnukUla preraNA svAbhAvika thI jisake phalasvarUpa pora aura usake prasama kI paravartI rAsa donoM racanAeM likhI gii| bhora kI isa bhASA meM prAcInatA dvaSTigocara hotI hai|ti meM rakhanA sthAna bhI kahIM nahIM milatA para bahuta sambhava hai ki yaha rAjasthAna meM hI rakhanA gayA hogaa| kyoMki nAdideva mUri ke ziSyoM kI prasiddhi nAgaura sahuI jo mAravAr3a kA prAcIna nagara rahA hai| racanA namaskAra se prArambha huI hai|kaavyaatmk dRSTi se yaha kRti vIra rasa kI sundara banA hai|yo ki pUrA kAma adgha ke prasaMga ko lekara zAnta rasa meM jAkara samApta huA hai| kathA meM paratezvara kI digvijaya hI pramukha prasaMga hai| prathama pakti se 10 padoM taka paka chanda aura ye pada se anta taka dUsarA sanda prara for hai| parabara ke marva para bAhubalI kA vinakavi prArambha kI vidhi pAhamarasara deva, bAlImA visa bAbA kI do prapayA khAmiti bacyA ekA mAba, boziza na baDikha ko bAhuvAti bAba yAaat bhASA kI rA bAbA aura gAya kI mahimA kA adhyayana adha somAvAra kA prabAra ra niSparita meM pUrva yoga detA kavi vividha inTAyoM mArA kAma meM yuddha ke vAtAvaraNa ko mArA hai| vividha vi dekhie: -paravara mAilI pIra-pada-1yoSa patrikA aNk|

Page #854
801 sataha gaMgaha vIri daha jeva ucchA liyau cAra ma Dou sarIra paData udaya karimA liyau bIsari Au, parasara bhaya milA as karilA rAja taki anDa se manA visthaha gaMga sindhu ii rATha anu vA nAila sAhiyA pre sInai chaha bIDa jItaLaM mAnada bhAmarau (15-17) kobAnala paJjali sAva, bharasaka jaipaDa re re| diviyANa ThAka, jima paDiyala kaMpa mulata cAliyA hAtha meM giravara jaMgama hiMsAravi jahiriya diyaMta halliya turaMmaya para Dates ares, hetu viniyaka chAhajaha bharasaka vAliyau kaTaki ksu Upama dIjas taM nirmANe viSanADu baliSa sIvaha gaya guDiyA ra rahasi hi uraMga dalihi meM upAsA juDiyA ati vAki pAvara hor3a ati vATi afafe hoi kAlakUTa mati mariya kUTa (20-24) isa prakAra kavi kI nivizatA bhI sAtha sAtha svaSTa hotI hai jisase kAvya kA artha gAmbhIrya kA paricaya milatA hai| donoM bhAI ma meM anaka vega kI bhAti me aura meM donoM ke nizcita papara maratezvara ke jIvita hone para bAhubalI ko vairAgya ho aayaa| vanda ma vama kA pravAsa meM dekhie: mi kArDa moDala nAriya yaha kati paharaNa para mo miti kI jisa kari botAda atihiM pAkiM mAikA gADi bolato marathahi paDika taka nahiM

Page #855
810 vi punardaDIha malla mA nimmibaM pUTihiM bambaDa hi maravaNI bAbAli kariyA li cakku parevi, gAla kullaMgA mehatA bhUka bali anveSi, pravahA nAhaI goziyaha (19) to pAve lAgevi bhara sari mAvimara baMdhava mA mehi baI jILa bhaI bAriyA utaka nAba na de, bAhubali maratahasarata rAmai sarisata nAya, bharasaka pari Aiyau 4) bhAvana tiba mAkera, ciMba pAvI parosaritI ba kevala pAvehu (e) rAja karatA vegAjiva (48) racanA kI samApti zAnta rasa meM huI hai| ukta uddharaNIM se racanA kI kAvyAtmakatA spasTaDo gAvI hai| basta: racanA paryApta prAcIna hone se isakA aitihAsika aura kAvyAtmaka mahatva hai| -

Page #856
811 / ambikAdevI pUrvabhava varSana balahArA / zakti pUjA aura zakti sAdhanA kI inTi sejaina dharma meM bhI kucha aisI deviyoM kI pUjA hotI hai jinakA nAma zAsana deviyoM ke nAma se pracalita hai| na dharma ke prabhAva ke kAraNa hI yaha devI devatAoM kI pUjA tIrthakoM ke sAtha sAtha hone smii| 24 vIkaroM ke sAtha sAtha 4 bAmana devavAoM aura deviyoM ko praNaya diyA gayA jinameM pakSamAvatI devI, ambikAdevI, cakresarI devI Adi kaI dekiyA hai jinameM sarva prathama sthAna ambiA devI ko hI milA hai| yadyapi Age calakara vA meminAtha kI bhakta zAsana devI ke sma meM kara dI gaI hai| vastutaH sabhI sArthakoM ke sAtha sAtha eka strI mUrti bhI milatI hai jo sambhavataH isI ambikAdevI kI hI hai| prastuta ramamA ambikAdevI sambandhI hai| racanA ke nAma se hI spaSTa hai ki yaha ambikAdevI ke pUrvabhava varNana sambandhI vRkSa se sambandhita hai| ambikAdevI ke sambandha meM rakhe jAne vAle sAhitya kI paramparA kA prArambha prAkRta se hI huA hai apapresa kAvyoM meM bhI ambikAdevI para varSana ki bAte hai| vIM sAiTI ke baina bova sAhitya meM adhikArI stuti pAI pAtI hai|vaa dine do pUrA yikA ritahI lija diyA thA vastutaH zvetAmbara aura disambara konoM sampradAyoM meM ambikAdevI sambandhI yA ki bAtI hai| svAmbara vivAna zrI prabhAvari racita prabhAvakArita meM prasaMga ma barSita ambikAdevI ke pUrva bhava varNana ko yAmAsa prakAzinIko cukA / isake atirikta mI vikAdevI kebIna para pra ti bAle hai| -hindI zaila- rrrror ravIravANI meM zrI bhaMvaralAla mATAkA lekh| 4- piyAncapAskara pAma 1 . zrI kAmatA prasAda jaina kA lekhA

Page #857
prastuta racanA ambikAdevI hamarA prakAzita kI jA cukI hai| isa racanA kI mUla prati bIkAnera bar3e bhAna bhaMDAra meM surakSita hai|rcnaa kA prArambhika aMka paMDita milA hai| prArambha kI cAra gAthAeM isa kha mA meM prati kA patA na milane se upaladha nahIM ho sakI hai|mt kati chandase hI prArambha huI hai|ambikaa devI kA yaha balahArA lokamASA kI 14vIM banAibI kI mubAra kAvyAtmaka racanA hai| kRti meM ravitA kA nAma kahIM pI spaSTa nahIM hogA para kavi ne eka jagaha udaya rididha' kA nAma liyA hai ata: bahuva sambhava hai ki isa kSyArikA ke kavi kA nApa svayaM ke nAma se hI ho| racanA kI prati kyoM ki saM . kI hI hai ata: bahuta sambhava hai ki yaha kati 4vIM vAdI ke uttarAIdha ke antima vAka meM huI hogii|rcnaa kA nAmakaraNa bArA kyoM kiyAgayA hai isa sambandha meM koI vizlevana nahIM milatA tathAsAma hI bagAvadhi kisI prAcIna maMDAra meM bhI isakI koI prati upalabdha nahIM huii| sA laharA kI kAya paramparA kA huI isake lie nizcayapUrvaka vA bhI nahIM kahA jA sakatAramA ke vRtta ko dekhate hue yaha eka kthA pradhAna kAvya hai jisameM ambikAdevI ke pUrva bhava varNana kA vizleSaNa kiyAgayA hai| sAtha hI isakA boyA baMza bhI sambhavataH ambikAdevI paricaya Adi prAramya pavAroM meM hogaa| kavi ne pUrI racanA ko padoM meM likhA jisameM prArambha ke padoM ambikAdevI caritra kI tulanA karanA prArambha karatA bItahiM Ayu sIvA virAmI parI rAnA sohama vairi yaha pApI gIpiti bimbala nimmkyiaa| pUrI rakhanA ambikA pUrva kI kAmaya mA sthA hai jisakA hisAra -ambikAna pAvalaMbI thI aura vaidika dharmAnuyAvI ke para svArI ke niyama vo putra hue| eka dina usake sasurAla .- hindI anuzIlana- varSa para zrI agaraba nATA kA le|

Page #858
813 meM pitR pakSa zrAddha kA dina thA ambikA ne binA pUche jaina muni ko bhojana de diyaa| mA ke kahane se usake pati ne use bAhara nikAla diyaa| pati kI parsanA se vaha apane baccoM ko lekara calI gaI pI se usake prabhAva se pattale sone kI ho gii| hIrA motiyoM se ghara para gayA pati ambikA ke prabhAva se yaha saba bAgAna puna ume ne daur3A para vaha bandhoM ke sAtha meM maI aura devI huii| idhara usakA pati soga bhI gira gayA aura phira yaha siMha mAmAja pI ambikA kI mUrti kA siMha bAhana hai eka hAthI kI uMgatI eka baccA pade hai kyA sarA baccA aMka hai| usake sira para bhAma kA laMba utkIrNa kiyA milatA hai kyoMki usane apanA prabhAva se sUSioM meM Apa lagA die the tathA zuSka tAlAba meM pAnI bhara AyA thaa| bApa bhI vidyAmmara samAja meM avikA kI pUSA kucha devI ke rUma meM hotI hai| kaSi ne pUre kAbya meM isI kyA kA vistAra kiyA haimoma sAmagrI aura piMDadAma kriyAdi kA prasaMga kA varNanadekhikA - haNi pari sama baDanakatAI muzvAsi mAyA apara pAtu soma nilimA bhAvini kapi va pi bAnu ra satyapi vi yA rahi kAlAdi kIyA bAra ke kAlidAti pakyAna mAra pIriDa pi vimA barasa pAni bImana mAra gAva bAni nApati (5) pAsa kA mena ko mAnA aura bokAkoSa vA panA karake use ghara se mAra nimA zAdi paTanA mAyakI sA pravAsa aura kAmaya kA vikari poSTa gAvi bhAna vidika palotu pUniyA vinAvina diya bAya desiviniyamapi machariya caumI nAmayo kI pahADiba khA bhanDa kiyA kopi ra so vA mora, die kaI kiyA

Page #859
814 mAu na pUjiya bani kula deva, ajaba na paNa veNiyA / ajjayi piMDa parAvima meya,mata diniya paDhama mihA (4) kAvya kI dRSTi meM utkRSTa udAharaNa pasartha iSTasya bikA apane donoM baccoM ko lekara jaMgala meM nikala jAtI hai tathA usake puNya ke prabhAva ko pUrvabhava kA pya dekara kavi medevI ke rUpa meM samAja meM usakI sthApanA kI hai: adimi dIna bara maNiga, sabami paSi niyu anusArita tatva pAvara pANavi dhagi puha bhASiyI ki najiu siNi baha mADi vi pi upanna sohama bali catu joyaNi mopAtra dAni prabhAbi raphna, vika deziya nA milana aviNi vaniya jipAtahibi, mobana tAla kabola dhiva hihi kapa pa paDiba vikevimotiyamAmika devi sAiva desivi vimhiya tAma, 'vii bahuma salaksakiya maNa pachatAviya yaha soma, ahi vyAlau sa kara (20) sAbhima nemi jinivaDafra, vika mAmi demiya maMdha itva dApi supariSa nivaDa giri miranAra siri sIsi bAra maSi kuMDA kA geDa mobiya hAra maga Dika kari kama inni pAhi ra mI vA vArA tovara bhairava meM bosa vinA devi duI eka ci zivipari bAbA vaha viDamvadharA (4) isa prakAra kavi ne amvikA kI devI ke isa meM prabhAsA kara vI sAmAjika iTipI vidhAra karane para isa racanA ke hatkAlIna samAja ke pArivArika goTe krUDo bArA kitane jamartha ho sakane meM yaha pratipAsita ho jAtA hai| pUrI racanA kaTanA pradhAna kyA kAvya hai meM kavi mamala vAkyoM meM kAma

Page #860
ko nirveda niSpanna kara samApta karatA hai: bAta talaba sura kumara samAna vaha paya mAvati ciha nAri iTava pAvahi piyaha sammAna bIvahi naMdana nivaDa bar3ayaNa bayanA kiMpi suvi, kiMpi praNiyaniya mAvalima carita tumhArata vaniudevi pari manoraha amha apaDa nemi jisara carana poya mahari aMbikA devitA saMghaha sAnidhu kari muha moya, dehi mapachiya udayaridhi (0) isa prakAra pUrI racanA kA zilpa apane hI prakAra kA hai| bahuta sambhava hai ki kavi ne kamma kyA hone se hI isakA nAma karaNa balaharA kiyA ho| prastuta tAlaharA ghaTanA pradhAna hai|paapaa loka bhASA hai| batA pUrA kAma atyanta sarala jyA pravAhapUrNa hai| -

Page #861
816 - nara nArI saMbodha viSaya pradhAna racanAoM meM 5vIM svAbdI kI eka sundara evaM upadeza pradhAna kAvya- nara nArI sambodha- milatA hai| racanA ko zrIlAlabandra bhagavAna gAdhI meM bahuta varSI pUrva hI gujarAtI bhASA meM prakAzita kara diyA hai|kRti ke racanAkAra kA nAma kahIM nahIM milatA hai| racanA kA prArama bhaMgalAcaraNa se hI kiyA gayA hai| kavi meracanA paricchedoM athavA abdo ke sthAna para prabandha zabada prayukta vi / bodha nAma upadeza ke lie prayukta kiyA hai|kyoN ki pUrA kAvya hI upadeza pradhAna jyA saMsAra kI nazvaratA evaMAdhyAtmikatA kI aura unmuza hone ke kAraNa hI bodha nAma apiDita kiyA hai| ramA kI pratiyAM jaisalamera ke tapAgA upAyA ke prAcIna pustaka maMDAra mA kAThiyAvAr3a ke kIDI maMDAra meM milatI hai| kRti ke saMgrAhaka muni zrI sampadAviya tathA saMzodhaka kyA anuvAdaka zrI lAlabandra bhagavAna vAsa gAdhI hai| bAja se 25 varSa pUrva yaha ranA zrI gAdhI meM prakAzita kI bhii| mara mArI goSamayAvadhi prAna zaniyoM meM apane hI prakAra kA bhUga kaavy|puurii rakhanA hai| pratyeka pravandha 25 par3A hai| ra mAmA ke sAtha sAtha kavi ne prAkRta aura kRSI kApI prayoga kiyA hai| jisameM purAnI hindI - prA . ke. padayoM kA prayoga milaa| gabImAmA sakA pUrvamA bAhityika sarasatA se yukta kAranAmepoTekavI bhAga livA sakate hai: mArI boSa me e - ma -man ra bhArI bodha: gAyaka pani sampadaviyodhaka aura anuvAbA kAlakhaMDa ra mavAna mAcI, prakAzaka seTha nAmakandamUlaveva koThIpAla baDodarA,

Page #862
817 pahale kavi ne mArI, saMsAra Adi kI navaratA spaSTa kI hai paDale sambodha meM kavi ne manuSyoM ko nArI se bacane kA Adeza diyA hai yA dUsare sambodha meM mArI ko apane bIta caritra ke rUpa meM sidhAvana diyA hai| pUrI racanA meM dohA hada hI pradhAna rUpa meM prayukta huA hai| racanA kI AlaMkAritA AdhyAtmikayA, kAvyAtmaka pravAha, pada lAlitya bathA sAhityika saundarya ko samajhane ke lie nIce mara aura nArI donoM sambodhoM se yahI kucha uddharaNa die jAte hai| pUrI rakhamAjAdhyAtmaka viSaya jyA saMsAra kI nAbaratA kA upadeza diyA hai| racanA ke vividha paka aura imTAlA puSTasya hai: narasambodha re jIva rAmiDa liM, jo mana raMgi pekhi bAramipUtalIya sikha, barasa koDi mati (ramami api na strIyA va purama samAri nara nAmiDa muha me virattA nara nAri (20) (3sundara bariya bAye moDaka (divavIya prabandha ) radhi bAklio pAnA sahI miyo paba mAli 0ThI sIsImA kinyA pUDa vA bora eka naI mAtraTa mA, bIsmana pAvatoDa 7 Wii bAla, bhUkha mahara moDakA kA sarika kAla, chAga mici pehamI (vIya prabandha 3-4 bIbI jAna, vArapayA bATa pani monAlibAsa sirIyIkari vati (0 prati vinai ziri rahiyoM dahiyA na prakyio ani merA DAvIra bIla tharai mana raMga (1)

Page #863
nArI saMbodha 818 (7) kAmiNikaraNa kAI? viSaya saukhya nahIM khAsata sukha saMtoSa mAni zIla dhamma chai sAsavama pANI prami viSayA mai miDisi pana saMsAri (diva0pra04-19) joDa bhoga viSaya naDiyA narami baDai nara mAri 1- re, jIva rAga meM DUbakara mana mata rNg| anyatA vAmarasa kI putalI kesAtha karor3o varSa vinaSTa karanA hai| 2- saMsAra meM jo puruSa ramanI ke rUpa se raMjita na ho virakta rahate haiM unake nara nAma se zuddha hote haiN| 3- hai sundara puruSa dari ko mor3a kI phAla samAyadi isa rasa meM havA to yaha samaya ki terA saMsAra vyartha gayA / 4- mUDha manuSya mUDha AdamI ko ro ro ke rulate debale vaha gaMvAra jUkatA hai to bhI usameM nhiiN| 5- pUrva manuSya vyartha hI muMha maror3a ke bhUlatA hai| vaha sAyA kI bhAMti kAyA, ke sAtha meM rahane vAle kAla ko dekhA nahIM hai nirlaba sira pIlA dAva gira gayA, svajanoM ne mAtrA ko dI hai. zarIra vicita ho gayA parantu phira bhI i niva ko lAja nahIM aatii| 6- jo agni zivA ke Upara rahA vaha khuda aner ki jisane kozA ke kaTAva ko 7- hai kAminI tarphe aura kyA karanA hai? meM mAnavI dharma hI bAta hai / vidagdha nahIM ho skaa| parantu vaha aisA bahAyA aura mana meM zIla dhAraNa kiyaa| viSaya sukha vAzvata nahIM hai| santoSa pAminI viSayoM meM par3akara tuma saMsAra aneka kI niyoM meM cakkara kATergI viSayoM virakta hue naranArI isa vikayoM naraka meM par3hate hai aisA tU jAma / (8) rImadhye jo deha kA anubhava karate hai yoni meM kIcar3a meM asaMkhya jIva marate haiM jaise sAkAra kI pUrti pavana nahIM kara sakatA sAgara pAnI se maratA nhiiN| bAga IMdhana se hotI nahIM vaise hI hai jIva viSaya se nahIM sktaa| (9) kAminI ke kAma sthUla ke gurgoM para jaise sAci pati ko ko tathA kalA kehi relave ko (10) baDhI uttama strI hai vo pahale kadAcita moDa pAye para phira bodha viSaya kA parinAma de kara mana se ni ho jAtA hai|

Page #864
819 (8) re mumadhijaM baci deha saukhya saMpAli jIva asaMkhya tirha mara yeni tamai jaMbAli aMbara pani puriI navi sAyara salilega (10) ani na faces Idhani tima jIva viSaya suna (9) kAma kuMma kAmini tamo, sArathipati jina kaviyo kalA keli laMtiya sthUlabhadra guNa kaviyo (caturtha prabandha 14) (10) tima je uttama nAri mUMda paNa muMbai pachaDa dezI viSaya vipAka mana kuDidhaDa virabhara pAI (16) ina uddharaNoM se pUrI racanA kI viSaya vastu jAnI jA sakatI hai| isI taraha kavi meM nara aura nArI donoM ko saMbodhA hai tathA viSaya samudra se saMtaraNa karane kI pratyeka vidhi para prakAza DAlA hai| pUrI racanA isI prakAra kI paddhati meM likhI gaI haimara nArI sambodha apane ApameM eka mahatvapUrNa kRti hai|

Page #865
820 : AnaMdA : wwwww viSaya kI dRSTi se rajAoM meM vicAra karane para eka atyanta mahatvapUrNa racanA "AnaMda" upalabdha huI hai| racanA aprakAzita hai tathA isakI eka prati atizaya kSetra kameTI mahAvIrajI bhaMDAra jayapura ke anusaMdhAna vibhAga meM surakSita hai aura eka prati samaya jaina granthAlaya bIkAnera meN| prastuta racanA kA nAma kavi ne AnaMdA rahA hai|jo Ananda zabda kA rAjasthAnI sma hai| pUrI racanA meM pratyeka ke sAtha sAtha kavi ne ApakA hRda kA niyojana kiyA hai| racanA kA viSaya AdhyAtma hai| dvAvadhi prApta vanAjoM meM AnaMdA kA viSaya vivecana mAna meM Ananda kA kuraNa karanA hai|jiiv aura brahama AtmA paramAtmA tathA saittiyoM kA bAdhyAtma kI ora unnayana karanA hI AnaMdA kI mukhya saMvedanA hai| AvikAsa ke apaza jaina sAhitya meM fear prakAra muni rAmasiMha kI kRti : pATha dohA milatI hai ThIka isI prakAra kI AdhyAtmika racanA vAdA hai| appA bukkA paramapara to barasA - apanI AtmA ko bhramako AtmA hI paramAtmA hai usakA nivAsa ghaTa ghaTa An anya nhiiN| vIrthayAtrA kasA ki ThIka hai|aadi mAna kA kavi ne isa yAtmika kAvya meM DAlA hai| isa kRti racanAkAra kA nAma para matabheda hai|pr kAvya kA adhyayana karane para yaha prazna hala ho jAtA hai| mAdA canda kA bahuta bAra prayoga hone para bhI eye kAlIvAla ne apane deva' meM kRti ke racanAkAra kA nAma mAnanda tilaka batAyA hai apane mata kI puSTi ke lie unhoMne madada ke bAra bAra ra prayoga tathA suna mAnanda uttasaI, mastaka mAgatilaka- Adi bAko DIha meM rakhakara vaha nAmakaraNa kiyA hai / yo isa paMkti ko par3hakara to isa kinAna ke sthAna para kAna tilaka (nAma tilako nAma bhI diyA 1- dekhie vIravAmI varSa 3 aMka 14-150 190 198 zrI kastUracanya kAsalIvAla kA /

Page #866
821 jA sakatA hai kyoMki mAnanda tilaka se jJAna tilaka kI saMgIta ThIka baiThatI hai| para isakA parihAra zrI amarabandha nAhaTA ne nimna padadha se kara diyA hai| bhArambha- vivAda sAmavANiNa sahaso () mahAdi so pUjAyA bhAdA magana maMDala dhirahoDa AyA mahAdivai bAmiyA bhAdA jiNi barasAvika bheu bhASadA | ----- mahApaMbi bAkA jASika papai mahAdi deva, jApiTha pAta meu AdA // 3 // zaniSkarSa se unhoMne isake racayitA kA nAma- mahAbaMda deva bahAnaMda deva kiyA hai nAmakaraNa kahA taka sahI hai bAta nizcima pUrvaka nahIM kahA bA sktaa| parantu nAiTAge kA yaha mata bAtambhava hai ki yathArtha ke nikttye| jo bhI ho, isa sambandha meM racayitA kA nAmakarama samveda se pare nahIM kahA jA sktaa| racanA ke pitA kI mAvi isakI bhASA aura racanAkAla mI makya bAlA nahIM hai lImA isakI bhASA ko amara kahA thA isakA racanAkAvI vAdI bavAmA hai| isakI bhASA vAstava meM prAcIna rAjasthAnI hai|' aura raNanA kI nAma ko dekhakara yaha kahA jA sakA kiyA vI vAdabI kI racanA hogIko ki isameM ApakA janabhASA ke sAtha sundara samanvaya spaSTa hoga hai| wome - 1-bI, 10..para nATA jI kA lekh| bIravAnI * 98 // zrI bagaramA gayA ki-isakI bhASA ko kAsalIvAla jI ne alAvArisa prAcIna rAjasthAnI yA prAcIna zibIkahanASika DijIta hotA hai|bdmpi yaha apazabAta miTIbAhI ra maha prayoga paravartI Thoka bhASA ke banatA pAye jAte

Page #867
822 AtmA kA sundara citra prastuta karatA huA kavi prArambha meM hI manuSya ko usakI UMcAI pahicAnane kI preraNA detA hai| zarIra se vaha nizAnta alaga hai| pApa meM lipta manuSya ke lie AtmA kI pavitratA atyAvazyaka, pApa kamaka zarIra kI Atma jJAna ke sAbuna se hI dhokara svaccha kiyA jA sakatA hai| ataH pAyala ko jJAnako jJAna sarovara meM avagAhana karake chur3AnA cAhie: pitari pari pAumalu mUDhA karahiM samUhA jela or feeants AdA re kima jAya samUhANi jJAna sarovara abhaya jaTha munivara karai sahAnu bhaTTha kammala dhovafrDa mArgadA re piyar3A pADu NivANa // 1 ina bhAvanAoM meM pAiDa dohA se paryApta bhrAmya hai| inako dekhakara yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki kavi para saM0 1000 meM viracita pADDa dohA kAvya kA pUrA pUrA prabhAva par3A hai aura yaha bhI kahA jA sakatA hai ki pAiDa boDA hI isa racanA ke mUla meM rahI ho| racanAkAra ne guru kI mahattA para prakAra DhAlA hai guru kahI eka aisA vAcana hai jo AtmA se milA sakatA hai|guru bhI kaisA jo guru hai kuru meM sant banA nahIM ho sktii| bacce guru kI dRSTi meM samyaktva hotA hai aura vaha Atmatvasya ho jAtA hai aura usI baccA nAda meM raMga bAbA pAi dohA kI ina paktiyoM ko dekhie: ye fear guru va kirana, guru dI de - appA buddhi parama para jo daramA fast kI kImati milApa detira:- sAtha hI cAkUDa dovA ke uksa doDe se ina poM ko miThAi: kavivara gupha viSa ki, guru rayamatvaya bA kI dariyAva sevaka mAdA bhava jala pAvai pAka birana dhIratha kA ma jo darisAvara meva

Page #868
823 sunata ArSada ullasaha mastaka pANatilaku mukTumaNi sira soDavaI mArgadA sA guru pAlA jAgu samarasa bhAva raMgiyA gappA deva soI appA jAgata parahaNai mAnaMdA kara nirAlaMba hoI / vastutaH ugata racanA meM jo AnaMdA zabda bAra bAra bAlA hai usake lie yaha bhI kahA jA sakatA hai ki AnaMdA zahada ke bAra bAra prayoga ke lie yaha mIsambhava ho ki kavi ne use mana yA jIvana kA pratIka mAnA ho Ananda ke kAmI- mana arthAt hai AnaMdA) thA hai AnaMda ke pratIka - mana) yA hai sAkAra AnaMda isa prakAra racanA meM AnaMdA zabda ke bAra bAra sambodhana ke lie ye artha bhI lagAye jA sakate haiN| tIrthoM meM kavi kI zraddhA nhiiN| tIrtha karake vyartha samaya naSTa karane sepUrva to kavi manuSya ko apane ghaTa kI zodha karane ko kahatA hai use kudevoM para bhI vizvAsa nahIM: ma saki tIratha pari maI mUDhA gara bha adhyabiMdu va jADa dAre ghaTa ma deva devoM kI pahacAna nahIM karA sakatar te: ghaTa meM nivAsa karane vAle vaha to darzanoM meM hI iSTa hai usakI dRSTi hI miyA haisumarAha miDara kalamala, mastaka upavasUla aAja bahAva vaha hi para, AnaMdA micchA viTThI jo kavi kA kAvya pravAda mAdhAtma ke mahAnanda jaise tatvoM kI vyAkhyA karane meM svaSTa hotA hai aura racanAkAra svayaM isa viSaya meM DUba kara usakA pratipAdana karatA hai| jina kauna hai vindrAnanda kI upAsanA mahAjAnanda kI pUjA kilA nahIM ho sakatI cAhe koI zarIra kA kuMcana ghokna, jApa, japa, kitanI hI titikSA kyoM na de, baTA kyoM na bar3hAe, varSA, vardI, garmI, yoga, Adi dvArA

Page #869
824 maMDalI bhI sthira ho sakatA hai kI guNoM kI samyaka prakAra ke rakhA ho, japa tapa vyarva samaka kara mana kI izci kI jAya, cidAnaMda jo sabhI parIroM meM sthita ho use samA jAma: cidAnanda so ripu mala sarI soI mahAdi so pUpiyAI AdAre gagaNa maMDala dhira hoDa keha kesa muvAvahi ke sira caTa pAra mApcAvi dubha mAhi jAdAre 'ki bhayAvahi bhavapAla viI kATa bAhiba bahi, sahadi parIsaha bhAru dekhna pAmaha bAhirasa, AmadAre mArisae jamakAra pANimAdhi poyaSu karahiM pAthira gAi nirA adhya bhAna jApahi mAdA vimA bama purivA jAe japai bahu tava upaIto viSa kAma hameI eka samaya bapyA mugai bhADA gai pAkira deI ambA saMjanIla puSa baccA besana mAtra kA saMgama va murumAdA to pAvahi pivAra aura kavi sa mAdhyAmikyA ko mahAmanya ke bhivAsa sthAna le jAtA hai| bhASA kI bharalatA, racanA kI mIDiyavA loka bhAkA mulAsA, mRda cayana yA prAsAdiyA isTavya hai| rakamA meM pada sAhitya ke sAtha sAtha garma mApI bhI hai| kavi ne nirmANa kI prApti karAne vAle mahAnaMda kA nivAsa sthAna kisane kamAna bArAma kiyA hai jivA mAra hA paribha hoI Ni beDamA basa jiba bAbA viralA bUkaha koI harita vidhi vADI mAdhi lakSita gAha madhya garIrahe mauvADa, vAdA hI gujI basAI

Page #870
pUrI racanA hiMDolAda meM likhI gaI hai|kyaa ala nva 4 hai| kavi ne bhASA prAcIna rAjasthAnI una bolI hI rakkhI hai aura vIM zatAbdI ke pAsa pAsa kI svanA hone se usa para apada ke zabdoM kA prabhAvasarvatra parilIja hotA hai| mAna jaise kliSTa viSaya ko kavi ne bar3I sarala zabdAvalI, anuprAsAtmiktA bathA komala evaM prasAdika padAvalI meM samAyA hai| upadeza kA vyaktitvasthala sthala para spaSTa hotA jAtA hai jo racanA kA mahatvAra bhI adhika bar3hA detI hai| ina bAtoM ke sAtha sAtha mata meM koM ke doSoM ko dalane ke lie racanA ko roja pATha karane kA Adeza diyA hai: gaDhai paDhAbaha aNacaraha para sivAri jAI kammANa mavANiyAni ApadA bhaviyapa hiyA mAI ukta pada parata vAkya yA phalazruti ke yo prahala kiyA pA sakatA hai|miktaa yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki racanA sAra sundara aura jJAnonmukha karane vAlI hai| -

Page #871
826 mAtama | vinaya pradhAna racanAoM meM 1 bAdI ke uttarAdha kI eka sundara sI racanA upalabdha hotI hai| viSaya kI dRSTi se yayapi isameM koI navInatA nahIM upalavdha hotI parantu phira bhI gAyA aura varmana krama kI iSTi se racanA kA paryAnta mahatva parilakSita hotA hai| prastuta racanA kAlevaka ajJAta mUla prati avajaina granthAlaya bIkAnera meM surakSita hai| prastuta racanA kA viSaya mRgAvatI aura usake putra kA dIvA prazna karane ke lie paraspara vicAra vinimaya hai| sAtha hI putra ke dvArA kavi ne pUrvabhava varNana, saMcAra kA kleza, vibhinna yoniyoM meM paribhramaNa tapa kI uccatA Adi kA mahatva svaSTa karAyA hai| pUrI rakSA saMvAdoM ke rUpa meM kisI huI hai| kavi ne narakoM kA varmana bar3A hI jIva kiyA hai|rcnaa kA viSaya mAdhyamika jIvana se sambandha rakhatA hai| varNana bailI sarasa, vajUda cayana sundara aura racanA artha gAmbhIrya se paripUrNa hai| viSaya sUboM meM DUbI huI mRgAvatI ke putra ko pUrvabhava kA smaraNa hotA hai aura usako dIkSA grahaNa karane kI preraNA hotI hai|yopaant racanA meM nirvedAtmaka areera kA varNana hone se vAn ra vyAya hai|bhaassaa kI saralatA, luprAsAdikatA aura kAliya dRSTavya hai: imadAda i mAvati parapi raramana kA boDaNI kA mukhya guNa gAtIra vizva visiMha vAli kAlI maMda maMdire mani vino dinakara pAri babara nima nirAdi nA ka (1-4) 1- prastuta racanA- kAryadI-kAvya ke sAtha hI likhI huI milI hai| dekhie abhayajaina granthAlaya bIkAnera |

Page #872
827 bahi nihAle taya niyama saMjamavara saMjaya solguNa maMDiya puNivara bAra samare vi parisane aksape pusvabhava kumara bara samarae niyama vista saMsAra muhakarai uvarma mAya piya payAmi barata jampae mana pavi mA ma bhAva vApara (45) aura putra ke dvArA dIkSA prAya karane kA vicAra pUrvabhava jAna lene para atyanta ho jAtA hai|logoN aura sAMsArika sukhoM kI nazvaratA kA suMdara varSana kavi prastuta karatA hai| moga viparIra strI aura yauvana caMcala hai lAvazya svayaM bhI vapAla hai vaha jIva kA sAtha nahIM dekhAvA to akelA hI jAtA hai| vikya mukhoM kA pariNAma manohara nahIM hotaa| aise pathika kA paMtha dharma ko mor3akara aura koIsabala nahIM bntaa| varNana zailI sarasa aura zabda cayana komala hai: bhoga bhogaviya visa sarisa mA apanA marahamada tiriya gai vevamA kAranA goDa basa ra bami jIva vi dubAda bahaha maha mamiyama ikarADa apaLa kAzna jInI baro zudhana myanusAra pRddhi pare bIya eka bAi bAre patyAdi kA pina zAha mAndarI viyapa parimANamA manaharI keTi viDiya nikalI va vividha viSa kI ture) bhI puSa ke bIca prAna karane para hone vAlI vikSiA kA citra jIMcatI hai| pAra mahAsakara mArga bhUpa pyAsa sahanA, zukmAla deha, kezalocana aura mAma bihAra ke mArapa hai| aura yahIM ke uttara pratyuttara alI narakoM kA

Page #873
828 (13-14) sajIva varNana kavi prastuta karatA hai| varNana kI pratyAdikatA iSTavya hai: - suta milne samatullayA saMjamo, citta vivodi ThAve samo paMda muMDavyA bhAru ahi ikkaro, baccha Ajamma bahevara ikkaro DA kA DAya nAvIsa parisakA yuddha kumAla deNa tu dussahA kesa Thoya sire dukkaro dAkhyo, gAma mAsu vihAra itakA punaH mRgAputra samasta narakoM isoM kA aura pUrva bhava meM kie pApoM dvArA pAye hue saMkaToM kA strI aura romAMcaka varmana prastuta karatA hai| narakoM meM lohe meM nAnA pahAr3a se virAnA, karor3oM varSo taka kI yAtanAeM karavata se kATha kI mADi cIrA jAnA, kolhU meM pIlDA jAnA tanta vayoM se jalAnA, garma strIputalI se parastrIgama kA dandra Adi sabhI hRdayadrAvaka hai| varjana kI anuprAsAtvi kayA tathA sItAdevie: devakara sira kaha jiMga vidati, paNa nidhana pahi moTa loDa hi dila ma hUM pIlIu, nivaDa nArAya nAravIyaDU Dii puvyabhava pAva pacArika pIDiu, bilama baMdhehi bahu ehi mIDiya tatva tathA nApA, surA nakhAI variya pavArI marA devi paramaNi pariraMbha, pulIya kariti parisa pana naI bahina i narama miMtare, puDhadi apa vAu vanA mitare (11-31) tiriya pratidina kasi viDi u rama sampana yA paIi thAi, nirarhi nikaraNa namo vAi ass vinaya pAraM manukA, bekuvA maMca manyani vipUta pI, pUThi gAna pachi pIDita kara gA~va bhUri mArehi vayasevaka bAraMga imameva afe face vartata iMDa nAridaM isI pAlita navAye dAmoM pariya pIvariDividArita arI) *

Page #874
8 19 mai maI sahi dukkha gar3hane gae, bAlapaNa sahiya iha bahuta annApa uThavaNe va bhagarAi rolI, mayama mallai bhava jalahi yati boli (27) vakSaNa satra vina Diu paradhamA paharaNI, mArita vivi thApahi sakaraNo kuppaha ca hi cAki baccare, navya nAragIya jima nadIya navIya pare pahirogehiM i DIu, raMka jima rolIu sayalaguNa haMDI vallahANaM vidumehiM ivAuko, bivarIla viSaya vikla jima caMcalo manuyagaDa Ima kamohi N vinahiDa, tAya kA sabase pAvaImayaDi DIpa devati ida sahiya Dukkara, mAijha citsa ini jhuMDa nikama (29-31) isa prakAra pUrI racanA mAtA aura putra ke saMvAda ke rUpa meM calatI hai ki dRSTi se bhI racanA kA mahatva spaSTa ho jAtA hai|asaar saMsAra ko chor3akara manuSya ko ziva gati yA nirvANa kI ora unmukha honA cAhie saMsAra meM aneka janma hote hai| pApa hote hai tathA pUrva ke saMvida kyoM kA prati hameM yahAM bhAkara bhoganA par3atA hai| vastutaH moga sUsa aura reDika sahI jIvana kA carama lakSya nahIM hai isase pare bhI leka AdhyAtmika AkarSaNa hai jinheM manuSya saMsAra ke ina indriyajanyoM se Upara uThakara hI prApta kara sakatA hai| isa taraha pUrI racanA meM kavi ne mRgAvatI ke putra ke pUrvabhavakI kathA kA varNana kiyA hai| pUrI racanA 42doM meM pUrI huI hai| bhASA kI dRSTi racanA paryApta hai| sAtha hI kI karma, pana, janma, naraka, vimati, paMca mahAvrata manAdi aneka kaThina bAtoM para sundara iSTAntoM aura kyA sUtroM meM prakAza DAlA hai| . yaha racanA eka barita kathAnaka hai jise par3hane se vizva kI prApti hogI aier afteaa maTha hai:

Page #875
830 tijaga samavista risavaraha supavitva miyA prattassa re bhagaI sucaritvaya vivaha vipAsa vilasevi vivApara lahahi so santa rassAkyaM sivapure (R) prI racanA sarasa aura jana pAyA pradhAna hai| pASA meM yadyapi apaca ke zabdoM kA prabhAva sarvatra hai pala phira bhI adhikatara purAnI rAjasthAnI ke zabdoM kI prabhAva-sarvatra kI bharamAra milatI hai| racanA prAcIna hai tathA dhAtmaka saMvAnoM meM likhI gaI hai| gApunakama kI prati kA citra bhI saMgrahIta kara diyA gayA hai| vIM tAbdI ke uttarAIdha ke pramukha kAvyoM meM se eka mRgApukka bhI hai| isI prakAra ukta adhyAya meM jinI racanAmoM para prakAza DAlA gayA hai ye saba pApta pahatya kI hai isIlie kA gauSa kAbya paraMparA jIrSaka ke bhannaDa mUlyAMkana prastuta kiyA gayA hai|

Page #876
28800000000002809002068028288002288888822050ccess Ibahbee (0 VIABERJIR

Page #877
831 AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya() svavana kAvya prNpraaeN| 0 0 0 0 mIta, stotra aura stavana sAhitya kI paramparA zira prAcIna saMskRta sAhitya meM mIvi kAvya pustaka aura anya donoM siyoM meM upalabdha hotA hai| mIta jIvana kI rakha paijala anubhUti hotI hai jo apane meM pUrNatayA mukta hotI hai| nIti racanAoM meM apekSAkRta eka madhuratA hotI hai usameM saMgIta banca bidyamAna rahatA hai| madhura padAvalI, aura saMkSipta bhAvapUrNa zabdAvalI gharasa subodha lI saMgIta tathA anda meM lAra prastuta kI jAtI hai| inameM komalatA mA jamA kisI bhI madhura bhAva kI utkuTa anubhUti hotI hai|giit jIvana ke mArmika aMza hote hai jinameM prAyopAla rasodreka hotA saMskRta sAhitya meM pukhaka do prakAra ke pAye jAlaukika vA dhArSikA laukika kAvyoM meM pIja mAdi aneka prakAra ho sako aura dhArmika meM stotra stvnaadi| isa prakAra ke muktaka kAvyoM kI paramparA skRta prakAra aura apane surakSita balI A rahI stavana kAsya paramparA ke antargata Ane vAle ye laukika aura dhArmika zrI kSaNa, sampUrNa aura vyaktitva pradhAna hoinameM vyakmiAna bhAvArA aura bhakSiyoM kA pUrA hogaa| sAtha jIvana kI bAta bhAnAnoM kA samApatA hai| ta thA prAkRtika saundarya pAra azA aura bhI bahAnA beTI / na mIyoM meM banA hotI hai| kina vana (Di bamenTa) ho sakI mAra pAvasAnoM kI chAyA (arte bhAsana kAraNa yA apibatirmana mAra phUTa par3atI / vigI aura svaroM kA mAlImava hotA / galI lirika) mahabhI kiyA gayA hai| para vaha pI gIta kA wial , komArAnI de sakatA hai| vastutaH isa vizAla pAvasAyoM kA hor3ana karane vAle ina gItoM ko hara

Page #878
urmi kAvyoM yA gIti kAvyoM ke mameM mAvikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya meM dhArmika stavana vizAla saMkhyA meM pAye jAte hai| dhArmika pustakoM meM stotra aura svavana Adi kA prAdhAnA hai| laukika aura dhArSika donoM kAvyoM meM saMskRta kI prAcInatA paryApta sama meM vidyamAna hai|smaa vaidika saMhitArya devavAnoM kI viziSTa stutiyA hai| isa prakAra ina kaukika, dhArmika tathA aitihAsika muktaka kAvyoM kI syA asAdhAraka hai| svotra sAhitya saMskRta meM bar3e vidyAlaparimANa meM milatA hai| ina sthaloM basvonoM meM hRdaya kI svAbhAvika abhivyakti, bhakta kA dainya, tathA sAdhya ke svarupa kI kSamatA, komalatA, dabAtA aura udAratA kA varNana kiyA jAtA hai| ina devatAoM kI mahimA varNana meM bhakta apane pakSa kI udAtta bhAvanAoM ke abhivyakti meM hRdaya kI samasta zakti lamA dekhA hai| bhagavAna kA vikAsa vya pApoM kA paba, jIvana bAra kI bhAvaratA aura svoM kA dhyAna use na banAte hai aura sAtha kI mahAnatA meM sAdhaka apanI laghutA yA udratA anubhava kara sva ko unameM ko detA hai| apane iSTa sAdhya se bhAsa nissaMkoca hokara saba bhAga lete hai ataH sanI apanI dImakSA balIyA, saMgItAramakavA, zivA, komalatA, gvArasa apijanA aura mabbI mA uar ko prakaTa karane kA pUrA avasara milatA hai| isI lAvASika tatvoM ke kAraNa so stana aura mIca mohaka hI hote hai| aSabAra mIla kA puTa lama pAne hai ina mauta sonoM kI mamatA bIvI jAtI hai| prati mAtra ke vikAsa meM meM svotra bo sahAyaka hai iSTadeva kI stuti kI bAbara pati bhAvanA ko prakaTa karane kI yaha paramparA boM se hI mila jAtI hai| do mina vimAnoM kI ni kina prakAra se jiyA milii|piinaa arjuna kI aneka nakoM meM stuti karatA hai| mahAbhArata pIka khopa milaale| stotra skhaliyoM kA ma purANa sAhitya meM aura adhika vizAla syAne malA hotA hai mAmayata aura viSya purANa pArka raya hai| mAnavata purANa meM brahamA vina poSa, sana yA vibhinna riki

Page #879
muniyoM aura anya aneka devatAoM kI stutiyAM aura stotrabathA aneka gItA mAvi mila jAte hai| prAcIna stotroM kA vizAla DaData stotra ratnAkara nAma prasiddha hai| pAvana meM aneka mIta hai jinameM gopI gIta sabase prasiddha prAdezika bhASAoM ke sAhitya meM bhI bhakti sambandhI dhArmika tyo bAle bhaneka mIta, pada, stotra yA svabana upalabadha ho jAte haiAvir3a ko bAli sAhitya meM upalabdha stoma ullekhanIya hai pise hI samaya meM madhyakAla meM bhI mahArAnI karanI Adi pramoM meM mI aneka prakAra ke gIta, stotra va stavana Adi stuti mUlaka racanAoM kA nirmANa mA hogA para ke upalabdha nahIM hotI hai| apakSa meM mIpa parikha sUcaka pustaka kAya mila bA hai| ina stotra stavanoM kI vizeSavAoM para aura zilpa para pIya prakAza DAlA gayA hai| stotra mIna vAstava bhakti paraka, jAna bhUlaka tathA vairAgya kI pradhAnatA lie hai| hindI sAhitya ke AdikAla meM sara 11.0 se 1500 taka ina racanAtroM kI paMkhalA bahuta vizAla sama meM upalabdha hotI hai| isa sAhitya meM svotra, stavana, mIra, bhAdi zazi bhUlaka ramAnoM kI kyA ho bhI bhara hai| manaH inameM kIrtana pachi dhyAna, upAsanA, nuSi, mamika, kAra, sakAba vAdi aneka mora mA sAhitya upaladha hobA mAcIna rAjasthAnI vA sUnI gujarAtI hokApAkA aneka mITha, smRti stotra stavana Adi kilo hai| ramAeM kI salApUrNa hai| yapi isa khoja sana zaka ramAoM kA vidhAna sAhityika meM mahatva pAnAmI santa bhi bhI inakAThIna bhASA sAhilya kI mamatA kA paricaya ni frdI jaina sAhitya meM isa prakAra vivata jInoga, gAno vAgAvI piyoM Adi sambandhI aneka gIta stotra kasAna ki bAjhimIdoM va sonoM kI vyAvastu dhArmika hai, para lipI vAmaprati kaviyoM ke bArapAka ke gIta hai| inameM zrAvaka bhAsiyoM kI mArmika anubhUtiyoM ga sAna ullAsa hai| kAra meM Atmonnati aura pani bhAvanA ko babAma karate hai| ina gItoM kI latA,

Page #880
zrAvakoM kI dInatA aura tIrthoM bhAvAyoM, mahApusmo aura tIrthakoM kA guNa varNana tathA unake ucca AdoM kA stuti gAna hai| ye prazastiyAM aneka sama meM pAI jAtI hai| inameM aneka prakAra meM baina dAnika siddhAntoM, karmoM ke bhogoM va anya sidhAndroM para prakAza DAlA gagA hai| iha laukika aura pAralaukika donoM sthitiyoM ke citra kaviyoM ne ina stutiyoM meM sIce hai| AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya ke gItoM, stotroM aura stanoM kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA unakI vividhatA hai|in racanAoM kA akasmoM meM varNana milatA hai| unmeM pramukha nimnAMkita hai: 4. stavana 6- bolikA -- stuti bInadI 9- campAya 1- namaskAra -prati mI aura prazasti gAna saMtaka ye raktAI uksa vidhi vidhAla syA upalaviya hotI hai inakA vargIkaraNa gIti, saMgIta aura vayaM viSaya ke anvata diyA gayA hai|in rayanAmoM ko stavana yA gIti kAsya kI paramparA / isa revA citra sArA spaSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai: aitihAsika dhArmika gItistavana ratvo gAMva stotra stana golikA natijAmatI sakAra namaskAra prazAla

Page #881
825 isa vizAla stotra, gIti va stavana sAhitya ke yathArtha varNana ke lie svataMtra adhyayana va grantha kI AvazyakatA pratIta hotI hai| yavaH yahAM inameM se kavipana racanAoM kA adhyayana bahuta saMdeSa meM paricayAtmaka rUpa meM prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai| ina racanAoM meM kyoMki satyapurIya mahAvIra utsAda dhanapAla kI saM0 2081 kI sabase prAcIna aitihAsika gIti racanA hai ataH isakA vistAra meM adhyayana prastuta kiyA gayA hai| saba racanAoM kA kevala mAtra paricaya hI diyA gayA hai| hindI sAhitya kI sabase prAcIna AdikAlIna racanA -satyapurIya mahAvIra utsAha hai, jo aitihAsika gIta hai tathA isa racanA kA sabase bar3A mahatva isa dRSTi se hai ki isase apa aura purAnI hindI ke bIca vibhAjana rekhA bIMcI jA sakatI hai| gIti aura svavana sAhitya kI ina zeracanAoM kA adhyayana bhI satyapurIya utpAda kI mAti vistAra meM kiyA jA sakatA hai, parantu bisvAra bhaya se aisA adhyayana kevala sabase prAcIna isI udavAha gIta kA kiyA gayA hai| Tang yapurIya mahAvIra utsAha hindI meM ravI bAda meM upaladha hone bAlI sarva prathama aura mahatvapUrNa kRti satyapurIya mahAvIra utsAha hai| yaha racanA eka ustAva pradhAna gIta hai| jise smRti bhI kahA jA sakatA hai| mI maiM isa prakAra kI aneka racanAeM paravartI sAhitya meM vivAI meM upala hotI hai| parantu prastuta racanA kI bhAMti utpAdaka racanAoM kA lagabhaga mAna hI hai| satyarAma mahAvIra utsAha eka yUti pradhAna mIti racanA hai faast for reg kA sIdhA itihAsa hai hai| gA~va khanAmoM meM aitihAsika karane vAlI racanAoM kI kar3I meM mahAvIra utsAha ko vIrya sthAna vA yA sA hai| kAsa caravAha' nAma se racanA ke nAma va vilya kA koI vivedasambandha nahIM hai tathA na jAne kI isa nAma kI anya koI racanAeM pAI jAtI hai isake

Page #882
836 atirikta isa prakAra kA koI kAvya rUpa mI paravartI racanAoM meM parilavita nahIM hotaa| pUrvavartI sAhitya meM artha saMskRta, prAkRta aura apabhraMza sAhitya maiM gIti pradhAna racanAeM to paryApta mila jAtI hai, parantu utsAha vaMjJA vizeSa se kisI kAvya rUpa kA bodha karAne vAlI koI anya rakhanA nahIM miltii| vastutaH apa se itara purAnI hindI meM sarva prathama yahI racanA upaladha hotI hai jisakA kaI dRSTiyoM se mahatva hai| prastuta kRti kA nAma "utsAha hai| utsAha vIra rasa kA sthAyI pAva hai ataH isakI niSpatti kisI ullAsa yA AlhAdaka mahotsava athavA nya kisI ghaTanA vizeSa ke kAraNa hI ho sakatA hai| yaha bhI sambhAvanA ho sakatI hai ki feat camatkArika daivIya paTanA ke kAla pakti kA carama Ananda yA udvega Done para hI kavi ke ye yomAra phUTa nikale ho / yo paramparA kA adhyayana karane para yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki rAjyatrita jitane bhI kavi hote haiM, ve rAjA kI stuti yA prati svajana svasma gIta ravA karate the| tathA rAjA kI vijaya yA parAbhava ke pazcAta punaH rAjyaprApti ke avasara para harSollAsa aura asImita vAnanda meM lidha stuti mUlaka raktAoM kA nirmANa kikAkarate the| vastutaH utsAha nAma isIlie sArthaka paricita hotA hai| suTa hai ki aare karanAmoM kA vastu cipa kisI kAvya ma vizeSa ke lie nahIM hai| toti mUlaka mIti racanA hai jo kavi ke bAda vizeSa aura utsAha kI sUcanA prastuta karatI hai| yoM saralatA ke lie use vIra rasa pradhAna stavana yA gIta kahA jA sakatA hai, parantu phira bhI saMkhyA meM kevala eka hone se yaha parivAdA nahIM kahI jA skii| jo bhI ho, yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki isa prakAra kI racanAoM meM eka lAbhAvika thA AdhAra utpAda kA unnayana hotA hai| viziSTa prakAra kI koI bhI AlhAdaka stuti "sAha" nAva se pukArI jA sakatI hai|

Page #883
837 *satyapurIya mahAvIra utsAha kA racanA kAla saM0 2089 ke lagabhaga hai tathA isake racanAkAra dhanapAla hai| isa kRti kA sampAdana zrI nijina vijaya jI ne kiyA thA aura bahuta pahale yaharacanA prakAzita bhI ho gaI thI / para isa racanA ko apara tathA prAcIna rAjasthAnI kI samajha kara isa para vizeSa dhyAna nahIM diyA gyaa| parivIlana karane para yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki yaha kRti apatra aura hindI bhASA ke bIca kI eka kar3I hai aura isake hindI ke zabda smoM ke bIca meM eka vimAjna rekhA khIMcI jA se isa racanA kA mahatvaaura adhaki bar3ha jAtA hai| dvArA apagreDa aura sakatI hai| isa dRSTi prApti sthAna prastuta kRti pATana ke bhaMDAra upalabdha huI tathA 0 1357 meM likhI prati ke stotroM meM se nikAla kara munijana vijaya jI ne isako prakAzita kiyA thA, parantu gujarAtI patra meM prakAzita hone se vaha kRti aprasiddha aura aprakAzita kI bhAMti hI banI rhii| para kRti kI paurANikatA ke kAraNa yaha aura bhI Avazyaka ho jAtA hai| ki isakA samparka anuzIlana prastuta kiyA jaay| dhanapAla kI eka kRti pAkRta satyapurIya mahAvIra utsAha ke racanAkAra meM pAiyalakkInAma mAtA *saM0 2018 kI bhI upa hotI hai| karI kI pUrva lI ko dekhakara hI lekhaka kI racanA kI varanA zakti kA anumAna saba hI kiyA jA sakatA hai| racanA sthAna: prastuta kRti kA sthAna satyapura hai| mahAvIra kI mUrti isI sthala para varNita hai| satyapura mAravAda kA sAcora nAmaka sthAna thaa| yaha sthAna aba bhI jodhapu - 1983 0 244 sampAdaka buni jina vijaya / 10 nahI hai| 3- dekhie bhAvanA kaviyo: ke0kA0 zAstrI, 20151

