Sanskrit Vyakaran Shastra ka Itihas 01

Author(s): Yudhishthir Mimansak
Publisher: Yudhishthir Mimansak
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/002282/1

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa (prathama bhAga) yudhiSThira mImAMsaka

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+bhom / saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra itihAsa [vIna bhAgoM meM pUrNa] prathama bhAga [isa saMskaraNa meM parivAra tathA parivartana ke kAraNa.84 pRSTha bar3e haiM] --yudhiSThira mImAMsaka

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[2] prakAzakayudhiSThira mImAMsaka bahAlagar3ha, jilA-sonIpata (harayANA) prApti sthAnarAmalAla kapUra TrasTa bahAlamar3ha (131021) (sonIpata-harayANA) prakAzanakAla 640 saMskaraNa pRSTha saMkhyA parivardhana prathama bhAga adhUrA mudrita saM0 2004 300 (lAhaura meM naSTa) prathama saMskaraNa saM0 2007 457 150 pRSTha dvitIya saMskaraNa saM0 2020 582 125 pRSTha tRtIya saMskaraNa saM0 2030 58 pRSTha prastuta saMskaraNa saM0.2041 724 dvitIya bhAga prathama saMskaraNa saM0 2016 dvitIya saMskaraNa saM0 2030 50 pRSTha prastuta saMskaraNa saM0 2041 488 32 pRSTha tRtIya bhAga prathama saMskaraNa saM0 2030 198 navIna saMskaraNa meM aneka prakaraNa bar3hAye haiN| yaha abhI chapa rahA hai| sambhavataH yaha bhAga 250 pRSThoM se adhika kA hogaa| 406 mUlya tInoM bhAga eka sAtha- 150/ caturtha saMskaraNa 1000 saM0 2041 vi0 san 1984 I0 mudrakazAntisvarUpa kapUra rAmalAla kapUra TrasTa presa bahAlagar3ha, jilA sonIpata, (harayANA) "

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zubhAzaMsanam amekeSu zAstreSu kRtabhUriparizrameNa yudhiSThira-mImAMsakena vaidikavAGamaye saMskRtavyAkaraNe ca cirakAlaM parizramayya ye vividhAH zodhapUrNA granthA viracitA sampAditAzca, tairasya mahAnubhAvasya pANDityaM zodhakAryaviSayakaM prAvINyaM ca pade-pade parilakSyate / ahametAdRzasya yudhiSThira-mImAMsakasya cirAyuSyaM svAsthya sAphalyaM ca bhagavato vizvanAthAt kAmaye, yenakAkinAnena viduSA niSkAraNaM prArabdhasya surabhAratyA rakSaNAtmakaM jJAna-satraM pUrNatAM bhajet / saMcAlaka ke. mAdhavakRSNa-zarmA rAjasthAna saMskRta-zikSA vibhAga, jayapura [vi0 saM0 2020] saMskRta zubhAzaMsana kA abhiprAya aneka zAstroM meM kRtabhUri-parizrama paM0 yudhiSThira mImAMsaka ne vaidika vAGmaya aura saskRta vyAkaraNazAstra meM cirakAla taka parizrama karake jo vividha grantha likhe vA sampAdita kie, unase ina mahAnubhAva kA pANDitya aura zodhakArya-sambandhI pravINatA kA paricaya pada-pada para milatA hai| maiM bhagavAn vizvanAtha se paM0 yudhiSThira mImAMsaka ke cirAyuSya, svAsthya aura kArya kI saphalatA kI kAmanA karatA hUM, jisase isa prakAra ke ekAkI asahAya vidvAn ke dvArA niSkAraNa Arambha kiyA gayA saMskRta vAGmaya kI rakSA karanevAlA jJAna-satra pUrNa ho| saMcAlaka ke mAdhavakRSNa zarmA. rAjasthAna saMskRta-zikSA vibhAga, jayapura [vi0 saM0 2020]

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prAkkathana (prathama-saMskaraNa) .. paM0 yudhiSThirajI mImAMsaka kA yaha grantharatna vidvAnoM ke sammukha upasthita hai| kitane varSa kitane mAsa aura kitane dina zrI paNDitajI ko isake liye dattacitta hokara dene par3e, ise maiM jAnatA huuN| isa kAla ke mahAn vighna bhI merI prAMkhoM se ojhala nahIM haiN| ___ bhAratavarSa meM aMgrejoM ne apane DhaGga ke aneka vizvavidyAlaya sthApita kie| unameM unhoMne apane DhaGga ke adhyApaka aura mahopAdhyAya rakkhe / unheM Arthika kaThinAiyoM se mukta karake aMgrejoM ne apanA manoratha siddha kiyaa| bhArata aba svatantra hai, para bhArata ke vizvavidyAlayoM ke prabhUta-vetana-bhogI mahopAdhyAya scientific vidyAsaMbandhI aura critical tarkayakta lekhoM ke nAma para mahA anta aura avidyA-yukta bAteM hI likhate aura par3hAte jA rahe haiN| __aise kAla meM aneka Arthika aura dUsarI kaThinAiyoM ko sahana karate hue jaba eka mahAjJAnavAn brAhmaNa satya kI patAkA ko uttolita karatA hai, aura vidyA-viSayaka eka vajragrantha prastuta karake nAmadhArI vidvAnoM ke anRtavAdoM kA nirAkaraNa karatA hai, to hamArI AtmA prasannatA kI parAkASThA kA anubhava karatI hai| bhArata zIghra jAgegA, aura virodhiyoM ke kugranthoM ke khaNDana meM pravRtta hogaa| aisA prayAsa mImAMsakajI kA hai| zrI brahmA, vAyu, indra, bharadvAja Adi mahAyogiyoM tathA RSiyoM ke zatazaH AzIH unake liye haiN| bhagavAn unheM bala deM ki vidyA ke kSetra meM ve adhikAdhika sevA kara skeN| maiM isa mahAn tapa meM apane ko saphala samajhatA haiN| isa grantha se bhArata kA eka bar3I truTi dUra huI hai / jo kAma rAjavarga ke bar3e-bar3e loga nahIM kara rahe hai, vaha kAma yaha grantha kregaa| isase bhArata kA zira UMcA hogaa| zrI bAbA gurumusiMhajI kA bhavana ] pAryavidyA kA sevaka ... amRtasara kArtika zuklA 15 saM0 2007 vi0 ) . . bhagavaddatta

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antima rUpa se . saMzodhita pariSkRta aura parivardhita prastuta (caturtha) saMskaraNa vyAkaraNa zAstra jaise nIrasa viSaya ke vAGamaya para likhe gaye 'saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa' nAmaka bRhattama grantha kA mere jIvana kAla meM (34 varSoM meM) caturthavAra prakAzita honA isa bAta kA pratyakSa pramANa hai ki vyAkaraNa-zAstra ke vidvAnoM aura vyAkaraNazAstra meM zodha karanevAle vyaktiyoM ne ise bar3e Adara ke sAtha apanAyA hai| mere dvArA pAzcAttya vidvAnoM dvArA nirdhArita bhAratIya kAla-gaNanA kA prAzrayaNa karane para bhI saMskRta vyAkaraNa zAstra kA ekamAtra sAGgapUrNa prathama itihAsa grantha hone se aneka vizvavidyAlayoM ke prAyaH pAzcAttya kAla-gaNanA ko mAnane vAle adhi. kAriyoM ko bhI vyAkaraNa vibhAga meM ise pAThya grantha athavA sahAyaka grantha ke rUpa meM svIkAra karanA pdd'aa| yaha isa grantha ke liye vizeSa gaurava kI bAta hai| isa grantha kA tRtIya saMskaraNa lagabhaga 3-4 varSa pUrva samApta ho gayA thA, parantu Arthika kaThinAiyoM ke kAraNa isa ke prakAzana meM kucha vilamba huA / sahRdaya pAThakoM ko pratIkSA karanI par3I / isa ke liye maiM unase kSamA cAhatA huuN| . isa itihAsa grantha se pUrva ekamAtra DA0 velvAlkara kA 'sisTamsa Apha saMskRta grAmara' nAmaka eka laghukAya grantha hI aMgrejI meM chapA thaa| saM0 2007 meM mere grantha ke prakAzita hone ke pIche saM0 2017 meM paM0 vAcaspati gairolA ne apane 'saMskRta sAhitya kA itihAsa' meM tathA 2026 meM paM0 baladeva upAdhyAya ne 'saMskRta-zAstroM kA itihAsa' grantha meM vyAkaraNa zAstra kA saMkSipta itihAsa likhA / ina donoM ne mere grantha ko hI pramukha AdhAra bnaayaa| yaha pAsparika tulanA se hastAmalakavat pratyakSa hai / saM0 2028 meM DA0 satyakAma varmA kA saMskRta

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2 . saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa vyAkaraNa kA udbhava aura vikAsa' nAmaka eka grantha prakAzita hA, usa ke viSaya meM Age dI jA rahI tRtIya saMskaraNa kI bhUmikA meM dekheN| merA sampUrNa jIvana prAyaH saMgharSamaya vyatIta huaa| 'lakSmI aura sarasvatI kA zAzvatika vaira' rUpa kiMvadantI mujha para bhI caritArtha rhii| viSama Arthika kaThinAI se jUjhate hue bhI apanI patnI yazodA devI ke pUrNa sahayoga ke kAraNa maiM jJAna-satra ko satata cAlU rakhane meM prayatnazIla rahA / Arthika kaThinAiyoM ke sAtha-sAtha saM0 2007 se adya-yAvat anekavidha rAjarogoM se pIr3ita hone, do vAra kaSTasAdhya zalya-kriyA (Aprezana) hone tathA donoM vRkkoM (gurdo) kI kAryakSamatA prAyaH samApta ho jAne ke kAraNa lagabhaga 8 varSa se merA svAsthya nirantara giratA jA rahA hai / zArIrika kAryakSamatA prAyaH samApta ho gaI hai, parantu jaise kisI mAdaka-dravya kA vyasanI vyasana chor3ane meM asamartha hotA hai, usI prakAra zubhacintakoM evaM parivArika janoM ke dvArA kArya se virata hone kI cetAvanI dene para bhI mujhe vidyArUpI vyasana aisA lagA huA hai ki svAstha ke atikSINa ho jAne para bhI maiM lagabhaga 5-6 ghaNTe pratidina granthalekhana vA zodhana Adi kArya meM lagA rahA huuN| isa ke vinA mujhe zAnti nahIM milatI / sambhava hai jaise mAdaka dravya kA vyasanI mAdaka dravya ke sevana se kucha samaya ke liye uttejanA vA zakti kA anubhava karatA hai, usI prakAra mujhe bhI jIvana bhara vidyAvyasanI rahane ke kAraNa raga-raga meM vyApta vidyA-vyasana kArya para baiThate hI sazaktasA banA detA hai| basa kevala antara itanA hI hai ki mAdaka dravya kA vyasana manuSya ko nindya karma meM pravRtta karatA hai aura vidyAvyasana zubha karma meN| prathama saMskaraNa ke samaya prathama bhAga meM kekala 457 pRSTha the, parantu satata adhyayana ke kAraNa ise meM prati saMskaraNa parivardhana hotA gyaa| prastuta caturtha saMskaraNa meM prathama bhAga kI pRSTha saMkhyA 724 ho gaI hai arthAt prathama bhAga meM 34 varSoM ke adhyayana aura manana se 267 pRSThoM kI upayogI sAmagrI kA saMkalana huaA hai| saM0 2030 meM prakAzita tRtIya saMskaraNa se kucha samaya pUrva (jina 1. yaha kaThinAI saM0 2034 taka rahI / usake pazcAt isa se lagabhaga chuTakArA mila gayA /

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antima rUpa se saMzodhita pariSkRta aura parivardhita kA usa samaya mujhe parijJAna nahIM huA thA ) tathA usa ke pazcAt pANinIya vyAkaraNa aura itara vyAkaraNa viSaya ke aneka grantha prakAzita hue / vyAkaraNa - sambandhI zodha prabandha chape hue aura 4 zodha-prabandha pramudrita bhI dekhane ko upalabdha hue / ina saba ke adhyayana se aneka naye tathya prakAza meM Aye tathA katipaya apanI bhUloM kA bhI parijJAna huA / isa liye una saba kA isa saMskaraNa meM yathAsthAna samAveza karanA aura jJAta huI bhUloM kA parimArjana karanA Avazyaka thA / isa kArya ko maiMne yathAzakti karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai / punarapi maiM anubhava karatA hUM ki ise jitanA adhika sundara banAyA jA sakatA thA utanA zArIrika asvasthatA ke kAraNa maiM nahIM banA sakA / vartamAna zArIrika sthiti ko dekhate hue maiM isa saMskaraNa ko apane jIvana kA antima saMskaraNa samajhatA hUM / isIliye zIrSaka meM 'antima rUpa se ' zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai / Age daivecchA balIyasI, use kauna jAna sakatA hai| isa saMskaraNa meM jina granthoM se vizeSa sAmagrI saMkalita kI gaI hai| unake nAma isa prakAra haiM --- 1. pANini : e sarve Apha risarca (pANini: anusandhAna kA sarvekSaNa) - lekhaka jArja kArDInA / prakAzana kAla 1976 / zrI jArja kArDonA ne mere grantha ke san 1973 ke tRtIya saMskaraNa kA upayoga kiyA hai / - 14 julAI san 1981 meM pUnA vizvavidyAlaya pUnA meM Ayojita 'iNTaranezanala seminAra prona pANini' ke avasara para Apa se bheMTa huI thI / Apa bar3e vinIta aura sahRdaya vyakti haiM / jArja kArDonA ne mere saMskRta vyA0 zA 0 kA itihAsa tathA mere dvArA sampAdita vA prakAzita vyAkaraNa sambandhI granthoM ke viSaya meM jo kucha likhA hai, use pAThakoM ke jJAna ke liye saMkSepa se prastuta saMskaraNa ke tRtIya bhAga meM de rahA hUM / 1 1 2. bhartRhari viracita mahAbhASya- dIpikA - isake do saMskaraNa chape haiM / prathama - zrI vI0 svAmInAthan ema0 e0 ema0 liTa0 ( tirupati' ne sampAdita kiyA hai aura kAzI hindU vizvavidyAlaya se san 1965 meM chapA hai / yaha saMskaraNa caturtha prAhnika paryanta hI hai / dvitIyazrI paM0 kAzInAtha vAsudeva zrabhyaGkara ne sampAdita kiyA hai| ise

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa bhaNDArakara prAcya zodha pratiSThAna puNe ne san 1967 meM prakAzita kiyA hai| zrI svAmInAthan ke saMskaraNa ke adhUrA hone se hamane zrI kAzInAtha abhyaGkara ke saMskaraNa kA upayoga kiyA hai| jisa samaya maiMne saM0 vyA0 zAstra kA itihAsa likhA thA, usa samaya rAmalAla kapUra TrasTa bahAlagar3ha (sonIpata) ke pustakAlaya meM vidyamAna likhita pratilipi kA upayoga kiyA thaa| ataH mahAbhASyadIpikA. ke jitane bhI uddharaNa isa grantha meM diye haiM, una para isI hastalekha kI pRSTha saMkhyA dI thii| tRtIya saMskaraNa meM tattatsthAnoM meM uddhata pAThoM ke pUnA saMskaraNa ke pRSThoM ke parijJAna ke liye tIsare bhAga ke AThaveM pariziSTa meM hastalekha aura pUnA saMskaraNa donoM kI tulanAtmaka pRSTha saMkhyA chApI thii| isa saMskaraNa meM hastalekha kI pRSTha saMkhyA ke sAtha hI pUnA saMskaraNa kI pRSTha saMkhyA bhI de dI hai| hastalekha kI pRSTha saMkhyA isaliye nahIM haTAI ki pAThakoM ko yaha jJAta ho ki maiMne mahAbhASyadIpikA ke pATha hastalekha ke AdhAra para hI saMgRhIta kiye the| ___ 3-paribhASA-saMgraha-sampAdaka paM0 kAzInAtha bAsudeva abhyaGkara puNe / prakAzaka-bhaNDArakara prAcyazodha pratiSThAna puNe, san 1967 / isa grantha meM sabhI vyAkaraNoM ke upalabdha paribhASA pATha aura unakI vRttiyoM kA saMgraha hai| saM0 vyA0 zA0 kA itihAsa ke pUrva saMskaraNoM meM vibhinna sthAnoM meM chapI paribhASAvRttiyoM kI pRSTha saMkhyA dI thii| prastuta saMskaraNa meM pUrva mudrita granthoM kI pRSTha saMkhyA ke sAtha isa saMgraha kI pRSTha saMkhyA bhI de dI hai, jisa se purAne saMskaraNoM ke durlabha ho jAne ke kAraNa pAThakoM ko asuvidhA na hove| . 4-uNAdimaNi-dIpikA-rAmacandra dIkSita / madrAsa, san 1972 5-pradIpa-vyAkhyAnAni- mahAbhASya pradIpa para upalabdha vyAkhyA granthoM kA saMkalana / 1-6 bhAga, SaSTha adhyAya paryanta pANDiceri se chapA hai / san 1973-1982 / '6-svara-prakriyA-zeSa rAmacandra kRta / pUnA, san 1974 / __aba hama una zodha-prabandhoM kA ullekha karegeM jinheM vividha

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antima rUpa se saMzodhita pariSkRta aura parivardhita vidvAnoM ne pIeca0 DI0 vA vidyAvaridhi upAdhi ke liye likhA hai / inameM se nimna mudrita zodha-prabandha hameM upalabdha hue - 1 - vyAkaraNa - vArtikaH eka samIkSAtmaka adhyayana - lekhakapaM0 vedapati mizra / san 1970 / 2 - cAndravRtteH samAlocanAtmakamadhyayanam - lekhaka - paM0 harSanAtha mizra / san 1974 / 3 - kAzikA siddhAntakaumudyo: tulanAtmakamadhyayanam - lekhaka paM0 mahezadatta zarmA / san 1974 / 4 - kAtantravyAkaraNa - vimarza: - lekhaka - paM0 jAnakIprasAda dviveda / san 1975 / 5 - kAzikA kA samAlocanAtmaka adhyayana vIra vedAlaGkAra / san 1977 / 6 - nyAsa-paryAlocanam - lekhaka - paM0 bhImasena zAstrI / san 1676 / - lekhaka - paM0 raghu 7 - padamaJjaryAH paryAlocanam - lekhaka - paM0 tIrtharAmatripAThI / san 1981 / 8- zraSTAdhyAyIzuklayajurvedaprAtizAkhyayormata- vimarzaH / lekhakapaM0 vijayapAla AcArya / san 1983 / 1 aba una zodha-prabandhoM kA ullekha karate haiM, jo abhI taka chape nahIM, parantu una kI TAipa kApI dekhane ke liye upalabdha huI haiM 1 - kAzikAyAH samIkSAtmakamadhyayanam - lekhikA - zrI kumArI prajJAdevI prAcAryA / san 1969 / 2 - prakriyAkaumudI aura siddhAnta kA tulanAtmaka adhyayanalekhikA - kumArI puSpA gAndhI ( aba - zrI puSpA khannA) ema0 e0 / san 1972 / - 3 - - bopadeva kI saMskRta vyAkaraNa ko dena - lekhikA - zrI zanno - devI ema0 e0 / 4- phiTsUtrASTAdhyAyyAH svarazAstrANAM tulanAtmaka madhyayanamlekhaka - paM0 dharmavIra zAstrI / san 1983 / -

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa inake atirikta nimna granthoM se bhI prastuta saMskaraNa meM sahAyatA prApta huI 1-jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa (bhAga 5) lakSaNa sAhityalekhaka-paM0 ambAlAla pre0 zAha / san 1966 / / 2-saMskRta-prAkRta jaina vyAkaraNa aura koza kI paramparA (AcArya zrI kAlUgaNI smRti grantha)-lekhaka =aneka vidvAn / san 1977 / hama uparyukta sabhI granthoM ke sampAdaka aura lekhaka mahAnubhAvoM ke prati kRtajJa haiM, jina ke granthoM se prastuta saMskaraNa ke saMzodhana pariSkaraNa aura parivardhana meM sAhAyya prApta huaa| ___ isa bAra tRtIya bhAga meM kucha naI sAmagrI jor3I hai| una meM nimna tIna aMza vizeSa mahattvapUrNa haiM 1-samudragupta viracita kRSNa-carita-isa grantha kA thor3A sA aMza goNDala (kAThiyAvAr3a) ke vaidyapravara jIvarAma kAlidAsa ko upalabdha hayA thaa| usa ko unhoMne apanI TippaNiyoM ke sAtha san 1941 meM chapavAyA thA / hamane isa kRSNacarita ko vyADi kAtyAyana aura pataJjali Adi ke prakaraNa meM uddhRta kiyA hai / samprati yaha mudrita aMza bhI durlabha ho cukA hai| kRSNa-carita kA thor3a sA upalabdha aMza bhI bhAratIya prAcIna itihAsa kI dRSTi se atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai| ataH hama use tRtIya bhAga meM mUla mAtra de rahe haiM / 2. zrI jArja kArDonA dvArA mere 'saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa' tathA vyAkaraNa viSayaka anya sampAdita vA prakAzita granthoM para likhI gaI ttippnniyaaN| 3-aneka vidvAnoM ke patra-saM0 vyA0 zA0 kA itihAsa ke lekhana vA pariSkAra Adi ke liye samaya-samaya para mujhe aneka sahRdaya vidvajjanoM ne patra dvArA sujhAva diye the| unheM maiM isa bAra tRtIya bhAga meM chApa rahA hUM / ina patroM meM se aneka patroM kA ullekha maiMne isa itihAsa meM aneka sthAnoM para kiyA hai| ina patroM ke prakAzana se pAThakoM ko jahAM mUla patra dekhane ko upalabdha hoMge, vahAM patra-lekhaka sabhI svargata vA vidyamAna mahAnubhAvoM ke prati kRtajJatA prakaTa karane kA bhI mujhe avasara prApta hogaa| patra-lekhaka mahAnubhAvoM meM sva0 zrI paM0 bhagava

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antima rUpa se saMzozita pariSkRta aura parivardhita 7 datta jI evaM zrI paM0 bI0 eca padnAbha rAva jI prAtmakUra (Andhra) kA mujhe vizeSa sahayoga milaa| _tRtIya bhAga meM hI saba se anta meM maiM apanA saMkSipta Atma-paricaya bhI chApa rahA huuN| isa meM Atma paricaya ke sAtha kRtakArya kA vivaraNa, jisa meM sAhitya-sAdhanA aura upalabdha puraskAroM kA bhI vivaraNa hai, de rahA huuN| maiMne jIvana meM jo kucha upalabdha kiyA hai usa saba kA zreya mere svargata mAtA, pitA, gurujanoM evaM suhRnmitroM ko hai| jina ke AzIrvAda evaM satpreraNAeM mujhe sadA prApta hotI rahIM haiN| Arthika sahAyatA- isa grantha ke mudraNa meM rA0 sA0 zrI cau. pratApasiMha jI ne apane 'zrI cau0 nArAyaNa siMha pratApasiMha dharmArtha TrasTa' (karanAla) dvArA 1000-00 eka sahasra rupayoM kI sahAyatA kI hai| usake liye maiM unakA AbhArI huuN| anta meM maiM zrI proGkArajI, jinhoMne bar3I tanmayatA se grantha ke mudraNa-patra dekhe tathA zrI paM0 zivapUjanasiMha jI kuzavAha zAstrI ema0 e0, jinhoMne sUciyoM ke nirmANa meM sahAyatA kI, kA dhanyavAda karatA huuN| yudhiSThira mImAMsaka

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bhUmikA (prathama saMskaraNa) bhAratIya prAryoM kA prAcIna saMskRta vAGamaya saMsAra kI samasta jAtiyoM ke prAcIna vAGamaya kI apekSA vizAla aura prAcInatama hai| abhI taka usakA jitanA anveSaNa, sampAdana aura mudraNa hayA hai, vaha 'usa vAGamaya kA dazamAMza bhI nahIM hai| ataH jaba taka samasta prAcIna vAGamaya kA susampAdana aura mudraNa nahIM ho jAtA, taba taka nizcaya hI usakA anusandhAna kArya adhUrA rhegaa| pAzcAttya vidvAnoM ne saMskRta vAGamaya kA adhyayana karake usakA itihAsa likhane kA prayAsa kiyA hai, parantu vaha itihAsa yoropiyana dRSTikoNa ke anusAra likhA gayA hai / usameM yahUdI IsAI pakSapAta, vikAsavAda aura Adhunika adhUre bhASAvijJAna ke AdhAra para aneka mithyA kalpanAeM kI gaI haiN| bhAratIya aitihAsika paramparA kI na kevala upekSA kI hai, apitu use sarvathA avizvAsya kahane kI dhRSTatA bhI kI hai| hamAre katipaya bhAratIya vidvAnoM ne bhI prAcIna bhAratIya vAGamaya kA itihAsa likhA hai, para vaha yoropiyana vidvAnoM kA andha-anukaraNamAtra hai / isaliye bhAratIya prAcIna vAGamaya kA bhAratIya aitihAsika paramparA tathA bhAratIya vicAradhArA se kramavaddha yathArtha itihAsa likhane kI mahatI AvazyakatA hai| isa kSetra meM sava se pahalA parizrama tIna bhAgoM meM 'vaidika vAGamaya kA itihAsa' likhakara zrI mAnanIya paM0 bhagavaddattajI ne kiyaa| usI ke eka aMza kI pUrti ke liye hamArA yaha prayAsa hai| 1. svatantratA prApti ke pazcAt isa kSetra meM mahatI girAvaTa AI hai| zatazaH prAcIna mudrita grantha duSprApya ho gaye haiN| naye granthoM kA prakAzana honA to dUra rahA, pUrva mudrita granthoM ke punaH saMskaraNa bhI nahIM hue| 2. dekho-zrI bhagavaddattajI kRta 'bhAratavarSa kA bRhad itihAsa' bhAga 1 pRSTha 34-68 taka bhAratIya itihAsa kI vikRti ke kAraNa' nAmaka tRtIya adhyAya /

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prathama saMskaraNa kI bhUmikA saMskRta vAGamaya meM vyAkaraNa-zAstra apanA mahattvapUrNa sthAna rakhatA hai| usakA jo vAGamaya isa samaya kA upalabdha hai, vaha bhI bahata vistRta hai| isa zAstra kA abhI taka koI kramabaddha itihAsa aMgrejI vA kisI bhAratIya bhASA meM prakAzita nahIM huaa| cirakAla huA saM0 1972 meM DA0 belvAlkarajI kA 'sisTams prApha dI saMskRta grAmara' nAmaka eka choTA sA nibandha aMgrejI bhASA meM chapA thaa| saMvata 1995 meM baMgalA bhASA meM zrI paM0 gurupada hAladAra kRta vyAkaraNa darzanera itihAsa' nAmaka grantha kA prathama bhAga prakAzita hunA / usameM mukhyatayA vyAkaraNa-zAstra ke dArzanika siddhAntoM kA vivecana hai| anta ke aMza meM kucha eka prAcIna vaiyAkaraNoM kA varNana bhI kiyA gayA hai| ataH samasta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA kramabaddha itihAsa likhane kA yaha hamArA sarva prathama prayAsa hai| itihAsa-zAstra kI ora pravRtti | ArSa granthoM ke mahAn vettA, mahAvaiyAkaraNa AcAryavara zrI paM0 brahmadatta jijJAsu kI, bhAratIya prAcIna vAGamaya aura itihAsa ke udbhaTa vidvAn zrI paM0 bhagavaddattajI ke sAtha purAnI snigdha maitrI thii|' prAcAryavara java kabhI zrI mAnanIya paNDitajI se milane jAyA karate the, taba ve prAyaH mujhe bhI apane sAtha le jAte the| Apa donoM mahAnubhAvoM kA jaba kabhI paraspara milanA hotA thA, tabhI unakI paraspara aneka viSayoM para mahattvapUrNa zAstracarcA huA karatI thii| mujhe usa zAstracarcA ke zravaNa se atyanta lAbha huA / isa prakAra apane adhyayana kAla meM saM0 1986, 1987 meM zrI mAnanIya paNDitajI ke saMsarga meM Ane para Apake mahAn pANDitya kA mujha para vizeSa prabhAva pdd'aa| aura bhAratIya prAcIna granthoM ke sampAdana tathA unake itihAsa jAnane kI merI ruci utpanna huI, aura vaha ruci uttarottara bar3hatI gyii| ApakI preraNA se maiMne sarva prathama dazapAdI-uNAdi-vRtti kA sampAdana kiyA / yaha grantha vyAkaraNa ke vAGamaya meM atyanta mahattvapUrNa aura prAcIna hai| isakA prakAzana saMvat 1666 meM rAjakIya saMskRta mahA 1. aba donoM hI svargata ho cuke haiM /

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10 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa vidyAlaya kAzI' kI sarasvatI bhavana prakAzanamAlA kI ora se huA / ' adhyayanakAla meM vyAkaraNa merA pradhAna viSaya rahA / prArambha se hI isameM merI mahatI ruci thI / isaliye zrI mAnanIya paNDitajI ne saMvat 1964 meM mujhe vyAkaraNazAstra kA itihAsa likhane kI preraNA kI / ApakI preraNAnusAra kArya prArambha karane para bhI kArya kI mahattA, usake sAdhanoM kA abhAva, aura apanI yogyatA ko dekhakara aneka bAra merA mana uparata huA / parantu Apa mujhe isa kArya ke liye nirantara preraNA dete rahe, aura apane saMskRta vAG maya ke vizAla adhyayana se saMgRhIta etadgranthopayogo vividha sAmagrI pradAna kara mujhe sadA protsAhita karate rhe| ApakI preraNA aura protsAhana kA hI phala hai ki aneka vighna-bAdhAoM ke hote hue bhI maiM isa kArya ko karane meM kathaMcit samartha ho sakA / itihAsa ko kAla gaNanA isa itihAsa meM bhAratIya aitihAsika paramparA ke anusAra bhAratayuddha ko vikrama se 3044 varSa prAcIna mAnA hai / bhAratayuddha se prAcIna AcAryoM ke kAlanirdhAraNa kI samasyA bar3I jaTila hai / jaba taka prAcIna yuga-parimANa kA vAstavika svarUpa jJAta na ho jAe, taba taka usakA kAla- nirdhAraNa karanA sarvathA asambhava hai / itanA hone para bhI hamane isa grantha meM bhAratayuddha se prAcIna vyaktiyoM kA kAla darzAne kA prayAsa kiyA hai / isake liye hamane kRta yuga ke 4800, tretA ke 3600, dvApara ke 2400 divya varSoM ko sauravarSa * mAna kara kAlagaNanA kI hai / isaliye bhAratayuddha se prAcIna prAcAryoM kA isa iti 1. vartamAna ( saMvat 2041 ) meM sampUrNAnanda saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya, vaaraannsii| 2. aba vaha duSprApya ho cukA hai / 3. zrI paM0 bhagavaddattajI kRta 'bhAratavarSa kA itihAsa' dvitIya saMskaraNa pRSTha 205-20e| tathA rAyabahAdura cintAmaNi vaidya kRta 'mahAbhArata kI mImAMsA' pRSTha 89 - 140 / 4. tulanA karo - saptaviMzatiparyante kRtsne nakSatramaNDale / saptarSayastu tiSThanti paryAyeNa zataM zatam / saptarSINAM yugaM hyetad divyayA saMkhyayA smRtam // vAyu purANa a0 16, zloka 419 / anyatra vinA divya vizeSaNa ke sAdhAraNa rUpa meM 2700 varSa kahA hai /

Page #16
prathama saMskaraNa kI bhUmikA 11 hAsa meM jo kAla darzAyA hai, vaha unake astitva kI uttara sImA hai / ve usa kAla se adhika prAcIna to ho sakate haiM, parantu arvAcIna nahIM ho sakate, itanA nizcita hai / pAzcAttya tathA unake anukaraNakartA bhAratIya aitihAsikoM kA mata hai ki bhArata meM AryoM kA itihAsa IsA se 2500 varSa se adhika prAcIna nahIM hai / isakI satyatA hamAre isa itihAsa se bhale prakAra jJAta ho jAyagI / hamane abhI taka bhAratIya prAcIna itihAsa ke sambandha meM jitanA vicAra kiyA hai, usake anusAra bhAratIya AryoM kA prAcIna kramabaddha itihAsa lagabhaga 16000 varSoM kA nizcita rUpa se upalabdha hotA hai / usa itihAsa kA prArambha vartamAna caturyugI ke satyuga se hotA hai / usase pUrva kA itihAsa upalabdha nahIM hotA / isakA eka mahattvapUrNa kAraNa hai / hamArA vicAra hai ki satyayuga se pUrva saMsAra meM eka mahAn jalaplAvana AyA, jisa meM prAyaH samasta bhArata jalamagna ho gayA thA / jalaplAvana meM bhArata ke kucha eka maharSi hI jIvita rahe / yaha vahI mahAn jalaplAvana hai, jo bhAratIya itihAsa meM manu ke jalaplAvana ke nAma se vikhyAta hai / isa bhArI uthala-puthala macA dene vAlI mahattvapUrNa ghaTanA kA ullekha na kevala bhAratIya vAG maya meM hai, apitu saMsAra kI sabhI jAtiyoM ke prAcIna granthoM meM nUha athavA noha kA jalaplAvana Adi vibhinna nAmoM se smRta hai / ataH isa mahAn jalaplAvana kI aitihAsikatA sarvathA satya hai / isa jalaplAvana kA saMsAra ke anya dezoM para kyA prabhAva par3A, yaha abhI anveSaNIya hai / Adhunika bhASA - vijJAna bhAratIya prAcIna vAG maya ke anusAra saMskRtabhASA vizva kI Adi bhASA hai / parantu Adhunika bhASAvijJAnavAdiyoM ke matAnusAra saMskRtabhASA vizva kI Adi bhASA nahIM hai, aura usameM uttarottara mahAn parivartana huA hai / saMvat 2001 meM maiMne paM0 becaradAsa jIvarAja dozI kI 'gujarAtI bhASAnI utkrAnti' nAmaka pustaka pddh'ii| usameM dozI mahodaya ne lagabhaga 100 pANinIya sUtroM ko uddhRta karake vaidika saMskRta aura

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12 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa prAkRta kI pArasparika mahatI samAnatA darzAte hue siddha karane kA prayatna kiyA hai ki vaidika saMskRta aura prAkRta kA mUla koI prAgaitihAsika prAkRta bhASA thI / yadyapi maiM usase pUrva Adhunika bhASAvijJAna ke kaI grantha dekha cukA thA, tathApi, ukta pustaka meM sapramANa lekha kA avalokana karane se mujhe bhASAvijJAna para vizeSa vicAra karane kI preraNA milI / tadanusAra maiMne do DhAI varSa taka nirantara bhASAvijJAna kA vizeSa adhyayana aura manana kiyA / usase maiM isa pariNAma para pahuMcA ki Adhunika bhASAvijJAna kA prAsAda adhikatara kalpanA kI bhitti para khar3A kiyA gayA hai| usake aneka niyama, jinake AdhAra para apabhraMza bhASAoM ke kramika vikAra aura pArasparika sambandha kA nizcaya kiyA gayA hai, adhUre ekadezI haiN| hamArA bhASA - vijJAna para svatantra grantha likhane kA vicAra hai / ' usameM hama prAghunika bhASAvijJAna ke sthApita kiye gaye niyamoM kI samyak AlocanA kareMge prasaMgavaza isa grantha meM bhI bhASAvijJAna ke eka mahattvapUrNa niyama kA adhUrApana darzAyA hai / saMskRtabhASA vizva kI Adi bhASA hai vA nahIM, isa para isa grantha meM vicAra nahIM kiyA / parantu bhASAvijJAna ke gambhIra adhyayana ke anantara hama isa pariNAma para pahuMce haiM ki saMskRtabhASA meM zrAdi ( cAhe usakA prArambha kabhI se kyoM na mAnA jAya ) se Aja taka yatkicit parivartana nahIM huA hai / Adhunika bhASAzAstrI saMskRtabhASA meM jo parivartana darzAte haiM, ve satya nahIM haiN| hAM, ApAtataH satya pratIta avazya hote haiM, parantu usa pratIti kA eka vizeSa kAraNa hai / aura vaha hai- saMskRtabhASA kA hrAsa / saMskRtabhASA pratiprAcIna kAla meM bahuta vistRta thI / zanaiH-zanaiH deza kAla aura paristhitiyoM ke parivartana ke kAraNa mleccha bhASAtroM kI utpatti huI, aura uttarottara unakI vRddhi ke sAtha-sAtha saMskRtabhASA kA prayogakSetra sImita hotA gayA / isaliye vibhinna dezoM meM prayukta honevAle saMskRtabhASA ke vizeSa zabda saMskRtabhASA se lupta ho gaye / bhASAvijJAnavAdI saMskRtabhASA meM jo parivartana darzAte haiM, vaha sArA isI zabdalopa vA saMskRta 1 1. zrI paM0 bhagavaddattajI ne isa viSaya para 'bhASA kA itihAsa' nAmaka eka grantha likhA hai / 2. dekho pRSTha 12, 13 ( prakRta caturtha saM0 meM pRSTha 15-18) /

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prathama saMskaraNa kI bhUmikA bhASA ke saMkoca (- hrAsa) ke kAraNa pratIta hotA hai| vastutaH saMskRtabhASA meM koI maulika parivartana nahIM huaa| hamane isa viSaya kA vizada nirUpaNa isa grantha ke prathamAdhyAya meM kiyA hai| apane pakSa kI satyatA darzAne ke liye hamane 20 pramANa diye haiN| hameM apane vigata 30 varSa ke saMskRta adhyayana tathA adhyApanakAla meM saMskRtabhASA kA eka bhI aisA zabda nahIM milA, jisake liye kahA jA sake ki amuka samaya meM saMskRtabhASA meM isa zabda kA yaha rUpa thA, aura taduttarakAla meM isakA yaha rUpa ho gayA / ' isI prakAra aneka loga saMskRtabhASA meM muNDa Adi bhASAoM ke zabdoM kA astitva mAnate haiM, vaha bhI mithyAkalpanA hai / ve vastutaH saMskRtabhASA ke apane zabda haiM, aura usake vikRta rUpa muNDa Adi bhASAoM meM prayukta hote haiM / isa viSaya kA saMkSipta nidarzana bhI hamane prathamAdhyAya ke anta meM karAyA hai| itihAsa kA lekhana aura mudraNa maiM isa grantha ke liye upayukta sAmagrI kA saMkalana saMvat 1966 taka lAhaura meM kara cukA thA, isakI prArambhika rUparekhA bhI nirdhArita kI jA cukI thii| saMvat 1966 ke madhya se saMbat 2002 ke anta taka paropakAriNI sabhA ajamera ke granthasaMzodhana kArya ke liye ajamera meM rahA / isa kAla meM isa grantha ke kaI prakaraNa likhe gaye, aura bhASAvijJAna kA gambhIra adhyayana aura manana kiyaa| isake pariNAmasvarUpa isa grantha kA prathama adhyAya likhA gyaa| kaI kAraNoM se saMvata 2003 ke prArambha meM paropakAriNI sabhA ajamera kA kArya chor3anA par3A, ataH maiM punaH lAhaura calA gyaa| vahAM zrI rAmalAla kapUra TrasTa meM kArya karate hue isa grantha ke prathama bhAga kA cAra pAMca vAra saMzodhana karane ke anantara mudraNArtha antima prati (presa kApI) taiyAra kii| zrI mAnanIya paNDita bhagavaddattajI ne, jinakI preraNA aura atyadhika sahayoga kA phala yaha grantha hai, apane vyaya se isa grantha ke prakAzana kI 1. isa caturtha saMskaraNa taka 60 varSa ke saMskRta adhyayana-adhyApana-kAla meM bhI hameM eka bhI aisA zabda nahIM milA, aura na kisI vidvAn ne isa viSaya kA eka bhI udAharaNa hamAre sAmane prastuta kiyA / jisakA rUpAntara ho gayA ho, aura vaha rUpAntara bhI saMskRtabhASA kA hI aGga bana gayA ho /

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14 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa vyavasthA kI / saMvat 2003 ke anta meM, jaba sampUrNa paJjAba meM sAmpradAyika gar3abar3a prArambha ho cukI thI, isakA mudraNa Arambha huA / sAmpradAyika upadravoM ke kAraNa aneka vighna hote hue bhI zrASAr3ha saMvat 2004 taka isa grantha ke 16 phArma arthAt 152 pRSTha chapa cuke the / zrAvaNa saMvat 2004 meM bhArata vibhAjana ke kAraNa lAhaura ke pAkistAna meM cale jAne se isa grantha kA mudrita bhAga vahIM naSTa ho gayA / usI samaya maiM bhI lAhaura se punaH ajamera A gayA / ukta dezavibhAjana se zrI mAnanIya paNDitajI kI samasta sampatti, jo Der3ha lAkha rupaye se bhI Upara kI thI, vahIM naSTa ho gayI / itanA hone para bhI Apa kiJcinmAtra hatotsAha nahIM hue, aura isa grantha ke punarmudraNa ke liye barAbara prayatna karate rahe / anta meM zrApa aura Apake mitroM ke prayatna se phAlguna saMvat 2005 meM isa grantha kA mudraNa punaH prArambha huA / maiMne isa kAla meM pUrvamudrita aMza kA, jisakI eka kApI mere pAsa baca gaI thI, aura zeSa hastalikhita presa kApI kA punaH pariSkAra kiyA / isa naye pariSkAra se isa grantha kA svarUpa atyanta zreSTha banA, aura grantha bhI pUrvApekSayA Dyor3hA ho gayA / isa prakAra anirvacanIya vighna-bAdhAoM ke hone para bhI zrI mAnanIya paNDitajI ke nirantara sahayoga aura mahAn prayatna se yaha prathama bhAga chapakara sajjita huA hai / isake liye maiM ApakA atyanta kRtajJa hUM, anyathA isa grantha kA mudraNa honA sarvathA asambhava thA / isa grantha kA dUsarA bhAga bhI yathAsambhava zIghra prakAzita hogA', jisameM zeSa 13 adhyAya hoMge / svalpa truTi vidyA kI dRSTi se ajamera eka atyanta pichar3A huA nagara hai / yahAM koI aisA pustakAlaya nahIM, jisake sAhAyya se koI vyakti anveSaNa-kArya kara sake / isaliye isa grantha ke mudraNakAla meM mujhe adhikatara apanI saMgRhIta TippaNiyoM para hI avalambita rahanA par3A mUla granthoM ko dekhakara unake pAThoM kI zuddhAzuddhatA kA nirNaya na kara sakA / ataH sambhava hai kucha sthaloM para pATha tathA pate Adi ke nirdeza 1. yaha bhAga bhI saM0 2016 meM prakAzita ho cukA hai /

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prathama saMskaraNa kI bhUmikA meM kucha bhUla ho gaI ho / kinhIM kAraNoM se isa bhAga meM kaI aAvazyaka anukramaNiyAM denI raha gayI haiM, unheM hama tIsare bhAga ke anta meM deMge / kRtajJatA-prakAza ArSa granthoM ke mahAdhyApaka padavAkyapramANajJa mahAvaiyAkaraNa AcAryavara zrI pUjya paM0 brahmadattajI jijJAsu ko, jinake caraNoM meM baiThakara 14 varSa nirantara ArSa granthoM kA adhyayana kiyA, bhAratIya vAGamaya aura itihAsa ke advitIya vidvAn zrI mAnanIya paM0 bhagavaddattajI ko, jinase maiMne bhAratIya prAcIna itihAsa kA jJAna prApta kiyA, tathA jinakI aharniza preraNA utsAhavardhana aura mahatI sahAyatA se isa grantha ke lekhana meM kathaMcit samartha ho sakA, tathA anya sabhI pUjya gurujanoM ko, jinase aneka viSayoM kA maiMne adhyayana kiyA hai, anekadhA bhaktipuraHsara namaskAra karatA huuN| ___ isa grantha ke likhane meM sAMkhya-yoga ke mahApaNDita zrI udayavIra jI zAstrI, darzana tathA sAhitya ke marmajJa vidvAna zrI paM0 IzvaracandrajI, purAtattvajJa zrI paM0 satyazravAH jI ema0 e0, zrI paM0 indradevajI AcArya, zrI paM0 jyotisvarUpajI, aura zrI paM0 vAcaspatijI vibhu (bulandazahara nivAsI) Adi aneka mahAnubhAvoM se samaya-samaya para bahuvidha sahAyatA milii| mitravara bhI paM0 mahendrajI zAstrI (bhUtapUrva saMzodhaka vaidika yantrAlaya, ajamera) ne isa grantha ke prUphasaMzodhana meM Adi se 42 phArma taka mahatI sahAyatA pradAna kii| ukta sahayoga ke liye maiM ina saba mahAnubhAvoM kA atyanta kRtajJa huuN| ___ maiMne isa grantha kI racanA meM zatazaH granthoM kA upayoga kiyA, jinakI sahAyatA ke vinA isa grantha kI racanA sarvathA asambhava thii| isaliye maiM una saba granthakAroM; vizeSakara zrI paM0 nAthUrAmajI premI kA, jinake 'jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa' grantha ke AdhAra para prAcArya devanandI aura pAtyakIrti kA prakaraNa likhA, atyanta AbhArI huuN| ____saMvat 2004 ke dezavibhAjana ke anantara lAhaura se ajamera jAne para Arya sAhitya maNDala ajamera ke mainejiMga DAIrekTara zrI mAnanIya bAbU mathurAprasAdajI zivahare ne maNDala meM kArya dekara merI jo sahAyatA kI, use maiM kisI avasthA meM bhI bhalA nahIM sktaa| isake atirikta Apane maNDala ke 'phAina ArTa priMTiMga presa' meM isa grantha ke

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saskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa sundara mudraNa kI vyavasthA kI, usake liye bhI maiM ApakA vizeSa kRtajJa huuN| svAdhyAya saba se mahAna 'satra' hai| anya satroM kI samApti jarAvasthA meM ho jAtI hai, parantu isa satra kI samApti mRtyu se hI hotI hai| maiMne isakA vrata adhyayanakAla meM liyA thA / prabhu kI kRpA se gRhastha hone para bhI vaha satra abhI taka nirantara pravRtta hai| yaha anusandhAnakArya usI kA phala hai| mere liye isa prakAra kA anusandhAnakArya karanA sarvathA asaMbhava hotA, yadi merI patnI yazodAdevI isa mahAn satra meM apanA pUrA sahayoga na detI / usane Ajakala ke mahAghakAla meM atyalpa Aya meM santoSa, tyAga aura tapasyA se gRhabhAra saMbhAla kara vAstavika rUpa meM saharmiNItva nibhAyA, anyathA mujhe sArA samaya adhika dravyopArjana kI cintA meM lagAkara isa prArabdha satra ko madhya meM hI chor3anA pdd'taa| kSamA-yAcanA bahuta prayatna karane para bhI mAnuSa-sulabha pramAda tathA dRSTidoSa Adi ke kAraNoM se grantha meM mudraNa-sambandhI azuddhiyAM raha gayI haiN| anta ke 16 phArmoM meM aisI azuddhiyAM apekSAkRta kucha adhika rahI haiM, kyoMki ye phArma mere kAzI Ane ke bAda chape haiN| chapate-chapate aneka sthAnoM para mAtrAoM aura akSaroM ke TUTa jAne se bhI kucha azuddhiyAM ho gayI haiM / AzA hai pAThaka mahAnubhAva isake liye kSamA kreNge| aitihmapravaNazcAhaM nApavAdyaH skhalannapi / nahi sadvartmanA gacchan skhaliteSvapyapodyate // prAcyavidyA-pratiSThAna motI jhIla-phAzI mArgazIrSa- saM0 2007 ) viduSAM vazaMvada: yudhiSThira mImAMmaka 1. dra0-jarAmayaM vA etat satraM yadagnihotram / jarayA ha bA etasmAnmucyate mRtyunA vA / zata0 12 / 4 / 1 / 1 //

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tRtIya saMskaraNa kI bhUmikA mere 'saMskRta vyAkaraNa zAstra kA itihAsa' grantha kA prathama bhAga saM0 2007 meM prathama bAra chapA thA / isakA dvitIya parivardhita saMskaraNa aneka vighna-bAdhAnoM ke kAraNa lagabhaga 12 varSa pazcAt saM0 2020 meM chpaa| yaha bhI do varSa se aprApya ho cukA thaa| ava usakA punaH pariSkRta vA parivardhita saMskaraNa meM prakAzita kara rahA huuN| dvitIya bhAga prathama bAra saM0 2016 meM chapA thaa| yaha bhAga bhI 4 varSa se aprApya thaa| aba usakA bhI dvitIya pariSkRta evaM parivardhita saMskaraNa sAtha hI prakAzita ho rahA hai| tRtIya bhAga chApane kI sUcanA maiMne prathama bhAga ke dvitIya saMskaraNa meM dI thii| parantu vividha prakAra kI vighna-bAdhAoM ke kAraNa maiM ise prakAzita nahIM kara sakA / yaha bhAga bhI isa saMskaraNa ke sAtha hI prakAzita ho rahA hai| - vidvAnoM ke anukUla vA pratikUla vicAra-prathama bhAga prakAzita hone ke pazcAt gata 23 varSoM, evaM dvitIya bhAga ke prakAzita hone ke pazcAt gata 11 varSoM, meM itihAsapremI vidvAnoM ne mere isa grantha ke sambandha meM anekavidha vicAra upasthita kiye / unakI yahAM carcA karanA vyartha hai| yataH merA grantha apane viSaya kA ekamAtra prathama grantha hai (anya bhASAoM meM bhI isa viSaya para itanA vizada granya Aja taka nahIM likhA gayA), isa kAraNa mujhe sArI sAmagrI sahasroM mudrita evaM hastalikhita granthoM kA pArAyaNa karake svayaM saMkalita karanI par3I, aura bhAratIya itihAsa ke anusAra use kramabaddha karanA pdd'aa| isa kAraNa inameM kahIM kvacit pramAda se azuddhi honA svAbhAvika hai / isake sAtha hI yaha bhI dhyAna meM rakhane yogya bAta hai ki maiMne apane itihAsa kI sAmagrI prAyaH lAhaura DI0 e0 vI0 kAleja evaM vividha vizva vidyAlayoM ke pustakAlayoM meM saMgRhIta granthoM se kI thii| ataH aneka durlabha granthoM ke punardarzana kA abhAva hone se unake uddhRta uddharaNoM ke pAThoM evaM patoM kA punarmilAna bhI asammava ho gyaa| isa kAraNa bhI isameM kahIM-kahIM kucha truTiyAM rahI haiM /

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa gata 23 varSoM meM aneka lekhakoM ne mere isa grantha se pratyakSa vA parokSarUpa meM bahuvidha sahAyatA lI hai| aneka udAramanA lekhakoM ne 'udAratApUrvaka' mere grantha vA mere nAma kA ullekha kiyA hai| aneka aise mahAnubhAva bhI haiM, jinhoMne mere grantha se na kevala sAhAyya liyA, apitu pUre-prakaraNa ko apane zabdoM meM DhAlakara apane lekhoM granthoM vA zodha-prabandhoM ke viziSTa prakaraNa likhe, parantu kahIM para bhI mere grantha vA mere nAma kA ullekha karanA unhoMne ucita nahIM smjhaa| sambhava hai isameM unhoMne apanI zodha-pratiSThA kI hAni samajhI ho / kucha bhI ho isa grantha ke prakAzita hone ke pazcAta isa se vividha lekhakoM ko bahuvidha sAhAyya prApta huA, itane se hI maiM apane parizrama ko saphala samajhatA huuN| zrI DA. satyakAma varmA kA grantha-mere grantha ke prakAzana ke pazcAt isa viSaya kA eka hI grantha gata varSa prakAzita huA hai| vaha hai-zrI DA0 satyakAma varmA kA 'saMskRta vyAkaraNa kA udbhava aura vikAsa' / yaha grantha vizvavidyAlayIya chAtroM kI dRSTi se hI likhA gayA hai / ataH isameM maulika cintana kI AzA karanA bhI vyartha hai| Apane yaha grantha yoropIya dRSTi ko pradhAnatA dete hue likhA hai| prasaGgavaza unheM mere grantha ko bhI udadhRta karanA par3A / parantu Azcarya isa bAta kA hai ki zrI varmA jI ne aneka sthAnoM para mere nAma se jo mata uddhRta kiye haiM, ve mere grantha meM usa rUpa meM kahIM likhe hI nahIM gye| isa prakAra ke do tIna sthaloM kI samIkSA maiMne isa saMskaraNa meM nidarzanArtha kI hai| pAThaka donoM ke granthoM ko milAkara par3heM, aura dekheM ki kisa prakAra apanA vaiduSya dikhAne ke liye kisI lekhaka ke nAma se asatya mata upasthita karake unakI samIkSA karane kA roga hamAre DAkTara jaisI sammAnita upAdhidhAriyoM meM vidyamAna hai| vividha parIkSAoM meM grantha kI svIkRti-AgarA, pajAba Adi aneka vizvavidyAlayoM meM vyAkaraNaviSayaka ema0 e0, tathA vArANaseya saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya kI prAcArya parIkSA ke pAThyakrama meM sAkSAt vA sahAyaka grantha ke rUpa meM mere grantha ko sthAna diyA gayA hai / yadyapi yaha grantha bhAratIya aitihAsika dRSTi se likhA hone ke kAraNa pAzyAttya-matAnuyAyI adhikAriyoM dvArA ukta parIkSAnoM meM sthAna pAne ke yogya nahIM haiM, parantu apane viSaya kA ekamAtra grantha ..

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tRtIya saMskaraNa kI bhUmikA 16 hone ke kAraNa pAThyakrama ke nirdhArakoM ko apanAnA hI pdd'aa| yaha bhI isa grantha kI upAdeyatA kA paricAyaka hai| vividha prakAra ko sUciyAM isa prakAra ke zodhagranthoM meM vividha prakAra kI sUciyoM kA honA atyAvazyaka hotA hai, jisase abhipreta viSaya zIghratA se DhaMDhA jA ske| parantu isa granthoM ke donoM bhAgoM ke pichale saMskaraNoM meM isa prakAra kI sUciyAM hama nahIM de sake / isakI nyUnatA hameM svayaM bahuta akharatI thii| isa kamI ko hama isa saMskaraNa meM dUra kara rahe haiN| tInoM bhAgoM se sambandha grantha aura granthakAra ke nAmoM ko sUciyAM tathA isa grantha se sAkSAt vA paramparA se sambandha katipaya viSayoM kA nirdeza tRtIya bhAga ke anta meM kara rahe haiN| isa kArya se isa grantha kI upayogitA aura bar3ha jAyegI, aisA hamArA vizvAsa hai| kRtajJatA-prakAzana isa grantha ke punaH saMskaraNa aura prakAzana meM jina-jina mahAnubhAvoM ne sahayoga pradAna kiyA hai, maiM una saba kA bahuta AbhArI huuN| . tathApi 1-zrI paM0 rAmazaGkara bhaTTAcArya, vyAkaraNAcArya ema0 e0, pIeca0 DI0, kaashii| 2-zrI paM0 rAmaavadha pANDeya, vyAkaraNAcArya, ema0 e0 pIeca0 DI0, gorkhpur| 3-zrI paM0 bI0 eca0 padmanAbha rAva, prAtmakUra (aandhr)| 4-zrI paM0 yan0 sI0 yas0 veGkaTAcArya 'zatAvadhAnI', sikandarAbAda (aandhr)| ina cAroM mahAnubhAvoM ne isa grantha ke pUrva saMskaraNoM ke mudraNa ke pazcAt anekavidha atyAvazyaka sUcanAeM dIM, unase isa grantha ke punaH saMskaraNa meM paryApta sahAyatA milI hai / isa kArya ke lie maiM ina cAroM mahAnubhAvoM kA vizeSa AbhArI huuN| 5-zrI DA. bahAduracandajI chAbar3A, ema0 e0, ema0 o0 ela0, pIeca0 DI0, DI0 ema0 e0 esa0, bhUtapUrva saMyukta pradhAna nirdezaka, bhAratIya purAtattva vibhAga, dehlii|

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa Apa julAI san 1958 se nirantara 10 varSa taka 25 ru0 mAsika kI sAttvika sahAyatA karate rahe haiM / isa niSkAma sahayoga ke lie maiM ApakA atyanta AbhArI huuN| 6-zrI paM0 bhagavaddasajI dayAnanda anusandhAna prAzrama, 28 / 1 pajAbI bAga, dehlii| mere pratyeka zodha-kArya meM ApakA bhArI sahayoga sadA se hI rahatA aayaa| Apake sahayoga ke vinA isa kaNTakAkIrNa mArga meM eka pada calanA bhI mere lie kaThina thaa| itanA hI nahIM, isa bhAga ke prathama saMskaraNa ke prakAzana kI bhI vyavasthA Apane usa kAla meM kI thI, jaba deza-vibhAjana ke kAraNa ApakI sampUrNa sampatti lAhaura meM chUTa gaI thI, aura dehalI meM Akara Apa svayaM mahatI kaThinAI meM the| dvitIya saMskaraNa meM jo vRddhi huI hai, usameM adhikAMza bhAga Apa ke nirdezoM ke anusAra hI paribRhita kie gae the| lagabhaga sAr3he cAra varSa pUrva prApakA svargavAsa ho jAne se isa bhAga meM unake dvArA mujhe koI sahayoga prApta na ho sakA, isakA mujhe atyanta kheda hai| unake uttarAdhikAriyoM meM pArasparika kalaha ke kAraNa unakI prati ke prAntabhAgoM meM likhe gaye nirdeza bhI mujhe dekhane ko prApta na ho ske| anyathA unake nirdezoM se isa saMskaraNa meM bhI paryApta lAbha uThA sakatA thaa| rAmalAla kapUra TrasTa ] vaizAkhI parva [ viduSAM vazaMvadaH bahAlagar3ha (sonIpata-harayANA; ) saM0 2030 ( yudhiSThira mImAMsaka

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 48 163 263 269 saMkSipta viSaya-sUcI . (prathama bhAga) zadhyAya viSaya 1-saMskRta bhASA kI pravRtti, vikAsa aura hrAsa 2-vyAkaraNa-zAstra kI utpatti aura prAcInatA 3 - pANinIyASTaka meM anullikhita 16 prAcIna prAcArya 4-pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI meM smRta 10 prAcArya 5-pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana 6- prAcArya pANini ke samaya vidyamAna saMskRta vAGmaya 7-saMgrahakAra vyADi 8-aSTAdhyAyI ke vArtikakAra 8-bAtikoM ke bhASyakAra 352 10-mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali 356 11- mahAbhASya ke 24 TIkAkAra 385 12-mahAbhASya-pradIpa ke 14 vyAkhyAkAra 453 13- anupadakAra aura padazeSakAra 471 14-aSTAdhyAyI ke 47+8= 55 vRttikAra 475 15-kAzikA ke 8 vyAkhyAtA 561 16-pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke prakriyA-granthakAra 582 17-prAcArya pANini se arvAcIna 19 vaiyAkaraNa 608 dvitIya bhAga kI viSaya-sUcI adhyAya viSaya 18-zabdAnuzAsana ke khilapATha 16-zabdoM ke dhAtujatva aura dhAtu ke svarUpa para vicAra 20-dhAtu-pATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (pANini se pUrvavartI) 21-dhAtu-pATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (pANini) 22-, , , (pANini se uttaravartI)

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 23-gaNa-pATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 24-uNAdi-sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 25-liGgAnuzAsana ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 26-paribhASA-pATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 27-phiTa-sUtra kA pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 28-prAtizAkhya Adi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 26-vyAkaraNa ke dArzanika granthakAra 30-lakSyapradhAna vaiyAkaraNa kavi ... tRtIya bhAga kI viSaya-sUcI pariziSTa viSaya . . 1- apANinIya-pramANatA-nArAyaNa bhaTTa 2-pANinIya vyAkaraNa kI vaijJAnika vyAkhyA kA nidarzana 2-nAgezabhaTTa-paryAlocita bhASyasammata aSTAdhyAyIpATha 4-anantarAma-paryAlocita bhASyasammata aSTAdhyAyIpATha 5-mUla pANinIyazikSA ke bRhat aura laghu pATha 6-jAmbavatI-vijaya ke upalabdha zloka vA zlokAMza 7-kRSNa-carita (samudragupta-viracita) 8-'padaprakRtiHsaMhitA' lakSaNa para vicAra 1-jArja korDenA dvArA 'saM0 vyA0 zA0 kA itihAsa' tathA mere dvArA sampAdita vyAkaraNa viSayaka granthoM para likhita ttippnniyaaN| 10-prathama aura dvitIya bhAga meM saMzodhana aura parivardhana 11-saM0 vyA0 zA0 ke itihAsa ke pariSkAra meM patra dvArA sahayoga dene vAle vidvAnoM ke patra / 12-tInoM bhAgoM meM nirdiSTa vyakti saMsthA deza aura nagara ke nAma 13-tInoM bhAgoM meM uddhRta granthoM kI sUcI 14-pRSTha-nirdeza-pUrvaka uddhRta granthoM kA vivaraNa 15-Atmaparicaya . .

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa adhyAya pRSTha prathama bhAga vistRta viSaya-sUcI viSaya 1-saMskRta bhASA kI pravRtti, vikAsa aura hAsa 1 bhASA kI pravRtti, pRSTha 1 / laukika saMskRtabhASA kI pravRtti 2 / laukika vaidika zabdoM kA abheda 4 / saMskRtabhASA kI vyApakatA 8 (vyApakatA ke cAra udAharaNa 11-13) / Adhunika bhASA-mata aura saMskRbhASA 14 / nUtana bhASA-mata kI AlocanA 15 / kyA saMskRta prAkRta se utpanna huI ? 18 / saMskRta nAma kA kAraNa 16 / kalpita kAlavibhAga 21 / zAkhA-brAhmaNa-kalpasUtra-Ayurveda-saMhitAeM samAnakAlika 21 / saMskRtabhASA kA vikAsa 24 / saMskRta bhASA kA hrAsa 26 (saMskRta bhASA meM parivartana hrAsa ke kAraNa pratIta hotA hai)| saMskRta bhASA se zabda-lopa ke 20 prakAra ke udAharaNa-(1) prAcIna yaNa-vyavadhAna sandhi kA lopa 28; (2) 'nayaGkava' kI prakRti 'niyaGku' kA lopa 30; (3) tryambaka ke sAddhita 'tryAmbaka' rUpa kA lopa 30; (4) lohitAdi zabdoM ke parasmaipada ke rUpoM kA lopa 32; (5) aviravikanyAyaprAvika kI avika' prakRti kA, tathA 'avikasya mAMsam' vigraha kA lopa 33; (6) 'kAnIna' kI prakRti 'kanInA' kA lopa (avestA meM 'kaInIna' kA prayoga) 37; (7) 'trayANAma' kI mUla prakRti 'traya' kA lopa 34; (8) SaSThayanta kA tRjanta tathA akAnta ke sAtha samAsa kA lopa 35; (8) hantyarthaka' 'vadha' dhAtu kA lopa 36; (10) 'dvaya' ke 'jas' se anyatra sarvanAmarUpoM kA lopa 36; (11) akArAnta nAma ke 'bhis' pratyayAnta rUpoM kA lopa 37; (12) RkArAntoM ke 'zas' ke pitaraH' Adi rUpoM kA lopa 38; (13) 'arvanto 'maghavantau' Adi rUpoM, dIdhI vevIG aura indhI dhAtu ke prayogoM kA loka meM lopa 38, 39; (14) samAsa meM nakArAnta rAjan ke ('matsyarAjJA' Adi) prayogoM, vinA samAsa ke prakArAnta 'rAja' ke rUpoM kA lopa (samAsAnta pratyaya vA Adeza Adi dvArA mUla prakRti kI ora saMketa- yathA :rAja' aura

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa zAstra kA itihAsa 'aha' akArArAnta, Udhan nakArAnta) 41; (15) 'viMzat' Adi takArAnta aura 'trizati' catvAriMzati' Adi ikArAnta zabdoM kA lopa 42; (16) pANinIya vyAkaraNa se pratIyamAna katipaya zabdoM kA lopa 44; (17) 'chandovat kavayaH kurvanti' niyama kA rahasya 45; (18) vaiyAkaraNa-niyamoM ke mAdhAra para saMskRtazabdoM ke parivatita rUpoM kI kalpanA karanA dussAhasa 46; (19-20) bhASA meM zabda-prayogoM kA kabhI lopa honA aura kabhI punaH prayoga honA 47 / saMskRtagranthoM meM aprayujyamAna saMskRtazabdoM ko hindI phArasI Adi bhASAoM meM upalabdhi-yathA pavitrArthaka pAka, ghara, jaGga, bAja, jaja, DhUr3ha (kriyA) Adi 50 / vaiyAkaraNoM dvArA AdiSTa-rUpavAlI dhAtuoM kA svatantra prayoga 52 / prAkRta Adi bhASAyoM dvArA saMskRta ke lapta prayogoM kA saMketa 56 / kyA apazabda sAdhu zabdoM kA smaraNa karA kara artha kA bodha karAte hai ? 56 2-vyAkaraNa-zAstra kI utpatti aura prAcInatA 58 vyAkaraNa kA Adi mUla 58 / vyAkaraNazAstra kI utpatti 56 / vyAkaraNa zabda kI prAcInatA 60 / SaDaGga zabda se vyAkaraNa kA nirdeza 61 / vyAkaraNAntargata katipaya saMjJAoM kI prAcInatA 61 / vyAkaraNa kA prAdi pravaktA-brahmA 62 / dvitIya pravaktA-bRhaspati 64 / vyAkaraNa kA Adi saMskartA-indra 66 / mAhezvara sampradAya 67 / vyAkaraNa kA bahuvidha pravacana 67 / pANini se prAcIna (85) pravaktA 67 / ATha vyAkaraNa pravaktA 68 / nava vyAkaraNa 70 / pAMca vyAkaraNa 71 / vyAkaraNa zAstra ke tIna vibhAga 71 / vyAkaraNa-pravaktAoM ke do vibhAga 71 / pANini se prAcIna (26 parijJAta) AcArya 71 / prAtizAkhya Adi vaidika vyAkaraNapravaktA 72 / prAtizAkhyoM meM uddhRta (59) prAcArya 74 / pANini se arvAcIna (18) prAcArya 78 / 3-pANinIyASTaka meM anullikhita (16) prAcIna AcArya 79 1. ziva (mahezvara) 76 / 2. bRhaspati 84 / 3. indra 87; aindra vyAkaraNa ke sUtra 63 / 4. vAyu 67 / 5. bharadvAja 18 / 6. bhAguri 104, bhAmuri vyAkaraNa ke sUtra 106 / 7. pauSkarasAdi 110 / 8. cArAyaNa 113, cArAyaNa-sUtra 113 / 6. kAzakRtsna' 115 / 1. kAzakRtsna ke 140 sUtroM ke saMgraha ke lie dekhie-hamArA kAzakRtsna-vyAkaraNam' nAmaka saMkalana /

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viSaya-sUcI 25 10. zAntanava' 134 / 11. vaiyAghrapadya 134 / 12. mAdhyandini 136 / 13. rauDhi 136 / 14. zaunaki 141 / 15. gautama 143 / 16. vyADi 143 / 4-pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI meM smRta (10)AcArya 146 1. Apizali 146, prApizala sUtra 151 / 2. kAzyapa 158 / 3. gArya 161 / 4. gAlaca 165 / 5. cAkravarmaNaM 168 / 6. bhAradvAja 172 / 7. zAkaTAyana 174 / 8. zAkalya 183 / 6. senaka 188 / 10. sphoTAkna 186 / / 5-pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana pANini ke paryAya 163 / vaMza tathA guru-ziSya 167 / deza 202 / mRtyu 203 / kAla-pAzcAttya mata 205, pAzcAttya mata kI parIkSA 207, antaHsAkSya 211, pANini ke samakAlika prAcArya 216, zaunaka kA kAla 218, yAska kA kAla 216 / pANita kI mahattA 221 / pANinIya vyAkaraNa aura pAzcAttya bidvAna 223 / kyA kAtyAyana aura pataJjali pANini ke sUtroM kA khaNDana karate haiM ? 224 / pANinitantra kA AdisUtra 224 / kyA pratyAhArasUtra apANinIya haiM ? 226 / aSTAdhyAyI ke pAThAntara 232 / kAzikAkAra para arvAcInoM ke AkSepa 235 / aSTAdhyAyI kA trividha pATha 237 / pANinIya zAstra ke nAma 239 / pANinIya zAstra kA mukhya upajIvya 242 / pANinIya tantra kI vizeSatA 242 / pANinIya tantra pUrva tantroM se saMkSipta 243 / aSTAdhyAyI saMhitA pATha meM racI thI 246 / sUtrapATha ekazrutisvara meM thA 247 / aSTAdhyAyI meM prAcIna sUtroM kA uddhAra 246 / prAcIna sUtroM ke parijJAna ke kucha upAya 252 / aSTAdhyAyI ke pAdoM kI saMjJAeM 254 / pANini ke anya vyAkaraNagrantha 255 / pANini ke anya grantha-1. zikSA (sUkAtmikA zlokAtmikA) zikSAsUtroM kA punaruddhAraka, sUtrAtmikA ke do pATha, zlokAtmikA ke do pATha 255 -257, sasvarapATha 258; 2. jAmbavatI-vijaya 258; 3. dvirUpa koza 256, pUrvapANinIyam 260 / 1. isa prakaraNa meM sarvatra zantanu ke sthAna meM 'zAsanava' pATha zodhe / vizeSa dekheM, bhAga 2, pRSTha 346, paM0 22 /

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 268 6-AcArya pANini ke samaya vidyamAna saMskRta vADmaya 246 pANini ke matAnusAra 5 vibhAga 263 / dRSTa 264 / prokta1. saMhitA 267; 2. brAhmaNa 270; 3. anubrAhmaNa 275; 4. upaniSad 277; 5. kalpasUtra 278; 6. anukalpa 280, 7. zikSA 280; 8 vyAkaraNa 262; 6. nirukta 284; 10. chandaH-zAstra 285; 11. jyotiSa 286; 12. sUtra-grantha 286; 13. itihAsa purANa 287; 14. Ayurveda 287; 1516. padapATha kramapATha 288; 17-20. vAstuvidyA, kSatravidyA [nakSatravidyA], utpAda (utpAta) vidyA, nimittavidyA 286; 21-25 sarpavidyA, vApasabidyA, dharmavidyA, golakSaNa, azvalakSaNa 260 / upajJAta 260 / kRta-zlokakAvya 292; Rtugrantha 263; anukramaNI grantha 264; saMgraha 294 / vyAkhyAna grantha vividha viSaya ke 265 / pro0 baladeva upAdhyAya kI bhUleM 266 / 7-saMgrahakAra vyADi vyADi ke paryAya 298 / vaMza 300 / vyADi kA varNana 303 / kAla 305 / saMgraha kA paricaya 305 / saMgraha ke uddharaNa 308 / anya grantha 313 / 8-aSTAdhyAyI ke vArtikakAra vArtika kA lakSaNa 316 / vaiyAkaraNIya vArtika pada kA artha 318 / vArtikoM ke anya nAma 318 / vArtikakAravAkyakAra 320 / 1. kAtyAyana-paryAya 322, vaMza 323, DA0 varmA ke mithyA AkSepa 326, deza 330, kAla 331, vArtikapATha 334, DA0 varmA dvArA azuddha ullekha 336, anya grantha 337 / 2. bhAradvAja 340 / 3. sunAgasaunAga vArtikoM kA svarUpa 341, saunAga vArtikoM kI pahacAna 342, saunAga mata kA anyatra ullekha 342 / 4. koSTA 346 / 5. vADava (kuNaravADava?) 343 / 6. vyAghrabhUti 344 / 7. vaiyAghrapadya 344 : mahAbhASya meM smRta anya vaiyAkaraNa-1. gonardIya 345; 2.. goNikAputra 347; 3. saurya bhagavAn 348, 4. kuNaravADava 348; 5. bhavantaH 348 / mahAbhASyastha vArtikoM para eka dRSTi 346 / 9-cArtikoM ke bhASyakAra bhASya kA lakSaNa 352 / aneka bhASyakAra 353 / arvAcIna 352

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27 viSaya-sUcI vyAkhyAkAra-1. helArAja 355 / 2. rAghava sUri 355 / 3. rAjarudra 355 / 10-mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali 356 paryAya 356 / vaMza-deza 360 / aneka pataJjali 363 / kAla 365 [candrAcArya dvArA mahAbhASya kA uddhAra 368 / candrAcArya kA kAla 368 / aneka pATaliputra 371 / pATaliputra kA aneka bAra basanA 371 / pANini se pUrva pATaliputra kA ujar3anA 371 / pUrva (kAlanirdhAraka) uddharaNoM para bhinna rUpa se vicAra 372 / samudragupta-kRta kRSNa-carita kA saMketa 373, sAdhaka pramANAntara 374] mahAbhASya ke vartamAna pATha kA pariSkAraka 376 / mahAbhASya kI racanA-zailI 377 / mahAbhASya kI mahattA 368 / mahAbhASya kA aneka bAra lapta honA 378 / mahAbhASya ke pATha kI avyavasthA 381 / pataJjali ke anya grantha 382 / 11-mahAbhASya ke TIkAkAra bhartRhari se prAcIna TIkAeM 385 / 1. bhartRhari-paricaya 385, kyA bhartRhari bauddha thA? 386, kAla 387, aneka bhartRhari 365, bhartRhariviracita grantha 365, itsiga kI bhUla kA kAraNa 400, bhartRhari-traya ke uddharaNoM kA vibhAga 401, mahAbhASya-dIpikA kA paricaya 402, vartamAna hastalekha 405, hastalekha kA parimANa 405, DA0 varmA kA mata 406, DA0 varmA ke mata kI samIkSA 407, mahAbhASyadIpikA kA sampAdana 406, punaH sampAdana kI AvazyakatA 410, bhartRhari ke anya grantha 410, mahAbhASyadIpikA ke 47 vizeSa uddharaNa 410 / 2. ajJAta-kartRka 418 / 3. kaiyaTa-paricaya 418, kAla 420, mahAbhASyapradIpa ke TIkAkAra 425 / 4. jyeSThakalaza-425, paricaya 426, kAla 426 / 5. maitreya rakSitadeza kAla 426-428 / 6. puruSottamadeva-428, paricaya 428, kAla 426, anya vyAkaraNa grantha 430; vyAkhyAtA 1. zaMkara 432, 2. vyAkhyAprapaJcakAra 432 / 7. dhanezvara 434 / 8. zeSa nArAyaNa 434, paricaya 435, vaMzavRkSa 436, kAla 440 / 6. viSNu mitra 440 / 10. nIlakaNTha vAjapeyI-paricaya 441, kAla 442, anya vyAkaraNa grantha 442 / 11. zeSa viSNu 402 / 12. tirumala yajvA-paricaya 443 / 13. gopAla kRSNa zAstrI-444 / 14. zivarAmendra sarasvatI 444 / 15. prayAgaveGkaTAdri 446 / 16. kumAratAtaya 446 / 17.

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28 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa satyapriya tIrtha svAmI-446 / 1.8. rAjasiMha 450 / 16. nArAyaNa 450 / 20. sarvezvara dIkSita 450 / 21. sadAziva451 / 22. rAghavendrAcArya gajendragar3hakara-451 / 23. chalArI narasiMhAcArya-451 / 34. ajJAtakartRka 452 / 12-mahAbhASya-pradIpa ke vyAkhyAkAra 1. cintAmaNi 453 / 2. mallaya yajvA 454 / 3. rAmacandra sarasvatI 455 / 5. IzvarAnanda sarasvatI 456 / 5. annaMbhaTTa 460 / 6. nArAyaNa 461 / 7. rAmasevaka 463 / 1. nArAyaNa zAstrIparicaya 463, vaMza-vRkSa 464 / 6. pravartakopAdhyAya 465 / 10. nAgeza bhadra-paricaya 467, kAla 468, udyota-vyAkhyAkAra--vaidyanAtha pAyaguNDa 466 / 11. prAdena 470 / 12. sarvezvara somayAjI 470 / 13. harirAma 470 / 14. ajJAtakartRka 470 / 13-anupadakAra aura padazeSakAra 471 anupadakAra 471, padazeSakAra 473 / 14-aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra vRtti kA svarUpa 475; prAcIna vRttiyoM kA svarUpa 476 / 1. pANini 476 / 2. zvobhUti 481 / 3. vyADi 482 / 4. kUNi 482 / 5. mAthura 484 / 6. vararuci-paricaya 485, kAla 486, vArarucavRtti kA hastalekha 488; anya grantha :458 / 7. devanandI-486, paricaya 460, kAla 460, kAla-viSayaka nayA pramANa 492, DA0 kAzInAtha bApUjI pAThaka kI bhUleM 464, vyAkaraNa ne anya grantha 497; duvinIta 467 / 8. culli bhaTTi 468 / 6. nila ra 466 / 10. caNi 500 / 11.-12. jayAditya aura vaoNmana 501, donoM ke granthoM kA vibhAga 502, kAla 503, kannar3a paJcatantra bhaura jayAditya-vAmana 505, kAzikA aura zizupAlavadha 506, donoM kI sampUrNa vRttiyAM 507, donoM kI vRttiyoM kA sammizraNa 508, racanA-sthAna 506, kAzikA ke nAmAntara 506, kAzikA kA mahattva 510, kAzikA kA pATha 511, kAzikA para zodha-prabandha 512. kAzikA ke vyAkhyAkAra513 / 13. bhAgavRttikAra-513, bhAgavRtti kA racayitA 513, kAla 514, bhAgavRtti ke uddharaNa 515, uddharaNoM kA saMkalana' 1. bhAgavRtti ke 200 uddharaNoM kA paribRhita saMkalana hama 'bhAgavRttisaMkalanam' ke nAma se pRthak chApa cuke haiN| 473

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viSaya-sUcI 516, bhAgavRtti kA vyAkhyAtA-zrIdhara 517 / 14. bhartIzvara 518 (umbeka aura bhavabhUti kA aikya 518) / 15. bhaTTa jayanta-518, paricaya 516, kAla 521, anya grantha 521 / 16. zrRtapAla 522 / 17. kezava 522 / 18. indumitra 523 / 16. maitreya rakSita 525 / 20. purussottmdev525| bhASAvRtti-vyAkhyAtA sRSTidhara 526 / 21. zaraNadeva 527 / 22. appana nainArya 526 / 23. annaMbhaTTa 530 / 24. bhaTToji dIkSitaparicaya 530, kAla 531, anya vyAkaraNa grantha 533, zabdakaustubha ke 6 TIkAkAra 534, kaustubha-khaNDanakartA-jagannAtha 535 / 25. appayya dIkSita-paricaya 536, kAla 537 / 26. nIlakaNTha vAjapejI 540 / 27. vizvezvara sUri 540 / 28. gopAlakRSNa zAstrI 542 / 26. rAmacandra bhaTTa tAre 542 / 30. gokulacandra 543 / 31. aorambhaTTa 543 / 32. dayAnanda sarasvatI 544 (paricaya, kAla, aSTAdhyAyIbhASya, anya grantha) / 33. nArAyaNa sudhI 547 / 34. rudradhara 547 / 35. udayana 548 / 36. udayaGkara bhaTTa 548 / 37. rAmacandra 501 / 38. sadAnanda nAtha 546 / 36. pANinIya laghuvRtti 546, laghuvRtti-vivRtti 505 / 34-47 ajJAta-kartRka 8 vRttiyAM 550 / aSTAdhyAyI kI abhinava vattiyAM-1. devadatta zAstrI 552; 2. gopAladatta aura gaNezadatta 552; 3. bhImasena zarmA 553; 4. jvAlAdatta zarmA 554; 5. jIvarAma zarmA 555; 6. gaGgAdatta zarmA 556; 7. jAnakIlAla mAthura 556; 8. brahmadatta jijJAsu 557 / 15-kAzikA ke vyAkhyAtA 1. jinendra-buddhi-kAla 561, mAgha aura nyAsa 563, bhAmaha aura nyAsa 563, nyAsa para viziSTa kArya 564 / nyAsa ke vyAkhyAtA-1 maitreya rakSita 566, (tantrapradIpa ke vyAkhyAtA- nandanamizra, sanAtana tarkAcArya, tantrapradIpAlokakAra 568-568) 2 ratnamati 567, 3 mallinAtha 568, 4 narapati mahAmizra 566, 5 puNDarIkAkSa vidyAsAgara 566 / 2. indumitra 570, anunyAsa-sArakAra-zrImAna zarmA 571 / 3. mahAnyAsakAra 572 / 4. vidyAsAgara muni 573 / 5. haradatta-paricaya 574, deza 574, kAla 576, anya grantha 576, padamaJjarI ke vyAkhyAtA-1 raMganAtha yajvA 578, 2 zivabhaTTa 576 / 6. rAmadeva mizra 580 / 7. vRttiratnAkara 581 / 8. cikitsAkAra 581 /

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 16-pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke prakriyA-granthakAra 582 donoM praNAliyoM se adhyayana meM gorava-lAghava 582 / pANinIya, krama kA mahAn uddhAraka 585 / 1. dharmakIti-585, kAla 586,TIkAkAra-1 zaMkararAma 587, 2 dhAtupratyayapaJjikA TIkAkAra 587, 3 ajJAtakartRka 588, 4 ajJAtanAmA 588 / 2. prakriyAratnakAra 588 / 3. vimalamati 586 / 4. rAmacandra-586, paricaya 586, kAla 560; prakriyAkaumudI ke vyAkhyAtA-1 zeSa kRSNa 561; 2 viThThala 562, 3 cakrapANidatta 565, 4 appana nainArya 566, 5 vAraNavaneza 595, 6 vizvakarmA zAstrI 566, 7 nRsiMha 565, 8 nirmaladarpaNakAra 596, 6 jayanta 596, 10 vidyAnAtha dIkSita 567, 11 varadarAja 567, 12 kAzInAtha 587 / 5. bhaTToji dIkSita 567, siddhAntakaumudI ke vyAkhyAtA-1-bhaTTAji dIkSita 568, 2 jJAnendra sarasvatI 568, 3 nIlakaNTha vAjapeyI 566, 4 rAmAnanda 566, 5. rAmakRSNa 600, 6. nAgeza bhaTTa 601, 7. raGganAtha yajvA 601, 8 vAsudeva vAjapeyI 601, 6 kRSNamitra 602, 10 tirumala dvAdazAhayAjI 602, 11 toppala dIkSita 602, 12-15 ajJAta-kartRka 602, 16 lakSmI nRsiMha 603, 17 zivarAmendra sarasvatI 603, 18 indradatopAdhyAya 603, 16 sArasvata vyUDhamizra 603, 20 vallabha 603; proDhamanoramA ke khaNDanakartA-1 zeSa dhIrezvara-putra 603, 2 cakrapANidatta 604, 3 paNDitarAja jagannAtha 604 / 6. nArAyaNa bhaTTa 605, prakriyAsarvasva ke TIkAkAra 607 / anya prakriyA-granya 607 / 17-AcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 608 16 pramukha vaiyAkaraNa 608 / prAgdevanandI jaina vyAkaraNa 606 / kavIndrAcArya ke sUcIpatra meM nirdiSTa vyAkaraNa 611 / 1. kAtantrakAra-611, kAtantra kalApaka kaumAra sArasvata zabdoM ke artha 612, mAravAr3I sIvIpATI aura kAtantra 613, matsya purANa kI dAkSiNAtya prati meM kAtantra kA viziSTa ullekha 614 kAzakRtsna tantra kA saMkSepa kAtantra 615, kAla 615 kAtantra vyAkaraNa ke do pATha-vRddha-laghu 621, laghu kAtantra kA pravaktA 621, kRdanta bhAga kA kartA-kAtyAyana 623, kAtantrapariziSTa kA kartA--zrIpatidatta 624, kAtantrottara kA kartA-vijayAnanda 625, kAtantra-prakIrNavidyAnanda 625, kAtantra chandaHprakriyA-zrIcandrakAnta 625, kAtantra kA saMskAra 625, kAtantra-saMbaddha varNasamAmnAya 626,pratyAhAra sUtra 627,kAtantra kA pracAra

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viSaya-sUcI 628' kAtantra ke vRttikAra-1 zarvavarmA 629; 2 vararuci 629, 3. zazideva 630, 4 durgasiMha-630, kAla 631; aneka durgasiMha 632 [durgavRtti ke TIkAkAra- durgasiMha 634, ugrabhUti 635, trilocanadAsa 636; (paJjikA-TIkAkAra-trivikrama 637, zrI dezakAla 637, vizvezvara tarkAcArya 637, jinaprabha sUri 637, kuzala 637, rAmacandra 637) vardhamAna 638, (vyAkhyAkAra-pRthivIdhara 638), vAmadeva 636, zrIkRSNa 636, raghunAthadAsa 636, govindadAsa 636, pradyumnasUri 636, golhaNa 636, somakIrti 640, kAzIrAja 640, laghuvRttikAra 640, harirAma 640, catuSTayapradIpakAra 640; ] 5. cicchuma vRttikAra 640, 6. umApati 641; 7. jimaprabha sUri 641; (kAtantra-vibhrama avaNikAra-caritrasiMha 642, kAtantra vibhrabhAvacUrNikAra gopAlAcArya 642) 8 jagaddhara 643, (TIkAkAra-rAjAnaka zitikaNTha 644,) 6 puNDarIkAkSa vidyAsAgara 644, 10 chacchukabhaTTa 644, 11 karmadhara 645, 12. dhanaprabha sUri 645, 13. muni zrIharSa 645, anya vyAkhyAkAra-jinaprabodha sUri 645, prabodha mUrtigaNi 645, kulacandra 646, prakriyA grantha 646 / 2. candragomI-paricaya 646, kAla 648, cAndra vyAkaraNa kI vizeSatA 648, cAndra tantra aura svara-vaidikaprakaraNa 646, upalabdha cAndra tantra asampUrNa 650, antima adhyAyoM ke naSTa hone kA kAraNa 653, anya grantha 653, cAndra-vRtti kA racayitA 654, kazyapa bhikSu 655 / 3. kSapaNaka-656, paricaya kAla 656, svopajJa-vRtti 657, kSapaNaka-mahAnyAsa 657 / 4. devanandI-657, jainendra nAma kA kAraNa 658, jainendra vyAkaraNa ke do saMskaraNa 658, jainendra kA mUla sUtrapATha 658, jainendra vyAkaraNa kI vizeSatA 660, jainendra vyAkaraNa kA AdhAra 662, vyAkhyAtA-1 devanandI 662, 2 abhayanandI 662, 3 prabhAcandrAcArya 665, 4 bhASyakAra 666, 5 mahAcandra 666 / prakriyAgranthakAra-Arya zrutakIrti 667, vaMzIdhara 667; jainendra kA dAkSiNAtya saMskaraNa-zabdArNava kA saMskartA-guNanandI 667, kAla 668, vyAkhyAtAsomadeva sUri 669, zabdArNavaprakriyAkAra 670 / 5. vAmana-kAla 670, mallavAdI kA kAla 671, vizrAntavidyAdhara ke vyAkhyAtA-vAmana 674, mallavAdI 675 / 6. pAlyakIti-zAkaTAyana-tantra kA kartA 675, pariparicaya 676, kAla 677, zAkaTAyana tantra kI vizeSatA 678, anya grantha 676; vyAkhyAtA-pAlyakIrti 676, [TIkAkAra-prabhAcandra 680]; amoghavistara 681, yakSavarmA 681; prakriyAgranthakAra-abhayacandrAcArya 682,

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32 saMskRta vyAkaraNa zAstra kA itihAsa bhAvasena traividyadeva 682, dayAlapAla muni 602 / 7. zivasvAmI - 682 kAla 683, paM0 hAladAra kI bhUla 683, zivasvAmI kA vyAkaraNa 684 / 8. mahArAja bhojadeva - paricaya - kAla 684, saMskRta bhASA kA punaruddhAraka 685 ; sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa 687, sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa kA zrAdhAra 688, vyAkhyAtA - 1 bhojarAja 688, 2 daNDanAtha nArAyaNa bhaTTa 689, 3 kRSNa ] lIlAzuka muni 660, 4 rAmasiMhadeva 691 ; prakriyA-pranyakAra 692 / 10. buddhisAgara sUri - paricaya kAla 692, parimANa 663 / 11. bhadrezvara sUri - 663, kAla 664 / 11. vardhamAna -- 694, kAla 6e5 / 12. hemacandra sUri - paricaya 665, haima zabdAnuzAsana 667, vyAkaraNa ke anya grantha 668 | vyAkhyAtA - hemacandra 668, anya anya vyAkhyAkAra 666 / 13. malayagiri - 700, paricaya 701, kAla 701, zabdAnuzAsana 702, grantha kA nAmAntara 703, svopajJavRtti 703, anya grantha 703 / 14. kramadIzvara 704 pariSkarttA - jumaranandI 705, pariziSTakAra goyIcandra 705, goyIcandra- TIkA ke 6 vyAkhyAkAra 705 / 15. sArasvata vyAkaraNakAra - 706, sArasvata sUtroM kA racayitA 707 / TIkAkAra - 18 vaiyAkaraNa 708-713 / sArasvata ke rUpAntarakAra1 tarkatilaka bhaTTAcArya 713, 2 rAmAzrama 714, siddhAntacandrikAkAra 714, ( siddhAntacandrikA ke 3 TIkAkAra 714) 3 jinendra 715; nibandha-grantha 715; 16. vopadeba - 715, paricaya 716, zeSa zrRGga aura usake pUraka 717, pariziSTakAra 718, TIkAkAra - 21 vaiyAkaraNa 718- 720, rUpAntarakAra 720, 17. padmanAbhadatta - 720, kAla 721, anya grantha 721; TIkAkAra-721 / 18. vinayasAgara upAdhyAya - 721 / bhaTTa akalaGka-722 / anya vyAkaraNakAra 723 / [ parivartana-parivardhana -- saMzodhana - tRtIyabhAga meM dekheM]

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa pahalA adhyAya saMskRta-bhASA kI pravRtti, vikAsa aura hAsa samasta prAcIna bhAratIya vaidika RSi-muni tathA AcArya isa viSaya meM sahamata haiM ki veda apauruSeya tathA nitya haiM / parama kRpAlu bhagavAn prati kalpa ke prArambha meM RSiyoM ko, jisa kA Adi aura nidhana (=anta) nahIM hai, aisI nityA vAgve da kA jJAna detA hai, aura usI vaidika-jJAna se loka kA samasta vyavahAra pracalita hotA hai / bhAratIya itihAsa ke advitIya jJAtA parama brahmiSTha kRSNa dvaipAyana vyAsa ne likhA hai-- anAdinidhanA nityA vAgutsRSTA svayambhuvA / prAdau vedamayI divyA yataH sarvAH pravRttayaH // ' pAzcAtya tathA tadanugAmI katipaya etaddezIya vidvAn isa bhAratIya aitihyasiddha siddhAnta ko svIkAra nahIM karate / unakA mata hai 'manuSya 1. draSTavya-"anAdIti zlokasya uttarArdham 'prAdau vedamayI divyAya taH sarvA pravRttayaH' iti jJeyam, kvacidadarzane'pi zArIrakasUtrabhASyAdau (dra0 brahmasUtra zAMkarabhASya, 1 / 3 / 28) pustakAntareSu ca darzanAt" iti nIlakaNThaH / mahAbhArata TIkA, zAntiparva 232 / 24 (citrazAlA presa pUnA saMskaraNa, zakAbda 1854) rAya zrI pratApacandra (kalakattA) ke zakAbda 1811 ke saMskaraNa meM zAnti0 231156 para milatA hai / vedAnta zAGkarabhASya 1 / 3 / 28 meM uddhRta hai| 20

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2 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa prArambha meM sAdhAraNa pazu ke samAna thA / zanaiH zanaiH usake jJAna kA vikAsa huA, aura sahasroM varSoM ke pazcAt vaha isa samunnata avasthA taka pahuMcA' / vikAsavAda kA yaha mantavya sarvathA kalpanA kI bhitti para khar3A hai| aneka parIkSaNoM se siddha ho cukA hai ki manuSya ke svAbhAvika jJAna meM naimittika jJAna ke sahayoga ke vinA koI unnati nahIM hotI / isakA pratyakSa pramANa saMsAra kI avanati ko prApta ve jaGgalI jAtiyAM haiM, jinakA bAhya samunnata jAtiyoM se dera se saMsarga nahIM huA / ve Aja bhI ThIka vaisA hI pazu-sadRza jIvana bitA rahI haiM, jaisA saikar3oM varSa pUrva thA / bahuvidha parIkSaNoM se vikAsavAda kA 10 mantavya aba prAmANika siddha ho cukA hai / aneka pAzcAtya vidvAn bhI zanaiH zanaiH isa mantavya ko chor3a rahe haiM, aura prArambha meM kisI naimittika jJAna kI AvazyakatA kA anubhava karane lage haiM / ataH yahAM vikAsavAda kI vizeSa vivecanA karane kI na to AvazyakatA hai, aura na hI hamAre viSaya se sambaddha hai / ' laukika saMskRta bhASA kI pravRtti 15 Arambha meM bhASA kI pravRtti aura usakA vikAsa loka meM kisa prakAra huA, isakA vikAsavAdiyoM ke pAsa koI santoSajanaka samAdhAna nahIM hai / bhAratIya vAGmaya ke anusAra laukika - bhASA kA vikAsa veda se huA / svAyambhuva manu ne bhArata-yuddha se sahasroM varSa 20 pUrva' likhA 1. vikAsavAda aura usa kI AlocanA ke liye paM0 raghunandana zarmA kRta 'vaidika - sampatti' pRSTha 146 - 233 (saMskaraNa 2, saM0 1996) dekhiye / 2. dra0--paM0 bhagavaddatta kRta 'bhASA kA itihAsa' pRSTha 2-4 (saMska0 2 ) / pAzcAtya bhASAvidoM ko vikAsavAda ke matAnusAra jaba bhASA kI utpatti kA parijJAna na huA, taba unhoMne kahanA Arambha kara diyA ki - ' bhASA kI utpatti kI samasyA kA bhASA - vijJAna ke sAtha koI sambandha nahIM hai / ( dra0je0 vaiNDriesa kRta 'leMgveja' grantha, pRSTha 5, san 1952) / 25 01 3. prakSiptAMza chor3akara varttamAna manusmRti nizcaya hI bhArata yuddhakAla se bahuta pUrva kI hai / jo loga ise vikrama kI dvitIya zatAbdI kI racanA mAnate haiM, unhoMne isa para sarvAGgarUpa se vicAra nahIM kiyA / 30

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saMskRta bhASA kI pravRtti, vikAsa aura hrAsa sarveSAM tu sa nAmAni karmANi ca pRthak pRthak / vedazandebhya evAdau pRthak saMsthAzca nirmame // ' arthAt-brahmA ne sRSTi ke prArambha meM saba padArthoM kI saMjJAeM, zabdoM ke pRthak-pRthak karma=artha' aura zabdoM kI saMsthA =racanAvizeSa saba vibhakti vacanoM ke rUpa, ye saba veda ke zabdoM se nirdhArita 5 kiye| veda meM zatazaH zabdoM kI niruktiyoM aura padAntaroM ke sAnnidhya se bahuvidha arthoM kA nirdeza upalabdha hotA hai| unhIM ke AdhAra para loka meM padArthoM kI saMjJAeM rakkhI giiN| yadyapi veda meM samasta nAma aura dhAtuoM ke prayoga upalabdha nahIM hote, aura na unake saba 10 1. manu 1121 // tulanA karo-mahAbhArata zAnti0 232 / 25,26 // manu ke zloka kA mUla-Rgveda 6 // 652 tathA 1071 / 1 hai / 2. nirukta meM karma-zabda artha kA vAcaka hai / yathA-'etAvantaH samAnakarmANo dhAtavaH' (1 / 20) ityAdi / __3. manusmRti ke TIkAkAra karma aura saMsthA zabda kI vyAkhyA vibhinna 15 prakAra se karate haiN| kullUkabhaTTa-'karmANi brAhmaNasyAdhyayanAdIni, kSatriyasya prajArakSAdIni,"pRthak saMsthAzceti.. kulAlasya ghaTanirmANaM kuvindasya pttnirmaannmityaadivibhaagen'| medhAtithi- 'karmANi ca nirmame, dharmAdharmAkhyAni adRSTArthAni agnihotrAdIni ca,.."saMsthA vyavasthAzcakAra, idaM karma brAhmaNenaiva kartavyam, kAle amuSya phalAya ca // ' TIkAkAroM kI vyAkhyA paraspara viruddha 20 hai / zloka ke upakrama aura upasaMhAra kI dRSTi se hamArA artha yukta hai| 4. yahUdI purAnI bAibala meM Adama ko prANiyoM, pakSiyoM aura anya vastuoM kA nAma rakhane vAlA kahA hai / usa ke bahuta kAla pazcAt noha kA jalaplAvana varNita hai / yahUdI logoM ne brahmA ko Adama (=pAdima) kahA hai, aura una kA noha vaivasvata manu hai / (dra0-svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI kA 25 13-7-1875 kA pUnA kA pAMcavAM vyAkhyAna, dayAnanda-pravacana-saMgraha pRSTha 66, paM0 1, rAmalAla kapUra TrasTa saMskaraNa 2) / 5. dekho isa grantha ke dvitIyAdhyAya kA prArambha / 6. pANinIya aSTAdhyAyoM kI racanA vyAvahArika saMskRta-bhASA kI pravRtti ke bahuta anantara huI haiM / pANinIya vyAkaraNa mukhyatayA laukika-bhASA kA vyA- ..

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa vibhaktivacanoM meM rUpa milate haiM, tathApi kvacit prayukta nAma aura zrAkhyAta padoM se mUlabhUta zabdoM' kI kalpanA karake samasta vyavahAropayogI nAma prakhyAta padoM kI sRSTi kI gaI / zabdAntaroM meM kvacit prayukta vibhakti - vacanoM ke anusAra pratyeka nAma aura dhAtu 5. ke tattad vibhakti-vacanoM ke rUpa nirdhArita kiye gaye / isa prakAra RSiyoM ne prArambha meM hI veda ke AdhAra para sarvavyavahAropayogI ati vistRta bhASA kA upadeza kiyA / vahI bhASA saMsAra kI Adi vyAvahArika bhASA huI / veda svayaM kahatA hai - devIM vAcamajanayanta devAstAM vizvarUpAH pazavo vadanti / ' 10 arthAt - deva jisa divya vANI ko prakaTa karate haiM, sAdhAraNa jana usI ko bolate haiM / laukika vaidika zabdoM kA abheda isa siddhAnta ke anusAra prativistRta prArambhika laukika- bhASA meM veda ke ve samasta zabda vidyamAna the, jo isa samaya kevala vaidika mAne 15 jAte haiM / arthAt prArambha meM ' ye zabda laukika haiM, aura ye vaidika' haiM, isa prakAra kA vibhAga nahIM thA / karaNa hai / usameM sarvatra vaidika padoM kA anvAkhyAna laukika padoM ke anvAkhyAna ke pazcAta kiyA gayA hai / isIliye bhaTTa kumArila ne likhA hai- 'pANinIyAdiSu hi vedasvarUpavarjitAni padAnyeva saMskRtya saMskRtyotsRjyanta e / tantra20 vArtika 1 / 3 / adhi0 8, pRSTha 265, pUnA saMskaraNa / 1. Arambha meM samasta zabda ekavidha hI the / unhI kA nAma - vibhaktiyoM se yoga hone para vaha 'nAma kahAte the / aura prakhyAta - vibhaktiyoM se yoga hone para 'dhAtu' mAne jAte the (tulanA karo - vartamAna kaNDvAdigaNastha zabdoM ke saath)| kisI bhI vibhakti kA yoga na hone para ve 'avyaya' bana jAte the / 25 isa viSaya para vizeSa vicAra isI grantha ke 16 veM adhyAya meM kiyA hai / 2. R0 8 / 100 / 11 // 3. veda meM pazu zabda manuSya - prajA kA bhI vAcaka hai / amaveda meM vadhU prati AzIrvAda mantra hai-- 'vitiSThantAM mAturasyA upasthAnnAnArUpAH pazavo jAyamAnAH / atharva 14 / 2 / 25 //

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saMskRta bhASA kI pravRtti, vikAsa aura hrAsa 5 (ka) isIliye talavakAra saMhitA, brAhmaNa, AraNyaka aura pUrvamImAMsA ke pravaktA maharSi jaimini (3000 vi0 pU0) ne likhA hai prayogacodanAbhAvAdakatvamavibhAgAt / mo0 1 // 3 // 30 // _ arthAt-prayoga=yAgAdi karma kI codanA=vidhAyaka vAkya ke zruti meM upalabdha hone se (laukika vaidika) padoM kA artha eka hI 5 hai / avibhAgAt laukika vaidika padoM ke vibhAga na hone se (eka hone se)| isa sUtra kI vyAkhyA meM zabarasvAmI likhatA haiya eva laukikAsta eva vaidikAsta eva ca teSAmarthAH / ' arthAt-jo laukika zabda haiM, ve hI vaidika haiM, aura ve hI unake 10 artha haiN| ativistRta prArambhika loka-bhASA kAlAntara meM zabda aura artha donoM dRSTiyoM se zanaiH zanaiH saMkucita hone lagI, aura vartamAna meM vaha atyanta saMkucita ho gaI / isaliye mImAMsA kA uparyukta siddhAnta yadyapi isa samaya ayukta-sA pratIta hotA hai, tathApi pUrvAcAryoM kA yaha 15 siddhAnta sarvathA satya thA, yaha hama anupada pramANita kreNge| (kha) zabdArtha-sambandha ke parama jJAtA yAska muni (3000 vi0 pU0) bhI isI siddhAnta kA pratipAdana karate haiN| nirukta 112 meM likhA hai__'vyAptimattvAttu zabdasyANIyastvAcca zabdena saMjJAkaraNaM vyava- 20 hArArtha loke / tatra manuSyavaddevatAbhidhAnam / puruSavidyA'nityatvAt karmasampattirmantro vede'| arthAta-zabda ke vyApaka aura laghabhUta hone se loka meM vyavahAra ke liye zabdoM se saMjJAeM rakkhI giiN| devatA=vedamantroM meM abhi 1. zlokAtmaka pANinIya zikSA kI 'zikSA-prakAza' TIkA meM isa vacana 1 ko mahAbhASya ke nAma se uddhRta kiyA hai / pRSTha 24, manamohana dhoSa sampAdita kalakattA vi0 vi0 kA saMskaraNa, san 1938 / 'paJjikA-TIkA' meM bhASyakAra ke nAma sa uddhRta kiyA hai| pRSTha 8, vahI saMskaraNa / skandasvAmI ne nirukta TIkA (bhAga 1 pRSTha 18) maiM ise nyAya kahA hai / 2. 'sa mantro vede devatAzabdena gRhyate' / RgvedAdibhASyabhUmikA, vedaviSaya- 10

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saMskRta vyAkaraNazAstra kA itihAsa dhAna artha manuSyoM meM prayukta arthoM ke sadRza haiN| puruSa kI vidyA anitya hone se karma kI saMpUrti karAne vAle mantra veda meM haiN| isa lekha meM yAska ne loka aura veda meM zabdArtha kI samAnatA tathA veda kA apauruSeyatva svIkAra kiyA hai| loka veda meM zabdArtha kI samAnatA svIkAra kara lene para ubhayavidha padoM kA aikya sutarAM siddha yAska punaH (1 / 16) likhatA haiarthavantaH zabdasAmAnyAt / arthAt-vaidika zabda arthavAn haiM, laukika zabdoM ke samAna hone 10 se| (ga) vAjasaneya prAtizAkhya (13) meM kAtyAyana muni ne bhI isI mata kA pratipAdana kiyA hai / yathA na, samatvAt / arthAta-vaidika zabdoM kA svarasaMskAraniyama abhyudaya kA hetu hai, 15 yaha ThIka nahIM / laukika aura vaidika zabdoM ke samAna hone se / ___isa sUtra kI vyAkhyA meM uvaTa aura anantadeva donoM likhate haiM ya eva vaidikAsta eva laukikAsta eva teSAmarthAH (ta eva caamiissaamrthaaH-annt)| mImAMsA ke lokavedAdhikaraNa (1 / 3 / 6) meM isa para vistRta 20 vicAra kiyA hai| uparyukta pramANoM se spaSTa hai ki zabda-artha-sambandha ke parama jJAtA jaimini, yAska aura kAtyAyana tInoM mahAn AcArya eka hI bAta kahate haiN| gata 2, 3 sahasra varSa ke aneka vidvAn laukika aura vaidika zabdoM 25 meM bheda mAnate haiM / ve apane pakSa kI siddhi meM nimnalikhita tIna pramANa upasthita karate haiM vicAra, rAmalAla kapUra TrasTa bRhatsaMskaraNa pRSTha 68 / mImAMsaka devatA ko mantramayI mAnate hai / dekho 'api vA zabdapUrvatvAt' mI0 6 / 116 kI vyAkhyA /

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saMskRta bhASA kI pravRtti, vikAsa aura hrAsa (ka) mahAbhASya ke prArambha meM likhA haikeSAM zabdAnAM laukikAnAM vaidikAnAM ca / (kha) mahAbhArata ke prArambha meM bhI likhA haizabdaiH smydivymaanussaiH| (ga) nirukta 13 / 6 meM likhA hai athApi brAhmaNaM bhavati-sA vai vAk sRSTA caturdhA vyabhavat / eSveva lokeSu trINi [turIyANi], pazuSu turIyam / yA pRthivyAM sA'gnau sA rthntre| yAntarikSa sA vAyau sA vAmadevye / yA divi sAditye sA bRhati sA stnyitnau| atha pazuSu / tato yA vAgatyaricyata tAM brAhmaNeSvadadhuH / tasmAd brAhmaNA ubhayoM vAcaM vadanti, yA ca devAnAM 10 yA ca manuSyANAm iti| isa uddharaNa meM spaSTa likhA hai ki brAhmaNa devoM aura manuSyoM kI ubhayavidha vANI kA prayoga karate haiN| nirukta meM uddhRta pATha se milatA julatA pATha maitrAyaNI saMhitA 1 / 11 / 5 aura kAThaka saMhitA 14 // 5 // meM upalabdha hotA hai, jo isa 15 prakAra hai maitrAyaNI saMhitA | kAThaka saMhitA sA vai vAka sRSTA catardhA vyabhavata | sA vAgdaSTA caturdhA vyabhavat, eSa eSu lokeSu trINi turIyANi, pazuSu lokeSu trINi turIyANi, pazuSu turIyam, yA pRthivyAM sA'gnau sA | turIyam, yA divi sA bRhati sA 20 rathantare, yAntarikSe sA vAte sA | stanayitnau, yAntarikSe sA vAte vAmadevye, yA divi sA brahati sA | sA vAmadevye, yA pRthivyAM sAgnau stanayitnau, atha pazuSu, tato yA sA rathantare, yA pazuSu, tasyA vAgatyaricyata tAM brAhmaNe nyadadhuH, | yadatyaricyata tAM brAhmaNe nyadadhuH, tasmAd brAhmaNa ubhayIM vAcaM tasmAt brAhmaNa ubhe vAcau vdti| 25 vadati yazca veda yazca na / yA devI ca mAnuSI ca karoti...." bRhadrathantarayoryajJAdenaM tayA gaccha- | yA bRhadrathantarayostayainaM yajJa prAgati / yA pazuSu tayA Rte yajJaM. cchati yA pazuSu jayarte yajJamAha / 1. Adiparva 1128 // 'divyamAnuSaiH vaidika laukikaiH / nIlakaNThaH / 2. tulanA karo--'vAcaM codAhariSyAmi mAnuSImiha sNskRtaam'| rAmAyaNa sundara kANDa 30 / 17 //

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US saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ina uddharaNoM ke antima pATha se vyakta hai ki yahAM 'devI' zabda se bRhad-rathantara Adi meM gIyamAna vaidika RcAeM abhipreta haiM / anta meM spaSTa likhA hai ki brAhmaNa daivI vAk se yajJa meM aura pazuoM manuSyoM' kI vANI se yajJa se anyatra vyavahAra karatA hai / ataH mahAbhASya aura niruktAdi ke uparyukta uddharaNoM meM devI yA vaidika zabda se prAnupUrvI viziSTa mantroM kA grahaNa hai / atharva saMhitA 6 / 61 / 2 meM devI aura mAnuSI vAk kA bheda isa prakAra spaSTa kiyA hai ahaM satyamanRtaM yad vadAmi, ahaM devIM pari vAcaM vizazca / 10 arthAt -maiM satya aura anta jo bolatA hUM, maiM devI aura pari= sarvataH vyApta vANI ko vizoM (=manuSyoM) kI / ___isa mantra meM daivI vAk ko satya kahA hai, kyoM ki isa ke zabda aura zabdArtha-saMmbandha veda ke upadeSTA nitya paramezvara jJAna meM sthita hone se ekarUpa rahate haiM tathA yaha niyatAnupUrvI hone se sadA sarvatra samAnarUpa se rahatI hai| aura mAnuSI vAk ko anRta kahA hai, kyoM ki mAnuSa sAMketita yadRcchA zabda anitya hote haiM aura vaha vaktA ke abhiprAyAnusAra prayukta hotI hai| usa meM varNAnupUrvI vizeSa kA niyama nahIM hotaa| ____ isa vivecana se spaSTa hai ki laukika aura vaidika vAk meM mAnuSa 20 yadacchA zabdoM ko chor3akara anya padoM kA bheda nahIM hai, vizeSa bheda varNAnupUrvI ke niyatatva aura aniyatattva kA hI hai| saMskRta-bhASA kI vyApakatA saMskRta-vAGamaya meM yaha sarvasammata siddhAnta hai ki pratyeka vidyA 1. dekho pRSTha 4, TippaNI 3 / 2. ye paramAtmajJAnasthAH zabdArthasambandhAH santi te nityA bhavitumarhanti / ... . 25 kutaH ? yasya jJAna kriye nitye svabhAvasiddhe anAdI staH, tasya sarvaM sAmarthyamapi nityameva bhavitumarhati / ' RgvedAdibhASyabhUmikA, vedanityatvavicAra / . 3. 'saMskRtya saMskRtya padAnyutsRjyante / teSAM yatheSTamabhisambandho bhavati tadyathA--Ahara pAtraM vA pAtramAhara iti' / mahAbhASya 11111 // -

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10 2 saMskRta bhASA kI pravRtti, bikAsa aura hrAsa kA prathama pravaktA Adi vidvAn brahmA thaa|' yadyapi uttarakAla meM brahmA pada caturvedavid vyakti ke liye bhI prayukta hotA rahA, tathApi Adima brahmA nissandeha eka vizeSa aitihya-siddha vyakti thA / saMskRta-vAGamaya ke avalokana se vidita hotA hai ki Ayurveda, dharmazAstra, arthazAstra, kAmazAstra aura mokSazAstra Adi pratyeka viSaya ke Adima grantha 5 atyanta vistRta the| ataH saMskRta-vAGamaya ke samasta vibhAgoM meM prayukta hone vAle paribhASika tathA sarvavyavahAropayogI sAdhAraNa zabdoM kA svarUpa usa samaya nirdhArita ho cukA thaa| uttarottara yathAkrama manuSyoM kI zArIrika tathA mAnasika zaktiyoM ke hAsa ke kAraNa prAcIna, ativistRta grantha zanaiH-zanaiH saMkSipta hone lge| vartamAna meM 1. Ayurveda-'prajApatirazvibhyAm, prajApataye brahmA' / caraka sUtrasthAna 1 / 4 / / vyAkaraNa-'brahmA bRhaspataye provAca' / Rktantra, prathama prapAThaka ke anta meM // jyotiSa--'tasmAjjagaddhitAyedaM brahmaNA racitaM purA' / nArada saMhitA 117 // upaniSad-'tadvaitad brahmA prajApataya uvAca' / chAndogya 8 // 15 // 'kAvaSeyaH prajApateH, prajApatirbrahmaNaH' / bRha0 6 / 5 / 4 // zilpa-kAzyapa saMhitA ke 15 Arambha meM, AnandAzrama saMskaraNa / daNDanIti rAjanIti-mahAbhArata zAntiparva 56174-80 // dhanurveda--'brAhmaNAstreNa saMyojya' / rAmAyaNa yuddhakANDa 22 / 5 // dharmazAstra--mahAbhArata zAntiparva 106 / 12 / ityAdi / jinheM isa viSaya kI vizeSa jijJAsA ho, ve paM0 bhagavaddatta viracita bhAratavarSa kA bRhad itihAsa bhAga 2, pRSTha 1-26 (pra0 saMskaraNa, saM0 2017) dekheN| 2. Ayurveda-zlokazatasahasramadhyAyasahasraM ca kRtavAn "tato'lpAyuSTvamalpamedhastvaJcAvalokya narANAM bhUyo'STadhA praNItavAn' / suzruta sUtrasthAna 1 // 3 // arthazAstra--evaM lokAnurodhena zAstrametanmaharSibhiH / saMkSiptamAyurvijJAya mAnAM hrAsameva ca' / ityAdi, mahAbhArata zAnti0 5981-86 // kauTilya arthazAstra 11 / nItizAstra-zatalakSazlokamitaM nItizAstramatho- 25 ktavAn / alpAyubhUbhRdAdyarthaM saMkSiptamativistRtam' / zukranIti 112,4 // vyAkaraNa-'yAnyujjahAra mAhendrAd vya so vyAkaraNArNavAt / padaratnAni ki tAni santi pANinigoSpade' / devabodha, mahAbhArataTIkArambha / kAmazAstravAtsyAyana kAmasUtra a0 1 ke prArambha meM // mImAMsAbhASya-prapaJcahRdaya, TriveNDrama saMskaraNa, pRSTha 36 // mAmAMsAzAstra kA saMkSipta itihAsa hamArI 30 'mImAMsA-zAbarabhASya' kI 'pArSamata-vimazinI' hindI vyAkhyA ke prathama bhAga meM dekheN|

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa upalabdha grantha tattadviSayoM ke atyanta saMkSipta saMskaraNa haiN|' ataH yaha ApAtataH mAnanA hogA ki vartamAna kAla kI apekSA prAcIna, prAcInatara aura prAcInatama kAla meM saMskRta-bhASA vistRta, vistRtara aura vistRtatama thii| prasiddha cInI yAtrI hya nasAMga likhatA hai-'prAcIna 5 kAla ke prArambha meM zabda-bhaNDAra bahuta thaa| zabdazAstra ke prAmANika prAcArya pataJjali 1500 vi0pU0) ne saMskRta-bhASA ke prayogaviSaya kA ullekha karate huye likhA hai___'sarve khalvapyete zabdA dezAntare prayujyante / na caivopalabhyante / upalabdhau yatnaH kriyatAm / mahAn hi zabdasya prayogaviSayaH / saNta10 dvIpA vasumatI, trayo lokAH, catvAro vedAH sAGgAH sarahasyA bahudhA bhinnAH ekazatamadhvaryu zAkhAH, sahasrava isAmavedaH, ekaviMzatidhA bAhavRcyaM navadhAtharvaNo vedaH, vAkovAkyam, itihAsaH, purANam ityetAbAJchabdasya prayogaviSayaH / pataJjali se prAcIna prAcArya 'yAska' ne likhA hai-- 15 1. bhAratIya vAGamaya ke upalabhyamAna katipaya saMkSipta granthoM ko dekha kara hI pAzcAtya vidvAnoM ko Azcarya hotA hai / yadi Aja saMskRta vAGmaya ke atiprAcIna vistRta grantha upalabdha hote, to nizcaya hI pAzcAtya vidvAnoM kI aneka bhramapUrNa mithyA-kalpanAtroM kA nirAkaraNa anAyAsa ho jAtA / pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke viSaya meM pAzcAtya vidvAnoM kI kyA dhAraNA hai, isa kA ullekha 20 hama pANini ke prakaraNa (adhyAya 5 ) meM kareMge / / 2. hyU nasAGga, bhAga prathama, vArTsa kA anuvAda, pRSTha 221 / 3. paM0 satyavrata sAmazramI ne aitareyAlocana pRSTha 127 me 'sahasravarmA' kA artha sahasra prakAra kA sAmagAna kiyA hai, aura 'sahasrazAkhA' artha ko azuddha kahA hai / yaha una kI bhUla hai / bhASyapATha meM Rg aura atharva ke sAtha prakArArthaka 'dhA' pratyaya kA prayoga hai| yajuH ke sAtha zAkhA zabda prayukta hai| upakrama meM spaSTa 'bahudhA bhinnAH' kahA hai / ataH 'sahasravA sAmavedaH' kA artha 'sahasra prakAra kA sAmaveda' karanA cAhiye / anyathA vAkya kA sAmaJjasya ThIka nahIM banegA / mahAbhArata (zAntiparva 342 / 67) meM sAmaveda kI sahasra zAkhAyeM spaSTa likhI haiM--'sahasrazAkhaM yatsAma / ' kUrma purANa meM bhI likhA hai-'sAmavedaM 30 sahasreNa zAkhAnAM prabibheda saH' / pU0 52 / 20 // 4. mahAbhASya a0 1 / pA0 1 / prA0 1 //

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saMskRta bhASA kI pravRtti, vikAsa aura hAsa : 'zavatigatikarmA kambojeSveva bhAvyate / .... vikAramasyAryeSu bhAvante zava iti / dAtirlavanArthe prAcyeSu / dAtramudIcyeSu / " 1 1.1. ina pramANoM se siddha hai ki kisI samaya saMskRta bhASA kA prayogakSetra atyanta vistRta thA / yadi saMsAra kI samasta bhASAtroM ke navIna aura prAcIna svarUpoM kI tulanA kI jAya, to spaSTa jJAta hogA ki 5 saMsAra kI saba bhASAoM kA Adi mUla saMskRta bhASA hai / ina bhASAoM ke naye svarUpa kI apekSA ina kA prAcIna svarUpa saMskRtabhASA ke adhika samIpa thA / aba hama prAcIna prAcAryoM dvArA pradarzita uparyukta siddhAnta ( saMskRta kA prayoga-kSetra saptadvIpA vasumatI thA) kI puSTi meM cAra 10 pramANa dete haiM 1. pANinIya vyAkaraNa meM 'kAnIna' zabda kI vyutpatti 'kanyA' zabda se kI hai aura kanyA ko ' kanIna' pradeza kahA hai / vastutaH 1. kamboja kI Adhunika boliyoM meM 'zavati' ke 'zuda-puta-zuI' Adi vibhinna apabhraMza zabda gati artha meM prayukta hote haiM / dra0 - bhAratIya itihAsa kI rUpa rekhA, dvi0 saM0, bhAga 1, pRSTha 533 / 2. nirukta 2|2|| tulanA karo - 'etasmizcAtimahati zabdasya prayogaviSaye te te zabdAstatra tatra niyataviSayA dRzyante / tadyathA zavatirgatikarmA kambojeSveva bhASito bhavati, vikAra enamAryA bhASante zava iti / hammatiH surASTreSu, raMhatiH prAcyamadhyeSu gamimeva tvAryAH prayuJjate / dAtirlavanArthe prAcyeSu, dAtramudIcyeSu / ' mahAbhASya 1 / 1 / zra0 1 // nAgeza ne isa vacana kI vyAkhyA meM 'dAtiH' ko ktinnanta athavA tijanta likhA hai / yaha azuddha hai / prakaraNAnusAra 'dAtiH' zabda dhAtunirdezaka 'ritap' pratmAnta hai / nirukta aura mahAbhASya ke pATha meM dhAtu aura usa se niSpanna zabdoM kA vibhinna pradezoM meM prayoga darzAyA hai / 13. 'vaidikasampatti' (saMska0 2 ) pRSTha 269 - 303 || vedavANI ( vArANasI) kA saM0 2017 kA vedAGka ( varSa 13 aGka 13 aGka 1-2 ) pRSTha 50 - 58 'bhASAvijJAna aura RSi dayAnanda' zIrSaka lekha 1 4. 'kanyAyAH kanIna ca' / aSTA0 4|1|116 // 15 20 25

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12 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kAmIna kI mUla prakRti kanyA nahIM hai,kanInA hai|' kumArArthaka 'kanIna' prAtipadika kA prayoga veda meM bahudhA milatA hai|' pArasiyoM kI dharmapustaka 'avestA' meM kanyA ke liye kainIna' zabda kA vyavahAra milatA hai| yaha spaSTatayA vaidika 'kanInA' kA apabhraMza hai| isase 5 spaSTa hotA hai ki kabhI IrAna meM kanyA artha meM 'kanInA' zabda kA prayoga hotA thA, aura usI kA apabhraMza 'kainIna' bnaa| 2. phArasI-bhASA meM tArA artha meM 'sitArA' zabda kA prayoga hotA hai, aMgrejI meM 'sTAra' aura gAthika meM 'stteyoN| ina donoM kA sambandha laukika-saMskRta meM prayujyamAna 'tArA' zabda se nahIM hai / veda meM 10 inakI mUla-prakRti kA prayoga milatA hai, vaha hai-'stR' zabda / Rgveda meM aneka sthAnoM para tRtIyA-bahucanAnta 'stRbhiH' pada kA vyavahAra tArA artha meM milatA hai| jaise 'petara' (laiTina), 'pAtera' (grIka), 'phAdera' (gAthika), 'phAdara' (aMgrejI) kA mUla 'pitR' zabda kA bahuvacanAnta 1. kanIna kA strIliGga 'kanInI' zabda bhI hai| (dra0 te0 prA0 15 1|27|6-'kumaariissu kanInISu' / kanInI zabda bhI kanInA ke samAna madhyodAtta hai| sAyaNa ne 'kAnInI' ke artha meM 'kanInI' kA prayoga mAnakara 'kanInISu kumAryAH putrISu' artha kiyA hai| yaha svarAnurodha se tathA vRddhayabhAva ke darzana se cintya hai / yadi 'prathApyasyAM tAddhitena kRtsnavanigamA bhavanti' (nirukta 2 / 4) niyama se sAyaNa kA apatyArtha meM taddhitotpatti ke vinA tAddhita artha darzAnA 20 svIkAra kareM to kathaMcidupapanna ho sakatA hai| hamAre vicAra meM donoM samAnArthaka zabdoM meM sUkSma artha-bheda darzAnA ucita hogaa| - 2. R0 3 / 48 / 1; 8 / 66 / 14 // dra0--'kanInakeva vidhradhe' (R0 4 / 32 / 23); 'kanInake kanyake' (niru0 4 / 15); 'jAraH kanInAM patirjanInAm' (R0 1166 / 4) Adi meM prayukta 'kanI' svatantra zabda hai / isa kA laukika 25 saMskRta meM bhI prayoga dekhA jAtA hai / yathA-'vAsuke: putrI divyarUpA kamI vasudattirnAma' / (prabandhakoSa, pRSTha 86) / 3. ha o mA tAsa-cit yA kainIno (saMskRta chAyA--somaH tAzcita yAH kanInAH) / ha proma yazta 6 / 23 / / (lAhaura saMskaraNa pRSTha 58) / 4. Stairno / epha. bAMpa kRta kampereTiva grAmara, bhAga, 1, pR0 64 / 30 5. R0 1168 / 5; 1187 / 1 / 1 / 163 / 11 ityAdi /

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saMskRta bhASA kI yavRtti, vikAsa aura hrAsa 'pitaraH' pada hai| usI prakAra sitArA, sTAra aura sTeyoM kA mUla 'stR' zabda kA prathamA kA bahuvacana 'stAraH' pada hai| 3. bahina ke liye phArasI meM 'hamazIrA' zabda prayukta hotA hai, aura aMgrejI meM 'sisTara' / saMskRta meM ina donoM ke mUla do pRthak zabda haiM--'hamazIrA' kA mUla 'samakSIrA' hai / saMskRta ke sakAra ko phArasI 5 meM hakAra hotA hai| yathA-sapta=haphta, saptAha haphtAha / kSa ke Adi kakAra kA lopa ho gayA, aura SakAra ko zakAra / isI prakAra 'sisTara' kA sambandha 'svasR' pada se hai ___4. UMTa ko phArasI meM 'zutara' kahate haiM, aura aMgrejI meM kaimala' / spaSTa hI ina donoM ke mUla pRthak-pRthak haiN| saMskRta meM UMTa ko uSTra, 10 aura kramela' donoM kahate haiM / uSTra ke u aura Sa kA viparyAsa hokara zutara zabda banatA hai| isI prakAra kaimala kA sambandha kramela zabda se hai| vartamAna mizrI bhASA ke 'gamala' aura kurAnI arabI ke 'jamala' zabda kA sambandha bhI saMskRta ke 'kramela' zabda ke sAtha hI hai| isa prakAra veda ke AdhAra para ati vistAra ko prApta huI saMskRta- 15 bhASA, manuSyoM ke vistAra ke sAtha-sAtha deza kAla aura paristhitiyoM ke viparyAsa tathA pAryoM ke mUla-pradeza kendra se dUratA kI vRddhi hone se, zanaiH zanaiH vipariNAma ko prApta hone lgii| saMsAra meM jyoM-jyoM mlecchatA (=uccAraNAzuddhi) kI vRddhi hotI gaI, tyoM-tyoM saMskRtabhASA kA prayoga-kSetra saMkucita hotA gyaa| usI ke sAtha-sAtha deza- 20 dezAntaroM meM vyavasthita saMskRta-bhASA ke zabdoM kA lopa hotA 1. moniyara viliyamsa ne apane saMskRta koza meM saMskRta 'kramela' zabda ko yUnAna se udhAra liyA mAnA hai| vaha sarvathA gappa hai| bhASA-vijJAna ke siddhAntAnusAra uttarottara apabhraMza bhASAoM meM upara nIce ke repha kI nivRtti hI hotI hai, nae repha kA saMyoga nahIM hotA / yadi kamela zabda kaimala-gamala- 25 5 jamala se athavA isakI kisI repha-rahita prakRti se niSpanna hotA, to usa meM / repha kA saMyoga na hotA / ataH kramela kI mUla dhAtu 'kramu pAdavikSepe' hI hai / 2. antima tIna udAharaNa paM0 rAjArAma viracita 'svAdhyAya-kusumAjali' se liye.haiN| 3. bhASAvijJAna, DA0 maGgaladeva, pRSTha 256 / 4. dekho, pRSTha 11 kI TippaNI 2 para mahAbhASya kA tulanAtmaka pATha /

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa gyaa| isase saMskRta-bhASA atyanta saMkucita ho gii| saMskRta-bhASA meM kisa prakAra zabdoM kA saMkoca huA, isa kA sopapattika nirUpaNa hama Age kreNge| Adhunika bhASAmata aura saMskRta-bhASA ___ prAcIna bhAratIya bhASAzAstra ke pAraGgata mahAmuni pataJjali yAska aura svAyambhuva manu ke bhASAviSayaka mata hama pUrva darzA cuke / Adhunika pAzcAtya bhASAzAstrI isa siddhAnta ko svIkAra nahIM karate / pAzcAtya bhASAvidoM ne vikAsavAda ke matAnusAra saMsAra kI kucha bhASAnoM kI tulanA karake nUtana bhASAzAstra ko kalpanA kI hai / 10 usake anusAra unhoMne saMskRta ko prAcIna mAnate huye bhI use saMsAra kI Adima bhASA nahIM maanaa| unakA mata haiM-'prAgaitihAsika kAla meM saMskRta se pUrva koI itara-bhASA (=iNDoyoropiyana bhASA) bolI jAtI thii| usI meM parivartana hokara saMskRta-bhASA kI utpatti huii| pAzcAtya-zikSA dIkSita bhAratIya bhI vinA svayaM vicAra kiye isI 15 mata ko mAnate haiN| uttarottara kAla meM saMskRta-bhASA meM bhI aneka parivartana haye / saMskRta-bhASA ko bhaviSyat meM parivartanoM se bacAne ke liye pANini ne apane mahAn vyAkaraNa kI racanA kii| usake dvArA bhASA ko itanA bAMdha diyA ki pANini se lekara Aja taka usa meM koI mahatvapUrNa parivartana nahIM huaaa|' 20 adhyApaka becaradAsa jIvarAja dozI ne apanI 'gujarAtI bhASA nI utkrAnti' nAmaka vyAkhyAna-mAlA meM prAkRta se vaidika-bhASA kI utpatti mAnI hai / una kA lekha isa prakAra hai / ___ 'ukta prakAre jaNAvelAM aneka udAharaNo dvArA ema siddha karI zakAya evaM che ke vyApaka prAkRtanA pravAhano sIdho saMbandha vedonI 25 jIvatI mUla bhASA sAtheja cha, na hI ke jenu svarUpa pANini prabhRti vaiyAkaraNoe nizcita kayuche evI laukika saMskRta saathai'|' pAzcAtya IsAI mata ke anusAra sAre itihAsa ko IsA pUrva 6 sahasra varSoM meM sImita karane kI niyata se vidvAnoM ne saMskRta-vAGamaya ke prAcIna-granthoM kA apane DhaMga se adhyayana karake aura usameM 30 1. pRSTha 74 tathA 75-77 tk||

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saMskRta bhASA kI pravRtti, vikAra aura hrAsa svakalpita bhASAzAstra kA puTa dekara unakA kAlakrama nirdhArita kiyA hai| usameM mantrakAla, brAhmaNakAla, upaniSatkAla, sUtrakAla, aura sAhityakAla Adi aneka kAlpanika kAla-vibhAga kiye haiN| unake dvArA unhoMne saMskRta-bhASA meM yathAkrama parivartana darzAne kA viphala prayAsa kiyA hai / Adhunika bhASAzAstriyoM ke dvArA saMskRta-bhASA meM 5 jo parivartana batAyA jAtA hai, vaha usake hrAsa (=saGkoca) ke kAraNa pratIta hotA hai| saMskRta-bhASA meM vastutaH kucha bhI parivartana nahIM huA, yaha hama anupada siddha kreNge| nUtana bhASAmata kI AlocanA pAzcAtya bhASAzAstriyoM ne saMskRta-bhASA kI utpatti aura 10 vikAsa ke viSaya meM jo mata nirdhArita kiye haiM, ve kAlpanika haiM / bhAratIya-vAGamaya se unakI kiJcinmAtra puSTi nahIM hotii| grIka laiTina, aura hiTeTi Adi bhASAoM ke jisa sAhitya ke AdhAra para ve bhASAmatoM ke niyamoM kI kalpanA karate haiM,vaha sAhitya purAtana saMskRtasAhitya kI apekSA bahuta arvAcIna-kAla kA hai| itanA hI nahIM, 15 pAzcAtya vidvAn jisa prAgaitihAsika kAla kI prAkRta (=iNDoyoropiyana) bhASA se saMskRta kI utpatti mAnate haiM,usakA koI pUrva vyavahRta svarUpa unhoMne abhI taka upasthita nahIM kiyA / ataH ina Adhunika bhASAzAstriyoM ne bhASAvijJAna ke jo niyama nirdhArita kiye haiM, ve sarvathA kAlpanika aura adhare haiN| ataH una ke dvArA kalpita bhASA. 20 vijJAna vijJAna kI koTi se bahirbhUta hai| prAdhanika bhASAzAstra kI AlocanA eka svatantra mahattvapUrNa viSaya hai / ataH usakI vizeSa aAlocanA ke liye pRthak svatantra grantha likhane kA hamArA vicAra hai| yahAM hama usake niyamoM ke adharepana ko darzAne ke liye eka udAharaNa upasthita karate haiM 25 __ nUtana bhASAvijJAna kA eka niyama hai--'vargIya dvitIya aura caturtha varNa ke sthAna meM 'ha' kA uccAraNa hotA hai, parantu 'ha' ke sthAna meM vargIya dvitIya aura caturtha varNa nahIM hotaa|' .. yaha niyama autsargika mAnA jA sakatA hai, ekAnta satya nhiiN| 1. bhASAvijJAna, zrI DA0 maMgaladeva kRta, pra0 saMskaraNa pRSTha 182 // 30

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kucha alpaprayoga aise bhI haiM, jinameM 'ha' ke sthAna meM vargIya dvitIya aura caturtha varNoM kA prayoga dekhA jAtA hai / yathA 1. Adhunika bola-cAla kI bhASA meM saMskRta ke 'guhA' zabda ke apabhraMza 'guphA' kA prayoga hotA hai| 2. paMjAbI meM saMskRta ke 'siMha' kA uccAraNa "siMgha' hotA hai, aura gurumukho lipi meM 'siMgha' hI likhA jAtA hai| 3. paMjAbI bhASA meM bhaiMsa ke liye prayukta 'majha' saMskRta ke 'mahI" zabda kA apabhraMza hai| 4. 'dAha' kA prAkRta meM 'dAdha,' aura 'nahuSa' kA pAlI meM 'naghuSa' 1. prayoga milatA hai 'dAha' se matvarthaka 'ra' pratyaya hokara 'dAhara' zabda banatA hai| isI kA apabhraMza mAravAr3I-bhASA meM 'dAphar3a' (=jalane vAlA phor3A) rUpa meM prayukta hotA hai| 5. 'ac' pratyayAnta 'roha' (=aGa kura') kA mAravAr3I bhASA meM naye paudhe ke liye 'rUMkha' 'rUMkhar3A' aura gujarAtI meM 'rUMkhaDuM' apabhraMza 15 prayukta hotA hai| 6. saMskRta ke 'iha' zabda ke sthAna meM prAkRta meM 'idha' kA prayoga hotA hai| 7. cInI bhASA meM 'homa' ke artha meM 'ghoma' zabda kA vyavahAra hotA hai| 2. 8. bhArata kI 'mAhI nadI grIka bhASA meM 'mophisa' bana gaI hai / ' ____6. saMskRta kA 'ahi' phArasI meM 'aphi' bana jAtA hai| aphIma zabda bhI saMskRta ke 'ahiphena' kA apabhraMza hai / 1. mahiSI (bhaiMsa) vAcaka 'mahI' zabda kA prayoga 'mahIM mA hiMsIH' (yaju0 13 / 44) meM upalabdha hotA hai| 2. dra0 zabdakalpadruma koza / 2. TAlemI kRta bhUgola, pRSTha 38 / isa grantha ke sampAdaka surendranAtha majumadAra zAstrI ne pRSTha 343 para apane TippaNa meM likhA hai ki grIka zabda se anumAna hotA hai ki isa kA purAnA nAma 'mAphI' thA / yaha yoropIya mithyA bhASAvijJAna kA phala hai / 'mahI' zabda TAlemI se 3300 varSa pUrvavartI jaiminI brAhmaNa meM prayukta haiM / dra0 bhagavaddadatta kRta 'bhAratavarSa kA bRhad itihAsa' 30 bhAga 1, pRSTha 50 (dvi0 saM0) /

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3 saMskRta bhASA kI pravRtti, vikAsa aura hrAsa 17 10. bRhaspativAra ke liye urdU meM prayukta 'vIphe' zabda 'bRhaspati' ke eka deza 'bRhaH' kA apabhraMza hai| 11. hindI kA 'jIbha' zabda jihvA=jIha' jIbha krama se niSpanna huA hai / prAkRta meM 'jIha' 'jIhA' zabda prayukta hai| jihvA= jivhA=jimbhA=jimbhA-isa prakAra krama se hakAra ko bha aura 5 bakAra ko bakAra tadanantara bakAra ko bhakAra huA hai| 12. saMskRta kI naha (Naha bandhane) dhAtu se hindI kA 'nAdhanA' . (=pazu kI nAka meM rassI DAlanA) zabda banA hai| 13. 'duhitR' ke prAdyanta kA lopa hokara avaziSTa 'hi' bhAga se paJjAbI kA putrI-vAcaka 'dho' zabda banA hai / aura phArasI meM prayukta 10 'dukhtara' zabda bhI 'saMskRta ke 'duhitR' kA hI apabhraMza hai| 14. saMskRta ke kathanArthaka 'Aha' dhAtu' (dra0-aSTA0 3 / 4 / 48) se paJjAbI meM vyavahRta 'pAkha' kriyA banI hai| ___ ye kucha udAharaNa diye haiM / inase pAzcAtya bhASAvijJAna ke niyamoM kA adhUrApana spaSTa pratIta hotA hai / ataH aise adhUre niyamoM 15 ke AdhAra para kisI bAta kA nirNaya karanA apane Apa ko dhokhe meM DAlanA hai| bhAratIya zabdazAstrI pANini aura yAska aneka zabdoM meM 'ha' ko ghaDha,dha,bha Adeza mAnate haiM / aSTAdhyAyI 8 / 4 / 62 ke anusAra sandhi meM jhay se uttara hakAra ko gha,jha,Dha, dha aura bha Adeza hote haiN| saMsAra meM bhASA kI pravRtti kaise huI, isa viSaya meM Adhunika 20 1. 'eka jIha guNa kavana bakhAne, sahasra phaNI sesa anta na jAne' / gurugrantha sAhaba, solahe mAhalla 5 / 2. vaiyAkaraNoM dvArA Adeza rUpa meM vihita dhAtuyeM kisI samaya meM mUla ghAtuyeM thIM / lopAgamaNavikAra Adi se niSpanna dhAtu athavA nAmarUpa atiprAcIna kAla meM svatantrarUpa meM prayukta hote the / dra0--isI grantha ke anta meM 25 dUsarA pariziSTa 'pANinIya vyAkaraNa kI vaijJAnika vyAkhyA' tathA RSi dayAnanda kI padaprayoga zailI', pRSTha 6-17 / '3. cakSavAcaka 'AMkha' zabda kA sambandha bhI kathanArthaka Aha =Akha rUpa se pratIta hotA hai / yathA cakSa-cakSuH / kaI loga akSi paryAya 'akSa' se isa kA sambandha mAnate haiN-akss=akkh=praaNkh|

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18 . saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa bhASAvijJAna sarvathA mauna hai, usakI isameM koI gati nahIM / parantu bhAratIya itihAsa spaSTa zabdoM meM kahatA hai-'loka meM bhASA kI pravRtti veda se huI hai, aura saMskRta hI saba bhASAoM kI Adi-jananI tathA Adima bhASA hai| Adhunika bhASAzAstrI apane adhUre kAlpanika bhASAzAstra ke anusAra isa tathya ko svIkAra na kareM, to isameM itihAsa kA kyA doSa ? itihAsa vidyA hai, aura kalpanA kalpanA hI hai / kyA saMskRta prAkRta se utpanna huI hai ? prAkRta bhASA ke aneka pakSapAtI devavANI ke liye saMskRta zabda kA vyavahAra dekhakara kalpanA karate haiM ki saMskRta-bhASA kisI prAkRtabhASA se saMskRta kI huI hai| isIliye prAkRta ke pratipakSa meM isakA nAma saMskRta huaa| yaha kalpanA nitAnta azuddha hai| isameM nimna hetu 1. saMskRta se prAgbhAvI kisI prAkRta-bhASA kI sattA itihAsa se siddha nahIM hotI, jisa se saMskRta kI niSpatti mAnI jAve / 15 . 2. prAkRta-bhASA kI mahattA ko svIkAra karane vAle prAcArya hemacandra sadaza vidvAnoM ne bhI prAkRta-bhASA kI utpatti saMskRta se mAnI hai| 3. bhASA kA svabhAvataH vikAsa nahIM hotA, vikAra hotA hai / ataeva pUrvAcAryoM ne prAkRta kA sAmAnya 'apabhraMza' zabda se vyavahAra 20 kiyA hai / 4. bhASA-vikAra ke niyama sarvasammata haiM 1. manu0 kA pRSTha 2 meM uddhRta 'sarveSAM tu sa nAmAni......' vacana, 'daivI vAg vyatikIrNayamazaktairabhidhAtRbhiH' / vAkyapadIya 11154 // vedabhASA anya saba bhASAoM kA kAraNa hai' / satyArthaprakAza, saptama samullAsa 'rAmalAla 25 kapUra TrasTa' kA A0 sa0 zatAbdI saMskaraNa 2, pRSTha 315 paM0 12 / tathA pUnA-pravacana, pAMcavAM vyAkhyAna / 2. 'prakRtiH saMskRtam / tatra bhavaM tata AgataM vA prAkRtam' / haima prAkRtavyAkaraNa kI svopajJa-vyAkhyA 11111 // - tulanA karo- 'prakRtau bhavaM prAkRtam, sAdhUnAM zabdAnAM...' / vAkyapadIya 30 svopajJavRti 12155, pRSTha 137 rAmalAlakapUra TrasTa, lAhaura saMskaraNa / : ... .

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saMskRta bhASA kI pravRtti, vikAsa aura hrAsa 16 (ka) bhASA kA vikAra prAyaH kliSTa uccAraNa se sugama uccAraNa kI ora hotA hai| (kha) bhASA kA vikAra prAyaH saMzleSaNAtmakatA se vizleSaNAtmakatA kI ora hotA hai| yadi ina niyamoM ko dhyAna meM rakha kara saMskRta aura prAkRta kI 5 tulanA kI jAya, to pratIta hotA hai ki prAkRta-bhASA kI apekSA saMskRta bhASA kA uccAraNa adhika kliSTa tathA saMzleSaNAtmaka hai, tathA prAkRta kA uccAraNa saMskRta kI apekSA sarala aura vizleSaNAtmaka hai| ataH sarala uccAraNa aura vizleSaNAtmaka prAkRta-bhASA se kliSTa uccAraNa aura saMzleSaNAtmaka saMskRta-bhASA kI utpatti nahIM 10 ho sktii| hAM, kliSTa aura saMzleSaNAtmaka saMskRta se sarala aura vizleSaNAtmaka prAkRta kI utpatti ho sakatI hai| ataeva atiprAcIna 'bharatamuni' ne likhA hai-. .. etadeva viparyastaM saMskAraguNajitam / .. vijJeyaM prAkRtaM pAThya nAnAvasthAntarAtsakam // '... - zabda-zAstra ke prAmANika AcArya 'bhartRhari' ne bhI likhA hai daivI vAg vyatikIrNeyamazaktairabhidhAtRbhiH / / isa vivecanA se spaSTa hai ki saMskRta-bhASA prAkRta se prAcIna hai| aura prAkRta saMskRta kI vikRti hai| saMskRta nAma kA kAraNa 20 bhAratIya itihAsa ke anusAra devavANI kA 'saMskRta' nAma isa kAraNa huA prAcIna-kAla meM devavANI avyAkRta arthAt prakRti-pratyaya Adi ke vibhAga se rahita thii| isakA upadeza pratipada pATha dvArA kiyA jAtA thaa| isa prakAra usake jJAna meM atyanta parizrama tathA atyadhika 25 2. a0 17 zloka 2 / bharatanATyazAstra atiprAcIna ArSakola kA grantha hai / lekhakapramAda se isameM kahIM-kahIM prAcIna TIkAoM ke pATha sammilita ho gaye haiM / ise kRtsnatayA arvAcIna mAnanA bhUla hai| 2. vAkyapadIya 1 / 1 // 54 // 3. 'bRhaspatirindrAya divyaM varSasahasraM pratipadoktAnAM zabdAnAM zabdapArAyaNaM provAca' / mahAbhASya a0 1, pA0 1, prA0 1 / /

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kAlakSaya hotA thaa| ataH devoM ne usa samaya ke mahAn zAbdika AcArya indra se prArthanA kI-'Apa zabdopadeza kI koI aisI sarala prakriyA batAveM, jisase alpa parizrama aura alpa-kAla meM zabdabodha ho ho jAve' / devoM kI prArthanA para indra ne devabhASA ke pratyeka zabda ko 5 madhya se vibhakta kiyaa| isa prakAra prakRtipratyaya-vibhAgarUpI saMskAra dvArA saMskRta hone se devavANI kA dUsarA nAma 'saMskRta' huA / ' ataeva 'daNDI' apane kAvyAdarza meM likhatA hai saMskRtaM nAma daivI vAg anvAkhyAtA maharSibhiH / 13 / 3 // bhAratIya ArSavAGamaya meM devavANI ke liye 'saMskRta' zabda kA 10 vyabahAra vAlmIkIya rAmAyaNa aura bharatanATyazAstra' meM milatA hai| rAmAyaNa meM usakA vizeSaNa 'mAnuSI' likhA hai| AcArya yAska aura pANini bhI laukika-saMskRta ke liye 'bhASA' zabda kA vyavahAra karate haiN|' isase spaSTa hai ki saMskRta-bhASA usa samaya jana-sAdhAraNa kI bhASA thii| 15 1. 'vAgvai parAcyavyAkRtAvadat / te devA indramabruvan, imAM no vAcaM vyAkurviti "tAmindro madhyato'vakramya vyAkarot' / tai0 saM0 6 / 47 // 'tAmakhaNDAM vAcaM madhye vicchidya prakRtipratyayavibhAgaM sarvatrAkarot' / sAyaNa RgbhASya upoddhAta, pUnA saMskaraNa bhAga 1, pRSTha 26 / 'saMskRte prakRtipratyayAdivibhAgaH saMskAramApAdite ..' / zikSAprakAza, 20 zikSAsaMgraha, pRSTha 387 / (kAzI saM0) / 2. 'vAcaM codAhariSyAmi mAnuSImiha saMskRtAm' / sundarakANDa 30 / 17 / / 3. a0 1711, 25 // 4. kAThaka saMhitA 1415 meM bhI daivI vAk ke pratipakSarUpa meM laukikasaMskRta ke liye 'mAnuSI' pada kA vyavahAra milatA hai25 tasmAd brAhmaNa ubhayIM vAcaM vadati / daivIM ca mAnuSIM ca karoti / ' 5. iveti bhASAyAm / nirukta 114 // vibhASA bhASAyAm / aSTA0 6 / 11 181 // 6. vistAra ke liye dekhiye paM0 bhagavaddata kRta vaidika-vAGmaya kA itihAsa bhAga 1, pR0 26-40, saMska0 2 /

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saMskRta bhASA kI pravRtti, vikAsa aura hAsa 21 kalpita kAla vibhAga yaha sarvathA satya hai ki eka hI vyakti jaba vibhinna viSayoM ke granthoM kA pravacana vA racanA karatA hai, to usameM viSayabheda ke kAraNa thor3A bahuta bhASAbheda avazya hotA hai / pAzcAtya vidvAn apane adhUre bhASAvijJAna ke AdhAra para isa satya-niyama kI avahelanA karake 5 saMskRta vAGamaya ke racanAkAloM kA nirdhAraNa karate haiM / ve unake liye mantrakAla, brAhmaNakAla, sUtrakAla Adi aneka kAlavibhAgoM kI kalpanA karatne haiM | saMskRta-vAGamaya kA adhyayana karane se pratIta hotA hai ki bhAratIya vAG maya ke itihAsa meM pAzcAtya vidvAnoM dvArA pradarzita kAla-vibhAga kadApi nahIM rahA / pAzcAtya vidvAnoM ne vikAsavAda ke 10 asatya siddhAnta ko mAnakara aneka aitihya viruddha kalpanAeM kI haiM / hama apane mantavya kI puSTi meM tIna pramANa upasthita karate haiM / zAkhA, brAhmaNa, kalpasUtra aura AyurvedasaMhitAyeM samAnakAlika bhAratIya itihAsa - paramparA ke anusAra vedoM kI zAkhAeM, brAhmaNagrantha, kalpasUtra (= zrautasUtra, gRhyasUtra, dharmasUtra ) aura Ayurveda kI 12 saMhitAeM Adi grantha samAnakAlika haiM / arthAt jina RSiyoM ne zAkhA aura brAhmaNa granthoM kA pravacana kiyA, unhoMne hI kalpasUtra aura Ayurveda kI saMhitAeM racIM / bhAratIya prAcIna itihAsa ke parama vidvAn paM0 bhagavaddatta ne sarvaprathama isa satya - siddhAnta kI ora vidvAnoM kA dhyAna AkRSTa kiyA / unhoMne apane prasiddha 'vaidika vAGmaya kA 20 itihAsa' bhAga 1, pR0 251 (dvi0 saM0 pR0 356 ) para nyAya vAtsyAyanabhASya ke nimna do pramANa upasthita kiye haiM / bhAratIya vAGmaya kA prAmANika AcArya vAtsyAyana' apane nyAyabhASya 2 / 1 / 68 meM likhatA hai - 25 1. vAtsyAyana AcArya viSNugupta cANakya kA hI nAmAntara hai / yaha aneka pramANoM se siddha ho cukA hai| isa viSaya kA eka sarvathA navIna pramANa hamane svasampAdita dazapAdI - uNAdivRtti ke upodghAta meM diyA hai / prAcArya viSNugupta cANakya kA kAla bhAratIya paurANika kAlagaNanAnusAra, jo satya siddha ho rahI hai; vikrama se lagabhaga 1500 varSa pUrva hai / pAzcAtya aitihAsika vikrama se lagabhaga 250 varSa pUrva mAnate haiM / 30

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22 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa (ka) draSTapravaktRsAmAnyAccAnumAnam / ya evAptA vedArthAnAM draSTAraH pravaktArazca ta evAyurvedaprabhRtInAm / / arthAt jo Apta-RSi vedArtha ke draSTA aura pravaktA the ve hI Ayurveda ke draSTA aura pravaktA the| puna: nyAyabhASya 4 / 1 / 62 meM likhA hai (kha) draSTrapravaktRsAmAnyAccAprAmANyAnupapattiH / ya eva mantrabrAhmaNasya draSTAraH pravaktArazca te khalvitihAsapurANasya dharmazAstrasya ceti| arthAt jo RSi mantroM ke draSTA aura brAhmaNa-granthoM ke pravaktA the, 10. ve hI itihAsa, purANa aura dharmazAstra ke pravaktA the| isa siddhAnta kI puSTi prAyuvedoya caraka saMhitA prathamAdhyAya se bhI hotI hai| usameM Ayurveda kI unnati aura pracAra ke parAmarza ke liye ekatrita hone vAle kucha RSiyoM ke nAma likhe haiM / anta meM una saba kA vizeSaNa 'brahmajJAnasya nidhayaH" diyA hai| unameM ke aneka RSi zAkhA, brAhmaNa aura dharmazAstra Adi ke pravaktA the / Ayurveda _ kI hArIta saMhitA ke pravaktA maharSi hArIta' kA dharmazAstra isa samaya upalabdha hai| veda kI hArIta saMhitA kA ullekha aneka vaidika-granthoM meM upalabdha hotA hai| ataH prAcArya vAtsyAyana kA uparyukta lekha atyanta prAmANika hai| aba hama isI prAcIna aitihya-siddha siddhAnta kI puSTi meM nyAyabhASya se paurvakAlika eka nayA pramANa upasthita karate haiM / kucha dina hue mImAMsA-zAvara-bhASya par3hAte huye jaimini ke nimna sUtra kI ora hamArA dhyAna AkRSTa huaa| (ga) jaimini zAkhA aura usa ke brAhmaNa ke pravaktA bhAratayuddha25 kAlIna mahAmuni jaimini ne pUrvamImAMsA ke kalpasUtra-prAmANyAdhikaraNa meM likhA hai- .. 1. caraka sUtrasthAna 1 // 14 // 2. caraka sUtrasthAna 1 / 31 meM smRta // 3. te0 prA0 14 / 18 / isa para bhASyakAra mAhiSaya likhatA hai-hArIta30 syAcAryasya zAkhinaH ...... / 4. vaizAkha vi0 saM0 2003=aprela san 1946 /

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saMskRta bhASA pravRtti, vikAsa aura hrAsa 23 api vA kartR sAmAnyAt tat pramANamanumAnaM syAt / 1 / 3 / 2 // arthAt-kalpasUtroM zrauta, gRhya aura dharma sUtroM kI jina vidhiyoM kA mUla AmnAya meM nahIM milatA, ve apramANa nahIM haiM / AmnAya aura kalpasUtroM ke kartA pravaktA samAna hone se grAmnAya meM anukta kalpasUtra kI vidhiyoM kA bhI prAmANya hai / arthAt jina RSiyoM ne AmnAya = 5 veda kI zAkhAoM aura brAhmaNa-granthoM kA pravacana kiyA, unhoMne hI kalpasUtroM kI bhI racanA kI / ataH yadi una kA vacana eka grantha meM pramANa hai to dUsare meM kyoM nahIM ? zabarasvAmIAdi navIna mImAMsaka zAkhA, brAhmaNa, AraNyaka aura upaniSad sabako apauruSeya tathA veda mAnate haiN| ataH unhoMne 'kartR 10 sAmAnyAt' pada kA artha 'zrautakarma ke anuSThAtA aura smRti ke kartA kiyA hai / parantu jaimini veda aura AmnAya meM bheda mAnatA hai|' vAtsyAyana muni ne 'draSTrapravaktRsAmAnyAccAprAmANyAnupapattiH' ke dvArA dharmazAstroM kA prAmANya siddha kiyA hai| jaimini bhI 'api vA kartRsAmAnyAt tatpramANamanumAnaM syAt' sUtra dvArA smRtiyoM kA prAmANya 15 siddha karatA hai| donoM ke prakaraNa tathA viSaya-pratipAdana-zailI kI samAnatA se spaSTa hai ki jaimini ke 'karvasAmAnyAta' pada kA artha 'bAmnAya aura smRtiyoM ke samAna pravaktA' hI hai| (gha) bhagavAn pANini kA eka prasiddha sUtra hai.. purANaprokteSu braahmnnklpessuH|4|3|105|| / isa sUtra meM pANini ne brAhmaNa-granthoM aura kalpa-sUtroM ke do - 1. jaimini ne 'vedAMzcaike saMnnikarSa puruSAkhyA' 1 / 1 / 27 ke prakaraNa meM veda ke anityatvadoSa kA 31 veM sUtra se samAdhAna karake dvitIya pAda ke prArambha meM 'AmnAyasya kriyArthatvAdAnarthakyamatadarthAnAM tasmAdanityamucyate' ke prakaraNa meM AmnAya ke anityatva doSa aura usake samAdhAna kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai / yadi 25 voda aura AmnAya eka ho to 'AmnAyasya kriyArthatvAt' sUtra meM AmnAya grahaNa karanA vyartha hogA, kyoM ki veda kA prakaraNa avyavahita pUrva vidyamAna hai, aura anityatvaM doSa kA samAdhAna bhI punarukta hogA / vizeSa, draSTavya, hamArI mImAMsAzAbara-bhASya kI prArSamatavimarzinI, hindI vyAkhyA, bhAga 1 / ... tulanA karo+AmnAyaH punarmantrAzca brAhmaNAni ca / kauzikasUtra 113 // 30

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saMskRta vyAkaraNazAstra-kA itihAsa vibhAga darzAye haiN|' eka purANa-prokta, dUsare arvAk-prokta / ina donoM vibhAgoM ke liye koI sImA avazya nirdhArita karanI hogii| jo sImA brAhmaNa-granthoM ko purANa aura navIna vibhA ga meM bAMTegI, vahI sImA kalpa-sUtroM ke bhI purANa aura navIna vibhAga karegI / pANini 5 ke isa sUtra se itanA spaSTa hai ki aneka kalpa-sUtra navIna brAhmaNoM kI apekSA purANa prokta hai| aisI avasthA meM zAkhA, brAhmaNa, AraNyaka, upaniSad, kalpasUtra aura AyUrveda kI ArSa-saMhitAoM ke pravacanakartA samAna the, aura inakA eka kAla meM pravacana huaA thA, yahI mAnanA hogA / ataeva 10 pAzcAtya vidvAnoM kI kAlavibhAga kI kalpanA sarvathA pramANazUnya hai| saMskRta-bhASA kA vikAsa pUrva likha cuke haiM ki sRSTi ke prArambha meM veda ke AdhAra para laukika-bhASA kA vikAsa hmaa| vaha bhASA prArambha meM atyanta vistRta thii| veda ke ve samasta zabda jinheM samprati 'chAndasa' mAnate haiM, usa 15 bhASA meM sAdhAraNa rUpa se prayukta the, arthAt usa samaya laukika-vaidika padoM kA bheda nahIM thaa| pANini se prAcIna veda kI zAkhA, brAhmaNa, AraNyaka, kalpasUtra, rAmAyaNa, mahAbhArata Adi granthoM meM zatazaH zabda aise vidyamAna haiM jinheM pANinIya vaiyAkaraNa chAndasa vA ArSa mAnakara 1. tulanA karo-'tathA purANaM tANDam' / lATyA0 zrauta 7 / 10 / 17 // 20 isa sUtra meM tANDa brAhmaNa kA purANa vizeSaNa spaSTa karatA hai ki lATyAyana zrauta ke pravacana kAla meM purANa aura navIna do prakAra kA tANDa brAhmaNa thA / 2. bhAratIya aiti hyAnusAra yaha sImA hai kRSNa dvaipAyana vyAsa kA kAla / kRSNa dvaipAyana vyAsa ke ziSya praziSyoM dvArA prokta brAhmaNa aura kalpa navIna mAne jAte haiM aura kRSNa dvaipAyana se pUrvavartI 27 vyAsoM ke dvArA tathA aitareya zATyAyana Adi dvArA prokta prAcIna kahe jAte haiM / vizeSa draSTavya, isI grantha kA 'prAcArya pANini ke samaya vidyamAna saMskRta vAGmaya' zIrSaka chaThe adhyAya kA 'prokta' prakaraNa / 3. bharata ne ise pratibhASA kahA hai| dr0-17|27, 28 // pratIta hotA hai ki bharatamuni ke samaya kucha vaidika pada loka meM aprayukta ho gaye the| 30 ataeva usane laukika kI bhASA kI apekSA 'pratibhASA' khaa|

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saMskRta bhASA kI pravRtti, vikAsa aura hrAsa 25 sAdhu mAnate haiN| mahAbhASyakAra ne pANinIya sUtroM meM bhI bahutra chAndasa kArya mAnA hai| niruktakAra yAska muni ne spaSTa likhA hai-'kaI laukika zabdoM kI mUla prakRti dhAtu kA prayoga veda meM hI upalabdha hotA hai| isI prakAra aneka vaidika zabda vizuddha laukika dhAtu se niSpanna hote haiN|" isa saMmizraNa se spaSTa hai ki jina laukika zabdoM 5 kI mUla-prakRti kA prayoga kevala veda meM milatA hai, unakA prayoga bhASA meM kabhI avazya rahA thaa| anyathA vaidika dhAtu se niSpanna zabdoM kA prayoga loka meM kaise ho sakatA hai ? aura laukika dhAtuoM se vaidika zabdoM kI niSpatti kaise ho sakatI hai ? itanA hI nahIM prAkRtabhASA meM zatazaH aise prayoga vidyamAna haiM jinakI rUpasAmyatA vaidika 10 mAne jAne vAle zabdoM ke sAtha hai| yadi una vaidika zabdoM kA loka meM prayoga na mAnA jAya to unase apabhraMza zabdoM kI utpatti nahIM ho sakatI, kyoM ki apabhraMzoM kI utpatti lokaprayUkta padoM ke ajJAniyoM dvArA kiye gaye ayathArtha uccAraNa se bhI hotI hai| isa se yaha bhI mAnanA hogA ki apabhraMza bhASAoM kI utpatti kA Arambha usa samaya 15 huA, jaba saMskRta-bhASA meM vaidika-mAne jAne vAle padoM kA vyavahAra vidyamAna thaa| usa samaya saMskRta-bhASA itanI saMkucita nahIM thI, jitanI samprati hai / atipurA kAla meM kevala do bhASAeM thiiN| manu ne unheM paary| bhASA aura mleccha-bhASA kahA hai| hamArA vicAra hai ki apabhraMza bhASAoM kI utpatti tretA yuga ke prArambha meM haI / vAlmIki 20 muni kRta prAkRta vyAkaraNa kA vidyamAna honA bhI isameM pramANa hai| paM0 becaradAsa jIvarAja doSI ne 'gujarAtI bhASA nI utkrAnti' pustaka meM pRSTha 52-74 taka prAkRta aura vaidika padoM kI tulanAtmaka kucha sUciyAM dI haiN| unhoMne unase jo pariNAma nikAlA hai usase yadyapi hama sahamata nahIM, tathApi prakRta vicAra ke liye unakA kucha 25 1. athApi bhASikebhyo dhAtubhyo naigamAH kRto bhASyante / damUnAH kSetrasAdhA iti / athApi naigamebhyo bhASikAH uSNam, ghRtamiti / 2 / 2 // tulanA karogharatirasmA avizeSaNopadiSTaH / sa ghRtaM ghRNA dharma ityevaM viSayaH / mahAbhASya 7 / 1 / 66 // 2. pAramparyAdapabhraMzo viguNeSvabhidhAtRSu / vAkyapadIya 1 / 154 // 3. mlecchAvAcazcAryavAcaH sarve te dasyavaH smRtAH / 10 / 45 //

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa - brahma tuhma devehi aMza uddhRta karate haiN| usase pAThaka hamAre mantavya ko bhale prakAra samajha jaayeNge| laukika vaidika laukika vaidika prAkRta hanti hanati haNai apragalbha apagalbha apagabbha bhinatti bhedati bhedai patyA patinA paiNA mriyate marati marai gavAm gonAm gunnam dadAti dAti dAi asmabhyam asme dadhAti dhAti dhaai| yUyam yuSme icchati icchate icchae trayANAm trINAm tiNham 10 ISTe Ize Isae devaiH devebhiH / amathnAt mathIt mathIma netum [netavai] netave abhUt bhUta bhavIna itarat itaraM / itaraM laukika vaidika saMskRta prAkRta salopa- spRzanya prazanya spRhA pihA 15 ha ko dha- saha sadha iha idha R ko ra- RjiSTham rajiSTham Rju raju anusvArase pUrva hrasva-yuvAM yuvaM devAnAM devAnaM saMskRta-bhASA kA hrAsa pUrva likhA jA cukA hai ki saMskRta-bhASA prArambha meM ativistRta 20 thii| saMsAra kI samasta vidyAoM ke pAribhASika tathA sarvavyavahAro payogI zabda isameM vartamAna the| koI bhI aisA prayoga jise samprati chAndasa vA ArSa mAnA jAtA hai isase bAhara na thA / sahasroM varSoM taka yaha saMsAra kI ekamAtra bolacAla kI bhASA rahI / usa ativistRta mUla-bhASA meM deza, kAla aura paristhiti kI bhinnatA tathA ArSa saMskRti ke kendra se dUratA ke kAraNa zanaiH-zanaiH parivartana hone lagA, 25 usI parivartana se saMsAra kI samasta apabhraMza bhASAnoM ko utpatti huii| yadyapi isa parivartana ko prArambha hue sahasroM varSa bIta gaye, aura una apabhraMza bhASAoM meM bhI uttarottara adhikAdhika parivartana ho gayA, tathApi saMskRta-bhASA ke sAtha unakI tulanA karane para pAra sparika prakRti vikRti bhAva Aja bhI bahata spaSTa pratIta hotA hai| 30 ina apabhraMza bhASAoM ke vartamAna svarUpa kI apekSA prAcIna svarUpa saMskRta-bhASA ke adhika nikaTa thaa|

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saMskRta bhASA kI pravRtti, vikAsa aura hrAsa 27 yAskIya nirukta aura pAtaJjala mahAbhASya se vidita hotA hai ki isa atimahatI saMskRta-bhASA kA prayoga vibhinna dezoM meM baMTA huA thA / yathA -AryAvartadezavAsI gamana artha meM 'gamlu' dhAtu kA prayoga karate the, surASTravAsI 'hamma" kA, prAcya tathA madhyadezavAsI 'raMha' kA, aura kAmboja 'zava' kA / pAryoM meM 'zava' dhAtu ke AkhyAta kA prayoga 5 nahIM hotA / ve loga usake niSpanna kevala 'zava'kRdanta zabda kA prayoga karate haiN| lavana kATanA artha meM 'dA' dhAtu ke 'dAti Adi AkhyAta padoM kA prayoga prAradeza meM hotA thA, aura STran-pratyayAnta 'dAtra' zabda udIcya deza meM bolA jAtA thaa| Ajakala bhI paMjAbI bhASA meM 'dAtra' ke strIliGga 'dAtrI' zabda kA vyavahAra hotA hai / ataeva yAska 10 ne nirvacana ke niyamoM kA upasaMhAra karate huye likhA hai-isa prakAra dezabheda meM baMTe huye prayogoM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara zabdoM kA nirvacana karanA caahiye| arthAt kisI deza meM prayukta zabda kI vyutpatti usI pradeza meM prayukta asambaddha dhAtu se karane kI ceSTA na karake dezAntara meM prayukta mUla dhAtu se karanI cAhiye / 15 ____isa lekha se yaha suspaSTa hai ki saMskRta-bhASA ke vibhinna zabdoM kA prayoga vibhinna dezoM meM baMTA huA thaa| punaH una dezoM meM jyoM-jyoM mlecchatA kI vRddhi hotI gaI, tyoM-tyoM vahAM se saMskRta-bhASA kA lopa hotA gayA, aura una-una dezoM meM prayukta saMskRta bhASA ke viziSTa prayoga lupta ho gye| isa prakAra saMskRta-bhASA ke pracAra-kSetra ke 20 saMkoca ke sAtha-sAtha bhASA kA bhI mahAn saMkoca ho gyaa| yadi Aja bhI saMsAra kI samasta bhASAoM kA isa dRSTi se adhyayana kiyA jAya, to saMskRta-bhASA ke zatazaH lupta prayogoM kA punaruddhAra ho sakatA hai| mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali bhASA ke saMkoca aura vikAra ke isa siddhAnta se bhale prakAra vijJa thaa| vaha likhatA hai'sarve khalvapyete zabdA dezAntareSu prayujyante / na caivopalabhyante / / 1. pahammatIti pAThe hammatiH kambojeSu prasiddhaH iti / gauDavAha TIkA pRSTha 245 / mahAbhASya se viruddha hone ke kAraNa TIkAkAra kA lekha azuddha hai| 2. athApi prakRtaya evaikeSu bhASyante, vikRtaya ekeSu / zavatirgatikarmA kambo jeSveva bhASyate |.....vikaarmsyaaryessu bhASante zava iti / dAtirlavanArthe 30 prAcyeSu, dAtramudIcyeSu / nirukta 2 / 2 // tathA pRSTha 11, Ti0 2 meM mahAbhASya kA uddhrnn| 3. evamekapadAni nibUM yAt / nirukta 2 / 2 //

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa upalabdhau yatnaH kriyatAm / mahAn zabdasya pryogvissyH| saptadvIpA vasumato " / etasmizcAtimahati prayogaviSaye te te zabdAstatra tatra niyataviSayA dRzyante / ' / yadyapi mahAbhASyakAra ke samaya meM saMskRta-bhASA kA pracAra samasta bhUmaNDala meM nahIM thA, tathApi vaha pANinIya vyAkaraNa se siddha hone vAle zabdoM kA prayogakSetra saptadvIpA vasumatI likhatA hai, aura unakI upalabdhi ke liye preraNA karatA hai / isase spaSTa hai ki vaha apabhraMza bhASAoM kI utpatti saMskRta se mAnatA hai, aura unake dvArA saMskRta bhASA se lupta huye prayogoM kI upalabdhi ke liye preraNA karatA hai / 10 sambhavataH mahAbhASyakAra ke ukta vacana ke anusAra bhaTra kumArila byAkaraNa-zAstra ke sAhAyya se loka meM utpanna haI mUla zabdarAzi ke parijJAna kI preraNA detA hai| vaha likhatA hai-'yAvAMzcAkRtako vinaSTaH zabdarAzistasya vyAkaraNamevaikamupalakSaNam, tadupalakSitarUpANi c| tantravAttika 1 / 3 / 12, pR0 236 (pUnA saMska0 zAvarabhASya 15 bhAga 1) / ataH saMskRta-bhASA se zabdoM kA lopa tathA bhASA kA saMkoca kisa prakAra huA, isakA vyAkaraNa zAstra ke AdhAra para atisaMkSipta sapramANa nidarzana Age karAte haiM 1. bhASAvRttikAra puruSottamadeva ne 6 / 177 kI vRtti meM eka 20 vAttika likhA hai- 'ikAM yabhirvyavadhAnaM vyADigAlavayoriti vakta vyam' / tadanusAra vyADi aura gAlava prAcAryoM ke mata meM 'dadhyatra' madhvatra' prayoga viSaya meM 'dadhiyatra madhuvatra' prayoga bhI hote the| puruSottamadeva se prAcIna jainendra vyAkaraNa ke vyAkhyAtA abhayanandI ne 'saMgraha' ke nAma se isa mata kA ullekha kiyA hai| hemacandra ne svopajJa 1. mahAbhASya / a0 1 / pA0 1 / a0 1 // 2. iko yabhirvyavadhAnamekeSAmiti saMgrahaH / jainendra mahAvRtti / / 2 // 1 // paM0 kSitIzacandra caTarjI ne 'TekanIkala Tarsa Apha saMskRta grAmara' ke pRSTha 71 ke TippaNa meM nimna pATha uddhRta kiyA hai 'bhUvAdInAM vakAro'yaM lakSaNArthaH prayujyate / vyavadhAnamiko yabhirvAyuvambara30 yoriva' //

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saMskRta bhASA kI pravRtti, vikAsa aura hrAsa 26 bRhadvRtti' aura pAlyakIti ne svopajJa amoghAvRtti' meM yaNa-vyavadhAna pakSa kA nirdeza kiyA hai| ataH yaNa-vyavadhAna pakSa meM 'dadhiyatra madhuvatra' Adi prayoga bhI kabhI loka meM prayukta hote the, yaha nirvivAda hai| taittirIya Adi zAkhAoM meM isa prakAra ke kucha prayoga upalabdha hote haiN| baudhAyana gRhya meM 'vyahe' ke sthAna meM 'triyahe' kA prayoga milatA 5 hai / kaivalya upaniSad 1 / 12 meM 'strIyanapAnAdi vicitrabhaugaiH' prayoga meM yaNvyavadhAna dekhA jAtA hai| pratIta hotA hai kAlAntara meM lokabhASA meM se yaNvyavadhAna vAle prayogoM kA lopa ho jAne se pANini ne yaNvyavadhAna pakSa kA sAkSAt nirdeza nahIM kiyA, parantu 'bhUvAdayo dhAtavaH" sUtra meM vakAra-vyavadhAna kA prayoga karate huye yaNvyavadhAna 10 pakSa ko svIkAra avazya kiyA hai| kAtyAyana ne yaNvyavadhAna vAle prayogoM kA loka meM prAyaH prabhAva dekha kara tAdRza vaidika prayogoM kA sAdhutva darzAne ke liye 'iyaGAdiprakaraNe tanvAdInAM chanda se bahulam vAttika banAyA, aura unameM iyaGa uvaGa kI kalpanA kii| parantu 'bhavAdayaH' pada kI niSpati nahIM huii| 15 ataH mahAbhASyakAra ko yahAM anya kliSTa-kalpanAeM karanI pdd'ii| ___1. kecittvavarNAdibhyaH parAn yaralavAnicchanti / dadhiyatra, tiriyaGa, madhuvatra, bhUvAdayaH / haima vyAkaraNa 1 / 2 / 21 // 2. zAkaTAyana vyA0 1 / 173 // laghuvRtti--'iko yabhirvyavadhAnamityeke / ' pR0 23 / 'iko yabhirvyavadhAnamityeke / dadhiyatra madhuvatra / ' amoghAvRtti 20 pR0 15 / 3. jaimini brAhmaNa 1 / 112 kA pATha hai-'prANa iti dve akSare, apAna iti trINi, vyAna iti trINi, tadaSTau saMpadyante' / yahAM mudrita pATha 'vyAna' azuddha hai 'viyAna' cAhiye / 'viyAna' pATha hone para hI tIna akSara banate haiN| 4. triyahe paryavete'tha / bau0 gRhya zeSa 5 // 2 // pRSTha 362 / 5. striyannapAnAdi0 pAThAntara / isameM iyaGa huA hai / 6. aSTA0 1 / 3 / 1 // 7. mahAbhASya 6 / 4 / 77 // 8. bhUvAdInAM vakAro'yaM maGgalArthaH prayujyate / mahAbhASya 1 // 3 // 1 // abhayanandI ne pUrvokta (pa0 28,Ti02) saMgraha kA vacana uddhRta karake 'maGgalArthaH, 30 ke sthAna meM 'lakSaNArthaH' par3hA hai / jainendra vyA0 mahAvRtti 112 // 1 //

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 2. 'nyaGa ku" zabda se vikAra vA avayava artha meM 'ana' pratyaya karane para pANini ke mata meM "naiyaGkavam' prayoga hotA hai,parantu Apizali ke mata meM 'nyAGkavam' banatA hai| vastutaH ina donoM taddhitapratyayAnta prayogoM kI mUla-prakRti eka nyaGa ku zabda nahIM ho sktaa| nyaGa ku zabda 'ni+aGku' se banA hai| pUrva-pradarzita niyama ke anusAra sandhi hokara nyaGa ku aura niyaGa ku ye do rUpa baneMge / ataH niyaku se 'nayaGa kavam' aura nyaGa ku se 'nyAGkavam' prayoga upapanna hoMge / arthAt donoM taddhita-pratyayAntoM ko do vibhinna prakRtiyAM kisI samaya bhASA meM vidyamAna thIM / unameM se yaNvyavadhAna vAlI 'niyaGa ku' 10 prakRti kA bhASA se uccheda ho jAne para uttaravartI vaiyAkaraNoM ne donoM taddhitapratyayAntoM kA sambandha eka nyaGa ku zabda se jor3a diyaa| pANini ne padAntasyAnyatarasyAm (7 / 3 / 6) sUtra dvArA 'zvApadam zauvApadam jo do rUpa darzAye haiM, unakI bhI yahI gati samajhanI caahiye| 15 3. gopatha brAhmaNa 2 / 1 / 25 'trayambaka' pada kA prayoga milatA hai| vaiyAkaraNa isakI niSpatti 'tryambaka' zabda se mAnate haiN| yahAM bhI 'tri+ambaka' meM pUrvokta niyamAnusAra sandhi hone se 'triyambaka' aura 'tryambaka' do zabda niSpanna hote haiN| ataH trayambaka pada kI niSpatti 'triyambaka' zabda se mAnanI cAhiye / mahAbhASyakAra ne 1. kuraGgasadRzo vikaTabahuviSANaH [mRgavizeSaH] / aSTAGgahRdaya, hemAdriTIkA sUtrasthAna 3 // 50 // . 2. Apizalistu-nyaGkocbhAvaM zAsti, nyAGkavaM carma / ujjva. uNAdivRtti pRSTha 11 / tulanA karo-nyAGkavamiti smRtyantare pratiSedha prArabhyate nyAGkavamiti / bhartRhari, mahAbhASyadIpikA,pRSTha 100 (pUnA saMska0) / nyaGko25 stu pUrve akRtaijAgamasyAbhyudayAGgatAM smaranti / yathAhuH-nyako: pratiSedhAnnyA Gkavam iti / vAkyapadIya vRSabhadeva TIkA pR0 55 / nyaGkorveti kecit, nyAGkavama, naiyaGkavam / prakriyA-kaumudI bhAga 1, pR0 815 / prakriyAsarvasya taddhita prakaraNa, sUtra 452, madrAsa saMska0, pR0 72 / dekho-sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa kA 30 'nyakozca' (7 / 1 / 23) sUtra / 3. nAvaJceH / paJcapAdI uNAdi 1 / 17; dazapAdI uNAdi 13102 / / 4. na yvAbhyAM padAntAbhyAM pUrvI tu tAbhyAmaic / aSTA0 7 / 3 / 3 //

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saMskRta bhASA kI pravRtti, vikAsa aura hrAsa 31 'iyaDAdiprakaraNe tanvAdInAM chandasi bahulam" vAttika para nimna vaidika udAharaNa diye haiM tanvaM puSema, tanuvaM puSena / vidhvaM pazya, viSuvaM pazya / svarga lokam suvarga lokam / tryambakaM yajAmahe, triyambakaM yajAmahe / ___mahAbhASyakAra ne yahA~ spaSTatayA tryambaka aura triyambaka donoM 5 padoM kA pRthak-pRthak prayoga darzAyA hai / vaidika-vAGa maya ke upalabhyamAna granthoM meM kaTha kapiSThala saMhitA aura baudhAyana gahyasUtra' meM triyambaka pada kA prayoga milatA hai| mahAbhArata meM bhI triyambaka pada kA prayoga upalabdha hotA hai| kAlidAsa ne kumArasambhava meM triyambaka aura tryambaka donoM padoM kA prayoga kiyA hai / zivapurANa 6 / 4 / 77 10 meM bhI triyambaka pada prayukta hai| isa prakAra vaidika tathA laukika ubhayavidha vAGamaya meM 'triyambaka' pada kA nirvAdha prayoga upalabdha hotA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki 'trayambaka' kI mUla prakRti 'triyambaka' hai, tryambaka nhiiN| ___ isI prakAra pANinIya gaNapATha 7 / 3 / 4 meM paThita 'svara' zabda ke 15 udAharaNa kAzikAvRtti meM 'svarbhavaH sauvaH / avyayAnAM bhamAtre TilopaH / svargamanamAha sauvargamanikaH' diye haiN| taitirIya saMhitA meM 'svara' ke sthAna meM sarvatra 'suvar' zabda kA prayoga milatA hai, ataH 1. mahAbhASya 6 / 4 / 77 // 2. ava devaM triyambakam, triyambakaM yajAmahe / kaTha-kapiSThala 7 / 10 / sampA- 20 daka ne hastalekha meM vidyamAna mUla zuddha 'triyambaka' pATha ko sAdhAraNa vyAkaraNa ke niyamAnusAra badalakara 'tryambaka' chApA hai / dekho pRSTha 87, Ti. 1,3 3. bau0 gRhyazeSa sUtra 3 / 11, pR0 266 / . 4. yema devastriyambakaH / zAntiparva 66 / 33 / / kumbhaghoNa saMskaraNa / triyambako vizvarUpaH / sabhAparva 10 / 21 / pUnA saMskaraNa / 25 5. triyambakaM saMyaminaM dadarza / 3 / 44 / / vyakIryata tryambakapAdamUle / 3 / 61 / / kumArasaMbhava 3 / 44 para aruNagirinAtha likhatA hai--'chandovicitikAraiH iyaGa uvaG AdezasyoktatvAt' / nArAyaNa ne isa pada para 'triyambakaM nAnyamupAsthitAsau-iti bhartRhariprayogAt' pATha uddhRta kiyA hai| 6. paJcavaktrAstriyambakAH / rasArNava tantra 260 // 30

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32 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 'sauvaH " kA sambandha 'suvar' aura 'sauvargamanikaH' kA 'suvargamana' se se mAnanA adhika yukta hai / 1 hamArA vicAra hai pANinIya vyAkaraNa meM jahAM-jahAM aic zrAgama kA vidhAna kiyA hai, vahAM sarvatra isa prakAra kI upapatti ho sakatI 5 hai / hamAre isa vicAra kA poSaka eka prAcIna vacana bhI upalabdha hotA hai / bhagavAn pataJjali ne mahAbhASya 1 / 4 / 2 meM pUrvAcAryoM kA eka sUtra uddhRta kiyA hai - 'voraci vRddhiprasaGge iyuvau bhavataH / isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki pUrvAcArya 'vi + prakaraNa + zraN' aura ' su + zrazva + aN' isa avasthA meM vRddhi kI prApti meM yaNAdeza ko 10 bAdhakara 'iya' 'uv' pradeza karate the / arthAt vRddhi karane se pUrva 'viyAkaraNa' aura 'suvazva' prakRti banA lete the, aura tatpazcAt vRddhi karate the / pratIta hotA hai jaba yaNvyavadhAna vAle padoM kA bhASA se uccheda ho gayA, taba vaiyAkaraNoM ne una se niSpanna taddhita pratyayAnta prayogoM 15 kA sambandha tatsamAnArthaka yaNAdeza vAle zabdAntaroM ke sAtha kara diyA / 4. pANini ne prAcIna paramparA ke anusAra eka sUtra par3hA hai'lohitAdiDAjbhyaH kyaS / tadanusAra 'lohitAdigaNapaThita' 'nIla harita' Adi zabdoM se 'vA kyaSaH '' sUtra se nIlAyati, nIlAyate; hari20 tAyati, haritAyate do-do prayoga banate haiM / lohitAdi0 sUtra para vArtika kAra kAtyAyana ne likhA hai - lohitaDAjbhyaH kyaJ vacanam, bhRzAdivitarANi' / arthAt lohitAdigaNapaThita zabdoM meM se kevala lohita zabda se kyaS kahanA cAhiye, zeSa nIla harita Adi zabd bhRzAdigaNa meM par3hane cAhiyeM / 25 bhRzAdigaNa meM par3hane se nIla lohita Adi se kyaG pratyaya hokara kevala 'nIlAyate lohitAyate' eka-eka rUpa hI niSpanna hogA / pratIta hotA hai pANini ne prAcIna vyAkaraNoM ke anusAra nIla harita prAdi 1. tasya zrotraM sauvam / zata0 8 | 1 | 2|5|| 3. aSTA0 1|3|10|| 2. aSTA0 3|1|13 // 4. adhika sambhava hai yaha mahAbhASyakAra kA vacana ho /

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5 saMskRta bhASA kI pravRtti, vikAsa aura hrAsa zandoM ke do-do prakAra ke prayogoM kA sAdhutva darzAyA thA, parantu vAttikakAra' ke samaya inake parasmaipada ke prayoga naSTa ho gaye the| ata eva usane lohitAdigaNa meM nIla lohita Adi zabdoM kA pATha vyartha samajhakara bhRzAdi meM par3hane kA anurodha kiyaa| yadi aisA na mAnA jAya, to pANini kA lohitAdigaNa kA pATha pramAdapATha hogaa| 5 5. mahAbhASya meM aneka sthAnoM para 'aviravikanyAya' kA ullekha karate huye likhA hai-'avermAsam' isa vigraha meM avi zabda se taddhitotpatti na hokara 'avika' zabda se taddhita-pratyaya hotA hai, aura 'Avika' prayoga banatA hai| yahAM spaSTa prAvika kI mUla prakRti avika mAnI hai| parantu vaiyAkaraNa usakA vigraha 'avikasya mAMsam' nahIM karate, 10 'avemIsam' aisA hI karate haiM / yadi isake mUla kAraNa para dhyAna diyA jAya to spaSTa hogA ki loka meM prAvika kI mUla prakRti avika kA prayoga na rahane para usakA vigraha'avikasya mAMsam' karanA chor3a diyA, aura avi zabda se usakA sambandha jor3a diyaa| strIliGga 'avikA' zabda kA prayoga Rgveda 111267;atharva 201126 / 17 aura Rgveda 15 khila 5 / 15 / 5 meM milatA hai / ataH 'avika' zabda kI sattA meM koI sandeha nahIM ho sktaa| 6. 'kAnIna' pada kI siddhi ke liye pANini ne sUtra racA haikanyAyAH kanIna c| isakA artha hai-kanyA se apatya artha meM aNa pratyaya hotA hai, aura kanyA ko kanIna Adeza ho jAtA hai / veda meM bAlaka artha meM 'kanIna' zabda kA prayoga asakRt upalabdha hotA hai| avestA meM kanyA artha meM kanInA kA apabhraMza 'kainIna' kA prayoga milatA hai| isase pratIta hotA hai ki jisa prakAra 'zavati' mUla prakRti kA AryAvartIya bhASA meM prayoga na hone para bhI usase niSpanna 1. bhASyavacana pakSa meM pataJjali ke samaya / 2. tatra dvayoH zabdayoH samAnArthayorekena vigraho'parasmAdutpattirbhaviSyatyaviravikanyAyena / tadyathA--pravemausamiti vigRhya avikazabdAdutpattirbhavati Avikamiti / 4 / 1 / 18; 4 / 2 / 60; 4 / 2 / 131; 5 / 1 / 7, 28 ityAdi / 3. aSTA0 4 / 1 / 116 // 4. dra0 pUrva pRSTha 12, Ti. // 5. dra0 pUrva pRSTha 12, Ti0 3 / / 30

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34 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 'zava' zabda kA prayoga yahAM kI bhASA meM upalabdha hotA hai, usI prakAra kAnIna kI mUla prakRti kanInA kA prayoga bhI AryAvartIya bhASA meM na rahA ho, kintu usase niSpanna kAnIna kA vyavahAra AryAvartIya saMskRta-bhASA meM hotA hai / avestA meM 'kainIna' kA vyavahAra batA rahA hai ki IrAniyoM kI prAcIna bhASA meM 'kanInA' pada kA prayoga hotA thA / pANini-prabhRti vaiyAkaraNoM ne bhAratIya-bhASA meM kanInA kA vyavahAra na hone se usase niSpanna kAnIna kA sambandha tatsamAnArthaka kanyA zabda se jor3a diyA / tadanusAra uttarakAlIna vaiyAkaraNa kAnIna kA vigraha 'kanInAyA apatyam' na karake 'kanyAyA apatyam' karane lage, aura kAnIna kI mUla prakRti kanInA ko sarvathA bhUla gye| isa vivecana se spaSTa hai ki kAnIna kI vAstavika mUla prakRti kanInA hai, kanyA nhiiN| 7. nirukta 6 / 28 meM likhA hai-'dhAmAni trayANi' bhavanti / sthAnAni, nAmAni, janmAnIti / aneka vaiyAkaraNa niruktakAra ke 15 'trayANi' pada ko asAdhu mAnate haiM, kintu yaha ThIka nahIM hai / 'tri' zabda kA samAnArthaka 'traya' svatantra zabda hai| vaidika granthoM meM isakA prayoga bahadhA milatA hai| sAMkhya darzana 5 / 118 meM bhI isa kA prayoga upalabdha hotA hai| laukika-saMskRta meM tri zabda ke SaSThI ke bahuvacana meM 'trayANAm' prayoga hotA hai| pANini ne traya Adeza kA vidhAna 20 kiyA hai| veda meM 'trINAm' 'trayANAm' donoM prayoga hote haiN| inameM spaSTatayA 'trINAm' tri zabda ke SaSThI vibhakti kA bahuvacana hai, aura 1. dra0 pUrva pRSTha 11 / 2. tulanA karo--'brahmaNo nAmAni trayANi' / svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI kRta uNAdikoSa 11132 // 3. hemacandra ne uNAdi 367 meM akArAnta 'traya' zabda kA sAdhutva darzAyA 25 4. Rgveda 10 / 45 / 2; yajurveda 12 / 16; 2011; R0 6 / 27 meM prayukta 'trayayAyyaH' meM bhI pUrvapada 'traya' akArAnta hai / 5. dvayoriva trayasyApi dRSTatvAt / 6. strayaH / aSTA0 71153 / / 7. kAzikA 71153 / / trINAmityapi bhavati / 30

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saMskRta bhASA kI pravRtti, vikAsa aura hrAsa 35 'trayANAm' traya zabda kA / tri aura traya donoM samAnArthaka haiN| pratIta hotA hai ki tri zabda ke SaSThI ke bahuvacana 'trINAm' kA prayoga loka meM lupta ho gayA, usake sthAna meM tatsamAnArthaka traya kA 'trayANAm' prayoga vyavahRta hone lagA, aura traya kI anya vibhaktiyoM ke prayoga naSTa ho gaye saMskRta se lupta hue 'trINAm' pada kA apabhraMza 'tiham' 5 prAkRta meM prayukta hotA hai / bhASA meM 'tInhoM kA prayoga meM 'tInhoM' prAkRta ke 'tiNham' kA apabhraMza hai| 8. pANini ne SaSThayanta se tRc aura aka pratyayAnta ke samAsa kA niSedha kiyA hai| parantu svayaM 'janikartuH prakRtiH2; 'tatprayojako hetuzca Adi meM samAsa kA prayoga kiyA hai| isa viSaya meM do 10 kalpanAeM ho sakatI haiN| prathama-pANini ne sUtroM meM jo tRca aura aka pratyayAnta ke samAsa kA prayoga kiyA hai, vaha azuddha hai| dUsarAtaca aura aka pratyayAnta kA SaSThyanta ke sAtha samAsa ThIka hai, parantu pANini ne alpa prayoga hone se usa kA samAsa-pakSa nahIM drshaayaa| inameM dvitIya pakSa hI yukta ho sakatA hai| kyoMki pANinIya sUtra meM 15 aneka aise prayoga haiM, jo pANinIya zabdAnuzAsana se siddha nahIM hote / / pANini jaisA zabdazAstra kA prAmANika prAcArya apazabdoM kA prayoga karegA, yaha kalpanA upapanna nahIM ho sktii| vastutaH aise zabda prAcIna-bhASA meM prayukta the / rAmAyaNa mahAbhArata Adi meM tRc aura 1. kAzikA 222 // 16 // 2. aSTA0 114 // 30 // 20 3. aSTA0 114 / 55 // 4. dekho-bhAmaha kA alaGkAra 3136, 37 / / kAtyAyana bhI 3 / 1 / 26 ke 'svatantraprayojakatvAt' ityAdi vAttika meM samasta nirdeza karatA hai| 5. sUtravAttikabhASyeSu dRzyate cApazabdanam ...." / tantravArtika, zAbarabhASya, pUno saMskaraNa bhAga 1, pRSTha 260 / sarvadarzanasaMgraha meM pANini-darzana meM 25 likhA hai--'loka meM samAsa ho jAtA hai, parantu niSedha vaidika prayogoM ke liye svaravizeSa ke kAraNa kiyA hai| 6. yathA--purANa 413 / 105, sarvanAma 111 / 17, granthavAcI-brAhmaNa zabda 4 / 3 / 105, ityAdi / vaiyAkaraNa inheM nipAtana (pANinIya-vyavahAra) se sAdhu mAnate haiM / yadi ye prayoga sAdhu haiM, to pANini ke, tiryaci' (3 / 4 / 60) 30 'anvaci' (3 / 4 / 64) Adi prayoga sAdhu loka-vyavahArya kyoM nahIM ?

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saMskRta vyAkaraNazAstra kA itihAsa aka pratyayAntoM ke sAtha SaSThI kA samAsa prAyaH dekhA jAtA hai| aSTAdhyAyI meM aneka prApavAdika niyama chor3a diye gaye haiN| ataeva mahAbhASyakAra ne likhA hai-'naikamudAharaNaM yogArambhaM prayojayati' / " 6. pANinIya vyAkaraNAnusAra 'vadha' dhAtu kA prayoga AziSi / 5 liGa, luGa, aura kvan pratyaya ke atirikta nahIM hotaa| nAgeza mahAbhASya 2 / 4 / 43 ke vivaraNa meM svatantra 'vadha' dhAtu kI sattA kA pratiSedha karatA hai| parantu vaizeSika darzana meM 'vadhati aura Apa. stamba yajJaparibhASA meM 'vadhyante prayoga upalabdha hotA hai| kAzikA 7 / 3 / 35 meM vAmana svatantra 'vadha' dhAtu kI sattA svIkAra karatA hai|' haima-nyAyasaMgraha kI svopajJa TIkA meM hemahaMsagaNi 'vadha' dhAtu kA nirdeza karatA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki kabhI atiprAcIna kAla meM 'vadha' dhAtu ke prayoga saba lakAroM tathA saba prakriyAoM meM hote the| 1. mahAbhASya 7 / 196 // tulanA karo- 'nakaM prayojanaM yogArambhaM prayoja. yati' / mahAbhASya 111 / 12, 41; 3 / 1167 // bhartRhari ne likhA hai- 'saMjJA 15 aura paribhASA sUtra eka prayojana ke liye nahIM banAye jAte, prayogasAdhaka sUtra eka prayojana ke liye bhI race jAte haiM' (bhASyaTIkA 11141) / yaha kathana sarvAMza meM ThIka nahIM / mahAbhASya 7 / 1166 ke uparyukta pATha se spaSTa hai kieka udAharaNa ke liye prayogasAdhaka sUtra racA hI jAve, yaha Avazyaka mahIM hai / tulanA karo--'nakamudAharaNaM hrasvagrahaNaM prayojayati' / mahAbhASya 6 / 4 / 3 tathA 20 'nakamudAharaNamasavarNagrahaNaM prayojayati / mahA0 6 / 1 / 12 // navya vyAkhyAkAra "nakamudAharaNaM sAmAnyasUtraM prayojayati, yathA 'agneDha k' (4 / 2 / 33) sthAne na 'ikArAntADhak' ityevaM paThyate" aisA kahate haiN| 2. hano vadha liGi, luGi ca, AtmanepadeSvanyatarasyAm / aSTA0 2 / 4 / 42, 43,44 // 3. hano vadha ca / uNA0 2 / 38 // 25 4. svatantro vadhadhAtustu nAstyeva // 5. na dravyaM kArya kAraNaM ca vadhati / 1 / 1 / 12 // 6. prakaraNena vidhayo vadhyante / 1 / 2 / 27 // tulanA karo--'vadhyate yAstu vAhayan' manu0 3 / 68 // 7. vadhi. prakRtyantaraM vyaJjanAnto'sti / tulanA karo-'vadhiH prakRtyanta30 ram / ' jaina zAkaTAyana amodhAvRtti tathA laghuvRtti 4 / 2 / 122 // 8. vagha hiMsAyAm / vadhati / pRSTha 143 /

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saMskRta bhASA kI pravRtti, vikAsa aura hrAsa 37 10: bhaTToji dIkSita ne zabdakaustubha 1 / 1 / 27 meM likhA haicAkravarmaNa prAcArya ke mata meM 'dvaya' zabda kI sarvanAma saMjJA hotI thii|' tadanusAra 'dvaye, dvayasmai, dvayasmAta, dvayeSAma, dvayasmin' prayoga bhI sAdhu the| parantu pANini ke vyAkaraNAnusAra 'dvaya' zabda kI kevala prathamA vibhakti ke bahavacana meM vikalpa se sarvanAma saMjJA hotI hai| mAgha 5 kavi ne zizupAlavadha meM 'dvayeSAm' pada kA prayoga kiyaa| 11. prAkRta-bhASA meM deva Adi akArAnta puMlliGga zabda ke tRtIyA vibhakti ke bahavacana meM 'devehi' Adi prayoga hote haiN| arthAt 'bhis' ko 'ais' nahIM hotA / prAkRta ke niyamAnusAra 'bhis' ke bhakAra ko hakAra hotA hai, aura sakAra kA lopa ho jAtA hai| 10 apabhraMza zabdoM kI utpatti loka-prayukta zabdoM se hotI hai, ataH prAkRta ke 'devehi' Adi prayogoM se siddha hai ki kabhI laukika-saMskRta meM 'devebhiH' Adi zabdoM kA prayoga hotA thA, veda meM 'devebhiH' 'karNabhiH' Adi prayoga prasiddha haiM / pANinIya vyAkaraNAnusAra loka meM 'devebhiH' Adi prayoga nahIM banate / kAtantra vyAkaraNa kevala laukika-bhASA kA 15 vyAkaraNa hai, parantu usameM 'bhis ais vA' sUtra upalabdha hotA hai| 1. 'yatta kazcidAha cAkravarmaNavyAkaraNe dvayapadasyApi sarvanAmatAbhyupagamAt' / bhaTToji dIkSita cAkravarmaNa ke mata kA nirdeza karake bhI usake mata kA nirAkaraNa karatA hai| navIna vaiyAkaraNoM kA 'yathottaramunInAM prAmANyam' mata vyAkaraNa-zAstra-viruddha hai / kvacit matabheda se do prakAra ke rUpa niSpanna hone para 20 donoM hI prayogArha svIkRta hote haiM / mahAbhASyakAra ne likhA hai-'ihAnye vaiyAkaraNA mRjerajAdau saMkrame vibhASA vRddhimArabhante, tadihApi sAdhyam' (1 / 1 / 3) / pANini ke matAnusAra 'mRjanti' rUpa hI honA cAhiye / parantu bhASyakAra ne yahAM anya vaiyAkaraNoM dvArA nirdiSTa rUpAntaroM ko bhI 'sAdhya' kahA hai| ataH 'yathottaramunInAM prAmANyam' mata sarvathA cintya hai| 25 2. aSTA0 1 / 1 / 3 / 3 / 3. vyathAM dvayeSAmapi medinIbhRtAm / 12 / 13 // hemacandra ise apapATha mAnatA hai / dekho haimavyA0 bRhadvRtti pRSTha 74 / 4. bhiso hi / vAraruca prAkRtaprakAza 5 / 5 // yathA--siddhehi NANAvidheha, hiGaguviddhehi ityAdi / bhAsanATakacakra pRSTha 165 / / pAli meM 'devehi devebhi' 30 donoM prayoga hote haiN| 5. 2 / 1 / 18 //

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38 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa isake anusAra loka meM 'bevebhiH, devaiH' Adi donoM prakAra ke prayoga siddha hote haiM / baudhAyana dharmasUtra 3 / 2 / 16 meM eka prAcIna zloka uddhata hai| usa meM 'tebhiH' aura 'taH' donoM pada eka sAtha prayukta haiN|' kAtantra ke TIkAkAroM ne isa bAta ko na samajha kara 'bhis ais vA' 5 sUtra ke artha meM jo kliSTa kalpanA kI hai, vaha cintya hai| kAtantra vyAkaraNa kAzakRtsna vyAkaraNa kA saMkSipta saMskaraNa hai, yaha hama Age kAtantra ke prakaraNa meM sapramANa drshaaeNge| ataH usa meM kucha prAcIna aMza kA vidyamAna rahanA svabhAvika hai| vastutaH aistva kA vikalpa mAnanA hI yukta hai| isI se mahAbhArata (Adi0 126 / 23) tathA 10 AyurvedIya caraka saMhitA kA imaiH prayoga upapanna ho jAtA hai / 12. kAtantra vyAkaraNa ke 'ar Dau' sUtra kI vRtti meM durgasiMha likhatA hai-yogavibhAgAt pitarastarpayAmaH / arthAt -'ar' kA yogavibhAga karane se zas pare rahane para RkArAnta zabda ko 'ara' Adeza hotA hai / yathA-pitarastarpayAmaH / vaidika granthoM meM aise prayoga bahudhA 15 upalabdha hote haiM, parantu laukika-bhASA ke vyAkaraNAnusAra aise prayogoM kA sAdhutva darzAnA atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai| durgasiMha ne avazya yaha bAta prAcIna-vRttiyoM se lI hogii| pAli meM dvitIyA ke bahuvacana meM 'pitaro, pitare' rUpa bhI hote haiM / ye prayoga kAtantra nirdiSTa mata ko sudRr3ha karate haiN| 13. pANini jina prayogoM ko kevala chAndasa mAnatA hai una ke liye sUtra meM 'chandasi, nigame' Adi zabdoM kA prayoga karatA hai| ataH jina sUtroM meM pANini ne vizeSa nirdeza nahIM kiyA, una se niSpanna zabda avazya loka-bhASA meM prayukta the, aisA mAnanA hogA / pANini apanI aSTAdhyAyI meM cAra sUtra par3hatA hai arvnnstrsaavnnyH| maghavA bahulam / dIdhIvevITAm / indhibhavatibhyAM c| 1. mRgaiH saha parispandaH saMvAsastebhireva ca / taireva sadRzI vRttiH pratyakSa svargalakSaNam // 2. dIrghakAlasthitaM granthi bhindyAdvA bheSajairimaiH / cikitsA 211127 // 30 nedamadasorakoH (7 / 1 / 11) niyama kA apvaad| 3. 2 / 1166 // 4. aSTA0 6 / 4 / 127 // 5. aSTA0 6 / 4 / 128 // 6. aSTA0 1 // 16 // 7. aSTA0 1 / 2 / 6 //

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saMskRta bhASA kI pravRtti, vikAsa aura hrAsa 36 prathama do sUtroM seH 'arvantau, arvantaH; maghavantau, maghavantaH' Adi prayoga niSpanna hote haiN| pataJjali ina sUtroM ko chAndasa mAnatA hai|' kAtantra-vyAkaraNa meM uparyukta prayogoM ke sAdhaka, arvannarvantirasAvanan, sau ca maghavAn maghavA' sUtra upalabdha hote haiM / kAtantra kevala laukika-saMskRta kA vyAkaraNa hai, aura vaha bhI atyanta saMkSipta / ataH 5 usa meM ina sUtroM ke vidyamAna hone aura pANinIya sUtroM meM 'chandasi' pada kA prayoga na hone se spaSTa hai ki 'arvantau' Adi prayoga kabhI laukika-saMskRta meM vidyamAna the / ataeva kAtantra kI vRttiTIkA meM durgasiMha likhatA hai___ chandasyatau yogAviti bhASyakAro bhASate / zarvavarmaNo vacanAd 10 bhaassaayaampyvsiiyte| tathA ca-maghavadvavalajjAnidAne zlathIkRtapragrahamarvatAM vraja iti dRzyate / arthAt-mahAbhASyakAra ina sUtroM ko chAndasa mAnatA hai, parantu zarvavarmA ke vacana se ina zabdoM kA prayoga bhASA meM bhI nizcita hotA hai / jaisA ki 'maghavad' Adi zloka meM ina kA prayoga upalabdha hotA 15 __ pANini ke antima do sUjJoM meM dIdhIGa, vevIGa aura indhI dhAtuoM kA nirdeza hai / mahAbhASyakAra inheM chAndasa mAnatA hai / ' kAtantra ke 'dIdhIvevyozca, parokSAyAmindhizranthigranthidambhInAmaguNe" ___ 1. arvaNastR maghonazca na ziSyaM chAndasaM hi tat / mahAbhASya 6 / 4 / 127, 20 128 // 2. kAtantra 2 / 3 / 22 // 3. kAtantra 2 / 3 / 23 // 4. kAtantravRtti pariziSTa, pR0 463 / bhASAvRtti 6 / 4 / 128 meM upari nirdiSTa uddharaNoM kA pATha isa prakAra hai -kathaM 'zlathIkRtapragrahamarvatAM vrajam' iti mAghaH, 'maghavadvajralajjAnidAnam' iti vyoSaH ? 5. dIghIvevyozchandoviSayatvAt / mahAbhASya 1 / 1 / 6 // indhezchandoviSayatvAt / mahAbhASya // 2 // 6 // haradatta bhASA meM bhI indhI kA prayoga mAnatA hai| vaha likhatA hai-'evaM tahi jJApanArthamindhigrahaNam-etajjJApayati indherbhASAyAmapya. nitya prAmiti / samIdhe samIghAM cakra iti bhASAyAmapi bhavati' / padamaJjarI bhAga 1, pRSTha 153 / 6. kAtantra 37 // 15 // 7. kAtantra 38 // 3 // 25

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa sUtroM meM ina dhAtutroM kA ullekha milatA hai / prathama sUtra kI vRtti meM durgasiMha ne likhA hai - 'chAndasAvetau dhAtu ityeke' / ' isa para trilocana - dAsa likhatA hai - chAndasAviti / zarvavarmaNastu vacanAd bhASAyAmapyavasIyate / 5 nAyaM chAndasAn zabdAn vyutpAdayatIti / ' 10 40 AcArya candragomI ne apane vyAkaraNa ke laukika bhAga meM liTIndhizranyagranyAm" sUtra meM indhI dhAtu kA nirdeza kiyA hai, aura svopajJa vRtti meM 'samodhe' Adi prayoga darzAye haiM / ataH usa ke mata meM 'indhI' kA prayoga bhASA meM avazya hotA hai / pAtyakIrti viracita jaina zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa kevala laukika15 saMskRta bhASA kA hai, parantu usa meM bhI indhI se vikalpa se prAm kA vidhAna kiyA / " 20 arthAt - bhASyakAra ke mata meM dIdhIGa vevIGa chAndasa dhAtueM haiM, parantu zarvavarmA ke vacana se ina kA laukika saMskRta meM bhI prayoga nizcita hotA hai / kyoM ki zarvavarmA chAndasa zabdoM kA vyutpAdana nahIM karatA hai / isI prakAra mahAbhASyakAra dvArA chAndasa mAnI gaI vaza kAntau dhAtu kA bhI loka meM vyavahAra dekhA jAtA hai / " 1. kAtantravRtti 3 | 5 | 15 // 2. kAtantravRtti pariziSTa pRSTha 530 / 3. svAdigaNa ke anta meM paThita graha dagha camu RkSi Adi dhAtutroM ko pANini ne chAndasa mAnA hai / kAzakRtsna aura usake anuyAyI kAtantrakAra tathA candra ne inheM chAndasa nahIM maanaa| dra0 - kSIrataraGgiNI pRSTha 231 Ti0 2 kA uttarArdha ( hamArA saMskaraNa) / 25 4. cAndra vyAkaraNa meM svaraprakriyA bhI thii| isake aneka pramANa usakI svopajJavRtti (1 / 1 / 23, 105, 108 ityAdi) meM upalabdha hote haiM / isakI vizeSa vivecanA isI grantha ke ' cAndra - vyAkaraNa - prakaraNa' meM kI hai / 5. cAndra vyA0 3 / 5 / 25 / / 6. jAgruSasamindhe vA / 1 / 4 / 84 // 30 7. 'vaSTi bhAgurirallopam' meM tathA yajurbhASya 78 ke anvaya meM 'tvAM cAha vazmi' (svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI) /

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Ae 6 saMskRta bhASA kI pravRtti, vikAsa aura hrAsa 41 ina uddharaNoM se vyakta hai ki saMskRta-bhASA meM aneka zabda aise haiM, jina kA pahale loka meM nirvAdha prayoga hotA thaa| parantu kAlAntara meM una kA loka-bhASA se prAyaH uccheda ho gayA, aura adhikatara prAcIna ArSa-vAGamaya meM una kA prayoga sImita raha gayA / ataH uttaravartI vaiyAkaraNa unheM kevala chAndasa mAnane laga gye| 14. pANini ke uttaravartI mahAkavi bhAsa ke nATakoM meM pacAsoM aise prayoga milate haiM, jo pANini-vyAkaraNa-sammata nahIM haiN| unheM sahasA apazabda nahIM kaha sakate / avazya ve prayoga kisI prAcIna vyAkaraNAnusAra sAdhu rahe hoNge| yahAM hama usa ke kevala do prayogoM kA nirdeza karate haiM__rAjan-uttarapada ke nakArAnta ke prayoga pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke anusAra sAdhu nahIM haiN| una se aSTAdhyAyI 5461 ke niyama se Tac pratyaya hokara ve akArAnta bana jAte haiM / yathA kAzIrAjaH mahArAjaH / parantu bhAsa ke nATakoM kI saMskRta aura prAkRta donoM meM nakArAnta uttarapada ke prayoga milate haiM / yathA__ kaashiraajnye| srvraajnyH| mahArAjAnam / mahArANNA (= mhaaraajnyaa)| ye prayoga nissandeha prAcIna haiN| vaidika-sAhitya meM to ina kA prayoga hotA hI hai, parantu mahAbhArata Adi meM bhI aise aneka prayoga upalabdha hote haiN| yathA-sarvarAjJAm -prAdiparva 1 / 150; 163 / 6; 20 nAgarAjaH-pAdiparva 18 / 14; zalyaparva 20 / 27; matsyarAjJAAdiparva 1 / 171; virATaparva 30 // 4 // vastutaH nakArAnta rAjan aura akArAnta rAja do svatantra zabda haiM / jaba samAsa ke vinA prakArAnta rAja ke aura tatpuruSa samAsa meM nakArAnta rAjan uttarapada ke prayoga virala ho gaye, taba vaiyAkaraNoM 25 1. dekho bhAsanATakacakra, pariziSTa B, pRSTha 568-573 / 2. bhAsanATakacakra pRSTha 187 / 3. bhAsanATakacana 3 445 / 4.' yajJaphalanATaka pRSTha 28, 66 / 5. yajJaphalanATaka pRSTha 50 / 6. yAni devarAjJAM sAmAni...."yAni manuSyarAjJAm ...... / tANDya bA0 18 / 10 // 5 //

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42 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ne naSTAzvadagdharatha nyAya' se donoM ko paraspara meM sambaddha kara diyaa| akArAnta rAja zabda kA prayoga mahAbhArata meM upalabdha bhI hotA hai|' isI prakAra akArAnta aha zabda kA bhI prayoga dekhA jAtA hai| kuNDonI ghaTonI Adi prayogoM kI siddhi ke liye pANini dvArA Udhaso'naGa sUtra' se 'Udhas' ko anaG Adeza karake niSpanna kiyA gayA nakArAnta Udhan zabda ke veda meM bahudhA svatantra prayoga upalabdha hote haiM / yathA___ Udhana (R0 1 / 152 / 6); Udhani (R0 1152 / 3); UdhabhiH (R0 8 / 6 / 16); UnaH (R0 4 / 22 / 6) / 10 hamArA to mantavya hai ki pANini ne jahAM-jahAM lopa Agama varNa vikAra dvArA rUpAntara kA pratipAdana kiyA hai, ve rUpa prAcInakAla meM saMskRta-bhASA meM svatantra rUpa se labdhapracAra the| una kA loka meM aprayoga ho jAne para pANini Adi ne unase niSpanna vyAvahArika bhASA meM avaziSTa zabdoM kA anvAkhyAna karane ke liye lopa pAgama 15 varNavikAra Adi kI kalpanA kI hai| 15. bhAsa ke abhiSeka nATaka meM viMzati' ke artha meM "viMzat' zabda kA prayoga upalabdha hotA hai| yaha pANinIya vyAkaraNAnusAra asAdhu hai| purANoM meM aneka sthAnoM para 'viMzat' zabda kA prayoga milatA hai / yathA 20 1. tavAzvo naSTaH, mamApi rathaM dagdham, ityubhau saMprayujyAvahe / mahAbhASya 111 // 50 // 2. rAjAya prayatemahi / Adi0 64 / 44 // 3. aSTA0 5 / 4 / 131 // ____4. isa prakAra kI vyAkhyA ke liye dekhiye - isI grantha ke anta meM dvitIya 25 pariziSTa-pANinIya vyAkaraNa kI vaijJAnika vyAkhyA', 'AdibhASAyAM prayujya mAnAnAm apANinIyaprayogANAM sAdhutvavicAraH' pustikA tathA 'RSi dayAnanda kI pada-prayogazailI' pRSTha 4-17 / hamane samasta pANinIya tantra kI isa prakAra kI sodAharaNa vaijJAnika vyAkhyA likhane ke liye sAmagrI saMkalita kara lI hai, parantu zArIrika asvasthatA ke kAraNa isa kA likhA jAnA saMdigdha hai / 30 5. vizvalokavijayavikhyAtaviMzadbAhuzAlini / bhAsanATakacakra pR0 359 /

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saMskRta bhASA kI pravRtti, vikAsa aura hrAsa 43 aikSvAkavazcaturvizat pAJcAlAH saptaviMzatiH / kAzeyAstu caturvizad aSTAviMzatihahayaH // ' nArada manusmRti meM bhI 'catuvizad' zabda kA prayoga upalabdha hotA hai| trigarta kI eka prAcIna vaMzAvalI kA pATha hai-'lakSmIcandrapUrvato'bhUt paJcaviMzattamo nRpaH / yaha vaMzAvalI zrI paM0 bhagavaddata jI ko 5 jvAlAmukhI se prApta huI thii| __vastutaH prAcIna-kAla meM saMskRta-bhASA meM viMzati-viMzat; trizati-triMzat catvAriMzati-catvAriMzat' Adi do-do prakAra ke zabda the| trizati aura catvAriMzati ke nimna prayoga darzanIya haiM. dvAtriMzatiH / pArjiTara dvArA saMpA0 kalirAjavaMza, pRSTha 16,32 / 10 rAgAH SaTtriMzatiH / paJcatantra 5153 / kAzI saMskaraNa / .varNAH SaTtriMzatiH / paJcatantra 5 / 41, puurnnbhdrpaatth| - vaimAnikagativaicitryAdidvAtriMzatikriyAyoge "sphoTAyanAcAryaH / bhAradvAjIya vimAnazAstra / SatriMzati trayANAm / vArAhagRhya 6 / 26, lAhaura saMskaraNa / 15 aSTAcatvAriMzati sarveSAm / vArAhagRhya 6 / 26, lAhaura saMskaraNa / saMskRta-bhASA ke ina dvividha prayogoM meM se triMzati catvAriMzati Adi 'ti' anta vAle zabdoM ke apabhraMza aMgrejI Adi bhASAoM meM Ti phoTi phiphTI Adi rUpoM meM vyavahRta hote haiM / mahAkavi bhAsa ke nATakoM ko dekhane se vidita hotA hai ki usane 20 pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke niyamoM kA pUrNa anusaraNa nahIM kiyaa| ataeva 1. pArjiTara sampAdita kalirAjavaMza pRSTha 23 / pUnA saMskaraNa kA pATha isa prakAra hai-kAlakAstu caturviMzaccaturvizattu haihayaH / 66 / 322 / / ___ 2. caturvizat samAkhyAtaM bhUmestu parikalpanam / divya prakaraNa zloka 13, pRSTha 165 / . 3. vaidika vAGmaya kA itihAsa' bhAga 1, pRSTha 120 (dvi0 saMskaraNa) / 4. hArDavarDa oriyaNTala sIrija meM prakAzita / ' 5. 'zilpa-saMsAra' 16 pharavarI 1655 ke aGka meM pRSTha 122 para / aba isa grantha kA bahuta sA aMza svAmI brahmamunijI ke udyoga se svatantra rUpa meM prakAzita ho gayA hai /

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44 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa mahArAjAdhirAja samudragupta ne apane kRSNacarita' meM bhAsa ke saMbandha meM likhA hai-- ayaM ca nAnvayAt pUrNa dAkSiputrapadakramam // 6 // sambhava hai, bhAsa ati prAcIna kavi ho, aura usa ke samaya meM tatprayukta apANinIya zabda loka-bhASA meM prayukta raheM hoM, athavA usane kisI prAcIna vyAkaraNa ke anusAra ina kA prayoga kiyA ho| 16. laukika-saMskRta ke aise aneka prayoga haiM, jo pANinIya vyAkaraNa se siddha hote haiM, parantu pataJjali ke kAla meM una kA bhASA se prayoga lupta ho gayA thaa| yathA - - priyASTanau priyASTAnaH', enachitaka', koH', u.', kartRcA kartRce, utpuda, payasiSTha, dvH| ina prayogoM ke viSaya meM pataJjali kahatA hai-'ythaalkssnnmpryukt|" yadi isa vacana kA artha mAnA jAye ki ye zabda bhASA meM -- 1. isa grantha kA kucha aMza upalabdha huA hai / vaha goMDala (kAThiyAvAr3a) 15 meM chapA hai / isa grantha se pAzcAtya matAnuyAyiyoM kI aneka kalpanAoM kA unmUlana ho jAtA hai / kaI vidvAn ise jAla racanA batalAte haiM / paM0 bhagavaddata ne isa grantha kI prAmANikatA bhale prakAra darzAI hai| dekho, bhAratavarSa kA itihAsa, dvitIya saMska0 pRSTha 353, bhAratavarSa kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga 2, pRSTha 346 // 20 2. mahAbhASya 1 / 1 / 24 // priyASTo; priyASTAnau; priyASTAH, priyASTAna: (ubhayathApi dRzyate) / haima bRhadvRtti 2017 // 3. mahAbhASya 2 / 4 / 34 // 4. mahAbhASya 6 / 1168 // haima bRhadvRtti 2 / 1 / 60 ke kanakaprabhasUri kRta nyAsasAra (laghu-yAsa) tathA amaracandra-viracita avacUNi meM mahAbhASya kA pATha anyathA uddhRta kiyA hai-'atra bhASyam-loke prayuktAnAmidamanvAkhyAnam / loke ca 'kIt' ityeva dRzyate, na 'kIr' iti / 5. mahAbhASya 6 / 186 // .6. mahAbhASya 6 / 4 / 2 // 7. mahAbhASya 6 / 4 / 16 // 8. mahAbhASya 6 / 4 / 163 // 6. mahAbhASya 7 / 2 / 106 // 10. mahAbhASya 111 / 24; 2 / 4 / 34; 6 / 1 / 68, 86; 6 / 4 / 2, 16, 30 163; 7 / 2 / 106 //

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saMskRta bhASA kI pravRtti, vikAsa aura hrAsa 45 . bhI prayukta nahIM rahe, to mahAbhASyakAra ke pUrvoddhRta 'sarve khalvapyete zabdA dezAntareSu prayujyante' vacana se virodha hogaa| yadi ye zabda mahAbhASyakAra kI dRSTi meM sarvathA aprayukta hote, to pataJjali yathAlakSaNa prayogasiddhi kA vidhAna na karake 'anabhidhAnAnna bhavati' khtaa|' 17. mahAbhArata Adi prAcIna ArSa vAGamaya meM zatazaH aise prayoga upalabdha hote haiM, jo pANinIya vyAkaraNAnusArI nahIM haiN| arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa chandovat kavayaH kurvanti, chandovat sUtrANi bhavanti, pArSatvAt sAdhu, Adi kaha kara prakArAntara se unheM apazabda kahane kI dhRSTatA karate haiM, yaha una kA mithyA jJAna hai / zabdaprayoga 10 kA viSaya atyanta mahAn hai, ataH kisI prayoga ko kevala apANinIyatA kI vartamAna paribhASA ke anusAra apazabda nahIM kaha sakate / mahAbhArata meM prayukta apANinIya prayogoM ke viSaya meM 12 vIM zatAbdI 1. 'nahi yanna dRzyate tena na bhavitavyam / anyathA hi yathAlakSaNamaprayukteSvityetad vacanamaprayujyamAnaM syAt' / kaiyaTa bhI kahatA hai-'yasya prayogo 15 nopalabhyate tallakSaNAnusAreNa saMskartavyam / pradIpa 2 / 4 / 34 // bhaTTa kumArila ne likhA hai-'yAvAMzcAkRtako vinaSTa: zabdarAziH, tasya vyAkaraNamevaikamupalakSaNam, tadupalakSitarUpANi ca / ' tantravAttika 1 / 3 / 22; pRSTha 266 pUnA saM0 / 2. sakhinA, patinA, patau / atra haradattaH...chandovadRSayaH kurvantIti / 20 asyAyamAzaya:-asAdhava evaite trizaGkavAdyayAjyayAjanAdivat tapomAhAtmyazAlinAM munInAmasAdhuprayogo'pi nAtIva bAdhata / zabdakaustubha 147 // itihAsapurANeSu apazabdA api saMbhavanti / padamaJjarI (atha zabdAnuzAsanam' sUtra kI vyAkhyA meM) bhAga 1, pRSTha 7 // niraGkuzA hi kavayaH / padamaJjarI 2 / 4 / 2, bhAga 1, pRSTha 460 / svacchandamanuvartante, na zAstramRSayaH / padamaJjarI 6 / 4 / 74, bhAga 2, pRSTha 668 / kathaM bhASAyAM vainyo rAjeti ? chAndasa evAyaM pramAdAt kavibhiH prayuktaH / kAzikA 4 / 1 / 151 // nirukta 1 / 16 meM paThita / 'pArovaryavit' zabda ko kaiyaTa, haradatta aura bhaTToji dIkSita prabhRti sabhI navIna vaiyAkaraNa asAdhu = apazabda kahate haiM / draSTavya aSTA0 5 / 2 / 10 kA mahAbhASyapradIpa, padamaJjarI, si. kaumudI / vedaprasthAnAbhyAsena hi vAlmIkidva pAyanaprabhRtibhiH tathaiva svavAkyAni praNItAni / kumArila, tantravA0 1 / 2 / 1, pRSTha 116, pUnA saMskaraNa / mahAbhASyadIpikA 1 / 1 / 3, pRSTha 108, pUnA saM0 dr0| / 25

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa se pUrvabhAvI devabodha mahAbhArata kI jJAnadIpikA TIkA ke prArambha meM likhatA hai na dRSTa iti vaiyAse zabde mA saMzayaM kRthAH / ajJairajJAtamityevaM padaM na hi na vidyate // 7 // yAnyujjahAra mAhendrAd' vyAso vyAkaraNArNavAt / padaratnAni ki tAni santi pANinigoSpade // 8 // bhagavAn vedavyAsa kA saMskRta-bhASA kA jJAna atyanta vistRta thA / vAyupurANa 1 / 18 meM likhA hai-bhAratI caiva vipulA mahAbhArata vdhinii| 10 solahavIM zatAbdI ke prakriyAsarvasva ke kartA nArAyaNa bhaTTa ne apanI 'prapANinIya-pramANatA' nAmaka pustaka meM isa viSaya para bhale prakAra vicAra kiyA hai / yaha pustaka trivendrama se prakAzita huI hai / ' 18. itanA hI nahIM, aSTAdhyAyI meM prayukta AkArAnta znA, ktvA, Adi pratyayoM se ajAdi asarvanAmasthAna vibhaktiyoM ke pare 15 prAto dhAto: ke samAna AkAra kA lopavidhAyaka koI sUtra nahIM hai, parantu pANini ne AkAra kA lopa kiyA hai / yathA___ halaH znaH zAnajjhau / aSTA0 3 / 1 / 83 // ktvo yak / aSTA0 7 / 1 / 47 / / ktvo lyap / aSTA0 7 / 1 / 37 // mahAbhASya 11217 meM pataJjali ne bhI pANini ke samAna ktvaH 20 kA prayoga kiyA hai| kAtyAyana 'ktvA' zabda kA prayoga pAbanta zabda ke samAna karate haiM / yathA ktvAyAM kitpratiSedhaH / mahA0 1 / 2 / 1 // 1, kaI loga isa zloka meM 'mAhendrAt' ke sthAna meM 'mAhezAt' pada par3hate haiN| yaha zloka devabodhaviracita hai, aura usa kA pAThaH 'mAhendrAt' hI hai| 25 mAheza pATha aura mAheza vyAkaraNa ke liye 'maJjUSA' patrikA (kalakattA) varSa 5, aGka 8 draSTavya hai| bhASyavyAkhyA-prapaJca meM 'samudravad vyAkaraNaM mahezvare' ityAdi zlokAntara uddhRta kiyA hai| dra0--puruSottamadevIya paribhASAvRtti pariziSTa 3, pRSTha 126, vArendra risarca sosAyaTI saMskaraNa / 2. ise hama dvitIya bhAga ke anta meM prathama pariziSTa meM prakAzita kara __3. aSTA0 6 / 4 / 140 //

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saMskRta bhASA kI pravRtti, vikAsa aura hAsa 47 kAzikAkAra ne bhI 7 / 2 / 50, 54 kI vRtti meM ktvAyAm prayoga kiyA hai / sAyaNa ne dhAtuvRtti 10 / 147 ( vaJcadhAtu) meM ktvAyAm aura ktvaH donoM prayoga kiye haiM / ' ktvA' ke prabanta na hone se 'yAda' kA Agama prApta nahIM hotA hai / hamAre uparyukta vivecana se spaSTa hai ki saMskRta bhASA meM koI maulika parivartana nahIM huaa| isake viparIta pAzcAtya bhASAmatavAdiyoM kA kahanA hai ki pANini ke pazcAt saMskRta bhASA meM jo parivartana 'hue una ko darzAne ke liye kAtyAyana ne apanA vArtikapATha racA aura tadantarabhAvI parivartanoM kA nirdeza pataJjali ne apane mahAbhASya meM kiyA hai / yadyapi yaha mataM pANinIyatantra ke AdhArabhUta 10 siddhAnta 'zabdanityatva' ke to viparIta hai hI, tathApi prabhyupagamavAda se hama pAzcAtya vidvAnoM ke ukta kathana kI nissAratA darzAne ke liye yahAM eka udAharaNa upasthita karate haiM 19. pANini kA eka sUtra hai - ' cakSiGaH khyAJ' / ' isa para kAtyAyana ne vArtika par3hA hai - 'cakSiGa: kzAkhyAtrau / ' arthAt khyAJ 15 ke sAtha kzAJ pradeza kA bhI vidhAna karanA cAhiye / pAzcAtyoM ke matAnusAra isakA abhiprAya yaha hogA ki pANini ke samaya kevala khyA kA prayoga hotA thA, parantu kAtyAyana ke samaya kzAJ kA bhI prayoga hone laga gayA, ataeva usane khyAJ ke sAtha kzAJ pradeza kA bhI vidhAna kiyA / 20 hameM pAzcAtya vidvAnoM kI aisI UTapaTAMga pramANazUnya kalpanAoM para haMsI AtI hai / uparyukta vArtika ke AdhAra para kzAJ ko pANini ke pazcAt prayukta huA mAnanA sarvathA mithyA hogA / pANini dvArA smRta AcArya gArgya kzAJ ke prayoga se abhijJa thA / varNaratnadIpikA zikSA kA raciyatA amareza likhatA hai - 25 khyAdhAtoH khayayoH syAtAM kazau gArgyamate yathA / vikrayA''kzAtAm ityetat 113 isa gArgyamata kA nirdeza AcArya kAtyAyana ne vAjasaneya prAti 1. aSTA0 2 / 4 / 54 // 3. zloka 165 / zikSAsaMgraha ( kAzI saMskaraNa) pRSTha 131 // 2. mahAbhASya 2|4|54 // 30

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48 . saMskRta vyakAraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa zAkhya 4 / 167 ke 'khyAteH khayau, kazau gArgyaH, sakkhyokkhyamukkhyavarjam' sUtra meM kiyA hai / AcArya zaunaka ne bhI RprAtizAkhya 6 / 55, 56 meM 'kzA' dhAtu ke 'k-za' ke sthAna para kaI prAcAryoM ke mata meM 'kha-ya' kA vidhAna kiyA hai|' itanA hI nahIM, pANini se pUrva prokta aura adya yAvat vartamAna maitrAyaNIya saMhitA meM 'khyA' dhAtu ke prasaGga meM sarvatra 'kzA' ke prayoga milate haiN|' kAThaka saMhitA meM kahIM-kahIM 'kzA' ke prayoga upalabdha hote haiN| zuklayajuH prAtizAkhya kA bhASyakAra uvvaTa spaSTa likhatA hai-'khyAteH kzApattiruktA, ete carakANAm / aisI avasthA meM kahanA ki pANini ke samaya kzA kA prayoga vidyamAna nahIM thA, apanA ajJAna pradarzita karanA hai / .. prazna ho sakatA hai ki yadi kzA dhAtu kA prayoga pANini ke samaya vidyamAna thA, to usa ne usa kA nirdeza kyoM nahIM kiyA ? isa kA uttara yaha hai ki pANini ne prAcIna vistRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA saMkSepa 15 kiyA hai| yaha hama pUrva kaha cuke haiN| isaliye use kaI niyama chor3ane pdd'e| dUsarA kAraNa yaha hai ki pANini uttaradeza kA livAso thaa| ataH usa ke vyAkaraNa meM vahAM ke zabdoM kA prAdhAnya honA svAbhAvika hai / kzA kA prayoga dakSiNApaya meM hotA thaa| maitrAyaNoya saMhitA ke pracAra kA kSetra Aja bhI vahI hai| vArtikakAra kAtyAyana dAkSiNAtya 20 thaa| vaha kzA ke prayoga se vizeSa paricita thA / isaliye usane pANini se chor3e gaye kzA dhAtu kA saniveza aura kara diyaa| hamArI isa vivecanA se spaSTa hai ki kzAtra kA prayoga pANini se pUrva vidyamAna thA / ataH kAtyayanIya vArtikoM vA pAtaJjala mahAbhASya ke kinhIM vacanoM ke AdhAra para yaha kalpanA karanA ki pANini ke 1. kzAtau khakArayakArA u eke / tAveva khyAtisadRzeSu nAmasu / 2. anvagniruSasAmagramakzat / mai0 saM0 1186 ityAdi / 3. naktamagnirupastheyaH pazUnAmanukzAtyai / kAThaka saM0 710 // 4. vAja0 prAti0 4 / 167 / / 5. dekho pUrva pRSTha 35, 36, sandarbha 8 / 30. 6. priyataddhitA dAkSiNAtyAH-yathA loke vede ceti prayoktavye yathA . laukikavaidikeSviti prayuJjate / mahAbhASya a0 1, pAda 1, prA0 1 /

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7 saMskRta bhASA kI pravRtti, vikAsa aura hAsa samaya yaha prayoga nahIM hotA thA, pIche se parivartita hokara isa prakAra prayukta hone lagA, sarvathA mithyA hai| 46 20. pUrvamImAMsA ( 1 / 3 / 30 ) ke pika nemAdhikaraNa meM vicAra kiyA hai ki - 'vaidika-granthoM meM kucha zabda aise prayukta haiM, jinakA prArya loga prayoga nahIM karate kintu mleccha - bhASA meM una kA prayoga hotA 5 hai / aise zabdoM kA mleccha prasiddha artha svIkAra karanA cAhiye athavA nirukta vyAkaraNa Adi se una ke arthoM kI kalpanA karanI cAhiye / ' isa viSaya meM siddhAnta kahA hai- 'vaidika-granthoM meM upalabhyamAna zabdoM kA yadi AryoM meM prayoga na ho to una kA mleccha-prasiddha artha svIkAra kara lenA cAhiye / ' 10 mImAMsA ke isa pradhikaraNa se spaSTa hai ki vaidika-granthoM meM aneka pada aise prayukta haiM, jina kA prayoga jaimini ke kAla meM laukika saMskRta se lupta ho gayA thA / , parantu mleccha-bhASA meM una kA prayoga vidyamAna thA / zabarasvAmI ne isa adhikaraNa meM 'pika, nema, ardha, tAmarasa' zabda udAharaNa mAne haiM / zabarasvAmI ina zabdoM ke jina 15 arthoM ko mleccha - prasiddha mAnatA hai unhIM arthoM meM ina kA prayoga uttaravartI saMskRta sAhitya meM upalabdha hotA hai / zrataH pratIta hotA hai ki kucha zabda aise bhI haiM jinakA prAcIna kAla meM Arya bhASA meM prayoga hotA thA, kAlAntara meM una kA prArya bhASA se uccheda ho gayA, aura uttara-kAla meM una kA punaH prArya-bhASA meM prayoga hone lagA / isa kI 20 puSTi aSTAdhyAyI 7 / 3 / 65 se bhI hotI hai / pANini se pUrvavartI Apizali 'turustuzamyamaH sArvadhAtukAsu cchandasi'" sUtra meM 'chandasi' grahaNa karatA hai, ataH usa ke kAla meM 'tavIti' Adi pada loka meM prayukta nahIM the, parantu usake uttaravartI pANini 'chandasi' grahaNa nahIM karatA / isase spaSTa hai ki usa ke kAla meM ina padoM kA loka-bhASA 25 meM punaH prayoga pracalita ho gayA thA / ' 1. kAzikA 7 / 3 / 65 // 2. kAzakRtsna ke 'brUnA derI tisimiSu' sUtrAnusAra ' bravIti' ke samAna . 'stavIti' 'UrNIti' Adi prayoga bhI loka vyavahRta haiM / draSTavya - 'kAzakRtsnavyAkaraNa', sUtra 74, pRSTha 61 ( hamArA saMkalana ) tathA 'kAzakRtsna- vyAkaraNa 30 aura usake upalabdha sUtra' lekha 'sAhitya' (paTanA) kA varSa 10, aGka 2, pRSTha 26 /

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa mImAMsA ke isa adhikaraNa ke AdhAra para pAzcAttya tathA tadanuyAyI katipaya bhAratIya vidvAn likhate haiM, ki veda meM videzI-bhASAoM ke aneka zabda sammilita haiN|' una kA yaha kathana sarvathA kalpanA-prasUta hai / yaha hamAre agale vivecana se bhale prakAra spaSTa ho jaayegaa| laukika-saMskRta granthoM meM aprayukta saMskRta zabdoM kA vartamAna-bhASAoM meM prayoga Aja kala loka meM aneka zabda aise vyavahRta hote haiM, jo zabda aura artha kI dRSTi se vizuddha saMskRta-bhASA ke haiM, parantu una kA saMskRta-bhASA meM prayoga upalabdha na hone se ye apabhraMza-bhASAoM ke 10 samajhe jAte haiN| yathA 1. phArasI-bhASA meM pavitra artha meM 'pAka' zabda kA vyavahAra hotA hai| parantu usa kA pavitra artha meM prayoga veda ke 'yo mA pAkena manasA carantamabhicaSTe antebhirvacobhiH' tathA 'yo'smatpAkataraH" Adi aneka mantroM meM milatA hai / 2. hindI meM prayukta 'ghara' zabda saMskRta gRhazabda kA apabhraMza mAnA jAtA hai, parantu hai yaha vizuddha saMskRta zabda / dazApAdI-uNAdi meM isa ke liye vizeSa sUtra hai| jaina saMskRta-granthoM meM isa kA prayoga upalabdha hotA hai| bhAsa ke nATakoM kI prAkRta meM bhI isa kA prayoga milatA hai| 20 saMskRta ke 'ghara' zabda kA rUpAntara prAkRta meM 'hara' hotA hai / yathA 'paIhara-paihara (dra0-haima prA0 vyA0 111 / 4 vRtti) / isI prakAra 1. Rgveda 710418; atharva 8 / 4 / 8 / / 2. dra.-kAtyA0 zrauta 2 / 2 / 21 // 3. yo'smatpAkataraH' ityatrAlpatve pAka zabdaH / 'taM mA pAkena manasA'pa25 zyana' iti 'yo mA pAkena manasA' iti ca prazaMsAyAm / gAryanArAyaNa prAzva0 gRhya 1 / 2 / / vastuta: prazaMsA artha lAkSaNika hai, mUla artha pavitra hI hai / 4. 'hante ran gha ca' / dazapAdI uNA0 8 / 104; kSIrataraGgiNI 2068 meM durga ke mata meM 'ghara' svatantra dhAtu mAnI hai| 5, purAtanaprabandhasaMgraha, pRSTha 13, 32 // 25 6. yajJaphalanATaka pRSTha 163 //

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saMskRta bhASA kI pravRtti, vikAsa aura hrAsa 51 mAravAr3I ke 'pohara' zabda kA mUla bhI 'pitRghara' hai ( 'tR' lopa hokara ) / ina rUpoM meM gRha kA 'hara' rUpAntara mAnanA cintya hai, kyoM ki bhASA-vijJAna ke utsarga niyama ke anusAra 'gha' kA 'ha' honA sarala hai, gRha kA ghara athavA hara rUpAntara pratikliSTa kalpanA hai / 3. yuddha artha meM prayukta phArasI kA 'jaGga' zabda saMskRta kI 'jaji 5 yuddhe' dhAtu kA ghaJ-pratyayAnta rUpa hai / yaha 'cajo: kuH ghiNNyato: " sUtra se kutva hokara niSpanna hotA hai / yathA - bhaj se bhAga / maitreyarakSitaviracita dhAtupradIpa pRSTha 25 meM isa zabda kA sAkSAt nirdeza milatA milatA hai / 4. phArasI meM prayukta bAja zabda vraja gatau dhAtu aNpratyayAnta rUpa hai / bavayorabhedaH yaha prasiddhi bhAratIya zAstrajJoM meM bhI kvacit vidyamAna hai / tadanusAra bAja =vAja donoM eka hI haiM / 15 5. paJjAbI bhASA meM barAta artha meM vyavahRta 'jaJja' zabda bhI pUrvokta 'jaja' dhAtu kA ghaJanta rUpa hai / prAcIna kAla meM svayaMvara ke avasara para prAyaH yuddha hote the, ataH jaJja zabda meM mUla yuddha artha nihita hai / isa zabda meM nipAtana se kutva nahIM hotA / yaha pANini ke uJchAdigaNa meM paThita hai / bhaTTa yajJezvara ne gaNaratnAvalI meM jaJja kA artha 'yuddha' kiyA hai / " usa meM thor3I bhUla hai / vastutaH jaGga aura jaJja zabda kramazaH yuddha aura barAta ke vAcaka haiM / saMskRta gara, gala, graha, glaha Adi aneka zabda aise haiM, jo samAna dhAtu aura samAna 20 pratyaya se niSpanna hone para bhI varNamAtra ke bheda se arthAntara ke vAcaka hote haiM / 6. hindI meM 'gur3a kA kyA bhAva hai' ityAdi meM prayukta 'bhAva' zabda zuddha saMskRta kA hai / yaha 'bhU prAptAvAtmanepadI' caurAdika dhAtu se ac ( pakSAntara meM ghaJ ) pratyaya se niSpanna hotA hai / sattArthaka bhAva zabda isa se pRthak hai, vaha 'bhU sattAyAm' dhAtu se banatA hai / 7. hindI meM prayukta ' mAnatA hai' kriyA kI 'mAna' dhAtu kA prayoga jaina saMskRta-granthoM meM bahudhA upalabdha hotA hai / " 2. gaNapATha 6 / 1 / 160 // 1, aSTA0 7 / 3352 // 3. 6 / 1 / 160 / hamArA hastalekha pRSTha 355 / 4. burAtana prabandhasaMgraha pRSTha 13, 30, 51, 103 ityAdi / prabandhakoza pRSTha 107 / 10 25 30

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5 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 8. hindI meM 'DhUMDhanA' kriyA kA mUla duDhi pranveSaNe - duNDhati kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha meM upalabdha hotA hai / ' skanda purANa kAzIkhaNDa (57 / 32 ) meM bhI yaha dhAtu smRta hai / " 52 30 isI prakAra kaI dhAtueM aisI haiM jina kA laukika saMskRta bhASA meM saMprati prayoga upalabdha nahIM hotA, parantu apabhraMza bhASAoM meM upalabdha hotA hai / yathA C. saMskRta bhASA meM sArvadhAtuka pratyayoM meM 'gaccha' aura ardhadhAtuka pratyayoM meM 'gama' kA prayoga milatA hai / vaiyAkaraNa gama ke makAra ko sArvadhAtuka pratyaya pare rahane para chakArAdeza kA vidhAna 10 karate haiM / vastuta: yaha ThIka nahIM hai / gaccha aura gama donoM svatantra dhAtueM haiM / yadyapi laukika - saMskRta meM gaccha ke prArdhadhAtuka pratyaya pare prayoga nahIM milate tathApi pAli bhASA meM 'gacchissanti' Adi, maNDI rAjya ( himAcala-pradeza) kI pahAr3I bhASA meM 'kudara gacchaNA voya' aura 'idura prAgacchaNA voya' prayoga hotA hai / ye saMskRta ke 'gacchi - 15 Syanti' aura 'kutra gacchanam' ke apabhraMza haiM, 'gamiSyanti' aura 'kutra gamanam' ke nahIM / isI prakAra gama dhAtu ke sArvadhAtuka pratyaya pare rahane para 'gamati' Adi prayoga veda meM bahudhA upalabdha hote haiM / pANini ne jahAM-jahAM pAghrA Adi ke sthAna meM piba jighra Adi kA pradeza kiyA hai, vahAM-vahAM sarvatra unheM svatantra dhAtu samajhanA 20 cAhiye / samAnArthaka do dhAtutroM meM se eka kA sArdhadhAtuka meM prayoga naSTa ho gayA, dUsarI kA ArdhadhAtuka meM / vaiyAkaraNoM ne anvAkhyAna ke liye naSTAzvadagdharathanyAya se donoM ko eka sAtha jor3a diyA / isI prakAra varNalApa varNAgama varNavikAra Adi ke dvArA vaiyAkaraNa jina rUpoM ko niSpanna karate haiM, ve rUpAntara bhI mUlarUpa meM 25 svatantra dhAtueM haiM / hama spaSTIkaraNa ke lie katipaya prayoga upasthita karate haiM / yathA-- ( ka ) ghrA dhAtu ke sArvadhAtuka pratyaya se pare AdezarUpa meM vihita jighra ke ArdhadhAtuka pratyayoM meM prayoga 1. kAzakRtsna dhAtuvyAkhyAnam, dhAtu saM0 1 191, pRSTha 21 / 2. anveSaNe DhuNDhirayaM prathito'sti ghAtuH / sarvArthaduNDitayA tava duNDinAma || 3. iSugamiyamAM chaH / aSTA0 7 / 3 / 77 //

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saMskRta bhASA kI pravRtti, vikAsa aura hAsa mUrdhanyabhijighrANam / gobhila gRhya 28|24 // varcase hum iti zrabhijiya / hiraNya0 gRhya 2 |4| 17 | (kha) ghrA kA sArvadhAtuka pratyayoM meM prayoga na pazyati na cAghrAti / mahA0 zAnti0 187 / 18 | evaM bahutra / (ga) mA sthAnIya dhama ke prArdhadhAtuka meM prayogavidhamiSyAmi jImUtAn / rAmA0 sundara0 67 / 12 // dhAnto dhAtuH pAvakasyaiva rAziH / (gha) brUJ dhAtu ke prArdhadhAtuka pratyayoM meM prayoga - brAhmaNo bravaNAt / nirukta | 6 | 53 (Ga) yaja ke kit Git pratyayoM meM samprasAraNa dvArA vihita ij 10 rUpa kA ijyanti prayoga mahA0 zAnti 0 263 / 26 meM milatA hai / isI prakAra vasa ke uSa rUpa kA uSya prayoga mahA0 vana0 meM bahutra milatA hai / (ca) graha kA samprasAraNa aura bhakArAdeza hokara niSpanna gubha kA garbho gRbhe: nirukta 10 / 13 meM prayoga hai / gRbha dhAtu se hI phArasI kA giriphta zabda banA hai / 15 1. 'prabhijighrANam' pAThAntara meM nirdiSTa pATha yukta hai / ' abhijighraNam' mudrita pATha azuddha hai / dra0-- - gRhyakAreNa 'mUrdhanyabhighrANam' iti vaktavye " mUrdhanyabhijaghrANam' ityaviSaye'pi jighrAdezaH prayuktaH / tantravArtika 13, aghi 0 8, pRSTha 256, pUnA saMskaraNa / 20 zrabhiprAyeti vAcye abhijitryeti vacanaM - hiraNyakezIya- -gRhya TIkAkAra mAtRdatta / 3. kSIrataraGgiNI 1656, dazapAdI vRtti 3 / 5, haimoNAdivRtti 33 meM udghRta ( kucha pAThAntara haiM ) / dhamiH prakRtyantaramityeke / kSIrataraGgiNI 1 / 656 // ... pramAdapATho vA / 20 25 4. nirukta kA vartamAna pATha 'brAhmaNA bruvANA ' hai / yaha nizcaya hI papATha hai / uparyukta pATha kumArila dvArA uddhRta hai / yaghA - kArtsnye'pi vyAkaraNasya nirukte hInalakSaNA bahavo yad brAhmaNo bravaNAditi / ...... bruvI vaciriti vacyA dezama kRtvaiva bravaNAdityuktam / tantravA0 113, adhi8, pRSTha 256, pUnA / 30

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54 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa (cha) vaca ko luGa meM um prAgama hokara niSpanna voca ke vocati aAdi rUpa veda meM bahudhA milate haiN| isIliye niruktakAra yAska 'yaja' 'vapa' Adi dhAtuoM ko aMkRtasamprasAraNa' 'yaja' 'vapa' tathA kRta-samprasAraNa 'ija' 'upa' kA prati5 nidhi mAnatA hai|' 10. vikrama kI 13 vIM zatAbdI se pUrvabhAvI vaiyAkaraNa 'kRSa' dhAtu ko bhvAdi meM par3hate haiM, kintu isake bhauvAdika prayoga laukika saMskRta-granthoM meM prAyaH upalabdha nahIM hote| phira bhI kvacit bhUlA bhaTakA bhauvAdika rUpa laukika bhASA meM bhI mila jAtA hai| prAkRta10 bhASA aura uDiyA meM prAyaH prayukta hote haiN| hindI meM bhI usake apabhraMza 'karatA' zabda kA prayoga hotA hai / 11. dhAtupATha meM 'hana' dhAtu kA artha gati aura hiMsA likhA hai / 1. tadyatra svarAdanantarAntasthAntarghAturbhavati tad dviprakRtInAM sthAnamiti pradizanti / tatra siddhAyAmanupapadyamAnAyAmitarayopapipAdayiSet / nirukta 2 / 2 // 15 2. kSIrataraGgiNI 11639 / pRSTha 130, haimadhAtupArAyaNa, zAkaTAyana ghAtupATha saMkhyA 577, devapuruSakAra pRSTha 38, dazapAdI-uNAdivRtti pRSTha 17, 52 ityAdi / bhvAdigaNa se kRtra dhAtu kA pATha sAyaNa ne haTAyA hai| vaha likhatA hai-'anena prakAregAsmAbhirdhAtuvRttAvayaM dhaatuniraakRtH| RgvedabhASya 1182 // 1 // tathA dhAtuvRtti pRSTha 163 / bhaTToji dIkSita ne sAyaNa kA hI 20 anusaraNa kiyA hai| sAyaNa RgvedabhASya meM anyatra kRJ ko bhvAdi meM mAnatA hai-'kRna karaNe bhauvAdikaH / 1 / 23 // 6 // pANiAne ne kRJ dhAtu bhvAdigaNa meM par3hA thaa| tanAdigaNa meM kRJ kA pATha apANinIya hai / 'u'-pratyaya aSTAdhyAyI 3 / 1176 ke vizeSa vidhAna se hotA hai / isIliye svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ne yajurbhASya 3 / 58 meM likhA hai--'DukRJ karaNa ityasya bhvAdigaNAntargatapAThAt 25 zanvikaraNo'tra gAte, tanAdibhiH saha pAThAd uvikaraNo'pi / vizeSa draSTavya asmat sampAdita kSIrataraGgiNI pRSTha 130, 263 / 3. devI purANa (devI bhAgavata se bhinna) meM eka zloka hai-- ___ 'zUnyadhvajaM sadAbhUtA naaggndhrvraaksssaa|| vidravanti mahAtmAno nAnA bAdhaM karanti ca // 35 // 27 // 30 4. aNakaredI (anukarati), bhAsanATakacakra pRSTha 218 / karaanto (karantaH kurvantaH) bhAsanATakacakra pRSTha 336 //

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saMskRta bhASA kI pravRtti, vikAsa aura hAsa 55 laukika saMskRta vAGamaya meM isakA gatyartha meM prayoga nahIM milatA / ' kintu hisAra jile kI grAmINa bhASA ke 'kaThe haNase' Adi vAkyoM meM isa ke apabhraMza kA prayoga pAyA jAtA hai / 12. saMskRta kI 'rakSA' dhAtu kA 'rakhanA' artha meM prayoga saMskRtabhASA meM nahIM milatA / prAkRta meM isa ke apabhraMza 'rakkha' dhAtu kA 5 prayoga prAya: upalabdha hotA hai / hindI kI 'rakha' kriyA prAkRta kI '2kkha' kA apabhraMza hai| ataH saMskRta kI 'rakSa' dhAtu kA mUla artha 'rakSA karanA' aura 'rakhanA' donoM haiM / 10 ina udAharaNoM se spaSTa hai ki saMskRta bhASA kisI samaya atyanta vistRta thI / usa kA prabhAva saMsAra kI samasta bhASAoM para par3A / bahuta se zabda apabhraMza bhASAtroM meM abhI taka mUla rUpa aura mUla artha meM prayukta hote haiN| kucha alpa vikAra ko prApta ho gaye, kucha itane adhika vikRta hue ki una ke mUla svarUpa kA nirdhAraNa karanA bhI isa samaya asambhava ho gayA / ataH apabhraMza bhASAoM meM prayukta vA tatsama - zabda kA saMskRta ke kisI prAcIna grantha meM vyavahAra dekha kara yaha 15 kalpanA karanA nitAnta anucita hai ki yaha zabda kisI apabhraMza bhASA se liyA gayA hai / yadi saMsAra kI mukhya mukhya bhASAtroM kA isa dRSTi se adhyayana aura AloDana kiyA jAye, to una se saMskRta ke sahasroM lupta zabdoM kA jJAna ho sakatA hai / aura usa se saba bhASAoM kA saMskRta se sambandha bhI spaSTa jJAta ho sakatA hai / nATakoM meM prayukta prAkRta kI saMskRtachAyA yadi uparyukta dRSTi se saMskRtanATakAntargata prAkRta kA adhyayana 20 1. dhAtupradIpa ke sampAdaka zrIzacandra cakravartI ne gatyartha hana dhAtu kA eka prayoga uddhRta kiyA hai--'bhUdevebhyo mahIM datvA yajJairiSTvA sudakSiNaiH / anuktvA niSThuraM vAkyaM svargaM hantAsi suvrata || ' dhAtupradIpa pRSTha 76, Ti0 2 / sambhava hai 25 yahAM 'hantAsi' ke sthAna meM 'gantAsi' pATha ho / sAhitya - vizAradoM ne gatyartha hanti ke prayoga ko doSa mAnA hai / 'tulyArthatve'pi hi brUyAt ko hanti gati - vAcinam' / bhAmahAlaGkAra 6 / 24 // tathA - ' kaJja hanti kRzodarI / atra hantIti gamanArthe paThitamapi na tatra samartham' / sAhitya-darpaNa pari0 7, pRSTha 366 nirNayasA0 saMska0; kAvyaprakAza ullAsa 7 / mahAbhASya ke prathama 30 mAhnika meM likhA hai - 'gamimeva tvAryA: prayuJjate ' / isa se spaSTa hai ki bahuta kAla se Arya gama ke atirikta anya gatyarthaka dhAtu kA prayoga nahIM karate / 7

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa mm ma kiyA jAye, to usa se nimna do bAteM atyanta spaSTa hotI haiM 1. prAkRta ke AdhAra para saMskRta ke zatazaH vilupta zabdoM kA punaruddhAra ho sakatA hai| 2. nATakAntargata prAkRta kI jo saMskRta chAyA isa samaya upalabdha 5 hotI hai, vaha aneka sthAnoM meM prAkRta se ati dUra hai| Adhunika paMDita prAkRta se pratIyamAna saMskRta zabdoM kA prayoga karane meM hicakicAte haiM / ataH una sthAnoM meM prAkRta se asambaddha saMskRta zabdoM kA prayoga karate haiN| hama udAharaNArtha bhAsa ke nATakoM se kucha prayoga upasthita karate haiprAkRta mudrita saMskRta mUla saMskRta nATakacakra pRSTha aNukaredi anukaroti anukarati karaantaH kurvantaH * karantaH pekkhAmi pazyAmi prekSAmi pekkhanto pazyantI prekSantI 15 rodAmi rodimi rodAmi caJcalApranti vina caJcalAyete iva caJcalAyanti iva | me akkhINi me'kSiNI me'kSINi' / kyA apazabda sAdhu zabda kA smaraNa karAkara artha kA bodha karAte haiM ? aneka vaiyAkaraNoM kA yaha mata hai ki asAdhu zabda ke zravaNa se sAdhu zabda kI smRti hotI hai / aura usa se artha kA bodha hotA hai / sAkSAt asAdhu zabda se artha kA bodha nahIM hotaa| yaha mantavya pratyakSa pramANa se viruddha hai| sarvathA anAr3I puruSa jina ko sAdhu zabda-jJAna kI svapna meM bhI kalpanA nahIM kara sakate una kA apanI bhASA ke 25 zabdoM se hI artha-pratIti loka meM pratyakSa dikhAI par3atI hai / isIliye mahA vaiyAkaraNa bhartRhari ne likhA hai - sAdhusteSAmavAcakaH / bAkyapadIya 11154 // arthAt-apazabdoM se pratIyamAna artha kA sAdhu zabda vAcaka nahIM 1. dra0-'akSINi me darzanIyAni, pAdA me sukumaaraaH| mahAbhASya 30 1 / 4 / 21 //

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8 saMskRta bhASA kI pravRtti, vikAsa aura hrAsa 57 hotA / vRddhavyavahAra se bAlaka asAdha zabdoM kA usa ke artha ke sAtha saMketa grahaNa karate haiM aura use saMketa jJAna se asAdhu zabda se sIdhA artha-bodha hotA hai| upasaMhAra isa prakAra hamane isa adhyAya meM bhAratIya itihAsa ke anusAra 5 saMskRta-bhASA kI pravatti aura usa ke vikAsa tathA hrAsa para prakAza DAlane kA prayatna kiyA hai| prAdhanika kalpita bhASAzAstra kA adharApana, aura usa se utpanna hone vAlI bhrAntiyoM kA bhI kucha digdarzana karAyA hai / Adhunika bhASAzAstra kI samIkSA' eka mahAn kArya hai, usa ke liye svatantra grantha kI AvazyakatA hai| ataH hamane yahAM usa 10 kI vistAra se vivecanA nahIM kii| isI prakAra saMskRta-bhASA samasta bhASAoM kI prakRti hai, usI se samasta apabhraMza bhASAeM pravRtta huI haiM, isa kI vivecanA bhI eka svatantra viSaya hai| hamAre isa prakaraNa ko likhane kA mukhya prayojana yaha darzAnA hai / ki saMskRta-bhASA meM Adi se lekara Aja taka koI maulika parivartana 15 nahIM huaa| Adhunika pAzcAttya bhASAzAstrI saMskRta-bhASA meM jo parivartana darzAte haiM, vaha kevala prAcIna ativistRta saMskRta-bhASA meM uttarottara zabdoM ke saMkoca (= hrAsa) ke kAraNa pratIta hotA hai| vastutaH usa meM parivartana kucha bhI nahIM huaa| ___ isI prakAra pAzcAttya vidvAnoM dvArA kI gaI saMskRta-vAGamaya ke 20 kAlavibhAga kI kalpanA bhI sarvathA pramANazUnya hai| bhAratIya itihAsa meM aneka RSi aise haiM, jinhoMne vedoM kI zAkhA, brAhmaNa, AraNyaka, upaniSada, kalpasUtra, Ayurveda aura vyAkaraNa Adi aneka viSayoM kA pravacana kiyaa| ina granthoM meM jo bhASAbheda ApAtataH pratIta hotA hai, vaha racanAzailI aura viSaya kI vibhinnatA ke kAraNa hai| yaha bAta 25 pratyAtma vedanIya hai| ataH saMskRta vAGamaya meM pAzcAttya vidvAnoM dvArA 'kalpita kAlavibhAga' aura 'saMskRta-bhASA meM parivartana' ye donoM hI pakSa upapanna nahIM ho sakate / / aba hama agale adhyaya meM saMskRta-bhASA ke vyAkaraNa kI utpatti aura isa kI prAcInatA para likheMge / 1. isa ke liye dekhiye zrI paM0 bhagavaddattajI kRta 'bhASA kA itihAsa' /

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dUsarA adhyAya vyAkaraNazAstra kI utpatti aura prAcInatA 5 brahmA se lekara dayAnanda sarasvatI' paryanta samasta bhAratIya vidvAnoM kA mata rahA hai ki saMsAra meM jitanA jJAna pravRtta huA, usa saba kA AdimUla veda hai / prataeva svAyaMbhuva manu ne veda ko sarvajJAnapaya kahA hai / manu Adi maharSi usI jJAna se saMsAra ko prakAza de rahe the, ataH ve aisA kyoM na kahate ? * vyAkaraNa kA AdimUla veda hI isa siddhAntAnusAra vyAkaraNazAstra kA Adi mUla bhI 10 hai / vaidika mantroM meM aneka padoM kI vyutpattiyAM upalabdha hotI haiM 1 / ve isa siddhAnta ko poSaka haiM / yathA 15 20 25 yajJena yajJamayajanta devAH / R0 1 / 164 / 50 // ye sahAMsi sahasA sahante / R0 6 / 66 / 6 // pUrvoraznantAvazvinA / R08|5|31 / / stotRbhyo mahate magham / R0 1 / 11 / 3 // dhAnyamasi ghinuhi devAn / yaju0 120 / / 1. we may divide the whole of sanskrit literature, beginning with the Rig-Veda ending with Dayananda's Introduction to his edition of the Rig-VedaIndia : what can it teach us, Lecture lll of Maxmu'ar. 2. sarvajJAnamayo hi saH / manu0 2|7 | meghAtithi kI TIkA // 3. yajJaH kasmAt ? prakhyAtaM yajati karmeti nairuktAH / nirukta 3 / 16 // yajayAcayatavicchapraccharakSo naG / bhraSTA0 3 | 3|10 // 4. sahadhAtoH 'asun' (daza0 u0 9 46; paM0 u0 4 190 ) ityasun / 5. azvinau yad vyaznuvAte sarvam / nirukta 121 // 6. madhamiti dhananAmadheyam, maMhaterdAnakarmaNaH / nirukta 17 // 7. ghinoterdhAnyam / mahAbhASya 5|2| 4 ||

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vyAkaraNazAstra kI utpati aura prAcInatA 56 ketapUH ketaM naH punAtu / ' yaju0 1117 / / yena devAH pavitreNAtmAnaM punate sadA / sAma0 u0 5 / 2 / 8 / 5 // tIrthastaranti / atharva0 18 / 4 / 7 / / yadadaH saM prayatIrahAvanadatA hate / tasmAdA nadyo nAma stha / atharva0 3 / 13 / 1 // 5 tadApnodindroM vo yatIstasmAdApo anuSThana / atharva0 3 / 13 / 2 zabdazAstra ke pramANabhUta AcArya pataJjali muni ne vyAkaraNAdhyayana ke prayojanoM kA varNana karate hue catvAri zRGgA, catvAri vAk, uta tvaH, saktumiva, sudevo'si ye pAMca mantra uddhRta kiye haiM, aura una kI vyAkhyA vyAkaraNazAstraparaka kI hai| pataJjali se 10 bahuta prAcIna yAska ne bhI catvAri vAk mantra kI vyAkhyA vyAkaraNa zAstraparaka likhI hai| vyAkaraNa pada jisa dhAtu se niSpanna hotA hai, usa kA mUla-artha meM prayoga yaju0 1977 meM upalabdha hotA hai / vyAkaraNazAstra kI utpatti vyAkaraNazAstra kI utpatti kaba huI, isa kA uttara atyanta duSkara 15 hai| hAM, itanA nissandigdharUpa se kahA jA sakatA hai ki upalabdha vaidika padapAThoM (3200 vi0 pU0) kI racanA se pUrva vyAkaraNazAstra 1. ketopapadAt punAte: 'kvip ca' (aSTA0 3 / 2176) iti kvip / 2. pavitraM punAte: / nirukta 5 / 6 // punAte: STrana / dra0-aSTA0 3 / 2 / 185, 186 // 3. pAtRtudivaciricisicibhyasthak / paMca0 uNAdi 27 // 4. nadyaH kasmAnnadanA imA bhavanti zabdavatyaH / nirukta 2 / 24 // 5. Apa prApnote: / nirukta 6 / 26; prApnotehra svazca / paM0 u0 2 // 56 // 6. R0 415823 // 7. R0 13164145 // 8. R0 1071 // 4 // 6. R0 1071 / 2 // 10. R0 8 / 6 / 12 // 11. mahAbhASya pra0 1, pA0 1, prA0 1 // 12. nAmakhyAte copasarganipAtAzceti vaiyAkaraNA: / nikhata 136 // 13. dRSTvA rUpe vyAkarot satyAnRte prajApatiH /

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa apanI pUrNatA ko prApta ho cukA thA / prakRti-pratyaya,' dhAtu-upasarga, aura samAsaghaTita pUrvottarapadoM kA vibhAga pUrNatayA nirdhArita ho cukA thaa| vAlmIkIya rAmAyaNa se vidita hotA hai ki mahArAja rAma ke kAla meM vyAkaraNazAstra kA suvyavasthita paThanapAThana hotA thaa|' bhArata-yuddha ke samakAlika yAskIya nirukta meM vyAkaraNapravaktA aneka vaiyAkaraNoM kA ullekha milatA hai| samasta nAma zabdoM kI dhAtuoM se niSpatti darzAne vAlA mUrdhAbhiSikta zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa bhI yAska se pUrva bana cukA thaa| mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali muni ke lekhAnusAra atyanta purAkAla meM vyAkaraNazAstra kA paThana-pAThana pracalita thaa|' 10 ina pramANoM se itanA suvyakta hai ki vyAkaraNazAstra kI utpatti atyanta prAcIna kAla meM ho gaI thii| hamArA vicAra hai ki-'tratA yuga ke prArambha meM vyAkaraNazAstra grantha rUpa meM suvyavasthita ho cakA thaa| _ vyAkaraNa zabda kI prAcInatA 15 zabdazAstra ke liye vyAkaraNa zabda kA prayoga rAmAyaNa, gopatha 1. vaajinii'vtii| R0 pada0 1 / 3 / 10 // prAstR'bhi / R0 pada0 * 184 / mahi'tvam / R0 pada0 1 / 8 / 5 // 2. sam'jagmAnaH / R0 pada0 167 // pratirante / R0 pada0 11113 / 16 / prati'haryate / R0 pada0 8 / 43 / 2 / / 20 3. rudravartanI iti rudra'vartanI / R0 pada0 1 / 3 / 3 / pati'lokam / R0 pada. 10 / 8 / 43 // __. nUnaM vyAkaraNaM kRtsnamanena bahudhA zrutam / bahu vyAharatAnena na kiJcidapabhASitam // kiSkindhA0 3 / 26 // hanumAna kA itanA vAkpaTu honA yukta hI thA,kyoMki hanumAn kA pitA vAyu zabdazAstra-vizArada thA (vAyu pu0 2044) / 25 5. na sarvANIti gAgryo vaiyAkaraNAnAM caike| nirukta 1 // 12 // 6. anuzAkaTAyanaM vaiyAkaraNAH, upazAkaTAyanaM vaiyAkaraNAH / kAzikA 1 // 4 // 86, 87 / 7. tatra nAmAnyAkhyAtajAnIti zAkaTAyano naruktasamayazca / niru0 1 // 12 // 8. purAkalpa etadAsIta, saMskArottarakAlaM brAhmaNA vyAkaraNaM smAdhIyate / 1. mahAbhAjya pra. 1, pA0 1, prA0 1 // 6. rAmAyaNa kiSkindhA0 3 / 26 //

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vyAkaraNazAstra kI utpatti aura prAcInatA 61 brAhmaNa' muNDakopaniSad' aura mahAbhArata Adi aneka granthoM meM milatA hai / SaDaGga zabda se vyAkaraNa kA nirdeza zikSA, vyAkaraNa, nirukta, chanda, kalpa aura jyotiSa ina 6 vedAGgoM kA SaDaGga zabda se nirdeza gopatha brAhmaNa, baudhAyana Adi 5 dharmazAstra' aura rAmAyaNa Adi meM prAyaH milatA hai / pataJjalimuni ne bhI brAhmaNena niSkAraNo dharmaH SaDaGgo vedo'dhyeyo jJeyazca' yaha Agamavacana uddhRta kiyA hai / " samprati upalabhyamAna brAhmaNoM se bhI ati prAcIna devala ne vyAkaraNa kI SaDaGgoM meM gaNanA kI hai / brAhmaNa graMthoM meM SaDaGga zabda se kahIM AtmA kA bhI grahaNa hotA hai / " vyAkaraNAntargata katipaya saMjJAoM kI prAcInatA isa prakAra na kevala vyAkaraNazAstra kI prAcInatA siddha hotI hai, apitu pANinIyatantra meM smRta aneka anvartha saMjJAeM bhI prati prAcIna pratIta hotI haiM / una meM ye kucha saMjJAoM kA nirdeza gopatha brAhmaNa meM milatA hai / yathA 15 1. go0 brA0 pU0 1 24 // 2. muNDako 0 115 // 3. sarvArthAnAM vyAkaraNAd vaiyAkaraNa ucyate / tanmUlato vyAkaraNaM vyAkarotIti tattathA // mahAbhArata udyoga0 42 / 60 / / 4. SaDaGgavidastat tathAdhImahe / go0 brA0 pU0 1 / 27 // 5. baughA 0 dharma 0 2 / 14 / 2 / gautama dharma0 15 / 28 / / * 20 6. nAzaDaGgavidatrAsInnAvrato nAbahuzrutaH / rAmA0 bAla0 14 / 21 / 7. AgAmo veda iti vaiyAkaraNAH / dra0 - zivarAmendrakRta mahAbhASya kI ratnaprakAza patrA 5, sarasvatIbhavana kAzI kA hastalekha, pANDIcerI se mudrita bhAga 1, pRSTha 35 / / smRtiriti mImAMsakAH / tantravArtika pUnA saMska0 pRSTha 265, paM0 12 / nyAyasudhA pRSTha 284, paM0 6 // 25 8. mahAbhASya zra0 1, pA0 1 0 1 // 6. 'devala:--- zikSAvyAkaraNaniruktachandakalpajyotiSANi' / vIramitrodaya, paribhASA prakAza, pRSTha 20 para uddhRta / 10. SaDvidho vai puruSa: SaDaGgaH / ai0 brA0 2 / 36 // SaDaGgo'yamAtmA SaDvidhaH / zAM0 brA0 13 / 3 //

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5 10 saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa proGkAraM pRcchAmaH, ko dhAtuH, kiM prAtipadikaM, ki nAmAkhyAtam, ki liGga, ki vacanaM, kA vibhaktiH kaH pratyayaH, ka: svara upasargo nipAtaH, kiM vai vyAkaraNaM, ko vikAraH, ko vikArI, katimAtraH, kativarNaH, katyakSaraH, katipadaH, kaH saMyogaH, ki sthAnanAdAnupradAnAnukaraNam ..... / ' 62 25 maMtrAyaNI saMhitA 11713 meM vaiyAkaraNa - prasiddha vibhakti-saMjJA kA ullekha milatA hai / aitareya brAhmaNa 71 / 7 meM vibhakti rUpa se saptadhA vibhakta vANI kA ullekha hai / " vyAkaraNazAstra kI prAcInatA ke viSaya meM itanA hI kahA jA sakatA hai ki mUla vedAtirikta jitanA bhAratIya vaidika vAGamaya samprati upalabdha hai / usa meM vyAkaraNazAstra kA ullekha milatA hai / ata: yaha suvyakta hai ki vartamAna meM upalabdha kRSNa dvaipAyana ke ziSya - praziSyoM dvArA prokta samasta prArSa vaidika vAG maya kI racanA se pUrva 15 vyAkaraNazAstra pUrNatayA suvyavasthita bana cukA thA, aura vaha paThanapAThana meM vyavahRta hone laga gayA thA / vyAkaraNa kA prathama pravaktA - brahmA bhAratIya aitihya meM saba vidyAoM kA Adi pravaktA brahmA kahA gayA hai / yaha eka nizcita satya tathya hai / tadanusAra vyAkaraNazAstra 20 kA Adi pravaktA bhI brahmA hai / RktantrakAra ne likhA hai brahmA bRhaspataye provAca bRhaspatirindrAya indro bharadvAjAya, bharadvAja RSibhyaH, RSayo brAhmaNebhyaH || 1 | 4 || isa vacanAnusAra vyAkaraNa ke ekadeza akSarasamAmnAya kA sarvaprathama pravaktA brahmA hai / yuvAnacAMga (hya nasAMga) ne bhI apane bhArata 1. go0 brA0 pU0 1 / 24 // 2. tasmAt SaD vibhaktaya: / yaha SaD-vidha vibhaktiyoM kA ullekha punarAdheya prakaraNagata prayAjoM ke savibhaktikaraNa - saMbandhI hai / prayAjA : savibhaktikAH kAryAH / mahAbhASya 1 / 1 / 1 meM uddhRta vacana / 3. saptadhA vai vAgavadat / rupta vibhaktaya iti bhaTTabhAskaraH / tulanA karo 'sya te sapta sindhavaH / R0 8 / 66 / 12 sapta sindhavaH sapta vibhaktayaH / 30 mahAbhASya / -

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vyAkaraNazAstra kI utpatti aura prAcInatA bhramaNa ke vivaraNa meM brahmadeva kRta vyAkaraNa kA nirdeza kiyA hai / ' bhAratIya aitihyAnusAra brahmA isa kalpa ke vigata jala-plAvana ke pazcAt huA thaa| yadyapi uttarakAla meM yaha nAma upAdhirUpa meM aneka vyaktiyoM ke liye prayukta hA, tathApi sarvavidyAoM kA Adi pravaktA prathama brahmA hI hai, aura vaha nizcita aitihAsika vyakti hai| 5 isa kA kAla nyUnAtinyUna 16 sahasra varSa pUrva hai / brahmA kA zAstra-pravacana samasta bhAratIya prAcIna aitihAsikoM kA sunizcita mata hai ki loka meM jitanI bhI vidyAnoM kA prakAza huA, una vidyAoM kA pravacana brahmA ne hI kiyA thaa| yaha pravacana ati vistRta thA / yaha 10 Adi pravacana hI zAstra athavA zAsana nAma se prasiddha huA / uttaravartI samasta pravacana brahmA ke Adi pravacana ke anusAra huaA, aura vaha bhI uttarottara saMkSipta / ataH uttaravartI pravacana mukhyatayA anuzAstra anutantra athavA anuzAsana' kahAte haiM / ina ke lie zAstra athavA tantra zabda kA prayoga gauNIvRtti se kiyA jAtA hai / paM. bhagavaddattajI ne 'bhAratavarSa kA bRhada itihAsa' grantha ke dvitIya bhAga (a0 4) meM brahmA dvArA prokta jina 22 zAstroM kA sapramANa ullekha kiyA hai, una ke nAma isa prakAra haiM - 1. vedajJAna 7. dhanurveda 13. lipi-jJAna 16. nATyaveda 2. brahmajJAna 8. padArthavijJAna 14. jyotiSazAstra 20. itihAsa 20 3. yogavidyA 6. dharmazAstra 15. gaNitazAstra purANa / 4. Ayurveda 10. arthazAstra 16. vAstuzAstra 21, mImAMsAzAstra 5. hastyAyurveda 11. kAmazAstra 17. zilpazAstra 22. zivastava vA 6. rasatantra 12. vyAkaraNa 18 azvazAstra stava-zAstra 1. huenacAMga kA bhAratabhramaNa-vRttAnta, pRSTha 106;paM0 14-15 / 25 iNDiyanapresa, prayAga, san 1926 / 2. anuzAsana Adi meM prayukta 'anu'nipAta anukrama aura hIna donoM arthoM kA dyotaka hai| uttaravartI tantra saMkSipta hone se pUrva tantroM kI apekSA hIna hue| 'anuzAkaTAyanaM vaiyAkaraNAH' meM 'anu' zabda hIna artha kA dyotaka hai / draSTavya'hIne' (114186) sUtra kI kaashikaa| 3. tantramiva tantram / 30

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa dvitIya pravaktA-bRhaspati Rktantra ke uparyukta vacana ke anusAra vyAkaraNazAstra kA dvitIya pravaktA bRhaspati hai| aGgirA kA putra hone se yaha prAGgirasa nAma se prasiddha hai / brAhmaNa granthoM meM ise devoM kA purohita likhA hai / ' koSa 5 granthoM meM ise surAcArya bhI kahA hai| matsya purANa 23 / 47 meM yaha vAkpati pada se smRta hai| - bRhaspati kA zAstra pravacana devaguru bRhaspati ne aneka zAstroM kA pravacana kiyA thaa| una meM se jina katipaya zAstroM kA ullekha prAcIna vAGamaya meM upalabdha 10 hotA hai, ve isa prakAra haiM 1. sAmagAna-chAndogya upaniSad 2 / 22 / 1 meM bRhaspati ke sAmagAna kA ullekha milatA hai / 2. arthazAstra-bRhaspati ne eka arthazAstra racA thA / mahAbhArata meM isa zAstra kA vistAra tIna sahasra adhyAya batAyA hai| isa artha15 zAstra ke mata aura vacana koTilya arthazAstra, kAmandakoya nItisAra aura yAjJavalkyasmRti kI bAlakrIDA TokA prabhati granthoM meM bahudhA uddhRta haiN| ____3. itihAsa-purANa-vAyu purANa 103 / 56 ke anusAra bRhaspati ne itihAsa purANa kA pravacana kiyA thaa| ___-6. vedAGga-mahAbhArata meM bRhaspati ko samasta vedAGgoM kA pravaktA kahA hai| vyAkaraNa-vedAGgoM ke antargata vyAkaraNazAstra ke pravacana kA ullekha aneka granthoM meM milatA hai / mahAbhASya ke anusAra bahaspati ne indra ko divya (=saura) sahasra varSa taka pratipada vyAkaraNa kA upa 25 1. bRhaspatirvaM devAnAM purohitaH / ai0 brA0 8 / 26 // 2. bhAryAmarpaya vAkpatestvam / 3. adhyAyAnAM sahasrestu tribhireva bRhaspatiH / zAnti0 56 / 84 // 4. bRhaspatistu provAca savitre tadanantaram / 5. vedAGgAni bRhaspatiH / zAnti0 a0 210, zloka 20 / /

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vyAkaraNazAstra kI utpatti aura prAcInatA deza kiyA thaa|' brahmavaivartapurANa prakRti khaNDa a0 5 meM likhA hai papraccha zabdazAstraM ca mahendrazca bRhaspatim / divyaM varSasahasra ca sa tvA dadhyau ca puSkare // 27 // tadA tvatto varaM prApya divyaM varSasahasrakam / uvAca zabdazAstraM ca tadarthaM ca surezvaram // 28 // vyAkaraNa-granthanAma-zabdapArAyaNa-mahAbhASyakAra ne zabdapArAyaNaM provAca likhA hai| bhartRhari ne mahAbhASya kI vyAkhyA meM likhA 'zabdapArAyaNaM' rUDhizabdo'yaM kasyacid granthasya / pRSTha 21 / isa se pratIta hotA hai ki bRhaspati ke vyAkaraNazAstra kA nAma zabda- 10 pArAyaNa thaa| pratipada-pATha kA svarUpa kyA thA, yaha ajJAta hai| sambhava hai eka jaise rUpavAle nAmoM aura pAkhyAtoM kA saMgraha rUpa rahA ho / Aja bhI rAma Adi zabdoM aura katipaya dhAtuoM ke rUpa bAlakoM ko smaraNa karA kara tatsadRza rUpa vAle katipaya nAmoM aura dhAtuoM kA parigaNana karA 15 dete haiN| vyAkaraNa maraNAnta vyAdhi-nyAyamaJjarI meM jayanta ne bRhaspati kA eka vacana uddhRta kiyA hai / tadanusAra prauzanasoM (uzanA-prokta zAstra ke adhyetAoM) ke mata meM vyAkaraNa 'maraNAnta-vyAdhi' kahA gayA hai| 1. "bRhaspatirindrAya divyaM varSasahasraM pratipadoktAnAM zabdAnAM zabdapArAyaNaM provAca (1 / 1 / 1) / " yaha arthavAda hai / isa kA tAtparya sudIrghakAla meM hai| arthavAda ke rUpa meM 'divya sahasravarSa' bhAratIya-vAGmaya meM bahudhA vyavahRta hotA hai yathA___ sa [prajApati:] bhUmyAM ziraH kRtvA divyaM varSasahasraM tapo'tapyata / kaTha brA0 25 saMkalana, agnyAdheya brA0, pRSTha 17 // divyaM sahasraM varSANAm / caraka ci0 3 / 15 / / divyaM varSasahasrakam / rAmA0 bAla0 26 / 11 // tathA hi zrUyatedivya varSasahasramumayA sh...| kAmasUtra TIkA 11118 // 2. tathA ca bRhaspatiH-pratipadamazakyatvAllakSaNasyApyavyavasthitatvAt tatrApi skhalitadarzanAda anavasthAprasaGgAcca maraNAnto vyAdhiyAkaraNamiti 30 prauzanasA iti / nyAyamaJjarI puSTha 418 /

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa jyotiSa -vedAGgAntargata jyotiSazAstra ke pravacana kA nirdeza prabandhacintAmaNi grantha meM upalabdha hotA hai / ' 11, vAstuzAstra-matsya purANa meM bRhaspati ko vAstuzAstra kA pravartaka likhA hai| 12. agavatantra-bRhaspati ne kisI agadatantra kA bhI pravacana kiyA thaa| - vyAkaraNa kA Adi saMskartA-indra pAtaJjala mahAbhASya se vidita hotA hai ki bRhaspati' ne indra ke liye pratipada-pATha dvArA zabdopadeza kiyA thA / usa samaya taka 10 prakRtipratyaya vibhAga nahIM hA thaa| prathamataH indra ne zabdopadeza kI pratipadapATha-rUpI prakriyA kI durUhatA ko samajhA, aura usane padoM ke prakRti-pratyaya vibhAga dvArA zabdopadeza prakriyA ko prakalpanA kI / isa kA sAkSya taittirIya saMhitA 61417 meM milatA hai vAgva parAcyavyAkRtAvadat / te devA indramabruvana, imAM no vAcaM 15 vyAkuviti ..tAmindro madhyato'vakramya vyAkarot / isa kI vyAkhyA karate huye sAyaNAcArya ne likhA hai / tAmakhaNDAM vAcaM madhye vicchidya prakRtipratyayavibhAgaM sarvatrAkarot / 1. ced bRhaspatimataM pramANam / prabandhacintAmaNi pRSTha 106 // 20 2. tathA zukrabRhaspatI... aSTAdazaite vikhyAtA vAstuzAstropadezakAH / 251 // 3-4 // 3. pahI bRhaspati devoM kA purohita thaa| isane arthazAstra kI racanA kI thii| yaha cakravartI marutta se pahale huA thaa| dra0-mahAbhArata zAnti0 75 / 6 / / 4. bRhaspatirindrAya divyaM varSasahasraM pratipadoktAnAM zabdAnAM zabdapArAyaNaM provAca / mahAbhASya a0 1, pA0 2, prA0 1 // tunanA karo-divyaM varSasahasramindro bRhaspateH sakAzAt pratipadapAThena zabdAn paThan nAntaM jagAmeti / prakriyA kaumudI bhAga 1, pRSTha 7 / sambhavata: yaha pATha mahAbhASya se bhinna kisI grantha se uddhRta kiyA hai / 5. tulanA karo-mai0 saM04158|| kA0 saM0 27 // 2 // kapi0 saM0 42 // 3 // 10 sa (indro) vAcaiva vAcaM vyAvartayada / mai0 saM0 4 / 5 / 8 / / zata0 4 / 1 / 3 // 11 // 6. sAyaNa RgbhASya upodadhAta, pUnA saMska0 bhA0 1, pRSTha 26 //

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vyAkaraNazAstra ko utpatti aura prAcInatA 67 arthAt -vANI purAkAla meM avyAkRta (=vyAkaraNa-sambandhI prakRti-pratyayAdi saMskAra se rahita akhaNDa padarUpa) bolI jAtI thii| devoM ne [apane rAjA] indra se kahA ki isa vANI ko vyAkRta (= prakRti pratyayAdisaMskAra se yukta) kro|""""indr ne usa vANI ko madhya se tor3a kara vyAkRta (=prakRtipratyayAdisaMskAra se yukta) 5 kiyaa| mAhezvara sampradAya vyAkaraNazAstra meM do mArga athavA sampradAya prasiddha haiN| eka aindra aura dUsarA mAhezvara athavA zaiva / vartamAna prasiddhi ke anusAra kAtantra vyAkaraNa aindra sampradAya kA hai, aura pANinIya vyAkaraNa zaiva 10 sampradAya kaa| mahAbhArata ke zAntiparva ke antargata zivasahasranAma meM likhA haivedAt SaDaGgAnyuddhRtya / 284 / 192 // isa se spaSTa hai ki bRhaspati ke samAna ziva ne bhI SaDaGgoM kA pravacana kiyA thaa| nirukta 1 / 20 ke vilmagrahaNAyemaM granthaM samAmnAsiSurvedaM ca vedAGgAni ca / vacana meM bahuvacana nirdeza bhI isa bAta kA saMketa karatA hai ki vedAGgoM ke prAdya pravacanakartA aneka vyakti the| mAhezvara tantra ke viSaya meM agale adhyAya meM vistAra se likheNge| vyAkaraNa kA bahuvidha pravacana pUrva lekha se vispaSTa hai ki vyAkaraNa vAGamaya meM aindra tantra saba se prAcIna hai| tadanantara aneka vaiyAkaraNoM ne vyAkaraNazAstra kA pravacana kiyaa| una ke pravacanabheda se aneka vyAkaraNa-granthoM kI racanA hii| - pANini se prAcIna 85 vyAkaraNa-pravaktA indra se lekara Aja taka kitane vyAkaraNa bane, yaha ajJAta hai| 25

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68 saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa pANini ne apane zAstra meM 10 prAcIna prAcAryoM kA nAmanirdezapUrvaka ullekha kiyA hai / ' ina ke atirikta pANini se prAcIna 16 prAcAryoM kA ullekha vibhinna prAcIna granthoM meM milatA hai / 10 prAtizAkhya aura aura 7 anya vaidika vyAkaraNa upalabdha yA jJAta haiM / ina prAtizAkhya mAdi granthoM meM 5 prAcIna prAcAryoM kA ullekha milatA hai / yadyapi kinhIM prAtizAkhyoM meM zikSA tathA chanda kA samAveza upalabdha hotA hai, tathApi prAtizAkhyoM ko vaidika vyAkaraNa kahA jA sakatA hai / ataH prAtizAkhyagranthoM meM smRta AcArya bhI avazya hI vyAkaraNapravaktA rahe hoMge / una kI vyAkaraNapravaktA prAcAryoM meM gaNanA karane para punarukta 10 nAmoM ko chor3a kara lagabhaga 85 picyAsI prAcIna vyAkaraNapravaktA AcAryoM ke nAma hameM jJAta haiM / parantu isa grantha meM hama kevala unhIM prAcAryoM kA ullekha kareMge, jo pANinIya praSTAdhyAyI meM nirdiSTa haiM, tathA jina ke vyAkaraNapravaktA hone meM anya sudRr3ha pramANa milate haiM / prAtizAkhyoM meM nirdiSTa prAcAryoM kA kevala nAmollekha rahegA, vizeSa 15 varNana isa grantha meM nahIM kiyA jAyegA / ATha vyAkaraNa- pravaktA arvAcIna granthakAra pradhAnatayA prATha zAbdikoM kA ullekha karate haiM / haimabRhad vRttyavacUrNi meM pRSTha 3 para nimna ATha vyAkaraNoM kA ullekha hai - 5 brAhmamaizAnamaindraM ca prAjApatyaM bRhaspatim / svASTramApizalaM ceti pANinIyamathASTamam / / isa meM jo ATha vyAkaraNa ginAe haiM - brAhma, aizAna ( = zaiva ) aindra, prAjApatya, bAhspatya, tvASTra, pizala aura pANinIya / 1. prApizala ( zra0 6 / 1 / 92), kAzyapa (a01 / 2 / 25 ), gArgya (zra0 25 8 / 3 / 20), gAlava ( zra0 7 1/74), cAkravarmaNa ( zra0 6 | 1|130), bhAradvAja (07/2/63), zAkaTAyana ( 0 3 | 4 | 111 ), zAkalya ( 0 1|1|16 ), senaka (a0 5 / 4 / 112), sphoTAyana (a0 3 / 1 / 123) / 2. vyAkaraNamaSTaprabhedam / durgaM niruktavRtti ( AnandAzrama saM0) pRSTha 74 / vyAkaraNe'pyaSTaghAbhinne lakSaNaikadezo vikSipta: / durga niruktavRtti, pRSTha 78 / 30 luThitASTa, vyAkaraNaH / prabandhacintAmaNi' pRSTha 68 /

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vyAkaraNazAstra kI utpatti aura prAcInatA Rgveda-kalpadruma meM yAmalASTaka tantra nirdiSTa nimna ATha vyAkaraNa uddhRta haiM brAhma, cAndra, yAmya, raudra, vAyavya, vAruNa, saumya, vaiSNava / bopadeva ne apane kavikalpadruma grantha ke prArambha meM nimna ATha vaiyAkaraNoM kA ullekha kiyA hai-- indrazcandraH kAzakRtsnApizalI zAkaTAyanaH / pANinyamarajainendrA jayantyaSTAdizAbdikAH / / ina meM zAkaTAyana pada se ArvAcIna jaina zAkaTAyana abhipreta hai, vA prAcIna vaidika zAkaTAyana, yaha aspaSTa hai / bhojaviracita sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa kI eka TIkA meM bhI 'aSTa vyAkaraNa' kA ullekha 10 hai| bhAskarAcAryapraNIta lIlAvatI ke kisI-kisI hastalekha ke anta meM pATha vyAkaraNa par3hane kA ullekha upalabdha hotA hai| vikrama kI SaSTha-zatAbdI vA usase pUrvabhAvI niruktavRttikAra durgAcArya 'vyAkaraNamaSTaprabhedam" itanA hI saMketa karatA hai / usa ke mata meM ye pATha vyAkaraNa kauna se the, yaha ajJAta hai / pUrvokta indra, candra, kAza- 15 kRtsna, prApizali, pANini, amara aura jainendra (=pUjyapAda=devanandI) viracita ye sAta vyAkaraNa usa ke mata meM bhI mAne jA sakate haiM / pAThavAM yadi zAkaTAyana ko mAneM, to nizcaya hI vaha pANini se pUrvabhAvI vaidika zAkaTAyana hogA, kyoMki arvAcIna jaina zAkaTAyana 1. hamArA hastalekha, pRSTha 114 / 2. sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa dUjA prakaraNa prArambha'"sA ca pANinyAdi aSTavyAkaraNodita / bhAratIya vidyA, varSa 3, aGka 1, pRSTha 232 meM uddhRta / 3. aSTau vyAkaraNAni SaT ca bhiSajAM vyAcaSTa tAH sNhitaa:........| 4. prAnandAzrama saMska0 pRSTha 74 / .5. paM0 sadAziva lakSmIdhara kAtre ne zatapatha bhASyakAra harisvAmI ko 25 vaikrasAbda pravartaka vikramAditya kA samakAlika siddha kiyA hai| dekho gvAliyara se prakAzita vikrama-dvisahasrAbdI smAraka grantha / tadanunAra AcArya durga ko vikrama pUrva mAnanA hogaa| kyoMki harisvAmI ke guru skandasvAmI ne apanI niruktaTIkA ke prArambha meM durgAcArya kA AdarapUrvaka smaraNa kiyA hai| aisI avasthA meM durgAcArya ne kina aATha vyAkaraNoM kI ora saMketa kiyA hai, yaha 30 batAnA kaThina hai|

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5 10 nava vyAkaraNa rAmAyaNa uttarakANDa ( 36 / 47) meM nava vyAkaraNa kA ullekha hai / " mahArAja rAma ke kAla meM aneka vyAkaraNa vidyamAna the, isakA nirdeza rAmAyaNa kiSkindhA kANDa ( 3 / 29) meM milatA hai / bhaNDArakara risarca iMsTITyUTa pUnA ke saMgraha meM 'gItAsAra' nAmaka grantha kA 15 eka hastalekha hai, usameM bhI nava vyAkaraNa kA ullekha hai / isa grantha kA kAla ajJAta hai / zrItattvavidhi nAmaka vaiSNava grantha meM nimna nau vyAkaraNoM kA ullekha milatA hai / 20 25 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kA kAla vikrama kI 8 vIM zatAbdI kA antima caraNa hai / ' amara zabda se sambhavataH nAmaliGgAnuzAsana kA kartA amarasiMha abhipreta hai| amarasiMhakRta zabdAnuzAsana kA ullekha anyatra nahIM milatA / laukikI kiMvadantI se itanA jJAta hotA hai ki amarasiMha mahAbhASya kA prakANDa paNDita thA / kucha varSa hue paJjAba prAntIya jaina pustaka bhaNDAroM kA eka sUcIpatra paJjAba yUnivarsiTI lAhaura se prakAzita huA hai / usake bhAga 1 pRSTha 13 para amarasiMhakRta uNAdivRtti kA ullekha hai / yaha amarasiMha nAmaliMgAnuzAsanakAra hai vA bhinna vyakti, yaha abhI ajJAta hai / 30 70 aindraM cAndraM kAzakRtsnaM kaumAraM zAkaTAyanam / sArasvataM cApizalaM zAkalyaM pANinIyakam / / rAmAyaNakAla meM kauna se nau vyAkaraNa vidyamAna the, yaha ajJAta hai / " 1. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, pra0 saM0 pRSTha 160, dvi0 saM0 166 / 2. amarasiMho hi pApIyAn sarvaM bhASyamacUcurat / 3. so'yaM navavyAkaraNArthavettA / madrAsa lA jarnala presa 1933 kA saMska0 / 4. dekho pUrva pRSTha 60 TippaNI 4 / 5. gItAsAramidaM zAstra gItAsArasamudbhavam / atra sthitaM brahmajJAnaM vedazAstrasamuccayam / / 55 / / aSTAdaza purANAni nava vyAkaraNAni ca / nirmathya caturo vedAn muninA bhArataM kRtam // 57 // hastalekha naM0 164, san 1883-84 / 6. vyAka0 da0 i0 pRSTha 437 /

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vyAkaraNazAstra kI utpatti aura prAcInatA 71 pAMca vyAkaraNa kAzikA vRtti (4 / 2 / 60) meM pAMca vyAkaraNoM kA ullekha milatA hai| parantu usameM athavA usakI TIkAnoM meM nAma nirdiSTa nahIM haiN| sambhavata: ye aindra, cAndra, pANinIya, kAzakRtsna aura Apizala hoNge| vyAkaraNa-zAstroM ke tIna vibhAga Aja taka jitane vyAkaraNazAstra bane haiM, unako hama tIna vibhAgoM meM bAMTa sakate haiM / yathA 1. chAndasamAtra-prAtizAkhyAdi / 2. laukikmaatr-kaatntraadi| 3. laukika vaidika ubhayavidha-prApizala, pANinIyAdi / ina meM laukika vyAkaraNa ke jitane grantha upalabdha hote haiM, ve saba pANini se arvAcIna haiN| vyAkaraNa-pravaktAoM ke do vibhAga isa samaya hameM jitane vyAkaraNapravaktA prAcAryoM kA jJAna hai, unheM 15 hama do bhAgoM meM bAMTa sakate haiM1. pANini se praaciin| 2. pANini se arvAcIna / pANini se prAcIna AcArya pANini ne apane zabdAnuzAsana meM Apizali, kAzyapa, gArgya, gAlava, cAkravarmaNa, bhAradvAja, zAkaTAyana, zAkalya, senaka aura spho- 20 TAyana ina daza zAbdikoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| ina se atirikta ziva=mahezvara, bRhaspati, indra, vAyu, bharadvAja, bhAguri, pauSkarasAdi, 1. pnycvyaakrnn:| 2. kucha loga paJca vyAkaraNa kA artha sUtrapATha, dhAtupATha, gaNapATha, uNAdipATha aura liGgAnuzAsana samajhate haiN| tathA anya-padaccheda, samAsa, 25 anuvRti, vRtti aura udAharaNa / yadi yaha kalpanA mAnI jAye, to 'paJcAGgavyAkaraNaH' nirdeza honA cAhiye / 3. dekho pUrva pRSTha 68 Ti.1 /

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72 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa cArAyaNa, kAzakRtsna, zantanu, vaiyAghrapadya, mAdhyandini, rauDhi, zaunaki, gotama aura vyADi, ina solaha prAcAryoM kA ullekha anyatra milatA prAtizAkhya Adi raidika vyAkaraNapravaktA' prAtizAkhya-yadyapi prAtizAkhya tat-tat-caraNoM ke vyAkaraNa haiM, tathApi una meM mantroM ke saMhitApATha meM honevAle vikAroM kA pradhAnatayA ullekha hai| jisase padapAThastha mUla padoM ke parijJAna meM suvidhA hove / isI prakAra ina meM padapATha evaM kramapATha sambandhI Avazyaka niyamoM kA nirdeza hai / yAska ke matAnusAra saMhitA ke mUla padapATha 10 ko AdhAra banAkara saba caraNoM ke prAtizAkhyoM kI pravRtti huI hai|' prakRti-pratyaya-vibhAga dvArA padasAdhutva ke anuzAsana kI una meM AvazyakatA hI nahIM par3I / ataH unakI gaNanA pradhAnatayA zabdAnuzAsana granthoM meM nahIM kI jA sktii| isa samaya nimna prAtizAkhya grantha upalabdha hote haiM15 1. Rkpraatishaakhy-shaunkkRt| 2. vAjasaneyaprAtizAkhya-kAtyAyanakRta / 3. sAmaprAtizAkhya (puSpa yA phulla sUtra)-vararucikRta' ? 4, athrvpraatishaakhy.........| 5: taittirIyaprAtizAkhya -......... / 6. maitraaynniiypraatishaakhy-........|" ina ke atirikta cAra prAtizAkhyoM ke nAma prAcIna granthoM meM milate haiM 25 / 1. prAtizAkhya Adi ke viSaya meM isa grantha ke 28veM adhyAya meM vistAra se likhA hai, vahAM dekhanA caahie| 2. padaprakRtIni sarvacaraNAnAM pArSadAni / niru0 1 / 17 // 3. vande vararuci nityamUhAbdheH pAradRzvanam / poto vinirmito yena phullasUtrazatairalam / haradattaviracita sAmavedasarvAnukramaNI, Rktantra ke anta meM mudrita, pRSTha 7 / 4. dra0 maitrAyaNI saMhitA kI prastAvanA, pRSTha 16 (auMdha-saMskaraNa) /

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vyAkaraNazAstra kI utpatti aura prAcInatA / 8. bASkala praatishaakhy...| " 10. cArAyaNaprAtizAkhya... / 7. zrAzvalAyanaprAtizAkhya' 6. zAMkhAyanaprAtizAkhya RkprAtizAkhya nizcaya hI pANini se prAcIna hai, anya prAtizAkhyoM ke viSaya meM hama abhI nizcayapUrvaka nahIM kaha sakate / anya vaidika vyAkaraNa - prAtizAkhyoM ke atirikta tatsadRza anya 5 nimnanirdiSTa vaidika vyAkaraNa upalabdha hote haiM-- 1. Rktantra - zAkaTAyana yA praudavaji praNIta / 2. laghu Rktantra" ....... 3. atharvacaturadhyAyI - zaunaka athavA kautsa praNIta / " 10 3..... 73 1. yaha prAtizAkhya aprApya hai / nApyAzvalAyanAcAryAdikRtaprAtizAkhya 10 siddham / vAja0 prA0 anantabhASya, madrAsa saMska0 pRSTha 4 / 2. upadruto nAma sandhirbASkalAdInAM prasiddhastasyodAharaNam ... / zAMkhAyana zrI bhASya 12 | 13 | 5 || 3. alavara rAjakIya hastalekha saMgraha sUcIpatra grantha saMkhyA 17 / 4. yaha prAtizAkhya zraprApya hai / devapAlaviracita logAkSigRhyabhASya meM 15 yaha uddhRta hai - " tathA ca cArAyaNisUtram ... "purukRte cchacchrayo:, iti puru zabda: kRtazabdazca lupyate yathAsaMkhyaM che chUTe parata: / puru chadanaM puccham, kRtasya chamiti" / 5 / 1 / / pRSTha 101, 102 / A A 5. Rtantra kA saMbandha sAmavedIya rANAyanIya zAkhA se hai - 'rANAyanIyAnAmRtantre prasiddhA visarjanIyasya abhiniSThAnAkhyA iti' / gobhilagRhya bhaTTa 20 nArAyaNabhASya 28 14 // 6. RktantravyAkaraNe zAkaTAyano'pi - idamakSaraM chndo...| nAgeza, laghuzabde - nduzekhara, bhAga 1 pRSTha 7 / RcAM tantravyAkaraNe paJca saMkhyAprapAThakam / zAkaTAyanadevena dvAtriMzat khaNDakAH smRtAH / haradattakRta sAmasarvAnukramaNI, Rtantra ke anta meM mudrita, pRSTha 3 / tathA RktantravyAkaraNasya chAndogyalakSaNasya 25 praNetA pravrajirapyasUtrayat / zabdako tubha 1|1| 8 || anantyAntyasaMyogamadhye yama: pUrvaguNaH (Rktantra 1(2 ) ityaudavajirapi / pANinIya zikSA kI zikSAprakAza TIkA, zikSAsaMgraha pRSTha 388 ityAdi / 7. TinI ke hastalekha ke anta meM zaunaka kA nAma hai / bAlazAstrI gadare gvAliyara ke saMgraha se prApta caturadhyAyI ke hastalekha ke pratyeka adhyAya ke 30 anta meM - " ityatharvavede kautsavyAkaraNe caturadhyAyikAyAM * " pATha upalabdha

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10 15 74 saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa 30 4. pratijJAsUtra - kAtyAyanakRta ? 5. bhASikasUtra - kAtyAyanakRta ? 6. sAmatantra - pravraji yA gArgya kRta' ? 7. prakSaratantra - Apizali kRta / ina meM se prathama pAMca granthoM meM prAtizAkhyavat prAyaH vaidika svarAdi kAryoM kA ullekha hai / saMkhyA 4-5 zuklayajuH prAtizAkhya ke pariziSTa rUpa haiM / antima do granthoM meM sAmagAna ke niyamoM kA varNana hai / prAtizAkhyoM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtAoM kA varNana 28 adhyAya meM kareMge / 1 veM prAtizAkhya Adi meM udadhRta AcArya ina prAtizAkhya Adi vaidika granthoM meM nimna prAcAryoM kA ullekha milatA hai - 1. zragnivezya - tai0 0 prA0 6| 4 || mai0 prA0 3 6 |4 || 2. zragnivezyAyana' - tai0 prA0 15|32|| mai0 prA0 22|32|| 3. zranyatareya ' - R0 prA0 3 | 22 || 4. zrAgastya ' - R0 prA0 varga 1|2 || 5. zrAtreya - tai0 prA0 5 / 31 || 17 | 8 || mai0 prA0 5 / 63 || 2|5||6|8|| 6. indra - Rktantra 1|4|| hotA hai / yaha hastalekha aba oriyaNTala mainuskRpTsa lAyabrarI ujjaina meM 20 surakSita hai / dekho - nyu iNDiyana eNTIkverI, sitambara 1938 meM sadAziva ela0 kAtre kA lekha / 1. sAmatantraM pravakSyAmi sukhArthaM sAmavedinAm / praudavajikRta sUkSmaM sAmagAnAM sukhAvaham / / haradattaviracita sAmavedasarvAnukramaNI pRSTha 4 sAmatantraM tu mAyeNetyevaM vayamupadiSTAH prAmANikairiti satyavrataH / akSaratantra bhUmikA pR0 2 / 25 2. prAtizAkhya kI TIkAoM meM kahIM-kahIM 'agnivezya' aura agnivaizyAyana' nAma bhI milatA hai / prAgnivezya kA gRhyasUtra chapa gayA hai / 3. maitrAyaNIya prAtizAkhya meM uddhRta nAmoM ke liye paM0 sAtavalekara dvArA prakAzita maitrAyaNI saMhitA kA prastAva, pRSTha 16 dekheM / 4. caturadhyAyI 3 / 74 meM 'zranyatareya' pATha hai / 5. zAM0 AraNyaka 7 / 2 meM bhI nirdiSTa hai /

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vyAkaraNazAstra kI utpatti aura prAcInatA 7. ukhya - tai0 prA0 8|22|| 10|20|| 16 / 23 // mai0 prA0 8 / 21 / 10 / 21 / 2 / 4 / 25 / / uttamottarIya - te0 prA0 8|20|| 8. 6. praudavaji' - Rktantra 2 / 6 / 10 // 10. zraupazavi - vAja0 prA0 3 / 131 // bhASikasUtra 220, 22 // 15|7|| me0 prA0 | 1 || 11. kANDamAyana - tai0 prA0 ||1|| 2 / 3 // 7 // 12. kAtyAyana - vAja0 prA0 8 / 53 // 2 13. kANva - vAja0 prA0 1 / 123, 146 // 4|5|| 8 | 51 // 5 / 38 || 18 | 3 || 16 |2 || maM0 prA0 5 / 40 / / 2 / 5 / 4 / / 2|6|3|| 2|6|| 14. kAzyapa - vAja0 prA0 15. kauNDinya - tai0 prA0 16, kohalIputra - tai0 prA0 17|2|| mai0 prA0 252 // 17. gArgya - R0 prA0 1|15|| 6| 36 | | 11 / 17,26 / / 13|31|| vAja0 prA0 4 / 167 // 18. gautama - te0 prA0 5|38|| mai0 prA0 5 / 40 / / 16. jAtUkarNya - vAja0 prA0 4 / 125, 160 | 5|22|| 20. taittirIyaka- tai0 prA0 23 | 17 // taittirIya, te0 prA0 23|18 // 21. dAlbhya - vAja0 prA0 4 / 16 // 22. naMgI - Rktantra 2|6|6|| 4|3|2|| 75 23. paJcAla - R0 prA0 2|33|| 24. pANini - laghu Rktantra, pRSTha 46 // 25. pauSkarasAdi - te0 prA0 5 / 37, 38 || 13 | 16 // 14 // 2 // 17 / 6 / mai0 prA0 5 / 36, 40|| 2|1|16|| 2|5|6 // 26. prAcya paJcAla - R0 prA0 2 / 33, 81 // 27. plAkSAyaNa - tai0 prA0 6 |6|| 14|11, 17 / / 18 / 5 / / me0 prA0 ||6|| 2|6|2, 3|| 1. nAradIya - zikSA meM 'prAcInodava ji' kA ullekha milatA hai / dekho - zikSAsaMgraha pRSTha 443 / 2. sthabira kauNDinya nAma / 10 15 25 30

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 28. plAkSi-te0 prA0 5 // 38 / / 6 / 6 / / 14110, 17 // 18 // 5 // mai0 prA0 5 // 40 // 6 // 6 // 26 // 26. bAbhravya'-R0 prA0 11165 / / 30. bRhaspati-Rktantra 114 // 31. brahmA-Rktantra 14 // 32. bharadvAja-Rktantra 114 // 33. bhAradvAja-tai0 prA0 17 // 3 // mai0 prA0 2 / 12 / / bhASika sUtra 2 // 19 // 36 // 34. mAkSavya-R0 prA0 varga 12 // 35. mAcAkIya-tai0 prA0 10 // 22 // 36. mANDukeya-R0 prA0 varga 1 / 2 // 3 // 14 // 37. mAdhyandina-vA0 prA0 8 / 35 // 38. mImAMsaka-te0 prA0 5 // 41 // 39. yAska-R0 prA0 17 // 4 // 40. vADabI (bhI)kara tai0 prA0 14 / 13 // 41. vAtsapra-tai0 prA0 10 / 23 / mai0 prA0 10 / 23 // 42. vAlmIki tai0 prA0 5 // 36 // 186 // mai0. prA0 5 // 38 // 26 // 2 / 30 / 6 / 4 43. vedamitra-R0 prA0 1151 // 44. vyADi-R0 prA0 3 / 23, 28 // 6 // 43 // 13 // 31, 37 // 45. zAkaTAyana-R0 prA0 1116 // 13 // 36 // vAja0 prA0 3 / 6,12,87 // 4 // 5, 126, 191 // zau0 ca0 2 / 24 // Rktantra 11 // 46. zAkala (=zAkalya ke anuyAyI)-R0 prA0 1164 // 11116, 61 // 47. zAkalya-R0 prA0 3 / 13, 22 // 4 // 13 // 13 // 31 / vAja0 prA0 3 / 10 // 1. bAbhravya-zAlakAyanoM kA virodha, kAzikA 413 // 125; 62 // 37 // zAM0 prA0 7 / 16 meM bAbhravya ko pAJcAla caNDa nAma se smaraNa kiyA hai 2. dra0-zAM0 prA0 7 // 2 // 3. hrasva mANDUkeya-ai0 prA0 3 / 2 / 1,6; zAM0 prA0 7.13; 1,11 // 4. sthavira zAkalya-R0 prA0 2 / 81; ai0 brA0 3 / 26 zAM0 prA0 7117, 8 / 1,11 // 25 30

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vyAkaraNazAstra ko utpatti aura prAcInatA 77 48. zAkalyapitA-R0 prA0 4 / 4 / / 46. zAMkhamitri-zau0 ca0 374 // 50. zAMkhAyana-te0 prA0 157 // mai0 prA0 2 // 37 // 51. zUravIra- R0 prA0 varga 13 // 52. zaravIra-sUta'-R0 prA0 varga // 3 // 53. zaityAyana-tai0 prA0 5 // 40 // 17 // 1,4 // 18 // 2 // mai0 prA0 25 // 1 // 25 // 6 // 216 / 2 / 3 // 54. zaunaka-R0 prA0 varga 11 // vA0 prA0 4 / 122 / / atha0 prA0 112 // zau0 ca0 18 // 2 // 24 // 55. sthavira kauNDinya-tai0 prA0 17 // 4 // ' 56. sthavira zokalya-R0 prA0 2081 // 57. sAMkRtya-tai0 prA0 8 / 20 // 10 // 21 // 16 / 16 / / mai0 prA0 8 // 20 // 10 // 20 // 2 / 4 / 17 / / 58. hArIta-te0 prA0 14 / 18 / / 56. nakulamukha-Rktantra 3 / 3 / 10 kI TIkA meM smRta // ina 56 AcAryoM meM aneka prAcArya vyAkaraNa-zAstra ke pravaktA rahe hoNge| isa grantha meM ina meM se kevala 10 prAcAryoM kA ullekha kiyA hai / zeSa prAcAryoM ke viSaya meM anya sudRr3ha pramANa upalabdha na hone se kucha nahIM likhaa| pANini se arvAcIna AcArya 20 pANini se arvAcIna aneka prAcAryoM ne vyAkaraNasUtra race haiN| una meM se nimna prAcArya pradhAna haiM 1........ kAtantra (2000vi0 pU0) 2 candragomI cAndra (1000 vi0 pU0) 3. kSapaNaka kSapaNaka (vi. prathama zatAbdI) 25 4. devanandI (digvastra) jainendra (saM0 500 se pUrva) 5. vAmana vizrAntavidyAdhara (saM0 400-600) (1000 1. zauravIra mANDakeya-zAM0 prA0 7 / 2 / / 2. te0 prA0 4 / 40 ke mAhiSeyabhASya meM bhI yaha uddhRta hai| 3. dra0--pUrva pRSTha 76 kI Ti0 4 // 30

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5 10 78 6. pAlya kIrti 7. zivasvAmI 8. bhojadeva saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 6. buddhisAgara 10. bhadrezvarasUri 11. vardhamAna 12. hemacandra 13. malayagiri 14. kramadIzvara 15. anubhUtisvarUpa 16. vopadeva 17. padmanAbha jaina zAkaTAyana (saM0 871-924) (saM0 614-940 sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa (saM0 2075 - 1110 ) ( saM0 2080 ) -- - buddhisAgara dIpaka ...... haimavyAkaraNa zabdAnuzAsana jaumara sArasvata mugdhabodha (saM0 1200 se pUrva ) (saM0 1150 - 1225) (saM0 1145 - 1226) (saM0 1988 - 1250 ) ( vi0 1300 se pUrva ) (saM0 1250 ) (saM0 1287 - 1350) ( vi0 14vIM zatAbdI) supadma ina se aririkta anya bhI katipaya prati arvAcIna vyAkaraNakartA hue haiM, una ke grantha yA to nAmamAtra ke vyAkaraNa haiM athavA zraprasiddha 15 haiM / ataH unakA varNana isa grantha meM nahIM kiyA jAyagA / aba agale adhyAya meM pANinIya-tantra meM atullikhita tathA pANini se prAcIna AcAryoM ke viSaya meM likheMge / 34312

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tRtIya adhyAya pAninIyASTaka meM anullikhita prAcIna AcArya isa adhyAya meM una prAcIna vyAkaraNa pravaktA prAcAryoM kA varNana kareMge, jina kA ullekha pANinIya aSTaka meM nahIM milatA / parantu ve pANini se pUrvabhAvI haiM, tathA jinakA vyAkaraNa-pravaktRtva 5 nirvivAda hai| 1-ziva mahezvara (91500 vi0 pUrva) ziva apara nAma mahezvara prokta vyAkaraNa kA ullekha aneka granthoM meM milatA hai / yathA 1-mahAbhArata zAntiparva ke zivasahasranAma meM ziva ko SaDaGga 10 kA pravartaka kahA hai vedAt SaDaGgAnyuddhatya / 284 / 162 // SaDaGga ke antargata vyAkaraNa pradhAna aGga hai / ataH ziva ne vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA pravacana kiyA thA, yaha mahAbhArata ke vacana se sutarAM siddha hai| 2- zlokabaddha pANinIya zikSA ke anta meM likhA hai thenAkSarasamAmnAyamadhigamya mahezvarAt / kRtsnaM vyAkaraNaM proktaM tasmai pANinaye namaH / / isI zloka ke AdhAra para caturdaza pratyAhAra-sUtra mAhezvara-sUtra athavA ziva-sUtra kahe jAte haiN| ' 3-haimabRhadvRttyavacUNi meM pRSTa 3 para likhA hai brAhmamaizAnamaindraJca prAjApatyaM bahaspatima / svASTramApizalaM ceti pANinIyamathASTamam / / . isameM aizAna arthAt IzAna (=ziva) prokta vyAkaraNa kA spaSTa ullekha hai| 25 4-Rgvedakalpadruma ke kartA kezava ne yAmalASTaka tantra ke upa . 15 20

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khA hai 8. saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa zAstranirdezaka kucha zloka udaghRta kie haiM / ve isa prakAra haiM yasmin vyAkaraNAnyaSTau nirUpyante mahAnti ca // 10 // tatrAcaM brAhmamuditaM dvitIyaM caandrmucyte| tRtIyaM yAmyamAkhyAtaM caturtha raudramucyate // 11 // vAyavyaM paJcamaM proktaM SaSThaM vAruNamucyate / saptamaM saumyamAkhyAtamaSTamaM vaiSNavaM tathA // 12 // isa meM bhI raudra ( rudra=zivaprokta) vyAkaraNa kA nirdeza hai| 5-lArasvatabhASya meM bhI likhA hai samudravad vyAkaraNaM mahezvare tarardhakumbhoddharaNaM bRhaspatau / tadbhAgabhAgAcca zataM purandare kuzAgravindUtpatitaM hi pANinau // bhASya vyAkhyA-prapaJca' meM zloka kA nimna pAThAntara upalabdha hotA hai samudravad vyAkaraNaM mahezvare tato'mbukumbhoddharaNaM bRhaspatau / tadabhAgabhAgAcca zataM purandare kuzAgrabindugrathitaM hi pANinau / ' 15 isa zloka se mAhezvara vyAkaraNa kI vizAlatA atyanta spaSTa hai / ina uddharaNoM se spaSTa hai ki ziva ne kisI vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA pravacana kiyA thaa| paricaya vaMza-brahmANDa purANa ke anusAra ziva kI mAtA kA nAma surabhi 20 aura pitA kA nAma prajApati kazyapa thaa| ziba ke 10 sahodara bhAI the| ye bhAratIya itihAsa meM ekAdaza rudra kahAte haiN| sambhavataH ziva ina meM jyeSTha thaa| ziva ke nAma-mahAbhArata anuzAsana parva a0 17 meM zivasahasranAma-stava hai| isa meM ziva ke 1008 nAma varNita hai| zAnti25 parva a0 284 meM bhI zivasahasranAma-stava hai / isa meM cha: sau se kucha 1. puruSottamadeva viracita bhASyavyAkhyA kI ttiikaa|| 2. puruSottamadeva viracita paribhASAvRtti (rAjazAhI saMskaraNa), anubandha 3 pRSTha 126 /

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11 pANinIyASTaka meM anullikhita prAcIna prAcArya 81 Upara nAma ginAe haiN|' nAma-stava kA mahattva-bhAratIya vAGamaya meM zivasahasranAma, viSNusahasranAma, kArtikeyastava', yAjJavalkya aSTottarazatanAma Adi aneka stava athavA stotra upalabdha hote haiM / ye nAma-stava atyanta mahattvapUrNa haiN| ina se stotavya vyakti ke jIvanavRtta para mahattvapUrNa 5 prakAza par3atA hai / nAmastava bhI saMkSipta itihAsa athavA caritalekhana kI eka prAcIna zalo hai| sAmpratika itihAsa-lekhakoM ne ina nAma- ' stavoM kA abhI taka itihAsa kI dRSTi se kucha bhI mUlyAGkana nahIM kiyA / ataeva unhoMne itihAsalekhana meM ina nAmastavoM kA kiJcinmAtra upayoga nahIM kiyaa| hameM bhI ina nAmastavoM kA uparyukta 10 mahattva kucha samaya pUrva hI samajha meM AyA hai / yadyapi mahAbhArata anuzAsana pavaM a0 17 meM paThita zivasahasra-nAma stavoM meM aitihAsika aMza ke sAtha prAdhidaivika tathA adhyAtma aMza kA bhI saMmizraNa ho gayA hai, tathApi isa meM aitihAsika aMza adhika hai| zivasahasranAma se vidita hone vAle aneka jIvanavRttoM kI vaidika laukika ubhayavidha 15 granthoM se bhI puSTi hotI hai| hama mahAbhAratIya zivasahasranAma-stava se vidita hone vAle vRtta meM se katipaya mahattvapUrNa aMzoM kA ullekha prAge kreNge| pradhAna nAma-ziva ke ziva, bhava, zaMkara, zambhu, pinAkI, zUlapANI, mahezvara, mahAdeva, sthANu, girIza, vizAlAkSa aura tryambaka prabhRti 20 pradhAna aura prasiddhatama nAma hai| zarva-bhava-zatapatha 1173 / 8 meM likhA hai ki prAcyadezavAsI ziva ke lie zarva zabda kA vyavahAra karate haiM, aura bAhIka' bhava kaa| mahAdeva-mahAbhArata karNaparva 34 / 13 ke anusAra tripuradAha 25 1. tatra nAmapAThe kiJcidadhikAni SaT zatanAmAnyupanabhyante / 73 | zloka'kI nIlakaNTha kI vyAkhyA / .2. mahA0 vana0 a0 233 // 3. satalaja se siMdhunada paryanta kA deza / paJcAnAM sindhuSaSThAnAmanantaraM ye samAzritaH / bAhI kA nAma te dezAH / mahA0 karNa0 4417 // 4. zarva iti yathA prAcyA pAcakSate, bhava iti yathA bAhIkAH / 30

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52 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa rUpI mahattvapUrNa kArya ke kAraNa ziva kA 'mahAdeva' nAma prasiddha huaaa| sthANu-mahAbhArata anuzAsana parva pra084 zloka 60-72 ke anusAra ziva ne devoM ke hita kI kAmanA se unakI prArthanA para aviplutabrahmacarya vrata dhAraNa kiyaa| isalie ziva ko brahmacArI', 5 UrdhvaretA', UrdhvaliGga', aura UrdhvazAyI' (=uttAnazAyI) bhI kahate haiM / yataH ziva ne nitya brahmacarya ke kAraNa pArvatI meM kisI vaMzakara (=putra) ko utpanna nahIM kiyA, isa kAraNa viSa kA eka nAma sthANu bhA prasiddha huaa| loka meM bhI phalazAkhA-vihIna zuSka vRkSa (Tha) ke lie sthANu zabda kA vyavahAra hotA hai / vizAlAkSa-mahAbhArata anuzAsana parva 1737 meM vizAlAkSa nAma par3hA hai| yaha nAma ziva ko rAjanIti-viSayaka dIrghadaSTi ko prakaTa karatA hai / kauTilya ne apane arthazAstra meM vizAlAkSa nAma se ziva ke arthazAstra ke aneka mata udghata kie haiN| ziva paramayogI the, parantu devoM kI prArthanA para unhoMne tAtkAlika 15 devAsura saMgrAmoM meM aneka bAra mahattvapUrNa bhAga liyaa| unameM tripura dAha eka vizeSa ghaTanA hai / yaha eka aisA mahAna kArya thA / jise anya koI bhI deva karane meM asamartha thA / ataeva tripuradAha ke kAraNa ziva deva se mahAdeva bane / samudramanthana ke samaya loka kalyANa ke lie ziva kA viSapAna karanA, aura yogaja-zakti se 20 use jIrNa kara denA bhI eka AzcaryamayI ghaTanA thii| isI prakAra dakSa prajApati ke yajJa kA dhvaMsa bhI eka vizeSa ghaTanA thii| isI meM indra ke bhrAtA pUSA kA danta bhagna huA thaa| gRha-hemacandra kRta abhidhAnacintAmaNi koSa ko svopajJa TIkA meM zeSa ke koSa kA eka vacana uddhRta hai / usa meM ziva kA nAma gadya25 1. mahA0 anu. 17175 // 2. mahA0 anu0 17146 / / UrdhvaretA:-praviplutabrahmacaryaH / UrdhvaliGgaH adholiGgo hi retaH siMcati, na tuurdhvlinggH| UrdhvazAyI-uttAnazAyI-iti nIlakaNThaH / 3. sthiraliGgazca yannityaM tasmAt sthANuriti smRtaH // nityena brahmacaryeNa liGgamasya yadA sthitam / / mahA* anu0 161 // 11, 15 // 30 4. tulanA karo-indra kA vRtra-vadha se mahendra bananA (indra prakaraNa meM dekheN)| 5. pUSNo dantavinAzanaH / mahA0 zAnti. 284 // 46 //

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pANinoyASTaka meM anullikhita prAcIna prAcArya nuru likhA hai| usase vidita hotA hai ki ziva janma se hI paramajJAnI the| unhoMne kisI se vidyAdhyayana nahIM kiyA thA, arthAt ve sAkSAtkRtadharmA the| ziva kA zAstrajJAna-bhAratIya vAGamaya meM brahmA ke sAtha-sAtha ziva ko bhI aneka vidyAoM kA pravartaka mAnA gayA hai| mahAbhArata 5 zAntiparva a0 142 / 47 (kumbhaghoNa saMska0) meM sAta mahAn vedapAragoM meM ziva kI gaNanA bhI kI hai| mahAbhArata ke isI parva ke pra0 284 meM likhA hai sAMkhyAya sAMkhyamukhyAya sAMkhyayogapravatine // 114 // gItavAvitratattvajJo gItavAdanakapriyaH // 142 // zilpika, zilpinA zreSThaH sarvazilpapravartakaH // 148 // arthAt-ziva sAMkhyayoga jJAna kA pravartaka, gItavAditra kA tattvajJa, zilpiyoM meM zreSTha tathA sarvavidha zilpoM kA pravartaka thA / mahAbhArata zAntiparva 284 / 192 meM ziva ko vedAGgoM kA bhI pravartaka kahA haiM vedAt SaDaGgAnyuddhRtya / matsya purANa a0 251 ke prArambha meM varNita 18 prakhyAta vAstuzAstropadezakoM meM vizAlAkSa=ziva kI bhI gaNanA kI hai / Ayurveda ke rasatantroM meM zivako rasavidyA kA parama jJAtA kahA hai / Ayurveda ke aneka granthoM meM ziva ke aneka yoga udadhRta haiN| 20 ___ kauTilya arthazAstra meM sthAna-sthAna para vizAlAkSa ke matoM kA nirUpaNa upalabdha hotA hai| mahAbhArata zAntiparva 56 / 81, 82 ke anusAra vizAlAkSa ne daza sahasra adhyAyoM meM arthazAstra kA saMkSepa kiyA thaa| ziSya-ziva ne aneka zAstroM kA pravacana kiyA thA / isalie 25 unake ziSya bhI aneka rahe hoMge / parantu unake nAmAdi jJAta nahIM haiN| yAdavaprakAza kRta piGgala chandaHzAstra kI TIkA ke anta meM jo zloka milate haiM, una meM prathama ke anusAra ziva ne bRhaspati ko chandaHzAstra kA upadeza kiyA thaa| dvitIya zloka ke anusAra guha ko aura tRtIya zloka ke anusAra pArvatI aura nandI ko chandaHzAstra kA 30

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84 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa pravacana kiyA thaa| nandI ziva kA priyatama ziSya aura usakA anucara thaa| kAla-ziva kA kAla satayuga kA caturtha caraNa hai / isa prakAra ziva kA prAdurbhAva Aja se lagabhaga 11 sahasra varSa pUrva hai| 5. dIrghajIvI- asAdhAraNa prakhaNDa brahmacarya, yogaja zakti aura rasAyana ke sevana se ziva ne mRtyu ko jIta liyA thaa| ve asAdhAraNa dIrthajIvI the| isI kAraNa unheM mRtyuJjaya bhI kahA jAtA hai / - ziva-prokta anya zAstra-zrI kavirAja sUramacanda jI ne apane 'pAyurveda kA itihAsa' grantha meM pRSTha 83-86 taka zivaprokta 12 granthoM 10 kA ullekha kiyA hai / ina meM adhikatara AyurvedasaMbandhI haiN| anya granthoM meM vaizAlAkSa arthazAstra, dhanurveda, vAstuzAstra, nATyazAstra aura chandaHzAstra pramukha haiN| mImAMsA-zAstra-sucarita mizra ne mImAMsA zlokavArtika kI kAzikA nAmnI TIkA meM mahezvara prokta mImAMsA zAstra kA ullekha 15 kiyA hai - guruparvakramAtmakazca sambandho yathehaiva kaizciduktaH-brahmA mahezvaro vA mImAMsAM prajApataye provAca, prajApatirindrAya, indra prAdityAyetyevamAdi / bhAga 1, pRSTha 6 // 2-bRhaspati (10000 vi0 pUrva) bRhaspati ke zabdazAstra-pravaktRtva kA varNana pUrva adhyAya meM kiyA jA cukA hai / haimabRhadvRttyavarNi, yAmalASTaka tantra aura sArasvatabhASya ke jo uddharaNa ziva ke prakaraNa meM die haiM, una meM bhI bRhaspati ke zabdazAstra-pravacana kA spaSTa nirdeza prApta hotA hai| 25 bRhaspati ke paricaya Adi ke viSaya meM jo kucha bhI vaktavya thA, vaha pUrva adhyAya meM (pRSTha 64-65) bRhaspati ke prasaGga meM likha cuke| bArhaspatya tantra kA pravacana prakAra mahAbhASya kA pUrva pRSTha 65 (Ti. 1) para jo uddharaNa diyA hai,

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pANinIyASTaka meM anullikhita prAcIna prAcArya 85 usa se vidita hotA hai ki bRhaspati ne zabdoM kA pratipada pATha dvArA upadeza kiyA thaa| isa kI puSTi nyAyamaJjarI meM uddhRta prauzanasa (=uzanA ke) vacana se bhI hotI hai / yathA tathA ca bRhaspati:-'pratipadamazakyatvAllakSaNasyApyavyavasthAnAt tatrApi skhalitaparzanAd anavasthAprasaMgAcca maraNAnto vyAdhiyAkara- 5 Namiti prauzanasAH' iti / ' yaha pratipada pATha bhI kisa prakAra kA thA, yaha nizcita rUpa se nahIM kahA jA sktaa| punarapi hamArA anumAna hai ki bArhaspatya zabdapArAyaNa grantha meM zabdoM ke rUpasAdRzya ke AdhAra para nAmoM vA AkhyAtoM kA saMgraha rahA hogA / isa saMbhAvanA meM nimna hetu haiM- 10 1-pANini Adi samasta vaiyAkaraNa dhAtuoM kA saMgraha vizeSa unake rUpasAdRzya ke AdhAra para hI karate haiM / arthAt zap Adi vibhinna vikaraNoM athavA usake prabhAva ke AdhAra para 10 gaNoM (kAzakRtsna aura kAtantra 6 gaNoM) meM vibhakta karate haiM / isI prakAra bRhaspati ne dhAtu aura nAmoM (-prAtipadikoM) kA 15 pravacana bhI rUpasAdRzya ke AdhAra para kiyA hogaa| 2-pANini ne dIrgha IkArAnta UkArAnta strIliGga zabdoM kI nadI saMjJA kahI hai / pANinIya tantra meM sampUrNa mahatI (ekAkSara se adhika) saMjJAeM prAcIna bhAvAryoM kI haiM / mahatI saMjJAe anvartha mAnI gaI haiN| parantu ekamAtra nadI saMjJA aisI hai, jo mahatI hotI haI bhI 20 anvartha nahIM hai / isa se vidita hotA hai ki yaha nadI saMjJA usa tantrAntara se saMgahIta hai, jisa meM nAmoM ke rUpasAdRzya ke AdhAra para zabdasamUhoM kA pATha thaa| aura usa dIrgha IkArAnna UkArAnta zabdasamUha ke Adi meM nadI zabda prayukta hone se vaha sArA samudAya nadI zabda se vyavahRta hotA thaa| Aja bhI hama tattada gaNoM kA usa-usa gaNa ke 25 Adi meM paThita zabda ke sAtha Adi zabda kA prayoga karake sarvAdi svarAdi ke rUpa meM karate haiN| 3-pANini kI nadI saMjJA ke samAna kAtantra meM hastra ikArAnta uMkArAnta kI agni saMjJA, aura dIrgha AkArAnta kI zraddhA saMjJA kA 1. lAjarasa kampanI kAzI mudrita, pRSTha 418 /

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ullekha milatA hai / ' kAtantra vyAkaraNa aindra sampradAya kA hai| bRhaspati indra kA guru hai| ataH kAtantra kI agni zraddhA aura nadI saMjJAnoM se yahI dhvanita hotA hai ki ye zabda kisI samaya tattad samAnarUpa vAle samUhoM ke 5 pAdyA zabda the / unheM hI uttaravartI vaiyAkaraNoM ne saMjJArUpa se svIkAra kara liyaa| pANini kA vizeSa sUtra-pANini kA eka sUtra haiM goto Nit (7 / 1 / 60 ) / isa sUtra meM go zabda se paJcamyarthaka tasila kA nirdeza hai| sampUrNa pANinIya tantra meM kahIM para bhI zabdavizeSa se tasila kA 10 nirdeza nahIM kiyA gyaa| kucha vaiyAkaraNa ise taparanirdeza mAnate haiM, vaha bhI yukta nhiiN| kyoMki taparanirdaza varNa ke sAtha kiyA jAtA hai, na ki zabda ke sAtha / itanA hI nahIM, isa sUtra meM kevala 'go' zabda kA nirdeza mAnane para yo zabda kA upasaMkhyAna bhI karanA par3atA hai| ye saba kaThinAiyAM tabhI upasthita hotI haiM, jaba isa sUtra meM go zabda kA 15 nirdeza svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai| yadi kAtantra kI agni-zraddhA-nadI aura pANini kI nadI saMjJA ke samAna isa go zabda ko bhI zabdapArAyaNAntargata okArAnta zabdoM kA Adya zabda mAna kara saMjJAvAcI zabda mAna liyA jAe, to koI Apatti nahIM pAtI aura tasila se nirdeza bhI aJjasA upapanna ho jAtA hai| aisI avasthA meM isa sUtra ke proto 20 Nit pATha meM mUlataH koI antara nahIM par3atA, aura nA hI dyo zabda ke upasaMkhyAna kI AvazyakatA rahatI hai| ___ mahAbhASyakAra ne prautomzaso: sUtra para kahA hai-pA gota itivaktavyama / isa para kaiyaTa ne likhA hai-'gota ityokArAntolakSaNArtha vA vyAkhyeyam' / agni, zraddhA, nadI saMjJAvat yadi yahAM bhI 'go' prokA25 rAntoM kI saMjJA svIkAra kara leM, to aokArAntoM ke upalakSaNArtha mAnane kI bhI AvazyakatA nahIM rahatI aura tasila pratyaya tathA taparanirdeza ke prayoga meM hamane jo doSa darzAye haiM, ve bhI upapanna nahIM hote| bRhaspati ke zAstra kA nAma-bRhaspati ne indra ke lie jisa 30 zabdazAstra kA pravacana kiyA thA, usa kA nAma zabdapArAyaNa thA, 1. kAtantra sU 20118, 10 //

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pANinIyASTaka meM anullikhita prAcIna prAcArya aisA mahAbhASya ke vyAkhyAtA bhartRhari aura kaiyaTa kA mata hai|' bRhaspati ke zabdapArAyaNa grantha meM kie gaye pratipada pATha ke prakAra ke viSaya meM hamane jo vicAra upasthita kiyA hai, vaha satya ke nikaTa hai, tathApi vaha abhI aura pramANoM kI apekSA rakhatA hai| 3-indra (9500 vi0 pU0) taittirIya saMhitA 6 / 4 / 7 ke pramANa se hama pUrva likha cuke haiM ki devoM kI prArthanA para devarAja indra ne sarvaprathama vyAkaraNazAstra kI racanA kii| usa se pUrva saMskRta bhASA avyAkRta vyAkaraNa-saMbandha rAhata thii| indra ne sarvaprathama pratipada prakRti-pratyaya-vibhAga kA vicAra karake zabdopadeza kI prakriyA pracalita kii| paricaya vaMza-indra ke pitA kA nAma kazyapa prajApati thA, aura mAtA kA nAma aditi / aditi dakSa prajApati kI kanyA thii| kauTilya ne apane arthazAstra 1 / 8 meM bAhudantI-putra kA mata uddhRta kiyA hai / prAcIna TIkAkAroM ke matAnusAra bAhudantI-putra kA artha indra hai| 15 kyA aditi kA nAmAntara bAhudantI bhI thA ? mahAbhArata zAnti parva a0 56 meM bAhudantaka zAstra kA ullekha hai| bhrAtA-mahAbhArata tathA purANoM meM indra ke gyAraha sahodara kahe haiN| ve saba aditi kI santAna hone se Aditya kahAte haiN| unake nAma haiM-dhAtA, aryamA, varuNa, aMza (aMzumAn), bhaga, vivasvAn, 20 pUSA, parjanya, tvaSTA aura viSNa' / / inameM viSNa saba se kaniSTha hai / agni aura soma bhI indra ke bhAI haiM, parantu sahodara nhiiN| 1. zabdapArAyaNaM rUDhizabdo'yaM kasyacit granthasya vAcaka / bhartR 0 mahA. bhASya dIpikA pRSTha 21 (hamArA hastalekha) pUnA saMskaraNa, pRSTha 17 / zabdapArAyaNazabdo yogarUDha: zAstravizeSasya / kaiyaTa, mahAbhASyapradIpa navA0 25 pRSTha 51, nirNayasAgara saM0 / 2. pUrva pRSTha 66 // . 3. prAdiparva 66 / 15,16 // 4. bhaviSya0 brA0pa0 78, 53 // 5. ina meM se pATha AdityoM ke nAma tANDya brAhmaNa 24 / 12 / 4 meM likhe haiM 6. prajApatirindramasRjatAnujamavaraM devAnAm / te0 prA0 2 / 2 / 10 // 7. sa indro'gnISomo bhrAtarAvabravIt / zata0 11 / 16 / 16 //

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58 . saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa - prAcArya-indra ke nyUnAtinyUna pAMca prAcArya the-prajApati, bRhaspati, azvinIkumAra, bhRtyu arthAta yama aura kauzika vizvAmitra / chAndogya upaniSad 87-11 meM likhA hai ki indra ne prajApati se AtmajJAna sIkhA thaa| zlokavArtika ke TIkAkAra pArthasArathi mizra dvArA uddhRta purAtana vacana ke anusAra indra ne prajApati se mImAMsAzAstra par3hA thA / ' gopatha brAhmaNa 1 / 1 / 25 meM indra aura prajApati kA saMvAda hai| ina tInoM sthAnoM meM ullikhita prajApani kauna hai yaha ajJAta hai / bahata sambhava hai vaha kazyapa prajApati ho / Rktantra ke anusAra indra ne bRhaspati se zabdazAstra kA adhyayana kiyA thA / bArhaspatya athazAstra viSayaka sUtroM meM bRhaspati se nItizAstra par3hane kA ullekha hai|' piGgala chanda ke TIkAkAra yAdavaprakAza ke mata meM duzcyavana =indra ne bRhaspati se chandaHzAstra kA adhyayana kiyA thA / caraka aura suzruta meM likhA hai ki indra ne azvi-kumAroM se Ayurveda par3hA thA / vAyupurANa 103 / 60 ke anusAra mRtyu =yama ne indra ke liye purANa 15 kA pravacana kiyA thaa| jaiminIya brA0 2176 ke anusAra indra devA sura saMgrAma meM cirakAla paryanta vyApRta rahane se vedoM ko bhUla gayA thA, usane punaH (apane ziSya) kauzika vizvAmitra se vedoM kA adhyayana kiyaa| ziSya-zAMkhAyana AraNyaka ke vaMzabrAhmaNa ke anusAra vizvA20 mitra ne indra se yajJa aura adhyAtma vidyA par3hI thii| Rktantra ke pUrvo 1. tadyathA brahmA prajApataye provAca, so'pIndrAya, so'pyAdityAya / pRSTha 8. kAzI sN0| 2. dekho pUrva pRSTha 62, brahmA ke prakaraNa meM uddhRt| 3. bRhaspatirathAcArya indrAya nItisarvasvamupadizati / grantha ke prArambha meM / 25 prAcIna bArhaspatya arthazAstra isa se bhinna thA / 4. .... lebhe surANAM guruH / tasmAd duzcyavana " / chandaHTIkA ke anta meM / uddhRta vai0 vA0 itihAsa, brAhmaNa aura AraNyaka bhAga / ___5. azvibhyAM bhagavAJchatra: / caraka sUtra 1 / 5 // azvibhyAmindraH / suzruta sU0 1 / 16 / / 6. mRtyuzcendrAya vai punaH / 30 7. yaddha vA asurairmahAsaMgrAmaM saMyete taddha vedAn nirAcakAra / tAn ha vizvAmitrAdadhi jge| tena ha vai kauzika Uce / / 8. vizvAmitra indrAt 15 // 1 //

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12 pANinIyASTaka meM anullikhita prAcIna prAcArya 86 ddhRta uddharaNa meM likhA hai ki bharadvAja ne indra se zabdazAstra kA adhyayana kiyA thaa| caraka ne kahA hai-bharadvAja ne indra se Ayurveda par3hA thA aura Atreya punarvasu ne bharadvAja se', parantu vAgbhaTa ne Atreya punarvasu ko indra kA sAkSAt ziSya likhA hai| yaha bharadvAja surAcArya bRhaspati AGgirasa kA putra hai| isa kA varNana hama anupada kreNge| 5 suzruta ke anusAra dhanvantari ne indra se zalyacikitsA sIkhI thii| Ayurveda kI kAzyapa sahitA meM likhA hai-indra ne kAzyapa, vasiSTha, atri aura bhagu ko Ayurveda par3hAyA thaa| vAyupurANa 103 / 60 meM likhA hai indra ne vasiSTha ko purANopadeza kiyA thA / piGgalachanda ke TIkAkAra yAdavaprakAza ke mata meM indra ne asura-guru zukrAcArya ko 10 chandaHzAstra par3hAyA thaa| pArthasArathi mizra dvArA uddhRta prAcIna vacanAnusAra indra ne Aditya ko mImAMsAzAstra par3hAyA thaa| yaha Aditya kauna thA ? yaha ajJAta hai| deza-pUrA kAla meM bhAratavarSa ke uttara himavata pAva nivAsa karane vAlI Arya jAti 'deva' kahAtI thii| devarAja indra usa kA 15 adhipati thA / vizeSa ghaTanAeM-chAndogya upaniSada 87-11 meM likhA hai ki indra ne adhyAtmajJAna ke lie prajApati ke samIpa (32+32+32 +5=)101 varSa brahmacarya pAlana kiyA thaa| pUrA kAla meM aneka devAsura saMgrAma hue| vAyu-purANa 67172-76 meM ina kI saMkhyA12 20 likhI hai / ye saba indra kI adhyakSatA meM hue the| ina kA kAla nyUnAtinyUna 300 varSa ke lagabhaga hai| isa sudIrgha devAsura saMgrAma kAla meM indra vedoM se vimukha ho gayA / devAsura saMgrAmoM ke samApta hone para usane apane ziSya vizvAmitra se punaH vedoM kA adhyayana kiyA / isa 25 1. RSiprokto bharadvAjastasmAcchakramupAgamat / caraka sUtra0 115 // 2. caraka sUtra0 1027-30 // 3. sozvinau, to sahasrAkSaM, so'triputrAdikAn munon / aSTAGgahRdaya sUtra0 1 // 3 // 4. indrAdaham / sUtra0 1 / 16 / 5, hara RSibhyazcaturthya: kshyp-vsisstth-atri-bhRgubhyH| pRSTha 42 / . 6. indrazcApi vsisstthaay| 7. tasmAd duzcyavanastato'suraguruH... " / chanda:TIkA ke anta meN| 8. pUrva pRSTha 88, Ti0 1 / 30