Page #884
838 rAjya ke dakSiNa bhAga meM hai|stypur sAcora kA saMskRta rUpa hai aura ambara prAkta hai jisakA apara sAcaura ho gyaa| vahIM sthAna mahAvIra kA eka atyanta prasidha prAcIna tIrtha hai| satyapura kelie jama nintAmaNi mantha meM jaya vIra saccarimaMDala usa milatA hai tathA jinaprabhari ke vividha tIrtha kalpa meM bhI satyapura ko vikalpa batAne kA ullekha milatA hai|atH yaha spaSTa hai ki satyapura jainiyoM kA eka viziSTa tIrtha thaa| IT: kRti kI viSaya vastu stuti paraka yA dhArmika hai tathA ghaTanA aitihAsika / stavana yA utsAha kA viSaya zrI satyapurIya mahAvIra kI pratimA hai mUrti kA AkramaNakArI ke hAtha se baca jAnA, mUrti ke prabhAva se AkramakatA kA puna: lauTa jAnA Adi ghaTanAoM ne jo ulkAti aura vidhvaMsa kI pratIka hai, pravA bhaktoM ko mAne, nAvane mUrti kA yaha varNana karane tathA kisI bhI prakAra apanI effort bhAvanAoM ke udvega kI utsAhapUrNa abhivyakti ke lie bAdhya kiyA aura dhanapAla kA yaha stavana usI pratikriyA kA pratiphala hai| dharma kI adharma para vijaya, feast kA parAbhava dhamI ke lie prasannatA kA viSaya thA / ataH dhanamAla kI preraNA ke yahI saba kAraNa viSaya rahe hoNge| kyoMki mahAvIra ke daivIya sAma ke kAraNa vyAkula hokara majanIti calA gayA aura jaina se jaba pUrNatamA parituSTa ivA to saba vIra bhane pUjA, mahimA, gIta, nRtya, bAki bajA bajAkara ibboM kA dAna Adi bhAvanAeM karane ko| vastutaH isI prabhAvanA prasaMga para upa ho kavi dhanamAla ne apanI bhakti aura ullAsa meM TUma kara vaha utpAda gIta prastuta kiyA hogA, parita hai| 15kI choTI sI kRti meM kyA nahIM hai ki kisa prakAra pUrtijAne kuvAhoM se mahAbIra kI satyapura sthita pratimA para bhASAta 1- jaisAki pR0 294 / vividha zrI jinanamAri 90-99 satyaya mahAvIra utsAha jaina-0-0-242 pada

Page #885
829 kiyA vaha ghAva Aja bhI spaSTa dikhAI par3atA hai jisako kavi ne spaSTa kiyA hai:- puNavi kuhAr3A hatthi levi jina varatana tAi canthavi kuhADehiM ho sira bAhira 1 ajavi dIsi aMgi pAva so hiya tasudhIraha calana jayatu sari-nayari ghamma suvIraha AkramaNakavI ne koriMTa, zrImAla, dhAra, narAna, a DilavAipATana vijayakoTa, pAlItANA, kadrAvatI, sola aura delavAr3A Adi mandiroM kI mUrtiyoM kI pratimAoM ko bhI dhvasta kiyA, apAra dhana lUTA para satyapura yA sAbo ke mahAvIra svAmI kI pratimA kA kucha bhI nahIM bigAr3a skaa|saath hI siddhArtha kA vamakAra arast kI moti nRtya tathA ullAsAdi utsavoM kA utkRSTa varNana kiyAgayA hai tathA kavi kI isa saMkrAtikAlIna racanA meM bhI zailI kI utkRSTavA parilakSita hotI hai| dhanapAla apanI tilaka-maMjarI ke kAraNa bAga ke samAna hI pratibhAzAlI kavi the| saMkSepa meM racanA ke isa chandoM kA sahI bAra hai| racanA sAdhAraNa hai parantu saMkrAtikAla meM ayameva aura purAnI hindI vibhAjana rekhA-sthala para sthita hai ataH mahatvapUrNa hai| kRti kA aitihAsika mahatva: jahAM taka isa racanA ke aitihAsika mahatva kA prazna hai isameM aitihAsika kavi me satyapura kI aitihAsikatA sthaot pAtroM tathA ghaTanAoM kA ullekha hai| ko spaSTa kiyA hai: vimAnamA so vinimaya da mAna biriri vIra vida 1 zrI devapATana, drAvakI, soraTha devAr3A aura manuSyoM manako bAbA somanAtha ke mandiroM ko mana kiyA para satyapura - trIya mahAvIra utsAhaH jaina sA0saM00 142 pada 7 / * vahI 0 240 pada 33

Page #886
840 yA mora ke siddhArtha mahAvIra ko yAna nahIM kara skaa|iske atirikta svayaM kavidhanapAla mAlapAti ja aura moSa kI samA kA vidvAna aura apanI paMDita thaa| bhoja kI mAhI dhanapAla ne zilA maMtrI kI racanA kI thii| satyapurIna mahAvIra utsAha meM kisI AparatI kA varNana hai| tilaka maMjarI rakhane ke bAda kavi bhora vesTa hokara satyapura A gayA thaa| usa samaya deza para tuoM kA zAma ho rahA thA jisameM mAnavI kI bomanAtha bar3hAIzatyanta pramila hai| isake atirikta poja kA samaya pI nizcita ki00 se 11 hai| ataH muhammada gajanavI mAmaya kA varNana moja hI ke zAsanakAla meM par3atA hai aura yaha bhI spaSTa pAki bhoga ke kahane para hI mapAla meM milaka maMjarI kI raknA kI bIhiraMga pramANoM pImAta hotA hai ki dhanapAla ne hI yaha AlhAdaka stuti kI thii| yo itihAsa meM yaha pramAnanIM milatAki bArAma mahamUda gajanavI ne bAyapura para bhAga liyaa| jimaya pUri ivArA linI meM bhI yaha varSana milatA hai ki pANaba ne satyapura para saupanAtha kI pAti AmaNa kiyA, para vaha saphala + nahIM A prabhAvakArija aura prayoga cintAmaNi anya mI mAda ko prasiddha bAmaNakarI pAna va kavi vanapAla ne apane stotra meM pAka mAma ko spaSTa kyiA hai bhUpihiba got mAri- livada zahAsika hone ke lie bhI samAna kiyA jA sakhA hai ki sA godhArI , jisa para matoM kA sammati sAIbI, kI aura mAmUba hI kAma nahIM yA ho| bArAma mahAvIra kI Kam (pitA -pripAri prakArakapeDiyATika sosAiTI kara

Page #887
ataH yaha spaSTa hai ki ramAkAra ne kRti meM aitihAsika satyoM aura vyoM kA bhI varNana kiyA hai|rcnaa ke visya meM bhI yaha siddha hotA hai ki bAmaNa ke samaya svayaM kavi bhI vahIM prastuta thA yA usane pratimA kI zakti kA utsAha yazogAna kiyaa| yaha dUsarI bAta hai ki AkramaNa karatI mahamUda ho, usakA senApati hogA koI bhaya rahA ho| vastutaH dhanapAla kA samaya 10. hai aura usI meM yaha utsAha -gIna ghaTanAsthala para upasthita kara liyA hai| ukta pramANoM ke AdhAra para vaha bhI yA jA sakatA hai ki turka yUnika aura canaloDya bAmpanI ne satyapura para car3hAI avazya kI thI ataH bA anumAna bhavasya hI bhAnUba gajanavI rahA hogaa| isa prakAra kRti kA aitihAsika dRSTi se mahatva spaSTa ho jAtA jisase batkAlIna samAja para hue so ke hinduoM kI pUrtiyA aura zilpa kI mana klA ko naSTa karane se kie gae atyAcAroM kA pI paricaya milatA hai| racanA ke eka sthala para kavine bhAmaNakArI kA nAma joga likhA kamipANi cirakAli Adhi kuvi joga naresaka ravya siyai saccAri di baDi bIsa jisaka zAraki mAdA raMga vApIkara barasa bara huma do rahi mibi marI baliuDa sambhavaH mAha ke pUrva kA pahaba ke bahisita kviI jaya bora nAma nAma yA mor3ane kA prabala kiyA hai| moma nareza kA yaha misa gaye jAnakArI nahIM detA, para anumAnataH yaha bhI koI samakAlIna rAjA rahA hogaa| bAkaratA me hAthI aura ghor3oM para praSiko hI bAhara nikAlA pAhA, ilAkoM ke prabhAra ri, risa ki bAra kamI spaSTa milate hai| pemA kavi meM liyaa| basa kina kI iSTi vicAra karane para hameM racanAkAra kI kAyatakA parivAhana hI kli bAbA hai| dhanavAla ne isa racanA kA prAraMbha - na . 0 . 420

Page #888
prArthanA se kiyA hai| kavi ne mahAvIra ke yaza kI vizAlatA kA varNana kiyA hai| mahAkavi kI isa kRti meM, yaha spaSTa hai ki vizAla paimAne para kAvyAta alaMkAroM, chandoM tathA anya kalApakSIya upAdAnoM kA abhAva hai| jo AdikAlIna adhikAMza racanAoM meM hI hai, parantu phira bhI bhASA kAvyaspa tathA tatkAlIna samaya meM sAhitya kI prAmANika racanAoM ke rUpa meM satyapurIya mahAvIra utsAha jaisI choTI kRtiyoM kA bhI paryApta mahatva hai| prastuta gIti muktaka meM eka ajastra dhArAvAhikatA hai pratyeka pada meM kavi kA ullAsa hai| vaha usakA utpAda pradhAna gIta hai| jisameM apabhraMza kI anuraNanAtmakatA tyA dhvanyAtmakatA jaisI kAvya pravRtiyA~ spaSTa hotI hai| kavi ke svara meM mahatR anubhUti aura madhuratA kA samanvaya hai ataH anuraMjana kI kSamatA honA svAbhAvika hai| kavi ne aitihAsika tathUya ko kAvya mAdhyama se pradara meM prabhAvotpAdaka banAyA hai| prastuta gIva kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA isake janagIta ke rUpa meM loka priya hone meM hai| jIvana ke manovegoM aura pAvoM ko jagAne meM ye jana kAvya bar3e prabhAvazAlI hai| jaina samAja meM Aja kI satyapurIya mahAvIra utsAha jaise AlhAdaka gIta kaMThastha karake pratidina pATha kie jAte hai ra kAma meM satyapurIya jinendra mahAvIra ke zaurya kA varmana paryApta ikvA se kiyA hai| varNana kA pravAha spaSTa hai: bahupati tArAyanehi ravi kiM ninyai bahuraDi bi bisare hi mila vikiMga milija, maha kuraMga AsTsa kahi kiri kAya pUjiva ba ka ( aneka vArAmaNa milakara jisa prakAra sUrya ke prakAra kA bhedana nahIM kara sakate, jaise aneka minavara miThakara bhI kyA marudra ko nigala sakate hai? jisa prakAra 1- vahI ca, vahIM pR0 42 / ha ra jimida

Page #889
843 aneka hiraNoM kA samUha bhI madonmata hAthI kA kucha nahIM kara sakate, usI prakAra aneka turka mila kara bhI satyapura ke jinendra kA kucha nahIM bigAr3a sakate ) / svAya kavi ne vividha dRSTAntoM se ukti ko puSTa kiyA hai| prastuta utsA kavi kI AvAmayI abhivyakti ( spAnTenasa eksaprezana Apha De) hone se atyan svAbhAvika bana par3A hai| zraddhA bhakti aura bhAvAveza meM kavi ne mahAvIra kI mahimA kI kSamatA ko aneka upamAnoM meM bAMdhA hai| jisa prakAra pahAr3oM meM zreSTha sumeka, tArAgaNoM meM divAkara tathA suraloka devatAoM meM indra zreSTha hai usI prakAra tInoM lokoM meM jinendra pratyapurIya zreSTha hai: jima paraMtu giravaraha meru mahagaha vidhAyaka jima mahaMtu suravaraha maz2ika uvahihiM rarANAya jina mahaMtu suravaraha ki suraloDa sureza tima tu viyaloya tilaka sambAri jinesa' (vAda sUraja ke prakAra kI bhAMti ujjavala ( prakAzita), sAgara kI bhAMti gaMbhIra mahAvIra kA amRta barasAne vAlA prativimva tInoM logoM meM anupameya hai * tivaNi paDibiMdu natthi jasu uppama dijjaI aise anupameya aura anirvacanIya mandira ke varNana karane ko aneka muMDa aura dekhane ko aneka netra cAhie jabaki kavi ke pAsa to sirpha eka hI jIbha va do mAtra hai: brahastena viloma ferg na ho nirvaha war aes guNa nivi cakka jats were yes ikkU jaM mahaniyatapU ki kama sambari vIra ikkAma. pratimA ke svArtha anekoM ke koM ko bAvaroM, kinnaroM va 2 1 13. baiMka 3. 0243 pada 113 1- vahI 0 pada 14 /

Page #890
844 kI deva dhvaniyoM aura IDami pAsa ke lie isa pUjA gIta kI abhivyakti desie: "kusuma idi ki kilika bamara kinara deva puNi isa ciMdha baiMDahi niyoke ThiusIhAsArSi' isI prakAra apUrva pravAha aura chandoM ke anuraNama meM yA pUjA gIta bar3hatA jAtA haijalakAroM ke sa meM upapA, upreyA mAlopana, makAnTAmba rayAharaNa Adi kA saphala varNana hai| ramnA saivica hai para gItinavatA se prograuta hai| mana kAvya hone se yaha stotra ira jaina vyakti kA ke gAna bana gayA hai meM kavi parasa vAkya yA phaladhi ke rUpa meM pratimA se yahI mAcanA karatA hai ki svAmI prasArita moha se mujhe bcaa| rAma mA sleDa ko tor3Asamyaga vana jAna aura caraNa ina tIna ratnoM se kocaspI yoddhA kA samUla kiAza kr| hai sasthapura kevIramAre mana meM yadi bhAva ho to apanI kRpA kA prasAra kr| dhanayA kahanA hai ki isa loka meM jo mayA vA punaH nahIM lauTatA: * ravi sAmi pasaraMtu moha haya voDahi sampardasa pi nAthu caranu bhaha koDa bihArahi kari pasAra mAri bIra baha vaha maNi pAbA pAla bAra bAhi gabana pAi.. mIra kI maMgala ubhAnA se gIla bhASA pUre khora nityanta havana kI abhivyakti evaM zrI mahAtmya hai| racanA kA udeka tIrtha kA mahAtmya mAna pratimA kI susijo dharma pracAra hI kA bAgA para usakI abhivyakti kavi kA vAkcAturya aura kauzala hai jo isa loTe se kiAlIna stuti mAna kI mA dipaka dezA hai| rakamA mana banane kavi bAya bamA badhurasA boraprasAdAtmakyA hai| pI rmaarm| sa nidhAraNa kA prazna hai, pradhAna rUma meM bhakti main- ram- na baiga sAhitya saMzodhaka khaMDa kA pada 15 //

Page #891
845 rasa hI sarvatra niSpanna hotA hai| yo utsAha bhAva kA isameM bAyopAnta saMbhAra haimara vAkya ke samaya kavi kA nirveda bhAva nimna ho jAtA hai| raktA geya hai arr aitihAsika kathA vastu se sambandhita hone hue bhI kAvyAtmaka, tathA svaDanIya hai| saMkSiptA usakA guNa hai| pratyeka pada apane meM svataMtra hai| racanA muktaka gIti hai, jisake pratyeka pada meM apanA apanA svataMtra bhAva hai| pUrI racanA rolA meM rakhI gaI hai| mA~ roThA apamaMtra kA atyanta prasiddha hai, jo apake kisI bhIgIti muktaka meM deza jA sakatA hai| freen: racanA sAdhAraNa hote hue bhI aneka kAraNoM se mahatvapUrNa ho gii| | satyapurIya mahAvIra utsAha kI bhASA ! "satyapurIya mahAvIra utpAha kI bhASA ke viSaya meM vidavAnoM meM paraspara maidA va tAdI kI hone se bhASA kI jAnakArI ke lie mahatvapUrNa hai| tatkAlIna bhASA kA svama usakA purAnI hindI kI ora yA tatsama vadoM kI ora bar3hane kA prayAsa, loka bhAkAke khudoM kA usameM samAveza tathA apAtra kI uttaravartI sthiti Adi sabhI mahatvapUrNa tatvoM kA samAveza dhanapAla kI isa racanA meM ucita hai| samapurIya usA eka aisI kahI hai jo paravartI ava ko purAnI hindI yA dezI pAvA nAkA vitAna hai| kI dRSTi se bhI racanA mahatvapUrNa lagatI hai| isa racanA kI bhASA ke viSaya meM bavAnoM meM mataikya nahIM hai zrI munini vijaya jI * tathA zrI ke kA0 zastrI* 1- deviya bhASaNA kaviyo 1045:zrI kA strI / 20 nAgarI pracAriNI patrikA varSa maMka meM zrI nAiTA jI kA lekha-vIragAthAkAla kA jaina mAyA 3- nAhiyo 0 244 / 4- mAyA kaviyo 1903 satyapurIyamahAvIra utsAha paricaya para zrI strI jI likhate hai ki yahakaki mAlavapati roja kI vana sabhA meM agraNI thaa| isI kavi gAthA kA satyapurIya mahAbIrosAiDana nAmaka apa kAvya racanA hai|

Page #892
836 donoM isako apabhraMpa kI hI ThaharAte hai| para zrI agarabanda nAiTA ise udha japa kI na mAna, prAcIna rAjasthAnI se prabhAvita uttara apatra kI hI mAnate haiM tathA unhoMne ise vIragAthA kAla ke bhASA kAvyoM ke anta hI rahA hai| kaI gujarAtI vidravAna ise jUnI gujarAtI kI kRti samajhate hai svayaM munijI ne gujarAtI samAja meM jaina sAhitya kI gujarAtI kI sabase prAcIna racanA hI mAnakara isakA prakAzana kiyA hai| 3 yadyapi vivAnoM ne isa kI mAdA ko avatha vivAdagrasta banA diyA nA hai, para racanA kI mAtrA kA adhyayana karane para yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki racanA prAcIna rAjasthAnI kI hai jisa para apabhraMza ke paravartI rUpoM kA prabhAva hai| sAtha hI tatkAlIna pracalita kucha videzI bhI A gae hai| kucha zabdoM kI vyutpatti para vicAra karane para isameM purAnI rAjasthAnI aura uttarA kA spaSTa parilakSita hotA hai tathA kaI zabda to eka dama saMskRta ke hI apaka rUpa hai yathA: pasaraMta (saM0) prasaraMta raki (saM0) rakSi sAni (saM0) svAmin pasAu koha pacAuri 1 1- jaina sA00 0241-244 pasAr3a saM prasAda (saM0) krodha (apaca) sAbora (prA0) sava vihoraDi (0) visphoTaya uttara apapresa ke svasya prastuta karane vAle zabda dekhie: apa:- (1) iyaranara, manumaru, vijJAna, jagaDana, mavaNa, sipatthara, panchevara, nayari, mAi, gahanagaDa, divA, janAvara, malki, viyaloya.. Adi (saMjJA) (saM0) sAyapura (kriyA)(2) vijaya, Dimba, bha, milija, umvasiyA, pucchratthaDavi feeves, vees, vija aadi| * 46 baiMka zrI nATA kA lekha /

Page #893
817 ke pI chAda mila nAke :idancha, kamba, idacha, mAn, pAkTika, bahaDAvasli, soradA. ajjayi, yuDiDi, kiMkilli, asArasahi aNamabudA, baritha, sindhu, nasthi daha aadi| aneka rAjasthAnI canda kI balavA se parilakSita hone hai:prA0rAjasthAnI *-sA. ( ma, kima, 9, bAsa, varavariki, karaNa, risa, gAya, bAba, 2-satanAma-vizeSa- bodehi siri, koDa, ji. puhAr3A, bhAmaMDala, sirimAla, jaga, maNa, Apadama poDiya, vivoDiya, voDahi, moDahi, bali kAhi mili, rati, bhApiyo maMdAmiyo, nividima, mAsi, bIsahi, mokSiya, mahAvi, namaka, uvahi, ravi si, vIsaDa, paIsaDa, magaDa, pAvaka, AvA Adi hatsama zabdoM nimnalikhita batsama rUpoM meM yaha jJAta ho jAtA hai ki kRti kI pASA apane purAne moM ko hor3a nama kara rahI hai:unmUla, vAya. pAraMga, maSika, siriyAkasa, sone, ca. giri, miti , cirakAli, mIvara, garama, nimita, mi, ma. mobAnA, gamana, mara -bhara, girivara pe kina mAdi aadi| videzI videzI hai| kI kAra kA prati yayApi inamadoM meM spaSTa hai panA kitsara vikAsa pariNati ko gAtA hai| yadi isI vikasita sakosa pApA ke stara maza kA vikasita svAnA somavRkti nahIM hogii| gi mare vi, mevevi, mAvi bada apaka ke parivartana kI mora aMta aura mAla kI bAta hI lagI hai|maayaa ina udAharaNoM

Page #894
848 se aisA lagatA hai ki aba ke do ma usa samaya prAlita rahe hogeM eka svAbhAvika aura dUsarA kRtrim| sAtha hI sAtha ina padoM meM saralatA Ane kA Agraha hai| ukta vivecana se spaSTa hotA hai ki vI tAbdI meM apayaza apane avasAna para dhImIra usameM uttarottara purAnI hindI ke svarama kA DhAcA nirmita ho rahA thaa| aiyAvidhi anya vibhASAoM meM satyapurIya mahAvIra utsAha ke atirikta tatkAlIna ko prati nahIM milatI banaH purAnI hindI ke prArambhika syoM kI bIja rUpa meM isa kRti meM dekhA jA sakatA hai| niSkarSa: ina nayoM para vicAra karate hue sevaka isa niSkarSa para pahuMcA hai ki isa kRti kI bhASA amAMDa ke paravartI moM se prabhAvita prAcIna rAjasthAnI rAjasthAnI sAhitya ke eka prasiddha vidvAna zrI narottamadAsa jI bhI isako prAcIna rAjasthAnI kI hI svIkAra karate hai| isa prakAra pApA, kAvya saundara zilpa tathA anya upAbAnoM kA adhyayana kara hama isa niSkarSa para pahuMca jAte hai ki yaha sarva prathama racanA hai jo AdikAlIna racanAoM ko hI sthAna para pahuMcA detI hai, yA isI meM meM paravartI apava ke mA purAnI hindI ra ma puravita hai| mapAla kI 5 mAdhAnoM kA yaha choTA sA sotra sAhityika, rAnaitika, aitihAsika, sAskRtika Adi bhI inTiyoM apanA viSiSTamahatva sabIsa tyAnabaha spaSTa ho gayA ki yayApi vidvAnoM ne sapAla kI isa racanA ko apaga kI mAnI hai parantu vAstava meM aisA nahIM hai|is racanA ko kisI bhI prakAra vijaya apAMva kI racanA mI mA pA samAsa spaSTa hai ki ramAmoM kI dhvaniyoM va pvani mUlaka riyo prabhAva parata yaha bhI spaSTa hai ki racanA kA jyAlayamA ba maboM kA / loka bhASA kA aura kie pIpA prAcAI mAyAmA kaThina hai, aura isake lie koI nizcita -lAmArA voDA-svAvanA kAma.. (samAsvarayAsvAmI nrottmdaas|

Page #895
sImA rekhA bhI nahIM khIMcI jA sakatI kyoMki isa saMkrAnti kAla meM bhASA parivartana meM pravAdiyAM lagI hogii| mata prastuta kRti ko uttara apaca aura purAnI hindI, purAnI rAjasthAnI yA anI gujarAtI kI paramparAoM kA spaSTIkaraNa karane kA zreya diyA jA sakyA hai| yaha bhI saMbhava ho sakatA hai ki zodhakaratAnoM ko isa kRti se bhI koI pUrva kI prAcIna kRti mila vAya para jJAna vazeSa kI vartamAna sthiti meM dhanapAla kI yaha kRti satvapurIba mahAvIra utsAha hI sabase prathama kRti kahI jA sakatI hai| isa utpADa pradhAna mIta ke pazcAha mIhi payavA se yukta aura bhI choTI choTI racanAeM milatI hai| ktaka sAhitya ke sAdikAla kA yaha jaina sAhitya paryApta sampanna hai|ngiitoN ke viSaya dhArSika hai tathA inameM isI prakAra ke vaya viSaya se mara hai|maame pustaka kAvya ke ina vividha pIboM, yonoM gayA stanoM kA paricaya karAyA gayA hai| jinapazi bhUri pala mIDa -ttel mArakama mIti racanAoM meM bAikI kI do praviNa rakhanA apAya hogii| ye donoramAra eka hI batAyA lilI maIyA ima kA rasA kAhI sk| pAlI ramA ! aura dUsarI pattAvonoM kI mAyAmA ramA kA bhI 18 / ramA pAThI mI mAtra bAdha aura vizva zAma ho| dii| donoM mIloM meM prAcArya jinapati ke bIna kI vividha ghaTanAmoM aurasAmA laka sthitiyoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| zAkibI amaraganya baralAla nAhaTA pu.. vahI aura //

Page #896
donoM racanAeM bar3I sarasa aura jana bhAvAtmaka hai| padAvalI komala kAMta, bhASA sarala aura prAsAdika hai| racanAoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana hI ucita pratIta hotA hai| donoM racanA prakAzita hai| 850 cavala gIta kA eka prakAra vizeka kahA jA sakatA hai jo vizeSatA maMgala kAvyoM yA udgAroM kA sUcaka hai| dhavala gIta vizeSatayA vivAhotsavoM meM gAye jAte hai| vivAha aura cavala ko paryanta mAnA jA sakatA hai|dhvl saMjJaka racanAoM meM yahI donoM mItiyAM sabase adhika prAcIna | ataH cavala u kI paramparA kA zrI mameva bhavIM zatAbdI se hI hotA hai| vivAhoM ko bhI after navala hI kahA jAtA hai| yoM vidvAnoM ne pI vivahalo, dhavala aura maMgala saMjJaka ko hI mAnA hai| donoM racanAeM, gIta hai| inamItoM meM kUti kI tIvratA, ullAsa, mAyA mata saralatA aura barasatA hai| komala valI tathA sundara cayana hai alaMkAra prayAda yadyapi donoM vIM zatAbdI ke kAdha kI racanAeM hai| meM apUrNa gati pradAna karate hai| padanyAsa prAsAdika yojanA sampanna hai| donoM guru prArthanA se prArambha hote hai| donoM meM pATha sAmya bhI milatA hai|praarmbh hI dekhie: zAharaNa: paracha: vIra jinesara mamai surevara niya yugavara niti sUriyaNa mAyo, bhakti para harasiddhi parima tima tAra va eka kAraNa dekhi pUraNa kathavaro niyama vinAsa pAya nAva iti vimira mara saka mI vara mI akabara niti dUri sarasa pani ma kama meDana suna kama mAiso mani ramale vimAna kAraNa mIDiya pUrana kalpataro divAnA banAna, irita timira na (ma) ra sahasako * nAgarI pravAhinI patrikA: varSa 58 aMka 4 0 2011 0 418-46 200 kA 0 0 6 pada 1-2 30 vahIM, i0 81

Page #897
donoM kI pattiyAM pAThoM ko hor3akara milatI hai| zAyada donoM samakAlIna hone se pratiyoM kA pATha mizraNa ho gayA hogaa| para bhAme kA pATha saba bhinna hai| bAhara kI zabdAvalI ke vividha alaMkArika sthala isTarna hai: 1- nayara nara mAri navaraMga pariyAyo 2. bihu apa bArava siva muha kAraNa para bAchiya pUraka pro| - nAna guNa cAraNa guru payAra baDa abara vAsare paTTo paravare - bAdha para pApa sAsamA devi, devi nAlaMdharA rajivIra - mayala bhAra sidhAnta avamAhae, sajaNa mA nayama AvAe ' padAvalI ne vApatyAritA aura madhuratA dekhie * pAravi kari saba lAvanma guru bAyAra, jaNa ama paDa pani gharIra sira mAya bule kAla divAnara, bAdIba gaya pada kesarISa varIya saMbama girIya bhImapallI pure, maMdivara vi pi bare baha sayala mAra siddhAnta avamAe sajaya mama nayama AdIra' bhatta ke bhI kalAtmaka udAharaNa isa prakAra hai: savina vimAna pAya mAgna irikha dimira ( bha) ra sAsarI (kAnoratama kAma mopaNa pUla mandiA rana marara vAri dhana para mAre mUla nAdi sArI (0 maravara mAriva pari pare bAbA, (5) parapIba mAnamatIya banu zrI kA bala karane vAle dina pAragamana kApa banAma kAmada, kimA ranoM paripUrNa nAsAThI, bInoM lokoM kA anuraMjana karane vAlA yA maMgA liyA / vivAvaLI basapi nimuvana moDIue mogA zubha mAvi maMdira yoDIya bhAga gaba ramAvara viyapa nA bhAvato pahile moDahara pavika jana mohAya, bAlaipa moDatimira to

Page #898
kAmadhenottama kAma kumopana , puraSa jaima cintArayaNa zrIya jipa asipi naba naba mI tula prabhAva prapaTIyakaraNa jana rana praba duha maMjara dekhaNa nAma carita juno sakala jiNAgama kho gadara abhinavara poyama udayavato puravi pasiyA bhUri purIsara kuvara kamala nayaNa maMgala kula maMga aLavAe jasa niramAe isa gAlikA lihi avanavi piira siri mAlba lohiri tiSa sohana sihi kyA sArita jiNavAipa muri mahimA nisAe isa prakAra jama bhASA meM race jAne se donoM gItoM kI bhASA sarala hai|kaavy khya kI dRSTi se donoM gIviyAM sarasa aura lokapriya hai| mASA kA pitva rAjasthAnI miThAsa hai| donoM gIta choTe aura geya hai| madhu vindu gIta pada savIM sadI kI eka sarasa aura meya racanA jina prama mUri racita mA minyu mI paravanA basi / pratilipi bhavana nyAya meM parati . . nA meM prakAra mAra svAmI kA bAda hai| isameM visa puSoM ko mA bindu padamA kA hai| bApa dekhinakoDa pariyAbI ki pAna stioM ko pIla pANi samati bagira bIla pIsa bali anadhi atirSi vAri mubaMgA vira ligavi mA mAhira mAni vilimiti samana mA kiri milA mArikA siri milA isa kaSTa ki virA bA bhaSi maha pahA madhu binduvA

Page #899
sAta mukha mari kipi so liva isa viSaya sukha prabhavA racanA meM saMsAra kInazvaratA kA spaka meM DAlI pakar3a kara gire hue manuSya ke sAtha bAdhA hai jisakI DAlI ko dina rAta mI bUDhe kATa se hai aura kueM meM asamara (mRtyu) aura DAlI para lage anta meM madhu minDa (sukha viSaya) gira rahe hai| bAhara masta gala dahAr3a rahA hai| ba svAmI ne isI paka anyA ke bhaba cora ko spaSTa kiyA hai| bhASA sarata rAjasthAnI hai| pada marasa belI meM liyA gayA hai yA meba hai| myUlipa gItama' sthatimA ke sambandha meM yaha racanA hai| racanAkAra bAta kavi prakAzita hai| racanA 14vIM zatAbdI kI hai| aSaza se prabhAvita para rAjasthAnI hai| udAharaNa dRSTavya:* parisa sama mAna manu TAlila bA aNi barahi, kara joDivi pAhi pA kosala gayA thA bhAga ziNi paeimAsa mugavidhAna puniyara faar - -- - bamika va bhAvarilabona kA viya pari eka mArA vikAra samaya mada kA kapa viNa bAniyA ra kapAsavAsa rima mari yi mAmi ramamA gapAlA biti sambandhita hai|

Page #900
854 zrI jayara svAmI gItam vayara svAmI ke caritra para prakAza DAlane vAlA yaha choTA sA gIta hai| yaha jana bhASA kAvya racanA 7 kar3iyoM kI hai| racanA sthUlima gIta kI ThI maMrti ra lekhaka kI hai| mASA meM jaya kA prabhAva spaSTa parilakSita hotA hai| inagItoM meM kathA ta pI mila jAtA hai| bhASA kA udAharaNa draSTavya hai: puni so vaidaha bahara sAmi mili sahi sAtha iti saMndriya cADa ra miyo haMdu dhAri rAti divasa rovai samAsa muni Anu ghari sunaMdA maga na deI vo jahale inha dhanagiri panai imhi nAva de hoisI bAmanI palitA nai dera ha nA heDara jini paDhina gyAraha aMsUta vi yaha vaMdaho badara sAmi jo jagi parvato vayara svAmI neminAtha, jambU svAmI tathA aneka tIrthoM ke sambandha meM aneka gIta hai jinakA nAma sUcI meM de diyA gayA hai| isa prakAra inagIta kAvyoM inake Ida aura paravaprathama hone kI pravRtti spaSTa kAvya kI dRSTi se meM racanAeM mahatva kI hai| saMskRta stotroM kI bhAMti inameM vaha barasatA nahIM hai parantu kAvya rUpoM ke vaipinnaya ke kAraNa hI inakA mahatva hai| stotra svasaMracanA bhI bahuta bar3I saMkhyA meM upalabdha hotI hai jinameM ye kucha racanAoM kA paricayAtmaka vivaraNa diyA jA rahA hai| zatAbdI se hI ina nAoM kA bAya milane lagatA hai| jayasAgara (saM0 1485 ) ne aneka stotroM nahIM hai jinameM se kucha isa prakAra kI racanA kI hai| ve svona mItoM kI bhAMti - abhaya caina granthAlaya bIkAnera meM surakSiya

Page #901
bAvIsa jina stotra yaha stotra jayasAgara viracita kavi ne nindroM kA prazasti gAna kiyA hai| pUrI racanA varNanAtmaka hai| kucha pravAhapUrNa sadAharaNa isa prakAra hai: *vimala mahAmati subha dAtAra, vimala jiyesara sebasAra jiNa arNava paNa manAu, paTa baMcA diya bA dharamanAtha jima dharama gumAla pAvaDaM pADara hukkAta maMtimI mi umara bhayakara karaI sina sevara kyavAra Diva jima japhiDa vevI sA pAnAha takviAna samaja mahAvIra mahimA maMDAra ko sevA yo jApaDa bhAra isa prakAra sAmAnya rUpa meM marala bhASA meM kavi ne caubIrthoM jinendroM ko zraddhA snigdha praNAma kiyA hai| racanA kA uddezya dhArmika hai| meminAtha bhAva pUSA stotra pUrI racanA pAya prAlI bIma pAlI maI mAge samAnAmA pUrva senA kI zA ko kavi ne glAsa pradhAna bAlI meM apita kiyA hai| nAlanTana: "puramA pUrvamA bAbA, ve gAra gAva soDavA baDIyomAdeva devA, mAvA lI yevA banI bIralI hi pArevi pUrI, manoraMka ghoDake malA pUrI madeva bAmi mA bAma, vA mahAmoDa mata pahala nAma mAnaka bholi ya bApAra kaMka guNa dharane praSu pUrati ati ma saka bI naI vADi pi bI duniI mevADi, Dodara mA hurdama dina bidevikaDiNI goDaI sima bima bana gayaNa vimoDa

Page #902
816 sira gilAla macakuMda kaipiliM, pAData nai araviMda damaN' manyA jUhI kaMdA, vAlA keTala baMda jaya jaMgama para baru sarisava, sevaka jana vaMchiya karaNa deva varanANa sarovara rAjahaMsa, pAdana kula komala kamaka iMsa lau tiyaNa tAraka tarapa pura, baLa yaha vidhi pasariya pUjasa pUra isa prakAra pUrI racanA bhAva pravaNa hai| bhASA sarala evaM sarasa hai| dhArmika kyA upAsanA sambandhI hai| paMcatIrthakara namaskAra stotra AdinAtha, gatinAtha pAranAtha me bhimA Adi bAra pramukha tIrthakoM ko namaskAra karane ke rUpa meM tathA unake guNa varNana karane ke rUpa meM kavi jayasAgara viracita cavI namaskAra stotra prApta hai| racanA ullAsa pradhAna gIti kA hai jo kula "doM meM likhI gaI hai| bhASA udAharaNa dedhiH * romAnisa hibA paramAra mayaSa abhiya rasa pIlamA, bIla mAdi nirNaya mAva tAya guru deva kaI hari zubhAdhAra huma miNa bhavara koI mA, mAvi mA kari mAra mA ma jiyAra rakta, paba visaMgana bIra pIriNa pumi mirivAra giri, jiNa pAmi bhavabIra gaurava mAvibA, muSi mistrI girinAra ziri ramaya mAga garie. sohA memikamAra kaviroSoka vASirIrika vyAdhiyoM se bacAne kI maMgala kAmanA kAma nAma rakhA hai| ramA kI bhASA svasTa sarata hindI basava:

Page #903
8137 15vIM batAbdI meM isa prakAra ke aneka stotra milate hai| jinakA vistAra bhaya se paricaya diyA jAnA sambhava nahIM hai| stavana stavana saMjJaka racanAoM meM merananvana aura jayasAgara meM aneka racanAeM lipI bhI ThIka vaisA hI hai jaisA stotra saMjJaka racanAoM kA / stavana eka hI kAvya prakAra ke paryAya hai isa sambandha meM hai| ina svanAoM kA vAstava meM stotra aura kucha stanoM kA paricA aprati hai: zrI caturviti jina stavana atra as kI 14vIM zatAbdI kI stavana saMjJaka racanA zrI caturva jina stavana hai| isameM bhI 24 nindroM kA prazasti gAna kiyA gayA hai mAyA para apabhraMza prabhAva parilakSita hotA hai| tIrthakaroM kI stuti bar3e utsAha se kavi meM prastuta kI hai: -- " moDa mahA maDha maya mahana, risaha visara deva after for a mamiti tumha mamaseva bhUvana vimUvaNa majiya vina, vijayA devavi malhAra nivartata maha rAni viyana sAra sevara suga saMvara varima, saMkara ki mihAvu dipa mane, vihA yasari paDa, havI naMdana deva kyAna dina, suraviraiya seva hiri kari bali vimala jina nijjiya moha gada Nuna paNa pAyA viyaNa nayanAvaMda

Page #904
88 grAma artha anaMta guNa, subasA dekhi malhAra masAyara votthiM sama mama jaya jinavAra" isa prakAra kavi ne jinavaMdana prazasti meM hI pUrA svayama liyA hai| racanAkAvya kI dRSTi se sAdhAraNa hai| svaMmameva paravarvanAtha stavana ukurarakuraku (prathama) FREE zvara sthita pArzvanAtha kI pratimA kI prazasti rUpa meM prastuta stavana likhA gayA hai| kavi kA kAvya kauzala aura mAyA kI saralatA iSTa haiN| racanAkAra jayavAga rahe / stavana kA racanAkAla 15vIM vAbudI kA uttarAya hai| udAharaNa dekhie: *niya mahArasa vIrakhaMDa paya vakkara poliya havA ha taha jANi vApi ma mudridaya boliya jaM nisarga tavi bhaviga loya tisa mukthana pAgai zrIviva gavi pUre nA jai dhanya vakyAgar3a mapi sAmala liya kAya, ke gagavaDa vara bahu kariyati kara tAchi, jima sobana siri sovanna rAi pAna cokamaya do pada cora maya saMkarA, roma bhava soma maya yoga bhaya varA nimaya devarI, vAmana bApa mapi pAsa avesa * ramA bhAvAtmaka kA rasa hai| racanA kI prati jaina prathAlaya surakSita hai|

Page #905
svaMpane pArvanAtha stavana (divatIya) isI nAma se eka divasIya pravana nI milA jo isaranA ke pakSa va prAsAdika hai| vaha mI jayasAgara viracita hI varNana siAtmaka aura anuprAsAtmaka hai:* vaNava bhAbharabaha mAlA, tihi manA kara mAtA niravimira bipi bhAnasa pari jimi sa nivAsI, jima varmati barAi vikAyo, jina udayAnala mA gara igavya vinAvIya, bhAripura saragasarImAdIsaha pAsa prakAra homa ra kapiNIkA, mahimA pugaNAvi mo ziva ra pAnA citAmavi miti mApaDa, bhApama jima jaga pugatihi thApA, kApar3a pApar3a ke mAmi barobara #Ti yo ni uravara bhAki pati moli g isa prakAra donoM ramAI barasa mIra meva hai| zrI bImAra svAmI sama vIdhara svApa basi gAma ko kavi ne isa stavana meM joyA racanA 11 mAthAnoM pUrI I lAkAra mAti abhaya jaina yAlaya hai| bhAmA nopAna prabhAvita rasmA para aura parivamUlaka jisane cInTa bhAvoM ko prarita ke sma mebhArA gayA hai| bhASA kA

Page #906
860 "dhanna he namara jAhi sAmi sImaMgharo, viharae bhandha jama sabda saMsyaharo kAmaghaTa devamaNi deva phaliyA bIya pariNIya mAmilAI miliyaDa nAva guNi kAna gupi caraNa guNi moDiyA,sAra uvagAra saMpAra saMboDiyA rayaNi diNi harita vadhi susta mAgaramaNA, bAda manAna kAryati vilayama jamA sisi kara rivikara kSira saMkarA, vikya viza abhiyabhara sAmi sImaMdharA kara pula joDikari bAnimuNiyo, bAla jima hela de pAya buha payiyo moha para mAna para lopa para pariyau bamapara rAgAra kAma bhara pUrimo isa prakAra kavi jIvanodhara ke lie aneka zubha saMkalpoM ko yAcanA karatA hai|rcnaa sAdhAraNa hai| isI prakAra stavana maMjaka aneka racanAaI hai jinakA ullekha pariziSTa mekara vIkaroM T mahApuruSoM ke mAMgalika parva, janamotsava tathA saMyamabhI varaNa ke avasara paraunheM vividha tIrthoM ke jaja se kalA dvArA snAna karAte hai smAna karate samaya jina bhAvanAoM kA rakya hotA hai unako kalA mA abhiSeka kahate haiN| tIrthakara pratimA ko Anabina ho mama khAna karAne samaya meM racanAeM prazasti stuti mAdi ke pAsa kI jAtI hai|klaa zaka rakhanA muktaka hai tathA saMkhyA meM anekoM prApta hai| eka do kA parimaya bhI diyA jAtA hai| inaravanAvoM meM nAvAtmaka pada inakI sabase bar3I vigavA hai| racanAeM 15vI prathA pI bAdI vaka milatI hai| - - nAma svApI mAmA mApana kI studhi mUlaka yaha racanA hai| bhASA bharasaka banA racanA kI kAvyAtmakatA ke udAharaNa dussttsy| devAdi vipiri maMbare, deva bappaDa sAmipI bare bama paDa saMga mA , DiyA saMDakSaNa ahasA saMDalA

Page #907
861 maya naI vana vittha jala pUriyAM, dUra rava dUra pUraMta vara cUriyA merumivAviyA deva ko DiDi kya klasa koDIyama mahUra gAyeti bahu kinnarI samapurA, laMkiyA kina kinnaravarA besarA viula dala kamalakela komalA malakarA. kiraNa ramaNIya ramaNIya rAmaNavarA isa prakAra racanA anuprAsAtmaka aura sarasa hai| AnaT ke abhiSeka kA prazasti gAna hai| racanA kI bhASA aura zabdoM kI aravAnAtmakatA aura kanyAtyakatA dRSTavya hai| lekhaka prazAda hai| racanAkAla 15 dI hai| varNana kI nAdAtmakatA dekhie * dhana ravaNa runya miya kaNamaya klAsihi havana karevi lar3a paMca vanna kumihi mahivi harisiya sura navaMti maha gaf ggi pugi pani ghoMga ghoMghau mima mAta kaTaTima kaTaTima TiTima TiTima bahu paDha kimi ni mi mA sama chalapala upala kaMsAramaya babjiya isI taraha racanAkAra ne gIta ko saMgIta va vAkya pradhAna banAneke lie aneka nRtya safe asdoM kA prayoga kiyA hai| racanA kI alaMkArikatA iSTavya hai| mAdinAtha ciya isa pada meM bhI usa raknA kA hI anugamana hai vilaya saMjJaka racanAeM samabhava sabhI eka hI prakAra ke likhI gaI hai| prati mana pranthAlaya meM hai| racanA meya va saMgIta satya pradhAna hai| racanA 11vIM zatI kI va racanAkAra ajJAta hai| isameM bhI dhvanipUrNa khuda kA cakna dekhie:

Page #908
862 . malavis Gous sAla bhara kara kAhala varakhAla se kanaka buka mugala saMthA se vajati manohara dUra asairavA sebI de viSu siriya sUta te paNa kaThina unata vaTa, se hAva bhAvavibhrama vilAsa isa prakAra racanA jina vayana kI prazasti mAtra hai| tati vAyadi, ve kimmara vara gaMdharva gAya simi, se ani misa ramani naca bhavANI maharaNa, te bani sani kara tika jima guNa gahana mahAvIra klava mahAvIra ke abhiSeka para aneka vAdyoM ke sAtha ullAsapUrNa abhivyakti meM gAI huI yaha sundara racanA hai| nRtya aura gAna kA sundara varNana ullekhanIya hai| racanA kA levana kAla 1500 ke pUrva va lekhaka jJAta hai: ghuTa ghuTTa Didi hipa par3a ga nAnA ki riGa riDa Ti ki riDa riDa riTa karA ki Di dina riTa vanjaya kaTa borDa vAlA koI sadI vAlA koIti DAliyA sara fegrets maMgaute niyoMmpara ama bImA de baca kahike meM kaTare miDadi maDDA va sehi dina isa prakAra pUrA bAiyoM va vAloM kA varNana sabhI saMracanAoM meM hai| racanAoM kI saMkhyA bahuta vikAsa hai| jinameM ve meM ina kaviSaya racanAoM vizva mA avasya spaSTa ho skegii| kehI udAharaNoM se : kolA : ti tivArI manaharI bolikA saMracanAyeM bhI stavana kI paryAya hI hai| inameM kaviyoM ke dhArmika

Page #909
8.3 stavana prastuta karane ke bola hai|ullaas ke ina boloM dvArA kavi apane hRdaya kI zraddhA aura bhakti kA prakAzana karatA hai| ina bolikA saMjJaka racanAoM meM adhikatara pUrva racanAoM kI pAti sApradAyika yA dharma prazastiyoM tathA stavana hai| ina racanAoM maiM adhika saM0 1437 kI prati se upalabdha hai| prati paya jaina granthAlaya meM surakSita hai| bhASA meM apabhraMza bakoM kA bAhulya hai| bolikA aura bolI donoM eka hI prakAra kI racanAoM ke lie prayukta huA hai| kucha racanAoM kA paricaya nimnAMkita hai: zrI bAsu pUjya bolI racanA aprakAzita hai| isakA pATha 0 1400 kI hasta likhi prati (abhaya jaina granthAlaya se mAnya hai|naa dhArmika tathA deva artha aura upAlA Adi ke lie liTIgaI hai| kRti me hai| isameM nyAtmaka badoM aura vAdoM kA varNana hai| bAi pUjya tIrtha ko namana kiyA gayA hai| ArAdhya kI pUjA meM sAdhaka kI pUjA vidhi va ullAsamaya mola iSTavya hai- lekhaka hai: kari u vAcA suMdari maNi ni vA mahivi agaka myUka na karI grApha yA yUja svAvahi pAvana pani aMgi vi tApa rAvane vivi kA niva vAdoM kI bahAra nikA nAmAni paDyA yA dona tAkArI rihAnI DAla tA madara para korI yA bhAva yA parimAra rimAyahi gAyana sohi ma isa maulika racanAoM meM bhI gIta tathA gAiyoM kI pradhAnatA hai tathA kari dinamA pATha bIma me maharaMga

Page #910
864 bhAdinAtha bolikA AdinAtha ke stavana ke lie kavi ne mAliAtha para unlAsamaya bolo se yaha kar3iyoM kA stotra prasvata kiyA hai| pApA sarala stotra sarasa tathA meya hai| 14vIM zatAbdI kIranAmoM meM isI prakAra kIbotra rabamAeM upalabdha hai eka udAharaNa dekhie: * bAbA diyAvahi jIva raksavAhi loyA miliyA roka vA jamAmiDa kahahi milA umabhUlahi duha baMDa tA kala sapigAriNI mAvaya sArihi mini risaha virSika nA karA gii saraha mugAha pahirAvaNI suraMga DA maba bhAmA yahi rAmA, mAsiya mAvi bA bandhAdi devadi devaputrI, mahAkA mAti kA zivakI hiditi bhaNa AnaM dihi raMgihi bhavahi bAla vA bhAi sanjiri mali banyA madana bhara sAla. isa racanA meM kavi ne laya aro, rAma cUmara yA puri bhAbi kA varNana kiyA hai| mAyA smanTa hotA hai ki ina bhAvAmA svabano bAna ke pAsa aura dhummara Adi bhI hote ho| jina prakopa puri boliyA bAbA jina prayoSa hari ke AmoM, aba, prabhAva aura dIkSAko bAracI baI hai| pUrI racanA mAthAnoM meM zriImAna va bhASA parata aura sa mAya maNi maNyAta kaTAra rejima agavA Toba vara parisika simita garika kasora kapi Daki kA

Page #911
865 meThati tiSya puha baiya mAla agesarA gAyati pazyaNa mAyaro a, paNa varajaNa sarA raNa maNA priya zuddha pAbhijimi moha nigala hApita jiNa prabodha sUri mahue majada para asura bharasaMpuSTa vastuta: ye rakhanAeM jinanayoM paTTotsaba ke kAma meM bhI likhI jAtI thii| ramanA meM apara prAcIna rAjasthAnI tazA tatsama zabdoM kA prayoga spaSTa stotra kArika zrI jaya mAniAtha bolI prastuta ramA vAdinAtha kA gIta pATha hai| rabamA mAlakArika va mana bhASA se likhI hone se paryApta sarala hai udAharaNa desie: * jA caMdakuMva samutti dittihi sagara tiya dhavaliye bana pAya paMkya haMsa jivasura asura rAya seviya maba kuMda bApa veDala kekI vAsIyA sAra paya bAdazI yAni ma imariyA bhI mAra mammira bhAlari yoni kA mAnahAisa taraha bama tIrtha ke AdinAtha vIkara para mAzo meM pUrI bolikA yA moDI lipIbaImA kAramA kA prati vargama vRnTabya hai| - maimimA bolI yAtmaka mAya mA are mAna Adi sabhI kA varNana kavi ne pAra prastuta kiyaa| upAsamA bA pacati va bhakti gAna kA

Page #912
866 kAvyAtmaka varNana isa stotra meM milegaa| mAyA pravAha pUrNa va sarasa hai: barakama kalama pari kuMDa maiva mahima hobA memi kumAra mi kampUrI kadhUrI daNi aMgi bilevA mArU rava patha paDDala bela vAla, siri pupaDi pariva rAgI niya niya niya bADitI sUra nagA baha isa pari nava naba aMgI bahi dodoM vili banyA paudhoM mRdaMga suma kriDiDi hiDiDi Di hiDiDiDi mahariDi ra bAgi yahi Ayuba musaraM ri batyaka munaka bAhiri kaTakTa Tima kTa 'Tima TiTima TiTima riga SaDAlA utsAla chala chala chala chapa chapA sAla mubI bAla jati taka ruka gala mapahara mahari magama kari tAhi nacAhiM nATigi dhoMgini apara bhagabhariyA kAri isa prakAra isI nAvAtmaka bana gAthAoM meM yaha boThI samApta huI hai| stavana varga votikA saMsaka banA vizeSa sarasa me vividha bAiyoM ke samIra pUrva tathA bhAkArika hai| isI para kaI anya banA vinakA bAzika parikya moho paayaa| ki nidhi hara kiyA vInaMtI karamA gama hotI hai| samAI simAnAmA pakkI lagAma rasAyana rI prArthanA banakara abhivyakta hue hai| ramAeM kI sAmAna gAvapUrva manyAtmaka stotra / inakA uddezya bhI dhArmika putroM yA nindroMga salamAnaramAnoM kI bhASA prAcIna rAjasthAnI hai| rinA mA lekhakoM kI pratiyA jaisalamera baiga bhanDAra thA abhaya jaina

Page #913
827 granthAlaya meM surakSita hai| stuti saMjJaka racanAoM meM sabase prAcIna racanA maharacita saM0 1970 kI, jinadatta dUri stuti tathA vAdi devasUri viracita 1200 kI muni caMdaguru stuti hai| ye racanAeM apabhraMza bahulara hai ziva racanAoM meM se kucha ke mAkA tathA mAva janya parva kAvyAtmaka udAharaNa alam hogeM jinadatta sUri stuti aura muniguru candrasUri stuti paramparA meM nepinAtha stuti aura virahamAna stuti kA paricaya diyA jAtA hai: neminAtha stuti haracanA 15vIM batAbdI kI hai| prakAzita hai tathA abhaya jaina granthAlaya mai surakSita hai| racanAkAra hai jayahAgara, jinakI kaI kRtiyoM paravaDale. prakAza DAlA jA cukA hai| mAdA kI dRSTi se udAharaNa nimnAMkita hai| kavi ne bahuta hI saMvita rUpa meM neminAtha kA stavana pATha kiyA hai: * vaNDa rakhi eka bADA te gAiyai Aja lagai pavADA jaes jI rAimaI mahelA ne nemi jovA mutha eDUvelA jAne jimmA ura mIThA jama jAnA sAniya bAjIThA bIjI kahUMbAta kisI vicArI, nizvaI vahI karma ikAmamhArI timI namAja, samadhi saMtoSa klA caDhAvaDa aterent of anii jAmI, bAnI jasanAthI mAnI vidhi vyAyaI hai nitarI bhASA mAra jAvaI pAhi bAga me kitAkA se basamAga pUrI tI pradhAna bhArata rAjasthAnI meM lihI gaI hai| tatsama zabdoM kA pradhAnya hai racanA sarasa aura prAsAdika hai|