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa prakAra indra kauzika banA / mai0 saM0 4 / 68 tathA kAThaka saMhitA 28 / 3 ke anusAra indra ne vRtra kA vadha karake mahendra nAma prApta kiyA / 60 5 indra kI mantripariSad - kauTilya arthazAstra 1115 ke anusAra indra kI mantripariSad meM eka sahasra RSi the / isI kAraNa vaha sahasrAkSa kahAtA thA / indra ke sahasrabhAgarUpa paurANika kathA kA yahI mUla hai / 20 brAhmaNa se kSatriya - indra janma se brAhmaNa thA, karma se kSatriya bana gayA / " 10 dIrghajIvI - indra bahuta dIrghajIvI thA / usane kevala adhyAtmajJAna ke liye 101 varSa brahmacarya kA pAlana kiyA / taittirIya brAhmaNa 3|10|11 meM likhA hai ki indra ne apane priya ziSya bharadvAja ko tRtIya puruSAyuSa kI samApti para veda kI anantatA kA upadeza kiyA thA / * tadanusAra indra nyUnAtinyUna 600-700 varSa avazya jIvita 15 rahA hogA / caraka cikitsA sthAna pra 1 meM indrokta kaI aise rasAyanoM kA ullekha hai jina ke sevana se eka sahasra varSa kI Ayu hotI hai / ina rasAyanoM kA sevana karake indra svayaM bhI dIrghAyu huA aura apane priya ziSya bharadvAja ko bhI dIrghAyuSya prApta karAyA / kAla indra kA nizcita kAla nirNaya karanA kaThina hai / bhAratIya prAcIna vAGmaya meM jo varNana milatA hai usase jJAta hotA hai ki yaha indra 1. pUrva pRSTha 88 Ti07 / 2. indro vai dhRtramahan so'nyAn devAn pratyamanyata / sa mahendro'bhavat / mai0 saM0 / indro vai vRtraM hatvA sa mahendro'bhavat / kA0 saM0 / tulanA karo - 25 indro vRtravadhenaiva mahendraH samapadyata / mahA0 zAnti0 15 / 15 kumbha0 saM0 // 3. indrasya hi mantripariSad RSINAM sahasram / tasmAdimaM dvayakSaM sahasrAkSamAhuH / 4. indro vai brAhmaNaH putraH karmaNA kSatriyo'bhavat // mahA0 zAnti0 22 / 11 kumbha0 saM0 // 5. bharadvAjo ha trIbhirAyubhirbrahmacaryamuvAsa / taM jINi sthaviraM zayanarindra upavrajyovAca / bharadvAja ! yatte cturthmaayurddyaam......| 30

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pANinIyASTaka meM anullikhita prAcIna prAcArya kRtayuga ke anta meM arthAt vikramI se 6500 sAr3he nau sahasra pUrva huA thaa| hamArI kAla gaNanA-hamane isa itihAsa meM prAcIna kAla gaNanA kRta, tretA aura dvApara yugoM kI divyavarSa saMkhyA ko saura varSa mAna kara kI hai| hamArA vicAra hai, divya varSa zabda saura varSa kA paryAya hai / 5 tadanusAra kRta yuga kA 4800, tretA kA 3600 aura dvApara kA 2400 varSa parimANa hai| isI prakAra bhArata yuddha ko vikramI se 3045 varSa pUrva mAnA hai|' isa para vizeSa vicAra isI grantha meM anyatra kiyA jaaygaa| prataH Upara diyA hA indra kA kAla nyUnAtinyUna hai| vaha isa se adhika prAcIna ho sakatA hai, nyUna nahIM / indra bahuta dIrghajIvI 10 thA, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiN| aindra vyAkaraNa aindra vyAkaraNa isa samaya upalabdha nahIM hai, parantu isakA ullekha aneka granthoM meM upalabdha hotA hai / jaina zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa 1 / 2 / 37 meM indra kA mata uddhata hai| laGkAvatArasUtra meM bhI aindra zabdazAstra 15 smata hai| somezvarasUri viracita yazastilaka campU meM aindra vyAkaraNa kA nirdeza upalabdha hotA hai / haimabRhadvatyavacUrNi meM aindra vyAkaraNa kA saMketa milatA hai| prasiddha musalamAna yAtrI alberUnI ne apanI bhAratayAtrA varNana meM aindra tantra kA ullekha kiyA hai| devabodha ne mahAbhAratarIkA ke prArambha meM mAhendra' nAma se aindra vyAkaraNa kA 20 nirdeza kiyA hai| vopadeva ne kavikalpadruma ke prArambha meM ATha vaiyAkaraNoM meM indra kA nAma likhA hai / kavIndrAcArya sarasvatI ke pustakAlaya kA jo sUcIpatra upalabdha huA hai, usameM vyAkaraNa kI 1. bhArata yuddha kA yaha kAla bhAratIya itihAsa meM sunizcita hai| 2. barAvA ngsiindrsyaaci| 3. indro'pi mahAmate anekazAstravidagdha- 25 buddhiH svshaastrprnnetaa....."| Teknikala Tarsa Apha saMskRta grAmara pRSTha 280 (pra0 saM0) para uddhRt| 4. prathama prAzvAsa, pRSTha 60 / 5. aindrezAnAdiSu vyAkaraNeSu cAjjhalAdirUpasyAsiddheH / pRSTha 10 / 6. alberUnI kA bhArata, bhAga 2, pRSTha 40 / / 7. pUrNa pRSTha 46 para udadhuta 'yAnyujjahAra......'zloka / 30 8. pUrva pRSTha 66 para uddhRta 'indrazcandraH...' zloka /

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62 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa pustakoM meM aindra vyAkaraNa kA ullekha hai|' kathAsaritsAgara ke anusAra aindra tantra purAkAla meM hI naSTa ho gayA thaa| ataH kavIndrAcArya ke sUcIpatra meM nirdiSTa aindra vyAkaraNa kadAcit arvAcIna grantha hogaa| paNDita kRSNamAcArya ko bhUla -paM0 kRSNamAcArya ne apane 5 'klAsikala saMskRta liTarecara' grantha ke pRSTha 811 para likhA hai ki bharata ke nATyazAstra meM aindra vyAkaraNa aura yAska kA ullekha hai| hamane bharata-nATyazAstra kA bhale prakAra anuzIlana kiyA hai aura nATyAzAstra kA pArAyaNa hamane kevala paM0 kRSNamAcArya ke lekha kI satyatA jAnane ke lie kiyA, parantu hameM aindra vyAkaraNa aura yAska 10 kA ullekha nATyazAstra meM kahIM nahIM milaa| hAM, nATyazAstra ke pandrahaveM adhyAya meM vyAkaraNa kA kucha viSaya nirdiSTa hai aura vaha kAtantra vyAkaraNa se bahuta samAnatA rakhatA hai / isa viSaya meM hama kAtantra ke prakaraNa meM vistAra se likheNge| DA. velavelkara kI bhUla-DAkTara velavelkara kA mata hai-kADhantra 15 hI prAcIna aindra tantra hai| unakA mata atyanta bhramapUrNa hai, yaha hama anupada drshaaeNge| saMbhava hai kRSNamAcArya ne DA0 velavelkara ke mata ko mAna kara hI bharata nATyazAstra meM aindra vyAkaraNa kA ullekha samajhA hogaa| aindra tantra aura tamila vyAkaraNa 10 agastya ke 12 ziSyoM meM eka paNaMpAraNAra thA / usa ne tamila vyAkaraNa likhaa| usake grantha kA AdhAra aindra vyAkaraNa thaa| tolakAppiyaM para isI paNaMpAraNAra kA bhUmikAtmaka vacana hai / ' yaha tolakAppiyaM IsA se bahuta pUrva kA grantha hai / isa meM zlokAtmaka pANinIya, zikSA ke zlokoM kA anuvAda hai / ' aindra tantra kA parimANa hama pUrva likha cuke haiM ki pratyeka viSaya ke Adima grantha atyanta vistRta the| uttarottara manuSyoM kI Ayu ke hrAsa aura mati ke manda hone ke kAraNa saba grantha kramaza saMkSipta kiye gaye / aindra vyAkaraNa 1. sUcIpatra pRSTha 6 / 2. Adi se taraGga 4, zloka 24, 25 / 30 3. dekho pI.aila. subrahmaNya zAstrI, ema. e. pI eca. DI. kA lekha jarnala moriyaNTala risarca madrAsa, san 1931,pRSTha 183 / 4. pUrva pRSTha 6 / 25

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pANinIyASTaka meM anullikhita prAcIna prAcArya 13 apane viSaya kA prathama grantha hai / yaha grantha bhI atyanta vistRta thaa| 12 vIM zatAbdI se pUrvabhAvI mahAbhArata kA TIkAkAra devabodha likhatA hai yAnyujjahAra mAhendrAd vyAso vyAkaraNArNavAt / padaratnAni ki tAni santi pANinigoSpade / isa vacana se aindra tantra ke vistAra kI kalpanA sahaja meM kI jA sakatI hai| tibbatIya granthoM ke anusAra aindra vyAkaraNa kA parimANa 25 sahasra zloka thaa| pANinIya vyAkaraNa kA parimANa lagabhaga eka sahasra zloka hai| tadanusAra aindra tantra pANinIya vyAkaraNa se lagabhaga 25 gunA bar3A rahA hogaa| kaI vyakti uparyukta zloka meM 'mAhendrAt' ke sthAna meM 'mAhezAt' par3hate haiN| yaha ThIka nahIM hai / yaha zloka devabodha kA svaracita hai / isa meM 'mAhendrAt' kA koI pAThabheda upalabdha nahIM hotaa| aindra vyAkaraNa ke sUtra kathAsaritsAgara meM likhA haiM ki aindra tantra ati purA kAla meM hI 15 naSTa ho cukA thA, parantu mahAn harSa kA viSaya hai ki usa ke do sUtra prAcIna granthoM meM hameM surakSita upalabdha ho gaye / aintra kA prathama sUtra- vikrama kI prathama zatAbdI meM hone vAle bhaTTAraka harizcandra ne apanI carakavyAkhyA meM likhA hai| zAstreSvapi-'atha varNasamUha' iti aindravyAkaraNasya / 20 tadanusAra aindra vyAkaraNa kA prathama sUtra 'atha varNasamUhaH' thaa| isase spaSTa hai ki usa meM pANinIya aSTaka ke samAna prArambha meM 25 1. jarnala gaMgAnAtha jhA risarca iMsTITyUTa, bhAga 1, sakhyA 4 pRSTha 410, san 1944 / 2. zrI gurupada hAladAra kRta vyAkaraNa darzanera itihAsa, bhAga 1, pRSTha 465 / tathA baMgalA vizvakoza-mahezvara zabda / . 3. caraka nyAsa pRSTha 58 / svargIya paM0 mastarAma zarmA mudrApita / zabdabheda-prakAza ke TIkAkAra jJAnavimalagaNi ne 'siddhiranuktAnAM rUDhe:' sUtra kI TIkA meM isa 'siddhi..' sUtra ko aindravyAkaraNa kA prathama sUtra likhA hai (vyAka0 da0 i0 pRSTha 484 ) / yaha ThIka gahIM /

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64 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa AC akSarasamAmnAya kA upadeza thaa| Rktantra' tathA RkprAtizAkhya' Adi meM bhI akSarasamAmnAya kA ullekha milatA hai| lAghava ke liye vyAkaraNa-granthoM ke prArambha meM akSarasamAmnAya ke upadeza kI zalI atyanta prAcIna hai| isaliye Adhunika vaiyAkaraNoM kA aSTAdhyAyI ke prArambhika akSarasamAmnAya ke sUtroM ko apANinIya mAnanA mahatI bhUla hai| isa para vizeSa vicAra 'pANini aura usa kA zabdAnuzAsana' prakaraNa meM kreNge| phira bhI yaha vicANIya hai ki aindratantra kA varNa samUha zikSA-sUtroM meM nirdiSTa tathA loka-prasiddha krama se thA athavA svazAstra kI dRSTi se pANinIya akSarasamAmnAya ke sadRza viziSTakrama 10 se nirdiSTa thaa| aindra sampradAya ke kAtantra meM siddho varNasamAmnAyaH sUtra meM loka vidita varNakrama kI ora saMketa hai / ataH sambhava hai aindratantra kA varNasamUha lokaprasiddha kramAnusArI rahA ho / anya sUtra-durgAcArya ne apano niruktavRtti ke prArambha meM aindra vyAkaraNa kA eka sUtra uddhRta kiyA hai15 naika padajAtam, yathA 'arthaH padam' ityandrANAm / ' arthAt aindra vyAkaraNa meM saba arthavAn varNasamudAyoM ko pada saMjJA hoto hai / una ke yahAM naruktoM tathA anya vaiyAkaraNoM ke sadRza nAma, AkhyAta, upasarga aura nipAta ye cAra vibhAga nahIM haiN| sUSaNa vidyAbhUSaNa ne bho 'arthaH padam' ko aindra nAma se uddhRta kiyA hai|' 1. prapAThaka 1 khaNDa 4 / 2. dekho vi Numitra kRta vrgdvyvRtti| 3. niruktavRtti pRSTha 10, paMkti 11 / durgavRtti meM 'yathArthaH padamaindrANAmiti' pATha hai| prakaraNAnusAra iti pada 'aindrANAm' se pUrva honA cAhie / tulanA karo--'artha:padam' vAja0 prAti. 3 // 2 // vyAkaraNa mahAbhASya ke marAThI anuvAda ke prastAvanA khaNDa ke lekhaka 25 ma0ma0 kAzInAtha vAsudeva abhyaMkara ne durgaTIkA ke hamAre dvArA pariSkRta pATha ko hI durgavRtti ke nAma se uddhRta kiyA hai| dra0 pRSTha 126 Ti0 2 / isa khaNDa meM anyatra bhI hamArA nAma nirdeza na karake grantha ke aneka uddharaNa svIkAra kie haiN| 4. kalApacandre suSeNa vidyAbhUSaNa likhiyA chana -'arthaH padama' pAharendrAH, 30 'vibhaktyantaM padam' prAhurApizalIyA:, 'saptiGantaM padaM pANinIyA', (sandhi 20) / vyAka0 da0 i0 pRSTha 40 /

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pANinIyASTaka meM anullikhita prAcIna prAcArya nATyazAstra 14 / 32 kI TIkA meM abhinava gupta ne likhA haisaMprayogaprayojanam aindre'bhihitam / bhAga 2, pRSTha 233 / anya mata - pANini ke pratyAhAra sUtroM para nandikezvara viracita kAzikA (zloka 2) kI upamanyukRta tattvavimarzinI TIkA meM likhA tathA coktamindreNa-antyavarNasamudbhUtA dhAtavaH parikIrtitAH / isa vacana kA bhAva hamArI samajha meM nahIM pAyA / paribhASAoM kA mUla-nAgeza bhaTTa ke ziSya vaidyanAtha ne pari bhASenduzekhara kI vyAkhyA karate hae kAzikA TIkA meM paribhASAoM kA mUla aindra tantra hai aisA saMketa kiyA hai|' 10 aindra aura kAtantra kA bheda hama pUrva likha cuke haiM ki DA0 velavelkara kAtantra ko aindra tantramAnate haiM / unakA yaha mata sarvathA ayukta hai, kyoMki bhaTTAraka harizcandra aura durgAcArya jaise prAmANika prAcAryoM ne aindra vyAkaraNa ke jo sUtra uddhRta kiye haiM, ve kAtantra vyAkaraNa meM upalabdha nahIM hote / 15 itanA hI nahIM, bhaTTAraka harizcandra dvArA uddhRta strAnusAra aindra vyAkaraNa meM 'varNa-samUha' kA nirdeza thA, parantu kAtantra meM usakA abhAva spaSTa hai / purAno anuzruti ke anusAra aindra tantra pANinIya tantra se kaI gunA vistRta thA, parantu kAtantra pANinIya tantra kA caturthAMza bhI nahIM hai| aindra vyAkaraNa aura jaina granthakAra hemacandra Adi jaina granthakAroM kA mata hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIra svAmI ne indra ke liye jisa vyAkaraNa kA upadeza kiyA vahI loka meM aindra vyAkaraNa nAma se prasiddha huaa| kaI jaina granthakAra jainendra vyAkaraNa ko mahAvIra svAmI prokta mAnate haiM / vastutaH ye donoM mata 25 ayukta haiN| ati prAcIna vaidika granthakAroM ke matAnusAra indra ne bRhaspati se - 1. prAcInavaiyAkaraganaye vAcanikAni (paribhASenduzekhara pRSTha 7) / prAcIneti indrAdItyarthaH / kAzikATIkA / 2. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa pra0saM0 pRSTha 63-65, dvi0 saM0 22-24 / 30

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa zabdazAstra kA adhyayana kiyA thA, mahAvIra svAmI se nhiiN| mahAvora svAmI tathAgata buddha ke samakAlIna haiM, indra ina se kaI sahasra varSa pUrva apanA vyAkaraNa likha cukA thaa| jainendra vyAkaraNa AcArya pUjyapAda apara nAma devanando viracita hai| yaha hama 'pANini se arvAcIna vyAkaraNakAra' prakaraNa meM likheMge / anya kRtiyA~ 1. Ayurveda-caraka meM likhA hai indra ne bharadvAja ko Ayurveda par3hAyA thaa|' vAyupurANa 62 / 22 meM likhA hai ki bharadvAja ne Ayurveda saMhitA kI racanA ko aura usake pATha vibhAga karake ziSyoM ko pddh'aayaa| isa se pratIta hotA hai ki indra ne bharadvAja ke liye sampUrNa Ayurveda (pAThoM tantroM) kA pravacana kiyA thaa| suzrata ke prArambha meM AcArya-paramparA kA nirdeza karate hue likhA hai ki bhagavAn dhanvatari ne indra se zalyatantra kA adhyayana kiyA thaa| 2. arthazAstra-kauTilya ne apane arthazAstra meM bAhudantI-putra kA mata uddhRta kiyA hai| prAcIna TIkAkAroM ke anusAra bAhudantI15 putra indra hai / mahAbhArata zAnti parva a0 56 meM bAhudantaka athazAstra kA ullekha milatA hai| mImAMsAzAstra-zlokavArtika kI TIkA meM pArthasArathi mizra kisI purAtana grantha kA vacana uddhRta karatA hai| usa meM indra ko mImAMsAzAstra kA pravaktA kahA hai / 4. chandaHzAstra-indraprokta chandaHzAstra kA ullekha yAdavaprakAza ne piGgala chandaHzAstra kI TIkA ke anta meM kiyA hai| 5. purANa-vAyu purANa 103 / 60 meM likhA hai ki indra ne purANavidyA kA pravacana kiyA thA / 1. pUrva pRSTha 86, Ti0 1 / 2. AyurvedaM bharadvAjazcakAra sabhiSakkriyam / tamaSTaghA punarvyasya ziSyebhyaH pratyapAdayat // 3. pUrva pRSTha 86, Ti0 4 / 4. neti bAhudantIputraH-zAstravidadaSTakarmAkarmasu viSAdaM gacchet / abhi|abhijnprjnyaashaucshauryaanuraagyuktaanmaatyaan kurvIt guNaprAdhAnyAditi / 18 // 5. pUrva pRSTha 88, Ti/ 6. pUrva pRSTha 89, Ti0 6 /

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13 pANinIyASTaka meM anullikhita prAcIna prAcArya 97 6. gAthAeM =mahAbhArata vanaparva 88 / 5 meM indragIta gAthAoM kA ullekha milatA hai| 4-vAyu (8500 vi0 pU0) taittirIya saMhitA 6 / 47 meM likhA hai-indra ne vANI ko vyAkRta 5 karane meM vAyu se sahAyatA lI thii|' taittirIya saMhitA kA yaha sthala vizuddha aitihAsika hai, AlaGkArika nahIM hai / ataH spaSTa hai ki indra ko vyAkaraNa kI racanA meM sahayoga dene vAlA vAyu bhI nissandeha aitihAsika vyakti hai / indra aura vAyu ke sahayoga se devavANI ke vyAkaraNa kI sarvaprathama racanA hii| isIliye kaI sthAnoM meM vANI ke 10 liye 'vAg vA aindravAyavaH'-aAdi prayoga milate haiN| vAyu purANa 2 / 44 meM vAyu ko 'zabdazAstra-vizArada' kahA hai / yAmalASTaka tantra meM ATha vyAkaraNoM meM vAyavya vyAkaraNa kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai|' kavIndrAcArya ke sUcIpatra meM eka 'vAyu-vyAkaraNa' kA ullekha hai| hameM kavIndrAcArya ke sUcIpatra meM nirdiSTa vAyu-vyAkaraNa kI prAcInatA meM 15 sandeha hai| bhAryA-vAyu kI bhAryA kA nAma ajanI thaa| putra-vAyu kA putra lokavizruta mahAbalI hanumAn thaa| isa kI mAtA aJjanI thii| hanumAn bhI apane pitA ke samAna zabdazAstra kA mahAn vettA thA / prAcArya-vAyu purANa 103158 ke anusAra brahmA ne mAtarizvA =vAyu ke liye purANa kA pravacana kiyA thaa| 20 25 1. vAgvai parAcyavyAkRtAvadat te devA indramabruvannimAM no vAcaM vyAkurviti so'bravIdvaraM varNa, mahya caiva vAyave ca saha gRhyAtA iti / 2. mai0 saM0 4 / 5 / 8 // kapi0 42 // 3 // 3. Rgveda kalpadruma kI bhUmikA meM uddhRta / pRSTha 114, hamArA hastalekha / , 4. sUcIpatra pRSTha 3 / 5. aJjanIgarbhasambhUtaH / vAyu purANa 60172 / / 6. nUna vyAkaraNaM kRtsnamanena bahudhA zrutam / bahu vyAharatA'nena na kiJcidapabhASitam // rAmAyaNa kiSkindhA0 3 / 26 / / 7. brahmA dadau zAstramidaM purANaM mAtarizvane /

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yoddhA - mahAbhArata zAntiparva 15 / 17 ( pUnA saM 0 ) ke anusAra vAyu mahAn yoddhA thA | vAyu purANa 56 / 118 meM vAyu ko brahmavAdI 5 kahA hai / 15 SISSE 20 'saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa ziSya - vAyu purANa 103 / 56 meM likhA hai - vAyu se uzanA kavi ne purANajJAna prApta kiyA thA / ' purANa - vAyu purANa 1 / 47 ke anusAra mAtarizvA ( = vAyu) ne vAyu purANa kA pravacana kiyA thA / " mahAbhArata vana parva 991 16 meM 10 vAyuprokta purANa kA nirdeza milatA hai / 25 vAyupura - vAyu purANa 60 / 67 meM vAyu ke nagara kA nAma likhA hai | vAyupura gAthAeM - manusmRti 142 meM vAyugIta gAthAoM kA ullekha hai / " mahAbhArata zAntiparva 72 meM aila pururavA aura mAtarizvA kA saMvAda milatA hai / 5 - bharadvAja ( 9300 vi0 pU0 ) 1 vyAkaraNazAstra kA tRtIya AcAryaM bArhaspatya bharadvAja hai / yadyapi bharadvAjatantra isa samaya upalabdha nahIM hai, tathApi Rktantra ke pUrvokta * pramANa se spaSTa hai ki bharadvAja vyAkaraNazAstra kA pravaktA thA / paricaya vaMza - bharadvAja AGgirasa bRhaspati kA putra hai / brAhmaNa granthoM meM bRhaspati ko devoM kA purohita kahA hai / kozagranthoM meM bRhaspati kA paryAya 'surAcArya' likhA hai|" santati - kAzikAvRtti 2 / 1 / 19 tathA 2 / 4 / 84 meM bharadvAja ke 21 apatyoM kA nirdeza hai / " Rgveda kI sarvAnukramaNI meM bharadvAja ke 1. tasmAccozanasA prAptam / 2. purANaM saMpravakSyAmi yaduktaM mAtarizvanA / 3. vAyuproktamanusmRtya purANamRSisaMstutam / 4. atra gAthA vAyugItA: / 5. pUrva pRSTha para 62 uddhRta / 6. bRhaspativeM devAnAM purohitaH / ai0 7. amarakoza 1 / 25 // 30 udAharaNa jaina zAkaTAyana kI laghuvRtti 1 / 2 / 160 meM bhI hai / brA0 8 / 26 // 8. ekaviMzati bhAradvAjam / yaha

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pANinIyASTaka meM anullikhita prAcIna prAcArya 66 RjiSyA, garga, nara, pAyu, vasu, zAsa, zirimbiTha, zunahotra, sapratha aura suhotra ina daza mantradraSTA putroM aura rAtri nAmnI mantradraSTrI putrI kA ullekha milatA hai / yajuHsarvAnukramaNI meM yajurveda 34 / 32 kI RSikA kazipA bharadvAjahitA likhI hai| matsya 46 / 36 tathA vAyu 66 / 156 ke anusAra garga aura nara bharadvAja ke sAkSAt putra nahIM haiM, 5 apitu cakravartI mahArAja bharata kI sunandA rAnI meM bharadvAja dvArA niyoga se utpanna mahArAja bhumanyu (bhuvamanyu) ke putra haiM / ye donoM brAhmaNa ho gaye the| isI garga ke kUla meM kisI gArya ne vyAkaraNa, nirukta, sAmavedIya padapATha aura upanidAna sUtra kA pravacana kiyA thaa| inakA ullekha pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI aura yAskIya nirukta meM milatA hai| 10 prAcArya-Rktantra ke anusAra bharadvAja ne indra se vyAkaraNazAstra kA adhyayana kiyA thaa|' aitareya AraNyaka 2 / 2 / 4 meM likhA hai-indra ne bharadvAja ke liye ghoSavat aura USma varNoM kA upadeza kiyA thaa| caraka saMhitA sUtrasthAna 1123 se vidita hotA hai ki bharadvAja ne indra se Ayurveda par3hA thaa| vAyu purANa 103 / 63 ke anusAra tRNaMjaya ne 15 bharadvAja ke liye purANa kA pravacana kiyA thaa| mahAbhArata zAntiparva 152 / 5 ke anusAra bhRgu ne bharadvAja ko dharmazAstra kA upadeza kiyA thaa| yahI bhagu mAnava dharmazAstra kA prathama pravaktA hai / ziSya-Rktantra ke anusAra bharadvAja ne aneka RSiyoM ko vyAkaraNa par3hAyA thaa| caraka sUtrasthAna meM aneka RSiyoM ko prAyUrveda 20 par3hAne kA ullekha hai| una meM se eka mAtraya punarvasu hai| vAyu purANa 103163 meM likhA hai ki bharadvAja ne kisI arthazAstra kA bhI pravacana kiyA thA / 1. indro bharadvAjAya / 14 // 2. tasya yAni vyaJjanAni taccharIram, yo ghoSaH sa AtmA, ya USmANa: 25 sa prANaH. "etadu haivendro bharadvAjAya provAca / 3. tasmai provAca bhagavAnAyurvedaM shtkrtuH| 4. tRNaJjayo bharadvAjAya / 5. bhRgaNA'bhihitaM zAstraM bharadvAjAya pRcchate / 6. bharadvAja RSibhyaH // 14 // 7. RSayazca bhrdvaajaat"| atha maitrIparaH puNyamAyurvedaM punarvasuH / 30 1 / 27,30 // 8. gautamAya bharadvAjaH / 1. indrasya hi sa praNamati yo balIyaso namatIti bharadvAjaH /

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100 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa deza-rAmAyaNa ayodhyAkANDa sarga 54 ke anusAra bharadvAja kA Azrama prayAga ke nikaTa gaMgA yamunA ke saMgama para thaa| mantradraSTA-Rgveda kI sarvAnukramaNI meM bArhaspatya bharadvAja ko aneka sUktoM kA draSTA likhA hai| 5 dIrghajIvI-taittirIya brAhmaNa 3 / 10 / 11 ke anusAra indra ne tRtIya puruSAyuSa kI samApti para bharadvAja ko veda kI anantatA kA upadeza kiyA thaa|' caraka saMhitA ke prArambha meM bharadvAja ko amitAyu kahA hai|' aitareya AraNyaka 1 / 2 / 2 meM bharadvAja ko anUcAnatama aura dIrghajIvi tama likhA hai| tANDya brAhmaNa 15 / 3 / 7 ke anusAra yaha kAzirAja 10 divodAsa kA purohita thaa| maitrAyaNI saMhitA 3 / 37 aura gopatha brAhmaNa 2 / 1 / 18 meM divodAsa ke putra pratardana kA purohita kahA hai / ' jaiminIya braahmnn3|2|44 meM divodAsa ke pautra kSatra kA purohita likhA hai / taittirIya brAhmaNa 3 / 10 / 11 se vyakta hai ki dIrghajIvI bharadvAja ke sAtha indra kA vizeSa sambandha thA / ataH yahI dIrghajIvI bharadvAja 15 vyAkaraNazAstra kA pravaktA hai, yaha nizcita hai| viziSTa ghaTanA-manusmRti 10 / 107 ke anusAra kisI mahAn durbhikSa ke samaya kSudhAta bharadvAja ne bRvu takSu se bahuta sI gAyoM kA pratigraha kiyA thaa| kAla 20 hama Upara kaha cuke haiM ki bharadvAja kAzipati divodAsa ke putra pratardana kA purohita thaa| rAmAyaNa uttarakANDa 3816 ke anusAra 1. bharadvAjo ha vA trIbhirAyubhibrahmacaryamuvAsa / taM jINi sthaviraM zayAnamindra upavrajyovAca / bharadvAja ! yatte capurthamAyurdadyAma kiM tena kuryAH / 2, tenAyuramitaM lebhe bharadvAjaH sukhAnvitaH / sUtra0 1126 // aparimita25 zabda: sarvatroktAt pramANAdadhikaviSayaH iti nyAyavidaH / kAtyAyanazcAha aparimitazca pramANAd bhUya / prApa0 zrauta 2 / 1 / 1 rudravRtti meM uddhRta / 3. bharadvAjo hAvA RSINAmanUcAnatamo dIrghajIvitamastapasvitama pAsa / tulanA karo-bharadvAjo ha vai kRzo dIrghaH palita pAsa / ai0 brA0 15 / 5 / / 4. divodAsaM vai bharadvAjapurohitaM nAnA janA: pryynt| 5. etena vai bharadvAjaH pratardanaM davodAsi samanahyat / mai0 saM0 / etena ha vai bharadvAjaH pratardanaM samanahyata / go0 prA0 / B.

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pANinoyASTaka meM anullikhita prAcIna prAcAya 101 kAzipati pratardana dAzarathi rAma kA samakAlika thaa|' rAmAyaNa ayodhyAkANDa sarga 54 ke anusAra rAma Adi vana jAte hue bharadvAja ke Azrama meM Thahare the / sItA-svayaMvara ke anantara dAzarathi rAma kA jAmadagnya rAma se sAkSAtkAra huA thaa| mahAbhArata ke anusAra jAmadagnya rAma tretA aura dvApara kI sandhi meM hayA thaa| ina pramANoM 5 se spaSTa hai ki dIrghajIvI bharadvAja maryAdApuruSottama rAma ke samaya vidyamAna thA / dAzarathi rAma kA kAla tretA ke sandhyaMza yA antima caraNa hai / ataH bharadvAja kA kAla vikrama se nyUnAtinyUna 6300 se 7500 varSa pUrva hai / mahAbhArata meM likhA hai ki bharadvAja ne mahArAja bharata kI sunandA rAnI meM niyoga se santAna utpanna kiyA thA / 10 ___ zaunaka-prati-saMskRta aitareya brAhmaNa 1535 meM prayukta 'pAsa' kriyA se vyakta hotA hai ki aitareya brAhmaNa ke zaunaka ke pariSkAra se bahuta pUrva bharadvAja kI mRtyu ho cukI thii| bhArata yuddha ke samaya droNa 400 vaSa kA thaa| usa se nyUnAtinyUna 200 varSa pUrva dra pada utpanna huA thaa| mahAbhArata meM drupada ko rAjJAM vRddhatamaH kahA hai / bharadvAja ke 15 sakhA mahArAja pRSat ke svargavAsa ke pazcAt drupada rAjagaddI para baiThA / isI samaya bharadvAja svargAmi hunaa| isa ghaTanA se yahI pratIta hotA hai ki bharadvAja bhArata yuddha se lagabhaga 400 varSa pUrva taka jIvita rhaa| bharadvAja bhAratIya itihAsa meM varNita una katipaya dIrghajIvitama RSiyoM meM se eka hai, jinakI Ayu lagabhaga sahasra varSa se bhI 20 adhika thii| caraka cikitsAsthAna adhyAya 1 meM likhA hai ki bharadvAja ne rasAyana dvArA dorghAyuSTva prApta kiyA thaa| caraka ke isI prakaraNa 1. taM visRjya tato rAmo vayasyamakutobhayam / pratardanaM kAzipati pariSvajyedamabravIta // 2. tretAdvAparayoH sandhau rAmaH zastrabhRtAMvaraH / asakRt pArthivaM kSatraM 25 jaghAnAmarSacoditaH // Adi0 2 / 3 / / 3. Adi parva, dvitIya vNshaavlii| 4. pUrva pRSTha para, 100 Ti0 3 / 5. bharadvAjasya sakhA pRSato nAma pArthivaH / Adi parva 166 / 6 // 6. tato vyatIte pRSate sa rAjA drupado'bhavat |...."bhrdvaajo'pi hi bhagavAn Aruroha divaM tadA // Adi parva 130 / 43,44 // 7. etadrasAyanaM pUrvaM vasiSThaH kazyapo'GgirAH / jamadagnirbharadvAjo bhRguranye ca tadvidhAH // 4 // prayujya prayatA muktAH zramavyAdhijarAbhayAt / yAdavaicchaMstapastepustatprabhAvAnmahAbalAH // 5 //

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102 saMskRtavyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 5 meM sahasravArSika kaI rasAyanoM kA ullekha hai| jina ke prayoga se aneka maharSiyoM ne itanA sudIrgha AyuSya prApta kiyA thA, jisa kI kalpanA bhI Aja ke alpAyuSya kAla meM asambhava pratIta hotI hai| vyAkaraNa kA svarUpa bharadvAja kA vyAkaraNa anupalabdha hai| usakA eka bhI vacana vA mata hameM kisI prAcIna grantha meM upalabdha nahIM huaa| kAtyAyana ne yajuHprAtizAkhya meM AkhyAta=kriyA ko bharadvAjadRSTa kahA hai|' usa se vyakta hotA hai ki bharadvAja ne apane vyAkaraNa meM prAkhyAta para vizeSarUpa se likhA thaa| isa se adhika hama isa viSaya meM kucha nahIM 10 jAnate / anya kRtiyAM isa anUcAnatama aura dIrghajIvitama bharadvAja ne apane sudIrgha jIvana meM kina-kina viSayoM kA pravacana kiyA, yaha ajJAta hai / prAcIna granthoM meM isa bharadvAja ko nimna viSayoM kA pravaktA vA 15 zAstrakartA kahA hai Ayurveda-vAyu purANa 62 / 22 meM likhA hai-bharadvAja ne Ayurveda kI saMhitA racI thii| caraka sUtra sthAna 1 / 26-28 ke anusAra bhara. dvAja ne Atreya punarvasu prabhRti ziSyoM ko eka kAyacikitsA par3hAI thI / bhAradvAjIya Ayurveda saMhitA kA eka uddharaNa aSTAGga-saMgraha 20 sUtrasthAna pRSTha 270 kI indu kI TIkA meM milatA hai| dhanurveda-mahAbhArata zAnti parva 210 / 21 ke anusAra bharadvAja ne dhanurveda kA pravacana kiyA thaa| rAjazAstra-mahAbhArata zAnti parva 58 / 3 meM likhA hai-bharadvAja ne rAjazAstra kA praNayana kiyA thA / 25 1. bharadvAjakamAkhyAtam / a0 8 pRSTha, 327 madrAsa saMskaraNa / uvaTa bharadvAjena dRSTamAkhyAtam / sampAdaka nai bhrama se isa prakaraNa ke aneka sUtra TIkA meM milA diye haiN| 2. pUrva pRSTha 66, Ti0 2 // 3. bharadvAjo dhanurgraham / 4. bharadvAjasya bhagavAMstathA gaurazirA muniH / rAjazAstrapraNetAro brAhmaNA 30 brahmavAdinaH //

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pANinIyASTaka meM anullikhita prAcIna prAcAya 103 arthazAstra-kauTilya arthazAstra meM bharadvAja kA eka vacana uddhRta haiN|' usase vidita hotA hai ki bharadvAja ne arthazAstra kI racanA kI thii| isa arthazAstra ke do zloka yazastilakacampU ke pRSTha 100 para uddhRta haiM / inameM se pahale kA ardhabhAga kauTilya arthazAstra 7.5 meM upalabdha hotA hai| bharadvAja ke pitA bRhaspati kA arthazAstra prasiddha 5 __yantrasarvasva-maharSi bharadvAja ne 'yantrasarvasva' nAmaka kalA-kauzala kA bRhad grantha likhA thaa| usakA kucha bhAga bar3odA ke rAjakIya pustakAlaya meM surakSita hai| usakA vimAna-viSaya se sambaddha upalabdha svalpatama bhAga zrI paM0 priyaratnajI ArSa (svAmI brahmamunijI) ne vimAnazAstra ke nAma se kaI varSa pUrva prakAzita kiyA thaa| aba Apane usakA paryApta bhAga upalabdha karake AryabhASAnuvAda sahita prakAzita kiyA hai / isa grantha ke anveSaNa kA zreya inhIM ko hai| isa vimAnazAstra meM vividha parivaha (=ucca nIca stara) meM vicarane vAle vimAnoM ke liye vividha dhAtuoM ke nirmANa kA varNana milatA 15 purANa-vAyu purANa 103 / 63 meM bharadvAja ko purANa kA pravaktA kahA hai / __dharmazAstra-saMskAra-bhAskara patrA 2 meM hemAdri meM nirdiSTa bhara. dvAja kA eka lambA uddharaNa uddhRta hai| isase vidita hotA hai ki 20 bharadvAja ne kisI dharmazAstra kA bhI pravacana kiyA thaa| zikSA-bhaNDArakara risarca iMsTITyUTa pUnA se eka bhAradvAjazikSA prakAzita huI hai| usake antima zloka' tathA TIkAkAra vAgezvara bhaTTa ke matAnusAra yaha zikSA bharadvAjapraNIta hai hamAre - 1. indrasya hi sa praNamita yo balIyase namatIti bharadvAjaH / adhi0 12, 25 a0 1 // tulanA karo-indra meva praNamate yadrAjAnamiti zrutiH / mahAbhArata . . zAnti0 64 / 4 / / 2. bhAratavarSa kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga 1 pRSTha 116, dvi0 saM0 / / 3. yaha bhAga vimAnazAstra' ke nAma se prArya sArvadezika pratinidhi sabhA dehalI se prakAzita huA hai| 4. gautamAya bharadvAjaH / 30 5. yo jAnAti bharadvAjazikSAmarthasamanvitAm / pRSTha 66 / 6. .... pravakSyAmi iti bharadvAjamuninoktam / pRSTha 1 /

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104 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa vicAra meM yaha zikSA arvAcIna hai / kyoMki isakA sambandha taittirIya caraNa se hai / kRSNa yajurveda se sambaddha bhAradvAja zrauta bhI upalabdha haiM / ataH sambhava hai ki ukta bhAradvAja zikSA kA koI mUla grantha bharadvAjapraNIta rahA ho, athavA yaha bhAradvAja koI bharadvAja-vaMza kA vyakti upalekha-bar3odA prAcyavidyAmandira ke sUcIpatra bhAga 1, san 1942 granthAGka 542, pRSTha 38 para upalekha kA eka sabhASya hastalekha nirdiSTa hai| usakA mUla bharadvAja kRta kahA gayA hai / 6-bhAguri (4000 vi0 pU0) yadyapi prAcArya bhAguri kA ullekha pANinIya aSTaka meM upalabdha nahIM hotA, tathApi bhAguri-vyAkaraNaviSayaka matapradarzaka nimna zloka vaiyAkaraNa-nikAya meM atyanta prasiddha hai vaSTi bhAgurirallopamavApyorupasargayoH / 15 prApaM caiva halantAnAM yathA vAcA nizA dizA // ' arthAt-bhAguri prAcArya ke mata meM 'ava' aura 'api' upasarga ke prakAra kA lopa hotA haiM / yathA-avagAha =vagAha, apidhAna=pidhAna tathA halanta zabdoM se prAp (TAp) pratyaya hotA hai| yathA-vAka vAk =vAcA, niz =nizA, diz=dizA / pAtaJjala mahAbhASya 4 / 1 / 1 se bho vidita hotA hai ki kaI prAcArya halanta prAtipadikoM se strIliMga meM TAp pratyaya mAnate the| pANini ne ajAdigaNa meM kruJcA uSNihA devavizA zabda par3he haiN| kaashi| kAra ne inameM halantoM se TApa mAnA hai| bhAguri ke vyAkaraNaviSayaka kucha vacana jagadIza tarkAlaGkAra ne 25 zabda-zaktiprakAzikA meM uddhRta kiye haiN| unheM hama Age likheNge| 1. nyAsa 6 // 2 // 37, pRSTha 264 / dhAtuvRtti, iNa dhAtu pRSTha 247 / prakriyAkaumudI bhAga 1, pRSTha 182 / amaraTIkAsarvasva,bhAga 1, pRSTha 53 meM isa prakAra pATha bheda hai- TApaM cApi halatAnAM dizA vAcA girA kssudhaa| vaSTi bhaagurirllopmvaapyorupsrgyoH| 30 2. yastA nakArAntAta kruJcA, uSNihA, devavizA iti /

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14 pANinIyASTaka meM anullikhita prAcIna prAcArya 105 paricaya bhAguri meM zrUyamANa taddhitapratyaya ke anusAra bhAguri ke pitA kA nAma 'bhagura' pratIta hotA hai / mahAbhASya 7 / 3 / 45 meM kisI bhAgurI kA nAmollekha hai / saMbhava hai yaha bhAguri kI svasA ho / isa paNDitA devI ne kisI lokAyata zAstra kI vyAkhyA kI thii|' yaha lokAyata 5 zAstra arthazAstravat koI arthapradhAna grantha pratIta hotA hai|' ___ prAcArya-bRhatsaMhitA 47 / 2 pRSTha 581 ke anusAra bhAguri bRhadgarga kA ziSya thaa| bhAguri kA meru-parimANa-viSayaka mata vAyu purANa 3462 meM upalabdha hotA hai / kAla hama Age pratipAdana kareMge ki bhAguri prAcArya ne sAmaveda kI saMhitA zAkhA aura brAhmaNa kA pravacana kiyA thaa| kRSNa dvaipAyana tathA unake ziSya praziSyoM dvArA zAkhAoM kA pravacana bhAratayuddha se pUrva ho cakA thaa| ataH bhAgari kA kAla vikrama se 3100 varSa pUrvavartI hai| 'saMkSiptasAra' ke 'prayAjJavalkyAdeAhmaNe' sUtra (taddhita 454) kI 15 TIkA meM zATyAyana aitareya ke sAtha bhAgura brAhmaNa bhI smRta hai| tadanusAra pANini ke mata meM bhAguri-prokta brAhmaNa aitareya ke samAna pUrANaprokta siddha hotA hai| pANini dvArA smata pUrANaprokta brAhmaNa kRSNa dvaipAyana aura unake ziSya-praziSyoM dvArA prokta brAhmaNoM se 1. varNikA bhAgurI lokAyatasya / vartikA bhAgurI lokAyatasya / kaiyaTa ke 20 mata meM bhAgurI TIkA grantha kA nAma hai-vaNiketi vyAkhyAtrItyarthaH, bhAgurI ttiikaavishessH| , 2. vAtsyAyana ke 'arthazca rAjJaH, tanmUlatvAllokayAtrAyAH' (2015) tathA 'varaM sAMzayikAnniSkAdasAMzayikaH kArSApaNa iti lokAyatikA:' (112 / 28) ina donoM sUtroM ko milAkara par3hane se pratIta hotA hai ki lokA. 25 yata zAstra bhI arthazAstra ke samAna koI arthapradhAna zAstra thA hamAre mitra zrI paM0 Izvaracandra jI ne 'lokAyataM nyAyazAstraM brahmagAryoktam' (gaNapati zAstrI kRta arthazAstra TIkA, bhAga 1, pRSTha 25 )pATha kI ora dhyAna AkRSTa kiyA thaa| ata: prAcIna lokAyata zAstra nAstika nahIM thaa| 3. caturasraM tu bhaaguriH|

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa , pUrvakAlika haiM / ata: bhAguri kA kAla vikrama se 4000 varSa pUrva avazya honA caahie| bhAguri kA vyAkaraNa bhAguri ke vyAkaraNasaMbandhI jitane vacana yA mata uddhRta milate 5 haiM, una se pratIta hotA hai ki bhAguri kA vyAkaraNa bhale prakAra pari SkRta thA, aura vaha pANinIya vyAkaraNa se kucha vistRta thA / yadi jagadIza tarkAlaGgAra dvArA uddhRta zloka isI rUpa meM bhAguri ke hoM to sambhava hai bhAguri kA vyAkaraNa zlokabaddha ho| bhAguri-vyAkaraNa ke uddharaNa 10 bhAguri AcAryaprokta vyAkaraNa ke nimna mata yA vacana upalabdha hote haiM bhASAvRtti 4 / 1 / 10 meM bhAguri kA mata1. napteti bhAguriH / arthAt bhAguri ke mata meM naptA kA bhI prayoga .? hotA thA / pANinIya matAnusAra 'naptrI' prayoga hotA hai| 15 jagadIza tarkAlaGgAra ne zabdazaktiprakAzikA meM bhAguri ke nimna mata vA vacana uddhRta kiye haiM / - 2. muNDAdestat karotyarthe, gRhNAtyarthe kRtAditaH / vaktItyarthe ca satyAder, aGgAdestannirasyati / / iti bhaagurismRteH|' 3. tUstAdvighAte, saMchAde vastrAt pucchaaditstthaa| 20 utprekSAdau, karmaNoM NistadavyayapUrvataH / / iti bhAgurismRteH / 4. vINAta upagAne syAd, hastito'tikrame tathA / ... senAtazcAbhiyAne NiH, zlokAderapyupastutau // iti bhAgurismRteH / ' .., 5 gupadhUpavicchipaNipanerAyaH, kamestu NiG / RteriyaGa caturleSu nityaM svArthe, paratra vA // iti bhAgurismRteH / / 25 6. gupo vadhezca nindAyAM, kSamAyAM tathA tijaH / 1. pRSTha 444, kAzI sNsk0| 3. pRSTha 446 / , , 2. pRSTha 445 / kAzI saMska0 / 4. pRSTha 447 / /

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pANinIyASTaka meM anullikhita prAcIna AcArya 107 pratIkArAdyarthakAcca kitaH, svArthe sano vidhiH / iti bhAgurismRteH / ' 7. apAdAna sampradAna karaNAdhArakarmaNAm / kartu zcAnyo'nyasaMdehe paramekaM pravartate / / iti bhAgurivacanameva zaraNam / ' hamArA vicAra hai ye cha: zloka bhAguri ke svavacana hI haiM / sambhava hai bhAguri ne RkprAtizAkhyavat chandobaddha sUtra racanA kI ho / usa kAla meM zAstrIya grantha zlokabaddha racane kI paripATI thI / bhAguri ke vyAkaraNaviSayaka matanidarzaka nimna do vacana aura upalabdha hote haiM8. vaSTi bhAgurirallopamavApyorupasargayoH / grApaM caiva halantAnAM yathA vAcA nizA dizA // " B. hanteH karmaNyupaSTambhAt prAptumarthe tu saptamIm / caturthI bAdhikAmAhuicUrNibhAgurivAgbhaTAH // " 10. syAnmatam, karotIti kAraNam / yathoktam / STiva sivyoyuM TparayordIrghatvaM vaSTi bhAguriH / karote kartRbhAve ca saunAgAH pracakSateH // bhAguri ke anya grantha 1. saMhitA - prapaJcahRdaya, caraNavyUhaTIkA, jaiminIya gRhya aura gobhila gRhyaprakAzikA Adi aneka granthoM se vidita hotA hai ki 1. pRSTha 447 kAzI saMskaraNa / 2. bhASyavyAkhyAprapaJca, pRSTha 126 / puruSottamadevIya paribhASA vRtti, rAjazAhI saMska0 / 10 bar3odA 15 3. dekho pUrva pRSTha 104, Ti0 1 / bhaTTiTIkA meM uttarArdha isa prakAra hai'dhAkRJostaninahyozca bahulatvena zaunaki: / ' nirNayasAgara, pRSTha 66 // 4. zabdazaktiprakAzikA pRSTha 386 meM ise bhartRhari kA bacana likhA hai / 25 yaha ThIka nahIM / vAkyapadIya ke kAraka - prakaraNa meM yaha vacana nahIM milatA / bhartR - hari vAgbhaTTa se prAcIna hai, yaha hama bhartRhariviracita mahAbhASyadIpikA ke prakaraNa meM likheMge / isa zloka meM vAgbhaTa kA nirdeza hai 5. mallavAdi kRta dvAdazAranayacakra kI siMhasUrigaNi kRta TIkA, saMskaraNa bhAga 1, pRSTha 41 / 30

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108 saMskRta vyAkaraNa- zAstra kA itihAsa prAcArya bhAguri ne kisI sAmazAkhA kA pravacana kiyA thaa|' kazmIra ke chape laugAkSa - gRhya kI aMgrejI bhASA nibaddha bhUmikA meM agastya ke zlokatarpaNa kA eka vacana uddhRta hai| usake anusAra bhAguri yAjuSa AcArya hai| saMmbhava hai bhAguri ne sAma aura yajuH donoM kI zAkhAoM kA pravacana kiyA ho / 5 2. brAhmaNa - saMkSiptasAra ke 'zrayAjJavalkyAderbrAhmaNe sUtra kI TIkA meM pratyAsanika goyIcandra udAharaNa detA hai zATyAyaninaH, bhAguriNaH, aitareyiNaH / * isase pratIta hotA hai ki bhAguri ne kisI brAhmaNa kA bhI pravacana 10 kiyA thA / vaha sAma saMhitA kA thA / bhAguristu prathamaM nirdiSTAnAM praznapUrvakANAmarthAntaraviSaye niSedho 15 'pyanunirdiSTazcet so'pi yathAsaMkhyAlaGkAra iti / 20 3. zralaGkAra- zAstra ---somezvara kavi ne apane 'sAhityakalpadruma' grantha ke yathAsaMkhyAlaGkAra prakaraNa meM bhAguri kA nimna mata uddhRta kiyA hai - 25 abhinavagupta ne dhvanyAloka kI locanA TIkA meM bhAguri kA nimna mata uddhRta kiyA hai / tathA ca bhAgurirapi - ki rasanAmapi sthAyisaMcAritA'stItyAkSipya zrabhyupagamenevottaramavocad vADhamastIti / ' ina uddharaNoM se spaSTa hai ki bhAguri kA koI alaGkArazAstra bhI thaa| dekho zrI paM0 bhagavaddattajI kRta 'vaidika vAGmaya kA itihAsa' bhAga 1, pRSTha 308-310 dvi0 saM0 / 2. laugAkSizca tathA kANvastathA bhAgurireva ca / ete / pRSTha 9 / 3. taddhita 454 / gurupadahAladAra, vyA0 da0 i0 pRSTha 496 para uddhRta / 4. mudritapATha zATyAyanI bhAgurI aitareyI azuddha pratIta hotA hai, kyoMki chando brAhmaNa-viSayaka taddhitapratyayAnta adhyetRveditR viSaya meM bahuvacanAnta prayukta hote haiM ( dra0 - aSTA0 4/2/65 ) na ki kevala proktArthaM mAtra meM / 5. madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha pustakAlaya kA sUcIpatra bhAga 1, khaNDa 1 6. tRtIya udyota, pRSTha 385 / 30 A, pRSTha 2865, granthAGka 2126

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pANinIyASTaka meM anullikhata prAcIna prAcArya 106 4. koSa-amarakoSa Adi kI TIkAnoM meM bhAgurikRta koSa ke aneka uddharaNa upalabdha hote haiN|' sAyaNa ne dhAtRvRtti meM bhAguri ke koSa kA eka zloka uddhata kiyA hai| puruSottamadevakRta bhASAvRtti, sRSTidharakRta bhASAvRttiTIkA aura prabhAvRtti se vidita hotA hai ki bhAgurikRta koSa kA nAma 'trikANDa' thaa| amarakoSa kI sarvAnanda- 5 viracita TIkAsarvasva meM trikANDa ke aneka vacana uddhRta haiN| 5. sAMkhyadarzanabhASya-vikrama kI bIsavIM zatAbdI pUrvArdha ke mahAvidvAna svAmI dayAnanda sarasvato ne satyArthaprakAza prathama saMskaraNa (saM0 1932 vi0) meM likhA hai-'usake pIche sAMkhyadarzana jo ki kapila muni ke kiye sUtra una Upara bhAguri muni kA kiyA bhASya, 10 isa ko 1 mAsa meM par3ha legA / saMskAravidhi ke saMzodhita arthAt dvitIya saMskaraNa (saM0 1941 vi0) meM bhI sAMkhyadarzana bhAgurikRta bhASya sahita par3hane kA vidhAna kiyA hai| 6. devatA grantha- gRhapati zaunaka ne bRhaddevatA meM bhAguri prAcArya 1. amaraTIkAsarvasva, bhAga 1, pRSTha 111, 125, 163 ityAdi / amara 15 kSIraTIkA, pRSTha 5, 6, 12 ityAdi / haima abhidhAnacintAmaNi svopajJaTIkA / 2. tathA bhAgurirapi hrasvAntaM manyate / yathAha ca- bhAryA bhekasya varSAmvI zRGgI syAnmadgurasya ca / zilI gaNDUpadasyApi kacchapasya DuliH smRtA // ghAbuvRtti, bhUdhAtu, pRSTha 30 // yaha zloka amaraTIkasarvasva bhAga 1, pRSTha 193 meM bhI udadhRta hai| 3. bhASAvRtti-zivatAti: zaMtAtiH ariSTatAtiH, amI zabdAzchAndasA api kadAcid bhASAyAM prayujyante iti trikANDe bhAgurinibandhanAdvA'vyutpanna. saMjJAzabdatvAdvA sarvathA bhASAyAM sAdhu // 4 / 4 / 143 // bhASAvRttiTIkA-trikANDe kozavizeSe bhAgurerevAcAryasya yadeSAM nibandhanaM tasmAcca / 4 / 4 / 143 // prabhAvRtti-ebhinevabhiH sUtraniSpannAzchAndasA 25 mapi zabdA bhASAyAM sAghavo bhavanti * trikANDe bhAgurinibandhanAt / paM0 gurupada hAladAra kRta vyAkaraNa-darzanera itihAsa pRSTha 466 meM uddhRta / 4. pRSTha 78, sana 1875 kA chapA / satyArthaprakAza meM bhI bhAgurikRta bhASya kA ullekha hai / dra0-rAmalAla kapUra TrasTa saMska0 pRSTha 104 / . 5. saMskAravidhi, vedArambhasaMskAra / dra0-rAmalAla kapUra TrasTa saMskaraNa hai. (tRtIya) pRSTha 144

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110 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ke devatA viSayaka aneka mata uddhRta kiye haiN|' ina se pratIta hotA hai ki bhAri ne koI vedasaMbandhI anukramaNikA grantha bhI avazya likhA thA / 7. manusmRtibhAvya - bhAguri ne manusmRti para eka bhASya likhA thA / mnu08|168 meM prayukta anapasara zabda kA bhAguri pradarzita artha kalpatarukAra lakSmIdhara ne uddhRta kiyA hai| " 8' rAjanItizAstra - nItivAkyAmRta kI TokA meM bhAguri ke rAjanItiparaka zloka uddhRta haiM / vyAkaraNa, saMhitA, brAhmaNa, alaGkAra, koSa, sAMkhyabhASya aura 10 anukramaNikA Adi saba granthoM kA pravaktA eka hI bhAguri hai vA bhinna bhinna, yaha kahanA taba taka kaThina hai, jaba taka ina granthoM kI upalabdhi na ho jAve | 7 - pauSkarasAdi (3100 vi0 pU0) pauSkarasAdi AcArya kA nAma pANinIya sUtrapATha meM upalabdha 15 nahIM hotA / mahAbhASya 8 / 4 / 48 ke eka vArtika meM isakA ullekha hai / taittirIya aura maitrAyaNIya prAtizAkhya meM pauSkarasAdi ke aneka mata uddhRta haiM / kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha kI cannavora kavikRta kannaDa TIkA ke Arambha meM indra, candra, Apizali, gArgya, gAlava ke sAtha pauSkara smRta hai / yaha nAmaikadeza nyAya se pauSkarasAdi hI hai / ina 20 se pauSkarasAdi prAcArya kA vyAkaraNapravaktRtva vispaSTa hai / paricaya vaMza - pauSkarasAdi meM zrUyamANa taddhita pratyaya ke anusAra inake pitA 1. bRhaddevatA 3 | 100 // 5 // 40 // 6 / 96,107 // 2. dra0--zAzvatavANI samAjazAstra vizeSAGka (san 1962) pRSTha 61 para / 3. cayo dvitIyA zari pauSkarasAde: / 25 1. 4, tai0 prA0 5 / 37,38|| 13 | 16|| 14|2|| 17|6|| me0 prA0 5536, 40||2|1|16 / 2 / 5 / 6 // 5. sadbhiH = indracandrApizaligArgyagAlavapauSkaraiH ( yaha kannaDa TIkA kA saMskRta rUpAntara hai ) pRSTha 1 /

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pANinIyASTaka meM anullikhita prAcIna prAcArya 111 kA nAma 'puSkarasat' thaa| jayAditya prabhRti vaiyAkaraNoM kA bhI yahI mata hai|' santati-pauSkarasAdi ke apatya pauSkarasAdAyana kahAte haiM / pANini ne taulvalyAdi gaNa meM pauSkarasAdi pada par3ha kara usase utpanna yuvArthaka phak (prAyana) pratyaya ke aluk kA vidhAna kiyA hai| 5 deza-haradatta ke mata meM pauSkarasAdi AcArya prAgdezavAsI hai| vaha likhatA hai-puSkarasadaH prAcyatvAt / pANinIya vyAkaraNa se bhI yahI pratIta hotA hai, pauSkarasAdAyana meM 'ijaH prAcAm" sUtra se yuvArthaka pratyaya kA luka prApta hotA hai, usa kA niSedha karane ke liye pANinI ne 'taulvalyAdi' gaNa meM pauSkarasAdi pada par3hA hai| bauddha 10 jAtakoM meM pokkha rasadoM kA ullekha milatA hai, ve prAgdezIya haiN| yajJezvara bhaTTa ne apanI gaNaratnAvalI meM pauSkarasAdi pada kA nirvacana isa prakAra kiyA hai puSkare tIrthavizeSe sIdatIti puSkarasat, tasyApatyaM pauSkarasAdiH / isa nirvacana ke anusAra puSkarasat ajamera samIpavartI puSkara 15 kSetravAsI pratIta hotA hai| pANini ke sAtha virodha hone se yajJezvara bhaTTa kI vyutpati ko kevala arthapradarzanaparaka samajhanA cAhie / athavA sambhava hai prAgdeza meM bhI kabhI koI puSkara kSetra rahA ho / vahAM kI sAmpratika bhASA meM tAlAba ko 'pokkhara' kahate haiN| anyatra ullekha pauSkarasAdi prAcArya ke mata mahAbhASya ke eka vArtika aura taittirIya tathA maitrAyaNIya prAtizAkhya meM uddhRta haiM, yaha hama pUrva kaha cuke / isakA eka mata zAMkhAyana AraNyaka 7 / 8 meM milatA hai / hiraNyakezIya gRhyasUtra tathA agnivezya gRhyasUtra meM puSkarasAdi ke mata 1. puSkarasacchanvAd bAhvAditvAdi anuzatikAdInAM ca (aSTA0 7 // 3 // 25 20) ityubhayapadavRddhiH / kAzikA 2 / 4163 // bAlamanoramA, bhAga 2, pRSTha 287 // 2. maSTA0 2 / 4 / 61 // 3. padamanjarI, bhAga 1, pRSTha 486 / .. 4. maSTA0 2 / 4 / 60 // 5. 4 / 1166 // hamArA hastalekha, pRSTha 175 / 30 . 20

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112 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa nirdiSTa haiM / ' prApastamba dharmasUtra meM bhI do bAra 'puSkarasAdi' prAcArya kA ullekha hai / ' 5 pauSkarasAdi puSkarasAdi kA ekatva - prApastamba dharmasUtra kI vyAkhyA meM haradatta puSkarasAdi ko pauSkarasAdi prAcArya kA hI nirdeza mAnatA hai, aura 'divRddhi kA prabhAva chAndasa hai aisA kahatA hai / vastutaH yahAM ekAnubandhakRtamanityam' isa parimANa ne somendracara ke samAna vRddhyabhAva mAnanA cAhie / " agnivezya agnivezyAyana meM bhI yaJ pare kvacit vRddhyabhAva dekhA jAtA hai / pauSkarasAdi pada taulvalyAdi gaNa meM par3hA hai / puSkarasat pada kA 10 pATha yaskAdi" bAhvAdi aura anuzatikAdi" gaNa meM milatA hai / kAtyAyana aura pataJjali donoM ne puSkarasat kA pATha anuzatikAdi gaNa meM mAnA haiM / " isa se spaSTa hai ki pANinIya gaNapATha meM isakA prakSepa nahIM huaa| taulvalyAdi gaNa meM pauSkarasAdi pada ke pATha se siddha hai ki pANini na kevala pauSkarasAdi se paricita thA, apitu 15 usake apatya pauSkarasAdAyana ko bhI jAnatA thA / ataH pauSkarasAdi 1. sadyaH puSkarasAdi: hi0 ke0 gR0 168; tathA agnivezya gRhma 11, pRSTha 6 dra0 / 2. zuddhA bhikSA bhoktavyaikakuNiko kANvakutso tathA puSkarasAdiH / 1 / 16 / 7 // yathA kathA ca paraparigrahaNamabhimanyate steno ha bhavatIti kautsahArItau tathA 20 kaNvapuSkarasAdI / 1281 // 3. pauThararasAdireva puSkarasAdiH, vRddhyabhAvarachAndasaH | 11657 // 4. dra0 - ma0ma0 kAzInAtha abhyaMkara sampAdita paribhASA - saMgraha, pRSTha 22 / 25 5. J.KA.S. aprela 1928 meM 'pauSkarasAdi' para chapA lekha draSTavya hai / 6. dra0 - pragnivezya tai0 prA0 6 | 4 || dra0 maMtrA0 saM0 svAdhyAyamaNDala prakAzita prastAva, pRSTha 16 / pragnivezyAyana- te0 prA0 14 / 32; me0 prA0 30 2232 // 8. aSTA0 2 / 4 / 63 // 6. aSTA0 4 / 1 66 // 10. zraSTA0 773/20 // 11. puSkararasagrahaNAd vA / zrathavA yadayamanuzatikAdiSu puSkarasacchandaM paThati / mahAbhASya 752 // 117 // 7. aSTA0 2 | 4 | 61 //

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15 pANinIyASTaka meM anullikhita prAcIna prAcArya 113 prAcArya pANini se pUrvavartI hai yaha nirvivAda hai / pauSkarasAdi - zAkhA - taittirIya prAtizAkhya 5/40 ke mAhiSeya bhASya ke anusAra pauSkarasAdi ne kRSNa yajurveda kI eka zAkhA kA pravacana kiyA thA / ' zAMkhAyana zrAraNyaka ke uddharaNa se bhI yahI prabhAsita hotA hai / zAkhA pravaktA RSi prAyaH kRSNadvaipAyana ke 5 samakAlIna the / ataH pauSkarasAdi kA kAla bhAratayuddha ke AsapAsa 3100 vi0 pUrva hai / 8 - cArAyaNa ( 3100 vi0 pU0 ) AcArya cArAyaNa ne kisI vyAkaraNazAstra kA pravacana kiyA thA, isa kA spaSTa nirdezaka koI vacana upalabdha nahIM huA / laugAkSa - gRhya 10 ke vyAkhyAtA devapAla ne kaM0 5, sU0 1 kI TIkA meM cArAyaNa aparanAma' cArAyaNi kA eka sUtra aura usakI vyAkhyA uddhRta kI hai / vaha isa prakAra hai tathA ca cArAyaNisUtram - purukRtecchachrayo:' iti / puru zabdaH kRtazabdazca lupyate yathAsaMkhyaM che chUTe parataH / purucchadanaM puccham kRtasya 15 chuvanaM vinAzanaM kRcchram' iti / yadi yaha sUtra cArAyaNIya prAtizAkhya kA na ho, jisa kI adhika saMbhAvanA hai, to nizcaya hI usake vyAkaraNa kA hogA / mahAbhASya 1|1|73 meM cArAyaNa ko vaiyAkaraNa pANini aura rauDhi ke sAtha smaraNa kiyA hai / grataH cArAyaNa avazya vyAkaraNapravaktA rahA hogA / 20 paricaya vaMza - cArAyaNa pada apatyapratyayAnta hai, tadanusAra isa ke pitA kA nAma 'cara' hai / pANini ne naDAdigaNa meM isakA sAkSAt nirdeza kiyA hai| usase 'phaka' hokara cArAyaNa pada niSpanna hotA hai / usase - 1. zaityAyanAdInAM kohalIputra - bhAradvAja sthavira - kauNDinya- pauSkarasAdInAM 25 zAkhinAm ..... / 2. tulanA karo - pANina aura pANini zabda ke sAtha / 3. kambalacArAyaNIyAH, zrodanapANinIyAH, dhRtarauDhIyAH / 4. aSTA0 4 166 //

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114 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa prata ina se ina hokara cArAyaNi bhI usI vyakti ke liye prayukta hotA hai| isa kI mImAMsA Age kAzakRtsna-prakaraNa meM vistAra se kreNge| anyatra ullekha mahAbhASya 1 / 1 / 73 meM udAharaNa diye haiM-kambalacArAyaNIyAH, podanapANinIyAH ghRtarauDhIyAH / vAmana ne kAzikAvRtti 6 / 2 / 66 tathA yakSavarmA ne zAkaTAyana vRtti 2 / 4 / 2 meM 'kambalacArAyaNIyAH' udAharaNa diyA hai| kaiyaTa kI bhUla-kayaTa ne mahAbhASya 11173 ke udAharaNa kI 10 vyAkhyA karate hue likhA hai-'kambalapriyasya cArAyaNasya ziSyA ityrthH| yaha vyAkhyA azuddha hai| isa kA artha 'kambalapradhAnazcArAyaNaH kambalacArAyaNaH, tasya chAtrAH' karanA cAhiye / arthAt prAcArya cArAyaNa ke pAsa kambaloM kA bAhulya thA, vaha apane pratyeka chAtra ko 15 kambala pradAna karatA thaa| vAmana kAzikA 6 / 2 / 66 meM pUrvapadAnto dAtta 'kambalacArAyaNIyAH' udAharaNa kSepa artha meM uddhRta karatA hai| usakA abhiprAya bhI yahI hai ki jo chAtra cArAyaNa-prokta grantha ko par3hate haiM, ve pUrvapadAntodAtta-viziSTa 'kambalacArAyaNIyAH' pada se vyavahRta hote haiN| kisI cArAyaNa kA mata vAtsyAyana kAmasUtra meM tIna sthAnoM para uddhRta hai|' cArAyaNa kA eka mata kauTilya arthazAstra meM diyA haitRNamatidIrghamiti caaraaynnH| ___ zAma zAstrI sampAdita mUla arthazAstra tRtIya saMskaraNa meM 'nArAyaNaH' pATha hai| arthazAstra ke prAcIna TIkAkAra ke mata meM yaha dIrghacArAyaNa magadha ke bAla (bAlaka-pradyota) nAmaka rAjA kA prAcArya thaa| arthazAstra saMketita kathA kA nirdeza nandisUtra Adi jaina granthoM meM bhI milatA hai / dekho zAma zAstrI sampAdita mUla arthazAstra kI bhUmikA pRSTha 20 / dIrghacArAyaNa kA nirdeza cAndravRtti 1. draSTavya pUrva pRSTha 113 kI Ti0 2 / 30 2. 1 / 1 / 12 // 1 / 4 / 14 // 1 // 5 // 22 // 3. adhi0 5 / 05 /

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pANinIyASTaka meM anullikhita prAcIna prAcArya 115 2 / 2 / 18' tathA kAtantra durgavatti 22515 meM bhI milatA hai| yaha cArAyaNa zAkhA-pravaktA cArAyaNa se bhinna aura arvAcIna hai| kAla cArAyaNa kRSNa yajurveda kI cArAyaNIya zAkhA kA pravaktA hai|' yaha zAkhA isa samaya aprApya hai, parantu isakA 'cArAyaNIya mantrArSA 5 dhyAya' samprati milatA hai / yaha dayAnanda eMglo vaidika kAleja lAhaura se prakAzita haA hai| vaidika zAkhAoM kA antima pravacana bhAratayuddha ke samIpa huA thaa| ataH isakA samaya vikrama se lagabhaga 3100 varSa pUrva hai| anya grantha cArAyaNIya saMhitA-yaha kRSNa yajurveda kI zAkhA thii| isakA vizeSa varNana paM0 bhagavaddatta kRta 'vaidika vAGmaya kA itihAsa bhAga 1 pRSTha 294,295 (dvi0 saM0) para dekho| cArAyaNI zikSA-yaha zikSA kazmIra se prApta huI thii| isakA ullekha iNDiyana eNTIkverI julAI 1876 meM DAkTara kIlahAna ne 15 kiyA hai| sAhityika grantha-nATakalakSaNaratnakoza ke racayitA sAgaranandI ne cArAyaNa ke kisI sAhityasaMbaMdhI grantha se eka uddharaNa udadhata kiyA hai| -kAzakRtsna (3100 vi0 pU0) yadyapi pANinIya zabdAnuzAsana meM prAcArya kAzakRtsna kA vaiyAkaraNa ke rUpa meM ullekha nahIM milatA, punarapi vaiyAkaraNa nikAya meM kAzakRtsna kA vyAkaraNa-pravaktRtva atyanta prasiddha hai / mahAbhASya ke 1. dIrghazcArAyaNaH / 2. isa zAkhA kA varNana dekho zrI paM bhagavaddatta jI kRta 'vaidika vAGmaya 25 kA itihAsa' prathama bhAga,pRSTha 264 (dvi0 sN0)| 3. prAha cArAyaNa:-'prakaraNanATakayoviSkambhaH' iti / nATakalakSaNaratna koza, pRSTha 16 /

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116 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 5 prathama Ahnika ke anta meM prApizala aura pANinIya zabdAnuzAsanoM ke sAtha kAzakRtsna zabdAnuzAsana kA ullekha milatA hai / ' vopadeva ne prasiddha ATha zAbdikoM meM kAzakRtsna kA ullekha kiyA hai / kSIrasvAmI ne kAzakRtsnIya mata kA nirdeza kiyA hai| kAzakRtsna vyAkaraNa ke aneka sUtra prAcIna vaiyAkaraNa vAGamaya meM upalabdha hote haiM / aba to kAzakRtsna kA dhAtupATha bho kannaDa TIkAsahita prakAza meM A gayA hai| kannaDa TIkA meM kAzakRtsna vyAkaraNa ke lagabhaga 135 sUtra bhI upalabdha ho gae haiM / paricaya 10 paryAya-kAzikA 5 / 1 / 58 meM eka udAharaNa hai-trikaM kAza kRtsnam / jaina zAkaTAyana kI amoghA vRtti 3 / 2 / 161 meM isa kA pATha hai-trikaM kAzakRtsnIyam / ina donoM udAharaNoM kI tulanA se itanA spaSTa hai ki ukta donoM udAharaNoM meM nizcayapUrvaka kisI eka hI grantha kA saMketa hai / parantu kAzakRtsna aura kAzakRtsnIya padoM meM 15 zrayamANa taddhita-pratyaya se vidita hotA hai ki eka kAzakRtsni-prokta hai, aura dUsarA kAzakRtsna-prokta / nyAsakAra jinendrabuddhi kAzikA ke 4 / 3 / 101 ke udAharaNa kI vyAkhyA meM likhatA hai-prApizalaM kAzakRtsnamiti-prApizalikAzakRtsnizabdAbhyAm inazca (4 / 2 / 112) 1. pANininA prokta pANinIyama, Apizalam, kAzakRtsnam iti / 2. dra0 pUrva pRSTha 66 / 3. kAzakRtsnA asya niSThAyAmaniTatvamAhuH-AzvastaH, vizvastaH / kSIrataraGgiNI, pRSTha 185 / 4. kaiyaTa-viracita mahAbhASya pradIpa 2 / 1 / 50; 51 // 22 // bhartRharikRta vAkyapadIya svopajJa TIkA, kANDa 1, pRSTha 40, usa para vRSabhadeva kI TIkA pRSTha 41 / 5. isa kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha kI kannaDa TIkA kA rUpAntara 'kAzakRtsnadhAtuvyAkhyAnam' ke nAma se hamane prakAzita kiyA hai| 6. kAzakRtsna vyAkaraNa ke vistRta paricaya aura usake upalabdha samasta sUtroM kI vyAkhyA ke liye dekhie hamArA 'kAzakRtsna-vyAkaraNam' grantha / 7. mudrita amoghAvRtti meM yaha pATha nahIM hai| amodhAvRtti 2 / 4 / 182 meM 30 'trikAH kAzakRtsnA:' pATha milatA hai|

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pANinoyASTaka meM anullikhita prAcIna prAcArya 117 (4 / 2 / 112 ) ityaN' / arthAt pizali aura kAzakRtsna meM ( apatyArthaka iJpratyayAnta) Apizali aura kAzakRtsni zabdoM se prokta artha meM iJazca sUtra se aN pratyaya hotA hai / tathA kAzakRtsnoya pada meM apatyArthaka aNpratyayAnta kAzakRtsna zabda se prokta artha meM vRddhAcchaH (4 / 2 / 114) se cha ( = Iya) pratyaya hotA hai / 5 kAzakRtsna aura kAzakRtsna kA ekatva -- yadyapi kAzakRtsna aura kAzakRtsna nAmoM meM apatya-pratyaya kA bheda hai, tathApi donoM nAma eka hI AcArya ke haiM / akArAnta kazakRtsna zabda se apatya artha meM ata iJ (aSTA0 4 / 1 / 65 ) se itra hokara kAzakRtsni zabda niSpanna hotA hai / aura usI kazakRtsna se apatyArtha meM sAmAnyavidhAyaka 10 tasyApatyam ( zraSTA0 4 / 1 / 62 ) se aN hokara kAzakRtsna zabda banatA hai / yadyapi zrata iJ sUtra tasyApatyam kA apavAda hai, tathApi kvacidapavAdaviSaye'pi utsargo'bhinivizate' (kahIM-kahIM apavAda = vizeSa- vidhAyakasUtra ke viSaya meM utsarga = sAmAnyasUtra kI bhI pravRtti ho jAtI hai ) niyama se sAmAnya praNa pratyaya bhI ho jAtA hai / isI 15 niyama ke anusAra bhagavAn vAlmIki ne dAzarathi rAma ke liye dAzaratha zabda kA bhI prayoga kiyA hai / ata: jisa prakAra eka hI dazaratha - putra rAma ke lie dAzarathi aura dAzaratha donoM zabda prayukta 1 1. isI prakAra pANini zabda se bhI prokta artha meM praNa hokara 'pANini ' zabda niSpanna hogA / loka prasiddha pANinIya pada pANina se niSpanna hotA hai / 20 dra0--nyAsa 4 / 3 / 101 / / pUrvanirdiSTa bhASyavacana 'pANininA proktaM pANinIyam' meM arthanidarzana mAtra hai, na ki vigraha / pANini zabda Apizali aura kAzakRtsni ke samAna gotravAcI hai, usase ' iJazca' ( 4 |2| 112 ) se aN hI hogA / siddhAntakaumudIkAra bhaTToja dIkSita ne 4 |2| 112 meM pANini zabda se 'pANinIya' prayoga kI niSpatti ke liye sarala mArga ko chor3a kara jo kliSTa 25 kalpanA kI hai / vaha cintya hai / 2. sIradeva - paribhASAvRtti, saMkhyA 33; paribhASenduzekhara, saM0 56 / yahI niyama skandasvAmI ne 'apavAdaviSaye kvacidutsargo dRzyate' zabdoM se uddhRta kiyA hai / dra0- - nirukta - TIkA, bhAga 2, pR0 82 // 3. pradIyatAM dAzarathAya maithilI / rAmA0 yuddhakA0 14 | 3 || kAzikAkAra 30 ne isa prayoga meM zeSavivakSA meM ' tasyedam ' ( 4 | 3 | 120 ) se aN pratyaya mAnA hai, vaha cintya hai /

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118 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa hote haiM, usI prakAra iJ-pratyayAnta kAzakRtsni aura aN-pratyayAnta kAzakRtsna donoM zabda nizcaya se eka hI vyakti ke vAcaka haiM / ' kAzakRtsni kA anyatra ullekha-mahAbhASya ke prathama Ahnika ke anta meM granthavAcI pANinIya aura Apizala ke sAtha 'kAzakRtsna' 5 pada par3hA hai, usa se vyakta hai ki pataJjali usa ko kAzakRtsni prokta mAnatA hai| pataJjali ne kAzakRtsni AcArya prokta mImAMsA kA asakRt ullekha kiyA hai| mahAkavi bhAsa ke nAma se prasiddha 'yajJaphala' nATaka meM bhI kAzakRtsni prokta kAzakRtsna mImAMsAzAstra kA ullekha hai| kAtyAyana ne bhI apane zrautasUtra meM kAzakRtsna AcArya 10 kA ullekha kiyA hai| amAghA vRtti ke 'kAzakRtsnIyam' nirdeza ke anusAra vyAkaraNapravaktA kAzakRtsna hai|' kAzakRtsna kA anyatra ullekha-vopadeva ne aSTa zAbdikoM meM kAzakRtsna kA ullekha kiyA hai| jaina zAkaTAyanIya amoghA vRtti ke pUrvanirdiSTa trikaM kAzakRtsnIyam udAharaNa meM smRta grantha kA pravaktA 15 taddhita-pratyaya kI vyavasthAnusAra kAzakRtsna hai| bhaTTa parAzara ne 1. isI prakAra pANinIya tantra ke pravaktA ke lie pANini-pANina, vAtikakAra ke lie kAtya-kAtyAyana, saMgrahakAra ke lie dAkSi-dAkSAyaNa do-do zabda prayukta hote haiN| inake lie isI anya ke tattat prakaraNa draSTavya haiN| 2. kAzakRtsninA proktaM kAzakRtsnam / iJazca (aSTA0 4 / 2 / 112) se 20 gotrapratyayAnta se aN pratyaya / ApizalaM kAzakRtsnamiti-prApizalikAza kRtsnizabdAbhyAmitrazcetyaN / nyAsa 4 / 3 / 101 // kAzakRtsnena proktaM kaashkRtsniiym| vRddhAccha: (aSTA0 4 / 2 / 114 // ) sUtra se aNpratyayAnta se cha (= Iya) pratyaya / nyAsakAra ne 6 / 2 / 36 para 'kAzakRtsnena proktamityaNa' likhA hai, vaha azuddha hai| 4 / 2 / 114 se prApta cha kA niSedha kauna karegA ? 25 ataH yahAM nyAsa 4 / 3 / 101 ke sadRza 'kAzakRtsninA proktamityaNa' pATha honA caahie| 3. mahAbhASya 4 / 1 / 14, 93; 4133155 // 4. kAzakRtsnaM mImAMsAzAstram / aGka 4, pRSTha 126 // 5. sadyastvaM kAzakRtsniH / 4 / 3 // 17 // 30 6. dekho isI pRSTha kI Ti0 2 / 7. pUrva pRSTha 66 / 8. dra0 pRSTha 116, Ti0 7 /

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pANinIyASTaka meM anullikhita prAcIna, prAcArya 116 tattvaratnAkara grantha meM saMkarSa kANDa (mImAMsA a0 13-16) ko kAzakRtsna-prokta kahA hai|' bhaTTabhAskara ne rudrAdhyAya ke bhASya meM kAzakRtsna kA yajuHsambandhI eka mata uddhRta kiyA hai|' baudhAyana gRhya meM kAzakRtsna kA mata nirdiSTa hai / vedAnta-sUtra meM kAzakRtsna kA mata smRta hai| Apastamba zrauta ke maisara saMskaraNa ke sampAdaka so0 5 narasiMhAcArya ne bhAga 1 kI bhUmikA pRSTha 55 tathA 57 meM saMkarSakANDa ko kAzakRtsna-prabhava mAnA hai| __ donoM eka hI vyakti-uparyukta granthoM meM smRta kAzakRtsna aura kAzakRtsni donoM nAma eka hI vyakti ke haiM, yaha hama pUrva pratipAdita kara cuke haiN| tathA uparyukta uddharaNoM meM jahAM-jahAM kAzakRtsna aura 10 kAzakRtsni kA smaraNa hai, vahAM sarvatra eka hI vyakti smRta hai, isameM aNumAtra bhI sandeha nhiiN| vaMza-baudhAyana zrautasUtra ke pravarAdhyAya (3) meM likhA hai bhagRNAmevAdito vyAkhyAsyAmaH paiGgalAyanAH vaihonarayaH, kAzakRtsnAH, pANinirvAlmIkiH..."prApizalayaH / isa vacana se spaSTa hai ki kAzakRtsna-gotra bhRguvaMza kA hai / ata: kAzakRtsna AcArya bhArgava hai| pitR-nAma -kAzakRtsni aura kAzakRtsna meM nirdiSTa taddhitapratyaya ke anusAra ina nAmoM kA mUla zabda kazakRtsna thaa| vardhamAna ke gaNaratnamahodadhi meM kazakRtsna zabda kI vyutpatti isa prakAra likhI hai- 20 ___kazAbhiH kRntanti 'kRte sne yATtve ca hrasvazca bahulam" ityanena hrasvatve kazakRtsnaH / 1. tattvaratnAkarAkhye bhaTTaparAzaragranthe saMkarSAkhyazcaturlakSaNAtmako madhyakANDaH kAzakRtsnakRta ityucyate / adhikaraNasArAvalI-prakAzikA meM uddhRta / 60-madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha sUcI, bhAga 4, khaNDa 1 bI naM0 3550, 25 pRSTha 5281 / 2. aSTau anuvAkA aSTau yajUSi iti kAzakRtsnaH / pUnA saMska0 pRSTha 26 // 3. AdhAraM prakRti prAha davihomasya bAdariH / prAgnihotrikaM tathAtreyaH kAzakRtsnastvapUrvatAm // 1 // 4 // 4. avasthiteriti kAzakRtsna: / 114 // 22 // 5. isa sUtra kA mUla anveSaNIya hai| 6. dra0-pRSTha 36 Ti0 1 /

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120 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa arthAt-kazApUrvaka 'kRtI chedane' dhAtu se ksna pratyaya aura AkAra ko hrasva hotA hai| prAcArya-nAma-tattvaratnAkara grantha meM bhaTTa parAzara ne kAzakRtsna ko bAdarAyaNa kA ziSya kahA hai|' bAdarAyaNa kRSNa dvaipAyana kA ho 5 nAma hai, aisA bhAratIya aitihAsikoM kA mata hai / ziSya-kAzikA-vRtti (6 / 2 / 104) meM udAharaNa hai-pUrvakAzakRtsnA, aparakAzakRtsnAH / ina udAharaNoM se spaSTa hai ki kAzakRtsna ke aneka ziSya the, aura ve pUrva tathA apara do vibhAgoM meM vibhakta mAne jAte the| kisa sImA ko mAna kara pUrva aura apara kA bheda 10 kiyA jAtA thA, yaha ajJAta hai| - jisa prakAra pANini ne kucha ziSyoM ko aSTAdhyAyI kA laghapATha par3hAyA aura kucha ko mahApATha, aura ve kramazaH pUrvapANinIya tathA aparapANinIya-nAma se prasiddha hue| usI prakAra sambhava hai kAza kRtsna ne bhI apane zAstra kA do rUpoM se pravacana kiyA ho / nirukta 15 Adi aneka prAcIna zAstroM ke laghu aura mahata do-do prakAra ke pravacana upalabdha hote haiM / deza-kAzakRtsna prAcArya kahAM kA nivAso thA, yaha ajJAta hai / pANini arIhaNAdi gaNa (4 / 2 / 80) meM kAzakRtsna pada par3hatA hai / vardhamAna yahAM kazakRtsna kA nirdeza karatA hai| tadanusAra, kAzakRtsna 20 athavA kazakRtsna se nimita athavA jahAM inakA nivAsa thA, vaha nagara athavA deza kAzakRtsnaka kahalAtA thA, itanA nizcita hai| para isa nagara athavA deza kI sthiti kahAM thI, yaha ajJAta hai| kAzakRtsna uttarabhAratIya-daivaM grantha kA vyAkhyAtA kRSNalIlA 1. gyArahavIM akhila bhAratIya oriyaNTala kAnphreMsa haidarAbAda 1841 ke 25 lekhoM kA saMkSepa, pRSTha 85, 86 / 2. zrI paM0 bhagavaddattajI racita vaidika vAGmaya kA itihAsa, brAhmaNa aura AraNyaka bhAga, pRSTha 85 / 3. isI grantha kA pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana' adhyAya kA antima bhaag| 4. dra0--isI pRSTha kI TippaNI 3 / 5. DA. vAsudevazaraNajI agravAla ne 'kAzakRtsna' zuddha pATha mAnA hai'pANinikAlIna bhAratavarSa,' pRSTha 488 /

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16 pANinIyASTaka meM anullikhita prAcIna prAcArya 121 zukamuni puruSakAra pRSTha 61 para likhatA hai dhanapAlastu tameva prastutyAha- varnu ghaTAdiSu paThanti dramiDAH / teSAM (nityaM) mitsajJA-vanayati / prAryAstu vibhASA mittvamicchanti / teSAM vAnaryAta vanayati / arthAta -dhanapAla kahatA hai ki dramiDa vanu dhAtu kA 'vanayati' rUpa 5 mAnate haiM, aura Arya 'vAnayati' tathA 'vanayati' do rUpa mAnate haiN| kAzakRtsna-dhAtupATha ke glAsnAvanuvamazvanakamyamicamaH' sUtrAnusAra 'vana' dhAtu kI vikalpa se mit-saMjJA hotI hai, aura vanayati, vanayati do rUpa niSpanna hote haiM / isa se sambhAvanA hotI hai ki kAzakRtsna uttaradezIya ho| sambhavataH baGgIya-kAzakRtsna dhAtusUtra 11203 meM pavargIya vAnta prakaraNa meM antastha vakArAnta 'garva' Adi dhAtueM par3hI haiM / baMga prAntIya candra-kAtantra prAdi vaiyAkaraNoM kI bhI aiso hI pravRtti dekhI jAtI hai| isa se sambhAvanA hotI hai ki kAzakRtsna baMgadezIya ho / kAla-hamAre svargIya mitra paM0 zrI kSitIzacandrajI caTTopAdhyAya 15 (kalakattA) kA vicAra hai ki kAzakRtsna pANini se uttaravartI hai, parantu unhoMne isa viSaya meM koI pramANa nahIM diyA / pANini se pUrvavartI-kAzakRtsna nizcaya hI pANini se pUrvavartI hai| isa meM nimnalikhita pramANa haiM 1. pANinIya gaNapATha ke antargata upakAdi gaNa (2 / 4 / 66) meM 20 kazakRtsna' aura arIhaNAdi gaNa (4 / 2 / 87) meM kAzakRtsna zabda zabda paThita hai| 1. kAzakRtsna-dhAtuvyAkhyAna / 11624 // * 2. Teknikala Tarsa Aph saMskRta-grAmara, pRSTha 2, 77 / 3. kAzikA, cAndravRtti aura jainendramahAvRtti meM 'kAzakRtsna' pATha milatA 25 hai, vaha azuddha hai / bhoja aura vardhamAna ne 'kazakRtsna' pATha mAnA hai| dekho kramaza: sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa 4 / 1 / 164 tathA gaNaratnamahodaghi zloka 30, pRSTha 33, 34 / vardhamAna ne vizrAntavidyAdhara vyAkaraNa ke kartA vAmana ke mata meM 'kasakRtsna' pATha darzAyA hai| ga0 ma0 pRSTha 34 / vardhamAna dvArA yahAM kAzakRtsna pAThAntara kA ullekha na hone se vyakta hai ki usake samaya meM kAzikAdi /

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122 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa / 2. vedAntasUtra nizcaya hI pANini se prAcIna haiM / ataH unameM smRta AcArya kRSNa dvaipAyana kA samakAlika hogA, athavA usase puurvvrtii| 3. tattvaratnAkara ke racayitA bhaTTa parAzara ne kAzakRtsna ko 5 bAdarAyaNa arthAt kRSNa dvaipAyana kA ziSya mAnA hai|' 4. mahAbhASya paspazAhnika ke anta meM kramazaH pANini Apizali aura kAzakRtsnaprokta granthoM kA ullekha hai-pANini prokta pANinIyam, prApizalama, kAzakRtsnam / inameM Apizali nizcaya hI pANini se pUrvavartI hai| ata eva 10 usakA pANini ke anantara nirdeza kiyA hai / isI kramAnusAra kAza kRtsna na kevala pANini se pUrvavartI hogA, apitu vaha Apizali se bhI pUrvavartI hogaa| 5. pAMca cha: varSa' hue kAzakRtsna kA dhAtupATha kannaDa-TIkAsahita prakAzita huA hai| usameM pANini ke dhAtupATha kI apekSA 15 lagabhaga 450 dhAtueM adhika haiN| bhAratIya grantha-pravacana-paripATI ke anusAra zAstrIya granthoM kA uttarottara saMkSepIkaraNa huA hai| vyAkaraNa ke upalabdha granthoM ke avalokana se bhI isa bAta kI satyatA bhalI bhAMti samajhI jA sakatI hai / isase mAnanA hogA ki kAzakRtsna-dhAtu pATha pANinIya dhAtupATha se prAcIna hai| 206. kAzakRtsna-dhAtupATha meM aneka dhAtuoM ke do-do rUpa haiN| yathA IDa Ila stutau / pANini ne inameM iDa rUpa par3hA hai / ata eva uttaravartI vaiyAkaraNa iDA aura ilA zabdoM kI siddhi eka hI IDa dhAtu se karate hue Da-la varNoM kA abheda mAnate haiM / 7. kAzakRtsna-dhAtupATha meM aneka aisI dhAtaeM haiM, jo usayapadI 25 haiN| unake parasmaipada aura Atmenapada donoM prakriyAoM meM rUpa hote haiM, granthoM meM 'kazakRtsna' hI pATha thaa| ataH kAzikA meM samprati upalabhyamAna 'kAzakRtsna' pramAdapATha hai| 1. pUrva pRSTha 120, Ti0 21 2. isa grantha ke saM0 2020 ke dvitIya saMskaraNa ke samaya / 3. isakA hamane saMskRta-rUpAntara 'kAzakRtsna-dhAtu vyAkhyAnam' ke nAma se 30 prakAzita kiyA hai|

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pANinIyASTaka meM anullikhata prAcIna prAcArya 123 yathA-vasa nivAse, Tuprozvi gativRddhyoH aura vada vyaktAyAM vAci / pANini inheM kevala parasmaipadI mAnatA hai / saMkhyA 6 pramANa se vidita hotA hai ki kAzakRtsna ke samaya IDa aura Ila donoM dhAtuoM ke prakhyAta ke svatantra prayoga loka meM pracalita the| isIlie usane donoM dhAtoM ko svatantra rUpa meM pddhaa| 5 parantu pANiti ke samaya IDa dhAtu ke hI rUpa lokapracalita raha gaye / ataH usane Ila kA pATha nahIM kiyA, kevala IDa dhAtu hI pddh'ii| isI prakAra saMkhyA 7 ke anusAra kAzakRtsna ke dhAtUpATha meM vasa, ziva aura vada dhAtu ko ubhayapadI par3hanA isa bAta kA pramANa haiM ki usake kAla meM ina dhAtuoM ke donoM prakAra ke rUpa loka meM pracalita the| pANini 10 ke samaya kevala parasmaipada ke rUpa hI avaziSTa raha gaye the, ata eva pANini ne kevala parasmaipadI par3hA / 8. mahAbhASya 5 / 1 / 21 Sara kaiyaTa likhatA hai prApizalakAzakRtsnayostvagrantha iti vacanAt / / arthAt -prApizala aura kAzakRtsna-vyAkaraNa meM pANinIya 15 zatAcca ThanyatAvazate (5 / 1 / 21) sUtra ke sthAna meM zatAcca ThanyatAvanathe pATha thaa| Apizali pANini se prAcIna hai / ataH usake sAtha smRta kAzakRtsna bhI pANini se prAcIna hogaa| itanA hI nahIM, yadi yaha mAnA jAye ki pANini ne prApizali ke sUtrapATha meM kucha anaucitya samajha- 20 kara agranthe kA prazate rUpa meM pariSkAra kiyA hai, to nizcaya ho mAnanA hogA ki Apizali ke samAna agranthe par3hane vAlA kAzakRtsna bhI pANini se pUrvabhAvI hai| yaha nahIM ho sakatA ki pANini prApizala-sUtra kA pariSkAra kare aura pANini se uttaravartI (jaisA kucha vyakti mAnate haiM) kAzakRtsna pANini ke pariSkAra ko chor3a kara punaH 25 Apizali ke apariSkRta aMza ko svIkAra kara le| 6. bhartRhari ke tadahamiti nArabdhaM sUtraM vyAkaraNAntare vacana kI vyAkhyA karatA huA helArAja likhatA hai prApizalAH kAzakRtsnAzca sUtrametannAdhIyate / vAkyapadIya, kANDa 3, pRSTha 714 (kAzI-saMska0) / 3.

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124 saMskRtavyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa __ arthAt - prApizala aura kAzakRtsna vyAkaraNa meM pANini dvArA paThita 'tadaham' (5 / 1 / 117) sUtra nahIM thaa| pratIta hotA hai, Apizala aura kAzakRtsna vyAkaraNa meM tadaham sUtra ke na hone ke kAraNa hI mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali ne pANini ke isa sUtra kI AvazyakatA kA pratipAdana bar3e yatna se kiyA hai / yadi kAzakRtsna pANini se uttaravartI hotA, to nizcaya hI vaha pANini kA anukaraNa karatA, na ki prApizali ke samAna usakA tyAga krtaa| 10. kAtantra-vyAkaraNa meM eka sUtra hai-bhisa ais vA (2 / 1 / 18) / arthAt akArAnta zabdoM se pare tRtIyA vibhakti ke bahuvacana 'bhis' ke sthAna meM 'ais' vikalpa karake hotA hai| yathA, devebhiH, devaH / kAtantra kAzakRtsna-tantra kA saMkSepa hai, yaha Age sapramANa likhA jaaygaa| tadanusAra kAtantrakAra ne yaha satra athavA mata kAzakRtsna se liyA hogaa| pANini ke anusAra loka meM kevala aisa ke devaH Adi prayoga hote haiM / kAtantra vizuddha laukika zabdoM kA vyAkaraNa haiM ataH 15 usakA upajIvya kAzakRtsna vyAkaraNa usa kAla kI racanA honA cAhie, jaba bhASA meM bhis aura aisa donoM ke devebhiH, devaiH donoM rUpa prayukta rahe hoN| vaha kAla pANini se nizcaya hI paryApta prAcIna rahA hogaa| 11. pANinIya dhAtupATha ke juhotyAdi gaNa ke tathA svAdi gaNa 20 ke anta meM chandasi gaNasUtra kA nirdeza karake jo dhAtueM par3hI haiM, prAyaH ve sabhI dhAtueM kAzakRtsna-dhAtupATha meM chandasi nirdeza ke vinA hI par3hI gaI haiN| isase pratIta hotA hai ki kAzakRtsna pANini se bahuta prAcIna hai| pANini ke samaya vaidika mAnI jAnevAlI dhAtueM kAzakRtsna ke kAla meM loka meM bhI pracalita thiiN| anyathA, vaha bhI pANini ke samAna 25 inake lie chandasi kA nirdeza avazya krtaa| ina uparyukta pramANoM aura hetuoM se spaSTa hai ki kAzakRtsna pANini se nizcaya hI pUrvavartI haiN| itanA hI nahIM, hamAre vicAra meM to kAzakRtsna prApizali se bhI prAcIna hai| 1. TIkAkAroM ne isa sUtra ke artha meM var3I khIMcAtAnI kI hai| 30 2. zarvavarmaNastu vacanAd bhASAyAmapyavasIyate / nahyayaM (kAtantrakAraH) chAndasAna zabdAn vyutpAdayati / kAtantravRtti, pariziSTa pRSTha 530 /

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pANinIyASTaka meM anullikhita prAcIna prAcArya 125 pAzcAtya aitihAsika pANini ko vikrama se 400-600 varSa pUrva mAnate haiM / yaha mata bhAratIya anavacchinna aitihAsika paramparA ke anusAra nitAnta mithyA hai / pANini vikrama se nizcaya hI 2600 varSa prAcIna haiM, yaha hama isa grantha meM pANini ke prakaraNa meM sapramANa likheMge / tadanusAra, kAzakRtsna kA kAla bhArata-yuddha (3100 5 vi0 pUrva) ke samIpa athavA usase pUrva mAnanA hogaa| . ___ kAzakRtsna ko pANini se pUrvavartI mAnane meM eka pramANa bAdhaka ho sakatA hai / vaha hai kAzikA 62 / 36 kA pATha-prApizalapANinIyAH, pANinIyarauDhIyAH, rauDhIyakAzakRtsnAH / inameM Apizali nizcaya hI pANini se pUrvavartI hai| yadi agale udAharaNoM meM bhI isI 10 prakAra paurvAparya-vyavasthA mAnI jAya, to pANini se arvAcIna rauDhi aura usase arvAcIna kAzakRtsna ko mAnanA hogaa| parantu yaha kalpanA pUrva uddhRta pramANoM se viruddha hone ke kAraNa cinya hai| itanA hI nahIM, vardhamAna ke matAnusAra pANinIyarauDhIyAH gaDhIyapANinIyAH donoM prakAra ke prayoga hote haiM (gaNaratnamahodadhi, pRSTha 26) 15 ataH spaSTa hai ki kAzikA ke uparyukta udAharaNoM meM kAla-krama abhipreta nahIM hai| anya paricaya nAma-abhI kucha varSa hue. kAzakRtna kA kannaDa-TIkA-sahita jo dhAtupATha prakAzita huA hai, usakA nAma hai-kAzakRtsna zabdakalApa 20 dhAtupATha / isa nAma meM 'zabdakalApa' pada dhAtupATha kA vizeSaNa hai, athavA kAzakRtsna ke zabdAnuzAsana kA mUla nAma hai, yaha vicAraNIya hai / zabdAnAM prakRtyAtmikAM kalAM pAti rakSati (= zabdoM kI prakRti rUpa kalA=aMza kI rakSA karatA hai) vyutpatti ke anusAra yaha dhAtupATha kA vizeSaNa ho sakatA hai| parantu hamArA nicAra hai ki zabda- 25 kalApa kAzakatsna-zabdAnuzAsana kA pradhAna nAma thaa| isameM nimna hetu hai, kAtantra, aparanAma kalApaka-vyAkaraNa' ke kalApaka nAma meM hrasva - - 1. samprati isakA 'kalApa' nAma se bhI vyavahAra hotA hai| yaha vyavahAra cintya hai /

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126 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa artha meM jo 'ka' pratyaya (aSTA0 5 / 3 / 86) humA hai, usase pratIta hotA hai ki kAtantra-vyAkaraNa jisa tantra kA saMkSipta saMskaraNa hai, usakA mUla nAma 'kalApa' hai| hama Age sapramANa siddha kareMge ki vartamAna kAtantra, aparanAma kalApaka athavA kaumAra-vyAkaraNa kAza5 kRtsna ke mahAtantra kA hI saMkSepa hai| ataH kAzakRtsna ke zabdAnuzAsana kA mUla nAma 'kalApa' hI pratIta hotA hai / zabdakalApa kA artha-hama bahuta vicAra ke anantara isa pariNAma para pahuMce haiM ki zabdakalApa pada kA artha 'zabdoM kI kalAnoM= aMzoM kA pAna karanevAlA' arthAt kisI bRhat zabdAnuzAsana kA 10 saMkSipta saMskaraNa hai / isameM nimna kAraNa haiM kAzikA 4 / 3 / 115, jaMna zAkaTAyana 3 / 1 / 182 kI cintAmaNivRtti tathA sarasvatI-kaNThAbharaNa 4 / 3 / 245 kI hRdayahAriNI TokA meM eka udAharaNa hai-kAzakRtsnaM gurulAghavam / yaha udAharaNa jisa sUtra kA hai, usake anusAra isakA artha hai-kAzakRtsna ne kisI ke upadeza 15 ke vinA apanI pratibhA se apane zAstra meM zabdoM ke gauravalAghava kA vicAra karake ananta zabdarAzi meM se lokaprasiddha mukhya zabdoM kA hA upadeza kiyA aura aprasiddha zabdoM ko chor3a diyA / arthAt kAzakatsna ne zabda-zAstra ke saMkSepa karane meM zabdoM ke gaurava prasiddhi aura lAghava =aprasiddhi para adhika dhyAna diyaa| ataH ukta udA20 haraNa se spaSTa hai ki kAzakRtsna ne kisI pUrva vyAkaraNa-zAstra meM aprasiddha zabdaviSayaka sUtroM ko kama kara diyA, arthAt kiso pUrva 1. dazapAdI-uNAdi-vRttikAra ne 3 / 5 (pRSTha 130) para kalApaka zabda meM 'kalA' upapada hone para prAD'-pUrvaka 'pA pAne' dhAtu se 'kvan' pratyaya mAnA hai / AcArya hemacandra ne bhI apane dhAtupArAyaNa (pRSTha 6) tathA uNAdivRtti " (pRSTha 10) meM dazapAdI-vRttikAra kA hI anusaraNa kiyA hai / Upara ke vivecana se spaSTa hai ki donoM lekhakoM kI vyutpattiyAM azuddha haiM / 2. kAtantra zabda kA artha bhI ISat-tantra hI hai| 3. kAtantra kI racanA choTe bAlakoM ke lie huI, yaha isa nAma se spaSTa hai| 4. hamAre vicAra meM gAyakavAr3a-saMskRta-sIsji meM prakAzita bAlidvIpIya 2. granthasaMgraha ke antargata kAraka-saMgraha ke antima zloka 'kAtantraM ca mahAtantraM dRSTvA tena uvAca' meM smRta mahAtantra kAtantra kA upajIvya kAzakRtsna-tantra hI hai /

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pANinIyASTaka meM anullikhita prAcIna prAcArya 127 atibRhat zAstra kA saMkSepa se upadeza kiyA / isalie zabdakalApa kA hamAre dvArA upari vivRta artha hI ThIka pratIta hotA hai| kAzakRtsna-dhAtupATha ke sampAdaka zrI e. ennarasiMhiyA ne ukta grantha kI bhUmikA meM 'zabdakalApa' nAma ke viSaya meM apanA kucha bhI vicAra prakaTa nahIM kiyaa| kevala 'kAzakatsna zabdakalApa-dhAtu- 5 pATha nAma ke kAraNa kucha logoM kA kahanA hai ki isakA sambandha kalApa-vyAkaraNa se hai| kalApa-vyAkaraNa ke kumAra-vyAkaraNa aura kAtantra-vyAkaraNa nAmAntara haiM' itanA hI likhakara isa prazna ko TAla diyA hai| parimANa-kAzakRtsna-vyAkaraNa meM kitane adhyAya, pAda tathA 10 sUtra the, isakA nirdezaka koI sAkSAt vacana upalabdha nahIM hotA, parantu kAzikA aura amoghAvRtti meM uddhata trikaM kAzakRtsnama, trikaM kAzakRtsnIyam', udAharaNoM se itanA spaSTa hai ki kAzakRtsna ke kisI sUtrAtmaka grantha meM tIna adhyAya the| hamAre vicAra meM ukta udAharaNoM meM smRta adhyAyatrayAtmaka kAzakRtsna grantha vyAkaraNa- 15 viSayaka thA, isameM nimna hetu haiM 1. kAzikA, 5 / 1158 tathA jaina zAkaTAyana, 3 / 2 / 161 kI amoghA vatti meM pUrvoddhata udAharaNoM ke sAtha nirdiSTa aSTakaM pANinIyam Adi udAharaNoM meM jitane anya sUtra-grantha smaraNa kiye gaye haiM, ve saba nizcaya hI vyAkaraNaviSayaka haiM / isalie sAhacarya-niyama 20 se usake sAtha smata kAzakatsna kA adhyAyatrayAtmaka grantha bhI vyAkaraNaviSayaka hI honA caahie| . 2. kalApaka aparanAma kAtantra-vyAkaraNa kAzakRtsna-vyAkaraNa kA saMkSepa hai, yaha hama Age sapramANa likheMge / mUla kAtantra-vyAkaraNa meM tIna hI adhyAya haiN| ata: yaha sambhava hai ki kAtantra-vyAkaraNa ke 25 upajIvya kAzakRtsna-vyAkaraNa meM bhI tIna hI adhyAya rahe hoN| pANini-vyAkaraNa ke saMkSepaka candragomI ne apane vyAkaraNa meM 1. dra0--pUrva pRSTha 116, Ti0 7 / 2. mUla kAtantra pAkhyAtAnta hai / agalA-kRdanta-bhAga (adhyAya 4) kAtyApana dvArA parivaddhita hai / isa kI mImAMsA kAtantra ke prakaraNa meM dekhie / 30

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128 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa pANinIya tantravat pATha hI adhyAya rakhe the|' pANini tathA cAndra vyAkaraNoM ke anusar bhAja ne bhI apane sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa nAmaka vyAkaraNa ko ATha adhyAyoM meM hI vibhakta kiyA hai| itanA hI nahIM, svayaM pANini ne bhI vyAkaraNa aura zikSA-sUtroM ko apane upajIvya Apizala-vyAkaraNa aura zikSA-sUtroM ke anusAra kramazaH pATha adhyAyoM tathA ATha prakaraNoM meM hI vibhakta kiyA hai| isI prakAra kAtantra ke vyAkaraNa pravaktA ne bhI tIna adhyAyoM kA vibhAgIkaraNa apane upajIvya kAzakRtsna-tantra ke anurUpa hI kiyA ho, yaha adhika sambhava hai| hamAre isa anumAna kI puSTi isase bhI hotI hai ki kAtantra-dhAtu10 pATha meM kAzakRtsna-dhAtupATha ke samAna hI dhAtunoM ko nava gaNoM meM vibhakta kiyA (juhotyAdi ko adAdi ke antargata mAnA hai) / prati adhyAya pAda-saMkhyA-kAzakRtsna-vyAkaraNa ke pratyeka adhyAya meM kitane pAda the, yaha jJAta nhiiN| kAzakRtna se laghu pANinIya-tantra meM ATha adhyAya haiM aura prati adhyAya cAra-cAra pAda / aisI avasthA 15 meM kAzakatsna-vyAkaraNa ke tona adhyAyoM meM prati adhyAya pAda-saMkhyA cAra se avazya hI adhika rahI hogii| kAtantra ke tona adhyAyoM meM kramazaH pAMca-pAMca tathA daza pAda hai| kAzakRtsna-tantra pANinIya tantra se vistRta-hama pahale likha cuke haiM ki kAzakRtsna kA zabdAnuzAsana kisI prAcIna mahAtantra kA 20 1. upalabdha cAndra vyAkaraNa meM kevala chaha hI adhyAya haiM, parantu mUla grantha meM ATha adhyAya the| bauddhamatAnuyAyiyoM kI upekSA ke kAraNa anta ke svaravaidika-prakriyA-sambandhI do adhyAya lupta ho gaye / hamane ina lupta do adhyAyoM ke aneka sUtra upalabdha kara liye haiM / draSTavya isI grantha kA 'pANini se arvA cIna vaiyAkaraNa' adhyAya meM cAndra vyAkaraNa kA prakaraNa / 25 2. haradatta ke lekhAnusAra (padamaJjarI, bhAga 1, pRSTha 6-7) pANinIya vyAkaraNa kA upajIvya prApizala-vyAkaraNa hai / aSTakA ApizalapANinIyAH / amoghAvRtti evaM cintAmaNivRtti 3 / 2 / 161 zAka0 vyAka0 / prApizala aura pANinIya-zikSA ke lie dra0-hamAre dvArA sammAdita 'zikSAsUtrANi' (Api zalapANinIyacAndra-zikSAsUtra) grnth| ina zikSAsUtroM kA nayA saMskaraNa vi0 30 saM0 2024 meM prakAzita kiyA hai / isa meM pANinIya zikSAsUtroM ke laghu aura bRhat donoM pATha diye haiN|

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17 pANinIyASTaka meM anullikhita prAcIna AcArya 126 saMkSipta pravacana hai / mUla kAzakRtsna-vyAkaraNa ke anupalabdha hone para bhI hamArA vicAra hai ki kAzakRtsna kA vyAkaraNa saMkSipta hote hae bhI pANinIya anuzAsana kI apekSA vistRta thaa| isameM nimna hetu 1. kAzakRtsna-vyAkaraNa ke Aja hameM jitane sUtra upalabdha hae 5 haiM, unakI pANinIya sUtroM ke sAtha tulanA karane se vidita hotA hai ki kAzakRtsna-vyAkaraNa meM aneka aise padoM kA anvAkhyAna thA, jinakA pANinIya tantra meM nirdeza nahIM hai / yathA [ka] brahma-barherero mani (1 / 320 pRSTha 50) [kha] kazyapa, kazipu-kazeryapa ipuzca (1 / 370, pRSTha 59) [ga] pulastya, agasti-pulyagibhyAmastyo'stizca (1 / 410, pRSTha 66) [1] lakSmI, lakSma, lakSmaNa ~lakSermomanmanAH (10, pRSTha 188) 2. cannavIrakavi-kRta kannaDa-TIkA-sahita jo dhAtupATha prakAzita 15 huA hai, usameM pANinIya dhAtupATha se lagabhaga 450 dhAtueM adhika jisa vyAkaraNa meM dhAtuoM kI saMkhyA jitanI hI adhika hogI, nizcaya hI vaha vyAkaraNa bhI utanA hI adhika vistRta hogaa| vaiziSTya-kisa vyAkaraNa meM kyA vaiziSTaya hai, isakA jJAna 20 vibhinna vyAkaraNa granthoM meM ullikhita nimnAGkita udAharaNoM se hotA hai| yathA1. prApizalaM puSkaraNam / kAzikA, 413 / 115 / / prApizalamAntaHkaraNam / sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa, hRdayahAriNITIkA 4 / 3 / 245 // 1. hama ne kAzakRtsna ke upalabdha sUtroM ko vyAkhyA sahita 'kAzakRtsnavyAkaraNam' ke nAma se prakAzita kiyA hai| 2. vastutaH kAzakRtsna-dhAnupATha meM lagabhaga 800 dhAtueM aisI haiM / jo pANinIya dhAtupATha meM nahIM haiM / 350 dhAtueM pANinIya dhAtupATha meM aisI haiM, jo kAzakRtsna-dhAtupATha meM nahIM haiM / ataH donoM granthoM kI pUrNa dhAtusaMkhyA kI dRSTi 30 se kAzakRtsna-dhAtupATha meM 450 dhAtueM adhika haiM / kAza0 vyAka0 pRSTha 20 / 3. ina udAharaNoM kA abhiprAya aspaSTa hai / vAmana ne kAzikA vRtti 25

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130 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 2. pANinIyamakAlakaM vyAkaraNam / kAzikA 4 / 3 / 115; jaina zAkaTAyana, cintAmaNi-vRtti 3 / 1 / 182 // pANinopajJamakAlaka vyAkaraNam / kAzikA 6 / 2 // 14 // 3. cAndramasaMjJaka vyAkaraNam / sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa-hRdayahAriNI 5 TokA 4 / 3 / 245 / / candropajJamasaMjJakaM vyAkaraNam / cAndravRtti 222 / 86; vAmanIya liGgAnuzAsana zloka 7, pRSTha 6 / isI prakAra kAzakRtsna-vyAkaraNa kI viziSTatA kA ghoSaka eka udAharaNa hai-kAzakRtsnaM gurulAghavam / .. yaha udAharaNa kAzikA 4 / 3 / 115, sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa 4 / 3 / 245 kI hRdayahAriNI TIkA tathA jaina zAkaTAyana 3 / 1 / 182 kI cintAmaNi-TIkA meM upalabdha hotA hai| ina saba udAharaNoM kI tulanA se vyakta hai ki jisa prakAra pANinIya tantra kI vizeSatA kAlaparibhASAnoM kA anirdeza hai, cAndra tantra 15 kI vizeSatA saMjJA-nirdeza vinA kiye zAstra-pravacana hai, usI prakAra kAzakRtsna tantra kI vizeSatA guru-lAghava hai| guru-lAghava zabda kA artha-hamane isa grantha ke prathama saMskaraNa (pRSTha 73) meM likhA thA 'vyAkaraNa-zAstra kI sUtra-racanA meM guru-lAghava (gaurava-lAghava) kA 20 vicAra saba se prathama kAzakatsna AcArya ne prArambha kiyA thaa| usase pUrva sUtra-racanA meM gaurava-lAghava kA vicAra nahIM kiyA jAtA thA / ' puna; isI pRSTha kI tIsarI TippaNI meM likhA thA'hamArA vicAra hai, kAzakRtsna se pUrva sUtra-racanA sambhavataH RkprAtizAkhya ke samAna zlokabaddha hotI thii| chandobaddha racanA hone para 25 gaurava-lAghava kA vicAra pUrNatayA nahIM rakhA jA sktaa| usameM zlokapUrtyartha aneka manAvazyaka padoM kA samAveza karanA par3atA hai|' 6 / 2 / 14 meM 'prApizalyupajJaM gurulAghavam' udAharaNa diyA hai| hamArA vicAra hai ki yahAM mUla pATha 'prApizalyupazaM' duSkaraNam, kAzakRtsnyupazaM gurulAghavam' rahA hogaa| madhya meM se 'duSkaraNaM kAzakRtsnyupaz2a' pATha truTita ho gyaa| tulanIya 20 kAzikA, 413|115-kaashkRtsnN gurulAghavam; ApizalaM puSkaraNam /

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pANinIyASTaka meM anullikhita prAcIna prAcArya 131 inakA bhAva yaha haiM ki sUtroM kI laghutA ke lie gadya kA Azraya saba se pUrva kAzakRtsna ne liyA thA / usase pUrva sUtra - racanA chandobaddha hotI thI / pUrvalekha zuddha - ukta lekha taba likhA gayA thA jaba kAzakRtsnadhAtupATha prakAza meM nahIM AyA thA, parantu kAzakRtsna- dhAtupATha tathA 5 usakI kannaDa-TIkA meM 135 sUtroM ke prakAza meM A jAne se hameM pUrva - vicAra meM parivartana karanA pdd'aa| kAzakRtsna sUtroM kI kAtantra-sUtroM se tulanA karane para jJAta hotA hai ki kAzakRtsna-vyAkaraNa bhI sambhavataH zlokabaddha rahA hogA / guru - lAghava kA zuddha artha - hama pahane likha cuke haiM ki bhAratIya 10 itihAsa aura vyAkaraNa ke upalabdha tantra isa bAta ke pramANa haiM ki vyAkaraNa- zAstra ke pravacana meM uttarottara saMkSepa huA hai / kAzakRtsna apane saMkSipta (pUrvApekSayA) zAstra kA pravacana karate samaya zabdoM ke gaurava=loka meM prayoga aura lAghava = loka meM aprayoga ko mukhyatA dii| dUsare zabdoM meM kAzakRtsna ne apane zAstra - pravacana meM loka meM 15 prasiddha zabdoM ko chor3a diyA, ataH usakA zAstra pUrva tantroM kI apekSA bahuta choTA ho gayA / isI kAraNa loka meM ' zabdakalApa' nAma se prasiddha huA / kAzakRtsna- tantra zlokabaddha - kAzakRtsna kA vyAkaraNa RkprAtizAkhya ke samAna padyabaddha thA, na ki pANinIya tantra ke samAna gadya- 20 baddha / isameM nimna hetu haiM 1. mUla kAtantra - vyAkaraNa kA paryApta bhAga chandobaddha hai | kAtantra kAzakRtsna kA saMkSipta pravacana hai / isase anumAna hotA hai ki kAzakRtsna tantra bhI zlokabaddha rahA hogA / * kAzakRtsna- vyAkaraNa ke jo vikIrNa sUtra kannaDa TIkA meM upalabdha 25 hue haiM, unameM pratyaya-nirdeza do prakAra se milatA hai| satra meM jahAM eka se adhika pratyayoM kA nirdeza hai, vahAM kahIM pratyayoM kA samAsa se nirdeza kiyA hai, kahIM pRthak-pRthak / yathA samastanirdeza - lakSemamanmanAH / dhA0 sUtra | 10, pRSTha 188 / nAmna upamAnAdAcAre prAyaGIyau / zratha NijantAH, pRSTha 222 / samasta nirdeza - kazepa ipuzca / dhA0 sUtra 9 370, pRSTha 56 / - 30

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132 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa pulyagastibhyAmastyo'stizca / dhA0 sUtra 11410, pRSTha 66 / pratyayoM kA isa prakAra samasta aura asamasta ubhayathA nirdeza tabhI sambhava ho sakatA hai, jaba sUtra racanA chandobaddha ho arthAt chando'nurodha se kahIM samasta aura kahIM asamasta nirdeza karanA par3e / anyathA 5 lAghava ke lie samasta nirdeza hI karanA yukta hotA hai / 3. kAzakRtsna-vyAkaraNa ke jo sUtra upalabdha hue haiM, unameM katipaya spaSTa rUpa meM zloka athavA zlokAMza hai / yathA-- [ka] bhUte bhavye vartamAne bhAve kartari karmaNi / prayojake guNe yogye dhAtubhyaH syuH kvibAdayaH // dhA0 sUtra 11372, pRSTha 60 / [kha] gRhAH puMsi ca nAmnyeva / dhA0 sUtra 8 / 14, pRSTha 182 / [ga] akarmakebhyo dhAtubhyo bhAve karmaNi yaG smRtaH // atha NijantAH , pRSTha 223 // kAzakRtsna ke jo sUtra upalabdha hue haiM, ve usake tantra ke vividha 15 prakaraNoM ke haiM, isaliye gadyabaddha pratIyamAna sUtroM ke viSaya meM bhI zlokabaddha hone kI sambhAvanA kA nirAkaraNa nahIM hotaa| kAzakRtsna ke 140 sUtroM kI upalabdhi-hamane isa grantha ke prathama saMskaraNa meM kAzakRtsna ke cAra-pAMca sUtra uddhRta kiye the| tatpazcAt saM0 2008 vi0 ke anta meM kAzakRtsna-dhAtupATha kannaDaTIkA-sahita prakAza meM aayaa| aise durlabha aura pANini se prAcIna ArSa grantha ke anuzIlana ke lie mana lAlAyita ho utthaa| parantu kannaDa-bhASA kA parijJAna na hone ke kAraNa usase vaMcita raha gaye / anta meM hamane bahata dravya vyaya karake saM0 2011 vi0 meM isakI nAgarAkSaroM meM pratilipi krvaaii| isa grantha ke anuzIlana se saMskRta-bhASA aura usake vyAkaraNa ke sambandha meM jahAM aneka rahasya vidita hue, aura saM0 2007 meM likhe gae isa grantha ke prathama adhyAya meM ullikhita prAcIna saMskRtabhASA-sambandhI vicAroM kI puSTi huI, vahIM kAzakRtsna-vyAkaraNa ke lagabhaga 135 sUtra naye upalabdha hue|' 1. ina sUtroM aura ina kI vyAkhyA ke lie dekhie hamArA 'kAzakRtsna30 vyAkaraNam' grnth| 20

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pANinoyASTaka meM anullikhita prAcIna prAcArya 133. anya grantha kAzakRtsna athavA kAzakRtsni ne zabdAnuzAsana ke atirikta usake katipaya svIya vyAkaraNa ke khila pATha aura mImAMsA Adi nimna granthoM kA pravacana kiyA thA 1. dhAtupATha-kAzakRtsna prokta dhAtupATha cannavIra kavi kRta 5 kannaDa TIkA sahita saMvata 2008 meM prakAza meM A cukA hai| hamane kannaDa TIkA kA saMskRta rUpAntara karake 'kAzakRtsna-dhAtuvyAkhyAnam' ke nAma se prakAzita kiyA hai| isa ke viSaya meM vizeSa vicAra isa grantha ke dvitIya bhAga meM adhyAya 22 meM kiyA hai| 2. uNAdi-pATha-isa ke viSaya meM isI grantha ke dvitIya bhAga meM 10 'uNAdi-sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA' zIrSaka adhyAya 24 meM dekhiye| 3. paribhASApATha-isa ke viSaya meM dvitIya bhAga meM paribhASApATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA' zIrSaka adhyAya 26 meM dekheN| 4. mImAMsA zAstra-pUrva pRSTha 118 para likha cuke haiM ki pAta- 15 jala mahAbhASya aura bhAsa ke yajJaphala nATaka meM kAzakRtsna-prokta mImAMsA zAstra kA ullekha milatA hai| tattvaratnAkara ke lekhaka bhaTTa parAzara prabhati saMkarSa kANDa ko kAzakRtsna-prokta svIkAra karate haiM / 4. yajJa-saMbaMdhI grantha-baudhAyana gRhya aura bhaTTa bhAskara ke pUrva pRSTha 116 para uddhRta pramANoM se vyakta hotA hai ki kAzakRtsna ne yajJa- 20 viSayaka bhI koI grantha likhA thA / 6. vedAnta-pUrva pRSTha 116 para nirdiSTa vedAnta 1 / 4 / 22 ke uddharaNase yaha bhI saMbhAvanA hotI hai ki kAzakRtsna ne kisI vedAnta sUtra athavA adhyAtma zAstra kA pravacana bhI kiyA thaa| kAzakRtsna prokta vyAkaraNa ke sAGgopAGga vivecana aura usake 2 5 upalabdha sUtroM ke lie hamArA 'kAzakRtsna-vyAkaraNam' saMskRta grantha dekhie / isa grantha ko hama pRthak rUpa meM prakAzita kara cuke haiN|

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 10 - zantanu ( 3100 vi0 pUrva ) 5 AcArya zantanu ne kisI sarvAGgapUrNa vyAkaraNa zAstra kA pravacana kiyA thA / samprati upalabhyamAna phiT-sUtra usI zAstra kA ekadeza hai / yaha hama ne isa grantha ke 'phiT sUtra kA pravaktA zraura vyAkhyAtA' nAmaka sattAIsaveM adhyAya meM vistAra se likhA hai / isalie zantanu ke kAla aura usake zabdAnuzAsana ke lie pAThakavRnda ukta adhyAya kA avalokana kreN| yahAM usI viSaya kA punaH pratipAdana karanA piSTapeSaNavat hogA / 134 15 11 - vaiyAghrapadya (3100 vi0 pU0 ) AcArya vaiyAghrapadya kA nAma pANinIya vyAkaraNa meM upalabdha nahIM hotA / kAzikA 7 / 1 / 64 meM likhA hai guNaM tvigante napuMsake vyAghrapadAM variSThaH / ' isa uddharaNa se vaiyAghrapadya kA vyAkaraNa- pravaktRtva vispaSTa hai / paricaya vaiyAghrapadya ke gotrapratyayAnta hone se isake pitA athavA mUla puruSa kA nAma vyAghrapAda hai, itanA spaSTa hai / kAla vyAghrapAd kA pitA - mahAbhArata anuzAsana parva 53 | 30 ke anu20 sAra vyAghrapAd maharSi vasiSTha kA putra hai / " pANini ne vyAghrAt pada gargAdigaNa meM paThA hai / usa se ya pratyaya hokara vaiyAghrapadya pada niSpanna hotA hai / vaiyAghrapadya nAma zatapatha brAhmaNa, jaimini brAhmaNa, jaiminIya upaniSad brAhmaNa, tathA 1. vyAghrapAdapatyAnAM madhye variSTho vaiyAghrapadya AcArya: / padamaJjarA 25 7 1164, bhAga 2, pRSTha 736 // 2. vyAtrayonyAM tato jAtA vasiSThasya mahAtmanaH / ekonaviMzatiH putrAH khyAtA vyAghrapadAdayaHH // 3. aSTA0 4 / 1 / 105 / / 4. 10 / 6 / 1 / 7,8 // 5. 3|7|4|1|| 4|6|1|1| ina donoM sthAnoM meM 'rAma kAtujAteya' ke liye vaiyAghrapadya' pada kA prayoga hai /

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pANinIyASTaka meM anullikhita prAcIna prAcArya 135 zAMkhyAyana AraNyaka' Adi meM upalabdha hotA hai / yadi yahI vaiyAghrapadya vyAkaraNa - pravaktA ho, to vaha avazya hI pANini se prAcIna hogA / yadi yaha vaiyAghrapadya sAkSAt vasiSTha kA pautra ho, to nizcaya hI yaha vasiSThapautra parAzara kA samakAlika hogA / tadanusAra isa kA kAla vikrama se nyUnAtinyUna 4000 cAra sahasra varSa pUrva honA 5 cAhie / kAzikA 8 / 2 / 1 meM uddhRta 'zuSkikA zuSkajaGghA ca' kArikA ko bhaTToji dIkSita ne vaiyAghrapadyaviracita vArttika mAnA hai / ataH yadi yaha vacana pANinIya sUtra kA prayojana - vArtika ho, to nizcaya hI vArtikakAra vaiyAghrapadya anya vyakti hogA / hamArA vicAra hai yaha 10 kArikA vaiyAghrapadIya vyAkaraNa kI hai / parantu pANinIya sUtra ke sAtha bhI saMgata hone se prAcIna vaiyAkaraNoM ne isakA sambandha pANini ke 'pUrvatrAsiddham' sUtra se jor3a diyaa| mahAbhASya meM yaha kArikA nahIM hai / vayAghrapadIya vyAkaraNa kA parimANa 15 kAzikA 4 / 2 / 65 meM udAharaNa diyA- 'dazakA : vaiyAghrapadIyAH / isI prakAra kAzikA 5 / 1058 meM par3hA hai - 'dazakaM vaiyAghrapadIyam' / ina udAharaNoM se pratIta hotA hai ki vaiyAghrapadya - prokta vyAkaraNa meM daza adhyAya the | 20 paM0 gurupada hAladAra ne isa vyAkaraNa kA nAma vaiyAghrapada likhA hai, aura isake pravaktA kA nAma vyAghrapAt mAnA hai / yaha ThIka nahIM hai; yaha hamAre pUrvoddhRta udAharaNoM se vispaSTa hai / yadi vahAM vyAghrapAda prokta vyAkaraNa abhipreta hotA, to 'dazakaM vyAghrapadIyam' prayogahotA hai / hAM, mahAbhASya 6 / 2 / 36 meM eka pATha hai - zrApizalapANi-nIyavyADIyagautamIyAH / isa meM 'vyADIya' kA eka pAThAntara 'vyAghrapadIya' hai / yadi yaha pATha prAcIna ho, to mAnanA hogA ki prAcArya vyAghrapAt ne bhI kisI vyAkaraNazAstra kA pravacana kiyA thA / isa se adhika hama isa vyAkaraNa ke viSaya meM nahIM jAnate / 1. 67 // 2. ata eva zuSkikA iti vaiyAghrapadyavArtike jizabda eva paThyate / zabdakaustubha 1 / 1 / 56 / / 3. bhraSTA0 8 / 2 / 1 / / 4. vyAkaraNa darzanera iti0 pRSTha 444 / 25 30

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136 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 12-mAdhyandini (3000 vi0 pU0) mAdhyandini prAcArya kA ullekha pANinIya tantra meM nahIM hai / kAzikA 7 / 1 / 94 meM eka kArikA uddhRta hai saMbodhane tUzanasastrirUpaM sAntaM tathA nAntamathApyadantam / mAdhyandinirvaSTi guNa tvigante napuMsake vyAghrapadAM variSThaH // kAtantravRttipaJjikA ke racayitA trilocanadAsa ne isa kArikA ko vyAghrabhUti ke nAma se uddhRta kiyA hai|' supadmamakarandakAra ne bhI ise vyAghrabhUti kA vacana mAnA hai| nyAsakAra aura haradatta ise Agama vacana likhate haiN| ___isa vacana meM mAdhyandini AcArya ke mata meM 'uzanas' zabda ke saMbodhana meM 'he uzanaH, he uzanana, he uzana' ye tIna rUpa darzAye haiM / vimalasarasvatI kRta rUpamAlA (napuMsakaliGga prakaraNa) aura prakriyAkaumudI kI bhUmikA ke pRSTha 32 meM eka vacana isa prakAra uddhRta hai ika: SaNDhe'pi sambuddhau guNo maadhyndinemte| ina uddharaNoM se spaSTa hai ki mAdhyandini prAcArya ne kiso vyAkaraNazAstra kA pravacana, pravazya kiyA thaa| paricaya mAdhyandini pada apatyapratyayAnta hai| tadanusAra isake pitA kA nAma madhyandina thaa| pANini ke mata meM bAhvAdi gaNa ko prAkRti20 gaNa mAna kara RSyaNa ko bAdhakara 'i' pratyaya hotA hai / jaina zAka TAyanIya gaNapATha ke bAhvAdi gaNa (2 / 4 / 22) meM isakA sAkSAnnirdeza milatA hai| 1. kAtantra catuSTaya 100 / 2. supadma subanta 24 / / 3. anantaroktamarthamAgamavacanena draDhayati / nyAsa 71164 // tadAptAgamena 25 draDhayati / tathA coktama .... / padamajarI 7 / 1 / 64; bhAga 2, pRSTha 736 / 4. madhyandinasyApatyaM mAdhyandinirAcAyaH / padamajarI 7194; bhAga 2 pRSTha 736 / / 5. assttaa04| 16 / / . 6. jaina zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa pariziSTa, pRSTha 2)

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18 pANinIyASTaka meM anullikhita prAcIna AcArya 137 kAla pANini ne mAdhyandini ke pitA madhyandina kA nirdeza utsAdigaNa' meM kiyA hai| madhyandina vAjasaneya yAjJavalkya kA sAkSAt ziSya hai| usane yAjJavalkya-prokta zuklayajuHsahitA ke padapATha kA pravacana kiyA thA / mAdhyandinI saMhitA ke adhyetA mAdhyandinoM kA eka mata 5 kAtyAyanIya zuklayajuHprAtizAkhya meM uddhRta hai / ina pramANoM se vyakta hai ki madhyandina kA putra mAdhyandini prAcArya pANini se prAcIna hai / isakA kAla vikrama se lagabhaga 3000 varSa pUrva hai / madhyandina ke grantha zuklayajuH-padapATha-mAdhyandini ke pitA AcArya madhyandina ne 10 yAjJavalkya-prokta prAcIna zuklayajuHsaMhitA kA pravacana kiyA thA mAdhyandina prAcArya ne mantrapATha meM koI parivartana nahIM kiyA, kevala kucha pUrva paThita mantroM kI pratIkeM yatra tatra bar3hAI haiN| isIliye saMhitA ke hastalikhita granthoM meM ise bahudhA yajurveda vA vAjasaneya saMhitA kahA 1. aSTA0 41166 // 2. yAjJavalkyasya ziSyAste kaNva-vaidheyazAlinaH / madhyandinazca zApeyI vidagdhazcApyuddAlakaH // vAyu purANa 61 / 24,25 // yahI pATha kucha bheda se brahmANDa pUrva bhAga a0 35 zloka 28 meM bhI milatA hai / 3. tasmin LahaLajihvAmUlIyopadhmAnIyanAsikyA na santi mAdhyandinAnAM, lukAro dIrghaH. plutAzcoktavarjam / 8 / 36 // 20 4. zukla yajurvedI darzapaurNamAsa kA prArambha pahale pUrNimA meM paurNamAsa. tatpazcAt amAvAsyA meM darza, isa krama se mAnate haiM / zatapatha brAhmaNa bhI pahale paurNamAsa mantroM kA vyAkhyAna karatA hai, tadanantara darza mantroM kA / yadi zukla yajaHsaMhitA kA apUrva pravacana yAjJavalkya athavA madhyandina ne kiyA hotA, to usa meM prathama iSe tvAdi darza mantroM kA pravacana na hokara zatapatha ke samAna paurNa- 25 mAsa mantroM kA pravacana hotaa| .. 5. mAdhyandinasaMhitA meM punarukta mantra do prakAra se samAmnAta upalabdha hote haiN| prathama sakalapATha ke rUpa meM aura dvitIya pratIkanirdeza ke rUpa meN| sakalapATharUpa meM punaruktamantra mUla vAjasaneya saMhinA ke aMgabhUta haiN| dra0vaidika-siddhAnta-mImAMsA, pRSTha 244 /

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138 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa gayA hai / anyatra bhI ise zuklayajuHzAkhAoM kA mUla kahA hai|' grantha kA Antarika sAkSya bhI isa kI puSTi karatA hai| pahale (saMskaraNa 1, 2 meM) hamane yaha sambhAvanA prakaTa kI thI ki madhyandina AcArya ne zuklayajuH ke padapATha kA pravacana kiyA thA, aura usI AdhAra para isa kA nAma 'mAdhyandinI saMhitA' prasiddha huaa| kyoMki kevala padapATha ke pravacana se bhI prAcIna saMhitAeM padakAra ke nAma se vyavahRta hotI haiM / yathA-zAkalya ke padapATha se mUla Rgveda zAkala saMhitA, aura Atreya ke padapATha ke kAraNa prAcIna taittirIya saMhitA AtreyI kahAtI hai| isI prakAra madhyandina ke padapATha ke 10 kAraNa prAcona yajuH saMhitA mAdhyandino saMhitA ke nAma se vyavahRta huI, parantu aba anya tathya prakaTa huA hai| mAdhyandina padapATha zAkalya-kRta-saM0 2020 ke isa grantha ke dvitIya saMskaraNa chapane ke kucha mAsa ke pazcAt 'kekar3I' (rAjasthAna) ke mitravara paM0 madanamAhanajI vyAsa ne hameM mAdhyandinI saMhitA ke padapATha 15 kA eka sampUrNa hastalekha diyaa| usa kA lekhana kAla pUrvArdha (a0 20) aura uttarArdha (a0 40) ke anta meM saM0 1471 zaka 1326 aGkita ___1. tathA cedaM holIrabhASyam-yajurvedasya mUlaM hi bhedo mAdhyandinIyakaH / ..."tasmAnmAdhyandinIyazAkhA eva paJcadazasu vAjasaneyazAkhAsu mukhyA sarva sAdhAraNI ca / ataeva vasiSThenoktama- mAdhyandinI tu yA zAkhA sarvasAdhAraNI 20 tu saa| rAjakIya hastalekha pustakAlaya madrAsa kA sUcIpatra bhAga 3, pRSTha 3426, grantha naM0 2406 anitinAma pustaka kA mudrita paatth| dra0 merI 'vaidika-siddhAnta-mImAMsA' ('mUla yajurveda' zIrSaka lekha) pRSTha 243 / vasiSTha kA ukta vacana zuklayajuHprAtizAkhya ke pariziSTarUpa 'pratijJAsUtra' 13 ke bhASya meM anantadeva ne bhI uddhRta kiyA hai / tathA sUtrakAra ke mata meM mAdhyandina 25 saMhitA kA hI mukhyatva mAnA hai| 2. dekho-vaidika-siddhAnta-mImAMsA, 'mUla yajurveda' zIrSaka lekha, pRSTha 243 / 3. ukha: zAkhAmimAM prAha AtreyAya yazasvine / tena zAkhA praNIteyamAtreyIti socyate // yasyAH padakRdAtreyo vRttikArastu kuNDinaH / te0 kANDAnukrama, 20 paSTha 6, zloka 26, 27 / tai0 saM0 bhaTTabhAskarabhASya bhAga 1 ke anta meM mudrit|

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pANinIyASTaka meM anullikhita prAcIna prAcArya 136 hai / isake antima 10 adhyAyoM ke anta meM zAkalyakRte pade aisA spaSTa lekha hai / zAkalyakRte padapATha kA jisa meM nirdeza hai, aisA eka hastalekha 'eziyATika sosAiTI' kalakattA ke saMgraha meM cirakAla se vidyamAna hai / gaveSakoM ko usa kA jJAna bhI hai, parantu ekamAtra hastalekha para 5 zAkalyakRtatva kA nirdeza milane se gaveSaka use prAmANika nahIM mAnate the / parantu aba usa se bhI purAne hastalekha para 'zAkalyakRta' kA nirdeza hone se mAdhyandina- padapATha ke zAkalya pravaktRtva meM koI saMdeha nahIM rahA / ataH hamArI pUrva sambhAvanA ThIka nahIM nikalI / 10 eziyATika sosAiTI kA hastalekha antima 20 adhyAyoM kA hai / pustakAdhyakSa ne mere 7 janavarI 63 ke patra ke uttara meM 8 pharavarI 63 ke patra meM likhA hai ki 'yaha nAgarAkSaroM meM hai, aura akSaroM kI banAvaTa se 18 vIM zatI kA vidita hotA hai|' isa ke pazcAt padapATha ke sampAdana-kAla meM san 1966 meM kalakattA jAkara hamane svayaM use bhI dekhA hai / hamArA vicAra hai ki mAdhyandinI saMhitA kA padapATha zAkalya prokta hai| 15 mAdhyandina - padapATha kA sampAdana- hamane deza ke vibhinna bhAgoM se mAdhyandina padapATha ke hastalekhoM kA saMgraha karake ( eka koza vi0 saM0 1471 kA hai) bar3e parizrama se sampAdita kiyA hai / isa meM mukhya pATha ke sAtha prakAra ke avAntara pATha bhI diye haiM / prArambha meM padapAThoM 20 kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana bhI prastuta kiyA hai, aura anta meM mAdhyandinapATha se saMbaddha kaI viSayoM para vicAra kiyA hai / mAdhyandina - zikSA - kAzI se eka zikSAsaMgraha chapA hai / usa meM do mAdhyandinI zikSAeM chapI haiN| eka laghu aura dUsarI bRhat / ina meM mAdhyandinasaMhitA saMbandhI svara Adi ke uccAraNa ko vyavasthA 25 hai / ye donoM zikSAeM arvAcIna haiM / ina kA mUla vAjasaneya prAtizAkhya hai / isa viSaya meM vizeSa 'zikSA zAstra kA itihAsa' grantha meM dekheM / 13 - rauTi ( 3000 vi0 pu0 ) AcArya rauDhi kA nirdeza pANinIya tantra meM nahIM haiM / vAmana 30

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140 ___ saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kAzikA 6 / 2 / 36 meM udAharaNa detA hai-prApizalapANinIyAH, pANinIyarauDhIyAH, rauDhIyakAzakRtsnAH ' / ina meM zruta ApizAli, pANini aura kAzakRtsna nissandeha vaiyAkaraNa haiM / ataH inake sAtha smRta rauDhi prAcArya bhI vaiyAkaraNa hogaa| paricaya vaMza-rauDhi pada apatyapratyayAnta hai, tadanusAra isa ke pitA kA nAma rUDha hai / __svasA-vardhamAna ne krauDyAdigaNa meM rauDhi pada par3hA hai / tadanusAra rauDhi ko svasA kA nAma rauDhayA thaa| mahAbhASya 4 / 176 se bhI isakI puSTi hotI hai / pANini ke gaNapATha meM rauDhi pada upalabdha nahIM hotaa| sampannatA-pataJjali ne mahAbhASya 1 / 1173 meM 'ghRtarauDhIyAH udAharaNa diyA hai| jayAditya ne isakA bhAva kAzikA 111 / 73 meM isa prakAra vyakta kiyA hai -ghRtapradhAno rauDhiH ghRtarauDhiH tasya chAtrAH 15 ghatarauDhIyAH / isa prakAra se vyakta hotA hai ki yaha prAcArya atyanta sampanna thaa| isa ne apane antevAsiyoM ke lie ghRta kI vyavasthA vizeSarUpa se kara rakkhI thii| isI bhAva kA poSaka ghatarauDhIyAH kAzikA 6 / 2 / 69 meM bhI hai| kAzikAkAra ke anusAra usakA abhi prAya hai-- jo chAtra rauDhiprokta zAstra meM zraddhA na rakha kara kevala ghRta2. bhakSaNa ke liye usake zAstra ko par3hate haiM, unakI 'pUrvapadAdya dAtta ghata rauDhIya' pada se nindA kI jAtI hai| kAla 25 rauDhi pada pANinIya aSTaka tathA gaNapATha meM upalabdha nahIM hotA / mahAbhASya 4 / 1 / 76 meM likhA hai|| siddhantu rauDhyAdiSUpasaMkhyAnAt / siddhametat, kathaM ? rauDhyAdiSupasaMkhyAnAt / rauDhyAdiSUpasaMkhyAnaM kartavyam / ke punA rauDhayAdayaH ? ye krauDyAdayaH / ___ isa para kaiyaTa likhatA hai-'kroDyAdi ke sthAna meM vArtikapaThita rauDhayAdi para pUrvAcAryoM ke anusAra hai|' isakA yaha abhiprAya hai ki

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pANinIyASTaka meM anullikhita prAcIna prAcaya 141 pUrvAcArya pANinIya 'kauDyAdibhyazca" sUtra ke sthAna meM 'rauDhyAvibhyazca' par3hate the| isa se spaSTa hai ki rauDhi AcArya pANini se paurvakAlika hai / pAlyakIti ne apane vyAkaraNa 2 / 3 / 4 meM rUDhAdibhyaH hI par3hA hai| 14-zaunaki (3000 vi0 pU0) caraka saMhitA ke TIkAkAra jajjhaTa ne cikitsAsthAna 2 / 27 kI vyAkhyA meM AcArya zaunaki kA eka mata uddhRta kiyA hai / pATha isa prakAra hai kAraNazabdastu vyutpAditaHkaroterapi kartRtve dIrghatvaM zAsti zaunakiH / tarthAt-kRJ dhAtu se kartA artha meM (lyuT meM) dIrghatva kA zAsana karatA hai' zaunaki prAcArya / mallavAdikRta-dvAdazAra-nayacakra kI siMhasUri gaNi kRta TIkA meM likhA hai syAnmatama, karotIti kAraNam / yathoktamNThivasivyolyuTpagyodIrghatvaM vaSTi bhaaguriH| karoteHkartR bhAve ca saunAgAH pracakSate // arthAth-SThiva siva kI lyuT pare rahane para dIrghatva cAhatA hai bhAguri / karoti se kartR bhAva meM dIrghatva saunAga kahate haiN| sambhava hai yahAM para saunAgAH ke sthAna para zaunakAH mUla pATha ho / bhaTTi kI jayamaMgalA TIkA 3 / 47 meM uddhRta vacana kA uttarArdha isa prakAra haidhAkRmostaninayozca bahulatvena zaunakiH / arthAt-ghAJ kRj tanu aura naha dhAtu ke pare rahane para api aura 25 20 1. aSTA0 41180 // 2. tulanA karo- "kRJaH kartari" cAndra sUtra (13366) / 3. bar3odA saMskaraNa bhAga 1, pRSTha 41 / ... ... .

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20 142 saMskRta vyAkaraNa- zAstra kA itihAsa ava upasarga ke prakAra kA lopa bahula karake hotA hai, aisA zaunaki hai / 25 ina pramANoM se spaSTa hai ki prAcArya zaunaka ne kisI vyAkaraNatantra kA pravacana kiyA thA / zaunaka pada apatyapratyayAnta hai| tadanusAra zonaki ke pitA kA 10 nAma zaunaka hai / yaha brahmajJAnanidhi gRhapati zAnaka kA putra hai / zaunaka kA kAla vikrama se 3000 varSa pUrva hai, yaha hama pANini ke prasaGga meM likheMge / ataH zaunaka kA kAla bhI 3000 varSa vikrama pUrva mAnanA yukta hai / yadi pUrvanirdiSTa sambhAvanAnusAra zaunaka zaunaki eka bhI hoM, taba bhI kAla meM vizeSa antara nahIM hogA / 15 zaunaka ke vyAkaraNa pambandhI mata vAjasaneya prAtizAkhya Adi meM bahuta uddhRta haiM / ' kyA pANina-pANini kAzakRtsna- kAza kRtsni ke samAna zaunaka - zaunaka nAmoM se eka vyakti abhipreta hai ? paricaya aura kAla caraka sUtrasthAna 25 / 16 meM zaunaka kA eka pAThAntara bhI zaunaki milatA hai / zaunaka ke cikitsA grantha kA nirdeza praSTAGgahRdaya kalpasthAna 6 / 15 meM aghI zaunakaH punaH rUpa meM milatA hai / isa kI sarvAGgasundarA TIkA meM likhA hai zaunakastu tantrakRdadhIte ....''/ zaunaka prokta jyotiSa grantha athavA usa ke matoM kA ullekha jyotiSa granthoM meM prAyaH upalabdha hotA hai / pradbhutasAgara pRSTha 325 meM zaunaka ke mata meM ulkAoM kA paJcavidhatva nirdiSTa hai / * 1. pUrva pRSTha 77 dra0 / 2. dra0 - nirNayasAgara mudrita guTakA / 3. draSTavya - zaMkara bAlakRSNa kRta 'bhAratIya jyotiSa zAstrAcA itihAsa' pRSTha 156, 452 Ti0, 487 (dvi0 saM0) / 4. ulkA evaM paJcavidhi hyetA: zaunakena pradarzitAH /

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pANinIyASTaka meM anullikhita prAcIna prAcAya 143 15-gautama (3000 vi0 pU0) gautama kA nAma pANinIya tantra meM nahIM miltaa| mahAbhASya 6 / 2 / 36 meM prApizalapANinIyavyADIyagautamIyAH' prayoga milatA hai| isa meM smRta Apizali, pANini aura vyADi ye tIna vaiyAkaraNa haiM / ataH ina ke sAtha smRta AcArya gautama bhI vaiyAkaraNa pratIta hotA hai| 5 isakI puSTi taittirIya prAtizAkhya' aura maMtrAyaNIya prAtizAkhya se hotI hai| usa meM prAcArya gautama ke mata udadhRta haiN| mahAbhASya ke uddharaNa se isa bAta kI kucha pratIti nahIM hotI ki gautama pANini se pUrvavartI hai vA uttaravartI / parantu taittirIya prAtizAkhya meM plAkSi kauNDinya aura pauSkarasAdi ke sAtha gautama kA 10 nirdeza hone se vaha pANini se nissandeha prAcIna hai / yaha vahI prAcArya pratIta hAtA hai jisane gautama gRhya, gautama dharmazAstra banAe / vaha zAkhAkAra thaa| gautamaprokta gautamI zikSA isa samaya upalabdha hai| yaha kAzI se prakAzita zikSAsaMgraha meM chapI hai / gautamavaMza kA vistAra-pAlyakItti ne svaprokta vyAkaraNa kI 15 'amoghA' vRtti 1 / 2 / 160 meM eka udAharaNa diyA hai-tripaJcAzad gautamam / isa kA kAzikA 2 / 1 / 16 meM diye gaye 'janmanA-ekavizatibhAradvAjam' ke sAtha tulanA karane se vyakta hotA hai ki gautama kA vaMza 53 gotrAvayavoM meM vibhakta thA / 16-vyADi (29.00 vi0 pU0) AcArya vyADi kA nirdeza pANinIya sUtrapATha meM nahIM miltaa| prAcArya zaunaka ne RkprAtizAkhya meM vyADi ke aneka mata uddhRta kiye haiN| bhASAvRtti 6 / 1 / 77 meM puruSottamadeva ne gAlava ke sAtha 1. prathamapUrvo hakArazcaturtha tasya sasthAnaM plAkSikauNDinyagautamapauSkara- 25 sAdInAm / 5 // 3 // 2. mai0 prA0 5540 // dra0 mai0 saM0 'vaidika svAdhyAya maNDala' dvArA . prakAzita kA prastAva, pRSTha 16 / 3. RkprAti0 3 / 23, 28 // 6 // 43 // 13 // 31,37 //

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144 saMskRtavyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 5 vyADi kA eka mata uddhRta kiyA hai| gAlava zabdAnuzAsana kA kartA hai aura pANini ne aSTAdhyAyI meM usakA cAra sthAnoM para ullekha kiyA hai| mahAbhASya 6 / 2 / 36 meM 'prApizala pANinIyavyADIyagautamIyAH' prayoga milatA haiM / isameM prasiddha vaiyAkaraNa Apizali aura pANini ke antevAsiyoM ke sAtha vyADi ke antevAsiyoM vA nirdeza hai / RkprAtizAkhya 13 / 31 meM zAkalya aura gArya ke sAtha vyADi kA bahudhA ullekha hai| zAkalya' aura gAya donoM kA smaraNa pANini ne apane zabdAnuzAsana meM kiyA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki vyADi ne koI zabdAnuzAsana avazya racA thaa| paricaya aura kAla vyADi kA dUsarA nAma dAkSAyaNa hai| ise vAmana ne kAzikA 6 / / 69 meM dAkSi ke nAma se smaraNa kiyA hai| yaha dAkSiputra pANini kA mAmA hai / kaI vidvAn dAkSAyaNa pada se ise pANini kA mamerA bhAI mAnate haiM, vaha ThIka nahIM / ataH vyADi kA kAla pANini 15 se kucha pUrva arthAt vikrama se lagabhaga 2650 varSa pUrva hai| vyADi ke paricaya aura kAla ke viSaya meM hama 'saMgrahakAra vyADi' nAmaka prakaraNa meM vistAra se likheMge / ataH isa viSaya meM yahAM hama itanA hI saMketa karate haiN| vyAkaraNa 20 jayAditya ne kAzikA 2 / 4 / 21 meM udAharaNa diyA hai-vyADyapajJaM duSkaraNam / nyAsa meM isakA pATha 'vyADya pajJaM dazahaSkaraNam' hai / 1. ikAM yabhirvyavadhAnaM vyADigAlavayoriti vaktavyam / 2. aSTA0 6 / 3 / 61 // 7 // 1174 // 7366 // 8 / 4 / 67 / / 3. vyALizAkalyagAryAH / 4. aSTA0 111116 // 6 / 1 / 127 // 8 // 3 // 16 // 8 / 4 / 51 // 5. aSTA0 7 / 3 / 66 / 8 / 3 / 20 // 46 // 6. kumArIdAkSAH |.....'kumaaryaadilaabhkaamaa ye dAkSAdibhiH proktAni zAstrANyadhIyate tacchiSyatAM vA pratipadyante ta evaM kSipyante / yahAM 'dAkSAdibhiH' 30 pATha azuddha hai, 'dAkSyAdibhiH pATha honA cAhiye /

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pANinIyASTaka meM anullikhita prAcIna prAcArya 145 padamaJjarI 4 / 3 / 115 meM isa udAharaNa kI vyAkhyA milatI hai / ataH pratIta hotA hai ki usake samaya meM kAzikA 4 | 3 | 115 meM bhI yaha udAharaNa avazya vidyamAna thA / kAzikA ke mudrita saMskaraNoM meM 4 | 3 | 115 kA pATha azuddha hai / ' nyAsakAra 2 / 4 / 21 meM isa udAharaNa kI vyAkhyA meM likhatA hai - 16 vyADirapyatra yugapatkAlabhAvinAM vidhInAM madhye dazahuSkaraNAni kRtvA paribhASitavAn pUrvaM pUrvaM kAlamiti / 5 nyAsa kI vyAkhyA meM maitreya rakSita likhatA hai - prathamataraM dazahuSkaraNAni kRtvA kAlamanadyatanAdikaM paribhASitavAn / haradatta padamaJjarI 4 | 3 | 115 meM isakI vyAkhyA isa prakAra 10 karatA hai duS ityayaM saMketazabdo yatra kriyate, yathA pANinIye vRditi, tad duSkaraNaM vyAkaraNaM, kAmazAstramityanye / 15 nyAsakAra, maMtreyarakSita aura haradatta kI vyAkhyAeM aspaSTa haiM / haradatta 'kAmazAstramityanye' likhakara svayaM sandeha prakaTa karatA hai / aba hama agale zradhyAya meM pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI meM smRta daza prAcAryoM kA varNana kareMge / 1. kAzikA kA mudrita pATha isa prakAra hai- 'kAzakRtsnam / gurulAghavam / Apizalam / puSkaraNam / ' 2. paM0 gurupada hAladAra ne likhA hai - sutarAmApiza lisaMbaMdhe jayAdityera 20 mate bujhite have - prApizalistu yugapatkAlabhAvinAM vidhInAM madhye daza huSkarajAni kRtvA kAlamanadyatanAdikaM paribhASitavAn / vyAkaraNa da0 i0 prAkkathana, pRSTha 40 | yaha lekha kAzikA, nyAsa aura padamaJjarI se viparIta hone se cintya hai /

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cauthA adhyAya pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI meM smRta AcArya (4000-3000 vi0 pU0) pANini ne apane aSTAdhyAyI meM daza prAcIna vyAkaraNapravaktA 5 prAcAryoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| unake paurvAparya kA yathArtha nizcaya na hone se hama unakA varNana varNAnukrama se kreNge| Apizali (3000 vi0 pU0) Apizali AcArya kA ullekha pANinoya aSTAdhyAyI ke eka sUtra meM upalabdha hotA hai|' mahAbhASya 4 / 2 / 45 meM prApizali kA mata 10 pramANarUpa meM uddhRta kiyA hai|' vAmana, nyAsakAra jinendrabuddhi, kaiyaTa tathA matrayarakSita Adi prAcIna granthakAroM ne prApizala vyAkaraNa ke aneka sUtra uddhRta kiye haiM / ' pANini ne svIya zikSA ke antima prakaraNa meM bhI Apizali kA ullekha kiyA hai|' paricaya 15 vaMza-Apizali zabda taddhitapratyayAnta hai| kAzikA 6 / 2 / 36 meM prApizali pada kI vyutpatti isa prakAra darzAI hai apizalasyApatyamApilirAcAryaH / prata in| pAlyakIti ne rUDhAdigaNa 1 / 3 / 4 meM apizala zabda se ina Apizali mAnakara, strIliGga meM prApizalyA kA nirdeza kiyA hai / gaNaratnamahodadhikAra vardhamAna likhatA hai prApizali-piMzatItyauNAdikakalapratyaye pizalaH, na pizalo'pizalaH kulapradhAnamaH tasyApatyam / 1. vA supyApizaleH / aSTA0 6 / 1192 // 2. evaM ca kRtvA'pizalerAcAryasya vidhirupapanno bhavati-dhenuranajikamura tpAdayati / 3. kAzikA 7 / 3 / 86 / / nyAsa 4 / 2 / 45 // kayaTa, mahAbhASyapradIpa 5 // 1 // 21 // tantrapradIpa 73 // 86 // 4. pA0 zikSA vRddhapATha pra0 8 sUtra 25 / 5, gaNaralamahodadhi, pRSTha 37 / 20

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pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI meM smRta prAcArya 147 ina vyutpattiyoM ke anusAra vAmana, pAlyakIrti aura vardhamAna tInoM ke mata meM prApizali ke pitA kA nAma 'apizala' thaa| ujjvaladatta uNAdi 4 / 127 kI vRtti meM prApizali pada kI vyutpati isa prakAra darzAtA hai___ zArihiMsra, kapitakAditvAllatvam / duHsaho'pizaliH / bAhvAdi- 5 tvAdiJ-prApizaliH / ' isa vyutpatti ke anusAra prApizali ke pitA kA nAma 'apizali' honA cAhiye, parantu bAhvAdigaNa' meM 'apizali' pada kA pATha na hone se ujjvaladatta kI vyutpatti cintya haiN| apizala zabda kA artha-pizala kA artha hai kSudra, ataH apizala kA 10 artha hogA mahAn / vardhamAna ne apizala kA artha 'kula-pradhAna' kiyA hai| tadanusAra isakI vyutpatti piza avayave-kala(proNAdika)pratyayaH, pizyata iti pizalaH kSudraH na pizalo'pizala' hogI / vAcaspatyakoza meM 'apizalate iti apizalaH, ac, vyutpatti likhI hai / nAmAntara-Apizali ke lie prApizala nAma kA vyavahAra parokSa 15 rUpa meM upalabdha hotA hai / yathA 1. zikSA prApizalIyAdikA ! kAvyamImAMsA, pRSTha 3 / 2. tathetyApizalIyazikSAdarzanam / vAkyapadIya vRSabhadeva TIkA, bhAga 1, pRSTha 105 / . ina prayogoM meM prastuta prApizalIya pada aNanta prApizala zabda se 20 hI cha (=Iya) pratyaya hokara sambhava ho sakatA hai / ianta prApizali se ijazca (4 / 2 / 112) ke niyama se prApizala zabda niSpanna hotA hai / apizala ke aN aura ina donoM sAmAnya apatyArthaka pratyaya . * hokara prApizala aura prApizali prayoga upapanna hote haiN| svasA kA nAma-prApizali pada krauDyAdigaNa meM par3hA hai| tada- 25 1. tulanA karo--apizalimu nivizeSaH, tasyApatyamApizali:, bAhvAditvAdin / uNAdikoSa 4 / 126 // 2. aSTA0 41166 // 3. dekho pUrva pRSTha 146 / 4. vizeSa draSTavya kAzakRtsna prakaraNa pUrva pRSTha 116-117 // 5. aTA0 4 / 1 / 80 //

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148 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa nusAra prApizali kI kisI svasA kA nAma 'pApizalyA' hogaa| abhinava zAkaTAyana 1 / 3 / 4 kI cintAmaNi TIkA meM bhI 'prApizalyA'. kA nirdeza milatA hai| isI prakAra anya vyAkaraNoM meM bhI isa prakaraNa meM prApizalyA smRta haiN| gotra-pUrva pRSTha 116 para baudhAyana pravarAdhyAya kA jo vacana uddhRta kiyA hai tadanusAra Apizali bhRguvaMza kA hai / prApili zAlA-prApizali pada chAtryAdi gaNa' meM par3hA hai / tadanusAra zAlA uttarapada hone para 'ApizalizAlA meM prApizali pada ko AdhudAtta hotA hai| isase vyakta hotA hai ki pANini ke samaya 10 meM Apizali kI zAlA deza-dezAntara meM atyanta prasiddha thii| zAlA zabda kA artha-yadyapi zAlA zabda kA mukhyArtha gaha hai, tathApi 'padeSu padekadezAH prayujyante nyAya ke anusAra yahAM 'zAlA' zabda pAThazAlA ke liye prayukta huA hai| mahArASTra, gujarAta, paJjAba Adi aneka prAntoM meM pAThazAlA ke liye kevala zAlA zabda kA 15 vyavahAra hotA hai| purANa paJcalakSaNa meM remakazAlA kA varNana hai, isa meM paippalAda Adi ne vidyAdhyayana kiyA thA / muNDaka upaniSad meM gRhapati zaunaka ke lie mahAzAla zabda kA vyavahAra upalabdha hotA haiM / vahAM zAlA kA artha nizcita hI pAThazAlA hai / ataH prApizali zAlA kA artha nizcita hI prApizali kA vidyAlaya hai| 20 deza-Apizali prAcArya kisa deza kA thA yaha kisI pramANa se nahIM jAnA jAtA hai / tathApi uttaradezIya pANini vAlmIki ke sAtha Apizali kA nirdeza hone se yaha uttara bhAratIya hai, itanA nizcita 1. gaNapATha 6 // 2 // 86 // 2. chAtryAdaya: zAlAyAm (aSTA0 6 / 2 / 86) sUtra se| 3. tulanA karo--padeSu padaikadezAn-devadatto dattaH satyabhAmA bhAmeti / mahAbhASya 111 // 4 // 4. aneka vyAkhyAtAnoM ne 'mahAzAla' kA artha 'bar3A ghara vAlA' kiyA hai| vaha cintya hai| zaunaka gRhapati hai| gRhapati vaha prAcArya kahAtA hai| jo daza sahasra chAtroM ke bhojana chAdana evaM adhyApana kI vyavasthA kre| ataH usa 30 ke liye prayukta 'mahAzAla' kA artha Adhunika prayogAnusAra 'vizva-vidyAlaya' ke atirikta aura kucha ho hI nahIM sktaa|

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pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI meM smRta prAcArya 146 hai / uttara bhArata meM vArANasI paryanta va-ba kA bheda spaSTa rahatA hai| usase prAgdezoM meM sAMkarya bar3hate-bar3hate 'va' 'ba' rUpa meM pariNata ho jAtA hai| Age pRSTha 154 para uddhata va-ba ke bodhaka saM0 4 ke pramANa se saMbhAvanA ho sakatI hai ki Apizali prAgdezIya rahA ho| kAla pANinIya aSTaka meM Apizali kA sAkSAt ullekha hone se itanA nizcita hai ki yaha pANini se prAcIna hai| padamaJjarIkAra haradatta ke lekha se pratIta hotA hai ki prApizali pANini se kucha hI varSa prAcIna hai / vaha likhatA hai___ kathaM punaridamAcAryaNa pAnininA'vagatamete sAdhava iti ? Api- 10 zalena pUrvavyAkaraNena, prApilinA tahi kenAvagatam ? tataH pUrvaNa vyAkaraNena // pANinirapi svakAle zabdAn pratyakSayannApizalAdinA pUrvasminnapi kAle sattAmanusandhatte, evamApiliH // pANini vikrama se lagabhaga 3100 sau varSa prAcIna hai, yaha hama 15 pANini ke prakaraNa meM sapramANa siddha kreNge| baudhAyana zrauta ke pravarAdhyAya meM bhRgavaMza meM Apizali gotra kA ullekha milatA hai / matsya purANa 194 / 41 meM bhI bhRguvaMzya prApizali kA nirdeza upalabdha hotA hai| paM0 gurupada hAladAra ne Apizali ko yAjJavalkya kA zvasura likhA hai, parantu koI pramANa nahIM diyaa| 20 yAjJavalkya ne zatapatha kA pravacana vikrama se lagabhaga 3100 varSa pUrva kiyA thA, yaha hama pUrva likha cake haiN| prApizalI zikSA meM sAtyamugrI aura rANAyanIya zAkhA ke adhyetAoM kA ullekha hai / 1. padamaJjarI (athazabdAnuzAsanam ) bhAga 1, pRSTha 6 / 2. padamaJjarI (athazabdAnuzAsanam ) bhAga 1, pRSTha 6 / 25 3. bhagaNAmevAdito vyAkhyAsyAmaH........ paiGgalAyanA:. vahInarayaH... "kAzakRtsnA:....."pANinirvAlmIkiH ...."prApizalayaH / 4. vyAkaraNa darzanera itihAsa, pRSTha 516 / 5. chandogAnAM sAtyamunirANAyanIyA hrasvAni paThanti / 6 / 6 // tulanA karo-chandogAnAM sAtyamunirANAyanIyA ardhamekAramarSamokAraM cAdhIyate / mahA- 30 bhASya, eproG suutr|

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/ saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ina pramANoM se spaSTa hai ki prApili kA kAla vikrama se nyUnAtinyUna 3000 varSa pUrva avazya hai| Apizala vyAkaraNa kA parimANa jaina AcArya pAlyakoti apane zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa kI amoghA vRtti 2 / 4 / 182 meM udAharaNa detA hai-aSTakA prApizalapANinIyAH / yaha udAharaNa zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa kI yakSavarmakRta cintAmaNivRtti 2141182 meM bhI upalabdha hotA hai| isase vidita hotA hai ki Apizala vyAkaraNa meM ATha adhyAya the / prApizali viracita zikSA grantha meM bhI pATha hI prakaraNa haiN| Apizala vyAkaraNa kI vizeSatA ___ kAzikA 4 / 3 / 115 meM udAharaNa hai-kAzakRtsnaM gurulAghavam, prApizalaM puSkaraNam / sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa 4 / 3 / 246 kI hRdayahAriNI TIkA meM 'kAzakRtsnaM gurulAghavam, prApizalamAntaHkaraNam" pATha hai / vAmana ne 6 / 2 / 14 kI vRtti meM 'prApizalyupazaM gurulAghavam' 15 udAharaNa diyA hai / ina meM kauna sA pATha zuddha hai yaha abhI vicAra NIya hai / ataH sandigdha avasthA meM nahIM kaha sakate ki Apizala vyAkaraNa kI apanI kyA vizeSatA thii| __ Apizala vyAkaraNa kA pracAra mahAbhASya 4 / 1 / 14 se vidita hotA hai ki kAtyAyana aura 1. pataJjali ke kAla meM prApizala vyAkaraNa kA mahAn pracAra thA / usa kAla meM kanyAeM bhI Apizala vyAkaraNa kA adhyayana karatI thIM / ' Apizala vyAkaraNa kA svarUpa pANinIya vyAkaraNa se prAcIna vyAkaraNoM meM kevala apizala vyAkaraNa hI aisA hai jisake saba se adhika sUtra upalabdha hote haiM aura 1. nirukta 1 / 13 ke 'ete: kAritaM ca yakArAdi cAntakaraNamaste: zuddhaM ca sakArAdi ca' pATha meM 'antakaraNa' pada prayukta hai| skandasvAmI ne 'antakaraNa kA artha 'pratyaya' kiyA hai / kyA sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa ko TIkA kA pATha antakaraNa ho sakatA hai| 2. ApizalamadhIte brAhmaNI prApizalA brAhmaNI / 3. yaha sthiti isa grantha ke prathama saMskaraNa taka thii| usa ke pazcAta 30 kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha kI cannavIra kavi kRta kannaDa TIkA prakAza meM AI / usa meM kAzakRtsna vyAkaraNa ke 135 sUtra upalabdha ho ge| dra0-pRSTha 116 /

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pANinoya aSTAdhyAyI meM smRta prAcArya 151 anya pAThoM kA paricaya bhI milatA hai / ina ke AdhAra para kahA jA sakatA hai ki yaha vyAkaraNa pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke sadRza sarvAGgapUrNa suvyavasthita tathA usase kucha vistRta thA, aura isa meM laukika vaidika ubhayavidha zabdoM kA anvAkhyAna thA / Apizala vyAkaraNa ke upalabdha sUtra zatazaH vyAkaraNa granthoM ke pArAyaNa se hameM Apizala vyAkaraNa ke nimna sUtra upalabdha hue haiM 1. ubhayasyobhayo'dvivacanaTApoH / 2. vibhaktyantaM padam / 3. manyakarmaNyanAdare upamAne vibhASA praannissu|' 4. cirasAyayormazca pragaprAyorecca / 5. dhenorajaH / 1. ApizalistvenamarthaM sUtrayatyeva--'ubhasyobhayo'dvivacanaTApoH' iti / tantrapradIpa 2 // 3 // 8 // bhAratakaumudI bhAga 2, pRSTha 865 meM pro0 kAlIcaraNa zAstrI hubalI ke lekha meM uddhRta / tulanA karo- 'kecit punarevaM paThanti- 15 ubhasyobhayoradvivacane / ' bhartRhari mahAbhASya-dIpikA, hastalekha, pRSTha 270 / pUnA mudrita, pRSTha 205 / 2. kalApacandra (sandhi 20) meM suSeNa vidyAbhUSaNa ne likhA hai- 'arthaH padam' pAhurendrAH, vibhaktyantaM padam' AhurApizalIyAH, suptiGantam padam' pANinIyA: (dekho pUrva pRSTha 14) / haima liGgAnuzAsana vivaraNa, pRSTha 158 20 para nirdiSTa / tulanA karo-te vibhaktyantAH padam / nyAyasUtra 2 / 2 / 57 / vibhaktyantaM padaM jJeyam / bharata nATyazAstra 14 // 36 // 3. pradIpa 2 / 3 / 17 // padamaJjarI 2 / 3 / 17, bhAga 1, pRSTha 427 / / zabdakaustubha 2 / 3 / 17 / / 'vibhASA prANiSa' ityApizalIyaM sUtram / harinAmAmRta vyAkaraNa kAraka 34 / prApizalivAkyena upamAnavAcakAt tato'pi tiraskAre 25 'caturthItyucyate' pradIpodyote nAgezaH (2 / 3 / 17) / 4. ityApizalIyaM sUtram / supadmamakaranda 5 / 3 / 51,52 // 5. nyAsa 4 / 2 / 45, bhAga 1 pRSTha 643 / dhAtuvRtti dheT dhAtu, pRSTha 167 / dhAtuvRtti kA mudrita pATha azuddha hai / padamaJjarI 4 / 2 / 45 meM 'dhenuranajikamutpAdayati ityApizalisUtram' bhASyapaGkti ko hI sUtra banA diyA hai| 30 vyAkaraNa darzanera itihAsa pRSTha 521 meM bhI yahI bhASyapaGkti prApizali ke nAma se uddhRta hai|

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saskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 6. zatAcca ThanyatAvagranthe / ' 7. zabvikaraNe gunnH| 8. karotezca / 6. mideshc| 10. turustuzamyamaH sArvadhAtukApu cchandasi / ' 11. amaGaNanam (?) (ka) 'tadaham' sUtra kA abhAva kAzakRtsna vyAkaraNa ke prakaraNa meM vAkyapadIya tathA usake TIkAkAra helArAja kA jo vacana uddhRta kiyA hai usase vidita hotA 1. mahAbhASya-pradIpa // 1 // 21 // yahAM kaiyaTa ne jitanA aMza aSTAdhyAyI se bhinna thA, utane hI kA nirdeza kiyA hai| paM0 gurupada hAladAra ne vyAkaraNa darzanera itihAsa ke prAkkathana pRSTha 32 para prApizala aura kAzakRtsna ke mata se yAjJavalkya smRti (2 / 202) kA 'zatakaM zatam' prayoga uddhRta kiyA hai / vaha hameM nahIM milaa| 2. dhAtuvRtti pRSTha 356, 357 / prApizalistU 'zabvikaraNe guNaH' ityabhidhAya 'karote: midezca' ityuktavAna / 15 tantrapradIpa 73 // 86 // bhAratakaumudI bhAga 2, pRSTha 865 meM uddhRta / tulanA karo--ani ca vikaraNe, karoteH, mide. / kAtantra 373-5 / 3. dhAtuvRtti pRSTha 356, 357 / tantrapradIpa 7 / 3 / 86, pUrvoddhRta uddharaNa / kAtantra 37 / 4 puurvoddhrnn| 4. dhAtuvRtti pRSTha 356, 357 / tantrapradIpa 7 / 3 / 86, pUrvoddharaNa / kAtantra 3 / 7 / 5 pUrvoddharaNa / 5. TAbantaM saMjJAtvena viniyuktam / padamaJjarI bhAga 2, pRSTha 838 / 20 tulanA karo-'athavA ArdhadhAtukAsu iti vakSyAmi / kAsu ArdhadhAtukAsu ? uktiSa yuktiSu, rUDhiSa, pratItiSu, zratiSu, saMjJAsu / ' mahAbhASya 24135 // 6. kAzikA 7 / 3 / 65 // dhAtuvRtti pRSTha 241 / chAndaso'yamityApizaliH / ghAtupradIpa pRSTha 80 / 6. paJcapAdI uNAdi prApizali-prokta hai yaha hama dvitIya bhAga meM uNAdi ke prakaraNa meM likheNge| dra0-uNAdi ke 'namantADDaH, (11107) sUtra meM am 25 pratyAhAra / prApizala-zikSA ke 'amaGaNanAH svasthAnA nAsikAsthAnAzca' (1 / 19) sUtra meM amaGaNana AnupUrvI vizeSa kA sabandha Apizala vyAkaraNa ke pratyAhAra sUtra se pratIta hotA hai / pANinIyazikSA ke 'aNanamAH svasthAnanAsikAsthAnAH' (vRddhapATha 1221; laghupATha 1 / 20) sUtra meM varNAnukrama se pATha hai| 8. aSTA0 // 1117 // 6. dekho pUrva pRSTha 123 /

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20 pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI meM smRta prAcArya 153 hai ki kAzakRtsna vyAkaraNa ke sadRza Apizala vyAkaraNa meM bhI 'tadarham' sUtra nahIM thA / (kha) 'nAjjhalau ' sUtra kA abhAva pANini kA nAjjhalau ( 1 | 1|10) sUtra prApizala vyAkaraNa meM nahIM thA, kyoMki usakI zikSA meM - ISadvivRtakaraNA USmANa: / 3 / 6 / / vivRtakaraNAH svarAH / 3 / 7 // sUtroM dvArA iRR ke ha za Sa USmoM ke prayatna bhinna-bhinna mAne haiM / ataH prayatnaikya ke abhAva meM na savarNa saMjJA prApta hotI hai, na pratiSedha kI hI AvazyakatA hai / pANinIya zikSA meM vivRkaraNA vA 10 sUtra dvArA pakSAntara meM USmoM kA bhI vivRtakaraNa prayatna svIkAra karane se pakSa meM savarNa saMjJA prApta hotI hai / ataH pANini ke mata meM usa kA nAjjhalau sUtra dvArA pratiSedha Avazyaka hai / isase spaSTa hai ki pizala vyAkaraNa meM ukta sUtra nahIM thA / Apizali ke prakIrNa uddharaNa pUrvoddhRta sUtroM ke atirikta prApizali ke nAma se aneka vacana prAcIna granthoM meM upalabdha hote haiN| yathA * 1 - anantadeva bhASikasUtra kI vyAkhyA meM likhatA hai - yathApizalinoktam - RvarNaluvarNayordIrghA [na] bhavantIti / ' 15 2 - kavirAja ne Apizali kA nimna mata uddhRta kiyA hai 20 ekavarNakArya vikAra:, anekavarNakAryamA deza ityApizalIyaM matam / ' 3 - kAtantravRtti kI durgaviracita TIkA meM prAvizali kA nimna zloka uddhRta hai - 1. kAzI ke chape hue yajuH prAtizAkhya ke anta meM, pRSTha 466 / zatapatha sAyaNabhASya bhAga 1, pRSTha 318 para koSTha meM nirdiSTa 'na' pada mUla meM chapA hai / 25 2. kAtantraTIkA 2|3|33|| yaha zloka trilocanadAsa ne kAtantra vRttipaJjikA 2|1|16 meM bhI isI rUpa meM uddhRta kiyA hai / dra0 'saMskRta prAkRta vyAkaraNa aura koza paramparA, pRSTha 114 / tulanA karo - ' vikAro nAma varNAsmaka AdezaH / zabdakaustubha, pRSTha 344 //

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154 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa tathA cApizalIyaH zloka: prAgamo'nupaghAtena vikArazcopamardanAt / Adezastu prasaMgena lopaH sarvApakarSaNAt / / ' 4-bhASAvRtti ke vyAkhyAtA sRSTidhara ne Apizali kA nimna ... 5 Der3ha zloka uddhRta kiyA hai tathA cApizali: dantyoSThayatvAd vakArasya vahavyadhavRdhAM na bhae / uThau bhavato yatra yo vaH pratyayasandhijaH // antasthaM taM vijAnIyAccheSo vargIya ucyte|' 5-jagadIza tarkAlaGkAra ne apanI zabdazaktiprakAzikA meM Apizali kA nimna mata uddhRta kiyA hai-- sadRzastvaM tRNAdInAM manyakarmaNyanuktake / dvitIyAvaccaturthyApi bodhyate bAdhita yadi // ityApizalermatam / / 15 6.7-uNAdisUtra kA vRttikAra ujjvaladatta prApizali ke nimna do vacana uddhRta karatA hai prApizalistu-nyako cbhAvaM zAsti nyAGkavaM carma / ' svadhA pitRtRptirityApiliH / 8-bhAnujI dIkSita ne apanI amarakoSaTIkA meM Apizali kA 20 nimna vacana uddhRta kiyA hai zazvadabhIkSNaM nityaM sadA satatamajasramiti sAtatye ityavyayaprakaraNe praapishliH| 1. kAtantravRtti pRSTha 476 / 2. bhASAvRtti kI bhUmikA pRSTha 17 / 3. pRSTha 375, kAzI saM0 / 4. uNAdivRtti pRSTha 11 / tulanA karo-nyakostu pUrve akRtajAgamasyAbhyudayAGgatAM smaranti / yathAhuH- nyoH pratiSedhAnyAGkavam iti / vAkyapadIya vRSabhadevaTIkA bhAga 1, pRSTha 55 // vizeSa dekho, pUrva pRSTha 30 / 5. uNAdivRtti pRSTha 191 / 6. amaraTIkA 1 / 1 / 66 pRSTha 27 /

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pANinIya aSTAdhyAyo meM smRta AcAya 155 6-kAtantravRtti kI durgaTIkA meM prApizali kA nimna zloka uddhRta hai prApizalIyaM mataM tupAdastvarthasamAptirvA jJeyo vRttasya vA punaH / mAtrikasya caturbhAgaH pAda ityabhidhIyate // ' 10-trilocanadAsa kAtantravRtti 1 / 1 / 8 kI paJjikA meM prApizali kA nimna zloka uddhRta karatA haitathA cApizalIyAH paThantisAmIpye'tha vyavasthAyAM prakAre'vayave tthaa| caturvartheSu medhAvI prAdizabdaM tu lakSayet // ' inameM prathama uddharaNa kA saMbandha prApizala-zikSA ke sAtha hai| SaSTha uddharaNa nizcaya hI Apizala vyAkaraNa kA hai / dvitIya, tRtIya, caturtha aura paJcama uddharaNoM kA sambandha yadyapi Apizala vyAkaraNa se hai tathApi inake mUla prApizala sUtra nahIM haiM / sambhava hai usakI kisI vatti se ye vacana uddhRta kiye hoM / saptama, aSTama, navama aura 15 dazama uddharaNa usake kisI koza se liye gae hoNge| __caturtha uddharaNa kI viziSTatA -isa uddharaNa meM dantyoSThya vakAra kA parigaNana karAyA hai| va-ba ke uccAraNa doSa se saMdeha utpanna honA svAbhAvika hai, usakI nivRtti ke liye ukta vacana par3hA gayA hai| atharva-pariziSToM meM bhI eka dantyoSThyavidhi nAma kA grantha hai| isa 20 kA bhI yahI prayojana hai / isa prakAra ke prAcIna prayAsoM se jJAna hotA hai ki va-ba sambandhI uccAraNa doSa atipurAtana haiM / ___ . Apizala aura pANinIya vyAkaraNa kI samAnatA prApizali ke jo sUtra Upara uddhRta kiye haiM, una se yaha spaSTa hai ki Apizala aura pANinIya vyAkaraNa donoM paraspara meM bahuta samAna 25 1. kAtantra pRSTha 461 / kAtantra paribhASA vRtti dra0--paribhASasaMgraha '(pUnA) pRSTha 64 / 2. tulanA karo--'vAgdigbhUrazmivatresu pazvakSisvargavAriSi / navasvarthesu medhAvI gozaNAmavadhArayet // ' dazapAdI uNAdivRtti 2011 meM uddhRta / isI prakAra ke zloka dazapAdI uNAdivRtti 1 / 47; 5 / 26; 5 / 30 meM bhI uddhRta haiN| 30

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa haiM / yaha samAnatA na kevala sUtraracanA meM hai, apitu aneka saMjJA, pratyaya aura pratyAhAra bhI paraspara sadRza haiN| ___ saMjJAeM-uparinirdiSTa sUtroM meM dvivacana, vibhASA, guNa aura sArvadhAtukA, saMjJAoM kA ullekha hai| pANinIya vyAkaraNa meM bhI ye hI saMjJAeM haiM / kevala sArvadhAtukA TAbanta ke sthAna meM pANini ne sArvadhAtuka akArAnta saMjJA par3hI hai| pratyaya-pUrva uddhRta sUtroM meM TApa. Thana aura zap pratyaya par3he haiN| ye hI pratyaya pANinIya vyAkaraNa meM bhI haiM / pratyAhAra-sRSTidhara ne uparinirdiSTa Apizali kA jo Der3ha 10 zloka uddhRta kiyA hai| usake 'vahavyavadhAM na bhaSa' caraNa meM bhaSa pratyAhAra kA nirdeza milatA hai / pANini ne bhI yahI pratyAhAra banAyA hai| ina ke atirikta prApizali ke dhAtupATha aura gaNapATha ke jo uddharaNa upalabdha hue haiM ve bhI pANinoya dhAtupATha aura gaNapATha se 15 bahata samAnatA rakhate haiN| prApizali ke vyAkaraNa meM bhI pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke sadRza pATha hI adhyAya the, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiN|' itanA hI nahIM, prApizalazikSA aura pANinIyazikSA ke sUtra paraspara bahata sadRza haiM, donoM kA prakaraNaviccheda bhI sarvathA samAna hai| isa atyanta sAdRzya se pratIta hotA hai ki pANinIya vyAkaraNa kA pradhAna 20 upajIvya Apizala vyAkaraNa hai| padamaJjarIkAra haradatta to isa bAta ko muktakaNTha se svIkAra karatA hai / vaha likhatA hai___ kathaM punaridamAcAryeNa pANininAvagatamete sAdhava iti ? prApizalena pUrvavyAkaraNena / pANinirapi svakAle zabdAn pratyakSayannApizalAvinA pUrvasmi25 nnapi kAle sattAmanusandhatte, evmaapilirpi|' anya grantha 1. dhAtupATha-isake uddharaNa mahAbhASya, kAzikA, nyAsa aura 1. dekho pUrva pRSTha 150 / 2. padamaJjarI (atha zabdAnuzAsanam ) bhAga 1, pRSTha 6 / 30 3. padamaJjarI (atha zabdAnuzAsanam ) bhAga 1, pRSTha 7 /

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pANinoya aSTAdhyAyo meM smRta prAcArya 157 padamaJjarI Adi kaI granthoM meM milate haiM / isakA vizeSa varNana dhAtupATha ke prakaraNa meM kiyA hai|' 2. gaNapATha-isakA ullekha bhartRhari ne mahAbhASyadIpikA meM kiyA hai| isakA vizeSa varNana gaNapATha ke prakaraNa meM dekheM / ' 3. uNAdisUtra--hamArA vicAra hai ki paJcapAdo uNAdisUtra 5 Apizali viracita haiN| isa viSaya para uNAdiprakaraNa meM vistAra se likhA hai| 4. zikSA--ApizalazikSA kA ullekha pANinIya zikSA meM sAkSAt milatA hai| taittirIya prAtizAkhya kI vaidikAbharaNa TIkA meM Apizali kA eka sUtra uddhRta hai|' rAjazekharapraNIta kAvyamImAMsA 10 aura vRSabhadevaviracita vAkyapadIya kI TIkA meM bhI isakA nirdeza hai| isake aSTama prakaraNa ke 23 sUtroM kA eka lambA uddharaNa hemacandra ne apane haima zabdAnuzAsana kI svopajJa bRhadvRtti meM diyA hai| isa zikSA ke do hastalekha aDiyAra (madrAsa) ke pustakAlaya meM 1. dra0-bhAga 2, adhyAya 20, Apizala dhAtupATha / / 2. iha tyAdAdInyApizalaiH kimAdInyasmatparyanyAni pUrvAparAghareti .... / pRSTha 287, hamArA hastalekha / tulanA karo --- 'tyadAdIni paThitvA gaNe kaizcitapUrvAdIni paThitAni' / kayaTa, bhASyapradIpa 111 / 33 / / 3. dra0-bhAga 2, adhyAya 23 / 4. dra0-bhAga 2, adhyAya 24, 'prApizala uNAdipATha' / 5. sa evamApizale: paJcadazabhedAkhyA varNadharmA bhavanti / pANinIyazikSA vRddha-pATha (hamArA saMskaraNa)sUtra 8 / 25 / svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI dvArA upalabdha koza meM 8 vAM prakaraNa lagabhaga sArA hI truTita thA / 6. 'zeSAH sthAnakaraNAH' ityapizalizikSAvacanAta / te0 prA0 2 / 46, . pRSTha 60 / 7. zikSA praapishliiyaadikaa| kAvyamImAMsA pRSTha 3 / 25 8. tathetyApizalIyazikSAdarzanam / vAkyapadIya vaSabhadeva TIkA bhAga 1, pRSTha 105 (lAhaura saM0) vRSabhadeva jise prApizali sUtra kahatA hai vaha mudrita grantha meM kucha bheda se milatA hai / sambhava hai bhartRhari ne usakA arthataH anuvAda kiyA ho| 6. tathA cApizaliH zikSAmadhIte-'nAbhipradezAt..... bAhyaH pratyatna 30 iti' pRSTha 6, 101 20

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158 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa haiM / yaha meharacanda lakSmaNadAsa bhUtapUrva lAhaura dvArA prakAzita vaidika * sTaDIz2a patrikA meM chapa cukI hai| isakA sampAdana DAkTara raghuvIrajI ema0e0 ne kiyA hai / pANinIya aura cAndra zikSA ke sAtha isa zikSA meM pANinIya zikSA ke samAna hI ATha prakaraNa haiN| maiMne bhI prApizala-zikSA kA eka sundara saMskaraNa prakAzita kiyA hai| usa meM ApizalazikSA ke sUtra jina-jina granthoM meM uddhRta haiN| unakA nirdeza nIce TippaNI meM kara diyA hai| 5. koza-yaha aprApya hai| bhAnujI dIkSita ke uparinirdiSTa AThaveM uddharaNa se spaSTa hai ki Apizali ne koI koza bhI racA thA / saMkhyA 7 aura 6 kA uddharaNa bhI koza se hI liyA gayA hai / 6. akSaratantra-isa grantha meM sAmagAna sambandhI stobhoM kA varNana hai| isakA prakAzana paM0 satyavrata sAmazramI ne kalakattA se kiyA thaa|' 7. sAma-prAtizAkhya-dhAtuvRtti (maisUra saMskaraNa) ke sampAdaka mahAdeva zAstrI ne sAmaprAtizAkhya ko prApizali-viracita mAnA hai|' 15 para yaha cintya hai / dra0-saM0 vyA0 zAstra kA itihAsa, bhAga 2, adhyAya 28, sAmaprAtizAkhya prakaraNa / 2-kAzyapa (3000 vi0 pUrva) pANini ne aSTAdhyAyI meM kAzyapa kA mata do sthAnoMpara uddhRta 20 kiyA hai| vAjasaneya prAtizAkhya 4.5 meM zAkaTAyana ke sAtha kAzyapa kA ullekha milatA hai / ataH aSTAdhyAyI aura prAtizAkhya meM ullikhita kAzyapa eka vyakti hai, isa meM koI sandeha nahIM / paricaya kAzyapa zabda gotrapratyayAnta hai / tadanusAra isa ke mUla puruSa kA 25 nAma kazyapa hai| 1. dra0-60 vyA0 zAstra kA itihAsa, adhyAya 28 / 2. dhAtuvRtti kI bhUmikA pRSTha 3 / 3. tRSimRSikRSaH kAzyapasya / aSTA0 112 / 25 / / nodAttasvaritodayamagArya kAzyapagAlavAnAm / aSTA0 8 / 4 / 67 // 4. lopaM kAzyapazAkaTAyanI /

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pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI meM smRta prAcAya kAla pANinIya zabdAnuzAsana meM kAzyapa kA ullekha hone se itanA spaSTa hai ki yaha usase pUrvavartI hai / vArtikakAra kAtyAyana ke matAnusAra aSTAdhyAyI 4 | 3 | 103 meM kAzyapa kalpa kA nirdeza hai / " pANini ne vyAkaraNa aura kalpapravaktA kA nirdeza karate hue kisI 5 vizeSaNa kA prayoga nahIM kiyA, isa se pratIta hotA ki vaiyAkaraNa kalpakAra donoM eka haiN| yadi yaha ThIka ho to kAzyapa kA kAla bhArata yuddha ke lagabhaga mAnanA hogA, kyoMki prAyaH zAkhApravaktA RSiyoM ne hI kalpasUtroM kA pravacana kiyA thA, yaha hama vAtsyAyanabhASya ke pramANa se pUrva likha Aye haiM / 3 156 kAzyapa vyAkaraNa 1 kAzyapa vyAkaraNa kA koI sUtra upalabdha nahIM huA / isa ke mata kA ullekha bhI kevala tIna sthAnoM para upalabdha hotA hai / zukla yaju:prAtizAkhya ke anta meM nipAtoM ko kAzyapa kahA hai / hama isa ke vyAkaraNa ke viSaya meM isa se adhika kucha nahIM jAnate / 15 1. kAzyapakauzikAmyAmRSibhyAM NiniH / 2. kAzyapakauzikagrahaNaM ca kalpe niyamArtham / mahAbhASya 4 |2|66 // | 1 hama isI prakaraNa meM zrAge (pRSTha 161 ) likheMge ki nyAyavArttikakAra udyotakara kaNAdasUtroM ko kAzyapIya sUtra ke nAma se uddhRta karatA hai / mahAmuni kaNAda kA sambandha mAhezvara - sampradAya ke sAtha hai, yaha prazastapAda-bhASya ke antya zloka se vidita hotA hai / " yadi kaNAda aura vyAkaraNa pravaktA kAzyapa kI ekatA kathaMcit pramANA- 20 tara se paripuSTa ho jAye to mAnanA hogA ki kAzyapa vyAkaraNa kA sambandha vaiyAkaraNoM ke mAhezvara sampradAya ke sAtha hai / 10 3. pUrva pRSTha 21 - 24 / 4. nipAtaH kAzyapaH smRtaH pra0 8 sUtra 51 ke zrAge / madrAsa saMskaraNa ke * saMskartA ne TIkAgrantha ke antargata chApA hai / 5. yogAcAravibhUtyA yastoSayitvA mahezram / cakre vaizeSikaM zAstraM tasmai kaNabhuje namaH // 25

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160 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa anya grantha 1-kalpa- vAttikakAra kAtyAyana ke matAnusAra aSTAdhyAyI 4 / 3 / 103 meM kisI kAzyapa kalpa kA ullekha hai|' 2. chandaHzAstra-prAcArya piGgala ne apane chandaHzAstra 7 / 6 meM kAzyapa kA eka mata uddhRta kiyA hai| isa se vidita hotA hai ki kAzyapa ne kisI chandaHzAstra kA pravacana kiyA thA / phalamaNDI (bhaTiNDA-paMjAba) ke vaidya zrI amaranAthajI ne 19 / 5 / 62 ke patra meM likhA hai ki kAzyapa kA chandaHsUtra una ke mitra saradAra nandasiMhajI ke pAsa hai / bahata prayatna karane para bhI unhoMne dikhAnA svIkAra nahIM 10 kiyaa| vidyA ke kSetra meM aisI saMkucita vRtti granthoM ke nAza meM pramukha kAraNa hotI hai| 3. Ayurveda saMhitA-saMvat 1965 meM Ayurveda kI kAzyapa saMhitA prakAzita huI hai / isa naSTaprAya: kaumArabhRtya-tantra ke uddhAra kA zreya nepAla ke rAjaguru paM0 hemarAja zarmA ko hai / unhoMne mahAparizrama karake eka mAtra truTita tADapatralikhita grantha ke AdhAra para isa kA sampAdana kiyA hai| grantha kI antaraGga parIkSA se pratIta hotA hai ki yaha caraka suzruta ke samAna prAcIna ArSa grantha hai / 4. zilpa zAstra-kazyapa prokta zilpa zAstra AnandAzrama pUnA se san 1926 meM prakAzita ho cukA hai / 5. alaMkAra zAstra-kAzyapa ke alaGkAra zAstra kA nirdeza bho aneka granthoM meM upalabdha hotA hai| 6. purANa-cAndravRtti 3 / 3 / 71 tathA sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa 4 / 3 / 226 kI TokA meM kisI kAzyapoya purANa kA ullekha milatA hai| vAyupurANa 61156 ke anusAra vAyupurANa ke pravaktA kA nAma 15 20 25 1. pUrva pRSTha 156 Ti0 1, 3, / 2. siMhonnatA kAzyapasya 3. pUrveSAM kAzyapavararuciprabhRtInAmAcAryANAM lakSaNazAtrANi saMhRtya pryaalocy.....| kAvyAdarza, hRdayaGgamA ttiikaa| kAvyAdarza kI zrutapAla ko TIkA meM bhI nirdeza milatA hai / 5.-kAvyaprakAza haridatta ekAdazatIrtha kRta hindI TIkA kA praarmbh| 4. kalpaMceti kima ? kAzyapIyA purANasaMhitA / 3

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21 pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI meM smRta prAcAya 161 akRtavraNa kAzyapa thaa|' viSNupurANa kI zrIdhara kI TIkA pRSTha 366 meM purANa pravaktA akRtavraNa ko kAzyapa kahA hai / 7. kAzyapIya sUtra - udyotakara apane nyAyavArtika meM kaNAdasUtroM ko kAzyapIya sUtra ke nAma se uddhRta karatA hai / sambhava hai kaNAda kazyapa gotrIya ho / vyAkaraNa, kalpa, chandaHzAstra, Ayurveda, zilpazAstra, alaMkArazAstra, purANa aura kaNAdasUtroM kA pravaktA eka hI vyakti hai vA bhinna-bhinna, yaha ajJAta hai| 3-gArya (3100 vi0 pUrva) pANini ne aSTAdhyAyI meM gArya kA ullekha tIna sthAnoM para kiyaa| gArya ke aneka mata RkprAtizAkhya aura vAjasaneya-prAtizAkhya meM upalabdha hote haiM / unake sUkSma paryavekSaNa se vidita hotA hai ki gArya kA vyAkaraNa sarvAGgapUrNa thaa| paricaya __gArya pada gotrapratyayAnta hai, tadanusAra isake mUla puruSa kA nAma garga thA / garga pUrva nirdiSTa vaiyAkaraNa bharadvAja kA putra thA / isase adhika isake viSaya meM kucha jJAta nhiiN| .. anyatra ullekha -kisI narukta gArgya kA ullekha yAska ne apane nirukta meM kiyA hai| sAmaveda kA padapATha bhI gAryaviracita mAnA 20 1. AtreyaH sumati/mAn kAzyapo'yakRtavraNaH / 2. tathA kAzyapIyam-sAmAnya-pratyakSAda vizeSApratyakSAd vizeSasmRtezca saMzaya iti / nyAyavartika 1 / 2 / 23 pRSTha 66 / yaha vaizeSika (2 / 2 / 17) kA sUtra hai| udyotakara vikrama kI prathama zatAbdI kA granthakAra hai| dekho, zrI paM0 bhagavaddattajI kRta bhAratavarSa kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga 2 (saM0 2017)pRSTha 338 / 25 3. aD gAryagAlavayoH / aSTA0 7 / 3 / 66 / oto gAya'sya / 8 / 3 / 20 // nodAttasvaritodayamagAryakAzpagAlavAnAm / aSTA0 8 / 4167 // 4. vyADizAkalyagAryAH / 13 // 31 // 5. khyAte khayo kazI gArgyaH sakhyokhyamukhyavarjam / 6. tatra nAmAni sarvANyAkhyAtajAnIti zAkaTAyano nairuktasamayazca na sarvA- 30

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1 162 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa jAtA hai|' bRhaddevatA 1 / 26 meM yAska aura rathItara ke sAtha gAgya kA mata uddhRta hai / RkprAtizAkhya aura vAjasaneya prAtizAkhya meM gAgya ke aneka matoM kA nirdeza hai| caraka sUtrasthAna 1 / 10 meM gAye kA ullakha hai / narukta gArya aura sAmaveda kA padakAra eka hI vyakti haiM, yaha hama anupada likheNge| bRhaddevatA 1 / 26 meM nirdiSTa gArya nizcita hI nairukta gArya hai / prAtizAkhyoM meM uddhRta mata vaiyAkaraNa gArgya ke haiM, yaha una matoM ke avalokana se nizcita ho jAtA hai| yadyapi narukta gArgya aura vaiyAkaraNa gArya ko ekatA meM nizcAyaka pramANa upalabdha nahIM, tathApi hamArA vicAra hai donoM eka hI haiN| 10 eka dapta bAlAki gArya zatapatha 14 / 5 / 1 / 1 meM udghata hai| hari vaMza pRSTha 57 ke anusAra zezirAyaNa gArya trigartoM kA purohita thaa| praznopaniSad 4 / 1 meM sauryAyaNi gArya kA ullekha milatA hai / ye nizcaya hI vibhinna vyakti haiM / yaha inake sAtha prayukta vizeSaNoM se spaSTa hai| kAla aSTAdhyAyI meM gArgya kA ullekha hone se yaha nizcaya hI pANini se prAcIna hai| gAgya kA mata yAskIya nirukta meM uddhRta hai| yadi nairukta aura vaiyAkaraNa donoM gArgya eka hI hoM to yaha yAska se bhI prAcIna hogA / yAska kA kAla bhAratayuddha ke samIpa hai / ataH gArya vikrama se lagabhaga 3100 varSa prAcIna hai| suzru ta ke TIkAkAra DalhaNa ne gArya ko dhanvantari kA ziSya likhA hai, aura usake sAtha gAlava kA nirdeza kiyA hai| pANinIya vyAkaraNa meM bhI do sthAnoM para NIti gAryo vaiyAkaraNAnAM caike / niru0 2 / 12 // anyatra nirukta 113 // 13 // 31 // 1. vahuvRcAnAM mehanA ityekaM padam chandogAnAM trINyetAni padAni ma+iha 25 +nAsti / tadubhayaM pazyatA bhASyakAreNobhayoH zAkalyagAryayorabhiprAyAvatrAna vihitau / durgavRtti 4 / 4 // mehanA ekamiti zAkalyaH, trINIti gArgyaH / skandaTIkA 4 // 3 // 2. caturya iti tatrAhuryAskagArgyarathItarAH / AziSo'thArthavarUpyAda kAcaH karmaNa eva c| 3. dekho pUrva pRSTha 161 kI Ti0 4,5 / 4. prabhRtigrahaNAnnimikAGkAyanagA-gAlavAH // 1 // 3 //

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5 pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI meM smRta prAcArya 163 gArya aura gAlava kA sAtha-sAtha nirdeza milatA hai| kyA isa sAhacarya se vaidya gArgya gAlava aura vaiyAkaraNa gAye gAlava eka ha sakate hai ? yadi ina kI ekatA pramANAntara se puSTa ho jAya to gArgya gAlava kA kAla vikrama se lagabhaga 5500 varSa pUrva hogA / __ gArya kA vyAkaraNa gArya ke vyAkaraNa kA koI sUtra prAcIna granthoM meM upalabdha nahIM hotA / aSTAdhyAyI aura prAtizAkhya meM gAya ke jo mata udadhata haiM unase vidita hotA hai ki gArgya kA vyAkaraNa sarvAGgapUrNa thaa| yadi sAmaveda kA padakAra hI vyAkaraNapravaktA ho to mAnanA par3egA ki gArya kA vyAkaraNa kucha bhinna prakAra kA thA / sAmapadapATha meM mitra 10 putra' Adi aneka padoM meM avagraha karake avAntara do-do pada darzAe haiM, jo pANinIya vyAkaraNAnusAra (dhAtu pratyaya ke saMyoga se) eka hI pada haiN| sambhava hai zAkaTAyana ke sadaza gArya ne bhI eka pada ko aneka dhAtuoM se kalpanA kI ho / gArgya aura zAkaTAyana kA virodha nirukta kI durgavRtti 1 / 13 meM upasthiApita kiyA hai| anya grantha . prAcIna vAGamaya meM gAryaviracita nimna granthoM kA ullekha milatA hai 1. nirukta-yAska ne apane nirukta meM tIna sthAna para gArya kA mata uddhRta kiyA hai| bRhaddevatA 1 / 26 kA mata bhI niruktazAstra- 20 viSayaka hai| gAya ke nirukta ke viSaya meM zrI paM0 bhagavaddattajI viracita vaidika vAGamaya kA itihAsa bhAga 1 khaNDa 2 (saMhitAroM ke bhASyakAra) pRSTha 168 dekheN| 2. sAmaveda kA padapATha-sAmaveda kA padapATha gAryakRta mAnA jAtA hai| nirukta ke TIkAkAra durga aura skanda kA bho yahI mata 25 hai|" vAjasaneya prAtizAkhya 4 / 177 ke uvvaTa-bhASya meM gAryakRta padapATha viSayaka eka prAcIna niyama uddhRta hai '. 1. mitram pRSTha 1, mantra 5 / put trasya pRSTha 188, mantra 2 / 2. pUrva pRSTha 161 Ti0 6 / 3. pUrva pRSTha 162 Ti. 2 / 4. pUva pRSTha 162 tti01|

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164 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa punaruktAni lupyante padAnItyAha zAkalaH / lopa iti gArgyasya kANvasyArthavazAditi // 5 isa niyama ke anusAra gArgya ke padapATha meM punarukta padoM kA lopa nahIM hotA / zAkalya aura mAdhyandina ke padapATha meM punarukta padoM kA lopa ho jAtA hai / hamane isa niyama ke anusAra sAmaveda ke padapATha ko dekhaa| usa meM punarukta padoM kA pATha sarvatra milatA hai / ata: sAmaveda kA padapATha gAgyaMkRta hI hai, isa meM koI sandeha nahIM / gArgyakRta padapATha ke vizeSa niyamoM ke parijJAna ke liye hamArA sampAdita mAdhyandinasaMhitAyAH padapATha: ke prArambha meM pRSTha 24-26 10 dekheM | zrI paM0 bhagavaddattajI ne apane suprasiddha vaidika vAG maya kA itihAsa bhAga 1, khaNDa 2, pRSTha 154 meM sAmavedIya padapATha ke kucha padoM kI yAskIya nirvacanoM se tulanA kI hai / tadanusAra unhoMne nairukta aura padakAra donoM ke eka hone kI sambhAvanA pradarzita kI hai / hamane 15 bhI vaidika yantrAlaya ajamera se saM0 2006 meM prakAzita sAmaveda ke SaSTha saMskaraNa kA saMzodhana karate samaya sAmavedIya padapATha kI anya padapAThoM aura yAskIya nirvacanoM ke sAtha vizeSarUpa se tulanA kI / usa se hama bhI isI pariNAma para pahuMce ki sAmavedIya padakAra aura nairukta gAgya eka hai | 30 20 3. zAlAkyatantra - suzruta ke TIkAkAra DalhaNa ke matAnusAra gArgya dhanvantari kA ziSya hai / ' usane zAlAkya tantra kI racanA kI thI / sambhavataH vaidya gArgya aura vaiyAkaraNa gArgya donoM eka vyakti haiM, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiN| eka gArgya caraka sUtrasthAna 1 / 10 meM bhI smRta hai| 25 4. bhU-varNana - gArgya ne bhUvarNana viSayaka koI grantha likhA thA, usI ke anusAra vAyupurANa 34163 meM 'merukaNikA - varNana prakaraNa meM use 'UrdhvaveNIkRta' darzAyA hai| 5. takSa- zAstra - Apastamba ne apane zulbasUtra meM eka zloka udkiyA hai| TIkAkAra karavindAdhipa ke mata meM vaha zloka gArgya dhRta 1. dra0 pUrva pRSTha 162 Ti0 4 //

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pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI meM smRta AcArya 165 ke takSazAstra kA hai / ' 6. lokAyata - zAstra - gaNapati zAstrI ne arthazAstra kI kisI prAcIna TIkA ke anusAra apanI vyAkhyA meM likhA hai - lokAyataM nyAyazAstra, brahmagAyaM praNItam / bhAga 1, pRSTha 27 / 7. devarSi carita - mahAbhArata zAntiparva 210 21 meM gArgya ko 5 devarSicarita kA kartA kahA hai / " 8. sAma-tantra -- paM0 sAmavrata sAmazramI ne akSaratantra kI bhUmikA meM gAya ko sAmatantrakA pravaktA likhA hai / kiso haradattaviracita sarvAnukramaNI meM sAmatantra ko pradavaji prokta kahA hai / 3 1 10 ina meM nirukta, sAmapadapATha nizcaya hI vaiyAkaraNa gArgya kRta hai, zeSa granthoM ke viSaya meM hama nizcita rUpa se nahIM kaha sakate / / 4 - gAlava (3100 vi0 pU0 ) pANini ne aSTAdhyAyI meM gAlava kA ullekha cAra sthAnoM meM kiyA hai| puruSottamadeva ne bhASAvRtti 6 / 1 / 77 meM gAlava kA vyAka - 15 raNa savandhI eka mata uddhRta kiyA hai| inase vispaSTa hai ki gAlava ne koI vyAkaraNazAstra racA thA / paricaya gAlava kA kucha bhI paricaya hameM prApta nahIM hotA / yadi gAlava zabda anya vaiyAkaraNa nAmoM ke sadRza taddhitapratyayAnta ho to isake 20 1. vedArthAvagamanasya bahuvidyAntarAzrayatvAt takSazAstre gArgyAgastyAdibhiraGgulisaMkhyokta' rathaparimANazloka mudAharanti - prathApi / maisUra saMska0 pRSTha96 / 2. devarSicaritaM gArgyaH / citrazAlA presa pUnA / .. 3. pUrva pRSTha 74 / tathA isI grantha kA dUsarA bhAga a0 28 / 4. iko hrasvo'Gayo gAlavasya / aSTA0 6 | 3 | 61 // tRtIyAdiSu bhASita- 25 puskaM pu Mvad gAlavasya / aSTA0 7 | 1 |74 | | aDa gArgyagAlavayoH aSTA0 7|3| && // nodAttasvaritodayamagArgyakAzyapagAlavAnAm / zraSTA 824567 // 5. ikAM yabhirvyavadhAnaMvyADigAlavayoriti vaktavyam / dadhiyatra, dadhyatra; madhuvatra, madhvatra /

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa pitA kA nAma galava vA galu hogaa| mahAbhArata zAntiparva 342 / 103, 104 meM pAJcAla bAbhravya gAlava' ko kramapATha aura zikSA kA pravaktA kahA hai| zikSA kA saMbandha vyAkaraNazAstra ke sAtha hai| prasiddha vaiyAkaraNa Apizali, pANini aura candragomo ne bho zikSAgranthoM kA pravacana kiyA hai / tadanusAra yadi zikSA kA praNetA pAJcAla bAbhravya gAlava hI vyAkaraNapravaktA ho to gAlava kA bAbhravya gotra hogA aura pAJcAla usakA deza / suzruta ke TIkAkAra DalhaNa ne gAlava ko dhanvantari kA ziSya kahA hai / yadi yahI gAlava vyAkaraNapravaktA ho to gAlava kA eka prAcArya dhanvantari hogA / anyatra ullekha-nirukta bRhaddevatA', aitareya pAraNyaka aura vAyu-purANa meM gAlava ke mata udhRta haiM / caraka saMhitA ke prArambha meM bhI gAlava kA ullekha hai| kAla aSTAdhyAyI meM gAlava kA ullekha hone se nizcita hai ki vaha 15 pANini se prAcIna hai / hamAre mata meM mahAbhArata meM ullikhita pAJcAla bAbhravya gAlava hI zabdAnuzAsana kA pravaktA hai / yahI nirukta-pravaktA bhI hai / ataH usakA kAla zaunaka aura bhArata-yuddha se prAcIna hai| bRhaddevatA 1 / 24 meM gAlava ko purANa kavi kahA hai| yadi 1. kaI bAbhravya pAJcAla aura gAlava ko pRthak mAnate haiN| parantu hamArA mata hai ki ye tInoM zabda eka hI vyakti ke lie prayukta haiM / vizeSa dra. vaidika vAGmaya kA itihAsa, bhAga 1, pRSTha 190-161 (dvi0 sN0)| 2. pAJcAlena kramaH prAptastasmAd bhUtAt sanAtanAt / bAbhravyagotra: sa babhUva prathama kramapAragaH / nArAyaNAd varaM labdhvA prApya yogamuttamam / krama praNIya zikSAM ca praNayitvA sa gAlava: // 3. pUrva pRSTha 162 Ti0 4 / 4. zitimAMsato medasta iti gAlava: 413 // / 5. 1124 // 5 // 36 // 6 // 43 // 7 // 38 // 6. nedamakasminnahani samApayediti jAtukarNya: / samApayediti gAlavaH / // 33 // 7. zarAvaM caiva gAlavaH / 34 / 63 // 8. sUtrasthAna 110 // / 6. navabhya iti nairuktA: purANA: kavayazca ye / maghuka: zvetaketuzca gAlava"zcaiva manyate //

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pANinoya aSTAdhyAyo meM smRta prAcArya 167 dhanvantari ziSya gAlava hI zabdAnuzAsana kA pravaktA hove to gAlava kA kAla dhanvantari ziSya gArya ke samAna (dra0 pRSTha 162) vikrama se lagabhaga sADhe pAMca sahasra varSa pUrva hogaa| gAlava vyAkaraNa hama pUrva (pRSTha 165) gAlava kA eka mata uddhRta kara cuke haiM- 5 ikAM yaNbhirvyavadhAnaM vyADigAlavayoriti vaktavyam / yaha vacana puruSottamadeva ne bhASAvRtti 6 / 1177 meM uddhRta kiyA hai / tadanusAra loka meM 'dadhyatra madhvatra' ke sthAna meM 'dadhiyatra madhuvatra' prayoga bhI sAdhu haiM / yaha yaNvyavadhAnapakSa prAcArya pANini se bho anumodita hai / pANini ne 'bhUvAdayo dhAtavaH" sUtra meM vakAra kA vyavadhAna kiyA hai| 10 hama isa viSaya para pUrva vistAra se likha cuke haiN| anya grantha 1. saMhitA-zaiziri-zikSA ke prArambha meM gAlava ko zaunaka kA ziSya aura zAkhA kA pravartaka kahA hai| zikSA kA pATha atyanta bhraSTa 2. brAhmaNa-dekho paM0 bhagavaddattajI kRta vaidika vAGamaya kA itihAsa bhAga 2 pRSTha 30 / 3. krama-pATha-mahAbhArata zAntiparva 342 / 103 meM pAJcAla bAbhravya gAlava ko kramapATha kA pravaktA kahA hai| RkprAtizAkhya 11 / 65 meM ise prathama kramapravaktA likhA hai| 4. zikSA-mahAbhArata zAntiparva 342 / 104 ke anusAra gAlava ne zikSA kA praNayana kiyA thaa| 1. aSTA0 1 // 3 // 1 // 2. dekho pUrva pRSTha 28,26 / . 3. mudgalo gAlavo gAryaH zAkalyaH zaiziristathA / paJca zaunakaziSyAste zAkhAbhedapravartakAH / vaidika vAGmaya kA itihAsa bhAga 1 pRSTha 187, (dvi0 . 25 saM0)para uddhRta / zrI paM0 bhagavaddattajI ne aneka purANoM ke AdhAra para pATha kA saMzodhana karake ise zAkalya kA ziSya mAnA hai| vai0 vA0 i0 bhAga 1 pR0 187 (dvi0 saM0) // 4. pUrva pRSTha 166 Ti0 2 / 5. iti pra bAbhravya uvAca ca kramaM kramapravaktA prathamaM zazaMsa ca / isakI vyAkhyA meM uvvaTa ne likhA hai-bAbhravyo babhruputro bhagavAn pAJcAla iti| 30 , 6. pUrva pRSTha 166 Ti0 2 /

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168 saMskRtavyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 5. nirukta -yAska ne apane nirukta 4 / 3 meM gAlava kA eka nirvacanasabandhI pATha udadhRta kiyA hai| usase pratIta hotA hai ki gAlava ne koI nirukta racA thaa| isa viSaya meM zrI paM0 bhagavaddattajI vira cita vaidika vAG maya kA itihAsa bhAga 1 khaNDa 2 pRSTha 176-180 5 dekheN| 6. devata granya-bRhaddevatA meM cAra sthAna para gAlava kA * mata uddhRta hai| unameM se 1 / 24 meM gAlava ko purANa kavi kahA hai|' yaha mata nirvacanasaMbandho hai| zeSa tona sthAna para RcAoM ke devatA saMbandhI matoM kA nirdeza hai| unase pratIta honA hai ki gAlava ne sva10 prokta saMhitA ke kisI anukramaNI gantha kA bhI pravacana kiyA thA / 7. zAlAkya-tantra-dhanvantari ziSya gAlava ne zAlAkya-tantra kI racanA ko thii| suzruta ke TIkAkAra DalhaNa ne isakA nirdeza kiyA 8. kAmasUtra-vAtsyAyana kAmasUtra 11:10 meM likhA hai 15 pAJcAla bAbhravya ne sAta adhikaraNoM meM kAmazAstra kA saMkSepa kiyA thaa| ____6. bhU-varNana-vAyupurANa 34 / 63 meM merukaNikA ke varNana meM gAlava kA mata ullikhita hai / tadanusAra usake mata meM 'merukaNikA kA AkAra 'zarAva' ke sadRza hai-zarAvaM caiva gAlavaH / isa se pratIta hotA hai ki gAlava kA koI bhUvarNana bhI thA / bhUvarNana jyotiSa kA kA aMga hai / ataH sambhava hai gAlava ne koI jyotiSa saMhitA likhI ho| 5-cAkravarmaNa (3000 vi0 pUrva) 25 cAkravarmaNa prAcArya kA nAma pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI tathA uNAdisUtroM meM milatA hai / bhaTToji dIkSita ne zabdakaustubha meM 1. pUrva pRSTha 166 Ti0 4 / 2. pUrva pRSTha 166 Ti0 5 / 3. pUrva pRSTha 166 tti06| 4. pUrva pRSTha 162 Ti0 4 / 5: saptabhiradhikaraNarbAbhravyaH pAJcAlaH saMcikSepa / 6. I cAkravarmaNasya / aSTA 6 / 11130 // 7. kapazcAkravarmaNasya / paJca0 u0 3 / 144 / / daza0 u0 711 //

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22 pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI meM smRta AcArya 166 isakA eka mata uddhRta kiyA hai / ' zrIpatidatta ne kAtantra pariziSTa ke 'hetau vA' sUtra kI vRtti meM cAkravarmaNa kA ullekha kiyA hai | inase isa kA vyAkaraNapravaktRtva vispaSTa hai / paricaya vaMza - cAkravarmaNa pada apatyapratyayAnta hai / tadanusAra isa ke pitA 5 kA nAma cakravarmA thA / gurupada hAladAra ne vAyupurANa ke anusAra cakravarmA ko kazyapa kA pautra likhA hai / 3 kAla yaha AcArya pANini se prAcIna hai itanA nizcita hai | paJcapAdI uNAdi-sUtra prApizali kI racanA hai, yaha hama uNAdi - prakaraNa meM 10 likheNge| hama Upara likha cuke haiM ki uNAdi ( 3 | 144 ) meM cAkravarmaNa kA ullekha hai / ataH isa kA kAla Apizali se bhI pUrva arthAt vikrama se tIna sahasra varSa pUrva avazya mAnanA hogA / cAkravarmaNa-vyAkaraNa 15 isa vyAkaraNa kA abhI taka koI sUtra upalabdha nahIM huA / dvaya kI sarvanAma saMjJA -- pANinIya matAnusAra 'dvaya' pada kI sarvanAma saMjJA nahIM hotI / bhaTToji dIkSita ne mAgha 12 / 13 prayukta 'dvayeSAm' pada meM cAkravarmaNa vyAkaraNAnusAra sarvanAmasaMjJA kA ullekha kiyA hai / aura 'niyatakAlAH smRtaya:' isa niyama ke anusAra usakA sAdhutva pratipAdana kiyA hai| isase pratIta hotA hai ki cAkravarmaNa 20 AcArya ke vyAkaraNAnusAra dvaya pada kI sarvanAma saMjJA hotI thI / Adhunika vaiyAkaraNa 'niyatakAlAH smRtaya:' isa niyama ke anusAra 1. 11/27, tathA Ti0 4 / 2. kAzikA 6 / 4 / 170 // 3. vyAkaraNa darzanera itihAsa pRSTha 516 / 4. yattu kazcidAha cAkavarmaNavyAkaraNe dvayapadasyApi sarvanAmatAbhyupagamAt 25 tadrItyA zrayaM prayoga iti, tadapi na / munitrayamatenedAnIM sAdhvasAdhuvibhAgaH / tasyaivedAnIMtana ziSTairvedAGgatayA parigRhItatvAt / dRzyante hi niyatakAlA: smRtayaH / yathA kalI pArAzarI smRtiriti / zabdako0 11 127 //

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170 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa pANini Adi munitraya ke mata se zabda ke sAdhutva-prasAdhutva kI vyavasthA mAnate haiM / yaha mata vastutaH cintya hai / yaha hama pUrva saMketita kara cuke haiN|' mahAbhASya Adi prAmANika granthoM meM bhI isa prakAra kA koI vacana nahIM miltaa| niyatakAlAH smRtayaH kA aprAmANya-pANinIya vaiyAkaraNa saba zabdoM ko nitya mAnate haiN| aisI avasthA meM prAcInakAla meM sAdhu mAne hue zabda ko uttara kAla meM asAdha mAnanA upapanna nahIM ho sakatA / hAM, yadi zabdoM ko pranitya mAneM to deza kAla aura uccAraNa bheda se zabda ke vikRta ho jAne para ukta vyavasthA mAnI jA sakatI hai, parantu aisI kalpanA karane para do doSa upasthita hote haiM / eka vaiyAkaraNoM ko apane zabdanityatvarUpI mukhya siddhAnta se hAtha dhonA par3atA hai aura vikRta zabdoM ko sAdhu mAnanA par3atA hai / ataH isa prakAra ke niyamoM kI kalpanA karane para saba se prathama svasiddhAnta kI hAni tathA vikRta hue zabdoM kI sAdhutA svIkAra karanI hogii| yadi 'niyata15 kAlAH smRtayaH' ke niyama se prayoga ko vyavasthA mAnI jAya arthAt amuka zabda amuka samaya prayogAha hai amuka samaya meM nahI, to yaha bhI ThIka nhiiN| kyoMki isa vyavasthA ke mAnane para 'astyaprayuktaH' ke uttara meM mahAbhASyakAra ne jo vistAra se zabda ke mahAnpra yoga viSaya kA ullekha kiyA hai, vaha upapanna nahIM ho sakatA / ataH navIna 20 logoM ko isa prakAra ke niyamoM kA banAnA cintya hai| vastutaH niyatakAlAH smRtayaH niyama dharmazAstra viSayaka hai| kyoMki deza kAla ke anusAra sAmAjika niyamoM meM parivartana hotA rahatA hai / ataH tadanusAra smRtiyoM meM bhI kucha-kucha parivartana honA svAbhAvika hai| 25 1. pUrva pRSTha 37 Ti. 1 / 2. siddhe zabdArthasambandhe / mahAbhASya a 1 pA0 1 prA0 1 // sarve sarvapadAdezAH dAkSiputrasya pANineH / ekadezavikAre hi nityatvaM nopapadyate / mahAbhASya 111 // 20 // 3. mahAbhASya a0 1 pA0 1 prA0 1, / / 4. 'mahAn hi zabdasya prayogaviSayaH' Adi grantha / mahAbhASya a01 pA0 10 1 // 30

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pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI meM smRta AcAya 171 aba rahI dvaya pada kI sarvanAma saMjJA / mahAbhASya ne 'dvaye pratyayA vidhIyante tiGazca kRtazca" isa vAkya meM dvaya pada kI sarvanAma saMjJA mAnI hai| yadyapi yahAM dvaya pada ko sthAnivadbhAva se tayappratyayAnta mAnakara 'prathamacaramatayAlpArdha02 sUtra se jasviSaya meM isa kI vikalpa se sarvanAma saMjJA mAnI jA sakatI hai, tathApi aAdhunika vaiyAkaraNoM ke 5 'yathottaraM munInAM prAmANyam" isa dvitIya niyama se 'prathamacarama0' sUtra se dvaya zabda ko sarvanAma saMjJA nahIM ho sakatI, kyoMki mahAbhASyakAra ne 'dvaya' pada meM hone vAle 'prayac' ko svatantra pratyaya mAnA hai na ki tayapa kA Adeza / ataH yahAM 'prathacarama0' sUtra kI pravatti nahIM ho sktii| mahAbhASyakAra ke mata meM dvaya pada ko sarvanAma saMjJA hotI hai 10 yaha pUrva uddharaNa se vyakta hai| isIliye candragomI ne apane vyAkaraNa meM 'prathamacarama0' sUtra meM 'aya' aMza kA prakSepa karake 'prathamacaramatayAyAlpArdha" aisA nyAsAntara kiyA hai / 'yayottaraM munInAM prAmANyam' isa niyama meM bhI ve hI pUrvokta doSa upasthita hote haiM, jo 'niyatakAlAH smRtayaH' meM darzAe haiM / Adhunika 15 vaiyAkaraNoM ke uparyukta donoM niyama zAstraviruddha hone se azuddha haiM, yaha spaSTa hai / ataH kisI bhI ziSTaprayoga ko ina niyamoM ke anusAra azuddha batAnA duHsAhasamAtra hai| navIna vaiyAkaraNoM ke isa mata kI pAlocanA prakriyAsarvasva ke racayitA nArAyaNa bhaTTa ne 'apANinIyaprAmANikatA' nAmaka laghu grantha meM bhale prakAra kI hai| vaiyAkaraNoM ko 20 yaha grantha avazya dekhanA caahie| prAcIna ArSa vAGamaya meM ziSTa-prayukta zabdoM ke sAdhutva jJAna ke lie hamArA 'pAdibhASAyAM prayujyamAnAnAm apANinIyapadAnAM sAdhutvavivecanam' nivandha dekhie| 1. mahAbhASya 2 / 3 / 65 // 6 / 2 / 136 // 2. aSTA0 1 / 1 / 33 // 25 3. bhASyapradIpavivaraNa 331180 // 4. ayaca pratyayAntaram / mahAbhASya 111144,56 // / 5. cAndra vyAka 2 / 1 / 14 / / hemacandra ne bhI 'aya' kA pRthaggrahaNa kiyA hai| udAharaNa meM traya zabda kI bhI vikalpa se sarvanAma saMjJA mAnI hai| dekho haima bRhadavRtti 14 / 10 // 6. yaha grantha 'brahmavilAsa maTha perurakADA 30 TveiNDrama' se prakAzita huA hai| ise isa grantha ke tIsare bhAga meM dekheM / 7. dra0 -vedavANI, varSa 14, aGka 1,2,4,5 / yaha lekha zIghra prakAzita

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172 saskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 6-bhAradvAja (3000 vi0 pUrva) bhAradvAja kA ullekha pANinIya tantra meM kevala eka sthAna para milatA hai|' aSTAdhyAyI 4 / 2 / 145 meM bhI bhAradvAja zabda pAyA jAtA hai, parantu kAzikAkAra ke matAnusAra vaha bhAradvAja pada dezavAcI hai, AcAryavAcI nhiiN| bhAradvAja kA vyAkaraNaviSayaka mata taittirIya prAtizAkhyA 17 / 3 aura maitrAyaNIya prAtizAkhya 2156 meM milatA 5 paricaya bhAraddhAja ke pUrva puruSa kA nAma bharadvAja hai / sambhavataH yaha 10 bharadvAja vahI hai jo indra kA ziSya dIrghajIvI anUcAnatama bharadvAja thaa| caturvedAdhyAyo nyAyamaJjarI meM jayanta bhAradvAja ko caturvedAdhyAyI kahatA haiM / aneka bhAradvAja-praznopaniSad 61 meM sukezA bhAradvAja kA ullekha hai, yaha hiraNyanAbha kausalya kA samakAlika hai bRhadAraNyaka 15 upaniSad 43115 meM gardabhI vipIta bhAradvAja kA nirdeza hai, yaha yAjJa valkya kA samakAlika hai| kRSNa bhAradvAja kA ullekha kAzyapa saMhitA sUtrasthAna 27 / 3 meM milatA hai / droNa bhAradvAja droNAcArya ke nAma se prasiddha hI hai| kauTilya arthazAstra meM bhI bhAradvAja ke aneka mata uddhRta hai / TIkAkAroM ke matAnusAra ve mata droNa bhAradvAja ke haiM / bhAradvAja deza-kAzikAkAra jayAditya ke matAnusAra aSTAdhyAyI 4 / 2 / 145 meM bhAradvAja deza kA ullekha hai| vAyupurANa 45 // 116 meM udIcya dezoM meM bhAradvAja deza kI gaNanA kI hai|" hone vAle 'mImAMsaka lekhAvalI' ke dUsare bhAga meM bhI chpegaa| 1. Rto bhAradvAjasya / aSTA0 7 / 2 / 63 // 2. kRkarNaparNAd bhAradvAje / 3. bhAradvAjazabdo'pi dezavacana eva, na gotrazabdaH / kAzikA 4 / 2 / 145 // 4. anusvAre'Nviti bhAradvAjaH / 5. caturvedAdhyAyI bhAradvAja iti / pRSTha 256, lAjarasa presa kAzI / 6. 1 / 8 // 1 // 15 // 1 / 17 // 5 // 6 // 3 // 7. pAtreyAzca bharadvAjAH prasthalAzca kaserukAH /

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pANinIya aSTAdhyAyo meM smRta AcAya 173 kAla hama Upara aneka bhAradvAjoM kA ullekha kara cuke haiN| aSTAdhyAyI meM kevala gotrapratyayAnta bhAradvAja zabda se nirdeza kiyA hai| ataH jaba taka yaha nirNIta na ho ki vaha kauna bhAradvAja hai taba taka usakA kAlajJAna honA kaThina hai / hamAre vicAra meM yaha bhAradvAja dIrghajIvI- 5 tama anUcAnatama vaiyAkaraNa bharadvAja bArhaspatya kA putra droNa bhAradvAja hai / droNAcArya kI Ayu bhAratayuddha ke samaya 400 varSa kI thI, aisA mahAbhArata meM spaSTa likhA hai|' punarapi pANinIya aSTaka meM bhAradvAja kA sAkSAt ullekha hone se nizcita rUpa se kahA jA sakatA hai ki yaha vikrama se 3000 varSa prAcIna avazya hai| bhAradvAja vyAkaraNa isa vyAkaraNa ke kevala do mata hI prAcIna granthoM meM upalabdha hote haiM / unase isake svarUpa aura parimANa Adi ke viSaya meM koI vizeSa jJAna nahIM hotA / vAjasaneya prAtizAkhyA a08 ke anta meM AkhyAtoM ko bhAradvAja-dRSTa kahA hai / usakA abhiprAya mRgya hai| 15 bhAradvAja vArtika-mahAbhASya meM bahuta sthAnoM para bhAradvAjoya vArtikoM kA ullekha milatA hai| ve prAyaH kAtyAyanIya vArtikoM se milate haiM aura unakI apekSA vistRta tathA vispaSTa haiM / hamArA vicAra hai ye bhAradvAja vAtika pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI para likhe gaye haiN| isake kaI pramANa vArtikakAra bhAradvAja prakaraNa meM likhge| 20 anya grantha prAyurveda saMhitA- bhAradvAja ne kAyacikitsA para eka saMhitA racI thii| isake aneka uddharaNa Ayurveda ke TIkAgranthoM meM upalabdha hote haiN| arthazAstra-cANakya ne apane arthazAstra meM bhAradvAja ke aneka 25 1. vayasA'zItipaJcaka: (8045=400) / droNa parva 125473, 192164 // vizeSa dra0-bhAratavarSa kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga 1 pRSTha 150 (dvi0 sN)| 2. mahAbhASya 1 / 1 / 20,56 / / 3 / 1138 // ityAdi /

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10 20 174 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa mata uddhRta kiye haiM / " TIkAkAroM ke matAnusAra ve droNa bhAradvAja ke haiM / yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiM / vaMza - mahAbhASya 3 | 3 | 1 meM zAkaTAyana ke pitA kA nAma zakaTa likhA hai / pANini ne zakaTa zabda naDAdigaNa" meM par3hA hai / vaiyAkaraNoM ke matAnusAra zakaTa usake pitAmaha kA nAma honA cAhiye, parantu vaiyAkaraNoM kI gotrAdhikAra ko vartamAna vyAkhyA sampUrNa prAcIna 15 itihAsa gotra pravarAdhyAya se na kevala viparIta hI hai apitu gotradhikAra pratyayoM kA anantarApatya meM dRSTa prayogoM kI upapatti meM kliSTa kalpanA karanI par3atI hai ataH yaha vyAkhyA tyAjya hai / gotrAdhikAra vihita pratyaya anantara apatya meM bhI hote haiM, aura pautraprabhRti apatyoM ke lie inhIM gotrAdhikAra vihita pratyayoM kA prayoga hotA hai, 25 - zAkaTAyana ( 3000 vi0 pU0 ) pANini ne aSTAdhyAyI meM zAkaTAyana kA ullekha tIna bAra kiyA hai / " vAjasaneyaprAtizAkhya' tathA RkprAtizAkhya' meM bhI isakA aneka sthAnoM meM nirdeza milatA hai / yAska ne apane nirukta meM kyAkaraNa zAkaTAyana kA mata uddhRta kiyA hai / " pataJjali ne spaSTa zabdoM meM zAkaTAyana ko vyAkaraNazAstra kA pravaktA kahA hai / paricaya 1. dra0 pUrva pRSTha 172 Ti06 / 2. laGaH zAkaTAyanasyaiva / zraSTA0 3 | 4|111 || vyolaMghuprayatnataraH zAkaTAyanasya / bhraSTA0 8|3|18|| triprabhRtiSu zAkaTAyanasya / aSTA0 8|4|50 // 3. 3 / 6,12,87 // ityAdi // 4. 1 / 16 / 13 / 36 // 5. tatranAmAnyAkhyAtajAnIti zAkaTAyano nairuktayanayazca / niru0 112 // 6. vyAkaraNe zakaTasya ca tokam / mahAbhASya 3 | 3 | 1|| vaiyAkaraNAnAM zAkaTAyano / mahAbhASya 3 / 2 / 115 / / . vyAkaraNe zakaTasya ca tokam / 7. 8. naDAdibhyaH phak / praSTA0 4 166 //

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pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI meM smRta prAcAya 175 anya pratyayoM kA nhiiN| itanA hI zAstrakAra pANini kA abhiprAya vardhamAna ne zakaTa kA artha zakaTamiva bhArakSamaH kiyA hai| zAkaTAyana aura kANva-anantadeva ne zuklayajuH-prAtizAkhya 4 / 126 ke bhASya meM purANa ke anusAra zAkaTAyana ko kANva kA ziSya 5 kahA hai aura pakSAntara meM use hI kANva batAyA hai| punaH zuklayaju:prAtizAkhya 4 / 161 ke bhASya meM likhA hai ki zAkaTAyana kANva kA paryAya hai mata yukta nahIM hai| saMskAraratnamAlA meM bhaTTa gopInAtha ne gotrapravara prakaraNa meM do zAkaTAyanoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| eka vAghrayazvavaMzya aura dUsarA kANvavaMzya / ina se itanA nizcita hai ki zAkaTAyana kA 10 saMbandha kANva vaMza ke sAtha avazya hai| hamArA vicAra hai zuklayajUHprAtizAkhya aura aSTAdhyAyI meM smata zAkaTAyana kANvavaMza kA haiN| yadi yaha bAta pramANAntara se aura puSTa ho jAya to zAkaTAyana kA samaya nizcita karane meM bahuta sugamatA hogii| __ matsya purANa 166 / 44 ke nirdezAnusAra koI zAkaTAyana gotra 15 AGgirasa bhI hai| prAcArya-hama Upara likha cuke haiM ki anantadeva purANAnusAra zAkaTAyana ko kANva kA ziSya mAnatA hai| parantu zaiziri zikSA ke prArambha meM use zaiziri kA ziSya kahA hai 1. isa kA sopapattika varNana hama aSTAdhyAyI kI vaijJAnika vyAkhyA meM 20 karaMga / 2. gaNaratnamahodadhi pRSTha 146 / 3. asau padasya vakAro na lupyate asasthAne svare pare zAkaTAyanasyAcAryasya matena / kANvaziSyaH saH; purANe darzanAt / tena ziSyAcAryayorekamatatvAt kANvamatenApyayameva / yadvA zAkaTAyana iti kANvAcAryasyaiva nAmAntaramudA- 25 haraNam / 4. yadvA supade'zAkaTAyanaH iti aprazleSeNa sUtraM vyAkhyAyate / nedaM kANvamatamiti kaizciduktam, zAkaTAyana iti zabdasya kANvaparyAyatvAt 'pariNa iti zAkaTAyana (vA0 pra0 387) ityAdau tathA dRSTatvAditi nirastam / 5. saMskAraratna mAlA pRSTha 430 / 6. saMskAraratnamAlA pRSTha 437 / 30

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176 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa zaizirasya tu ziSyasya zAkaTAyana eva ca / ' yadyapi isa zlokAMza aura etatsahapaThita anya zlokoM kA pATha bahuta bhraSTa azuddha hai, tathApi itanA vyakta hotA hai ki zAkaTAyana zaiziri yA usa ke ziSya kA ziSya thaa| ina zlokoM kI prAmANikatA abhI vicAraNIya hai / tathA isa meM kisa zAkaTAyana kA ullekha hai yaha bhI ajJAta hai| putra-vAmana kAzikA 6 / 2 / 133 meM 'zAkaTAyanaputra udAharaNa detA hai / yahI udAharaNa rAmacandra aura bhaTToji dIkSita ne bhI diyA 10 jIvana kI viziSTa ghaTanA-zAkaTAyana ke jIvana kI eka ghaTanA mahAbhASya 3 / 2 / 115 meM isa prakAra likhI hai athavA bhavati vai kazcid jAgradapi vartamAnakAlaM nopalabhate / taddhathA-vaiyAkaraNAnAM zAkaTAyano rathamArga prAsIna: zakaTasArtha yantaM noplebhe| 15. arthAt-jAgatA huprA bho koI puruSa vartamAla kAla ko nahIM grahaNa karatA / jaise rathamArga para baiThe hue vaiyAkaraNoM meM zraSTha zAkaTAyana ne sar3aka para jAte hue gAr3iyoM ke samUha ko nahIM dekhA / mahAbhASya meM isa ghaTanA kA ullekha hone se pratIta hotA hai ki zAkaTAyana ke jIvana kI yaha koI mahattvapUrNa lokaparijJAta ghaTanA hai| 20 anyathA isakA udAharaNa rUpa se ullekha na hotaa| zreSThatva-kAzikA 11486 meM eka udAharaNa hai-'anuzAkaTAyanaM vaiyAkaraNA:' arthAt saba vaiyAkaraNa zAkaTAyana se hIna haiN| kAzikA 114 / 87 meM isI bhAva kA dUsarA udAharaNa 'upazAkaTAyana vaiyAkaraNAH' milatA haiN| 25 zreSThatA kA kAraNa-nirukta 1112 tayA mahAbhASya 33 / 1 se vidita hotA hai ki vaiyAkaraNoM meM zAkaTAyana AcArya hI aisA thA jo sampUrNa nAma zabdoM ko prAkhyAtaja mAnatA thaa| nizcaya hI zAka 1. madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha saMgraha sUcIpatra jilda 4 bhAga 1 sI, san 1928, pRSTha 546,66 / 2. tatra nAmAnyAkhyAtajAnIti zAkaTAyano naruktasamayazca / nirukta / nAma ca dhAtujamAha nirukte vyAkaraNe zakaTasya ca tokam / mahAbhASya /

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23 . pANinIya aSTAdhyAyo meM smRta AcAya 177 TAyana ne kisI aise mahattvapUrNa vyAkaraNa kI racanA kI thI, jisa meM saba zabdoM kI dhAtu se vyutpatti darzAI gaI thii| isa mahattvapUrNa grantha ke kAraNa hI zAkaTAyana ko vaiyAkaraNoM meM zreSTha mAnA gayA / zAkaTAyana ke mata ko pAlocanA-gArgya ko chor3akara saba nairukta AcArya samasta nAma zabdoM ko AkhyAtaja mAnate haiM / nirukta 1112, 5 13 ke avalokana se vidita hotA hai ki tAtkAlika vaiyAkaraNa zAkaTAyana aura nairuktoM ke isa mata se asahamata the| unhoMne isa mata kI kar3I AlocanA kI thii| nirukta kI vyAkhyA karate hue durga ne zAkaTAyano'tipANDityAbhimAnAt aisA likhA hai| yAska ne una vaiyAkaraNoM kI AlocanA ko pUrvapakSarUpa meM rakha kara usakA yuktiyukta 1. uttara diyA haiN|' pUrvapakSa meM zAkaTAyana ke satya' zabda ke nirvacana ko vyaGgarUpa se uddhRta kiyA hai / isakA samucita uttara karate hue yAska ne likhA hai-yaha zAkaTAyana kI nirvacana paddhati kA doSa nahIM haiM, apitu usa vyakti kA doSa hai jo isa yuktiyukta paddhati ko bhale prakAra nahIM jaantaa| anyatra ullekha-vAjasaneya prAtizAkhya aura RkprAtizAkhya meM zAkaTAyana ke mata uddhRta haiM yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiM / zaunaka caturadhyAyI 2 / 24 aura Rktantra 111 meM zAyaTAyana ke mata nirdiSTa haiM / .. caturadhyAyI ke caturtha adhyAya ke prArambha ke kautsoya pATha meM likhA hai samAsAvagrahavigrahAn pade yathovAca chandasi / zAkaTAyanaH tathA pravakSyAmi catuSTayaM padam // 25 1. dekho nirukta 1 / 14 // 2. durgamatAnusAra / skanda kI vyAkhyA durgAcArya se bhinna hai| skanda kI vyAkhyA yukta hai| 3. athAnanvite'prAdezike vikAre padebhyaH padetarArdhAn saMcaskAra zAkaTAyanaH / eteH kAritaM yakArAdi cAntakaraNamasteH zuddhaM ca sakArAdi ca / nirukta 1 // 13 // * 4. yo'nanvite'rthe saMcaskAra sa tena gahya : saiSA puruSagardA na zAstragardA / nirukta 1 / 14 / tathA isakI durga aura skandavyAkhyA / / 5. dra0-nyu iNDiyana eNTikverI, sitambara 1938, pRSTha 361 / 30

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178 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa bRhaddevatA meM zAkaTAyana ke matoM kA ullekha bahuta milatA hai|' ve prAyaH daivataviSayaka haiN| bRhaddevatA 2 / 95 meM zAkaTAyana kA eka upasargaviSayaka mata uddhRta hai| bRhaddevatAkAra ne kahIM koI bhedaka vizeSaNa nahIM diyaa| ataH usake grantha meM uddhata saba mata nizcaya 5 hI eka zAkaTAyana ke haiM / kezava ne apane nAnArthArNavasaMkSepa meM zAka TAyana ko bahata udadhRta kiyA hai| usane eka sthAna para zAkaTAyana kA vizeSaNa AdizAbdika diyA hai| hemAdrikRtaca turvargacintAmaNi meM bhI zAkaTAyana kA eka vacana uddhRta hai| caturvargacintAmaNi ke atirikta sarvatra nirdiSTa zAkaTAyana eka hI vyakti hai yaha nizcita 10 hai| bahuta sambhava hai hemAdri dvArA smRta zAkaTAyana bhI bhinna vyakti na ho| kAla yAska zAkaTAyana kA nAmollekhapUrvaka smaraNa kiyA hai| yAska kA kAla vikrama se lagabhaga tIna sahasra varSa pUrva nizcita hai| yadi 15 zAkaTAyana kANva kA ziSya ho vA svayaM kANvazAkhA kA pravaktA ho to nizcaya hI isa kA kAla vikrama se lagabhaga 3100 varSa pUrva hogaa| 3000 vi0 pUrva to avazya hai / zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa kA svarUpa zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa anupalabdha hai| ataH vaha kisa prakAra kA 20 thA, yaha hama vizeSarUpa se nahIM kaha sakate / isa vyAkaraNa ke jo mata vibhinna granthoM meM uddhRta haiM, una se isa viSaya meM jo prakAza par3atA hai vaha isa prakAra hai laukika vaidika padAnvAkhyAna-nirukta, mahAbhASya aura prAtizAkhyoM ke pUrvokta pramANoM se vyakta hai ki isa vyAkaraNa meM laukika 25 1. bRddevatA 2 / 1,95 // 3 // 156 // 41138 / / 6 / 43 // 7 // 66 // 8 / 11, 60 // 2. zAkaTAyanasUristu vyAcaSTe smAdizAbdikaH // 62 // bhAga 2, pRSTha 6 / 3. yattUktaviruddhArtha zAkaTAyanavacanam--'jalAgnibhyAM vipannAnAM saMnyAse vA gRhe pathi / zrAddhaM na kurvIta teSAM vai varjayitvA caturdazIm' iti / caturvaga- 30 cintAmaNi zrAddhakalpa pRSTha 215, eziNaTika so0 saMskaH /

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pANinIya aSTAdhyAyoM meM smRta prAcArya 176 vaidika ubhayavidha padoM kA anvAkhyAna thaa| caturadhyAyI ke pUrvanidiSTa (pRSTha 177) kautsIya pATha se vidita hotA hai ki zAkaTAyana ne padapAThastha avagraha Adi nidarzaka prAtizAkhyasadRza koI chandaHsambandhI grantha racA thaa| nAgeza kI bhUla-nAgeza bhaTaTa ne mahAbhASyapradIpodyota ke prArambha 5 meM likhA hai-zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa meM kevala laukika padoM kA anvAkhyAna thaa|' pratIta hotA hai usane abhinava jainazAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa ko prAcIna ArSa zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa mAna kara yaha paMkti likhI hai| nAgeza ke lekha meM svavacanavirodha bhI hai / vaha mahAbhASya 3 / 3 / 1 ke vivaraNa meM paJcapAdi uNAdi sUtroM ko zAkaTAyana praNIta kahatA hai / 10 paJcavAdI uNAdi meM aneka aise sUtra haiM jo kevala vaidika zabdoM ke vyutpAdaka haiN| itanA hI nahIM, prAtizAkhayoM meM zAkaTAyana ke vyAkaraNaviSayaka aneka aise matoM kA ullekha hai jo kevala vedaviSayaka haiN| ataH zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa meM kevala laukika padoM kA anvAkhyAna mAnanA nAgeza kI bhArI bhUla hai / paJcapAdI uNAdisUtra zAkaTAyana- 15 viracita haiM vA nahIM, isa viSaya meM hama uNAdi prakaraNa meM likheMge / zAstranirvacanaprakAra-nirukta 1 / 13 ke 'ete, kAritaM ca yakArAdi cAntakaraNamasteH zuddhaM ca sakAradi ca' ke durgAcArya kRta vyAkhyAna se vidita hotA hai ki zAkaTAyana ne satya zabda kI nirukti 'iNa gatau' tathA 'pras bhuvi' ina do dhAtuoM se kI thii| durgAcArya ne isI 20 prakaraNa meM likhA hai-zAkaTAyana prAcArya ne kaI padoM kI siddhi aneka 1. kiM laukikazabdamAtraM zAkaTAyanAdizAstramadhikRtam / navAhika pRSTha 6, kAlama 1, nirNayasAgara sNsk0| ... 2. evaM ca kRtvA 'kuvApA' ityuNAsUitrANi zAkaTAyanasyeti sUcitama / 3. 112 // 281,87,101,103,116 // 3 // 66 // 4 // 120, 142 : 5 147, 170, 221 // 4. RkprAtizAkhya 1116 // 13 // 49 // vAja0 prAti0 3 / 6,12 / 88 / / '4 / 5, 126, 192 // 5. hamane gavarnameNTa saMskRta kAleja banArasa se prakAzita dazapAdI-raNAdivRtti ke upodghAta meM bhI isa viSaya para vizeSa vicAra kiyA hai /

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10 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa dhAtuoM se ko thI aura kaI padoM kI eka-eka dhAtu se / ' __ skanda ko vyAkhyAnusAra zAkaTAyana ne 'ig' dhAtu se kArita (=Nica-i) pratyaya aura 'as' ke sakAra se kevala sa (sU-prathamakavacana) aura sakArAdi san Adi pratyayoM ko kalpanA kI thii| aneka dhAtuoM se vyutpatti-nAma padoM ko aneka dhAtuoM se vyutpatti kevala zAkaTAyana AcAya ne nahIM kI, apitu zAkapUNi Adi aneka prAcona nairukta prAcArya isa prakAra ko vyutpatti karate the| brAhmaNa AraNyaka granthoM meM bhI isa prakAra kI aneka vyutpattiyAM upalabdha hotI haiN| yathA hRdaya-tadetat tryakSaraM hRdayamiti / ha ityekamakSaram, harantyasmai svAzcAnye ca ya evaM veda / da ityekamakSaram, damantyasmai svAzcAnye ca ya evaM veda / yamityekamakSaram, eti svarga lokaM evaM veda / ' ___ bhaga-bha iti bhAsayatImAllokAn, ra iti raJjayatImAni bhUtAni, ga iti gacchantyasminnAgacchantyasmAdimAH prajAH / tasmAd 15 bharagatvAd bhargaH / zabdoM kA trividhatva-nyAsakAra jinendra buddhi 3 / 3 / 1 meM likhatA hai tadevaM niruktakArazAkaTAyanadarzanena trayo zabdAnAM pravRttiH / jAtizabdAH guNazabdAH kriyAzabdA iti / 1. zAkaTAyanAcAryo'nekaizca dhAtubhirekamabhidhAnamanuvihitavAn ekena caikam / nirukta TIkA 1 / 13 // nirukta ke isa prakaraNa kI durga vyAkhyA khIMcAtAnI pUrNa hai / sambhava hai ki usane yaha vyAkhyA upaniSadoM meM asakRt nirdiSTa satyaM trINyakSarANi pATha se bhrAnta hokara kI hogii| nirukta ke isa prakaraNa kI ThIka vyAkhyA skanda svAmI ne kI hai, durga kI vyAkhyA meM to nirukta-padoM kA 25 artha bhI spaSTa nahIM hotaa| 2. agni:-tribhyAkhyAtebhyo jAyata iti zAkapUNiH itAdaktAd dagdhAdvA nItAt , sa khalveterakAmAdatte, gakAramanaktervA, dahatervA nI: paraH / nirukta 7 / 14 // 3. zata0 14 / 8 / 4 / 1 // 4. maitrAyaNyAraNyaka 67 // hI 5. tulanA karo-prakriyAkaumudI bhAga 2, pRSTha 600 ke pATha ke sAtha /

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pANinIya aSTAdhyAyo meM smRta AcAya 181 arthAt zAkaTAyana ke mata zabda tIna prakAra ke haiM / jAtizabda, guNazabda aura kriyAzabda / yadRcchA zabda usake mRta meM nahIM haiM / mahAbhASyakAra ne yadRcchA zabdoM kI sattA svIkAra karake bhI siddhAnta rUpa se na santi yadRcchAzabdAH svIkAra kiyA hai|' mImAMsaka bhI yadRcchA zabdoM ko svIkAra nahIM karate / dra0 - lokavedAdhikAraNa 13 | adhi0 5 10 / 13 upasarga - 20 upasarga prAyaH saba AcAryoM ko sammata haiM / parantu zAkaTAyana AcArya ' accha' 'zrad' aura 'antara' ina tIna ko bhI upasarga mAnatA hai / isa viSaya meM bRhaddevatA 2265 meM zaunaka likhatA hai-- praccha zradantarityetAn zrAcAryaH zAkaTAyanaH / upasargAn kriyAyogAn mene te tu trayo'dhikAH // pANini ne ' accha' 'zrat' aura 'antara' kI kevala gati saMjJA mAnI hai / kAtyAyana ne 'zrat' aura 'antara' zabda kI upasarga saMjJA kA bhI vidhAna kiyA hai / " 15 arcerer ke anya grantha 1. devata grantha - hama pUrva likha cuke haiM ki zaunaka ne bRhaddevatA meM zAkaTAyana ke devatA viSayaka aneka mata uddhRta kiye haiM / ataH pratIta hotA hai / zAkaTAyana ne Rgveda kI kisI zAkhA kI devatAnukramaNI sadRza koI grantha racA thA / 2. nirukta - isa ke lie kauNDa bhaTTa kRta vaiyAkaraNabhUSaNasAra kI kAzikA vyAkhyA pRSTha 263 dekhanA cAhie / wd 3. koSa - kezava ne apane nAnArthArNavasaMkSepa meM zAkaTAyana ke koSaviSayaka aneka uddharaNa diye haiM jina se vidita hotA hai ki zAkaTAyana ne koI koSa grantha bhI racA thA / 25 1. dra0 - Rk sUtrabhASya / 2. zracchabdasyopasaMkhyAnam / mahAbhApya 1 / 4 / syAGkividhisamAsaNatveSUpasaMkhyAnam / mahAbhASya 1 / 4 / 64 // 3. zvazrUH zvazurayoSiti / pitRsvasArastvasyArthaM vyAcaSTe zAkaTAyanaH / bhAga 1, pRSTha 19 // ityAdi / 58 // anta zabdA: 30

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182 saMskRtavyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 4. Rktantra-nAgeza bhaTTa laghuzabdenduzekhara ke prArambha meM R. tantra ko zAkaTAyana-praNIta kahatA hai|' sAmavedIya sarvAnukramaNo ke racayitA kisI haradatta kA bhI yaho mata hai|' bhaTToji dIkSita aura arvAcIna pANinIya zikSA ke donoM TIkAkAra Rktantra ko prAcArya audavaji-viracita mAnate haiN|' 5. lagha-Rktantra-kinhIM ke mata meM yaha zAkaTAyanapraNIta hai, parantu yaha ThIka nahIM hai / isa meM pRSTha 46 para pANini kA ullekha milatA hai| pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI ke anusAra zAkaTAyana pANini se prAcIna hai| 6. sAmatantra-kaI ise zAkaTAyana kRta mAnate haiM, kaI gArgya kRta' / sAmavedAnukramaNI kA kartA haradatta ise praudavaji-viracita mAnatA hai / ' 7. paJcapAdI-uNAdisUtra-zvetavanavAsI tathA nAgeza bhaTTa Adi katipaya arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa paJcapAdI uNAdi zAkaTAyana15 viracita mAnate haiM / nArAyaNa bhaTTa Adi katipaya vidvAn ise pANinIya svIkAra karate haiN| hama Upara likha cake haiM ki zAkaTAyana aneka dhAtUmoM se eka padakI vyutpatti darzAtA hai, parantu samasta paJcapAdI uNAdi meM eka bhI zabda aisA nahIM hai, jisa kI aneka dhAtuoM se vyutpatti darzAI ho / 2. ataH ye uNAdi sUtra zAkaTAyana-praNIta nahIM haiN| isa para vizeSa vicAra uNAdi ke prakaraNa meM kiyA hai| zrAddhakalpa --hemAdri ne caturvargacintAmaNi meM zAkaTAyana ke zrAddhakalpa kA eka vacana uddhRta kiyA hai| yaha grantha isa samaya aprApya hai / ataH isa ke viSaya meM hama kucha vizeSa nahIM jAnate / 25 1. dekho pUrva pRSTha 73 Ti0 6 / 2. dekho pUrva pRSTha 74 Ti0 / / 3. yeyaM zAkaTAyanAdibhiH paJcapAdI viracitA / uNAdivRtti pRSTha 1,2 / 4. pUrva pRTha 176 Ti0, 2 / 5. akAramukurastyAdI ukAraM daduMrasya ca / babhAga pANinistau tu vyatyayenAha bhojarAT / uNAdivRtti pRSTha 10 / 30 6. pUrva pRSTha 178 Ti0 4 /

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pANinIya apTAdhyAyo meM smRta prAcAya 183 ina granthoM meM se prathama do grantha vaiyAkaraNa zAkaTAyana viracita pratIta hote haiM / zeSa granthoM kA racayitA sandigdha hai / 8-zAkalya (3100 vi0 pUrva) pANini ne zAkalya prAcArya kA mata aSTAdhyAyI meM cAra bAra uddhRta kiyA hai|' zaunaka' aura kAtyAyana ne bhI apane prAtizAkhyoM 5 meM zAkalya ke matoM kA ullekha kiyA hai / RkprAtizAkhya meM zAkala ke nAma se uddhRta samasta niyama zAkalya ke hI haiN| mahAbhASyakAra ne 6 / 1 / 127 meM zAkalya ke niyama kA zAkala nAma se ullekha kiyA hai / lakSmIdhara ne gArhasthya kANDa pRSTha 166 meM zAkalya ke kisI vyAkaraNa saMbandhI niyama kI ora saMketa kiyA hai| zAkalya kA zAkala nAmAntara se bhI kvacita ullekha milatA hai| isa nAma meM 'zakala' se prautsargika 'aN' pratyaya jAnanA cAhiye / paricaya zAkalya pada taddhitapratyAyAnta hai, tadanusAra zAkalya ke pitA kA nAma zakala thaa| pANini ne zakala pada gargAdigaNa meM par3hA hai| 15 1. sambuddhau zAkasyasyetAvanArSe / aSTA0 111 / 16 / iko'savaNe zAkalyasya hrasvazca / aSTA 6 / 1 / 127 // lopaH zAkalyasya / aSTA0 8 / 3 // 16 // sarvatra zAkalyasya / 8 / 4 // 51 // 2. RkprAti0 3 / 13,22 // 4 // 13 // ityAdi / 3. vAja0 prAti0 3 // 10 // 4. RkprAti0 6 / 14,20,27 ityAdi / 5. sinnityasamAsayoH zAkalapratiSedho vaktavyaH / isa vArtika meM aSTA0 6 / 1 / 127 meM nirdiSTa zAkalya mata kA pratiSedha kiyA hai| 6. hArIta sUtra 'jAtaputrAyAdhAnam' ko uddhRta karake lakSmIdhara likhatA hai-jAtaputrAyAdhAnamityatra jAtaputrazabda: prathamAbahuvacanAntaH zAkalya matA- 25 zrayeNa yakArapAThaH arthAta 'jAtaputrAH AdhAnama' meM zAkalya mata se visarga ko yakAra ho gayA hai| ____7. punaruktAni lupyante padAnItyAha zAkalaH / kAtya0 prAti0 4 / 177, 181 TIkA meM uddhRta prAcIna zloka / 8. gargAdibhyo yan / aSTA0 4 / 1 / 105 //

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184 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa aneka zAkalya-saMskRta vAGamaya meM zAkalya,' sthavira zAkalya' vidagdha zAkalya' aura vedamitra (devamitra) zAkalya ye cAra nAma upalabdha hote haiN| pANinIya sUtrapATha meM smRta zAkalya aura Rgveda kA padakAra vedamitra zAkalya nizcaya hI eka vyakti hai, kyoMki 5 RkpadapATha meM vyavahata kaI niyama pANini ne zAkalya ke nAma se uddhRta kiye haiM / RkprAtizAkhya paTala 2 sUtra 81,82 kI uvvaTa vyAkhyA ke anusAra zAkalya aura sthavira zAkalya bhinna bhinna vyakti pratIta hote haiN| jisa vidagdha zAkalya ke sAtha yAjJavalkya kA janakasabhA meM zAstrArtha huaA thA vaha bho bhinna vyakti hai / vAyu (ma0 60 / 32) Adi purANoM meM vedamitra (devamitra) zAkalya ko yAjJavalkya kA pratidvandva kahA gayA hai| kaI zAkalya ko aitareya mahohAsa se bhA pUrvavartI mAnate haiM / yaha ThIka nahIM hai (dra0 pRSTha 183) / zAkalya aura zaunakoM kA saMbandha pANini ne kArtakaujapAdi gaNa (6 / 2 / 37) meM zAkalazunakAH pada 15 par3hA hai| kAzikAkAra ke matAnusAra yahAM zAkalya ke ziSyoM aura zunaka ke putroM kA dvandva samAsa hai / isa udAharaNa se vidita hotA hai ki zAkalya ziSyoM aura zunaka putroM (zonaka) kA koI ghaniSTha sambandha thaa| sambhava hai isI kAraNa zonaka ne zAkala caraNa kA prAtizAkhya tathA anuvAkAnukramaNI, devatAnukramaNI, chandonukramaNI 20 Adi 10 anukramaNiyAM likhI hoN| kAla pANini ne brahmajJAnanidhi gRhapati zaunaka ko uddhRta kiyA hai|" 1. dekho isI pRSTha kI Ti0 2 / / 2. RkprAti0 2081 // 3. zatapatha 14 / 6 / 6 / 1 // 25 4. RkprAti0 1151 // vAyupurANa 62 / 63 pUnA saM0 / viSNu purANa 34 // 20 // brahmANDa purANa 35 / 1 / / baMbaI saMska / 5. aSTA0 111316,17,18 ke niym| 6. tAsAM zAkalpasya sthavirasya matena kiJciducyate / RkprAti0 TIkA 2181 // itarA'smAkaM zAka lAnAM sthitiH / RprAti0 TIkA 2 / 2 // ko 7. zaunakAdibhyachandasi / aSTA0 4 / 3 / 106 //

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24 pANinIya aSTAdhyAyo meM smRta zrAcArya 185. zaunaka ne RkprAtizAkhya meM zAkalya tathA usa ke vyAkaraNa ke mata udadhRta kiye haiM / ' zaunaka ne mahArAja adhisIma kRSNa ke rAjyakAla meM naimiSAraNya meM kiye gaye kisI dvAdazAha satra meM Rk prAtizAkhya kA pravacana kiyA thA / ataH zaunaka kA kAla vikrama se lagabhaga 2600 varSa pUrva nizcita hai / tadAnusAra zAkalya usase bho prAcIna 5 vyakti hai / mahAbhArata anuzAsanaparva 14 meM sUtrakAra zAkalya kA ullekha hai, vaha vaiyAkaraNa zAkalya pratIta hotA hai / zAkalya ne zAkala caraNa tathA usake padapATha kA pravacana kiyA thA / mahidAsa aitareya ne aitareya brAhmaNa kA pravacana kiyA hai / praSTAghyAyI 4 | 3 | 105 ke 'purANaprokteSu brAhmaNakalpeSu' sUtra kI 10 kAzikAdivRttiyoM ke anusAra aitareya brAhmaNa pANini kI dRSTi meM purANaprokta hai| isa kI puSTi chAndogya upaniSad aura jaiminIya upaniSad brAhmaNa se bhI hotI hai / chAndogya 35 6 7 meM likhA hai'etaddha sma ve tadvidvAnAha mahidAsa aitareya: sa ha SoDazavarSazata 1 majIvat " / jaiminIya upaniSad brAhmaNa 4 / 2 / 11 meM likhA hai - ' etaddha 15 tadvidvAn brAhmaNa ucAva mahidAsa aitareya: sa ha SoDazavarSazataM jijIva' / ina uddharaNoM meM 'Aha' 'uvAca' aura 'jijIva' parokSabhUta kI kriyAoM kA ullekha hai / ina se pratIta hotA hai ki mahidAsa aitareya chAndogya upaniSad aura jaiminIya upaniSad brAhmaNa ke pravacana se bahuta pUrva ho cukA thA / chAndogya upaniSad aura jaiminIya upaniSad 20 kA pravacana vikrama se lagabhaga 3100 varSa pUrva pravazya huA thA / ataH mahiMdAsa aitareya vikrama se 3500 varSa pUrva avazya huprA hogA / aitareya brAhmaNa 14 / 5 meM eka pATha hai - yadasya pUrvamaparaM tadasya yadvasyAparaM tadvasya pUrvam / zraheriva sarpaNaM zAkalasya na vijAnanti / isa vacana ke AdhAra para zAkalya kA kAla mahidAsa aitareya se 1. pUrva pRSTha 183, Ti0 2 / 2. vaidika vAGmaya kA itihAsa bhAga 1, pRSTha 373 ( dvi0 saM0) / 3. gaGgAnAtha jhA ne SoDazazatam kA artha 1600 varSa kiyA hai| yaha 25 azuddha hai / isa kA kAraNa saMskRtabhASA ke vAgvyavahAra ko na jAnanA hai / zuddha 30 artha 116 varSa hai /

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5 186 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa prAcIna mAnanA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki aitareya AraNyaka ke paMcama prapAThaka ke samAna aitareya brAhmaNa kI antima do paJjikAeM arvAcIna haiM / unheM zaunaka prokta mAnA jAtA hai| itanA hI nahIM, aitareya brAhmaNa kA vartamAna pravacana bhI zaunaka dvArA pariSkRta hai / ataH jaba taka kisI dRr3hatara pramANa se yaha pramANita na ho jAve ki aitareya brAhmaNa kA ukta pATha aitareya kA hI pravacana hai, pariSkartA zaunaka kA nahIM, taba taka isa vacana ke AdhAra para zAkalya ko aitareya se prAcIna nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / aitareya brAhmaNa ke vacana kA artha - sAyaNa ne aitareya brAhmaNa ke 10 uparyukta vacana kA artha na samajha kara likhA hai - zAkala zabda sarpa vizeSa kA vAcI hai / zAkala nAma ke sarpa kI jaisI gati hai vaise hI agniSToma kI haiM / SaDguruziSya kA bhI yahI bhAva hai / ye donoM vyAkhyAeM nitAnta zrazuddha haiN| yahAM ukta vacana kA abhiprAya itanA hI hai ki zAkala caraNa ke Adi aura anta arthAt upakrama aura upa15 saMhAra ke samAna hone se usa ko gati arthAt pradyanta kI pratIta nahIM hoto / zAkala caraNa ke prathama maNDala meM 191 sUkta haiM aura dazama maNDala meM bhI 191 sUkta haiM / yahI upakrama aura upasaMhAra ko samAnatA yahAM agniSToma se darzAI hai / hamAre vicAra meM prAcArya zAkalya kA kAla vikrama se 3100 pUrva 20 hai / 30 zAkalya kA vyAkaraNa pANini aura prAtizAkhyoM meM uddhRta matoM ke anuzIlana se pratIta hotA hai ki zAkalya ke vyAkaraNa meM laukika vaidika ubhayavidhe zabdoM kA anvAkhyAna thA / 25 kavIndrAcArya ke pustakAlaya kA jo sUcIpatra bar3odA kI gAyakavAr3a granthamAlA meM prakAzita huA hai, usameM zAkala vyAkaraNa kA ullekha hai / ' sambhava hai vaha koI arvAcIna grantha ho / 1. zAkalyazabdaH sarpavizeSavAcI / zAkalanAmno'he : sarpa vizeSasya yathA sarpaNaM gamanaM tathaivAyamagniSTomaH / 2. sarpa: zAkalanAmA tu bAlaM dRSTvA dRDhaM mukhe / cakravanmaNDalIbhUtaH sarpanahiH paridRzyate // 3. pRSTha 3 /

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pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI meM smRta prAcArya 187 kaI vidvAnoM kA mata hai ki zAkalya ne koI vyAkaraNazAstra nahIM racA thaa| pANini Adi vaiyAkaraNoM ne zAkalyakRta RkpadapATha se una niyamoM kA saMgraha kiyA hai| yaha mata ayukta hai / pANini Adi ne zAkalya ke kaI aise mata uddhRta kiye haiM jinakA saMgraha padapATha se nahIM ho sakatA / yathA-iko'savaNe zAkalyasya lasvazca', kumArI 5 pratra / yahAM saMhitA meM prakRtibhAva tathA hrasvatva kA vidhAna hai| padapATha meM saMhitA kA abhAva hotA hai / ataH aisa niyama usake vyAkaraNa se hI saMgRhIta ho sakate haiN| _anya grantha zAkala caraNa-purANoM meM vedamitra zAkalya ko zAkala caraNa kI 10 pAMca zAkhAoM kA pravaktA likhA hai| RkprAtizAkhya 4 / 4 meM zaunaka ne 'vipAchutudrI payasA javete Adi meM zrUyamANa chakArAdeza kA vidhAna zAkalya ke pitA ke nAma se kiyA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki zAkalya ne Rgveda kI prAcIna saMhitA kA kevala pravacana mAtra kiyA hai, parivartana nahIM kiyA / anyathA isa niyama kA ullekha usake pitA 15 ke nAma se nahIM hotaa| padapATha-zAkalya ne Rgveda kA padapATha racA thaa| usa kA ullekha nirukta 6 / 28 meM milatA hai| vAyupurANa 60 / 63 meM vedamitra zAkalya ko padavittama kahA hai| isa se spaSTa hai ki zAkala caraNa pravartaka ne hI padapATha kI racanA kI hai / Rgveda ke padapATha meM vyavahRta 20 kucha viziSTa niyama pANini ne 'saMbuddhau zAkalyasyetAvanArSe, utraH u~ sUtroM meM uddhRta kiye haiM / ataH vaiyAkaraNa zAkalya aura zAkala caraNa tathA usake padapATha kA pravaktA nissaMdeha eka vyakti hai| 1. aSTA0 6 // 1 // 127 / / 2. vedamitrastu zAkalyo mahAtmA dvijasattamaH / cakAra saMhitAH paJca 25 buddhimAn padavittamaH // vAyupurANa 60 / 63 // 3. R0 3 / 33 / 1 // 4. sarvaiH prathamairupadhIyamAnaH zakAra: zAkalyapituzchakAram / 5. vA iti ca ya iti ca cakAra zAkalyaH, udAttaM tvevamAkhyAtamabhaviSyat / 6. dra0 isI pRSTha kI Ti. 2 / 30 7. vAyo iti 112 // 1 // OM iti 112418 // 8. aSTA0 111116-18 //

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5 10 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa zAkalyakRta padasaMhitA kA ullekha mahAbhASya 114 | 84 meM milatA hai / ' zAkalyakRta padapATha kA eka niyama zuklayajuH prAtizAkhya ke vyAkhyA - kAra uvvaTa ne uddhRta kiyA hai / " 188 mAdhyandina padapATha - isa padapATha kA pravacana bhI zAkalyakRta hai / aiziyATika sosAiTI kalakattA ke pustakAlaya meM eka mAdhyandina saMhitA ke padapATha kA hastalekha vidyamAna hai / usake anta meM use zAkalyakRta likhA hai / anya grantha sAkSya ke abhAva meM anusaMdhAtA loga ise pramAda pATha mAna kara upekSA karate rahe / parantu jaba hameM saM0 15 2020 meM hamAre mitra zrI paM0 madanamohana vyAsa ( kekar3I - rAjasthAna ) 25 caraNavyUha pariziSTa ke vyAkhyAtA mahidAsa ke matAnusAra zAkalya ne Rgveda ke saMhitA, pada, krama, jaTA aura daNDa-pATha ko vAtsyAdi ziSyoM ke liye pravacana kiyA thaa| kyA vAyupurANa 60 / 63 meM kahI gaI pAMca saMhitAeM ye hI haiM ? saMdeha kA kAraNa yaha hai, ina pAThoM ke liye bhI pada saMhitA, krama-saMhitA Adi kA prayoga hotA hai| ne vi0 sa0 1471 kA likhA saMpUrNa padapATha hameM diyA taba hameM yaha dekhakara atyanta Azcarya huA ki usake antima 10 adhyAyoM ke anta meM zAkalyakRte kA spaSTa nirdeza vidyamAna haiN| yaha padapATha kucha avAntara niyamoM se bhinnatA rakhatA hai / hamane mAdhyandina saMhitA ke 20 padapATha kA jo saMzodhita saMskaraNa chApA hai usa meM isa viSaya para vistAra se vivecanA kI hai / hamArA mata hai ki mAdhyandina padapATha bhI zAkalya kRta hai / 9 - senaka ( 2950 vi0 pUrva 0 ) pANini ne senaka AcArya kA ullekha kevala eka sUtra meM kiyA 1. zAkalyena sukRtAM saMhitAmanunizamya devaH prAvarSat / 2. dekho pUrva pRSTha 164 | 3. zAkalyaH saMhitA -pada- krama- jaTA - daNDarUpaM ca paJcadhA vyAsaM kRtvA - vAtsyamudgalazAlIyagosatyazizirebhyo dadau / caukhambAsIrIjamudrita zuklayaju:30 prAtizAkhya ke anta meM / pRSTha 3

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pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI meM smRta prAcArya 186 hai / ' aSTAdhyAyI se atirikta isa prAcArya kA kahIM ullekha nahIM milatA / ataH isake viSaya meM hama isase adhika kucha nahIM jAnate / 10 - sphoTAyana - audumbarAyaNa ( 2950 vi0 pUrva ) AcArya sphoTAna kA nAma pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI meM eka sthAna para uddhRta hai| isa ke atirikta isa kA kahIM ullekha nahIM milatA / paricaya 10 padamaJjarIkAra haradatta kAzikA 6 / 1 / 123 kI vyAkhyA meM likhatA hai / sphoTosyanaM parAyaNaM yasya sa sphoTAyanaH, sphoTapratipAdanaparo vaiyAkaraNAcAryaH / ye tvaukAraM paThanti te naDAdiSu zrazvAdiSu vA (sphoTazabdasya ) pAThaM manyante / " 15 isa vyAkhyA ke anusAra prathama pakSa meM yaha prAcArya vaiyAkaraNoM ke mahattvapUrNa sphoTa tattva kA upajJAtA thA / ata eva vaha vaiyAkaraNa - nikAya meM sphoTAyana nAma se prasiddha huA / isa kA vAstavika nAma aba jJAta ho cukA hai vaha hai praudumbarAyaNa / ataH yaha pakSa cintya hai / dvitIya pakSa (sphoTAyana pATha) meM isake pUrvaja kA nAma sphoTa thA / sphoTa yA sphoTAyana kA ullekha hameM kisI prAcIna grantha meM nahIM milaa| 20 prAcArya hemacandra apane abhidhAnacintAmaNi koza likhatA hai - sphoTAyane tu kakSIvAn / * isI prakAra kezava bhI nAnArthArNa - vasaMkSepa meM - 'sphoTAyanastu kakSIvAn / " likhatA hai / ina uddharaNoM se 25 itanA vyakta hotA hai ki sphoTAyana kakSIvAn kA nAma thA / kyA yahAM kakSIvAn pada se uzik-putra kakSIvAn abhipreta hai ? * 1. girezca senakasya / zraSTA0 5|4|112 || 2. avaDa sphoTAyanasya / aSTA0 6|1|123 // 3. padamaJjarI bhAga 2, pRSTha 484 / 4. pRSTha 340 / 5. pRSTha 83, loka 136 // 30

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5 saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa nAma kA nizcaya - hemacandra aura kezava ke uddharaNoM se pratIta hotA hai ki isa prAcArya kA sphoTAyana nAma ThIka hai, na ki / sphoTAyana | 160 30 vaimAnika prAcArya-bharadvAja AcArya kRta yantrasarvasva antargata vaimAnika prakaraNa ke prakAza meM Ane se sphoTAyana bhI vimAnazAstravizeSajJa ke rUpa meM prakaTa hue haiM / bharadvAja kA eka sUtra hai citriNyeveti sphoTAyanaH / isa kI vyAkhyA meM likhA hai ---- taduktaM zaktisarvasve - vaimAnikagativaicitryAdidvAtriMzati kriyAyoge 10 ekaiva citriNI zaktyalamiti zAstre nirNItaM bhavati ityanubhavataH zAstrAcca manyate sphoTAyanAcArya: / ' isa sUtra aura vyAkhyA se spaSTa hai ki sphoTAyana prAcArya eka mahAn vaijJAnika AcArya thA / kAla 15 pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI meM sphoTAyana kA nirdeza hone se yaha zrAcArya vikrama se 2650 varSa prAcIna hai, yaha spaSTa hai / yadi hemacandra aura kezava kA lekha ThIka ho aura kakSIvAn se uzik- putra kakSIvAn abhipreta ho to isakA kAla isa se kucha adhika prAcIna hogA / bharadvAjIya vimAnazAstra meM sphoTAyana kA ullekha hone se bho sphoTAyana 20 kA kAla prAcIna siddha hotA hai / bharata mizra ne sphoTa-tattva ke prati - pAdaka kA nAma zradumbarAyaNa likhA hai / kyA kakSIvAn aura praudumbarAyaNa kA paraspara kucha saMbandha sambhava ho sakatA hai ? yAska ne apane nirukta 112 meM audumbarAyaNa kA mata uddhRta kiyA hai / " vahAM TIkAkAroM ke matAnusAra praudumbarAyaNa ke mata meM zabda kA anityatva 25 darzAyA gayA hai / parantu vAkyapadIya 2 / 343 se jJAta hotA hai ki dumbarAyaNa AcArya zabda nityatvavAdI hai / vaha eka prakhaNDa vAkya 1. bRhad vimAnazAstra, zrI svAmI brahmamuni sampAdita, pRSTha 74 / 2. bhagavadodumbarAyaNAdyupadiSTA khaNDabhAvamapi apalapitam / sphoTa siddhi pRSTha 1 / 3. idriya nityaM vacanamaudumbarAyaNaH -1

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pANinoya aSTAdhyAyo meM smRta prAcArya 191 sphoTa kA pratipAdana karatA hai / isa dRSTi se nirukta meM pradarzita doSa akhaNDa vAkya sphoTa meM bhI tadavastha hI rahate haiM / ataH bhartRhari ke matAnusAra nirukta TIkAkAroM kI vyAkhyA azuddha jAnanI cAhiye / bhartRhari kA etadviSayaka vacana isa prakAra hai vAkyasya buddhau nityatvamarthayogaM ca zAzvatam / / dRSTvA catuSTvaM nAstIti vArtAkSaudumbarAyaNau // vAkya0 2 / 343 // isa siddhAnta kA vizada pratipAdana prathamavAra DA0 satyakAma varmA ne apane 'saMskRta vyAkaraNa kA udbhava aura vikAsa' nAmaka grantha meM (pRSTha 119-122) kiyA hai / sphoTa-tatva yadi haradatta kI prathama vyAkhyA ThIka ho to nizcaya hI vaiyAkaraNoM ke sphoTatattva kA upajJAtA yahI AcArya hogA sphoTavAda vaiyAkaraNoM kA pradhAnavAda hai / unake zabda nityatvavAda kA yahI AdhAra hai| mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali ke lekhAnusAra sphoTa dravya hai, dhvani usa kA 15 guNa hai|' naiyAyika aura mImAMsaka sphoTavAda kA khaNDana karate haiN| sphoTavAda atyanta prAcIna hai| bhAgavata purANa 17175 / 6 meM bhI sphoTa kA ullekha milatA hai| bharadvAjIya vimAnazAstra meM sphoTAyana prAcArya kA mata nirdiSTa hone se hameM isameM sandeha hotA thA ki sphoTAyana nAma kA kAraNa vaiyA- 20 karaNIya sphoTa padArtha hai / hamArA vicAra thA ki yaha nAma vimAna ke kisI viziSTa prakAra ke sphoTa se utpanna ayana=gati kA upajJAtA hone ke kAraNa ukta nAma se prasiddha huA hogaa| arthAt usane vimAnoM kI gati vizeSa ke lie kisI viziSTa prakAra ke sphoTa athavA sphoTaka dravyoM kA prathamataH prayoga kiyA hogaa| 25 yaha hamArA anumAnamAtra thA, parantu aba bhartRhari ke Upara uddhRta vacana se yaha spaSTa sA ho gayA hai ki prAcArya sphoTAyana sambhavataH zAbdikoM meM prasiddha sphoTa tattva kA Adya upajJAtA thaa| 1. evaM tarhi sphoTa: zabdaH, dhvaniH zabdaguNaH / 1 / 1 / 70 //

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192 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa adhyAya kA upasaMhAra ___ isa adhyAya meM pANinIya tantra meM smRta 10.. daza prAcAryoM kA varNana kiyA hai| pUrva adhyAya , meM varNita. prAcAryoM ko milAkara pANini se prAcIna 26 chabIsa vaiyAkaraNa AcAryoM kA ullekha 5 prAcIna saMskRta vAGamaya meM upalabdha hotA hai / aba agale adhyAya meM bhAratIya vAGamaya meM suprasiddha prAcArya / pANini aura usake zabdAnuzAsana kA varNana kreNge|

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pAMcavAM adhyAya pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana (2900 vikrama pUrva) saMskRta bhASA ke jitane prAcIna ArSa vyAkaraNa bane, una meM samprati ekamAtra pANinIya vyAkaraNa sAGgopAGga rUpa meM upalabdha 5 hotA hai| yaha prAcIna ArSa vAGamaya kI eka anupama nidhi hai| isa se vedavANI kA prAcIna aura arvAcIna aura samasta vAGamaya sUrya ke pAloka kI bhAMti prakAzamAna hai / isa kI atyanta sundara, susambaddha aura sUkSmatama padArtha ko dhotita karane kI kSamatApUrNa racanA ko dekhane vAlA pratyeka vidvAn isako muktakaNTha se prazaMsA karane lagatA hai| 1. bhAratIya prAcIna AcAryoM ke sUkSmacintana suparipakva jJAna aura adbhuta pratibhA kA nidarzana karAne vAlA yaha anupama grantha hai| isa se vedavANI parama gauravAnvita hai| saMsAra bhara meM kisI bhI itara prAcIna athavA arvAcIna bhASA kA aisA pariSkRta vyAkaraNa Aja taka nahIM bnaa| paricaya pANini ke nAmAntara-trikANDazeSa meM puruSottamadeva ne pANini ke nimna paryAya likhe haiN|' (1) pANina, (2) pANini, (3) dAkSIputra, (4) zAlaGki (5) zAlAturIya, (6) Ahika / ___ zlokAtmaka pANinIya zikSA ke yAjuSa-pATha meM (7) pANineya' nAma bhI upalabdha hotA hai / yazastilaka campU meM (8) paNiputra zabda kA bhI vyavahAra milatA hai| 1. pANinistvAhiko dAkSIputra: shaalngkipaanninau| zAlottarIya ..... / tulanA karo--sAlAturIyako dAkSIputraH pANinirAhikaH / vaijayantI, pRSTha 65 / 25 2. dAkSIputraH pANineyo yenedaM vyAhRtaM bhuvi / pRSTha 38 (monamohana / ghoSa sN0)| 3. paNiputra iva padaprayogeSu / pAzvAsa 2, pRSTha 236 /

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164 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 1. pANina-isa nAma kA ullekha kAzikA 6 / 2 / 14 tathA cAndravRtti 2 / 2 / 68 meM milatA hai|' yaha paNin nakArAnta zabda se apatya artha meM aN pratyaya hokara niSpanna hotA hai| isa kA nirdeza aSTAdhyAyI 6 / 4 / 165 meM bhI milatA hai / 'pANinIya' zabda kI mUla prakRti bhI pANina akArAnta zabda hai| usa se 'cha' (Iya) pratyaya hokara 'pANinIya' prayoga upapanna hotA hai| ataH mahAbhASya meM nirdiSTa pANininA proktaM pANinIyam vacana artha pradarzana paraka hai, vigraha pradarzaka nahIM hai| ikArAnta pANini zabda se inazca (4 / 2 / 112) ke niyama se proktArtha meM aN pratyaya hokara pANina zabda upapanna hotA hai| yathA prApizali aura kAzakRtsni zabdoM se 'Apizalam' aura 'kAzakRtsnam' zabda upapanna hote haiN|' bhaTToji dIkSita ne 'pANini' zabda se 'pANinIya' kI upapatti darzAI hai, vaha cintya hai / tulanA karo pANina (cha) =pANinIya, pANini (aN) =pANina / 15 prApizala (cha) =prApizalIya prApizali (aN) prApizala / kAzakRtsna (cha)=kAzakRtsnIya, kAzakRtsni (aNa) = kAzakRtsna / 2. pANini-yaha granthakAra kA lokavizruta nAma hai| isa nAma kI vyutpatti ke viSaya meM vaiyAkaraNoM meM do mata haiM (ka) 'paNin' se apatyArtha meM aN hokara 'pANina', usase punaH 20 apatyArtha meM 'i' hokara 'pANini' prayoga niSpanna hotA haiN| 1. pANinopajJamakAlakaM vyAkaraNam / tulanA karo-pANino bhaktirasya pANinIyaH / kAzikA 4 // 3 // 66 // 2. gAthividathikezigaNipaNinazca / 3. pANinIyamiti-pANinazabdAt vRddhAcchaH (4 / 2 / 114) iti chaH / nyAsa 4 / 3 / 101 // 4. ApizalaM kAzakRtsnamiti - prApizalikAza 25 kRtsnizabdAbhyAmanazca (4 / 2 / 112) ityaN / nyAsa 413 / 101 // isa para vizeSa vicAra kAzakRtsna ke prakaraNa meM (pRSTha 117) kara cuke haiN| 'prApizalIyam', 'kAzakRtsnIyam' zabda akArAnta Apizala aura kAzakRtsna se niSpanna hote haiN| 5. pANino'patyamityaN pANinaH / pANinasyApatyaM yuveti in pANiniH / kaiyaTa mahAbhASyapradIpa 111173 // paNino gotrApatyaM 30 pANinaH / bAlamanoramA bhAga 1 pRSTha 392 (lAhaura sNskrnn)|

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pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana 165 (kha) 'paNin' nakArAnta kA paryAya 'paNina' akArAnta svatantra zabda haiM / usa se prata iJ (4 / 1 / 95) ke niyama se 'iJ' hokara pANini zabda upapanna hotA hai|' pANini ke lie prayukta 'paNiputra' zabda bho isI kA jJApaka hai ki pANini 'paNin' (nakArAnta) kA kA apatya hai, 'pANina' kA nahIM / 'paNin' nakArAnta se bhI bahvAdi 5 (4 / 1 / 66) prAkRtigaNatva se iJ pratyaya sambhava hai| hamAre vicAra meM dvitIya mata adhika yukta hai| kyoMki prakaraNoM meM pANina aura pANini donoM hI nAma gotrarUpa meM smRta haiM / ' prathama pakSa mAnane para 'pANina' gotra hogA aura 'pANini' yuvA / yadi aisA hotA to yuvapratyayAnta 'pANini' kA gotrarUpa se ullekha 10 na hotaa| ___ yadi 'pANina' 'pANini' ko kramazaH gotra aura yuva pratyayAnta mAne taba bhI prAcIna vyavahAra ke anusAra mAtA pitA ke jIvita rahate hue yuva pratyayAnta nAmoM se vyavahRta hote haiM, kintu una ke svargavAsa ke pazcAt gotra pratyayAnta kA hI prayoga hotA hai / yahI pramukha 15 kAraNa hai ki eka vyakti ke yuva-gotra pratyayAnta do-do nAma prAcIna granthoM meM upalabdha hote haiM / yathA-kAtyAyana kAtya / 3. pANineya-isa kA prayoga zlokAtmaka pANinIya zikSA ke yAjuSa pATha meM hI upalabdha hotA hai, aura vaha bhI pAThAntara rUpa meN| isa zikSA kI zikSAprakAza nAmnI TIkA meM likhA hai-- 20 pANineya iti pAThe zubhrAditvaM kalpyam / arthAt--pANineya prayoga kI siddhi zubhrAdibhyazca (4 / 1 / 123) sUtra nirdiSTa gaNa ko prAkRtigaNa mAnakara karanI caahie| . 4. paNiputra-isa kA prayoga yazastilaka campU meM milatA hai / 1. paNinaH muniH / pANiniH paNinaH putrH| kAzakRtsna dhAtuvyAkhyAna 25 11206 / tathA yahI grantha 11480 // donoM sthAnoM para prakArAnta pATha azuddha . pratIta hotA hai| 2. isa para vizeSa vicAra anupada hI kiyA jAyagA / 3. dra0-cakAro'nuktasamuccAyArtha prAkRtigaNatAmasya bodhayati--gAGgeyaH . pANDaveya ityevamAdi siddhaM bhavati / kAzikA 4 / 1 / 123 //

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196 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 5. dAkSIputra--isa nAma kA ullekha mahAbhASya', samudragupta viracita kRSNacarita' zlokAtmaka pANinIya zikSA meM milatA hai / 6. zAlaGki--yaha pitRvyapadezaja nAma hai aisA ma0 ma0 paM0 zivadatta zarmA kA mata hai| pANini ke lie isa pada kA prayoga koza granthoM se anyatra hameM upalabdha nahIM huaa| pailAdigaNa (2 / 4 / 56) meM 'zAlaGki' pATha sAmarthya se zalaGa ku ko zalaGka Adeza aura iJ hotA __ pailAdi gaNa 2 / 4 / 56 meM paThita zAlati pada kA pANini ke sAtha saMbandha hai athavA nahIM, yaha hama nizcayapUrvaka nahIM kaha sakate, 10 parantu itanA nizcita hai ki vaha prAgdezIya gotra nahIM thaa| mahA bhASya 4160,165 meM zAlaGka! nazchAtrA: zAlaGkAH pATha upalabdha hotA hai / yahAM zAlaGki pada aSTAdhyAyo 2 / 4 / 56 ke niyama se zAlaGki ke apatya kA vAcaka hai / zAlati kA apatya zAlaGkAyana aura usakA apatya zAlaGkAyani kahA jAtA hai| aisA kAzakRtsna 15 dhAtupATha ke TIkATAra cannavora kavi kA kathana hai| kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha meM zalaki (ka) svatantra dhAtu par3I hai / zAlaGkAyana-prokta grantha ke adhyayana karane vAle zAlaGkAyaniyoM kA nirdeza lATyAyana zrauta meM upalabdha hotA hai| eka zAlaGkAyana gotra kauzika anvaya meM bhI hai| isa gotra ke 20 vyakti rAjanya hai|" kAzikA 4 / 3 / 125 meM bAbhravyazAlaGkAyanikA 1. sarve sarvapadAdezA dAkSIputrasya pANineH 1 / 1 / 20 // 2. dAkSIputravacovyAkhyApaTurmImAMsakAgraNI: / munikavivarNana zloka 16 / 3. zaMkaraH zAMkarI prAdAd dAkSIputrAya dhiimte| zloka 56 / 4. mahAbhASya navAhnika, nirNayasAgara saMska0 bhUmikA pRSTha 14 / 5. pailAdipATha eva jJApaka ino bhAvasya / kAzikA 41 // 66 6. anye pailAdaya inantAstebhyaH 'inaH' prAcAm' iti luke siddheprAgarthaH pATha, / kAzikA 24 // 56 // isI prakAra tattvabodhinI meM likhA hai| 7. zalaGkaH-brahmaNaH putraH / zAlaGkiH-zalaGkasya putrH| zAladvAyana:zalaGkaH putraH / zAlaGkAyani:-zAlaGkAyanasya putraH / (kAza0 dhAtumyAsyAnam 11494) // 8. kAza0 dhAtu. 1464 // 6. lATyA0 zrauta 48 // 20 // 10. zalaGku zalaGka cetyatra paThyate "gotravizeSa kauzike phakaM smaranti / kAzikA 41166 // 11. zAlakAyanA rAjanyAH / kAzikA 5 // 33110 //

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pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana 197 udAharaNa dvArA bAbhravyoM aura zAlakAyanoM kA virogha prardizata karAyA hai / kAzikA 6 / 2 / 37 meM bhI bAbhravazAlaGkAyanAH udAharaNa milatA hai / bAbhravya bhI kozika anvaya meM haiN| ataH ye zAlaGkAyani kauzika hI hoMgeM / kAzikA 551158 meM zAlaGgAyaniyoM ke tIna vibhAgoM kA nirdeza milatA hai|' ___7. zA (sA)lAturIya-pANini ke lie isa nAma kA nirdeza valabhI ke dhruvasena dvitIya ke saMvat 310 ke tAmrazAsana, bhAmaha ke kAvyAlaMkAra, kAzikAvivaraNa-paJjikA (nyAsa) tathA gaNaratnamahodadhi meM milatA hai| 8. mAhika-isa nAma ke viSaya meM hameM kucha jJAna nahIM aura na 10 hI isa kA prayoga koza se anyatra hameM upalabdha huaa| vaMza-hama pUrva likha cuke haiM ki paM0 zivadatta zarmA ne pANini kA zAlati nAma pitR-vyapadezaja mAnA hai aura pANini ke pitA kA nAma zalaGka likhA hai| gaNaratnAvalI meM yajJezvara bhaTTa ne bhI zAlati ke pitA kA nAma balaGka hI likhA hai| kaiyaTa haradatta" aura vardhamAna" 15 zAlaGki kA mUla zalaGku mAnate haiM / haradatta ne pANini pada kI vyutpatti isa prakAra darzAI hai [paNo'syAstIti paNI] paNino'patyamityaN..... [pANinaH], pANinasyApatyaM paNino yuveti iJ [pANiniH] / 2 yahI vyutpatti kayaTa mAdi anya vyAkhyAtA bhI mAnate haiN|" 20 1. madhubabhruvorbrAhmaNakauzikayoH / aSTA0 4 / 1 / 106 // 2: trikAH shaalngkaaynaaH| 6. rAjyasAlAturIyatantrayorubhayorapi niSNAtaH / 4. sAlAturIyapadametadanukrameNa / 662 // 5. zAlAturIyeNa prAk Thajazcha iti noktam / nyAsa 5 / 1 / 1 // bhAga 2, 25 pRSTha 3 // 6. zAlAturIyastatra bhavAn pANiniH / pRSTha 1 / 7. bhUmikA, mahA0 nava0 nirNayasAgara saMska0, pRSTha 14 / 8. hamArA hastalekha, pRSTha 122 / 6. mahAbhASya-pradIpa 4110 // 10. padamaJjarI 2 / 4 // 56 // 11. gaNaratnamahodadhi, pRSTha 115 / 12. padamaJjarI 1 / 1 / 73, bhAga 1, pRSTha 144 / 13. draSTavya pUrva pRSTha 164, Ti0 5 /

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198 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa vaiyAkaraNoM ko bhUla-uttarakAlIna kaiyaTa haradatta prAdi sabhI vaiyAkaraNa lakSaNakacakSu bana gye| unhoMne yathAkathamapi lakSaNAnusAra zabdasAdhutva batAne kI ceSTA kI, lakSya para unhoMne koI dhyAna nahIM diyA / hama pUrva likha cuke haiM ki pANina aura pANini donoM nAma eka vyakti ke lie prayukta hote haiN|' aisI avasthA meM pANina ko pANini kA pitA batAnA sAkSAt aitihyaviruddha hai / itanA hI nahIM, jisa pANini zabda ko yaha vaiyAkaraNa yuvApratyayAnta kahate haiM vaha to gotrapravara prakaraNa meM gotrarUpa se paThita hai| isalie pANini kA pitA pANina nahIM, apitu paNin hI hai aura isI kA dUsarA rUpa 10 paNina akArAnta hai| pataJjali ne mahAbhASya 121220 meM pANini kA dAkSIputra nAma se smaraNa kiyA hai| dAkSI pada gotrapratyayAnta 'dAkSi' kA strIliGga rUpa hai| isa se vyakta hotA hai ki pANini kI mAtA dakSa-kUla kI thii| 15 mAtRbandhuH-saMgrahakAra vyADi kA eka nAma dAkSAyaNa hai| tada nusAra vaha pANini kA mAmA kA putra=mamerA bhAI honA cAhie / parantu kAzikA 6 / 2 / 69 ke kumArIdAkSAH udAharaNa meM dAkSAyaNa ko hI dAkSi nAma se smaraNa kiyA hai / ataH prAcIna paddhati ke anusAra dAkSi aura dAkSAyaNa donoM hI nAma saMgrahakAra vyADi ke haiM / isalie 20 saMgrahakAra vyADi pANini kI mAtA kA bhAI aura pANini kA mAmA hI hai, yaha nizcita hai| vyADi pada krauDyAdi gaNa (4 / 1 / 80) meM par3hA hai, tadanusAra vyADi kI bhaginI dAkSI kA nAma vyADyA bhI hai, pANini kI mAtA dAkSo ke lie vyADyA kA prayoga anyatra upalabdha nahIM huA / isI nAma paramparA ke anusAra pANini ke nAnA 25 arthAt dAkSI ke pitA kA nAma vyaDa thaa| anuja-piGgala-kAtyAyanIya RksarvAnukramaNI ke vRttikAra SaDguruziSya vedArthadIpikA meM chandaHzAstra ke pravaktA piGgala ko . 1. draSTavya pUrva pRSTha 195-167 / 2. dekhie isI prakaraNa meM Age pANini gotra, pRSTha 204 / 30 3. dAkSIputrasya paannineH| 11 / 20 // 4. zobhanA khalu dAkSAyaNasya saMgrahasya kRtiH| mahA0 2 // 3 // 66 //

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pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana 169 pANini kA anuja likhA hai|' zlokAtmaka pANinIya kI zikSAprakAza nAmnI vyAkhyA ke racayitA kA bhI yahI mata hai / ' isa prakAra pANini ke pUre vaMza kA citra isa prakAra banatA hai vyaDa paNin+dAkSI'(vyADyA) dAkSi (vyADi) 5 piGgala pANina-pANini prAcArya-pANini ne apane zabdAnuzAsana meM do sthAnoM para bahuvacanAnta AcArya pada kA nirdeza kiyA hai| haradatta kA mata hai ki pANini bahuvacanAnta AcArya pada se apane guru kA ullekha karatA hai|' aitareya AraNyaka, zAMkhAyana AraNyaka', hArIta dharmasUtra, 10 yAskoya nirukta, taittirIya prAtizAkhya, Rtantra, pAtaJjala mahAbhASya," kauTalya arthazAstra, vAtsyAyana kAmasUtra aura kAmandakIya 1. tathA ca sUtryate bhagavatA piGgalena pANinyanujena 'kvacinnavakAzcatvAraH' (67) iti pribhaassaa| pRSTha 70 / 2. jyeSThabhrAtRbhivihito vyAkaraNe'nuja, statra bhagavAn piGgalAcAryastanmatamanubhAvya zikSAM vktuprtijaaniite| 15 zikSAsaMgraha, kAzI saMska0 385 / 3. aSTA0 7 // 3 // 46 // 8 // 4 // 52 // 4. prAcAryasya pANinerya prAcArya: sa ihAcArya:, gurutvAd bahuvacanam / pada. 7.3 / 46; bhAga 2, pRSTha 821 / 5. 3 / 26 // 6. nAntevAsine brUyAt..... nA pravaktatra ityaacaa:|8|11|| ___7. AhArazuddhau sattvazuddhirityAcAryA: / uddhRta kRtyakalpataru, brahmacArI- 20 kANDa,pRSTha 116 / 8. madhyamamityAcAryAH 7 // 22 // 6. AdirasyodAttasamaityAcAryAH 1 // 46 // 10. vAyu prakRtimAcAryAH / pRSTha 1 / 11. nahyAcAryA: sUtrANi kRtvA nivartayanti / 131 // prA0 1 // tadetadatyantaM . sandigdhaM vartate prAcAryANAm / 1|1aa0 2 // iheGgitena ceSTitena mahatA vA sUtraprabandhenAcAryANAmabhiprAyo lakSyate / 6 / 1 // 37 // 8 // 2 // 3 // 25 12. 1 // 4 // 2 // 6 // 3 // 4, 5, 7 ityAdi 36 sthAnoM para / 13. 112 // 21 // 1 / 317 ityAdi 10 sthAnoM para /

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5 200 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa nItisAra' Adi meM bahuvacanAnta AcArya pada kA vyavahAra bahudhA milatA hai, parantu vaha apane guru ke liye vyavahRta huaA hai yaha anizcita hai| mahAbhASya meM eka sthAna para kAtyAyana ke liye aura tIna sthAnoM para pANini ke liye bahuvacanAnta AcArya pada prayukta huA hai| kayAsaritsAgara Adi ke anusAra pANini ke guru kA nAma 'varSa' thaa| varSa kA anuja 'upavarSa' thA / eka upavarSa jaiminIya sUtroM kA vRttikAra thaa| eka upavarSa dharmazAstroM meM smRta hai|' hamAre vicAra meM jaminIya sUtra-vRttikAra aura dharmazAstra meM smRta upavarSa eka ho hai / yaha upavarSa jemini se kucha ho uttarakAlIna hai| 10 avantisundarIkathAsAra meM varSa aura upavarSa kA to ullekha hai, parantu usameM pANini kA ullekha nahIM hai / arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa mahezvara ko pANini kA guru mAnate haiM, parantu isa meM koI pramANa nahIM hai| kathAsaritsAgara kI kathAeM aitihAsika dRSTi se pUrI prAmANika nahIM haiN| ataH pANini ke prAcArya kA nAma sandigdha hai| hAM, yadi kathA sari15 sAgara meM smata upavarSa bhI prAcIna jaiminIyavattikAra aura dharma zAstroM meM smRta upavarSa ho ho aura isI kA bhAI varSa ho to use pANini kA prAcArya mAnA jA sakatA hai / usa avasthA meM kathAsaritsAgarakAra kA ina varSa upavarSa ko nandakAlika likhanA bhrAntimUlaka mAnanA pdd'egaa| kaI Adhunika vidvAn bhI pANini kA kAla nanda se prAcIna 20 mAnate haiM / ziSya-kautsa-pAtaJjala mahAbhASya 3 / 2 / 108 meM eka udAharaNa hai-upasedivAn kautsaH pANinim / iso sUtra para kAzikA vRtti 1. 8 / 58 // 2. dra0 pU0 pR. 156 Ti0 11 / 3. atha kAlena varSasya ziSyavargoM mahAnabhUt / tatraikaH pANini ma 25 jaDabuddhitaro'bhavat // kathA0 lambaka 1, taraGga 4, zloka 20 / ' , 4. zAbarabhASya 111 // 5 // kezava, kozikasUtra TIkA, pRSTha 307 / sAyaNa; atharvabhASyopoddhAta pRSTha 35 / prapaJcahRdaya pRSTha 38 / 5. tathA ca pravaramaJjarIkAraH ziSTasammatimAha--zuddhAGgiro gargamaye kapayaH paThitA api / prAcAryarupavarSAdyairbharadvAjAH syureva te / dvividhAnapi 1gargAstAnupavarSoM mahAmuniH / anukramya tvavaivAhyAn bharadvAjatayA jgii| vIra mitrodaya, saMskAraprakAza, pRSTha 613, 614 meM uddhRta /

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pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana . 201 meM do udAharaNa aura diye haiM--anaSivAn kautsaH pANinim, upazuzruvAn kautsaH pANinim / ina udAharaNoM se vyakta hotA hai ki koI kautsaH pANini kA ziSya thaa| jainendra Adi vyAkaraNa kI vRttiyoM meM bhI guru-ziSyasampradAya kA isa prakAra ullekha milatA hai| eka kautsa nirukta 1115 meM uddhata hai|' gobhila gRhyasUtra, Apastamba 5 dharmasUtra, AyurvedIya kazyapasaMhitA aura sAmavedIya nidAnasUtra meM bhI kisI kautsa kA ullekha milatA hai| atharvaveda kI zaunakIya caturadhyAyI bhI kautsakRta mAnI jAtI hai eka varatantu ziSya kautsa raghuvaMza 5 / 1 meM nirdiSTa hai| pANini ziSya kautsa inase bhinna hai| kyoMki raghuvaMza ke atirikta jina granthoM meM kautsa smRta hai, ve saba 10 pANini se pUrvabhAvI haiN| satyakAma varmA kA mithyA pralApa-DA0 satyakAma varmA meM 'saMskRta vyAkaraNa kA udbhava aura vikAsa' nAmaka grantha ke pRSTha 126-128 taka mere viSaya meM 'maiM yAskIyaniruktodhRta kautsa ko pANini kA ziSya mAnatA hai' mithyA likha kara khaNDana karane kA prayatna kiyA hai / jaba 15 ki maiMne spaSTa likhA hai ki pANini ziSya kautsa ina (pUrva nidiSTa kautsoM) se bhinna hai, taba kyA satyakAma varmA kA mere nAma se mithyA nirdeza karake usa kA khaNDana karanA sva pANDitya-pradarzana karanA nahIM hai ? kyA yaha vidvAnoM kA kAma hai ? ___ kAtyAyana-nAgeza ke laghuzabdenduzekhara se dhvanita hotA hai ki 20 kAtyAyana pANini kA sAkSAta ziSya hai| pataJjali ke sAkSAta ziSya na hone se trimuni udAharaNa ko cintya kahA hai athavA prakArAntara se upapatti darzAI haiM / hamArA bhI yahI vicAra hai ki vArtikakAra vararuci kAtyAyana pANini kA sAkSAt ziSya hai / isa viSaya para vizeSa kAtyAyana ke prakaraNa meM likheMge / 1. jainendra vyA0 mahAnandivRtti 2 / 2 / 88, 66 // 2. yadi mantrArthapratyAyanAyAnarthako bhavatIti kautsaH / 2. 3 // 10 // 4 // 4. 11164 // 1 // 28 // 1 // 5. pRSTha 115 / 6. 2 / 1,10 // 3 // 11 // 8 // 10 // 7. pUrva pRSTha 73, Ti0 7 / 8. kautsaH prapede varatantuziSyaH / 6. avyayIbhAva prakaraNa meM 'saMkhyA vaMzyena' sUtra kI vyAkhyA meM / 26

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202 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa aneka ziSya-kAzikA 6 / 2 / 104 meM pANini ke ziSyoM ko do vibhAgoM meM bAMTA hai-pUrvapANinIyAH, aprpaanniniiyaaH| mahAbhASya 1 / 4 / 1 meM pataJjali ne bhI likhA hai-ubhayathA hyAcAryeNa ziSyAH sUtraM pratipAditAH, kecidAkaDArAdekA saMjJA iti, kecit prAkkaDArAt paraM kAryamiti / isa se vidita hotA hai ki pANini ke aneka ziSya the aura usane apane zabdAnuzAsana kA bhI aneka bAra pravacana kiyA thaa| deza-pANini kA eka nAma zAlAturIya hai| jainalekhaka vardhamAna gaNaratnamahodadhi meM isa kI vyutpatti isa prakAra darzAtA hai zalAturo nAma grAmaH, so'bhijano'syAstIti zAlAturIyaH tatra bhavAn pANiniH / arthAt-zalAtura grAma pANini kA abhijana thA / pANini ne aSTAdhyAyI 4 / 3 / 63 meM sAkSAt zalAtura pada par3ha kara abhijana artha meM zalAturIya pada kI siddhi darzAI hai| bhojIya 15 sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa 4 / 3 / 210 meM 'salAtura' pada par3hA hai| abhijana aura nivAsa meM bheda-mahAbhASya 4 / 3 / 90 meM abhijana aura nivAsa meM bheda darzAyA hai abhijano nAma yatra pUrvairuSitam, nivAso nAma yatra saMpratyuSyate / isa lakSaNa ke anusAra zalAtura pANini ke pUrvajoM kA vAsasthAna 20 thA, pANini svayaM kahIM anyatra rahatA thaa| purAtattvavidoM ke matAna sAra pazcimottara-sImA prAntastha aTaka samIpavartI vartamAna 'lAhura' grAma prAcIna zalAtura hai| ___ aSTAdhyAyI ke 'udak ca vipAzaH, vAhokanAmebhyazca, ityAdi sUtroM tathA inake mahAbhASya se pratIta hotA hai ki pANini kA vAhIka 25 deza se vizeSa paricaya thA / ataH pANini vAhIka deza vA usake atisamIpa kaH nivAsI hogaa| tapaHsthAna-skanda purANa meM likhA hai ki pANini ne goparvata para 1. gaNa0 maho0 pRSTha 1 / 2. aSTA0 4 / 2 / 74 / 3. aSTA0 4 / 2 / 117 // 30

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pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana 203 tapasyA kI thI aura usI ke prabhAva se vaiyAkaraNoM meM pramukhatA prApta kI thii| sampannatA-pANini kA kula atyanta sampanna thaa| usake apane zabdAnuzAsana ke adhyayana karane vAle chAtroM ke liye bhojana kA prabandha kara rakkhA thA / usake yahAM chAtra ko vidyA ke sAtha-sAtha bhojana bhI 5 prApta hotA thaa| isI bhAva ko prakaTa karane vAlA 'modanapANinIyAH' udAharaNa pataJjali ne mahAbhASya 111173 meM diyA hai / kAzikA 6 / 2 / 66 meM vAmana ne pUrvapadAyudAtta 'modanapANinIyAH' udAharaNa nindArtha meM diyA hai| isakA artha hai-podanapradhAnAH pANinIyAH' arthAt jo zraddhA ke vinA kevala aodanaprApti ke liye pANinIya zAstra ko par3hatA 10 hai, vaha isa prakAra nindAvacana ko prApta hotA hai / / mRtyu-pANini ke jIvana kA kiJcinmAtra itivRta hameM jJAta nhiiN| paJcatantra meM prasaMgavaza kisI prAcIna grantha se eka zloka uddhRta kiyA hai, jisameM pANini jaimini aura piGgala ke mRtyu-kAraNoM kA ullekha hai / vaha zloka isa prakAra hai- siMho vyAkaraNasya karturaharat prANAn priyAn pANineH, mImAMsAkRtamunmamAtha sahasA hastI muni jaiminim / chandojJAnanidhi jaghAna makaro velAtaTe piGgalam, ajJAnAvRtacetasAmatiruSAM ko'rthastirazcAM guNaiH // ' isase vidita hotA hai ki pANini ko siMha ne mArA thaa| vaiyA- 20 karaNoM meM kiMvadantI hai ki pANini kI mRtyu trayodazI ko huI thii| 1. goparvatamiti sthAnaM zambhoH prakhyApitaM puraa| yatra pANininA lebhe vaiyAkaraNikAgrayatA // mAhezvara khaNDAntargata aruNAcala mAhAtmya, uttarArdha 2 / 68, pRSTha 621 mora saMska0 (klkttaa)| 2. paJcatantra, mitrasaMprApti zloka 36, jIvAnanda saMska0 / cakradattavira- 25 cita cikitsAsaMgraha kA TIkAkAra nizculakara (saM0 1167-1177=sana 1110-1120 ) isa zloka ko isa prakAra par3hatA hai--'taduktama-chandojJAnanighi jaghAna makaro velAtaTe piGgalam, siMho vyAkaraNasya karturapaharat prANAn priyAna paannineH| mImAMsAkRtamunmamAtha tarasA hastI vane jaiminima, ajJAnAvatacetasAmatiruSAM ko'rthastirazcAM guNaiH // iNDiyana hisTorikala kvArTI jUna 30 1947 pRSTha 142 meM uddhRt|

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204 saMskRtavyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa mAsa aura pakSa kA nizcaya na hone se pANinIya vaiyAkaraNa pratyeka trayodazI ko anadhyAya karate haiM / yaha paripATo kAzI Adi sthAnoM, meM hamAre adhyayana kAla taka vartamAna thii| ___ anuja=piGgala kI mRtyu-paJcatantra ke pUrva uddhRta zloka ke 5 tRtIya caraNa meM likhA hai--piGgala ko samudrataTa para magara ne nigala liyA thA / pANini kI mahattA-prAcArya pANini kI mahattA isI se spaSTa hai ki usa ke donoM pANini aura pANina nAma gotrarUpa se loka meM prasiddha ho gae / arthAt usake vaMzajoM ne apane purAne gotra nAma ke 10 sthAna para ina nae nAmoM kA vyavahAra karane meM apanA adhika gaurava smjhaa| pANini gotra--bodhAyana zrauta sUtra pravarAdhyAya (3) tathA matsya purANa 167 / 10 ke gotraprakaraNa meM pANini gotra kA nirdeza hai / ' pANina gotra-vAyu purANa 61166 tathA harivaMza 1 / 27 / 46 meM 15 pANina gotra smRta hai|' pANini kI pratiprasiddhi-kAzikAkAra ne 2116 kI vRtti meM itipANini tatpANini aura 2 / 1 / 13 ko vRtti meM prAkumAraM yazaH pANineH udAharaNa die haiN| ina se spaSTa hai ki pANini kI yazaH patAkA loka meM sarvatra phaharAne laga gaI thii| __ paiGgalopaniSad-piGgala nAma se sambaddha eka paiGgalopaniSad bho hai, parantu hameM vaha navIna pratIta hotI hai / 1. paiGgalAyanA: vahInarayaH,..."kAzakRtsnAH, pANinirvAlmIki ...... ApizalayaH / bau0 zrI0 // pANinizcaivva nyAyA: sarva ete prakIrtitAH / matsya purANa // 2. babhravaH pANinazcaiva ghAnajapyAstathaiva 25 ca / vAyuH / yahAM 'dhAnaJjayAstathaiva' pATha zuddha pratIta hotA hai| 3. kAzikAkAra ne prathama udAharaNoM kA artha kiyA haiM--pANinizabdo loke prakAzate / antima udAharaNa kA artha nahIM kiyA / kaI vidvAnoM kA vicAra hai ki isa kA artha 'bAlakoM paryanta pANini kA yaza vyApta ho gayA, aisA hai| hamArA vicAra hai 'pAkusaryA AkumAram' arthAt 'dakSiNa meM kumArI 30 antarIya paryanta pANini kA yaza pahuMca gayA' honA adhika saMgata hai|

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pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana 205 paiGgalI kalpa--yaha kalpa zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa 3 / 1 / 175 kI amoghA aura cintAmaNi vRti meM smRta hai| paGgAlAyana gotra--baudhAyana zrota pravarAdhyAya 3 meM paiGgalAyana gotra kA bhI nirdeza upalabdha hotA hai| yaha gotra pANini-anuja piGgala ke putra se prArambha huA athavA kisI prAcIna paiGgalAyana se, 5 yaha vicAraNIya hai| paiGgalAyani-brAhmaNa-bodhAyana zrIta 217 meM paiGgalAyani brAhmaNa kA pATha uddhRta hai / vaha kisI prAcIna paiGgalAyana prokta hai| isa meM Nini pratyaya hokara paiGgalAyani-brAhmaNa prayoga niSpanna huA hai / purANa-prokta paiGgalIkalpa kA hama Upara nirdeza kara cuke hai / 10 pANini-anuja piGgala ke pautra taka brAhmaNa granthoM kA pravacana hotA rahA, isa meM koI pramANa nahIM hai| jahAM taka vyAsa ke ziSyoM praziSyoM dvArA veda kI antima zAkhAoM aura brAhmaNa granthoM ke pravacana kA prazna hai, vaha adhika se adhika bhArata yuddha se 100 varSa pUrva se 100 varSa pazcAt taka mAnA jAtA hai / ataH baudhAyana zrauta meM smRta paiGgalA- 15 yanibrAhmaNa piGgala pautra paiGgalAyani prokta nahIM ho sakatA yaha spaSTa kAla bhAratIya prAcIna ArSa vAGmaya aura usake atiprAcIna itihAsa ko adhika se adhika arvAcIna siddha karane ke lie baddhaparikara 20 pAzcAtya vidvAnoM ne pANini kA samaya 7 vIM zatI IsA pUrva se lekara 4 thI zatI IsA pUrva arthAt 657 vi0 pUrva se 258 vikrama pUrva taka mAnA hai| pUrva sImA golDasTukara kI hai aura antima sImA baivara aura kItha dvArA svIkRta hai| bhAratIya prAcIna itihAsa ke sambandha meM 1. dekho pUrva pRSTha 204 Ti0 1 / 2. apyekAM gAM dakSiNAM dadyAditi paiGgalAyanibrAhmaNaM bhavati / 3. purANaprokteSu brAhmaNakalpeSu / aSTA 4 / 3 / 105 // 4. isakA pradhAna kAraNa yahUdI IsAimata kA pakSapAta hai| isa ke liye dekho paM0 bhagavaddatta kRta 'Western Indologists : A Study In Motives'.