Page #914
868 : virahamAna stuti : yaha racanA bhI jAgara viracita hI hai| yaha bhI bahuta saMkSipta hai| kavi ne vimAna kI bhAMti aneka jinendroM ko namaskAra kiyA hai| bhASA ukta stuti kI hI bhAMti hai udAharaNa dRSTavya hai: jayavaMta mahaMta bhavanta karA, kalikAla karAla kumoca harA sImaMdhara grAmI mukha jimA maharditu samahi viDi parahesara kAriya deva hare aTaThovaya vyaya soDa kare freenna pamANa sarIra pare paravIsaI vedara titthayare vijaya Adi jidi varaM miri nArihi nepi tu titthayara sAyA vaMda tAma muMDha jIrAuli pAsa pana muMDa parahare va jijae subahA nara nimbara nimmiya janma mahA viharata ra duraMta paryA, yuvapesara sattari vega sa isa prakAra yaha stuti saMskRta paddhati se likhI gaI hai| racanA meM apa kA prabhAva milatA hai| stuti gItimaya hai 1 vinaMtI vinaMtI saMjJaka aneka racanAeM bhI stuti kI hI mAMdi upaladha hotI hai racanAe~ bhI bhakti kA kai nivedana karatI hai| inakA vilya bhI stuti kI hai| racanAeM nizva prati pATha dharma pracAra aura lokapriyatA ke lie didI gaI hai: hI mahAvIra vIDI vAda kI ajJAta kavi kRta mahAvIra ke jIvana carita ke yogAna ke lie vaha racanA likhI gaI hai| pUrI vInatI tIna bhAvoM meM vibhakta hai| racanAkAra jayasAgara hai| prati abhayajaina prathAlaya meM surakSita hai

Page #915
* mAma sopAma saMbhAga sa kAranI, vikTa bhava koTi bhaya pIrUpa bArase namana ravi vija jima bisama bama nAma aba sirivIra jima sugama bhAsAsamoM athaka dui nApa ra pavara varaparo bharviya jaNa mora mama pama pamoyaMkaro. saMsArakA varNana dekhie * apAvari mAri kAgada phiratA sahiyA doSa basi imANe maI mahA bike kaI ApalI bAra hIpI baTTArma nI bhADi mina DIpI vana rAmi rAvaLa varSa maNi mAlaga ivatAta na mavi rittA bAra milI ma bhAvarti paDiu na ko vahari palI bImAra ma deva bosA, ma ke pApa posA, na mAsa socA, mate marma koDA deva he eka naI lagAra bhare mohaNI karma kareu vikAra zrI bIvarAma vinaMtI racanA prakAzcita hai| vItarAga mahApuruSoM ke AdarzoM kI isameM stuti kI gaI hai| racanAkAra jayamAgara hai| 15 gAdhAoM meM kavi ne pUrI vinatI samApta kI hai| bInatI, binati, vinati bImaMtrI bAroM prakAra kI racanAeM vAstava meM sI prakAra kI mArama deTika * mubhA vijayaNa yama bADA. saba ko miA nATA kno pAki mAlA bhAga pUmA babA kohi pari toTinU pAsimita maca kAna meM bhAga gI banna dinI gAja jima padimAgI tako lAtA mAnuSa bamabAra,yApAra bAra karima kArIbAra pApa bhAga babara ko bhAra kaulamA bapiyo manApAsahani AdhAra hU~ bhAva maitra mahApAra ra nivIna kumhAre bane mAnisa maktilInara mA biko na vinA vitazyA nahIM mArI bAta ra bAta bhivayA para deva bhakti molA na dAvi maha rAzi saMsAri rola

Page #916
870 zrI giranAra manDana neminAtha bInatI yaha racanA bhI nahI sarasa hai racanAkAra jysaagrhai| racanA aprakAzita hai| pUrI racanA 15 gAthAoM meM hai| bIca meM kavi ne ghAta lagAkara vibhAjana kara diyA hai| racanA AlaMkArika va hai: " kAma mada rAja mada, rUpa mada pUriyo, kavi paradosa para tAti pUriyo viSaya sukha viSaya viSa, vega unmattatra kahahi patra aniya sari patto kAravi kRpA vegI kari pAri kari sAmiyA jANika trivi mahamariyavara pAmiyA par3ata mava kUSi Arlaba maha dijjae ema rAI uttamAcAra paiijja vaNi mArka jahi nemi avayana sAyaciyamAya saMbaMdha muni dhanno jaladagala majji jala budhi sohAna nemi jina janma kalyAna guma sone * 104 saMsAra tAraNa, duriya vAraNa, sukla kAraNa saMgamo, girivAra maMDaNa iriya baiDaNa kavyatura vara jaMgamo monika nai puNiya jAdava, rAya naMbana, sujaI sAyara maMdinI so nemi jinavara dista me isa prakAra pUrI racanA me hai tathA kavi meM giranAra ma neminAtha ko saMsAra kI afa for a aura pApoM ke prati vamA yAcanA kI hai| isI bhAMti namaskAra aura ati saMjJaka racanAeM bhI stuti pradhAna hai| inara kAmoM meM viraha nAma jina namaskAra tathA rivi maMDaLa namaskAro aura prazasti sarakAra mAna sambandhI ramA prasiddha hai| sammAna kA bhaka udaharaNa liya: * vAda nimma payAsakaraM gamalA mahaja va mu upAyamUle saharamA te jivaloya dhamAna vide kA ri jina mahUda sUri kamANa

Page #917
871 je saMsAra asa muti se ittha pavara mattIya sUrIsa pAyamUle caraNa sevaMti nissaMka saphAya mUlaka pratigAna "svAdhyAya" se bane haiM ye racanAeM nita prati pATha kI jAtI hai| ukta saba racanAeM jaisalamera vRhad jJAna bhaMDAra kI va apayajaina granthAlaya kI hai| isa prakarest stotra stavana saMjJaka racanAoM kA sabase bar3A vaiviSTaya yaha hai ki ve vividha prakAra kI milatI hai| vaividhya AvikAlIna hindI jaina racanAoM kI pramukha vizeSatA hai| kAvya smoM meM vividhatA zilpa vaiziSTa, chanda vaividhya Adi sabhI hindI jaima racanAoM meM mila jAtA hai| ye saba racanAeM bhakti aura zraddhA se Aja bhI gIta nRtya ke sAtha mandiroM meM gAI jAtI hai| vividha bArbI se ina stotra svaravanoM va gItoM dvArA Ananda kI puSTi hotI hai| kAvya kI dRSTi se bahuta kama racanAeM aisI hai jinakA kAvyAtmaka mahatva ho, ye stavana sAmpradAyika dRSTi, dharma pracAra, upadeza tathA nIti rUpa meM bahudhA jana pASA meM likhe gae haiN| ataH kAvya kI dRSTi se inakA mahatva sAdhAraNa hai|

Page #918
PCITY 1 * AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya (4) gar3haba paramparA / oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo

Page #919
872 AdikAlIna hindIjaina sAhitya(4) gadya paraMparA 000 000 viSaya praveza gaDya aura baDya hindI sAhitya kI do prasiddha vidhA hai jinameM gaya kA ubhaya kaba huA? yaha eka bahuta hI mahatvapUrNa prazna hai| saMskRta aura prAkRta pAkAnoM ke parizIlana se yaha vizvAsa to hotA hai ki gadya hakanA bahuta prAcIna kAla meM hone lagI thI para isakA nizcita sUtra kyA hai yaha bahuta nizcayapUrvaka nahIM kahA jA skaa| prAyaH aisA sarva vidita hai ki padaya hI gaya ke pUrva banA thA parantu saMskRta aura prAkRta ke aneka pranaya gahaboM ke janmadAtA ko jAte hai, aura isIli padya kA udabhava gadaya se pUrva nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| hindI sAhitya ke prAcInatama gadya sAhitya ko prApta karane ke lie sabhI kI dRSTi AdikAla kI ora uTha jAtI hai| AdikAla meM upalabdha racanAoM meM hindI sAhitya kI aneka prAcInatama gadya racanAeM prApta huI hai| prAcInatama gA ke svarUpoM ko surakSita rakhane vAlI ranAoM ko janma dene kA samAvikA ko hI sImidhA, nAtha jaina Adi aneka svotra meM upalabdha hote hai| yaha bahuta hI mahatvapUrNa bAta hai ki hindI sAhitya kI prAcInatama yaDya aura padya kI aneka racanAoM ko kama dene kA aura surakSita rakhane kA zreya isana bArambha ko isa bAtparya bApI mahInya prakAra kI madada kRDiyA mila hI nahIM milii| para ve isa jaina bAiksa se masyA meM bahuta kama milanI hai mA saSTi jaina sAhitya kI ina kamiyoM kA adhyayana atyAbAbaka ho pAnAvAhitya vizAla sAhitya hai jo aneka bAbAoM liyA gayA hai|mnii sApakoM meM apane vicAroM, apanI manovRttiyoM gaura koSArakanTikoSa kA pracAra kasa karane ke lie utkRSTa sAhityika pArana bhASArama kI goliyoM meM likhA hai mAnava mAtra ko apane

Page #920
871 vicAra abhivyakta karane kA prAkRtika adhikAra hotA hai| aba AdikAlIna ina upalabdha na gaiba kRtiyoM kRtiyoM meM ina jaina sAdhakoM aura kaviyoM kI bIvratama anubhUtiyoM aura abhivyakti kA pUrNatayA jJAna prApta hotA hai| jaina gaima paramparA AdikAlIna hindI sAhitya kI jaina gaiva paramparA paryApta prAcIna hai| gadya kI prAcInatA kA paricaya dene vAlI vIM zatAbdI kI eka jaina racanA jinaprabhasUti kI prApta huI hai| jisameM unhoMne dezI bhASAoM meM cAra nAyikAnoM kA saMvAda diyA hai| inameM se tIna nAyikA hindI pradeza kI hai usake sevAyoM ke uddharaNa mIce die gA rahe hai pahale gujarI nAyikA kA saMvAda dekhie:1- prathamA bAnavA jarI nAyikA paNa: ahe bAI eha tumhArA desa kavaNa lekhA mAhi gaNiyaha kisa deza mujarA mApali mAharI maar| euju lAghau mANusa o jamAra jo Adi mAtri kAi hArau, e ji samyakatva mUla vAraha brata pAliyahi kisA kisA bAraha brata |---- 1 dazA bAraha vrata paaliyaahiN| AcAlanA ttaaliyaa| pUjiyazrI AdinAtha devtaa| pApanAsaDi baDhuMjava sevtaa| anI ki paNa maNiyaha bhArI mAha eva purAvAr3I kAra anAi amerai deza kisI pari mana gaah| lipi daiSi mAlA paoNgara sivilakSaNA bokAra, kalA pIkAra / tvamA samAcAra bAlabAlabhara 5 mAjI 6 parAyI , paTAsI pANI bhUmaliyA 10 karaDi " malarI mama va paayaa| jarI mI gAya kA pAriyA bAyA bAI kisI gyAne muMha se no abda gujarAcI ke mAna ke mAna rAjasthAnI kahA jA sakatA hai athavA paratI

Page #921
874 isI prakAra mAlavI kA savAyA dekhie:1. jaba mAlavA deza kI pAvalI bolaNa lAmI, taba avA deva kI pari maagii| vikA re morI bhinii| pi kRSi maurA dekha kAhA vsaavti| morA deza kI bAta ma bAhiNiNi dezi maMDavagar3ha merA gara, jyvidivraaj| masUra kA thaan| avara deza kA kA bhAnu kATA sUcaka ittgaa| korA sADA aru mnnaa| hAlI aru baanii| peTilI a naacnnii| vikre morI bhinnii| bali bali kA billAhA torA bolyA svaaiyaa| mAlavA deza kI parinIkI siri kI dIkI seta cIra kA sAhAjiyA AdinAtha yugraaj| dihe bAiNi paripUjiyai ukta uddharaNa mAlavI kA hai jo prAcIva-rAjasthAnI kI eka bolI hai| vaha pI rAjamAnI se paryApta mAzya rakhatI hai| purAnI hindI kI aura isa bolI ke rUpa meM bar3hate dikhAI dete haiN| kheda hai mAlamI meM likhe hue AdikAlIna jaina kA sAhitya kI koI racanA upalabdha nahIM huInIto bahuta sambhava thA ki AdikAlIna gadya aura paga ke usava meM mAlavI se bhI paryApta sahAyatA nika / ana pUrvI vAda deviSa: pUrvI mAvikA kA mAlyA supI re bhaayaa| kRmi nAmika dhIre bihure borI bahinI pani puni mora dekha kina barati mAha gore desa kobAra ma bhAnagI dekha se mAnusa - ikka dhIre dhIre vivekiy| parama bApa ke moDana bATa mAla kA bAna ke parAma, kyA se bAmA yA humA yAmamA mA baDA tumba ke mAnusa bari goTe, bhAri moTevipi kott| ma ke bhAnumari mAnche pari nAno vivi mahA / baisa dIsA jaisa pUnama kA caur3a

Page #922
875 hathakodava ke cAvara bAiyahigIta gAiyai suThi nIke vAnie vsti| kaise bAnie aapnyccaa|' pUrvI pApA ke isa gayaudaraNa se hindI kA bahuta sAbhya spaSTa hotA hai| zrI nAhaTA kI likhate hai ki-" hindI bhASA kA vikAsa pUrvI bhAka se huA jAna par3atA hai| parantu khar3I bolI ke bahuta nikaTayaha uddharaNa hone para bhI isa samabha kA nAhitya isa pApA kA hameM upalabdha nahIM hotA va braja bhASA meM bhI gadya racanAoM ke uddharaNa bahuta bAda ke milate haiM ataH ravanAoM kI anupalabdhi aura zodha ke abhAja meM pUrvI bhASA kA uddharaNa atyanta mahatvapUrNa hone para bhI isa paraMparA ko vikasita karane meM adhika yoga nahIM detA / sambhavataH isa dizA meM zedha hone para AdikAlIna gaiya kI prAcInatama pratiyAM gadya aura padaya ke rUpa meM upalavRdha ho ske| zrI agaracanda nAhaTA hindI ke pUrva prAntIya sabase prAcIna gadya kA udAharaNa mI jaina lekhaka dvArA likhA hI mAnate haiN| ve likhate hai ki hindI ke pUrva prAntIya rupa kA udAharaNa jainAcArya jinapramasUri ke likhita cAra nAyikA ke saMvAda milatA hai vahI aba taka sabase prAcIna hindI gadma kA udAharaNa smbhir|" paranta nAhaTA zrI kI isa aktikA pIhAra 10vI zatAbdI ke eka prajenatara zilAlakhasa hojAtA? (kavi-prastuta graMthakA adhyAya-5) jina pramAri kI upayakta rabamA ke atirikta hindI ke AdikAlakI ranAmoM kA vibhAjana do kAloM ke antargata kiyA jA sakatA hai: - prArambhika kAla (000 - 140) (a) prArambhika racanA (ba) paravI racanAeM - .- rAjasthAnI - nAgarI prAriNI patrikA : 4 a 10 20 -- gujarAtI gahana saMza: muni vinAvijaya jii| 4- rAjasthAnI aMka (rAjasthAnI risarca sosAiTI kalakalA)

Page #923
876 1 (2) vikAsa kAla (saM0 1400 1- prauDha gaya 2- gadaya kAvya prArambhika kAla meM prArambhika khAnAoM ke antargata mAnevAlI kRtiyAM hai: 1- ArAdhanA saM0 1300 2- bAlazikSA saM0 1336 30 avivAra saM0 1340 - 4- navakAra vyAkhyAna saM0 1358 5. sarvatIrtha namaskAra stavana saMka 1358 6- avicAra se 136-2 tathA paravartI racanAoM kI sImA meM Ane vAlI kRtiyAM hai: 7- dhanapAla kyA (saM0 1100 se 1200 ke lagabhaga ) 8- tatvavicAra prakaraNa-saM0 1400 ke lagabhaga adyAvadhi jaina gadya paramparA kI jitanI bhI prArambhika gadya racanAeM milatI hai una sabakI pratilipiyAM bhI dIM batAdI kI hI milatI hai| ataH inakA janma kAla yadi vi0 1100 se hI mAnA jAya to kucha asaMgata nahIM kahA jA sktaa| zrI amarabandha nATA kA bhI yahI hai prakAra kiyA vA sakatA hai: (4) pAkakRtiyAM kAla 1500) upalavdha prArambhika kAla kI racanAoM kA vivayAnusAra vargIkaraNa isa * upAmA pari kya dhArmika 1- dekhie devanAgarI varSa aMka 350 58 //

Page #924
877 (ba) sAhityika (a) bandhAtmaka (a) dhArmika kRtiyAM "upAsanA paddhati janma upalabdha kRtiyoM meM sabase prAcIna kRti anAja lekhaka kRti bArAdhanA hai| isa kRti kA dRSTikoNa dhArmika hai aura dharma ke pramukha slaima upAsanA se yaha sambandhiA haiArAdhanA nAma se hI kRti kA anumAnataH upAsanA mUlaka honA spaSTa hotA hai|yh kRti pATaNa ke tADapatrIya prati se milI thI isakA prakAzana sarva prathama san 1920 meM bar3odA seprakAzita prAcIna gurjara kAvya saMgraha ke sampAdaka zrI sI.DI. dalAla ne isa andha meM kyiaathaa|' sthA isake mATha 9 varSa bAda zrI puni jina viSaya jI ne apane anya prAcIna gujarAtI gajhya saMdarbha meM 20 1925 meM kiyaa| inadonoM anyoM ke dvArA madhya sAhitya ke prArambhika kAla kI prathA , ramA vidvAnoM ke sAmane pichale kaI varSoM se A cukI hai| zilpa mAnA kI varSana pAta prathA bhakta ke vaya ke vikAroM ke binA va pazcAtApa kI abhivyakti kA spaSTIkaraNa karatI hai jisase pAnA samaya mana meM kisI bhI prakAra kA mana ro| bhASika svayaM apanI v mArAdhya ke samaya svIkAra karatA hai tathA apane pUrNa samasta pApoM aura miSNAmoM para vaha isa upAlA padhati meM Atma kAni anubhava karatA hai| gharepeSTi kA smaraNa, sarva jIvoM se dhanAgApanA parva bhArika nimA aura dharma ina cAra mahAnoM meM parama meM ganA kI mArAdhanA kA by| 10 deTie- prAcIna pUrvara gADI prAcIna marAThI cApAbaka muni jina vijaya jI018-19 -devanAvara

Page #925
viSaya:- upAsanA, AtmaglAni, pApa svIkRti, mAnasa vijJapi duSkRtyoM kA parityAga mahApurUSoM ke uccatama guNoM kA smaraNa tathA apanI butA para vicAra aura ArAdhya kI Atma samarpaNa kI ika ArAdhanA ke pramukha vasUrya viSaya hai| saMbhavataH yaha bhI kahA jA sakatA hai ki vivaya 878 vastu ke AdhAra para ye gadyAtmaka saMjJA kAlAntara meM mahaya varNana kI paddhatiyAM ho gaI hogii| viSaya parva zilpa kI dRSTi se ArAdhanA aura aticAra saMzaka racanAoM meM pA sAmya disAI par3atA hai| mArAdhanA ke ku udAharaNa dekhie: jJAnAcAri pustaka pustikA saMpuTa saMpuTikA TImamA kaka kamalI utarI ThavaNI pAThA dorI prabhRti jAnopakaraNa avakA akAli paThana ativAra viparIta kathana utsUtra purupaNa apradhAna prakRtiku Alobahu / samyaktva pratipattikara, harihaMtu devatA sAdhu guru jina praNIta gha samyaktva daNDaku ucarahu sAgAra pratyAsAnu avaraha, caUhu sarani vayasarachu / paramezvara arahaMta saraNi sakla karma nirmukti siddha saraNi saMsAra parivAra enary mAna pAtra mahAsatva sAdhu saraNi sakla karma niryukta siddhasara vi Bure parivAra samucaraNa yAna pAtra mahAsatya mA tarapi sa pApa paTala kvala naklaka kaliddha kevala prathIddha dharma barani viSa saMvi vRkSa bAbApAcyA sarvasA pratiNI zrAvaka prAvikA ihaja kAi kAi AlA kI vivAha miyAni TukkaDaM / 2. I. paMca parameSTi namaskAra ravi hi vizeSa smarekA, jamara paramezvara hokara devi isa varSa vikaTa cha naI saMsAra pratima kariyA, anai ruci namaskAra ihaloka paraloka saMpAdivai / ArAdhanA samApreti / / * 1- prAcIna Ira kAvya saMgraha 2- prAcIna gujara kAvya saMgraha 086 0 87 /

Page #926
879 bhASA zailI : ukta cAroM uddharaNoM se vIM batAbdI kI isa sarva prathama kRti ArAdhanA kI bhASA zailI kI vizeSatAeM jAnI jA sakatI hai| kRti kI bhASA meM saMskRta zabdoM kI bahuta pracuratA hai para bar3hate hue ayamaMtra ke zabdoM kI pI kamI nahIM hai| gadyAMzoM ko dekhane para lagatA hai kivAka, atyanta lambe aura virAmaha dUra dUra para hai ataH varNana kI yaha railI pUrNatA samAsapradhAna kahI jAyagI / aneka zabdoM ko eka sAtha milAkara kahA gayA hai| jahAM taka kRti meM usake viSaya ke vivecana sambandha era dUsare aura tIsare udAharaNa isa para paryApta prabhAva DAlate hai| mamapi inaudataharaNoM kI bhASA se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki lekhaka ke pAsa varNana kA saundarya tathA zabdoM kI komalatA nahIM hai padAvalI kA cayana bhI huka sA hai / parantu kavi kI kAvyAtmakatA se usameM eka abhUtapUrva pravAha avazya parilakSita hotA hai| ataH vanajanya sauryameti va boli bo sI jAna par3atI hai| para zailI kI anuprAsAtmakatA padoM kA pravAha aura badoM kI nAdAtmakatA loma vilomatA tathA abhUtapUrva santulana dekhie: * iSTa adRSTa, jJAta ajJAta zruta azruta, svajana parijana mitra pratyati parokSa ke jIva caturAsI laba gIni apanA caturmati kI sada prametA bhaI triyA vaiciyA sIrIviyA haMsiyA niMdiyA kilA niyA dAniyasa pATiyA kiyA vinAri bhavati bhavasi bhavati manakoTiniyana kA tI sarva picchAmi TukkaI / " sArthaka aura viparItArthaka zabdoM kI yojanA kitanI asAdhAraNa hai zabdoM meM saMskRtamayatA hote hue bhI apaca kI prabhAva sarvatra heaura sAtha meM prAcIna rAjasthAnI bhASA kA bhI / inhIM saba kAraNoM se kRti meM eka sarasatA aura saralatA A gaI hai| vIM zatAbUta kI gaya kI ina pravRttiyoM ke AdhAra para yaha kahA jAsakatA hai ki manuvadhi isa juga meM gama kI pravRtti huI parantu ye racanA adhika mahI pratIta hotii| inameM svataMtra rUpa meM kayA Adi nahIM hai| mArAdhanA ativAra refer bAdi kRtiyoM ke AdhAra para yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki ye racanAeM

Page #927
TIkAeM aura TippaNiyA mAtra hai| parantu ina se bhASA kA pratkAlIna svaya surakSita avazya hai| vIM zatAbdI kI kAvyakRtiyoM kI bhAti ina gaDya kRtiyoM ke bhI hama satkAlIna mAsa ke svama kI jAnakArI adhika kara sakate hai| kAraNa yaha hai ki yadi padaya meM do mAmA ke prAcIna svakhyoM kI rakhA jAna makara bhI kI jA sakatI hai parantu gama ke dvArA salkAlIna patroM Adi ke dvArA kyA ni pracalita vicAroM ke dvArA ina sAdhAraNa gadya racanAnoM gaDva ke svarUpa adhika surakSita mileNge| apara jo udAharaNa ArAdhanA meM se die gae haiM, unase spaSTa hai ki lekhaka ne samAsAnta padoM kA prayoga kiyA hai tathA sAtha hI anuprAmAtmika yA prAsAnuprAsa jailI kA bhI prayoga hai| ata: inase yahanumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai ki lekhaka ne prauDha gaya likhane kA prayatna kiyA hai| inameM saMskRta ke tatsama zabdoM kA Adhikya hai| tatkAlIna jana pAkA ke kucha udAharaNoM kA udabhava saMskRta ke AdhAra para dekhA jA sakatA hai yA saMkA -kiyA- miyaa-milaa| mai, tamme hima0 iSkRta, dukkaI / saM0 yena jinni| ye vya purAnI prAkRta yA apakSa ke haiN| isake pazcAt prathamA aura dipatIyA meM prayukta u pratyaya tathA DiyA padoM meMkRdanta rUpoM ke cha tapAi pratyaya prayukta kie gae hai| aneka ko madoM meM prayoga bhI milA hai yathA- ami, pATha, bAra, Iha, vaDa, niDa, panara, mahAra, mami karAvadhi, inDi, mAI, mAdi nI kA pA sakatA hai ki pApA ke kAti kAlIna sa jinakA yaha vikasita prAcIna rAjasthAnI svasya hai| ukta udhANa patabarSa dekhA jA sayA hai| saravanA ke yaha zAna hotA hai ki usa samaya prauDha mata likhane kA bhavI pracalana rahA hogaa| baDyapi ArAdhanA TippaNI kI mAthi eka koTI bhI banA hai parantu phira pI gaya ko apane bAle bIjoM ko rakhane kA zreya isI ko rhemaa| upAsanA pradhAna rakhanA hone para bhI dhArmika pracAra ke udezya se likhI huI hone para bhI bAvaraNa kI pavitrA meM pUrNa niLA siddha karane vAlI kRti hai| RSi kA lekhaka mArAdhanA kI prati gujarAta pradeza meM hI milI jo vAstava meM prAcIna rAjasthAnI kA hI pradeza paa| hindI sAhitya meM

Page #928
881 gadya kA utsava karane vAlI yaha na kati kI jA sakatI hai| kRti ke varSaya viSaya, tADa patrIya paurANikatA, AvAragata pavitratA tathA upAsanA kI vidhiyoM aura varNana zailI ke AdhAra para yaha anumAnataH nirNaya kiyA jA sakatA hai ki inakA karatI avazya hI koI tapasvI sAdhaka vimAna kavi aura janasevI lokopakAraka jaina sAdhu rahA hogaa| jo bhI ho, kRti sAdhAraNa hote hue bhI sAvatA mahatvapUrNa hai| 2. dhArmika siddhAnta mUlaka: adha saiddhAntika kahI jAne vAlI isI kAla kI kRtiyoM meM nimnAMkita tIna kRtiyoM ko liyA jA sakatA hai| .- aticAra' - 0.34. 2- ativAre . saM0 19 - tatva vicAra prarama jahA taka ina kRtiyoM ke nAmakaraNa kA prazna hai aticAra se isakA viSaya spaSTa hotA hai| sambhavataH atinAra zabda se doSoM kA parihAra parilakSita hotA hai| maha pI AcaraNa sambandhI varNana prastuta karane vAlI hI kRtiyAM hai| vonoM kRtiyA sadazAntika hai aura inake pUrva viSaya bhI naitika manoyoM se sambanibhA hone kAraNa cArmika hai| prathama aticAra arasA meM likhe jAne vAle hAipatra meM se liyA gayA hai| tathA dUsarA ativAra 19 meM zikSita vAhana kI racanA ho bI taka ativAra saMjJaka racanAoM ke bastu zilpa kA prazna hai yaha kA yA savA hai ki meM banAI dharma ke siddhAntoM kA vidhivat pAlana karane ke niyanoM kA prativAkA karatI |maacaar saMkalana yA kisI niyama kA mAlinI abhicAra kalAvile niyama jati kA sthAna pramukha hotA hai 1. prAcIna ra mAnya graha-zrI balAta-pU. 88 mAgarma - muni jikiya pU. 219 //

Page #929
882 ArAdhanA aura aticAra ye donoM gaya racanAeM paryApta samanArthaka hai ativasara saM0 1340 meM likhI tAr3apatrIya racanA hai| samAnArthaka hI nahIM, inake varya viSaya aura zailI zilpa meM mI paryApta sAmya hai| antara sirpha itanA hI hai ArAdhanA meM upAsanA kI vidhiyoM para pradhAna rUpa meM vicAra kiyA gayA hotA hai aura aticAra meM ArAdhya va ArAdhanA ke saiddhAntika tatvoM kaa| donoM dhArmika kRtiyoM hai tathA aisI kRtiyoM kA mantavya spaSTatayA dharma pracAra kI kahA jaaygaa| isa vika prakAra ArAdhanA meM sAdhanA aura ArAdhanA kI vividha kriyAoM va upakaraNoM Adi kI vidhiyAM spaSTa kI gaI hotI hai tathA dharma kI yaha eka aisI sthiti vizeSa hotI hai jisameM javAroM kI zreSThatA spaSTa kI jAtI hai aura ares ko aticAroM se eka dama dUra rahane kA eka mahatvapUrNa sukAva hotA hai| pApoM ke 18 sthAnoM, evaM hama rahasyoM kA prakaTIkaraNa, duSkAryo para pahacAtApa tyA kAryoM Adi kA vivecana Adi ArAdhanA meM hotA hai| ativAroM meM jJAna darzana tapa cAritrya aura vIrtha- ina pAva AcAroM aura bAraha vrata ke donoM kI AlocanA kI jAtI hai|shrii mAsTara jI likhate hai ki Aja mI pAkSika agro drarika prakrimaNa ke samaya yaha aticAra loka pApA ne bolA jAtA hai jaba ki pratikramaNa ke sUtra adhika hai|" 1 jahAM taka aticAra ka donoM kRtiyoM meM varmita gadUma kI bhAvA kA prazna hai vaha ArAdhanA ke samAna hI hai avivAra kA eka udAharaNa dekhie: kAlavelA paDha vinaya hIna bahumAnahI upadhAna hI gurumiva - hAmI caraNa pATI pothI kamalI sApa pAlA kAga paDhAine mancha aMtarA anerA pahaI paDha. - sADI bhADA 1- mArAdhanA prA0 0 kA0 2086 - nagara varSa 57

Page #930
883 hara kI huI tathA jJAna prakyu bhakSita upekSita prajAparidhi vipAsma viNAsitAM velba tI sakti sAra saMmAna kI dhiyai, anerai jJAnA bArita, koI ani mulmabATa pani bacani kAi, padivasa mAti teha mAhi mizani dukkaI / ' ukta uddharaNa meM apaja kA ukArAtmaka pravRtti spaSTa hai| udharaNa meM satsama zabda adhika hai paDhane (par3hA) va (dekhA thA karatA, par3hatA, zubhatA Adi vartamAna vRdanta Aja bhI rAjasthAnI prayukta hai| zahadoM ke naye rupa bhI ullekhanIya udAharaNArtha -sAtamai, lAgaTha, pAni, AgalA, Ajila, kIthI, keraNA, sApuTa, mohI pIcara praavi| mAtri mada sAnunAsika hai, jo Aja bhI prai tRtIyA ke ekvacana meM sAnunAsika hai| ikAra pravRtti prAcIna hai e ke sa meM prayukta anya naye hai| isI prakAra 1368 meM viracita aticAra kA uddharaNa ullekhanIya hai| vyaMjanakUTa, apara kUTa kAnA mAtra Aga, moTha deva baMbA, paDiskamAi sanmAna karatA paDhatA guNatA huo, i, arthakUTa bAya kUTa jJAnopakara mi pATI podhI gvAbhi sApaDA sApaDhI pati AvAsanA pAlAgara par3anA zuSatA prabezu ma barAI kI mAmA ke michAmi jaya isameM vo kAra risa ke kAladoM jaise * svAdhyAmAge aura bhUlokavAna rAjasthAnI + mAldiI svarUpaho maga / prAcIna rAjasthAnI ke aneka zabda pADogi koSaha, mAgi, mAlIpI, forbA, rAjimIko ubala, mana moklAvita iTama kI lAvANika pragtee aguvana kAla meM jAte jAne savama pisa mAramA prabIca hogaa| "prAcIna rAya -

Page #931
884 donoM kRtiyoM meM apAMva ke pAibhava va prAcIna rAjasthAnI ga purAnI hindI ke zabdoM kA bAhulya dekhA jAsakatA hai| donoM kRtiyoM ke do udAharaNa yahI pala pAca ho:. rasatyAga, kAya ki tejanA kIdhI nahi yA pratyAkhyAna ekAsamA vipariNaDDa sADhayo risiporisi bhaigu avicAra mInimAvali upavAsa kI para virAbaI sacitta pAnI pI ebaha pa divasamAhita ukta udAharaNa meM adhikAra aba prAcIna rAjasthAnI hai bArA rasAraNa bata. puSAvAda vyA viramaya ke ativAra se sambandhita hai| mukAvAdi- sahasAbAri bhAlu abhyAkhyAna dIDaM, raDasamana bheda kIyA, popadeza dIghara, kUDa loDa lekhi, disApi dhApapi bhosala kupaDa haTa rADi meDi kA miTA koI avicala vAvivRti bhabasagAimAhidura vividha vividha micchAmi ikAI iba hiyA pAhi samyamatya dharala, arivaMta devatA mA guru jina praNIta dharma, samyakatva daMDaka avarava, hiva aThAra pApa sthAnaka bo mirAka, bArAnA kI bhASA me tulanA karane para ina dogoM vivAroM ko kI bhASA meM bAbahI tara spaSTa hone jyavA ukta donoM asviAra jaka ranAmoM meM mAra pradhAna lI kama hotI gaI hai| mAya choTe, sarasa aura pravAha miSA adhikAra prAcIna rAjasthAnI mAgo prayAsa se hI paraka padava kA vA mAyA barva viSaya dhArSika hone se bhale hI gor3I kaThinAI upasthita ho sakatI hai parantu vA samaya kI barasA aura mI jI kA prasna vA parilakSita ho bAbA hiya kI baralavA aura bhUpati bAyakolA yA prAcIna rAjasthAnI madoM ke bAhatva kISTi hai donoM rasApa mAvi samaya bI jaina sAhitya kI bAta kI mahatvapUrNa racanA mAnI shaadii| *AImarAja Ta kI... ALL. - - baDI pR0||

Page #932
885 tatvavicAra prakaraNa prArambhika kAla kI paravartI racanAoM ke antargata Ane vAlI dhArmika siddhAntoM kI poSaka gadya sAhitya kI eka bahuta hI ra kRti-tva vicAra prakaraNa hai| isa kRti kA racanA kAla saM0 1700 ke lagabhaga hai| isaprati ko prakAra meM lAne kA zreya zrI agarabanda nAhaTA ko hai| lekhaka ko vakRti bhI unhIM ke saujanya se prApta huii| zrI nATA ko yaha svanA bIkAnera ke bar3e jJAna bhaMDAra kI sUcI banAte hue abhayasiMha maMDAra meM jinaprama mUri paramparA kI 20 pauM vAlI eka prati meM likhI huI milii| satva-vicAra inagana kRtiyoM meM eka atyanta mahatvapUrNa racanA hai|iskaa samaya 04ii zatAbdI nizcita rUpa se honA cAhie kyoMki yaha racanA jisameM milI hai kA prazi 15vIM satAbdI meM likhI hai aura isa praDa meM adhi : jinAmasUri jI taka kI hI racanAeM upalabdha hotI hai jinakA skA kAla 14vIM sanAnadI hai| batva vicAra prakaraNa saMgraha kI prati ke 115 se 118 patrAko meM lisI huI hai|is graha meM pI vI vAdI kI aneka padayabadha racanAeM rAma, catuyAyikA, dikpAdikA, pAsa, dohaka Adi mahatvapUrNa rabamAra milii| tya vivAra meM dharma ke mahatvapUrNa bhoMga prAna milatA bhAvakoM ke lie niyama, sAdhakoM ke lie aba prathA khA lAmA puna carita yA loka bhAdikA varNana kI mATA bI ne likhA hai ki aba maiM zrAvaka ke. jIva AdinI padArtha, deva kA puruSa aura tokya nApi kA varNana hai|" gaDya -viko ke bAda isa kSa ke bhASA viSayaka anudAna mAtya para vicAra karanA atyAvazyaka hai| nIce isa zani ke gavAra uzana meas - ---- .. rAvadhAna bhAratI pAma ! - Tera

Page #933
886 kie jA rahe hai unake AdhAra para isakI madaya ke kSetra meM saralatA, spaSTatA, aura hindI gadya sAhitya meM yoga spaSTa hogA: eu saMsAra asAla, ravaNa-maMgala, apAya ugaIchAkora apAru sNsaa| agAi jIva -- pu manuSya gti| ca deva gti| Ibha paripari-mamatA jIva jAti kulAvi puNa saMpUrNa ilA bhATa janam / sarvahI bhava madhi mahA pradhAnu-- praznavAcaka zailI meM kRti ke upadezoM kI sarasatAdekhiekhoi kisau mAvimA durgavi par3atA prApiyA ghara sudharSa mANivaha sora kavi vidhu hoya-dRSidha prakSA pati / bIna zrAvaka dhrm| yati kiyA bhapi gati pratimA cAripriyA mahAra sahastra sIsAga dhaark| paMca mahAbata pAlakA pAka kisa gati avatIti kA pratiyApAsi varSa saapti| bAnu anivastu pravAira kAvaka pani ahi| zrAvakoM kI paribhASA bakAyoM ke spaSTIkaraNa ke bAva lekhaka ne dharma ke padoM, pAca pro aura jIva se ho Adi kA vizleSaNa kyiA hai:- bAika ke do bAra mede| pAMca bajAvimni gupanatA bAri khiaan| jIva siA ho pitu yesamA saMzA gAI vi vIva paapiyaa| puca aneka vidhii| ito biju adhikAra- kopriya iDiya, viI nina, ridriya para nidrAmA-- bAbara ti molA nimAdhika baar| pani bani gahAnA na hama bhAra sAparA mok|w bIba 11-- udhara - na kara --- eka vidha eka vidhi sunanA sI para puri pati pujavA svadAra maMDora paravAra para kAra mora pAritoSa mAhAra aura bhA aura DihaMta devatA ke viSaya meM gaDya ke zAhIra sAgarama dekhane ko milate hai:

Page #934
887 4- moga parimoma bratu divavidha bhojanAta karmata bhojanAtAI ividha mogA eka bAra bhogakyi / AhA. boharU, vileparnu paribhoga va prabhu mogaaviyh| pavana bittayAmaraNa vayAkkhi --- sahi paribhoga nimeSa 5. 7 vAraha vidha zrAvaka dharma hoi| dharma myAca ki bariIdevI gumI zAhako viNAya mahApakA * arihaMta devatA kisa horara kamIja atizaya saMthAstu aSTa mahApratihArya kRta zobhu aSTAdaza doSa rahitAnIgAnidozAsarvajJa aura aMta meM kRSi kA uddezya ta usI muruma saMvadA nimnA kita gaiyAMza dvArA samApta hotI hai:. bAraha pai tA kiijy| jasarI bhedai jamu pAlivai / Apravacana mAvA upayoga diijh| rjovr| mahatI goDApaDigADa para I7 / / evaM tatta vivAra raiyaM muya sAgarAi pariya dhobaksaraM mahatthaM pamvANa mazagaTkA / / tatva vicAra prakaraNa samAratamiti / / 7 / / ukta sabhI uddharaNoM meM yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki ati dharma pracAra, caritra saMvama aura upAcAra ke paripAlanA sikhI gaI sAtha hI bAna, bAbA grA, marihaMta Adi mUDha bAtoM kI sarala ra vyaka parimApAra bhI meka ne dii| avaH spaSTa hai ki lekhaka ne baha racanA jana sAdhAraNa ke sipa lidI hai| sAtha hI jaina dharma va darzana kI kaThina mAnoM ko bhI kavi ne jana sApAra ke liya banAne kA uttama pravAsa praznotara jaisI ko apanA kara yiA hai| prastuta ramA mAna vika pArmika hone se hI isameM vibhinna tatvoM kAle meM vimA sakI paddhati pahale praznasameM eka sUna rakha kara rakI mAyA karane kI hai| bApa vicAra prakaraNa meM hameM koI bhI kyA thA khalAbaddha varNana upalabdha nahIM hone aura upalabdha gadA meM eka utkRSTa gajhyAtmaka sAhitya kA abhAva hai

Page #935
parantu varNairya viSaya atyanta adhika kaThina hone para bhI lekhaka ne bolavAla kI bhASA maiM use samajhAkara jana sAdhAraNa ke lie sulabha banAyA hai| bhASA: ar taka tatva vicAra kI mAyA nirNaya kA prazna hai yaha bahuta hI saralatA se kahA jA sakatA hai ki vaha sarala gaya hai| upalabdha gadya racanAoM meM eka kramika vikAsa ina kRtiyoM se spaSTa kiyAjAtA hai aura yadi ArAdhanA se nivAra prakaraNa kI bhASA kA tulanAtmaka dRSTi se adhyayana prastuta kiyA jAya to usameM nahI rukatA thA isameM saralatA kI ora Ane kA prayAsa paricita hogaa| isa racanA ke pATha ko thor3e se prayAsa ke bAda hindI ke sarala gadya kI bhAMti par3hA jA sakatA hai| doM meM samAna saMtulana, dayumoM kA sundara nirvAcana bhASA meM prAcIna moM aura kriyAoM ke sAtha naI utkrAMti, samaya bUdoM ke sAtha prAcIna rAjasthAnI yA gujarAtI zabdoM kA bAhulya va prabhAva Adi sabhI guNa isa racanA meM hai| ukta uddharaNoM meM ina bAtoM saralatA se dekhA jA sakatA hai| (ba) sAhitya madaya dhanapATha kyA' (11:9caNI da serers agma kI paramparA ko puSTa karane vAlI kRtiyoM meM bIkAnera ke paThAra se upayUSa huI eka choTI sI kRti vanapAla kyApi vaiskRta prAkRta tathA donoM ke adhikArI vimAna the| inake ke maulika grantha yA TIkArya prakAzita ho cukI hai| prastuta kRti ko prakAza meM jAne kA deza kI varada nASTA ko hai lAsTA jI ne ise rAjasthAna bhAratI meM prakAza kiyaa| racanA kI kA kyU atyanta sarasa aura maulika hai| isa kathA meM varNi choTI hI banAne mahAkavi dhanapAla ke jIvana meM basAdhAraNa parivartana upasthita diyA ki prakAra unakI tilakamaMjarI kathA ko adana kI geMda bar3hA diyA dhanapAla ke svAbhimAnI vyaktitva para rAjA kI asAmayika aprasannatA ne

Page #936
sAre andha ko agina parama kara diyaa| pradha agni uraNa ho jAne ke bAda kisa prakAra vaha punaH likhA gayA, isI sarasa kahAnI ko pracAlita jana bhAga meM kaSi meM prastuta kiyA hai| anya vAlI isa ghaTanA ke bAda kavi dhanapAla rAgabhoja meM uThakara satyapura (sAnora) cale gae aura vahIM unhoMne mahamUda gajanavI ke mahAvIra kI mUrti para AkramaNa karane para kadhi ne parama utsAha se -satyadharIya mahAvIra utsAha (. likhaa| kahate hai ki moca kA varavAra napAla ke binA daridra ho gyaa| punaH dhanapAla ko zAstrArtha ke lie bulAyA gyaa| bahuta saMbhava hai ki napA ne punaH vahIM se lauTakara hI apane grantha naSTa karane ke manastApa ko gAya ke rUpa meM AgI dI ho| raknA kA samaya anumAnataH devI 12vIM bavAbdI kA saMkiAla rahA hogaa|viiN evIM zatAbdI kI yaha racanA tatkAlIna gadana kI sampannatA kA andara udAharaNa prastuta karane meM sakSama hai gadada kI sampannatA ke gvadharana elarka dekhe jA sakale hai| (.) ujjayanI nAmi nagarI tariThe mojdeva raannaa| tIhi tapai paMcA samA paMDitaha mAhi mukhya dhanapAla nAmi pNddit| tI bapa dhari anyadA kadAcitra mA virahima niSintu pApaMDisahamI bhAga zrIjA divasahanI badhi le lIlII kAI tiSi prAvidhiyA virAla pArI mera nUna praziyA piyAmA vivAmI zitimi brAhamanI pilaM, jogA divAnI yaSi / animA kA mIrA paMDita dhanavAti mAvi raviSTi isa bIga viwis far kArA mavAvi upaviSTi kii| vivAdita kiribAlA nIvariyA nivAsI badhi biyai ch| amamA mahAni nIpi gAvi mahAmuni prtiyaa| mA bipina bikAmAniti mANika vIga divAlI me-mm - rAvasthAna bhAratI-bhAya : aka 1 janavarI,151.3.1- para zrI saravandanAbaTAkA dhanapAla kathA-kIrSaka lekhaa|

Page #937
daidhi na upagarI paMDitapaNA, yi badhi mA puSa pUrA gii| kA mahAni mA hiSi yh| (a) bahivAra dhanapAla paMDita pratibodha huaa| parama pAvaka hu vidhi zrAvaka vidhi kIdhI banAi amita kI, tIrtha guru deva kis| anerA iNi bIbha karita stabaha nahIM manyadA paramezvara sapanAyA caritu kiiyaa| brAhamaNa jAu mojadeva rAjA dhAgA kahiyA mojadeva raha pustaka amAviu / bAcikau~ / pANiyaH, paMDitarAja caritu sakha vishidhaao| hiThe upanAtha, pAtiyara chai tiNi sthAnaka mahezvara pAvi ghagapAla paMDitu bhAi, tIrtha guru deva kiTa anerara na stUva / bhojadeva rAu ati Amahi lA / dhanapAla paMDita rIsa bddii| sIyAlA itau / sagar3I balatI ItIyahi mAhi pAtiyA bhoja deva rAjA banA pustaka vaaliyaa| bA ThiyA rAti kA pariNAmI prati, kisai kAraNi pamAnini karau dhanapAla paMDisi bhaNiyA paramezvara haTha caritu kI yaLa anivaaliy| sa kanTrAtiNi pApiyaMDa, tumha karatA mo sAhi eki zloka AviyA paMDitu maNai kahADiyAgI jevalA pada mAkyiA vA kahiyA Diti to eka bAra manA kii| Ta rana se ranA kI bhASA saralatA, sarabatA yA bAta kA numAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai| gidI sAhitya kI dhAraka racanAmoM kI paramparAoM dhanamAla kyA kA sthAna sarvaprathama mAnA jA skaa|saath hI adyAvadhi prApta hirIjaina gaya paraMparA kI svanAbhI meM isa kRti ko gavakI prAcInatama aura sarvaprathama mAnA jA sakatA hai| mahala ke prArambhika upalabdha hone vAlI ina racanAoM ke pazcAta mA gAhityakA vikAsa kAla hamAre samakSa prastuta hotA hai|yh kAla mA sAhitya kA utkarSa kAla yA svarNa kAla kahA jA sakatA hai| utkarSa kAla kI yAzilakhita mA kRtiyoM ke atirikta isa kAla meM maulikama se gaDya kI aneka vidhAnoM kA sphuraNa hotA hai| mASA meM bhI eka apekSAkRta sthiratA milatI hai|

Page #938
8 11 gaya kA pariskAra parilakSita hotA hai| zabda cayana aura padacchedoM meM bhI vaijJAnikatA aura arara kA prayoga milane lagatA hai| gadaya meM abhUtapUrva utkarSa ke darzana hote hai| railI meM vibhinna rUpoM kA vikAsa pAyA jAtA hai ataH 1400 se saM0 1500 taka ke isa kAla ko maya sAhitya kA uvarSa kAla vikAsakAla yA amyukA kAla kI saMjJA dI jA sakatI hai| isa kAla meM aneka kRtiyA~ upalabdha hotI hai| hindI sAhitya meM ukAla kI raknAeM apanI utkRSTatA aura gama kSetra meM apanI maulika pravRtiyoM kA zrIgaNeza karatI hai| 1 isa kAla meM gaya ke prArambhika kAla kI kamiyoM meM bahuta sudhAra huaa| bhASA va zabda cayana meM apUrva prayAha jAyA gaya ke rUpoM kI asthiratA dUra huI unameM apekSAkRta sthiratA A gii| jaina vidvAnoM kI lekhanI meM bhI parivarta sAhitya ke isa utkarSa kAla meM milane vAle lagabhaga sabhI grantha dhArmika hI haiM, para dhArmika sAhitya kI pradhAnatA hote hue bhI sphuTa rUpa meM likhA gayA ya bhI milatA hai kahIM kahIM smRti lekhoM ke rUpa meM bhI milatA hai| jainiyoM sAtha bAloM ne bhI dUya liyaa| donoM iliyoM meM se eka ko hama cAramI DelI va dUsarI ko jaina zailI kaha sakate hai jainiyoM ne aitihAsika madhya kI bhI racanA kI anuvAda grantha bhI liye ge| itanA kucha hote bhI isa kAla meM pekSA ra ma bhI liyA gayA jisameM kalA kA eka nivAra spaSTa patiofee hotA hai| yahI nahIM, isa kAla meM likhe gae isa kalAtmaka gaDaba ne hindI sAhitya meM gama meM eka cArA vizeSa yA kI vizeSa meM eka nayA adhyAya bhI jor3A hai| mana ke ina pariyoM ne usake viSayoM ko bhI bavAla ddaalaa| jaina va vara mI, TIkA, mAdi zailiyoM donoM dhArA meM vayanikA, davAneva vAlA va moca TabubA, mutkka, anuprAsa, meM kalAtmaka, aitihAsika, vaijJAnika sAhitya liba gyaa| isa kAla meM jo vibhinna prakAra kI kRti milatI hai meM isa prakAra haiM: *

Page #939
812 bar3AvAsaka bAlA va bodha - saM0 14bassaprabhari 2- vyAkaraNa bahumyavAhA va goSa pentuMga mUri - hadhita bAlAba boSa maga mari balva vivaraNa bAlA va bodha sApuratnasUri +lyANa maMdira bAlAbIca Mones- munimuMdarasUri ziSya * upadezamAlA bAlA va bodha momasuMdara mUri --paSTizataka bAlAba bodha 144 sonamundara kati 8- yomabataka bAlAvabodha . bhaktAmara stotra bAlAkyodha saM0 1. ro- avatatva nAlAbodha saM0 1401 100 paryanta ArAdhanA gAlAvabodha .10 bar3hAvazyaka bAlAvabodha - vicAramanca bAhAvabodha * kSetra sapAsa bAlA. saM0 19 15. zIlopadeza mAlA bAlA. * vicArAyabAlAko - grAma bAlAbodha * mAvi * pAyaka dAvAra anAvAra banesara di ..pIya mAvilAya to me bhAbhiri ina racanAyoM meM adhikatara racanA vAtAvabodha saMjaka mana granthoM meM gAlAvadoSa eka hI hI hogA bIise dUsare ido meM bAlAyabodha bhASA TIkAtmaka pAtimA vA vAstava meM ga pArmika gaiva adhikAra prAkRta bhASA meM tilA yA na sAdhAraNa sarva mulabha banAne ke lie jaina viDvAno,loka -ri-pAka kA sAhityakAra 29.18para hindI bAmiyakI prAcInavA mahaba racanAeM-zIrSaka lekh|

Page #940
8 13 sevaka jaina kaviyoM aura unake anuyAbhiyoM ne use sarva sulabha, janamAkA meM bodhagamya kyA sarala anuvAdoM, TIkAoM, tathA vistRta TippaDiyoM ke rUpa meM prastuta kiyaa| sAtha hI unhoMne eka mahatvapUrNa kArya vaha kI kiyA ki zAstrIyatA ke baMdhanoM meM kase prathoM ke AdhAra para svayaM bhI maulika grantha rce| adhikatara meM anuvAda aura TIkAeM pramukhataH do rUpoM meM milatI hai: 1- TannA evaM 2- bAlavabodha TanA:: yaha bhI TIkAtmaka paddhati hai| isa rUpa meM jaina TIkAeM isa samaya kI bahuta hI kama prApta hai isa prakAra kI baiThI meM bistAra nahIM hotaa| isa bailI kA vilya bahuta hI saMdhipta hotA hai| bAlabodha se isakA AkAra atyanta sUkSma hotA hai| isa zailI meM pahale mUla zabda likhA rahatA hai, aura phira usakA artha dAeM bAyeM thA usake yA to nIce yA Upara athavA usake bAra meM kroDa meM, athavA mUla zabda kA hI de diyA jAtA hai| TabbA saMjJaka racanAeM ukta kAla meM lagabhaga nahIM hI milatI hai| kAlAntara meM isa saMjJA kI kaI racanAeM upalabdha hotI haiN| T bAlavabodhaH avikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya ke gadaya ke vikAsakAla yA abhyudaya kAla meM bAlAvabodhaka saMjJaka bailI DI pramukhatayA upalabdha hotI hai| mAlAvabodha se arrer vara sahaja bodhagamya anuvAda se hai| yaha zailI jaina kaviyoM ne pati vyaktiyo ke lie nahIM apanAkara bahuta hI kama par3he likhe asAvara ava adhAtu dhAvakoM ke bhramaNAne ke lie bAla grantha kI vyAkhyA isa TImeM bahuta hI saMsAra ke sAtha hotI -isa bailI kI mukhya saMvedanA hai tAki kaThina se kaThina maicAntika jJAna bhI savaya ho sake va kama vAdhAraNa usase kAma uhA sake java: mUlasUtroM va Tea ko spaSTa karane meM kathA kA prayoga kiyAgayA hai| vastuta: isa prakAra kI kI ko hama kathA pradhAna railI bhI kaha sakate hai| kathAnoM meM bhI aneka prakAra kI kyA hai 1- maulika kathA 1- paramparAma kathAeM 3- loka kathAeM

Page #941
814 4- upadezAtmaka kathAeM 5- dhArmika kathAeM 6- vividha viSayaka kAra vastutaH ina saba kagAoM ke mAdhyama se dharmopadeza dharmapracAra hI spaSTa hotA hai| pratyeka kazA dharma ke aMga upAyoM para prakAza DAlatI hai jina dhArmika grandhoM meM isa zailI meM bhAgama,AcAraMga, sUtra kuvAga, aMga, upAga, mUlasUtra, stotramandha, jyAsyA prApti sAdhupratikramaNa, dazavakAlika, bar3Avazyaka, piMDa vizudidha, uttarAdhyA ke sAtha sAtha stavanau ta ma caritragranthoM ke gadha dArzanika granthoM para bhI vistRta ma meM milatI hai| isake atirikta mI vividha vikya smoM meM hameM sAraNa, kSetra, samAsa, zIlopadeza mAlA, bhava pravacanA,vyAkhyAna, vidhi vidhAna, upavekSa mAlA, zomima stuti, goga gastra, saMgrahaNI, gautamapanchA, anDana maMDana, dhArmika sthAoM ke rUpa meM tathA siddhAnta andhoM ke sama meM upalabdha hotI hai| bAlAvabodha meM anta meM bharata vAkya kI prAti jaina dharma ke kisI tatva vizeSa kI sUcanA hotI hai sAmAnyataH prArambha meM isa prakAra kI mAta dikhAI nahIM detI para anta meM isa kA samAhAra vidhI vizeSa dharma sUtra, yA darzana siddhAnta mA kisI upadeSa pradhAna taya meM hogaa| vastutaH isa zailI kA pahale tathA kAlAmbara donokAloM meM sUna pracAra huaa| pahalI pApA TIkAtmaka patyAziyoM meM sabase uE yA pradhAna hai| ukta sUcI meM vikA AdhAra para na simI kA vargIkaraNa nimnA kisa kama kiyA jAtA: * caakmuulk shaasti *mAyA maiyavAhitya para sambandhI sAhitya -hA ki pala zAhitya ma kAmba kA rakSAvaka evaM preraka madya sAhitya ..kya (vividha kvika)

Page #942
815 'vyAkaraNa aura sthAtmaka gadya sahitya ke sAtha sAthadhArmika sAhitya ke rUpa meM milane vAlI aneka jaina madya racanAya upalabdha hotI hai| yI pramukha rUpa meM yadi dekhA jAya to prArambhika aura abhyudayakAla donoM kAloM meM milanevAlI racanAoM meM adhikatara racanAeM dhArmika gadya kI hI hai parantu phira bhI gaya ke kSetra meM jainAcAryoM dvArA liMbI sarala ga ka Atmaka sAhitya nibandhamUlaka gadyAtmaka sAhitya, tarA bhASAnuvAda TippaNiyAM TIkAoM, pAkSyoM aura bAlAva bodha vyAkaraNa Adi kerUpa meM vizAla saMkhyapalabdha hotI hai| isa dhArA kA vistAra meM paricaya Age ke pRSThoM meM diyA jAyagAisake atirikta aitihAsika jaina gadya sAhitya, gava kAvya kA preraka sAhitya tathA anya vividha free ya sAhityamI jaina gaya paramparA ke vikAsa hetu mahatvapUrNa hai| jinakA vistAra meM vizleSaNa isa prakAra hai: (1) vyAkaraNa mUlaka sAhitya : ka gadya sAhitya ke abhyudaya kAla meM vyAkaraNamUlaka gaDhya racanAe~ upalabdha hotI hai| vyAkaraNa bhrajacI pranthoM kI paramparA gaya ke prArambha kAla saM0 1300 se hI milanelagatI hai| vyAkaraNa para likhI gaI ina kRtiyoM kI paramparA kA zrIga kI 0 1336kI rA-bArA se hotA hai| bAla zikSA rAjasthAnI kA eka mahatvapUrNa vyAkaraNagrantha hai| jaisA ki nAma se hI spaSTa hai isa grantha meM bAlakoM ko vyAkaraNa kI zikSA dI gaI hai| zaka ne bahuta hI sugama zailI kA prayoga kiyA hai| vyAkaraNa sambandhI vivA dene meM zrIsaMgrAmasiMha bar3e saraka rahe hai| pAyA meM rAjasthAnI kA adhika hai aura prakAramUlaka pravRtti bhI adhikAMzataH dikhAI par3atI hai| lekhaka ne isa racanA meM viSaya ke saMdhindra vivecana ke sAtha sAtha sarala vyAkhyA bhI kI hai| zAdI kIisa racanA kA mahatva isa dRSTi se aura bhI bar3ha bAyA hai ki yaha vyAyamUlaka pravRttiyoM para likhita racanAoM ke udbhava kI 1- prAcIna marAThI punijanavijaya jI pariviSTa pR0 2051

Page #943
yotaka hai| racanAkAra saMgrAmasiMha zrImAlakula ke jaina the| tathA saMskRta ke prakAnDa paMDita the| astu saMskRta ke vyAkaraNa ko jana bhAkA meM bahuta hI sarala banAne ke lie hI lekhaka neyaha racanA likhI hai| kRti kI vyAkhyA pUrNatayA tulanAtmaka DhaMga se kI maI hai| pahale saMskRta zabda die gae hai tathA pazcAt tatkAlIna bhASA ke admm| jana bhASA vA tatkAlIna rAjasthAnI ke zabdoM ke isa tulanAtmaka vivecana se yaha nAha hotA hai ki lekhaka vya yaha rahA hogAki inakI sta meM abhivyakti kisa prakAra saMbhava ho sakatI hai, inameM kauna se spa vyavahArika hai aura kauna se avyavahArika bhASA ke prAcIna sa kauna se hai tathA pracalita rUpa kyA hai Adi pravRttiyoM ko isa kRti se samajhA jA sakatA hai| saMgrAma siMha kI bAlaviA kI kelI anuvAda pradhAna hai|rcnaa kI samApti saMskRta ke kaI bhabdoM saMskRta kI kriyAoM vizeSaNoM vizeSyoM va anya aneka zabdoM ke rUpa tatkAlIna bhASA smoM ke saath| saMgraDIra hai| racanA saMskRta kI vyAkaraNa kI eka sarala vyAkhyA hai|vaastv meM yA kRSi vidyArthiyoM ke lie kisI gaI hai ata: vyAkhyA meM bahuta adhika saralatA aura sarasatA vidyamAna hai buhala udAharaNa baTavya hai:(1) liMga pakliMga, strIliMga, napusaMkaliMgu mala liga, bhalI striIliMga bhala napuMsakarSita (syAdimA) () si eka varanu aura dvivacana basa bAvacana (saMzA prakranamA) (Byaara ketA , sapAna mevA ", savarSa ... sva 5, dI 5. mAnIyA sthArA 1, bAra, vyaMjana, barSa 5, kapaTapa, prayoga ta kAraNa bigriI ko jyA saMskRta kI vibhinna vibhaktiyAM diyA mo. kAhI AdimAyA mA~ kA bikhata vivecana nimnAsti udAharaNoM ivArA saTA - --- - ----......