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206 saskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa pAzcAttya mata, jisakI mUla bhitti sikandara' aura candragupta maurya ko kAlpanika samakAlIna mAnanA hai, jo aparIkSitakAraka ke samAna prAMkha mada kara mAnane vAle aMgrejI par3he aneka bhAratIya bhI svIkAra karate haiN| pANini ke kAla nirNaya ke lie pAzcAttya aura una ke bhAratIya anuyAyI jina pramANoM kA ullekha karate haiM, unameM nimna pramANa mukhya haiM 1-AryamaJjuzrImUlakalpa meM likhA hai-mahApadma nanda kA mitra eka pANini nAma kA mANava thaa|' ' 2-kathAsaritsAgara meM pANini ko mahArAja nanda kA sama10 kAlika kahA hai| 3-bauddha bhikSoM ke lie prayukta hone vAle zramaNa zabda kA nirdeza pANini ke kumAraH zramaNAdibhiH (2 / 1 / 70) sUtra meM milatA hai-- ___4-buddhakAlika maMkhali gosAla nAma ke prAcArya ke lie prayukta 15 saMskRta maskarI zabda kA sAdhutva pANini ne maskaramaskariNau veNaparivAjakayoH (6 / 1 / 154) sUtra meM darzAyA hai| 5-sikandara ke sAtha yuddha meM jUjhane vAlI aura use parAjita kara ke vApasa lauTane ko bAdhya karane vAlI kSudraka mAlavoM kI senA kA ullekha pANini ne khaNDikAdi gaNa (4 / 2 / 45) meM paThita kSadrakamAla20 vAt senAsaMjJAyAm gaNasUtra meM kiyA hai, aisA baivara kA mata hai / 6-aSTAdhyAyI 4 / 1 / 46 meM yavana zabda paThita hai / usake AdhAra para kItha likhatA hai ki pANini sikandara ke bhArata AkramaNa ke poche huaa| 1. sikandara kA AkramaNa candragupta maurya ke samaya nahIM huaa| ina donoM kI samakAlInatA bhramamUlaka hai| maigasthanIja ke avaziSTa itivRtta se bhI ina 25 kI samakAlInatA kathaJcita bhI siddha nahIM hotI, apitu isakA virodha vispaSTa hai / isa tathya ke parijJAnArtha dekhie paM0 bhagavaddattajI kRta 'bhAratavarSa kA bRhada itihAsa' bhAga 1, pRSTha 288-298, dvi0 saM0 / 2. tasyApyanyatamaH sakhyaH pANini ma mANavaH / 30 3. kathA0 lambaka 1, taraGga 4 /

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pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana 207 7-- rAjazekhara ne kAvyamImAMsA meM jisa anuzruti kA ullekha kiyA hai usake anusAra pATaliputra meM hone vAlI zAstrakAra- parIkSA meM uttIrNa hokara varSa, upavarSa pANini, piGgala aura vyADi ne yazo - lAbha prApta kiyA thaa|' pATaliputra kI sthApanA mahArAja udayo ne kusumapura ke nAma se kI thii| ye haiM saMkSepa se katipaya mukhya hetu,' jina ke AdhAra para pANini kA kAla 4 thI zatI IsA pUrva taka khIMca kara sthApita kiyA jAtA hai / aba hama saMkSepa se ina hetuoM kI parIkSA karate haiM- 1 - - boddha granthoM ke adhyayana se yaha vispaSTa pratIta hotA hai ki 10 usa samaya vyaktigata viziSTa nAmoM ke sthAna para prAyaH gotra nAmoM kA vyavahAra karane kA paricalana thA / hama pUrva (pRSTha 204 ) likha cuke haiM ki pANini bhI eka gotra hai / ataH maJju zrImUlakalpa meM kisI pANini nAma vAle mANava kA mahApadma ke sakhA rUpa meM ullekha mAtra se vinA viziSTa vizeSaNa ke yaha kaise svIkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai 15 ki yaha pANini zAstrakAra pANini hI hai / prAcIna paripATI ko vinA jAne aisI UTapaTAMga kalpanAtroM ke AdhAra para aneka vyakti bauddha granthoM meM gotra nAma se abhihita AzvalAyana AdikoM ko hI vaidika vAG maya ke vividha granthoM ke racayitA kahane kA dussAhasa karate haiM / isake viparIta bauddha granthoM meM 20 aneka sthAnoM para tadAgata buddha ke sAtha dharmacarcA karane vAle vedavedAGga pAraga vidvAnoM kA jo varNana upalabdha hotA hai usase to vedAGgoM kI sattA tathAgata buddha ke kAla se bahuta pUrva sthira hotI hai / 2 -- kathAsaritsAgara ke racayitA ko bhI bauddhakAlika gotra nAma vyavahAra ke kAraNa bhrAnti huI hai aura isIlie usane pANini aura 25 1. zrUyate ca pATilaputre zAstrakAra parIkSA - 'pratropavarSavarSAviha pANinipiGgalAviha vyADi: / vararucipataJjali iha parIkSitAH khyAtimupajagmuH / a0 10, pRSTha 55 // 2. vAyupurANa 66 / 318 || vizeSa pataJjali ke prakaraNa meM dekheM / 3. pAzcAtya mata meM die jAne vAle hetunoM ke lie DA0 vAsudevazaraNa agravAla kA 'pANini kAlIna bhAratavarSa' adhyAya 8 dekheM / 30

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208 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa vararuci ko nanda kA samakAlika likha diyA hai / isa bhrAnti kI puSTi vAtikakAra vararuci ko kauzAmbI nivAsI likhane se bhI hotI hai| kauzAmbI prayAga ke nikaTa hai| pataJjali mahAbhASya meM vArtika kAra ko spaSTa zabdoM meM dAkSiNAtya kahatA hai / isa virodha se spaSTa 5 hai ki kathAsaritsAgara kI kathAnoM ke AdhAra para kisI itihAsa ko kalpanA kaganA nitAnta cintya hai / itanA hI nahIM pAzcAttya aitihAsikoM ne to mahApadma nanda kA kAla bhI bahuta arvAcIna banA diyA hai / bhAratIya paurANika kAla gaNanAnusAra, jo uttarottara zodha dvArA satya siddha ho rahI hai nanda kA kAla vikrama se pandraha solaha sau varSa pUrva hai| 3-yadi zramaNa zabda kA vyavahAra bauddha sAhitya meM ho, aura vaha bhI kevala bauddha parivrAjakoM ke lie hotA to usa ke AdhAra para kathaMcita pANini ko bauddha kAla meM rakhA jA sakatA tha , parantu zramaNa zabda to tathAgata buddha se saikar3oM varSa pUrva prokta zatapatha brAhmaNa 14 / 15 7 / 1 / 22 taittiroya AraNyaka 271 meM bhI upalabdha hotA hai / sabhI vyAkhyAkAroM ne zramaNa zabda kA artha paribATa sAmAnya kiyA hai| aSTAdhyAyo (2 / 1170) meM nirdiSTa kumArazramaNaH meM kumAra zabda bAlaka kA vAcaka nahIM hai, apitu akRta-vivAha (kuMvAre) kA vAcaka hai| jaise vRddhakumArI meM kumArA zabda kuMvArI ke liye prayukta hai| 20 ataH kumArazramaNa ve parivrAjaka kahAte haiM jo brahmacarya se hI saMnyAsa grahaNa karate haiN| ___ 4-yadi tuSyatu durjanaH nyAra se aSTAdhyAyI meM prayukta maskarI zabda ko maMkhali zabda kA saMskRta rUpa mAna bhI leM to maskarina meM prayukta mattvarthaka ini pratyaya kA koI artha na hogA aura na usa kA 25 mUlabhUta veNavAcaka maskara zabda ke sAtha koI saMbaMdha hogaa| itanA hI nahIM, yadi pANini kI dRSTi meM maskarI zabda maMkhali gosAla kA hI vAcaka thA to usa ke arthanirdeza ke lie pANini ne sAmAnya parivrAjaka pada kA nirdeza kyoM kiyA ? 1. lampaka 1, taraGga 4 / 30 2. priyataddhitA dAkSiNAtyA: / mahA0 11, prA0 1 / 3. vRddhakumArI-nyAya, mahAbhASya 8 / 2 / 3 //

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27 pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana 206 vastutaH maskarI zabda kA saMbandha veNuvAcaka maskara zabda ke sAtha hI hai / isIlie pANini se pUrvavartI RktantrakAra ne maskaro veNuH (4 / 7 / 6) sUtra meM maskara zabda kA hI nirdeza kiyA aura usI se maskarI ko gatArtha mAnA / pataJjali kI mA kRta karmANi' vyAkhyA maskarI grahaNa ke Anathakya' ke pratyAkhyAna ke lie prauDhivAda mAtra 5 hai| yadi isa vyAkhyA ko prAmANika bhI mAnA jAe, taba bhI maskarI kA mUla veNuvAcaka maskara zabda hI hogA / usa kA artha bhI hai-- mA kriyate'neneti / jisa se anartharUpa karmoM kA niSedha hotA hai vaha maskara veNu arthAt dnndd| aura isI mA mara=maskara nirvacana ko mAnakara pANini ne suDAgama kA vidhAna kiyA hai| vastutaH maskara 10 aura maskarI donoM pada maska gatau dhAtu se niSpanna haiM / - vAstavika sthiti to yaha hai ki maskarI ko maMkhalI kA saMskRta rUpa mAnanA hI bhrAntimUlaka hai| mahAbhArata meM nirdiSTa maGki RSi ke kula meM utpanna hone se hI maGkila kA maMkhali upabhraMza banA hai| prata eva bhagavatI sUtra (15) Adi meM maMkhali ko maMkha kA putra kahanA 15 yukta hai| jainAgamoM meM gosAla ko maMkhaliputta bhI kahA hai| 5-baivara ke mata kI AlocanA to pAzcAttyamatAnugAmI DA. vAsudevazaraNa agravAla ne hI bhale prakAra kara dI hai, ataH usa kA yahAM punaH likhanA piSTapeSaNavat hogA / 1. mAkRta karmANi zAntirvaH zreyasI / mahAbhASya 6 / 11154 // 2. maskarigrahaNaM zakyamakartum / kathaM maskarI parivrAjaka iti ? ininetanmattva yena siddham / maskaro'syAstIti maskarI / mahAbhASya 6 / 1 / 154 // 3. kSIrasvAmI, amaraTIkA 2 / 4 / 160 / / 4. yaha dhAtu pANinIya dhAtupATha ke prAcya udIcya Adi sabhI pAThoM meM paThita hai / 5. maska+bAhulakAd araH / zabdakalpadruma, bhAga 3, pRSTha 25 651 / isI prakAra 'arini' pratyaya hokara maskasn i / yadvA-maskate iti ... maskaH, ac / tasmAnmatvarthIyo ra:, maskaraH,punastasmAnmatvarthIya iniH maskarina / 6. maGki RSi dvArA gIta aneka zloka mahAbhArata zAntiparva a0 177 / meM paThita haiN| yaha prakaraNa maGki-gItA ke nAma se prasiddha hai| 7. pANini kAlIna bhAratavarSa, pRSTha 376 / 8. pANini kAlIna bhAratavarSa, pRSTha 476 /

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210 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 6-'yavanAnI' zabda para likhate hue DA. vAsudevazaraNa agravAla ne bhI spaSTa likhA hai ki bhAratIya sikandara ke AkramaNa se pUrva bhI yavana jAti se paricita the|' yavana jAti ke viSaya meM hama itanA aura kahanA cAhate haiM ki 5 yavana jAti mUlataH abhAratIya nahIM hai| yavana mahArAja yayAti ke putra ke vaMzaja haiM / mahAbhArata meM spaSTa likhA hai yadostu yAdavA jAtAsturvasostu yavanAH smRtAH / ' yaha turvasu kI santati bRhattara bhArata kI pazcimottara sImA para nivAsa karatI thii| brAhmaNoM ke pradarzana aura dharmakriyA ke lopa ke 10 kAraNa ye loga mleccha bana ge| ye loga yahIM se pravAsa karake pazcima meM gae aura inhIM ke yavana nAma para usa deza kA nAma bhI yavana yUnAna pdd'aa| isa aitihAsika tathya ko svIkAra na karake kisI bhI prAcIna gantha meM yavana zabda ke prayoga mAtra se use sikandara ke AkramaNa se 15 pIche kA banA huaA kahanA durAgraha mAtra hai 7-aba zeSa rahatI hai rAjazekhara dvArA udhata anuzruti / anuzruti itihAsa meM tabhI taka pramANa mAnI jAtI hai.jaba taka usakA pratyakSa balavata pramANa se virodha na ho| virodha hone para anuzrati anuzrati mAtra raha jAtI hai| isa ke sAtha hI yaha bhI dhyAna rahe ki rAjazekhara 20 ati-arvAcIna granthakAra hai| usa kAla taka pahuMcate-pahuMcate anuzra ti kA rUpa hI parivartita ho gyaa| usa ke lekhAnusAra to pataJjali bhI pANini kA samakAlika bana jAtA hai| ataH rAjazekhara kI anuzra ti apramANa hai| 25 1. pANini kAlIna bhAratavarSa, pRSTha 475-476 / / 2. Adi parva 136 // 2 // ; kumbhaghoNa saMska0 / 3. manu 10 / 42,44 // inhIM yavanoM ke eka AtatAyI rAjA 'kAlayavana' kA vadha zrIkRSNa ne kiyA thaa| isa ke viSaya meM alberUnI likhatA hai'hinduoM meM kAlayavana nAma kA eka saMvat pracalita hai|... "ve isakA prArambha gata dvApara ke anta meM mAnate haiM / isa yavana ne inake dharma aura deza para bar3e 4. pUrva pRSTha 207 Ti0 1 dekhie| 30 atyAcAra kiye the|

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pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana 211 aba zeSa raha jAtA hai mahArAja udayI ke dvArA pATaliputra kA basAnA / isa ke viSaya meM hama pataJjali ke prakaraNa meM vistAra se likheNge| ___ DAkTara vAsudevazaraNa agravAla ne pANini kAlIna bhAratavarSa meM golDasTakara Adi ke matoM kA pratyAkhyAna karake pANini kA samaya 5 nanda ke kAla meM IsA pUrva 4 thI zatI mAnA hai| aba hama usakI vivecanA karate haiM 1. pahale hama usa pramANa ko lete haiM jisa kA nirdeza svamata se viruddha hone ke kAraNa pAzcAttya vidvAnoM aura unake anuyAyiyoM ne jAna bUjha kara upasthita nahIM kiyaa| vaha hai pANini dvArA nirvANo- 10 'vAte (8 / 2 / 50) sUtra meM nirdiSTa nirvANa pada / vaiyAkaraNa isa sUtra kA udAharaNa dete haiMnirvANo'gniH, nirvANaH pradIpaH, nirvANo bhikssuH| ina meM nirvANa pada kA artha hai-'zAnta honA' bujha jAnA, mara jAnA / pAzcAttya matAnusAra yadi pANini tathAgata buddha se uttarakAlIna hotA to bauddha sAhitya meM nirvANa zabda kA jo prasiddha mokSa artha hai, usa kA vaha ullekha avazya krtaa| jo pANini maMkhali gosAla vyakti vizeSa ke lie prayukta 'maskarI' zabda kA ullekha kara sakatA hai (pAzcAttyamatAnusAra), vaha bauddha sAhitya meM prasiddhatama nirvANa pada 20 ke artha kA nirdeza na kare, yaha kathamapi sambhava nahIM / isalie pANini dvArA bauddha sAhitya meM prasiddha nirvANa pada ke artha kA ullekha na hone se pAzcAttyasaraNi-anusAra hI yaha siddha hai ki pANini tathAgata buddha se pUrvavartI hai| ___ kAlavivecana meM bAhyasAkSya kA apanA sthAna hotA hI hai tathApi 25 antaHsAkSya kA mahattva sarvopari hotA hai aura vaha mahattva usa avasthA meM aura bhI bar3ha jAtA hai jaba bAhyasAkSya aura antaHsAkSya meM virodha ho / antaraGga balIyo bhavati yaha nyAya prasiddha hI hai| ataH hama pANini ke kAla nirNaya ke liye ataHsAkSya upasthita karate haiM / anta sAkSya 30 aba pANini ke kAla-vivecana ke lie aSTAdhyAyI ke una antaH

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212 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa sAkSyoM ko uddhRta karate haiM, jinakA nirdeza Aja taka kisI bhI vyakti ne nahIM kiyA / yathA 2. yaha sarvavAdI sammata hai ki tathAgata buddha ke kAla meM saMskRta bhASA janasAdhAraNa kI bhASA nahIM thI usa samaya janasAdhAraNa meM pAli aura prAkRta bhASAeM hI vyavahRta hotI thiiN| isalie tathAgata buddha aura mahAvIra svAmI ne apane matoM ke pracAra ke lie saMskRta ke sthAna meM pAli aura prAkRta bhASAoM kA Azraya liyaa| isake viparIta pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI meM zatazaH aise prayogoM ke sAdhutva kA ullekha milatA hai, jo nitAnta grAmya janatA ke vyavahAropayogI haiN| 10 yathA - ka-zAka becane vAle kUjar3oM dvArA vikraya ke lie mUlI, pAlaka, metho, dhaniyA, podInA Adi-Adi kI bAMdhI muTThI athavA gaDDI ke lie prayukta hone vAle mUlakapaNaH, zAkapaNaH Adi zabdoM ke sAdhutva bodhana ke lie eka sUtra hai15 nityaM paNaH parimANe / 3 / 3 / 66 // __ isa sUtra se bodhita zabda vizuddha dainandina ke vyavahAropayogI haiM, sAhitya meM prayukta hone vAle zabda nahIM haiM / ___ kha-vastra raMgane vAle raMgarejoM ke vyavahAra meM Ane vAle mAJji STham, kASAyam, lAkSikam Adi zabdoM se sAdhutva jJApana ke lie 20 pANini ne nimna sUtra par3he haiM tena raktaM rAgAt / lAkSArocanATThak / 4 / 2 / 1, 2 // ga--pAcakoM ke (jo ki purAkAla meM zUdra hI hote the') vyavahAra meM Ane vAle dAdhikam, praudazvitkam, lavaNaH sUpaH Adi prayogoM ke lie pANini ne 4 / 2 / 16-20 tathA 4 / 4 / 22-26 dasa sUtroM kA 25 vidhAna kiyA hai| __gha--kRSakoM ke vyavahAropayogI vibhinna prakAra ke dhAnyopayogI kSetroM ke vAcaka preyaGgavInam, baheyam, yavyam, tilyam, tailInam Adi prayogoM ke lie 5 / 2 / 1-4 cAra sUtroM kA pravacana kiyA hai| 1. prAryAdhiSThitA vA zUdrAH saMskartAraH syuH / Apa0 dharma0 222 // 3 // 4 //

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pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana 213 - Da-zUdroM ke abhivAdana pratyabhivAdana ke niyama kA ullekha 8 / 2 / 82 meM kiyA hai| ___ina tathA etAdRza anya aneka prakaraNoM se spaSTa hai ki pANini ke kAla meM saMskRta loka vyavahArya janasAdhAraNa kI bhASA thii| ___kItha kI satyokti-kItha ne apane saMskRta sAhitya ke itihAsa 5 . meM aSTAdhyAyI ke uparyukta janasAdhAraNoyogI zabdoM kA nirdeza karake yaha svIkAra kiyA hai ki pANini ke samaya saMskRta bola-cAla kI bhASA thii| 3. pANini kI aSTAdhyAyI se to yaha bhI patA calatA hai ki saMskRta bhASA kevala janasAdhAraNa kI hI bhASA nahIM thI, apitu 10 janasAdhAraNa vaidika bhASAvat lokabhASA meM bhI udAtta anudAtta svarita svaroM kA yathAvat vyavahAra karate the| pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI ke ve saba svara-niyama aura svaroM kI dRSTi se pratyayoM meM sambaddha anubandha, jina kA saMbandha kevala vaidika bhASA ke sAtha hI nahIM hai, isa tathya ke jvalanta pramANa haiN| punarapi hama pANini ke do aise 15 sUtra upasthita karate haiM, jina kA sambandha eka mAtra lokabhASA se hai yathA ka-vibhASA bhASAyAm / 6 / 2 / 81 // isa sUtra ke anusAra bhASA arthAta laukika saMskRta ke paJcabhiH saptabhiH tisRbhiH catasRbhiH Adi prayogoM meM vibhakti tathA vibhakti 20 / se pUrva ac ko vikalpa se udAtta bolA jAtA thaa| kha-udak ca vipaashH| 4 / 2 / 74 // isa sUtra dvArA vipAza= vyAsa nado ke uttara kala ke kUpoM ke lie prayukta hone vAle dAtta: gauptaH prayogoM ke lie aJ pratyaya kA vidhAna kiyA hai / dakSiNa kUla ke kUpoM ke lie bhI dAttaH gaupta: 25 Adi pada hI prayukta hote haiM, parantu unameM aN pratyaya hotA hai / aJ aura aN pratyayoM kA pRthak vidhAna kevala svarabheda kI dRSTi se hI 1. dra0--kItha ke grantha kA DA0 maGgaladeva zAstrI kRta bhASAnuvAda pRSTha 11-13 / isake viparIta bhAratIya vidvAna abhI taka yaha likhate haiM ki saMskRta kabhI bolacAla kI vyAvahArika bhASA nahIM thii| dra0--vAcaspati gairaulA kRta 30 saMskRta sAhitya kA itihAsa pRSTha 40 (san 1960) /

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214 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kiyA gayA hai / uttara kUla dAttaH gautaH prayoga Adhu dAtta prayukta hote the ataH unake lie pANini ne aJ pratyaya kA aura dakSiNa kUla ke dAtta: goptaH antodAtta bole jAte the, isalie unake lie aNa pratyaya kA vidhAna kiyaa| yadi pANini ke samaya udAttAdi svaroM kA janasAdhAraNa kI bhASA meM yathAtha uccAraNa pracalita na hotA to pANiNi aise sUkSma niyama' banAne ko kadApi ceSTA na karatA / pANini ke uttara kAla meM lokabhASA meM svaroccAraNa ke lopa ho jAne para uttaravartI vaiyAkaraNoM ne svaravizeSa kI dRSTi se pANini dvArA vihita pratyayoM 10 ke vaividhya ko haTA diyaa| hamane vaidika-svara-mImAMsA anya ke 'svara kA lopa' prakaraNa meM - likhA hai ki kRSNa dvaipAyana ke ziSya praziSyoM ke zAkhA pravacana kAla meM svaroccAraNa meM kucha-kucha zaithilya pAne laga gayA thaa| ataH loka bhASA meM vyavahriyamANa svaroM kA yathAvata sUkSma daSTi se vidhAna karane vAle prAcArya pANini kA kAla antima zAkhA pravacana kAla se anatidUra ho honA cAhie / antima zAkhA pravacana kAla adhika se adhika bhArata yuddha (3100 vi0 pUrva) se 100 vaSa utara taka hai / ataH pANini kA kAla bhArata yuddha se 200 varSa se adhika arvAcIna nahIM ho sakatA / 4--pANini ke kAla para prakAza DAlane vAlA eka sUtra hai-- yogapramANe ca tadabhAve'darzanaM syAt / 1 / 255 // isa sUtra kA abhiprAya yaha hai yadi paJcAlA: aGgAH vaGgAH magadhAH Adi dezavAcI zabdoM kI pravRti kA nimitta paJcAla aGga vaGga magadha nAma vAle kSatriya haiM arthAt ina nAma vAle kSatriyoM ke nivAsa 25 ke kAraNa usa pradeza ke ye nAma prasiddha hue, aisA pUrvAcAryoM kA mata mAnA jAe to ina nAma vAle kSatriyoM ke usa usa pradeza meM prabhAva ho jAne para una una kSatriyoM ke nivAsa ke kAraNa una una dezoM ke lie vyavahAra meM Ane vAle paJcAla Adi zabdoM kA vyavahAra bhI 20 1. svare vizeSaH / mahatI sUkSmekSikA vartate sUtrakArasya / kAzikA 3, 41274 // 2. vaidika-svara-mImAMsA pRSTha 51, 52; dvi0 saM0 /

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pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana 215 samApta ho jAnA caahie| kyoMki jaba una una nAma vAle kSatriyoM kA una una pradezoM se sabandha hI na rahA, taba tatsaMbandhanimittaka zabdoM kA prayoga bhI na honA cAhie / parantu una una nAma vAle kSatriyoM ke nAza ho jAne para bhI tattata pradezoM ke lie paJcAla Adi zabdoM kA prayoga loka meM hotA hai| ataH ina dezavAcI zabdoM ko tattat 5 nAza vAle kSatriyoM ke nivAsa kA kAraNa nahIM mAnanA caahie| apitu inheM rUDha saMjJA zabda svIkAra karanA caahie| __ bhAratIya itihAsa evaM prAcIna vyAkaraNa grantha jina kI ora pANini kA saMketa hai| isa bAta ke pramANa haiM ki paJcAlA: aGgAH vaGgAH Adi deza nAma tattat kSatriya vaMzoM ke nivAsa ke kAraNa hI 10 prasiddha hue the| . ___ aba hameM pANinIya ukti ke AdhAra para yaha dekhanA hogA ki bhArata ke prAcIna itihAsa meM aisA kAla kaba kaba AyA, jaba kSatriyoM kA bAhulyena unmUlana huA / itihAsa ke avalokana se spaSTa hai ki kSatriyoM kA isa prakAra kA unmUlana tIna bAra huaa| prathama bAra 15 dAzarathi rAma se pUrva jAmadagya parazurAma dvArA, dvitIya vAra sarvakSatrAntakRt bhArata-yuddha' dvArA aura tRtIya vAra sarvakSatrAntakRt nanda' dvaaraa| - ina meM se prathama vAra kI sthiti kI ora pANini kA saMketa nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki pANini nizcaya hI bhArata yuddha kAla 20 kA uttaravartI hai| tRtIya vAra sarva kSatroM kA vinAza nanda ne kiyA thA, yaha usa ke sarvakSatrAntakRta vizeSaNa se hI spaSTa hai| DA. vAsudevazaraNa agravAla isI nanda kAla meM pANini ko mAnate haiM / aba vicAranA cAhie ki yadi pANini ke kAla meM hI nanda ne paJcAlAdi kSatriyoM kA unmUlana kiyA ho to pANini usI kAla meM ukta sUtra 25 kI racanA nahIM kara sakatA, kyoMki kSatravinAza ke samakAla hI tasya nivAsaH Adi saMbandha jJAna kA prabhAva nahIM ho sktaa| usa sambandhajJAna ke abhAva ke lie nyUnAtinyUna do tIna sau varSa kA kAla 1. kRSNa dvaipAyana vyAsa ne bhArata-yuddha ke liye 'sarvakSatrAntakRt' zabda kA kA prayoga kiyA hai / 2. nanda ko bhI itihAsa meM sarvakSAntakRta mAnA gayA hai|

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216 5 10 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa apekSita hai / jisa ke dvArA paJcAla Adi dezoM se utpanna hue kSatriyoM kA usa deza ke sAtha tasya nivAsaH rUpa sambandha-jJAna miTa jaae| aiso avasthA meM pANini ko nanda se nyUnAtinyUna 200 varSa pazcAt mAnanA hogaa| aisA mAnane para pAzcAttya vidvAnoM dvArA khar3A kiyA gayA aitihAsika prAsAda lar3akhar3A jaayegaa| ataH yaha kAla unheM bhI iSTa nahIM ho sakatA / hama pUve likha cuke haiM ki pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI ke anusAra pANini ke kAla meM na kevala saMskRta bhASA hI janasAdhAraNa kI bhASA thI, apitu usa meM udAtta Adi svaroM kA sUkSma uccAraNa bhI hotA thaa| nanda athavA usa se uttara kAla meM pANini dvArA bodhita / saMskRta bhASA kI vaha sthiti nahIM thI, usa samaya janasAdhAraNa meM prAkRta bhASAoM kA hI bolabAlA thaa| prataH pANini nanda kA samakAlika kadApi nahIM ho sakatA / yadi haThadharmI se yahI mantavya svIkAra kiyA jAe to pANini ke antaHsAkSya se mahAna virodha hogaa| 15 aba raha jAtA hai dvitIya vAra kA sarvakSatra-vinAza, jo bhArata yuddha dvArA huA thA / tadanusAra bhAratayuddha ke anantara lagabhaga 200-300 varSa ke madhya pANini kA samaya mAnA jA sakatA hai| bhAratayuddha se lagabhaga 250 varSa pazcAt paJcAla Adi kSatriya punaH apanI pUrva sthiti ko prApta karate hue itihAsa meM dRSTigocara hote haiN| isalie 20 pANini kA kAla bhAratayuddha se 200 varSa pUrva se adhika arvAcIna nahIM ho sktaa| pANinIya zAstra ke upari nirdiSTa antaHsAkSyoM se bhI iso kAla ko hI puSTi hotI hai / isa kAla taka saMskRta bhASA janasAdhAraNa meM bolI jAtI rahI aura usa meM udAttAdi svaroM kA uccAraNa paryApta sImA taka surakSita rahA / isa ke pazcAta jana25 sAdhAraNa meM apabhraSTa bhASAoM kA prayoga bar3hane lagA aura saMskRta kevala ziSToM kI bhASA raha gii| aba hama prAcIna vAGamaya se katipaya aise sAkSya upasthita karate haiM jina se pANini ke kAla ke viSaya meM prakAza par3atA hai| . pANini ke samakAlika prAcArya-hama apanI uparyukta sthApanA 30 kI siddhi ke lie pahale pANini ke samakAlika vA kucha pUrvavartI AcAryoM kA saMkSepa se ullekha karate haiM

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28 pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana 217 ko 1 - gRhapati zaunaka RkprAtizAkhya' tathA bRhaddevatA' meM yAska 'bahudhA uddhRta karatA hai / 2 - pANini kA anuja piGgala 'urobRhatI yAskasya'' sUtra meM yAska kA smaraNa karatA hai / 3 yAska nirukta 115 meM kautsa kA ullekha karatA hai / mahA- 5 bhASya 3 / 2 / 108 ke anusAra eka kautsa pANini kA ziSya thA / * 4 - yAska apanI taittirIya anukramaNo meM RkprAtizAkhya ke pravaktA zaunaka kA nirdeza karatA hai / " 5 - piGgala kA nAma pANinIya gaNapATha 4 / 1 / 66, 105 meM milatA hai / 10 6 - pANini 'zaunakAdibhyazchandasi' sUtra meM zAkhApravaktA zaunaka kA ullekha karatA hai / 7- zaunaka zAkhA kA pravaktA gRhapati zaunaka RkprAtizAkhya ke aneka sUtroM meM vyADi kA nirdeza karatA hai / " vyADi kA hI dUsarA nAma dAkSAyaNa hai / vaha pANini kA mAmA thA, yaha hama pUrva (pRSTha 1 195-96) likha cuke haiN| 1. na dAzatayyekapadA kAcidastIti vai yAska: / 17 / 42 / / 2. bRhaddevatA 1 / 26 / / 2 / 111, 132,137 // 376, 100,112 ityAdi / 3. chanda: zAstra 3 / 30 // 4. upasedivAn kautsaH pANinim / 5. dvAdazinastrayo'STAkSarAMzca jagatI jyotiSmatI / sApi triSTubiti 20 zaunakaH // | vaidika vAGmaya kA itihAsa, vedoM ke bhASyakAra saMjJaka bhAga, pRSTha 205 para uddhRta / tulanA karo RkprAtizAkhya 13 / 70 // 6. bhraSTA0 4 | 3 | 106 // 7. muNDakopaniSad 1 / 1 / 3 meM zaunaka ko 'mahAzAla' kahA hai / zaMkara ne isa kA artha mahAgRhasthaH ' kiyA hai / vaha cintya hai / mahAzAla kA mukhya artha hai mahatI pAThazAlA vAlA / pAThazAlA ke liye saMskRtabhASA ke samAna marAThI 25 bhASA meM bhI 'za'lA' zabda kA prayoga hotA hai / jisa kI zAlA meM sahasroM vidyArthI adhyayana karate hoM / gRhapati kA jo lakSaNa dharmazAstroM meM likhA hai, tadanusAra dasa sahasra vidyArthiyoM kA bharaNapoSaNa karate hue vidyAdAtA prAcArya 'gRhapati' kahatA hai / 8. Rkpraati02|23, 28 || 6 |43|13|| 31 / 31,37 // vn 30

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218 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ____-vyADi nAma pANinIya gaNapATha 4 / 1 / 80 meM, tathA dAkSAyaNa nAma gaNapATha 4 / 2 / 54 meM milatA hai / -sAmavedIya laghu-Rktantra vyAkaraNa meM pANini kA sAkSAt ullekha milatA hai|' 10-baudhAyana zrautasUtra pravarAdhyAya (3) meM pANini kA sAkSAt nirdeza upalabdha hotA hai| yathA bhRgUNAmevAdito vyAkhyAsyAmaH....."paGgalAyanAH, vahInarayaH ..."kAzakRtsnAH ...."pANinirvAlmIki..."prApizalayaH / 21-matsya purANa 19710 meM pANini gotra kA ullekha 10 milatA hai| 12-vAyu purANa 6166 meM pANini gotra kA nirdeza kiyA hai| pANina aura pANini eka hI haiM, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiN| 13- brahmavaivartapurANa prakRti khaNDa a0 4 zloka 67 meM pANini ko sAkSAt granthakAra kahA hai / 15 ina pramANoM se spaSTa hai ki yAska, zaunaka, vyADi, pANini, piGgala aura kautsa Adi lagabhaga samakAlika haiM, ina meM bahuta svalpa paurvAparya hai| yadi ina meM se kisI eka kA bhI nizcita kAla jJAta ho jAe, to pANini kA kAla svataH jJAta ho jAyagA / ataH hama prathama zaunaka ke kAla para vicAra karate haiM___zaunaka kA kAla-mahAbhArata Adi parva 11 tathA 4 / 1 ke anusAra janamejaya (tRtIya) ke sarpasatra ke samaya zaunaka naimiSAraNya meM dvAdaza vArSika satra kara rahA thA / viSNu purANa 42114 meM likhA hai ki janamejaya ke putra zatAnIka ne zaunaka se Atmopadeza liyA thA, 1. aico vRddhiriti prokta pANinIyAnusAribhiH / pRSTha 46 / / 25 2. paiGgalAyanaprokta brAhmaNa baudhAyana zrauta 17 meM uddhRta hai-prapyekAM gAM dakSiNAM dadyAditi paiGgalAyAnibrAhmaNaM bhavati / 3. pANinizcaiva vyAyAH sarva ete prakIrtitAH / 4. babhravaH pANinazcaiva ghAnajapyAstathaiva ca / yahAM 'dhAnaJjayAstathaiva' zuddha pATha caahie| . 5. pUrva pRSTha 194-195 / 30 6. kaNado gautamaH kaNvaH pANiniH zAkaTAyanaH / granthaM ckaar.........||

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pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana 216 aura matsya 25 4, 5 ke anusAra zaunaka ne zatAnIka ko yayAticarita sunAyA thaa| vAyu purANa 1 / 12, 14, 23 ke anusAra adhisIma kRSNa ke rAjyakAla meM kurukSetra meM naimiSAraNya ke RSiyoM dvArA kiye gaye dIrghasatra meM sarvazAstravizArada gRhapati zaunaka vidyamAna thA / ' RkprAtizAkhya ke prAcIna vRttikAra viSNumitra ne zAstrAvatAra 5 viSayaka eka prAcIna zloka uddhRta kiyA hai / vaha likhatA hai -- tasmAdAdau zAstrAvatAra ucyate- zaunako gRhapati naimiSIyaistu dIkSitaiH / dIkSA coditaH prAha sa tu dvAdazAhike // iti zAstrAvatAraM smaranti / 10 ina pramANoM se vidita hotA hai ki gRhapati zaunaka dIrghAyu thA / vaha nyUna se nyUna 300 varSa pravazya jIvita rahA thA / ataH zaunaka kA kAla sAmAnyatayA bhAratayuddha se lekara mahArAja pradhisIma kRSNa ke kAla taka mAnanA cAhiye / RkprAtizAkhya kI racanA bhAratayuddha ke lagabhaga 100 varSa pazcAt arthAt 3000 vikrama pUrva huI thI / 15 RprAtizAkhya meM smRti vyAMDi bhI isI kAla kA vyakti hai / vyADi pANini kA mAmA thA, yaha hama pUrva kaha cuke haiN|' prataH pANini kA samaya sthUlatayA vikrama se 2600 varSa prAcIna hai / yAska kA kAla - mahAbhArata zAntiparva 0 342 zloka 72, 73 meM yAska kA ullekha milatA hai / vaha isa prakAra hai yAsko mAmRSiratryagro naikayajJeSu gItavAn / stutvA mAM zipiviSTeti yAska RSirudadhIH / / 20 nirukta 13 / 12 se vidita hotA hai ki yAska ke kAla meM RSiyoM kA uccheda honA prArambha ho gayA thaa| purANoM ke matAnusAra RSiyoM * ne antima dIrghasatra mahArAja adhisIma kRSNa ke rAjyakAla meM kiye 25 the / bhAratayuddha ke anantara zanaiH zanaiH RSiyoM kA uccheda Arambha 1 1. adhisImakRSNe vikrAnte rAjanye'nupatviSi / dharmakSetre kurukSetre dIrgha patre tu Ijire / tasmin satre gRhapatiH sarvazAstravizAradaH / 2. pUrva pRSTha 195-96 // 3. manuSyA vA RSiSUtkrAmatsu devAnabruvan ko na RSibhaviSyatIti / 30 4. vAyu purANa 1 / 12-14 / / 66 / 257-256 / /

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220 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ho gayA thA / zaunaka ne apane RkprAtizAkhya aura bRhaddevatA meM yAska kA smaraNa kiyA hai, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiN|' ataH mahAbhArata tathA nirukta ke antaHsAkSya se vidita hotA hai ki yAska kA kAla bhAratayuddha ke samIpa thaa| ina pramANoM se spaSTa hai ki yAska, zaunaka, pANini, piGgala aura kautsa lagabhaga samakAlika vyakti haiM arthAt inakA paurvAparya bahuta svalpa hai| ataH pANini kA kAla bhAratayuddha se lekara adhisIma kRSNa ke kAla taka lagabhaga 250 varSoM ke madhya hai| pANini kA sAkSAnnirdeza-Upara uddhRta pramANa saMkhyA 9-13 meM 10 pANini kA sAkSAnnirdeza hai| baudhAyana zrautasUtra ke pravarAdhyAya meM pANini gotra kA ullekha hai / isa kI puSTi matsya aura vAyu purANa ke pramANoM se hotI hai| baudhAyana Adi zrautasUtroM kI racanA tattat zAkhAoM ke pravacana ke kucha anantara huI hai / zrauta, dharma Adi kalpasUtroM ke racayitA prAyaH ve hI prAcArya haiM, jinhoMne zAkhAoM kA pravacana kiyA thA, yaha hama nyAya-bhASyakAra vAtsyAyana aura pUrvamImAMsAkAra jaimini ke pramANoM se pUrva darzA cuke haiN| bhAguri aitareya Adi kucha purANa-prokta zAkhAoM ke atirikta saba zAkhAoM kA pravacana-kAla lagabhaga bhAratayuddha se eka zatAbdI pUrva se lekara eka zatAbdI pazcAt taka hai / vartamAna meM upalabdha zAkhA, brAhmaNa, 20 AraNyaka, upaniSad, zrauta-gRhya-dharma Adi kalpa sUtra, darzana, Ayurveda, nirukta, vyAkaraNa Adi samasta upalabdha vaidika ArSa vAGmaya adhikatara isI kAla ke pravacana haiN| eka anya pramANa--hya nasAMga ne apane bhArata bhramaNa meM pANini ke prakaraNa meM likhA hai-'brahmadeva aura devendra ne AvazyakatAnusAra 25 kucha niyama banAye, parantu vidyArthiyoM ko unakA ThIka prayoga karanA nahIM pAtA thaa| jaba mAnavI jIvana 100 varSa kI sImA taka ghaTa gayA, taba pANini kA janma huaa| AyurvedIya caraka saMhitA bhAratayuddha kAla na vaizampAyana apara 1. pUrva pRSTha 217, Ti01, 2 / 2. pUrva pRSTha 218 Ti 3, 4 meM uddhRta pATha / 3. pUrva pRSTha 21-23 /

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pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana 221 nAma caraka dvArA pratisaMskRta hai| usa meM granthasaMskAra kAla (bhAratayuddha kAla) meM 100 varSa mAnava jIvana kI sImA kahI hai--varSazataM khalvAyuSaH pramANasmin kAle (zArIrasthAna 6 / 26) / isa prakAra pANinIya grantha ke antaHsAkhyoM aura anya prAcIna pramANabhUta vAGamaya ke bAhya sAkSyoM ke AdhAra para yaha sarvathA suni- 5 zcita ho jAtA hai ki pANini kA kAla lagabhaga bhAratayuddha se 200 varSa pazcAt arthAt 2600 vikrama pUrva hai| kisI bhI avasthA meM pANini bhAratayuddha se 300 varSa adhika uttaravartI nahIM hai| DA. satyakAma varmA ne apanA 'saMskRta vyAkaraNa kA udbhava aura vikAsa' grantha abhI abhI prakAzita kiyA hai| unhoMne pANini 10 kA kAla pAzcAttya itihAsa paramparA ke anusAra hI svIkAra kiyA haiM / hameM Azcarya isa bAta para hai ki hamane pANini ke kAla nirNaya ke liye jo antaHsAkSya upasthita kiye una para unhoMne kucha bhI nahIM likhA / vastuta: unhoMne pAzcAttya vidvAnoM kA anusaraNa karake gatAnugatiko loko na lokaH pAramArthikaH kahAvata ko hI caritArtha 15 kiyA hai| tAttvika cintana kA unhoMne prayatna hI nahIM kiyA / karate bhI kaise, usake liye gahana adhyayana vA cintana Avazyaka hai / jo una jaise vyaktiyoM ke liye sambhava hI nhiiN| pANini kI mahattA pANinIya zabdAnuzAsana kA sUkSma payavekSaNa karane se vidita hotA 20 hai ki pANini na kevala zabdazAstra kA parijJAtA thA, apitu samasta prAcIna vAGmaya meM usakI apratihata gati thii| vaidika vAGamaya' ke atirikta bhUgola itihAsa, mudrAzAstra aura lokavyavahAra Adi kA bhI vaha advitIya vidvAn thaa| usakA zabdAnuzAsana na kevala zabdajJAna ke liye apitu prAcIna bhUgola aura itihAsa ke jJAna 25 ke liye bhI eka mahAn prakAzastambha hai|' vaha atiprAcIna aura arvAcIna kAla ko jor3ane vAlA mahAn setu hai / mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali pANini ke viSaya meM likhatA hai-- 1. zAkalyaH pANinirNaska iti RgarthaparAstrayaH / veGkaTamAdhava mantrArthAnukramaNI RgbhASya 71 ke Arambha meN| 2. pANinIya vyAkaraNa meM 30 ullikhita prAcIna vAGmaya kA varNana hama agale adhyAya meM kareMge /

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10 5 prathAt-- darbhapavitrapANi prAmANika AcArya ne zuddha ekAnta sthAna meM prAGamukha baiThakara ekAgracita hokara bahuta prayatnapUrvaka sUtroM kA praNayana' = prakaraNa vizeSa sthApana kiyA hai / ataH usa meM eka varNa bhI anarthaka nahIM ho sakatA, itane bar3e sUtra ke prAnarthakya kA to kyA kahanA ? punaH likhA hai sAmarthyayogAnnahi kicidasmin pazyAmi zAstre yavanarthakaM syAt / " arthAt -- sUtroM ke pArasparika sambandharUpI sAmarthya se maiM isa zAstra meM kucha bhI anarthaka nahIM dekhatA / saMskRta vyAkaraNa zAstra kA itihAsa pramANabhUta prAcAryo darbhapavitrapANiH zucAvavakAze prAGmukha upavizya mahatA prayatnena sUtrANi praNayati sma / tatrAzakyaM varNenApyanarthakena bhavitum, kiM punariyatA sUtreNa / " 222 zeSazemuSI sampanna tarkapravaNa pataJjali kA pANinIya zAstra ke viSaya meM ukta lekha usakI atyanta mahattA ko prakaTa karatA hai / jayAditya 'udak ca vipAzaH " sUtra kI vRtti meM likhatA hai - mahatI sUkSmekSikA vartate sUtrakArasya / 15 25 30 prasiddha cIno yAtrI hyUnasAMga likhatA hai -- RSi ne pUrNa mana se 20 zabdabhaNDAra se zabda cunane prArambha kiye, aura 1000 dohoM meM sArI vyutpatti rcii| pratyeka dohA 32 akSaroM kA thA / isameM prAcIna tathA navIna sampUrNa likhita jJAna samApta ho gayA / zabda aura akSara viSayaka koI bhI bAta chUTane nahIM pAI / arthAt - sUtrakAra kI dRSTi bar3I sUkSma hai / vaha sAdhAraNa se svara kI bhI upekSA nahIM karatA / 1. mahAbhASya 1 / 1 / 1, pRSTha 36 / 1 2. tulanA karo - 'agni praNayati' 'apaH praNayan' prAdi zrotaprayoga / isI dRSTi se pataJjali ne 'pANinIyaM mahat suvihitam' kA ullekha kiyA hai (mahA 4 / 2066) / 3. 6 / 1 / 77 / / 4. aSTA0 4 / 2|74 // J 5. hya nasAMga ke lekha se yaha bhrAnti nahIM honI cAhiye ki pANinIya grantha pahile chandobaddha thA / granthaparimANa darzAne kI yaha prAcIna zailI hai / 6. hya nasAMga vATarsa kA anuvAda, bhAga 1, pRSTha 221 //

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223 pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana . 12 vIM zatAbdI kA Rgveda kA bhASyakAra veGkaTamAdhava likhatA hai-zAkalyaH pANiniryAska ityUgarthaparAstrayaH / ' arthAt Rgveda ke jJAtA tIna haiM -zAkalya, pANini aura yAska / veGkaTamAdhava kA yaha lekha sarvadA satya hai| vedArtha meM svarajJAna saba se pradhAna sAdhana hai / pANini ne svarazAstra ke sUkSmavivecana kI daSTi se na kevala pratyeka pratyaya tathA Adeza ke nit, nit, cit, Adi anubandhoM para vizeSa dhyAna rakkhA hai apitu lagabhaga 400 sUtra kevala svara-vizeSa ke parijJAna ke liye hI race / isase pANini kI vedajJatA vispaSTa hai| pANinIya vyAkaraNa aura mAhezvara sampradAya--ziva mahezvara ne bhI vedAGgoM kA pravacana kiyA thA, yaha hama pUrva (pRSTha 67 meM) likha 10 cuke haiN| pANinIya vyAkaraNa kA sambandha zaiva--mAhezvara sampradAya ke sAtha hai / yaha bAta pratyAhAra sUtroM ko mAhezvara sUtra kahane se hI spaSTa hai| aGkoravat ke zilAlekha meM bhI eka zaivavyAkaraNa kA nirdeza milatA hai| yahAM bhArata ke samAna yaha kiMvadanto bhI prasiddha haiM ki zivajI ke DamarU bajAte hI vyAkaraNa ke zivasUtra prakaTa ho 15 gaye / dra0-bRhattara bhArata pRSTha 332 / pANinIya vyAkaraNa aura pAzcAttya aba hama pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke viSaya meM Adhunika pAzcAttya vidvAnoM kA mata darzAte haiM / - 1. iGgalaiNDa deza kA pro0 moniyara viliyamsa kahatA hai- 20 'saMskRta vyAkaraNa usa mAnava mastiSka kI pratibhA kA Azcaryatama namUnA hai, jise kisI deza ne aba taka sAmane nahIM rkkhaa'| 2. jarmana dezaja pro0 maiksamUlara likhatA hai-'hinduoM ke vyAkaraNa anvaya kI yogyatA saMsAra kI kisI jAti ke vyAkaraNa sAhitya se car3ha bar3ha kara haiN| ___3. kolabuka kA mata hai-'vyAkaraNa ke niyama atyanta satarkatA se banAye gaye the, aura una kI zailI atyanta pratibhApUrNa thI' 1. mantrArthAnukramaNI, RgbhASya 8, 1 ke prArambha meM / 2. hama ne agale cAra uddharaNa 'mahAn bhArata' nAmaka grantha ke pRSTha 146, 150 se uddhRta kiye haiN|

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224 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 4. sara W. W. haNTara kahatA hai-saMsAra ke vyAkaraNoM meM pANini kA vyAkaraNa coTI kA hai| usakI varNazuddhatA, bhASA kA dhAtvanvaya siddhAnta aura prayogavidhiyAM advitIya evaM pUrva haiM / ...... yaha mAnava mastiSka kA atyanta mahattvapUrNa AviSkAra hai'| 5 5. leninagrADa ke pro0 TI0 zeravAtsako ne pANinIya vyAkaraNa kA kathana karate hue use 'insAnI dimAga ko saba se bar3I racanAoM meM se eka' batAyA hai / ' kyA kAtyAyana aura pataJjali pANini kA khaNDana karate haiM ? mahAbhASya kA yatkicit adhyayana karane vAle aura vaha bhI anArSa 10 buddhi se, kahate haiM ki kAtyAyana aura pataJjali pANini ke zatazaH sUtroM aura sUtrAMzoM kA khaNDana karate haiM / isI ke AdhAra para ina zrAjJAna- zUnya logoM ne yathottaramunInAM prAmANyam' aisA vacana bhI ghar3a liyA hai / vastuta: arvAcInoM kA yaha mata sarvathA prayukta hai | yadi kAtyAyana aura pataJjali pANini ke grantha meM itanI azuddhiyAM 15 samajhate to na kAtyAyana aSTAdhyAyI para vArtika likhatA aura na pataJjali mahAbhASya, tathA na pataJjali yaha kahate ki 'isa zAstra meM eka varNa bhI anarthaka nahI hai / isa se mAnanA hogA ki kAtyAyana aura pataJjali ne una sUtroM vA sUtrAMzoM kA khaNDana nahIM kiyA, apitu apane buddhicAturya se prakArAntara dvArA prayoga -siddhi kA nidarzanamAtra 20 karAyA hai / samasta arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNoM meM mahAbhASya kI 'siddhAnta ratna - 1. paM0 javAharalAla likhita 'hindustAna kI kahAnI' pRSTha 131 / 2. mahAbhASyapradIpodyota 3|1|80|| nahi bhASyakAramatamanAdRtya sUtrakArasya kazcanAbhiprAyo varNayitu N yujyate / sUtrakAravArtikakArAbhyAM tasyaiva prAmA25 NyadarzanAt / tathA cAhu: - catuSkapaJcakasthAneSUttarottarato bhASyakArasyaiva prAmANyamiti / tantrapradIpa 7 / 1, 12, dhAtupradIpa bhUmikA pRSTha 2 meM uddhRta / isakA pUrva bhAga sarvathA itihAsa viruddha hai / maitreyarakSita kA ukta kathana tabhI sambhava ho sakatA hai, jaba pANini kAtyAyana aura pataJjali samakAlika hoM / 3. mahAbhASya 1 / 1 / 1 / / tathA sAmarthyayogAntahi kiJcidasmin pazyAmi 30 zAstre yadanarthakaM syAt / mahAbhASya 6 / 1577 //

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26 pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana 225 prakAza' nAmnI vyAkhyA ke lekhaka zivarAmendra sarasvatI ho eka mAtra aise vaiyAkaraNa haiM jinhoMne vArtikakAra aura bhASyakAra dvArA udbhAvita pratyAkhyAna ko prakArAntara se arthAt sUtra ke vinA bhI sUtrokta udAharaNoM kI siddha darzAnA mAnA hai| zivarAmendra sarasvatI ne na dhAtulopa ArdhadhAtuke (1 / 1 / 4) kI vyAkhyA meM likhA hai____atredamavadheyam-loluvaH popuva ityAdIni prakRtasUtrodAharaNAni yAni vRttikA nirdiSTAni tAni sUtraM vinApi sAdhayituM zakyanta ityetAvanmAtrAbhiprAyeNa 'anArambho vA' ityAdibhASyaM pravRttaM, na tu sarvathA sUtraM mAstviti / ____ arthAt-vRttikAroM dvArA nirdiSTa udAharaNa sUtra ke vinA bhI 10 siddha kiye jA sakate haiM itane hI abhiprAya se 'anArambho vA' bhASya pravRtta huA hai, na ki sUtra sarvathA na hove| isI siddhAnta kA nirdeza zivarAmendra sarasvatI ne isI sUtra ke bhASya kI vyAkhyA meM Age punaH kiyA hai na ca sarvatra....."samastazAstrasya pratyAkhyeyakartavye bhASyakRtA 15 vyAkaraNAntarameva katuM yuktam, na tu pANinIyapratiSThApanam / ...." tasmAt sthitamidaM sUtram / arthAta-..... samastazAstra ke pratyAkhyeya hone para bhASyakAra ko vyAkaraNAntara kA hI pravacana karanA yukta thA, na ki pANinIya tantra kA pratiSThApana |..."isliye yaha sUtra (1 / 1 / 4) sthita hai 20 [pratyAkhyAta nahIM hai] / __prakArAntara se samAdhAna karane kI dRSTi se vardhamAna gaNaratnamahodadhi meM likhatA hai dvitIyatRtIyetyAdisUtraM bRhattantre vyartham / gaNasamAzrayaNameva zreyaH / pRSTha 76 / 25 arthAt-bRhattantra (pANinIya tantra) meM dvitIyatRtIya (2 / 2 / 3) sUtra vyartha hai / usakA gaNapATha meM AzrayaNa karanA acchA hai / kAtyAyana aura pataJjali dvArA pradarzita prakArAntara-nirdeza se uttaravartI candragomI prabhRti prAcAryoM ne bahuta lAbha uThAyA hai| yaha uttaravartI vyAkaraNa granthoM kI tulanA se spaSTa hai /

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10 saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa kRSNacarita ke racayitA samudragupta kI sammati mahArAja samudragupta ne apane kRSNacarita ke Arambha meM munikavivarNana meM vArtikakAra ke liye likhA hai 226 na kevalaM vyAkaraNaM pupoSa dAkSIsutasyeritavatikairyaH / arthAt -- kAtyAyana ne apane vArtikoM dvArA pANinIya vyAkaraNa ko puSTa kiyA thA / isase bhI spaSTa hai ki arvAcIna prArSajJAna-vihIna vaiyAkaraNoM kA kAtyAyana aura pataJjali dvArA pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke khaNDana kA udghoSa sarvathA ajJAnamUlaka hai| zrAdhunika bhAratIyoM dvArA pANini kI jhAlocanA - jisa pANinIya tantra kI prazaMsA mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali jaise padavAkyapramANajJa vidvAn karate haiM, aura katipaya pAzcAttya vidvAn bhI pANini kI sUkSmekSikA kA varNana karate hue nahIM aghAte, usa pANini ko katipaya vidvAn ajJAnI kahane meM apanA gaurava samajhate haiM / 15 baTa kRSNa ghoSa ne iNDiyana hisTorikala kvATarlI bhAga 10 meM likhA hai -- pANini RkprAtizAkhya ko vinA samajhe nakala karatA hai / ' paM0 vizvabandhu zAstrI ne bhI atharva prAtizAkhya ke Arambha meM zukla yajuSa prAtizAkhya ke eka sUtra kI pANini ke sUtra ke sAtha 20 tulanA karake likhA hai - - yahAM pANini ke vyAkaraNa meM nyUnatA raha gaI hai' / dra0 - pRSTha 34 // vastutaH ina mahAnubhAvoM ne na prAtizAkhyoM ko samajhA hai, aura na pANinIya zAstra ko / apane jJAna ke darpa meM ye pANini ko ajJa yA alpajJa siddha karane kI ceSTA karate haiM / vastuta; donoM sthAnoM para 25 pANini ke nirdeza meM koI doSa nahIM hai / pANinIya tantra kA Adi sUtra kaiTa Adi vaiyAkaraNoM kA kathana hai ki 'atha zabdAnuzAsanam ' vacana bhASyakAra kA hai / ' pANinIya tantra kA Arambha 'vRddhirAdaic' 1. nirNayasAgara mudrita mahAbhASya bhAga 1 pRSTha 6 / padamaJjarI 'atha 30 zabdAnuzAsanam' ; bhAga 1, pRSTha 3 /

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pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana 227 sUtra se hotA hai| yaha kathana sarvathA ayukta haiM / prAcIna sUtragranthoM kI racanAzailI ke anusAra yaha vacana pANinIya hI pratIta hotA hai| mahAbhASya ke prArambha meM bhagavAna pataJjali ne likhA hai atheti zabdo'dhikArArthaH prayujyate / zabdAnuzAsanaM nAma zAstramadhikRtaM veditavyam / ___ isa vAkya meM 'prayujyate' kriyA kA kartA yadi pANini mAnA jAya, taba to isakI uttaravAkya se saMgati ThIka lagatI hai / anyathA 'prayujyate' kriyA kA kartA pataJjali hogA, aura 'adhikRtam' kA pANini / kyoMki zAstra kA racayitA pANini hI hai / vibhinna kartA mAnane para yahAM ekavAkyatA nahIM bntii| aba hama 'pratha zabdAnuzAsanam' sUtra ke pANinIya hone meM prAcIna pramANa upasthita karate haiM___1. aSTAdhyAyI ke kaI hastalekhoM kA prArambha isI sUtra se hotA ___2. kAzikA aura bhASAvRtti meM anya sUtroM ke sadRza isa kI bhI 15 vyAkhyA kI hai, arthAt unhoMne pANinIya grantha kA prArambha yahIM se mAnA hai| 3. bhASAvRtti kA vyAkhyAtA sRSTidharAcArya likhatA hai vyAkaraNazAstramArabhamANo bhagavAn pANinimuniH prayojananAmanI vyAcikhyAsuH pratijAnIte-atha zabdAnuzAsanamiti / / 20 / arthAt-vyAkaraNazAstra kA prArambha karate hue bhagavAn pANini ne zAstra kA prayojana aura nAma batAne ke liye 'atha zabdAnuzAsanam' sUtra racA hai| 1. svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ke saMgraha meM saM0 1662 kI likhI pustaka / yaha isa samaya zrImatI parokAriNI sabhA ajamera ke saMgraha meM hai| 25 dayAnanda eMglo vaidika kAleja lAhaura ke lAlacanda pustakAlaya kI eka likhita pustaka / saM0 1944 vikramI meM pro0 voTaliMka dvArA mudrita aSTAdhyAyI / dekho, pro0 raghuvIra ema0 e0 dvArA sampAdita svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI viracita aSTAdhyAyI-bhASya, bhAga 1, pRSTha 1 / 2. bhASAvRttyarthavivRtti ke prArambha meN| ,

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228 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 4. manusmRti kA vyAkhyAtA medhAtithi isa ko pANinIya sUtra mAnatA hai| vaha likhatA hai pauruSeyeSvapi grantheSu naiva sarveSu prayojanAbhidhAnamAdriyate / tathA hi bhagavAn pANiniranuktvaiva prayojanam 'atha zabdAnuzAsanam' iti 5 suutrsndrbhmaarbhte| arthAta-saba pauruSeya granthoM meM bhI grantha ke prayojana kA kathana nahIM hotaa| bhagavAn pANini ne apane zAstra kA prayojana vinA kahe 'atha zabdAnuzAsanam' ityAdi sUtrasamUha kA prArambha kiyA hai| 5. nyAsakAra jinendrabuddhi kAzikA 3 / 4 / 16 kI vyAkhyA meM 10 likhatA hai zabdAnuzAsanaprastAvAdeva hi zabdasyeti siddhe zabdagrahaNaM yatra zabdaparo nirdezastatra svaM rUpaM gRhyate, nArthaparanirdeza iti jJApanArtham / / __arthAt-zabdAnuzAsana ke prastAva se hI zabda kA saMbandha siddha hai| punaH 'svaM rUpaM zabdasyAzabdasaMjJA sUtra meM zabdagrahaNa isa bAta kA 15 jJApaka hai ki jahAM zabdapradhAna nirdeza hotA hai, vahIM rUpagrahaNa hotA hai, arthapradhAna meM nhiiN| * yahAM nyAsakAra ko 'zabdAnuzAsanaprastAva' zabda se 'atha zabdAnuzAsanam' sUtra hI abhipreta hai| ina pramANoM se spaSTa hai ki 'atha zabdAnuzAsanam' sUtra pANinIya 20 hI hai / ata eva svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ne apane aSTAdhyAyIbhASya ke prArambha meM likhA hai idaM sUtra pANinIyameva / prAcInalikhitapustakeSu praadaavivmevaasti| dRzyante ca sarvagvArSeSu grantheSvAdau pratijJAsUtrANIdRzAni / kaiyaTa Adi granthakAroM ko 'vRddhirAdec" sUtra ke 'maGgalArtha vRddhi25 zabdamAditaH prayuGkte' isa mahAbhASya ke vacana se bhrAnti huI hai| aura isI ke AdhAra para arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa pratyAhArasUtroM ko bhI apANinIya mAnate haiN| 1. manusmRti TIkA 111 // pRSTha 1 / 2. nyAsa bhAga 1, pRSTha 755 / 3. aSTA0 111 // 6 // 30 4. dra0-pRSTha 227, Ti. 1 / 5. aSTA0 // 11 //

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229 pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana kyA pratyAhArasUtra apANinIya haiM ? bhaTToji dIkSita prabhRti pANinIya vaiyAkaraNoM kA mata hai ki pratyAhArasUtra mahezvaraviracita haiM,' arthAt apANinIya haiM / yaha mata sarvathA ayukta hai| inako apANinIya mAnane meM nandikezvarakRta kAzikA ke atirikta koI prAcIna sudRr3ha pramANa nahIM hai| pratyAhAra- 5 sUtra pANinIya haiM, isa viSaya meM aneka pramANa haiN| vartamAna samaya meM saba se prathama svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ne isa ora vidvAnoM kA dhyAna AkRSTa kiyA hai / unhoMne aSTAdhyAyIbhASya meM mahAbhASya kA nimna pramANa upasthita kiyA hai 1. hayavaraT sUtra para mahAbhASyakAra ne likhA hai___ eSA hyAcAryasya zailI lakSyate--yattulyajAtIyAMstulyajAtIyeSUpadizati-praco'kSu halo hlssu|| ___mahAbhASya meM prAcArya pada kA vyavahAra kevala pANini aura kAtyAyana do ke liye huA hai| yahAM prAcArya pada kA nirdeza kAtyAyana ke liye nahIM hai, ataH pratyAhArasUtroM kA racayitA pANini hI hai| 15 2. vRddhirAdaic sUtra ke mahAbhASya meM vRddhi aura prAdaic pada kA sAdhutva pratipAdana karate hue pataJjali ne likhA hai___ kRtamanayoH sAdhutvam, katham ? vRdhirasmA avizeSeNopadiSTaH prakRtipAThe, tasmAt ktin pratyayaH / prAdaico'pyakSarasamAmnAya upadiSTAH / isa vAkya meM 'kRtam' tathA 'upadiSTa:' donoM kriyAoM kA prayoga batA rahA hai ki vRdha dhAtu ktin pratyaya aura prAdaic pratyAhAra ina saba kA upadeza karane vAlA eka hI vyakti hai| . 3. saMvat 687 ke lagabhaga hone vAlA skandasvAmI nirukta 11 kI TIkA meM pratyAhArasUtroM ko pANinIya likhatA hai 25 nApi 'aiuN' iti pANinIyapratyAhArasamAmnAyavat ...... 2. iti mAhezvarANi sUtrANyaNAdisaMjJArthakAni / siddhAntakaumudI ke prArambha meN| 2. bhAga 1, pRSTha 11 (prathama saM0) / 3. pratyAhArasUtra 5 / 4. aSTA0 1 / 1 / 1 // 5. nirukta TIkA bhAga 1, pRSTha 8 /

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230 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 4. saM0 1100 ke lagabhaga hone vAlA AzcaryamaJjarI kA kartA kulazekharavarmA pratyAhArasUtroM ko pANiniviracita mAnatA hai- . pANinipratyAhAra iva mahAprANajhaSAzliSTo jhssaalNkRtshc(smudrH)| 5-6. puruSottamadeva, sRSTidharAcArya, medhAtithi, nyAsakAra aura jayAditya ke mata meM 'atha zabdAnuzAsanam' sUtra pANinIya hai, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiN| ataH una ke mata meM pratyAhArasUtra bho pANinIya haiM, yaha svayaMsiddha hai| 10. aSTAdhyAyI ke aneka prAcIna hastalekhoM meM 'hala" sUtra ke 10 anantara 'iti pratyAhArasUtrANi' itanA hI nirdeza milatA hai / ina uparyukta pramANoM se siddha hai ki pratyAhArasUtra pANinoya haiM / bhrAnti kA kAraNa--isa bhrama kA kAraNa atyanta sAdhAraNa hai| mahAbhASyakAra ne 'vRddhirAdec" sUtra para likhA hai-mAGgalika prAcAryo mahataH zAstraughasya maGgalAthaM vRddhizabdamAditaH prayuGkte / 15 arthAt-prAcArya pANini maGgala ke liye zAstra ke prArambha meM vRddhi zabda kA prayoga karatA hai| ___ mahAbhASya kI isa paMkti meM 'Adi' pada ko dekha kara arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNoM ko bhrama huA hai ki pANinIya zAstra kA prArambha 'vRddhirAdaic' se hotA hai, arthAta usase pUrva ke sUtra pANinIya nahIM haiM / isa para vicAra karane ke pUrva Adi madhya aura anta zabdoM ke vyavahAra para dhyAna denA Avazyaka hai / mahAbhASyakAra ne 'bhUvAdayo dhAtavaH'6 sUtra para likhA hai mAGgalika prAcAryo mahata: zAstraughasya maGgalArtha vakArAgamaM prayuGkte / maGgalAdIni maGgalamadhyAni maGgalAntAni zAstrANi 25 prthnte| isa paGakti meM pANinIya zAstrAntargata prAdi madhya aura anta ke 1. saM0 sA0 kA saMkSipta itihAsa, pRSTha 401 / 2. amaraTIkAsarvasva bhAga 1, pRSTha 186 para uddhRt| 3. pUrva pRSTha 227, 228 / 4. pratyAhArasUtra 14 / 5. aSTA0 1 / 1 / 1 // 6. aSTA0 1 / 3 / 1 // 30

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pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana 231 tIna maGgaloM kI ora saMketa kiyA hai, aura 'bhUvAdayo dhAtavaH' sUtra ke vakArAgama ko zAstra kA madhya maGgala kahA hai| kAzikAkAra 'nodAttasvaritodayam" ityAdi sUtra kI vyAkhyA meM likhatA hai udAttaparasyeti vaktavye udayagrahaNaM maGgalArzam / yaha zAstra ke anta kA maGgala hai| ina uddharaNoM meM prayukta Adi madhya aura anta zabdoM para dhyAna dene se vidita hogA ki madhya aura anta zabda yahAM apane mukhyArtha meM prayukta nahIM hue haiM, yaha vispaSTa hai / kyoMki 'bhUvAdayo dhAtavaH' zAstra ke ThIka madhya meM nahIM hai| isI prakAra 'nodAttasvaritodayam' sUtra bhI 10 sarvAnta meM nahIM hai, anyathA zAstra ke antima sUtra 'pa" ko apANinIya mAnanA hogaa| mahAbhASyakAra ne 'aiuNa sUtra para 'pa a' ko pANinIya mAnA hai| ataH mahAbhASya ke uparyukta uddharaNoM meM Adi, madhya aura anta zabda sAmIpyAdi sambandha dvArA lakSaNArtha meM prayukta hue haiM, yaha spaSTa hai| Adi aura anta zabda kA isa prakAra lAkSaNika prayoga prAcIna granthoM meM prAyaH upalabdha hotA hai| nairuktasampradAya kA prAmANika AcArya vararuci apane niruktasamuccaya ke prArambha meM likhatA hai mantrArthajJAnasya zAstrAdau prayojanamuktam-yo'rthajJa itsakalaM bhadramaznute nAkameti jJAnavidhUtapApmA iti / zAstrAnte ca-yAM yAM devatAM nirAha tasyAstasyAstAdbhAvyamanubhavatIti / ina donoM uddharaNoM meM kramaza: nirukta 18 aura 13 / 13 ke pATha ko nirukta ke Adi aura anta kA pATha likhA hai| kyA isase AcArya vararuci ke mata meM nirukta kA prArambha 'yo'rthajJa' se mAnA 25 1. aSTA0 8 / 4 / 67 // 2. aSTA0 8 / 4 / 68 // ___3. pratyAhArasUtra 1 / 4. yadayam 'a a' ityakArasya vivRtasya saMvRtatApratyApatti zAsti / 5. niruktasamuccaya (hamArA dvi. tR0 saMskaraNa) pRSTha 1 / 6. niruktasamuccaya (hamArA dvi0 tR0 saMskaraNa) pRSTha 2 / 20

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232 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa jAyegA? vararuci ne apane grantha meM nirukta 1118 se pUrva ke aneka pATha uddhRta kiye haiN|' ataH aise vacanoM ke AdhAra para isa prakAra ke bhramapUrNa siddhAntoM kI kalpanA karanA sarvathA ayukta hai / isaliye pUrvokta pramANoM ke anusAra pANinIya zAstra kA prArambha 'pratha zabdAnuzAsanam' se samajhanA cAhiye, aura pratyAhAra sUtra bhI pANinIya hI mAnane caahiye| yahI yuktiyukta hai| ___ isI prakAra eka bhUla kAtyAyanakRta vArtikapATha ke sambandha meM bhI huI hai| isakA nirdeza hama kAtyAyana ke prakaraNa meM kareMge / aSTAdhyAyI aura prApizala tathA pANinIyazikSA se tulanA pANinoya aura Apizala zikSA ke prakaraNaviccheda ke sAtha aSTAdhyAyI ke adhyAyoM kI tulanA kI jAe to yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki jaise donoM kI zikSAoM meM prathama sthAna prakaraNa se pUrva paThita sUtra usake upoddhAta rUpa haiM, aura ATha prakaraNoM se bahirbhUta hote hue 15 bhI zikSA ke aGga haiM, usI prakAra aSTAdhyAyI ke prathamAdhyAya kA prArambha 'vRddhirAdaica' se hone para bhI 'atha zabdAnuzAsanama' aura pratyAhArasUtra adhyAyaviccheda se bahirbhUta hote hue bhI aSTAdhyAyI ke aGga aura pANini dvArA hI prokta haiN| aSTAdhyAyI ke pAThAntara pahale hamArA vicAra thA ki pANini ke likhe granthoM meM hI pAThAntara adhika hue haiM, aSTAdhyAyI kA pATha prAyaH surakSita rahA hai| parantu zatazaH granthoM kA pArAyaNa karane para vidita huA ki sUtrapATha meM bhI paryApta pAThAntara ho cuke haiN| hAM itanA ThIka hai ki anya granthoM kI apekSA isa meM pAThAntara svalpa haiN| hamane vyAkaraNa ke saba 25 madrita granthoM aura anya viSaya ke vividha granthoM kA pArAyaNa karake sUtrapATha ke lagabhaga do sau pAThAntara saMgRhIta kiye haiN|' 1. niruktasamuccaya (hamArA dvi0 tR0 saMskaraNa) pRSTha 2,3,4 ityAdi / 2. dhAtupATha, gaNapATha, uNAdisUtra aura liGgAnuzAsana ye aSTAdhyAyI ke khila arthAt pariziSTa mAne jAte haiM / dekho kAzikA 113 // 2 // 30 3. rAmalAla kapUra TrasTa se 'pANinIya zabdAnuzAsanam (prathama bhAga) meM

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pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana 233 pAThAntaroM ke tIna bheda-pANinIya sUtrapATha ke jitane pAThAntara upalabdha hote haiM, unheM hama tIna bhAgoM meM bAMTa sakate haiM / yathA 1-kucha pAThAntara aise haiM, jo pANini ke svakIya pravacanabheda se utpanna hue haiM / yathA-ubhayathA' hyAcAryeNa ziSyAH sUtraM pratipAditAH / kecidAkaDArAdekA saMjJA iti, kecit prAkkaDArAt paraM 5 kAryamiti / zuGgAzabdaM strIliGgamanye paThanti / tato DhakaM pratyudAharanti zauGgeya iti / dvayamapi caitat pramANam--ubhayathA sUtrapraNayanAt / ' 2-vRttikAroM kI vyAkhyAnoM ke bheda se / yathA--jaradbhirityapi pAThaH kenacidAcaryeNa bodhitaH / kANDeviddhibhya ityanye paThanti / sambhava hai ye pAThabheda bhI prAcArya ke pravacana-bheda se hue hoM, aura vRttivizeSa meM surakSita rahe hoN| 3-lekhaka Adi ke pramAda se / yathA-evaM caTakAdairagityetat sUtramAsIt / idAnIM pramAdAt caTakAyA iti pAThaH / ___ granthakAra ke pravacanabheda se utpanna pAThAntara atyanta svalpa haiN| vRttikAroM ke vyAkhyAbheda aura lekhakapramAda se hue pAThAntara adhika mudrita aSTAdhyAyI ke vizeSa saMskaraNa (saM0 2028) meM hamane ye saba pAThabheda de diye haiN| 1. kAzikA 6 / 2 / 104 meM udAharaNa hai-'pUrvapANinIyAH, aparapANinIyAH' / ina udAharaNoM se bhI spaSTa hai ki pANini ne bahudhA aSTAdhyAyI kA pravacana kiyA thaa| 2. mahAbhASya 1141 // - 3. kAzikA 4111117 / / dekho isa sUtra kA nyAsa-'ubhayathA hyatata sUtramAcAryeNa prnniitm'| 4. padamaJjarI 2 / 1167 / bhAga 1, pRSTha 384 // 25 5. padamaJjarI 4 / 181 // bhAga2, pRSTha 70 // 6. nyAsa 4 / 1 / 128 // 7. paM0 rAmazaMkara bhaTTAcArya ne hamAre dvArA saMgRhIta tathA svayaM saMgRhIta aSTAdhyAyI ke pAThAntaroM kA saMkalana 'sArasvatI suSamA' (kAzI)ke caitra saM0 2006 ke aGka (71) meM prakAzita kiyA hai| dra0 pR0 232, Ti0 3 / 30

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234 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kyA sUtroM meM vArtikAMzoM kA prakSepa kAzikAkAra kA hai ? kaiyaTa' haradatta Adi vaiyAkaraNoM kA mata hai ki jina jina sUtroM meM vArtikAMzoM kA pATha milatA hai, vaha kAzikAkAra kA prakSepa hai / parantu hamArA vicAra hai ki ye prakSepa kAzikAkAra ke nahIM haiM, apitu usase bahuta prAcIna haiN| hamAre isa vicAra meM nimna kAraNa haiM pANini kA sUtra hai-adhyAyanyAyodyAvasaMhArAzca / isa viSaya meM mahAbhASya meM vArtika par3hA hai-dhavidhAvavahArAdhArAvAyAnAmupasaMkhyAnam / kAzikAkAra ne 'adhyAyanyAyodyAvasaMhArAdhArAvAyAzca pATha mAna kara cakAra se 'avahAra' prayoga kA saMgraha kiyA hai / yadi 10 vArtikAntargata 'AdhAra' aura 'pAvAya' padoM kA sUtrapATha meM prakSepa kAzikAkAra ne kiyA hotA, to vaha vArtika-nirdiSTa tRtIya 'avahAra' pada kA bhI prakSepa kara sakatA thA / parantu vaha usakA prakSepa na karake cakAra se saMgraha karatA hai| 2-pANini ke 'prAsuyuvapirapitrapicamazca" sUtra ke viSaya meM 15 mahAbhASya meM vArtika par3hA hai-lapidabhibhyAM ca / kAzikAkAra ne 'pAsuyuvapirapilapitrapicamazca sUtrapATha mAnA hai, aura 'dAbhyam' prayoga kI siddhi cakAra meM darzAI haiN| yadi sUtrapATha meM 'lapi' kA prakSepa kAzikAkAra ne kiyA, to 'dabhi' kA kyoM nahIM kiyA ? ataH 'dAbhyama' prayoga kI siddhi ke liye sUtrapATha meM 'dabhi' kA pATha na 20 karake cakAra se saMgraha karanA isa bAta kA jJApaka hai ki isa prakAra ke prakSepa kAzikAkAra ke nahIM haiN| __3-lAkSArocanAdvak sUtra para vArtika hai-ThakaprakaraNe zakalakardamAbhyAmupasaMkhyAnam / kAzikAkAra ne lAkSArocanAzakalakarda mATTha" sUtra mAna kara likhA hai- 'zakalakardamAbhyAmaNapoSyate 25 1. mahAbhASya-pradIpa 3333121 // 2. padamaJjarI 123 / 26; 3333122, 4 / 1 / 166; 6 / 11100 // 3. dIkSita, zabdakaustubha 4 / 4 / 17, pRSTha 207 / 4. aSTA 33 / 122 // 5. a0 3 / 3 / 12 // 6. kAzikA 33 / 122 // 7. aSTA0 3 / 1 / 126 // 8. mahAbhASya 3311124 // 6. kAzikA 3 / 1 / 126 // 10. aSTA0 4.2 // 2 // 11. kAzikA 4 / 2 / / 12. kAzikA 4 / 2 / 2 //

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pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana 235 zAkalam, kArdamam / kAzikAkAra se prAcIna cAndra vyAkaraNa meM 'zaphalakardamAdvA" aisA sUtra par3hA hai / yadi sUtrapATha meM zakala kardama kA prakSepa jayAditya ne kiyA hotA, to vaha 'zakalakardamAbhyAmaNapoSyate' aisI iSTi na par3ha kara sIdhA 'zakalakadamAdvA' sUtra banAkara prakSepa krtaa| ___4-kAzikAkAra 7 / 2 / 46 para likhatA hai-'kecidatra bharajJapisanitanipatidaridrANAmiti paThanti / arthAt-kaI vRttikAra isa sUtra meM tani, pati, daridrA ye tIna dhAtueM adhika par3hate haiN| isase spaSTa hai ki kinhIM pracIna vRttiyoM meM isa sUtra kA bRhat pATha vidyamAna hone para bhI vAmana ne usa pATha ko 10 svIkAra nahIM kiyaa| yadi use prakSepa karanA iSTa hotA, to vaha yahAM bhI ina dhAtuoM kA prakSepa kara sakatA thaa| isase yaha bhI spaSTa hai ki kAzikAkAra jahAM jahAM bRhat pATha ko pANinIya mAnatA thA, vahIM vahIM usane use svIkAra kiyA hai / ___kAzikAkAra para arvAcInoM ke AkSepa jisa prakAra kAzikAkAra para prAcIna vaiyAkaraNoM ne pANinIya sUtrapATha meM vArtikAMzoM ke prakSepa kA AkSepa kiyA hai, usI prakAra arvAcIna loga bhI candragomI ke vaiziSTya aura usake sUtrapATha ko pANinIya pATha meM sanniviSTa karane kA AkSepa kAzikAkAra para lagAte haiN| pro0 kIlahAna kahate haiM-'kAzikAkAra ne candragomI kI sAmagrI kA apanI vRtti-racanA meM paryApta upayoga kiyA hai / isalie kAtyAyana ke vArtikoM ke AdhAra para racita candragomI ke kucha sUtroM ko bhI kAzikAkAra ne pANini ke maulika sUtroM ke sthAna para pratiSThata kara diyaa|' pro0 belvAlkara likhate haiM-'candragomI dvArA prastuta kie gae sampUrNa saMzodhanoM ko pANinIya sampradAya meM antarbhUta karake upasthita karanA hI kAzikAkAra kA uddezya thaa|" 1. cAndra 3112 // jainendra zabdArNava-candrikA 3 / 212 meM yahI pATha hai| 2. 'saM0 vyAkaraNa meM gaNapATha kI paramparA aura prAcArya pANini' meM 30 pRSTha 82, 83 para uddhRt| 3. vahI, pRSTha 100 para uddhRta /

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236 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa hamAre vicAra meM kAzikAkAra para lagAe gae ye sAkSepa nitAnta asatya haiM / kAzikAkAra ne kahIM para bhI cAndra satrapATha ko pANinoya sUtrapATha meM pratiSThita karane kA prayatna nahIM kiyA / apanI isa sthApanA ke lie hama upari nirdiSTa sUtroM ko ho upasthita karate haiM / 1-pANini kA 'adhyAyanyAyodyAva0' sUtra cAndra vyAkaraNa meM hai hI nhiiN| isa sUtra aura isa ke vArtika meM par3he katipaya zabdoM kA 113 / 101 kI vRtti meM bahulAdhikAra dvArA sAdhutva kahA hai / ataH ukta pANinIya sUtra kA kAzikAkAra kA pATha cAndra pATha para Azrita nahIM hai, yaha spaSTa hai| 2-pANini ke prAsuyuvapirapi0 sUtra kA cAndra pATha hai-pAsuyuvapirapilapitrapicamidamaH (1 / 1 / 133) / isa pATha se to yaha vidita hotA hai ki candra ke sanmUkha pANini kA kAzikAkAra saMmata prAsayuvapirapilapitrapicamazca pATha hI vidyamAna thA, usI meM usane vArtikokta dabhi aMza kA prakSepa cama ke anta meM kiyaa| yadi usake 15 pAsa pANini kA prAsuyuvapirapitrapimazca laghu sUtrapATha hotA, to vaha vAtikokta lapidabhi dhAtuoM ko ikaTThA eka sthAna meM hI sanniviSTa karatA, na ki lapi ko madhya meM aura dabhi ko anta meM / itanA hI nahIM, yadi kAzikAkAra yahAM candra kA anukaraNa kara rahA hai, to usa ne dabhi kA prakSepa kyoM nahIM kiyA ? isase do bAteM spaSTa haiM, eka 2. to kAzikAkAkAra ne candra kA anukaraNa nahIM kiyA, dUsarA candra ke pAsa bhI isa sUtra kA kAzikAkAra sammata bRhat pATha hI pANinIya sUtra ke rUpa meM vidyamAna thA / 3-kAzikAkAra kA lAkSArocanAzakalardamATaThka sUtrapATha yadi cAndra pATha para Azrita hotA, to kAzikAkAra candragomI ke pratyakSa paThita zakalayardamAdvA sUtra ke hote hue usI rUpa se prakSepa na karake zakalakadamAbhyAmaNapoSyate aisI iSTi na par3hatA / yaha iSTi par3hanA hI batAtA hai ki kAzikAkAra ne cAndrasUtra ke pAThAMza ko pANinIya pATha meM prakSipta nahIM kiyaa| hAM usake mata ko iSTi ke rUpa meM saMgRhIta kara diyA / 30 4.--kAzikAkAra ne 7 / 2 / 46 para likhA hai-'kecidatra bharajJapi sanitanipatidaridrANAm iti paThanti' / candragomI kA sUtra hai

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pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana 237 sanivantardha"jJapisanitanipatidaridraH (5 / 4 / 116) / yadi kAzikAkAra ne anyatra cAndra sUtrAMzoM kA pANinIya sUtrapATha meM prakSepa kiyA hotA, to vaha yahAM para sIdhA prakSepa karake kecit paThanti kA nirdaza na krtaa| ___ ina udAharaNoM se hI spaSTa hai ki kAzikAkAra para pro0 5 kIlahAna aura DA0 belvAlkara ke lagAe gae AkSepa sarvathA nirmUla haiM / isa vivecanA se itanA to vyakta hai ki kAzikAkAra ne svavRtti kI racanA meM jahAM pANinitantra kI prAcIna vattiyoM kA sahArA liyA, vahAM cAndra Adi prAcIna vyAkaraNoM aura una kI vRttiyoM se bhI upayogI aMza svIkAra kiye / parantu kAzikAkAra ne pANinIya sUtra- 10 pATha meM vArtikAMzoM kA athavA cAndra sUtrAMzoM kA prakSepa kiyA, yaha AkSepa sarvathA nirmUla hai| kAzikAkAra ke saMmukha pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI ke laghu aura bRhat donoM pATha the| una meM se usane pANini ke bRhat pATha para apanI vRtti racI, aura vaha bRhat pATha prAcya pATha thA, yaha hama anupada likheNge| .. hamAre dvArA itane spaSTa pramANa uddhRta karane para bhI DA0 satyakAma varmA ne kAzikA meM vidyamAna pAThabhedoM kA uttaradAyitva kAzikAkAra para DAlane kI kaise ceSTA kI, yaha hamArI samajha meM nahIM pAtA / kyA isa kA kAraNa kaiyaTa Adi bhAratIya tathA pAzcAtya vidvAnoM ke mata ko vivecanA vinA kiye svIkAra kara lenA nahIM hai ? 20 aSTAdhyAyI kA trividha pATha pUrva pRSTha 232-233 para hamane pataJjali aura jayAditya jaise prAmANika prAcAryoM ke uddharaNoM se yaha pratipAdana kiyA hai ki prAcArya pANini ne apane zAstra kA aneka bAra aura anekadhA pravacana kiyA thaa| isa kI puSTi kAzikA 6 / 2 / 104 ke pUrvapANinoyAH, apara- 25 pANinIyAH udAharaNoM se bhI hotI hai| usa pravacanabheda se hI mUla zAstra meM bhI kucha bheda ho gayA thaa| prAcArya ne jina ziSyoM ko jaisA bhI pravacana kiyA, una kI ziSya-paramparA meM vahI pATha pracalita rhaa| aSTAdhyAyI aura usa ke khila pATha (dhAtupATha, gaNapATha, uNAdipATha) ke vividha pAThoM kA sUkSma anvekSaNa karake hama isI niSkarSa para pahuMce 30 haiM ki AcArya pANini ke paJcAGga vyAkaraNa kA hI vividha pATha hai|

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238 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa vaha pATha samprati prAcya, udIcya aura dAkSiNAtya dabhe se tridhA vibhakta prAcya pATha-aSTAdhyAyI ke jisa pATha para kAzikA vRtti hai, vaha prAcya pATha hai| audIcya pATha-kSIrasvAmI Adi kazmIradezIya vidvAnoM se AzrIyamANa sUtrapATha pATha audIcya pATha hai| dAkSiNAtya pATha--jisa pATha para kAtyAyana ne apane vArtika likhe haiM, vaha dAkSiNAtya pATha haiN| vRddha laghu pATha-ye tIna pATha do vibhAgoM meM vibhakta haiM--vRddhapATha 10 aura laghapATha / prAcyapATha vRddhapATha hai, aura audIcya tathA dAkSiNAtya pATha laghupATha haiM / audIcya aura dAkSiNAtya pAThoM meM avAntara bheda ati svalpa haiN| dhAtupATha, gaNapATha aura uNAdipATha ke ukta pAThavaividhya kA varNana hama ne una-una prakaraNoM meM yathAsthAna Age kiyA hai| isa ke 15 lie pAThaka dvitIya bhAga meM tattatprakaraNa dekheN| anya zAstroM ke vividha pATha-yaha pAThavaividhya aneka prAcIna zAstroM meM upalabdha hotA hai| kisI ke vRddha laghu do pATha haiM, to kisI ke vRddha madhyama aura laghu tIna pATha / yathA-- 1--nirukta ko durga aura skanda kI TIkAeM laghupATha para haiM, aura 20 sAyaNa dvArA RgbhASya meM uddhata pATha vRddhapATha hai| nirukta ke donoM pAThoM ke dvividha hastalekha adyayAvat upalabdha hote haiN| 2--manu aura cANakya ke sAtha bahutra vRddha vizeSaNa dekhA jAtA hai| prAcIna granthoM meM uddhRta vRddhamanu ke aneka vacana vartamAna manu smRti meM upalabdha nahIM hote / vartamAna manupATha laghupATha haiN| cANakya25 nIti ke vRddha aura laghu pATha Aja bhI upalabdha haiN| 3-hAridravIya gRhya ke mahApATha kA eka vacana koSItaki gRhya kI bhavatrAta TIkA pRSTha 66 para uddhRta hai| 4-bharata-nATyazAstra ke 18000 zlokoM kA vRddhapATha, 12000 zloMkoM kA madhyapATha aura 6000 zlokoM kA laghupATha thA / vartamAna

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pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana 23e nATayazAstra kA pATha laghupATha hai / bar3odA ke saMskaraNa meM kahIM-kahIM [ ] koSThAntargata madhya athavA vRddhapATha bhI nirdiSTa haiM / DA0 satyakAma varmA ko aSTAdhyAyI ke laghu aura bRhat pATha para Apatti hai| unakA kahanA hai ki - kyA aSTAdhyAyI kA bRhatpATha svIkAra karate hI pAtaJjala mahAbhASya kA adhikAMza vicAra nirarthaka 5 nahIM raha jAtA ? aura saba se bar3I bAta to yaha hai ki jo bAta pataJjali aura kAtyAyana sadRza pANini ke nikaTavartI vaiyAkaraNoM ko jJAta nahIM thI, use una se bhI ATha nau sadI bAda AnevAle vRtti - kAra jayAditya vA vAmana kaise jAne pAye ?' (pRSTha 145) / 15 isa para hameM yahI kahanA hai ki DA0 satyakAma varmA kA lekha una 10 ke svalekha ke hI viparIta hai / ve isa se pUrva pRSTha 144 para likhate haiM- " ina ziSyoM meM se kucha ne pahale sUtrapATha ko par3hA aura prAmANika mAnA hogA. jabaki kucha ne dUsare ko / " yadi ise svIkAra kara liyA jAye, to unakI pUrva Apatti svayaM samAhita ho jAtI hai / kAtyAyana usa sampradAya ke anuyAyI the, jisa ko hama laghupATha kahate haiM / unhoMne usI pATha para apane vArtika likhe / bhASyakAra ne kAtyAyana ke vArtikapATha para hI bhASya rcaa| bRhatpATha anya paramparA meM surakSita rahA / usa para jayAditya vA vAmana ne apanI vRtti likhI / hama likha cuke haiM ki dAkSiNAtya aura audicyapATha laghupATha haiM / kAtyAyana dAkSiNAtya hai aura pataJjali praudIcya ( kazmIrI ) / ataH unakI paramparA meM 20 laghupATha hI pracalita thA / pANinIya zAstra ke nAma pANinIya zAstra ke cAra nAma upalabdha hote haiM - aSTaka, aSTAdhyAyI, zabdAnuzAsana aura vRttisUtra / aSTaka, zraSTAdhyAyI - pANinIya grantha ATha adhyAyoM meM vibhakta 25 hai, ataH usake ye nAma prasiddha hue / inameM aSTAdhyAyI nAma sarvalokavizruta hai / zabdAnuzAsana - yaha nAma mahAbhASya ke prArambha meM milatA hai / vahAM likhA hai - pratheti zabdo'dhikArArthaH prayujyate / zabdAnuzAsanaM nAma zAstramadhikRtaM veditavyam / 30

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa zAstra kA itihAsa prAcArya hemacandra ke kAvyAnuzAsana aura yogAnuzAsana bhI tattad viSayaka granthoM ke nAma draSTavya haiM / 240 5 vRttisUtra - pANinIya sUtrapATha ke liye 'vRttisUtra' pada kA prayoga mahAbhASya meM do sthAnoM para upalabdha hotA hai / ' cInI yAtrI ilsiMga ne bhI isa nAma kA nirdeza kiyA hai / jayantabhaTTakRta nyAyamaJjarI meM uddhRta eka zloka meM vRttisUtra kA ullekha milatA hai / 3 nAgeza ne mahAbhASya 2 / 1 / 1 ke pradIpavivaraNa meM likhA hai pANinIyasUtrANAM vRttisadbhAvAd vAtikAnAM tadabhAvAcca tayovaiSamyabodhanAdam 10 arthAt pANinIya sUtra para vRttiyAM haiM, vArtikoM para nahIM / ataH donoM meM bheda darzAne ke liye pANinIga sUtroM ke liye vRttisUtra pada kA prayoga kiyA hai / 20 nAgeza kA 'vAtikAnAM tadabhAvAt' hetu sarvathA ThIka hai / bhartRhari mahAbhASyadIpikA meM do sthAnoM para vArtika ke liye 'bhASyasUtra' pada 15 kA vyavahAra kiyA hai / isase spaSTa hai ki vArtikoM para bhASya grantha hI likhe gae, vRttiyAM nahIM likhI gaI / pANinIya sUtroM para vRttiyAM hI likhI gaI, una para sIdhe bhASya granthoM kI racanA nahIM huI / anya kAraNa - vRttisUtra nAma kA eka anya kAraNa bhI sambhava hai / yAska ne likhA hai saMzayavatyo vRttayo bhavanti / 2 / 1 // yahAM vRtti se vyAkaraNazAstrIya kRt taddhita vRttiyA~ abhipreta haiN| 1. mahAbhASya 20111, pRSTha 371 2 2 24, pRSTha 424 / 2. itsiMga kI bhAratayAtrA, pRSTha 268 / 3. vRttisUtraM tilA mASA: kapatrI kodravaudanam / zrajaDAya pradAtavyaM jaDI 25 karaNamuttamam // bhAga 1, pRSTha 418 / paM0 gurupada hAladAra ne likhA hai bhASya ke atirikta 'vRttisUtra' zabda kA prayoga nahIM milatA ( vyA0 da0 i0 pRSTha 364) / yaha lekha ThIka nahIM / 4. mahAbhASyadIpikA hastalekha pRSTha 281, 252 ; pUnA saM0 pR0 213 meM do bAra !

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31 pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana 241 pUjyapAda ne bhI sarvArthasiddhi 2 / 42 kI svopajJa vRtti meM likhA hai-- vizeSaNaM vizeSyeNa iti vRttiH / yahAM 'vizeSaNaM vizeSyeNa' yaha pUjyapAda ke jainendra vyAkaraNa 1 / 3 / kA 52 vAM sUtra hai| isa AdhAra para vRttisUtra kA artha hogA vyAkaraNasUtra / apara kAraNa--vRtti zabda kA artha pataJjali ne zAstrapravRtti kiyA hai / ' vaiyAkaraNoM meM vyAkaraNazAstrIya sup kRt tir3a Adi pAMca vRttiyAM athavA pravRttiyAM prasiddha haiN| tadanusAra vRttisUtra zabda kA artha hogA sup prAdi vRttiyoM zAstra-pravRttiyoM ke bodhaka suutr| 10 paM0 gurupada hAladAra ne 'vRttisUtra' pada kA artha na samajha kara vividha kalpanAeM kI haiM, ve cintya haiN| mUlazAstra--gArgya gopAlayajvA apanI taittirIya prAtizAkhya kI TIkA meM pANinIya zAstra kA nirdeza mUlazAstra ke nAma se karatA hai| yathA ka--mUlazAstre tvavarNapUrvasyApi kasyacit 'rori' iti lopaH . smyte| kha-taduktaM mUlazAstre 'promabhyAdAne' acaH pluta iti / / gopAlayajvA kA pANinIya zAstra ko mUlazAstra kahane meM kyA abhiprAya hai, yaha hameM jJAta nahI / ho sakatA hai vaha prAtizAkhyoM ko 20 athavA taittirIya prAtizAkhya ko pANinIyamUlaka samajhatA ho / yadi usakA yahI abhiprAya ho, to yaha usakI bhrAnti hai / te0 prA0 pANinIya zAstra se nizcita hI prAcIna hai| . aSTikA-pANinIyASTaka kA eka nAma aSTikA bhI hai| 1. mahAbhASya 11, prA0 1 ke anta meN| 2. vyA0 da0 itihAsa, pRSTha 394 / 3. te0 prA0 8 / 16, maisUra saM0, pRSTha 24 / 4. te0 prA0 17 / 6, maisUra saM0, pRSTha 447 / 5. aSTikA pANinIyASTAdhyAyI / bAlamanoramA / bhAga, 1, pRSTha 515 (lAhaura sNsk0)| 03

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa pANinIya zAstra kA mukhya upajIvya 5 pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI evaM pANinIya zikSA meM jisa prakAra ATha adhyAya evaM ATha prakaraNa haiM, usI prakAra pANini se pUrva bhAvI pi zali ke zabdAnuzAsana evaM zikSA meM bhI ATha adhyAya aura ATha prakaraNa haiM, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiM / ' donoM prAcAryoM ke donoM granthoM meM vartamAna yaha samAnatA yaha iGgita karatI hai ki pANinIya tantra kA mukhya upajIvya Apizala-tantra hai / itanA hI nahIM, padamaJjarIkAra to ise aura bhI spaSTarUpa meM kahatA hai 242 'kathaM punaridamAcAryeNa pANininA'vagatamete sAdhava iti ? Apa10 zalena pUrvavyAkaraNena / zrapizalinA tahi kenAvagatam ? tataH pUrvavyAkaraNena' / ' pANinirapi svakAle zabdAn pratyakSayannApizalAdinA pUrvasminnapi kAle sattAmanusandhatte; evamApizaliH' / pANinIya tantra kI vizeSatA 15 AcArya candragomI apane vyAkaraNa 222268 kI svopajJa - vRtti meM eka udAharaNa detA hai -- pANinopajJamakAlakaM vyAkaraNam / 25 kAzikA, sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa* zrora vAmanIya liGgAnuzAsana kI vRttiyoM meM 'pANinyupajJamakAlakaM vyAkaraNam' pATha hai| ina udAharaNoM kA bhAva yaha hai ki kAlaviSayaka paribhASAoM se 20 rahita vyAkaraNa sarvaprathama pANini ne hI bnaayaa| prAcIna vyAkaraNoM meM bhUta bhaviSyat anadyatana Adi kAloM kI vividha paribhASAeM likhI zrApizala - zikSA pRSTha 1. Apizala vyAkaraNa kA parimANa, pRSTha 150, 2. padamaJjarI, 'zabdAnu0' bhAga 1, pRSTha 6 / 157 // 3. padamaJjarI, 'zabdAnu0' bhAga 1, pRSTha 7 / 4. kAzikA 224 / 21 // 5. daNDanAtha - vRtti 3 / 3 / 126 // 8. pRSTha 6, dvi0 saM0 6. kAlakamiti kAlaparibhASArahitamityarthaH / nyAsa 4 / 3 / 155 // pANininA prathamaM kAlAdhikArarahitaM vyAkaraNaM kartuM zakyamiti parijJAtam / vAmanIya liGgAnuzAsana, pRSTha 6, dvi0 saM0 /

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pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana 243 1 thIM / pANini ne unake lokaprasiddha hone se unheM chor3a diyA / isa viSaya ko pANini ne svayaM nimna sUtra se darzAyA hai kAlopasarjanane ca tulyam / 1 / 2 / 57 // isakA bhAva yaha hai ki kAla aura upasarjana saMjJAeM ziSya haiM, artha ke anya = loka ke pramANa hone se / arthAt -- kAla kI vividha 5 saMjJAnoM ke artha loka-vijJAta hone se zAstra meM paribhASita karane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai | isake atirikta pANinIya tantra meM pUrva vyAkaraNoM kI apekSA kaI sUtra adhika haiM, yaha hama pUrva kAzakRtsna ke prakaraNa meM likha cuke haiM / jina sUtroM para mahAbhASyakAra ne anarthakya kI AzaGkA uThAkara una 10 kI prayatnapUrvaka AvazyakatA darzAI hai, ve sUtra nizcaya hI paNini ke svopajJa haiM, usase pUrvakAlika tantroM meM ve sUtra nahIM the / ' pANinIya tantra pUrva tantroM se saMkSipta hamAre bhAratIya vAGamaya ke pratyeka kSetra meM dekhA jAtA hai ki uttarottara granthoM kI apekSA pUrva - pUrva grantha adhika vistRta the, unakA 15 uttarottara saMkSepa huA / vyAkaraNa ke vAGmaya meM bhI yahI niyama upalabdha hotA hai / pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke saMkSipta hone meM nimna pramANa haiM 1.3 1. pANini ne 'pradhAnapratyayArthavacanamarthasyAnyapramANatvAt ' kAlopasarjane ca tulyam' ina sUtroM se darzAyA hai ki usane apane grantha 20 meM pradhAna, pratyayArthavacana, bhUta, bhaviSyat, anadyatana Adi kAla tathA upasarjana Adi aneka viSayoM kI paribhASAeM nahIM racIM / prAcIna vyAkaraNoM meM inakA ullekha thA, parantu pANini ne inake lokaprasiddha hone se inheM chor3a diyA / yahI pANinIya tantra kI pUrvatantroM se utkRSTatA thI, yaha hama Upara darzA cuke haiM / 1 25 2. mAghavIya dhAtuvRtti meM 'kSiNoti RNoNi tRNoti' Adi prayogoM meM dhAtu kI upadhA ko guNa kA niSedha karane ke liye Azila 1. pUrva pRSTha 123, 124 / 2. bhraSTA0 1 / 2 / 56 // 3. bhraSTA0 1 / 1 / 57 //

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244 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa vyAkaraNa ke sUtra uddhRta kiye haiN|' pANinIya vyAkaraNa meM aisA koI niyama upalabdha nahIM hotaa| arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 'yathottaraM munInAM prAmANyam" isa kalpita niyama ke anusAra 'kSeNoti arNoti tarNoti' prayogoM kI kalpanA karate haiM, jo sarvathA ayukta hai| vaiyAkaraNoM ke zabdanityatva pakSa meM 'yathottaraM munInAM prAmANyam' kI kalpanA upapanna hI nahI ho sakatI, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiN| sAtha hI yaha bhI dhyAna meM rakhanA cAhie ki 'kSaNoti arNoti tarNoti' padoM kA vyavahAra samprati upalabhya mAna saMskRta vAGamaya meM kahIM nahIM milatA, parantu 'kSiNoti RNoti' 10 Adi prayoga upalabdha hote haiM / 3. cAkravarmaNa vyAkaraNa ke anusAra 'dvaya' pada kI sarvanAma saMjJA hotI thI, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiN| pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke anusAra kevala jas viSaya meM vikalpa se isakI sarvanAma saMjJA hotI hai| hamAre vicAra meM pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke saMkSipta hone ke kAraNa 15 usameM kucha niyama chUTa gaye haiN| mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali ne spaSTa likhA hai naikamudAharaNaM yogAramma prayojayati / / arthAt eka udAharaNa ke lie sUtra nahIM race ge| 4. rAjazekhara ne kAvyamImAMsA meM likhA haitaddhi zAstraprAyovAdo yaduta taddhitamUDhAH paanniniiyaaH|" arthAt-zAstroM meM yaha prAyovAda hai ki pANinIya taddhita meM mUr3ha hote haiN| 1. dhAtuvRtti, pRSTha 356, 357 / 2. mahAbhASyapradIpavivaraNa 3 / 1 / 80 // 25 3. dekho pRSTha 37, Ti. 1, pRSTha 166-171 / 4. kSiNIti, raghuvaMza 2 // 40 // kSiNomi, yajuH 11 / 12 // RNoti, yajuH 34 // 25 // R0 1 / 35 / 6 // durgRhIta kSiNotyeva zastraM zAstramivAbudham / caraka siddhi0 12178 // 5. pUrva pRSTha 37, 166 / 6. mahAbhASya 166 / / tulanA karo-naikaM prayojanaM yogArambhaM prayoja30 yati / mahAbhASya 1 / 1 / 12, 41 // 3 // 1167 // 7. kAvyamImAMsA a06|

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pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana 245 yadyapi rAjazekhara ne pANinIyoM ke taddhitamUDhatva meM koI kAraNa upasthApita nahIM kiyA, tathApi prAcIna vAGmaya ke adhyayana se hama isa niSkarSa para pahuMce haiM ki pANini kA taddhita prakaraNa yadyapi do adhyAya ghere hue hai, tathApi vaha atyanta saMkSipta hai / usa ke dvArA prAcIna ArSa granthoM meM prayukta sahasroM taddhita prayoga gatArtha nahIM hote / ' 5 arthAt pANini ne taddhita prakaraNa meM pratyadhika saMkSepa kiyA hai / 5. mahAbhArata kA TIkAkAra devabodha mAhendra = aindra vyAkaraNa ko samudra se upamA detA hai, aura pANinIya tantra ko goSpada se / * arthAt aindra tantra kI apekSA pANinIya tantra atyanta saMkSipta hai / 6. pANinIya tantra ke sUtroM meM lagabhaga 100 aise prayoga haiM, jo 10 pANinIya vyAkaraNa se siddha nahIM hote / yathA - 'janikartuH' tatprayojaka:'3 purANa:, sarvanAma aura granthavAcI brAhmaNa zabda / ata eva mahAbhASyakAra ne pANini ke aneka sUtroM meM chAndasa vA sautra kArya mAnA hai / isI prakAra pANini ke jAmbavatIvijaya kAvya meM bhI bahuta se prayoga aise hai. jo usake vyAkaraNa ke anusAra sAdhu nahIM haiM / isakA 15 kAraNa kevala yahI hai ki pANini ne ina granthoM meM usa samaya kI vyavahRta lokabhASA ko prayoga kiyA hai, parantu usakA vyAkaraNa tatkAlika bhASA kA saMkSipta vyAkaraNa hai / isIliye ye prayoga usake vyAkaraNa se siddha nahIM hote / isakA yaha abhiprAya nahIM hai, ki pANini ne kevala prAcIna vyAka - 20 raNoM kA saMkSepa kiyA hai, unameM usakI apanI UhA kucha nahIM / hama pUrva likha cuke haiM ki pANini ne apane vyAkaraNa meM aneka naye sUtra race haiM, jo prAcIna vyAkaraNoM meM nahIM the / ve usakI sUkSma paryavekSaNabuddhi ke dyotaka haiM / lAghava karane ke kAraNa kucha niyamoM kA chUTa jAnA svAbhAvika hai / use doSa mAnanA sva-prajJAna ko dyotita karanA hai / 25 ..... 1. tulanA ke liye mahAbhArata ke pANDaveya prAdi taddhita prayoga tathA nirukta ke 'daNDyaH .. daNDamarhatIti vA daNDena sampadyata iti vA' (2/2) Adi dvitArthaka nirvacana dekhe jA sakate haiM / 2. agale pRSTha meM uddhriyamANa zloka / 3. pUrva pRSTha 35, sandarbha 8 / 4. pUrva pRSTha 35 kI Ti0 6 / 5. mahAbhASya 1|1|1|| 1 | 4 | 3 || 3 |4| 60, 64 // 6. pUrva pRSTha 123-124, sandarbha 1 / 30

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246 . saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa isa se yaha bhI siddha hai jo pada pANinIya vyAkaraNa se siddha nahIM hote, unheM kevala apANinIya hone ke kAraNa apazabda nahIM kaha sakate / prAcIna ArSa vAGamaya meM sahasrazaH aise prayoga haiM, jo pANinIya vyAkaraNa se siddha nahIM hote|' ata eva mahAbhArata ke TIkAkAra 5 devabodha ne likhA hai na dRSTa iti vaiyAse zabde mA saMzayaM kRthAH / prajJairajJAtamityevaM padaM nahi na vidyate // 7 // yAnyujjahAra mAhendrAd vyAso vyAkaraNArNavAt / padaratnAni ki tAni santi pANinigoSpade // 8 // 10 mahAbhASyAkAra ne bhI aSTAdhyAyo kA prayojana 'ziSTa-prayogoM ke jJAna kA mArga-pradarzana karAnA hai, aisA likhA haiM -ziSTaparijJAnArthI aSTAdhyAyI 6 / 3 / 106 / / itanA hI nahIM sudhAkara nAmaka vaiyAkaraNa kA kahanA hai ki yadi lakSaNa ziSTa-prayogoM kA anugamana nahIM karatA, to vaha lakSaNa hI nahIM hai-'ziSTaprayogopagotanAmnaH zabdarAzeranAzrayaNe 15 pradhAnavirodhAllakSaNasyAlakSaNatvaM maabhuut|'devm, pR0 85,hamArA saM0 / aSTAdhyAyI saMhitApATha meM racI thI pAnini ne sampUrNa aSTAdhyAyI saMhitApATha meM racI thii| mahAbhASya 1 / 1 / 50 meM likhA hai yathA punariyamantaratanirvRttiH, sA ki prakRtito bhavati2. sthAninyantaratame SaSThIti / AhosvidAdezataH-sthAne prApyamANA nAmantaratama prAdezo bhavatIti / kutaH punariyaM vicAraNA ? ubhayathA hi tulyA saMhitA 'sthAnentaratama uraNa raparaH' iti / / mahAbhASyakAra ne anyatra bhI kaI sthAnoM meM prAcIna vRttikAroM ke sUtraviccheda ko prAmANika na mAnakara naye-naye sUtraviccheda darzAye haiM / 25 yathA naivaM vijJAyate-kaJkvarapo yatrazceti / kathaM tahi ? kaJkvarapo'yazceti / 1. dekho pUrva pRSTha 27-56 / 2. mahAbhArata TIkA ke prArambha meM / 3. mahAbhASya 4 // 1 / 16 //

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pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana 247 ina pramANoM se vispaSTa hai ki pANini ne aSTAdhyAyI saMhitApATha meM racI thI / yadyapi pANini ne pravacanakAla meM sUtroM kA viccheda avazya kiyA hogA (kyoMki usake vinA sUtrArtha kA pravacana sambhava nahIM), tathApi mahAbhASyakAra ne usake saMhitApATha ko hI prAmANika mAnA hai| sUtrapATha ekazrutisvara meM thA mahAbhASya ke adhyayana se vidita hotA hai ki pANini ne samasta sUtrapATha ekazratisvara meM par3hA thaa| TIkAkAra kahIM-kI svaravizeSa kI siddhi ke lie viziSTasvara-yukta pATha mAnate haiN| kaiyaTa ne kucha prAcIna vaiyAkaraNoM ke mata meM aSTAdhyAyI meM ekazrutisvara hI 10 mAnA hai| ___ nAgezabhaTTa sUtrapATha ko ekazrutisvara meM nahIM maantaa| vaha apane pakSa kI siddhi meM 'caturaH zasi sUtrastha mahAbhASya kI 'pAyudAttanipAnanaM kariSyate' paMkti ko uddhRta karatA hai| parantu yaha paMkti hI spaSTa batA rahI hai ki sUtrapATha sasvara nahIM thA, ekazruti meM thaa| 15 anyathA mahAbhASyakAra 'kariSyate' na likha kara 'kRtam' pada kA prayoga karatA / itanA hI nahIM, yadi aSTAdhyAyI kI racanA pANini ne sasvara kI hotI, to vaha asthidhisakthyakSaNAmanaG udAtta: (7 / 1 / 75) meM udAtta pada kA nirdeza na karake 'anaGa' ke prakAra ko hI udAtta par3ha detA / ataH sUtrapATha kI racanA ekazrutisvara meM mAnanA 20 1. abhedakA guNA ityeva nyAyyaya / kuta etat ? yadam 'asthidaghisakthyakSNAmanadAttaH' ityudAttagrahaNaM karoti / gadi hi bhedakA guNA: syuH, udAttamevoccArayet / mahAbhASya 11111 // ekazrutinirdezAt siddham / 6 / 4 / 172 // 2. anye tvAhuH--ekazrutyA sUtrANi paThyante iti / bhASyapradIpodyota 1 / 131 // pRSTha 153, nirNayasAgara sNsk0| 3. aSTA0 6 / 1 / 167 // 25 4. nanvevamapi catasaryAdhudAttatipAtanasAmarthyAccatasra ityatra 'caturaH zasi' ityasyApravattiriti bhASyoktamanupapannam ... / sampUrNASTAdhyAyI AcAryeNaikazrutyA paThitetyatra na mAnam / kvacitkasyacit padasyaikazrutyA pATho yathA dANDinAyanAdisUtre aikSvAketi, etAvadeva bhASyAllabhyate / bhASyapradIpodyota 1|1|1pRsstth 153, nirNayasAgara saMska0 / paribhASenduzekhara meM 'abhedakA 30 guNA: paribhASA (118) ke vyAkhyAna meM bhI yahI likhA hai /

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248 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa yukta hai / yaha dUsarI bAta hai ki kahIM-kahIM iSTa svara kI siddhi ke liye vyAkhyAkAra sUtrastha zabdavizeSa meM svaravizeSa kA nirdaza svIkAra karate haiM / yathA-satyAdazapathe (5 / 4 / 66) meM satya zabda ke yatpratyayAnta hone se prAdya dAttatva kI prApti (dr0-6|1|207) meM antodAttatva kI siddhi ke liye 'satya' zabda kA antodAtta svara se nirdeza mAnate haiN|' pratijJApariziSTa' meM likhA hai-tAna evAGgopAGgAnAm / ' arthAta aGga aura upAGga granyoM me tAna arthAt ekaca tisvara hI hai|' sasvarapATha ke kucha hastalekha 10 aSTAdhyAyI sUtra-pATha ke jo katipaya sasvara hastalekha hameM dekhane ko mile haiM, una kA nIce ullekha kiyA jAtA hai 1-bhUtapUrva DI0 e0 vI0 kAleja lAhaura ke lAlacanda pustakAlaya meM aSTAdhyAyI kA naM0 3111 kA eka hastalekha thA / usa hastalekha meM aSTAdhyAyo ke kevala prathamapAda para svara ke cihna haiN| ve svaracihna svarazAstra ke niyamoM ke anusAra zata pratizata azuddha haiM / 2-hamAre pAsa bhI aSTAdhyAyI ke kucha hastalikhita patre haiN| inheM hamane kAzI maiM adhyayana karate hue saMvat 1961 meM gaMgA ke jalapravAha se prApta kiyA thaa| unake sAtha kucha anya granthoM ke patre bhI the / aSTAdhyAyI ke una patroM meM sUtrapATha ke kisI kisI akSara para khar3I rekhA aGkita hai| hamane apane kaI mitroM ko ve patre dikhAe, parantu usa cihna kA abhiprAya samajha meM nahIM aayaa| ___3-'nipANI' (jilA-beLagAMva, karnATaka) kI 'pANinIya saMskRta pAThazAlA' ke prAcArya zrI paM0 mAdhava gaNeza jozI jI ke saMgraha meM aSTAdhyAyI ke sUtra-pATha kA eka aisA hastalekha hai, jisa meM samagra 1. dra0--Rgveda sAyaNa bhASya 11115 // 2. pratijJA-parizaSTa do prakAra kA hai--eka prAtizAkhya kA pariziSTa hai, dUsarA zrautasUtra kaa| 3. caukhambA sIrija (kAzI) mudrita yajuHprAtizAkhya ke anta meM mUdrita / 4. hamAre pAsa nirukta ke hastalekha ke kucha patre haiM, jina meM nirukta ke kucha vAkyoM para svaracihna haiM / nirukta nizcaya hI sasvara thA / isa ke liede khie 30 hamArA 'vadika-svara-mImAMsA' grantha, pRSTha 47, 48 (dvi0 saM0) / 20

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32 pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana 246 sUtroM para svaracihna aGkita haiM / Apa ne yaha hastalekha hameM pUnA vizvavidyAlaya meM 8-14 julAI 1981 meM sampanna hue 'iNTara nezanala seminAra prona pANini' ke avasara para dekhane ke liye diyA thaa| hama ne usa kA svarazAstra kI dRSTi se sUkSmatA se nirIkSaNa kiyA to jJAta huA ki isa hastalekha meM bhI svaracihna prAyaH svarazAstra ke 5 niyamoM ke pratikUla haiN| pratIta hotA hai nAgeza Adi ke uparyukta kathana ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue kinhI svaraprakriyA se anabhijJa vyaktiyoM ne manamAne svara-cihna lagAne kI dhRSTatA kI hai, anyathA ye cihna sarvathA azuddha na hote / ____ aSTAdhyAyI meM prAcIna sUtroM kA uddhAra 10 pANini ne apanI racanA sUtroM meM hai| kaI prAcArya sUtra zabda kI vyutpatti 'sUcanAt sUtram' arthAt saMketa karane vAlA saMkSipta vacana karate haiN| pANini ne kaI sthAnoM para bahuta lAghava se kAma liyA hai / usI ke prAdhAra para arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNoM meM prasiddha hai-ardhamAtrAlAghavena putrotsavaM manyante vaiyaakrnnaaH| sUtraracanA meM gurulAghava- 15 vicAra kA prArambha kAzakRtsna prAcArya se huA thaa| pANini ne zAbdika lAghava kA dhyAna rakhate hue arthakRta lAghava ko pradhAnatA dI hai| ata eva usa ke vyAkaraNa meM 'Ti, ghu' Adi alpAkSara saMjAoM 1. isa hastalekha kI pratikRti (phoTo sTeTa kApI) hamAre pAsa bhI hai / 2. sUcanAt sUtraNAccaiva ....."sUtrasthAnaM pracakSate / suzruta sUtrasthAna 4 / 20 12 // sUcayati sUte sUtrayati vA sUtram / durgasiMha, kAtantravRttiTIkA, pariziSTa pRSTha 406 // sUtraM sUcanakRt, sUtryate prathyate iti sUtram, sUcanAdvA / haima abhi0 cintA0 pRSTha 108 // vAyupurANa 46 / 142 meM sUtra kA lakSaNa isa prakAra kiyA hai--alpAkSaramasandigdhaM sAravad vizvato mukham / astobhamanavadyaM ca sUtraM sUtravido viduH // 3. paribhASenduzekhara, paribhASA 133 / 5 4. dekho pUrva pRSTha 130-131 / / 5. nanu ca pUrvAcAryA api vaiyAkaraNatvAllAghavamabhilaSantaH kimiti garIyasI: svarAdisaMjJAH praNItavantaH ? satyam, anvarthatvAt tAsAm / ayamarthaH-dvividhaM hi lAghavaM bhavati-zabdakRtamarthakRtaM ca / tatrArthakRtameva lAghavaM pradhAnaM parArthapravRttatvAtteSAmabhISTam / trilocanaTIkA, kAtantra-pariziSTam, 10 pRSTha 472 /

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250 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ke sAtha sarvanAma aura sarvanAmasthAna jaisI mahatI saMjJAeM bhI upalabdha hotI haiN| ye saba mahatI saMjJAeM usane prAcIna granthoM se lI haiM, kyoMki ve lokaprasiddha ho cukI thiiN| svazAstrIya vibhASA saMjJA hone para bhI usane kaI sUtroM meM 'ubhayathA anyatarasyAm' Adi zabdoM se vyavahAra kiyA hai, jo ki lokavijJAta hone se arthalAghava kI dRSTi se yukta haiM / isI dRSTi se pANini ne apane zAstra meM aneka sUtra akSarazaH prAcIna vyAkaraNoM ke svIkAra kara liye haiM, kahIM-kahIM unameM svala ucita parivartana bhI kiyA hai| yahI nirabhimAnatA RSiyoM kI mahattA aura paropakAra-buddhi kI dhotikA hai| anyathA ve bhI arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNoM ke sadRza sarvathA navIna zabda-racanA karake apane buddhicAturya kA pradarzana kara sakate the, parantu aisA karane se pANinIya vyAkaraNa atyanta kliSTa ho jAtA, aura chAtroM ke liye adhika lAbhakara na hotaa| pANinIya vyAkaraNa meM kaI sthAnoM meM spaSTa prAcIna vyAkaraNoM ke zlokAMzoM kI jhalaka upalabdha hotI hai / yathA15 1. pakSimatsyamRgAn hanti, paripanthaM ca tiSThati / ' anuSTup ke do crnn| 2. tadasmai dIyate yuktaM zrANamAMsaudanATiThan / ye anuSTup ke do caraNa the / isa meM pANini ne 'yuktaM' ko 'niyukta' par3ha kara do sUtroM kA pravacana kiyA hai| athavA ekAkSara adhika hone para bhI anuSTuptva 20 rahatA hai| isa dRSTi se sambhava hai pANini se pUrva pATha hI 'niyuktaM' rahA ho| 3. nodAttasvaritodayam / anuSTup kA eka caraNa / 4. vRddhirAdaijade guNaH / anuSTup kA eka caraNa / prathama uddharaNa meM aSTAdhyAyI ke kramazaH do sUtra haiM, unheM milAkara 25 1. aSTA0 4 / 4 / 35,36 // 2. aSTA0 4 / 4 / 66,67 / 3. laukika chandoM meM bhI vaidika chandoM ke samAna ekAkSara dvayakSara kI nyUnatA vA adhikatA svIkAra kI jAtI hai / isake liye hamane 'vaidika-chandomImAMmA' grantha ke 15 veM adhyAya meM (pRSTha 224-227, dvi0 saM0) meM aneka prAcIna AcAyoM ke pramANa diye haiM / 4. aSTA0 8 / 4 / 67 // 5. aSTA0 1 / 1 / 1, 2 // 30

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pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana 251 par3hane para ve anuSTup ke do caraNa bana jAte haiM / uttara sUtra meM cakAra se 'hanti' artha kA samuccaya hotA / ataH pANinIya paddhatyanusAra sUtraracanA 'tiSThati ca' aisI honI caahie| kAzikAkAra ne likhA haicakAro bhinnakramaH' pratyayArtha samuccinoti / pratIta hotA hai pANini ne ye donoM sUtra isI rUpa meM kisI prAcIna chandobaddha vyAkaraNa se liye 5 haiM / chandoracanA meM cakAra ko yahIM rakhanA Avazyaka hai, anyathA chandobhaGga ho jAtA hai / dvitIya uddharaNa meM pANinIya sUtra ke 'niyukta' pada meM se 'ni' kA parityAga karane se do sUtra anuSTup ke do caraNa bana jAte haiN| tRtIya uddharaNa pANinIya sUtra kA ekadeza hai / yaha anuSTup kA kA eka caraNa hai| isa meM udaya zabda isa bAta kA spaSTa dyotaka hai ki yaha akSararacanA pANini kI nahIM hai / anyathA vaha 'nodAttasvaritayoH' itanA likha kara kAryanirvAha kara sakatA thaa| RkprAtizAkhya 3 / 17 meM pATha hai-svaryate'ntahitaM na cedudAttasvaritodayam / sambhava hai pANini ne isI kA anukaraNa kiyA ho / cauthA uddharaNa bhI pANini ke do sUtroM kA hai, jo anuSTap kA eka caraNa hai| zlokabaddha racanA 15 ke kAraNa hI 'vRddhi' zabda kA pUrva prayoga huA hai, jaba ki anyatra saMjJI ke nirdeza ke pazcAt saMjJA kA nirdeza kiyA jA sakatA hai|' ___ aise zlokabaddha sUtrAMza pANinIya dhAtupATha meM bhI milate haiN| ina kA nirdeza 21 veM adhyAya meM kiyA hai| Apizali ke kucha sUtra mile haiM, ve pANinIya sUtroM se bahuta 20 milate haiM / pANinIna zikSAsUtra bhI prApizala zikSAsUtroM se bahuta .... samAnatA rakhate haiN| pANini zikSA kA vRddha pATha adhika samAna hai|" pANini se prAcIna koI sampUrNa vyAkaraNa samprati upalabdha nhiiN| / . 1. tulanA karo--RkprAtizAkhya 1 / 26 // ubvaTabhASya-cakAro bhinnakramaH smuccyaarthiiyH| 2. ata eva cAndravyA0 3 / 4 / 33 meM 'paripanthaM tiSThati ca' pATha hai / aisA hI jaina zAkaTAyana 3 / 2 / 23 meM bhI pATha hai| 3. tadetadekamAcAryasya maMgalArtha mRSyatAm (1 / 1 / 1) bhASyavacana ke AdhAra para 'apRkta ekAlpratyayaH' ko kaiyaTa Adi saMjJAsUtra na mAnakara paribhASAsUtra mAnate haiN| yaha unakI bhUla hai| saMbhava hai yaha bhI kisI prAcIna zlokabaddha vyAkaraNa kA aMza ho / usI ke anurodha se saMjJA kA pUrva prayoga ho / 4. zikSA ke vRddha aura laghu do pATha haiN|

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252 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa prAtizAkhyoM aura zrautasUtroM ke aneka sUtra pANinIya sUtroM se samAnatA rakhate haiN| bahuta se sUtra akSarazaH samAna haiN| isa se pratIta hotA hai ki pANini ne apane pUrvavartI granthakAroM ke aneka sUtra apane grantha meM saMgrahIta kiye haiM / hamArA vicAra hai ki yadyapi pANini ne svazAstra ke pravacana meM sampUrNa prAcIna vyAkaraNa vAGamaya kA upayoga kiyA hai, punarapi usa kA pradhAna upajIvya Apizala vyAkaraNa hai|' . prAcIna sUtroM ke parijJAna ke kucha upAya pANinIya tantra meM kitane sUtra vA sUtrAMza prAcIna vyAkaraNoM se saMgRhIta haiM, isa kA kucha parijJAna nimna katipaya upAyoM se ho 10 sakatA hai 1. eka sUtra athavA aneka sUtra milakara athavA sUtrAMza jo chandoracanA ke anukUla ho / yathA vRddhirAdaijadeguNaH -anuSTup kA dUsarA caraNa / igyaNaH samprasAraNam -" " " " taGAnAvAtmanepadam - // " " " kRttaddhitasamAsAzca- // // prathama , 2-eka sUtra meM aneka cakAroM kA yoga / tulanA karo avarNo hrasvadIrghaplutatvAcca trasvaryopanayena ca prAnunAsikyabhedAcca saMkhyAto'STAvazAtmakaH / " isa pANinIya zikSAsUtra kI prApizala zikSA kehrasvadIrghaplutatvAcca svaryopanayena ca / prAnunAsikyabhedAcca sNkhyaato'ssttaadshaatmkH|| sUtra ke sAtha / pANini ne Apizali ke zlokabaddha sUtra meM hI 'avarNa' pada aura jor3a diyaa| isase vaha gadya bana gyaa| parantu 25 1. dekho pUrva pRSTha 146, pN06| 2. vizeSa draSTavya 'maJjUSA patrikA, (kalakattA) varSa 5, aGka 4, pRSTha 117, 118 / 3. aSTA0 1 / 1 / 1,2 // 4. aSTA0 111 // 45 // 5. aSTA0 14.100 // 6. aSTA0 1 / 2 / 46 // 7. sUtrAtmaka pANinIya zikSA kA laghupATha, prakaraNa 6 / .30 8. Apizala zikSA, prakaraNa 6 /

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pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana 253 Apizala zikSA meM chando'nurodha se paThita aneka cakAra usake sUtra meM vaise hI par3e raha ge| 3-cakAra kA prasthAna meM pATha / yathApakSImatsyamRgAn hanti paripanthaM ca tiSThati / ' 4--prAcIna pratyaya Adi ke prayoga / yathAprAGi caapH| prauGa prApaH / 5--prAcIna saMjJAoM kA nirdeza / yathAubhayatharvA / anyatarasyAm / / goto Nit / yUstryAkhyau ndii| 6-prAcIna dhAtvAdi kA nirdeza thaa| yathAznasorallopaH sUtra meM prApizala 'sa bhuvi" dhAtu kA / 1. isI prakAra prAcIna ilokAtmaka sUtroM se pANinIya sUtroM meM pAe hue niSprayojana cakAroM ko dRSTi meM rakhakara pataJjali ne kahA hai- 'evaM tarhi sarva cakArAH prtyaakhyaaynte|' mahA0 1 / 3 / 66 // 2. aSTA0 4 / 4 / 35, 36 / dra0 pUrva pRSTha 250 / isI prakAra cakAra 15 kA asthAna meM prayoga pANinIya dhAtupATha meM milatA hai| yathA 'cate cade ca yAcane' (kSIrataraGgiNI 11608) / isa para vizeSa vicAra ke liye kSIrataraGgiNI ke ukta pATha para hamArI TippaNI, tathA isI grantha ke dvitIya bhAga . meM 21 vAM adhyAya dekheN| 3. aSTA0 73 / 105 // 4. aSTA0 7 / 1 / 18 // 5. aSTA0 8 / 3 / 8 / / 6. aSTAdhyAyI meM bahuta pryukt| 7. aSTA0 71160 // isa sUtra meM prokArAntoM kI 'go' saMjJA prAcIna 'prAcAryoM kI hai| dra0 pUrva pRSTha 86 / / 8. aSTA0 1 / 4 / 4 // nadI saMjJA prAcIna AcAryoM kI hai| dra0 . pUrva pRSTha 85, paM0 17-27 // 6. aSTA0 6 / 4 / 111 // 10. sakAramAtramastighAtumApizalirAcAryaH pratijAnIte / tathAhi na tasya pANiniriva 'as bhuvi' iti gaNapAThaH / kiM tarhi 'sa bhuvi' iti sa paThati / nyAsa 113 / 22 / /

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254 / saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa .7-kAryo kA SaSThI se nirdaza karane ke sthAna meM prathamA se nirdeza / ' yathA allopo'na:' meM at / ti vizaDiti meM ti| vyAkhyAkAroM ne at aura ti ko pUrvasUtra nirdezAnusAra napuMsaka5 liMga meM prathamA kA rUpa na samajhakara avibhaktyanta pada mAnA hai, vaha cintya hai| aSTAdhyAyI ke pAdoM kI saMjJAeM aSTAdhyAyI ke pratyeka pAda kI vibhinna saMjJAeM usa usa pAda ke prathama sUtra ke AdhAra para rakkhI gaI haiM / vikrama kI 15vIM zatAbdI se 10 prAcIna granthoM meM ina saMjJAoM kA vyavahAra upalabdha hotA hai| sIradeva kI paribhASAvRtti se ina saMjJAoM ke kucha udAharaNa nIce likhate haiM / yathAgAGkuTAdipAdaH (12) paribhASAvRtti pRSTha 33' bhUpAdaH (13) dvigupAdaH (214) sambandhapAdaH (34) praGgapAdaH (64) rAvaNArjunIya kAvya kA racayitA bhIma bhaTTa bhI apane grantha meM sarvatra 'gAkuTAdipAde' 'bhUvAdipAde'prAdi kA hI vyavahAra karatA haiM / ___ pANini ke anya vyAkaraNa grantha pANini ne apane zabdAnuzAsana kI pUrti ke liye nimna granthoM kA pravacana kiyA hai| - 1. pUrvavyAkaraNe prathamayA kArthI nirdizyate / kaiyaTa, mahAbhASya-pradIpa 6 11163 // punaH vahI 8 / 47 para likhatA hai-pUrvAcAryAH kAryabhAjAn SaSThyA 25 na niradikSan / 2. aSTA0 6 / 41134 // . 3. aSTA0 6 / 4 / 142 // 4. yaha pRSTha saMkhyA 'caukhambA sIrija, kAzI' ke saMskaraNa kI hai| 5. aDiyAra pustakAlaya ke vyAkaraNa-vibhAga ke sUcIpatra saMkhyA 3 84 para nirdiSTa gaNapATha ke hastalekha ke Adi meM likhA hai aSTakaM gaNapAThazca dhAtupAThastathaiva ca / liGgAnuzAsanaM zikSA pANinIyA 30 amI kramAt // " 63

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pANini zraura usakA zabdAnuzAsana 1. dhAtupATha 3. uNAdisUtra' 255 2. gaNapATha 4. liGgAnuzAsana ye cAroM grantha pANinIya zabdAnuzAsa ke pariziSTa haiM / ata eva prAcIna granthakAra inakA 'khila' zabda se vyavahAra karate haiM / ina granthoM kA itihAsa dvitIya bhAga meM liyA gayA hai, vahAM dekhie / 5. zraSTAdhyAyI kI vRtti - pANini ne apane zabdAnuzAsana kA svayaM bahudhA pravacana kiyA thA / pravacanakAla meM sUtrArthaparijJAna ke liye vRtti kA nirdeza karanA Avazyaka hai / pANini ne apane grantha kI koI svopajJa vRtti racI thI, isameM aneka pramANa haiM / isakA vizeSa varNana 'aSTAdhyAyI ke vattikAra' prakaraNa meM Age kiyA jAyagA / 10 pANini ke anya grantha 1. zikSA pANini ne zabdoccAraNa ke yathArtha parijJAna ke liye eka choTA sA sUtrAtmaka zikSAgrantha banAyA thaa| isake aneka sUtra vyAkaraNa ke vibhinna granthoM meM upalabdha hote haiM / " jisa prakAra AcArya candragomI ne 15 pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke AdhAra para apane cAndra vyAkaraNa kI racanA kI, usI prakAra usane pANinIya zikSAsUtroM ke AdhAra para apane zitrAsUtra race / arvAcIna zlokAtmaka pANinIya zikSA kA mUla ye hI zikSAsUtra haiM | zlokAtmaka pANinIya zikSA kA vizeSa pracAra ho jAne se sUtrAtmaka grantha luptaprAyaH ho gayA hai / zikSAsUtroM kA uddhAra - pANini ke mUla zikSA grantha ke punaruddhAra kA zreya svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ko hai / unhoMne mahAn parizrama se ise upalabdha karake 'varNoccAraNa-zikSA' ke nAma se saMvat 1936 ke anta meM prakAzita kiyA thaa| choTe bAlakoM ke lAbhArtha 1. uNAdisUtra bhI pANinIya hai, isa ke lie dekhie isI grantha kA 25 'uNAdisUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyatA' zIrSaka 24 vAM adhyAya / 2. upadeza: zAstravAkyAni sUtrapATha: khilapATazca / kAzikA 1|3|2|| nahi upadizanti khilapAThe ( uNAdipAThe ) / mahAbhASyadIpikA, hastalekha pRSTha 146 // pUnA saM0 pRSTha 115 / 3. zikSAsUtrANi, pRSTha 9 - 18 Tippa0 / 4. isakA vizeSa varNana hamane 'svAmI dayAnanda ke granthoM kA itihAsa' 30

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256 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa sUtroM kA bhASAnuvAda bhI sAtha meM diyA hai / svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ke 10 janavarI san 1880 ke patra se jJAta hotA hai ki unheM isa grantha kA hastalekha san 1876 ke anta meM milA thaa|' varNoccAraNazikSA kI bhUmikA meM svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ne svayaM likhA hai___aise aise bhramoM kI nivRtti ke liye bar3e parizrama se pANinimunikRta zikSA kA pustaka prApta kara una sUtroM kI sugama bhASA meM vyAkhyA karake varNoccAraNa vidyA kI zuddha prasiddhi karatA huuN|' pANini se prAcIna Apizala zikSA kA varNana hama pRSTha 157158 para kara cuke haiN| usake sAtha pANinIya zikSA kI tulanA karane 10 se pratIta hotA hai ki svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ko pANinIya zikSA sUtroM kA jo hastalekha milA thA, vaha apUrNa aura avyavasthita thaa| jaise Apizala vyAkaraNa ke sUtra pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke sUtroM se milate haiM, aura donoM meM ATha-pATha adhyAya samAna haiM, usI prakAra prApizala zikSA aura pANinIya zikSA ke sUtroM meM bhI atyadhika samAnatA hai, 15 aura donoM meM ATha-pATha prakaraNa haiN| ___zikSAsUtroM ke do pATha-pANinIya zikSA-sUtroM ke aSTAdhyAyI ke samAna hI laghu aura bRhat do prakAra ke pATha haiN| svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ne jisa hastalekha ke AdhAra para zikSAsUtroM ko prakAzita kiyA thA, vaha laghu pATha kA thA (aura vaha khaNDita bhI thaa)| isa kA 20 dUsarA eka vRddha pATha bhI hai, jisa meM kucha sUtra aura sUtrAMza adhika haiN| ina donoM pAThoM ko hamane sampAdita karake zikSA-sUtrANi meM prakAzita kiyA hai| kyA pANinIya zikSAsUtra kalpita haiM-DA. manomohana ghoSa ema0 e0 ne kalakattA vizvavidyAlaya se san 1938 meM [zlokA25 tmikA] pANinIya zikSA kA eka saMskaraNa prakAzita kiyA hai / usa kI bhUmikA meM bar3e prayatna se yaha siddha karane kA prayatna kiyA hai ki nAmaka grantha meM kiyA hai / dra0-dazama adhyAya, pRSTha 218-223 (dvi0 sN0)| 1. 'merA kasda hai ki pezatara zikSA pustaka jo choTI hAla meM tasanIpha huI hai, chapavAI jAve / dra0 'R0 da0 ke patra aura vijJApana' bhAga 2, pRSTha 30 316 (tR0 saM0, saM0 2037) /

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pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana 257 svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ne jina zikSAsUtroM ko pANini ke nAma se prakAzita kiyA hai, ve unake dvArA kalpita haiM / hamane 'mUla pANinIya zikSA' zIrSaka lekha meM DA0 manomohana ghoSa ke lekha kI sapramANa AlocanA karate hue aneka pramANoM kI upasthita karake yaha siddha kiyA hai ki svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI dvArA prakAzita 5 pANinIya zikSAsUtra unake dvArA kalpita nahIM haiM, apitu ke vAstavika rUpa meM pANinIya haiM, aura aneka prAcIna granthakAroM dvArA uddhata haiN| hamArA yaha lekha 'sAhitya' patrikA (paTanA) ke varSa 7 aGka 4 (san 1657) meM prakAzita huA hai / isa lekha ke pazcAt pANinIya zikSAsUtroM kA eka koza aura upalabdha ho gyaa| usa se yaha sarvathA 10 pramANita ho gayA ki svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI dvArA prakAzita pANinIya zikSAsUtra vAstavika haiM, kAlpanika nahIM / hamArA saMskaraNa-hamane san 1949 meM pANinIya zikSAsUtroM kA eka pATha prApizala aura cAndra zikSAsUtroM ke sAtha prakAzita kiyA thaa| vaha pATha svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI dvArA prakAzita hI thaa| 15 nayA saMskaraNa -tatpazcAta pANinIya zikSA kA eka nayA koza upalabdha ho gyaa| hamane vividha granthoM ke sAhAyya se pANinIya zikSAsUtroM ke laghu aura vRddha donoM pAThoM kA sampAdana kiyA hai| usa meM vibhinna granthoM meM uddhRta samasta pANinIya zikSAsUtroM kA tattat sthAnoM para nirdeza kara diyA hai| prArambha meM bRhat bhUmikA meM ina sUtroM 2' ke viSaya meM jJAtavya sabhI viSayoM para vistAra se prakAza DAlA haiN| zikSAsUtroM ke pANinIyatva meM naye pramANa upasthApita kiye haiN| zlokAtmikA zikSA-isa zikSA ke pANini-prokta na hone kA pratyakSa pramANa usakA prathama zloka hI haiatha zikSA pravakSyAmi pANinIyaM mataM yathA / 25 isa antaHsAkSya kI upasthiti meM bhI zlokabaddha zikSA ko 'pANini-prokta kahanA, mAnanA vA siddha karane kA prayatna karanA 'muddaI susta gavAha custa' kahAvata ke anusAra nissAra hai / zikSAprakAza-TIkA ke racayitA ke matAnusAra zlokAtmikA

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258 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa pANinIya zikSA kI racanA pANinIya ke anuja piGgala ne kI thii|' ___tolakAppiya nAmaka tAmila vyAkaraNa, jo IsA se bahuta pUrva kA hai, meM pANinIya zikSA ke zlokoM kA anuvAda milatA hai| bhartRhari bhI vAkyapadIya kI svopajJa vyAkhyA meM isa zikSA kA 'pAtmA buddhayA sametyarthAn' zloka ko uddhRta karatA hai / ' do prakAra ke pATha-zlokAtmikA pANinIya zikSA ke bhI do pATha haiM-eka laghu, dUsarA vRddha / laghu yAjuSa pATha kahAtA hai, aura vRddha Arca paatth| yAjuSa pATha meM 35 zloka haiM, aura Arca pATha meM 60 zloka haiN| Arca pATha 11 vargaathavA khaNDoM meM vibhakta hai| zikSA10 prakAza aura zikSApaJjikA TIkAeM laghu pATha para hI haiM / ___ sasvara-pATha-kAzI se prakAzita zikSAsaMgraha meM pRSTha 378-384 taka Arca pATha kA eka sasvara-pATha chapA hai| isameM svara-cihna bahuta avyavasthita haiM / pratIta hotA hai lekhakoM aura pAThakoM kI upekSA ke kAraNa yaha avyavasthA huii| parantu isake AdhAra para itanA avazya 15 kahA jA sakatA hai ki mUla pATha sasvara thaa| 2. jAmbavatI vijaya isakA dUsarA nAma 'pAtAlavijaya' bhI hai| isa mahAkAvya meM zrIkRSNa kA pAtAla meM jAkara jAmbavatI kI vijaya aura pariNaya kathA kA varNana hai / isa kAvya ko pANini-viracita mAnane meM Adhu2. nika lekhakoM ne aneka ApattiyAM upasthita kI haiN| hama ne una saba kA sapramANa samAdhAna isa grantha ke 'kAvyazAstrakAra vaiyAkaraNa kavi' zIrSaka tIsaveM adhyAya meM kiyA hai / pAThaka isa viSaya meM vaha prakaraNa avazya dekheN| abhinava sUcanA-kucha samaya humA kAphirakoTa ke pAsa se 25 pAkistAna ke adhikAriyoM ko bhAmaha ke kAvyAlaGkAra kI kisI 1. 'jeSThabhrAtRbhivihite vyAkaraNe'nujastatra bhagavAn piGgalAcAryastanmatamanubhAvya zikSAM vktuprtijaaniite|' Adi meN| 2. dra0--pAra0 esa0 subrahmaNya zAstrI kA lekha, jarnala proriyaNTala risarca, madrAsa, san 1631, pRSTha 183 / 3. brahmakANDa zloka - 30 116, kI vyAkhyA meM, pRSTha 104, lAhaura saMskaraNa / /

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pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana vyAkhyA ki eka jIrNa prati upalabdha huii| isa ke viSaya meM yaha . anumAna kiyA jAtA hai ki yaha udbhaTa kA vivaraNa hai / isa prati kA hastalekha bhojapatroM para dazama zatI kI zAradA lipi meM likhA huA hai| yaha abhI abhI prakAzita hayA / isa ke 34 veM pRSTha ke anta meM aura 35 veM pRSTha ke Adi meM nimna pATha hai ....."idamudAharaNaM samAsokteH-upoDha [.......... paro'pi mohAda galitaM na rakSita (m) / atra zazirajanI vyASANapare ya praxxx sahasuxta [. isa para sampAdaka ne jo pAThazodhana karake pAThapUrti kI hai, vaha isa prakAra hai uparoparAgeNa vilolatArakaM, tathA gRhItaM zazinA nizAmukham / yathA samastaM timirAMzukaM tathA paro'pi rAgAd galitaM na lakSitam // yaha zloka prAyaH pANini ke nAma se smRta hai| po. piTarsana ne JRAS 1891, pRSTha 313-316 meM pANini ke nAma se uddhRta vacanoM kA saMgraha kiyA hai / aura pizala ne mAnA hai ki kAvyakAra pANini hI vaiyAkaraNa 15 pANini hai| ZDMG XXXIX pRSTha 65-8, 313-316 / tathA abhI abhI ke. upAdhyAya ne bhI IHQ XIII, pRSTha 137 meM likhA hai / pairisa se prakAzita durghaTavRtti bhAga 1 pRSTha 73 meM reNu ne anumAta kiyA hai ki kAvyakAra pANini 6 vIM zatI se pUrva kA hai| aba itanA nizcita ho gayA ki kAvyakAra pANini udbhaTa (pAThavIM zatI) se puurvbhaavii| hamArA nizcita mata hai ki jyoM-jyoM purAnI sAmagrI prakAza meM prAtI jAegI, tyoM-tyoM kAvyakAra pANini aura vaiyAkaraNa pANini kA ekatva bhI sudRr3ha hotA jaaygaa| _harSa kA viSaya hai ki DA0 satyakAma varmA ne apane 'saM0 vyA0 kA udbhava aura vikAsa' antha meM pAzcAtya manovRtti kA tyAga karake isa 25 kAvya ko vaiyAkaraNa pANini kI kRti svIkAra kiyA hai / 3. dvirUpakoza landana kI iNDiyA Aphisa lAibrerI meM dvirUpakoza kA eka hastalekha hai| usakI saMkhyA 7860 hai| yaha koza cha: patroM meM pUrNa hai / grantha ke anta meM 'iti pANinimuninA kRtaM dvirUpakozaM sampUrNam' likhA hai| 10

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260 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa yaha koza vaiyAkaraNa pANini kI kRti hai vA anya kI, yaha ajJAta hai| pUrvapANinIyam isa nAma kA eka 24 sUtrAtmaka grantha abhI-abhI kAThiyAvAr3a se 5 prakAzita huA hai| isa ke anveSaNa aura sampAdanakartA zrI paM0 jIvarAma kAlidAsa rAjavaidya haiM / usake sUtra isa prakAra haiM __ om namaH siddham 1. atha shbdaanushaasnm| 2. zabdo dharmaH / 3. dharmAdarthakAmApavargAH / 4. zabdArthayoH / 5. siddhaH / 6. sambandhaH / 7. jJAnaM chandasi / 8. tato'nyatra / 6 sarvamArSam / 10. chandoviruddhamanyat / 11. adRSTaM vaa| 12. jnyaanaadhaarH| 13. sarvaH zabdaH / 14. sarvArthaH / 15. nityaH / 16. tantraH / 57. bhaassaasvekdshii| 18. anityaH / / 16. laukiko'tra vishessenn| 20. vyAkaraNAt / 21. tajjJAne dharmaH / 22. akSarANi varNAH / 23. padAni vrnnebhyH| 24. te prAk / sampAdaka mahodaya ne isa grantha ko pANiniviracita siddha karane kA mahAn prayatna kiyA hai, parantu unakI eka bhI yukti ise pANinIya siddha karane meM samartha nahIM hai / isa grantha ke unheM do hastalekha prApta hue haiN| unameM eka hastalekha ke prArambha meM 'kAtyAyanasUtram' / aisA likhA hai| hamAre vicAra meM ye sUtra kisI arvAcIna kAtyAyana 25 viracita haiN| . mahAbhASyastha pUrvasUtra-mahAbhASya meM nimna sthAnoM para 'pUrvasUtra' pada kA prayoga milatA hai| 1. athavA pUrvasUtre varNasyAkSaramiti saMjJA kriyte|' 2. pUrvasUtre gotrasya vRddhamiti saMjJA kriyte|' 1. mahA0 a0 1, pA0 1, prA0 2 // pRSTha 36 (kIlahAna sN0)| 2. mahA 1 / 2 / 68 // pRSTha 248 (vhii)|

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pANini aura usakA zabdAnuzAsana 261 3. pUrvasUtranirdezo vApizalamadhIta iti / pUrvasUtranidezo vA punarayaM draSTavyaH / sUtre'pradhAnasyopasarjanamiti saMjJA kriyte|' 4. pUrvasUtranirdezazca / cittvAn cita iti / 5. athavA pUrvasUtranirdezo'yaM, pUrvasUtreSu ca ye'nubandhA na tairihekAryANi kriyante / nirdezo'yaM pUrvasUtreNa vA syAt / ' 6. pUrvasUtranirdezazca / mahAbhASya ke ina 6 uddharaNoM meM se kevala prathama uddharaNa pUrvapANinIya ke 'akSarANi varNAH'5 sUtra ke sAtha milatA hai| bhartRhari ne mahAbhASyadIpikA meM mahAbhASyokta pUrvasUtra kA pATha isa prakAra uddhRta kiyA hai evaM hyanye paThanti-'varNA akSarANi' iti / isa se pratIta hotA hai ki ye pUrvapANinIya sUtra bhartRhari ke samaya vidyamAna nahIM the| anyathA vaha 'varNA akSarANi' ke sthAna para 'akSarANi varNAH' aisA pATha uddhRta krtaa| pUrvapANinIya kA zabdArtha-pUrvapANinIya ke sampAdaka ko bhrAMti 15 hone kA eka kAraNa isake zabdArtha ko Thoka na samajhanA hai| unhoMne pUrvapANinIya nAma dekhakara ise pANinIya samajha liyaa| vastutaH isa kA artha hai-'pANinIyasya pUrva ekadezaH pUrvapANinIyam'; arthAt pANinIya zAstra kA pUrva bhAga / pUrvottara bhAga ke lie yaha Avazyaka nahIM ki vaha eka vyakti kI racanA ho aura samAna kAla kI ho| 20 vibhinna racayitA aura vibhinna kAla kI racanA hone para bhI pUrvottara vibhAga mAne jAte haiN| jaise-pUrvamImAMsA aura uttaramImAMsA / kAtantra ke bhI isI prakAra do bhAga haiM / pUrvapANinIya kI prAcInatA-pUrvapANinIya ke sampAdaka ne isa 25 1. mahA0 41114 // pRSTha 205 (kIlahAna sN0)| 2. 6 / 1 / 163 // pRSTha 104 (vhii)| 3. 7 / 1 / 18 // pRSTha 247 (vhii)| - 4. 8 / 4 / 7 // pRSTha 455 (vhii)| 5. pUrvapANinIya sUtra 22 / 6. mahAbhASyadIpikA, hastalekha, pRSTha 116 / pUnA saM0 pR0 62 kA pATha hai-'evaM hyanyairvA paThayate varNA akSarANoti' /

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262 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kI prAcInatA meM jitane pramANa diye haiM, ve saba nirmUla haiM / aba hama isa ko prAcInatA meM eka pratyakSa pramANa dete haiM kAzikA 6 / 2 / 104 meM eka pratyudAharaNa hai-pUrvapANinIyaM zAstram / ' yahAM zAstra pada kA prayoga hone se spaSTa hai ki kAzikA5 kAra kA saMketa kisI 'pUrvapANinIya' grantha kI ora hai| haradatta ne isa pratyudAharaNa kI vyAkhyA 'pANinIyazAstraM pUrva cirantanamityarthaH' kI hai / yaha kliSTa kalpanA hai / sambhava hai use isa grantha kA jJAna na rahA ho| - isa adhyAya meM hamane pANini aura usa ke zabdAnuzAsana tathA 10 tadviracita anya granthoM kA saMkSipta varNana kiyA hai| agale adhyAya meM AcArya pANini ke samaya vidyamAna saMskRta vAGmaya kA varNana kreNge|

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chaThA adhyAya AcArya pANini ke samaya vidyamAna saskRta vAGmaya pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI se bhAratIya prAcIna vAGamaya aura itihAsa para bahuta prakAza par3atA hai, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiM / isa adhyAya meM hama pANini ke samaya vidyamAna usI vAGmaya kA ullekha 5 kareMge, jisa para pANinIya vyAkaraNa se prakAza par3atA hai / yadyapi hamAre isa lekha kA mukhya prAzraya pANinIya sUtrapATha aura gaNapATha hai, tathApi usakA prAzaya vyakta karane ke liye kahIM-kahIM mahAbhASya aura kAzikAvRtti kA bhI prAzraya liyA hai| hamArA vicAra hai ki kAzikAvRtti ke jitane udAharaNa haiM, ve prAyaH prAcIna vRttiyoM ke 1. AdhAra para hai, aura sabhI prAcIna vRttiyoM kA AdhAra pANinIya vRtti hai| pANini ne apane zabdAnuzAsana para svayaM vatti likhI thI, yaha hama 'aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra' prakaraNa meM siddha kreNge| isa prakAra kAzikA ke udAharaNa bahata aMza taka atyanta prAcIna aura prAmANika hai| pANini ne apane samaya ke samasta saMskRta vAGamaya ko nimna bhAgoM meM bAMTA 1. dRSTa, 2. prokta, 3. upajJAta, 4. kRta, 5. vyAkhyAna / daSTAdi zabdoM kA prartha-pANini ne prAcIna vAGamaya ke vibhAgIkaraNa ke liye jina dRSTa prokta upajJAta kRta aura vyAkhyAna 20 zabdoM kA vyavahAra kiyA hai, una kA abhiprAya isa prakAra hai 1. sakikhIti apacitaparimANaH zrRgAlaH kikhI, aprasiddhodAharaNaM cirantanaprayogAt / padamaJjarI 2 // 1 // 3 // gAga 1, pRSTha 344 / kAzikA meM 'sasakhi' udAharaNa chapA hai, vaha azuddha hai| avataptenakulasthitaM tavaitaditi cirantanaprayogaH / padamaJjarI 2017 // bhAga 1, pRSTha 371 / / 2. rAmacandra, bhaTToji dIkSita Adi arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNoM ne una prAcIna udAharaNoM ko, jisase bhAratIya purAtana itihAsa aura vAGmaya para prakAza par3atA thA, haTAkara sAmpradAyika udAharaNoM kA samAveza karake prAcIna vAGmaya aura itihAsa kI mahatI hAni kI hai| 25

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264 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 1. dRSTa-dRSTa zabda kA artha hai-dekhA gayA / isa vibhAga meM pANini ne usa vAGamaya kA nirdeza kiyA hai, jo na kisI ke dvArA kRta hai aura na prokta / arthAt pUrvataH vidyamAna vAGamaya ke viSaya meM hI kinhIM vizeSa viSayoM kA jo viziSTa darzana hai, vaha dRSTa ke antargata 5 samajhA jAtA hai| 2. prokta-prokta kA zabdArtha hai-prakarSa rUpa meM ukta kathita / isa vibhAga meM vaha sArA vAGamaya AtA hai, jo pUvataH vidyamAna svasva-viSayaka vAGamaya ko hI deza-kAla kI paristhiti ke anusAra DhAlakara vizeSa rUpa meM ziSyoM ko par3hAyA jAtA hai / isa vibhAga meM 10 sampUrNa zAstrIya vAGamaya kA antarbhAva hotA hai| 3. upajJAta-upajJAta zabda kA artha hai-granthapravaktA dvArA sva. manISA se vijJAta / isake antargata prokta granthoM ke ve viziSTa aMza sagRhIta hote haiM, jinheM pUrva granthoM kA dezakAlAnusAra pravacana karate hue pravaktA ne apano apUrva medhA ke AdhAra para sarvathA nae rUpa meM 15 sanniviSTa kiyA ho| 4. kRta-isa kA sAmAnya artha hai-banAyA huaaa| isa vibhAga meM vaha vAGamaya saMgRhota hotA hai, jina kI pUrI varNAnupUrvI granthakAra kI apanI ho| 5. vyAkhyAna--isa kA bhAva spaSTa hai / samasta TIkA TippaNI 20 aura vyAkhyA grantha isake antargata Ate haiM / hama bhI isI vibhAga ke anusAra pANinIya vyAkaraNa meM ulli. khita prAcIna vAGamaya kA saMkSipta varNana kreNge| 1. dRSTa pANini sUtra kA hai--dRSTa sAma' / yahAM sAma zabda sAmaveda meM paThita RcAroM ke lie prayukta nahIM huA, apitu jaimini ke 'gotiSa sAmAkhyA lakSaNa ke anusAra RcAroM ke gAna kA vAcaka hai| kAzikA vRtti meM 'daSTaM sAma' sUtra ke udAharaNa 'krauJcam, vAsiSTham, vaizvAmatram' diye haiN| vAmadeva RSi se dRSTa vAmadevya sAma ke liye 'vAmadevADDyaDDayau ca pRthaka sUtra banAyA hai / vArtikakAra 30 1. aSTA0 4 / 2 / 7 // 2. mImAMsA 2 // 1 // 36 // 3. ayTA0 4 / 2 / 8 //

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34 AcArya pANini ke samaya vidyamAna saMskRta vAGamaya 265 kAtyAyana ke matAnusAra Agneya, kAleya, prauzanasa, prauzana, praupagava sAmoM kA bhI ullekha milatA hai|' dRSTa kA artha hai jo dekhA gayA ho| yaha kRta aura prokta se bhinna hai / ataH isakA artha hai-jisa kI racanA meM manuSya kA koI sambandha na ho, arthAta jo apauruSeya ho / yadyapi Rk aura yajuH mantroM ke apauruSeyatva ke viSaya meM 5 pANini ne sAkSAt kucha nahIM kahA, tathApi 'RcyadhyUDhaM sAma gIyate'2 isa vacana ke anusAra sAmagAna RcA ke AdhAra para hotA hai / isa liye yadi AdhriyamANa sAma dRSTa arthAt apauruSeya haiM, to unake AdhArabhUta Rka mantroM kA apauruSeyatva svataH siddha hai / yajUmantroM ke ke apauruSeyatva ke viSaya meM sAkSAt vA asAkSAt koI ullekha nahIM 10 miltaa| sAmagAna ke do bheda haiM / eka-sAmaveda kI pUrvAcika kI RcAoM meM utpanna sAma / ise prakRti-sAma vA yoni-sAma kahA jAtA hai / dUsarA-'yad yonyAM gAyati taduttarayorgAyati vacana dvArA uttarArcika kI RcAoM meM pratidiSTa hotA hai / yaha Uha gAna kahAtA hai / zabara- 15 svAmI Adi mImAMsakoM kA siddhAnta hai ki prakRti-gAna apauruSeya hai (pANini ne bhI ise hI dRSTa kahA hai), Uha gAna prAtidezika hone se pauruSeya hai| __ yadyapi pANini ne isa prakaraNa meM kevala sAma kA ullekha kiyA hai, tathApi dRSTam isa yogavibhAga se una mantroM aura mantrasamUhoM 20 meM bhI dRSTa artha meM pratyaya hotA hai, jo kinhIM viziSTa vyaktiyoM dvArA dRSTa haiM / yathA - mAdhucchandasam / vaizvAmitram / gAmidam / isa tathA etat-sadRza anya zabdoM kA brAhmaNa, AraNyaka aura kalpasUtroM meM jahAM-jahAM zaMsati kiyA ke sAtha prayoga AyA hai, vahAM 25 sarvatra tattad RSiyoM dvArA dRSTa mantra athavA sUkta abhipreta haiM / yaha 1. sarvatrAgnikalibhyAM Dhak / dRSTe sAmani jAte cA'pyaN Dida dvirvA vidhIyate / tIyAdIkak na vidyAyA gotrAdaGkavadiSyate // mahAbhASya 4 / 2 / 7 // 2. chAndogyo0 116 // tathA bhATTadIpikA 6 / 2 / 2 para pAThabheda se uddhRta / 3. bhATTadIpikA 6 / 2 / 2 para uddhRta / 4. dekho zAvarabhASya a0 6, pAda 2, adhi0 2 //

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266 saMskRta vyAkaraNa kA itihAsa dhyAna rahe ki sampUrNa bhAratIya prAcIna vAGamaya meM mantra dRSTa mAne gae haiM, kRta nhiiN| 2. prokta prokta zabda kA artha hai-kahA huaA, par3hAyA huaa| par3hAnA svaracita granthoM kA bhI hotA hai, aura pararacita grantha kA bhii| 'tena proktam" sUtra se donoM prakAra ke pravacana meM pratyaya hotA hai / yathApANininA proktaM pANinIyam, anyena kRtA mAthureNa proktA mAthurI vRttiH / 'pravacana' zAstra-racanA kI eka viziSTa vidhA hai| yaha bhAratIya 10 vAGmaya meM hI upalabdha hotI hai aura vaha bhI ArSa vAGamaya meN| isa vidhA ke granthoM meM pravaktA prAcIna granthoM ko hI deza kAla ke anurUpa DhAla kara pravacana karatA hai / ataH prokta granthoM meM prAcIna granthoM ke bahuta se aMza pUrvavat hI saMgRhIta hote haiM, aura kucha parivartita rUpa meM / pravacana-vidhA meM pravaktA ko ahaMkAra kA tyAga karanA par3atA hai| 15 ahaMkAra kA tyAga nIrajastama RSi loga hI kara sakate haiM / yataH aise AcAryoM ke prokta granthoM meM sampUrNa zabdAnupUrvI svIya nahIM hotI hai, ataH inakA 'kRta' saMjJaka vidhA meM antarbhAva nahIM hotA hai| prAcIna vAGamaya meM prokta artha meM saMskRta tathA pratisaMskRta zabda kA bhI vyavahAra milatA hai| kahIM-kahIM para sukRta aura suvihita 20 zabda kA bhI prayoga dekhA jAtA hai| saMskRta-isa zabda kA vyavahAra AyurvedIya caraka saMhitA ke siddhisthAna a0 12 meM isa prakAra milatA hai vistArayati lezoktaM saMkSipatyativistaram // 65 // saMskartA kurute tantra purANaM ca punarnavam / atastantrottamamidaM carakeNAtibuddhinA / / 66 / / saMskRtaM tattvasaMpUrNa... ......... ... ..." arthAt - [saMskartA pUrvAcAryoM dvArA] saMkSepa meM kahe gae viziSTa artha ko vistAra se kahatA hai, aura vistAra se kahe gae abhiprAya kA saMkSepa karatA hai| isa prakAra saMskartA purAne zAstra ko punaH nayA 3. arthAt svadezakAla ke anusAra upayogI banA detA hai.....| 1. aSTA0 4 / 3 / 101 // 2. mahAbhASya 4131.1 //

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AcArya pANini ke samaya vidyamAna saMskRta vAGamaya 267 caraka ke ukta pATha se saMskartA athavA pravaktA ke nae pravacana-kArya kA prayojana bhI vyakta ho jAtA hai| . pratisaMskRta-isa zabda kA prayoga bhI Ayurveda kI caraka saMhitA ke pratyadhyAya ke anta meM paThita nimna vacana meM milatA hai 'agniveza-kRte tantre crk-prtisNskRte'| sukRta-mahAbhASya 1 / 4 / 84 meM kahA hai zAkalyena sukRtAM saMhitAmanunizamya devaH prAvarSat / yadi yahAM saMhitA zabda se mantrasaMhitA abhipreta hai, taba to yahAM prokta artha meM hI sukRta zabda kA vyavahAra hai, yaha spaSTa hai / kyoMki pANini ke matAnusAra saMhitAeM prokta haiM / saMhitA zabda kA vyavahAra 10 padapATha ke lie bhI hotA hai / isaliye yadi yahAM saMhitA pada se zAkalya kI padasaMhitA abhipreta ho, to usa kA bhI sAmaveza prokta ke antargata hI hogaa| padasaMhitA kA kRta vibhAga meM bhI kathaMcit samAveza kiyA jA sakatA hai| suvihita-mahAbhASya 4 / 2 / 66 meM likhA hai ___pANinIyaM mahat suvihitam pANinIya zAstra prokta hai, vaha kRta nahIM hai| isalie yahAM sUvihitam kA artha suproktam hI hai, sukRtam nahIM hai / ___isI prakAra mahAbhASya 2 / 3 / 66 meM paThita 'zobhanA khalu pANineH sUtrasya kRtiH vacana meM tathA kAzikA 2 / 3 / 66 meM 'vicitrA hi sUtra- 20 sya kRti: pANineH pANininA vA' vacana meM kRti kA artha pravacana hI samajhanA caahie| ___ isa-prokta-vibhAga meM pANini ne aneka prakAra ke granthoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai / hama yahAM unakA sUtrAnusAra ullekha na kara ke viSayavibhAgAnusAra ullekha kareMge / yathA saMhitA-sahitAeM do prakAra kI haiN| eka mUlarUpa, aura dUsarI vyAkhyArUpa / ' dUsarI prakAra kI saMhitAoM kA zAkhA zabda se vyava ___ 1. vaidasyApauruSeyatvena svataHprAmANye siddhe tacchAkhAnAmapi taddhetutvAt prAmANyamiti bAdarAyaNAdibhiH pratipAditam / zatapatha harisvAmI-bhASya, prathama

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268 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa hAra hotA hai / aneka vidvAn saMhitAoM ke uparyukta do vibhAga nahIM mAnate / unake mata se saba saMhitAeM samAna haiM, parantu yaha ThIka nhiiN|' mahAbhASyakAra ke matAnusAra cAroM vedoM ko 1131 saMhitAeM haiN| yaha saMkhyA kRSNa dvaipAyana vyAsa aura usa ke ziSya-praziSyoM dvArA prokta saMhitAroM kI hai| vyAsa se prAcIna aitareya prabhRti saMhitAeM ina se pRthak hai| pANini ke sUtroM aura gaNoM meM nimna caraNoM tathA zAkhA granthoM kA ullekha milatA hai___4|3|202-taittiriiy, vAratantIya, khANDikIya, praukhIya / 4 / 3 / 104-hAridrava, taumburaba, praulapa, pAlamba, pAlaGgaH, kAmala, pAruNa, 10 prArcAbha, tANDa, zyAmAyana, / gaNapATha 4|3|106-shaunk, vAjasaneya, sAGgarava, zAGgarava, sAmpeya, zAkheya, ( ?, zAbhIya), khADAyana, skandha, skanda, devadattazaTha, rajjukaNTha, rajjubhAra, kaThazATha, kazAya, talavakAra, puruSAsaka, azvapeya / 4|3|107-ktth, caraka / 4|3|108-kaalaap / 4|3|106-chaagley / 4|3|128-shaakl / 15 4|3|126-chndog, aukthika, yAjJika, bahavaca, / gaNapATha 6 / 2 / 37 kANDa kA prArambha / yahAM harisvAmI ne spaSTatayA veda aura zAkhAmoM kA pArthakya mAnA hai| "pAryaM jagata" patra (lAhaura) saM0 2004 jyeSTha mAsa ke aGka meM merA 'vaidika siddhAnta vimarza' lekha saM0 4 / 1. dekho pRSTha 267 kI TippaNI 1 / 20 2. ekazatamadhvayu zAkhA: sahasravA sAmavedaH, ekaviMzatidhA bAha vRcyam navadhAtharvaNo vedaH / mahA0 111 / prA0 1 // 3. caraNoM aura zAkhAoM meM bheda hai / zAkhA caraNa ke avAntara vibhAga kA nAma hai / tulanA karo-bhojavarmA ( 12 vIM zatAbdI)kA tAmrapatra-jamada gnipravarAya vAjasaneyacaraNAya yjurvedkaannvshaakhaadhyaayine....."| vaidika vAGmaya 25 kA itihAsa, bhAga 1, pRSTha 273 (dvi0 saM0) para uddhRta / caraNa ke lie pratizAkhA zabda kA, aura zAkhA ke lie anuzAkhA zabda kA bhI vyavahAra hotA hai| isa ke lie dekhie isI grantha kA 'prAtizAkhya ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA' zIrSaka adhyAya (bhAga 2) / pAzcAtya tathA unake anuyAyI bhAratIya vidvAnoM ne 'caraNa' kA artha 'skUla' kiyA hai| zrI vAsudevazaraNa 30 agravAla ne 'vaidika-vidyApITha' mAnA hai |(paanniniikaaliin bhAratavarSa, pRSTha 260) / donoM kA abhiprAya eka hI hai / yaha vicAra bhAratIya aitihya ke viparIta hai|

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AcArya pANini ke samaya vidyamAna saMskRta vAG maya 26e zAkala, prArcAbha, maudgala, kaTha, kalApa, kauthuma, laugAkSa, mauda, paippalAda | 7|4 | 38 - kAThaka | mahAbhASya 4 / 2 / 66 meM " krauDa" aura "kAGkata", tathA pANini se prAcIna Apizala zikSA ke SaSTha prakaraNa meM "sAtyamugrIya" aura "rANAyanIya " kA nAma milatA hai / ' pANini ne sAtyamuni prAcArya kA 5 nirdeza aSTA0 4 / 1 / 81 meM sAkSAt kiyA hai / ina nAmoM meM jo nAma gaNapATha meM Aye haiM, una meM katipaya sandigdha haiM, aura katipaya nAmoM meM kevala zAbdika bheda hai / yathAskandha aura skanda tathA sAGgarava aura zArGgarava Adi / saMhitA granthoM ke uparyukta nAma sUtra kramAnusAra likhe haiM / ina 10 kA vedAnusAra sambandha isa prakAra hai Rgveda - bahavRca, zAkala, maudgala tathA haradatta ke mata meM kAThaka / inameM zAkala saMhitA pANini se purANaprokta aitareya brAhmaNa 14 / 5 meM uddhRta hai / zukla yajurveda - vAjasaneya, zApeya / kRSNa - yajarveda - taittirIya, vAratantIya, khaNDikIya, auaukhIya, hAridrava, taumburava praulapa, chAgala, Alamba, pAlaGga, kamala, prabha AruNa, tANDa, ?, zyAmAyana, khADAyana, kaTha, caraka, kAlApa | 15 sAmaveda- talavakAra, sAtyamugrIya, rANAyanIya, kauthuma, laugAkSa, 20 chandoga | zratharvaveda - zaunaka, mauda, paippalAda / nizcita - veda-sambandha - ve zAkhAeM jina kA sambandha hama kisI veda ke sAtha nizcita nahIM kara sake - praukthika, ' yAjJika, sAGgarava, 1. chandogAnAM sAtyamugrirANayanIyAH hrasvAni paThanti / dra0 - nanu ca 25 bhozchandogAnAM sAtyamugrirANayanIyA ardhamekA ramardhamokAraM cAdhIyate / mahA0 egro sUtra, tathA 1 / 1 / 47 // 2. padamaJjarI 7|4|38|| mahAbhASya 22 26 ke 'kaThazcAyaM baha, vRzca' pATha se kaTha zAkhA kA saMbandha Rgveda ke sAtha nahIM hai, yahI dhvanita hotA hai / 3. aitareya brAhmaNa kA vartamAna pATha zaunaka prokta hai / 4. ukthasUtra gArgyakRta upanidAna ke anta smRta haiM / 30

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270 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa zArGgarava, sAmpeya, zAkheya, (?, zAbhIya), skandha, skanda, devadattazATha, rajjukaTha, rajjubhAra, kaThazATha, kazAya, puruSAsaka, azvapeyaH kroDa,, kAGkata / ina zAkhAoM kA vizeSa varNana zrI paM0 bhagavaddattajI kRta 'vaidika 5 vAGamaya kA itihAsa, prathama bhAga meM dekhanA caahiye| zAkhAmoM se sambaddha padapATha tathA kramapATha kA varNana Age kreNge| 2. brAhmaNa-veda kI jitanI zAkhAeM prasiddha haiM, prAyaH una saba ke brAhmagrantha bhI purAkAla meM vidyamAna the| brAhmaNagranthoM kA pravacana bhI unhIM RSiyoM ne kiyA thA, jinhoMne una kI saMhitAoM kA / ataH 10 pUrvoddhata zAkhAgranthoM ke nirdeza ke sAtha-sAtha una ke brAhmaNagranthoM kA bhI nirdeza samajhanA cAhiye / isa sAmAnya nirdeza ke atirikta pANinIya sUtroM meM nimna brAhmaNagranthoM kA ullekha milatA hai brAhmaNoM ke bheda-pANini ne 'chandobrAhmaNAni ca tadviSayANi" sUtra meM brAhmaNagranthoM kA sAmAnya nirdeza kiyA hai / 'purANaprokteSu 15 'brAhmaNakalpeSu sUtra meM brAhmaNagranthoM ke prAcIna aura arvAcIna do vibhAga darzAe haiN| ___ pANini-nirdiSTa purANaprokta aura arvAkprokta brAhmaNagranthoM kI sImA kA parijJAna atyanta Avazyaka hai| hamAre vicAra meM vaha sImA hai-kRSNa dvaipAyana kA zAkhA-pravacana / arthAt kRSNa dvaipAyana ke zAkhA20 pravacana se pUrva prokta purANa brAhmaNa aura usa ke ziSya-praziSyoM dvArA prokta arvAcIna haiM / isa kI puSTi kAzikAkAra ke yAjJavalkyAdayo'cirakAlA ityAkhyAneSu vAtoM (4 / 3 / -05) vacana se bhI hotI haiN| kAzikAkAra jayAditya ne purANa-prokta brAhmaNoM meM 'bhAllava, zATyAyana, aitareya' kA aura arvAcIna brAhmaNoM meM 'yAjJavalkya' arthAta zatapatha brAhmaNa kA nirdeza kiyA hai| zatapathabrAhmaNa kA dUsarA nAma vAjasaneya brAhmaNa bhI hai| isa kA nirdeza gaNapATha 4 / 2 / 106 meM upalabdha hotA hai / aSTAdhyAyI 4 / 2 / 66 kI kAzikAvRtti meM bhAllava Adi prAcIna brAhmaNoM ke sAtha 'tANDa', aura arvAcIna brAhmaNoM meM yAjJavalkya ke sAtha 'saulabha' brAhmaNa kA bhI nAma milatA hai| yaha 20 1. aSTA0 4 / 2 / 66 // 2. aSTA0 4 / 3 / 10 / /

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AcArya pANini ke samaya vidyamAna saMskRta vAGamaya 271 saulabha brAhmaNa saMbhavata: usI kSatriyakula-saMbhUtA brahmavAdinI saMnyAsinI sulabhA dvArA prokta hogA, jisakA videha janaka ke sAtha brahmavidyA-viSayaka saMvAda hayA thaa|' zAMkhAyana gRhya 4 / 6 tathA kauSItaki gRhma 2 / 5 ke tarpaNa meM 'sulabhA maitrayI' pATha milatA hai / AzvalAyana Adi gRhyasUtroM ke RSitarpaNa meM bhI sulabhA kA nAma upalabdha hotA 5 hai / ataH sambhava hai saulabha brAhmaNa Rgveda kA ho / tANDa-tANDaya ke sambandha meM vizeSa vicAra-'taNDa' zabda gargAdigaNa 4 / 1 / 105 meM paThita hai| usa kA gotrApatya tANDaya vaizampAyanAnte vAsiyoM meM anyatama hai (dra0 kAzikA 4 / 3 / 104) / 'taNDa se prokta brAhmaNa kA adhyayana karane vAle' isa artha meM aSTA0 10 4 / 1 / 105 se Nini pratyaya hone se ve tANDina: kahAte haiN| tANDya prokta brAhmaNa kA adhyayana karane vAle tANDAH kahAte haiM / yahAM saulabhAni brAhmaNAni ke samAna aNa pratyaya hotA hai| tANDa se AmnAya artha meM vaJ (aSTA0 4 / 3 / 126) hokara 'tANDakam' prayoga hotA hai| taNDa aura tANDaya donoM se proktArtha meM ausargika aN pratyaya hokara 15 tANDAH samAnarUpa bhI niSpanna hotA hai| lATyAyana zrauta meM eka sUtra hai-'tathA purANaM tANDam" / aisA hI sUtra drAhyAyaNa zrauta 211 // 32 meM bhI hai| ina donoM meM tANDa kA purANa vizeSaNa diyA hai| isa sUtra se pANini dvArA darzAe gaye brAhmaNoM ke purANa aura arvAcIna do vibhAgoM tathA kAzikA vRtti 20 4 / 2 / 66 meM purANa brAhmaNoM meM nirdiSTa tANDa nAma kI puSTi hotI hai| lATayAyana ke sUtra se yaha bhI vidita hotA hai ki tANDa brAhmaNa bhI do prakAra kA thA-eka prAcIna aura dUsarA arvAcIna / sambhavataH vartamAna tANDya brAhmaNa arvAcIna ho / saMkSiptasAra vyAkaraNa ke TIkAkAra goyIcandra pautthAsAnika ne 25 'prayAjJavalkyAdeAhmaNe sUtra kI vRtti meM purANa-prokta aitareya aura zATayAyana brAhmaNa ke sAtha 'bhAguri' brAhmaNa kA ullekha kiyA hai| yaha brAhmaNa bhI purANa-prokta hai / eka purANa-prokta paiGgalAyani brAhmaNa baudhAyana zrauta 27 meM uddhRta hai| 1. mahAbhArata zAntiparva a0 320 / 3. taddhita prakaraNa 454 / 2. lATayA0 zrota 7 / 10 / 17 // 30 4. pUrva pRSTha 205, Ti0 2 / /

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272 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 5 vAtikakarokta purANa kI somA-kAtyAyana ne 'yAjJavalkyAdibhyaH pratiSedhastulyakAlatvAt' kaha kara yAjJavalkya brAhmaNa ko bhI prAcIna batAyA hai| sabhava hai kAtyAyana ne pANini ke 'purANa-prokta' zabda kA artha 'sUtrakAra se pUrvaprokta' itanA sAmAnya ho svIkAra kiyA ho / mahAbhASyakAra ne isa vArtika para Adi pada se saulabha brAhmaNa kA nirdaza kiyA hai / isase itanA spaSTa hai ki yAjJavalkya aura saulabha brAhmaNa kA pravacana pANini se pUrva ho gayA thaa| veda kI zAkhAoM kA aneka bAra pravacana--sarga ke Adi se lekara kRSNa dvaipAyana vyAsa aura una ke ziSya-praziSyoM paryanta veda kI zAkhAoM 1. kA aneka bAra pravacana huprA hai / bhagavAn vedavyAsa aura unake ziSya praziSyoM dvArA jo zAkhAgoM kA pravacana huaA, vaha antima pravacana hai| chAndogya upaniSad aura jaiminIya upaniSad brAhmaNa se vidita hotA hai ki aitareya brAhmaNa ke pravaktA mahidAsa aitareya kI mRtyu ina kI racanA se bahuta pUva ho cukI thii| ata eva ina granthoM meM usake 15 liye parokSabhUta kI kriyAoM kA prayoga huaA hai|' SaDguruziSya ne aitareya brAhmaNa kI vRtti ke prArambha meM aitareya ko yAjJavalkya kI itarA=kAtyAyanI nAmnI patnI meM utpanna kahA hai| vaha sarvathA kAlpanika kahA hai| aitareya brAhmaNa kRSNa dvaipAyana vyAsa se purANa-prokta hai| parantu usa meM zAkala saMhitA kA parokSarUpa se ullekha milatA hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki aitareya brAhmaNa kA vartamAna pravacana zaunaka vA usa ke ziSya AzvalAyana kA hai / usI ne anta ke 10 adhyAya bhI jor3a diye haiM ! mUla aitareya meM 30 ho adhyAya the / 1. mahAbhASya 4 / 3 / 105 // 25 2. yAni pUrvairdevairvidvadbhirbrahmANamArabhya yAjakalkyavAtsyAyanajaiminyantai RSibhizcaitareyazatapathAdIni bhASyANi rcitaanyaasn...."| RgvedAdibhASyabhUmikA, bhASyakaraNa-zaGkAsamAdhAna viSaya, pRSTha 364, rAlAkaTra saM0 / 1. parva pRSTha 185 / 4. AsId vipro yAjJavalkyo dvibhArya:, tasya dvitIyAmitareti cAhuH / sa jyeSThayA'kRSTacitaH priyAM tAmuktvA 30 dvitIyAmitareti hove // 5. pUrva pRSTha 185-186 / 6. dra0--aitareya AraNyaka ke prathama tIna adhyAya aitareya prokta haiN| cauthe

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35 prAcArya pANini ke samaya vidyamAna saMskRta vAGmaya 273 __vAyu Adi purANoM meM 28 vyAsoM kA varNana upalabdha hotA hai|' una meM kRSNa dvaipAyana vyAsa aTThAIsavAM hai| usase vidita hotA hai ki kRSNa dvaipAyana se pUrva nyUnAtinyUna 27 bAra zAkhA-pravacana avazya ho cukA thaa| pANini ne 'trizaccatvAriMzatorbrAhmaNe saMjJAyAM DaN" sUtra meM tIsa / aura cAlosa adhyAya vAle 'za' aura 'cAtvAriMza' saMjJaka brAhmaNoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai| baiMza aura cAtvAriMza nAmoM se kina brAhmaNagranthoM kA ullekha hai, yaha ajJAta hai / samprati aitareya brAhmaNa meM 40 adhyAya haiM / SaDguruziSya ne aitareya brAhmaNa kI vRtti ke prArambha meM usakA 'cAtvAriMza' nAma se ullekha kiyA hai| *za nAma aitareya ke 10 prArambhika 30 adhyAoM kA hai, antima 10 adhyAya arvAcIna haiN| isa kI puSTi AzvalAyana gRhya 3 / 4 / 4, kauSItaki gRhya 2 / 5 tathA zAMkhAyana gRhya 4 / 6; 61 ke tarpaNa prakaraNa meM paThita aitareya mahaitareya nAmoM se hotI hai| kyA aitareya zabda se prAcIna 30 adhyAya aura mahaita reya se uttaravartI 10 adhyAya milAkara pUre 40 adhyAya abhipreta haiM ? 15 yaha vicAraNIya hai / kauSItaki aura zAMkhAyana brAhmaNoM meM bhI 30 adhyAya upalabdha hote haiN| sambhava hai pANini kA za prayoga ina ke lie ho / kItha ke mata meM pANini ne cAtvAriMza zabda se aitareya kA nirdeza kiyA aura za zabda se kauSItaki kA / paM0 satyavrata sAmazramI ke mata meMpaJcaviMza ke 25 prapAThaka SaviMza mantra-brAhmaNa chAndogya upaniSad kA pravacana AzvalAyana ne aura pAMcaveM kA zaunaka ne kiyA / dra0 vaidika vAGmaya kA itihAsa, brAhmaNa AraNyaka bhAga, aitareya AraNyaka vrnnn| 25 1. vAyu purANa a0 23 zloka 114 se anta paryanta / 2. aSTA0 5 // 1 // 62 // 3. trizadadhyAyAH parimANameSAM brAhmaNAnAM traizAni brAhmaNAni, cAtvAriMzAni brAhmaNAni, kAnicideva brAhmaNAnyucyante / kAzikA 551162 // 4. cAtvAriMzAkhyamadhyAyAH catvAriMzaditi DaN / pRSTha 2 / =40 prapAThaka

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274 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 40 prapAThaka kA kabhI eka hI tANDya yA chAndogya brAhmaNa thaa| prAcArya zaMkara ne vedAnta-bhASya meM mantra-brAhmaNa aura chAndogya upaniSad ke vacana tANDya ke nAma se uddhRta kiye haiN|' sAyaNAcArya tANDya aura SaDviMza brAhmaNa meM prapAThaka ke sthAna meM adhyAya zabda kA vyavahAra karatA hai / chAndogya upaniSad meM bhI prapAThaka ke sthAna meM adhyAya zabda kA vyavahAra upalabdha hotA hai / ataH yaha bhI sambhava hai ki-cAtvAriMza nAma se paJcaviMza, SaDviMza, mantrabrAhmaNa aura chAndogya upaniSad ke sammilita 40 adhyAya vAle tANDya brAhmaNa kA nirdeza ho, aura traiza nAma se paJcaviMza tathA SaDviMza ke sammilita 10 30 adhyAyoM kA saMketa ho / sau adhyAya vAle zatapatha ke 15, 60 aura 80 adhyAya kramazaH paJcadazapatha, SaSTipatha aura azItipatha nAma se vyavahRta hote haiM, yaha anupada drshaaeNge| . 'zataSaSTeH Sikan pathaH" vArtika ke udAharaNa meM kAzikAkAra ne 'zatapatha' aura 'SaSTipatha' kA ullekha kiyA hai| zatapatha kA nirdeza 15 devapathAdigaNa meM milatA hai| zatapatha brAhmaNa meM 100 adhyAya haiN| SaSTipatha zatapatha kA hI eka aMza hai| navamakANDa paryanta zatapatha brAhmaNa meM 60 adhyAya haiN| navamakANDa meM agnicayana kA varNana hai| pratIta hotA hai ki vArtikakAra ke samaya meM zatapatha ke 60 adhyAyoM kA paThana-pAThana vizeSa rUpa se hotA thA / kAzikA 2 / 116 ke 20 'sAgnyadhIte' udAharaNa se bhI isakI puSTi hotI hai, kyoMki isa udA 1. vedAnta bhASya 3|3|26--taannddinaaN..... deva savitaH..... mantra brA0 111 // 1 // vedAnta bhASya 3|3|26-asti tANDinAM zrutiH-azva iva romANi ....."chA0 upa0 8 / 13 / 1 // vedAnta bhASya 3|3|36-taannddinaamupnissdi - sa prAtmA tattvamasi...'chA0 upa0 6 / 87 ityAdi / zaMkarAcArya ne yahAM 25 arvAcIna tANcaya brAhmaNa ke avayavabhUta chAndogya upaniSad aura mantra brAhmaNa ke liye se 'purANaprokteSu brAhmaNakalpeSu' (4 / 3 / 105) sUtra se vihita Nini pratyayAnta zabda kA kiyA hai, vaha cintya hai / pratIta hotA hai unheM tANDa brAhmaNa ke purANa aura arvAcIna do bhedoM kA jJAna nahIM thaa| 2. yaha kAtyAyana se bhinna kisI prAcArya ke zlokavAttika kA eka aMza hai| pUrA zloka kAzikA meM vyAkhyAta hai| mahAbhASya meM itanA aMza hI vyakhyAta hai| 3. aSTA0 // 3 // 10 // 2. 9 / mAga

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zrAcArya pANini ke samaya vidyamAna saMskRta vAGmaya 275 haraNa meM agnicayanAnta grantha par3hane kA nirdeza hai / zatapatha ke navama kANDa paryanta vizeSa paThana-pAThana hone kA eka kAraNa yaha bhI hai ki zatapatha ke prathama & kANDoM meM yajurveda ke prArambhika 18 adhyAyoM ke prAyaH sabhI mantra kramazaH vyAkhyAta haiM / Age yaha vizeSatA nahIM hai / kAtyAyana zrautasUtra ke pariziSTarUpa pratijJA' sUtra pariziSTa kI 5 caturtha kaNDikA meM zatapatha ke 15, 60 tathA 80 adhyAyAtmaka 'paJcadazapatha ' ' SaSTipatha' 'zrazItipatha' tIna avAntara bheda darzAye haiM / ' 1 13 aSTAdhyAyI ke 'na subrahmaNyAyAM svaritasya tadAtta: sUtra meM 'subrahmaNya' nigada kA ullekha hai | subrahmaNya nigada mAdhyandina zatapatha meM upalabdha hotA hai / svalpa pAThabheda se kANva zatapatha meM bhI milatA 10 hai / parantu pANini tathA kAtyAyana pradarzita svara mAdhyandina aura kANva donoM zatapathoM meM nahIM milatA / zatapatha kA tIsarA bheda kAtyAna bhI hai / " sambhava hai pANini aura vArtikakAra pradarzita svara usameM ho, athavA ina donoM kA saMketa kisI anya granthastha subrahmaNyA nigada kI ora ho / subrahmaNyA kA vyAkhyAna SaDviMza brAhmaNa 1 / 18 se 1 / 2 ke anta taka milatA hai, parantu SaDviMza meM samprati svaranirdeza upalabdha nahIM hotA / 15 3. zranubrAhmaNa - pANini ne 'anubrAhmaNAdiniH 6 sUtra meM 'anubrAhmaNa' kA sAkSAt ullekha kiyA hai / anubrAhmaNa kA lakSaNa - kAzikAkAra ne anubrAhmaNa ke viSaya meM 20 likhA hai - brAhmaNasadRzo'yaM grantho'nubrAhmaNam / isa se anubrAhmaNa kA svarUpa abhivyakta nahIM hotA hai / bhaTTa bhAskara tai0 saM0 118 | 1 ke Arambha meM likhatA hai - dvividhaM brAhmaNam / karmabrAhmaNaM kalpabrAhmaNaM ca / tatra karmabrAhmaNaM yat kevalAni karmANi vidhatte mantrAn viniyuGkte, na prazaMsAM karoti na nindAm / 25 1. kAtyAyana prAtizAkhya se sambaddha bhI eka pratijJA pariziSTa hai / 2. atha brAhmaNam--paJcadazapathaH, SaSTinADIkamantraH SaSTipathaH, azItipathaH, zatapatha:, avadhyA sammitaH / 3. zraSTA0 11227 // 4. zata0 3 / 4 / 17-20 // 5. dekho vaidika vAGmaya kA itihAsa, bhAga 1, pRSTha 277, dvi0 saM0 // 6. aSTA0 4 / 2 / 62 // 30

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276 prarthavAdAdiyuktaM karmavidhAnaM kalpabrAhmaNam / arthAt - brAhmaNa do prakAra ke haiM - karmabrAhmaNa aura kalpabrAhmaNa / karmabrAhmaNa kevala karmoM kA vidhAna karate haiM, mantroM kA viniyoga karate haiM / prazaMsA nindA nahIM karate / ... arthavAdAdi se yukta karma vidhAyaka 5. kalpabrAhmaNa kahAtA hai / sAyaNAcArya ne bhI tai0 saM0 1 / 8 / 1 ke Arambha meM likhA hai-. zraSTame mantrakANDasthe karmaNAM bahulatvataH / tattatsaMnidhaye proktA mantrA vidhipuraHsarAH || 4 || anUdya tAn vidhIn prarthavAdo brAhmaNa IritaH / sampradAya vido'to'tra brAhmaNadvayamUcire ||5|| brAhmaNaM mantrakANDasdha vidhijAtamitIritam / dhanubrAhmaNamanyattu kathitaM sArthavAdakam || 6 || saMskRta vyAkaraNa- zAstra kA itihAsa d 11 inakA bhAva yaha hai ki aSTama mantrakANDa meM karmoM kI bahulatA hai / usa usa karma kI sannidhi meM vidhipurassara mantra par3he haiM / una vidhiyoM kA anuvAda kara ke arthavAda brAhmaNa kA nirdeza hai / isaliye yahAM sampradAyavit AcArya do prakAra ke brAhmaNa kahate haiM / mantra kANDastha vidhirUpa jo aMza hai vaha brAhmaNa kahAtA hai aura usa se bhinna sArthavAda anubrAhmaNa kahatA hai / sAyaNAcArya 1 / 6 / 12 ke anta meM prapAThaka ke anuvAkoM meM kathita 20 kArya kA saMkSepa likhate hue likhatA hai - bhraSTame saMhitAyAM tu samantrA vidhayaH smRtAH / vidhivyAkhyAnarUpatvAd anubrAhmaNamucyate // isa vacana se jAnA jAtA hai ki jo brAhmaNa vacana vidhibhAga ke vyAkhyAnarUpa haiM, unhe anubrAhmaNa kahate haiM / 25 saMbhavata: isI dRSTi se bhaTTa bhAskara ne tai0 saM0 11801 ke bhASya ke Arambha meM hI likhA hai anubrAhmaNaM ca bhavati - praSTAvetAni havIMSi bhavanti ( tai0 brA0 1 / 6 / 1 ante) / zAMkhAyana zrauta ke bhASyakAra prAnartIya brahmadatta ne 14 / 2 / 3 meM 30 lilA hai