Page #944
817 kAraka prkrmmaa| atha pratyeka vipakina prApti mahA-kAI, liyA, diyaI, ityAdI varvamAnAkIgaI, dInaI- kImaI ityAdI koklo karma gi vartamAnAyA bhAtyanepathanAkarikha, le, deve, ityAdI ekArAta bacane mammI kIjA dIkA lIbau, ityAdI karmayAtmanepadaM / ma kI, malInadI ityAdI karmami mA zabdayome kaI karata, jaI leta, naI deza, ityAdI kriyA tipatiH kari siI, lesa (si) I0, desiI ityAdI nahIM karaI nahI liyAI nahI diyaI ityAdI bhaviSyAnti madhatAtyaya prApti mAha+ karatA, lekhana, de, ityAdI rimAne mhaano| kIjavaLa, lomana, bIvana, ityAdI kaamk| karIu, yAvI bnaa| mI bAI kI mA karikA, lebara kA ismAdI kavi sammAnIyau priyA prAdhikAra) rA, bAli kAdida, rAvaLa, karAvI,karA diyA malAvI. saMvA prAvamAthi ! ) / samAzasasthAnI zaDdoM ke mAdhyama se vArSika byApArakalI pakTa hotI hai vastutaH bAla viA kA mahatva vyAkaraNa andhoM para to sarva prathama kRti hone ke kAraNa aura bhI bar3ha jAtI hai|is rasA

Page #945
se spaSTa hai ki isameM bola cAla kI bhAkA kA sAdhAraNa svarUpa hai| pahale hI lekhaka ne jina ubdoM kA prayoga kiyA hai unakA vibhinna vibhinna kAloM kA svarUpa dekhA jA sakatA hai:vartamAna - divai, karaha, dIjaDa, kIjaha, lIjai Adi vidhiDiMga - karirI dene, le|| loTa - kari lai, bai, jhIja, Adi pUtakAla . kIghara lIdhara bhaviSyakAla - karisi, desi, karisiha, desii, nIjisii vijisii Avi kRdanta mAdhAraNa-karikA, deva jya ca vartamAna - karakara, detA, kI , dIjakala, pUrva vanta - dIpA kI, pakiya kunta - bAranAisa aneka zabdoM taza kriyA moM kA adhyayana ina udAharaNoM se kiyAjA sakatA hai:- kIhI jIDA tIhI (kahA jahA, tahIzivar3A (hamapI) sahi gamA (saba gharaka) sImAi (moziyAlo) ghATa (ghaTopalo (pillA) bApa (pitA) Tasa bara) mahakama) balavatI (baacaal)| isI prakAra kisAnoM ke kAra bahalA aneka udAharaNa vipa mA sakne mA- vis, Da, prANA, vAparA, pIDa, bApA, bhASA, sopaDA, nirasaha, manAnA, pelA, mAsa, makA, pAsa bhara, kA, vivA, dhArA, pAimolamA, lohA nAyaDa, TA, bAla hAya, bAbA, malAha, saha bhAki isa prakAra vartamAna hindI zabdoM katvamA prayoga isa nAma siAImA samvoM saTa hai ki apAMva kI viziSTa kApiyAmA inameM mila parikaSita nahIM hotaa| bAlImApAbhyAlaya liyI cha bahuta hI mahatvapUrNa kRtiyAM mAya mem | jinameM pramukha haisAmora klika kulamaMDanakRta - 0145. zrI somaprabhasUri ..

Page #946
3- ukta saMgraha zrItilaka ina tIna racanAoM meM prathama do bahuta hI mahatvapUrNa hai zeSa tIsarI ramA sAdhAraNa sI hai sAtha hI usake lekhaka ke viSaya meM bhI kucha sAmagrI tathA sUcanA upalabdha nahIM hotii| yo rakanA bhI bahuta maulika nahIM hai vyAkaraNa sambandhI jitanI uktiyoM kA isameM saMgraha hai saba prathama do granthoM ke AdhAra para hI hai tathA paryAppa meM milA julatA bhI hai| mauktika saMjaka ina racanAoM kA zilpa kAraNa patA hI hai| rakSA bhI vyAkarama ke kapoM para hI prakAza DAlatI hai|imnii bhASA mI rAjasthAnI prdhaanhai| zabda choTe aura vyAkhyA vistRta tathA sarala hai| agadhAvavodha bIkvika isa kRti ke lekhaka zrI kulamaMDana mUri hai| sUri jI kI yaha bahuta hI mahatvapUrNa kRti hai jo prakAzita bhI ho cukI hai| auktika sajaka racanAeM yo sAmAnya artha meM vyAkaraNamUlaka hI hotI hai aura prastuta iti meM bhI rAjasthAnI ke dvArA saMskRta vyAkaraNa ko sarala karane ke lievistAra meM jyAkhyA kI gaI hai| kucha udAharaNa bhApA jailI kI saralatA lekhamA kI sarasatA mAmAkaraNa gata kaThinAI ko saralatA sathA vaijJAnikatA se samajhAne bhAdi bAtoM ko jadayaMgama karane ko paryApta hogii| ina udAharaNoM se gadya ke tatkAlIma sayoM ko samajhA bApA ne ati * vipattiyoM para vicAra kiyA hai tathA sAtha sAdhanta meda, vimeva gAdi para bhI vistRta prakAza DAlA hai|kRti anuvAda rupa meM :" kIDa, lInA, dIpA, paDIha, guNI, ityAdi molivai yati mA karI timAhi basnu katA jyApIya karma / vihI viDhIyA kaTArA, karaha isI liyA rapa karai cha / RESTINE prathama kisa karai, kTa kIjAta km| ji vidIyA citrAvaTa kroti|prv kSetra : kASThaM dahani maammaati| - cIna barAtI gaiya dharma pR0 172-74

Page #947
100 zAstra paThati () cennaI kArapi riyA katI kA , banai baharAI dAna dIDa kopa kIyA viDA sampradAni caturthI vivekika mokSanaI kArapi pr| sapai isI niyA ityaadi|-- dhamma sunAI kAraNi hush| diyA / kastA pUrvavat / kisAnaI kAraNi zarmA , mukhmii| vihA cturthii|-- sAdhu pochanaI kAraNi baghu kraa| (7 vihI dezi kAli jehanA vivAdaH ityAdi kAramai bolivAve kastAnA athavA sampanara AdhA hui ve adhikApa vihAM sptmii| va prAbhivAdAniyA kI pUrvavatA kilI vanaDa, maami|vitaa pAri sptmii| himAnoM kA vizleSaNa bhI dira hai. (7 medhi barisavA mora naacii| mAvaI isI niyA kAma mAya morAle nAcaI ke baltI vihA prathama kisa Itai nAraI mepi rihA bhAva sami smvmi| kArakoM kA vivecana bhI mumka hai| karaka, mAna sambandha, kallI, kamya karaNa, sampradAna, apAbAna, adhika. sakA / kIvIvIpI yA kIyA kr| yA devAnI bAla ke mahAparI gaI kAra sampradAna ba hAnApAva vikAra, meDaka maba haDa, ke bAdala prakAra sAmAna kahA , ha mAki vaha pAcalA , mehamI, ha va sI ityA smbn| mAga, bali, ki pAkivAri ityA adhikre| prAya It weet ililibisya / sthAnI majhA kA vikAsa: DA. zivasvarUpa bhI pU. 5864prakAzita zodha rAjasthAna vizvavidyAlaya

Page #948
101 dUsarI racanA auktika hai| isa racanA ko pI0 dalAla ne 5vIM zatAbdI kI nizcita kI hai| isake racayitA zrI somapramasUri somaprama vidvAna jainAcArya tathA ye tapAgacahIya the| racanA choTI sI hai tathA vyAkaraNa para likhI gaI hai| vyApama granthoM meM tRtIya tyA antima grantha ukti saMgraha hai| isake racayitA tilaka hai tathA tilaka ke viSaya meM tatkAlIna sahAyaka granthoM meM bhI vizeSa upalabdha nahIM hotA rakta donoM racanAoM ke udAharaNa kama: isa prakAra hai:(1) karAvaI likhAvaha gadhA labhAu 3, laipayati , saMpAdayati, utArau / uttArayati, halakIgaDa, tIga kIjar3a yathA devadAtta mA, i, ai, pui ai ya sehi Avazyaka paThiu, 3 savehi rAji jApIi kyA karatA lenTa daMDaLa ityAdi sthA gari azu jAgiu betu vyAkaraNa pt| (0 vadatti payi pApira pAbai, upAdhyAya mai paDhAbA, devadA pahIbA --- devadatta kara --- pApiyau sApa maari| dhyAraNa mUlaka ina tInoM racanAoM se saMskRta vyAnaraka saralatApUrvaka samAI jA sakatI hai| racayivAnoM ne isI lie hameM rAjasthAnI bhASA mA sarala hindI TlA haidhAsthAtmaka pati sarala hai|vaaky moTe aura kiAya pratipAla pUrva manA hai| (2) yA pradhAna mahama sAhitya mahara sAhitya kI hArI aura pramukha zArA yA pradhAna hindI jaina yA gAvAcA mAlaka yA ekhI milatI hai jinameM tatkAlIna mAre andara bAmiAoM kI ina patiyoM meM madadyAtmaka mA jiti yAtvA kAmI mana meM paryApta samAveza yA mAvi ho cukI hai| gaDya sAhitya ne usaLa zivAnI bAhityapariSada kI bhI riporTa pR. 14-14 vArA DI. vasALA

Page #949
meM jaina kathA sAhitya kA basAdhAraNa hAtha hai| sahastroM jaina bAtoM aura sthAoM kA sAhitya abhI taka jaina maMDAroM meM aprakAzita par3I hai vahI ina kyAoM ke viSayoM kA prazna hai| kyA aneka prakAra kI mila jAtI hai .. loka mAlyAnaka, 3. dhArSika - gArika, 4- aitihAsika 5. upadezamUlaka - carita pradhAna, nIvijanya, 8-manovaijJAnika sAmAjika tathA vividha viSayaka vastutaH ina sabhI sthAnoM meM visya kI mukhya vedanA dharma pracAra yA varita ninAma aura jJAna prApti hI hai|kyaatmk paddhati se ina racanAkAroM meM zrotAoM ke manovijJAna kA sparzakyiA hai|in zAoM dvArA barmita manovijJAna bhI ullekhanIya hai| jainadarzana, mAgAra karma, tathA bhakti va jaina dharma ke vibhinna aMgoM ase kaThina va durUha viSayoM para prakAra DAlane aura sanako saralakana pASA meM samajhAne ke lie jaina lekhakoM ne eka sthAtmaka zailI apanAI hai aura dUsare varNana meM madada ko kI ThIka samajhA hai| ata:ye dhAeM atyanta sarasa, madhura, svAbhAvika, sarala, bhAvapradhAna, upadeza, nIti tayA cAritrikA garimA auradAnika sidghAnnoM auraupAsana paddhatiyoM ko spaSTa karatI hai| ina sthAoM meM mahatvapUrNa kathAeM pramukha jaina vidvAn pala prabhUpari 1 se hI upAya hotI hai| inameM pramukha samase samyakarava, vAkhata, solaha kAraNa, pAyaka avicAra upavebamUlaka, svadharma yA goma zAstra sambandhI namaskAra bAlA va bodha, jyA prakI vAdi aneka viSayoM para likhI kyA upalabdha hotI hai| ina mahaba kyAbhoM ke ravivAnoM meM pramukha ramAkAra :zrI prabhari ( ), zrI bomanbaramUri (0 45-. zrI mAthimadarI 18 zrI mAMgami (faote tha) mAvi hai| minimaviSayoM yA bArA jana bhASA meM tivI gaI isa manya mAnoM nAroM para vivI maI bhaneka kahAniyAM hai| viSayAnusAra ina bayAnoM ke sAgaraNa kI bhASA tathA inake pravAha kA adhyAyana kase ke linI dilavA ro to samaya nA ho sambandhI-racayitA zrI AcArya nana prasUri .

Page #950
903 1411 yathA prathamavrata Upara- candrasUra rAjA putra kathA prathama ahiMsA vrata para likhI eka kathA ke gama kA udAharaNa dekhie: (+) jaya eka jAti puru| nAmi rAja sUra caMdra nAmaI karI bi vyeSThA mahANi karI rAjendra jyeSTha yuvarAjA kIghA / vRTisa karI / ha afra mAtrA kI gati nhiiN| ke apamAna va vaidri devalI (2) vAsaMtI nAmi nagarI kIrti pAlu mAmi rAjA, mI * mAni putra putra hI kaDA vati siMha nApi zreSTha parama zrAvaku cini sabhA mA kIrti pAhU rAjA siMha jima pakti tu areas | bhanera brekiTa mukha kamala amara jima jIyacha ta vattaI / tela prastAvi pratIkAra AjI rAjendrarahaI vInavai- mahArAja tumharahaI dekhaNaharu eka puruSa divyAkAra rAjA timI melhio 2 1-0 0 0 0 + vahIM para / samyakatva tathA dhAvakoM ke bAcAra para bhI aneka kathArtha upalabdha hotI jinakI bhASA atyanta sarala va pravAhapUrNa haiN| ina kathAoM ko prArambha karane kI eka hI hai parantu phira bhI pratyeka kathA apane meM pUrNa tathA prabhAvazAlinI choTe maine tathA bhAvapUrNa hai jinameM eka saukarma sarvatra vidyamAna hai baiThI # meM kahIM bhI vicikatA nahIM hai|pkaacaa vrata Upara lihI maMtrIsvara kyA kA eka uddharaNa dekhie: prabhAta banAi dehI karoDa bani pora bellipo pArI kI divasa kRtya vidhika kariyA lAna / mAnuSAviha naI parivalI banAI nidhana huyI / nei dini svAviyA coka dedinA dharatI va vastu corI va teha vastu mA e kyUki muktAphalanau DAka hai krii| vinihiM ji nadi kinA zreSThi ivAvi / rI karI kAra rahaI ATha cora dharaNa

Page #951
avAja daragAmI kI isa viiddvaa| ina kathAnoM meM na mASA kAvya kI sarasabA sarva vidyamAna haivividha viSayoM para lisI batkAlIna aneka prakIka kyAeM sa bAta kA pramANa hai| eka ir3hiyA para likhI ka batkAlIna prakIrNaka kyA kA eka udAharaNa dekhieH e prASi ekiti barikhavAkarI iksina hokari eka iivii| sana isaha nAbhi kA vIkirA pAe vApivikA kArapi grAma hoka yA mA cAralA aneka dini saMdhyAmamaiyAna vana itara bAchale pAvara esa pudhi isira, pUchI prAvI vidyA Iji mahAvika vega samahu Ila dera baali| jima kA vidhi yA viSa bAI mahI pIThi pti| smA gyaraSa meM bokAra dIkita bAla bAdi pada heDa rAjasthAnI ko bhAva bhI bole bAte hai| upadeza pradhAna dhArmika kyAoM meM aneka bhI bimUlaka kyA milI hai jisakI mukhya saMvedanA kaivala jJAna yA nazvara saMsAra se virakti grahaNa karanA hI hai samAvatI kyA- kA eka udAharaNa gadya kI prajilavA ko pUrvamI pUrNatayA spaSTa karatA hai: dhArA dUkaDamo sAtha jAbo dI caMdana bAlAnu hAtha para kiiyaa| naMdanavAlA nAmI kA mA laadi| mATII kahila-mAra bAra pInavAlA bana dekhaa| mAnavII kati kisa deza kA mAmalA bIbaI kAla isI prakAra mAnya parivArA muni oka bAra kena na para prakAza DAlI hai| kyA mAlakIcA gussa pAvara bara barmana hai| sara mAlIza bApa piyA mahAdika nara baMza kahIdAnazIla - - - - -pAna Ama gujarAtI gava saMdarbha argan.. - vaDI0 58-59 -

Page #952
185 mI rAtri bhojanAdikana nivevarUpa ra AcAra ke vivAne karI ke samAna parIkSA huii| kuliI karI, jAcAriI karI je sarIkA kaI (2) prasidu ca dezAcAra- je uttama manuSya mIhi prasiddha devana mAcAra starrer for atka vyavahAra jena samAcaraI te dharma yogya nahIM, ja arees se dharma yogya / (3) rAjAdiH rAjA maimIzvara purohita baiThI pramukha moTAna avavAda vizeSa na bolaI se bolatI ihaloka i lakSmInI dAni jIvitavya vinAzAdika * doSa upajaI teha bhI kahina doSana bolaI se dharma yogya / isa prakAra hindI maya sAhitya ke aneka udAharaNa ina AdikAlIna kRtiyoM duvArA prastuta kie jA sakate hai| yadyapi inameM se adhika kathAeM apane pUrvavartI vidvAnoM ke saMskRta aura prAkRta granthoM seanUdita hai parantu to bhI inake udAharaNoM se tatkAlIna mAyA ke gadya krama aura vikAsa kA itihAsa spaSTa ho jAtA hai| (3) dharma sambandhI gama sAhitya dhArmika racanAoM ke rUpa meM dharma hindI jaina raktAoM ke mUla meM davA kA kara sarvavidayamAna hai| hitya sampanna hai afare pa meM dhArmika vastu pradhAna maya racanAeM upalabdha hotI hai| jaina ko ye itara racita kAlIna cAralI va sAhitya meM bhI isI prakAra ke uta bAkI para likha rahe the aura kucha jaina bAvalI para bAramI maga IlI meM upaladAra bIvI-rI vacanakA sabase vikA ramA kA vajAdI kA uttarAdha hai / prathvI candra hote hai| **- prAcIna barAmada 0 180119 /

Page #953
caritra (jaina racanA) pIsI zailI kI hai| kyA sAhitya nibandha sAhitya, TIkA, mAbhya aura anuvAda ke rUpa meM amgadaya kATha kA bitanA gadya sAhitya pilatA hai usameM pramukhatA bAlAvabodha zailI kI hai| abhyudaya kAla meM jitane pramukha gadya lekhaka hue unameM se lagabhaga sabhI ne isI bhASA TIkAtmaka bAlabodha bailI meM apanI racanAeM kI vAcArya pramUri, sImAndAri, munisuMdarasUri, ralavara, 'jinasundara, madara (rabaramancha) zivasundhara jinasUu (vabhAgacha) sAdhuratna, rAjavanlama (dharmadhIya gaccha) tathA DemasamAmi Adi aneka pramukha biDvAna hai jinhoMne vividha spoM meM gama ke kSetrakA sampanna kiyA hai|aadikaaliin hindI baina bAhubhaya ke isa gadya sAhitya ko sampanna karane vAle tatkAlIna jaina lekhakoM pramukha rUma se 5 mahArathI ullekhanIya hai :-AcArya samaprabhamUri, 1- zrI soma gundaramapi, 3- zrImasandara, 4-zrI pAzvata 5- mAmi kyaasundrsuuri| ina pAMcoMmahArathiyoM ke kAraNa vikAsakAla ko AdikAlIna gaDya sAhitya kA svarNakAla kahA jA sakatA hai| pahAvazyaka bAlavabodha: sambakA kI isa ramA kamI bhAvArya banabhari / kRti bhI aprakAzita kelI mATAcI ke graha se leka meM isa paur3a kRti timiprati upalabadha huii|' prati gahaba ko dekhakara bAbA jI kI mivatA kA paricaya liyA hai| jisa para yApi dhArmika hai para hindI sAhitya kI prAcIna maima rabamAnoM meM bamba kAla mA svarNakAra kI isa mAvazyaka bAtAbodha kRSi ko bhayo prIda kati sA vA mA " 1-sAmiAramAra- prAcInatamajha rakhanA / mAvAlAnA lekhaka kA hindI sAhitya kI pari (hastalikhita prazi-apaya jaina

Page #954
187 AcArya sUri kA vyaktigata jIvana, janma Adi spaSTa nahIM hotAmAtra sahAyaka prathoM se hI kucha paricaya mila pAtA hai| varatara ga meM inakI saM0 118 meM dIkSA va sAhitya sAdhanA prArambha huI / apane grantha meM inhone apanI zivA dIkSA tathA sAnA para prakAza DAlA hai|mm purandhara mahArathI the tathA saMskRta prAkRta aura loka pASA yA kAlIna boliyoM meM svA karane meM unakI ikvi abhUtapUrva thii| prantha kA zilpa mAlAvaroSa jailI bhAzA TIkAtmaka paDpati hai jisa para pUrva pRSThoM meM prakAza DAlA jA cukA hai prastuta kRti jaina dharma ke Avazyaka kamoM para likhI gaI hai jisakI mukhya saMvedanA,dharmopadeza, bIsa vA dharma pracAra kI vRti kA racanA kAta svayaM lekhaka ke ubdoM meM spaSTa hotA hai| racanA ThI upadezAtmaka aba choTe aura gambhIra vivecana kase meM sakSama hai| bArA kI kRti unake bhIra adhyayana, manana aura anuzIlana kA paricaya detI hai| yAtmaka zailI udAramoM, / athAntaranyAnoM aura dRSTAntoM se puSTa kie hue gadya ko prastuta karatI hai| vahA kRSi kI bhASA kA prazna hai, aisI gala maya kavi dharI nahIM hai| sva prA aura usake sAtha kara pApA bAhara sannikA pApa para asAdhAraNa adhikAra nAmada bhAnamA mAlya rati usameM eka mata pUrva mAra DAlA gasi svAma cindI sAhitya meM majhya kI tatkAlIna samayamA ko sina karAvAcArya vI kA kAvyAtmaka pravAha mana kI rakSA ko aura bhI nidhAra de mAlAdha lI rakhA gayA yaha pIjI kI miti, samayA kI vArSika manovRttiyoM bAkatAnAjavajAvatAnAbamAlayAjanAna pahAramIkAnera surakSata +sAbAbAlAkoSa-dhikA-90 ... varSa dIpotsaba vivo zanibAre kolamiTanemAvasyakAtviSA bAlAvabodha kASiI sakka setopakA

Page #955
va caritra ko sabala karane ke tatva tathA racayitA ke bhAvoM ko sarala bhASA meM prastuta karane kI asAdhAraNa kSamatA hai| kRti kI bhASA hucha nahIM, pakadama sarala hai| kliSTatA se yaha kRti kosoM dUra haiN| gama ke kucha udAharaNa dekhie: 10 basaMtapura nAma nmk| jinadAra mAni zrAvakute mahesaradatsa nAmi mitra / vipadAsa bAgAra mAninI vidayAlaya bali naMdI svari duvISi arred caitya vAdiyA gayaTha anAmI ki kAhI kiMvA nAhIdeva pAvatI (prAkRta) bhAnu kiM kariSyati (saMskRta) kiyoM kafres frsara jA visara - ityAdi Ati sa mahesaradatti bhaNita mitra tAvara dekhi apUrva sugandha gaMdhAi / timi naMdIzvara yAtrA vRtAntu kaviu tira mahesaravattu mamai mUrahaI puSi nara gAminI vidyA ANi ati nirbaMdhi kathai hUM jina dAkhi mahesaravatta ra vidyA diidhii| binavara isI paribhAvanA mAvA / tadA tithi nagarI kevalI , bA rAjAdi loke bAdI -bhagava kiN| loka kaha-bhagavata abhina sing a kevalI kahI vinaya pArA vittu na bhArAi ukta uddharaNoM dvArA kRti kI lokapriyatA kA anumAna kA hI lagAyA vAstA hai|raajsthaanii ke kaMkAla meM isa kRti ke sarala prayoga aura mayU bAr3amera mA tathA sarasa kI devara vyArA haimahAvazyaka vAtAvanI meM vainiyoM meM nilevana kiyA hai| devaka, (sama bhAvagrahaNa) - guruvaMdana, 3 vIrthakaroM kI stuti) 4- pratikramaNa (pApoM kA 20 Deng Wu 108 4 Deng Di grantha vitIya prakaraNa 2013-14 / kRSi ko kami ne rUparaMga vArSika aMgoM karmoM kA

Page #956
109 prAyazcita va tyAga) 50 kAyotsarga (kaSTa pAnA ) 6- pratyAsthAna vrata niyama AhAra Adi kA dhyAna / ukta kRti ke reet sAhitya kSetra meM AcArya somasundarasUri ne praveza kiyaa| gadya ko dizA AcArya vAprama ne dI aura somasundara ke bAlAvabodha ke kSetra meM lagabhaga 8 prasiddha kRtiyoM kA yogadAna kiyA hai:(0) upadezamAlA bAlAyaboca saM0 1445 (2) efSTa zataka mAnavIya saM0 2496 (3) tearer bAlAvabodha (4) Heater stotra jAlAvabodha (5) (6) (0) (8) ina granthoM meM kucha uddharaNoM para vicAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| kyoMki ina kRtiyoM kI zailI kilpa aura vastu meM lagabhaga pApta samAnatA hai| ina kRtiyoM meM choTI choTI kathAeM hai mAtrA adhikAra kRtiyoM kI prAcIna rAjasthAnI yA nImaDI hai| inameM upadezoM kA surata aura saMskRta ke duA kAvyoM ko saralatama banAne ke lie tathA jana sAdhAraNa ke lie lapa karane ke lie hI ina kRtiyoM kI racanA huI hai| yoga pAsa ndra kA andha hai usI para kaIvAlAvIca tathA syAeM rakhI gaI hai| taareeTorantdha parva ArAdhanA bAlAvabodha spheres bAlAvabodha vicAragrantha bAlAvabodha | isake ki satya kA prazna hai vaha adhika nahIM hai phira bhI itiyoM meM mAyA kar3iyoM spaSTa parilakti hotI hai rakAva maiM sabhI kA vizleSaNa karanA vaDA saMbhava nahIM hai| eka do racanAoM kA paricaya tathA gama ke upara savAra kara sakate hai| mAThA bAlAvanotha meM AcaraNa kI pavitravata para prakAra DAlane jAlI choTI bar3I prAkRta sthAnoM kA grantha hai| racanA kA uddezya dhArmika upadeza hai|

Page #957
20 prAkRta gAthAoM kA vizleSaNa karane ke lie hI isameM racanAkAra ne unakI vyAkhyA prastuta kI hai| yogazastra bAlAvabodha zrI hevandrasUri kA likhA saMskRta grantha hai| zrI somaprasUri ne usI para vaha bAlAvaboca liyA hai| racanA ke nAma se hI spaSTa hai ki lekhaka ne usameM yoga sambandhI tatvoM kA vizleSaNa kiyA hogA / yoga kI sthiti, yogI putra va yoga ke guNa varNaina, paMca mahAvrata, Adi ke sAtha zrAvaka ke varNana, mana kA budvidhakaraNa aura jAna kyA ativAra aura zrAvaka guma, samyakaraNa kA vizleksa, indriyoM kA usakA svarUpa, pAvanAoM kA varNana tathA 1 ke anuvratoM kA paricaya milatA hai| ina dhArmika upAkhyAnoM kI bhASA sarala hai| art are kI retAse dharmagata upadezoM kI sArI duhatA miTa jAtI hai| ina kathAoM maiM bhASA ke vikAsa ke sopAna hai| donoM kRtiyoM meM sAhityika tava sAdhAraNa hai yahAM taka ki par3Avazyaka bAlabodha kI bhAti ye racanAeM praur3ha nahIM hai parantu phira bhI maDuva erfor ke vikAsa krama meM ullekhanIya hai| donoM ke dUdha ke katiSaya uddharaNa dekhie: parvataka artha rAjya leNahAramaNI eka naMdarAnI beTI ne karI vikalyA jAnI naIpaNAviyo nyunta binA upacAra karato mAriyo / anat caka parvataka rAjA bhima kIyo / naI gati vANasya skrI pAli puri gAvI naMdarAma kAhI rAjya lI sima anerAI AyAmI kAma pariyA pUrti nijahuI kaI arre vAmana dacitra rAjya bauya bhI saMgatiyo (upa0yA0) isI taraha kA vaka udAharaNa aura vaizi: Y pATi dhanavAna kara rahI mahAsatI gaI iti zrI bAra kAra kI 110 dai bhI beTI isI prakAra karaI AI bhavi mI pAkiTaM isa eka bAra zrI bara nIma nagara yA ucAriyA dhana sArthavAha aneka suvarNaratnamI koDi yA zrI bagara svAmI kaha bAki vAhinI beTI manI dIkSA leva rAvI lagAi pani lAca

Page #958
nAi eka bAra loke vinavi-svAmI ko eka cora nagara lai cha, puNa cora jAgIra nhiiN| rAjaI kahile thor3A bihADA mAMhi cora pragaTa kari tumha asAmAthi ma karisau pachaI rAjA ItakAra leDI hAM ki / talAra kahas paI aneka upAya kIdhA puNa te cora dharAra nahIM / -- pa rAga ApaNa paI rAniI nIlA paDalauM pahira nagara bAhara ke bora sthAna ke phirate, cAra jovara ekaI sthAna ki jaba pUrA liI meM Dika cauraI dI jagAti hiu tIna kimI bhIkArI | maMDika cori kahi mAvi ka yU~ sAdhiI jipa tuhaI lakSmIvaMta karataM / (yobbA0) bahAvara yavanAlA vabodha 5 6 111 (saM0 1501) kA udAharaNa bhI tulanAtmaka iSTi se yahA prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai: * vAsaMti nagarI kIrtipAla rAjya mIma baiTau / rAjAnai mitra siMha veSTi / eka bAra isa eka AvI rAjA haI bInavara svAmI nAmapuri nagari nAgacaMdra rAjA tava gunamAlA kanyA / te tAvarI putra huii| deva bAI prasAdakara putra mokkA rAjA siMgha zreSTi nai khi|jaar kumarana vivAha mahotsava kari bATa Ti kahaI nAgapura hI so bo ina rhaa| jATa rAjA kupita ha ja nahi jArja kA ITe pAlI po bhaya sahasa we eray | jo jana umara jAvA nIna khaMDa hi mamI nahIM topa kI kI kaI kundara sUri kA nAma ullekhanIya hai|inkaa rAjasthAnI meM inakI aneka TIkArya kI racanA milate hai viratara maccha ke ka racanA kAla se0 1487 se 1530 taka hai| padha hotI hai|vaalaa bodha racanAoM meM prakAra hai: 1ya meM surakSita ke samaya jaina prathAyabIkAnera meM surakSita |

Page #959
112 0 zIlopadezamAlA bAlAvabodha / (2) pumpamAlA baalaavbodh|' (3) DAvazyaka baalaabbodh| (4) ajaya stavana baalaavbodh|' karpUra prakaraNa baalaavbaudh|' (1) yoga zasna kAlAvabIyA paMca nidhI baalaavbodh| (e) ajitazAti bAlAvabodha / (9) bhAvA nivAraNa bAlAlodha kalpa prakaraNa bAlAvabodha " boga prakAza baalaavbodh| (1) baTa zataka baalaaybodh| (1) vAmarAlaMkAra bAlAvabodha tathA (4) vidagdha pusa maiDala bAlAvabodha / ina granthoM ke atirikta mesa suparasUri kI kucha anya racanAeM bhI upalabdha hai| rAjasthAnI gaDya likhane meM memandara kI sabhI racanAeM paryApta mahatvapUrNa hai| usa racanA vividha viSayoM para lipI gaI hai para adhika samAjAta pArmika hailo bhI ho,yaha spaSTa hai ki hindI baina bArava nIvAdivAlIma - vahI saMgrahAlaya DAra pATana kAmakArakara insttiittyuuttnaa| *purAnA saMgha bAra pATana! .:- pauDIbI hAra sayapura thA inisiyAmara saMgraha, koTAmA baraSAta hAra lalamera,bhAmA bhanDAra pAvanagara, vivekaviSayagara udayapura vaadi| kamiyoM ko nApI barasI pApaDA ne dIinameM se pAlI ranA kAmAmavanAvarIcyA- zibAhirabamAdarapAkItAnA aura ibarI mAra -mAra kAra,pIganera meM surakSita hai|

Page #960
113 bAbAvabodha saMbaka hindI gaDaba ramanA vizAla saMkhyA meM upalabdha hai| ina RSiyoM meM tathA prasiddha lekhakoM ke atirikta gadya sAhitya ko vikasita karane vAlI aneka rasmA aura bhI milatI hai| jayazekhara sUri(Pre-t) isa kAma ke pramukha gaiya lekhaka the jinhoMne 19 granthoM kA prajana kyiaa| ayosara sUri apane samaya ke prasidadha kavi tathA bhAcArya rahe hai| nimakI jaina ajaima viyoM para upaladha kAvyoM kA paricaya hama bahane adhyAyoM meM gA cuke haiN| nimukna dIpaka prabandha sa vyavasAyoM ke isa nirmAtA meM gaya manthoM meM bhI apanA sthAna batAyA hai| inakA pramukha andha zrAvaka brAvavivAra hai| isake atirikta isa kAla ke gadyakAroM meM sapA ke zrI bhAratna muri kA bhavatya vivaraNa bAlAvabodha (to .45) mahasagANi (0 15.) kA par3Avazyaka bAlAbodha Adi anya pramukha hai| ina lekhakoM kI racanAoM meM prauda maDya ke vAna hone hai| aneka kaliyAM aisI bhI upaladha hotI hai jinake kI mAsI . ranAoM meM pramukha hai- zrAvaka vratAdi aticAra( 6) tathA kAlikAcArya kyA (saM0 0485) inameM kAlikAcArya kathA bar3I mahatvapUrNa hai| gadya kI zailI meM mAranA kAma kA sA rasa gholatI prAsAdika zailI meM mAdhurya kA unmeSa imTI nAhaTAjI ke bhaMDAra meM yaha rakamA purakSita haina kA sAla kAmaya kyA prabhAvapUrNa aura banuprAsAlA yojanA sTamyabAla aura dAmpoM kI bAkI mAtI hai zAdAra isa paraMparA lIka: - - - - -nAhitya kA ciAimAdhI mohanalAla dekhAI-Ti...more mapura kaviyo- mAya -zrI desaaii| -maukInI baMDAra babaI puravinATAbI kI sUcanAnusAra) -mabArada maMDAra bIkAnera vA maanvaalmbiikaaner| jArI rAta viviniyara

Page #961
114 10 jisa caMcala va mu bAkAra jisasa caMcala mana mau vyApAra / jisa saMcala bIjana mutkAra / jima do Dilpa cAritra jisa kaMbala ThAkura adhikaar| jisa pIpala pAna tisI caMcala rAjya lakSmI jANa tuma sarIkSA vivekI prANI isIyA saMsAra smIyA kuA mIDi kAi par3haI Dumate kAi raDavaDa zrAvaka bRhativAra kI pAvA kA eka uddharaNa alayU hogA: use sores vinaya vevAvadhi deva pUjA sAmAjika poSahi dAna vIla tapa bhAvanAdi kI dharmakRtya mana vacana kAya vaNa ka bala chatava atter samAsana dIyA nhiiN| bAdaNAnA bhAvata viSaI sAcaviyA nahIM | ator pAkkpirNa kii| vIyAcAra aneka juko aticAra' / isa prakAra dhArmika maya sAhitya meM bAlAvabodha TIkA sAhitya aura aticAra zaka racanAe~ milatI hai jinakA lakSya dhArmika hote hue bhI unameM sAhityaaura mAvA viSayaka saudarya paryApta mAtrA meM vidyamAna hai| (4) aitihAsika mAt gama kI isa dhArA meM itihAsa se sIdhA sambandha rane vAlI tere sege hotI hai| ina aitihAsika racanAoM meM kucha mahAputroM jainavAya aura mama, gaccha tathA paTToM kA vivaraNa milatA hai aitihAsika sAhitya kA pratinidhitva karane vAlI isa prakAra kI racanA adyAvadhi sirpha eka hI upalabdha huI hai parantu ajamera, nAgaura, bailara, dillI, meraTha mujapharanagara, ambAlA chAvanI bAdi dhAmoM ke dvAroM kI bodha hone para yaha bahuta sambhava hai ki isa bIga ke bAkI kaI maya kI racanAeM upalabdha hauM / 1- bIkAnera meN|

Page #962
115 upalabdha kRti gurvAvalI hai|rmaa bIkAnera meM surakSita hai|rcnaakaar zrI jinagaIdha aura racanAkAla 01440 ke baad| jinavadhanane isameM pAga ke jainAcAryoM kI paTTa nAmAvalI mahAvIra svAmI se somasundara sUri dI hai| isameM vizeSatA yaha hai ki ina paTTadhara AcahayoM kA kavi ne gaya kAvya kI bhAti pravAhapUrNa bhASA meM varNana kiyA hai| pUrA varNana antavAnumAra se yukta hai| paTTadhara AcArTI kI sabhya nAmAvalI prastuta karane meM unakA dhArmika tathA sAmAjika itihAsa prastuta karane meM yaha racanA paryApta sahAyatA karasakatI hai|maatraa meM vikAsa, gadya lI nonnati, zabda cakana kA sauSThava, lekhaka kI smAsa pradhAna belI bhASA kA pravAha gatizIlatA kriyApadoM kI saralatA aura sukAtamA racanA kA pahatva aura adhika bar3hA detA hai| eka udAharaNa etartha paryApta hai: jima narendra mAhi rAma, jima makta mAhi kAma 'jima strI mAhi raMbhA, jima vAdita mAla mA jima satI mAhi sItA, jima smRti mAhi gItA jima sAhasIka mA tikramAditya, jima grahaNa mAhiM Aditya bin ble maati minni, tr'im gaaml mti nungkaalji jima parvata mAhi meka bhUpara, bina manendra mAhi parAba free jima rasa pI ela, ni mAra mAralu mAvimamukha jina sAmatikA himAla ma rAtI isa prakAra gaina sAhityakA pratinidhitva karane vAlI maha akelI ramamA 5vI sahAvI kI bhI isakA pakSamA proDanA paravaM sarala hai rakA atm kI bA.navoM kI mAnyatA prasA pUrNa tathA hamapaNa mI dAraNa bhASA gata saurya ke lie iSTavya hai: - pradhAna bIkAnera zrI amaracanda bhATA ke pAsa DIDA

Page #963
cAriya lakSmI ke dAla hAra, nirUpama jJAna bhaMDAra sakala sUra hiromApi, zrI tapogancha namare maNi kvAdita matagaMja sIha, nirmaka kiyA vaMza pahilIha cArada bidA mAgara gaMbhI rima varjita sAgara ajJAna vibhira nirAkaraNa, mara sAya dAvAnalavAri pUra nija deza nA vivo dhi nAneka dezabama nijAma lakSmI praNIta sajjana / mavAya vivAra basALIsa vajtui mAhAra zrI zana gAra, prama pradhAnAvatAra vastutaH isI prakAra kI gaima racanAeM gadya sAhitya ke vikAsamma meM nayA mor3a dene meM samAna hai| - (5) gadya kAmba kA uddhAvaka evaM preraka gadya sAhitya: mamyudayakAla meM gaima kAmya kI ujhAvaka racanAeM milatI hai yi kAvyAtmaka dRSTi sebamvRdaya kAla AdikAlIna hindI gadya kA svarNakAla kahA jA sakatA hai| aba taka prApta racanAoM meM tuka pradhAna gadyAtmaka khAeM to kaI milatI hai jinakA vivecana pahale kiyA jA cukA hai parantu unakA kAvya kI dRSTi se mahatva sAdhAraNa hI kahA pAbamAyo vaividhyAma bAba yA saMbhyA bhI meka hai| ma kAvya kA glAvaka evaM preraka gAyikA kI iSTi aura bhI adhika mahatvapUrNa hai| madhyama kAla ke pUrva bhI mahaba kAma kI mAta mukmA prastuta karane bAlA mahala bana racanAgoM milA hai jina para isI abhyAba meM Age prakAza bAlA mAmAgharamya jaiga ramAnoM kA kA rakSAba aura vikAsa praNA karane vAle ki mAvA parikSita hai| mahA mAya lenA bhI Avazyaka pravIca hotA hai| gajakesarI prakAra se hai| jinameM izya kAvya meM mATaka aura myAgamanAtmaka mAraka kyA mila racanAeM AtI hai paDma meM jitane manya le garana adhikAra kA pradhAna hote haipaDyAtmaka vibhAga ke

Page #964
117 antargata prabandha aura muktaka hote hai aura prabandha ke mahAkAvya, meDa kAvya tyA baMdhU kAvya bheda kie jA sakte hai tathA pukta ke stotrastavana evaM subhASita hote hai par3haya kAvya kI hI mAhi gaDya kAvya pIkAvya pradhAna hotA hai para usako chanda ke baMdhana meM bAdhanA anivArya nahIM hai| da ko chor3akara ve saba kAvya ke guNa usameM do jAsakate haiN| bApana ne gaihaya ke vRstagandhi, utkalikA prAyaH aura pUrNaka tIna prakAra tathA sAhitya darpaNakAra vizvanAtha meM aktaka gaGgya aura kahakara cAra meva kiya hai| jimameM pAda mA yada ke artha jisa sanda meM milate hai use vRtagandhi, lambe lambe samAja pradhAna gadya ko utkaTikA prAyA aura hoTe choTe samasta pada ko pUrNaka aura samasta padoM ke abhAva bAle gaDhya ko pustaka nAma die gae haiN| gaDya kAvya ke kyA aura AkhyAyikA do bheda kie gae hai jaise kAdambarI ko kathA aura irSa barita ko bhAsthAyikA ke nAma se abhihita kiyA gayA hai bambU kAya mitra kAvya kA eka bheda hai| bampU kAvya ke sAtha sAtha mitra kAya ke vindha aura karambha ye do bheda aura bhI hote haiN| varNanAtmaka mitrakAvya ko campU kAvya, gadya padyAtmaka rAjstuti ko vinda aura aneka bhASA pradhAna miza bAdha ko karamyaka kahate hai| prazna hai ki pahaya aura gaddaya meM se padma ko pradhAnatA kyoM mihIkAraNoM kI vyavasthA karate hue kahA jA sA hai ki eka to pAya yAda karane yA kAraNa karane meM rahatA hotI pahana lokapriya banA hai aba usakA mana sAdhAraNa meM mahatva vyA pracAra bar3avA hai isakI upayogitA adhika rahatI hogI aura sambhavataH yahI kAraNa hai ki hamAre prAcIna badhyatAvoM aura vidvAnoM ivArA jina jina yoM kA udAharaNArtha- koSa,mamita, vaiSaka gyAnika mAmi-amana hamAre navI iii pahala pradhAna tathA kAma pradhAna hone se madhura mokA pAnI pAte haiN| mahI kAraNa hai kimArA api angner pika hai| dhIre dhIre gAya kA bhI vikAsa mA prakAzana -zIla panA: mArca 1957 2.3 /

Page #965
198 yaMtroM aura mudraka presa ne gadUma ke vikAsa meM abhUtapUrva yoga diyaa| vastutaH yaha kahA jAsakatA hai ki Saya kA vikAsa meM jitanA yoga loka bhASAoM ne diyA utanA gama ke vikAsa meM nahIM diyA aura yahI kAraNa hai ki prAdezika bhASAoM meM paDhya kI tulanA meM gaya nahIM ke barAbara kI milatA hai| hindI bhASA meM bhI maithilI ke gahaya grantha se prAcIna koI gadya racanA abhI taka nahIM upalabdha hotI hI rAjasthAnI aura jUmI gujarAtI meM isa prakAra kA gahrva sAhitya pracura mAtrA meM upalabdha huA hai ataH hindI ke gadya sAhitya kI zrIvRddhi inhIM pravezoM kA maya sAhitya karatA hai| aja, avadhI, bhojapurI, kannaujI Adi prAdezika bhASAoM meM bhI ma avazya hI likhA gayA hogaa| aisA anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai parantu saMbhavataH vaha AkramaNa kAriyoM dvArA, surakSA ThIka prakArase hone kI vyavasthA ke Abake kAraNa tathA prAkRtika vyApAtoM dvArA naSTa ho gayA hogA / adyAvadhi ina pradezoM se mana kI varNaratnAkara kI bhAMti koI bhI prati nahIM milI hai paran varSa ratnAkara ke gadUma kI sampannatA ke AdhAra para yaha sahaja hI anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai ki anya prAdezika mAtrAoM meM maya kI aisI sampanna kRtiyAM avazya huI hoMgI jo Aja anupalabdha hai| kaI vibhASAoM meM to samyakRzodha kA abhAva kI isakA kAraNa huvA hai| jo bhI ho, yaha spaSTa hai ki AdikAla kI mahaba sAhitya paramparA para prAcIna hai|my aura makAna meM bhI kama ke sa hone ke pazcAt DI madana kAvya kA mana sambhava hai yadaya kAvya rasa pevala hotA hai| yaha rAya kA popeDa viSTi udaya para doM se rahita madya racanA tama kAvya ke nAma se amita hai sAdhAraNa mama ko isameM sammilita nahIM hote kI jisase par3hane aura sunane meM yaha kA Ada yA ra vihIna kA hai| kimayA akSaH mama kAvya meM kA bhAnanda anubhUta karAne kI zakti hotI # usameM yodhanAyaka hotA hai aura sarasatA eka rasa vidyamAna rahatI hai| * devara rAjasthAnI gahana kAvya parambarAH zIrSaka zrI Arabanda nASTA kaale|

Page #966
119 ataH vahIM isI gadya kAvya kI paramparA ke itihAsa para saMkSepa meM vicAra kiyA jA rahA hai| jisa taraha madaya kA vikAsa ke sAtha hI sAtha huA pratIta hotA hai ThIka vaise hI gama kAvya kA vikAsa mI pavRkSa kAvya ke sAtha hI sAtha huA rahA hogA / kAvya kI prAcInatA bhI mana kI prAcInatA kI bhAMti hI purAna kahA nagI vido kahIM kahIM jo vara vANI milatI hai vAkya maiMne vyAtmaka aura rakha pezala padaka kI anubhUti karAne vAle milate hai| vedoM ke pazcAtu mahAbhArata meM pI rAma kAvya ko vikAsa milA aisA pratIta hotA hai| mahAbhArata ke pazcAt jaina AgamoM meM madaya kAvya ke vyavasthita udAharaNa milane lagate hai| isake pazcAtu nATakoM ko liyA jA sakatA hai| nATakoM ke madaya ne bhI kAvya ke utkarSa meM pUrI bAkI hai mA kAlidAsa bhavabhUti Adi ke nATakoM ke sumdaroM meM indara gahana kAvya ke darzana hote haiN| saMskRta grathoM meM kar3I kA dazakumAra pariya jo IsA kI hI batAbdI ke mAsapAsa meM racA gayA hai, gaDya kAvya kI utkRSTa racanA hai| subaMdhu kI vAsavadattA ko bhI nahIM bhulAyA jAsakatA / isa racanA kA pratyeka zabda hI satya tathA liba kA bejor3a nirvAha hai| vAsavadattA ke pazcAGga gama kAvya ke mahAna pitA bAnabhaTTa hai jinake prasida prantha bAbarI mora hai| kAdambarI sundara sarasa aura utkRSTa racanA hai jisameM bAma kA sArA kavi upara jAyA hai| lambe lambe kAkArika vAkyoM meM bII madhura vardhana kI sUcanA kavi me mama kAvya apetAoM ne preraNA kI thii| aura bAda ke prantha kI hI motira ma kAvyAtmaka racanA dhanapAla kI vilakjarI nahI jaaygii| cakacaiva kAdabarI kI hI kAvya kA utkRSTa grantha hai aura vizva ke kisI bhI kImA meM rahI yA sakane vAlI anUThI kRti hai| zrI Ara banekI isa makUba kAvya kI anUThI racanA ke viSaya