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zrAcArya pANini ke samaya vidyamAna saMskRta vAG maya evaM tarhyanubrAhmaNametat mahAkauSItakodAhRtaM kalpasUtrakAreNAdhyAyatrayam / 277 ina udAharaNoM se vidita hotA hai ki viniyojaka vidhirUpa brAhmaNavacanoM ke vyAkhyAnarUpa jo prarthavAdAdirUpa vacana haiM unheM mukhya vidhirUpa brAhmaNoM ke vyAkhyAnarUpa vacana hone se anubrAhmaNa kahate haiM / 5 isa se anubrAhmaNa kA svarUpa spaSTa ho jAne para bhI pANinI ke anu-brAhmaNAdini: ( zraSTA0 4 / 2 / 22 ) sUtra se tathA usakI vyAkhyAnoM se anubrAhmaNasaMjJaka kisI svatantra grantha kI pratIti hotI hai / satyavrata sAmazramI ne niruktAlocana meM likhA hai - tANDyAMzabhUtAni tANDyapariziSTAni vA anubrAhmaNAni vA 10 'parANi saptAdhIyante / pRSTha 167 / isa lekha ke anusAra satyavrata sAmazramI ke mata meM sAmaveda ke ArSeya, mantra, vaMza Adi sAta brAhmaNa anubrAhmaNa haiM / hameM ina brAhmaNoM ke lie anubrAhmaNa zabda kA kahIM prayoga upalabdha nahIM huA / ataH hamAre vicAra meM satyavrata sAmazramI kA lekha kalpanAmAtra hai / vaha bhI sambhava hai ki pANinIyasUtra paThita anubrAhmaNa zabda AraNyaka granthoM kA vAcaka ho, kyoMki usameM karmakANDa aura brahmakANDa donoM kA sammizraNa hai aura unakI racanAzailI bhI brAhmaNagranthAnusAriNI hai| prAraNyaka granthoM ke pravaktA bhI prAyaH ve hI RSi haiM, jo tattat zAkhA vA brAhmaNapranthoM ke pravaktA haiM / bRhadAraNyaka Adi kaI Ara- 20 Nyaka sAkSAt brAhmaNagranthoM ke avayava haiM / ataH pANini ke grantha meM AraNyaka granthoM kA sAkSAt nirdaza na hone para bhI ve pANini dvArA jJAta avazya the / yaha bhI sambhava hai ki anubrAhmaNa nAmaka koI viziSTa grantha rahA ho / * 15 4. upaniSad - isa zabda kA artha hai - samIpa baiThanA / isI prartha 25 ko lekara pANini ne 'jIvikopaniSadAvopamye" sUtra meM upamArtha meM upaniSat zabda kA vyavahAra kiyA hai / granthavAcI upaniSat zabda kA ullekha RgayanAdigaNa meM milatA hai / isa gaNapATha se yaha bhI 1. aSTA0 124 76 // 2. dra0-- kauTilya arthazAstra kA propaniSada prakaraNa | 3. zraSTA0 4 | 3 |73 // 30

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278 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa vyakta hotA hai ki pANini ke kAla meM upaniSadoM para vyAkhyAna granthoM kI racanA bhI prArambha ho gaI thI,' athavA ve vyAkhyAnayogya samajhI jAtI thiiN| samprati upalabhyamAna Iza Adi mukhya 15 upaniSadeM saMhitA brAhmaNa aura prAraNyaka granthoM ke ho viziSTAMza haiM / ataH ye pANini ko avazya jJAta rahI hoMgI / aSTAdhyAyI 4 / 3 / 126 meM chandoga zabda se AmnAya artha meM chAndogya pada siddha hotA hai / chAndogya upaniSada isI chAndogya prAnnAya se sambandha rakhatI hai| eka paiGgalopaniSad, jisakA prAcArya piGgala se sambandha jor3A jA sakatA hai, milatI hai, parantu yaha navIna racanA hai / 5. kalpasUtra-ina meM zrauta, gRhya aura dharma sambandhI vividha sUtroM kA samAveza hotA hai| zulbasUtra zrautasUtroM ke hi pariziSTa haiM / aSTAdhyAyI ke 'purANaprokteSu brAhmaNakalpeSu sUtra meM sAkSAt kalpasUtroM kA nirdeza hai| pANini ne isI sUtra se unake prAcIna aura navIna do bheda bhI darzAe haiM / kAzikAkAra ne isI sUtra para purANa 15 kalpoM meM paiGgI tathA 'pAruNaparAjI' ko udghata kiyA, aura arvA cInoM meM 'prAzmaratha' ko| kAzikA kA mudrita 'pAruNaparAjaH' pATha azuddha pratIta hotA hai| sambhava hai yahAM 'pAruNaparAzarI' pATha ho bhaTTa kumArila ne tantravArtika a0 1, pA0 2, adhi06 meM likhA hai-'aruNaparAzarazAkhAbrAhmaNasya kalparUpatvAt' / 'paiGgalI kalpa' kA 20 nirdeza jaina zAkaTAyana 3 / 174 kI amoghA aura cintAmaNi vRtti meM hai| baubAyana zrauta 27 meM eka paiGgalAyani brAhmaNa udadhRta hai, kyA paiGgalIkalpa kA usake sAtha sambandha hai, vA paiGgIkalpa kA apapATha hai ? pANini ne 'kAzyapakauzikAbhyAmRSibhyAM Nini:' sUtra meM 'kAzyapa' aura 'kauzika' granthoM kA ullekha kiyA hai / kAtyAyana ke 'kAzyapa25 kauzikagrahaNaM kalpe niyamArtham kArtika se pratIta hotA hai ki ukta satra meM kAzyapa ora kauzika kalpoM kA nirdeza hai / kauzika kalpa pAthavarNa kauzikasUtra pratIta hotA hai / gRhapati zaunaka pANini kA samakAlika vA kiMcit paurvakAlika hai, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiM / 1. yahAM 'tasya vyAkhyAna:' athaM kI anuvRtti hai| 2. aSTA0 4 / 3 / 105 // 3. aSTA0 4 / 33103 // 4. mahAbhASya 4 / 2 // 66 // 5. pUrva pRSTha 218-216 /

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zrAcArya pANini ke samaya vidyamAna saMskRta vAG maya 276 14 usakA eka ziSya AzvalAyana hai / ' usI ne AzvalAyana zrauta aura gRhyasUtroM kA pravacana kiyA hai / zaunaka kA dUsarA ziSya kAtyAyana hai, jisane kAtyAyana zrauta aura gRhyasUtroM kI racanA kI ( vartamAna meM upalabdha kAtyAyana smRti Adhunika ) hai | ataH ye grantha pANini ke kAla meM avazya vidyamAna rahe hoMge / aSTAdhyAyI ke 'yajJakarmaNyajapa - 5 nyUGkhasAmasu " sUtra meM 'nyUja' kA ullekha hai | ye nyUGkha AzvalAyana zrauta 7 / 11 meM milate haiM / mahAbhASya 4 |2| 60 meM 'vidyAlakSaNakalpAntAditi vaktavyam' vArtika ke udAharaNa 'pArAzarakalpikaH, mAtRkalpika:' diye haiM / aSTAdhyAyI 4 | 3 | 60 ra 4 | 3 | 67, 70, 72 se vidita hotA hai ki pANini ke samaya 'rAjasUya, vAjapeya, zragniSToma 10 pAkayajJa, iSTi' Adi vividha yajJoM para prakriyA grantha race jA cuke the / pANini ke 'yajJe sami stuvaH pre stro'yajJe, ' parau yajJe, prayAjAnuyAjau yajJAGge" Adi sUtroM meM yajJaviSayaka kaI pAribhASika zabdoM kA ullekha milatA hai / aSTAdhyAyI ke chandogaukthikayAjJikabaha vRcanaTAJJya: sUtra meM chandoga, praukthika," yAjJika, baha vRca aura naTa 15 kA nirdeza hai / kAzikAkAra ne kAtyAyana ke 'caraNAddharmAmnAyayoH" .99 vArtika kA sambandha isa sUtra meM karake naTa zabda se bhI dharma aura AmnAya artha meM pratyaya kA vidhAna kiyA hai, " yaha ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki naTa zabda caraNavAcI nahIM hai / ata eva prAcArya candragomI 'yo nRtye "" pRthaka sUtra raca kara naTa zabda se kevala nRtya artha 20 2. paM0 bhagavaddattajI kRta 'bhAratavarSa kA bRhad itihAsa' bhAga 1, pRSTha 27 (dvi0 saM0) / 2. eko hi zaunakAcArya ziSyo bhagavAn kAtyAyanaH / vedArthadIpikA pRSTha 57 // 3. kAtyAyanagRhya pAraskaragRhya se bhinna haiM / isakA prakAzana hamane prathama vAra isI varSa (saM0 2040) kiyA hai / 4. aSTA0 1 / 2134 // 5. aSTA0 3 / 3 / 31 // 7. bhraSTA0 3 / 3 / 47 // 6. zraSTA0 3 / 3 / 32 // 8. aSTA0 773 / 72 // 6. aSTA0 4 / 3 / 126 // 10. ukthazAstra kA nirdeza gArgya ke upanidAna sUtra ke anta meM tathA caraNa vyUha ke yAjuSakhaNDa meM bhI upalabdha hotA hai / 11. 12. caraNAddharmAmnAyayo:,tatsAhacaryAnnaTa zabdAdapi 13. cAndravyAkaraNa 3 | 3 | 61 // 25 mahAbhASya 3 / 4 / 120 // 30 dharmAmnAyayoreva bhavati /

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280 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa meM pratyaya-vidhAna kiyA hai / bhojadeva ne bhI cAndra vyAkaraNa kA hi anusaraNa kiyA hai|' isa prakaraNa meM prAmnAya zabda se kina granthoM kA grahaNa hai, yaha aspaSTa haiN| hamArA vicAra hai ki yahA~ AmnAya pada kA abhiprAya pratyeka zAstra ke mUla granthoM se hai| 5 6. anukalpa-aSTAdhyAyI 4 / 2 / 60 ke ukthAdigaNa meM 'anukalpa' kA nirdeza hai / anukalpa se pANini ko kyA abhipreta hai, yaha ajJAta hai / sambhava hai yahAM anukalpa pada se kalpasUtroM ke AdhAra para likhe gaye yAjJika paddhatigranthoM kA nirdeza ho / AzvalAyana gahya kI haradatta kI anAvilA TIkA (pRSTha 108) meM anukalpa kA nirdeza hai| eka prAcIna 'kalpAnupada' sUtra milatA hai / vaha sAmavedIya yAjika grantha hai / manusmRti 3 / 147 meM prathamakalpa aura anukalpa kA nirdeza hai| usakA abhiprAya pradhAna aura gauNa se hai| 7. zikSA-jina granthoM meM vargoM ke sthAna prayatna Adi kA ullekha hai, ve grantha 'zikSA' kahAte haiN| pANinIya sUtrapATha meM zikSA15 granthoM kA sAkSAt ullekha nahIM milatA, parantu gaNapATha 4 / 2 / 61 meM zikSA zabda par3hA hai aura usake adhyetA aura vizeSajJa zaikSyaka kahAte the / isa se vyakta hai ki pANini ke kAla meM zikSA kA paThanapAThana hotA thA, aura usake kaI grantha vidyamAna the / kAzikAkAra ne 'zaunakAdibhyazchandasi" ke 'chandasi' pada kA pratyudAharaNa 'zonakoyA 20 zikSA' diyA hai / RkprAtizAkhya ke vyAkhyAkAra viSNumitra ne bhI zaunakIya zikSA kA nirdeza kiyA hai| RprAtizAkhya ke 13, 14 veM paTaloM meM vargoM ke sthAna prayatna Adi kA varNana hone se ve zikSA-paTala kahAte hai / ata eva inheM vedAGga bhI kahA hai| sambhava hai kAzikA ke 'zaunakIyA zikSA' pratyudAharaNa meM inhIM kA grahaNa ho / eka zauna25 koyA zikSA kA hastalekha yaDiyAra (madrAsa) ke pustakAlaya meM vidyamAna hai| yaha prAcIna ArSagragrantha hai yA arvAcIna, yaha ajJAta 1. naTAbhyo nRtte / sarasvatI kaNThAbharaNa 4 / 3 / 261 // 2. aSTA0 4 / 3 / 106 // 3. bhagavAn zaunako vedArthavita..... zikSAzAstra kRtavAn / RkprAti0 vargadvaya-vRtti, pRSTha 13 / 304. caudahaveM 'paTala ke anta meM-kRtsnaM ca vedAGgamanindya mArSam / zloka 6 / 5. dekho sUcIpatra bhAga 2, san 1928, pariziSTa pRSTha 2 //

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36 AcArya pANini ke samaya vidyamAna saMskRta vAGamaya 281 hai| mahAbhArata zAnti parva 342 / 104 se vyakta hai ki AcArya gAlava ne gAlavIya zikSA grantha racA thaa|' pANini ne aSTAdhyAyI 8 / 4 / 67 meM gAlava kA nirdeza kiyA hai| prAcArya prApili kI zikSA samprati upalabdha hai| prApizali kA ullekha aSTAdhyAyI 6 / 1 / 62 meM milatA hai| pANinIya zikSAsUtroM meM bhI sAkSAt prApizali kA 5 nirdeza kiyA hai| isa kA eka sundara saMskaraNa hama ne prakAzita kiyA hai| pANini ne svayaM zikSAsUtra race the / unhIM ke AdhAra para zlokAkAtmaka pANinIyazikSA kI racanA huii| isa zlokAtmaka pANinIyazikSA kA adhika pracAra hone se mUla sUtragrantha lupta ho gyaa| isa lupta sUtragrantha ke uddhAra kA zreya svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ko hai| unhoMne 10 mahAn prayatna se isakA eka hastalekha prApta karake use hindIvyAkhyAsahita 'varNoccAraNazikSA ke nAma se prakAzita kiyaa| svAmI dayAnanda ko pANinIyazikSA kA jo hastalekha prApta huaA thA, vaha aneka sthAnoM para khaNDita thaa| aba isa zikSA kA dUsarA grantha bhI upalabdha ho gayA hai / usake dvArA yaha ArSa grantha aba pUrNa ho jAtA hai / 15 pANinIyazikSA ke laghupATha ke saptama prakaraNa meM kauzikazikSA ke kucha zloka uddhata haiN| una se spaSTa hai ki pANini ke samaya kauzikazikSA bhI vidyamAna thii| cArAyaNI zikSA kA ullekha hama isI grantha meM pUrva pRSTha 115 para kara cuke haiN| gautamazikSA nAma se eka grantha kAzI se prakAzita 'zikSAsaMgraha' meM chapA hai / yaha racanAzailI 20 se prAcIna ArSa grantha pratIta hotA hai| isI zikSAsaMgraha meM nAradI aura mANDUkI zikSAeM bhI chapI haiM / ve bhI prAcIna ArSa grantha haiN| inake atirikta jitanI zikSAeM zikSAsaMgraha meM mudrita haiM, ve saba arvAcIna haiN| bhAradvAjazikSA ke nAma se eka zikSA chapI hai| grantha ke * 1. kramaM praNIya zikSAM ca praNayitvA sa gAlavaH / 2. nodAttasvaritodayamagArgyakAzyapagAlavAnAm / 3. vA supyaapishleH| 4. sa evamApizaleH paJcadazabhedakhyA varNadharmA bhavanti / vRddhapATha 8 // 25 // 5. isa sUtrAtmaka zikSA ke bhI do pATha haiM / eka laghu pATha dUsarA vRddha pATha / svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI dvArA prakAzina pATha laghu pATha hai / aura dUsarA upalabdha huA pATha vRddha pATha hai / hama ne 'zikSA-sUtrANi' meM donoM pAThoM 30 kA sampAdana karake vistRta bhUmikA samita prakAzana kiyA hai|

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282 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa antyalekhAnusAra isa kA racayitA bharadvAja hai|' isa kA saMbandha taittirIya zAkhA ke sAtha hai| hameM isa ke prAcIna hone meM saMndeha hai| kohalI zikSA bhI chapa cukA hai| kohala prAcIna prAcArya hai| yAjJavalkyazikSA yadi yAjJavalkya muni prokta ho to vaha bhI pANini se prAcIna hogii| vyAsa zikSA bhI saM0 1976 meM prakAzita huI hai| isa vi canA se spaSTa hai ki nyUna se nyUna zaunakIyA, gAlavIyA, cArAyaNI, ApizalI, kauzikIyA, kohalI, yAjJavalkIyA aura pANinIyA ye ATha zikSAeM to pANini ke samaya avazya vidyamAna thIM / zikSA ke vyAkhyAna grantha-zikSA pada gaNapATha 4 / 3 73 meM par3hA 1. hai| vahAM 'tasya vyAkhyAnaH' kA prakaraNa hone se spaSTa hai ki pANini ke samaya zikSA para vyAkhyAna grantha bhI race jA cuke the| prApizalazikSA ke vRttikAra nAmaka SaSTha prakaraNa kA prathama sUtra hai-sa evaM vyAkhyAne vRttikArAH paThanti-aSTAdazaprabhedamavarNakulam iti / yahAM vRtti kAra pada se yA to vyAkaraNa ke vyAkhyAkAroM kA nirdeza hai yA zikSA 15 ke| hamArA vicAra hai-yahAM vRttikAra pada se zikSA ke vyAkhyAkAra abhipreta haiN| aisA hI eka prayoga bhartRhariviracita vAkyapadIya brahmakANDa kI svopajJaTIkA meM milatA hai-bahadhA zikSAsUtrakArabhASyakAramatAni dRzyante / ' isa para TIkAkAra vRSabhadeva likhatA hai zikSAkAramatasyoktatvAt zikSANAmeva ye bhASyakArAste gRhyante / ' 20 pANinIya zikSA-sUtroM ke SaSTha prakaraNa kA nAma bhI vatikAra hI hai| ina uddharaNoM se vyakta hai ki pANini ke samaya zikSAgrantha para aneka vRttiyAM bana cukI thiiN| 8. vyAkaraNa-aSTAdhyAyI ke avalokana se vidita hotA hai ki pANini ke kAla meM vyAkaraNazAstra kA vAGamaya atyanta vizAla 25 thaa| pANini ne apane zabdAnuzAsana meM daza prAcIna vaiyAkaraNoM kA nAmollekhapUrvaka smaraNa kiyA hai| ve daza AcArya ye haiM-prApizali (6 / 1 / 92), kAzyapa (1 / 2 / 21), gArgya (8 / 3 / 20), gAlava (7 / 1 / 74), cAkravarmaNa (6 / 1 / 130), bhAradvAja (72 / 63), zAkaTAyana (3 / 4 / 111), zAkalya (1 / 1 / 16), senaka (5 / 4 / 112), 30 1. yo jAnAti bhrdvaajshikssaam| pRSTha 66 / 2. pRSTha 104, lAhaura saMska0 / 3. vahI, pRSTha 105 /

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AcArya pANini ke samaya vidyamAna saMskRta vAGamaya 283 sphoTAyana (6 / 1 / 123) / ina kA varNana hama isa grantha ke cauthe adhyAya meM kara cuke haiM / ina ke atirikta 'prAcAryANAm (73 / 46), udIcAm (4 / 1 / 153), aikeSAm (8 / 3 / 104), prAcAm (4 / 1 / 17) padoM dvArA aneka prAcIna vaiyAkaraNoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai / kAtyAyana ne 'cayo dvitIyA zari pauSkarasAdeH' vArtika meM pauSkarasAdi prAcArya 5 kA mata uddhRta kiyA hai| pauSkarasAdi ke pitA puSkarasat kA ullekha gaNapATha 2 / 4 / 63; 41161; 7 / 3 / 20 meM tIna sthAnoM para milatA hai| pauSkarasAdi pada bhI taulvalyAdigaNa meM par3hA hai / 'na taulvalibhyaH sUtra se yuva pratyaya ke lopa kA niSedha kiyA hai| isase vyakta hai ki pANini pauSkarasAdi ke putra pauSkarasAdAyana se bhI paricita thaa| 10 ataH pauSkarasAdi prAcArya pANini se nizcaya hI pUrvavartI hai / vRttikAra jayAditya ne 4 / 3 / 115 meM kAzakRtsna vyAkaraNa kA ullekha kiyA hai| pataJjali ne 'kAzakRtsnI mImAMsA' kA nirdeza mahAbhASya meM kaI sthAnoM para kiyA hai| kAzakRtsna ke pitA kazakRtsna kA nAma upakAdigaNa tathA kAzakRtsna kA nAma arIhaNAdigaNa' meM 15 milatA hai| kAzikAkAra ne 4 / 2 / 65 meM kAzakRtsna vyAkaraNa kA parimANa tIna adhyAya likhA hai| yahI parimANa jaina zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa kI amodhA vatti meM darzAyA hai| kAzikA 4 / 2 / 65 meM daza adhyAyAtnaka vaiyAghrapadIya vyAkaraNa kA ullekha hai| inake atirikta 'ziva, bRhaspati, indra, vAyu, bharadvAja, cArAyaNa, 20 zantana, mAdhyandini, rauDhi, zaunaki, gautama aura vyADi ke vyAkaraNa pANini se prAcIna haiN| ina saba vaiyAkaraNoM ke viSaya meM hamane isa grantha ke tRtIya adhyAya meM vistAra se likhA hai| prAtizAkhya-prAtizAkhya vaidika caraNoM ke vyAkaraNa grantha haiN| 1. mahAbhASya 8 / 4 / 48 // 2. aSTA0 2 / 4 / 61 // 3. kAzakRtsnaM gurulAghavam / ra 4. mahAbhASya 4 / 1 / 14, 63 // 4 // 3 // 15 // 5. aSTA0 2 / 4 / 66 // pR0 121, Ti0 3 dr0| 6. aSTA0 4 / 2 / 65 // 7. trikA: kAzakRtsnAH / kAzikA 5 // 1158 meM trikaM kAzakRtsnam / 8. trikaM kAzakRtsnIyam / 3 / 2 / 162 / / 'kAzakRtsna vyAkaraNa aura usa . 10 ke upalabdha sUtra' nibandha dekheM / 9. vyAkaraNapradhAnatvAt prAtizAkhyasya / ta0 prA0 vaidikAbharaNa TIkA, pRSTha 525 /

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284 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa inheM pArSada aura pAriSada bhI kahA jAtA hai| prAcIna kAla meM inakI saMkhyA bahuta thii| isa samaya ye prAtizAkhya upalabdha hote haiM-zaunakakRta RkprAtizAkhya kAtyAyanaviracita zuklayajuHprAtizAkhya, kRSNa yajuH ke taittirIya aura maitrAyaNoyaprAtizAkhya, sAmaveda kA puSpasUtra, 5 aura zaunakaprokta atharva prAtizAkhya / maitrAyaNIya prAtizAkhya isa samaya hastalikhita rUpa meM hI prApta hotA hai| inake atirikta Rgveda kA AzvalAyana, zAMkhAyana aura bASkala prAtizAkhya tathA kRSNayajuH kA cArAyaNIya prAtizAkhya prAcIna granthoM meM uddhRta haiN| ina meM se kauna sA prAtizAkhya pANini se prAcIna hai aura kaunasA arvAcIna, yaha kahanA kaThina hai / parantu zaunakIya zAMkhAyana aura bASkalIya RkprAtizAkhya nizcaya hI pANini. se pauvakAlika hai| pANinoya gaNapATha 4 / 3 / 73 meM eka pada 'chandobhASA' par3hA hai| viSNa mitra ne RkprAtizAkhya kI vargadvaya-vRtti meM chandobhASA kA artha vaidikabhASA kiyA hai| 15 . nirukta-durgAcArya (vikrama 600 se pUrva) ne apanI nirukta vRtti meM likhA hai-'niruktaM caturdazaprabhedam", arthAt nirukta 14 prakAra kA hai / yAska ne apane nirukta meM 12, 13 prAcIna narukta AcAryoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| pANini ne kiso vizeSa nirukta vA narukta AcArya kA ullekha nahIM kiyA / gaNapATha 4 / 2 / 60 meM 20 kevala 'nirukta' pada kA nirdeza milatA hai| yAskaH, yAsko, yaskAH' padoM kI siddhi ke liye pANini ne 'yaskAdibhyo gotre" sUtra ko racanA kI hai| yAskIya nirukta meM uddhRta nairuktAcAryoM ke aneka nAma pANinIya gaNapATha meM milate haiM / yAskIya nirukta meM nirdiSTa 1. padaprakRtIni sarvacaraNAnAM pArSadAni / nirukta 1 / 17 / / sarvavedapAriSadaM 25 hIdaM zAstram / mahA0 6 // 3 // 14 // 2. ina prAtizAkhyoM tathA etat sadRza RktantrAdi anya vaidika vyAkaraNagranthoM ke pravaktAmoM aura vyAkhyAtAoM kA itihAsa isI grantha ke dvitIya bhAga, a0 28 meM dekhie| 3. chandobhASA pada ke vividha arthoM ke lie dekhie hamArA 'vaidika30 chandomImAMsA' grantha, pRSTha 38-45 (dvi0 sN0)| 4. pRSTha 74, AnandAzrama pUnA sNsk0| 5. aSTA0 2 / 4 / 63 //

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AcArya pANini ke samaya vidyamAna saMskRta vAGamaya 285 gArgya, gAlava aura zAkaTAyana ke vyAkaraNa-saMbandhI niyama pANini ne nAmollekhapUrvaka uddhRta kiye haiN| pataJjali ke kAla meM nirukta vyAkhyAtavya grantha mAnA jAtA thaa| mahAbhASya meM likhA hai-niruktaM vyAkhyAyate, vyAkaraNaM vyAkhyAyate ityucyate / yAska aura usase prAcIna naruktAcAryoM ke viSaya meM zrI paM0 bhagavaddattajI viracita 5 'vaidika vAGamaya kA itihAsa' kA 'vedoM ke bhASyakAra' zIrSaka bhAga 2 dekhanA caahiye| 10. chandaHzAstra-pANini ne kisI vizeSa chandaHzAstra kA nAmollekha apane vyAkaraNa meM nahIM kiyA, parantu gaNapATha 4 / 3 / 73 meM chandaHzAstra ke chandoviciti, chandomAna, chandobhASA' ye tIna' 10 paryAya par3he haiN| inameM prathama do pada chandaHzAstra ke liye hI prayukta hote haiM / chandobhASA pada kinhIM ke mata meM vaidika bhASA kA vAcaka hai, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiN| parantu tasya vyAkhyAna: kA prakaraNa hone se chandobhASA bhI granthavizeSa kA hI vAcaka hai, yaha nicita hai| mahAbhASya 112 / 32 meM chandaHzAstra pada prAtizAkhya ke liye prayukta huaa| 15 gaNapATha 4 / 3 / 73 meM nirdiSTa nAmoM se vividha prakAra ke chandaHzAstroM aura unake vyAkhyAnagranthoM ('tasya vyAkhyAna:' kA prakaraNa hone se) kA sadbhAva vispaSTa hai| aSTAdhyAyI ke 'chandonAmni 5 sUtra se chandovAcaka 'viSTAra' zabda kI siddhi darzAI hai| yaha vaidika chanda hai| chando ke vividha prakAra ke 'pragAtha' saMjJaka samUhoM ke vAcaka 20 padoM kI prasiddhi ke lie pANini ne 'so'syAdiriti cchandasaH pragAtheSu, sUtra racA hai| prasiddha chandaHzAstrakAra piGgala pANini kA anuja thA, yaha hama pANini ke prakaraNa meM likha cuke haiN| piGgala ne apane chandaHzAstra meM krauSTuki (3 / 29), yAska (3 / 30), tANDI (3.36), satava (5 / 187 / 10), kAzyapa (76), rAta (7.13), 25 mANDavya (7 // 34) nAmaka sAta chandaHsUtrakAroM ke mata uddhRta kie - -- 1. 4 / 3 / 36 // 2. kinhIM hastalekhoM meM 'chandovijinI' nAma bhI milatA hai / tadanusAra cAra paryAya hoNge| 3. pUrva pRSTha 284 / 4. vyAkaraNanAmeyamuttarA vidyaa| so'sI chandaHzAstreSvabhivinIta upaladhyAdhigantumutsahate / nAgeza-chandaHzAstreSu prAtizAkhya shikssaadissu| 5. aSTA0 3 // 3 // 34 // 6. aSTA0 4 / 2 / 55 // 7. pUrva pRSTha 198 / 30

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286 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa haiN| rAta ra mANDavya ke mata bhaTTa utpala ne bRhatsaMhitA kI vivRtti (pRSTha 1248) meM bhI diye haiM / saitava kA mata vRttaratnAkara ke dUsare adhyAya meM bhI uddhRta hai / isa prakAra pANini ke kAla meM 7 prAcIna aura 1 piGgala kRta: = 8 chandaH zAstra avazya vidyamAna the / vaidika5 chandomImAsA ke caturtha adhyAya ke anta meM hama ne 30 chandaHzAstra - pravaktA AcAyoM kA ullekha kiyA hai ( pRSTha 62-64 dvi0 saM0) / ' 11. jyotiSa -- pANini ne ukthAdigaNa meM eka gaNasUtra par3hA hai - dvipadI jyotiSa / isa meM se kisI jyotizzAstrasaMbandhinI 'dvipado' do pAdabAlI' pustaka kA ullekha hai / jyotizzAstra se 10 saMbandha rakhane vAle 'utpAta, saMvatsara, mUhUrta' saMbandhI granthoM kA nirdeza gaNapATha 4 | 3 | 72 meM milatA hai / naimittika mauhUrtika rUpadhArI guptacaroM kA varNana kauTilya arthazAstra meM milatA / nakSatroM kA varNana pANini ne tIna prakaraNoM (4/2/3 - 5,11,22, 413/34-37 ) meM kiyA hai| ina prakaraNoM se vispaSTa hai ki pANini ke kAla meM jyoti 15 zzAstra kI unnati parAkASTha para thI / 1 12. sUtragrantha - pANini ke samaya aneka viSayoM ke sUtra vidyamAna the / zikSA, kalpa, vyAkaraNa, chanda Adi aneka viSayoM ke sUtragranthoM kA varNana hama pUrva kara cuke haiM / una se atirikta jina sUtragranthoM kA nirdeza pANinIya zabdAnuzAsana meM milatA, ve isa prakAra haiM - 20 bhikSusUtra - pANini ne aSTAdhyAyo 4 | 3 | 110, 111 meM pArAzarya aura karmandaprokta bhikSusUtroM kA sAkSAt ullekha kiyA hai| pArAzarI bhikSu brAhmaNoM ke pArasparika virodha kA ullekha harSacarita ucchvAsa 8 meM milatA hai / bhikSusUtra se yahAM kisa prakAra ke granthoM kA grahaNa abhiprata hai, yaha prajJAta hai / kaI vidvAn bhikSasUtra kA artha 25 vedAntaviSayaka sUtra karate haiM, anya ise sAMkhyazAstra ke prAcIna sUtra mAnate haiM / sAMkhyAcArya paJcazikha prAdi ke lie bhikSu pada kA vyava - hAra dekhA jAtA hai / hamArA vicAra ki yahAM bhikSusUtra se una granthoM 1. ina ke paricaya ke lie hamArA 'chanda: zAstra kA itihAsa' grantha dekhanA cAhie / yaha abhI prakAzita nahIM huA / ".. 3 2. aSTA0 4 / 2 60 / / . naimittika mauhUrtikavyaJjanA // 1 // 13 // 4. pArAzayaM zilAlibhyAM bhikSunaTasUtrayoH karmandakRzAzvAdiniH /

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AcArya pANini ke samaya vidyamAna saMskRta vAGmaya 287 kA grahaNa honA cAhie, jina meM bhikSutroM ke rahana-sahana vyavahAra Adi niyamoM kA vidhAna ho / sambhava hai inhIM prAcIna bhikSusUtroM ke AdhAra para bauddha bhikSayoM ke niyama bane hoN| bhikSayoM kI jIvikA kA sAdhana 'bhikSA' para likhe gaye grantha kA saMketa aSTAdhyAyI 4 / 3 / 73 ke RgayanAdi gaNa meM milatA hai|' naTasUtra-aSTAdhyAyI 4 / 3 / 110, 111 meM zilAlI aura kRzAzva prokta naTa sUtra kA nirdeza upalabdha hotA hai / ' kAzikA ke anusAra naTasambandhI kisI prAmnAya kA ullekha aSTAdhyAyI 4 / 3 / 126 meM lilatA hai| amarakoza 2 / 10 / 12 meM naToM ke zailA lina, zailUSa, jAyAjIva, kRzAzvina aura bharata paryAya likhe haiN| zailUSa pada yajuH 10 saMhitA 30 / 6 meM bhI milatA hai / sambhavataH ye naTasUtra bharatanATyazAstra jaise nATyazAstraviSayaka grantha rahe hoNge| 13. itihAsa purANa-pANini ke proktAdhikAra ke prakaraNa meM ina kA nirdeza nahIM kiyaa| cAndra vyAkaraNa 3 / 1 / 71 kI vatti aura bhojadevaviracita sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa 4 / 3 / 226 kI hRdaya- 15 hAriNo TIkA meM 'kalpe' kA pratyudAharaNa kAzyapIyA purANasaMhitA' diyA hai| pANini dvArA nirdiSTa kAzyapaprokta kalpa, vyAkaraNa aura chandaHzAstra kA nirdeza hama pUrva kara cuke haiM / hatihAsAntargata mahAbhArata kA sAkSAt ullekha pANini ne aSTAdhyAyI 6 / 2 / 38 meM kiyA hai| isa se spaSTa hai ki pANini se pUrva 20 vyAsa kI bhArata saMhitA mahAbhArata kA rUpa dhAraNa kara cukI thii| ___ mahAbhArata se jJAta hotA hai ki usa samaya itihAsa purANa ke aneka grantha vidyamAna the / samprati upalabhyamAna purANa to aAdhunika haiM. parantu ina kI prAcIna aitihyasambandhI sAmagrI avazya prAcIna purANoM aura itihAsagranthoM se saMkalita kI gaI hai| pANini ke 'kRta' 25 prakaraNa se kucha prAcIna itihAsagranthoM kA jJAna hotA hai / una kA ullekha hama agale prakaraNa meM kreNge| 14. Ayurveda-pANini ne Ayurveda ke kisI grantha kA sAkSAt 1. kAzikA meM isI gaNa ke pAThAntara meM 'bhikSA' zabda kA ullekha milatA hai| 2. pUrva pRSTha 286 kI Ti0 4 / 30 3. mahAn brIhyaparAgRSTIzvAsajAbAlabhArabhAratahailihilarauravapravRddheSu /

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288 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa nirdeza nahIM kiyA, parantu gaNapATha 4 / 2 / 60 tathA 4 / 4 / 102 meM Ayurveda pada par3hA hai / Ayurveda ke kaumArabhRtya tantra ko ekamAtra upalabdha kAzyapasaMhitA ke pravaktA bhagavAn kAzyapa ke kalpasUtra kA ullekha pANini ne aSTAdhyAyI 4 / 3 / 103 meM kiyA hai, aura vyAkaraNa kA aSTAdhyAyI 1 / 2 / 25 meM / zalyatantra kI suzruta saMhitA pANini se prAcIna hai ! kAzikA 6 / 2 / 69 ke 'bhAryAsozrataH' udAharaNa meM suzrutApatyoM kA ullekha hai / caraka kI mUla agniveza saMhitA ke pravaktA agniveza kA nAma gargAdigaNa meM par3hA hai| rasatantra praNetA prAcArya vyADi svayaM pANini kA sambandhI hai / aneka vidvAn ise pANini ke mAmA kA putra=mamerA bhAI mAnate haiM / parantu hamArA vicAra hai ki yaha pANini kA mAmA thA / yaha hama pUrva vistAra se likha cuke haiN| 15-16. padapATha-kramapATha-pANini ne ukthAdigaNa meM tIna pada eka sAtha par3he haiM--'saMhitA, pada, krama / isa sAhacarya se vidita hotA hai 15 ki yahAM paThita 'pada' pAra 'krama' zabda nizcaya hI veda ke padapATha aura kramapATha ke vAcaka haiM / pANini ne pratyayAntara ke vidhAna ke liye krama aura pada kA nirdeza kramAdigaNa meM bhI punaH kiyA hai| padapATha se sambaddha avagraha kA sAkSAt nirdeza pANini ne chandasya'davagrahAt sUtra se kiyA hai / Udanordaze sUtra meM dIrgha UkArAdeza kA vidhAna bhI avagraha ko 20 daSTi se kiyA hai, aisA bhASyakAra kA kathana hai| Rgveda ke zAkalya prokta padapATha ke kucha vizeSa niyamoM kA nirdeza pANini ne 'sambuddhI zAkalyasyetAvanArSe, una u~' sUtroM meM kiyA hai / zAkalpa ke padapATha kI eka bhUla yAska ne apane nirukta meM darzAI hai|" pataJjali ne 1. pUrva pRSTha 160 / 2. aSTA 4 / 1 / 105 // 4. dekho saMgrahakAra vyADi nAmaka agalA adhyaay| 4. pUrva pRSTha 166 / 5. aSTA0 4 / 2 / 60 // 6. aSTA0 4 / 2 / 61 // 7. aSTA0 8 / 4 / 26 // 8. aSTA0 6 // 3 // 6 // 6. na udanordeza ityevocyeta ? ...vagrahe doSaH syAt / 10. aSTA0 1 / 1 / 16-18 // 11. vAyaH-vA iti ca ya iti ca cakAra zAkalyaH, udAttaM vevamAkhyAtama bhvissydsusmaaptshcaarthH| 6 / 28 // 30

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37 prAcArya pANini ke samaya vidyamAna saMskRta vAGmaya 286 mahAbhASya 1 / 4 / 84 meM zAkalyakRta [pada] saMhitA kA nirdeza kiyA ___ mahAbhArata zAntiparva 342 / 103, 104 se jJAta hotA hai ki prAcArya gAlava ne veda kI kisI saMhitA kA sarvaprathama kramapATha racA thaa| RkprAtizAkhya 11 / 65 meM ise bAbhravya pAJcAla ke nAma se 5 smaraNa kiyA hai| vAtsyAyana kAmasUtra 111 / 10 meM ise kAmazAstrapraNetA kahA hai| gAlavaprokta zikSA, vyAkaraNa, aura nirukta kA nirdeza hama pUrva kara cuke haiM / sambhava hai sabhI saMhitAoM ke padapATha evaM kramapATha pANini se prAcIna rahe hoN| 17-20. vAstuvidyA, aGgavidyA, kSatravidyA [nakSatravidyA], 1. utpAda (utpAta), nimitta vidyAoM ke vyAkhyAnagranthoM kA jJAna gaNapATha 4 / 3 / 73 se hotA hai| vAstuvidhA- isa ke antargata prAsAda-bhavana tathA nagara Adi nirmANa ke nirdezaka granthoM kA antarbhAva hotA hai| matsyapurANa a0 251 meM aThAraha vAstuzAstropadezakoM kA varNana milatA hai| ye sabhI 15 pANini se pUrvavartI haiN| ___ aGgavidyA- ise sAmudrikazAstra bhI kahate haiM / zatapatha 8 / 5 / 4 / 3 meM puNyalakSmIka kA nirdeza milatA hai / lakSaNe jAyApatyoSTaka (3 / 2 / 52) pANinIya sUtra ke mahAbhASya meM jAyAghna tilakAlaka aura patighnI pANirekhA kA nirdeza hai / kauTilya arthazAstra 111,12 20 meM aGgavidyA meM nipuNa gUDha puruSoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| manu 6 / 50 meM aGgavidyA se jIvikArjana kA niSedha kiyA hai| ___ kSatravidyA [nakSatravidyA] -gaNapATha 4 / 3 / 73 meM kSatravidyA pATha hai| chAndogya upaniSad 77 meM bhUtavidyA ke sAtha kSatravidyA kA bho 25 1. zAkalyena sukRtAM saMhitAmanunizamya deva: prAvarSat / 2. pUrva pRSTha 166, Ti0 2 / 3. pUrva pRSTha 167, tti05|| 4. pUrva pRSTha 168 Ti0 3 / 5. pUrva pRSTha 167 / 6. pUrva pRSTha 167 / 7. pUrva pRSTha 168 / 8. tasya nimittaM saMyogotpAtI / aSTA0 5 / 1138 // 6. dra0-Age udhriyamANa manuvacana /

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20 10 isa zloka se pratIta hotA hai ki gaNapATha meM kSatravidyA ke sthAna meM nakSatravidyA pATha upayukta hogA / parantu chAndogya upaniSad 717 meM kSatravidyA ke sAtha-sAtha nakSatravidyA kA bhI nirdeza hai / sambhava hai gaNapATha meM 'kSatravidyA' nakSatravidyA' donoM pATha rahe hoM, aura samatA ke kAraNa lipikara doSa se 'nakSatravidyA' pATha naSTa ho gayA ho / 21 - 25. sarpavidyA, vAyasa vidyA, dharmavidyA, golakSaNa, zrazvalakSaNa- mahAbhASya 4 2 60 meM sapavidyA, vAyasa vidyA, dharmavidyA, golakSaNa aura azvalakSaNa ke adhyetA aura vettAnoM kA ullekha hai | ataH usa samaya ina vidyAoM ke grantha avazya vidyamAna rahe hoge / 15 vAyasa vidyA kA abhiprAya pakSi-zAstra hai / ise bayovidyA bhI kahA jAtA hai / 25 260 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ullekha hai | manusmRti 6 / 50 ke pUrvArdha meM isI gaNapATha meM paThita anya zabdoM ke sAtha nakSatravidyA kA ullekha milatA hai | manu kA vacana isa prakAra hai 30 na cotpAtanimittAbhyAM na nakSatrAGgavidyayA / nAnuzAsanavAdAbhyAM bhikSAM lipset karhicit // ' chAndogya upaniSad 719 meM pitrya, rAzi, deva, vidhi, vAkovAkya, ekAyana, deva, brahma, bhUta, kSatra, nakSatra, sarpadevajana Adi vidyAnoM kA bhI nirdeza milatA hai | 3. upajJAta 'upajJAta' vaha kahatA hai, jo granthakAra kI apanI sUjha ho / kAzikA Adi vRttigranthoM meM 'upajJAte" ke nimna udAharaNa diye haiMpANinIyamakAlakaM vyAkaraNaN / kAzakRtsnaM gurulAghavam / zrApizalaM puSkaraNam / pajJaM kAzikA 6 / 2 / 14 meM - 'prApizalyupajJaM gurulAghavam, vyADya pa duSkaraNam' udAharaNa diye haiM / sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa (4 / 3 / 255, 254 ) kI hRdayahAriNI vRtti meM-- ' cAndramasaMjJakaM vyAkaraNam, kAzakRtsnaM gurulAghavam, prApizalamAntaHkaraNam' pATha milatA hai / 1. vAsiSTha dharmasUtra 10 / 21 bhI dekheM 1 2. aSTA0 4|4|115 //

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prAcArya pANini ke samaya vidyamAna saMskRta vAGamaya 291 ina udAharaNoM meM pANini, kAzakRtsna, Apizali, vyADi aura candragomI ke vyAkaraNoM kA ullekha hai| candropajJa vyAkaraNa pANini se arvAcIna hai / uparyukta udAharaNoM kI pArasparika tulanA se vyakta hai ki ina kA pATha prazaddha hai| pANini ke viSaya meM saba kA mata eka jaisA haiM / isa se spaSTa hai ki pANini ne saba se pUrva svamati ke kAla- 5 paribhASArahita vyAkaraNa racA thaa|' ina vyAkaraNoM meM akAlakatva Adi aMza hI pANini Adi ke svopajJa aMza haiN| ina vyAkaraNoM ke atirikta aura bhI bahuta se upajJAta grantha pANini ke kAla meM vidyamAna rahe hoge| 4. kRta kRta granthoM kA ullekha pANini ne do sthAnoM para kiyA hai'adhikRtya kRte granthe' aura 'kRte granthe / prathama sUtra ke udAharaNa kAzikAkAra ne 'saubhadraH, gaurimitraH, yAyAtaH' diye haiN| ina kA artha hai-subhadrA gaurimitra aura yayAti ke viSaya meM likhe gae grantha / mahAbhASyakAra ne 'yavakrIta, priyaGa gu' aura 'yayAti' ke viSaya meM 15 likhe gae 'yAvakrIta preyaGgava yAyAtika pAkhyAnagranthoM kA ullekha kiyA hai / pANini ne 'zizukrandayamasabhadvandvendrajananAdibhyazchaH5 meM zizukranda =baccoM kA ronA, yamasabhA, dvandvamAsa=agnikAzyapa, zyenakapota aura indrajanana =indra kI utpatti, tathA Adi zabda se pradyumnAgamana Adi viSayoM ke granthoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai / vArtika- 20 kAra ne 'lubAkhyAyikAbhyo bahalam' aura 'devAsurAdibhyaH pratiSedhaH'6 vArtikoM se aneka kRta granthoM kI ora saMketa kiyA hai / pataJjali ne 1. vizeSa vicAra pRSTha 242-243 para kiyA hai|| 2. aSTA0 4 / 3 / 87 // 3. aSTA0 4 / 3 / 116 // 4. yAvakrIta aura yAyAta prAkhyAna mahAbhArata meM bhI hai| 5. aSTA0 4 / 3 / 88 // 6. sarvatra 'zizUnAM krandanam' bahuvacana se nirdeza hone se vidita hotA hai ki yaha bAlakoM ke rogajanita vividha prakAra ke rodana ko lakSa meM rakhakara likhA gayA 'zizakrandIya' grantha kA nirdezaka hai / 7. zyenakapotIya AkhyAna mahAbhArata vanaparva a0 131 meM draSTavya / 8. mahAbhASya 4 / 3 / 87 // 6. mahAbhASya 4 / 3 / 18 //

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262 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa prathama vArtika ke udAharaNa 'vAsavadattA, sumanottarA" aura pratyudAharaNa 'bhaimarathI' tathA dvitIya vArtika ke udAharaNa 'daivAsuram, rAkSosuram' diye haiN| zloka-kAvya-mahAbhASya 4 / 2 / 66 meM tittiriprokta zlokoM kA ullekha milatA hai-tittiriNA proktAH zlokA iti / tittiri vaizampAyana kA kaniSTha bhrAtA ora usakA ziSya thaa| vaizampAyana kA dUsarA nAma caraka thaa| usakA caraka nAma usake kuSThI (=carakI) ho jAne ke kAraNa prasiddha huaA thaa| isI caraka dvArA prAkta cAraka zlokoM kA nirdeza kAzikAvRtti 4 / 3 / 107 tathA abhinava zAkaTAyana 1. vyAkaraNa kI cintAmaNivRtti 3 / 1 / 171 meM milatA hai / sAyaNa ne mAdhavIyA dhAtuvRtti meM ukhaprokta praukhIya zlokoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| pANini ne aSTAdhyAyI 4 / 3 / 102 meM tittiri aura ukha kA sAkSAt nirdeza kiyA hai| caraka kA ullekha aSTAdhyAyI 4 / 3 / 107 meM milatA hai| kAzikA 2 / 4 / 21 meM vAlmIki dvArA nirmita 15 zlokoM kA nirdeza milatA hai| sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa 4 / 3 / 227 kI hRdayahAriNI TIkA meM pippalAdaprokta zlokoM kA ullekha hai / kAzikAkAra ne 'kRte granthe" satra ke udAharaNa 'vArarucAH zlokAH, haikupAdo granthaH, bhaikurATo granthaH, jAlUkaH' diye haiM / ina meM kaunasA grantha pANini se prAcIna hai, yaha ajJAta hai / vararucikRta zloka nizcaya hI pANini se arvAcIna haiM / yaha vararuci vAtikakAra kAtyAyana hai / pataJjAla ne mahAbhASya 4 / 3 / 101 meM 'vAraruca kAvya' kA nirdeza kiyA hai / jaina zAkaTAyana kI amoghA aura cintAmaNi vRti 3 / 1 // 186 meM 'vArarucAni vAkyAni' pATha milatA hai, yaha pATha prazaddha hai| yahAM zaddha pATha 'vArarucAni kAvyAni' honA cAhie / jalhaNa kI 25 sUktimuktAvalI meM rAjazekhara kA nimna zloka uddhRta hai 1. sumanottara kI kahAnI bauddha vAGmaya meM bhI prasiddha hai| 2. paM0 bhagavaddatajI vicirata 'vaidika vAGmaya kA itihAsa' bhAga 1, pRSTha 281, dvi0 sN0| 3. hamArA 'duSkRtAya carakAcAryam mantra para vicAra' nAmaka nibandha / vaidika-siddhanta-mImAMsA, pRSTha 176-192 / 5. tittirivaratantukhaNDikokhAcchaN / 4. kAzI saMska0 pRSTha 56 / 6. kaThacarakAlluk / 7. aSTA0 4 / 3 / 11.6 / 30

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AcArya pANini ke samaya vidyamAna saMskRta vAGmaya 293 yathArthatAM kathaM nAmni mAbhUd vararuceriha / vyadhatta kaNThAbharaNaM ya: sadAroharaNapriyaH // kRSNacarita kI prastAvanAntagata munikavivarNana meM likhA yaH svargArohaNaM kRtvA svargamAnItavAn bhuvi / kAvyena rucireNaiva khyAto vararuciH kaviH // isa zloka se pratIta hotA hai ki pUrvoddhRta rAjazekharIya zloka ke caturtha caraNa kA pATha azuddha hai / vahAM 'sadAroharaNapriyaH' ke sthAna meM 'svargArohaNapriyaH' pATha honA caahie|' mahAbhASya ke prathamAhnika meM pataJjali ne bhrAjasaMjJaka zlokoM kA ullekha kiyA hai, aura tadantargata nimna zloka vahAM par3hA hai- 10 yastu prayuDakte kuzalo vizeSe zabdAna yathAvada vyvhaarkaale| so'nantamApnoti jayaM paratra vAgyogavid duSyati cApazabdaiH / / kaiyaTa Adi TIkAkAroM ke matAnusAra bhrAjasaMjJaka zloka kAtyAyana viracita haiN| pAniNi ne svayaM 'jAmbavatIvijaya' nAmaka eka mahAkAvya racA 15 thaa| isakA dUsarA nAma 'pAtAlavijaya' hai / isa mahAkAvya meM nyUnAtinyUna 18 sarga the / pAzcAtya tathA tadanugAmI bhAratIya vidvAn jAmbavatIvijaya ko sUtrakAra pANini-viracita nahIM mAnate, parantu yaha Thoka nahIM / bhAratIya prAcIna paramparA ke anusAra yaha kAvya vyAkaraNapravaktA mahAmuni pANini viracita hI hai / isa kAvya ke viSaya meM 20 hamane vistAra se isI grantha ke 30 veM adhyAya meM likhA hai / ___ mahAbhArata jaise bRhatkAvya kA sAkSAt nirdeza pANini ne 6 / 2 / 38 meM kiyA hai, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiN|' * Rtugrantha-pANini ne 'vasantAdibhyaSThaka' meM vasanta Adi RtuoM para likhe gaye granthoM ke paThana-pAThana kA ullekha kiyA hai| 25 vasantAdi gaNa meM 'vasanta' varSA, hemanta, zarada, zizira' kA pATha hai| isa se spaSTa hai ki ina saba RtuoM para grantha likhe gae the| sambhava 1. vAraruca kAvya ke viSaya meM dekho bhAga 2 meM adhyAya 30 / 2. pUrva pRSTha 287, Ti0 3 / 3. aSTA0 4 / 2 / 63 //

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264 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa hai ki ye kAvyagrantha hoN| kAlidAsaviracita RtusaMhAra inhIM prAcIna granthoM ke anukaraNa para likhA gayA hogaa| anukramaNI-grantha-aSTAdhyAyI ke 'sAsya devatA' prakaraNa' se vidita hotA ki usa samaya vaidika mantroM ke devatAnirdazaka granthoM kA 5 racanA ho cukI thii| zaunaka-kRta Rgveda kI RSi devatA Adi kI 10 anukramaNiyAM nizcaya hI pANini se pUrvavartI haiM / zaunakIya bRhadevatA bhI devatAnukramaNI grantha hI hai| zaunaka ke ziSya AzvalAyana aura kAtyAyana ne bhI Rgveda kI sarvAnukramaNiyAM racI haiN| AzvalAyana sarvAnukramaNI isa samaya prApta nahIM hai, parantu atharvaveda ko bRhatsarvAnukramaNI meM vaha uddhRta hai / ' sAmaveda ko naigeyAnukramaNI bhI prakAzita ho cukI hai, parantu vaha prAcIna hai yA arvAcIna, isa kA abhI nirNaya nahIM huaa| yajurveda kI eka sarvAnukramaNI bhI kAtyAyana ke nAma se prasiddha hai, parantu yaha arvAcIna aprAmANika grantha hai|' ___ saMgraha-dAkSAyaNa kI prasiddha kRti 'saMgraha' grantha pANini kA 15 samakAlika hai| dAkSAyaNa kA hI dUsarA nAma vyADi hai / dAkSAyaNa pANini kA saMbandhI hai, yaha pataJjali ke 'dAkSiputrasya pANineH4 vacana se spaSTa hai / aitihAsaka vidvAn dAkSAyaNa ko pANini ke mAmA kA putra (mamerA-bhAI) mAnate haiM, parantu hamArA vicAra hai ki dAkSAyaNa pANini kA mAmA hai / yaha hama pANini ke prakaraNa meM likha cuke haiM / saMgraha nAma gaNapATha 4 / 2 / 60 meM upalabdha hotA hai / kaiyaTa Adi vaiyAkaraNoM ke matAnusAra saMgraha grantha kA parimANa eka lakSa zloka thaa| mahAvaiyAkaraNa bhartRhari ne apanI mahAbhASyadIpikA meM likhA hai ki saMgraha meM 14 sahasra padArthoM kI parIkSA hai| bhartRhari ke zabda isa prakAra haiM-'caturdazasahasrANi vastUni asmin saMgrahagranthe 25 (parIkSitAni) / . itihAsa, purANa, pAkhyAna, AkhyAyikA aura kathAgranthoM kA 1. aSTA0 4 / 2 / 24-35 // 2. RSidevatachandAMyAzvalAyanAnukramAnusAreNAnukramidhyAmaH / pRSTha 178 / 3. dekho hamArA 'vaidika chandomImAMsA' lekhaka kA nivedana', pRSTha 1.2 / 4. mahAbhASya 1 / 1 / 20 // 5. pUrva pRSTha 168 / 6. hamArA hastalekha pRSTha 26, pUnA saMska0 pRSTha 21 / . 20

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AcArya pANini ke samaya vidyamAna saMskRta vAGamaya " 265 aSTAdhyAyI meM sAkSAt ullekha nahIM milatA, parantu pUrvanirdiSTa 'zradhikRtya kRte granthe " sUtra tathA 'lubAkhyAyikAbhyo bahulam', 'devAsurAdibhyaH pratiSedhaH ", aura 'prAkhyAnAkhyAyiketihAsapurANebhyazca 4 vArtikoM meM ina viSayoM ke aneka granthoM ko ora saMketa vidyamAna haiM / kAzyapaprokta purANasaMhitA kA nirdeza hama pUrva kara cuke haiN|' 'kathA - 5 dibhyaSThak " sUtra meM kathAsaMbandhI granthoM kI ora saMketa hai / usake anusAra kathA meM catura vyakti ke lie 'kathika' zabda kA vyavahAra hotA hai / jaina kathAeM prAyaH inhIM prAcIna kathA -granthoM ke anukaraNa para racI gaI haiM / vyAkhyAna pANini kI aSTAdhyAyI 4 | 3 |66-73 meM 'tasya vyAkhyAna:' kA prakaraNa hai / ina prakaraNa meM aneka vyAkhyAnagranthoM kA nirdeza hai / hama kAzikAvRtti meM diye gae udAharaNa nIce uddhRta karate haiM 1 sUtra 4 / 3 / 66,67 - saupaH, taiGaH, SAtvaNatvikam, nAtAnanikam / sUtra 4 | 3 | 68 - prAgniSTomikaH, vAjapeyikaH rAjasUyikaH, 15 pAkayajJikaH, nAvayajJikaH, pAJcaudanikaH, dAzaudanikaH / sUtra 4 | 3 |70 - pauroDAzika:, puroDAzikaH / sUtra 4 / 3 / 72 - aiSTika, pAzukaH, cAturhomikaH pAJcahotRkaH, brAhmaNikaH, zrAcikaH (brAhmaNa aura RcAoM ke vyAkhyAna), prAthamikaH, zrAdhvarikaH, paurazcaraNikaH / sUtra 4 | 3 | 73 meM - RgayanAdi gaNa par3hA hai / usa meM nimna zabda haiM, jinase vyAkhyAna artha meM pratyaya hotA hai-- Rgayana, padavyAkhyAna, chandomAna, chandobhASA, chando viciti, nyAsa, punarukta, vyAkaraNa, nigama, vAstuvidyA, kSatravidya [ nakSatravidyA ], utpAta, utpAda, saMvatsara, muhUrta, nimitta, upaniSad, zikSA / isa gaNa se spaSTa hai ki pANini ke kAla meM ina viSayoM ke vyAkhyAna grantha avazya vidyamAna the / 10 1. zraSTA0 4 | 3 | 87 / 3. mahAbhASya 4 | 3 |88 || 5. pUrva pRSTha 160 / 20 25 2. mahAbhASya 4 | 3 |87 || 4. mahAbhASbha 4/2/60 // 6. bhraSTA0 4 / 4 / 102 / / 30

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266 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa hamane isa lekha meM pANinIya zabdAnuzAsana ke AdhAra para jitane granthoM ke nAma saGkalita kie haiM, ve usa usa viSaya ke udAharaNamAtra haiM / inake atirikta aneka aise grantha bhI usa samaya vidyamAna the, jina kA pANinIya zabdAnuzAsana meM sAkSAt ullekha nahIM hai / itane 5 se anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki pANini ke samaya meM saMskRta kA vAG maya kitanA vizAla thA / pro0 baladeva upAdhyAya kI bhUle pro0 baladeva AdhyAya ema0 e0, hindu vizvavidyAlaya kAzI, kA isI viSaya kA eka lekha 'premI abhinandana grantha' ke pRSTha 37210 376 taka chapA hai / usa meM aneka bhUleM haiM, jina meM se katipaya bhUloM kA digdarzana hama nIce karAte haiM 1. pRSTha 374 meM nikhA hai - 'pANini ne grantha artha meM upaniSad zabda kA vyavahAra nahIM kiyA / ' 15 upaniSad zabda granthavizeSa ke artha meM 'RgayanAdibhyazca" sUtra ke RgayanAdi gaNa meM par3hA hai| vahAM 'tasya vyAkhyAna:' kA prakaraNa hone se pANini ne na kevala upaniSad kA ullekha kiyA hai, apitu unake vyAkhyAna = TIkAgranthoM kA bhI nidaza kiyA hai / 2. pRSTha 375 meM likhA hai - 'pANini ke phuphere bhAI saMgrahakAra 20 vyADi ...... / ' mahAbhASya 1 / 1 / 20 meM pANini ko 'dAkSIputra' kahA hai, ataH dAkSAyaNa arthAt vyADi pANini ke mAmA kA putra ( mamerA bhAI ) ho sakatA hai, na ki phapherA / vastutaH dAkSAyaNa vyADi pANini kA mAmA thA, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiM / 25 30 3. pRSTha 376 meM sikhA hai - 'ina meM RkprAtizAkhya ke racayitA zAkalya kA nAma prati prasiddha hai / ' upalabdha RkprAtizAkhya kA racayitA zAkalya nahIM hai, apitu AcArya zaunaka hai / zAkalya prAtizAkhya kisI prAcIna grantha meM vANita bhI nahIM hai / 4. pRSTha 376 meM 'sunAga' ko zaunaga likhA hai / 1. aSTA0 4 / 3 / 73 //

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38 AcArya pANini ke samaya vidyamAna saMskRta vAGamaya 297 5. pRSTha 376 meM likhA hai-'pataJjali ne" kuNi kA ullekha kiyA hai|' mahAbhASya meM kuNi kA nAma kahIM nahIM miltaa| hAM; mahAbhASya 121175 ke 'eG prAcAM deze zaiSikeSu' vArtika para kaiyaTa ne likhA hai-'bhASyakArastu kuNidarzanamazizriyat' / arthAt bhASyakAra ne kuNi 5 ke mata kA prAzrayaNa kiyA hai| 6. pRSTha 376 meM likhA hai-'4|2|65 ke Upara kAzikA vRtti se vyAghrapada aura kAzakRtsna nAmaka vyAkaraNa ke prAcAryoM kA patA calatA hai|' . kAzikA 4 / 2065 meM 'udAharaNa hai-"dazakA vaiyaaghrpdiiyaaH|' 10 isa meM varNita vaiyAghrapadIya vyAkaraNa ke pravaktA kA nAma 'vaiyAghrapadya' thA, vyAghrapada nahIM / vyAghrapada se prokta artha meM taddhita pratyaya hokara vaiyAghrapadIya zabda upapanna nahIM hotA, vyAghrapadIya hogaa| pro0 baladeva upAdhyAya ke lekha kI kucha bhUleM hamane Upara darzAI haiM / isI prakAra kI aneka bhUleM lekha meM vidyamAna haiN| agale adhyAya meM hama saMgrahakAra vyADi kA varNana kreNge|

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sAtavAM adhyAya . saMgrahakAra vyADi (2900 vi0 pUrva) prAcArya vyADi apara nAma dAkSAyaNa ne saMgraha' nAma kA eka grantha racA thaa| vaha pANinIya vyAkaraNa para thA, aisI pANinIya vaiyAkaraNoM kI dhAraNA hai| mahArAja samudragupta ne bhI vyADi ko 'dAkSiputravacovyAkhyApaTuH' likhA hai| pataJjali ne mahAbhASya ke prArambha meM 'saMgraha' kA ullekha kiyA hai, aura mahAbhASya 2 / 3 / 66 meM 'saMgraha' ko dAkSAyaNa kI kRti kahA hai / saMgraha pada pANinIya gaNapATha 4 / 4 / 60 meM upalabdha hotA hai / saMgraha zabda kA eka artha haiM-saMkSipta vacana / 1. caraka meM paThanIya granthoM ke guNoM kA varNana karate hue sasaMgrahama vizeSaNa diyA hai / TIkAkAra isakA artha 'saMkSipta vacana' hI karate haiM / ataH gaNapATha meM paThita 'saMgraha' zabda se kyA abhipreta hai, yaha vicAraNIya hai| paricaya paryAya-puruSottamadeva ne trikANDa-zeSa meM vyADi ke vindhyasya, 15 nandinIsuta aura medhAvI tIna paryAya likhe haiN| vindhyastha-AcArya hemacandra isa kA pAThAntara vindhyavAsI', aura kezava vindhyanivAsI likhatA hai| artha tonoM kA eka hai eka 1. saMgraha kA lakSaNa-vistareNopadiSTAnAmarthAnAM sUtrabhASyoH / nibandho yaH samAsena saMgrahaM taM vidurbudhAH // bharatanATaya0 66 // 2. saMgraho vyADikRto lakSasaMkhyo granthaH / mahAbhASyapradIpodyota, nirNayasAgara saMska0 pRSTha 55 / tathA nIce isI pRSTha (268) kI tIsarI TippaNI / 3. saMgraho'pyasyaiva zAstrasyaikadeza: / mahAbhASyadIpikA bhartRharikRta, pUnA saM0 pRSTha 23 / iha purA pANinoye'smin vyAkaraNe vyADyuparacitaM lakSagrantha parimANaM saMgrahAbhidhAnaM nibandhamAsIt / puNyarAjakRta vAkyayapadIyaTIkA, kAzI 25 saMska0 pRSTha 383 / 4. kRSNacarita, nunikavivarNana, zloka 16 / 5. saMgraha etat prAdhAnyena parItritam / ..... saMgrahe tAvat kAryapratidvandvibhAvAnmanyAmahe ...... / a0 1, pAda 1, prA0 1 // 6. zobhanA khalu dAkSAyaNasya saMgrahasya kRtiH| 7. abhighAnacintAmaNi, martyakANDa 516, pRSTha 340 / 30 8. zabdakalpadruma, pRSTha 83 /

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saMgrahakAra vyADi 296 vindhyavAsI sAMkhyAcArya sAMkhyakArikA kI yuktidIpikA TIkA meM bahudhA uddhRta hai|' kisI vindhyavAsI ne basubandhu ke guru buddhamitra ko dAda meM parAjita kiyA thaa| vaha vindhyavAsI vikrama kA samakAlika thaa| nandinIsuta -isa nAma kA ullekha kozagranthoM se anyatra hameM nahIM 5 milaa| medhAvI-bhAmaha alaGkAra zAstra 2 / 40,88 meM kisI alaGkArazAstra-pravaktA 'medhAvI' ko uddhRta karatA hai / ___ ina paryAyoM meM vyADi ke prasiddhatama dAkSAyaNa nAma kA ullekha nahIM haiN| ataH pratIta hotA hai ki hema kezava aura puruSottamadeva ke 10 likhe hae paryAya prAcIna vyADi prAcArya ke nahIM haiN| vyADi nAma ke kaI vyakti hue hai, yaha hama anupada likheMge / ___ vyADi-vaiyAkaraNa vyADi AcArya kA ullekha RkprAtizAkhya" mahAbhASya, kAzikAvRtti aura bhASAvRtti Adi aneka granthoM meM milatA hai| . vyADi pada kA artha-dhAtuvRttikAra sAyaNa vyADi pada kA artha " isa prakAra likhatA hai aDo vRzcikalAGglam, tena ca taikSaNyaM lakSyate, viziSTo'DastaikSNyamasya vyaDaH, tasyApatyaM vyADiH / ata in, svAgatAdInAM ceti vRddhipratiSedhaijAgamayoniSedhaH / / aneka vyADi-vyADi nAma ke aneka prAcArya hue haiN| prAcIna vyADi saMgraha grantha kA racayitA hai| isa vyADi kA ullekha RkprAtizAkhya Adi aneka prAcIna granthoM meM milatA haiM / eka vyADi kozakAra hai| 1. pRSTha paMkti-4;7 / 108; 7, 10, 11, 12, 13 / 144; 20 / 146; 10 // 2. paM0 bhagavaddattajI kRta bhAratavarSa kA bRhad itihAsa, , dvi0 saMska0, pRSTha 337 / 3. vahI, pRSTha 337 / 4. 2123, 28; " 6146; 13 / 31, 37 // 5. prApizalapANinIyavyADIyagautamIyAH / 6 / 2 / 36 // dravyAbhidhAnaM vyADiH / / 2 / 68 / 6. pUrva pRSTha 144 / 7. ikAM yabhirvyavadhAnaM vyADigAlavayoriti vaktavyam / 8. dhAtuvRtti pRSTha 82, 'caukhambA' saMska0 / tulanA karo-kAzikA 30 737; prakriyA ko0 pUrvArdha, pRSTha 614; gaNaratnamahodadhi pRSTha 36 //

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300 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa isake koza ke aneka uddharaNa kozagranthoM kI TIkAoM meM upalabdha hote haiM | AcArya hemacandra ke nirdezAnusAra vyADi ke koza meM 24 bauddha jAtakoM ke nAma milate haiM / ' ataH yaha mahAtmA buddha se uttaravartI hai, yaha spaSTa hai / prasiddha musalamAna yAtrI alberUnI ne eka rasajJa vyADi kA ullekha kiyA hai / 5 dAkSAyaNa - isa nAma kA ullekha mahAbhASya 2 / 3 / 66 meM milatA hai / maitrAyaNI saMhitA 186 meM dAkSAyaNoM kA nirdeza hai / darzapaurNamAsa kI pravRttirUpa eka iSTi bhI dAkSAyaNa iSTi kahAtI hai / kyA isa iSTi kA isa dAkSi athavA dAkSAyaNa se kucha sambandha hai ? dAkSi- vAmana ne kAzikA 6 / 2 / 69 meM isa nAma kA ullekha kiyA hai / matsya purANa 165 / 25 meM dAkSi gotra kA nirdeza upalabdha ho hai / yadyapi dAkSi aura dAkSAyaNa nAmoM meM gotra aura yuva pratyaya ke bheda se artha kI vibhinnatA pratIta hotI hai, tathApi pANina aura 15 pANini, tathA kAzakRtsna aura kAzakRtsni Adi ke samAna donoM nAma eka hI vyakti ke haiM / isakI puSTi kAzikA 4 / 1 / 166 ke 'tatra bhavAn dAkSAyaNaH, dAkSirvA' udAharaNa se hotI hai / vaMza - vyADi nAma se isake pitA kA nAma vyaDa pratIta hotA hai / mAtA kA nAma ajJAta hai / dAkSi aura dAkSAyaNa nAmoM se isa vaMza ke 20 mUla puruSa kA nAma 'dakSa' vidita hotA hai / matsya purANa 165 / 25 meM dAkSi ko aGgirA vaMza kA kahA hai / nyAsakAra jinendrabuddhi ke lekhAnusAra vyADi dAkSAyaNa kA janma brAhmaNa kula meM huA thA / svasA - pANini ne krauDyAdi gaNa meM vyADi kA nirdeza kiyA 1. abhidhAnacintAmaNi devakANDa, zloka 147 kI TIkA, pRSTha 100, 2. pUrva pRSTha 268, Ti06 / 3. etaddha sma vA AhurdAkSAyaNAstantUntsamavRkSad gAmanvavyAvartayeti / 4. kumArIdAkSAH / 5. kapitaraH svastitaro dAkSiH zaktiH pataJjaliH / 6. brAhmaNagotrapratiSedhAdahi na bhavati - dAkSAyaNa iti / nyAsa 2|4|18, 30 pRSTha 470 / 7. aSTA0 4 / 1180 // 25 101 // ,

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saMgrahakAra vyADi 301 hai / usake anusAra usakI kisI bhAgini kA nAma 'vyADyA' pratIta hotA hai| pANini kI mAtA kA nAma dAkSI thA, yaha pUrva likha cuke haiN|' yaha pitRvyapadezaja nAma hai / isI kA vyADyA nAma bhrAtRvyapadezaja ho sakatA hai (yathA-yama yamI, rukmI rukminnii)| dAkSi aura dAkSAyaNa ke eka hone para vaha vyADi kI bahina hogI, aura pANini unakA bhaanjaa| 5 prAcArya-vikRtavallI nAma kA eka lakSaNagrantha vyADi-viracita mAnA jAtA hai| usake prArambha meM zaunaka ko namaskAra kiyA hai|' ArSa granthoM meM isa prakAra kI namaskAra zailI upalabdha nahIM hotii| ataH yaha zloka prakSipta hogA, vA yaha grantha kisI arvAcIna vyADi viracita hogA, vA kisI ne vyADi ke nAma se isa grantha kI racanA 10 kI hogii| vyADi zaunaka kA samakAlika hai / zaunaka ne apane RkprAtizAkhya meM vyADi kA ullekha kiyA hai| ataH sambhava ho sakatA hai ki vyADi ne zaunaka se vidyAdhyayana kiyA ho| prAcIna AcArya apane granthoM meM apane ziSya ke mata uddhRta karane meM saMkoca nahIM karate the / kRSNa dvaipAyana ne apane ziSya jaimini ke aneka mata 15 apane brahmasUtra meM uddhRta kiye haiN|' deza-puruSottamadeva Adi ne vyADi kA eka paryAya vindhyastha = vindhyavAsI vindhyanivAsI likhA hai| tadanusAra yaha vindhya parvata kA nivAsI thaa| kAzikA 2 / 4 / 60 meM 'prAcAmiti kim - dAkSiH pitA, dAkSAyaNaH putraH' likhA hai / pANini pazcimottara sImAnta 20 pradeza kA rahane vAlA thA, yaha hama pUrva likha cake haiN| ata usakA sambandhI dAkSAyaNa bhI usI ke samIpa kA nivAsI hogaa| isa se bhI pratIta hotA hai ki puruSottamadeva ke likhe hue vyADi ke paryAya ArSakAlIna vyADi ke nahIM haiM / kAzikA 4 / 1 / 160 meM dAkSi ko prAgvezIya likhA hai| yaha usa ke pUrvokta vacana se viruddha hai| ho sakatA 25 hai ki do dAkSi rahe hoN| abhinava zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa 2 / 4 / 117 kI amodhA aura cintAmaNi vatti meM prAGga bAGga prAgdezavAsiyoM ke sAtha dAkSi pada par3hA hai| kyA yaha dAkSi vindhyastha ho sakatA hai ? 1. pUrva pRSTha 168 / 2. natvAdau zaunakAcArya guru vande mahAmunim / 3. vedAntadarzana 122 / 28, 31; 3 / 2 / 40; 314118, 40; 413 // 12 // 30 4. pUrva pRSTha 202 / 5. kvacinna bhavatyeva-dAkSiH / 6. aGgabaGgadAkSayaH, AGkabAGgadAkSayaH /

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302 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 5 dAkSAyaNa deza-dAkSi tathA dAkSAyaNoM kA kula bahuta vistRta aura samRddha thA / vaha kula jahAM basA huA thA, vaha sthAna (deza) dAkSaka' aura dAkSAyaNabhakta' ke nAma se prasiddha thA / kAzikA 4 / 2 / 142 meM 'dAkSipalada, dAkSinagara, dAkSigrAma, dAkSihada, dAkSikanyA'' saMjJaka grAmoM kA ullekha hai| kAzikA ke anusAra ye grAma vAhika =satalaja aura sindhu ke madhya the / kAzikA 6 / 2 / 85 meM 'dAkSighoSa, dAkSikaTa, dAkSipalvala, dAkSihnada, dAkSibadarI, dAkSyazvattha, dAkSizAlmalI, dAkSipiGgala, dAkSipizaGga, dAkSirakSa, dAkSizilpI, dAkSipusa, dAkSikUTa' kA nirdeza milatA hai| - vyADizAlA-pANini ne aSTAdhyAyI 5 / 2 / 86 ke chAtryAdigaNa meM vyADi pada kA nirdeza kiyA hai / tadanusAra zAlA uttarapada hone para 'vyADizAlA' pada Adya dAtta hotA hai / yahAM zAlAzabda pAThazAlA kA vAcaka hai, yaha hama ApizAlizAlA ke prakaraNa meM likha cuke haiN|' vyADizAlA kI prasiddhi-kAzikA 6 / 2 / 69 meM likhA hai15 kumArIdAkSAH / kumAryAdilAbhakAmAH ye dAkSyAdibhiH proktAni zAstrANyadhIyate tacchiSyatAM vA pratipadyante ta evaM kSipyante / arthAt jo kumArI kI prApti ke lie dAkSiprokta zAstra kA adhyayana karate haiM, athavA usakI ziSyatA svIkAra karate haiM, ve pUrva padAntodAtta kumArIdAkSa pada se AkSipta kie jAte haiN|' 2. pANini ke dvArA 6 / 2 / 86 meM dAkSizAlA kA nirdeza hone se tathA kAzikA ke uparyukta uddharaNa se spaSTa hai ki prAcArya vyADi kA vidyAlaya usa samaya atyanta prasiddhi ko prApta ho cukA thA / 1. dAkSi+ak, rAjanyAbhyio vun / aSTA0 4 / 2 / 53 // 2. dAkSi+bhakta, bhaurikyAdyeSakAryAdibhyo vighlbhktlo| aSTA0 4 / 3. dAkSigrAma: ... dAkSyAdayo nivasanti yasmin grAme sa teSApiti vyapadizyate / kAzikA 6 / 2 // 4 // 4. grAmavizeSasya saMjJA / vAmanIya linggaanushaasn| pRSTha , paM0 26 / 5. paJcAnAM sindhuSaSThAnAmantaraM ye samazritAH / vAhikA nAma te dezAH ...... / mahAbhArata karNaparva, mahAbhASyapradIpodyota 131 / 75 meM udadhRta / 6. pRSTha 148 / 7. tulanA karo-'ajarghA yo na jAnAti yo na jAnAti varvarIH / acIkamat yo na jAnAti tasmai kanyA na dIyate // kiNvdntii| 25 2054 //

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saMgrahakAra vyADi. . 303 vyADi kA varNana mahArAja samudragupta ne apane kRSNacarita kI prastAvanA ke antargata munikavivarNana meM likhA hai rasAcAryaH kaviADi: zabdabrahma kavAGamuniH / dAkSiputravacovyAkhyApaTurmImAMsakAgraNIH // 16 // balacaritaM kRtvA yo jigAya bhArataM vyAsaM ca / mahAkAvyavinirmANe tanmArgasya pradIpamiva // 17 // ina zlokoM se vidita hotA hai ki saMgrahakAra vyADi dAkSIputravacana (aSTAdhyAyI) kA vyAkhyAtA, rasAcArya aura zreSTha mImAMsaka thaa| usane balarAmacarita likha kara vyAsa aura bhArata ko jota 10 liyA thA, arthAt usakA balacarita bhArata se bhI mahAn thaa| - rasAcArya-kRSNacarita ke uparyukta uddharaNa meM vyADi ko rasAcArya kahA hai| vAgbhaTTa ne rasaratnasamuccaya ke prArambha meM prAcIna rasAcAryoM meM vyADi kA ullekha kiyA hai|' pArvatIputra nityanAthasiddha-viracita rasaratna ke vAdikhaNDa upadeza 1, zloka 66-70 meM 15 27 prAcIna rasAcAryoM ke nAma likhe haiM, una meM saba se prathama nAma 'vyAlAcArya' hai| Da-la kA abheda hone se sambhava hai, yahAM zuddhapATha vyADyAcArya ho / rAmarAjA ke rasaratnapradIpa meM bhI vyADi kA ullekha miltaa| garuDa purANa meM rasAcArya vyADi-paM0 rAmazaMkara bhaTTAcArya kA 'rasAcAya vyADi kA paurANika nirdeza' zIrSaka eka TippaNa vedavANI mAsika-patrikA ke varSa 10, aGka 6, pRSTha 20 para prakAzita huA hai| usa meM garuDa purANa pUrvArdha a0 66, zloka 35-37 udghata karake batAyA hai ki vyADi kA rasAcaryatva purANa sAhitya meM bhI prasiddha hai / ve zloka isa prakAra haiM 1. indrado gomukhazcaiva kAmbaliADireva ca / 1 // 3 // * 2. rasaratnasamuccaya meM bhI 27 rasAcAryoM kA ullekha hai| 3. kalAyastripuTa: proktaH satIlo vartu lo mataH / hareNu kaNTakA jJeyeti vyADiriti bhrtH| hisTrI Apha dI iNDiyana meDizana, pRSTha 758, 756 meM udghRt|

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304 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa prAdAya tatsakalameva tato'nnabhANDaM jambIrajAtarasayojanayA vipakvam / ghRSTaM tato mRdutanakRtapiNDamUlaiH ____kuryAt yatheSTamanumauktikamAzu viddham // 35 / / mulliptamatsyapuTamadhyagataM tu kRtvA pazcAt pacet tanu tatazca vidhaanptyaa| dugdhe tataH payasi taM vipacet sudhAyAM pakvaM tato'pi payasA zucicikkaNena // 36 // zuddhaM tato vimalavastranigharSaNena syAnmauktikaM vipulasadguNakAntiyuktam / vyADirjagAda jagatAM hi mahAprabhAva siddho vidagdhahitatatparayA kRpAluH // 37 // - yahAM 35 veM zloka ke rasayojanayA zabda spaSTa hai / 37 veM meM mahAprabhAvasiddha zabda bhI rasazAstra kA paribhASika pada hai| 15 uparyukta nirdezoM se spaSTa hai ki prAcArya vyAdi rasa pArada zAstra kA viziSTa pravaktA thaa| ___ nAgAgurjana rasazAstra kA upajAtA nahIM-loka meM kiMvadantI hai ki aauSadharUpa meM rasapArada ke vyavahAra kA upajJAtA bauddha vidvAna nAgArjuna hai| vastutaH yaha mithyA bhrama hai / rasacikitsA bhI utanI 20 hI prAcIna hai, jitanI prodbhijacikitsA / caraka aora suzruta mukhyatayA prauddhija aura zalyacikitsA ke pratipAdaka grantha haiM / isaliye una meM rasacikitsA kA vizeSa ullekha nahIM milatA / agniveza Adi rasacikitsA se paricita nahIM the, yaha dhAraNA mithyA hai| caraka cikitsAsthAna adhyAya 7 meM likhA hai- . zreSThaM gandhakasaMyogAt suvarNamAkSikaprayogAdvA / / sarvavyAdhivinAzamanadyAt kuSThI rasaM ca nigRhItam // caraka meM isa ke atirikta anya rasoM kA bhI ullekha hai| pro0 dattAtreya ananta kulakarNI ne rasaratnasamuccayaTIkA kI bhUmikA pRSTha 2. 3 para anya rasoM kA bhI varNana darzAyA hai / kauTilya arthazAstra 1. adhyAya 34 meM suvarNa kA eka bheda 'rasaviddha' =pArada nirmita batAyA hai|

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saMgrahakAra vyADi 305 vastutaH prAcIna kAla meM eka-eka viSaya para grantha likhane kI paripATI thii| prAcIna granthAkAra svapratipAdyaviSaya se bhinna viSaya meM hastakSepa nahIM karate the| isaliye caraka suzruta meM rasacikitsA kA vidhAna nahIM hai| mImAMsaka vyADi kRSNacarita meM vyADi ko 'mImAMsakAgraNI' likhA / ataH sambhava hai ki vyADi ne mImAMsAzAstra para bhI koI grantha likhA ho / jaimini prAkRti ko padArtha mAnatA hai| mahAbhASya 1 / 2 / 64 meM vyADi ko dravyapadArthavAdI likhA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki vyADi 'dravyapadArthavAdI mImAMsaka' rahA hogA / mahAbhASya meM kAzakRtsna- 1. prokta mImAMsA kA ullekha milatA hai| vaha dravyapadArthavAdI thA vA prAkRtipadArthavAdI, yaha ajJAta hai| kAla vyADi kA ullekha gRhapati zaunaka ne apane RkprAtizAkhya meM aneka sthAnoM para kiyA hai| gahapati zaunaka ne RkprAtizAkhya kA 15 pravacana bhAratayuddha ke lagabhaga 100 varSa pazcAt kiyA thA, yaha hama pUrva likha cake haiN| vyADi apara nAma dAkSAyaNa pANini kA mAmA thA, yaha bhI pUrva likhA jA cukA hai| ataH vyADi kA kAla bhAratayuddha ke pazcAt 100-200 varSoM ke madhya hai| saMgraha kA paricaya 20 mahAbhASya 2 / 3 / 66 meM likhA hai zobhanA khalu dAkSAyaNasya saMgrahasya kRtiH / . arthAt dAkSAyaNaviracita saMgraha kI kRti manohara hai| 1. teSAmabhivyaktirabhipradiSTA zAlAkyatantreSu cikitsitaM ca / parAdhikAre tu na vistaroktiH zasteti tenAtra na na: prayAsaH // caraka cikitsA0 26 // 25 130.131 // 2. prAkRtistu kriyArthatvAt / mImAMsA // 3 // 33 // ___3. dravyAbhidhAnaM vyaaddiH| 4. 4 / 1 / 14, 63; 4 / 3 / 155 / / 5. pUrva pRSTha 217, tti08| 6. pUrva pRSTha 216 / 7. pUrva pRSTha 198-166 /

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306 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa mahAbhASyakAra jaisA vivecanAtmaka buddhi rakhane vAlA vyakti jisa kRti ko sundara mAnatA ho, usakI prAmANikatA aura utkRTatA meM kyA sandeha ho sakatA hai ? saMgraha kA svarUpa-saMgraha grantha cirakAla se lupta hai / isalie 5. isakA kyA kA svarUpa thA, yaha hama nahIM kaha sakate / isa ke jo uddharaNa upalabdha hue haiM, unake anusAra isake viSaya meM kucha likhA jAtA hai__ saMgraha meM 5 adhyAya-cAndra vyAkaraNa 4 / 1 / 62 kI vRtti meM eka udAharaNa hai-paJcaka: saMgrahaH / isakI 'aSTakaM pANinIyam' udAharaNa 1. se tulanA karane para vidita hotA hai ki saMgraha meM pAMca adhyAya the / saMgraha kA parimANa-vAkyapadIya kA TIkAkAra puNyarAja likhatA hai iha purA pANinIye'smin vyAkaraNe vyADya paracitaM lakSagranthaparimANaM saMgrahAbhidhAnaM nibandhamAsIt / ' 15 nAgeza bho saMgraha kA parimANa lakSa zloka parimita mAnatA hai|' saMgrahasUtra--mahAbhASya 4 / 2 / 60 meM eka udAharaNa hai-sAMgrahasUtrikaH / isa se pratIta hotA hai ki saMgrahagrantha sUtrAtmaka thaa| ___ saMgraha dArzanika grantha thA-pataJjali mahAbhASya ke prArambha meM likhatA hai20 saMgrahe tAvat prAdhAnyena parIkSitam-nityo vA syAt kAryo vA / tatroktA: doSAH, prayojanAnyapyuktAni / tatra tveSa nirNaya:-yadyava nityo'thApi kAryaH, ubhayathApi lakSaNaM pravaya'm / / Age punaH likhatA hai-- saMgrahe tAvat kAryapratidvandvibhAvAnmanyAmahe nityaparyAyavAcino 25 grahaNamiti / ina donoM uddharaNoM se, tathA bhartRharikRta vAkyapadIya kI svopatra 1. vAkyapadIya TIkA, kAzI saMska0 pRSTha 283 / 2. saMgraho vyADikRto lakSazlokasaMkhyo grantha iti prasiddhiH / navAhnika, nirNayasAgara saMska0 pRSTha 23 / 3. a0 1 / pA0 1 prA0 1 //

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saMgrahakAra vyADi 307 TIkA meM udadhRta saMgraha ke pAThoM se vidita hotA hai ki saMgraha vAkyapadIya ke samAna pradhAnatayA vyAkaraNa kA dArzanika grantha thA / pANinIya zra - aSTaka - vyAkhyAna -- nAgezakRta bhASyapradIpodyota 4 | 3 | 39 meM likhA hai -- evaM ca saMgrahAdiSu tadudAharaNadAnamasaMgataM syAt / isa se pratIta hotA hai ki saMgraha meM kahIM kahIM aSTAdhyAyI ke sUtroM ke udAharaNa bhI diye gae the / nyAsakAra jinendrabuddhi kAzikAvivaraNapaJjikA 7 / 2111 meM likhatA hai-- zvabhUtivyADi prabhUtayaH zraca kaH hetunA carzvabhUto gakAra: prazliSTaH ityevamAcakSate / kitItyatra dvikakAra nirdezena 10 kaH kiti ( 7/2/11 ) sUtra kI ukta vyAkhyA sambhavataH saMgraha meM kI hogI 1 yaha bhI saMbhava ho sakatA hai ki vyADi ne aSTAdhyAyI kI koI vyAkhyA likhI ho / isakI puSTi kRSNacarita ke pUrva uddhRta zloka 15 ke dAkSiputravacovyAkhyApaTu pada se bhI hotI hai| saMgraha meM 14 sahasra padArthoM kI parIkSA -- mahAbhASya ke 'saMgrahe tAvat prAdhAnyena parIkSitam' isa vacana kI vyAkhyA meM bhartRhari likhatA hai - 1 caturdazasahasrANi vastUni zrasmin saMgrahagranthe ( parIkSitAni) / ' arthAt saMgraha meM 14 sahasra padArthoM kI parIkSA kI thI / yadi bhartRhari kA yaha vacana ThIka ho: to saMgraha kA eka lakSa zloka parimANa avazya rahA hogA / 25 saMgraha kI pratiSThA --saMgraha grantha kisI samaya atyanta pratiSThA kI dRSTi se dekhA jAtA thA / kAzikA 6 / 2269 ke 'kumArIdAkSA:' udAharaNa se vyakta hotA hai ki aneka vyakti kumArI kI prApti ( vivAha) ke liye jhUThamUTha apane ko dAkSi- prokta grantha ke jJAtA batAyA karate the / kAzikAkAra ne isa udAharaNa kI jo vyAkhyA kI hai, vaha = 20 1. hamArA hastalekha pRSTha 26, pUnA saM0 pR0 21 / 2. tulanA karo pUrva pRSTha 302, Ti07 mai uddhRta 'ajarghA' yo na zloka ke sAtha / 30

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308 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa. 1 cintya hai | pratIta hotA hai, usane isa udAharaNa kA bhAva nahIM samajhA / sUtrastha udAharaNoM kI 'dAkSAdibhiH proktAni zAstrANyadhIyate ' vyAkhyA meM 'dAkSAdibhi:' pATha zuddha hai, vahAM 'dAkSyAdibhiH' pATha honA cAhie / saMgraha grantha kI prauDhatA kA anumAna pataJjali ke dvArA nirdiSTa 5 nimna zloka se bhI hotA hai / - pataJjali ne mahAbhASya 2 / 3 / 66 meM dAkSAyaNa viracita saMgraha kI muktakaNTha se prazaMsA kI hai- 10 zobhanA khalu dAkSANasya saMgrahasya kRtiH / ina uddharaNoM se saMgraha grantha kA vaiziSTya sUrya ke samAna vispaSTa hai / saMgraha ke uddharaNa - saMgraha ke uddharaNa aneka granthoM meM upalabdha hote haiM / bhartRhari - viracita vAkyapadIya ke brahmakANDa kI svopajJa - TIkA meM saMgraha ke 10 (dasa) vacana uddhRta haiN| zrI paM0 cArudevajI 15 ne svasampAdita vAkyapadIya brahmakANDa ke anta meM unheM saMgRhIta kara diyA hai| prathama aura dazama vacana kA dvitIya uddharaNa kA sthAna hama ne DhUMDhA hai / Aja taka saMgraha ke jitane vacana upalabdha hue haiM, unheM hama nIce uddhRta karate haiM 20 kirati carkarItAntaM pacatItyatra yo nayet / prAptijJaM tamahaM manye prArabdhastena saMgrahaH // " 25 30 1. nahi kiJcit padaM nAma rUpeNa niyataM kvacit / padAnAM rUpamartho vA vAkyArthAdeva jAyate || 2. arthAt padaM sAbhidheyaM padAd vAkyArthanirNayaH / padasaMghAtajaM vAkyaM varNasaMghAtajaM padam // 3 3. zabdArthayorasaMbhede vyavahAre pRthak kriyA / yataH zabdArthayostattvamekaM tatsamavasthitam // * 1. mahA0 7|4|12|| kaiyaTa ne pataJjali ke bhAva ko saMbhavataH na samajhakara saMgraha zabda kA arthaM 'sAdhuzabdarAzi' likhA hai 2. vAkyapadIya TIkA lAhaura saMska0 pRSTha 42 / yaha vacana puNyarAja ne vAkyapadIya 2 / 319 kI vyAkhyA meM bhI uddhRta kiyA hai| vahAM tRtIya caraNa kA pATha 'padAnAmartharUpaM ca' hai, sambhavataH vaha azuddha hai / 3. vahI, pRSTha 43 // 4. vahI, pRSTha 43 //

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saMgrahakAra vyADi 4. saMbandhasya na karttAsti zabdAnAM lokavedayoH / zabdereva hi zabdAnAM saMbandhaH syAt kRtaH katham // ' 5. vAcaka upAdAnaH svarUpavAnavyutpattipakSe / vyutpattipakSe tvarthAvihitaM samAzritaM nimittaM zabdavyutpattikarmaNi prayojakam / upAdAno dyotaka ityeke / so'yamitivyapadezena saMbandhopayogasya 5 zakyatvAt / ' 6. nahi svarUpaM zabdAnAM gopiNDAdivat karaNe saMnivizate / tattu nityamabhidheyamevAbhidhAnasaMniveze sati tulyarUpatvAdasaMniviSTamapi samuccAryamANatvenAvasIyate / 7. zabdasya grahaNe hetuH prAkRto dhvaniriSyate / sthitibhede nimittatvaM vaikRtaH pratipadyate // * 8. prasatazcAntarAle yAJchandAnastIti manyate / pratipatturazaktiH sA grahaNopAya eva saH // pratipattaye / 6. yathAdyasaMkhyAgrahaNamupAyaH 306 saMkhyAntarANAM bhede'pi tathA zabdAntarazrutiH // 10. zabdaprakRtirabhraMzaH / 11. zuddhasyoccAraNe svArthaH prasiddho yasya gamyate / sa mukhya iti vijJeyo rUpamAtranibandhanaH || 10 15 I 12. sastyAnaM saMhananaM tamo nivRttirazaktirUparatiH pravRttipratibandhatirobhAva; strItvam / prasavo viSvagbhAvo vRddhizaktilAbho'bhyudrekaH 20 pravRttirAvirbhAva iti puMstvam / zravivakSAtaH sAmyasthiti rautsukyanivRttirapadArthatvamaGgAGgibhAvanivRttiH kaivalyamiti napuMsakatvamiti / I 1. vAkyapadIya TIkA lAhaura saM0, pRSTha 43 / 2. vahI, pRSTha 55 / 3. vahI, pRSTha 66 // 4. vahI, pRSTha 79 / tathA -- yadAha saMgrahakAraHzabdasya grahaNe hetu ...... / zrIdeva viracita syAdvAdaratnAkara bhAga 3, pRSTha 645 / 25 6. vahI, pRSTha 88 / tathA syAdvAdaratnAkara 5. vahI, pRSTha 86 / bhAga 3, pRSTha 649 / 7. ahI, pRSTha 134 / tathA helArAjaTIkA kANDa 3, pRSTha 111, kAzI saMska0 / 8. etadeva saMgrahakArokta zloka pradarzanena saMvAdayitumAha / vAkya 0 TIkA puNyarAja, kANDa 2, zloka, 267 / 6. vAkya 0 TIkA helArAja, pRSTha 431, kAzI saMska0 / liGgasamuddeza- 30 kArikA 1-2 |

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5 310 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 13. ikAM yabhirvyavadhAnamekeSAmiti saMgrahaH / ' 14. jAjvalIti sNgrhe| 15. yastvanyasya prayogeNa yatnAdiva niyujyate / tamaprasiddhaM manyante gauNArthAbhinivezinam // 16. zabde tAM jAti zabdamevArthajAtau jAti: zuklAdau dravyazabdaguNaM kRttatsaMyogaM yogi cAbhinnarUpaM vAcyaM vAcyeSu [zukla ] tvAdayo bodhayanti / 17. ki kAryaH zabdo'tha nitya iti / ' 18. asati pratyakSAbhimAne / ' 16. kAzyapastu prAttvapakSe didAsate ityeke ityuktvA saMgraha ittvavyatiriktasya ghukAryasyoktatvAd isbhAva upaditsata ityAha / 20. jJAnaM dvividhaM samyagasamyak ca / ' 1. jainendra vyA0 mahAnandiTIkA 12 / 1, pRSTha 23 / tulanA karo-ikAM yabhirvyavadhAnaM vyADigAlavayoriti vaktavyam / bhASAvRtti 6 // 17 // 15 2. zrIkavikaNThAhArakRta cakarItarahasya / iNDiyA Aphisa kA hastalekha, sUcIpatra bhAga 2, pRSTha 208 / 3. gauNArthasya svarUpamapyAha-vAkya0 kAM0 2, zloka 268 kI uttthAnikA puNyarAja kI / tulanA karo-- uddharaNa saMkhyA 11 (kArikA 237) kI utthAnikA ke sAtha / 4. kRttatsaMyogaM yoginAbhinnarUpam' pAThA0, pRSTha 77 / 5. zRGgAraprakAza, pRSTha 46 / isa uddharaNa kI uttyAnikA isa prakAra hai-'yadAha yasya guNasya hi bhAvAd dravye zabdanivezaH sa tasya bhAvaH, tadAbhighAne tvatalauM / tasyopasaMgrahAt saMgrahakAraH paThati-zabde taaN....|' 6. bhartR 0 mahAbhASyadIpikA, hamArA hastalekha pRSTha 30, pUnA saM0 pRSTha 23 / isa kI utthAnikA--evaM saMgraha etata prastutam-kiM nityaH... .. / ' 25 7. syAdvAdaratnAkara, pRSTha 1076 / isa kI utthAnikA-evaM ca yadAha vyaaddi:--asti......| yahAM itanA hI uddharaNa diyA hai| Age isa kI vyAkhyA kI hai| 8. ghAtuvRtti, pRSTha 287, kAzI saM0 / yahAM granthakAra ne saMgraha kA abhiprAya svazabdoM meM likhA hai / 6. bhASyavyAkhyAprapaJca, vArendra risarca sosAiTI baMgAla se prakAzita 1

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311 saMgrahakAra vyADi 21. zroMkArazcAtha zabdazca dvAvetau brahmaNaH purAH / kaNThaM bhittvA viniryAtau tena mAMgalikAvubhau // ' inameM se antima uddharaNa vyADi ke koSagrantha kA pratIta hotA hai / saMgraha ke uparyukta vacanoM se vidita hotA hai ki saMgraha meM gadya, padya donoM the 1 inake atirikta nyAsa, mahAbhASyapradIpa, padamaJjarI, yogavyAsabhASya zrAdi meM saMgraha nAma se kucha vacana upalabdha hote haiM / zrI DA0 satyakAma varmA kI bhUla varmAjI ne 'bhASAtattva aura vAkyapadIya' meM saM0 10 ke vacana kA artha 'zabdoM kI prakRti apabhraMza zabda hai' likhA hai | yaha vyAkhyA saMgrahavacana ke uddharttA bhartRhari kI 10 vyAkhyA ke tathA vaiyAkaraNa mata ke viparIta hai / unhoMne pAzcAtya mata ke sAtha tulanA ke liye ukta vyAkhyA kI hai / vastuta: isa vacana kA artha hai - apabhraMzoM kI prakRti sAdhu zabda haiN| zabdaprakRti meM bahuvrIhi samAsa hai - zabda: prakRtirasya / SaSThIsamAsa 'zabdAnAM prakRti:' mAna kara DAkTara jI ne bhUla kI hai / nyAsa aura saMgraha - nyAsakAra jinendrabuddhi ne pAMca vacana saMgraha ke nAma se uddhRta kie haiN| ve mahAbhASya meM upalabdha hote haiM / nyAsa ke pATha meM saMgraha kA artha saMkSepavacana ho sakatA hai / mahAbhASyApradIpa aura saMgraha - kaiTa ne mahAbhASya meM paThita kaI zlokoM ke viSaya meM 'pUrvAttArthasaMgrahazlokAH " likhA hai / isa vAkya 20 ke do atha ho sakate haiM / - 13 1. mahAbhASya meM pUrva pratipAdita artha kI puSTi meM saMgraha grantha ke zloka | 2. pUrva meM vistAra se pratipAdita artha ko saMgraha = saMkSepa se kahane vAle zloka | 25 puruSoktama devIya paribhASAvRtti prAdi ke anta meM pRSTha 125 / isa uddharaNa kI utthAnikA -- ' ata eva vyADi: - jJAnaM 15 1. bhASyavyAkhyAprapaJca / vahI saMska0, pRSTha 125 / isa uddharaNa kA antya pATha ---- 'noMkArazca vubhau // iti vyADilikhanAt / ' 2. 428, pRSTha 630 4 / 26, pRSTha 631 6 1 68, pRSTha 243; 8 / 1 / 66, pRSTha 41; 8|2| 108, pRSTha 1030 / / 3. 5 / 2 / 48 / /

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312 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kaI vidvAn kaiyaTa kI paMkti kA prathama artha samajha kara mahAbhASyanirdiSTa zlokoM ko saMgraha ke zloka mAnate haiN| parantu hamArA vicAra hai ki ye zloka mahAbhASyakAra ke haiM / padamaJjarI aura saMgraha-haradatta ne padamajarI meM ATha sthAnoM para saMgrahazloka likhe hai / ' una meM kucha mahAbhASyapaThita zloka haiM, aura kucha haradatta ke svaviracita pratIta hote haiM / haradatta ne jisa viSaya ko prathama gadya meM vistAra se likhA, anta meM usI ko saMkSepa se zlokoM meM saMgrahIta kara diyA / prakriyAkaumudI-TokA aura saMgraha-viTThala kAzikA meM uddhRta 10 'ekasmAnGANavaTA' Adi zloka ko saMgraha ke nAma se uddhRta karatA hai| yahAM saMgraha zabda se vyADi kA grantha abhipreta nahIM hai| vyAsabhASya aura saMgraha-yogadarzana ke vyAsabhASya meM eka saMgraha zloka uddhRta hai| vaha vyADi kA nahIM hai / caraka aura saMgraha--caraka sUtrasthAna adhyAya 26 meM 'saMgraha' zabda 15 kA prayoga milatA haiM-trividhasyAyurvedasUtrasya sasaMgrahavyAkaraNasya... pravaktAraH / yaha saMgrahapada saMkSipta vacana ke lie prayukta huA / yajJakala-nATaka aura saMgraha-kucha varSa hue goNDala (kAThiyAvAr3a) se bhAsa ke nAma se eka yajJaphala nATaka prakAzita hayA hai| usa ke pRSTha 116 para likhA hai-sasUtrArthasaMgrahaM vyAkaraNama / ___rAmAyaNa uttarakANDa aura saMgraha-rAmAyaNa uttarakANDa meM likhA hai-hanumAna ne saMgrahasahita vyAkaraNa kA adhyayana kiyA thaa| uttarakANDa Adikavi vAlmIki kI racanA nahIM hai, para hai paryApta prAcIna 1. 4 / 2178, pRSTha 68; 4 / 218, 6 pRSTha 127; 5 / 3 / 83, pRSTha 362; 6 / 1168, pRSTha 451; 631169 pRSTha 453 ityAdi / 25 2. saMgrahazlokAnusAreNa kathayati-ekasmAn / bhAga 1, pRSTha 20 / bhASAvRtti kA vyAkhyAtA sRSTidhara ise bhASyavacana kahatA hai / yaha usa kI bhUla hai / mahAbhASya meM yaha vacana upalabdha nahIM hotaa| 3. brAhmastribhUmiko lokaH prAjApatyastato mahAn / mAhendrazca svarityukto divi tArA bhuvi prajAH // iti saMgrahazlokaH / vyAsabhASya 3 / 26 // 4. sasUtravRttyarthapadaM mahArthaM sasaMgrahaM sidhyati vai kapIndraH 36 / 44 //

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saMgrahakAra vyADi usa kA saMketa vyADiviracita saMgraha grantha kI ora mAnanA anucita hai| kyA prAcIna kAla meM anya bhI saMgraha grantha the ? ___ saMgraha ke nAma se anya granthoM ke uddharaNa-sAyaNa ne apane vedabhASyoM meM aneka sthAnoM para svaviracita jaiminIyanyAyAdhikaraNamAlA ke zloka 'saMgraha' ke nAma se udadhata kiye haiN| ataH saMgraha nAma se 5 uddhata saba vacanoM ko vyADikRta saMgraha ke vacana nahIM samajhanA caahie| saMgraha kA lopa-bhartRhari vAkyapadIya ke dvitIya kANDa ke anta meM likhatA he prAyeNa saMkSeparucIna alpavidyAparigrahAn / saMprApya vaiyAkaraNAn saMgrahe'stamupAgate // 484 // kRte'tha pataJjalinA guruNA tIrthadarzinA / sarveSAM nyAyabIjAnAM mahAbhASye nibandhane // 485 // isa uddharaNa se vidita hotA hai ki saMgraha jaise mahAkAya grantha ke daThana-pAThana kA uccheda pataJjali se pUrva hI ho gayA thA, aura zanaiH 15 zanaiH grantha bhI naSTa ho rahe the / bhartRhari ne vAkyapadIya kI svopajJaTIkA meM saMgraha ke kucha uddharaNa die haiN|' ataH usake kAla taka saMgraha grantha pUrNa vA khaNDita rUpa meM avazya vidyamAna thA / bhaTTa vANa ne bhI harSacarita meM saMgraha kA ullekha kiyA hai| usase bANa ke kAla meM usakI sattA meM avazya pramANita hotI hai| parantu nyAsakAra jaise 2. prAcIna granthakAra dvArA 'saMgraha' kA ullekha na honA sandehajanaka hai| bANa aura nyAsakAra ke kAla meM adhika antara nahIM hai| helArAja ne prakIrNakANDa kI TIkA meM 'saMgraha' kA eka lambA vacana udadhata kiyA hai| yadi usane vaha uddharaNa kisI prAcIna TIkAgrantha se udadhata na kiyA ho, to 11 vIM zatAbdI taka saMgraha grantha ke kacha aMzoM kI vidya- 25 mAnatA svIkAra karanI hogii| anya grantha 1. vyAkaraNa-vyADi ne eka vyAkaraNazAstra racA thA, usa meM 1. dekho pUrva pRSTha 308-306, saMkhyA 1-10 taka uddharaNa / 2. sukRtasaMgrahAbhyAsaguravo labdhasAdhuzabdA loka iva vyAkaraNe'pi / uccha- 3. vAsa 3, pRSTha 87 / 3. dekho pUrva pRSTha 306, saMkhyA 12 kA uddharaNa / /

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314 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa daza adhyAya the / usakA varNana hama 'pANinIyASTaka meM anullikhita AcArya' nAmaka prakaraNa meM pUrva pRSTha 143 para kara cuke haiN| . 2. balacarita-mahArAja samudragupta viracita kRSNacarita ke munikavi-varNana ke jo do zloka pUrva pRSTha 303 para uddhRta kiye haiM, unase spaSTa hai ki vyADi prAcArya ne bala-balarAma-carita kA nirmANa karake bhArata aura vyAsa ko bhI jIta liyA thaa| AcArya vyADi ke kAvya ke liye dekhie isa grantha kA 'kAvyazAstra kAra vaiyAkaraNa kavi' zIrSaka adhyAya 30 ___ atrideva vidyAlaMkAra likhate haiM-'mImAMsakajI...'vyADi kA samaya bhAratayuddha ke pIche 200-300 varSa mAnate haiM, jo abhI taka mAnya nahIM, kyoMki kAvyaracanA meM azvaghoSa yA kAlidAsa hI prathama mAne jAte haiM........" pratyeka bhAratIya itihAsa ke jJAna se zUnya pAzcAttya vidvAnoM ke prasthApita matoM ko AMkha mIca kara likhane vAlA vyakti aisI hI UTa15 paTAMga bAteM likhegaa| 3. paribhASA-pATha-vyADi ne kisI paribhASApATha kA pravacana kiyA thA, isake aneka pramANa vibhinna granthoM meM milate haiN| kaI eka paribhASApATha ke hastalekha vyADi ke nAma se nirdiSTa vibhinna pustakAlayoM meM vidyamAna haiN| vyADi-prokta paribhASApATha ke viSaya meM isa grantha ke adhyAya 26 meM vistAra se likhA hai / ataH isa viSaya meM vahIM dekheN| 4. liGgAnuzAsana-vyADikRta, liGgAnuzAsana kA ullekha vAmana, harSavardhana' tathA hemacandra ke liGgAnuzAsanoM meM milatA hai| isakA vizeSa varNana hamane adhyAya 25 meM kiyA hai| 5 5. vikRtivallI-vikRtivallI saMjJaka Rgveda kA eka pariziSTa upalabdha hotA hai| vaha prAcArya vyADikRta mAnA jAtA hai / usake 1. Ayurveda kA bRhad itihAsa, pRSTha 400 / 2. yad vyADipramukhaH, pRSTha 1, 2 / vyADipraNItamatha, pRSTha 20 / 3. vyADe: zaGkaracandrayorvararuce vidyAnidheH pANineH / kArikA 67 // 30 4. haima liGgAnuzAsana vivaraNa, pRSTha 103 /

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saMgrahakAra vyADi pArambhika zloka meM prAcArya zaunaka ko namaskAra kiyA hai| ArSagranthoM meM isa prakAra namaskAra kI zailI upalabdha nahI hotI hai| ataH . yaha zloka yA to kisI zaunakabhakta ne milAyA hogA, yA yaha grantha arvAcIna vyADikRta hogaa| 6. koza-vyADi ke koza ke uddharaNa kozagranthoM kI aneka 5 TIkAoM meM upalabdha hote haiN| yaha koza vikrama-samakAlika arvAcIna vyADi kA banAyA huA hai, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiN| isa kA nAma utpalinI thA, aisA gurupada hAladAra kA mata hai|' isa adhyAya meM hamane mahAvaiyAkaraNa vyADi aura usa ke 'saMgraha' anya kA saMkSipta varNana kiyA hai / agale adhyAya meM aSTAdhyAyI ke 10 vArtikakAroM ke viSaya meM likhA jaaegaa| 2. pRSTha 300, paM0-24 / - 1. pRSTha 302, Ti0 2 / / 3. bRhattrayI, pRSTha 68 / ..

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AThavAM adhyAya aSTAdhyAyI ke vArttikakAra ( 2800 vikrama pUrva ) 5 pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI para aneka AcAryoM ne vArtikapATha race the / una ke grantha isa samaya anupalabdha haiN| bahuta se vArtikakAroM ke nAma bhI ajJAta haiM / mahAbhASya meM aneka ajJAtanAmA AcAryo ke vacana 'apara grAha' nirdezapUrvaka ullikhita haiM / ve prAyaH pUrvAcAryoM ke vArtika haiM / pataJjali ne kahIM-kahIM vArtikakAroM ke nAmoM kA nirdeza bhI kiyA hai, parantu bahuta svalpa / mahAbhASya meM nimna vArtika10 kAroM ke nAma upalabdha hote haiM 1 2. bhAradvAja / 5. bADava / 1. kAtya vA kAtyAyana / 3. sunAga / 4. kroSTA / inake atirikta nimna do vArtikakAroM ke nAma mahAbhASya kI TIkAoM se vidita hote haiM6. vyAghrabhUti / 15 7. vaiyAghrapadya / vArtika nAma se vyavahRta granthoM ke do prakAra - eka vArtika ve haiM, jina kI racanA sUtroM para huI, aura una para bhASya race gaye / isI liye kAtyAyanIya vArtikoM ke liye bhASyasUtra zabda kA vyavahAra hotA hai / yaha prakAra kevala vyAkaraNazAstra meM upalabdha hotA hai / dUsare 20 vArtika grantha ve haiM, jina kI bhASyoM para racanA kI gaI / jaise nyAyabhASyavArtika / ' 25 vArtika kA lakSaNa parAzara upapurANa meM vArtika kA nimna lakSaNa likhA haiuktAnuktaduruktAnAM cintA yatra pravartate / taM granthaM vAtikaM prAhuvAsikajJA manISiNaH // ' 1 1. isI prakAra zAbarabhASya para kumArila ke zloka vArtika, tantravArtika / zaMkara ke bRhadAraNyaka Adi bhASyoM para surezvarAcArya ke vArtika grantha / 2. tulanA karo - uktAnuktaduruktacintA vArtikam / kAvyamImAMsA pRSTha 5 /

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vArtikakAra 317 arthAt-jisa meM ukta anukta durukta viSayoM kA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai, usa grantha ko vArtikaja manISI vArtika kahate haiN| isI prakAra hemacandra, rAjazekhara, nAgeza, zeSanArAyaNa, haradatta prabhRti vidvAnoM ne bhI vArtika ke lakSaNa likheM haiN|' __ golDasTukara, bevara, varanela, esa0 sI0 cakravartI, rajanIkAnta gupta 5 kIlahAna prabhRti ne vArtika ke uparyukta lakSaNa ko dhyAna meM rakha kara vArtikakAra kAtyAyana ke sambandha meM jo vicAra prakaTa kiye gaye haiM, ve sarvathA bhrAmaka hai| yadi kAtyAyana vastutaH pANini kA dveSI hotA vA doSadRSTi-pradhAna hotA to na kevala pataJjali usa ke vArtikoM para mahAbhASya ke rUpa meM vyAkhyA likhate aura nA hI pANinIya 10 sampradAya meM vArtikAkAra ko trimani vyAkaraNasya trimuni vyAkaraNa ke rUpa meM sammAna hI milatA / vastutaH parAzara upapurANa kA vArtika kA lakSaNa una vArtika granthoM para ghaTita hotA hai jo bhASya granthoM para vArtika likhe gaye / yathA-nyAyabhASya para udyotakara kI nyAyavArtika, zAbarabhASya para 15 kumArila kA zlokavAtika tathA tantravAtika Adi / ___ haradatta, zeSa nArAyaNa aura nAgeza Adi ne parAzara upapurANa ke / vArtika lakSaNa ko hI vinA soce samajhe likhA hai| navIna vaiyAkaraNoM kA yathottaraM munInAM prAmANyam siddhAnta bhI ina kI ajJatA ko bodhita karatA hai| viSNudharmottara meM vArtika kA lakSaNa isa prakAra darzAyA haiprayojanaM saMzayanirNayau ca vyAkhyAvizeSo gurulAghavaM c|| kRtavyudAso'kRtazAsanaM ca sa vAtiko dharmaguNo'STakazca // . 1. ina lekhakoM ke vArtika lakSaNoM ke liye dekhie 'vyAkaraNa vArtikaeka samIkSAtmaka adhyAyana', pRSTha 22, 23 / . 25 2. ina granthakAroM ke matoM ke parijJAna ke liye 'vyAkaraNa vArtikaeka samIkSAtmaka adhyAyana' kA dUsarA adhyAya dekheN| vahAM ina vidvAnoM ke * mata kI samyak parIkSA karake una kI bhrAntatA bhale prakAra darzAI hai / 3. kAzikA 2 // 1 // 16 // 4. vyAkaraNa vArtika-eka samIkSAtmaka adhyAyana, pRSTha 23 para uddhRt| 30

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318 . saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ___ yaha vArtika lakSaNa adhikAMza rUpa meM kAtyAyanIya vArtikoM para bhI ghaTatA hai| vaiyAkaraNIya vArtika pada kA atha - vaiyAkaraNa nikAya meM 'vyAkaraNa zAstra kI pravRtti ke lie vRtti 5 zabda kA vyavahAra hotA hai / yathA kA punarvRti: ? shaastrprvRttiH|' nirukta 2 / 1 ke 'saMzayavatyo vRttayo bhavanti' vAkya meM bhI vRtti zabda kA artha vyAkaraNazAstra pravRtti hI hai / . kAtyAyana ne bhI vRtti zabda kA yahI artha svIkAra karake likhA tatrAnuvRttinirdaze savarNAgrahaNam anaNatvAt' / isa kI vyAkhyA meM kaiyaTa likhatA haivRttiH zAstrasya lakSye pravRttiH, tadanugato nirdezo'nuvRttinirdezaH / zAstrapravRtti kI vAstavika pratIti kevala sUtroM se nahIM hotii| 15 usa ke lie sUtravyAkhyAna kI apekSA hotI hai / isalie sUtroM ke laghu vyAkhyAna grantha, jina meM padaccheda vibhakti anuvRtti udAharaNa pratyudAharaNa Adi dvArA sUtra ke tAtparya ko vyakta kiyA jAtA hai, ko bhI vRtti kahA jAtA hai / isI dRSTi se mUlabhUta zabdAnuzAsana ke lie vRttisUtra pada kA vyavahAra hotA hai| 20 vRtti zabda ke ukta artha ke prakAza meM 'vArtika' pada kA artha hogA vRtteAkhyAnaM vArtikam / arthAt jo vRtti kA vyAkhyAna ho, vaha 'vArtika' kahAtA hai| vaiyAkaraNIya vArtikoM kI sUkSma vivecanA se bhI yahI bAta vyakta hotI hai, ki unakI kI mImAMsA kA AdhArabhUta viSaya vRtti zAstra 25 pravRtti grantha haiN| vArtikoM ke anya nAma vAtikoM ke lie vaiyAkaraNa vAG maya meM vAkya, vyAkhyAna-sUtra, 1. mahA0 a0 1, prA0 1 ke anta meN| 2. mahA0 11, a i uN 3. dra0--pUrva pRSTha 240, 241 / suutrbhaassy|

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vAttikakAra 316 bhASyasUtra, anutantra, aura anusmRti zabdoM kA vyavahAra hotA hai / yathA vAkya-vAtikoM ke lie svatantrarUpa se vAkya pada kA nirdeza kaiyaTa ke mahAbhASyapradIpa meM do sthAnoM para, nyAsa' tathA devakRta daiva' meM eka eka sthAna para upalabdha hotA haiN| hAM, vArtikakAra ke lie 5 vAkyakAra pada kA prayoga to asakRt upalabdha hotA hai|' vAkya pada kA artha-vArtika ke lie vAkya pada kA prayoga sambhavataH isalie hotA hai ki sUtroM meM kriyA-pada kA prayoga nahIM hotA / ataH una meM vAkyatva lakSaNa vyApta nahIM hotaa| vArtikoM meM prAyaH kriyA-pada bhI prayukta hotA hai| ataH una meM vAkyatva kA lakSaNa 10 bhale prakAra upapanna ho jAtA hai, arthAt vAtika sUtravat saMkSipta vacana na hokara vAkyarUpa vistRta haiN| vyAkhyAna-sUtra-vyAkhyAnasUtra pada kA prayoga kevala kaiyaTa ke mahAbhASyapradIpa meM upalabdha hotA hai|' vyAkhyAnasUtra kA artha-jina sUtroM kA vyAkhyAna kiyA jAe, vaha 15 'vyAkhyAnasUtra' kahAte haiN| vArtikoM para bhASyarUpI vyAkhyAna grantha likhe gae, ataH inheM 'vyAkhyAnasUtra' kahA jAtA hai / ___ bhASyasUtra-bhartRhari ne mahAbhASyadIpikA" meM, tathA svAmI 1. sUtravyAkhyAnArthatvAd vAkyAnAm ....." / 6 // 3 // 34 // tulyavicAratvAd bhASye trisUtrI paThitvA vAkyaM paThitam--sapukAnAmiti / 8 / 3 // 5 // 20 2. bhASyaM kAtyAyanena praNItAnAM vAkyAnAM vivaraNaM pataJjalipraNItam / pRSTha 1 / 3. upalambhe zapekyiAt / zloka 131 / 4. draSTavya--agalA prakaraNa 'vAtikakAra vaakykaar'| .. 5. ekatiG vAkyam / mahA0 2 / 131 // 6. vyAkhyAnasUtreSu lAghavA'nAdarAt / kayaTa, mahAbhASyapradIya 8 / 2 / 6 // 25 isI para nAgeza likhatA hai--vyAkhyAnasUtreSviti vaartikessvityrthH| ___7. bhASyasUtre gurulAghavasyAnAzritatvAt, lakSaNaprapaJcayostu mUlasUtre'pyAzrayaNAd ihApi lakSaprapaJcAbhyAM prvRtiH| hastalekha pRSTha 48; pUnA saM0 pRSTha 36 / na ca teSu bhASyasUtreSu gurulaghubhAvaM prati yatna: kiyate / tathA [hi]nahIdAnImAcAryAH sUtrANi kRtvA nirvatayanti iti // bhASyasUtrANi hi lakSaNapra. 30 paJcAbhyAM samarthatarANi / hastalekha pRSTha 281, 202; pUnA saM0 pRSTha 223 /

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320 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa dayAnanda sarasvatI ne svIya RgvedAdibhASyabhUmikA' meM vArtikoM ke lie 'bhASyasUtra' pada kA prayoga kiyA hai / harSavardhanakRta liGgAnuzAsana kI TIkA meM vArtika' pada kA artha hI bhASyasUtra likhA hai|' bhASyasUtra pada kA artha-jina sUtroM para bhASyagrantha likhe jAeM, 5 athavA jo bhASyagranthoM ke mUlabhUta AdhAra vAkyarUpa sUtra hoM, unheM 'bhASyasUtra' kahA jAtA hai| anutantra-bhartRhari ne vAkyapadIya brahmakANDa kI svopajJa TIkA meM vArtiko ko 'anutantra' nAma se uddhRta kiyA hai / ' anusmRti-sAyaNa ne dhAtuvRtti meM vArtikoM ke liye 'anusmRti' 10 zabda kA vyavahAra kiyA hai|' anutantra aura anusmRti zabdoM meM tantra aura smRti zabda se pANinIya zAstra abhipreta hai / yataH vArtika usa kA anugamana karate haiM, ataH una ke lie anutantra aura anusmRti zabdoM kA vyavahAra hotA vArtikakAra==vAkyakAra bhartRhari, kumArila, jinendrabuddhi, kSIrasvAmI, helArAja, 1. arthagatyartha: zabdaprayoga iti bhASyasUtram / vaidikalokikasAmAnyavizeSaniyama prakaraNa, pRSTha 376, tR0 saM0 / 2. 'vArtikaM bhASyasUtrANi / ' napuM0 prakaraNa kArikA 44, za pustaka kA 20 paatthaantr| . 3. anutantre khalvapi --siddhe zabdArthasambandhe iti / pRSTha 35, lAhaura sNsk0| 4. anusmRtI kArazabdasya sthAne karazabda: paThyate / pRSTha 30 / 5. eSA bhASyakArasya kalpanA, na vAkyakArasya / mahAbhASyadIpikA, hasta0 pRSTha 162, pUnA saM0 pRSTha 123 / yadevokta vAkyakAreNa vRttisama vAyArtha upadezaH / mahAbhASyadIpikA, hasta0 pRSTha 116, pUnA saM0 pRSTha 12 / 25 6. dharmAya niyamaM cAha vAkyakAraH prayojanam / tantravAtika 113 // pRSTha 278, pUnA sN0| 7. nyAsa 6 // 2 // 11 // 8. sautrAzculumpAdayazca vAkyakArIyA ghAtavaH / kSIrata0 pRSTha 322 (hamArA sNskrnn)| 6. vAkyapadIya TIkA kANDa 3, pRSTha 2, 12, 27 Adi, kAzI saMska0 /

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41 aSTAdhyAyI ke vArtikakAra 321 2 hemacandra,' haradatta, sAyaNa' aura nAgeza prabhRti vidvAna vArtikakAra ke lie vAkyakAra zabda kA prayoga karate haiM / kAtantra - durgavRti kI durgaTIkA meM vAkyakAra zabda kA prayoga vArtikakAra ke lie milatA hai / parantu vaha vArtika pANinIya tantra sabandhI nahIM hai / vAkyakaraNa - hemahaMsagaNi' zrI guNaratnasUri vArtikakArokta 5 dhAtu ke lie vAkyakaraNIya zabda kA prayoga karate haiM / vAkyArthavid - bhaTTa nArAyaNa ne gobhila gRhyasUtra 3 | 1016, tathA 4 / 1 / 21 ke bhASya meM 'vAkyArthavid' ke nAma se do vacana uddhRta kie haiN| ina meM se prathama kAtyAyana viracita karmapradIpa ( 3|1|16 ) meM upalabdha hotA hai / kAtyAyana ne lie prayukta vAkyakAra pada ke 10 sAtha vAkyArthavid zabda kI tulanA karanI cAhiye / padakAra - sAMkhyasaptati kI yuktidIpikA TIkA meM vArtikakAra ke liye padakAra zabda kA prayoga milatA hai / " padakAra zabda kA prayoga mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali ke lie hotA hai, yaha hama bhASyakAra 15 pataJjali ke prakaraNa meM likheNge| hamArA vicAra hai ki yuktidIpikA meM uddhRta vacana kAtyAyana kA vArtika nahIM hai, mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali kA vacana haiM / nyAsakAra ne bhI 3 / 2 / 12 meM padakAra ke nAma se eka vacana 1. sautrAzculumpAdayazca vAkyakArIyA ghAtava udAhAryA: / haima -- dhAtu- 20 pArAyaNa ke anta meM pRSTha 357 / 2. yadvismRtamadRSTaM vA sUtrakAreNa tatsphuTam / vAkyakAro bravItyevaM tenA dRSTaM ca bhASyakRt // padamaJjarI 'atha zabdA0 ' bhAga 1, pRSTha 7 / 3. culumpAdayo vAkyakArIyA: / dhAtuvRtti, pRSTha 402 / 4. vAkyakAro vArtikamArabhate / bhASyapradIpodyota 6 / 1 / 135 // 5. tasmAd vAkyakAra Aha-- bI zramavibhASA / maJjUSA patrikA varSa 4, aMka 1, pRSTha 16 para uddhRta / 6. eva laukikavAkyakaraNIyAnAm | nyAya -saMgraha, pRSTha 122 // atha vAkyakaraNIyA: ...... vahI, pRSTha 130 / 7. culumpAdayo vAkyakaraNIyAH / kriyAratnasamuccaya, pRSTha 284 / 8. padakArazcAha----jAtivAcakatvAt / pRSTha 7 / tulanA karo -- dambherhal* grahaNasya jAtivAcakatvAt / vArtika 1 / 2 / 10 // 25

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322 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa uddhRta kiyA hai| vaha na pUrNatayA vArtikapATha se milatA hai, na bhASyapATha se| 1. kAtyAyana pANinIya vyAkaraNa para jitane vAtika likhe gaye, una meM 5 kAtyAyana kA vArtikapATha hI prasiddha hai| mahAbhASya meM mukhyatayA kAtyAyana ke vArtikoM kA vyAkhyAna hai| pataJjali ne mahAbhASya meM do sthAnoM para kAtyAyana ko spaSTa zabdoM meM 'vAttikakAra' kahA hai|' paryAya-puruSottamadeva ne apane trikANDazeSa koSa meM kAtyAyana ke 1 kAtya, 2 kAtyAyana, 3 punarvasu, 4 medhAjit aura 5 vararuci 10 nAmAntara likhe haiN| 1. kAtya-yaha gotrapratyayAnta nAma hai| mahAbhASya 3 / 2 / 3 meM vArtikakAra ke lie isa nAma kA ullekha milatA hai| baudhAyana zrauta 7 / 4 meM bhI 'kAtya' smRta hai / . 2. kAtyAyana-yaha yuvapratyayAnta nAma hai| pUjya vyakti ke 15 sammAna ke liye use yuvapratyayAnta nAma se smaraNa karate haiN| mahAbhASya 3 / 2 / 118 meM isa nAma kA ullekha hai / 3. punardasu-yaha nAkSatra nAma hai / bhASAvRtti 4 / 3 / 34 meM punarvasu ko vararuci kA paryAya likhA hai| mahAbhASya 11 / 63 meM 'pUnarvasU mANavaka' nAma milatA hai| parantu yaha kAtyAyana ke liye nahIM hai / 20. 4. medhAjit-isakA prayoga anyatra dekhane meM nahIM AyA / 5. vararuci-mahAbhASya 4 / 3 / 101 meM vAraruca kAvya kA varNana 1. na sma purAdyatana iti bruvatA kAtyAyaneneha / smAdividhiH purAnto yadyavizeSeNa bhavati, kiM bArtikakAraH pratiSedhena karoti-na sma purAdyatana iti 3 / 2 / 118 // siddhatyevaM yattvidaM vArtikakAra: paThati-'vipratiSedhAttu TApo 25 balIyastvam' iti etadasaMgRhIta bhavati / 7 / 1 / 1 // 2. medhAjit kAtyAyanazca saH / punarvasurvararuciH / 3. provAca bhagavAn kAtyastenAsiddhiryaNastu te / 4. vRddhasya ca pUjAyAm / mahAbhASya vArtika 4 / 1 / 163 // 5. dekho, yahI pRSTha, 322, Ti0 1 / 6. punrvsurvrruciH| 30 7. tiSyazca mANavakaH, punarvasU ca mANavako tiSyapunarvasavaH /

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vArtikakAra .. 323 hai|' mahArAja samudragupta ne kRSNacarita meM vararuci ko svargArohaNa kAvya kA kartA kahA hai| usa ke anusAra yaha vararuci vArtikakAra kAtyAyana hI haiN| kathAsaritsAgara aura bRhatkathAmaJjarI meM kAtyAyana kA zrutadhara nAma bhI milatA hai / hameM saMkhyA 3, 4 ke nAmoM meM sandeha hai / kadAcit ye nAma uttarakAlIna kAtyAyana vararuci ke rahe hoMge / vaMza-kAtya pada gotra pratyayAnta hai / isa se itanA spaSTa hai ki kAtya vA kAtyAyana kA mUla puruSa 'kata' hai| aneka kAtyAyana-prAcIna vAGamaya meM aneka kAtyAyanoM kA 10 ullekha milatA hai / eka kAtyAyana kauzika hai, dUsarA AGgirasa hai, tIsarA bhArgava hai, aura cauthA dvayAmuSyAyaNa hai| caraka sUtrasthAna 1210 meM eka kAtyAyana smata hai| yaha zAlAkya tantra kA racayitA hai| kauTilya arthazAstra samayAcArika prakaraNa adhi0 5 0 5 meM bhI eka kAtyAyana smRta hai / yAjJavalkya-putra kAtyAyana-skanda purANa nAgara khaNDa a0 130 zloka 71 ke anusAra eka kAtyAyana yAjJavalkya kA putra hai| isane vedasUtra kI racanA kI thii| skanda meM hI isa kAtyAyana ko yajJavidyAvicakSaNa bhI kahA hai, aura usake vararuci nAmaka putra kA ullekha kiyA hai| yAjJavalkya-putra kAtyAyana ne hI zrauta, gRhya, dharma aura 20 zuklayajuHpArSat Adi sUtragranthoM kI racanA kI hai| yaha kAtyAyana kauzika pakSa kA hai| isane vAjasaneyoM kI prAdityAyana ke chor3akara 5 1. vArarucaM kAvyam / 2. dra0 Age svargArohaNakAvya ke prasaGga meM uddharivyamANa zloka / 3. kathAsaritsAgara lambaka 1, taraGga 2, zloka 66-70 / 4. aSTAGgahRdaya, vAgbhaTTa-vimarza, pRSTha 17 / .. 5. ayamuccaH siJcatIti kAtyAyanaH / Adita: a0 65 / '6. kAtyAyanasutaM prApya vedasUtrasya kArakam / 7. kAtyAyanAbhidhaM ca yajJavidyAvicakSaNam / putro vararuciryasya babhUva gunnsaagrH|| a0 131, zloka 48, 46 / /

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10 saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa AGgirasAyana' svIkAra kara liyA thA / vaha svayaM pratijJApariziSTa meM likhatA hai - 30 324 evaM vAjasaneyAnAmaGgirasAM varNAnAM so'haM kauzikapakSaH ziSyaH' pArSadaH paJcadazasu tattacchAkhAsu sAdhIyakramaH hamArA vicAra hai ki yAjJavalkya kA pautra, kAtyAyana kA putra vararuci kAtyAyana praSTAdhyAyI kA vArtikakAra hai / isameM nimna hetu haiM1. kAzikAkAra ne 'purANaprokteSu brAhmaNakalpeSu " sUtra para AkhyAnoM ke AdhAra para zatapatha brAhmaNa ko acirakAlakRta likhA hai / parantu vArtikakAra ne 'yAjJavalkyA dibhyaH pratiSedhastulyakAlatvAt" meM yAjJavalkyaprokta zatapatha brAhmaNa ko anya brAhmaNoM kA samakAlika kahA hai| isase pratIta hotA ki vArtikakAra kA yAjJavalkya ke sAtha 15 koI vizeSa sambandha thA / ata eva usane tulyakAlatvahetu se zatapatha ko purANokta siddha karane kA yatna kiyA hai / anyathA purANaprokta hone para bhI ukta hetu nirdeza ke vinA 'yAjJavalkyAdiH pratiSedhaH ' itane vArtika se hI kArya cala sakatA thA / 20 2. mahAbhASya se vidita hotA hai ki kAtyAyana dAkSiNAtya thA / " 1. vAjasanerthoM ke do ayana haiM-- dvayAnyeva yajUMSi, AdityAnAmaGgirasAnAM ca / pratijJAsUtra (zrota-pariziSTa ) kaNDikA 6, sUtra 4 / ina donoM kA nirdeza mAdhyandina zatapatha 4|4|15 16, 20 meM bhI milatA hai / 25 2. pratijJApariSTa ke vyAkhyAtA aNNA zAstrI ne 'ziSya' pada kA sambandha bhI kauzika ke sAtha lagAyA hai, parantu hamArA vicAra hai ki ziSya pada kA sambandha 'AGgirasAnAM varNAnAM' ke sAtha hai| unhoMne yAjJavalkyacarita ( pRSTha 55) meM yAjJavalkyaputra kAtyAyana se bhinnatA darzAne ke lie pravarabheda kA nirdeza kiyA hai, parantu vaha ThIka nahIM / zrAGgirasAyana ko svIkAra kara lene para zrAGgirasa Adi bhinna pravaroM kA nirdeza yukta hai / yahI kAtyAyana zukla yajurveda ke AGgirasAyana kI kAtyAyana zAkhAkA pravataka hai / kAtyAyana zAkhA kA pracAra vindhya ke dakSiNa meM mahArASTra Adi pradeza meM rahA hai / 3. pratijJApariziSTa, aNNAzAstrI dvArA prakAzita, kaNDikA 31 sUtra 5 / 4. yAjJavalkyacarita pRSTha 87 se Age lagA 'zuklayajuH' zAkhA citrapaTa | 5. aSTA0 4 | 3 | 105 / / 6. mahAbhASya 4 |2| 66 // 7. priyataddhitA dAkSiNAtyAH / yathA loke vede ceti prayoktavye yathA laukikavaidikeSu prayaJjate / a0 1, pA0 1 0 1 //

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vArttikakAra 325. kAtyAyata zAkhA kA adhyayana bhI prAyaH mahArASTra meM rahA hai / yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiM / 3. zuklayajuH prAtizAkhya ke aneka sUtra kAtyAyanIya vArtikoM se samAnatA rakhate haiM / yaha samAnatA bhI inake pArasparika sambandha ko puSTa karatI hai / 4, vAjasaneya prAtizAkhya meM eka sUtra hai - pUrvo dvandveSvavAyuSu ( 3 / 127) / isa meM pravAyuSu pada dvandveSu kA vizeSaNa hai / isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki jisa dvandva meM vAyu pUrvapada meM yA uttarapada meM ho, usake pUrvapada ko dIrgha nahIM hotA / jaise - indravAyubhyAm tvA / vAjasaneya saMhitA meM pUrvapadastha vAyu kA udAharaNa nahIM milatA, parantu 10 mai0 saM0 3 | 15 | 11 meM vAyusavitRbhyAm meM bhI dIrghatvAbhAva dekhA jAtA hai / vArtikakAra ne bhI vAjasaneya prAtizAkhya ke anusAra ubhayatra vAyoH pratiSedho vaktavya : ( mahA0 6 | 3 |26 ) kahA hai / parantu mahAbhASya meM agnivAyU vAyvagnI jo udAharaNa darzAye haiM vahAM uttarapadastha vAyu vAlA udAharaNa to ThIka hai, parantu vAyvagnI meM yadi vAyu 15 dIrgha ho bhI jAtA hai taba bhI sandhi kA rUpa yahI hogA / isa se spaSTa hai ki prAtizAkhya sUtra ke anukaraNa para hI vArtika racA gayA hai, parantu jaise vahAM vAyu pUrvapada kA udAharaNa nahIM milatA, isI prakAra bhASyastha udAharaNa meM bhI pratiSedha kA kucha prayojana siddha nahIM hotA / ubhayatra pUrvapadastha vAyu ko dIrgha kA pratiSedha kahanA samAna 20 rUpa se vyartha hai| hAM, pUrva pradarzita udAharaNAntara 'vAyusavitRbhyAm' meM donoM kI upayogitA ho sakatI hai / 5. vArtikakAra ne siddhameDa : sasthAnatvAt vArtika dvArA i u aura e o kA samAna sthAna ( tAlu praura proSTha ) mAnakara e o ke hrasvAdeza meM i u kA svataH prApta honA darzAyA hai / zuklayajuH prAti- 25 zAMkhya ke icazeyAstAlau, uvopopadhmA zroSThe (1 / 66,70) sUtroM meM 'e' kA tAlu aura 'pro' kA proSTha sthAna likhA hai / isa se bhI donoM kA ekatva siddha hotA hai / 6. pANini jahAM samAsAbhAva athavA ekapadatvAbhAva arthAt svatantra aneka pada mAna kara kArya kA vidhAna karatA hai, vahAM vArtika- 30 kAra zuklayajuH prAtizAkhya ke samAna samAsavat athavA ekapadavat mAnakara kArya kA vidhAna karatA haiM / yathA

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326 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ___ ka-pANini tiGi codAttavati (171) meM gati aura tiGpadoM ko pRthak-pRthak do pada mAnakara gati ko anudAtta vidhAna karatA hai, vahAM kAtyAyana udAttagatimatA ca tiGA' (2 / 2 / 18) vArtika dvArA samAsa kA vidhAna karatA hai| ___kha-pANini sarvasya dve, anudAttaM ca (8 / 1 / 1-2) dvArA dvivacana meM donoM ko svatantra pada mAnatA hai, parantu kAtyAyana avyaya ke dvirvacana meM avyayamavyathena' (2 / 2 / 18) vArtika dvArA samAsa kA vidhAna karatA hai| ga-pANini iva zabda ke prayoga meM donoM ko svatantra pada mAnatA 10 hai aura iva ko cAdayo'nudAttAH niyama ke anusAra anudAtta svIkAra karatA hai, parantu kAtyAyana ivena vibhaktayalopaH pUrvapadaprakutisvaratvaM ca (2 / 2 / 18) vArtika dvArA usake samAsa kA vidhAna karatA hai aura pUrvapadaprakRtisvara kA vidhAna karake iva ko anudAttaM padamekavarjama (6 / 1 / 158) niyama se anudAtta mAnatA hai| zuklayajuHprAtizAkhya meM udAttatiGyukta gati (upasarga), dvivacana aura iva pada ke prayoga ko samAsarUpa mAnakara padapATha meM anya samAsoM ke samAna avagraha se nirdeza karane kA vidhAna kiyA hai| yathA anudAttopasarge caakhyaate| 5 / 16 / / upastRNantItyupa stRNanti / avadhAvatItyava dhAvati / ___ ivakArAneDitAyaneSu ca / 5 / 18 // sucIvetinuci iva / prtiprpr| 5. sAyaNa ne apane Rgveda-bhASya kI bhUmikA meM spaSTa rUpa se vArtikakAra kA nAma vararuci likhA hai| DA0 varmA ke mithyA AkSepa aura unakA uttara 25 zrI DA. satyakAma varmA ne apane 'saMskRta vyAkaraNa kA udabhava 1. kinhI saMskaraNoM meM yaha vArtika nahIM milatA / vahAM isakA vyAkhyAna bhAga-'udAttavatA tiDA gatimatA cAvyayaM samasyata iti vaktavyam' vidyamAna hai| 2. isa viSaya meM kIlahAna saMska0 bhAga 1, pRSTha 417 para TippaNI dekheM (tR0 sN0)| 30 3. tasyaitasya vyAkaraNasya prayojanavizeSo vararucinA vAtikakAreNa darzitaH rakSohAgamaladhvasandehA: pryojnm| SaDaGga prakaraNa, pRSTha 25, pUnA saMskaraNa /

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vAttikakAra 327 aura vikAsa' nAmaka grantha (jo prAyaH pAzcAtya vidvAnoM ke matoM kA saMgraha rUpa hai) meM, vArtikakAra kAtyAyana ke prasaGga meM hamane jo sapramANa sthApanAeM kI haiM, unakA sapramANa uttara na dekara pAzcAtya mata ke pravAha meM bahate hue hamAre lekha para jo mithyA AkSepa kiye haiM, unakA uttara bhI hama yahAM prasaGgavaza denA ucita samajhate haiM / 5 varmA jI likhate haiM (ka) mImAMsaka kA yaha anumAna ki vAraruca nirukta-samuccaya kA lekhaka bhI vararuci kAtyAyana thaa| pahalI dhAraNA (aneka kAtyAyana rUpa) kA phira bhI eka bar3A AdhAra hai, jaba ki dUsarI dhAraNA (kAtyAyana ke nAma se nirdiSTa sabhI grantha eka hI vyakti ke haiM) kA 10 utanA bhI AdhAra nhiiN| kAraNa yaha ki ki nirukta-samuccaya kA kartA apane saMrakSaka rAjA aura apane viSaya meM jo paricaya detA hai usa se vaha pataJjali se paravartI siddha hotA hai / (pRSTha 183) uttara-varmA jI kA lekha mithyA hai / maiMne kahIM para bhI niruktasamuccayakAra vararuci kAtyAyana ko vArtikakAra kAtyAyana nahIM 15 khaa| isa ke viparIta vattikAra vararuci ke prasaGga meM maiMne ise vikrama samakAlika hI mAnA hai| maiM svayaM aneka kAtyAyana mAnatA hUM aura una kA nirdeza bhI maiMne isI grantha meM (pRSTha 323) kiyA hai / taba yaha likhanA ki maiM nirukta-samuccayakAra aura vAtikakAra ko eka mAnatA hUM, nitAnta mithyA hai| kisI lekhaka ke lekha ko mithyA rUpa se uddhRta 20 karake usakA khaNDana karanA vidvAnoM ke liye zobhAspada nahIM hai / ___ ukta uddharaNa kA uttarArdha bhI mithyA hai / niruktasamuccayakAra ne apane grantha meM kahIM bhI apane saMrakSaka kA ullekha nahIM kiyA, aura nA hI apanA paricaya diyA hai| niruktasamuccayakAra ne to kevala itanA hI likhA hai 25 yuSmatprasAdAdahaM kSapitasamastakalmaSaH sarvasampatsaMgato dharmAnuSThAnayogyazca jAtaH / niruktasamu0 pRSTha 51, saMska0 2 // isa ke atirikta niruktasamuccaya meM koI bhI saMketa nahIM hai / hama ne vRttikAra vararuci (vikrama samakAlika) ke prasaGga meM isa vacana ko uddhRta karake 'yaha kisI rAjA kA dharmAdhikArI thA', itanA hI 30 likhA hai / hAM, isa arvAcIna vararuci ke anya granthoM ke antyavacanoM

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328 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ke sAtha tulanA karake hamane ise vikrama-samakAlika mAnA hai| (kha) kyA taba niruktasamuccaya kA kartA vararuci, jise mImAMsaka kAtyAyana bhI kahate haiM, isa vArtikakAra se bhinna Thahara sakatA haiM ? jaba ki donoM kA nAma aura vaMza milate haiN| para vahAM ve unake bIca sadiyoM kA vyavadhAna mAnate haiM / (pRSTha 184) uttara-varmA jI ko to yathAkathaMcit yaha siddha karanA hai ki vArtikakAra kAtyAyana utanA prAcIna vyakti nahIM hai, jitanA bhAratIya vAGamaya se siddha hotA hai / vAstavika bAta yaha hai ki itihAsa meM kevala nAma aura vaMza ke sAdRzya se na to ekatA siddha ho 10 sakatI hai, aura na pArthakya kA niSedha kiyA jA sakatA hai| yaha to pAzcAtya matAnuyAyiyoM kI hI haThadharmitA hai ki nAmasAdRzya mAtra se vibhinna vyaktiyoM ko eka banA dete haiM / bauddha granthoM meM AzvalAyana Adi gotranAmavAle vyaktiyoM kA ullekha dekha kara unhoMne inheM hI AzvalAyana Adi zAkhA kA pravaktA mAna liyaa| unakA to yaha 15 duHsAhasa sakAraNa hai / unheM to prAcIna ArSa vAGamaya ko bhI balAt khIMca kara adhika se adhika 1000 IsA pUrva taka lAnA hai| parantu varmA jI ke pAzcAtya mata ke andhAnukaraNa kA prayojana vicAraNIya hai| eka prAcIna vararuci kAtyAyana kA putra hai, aura vaha kAtyAyana yAjJavalkya kA putra hai, yaha maiMne kalpanA se nahIM likhA (pramANa Upara 20 dekheN)| hAM, yAjJavalkya pautra kAtyAyana vararuci ko vArtikakAra siddha karane ke lie maiMne jo aneka pramANa diye haiM, una kI varmA jI ne kucha bhI samIkSA na karake 'taba kyA yaha anivArya hai ki inheM pitA-putra hI svIkAra kiyA jAye ? yaha sambandha tIna cAra pIr3hI ke antara se kyoM nahIM ?' (pRSTha 184), itanA hI likha kara santoSa 25 kiyA hai / itihAsa meM kalpanA kA koI sthAna nahIM / bhAratIya itihAsa ko jAnabUjha kara bhraSTa karane ke liye kalpanA karane kA daSita upakrama to pAzcAtya vidvAnoM ne kiyA hai / varmA jI bhI inhIM ke anugAmI haiN| (ga) isa se pUrva ve (mImAMsaka) svayaM hI vArtikakAra aura 30 prAtizAkhya ke kartA ko eka hI batAkara use pANini kA samakAlika siddha kara cuke haiM / pade pade mata badalane kI apekSA yaha adhika ucita hogA ki ukta donoM ko alaga-alaga hI maaneN| (pRSTha 184)

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vAttikakAra 326 uttara-hameM varmA jI se yaha AzA nahIM thI ki ve kisI kI samIkSA karate hue lekhaka ke abhiprAya vA kathana ko mithyArUpa se uddhRta kreNge| maiMne kahIM bhI vAtikakAra aura prAtizAkhya ke kartA ko eka nahIM likhA / maiMne to spaSTa likhA hai ki vArtikakAra vararuci kAtyAyana (kAtyAyana kA putra) hai, aura prAtizAkhyakAra kAtyAyana 5 yAjJavalkya kA putra hai| yaha to varmA jI kA hI doSa hai, jo pRthakpRthak prasaMgoM ke lekhoM ko lekhaka ke abhiprAya ke viruddha ikaTThA karake udadhata karate haiN| ataH pade pade mata badalane kA doSa mere para thopanA nintAnta mithyA hai| (gha) pAzcarya isa bAta kA hai ki antima bAta ko kahate hue 10 veda-pravaktA, pariziSTa-pravaktA, vAtikakAra aura prAtizAkhyakAra Adi ke rUpa meM prasiddha vyaktiyoM ko eka hI vyakti mAna baiThe haiM / pRSTha 184, 185 / uttara-varmA jI kA yaha lekha bhI mithyA ho hai| maiMne vArtikakAra aura prAtizAkhyakAra ko eka likhA hI nhiiN| donoM meM kramazaH putra- 15 pitA kA sambandha darzAyA hai| aba rahI aneka granthoM ke pravaktA samAna nAmadhArI aneka vyakti haiM vA eka hI vyakti / isa viSaya meM donoM hI bAteM ho sakatI haiMsamAna nAmadhAro bhinna-bhinna vyakti bhI ho sakate haiM aura eka bhii| isa kA nirNaya to aitihAsika tathya para nirbhara hai / pAzcAtya 20 vidvAnoM ne mantrakAla, brAhmaNakAla, sUtrakAla Adi vividha kAloM kI jo kalpanA kI hai, vaha bhAratIya anavicchinna itihAsa ke viparIta hai| hama prathama adhyAya meM hI jaimini aura vAtsyAyana sadaza prApta puruSoM ke vacanoM ke AdhAra para likha cuke haiM ki mantra-brAhmaNa-dharmasUtra evaM Ayurveda ke pravaktA prAyaH eka ho vyakti the| bAdhaka pramANa upasthita 25 na hone para ina prApta puruSoM ke vacanoM ko pramANa mAna kara yadi kAtyAyana-saMhitA kAtyAyana-zatapatha kAtyAyana-zrauta-gRhyasUtra aura prAtizAkhya ke kartA ko eka mAnA hai, to kucha anucita nahIM kiyA hai| kyoMki bhAratIya prAcIna vAGamaya ke pramANoM se isa tathya ko hI pUSTi hotI hai / zrI varmA jo pAzcAtya vidvAnoM para andha vizvAsa 30 karake bhAratIya RSi-muni-prAcAryoM ko 'jhUThA' mAna sakate haiM, para 1. pUrva pRSTha 21-24 /

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330 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa hama apane nIrajastama RSiyoM ko jhUThA mAnane ko taiyAra nhiiN| samasta prAcIna ArSa vAGa maya unhIM nIrajastama Rci-muni-prAcAryoM dvArA prokta hai, jinake viSaya meM AyurvedIya caraka saMhitA meM kahA haiprAptAstAvat rajastamobhyAM nirmuktAstapojAnabalena ye / . yeSAM trikAlamamalaM jJAnamavyAhataM sadA // prAptA; ziSTA vibuddhAste teSAM vAkyamasaMzayam / satyam, vakSyanti te kasmAdasatyaM nIrajastamAH // ' isI prakAra zrI varmA jI ne apane grantha meM anyatra bhI kaI sthAnoM 10 para hamAre lekha ko mithyA rUpa meM uddhRta karake samAlocanA kI hai| una meM se kucha Avazyaka aMzoM kA nirdeza Age tattat prakaraNa meM kreNge| ___ pANini kA ziSya-pUrva pRSTha 201 para likha cuke haiM / ki nAgeza bhaTTa ke matAnusAra vArtikakAra kAtyAyana pANini kA sAkSAt ziSya hai| 15 deza-mahAbhASya paspazAhnika meM 'yathA laukikavaidikeSu' vArtika kI vyAkhyA karate hue likhA hai priyataddhitA dAkSiNAtyAH / yathA loke vede ca prayoktavye yathA laukikavaidikeSu prayuJjate / isase vidita hotA hai ki vAttikakAra kAtyAyana dAkSiNAtya thA / 20 kathAsaritsAgara meM vAttikakAra kAtyAyana ko kauzAmbI kA nivAsI likhA hai, vaha pramANamUta pataJja la ke vavana se viruddha hone ke kAraNa apramANa hai| sambhava hai uttarakAlIna vararuci kAtyAyana kauzAmbI kA nivAsI rahA ho / nAma-sAdRzya se kathAsaritsAgara ke nirdeza meM bhUla huI hogii| 25 skanda purANa ke anusAra yAjJavalkya kA prAzrama Anarta=gujarAta meM thaa| sambhava hai yAjJavalkya ke mithilA cale jAne para usakA putra 1. caraka, sUtrasthAna 11 / 18, 16 // 2. mahAbhASya a0 1, pAda 1 prA0 1 // 3. dr0-1| 3 tathA 4 // 4. nAgara khaNDa 174155 // 5. isa lekha para DA0 varmA ne Apatti kI hai-'mithili kI yaha jidda 30.

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vAttikakAra 331 kAtyAyana mahArASTra kI ora calA gayA ho / aura usakA pautra vAttikakAra vararuci kAtyAyana dAkSiNa meM hI rahatA rahA ho| anya pramANa-vAttikakAra ke dAkSiNAtya hone meM eka anya pramANa bhI hai| hamane pANinIya sUtrapATha dhAtupATha aura uNAdipAThoM ke prakaraNa meM likhA hai ki ina granthoM ke dAkSiNAtya audIcya aura 5 prAcya tIna prakAra ke pATha the| inameM prathama do pATha laghupATha haiM, aura prAcya pATha vRddhapATha hai / kAtyAyanIya vArtika aSTAdhyAyI ke laghupATha para hI likhe gaye haiM, yaha vAttikapATha kI pANinIya sUtrapATha ke laghuvRddha pAThoM kI tulanA se spaSTa hai / yadyapi dAkSiNAtya aura praudIcya donoM pATha laghu haiM, tathApi donoM meM kucha antara bhI hai / vAttikapATha ke 10 aSTAdhyAyI ke laghupATha para Azrita hone se bhI vAttikakAra kA dAkSiNAtyatva sutarAM siddha hai| DA0 satyakAma varmA ne bebara maiksamUlara aura golDasTukara ke matAnusAra use prAgdezIya mAnA hai| varmA jI ne bhASyakAra ke kathana kI saMgati lagAne ke liye kAtyAyana gotra ko dAkSiNAtya svIkAra 15 karake bhI vAttikakAra ko prAcya mAnane kA prAgraha kiyA hai| hama bebara Adi ke sAdhyasama hetvAbhAsoM ke AdhAra para unheM prAcya mAne yA bhASyakAra ke kathana ko prAmANika mAne, yaha vicAraNIya hai| yataH varmA jI kA etadgrantha-viSayaka sArA cintana sva-jJAna ke abhAva meM pAzcAtya mata para Azrita hai, ataH ve unake mata ko chor3ane meM asamartha 20 kyoM ? vaideha janaka ke sAtha upaniSad aura AraNyakakAra yAjJavalkya ke sAnnidhya ke kAraNa ? to kyA ve yaha mAnate haiM ki vaideha janaka bhI mahAbhArata se kucha pahale hI hue ? kyA sacamuca yAjJavalkya aneka nahIM hue ? (saM0 vyA0 kA udbhava aura vikAsa, pRSTha 186)' / balihArI hai varmA jI ke jJAna kI ! yadi bhAratIya itihAsa thor3A sA bhI par3hA hotA, to unheM jJAta ho jAtA ki 'janaka' nAma eka vyakti kA nahIM hai, kula kA nAma hai, aura vaideha dezaja vizeSaNa hai| unhoMne sambhavata: upaniSad meM ullikhita vaideha janaka ko sItA ke pitA hI samajhA hai / unheM mAlUma honA cAhie ki upaniSat meM zruta vaideha janaka kA svanAma nimi thA aura sItA ke pitA kA nAma sIradhvaja thaa| aitihAsika tathya kA jJAna na hone se ulaTe yAjJavalkya kI anekatA mAna baiThe / jabaki sampUrNa bhAratIya itihAsa meM dUsare yAjJavalkya kA kahIM bhI koI saMketa nahIM hai| .