Page #967
920 meM likhe zrI munijimavinaya jI ke vicAroM ko uddhRta kiyA hai| gahaya kAvya ke kSetra meM gadya kAvya kI paramparA ko Age bar3hAne meM vAstava meM dhanapAla kI tilaka maMjarI me asAdhAraNa yoga diyA hai| munijI kA bhava dhanapAla ke isa prantha meM sambandha meM paryApta mahatva kA hai- samasta saMskRta sAhitya ke ananta grantha saMgraha meM bApa kI kAdambarI ke sivAya isa kyA kI tulanA meM bar3A ho sake, aisA koI dUsarA grantha nahIM hai / bAma purogAmI hai|uskii kAdambarI kI preraNA se hI vilaka maMjarI racI gaI hai para yaha nissaMdeha kahA jA sakatA hai ki dhanupAla kI pratibhA bANa se caDhatI huI na ho to utaratI huI bhI nahIM hai| ataH purogAmI jyeSTha bandhu hone para bhI guNa dharma kI apekSA donoM gadya mahAkavi samAna Asana para baiThAne ke yogya hai | ghanavAla kA jIvana bhI bAda ke hI samAna gauravazAlI rahA hai| isa kathana meM tanika bhI pratiyokti nahIM hai| tilaka maMjarI kA anumagana gaya kAvya ke kSetra meM digambara jaina kavi vAdIpasiMha ke prathama cintA ne kiyaa| isa racanA ke pazcAt lagabhaga 400 varSoM taka zrRMkhalAbaddha gadya kAvya likhe jAne kI dhArA sUkha sI gii| muktakoM ke rUpa meM gadya kAvya ke yatra tatra uddharaNa milate avazya hai para me parambarA nirvAha ke lie bhI kahe jaayeNge| 15vIM bAbUda 2 vAmana maTakA baiga pUSAta darita mama kAvya janya grantha milayA hai| padama vinyAsa, mArga sarasa balakAra yojanA kiMvA bApa ke zyamAne gara hai| bhASA sarala aura madhura hai kavi ne vivecana prayukta liyA kiyA hai| saMskRta ke pazcarag kAvya kI prAkRta bhASA meM kIM kahIM mojanA kI vinatA milatI hai| dekhane ko milI hai| inameM koMke meM bhI kAvya kA thA Ananda milatA apabhraMza meM gaima kA svakhma pUrvI hai jise madhya kAvya ke pUrvI vara jA sakatA hai| 1- kalpanA: mArca 1952101 mArca 1953 50,211 3- vahI / 4- vahI leva, vahI0 pra01 *

Page #968
929 to milatA hI hai| ina prAcIna granthoM meM gaiya jina jina rUpoM meM jaina jaisA bhI surakSita milatA hai unake uddharaNa gadya racanAoM ke isI adhyAya meM paramparA ke rUpa meM die gae haiN| ina granthoM meM sabase pramukha grantha kuvalayamAlA ke kathAnaka, prabandhacintAmaNi ke bhASA kathAnaka tathA ukti vyakti prakaraNa meM uddhRta ga hai| apabhraMza pUrNa gadya kAvya kI alaga se koI racanA abhI taka upalabdha nahIM hotI para bhaMDAroM kI zodha hone para isa prakAra kI gaddaya kAvyAtmaka kaI kRtiyoM ke milane kI AzA hai kyoMki yaha kahA ekadama bahuta kaThina hogA ki pa jaisI bhASA ke pAsa jisane utkRSTa mahA kAvya sAhitya ko die hai, gaddaya kAvya kA abhAva hai| apabhraMza ke uttara kAla meM gadya kAvya kI racanAeM milane lagatI hai| prAcIna rAjasthAnI tathA jUnI gujarAtI meM gadyakAvya ke sundara namUne upalabdha hue hai| vIM zatAbdI kA bambaI ke prinsa Apha velsa saMgrahAlaya meM sthita eka zilA lekha meM rAula ke nazila varNana meM kavi ne ut maulika sthita upamAnoM se yukta sundara gadyakAvya likhA hai / ayAvadhi Adi kAlIna hindI gadya kAvya mUlaka racanAoM meM sabase adhika prAcIna vahI racanA hai jisakA racanA kAla mA leba kAla 10vIM tAdI kA hai| isa jilA para utara laukika kAvyoM ke bhAga meM prakAza DAlA gayA hai| yaha racanA gadyakAvya kI paramparA kA prArambhikarane bAlI sabase prAcIna kRti hai| sAtha usI adhyAya meM maithilI kI racanA va ratnAkara para bhI prakAza DAlA gayA hai| ina alaina racanAoM dvArA bahuta sambhava hai gaya kAvya kI paramparAkai udabhava aura vikAsa ko dhamakAne meM sahAyatA milegii| hindI kI prAdezika nAvAjoM, ThIka pravati paramparAoM aura maukhika yA alisi racanAeM abhI chipI par3I hogI jo sambhavataH ti mAlavI kI, avadhI, braja magahI, boliyoM meM bhI sambhavataH gama kAvya tva meM isa prakAra kI aneka dhIre dhIre prakAra meM mIhI kI aura bhI racanAeM prApta ho| para isa samaya taka hindI kI ina prAdezika prAcIna rAjasthAnI yA mI gujarAtI kI kRtiyoM meM paryApta

Page #969
112 hastalikSita pratigoM keruya meM bhI isa samaya upalabdha hai| goM hindI bhASA meM gadaga kAya kI paramparA prAcIna nahIM pratIta hotI hai| hindI meM vaise gadya kI racanA hI vidvAnoM ne 17vIM zatAbdI ke maiM mAnI hai| goradanAtha kI buhA ravanAoM kA gadya meM honA milatA hai tathA usakA kAla 3vIM se .5vIM zatAbdI taka batAyA gayA hai para gorakhanAtha kI kRtiyoM kI hastalikhita ya 8vIM zatI ke pahale ke upalabdha nahIM hai|mt: yaha sthiti asaM digadha nahIM kahI jA sktii| ataH zoSa kI prApta sAmagrI ke AdhAra para allama sampradAya ke brajabhAkA prAdhoM ko hI hindI kA prAcIna gaDya grantha mAnA jAtA rahA hai parantu isa byUba kA parihAra bhI isa adhyAya meM pUrva varNita AdikAlIna hindI jaina gadya kI prAcIna racanAoM ke dvArA ho jAtA hai|ye racanAeM 4ii jabAdI se hI milane lagIta yo yadi bambaI ke usa zilA lesa kI kAmyA -tmaka gaDba ko isakA mUla udabhava kahA jAya to hindI meM maiba kI paramparA 0pI zatAbdI se hI mAnI jA sakatI hai| hindI sAhityameM 10vIM vAdI meM likhI idIma Ata (saM0 1933) gaDya kAvya kI racanA ullekhanIya hai jo bIkAnera kI anUbha skRta lAijherI maisurakSita hai| ma hindI kI prAdezika bimAko prAcIna rAjasthAnI mI zuvarAvI kI hindI jaina racanAoM meM bhaya kAya ke kAna meM mahatvapUrNa yoga diyA haitAnI prati se upalabdha . 0 kA bAlazivA anya hai| isakA sa saMskRta meM hai jisakI resa meM prasthAnI mA meM TIkA kI isa ravanA para ma zAmila ke prArambhika kAla meM isI anyAya ke pUrva pRSThoM meM vicAra kie jA cukA hai| rAjasthAnI maIya kA jinya do sapa meM upalabUta hotA hai: - - nAbAbadadAya pora-dekhie kanimala buvArA viracita raghunAtha upaka giidaaro| ripanA-cArya, 5-pe am

Page #970
123 ina donoM ke do do bheda ho gae hai: 1- puza baMdha 20 gadabaMdha badanikA ke meda hai|- padabandha 2. gaina baMdha isako rekhA citraduvArA spaSTa kyiA jA sakatA hai| - davAvata vara nikA madadadha padabaMdha gaidabaMdha vanikAva davAvata ke 'zilpa para AlocakoM ne paryApta prakAva DAlA hai| davAvana koI chanda nahIM hai jisameM mAtrAmoM varSoM tathA gamoM kA vicaaro| yaha amAnuprAsa samaya bAta rayAnuprAsa myAnamAra aura kisI prakAra mAjhA yA yamaka liyA humA maya kA prakAra ta, mAyA, phArasI gaI aura dI bhASA meM prokakaviyoM aura apArI bArA prayoga meM mAmA mA milatA haivAnika lAlIkA prema sAgara bAvi andhoM meM AyA maI ke bahAra bAnIvana bAvi bA kArasI ke anyoM meM dekhA jAtA hai vaha bAyo prakAra kI holI parvaca pika anuprasA milAyA gAvara lI gayaba mile sAmahIM milI hai| (a )IboyAmabara jisakA bhAva kArabovanako cauta bocana kI dhAba pokharAkAra ghoDAboma ke phirAba siritArikhabATa . bAbA bane, cora koSo ke pATa / / azA hAdhiyoM kA rAmAdhI pavanAtI ke tto|

Page #971
3 24 isI prakAra rAjasthAnI ke gaDhya kAvya ke racanA prakAra kcanikA ke vedoM kA adhyayana kiyA jA sakatA hai| inaracanAoM ke zilpa ke saMskRta aura rAjasthAnI ke gar3haya kAvyoM kA antara spaSTa ho jAtA hai| rAjasthAnI ke isa gadya kAvya meM taka ko bahuta hI mahatvapUrNa sthAna pradAna kiyA gayA hai| vacanikA hindI meM vivecanAtmaka TIkA ko kahate haiM jaba ki rAjasthAnI meM yaha gayA kAvya kA svasya kAmta prakAra kI racanA ke lie jAtA hai|raajsthaanii bhASA meM gaya kAvyAtmaka zailI meM kisI aarta aura vacanakA saMkaka racanAeM kyA- (1) jinalAma sUri davAveta (2) narasiMhadAsa dAsa goDarI davAvaita (3) acaladAsa bIvI kI vacanikA (4) ratanamaheza dAsottarI baniA Adi thor3I hI milatI hai| rAjasthAnI ata deha ke diggaja vidhyAcala ke bujAba, raMgaraMga citre muMDA ThaMDake banAya * mUla kI vasUla vIra baMTU ke unake bAdaloM kI janamana mere mere moro kI kIma kAla kadayU ke legara mArI kramaka kI iMsa, javAhara ke jevara dIpamAlA kI kaa| 1- vacanikA ke do prakAra hai dIva meda bacana kArA, eka pada baMdha dUjhI gada gaMdha, state eka to bArakhA pUrI bAratA meM moharA mada gaMdha vacana kA hai eka yo mADha mAtrA do pada mAvArI pada vai| sUpada gaMdha raajnii| dona gada dUrI madada bIsa TIkAkAra zrI mahadvAna kandra sAre me isake vizeSa vivaraNa meM likhA hai ki de for kI hI veda mAlUma hotI hai| itanA sA meda mAlUma hotA hai ki kAra vistRta hotI hai aura hameM boDemA meM jur3ate cale jAte hai| koMke kA dina sabhA meM bItAjI gADI rAr3I bana pAI, ima yU~ bIvI ne bItA bAI / / vanakA yaha pa revara vivAsa bane bara bharapUra dAi kimI pe upa vinaya paMcavaTI prIya rahatA rITha uThona mArga avAna pAna, bAhara bhI dina harI sIva dUsare ko ThIka kahA gayA hai:- raghunAtha rUpaka maMkusa tathA canA-vArca 1951 meM zrI nASTA jI kA leva / isa TIvI bAnI, suranaramAyA ne lohAnI jinakI parasAI, bIrA amarArI kIdhI navarI nikA:sampAdaka DA0 ela0pI0 TespITorI: prakAzakarAta ravivATika sosAiTI mevAyana prathAlaya meM racanA kI prakADita

Page #972
325 kAvya ko kahIM kahIM vAtI yA vArtika nAma se abhihita bhI kiyA gayA hai| kaI racanAeM devI devatAoM ke guNa varNana madha slokA nAma se bhI milatI hai| are ke rUpa meM fvara vaMzotparika kAvya prakAzita hai| kevara prakAza grantha meM ko yI kahA gayA hai| ger bastu rAjadhAnI ke inagahaya kAvyoM kI paramparAvAvaita aura vacanakA ke rUpa meM 20vIM zatAbdI taka pAI jAtI hai| jisameM pramukha grantha 16 iAdI kA jaisalamera se prApta puskalAnuprAsa tathA 17vIM zatAbdI kI anUdha saMskRta lAibrerI se prApta kudadIna bAbA harI bAravA 18vIM zatAbdI kI nara siMhadAsa gauDa kI davAveta tathA saM0 1772 kI jinahari davAve 18vIM zatAnI arthAt 601788 kA raknuvIra mANakRta rAjarUpaka (prakAzita) 19 zahAbudI ke prArambha meM vAcaka * fararta viracita jinakAri davAveta tathA 20vIM bAbU kA (20 1926 kA) kaviyA gopAla dvArA viracita zikhara vaMzotpatti aitihAsika gadya kAvyA jisakA dUsarA nAma yIr3hI vArtika hai isa prakAra rAjasthAnI kI gadaya kAvya paramparA avAvadhi surakSita hai| hindI meM bhI 20vIM batAbdI meM rAmakRSNa dAda kI erant na kAvya kI utkRSTa racanA kahI vA sakatI hai ThI isIlie uk vivecana meM maya kAvya kI ina rAjasthAnI zailiyoM kA paricaya diyA gayA hai| dina meM gaba kAvya kI sarvaprathama prastuta karanA gahaba kAvya ke kilpa pAyA, hotA hai| meM hI bhAvikA kA hindI jaina mana kAvya liyA gayA hai| bAdi kAla ke hindI jaina kuSTa raknA kA yahI adhyayana varNanAdi bhI iSTiyoM T 1 pRthvI bharata :: pArA meM bama kAvya ke svarUpa ko puSTa karane vAlI racanAoM meM prathvIcanda TanA hai| jaba racanA kA dUsarA nAma lekhaka ne vAvilAsa bhI diyA hai

Page #973
126 mavi racanAkAra kA kauzala, kAvya pratimA vyA varSana camatkAra ko dekhA jAya to pRthvIkanda parita lekhaka kA vidadha vAgI vilAsa hI lagatA hai kami ne pUrI racanA meM eka sundara prema kathA kA varNana kiyA hai|is kRti kA vRtta premAkhyAna mUlaka hai| kavi ne praNaya kathA ko mAdhyama banAkara apanI bahamanI pratibhA kA mundara paricaya diyA hai| kyAnaka ke sama vIrAja aura ratnarmajarI hai| pRthvIcandra carita AkhyAna ke lekhaka bhAcArya zrI mANikyAndara ra hai|.5viiN zatAbdI ke prasidha mahAkavi devara bhari ke yemAI mANikya andara cilama ke the tathA inake guru kA nAma saMbhavataH mehaM thaa| mAnikI mandara me mUla meM kavi hRdaya pAyA thaa| murijI kA jIvanavRtta abhI taka prasAda hI rahA hai| kRti meM kahIM bhI mASikya sundara mari ne apane lie kucha nahIM kahA hai . racanAkAra ne samaya, sthAna, aura kama kA koI zAsabya upalabdha nahIM bAvaDAmaka granthoM meM kAma hotA hai ki mANikya ra pUri ne guNa vA carita malabA gharI kyA saMvidhAga brata bahupa: kyA pRthvIndra parita Adi kaI andhoM kI racanA kI thii| mAToya racanA vIcandra parisa paryApta bar3I racanA hai jisameM lekhaka kA kAvyAtmaka vAvilAsa hai| ramA ta vAle prakAzita kI gAjhI, prAdhi gujarAtI vivAna kI bIbI.bAla isakA sammAna kiyA thA praya gAthA ko kavi ne missA paTavAvoM kA kara liyA hai| kyAma vistAra na hokara rakhanA meM varSa kA vistAra hI adhika hai| pratyeka varSa meM parivAnA kI ki nisarI / rabanAyAsAra: tIca mArAma pApapura nareza ayodhyA ke rAyA bomadeva aura unakI kanyA rAnI ratvAnevArI bhanupama saumbanI thii| eka bAra devadvAnoM prAganamA aura svapna meM baha ratnamaMjarI ko dekhanA pIcandra se prApta karane kI bAlA vibA ho mAra ratnamaMjarI kA svayaMvara Ayojita sAkSavIcandra ko isakI

Page #974
927 sUcanA milate hI paka vizAla senA sAtha meM lekara ratnamaMjarI ko varapa karane kI kAmanA se vahA pahuMcatA hai| usakA prema ratnamaMjarI ko bhI pighalA detA hai| pRthvIndra kI kIti, rakti se paricaya hokara vaha mI use prApta karanA cAhatI hai parantu bIca meM aneka vyavadhAna uTha khar3e hote hai| betAla apanI mAvA kailA devA hai aura ratnamaMjarI ko gAkara gAtA hai| para bIcandra ke prati usakA prema ina hotA hai|shr pRthvIcandra pI devI kI ArAdhanA karatA hai aura devI prasanna hokara use ratnamaMjarI ko prApta karAne meM pUrI sahAyatA karatI hai meM donoM ko eka dUsare kI prApti hokara pANigrahaNa kA Ananda prApta hotA hai| kyA isanI hI hai parantu kavi ne isa choTI sI praNaba gAthA ko vividha vanoM se saMbovA hai| varNana ke isa sthUla ma meM ulaka kara lekhaka ne kahIM kahIM racanA kAI naurava zithila yA kara diyA hai|khii kahIM nAma parimanana meM zakara kRti kI kyA vastu gustAne ghI lagatI hai aura kyA kA sArA DAvA kI lar3Ane lagayA hai| kahIMkahIM lekhaka ke varNana bar3e hI mAdhuktApUrNa aura parama bana par3e hai| pUrI rapamA ko kavi ne paMca unlAoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai aura pratyeka glAsa vividha mAMgoM dvArA bArA gayA hai| aba vana anuprAmA / racanA kA zubha samAna hone, mAyAlaka hone kA kiyA mAdAyaka hone meM hai|sii kI mAramA para maramana kA janmeSa karatI hai| varSoM kI mAlavA sakI kAvyAtmakkhA meM pUrva sA prApta kI hai| upamAnoM aura utprekSAoM kI aisI bara mAlA yA gilamA ma vi thA ke mAdhyama se varNana paramAra dikhaayaa| lAmA bhAratI ke bAzikalAsa kI mAnA ivArA kiyA mAlAmAra : kavidhA mana: usake mabAra para kavi mAmakArabAnilcama paarii-praabhaakaaoy.9||

Page #975
118 kI vijaya spaSTa dikhAI par3atA hai| varmana kA sAmarthI dekhie: puNya kI mahattA kA kitanA utkRSTa citra bIMcA hai: puNya lagai pRthvI pIThi prasiddha puNyalama bana vAhita siddhi, puNya lagai nirmala budica puNyalagaha para rividiya, puNya lagai zarIranIroga puNya lagai agurabhAga puNyalaga sTaMga parivAra tathA saMyoga, puthuma lagai paThANIya taraMga puNyalAi maya navAraMga, puNyalAi carigaja ghaTA, cAlatA dIvas caMdana chaTA. puNya lamas nirupama rUpa, alakSya svarUpa puNya lAi basiyA pradhAna bAbAsa, raMgamaNIlAsa, pUjaI mana cIraMbI Asa, puNyalagaha mAnaMdadAyinI mUrti ta sphUrti puNya lagai malA AhAra, baddhuta zrRMgAra puNya lagai sarvatra bahumAna, gharSa Teej aatas rates ke jJAnI racanAkAra ne aneka varmanoM dvArA apane bahumukhI hone kA paricaya diyA hai| rAjya, rAjA, kaDanIti, savIpa, bhojana, lagUna, varSA, vasaMta, vivi sAta kSetra yuddha svayaMvara, battIsa hajAra deva, nagara sabhA, prajA, nAyikA, nAyaka, svapna. saMyoga vaya, ritu prakRti saMgrAma, Ananda, hAthI ghor3A, utsava tathA zrRMgAra Adi ke vividha kAvyAtmaka aura parimavanAtmaka anuprAsIta varNana pRthvIcandra carita kI bahuta bar3I vizeSatA hai|khnaa ke varnana zilpa meM aft maithilI ke varnaratnAkara ke pada sAmya rakhI hI nIce iSTi se kucha varSa dira bAye hai unake AdhAra para prastuta madhya kAvya ke kAvya saragAmI aura patitva kA sambandhamAna banAyA jA skegaa| deva kA varSa dekhi biyANIva vihIna mAmI ravi jAgara DhokalA bane vira devi grAma mayaMka manirAma pakI nagara, svarga, dhAnya, na bhImAi sAmAnya nadI bahaI, loka kaI nirvahaI niveza, pradeza tIna dekhi paThAnapura pATana ba

Page #976
929 rAjA evaM rAjasamA varNana rAjasabhA kisI hAjINi rAjasI kuMkma jati STA dIdhI kaha vividha searlI catuSka pUriyA eI, karpUra rAnA samAtiyA chaI kRSNA garaja bAdhita parimala mahamaDaI kaI moThI uNI siri labalahaI baI phUla para pariyA cha, kaThi pramANa pAya pITha saMyukta puruSa pramANa suvarNamaya siMhAsana rAjA baiThA Thi rAjA dIva cha, mastaka zravetAtapatra chaI, pAsaI ant bAgara pavitra vAjaI vikri vAditra, masvagi yugaTa. kAni kuNDala da hArAhAra, mahAudAra dhanadA avatAra, rupatanu bhanDAra, cama indra jisa solakalA sampUrNa candra kisa kaDIyA / jisa pRthvI Thokata reates or vediondra narendra / vamakI dhArAvAhitA zabdoM kA pravAda tathA abhivyakti kI citrAtRmakatA spaSTa parilakSita hotI hai| isI kI tulanA meM nAma parigamana zailI meM likhA tatkAlIna varga ratnAkara grantha kA de varNana dekhA jA sakatA hai: phai kastu devAnAgala, toMgala, sApasili vAti tivara riyA tuluka sTA tato cAMgala pAvala dhAnuka ghovAra dhunikSA parikAra hoMya DovaTA vANi pagAra hADi DhAdi vaha cahAra bAra goSThi ganti gora--} vastutaH ina grathoM kI velI yA varNana paramparAgoM meM pavIta sAmya paricita hotA hai| prakRti varmana meM bhI donoM hI racanAkaroM ne nAma parivanA baiThI kA adhika Azraya liyA hai|kvi ne varSa kAla kA prArambha hI rAjakumArI ratnamaMjarI ke jIvana kI di kiyA: hima hai kumAri baDI mauni mari, pahirI parikAra krIr3A kara nava navI parivAra mAvi AbAda farafts aftera, kAla, nAma jIvikA madhura dhvani me gAjara dudhivi pati bhavatA yakkA vAja va divi bIjI paramI pula viparIta AkAza, ndra pUrva parivAra sumIvakumAra caTarjI dvArA sampAdika-pR0 1 prathama kallola |

Page #977
120 rAti aMdhArI lavaI timirI, uttarana unayaNa, hAyA gayaNa, diti cora, nAI mora para barasa kArAdhara, pAmIraNA pravAha balahalaha vAhi Upari velA vala-- parvata kA nIkarama vichUTaI, mariyA sarovara phUTai / 1 varSe ratnAkara kA varSa varNana dekhie: mekama, area mecakatA, vidyullatAka taraMga, kadamba saurabha vizvaraka saMcAra, dardaraka kolAhala, dhArAka saMpAta, Aditya tu chatA, pRthvI sauhitya, kartRcamaka saMbhAra, bhaubadhIka upAya, nadIka samRdhi virahIka utkaNThA, auto erraftar, vfeos, iHsaMcAra kAmya vItha vaidaivika vilamba, kandamparka premAdhika, yuvatI sauhRda evam sarvvaguNa sampUrNa varSa de| 3 varNana ke isa krama meM kathA kA pravAha bhI Age bar3hatA rahatA hai| kathA kI dhArAvAhikatA dekhie: visi ratnamaMjarI ku~ari rAjA rahaI vInatI karAvI vidA kukSiga joDavA mAvI hi sama parivAra sabhI aneka prakAri kastUrikA rikA, lIlAvatI padmAvatI caMdrAvatI-- aneka sabhI yataIvI sahati vihA bAvI pivAraet praNAma mIpajAvI utsaMga baiThI divya rUpa devI Tears mani ciMtA maThI / yaha yogya kavaNa vara, vinara, kiM vidyAcara isI bIca garezvara barobara mI dRSTi doSI isI vAlI sAthI huI bahumAna dekara rAjA svayaMvara bhI Tika paripAtika nAma kAliya divasa rAjA ke navIna pani bairA pani rAjA candra vika mAkina isI mAtA kahI bAika ma vIDiSTa devatA sAnidhya kara, sarva vizna hara -Ayuka0pU0 100 vaDA 2 varSaratnAkara: sumI vikumAra caTarjI saMpAdita 19 3- prA0kA00 pR0 101 4- vahI, pR0 103 vIkAra

Page #978
131 jivAras pRthvIcaMdra rAjA tamai kaMThi varamAlA paDI, tetalai dhUma ketu rAjA huI rIsa caDI, roseM huDa vikarAla, dhUmaketu devatA nau metra smaranai uchA liI karavAla / 1 pAMcoM ullAsoM ke varNana ullAsa pradhAna hai| prakRti kA parigaNanAtmaka svarupa varNana :. jeha aTavI mAhi mAla vAla IvAla, mAlUra kharjUra, arjuna caMdana caMpaka bakula / fafeion sahakAra kIcanAra jAMbU jaMbIra vAnIra kamavIra kIra keli kaMdama niMba nAriMga mAtIvara grAma DADimI devadAsa kula kili nAma kunnAgavallI yUthikA mAlatI mAdhavI japA maruvaka damanaka pAradi ketakI mucakuMda kuMda maMdAra maha sevamI rAjagiri) prakRti varNana ke isa sthUla svarUpa meM racanAkAra kA kAvyAtmaka vasanta varNana dRSTavya hai jahAM use pUrI prakRti haMsatI bilatI dikhAI par3atI hai| meM prakRti kA sArA vAtAvaraNa hI rAma kI indra dhanuhI kalpanAoM meM ima jAtA hai rakSAkAra ke kAvya kIla kA nivAra dekhie: timi ki vasaMta, dUra bItavaNaDa aMta, dakSiNa divi trIva vADha vAI vihasa vanarAI / -- mahariyA sahakAra, baMdhaka udAra, vela bakula amara kula saMkula, klaka kIkika bnaa|prvr priyeSu pAla, nirmala vaha vikasita ma rAtA pahAta maMtrIvAsa, kuMda mahamAI, nAma nAma zreSiditi vAsI kusuma remi, lokakhane hAvi vImAvara mAvaLa mAraM sAra muktAphaLa baNAdAra, savaga sundara nagarama pona puraMdara parigIya gavAI dAna divAra vicitra vAkika vAjaDa, ragati mA raMga arat paki vAda TApatya iMTaI, DIDoI DaoNvaI, kIlavA 3 bAdi jati sII, ki jo bhaI jIvata hogaa| racanAkAra nevarnana meM kAkAritA kI gAvA hI virodhI hai| atyAnuprAsa) arr kIvAra kA vividha udAharaNoM meM racanA kI sundaratA meM paryAp yoga diyA hai| eka hogA 1- prA 11 kA 1- vahI pR0 104 3- vahI0 pr0101|

Page #979
122 * raMgamate je ke jaMvata isvI saMbhala banate varNavI je vaMta, nadI te je nIravaMta, kaTaka te je vIravaMta, sarovara te je kamalavaMta, megha se sAvaMta, mahAtmA te je babhAvaMta, prasAda javaMta vATate je sUthavaMta, DATate je vastuta, ghATa te je suvata, bhATate je vacanavaMta maTha se je munirvata, gar3hate je abhaMga vaMta deva te je arAgavaMta, guru se je kriyAvaMta vacana he je satyavaMta, viSaya te je vinayayaMta manuSya se je dharmavaMta, jAtivaMta, pradhAna budhavaMta karate jayavaMta, rAyate je nyAyavaMda, vyavahArIya te je bhayAvaMta, dharmAte je vyAvaMta / isa pravAha vacanikA bailI kA as nirvAha uttara uddharaNa meM parilakSita hotA hai| pRthvIcandra darita kI pailI samAsa bahulA hai| aisA pratIta hotA hai mAno racanAkAra ke hRdaya meM abyasa ThUsa kara bhare hoM / zabdoM ke nirkara ko basa varNana pravAha ke lie avasara mAtra caahie| samAsa pradhAna abhivyakti kA eka udAharaNa dekhie:bIra kisa te vRSabha, nirguta dhArA gharacavala, vikasita kA samujjavala, vizAla kumuda, bandakiraNa rANI parivizada sUkSma sukumAla romarAja virAjamAna, snigdha kAMti dedIpyamAna, amaMgazyAmalAMga sundara samasta aMgopAMga vidyuduvata- paMkti zobhita, pramukha pradeza, vAvaraNa saMniveza |-km siMha pAra, manAvara kvotkapha kumAva brA, bAilAmi bhArata biyA bimika prathAvisTIna vaTA raktoSTha, DIpa vAlA vivi zarIrameya, pravara pIvara prakoSTa, kamala . kAra vayana, parAkrama patri pratyeka garbha meM bhI kavi kI upadezAta anubhava jJAna tathA viveka kI hAtha lagI huI hai|mNjrii kA maMDapa meM vimAna honA kavi kI anubhUti meM niviza udAharaNoM kA navameva karatA hai| varNana kI prAsAdikatA ullelI hai: ratnameva pAvA milI dIdivAlAmA jima lavaNa hI na ramavatI, myAnahIna harasvatI baraDita vana, jaDita bhojana, sIDa rahita pakvAna gAvarAna, ravi kavi, urahita pavi, viveda rahita gae veda rahita 1- prAcIna kAvya0 109 10 vahIM, pU0 1194

Page #980
133 ma svarga rahita parAvanalaMkA rahita rAvana vAstrarahita pAyaka, nyAyaraData nAyaka, phalarahita vRg tayorahita miva vega rahita raMgama, premaravi saMgama-vastra rahita zrRMgAra, suvarNa rahita alaMkAra -- caraNa rahita bAla, rAjya rahiva bhUpAla, staMbha rahita prAsAda, dAna rahita mAna, puSThi rakSita kRpANa / jima pAnI rahita sarovara, vima ratnamaMjarI pAva hai na zoma loka sama yatikAra, sabhA, huI niSprabhA / 1 isa taraha racanAkAra ne zastra vastra, rAjanIta, budha, zrRMgAra, vIra, saundarya, ratna svana Adi ke vividha varNana kie hai| varNanoM kI adhikatA tathA anAvazyaka vistAra se kahIM kahIMpAThaka kA mana ucaTane tathA ubane lagatA hai para kI sUrijI ne paraparAgata zailI kA pUrA nirvAha kiyA hai| kavi kA bahuvihonA usakI pratara pratimA kA paricAyaka hai|naakaar ke jAlAna kA eka udAharaNa dekhie: jima kalikAla pravRttamAni kArAvI jJAti golIyaI / kisI se jJAti zrI zrImAlI usavAla, bAceravAla, DI, puSpalAla, DIbAbA mela bhASa surAnA, chatravAla, dohila, sonI, baDavaTa, haDelavAla, poruAra, gUjara, moDha, nAgara, jAlahaTA, DAivA, kapola, jAMbU vAuDA, bAba, dakharA, karaDIyA, nAmabraDA, mevADA paTeharA, dharA, narasiMha, urA jhArala, paMcaparyaya, siTa, koDa, rokI, amaravAr3a, jivAmI, nIma pAThavA ukta nagaTU, kiyA zrImaya banI ki TAkI leTA, kirA-padamAvatI bhASA meM harAnA ra pAkA pattI vADha haratArA kAya sambaddhA virAmAta gAvenA vAlA bAkepani mAmI ka megesafe anya aneka varmana ke sAtha karatA hai mama kAvya kI isI vacanikA railI para likhI gaI isI bAta kI eka racanA aba bAbIcI rI vacanikA mInA ke lie isa bamakAlIna racanA ke eka do kAvya ke uddharaNa nIce die kA rahe hai: merA, jAti 1- prAcIna vaira kAvya saMgraha 0 116 2- vahI 0 1253- dekhie prastuta grantha kyA kAyara haukika mamava /

Page #981
134 pani pani pali para li haratI kI gaja ghaTA, tI Upari sata sAta vaha dhanaka ghara sAThA usAta sAta olipAika kI baiThI, sAta olipAka kI utthii| beTA uDana da parapharI DabakI ThAI ThAI ThararI isI eka sthASTa iDi kA diti yahI dina vAtika ninAdi ghara AkAsi bddh'dddd'ii| isA eka se yAtasAha rA kaTaka baMdha acale savara Upara TUTA, vATakA vaDa Ivana chUTA, vaha kA vAmI TUTA parata siri paitha lAgA, iTe paTa mAmA sUra sukai nahIM dei jAgA / isa prakAra aladAsa bIvIrI vavanikA meM sarvatra ka kA nirvAha nahIM milatA pa yavanikA bailI kI rAjasthAnI bhASA meM jainettara yahI sabase prAcIna racanA hai| isa prakAra ina vanAoM ke tulanAtmaka adhyayana se spaSTa hotA hai ki inake vastu varNana, vilba, thAlI meM pAyA hai|vrnaa meM maithilI va qhudA hai| katA karma aura kriyA bhI maithilI ke hai ThIka isI prakAra pRthvIcandra carita ke katI, kriyA karma Adi prAcIna rAjasthAnI ke hai| varNana paddhatiyoM tInoM racanAoM kI samAna hai| 1. samApta kiyA hai| racanAkAra meM bIca bIca meM canda saMskRta ke hai madaH kavi kA kAnsa hai|kvi ne vividha pRthvI bandra carita ko leka ne varNana kI inhIM paddhatiyoM meM 5 utlAvoM meM loka bhI die hai| isakRti meM aneka spaSTa hotA hai|puurii rakhanA bAyo vAyoM ke sapanoM choTe se yA kalApUrNa hai| kavi kI bahulatA detI hai parantu phira bhI rakSA mAn ko kAyAtmaka pravAha meM bAla kyA ko varSa viti ma kI paramparA kA samyaka vikAsa karatI hai meM lene pRthvikA meM aura dostoka bhI de ki hai sAkAra kA mAnya va kAvya prayojanaSTa kiyA hai thImAthi hariyA varSa idi madra parita pavitra puruSAne nirmita yA divAkarI yA vibhandA prAcIna kAvya saMgraha 0 1301

Page #982
935 kahanA na hogA abhyudayakAla kI gadya kAvyAtmaka lAbhoM meM pRthvIcandra carita athavA vAlA apUtapUrva yoga detI hai| dhokAdhikAra' madya kAvya kI paramparA meM 15vIM isAbdI meM pRthvIcanda carita ke pazcAta eka mahatvapUrNa racanA zokAdhikAra milI hai| yaha racanA bhI pRthvIdra carita kI bhAMti prAsababadha pailI meM racI gaI hai| racanA kI prati puni jinavijaya jI ko upalabdha huii| prati meM racanA saMvat nahIM upalabdha hotA prati kI likhAvaTa, par3I mAtrAeM ake mayale u kA prayoga Adi tathyoM se mAna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki yaha 15 zatAbdI ke uttarAya ke antima dazaka meM likhI gaI hogii|laakaar kA nAma bhI azAta 1 racanA kyA pradhAna hai| vastu mayAvadhi upalabdha racanAoM meM ekadama maulika vathA sundara hai| racanA prakAzita rUpa meM prApta hai| ika hI jaina zvetAmbara kAnphreMsa ke pramukha patra jaina zuga meM DA0 ha0cu0 bhAyANI ne ise prakAzita kiyA hai|rcnaa kI kyA vastu ke AdhAra para isakA nAmakaraNa bhI DA0 bhAyAnI meM zokAdhikAra kiyA hai jo paryApta saMgata hai|" hokAdhikAra kA kyA prasaMga bahuta hI karUna tathA saMta hai meM kyA sAra isa prakAra hai: mahAvIra ne garma meM mAlA ko mAra hai parezAna dekara mahIne apanA bAra halkA kara liyA aura karma meM bhaMga skUrama aura skuraNa gAtA ko kaSTaprada hogA vahI jAnakara ve viku sUkSma bana ge| mAM ne kaMda karadI aMga vAkI ne merA garma naSTa kara diyA hai| vaha jAna kara anya caukavilA ho gii| sAre kAkAda meM Doka kI kara vyAna ho gaI vArI sthiti bikna ho gaI mahAvIra ke ko pahuMcAne vAle isa kArya nemI ko atyadhika kaSTa de dayAvIra meM se apanI uMgalI kdd'kaaii| spandana se mAM kA zoka dUra hokara nAca ho gyaa| viSa meM racanAkI yahI kathA hai| kalpasUtra, subodha TIma dathoM meM yaha varNana vistAra se milatA hai| 3, 195809-1

Page #983
136 racanA kA prArambha hI lekhaka ne mAM nikalA ke kAvapUrNa udgAroM se kiyA hai |zokAdhikAra kI bhASA prAcIna rAjasthAnI yA bUnI gujarAtI hai| varmana prAta bailI meM hai jisakA dUsarA nAma vayanikA hai|kaavy gama kAvya kI dRSTi se starfare kA bahuta hI mahatvapUrNa sthAna hai| racanA AiyopAnta kAnta hai tathA kula 51 rAya kAvyAtmaka kar3iyoM meM samApta hotI hai|kRti meM karuNa rasa kI dhArA lekhaka ne prArambha meM hI bahAI hai: aho thA kisa prakAli utpAta, siha kisiMDa vajrapAta aho sImAharas garmi pani bila, isi kisi viDA jivizvapralaya garma ke halke ho jAne se mAM kA vilApa kAsya dana meM parivartita ho jAtA hai| mAM ko usake vastra AbhUSaNa tathA dvArA aMgAra hI kATane ko daur3atA hai vaha AbhUSaNa vastra aura zrRMgAra sabako kosane lagatI hai| varNana kI anuprAvadhatA, pravAda AlaMkArikatA tathA kAvyAtmakatA TraSTavaha hai: fta Frees reaki ye mAchaI mauDa pau pratyakSa pAuDa e DAra, sAkSAta saMhAra gAvakarI varga je valaya te isa tanA dIsaI nilayAsa apUrva paTTa DukUla 3 detA thaa| bhai sarvAgI zrRMgAra se detA saMpUrNa aMgAra fafer udAharaNa dvArA kA~va me bhI milA ke mama pavADA ko Ta kiyA hai gaya kI kAvyAtpayA use aura adhika mahitIta mIra bana banA detI hai: pAha kAraNa deviI pAliDa eka sNtaalu| yaha fafe kI kya sarovara pAThI, arti ft vAlI mAlI ni TAThI kivi pravAhI jIva koDi mAla vI i bAlI vili, magAI caMda sokiI bAra gahi nivA bihAra pAnImahala DIbajAra / kisiddhaM paI kamAyU~ bAdilAI devi meM ina bA - yrs als, 194CHT 9-2 2- vahIM, pra010 kar3I 4-8 16-19 //

Page #984
137 je IsA bahulA, se thayA kyA gIta gAna karatA gaMdharma, teha tapA gayA garva --- je hUvA paMDita te thiyA dUsa maMDita ne rAma rahaI avasya kRtya, te na dIsa kartakI nRtya | betA cAvariyA, te thayA vADhariyA / je lokAI karAvas juhAra, sevAnicalA pratihAra jaise niraMtara jIma vAvarI, te mauna kI rahiyA TAvanI je karatA nagara bhI karamavAra te bahatI rahiyA kAra meM lekhaka ne kI garma skuraNa kA punaH jJAna hone para do paktiyoM meM varNana kara racanA area kI hai: vAjivAla (IT) mAlika tabhI mRdaMga rAjabhavana mAha saMpUrNa Ananda isa prakAra va zAdI meM mahaba kAvya janma ukta racanAe~ upala bhASA kI dRSTi se paryApta mahatvapUrNa hai aura gadya meM naye sopAna prastuta karatI myUjiyama hai |10viiN zatAbdI ke bambaI ke priMsa Apha velsa ke zilAlekha ke hRdaya kI bhASA mI paryApta gadya kAvyAtmaka hai| ataH gadaya kAvya kAudgama 10vIM padmAbdI se hI mAnA jAtA hai zAdI ke pazcAt to isa dhArA meM aneka praur3ha rAjasthAnI bhASA meM kRtiyAM upalabdha hone patI hai| mataH Upara hamane bAkI artfeerein age eveAvoM kI kAvya cukavanikA kI meM prAdezika bhAgoM meM ratnAkara kI bhI ho kAvya kI udbhAvaka evaM preraka pravRttiyoM para prakAza DAlA hai adyAvadhi ga cIna mAne hI upalabdha hotI hai| vividha hone para bahuta saMbhava hai ki varSa anya kI preraka aura anUThI racanAeM upalabdha hoN| khAna ke bhaMDAra hara baMda par3e hai|atH zodha kI vartamAna sva- vaDI, pakti 11-27 3- vahI paMkti 32-34 / 4- dekhie prastuta graMtha adhyAya 5 kA jainevara (laukika) 3- nahI maya pAga /

Page #985
138 sthiti meM prApta ukta mahaba kAvya taka racamAnoM kA hI viSaya prastuta kiyA gayA hai| 10 vidha viSayaka maya pAhilyA mAdikAla ke hindI jaina sAhitya meM gava kAvya mUlaka racanAgoM atirikta itara viSaya kI racanAeM bhI upalabdha hotI hai| yaSi ina racanAoM kI bhASA isanI adhika sakSata aura pravAhapUrNa nahIM hai phira bhItulanAtmaka dRSTi deviyana karane para maDya sAhitya kA bakAlIna vaividhya spaSTa ho jAtA hai|vissy kI iSTima ranAmoM meM paryApta vaibhinya hai koI bAta bailI meM hai, to koI vanikA jailI meN| kA cAraNa kI to kucha jaina zailI kI cilI meM jisa prakAra antaraparilakSita hotA hai ThIka vaise hI isake va vivAda bhI H racanAeM gaNita kI milatI hai to kura gyo vikAsa hai, kucha zAstra kI hai to kuhAra mIDiyA rAnI kii|is prakAra vividha vastu viSayaka aneka ramA upAya hogA bhAgora, meraTha, baDIta,sahAramapura, dillI, makarangara,Adi sthAnoM ke jaima bhaMDAroM kI samyak rodha hone para bhAza kI jAtI hai ki inase nevara viSayoM para lipI batkAlIna neka gaDya racanA upalabdha hoN| vAtAvalI sI kaI isa kAla meM milane vAlI pati kI ramAnoM kI pAka mahI pariva sA pAnAmasalima purAna bATa ma nAma (miyaramenTa) kadhI mana mI niyoM kI varSaka pati zAniyA minI mAnA ho kami hai, parana isa mana ko zAnise kA kA viSaya eka miita ta a r" N EET mA bhiTI hai, unameM pramukha nimnAsti *nte wodha kAvyagIgAvarAvAhiti prati vibhAga) rabI mNddaar|

Page #986
129 visAra kI mUlaracanA saMskRta meM huii| racanAkAra rAjakIrti mizra hai jinhoMne 01449 meM jADilapura (pATaNa) meM isakI racanA kii| phira rAjasthAnI meM isa para TIkA kI gii| TIkAkAra zrI zrIdhara hai| prastuta racanA kA viSaya gaNita ke kucha siddhAntoM ke AdhArapara kucha sikkoM kA paricaya diyA gayA hai| sAtha gUrjara pradeza ke boloM aura nAmoM ke upakaraNoM tathA upAdAnoM kA bhI mahatvapUrNa vizleSaNa hai udAharaNa vaiviSa: kiyA ja paramezvara kA vikpha maMgala pArvatI hRdaya ramanu vizvanAthu / far vizvanIya jAki usu namaskAra karI | bAlabodhanArtha are manIti ajJAna vIra bhavabodha jANikA artha, alIya bakSa vRddha zrIdharAcA gaNi prakTIvRddha isI prakAra eka udAharaNa gaNita ca vivikA mAlavabodha kA dekhA jA sakatA vaha racanA saM0 1475 kI hai| mUla prati bIkAnera vanAkAra ne isake saMskRta rUpa kI TIkA prastuta kI hai sAtha hI sAtha bIca bIca meM saMskRta ke zloka bhI de die hai| isameM dinamAsa varSoM, parvoM Adi ko jAnane ke A art unako nikAlane ke lie vividha prakAra kI gaNitavijJAna kI paddhatiyoMkA after far gA : makara saMkrAti thakI pasna vA dina patra kI vimA kvii| maNDa pamarasa- imIvara mA~hi pATIla bATha bhIma bIjada dina mAna khabhai / mAraka iSTi se dekhane para ina racanAvoM kI mAyA maiM bhI retofee hotA haivividha viSayoM ke dAnevAlI jharanAma maiM eka prasidha racanA bainI lAyabodha milI hai| maharacanA aneka nAmoM aura padArthoM kA koSa meM vividha nAmoM drayoM aura padmArthI kA bRhat paricama . 10. yathA bIkAnera (svaliti vibhAga)

Page #987
diyA gayA hai| belI bAhAvabodha kI eka udAharaNa dekhie-: Atura kumAra mAhIM vindra kesA eka babarendra bIbU balendra nAma kumAra mArI vidrA parata bIca pUtAnaMda muvarSakumAra nAhI ni indra mehA bezu deva 1 bAtI vidyuta bhAra nAhIM vindrakA harika 1 hariyAra basnusaH ina vividha viSayako gaDya ramAnoM ke hindI vaina maDna sAhitya ke vikAsa kama ke sopAna nidhArita kie jA sakate hai ina racanAmoM meM pahala kI hI mAti vaividhya milabAra prakAra ukta vivecana meM AdhikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya kI upalabdha mahaba racanAmoM ke vikAsa kAla kI lagabhaga sabhI dhArAoM kA AlocanAtmaka paricaya diyA gayA bAnAyaka vivecana karane kA bhI nAzika prayAsa kiyA gayA ki na galata paramparA kA hI itihAsa hai| 1- amanacAlaya bIkAnera samiti vinA -

Page #988
tRtIya bhAga

Page #989
kaccha mAvikAlIna hindI baina zAmitya kI kyA - paramparA (Cyces ) aura kyA-kariyAM (mottin)| -

Page #990
942 AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya kI kyA paraMparAeM aura kathA kar3iyAM AdikAla ke hindI jaina sAhitya kI ina navIna upalaciyoM kA mUlyAMkana karane para yaha saralatA se jJAta ho jAtA hai ki ve kRtiyA~ aneka prakAra se racI jAtI rahI hai aura inake mUla meM kaI tatvoM kA yoga hai| racanAoM ke sRjana ke isa krama meM dhyAna se anuzIlana karane para eka nizcita paraMparA ke darzana hote hai| tatkAlIna sthitiyoM meM, lebana paddhati ne jaina sAdhuoM ke avyAhata adhyayana aura upadezoM ne vathA janatA kI dharma prANa kavi ne milakara hI ina racanAoM ke sUjana meM paraMparA banakara yoga diyA hogA / mATha vijJAna meM jisa prakAra eka hI prati kI vibhinna vibhinna vAtAeM pravAsAeM vibhinna sthAnoM tathA kendroM meM mila jAtI hai ThIka usI prakAra jaina racanAoM ke nirmANa meM paraMparA ko puSTa karane vAlI aneka parivAhiyAM hai| adhyayana, upadeza, lekhana, ajaina granthoM kA parizIlana, lekhana kalA jaina zramaNa saMskRti, bhaMDAroM kI vyavasthA aura sthApanA Adi kAraNoM se jaina kaviyoM me lekhana paraMparA ko prAbhAnvita kiyaa| isa paraMparA krama meM itanA jora pakar3A ki kwd upaladha kRtiyoM meM ikkA vaividhya pUrNa bAgavAra vivAI par3ane lgaa| yo paraMparA kA prArambha se lekara mAge taka niraMtara bar3hane mrat feat jeer fazeSa se liyA jAtA hai parantu yahI paramparA bada se pratiyoM para prakAra DAlA jA rahA hai usakA mUla paraMparA khuda se thor3A iTakara rAma kI kathAtmaka sthiti kama isa vyAtmakatA meM mI ekA savai vimAna rahatI hai| 200 hindI kAvyoM meM aneka tathA kRtiyAM milatI hai, jinameM vikAsa aura vana maahai| parantu ina racanAoM meM se bhI syAtva ke vikAsa ke lie hI tithI gaI kI aura kyA pUrvI kI dhArA kisI nizcita paraMparA janmA (CYCLIC ORDER ) kI tibalatI rahatI hai| gataH paraMparA se kRti sa kA hai| kA nikhara

Page #991
143 yaha tAtparya niraMtara kathAtmaka krama athavA (CycLIC ) sthiti se hai| * athavA anya koI, paraMparA kA sambandha kRti kI kathAtmakatA se sadaiva rahatA hai| binA kisI nizcita paraMparA aura krama ke koI bhI racanA kathA kA samyaka vikAsa nahIM kara sktii| kathA ke isa viSaya meM varSa kI aneka sUtroM kA aneka ghaTanAoM kA tathA aneka ku kA parivaIca karate haiN| ataH kathA tatva ke sAtha ina nirantara parivartita hone vAlI kathA paramparAoM (CYCLES ) se gaharA saMbaMdha hotA hai| kathA tatvoM maiM vibhinna paramparAoM (CycLEs ) kA yaha krama hameM prAkRta ke kathA kAvyoM se prArambha Thokara purAnI hindI kI aneka racanAoM meM upalabdha ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra ye paraMparA (CycLES ) kathAtmakatA se gaharA sakatI hai| yaha bhI bahuta sambhava hai ki kisI parivartana vizeSa ke kAraNa hI ina paraMparA kA fare ho jAtA hogA athavA varNana krama meM vaividhya prastuta karane ke lie hI vividha rUpoM meM inameM kathA ko bolA jAtA hogaa| athavA yaha ghaTanAoM meM vaividhya tathA maulikatA prastuta karane ke kAraNa bana jAtI hogii| bhAvikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya kI ina racanAoM kA siMhAvalokana karane para hameM anekoM kathAkRtiyA~ mila jAtI hai| jaina kaviyoM meM adhikatara vi mI kAvya liye hai unameM adhikAra yA kAvya hai| isa kAvyoM ko yA to kisI drive yA mahama athavA vakA kA kyA kisI dhIrodayA nAyaka kI kaviyoM ne apanA viSaya banAyA hai| vastutaH jisame kAvya upalabdha hue hai kA unameM kucha hI kAvya aise kahe jA sakate haiM ki jinameM matimatA athavA maulikatA ho / yo sAmAnyataH adhikAra vanAoM kA bastu nivaya, vivecana hotA hai| vana kA yaha krama bhI kisI prAcIna are sire paraMparA ko lekara hai para isa paraMparAoM ke adhika yoga nahIM malayAnimiti tathA vividhatA se pUrNa kathAtmaka rAnI meM ina paraMparA (CycLES ) ke vizeSa pike darzana hote haiN| bana bAtI hai isake sambandha meM bahuta vRr3hatA se to nahIM kahA jAsakatA varantu cAhe kAvya ho athavA varita pradhAna racanA +

Page #992
yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki kRtiyoM meM vaividhya kavaDala, pIlikatA aura jIvaTa kA samAveza karane ke kAraNa hI ye paraMparAe (cycus ) bana jAtI rahatI hogii| athavA yaha bhI kaha sakate hai ki varSana belI racanA prakAra tathA chaMda Adi kI dRSTi ke bhI kavigaNa jAna bAra bA ko dUsare baiMgase ramamA cAhate hog| ata: racanA zrama tathA barSana pahatiyoM meM maulitA prastuta karane ke vikAra kI isa yAtmaka paraMparAoM (eyenes ) kA biguvana karAvA / yaha bhI sambhava hai ki vaivijaya ke kAraNa inakIkAtmakatA kacikara pratIta hotI ho| mastu eka hI viSaya para jaba aneka racanA rakhI jAtI hai, athavA ekahI thA ko jaba vibhinna vibhinna rUpoM meM DAlA jAtA hai varSamAna, bastu saMyojana aura kyA zilpa meM vividha paraMparAoM (eyenes ) kA janma ho jAtA hai| mADikAla kI ina hindI jaina kRtriyoM meM aneka banAeM sInimeM kyA eka, mAkka vahI hai, kyA vastu ke vibhinna tatva bhI bahI hai parantu ramakI barmana paraMparA (Cycles ) vaividhya se paripUrNa hai ataH aisI sthiti yA meM eka niyamitavA, parivartana vividhatA tathA maulikatA kA homA bhAvavata kI viSaya para yA aneka prakAra ke vibhinna kAvya mAyA vA banya pArita nyAya mAvi vinAoM kI bAviyA ra mInA banA dekhI sthiti meM kyA paraMparA (Acts )mavAvI samTi ina kamiyoM kI bApa (Cycles ) madhyana karanA pikara yA mAvasyaka mAniyoM kI magAma para aneka nAmoM bAhI nakAra matte yaha hotA hai ki unameM nAgarI mAranA kA parantu isake bhUna meM jina AvazAlI loga pAnI ina kSiyoM kI vibhinna kyA pA (Acus | paraMparA (Yes kI vikA para manamo diI jAne vAlI racanAoM aura unake nirmANa yoga detI hai|

Page #993
945 varSana zipa kI isa pravRtti se phalata: aneka kyAmaka paraMparAeM bana jAtI hogii| ina cycles yA kyA paraMparAoM ke banane ke aneka kAraNa ho sakate hai unameM se kucha nimnAkita hai: pratyeka kavi apane bhinna bhinna dRSTikoNa se kisI vastu ko dekhatA hai| pratyeka vyakti kA bhinna bhinna adhyayana aura dRSTikoSa hone se eka hI vastu vibhinna pastikI minna bhinna prakAra kI pratikriyA karatI hai : pratyeka kAvya ke nAyaka ke jIvana ko vibhinna sama raMga dekara vibhinna AkRti meM galanA pratyeka kavi mA lekhaka kI apanI vizeSatA hotI hai| racanA meM isa dRSTikoNa ko kavi kI apanI maulikatA kahA jA sakatA hai|tH pratyeka kavi kI isa mAsika pratikriyA meM vaividhya aura vaipinna honA svAbhAvika hai| ataH pratyeka kAvya ke mana meM kavi ke vyaktitva kA (Personality an Liltraine ) kA paryAya mahatva hai| pratyeka vyaktitva ghaTanAoM kI paraMparAoM ke nirmANa sthA unameM vaividhya prastuta karane ke lie bhI uttaradAyI hai| maulikatA bhI ghaTanA paraMparAoM ke nirmANa meM yoga detI hai kavi athavA se kisI pUrva prabalita kisI parinAmaka, athavA kisI anyathA ko lekara usameM thA bhanna parivartana kA vidhavA yA ge karatA hai| isa rAcinUna aka pravIna paTanAvoM kI paraMparA gagana paukivA divasa paraMparA kI paraMparAvoM (cycles , ko mitI ramtImA boyA kA svala yA thA awar gas kI vidhi kyA zrI paTanAyo, pariNoM yA praya gAyoM liyA bi prakAra kA varNana ma pracA rAriyana isa muvidha paraMparA me EiR (eyelc order) ghaTanAoM ke vikAsa rAnA sthAna banAtA samIra isa prakAra aneka Trurwanaa paraMparAyo bAna paraMparAyoM kI kar3iyA lagatI hai|