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kAtyAyana kI prAmANikatA - pataJjali ne kAtya ( kAtyAyana ) ke liye 'bhagavAn' zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai|' isa se vArtikakAra kI prAmANikatA spaSTa hai / nyAsakAra bhI likhatA hai - 332 etacca kAtyAyanaprabhRtInAM pramANabhUtAnAM vacanAd vijJAyate / ' kAtyAyanavacanaprAmANyAd ghAtutvaM veditavyam / kAtyAyana aura zabarasvAmI - aise pramANabhUta AcArya ke viSaya meM mImAMsAbhASyakAra zabarasvAmI likhatA hai... sadvAditvAt pANinevacanaM pramANam, zrasadvAditvAnna kAtyAyanasya / * zabarasvAmI kA kAtyAyana ke liye "prasadvAdI" zabda kA prayoga 10 karanA cintya hai / 30 zabara ke doSAropaNa kA kAraNa - zabara ne vArttikakAra kAtyAyana ke liye jo 'asadvAdI' vizeSaNa kA prayoga kiyA hai, usakA kAraNa sambhavataH yaha hai ki zabara ne kAtyAyana ke prakRta vArtika kA abhiprAya nahIM samajhA / athavA dUsarA kAraNa yaha ho sakatA hai ki mahAbhASya 15 ( 1 / 1 / 73 ) meM jihvAkAtya pada kA nirdeza milatA hai, aura nyAsakAra zrAdi isakA artha jihvAcapalaH kAtyaH karate haiM / jaina zAkaTAyana 2 / 4 / 2 kI vyAkhyA meM bhI yahI artha likhA hai / saMbhavata: isa cApalya se prabhAvita hokara zabara ne kAtyAyana ko prasadvAdI kahA ho / kAtyAyana kA jihvAcApalya = AvazyakatA se adhika kahane kA 20 svabhAva usake vArtikoM se bhI vyakta hotA hai / kAla yadi hamArA pUrva vicAra ThIka ho, arthAt vAtikakAra yAjJavalkya kA pautra ho, to vArtikakAra pANini se kucha uttaravartI hogA / yadi vaha pANini kA sAkSAt ziSya ho, jaisA ki pUrva likha cuke haiM, to vaha pANini kA samakAlika hogA / ataH vArtikakAra kAtyAyana kA kAla vikrama se lagabhaga 2600 - 3000 varSa pUrva hai / 25 1. provAca bhagavAn kAtyaH 3 203 // 2. nyAsa 6 / 3 50, bhAga 2, pRSTha 453, 454 // 3. nyAsa 3|1|35, bhAga 1, pRSTha 527 / 4. mImAMsAbhASya 10|8|4||

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vAttikakAra Adhunika aitihAsikoM kI bhUla-aneka Adhunika aitihAsika 'vahInarasyed vacanam" vArtika meM 'vahInara' zabda kA prayoga dekhakara vAtikakAra kAtyAyana ko udayanaputra vahInara se arvAcIna mAnate haiM, parantu yaha mata sarvathA ayukta hai / vaihinari atyanta prAcIna vyakti haiN| isakA ullekha baudhayana zrautasUtra ke pravarAdhyAya (3) meM milatA 5 hai / vahAM use bhRgavaMzya kahA hai / matsya purANa 164 / 16 meM bhI bhRguvaMzya vaihinari kA ullekha hai / vahAM usakA apanA nAma 'virUpAkSa' likhA hai / mahAbhASyakAra ne uparyukta vArtika kI vyAkhyA meM likhA hai kuNaravADavastvAha naiSa vahInaraH kartAha ? vihInara eSaH / 10 vihIno naraH kAmabhogAbhyAm / vihInarasyApatyaM vaihonriH| arthAt vahInari prayoga vahInara se nahIM banA, isakI prakRti vihInara hai| kAmabhoga se rahita =vihInara kA putra hinari hai| isa vArtika meM udayanaputra vahInara kA nirdeza nahIM ho sktaa| kyoMki unake mata' meM udayanaputra vahInara bhI mahAbhASyakAra se kucha zatAbdI 15 pUrvavartI hai| ata: nizcaya hI pataJjali ko udayanaputra kA vAstavika nAma jJAta rahA hogaa| aisI avasthA meM vaha kuNaravADava kI vyutpatti ko kabhI svIkara na karatA / kuNaravADava ke 'kAma bhoga se vihIna' artha se pratIta hotA hai ki vaihInari kA pitA RSi thA, rAjA nahIM / vaihInari pada kI vyutpatti 'vahInara' aura 'vihInara' do padoM se darzAI 20 hai| isase pratIta hotA ki vahInara aura vihInara donoM nAma eka hI vyakti ke the / vahInara vAstavika nAma thA, aura vihInara vihIno naraH kAmabhogAbhyam nirdezAnusAra aupAdhika / apatyArthaka zabdoM ke prayoga aneka bAra aprasiddha zabdoM se niSpanna hote haiM / yathA vyAsapatra zaka ke lie vaiyAsaki kA sambandha aprasiddha vyAsaka prakRti ke 25 sAtha hai, prasiddha zabda vyAsa ke sAtha nahIM hai / jisa prakAra kAtyAyana paatth| 1. mahAbhASya 7 / 3 / 1 // 2. dekho pUrva pRSTha 146 Ti0 3 meM uddhRta 3. vaihinarivirUpAkSo rauhityAyanireva ca / 4. 'vihIna' zabda se matvarthIya 'ra' pratyaya, aSTA0 5 / 2 / 100 / 5. arthAt pAzcAtyo ke mata meM / hamAre mata meM mahAbhASyakAra udayanaputra 30 vahInara se pUrvavartI haiN| isake liye mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali kA prakaraNa dekheM /

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334 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ne vaiyAsaki pada kA sambandha vyAsa se jor3a kara 'akaGa' kA vidhAna kiyA, usI prakAra vaihInari kA bhI vahInara se sambandha vyakta karake ittva kA vidhAna kiyA hai| parantu jaise pataJjali ne vaiyAsaki kI mUla prakRti vyAsaka batAI, usI prakAra kuNaravADava ne bhI vahInari 5 kI mUla prakRti vihInara kI ora saMketa kiyaa| ___ isa vivecanA se spaSTa hai ki ukta vArtika ke pramANa se vAttikakAra kAtyAyana aura kuNaravADava donoM udayanaputra vahInara se arvAnahIM ho sakate / kathAsaritsAgara Adi meM ullikhita zratadhara kAtyAyana vAttikakAra kAtyAyana se bhinna vyakti hai| - vArtika pATha kAtyAyana kA vAttikapATha pAginoya vyAkaraNa kA eka atyanta mahattvapUrNa aGga hai| isa ke vinA pANinIya vyAkaraNa adhUrA rahatA hai / pataJjali ne kAtyAyanIya vAttikoM ke AdhAra para apanA mahA bhASya racA hai| kAtyAyana kA vAttika-pATha svatantrarUpa meM samprati 15 upalabdha nahIM hotA / mahAbhASya se bhI kAtyAyana ke vatikoM kI nizcita saMkhyA pratIta nahIM hotI hai, kyoMki usa meM bahatra anya vAtikakAroM ke vacana bhI saMgrahIta haiN| mahAbhASyakAra ne 4-5 ko chor3akara kisI ke nAma kA nirdeza nahIM kiyaa| prayama vAtika-Adhunika vaiyAkaraNa 'siddha zabdArthasambandhe" 20 ko kAtyAyana kA prathama vAtika samajhate haiM, yaha unakI bhUla hai / isa bhUla kA kAraNa bhI vahI hai, jo hamane pRSTha 230 para pANinIya Adima sUtra ke sambandha meM darzAyA hai| mahAbhASya meM likhA hai___ mAGgalika prAcAryo mahataH zAstraughasya maGgalArtha siddhazabda mAditaH prayuGkte / 25 hamArA vicAra hai yahAM bho 'prAdi' pada mukhyArtha kA vAcaka nahIM hai| kAtyAyana kA prathama vArtika 'rakSohAgamaladhvasandehA: prayojanam hai| isameM nimna pramANa haiM 1. mahAbhASya 'atha zabdA0' bhAga 1, pRSTha 6 / 2. dra0 pUrva pRSTha 317 / 3. mahAbhASya 'atha zabdA0' bhAga 1, pRSTha 6, 7 / 20 4. mahAbhASya 'atha zabdA0' bhAga 1, pRSTha 1 /

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vArtikakAra 335 1-sAyaNa apane RgbhASya ke upodghAta meM likhatA hai tasyatasya vyAkaraNasya prayojanavizeSo vararucinA vArtike darzitaH-rakSohAgamaladhvasandehAH prayojanam iti / etAni rakSAdIni prayojanAni prayojanAntarANi ca mahAbhASye pataJjalinA spamTIkRtAni / ' __arthAt vararuci kAtyAyana ne vyAkaraNAdhyayana ke prayojana 'rakSohAgama' Adi vAttika meM darzAye haiM / 2-vyAkaraNAdhyayana ke prayojanoM kA anvAkhyAna karake patajali ne likhA hai evaM vipratipannabuddhibhyo'dhyetRbhyaH suhRd bhUtvA'cArya idaM zAstra- 10 manvAcaSTe, imAni prayojanAnyadhyeyaM vyAkaraNam iti / . yahAM AcArya pada nizcaya hI kAtyAyana kA vAcaka hai, aura idaM zAstraM kA artha vArtikAnvAkhyAna zAstra hI hai| prAcArya pada mahAbhASya meM kevala pANini aura kAtyAyana ke lie hI prayukta hotA hai, yaha hama pUrva' kaha cuke haiM / yadi vyAkaraNAdhyayana ke prayojanoM kA 15 nirdezaka rakSohAgamalaghvasandehAH prayojanam vArtikakAra kA na mAnA jAye, to yaha prAcArya pada bhASyakAra kA bodhaka hogaa| to kyA bhASyakAra apane liye svayaM prAcArya pada kA prayoga kara rahe haiM ? 3-mahAbhASya ke isa prakaraNa kI tulanA 'viGati ca" sUtra ke mahAbhASya se kI jAye, to spaSTa pratIta hotA hai ki rakSAdi pAMca 20 prayojana vArtikakAra dvArA kathita haiM, aura 'imAni ca bhUyaH" vAkyanirdiSTa 13 prayojana bhASyakAra dvArA pratipAdita haiN| 'kGiti ca' sUtra para prayojanavAttika isa prakAra hai-viGati pratiSedhe tannimittagrahaNamupadhAroravItyartham / mahAbhASyakAra ne isa vAttika meM nirdiSTa prayojanoM kI vyAkhyA 25 karake likhA hai-imAni ca bhUyaH tannimittagrahaNasya prayojanAni / 1. SaDaGga prakaraNa, pRSTha 26, pUnA saMska0 / tulanA karo-kAtyAyano'pi vyAkaraNaprojanAnyudAjahAra-rakSohAgamaladhvasaMdehAH prayojanam / te0 saM0 sAyaNabhASya, bhAga 1 pRSTha 30 / 2. mahA0 111 // prA0 1 // 3. pUrva pRSTha 226 / 4. aSTA0 131 // 5 // 30 5. mahAbhASya 'atha zabdA0' bhAga 1, pRSTha 2 / /

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336 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ina donoM sthaloM para 'imAni ca bhUya: ' "prayojanAni' pada samAna lekhanazailI ke nirdezaka haiM / aura donoM sthaloM para 'imAni ca bhUya:' vAkyanirdiSTa prayojana mahAbhASyakAra pradarzita haiM, yaha sarvasammata hai / isI prakAra kGiti ca sUtra ke prAraMmbhika do prayojana 5 vArtikakAra nirdiSTa haiM, yaha bhI nirvivAda hai / ataH usI zailI se likhe hue 'rakSohAgama' Adi vAkya nirdiSTa pAMca prayojana niHsandeha kAtyAyana ke samajhane cAhiye / isalie kAtyAyana ke vArtika-pATha kA prArambha - ' rakSohAgamalaghvasandehAH prayojanam' se hI hotA hai / DA0 satyakAma varmA dvArA hamArA zrasatya ullekha - varmA jI ne 10 apanI pustaka ke pRSTha 180 para likhA hai - 'paramparA se kAtyAyana praNIta rUpa meM mAnya 'siddhe zabdArthasabandhe' para zrI mImAMsaka jI Apatti uThAte haiM ki yaha vArttika kAtyAyana kA nahIM hai / aura yathA laukikavaidikeSu ko ve kAtyAyana kA prathama vArtika siddha karane kA prayAsa karate haiN......|' pAThaka svayaM vicAroM ki hamane siddhe zabdArtha - 15 sambandhe vArttika kAtyAyana kA nahIM hai, aura yathA laukikavedikeSu usa kA prathama vArttika hai, yaha kahAM likhA hai ? hamane to itanA hI nirdeza kiyA hai ki siddhe zabdArthasaMbandhe kAtyAyana kA prathama vArtika nahIM haiM, apitu usase pUrvapaThita rakSohAgamalabhvasandehAH prayojanam prathama vArttika hai / varmA jI ne isI prakAra bahuta sthAnoM para hamAre 20 nAma se mithyA bAteM likhakara hamArA khaNDana karake apane pANDitya kA DiNDimaghoSa karane kI anArtha ceSTA kI hai / 1 mahAbhASya vyAkhyAta vAttika zraneka zrAcAryoM ke haiM meM jitane vArtika vyAkhyAta haiM, ve saba kAtyAyanamahAbhASya viracita nahIM haiM / pataJjali ne aneka prAcAryoM ke upayogI vacanoM 25 kA saMgraha apane grantha meM kiyA hai, kucha sthAnoM para pataJjali ne vibhinna vArtikakAroM ke nAmoM kA ullekha kiyA hai, parantu aneka sthAnoM para nAmanirdeza kiye binA hI anya AcAryoM ke vArtika uddhRta kiye haiM / yathA 1 - mahAbhASya 6 / 1 / 144 meM eka vArtika par3hA haiM - samo hita30 tayorvA lopaH / yahAM vArtikakAra ke nAma kA ullekha na hone se yaha kAtyAyana kA vArtika pratIta hotA hai / parantu 'sarvAdIni sarvanAmAni " aSTA0 1|1|27|

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vArtikakAra 337 sUtra ke bhASya se vidita hotA hai ki yaha vacana anya vaiyAkaraNoM kA hai| vahAM spaSTa likhA-ihAnye vaiyAkaraNAH samastate vibhASA lopamArabhante-samo hitatatayorvA iti / 2-mahAbhASya 4 / 1 / 15 meM vArtika par3hA hai-nsnjiikklyu| staruNatalunAnAmupasaMkhyAnam / yahAM bhI vArtikakAra ke nAma kA nirdeza 5 na hone se yaha kAtyAyana kA vacana pratIta hotA hai, parantu mahAbhASya 312156 tathA 4 / 1187 meM ise saunAgoM kA vArtika kahA hai| isa viSaya para adhika vicAra hamane isa adhyAya ke anta meM 'mahAbhASyastha vArtikoM para eka dRSTi' prakaraNa meM kiyA hai / anya grantha 10 svargArohaNa kAvya-mahAbhASya 4 / 3 / 101 meM vAraruca kAvya kA ullekha milatA hai| vararuci kAtyayanagotra kA hone se use bhI kAtyAyana kahA jAtA hai / yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiM / mahArAja samudragupta ne kRSNacarita ke munikavivarNana meM likhA hai-- yaH svargArohaNaM kRtvA svargamAnItavAn bhuvi / kAvyena rucireNaiva khyAto vararuciH kaviH // na kevalaM vyAkaraNaM pupoSa dAkSIsutasyeritavAtikaryaH / kAvye'pi bhUyo'nucakAra taM vai kAtyAyano'sau kavikarmadakSaH // arthAt-jo svarga meM jAkara (zleSa se svargArohaNa-saMjJaka kAvya racakara) svarga ko pRthivI para le AyA, vaha vararuci apane manohara 20 kAvya se vikhyAta hai / usa mahAkavi kAtyAyana ne kevala pANinIya vyAkaraNa ko hI apane vArtikoM se puSTa nahIM kiyA, apitu kAvyaracanA meM bhI usI kA anukaraNa kiyA hai| * yahAM samudragupta ne bhI donoM nAmoM se eka hI vyakti ko smaraNa kiyA hai| ___ kAtyAyana ke svargArohaNa kAvya kA ullekha jalhaNakRta sUktimuktAvalI meM bhI milatA hai| usameM rAjazekhara ke nAma se nimna zloka uddhRta hai yathArthatAM kathaM nAmni mA bhUd vararuceriha / vyavatta kaNThAbharaNaM yaH sadArohaNapriyaH //

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338 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa isa zloka ke caturtha caraNa kA pATha kucha vikRta hai / vahAM 'sadArohaNapriyaH' ke sthAna meM 'svargArohaNapriyaH' pATha honA cAhiye / AcArya vararuci ke aneka zloka zAGgagharapaddhati, saduktikarNAmRta, aura subhASimuktAvalI Adi aneka granthoM meM upalabdha hote haiN| ___kAtyAyana muni viracita kAvya ke liye isa grantha kA 'kAvyazAstrakAra vaiyAkaraNa kavi' nAmaka 30vAM adhyAya dekhiye| 2. bhrAja-saMjJaka zloka-mahAbhASya a0 1, pAda 1, Ahnika 1 meM 'bhrAjasaMjJaka' zlokoM kA ullekha milatA hai|' kaiyaTa, haradatta, aura nAgeza bhaTTa Adi kA mata hai ki bhrAjasaMjJaka zloka vArtikakAra 10 kAtyAyana kI racanA haiM / ye zloka isa samaya aprApya haiN| ina zlokoM meM se 'yastu prayuGkte kuzalo vizeSe0' zloka pataJjali ne mahAbhASya meM uddhRta kiyA hai', aisA TIkAkAroM kA mata hai| anya zloka-mahAbhASyapradIpa 3 / 1 / 1 meM paThita 'arthavizeSa upAdhiH' zloka bhI bhrAjAntargata hai / aisA paM0 rAmazaMkara bhaTTAcArya 15 kA mata hai| 3. chandaHzAstra vA sAhitya-zAstra-kAtyAyana ne koI chanda:zAstra athavA sAhitya-zAstra kA grantha bhI likhA thaa| isake lie isI grantha ke adhyAya 30 meM kAtyAyana ke prasaMga meM abhinava gupta kA uddharaNa dekheN| 20 4. smRti-SaDguru-ziSya ne kAtyAyana smRti aura bhrAjasaMjJaka zlokoM kA kartA vArtikakAra ko mAnA hai| vartamAna meM jo kAtyAyana 1. kva punaridaM paThitam ? bhrAjA nAma zlokAH / 2. kAtyAyanopanibaddhabhrAjAkhyazlokamadhyapaThitasya ...... / mahAbhASyapradIya, navAhnika, nirNayasAgara saM0, pRSTha 34 / 3. kAtyAyanapraNIteSu 25 bhrAjAkhyazlokeSu madhye paThito'yaM zlokaH / padamaJjarI bhAga 1, pRSTha 10 / ___ 4. bhrAjA nAma kAtyAyanapraNItAH zlokA ityaahuH| mahAbhASyapradIpodyota, navAhnika, nirNayasAgara saM0, pRSTha, 33 / 5. mahAbhASya prathamAhnika / 6. dra0-pUnA poriyaNTalisTa, bhAga xiii meM rAmazaMkara bhaTTAcArya kA lekha / 7. smRtezca kartA zlokAnAM bhrAjanAmnAM ca kArakaH / nidAnasUtra kI 30 bhUmikA pRSTha 27 para uddhRta (lAhaura saMska0)

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vAttikakAra .. 336 smRti upalabdha hotI hai, vaha saMbhavataH arvAcIna hai / isa kA mUla koI prAcIna kAtyAyana smRti rahI hogii| 5. sAmudrika grantha-zArIrika lakSaNoM ke AdhAra para zubhAzubha kA nidarzana karAne vAlA zAstra 'sAmudrikazAstra' kahAtA hai| isI ko 'aGgavidyA' bhI kahA jAtA hai / yaha vidyA bhI atiprAcIna 5 kAla se labdhAspada hai| (dra0-pUrva pRSTha 286) / rAmAyaNa vAlakANDa sarga 1 zloka 6 kI rAmAyaNa kI tilakaTIkA meM tathA coktaM vararucinA' nirdeza karake isa zAstra kA eka vacana udbata hai| govindarAjIya TIkA meM zloka 11 kI vyAkhyA meM bhI 'tatroktaM vararucinA' nirdeza pUrvaka eka vacana nirdiSTa hai| zloka 10 kI rAmAyaNa tilaka- 10 TIkA meM isI zAstra kA eka vacana uddhRta karake 'iti kAtyAyanaH kA nirdeza hai / ina se vidita hotA hai ki vaNaruci kAtyAyana kA sAmudrika vidyA para bhI koI grantha thA / ... yadi saMkhyA 4-5 ke grantha Adi vAtikakAra vararuci kAtyAyana ke na hoM, to ve vikramakAlIna vararuci kAtyAyana ke hoNge| 6. ubhayasArikA-bhANa-madrAsa se caturbhANI prakAzita huI hai| usa meM vararucikRta 'ubhayasArikA' nAmaka eka bhANa chapA hai| usake anta meM likhA hai iti zrImadvararucimunikRtirubhayasArikAnAmabhANaH samAptaH / isa vAkya meM yadyapi vararuci kA vizeSaNa 'muni' likhA hai, 20 tathApi yaha vArtikakAra vararucikRta pratIta nahIM hotA / mahAbhASya paspazAhnika meM vArtikakAra ko taddhitapriya' likhA hai, paranta ubhayasArikA meM taddhitapriyatA upalabdha nahIM hotI / usameM taddhitaprayoga atyalpa haiM, kRtprayogoM kA bAhulya hai / ataH 'kRtprayogarucaya udIcyA:" isa niyama ke anusAra uparyukta bhANa kA kartA koI audIcya kavi 25 hai| sambhava hai yaha bhANa vikramakAlika vararuci kavi kRta ho| aneka grantha -aAphekTa kRta bRhad hastalekha-sUcIpatra meM kAtyAyana tathA vararuci ke nAma se aneka grantha uddhRta haiN| unameM se kitane grantha vArtikakAra kAtyAyana kRta haiM, yaha abhI nizcetavya hai / hameM unameM adhika grantha vikramakAlika vararucikRta pratIta hote haiN| 1. pRSTha 330 para uddhRta vacana / 2. kAvyamImAMsA pRSTha 22 /

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340 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 2. bhAradvAja bhagavAn pataJjali ne bhAradvAjIya vArtikoM kA ullekha mahAbhASya meM aneka sthAnoM para kiyA hai| ye vArtika pANinIyASTaka para hI race gaye the, yaha bAta mahAbhASya meM uddhRta bhAradvAjIya vArtikoM ke 5 sUkSma paryavekSaNa se spaSTa ho jAtI hai|' __ bhAradvAjIya vArtika kAtyAyanIya vArtikoM se kucha vistRta the| yathA kAtyA0-ghusaMjJAyAM prakRtigrahaNaM zidaryam / ' bhAra0-ghusaMjJAyAM prakRtigrahaNaM zidvikRtArtham / kAtyA0-yakciNoH pratiSedhe hetumaNidhinAmupasaMkhyAnam / / bhAra0-yakciNoH pratiSedhe NiprinyigranthibajAmAtmanepadAkarmakANAmupasaMkhyAnam / ina bhAradvAjIya vAtikoM kA racayitA kauna bhAradvAja hai, kaha ajJAta hai / yadi ye vArtika pANinIya vyAkaraNa para nahIM likhe gaye 15 hoM, to avazya hI pUrvanirdiSTa bhAradvAja vyAkaraNa para rahe hoNge| parantu bhAradvAjIya vArtikoM ko bhAradvAja vyAkaraNa ke sAtha saMmbandha mAnane para 'bhAradvAjIya' meM proktArtha meM pratyaya na hokara 'pANinIya-vAttika' ke samAna saMbandha meM hogaa| bhASyakAra kI zailI ke anusAra yahAM proktArtha meM 'cha' (Iya) pratyaya hai / yathA kroSTrIyAH paThanni (mahA0 21113) meM 20 'cha' aura saunAgAH paThanti (mahA0 4 / 3 / 124) meM 'aNa' proktArtha meM hai| ataH bhAradvAjIya vAttika nizcaya hI pANinIya vyAkaraNa para likhe gaye the| 1. mahAbhASya 131320, 56 // 1 / 2 / 22 // 23 // 67 // 3 // 1138, 48, 25 86 // 41176 // 6 / 4 / 47, 155 // 2. bhAradvAjIyAH paThinta-nityamakittvamiDAdyoH, ktvAgrahaNamuttarArtham / mahAbhASya 12 / 22 // nyAsakAra likhatA hai-pUGacetyatra sUtre dvayovibhASayomadhye ye vidhayaste nityA bhavantIti manyamAnairbhAradvAjIyaridamuktam-nityamakittvamiDAdyoriti / bhAga 1, pRSTha 161 / bhAradvAjIyAH paThanti-bhrasjo ropadhayorlopaH, pAgamo ram vighyte| mahAbhASya 6 / 4 / 47 // 3. mahAbhASya 11 // 20 // 4. mahAbhASya 3 // 18 //

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vAttikakAra 3. sunAga mahAbhASya meM aneka sthAnoM para saunAga vAtika uddhRta hai|' haradatta ke lekhAnusAra ina vAkioM ke racayitA kA nAma sunAga thaa|' kaiyaTa viracita mahAbhASyapradIpa 2 / 2 / 18 se vidita hotA hai ki sunAga prAcArya kAtyAyana se arvAcIna hai| saunAga vArtika aSTAdhyAyI para the mahAbhASya 4 / 3 / 155 se pratIta hotA hai ki saunAga vArtika pANinIya aSTaka para race gaye the| pataJjali meM likhA hai-'iha hi sonAgAH paThanti-vuazcAJkRtaprasaMgaH / isa para kaiyaTa likhatA haipANinIyalakSaNe doSodbhAvanametat / isI prakAra pataJjali ne 'promAGozcaH' sUtrastha cakAra kA pratyAkhyAna karake likhA hai-evaM hi sonAgAH paThanti-co'narthako'bikArAdeGaH / zrI paM0 gurupada hAladAra ne sunAga ko pANini se pUrvavartI mAnA hai| unakA mata ThIka nahIM hai, yaha uparyukta udghAraNoM se spaSTa hai / 15 hAladAra mahodaya ne sunAga AcArya ko nAgavaMzIya likhA hai, vaha sambhavataH nAmasAdRzya mUlaka hai| saunAga vArtikoM kA svarUpa saunAga vArtika kAtyAyanIya vArtikoM kI apekSA bahuta vistRta haiM / ata eva mahAbhASya 2 / 2 / 18 meM kAtyAyanIya vArtika kI vyAkhyA 20 ke anantara pataJjali ne likhA hai-etadeva ca saunAgaivistaratarakeNa paThitam / __ mahAbhASya 4 / 1 / 15 meM likhA hai-atyalpamidamucyate-khyuna iti / nasnamokaklyuMstaruNatalunAnAmupasaMkhyAnam / - yadyapi mahAbhASya meM yahAM 'nasna' Adi vArtikoM ke kartA kA 25 nAma nahIM likhA, tathApi mahAbhASya 3 / 2 / 56 tathA 4 / 1 / 87 meM ise 1. mahAbhASya 2 / 2 / 18 / / 3 / 2 / 56 // 4 / 1 / 74, / 87 // 4 / 3 / 15 / / * 61165 / 6 / 3 // 43 // 2. sunAgasyAcAryasya ziSyAH sonAgAH / padamaJjarI 71217; bhAga 2, pRSTha 761 / 3. kAtyAyanAbhiprAyameva pradarzayitu saunAgarativistareNa paThitamityartha, / 3. 4. mahAbhASya 6 / 1 / 95 // 5. vyAka0 darza0 itihAsa, pRSTha 445 /

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pUrvokta uddhAraNoM se spaSTa hai ki saunAga vArtika kAtyAyanIya vArtikoM se atyadhika vistRta the / mahAbhASya 4 | 1 | 15 meM 'atyalpa - midamucyate' likha kara uddhRta kiyA huA vArtika saunAgoM kA hai, yaha pUrva lekha se spaSTa hai / mahAbhASya meM aneka sthAnoM para 'pratyalpamidamucyate' likhakara kAtyAyanIya vArtikoM se vistRta vArtika uddhRta kiye haiM / " bahuta sambhava hai ve saba saunAga vArtika hoM / 10 zRGgAraprakAza meM mahAvAtikakAra ke nAma se mahAbhASya 2 / 1151 meM paThita ekavArtika uddhRta hai / hamArA mata hai ki yaha mahAvArtikakAra saunAga hai / 5 342 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa saunAgoM kA vArtika kahA hai / ataH yaha saunAga vArtika hai, yaha spaSTa hai | yaha vArtika bhI kAtyAyanIya vArtika se bahuta vistRta haiM / mahAbhASyasya saunAga vArtikoM kI pahacAna mahAbhASya 4 2 65 meM mahAvArtika ke adhyetAoM ke lie prayujyamAna mAhAvAtika pada kA nirdeza milatA hai| ye mahAvArtika 15 sambhavataH saunAga ke vArtika hI haiN| saunAga mata kA anyatra ullekha 20 6 mahAbhASya ke atirikta bhartRhari kI mahAbhASya TIkA kAzikA, bhASAvRtti kSIrataraGgiNI, dhAtuvRtti tathA mallavAdikRta dvAdazAra 1. evaM hi sonAgAH paThanti -- nasnIka0 / 2. mahAbhASya 2/4/46 || 3|1|14, 22, 25, 67 / 3 / 2 / 26 ityAdi // 3. nanu ca dvandvatatpuruSayoruttarapade nityasamAsavacana miti mAhAvArtikakAraH paThati / zRGgAraprakAza, pRSTha 26 / 4. iha mA bhUta - mAhAvArtikaH / 5. naiva saunAgadarzanamAzrIyate / hastalekha, pRSTha 31; pUnA saM0 pR0 231 6. saunAgAH karmaNi niSThAyAM zakeriTamicchanti vikalpena, 1 7 / 2 / 17 / / * 25 7. niSThAyAM karmaNi zakeriD veti saunAgAH / 7 / 2 / 17 // 8. dhAtUnAmarthanirdezo'yaM pradarnanArtha iti saunAgAH / yadAhu:--kriyAvAcitvamAkhyAtumeko'trArthaH pradarzitaH / prayogato'nugantavyA anekArthA hi ghAtavaH / / dekho madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha puskAlaya kA sUcIpatra, pRSTha 1846 / romanAkSaroM meM mudrita jarmana saMskaraNa meM 'ghAtUnA yadAhuH' pATha nahIM hai / 'kriyAvAcitvamAkhyAtum' zloka cAndradhAtupATha ke anta meM bhI milatA hai / dra0-kSIrata/ 30 GgiNI pR0 3, hamArA saMska0 / 6. zaka dhAtu pRSTha 301, as dhAtu pRSTha 307, zakla dhAtu pRSTha 316 /

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vArtikakAra nayacakra kI siMhasUri gaNi kI TIkA' Adi granthoM meM saunAga ke aneka mata uddhRta haiN| 343 4. kroSTA isa AcArya ke vArtika kA ullekha mahAbhASya 1 / 1 / 3 meM kevala 5 eka sthAna para milatA hai / pataJjali likhatA hai - paribhASAntaramiti ca kRtvA kroSTrIyAH paThanti - niyamAdiko guNavRddhI bhavato vipratiSedhene / isa uddharaNa se yaha spaSTa hai ki kroSTrIya vArtika pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI para hI the / kroSTrIya vArtikoM kA ullekha anyatra nahIM 10 milatA / 5. vADava (kuNaravADava ? ) mahAbhASya 8 / 2 / 106 meM likhA hai - praniSTijJo vADava: paThati 1 isa para nAgeza bhaTTa mahAbhASya pradIpodyota meM likhatA - siddhaM tvidi- 15 toriti vArtikaM vADavasya / isa vArtikakAra ke saMbadha meM isase adhika kucha jJAna nahIM / kyA vADava aura kuravADava eka hai ? mahAbhaSya 3 / 2 / 14 meM likhA hai- kuNaravADavastvAha--naiSA zaMkarA, zaMgareSA, / guNAtiH zabdakarmA 20 tasyaiva prayogaH / punaH mahAbhASya 7 / 3 / 1 meM likhA hai kRNaravADavastvAha- naiSa vahInaraH, kastahi ? vihInara eSaH / vihIno nara, kAmabhogAbhyAm / vihInarasyAtyaM vaihinariH / 1. SThivisivyolyuT parayordIrghatvaM vaSTi bhAguriH / karoteH karttRbhAve ca 25 sonAgA hi pracakSate / bhAga 1, pRSTha 41, bar3odA saM0 / 2. bhASya, yakRta pradIya Adi granthoM ke paryAlocana ke hameM 'tatrAyatheSTa prasaMga:' vArtika vADava AcArya kA pratIta hotA hai /

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa- zAstra kA itihAsa mahAbhASya ke ina uddharaNoM meM 'kuNaravADava' prAcArya kA ullekha milatA hai / kyA mahAbhASya 8 2 106 meM smRta vADava 'padeSu padekadezAn' niyama se kuNaravADava ho sakatA haiM ? kuNaravADava kA ullekha Age kiyA jAyegA / 344 6. vyAghrabhUti mahAbhASya meM vyAghrabhUti prAcArya kA sAkSAt ullekha nahIM hai / mahAbhASya 2 / 4 / 36 meM 'jagdhividhiyapi' ityAdi eka zlokavArtika uddhata hai / kaiyaTa ke matAnusAra yaha zlokavArtika vyAghrabhUtiviracita hai / kAzikA 7 164 meM eka zloka uddhRta hai / kAtantravRti 10 paJjikA kA karttA trilocanadAsa use vyAghrabhUti ke nAma se uddhRta karatA hai / vaha likhatA hai 20 tathA ca vyAghrabhUtiH -- saMbodhane tuzanasastrirUpaM sAntaM tathA nAntamathApyadantamiti / supadyamakarandakAra ne bhI ise vyAghrabhUti kA vacana mAnA hai / " 15 nyAsakAra ise Agama vacana likhatA hai / " kAzikA 7 / 2 / 10 meM uddhRta aniT kArikAeM bhI vyAghrabhUti - viracita mAnI jAtI hai| paM0 gurupada hAladAra ne ise pANini kA sAkSAt ziSya likhA hai / isameM pramANa anveSaNIya hai / 7. vaiyAghrapadya AcArya vaiyAghrapadya kA nAma udAharaNarUpa meM mahAbhASya meM bahudhA 1 zrayamevArthI vyAghrabhUtinAnyukta ityAha / 25 2. saMbodhane tuzanasastrirUpaM sAntaM tathA nAntamathApyadantam / mAdhyadiniSTa guNavante napuMsake vyAghrapadAM variSThaH / 3. kAtantra, catuSTaya | 4. supadma, suvanta 24 / 5. nyAsa 7 / 1 / 64 // 6. thamimanteSvaniDeka iSyate iti vyAghrabhUtinA vyAhRtasya / zabdakaustubha a0 1, pAda 1, 0 2, pRSTha 82 / tapa tipimiti vyAghrabhUtivacanavirodhAcca / dhAtuvRtti pRSTha 82 / 7. vyAka0 darza0 itihAsa pRSTha 444 /

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vArtikakAra 345 uddhRta hai / vaiyAghrapadya ne eka vyAkaraNazAstra bhI racA thA / usakA ullekha hama pUrva kara cuke haiM / ' 44 kAzikA 8 / 2 / 1 para 'zuSkikA zuSkajaGghA ca' eka zloka uddhRta hai| bhaTToji dIkSita ne ise vaiyAghrapadya viracita vArtika mAnA hai | yadi bhaTToja dIkSita kA lekha ThIka ho aura ukta zloka bhraSTA- 5 dhyAya 8 / 2 / 1 kA prayojana nidarzaka vArtika hI ho, to nizcaya hI yaha pANini se arvAcIna hogA / hamArA vicAra hai, yaha zloka vaiyAghrapadIya vyAkaraNa kA hai, parantu pANinIya sUtra ke sAtha bhI saMgata hone se prAcIna vaiyAkaraNoM ne isakA sambandha aSTAdhyAyI 8 / 2 / 1 ke sAtha jor3a diyA hai / mahAbhASya meM yaha zloka nahIM hai / athavA vaiyAghrapadya zabda ke gotrapratyayAnta hone se do vyakti mAne jA sakate haiM--- eka vyAkaraNa - zAstra pravaktA aura dUsarA vArtikakAra / prAcArya vaiyAghrapadya ke viSaya meM hama pUrva pRSTha 134 - 135 para likha cuke haiM / 10 mahAbhASya meM smRta anya vaiyAkaraNa uparyukta vArtikakAroM ke atirikta nimna vaiyAkaraNoM ke mata mahAbhASya meM uddhRta haiM 3. saurya bhagavAn AcArya aSTAdhyAyI ke vArtikakAra the, vA vRttikAra, vA 20 inakA saMbandha kisI anya vyAkaraNa ke sAtha thA, yaha ajJAta hai / 1. gonadiya 1. gonardo 4. kuNaravADava 2. goNikAputra 5. bhavantaH ? gonardIya AcArya ke mata mahAbhASya meM nimna sthAnoM meM uddhRta haiMgonadayastvAha- satyametat 'sati tvanyasminniti' / 15 gonadayastvAha- kacsvarau tu kartavyau pratyaGkaM muktasaMzayo / 25 tvakalpitRko matpitRka ityeva bhavitavyamiti / " 1. pUrva pRSTha 134 - 135 // 2. ata eva zuSkikA * iti vaiyAghrapadIyavArtike jizabda eva paThyate / zabdakaustubha 1 / 1 / 56 / / 3. mahAbhASya 1 / 1 / 21 // 4. mahAbhASya 1 / 1 / 26 /

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346 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa na tarhi idAnImidaM bhavati-icchAmyahaM kAzakaTIkAramiti / iSTamevaitad gonIyasya / gonIyastvAha-iSTamevaitat saMgRhItaM bhavati-pratijaramatijarairiti bhavitavyam / paricaya gonardIya nAma dezanimittaka hai / isase pratIta hotA hai ki gonardIya AcArya gonarda kA hai| isakA vAstavika nAma ajJAta hai| gonarda deza-uttara prAnta kA vartamAna goMDA jilA sambhavataH prAcIna gonaI hai| kAzikA 1 / 1 / 75 meM gonarda ko prAcya deza 10 mAnA hai| kaI aitihAsika gonarda ko kazmIra meM mAnate haiN| rAja taraGgiNI nAmaka kazmIra ke aitihAsika grantha meM gonarda nAmaka tIna rAjAoM kA ullekha hai / sambhava hai unake sambandha se kazmIra kA bhI koI prAnta gonadaM nAma se prasiddha rahA ho / aisI avasthA meM gonarda nAma ke do deza mAnane hoNge| 15 gonardIya zabda meM vidyamAna taddhita pratyaya se spaSTa hai ki gonardIya AcArya prAcya gonadaM deza kA thaa| gonardIya aura pataJjali / bhartahari kaiyaTa rAjazekhara Adi granthakAra gonardIya zabda ko pataJjali kA nAmAntara mAnate haiM / vaijayantI-koSakAra bhI ise 20 pataJjali kA paryAya likhatA hai| vAtsyAyana kAmasUtra meM gonardIya 1. mahAbhASya 3 / 1 / 12 // 2. mahAbhASya 7 / 2 / 102 // 3. gonarda zabda kI eka prAcAM deze' (111175) sUtra se vRddha saMjJA hone para hI 'vRddhAcchaH' (4 / 2 / 114) se 'cha' pratyaya saMbhava hai| 4. gonIyastvAha..... tasmAdetad bhASyakAro vyAcakSati (?, vyAcaSTe) 25 sUtramiti / bhASyadIpikA (1 / 1 / 21) hamArA hastalekha pRSTha 276; pUnA saM0 pRSTha 211 / 5. bhASyakArastvAha-pradIpa 111121 // gonardIyapadaM vyAcaSTe-bhASyakAra iti / udyota 111 // 21 // 6. yastu prayuGkte tatpramANameveti gonIyaH / kAvyamImAMsA, pRSTha 26 // 30 / 7. gonardIyaH pataJjaliH / pRSTha 66, zloka 157 /

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vArtikakAra 347 prAcArya kA ullekha bahudhA milatA hai / kAmandakanItisAra kI upAdhyAya nirapekSaNI nAmnI prAcIna TIkA kA racayitA kAmasUtra ko AcArya kauTilya kI kRti mAnatA hai / DA0 kIlahArna kA mata hai ki gonardIya prAcArya mahAbhASyakAra se bhinna vyakti hai / 5 hAM, pataJjali ke kazmIradezaja hote hue bhI gonardIya zabda kA vyavahAra sambhava hai / mahAbhArata zAntiparvastha ziva sahasranAma meM ziva kA eka nAma gonarda bhI likhA hai| usase vA nAmadheyasya ( 1 / 1 / 73) vArtika se vRddha saMjJA hokara 'gonardIya' zabda bhASyakAra ke liye prayukta ho sakatA hai, yadi yaha bAta kathaMcit sudRr3ha rUpeNa siddha ho jAye ki pataJjali zaiva sampradAya ke prAcArya the / mahAbhASya meM isakA 10 kiJcinmAtra bhI saMketa upalabdha nahIM hotA / hamAre mata meM gonardIya prAcArya mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali nahIM hai / mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali kazmIradezaja hai, yaha hama Age mahAbhASya ke prakaraNa meM likheMge / yadi koSakAroM kI prasiddhi ko prAmANika mAnA jAya, to yaha 15 pataJjali mahASyakAra na hokara nidAnasUtrakAra pataJjali ho sakatA hai / sambhava hai kaiyaTa prAdi ko nAma sAdRzya se bhrama huA ho / 2. goNikA putra isa prAcArya kA mata pataJjali ne mahAbhASya 1 / 4 / 51 meM 1. 11 / 15 / / 1|5|25|| 4 | 3 |25|| yaha sUtra saMkhyA 'durgA priMTiMga presa 20 ajamera' meM mudrita kAmasUtra hindI anuvAda ke anusAra hai / yaha kAmasUtra kA saMkSipta saMskaraNa hai | prakAzitaH, 2. nyAya- kauTilya- vAtsyAyana- gautamIyasmRti-bhASya catuSTayena prakAzita puruSArtha catuSTayopAya iti bhuvi mahItale prakhyAtaH / alavara rAjakIya pustakAlaya sUcIpatra, pariziSTa pRSTha 110 / bhASya zabda kA pratyeka ke sAtha 25 saMbandha hai / nyAsabhASya, kauTilyabhASya (arthazAstra), vAtsyAyana bhASya ( kAma - zAstra), aura gotamasmRtibhASya / arthazAstra aura kAmazAstra kA prathamAdhyAya sUtragrantha hai, zeSa saMpUrNa grantha una sUtroM kA bhASya hai / kAmandakanItisAra 115 meM 'cANakya kA vizeSaNa 'ekAkI ' hai / gotama dharmasUtra ke maskarIbhASya meM bhASya bahudhA uddhRta hai / ekAkI aura asahAya zabdoM ke paryAyavAcI hone se 30 kyA grahAsAya bhASya kauTilyaviracita ho sakatA hai ? asahAya

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10 348 / saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa uddhRta kiyA hai-ubhayathA goNikAputra iti / isa para nAgeza likhatA hai-goNikAputro bhASyakAra ityAhuH / 'pAhuH pada se pratIta hotA hai ki nAgeza ko yaha mata abhISTa nahIM hai / vAtsyAyana kAmasUtra meM goNikAputra kA bhI ullekha milatA hai| kozakAra pataJjali ke paryAyoM meM isa nAma ko nahIM par3hate / ataH yaha nizcaya hI mahAbhASyakAra se bhinna vyakti hai| 3. saurya bhagavAn pataJjali mahAbhASya 8 / 2 / 106 meM likhatA hai-tatra sauryabhagavatA uktam-aniSTijJo vADavaH paThati / ___kaiyaTa ke matAnusAra yaha AcArya 'saurya' nAmaka nagara kA nivAsI thaa| saurya nagara kA ullekha kAzikA 2 / 4 / 7 meM milatA hai|' mahAbhASyakAra ne isa prAcArya ke nAma ke sAtha bhagavAn zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai| isase isa prAcArya kI mahatI prAmANikatA pratIta hotI hai / pataJjali ke lekha se yaha bhI vidita hotA hai ki saurya AcArya 15 vADava prAcArya se arvAcIna hai| 4. kuNaravADava kuNaravADava prAcArya kA mata mahAbhASya 3 / 2 / 14 tathA 7 / 3 / 1 meM uddhRta hai| kyA yaha padaikadeza nyAsa se pUrvokta vArtikakAra vADava ho sakatA hai ? 5. bhavantaH ? mahAbhASya 3 / 1 / 8 meM likhA hai-iha bhavantastvAhuH-na bhavitavyamiti / pataJjali ne yahAM 'bhavantaH pada se kisa prAcArya vA kina AcAryoM ko smaraNa kiyA hai, yaha ajJAta hai| 1. goMNikAputraH pAradArikam / 111116 // saMbandhisakhizrotriyarAjadAra25 varjamiti goNikAputraH / 1 / 5 / 31 / 2. saurya nAma nagaraM tatratyenAcAyeM Nedamuktam / bhASyapradIya 8 / 2 / 106 // 3. sauryaM ca nagaraM kaitavataM ca grAmaH / 4. kuNaravADavastvAha-naSA zaMkarA, zaMgareSA / kuta etat ? gRNAtiH zabdakarmA tasyaiSa prayogaH // kuNaravADavastvAha-naiSa vahInaraH, kastahi ? vihInara 30 eSaH / vihIno naraH kAmabhogAbhyAM vihInaraH / vihInarasyApatyaM vaihInariH / 20

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vArtikakAra 346 bhartRhari ne bhI apanI mahAbhASyadIpikA meM cAra sthAnoM meM 'iha bhavantastvAhuH" nirdeza karake kucha mata uddhRta kiye haiN| mahAbhASyadIpikA pRSTha 266deg meM 'indrabhavastvAhuH' pATha hai / yaha azuddha pratIta hai, yahAM bhI kadAcit 'iha bhavantastvAhuH' pATha ho| pataJjali aura bhartRhari kisI eka hI prAcArya ke mata udhata karate haiM, vA bhinna 5 bhinna ke, yaha bhI vicAraNIya hai| __ nyAyavArtika 4 / 1 / 21 meM bhI iha bhavantaH kA nirdeza karake sAMkhya mata kA nirdeza kiyA hai / inake atirikta mahAbhASya meM anya apara Adi zabdoM se aneka AcAryoM ke mata uddhRta haiM, parantu unake nAma ajJAta haiN| ___mahAbhASyastha vArtikoM para eka dRSTi yadyapi mahAbhASya meM pradhAnatayA kAtyAyanIya vArtikoM kA ullekha hai, tathApi usa meM anya vArtikakAroM ke vArtika bhI uddhRta haiN| kucha vArtikoM ke racayitAoM ke nAma mahAbhASya se vidita ho jAte haiM, aneka vArtikoM ke racayitAoM ke nAma mahAbhASya meM nahIM likheM, yaha 15 hama pUrva likha cuke haiN| ina saba vArtikoM ke atirikta mahAbhASya meM bahuta se aise vacanoM kA saMgraha hai, jo vArtika pratIta hote haiM, parantu vArtika nahIM haiM / mahAbhASyakAra ne anya vyAkaraNoM se una-una niyamoM kA saMgraha kiyA hai, kahIM pUrvAcAryoM ke zabdoM meM aura kahIM svalpa zabdAntara se / yathA 1.-mahAbhASya 6 / 1 / 144 meM vacana hai-samo hitatatayorvA lopaH / yaha vArtika pratIta hotA hai, parantu mahAbhASya 1 / 1 / 27 meM ise anya vaiyAkaroM kA vacana likhA hai-ihAnye vaiyAkaraNAH samastate vibhASA lopamArabhante, samo hitatatayorvA iti / mahAbhASya 6 / 1 / 144. meM anya kaI niyama uddhRta haiN| ve anya 25 vaiyAkaraNoM ke granthoM se saMgrahIta pratIta hote haiN| mahAbhASyakAra ne . 1. hastalekha, pRSTha 61, 107, 125, 272 / pUnA saM0 pRSTha 51, 86, 108 (?), 207 / 2. iha bhavantaH sattvarajastamasAM sAmyAvasthAM prakRti varNayanti / pRSTha 458 / 3. samo hitatatayorvA lopH| saMtumunoH kaame| manasi ca / avazyamaH kRtye| 30

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2 -- mahAbhASya 4 / 2 / 60 meM likhA hai - sarvasAdadvigozca laH | yaha vacana pracIna vaiyAkaraNoM kI kisI kArikA kA eka caraNa hai / 5 mahAbhASya ke kaI hastalekhoM meM isa sUtra ke anta meM kArikA kA pUrA pATha milatA hai / " vaha nimna prakAra hai 15 350 saMskRta vyAkaraNa kA itihAsa ina niyamoM kA saMgraha jisa prAcIna kArikA ke adhAra para kiyA hai, vaha kAzikA 6 / 1 / 144 meM uddhRta hai / ' 3 - mahAbhASya 4 / 1 / 27 meM par3hA hai - hAyano vayasi smRtaH / 10 yaha pATha bhI kisI prAcIna kArikA kA eka caraNa hai | kArikA meM hI ' smRtaH' pada zloka rtyartha lagAyA jA sakatA hai, anyathA vaha vyartha hogA / 25 anusUrlakSyalakSaNe sarvasAdedvigozca laH / ikan padottarapadAt zataSaSTeH Sikan pathaH // 130 4 - mahAbhASya meM kahIM-kahIM pUrI-pUrI kArikAeM bhI prAcIna granthoM se uddhRta haiN| yathA ina kArikAyoM meM 'iSNuc' aura 'DAvatu' pratyaya para vicAra 20 kiyA hai / aSTAdhyAyI meM ye pratyaya nahIM haiM / usa meM ina ke sthAna meM kramazaH 'khiSNuc' aura 'vatup' pratyaya haiN| parantu ina kArikAoM meM jo vicAra kiyA hai, vaha aSTAdhyAyI ke tattat prakaraNoM meM bhI upayogI hai | ataH mahAbhASyakAra ne vahAM-vahAM vinA kisI parivartana ke ina prAcona kArikAoM kA uddhRta kara diyA hai / iSNu ikArAditvamudA tatvAt kRtaM bhuvaH / namaHtu svara siddhyartha mikArAditvamiSNucaH // 3 DAvatAvartha vaiziSyA nirdeza: pRthagucyate / mAtrAdyapratighAtAya bhAvaH siddhazca DAvatoH // * 1. lumpedavazyamaH kRtye tuGkAmamanasorapi / samo hitatatayorvA mAMsasya pacinoH // 2. kaiTa ne pUrI kArikA kI vyAkhyA kI hai, parantu mahAbhASya ke kaI hastalekhoM meM pUrI kArikA upalabdha nahIM hotI / 3. mahAbhASya 3 / 2 / 57 // 4. mahAbhASya 2256 // dekho - 'DAvatAviti - pUrvAcArya prakriyApekSa nirdeza:', isI sUtra para kaiyaTa /

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vAttikakAra 351 5--mahAbhASya 4 / 3 / 60 meM kisI prAcIna vyAkaraNa kI nimna tona kArikAeM uddhRta haiM-- samAnasya tadodezcAdhyAtmAdiSu cessyte| UvaM damAcca dehAcca lokottarapadasya ca / / mukhapArvatasorIyaH kujanaparasya ca / IyaH kAryo'ya madhyasya maNmIyau cApi pratyayau / madhyo madhyaM dinaN cAsmAt sthAmno lugajinAttathA / bAhmo daivyaH pAJcajanyaH gambhIrAyaH iSyate // kaiyaTa nAgeza Adi TIkAkAroM ne ina kArikAoM ko aSTAdhyAyI 4 / 3 / 60 para vAtika samajha kara inakI pUrvApara saGgati lagAne ke 10 liye atyanta kliSTa kalpanAeM kI haiN| kliSTa kalpanAeM karane para bhI inheM aSTAdhyAyI para vArtika mAnane se jo aneka punarukti doSa upasthita hote haiM, unakA ve pUrNa parihAra nahIM kara ske| inheM vArtika mAnane para tRtIya kArikA kA caturtha caraNa spaSTatayA vyartha hai, kyoMki aSTAdhyAyI 4 / 3 / 58 meM 'gambhIrAjya sUtra vidyamAna hai / isI 15 prakAra gahAdi gaNa (4 / 2 / 138) meM "mukhapAvatasorlopaH, janaparayoH kuka ca" gaNasUtra paThita hai| ataH dvitoya kArikA kA pUrvArdha bhI piSTapeSaNavat vyartha hai / isaliye ye nizcaya hI kisI prAcIna vyAkaraNa kI kArikAeM haiN| inameM apUrva vidhAyaka aMza kI adhikatA hone se mahAbhASyakAra ne inakA pUrA pATha uddhRta kara diyaa| ina uddharaNoM se vyakta hai ki mahAbhASya meM uddhRta aneka vacana vAtikakAroM ke vArtika nahIM haiN| __paM0 vedapati mizra ne apane vyAkaraNa-vAtika - eka samIkSAtmaka adhyayana meM mahAbhASyastha vArtikoM ke sambandha meM gambhIra vivecana kiyA hai| pAThaka use bhI dekheN| isa adhyAya meM hamane pANinIyASTaka para vAtika racane vAle sAta vArtikakAroM aura pAMca anya vaiyAkaraNoM (jinake mata mahAbhASya meM uddhRta haiM) kA sakSepa se varNana kiyA hai / agale adhyAya meM vArtikoM ke bhASyakAroM kA varNana hogaa| 20

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navavAM adhyAya vArtikoM ke bhASyakAra bhASya kA lakSaNa viSNudharmottara ke tRtIya khaNDa ke caturthAdhyAya meM bhASya kA 5 lakSaNa isa prakAra likhA hai sUtrArtho vaNyate yatra vAkyaH sUtrAnusAribhiH / svapadAni ca varNyante bhApyaM bhASyavido viduH // arthAt-jisa grantha meM sUtrAtha, sUtrAnusArI vAkyoM vAtirko tathA apane padoM kA vyAkhyAna kiyA jAtA hai, use bhASya ko jAnane 1. vAle bhASya kahate haiN| bhASya pada kA prayoga-pataJjali-viracita mahAbhASya meM do sthAnoM para likhA hai--ukto bhAvabhedo bhASye / ' isa para kaiyaTa Adi TIkAkAra likhate haiM hi yahAM 'bhASya' pada se 'sArvadhAtuke yak' sUtra ke mahAbhASya kI ora saMketa haiM, parantu 15 hamArA vicAra hai ki pataJjali kA saMketa kiso prAcIna bhASyagrantha kI ora hai / isa meM nimna pramANa haiM-- 1. mahAbhASya ke 'ukto bhAvabhedo bhASye' vAkya kI tulanA 'saMgrahe etat pradhAnyena parIkSitam" saMgrahe tAvat kAryapratidvandvibhAvAnmanyAmahe'6 ityAdi mahAbhASyastha-vacanoM se kI jAye, to spaSTa pratIta hotA hai ki 20 ukta vAkya meM saMgraha ke samAna koI prAcIna bhASya'nAmaka grantha abhipreta hai| anyathA pataJjali apanI zailI ke anusAra svagrantha ke nirdeza ke lie 'ukto bhAvabhedo bhASye' meM 'bhASye' zabda kA prayoga nahIM krtaa| 1. dra0-pUrva pRSTha 316 / . 2. 3 // 316 / / 3 / 4 / 67 // 3. aSTA0 331167 // 25 4. sArvadhAtuke bhAvabhedaH / 3 / 3 / 19 / sArvadhAtuke yagityatra bAhyAbhyanyarayorbhAvayovizeSo darzitaH / 3 / 4 / 67 / / 5. mahAbhASya a0 1, pA0 1 A. 1, pRSTha 6 / 6. mahAbhASya a0 1, pA0 1, prA0 1, pRSTha 6 /

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vArtikoM ke bhASyakAra 353 2. bhartRhari vAkyapadIya 2042 ko svopajJavyAkhyA meM bhASya ke nAma se eka lambA pATha uddhRta karatA hai sa cAyaM vAkyapadayorAdhikyabhedo bhASya evopavyAkhyAtaH / zratazca tatra bhavAn zraha -- 'yathaikapadagataprAtipadike heturAhAyate / ' yaha pATha pAtaJjala mahAbhASya meM upalabdha nahIM hotA / 3. kSIrataraGgiNI meM kSIrasvAmI likhatA haiM-bhASye natvaM neSyate / ' yaha mata mahAbhASya meM nahIM milatA / 46 4. mahAbhASya zabda meM 'mahat' vizeSaNa isa bAta kA dyotaka hai| hai ki usase pUrva koI 'bhASya' grantha vidyAmAna thA / anyathA 'mahat' vizeSaNa vyartha hai / tulanA karo bhArata - mahAbhArata, aitareya - mahaitareya, kauSItaki mahAkauSItaki zabdoM ke sAtha / ' 15 5. bhartRhari mahAbhASya pradIpikA meM do sthAnoM para vArttikoM ke liye 'bhAvyasUtra' pada kA prayoga karatA hai|' pANinoyasUtroM ke liye 'vRttisUtra' pada kA prayoga aneka granthoM meM upalabdha hotA hai, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiM / bhASya sUtra aura vRttisUtra padoM kI pArasparika tulanA se vyakta hotA hai ki pANinIya sUtroM para kevala vRttiyAM ho likhI gaI thIM, ata eva unakA 'vRttisUtra' pada se vyavahAra hotA hai / vArtikoM para sIdhe bhASya grantha likhe gaye, isalie vArtikoM ko 'bhASyasUtra' kahate haiM / vArtikoM ke lie 'bhASyasUtra' nAma kA vyavahAra isa bAta 20 kA spaSTa dyotaka hai ki vArtikoM para jo vyAkhyAnagrantha rave gaye, ve 'bhASya' kahAte the / 1 aneka bhASyakAra mahAbhASya ke avalokana se vidita hotA hai ki usa se pUrva vArtioM para aneka bhASya grantha likhe gaye the / ve isa samaya anupalabdha 4 mahAbhASya meM aneka sthAnoM para 'apara Ahe' likha kara vArtikoM 1. kSIrata0 1646 | pRSTha 132, hamArA saMska0 / 2. koSItaki gRhya 23|| 3. dekho pUrva pRSTha 316, pRSTha 320, Ti0 1 / prAzva0 gRhya 3 | 4 | 4 | zAMkhA gRhya 4 6 | TippaNI 7 / RgvedAdibhASyabhUmikA, pUrva 4.240-241 / 30

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kI kaI vibhinna vyAkhyAeM uddhRta kI haiM / yathA abhrakusAdInAmiti vaktavyam / bhrukusaH, bhrUkuMsaH, bhrukuTi; bhRkuTi: / ___ apara mAha-prakAro bhrUkusAdInAmiti vaktavyama / bhrakusaH, bhrakuTiH / 6 / 3 / 61 // ___ yahAM eka vyAkhyA meM vArtikastha 'a' varNa niSedhArthaka hai, aura dUsarI vyAkhyA meM 'a' kA vidhAna kiyA hai| isI prakAra mahAbhASya 111110 meM siddhamanactvAd vAkyaparisamAptervA' vArtika kI do vyAkhyAeM uddhRta kI haiN| mahAbhASya 2 / 111 meM 'samarthatarANAM vA' vArtika kI 'apara Ahe likha kara tIna vyAkhyAeM udhRta kI haiM / ___ ina uddharaNoM se vyakta hai ki mahAbhASya se pUrva vArtikoM para aneka vyAkhyAeM likhI gaI thiiN| kevala kAtyAyana ke vArtika pATha para nyUnAtinnUna tIna vyAkhyAeM mahAbhASya se pUrva avazya vidyamAna 15 thiiN| isI prakAra bhAradvAja, saunAga Adi ke vArtikoM para bhI aneka bhASya grantha likhe gaye hoNge| yaha prAcIna mahato grantharAzi isa samaya sarvathA lupta ho cukI haiN| ina granthoM vA granthakAroM ke nAma taka bhI jJAta nahIM haiN| __ bhartRhari kI viziSTa sUcanA-bhartRhari ne aneka bhASyoM kI 20 sUcanA-sUtrANAM sAnutantrANAM bhASyANAM ca praNetRbhiH' kArikA meM dI haiN| isakA bhAva yaha hai ki sUtroM, anutantroM (vArtikoM) aura bhASyoM ke praNetAoM........" arvAcIna vArtika vyAkhyAkAra mahAbhASya kI racanA ke anantara bhI kaI nidvAnoM ne vArtikoM 25 para vyAkhyAeM likhIM, parantu hameM una meM se kevala tIna vyAkhyAkAroM kA jJAna hai 1. helArAja helArAjakRta vAkyapadIya kI TIkA se vidita hotA hai ki usa ne vArtikapATha para 'vAtikonmeSa' nAmnI eka vyAkhyA likhI 30 thii| vaha likhatA hai 1. vAkyapadIya brahmakANDa, 23 /

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vAttikoM ke bhASyakAra 355 vAkyakArasyApi tadeva darzanamiti vAtikonmeSe kathitamasmAbhiH / vAtikonmeSe vistareNa yathAtattvamasmAbhirvyAkhyAtamiti tata evAvadhAryam / vAtikonmeSe yathAgamaM vyAkhyAtam, tata evAvadhAryam / 5 vArtikomenSa grantha isa samaya upalabdha nahIM hai| helArAja kA vizeSa varNana Age vyAkaraNa ke 'dArzanika granthakAra' nAmaka 26 veM adhyAya ke antargata vAkyapadIya ke prakaraNa meM kiyA jaaygaa| ___2. rAghavasUrI rAghavasUri ne vArtikoM kI 'arthaprakAzikA' nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI 1. hai| isakA eka hastalekha madrAsa ke rAjakIya hastalekha saMgraha meM / vidyamAna hai| dekho sUcIpatra bhAga 4 khaNDa 1C. pRSTha 5804 granthAGka 3612 B. / 3. rAjarudra rAjarudra nAmaka kisI paNDita ne kAzikAvRtti meM uddhRta zloka- 15 vArtikoM kI vyAkhyA likhI hai| rAjarudra ke pitA kA nAma 'gannaya' thaa| isakA eka hastalekha madrAsa ke rAjakIya pustakAlaya ke hastalekhasaMgraha meM vidyamAna hai / yaha bhAga 4 khaNDa 1 C. pRSTha 5803, granthAGka 3612 A. para nirdiSTa hai / - isakA anta meM nimna pATha iti rAjarudriye (kAzikA) vRttizlokavyAkhyAne'STamAdhyAyasya caturthaH pAdaH / ina donoM granthakAroM kA kAla ajJAta / isa adhyAya meM vArtikoM ke prAcIna bhASyakAroM kA saMketa aura tIna arvAcIna vyAkhyAkAroM kA saMkSepa se varNana kiyA hai| agale 25 adhyAya meM mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali kA varNana kiyA jAyagA / 1. tRtIya kANDa pRSTha 443, kAzI sN0|| 2. tRtIya kANDa pRSTha 444 / 3. tRtIya kANDa pRSTha 46 /

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dazavAM adhyAya mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali (2000 vi0 pU0) mahAmuni pataJjali ne pANinIya vyAkaraNa para eka mahatI vyAkhyA likhI hai / yaha saMskRta vAGamaya meM mahAbhASya ke nAma se prasiddha hai / isa grantha meM bhagavAn pataJjali ne vyAkaraNa jaise durUha aura zuSka samajhe jAne vAle viSaya ko jisa sarala aura sarasa rUpa se hRdayaGgama karAyA hai, vaha dekhate hI banatA hai| grantha kI bhASA itanI sarala aura prAJjala hai ki jo bhI vidvAn ise dekhatA hai, isa ke racanAsauSThava kI muktakaNTha se prazaMsA karatA hai| vastutaH yaha grantha 10 na kevala vyAkaraNa sampradAya meM, apitu sakala saMskRta vAGamaya meM apane DhaMga kA eka adbhuta grantha hai| mahAbhASya pANinIya vyAkaraNa kA eka prAmANika grantha hai| samasta vaiyAkaraNa isake sanmukha natamastaka haiN| arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa jahAM sUtra, vArtika aura mahAbhASya meM paraspara virodha samajhate haiM, vahAM ve mahAbhASya ko hI prAmANika mAnate hai|' paricaya nAmAntara-vibhinna prAcIna granthoM meM pataJjali ko gonardIya, goNikAputra, nAganAtha, ahipati, phaNibhRt, zeSarAja, zeSAhi, cUrNikAra aura padakAra Adi nAmoM se smaraNa kiyA hai| ___ gonardIya-yAdavaprakAza Adi koSakAroM ne isa nAma ko pata. 20 Jjali kA paryAya likhA hai / mahAbhASya 1 / 121, 26 // 3 // 1162 / / 7 / 2 / 101 meM 'gonIya' AcArya ke mata nirdiSTa haiN| bhatRhari aura kaiyaTa Adi TokAkAroM ke mata meM yahAM gonardIya kA artha pataJjali hai| kisI gonardIya AcArya kA mata vAtsyAyana kAmasUtra meM bhI 1. yathottaraM hi munitrayasya prAmANyam / kaiyaTa, bhASyapradIya // 1 // 26 // 25 yathottaraM munInAM prAmANyam / nAgeza, udyota 3 / 1187 // 2. pUrva pRSTha 346 Ti0 7 / 3. pUrva pRSTha 345, 346 para uddhRta uddhrnn| 4. pUrva pRSTha 346, Ti0 4,5 /

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bhASyakAra pataJjali 357 milatA hai|' gonardIya kI bhinnatA aura abhinnatA kI sambhAvanA kA nirdeza hama pUrva (pRSTha 347) cuke haiN| goNikA-putra-mahAbhASya 11451 meM goNikApUtra kA eka mata nirdiSTa hai / nAgeza kI vyAkhyA se pratIta hotA hai ki kaI prAcIna TIkAkAra goNikApUtra kA artha yahAM pataJjali samajhate the| 5 vAtsyAyana kAmasUtra meM bhI goNikA-putra kA nirdeza milatA hai| hamArA vicAra hai ki goNikAputra pataJjali se pRthak vyakti hai| nAganAtha-kayaTa ne mahAbhASya 4 / 2 / 63 kI vyAkhyA meM pataJjali ke liye nAganAtha nAma kA prayoga kiyA hai / 5 ahipati-cakrapANi ne caraka-TIkA ke prArambha meM ahipati nAma 10 se pataJjali ko namaskAra kiyA hai| phaNibhRt-bhojarAja ne yogasUtra-vRtti ke prArambha meM phaNibhRt pada se pataJjali kA nirdeza kiyA hai| zeSarAja-amaracandra sUri ne haima-bRhadvRttyavacUNi meM mahAbhASya kA eka pATha zeSarAja ke nAma se uddhRta kiyA hai| 15 zeSAhi-ballabhadeva ne zizupAlavadha 21112 kI TIkA meM pataJjali ko zeSAhi nAma se smaraNa kiyaa| ___ cUrNikAra-bhartRhariviracita mahAbhASyadIpikA meM tIna vAra carNikAra pada se pataJjali kA ullekha milatA hai| sAMkhyakArikA kI yuktidIpikA TIkA meM mahAbhASya 1 / 4 / 21 kA vacana cUrNikAra 20 1. pUrva pRSTha 347 Ti0 1 / 2. ubhayathA goNikAputra iti / - 3. goNikAputro bhASyakAra ityaahuH| 4. pUrva pRSTha 348 Ti0 1 / .5. tatra jAta ityatra tu sUtre'sya lakSaNatvamAzrityateSAM siddhimadhAsyati naagnaathH| 6. pAtaJjalamahAbhASyacarakapratisaMskRtaiH / manovAkkAyadoSANAM hantre- 25 'hipataye nmH|| 7. vAkcetovapuSAM malaH phaNibhRtA bhatraiva yenoddhRtaH / . 8. yadAha zrIzeSarAjaH-nahi godhAH sarpantIti sarpaNAdahirbhavati / (mahAbhASya meM anekatra yaha pATha hai ) 6. padaM zeSAhiviracitaM bhASyam / 10. hastalekha pRSTha 176, 136, 216 / pUnA saM0 pRSTha 136, 154, .. 180 //

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358 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa * 3 ke nAma se uddhRta hai / ' skandasvAmI nirukta 3 / 16 kI vyAkhyA meM cUrNikAra ke nAma se mahAbhASya 1 / 1 / 57 kA pATha uddhRta karatA hai / skandasvAmI kI nirukta TIkA 82 meM cUrNikAra ke nAma se eka pATha aura uddhRta hai, parantu vaha pATha mahAbhASya kA nahIM hai, vaha 5. mImAMsA 1| 3 | 30 ke zAbara bhASya kA pATha hai / Adhunika pANinIzikSA kA zikSA prakAza - TIkAkAra zAbara bhASya ke isa pATha ko mahA bhASya ke nAma se uddhRta karatA hai / bauddha cInI yAtrI isiMga ne mahAbhASya kA cUrNi nAma se ullekha kiyA hai / * cUrNipada kA artha - kSIrasvAmI ne amaraTIkA meM cUrNi aura 10 bhASya kA paryAya mAnA hai / zrI gurupada hAladAra ne vRddhatrayI pRSTha 260 pada cUrNi kA artha durgasiMha kRta uNAdi vRtti 3|183 ke atusAra sUtravArtikabhASya likhA hai / parantu chapI huI kAtantra uNAdi vRtti (3 / 61 ) meM caratoti cUNiH grantha vizeSaH pATha milatA hai / padakAra - skandasvAmI niruktaTIkA 13 meM padakAra ke nAma se 15 mahAbhASya 5|2| 28 kA pATha uddhRta kiyA haiM / uvvaTa ne bhI RkprAtizAkhya 13 | 19 kI TIkA meM padakAra zabda se mahAbhASya 1 / 1 / 16 kA pATha uddhRta kiyA hai / " AtmAnanda ne prasyavAmIya sUkta ke bhASya meM padakAra ke nAma se mahAbhASya 111 / 47 ko ora saMketa kiyA haiM / 1. kadAcit guNo guNivizeSako bhavati, kadAcittu guNinA guNo vizeSyate 20 iti cUrNikArasya prayogaH / pRSTha 7 / 2. tathA ca cUrNikAraH paThati - vatinirdezo'yaM santi na santIti / 3. cUrNikAro brUte - ya eva laukikA : zabdA * * iti / 4. ya eva laukikAH zabdAsta eva vaidikAsta eva ca teSAmarthA iti mahAbhASyokteH / zikSAsaMgraha, pRSTha 386 kAzI saM0 // ...... 5. itsiMga kI bhArata yAtrA, pRSTha 272 // 6. bhASyaM cUrNi: 3 / 5 / 31 // pRSTha 353 // 7. padakAra graha -- upasargAzca punarevamAtmakA * kriyAmAhuH | 8. padakAreNApyuktam -- prathamadvitIyA: " - mahApraNA iti / 6. padakArAstu parabhaktaM numamAhuH / pRSTha 13 / mahAbhASyakAra ne 30 siddhAnta pakSa meM num ko pUrvabhakta mAnA hai / kaiyaTa likhatA hai - udatra nirdo .... SatvAt pUrvAntapakSaH sthitaH / 25

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mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali 356 bhAmaha ne apane alaGkAra grantha meM sUtrakAra ke sAtha padakAra ko smaraNa kiyA hai|' kSIrasvAmI ne amarakoza 3 / 1135 kI TIkA meM padakAra ke nAma se eka pATha uddhRta kiyA hai, parantu vaha mahAbhASya meM nahIM miltaa| sAMkhyakArikA kI yuktidIpikA TIkA meM padakAra ke nAma se eka vAttika uddhRta hai| nyAsa 3 / 2 / 27 meM jinendrabuddhi ne eka 5 padakAra kA pATha uddhRta kiyA hai, vaha vArtika aura usake bhASya se akSarazaH nahIM milatA hai| anupadakAra-durghaTavRtti pRSTha 126 para anupadakAra ke eka mata kA ullekha milatA hai|' maitreyarakSita ne bhI tantrapradIpa 7 / 4 / 1 meM anupadakAra kA mata uddhRta kiyA hai| ye anupadakAra ke nAma se 10 uddhRta mata mahAbhASya meM nahIM milte| padazeSakAra-kAzikA 72 / 58 meM padazeSakAra kA eka mata uddhRta hai, vaha bhI mahAbhASya meM nahIM milatA / padazeSakAra kA eka uddharaNa puruSottamattadevaviracita mahAbhASya-laghuvRtti kI 'bhASyavyAkhyAprapaJca' nAmnI TIkA meM bhI upalabdha hotA hai|' 15 1. sUtrakRtpadakAreSTaprayogAd yo'nyathA bhavet / 4 / 22 / yahAM padakAra zabda mahAbhASyakAra ke liye prayukta huA hai / mudritagrantha meM 'pAdakAra' chapA hai vaha azuddha hai| 2. yajajapa ityatra vaderanupadezaH kArya iti padakAravAkyAdUkaH / 3. padakArastvAha-jAtivAcakatvAt / pRSTha 7 / nulanA karo--dambherhalgrahaNasya jAtivAcakatvAt siddham, vArtika / 22 / 10 // ho sakatA hai yaha 20 vArtika na ho, bhASya vacana hI ho| 4. tathAhi padakAraH paThatiupapadavidhau bhayADhyAdi-grahaNaM tadantavidhi prayojayatIti / 5. upapadavidho bhayADhyAdigrahaNam / upapadavidhau bhayADhyAdigrahaNaM prayojanam / mahAbhASya 1 // 172 // 6. prenvanamiti / anupadakAreNAnuma udAharaNamupanyastam / __7. evaM ca yuvAnamAkhyat acIkaladityAdiprayogo'nupadakAreNa neSyate iti lakSyate / dekho bhAratakaumudI bhAga 2, pRSTha 864 kI TippaNI meM uddhRta / , 7. padazeSakArasya punaridaM drshnm.......|| padazeSo granthavizeSa iti padamaJjarI / kAzikA kA uddhRta pATha dhAtuvRtti meM bhI uddhRta haiM / dekho gama ghAtu, pRSTha 192 / 9. padazeSakArastu zabdAdhyAhAra zeSamiti vdti| 30 iNDiyana hisTorikala kvArTI, sepTembara 1943, pRSTha 207 meM uddhRta / 25

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa - anupadakAra aura padazeSakAra donoM eka hI haiM, athavA bhinna vyakti hai, yaha vicAraNIya haiN| . mahAbhASya kAra ko 'padakAra' kyoM kahate haiM ? isa viSaya meM hama nizcita rUpa se kucha nahIM kaha sakate / mahAbhASya meM pANinIya sUtroM ke prAyaH pratyeka pada para vicAra kiyA hai / saMbhava hai isaliye mahAbhASyakAra ko 'padakAra' kahA jAtA ho / zizupAlavadha ke 'anutsUtrapadanyAsA" ityAdi zloka kI vyAkhyA meM ballabhadeva likhatA haipadaM zeSAhiviracitaM bhAdhyan / ballabhadeva ne 'pada' kA artha pataJjali viracita mahAbhASya' kisa AdhAra para kiyA, yaha ajJAta hai| yadi yaha 10 artha ThIka ho, to kAzikA aura bhASyavyAkhyAprapaJca meM nirdiSTa 'padazeSakAra' kA artha 'mahAbhASya-zeSa kA racayitA' hogA / jaise 'trikANDa zeSa' amarakoSa kA zeSa hai / vaMza aura deza-pataJjali ne mahAbhASya jaise vizAlakAya grantha meM apanA kiJcinmAtra paricaya nahIM diyA / ataH pataJjali kA 15 itivRtta sarvathA anvakArAvRta hai| hama pUrva likha cuke haiM ki mahAbhASya ke kucha vyAkhyAkAra 'goNikAputra' zabda kA artha pataJjali mAnate haiN| yadi vaha ThIka ho pataJjali ko mAtA kA nAma 'goNikA' rahA hogA, parantu hameM yaha mata ThIka pratIta nahIM hotaa| ___kucha granyakAra 'gonardIya' ko pataJjali kA paryAya mAnate haiM / yadi unakA mata prAmANika ho, to mahAbhASyakAra kI janmabhUmi gonarda hogI / gona deza vartamAna goMDA jile ke AsamAsa kA pradeza mAnA jAtA hai| eka gonarda deza kazmIra meM bhI hai| parantu gonardIya ko pataJjali kA paryAya mAnane para use prAgdezavAso mAnanA hogaa| 25 kyoMki gonardoya pada meM gonarda ko eka prAcAM deze se vaddha saMjJA hokara cha - Iya pratyaya hotA hai / 'gonada' ziva kA nAma hai, usase bhI gonardIya zabda utpanna ho sakatA hai| parantu mahAbhASyakAra zaivamatAnyAyI the, isakA kahIM se kucha bhI saMketa nahIM upalabdha nahIM hotA, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiM / ataH hamArA vicAra hai ki gonardIya 30. 1. 20112 // 2. aSTA0 13175 / / 3. matsya purANa 113 // 43 meM gonarda prAcajanapadoM meM ginA gayA hai| 4. pUrva pRSTha 347 /

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mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali pataJjali se bhinna vyakti hai, aura mahAbhASyakAra bhI prAgdezAntargata gonada kA nahIM hai / vaha kazmIraja hai, yaha anupada likheMge / mahAbhASya 3 / 2 / 114 meM abhijAnAsi devadatta kazmIrAn gamijyAmaH, tatra saktUn pAsyAmaH' ityAdi udAharaNoM meM asakRt kazmIragamana kA ullekha milatA hai| isa ullekha se aisA pratIta hotA hai jaise 5 kazmIra jAne kI bar3I utkaNThA ho rahI ho / ina udAharaNoM ke AdhAra para kucha eka vidvAnoM kA mata hai ki pataJjali kI janmabhUmi kazmIra thii| mahAbhASya 3 / 2 / 123 se pratIta hotA hai ki pataJjali adhikatara pATaliputra meM nivAsa karatA thA / mahAbhASya meM vividha nirdezoM se vyakta hotA hai ki pataJjali mathurA, sAketa, kauzAmbI aura pATali- 10 putra prAdi se bhalI prakAra vija thaa| ata: pataJjali kI janmabhUmi kauna sI thI, yaha sandigdha hai| punarapi kazmIra ke rAjA abhimanyu aura jayApIDa dvArA mahAbhASya kA punaH-punaH uddhAra karAnA' vyakta karatA hai ki pataJjali kA kazmIra se koI viziSTa sambandha avazya thA / zAkhA aura caraNa-mahAbhASya pataJjali kisa zAkhA ke adhyetA 15 the, isa kA koI sAkSAt pramANa upalabdha nahIM hotaa| katipaya vyaktiyoM kI mAnyatA hai ki ve atharvaveda kI paippalAda zAkhA ke adhyetA the| isa meM yaha hetu dete haiM ki mahAbhASya ke prArambha meM cAroM vedoM ke jo Adi mantroM kI pratIkeM dI haiN| unameM atharvaveda kA Adi mantra zanno devI uddhRta kiyA hai| yaha paippalAda zAkhA kA prathama 20 mantra hai| hamane mahAbhASya meM uddhRta katipaya vaidika pAThoM kI samprati upalabdha zAkhAoM ke pAThoM se tulanA kI hai| usase hama isa pariNAma pahuMce haiM ki pataJjali kAThaka saMhitA ke pAThoM ko mukhyatA dete haiM / nidarzanArtha hama mahAbhASya meM nirdiSTa kucha pAThoM ko uddhRta 25 karate haiM (ka)-mahAbhASya 2|114-punrutsyuutN vAso deyam, punaniSkRto ryH| tulanA karo 1. draSTavya-pAge 'mahAbhASya kA aneka bAra lupta honA' anuzIrSaka lekh|

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5 saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa kAThaka saMo - punarutsyUtaM vAso deyam, punarutsRSTo'maDvAn, puna 0 15 362 niSkRto rathaH / 8|15|| maMtrAyaNI saMo - punarutsyUtaM vAso deyam, punarNavo rathaH, punarutsRSTo naDvAn | 1|7|2|| taittirIya saM0 - punarniSkRto ratho dakSiNA, punarutsyUtaM vAsaH / 1 / 5.2 / / kaiyaTa mahAbhASya meM uddhRta uddharaNa ko kAThaka saMhitA kA vacana mAnatA hai vaha likhatA hai - kAThake'ntodAttaH paThyate, tadabhiprAyeNa punaH zabdasya gatitvAbhAvAdidamudAharaNam / saMprati kAThaka saMhitA meM 10 brAhmaNa bhAga para svaracihna upalabdha nahIM hote / maitrAyaNo aura taittirIya saMhitA meM bhI antodAttatva dekhA jAtA hai, punarapi zrAnupUrvI kAThakasaMhitA se adhika sAmyatA rakhatI hai / 225 - zrAmbAnAM caruH, nAmbAnAM caruriti ( kha ) - mahAbhASya prApte / tulanA karo - kAThaka saM0 - zrAmbAnAM caruH 15|5|| taittirIya saM0 - zrAmbAnAM carum | 1|8|10|| maitrAyaNI saM0 - nAmbAnAM carum / 226|6|| ( ga ) mahAbhASya 224181 - cakSuSkAmaM yAjayAMcakAra pATha " udadhRta kiyA hai / yaha pATha upalabdha vaidika vAG maya meM kevala kAThaka - 20 saMhitA 11 / 1 meM milatA hai / (gha) mahAbhASya 1|1|10--prshshtaani kAryANi / tulanA karo -- kAThaka saM0 -- parazatAni kAryANi | 36 | 6 || maitrAyaNI saM0 --- paraHzatAni kAryANi / 1 / 10112 // isa tulanA se spaSTa hai ki mahAbhASyakAra kAThaka zAkhA ke pATha 25 kA prAthamikatA dete haiM / itanA hI nahIM, mahAbhASya 4 / 1 / 101 meM likhate haiM-- grAme grAme kAThakaM kAlApakaM ca procyte| yahAM kAThaka saMhitA kA vizeSa nirdeza kiyA hai / isa se spaSTa vidita hotA hai ki pataJjali kA kAThaka zAkhA ke sAtha koI viziSTa saMbandha thA / kAThaka zAkhA caraka caraNAntargata hai / ataH isake adhyetA caraka athavA carakAdhvaryu kahe jAte haiM / 30 kAThaka saMhitA prAcIna kAla meM kazmIra deza meM pracalita thI

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mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali / 363 paippalAda saMhitA kA bhI pracAra kSetra kazmora hI rahA hai / isa se yaha bhI spaSTa ho jAtA hai mahAbhASyakAra mUlataH kazmIra ke rahane vAle the| . . pataJjali-carita-rAmabhadra dokSita ne eka pataJjali-carita likhA hai, para vaha aitihAsika dRSTi se sarvathA aprAmANika hai| aneka pataJjali pataJjali-viracita tIna grantha isa samaya upalabdha haiM-sAmavedIya nidAnasUtra, yogasUtra aura mahAbhASya / sAmaveda kI eka pAtaJjalazAkhA bhI thI, isakA nirdeza kaI granthoM meM milatA hai|' yogasUtra ke vyAsabhASya meM kisI pataJjali kA eka mata uddhRta hai|' vAcaspatimizra ne nyAyavArtikatAtparya-TIkA meM yogadarzana ke vyAsabhASya 4 / 10 10 ke pATha ko svazabdoM meM uddhRta karate hue pataJjali ke nAma se smaraNa kiyA hai| sAMkhyakArikA kI yuktidIpikATIkA meM pataJjali ke sAMkhyasiddhAnta-viSayaka aneka mata uddhRta haiN| Ayurveda kI caraka-saMhitA bhI pataJjali dvArA pariSkRta mAnI jAtI hai| samudragupta-viracita kRSNacarita ke anusAra pataJjali ne caraka 15 meM kucha dharmAviruddha yogoM kA sanniveza kiyA thA / cakrapANi .1. dekho vaidika vAGmaya kA itihAsa bhAga 1, pRSTha 312 (dvi0 saM0) / 12. ayutasiddhAvayavabhedAnugataH samUho dravyamiti pataJjaliH / 3 // 44 // tulanA karo-sezvarasAMkhyAnAmAcAryasya pataJjalerityarthaH / guNasamUho dravyamiti pataJjaliH' iti yogabhASye spaSTam / nAgeza udyota 4 / 1 // 4 // 3. yathAstatra bhavantaH pataJjalipAdA:-'ko hi yogaprabhAvAdRte agatsyaiva samudraM pibati sa iva ca daNDakAraNyaM sRjati' iti / nyA0 vA. tA0 TIkA 13131 // pRSTha 9 / tulanA karo vyAsabhASya 4110-daNDakAraNyaM ca cittabalavyatirekeNa zarIreNa karmaNA zUnyaM kaH katu mutsaheta, samudramagastyavad vA pibet / hamAre vicAra meM yogadarzana kA vyAsabhASya pataJjali prokta hai / vyAsa 1 zabda kA artha hai vistRt| isase yaha bhI dhvanita hotA hai ki pataJjali ne svadarzana para vyAsa (=vistRta) tathA samAsa (=saMkSipta) do bhASya race the| 4. pRSTha 32, 100, 136 145, 146, 175 / 5. dharmAviyuktAzcarake yogA rogamuSaH kRtAH / munikavivarNana / AyurvedIya carakasaMhitA meM pataJjali ne yogoM kA saniveza kisa prakAra kiyA, isakA .. nirdeza hama Age kreNge| 6. dra0-pUrva pRSTha 357 Ti0 6 / / 20

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364 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa puNyarAja' aura bhojadeva' Adi aneka granthakAra mahAbhASya, yoga-sUtra aura carakasaMhitA ina tInoM kA kartA eka mAnate haiN| maiksamUlara ne SaDguruziSya kA eka pATha uddhRta kiyA hai, jisake anusAra yogadarzana aura nidAnasUtra kA kartA eka vyakti hai|' 5 mahArAjA samudragupta ne apane kRSNacarita kI prastAvanA meM pataJjali ke liye likhA hai-- vidyayodriktaguNatayA bhUmAvaratAM gtH| pataJjalimunivaro namasyo viduSAM sadA // kRtaM yena vyAkaraNabhASyaM vacanazodhanam / dharmAviyuktAzcarake yogA rogamuSaH kRtAH // mahAnandamayaM kAvyaM yogadarzanamadbhutam / yogavyAkhyAnabhUtaM tad racitaM cittadoSaham // arthAt mahAbhASya ke racayitA pataJjali ne caraka meM dharmAnukUla kucha yoga sammilita kiye, aura yoga kI vibhUtiyoM kA nidarzaka 15 yogavyAkhyAnabhUta 'mahAnandakAvya' racA / ___ isa varNana se spaSTa hai ki mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali kA carakasaMhitA aura yogadarzana ke sAtha kucha sambandha avazya hai / cakrapANi Adi granthakAroM kA lekha sarvathA kAlpanika nahIM hai| hamArA vicAra hai ki pAtaJjala zAkhA, nidAnasUtra aura yogadarzana kA racayitA pata20 jali eka hI vyakti hai, yaha ati prAcIna RSi hai / Anirasa pataJjali kA ullekha matsya purANa 165 / 25 meM milatA hai / pANini ne 2 / 4 / 66 meM upakAdigaNa meM pataJjali pada par3hA hai| mahAbhASyakAra inase bhinna vyakti hai aura vaha inakI apekSA arvA cIna hai| 25 1. tadevaM brahmakANDe 'kAyavAgbuddhiviSayA ye malAH' (kArikA 147) ityAdizlokena bhASyakAraprazaMsoktA / vAkyapadIyaTIkA kANDa 2, pRSTha 284 kAzI saMskaraNa / vastutaH isa kArikA meM bhASyakAra kI prazaMsA kA na koI prasaGga hI hai, aura na bhartRhari ne apanI svopazavyAkhyA meM isakI bhASyakAra kI prazaMsAparaka vyAkhyA hI kI hai| ataH puNyarAja kI yaha aprAsaMgika kliSTa 30 kalpanA hai| 2. pUrva pRSTha 357 tti07| 3. yogAcAryaH svayaM kartA yogshaastrnidaanyoH| A. L. S. pRSTha 236 meM uddhRta / 4. kapitaraH svastitaro dAkSiH zaktiH pataJjaliH /

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mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali 365 15 kAla pataJjali kA itivRtta andhakArAvRta hai, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiN| pataJjali ke kAla-nirNaya meM jo sahAyaka sAmagrI mahAbhASya meM upalabdha hotI hai, vaha isa prakAra hai-- 1. anuzoNaM pATaliputram / 2 / 1 / 15 // 2. jeyo vRSalaH / // 1 // 50 // 3. kANDIbhUtaM vRSalakulam / kuDyIbhUtaM vRSalakulam / 6 / 3 / 61 // 4. maurye hiraNyArthibhirarcAH prakalpitAH / 5 // 3 // 66 // 5. paragad yavanaH sAketam, aruNad yavano mAdhyamikAm / 3 / 2 / 111 // 10 6. puSyamitrasabhA, cndrguptsbhaa| 1 / 168 / / 7. mahIpAlavacaH zrutvA jughuSuH puSyamANavAH / eSa prayoga upapanno bhavati / 7 / 2 / 23 // . 8. iha puSyamitraM yAjayAmaH / 3 / 2 / 123 // 6. puSyamitro yajate, yAjakA yAjayanti / 3 / 1 / 26 / 20. yadA bhavadvidhaH kSatriyaM yAjayet / yadi bhavadvidhaH kSatriyaM yAjayet / 3 / 3 / 147 // ina uddharaNoM se nimna pariNAma nikalate haiM 1-prathama uddharaNa meM pATaliputra kA ullekha hai| mahAbhASya meM pATaliputra kA nAma aneka bAra AyA hai vAyu purANa 66 / 318 ke 20 anusAra mahArAja udayI (udAyI) ne gaMgA ke dakSiNa kala para kusumapura basAyA thaa|' sAmpratika aitihAsikoM kA mata hai ki kusumapura pATaliputra kA hI nAmAntara hai / ataH unake mata meM mahAbhASyakAra mahArAja udayI se arvAcIna hai| . 2-saMkhyA 2, 3 meM vaSala aura vaSalakUla kA nirdeza hai| saMkhyA 25 2 meM vRSala ko 'jItane yogya' kahA / saMkhyA 3 meM kisI mahAn vRSalakula ke kuDya ke sadRza atisaMkIrNa hone kA saMketa hai / yaha vRSalakula mauryakala hai| mudrArAkSasa meM cANakya candragupta ko prAyaH 'vRSala' nAma se saMbodhita karatA hai| mahAbhASya ke ina do uddharaNoM kI ora zrI 1. udAyI bhavitA yasmAt trayastrizatsamA nRpaH / sa vai puravaraM rAjA 30 pRthivyAM kusumAhvayam / gaGgAyA dakSiNe kUle caturthe'bde kariSyati //

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366 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa paM0 bhagavaddatta jI ne sabase prathama vidvAnoM kA dhyAna AkRSTa kiyA hai / ' vRSala zabda kA artha - samprati 'vRSala' zabda kA artha zUdra samajhA jAtA hai / vizvaprakAza - koza meM vRSala kA artha zUdra, candragupta maura azva likhA hai / vastutaH vRSala zabda devAnAMpriyaH " ke samAna dvayarthaka 5 hai / usakA eka artha hai pApI, aura dUsarA dharmAtmA / nirukta 3|16 meM 'vRSala' zabda kA artha likhA hai brAhmaNavad vRSalavad / brAhmaNa iva, vRSala iva / vRSalo vRSazIlo bhavati, vRSAzIlo vA / arthAt vRSala kA artha vRSa = dharma * + zIla aura vRSa = dharmaM + 10 prazIla hai / dvitIya artha meM zakandhu' ke samAna prakAra kA pararUpa hogA / inhIM do prathoM meM vRSalazabda kI do vyutpattiyAM bhI upalabdha hotI haiM / eka vRSaM - dharmaM lAti prAdatte iti vRSalaH hai / isI meM 'vRSAdibhyazcit' / isa uNAdisUtra se vRSa dhAtu se karttA meM kala 15 pratyaya hone para 'varSatIti' vRSalaH' vyutpatti hotI hai / dUsarA artha manusmRti meM likhA hai-- vRSo hi bhagavAn dharmastasya yaH kurute hyalam / vRSalaM taM vidurdavAstasmAddharmaM na lopayet // inhIM vibhinna pravRttinimittoM ko darzAne ke lie niruktakAra 20 ne do nirvacana darzAye haiM / arvAcIna granthakAroM ne maurya candragupta ke liye vRSala zabda kA prayoga dekhakara 'murA' nAmnI zUdra strI se candragupta ke utpanna hone kI kalpanA kI hai / yaha kalpanA aitihya - viruddha .30 1. bhAratavarSa kA itihAsa pRSTha 263, 274 dvitIya saMskaraNa / 2. vRSalaH kathitaH zUdre candragupte ca vAjini / pRSTha 156, zloka 0 / 'vAjini' ke sthAna para 'rAjani' pATha yukta pratIta hotA hai / 25 3. devatAoM kA pyArA aura mUrkha / isako na samajhakara bhaTToji dIkSita ne 'devAnAM priya iti copasaMkhyAnam' ( mahAbhASya 6 / 3 / 21 ) vArtika meM 'bhUkha' pada kA prakSepa kara diyA / si0 kau0 sUtrasaMkhyA 676 / 4. vRSo hi bhagavAn dharmaH / manu0 8 | 16 || 5. zaka + andhuH =zakandhuH / zakandhvAdiSu ca / vArtika 6 / 1 / 94 / / 6. paJca0 uNA0 1 / 101 // daza0 uNA0 8 / 106 / / 7. manu0 8 16 //

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mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali 367 hone se tyAjya hai| maurya kSatriya vaMza thaa|' vyAkaraNa ke niyamAnusAra murA kI saMtati maureya kahAyegI, maurya nhiiN| . ___ isa vivecanA se spaSTa hai ki mahAbhASya ke saMkhyA 2, 3 ke uddharaNoM meM maurya bRhadratha samakAlika mauryakala kI hInatA kA ullekha hai| saMkhyA 4 ke uddharaNa meM spaSTa mauryazabda kA ullekha hai| ataH 5 mahAbhASyakAra maurya rAjya ke anantara huaA hogaa| 3-saMkhyA 5 meM ayodhyA aura mAdhmamikA nagarI para kisI yavana ke AkramaNa kA ullekha hai| gArgIsaMhitA ke anusAra isa yavanarAja kA nAma dharmamIta thaa| vyAkaraNa ke niyamAnusAra 'aruNat zabda kA prayogakartA bhASyakAra yavanarAja dharmamIta kA samakAlika 10 honA cAhiye / 4-saMkhyA 6-6 cAra uddharaNoM meM spaSTa puSyamitra kA ullekha hai| kaI vidvAnoM kA mata hai ki saMkhyA 8 meM mahAbhASyakAra ke puSyamitrIya azvamedha kA Rtvik hone kA saMketa hai| saMkhyA 10 se isa kI puSTi hotI hai| isa meM kSatriya ko yajJa karAne kI nindA kI hai| 15 pataJjali kA yajamAna puSyamitra brAhmaNa vaMza kA thaa| 5-mahArAja samudragupta ke kRSNacarita kA aMza hamane pUrva uddhRta kiyA hai / usase jJAta hotA hai ki mahAmuni pataJjali ne koI 'mahAnandamaya' kAvya banAyA thaa| yadi mahAnanda zabda zleSa se mahAnanda padma kA vAcaka ho, to nizcaya hI pataJjali mahAnanda padma kA 20 uttaravartI hogaa| ___ ina pramANoM ke AdhAra para kahA jA sakatA hai ki mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali zuGgavaMzya mahArAja puSyamitra kA samakAlIna hai|' pAzcAtya 1. candraguptAya mauryakulaprasUtAya / kAmandaka nItisAra kI upAghyAyanirapekSA TIkA / alavara rAjakIya pustakAlaya sUcIpatra, pariziSTa pR0 110 / 25 2. aSTA0 4 / 1 / 121 // 3. nAgeza uddharaNAntargata maurya pada kA artha 'vikretu pratimAzilpavantaH' karatA hai| 4 yaha cittaur3agar3ha se 6 mIla pUrvottara dizA meM hai| samprati 'nagarI' nAma se prasiddha hai| 5. parokSe ca lokavijJAte prayokta darzanaviSaye / mahAbhASya 3 / 2 / 111 // 6. yaha lokaprasiddha matAnusAra likhA hai / apanA mata hama Age likhege| 30

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'368 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa tathA tadanuyAyI bhAratIya aitihAsika puSyamitra kA kAla vikrama se lagabhaga 150 varSa pUrva mAnate haiM / parantu aneka pramANoM se yaha mata yukta pratIta nahIM hotA / isa meM saMzodhana kI paryApta AvazyakatA hai / bhAratIya paurANika kAlagaNanAnusAra puSyamitra kA kAla vikrama se 5 lagabhaga 1200 varSa pUrva ThaharatA hai / cInI vidvAn mahAtmA buddha kA nirvANa vikrama se 600 se 1500 varSa pUrva vibhinnakAloM meM mAnate haiM / isI prakAra jaina granthoM meM mahAvIra svAmI ke nirvANa kI vibhinna tithiyAM upalabdha hotI haiM / ' ataH vinA vizeSa parIkSA kiye pAzcAttya aitihAsikoM dvArA nirdhArita kAlakrama mAnanIya nahIM ho sakatA / 10 aba hama mahAbhASyakAra ke kAlanirNaya ke liye bAhyasAkSya upasthita karate haiM candrAcArya dvArA mahAbhASya kA uddhAra . zrAcArya bhartRhari aura kalhaNa ke lekha se vidita hotA hai ki candrAcArya ne viluptaprAya mahAbhASya kA punaruddhAra kiyA thA / ataH 15 mahAbhASyakAra ke kAlanirNaya meM candrAcArya kA kAlajJAna mahAn sahAyaka hai / candrAcArya kA kAla bhI vivAdAspada hai, isaliye hama prathama candrAcArya ke kAla ke viSaya meM likhate haiM candrAcArya kA kAla kalhaNa ke lekhAnusAra candrAcArya kazmIrAdhipati mahArAja abhi20 manyu kA samakAlika thaa| usake matAnusAra abhimanyu kaniSka kA uttaravartI hai / kalhaNa ne kaniSka ko buddhanirvANa ke 150 varSa pazcAt likhA hai / buddhanirvANa ke viSaya meM aneka mata haiM / kalhaNa ne buddhanirvANa kI kaunasI tithi mAna kara kaniSka ko 150 varSa pazcAt likhA hai, yaha ajJAta hai| cInI yAtro hyUnasAMga likhatA hai - - ' buddha 25 1. bhAratavarSa kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga 1 pRSTha 121, 122 ( dvi0 [saM0 ) / 2. parvatAdAgamaM labdhvA bhASyabIjAnusAribhiH / sa nIto bahuzAkhatvaM candrAvAryAdibhiH punaH // vAkyapadIya 22456 || candrAcAryAdibhirlabdhvAdezaM tasmAttadAgamam / pravartitaM mahAbhASyaM svaM ca vyAkaraNaM kRtam / rAjataraGgiNI, taraGga 1, zloka 176 // 3. rAjataraGgiNI 1 / 174, 176 // 4. rAjataraGgiNI 1 / 172 //

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mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali 366 kI mRtyu se ThIka 400 varSa pIche kaniSka saMpUrNa jambU dvIpa kA samrATa bnaa| cInI granthakAra buddhanirvANa kI vikrama se 100-1500 varSa pUrva aneka vibhinna tithiyAM mAnate haiN| kalhaNaviracita rAjataraGgiNo ke anusAra abhimanyu se pratApAditya taka 21 rAjA hue (kaI pratApAditya ko vikramAditya mAnate haiN)| rAjataraGgiNI ke anusAra ina' 5 kA rAjyakAla 1014 varSa 6 mAsa 6 dina kA thA / kalhaNa ke lekhAnusAra vikramAditya ne mAtRgupta ko kazmIra kA rAjA banAyA thaa| mAtRgUpta abhimanyu se 31 pIr3hI pazcAt humA hai / usakA kAla abhimanyu se 1300 varSe 11 mAsa aura 6 dina uttaravartI haiN| kalhaNa ne prAcIna aitihAsika AdhAra para pratyeka rAjA kA varSa, mAsa aura 10 dinoM taka kI pUrI-pUrI saMkhyA dI hai / ataH usa ke kAla ko sahasA aprAmANika nahIM kahA jA sktaa| pAzcAttya aitihAsikoM ne abhimanyu kA kAla bahuta arvAcIna aura bhinna-bhinna mAnA hai / bilpharDa 423 varSa IsApUrva, bothaliMga 100 varSa IsApUrva, priMsip 73 varSa IsApUrva, lAsena 40 varSa IsApazcAt, aura sTAIna 400-500 15 varSa IsA pazcAta abhimanyu ko rakhate haiN|' pAzcAttya vidvAnoM dvArA nirdhArita kAlakrama kI apekSA bhAratIya paurANika aura rAjataraGgiNI kI kAlagaNanA adhika vizvAsanIya hai / rAjataraGgiNI kI kAlagaNanA meM thor3I sI bhUla hai, yadi use dUra kara diyA jAe, to donoM gaNanAeM lagabhaga samAna ho jAtI haiN| candrAcArya ke kAlanirNaya meM eka bAta aura dhyAna meM rakhanI caahie| vaha hai cAndravyAkaraNa 1 / 2 / 81 kA udAharaNa-ajayata joM hUNAn arthAt jarta ne hUNoM ko jItA / jata eka sImAnta kI purAnI jAti hai / mahAbhArata sabhA pUrva 47 / 26 meM jartoM ke lie lomazAH 'zRGgiNo narAH' prayoga milatA hai| durgasiMha ne uNAdi 2168 kI 25 vRtti meM 'jataH dIrgharomA likhA hai / vardhamAna gaNaratnamahodadhi kArikA 201 meM 'zaka' aura 'khasa' ke sAtha 'jata' zabda par3hatA hai| hemacandra uNAdivRtti (sUtra 200) meM jarta kA artha rAjA karatA hai| 1. niruktAlocanA pRSTha 65 draSTavya / 2. 'jata' zabda kA nirdeza paJca0 u0 5 / 46 tathA daza0 u0 6 / 25 meM 10 milatA hai|

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370 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa sambhava hai, hemacandra kA saMketa usI jarta rAjA kI prora ho, jisakI hUNoM kI vijaya kA ullekha cAndravyAkaraNa kI vRtti meM milatA hai / ramezacandra majumadAra ne cAndravyAkaraNa ke 'prajayat jata hUNAn' pATha ko badala kara 'zrajayad gupto hUNAn' banA diyA hai / " yaha bhayaGkara 5 bhUla hai / aneka vidvAnoM ne majumadAra mahodaya kA anukaraNa karake candragomI ke zrAzrayadAtA : abhimanyu kA kAla guptakAla ke anta meM vikrama kI pAMcavI zatAbdI meM mAnA hai / aura usI ke AdhAra para vAkyapadIyakAra bhartRhari ko bhI bahuta arvAcIna banA diyA hai / pAzcAtya matAnuyAyI prapane kAla-viSayaka Agraha ko siddha karane ke 10 liye prAcIna granthoM ke pAThoM ko kisa prakAra badalate haiM, yaha isa bAta kA eka udAharaNa hai / pATha badalate samaya mUla pATha kA nirdeza bhI na karatA, unakI durabhisandhi ko sUcita karatA hai / isa prakAra mahAbhASyakAra ko mahArAja puSyamitra kA samakAlike mAnane para vaha bhAratIya gaNanAnusAre vikrama se lagabhaga 1200 varSa 15 pUrvavartI avazya hai / mahAbhASyakAra ko puSyamitra kA samakAlika mAnane meM eka kaThinAI bhI hai / usakA yahAM nirdeza karanA Avazyaka haiM isase bhAvI itihAsa zodhakoM ko vicAra karane meM sugamatA hogI / hama pUrva likha cuke haiM ki vAyu purANa 66 / 319 ke anusAra mahA20 rAja udayI ne gaGgA ke dakSiNakUla para kusumapura nagara basAyA thA, vahI kAlAntara meM pATaliputra ke nAma se vikhyAta huA, aisA sAmpratika aitihAsikoM kA mata hai / gaGgA ke dakSiNakUla para sthati hone 1. e nyU hi0 Apha di i0 pI0 bhAga 6, pRSTha 167 / yahI bhUla DA0 velvAlkara ne 'sisTams grApha saMskRta grAmara pRSTha 58 para tathA vizvezvaranAtha 25 reU ne 'bhArata ke prAcIna rAjavaMza' pRSTha 288 para kI hai / 'jaina satyaprakAza' varSa 7 dIpotsavI aMka pRSTha 80 para bhI yahI bhUla hai / Azcarya kI bAta to yaha hai ki cAndravRtti meM spaSTa jarta pATha hai / usa mUla pATha ko kisI ne bhI dekhane kA yatna nahIM kiyaa| isa kA nAma hai andhaparamparA athavA 'gatAnugati ko lokaH' / 2. zrI paM0 bhagavaddattajI kRta bhAratavarSa 30 kA itihAsa dvitIya saMskaraNa pRSTha 325 / 3. dekho - gupta sAmrAjya kA itihAsa, dvitIya bhAga, pRSTha 156.

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371 mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali para anuzoNa sthiti utpanna ho sakatI hai| mudrArAkSasa nATaka meM maurya candragupta ke samaya pATaliputra kI sthiti anugaGga kahI hai, yaha anugaGga sthiti uttarakUla para thI, aura isa samaya bhI anugaGga sthiti uttarakUla para hai| parantu mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali pATaliputra ko anuzoNa likhatA hai| yadi mahAbhASyakAra ko zuGgakAla meM mAnA 5 jAye, to usakA pATaliputra ko anuzoNa likhanA upapanna nahIM ho sktaa| aneka pATaliputra nAgeza mahAbhASya 21111 ke 'kUto bhavAna pATaliputrAt' vacana kI vyAkhyA meM likhatA hai-kasmAt pATaliputrAd bhavAnAgata ityarthaH, 10 anekatvAt pATaliputrasya, tadavayavAnAM vA praznaH / isase sandeha hotA hai ki pATaliputra nAma kadAcit aneka nagaroM kA rahA ho| pATaliputra kA aneka bAra basanA paM0 satyavrata sAmazramI ne mahAvaMza nAmaka bauddhagrantha ke AdhAra para likhA hai-'zAkyamuni ke jIvanakAla meM ajAtazatra ne sona ke 15 kinAre pATalI meM grAma meM durganirmANa kiyA, use dekha kara bhagavAn buddha ne bhaviSyavANo kI-'yaha bhaviSya meM pradhAna nagara hogA' / ' mahArAja ajAtazatru udayo kA pUrvaja hai| isase spaSTa hai ki udayo ke kusumapura basani se pUrva koI pATalI grAma vidyamAna thaa| hamArA vicAra hai ki pATaliputra atyanta prAcIna nagara hai, aura 20 vaha indraprastha ke samAna aneka bAra ujar3A aura basA hai| pANini se pUrva pATaliputra kA ujar3anA, pATaliputra pANini se bahuta prAcIna nagara hai| vaha pANini se pUrva eka bAra ujar3a cukA thaa| gaNaratnamahodadhi meM vardhamAna likhatA haiM'puragA nAma kAcid rAkSasI tayA bhakSitaM pATaliputram, tasyA 25 nivaasH| . arthAt kisI puragA nAma kI rAkSasI ne pATaliputra ko ujAr3a diyA thaa| 1. niruktAlocana pRSTha 71 / 2. pRSTha 176 / /

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372 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa Ac yaha itihAsa kI atyanta mahattvapUrNa ghaTanA hai| isako surakSita rakhane kA zreya vardhamAna sUri ko hai / pATaliputra ke ujar3ane kI yaha ghaTanA pANini se prAcIna hai, kyoMki pANini ne 8 / 4 / 4 meM sAkSAt puragAvaNa kA ullekha kiyA hai| sambhava hai, isaliye mahAbhArata Adi meM pATaliputra kA varNana nahIM miltaa| isase spaSTa hai ki pATaliputra ko udayo ne hI nahIM basAyA thaa| vaha prAcIna nagara hai, aura kaI bAra ujar3A aura kaI bAra basA / bhagavAn tathAgata ke samaya pATalI grAma ko vidyamAnatA bhI isI ko puSTa karatI hai| ataH mahAbhASya meM pATaliputra kA ullekha hone mAtra se vaha udayI ke anantara nahIM ho 10 sktaa| pUrva uddharaNoM para bhinnarUpa se vicAra 1-mahAbhASya meM kahIM para bhI puSyamitra kA zuGga vA rAjA vizeSaNa upalabdha nahIM ho sakatA, aura na kahIM puSyamitra ke azvamedha karane kA hI saMketa hai / ataH yaha nAma bhI devadatta yajJadatta viSNumitra 15 Adi ke tulya sAmAnya pada nahIM hai, isameM koI hetu nhiiN| 2-yadi 'iha puSyamitraM yAjayAmaH' vAkya meM 'iha pada ko pATaliputra kA nirdezaka mAnA jAye. to usase uttaravartI 'iha adhImahe vAkya se mAnanA hogA ki pataJjali puSyamitra ke azvamegha ke samaya pATaliputra meM adhyayana kara rahA thaa| yaha artha mAnane para azvamedha karAnA, aura gurumukha se adhyayana karanA, donoM kArya eka sAtha nahIM ho sakate / ataH ina vAkyoM kA kisI athavizeSa meM saMketa mAnanA anupapanna hogaa| 3-'candraguptasabhA udAharaNa aneka hastalekhoM meM upalabdha nahIM hotA, aura jinameM milatA hai, unameM bhI 'puSyamitrasabhA' ke anantara 25 upalabdha hotA hai| yaha pAThakrama aitihAsika dRSTi se ayukta hai| 4-mahAbhASya ke pUrva uddhRta uddharaNa meM 'vRSala' zabda kA bahuprasiddha adharmAtmA artha bhI ho sakatA hai / vRSala kA artha kevala candragupta hI nahIM hai| 5-mauryavaza prAcIna hai, usakA prArambha candragupta se hI nahIM 30 1. vanaM puragAmizrakAsidhrakAsArikAkoTarAgrebhyaH / 20

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mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali 373 huA / ataH kevala mauryapada kA ullekha hone se vizeSa pariNAma nahIM nikAlA jA sakatA / mahAbhASya ke TIkAkAroM ke mata meM maurya zabda zilpivAcaka hai|' 6-'aruNad yavanaH sAketam, aruNad yavano mAdhyamikAma' meM kisI yavana rAjavizeSa kA sAkSAta ullekha nahIM hai / itanA hI nahIM, 5 kAlayavana nAmaka ati prAcIna yavana samrAT ne bhArata ke eka bar3e bhAga para AkramaNa kiyA thA, aura isa deza para bhArI atyAcAra kiye the| ise zrIkRSNa ne mArA thaa| bhAratIya Arya bahuta prAcIna kAla se yavanoM se paricita the| rAmAyaNa-mahAbhArata Adi meM yavanoM kA bahudhA ullekha upalabdha hotA hai| ataH kevala itane nirdaza se kAlavizeSa 10 kI siddhi nahIM ho sktii| 7-bhartRhari aura kalhaNa ke pramANa se hama pUrva likha cuke haiM ki candrAcArya ne naSTa huye mahAbhASya kA punaruddhAra kiyA thaa| mahAn prayatna karane para use dakSiNa se ekamAtra prati upalabdha huI thii| bahuta sambhava hai candrAcArya ne naSTa huye mahAbhASya kA usI prakAra pariSkAra 15 kiyA ho, jaise naSTa huI agniveza-saMhitA kA caraka aura dRDhabala ne, tathA kAzyapa-saMhitA kA jIvaka ne pariSkAra kiyA thaa| samudraguptakRta kRSNacarita kA saMketa samudragupta-viracita 'kRSNacarita' kA jo aMza upalabdha huA hai, usameM munikaviyoM aura rAjakaviyoM kA jo bhI varNana kiyA gayA hai, 20 vaha kAlakramAnusAra hai / yaha bAta donoM prakAra ke kavivarNanoM se spaSTaH hai| samudragupta ne pataJjali kA varNana devala ke pazcAta aura bhAsa sa pUrva kiyA hai| yadyapi bhAsa kA kAla bhI vivAdAspada hI hai, tathApi bhAsa ke pratijJAyaugandharAyaNa nATaka ke eka zloka kA nirdeza kauTalya artha- 5 zAstra meM hone se itanA spaSTa hai ki bhAsa AcArya cANakya se arthAt candragupta maurya se pUrvabhAvI hai| adhika sambhAvanA yahI hai ki vaha * 1. mauryAH-vikretu pratimAzilpavantaH / nAgeza, bhASyapradIpodyota / 5366 // 2. dra0-pUrva pR0 210, Ti03 / 3. navaM zarAvaM salilasya puurnn.........| 10 yau0 4 / 2 / arthazAstra 10 // 3 // 30

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374 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa mahArAja udayana kA samakAlika ho / ataH bhAratIya itihAsa ke anusAra bhAsa kA kAla vikrama se lagabhaga 1500 varSa pUrva hai / isa yataH samudragupta ne pataJjali kA varNana bhAsa se pUrva kiyA hai, liye usakA kAla 1500 vi0 pUrva se avazya hI pUrva honA cAhiye / ukta mata kA sAdhaka pramANAntara zrAyurvedIya caraka saMhitA meM likhA hai ki isa kAla meM arthAta kali ke prArambha meM manuSyoM kI ausata Ayu 100 varSa hai / ' pratyeka - 100 varSa ke pazcAt manuSya kI ausata Ayu meM eka varSa kA hrAsa hotA hai / " mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali ne prathamAhnika meM likhA hai-ki punaradyatve yaH sarvathA ciraM jIvati varSazataM jIvati / isase spaSTa hai ki bhASyakAra ke samaya manuSya kI prAyika Ayu 100 varSa nahIM thI / caraka - vacana kA upodbalaka bAhya sAkSya - caraka saMhitA meM manuSya 15 kIM zrAyu kA jo nirdeza kiyA hai, aura uttarottara prAyu hrAsa ke jisa vaijJAnika tattva kA saMketa kiyA hai, usakA sAkSya abhAratIya granthoM meM bhI milatA hai | bAibala meM likhA hai hamArI Ayu ke barasa sattara to hote haiM, aura cAhe bala ke kAraNa assI barasa bhI hoM, to bhI una para kA ghamaNDa kaSTa aura vyartha bAta 20 ThaharatA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki IsAmasIha ke samaya manuSya kI prAyika prAyu 70 varSa kI mAnI jAtI thIM / bhAratIya aitihAsika kAlagaNanAnusAra IsAmasIha kA kAla kali saMvat 3100 meM hai / isa prakAra kaliArambha se lekara IsAmasIha taka 3000 varSa meM caraka ke prati sau 5 varSa meM 1 varSa ke hrAsa ke niyamAnusAra 30 varSa kA hrAsa honA svAbhAvika hai / isase yaha pramANita ho jAtA hai ki caraka saMhitA 1. varSazataM khalvAyuSaH pramANamasmin kAle / zArIra 6 / 26 // 2. saMvatsare zate pUrNe yAta saMvatsaraH kSayam / dehinAmAyuSaH kAle yatra yanmAnamiSyate / vimAna 3 / 31 // 3. purAnA niyama, bhajana saMhitA a0 e0 pRSTha 567, mizana presa ilAhAbAda, san 1916 /

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mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali 375 IsAmasIha se 3000 varSa prAcIna to avazya hai / arthAt bhAratIya kAlagaNanA ThIka hai / pAzcAttya vidvAnoM ne IsA se 1400 varSa pUrva jo bhArata yuddha kI sthApanA kI hai, vaha nitAnta azuddha hai| ukta niyamAnusAra bhASyakAra kA kAla-pataJjali ne 'yaH sarvathA ciraM jIvati' zabdoM se jisa bhAva ko vyakta kiyA hai, usI bhAva ko 5 bAibala meM cAhe bala ke kAraNa zabdoM se prakaTa kiyA gayA hai| isaliye ina donoM varNanoM kI tulanA se spaSTa hai ki sAmAnya prAyu ko prayatnapUrvaka 10 varSa aura bar3hAyA jA sakatA hai| isI niyama ke anusAra bhASyakAra ke zabdoM se yahI abhiprAya nikalatA hai ki bhASyakAra ke samaya sAmAnya prAyu 60 varSa kI thI, aura cirajIvI 100 10 varSa taka bhI jIte the| isa prakAra caraka ke AyurvijJAna ke niyamAnusAra pataJjali kA kAla 2000 vikrama pUrva honA cAhiye usase uttaravartI nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| 2000 vi0 pU0 mAnane meM Apatti-mahAbhASyakAra ko 2000 vi0 pUrva mAnane meM sabase bar3I Apatti yahI AtI haiM ki mahAbhASya meM 15 pATaliputra vRSalakula (= candragupta mauryakula), sAketa aura mAdhyamikA para yavana prAkramaNa, puSyamitra, candragupta Adi kA varNana milatA hai|' inake kAraNa mahAbhASyakAra ko zuGgavaMzIya puSyamitra se pUrva kA nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| samAdhAna-ina ApattiyoM kA sAmAnya samAdhAna hamane pUrva pRSTha 20 366-373 taka kiyA hai / vizeSa yahAM likhate haiM - mahAbhASya kA pariSkAra-mahAbhASya kA jo pATha isa samaya milatA hai, vaha akSarazaH pataJjaliviracita hI hai, aisA kahanA bhAratIya aitihAsika paramparA se muMha mor3anA hai / bhAratIya paramparA meM pacAsoM grantha aise haiM, jinakA uttarottara prAcAryoM dvArA pariSkAra 25 hone para bhI ve grantha mUla granthakAra athavA prAdya pariSkAraka ke nAma : se hI vikhyAta hai mAnavadharmazAstra kA nyUnAtinyUna . tIna vAra, pariSkAra huA, punarapi vaha mUlataH manusmati ke nAma se hI prasiddha hai| mahAbhArata kA vartamAna svarUpa bhI vyAsapraNIta bhArata ke tIna pariSkAroM ke anantara 30 1. dra0--pUrva pRSTha 363-366 / ... /

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376 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa sampanna huaA hai, parantu ise vyAsa-viracita hI kahA jAtA hai / vAlmIki rAmAyaNa ke tIna pATha samprati pratyakSa haiM, ye pariSkAra bheda se sampanna hue haiM, parantu tInoM vAlmoki-viracita kahe jAte haiM / caraka-saMhitA ke bhI 3-4 vAra pariSkAra huye| isI prakAra anya granthoM kI bhI vyavasthA samajhanI caahiye| mahAbhASya ke vartamAna pATha kA pariSkAraka -mahAbhASya kA vartamAna meM jo pATha milatA hai, usakA pradhAna pariSkAraka hai prAcArya candragomI / bhartRhari aura kalhaNa ke pramANa hama pUrva pRSTha (368, Ti. 2) para uddhRta kara cuke haiM, aura anupada punaH uddhRta kareMge / unase 10 spaSTa hai ki kazmIrAdhipati mahArAja abhimanyu ke pUrva mahAbhASya kA na kevala paThana-pAThana hI lupta ho gayA thA, apitu usake hastalekha bhI naSTaprAyaH ho cuke the| candrAcArya ne mahAn prayatna karake dakSiNa ke kisI pArvatya pradeza se usakA ekamAtra hastalekha prApta kiyaa| grantha ke paThana-pAThana ke lupta ho jAne se, tathA hastalekhoM ke durlabha 15 ho jAne para granthoM kI kyA durdazA hoto hai, yaha kisI bhI vijJa vidvAn se chipI nahIM hai| isa prakAra grantha ke avyavasthita ho jAne para usakA punaH pariSkAra atyanta Avazyaka ho jAtA hai| usa pariSkAra meM pariSkartA dvArA navIna aMzoM kA samAveza sAdhAraNa bAta hai / isaliye hamArA dRDha mata hai ki mahAbhASya meM jo pUrva-nirdiSTa prasaMga 20 Aye haiM, ve pariSkartA candrAcArya dvArA sanniviSTa haye haiN| mahAbhASya kAra pataJjali zuGgavaMzIya puSyamitra se bahuta prAcIna hai, anyathA bhAratIya aitihya-paramparA kA mahAn jJAtA mahArAja samudragupta apane kRSNacarita meM pataJjali kA vaNana mahAkavi bhAsa se pUrva kadApi na krtaa| 1. dRr3havala ne jaba caraka kA pariSkAra kiyA, usa samaya caraka ke cikitsAsthAna ke 13 veM adhyAya se Age ke 40 adhyAya naSTa ho cuke the| unheM daDabala ke aneka tantroM ke sAhAyya se pUrA kiyaa| parantu zailI vahI rakkhI, jo granya meM prArambha se vidyamAna thii| dRr3habala svayaM likhatA hai - atastentrotamabhidaM carakeNAtibuddhinA // saMskRtaM tattvasaMpUrNa tribhAgenopa30 lakSyate / tacchekara bhUtapati samprasAdya samApayat // akhaNDA) dRDhabalo jAtaH paJcanade pure / siddhi0 12 / 66-68 //

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mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali 377 isa vivecanA kA sAra yahI hai ki mahAbhASya ke candragomI dvArA pariSkRta vartamAna pATha ke AdhAra para bhASyakAra pataJjali ke kAla kA nirdhAraNa karanA anyAyya hai / yadi hamAre dvArA pradarzita 2000 vi0 pUrva kAla na bhI mAnA jAye, aura zuGgavaMzIya puSyamitra kA samakAlika hI mAnA jAye, taba bhI vaha vikrama pUrva 1200 varSa se 5 uttaravartI nahIM ho sakatA / pAzcAttya vidvAnoM kA puSyamitra ko 150 varSa IsA pUrva meM rakhanA sarvathA bhAratIya satya aitihAsika kAla-gaNanA ke viparIta hai| nizcaya hI pAzcAttya vidvAnoM dvArA nirdhArita bhArata ke prAcIna itihAsa kI rUparekhA IsAIyata ke pakSapAta aura rAjanaitika durabhisandhi ke kAraNa var3e prayatna se nirmita hai / ataH vaha prAMkha mUda 10 kara kisI vijJa bhAratIya dvArA svIkRta nahIM kI jA sktii| use aparIkSita-kAraka ke samAna svIkAra karanA bhAratIya jJAna-vijJAna aura svIya sAmarthya kA apamAna karanA hai / mahAbhASya kI racanAzalI yadyapi mahAbhASya vyAkaraNazAstra kA grantha hai, tathApi anya vyAka- 15 raNa granthoM ke sadaza vaha zuSka aura ekAGgI nahIM haiM / isa meM vyAkaraNa jaise kliSTa aura zuSka viSaya ko atyanta sarala aura rasasa DhaMga se hRdayaMgama karAyA hai| isakI bhASA lambe-lambe samAsoM se rahita, choTe-choTe vAkyoM se yukta, atyanta sarala, parantu bahuta prAJjala aura sarasa hai| koI bhI asaMskRtajJa vyakti do tIna mAsa ke parizrama se 20 ise samajhane yogya saMskRta sIkha sakatA hai / lekhanazailI ko dRSTi se yaha grantha saMskRta-vAGamaya meM saba se adbhuta hai| koI bhI anya isa kI racanA-zailI kI samatA nahIM kara sakatA / zabara svAmI ne mahAbhASya ke prAdarza para apanA mImAMsA-bhASya likhane kA prayAsa kiyA, parantu usakI bhASA itanI prAJjala nahIM hai, vAkyaracanA lar3akhar3AtI 25 hai, aura aneka sthAnoM meM usakI bhASA apane bhAva ko vyakta karane meM asamartha haiN| svAmI zaMkarAcAryakRta vedAntabhASya kI bhASA yadyapi prAJjala aura bhAva vyakta karane meM samartha hai, tathApi mahAbhASya jaisI sarala aura svAbhAvika nahIM hai / caraka-saMhitA ke gadyabhAga kI bhASA yadyapi mahAbhASya jaisI sarala prAJjala aura svAbhAvika hai, tathApi 30 usakI viSaya-pratipAdana zailI mahAbhASya jaisI utkRSTa nahIM hai / ataH

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378 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa bhASA kI saralatA, prAJjalatA, svAbhAvikatA, aura viSaya pratipAdana - zailI kI utkRSTatA Adi kI dRSTi se yaha grantha samasta saMskRtavAGmaya meM prArdazabhUta hai / mahAbhASya kI mahattA mahAbhASya vyAkaraNazAstra kA atyanta pramANika grantha hai / kyA prAcIna kyA navIna samasta pANinIya vaiyAkaraNa mahAbhASya ke sanmukha natamastaka haiM / mahAmuni pataJjali ke kAla meM pANinIya aura anya prAcIna vyAkaraNa granthoM kI mahatI grantharAzi vidyamAna thI / pataJjali ne pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke vyAkhyAnamiSa se mahAbhASya meM una samasta 10 granthoM kA sArasaMgraha kara diyA / mahAbhASya meM ullikhita prAcIna AcAryoM kA nirdeza hama vArtikakAra ke prakaraNa meM kara cuke haiM / isI prakAra mahAbhASya meM anya prAcIna vyAkaraNa-granthoM se udghRta katipaya vacanoM kA ullekha bhI pUrva ho cukA hai / mahAbhASya kA sUkSma paryAlocana karane se vidita hotA hai ki yaha grantha kevala vyAkaraNazAstra 15 kA hI prAmANika grantha nahIM hai, apitu samasta vidyAoM kA prAkaragrantha hai / ata eva bhartRhari ne vAkyapadIya ( 22466 ) meM likhA hai - kRte'tha pataJjalinA guruNA tIrthadazanA / sarveSAM nyAyabIjAnAM mahAbhASye nibandhane // mahAbhASya kA aneka bAra lupta honA 20 uparyukta lekha se spaSTa hai ki pAtaJjala mahAbhASya bahuta prAcIna grantha hai | itane sudIrgha kAla meM mahAbhASya ke paThana-pAThana kA zraneka vArA uccheda huA / itihAsa se vidita hotA hai ki mahAbhASya kA lopa nyUnAtinyUna tIna vAra avazya huA / yathA 30 - prathama vAra - bhartRhari ke lekha se vidita hotA hai ki baiji saubhava 25 aura haryakSa prAdi zuSka tArkikoM ne mahAbhASya kA pracAra naSTa kara diyA thA | candrAcArya ne mahAn parizrama karake dakSiNa ke kisI pArvatya pradeza se eka hastalekha prApta kara usakA punaH pracAra kiyA / bhartRhari kA lekha isa prakAra hai baijisaubhava haryakSaH zuSkatarkAnusAribhiH / zrArSe viplAvite granthe saMgrahapratikaJcuke ||

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mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali yaH pataJjaliziSyebhyo bhraSTo vyAkaraNAgamaH / kAle sa dAkSiNAtyeSu granthamAtre vyavasthitaH || parvatAdAgamaM labdhvA bhASyabIjAnusAribhiH / sa nIto bahuzAkhatvaM candrAcAryAdibhiH punaH // ' 379 kalhaNa ne likhA hai ki candrAcArya ne mahArAja abhimanyu ke pradeza 5 se mahAbhASya kA uddhAra kiyA thA / dvitIya vAra - kalhaNa kI rAjataraGgiNI se jJAta hotA hai ki vikrama kI 8 vIM zatAbdI meM mahAbhASya kA pracAra punaH naSTa ho gayA thA / kazmIra ke mahArAja jayApIDa ne dezAntara se 'kSIra' saMjJaka zabda - vidyopAdhyAya ko bulAkara vicchinna mahAbhASya kA pracAra punaH 10 karAyA / kalhaNa kA lekha isa prakAra haiM dezAntarAdAgamayyAtha vyAcakSANAn kSamApatiH / prAvartayata vicchinnaM mahAbhASyaM svamaNDale / kSorAbhidhAnAcchandavidyopAdhyAyAt saMbhRtazrutaH / budhaiH saha yayau vRddhiM sa jayApIDa paNDitaH // 15 mahArAja jayApIDa kA zAsana kAla vikrama saM0 808 - 839 taka hai / eka vaiyAkaraNa kSIrasvAmI kSIrataraGgiNI, amarakozaTIkA Adi aneka granthoM kA racayitA hai| kalhaNa dvArA smRta ' kSIra' isa kSIrasvAmI se bhinna vyakti hai / kSIrasvAmI apane granthoM meM mahArAja bhoja aura usake sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa ko bahudhA uddhRta karatA hai / ataH 20 isa kSIrasvAmI kA kAla vikrama kI 11 vIM zatAbdI kA uttarArdha hai / * tRtIya vAra - vikrama kI 18vIM aura 16vIM zatAbdI meM siddhAntakaumudI aura laghuzabdenduzekhara Adi arvAcIna granthoM ke atyadhika pracAra ke kAraNa mahAbhASya kA paThana-pAThana prAyaH lupta ho gayA thA / kAzI ke aneka vaiyAkaraNoM kI abhI taka dhAraNA hai 1. vAkyapadIya 2487, 488, 486 // 2. candrAcAryAdibhirlabdhvAdezaM tasmAttadAgamam / pravartitaM mahAbhASyaM svaM ca vyAkaraNaM kRtam // rAjataraGgiNI 1 / 176 // 3. rAjataraGgiNI 11488, 486 // 4. kSIrataraGgiNI kI racanA jayasiMha ke rAjyakAla ( vi0 saM0 1985 - 1995) meM huI / dra0 - pANinIya dhAtupATha vyAkhyAtA, zra0 21 / 30.

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5 380 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kaumudI yadi kaNThasthA vRthA bhASye parizramaH / kaumudI yadyakaNThasthA vathA bhASye parizramaH // ' pahile do vAra AcArya candra aura kSIra ne mahAbhASya kA uddhAra tAtkAlika samrAToM kI sahAyatA se kiyA, parantu isa vAra mahAbhASya kA uddhAra kaupInamAtradhArI paramahaMsa daNDI svAmI virajAnanda aura unake ziSya svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ne kiyaa| zrI svAmI virajAnanda ne tAtkAlika paNDitoM kI pUrvokta dhAraNA ke viparIta ghoSaNA kI thI aSTAdhyAyImahAbhASye dve vyAkaraNapustake / tato'nyat pustakaM yattu tatsarva dhUrtaceSTitam // Aja bhAratavarSa meM yatra-tatra jo kucha thor3A-bahuta mahAbhASya kA paThana-pAThana upalabdha hotA hai, usakA zreya inhIM donoM guru-ziSyoM ko 10 mahAbhASya ke pATha kI avyavasthA 15 hamAre pUrva lekha se spaSTa hai ki mahAbhASya ke paThana-pAThana kA aneka vAra uccheda huA hai / isa uccheda ke kAraNa mahAbhASya ke pAThoM meM bahuta avyavasthA utpanna ho gaI hai| bhartRhari, kaiyaTa aura nAgeza zrAdi TIkAkAra aneka sthAnoM para pAThAntaroM ko udhata karate haiN| nAgeza kaI sthAnoM meM mahAbhASya ke apapAThoM kA nidarzana karAtA hai| 20 aneka sthAnoM meM mahAbhASya kA pATha pUrvApara vyasta ho gayA hai / TIkAkAroM ne kahIM-kahIM usakA nirdeza kiyA hai, kaI sthAna vinA nirdeza kiye chor3a diye haiM / sambhava hai TIkAkAroM ke samaya ve pATha ThIka rahe hoM, aura pIche se mUla tathA TIkA kA pATha vyasta ho gayA ho| isI prakAra aneka sthAnoM meM mahAbhASya ke pATha naSTa ho 25 gaye haiN| hama unameM se kucha sthaloM kA nirdeza karate haiM 1-aSTAdhyAyI ke 'avyayIbhAvazca" sUtra ke bhASya meM likhA hai1. isakA eka pAThAntara isa prakAra hai kaumudI yadi nAyAti vRthA bhASye prishrmH| kaumudI yadi cAyAti vRthA bhASye prishrmH|| bhAva donoM kA eka hI hai| 2. aSTA0 131 // 41 //

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mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali 351 prasya cvau-avyayapratiSedhazcodyate, doSAbhUtamahardivAbhUtA rAtrirityevamartham / sa ihApi prApnoti-upakumbhIbhUtam, upamaNikIbhUtam / ___ mahAbhASyakAra ne 'prasya cvau' sUtra ke viSaya meM 'avyayapratiSedhazcodyate' likhA hai / samprati mahAbhASya meM 'asya cvau' sUtra kA bhASya upalabdha nahIM hotaa| sampUrNa mahAbhASya meM kahIM anyatra bhI 'asya 5 cvau' ke viSaya meM 'avyayapratiSedhaH' kA vidhAna nahIM / ataH spaSTa hai ki mahAbhASya meM 'prasya cvau' sUtra-sambandhI bhASya naSTa ho gayA hai| 2-mahAbhASya 4 / 2 / 60 ke anta meM nimna kArikA udghRta hai anusUrlakSyalakSaNe sarvasAdvigozca laH / ikana padottarapadAt zataSaSTe: Sikan pathaH // mahAbhASya meM isa kArikA ke kevala dvitIya caraNa kI vyAkhyA upalabdha hotI hai| isase pratIta hotA hai ki kabhI mahAbhASya meM zeSa tIna caraNoM kI vyAkhyA bhI avazya rahI hogI, jo isa samaya anupalabdha hai| 3-pataJjali ne 'kRnmejantaH" sUtra ke bhASya meM 'sannipAtalakSaNo vidhiranimittaM tadvighAtasya' paribhASA ke kucha doSa ginAye haiN| kaiyaTa isa sUtra ke pradIpa ke anta meM una doSoM kA samAdhAna darzAtA huA saba se prathama 'kaSTAya' pada meM dIrghatva kI prApti kA samAdhAna karatA hai| mahAbhASya meM pUrvokta paribhASA ke doSa-parigaNana prasaMga meM 'kaSTAya 20 padasambandhI dIrghatva kI aprApti' doSa kA nirdeza upalabdha nahIM hotaa| ataH nAgeza likhatA hai___ kaSTAyeti yAdezo dIrghatvasyeti grantho bhASyapustakeSu bhraSTo'to na doSaH / arthAt-doSa-nidarzana prasaMga meM 'kaSTAyeti yAdezo dIrghatvasya' 25 ityAdi pATha bhASya meM khaNDita ho gayA hai| ataH kaiyaTa kA doSa- parihAra karanA prayukta nhiiN| * 4-kaiyaTa 8 / 4 / 47 ke mahAbhaSya-pradIpa meM likhatA hai 'nAyaM prasajyapratiSedhaH' iti pATho'yaM lekhakapramAdAnnaSTaH / 1. aSTA0 11 // 36 //

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382 saMskRta vyAkaraNazAstra kA itihAsa ' arthAt-mahAbhASya meM 'nAyaM prasajyapratiSedhaH' pATha lekhaka-pramAda se naSTa ho gayA, arthAt apabhraSTa ho gayA / - 5-vAkyapadIya 242 kI svopajJa vyAkhyA meM bhartRhari bhASya ke nAma se eka lambA pATha udadhRta karatA hai| yaha pATha mahAbhASya meM 5. samprati upalabdha nahIM hotA / ' / ina katipaya uddharaNoM se spaSTa hai ki mahAbhASya kA jo pATha samprati upalabdha hotA hai, vaha kaI sthAnoM para khaNDita hai / - mahAbhASya kA prakAzana yadyapi kaI sthAnoM se huA hai, tathApi isakA abhI taka jaisA utkRSTa parizuddha saMskaraNa honA cAhiye, vaisA prakAzita nahIM huaa| DA. kIlahAna kA saMskaraNa ho isa samaya sarvotkRSTa hai / parantu usa meM abhI saMzodhana kI paryApta apekSA hai / DA0 kIlahAna ke anantara mahAbhASya ke aneka prAcIna hastalekha aura TIkAyeM upalabdha ho gaI haiM, unakA bhI pUrA-pUrA upayoga naye saMskaraNa meM honA caahiye| ___ anya grantha - hama prArambha meM likha cuke haiM ki pataJjali ke nAma se samprati tIna grantha upalabdha hote haiM-nidAnasUtra, yogadarzana aura mahAbhASya / inameM se nidAnasUtra aura yogadarzana donoM kisI prAcIna pataJjali kI racanAyeM haiN| 1-mahAnanda kAvya -mahArAjA samudragupta viracitaM kRSNacarita ke tIna padya hamane pUrva pRSTha 364 meM uddhRta kiye haiN| unase vidita hotA hai ki mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali ne 'mahAnanda' vA 'mahAnandamaya' nAma mahAkAvya racA thaa| isa kAvya meM pataJjali ne kAvya ke miSa se yoga kI vyAkhyA kI thii| isa 'mahAnanda' kAvya kA magadha25 samrAT mahAnanda se koI sambandha nahIM thaa| ..2-caraka kA pariSkAra-hama pUrva likha cuke haiM ki cakrapANi, puNyarAja aura bhojadeva Adi aneka granthakAra pataJjali ko carakasaMhitA kA prati saMskAraka mAnate haiM / samudraguptaviracita kRSgavarita ke 1. sa cAyaM vAkyapadayorAdhikyayorbhedo bhASya evopavyAkhyAtaH / atazca 10 tatra bhavAn mAha-pathaikapadagataprAtipadike heturaakhyaayte| .....

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mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali 383 pUrva pRSTha 364 meM uddhRta zlokoM se bhI pratIta hotA hai ki mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali ne caraka-saMhitA meM kucha dharmAviruddha yogoM kA saniveza kiyA thaa| caraka saMhitA ke pratyeka sthAna ke anta meM likhA hai-'agnivezakRte tantre carakapratisaMskRte / ' kyA caraka pataJjali kA hI nAmAntara hai ? ___ hamane pUrva pRSTha 362 mahAbhASya meM uddhRta kucha vaidika pAThoM kI samprati upalabhyamAna zAkhAoM ke pAThoM se tulanA prastuta kI hai / usase hama isa pariNAma para pahuMce haiM ki pataJjali kA saMbandha kRSNayajurvedIya kAThaka-saMhitA ke sAtha thA / kAThaka-saMhitA 'caraka' caraNAntargata hai / ataH usakA 'caraka' caraNa hone se use 'caraka' kaha 10 sakate haiN|' zrI paM0 gurupada hAladAra ne 'vRddhatrayI' meM likhA hai ki-pataJjali ne AyurvedIya caraka-saMhitA para koI vArtika grantha likhA thaa|' isa vArtika kA kartA mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali hai| paNDita gurupada hAladAra ne rasa-rasAyana-dhAtu-vyAyAra-viSayaka pataJjali ke kaI 15 vacana bhI udhRta kiye haiN|' 3- siddhAnta-sArAvalI-vAtaskandhapaittaskandhopeta-siddhAntasArA.valI nAmaka vaidyaka grantha pataJjali-viracita hai, aisA paM0 gurupada hAladAra ne likhA hai| __4-koSa-koSa-granthoM kI aneka TIkAnoM meM vAsuki, zeSa, 20 bhogIndra, phaNipati Adi nAmoM se kisI koSa-grantha ke uddharaNa upalabdha hote haiN| hemacandra apane 'abhidhAnacintAmaNi koSa kI TokA' ke prArambha meM anya koSakAroM ke sAtha vAsuki kA nirdeza karatA hai| parantu grantha meM usa ke aneka pATha zeSa ke nAma se udhata karatA hai| ataH zeSa aura vAsuki donoM eka haiN| 'vizvaprakAza koSa' ke prArambha 25 (1 / 16, 19) meM bhogIndra aura phaNipati donoM nAma milate haiM / rAghava 'nAnArthamaJjarI' ke prArambha meM zeSakAra kA nAma uddhRta karatA 1. dra0--kaThacarakAlluk (aSTA0 4 / 3 / 107) carakaproktAM saMhitAm pradhIyate vidanti vA te crkaaH| 2. vRddhatrayI, pRSTha 26.31 // 3. vRddhatrayI, pR0 26, 30 / / 4. vRddhatrayI, pRSTha 26 / 30

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384 saMskRta vyAkaraNa kA itihAsa hai / kaiyaTa 'mahAbhASya' 4 / 2 / 63 ke pradIpa meM pataJjali ko nAganAtha ke nAma se smaraNa karatA hai|' cakrapANi 'carakaTIkA' ke Adi meM pataJjali kA ahipati nAma se nirdeza karatA hai| ataH zeSa, vAsuki, bhogondra, phaNipati, ahipati aura nAganAtha prAdi saba nAma paryAya haiN| aneka granthakAra pataJjali ko padakAra ke nAma se smaraNa karate haiN|' isa se pratIta hotA hai ki pataJjali ne koI koSa-grantha bhI racA thA / hemacandra dvArA abhidhAnacintAmaNi kI TIkA' (pRSTha 101) meM zeSa ke nAma se uddhRta pATha meM buddha ke paryAyoM kA nirdeza upalabdha hotA hai| sambhava hai yaha koSa Adhunika ho| 5-sAMkhya-zAstra-zeSa ne sezvara sAMkhya kA eka kArikAgranya racA thA / usakA nAma thA 'prAryApaJcAzoti' / abhinavagupta ne isI meM kucha parivartana karake isakA nAma 'paramArthasAra' rakkhA hai / sAMkhyakArikA kI yuktidIpikA-TIkA meM pataJjali ke sAMkhyaviSayaka aneka mata uddhRta haiN| pataJjali kA eka mata yogasUtra ke vyAsabhASya meM 15 bhI uddhRta hai| 6-sAhityazAstra-gAyakavAr3a saMskRta granthamAlA meM prakAzita zAradAtanaya-viracita 'bhAvaprakAzana' ke pRSTha 37, 47 meM vAsakiviracita kisI sAhityazAstra se bhAvoM dvArA rasotpatti kA ullekha upalabdha hotA hai| - 7-lohazAstra-zivadAsa ne cakradatta kI TIkA meM pataJjali viracita 'lohazAstra' kA ullekha kiyA hai|' saMkhyA 5, 6, 7 granthoM meM se kauna-kaunasA grantha mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali viracita hai, yaha ajJAta hai| aba hama agale adhyAya meM mahAbhASya ke TIkAkAroM kA varNana kreNge| 1. pUrva pRSTha 357, tti05| 2. pUrva pRSTha 357, tti.6| 3. pUrva pRSTha 358, Ti07-6; pRSTha 359, Ti. 1-3 / 5. buddhe tu bhagavAn yogI budho vijJAnadezanaH / mahAsattvo lokanAtho bodhirahana sunizcita: / gunnaabdhibigtdvndv-..| 5. pUrva pRSTha 363, Ti0 4 / 6. pUrva pRSTha 363, Ti. 2 / 7. utpattistu rasAnAM yA purA vaasukinoditaa| nAnAdravyoSadhaH pAkaivyaMjanaM bhAvyate yathA // evaM bhAvA bhAvayanti rasAnabhinayaH saha / iti vAsukinApyukto bhAvebhyo rasasambhavaH // 8. yadAha pataJjaliH-divyaM dAvaM samAdAya lohakarma samAcaret' iti / dra0-vRddhatrayI, pRSTha 26 /

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gyArahavAM adhyAya mahAbhASya ke TIkAkAra mahAbhASya para aneka vidvAnoM ne TIkAeM likhI haiM / unameM se aneka TIkAeM saMprati anupalabdha haiN| bahuta se TIkAkAroM ke nAma bhI jJAta haiM / mahAbhASya para racI gaI jitanI TIkAoM kA hameM jJAna ho 5 sakA, unakA saMkSipta varNana hama Age karate haiM bhatRhari se prAcIna TIkAeM bhartRhari - viracitaM mahAbhASya kI TIkA kA jitanA bhAga isa samaya upalabdha hai, usake avalokana se jJAta hotA hai ki usase pUrva bhI mahAbhASya para aneka TIkAeM likhI gaI thIM / bhartRhari ne apanI TIkA 10 meM 'anye, pare, kecit' Adi zabdoM dvArA aneka prAcIna TIkA ke pATha uddhRta kiye hai |' parantu TIkAkAroM ke nAma ajJAta hone se unakA varNana sambhava nahIM hai / bhartRhari viracita mahAbhASyaTIkA ke avalokana se hama isa nirNaya para pahuMce haiM ki usase pUrva mahAbhASya para nyUnAtinyUna tIna TIkAeM avazya likhI gaI thIM / yadi mahAbhASya 15 kI ye prAcIna TIkAeM upalabdha hotIM, to aneka aitihAsika bhrama anAyAsa dUra ho jAte / 1 bhartRhari (vi0 saM0 400 se pUtra ) mahAbhASya kI upalabdha tathA jJAta TIkAoM meM bhartRhari kI TIkA saba se prAcIna aura prAmANika hai / vaiyAkaraNa- nikAya meM pataJjali 20 ke anantara bhartRhari hI aisA vyakti hai, jise saba vaiyAkaraNa pramANa mAnate haiM / paricaya bhartRhari ne apane kisI grantha meM apanA koI paricaya nahIM diyA ataH bhartRhari ke viSaya meM hamArA jJAna atyalpa hai / 25 1. hastalekha kI pRSTha saMkhyA - pranye 4, 57, 70, 154 ( pUnA saM0 4, 48, 60, 118) ityAdi / apare 70, 76, 176 ( pUnA saM0 60, 64, 136) ityAdi / kecit 4, 61, 167, 176 ( pUnA saM0 3, 51, 127, 136) ityAdi /

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386 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa guru-bhartRhari ne apane guru kA sAkSAt nirdeza nahIM kiyA / puNyarAja ne bhartRhari ke guru kA nAma vasurAta likhA hai| vaha likhatA hai na tenAsmadgurostatra bhavato vasurAtAdanyaH / pRSTha 284 / punaH 'praNIto guruNAsmAkamayamAgamasaMgrahaH' zloka kI avataraNikA meM likhatA hai-tatra bhagavatA vasurAtaguruNA mamAyamAgamaH saMjJAya vAtsalyAt prnniitH| pRSTha 286 / punaH pRSTha 260 para likhatA hai| prAcAryavasurAtena nyAyamArgAn vicintya saH / praNIto vidhivaccAyaM mama vyAkaraNAgamaH // kyA bhartRhari bauddha thA ? cInI yAtrI itsiga likhatA hai ki-'vAkyapadIya aura mahAbhASyavyAkhyA kA racayitA AcArya bhartRhari bauddhamatAnuyAyI thaa| usane sAta vAra pravrajyA grahaNa kI thii|" 15 itsiga kI bhUla-vAkyapadIya aura mahAbhASya TIkA ke paryanu zIlana se vidita hotA hai ki bhartRhari vaidikadharmI thA vaha vAkyapadIya ke brahmakANDa meM likhatA hai na cAgamAdate dharmastakaNa vyavatiSThate / / 46 // punaH vaha likhatA haivedazAstrAvirodhI ca tarkazcakSurapazyatAm / 1 / 136 // veda ke viSaya meM aise udgAra vedavirodhI bauddha vidvAn kabhI vyakta nahIM kara sakatA / jaina vidvAn vardhamAnasUri bhartRharikRta mahAbhASyaTIkA kA uddharaNa dekara likhatA hai 'yastvayaM vedavidAmalaGkArabhUto vedAGgatvAt pramANitazabdazAstraH 2 sarvazamanya upamIyate tena kathametat prayuktam / utpala 'IzvarapratyabhijJAvimarzinI' meM 'tatra bhagavadbhartRhariNA ? 'pi na so'sti pratyayo loke.....' ityAdi vAkyapadIya kI 3 kArikAeM uddhRta karake likhatA hai 30 1. itsiga kI bhAratayAtrA pRSTha 274 / 2. gaNaratnamahodadhi, pRSTha 123 /

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mahAbhASya ke TIkAkAra 387 bauddhairapi adhyavasAyApekSaM prakAzasya prAmANyaM vadabhirupagataprAyaevAyamarthaH / ina pramANoM se spaSTa hai ki bhartRhari bauddhamatAvalambI nahIM thA / hamAre mitra DA0 zrI ke0 mAdhavazarmA kA bhI yahI mata hai|' itsiga ko yaha bhrAnti kyoM huI, isakA nirUpaNa hama Age karage / kAla bhartRhari kA kAla abhI taka vivAdAspada hai| kaI vidvAn itsiga ke lekhAnusAra bhartRhari kA kAla vikrama kI saptama zatAbdI kA uttarArgha mAnate haiM / aba aneka vidvAn itsiga ke lekha ko bhramapUrNa mAnane lage haiN| bhAratIya janazruti ke anusAra bhatRhari mahArAja vikramAditya 10 kA sadohara bhrAtA hai| isameM koI viziSTa sAdhaka bAdhaka pramANa nahIM haiM / ataH hama ganthAntaroM meM upalabdha uddharaNoM ke AdhAra para hI bhartRhari ke kAla-nirNaya kA prayatna karate haiM 1-prasiddha bauddha cInI yAtrI itsiga likhatA hai-'usa (bhartRhari) kI mRtyu huai cAlIsa varSa hue|" aitihAsikoM ke matAnusAra itsiga ne apanA bhAratayAtrA-vRttAnta vikrama saMvat 746 ke lagabhaga likhA thaa| tadanusAra bhartRhari kI mRtyu saMvat 708,706 ke lagabhaga mAnanI hogii| 2-kAzikA 4 / 3 / 88 ke udAharaNoM meM bhartRharikRta 'vAkya'. padIya' grantha kA ullekha hai / kAzikA kI racanA saM0680, 701 ke 20 madhya huI thI, yaha hama 'aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra' prakaraNa meM sapramANa / likheNge| kannaDa paJcatantra ke anusAra jayAditya aura vAmana guptavaMzIya vikramAGka sAhasAGka ke samakAlika haiM / yaha guptavaMzIya candragupta dvitIya hai| pAzcAttya matAnusAra isakA kAla vi0 saM0 467. 470 taka mAnA jAtA hai| phira bhI ukta nirdeza se itanA spaSTa hai 25 ki vAkyapadIya grantha kAzikA se pUrva likhA gayA hai| 1. bhartRhari nATa buddhiSTa' di pUnA aoriyaNTalisTa, apraila 1940 / hamAre ina AdaraNIya mitra mahAnubhAva kA saM0 2026 (san 1966) meM svargavAsa ho gyaa| 2. itsiga kI bhAratayAtrA pRSTha 275 / 3. vizeSa dekheM aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra nAmaka 14 veM adhyAya meM kAzikA , ke prakaraNa meM /

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388 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 3-kAtantra vyAkaraNa kI durgasiMhakRta vRtti kAzikA se prAcIna hai| dhAtuvRttikAra sAyaNa ke matAnusAra vAmana ne kAzikA 7 / 4 / 13 meM durgavRtti kA pratyAkhyAna kiyA hai|' durgasiMha kAtantra 12126 ko vRtti meM likhatA haitathA coktam-yAvasiddhamasiddhaM vA sAdhyatvena pratIyate / prAzritakramarUpatvAt sA kriyetyabhidhIyate // yaha kArikA vAkyapadIya kI hai|' durgasiMha punaH 3 / 2 / 41 kI vRtti meM vAkyapadIya kI eka kArikA uddhRta karatA hai / ataH bhartR. hari kAzikA se pUrvabhAvI durgasiMha se bhI pUrvavartI hai / 4-zatapatha brAhmaNa kA vyAkhyAtA harisvAmI prathama kANDa kI vyAkhyA meM vAkyapadIya ke prathama zloka ke uttarArdha ke ekadeza ko uddhRta karatA hai-anye tu zabdabrahma vedaM vivartate arthabhAvena prakriyA ityata praahuH| harisvAmI apanI zatapatha-vyAkhyA ke prathama kANDa ke anta meM . 15 likhatA hai zrImato'vantinAthasya vikramArkasya bhUpateH / dharmAdhyakSo harisvAmI vyAkhyacchAtapathIM zrutim / / yadAbdAnAM kalerjagmuH saptatriMzacchatAni vai|| catvAriMzat samAzcAnyAstadA bhASyamidaM kRtam // 20 dvitIya zloka ke anusAra kali saMvat 3740 arthAt vi0 saM0 695 meM harisvAmI ne zatapatha prathama kANDa kI racanA kI / abhIabhI gvAliyara se prakAzita vikrama-dvisahasrAbdI smAraka grantha meM paM0 sadAziva lakSmIdhara kAtre kA eka lekha mudrita huaA hai, usameM pUrvokta 1. yattu kAtantra matAntareNoktam-ittvadIrghayoH ajIjAgarat iti bhava25 tIti, tadapyedaM pratyuktam / vRttikArAtreyavardhamAnAdibhirapyetad dUSitam pR. 266 / 2. kANDa 3, kriyAsamuddeza kArikA 1 / vAkyapadIya meM dvitIya caraNa kA 'sAdhyatvenAbhidhIyate' aura caturtha caraNa kA 'sA kriyeti pratIyate' pATha hai| 3. kriyamANaM tu yatkarma svayameva prasiddhayati / sukaraiH svaguNaiH kartuH karmakarteti tadviduH // 3 4. vivartate'rthabhAvena prakriyA jagato yataH / yaha uttarArdha kA pUrA pATha hai|

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mahAbhASya ke TIkAkAra 389 donoM zlokoM kA sAmaJjasya karane ke liye dvitIya zloka kA artha 'kali saMvat 3047' kiyA hai| unhoMne 'sapta' ko pRthak pada mAnA hai / 'va' pada kA prayoga hone se isa prakAra kAlanirdeza ho sakatA hai| yadi yaha vyAkhyA ThIka ho to dvitIya zloka kI pUrva zloka ke sAtha saMgati ThIka baiTha jAtI hai| vikrama saMvat kA prArambha kali saMvat 5 3045 se hotA hai| 3740 kalyabda artha karane meM sabase bar3I Apatti yaha hai ki usa kAla arthAt vikrama saMvat 564 meM avanti=ujjaina meM koI vikrama thA, isakI abhI taka itihAsa se siddhi nahIM huii| yadi 3047 artha ko ThIka na mAneM, taba bhI itanA spaSTa hai ki bhartR - hari harisvAmI se pUrvavartI hai| abhI kucha varSa pUrva ujjaina se eka zilAlekha prApta hayA hai| usa se bhI harisvAmI kA vikrama samakAlInatva pramANita hotA hai| dra0 hindustAna (sAptAhika) 18 agasta 64 ke vijayadazamI ke aMka meM DA0 ekAntabihArI kA lekha / aneka vidvAn isa zilAlekha ko jAlI siddha karane ke lie prayatnazIla haiN| harisvAmI ke dvitIya zloka kA artha kali saMvat 3047 karane meM yaha pradhAna Apatti dI jAtI hai ki jaba harisvAmI ke AzrayadAtA vikramArka kA saMvat pravRtta ho cukA thA, taba usa ne vikrama saMvat kA ullekha kyoM nahIM kiyA ? isakA uttara sIdhA sA hai vikrama saMvat ko Arambha hue abhI do hI varSa hue the, jabaki kali saMvat tIna sahasra 20 varSa se loka vyavahAra meM pracalita thA / saMskRta vAGamaya meM aise anya granthakAra bhI haiM, jinake AzrayadAtAnoM kA saMvat vidyamAna hote hue bhI unhoMne kali, vikrama vA mAlava saMvat kA prayoga kiyA hai| 5-harisvAmI ne zatapatha kI vyAkhyA meM prabhAkara matAnuyAyiyoM ke mata ko uddhRta kiyA hai|' prabhAkara bhaTTa kumArila kA ziSya mAnA 25 jAtA hai / kumArila tantravArtika a0 1 pA0 3 aghi0 8 meM vAkyapadIya 113 ke vacana ko uddhRta karake usakA khaNDana karatA hai|' . 1. athavA sUtrANi yathA vidhyuddeza iti prAbhAkarA:-apa: praNayatIti yathA / hamArA hastalekha pRSTha 5 / 2. yadapi kenaciduktam-tattvAvabodhaH zabdAnAM nAsti vyAkaraNAdRte / 30 tadrUparasagandheSvapi vaktavyamAsIt ityAdi / pUnA saMska0 bhA0 1 pRSTha 266 / /

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360 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa isase spaSTa hai ki harisvAmI se pUrvavartI prabhAkara usase pUrvavartI kumArila aura usase prAcIna bhartRhari hai / 6-harisvAmI ke guru skandasvAmI ne nirukta TokA 122 meM vAkyapadIya ke tRtIya kANDa kA 'pUrvAmavasthAmajahat' ityAdi pUrNa 5 zloka uddhRta kiyA hai| isI prakAra nirukta TIkA bhAga 1 pRSTha 10 para kriyA ke viSaya meM jitane pakSAntara darzAye haiM, ve saba vAkyapadIya ke kriyAsamuddeza ke AdhAra para likhe haiM / nirukta TIkA 5216 meM uddhRta 'sAhacarya virodhinA' pATha bhI vAkyapadIya 2 / 317 kA hai| yahAM sAhacarya virodhitA' pATha honA caahiye| ataH vAkyapadIya kI 10 racanA skanda ke niruktabhASya se pUrva ho cukI thI, yaha spaSTa hai / 7-skanda kA sahayogI mahezvara nirukta TIkA 82 meM eka vacana uddhRta karatA hai yathA coktaM bhaTTArakeNApi pIno divA na bhuGkte cetyevamAdivacaHzrutau / ... rAtribhojanavijJAnaM zrutArthApattirucyate / / yaha zloka bhaTTa kumArila kRta zlokavArtika kA hai / ' nirukta TIkA kA mudrita pATha azuddha hai / bhaTTa kumArila ne tantravArtika meM vAkyapadIya kA zloka uddhRta karake usakA khaNDana kiyA hai, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiN| isa se spaSTa hai ki bhartRhari saMvat 695 se bahuta 20 pUrvavartI hai / Adhunika aitihAsika bhaTTa kumArila kA kAla vikrama kI AThavIM zatAbdo mAnate haiM, vaha azuddha hai, yaha bhI pramANa saMkhyA 5, 7 se spaSTa hai| -itsiga apano bhAratayAtrA meM likhatA hai-"isake anantara ___ 'pei-na' hai, isameM 3000 zloka haiM aura isakA TokA bhAga 14000 25 zlokoM meM hai| zloka bhAga bhartRhari ko racanA hai aura TokA bhAga zAstra ke upAdhyAya dharmapAla kA mAnA jAtA hai|"3 kaI aitihAsika 'pei-na' ko vAkyapadoya kA tRtoya 'prakoNa' kANDa mAnate haiN| yadi yaha Thoka ho, to vAkyapadoya ko racanA dharmapAla se 1. kAzI saMska0 pRSTha 463 / 2. 386 pRSTha, Ti0 2 / 3. itsiga kI bhAratayAtrA pRSTha 276 / 30

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361 mahAbhASya ke TIkAkAra pUrva mAnanI hogii| dharmapAla kI mRtyu saMvata 627 vi0 (san 570) meM ho gaI thii|' ataH vAkyapadIya kI racanA nizcaya hI saMvat 600 se pUrva huI hogii| __-aSTAGgasaMgraha kA TIkAkAra vAgbhaTTa kA sAkSAt ziSya indu uttaratantra a0 50 kI TIkA meM likhatA hai padArthayojanAstu vyutpannAnAM prasiddha evetyata prAcAryeNa noktAH / tAsu ca tatra bhavato hareH zloko saMsargo viprayogazca sAhacarya virodhitaa| arthaH prakaraNaM liGga zabdasyAnyasya sannidhiH // sAmarthyamaucitirdezaH kAlo vyaktiH svarAdayaH / zabdArthasyAnavacchede vizeSasmRtihetavaH // anayorarthaH / inameM prathama kArikA bhartRhariviracita vAkyapadIva 2 / 317 meM upalabdha hotI hai| dUsarI kArikA yadyapi kAzIsaMskaraNa meM upalabdha nahIM hotI, tathApi prathama kArikA kI puNyarAja kI TIkA pRSTha 216 paMkti 16 meM dvitIya kArikA kI vyAkhyA chapI huI hai / isa se pratIta 15 hotA hai ki dvitIya kArikA mudrita grantha meM TUTa gaI hai / vAkyapadIya ke kaI hastalekhoM tathA isake naye saMskaraNoM meM dvitIya kArikA bhI vidyamAna hai / vAgbhaTTa kA kAla prAyaH nizcita sA hai / aSTAGgasaMgraha uttaratantra a0 46 ke palANDu rasAyana prakaraNa meM likhA hai-- rasonAnantaraM vAyoH palANDuH paramauSadham / sAkSAdiva sthitaM yatra zakAdhipatijIvitam // yasyopayogena zakAGganAnAM lAvaNyasArAdiva nirmitAnAm / kapolakAntyA vijitaH zazAGko rasAtalaM gacchati nivideva / / isa zloka ke AdhAra para aneka aitihAsika vAgbhaTTa ko candragupta 25 dvitIya ke kAla meM mAnate haiN| pAzcAttya aitihAsika candragupta dvitIya kA kAla vikrama saMvat 437-470 taka sthira karate hai / paM0 bhagavaddatta 1. Introduction to Vaisheshilks philosophy according to the Dashapadarthi Shastra-By H. U. I. 1917 P. 10. 2. aSTAGgahRdaya kI bhUmikA pRSTha 14, 15 nirNayasAgara sNsk0| 30

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392 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa jI ne apane 'bhAratavarSa kA itihAsa' meM 76 pramANoM se siddha kiyA hai ki candragupta dvitIya hI vikrama saMvat pravartaka prasiddha vikramAditya thaa|' aSTAGgahRdaya kI induTIkA ke sampAdaka ne bhUmikA meM likhA hai jarmana vidvAn vAgbhaTTa ko IsA kI dvitIya zatAbdI meM mAnate haiN|' 5 indu ke uparyukta uddharaNa se itanA to spaSTa hai ki bhartahari kisI prakAra vi0 saM0 400 se arvAcIna nahIM hai| 10--zrI paM0 bhagavaddattajI ne 'vaidika vAGamaya kA itihAsa' bhAga 1 khaNDa 2 pRSTha 206 para likhA hai-- 'abhI-abhI adhyApaka rAmakRSNa kavi ne sUcanA bhejI hai ki 10 bhartRhari kI mImAMsAvRtti ke kucha bhAga mile haiM, ve zAbara se pahale - isa ke anantara 'prAcArya puSpAJjali vAlyUma' meM paM0 rAmakRSNa kavi kA eka lekha prakAzita huprA / usameM pRSTha 51 para likhA hai 'vAkyapadIyakAra bhartRhari kRta jaiminIya mImAMsA kI vRtti zabara se 15 prAcona hai / ' bhartRharikRta mahAbhASya-dIpikA tathA vAkyapadIya ke avalokana se spaSTa vidita hotA hai ki bhartRhari mImAMsA kA mahAn paNDita thaa| bhartRhari zavara svAmI se prAcIna hai, isako puSTi mahAbhASya-dIpikA se bhI hotI hai / bhartRhari likhatA hai dharmaprayojano veti momAMsakadarzanam / avasthita eva dharmaH, sa tvagnihotrAdibhirabhivyajyo, tatpreritastu phalado bhavati / yathA svAmo bhUtyaiH sevAyAM preryate / 1. bhAratavarSa kA itihAsa dvi0 saM0 pRSTha 326-34 / hameM paM0 bhagavadatta jI kA ukta mata mAnya nahIM haiM, kyoMki candragupta dvitIya kA rAjya 25 bhavanti (=ujjaina) para nahIM thaa| yaha sarvamAnya tathya hai| 2. aSTAGgahRdaya kI bhUmikA bhAga 1, pRSTha 5--keSAMcijjarmanadezIyavipazcitAM mate khostAbdasya dvitIyazatAbdyAM vAgbhaTTo babhUva / 3. mahAbhASyadIpikA paSTha 38, hamArA hastalekha, pUnA saM0 pRSTha 31 / bhartRhari ne vAkyapadIya 1 / 145 ko svopajJa vivaraNa meM 'na prakRtyA kiJcat 30 karmadRSTamaSTaM vA zAstrAnuSThAnAtu kevalAd dharmAbhivyakti.' vacana dvArA kisI mImAMsA kA mata uddhRta kiyA hai| zlokavAttika nyAyaratnAkara TIkA (paSTha 4

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50 mahAbhASya ke TokAkAra 363 ___ zlokavAtika nyAyaratnAkara TokA (pRSTha 46 caukhambA, kAzI) ke anusAra yaha mata bhartR mitra nAmaka prAcIna mImAMsaka kA hai| isakI tulanA nyAyamaJjarIkAra bhaTTajayanta ke nimna vacana ke . sAtha karanI cAhie vRddhamImAMsakA yAgAdikarmanirvatyamapUrva nAma dharmamabhivadanti / 5 yAgAdikarmaiva zAbarA bruvate / ina donoM pAThoM kI tulanA se vyakta hotA hai ki dharma ke viSaya meM mImAMsakoM meM tIna mata haiN| (ka) bhartRhari ke mata meM dharma nitya hai, yAgAdi se usakI abhivyakti hotI hai-- (kha) vRddha mImAMsaka yAgAdi se utpanna hone vAle apUrva ko dharma mAnate haiN| (ga) zabara svAmI yAgAdi karma ko hI dharma mAnatA hai / vaha / / mImAMsAbhASya 111 / 2 meM likhatA hai yo hi yAgamanutiSThati taM dhArmika iti samAcakSate / yazca yasya 15 kartA sa tena vypdishyte| / - dharma ke uparyukta svarUpoM para vicAra karane se spaSTa hai ki bhaTTa jayantokta vRddhamImAMsakaM zabara se pUrvavartI haiM, aura bhartRhari una vRddhamImAMsakoM se bhI prAcIna hai / bhartRhari kI mahAbhASyadIpikA meM anyatra bhI aneka sthAnoM para jI mImAMsaka matoM kA ullekha milatA 20 hai, ve prAyaH zAbara matoM se nahIM milte| 11-hamAre mitra paM0 sAdhurAma ema0 e0 ne aneka pramANoM ke AdhAra para bhartRhari kA kAla IsA kI tRtIya zatI darzAyA hai| 1. 12-bhAratIya janazruti ke anusAra bhartRhari vikrama kA sahodara bhrAtA hai / 'nAmUlA janazrutiH' ke niyamAnusAra isameM kucha tathyAMza 25 avazya hai| caukhamvA, kAzI) ke anusAra yaha mata bha'mitra nAmaka prAcIna mImAMsaka kA hai| 1. nyAyamaJjarI pRSTha 276, lAjarasa presa kAzI kI chpii| 2. 'bhartRhariz2a DeTa' jaranala gaMgAnAtha jhA risarca iMsTITyUTa, bhAga 15 aGka 2-4 (smmilit)|

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394 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 13-kAzo ke samIpavartI cunAragar3ha ke kile meM bhartRhari kI eka guphA vidyamAna hai| yaha kilA vikramAditya kA banAyA hunA hai, aisI vahAM prasiddhi hai / isI prakAra vikrama kI rAjadhAnI ujjaina meM bhI bhartRhari kI guphA prasiddha hai| isase pratIta hotA hai ki bhartRhari paura 5 vikramAditya kA kucha pArasparika sambandha avazya thaa| 14-prabandha-cintAmaNi meM bhartRhari ko mahArAja zUdraka kA bhAI likhA hai / ' mahArAjAdhirAja samudragupta viracita kRSNacarita ke anusAra zUdraka kisI vikrama saMvat kA pravartaka thaa|' paNDita bhagavaddata jI ne aneka pramANoM se zUdraka kA kAla vikrama se lagabhaga 10 500 varSa pUrva nizcita kiyA hai| dekho bhAratavarSa kA itihAsa pRSTha 261-305 dvitIya saMskaraNa / . 15-zrI candrakAnta bAlI (dehalI) ne 11-7-63 I0 ke patra meM likhA hai ki vikramAditya aura zUdraka donoM bhAI the| donoM hI saMvat pravartaka the| vikramAditya kA samaya 66 I0 san aura zUdraka kA 78 15 I0 san kAla hai / ataH bhartRhari kA kAla 60-70 IsvI hai| ___ ina saba pramANoM para vicAra karane se pratIta hotA hai ki bhartRhari nizcaya hI bahuta prAcIna granthakAra hai| jo loga itsiga ke vacanAnusAra ise vikrama kI sAtavIM zatAbdI ke uttarArdha meM mAnate haiM, ve bhUla karate haiM / yadi kinhIM pramANAntaroM se yoropiyana vidvAnoM dvArA nirdhArita conI-yAtriyoM kI tithiyAM pIche haTa jAveM to isa prakAra ke virodha anAyAsa dUra ho sakate haiM / anyathA itsiga kA vacana aprAmANika mAnanA hogaa| bhartRhariviSayaka itsiMga kI eka bhUla kA nirdeza pUrva karAyA jA cukA hai / itsiMga ke varNana ko par3hane se pratIta 1. pRSTha 151 / 2. vatsaraM svaM zakAn jitvA prAvartayata vaikramam / rAjakavivarNana 11 / 3. bhAratavarSa kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga 2, pRSTha 261-305 / 4. vikramAdityaparyAyaH mahendrAdityasambhavaH' / aso viSamazIlo'pi sAhasAGkaH zakottaraH // 1. vikramAdityaH vissmaadityH| 2. kathAgrantheSu vikramasya piturnAma mahendrAdityaH zrUyate / 3. sAhasAGkaH zakottara:tasya laghubhrAtA vikramAGkaH / yaha ukta patra meM hI TippaNI hai /

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mahAbhASya ke TIkAkAra 365 hotA hai ki usane bhartRhari kA koI grantha nahIM dekhA thaa| bhartRhari viracita-granthoM ke viSaya meM usakA diyA huA paricaya atyanta bhramapUrNa hai| aneka bhartRhari hamArA vicAra hai ki bhartRhari nAma ke aneka vyakti ho cuke haiN| 5 una kA ThIka-ThIka vibhAga jJAta na hone se itihAsa meM aneka ulajhaneM par3I haiN| vikramAditya, sAtavAhana, kAlidAsa aura bhoja Adi ke viSaya meM bhI aisI hI aneka ulajhaneM haiN| pAzcAttya vidvAn una ulajhanoM ko sulajhAne kA prayatna nahIM karate, kintu apanI manamAnI kalpanA ke anusAra kAla nirdhAraNa karake unheM aura adhika ulajhA dete haiN| aura 10 una ke mata meM jo bAdhaka pramANa upasthita hote haiM unheM aprAmANika kaha kara TAla dete haiM / bhartRhari nAma kA eka vyakti huA hai vA aneka, aba isa ke viSaya meM vicAra karate haiN| isa ke liye yaha Avazyaka hai ki bhartRhari ke nAma se prasiddha granthoM para pahale vicAra kiyA jaaye| bhartRhari-viracita grantha saMskRta vAGamaya meM bhartRhari-viracita nimna grantha prasiddha haiM1. mahAbhASya-dIpikA / 2. vAkyapadIya kANDa 1, 2, 3 / 3. vAkyapadIya kANDa 1, 2 ko svopjnyttokaa| 4. bhttttikaavy| 5. bhAgavRtti / 6. zataka traya-nIti, zagAra, vairAgya (tathA 'vijJAna' bhii)| inake atirikta bhartRhari-viracita tIna grantha aura jJAta hue haiM .7. mImAMsAbhASya 8. vedAntasUtravRtti 25 * zabdadhAtusamIkSA 10. SaSThIzrAvI bhrtRhrivRtti|' bhartRhari viSayaka ulajhana ko sulajhAne ke liye hameM ina granthoM kI antaraGga aura bahiraGga parIkSA karanI hogii| 1. yaha grantha kucha samaya pUrva hI prakAzana meM pAyA hai| abhI isakA bhartRharikRtatva saMdigdha hai| . 2. kozakalpataru, pRSTha 65 / 30

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366 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ___ mahAbhASyadIpikA, vAkyapadIya aura usakI ThIkA samAnakartRka haiM mahAbhASyadIpikA, vAkyapadIya aura usakI svopajJaTIkA kI paraspara tulanA karane se vidita hotA hai ki ina tIna granthoM kA kartA 5 eka vyakti hI hai / yathA- .. ........... / mahAbhASyadIpikA-yathaiva gataM gotvamevamiGgitAdayo'pyarthataH mahipyAdiSu dRSTaM vyutpattyApi karmaNyAzrIyamANo gamivat, vizeSaNaM durAnvAkhyAnam, upAdadAno gacchati garjati gadati vA gauriti / '.... vAkyapadIya-kaizcinnirvacanaM bhinna girategarjatergamaH / .. . gavatergadatervApti yaurityatra darzitam // vAkyapadIya svopajJaTIkA-yathaiva hi gamikriyA jAtyantarekasa... mavAyinIbhyo gamikriyAbhyo'tyantabhinnA tulyarUpatvavidhau tvantareNaiva gamimabhidhIyamAnA gauriti zabdavyutpattikarmaNi nimittatvenAzrIyate tathaiva girati garjati gadati ityevamAdayaH sAdhAraNAH sAmAnyazabda15 nibandhanAH kriyAvizeSAstaistairAcAryaM!zabdavyutpAdanakriyAyAM pari gRhItAH / - isI prakAra anyatra bhI tInoM granthoM meM paraspara mahatI samAnatA hai, jinase ina tInoM granthoM kA ekakartRtva siddha hai / vAkyapadIya kI racanA vi0 saM0 400 se. arvAcIna nahIM hai, yaha hama pUrva sapramANa 20 nirUpaNa kara cuke haiM / ataH mahAbhASya kI TIkA bhI vi0 saM0 400 se arvAcIna nahIM hai| bhaTTikAvya-bhaTTikAvya ke viSaya meM do mata haiM / bhaTTi kA jayamaMgalATIkA kA racayitA granthakAra kA nAma bhaTTisvAmo likhatA hai| mallInAtha Adi anya saba TIkAkAra bhaTikAvya ko bhartahariviracita mAnate haiM / paJcapAdo uNAdivRttikAra zvetavanavAsI bhaTTi ko bhartRhari ke nAma se uddhRta karatA hai| hamArA vicAra hai, ye donoM mata ThIka haiM / granthakAra kA apanA nAma bhaTTisvAmI hai, parantu usake asAdhAraNa vaiyAkaraNa hone ke kAraNa vaha aupAdhika bhartRhari nAma se 1. hastalekha pRSTha 3, pUnA saM0 pRSTha 3 / 2. kANDa 2 kArikA 175 / 10 3. kANDa 2 kArikA 175 kI TIkA, lAhaura saMska0 pRSTha 62 / 4. tathA ca bhartRkAvya prayogaH / pRSTha 83, 126 /

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mahAbhASya ke TIkAkAra 397 bhI vyAkhyAta huaa|' saMskRta vAGamaya meM do tIna kAlIdAsa isI prakAra prasiddha ho cuke haiN| mahArAja samudragupta ke kRSNacarita se vyakta hotA hai ki zAkantala nATaka kA kartA Adya kAlIdAsa thA, parantu raghuvaMza mahAkAvya kA racayitA hariSeNa kAlidAsa nAma se prasiddha huaa| bhaTTikAvya kI racanA valabhI ke rAjA zrIdharasena ke kAla meM 5 huI hai| valabhI ke rAjakala meM zrIdharasena nAma ke cAra rAjA huye haiM, jinakA rAjyakAla saMvat 550 se 705 taka mAnA jAtA hai / ataH bhaTTikAvya kA kartA bhartRhari vAkyapadIyakAra prAdya bhartRhari nahIM ho sktaa.| bhaTTikAvya ke viSaya meM vizeSa vicAra 'lakSyapradhAna vaiyAkaraNa - kavi' nAmaka 30 veM adhyAya meM kiyA hai| : bhAgavRtti-bhAgavRtti aSTAdhyAyI kI eka prAcIna prAmANika vRtti hai| isake uddharaNa vyAkaraNa ke aneka granthoM meM milate haiM / bhASAvRtti kA TIkAkAra sRSTidharAcArya likhatA hai--bhartRhari ne zrIdharasena kI AjJA se bhAgavatti kI racanA kii| kAtantra pariziSTa ke kartA zrIpatidatta ne bhAgavatti ke racayitA kA nAma vimalamati 15 likhA hai| kyA saMbhava ho sakatA hai ki bhAgavRtti ke kartA kA vAstavika nAma vimalamati ho, aura bhartahari usakA aupAdhika nAma ho / bhAgavRtti kI racanA kAzikA ke anantara huI hai, yaha nirvivAda hai / asaH bhAgavRttikAra bhartRhari vAkyapadIyakAra se bhinna haiM / isa para vizeSa vivecana 'aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra' prakaraNa meM kreNge| 20 .. bhaTTikAra aura bhAgavRttikAra meM bheda-yadi bhaTTikAvya aura 1. isa viSaya meM vizeSa vicAra isa grantha ke 'lakSyapradhAna vaiyAkaraNa kavi' nAmaka 30 veM adhyAya meM dekheN| 2. rAjakavivarNana zloka 25, 16 / 3. rAjakavivarNana zloka 24, 26 / 4. kAvyamidaM vihitaM mayA valabhyAM zrIdharasenanarendrapAlitAyAm / 22 // 35 // 5. dekho, oriyaNTala kAleja megajIna lAhaura, navambara 1940 meM 'bhAgavattisaMkalana' nAmaka hamArA lekha, pRSTha 67 / tathA isI grantha ke aSTAghyAyI ke vRttikAra' prakaraNa meM 'bhAgavRttikAra' kA varNana / 6. bhAgavRttirbhartRhariNA zrIdharasenanarendrAdiSTA viracitA 8 / 4 / 68 // 7. tathA ca bhAgavRttikRtA vimalamatinA nipAtitaH / sandhi-sUtra 142 / 30

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa bhAgavRtti ke racayitA kA nAma bhartRhari svIkAra kara leM, taba bhI ye donoM grantha eka vyakti kI racanA nahIM ho sakate / ina donoM kI vibhinnatA meM nimna hetu haiM 1-bhASAvRtti 2 / 4 / 74 meM puruSottamadeva ne bhAgavRtti kA khaNDana 5 karate hue svapakSa kI siddha meM bhaTTikAvya kA pramANa upasthita kiyA hai| 2-bhASAvRtti 5 / 2 / 112 ke avalokana karane se vidita hotA hai ki bhAgavRttikAra bhaTTikAvya ke chandobhaGga doSa kA samAdhAna karatA 3-bhAgavatti ke jitane uddharaNa upalabdha huye haiM, unake dekhane se jJAta hotA hai ki bhAgavRttikAra mahAbhASya ke niyama se kiJcimAtra bhI itastataH honA nahIM cAhatA, parantu bhaTTikAvya meM aneka prayoga mahAbhASya ke viparIta haiN|' ___ ina hetuoM se spaSTa hai ki bhaTTikAvya aura bhAgavRtti kA kartA eka nahIM hai / 15 mahAbhASya vyAkhyAtA aura bhAgavattikAra meM bheda-bhAgavatti ko bhartRhari kI kRti mAnane para bhI vaha bhartRhari mahAbhASyavyAkhyAtA Adya bhartRhari se bhinna vyakti hai| isameM nimna pramANa haiM 1--gatatAccholye iti bhAgavRttiH / gatavidhaprakArAstulyArthA iti bhartRhariH / 1. bhAgavRtti ke jitane uddharaNa upalabdha hue, unakA saMgraha 'bhAgavRtti. saMkalanama' ke nAma se praoriyaNTala kAleja lAhaura ke megajIna navambara 1940 ke aMka meM hamane prakAzita kiye the| dekho pRSTha 68-82 / usakA parivahita saMskaraNa 'saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI' kI 'sArasvatI suSamA' patrikA ke varSa 8 aGka 1-4 aGkoM meM chapA hai / isakA punaH pariSkRita parivardhita saMskaraNa bhI hamane saM0 2021 meM svatantra pustaka rUpa meM prakAzita kiyA hai| 2. ukSAM pra cakrurnagarasya mArgAn / 315 // bibhayAM pracakArAso / 6 / 2 / / 'vyavahitanivRttyarthaM ca' isa vArtika (mahAbhASya 3 / 1 / 40) ke anusAra vyavahita prayoga nahIM ho sakatA / nirNayasAgara se prakAzita bhaTTikAvya meM kramazaH "ukSAna pracakrurnagarasya mArgAna" tathA "prabibhayAM cakArAsau" parivartita pATha chapA hai / dra0 mahAbhASya 3 / 1 / 40, nirNayasAgara saMska0 pR0 60, Ti0 3 / 3. durghaTavRtti, pRSTha 16 /

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mahAbhASya ke TIkAkAra 366 2 - yathAlakSaNamaprayukte iti udyAma uparAma ityeva bhavatIti bhartRhariNA bhAgavRtti kRtA coktam / ' 3--bhartRhariNA ca nityArthataivAsyoktA tathA ca bhAgavRttikA reNa pratyudAharaNamupanyastam, tantra utam - tantrayutam / 4 - bhartRhariNA tuktam- 'yaH prAtipadikAnto nakAro na bhavati 5 tadarthaM numgrahaNaM prAhiNvaniti / atra hi hiveluGi numo Natvamiti / " 'tatra pUrvapadAdhikAraH samAse ca pUrvottarapadavyavahAraH, tatkathaM Natvamiti na vyaktIkRtam iti bhAgavRttikA reNoktam / 5 - prAhiNvan iti NatvArthaM bhartRhariNA vyAkhyAtam iti bhAgavRttiH / * 6 - prAhiNvan / bhartRharisammatamidamudAharaNam, bhAgavRttikRtA'pyudAhRtam / 10 ina uddharaNoM meM prathama aura tRtIya uddharaNa meM bhartRhari aura bhAgavRttikAra kA matabheda darzAyA hai| caturtha uddharaNa se vyakta hotA hai ki bhAgavRttikAra ne kisI bhartRhari kA kahIM kahIM khaNDana bhI kiyA thA / 15. ataH ina uddharaNoM se bhartRhari aura bhAgavRttikAra kA pArthakya spaSTa 1 6 zataka-traya - nIti, zRGgAra aura vairAgya ye tIna zataka bhartRhari ke nAma se prasiddha haiM / inakA racayitA kauna sA bhartRhari hai, yaha ajJAta hai / jaina granthakAra vardhamAna sUri gaNaratnamahodadhi meM likhatA hai 20 vArttava vartam / yathA--- harirAkumAramakhilAbhidhAnavit svajanasya vArtAmanvayuGkta saH / kyA gaNaratnamahodadhi meM uddhRta padya kA saMketa nItizataka ke 1. durghaTavRtti, pRSTha 217 / 2. tantrapradIpa 8 | 3 | 11 // 3. sIradevIya paribhASAvRtti pRSTha 12 / paribhASAsaMgraha pRSTha 167 // 4. puruSottamadevakRta jJApakasamuccaya, pRSTha 86 / 25 5. saMkSiptasAra TIkA, sandhi 328 / 6. vijJAna zataka bhI bhartRhari ke nAma se chapA milatA hai, parantu upa kA prAmANya abhI sAdhya hai / 7. pRSTha 120 / 30