Page #994
146 vAtAvaraNa aura janasamAja bhI kathA paraMparA krama meM sahAyaka hotA hai| kabhI kabhI eka hI vyakti para banI kathA paraMparAyeM anuna tibaddhatA ke kAraNa apanA rUpa badalatI rahatI hai tathA jitanI usa para navIna racanAeM likhI jAtI hai unameM ki antara ke sAtha mUla kathA avazya usI prAcIna paraMparAoM (cycles > para AdhArita hotI hai| kaI bAra ye kathAyeM aura paraMparA meM vibhinna prakSepoM arr vibhinna yoM meM parivartita huI milatI hai| yadyapi ina paraMparAoM meM yaha parivartana samasAmayika hotA thA aura mUla kathA unhIM kathA sUtroM para AdhArita hotI thI / jo bhI ho, ina kathA paraMparAoM (cycles ) meM nirmANa kisa taraha hotA rahatA hai, inameM parivartana kaise hote haiM, kyAkrama kina ghaTanAoM evaM sUtroM meM ulajhA rahatA hai tathA vibhinna kAla meM navIna navIna rUpoM meM ve kathAeM kisa prakAra bhAtI rahatI hai, Adi sabhI bAtoM ke sambandha meM bahuta nizcaya pUrvaka kucha nahIM kahA jA sktaa| hI saMbhAbya sthiti para vicAra karane ke lie hI kyA paraMparAoM (cyels ) ke sambandha meM hone vAle saMbaMdhoM ko spaSTa karane ke lie ukta kAraNoM para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| upaladha pramukha kathAeM aura ghaTanAeM: kAla ke isa grAhitya meM ayAvadhi upalabudha jitane kAvya hai athavA kyA kRtiyAM hai ve do prakAra kI hai unakI 1- vari pradhAna, aura - paTanA pradhAna meM bATa saka 1 eft pradhAna dillI ramAeM haiM unameM sabase adhika racanAeM jina mahA para kisI gaI hai unameM se pradhAna tathA pramudadIna hai: 1- neminAtha svAmI 1 kima

Page #995
117 itanI tInoM mahApuruSoM ko nAyaka banAkara liye gae kAvyoM kI paraMparA prAkRta se hI calI jA rahI hai| jina para anyatra prakAza DAlA gayA hai| patra meM bhI thor3e bahuta parivartana ke sAtha ve svIkAra kara lI gaI hai| purAnI hindI meM Akara inakA anuzIlana karane para aisA pratIta hotA hai ki ina kRtiyoM kI kucha paraMparA (eyetes ) bana gaI hai, jinapara ve racanAeM AdhArita hai aura vana kI ina vividhatAoM ne isa kathA paraMparA krama ko kahIM bhI vidhi nahIM hone diyA hai| ina ukta tIna nAyakoM ko lakSya kara jaina kaviyoM ne zrRMgAra, karaNa aura nirveda pradhAna aneka rAsa kA prabandha carita Adi aneka kAvya race haiN| isa kathana kA tAtparya yaha nahIM hai ki inase itara viSayoM para jaina kaviyoM ne usa samaya kucha likhA hI nahIM aura kyA paraMparAeM (eyels ) banI hI nhiiN| aise aneka jaina kAvya mila jAte haiM jinake caritanAyaka vibhinna hai jaise pradyumna gariva, vAlmivarAya, jinadatta bajthai, parataizvara bAhubalI rAsa, paMka pAnDava carita rAkha, viDyA vilAsa pavAr3I jAdi / parantu bausatana neminAtha, jaMbU svAmI aura sthUlipa para likhI racanAeM asaMkhya hai| neminAtha jaMbUsvAmI tathA sthamiha tInoM kA jIvana prArambha meM zrRMgAra kA sAthI rahA hai| gAH ina para liye kAvyoM kI paraMparA nahI dIvAnI hai| ghaTanA pradhAna raMjanAoM meM anya kaI ramAeM bAtI hai| jinameM ra hotA to hai para jinake vastu saMyojana meM ghaTanAoM kA vizeSa vamatkAra hotA hai| farera wee, prasanna parita, satyapujI, cainavAlA rAma, subhadrAsI, baTara, gAya jAdi aneka aise kAma hai|in raktAvoM meM kyA kI paraMparA (eyeles } krama saMmabhaga vahI hai parantu phira bhI kavi ne ki viSaya parivartana karake inameM mor3A kA vara prastuta kara diyA hai| ataH sArI racanA ke pAraMparika va jaya (eyeles maiM bhI thor3A antara vA gayA hai| isa kAvAyaka hai parantu ise saralatA se banA jA sakatA hai| kRtiya sthAna hI varNana vA vividha upadeza aura dhArmikatA " " yA viSayoM para bhI rakhI gaI hai kaI AdhyAtmika kAvya bhI hai kaI

Page #996
bhArahamAse bhI hai| udAharaNArtha revaMtagirirAma, samarArAsa, ANaMdo, tathA gItastotra aura svabana aadi| ina racanAoM meM bhI varNana kI kaI paraMparAe (cycles ) hai jo inameM adyAvadhi prANa phUMkatI rahatI hai| kyA kI ina lekhana paraMparAoM ( cycles , kI sthitiyoM ko samajhAne ke lie hameM ukta racanAoM meM se kucha kA anuzIlana karanA pdd'egaa| ina paraMparAoM kI sabo mahatvapUrNa bAta yahI hai ki kyA kAraNa hai ki eka hI vyakti para thAma (cyclic order ) meM aneka kAvya line gae, jinake nAma, vastusaMyojana Adi eka dama bhinna rako gae hai, parantu jinakA kyA krama vahI purAsana hai| udAharaNArtha neminAtha catuSpadika, naiminAtha phAga neminAtha rAba, naimirAsa, naibhivarita,sthatimA rAsa, sthalibhadra phAga sthalipanavarita banda svAmI kAga, svAmI kA rAra, caMbUsvAmI arita thA bambasvAmI ko vivaahlo| eka hI jIvana carita ko nAka banAkara vibhinna nAmoM se usI kyA kA nAmakarama kavi ne alaga alaga kyoM kinA hai, sAtha hI jaba ina RtiyoM meM kathA paramparA samAna hai jaba kaviyoM ne inakA nAmakaraNa vibhinna vibhinna kyoM rkhaa| prAna bAbA kI sgaa| para mArA pAne para ra spaSTa ho gaye hai| varanA kaviyoM ne isa mAzyoM ko sAbalya rassA usane varmana krama meM paraMparAyoM kA bApama bAkara koI kAma nahIM sakA hai| varSana paraMparAno tereles ) kA sara vibhinna mApAvAlI kucha nimnA kisa kaviyoM kI tulanA sambhava svasTa ho - aura kA: rAsa aura ju ka ramamA upAya hotI hai| eka hI parita mAyaka para kAramA rAja mAna milI hai yA usI varita mA para likhI ramAe / mahAni racanAoM meM kyA sUtra ko bahI hotaa| pa mtarna vibhinna nAmoM se likhI jAne vAlI sonAkarima vyakti yA usakA apanA manovAMchita parivartana

Page #997
bhI hotA hai| udAharapA neminAtha rAsa (saM. 1990) kA upalabdha hotA hai| aura paima jinapaima tathA manudhara tInoM kaviyoM ke neminAtha para likhe hue bheminAtha kA milate hai| yahI nahIM, rAsa aura kAya ke atirikta usI parita nAyaka para likhI anya kaI racanAeM yathA bampadikA, prabandha carita, Adi bhI mila jAve hai| ina racanAoM meM mUla kyA maiM carita nAka hotA hai lekina kavi inake nAmakaraNa meM racanA ke zilpa ke AdhAra para Azika antara karadete hai| isa Azika mandara ko samajhanA sambhava nahIM, to kaThina avazyaka hai| udAharaNArtha rAma aura pAe meM jo kyA paraMparAe hai unameM isa Avita antara ko samajhanA hogaa| rAma geya myaka hotA hai jabaki kAya mano vinoda pradhAna ullAsa gAna yadi kavi ko neminAtha ke carita ko geya saka ke rUpa meM prastuta karanA ibA, to usa racanA kA nAmakaraNa rAsa kara diyaa| yadi use neminAtha kA gIta uslAma pradhAna mAna karanA mAho mAmakaraNa kA kara diyA sAtha hI rAsa meM rAsa sanda kI pradhAnatA hotI hai aura bhAga meM kAya chanda kii| eka kavi carita nAyaka kA carita prastuta kara sakatA hai dUsarA madhumAsa kA unlAsa pradhAna mAdaka gIta hotA hai| paka kI kathA meM vistAra hotA 1 phAgu mAla kAvya hone se vicAra aura varNanAlA mI miyA hote hai| usakI sabA aneka paTamAinoM mArA ki rabI aura gAne paTanAgoM kA vistAra, tAla bAdhika mAroha avaroha nahIM rahane / sAmAnyataH eka hI pati ko lekara vibhinna nAmoM likhI gaI ina racanAoM kI yAdI bAra hotA hai| udAharaNArtha paMcavAba parita rADa (bhiri . 40) aura bAbA ( 15.. masAja kavi ) racanAmoM kI ghaTanA paDavoM ke carita kI aneka sthAnoM ko choDakara bhAgaba pi me komala banAkara prastuta kiyA hai| ra bAla vistArapUrvamA parvadUsare meM vista / donoM meM bhI vibhinna hai| bAga kAma meM vistRta racanAmoM meM adhika lagane ke kAlIma diyA usa bhAva meba racanAmoM kA pUjana kiyA ho| pAyI

Page #998
950 kyoM ki eka hI zalAkA puruSa ko aneka kavi apane kAvya kA viSaya banAte the| ataH viSaya meM maulikatA prastuta kara jana samAja kA dhyAna apanI ora AkarSita karane ke lie hI kavi ne vistava ghaTanAoM kA javana na kara peTI ghaTanA aura vibhinna nAma ko etadartha cunA ho| isa taraha varNana ke isI krama meM aneka kyA paraMparAeM dhIre dhIre banatI gaI hogii| ge paraMparAeM ( cycles ) kevala kathA ke rUpa meM hI nahIM milatI, varNanAma aura kalA pa bhI hotI hai| varSana ke isa avyAhata ma (arche order ) kathA ke daraboM kA darzana, rUda, vilpa, tathA sA kI railI meM bhI mila jAtA hai| kaI racanAeM viSaya pradhAna prNpraabhoN| (orales banAne aura parivartita hone meM yoga detI hai| kaI khanAeM do ke kSetra meM vibhinna under prastuta karatI hai jo kaI boM tathA alI kSetra meM / kthA ke kSetra meM ghaTanAgoM ke kautUhala mI ina sthAnoM kI paraMparAgoM kA nirmANa karate hai aura yahI kAraNa hai ki eka hI nAyaka ko AdhAra mAna kara aneka prakAra kI vividha racanAeM mila jAtI hai, jo kyA paraMparAoM, varNana paraMparAoM tathA anya kalAtmaka paraMparAoM meM vibhinna sopAna sthApita karatI rahatI hai| nissaMdeha bhAvikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya kI na paraMparAoM (yde . madhyayana mahatvapUrNa prabandha aura bArita rAja aura gAyu atirikA vibhinna carita nAyakoM para lipI I aneka samAra-prabandha, pati aura bahumyAyikA ga mA ka milatI hai| meramAra mI yA paraMparako kAraNa hI vaividhya prastuta karatI dAraNA pararavara bAkI saba aura paravara pAhubalI prabandha, meminAvarAsa, meminAtha gati, pinAya vivAko sthAniya baDhapaDa, peratezvara bAibalI bhora aura paramapara gAlI parita, aura sthamida phAgu- svAmI rita, maMnyApI vivAho. meminAtha Agu aura naimiAvara barita kAzu maMtha, abhimAna aura meminAtha bArahamAsA- Adi aneka racamAnoM ko liyA jAsakatA hai|

Page #999
151 ina racanAoM ke vilpa para vicAra karane para vaha spaSTatA se kahA jA sakatA hai ki inake nAma meM jo kaviyoM ne vaividhya prastuta kiyA hai usake mUla meM avazya hI koI dRSTi vizeSa hogii| vAstava meM gambhIratA se anuzIlana karane para yaha kahA A sakatA hai ki ina racanAoM ke varNana ke mUla meM nizcita paraMparAeM (cycle ) banI huI hai jinakA udbhava prAkRta se hI calA AtA hai| hI yaha dekhA gayA hai ki kahIM kahIM kavi ne varNanakrama paraMparAoM meM navInatA prastuta kara naI davAoM kI sRSTi kI hai| yoM to pratyeka racanA ke mUla meM kathA aura carita ho rahatA hI hai aura yadi usameM susaMbadadha balA mUlaka vicAradhArA huI, to vaha eka prabaMdha bhI ho jAtI hai parantu eka hI carita ko lekara jaba usa para vibhinna racanAeM likhI jAtI hai taba unameM kaI paraMparAoM kA AdhAra hotA hai, kaI naI paramparAoM kA sRjana hotA hai tathA kaI anya mAsika antara bhI hote hai udAharaNArtha mahA ukta racanAoM ke sAmAnya antara kA spaSTIkaraNa kiyA jA sakatA hai| varNana ke ina kapa meM bhI eka nizcita saMkrAMti ke darzana hote haiN| kaI sthAnoM para to varNana maiM mI vibhinna purAuna dRSTiyoM ko chor3akara naI paraMparAoMoM ko apanAyA gayA hai yaha bhI sambhava hai ki eka hI carita nAyaka para likhI huIdo racanAoM kA alaga nAma kara sAmAnya janatA ke lie varadAna svasya samate hoge| usa naya eka hI prakAra kI racanAoM se agavAdhA ko bhI hotI hogii| pahale usameM bisvAra carita, kathA, tyA yAtva mAdi sabhI bIjoM meM naye varNanakrama aura paraMparAoM kI bhAyojanA mila jAtI hai| eka hI vyakti para kisI huI vibhinna racanAvoM meM vibhinna paraMparA me ke banane ke lie ukta kRtiyoM para meM vicAra kiyA jAsakatA hai prabandha aura efta kAvya meM vistAra bhaya samAna hotA hai, dono kAvya breDa kAvya hai upara uThakara nahA kAvya kI sImAoM kA svaI karate hai parantu inakI paTanA aura kyA paraMparAoM meM asara bhI hotA hai| kavi kA abhISTa hotA hai udAharavAI neminAtha kA aura naimizvara carita carita nAyaka mAnakara gaMdha, naininAtha vivAhalo Adi racanAeM naiminAtha ko

Page #1000
mI vibhinna nAmoM meM prastuta kI gaI hai|isii taraha jaMbUsvAmI aura sthalibhara sambandhI vibhinna nAma sanaka racanAoM para bhI vicAra kiyA jA sakatA hai|in parivartanoM ke mUla va vana paraMparAeM aura kyAnanya maulikatA tathA nabImatA avazya hotI hai| ye kavi paraMparA kA nivAsa pI prama ke sAtha kase hai| udAharaNArtha jaMbU svAmI rAsa geya rUpaka hai, to caMdra svAmI kAgu gaiba mamAsamIna, tathA sthAnI vivAhako eka vivAha sambandhI kyA kAma hai| badapi isa rakSA koI viziSTavaipinya parilakSita nahIM hotA, tathApi vivAha ki bhUlaka varSoM tathA paritamUlaka paraMparAmoM kA yathA sambhava nivADa kavi ne prabalita paraMparAoM ke kAraNa hI kiyA hai| vivAha ke choTe moTe kAvya hai, inameM kavi davAA pratipAdita ghaTanA bAlya nahIM hotA, barikha mAbhyAna inameM pUrA na hokara batkAlIna pracAlita haDiyo prathA paramparAgoM ke AdhAra para kiyA gayA vivAha kA saMkSipta varNana hai|ismeN pArita aura prabandha kAvyoM kA vistAra nahIM hogaa| sAtha hI pratyeka kavi apanI lekhana paraMparA ko sAta ranA cAhatA hai. usa paraMparA kA samyaka nibAha usakA kartavya hai| mana:ina lekhana paraMparAoM kI sImA dhAmA bhI baha vibhinna nAmoM se gavya pUjana kara janatA meM loka priyatA utpanna karatA mona karane ke mUla mAmI bAba sahI hogI ki kisa pragara samaya rakhanA nArA mAtAkobAra parisa donoM paricaya karAyA jAnA aura yahI kAlaki svAmI kA rAsa, maMdasvAmI kA kA khAmiyAko ka lara kI garI ramAoM paraMparA mAna bibAdita karatA hai| vAmagAra parimAnoM kA prazna hai ina nAmoM ra paTavArA mahIpati aura prama donoM hI eka hI pUlAvogAva thA, kAvya, yA pASA jailI paraMparA pa nna ghaTanAoM meM anDara mila pAtA hai| mANIkarabhIma ramAoM mavIna paraMparA nirmita dI / yo prabandha mUlaka parita kyA likhane kI paramparA ko prAyo M

Page #1001
milane lagatI hai parantu racanAoM meM maulika ghaTanAeM prastuta kara una naI paraMparAyoM ivArA puSTa karanA vana paraMparA meM nayA adhyaya jor3anA hai| mastu praya aura parita kAma kyA rAma aura phAya prathA vivAilo bhAdi kAvyoM meM kyA sUtra anyaparaMparAe ho milatI hai parantu ghaTanAmoM kI vividhatA, tADa mUlaka varNana ma tathA maulika sUjana ke lie kahIM chada parivartana kara dekhA hai to kahIM ThI gava paraMparAnoM kI ora bAsara hai| tAki unameM varNana kama meM eka piyA piTApana ma rahakara maulikatA nA jAgA yaha paraMparA varNana prathA kyA kI prAcIna aura pisI piTI paraMparAyoM meM eka Adolana prastuta karatI hai|prntu itanA saba kucha hote hue bhI baha varSana kama meM prAcIna paraMparAoM kA pUrNataH nivAha bhI karatI hai| arthAt kavi eka hI vyakti para tisI aneka racanAoM ke kAraNa banI 'vibhinna paraMparAgoM kI upekSA na kara unakA yathAvata pAlana karatA hai| prabandha gIra parita kAvyoM kI prAti kI dalita aura maimiAtha para banekoM racanAeM alaga alaga nAmoM libhI mila jAtI hai| kaI neminAtha ke bArahamAse mila jAte hai aura kaI crpii| inake ramA krama meM prAcIna paraMparAoM kA bo anugamana hI parantu phira bhI navIna nAmakaraNa karane meM baha kahA jA sA kivi prAcIna paraMparA ke hone para bhI bayA va kahiyoM ko hor3a kara naI paraMparAgoM aura mAgADI kI sthApanA, bAsA minAtha mArAmArI rAjula ke visa kAyamUnikA pakamArika kAvya bArAmAroM yA paraMparAgoM kI, virA varSa kI mAnoM kI mA banya ghaTanAoM kI gambhAtyA nyAyAki ginAva sampakiA bAbA - ramA homIra gAramA kAvya hai| usameM komala bhAvanAeM 1, birA banya paTalAvoM kA bAga yA bhAva vaMzilpajanya gharambaramA namakI kavisApI ghor3e meM adhika sArapUrNa karane kI prAkhAmA paricita hotA hai| mahI kAraNa hai ki vibhinna mAnoM kI bAriza para jinavAne vAlI kRtiyoM kI paraMparA milI hai| mAre paraMparA kI mamaya samaya para banI rakhanI hai| isameM kavi saMkSipta bayA momiyAna meM DAlakara manA ke utsAha vismaya kisa lisa detA hai parantu

Page #1002
994 vAstava meM ye paraMparAeM hI inake mUla meM hotI hai aura yahI kAraNa hai ki eka kI vyakti para aneka nAma se yadi ramAeM likhI jAya to kyA paraMparAgoM meM lekara varNana, zilpa, maMda parva mAlikyA sambandhI aneka paraMparAyoM kA ajana ho jAtA hai yA kAvya ke lie ina kyA paraMparAgoM kA bar3A mahatva hotA hai| paravartIgAla meM bhI ina kyA paraMparAoM kA vikAsa sarvatra parilakSita hogA hai| madhya yugIna kaviyoM meM udAharaNArtha jAyasI, gulmI, mAdi meM na baina sAkArI kI lAmA isa prakAra kI aneka jaina varNana paraMparAgoM kA prabhAva par3A hai| jAyasI kI premAsthAnakavA aura kyAtatva, tulasI kI prabandhAtmakatA, sUra kA gIti kAya Adi sabhI mUla meM baina kaviyoM kI ina kyA paramparAoM varNana paraMparAoM tathA zipa lIjanya paraMparAoM ne paLa bhUmi ke rUpa meM paryApta sahAyatA kI hogii| ghaTanAma, kutUhala vastu bojana, rasa paripAka sanda aura dilya janma aneka prabhAva dIvAtya ke Adhunika kAla taka meM bhI denA hai| ina paraMparAgoM kA yaha tAratamya prAkata se lekara Aja taka avyAhata rUpameM milatA hai| 4. kAya kar3iyA kAma kar3iyoM kA isa vira prArIma / saMskha yoM meM ra bhASa, bApaTTa aura kyA kahiyoM kA varNana mila pAnA yA paraMparAgoM kI bAvisthA bhI gaya kAgAra pravAIna karatI hai| tullAiSTi gAvAsa aura usake pUrva vivAdikavi kAvya kAvya kahiyoM ne yogA pAya ho sakA ki mahI milatA hai| prA meM inakA prabAra jIre dhIre kA aura apaca sAhilyo inakI paraMparA va puSTa kAyamA kar3iyoM kA varNana hai| apAca kAlane kI para iii nAvoM kImoM ko puSTa kiyA hai| uttara apAra nA sahiyoM ko avasa kAla kI kahi paraMparAmoM meM tAsi kiyaa| ma kadiyoM ke nirmANa meM aitihAsika kAvyoM ne bar3A ma

Page #1003
yoga diyA hai| AdikAla ke aitihAsika kathAkAvyoM kI carcA karate hue DA. hajArI prasAda divavedI ne ina kyAnaka r3iyoM para sarva prathama prakAza DAlA hai| ina kyAnaka kar3iyoM kI paraMparA aura udezya ke viSaya meM batalAte hue ve kahate haibhAratIya kavi itihAsa prasiddha pAtra ko bhI nigarI kathAnakoM kI bAI taka hai jAnA cAhatA hai| isa kArya ke lie vaha kucha aisI kyAnaka kar3iyoM kA prayoga karatA hai yo kyAnaka ko abhilaSita DhaMga se mor3a dene ke lie dIrgha kAla meM bhArata kI jinadharI kyAnoM svIkRta hote hue Ae hai aura kula se vizvAsoM kA bhAva levA hai jo isa deza ke purANoM meM aura loka kathAoM meM dIrgha kAla mele Ahe hai| ina sthAnaka kar3iyoM se kAvya meM sarasatA AtI hai aura ghaTanA pravAha meM toca mA jAtI hai| madhyakAla meM ye kyAnaka iDiyA bahuta lokapriya ho gaI thI aura hamAre mAtozakAla meM bhI inakA prabhAva bahuta vyApaka rhaa| bastu AdikAla meM jaina strota meM upalabdha ina racanAoM meM aneka prakAra kI kyA kar3iyA upalabdha hotI hai inakA vibhAjana gAvita jyoM meM kiyA jA sakatA hai: bAgA +- mAviyapa hinA 4. gatpanika kar3iyA bAbA kaDiyA kA prArambha meM hI dekhI jaasktii| mAjI para hone vAle ( la. parasvatI vaMdanA athavA jinavaMdana ( vika, kavi kI gaa aura mAtvanivedana

Page #1004
(a) prArambha meM mAdhu puruSoM aura kAvya rasa pAThakoM tathA bhovAnoM kI prazaMsA (4) karmidA, tathA aniSTakArI tatvoM kA bahiSkAra (4) kavi kI padoM ke anta meM usake nAmakI chAma milanAkAvya sambandhI na kar3iyoM kA sAhityika abhiprAya kAvya ko sarasa banAnA hai| ghaTanAoM meM camatkAra aura kauDala varmana kAvya ke kalAtmaka pakSa ko majabUta banAtA hai| yahI abhiprAya ina kAvyAtmaka kar3iyoM meM kara bhAge balakara bhalA kina jAtA hai tathA ye abhiprAya (mation ) paraMparita mar3i kA kama dhAraNa kara lete hai| pratyeka deza ke apane apane kavi abhiprAya hote hai| divavedI jI kA cana hai ki aitihAsika carita ko kAbya kA mAdhyama banAne para kavi ko aneka saMpAvanAeM karanI par3atI hai aura ye saMbhAvanAeM aneka abhiprAyoM ( mster ke kAla banatI hai badhA mekaabhiprAya bhI inake kAraNa banave gA aura inhIM mAge calakara kathA kaDiyA prabalita ho jAtI hai| DA0 divavedI meM isa tathya ge svIkAra kiyA hai ki- aitihAsika carita kA lekSaka samAvanAoM para adhika bala detA hai| saMbhAvanAoM para bala dene kA pariNAma yaha huA hai ki hamAre deza ke sAhitya meM yAmaka ko gati aura bhAba dene ke liya se abhiprAya dIrghakAla se jyAdA hone vA roko bAra bor3I dUra sArIra ko mAra masAra thAmaka hi bAba hai| isa abhiyAgamekarSa yi ge|' para hI unake vikA kA sambandha nahIM hai| bastubA baDhI kar3iyoM ke sAhitya bInA aura pariNAvakArI vika karanA nAma / moni - - terr. vArI prabhAva himvedii| vA-.1.20 ibArA zrI - -

Page #1005
1937 1 aura erses kA milanA sAmAnyataH pratyeka deza ke kathA aura kAvya rUr3hiyoM meM sambhava hai| sAtha hI hamArI kahAniyoM kA adhyayana karane ke mahatva para bhI prakAza DAlA gayA hai| re ke lie ina kathA paraMparAoM kI mAvi kAvya kar3iyAM bhI kAvya meM atinUtana, maulika tathA nae bAcAvaraNa kA dRSTi kara kAvya ke kathA satya ko prANavAna banAtI hai| pratyeka kAvya maivati kar3iyoM meM baDI ke dezakAla kA pUrNa dhyAna rakhA jAnA cAhie anyathA unameM eka svAbhAvikatA nahIM jA sktii| vismayakArI maulika ghaTanAoM kA sRjana, nave vAtAvaraNa kA nirmANa, vividha rUr3hiyoM dvArA kathA meM utsAha kA praNayana tathA ina choTI choTI ghaTanAoM dvArA kAvya kI mukhya saMvedanA ko bala milnAmAdi saba bAteM ina kAvya aura kathA kar3iyoM kA pramukha lakSya hotA hai| arekAlIna jaina kRtiyoM meM kAvya kar3iyoM kA adhyAya prArambha karane vAlI pRSta bhUmi meM prApta sarva prathama racanA- kathA saritsAgara- hai| sAtha hI sAtha caina kathA ko paMcataMtra pArvanAtha carita, samArA dilyakaDI, aura dete hai| jI ke prasidadha vivAna mAriya kumAracarita mI TrI ne sarvaprathama ina viSayoM meM upa kyA kahiya hai| unake aneka tela bhI nikka cuke hai| pepara meM bhI unake bAda ina rUr3hiyoM M1)The Motif is the smallest recognisable element that goes to omplete story. Sisiple-Dietenery of World Literature been fostered by recognition of teve complement ANA INGER. Its importance for compara.. tient material of a particular type is The Importance of the Type is to show the Le fum inte conventional elusters of oriental society Volume 36 page 52-54. In this regard are of prize technical h atuly of fiction more important than aver justified these may be when taken Bee Life & Stories of the Jain Saviors

Page #1006
para paryApta kArya kiyA hai| isa prakAra jaina kAvyoM meM upalabdha jina kAvya rur3iyoM meM se kucha para Upara vicAra kiyA gayA hai unakA uttara athameza athavA purAnI hindI ke kAvyoM meM saphala kama se nirvAha kiyA gayA hai| prAraMbhika rur3iyoM ke atirikta kaI kAvyAtmaka rur3hiyAM vyavidhAna sambandhI bhI milatI hai jinapara vicAra kiyA jaaygaa| ukta rUr3hiyoM meM kucha kA kathAnaka kar3iyoM ke parIkSaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai: 1 8336 1 pratyeka jaina kAvya prArambha meM jinavaMdanA, athavA sarasvatI vaMdanA se prArambha hotA hai- udAharaNArtha- bharatezvara bAhubalI rAsa- vaDagiri rAma, maijinAtha phAi jivata kApaDa Adi pranthoM meM jinavaMdanA athavA sarasvatI nA mila jAtI hai| inameM padamAvatI devI athavA corI kelI athavA afterdevI kA namana bhI mila jAtA hai| aneka prakadha aura barita kAvyoM meM kavi ne svayaM apanA paricaya diyA hai ina kaviyoM meM tribhuvanadIpaka prabandha ke racayitA zAlima sUri, padA ke nirmAtA, vinayakara, prayumnacarita ke fafter are vipake zrIvAdikaviyoM ne apane granthoM ke apane nAma kI chApa prAraMbha meM sajjana sA svayaM kI oyer tathA taka jiMdA Adi karake purAtana kAvya kaviyoMkA nirvAha kiyA hai| 2- kyA kar3iyAM pratyeka kAvya kRti meM prayukta kathA meM aneka prakAra kI kyA rur3hiyAM to kalpita hotI hai aura kaI anuzrutimadha tathA kar3iyoM meM milane vAlI aneka rur3hiyA hai jikA w of story Volum I. page 30 by PEXERR

Page #1007
959 - - - jimakA bhayama AdikAlIna ma rAmo duvArA kiyA jA sakatA hai: - pavidhAna sambandhI 1. vividha varNama sambandhI * sAmAjika paraMparAhI sambandhI 4- mati prAkRtika satyoM se yukta 1. vidhAna sambandhI kariyA savidhAna sambandhI kar3iyoM ke pIche koI vistRta itihAsa nahIM hai kAvya kA prArambha karane para jisa prakAra mAya:kAla varjana , umA varNama, ritu varNana, adhavA madhyA varNana, madI, mada, udyAna, upavama mAdi varNana bhI inhIM 4 vidhAna sambandhIkar3iyoM ke mantargata baayeNge| prakRti varNana meM nAma parigaNanAtmaka varNana pati sI kA pravIkA hI par3oM kA phUloM kA yA anya vanaspatiyoM kA varSa kI isI ke antargata lie baay| yula varNana kI gaNanA,barAca varSana meM bhojana Adi vyaMjanoM ke mama mAdimI bIDivo milI hai| mar3iyoM kA samyak niyA milaa| rAma, . parisa, vana pIsa, pra mAdi koI bhI kAmya lIjiya, samI prAvana,navI maya varSama, prAkRtika chaTA vAdimika pAyage / kAya pahiyAvira pramoM milI prakAra tribhuvanadIpaka pracAramA rAma bAbara iri kAma, vA memimA upara vipinamA / yA vidhAna bhI milA mAvikA meM mila pAyA hai| binAkara kiyA re phAgu kI bAta kA udAharaNoM kA svayaM bhI madhumAsa kA nahosa gAna hotA hai|

Page #1008
150 prakRti meM nAma gaNanAtmaka pravRtti pradyumna carita aura jinadatta carapada meM mila jAtI hai| pradyumna carita meM bhI kavi sadhA ne aneka per3oM ko ginAyA hai| sAtha hI zastroM kI gaNanA paratezvara bAhubalI rasa meM mila jAtI hai| jinadatva capa, pradumna varita vidyAvilAsa pavAr3oM Adi racanAoM meM barAta vana tathA bhojana kI vividha vastukoM kA varNana mila jAtA hai| 1 inake atirikta bhI pakAtmaka rUr3hi vidhAna meM pUrA grantha tribhuvanadIpaka prabandha paryApta maulikatA prastuta karatA hai| kavi ne usake sAre pAtra kI maulika ra hai| jJAna, mana, tana, mAyA, Adi saba pratIka kahi rUpaka hai| sAtha hI varAta varNana meM bhAgatika kayoM dvArA namaka utArane Adi kI kriyAeM aura kar3iyA~ jaina kaviyoM kI kRtiyoM meM unakI apanI hai| neminAtha kAya, nArInirAma kA jAdi racanAoM meM ye kar3iyAM devI jA sakatI hai| (ba) vividha varNana sambandhI rudriyAH 1 a . vividha varmanoM kI eka lambI paraMparA jaina kAvyoM meM mila jAtI hai| hAthI varNana, ghor3oM kA varNana, barAta kA varNana, jaivanAra varNama, nagara varNana, vivijayavardhana, svAroM kA varNana, ka vargama vidyAoM kA varNana nAmavarNana ' bAda varSoM kI kar3iyAM isa kAvyoM meM miTha bAtI hai| ve vividha kAvya ke kathAnaka meM vaivizya tathA maulikatA kA samAveda karate haiN| inameM pahale feat are aur dana athavA athavA vicAra viveka kA pratipAdana avazya rahatA hogaa| parantu kAlAntara meM dhIre dhIre meM garmana kar3iyoM meM parivartita ho gae hai| bharatezvara bAhubalI rAya meM idha varNana, savAroM namaroM ghor3oM evaM hAthiyoM Adi 10 stri ke kayAya 67 aura ra 8 naMda gAMdhI dvArA sampAdita - devi prastha ke madhyAya 6 20 vimAnakI rAsa-zrI -kAti), mAnera bhaMDAra, jayapura 1) mAnera bhaMDAra, bayapura |

Page #1009
ke varNana, pradyumna carita meM solaha vidyAnoM ke varNama jimadatta caupa meM vidyAdharoM kI rAniyoM ke pradezoM ke nAmoM para rakhe gae mAma varNana kAvya meM dhAtmakatA ko vizeSa prati pradAna karate hai| (mAmAjika paraMparAoM samadhI yAM sAmAjika paraMparAgoM meM aneka kar3iyAM mila jAtI hai| sAhitya samAja kA visAjya : samAja kI pratyaka DAyala kI rakhA sAhitya meM hotI hai| sAmAjika saMgaThana, vivAha paraMparA, varSa vyavasthA, rItirivAja, rANA pramA, vyApAra batkAlIma sthiti gumA varNana, vaizyA varNana, nakSazikha varNana bahu-vivAha Adi lagabhaga sabhI sAmAjika sAr3iyoM kA baina kaviyoM meM varNana kiyA hai| ataH ye kar3iyA samAja ke yathArtha meM dUnI rahatI dii| bahuvivAra prathA pradyumna pArita mA bhimadatta upAya mAvi varNana bambaI ke priMsa mApha velsa ke rAula sambandhI zilAlekha meM, paMcapInDava parita rAja, basanna kANa. sthalimA phAgu tathA vidyAvilAsa pavAr3o, aura raMga sAgara nikAya, meM parahita balidAna kI bhAvanA jaiva bIkoM se sambandhita lagabhaga sabhI kAvyoM mathA. paramezvara mALI rAma vikA, mebhinAya kAya, AdinAtha parita, nArI viya, vaiyA nA bhAdi vargama kA mAmA, mAtI bahummAvikA, prasanna bArita tathA nivAsa upAya, palArI nAma,purvAna mIla prabandha, bAlabAlArA, parastI bArA ko kaNTa mA, vArika vaibhava kA majAkiyA rAba aura vanamAlA rAma nimna bebI kI tI para ho ra zivA karanA paMca pAyavarita rAja, inTa gAnA bhAbi kapi, yA pAra sambandhI sahaga nivasa karA basatyapurIba gayA, mila paatii|srh bhanekara nAmoM meM batkAlIna mamArivAya paraMparA aura havAma mAvi sambandhI diyA ina kamiyoM (a) siranAmoM bAlI kyA sImA: kamekAtika ghaTanAoM kA varNana bhI jaina kaviyoM kI varNana paraMparA

Page #1010
962 rahI hai| ina ati prAkRtika ghaTanAoM meM jina mUrtiyoM kA prabhAva, vidayAdharoM aura yakSa kA prabhAva, vidyAoM kA prabhAva, balavatI zaktiyoM dvArA AtmA rakSA, vibhinna vastroM kA prayoga tathA unakA alaukika prabhAva sarasvatI, isI aura vibhinna deviyoM kA prakaTa hokara varadAna denA, strI ke satItva ke prabhAga se jahAja kA DUbanA, vibhinna rUpa manAnA cakra ratna kA prakaTa honA aura kaivalya prApti se pUrvabhava batalAnA, premA vyasta kalA, magara ujAr3anA, puruSa kA hotA banA denA, mare hue tathA mUrtiyoM ko punaH jindA kara denA Adi aneka kathA kar3hiyAM ina jaina kRtiyoM meM upalabdha hotI hai| inameM ati prAkRtika ghaTanAoM aura tatvoM kA samAveza milatA hai| udAharaNArtha kucha alIkika ghaTanAoM se yukta kathA rur3hiyAM dekhie..... satyapurIya mahAvIra utsAha meM bArI bahana senA kA svamita honA, javAmI carita meM abhaya cora kA tAlodghATana, avasthApana aura vartama gayasukumAla rAma meM sira para bhaMgAre jalAne se vahIM mAtma vahidAna ho jAnA, fasarees aura varSoM kI zakti aura viduvAoM ke prabhAva se pradyumna carita meM basamma ko patthara ke bhI banA denA, biduvAjI vArA sabako mUrti kara harAnA, fafe zastra kA mahaukika prabhAna, tathA anna kA mahatva honA, vibhinna ma parivartana karanA, binadatta baraI meM sAgara meM nArI ke bIla me jahAja kA DUbanA, bharatezvara bAhubalI rAta meM baratana kA prakaTa honA, jinadatta parabaI maiM kA prakaTa hokara kavi ko baradAna denA. viDyAvilAsa pavAr3oM meM erakumArI kA madhya vyakti prema honA, rAjakumAriyoM kA jinavatsa para honA, mama dvArA ko ikAryoM kA ajJAta ktiyoM kI haima kA vivikAsa panAhoM meM vilAsa kA vaizyA dvArA diyA jAnA aneka ghaTanAoM kA varNana hai| jhIyamoM kA varNana iSTa vyaktiyoM kA para pIsa varNana,

Page #1011
163 AkAzavANI karake pAnI kI sUcanA de denA Adi sabhI rUr3hiyoM kA samAve kiyA jA sakatA hai|" vastutaH aneka racanAoM meM ye alaukika ghaTanAe~ milatI hai| mataH yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki kar3iyAM tatkAlIna kathAkAroM tathA kAvyakAroM maiM bahuta hI adhika pracalita tathA lokapriya rahI hogii| vastutaH ye alaukika peTanArtha aura alaukika tatva ina Alocya kAvyoM ke nAyakoM se ghaniSTatA rakSate hoNge| athavA nAyaka hI apanI kSamatA se ina para zAsana karatA rahA hogaa| yuddha maiM vividha vidyAoM kA prabhAva dijJAne karane ke bAda manuSyoM ko punaH jIvita karanA, asaMkhya vyaktiyoM ko dharAzAyI karake bhI marane nahIM denA, Adi aneka maulika rur3iyA jaina kaviyoM kI apanI hai| sAtha hI ina rUr3hiyoM meM maMtra mala kA jAdU bhI dekhane ko milatA hai| maMtra pAThava-carita meM muni kA kupita honA, pradyum aura jimatva, vidyAvilAsa, jaMbUsvAmI tathA asaMbhava kAryoM kA sampAdana vidUyA vaha aura maMtra dvArA mAgIrodha kara denA, tathA svayaM kA rUpa parivartana kara jAdU se usake pati kA rUpa dhAraNa karake sakI strI ko camatkRta karamA pradyumnuduvArA itaka vyakti ko jIvita kara denA, aura jinavattha baDavaI maiM jina kA samudra vaitaraNa karanA tathA vimAna mara hokara campApurI pahuMcamA, devI ke prabhAva se vidyAvilAsa pavAr3oM meM vivAcara kA vahI fara meM prayoga honA Adi sabhI par3hiyA~ ni pAtI hai jinakA sambandha 1 ki paTanA se spaSTa hotA hai| ina kar3iyoM ke varnaga se kAvyoM ke sthAnoM kI rakSA meM apUrvavadidha huI hai tathA rasa aura hAsya kA samizraNa racanA ke varSa krama kA pravAha pUrNa lAtA hai| 1- vizvAra ke ki devi prastuta praya ke bhAga 2 ke adhyAya 1,7 -- viracita tathA hindI "paradezvara mAvI rAsA paka gayA la baiMka meM 11 (ga) ra 8 / varSa 19 3 4,090-100 meM lekhaka kA praNa variya para lekha /

Page #1012
(1) adhatibadha sAdiyAM anuva tibadudha sAr3iyoM kI paraMparA maulika hotI hai ye kyAnaka kar3iyA loka AkhyAnoM aura zuciyoM se samanvita hotii| inameM pUrva janma varNama, bana varNana, AkAra vANI, maMtra vaira ivArA yudha, devI kA prasanna hokara baradAna vainA, tapasyA se saMtAna prApti, pavibhya sUcaka pratIkAtmaka rAsyapUrNa sthAna, ma parivartana, svapana meM priya vana, para strIjarama, mAyaka kI udAratA, bArahamAsoM ke kAraNa virA vedanA kA prakAzana, rAha bhaTaka kara dUsare mArga meM nikalanA aura vahI andAriyoM kA usa para na ho jAnA Adi saba loka mAsyAmaka kar3iyoM kA varNana mila pAtA hai| ina sar3iyoM kI paraMparA loka AkhyAnoM meM pUrNa rahI hai| pUrva janma varNana bASA mI racanAoM meM mila jAnA pUrva bhava aura pUrva mantra kI yaha varNana paraMparA kyA satyAgarAyAko mila jAtI hai|au upalavdha racanAoM meM baMdanavAlA rAma, jabasvAmI carita, abUsvAmI satkyastu, pradyumna dharita, aMbikAdevI pUrvamaya varSana valaharA,neminAtha bahummAvikA, aura pAnhava darita rAsa meM pUrvajanma varNana, bharatezvara bAgavalI rAma, pradAna garikha sthA milA vikAsa bhavAna apavana varNana milatA hai| mAna bhAratIya kAvyoM kI pramukha paraMparA sI hai| isana bAloM vArA anumba ke hue nidhi vidhAna vA vivAra milI ivivAda para bhI balo thA inake pIche kisI nizciAtya mI nahIM hote apitu no manovijJAna mAniyA bAna, himAditA kahI jAma ho zrI aSita nhiiN| mana ko / / ga banAnoM padAramA bharatevara bAgalI kolI, miyAra karma vApi mila jAte hai, vibhAgakA bira bara bara va vadhUka prakAre, devI, nAmAvAdako yiaa| isI barA varNana prama parita na mAna barSana paraMparA bar3I prANiya paparAna kA prakAra ke hote hai aura jaina kaviyoM meM isakA ilakara nivAra

Page #1013
965 kiyA hai| jinadatta baupara meM kavi ralDa ko sarasvatI kA prasanna hokara varadAna denA, bharatezvara bAhubalI rAsa meM caratna ke lie bhaviSya yA AkAzavANI honA, mahAvIra, jaMvAmI vinAtha, sthUlabhadra Adi sabhI mahApuruSoM ke janma ke pUrva unakI mAtAoM ko adbhuta svapna jinameM aneka pazu jaise hAthI, zera, devatA tathA kamala Adi aneka kaI bIce unake muMha meM praviSTa hotI huI likhI gaI hai| ataH janma ke pUrva Aye ina svapnoM kA rUr3hi varNana atyanta mahatvapUrNa hai| tapasyA se saMtAna prApti jinavatta varapara meM, meminAtha catuSpadikA bArahamAsA meM rAjula kA bArahamAsA ke rUpa meM deva rAka kI nAyikA kI bhAMti vipralaMbha nivedana, nAyaka vidyA vilAsa aura jinadatta kA bhaTaka jAnA aura vibhinna indariyoM kA una para mugu honA, nAyaka pradyumna para usakI kRtrima pAyA kanakamAlA kA mugdha ho use aMcala se cipakAnA Adi pradyumna carita meM aneka kar3iyoM kA phala nirvAha milatA hai| isa prakAra meM kar3iyA~ loka zruti ke mAdhAra para mautika paraMparA ke duvArA pracalita hone vAlI hai ataH loka paraMparAjoM ne ina kathA rur3iyoM ko jIvita kara rakkSA hai| AdikAlIna hindI jaina kAvyoM meM ye rur3hiyAM vistAra se huI hai| (4) kAlpanika iMDiyA tree arena kA kyA kAvya meM prayoga bhI pakIlDa meM parama Avazyaka batalAyA hai| yoM meM aneka grantha aise upara hote hai jinameM afe mArA racita maulika ghaTanAoM kA prayana mila jAtA hai| ataH kavi kI isa kathAdiyoM ko bhI prANita karane meM sakSama hai| kalpanA ke mAdhyama hai hI kavi yA svAkara ina pahiyoM kA sUkSma karatA hai| bhAratIya sAhitya aise kavi ke kAlpanika abhiprAya bahuta adhika milate haiN| isa kAlpanika rur3hiyoM meM aneka mahatvapUrNa diyA ho sakatI hai vaise koI jIvaTapUrNa kArya karake kisI kI makarana vara meM kisI kuvarI ko bhayAnaka maha se banAnA kisI perer nagara kI jAne para devako harAnA, senAoM ko nirvaka kara denA, zravaNa ivArA AkarSaNa, siMhaladvIpa kA viSanAriyoM kI

Page #1014
maMgati ivArA pramobhava, kAmadeva kA saMpUrNa vizva para kapita ho mAjhamaNa karanA, priya prApti ke lie jina baMdana, nAyikA kA avatAra honA Adi kavi kathita kaI kyAnaka jaina racanAoM meM mila jAte hai| udAharaNArtha bharatAvara bAhubalI rAsa meM kavi dvArA donoM bhAiyoM meM jala naina mAvi adhoM kI ubhAvanA, prazanna carita meM pradhamma kA saba senA ko mila kara mUrSita kara denA, rAyala kA meminAtha puga zravaNa kara mAkarSita honA jinadatta upaI vyApAriyoM ke lie siMhala ivIpa bhArI saundarya aura AkarSaNa kA kendra honA, tathA usameM hIre motI aura pavArAoM kA vimya honA, kaThaputalI kA citra dikhAkara jinadatya upaI meM nAriyoM ibArA jinadatta ko kAmakatA kI ora jAnA, gAr3iyoM ibArA vyApAra karanA. jahAja inArA mAla lekara videza yAtrA kasA, kauTate samaya mArga meM bhArI byApa honA, viDyAdhara amArI nagara meM usake peTa meM se nikalakara logoM ko pAne vAle bhayaMkara vivadhara ko mArakara rAjakumArI se vivAha karanA, rAste meM jinavAnta para samudra meM bhArI saMkaTa par3anA aura zinabatta kI bhAti vizvAvilAsa pabAr3I meM vijhyA vikAsa para bhArI bhASa bhAmA, miksa bI kAma inArA kRSita hokara sampUrNa viSaya para mAlmama karanA bApi aneka kAbanika yA kaliyAM milI hai|nyaa sAr3iyoM kA pravana kara kaviyoM ne apanI mautika palpanA kA paricaya diyA hai| zAmipUri bArA viracita 'virATaparva aura bAlinAri viravita vamAnya pati rAroM ki paTanA jaina kaviyoM kI pAlisa marjamA hai| vimo vibhinna kokamaya bADiyA kI bA sakatI hai| kyAnaka ko bApU genA yA samAsI hai| sa kinImAvikAlIma hindI aura kAyama nImA ni ki kaliyoM zina hai| ina vividha

Page #1015
167 (R) mAdhyAtmaka sambandhI kar3iyA~ (ka) manovegoM sambandhI kar3iyA (8) niyati ke AdhAra para calane vAlI ir3iyAM () mAnava zarIra sambandhI diyA- ullekhanIya hai| ina gAr3iyoM meM AdhyAtika sabhI kar3iyoM kA sambandha Izvara para vizvAca tathA punarNaya se hai| aisI rakAoM meM bhAdo prathA gAyatakama racanAoM ko liyA jA sakatA hai| bhagogoM se bAtparya manovijJAna kI puSTi karane vAlI racamAnoM se hai| inameM svapna sandhI kar3iyA adhika AtI hai| jaina kAvyoM meM svapnoM se sambandhita ina kar3iyoM kA bar3A mahatva hai| ina para upara ke SaSThI vicAra kiyA jA cukA hai| udAravATa svapna caMdra, mAthA, vaha gAyI praviSTa hotA thA kI mI kA yA svAbhAvika manovijJAna thA ki usako putra prApti hogii| niyati ke AdhAra para calane vAlI pI aneka kArar3hiyA mila jAtI hai| inameM bhAvAvinA para adhika bala diyA jAnA hai| bhAratIya lekI nahI, mATo bAnika bhI pAna kA pAtya svIkAra kro| na rakhanAoM meM nivAsivAya bampIliyA bimAvilAsa pavADau pAI jAtI hai| pUrva vimAvilAsa kA prasTa pArAva ho gayA hai| mIna vidyA vimAnI kI mAmAmunyAno bAbA hai| isI prakAra jita sapA aura na hI prabaMdha aura birATa miyoM ko dekha soma sApAbAbI para jammAcI dayA bhI mila paatii|im sadiyoM strI kI polA , parivana na hone para yA vArA khAna raterm e para hai| inameM se adhiyoM meM putra na hone para nAza piari kI binA meM rakha ho jAnA batalAyA gayA

Page #1016
hai jo bahudhA aneka kaniyoM ne varNana kiyA hai| zeSa kar3iyA upalAya mAlocca jaina rabamAnoM meM nahIM milatI hai| isa prakAra bhAdikAla ke hindI jaina kAyoM meM ukta vividha sAr3iyoM kA varNana mila pAtA hai| bAlesako ke kyA aura kAvya rur3iyoM ko kavisamaya bhI kA hai| jo bhI ho,ina varSana kar3iyA~ kAvya kI prAcIna paraMparAoM kA samyaka niya tathA kyA meM pravega pravAda aura lAlityamA jAtA hai| ___ AdikAlIna kAvyoM kI ina dhAdiyoM kA sIdhA sambandha barSaka kRtriyoM tathA saMskRta racanAoM meM hai| sthAnaka sadiyoM kA upayoga saMskRta kAvyoM manA nahIM milA jivanA apaja kAvyoM meM milatA hai| udAharaNArtha payakumAra parisa, kara bArita, asAra barila, sandeza rAsaka Adi aneka rakamAeM milatI hai jinase bahuta sambhaba hai ki paravartI rasanAnoM ne abhiprAya grahaNa kiyA hogaa| hindI ke baina kAmyoM vIrAja rAso, basI kA pahanAvA aura kAnye prakAza DAulI, bIsaladevarAma tathA basanta bilAsa phAgu bhAvi kitanI hI Haut sambandhI racanAeM hai mipara payoda prakAza yahA saMbhava nhiiN| inarabamAnoM ke mUla meM bhI r3iyoM kA upayoga karAne vAlI bahuta bar3I preraka zaktiyAM meM jaina kAnya hai| ____kyA kahA thA Hot aura TET sambandha meM aneka pranya upAya hoI hai jinameM balUmaphIlDa, pike pevA, DA. nikI, jAna sabhA konI bAdi vidvAnoM dvArA likhI pAca sAmanI saba hotI hai| hindI sAhitya meM meM sarva prathama vicAra karane vAloM vArI prasAda jo bhI ho, yA kaDimo ibArA mAnyoM kI paraMparA kA aitihAki vA, koka yA kama, jAmAvika rIti rivAja, mAvikA kiyA alaukika vividha spotI kA parivAmikAlIna hindI jaina kAmoM meM hamA samAyoM mArA Hai ki sAskRtika tathA sAhityika ba yA paraMparAgoM (ecent vyA kyA kahiyoM kA aba taka

Page #1017
169 samyakU adhyayana nahIM ho jAya taba taka ina racanAoM kA nirapekSa dRSTikoNa se mUlyAMkana kara sakamA asambhava nahIM to kaThina avazya hai / ataH ina AdikAlIna hindI jaina kAvyoM kI kathA paraMparAoM (cycles tathA kathA rUr3hiyoM Holts and types kA anuzIlana atyAvazyaka hai| >

Page #1018
adhyAya tt AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya meM prayukta da SSSSSS3355888888 18 18555555555555555

Page #1019
170 AdikAlIna hindI caina sAhitya meM prayukta cheda AdikAlIna hindI jaina racanAoM meM aneka prakAra ke cheda bhI pAe jAte hai jinameM adhikatara mAnika aura varNika hI hai| adhika va prAkRta evaM japataMya sAhitya jyoM ke tyoM varjita hue hai parantu phira bhI kaI aise hai jo mautika tathA jaina kaviyoM kI apanI nutana dena hai| ina navIna chaMdoM kI paramparA aura unake paricaya karane se pUrva ina racanAoM meM prayukta pramukha mAtrika aura vArSika chaMdoM ko jAna lenA Avazyaka hai| varNika chaMdoM meM varSoM kI gaNanA hotI hai ye chaMda akSaroM kI ginatI imArA aura mAtrika mAtrAoM kI gaNanA dvArA jAne jAte haiN| vaidika doM se lekara prAkRta chaMdoM taka varga aura mAtrA gaNanA kI yaha paraMparA noured vahI jA rahI hai| varSa vRttoM kA saMskRta meM paryApta prayoga hujA hai| saMskRta kI isaparamparA ko hamAre mAlokya kAla ke kaviyoM ne khUba nivADA hai sAtha hI mAtra vRtta meM yatti aura ThATha kA samyaka nirvAha karake inaracanAoM vArA saMgIta meM bhI yoga diyA hai|maatrik vRtta vArSika vRttoM kI apekSA adhika mukta tathA saMgIta pradhAna hote hai| saMgIta pradhAna chaMdoM meM DhAla kA mUlya nahIM mulAyA jaasktaa| bhAvida bAla pradhAna hai aura vAmAmA mA hoTI hai| kisI bhI cheda kI vAla kA nirdhAraNa kyoM dvArA ho sakanA kaThina hai| vastutaH vAla pradhAna ina doM ko vavRtta bhI kahA jAsakatA hai| prAkRta aura ke chaMdoM para vicAra karate hue pro0 sva0DI0 velaNakara me bAla aura varSa iva I find it rather difficult to define Tale', but I may make an attempt and define it as the regulation with the help of time-element of the recurring rest in a metrical line by means of a stress. This rest regulating stress is Indieated by means of vocal accentuation, but in addition to it ales by the stroke of the Pala or a similar movement of any other part of the body or by the strokes of the timekeeping musical instrument like the hand drum or a pair of cymbals. The waste which is produced by this rest regulating stress is the male which under lies all the "Tala Vrttaa" and is the chief source of delight in them, dekhie bhArata kaunadI, pR0 106 pro0 eca0DI0 melamakara ema0 e0DI0 liTa0, kA " mITara para

Page #1020
171 para vistRta prakAza DAlA hai| yahI tAla vRtta Age kaI vibhinna gaNoM meM favra ho jAte hai aura taba ina pratyeka avaroM kI mAtrAeM samaya ke mAdhAra para nirdhArita kara dI jAtI hai| isa prakAra tAla meM nirmita vibhinna tAla garyo meM vibhinna vibhinna mAtrAoM kA niyamana hotA hai| yaha niyamana mAmA gaNanA se spaSTa hotA hai| isa taraha ina doM meM mAtrANa aura vAlagaNa meM do prakAra ke gama hote hai| vAstava meM prAkRta aura apabhraMza ke chaMda kA zilpa saMskRta varSa itvoM se prakRtyA bhinna hotA hai kyoMki ina do prakAra ke vRttoM meM jo pI saMgIta hotAhai vaha chaMda kI dRSTi se bhinna hotA hai| yaha saMgIta bAla vRddhoM meM adhika harita imA hai| tAla vRtta vibhinna tAla aura mAtrAoM para AdhArita hote haiN| pratyeka vAgaNa mAtrAgaNa ke zilpa se bhinna hotA hai| pratyekatAla kA prArambha prArambhika da se aMtima zabda taka hotA hai jaba taka vA vAla prAraMbha nahIM ho jaataa| ye bAla, vRtta kaI prakAra ke hote haiM jinameM 4,5,6,7 aura sAmAnyataH 8 mAtrAoM kA krama hotA hai| mAmAda parimANa athavA ( measurement ) ke lie prayukta hotI hai tathA ina chaMdoM meM yaha samaya nirdhAraNa bhI karatI hai| ina mAtrika aura vAloM meM saMgIta kA samAveza hotA hai vA yoM kaheM ki veda saMgIta ke upayukta hai|' isa para vistRta prakAza isIlie DAlA vRttoM jA rahA hai kyoMki uttara apa kI ina kAmoM meM ye nA hI cika prayukta hue hai tathA unakA saMgIta kI dRSTi se bhI pilya vizeSa hai| aneka rA ke AdhAra para kaviyoM ne bdoM ko bacA hai| vibhinna rAgoM ke vibhinna rau / 1- dekhie bhArata kaumudI pR0 1060-pro0 eca0DI0velakara kA apaneka mITarakha nAmaka lekha The word "Matra is derived from the root to measure and means a mit of measuring, here of measuring time. There are many diffirent Talas, but the chief among them, so far as the tal vrattas are concerned, are those in which the rest se regularly stressed after the lapse of 4 or 5 or 6 or Matrue or their multiples. But even among these the Commonest La the Tale of 8 Matras which may or may not be divisible into two parts of 4 matras each. H.D.Velankar. is

Page #1021
172 kI nimpatti hotI hai tathA usameM ye zAla vRtta adhika boga ke hai| vastutaH yaha kahA yA pamA hai ki saMgIta ke adhika upayukta hone ke kAraNa hI ina vRttoM meM kAvya racanA adhika huI aura ye mAtrika vRtta loka prabalita mI khUba hue| jaina sAmoM ko do mA mA kara sAhitya mimIya tathA dharma pracAra kasA thA ma ye mAnAmoM vAle cha hI jana sAdhAraNa kI bastu bne| H INov Time aloment and streas ) para hI ina bAla ittoM kA saMgIta nirmara thaa| bAla gIta ke samaya ke mUha meM ye bAlatva kI the| isa tathya kI puSTi pro. velaNakara meM bhI kI hai| apaja thA apapravitara kAla meM vAhanoM puSTa bAla saMgIta jana sabhA meM bahuta adhika pragati thA ina saMvoM ibArA rasodreka bhI ho sakatA thaa| mata: geya aura nizvita bAlagaNa evaM mAnAgayoM meM baMdha hone se janatA ne sAsa saMgIta kI jaldI apanA liyaa| ina bAtoM meM gAva kA maya samaya para manA yati kahalAtA hai| yaha bAtoM meM mAmAnoM ibArA nirmita hotI hai jisameM samaya tya (rine-slemant ) kA pUrva pyAna rakhA gatA hai| revA aneka bAlaganoM meM baMTa gAte haiN| pratyeka zabda kI apanI mAtrA hotI hai aura pratyeka mAgA ivArA bAla vidhArita hote samaya kA upayoga ina bhASAoM meM cora yAbAmAdhAra para bIca meSTi sAmAnoM ke bArA panAma hone ke kAraNa hI isa hatoM ko mApADa mA kyaa| The origin of the Tala aangita and the Tala vratte which are allanted to1t10100Rssertiy popular. They both being to thenned, Theathsomreenot datisht in thta Telu Bengatathe.streatneetmntattonst the regularly remur in rest and this is done with the belp of time element, Thereasingemetricatungamataturally have comatomatin thentihaarit, this is known as ata. 1 Samarit metrol, la Sangkrit and Prak at netres which aret able u n teeursatirregular interwala, thomch thennattaraadhred by the practice of the posta Otheenatest versartar the lapeeotadefinite horottimomentscalled theatras. vahI .

Page #1022
mAtrAvRttoM ke atirikta apabhraMza kaviyoM ne bhI kahIM kahIM varma vRtta aura akSara gama prayukta kie hai| puSpadanta kA jahara carita isakA udAharaNa hai| parantu usake ina vRttoM kA samAkAra bhI bAla meM ho jAtA hai| ye vRtta 6 mAtrAoM ke bAla meM gAe jA sakate hai tathA unameM pratyeka pakti meM 2 tAla gaNa hai| parantu ina chaMdoM se itara bhI prAkRta aura apabhraMza meM aise chaMda bhI hai jo na tAlavRtta DI kahe jAte hai aura na varNavat hI aise handoM meM saMskRta kI bhAMti laghuguru aura vibhinna Tea Tza hotA hai|' 173 apagreDa meM ina chandoM ke vilpa kA vizleSaNa karane vAle grantha hemacanda kA donuzAsana, prAkRta pailama viraMDA kA vRtvajAti samuccaya, svayaMbhU kA svayaMpUrNadasa nadIyA kA gAthAlavaNa tathA ratnavesara kA kavi varpaNa aura chaMda kon| inhIM granthoM meM uttara apaza meM prayukta chaMdoM kI paramparA pUrNatayA surakSita mila jAtI hai| ataH pada ke umboM kI isI vAstrIya paramparA (sikka heDIzana) kA nirvAha purAnI hindI meM milatA hai| mAtrika aura vArSika donoM prakAra ke chandoM meM aneka chanda to ina kRtiyoM meM apabhraMtha kI taraha hI milate hai parantu phira bhI aneka chanda aise hai jo apa se bhinna hai| jAH svataMtra rUpa se unakA parizIlana Avazyaka hai| apake ina doM kA adhyayana aneka vidvAnoM meM bilvAra meM prastuta kiyA hai| parantu abhI uttara jayanaMda ke oiN para kama prakAza DAlA gayA hai jo nahIM ke barAbara hai| vastutaH saMskRta aura vaidika umdoM kI saMgIta paramparA 1- bhArata kaumudI, 10 kenarA dI yUnirsiTI bambaI meM hada sambandhI prakAzita 1611 bhUmikA nAma 0 48 se 75 DA0 hariyasa nIlA (ka) bAbAcI kryaadi| (ba) pachi 072 bhUmikA mAma DA0 mAyANI dvArA sampAdita (a) badAmI aura unakA kAvyaH DA0 vipina bihArI trivedI 0 215 () hAya kA vAdikAla: DA0 hajArI prasAda divavedI paMcama vyAsthA 10-113 /

Page #1023
974 ko inatiyoM ne tAlastoM ke rUpa meM tAla saMgIta surakSita rakhatA hai|' ina purAnI hindI kI kRtiyoM meM prayukta ThAla aura mAtrAvRtyoM meM vAla saMgIta surakSita rahA hai jisameM samaya tatva ke AdhAra kI pUrI pUrI rakhA huI hai| sAtha hI upakaraNa sambandhI mahatvapUrNa bAtoM kA sA samaya hai Time ) ke AdhAra para biThAyA gayA hai| vAstava meM ina chaMdoM ko deza kI pracalita loka paramparAoM ne puSTa kiyA hai loka gItikAra pArayoM ne bhI gA pA kara ina ayameva tathA purAnI hindI ke vAla tathA mAtrika vRttoM ko surakSita raktA hai| pATa aura vAloM ne ina do ko gAne tathA manovinoda ke lie likhA thA ataH ye samasta saMgIta pradhAna rahe the| cAraNoM ke pazcAt apamaMDa kI isI kar3I meM jaina sAdhuoM ne Age bddh'aayaa| jaina sAdhUsaMskRta aura prAkRta ke graMthoM meM to liDate hI ve sAtha meM mAjika vRtta vAlaya aura bAla gIta meM bhI liye the| isake atirikta jaina sama ne mAnA baMdha ke sAtha kaI mitra baMdhoM kA prayoga bhI kiyA aneka da inhoMne gAne ke lie hI liye apa kA capaI, ahilla tathA parakaTikA chedoM ko pacadartha ur3ata kiyA jA sakatA hai| pro0 velaNakara ne to kaI aise apayoM kA ullekha mI kiyA hai jiMka prayoga nRtya meM kiyA jAtA ho| aise chaMdoM meM bahuta adhika prayukta hone vAle yA cheda kA prayoga kiyA jA sakatA hai| isa prakAra yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki ina nAmoM meM aneka baMda prayuk hue hai inameM naye aura purAne mAlika aura bArSika cheda hai to bhI aneka P It is thus that neither the Prakrit metricians nor the Prakrit bards sould have formulated the theory of the Matra. And yet the matra has clearly a reference to the Tala Bangita 1.e. musie in which time is kept as opposed to the awar sangits of the Vedas where no time is kept. Popular music is the Tala sangite and popular metres are the Tala metres. Journal of the Etverity of Babey page 52 APEHRANSA METRES II - By Prof. H.b. Velankar. deviyo 1933-35 pAma 10 12-34 / - sva0DI0 devakara, bambaI yUnivarsiTI jarnala n

Page #1024
175 dezI DhAte haiM to devI va pI tathA sAtha hI kaI mizrabaMdhoM ke prayoga bhI iSTavya hai| dezIkoM ke rUpa meM AdikAla kI ina racanAoM kA apUrva yogadAna hai| ina racanAoM meM pradivapadI, viSma divapadI,samabampadI, aSasamacatuSpadI. viSamacatuSpadI,paMcapadI, SaTapadI, aSTapadI, virbhagI, tribhaMgI, caturdagI, paMcagI Adi aneka prakAra ke mila jAte hai|addyaavdhi imAre Alocya kAla meM jitanI racanAoM kA vizeSaNa kiyA gayA hai, unameM prayukta pramukha haDa isaprakAra : 5- naupAyA -auraThA 8-uslAlA 11. raDDA 14-harigItikA 15- pepaTikA -Adola 1- yA tribhaMgI .. pAbA 11- nIti - jAti 4-bhAbaTTa 15 pari 26- marahaTTha 28- dhavala 9- sarasvatI dhavala 30 sArasI 32-kuMDaliyA - loka -dvivapadI -upavATi -indravatrA 11. umehamA vilayiA 41- rathoddhatA - svatA - aaor -pAIMDaviDIva 45- mAlinI - nArAba - mAzA 44- bhAvI . bAbAna 5.- bArI 51. dhanArAba 57 miSadI kI kA vargI kasa prakAra kara pako

Page #1025
176 (rAgoM tathA vividha DhAloM meM saMyukcha) 1- mAtrikAH 1. dohA 4. caupAyA 2- caupAI 6. ullAsa - soraThA 5- rolA - evyaya 1- kuMDaliyAM 1-- rAsaka 14- mlavama 18- irmita 15- harigItikA 1. pATikA 19.Adola 20- aDevA 11- kAkTa 23- pAdAkula 17- pari 31- bAyo 28-marahaTcha 30-mAdhA - aDillA - dvivapadI 1. viSayI - upendrakamA 4-vilaMbita 1- nAti 5- rathotA 1- mAlinI 10-nArAba - sArasI ina tyo praNiya bo ra vistAra vivAnoM ne mAra DAlA are para milA nahIM diyA mAsA hai| kucha june hue pApiyakI pariva diyA jAnA thA jaina kavigoM meM dezIboM goliyoM se hamArA unnIsadoM kA parI aura parikama prabhAgAvakiA gA rahA hai|

Page #1026
177 ina dezI hadoM meM adhikAMza da, vAla, bata aura saMgIta para AdhArita hai| ataH pramukha itiyoM meM ina devI ke kI kyA sthiti rahI hai inakI vikAsa paramparA kyA hai Adi kA adhyayana apekSita hai|aadikaaliin ina racanAoM meM jivatI maulikatA ina mizrabandhoM kI milatI hai utanI anyaraMdoM kI nahIM milatI / dezI chedoM kI paramparA kA anuzIlana bhI isa prasaMga meM Avazyaka pratIta hotA hai| rAjasthAna meM loka sAhitya ne ina devI chaMdoM ko jIvita rakhA hai| jitanI mI mItAtmaka DAleM, jo ye kavi gAte the, chanda pradhAna hai |ye DhAle abhUtapU saratA se bhotaprota kama vAlavatta evaM mAtrArata se anusyUMta hai| jaina kavi jana kavi the| nagara nagara meM grAma grAma meM unakA vihAra hone ke kAraNa unhoMne jitanA aura jo kucha liyA vaha saba jana bhASA meM likhA hai| jana mAvA meM loka saMgIta kA pravAha hotA hai| saMgIta se jana sAdhAraNa ko prabhAvita mI zIghra kiyA jA sakatA hai ataH unhoMne kaI rAgoM ko ina doM kA mAdhyama banA hai| kaI chaMda se unhoMne naI rAgoM ko iba-se nirmita kI ora kaI rAgoM se unhoMne naye da bnaaye| saMskRta, prAkRta aura apabhraMza meM zAstrI zilpa ke AdhAra para da racanA hotI thI ina avira kAla ke kaviyoM ko zAstrIyatA kA yaha saMda baMdhana nahIM thaa| unhoMne isalie saMyukta vratya (strophia netems) athavA free a foa, jaisA vAdA sAsaMda meM tor3a maror3a kiyaa| unakA apanA yaha parivartana lagabhaga aneka chaMdoM meM spaSTa parilavita hotA hai| kaMdoM meM kie gae isa parivartana ke zAstrIya vilpa kI yA kahI taka huI, vaha to nizcita kama se nahIM kahA jA sakatA parantu satya to yaha thA ki isake strIya ve ft afe fee hI nahIM thii| vo kucha bhI likhanA cAhate the jana bhAvA barata aura pivI kI miThAsa lie hue isake atirikta milA dama sAdhAraNa kI samaya va kavi kI vastu bhI bana gae the, kyoMki unameM atra kA marA rakhA thA. ina kaviyoM ne jana bhASA meM ghulakara kAvya racanA kii| isakA prabhAga jAge calakara yaha huA ki kavigaNa pUrI pUrI ramAeM hI

Page #1027
178 unhIdoM ke nAma para karane lge| aneka kRtiyoM kA to nAmakaraNa hI ina do ke AdhAra para kiyA gayA hai| yoM kI DhAleM Aja bhI rAjaE Tna meM aneka rUpa se gAI jAtI hai| pala zabda kA artha hI saMgIta kI vibhinna varSoM se liyA jAtA hai| yaha rAjasthAna kA saMgIta kI vibhinna rAmoM aura unake silpa se liyA jA sakatA hai| ataH vibhinna khedoM meM kaviyoM ne vipimma rAgoM meM ye loka pracalita bAteM prastuta kI hai| ye dAleM yahI vibhinna prakAra se gAI jAtI hai| aMgIta tatva kA sammizraNa hone se ye dezI banda loka pracalita ho gapa hai - sabajanAya hai| maMdoM kI ina dezI bAloM kA svarUpa rAjasthAna ke vibhinna rAsoM aura phAgoM maidekhA jA sakatA hai| gujarAta meM pracalita garabA gIta rUpaka hai| rAjasthAnameM pracalita ipha ke gItoM meM bhI ye DAleM apanA samatkAra dikhAtI hai| vastutaH ina dezI do kI paka lokamacAlita paramparA rahI hai yi DhADe mukta hotI hai yA inameM kisI zAstrIya zilpa kA baMdhana nahIM hotaa| parantu phira bhI isakA apanA nibaMdhana viveka hai jisake AdhAra para aneka varSI me ye loka gItoM kI prAti prApavAna aura jana pracalita hai| dezI do kI paramparA hameM saMskRta se hI milane lagatI hai| ina dezI baMdhoM kA udgama rahA hai, yaha sahI nahI baDhAnA vo kaThina hai parantu saMskRta meM imakA mala kAlidAsa ke vinodI meM milA hai| ina bI boM uhagama kelie rAma ko nahIM lAyA jA sktaa| vAstava kI gharAta anusyUta thaa| bharata ne nATayazAstra meM eka ke aneka prakAra die hai| kAlidAsa meM vikramozI meM kaI prakArake mAgAsa die hai| kimozI meM garmita athava ke boM meM aneka mAnA mila bAni hAlakA gA sakatA hai inameM voDA, baupAI aura pla boM kA prayoga mA hai| bo udAharaNa dekhie: ra ekopi bhAvatyo abirala pArA cAravidhA mukAbalo mI puDhavipakko maha pina bipi

Page #1028
979 haupaI pulipi albAhi gamavaka lali apahArANAmi tasvaka iraviNijji asa sahakAnti viTTha pica paI saMbhuDa kadhI mera dezIboM ke rUpa meM khUba pracalita hue| hemacandra ke dAnuzAsana meM bhI ye va milate hai| hemacandra ke pazcAt jayadeva ne gIta govinda meM ina do kA khulakara prayoga kilA hai| unakA gIta govinda devI hadoM meM likhI racanA hai himacandra meM dohA aura plavaMga kA prayoga nahIM kiyaa| jayadeva me sabaiyA aura caupAI kA miti svarUpa prastuta kiyA nA harigItikA aura dhUlaNA ke vividha prayoga kie| unake gIta goviMda meM mUlapA chaMda / mAtrAoM tathA (20, 17, 7 ) bhAtrAoM kA bhI bhUnapA upalabdha hotA hai| sAtha hI usane harigItikA kI hI bhAti caupAI mI prastuta kI hai| unake vibhinna prabandhoM meM ina dezI chaMdoM kA mAnanda liyA jA sakatA hai| udAharaNArtha bhUyA ko hI lIjie- usameM 24, 20 aura 17 mAtrAoM ke mila jAte hai| saMvaigA kI hI mAvi unhoMne caupAI ko bhI vividha rUpoM meM prastuta kiyA hai| lA bathA savaivA kI hI mAticIbAI ke kucha prasiddha udharava dekhie: bAsi yadi kiMvipi banda gari kauvI jati baratimira gADi sphuradayara bIca aba bana candramA rocavalokana kyorama priya bAzIta, muMbanavi bhAna bhanidAnam / rasada meM mAmAnoM kA nA hai| mAmAnoM kA mAnasipaH maMjura vasalakati sadana, vikasarI parikSa bane pravina rANe bhAva spIki..

Page #1029
180 pauyA kI hI pAti caupAI kA eka uddharaNa ulkhanIya hai:. lalita savaMga latA parizIlana komala malaya samIre madhukara nikara karavitakokti kRti kA kuTIre viharati haririha sarasa vasanta nRtyati avavijanena masasi virahi janasya durate / ravi sukha pAre gatamA bhisAre padana manohara vaizma na kucha nitambini gamana vilambana anusara bahatyema pIra samIre yamunAtIre vasasti ne vana mAThI gopI pIna payodhara mardana caMcala kara yuga zAlI-2 ina padoM ke atirikta purI hindI meM prayukta kaI Ida jayadeva ne praka kie hai,jo saba dezI galoM ke / 12vIM vAhI vibhinna rAgoM meM prayukta ina dezI chaMdoM kA samAnAdi-kAlIna jaina jaina donoM kaviyoM para avazya hI par3A hogaa| saMskRta meM ye dezI va nahIM upalabdha hote jayadeva ne to rAgoM meM aSTapatiyAM taka kI aSTapAdiyA saMskRta meM nahIM milatI hai| jayadeva ke ina do kI priya rAmoM ke mAma mI vibhinna pradezoM ke mApa para hI udAharavA- moDakI,rI, mAlavagaur3a, kITa, barmata, dezI barADI, maigbI aadi| abadeva ina vo kA prabhAva paravaDI kAla kI rakhanAoM para khUba par3A hai| ina Adi kAlIma racanAoM meM dezI boM kA khUba prayoga bayadeva kI mIsimiThAsa aura dezI rAgoM camatkAra ke kAraNa hI diyAgayA hogaa| dezI chaMdoM kA yaha prayoga bhA gujarAtI garabI, paravo pI yApta ma mila pAtA hai| hamAre mAtoya kAla kI rasanAmoM ko kaIdA kI rakSA dezI bAloM ke Ara para hI mene pIpIpI moniya niyamI rAyoM gAne ke lie ye va upalabdha -

Page #1030
181 the ayaM sa rAgera gAvata gIra goviMdA- sUna isI bAta kI puSTi karatA hai| ata: dezI chaMdoM kA yaha krama jayadeva se prArambha hokara purAnI hindI prAcIna rAjasthAnI tathA bhUmI, gujagaDI kI racanAoM meM khUba mukharita huA hai| rAjasthAnI meM dezI DAle, tathA gujarAta kI prasiddha garabiyA isa laya sAla samanvita chaMdoM ke Adhunika pratinidhi svAma hai| ina svamAnoM meM prayukta kucha prasiddha prakAra ke saMvoM meM vaividhya bahuta hai|ek sabase bar3I vizeSatA ina dezI do inakI geyatA hai| geyatA ke lie kaviyoM ne ba ke pI -ekAra- aura ukAra kA DUba prayoga kiyA hai| apara kA deza rAmaka in| do kA sundara anya hai tathA AdikAlina ina kRDiyoM meM paravIMkAla meM liyA gayA auna andha pravIrAja rAso mI ina bAla ittoM kI bhasAra milatI hai| ina doM meM ukta vargIkaraNa ke anusAra lagabhaga sabhI prakAra ke chaMdoM kA pariSada vibhinna anyoM meM vistAra se mila jAtA hai| inameM samAviSadI mISiyA bArI evaM bhUtaNA, vina hivadI gAthA, samana padI meM nArAba pAdAkulaka, pakaTikA catuSpadI, rAsaka aDilala, sarasvatI, plavaMga, rAsa,rolA, 'dvivapadI,parasTA , tribhaMgI aura irmila,adhasama tumbabI meM rAma, dohaka, DaNikA, sArasikA, viSama catuSpadI pikA, paMcapadI mAmA, vAdI, maSTapadI yA divamI mazaH upamAvi, mA, pavana, divasIya prati hai, jinakA zAmika vargIkarako melavakara meM prastuta kiyaa|' isa prakAra sa rakAnoM kI pAtrika, minabaMdha yA bAlAsa tathA vArSika aura beTI va prathama nA viparikya pratyeka vAdI kI racanA ke prAgAra para hI vinA sAkAra kucha viziSTa kRtiyoM meM praksI pinA bayAna ho skegaa| kRtiyoM yI vA to parivAth. - - apayara gAlI gAva mAvAna gAdhI . //

Page #1031
982 (4) bharatezvara bAibalI rAma- (2vIM zatAbdI) mibaMdha racanA kA prArambha kiyA gayA hai| tathA (6 ) (e ) mA AoM kI tIna padoM kI 15 kar3iyoM meM mizrabaMdha hai| kavi ne isa chada ko rAsaIda kahA hai| kavi ne apane da spaSTa kahA :rAsa yA rAsaka AMdaIDiva pANisa rAsaha vihi mama hara mana AbaMbahi pAviti bhavINa mAmalayo / DA. bhAyAgI ne saMvara rAsaka kI bhUmikA rAsa da meM dohA, aDilla,pattA, dulhana, mAyA raDA, bomA, haDaNiyA, bhadghADiyA Adi saba ko sammilita kiyA hai, para virAma rAma ke lakSaNa aso nahIM milte| DA. hajArI prasAda dvivamevI rAsadako 15 mA ToN kA kahate hai| saMdevarAsaka kA eka rAsaka ca dekhie: ke ni pahiya piko vizu pika utkarivariya khsr keli baaki khtiy' dAmapahara pani cala ramaNa mari huDavi zikSita samAvati kisa rakha pAri paratAvara mAhubalI rAma kA rAmaba dekhie guNa pahara bhaMgAra sAlimAni mAmITara kIya pa bIpi variSa bharata narevara rAidiI isa divapadI milatI hai| bikane apane bulsa Adi samaya do prakAra ke ToN kA kiyA hai| vipadI aura dUsare meM vivArItyA : n umeram 1-parazvara kAmaThI rAsAbIbATa vAmagopI.sa - - - 4. parAvara bAkI

Page #1032
183 bahuta sambhava hai ki yaha divapadI vAlA hI rAma ho / pRthvIrAja rAThau meM rAsA ke vibhinna rUpa milate hai| jinameM 21, 23, 24, 26 Adi mahatrAeM mila jAtI hai sAtha hI yati kA bhI koI nizcita rUpa nhiiN| saMdeza rAsaka meM isa da ko AyAmakA mAhAkA bhI kahA gayA hai| pro0 velaNakara ne isameM 17 (6+4+4+3) gaNa yojanA dI hai yaha bhI rAsA meM ThIka nahIM lagatI / jarmana vidvAna yAkobI ne rAsA ko nAgara apabhraMza kA pradhAna nTa batAyA hai| jo bhI ho, isa sambandha meM sthiti bahuta spaSTa nahIM hai| yoM yaha cheda kar3avaka Adi vibhinna rUpoM meM bahuta hI pracalita rahA 8 (2) vahuta- yaha dhda bahuta hI prasiddha hai jo pa tezvara bAhubalI rAsa meM ( 16-17, (07,78, 95, 137, 138) ke atirikta aura pI anaikaracanAoM yathA pradhumnacariva, jinadatta caura, (37, 45, 11, 10, 153, 240, 403)' jinezvara sUri, terest, kacchUlIrAma, maMca pAnDavavarita rAhu (1838, 114, 141 155) gautamarAva (1) This is the principal Metre employed in building up the frame of Sandesh Rasak. (11) The 'Rasa' metre used in the body of (1) This is the priff}.FLUF.BLUT'E*JULTUJ V 5053 frame of Sandesh Rasak. (11) The metre used in the body of - dina dIpaka *dAna #TOT (3) #gtar: kaDavaka saMdeza rAsaka: DA0 mAyAmI bhUmikA bhAga 053 3- dekhie vakttakahA : sampAdaka yAkobI 1071-72 / 4- maratezvara bADulI rAmaH zrI bhagavAna thii| - jinadatta para baina bodha saMsthAna jayapura meM saMgrahIta (samakA viya) OM surjara rAjAkI 01-2 * " duvArA zrI jayazevarasUri sampAdaka zrI lAla kA anayada bhagavAna gAMdhI jai0 A0pra0

Page #1033
( kar3I 7,27,44,50), tribhuvanadIpaka prabandha (4, 8,47, 104, 151, 226, 27, 2071 1 vidyAvilAsavAr3I (149) Adi aneka kRtiyoM meM prayukta huA hai| isake anya nAma vakta yA vadhu bhI milatA hai| yaha saMyukta vRtta hai tathA rolA aura ullAlA ke saMyoga se banA hai isake pratyeka pada meM 24 mAtrAeM hotI hai| yaha da apabhraMza meM bhI khUba prayukta huA hai| isako saMdeza rAsaka meM kAvya yA vaya (vastuma) bhI kahA gayA hai / eka udAharaNa dekhie: 4 rAu parApa suniSi dUta maraha baiTha bhUmi saraha rAu amha sahodara savA koDi kumArihiM sahIya surakumara dehi avara nara paMtrimahAcara maMDaliya ra parivAra kahi na sakuzala vicAra sAmagraha grAma isa cheda meM pAMca caraNa hotA hai aura nIce ke do caraNoM kI mAtrA to dAhe kI aura 15 mAtrAe~ vitIya evaM hI 24 hotI hai| prathama caraNa ke anta meM tRtIya caraNa meM 13 15 28 mAtrAeM tathA caturtha aura paMcama caraNa meM 22 ma hotI hai| kula mAtrAoM kI saMkhyA 119 hotI hai| prathama caraNa kI sAta mAtrAoM kI prAyaH vAvRtti kara dI jAtI hai| zrI narottamadAsa lAgI isakA dUsarA nAma raDhaDA bhI batalAte hai| DA0 mAvANI meM isakI gaNa gaNanA isaprakAra dI hai: 2 gaNa 10 Rs 3 * gaya # * vastutaH cheda prAcIna rAjasthAnI sAhitya meM vivektaH jaina sAhitya meM dUna prayukta huA hai| (3) moTaka yA TaTaka yaha bhI paroM kA saMda hotA hai maratezvara bAikI rAsa (144-152) 1 tribhuvana dIpaka zrI jayezevara sara 1-46 2- sarjarI 88-100 3- vedavAyI aura unakA kAvya DA0vipina bihArI trivedI 0252-255 * dezakA mAgAmI 058 5- devi rAjasthAna bhAratI baiMka bhAga 4 pariziSTa 1 pR0 55 tathA hindI anuzIlana varSa 113038 (6) saMdeza rAsaka bhUmikA mA sampAdaka DA0 mAyANI pR058| kA cAra maidAcita hI, taji baira pramoda bhare hitahI (ku0pra030)

Page #1034
185 maiM cavala Taka ke rUpa meM khUba prayukta huA hai| vaha bhI mitra tAla vRtta hai| yaha avaNa rahita 4 garmI vAlA chaMda hai| yaha chaMda mAnika na hokara varNita hai| isameM AlocakoM ne 4 hI carana badAma hai anta meM do laghu aura eka gurU eka pakti meM kula 2 varSa hote hai parantu bharatezvara bAhu balI rAsa meM dhavala ke sAtha mizra karane se isameM caraNa ho gae hai jisameM eka carama meM kuMDaliyA kI bhAMti usI vitIya caraNa kI punarAvRtti hotI hai yathA vara vara savara vIra, AvAsa dhIra, maMDalIya miliyA jAna iva hIM maMgala gAna mI maMgala gAna gAjiyama giri guTa guma guma dhama dhamIya cAmala satIya na sakcha sekulagiri kamakamadda isa ghasIya dhAvaI dhAraNa bali dhIra vIra viDaMDae samarana maMDalI na maMDapa-1 isameM antima cArabarana dhvala yA sarasvatI diyA hai| dhavala yA sarasvatI vala para Age vicAra kiyA gayA hai| (4) sarasvatI dhavala isa cheda ko dhavala bhI kahate hai| dhavala aura maMgala doSa ke chedoM meM prayukta hai| yaha ya bharatezvara bAkI 12 144-151 triva dIpaka prabandha (72-76, 30-36, 18-361) suMdara devI bImAI sahi vala ke hai| kavi ne donoM ko isameM milA dAna kA malakheDe (nijAma) nirmaca kuTI isa hai vi DI, mana DoTako viviDI rakhavitA: zrI 0 8- - sampAdaka janA jaima prakAreTa jaina saMsthAna 1- bhAratIya vimA banina varSa 550 14 pada 145 - The following two peculiarities of the APBERNSA metres deserve to be noted. The first of them is the appendage of the terms Dheval and Mangala to the names of these metres, when a particular metre is employed to praise or favourably describe a hero (Dhavala) in the popular language 1.0. Apbhramsa it gets the appendage Dhaval to it. The on utanha metre when thus employed will be called Utasha dhaval, a doba will be Doha dhawal and so on. When on the other hand, the same metres are employed in describing some auspicious occasion, they will get the appendage of the name Mangal attached to them at the end Jhusve may have Utsah Mangal - Doha Masal, and po and so on. Journal of the Bombay UniAlert th Tonnary. 60.

Page #1035
mitrabaMdha ke milatA hai| avalAda meM cAra caraNa hote hai| yaha bAla vRtta mAtrika hai|dhvl kI pratyeka pakti caupAI aura dohe kA samacaraNa hai| isa prakAra yaha cAra caraNoM kI yojanA hai| eka udAharaNa dekhie rohI rAuta bAda pAli bijAra binA bAlI bakka pahabara pUThitimi vAli bolae balavIya bhaisajeravA re re rahi hi kupIu rAu, bitva jAmi hindhu mArie vigaNa koDa na abA apAya vaya jogima jINA jIva (5) do caupAI soraThA. bAlAta samabhaga sabhI kRtiyoM meM milate hai| dohA aura caupAI zaka to rabanAeM taka milatI hai yathA- mAtRkA dohA, nArasarI, doDA, neminAtha catuSpadikA, viDaMgati kApaDa, mAtRkA kApaDa, jinadatta kaapdd| moratA mI bAdhA praDakA humA paramezvara bAhubalI rAma ke mA sAtha tInoM pratyeka racanA meM milatA hai| ina para vistRta prakAza nahIM DAlA gayA hai| ye kisI anyoM ke sAtha milakara jaba mitrameva bana jAte hai taba inakA mUlyAkama mAvazyaka ho jAtA hai|mt: yatra tatra baDA inakA vibhinna niyoM meM mile prayoga nA hogA bar3A ina para sthAna prakAza DAlA bhaavgaa| yA va paraveyara bAhubalI ke sabUba masta bA kami meM baupAI aura baragala kA mitha yiaa| paratesvara bAhubalI meM yaha bAta 1- paroravara bAkI zrImatI para Doba la amalarly = purely Apbhxanda Metre, but la a Tal Tratta, as I have shown abom and has been employed since very old days DOTramanarratsopoetry.. bAma bhAratakAmI-apola pITa18. bArA karababAhidIsAhityakA vikAsa

Page #1036
187 hunA hai| ThavaNi pada 80-84 taka kI bAra kar3I, ThavaNi 8 pada (105-10)meM, yaha eMva prayukta jamA hai| samarArA bhI vI bhASA meM paramAkula ke 15 16 mAtrAoM ke carama phira // pAtrAoM kA ikAi baraNa, kamalI rAsa prathA idvidharAma (-4) meM bhI paraNAkula chaDa prayukta mA hai| yaha geyatA pradhAna hai tathA AdikAlIna hindI jaina kaviyoM kI maulika vizeSatA hai| tIna katiyoM ke uddharaNa desipa1- bharatevara bAhubalI TE- (1) bUdI vi ubagAra mayaro, dhanakSama kaMcanaravani pabaro avara pavara kiri amarapuro (2) 2. samarArA- (1) harapiTha harapAra bIti paDatA e madhumolavikare pamA dIvaha nAri saMghaha, pa jovaNa utAvalIe / mAulA bahina bagiha bagulA pa bAgi priyagRhIe (2) - kamlI : (1) analakuMDa saMthama paramAra, zanivAra bAbU girivara bAI pAro' inakAra isa racanA ko kavi meM baupAI se minabaMdha karake prayukta kiyA hai| zabda isakI parakhA aura devatA kA pratIka hai| bharatAvara gAThI vini svAmiyoM kI ca aura unakI kucha vistAra isa prakAra .. (1) varSa meM AviSaya banna --kA prayoga ho TV vikAra kA prayoga hoNa-1) ( pi... bAI baraNA kA farm ( 1) M) piparapAvApAI (1) pagala TakamAvi baizI chaba hai| (VaantrasvatI ( 5) - -mANa pUrI . Tag.an

Page #1037
188 ( roThA yaha ca ghira mabalita hai| isako kAvya bhI kahate hai| isake pratyeka carama meM 14 mAtrA tathA para yati hotI hai| yAca paraveyara bAibalI rAsa meM vvaNi. (10), vaNi 1619.14), revaMtagiri rAmadIna kAmaka kramamA rolA, 'padezamAlA kAmaya chappaya saMDave trirAja .54, ente) pathaharAma meM, samarArA bIsarI bhASA meM skUlibhadramA (rolA ), pabamAnDama caritarA vapi -) gautama rAma (pAzA ! hI 1-4), meM prayukta hamA hai| isake bama po ( 4 athavA rat aar) aura viSama po meM athavA + + mAnA hotI hai visieH tapaya guru bAmi kosa vesAsari patna vittAli baLamAvi ra savigA nimares puNyabera saMbhAri samara samaraMgavi pitra, bimasAmaSi jayavaMta muddha samaraMgavi jitra (upadeza mAlA kahANaya chappaya ) (ba) devIparavA ( ka), svapi kAra bA mokA desI sa(15-2) bapi mrt+ kAparaNA - yA vyapi kina paba meM pakAra mA dohA bAma pracalita hai| ye vAlA hai| bonoM nAva meM pArA prayoga kiyA hai| - vaina banAyo kAkI koniyAba revagiri rAkI (11) me bhasatavatI, gAnTika garIba, * 1-01

Page #1038
paktiyoM meM, pinezvara mUri vIvADalA mavastu eva ke sAtha bhUlavA, samarArA (pApA 8 maiM bhUlagA kI kar3iyoM kA eka pada (1) jimodaya mUri vivAhala meM (bar3I 20- , -9 tathA 4-54 taka 7 mAtrAnoM kA bhUlavA ) prayukta pUjA / yaha chaMda jaina kRtiyoM mata maulika vAlA hai| isake pratyeka caraNa meM 10 mAtrAe hotI hai tathA 17, , para yati hotI hai| yaha sama bhASika vRtta hai| apara meM yaha ba nahIM prayukta humA hai| eka udAharaNa dekhie calA calA pahiyoNi caDiyara mAdiSiNa patrI hijoDAe mahAdhi kAdami dUra dakSatari dhamiliyA adhi bhani nA1 // bhAbhika motiSa caraka sUra pUrA ratana maha bei sovana javArA azoka vana anubhASa pallava dalihi ritupateraciyale toraNamAlA devakanyA miliya bhavale maMgala diyA kinara gAyahi jagata gurI lAma mArata puraguro bApa panI kA sidha mUri guro / ' (2) avara bara pAri punyAra pAre mUla nakSAvisaha sArI zuSaI sura nAI nara caraNa caDAmaNi jAma putra narabaya kumAro / vastutaH nizvara rivIvamahaloM meM mUlagA kA vastu chada ke sAtha sarva prathama hI prayoga milatA hai| yaha pIliyA hai| (ba) asalenI - jI hA maha banA vividha desI bAloM meM lipI ma nameM vibhinna vibhinna meya bAta ubAranA se panI vipakI kamI bopAbA kI, 8vIM kar3I meM savaiyA, bhI kahI maa| 5.4mo nimTi melA pradhAna RTE kA doDA, 1 se 15 (t mA mithstinii rolA aura 115 kar3I - pUragalImI mA u Meet na bAda hI bagarakanda paMvaralAla nATA pu.|| KARjinIri pala pIvara)

Page #1039
meM saMvaiyA kI do pakkyiA -118 rolA tathA 19 meM plavaMga iMda prayukta huA hai| yaha saba saptakSetrI rAsu ka DI ) tribhuvana dIpaka prabandha meM prayukta gujA hai jaina kaviyoM ibArA prayukta yA dezI tathA vividha vAloM meM gAyA jAtA hai| plATa kA prayoga kAlidAsa ke vikramozI ke parva baiMka ke apabhraMza ke zo meM prayuktahamA hai| ataH kavi ne sapta kSetrIrA meM isa nItika da kA purAnI hindI meM sarvaprathama prayoga / udAharaNa dekhie: jo sadi ravi mamANihi gai mahimaMDali vA vara rAja paviya jina sAsipi nimmala graha mAtra sArikA vyApaI mayamaMtu zrIsaM banA miNa sAyana (saptavetriya rA- pada 105) (ga) peyaDa yA kIrAva isa kRSi meM rotA, bohA, baupaI aura caupAyA prabalita hai| isameM prayukta sabaiyA dezI DAloM ke hai| racanAkAra ne kAra vAlA dohA prayukta kiyA hai dizI dA kI paramparA meM yaha kRti kA yoga devI hai|is racanA meM se agni kIbo milatA para kI thI pati ullekhanIya hai, jisameM kavi rakhanA rAI meM hameM jIna bAra bAvana mAranA prakA 4 dezI va dRSTaya lio prathama bokA vijana batyanta mahatvapUrNa hai| maiva batva inakI pradhAna vizeSatA hai| bAroM do ke ubArama vA die jA rahe hai:(a)- bhAva maNIya mata paribIya ToDara pati moktAbae palako pAla pAlIvAriri pAnI bancha kArae bAbIna pitA zihi kima kAmo bAbA mAvaTI lIva pIvApara - - - bImara ridhimA basIva barobara pAle pati baI vadhAmanI rIura harivIue harizIna maSi nihAle pikaDa rAsa pu.24-3.1

Page #1040
111 baDau saMthAtipati loka badAmaca belaDIyA saMgha paData tahi calayara akhaMDa pIbhAgapa Age kI do dezI DAloM meM 27 mAtrAoM ke savaiyA kA dezI rUpa hai| jayadeva ke gIta govinda meM prayukta loka pracalita ina devI chaMdoM kI paraMparA kA nirvAha sarvaprathama pethaDa rAkha ke racanAkAra maMDalika ne isa kRti meM kiyA hai| ye dezI da gIta govinda kI hI pAThimIThe hai| dUsarA baMdha tAlavRtta dejie / savaiyA kI yaha devI apUrva saMgIta se otaprota hai: (ja) savaiyA kI dezI DAla rAjalakaMsa, hi nAciepa sahiDI pa lalAgIya giranAre refer kaliyAmakA sAmalaDara saMsAre / / vahi nAcina pa aMga paravali sumadama, pa jala paharIya dhotI pravI 1 indra mahotsava bIyaraMgI tarhi vayaThati bahu parvata as nA Aye isI savaiyA kI devI kI bhAMti doharoM kI devI bhI iSTuvya hai| isase pracalita devI da atyanta sarasa hai| kavi hariyAlA sUDAre manItA sUhA re- Adi madhura zabdoM dvArA rakSA kA mahatva aura adhika bar3ha jAtA hai dekhie (ba) dohoM kI devI DA avivi mA moraha pUrI jabaloIna jagannAtha ire pUjana juhArIya valIkA pe kama kIyAtha lImA gaI minAri state baMda baMdIya devI hI bAma far tari for mana ravi maMDalika mamai Isa viDi nA # ki pIvAna meri hari harIbAlA dUhAre dUra hai saMta manIlA haare| 1- prA0yU0 kA 0 18-19 - nahI grantha (000018-19 /

Page #1041
isameM vaha nAcina padoM kI punarAvRtti isakI geyatA kA pramANa hai vastutaH aura vibhinna dezI chaMdoM ke vikAsa meM pethaharAsa kA ina prAcIna devI mahatva vismaraNIya rhegaa| 112 # per3a rAma kI hI bhAMti kabyUlIrAja meM do mahatvapUrNa dezI DhAleM hai jinameM paka dohe kI tathA dUsarI koI divapadI hai| ye vipadiyAM santavetrIya rAja (kaDI 1-18) umarA bhASA meM 14 divapadI paca pAnDava carita rASTra meM coast at meM eka mizradha / divapadI aura eka caupAI) Adi kAvyoM meM prayukta huI hai| inameM zabdoM kA bAra bAra Avartana inakI pramukha vizeSatA hai| eka udAharaNa matvartha bhAla hogA: (sa) divapadI DAla sevara hi rahine ve guru vidhi baMDo viess bAbata paravaliye, pIpa laMbI laMbI baMDu pathaMDo va ritA milkiri hoi gara ka vAiTa kI maMDavaDe vikI ra vIra vika arefree frigeIna ura TharaMtu mI bhAcI rahimatIya DoDara DImDa para bAcI zurU kI vahatu kI bI marAThI garibI, pari nayA nadI ke pro0 belakara ne isakI mamatA yati aura saMgItAtmakatA ke 10 00

Page #1042
333 sambandha meM paryApta vizleSaNa kiyA hai|' yaha divapadI prAkRta ke gAyA yA gAvA chaMda kA hI eka devIya upameda hai| apaca ke virahIka ko lekara maga mI kaviyoM ne ina prayoga kiyA thaa| isakA nAma Dubai bhI milatA hai| DA0 400 bhAvAnI ne isakI gama skIma ko vaha rAsaka kI bhUmikAmeisa prakAra spaSTa kiyA 1: (tu ~ ~ + u 8 +8 +8 +~~~-~ dubaI tathA divapadI cheda ke padoM ke viSaya meM bhI vidvAnoM meM (" nahIM hai| isakA svarUpa vizlevana pro0 velaNakara ne ThIka prakAra se kiyA hai| jisameM isakA vatuSpadI sya bhI milatA hai|' mastAna meM devI DhAloM meM vipadI kI yaha kAla paryApta sarasa hai 1. There can be no doubt that the Yati that is mentioned in the case of the Dvipadia is of a musical nature. It cannot be a mere narrative pause, which is always a short one and is intre dused in the middle of a line for the convenience of the narration to allow some breathing time Journal of the University of Bogbay page 48 APEHRANS METERES By Prof. Valenkar. 2. A few words on the name 'Duvai' Alsdorf finds it strange that in the face of the name 'Duval (Dwipaddi) defines it as a metre of four Pada In his eom, Vanshidhar discusses for a different reason whether 'Davai is a two lined metre or it is Sour Imod saMdeza zAsaka; bhUmikA, pR. 60 - 61 3(1), Even from very old days, there exists a difference of opi nion as to whether the Gatha should be considered as a Dvipadi or a catuspadi. There are however a few points which help to decide in favour of its being considered a Dripadi. The chief among them is the last quarter of the metre. Had the Gatha been conceived as a catuspadi of the Ardharsama type, the last quarter would have been always equal to the second, as the third is equal to the first. Nor can it be regarded as a Visan Gatuspadi as the first and the third quarters are aimilar. It is therefore evident that the Gatha was con ceived as a prinadi of the Visam like the Sikha and the Mala,"

Page #1043
114 tathA isakI meyavA va tAla hI ise lokapriya banAne meM sahAyaka huI hogii| yaha ca bhI jaina kaviyoM meM ati pracalita rahA hai| vaha rAsa meM mavaiyA kI dezI bAhoM meM kucha mAtrAmoM ko ghaTA babAkara nibhaMgI kA prayoga milatA hai| trimaMgI mAlika aura barSika donoM ko milatA hai| prastuta kRti pethaharAma meM isakA mAtrika sahI milatA hai| mAtrika vRtta yA nAtta vibhaMgI (+ c+ 8) 1 mAtrA milatI hai| yaha adyAvadhi prApta rAnI hindI kI kRtiyoM meM kevala baharAma hI milatA hai| kAlAntara meM caMdabaradAyI ne vIrAja rANe meM isakA prayoga kiyA thaa| tribhaMgI cheda ke udAharaNa dekhie| cambhiva nimA lobamalika saMvatpara mamA bhavISaNa mAnavIya pariyatita pabIyA lAlAI dhaNakamala balaci lIyA rami rAma urva navarasa navaraMga mabIbapare api sApAnI pI jozI niraMtara parehi ghre|' devAlaya gAThIva mAvi vizAtIya ditIya vAlI raMmi phiratI irisa bhare mahinAvAlA malA nA moThA DA ravi ramaI / (11) One more curious thing about the name Dripadi is that trak very old times. It is applied to matures which admittedly contain more than two 108 in them. Thna VJ8 II 1.) do fines # Dyipadi se a atrophe made with four Vastulon 8 ot413nesomhand+GItnot the Bhadrka type coming at the end of auch one of the four Vastukas. This 18 yar visual, though this in the meaning of the Text even Romaratheethem atater. pahI pR.56-50 1 caravAI aura umA kAvya - *. Kaha inii 5.26 2 prA. guga 10 saM0 zrI mAna pR. 25 jIzira 10 3 vahI 1.25

Page #1044
115 isa prakAra yaha triyaMgI tAla kA mahatva spaSTa karatA hai| geyatA isa chaMda kA pradhAna guNa hai| dezI DhAloM meM Dhala jAne se hI yaha cheda jana pracalita ho gyaa| samarA rAsa: (11)_tripadI isa rAsa meM dohA, caramAkula tyA phUlamA baMda milate hai| eka vizeSa tathA maulika devI da"tripadI" milatA hai| yaha sirpha isI rAsa meM prayukta hubA hai rAsakAra ne sambhavataH tIna padoM ko milAkara isa maulika dezI chaMda kI dRSTi kI hai| ataH isada kA vilpa bAta hai| trivedI samArAsa kI 11vIM bhASA meM hI prayukta huA hai| tripadI kA yaha chaMda pUrva varNita kAvyoM meM nahIM milatA / samarArA meM kavi ne 6 kar3iyoM meM isakA prayoga kiyA hai: ki ina puri jo pa nagalI saphalakarau rikari ArapAra nivamA netri kareSu beDI beDIya joDi bali e kI baMdhivArI // 3 // devAlA mAhi baLa e saMpati sahita kahara lAi jaga pravaha e bAi vimAna jima ante are as navaraMga pa rAva kADAra // 4 // (bamarArATra bhASA 1vIM) chaMdoM ko dekhane para isako tIna tIna pada ibArA vaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki kavi ne isakA tripadI nAmakaraNa saMbhavataH isIlie kiyA hogaa| yaha bhI sambhava hai ki ve vathA pracAra ke lie kavi ne ise anya pracalita yoM se lokapriya bana athavA kAvya meM baMda vaiviSya prastuta karane kI iSTi se isakA prayoga kiyA ho / paMca vADava barita rA isakA kA paricaya isa prakAra : tyoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| vyaNi krama se chadoM meM 16+6+13 )kA caraNAkula, phira 1- marA rAi mAyA va devi prA00 kA0 sNgrh|

Page #1045
(12) vastu, vani 2 meM mizrabaMdha meM (vipadI caupAI) vvaNi (1-5) meM dezI soraThA tathA dohA, caupAI, rolA vastu vvaNi 6 meM viSama caraNa caupAI tathA soraThThA (a) soraThA (ba) sorA 116 1 samacaraNa meM dohA tathA anta meM geyatA ke lie pakAra kA prathama devI savaiyA kI 4 kar3iyA phira dohA ke samacaraNa meM 4 caraNa tathA 1 harigItikA / isameM dezI DhAla (328-325, 342, 149, 356-363 meM (15 + 13) mAtrAeM milatI hai| yaha bAla sarasvatI cavala nAma se hai tathA bharatezvara bAhubalI rAsa meM pada 144, 46, 48, 50 aura 52 meM tathA jayavevara ke tribhuvana dIpaka prabaMdha meM sarasvatI kala ke nAma se milatI hai| uba i7 maiM (13+11) kA dezI khoraThA milvaaii| jisameM pa kI AvRtti hai| soraThA kI yaha devI revaMtagiri rAhu meM bhI prayukta kI gaI hai|" isase 1288 se pUrva mI spaSTa hotA hai ki dezI chaMdoM kIyahadezI vikrama 20 prasiddha thii| yahI soraThA kI dezI DAla marArA prayukta hotI hai| (1377) meM bhI vADava carita rAma kI 7vIM vvapi meM yaha chaMda prayukta huA hai| yaha cheda daur3A kA bilkula ulTA hai tathA (11 + 13) mAtrAoM kA hotA hai| prAkRta miMgala meM boTukA bAga jaM dohA vivarIya jima patra jamaka reate nars ki isake lakSya die hai| basoraThA se sAmya rakhatA hai| eka udAharaNa dekhie maha mUrati Ni aviSya kI tU moTI mukAni tumha sama tumhAra DaI barAr3a ha (11) (te pADava carita rA isa rAya kI pi 9 meM pratyeka 16 mAtrAoM kI baupAI hai tathA 10 se 15 ka rohA caupAI aura mastu kA saMyoga hai| 1- samarAra DI - mAyA sva dekhie prA0yU0 kA saMgraha / pI0 18.0354 prAcina 30 281-801

Page #1046
(10- harigItikA yaha chaMda paMca pAnDaba carita rAmu vyabhi 5 ke 18-41, 351, tathA 155 meM prayukta hunA hai|praakRt piMgala meM isa mAtrAvRtta ke lavaNa die hue hai|' usake anusAra isake pratyeka paba meM 28 mAtrAeM tathA isakA ( N++++++4+do mAtrA) 28 mAtrAoM kA mAtra vijJAna hai maha Ida kevala paMca pAnDava carita rAsa aura sopajara kI ramA barataragaccha paTTAvalI meM hI milatA hai- udAharaNa turaka pAyaka sAyaka sariyAM muDa carma hi phoDaI sarA maja mAniI ratha sva raba nA panI turama si puraye ratha mAMDaNI isa prakAra isameM 11 12 para yati tathA anya (5) namana Avazyaka hai isakI gati pratyeka caraNa kI nIM, vI, 19vIM yA sI mAtrAmoM ko laghu rakhane se ThIka rahatI hai| yA pAtrAoM kA davathA prayukta dezI voM meM maulika hai|yh va vidha dezI vA upalabandItiyoM meM melavanamAvi virazikI kinodaya hari vivAda- nAma kA milatA hai| isa gavya meM kar3I) mA (4-18) pAbAikamA (-4) mA meM lipI gaI hai|paa ke bara bastu (8 ,11,11,18,, pravaktA huvA hai| bAbA sabo palTI bAra isI dine prala humA yA samakAlIna makaina samAmI kI upalabdha nahIM hotaa| gvAra dekhi pAhavAi bahINi gADi dhAraka kama vara pariNaya kAra 1- daiziSaH prAja -m bAbAorinTakIrIja sI018 yahI mATA-pu. 10

Page #1047
118 ima matiya laliya suMdarI gAyaI mahara bAra mIma haripari (24) (aitihAsika jaina kAvya saMgraha) tarala turaMgani caDiyA lATnu mAgama vaMtiya dAna divaDa ca kolhUya gaNavarita samarimara jima sarasa kari kAlina kumara / (26) (pe0je0 kA0 saM0) isa prakAra isa cheda meM cAra caraNa hote haiM tathA yaha geyatA isakA pradhAna lavaNa hai| isa chaMda ke sambandha meM adhika jAnakArI upalabdha nahIM hotii| (15) kA rAsa kI mati phAgu kAvya itanA pracalita huA ki kA nAma se svataMtra kAvya phAgu cheda meM praNIta kie jAne ho kA cheda jaMbU svAmI phAgu meM, raMga sAgara naimi kA (baiMDa 1 kar3I 7-14, 27-21 27-30, khaMDa 2 kar3I 6-9, 15-19,15026, 28-30 va 36-37) meM roDa bar3I 6-0 13, 16-17 24039 vA 24 kar3iyoM meM prayukta huA hai| razdI se lekara va mAdI taka kA vaikamaneka kRtiyAM prApta huI hai| vastutaH kAya eka prakAra kA chaMda vizeSa hI ho gayA hai| kavi ne isameM doDA sAtha mAtrA baMdha karake mitra prayoga ke iko phAicheda banAyA hai| isa prakAra kI sAkyatarasUri bhI milatI hai| udAharaNa dekhie fare pAnI kA raMga kAraNa bAlI pata bArakA vAlA Dhoramaya navaraMga caMdA phAlI mA DeDhaI mAri apara upa TAIgara tire moli kanaka kyATa kama gArSika maya hos upari upari avicala cATa (vAyara nemikA)

Page #1048
199 isa prakAra anuprAsa zailI maiphAgu cheda prayukta huA hai| phAgu chaMdoM meM likhI jAne vAlI aneka kAma saMjJaka kRtiyAM jaMdUsvAmI phAgu, neminAtha phAgu, rAvaNi pArzvanAtha phATa, paratezvara cakravartI phAgu, nArInirAsa phAgu, vasaMtaphAgu sthUlabhadra phAgu Adi aneka hai|' vastutaH geya tAlavRtta ke rUpa meM yaha devI baMdha khUba prayukta huA hai| varNika vRtta rmika vRttoM kA pratinidhitva karane vAlI racanAeM tribhuvana dIpaka, prabaMdha, raMgasAgaranemikA tathA virATa parva hai| inameM virATa parva (cAlisUri dvArA viracita saM0 1478) meM khUba varmika vRttoM kA prayoga huA hai| tribhuvana dIpaka prabaMdha art raMgasAgara nemiphAgu meM 1 yA 2 hI varSika vRtta prayukta hue | sampUrNa kAma fareed afle getoM kA prayoga milatA hai| jinameM kavi ne mizra varmika kRta kA bhI prayoga kiyA hai| ye varmika vRtta isa prakAra pratyeka bhAga prayukta hue hai: Fa 55 bhAga 2 svAgatA bhAga 1 rathodhatA bhAga 1 upanAdi bhAga 1 indrakA bhAga 1 bhA aafeet mAga 1 ivavilaMbita mAga 1 mAhinI nAma ra free a bhAga 2 1 bhAga 2 3 bhAga 1 1 bhAga 20 pAma 1 18 bhAga 2 2 bhAga 2 3 bhAga 1 101 1- prAcIna kADA0 pomoThA vADevarA * 1 34 2 19 82 ** 183 vAda riTa vIja, bI0 18 0 35064 tathA 8-1

Page #1049
mitra varSika chedoM meM bhI kavi kA maulika prayAsamTavya hai| ina mizra chaMdoM kA vizleSaka isa prakAra yiA jA sakatA hai:prathama roSaktiyoM antima do paMktiyoM meMprathama bhAga..pada 48 rathodhatA indrabatrA . rathoDyA svAmavA ot rathotA svAmanA dvitIya bhAga 14 rathoDyA svAganA 20 rathoDyA svAgatA ma rathoddhA svAgatA 18 svAgatA rathoddhamA 66 modaSayA svAmavA sivitAvita svAyanA isa kati meM sabase pramukha di svAgatA hai| ina varSika chaMdoM ke atirikta jinadatta caupada meM nArAja aura baIdha mArAma sthA upendra banA aura azucitAvinaMtI meM ( . saba inivilaMbita sathA raMgasAbhara naimikA meM aTapa, vikrIDita (bar3I ) Adi prayukta hai| zAstrIya dRSTi se ina do kA pAla kimijhAyoM meM kiyA hai| aba yahI ina do para vijana ko vistAra denA navita hai| niziSTi prAmA DimdhI ni birATI kelI kRSi, vo sabakA pratiniyi tI mI manomAne uccAraNa karane gauraziyana ra mene kAraNa kibo kaThinAI upasthita 1. bahI - 1

Page #1050
ho jAtI hai| racanAoM kA isa dRSTi medhAvika mahatva hai| mAtrika varSa aura bAla kA asara isa kRti dvArA spaSTa hotA hai| bArSika kuttoM kA baMdha gaNoM se hotA hai tathA usameM mAtrAoM kI ginIjI nahIM hokara avaroM kI ginatI kI jAtI hai| vastutaH jaina ramAnoM meM sabase adhika mahatvapUrNa yoga ina barSika stoM kA na hokara mANika ittoM athavA bAlavRttoM kA 1 dezI rAgoM ke AdhAra para ina vAlmRtvoM kI boDamor3a karake likhane vAle AvikAlIna jaina kaviyoM kA devI galI roMgoM tathA tAlavRttoM meM hI adhika yogadAna hai| isakA tAtparya yaha nahIM hai ki unhoni mAtrika babaI kA prayoga hI nahIM kiyaa| virATa parva isatya kI pUrNa puSTi karatA hai| mAsika vRttoM kA pratinidhi jaina kAvyavirATa parva hai| kucha vibhinna vibhinna racanAoM meM prayukta varSoM ke udAharaNa dekhie( lipi badana caMda mahArasa se vADi amIma pahanI rasanA baDi pavana vanagaMdhaharAvA mani vAri bAda babai disi bAta The lastpotatisthat the stanzas.netobaernetheast Syllabtotomotetre. In thissensertheat Prosodio metrical form is a reeted by the difference in the length and shortness of the rowelpromanslation treatheritten tomand the distance that came into being between the sun and the written staan. Even Xatre structure eame to be contaminated a hai. which came to be based on heard son,tormed and did not poss the taotnems in writing. This oftest la found aven in saromanshumaayllabiometresentirely. Thieis due to . great gap that came into being between the actually amonMadhosogrameertbed. The traawaription was always.34161012metandinionly.pragatiavalue. The poem was meant for inging and that was the dominating Idea. The importance of VRAT PARTA" as a long poem in syllabic Patran and sarents ..0.8. CXVIII - page 11-12.

Page #1051
1001 Talavalai jima nirjali mAchiko balabalA bali mi balI kalI mAha kAlAvara bAlA virahi vizvala bAbara vAglana (jIyo0esa0 29, 1 isake lAva hai. varSa 12, pra. pra(t. 2 0ra0) (7) mAlinI nirupama mAvAThI apanI vinamAlI bAbikula gugaballI kA puSAla bhallI karapA pararApI mAnavI bhaIna vApI ma miArI tor3a medhArI isake tAna-(manama,basavaya mAlinI bhogi hokA:) (pAti padhakArI miti ma vAsI rahI bAha utsama nAri nAsI kinA na bAki kala va bAjaDa alavA ra vADi bAtha ) (19) varmata jilA babarATa rattara parabaI kamalAbAsa mogAne zAhi kara bhIra mAraha pAca pAya girame bhAva // Air-( sa lakA ta... agona) (10) pozA -syAmA - varNa 14 (6. bha.ja. gu.) bAra virAti bApaDI pIIpIsIkahA bAvAhika meTA

Page #1052
isake lakSaNahai. varSa 11.pra. (ra0na. rala.gu.) (mArAca bhASA rasniMdA purakara bAgaina kAi bolA vI sAvala dhIra yaha nitu bAi karikara badha kAla samma lAgyo dAna mAgi vIra pavArivi dInI mAtIvi imala kara bAga 4) isake sApa hai| varSa pra. () ( bardadha nArAba IsA manI bA baimI kA palAya moDI Agara dekhA pairavata katagata nAha mAyA para bhArI sara kahA kasA karAyara ThI rovAli mAnnu pAdeDa marATa' ina votirikva indrabatrA, upendra banA zAIphiIDita, mauktikadAma, anuSTupa loka, sarasvatI thabala Adi vanavRtta prayukta hue haiN| pramukha saMdoM ke udAharaNa de die gae hai| -rAmoMTImA unakA vikAsa karane vAlI pAtvapUrNa diyA mAtrika aura bAloM meM aneka va aiki ina jaina kaviyoM ne apanAyA yA aneka dezI boM ko rAyoM ke AdhAra para rakhA gayA hai| dekhI doM ke vikAsa kA yaha prayAsa dvArA parama mA mA pAina boM meM mevA hone se vikimA samAveza hokhA saMgIta pratyakI paripuSTi hone ke kAraNa isa away kA mITa kI moSadAma yA gIta kI rodha meM viSa pInI milosamIkamIThoM kI liyoM meM anekarAmoM - - - -am- TE- vitta caubaI jaina zeSa saMsthAna, jayapura meM saMgrahIta prti|

Page #1053
meM dezI da likhe gae hai tAki jana samAja saMgIta tatva ke AdhAra para racanAoM meM prastuta kie sAhitya darzana aura AdhyAtmajJAna meM pravRtta ho ske| ina jaina kaviyoM ne yo ko aneka rAmoM meM puSTa kyiA hai akSA dezI saMvoM ke vikAsa meM mahatvapUrNa yoga dene vAlI kRtiyAM nama: tribhubamadIpaka prabandha, raMgasAgara nemiphAgu, saravara gaccha paTTAvalI tathA vidyAvilAsa pavADI hai| mAtrAmela aura apara meloM ke prakAra, unakI paraMparA, bahivA, gaNavyavasthA, laghu guru viveka AvRtta saMdhi, prAramela vRtta, mAtrAmela jAti chadoM : tathA dezI IdoM para vistRta prakAra zrI rAmanArAyaNa vizvanAtha pAThaka ne apane eMda viSayaka vRhata anca kiyA hai| saprandha lekhaka ne geMdoM kA vaijJAnika vizleSaNa kiyA hai| mAnAvRtta aura mAla boM kI paraMparA aura unake vidayamAna saMgIta kA eMvoM meM upayoga, ko ke viSa unakI mAtrA tathA gaNoM kI vyavasthA kA vaijJAnika vizleSaNa kiyA hai| udAharaNArtha vA aura svara kA ba na lekhaka padoM meM dekhie "mA rIte bAla tatva saMgIta mA praveza pAmI saMgIta nA svaroM ne kAlamA mA bikare koI parAga mA mavAnA gItamA saMgInA svaro hoya TAIja nahI, mAno hareka svara amuka mAmAdhI prayogAyalo doSa he mAno hareka sthara sabhAbA vI prayogako ane rAmanI prAkRti bhArI svara bane ra svaranI kA nAma padI nivaDa lekhaka mAvikAlIna mAra lalloM kI gaya yojanA bhI apane hI Dhema ge| pita .- Nag. r mAva rAmanArAyaNa pAkA M ETii binA rAmanArAma pAThaka,.mu

Page #1054
(1) bIcaka kaMda kI avara yojanArn taarn sn 1005 (2) voTakchaMda kI avara yojanAmohr Bohr moht aahr (3) mArAya hai kI akSara yojanA gara laga lagA kara lagera umera lagera ra (4) phUlavA cheda kI avara yojanA 1- vahI, pR0 1123 ke nahI, pU0 113 4- devi-prAcIna marAThI ina viyA kA 60 bI0 30* vahIM 04 8 nahIM 0 -1 1- vahI, - naal n l n seenn an rs gt * isI prakAra ina chedoM kA bhI pAThaka ne vaijJAnika vizleSaNa kiyA hai| chaMdoM ke eka dUsare mAlocanAtmaka grantha meM zrI pAThaka ne mAtrA baMdoM kA svarUpa : maMtra ke para bandhoM meM prayukta yoM kA vizlema, dezI chedoM kA svarUpa, unakI paramparA 8, bImAI, rolA, sabaimA tathA anya chedoM kI paramparA aura viSa prastuta kiyA hai| isa AlecanAtmaka grantha ne devI doM ke itihAsa meM apUrva yoga diyA hai| akSara saMkhyA devIdoM kA svarUpa spaSTa karate hue zrI pAThaka ne aneka mahatvapUrNa bAya para prakAza DAlA hai| devI DhAla garamI padakabhAdi kI sAmAnya sI meM 13-100/ PPR 31 1- vahI pR0 113 4- vahI, pR0 113 zrI rAkArakA vizvanAtha pAThakaH prakAzaka dAvA 1948 /

Page #1055
1006 dezI chedoM kA svarUpa spaSTa kiyA hai| devI maMdoM ke sAtha saMgIta kA aTUTa saMbaMdha hai| saMgIta ratnAkara maiM bhI devI kI paripAmA spaSTa kI hai|' rUMdoM ke ina devI samanvita hai- "ahI prandhAkAra svarUpoM meM saMgIta bAla aura rAma kA vidhAna saMgInA mArga ane devI bevA me prakAro kahe mArga ne nahIM gAndharva paNa kahala deve rAmane Aye AdhAre tete dezamA sDha bhayelA gIto nI gar3hiyoM ke gasto / rAga taraMginI mArga saMgInoTale dezIo e denA viSaya nathI- 1 rAjasthAna meM Aja bhI ye dezI va vividha rUpoM meM pracalita hai| 1 devI vedoM kA svarUpa samajhane meM aneka prakAra kI rAgoM kA vidhAna bhI kiyA gayA hai| ina rAgoM meM gIta laya tAla Adi kAAyojana kiyA gayA hai| yaha dezI chedoM kA DIprabhAva hai ki Adhunika kAla meM gItoM ko janma milA hai| ataH dezI zabda isa prakAra hai nizcita rAgoM meM chA jAnA chandavAcaka zabda hai|' ina deviyoM meM nizcita rAgoM kA vidhAna hai| jaina kaviyoM ne dor3A, savaiyA, 1- (a) de de jAnA yahamAdayaraMjakama mArga va vAya nadevItyabhidhIyate -saMgIta ratnAkara pu0 6-7 (ba) matta vAmumeya kAreNa racitavAcita devI rAgAdi proktamAna raMjanam (vaDhI prathama nAma caturtha prabaMdha 071 baghA 20 dekhi prAcIna gujarAtI saMda: zrI rAmanArAyaNa vizvanAtha pAThaka 10 2001 3- devI zabda kA rote amuka tareDa mI navAdA amuka chaMda no vAcaka hai vila yo vadanI tema va mAtra saMgInoda para nathI / eka bIbI rote paNa devIbo svasya viduSa dhAya hai| kar3anA bahuta prabaMdhoM jotA jagAve ke ghaNAvarI kar3havAnA prAraMbha mI ana rAma meM nAma ko hoya hai timA kedAro goTI rAmaramA bAurI, dhAtrI, dezA malhArasa bore viSTa saMgIta mA ke rAgI ho art a safe kahI gayo ma viSTa saMgIta bhI nahi jANIvA jevA sAmarI devI mAmI va AmA viSTa saMgItanA rAmo chavI paNa baMdhA ApaNa gujarAtI kavitA mI kI amuka niyata DAvadha svarAvalI kI do racanA hai| viSTa saMgItamA ma ekagIta ekanA janopayoM gAvo ho ho paNa taimA phera pdd'e|ek ja rAma mane vAlA mAtA jJAna palTrA vagaira mI mavaiyA ne aneka prakAranI svarAvalI lAvAnI hakka hai|ptt va nAnI nayI svI lAvAmA jI mI kulatA sUcI bane sarjakatA rahelI hoya ApanA prathInA kaDhavA AvI rI mAnavI bALA dAna palTA meM sthAna madhI na kahie to vAle vo amuka kAra kI ruDhi pacatira ja majAkI ke emavyati me barI rAga sAthai anusaMdhAna ke jo paI mAI ke thA gItoM mI je anavasthA jovA, kyAna ra devI ne padarAma sAve anusaMdhAna paNa mahi hoya, kadAca emI rAma pArasanA me jAvazyaka mIca svaropaNa nahIM rahyA # bolAvI ho / / vahI grantha pU0 203 / havA tenA AvelA

Page #1056
caupAi saba kI dezI DAle banAlI thIM, jinakI sUcanA vividha DhAloM milatI hai| jaina rAmoM meM hoM aura carapaI kI devI kA prayoga hubhA hai| ina dezI coM kI mAtrA va moM kA svargIya bhUva meM mahatvapUrNa vizleSaNa kiyA hai|' isa prakAra ina dezI do ke vimya kA sabhya adhyayana kiyA jA sakatA hai| vastutaH ina aMgIta pradhAna bAla tathA pAnika guttoM kI vidhi rAgoM aura bAloM kA paricaya isa prakAra hai: "vina dIpaka prabaMdha: isa racanA meM aneka mAlikoM kA praNayana huA hairANoM ke AdhAra para dezI do kA prayoga isa racanA kI sabase kI vizeSatA hai| isameM bAlavRttoM meM pari carapAkula, marahaTTa, ili kyA gItika prayukta hue hai| ina doM ke atirikta sarasvatI paula kAvaTa mahAra aura kola yA vyavadoM ko prayoga liyA vastu baca ranA meM sarvatra parilakSita hotA hai| vastu chada ko ravi ne rAga pahArI tathA upai thA pada haidoM ko mitrabaMdha karake prayukta kiyA hai| rasAgara meM ziva basa (4,5,40, ter, 51, 17, 20, 415), vi yAra.. ... ...m. 15-11, 4-10, 11 Ra.. . ana-m01-04 -11), yi 1 , 55 , 105, Am, m-te mom, st-t4, 98-102, 144-, m, 11-08, ate m. am-106186-19, 4.t-10). ziva sarasvatI (m-mRe-m, -10) Adi aneka boM kA prayoga samA~ ma kavi ne vibhinna dezI yo yArI (11) mArI(m) mka, puparI -40 gAdi rAmoM ko prayukta kiyA hai| udAharaNArtha eka mAmArI rAma kA bala prayoga dekhie| - bI.

Page #1057
pina rANImuni rAdhI hi yai bAlami laM bihU ana sAmiNI somavayAni gugarayaSi riddhiya bAididhAI ni duSTavaivi punahi kidhiya uDa adhika saha mI kari bamhaNI pasAra gavi saMpUriya moraDI bali dekAra (tridI0pra0pada .) balArA garI te magaha e kIsI bIna ho jAvara savi milIpa te ule gayA so pravacana nagarIya mana ratIya puraMga pAvali ari bariyA pa ke dhariyA ne si rahamA bhAlasi deya aparipacyA aba mAIkAIma mi kIjA rApara te savinaDayA kiri kiri mA phAra pyAra purakA rIsa-relihi liyA maDhamaDha maMdira vAvi vADI begi pADI calliyA ( biprabaMdha pu.) ina rAgoM ke atirikta kavi ne devI dAloM kA prayoga bhI kiyA hai| ina bAloM meM mANika prathA pAThiI bAha (18-) kA prayoga mAyAmika kA eka udAharaNa vaidika mAyakTraka DimAbagara baraMga para kariyAIdiya turaMga kavi kapa mahAratha vaimi baiga sAmAna pAyaka vana (4) yA pAfesI DA . aura bAda babana vApi, bAbamA mAmi pahapI samIra lilAma garIra (1)

Page #1058
1009 (23) phATTa kavi ne kAbara chaMda kA maulika prayoga kiyA hai| yaha tAlavRtta ya hai| racanAkAra ne isakA prayoga (354-258) kar3iyoM meM kiyA hai pATU sADI kApar3A anas navaraMga ghATa pa jan mAmiti emanita ucATa TIjara jaDa posas huI pokaLaM daivaha hAthi tara hI gaDha de karI, lAgA bharaDA sAtha (254-255) kAvaTa chaMda anya kaviyoM meM upalabdha nahIM hotA / (24) dupada phAvaTa ke atirikta eka prasiddha baMda hRSada yA dhrupada milatA hai dhrupada rAma prasiddha hai| kavi ne isI rAma ke nAma se aneka kar3iyoM meM prayukta cheda ko vi hRpada ke nAma seprayukta kiyA hai| tribhuvana dIpaka prabandha meM yaha pada (9-46, 48-54 56-31, 106-128 234-239, 248-253, 318-328, 339-357, 4041414 tathA 318 se 432) kar3iyoM meM prayukta kiyA hai / racanA meM sabase pramukha chaMda yahI hai| yoM bacAI, doDA, dhammaya, tathA vastu chaMda kA bhI bahuta prayoga kiyA hai| isa kRti meM prayukta ima chaMdoM meM kavi ne aura sarasvatI ka ke antargata devI caupAI kA prayoga kiyA hai| hiva kAvya ke antargata upajAti da milatA hai| pacara meM upendra kA aura ijA sammilita hai| lAkAra zrI jayadevarari ne saMskRta ke prakAMDa vidvAna hone se bhara mela varSika ittoM kA gAmAtoM ke sAtha sakala prayoga kiyA hai| isa prakAra rAma aura bAloM ke AdhAra para kavi ne dezI chedoM ke sAtha sAtha aff geal kA bhI va nirvAha kiyA hai| tribhuvana dIpaka prabaMdha da vaividha kyA rAmoM aura DAloM meM vividhaya prastuta kyA hai| :- remasAgara nai vikAza-: (vA) isa rakSA ko kavi ne bIna DoM meM lihA hai|tiinoN meM kA vilayama isa prakAra hai:

Page #1059
1010 kheDa 10 rAsaka sthiti- (3-4, 16-17, 21-24, 32-33 ) AMdola- (5-6, 18-19, 25-26, 34-35 ) kAya (7-14 20-21, 27-30, 36) pAlavikrIDita (1) $8-1 (TE#- (3-1, 27-13, 37-13, 13-33), arato, urgsfest fau, phAgu, tathA agA chaMdoM kA prayoga hai| - maiM bhI lagabhaga yahIM chanda hai| isa bhAkA kavi ne nUtananda prayukta kiyA hai| jisako kavi ne savaiyA kI devI DhAla havArA puSTa kiyA hai| (25) gola jaina kRtiyoM meM raMgasAgara nikAya meM eka mahatvapUrNa caMda do prayukta huA hai| do kI sthiti isa kRti meM maulika hai| eka uddharaNa dRSTavya hai koiti viravayaNI, madirAmanavamI mATaki maraThI pa, vanivani baharI pa paimANa pataMga kA kAla muMga caMpaka dIpa kUpa, vanacara dIva ka jAne kiri madhukara semima teha siri bIpI (raMgasAgaranemikA) (1) TET chaMda meM kavi ne nayA saMda mAtA mayukta kiyA hai tathA isI meM savaiyA kA hai vidhA nibaMdha kiyA hai| eka uddharaNa dekhie bAvanI vasUlI re upari cakamavero re mAnika modI kI re movana pATe suMdara re upariharanidhApi gADI pani ADho re vA ganimaya borDara motI dhAva re / isameM savaiyA kI hI DAla isa cheda kI pahalI kar3I meM prayukta kiyA hai|

Page #1060
anuprAsAna caraNa ko bhI kavi ne nivAsa hai| (10) aDhAiyA aTevA ke Upara kavi ne Aft+) mAtrA kA prayoga kiyA hai| baigA ati nUnana maulika Ida hai| eka udAharaNa jisameM purAnI dezI kA prayoga hai dekhie: bana baMDa maMDana abaMDa baDho balI malayAnIla pIDita jalauklI raklI catura dubaarit| vilasataI savi alevanAri vima kAjala bhAti na dhana deha bali risIhari nArita isa prakAra raMgasAgara memikA eka mahatvapUrNa eMva kRti hai| dUsare zabda sAtha meM naI pasti kA eka caraNa anuprayA buksa banA hai| vonoM viSama caraNa hai aba kavi kA pUrA maulika hai|is racanA meM akSara basa gaLavikrIDita hai tathA patha sAtha meM saMskRta ke aMgoM kA bhI prayoga hai jisameM saMskRta ke hI hai| vidyAbilAsa pavADI: dekhI bokA vibhinna rAmoM sArA pracAra va prayAsa kara pIsokA apayana prastuta karane vAlI vidyA vikAsa pavAko eka utkRSTa hindI jaina banA hai| mildA bimAvilAsa pavAko ne dekhI thA rAmoM ke vikAsa meM eka nayA adhyAya mor3A paricayAkti th(a) vividha sI - yogA gopAI aura do kA devI svama milatA hai| savaiyA desI gabaha va pavAkA mA bAgakA prabandha meM isa savaiyA kA dezI ki tea mAsa dezI svarUpa ko pavAr3A kA hai| vibhinna rAmo ra ma ramAdevI thA loka pracalita haidoM kA vivi kAra - mI- savaiyA kI desI DAka mAtrA (+ )

Page #1061
22-27 doDA mAtrA ( 13+11 ) 28 vastu 39-30 38-95 96-113 bastu, dohA tathA caupaaii| dohA aura caupAI mAlavI gRha tathA pavADu ke vibhinna pa (13) mAtrA anta meM ramana aura e kA pryog| pa kA prayoga hI ise devI rAma deza meM gAye jAne ke lie parivartita kara detA hai| rAga dUhoM kI dezI, ke kA prayoga viSamapadIta 123-141 rAma rAmagiri kI carapada, vstu| 14-154 savaiyA kIdevI rAma bhIma palAsI 156-112 hiva badhAnanAma DAla rAga devA savaiyA kI devI 163-183 rAga basaMta meM savaiyA kI devii| 184-189 rAma basaMta (kAla) dezI DhAloM meM apUrva vaividhya / 190-239 capa pratyeka pada meM 15 maatraayeN| eka mAtrA kama / dohA- rAma mAlavI bastu rAma suMTha meM gAye jAne vAlA eka gIta parantu vaha (13 / 11) mAtrA ke dUhe kA hI rahatA hai| vi vivAnara ddaal| yaha DAka prathama pAda kI AvRti 14 14 mAtrAoM ke saMyoga aura hara 14 mAtrA meM andra meM ke prayoga se nirmita hotI hai| 114-112 206-280 367-290 1012 198-233 34-384 rAga devAna kI maiyA kI dezI prayukta hai|jydev ke gIta govinda maiM isa prakAra kI mila jAtI hai| yA 14+13) mAtrAoM kA rAga bhImapalAsI meM gayA bAne vAlA pvaadd'aa| vastu, hiva badhAmaNAnara DhAla, rAma devAna, isa pada ke (3+13) mAtrAoM ke sAra hai bhI gAyA jAtA hai|

Page #1062
285-440 pabAi, rAma basaMta meM mAtrA Om tv gAye jAne ke lie rAma basaMDa meM mAye jAne vAlA pada, DAla bIvAla kI hai kyA jisameM mAtrAoM kA kama (x + 4) hai| yadyapi dezI saMvoM meM rAgoM kA vidhAna sabaveva se hI milatA hai parantu purAnI hindI kI kRtiyoM meM isakI paramparA bIca meM kamajora ho gaI thii|ithr ina prAcIna rAjasthAnI athavA sUnI gujarAtI meM ina dezI do kA kaviyoM meM khUba prayoga myA tathA inakI paraMparA avyAhata banI rhii| rAmoM kA prayoga karake kavi ne inakI do kA prayoma pUrNa zAstrIyakara diyA hai| nissaMdeDa ina kRtiyoM 4 aura mIta bonaukA mAla samanyava hai| gaiba aura sarasa hone mere deviyA~ sUba ma pracalita rhiiN| vastutaH viDyA kliAsa pavADo kA mAtrA vidhAna 'batta mahatva kA hai usakA vidvAnoM ne vizleSaNa kiyA hai| yaha racanA AdikAlIna racanAoM ke dezI yoM ke vikAsa kI pratinidhi racanA jisameM loka sNgii| aura zAstrIya saMgIta kA acchA samanvaya huA hai| saMgIta gasna kI dRSTi se bhI ina rAgoM kA yogadAna spaSTa hai| vidyAkiAsa avArDoM meM prayukta loka saMgIta se pUrNa dezI rAgoM aura do ke kucha udAharaNa paryApta home: 1. The detailed analysis of the matrical forms used in this poen 10 of great importance 10 pointing how at the basis there wer! *Matrat metres which became losse as the musical consideration began to enter Its for. The syllables of one *Matra or two Matrast 814 mot main regidly go and where lanthened out or shortened recording to the musical or singing roquira. mante, Bron the Pada' has originally at the basis the well Inow Yatra' metro forms. The m281cal syllables are added and then the poetie normations were composed by taking Dhal! and Deals thout any consideration of Matrat metre basis. 1 these matters concerning the changes of matrical forms through APARAIBA, a. to . Akhayan de poons and Path' aroorat smportance-5-0..ScxVIII page1.

Page #1063
1011 hivaupaha mAlavI gaha 7) kAgar3a dipidigi siri banlarI mapa pAuneurI dodo dinI vivila rasAta ghumarSa pUrvaNa para dhamakAra rimikimi rimikimi kimima kusAla, karari karari kariSaTa paTatAla parara marara siri risAda pAyaDIra AlavI unAva (1.5) (2) rAmapay niSi bhari sohama sundarI re joI bAlama bATa nIMda ma bAbA mayamale re binA sarala ucATa muni sAnI lakSavilAsa, bali vAma vidyA vikAsa mamA vima par3Iya mAsa, pradhu parilamana kI bAra ima vi priya vika bolAvalI mIhI samApI baDI re caina nevI kAla dAvAmA jipa dIvAre kamala nityA karavA suNi mana mugAbahare mAne viza barapati bIsavAra mohana priya mi bApa kati Ni 7) rAma rAmagiri isa bilavaMtI jyA va pani bora mila apUra bomA maha paDha poliNAra kina kAphI mahatA bAra minIvAsa pAli kA bakAla nayara bAra I gaI na lAgI pAra ||14|| ra nAmapi moDI pani badhAvI ma sajana bar3hAvIu 5 barakama miDAvIra pa (1)

Page #1064
(5) (6) 1015 bhIma palAsI gayavara gur3iyA ratha bArabariyA suDe lIyA sanADha mAhI mAI bAI kATakavAes ruci pravAha / 1149 / / vidyA0 mAri mahari kahatI ika uThaI kaMpAvira karavAla rosi baDiyA rAuta kaI jimajetA vikarAla | 1150 || vidyA0 hiva badhAmaNAna DAlarAga devA / / koNI nagarI tI varanArI hai raMga ghare vi ulaTa jAvaI mApani mani motIya thAla marevi unI puri soDilA sAra / / 156|| aft maliyA pa loka apAra viyAvilAsa badhAvIi ca mAhIna ijasa avatAra jini bagi nAma rahAvira meM surajaes ke jaya jaya jayakAra pIDita ||15||kaNI // isI prakAra aneka rAgeM aura bhI hai udAharaNArtha pavADa (savaiyA kI devI, kapaDa air dohA hotA kAdevI prayukta huI hai| isa prakAra vimAvilAsa pavADI devIdoM kA rAmoM se samanvaya prastuta karane vAlI sabase mahatvapUrNa kuTi hai| : sarasarancha kaTAvalI : 15vIM bAda meM chedoM ke kSetra meM eka mahatvapUrNa aMtima kRti somakuMjara kRta grantha sararamaccha paTTAvalI hai| racanA meM irapaka pada ke Upara irimItikA auroM ke vikAsa meM baragaccha paTTAvalI kA bhI mahatvapUrNa yoga hai|raamoN ko mAdhyama banAkara kavi meM vividha devI chedoM kA anukrama kiyA hai: prathama kI dhavala rAma dhana dhana dina zAla, pAtaka nAkA, tribhuvana surabaraM gagahara vasamata va bAra gaMgAjala nirama mamile mahagaDa | // 1 //

Page #1065
zrIvayara svAmI guru anukrami ciTa dise caMdrakula paupaTa jANie e cnndd bythaay' gri saat rN gcc shaasi|' ravanA ke padoM kA aica prathA rAga vizleSaNa isa prakAra hai:kahI 11 rAga dezakA . caupAI, rAga dezAya kI chaayaa| - rAma rAjavalama, avaivA kI dekhii| 6-23 soratA kA eka pada, zava pada sAtha tathA rAga yAtrI 24-25 rAga nyAsI pAlI ava kA mahatvapUrNa prayoga vAmiyA mirivAhi mana jaina maikamahIdharo maNi mAhi giyara bebhasuramaNi jema pragati vinayarI prima deva dAnava mAhi garuka gayae amaresaro tima maryala paE mA gambhau rAjagaccha sukhrtro|' pada bAle pokA yoga hanTabdhayAhie yA prayoga kiyA gayA hai|giis aura ke samaya karakAra kA prayoga inTavya hai| gApiyA vihita virogavira basuna ra pATi siMgAra puIi piMDa vivAdikaro imigI romiva bhI jinamari puro mAhelI bAtama me ko ina padoM kI bAta madhura bamA thi : pALI mAra devari purAnara zrI jilabalapUre mAsI paNa prApabamaviSa bana bhamati ugati pUre - mamm SiNAlita na gambarA bagarakanda nAiTA. pR. 4 //

Page #1066
mADalI ebIhatape jAihi dohA duriya dAlida dui sayala dUre mAhelI e bIDa tabai maMdira vikasada saMpati saya varasu bhari puuro||' ukta ravanAvoM meM prayukta mAtrika aura varSika vRttoM meM kucha pramukha OMdI kA vizleSaNa kiyA gayA hai| jaina racanAoM meM hI nahIM batkAlIna AdikAlIna ajaina racanAgoM meM bIjaladeva rAyo, zrIdhara vyAsa racita ravamala chaMda, asAita viracita IsAulI, bhIma viravita savayavatsa barita thA basata milAsa kA (zAba kavi kuDa) manAsakRta kAnhar3a ke prabaMdha, yA badala pazvI rAja rAho, jaiva jaina ajaina aneka granthoM meM prayukta boM ke sAtha tulanA karane para yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki ina saMdoM meM se kucha mevadezI do ko chor3akara va lagabhaga sabhI chaMdoM kI paraMparA cArakI lI kI jaina tathA anya krIna kRtiyoM meM mila jAtI hai| inameM mAvA aura bastu sabase pramukha bAbA (bAyI) aura vastu kI paraMparA prA bAra kA puravina khii| kaSiyoM ke boM se ina ukta bajaina kRtiyoMkI bullA karane para yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki yekani gA gA kara vividha rAgoM nArA vikina dezI mitra baMdhoM kA prayoga karate the| devI baMdhI kI puSTi ina kaviyoM kI pramukha vizeSatA hai| isake atirikta bhI barI, cAmara Adi aneka devI medha kika maare| boca mAne para aura kauki IPS IT nAmayAvadhi upalabdha ramAnoM ko pramukha baba unameM kA paricaya diyA gayA 1-bahI . (1) The Matra Tratta waleh la next la importance to the Gatha both in point of antiquity and popularity is the Matre which I have fully described at Apaburansa metre I para 28. This notre is of course . petrely prakrit and Apbhransa metre and wae vidently used for struy religions, didactic or lyric poetry Doha is a similarly & purely Apburanaa metre but it i.. tal Vrutta se I have shown above and bes been employed since very old days both for lyric and narrativo poetry. of the remaining Prakrit and Ap. metres whieh I have des eribed in my hartioles, a vast majority are Matra vrattas, while comparatively & tew are Tala Vrattas. (PAbAsI) aura bAA cira pracalita hone se inakA vistAra

Page #1067
1018 AdikAlIna hindI jaina racanAoM meM prayukta vividha zAstrIya va dezI mitraca bAla vRtta yA mAtrAvRtta aura varSa kA adhyayana zodha kA viSaya mAtrika aura dezI tAla vRttoM ke mUla meM gAyaka cAraNoM kA bhI mahatvapUrNa boga rahA hogaa| kyoMki ve bhI vibhinna rAgoM meM dezI chedoM ko gAmA kara raktA kiyA karate the| ataH isakA pracAra vAraNI velI ke jaina ajaina kAvyoM dvArA khUba huaa| mAmA aura vAla vRttoM meM yadyapi paryApta samAnatA hai parantu phira bhI ki antara hai| isa sUkSma antara kA gaNa, yati, tathA anya zAstrIya tatvoM kA vizleSaNa karane ke lie ina racanAoM ke vividha chaMdoM se bar3I sahAyatA milatI hai| asama aura eka bahuta mahatvapUrNa bAta ina chaMdoM ke viSaya meM hai inakA paravartI kAloM para prabhAva meM prabhAva do rUpoM meM milate haiM: 1- kAvya paddhati meM tathA 2- paddhati meM 1- kAvya paddhatiyoM meM doDA par3apati, dohA- caupAI paddhati, chappaya-paddhati tathA pada aura gIti paddhatiyAM hai| 2- pati - varSika aura mAtrika donoM prakAra ke A jAte hai|in donoM paddhatiyoM kA prabhAva paravartI hindI kAla afrate, rItikAla tathA yahA~ taka ki Adhunika kAla taka dekhA jA sakatA hai| ina paddhatiyoM aura chaMdoM ke prayoga ke lie paraMparA ke udgama kA zreya apaza 1. A person with a trained ear can easily distinguish between a fals Tratta and a Matra Vratta merely by singing them. The nature of the particular Tala can also be similarly know. I have said above that the matra Vrattas owe their origin and dovlopment of the 11terate bards, but this need not be too strietly understood, the more cultu. ed and less gifted among the popular bards too may have substantially helped in this direction.

Page #1068
1019 ko tathA usake uttara kAla ko hai| gAthA, dohA, bastu, caupAI Adi se nirmita jina vividha kAvya wir kA paravartIkAla kI kAvyapaddhatiyoM para prabhAva par3A hai unameMdoDA paddhati sabase hai| madhyakAlIna kaviyoM meM kabIra, tulasI, jAyasI, kezaya, bihArI, mavirAma, ghanAnaMda, rahIma Adi kaviyoM ne isakA prayoga kiyA hai| doDA sters kA prayoga tulasI aura jAmasI ne gIta tathA pada SaSati kA vidyApati * milaa| nirAlA aura prasAda kI tulasI mIrA tathA sUra ne sapaya paddhati kA prayoga baMda, bhUSaNa Adi ne vIra kAvyoM meM tathA pAdAkulaka, harimIta, bhujaga prayAta tATaMka, chappaya, rolA, dohA, soraThA Adi chedoM kA prayoga saMta aura makta kaviyoM meM mila jAtA hai| kavitAoM ke anta meM kavi kA nAma likhane kI praNAlI bhI isI kAvya kA prbhaav| devI chaMdoM meM e kA prayoga kA prayoga parivartI rAsa tathA kA kAvyoM meM milatA hai| maiya kAvyoM meM uttara apabhraMza ke chaMdoM ke ye lakSaNa sarvatra parikSita ho jAte haiN| isa taraha apabhraMzake se chaMda paravartI hindI sAhitya racanA maiM prayukta chaMda - caupAI, savaiyA, dhamAkSarI, kunDaliyAM bAdi-prabandha kAvyoM ke lie nizcita kara lie gae tathA dohA muktaka aura prabaMdha donoM ke lie prayukta huA | dohA se pramIta muktaka ko after para yaha prabhAva dekhA jA sakatA hai bImoM kA inase prabhAvita hai uttara kI lokagIti kyA pada paraMparA mIrA ke gIryo meM unAmita hai| dohA koDa ke gItoM kI paramparA, mahAprAna kavIra, gorakha, sUradAsa, tulasI, vaDU mAnaka nAdi ke padoM meM surakSita hai| ke grantha svayaM kI rAmAyaNa kI railI kA ilasI ke rAmAyaya para pUrva prabhAva hai| sAre dUra sAhitya meM apabhraMtha ke yadoM kA hai| koSa kI chAyA dInadayAla kI kuNDaliyoM meM jyoM kI tyoM devI jA sakatI hai| hindI ke paravartI kAvyoM- hamara rAto aura hai| isI prakAra kI mauta pacati mahAdevI, prasAda, vaMda tathA nirAkA Adhunika lagabhaga bhI kaviyoM meM milatI hai| vedoM kI devI loka paraMparAeM prAkRta apabhraMza kI gAthA chaMda jAna carita meM dekhA jA sakatA

Page #1069
Adhunika kAla ke kaviyoM meM uttara apakSa se jyoM kI tyoM prahala kI hai| isa prakAra purAnI hindI kI ina AdikAlIna itiyoM kA paravartI hindI sAhitya ke tInoM kAlauM- bhaktikAla rItikAla tathA Adhunika kAla kI kAvya paddhatiyoM tathA do meM pure pUre moM meM dekhA jA sakatA hai| niSkarSataH ve bar3e mahatva ke ina kRtiyoM kA chaMda visyaka adhyayana svataMtra zodha kI apekSA rakhatA hai|

Page #1070

Page #1071
1021 - - - - - - - upahAra bhAvikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya ke parizIlana se jo tathya hamAre sAmane pramukha ma ke bhAI nimnalikhii. jaina kaliyoM ke adhyayana kI apekSA: isa nibandha ke prathama adhyAya meM yaha prakaTa hunA hogA ki AdikAlIna hindI sAhitya meM jaina kRtiyoM kA bAhulya hoye hue bhI hindI vidvAnoM aura sAhitya ke itihAsakAroM dvArA usakI kitanI upekSA huI hai| isa dizA meM jo kucha kArya pubA hai vaha gujarAtI aura 3 rAjasthAnI vidvAnoM dvArA hI kiyA gayA hai| AvazyakatA isa bAta kI hai ki hindI ke vidvAna aura itihAsakAra mAvikAlIma hindI jaina sAhitya kA parizIlana kareM aura AdikAlIna hindI sAhitya vikAsa meM baina kRtiyoM kA jo yoga hai, usakA yatheSTa sa niyaNa kreN| prastuta prabandha isI uddezya se samasta prANa prakAzita aura aprakAzita sAmagrI ko lete hue liyA gayA hai| ima aura samAna kI isa ni bare gamyAyAmAmA hogA kina dharma ko paryApta rAmyA prApta thaa| sAtha hI deza kI batkAlIna sAmAjika rAmnatika bAskRtika aura Arthika sthiti bahula acchI nahIM hone para bhI jaina kavi nagara nabara prAna grAma madhUmakara upadeza ko ro aura kAvya racanA karate hai kyA rAvasthAna aura gujarAba ke DArI rakhamA kisa prakAra surakSita raha skiiN| saha vidhAna mi micIvare adhyAya meM yaha spaSTa ho gayA hogA ki kaviyoM aura karmana ke za vidhAnoM ke pracAra ke lie sarasa nyAyoM aura kAmAlaka kar3iyoM kA nANAra liyA hai isa taraha bhAvikAlIna hindI mAliyana ke mUDa sidhAntoM kA varNana karate hue bhI sarasa kAvya koTi

Page #1072
1022 (4) jayamaMtra kA jaina sAhityaH prastuta nirbaMdha ke apatra jaina sAhitya viSayaka caturtha adhyAya se jJAta hogA ki purAnI hindI kI sAhityatathA bhASAviSayaka pRSTha bhUmi ko samajhane ke lie apatra kI jaina racanAoM kA bhI adhyayana Avazyaka hai| jaina ke sAhitya ke adhyayana se hameM bhAvikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya tathA tara laukika ke sAhitya ke samyaka adhyayana meM pracura sahAyatA milatI hai| (5) AdikAlIna hindI nevara (laukika) sAhitya: AdikAlIna tara hindI sAhitya se jisakA eka saMkSipta adhyayana prastuta nibaMdha ke pAcave adhyAya meM kiyA gayA hai| isase jaina racanAoM kI bhASA, mAna, kalA tathA vastu vinyAsa kI sahaja tulanA kI jA sakatI hai| isa vinA adhyayana se yaha bhI jJAta huA hogA ki IsAulI, kAnde prabaMdha, bhavan vilAsa phA, DholA mArUta dohA, raNamala chanda, svayavatsa varita Adi aneka kRtiyoM aisI haiM, jo kAvya kI dRSTi se atyanta utkRSTa hai aura jinakA yatheSTaadhyayana hindI ke vidvAnoM dvArA abhI taka nahIM kiyA gayA hai aura na jinheM hindI sAhitya ke itihAsa meM ucita sthAna milA hai| (s) kAvya parvaparA AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya ke adhyayana se, jo ki isa prabandha ke adhyAya 6, 7, 8 tathA 9 meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai| vaha matI mAvi jJAna huA DogA ki yaha sAhitya kAvyoM ke kahA jA sakatA hai ki kAvya kA iti sAhitya meM anya hai, varana kisI bhI Adhunika bhAratIya bhASA ke Adi ke grAma meM nahIM milatA hai| kA hai| sAmAnya meM rakhakara hI meM atyanta samRddha hai| balki ya jJAnA vaividhya na kevala hindI ke hindI meM-kAvya kA vistRta adhyayana bilkula nahIM ho kAvya smoM kA paricaya viduvAnoM ne kAvya bheda ko iSTi hai| ataH prAyaH prabandha kAvya, saDakAvya, muktaka Adi hI kAvya

Page #1073
jyoM ke meda samaya gae hai| parantu AdikAlIna jaina ramAoM meM kAvya rUpoM kI viziSTa paraMparAe milatI hai| ye kAvya mada pradhAna pradhAna aura viSaya pradhAna donoM hI prakAra ke hai| inameM eka hI kAvya ma ko sampanna banAne vAlI kRtiyAM bahuta acchI saMkhyA meM upalabdha ho jAtI hai| vAstava meM inhI jaina kRtiyoM ke kAvya moM kA prabhAva hindI sAhitya ke paravartIkAla kI kAla kI kAvya kRtriyoM aura kAvyadhArAoM para abeSTa parimApa meM par3A hai| inameM pramukha kAvya pa rAma, kAja, papaI, carcarI, prabandha, carita, pavAr3A, 'vivAhalA, saMdhi, kakka mAtRkA, talaharA, bAvanI samAya, gIta,stavana , kulaka, kalAbAdi mila jAte haiN| jinakA adhyayana aura bhI vistAra ke sAtha kiyA jAsakatA hai| () yA paraMparAeM aura kyA kRtiyA~: mAvikAlIma hindI jaina sAhitya kA isa dRSTi meM adhyayana karane para jo ki prata nibandha ke adhyAya meM kiyA gayA hai, jJAna hotA hai ki yaha sAhitya ina donoM vikyoM / atyanta sampanna hai aura ina viSayoM meM hindI sAhitya kI kisI bhI dhArA AdikAlIna hindI sAhitya kI yaha dhArA Takkara le sakatI hai| to-mAvikAlIna hindI sAhitya meM praya prastuta nibaMdha ke adhyayana kA mA hogA ki AdikAlIna jaina hindI kRtiyoM ke do kA vizeSa ziva hai| isa pratiyoM ke mAtrA aura vAlA do prakAra ke vArSika kA prayoga ina hindI baina kaviyoM meM bahuta kama kiyA maga hai| bAloM aura bAki ittoM meM mIDa aura dezI dAtoM ke mAdhAra para kucha paukiyoM kA nirmANa kiyA hai| vibhinna mAmA mAtoM kI kucha pariyo mAra se eka banAne lie isa sAhitya ke janabAdI kaviyoM ne unameM vikina rAmaukAmAvara navedoM kI inTi bhI kI hai aura mAhitI sanda mImI apanA mahatvapUrNa sthAna rakhaDe hai| ina svanAoM prA aura bama ke paraMpAritoM ke nivAni sAtha bAlika devI kA praNayana zi hai|

Page #1074
1024 prastuta bacanA ke bAda isa prabandha meM tIna mahatva pUrNa pariziSTa rahe gae haiN| prathama pariziSTa meM jAdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya kI pratiyoM meM prayukta kucha avara aura aMkoM ke citra die gae haiN| ina akSaroM se jainiyoM kI tatkAlIna pratiyoM kI feeree kA sAmAnya jJAna prApta ho skegaa| sAtha hI kucha mahatvapUrNa pratiyoM ke fer paricaya sahita de die gae hai jinase pratiyoM kI prAcInatA ko samajha jA sakatI hai aura jaima pratiyoM meM prayukta akSaroM, aMkoM aura vizeSa cinhoM ko dezA jA sakatA hai| ye pratiyAM vibhinna bhaMDAroM kI hai| dUsarA pariziSTa jaina aura jainesara gadya tathA padma kI istatikSita pratiyoM kI sUcI kA haijisase yaha spaSTa hogA ki ye kRtikA kAvya rUpoM meM kitanA adhika vaividhya lie haiM kyA saMkhyA meM kitanI vizAla hai| tIsarA pariziSTa saMdarbha granthoM kI sUcI tathA vibhinna jaina bhaMDAroM kI nAmAvalI kA hai jinase ajaina evaM jaina sAhitya para Age kArya ho sakane meM sahAyatA milegii| isa taraha pUrA prabandha tIna bhAgoM meM vibhakta kara diyA gayA hai| prathama bAga meM prathama pAna adhyAya hai| dvitIya bhAga meM kAvya rUpoM ke vistRta vizleSaNa vAle 6, 7, 8 aura 1 adhyAya hai| antima athavA tRtIya bhAga meM anyAya 10, 11 tathA 12 hai| jinameM kathA paraMparAoM aura prayukta chaMdoM kA maulika vivecana niSita hai| ina vibhinna adhyAyoM ke badhyAya dvArA zodha kI aneka vijJAnoM kI ora saMketa kiyA jA sakatA hai| (9) zodha kI naI vidhArtha uparyukta adhyayana ke AdhAra para saMbaMdhita aneka kaI dizAoMoM kI ora iMgi kiyA jA sakatA hai| purAnI hindI kA udabhava aura vikAsa vAdikAlIna hindI tent kI ET, hindI ke adhikAla ke rAsa, kA pravandha, parita kAvya, murukka kAvya, zRMgArika saDakAvya tathA ina racanAoM kA vaijJAnika rUpa meM sampAdana zodha ke navIna hai, jina para kArya kiyA jAnA parama Avazyaka hai| sAtha hI bA ke sAtha sAtha kAlIna hindI jaina sAvi para bhI zodha kA kArya DonA vevita hai|

Page #1075
1025 prastuta adhyayana kI sImAoM ke antargata bhI phalataH yaha AsAnI se dekhA jA sakatA haiki AdikAlIna hindI jaina sAhitya kA yoga hindI sAhitya ke itihAsa meM asAdhAraNa hai| yaha aura bhI pUrva aura vyavasthita adhyayana kI apekSA karatA hai aura kisI bhI dRSTi se aisA nahIM hai ki isakI upekSA kI jA ske| vastutaH yaha hindI ke jvalaMta bhUta kA eka atyanta upayogI aMza hai, jo jaima mahAtmAoM, zreSThiyoM aura udAra vyaktiyoM ke prayAsa se surakSita raha sakA hai aura yaha usa bhAzA kI eka ujjavala kiraNa hai jo hindI seviyoM ko bhAdikAlIna hindI sAhitya ke jaitira aMzoM kI boja aura parizIlana ke lie sAhasa pradAna karatI hai| (10) hindI sAhitya ko ina kRtiyoM kI dena prastuta adhyayana se kama sa nidurga para mahuMcate haiM ki Adi kAlIma hindI jaina kRtiyoM meM hindI sAhitya ke pratyeka kAla kI kAvyadhArajanoM ko prabhAvita kiyA hai| premAkhyAnaka kAvya, bhakti kAvya nirguNa kAvya tathA sAhitya kI vividha kAvya dhArAnoM aura kAvya rUpoM ko ina racanAoMoM ne prabhAvita kiyA hai| sAtha hI kalA patha ke vividha tatvoM da, alaMkAra, prakRti kima, rasa Adi iSTiyoM se pI ina kRtiyoM kI hindI sAhitya ko vizeSa dena hai| vastutaH areerata on pftayoM meM vizeSa kAvya yoM meM huA hai vaha apane meM paryApta vaividhya aura jIva tatvoM kA samAveda lie hue hai| sAtha hI inaracanAoM meM devI bhASAoM kI miThAsa poTI hai| nikkataH kyA kAvya aura kyA mar3haya parva vividha kAvya Adi sabhI meM ina kRtiyoM ne hindI sAhitya kA bhaMDAra marA hai| vAstava meM hindI sAhityako zrIvRdidha karane meM ina racanAoM kA apanA nUThA yoga hai| isa prakAra ina racanAoM ko bluzIlana se AvikAla kI jaina kRtiyoM kI after kA zumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai| adyAvadhi ajamera, mAmora, billI, meraTha, bahasa, sahAranapura, ambAlA tyA lavaMDa madhyapradeza, parva bhArata ke hI nAmI pradezoM ke bhaMDAroM kI camyak zodha hone para hindI jaina racanAoM kI sampannatA meM aura zrIvRddhi ho sakegI babhI rAjasthAna

Page #1076
kehI aneka jaina ama paMDAra baMda paDe unake calane para evaM unakI kamiyoM kI zoSa hone para AdikAla sambandhI aneka nave tathya aura jJAtavya aura spaSTa ho / -- --:.. ::- --