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400 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 'yAM cintayAmi mayi sA viraktA" zloka kI ora ho sakatA hai ? yadi yaha kalpanA ThIka ho, to nItizataka Adya bhartRharikRta hogA, kyoMki isameM hari kA vizeSaNa 'akhilAbhidhAnavit' likhA hai / varSa mAna anyatra bhI Adya bhartRhari ke liye 'vedavidAmalakArabhUtaH', 5 'pramANitazabdazAstraH' Adi vizeSaNoM kA prayoga karatA hai| mImAMsA-sUtravRtti-yadi paNDita rAmakRSNa kavi kA pUrvokta (pRSTha 362) lekha ThIka ho to nizcaya hoM yaha vRtti prAdya bhartRhari ' viracita hogii| vedAnta-sUtravRtti-yaha vRtti anupalabdha hai| yAmunAcArya ne eka 10 siddhitraya' nAmaka grantha likhA hai / usa meM vedAnta sUtra ke vyAkhyAtA TaGka, bhartR prapaJca, bhartR mitra, brahmadatta, zaMkara, zrIvatsAMka aura bhAskara ke sAtha bhartRhari kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| isa se bhartRharikRta *, vedAntasUtravRtti kI kacha sambhAvanA pratIta hotI hai| zabdadhAtusamIkSA-yaha grantha hamAre dekhane meM nahIM aayaa| isa kA 15 ullekha hamAre mitra zrI paM0 mAdhava-kRSNa zarmA ne apane 'bhata hari nATa e bauddhisTa' nAmaka lekha meM kiyA hai| yaha lekha 'di pUnA oriyaNTalisTa' patrikA aprela san 1940 meM chapA hai| .. ... :: .. itsiga kI bhUla kA kAraNa bhaTTikAvya aura bhAgavRtti ke racayitAtroM ke vAstavika nAma 20 cAhe kucha rahe hoM, parantu itanA spaSTa hai ki ye grantha bhI bhartRhari ke nAma se prasiddha rahe haiN| isa prakAra saMskRta sAhitya meM nyUna se nyUna tIna bhartRhari avazya hue haiN| ina kA kAla pRthaka-pRthaka hai| ina kI aiti hAsika zRGa khalA jor3ane se itsiga ke vacana meM itanI satyatA avazya ... 1. zloka 2 / purohita gopInAtha ema0 e0 saMpAdita, veMkaTezvara presa 25 bambaI, san 1865 / kaI saMskaraNoM meM yaha zloka nahIM hai / ___. yastvayaM vedavidAmala kArabhUto vedAGgatvAt pramANitazabdAzAstra: sarvajJaMmanya upamIyate / gaNaratnamahodadhi pRSTha 123 / . . 3. tathApi prAcAryaTaGka-bhartRprapaJca-bhartR mitra-bhartRhari-brahmadatta-zaMkara zrIvatsAGka-bhAskarAdiviracitasitavividhanibandhazraddhAvipralabdhabudhayo na 1 yathAnyathA ca pratipadyante iti tatprItaye yuktaH prkrnnprkrmH|

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51 . mahAbhASya ke TIkAkAra pratIta hotI hai ki vi0 saM0707 ke lagabhaga koI bhartRhari nAmA vidvAna avazya vidyamAna thaa| itsiga svayaM valabhI nahIM gayA thaa| ataH sambhava ho sakatA haiM ki usane valabhInivAsI kisI bhartRhari kI mRtyu suna kara usa kA ullekha vAkyapadIya Adi prAcIna granthoM ke racayitA ke prasaMga meM kara diyA ho / itsiga ne bhartahari ko bauddha 5 likhA hai, vaha bhAgavRttikAra vimalamati upanAma bhartRhari ke liye upayukta ho sakatA hai, kyoMki vimalamati eka prasiddha bauddha granthakAra bhartRhari-traya ke uddharaNoM kA vibhAga aneka vyakyioM kA bhartRhari nAma hone para eka bar3I kaThinAI yaha 10 upasthita hotI hai ki prAcIna granthoM meM bhartRhari ke nAma se upalabhyamAna uddharaNa kisa bhartRhari ke samajhe jAveM / hamane vAkyapadIya, usakI svopajJaTIkA, mahAbhASyadIpikA, bhaTTikAvya aura bhAgavRtti ke upalabhyamAna sabhI uddharaNoM para mahatI sUkSmatA se vicAra karake nimna pariNAma nikAle haiM 1-prAcIna granthoM meM bhartRhari vA hari ke nAma se jitane uddharaNa upalabdha hote haiM, ve saba Adya bhartRhari ke haiN| . 2-bhaTTikAvya ke sabhI uddharaNa bhaTTi ke nAma se diye gaye haiN| kevala zvetavanavAsI viracita uNAdivRtti ke hastalekha meM bhaTTikAvya ke uddharaNa bhartR kAvya ke nAma se diye haiN| dUsare hastalekha meM usake 20 sthAna meM bhaTTikAvya hI pATha hai / ' 3-bhAgavRtti ke uddharaNa bhAgavRtti, bhAgavRttikRta athavA bhAgavRttikAra nAma se diye gaye haiM / bhAgavRtti kA koI uddharaNa-bhartRhari ke nAma se nahIM diyA gyaa| / ' yaha bar3e saubhAgya kI bAta hai ki arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNoM ne tonoM ke 25 uddharaNa sarvatra pRthak-pRthak nAmoM se uddhRta kiye haiM, unhoMne kahIM para ina tInoM kA sAMkarya nahIM kiyaa| bhASAvRtti ke sampAdaka zrIzacandra cakravartI ne isa vibhAga ko na samajhakara aneka bhUleM kI haiN| bhAvI 1. dekho pRSTha 83, pAThAntara 4 / 2. bhASAvRtti ke rAjazAhI (baMgalA deza) saMskaraNa ke sampAdaka ne 'gataviyA kArAstulyArtha iti bhartRhari' isa udvaraga ko bhAgavRtti ke racayitA' /

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402 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa granthasaMpAdakoM ko isa vibhAga kA parijJAna avazya honA cAhiye, anyathA bhayaGkara bhUleM hone kI sambhAvanA hai / bhartRhari ke viSaya meM itanA likhane ke anantara prakRta viSaya kA nirUpaNa kiyA jAtA hai| mahAbhASyadIpikA kA paricaya AcArya bhartRhari ne mahAbhASya kI eka vistRta aura praur3ha vyAkhyA likhI hai / isakA nAma 'mahAbhASyadIpikA' hai|' isa vyAkhyA ke uddharaNa vyAkaraNa ke aneka granthoM meM upalabdha hote haiN| vartamAna meM mahAbhASyadIpikA kA sarvaprathama paricaya dene kA zreya DA0 kIlahAna 10 ko hai| . __mahAbhASyadIpikA kA parimANa-itsiga ne apanI bhAratayAtrAvivaraNa meM dIpikA kA parimANa 25000 zloka likhA hai| parantu isa lekha se yaha vidita nahIM hotA ki bhartRhari ne sampUrNa mahAbhASya para TIkA likhI thI, athavA kucha bhAga para / vikrama kI 12 vIM 15 zatAbdI kA granthakAra vardhamAna likhatA hai - bhartRharikyipadIyaprakIrNayoH kartA mahAbhASyatripAdyA vyAkhyAtA isI prakAra prakIrNakANDa kI vyAkhyA kI samApti para helArAja bhI likhatA hai trailokyagAminI yena trikANDI tripadI kRtA / tasmai samastavidyAzrIkAntAya haraye namaH // isa zloka meM tripadI pada trikANDI vAkyapadIya kA vizeSaNa bhI ho sakatA hai, ataH yaha pramANa sandigdha hai| kA likhA hai / dekho bhASAvRtti pRSTha 32, Ti0 30 / parantu durghaTavRtti meM yahAM 25 bhAgavatti aura bhartRhari ke bhinna-bhinna pATha udadhRta kiye haiM yathA-gatatA cchIlye iti bhAgavRttiH, gatividhaprakArAstulyArthA iti bhartRhariH / durghaTavRtti pRSTha 16 / isI prakAra bhASAvRtti ke sampAdaka ne 331316 meM uddhRta bhartRhari ke pATha ko bhAgavRttikAra kA likhA hai| 1. iti mahAmahopAdhyAyabhartRhariviracitAyAM zrImahAbhASyadIpikAyAM 30 prathamAdhyAsya prathamapAde dvitIyamAhnikam / hamArA hastalekha pRSTha 117 /

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mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali vartamAna meM upalabdha mahAbhASyadIpikA kA jitanA parimANa hai, use dekhate hue 25000 zloka parimANa tIna pAda se adhika grantha kA nahIM ho sakatA / DA0 kIlahAna kA bhI yahI mata hai| dvitIya tRtIya pAda kI dIpikA ke uddharaNa-puruSottamadeva ne apanI paribhASAvRtti meM mahAbhASya 1 / 2 / 45 kI dIpikA kA pATha isa 5 prakAra uddhRta kiyA haiM arthavatsUtre (1 / 2 / 45) ca 'asti hi subantAnAmasubantena samAsaH gatikArakopapadAnAM kRddhiH' iti bhartRhariNoktam / ' punaH 1 / 3 / 21 kI bhASAvRtti meM puruSottamadeva likhatA hai-gatavidhiprakArAstulyAryA iti bhrtRhriH'| 10 bhASAvRtti ke sampAdaka ne isa pATha ko bhAgavRttikAra kA kahA haiM, vaha cintya hai / ___ mahAbhASyapradIpa 113 / 21 kI udyota TIkA meM nAgeza likhatA haiM-'prataeva hariNatadudAharaNe zapidvikarmaka iti vyAkhyAtam' / saMmpUrNa mahAbhASya ko TokA-vyAkaraNa ke granthoM meM aneka aise 15 uddharaNa upalabdha hote haiM, jinase pratIta hotA hai ki bhartRhari ne mahAbhASya ke prArambhika tIna pAdoM para hI vyAkhyA nahIM likho, apitu sampUrNa mahAbhASya para TIkA likhI thii| isa ke lie hama tIna pAda se prAge ke pramANa upasthita karate haiM / yathA 1-bhartRhari vAkyapadIya brahmakANDa kI svopajaTIkA meM 20 likhatA hai , 'saMhitAsUtrabhASyavivaraNe bahudhA vicAritam' / ' saMhitA-sUtra arthAt 'paraH sannikarSaH saMhitA' prathamAdhyAya ke caturtha pAda kA 106 vAM sUtra hai| 2-puruSottamadeva ne bhASAvRtti 3 / 1 / 16 para bhartRhari kA eka 25 uddharaNa diyA hai| vaha isI sUtra kI TIkA kA ho sakatA hai / bhASA 1. rAjazAhI saMskaraNa, pRSTha 24 / 2. isake viSaya meM pRSTha 401 kI Ti0 2 dekhiye / 3. bhAga 1, pRSTha 82, lAhaura saMskaraNa / 4. dhUmAcceti bhrtRhriH|

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3 - vyAkaraNa ke 'daivam' grantha kA vyAkhyAtA kRSNa lIlAzuka muni apanI 'puruSakAra' nAmnI vyAkhyA meM likhatA hai - 'prAha caitat sarvaM 5 sudhAkaraH pranena vartamAne ktena bhUte prAptaH kto bAdhyate iti bhartRhariH / bhASyaTIkAkRtastu bhUte'pi kto bhavatItyUcuH / tathA ca pUjito gataH pUjito yAtIti bhUtakAlavAcyaH, na tu pUjyamAno vartamAnaH' / ' 404 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa vRtti ke sampAdaka ne isa uddharaNa ko bhAgavRttikAra kA mAnA hai, parantu yaha ThIka nahIM / ' bhartRhari kA kathana aSTA0 5 / 1 / 116 kI mahAbhASya kI vyAkhyA 15 meM ho sakatA hai / 25 bhartRhari kA yaha lekha mahAbhASya 3 / 2 / 188 kI vyAkhyA meM hI ho sakatA hai / 4 - haribhAskara ne paribhASA - bhAskara ke anta meM bhartRhari kA eka vacana uddhRta kiyA hai - zratrotpattimatsvapipadArtheSu sacchandaH saMbandhaM na vyabhicaratIti tata utpanno bhAvapratyayaH kriyA sambandhaM nAha, api tu sAmAnyam / idaM ca bhartR harervacanamityuktam // 30 6 - maitreya rakSita tantrapradIpa 8 / / 21 meM likhatA hai - 'bhatR 20 hariNA cAsya nityArthataivoktA / tathA ca bhAgavRttikRtA pratyudAharaNamupanyastam-tantre utam tantrayutram iti' / " 5 - zaraNadeva durghaTavRtti 7 / 3 / 34 meM likhatA hai - 'yathAlakSaNamaprayukte iti uparAma udyAma ityeva bhavatIti bhartRhariNA bhAgavRttikRtA coktam' / " 7 - sIradeva apanI paribhASAvRtti meM likhatA hai - 'bhartRhariNA tUktam yaH prAtipadikAnto nakAro na bhavati tadarthaM numgrahaNaM prAhivaditi / " 1. dra0 pRSTha 401 Ti0 2 / 2. hamArA saMskaraNa, pRSTha 67 / 3. paribhASAsaMgraha, pUnA saMska0 (san 1967), pRSTha 374 // 4. pRSTha 117, saMskaraNa 2, pRSTha 128 / 5. nyAsa kI bhUmikA pRSTha 14 meM uddhRta / 6. pRSTha 12 paribhASA - saMgraha, pRSTha 167 | 4

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mahAbhASya ke TIkAkAra 405 8. puruSottamadeva jJApaka- samuccaya meM likhatA hai - 'prAhiNvan iti NatvArthaM bhartRhariNA vyAkhyAtamiti bhAgavRttiH / ' 8- saMkSiptasAra TIkA kA karttA bhI likhatA hai - prAhiNvan bhartRharisammatamidamudAharaNam, bhAgavRttikRtApyudAhRtam' bhartRhari ke ye uddharaNa mahAbhASya 8 / 4 / 11 ko TIkA se hI liye jA sakate haiM / anyatra mahAbhASya meM isakA koI prasaGga nahIM hai / 5 ina uddharaNoM se itanA nizcita hai ki bhartRhari kA koI grantha sampUrNa aSTAdhyAyI para avazya thA / bhartRhari ne aSTAdhyAyI para vRtti likhI ho, aisA koI pramANa upalabdha nahIM hotA / ataH yahI mAnanA ucita pratIta hotA hai ki usane sampUrNa mahAbhASya para 10 vyAkhyA likhI thI / pratIta hotA hai, itsiMga ke kAla meM 'mahAbhASyadIpikA' kA jitanA aMza upalabdha thA, usane utane grantha kA hI parimANa likha diyA / vardhamAna ke kAla meM dIpikA ke kevala tIna pAda hI zeSa raha gaye hoMge / samprati usakA eka pAda bhI pUrNa upalabdha.: nahIM hotA / kRSNa lIlAzuka muni aura sIradeva ne tIsare aura 15 AThaveM adhyAya ke jo uddharaNa diye haiM, ve sudhAkara ke grantha tathA bhAga - vRtti se udadhRta kiye haiM, yaha una uddharaNoM se spaSTa hai / puruSottamadeva aura saMkSiptasAra- TIkA ke uddharaNa bhI bhAgavRtti se uddhRta pratIta hote haiM / sambhava hai tantrapradIpastha uddharaNa bhI granthAntara se uddhRta kiyA gayA ho / mahAbhASyadIpikA kA vartamAna hastalekha bhartRhari - viracita mahAbhASya - dIpikA kA jo hastalekha isa samaya upalabdha hai, vaha jarmanI kI rAjadhAnI barlina ke pustakAlaya meM thA / isakI sarvaprathama sUcanA dene kA saubhAgya DA0 kIlahAna ko hai| isa hastalekha ke phoTo lAhaura aura madrAsa Adi ke pustakAlayoM meM 25 vidyamAna haiM / - dIpikA kA dUsarA hastalekha abhI taka upalabdha nahIM huA / upalabdha - hastalekha kA parimANa - isa hastalekha kA prathama patra 20 1. puruSottamadevIya paribhASAvRtti ke sAtha mudrita ( rAjazAhI saM0 ), pRSTha 69 2. sandhi, sUtra 328 // 30

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406 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa khaNDita hai / hastalekhakA anta Gicca 1|1| 53 sUtra para hotA hai / isameM 217 patre arthAt 434 pRSTha haiM / pratipRSTha 12 paMktiyAM tathA prati paMkti lagabhaga 35 akSara haiM / isa prakAra saMpUrNa hastalekha kA parimANa lagabhaga 5700 zloka hai / 5 yaha hastalekha aneka vyaktiyoM ke hAtha kA likhA huA hai / kahIMkahIM para pRSThamAtrAeM bhI prayukta huI haiM / ataH yaha hastalekha nyUnAti - nyUna 300 varSa prAcona avazya hai / isa hastalekha kA pATha atyanta vikRta hai | pratIta hotA hai, isake lekhaka sarvathA apaThita the / sto satyakAma varmA kA mata - zrI varmA jI ne 'saMskRta vyAkaraNa 10 kA udbhava aura vikAsa' grantha meM pRSTha 212, 213 tathA 227, 228 pRSThoM para mahAbhASyadIpikA ke parimANa ke viSaya meM kaI anyathA bAteM likhI haiM yathA 1. vartamAna upalabdha prati kA lekhaka eka pRSTha ke hAziye para apane hI lekha meM likhatA hai - 'khaNDita prati' pRSTha saMkhyA 2000 (do 15 sahasra ) / sampUrNa pRSTha 213, 227 / 2. dUsare sthAna para usane hI TippaNI do hai - ' isameM do prakaraNa truTita haiM / ' pRSTha 227 // 30 3. jo aMza upalabdha haiM, usameM se bho eka sthala para eka sAtha cAra sUtroM kA prakaraNa hI gAyaba hai / pRSTha 212 / 20 4. usI prasaGga meM sUtra kA eka aMza, bIca meM anyasUtra kI vyAkhyA ho jAne ke bAda acAnaka ho Arambha hokara samApta ho jAtA hai |...... pRSTha saMkhyA nirvAdha detA gayA hai / pRSTha 212 / 5. eka anya sthAna para hamane likhA pAyA hai - 'mahAbhASya TIkA grantha 6 hajAra sAThi / 227, 228 // 25 6. 'grantha' zabda kA kyA artha hai, yaha hama momAMsakA jI jaise vicAraka vidvAn ke vicAra ke liye hI chor3ate haiM / pRSTha 228 / 7. jisa pratilipikAra 'rAma' ke hAtha kI yaha pratilipi hai, usI ke hAtha kI anya aneka pratilipiyAM prAtizAkhya Adi kI bhI dekhane meM AI haiM / pRSTha 228 / 8. anyatra ullekha hai - 'khaNDitaprati pRSTha saMkhyA 2000, (do

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- mahAbhASya ke TIkAkAra 407 hjaar)|' parantu usI gaNanA-paddhati se upalabdha pRSThoM kI saMkhyA 217 hai |...""iske 1800 pRSTha kahIM bhArata meM bace hoNge| pRSTha 213 / ___samIkSA-aba hama uparyukta uddharaNoM kI samIkSA karate haiN| samIkSA se pUrva hama yaha likha denA Avazyaka samajhate haiM ki hamAre 5 pAsa dIpikA kI jo hastalikhita prati haiM, vaha paMjAba vizvavidyAlaya lAhaura meM maMgavAI gaI phoTo kApI se 'makSikAsthAne makSikApAtaH' nyAyAnusAra yathAvat kI gaI hai| pratilipi karate samaya sampUrNa pATha, cAhe vaha hAziye para Upara nIce kahIM bhI ho, likhA gayA hai| pratilipi ke pazcAta usakA mUla grantha se punaH pATha milAyA gayA hai| 1. pratilipi karate samaya eka pRSTha kA pATha eka pRSTha meM likhA hai| arthAt hamArI pratilipi phoTo kApI kI sarvathA anurUpa kApI hai| ataH hama jo bhI samIkSA kareMge, vaha sarvathA yathArtha hogI 1 zrI varmAjI ne phoTokApI se kI haI pratilipi ke AdhAra para aura kucha smati ke anusAra likhA hai| ataeva unhoMne mUla grantha kI pRSTha saMkhyA bhI 15 prati viSaya nahIM dii| 1. prathama uddharaNa kI bAta mUla hastalekha meM kahIM nahIM hai| sAtha hI dhyAna rahe ki mUla hastalekha 300 varSa purAnA hai / usa kAla meM 'pRSTha' zabda kA vyavahAra nahIM hotA thA, 'patrA' zabda vyavahAra meM AtA thaa| donoM ora se likhe patre para eka hI patrAsaMkhyA DAlI 20 jAtI thii| ataH varmA jI ke uddharaNa meM 'pRSTha saMkhyA 2000' lekha mUla pratilipikAra kA ho hI nahIM sktaa| hamArI pratilipi meM aisA koI pATha aGkita nahIM hai / ataH yaha lekha sarvathA cintya hai / 2. dUsare uddharaNa kI bhI yahI dazA hai / mUla hastalekha meM isa kA koI saMketa nahIM hai| sambhava hai varmA jI ko prApta phoTo kApI 25 kI pratilipi meM lipikAra ne kahIM prakaraNa-saMgata pratIta na hone para apanI ora se uktapaMkti likha dI hogii| 3. uddharaNa 3-4 ke viSaya meM itanA hI kahanA hai ki jisa phoTo kApI kI unheM pratilipi prApta huI, usa phoTo kApI para bhUla se pRSTha saMkhyA azuddha likhI gii| hamane jisa phoTo kApI se pratilipi 30 kI thI, usameM bhI kucha pRSThoM para pRSTha saMkhyA azuddha DAlI huI thii| bhASyakramAnusAra hamane una azuddha saMkhyAvAle pRSThoM ko yathAsthAna

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa jor3a diyA, to sArA pATha yathAvat mila gyaa| hamane apanI pratilipi meM phoTo prati kI saMkhyA bhI DAla rakhI hai| koI bhI vyakti Akara dekha sakatA hai / phoTo prati kI pRSTha-sakhyA meM azuddha hone kA kAraNa ati sAdhAraNa hai / hastalikhita granthoM meM patre ke eka ora hI saMkhyA rahatI hai, dUsare bhAga para saMkhyA nahIM hotii| ata: saMkhyArahita bhAgoM ko phoTo kApI karane vA kramazaH rakhane meM ye pRSTha AgepIche ho gye| yaha sAdhAraNa sI bhUla bhI varmA jI nahIM samajha pAye / isa meM koI Azcarya kI bAta nahIM, kyoMki unhoMne kabhI kisI grantha kA hastalekhoM ke AdhAra para sampAdana kArya nahIM kiyA / ' / 4. uddharaNa saMkhyA 5 kA hAziyA para likhA pATha hamAre hastalekha meM vidyamAna hai| ataH spaSTa hai ki hamArI pratilipi yathAvata hai| hAM, hamArI pratilipi meM 'bhASyaTIkA grantha 6 hajAra sAThi' itanA hI hai / 'mahA' pada varmA jI kA bar3hAyA huaA pratota hotA hai| . 5. uddharaNa saMkhyA 5 meM hAzie para likhe 'bhASyaTIkA granya 6 15 hajAra sAThi' kA abhiprAya varmA jI kI samajha meM nahIM AyA / ataH veM uddharaNa saM0 6 meM 'grantha' zabda kA kyA artha hai..."mImAMsaka jI....." chor3ate haiM, likha kara bAta ko TAlanA cAhate haiM / spaSTa hai varmA jI ko grantha-parimANa-bodhaka prAcIna paripATI kA jJAna nahIM hai isa kA sIdhA-sAdhA artha hai--bhASyaTokA kA parimANa 6060 zloka hai| hama 20 ne apanI gaNanA ke anusAra upalabdha bhASyaTIkA kA parimANa 5700 zloka batAyA hai| usase yaha saMsthA atyadhika mela khAtI hai kisI bhI gadyagrantha ke akSaroM ko gaNanA karake usameM anuSTup ke 32 akSarasaMkhyA kA bhAga dekara pratyArimANa batAne ko prAcIna parisAToM hai / / 6, sAMtavAM uddharaNa batA rahA hai ki varmA jI ne kabhI hasta lekhoM 25 para kArya nahIM kiyA, anyathA unheM patA hotA ki hastalekhoM ke patroM ke hAzie para tathA anta meM (kahIM-kahIM madhya meM bho) 'rAma' zabda 1. paMjAba vizvavidyAlaya ke priMsipala vUlahara kahA karate the ki jisane choTA zodhakArya (lovara risarca = anya sampAdana) nahIM kiyA vaha bar3A zodhakArya, (hAI risarca) nahIM kara sktaa| isaliye unhoMne apane samasta 3. DIliTa (usa samaya pI eca0 DI0 nahIM thI) ke chAtroM se grantha sampAdana hI. karavAyA thaa|

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52 mahAbhASya ke TIkAkAra 406 prAcIna lipikAra maMgalArtha likhate the / ataH 'rAma' zabda ko dekhakara lipikAra ke 'rAma' nAma kI kalpanA karanA cintya hai / usase bhI hAsyAspada bAta hai - anya hastalekhoM para likhe 'rAma' nAma ke AdhAra para unheM dIpikA ke lekhaka kA likhA svIkAra karanA / yadi varmA jI ne dIpikA kI phoTo kA bhI darzana kara liyA hotA, to ve yaha 5 bhUla na karate / phoTo kApI se spaSTa vidita hotA hai ki isakI mUla prati kaI lekhakoM ke hAtha kI likhI huI hai / 1 7. uddharaNa saM08 meM likhI kalpanA 'khaNDita prati pRSTha saMkhyA 2000 (do hajAra ) ' zabdoM para AdhRta hai / jaba yaha pATha hI mUla koza meM nahIM hai, taba varmA jo kI kalpanA svayaM Dhaha jAtI hai / isa vivecanA se spaSTa hai ki dIpikA ke granthaparimANa, aura usameM do prakaraNa truTita hone ke viSaya meM varmA jI ne jo kucha likhA hai, vaha saba bhrAntimUlaka hai / grantha kA sAkSAt darzana kiye vinA kisI viSaya para likhanA prAyaH azuddha evaM bhrAntijanaka hotA hai / mahAbhASyadIpikA ke uddharaNa - isake uddharaNa kaiyaTa, vardhamAna 15 zeSanArAyaNa, zivarAmendra sarasvatI, nAgeza aura vaidyanAtha pAyaguNDe Adi ke granthoM meM upalabdha hote haiM / antima cAra granthakAra vikrama kI 18 vIM zatAbdI ke haiM / ataH prayatna karane para isa TIkA ke anya hastalekha milane kI pUrI sambhAvanA hai / 20 mahAbhASyadIpikA kI pratilipi -- paJjAba yUnivarsiTI ke pustakAlaya meM vartamAna dIpikA kA phoTo pAkistAna meM raha gayA hai / bar3e saubhAgya kI bAta hai ki hamAre prAcArya mahAvaiyAkaraNa zrI paM0 brahmadattajI jijJAsu ne saM0 1987 meM paJjAba yUnivarsiTI ke pustakA - laya se mahAn parizrama se dIpikA kA hastalekha prApta karake apane upayoga ke lie usakI eka pratilipi karalI thI / vaha isa samaya 25 rAmalAla kapUra TrasTa ke pustaka saMgraha meM surakSita hai / mahAbhASyadIpikA kA sampAdana saM0 1991 meM hamAre AcArya zrI paM0 brahmadatta jI jijJAsu ne mahAbhASya dIpikA kA sampAdana prArambha kiyA thA / parantu usake kevala cAra phArma ( 32 pRSTha) hI kAzI ko 'suprabhAtam' patrikA meM prakAzita hue 30

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410 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa the / kAryAvarodha kA kAraNa prAcAryavara kA svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI kRta yajurveda-bhASya ke sampAdana aura usa para vivaraNa likhane meM pravatta ho jAnA thaa| isa kAraNa ve dIpikA kA prakAzana pUrA na kara sake / yadi vaha saMskaraNa pUrNa prakAzita ho jAtA, to agale saMskaraNoM kI 5 AvazyakatA hI na rhtii| AcAryavara dvArA kiyA gayA sampAdana agale sampAdanoM kI apekSA adhika uttama hai| isake pazcAt mahAbhASya-dIpikA kA do sthAnoM se prakAzana huA hai / eka ke sampAdaka haiM-zrI paM0 kAzInAtha abhyaGkara / yaha bhaNDArakara oriyaNTala risarca iMsTITyUTa pUnA se prakAzita huA hai| dUsare ke 1. sampAdaka haiM-zrI vI0 svAminAthan / yaha hindU vizvavidyAlaya kAzI se prakAzita huA hai| prathama saMskaraNa meM upalabdhAMza pUrA chapA hai, jaba ki dUsare meM 4 Ahnika taka hI chapA hai / punaH sampAdana kI AvazyakatA-hamane ye donoM saMskaraNa dekhe haiM / usake AdhAra para hama nissaMzaya kaha sakate haiM ki ina saMskaraNoM ke 13 prakAzita ho jAne para bhI isake eka saMskaraNa kI aura AvazyakatA hai| yadyapi ina saMskaraNoM ke sampAdakoM ne paryApta parizrama kiyA hai, punarapi ina donoM ke vaiyAkaraNa na hone se aneka sthala saMzodhanAha raha gaye haiN| bhartRhari ke anya grantha 20. Adya bhartRhari ke 'mahAbhASyadIpikA' ke atirikta nimna grantha aura haiM- . . . . . . . . 1-vAkyapadIya (prathama dvitIya kaanndd)| 2-prakIrNakANDa (tRtIya kaanndd)|: :..: . : 3-vAkyapadIya (kANDa 1, 2) kI svopjnyttiikaa|| 4-vedaantsuutr-vRtti| :'. '..:.. : . 5-miimaaNsaasuutr-vtti| . ina meM saMkhyA 1, 2, 3, para vicAra 'vyAkaraNa ke dArzanika granthakAra' nAmaka 26 veM adhyAya meM kiyA jaayegaa| saMkhyA 4, 5 kA saMkSipta varNana hama pUrva kara cuke haiN| . : ::. . 30 . mahAbhASyadIpikA ke vizeSa uddharaNa - hamane bhartRhariviracita 'mahAbhASyadIpikA' kA anekadhA pArAyaNa

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mahAbhASya ke TIkAkAra 411 kiyA hai| usameM aneka mahattvapUrNa vacana haiN| hama unameM se kucha eka atyanta Avazyaka vacanoM ko nIce uddhRta karate haiM 1-yathA taittirIyAH kRtaNatvamagnizabdamuccArayanti / ' hastalekha pRSTha 1; pUnA saM0 pRSTha 1 / 2-evaM hya ktam-sphoTa: zabdo dhvanistasya vyAyAmAdupajAyate / 5 hastalekha pRSTha 5; pUnA saM0 4 / 3-asti hi smRtiH-ekaH zabdaH samyagjJAtaH......4 / 16 / 12 / 4-iLe agninAgnineti vivRtirdRSTA baha vRcsUtrabhASye / 17 / 23 / 5. prAzvalAyanasUtre-ye yajAmahe ..... / 17 / 13 / 6. aapstmbsuutre-agnaagne......|17|13| 7. zabdapArAyaNaM rUDhizabdo'yaM kasyacid granthasya / 21 / 17 / 8. saMgraha etat prAdhAnyena parIkSitam-nityo vA syAt kAryo veti / caturdaza sahasrANi vastUni asmin saMgrahagranthe [parIkSitAni] / 26 / 21 / - 6. siddhA dyauH, siddhA pRthivI, siddhamAkAzamiti / pAhatAnAM mImAMsakAnAM ca naivAsti vinAza eSAm / 26 / 22 / 10. evaM saMgraha etat prastutam-ki kAryaH zabdo'tha nitya iti 130 // 23 // 11. ihApi tadeva, kutaH ? saMgraho'pyasyaiva zAstrasyaikadezaH, tatraka- 20 tantratvAd vyADezca prAmANyAdihApi tathaiva siddhazabda upAttaH / 30123 1. tulanA karo-yadyapi ca agnirvRtrANi jaGghanaditi vede kRtaNatvamagnizabdaM paThanti / nyAyamaJjarI pRSTha 288 / yahAM uddhRta pATha prAya: hastalekhAnusArI haiN| pUnA saMskaraNa kA pATha sAtha meM dI gaI pUnA saM0 kI pRSTha saMkhyA para dekheN| 2. yaha vacana bhartRhari ne vAkyapadIya brahmakANDa kI svopajJaTIkA meM bhI uddhata kiyA hai / dekho--pRSTha 35 (lAhaura sN0)| 3. pAge uddharaNa ke anta meM dI gaI prathama saMkhyA hastalekha ke pRSTha kI hai aura dUsarI pUnA saMskaraNa kii| 4. mahAbhASya 6 / 184 //

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412 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 12. anye varNayanti -yaduktaM darzanasya parArthatvAd (ja0 mI0 1 / 1 / 18) api pravRttitvAditi / yadeva tena bhASyeNoktamitikAryANAM vAgviniyogAdapyanyadarzanAntaramasti / utpatti prati tu prasya yadarzanaM yopalabdhiH yA niSpattiH sA parArtharUpA iva, nahi parArthatA5 zUnyaH kAlaH kvacidasti / tasmAdetatpratipattavyama-avasthita evAsau prayoktRkaraNAdisannipAtena abhivyajyata iti / 36 / 26 / / 13. dharmaprayojano veti mImAMsakadarzanam / avasthita eba dharmaH, sa tvagnihotrAdibhirabhivyajyate,' tatpreritastu phalado bhavati / yathA svAmo bhRtyaiH sevAyAM praryate / 38 / 31 // 14. nirukte tvevaM paThyate-vikAramasyAryeSu bhASante zava iti|' tatrAyamarthaH zavaterasun pratyayAntasya yo vikAraH ekadezastameva bhASante, na zavati sarvapratyayAntAM prakRtimiti / 42 / 34-35 / 15. tatraivoktam -dIptAgnayaH khasahArAH karmanityA mahodarAH / ye narAH prati tAMzcintyaM nAvazyaM gurulAghavam // 44 // 36 / / 16. bhASyasUtreSu gurulAghavasyAnAzritatvAt lakSaNaprapaJcayostu mUlasUtrepyAzrayaNAt ihApi lakSaNaprapaJcAbhyAM pravRttiH / 48 / 36 / 17. evaM hi tatroktam -sphoTastAvAneva, kevalaM vRttibhedaH, tatazca sarvASu vRttiSu tatkAlatvamiti / 58 / 48-46 / 1. bhartRhari ne yahAM mImAMsA 111118 ke kisI prAcIna bhASya ko uddhRta kiyA hai| 2. tulamA karo-vRddhamImAMsakA yAgAdikarmanirvayamapUrva nAma dharmamabhivadanti / yAgAdikamava zAbarA bruvate / nyAyamaJjarI pRSTha 276 / yo hi yAga manutiSThati taM dhArmika ityAcakSate / yazca yasya kartA sa tena vyapadizyate / 25 zAbarabhASya 131 // 2 // ina uddharaNoM se spaSTa hotA hai ki bhartRhari zabarasvAmI se bahuta prAcIna hai| 3. nirukta 2 // 2 // 4. caraka sUtrasthAna 27 / 343 // 5. tulanA karo te vai vidhayaH suparigRhItA bhavanti, yeSAM lakSaNaM prapaJcazca / mahAbhASya 6 // 3 // 14 // 30 6. yaha mahAbhASya 111170 ke 'sphoTastAvAneva bhavati dhvanikRtA vRddhiH pATha kI koI prAcIna vyAkhyA pratIta hotI hai|

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mahAbhASya ke TIkAkAra 18. keSAMcit varNo'kSaram, keSAJcit padam, vAkyaM ca / 11 / 1 / 16. evaM hyanye paThanti-varNo akSarANIti / ' 116 / 12 / 20. yadevoktaM vAkyakAreNa vRttisamavAyArtha upadeza iti / tadeva zlokavAtikakAro'pyAha / 116 162 / 21. iti mahAmahopAdhyAyabhartRhariviracitAyAM zrImahAbhASyadIpikAyAM prathamAdhyAyasya dvitIyamAhnikam / 117 / 62 / 22. nAntaH [pAdamiti] pAThamAzrityedamupanyastam, na prakRtyAntaHpAdamiti / 142 / 110 / 23. ayamevArtho vRttikAreNa darzita:-dhAtvaikadezalopo dhAtulopa 10 iti |..."evN ca kecid vRttikArA dhAtulopa iti kimarthamiti paThanti / 145, 146 / 112 / 24. prajApati yatkicana manasA dodheta tadadhItayajubhireva prApnoti tadadhItayajuSAmadhotayajuSTvaM etatriskte (etaM niruktaM) dhyAyete varNyate / ayaM hi tatra vyAkhyAnagranthaH-prajApati yatkicana 15 manasA 'dhyAyat taditi rAptavAniti / 165 / 126 / 25. yadapyucyata iti ayaM grantho'smAdanantaraM yuktarUpo dRzyate / 175 / 135 // 26. tatkathamivasamudAye kAryabhAjini avayavA na labhante / 175 / 135 / 27. asmistu darzane pANininA mukhagrahaNaM paThitamiti dRshyte| cUrNikArastu bhAgapravibhAgamAzritya pratyAcaSTe / 176 / 135 / 28. saMvAravivArAviti / yathA caite bAhyAstathA zikSAyAM vista. reNa pratipAditam / 184 / 134 / 26. prasyAM zikSAyAM bhintrasthAnatvAt ( ? bhinnaprayatnatvAd) 25 nAsti avarNahakArayoH savarNasaMjJeti / 184 / 144 / 1. tulanA karo-vyAkaraNAntare varNA akSarANIti vacanAt / mahAbhASyapradIpa, a0 1, pA0 1, prA0 2 // . yaha kisI saMhitA grantha kA prAcIna vyAkhyAna hai| isa sAre uddharaNa kA pATha bahuta azuddha hai| 20

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414 saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa 30. prAcAryeNApi sarvanAmazabdaH zaktidvayaM parigRhya prayuktaH / yathA - idaM viSNuvicakrame ' ityatra eka eva viSNuzabdo'nekazaktiH san pradhidevatamadhyAtmamadhiyajJaM cAtmani nArAyaNe caSAle ca tathA zaktyA pravartate / evaM ca kRtvA vRko mAsakRdityatrAva graha medo'pi bhavati, candra5 masi prayukto mAsa [kRt ] zabdo'vagRhyate vRko mAsakRditi / 268 / 203-204 / 31. ihAnye vaiyAkaraNAH paThanti - pratyayottarapadayora dvivacanaTAporasyobhayaH / zranyeSAm ubhasya nityaM dvivacanaM TAp ca lopazca taya: / TAbiti TAbAdayo nirdizyante / anyeSAmevaM pAThaH - 10 pradvivacanayapUvati (?) / kecit punarevaM paThanti - ubhasyobhayoradvivacane / ubhasyobhayo bhavati pradvivacana iti / 270 / 205 / 32. tatraitasminna bhASyakArasyAbhiprAyamevaM vyAkhyAtAraH samarthayante / 281 / 213 / 54 33. na ca teSu bhASyasUtreSu' gurulaghuprayatnaH kriyate / tathA cAha 15 nahIdAnImAcAryAH kRtvA sUtrANi nivartayanti iti / bhASyasUtrANi hi lakSaNaprapaJcAbhyAM nidarzanasamarthatarANi / 281, 282 / 213 // 1. Rgveda 1 / 22 / 17 // 2. tulanA karo - aruNo mAsakRt (R0 1105 / 18 ) nmAsAnAM cArghamAsAnAM ca karttA bhavati candramAH / nirukta 5 / 21 / / 10 3. evaM ca bhartRhariNA ubhayonyatreti vArtikamUlabhUtam 'ubhayasya dvivacana TApU ca lopazca yasya' iti vyAkaraNAntarasUtramudAhRtam / nAgeza, mahAbhASyapradIpodyota 1 / 1 / 27 // pRSTha 302, kAlama 1 4. tulanA karo - prApizalastvevamarthaM sUtrayatyeva -- ubhasyobhayoradvivacanaTApoH / tantrapradIpa 2|3|8|| dekho - bhAratakaumudI bhAga 2, pRSTha 835 / 25 5. bahuvacana nirdeza se spaSTa hai ki bhartRhari se pUrva mahAbhASya kI aneka vyAkhyAeM racI gaI thIM / "mAsakR 6. bhASyasUtra se yahAM vArtikoM kA grahaNa hai| isase pratIta hotA hai ki STAdhyAyI para vRttiyAM hI likhI gaIM, ata eva usakA nAma 'vRttisUtra' hai / dekho - pUrva pRSTha 240 / vArtikoM para vRttiyAM nahIM banIM, usa para bhASya hI likhe gaye / 7. mahAbhASya, a0 1, pAda 1, prA0 1, pRSTha 12 / 30

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mahAbhASya ke TokAkAra 415 34. iha tyadAdInyApizalaiH kimAdInyasmatparyantAni tataH puurvpraadhreti..."| 287 / 216 / 35. vigrahabhedaM pratipannAH vRttikArAH / 265 / 221 / 36. asmin vigrahe kriyamANe sUtre yo doSaH sa uktaH / idAnIM vRttikArAntara[mata] mupanyasyati / 306 // 228 / ___37. prata eSAM vyAvRttyarthaM kuNinApi taddhitagrahaNaM kartavyam / prato gaNapATha eva jyAyAnasyApi vRttikArasya, ityetadanena pratipAvayati / 309 / 233 / 38. naiva saunAgadarzanAmAdhIyate / 310231 / 36. tasmAdanarthakamantagrahaNaM dRzyate / nyAse' tu prayojanamantagrahaNa- 10 syoktam-svabhAvaijantapratipattyartham iha mA bhUt kumbhakA[rebhyaH] iti / 314 // 263 / 40. mA naH samasya dUDhya' iti / etasya niruktakAro vyAkhyAnaM karoti-mA naH sarvasya dudhiyaH pApadhiya iti / 323 // 240 / 41. anyeSAM punarlakSaNe 'samo yukte' samazabdo yukte'rthe nyAyye- 15 jye vartate sarvanAmasaMjJo bhavati / iha tu na samazabdo yuktArthe prayukta iti doSAbhAvaH / 323 / 240 / 42. sarvavyAkhyAnakAra ridamavasitaM mukhasvareNaiva bhavitavyamupAgnimakha iti / anye varNayanti" / 328 / 243 / 1. tulanA karo-tyadAdIni paThitvA gaNe kaizcit pUrvAdIni paThitAni / 20 kaiyaTa, mahAbhASyapradIpa 1 // 1 // 34 // 2. yaha nyAsa jitendrabuddhiviracita 'nyAsa' aparanAma 'kAzikAvivaraNapaJjikA' se bhinna grantha hai| kyoMki usameM yaha pATha nahIM hai| bhAmaha ne kAvyAlaMkAra 636 meM kisI nyAsakAra kA ullekha kiyA hai| bhAmaha skandasvAmI (vi0 saM0 687) kA pUrvavartI hai / aneka vidvAna bhAmaha aura jinendrabuddhi kA 25 pauNirya saMbandha nizcita karate rahe, vaha saba vRthA hai| kyoMki prAcIna kAla meM nyAsagrantha aneka the| ataH bhAmaha kisa nyAsakAra kA ullekha karatA hai, yaha prajJAta hai| 3. Rgveda 8756 // 4. nirukta // 23 // 5. isase bhI mahAbhASya para aneka prAcIna vyAkhyAoM kI sUcanA milatI hai| 30

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5 416 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 43. kathaM taduktaM bhAradvAjA prasmAt matAt pracyAvyate iti ucyate / yathAnena smRtyopanibaddhaM tataH pracyAvyata iti / 356 261 / 1 44. ubhayathA prAcAryeNa ziSyAH pratipAditAH - kecid vAkyastha kecid varNasyeti' / 372 / 270 / 45. zruterarthAt pAThAcca prasRte'tha manISiNaH / sthAnAnmukhyAcca dharmANAmAhuH zrutirveda kramAt / zruteH kramamAhuH - hRdayasyAgre'vadyati, zratha jihvAyAH, zratha vakSasaH / prathazabdo'nantarArthasya dyotakaH zrUyate / tatra idaM kRtvA idaM kartavyamiti / kramapravRttirarthakramo yadArtha evamucyate -devadattaM bhojaya snAna10 payAnulepayodvartayAbhyaJjayeti / zrarthAt kramo niyamyate - abhyaJjanamu dvartanaM snApanamanulepanaM bhojanamiti / pAThakramo niyatAnupUrvake zrutivedavAkyene kAryopAdAne uddezinAmanudezinAM ca sakRdathitvena vyavati SThate / yathA smRtau parimArjana pradAhanekSaNanirNejanAni taijasamAtrikadvAravatAmiti / 377 / 274 / 1 15 46. ihAsteH kecid sakAramAtramupadizya pitsu zraDAgamaM vidadhati, ' kecid kAralopama pitsu vacaneSu / 380 / 275 / 47 tatredaM darzanaM - padaprakRtiH saMhiteti / 411 / 266 / mahAbhASyadIpikA meM prAcIna bhASyayAkhyAoM kA ullekha 25 mahAbhASyadIpikA meM kecit zrapare dhanye prAdi zabdoM se mahA20 bhASya ke aneka prAcIna vyAkhyAkAroM ke pATha uddhRta haiM / hama yahAM unakA saMketamAtra karate haiM kecit - 4, 6, 167, 176, 176, 186, 204, 205, 211, 280, 321, 333, 374, 400, 404, 407, 424 / pUnA saMska, meM kramaza: pRSTha paMkti - 3, 23 / 51, 16 / 127, 13 / 136, 10 / 136, 11 / 148, 10 / 156, 1 / 156, 16 / 163, 10 / 1. isase pratIta hotA hai ki banAI thI / 2. yaha Apizali kA mata hai / dekho -- aSTA0 113123 kI kAzikAvivaraNapaJjikA aura padamaJjarI / 3. nirukta 1 / 17 // tulanA karo -- RkprAti0 2 // 1 // pANini ne aSTAdhyAyI kI vRtti bhI

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mahAbhASya ka TAkAkAra 212, 16 / 236, 4 / 246, 10 / 272, 4 / 288, 19 / 262, 52263, 16 / 305,2 / / keSAJcit-36, 178 / pUnA saM0 31, 18, 138,6 / anye-4, 57, 70, 154, 160, 166, 176, 176, 183, 185,276, 280, 308,336, 374, 374, 382, 361, 5 367, 366 / 324 / pUnA saM0 pRSTha paMkti -3, 26 / 48, 6 // 60,7 // 118, 14 / 122. 10 / 126, 14 / 135, 22 / 136, 11143, 12 // 145, 10 / 212, 33212,201230, 6 / 246, 16 / 272, 4 / 277, 7282, 201287, 5, 286, 11305, 2 / anyeSAm-18, 36, 46, 165 / pUnA saM0 13, 20131, 19 // 37, 25 // 125, 16 / apare-70, 76, 164, 176, 178, 186, 205, 326, 365, 368, 400, / pUnA saM0 pRSTha paMkti-60, 8164, 7 // 125, 10 / 136, 101138, 16148, 111154, 16 / 156, 7 15 243, 22 // 265, 21 // 267, 13 // 286, 18 / mahAbhASya kI prAcIna TokAnoM meM pAThAntara-15, 16, 100, 104, 165, 168,181, 415, 430 / pUnA saM0 pRSTha paMkti-11, 12 // 14, 24181, 11 / 83, 22 / 125, 16 / 128, 21 // 140, 23 // 268, 193301, 23 / 306, 8 / 20 viziSTa padoM kA vyavahAra vAkyakAra (=vAtikakAra)-62, 116, 162, 280, 378, 414 / pUnA saMska0 pRSTha paMkti-53, 992, 9 / 123, 23 / 213, 1-2274, 10298,7 / . . cUrNikAra-(=mahAbhASyakAra)-176, 199, 236 / pUnA 25 saM0 pRSTha paMkti-136, 17 / 155, 16 / 180, 11 // . iha bhavantastvAhuH-61, 107, 125, 269', 272 / pUnA saM0 pRSTha paMkti-51, 2286, 2068,743 204, 24 / 207, 3 / 1. mahAbhASya 3 / 1 / 8 meM bhI 'iha bhavantastvAhuH' kA uddharaNa milatA hai / 2. yahAM hastalekha meM 'indrabhavasvAhuH' apapATha hai| dra-pUrva pRSTha 346 / 30 3. yahAM mudrita pATha 'iha bhavatu' hai yaha prayukta hai|

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418 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA ititAsa 2. ajJAtakartRka (saM0 680 vi0 se pUrva) skandasvAmI Rgveda kA eka prasiddha bhASyakAra hai| usane nirukta para bhI TIkA likhI hai| vaha nirukta 112 ko TIkA meM likhatA hai - anye varNayanti-bhAvazabdaH zabdaparyAyaH / tathA ca prayogaH-'yadvA 5 sarve bhAvAH svena bhAvena bhavanti sa teSAM bhAvaH' iti, 'sarve zabdAH svenA thenArthabhUtAH saMbaddhA bhavanti sa teSAM svabhAvaH' iti tatra vyAkhyAyate / yahAM skandasvAmI ne pahile 'yadvA "bhAvaH' pATha uddhRta kiyA haiM / yaha pATha mahAbhASya 5 / 1 / 116 kA haiM / tadanantara 'sarve "svabhAvaH' pATha likhakara anta meM 'tatra vyAkhyAyate' likhA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki 10 skandasvAmI ne uttara pATha mahAbhASya kI kisI prAcIna TIkA grantha se uddhRta kiyA hai| skandasvAmI harisvAmI kA guru hai / harisvAmI ne zatapatha brAhmaNa prathama kANDa kA bhASya saMvat 695 vi0 meM likhA haiN| yadi harisvAmI kI tithi kali saM. 3047 ho, jaisA ki pUrva pRSTha 388-389 15 para likhA hai, to skandasvAmI kI nirukta TIkA meM uddhRta mahAbhASyavyAkhyA vikrama saMvat pravartana se bhI pUrvavartI hogii| 3. kaiyaTa (saM0 1100 vi0 se pUrva) kaiyaTa ne mahAbhASya kI 'pradIpa' nAmnI eka mahattvapUrNa vyAkhyA likhI hai / mahAbhASya para upalabdha TIkAtroM meM bhartRhari kI mahAbhASya20 dIpikA ke anantara yahIM saba se prAcIna TIkA hai| paricaya vaMza-kaiyaTaviracita mahAbhASyapradIpa ke pratyeka adhyAya ke anta meM jo vAkya upalabdha hotA hai, usake anusAra kaiyaTa ke pitA kA nAma 'jaiyaTa upAdhyAya' thaa| 25 mammaTakRta kAvyaprakAza kI 'sudhAsAgara' nAmnI TIkA meM bhImasena ne kaiyaTa aura uvvaTa ko mammaTa kA anuja likhA hai / yajurvedabhASya ke anta meM uvvaTa ne apane pitA kA nAma 'vajraTa' likhA hai| ataH 1. dekho--pUrva pRSTha 388 / 2. ityupAdhyAyajayaTaputrakaiyaTakRte mhaabhaassyprdiipe......|| 3. AnandapuravAstavyavajraTasya ca sUnunA / uvaTena kRtaM bhASyaM .... //

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mahAbhASya ke TIkAkAra 416 bhImasena kA lekha azuddha hone se pramANa yogya nahIM hai| bhImasena kA kAla saM0 1776 hai / pratIta hotA hai ki use kaiyaTa, udhdaTa aura mammaTa nAmoM ke sAdRzya ke kAraNa bhrama huaa| __ aAnandavardhanAcAryakRta 'devIzataka' kI eka kaiyaTakRta vyAkhyA upalabdha hotI hai| vyAkhyA kA lekhana kAla kali saMvat 4078 arthAt 5 vikrama saM0 1034 hai / devIzataka kI vyAkhyA meM kaiyaTa ke pitA kA nAma 'candrAditya' milatA hai / ataH yaha kaiyaTa bhI pradIpakAra kaiyaTa se bhinna hai| ___ guru-velvAlkara ne kaiyaTa ke guru kA nAma 'mahezvara' likhA hai|' isameM pramANa anveSaNIya hai| : ziSya-kaipaTa ne nissandeha aneka chAtroM ke lie mahAbhASya kA pravacana kiyA hogaa| parantu hameM unameM se kevala eka ziSya kA nAma jJAta huA hai, vaha hai-'udyotakara' / yaha udyotakara nyAyavArtika ke racayitA naiyAyika udyotakara se bhinna vyakti hai / kaiyaTa-ziSya udyotakara ne bhI vyAkaraNa para koI grantha racA thaa| usake kucha uddharaNa paM0 15 candrasAgarasUri ne haimabRhadvatti kI AnandabodhinI TIkA meM uddhRta kiye haiN| unameM se eka isa prakAra hai. ...."svagurumatamupadarzayannudyotakara Aha-yathAtra bhavAnaspadupAdhyAyovyAkaraNaratnakAra-pUrNacandramAH kaiyaTAkhyaH ziSyasAthamidamavocat-bhRtyApekSAyAtra SaSThI kRtA, sAdhyApekSayA .....' ... zrI vijayAnandasUri ke ziSya amaracandra viracita haiMmabRhadvattyavacUrNi meM bhI pRSTha 143 para udyotakara kA nimna pATha uddhata hai- udyotakarastvavAha-sitotereva grahaNaM nyAyyaM sayetyanena sAhaca ryAt / kiM ca syatigrahaNe niyamArthatA jAyate, sinotigrahage tu vidhya.. thtaa| vidhiniyamasaMbhave ca vidhireva jyAyAn / na ca vAcyamekanava 25 sitagrahaNena syatisinotyubhayopAdAnAdvidhyarthatA niyamArthatA'pi syAt' . iti| 1. dra0--sisTams Apha saMskRta grAmara, pairAgrApha 28 / 2. haimabRhadvatti bhAga 1, pRSTha 188, 210 / 3. haimabRhadvRtti bhAga 1, pRSTha 210 /

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420 mahAbhASya ke TIkAkAra isa bRhad haimavRttyavacUNi grantha kA lekhanakAla saM0 1264 vi0 zrA0 zu0 3 ravivAra hai|' deza-kaiyaTa ne apane janma se kisa deza ko gauravAnvita kiyA yaha ajJAta hai, parantu kayaTa mammaTa rudraTa udbhaTa Adi nAmoM ke sAdRzya se pratIta hotA hai ki kaiyaTa kazmIra deza kA nivAsI thaa| kAzI ke purAnI pIr3hI ke vaiyAkaraNoM meM prasiddhi rahI hai ki eka bAra kaiyaTa kAzI kI paNDita-sabhA meM upasthita huaA thaa| pAyajAmA pahare hone ke kAraNa usakI ora kisI ne dhyAna nahIM diyA, parantu zAstrIyatattvavizeSa para, jo sabhA meM prastUyamAna thA, kayaTa ne samAdhAna prastuta kiyA, to paNDita-maNDalI cakita raha gaI isa anuzruti se bhI kaiyaTa kA kazmIradezaja honA prakaTa hotA hai| ' mahAbhASya 1 / 2 / 64 ke 'vRkSastho'vatAno vRkSe chinne'pi na nazyati ke vyAkhyAna meM kaiyaTa likhatA hai--'yathA vRkSopari draakssaadiltaa".."| isa dRSTAnta se bhI kaiyaTa kA kazmIradezaja honA puSTa hotA hai| purA15 kAla meM drAkSAlatA bhArata meM kazmIra pradeza meM hI pradhAnarUpa se hotI thii| kAla kaiyaTa ne apane viSaya meM kucha bhI saMketa nahIM kiyA / ataH usakA itivRtta tathA kAla ajJAta hai| hama usake kAla-nirNAyaka bAhyasA. 20 kSyarUpa kucha pramANa upasthita karate haiM 1-sarvAnanda ne amarakoSa kI TIkAsarvasva nAmnI vyAkhyA saMvat 1216 meM likhI hai / usameM vaha maitreyarakSita-viracita dhAtupradIpa' aura kisI TIkA' ko uddhRta karatA hai| 2--maitreyarakSita tantrapradIpa 121 nAmanirdezapUrvaka kaiyaTa ko 25 1. haimabRhadvRttyavacUNi pRSTha 207, vi0 saM0 2004 meM sUrata se prakAzita / 2. yaha kiMvadantI hamane kAzI ke vaiyAkaraNa-mUrdhanya zrI paM0 deva nArAyaNa jI trivedI (tivArI) se adhyayanakAla (san 1927) meM sunI thii| 3. bhAga 1, pRSTha 55, 153, 157 ityaadi| 4. bhAga 4, pRSTha 30 / durghaTavRtti (saM0 1226 vi0) meM bhI dhAtupradIya' ___3. TIkA pRSTha 103 para uddhRta hai|

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421 mahAbhASya ke TIkAkAra smaraNa karatA hai-kajjaTastu kArtikyAH prabhRtIti bhASyakAravacanAdevaMviSiviSaye paJcamI bhavatIti manyate / ' 3-maitreyarakSita apane tantrapradopa' aura dhAtupradIpa meM dharmakIrti tathA tadracita rUpAvatAra ko uddhRta karanA hai / 4--dharmakIti rUpAvatAra meM padamaJjarIkAra haradatta kA ullekha 5 karatA hai| 5--haradattaviracita padamaJjarI aura kaiyaTaviracita mahAbhASyapradIpa kI tulanA karane se vidita hotA ki aneka sthAnoM meM donoM grantha akSarazaH samAna haiM / isase siddha hotA hai ki donoM meM se koI eka dUsare ke grampa kI pratilipi karatA hai / yadyapi kisI ne kisI ke 10 nAma kA nirdeza nahIM kiyA, tathApi nimna pAThoM kI tulanA karane se pratIta hotA hai ki kaiyaTa haradatta se prAcIna hai| kayaTa--yadvA pratiparasamanubhyo'kSNa iti Tac samAsAntaH / sa ca yadyapyavyobhAve vidhIyate, tathApi parazabdasyAkSizabdenAvyayIbhAvAsaMbhavAt samAsAntare vijJAyate / haradatta-anye tu pratiparasamanubhyo'kSaNa iti zaratprabhRtiSu pAThAt Tac sAmAsAnta ityaahuH| sa ca yadyapyavyayIbhAve vidhIyate, tathApi parazabdenAvyayIbhAvAsaMbhavAt samAsAntare vijJAyate / evaM tu kriyAyAM parokSAyAmitibhASyaprayoge TillakSaNo DoSa prApnoti, tasmAdajanta evAyam / kayaTa-UdhvaM damAcceti-damazabde uttarapade Thasanniyogenordhvazambasya makArAntatvaM nipaatyte|' 15 1. bhAratakomudI bhAga 2, pRSTha 863 kI TippaNI mai uddhRta / 2. avinItakIrtinA [dharma] kIrtinA tvAhopuruSikayA likhitam-- tanipatidaridrAtibhyo veD vAcya ityanArSamiti / tantrapradIpa // 2 // 46) dhAtu- 25 pradIpa kI bhUmikA pRSTha 3 meM uddhRt| 3. rUpAvatAre bu Nilope pratyayo tpatteH prAgeva kRte satyekActvAt yadAhRta: cocUryata iti / dhAtupradIpa pRSTha 131 // 4: dIrghAnta evAyaM haradattAbhimataH / rUpAvatAra bhAga 2, pRSTha 157 / 5. pradIpa 3 // 2 // 11 // 6. padamaJjarI 312 / 115 // 7. pradIpa 4 / 360 //

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422 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa haradatta-UvaMzabdena samAlArtha UrdhvaM zabda iti, sa caitavRttiviSaya eva / apara Aha-Thasanniyogena damazabda uttarapade Urvazabdasyaiva mAntatvaM nipAtyata iti / kaiyaTa-guNo vRddhiguNo vRddhiH pratiSedho vikalpanam / punarvaddhiniSedhazca yApUrvAH prAptayo nava / / iti sNgrhshlokH|' haradatta-Aha ca guNo vRddhiguNo vRddhiH pratiSedho vikalpanam / punarvRddhiniSedhazca yApUrvAH prAptayo nava // ' 10 inameM prathama uddharaNa meM haradatta 'anye..."AhuH' zabdoM se kaiyaTa ke mata kA anuvAda karake usakA khaNDana karatA hai| dvitIya meM 'apara' pAha' aura tRtIya meM 'prAha ca' likhakara kaiyaTa ke pATha ko udadhata karatA hai| ina pAThoM se spaSTa hotA hai ki kaiyaTa haradatta se prAcIna hai, aura haradatta kaiyaTa ke pAThoM kI pratilipi karatA hai| 15 aba hama haradatta kA eka aisA vacana uddhRta karate haiM, jisameM haradatta spaSTarUpa se kayaTa kRta mahAbhASya-vyAkhyA ko uddhRta karatA hai| yathA anye tu 'he pviti prApte he po iti bhavatIti bhASyaM vyAcakSANA nityameva guNamicchanti / padamaJjarI 7 / 1 // 72 // 20 tulanA karo mahAbhASyapradopa-he trapu he po iti-he pu iti prApte he po iti bhavatItyarthaH / 7 / 1 / 72 // 'bhASyavyAkhyAprapaJakAra bhI haradatta ko kaiyaTAnusArI likhatA - padamajarI aura mahAbhASyapradIpa meM eka sthala aisA bhI hai, 25 jisase pratIta hotA hai ki pradIpakAra kaiyaTa haradatta ke pATha ko uddhRta karatA hai / yathA / 1. padamaJjarI 4 / 3 / 60 // 2. pradIpa 7 / 2 // 5 // 3. padamajarI 7 / 2 / 5 // 4. prAcInavRttiTIkAyAM kajjaTamatAnusAriNA harimizreNApi ..... / patrA 36 ka /

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mahAbhanSya ke TIkAkAra 423 tacchabdAntarameva avyutpannameva prabandhasya vAcakam / pAramparyamityapi tasmAdeva svArthe vyAja bhavati / kayaM pArovavid iti ? asAdhurevAyam, khapratyayasanniyogena parovareti nipAtanAt / padamaJjarI 5 / 2 / 10 // tulanA karo mahAbhASyapradIpa-anye tu paramparAzabdamavyutpanna- 5 mAcakSate / tasmAt svArthe Syini 'pAramparyam' iti bhavati / 'pArovaryavid' ityasyAsAdhutvamAhuH, pratyayasanniyogenaiva nipAtanasya yuktatvaM manyamAnAH / / 2 / 10 // isa pATha kI upasthiti meM punaH yaha sandeha utpanna ho jAtA hai ki kaiyaTa aura haradatta donoM meM kauna prAcIna hai|' isa saMdeha kI 10 nivRtti puruSottamadeva viracita bhASyavyAkhyA para kisI ajJAtanAmA 'prapaJca' nAmnI TIkA ke lekhaka ke nimna vacana se ho jAtI haiM ataH eva prAcInavRttiTIkAyAM kajjaTa matAnusAriNA hrimishrennaapibhaassyvcnmnuudy..."|' . isase spaSTa hai ki kaiyaTa haradatta se prAcIna hai / ho sakatA hai ki 15 kayaTa ne ukta uddharaNa kisI anya prAcIna grantha se uddhRta kiyA ho, aura haradatta ne usI mata ko pramANa mAna kara 'padamaJjaro' meM svIkAra kiyA ho| yadyapi pUrvanirdiSTa granthakAroM meM maitreyarakSita, dharmakIrti aura haradatta kA kAla bhI anizcita hai, tathApi paraspara eka dUsare ko ud- 20 dhata karane vAle granthakAroM meM nyUnAninyUna 25 varSa kA antara mAna kara ina kA kAla isa prakAra svIkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai pranthakartA granthanAma kAla sarvAnanda TIkAsarvasva 1215 vi0 saM0 ........." dhAtupradIpaTIkA 1160 / 1. bhaviSyat purANa ke AdhAra para DA0 yAkobI ne haradatta kA dehAvasAn 878 I. lagabhaga mAnA hai| jarnala rAyala eziyATika sosAyaTI bambaI, * bhAga 13, pRSTha 31 / / 2. iNDiyana hisTorikala kvArTalI, sepTembara 1943, pRSTha 207 meM uddhRta / isa bhASyavyAkhyA prapaJca ke viSaya meM hama mAge likheNge| .. 30

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424 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa maitreyarakSita dhApUpradIpa 1165 vi0 saM0 dharmakIrti rUpAvatAra' 1140 " . haradatta padamaJjarI 1115 // kaiyaTa mahAbhASyapradIpa 1060 , 5 . isa prakAra kaiyaTa kA kAla adhika se adhika vikrama kI gyArahavIM zatAbdI kA uttarArdha mAnA jA sakatA hai| yaha uparyukta granthakAroM meM nyUnAtinyUna 25 varSa kA antara mAnakara uttara sImA ho sakatI hai| arthAt isa uttara kAla meM kaiyaTa ko nahIM rakha sakate / sambhava hai kaiyaTa isa se bhI adhika prAcIna granthakAra ho, parantu dRr3hatara pramANa ke 10 abhAva meM abhI itanA hI kahA jA sakatA hai| mahAbhASya-pradIpa kayaTa ne apanI TIkA ke prArambha meM likhA hai ki maiMne yaha vyAkhyA bhartRharinibaddha sArarUpa granthasetu ke Azraya se racI hai| yahAM kaiyaTa kA apriAya bhartRhariviracita 'vAkyapradIya' aura 'prakIrNakANDa' se 15 hai / yaha 'sAra' zabda ke nirdeza se spaSTa hai| kaiyaTa ne sampUrNa pradIpa meM kevala eka sthAna para bhartRhariviracita 'mahAbhASyadIpikA' kI ora saMketa kiyA hai, dIpikA kA pATha kahIM para uddhRta nahIM kiyA / isake viparIta 'vAkyapadIya' aura 'prakIrNakANDa' ke zatazaH uddharaNa bhASyapradIpa meM uddhRta haiM / pradIpa se kaiyaTa kA vyAkaraNa-viSayaka praur3ha pANDitya spaSTa vidita hotA hai / samprati mahAbhASya jaise duruha grantha ko samajhane meM ekamAtra sahArA pradIpa grantha hai| isake vinA mahAbhASya pUrNatayA samajha meM nahIM A sktaa| prataH pANinIya saMpradAya meM kayaTakRta 'mahAbhASyapradIpa' atyanta mahattva rakhatA hai| 1. rUpAvatAra aura dharmakIti ko hemacandra ne liGgAnuzAsana kI svopajJabatti meM (pR071) uddhRta kiyA hai--vAH vAri, rUpAvatAre tu dharmakIrtinAsya napaMsakatvamuktama / hemacandrAcArya ne svavyAkaraNa kI racanA sambhavataH saM0 1965 ke lagabhaga kI thii| aisA hama Age nirUpaNa kreNge| 2. tathApi haribaddhana sAreNa granthasetunA.... 3. vistareNa bhartRhariNA pradarzita UhaH / navAhnika nirNayasAgara saMskaraNa pRSTha 20 // 20

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mahAbhASya ke TIkAkAra 425 mahAbhASya-pradIpa ke TIkAkAra | mahAbhASyapradopa ke atyanta mahattvapUrNa hone ke kAraNa aneka vaiyAkaraNoM ne isa para TIkAeM likho haiN| unameM se nimna TIkAkAroM kI TIkAeM upalabdha yA jJAta haiM1, cintAmaNi 8. nArAyaNa zAstrI 2. mallaya yajvA 6. nAgezabhadra 3. rAmacandra sarasvatI 10. pravartakopAdhyAya 4. IzvarAnanda sarasvatI 11. prAdena 5. anna bhaTTa 12. sarvezvara somayAjI 6. nArAyaNa 13. harirAma 7. rAmasevaka 14. ajJAtakartRka ina TIkAkAroM kA varNana hama 'mahAbhASya-pradIpa ke vyAkhyAkAra' nAmaka bArahaveM adhyAya meM kreNge| 4. jyeSThakalaza (saM0 1085-1135 vi0) 15 jyeSThakalaza ne mahAbhASya kI eka TIkA likhI thI, aisI aitihAsikoM meM prasiddhi hai| parantu gavarnameNTa saMskRta kAleja kAzI se prakAzita 'vikramAGkadevacarita' ke sampAdaka paM0 murArIlAla zAstrI nAgara kA mata hai ki jyeSThakalaza ne mahAbhASya para koI TIkA nahoM rcii| hamArA bhI yahI vicAra hai / bilhaNa kA lekha isa prakAra hai- 20 mahAbhASyavyAkhyAmakhilajanavandyAM vidadhataH, sadA yasyacchAtraistilakitamabhUt prAGgaNamapi / ' yahAM 'vidadhataH' vartamAna kAla kA nirdeza aura chAtroM se zobhita prAGgaNa (-barAmadA) kA varNana hone se pratIta hotA hai ki jyeSTha 1. kRSNamAcArya kRta 'hisTrI Apha klAsikala saMskRta liTarecara' pRSTha 25 155 / 2. vikramAGkadevacarita kI bhUmikA pRSTha 11 / 3. vikamAGkadevacarita sarga 18, zloka 76 /

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* 426 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kalaza ne mahAbhASya kI TIkA nahIM racI thI / ukta zloka meM kevala usake mahAbhASya ke pravacana meM atyanta paTa hone kA ullekha kiyA hai, phira bhI aitihAsikoM ko isa viSaya para anusaMdhAna karanA cAhie, aisA hamArA vicAra hai| paricaya vaMza-jyeSThakalaza kauzika gotra kA brAhmaNa thaa| isake pitA kA nAma rAjakalaza aura pitAmaha kA nAma muktikalaza thaa| ye saba zrotriya aura agnihotrI the| jyeSThakalaza kI patnI kA nAma nAgadevI thA / jyeSThakalaza ke bilhaNa iSTarAma aura Ananda nAmaka tIna putra 1. the| ye saba vidvAn aura kavi the| bilhaNa ne 'vikramAGkadevacarita' nAmaka mahAkAvya kI racanA kI hai| deza-jyeSThakalaza kazmIra meM 'pravarapura' ke pAsa 'konamukha' grAma kA nivAsI thaa| vaha mUlataH madhyadezIya brAhmaNa thaa| kAla 15 jyeSThakalaza kA putra bilhaNa kazmIra chor3a kara dakSiNa deza meM calA gayA / vaha kalyANI ke cAlukyavaMzI SaSTha vikramAditya tribhuvanamalla kA sabhA-paNDita thaa| usane bilhaNa ko 'vidyApati' kI upAdhi se vibhUSita kiyA thaa| isa vikramAditya kA kAla vi0 saM0 1133 1184 taka mAnA jAtA hai / ataH bilhaNa ke pitA jyeSThakalaza kA 20 kAla vi0 saM0 1085-1135 taka rahA hogaa| bilhaNa ne 'vikramAGkadevacarita' ke aThArahaveM sarga meM apane vaMza kA vistAra se paricaya diyA hai| 25 5. maitraya rakSita (saM0 1145-1175 vi0) maitreya rakSita bauddha vaiyAkaraNoM meM viziSTa sthAna rakhatA hai| sIradeva ne paribhASA-vRtti meM maitreya rakSita ko bahuzaH uddhRta kiyA hai| unameM kucha uddharaNa aise haiM, jinase pratIta hotA hai ki maitreya rakSita ne mahAbhASya kI koI TIkA racI thii| sIradeva ke ve uddharaNa nIce likhe jAte haiM

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mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali 427 1-enacca 'prAto lopa iTi ca' (aSTA0 6 / 4 / 64) ityatra 'Tita prAtmanepadAnAM Tere(aSTA0 3 / 4 / 79) ityatra ca bhASyavyAkhyAnaM rakSitenoktam / pari0 pR0 71 / ' 2-etacca 'sarvasya dve' (aSTA0 8 / 1 / 1) ityatra bhASyavyAkhyAnaM rakSitenoktam / pari0 pRSTha 51 / paribhASAsaMgraha pRSTha 186 5 1-tatratasmin bhASye rakSitenoktam / pari0 pRSTha 71 / paribhASA saMgraha pRSTha 201 4-ata eva 'nAglopizAsvRditAm' (aSTA0 7 / 4 / 2) ityatra rakSitenoktam-halacorAdezo na sthAnivaditi, yadi hi syaat...| iha punaralopigrahaNasAmarthyAt samudAyalopItyAzrIyate / kevalAglope 10 pratiSeSasyAnarthakyAditi bhASyaTokAyAM nirUpitam / pari0 pRSTha 154 / paribhASAsaMgraha pRSTha 250 / ina uddharaNoM meM 'bhASyavyAkhyAna' aura bhASyaTIkA zabdoM kA nirdeza mahattvapUrNa hai| parantu caturtha uddharaNasya 'aglopigrahaNa' se lekara 'pratiSedhasyAnIkyAt' pATha ke kaiyaTa kI pradIpa TIkA (7 / 4 / 2) 15 meM upalabdha hone se yaha uddharaNa sAMzayika haiM / deza-maitreya rakSita sambhavataH baMga deza kA nivAsI hai| isa viSaya meM hamane isa grantha ke 'dhAtu-pATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA' nAmaka 21 veM adhyAya meM maitraya rakSita viracita 'ghAtapradIpa' ke prakaraNa meM prakAza DAlA hai| kAla-maitreya rakSita kA nizcita samaya ajJAta haiM / kaiyaTa ke kAla-nirdeza meM hamane maitreya rakSita ke 'dhAtapradIpa' kA AnumAnika racanAkAla saMvat 1165 vi0 likhA hai (dra0--pRSTha 424) / tadanusAra maitreya rakSita kA kAla saM0 1145-1175 vi0 ke AsapAsa mAnA jA sakatA hai| anya grantha maitreya rakSita ne nyAsa kI 'tantrapradIpa' nAmnI mahatI TIkA, 1. yahAM paribhASAvRtti (kAzI saM0)kI pRSTha saMkhyA dene meM bhUle huI hai / punarAvalokana ke samaya ukta pRSTha para yaha pATha nahIM milaa|

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428 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa dhAtupradIpa aura durghaTavRtti likhI thii| inakA varNana hama Age tattat prakaraNoM meM kreNge|' 6. puruSottamadeva (saM0 1200 vi0) puruSottamadeva ne mahAbhASya para 'prANapaNA' nAma kI eka laghuvRtti likhI thii| isa vRtti kI vyAkhyA kA TIkAkAra maNikaNTha isakA nAma 'prANapaNita" likhatA hai / puruSottamadeva baGgaprAntIya vaiyAkaraNoM meM prAmANika vyakti mAnA jAtA hai| aneka granthakAra puruSottamadeva ke mata pramANakoTi meM 10 upasthita karate haiN| kaI sthAnoM meM ise kevala 'deva' nAma se smaraNa kiyA hai paricaya puruSottamadeva ne apane kisI grantha meM apanA koI paricaya nahIM diyA / ataH usakA vRttAnta ajJAta hai deza-puruSottamadeva ne aSTAdhyAyI kI bhASAvRtti meM pratyAhAroM kA parigaNana karate hue likhA hai-az haz vaz jhara jaz punarbaz / ' isa vAkya meM 'punaH' pada ke prayoga se jJAta hotA hai ki puruSottamadeva baMgadeza nivAsI thaa| kyoMki baMgaprAnta meM 'ba' aura 'va' kA uccAraNa samAna arthAt pavargIya 'ba' hotA hai / ata eva puruSottamadeva ne 20 uccAraNajanya punaruktadoSa parihArArtha 'punaH' zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai| mata-deva ne mahAbhASya aura aSTAdhyAyI kI vyAkhyAnoM ke maMgava zloka meM 'buddha' ko namaskAra kiyA hai| bhASAvRtti meM anyatra zrI 15 1. tantrapradIpa--'kAzikA ke vyAkhyAtA' nAmaka 15 veM adhyAya meM nyAsa ke vyAkhyAta prakaraNa meM / ghAtupradIpa--'dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura 25 vyAkhyAtA' nAmaka 21 veM adhyAya meM / durghaTavRtti--'aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra' nAmaka 14 veM adhyAya meN| 2. dekho-pAge pRSTha 430, Ti0 2 / 3. bhASAvRtti pRSTha 1 / 4. mahAbhASya0 --namo budhAya buddhAya / bhASAvRtti-namo buddhaay.....|

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mahAbhASya ke TIkAkAra 426 jina, bauddhadarzana aura mahAbodhi ke prati AdarabhAva sUcita kiyA hai|' ina se spaSTa hai ki puruSottamadeva bauddhamatAnuyAyI thaa| kAla bhASAvRtti ke vyAkhyAtA sRSTidharAcArya ne likhA hai ki rAjA lakSmaNasena' kI AjJA se puruSottamadeva ne bhASAvRtti banAI thii| 5 rAjA lakSmaNasena kA rAjyakAla abhI taka sAMzayika hai / aneka vyakti lakSmaNasena ke rAjyakAla kA prArambha vikrama saMvat 1174 ke lagabhaga mAnate haiM / puruSottamadeva kA lagabhaga yahI kAla pramANAntaroM se bhI jJAta hotA hai| yathA 1-zaraNadeva ne zakAbda 1095 tadanusAra vikrama saMvat 1230 10 meM durghaTavRtti kI racanA kii| durghaTavRtti meM puruSottamadeva aura usakI bhASAvRtti aneka sthAnoM para udadhRta hai / ataH puruSottamadeva saMvat 1230 vi0 se pUrvabhAvI hai, yaha nizcita hai| 2-vandyaghaTIya sarvAnanda ne 'amaraTIkAsarvasya' zakAbda 1081 tadanusAra vikrama saMvat 1216 meM rcaa| sarvAnanda ne aneka sthAnoM 15 para puruSottamadeva aura usake bhASAvRtti, trikANDazeSa, hArAvalI aura varNadezanA Adi aneka grantha uddhRta kiye haiN| ataH puruSottamadeva ne apane grantha saMvat 1216 se pUrva avazya raca liye the, yaha nirvivAda hai / 1. jinaH pAtu vaH / 3 / 3 / 173 // na doSaprati bauddhadarzane ||raamhaabodhi gantAsma / 3 / 3 / 117 // praNamya zAstre sugatAya tAyine / 1 / 4 / 32 // 20 2. zrIzacandra cakravartI prabhRti kucha loga lakSmaNasena yuvarAjatva kAla meM bhASAvRtti kI racanA mAnate haiM (dra0-saM0 vyA0 kA udbhava aura vikAsa, pRSTha 288) yaha cintya hai / kyoMki sRSTidharAcArya ne ke lakSmaNasena ko rAjA likhA hai, ki yuvarAja / isa kA kAraNa yaha hai ki ve lakSmaNasena kA rAjya kAla 1166 I0 (=saM0 1226 vi0) se mAnate haiM / yaha mAnyatA bhI 25 azuddha hai| *3. vaidikaprayogAnathino lakSmaNasenasya rAjJa prAjJayA prakRte karmaNi prasajana / bhASAvRttyarthavivRtti ke prArambha meM / ' 4. zAkamahIpativatsaramAne ekanabhonavapaJcavitAne pRSTha 1 / 5. idAnIM caMkAzItivarSAdhikasahasrakaparyantena zakAbdakAlena (1081) 30 ..... / bhAga 1, pRSTha 61 /

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430 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa mahAbhASya-laghuvRtti puruSottamadeva viracita bhASyavRtti kA prathama paricaya paM0 dinezacandra bhaTTAcArya ne diyA hai| isakA nAma prANapaNA thaa| puruSottama devakRta bhASyavRtti kA vyAkhyAtA zaMkara paNDita likhatA hai 'pratha bhASyavRttivyAcikhyAsurdevo vighnavinAzAya sadAcArapariprAptamiSTadevatAnatisvarUpaM maGgalamAcavAra / tatpadyaM yathA namo buvAya buddhAya yathAtrimunilakSaNam / vidhoyate prANapaNA bhASAyAM laghuvRttikA // iti deva / ' zaMkara-viracita vyAkhyA ke TIkAkAra maNikaNTha ne devakRta 10 vyAkhyA kA nAma 'prANapaNita' likhA hai|' puruSottamadeva kI bhASya vyAkhyA ko nAgezabhaTTa kA ziSya vaidyanAtha pAyaguNDe udyota kI chAyA TIkA meM udaghata karake usakA khaNDana karatA 'yattu cchvorityUD iti devaH, tnn....|' 15. anya vyAkaraNa-grantha 1-kuNDalI-vyAkhyAna-zrutapAla ne 'kuNDalI' nAmaka koI vyAkaraNa grantha likhA thA / zrutapAla ke vyAkaraNa-viSayaka aneka mata bhASAvRtti, lalitaparibhASA', kAtantravRttiTIkAaura jaina zAka 1. dekho-iNDiyana hisTorikala kvArTI sepTembara 1943, pRSTha 20 201 / puruSottamadeva kI bhASyavRtti aura usake vyAkhyAtAoM kA varNana hamane isI lekha ke AdhAra para kiyA hai / tayA vArendra risarca myUjiyama rAjazAhI. baMgAla (vartamAna meM baMgalAdeza) se mudrita puruSAttamadeva viracita 'paribhASAtti' ke anta meM bhI ye saba aMca adhika vistAra se chape haiN| 2. zrI devayAkhyAtaprANapaNitabhASyagranthasya ...."i0 hi0 kvArTI 25 pRSTha 303 // 3. navAhnika, nirNayasAgara saMska0, pRSTha 182. kAlama 2 / 4. atra saMskaroteH kaiyaTazrutapAlayomatabhedAt / / 3 / 5 // 5. kArmastAcchIlye (aSTA0 54172) ityatra zrutapAlena jJApito hyayamarthaH / 'vArendra risarca sosAiTI' hastalekha naM0 630, patrA 32 ka / 6. kRtaprakaraNa, 68 //

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mahAbhASya ke TIkAkAra 431 TAyana kI amoghA vRtti' meM upalabdha hote haiM / zaGkara 'kuNDalI' grantha ke viSaya meM likhatA hai 'phaNibhASye'tra durgatvaM kanjaTena prakAzitam / zrutapAlasya rAddhAntaH kuNDalyAM kuNDalAyate // ' zaGkara paNDita devaviracita kuNDalI-vyAkhyAna ke viSaya meM 5 likhatA hai 'samAkhyAtazca puruSottamadevaH parisamAptasakalakriyAkalApaH kuNDalI-vyAkhyAne baddhaparikaraH pratijAnIte kuNDalIsaptake ye'rthA durbodhyAH phnnibhaassitaaH| te sarva pratipAdyante sAdhuzandena bhASayA / yadi duSprayogazAlI syAM phaNibhakSyo bhavAmyaham // ' 2-kAraka-kArikA-isa grantha meM kAraka kA vivecana hai| yaha isa ke nAma se hI vyakta hai| inake atirikta puruSottamadeva ne vyAkaraNa para aneka grantha race the| unameM se nimna grantha jJAta haiM3-bhASAvRtti 6-jJApaka-samuccaya 4-durghaTavRtti 7-uNAdivRtti 5-paribhASAvRtti 8-kArakacakra ina granthoM kA varNana yathAprakaraNa isa grantha meM prAge kiyA jaaygaa| anya grantha-uparyukta vyAkaraNa-granthoM ke atirikta trikANDazeSa-amarakoSa-pariziSTa, hArAvalI-koSa aura varNadezanA Adi grantha puruSottamadeva ne race the| trikANDazeSa aura hArAvalI mudrita ho cuke haiN| mahAbhASya-laghuvRtti ke vyAkhyAtA 1. zaMkara navadvIpa nivAsI kisI zaMkara nAmaka paNDita ne puruSottamadeva kI 1. 3 / 1 / 182, 183 /

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432 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa mahAbhASya laghuvRtti para eka vyAkhyA likhI thii| usakA kucha aMza upalabdha huA hai / ' zaMkarakRta vyAkhyA kA TIkAkAra-maNikaNTha zaMkarakRta laghuvRtti-vyAkhyA para paNDita maNikaNTha ne eka vistRta 5 TIkA likhI hai / isa TIkA kA bhI kucha aMza upalabdha huA hai| isa TIkA meM 'kAraka-viveka' nAmaka grantha kI eka kArikA aura bhAryAcArya kA bhAva kA lakSaNa uddhRta hai| kAraka-viveka ke nAma se uddhRta vacana vAkyapadIya aura puruSottamadeva-viracita kAraka kArikA ke pATha se milatA hai| bhAryAcArya kA nAma anyatra upalabdha 10 nahIM hotaa| ___ maNikaNTha bhaTTAcArya ne kAtantravRtti-paJjikA ko 'trilocanacandrikA' nAmnI TIkA likhI hai| hamAre vivAra meM zaMkarakRta bhASyavyAkhyA kA TIkAkAra aura 'trilocana-candrikA' kA lekhaka eka hI maNikaNTha nAmA vyakti hai / 2. bhASyavyAkhyAprapaJcakAra puruSottamadevaviracita bhASyavyAkhyA para kisI ajJAtanAmA vidvAn ne eka vyAkhyA likhI hai / usakA nAma hai-bhASyavyAkhyAprapaJca' / isakA kevala prathamAdhyAya kA prathamapAda upalabdha huaA hai| usake anta meM nimna lekha hai20 iti phaNondrapraNItamahAbhASyArthaduruhatAtparyavyAkhyAnapravRttazrI 1. iNDiyana hisTorikala kvArTI senTembara 1943 / .. 2. vahI iM0 hi0 kvA0 / - 3. sambandhibhedAt sattaiva bhidyamAnA gavAdiSu / jAtirityucyate so'rtho jAtizabde pRthak-pRthak / ityAdi kArakaviveke likhanAt / i. hi0 kvArTarlI .. pRSTha 204 / 4. tasmAt 'bhavato'smAdabhidhAnapratyayAd' iti bhAvaH' iti bhAryAcArya lakSaNaM zaraNam / iM* hi* kvArTarlI pRSTha 204 / . 5. vAkyapadIya kANDa 3, kriyAsamuddeza / 6. jAtirityucyate tasyAM sarve zabdA vyavasthitAH / I0 hi0 kvArTI pRSTha 204 / 7.dra. isa grantha ke pra0 3. 17 meM 'kAtantra vyAkaraNa ke vyAkhyAtA' prakaraNa /

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mahAbhASya ke TIkAkAra maddevapraNItavyAkhyAprapaJce aSTAdhyAyogatArthabodhaka: prathamaH pAdaH samAptaH / zrIzivarudrazarmaNaH svAkSarazca zakAbda 172 // zAke pakSanabhodricandragaNite vAre zanAvAzvine, bhASyagranthanitAntadurgavipinaproddAmadantAvalaH / grantho'pi puruSottamena racito vyAloki yatnAnmayA, natvA zrIparadevatAghrikamalaM sarvArthasiddhipradam // ' - zloka meM granthalekhana kAla zakAbda 1702 likhA hai| aGkoM meM 'zakAbda 172' pATha hai| pratIta hotA hai ki lekhanapramAda se 7 saMkhyA se Age zUnya kA likhanA raha gayA hai| puruSottamadevIya paribhASAvRtti ke anta meM (pRSTha 156, vArendra ri0 myU0 rAjazAhI) 1837 kA 10 isa grantha meM nimna uddharaNa' draSTavya haiN| _ 'kRtamaGgalAH prAzucyAd vimucyante ityatra kRtamaGgalAH kRtagobhUhiraNyazAntyudakasparzA iti harizarmA / ' patrA 3 ka / 'padazeSakArastu zabdAdhyAhAraM zeSamiti vadati / ' patrA 3 kha / 'moMkArazcAthazabdazca iti vyADilikhanAt / ' patrA 5 kha / 'prataH eva vyADi:-jJAnaM dvividhaM samyagasamyak ca / ' 7 ka / tathA cAbhihitasUtre uktam (indumitreNa)eka ekaka ityAhuvityanye trayo'pare / catuSkaH paJcakazcaiva catuSke suutrmucyte|' patrA 31 kha / 'yatpunarindumitregottam -na tiGantAnyeka zeSaM prayojayanti ..... 20 tatpUrvapakSamAtraM... "prataH eva prAcInavRttiTIkAyAM kajjaTamatAnusAriNA harimizreNApi bhASyavavanamanUdha .... / ' patrA 36 / ka / 'samAnameva hi saMketitavaditi mImAMsA / tena samAsasya zaktiH kalpyate, tanmate tu lakSaNAdiriti harizarmalikhanAt vaiyAkaraNastanmatamevAdriyate / ' patrA 71 kha / 25 - ina uddharaNoM meM udadhRta harizarmA sarvathA ajJAta haiN| harimizra nizcaya hI 'padamaJjarokAra' haradatta mizra hai| kyoMki vahI kaiyaTa kA anugAmI aura prAcInavRtti (=kAzikA) kA TIkAkAra hai / pada 1. 'bhASyavyAkhyAprapaJca' ke saba uddharaNa i0 hi* kvArTI sepTemvara 1943, pRSTha 207 se uddhRta kiye haiN|

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa zeSakAra kAzikA' aura 'mAdhavIyA dhAtuvRtti" meM uddhRta hai / indumitra kAzikA kA vyAkhyAtA hai / isakA varNana kAzikA ke vyAkhyAtA' prakaraNa meM hogaa| vyADi ke donoM vacana usake kisa grantha se uddhRta kiye gaye haiM, yaha ajJAta hai| sambhava hai ki 'proMkArazca' 5 ityAdi zloka usake koSa grantha se uddhRta kiyA gayA ho, aura 'jJAnaM dvividhaM' ityAdi usake sAMkhyagrantha se liyA gayA ho| - - 7. dhanezvara (saM0 1250-1300 vi0) paNDita dhanezvara ne mahAbhASya kI cintAmaNi nAmnI TIkA likhI 10 haiN| isakA 'dhaneza' bhI nAmAntara hai / yaha vaiyAkaraNa vopadeva kA guru hai| dhanezvaraviracita prakriyAratnamaNi nAmaka grantha aDiyAra ke pustakAlaya meM vidyamAna hai| DA0 belvelkara ne isakA nAma 'prakriyAmaNi' likhA hai| dhanezvaraviracita mahAbhASyaTIkA kA ullekha zrI paM0 gurupada hAla15 dAra ne apane 'vyAkaraNa darzanera itihAsa' pRSTha 457 para kiyA hai / . vopadeva kA kAla vikrama kI 13 vIM zatAbdI kA uttarArva hai| ataH dhanezvara kA kAla bhI terahavIM zatI kA madhya hogaa| 8. zeSa nArAyaNa (saM0 15-100550 vi0) zeSavaMzAvataMsa nArAyaNa ne mahAbhASya kI 'sUktiratnAkara' nAmnI eka praur3ha vyAkhyA likhI hai / isa vyAkhyA ke hastalekha aneka pustakAlayoM meM vidyamAna haiN| bar3odA ke. 'rAjakIya prAcyazodha hastalekha pustakAlaya' meM isa vyAkhyA kA eka hastalekha phiridAya bhaTTa kRta mahAbhASya-TIkA ke nAma se vidyamAna hai / isa hastalekha ko hamane vi0 25 saM0 2017 ke bhAdramAsa meM dekhA thaa| 1. 7 / 2 / 58 // 2. gamlu dhAtu, pRSTha 162 / mudrita pATha 'puruSakAradarzana, pAThAntara-parizeSakAra hai, vaha azuddha hai| yahAM 'padazeSakAradarzana' pATha honA caahiye| 3. sisTams Apha saMskRta grAmara, pRSTha 100, paM0 3 /

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mahAbhASya ke TIkAkAra 435 10 paricaya vaMza-zeSa nArAyaNa ne zrautasarvasva ke anta meM apanA paricaya isa prakAra diyA hai iti zrImadvodhAyanamArgapravartakAcAryazrIzeSaanantadIkSitasutazrIzeSavAsudevadIkSitatanadbhavamahAmImAMsakadIkSitazeSanArAyaNanirNote zrauta- 5 sarvasve'vyaGgAdivicAro nAma dvitiiyH|' ____ isase vidita hotA hai ki zeSa nArAyaNa ke pitA kA nAma vAsudeva dIkSita aura pitAmaha yA nAma ananta dIkSita thaa| isa zeSa nArAyaNa ne baudhAyana zrautasarvasva ke atirikta baudhAyana agniSToma prayogAdi grantha bhI race the|' .. prAphekTa kI bhUla-AphekTa ne apane bRhat sUcIpatra meM zeSa nArAyaNa ke pitA kA nAma 'kRSNasUri' likhA hai, vaha ThIka nahIM / kRSNasUri to zeSa nArAyaNa kA putra hai| sUktiratnAkara meM aneka sthAnoM para nimna zloka milate haiM zrImatphirindAparAjarAjaH shriishessnaaraaynnpnndditen| 15 phaNIndrabhASyasya subodhaTIkAmakArayad vizvajanopakRtyai // bhATTe bhaTa iva prabhAkara iva prAbhAkare yo'bhavata, kRSNaH sUrirato'bhavad budhavaro nArAyaNastatkRtau / nAnAzAstravicArasAracature sattarkapUrNe mahA bhASyasyAkhilabhAvagUDhavivRtau zrIsUktiratnAkare // 20 'sambhava hai ki AphekTa ne dvitIya zloka ke dvitIya caraNa kA kisI hastalekha meM 'kRSNasUrito'bhavad'azuddha pATha dekhakara zeSa nArAyaNa ko kRSNasUri kA putra likhA hogA / kRSNamAcArya kI bhUla-paM0 kRSNamAcArya ne 'hisTrI Apha klAsikala saMskRta liTarecara' pRSTha 654 meM 'sUktiratnAkara' ke kartA zeSa 25 nAsayaNa ko zeSakRSNa kA putra aura vIrezvara kA bhAI likhA hai, vaha bhI azuddha hai| 1. iNDiyA prAphisa landana kA sUcIpatra bhAga 1, pRSTha 70, granthAGka 360 / 2. dra0-baudhAyanazrota darzapUrNamAsa bhAga ke sAyaNa bhASya ke sampAdaka rUpanArAyaNa pANDeya likhita prAstAvika, pRSTha 23 / (pryaagmudrit)| 30

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436 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa AphekTa ne zeSanArAyaNa ke eka ziSya kA nAma zeSa rAmacandra likhA hai| yaha zeSakulotpanna nAgoji paNDita kA putra hai| isane pANinIya vyAkaraNastha svaravidhAyaka sUtroM kI 'svara-prakriyA' nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai|' yaha AnandAzrama pUnA se san 1974 meM prakAzita vaMzavRkSa-zeSavaMza pANinIya vyAkaraNa-nikAya meM eka vizeSa sthAna rakhatA hai / isa vaMza ke aneka vyaktiyoM ne vyAkaraNa-sambandhI grantha likhe haiM, jinakA baNana isa grantha meM aneka sthAnoM para hogaa| ataH hama isa vaMza kA pUrNa paricAyaka vaMzavRkSa nIce dete haiM, jisase 10 aneka sthAnoM para kAlanirdeza karane meM sugamatA hogI anantAcArya nasiMha gopAlAcArya' viTaThalAcArya kRSNAcArya rAmacandra ananta . nRsiMha rAmacandra jAnakInandana vAsUdeva / / cintAmaNi kRSNa nRsiMha ananta zeSanArAyaNa / rAmezvara 'nAganAtha viTThala kRSNasUri rAmacandra lakSmIdhara mahAdevasUri ananta zeSa viSNu ... 1. iti zeSakulotpannena nAgojipaNDitAnAM putreNa rAmacandrapaNDitaviracitA svaraprakriyA samAptA / saM0 1848 vi0 / jammU ke raghunAtha mandira ke pustakAlaya kA sUcIpatra, pRSTha 263 para uddhRta / mAnandAzrama pUnA se prakAzita grantha meM saM0 1914 likhA hai| 20 vizeSa--isa pRSTha kI zeSa 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, TippaNiyAM agale pRSTha para dekha /

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mahAbhASya ke TIkAkAra 437 upayukta vaMzavRkSa meM nirdezita mahAdevasUri kA putra kRSNasUri kA pautra zeSa viSNu se bhinna eka zeSa kRSNa - putra zeSaviSNu aura upalabdha hotA hai / zeSakRSNa zrAtmaja zeSa viSNu - isa zeSaviSNukRta paribhASA - prakAza grantha ke prathama pAda paryanta kA eka hastalekha bhaNDArakara prAcya 5 ( pichale pRSTha kI zeSa TippaNiyAM) 2. rAmacandrAcAryakRta 'kAlanirNayadIpikA' ke anta meM 'iti zrImatparamahaMsa parivrAjakAcAryagopAla gurupUjyapAda rAmacandrAcArya kRta kAladIpikA samAptA' pATha upalabdha hotA hai / isa se jJAta hotA hai ki gopAlAcArya saMnyAsI ho gayA thA / 10 3. 'manoramAkucamardana' aura 'mahAbhASyapradIpodyotana' meM isakA nAma vIrezvara likhA hai / cakrapANidatta ne 'prauDhamanoramAkhaNDana' meM 'vaTezvara' nAma likhA hai / isakA eka hastalekha iNDiyA aphisa landana ke pustakAlaya meM vidyamAna hai, usa meM 'vIrezvara' pATha hI hai| sUcI 0 bhAga 2, pRSTha 162 granthAGka 728 / sambhava hai 'vaTezvara' vIrezvara kA lipikara - pramAda janya pATha 15 ho / kauNDa bhaTTa ne vaiyAkaraNa bhUSaNasAra ke prArambha meM vIrezvara ko 'sarvezvara ' nAma se smaraNa kiyA hai / 4. nAganAtha ko nAgoji bhI kahate haiM / 5. viTThala ne prakriyA kaumudI ke anta meM 14 veM zloka meM smRti apane samasAmayika 'jagannAthAzrama' kA nAma likhA hai / usakA ziSya 'nRsiMhAzrama' 20 aura usakA ziSya 'nArAyaNAzrama' thaa| nRsiMhAzrama ne 'tattvaviveka' kI pUrti saM 0 1604 vi0 meM kI thI, aura isa para svayaM 'tattvArthavivekadIpana' TIkA bhI likhI hai| ye narmadA tIravAsI the / appayya dIkSita ne nyAyarakSAmaNi, parimala prAdi grantha nRsihAzrama kI preraNA se likhe the / nArAyaNazrama ne nRsiMhAzrama ke granthoM para vyAkhyAeM likhI haiN| hindutva, pRSTha 624, 625, 627 // 25 6. AphrekTa ne kRSNasUri ko zeSa nArAyaNa kA pitA likhA hai, vaha azuddha hai| yaha hama pUrva (pRSTha 432) likha cuke haiM / 7. yaha 'svaraprakriyA' kA racayitA hai| dra0 - pRSTha 436, Ti0 1 /

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438 saMskRta vyAkaraNa kA itihAsa zodha pratiSThAna pUnA ke hastalekha-saMgraha meM vidyamAna hai / ' isa ke Adi meM nimna pATha hai zeSAvataM zeSAMzaM jagatritayapUjitam / cakrapANi tathA natvA, pitaraM kRSNapaNDitam // 2 // bhrAtaraM ca jagannAthaM viSNuzeSeNa dhImatA / ... // 3 // anta kA pATha isa prakAra hai iti zrImaccheSakRSNapaNDitAtmajazeSaviSNupaMDitaviracitaparibhASAprakAze prathamaH pAdaH / uparyukta zloka meM nidarzita zeSa cakrapANi sambhavataH zeSa viSNu 10 kA pitAmaha athavA tAU (pitA kA bar3A bhAI) hogA, kyoMki usakA nirdeza pitA kRSNa se pUrva kiyA hai athavA cAcA bhI ho sakatA hai / 'iNDiyA Aphisa landana' ke pustakAlaya meM 'zeSa ananta' kRta 'padArtha-candrikA' kA saMvat 1658 kA hastalekha hai| dekho-granthAGka 2086 / usameM zeSa ananta apane guru kA nAma zeSa zArGgadhara likhatA 15 hai| zeSa nArAyaNa kA eka ziSya nAgoji putra zeSa rAmacandra hai, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiM / hamArA vicAra hai ki 'padArtha-candrikA' kA kartA ananta lakSmIdhara kA putra ananta hai| zeSa nAgoji sambhavataH nAganAtha hai| usakA putra rAmacandra hai / rAmacandra kA guru prasiddha mahAbhASya TIkAkAra zeSa nArAyaNa hai, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiN| 'nAgarI pracAriNI sabhA kAzI' ke hastalekhasaMgraha meM zeSa govinda kRta 'agniSTomaprayoga' kA eka pUrNa hastalekha hai / usake 66 veM patre para kAla (saMbhavataH lipikAla) saM0 1810 vi0 likhA hai| isa prakAra zeSa-vaMza ke jJAta pAMca vyakti 'cakrapANi' 'viSNuzeSa' jagannAtha, ananta-guru 'zeSa zAGgavara' aura agniSTomaprayogakRta 'zeSa 25 govinda' kA sambandha isa vaMzAvalI meM jor3anA zeSa raha jAtA hai| isa vaza se sambandha rakhanebAlI eka pramukha guruziSya-paramparA kA citra nimna prakAra hai 1. dra-sUcIpatra vyAkaraNa vibhAga, bhAga 1, paSTha 233, hastalekha saMkhyA 300 (482 // 1884-87) san 1938 meM mudrita / 3. 2. dekho-pUrva pRSTha 436 kI TippaNI 1 /

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436 mahAbhASya ke TIkAkAra gopAlAcArya kRSNAcArya rAmacandra kRSNa nRsiMha rAmezvara (vIrezvara) viTThala jagannAtha bhaTTojidIkSita cakrapANidatta ukta vaMzacitra viTThalakRta 'prakriyAkaumudI-prasAda' tathA anya 5 granthoM ke AdhAra para banAyA hai / prakriyAkaumudI ke sampAdaka ne viTThalAcArya aura ananta ko rAmezvara ke nIce aura gopAlaguru tathA rAmacandra ko nAganAtha ke nIce nimna prakAra jor3A hai kRSNa rAmezvara viThThalAcArya nAganAtha gopAlaguru ananta rAmacandra yaha sambandha Thoka nahIM hai| kyoMki viTThala-likhita gopAla guru pUrvalikhita gopAlAcArya hai / saMnyAsa lene para vaha gopAlaguru nAma se 10 prasiddha huA, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiN| 'prakriyAprasAda' ke anta ke chaThe zloka se jJAta hotA hai ki nRsiMha (prathama) ke kaI putra the, nyUna se nyUna tIna avazya the| kyoMki 'gopAlAcAryamukhyAH prathitaguNagaNAstasya putrA prabhUvan'zlokAMza meM bahuvacana se nirdeza kiyA hai| jyeSTha kA nAma gopAlAcArya aura kaniSTha kA nAma kRSNAcArya thA, yaha spaSTa hai| parantu madhyama putra ke nAma kA ullekha nhiiN| viTThala ne viTThalAcArya guru ke putra ananta ko namaskAra kiyA hai / usase pratIta 1. dekho--pRSTha 437, Ti0 2 / 2. dekho- pRSTha 437, Ti0 1 / 3. zrI viThThalAcAryagurostanUjaM saujanyabhAjajitavAdirAjam / anantasaMjJa padavAkyavijJaM pramANavijJaM tamahaM namAmi / / anta meM mudrita 11 vAM zloka / 20

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440 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa hotA hai ki gopAlAcArya aura kRSNAcArya kA madhyama sahodara viThThala thaa| kAla zeSavaMza kI jo vaMzAvalI hamane Upara dI hai| usake anusAra zeSa nArAyaNa zeSa kRSNa ke putra vIrezvara kA samakAlika vA usase kucha pUrvavartI hai| vIrezvara-ziSya viTThalakRta 'prakriyAkaumudIprasAda' kA saMvat 1536 vi0 kA eka hastalekha landana ke iNDiyA Aphisa ke pustakAlaya meM vidyamAna hai|' ataH nizcaya hI viTThala ne 'prakriyA kaumudI' kI TIkA saM0 1536 vi0 se pUrva racI hogii| isaliye 10 vIrezvara kA janma saMvat 1500 vi0 ke anantara nahIM ho sakatA / lagabhaga yahI kAla zeSa nArAyaNa kA bho samajhanA cAhiye / pUrvoddhRta zlokoM meM smata 'phirindAparAja' kauna hai, yaha ajJAta hai| yadi phirindAparAja kA nizcaya ho jAve, to zeSanArAyaNa kA / nizcita kAla jJAta ho sakatA hai| 15 'sUktiratnAkara' kA saba se prAcIna saM0 1675 vi. kA hastalekha iNDiyA mAphisa landana ke pustakAlaya meM hai| dekho-sUcIpatra bhAga 1, khaNDa 2, granthAGka 560 / bar3odA ke hastalekha-saMgraha meM phiradApa bhaTTa ke nAma se jo hastalekha vidyamAna hai, vaha anumAnataH vikrama kI 16 vIM zatI kA pratIta hotA hai| 9. viSNumizra (saM0 1600 vi0) 'viSNamizra' nAma ke kiso vaiyAkaraNa ne mahAbhASya para 'kSIroda' nAmaka TippaNa likhA thaa| isa grantha kA ullekha zivarAmendra sarasvatI viracita mahAbhASyaTokA' aura bhaTTojidIkSitakRta zabdako25 stubha meM milatA hai / ina do granyoM se anyatra viSNumitra athavA 1. dekho -sUcIpatra bhAga 2, pRSTha 167, granyAGka 616 / 2. tadidaM sarva kSIrodAkhye liGgArkikaviSyamitraviracite mahAbhASyaTippaNe saSTam / kAzI sarasvatI bhavana kA hastalekha, patrA 6 / pradIpavyAkhyA nAni, bhAga 2, pRSTha 57 / 30 3. hayavaraTsUtre kSIrodakAro'pyAha / zabdakaustubha 1 / 18, pRSTha 144 /

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mahAbhASya ke TIkAkAra 441 kSIroda kA ullekha hameM nahIM milaa| ataH kSIroda kA nizcita kAla ajJAta hai| bhaTToji dIkSita kA kAla adhika se adhika saM0 1550-1650 vi0 taka hai, yaha hama prAge sapramANa drshaaveNge| ataH viSNumizra ke kAla ke viSaya meM itanA hI kahA jA sakatA hai ki vaha saM0 1600 5 vi0 ke.samIpa rahA hogaa| hamate kAzI ke sarasvatI bhavana ke hastalekha ke pATha meM "viSNumitra' nAma par3hA thaa| pANDicerI se prakAzita 'pradIpavyAkhyAnAni' meM 'viSNumizra' nAma chapA hai| isa saMskaraNa meM hama ne mudrita grantha ke anusAra hI nAma kA saMzodhana kara diyA hai| 10 10. nIlakaNTha vAjapeyI (saM0 1600-1675 vi0) nIlakaNTha vAjapeyI ne mahAbhASya kI 'bhASyatattvaviveka' nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai / isakA eka hastalekha 'madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha pustakAlaya' ke sUcIpatra bhAga 2 khaNDa 1 A. pRSTha 1612, granthAGka 15 1288 para nirdiSTa hai / isa hastalekha ke anta meM TIkAkAra kA nAma nIlakaNTha yajvA' likhA hai / yaha sUcanA zrI sItArAma dAMtare (rIvA) ne 10-3-63 I0 ke patra meM dI hai| paricaya vaMza-nIlakaNTha vAjapeyI ne siddhAntakaumudI kI 'sukhabodhinI 20 vyAkhyA ke prArambha meM apanA paricaya isa prakAra diyA hai rAmacandramahendrAkhyaM pitAmahamahaM bhaje // mAtreyAgdhikalAnidhiH kavibudhAlaMkAracUDAmaNiH / tAtaH zrIvaradezvaro makhivaro yo'yaSTa devAn makhaiH madhyaSTAppayadIkSitAryatanayAt tantrANi kAzyAM punaH / SaDvargANi tyajeSTazivatAM prApa nasso'vatAta // zrIvAjapeyinA nIlakaNThena viduSAM mude| siddhAntakaumudIvyAkhyA kriyate sukhbodhinii| asmadgurukRtAM vyAkhyAM bahvAM tattvabodhinIm / vibhAvya tatrAnuktaM ca vyAkhyAsye'haM yathAmati // .:. 30

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442 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA ititAsa 5 ina zlokoM se vidita hotA hai ki nIlakaNTha rAmacandra kA pautra aura varadezvara kA putra thA / varadezvara ne appayadIkSita ke putra se vidyAdhyayana kiyA thaa| nIlakaNTha ne tattvabodhinIkAra jJAnendra sarasvatI se vidyA par3hI thii| kAla kAzI meM kiMvadantI prasiddha hai ki 'bhaTToji dIkSita ne svaviracita siddhAntakaumudI para vyAkhyA likhane ke lie jJAnendra sarasvatI se aneka bAra prArthanA kii| unake anumata na hone para jJAnendrasarasvatI ko bhikSAmiSa se apane gaha para bulAkara tAr3anA kii| anta meM jJAnendra sarasvatI ne TIkA likhanA svIkAra kiyaa'|' isa kiMvadanto se vidita hotA hai ki bhaTroji dIkSita aura jJAnendra sarasvatI lagabhaga samakAlika the| paNDita jagannAtha ke pitA peraMbhaTTa ne isI jJAnendra bhikSu se vedAntazAstra par3hA thaa| isase pUrvalikhita kAla kI puSTi hotI hai / ataH nIlakaNTha kA kAla vikrama saMvat 1600-1675 vi0 ke madhya honA 15 caahiye| anya vyAkaraNa nIlakaNTha ne vyAkaraNa-viSayaka nimna grantha likhe haiM1-pANinIyadIpikA 2-paribhASAvRtti 3- siddhAntakaumudI kI sukhabodhinI TIkA 4-tattvabodhinIvyAkhyAna gUDhArthadIpikA / inakA varNana agale adhyAyoM meM yathAprakaraNa kiyA jaaegaa| 11. zeSa viSNu (saM0 1600-1650 vi0) zeSa viSNu viracita 'mahAbhASyaprakAzikA' kA eka hastalekha hamane 25 bIkAnera ke 'anapa saMskRta pustakAlaya' meM dekhA hai| usakA granthAGga 5774 hai / yaha hastalekha mahAbhASya ke prArambhika do Ahnika kA hai / usake prathamAhnika ke anta meM nimna pATha upalabdha hotA hai - 1. yaha kiMvadantI hamane kAzI ke kaI prAmANika paNDita mahAnubhAvoM se sunI hai| yahAM para isakA ullekha kevala samakAlikatva darzAne ke lie kiyA hai|

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mahAbhASya ke TokAkAra 443 iti zrImanmahAdevasUrisutazeSaviSNuviracitAyAM mahAbhASyaprakAzikAyAM prathamAdhyAyasya prathamAhnikam / . vaMza-zeSa viSNu kA saMbandha vaiyAkaraNaprasiddha zeSa-kula se hai| isa ke pitA kA nAma mahAdevasUri, pitAmaha kA nAma kRSNasUri, aura prapitAmaha kA nAma zeSa nArAyaNa thaa| dekho-zeSa-vaMza-vRkSa pRSTha 5 - isa vaMzaparamparA se jJAta hotA hai ki zeSa viSNu kA kAla lagabhaga saM0 1600-1650 vi0 ke madhya rahA hogaa| ... eka zeSakRSNa ke putra zeSaviSNu ne paribhASApATha para 'paribhASAprakAza' nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai| isakA ullekha hama dUsare bhAga meM 10 paribhASA ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA' nAmaka 26 veM adhyAya meM kareMge / isa zeSa kRSNa ke putra zeSa viSNu kA sambandha hama pUrva (pRSTha) vidiSTa vaMzAvalI meM jor3ane meM asamartha rahe / 12. tirumala yajvA (saM0 1550 vi0 ke lagabhaga) 15 tirumala yajvA ne mahAbhASya kI 'anupadA' nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI 20 paricaya vaMza-tirumala ke pitA kA nAma mallaya yajvA thaa| tirumala yajvA apane 'darzapaurNamAsamantra-bhASya' ke anta meM likhatA hai 'iti zrImadrAghavasomayAjikulAvataMsacaturdazavidyAvallabhamallayasUnunA tirumalasarvatomukhayAjinA mahAbhASyasyAnupadaTIkAkRtA racitaM darzapaurNamAsamantrabhASyaM sampUrNam / " tirumala ke pitA mallaya yajvA ne kaiyaTa viracita 'mahAbhASyapradIpa' para TippaNI likhI hai / unakA ullekha agale adhyAya meM kiyA 25 jAyegA / tirumala kA kAla ajJAta hai| hamArA vicAra hai ki yaha 1. dekho- 'madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha pustakAlaya' kA sUcIpatra bhAga 2, khaNDa 1C, pRSTha 2362, granthAGka 1664 /

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444 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa tirumasa yajvA annambhaTTa kA pitA hai| donoM ke nAma ke sAtha 'rAghavasomayAjikulAvataMsa' vizeSaNa samAnarUpa se nirdiSTa hai / ataH isana kAla saM0 1550 vi0 ke lagabhaga hogaa| 13. gopAlakRSNa zAstrI (saM0 1650-1700 vi0) . aDiyAra pustakAlaya ke sUcIpatra bhAga 2 pRSTha 74 para gopAlakRSNa zAstrI viracita 'zAbdikacintAmaNi' nAmaka mahAbhASyaTIkA kA ullekha hai| isakA eka hastalekha 'madrAsa rAjakIya pustakAlaya' meM bhI hai (dekho-sUcIpatra bhAga 1, khaNDa 1 A, pRSTha 231, granthAGka 143) / 10 sUcIpatra meM nirdiSTa hastalekha ke Adyanta pATha se pratIta hotA hai ki yaha bhaTToji dIkSita viracita zabdakaustubha ke sadRza aSTAdhyAyI kI svatantra vyAkhyA hai| hameM isake mahAbhASya kI vyAkhyA hone meM sandeha ___ gopAlazAstrI ke pitA kA nAma vaidyanAtha, aura guru kA nAma 15 rAmabhadra adhvarI thaa| rAmabhadra kA kAla vikrama kI 17 vIM zatAbdI kA uttarArdha hai, yaha hama Age 'uNAdisUtroM ke vRttikAra' nAmaka 24 veM adhyAya meM likheNge| 14. zivarAmendra sarasvatI (saM0 1675-1750) . 20 zivarAmendra sarasvatI ne sampUrNa mahAbhASya para "siddhAntaratna prakAza' nAmnI eka sarala subodha vyAkhyA likhI hai| yaha vyAkhyA chAtroM evaM mahAbhASya ke vizeSa adhyetAoM ke lie atyanta upayogI . hamane isa grantha ke prathama dvitIya aura tRtIya saMskaraNoM meM jo 25 1. dekho--'mahAbhASyapradIpa ke vyAkhyAkAra' nAmaka 12 veM adhyAya meM annambhaTTakRta 'pradIpodyotana' kA antyApATha / 2. iti zrIvatsakulatilakavaidyanAthasumatisUnoH vaiyAkaraNAcAryasArvabhaumazrIrAmabhadrAdhvarigurucaraNazlAghitakuzalasya gopAlakRSNazAstriNaH kRtau zAbdikacintAmaNI prathamAdhyAyasya prathame pAde'STamamAhnikam /

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mahAbhASya ke TokAkAra 445 varNana kiyA thA, usakA AdhAra kAzI ke 'sarasvatI bhavana' pustakAta laya meM vidyamAna navAhnika mAtra bhAga kA hastalikhita koza thA / aba yaha vyAkhyA pANDicerI sthita 'phrAMsisa iNDoloji iMsTITyUTa' dvArA mahAbhASyapradIpavyAkhyAnAni ke antargata SaSTha adhyAya taka chapa cukI hai / isake sampAdaka ema0 esa0 narasiMhAcArya haiM / / siddhAntaratnaprakAza kayaTa kRta pradIpa para vyAkhyArUpa nahIM hai / phira bhI pradIpavyAkhyAnAni ke antargata ise kisa kAraNa chApA hai, isakA nirdeza sampAdaka ne nahIM kiyA hai / kucha bho kAraNa rahA ho, parantu isa vyAkhyA ke mudraNa se vaiyAkaraNoM ko bahuta lAbha hogA, aisA hamArA vicAra hai / siddhAntaratnaprakAza meM pade pade kaiyaTa kI vyAkhyA kA khaNDana upalabdha hotA hai / kaiyaTa kA pradhAna AdhAra bhartRhari kRta mahAbhASyadIpikA tathA vAkyapadIya grantha hai| isa prakAra kayaTa ke pratyAkhyAna sthaloM meM bahutra paramparAtaH bhartRhari ke mata kA khaNDana bhI isa vyAkhyA dvArA kiyA hai / aneka sthaloM para zivarAmendra sarasvatI kA cintana atyanta gambhIra hai, tathA kaI sthAnoM para 15 paramparAgata lIka se haTa kara bhI haiM / zivarAmendra sarasvatI ne apanA kucha bhI paricaya nahIM diyA / isa kAraNa isakA deza kAla Adi ajJAta hai| siddhAntaratnaprakAza ke pratipAda ke anta meM isa prakAra nirdeza milatA hai zrImatparamahaMsaparivrAjakAcAryahariharendrabhagavatpUjyapAdaziSyazroziva- 20 rAmendrasarasvatI yogIndraviracite mahAbhASyasiddhAntaratnaprakAze "" / isa se kevala itanA vidita hotA hai ki zivarAmendra sarasvatI ke guru kA nAma hariharendra sarasvatI thA, tathA zivarAmendra sarasvatI yogI thA / zivarAmendra sarasvatI ne apanI mahAbhASya kI vyAkhyA meM kaiyaTa 25 athavA pradIpa ke atirikta jina granthoM kA nAmollekhana pUrvaka khaNDana kiyA hai, ve nimna grantha haiM 1. viSNumizraviracita kSIrodAkhya mahAbhASya TippaNa / isakA varNana pUrva kara cuke haiM (pRSTha 440-441) / dra0 siddhAntaratnaprakAza bhAga 2, pRSTha 57 /

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446 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa - 2. vivaraNa-vivaraNa nAma ke do vyAkhyAna kaiyaTakRta pradIpa para hai (inakA varNana agale adhyAya meM kareMge) / inake bheda ke lie vivaraNa ke sampAdaka ne inakA nirdeza laghuvivaraNa aura vivaraNa zabdoM se kiyA hai| __sampAdaka ne 'pradIpavyAkhyAnAni' ke prathama bhAga ke upoddhAta meM pRSTha XVIII (18) para siddhAntaratnaprakAza meM vivaraNa ke khaNDana meM likhe gaye kucha vacana uddhRta kiye haiN| yathA tRtIyA samAse (1 / 1 / 30) iti sUtre-etena 'sAdRzyamarthataH prayogArhatvena veti' vivaraNaM pratyuktam / dra0 bhAga 1, pRSTha 177 / __ yahAM zivarAmendra sarasvatI ne jisa vivaraNa ke pATha kA khaNDana kiyA hai, vaha bRhada vivaraNa kA hai| dra0 bhAga 2, pRSTha 177 / yahAM kevala 'ca' zabda kA bheda hai / vastutaH siddhAntaratnaprakAza ke pATha meM bhI 'ca' pATha hI honA cAhiye / 'vA' pada kA sambandha upapanna nahIM hotA hai / uraNa raparaH (111 / 51) iti sUtre-etena paitRSvaseya iti / 15 lopavacane tu sarvAdezArtha syAditi kaiyaTaH / raparatvAbhidhAnamukhena sarvA dezatvaM lopasyAbhidhitsitam -raparatvaM cAvivakSitama, tenaMtanna codanIyama-yadi sarvAdezo lopastadA uHsthAne na bhavatIti kathaM raparaH syAditi' tadvivaraNaM ca nirastam / dra0 bhAga 2, pRSTha 338 / yahAM vivaraNa ke jisa pATha ko uddhRta karake zivarAmendra sarasvatI 20 ne khaNDana kiyA hai, vaha bhI [bRhad] vivaraNa kA hai| dra0 bhAga 2 pRSTha 336 / 3. zabdakaustubha-zivarAmendra sarasvatI ne kaustubha vA zabdakostubha nAma se bhaTToji dIkSita viracita zabdakaustubha grantha kA khaNDana kiyA hai / yathA-sUtra 1 / 1 / 1, 4, 56, 63, 65 kI siddhAntaratna25 prakAza vyaakhyaa| 4. siddhAntakaumudI-midaco'ntyAta paraH (13147) kI vyAkhyA meM zivarAmendra sarasvatI ne likhA hai ata eva hyetad bhASyazraddhAjADya netAdRza eva prakRtaMsUtrArtha prAzritaH siddhAntakaumudyAm /

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mahAbhASya ke TIkAkAra , 447 5. prauDhamanoramA-mahAbhASya 1169 kI vyAkhyA meM zivarA mendra sarasvatI ne likhA hai etena pratyAhArANAM tadvAcyavAcye nirUDhalakSaNeti manoramA prtyuktaa| dra0 bhAga 3, pRSTha 232 / zivarAmendra sarasvatI dvArA pratyAkhyAta manoramAvacana praur3hamano- 5 ramA ke prArambha meM draSTavya hai| dra0 caukhambA mudrita, pRSTha 16 / 6. mayUkhamAlA-zivarAmendra sarasvatI ne mahAbhASya 1 / 1 / 5 kI vyAkhyA meM likhA hai zAsivasighasInAM ceti sUtre ghasigrahaNajJApakAt kAryakAlapakSa siddhiriti prapaJcitaM mayUkhamAlikAyAm / bhAga 1, pRSTha 326 / 1. vAkyaracanA se yaha mayUkhamAlikA grantha zivarAmendrakRta pratIta hotA hai| uparyukta granthoM meM se zabdakaustubha siddhAntakaumudo aura praur3hamanoramA kA nirdeza karane se spaSTa hotA hai ki zivarAmendra sarasvatI bhaTToji dIkSita se kucha uttaravartI athavA samakAlika hai / yaha isakI 15 pUrva sImA hai| nAgeza bhaTTa zivarAmendra sarasvatI ke prAzaya ko nahIM svIkAra karatA hai, kahIM-kahIM aparokSarUpa se khaNDana karatA hai| yathA 1. viti ca (aSTA0 1 / 1 / 5) ke 'lakArasya GittvAdAdezeSu' vArtika ke pradIpa ke 'pid Ginna' pratIka ko uddhRta karake nAgeza 20 likhatA hai___ sArvadhAtukamityatrApiditi yogavibhAgena prasajyapratiSedhenAyamartho 'labhyate / tatra yogavibhAgasAmarthyAt sthAnivattvaprAptA yA anyA vA GittvaprAptiH sarvA pratiSidhyata ityAzayaH / ' isa para nAgeza kA ziSya vaidyanAtha pAyaguNDa likhatA hai- 25 laDo Gittvasya nityaM Dita ityAdau sAphalyena mipaH pittvasya TillakArAdezatve sAphalyena laGAdeza mipyAtidezika GittvaM syAdeva, 1. navAhnika nirNayasAgara saMska0 pRSTha 165, kAlama 2 /

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446 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa yatra tu tayoranyataradanavakAzaM tatraiva Dicca pinnetyAdipravRttiritiratnoktiM khaNDayatumAha-sArveti / ' __chAyAkAra vaidyanAtha ke kathanAnusAra nAgeza ne sArvadhAtukamAzritya mAdi paGikta zivarAmendra sarasvatI ke bhASyavyAkhyAna ke khaNDana ke liye likhI hai / chAyAkAra dvArA uddhRta paGikta siddhAntaratnaprakAza meM bhAga 1, pRSTha 330 paM0 11-13 para svalpa pAThabheda se upalabdha hotI hai| 2. isI prakAra vRddhirAdaic (1 / 1 / 1) sUtra ke SaSThInidiSTasyAdezA ucyante bhASya ke pradIpa kI vyAkhyA karate hae nAgeza ne likhA 1. haiM-vastutastu sthAnaprasaGga eva..."vadanti / " __isakI vyAkhyA meM vaidyanAtha pAyaguNDa ne siddhAntaratnaprakAza vI navAhnika, bhAga 1. pRSTha 230 paM0 28 'sthAnazabdasyAnupAttatvena se lekara pRSTha 231, paM0 7 'bhavatastAtparyAt' paryanta bhAga ko svazabdoM meM uddhRta karake likhA hai-iti ratnoktamapAstam / ___ isa prakAra aneka prasaMga uddhRta kiye jA sakate haiN| parantu ukta do uddharaNoM se hI yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki zivarAmendra sarasvatI nAgeza bhaTTa se kucha paurvakAlika hai athavA samakAlika hone para bhI zivarAmendra sarasvatI ne svabhASya-vyAkhyA nAgezakRta udyota se pUrva likhI thii| yaha spaSTa hai / ataH zivarAmendra sarasvatI kA kAla sAmAnyarUpa se 20 saM0 1675-1750 ke madhya mAnA jA sakatA hai| AphekTa ne apane hastalekhoM ke bRhatsUcopatra meM zivarAmendra sarasvatI kRta siddhAntakaumudI kI ratnAkara TokA kA ullekha kiyA hai| jammU ke raghunAtha mandira ke pustakAlaya meM zivarAmendra yati viracita 'NeraNA 1. dra0. navAhnika, nirNayasAgara saMska0 2, pRSTha 165, kAlama 2 Ti. 16 'mahAbhASyapradIpavyAkhyAnAni' ke sampAdaka ne upodghAta, pRSTha XIX(19) para Ti0 saMkhyA 4 meM isa pATha kA nirdeza nirNayasAgarIya saMska0 pRSThaH 218 likhA hai / yaha pATha pRSTha 195 para hai| 2. navAhnika mahA0 nirNaya0 saM0 2, pRSTha 144, kAlama 2 / / 3. navAhnika, nirNaya0 saM0 2, pRSTha 144 kAlama 2, Ti. 10 / yaha dippaNI pRSTha 145 kAlama 1 para samApta huI hai|

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57 mahAbhASya ke TIkAkAra 446 vitisUtrasya vyAkhyAnama' nAma kA eka grantha hai dra0-sUcIpatra pRSTha 41 / sUcIpatra ke sampAdaka sTAIna ne isa para TippaNI dI hai'sampUrNam / viracanakAla saM0 1701 / isa pustaka kA racayitA zivarAmendra yati / 15. prayAgaveGkaTAdri prayAgaveGkaTAdri nAma ke paNDita ne mahAbhASya para 'vidvanmukhabhUSaNa' nAmnI TippaNI likhI hai| isakA eka hastalekha 'madrAsa rAjakIya pustakAlaya' ke sUcIpatra bhAga 2, khaNDa 1C, pRSTha 2347, granthAGka 1651 para nidiSTa hai / isakA dUsarA hastalekha aDiyAra ke pustakAlaya meM hai| usake sUcIpatra khaNDa 2 pRSTha 74 para grantha kA nAma 'vidva 10 nmukhamaNDana' likhA hai / bhUSaNa aura maNDana paryAyavAcI haiN| . granthakAra kA deza-kAla Adi ajJAta hai| .. 16. kumAratAtaya (17vIM zatI zi0) kumAratAtaya ne mahAbhASya kI koI TIkA likhI thI, aisA usake 15 'pArijAta nATaka" se dhvanita hotA hai / yaha kumAratAtaya veGkaTArya kA putra, aura kAMcI kA rahane vAlA thaa| granthakAra 'pArijAta nATaka' ke prArambha meM apanA paricaya dete hue likhatA hai| vyAkhyAtA phaNirATakaNAdakapilazrIbhASyakArAdi granthAnAM punarIdRzAM ca karaNe khyAtaH kRtInAmasau / phaNirAT zabda se pataJjali kA hI grahaNa hotA hai / atA pratIta hotA hai ki kumAratAtaya ne mahAbhASya kI vyAkhyA avazya likhI thii| isakA anyatra ullekha hamArI dRSTi meM nahIM aayaa| kumAratAtaya kA kAla kucha vidvAn vikrama kI 17vIM zatI mAnate haiN| . . 17-satyapriya tIrtha svAmI (saM0 1794-1801 vi0) / uttaramaThAdhIza satyapriya tIrtha ne mahAbhASya para eka vivaraNa 1. madrAsa rA0 10 pu0 sUcIpatra bhAga 2, khaNDa 1 C, granthAGka 1672, . pRSTha 2376 /

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450 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa likhA thA / isakA lekhana kAla saM0 1794 - 9801 hai / isakA hastalekha vidyamAna hai / yaha sUcanA hamAre prabhinna- hRdaya suhRd bandhu zrI padmanAbharAva (AtmakUra-grAMdhra) ne 10/11/63 I0 ke patra meM dI hai / isa patra meM aneka lekhakoM kA nirdeza hone se hama ise tRtIya bhAga meM chApa rahe haiM vahAM dekheM / 5 18. rAjana siMha prAcArya rAjasiMha kRta 'zabdabRhato' nAmnI mahAbhASya-vyAkhyA kA eka hastalekha 'maisUra ke rAjakIya pustakAlaya' meM vidyamAna hai / 10 dekho - sUcIpatra pRSTha 322 / isake viSaya meM hama kucha nahIM jAnate / 19. nArAyaNa nArAyaNaviracita 'mahAbhASyavivaraNa' kA eka hastalekha 'nayapAla 15 darabAra ke pustakAlaya' meM surakSita hai / dekho - sUcIpatra bhAga 2, pRSTha 211 / kisI nArAyaNa ne mahAbhASyapradIpa para eka vivaraNa likhA hai / isa vivaraNa kA varNana hama agale adhyAya meM kreNge| hamArA vicAra ki hai yaha hastalekha 'mahAbhASya-pradIpa vivaraNa' kA hI hai / 20 20. sarvezvara dIkSita sarvezvara dIkSita viracita 'mahAbhASyasphUrti' nAmnI vyAkhyA eka hastalekha 'maisUra rAjakIya pustakAlaya' ke sUcIpatra pRSTha 319 granthAGga 434 para nirdiSTa hai / praDiyAra ke pustakAlaya ke sUcIpatra 25 meM isakA nAma 'mahAbhASya- pravIpasphUrti' likhA hai / prataH yaha mahAbhASya kI vyAkhyA hai athavA pradIpa kI, yaha sandigdha hai / 30 'maisUra rAjakIya pustakAlaya' kA hastalekha saptama aura aSTama adhyAya kA hai / ataH yaha grantha pUrNa racA gayA thA, yaha nirvivAda hai / isakA racanAkAla ajJAta hai /

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mahAbhASya ke TIkAkAra 451 21. sadAziva (saM0 1723 vi0) sadAziva nAmaka vidvAn ne 'mahAbhASya-gUDhArtha-dIpinI' nAmnI eka vyAkhyA likhI hai / isakA eka hastalekha 'bhaNDArakara prAcyavidyApratiSThAna pUnA' ke saMgraha meM vidyamAna hai| dekho-vyAkaraNaviSayaka sUcopatra naM0 56 / 104/A 1883-84 / paricaya-isake pitA kA nAma nIlakaNTha aura guru kA nAma kamalAkara dIkSita hai / kamalAkara dIkSita ke guru kA nAma dattAtreya hai| kAla-ukta hastalekha ke anta meM nimna zloka milatA haiaGkASTau tithiyuk zAke pravaGge kAtike site / caturdazamite vastre likhitaM bhASyaTippaNam // tadanusAra isakA kAla zaka saM 1586=vi0 saM0 1724 hai / 22. rAghavendrAcArya gajendragaDhakara - ye AcArya sAtArA (mahArASTra) nagara ke rahane vAle the / inhoMne mahAbhASya kI vyAkhyA likhI thI / inakA 'tripathagA' eka 15 prasiddha grantha hai| 23. chalArI narasiMhAcArya inakA nivAsa sthAna godAvarI-tIrastha dharmapurI thaa| ye Andhra pradeza meM utpanna hue the / inhoMne 'zAbdika-kaNThamaNi' nAmaka mahA- 20 bhASya kI TIkA likhI thI / inakA kAla 17vIM zatI vi0 kA uttarArdha thaa|' 1. inakA nirdeza zrI paM0 padmanAbha rAvajI ne 1011111963 I. ke patra meM kiyA hai / isa adhyAya meM pRSTha 450 tathA agale adhyAya kI TippaNiyoM 25 meM mitravara zrI paM0 padmanAbha rAva jI ke 10-11-1963 ke jisa patra kA para-bAra ullekha kiyA hai, use tRtIya bhAga meM dekheN|

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452 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 24. ajJAtakartRka _ 'madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha pustakAlaya' ke sUcIpatra bhAga 5, khaNDa 18 pRSTha 6466, granthAGka 4436 para 'mahAbhASyavyAkhyA' kA eka hastalekha nirdiSTa hai / granthakartA kA nAma aura kAla ajJAta hai / usa 5 meM eka sthAna para nimna pATha upalabdha hotA hai 'spaSTaM cedaM sarva bhASya iti bhASyapradIpodyotane niruupitmityaahuH|' yaha 'bhASyapradIpodyotana' annambhaTTa-viracita hai / ataH sakA kAla 16vIM zatI kA pUrvArdha honA cAhie / annambhaTTaviracita pradIpodyotana kA varNana hama agale adhyAya meM kareMge / granthakAra kA nAma jJAta na 10 hone se hamane ise anta meM rakhA hai| hamane isa adhyAya meM mahAbhASya ke 24 TIkAkAroM kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| agale adhyAya meM kaiyaTakRta 'mahAbhASyapradIpa' ke vyAkhyAkAroM kA varNana hogaa|

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bArahavAM adhyAya mahAbhASyapradIpa ke vyAkhyAkAra mahAbhASya kI mahAmahopAdhyAya kaiyaTa viracita 'pradIpa' nAmnI vyAkhyA kA varNana hama pichale adhyAya meM kara cuke haiN| yaha 'mahAbhASyapradIpa' vaiyAkaraNa vAGamaya meM vizeSa mahattva rakhatA hai| isalie 5 aneka vidvAnoM ne mahAbhASya kI vyAkhyA na karake mahAbhASyapradIpa kI vyAkhyAeM racI haiM / ina meM se rAmacandra sarasvatI kRta (laghu) vivaraNa, IzvarAnanda sarasvatI kRta (bahad) vivaraNa, annambhaTTa kRta udyotana, nArAyaNa zAstrI kRta pradIpavivaraNa (adhyAya 3-6 taka), dharmayajvA ke ziSya nArAyaNa kRta pradIpavyAkhyA, tathA zivarAmendra sarasvatI kRta 10 siddhAntaratnaprakAza (jo kaiyaTa kI vyAkhyA nahIM hai, sIdhe bhASya kI vyAkhyA hai) sahita'mahAbhASyapradIpavyAkhyAnAni' ke nAma se pANDicerI sthita 'INSTITUT FRANCHAIS D' INDOLOGIE' saMsthAna prakAzita kara rahA hai / 9-10 bhAga chapa cuke haiM / pradIpa kI jo vyAkhyAyeM isa samaya upalabdha(vA jJAta haiM, unakA 15 varNana hama isa madhyAya meM kareMge 1. cintAmaNi (1500-1550 vi0 ?) cintAmaNi nAma ke kisI vaiyAkaraNa ne mahAbhASyapradIpa kI eka saMkSipta vyAkhyA likhI hai| isakA nAma hai-'mhaabhaassykaiyttprkaash'| isakA eka hastalekha bIkAnera ke 'anUpa saMskRta pustakAlaya' meM vidya- 20 mAna hai / usakA granthAGka 5773 hai / yaha hastalekha Adi aura anta meM khaNDita hai| isakA prArambha 'mukhanAsikAvacano'nunAsikaH' (1 / 1 / 8) se hotA hai, aura 'pracaH parasmin (1 / 1157) para samApta hotA hai| paricaya 'mahAbhASyakaiyaTaprakAza' ke pratyeka prAhnika ke anta meM nimna prakAra pATha milatA hai

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454 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa iti zrImadgaNezAMghrismaraNAdAptasanmatiH / gUDhaM prakAzayaccintAmaNizcaturtha prAhnike // cintAmaNi nAma ke aneka vidvAn ho cuke haiM / ataH yaha grantha kisa cintAmaNi kA racA hai, yaha ajJAta hai| eka cintAmaNi zeSa 5 nRsiMha kA putra aura prasiddha vaiyAkaraNa zeSa kRSNa kA sahodara bhrAtA hai| zeSa kRSNa kA vaMza vyAkaraNazAstra kI pravINatA ke lie atyanta prasiddha rahA hai| zeSavaMza ke aneka vyaktiyoM ne mahAbhASya tathA mahAbhASyapradIpa para vyAkhyAyeM likhI haiN| pratA sambhava hai ki isa TIkA kA racayitA cintAmaNi zeSa kRSNa kA sahodara zeSa cintAmaNi ho| yadi hamArA anumAna Thoka ho to isa kA kAla saMvat 1500-1550 ke madhya honA caahie| kyoMki zeSa kRSNa ke putra rAmezvara aparanAma vIrezvara se prakriyAkomudo ke TokAkAra viTThala ne vyAkaraNazAstra kA adhyayana kiyA thaa| viThThala kRta prakriyAkaumudI kI 'prasAda' TIkA kA saM0 1536 kA likhA eka hastalekha iNDiyA mAphisa landana ke 15 saMgrahAlaya meM vidyamAna haiM / usa ke anta kA lekha isa prakAra hai saM0 1536 varSe mAghavadi ekAdazI ravau zrImadAnandapura sthAnottame prAbhyantara nagara jAtIya paNDita anantasuta paNDitanArAyaNAdInAM paThanArtha kuThArI vyavagahitasutena vizva rUpeNa likhitam / ' ___ yaha to pratilipi hai| viTThala ne prakriyAkaumudI kI racanA saM0 20 1536 se pUrva kI hogii| 2. mallaya yajvA (saM0 15251 vi0 ke lagabhaga) ; mallaya yajvA ne kayaTaviracita mahAbhASyapradIpa para eka TippaNI likhI thii| isa kI sUcanA mallaya yajvA ke putra tirumala yajvA ne 25 apanI darzapaurNamAsamantrabhASya' ke prArambha meM dI hai| usakA lekha isa prakAra hai___caturdazasu vidyAsu vallabhaM pitaraM gurum / vande kUSmANDadAtAraM mallayayajvAnamanvaham / / 1. iNDiyA Aphisa landana ke pustakAlaya kA sUcIpatra,bhAga 2, pRSTha 30 167, granthAGka 616 /

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mahAbhASyapradIpa ke vyAkhyAkAra 455 pitAmahastu yasyedaM mantrabhASyaM cakAra ca / zrIkRSNAbhyudayaM kAvyamanuvAdaM gurormate // yatpitrA tu kRtA TIkA maNyAlokasya dhiimtaa| tathA tattvavivekasya kaiyaTasyApi TippaNI // ' dekho-'madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha pustakAlaya' kA sUcIpatra bhAga 5 2, khaNDa 1 C, pRSTha 2362, granthAGka 1664 / mallaya yajvA ke putra tirumala yajvA ne mahAbhASya kI vyAkhyA likhI thii| isakA varNana hama pichale adhyAya meM pRSTha 443 para kara cuke haiM / yadi hamArA anumAna ki yaha 'tirumala yajvA annambhaTTa kA kA pitA hai' yukta ho to mallaya yajvA kA kAla saM0 1525 vi0 ke 10 lagabhaga hogaa| 3. rAmacandra sarasvatI (saM0 1525-1600 vi0) rAmacandra sarasvatI ne mahAbhASya para 'vivaraNa' nAmnI laghu vyAkhyA likhI haiM / yadyapi hastalekhoM kI antima paDiktayoM meM kevala 15 vivaraNa nAma kA hI ullekha milatA hai, tathApi IzvarAnanda sarasvatI viracita 'vivaraNa' kI apekSA isa vivaraNa ke laghukAya hone se isake uddhartA donoM vivaraNoM meM bheda darzAne ke lie laghuvivaraNa zabda kA aura IzvarAnanda sarasvatI viracita vivaraNa ke bRhatkAya hone se bRhadvivaraNa zabda kA prayoga karate haiM / hama bhI isa prakaraNa meM donoM 20 vivaraNoM meM bheda darzAne ke lie laghu aura bRhada zabda kA prayoga kreNge| __isa vivaraNa kA eka hastalekha madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha pustakAlaya ke sUcIpatra bhAga 4, khaNDa 1C, pRSTha 5731, granthAGka 3867 para nirdiSTa hai / dUsarA hastalekha maisUra rAjakIya pustakAlaya ke sUcI- 25 patra, pRSTha 319 para ullikhita hai| rAmacandra sarasvatI viracita laghuvivaraNa 'mahAbhASyapradIpavyAkhyA1. kayaTalaghuvivaraNakAkAro'pyevam / bRhvivrnnkaarstu.....| zabdakaustubham, 'acaH parasmin' 1 / 1157 sUtra, pRSTha 260

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456 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa nAni' ke antargata phreMca bhAratIya kalAsaMkAya pANDiceri se chapa rahA hai| isa ke 6-10 bhAga chapa cuke haiM / __ AphekTa ne rAmacandra kA dUsarA nAma satyAnanda likhA hai| yadi yaha. ThIka ho to rAmacandra sarasvatI IzvarAnanda sarasvatI kA guru hogA / 5 IzrAnanda viracita 'mahAbhASyapradIpavivaraNa' kA eka hastalekha jammU ke raghunAtha mandira ke pustakAlaya meM vidyamAna hai / usa ke sUcIpatra ke pRSTha 44 para isakA lekhana kAla saM0 1603 aGkita hai| isI prasaMga meM sUcIpatra ke nirmAtA ema0 e0 sTAIna ne TippaNI dI hai rAmacandrasarasvatItyapi kartRrnAma dRSTam / 10 laghu aura bRhad vivaraNoM ke lekhakoM ke nAmoM meM hastalekhoM meM vaimatyasA upalabdha hotA hai / ataH usa para vicAra kiyA jAtA hai kartR nAma-vicAra-phreJcabhAratIya kalA vimarzAlaya (INSTITUT FRANCHAIS D' INDOLOGIE) pANDacerI kI ora se kaiyaTa viracita. pradIpa kI samasta upalabdha adya yAvat amudrita athavA 15 svalpa mudrita vyAkhyAoM kA prakAzana san 1973 ho rahA haiM / abhI taka (san 1853)isa ke 6 bhAga chapa cuke hai / isa ke sampAdaka ema0 e0 narasiMhAcArya ne prathamabhAga ke upoddhAta meM laghavivaraNa aura vRhavivaraNa ke racayitAoM ke nAmoM ke sambandha meM likhA hai "laghuvivaraNa kI prApta Da-Dha-Na saMketita tInoM mAtRkAnoM meM se 20 prathama aura dvitIya mAtRkAoM ke sAtoM AhnikoM ke anta meM 'iti zrImatparamahaMsaparivrAjakAcAryazrIrAmacandrasarasvatIzrIcaraNaviracitebhAdhyapradIpavivaraNe......' likhA hai / tRtIya mAtRkA meM tRtIya Ahnika se saptamaprAhnika paryanta kartA ke nAma kA nirdeza nahIM hai / aSTama pAhnika ke anta meM iti zrIrAmacandrasarasvatIzrIcaraNakRte mahAbhASyapradIpavivaraNe........' lekha milatA hai / navama Ahnika ke anta meM 'iti zrImatparamahaMsaparivrAjakAcAryazrImadamarezvarabhAratIziSyarAmacandrasarasvatIzvarAnandAparanAmadheyaviracitamahAbhASyapradIpa vivaraNe ....' nirdeza upalabdha hotA hai| bRdavivaraNa kI prApta ca-cha-ja-jha-a-Ta, saMketita cha mAtRkAnoM meM 30 kRrtRnAma kA nirdeza bhinna-bhinna prakAra se dekhA jAtA hai| chahoM mAta kAoM meM prathama Ahnika ke anta meM 'satyAnandaziSyezvarAnandaviracita

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58 mahAbhASyapradIpa ke vyAkhyAkAra 457 samAna rUpa se milatA hai| dvitIya Ahnika ke anta meM prathama (ca) mAtRkA ko chor3a kara anyoM meM pUrvavat hI ullekha milata hai / tRtIya Ahnika ke anta meM ca-cha-Ta saMketita mAtRkAmoM meM 'zrIrAmacandrasarasvatIviracite' upalabdha hotA hai| caturtha Ahnika kI upalabdha ca-cha-jha Ja Ta saMjJaka pAMcoM mAtRkAnoM meM tathA paJcama pAhnika kI 5 upalabdha cAra mAtRkAnoM meM Ahnika ke anta meM nAma kA nirdeza nahIM hai| ca-cha-tra saMketita tIna mAtRkAoM meM SaSTha Ahnika ke anta meM 'zrIrAmacandrasarasvatIviracite' nirdeza milatA hai / saptama aSTama Ahnika kI cAroM mAtRkAoM meM lekhaka kA nAma nahIM hai| navama Ahnika ke anta meM ca-cha mAtRkAoM meM lekhaka ke nAma kA nirdeza 10 nahIM hai / Ja saMketita mAtRkA meM 'satyAnandaziSyezvarAnandaviracite' lekha upalabdha hotA hai| Ta mAtRkA meM 'zrIrAmacandrasarasvatIviracite' aisA hI nirdeza milatA hai|" isakA sAra isa prakAra hai laghuvivaraNa ke racayitA kA nAma kahIM 'rAmacandra sarasvatI' 15 likhA hai to kahIM 'amarezvarabhArato-ziSya rAmacandrasarasvatI apara nAma IzvarAnanda' upalabdha hotA hai| bRhavivaraNa ke kartA kA nAma kahIM 'satyAnandaziSya IzvarAnanda' likhA hai to kahIM 'raamcndrsrsvtii'| nAmasAMkarya meM sampAdaka kA vicAra-'acaH parasmin pUrvavidhau' 20 (111157) sUtra ke zabdakaustubha meM laghuvivaraNakAra aura bRhadvivaraNakAra ke bhinna-bhinna matoM kA ullekha' hone se ina donoM granthoM kA bhinna kartRtva svarasataH pratIta hotA hai| hastalekhoM meM vidyamAna nAma-sAMkarya ke nimna samAdhAna prastuta kiye haiM 1. mahAbhASyapradIpa vyAkhyAnAni, upodghAta, prathama bhAga, pRSTha Xv 25 (15) / antaraGgaparibhASAyA nirapavAdatvAd prasiddhaparibhASAstu nAjAnantarye iti sApavAdatvAd ubhayoravakAzavato vipratiSedhasUtrasthaM bhASyaM tvamyuccayaparameveti bhAgavRttikArAH, kaiyaTalaghuvivaraNakArAdayo'pyevam / vRddhavivaraNakArastunAjAnantarya iti paribhASA mAstu. tajjJApakatAyA yatsaMmataM tenAsiddhaparibhASAyA anityatvameva jJApyate / zabdakaustubha 111157, 260 /

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458 saMskRta vyAkaraNa kA itihAsa 1. bRhadvivaraNa IzvarAnandakartRka hai, kvacit hastalekhoM meM rAmacandra sarasvatI ke nAma kA lekhana pramAda kRta hai| 2. laghuvivaraNa ke kartA kA pradhAna nAma rAmacandra hai, IzvarAnanda upanAma hai / yaha amarezvara bhAratI kA ziSya hai| bRhadvivaraNa ke 5 kartA kA pradhAna nAma IzvarAnanda hai aura rAmacandra sarasvatI upanAma hai| yaha satyAnanda kA ziSya hai|' hamArA vicAra hai ki yadi rAmacandrasarasvatI kA hI satyAnandanAmAntara svIkAra kara liyA jAe (jaisA ki AphekTa kA mata hai) aura guru ziSya donoM ne mila kara donoM vivaraNa likhe, aisA mAna 1. liyA jAye to nAmasAMkarya kA doSa nahIM rahatA aura mata-bheda bhI upa labdha ho sakatA hai / skanda ke nAma se prasiddha nirukta TokA skanda aura usa ke ziSya mahezvara ne milakara likhI thii| ataH usa TIkA meM bhI skanda aura mahezvara ke nAmoM kA sAMkarya dekhA jAtA hai / itanA hI nahIM, nighaNTu vyAkhyAkAra devarAja yajvA to isa TIkA ke sabhI 15 uddharaNa skanda ke nAma se hI uddhRta karatA hai| vastutaH yaha eka aisI samasyA hai, jisakA yathocita hala nikAlanA duSkara avazya hai| guru-pANDiceri se prakAzita rAmacandrasarasvatIviracita laghuvivaraNa ke prathamAdhyAya ke prathama pAda ke navama Ahnika ke anta meM pATha upalabdha hotA haiM iti paramahaMsaparivrAjakAcAryazrImadamarezvarabhAratIziSyarAmacandrasarasvatIzvarAnandAparanAmadheyaviracitemahAbhASyavivaraNeprathamAdhyAyasya prathame pAde navamamAhnika samAptam / isa lekha se vidita hotA hai ki rAmacandra sarasvatI ke guru kA 25 nAma amarezvara bhAratI thaa| tathA IzvarAnandAparanAmadheya pATha ke sthAna meM satyAnandAparanAmadheya pATha honA cAhiye / ho sakatA hai yahAM lekhaka bhrAnti se pATha bhraSTa huA ho / rAmacandrasarasvatI kA apara nAma satyAnandasarasvatI thA, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiN| . . .. kAla-bhaTToji dIkSita ne zabdakaustubha 1 / 1 / 57 meM kaiyaTalaghu 1. mahAbhASyapradIpavyAkhyAnAni, bhAga 1, upodghAta pRSTha XVI(16) /

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mahAbhASyapradIpa kevyAkhyAkAra 456 vivaraNa kA ullekha kiyA hai aura isake sAtha hI bRhavivaraNa kA bhI nirdeza kiyA hai / isa se vidita hotA hai ki rAmacandrasarasvatI aura IzvarAnnadasarasvatI donoM kA kAla saM0 1525-1600 taka rahA hogaa| bhaTToji dIkSita ke kAla para vizeSa vicAra 'aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra' prakaraNa meM Age kiyA jaayegaa| 4. IzvarAnanda sarasvatI (saM0 1550-1600 vi0) IzvarAnanda ne kaiyaTa granya para 'mahAbhASyapradIpavivaraNa' nAmnI bRhatI TIkA likhI haiM / granthakAra apane guru kA nAma satyAnanda sarasvatI likhatA hai / aAphekTa ke matAnusAra satyAnanda rAmacandra kA hI 10 nAmAntara hai| isake do hastalekha 'madrAsa rAjakIya pustakAlaya meM vidyamAna haiM / dekho-sUcIpatra bhAga 4, khaNDa 1C. pRSTha 5726, 5780, granthAGka 3866, 3864 / eka hastalekha 'jammU ke raghunAtha mandira ke pustakAlaya' meM hai| 'bhaNDArakara pracyavidyA pratiSThAna pUnA' meM bhI isake do hastalekha haiM / dekho-vyAkaraNavibhAgIya hastalekha 15 sUcIpatra naM. 57 / 37/A 1872-73; naM0 58 / 184/A 188283 / IzvarAnanda sarasvatI ke sambandha meM rAmacandra sarasvatI ke prasaMga meM likha cuke haiN| IzvarAnanda kRta mahAbhASyapradIpavivaraNa 'mahAbhASyapradIpavyA- 20 khyAnAni' ke antargata pANDiceri se prakAzita ho rahA hai / 6-10 bhAga chapa cuke haiN| kAla-jammU ke hastalekha ke anta meM lekhanakAla 1603 likhA hai| isase nizcita hai ki IzvarAnanda kA kAla saM0 1603 vi0 se parva hai| bhaTroji dIkSita ne zabdakaustubha 1 / 1 / 57 meM 'kaiyaTabRha- 25 dvivaraNa ko uddhRta kiyA hai / prt| isa kA kAla saM0 155016.. vi0 taka mAnanA yukta haiM /

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa annammaTTa (saM0 1550-1600 vi0) annambhaTTa ne pradIpa kI 'pradIpodyotena' nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai| 'mahAbhASyapradIpodyotana' ke hastalekha madrAsa aura aDiyAra ke pusta kAlayoM meM vidyamAna haiM / isa kA prathamAdhyAya kA prathama pAda do bhAgoM 5 meM madrAsa se chapa cukA hai| pANDiceri se prakAzyamANa 'mahAbhASyavyAkhyAnAni' meM 6 adhyAya taka chapa cukA hai| paricaya annambhaTTa ke pitA kA nAma advaitavidyAcArya tirumala thaa| rAghava somayAjI ke vaMza meM isakA janma huA thaa| yaha tailaGga deza kA rahane 10 vAlA thaa| annambhaTTa ne kAzI meM jAkara vidyAdhyayana kiyA thA / isakI sUcanA 'kAzI gamanamAtreNa nAnnabhaTTAyate dvijaH' lokokti se milatI hai| sAtha hI annambhaTTa ko vidvattA kA bhI bodha isa lokokti se hotA hai| vaMza-annambhaTTa ke 'pradIpodyotana' ke pratyeka Ahnika ke anta meM 15 nimna pATha upalabdha hotA hai 'iti zrImahAmahopAdhyAyAdvaitavidyAcAryarAghavasomayAjikulAvataMsazrItirumalAcAryasya sUnorannambhaTTasya kRtau mahAbhASyapradIpodyane / ' isa se vidita hotA hai ki annambhaTTa rAghava somayAjI kula kA thA aura pitA kA nAma 'tirumalAcArya thA / kAla-annambhaTTa kA guru zeSa vIrezvara aparanAma rAmezvara thA / ataH annambhaTTa kA kAla vikrama kI 16 zatI kA uttarArdha hogaa| .. guru-pradIpodyotana ke prArambha meM eka zloka hai zrIzeSavIrezvarapaNDitendraM zeSAyitaM zeSavaco vishesse| sarveSu tantreSu ca kartRtulyaM vande mahAbhASyaguruM mamAgrayam / / 25 isa se vidita hotA hai ki annambhaTTa ne zeSa vIrezvara se mahAbhASya kA adhyayana kiyA thA / annambhaTTa ne vRddhirAdaic (1 / 111) ke pradIpodyotana meM IzvarAnanda viracita vivaraNa kA pATha uddhRta kiyA 1. 'samudAyAvayavasannidhau (kva dviyatAtparyamiti vakSyamANavicArAsaMgatezca

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mahAbhASyapradIpa ke vyAkhyAkAra eka tirumala yajvA kRta mahAbhASya kI 'anupadA' nAmnI vyAkhyA kA hama pUrva (pRSTha 443) nirdeza kara cuke haiM / vaha bhI rAghava somayAjI kula hai| usake pitA kA nAma mallaya yajvA hai / yadi donoM tirumala yajvA aura tirumalAcArya eka hI vyakti hoM to annaMbhaTa ke pitAmaha kA nAma mallaya yajvA hogaa| yaha saMbhAvanAmAtra hai / eka kula 5 meM samAna nAmavAle aneka vyakti ho sakate haiN| usa para bhI dakSiNa dezastha paripATI ke anusAra pitAmaha kA jo nAma hotA hai, pautra kA bhI vahI nAma prAyaH rakhA jAtA hai| kucha prasiddha grantha-annambhaTTa viracita bahuta se grantha upalabdha hote haiN| una meM mImAMsAnyAyasudhA kI rANakojjIvanI TokA, brahma- 10 sUtra kI vyAkhyA, aSTAdhyAyI mitAkSarA vRtti, maNyAloka kI siddhAntAjana TIkA aura tarkasaMgraha Adi grantha prasiddha haiM / aSTAdhyAyI kI vRtti kA nAma 'pANinIya mitAkSarA' haiM / isa kA varNana 'aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra' prakaraNa meM kiyA jaaygaa| __annambhaTTa ne 'pANinIya mitAkSarA' kI racanA 'pradIpodyotana' se 15 pUrva kI thii| dra0-'mahAbhASyapradIpavyAkhyAnAni' bhAga 1, kA sampAdakIya upodghAta, pRSTha XVII (17) / isakA vizeSa ullekha Age yathAsthAna kreNge| 6. nArAyaNa (saM0 1654 se pUrva) kisI nArAyaNa nAmA vidvAn ne mahAbhASya kI 'pradIpa' vyAkhyA para vivaraNa nAma se vyAkhyA likhI hai| isa vivaraNa ke hastalekha kaI pustakAlayoM meM vidyamAna haiM / dekho-madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha sUcIpatra, bhAga 4, khaNDa 1 A, pRSTha 4302, granthAGka 2666; kalakattA saMskRta kAleja pustakAlaya sUcIpatra, bhAga 8, granthAGka 74; lAhaura 25 DI0 e0 vI0 kAleja lAlacanda pustakAlaya (samprati-vizvezvarAnanda zodha-saMsthAna, hoziyArapura), saMkhyA 3816, sUcIpatra bhAga 1, pRSTha tvameva samyagiti vivaraNakRtaH' dra0-pradIpavyAkhyAnAni, bhAga 1, pRSTha 228, paM04-5 / annambhaTTa dvArA uddhRta yaha paMkti IzvarAnandakRta vivaraNa meM isI bhAga ke pRSTha 205, paM0 20-21 para milatI hai|

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462 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 66 tathA bhaNDArakara prAcyavidyA pratiSThAna (oriyaNTala risarca iMsTITyaTa) pUnA ke vyAkaraNavibhAgIya sUcIpatra, naM 55, 84/A 288680/ tathA naM0 56, 487/1984-1887 / paricaya-'mahAbhASyapradIpavyAkhyAnAni' ke sampAdaka ema. esa. 5 narasiMhAcArya ne bhAga 6 meM upodghAtAntargata 'gha' saMketita hastalekha ke vivaraNa meM likhA hai' 'hoziyArapura vizvezvarAnanda vaidika zodha saMsthAna se prApta nArAyaNIya vivaraNa tAr3apatra para likhita hai| usake anta meM kucha zloka haiN| tadanusAra nArAyaNa keraladezIya agrahAra kA nivAsI R. gvedI sAGgavedAdhyAyo brAhmaNa thaa| isa ke pitA kA nAma 'devazarmA' aura mAtA kA nAma 'AryA' thaa| isa ne samagra vyAkaraNa kA adhyayana karake bahubAra ziSyoM ko vyAkaraNazAstra par3hAyA thaa| kAla-bhaNDArakara pracyavidyA pratiSThAna ke saMgraha meM vidyamAna saMkhyA 55, 84/A 1876-80 saMketita hastalekha ke anta meM nimna 15 pATha milatA hai iti nArAyaNIye zrImanmahAbhASye pradIpavivaraNe aSTamAdhyAyasya caturthe pAde prathamAhnikam, pAdazcAdhyAyazca samAptaH / zubhaM bhavatu / saM0 1654 samaye zrAvana vadi 4 caturthI vAra budhavAre / likhitaM mAdhava brAhmaNa vidyArthI kAzIvAsI // zrI vizvanAtha // ' ___ isa lekha se yaha spaSTa hai ki isa pradIpavivaraNakAra nArAyaNa kA kAla saM0 1654 se pUrvavartI hai, kyoMki saM0 1654 kAla mAdhava vidyArthI dvArA pratilipi karane kA hai / nArAyaNa ne grantha kA lekhana saM0 1654 se pUrva kiyA hogaa| prakRta nArANIya pradopavivaraNa kA nAgeza bhaTTa ne pradIpodyota meM 25 nAma nirdeza ke vinA bahutra ullekha kiyA hai| una sthAnoM para pradI podyota-chAyA ke racayitA pAyaguNDa ne 'vivaraNakRnnArAyaNAdibhiH' ke rUpa meM nirdeza kiyA hai / yathA-navAhnika, nirNayasAgara saM0 2, pRSTha 181, kAlama 2, Ti017 pRSTha 187, kAlama 2, Ti. 11 kA anta / 1. amalA paricaya saMskRta meM likhe gaye vivaraNa ke pradhAra para likhA gayA hai|

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mahAbhASyapradIpa ke vyAkhyAkAra 463 vizeSa grantha kA uddharaNa-nArAyaNa ne pRSodarAdIni yathopadiSTam (a0 6 / 3 / 106) sUtra ke pradIpavivaraNa meM nirukta 1120 kA sAkSAtkRtadharmANa RSayo babhUvuH Adi pATha uddhRta karake likhA haitathA ca vyAkhyAtam prathamA pratibhAnena dvitiiyaastuupdeshtH| abhyAsena tRtIyAstu vedArthAn pratipedire // iti yaha nirukta kA vyAkhyAna keraladezIya nIlakaNTha gArya viracita niruktazlokavAtika (1 / 6 / 198-196) se uddhRta kiyA hai / donoM ke samAnadezIya hone se isa niruktavyAkhyAna kA uddhRta honA svAbhAvika hai / niruktazlokavAtikakAra kA kAla nyUnAtinyUna vikrama kI 14vI 10 zatAbdI hai / yaha grantha rAmalAla kapUra TrasTa dvArA chapa cukA hai| pAzcarya-'mahAbhASyapradIpavyAkhyAnAni' ke sampAdaka ne nArAyaNIya pradIpavivaraNa kA mudraNa a0 3 se prArambha kiyA hai / sampAdaka ne hamAre dvArA saMketita 4 sthAnoM ke hastalekhoM meM se kevala hoziyArapurIya vizvezvarAnanda zodha saMsthAna meM vidyamAna hastalekha ko 15 chor3a kara anya kinhIM hastalekhoM kA upayoga nahIM kiyA hai| bhaNDArakara prAcyavidyA zodha pratiSThAna kA saMkhyA 54 kA hastalekha to a0 3 se a0 8 paryanta (bIca meM kahIM-kahIM truTita) kA hone se una ke liye bahuta upayogI thaa| 7-rAmasevaka (saM0 1650-1700 vi0 rAmasevaka nAma ke kisI vidvAn ne 'mahAbhASyapradIpavyAkhyA' kI racanA kI thii| isakA eka hastalekha aDiyAra (madrAsa) ke pustakAlaya meM haiM / dekho-sUcIpatra bhAga 2, pRSTha 73 // paricaya-rAmasevaka ke pitA kA nAma devIdatta thA / rAmasevaka ke putra kRSNamitra ne bhaTToji dIkSita viracita 'zabdakaustubha' kI 25 'bhAvapradIpa' aura 'siddhAntakaumudI' kI 'ratnArNava' nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai / (ina kA varNana Age yathAsthAna kiyA jAyegA) / isa se sambhava hai rAmasevaka kA kAla saM0 1650-1700 ke madhya rahA ho / 30 8. nArAyaNazAstrI (saM0 1710-1730 vi0) nArAyaNa zAstrIkRta 'mahAbhASyapradIpavyAkhyA' kA nirdeza prAphekTa

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464 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ke bRhat sUcIpatra bhAga 2, pRSTha 65 para milatA hai| isakA eka hastalekha 'madrAsa ke rAjakIya pustakAlaya' meM vidyamAna hai| dekhosUcIpatra bhAga 1, khaNDa 1 A, pRSTha 57, granthAGka: / isa nArAyaNIya pradIpavyAkhyA ke prArambha ke do adhyAya pANDiceri se mudrayamANa 'mahAbhASyapradIpavyAkhyAnAni' ke 1-5 bhAgoM meM chapa gaye haiN| vaMza-nArAyaNa zAstrI ke mAtA-pitA kA nAma ajAta hai| isakI eka kanyA thI, usakA vivAha nallA dokSita ke putra nArAyaNa dIkSita ke sAtha huA thaa| isakA putra raGganAtha yajvA thaa| isane haradatta-viracita 'padamaJjarI' kI vyAkhyA racI tho| guru-nArAyaNa zAstrI kRta 'pradIpavyAkhyA' kA jo hastalekha 'madrAsa ke rAjakIya pustakAlaya' meM vidyamAna hai, usake prathamAdhyAya ke prathama pAda ke anta meM nimna lekha hai 'iti zrImahAmahopAdhyAyadharmarAjayajvaziSyazAstrinArAyaNakRtau kaiyaTavyAkhyAyAM prathamAdhyAye prathame pAde prathamAhnikam / ' 15 yaha dharmarAja yajvA kauNDinya gotraja nallA dIkSita kA bhAI aura nArAyaNa dIkSita kA putra hai| yajvA vA dIkSita vaMza ke aneka vyaktiyoM ne vyAkaraNa ke kaI grantha likhe haiM / ataH isa vaMza ke kaI vyaktiyoM kA ullekha isa itihAsa meM hogaa| ataH hama aneka granthoM ke AdhAra para isa vaMza kA citra nIce dete haiN| vaha unake kAla-jJAna 20 meM sahAyaka hogA trivedI nArAyaNa dIkSita nArAyaNa zAstrI nallA dIkSita dharmarAja yajvA kanyA + nArAyaNa dIkSita yajJarAma dIkSita cokkA dIkSita' raMganAtha yajvA / kanyA rAmabhadra makhI+kanyA . vAmanAcArya vaidyanAtha vAmanAcArya vaidyanAtha varadarAja kRSNagopAla (isa pRSTha kI TippaNiyAM mAge dekheM)

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mahAbhASyapradIpa ke vyAkhyAkAra 465 kAla nallA dIkSita ke pautra rAmabhadra yajvA ne uNAdivRtti' aura paribhASAvatti' kI vyAkhyA meM apane ko tajaura ke rAjA zAha kA sama: kAlika kahA hai / zAha ke rAjya kA prArambha saM01744 vi0 se mAnA jAtA hai| ataH nArAyaNa zAstrI kA kAla lagabhaga saM0 1700- 5 1760 vi0 mAnanA ucita hogaa| 9. pravartakopAdhyAya (saM0 1650-1730) pravartakodhyAya-viracita 'mahAbhASyapradIpaprakAzikA' ke aneka hastalekha aDiyAra, maisUra aura TveiNDama ke pustakAlayoM meM vidyamAna 10 haiN| kahIM-kahIM isa grantha kA nAma 'mahAbhASyapradIpaprakAza' bhI milatA pravartakopAdhyAya kA kula, deza, kAla Adi ajJAta hai punarapi isa ke kAla para nimna lekhoM se kucha prakAza par3atA hai 1. 'mahAbhASyapradIpavyAkhyAnAni' ke sampAdaka ema. esa. nara- 15 siMhAcArya ne annambhaTTIya udyotana ke prasaMga meM bhAga 2, ke upodghAta ke pRSTha XVII (17) para likhA hai prathamAhnike dvitIyAhnike ca bahuvAsmin udyotane pravartakopAdhyAya kRta pradIpaprakAzAnukaraNaM khaNDanaM ca dRzyate / arthAt annambhaTTIya pradIpodyotana ke prathama aura dvitIyAhnika meM 20 bahuta sthAnoM para pravartakopAdhyAya kRta pradopaprakAza kA anukaraNa aura khaNDana dikhAI par3atA hai| [pichale pRSTha ko zeSa 1-3 TippaNiyAM 1. kuppusvAmI ne rAmabhadra ke zvasura kA nAma nIlakaNTha makhIndra likhA hai| dra0-saM0 kA saMkSipta itihAsa, pRSTha 212 / 2. isa ke pati kA nAma ratnagiri thA / ____3. rAmabhadra kA ziSya zrInivAsa 'svarasiddhAntamaJcarI' (pRSTha 2) kA kartA hai| 1. rAmabhadra yajvA viracita uNAdivatti aura paribhASAvRtti kA varNana dvitIya bhAga meM yathAsthAna Age kiyA jAyegA / 25

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA ititAsa hamArI dRSTi meM pradIpodyotana meM pravartakopAdhyAya kA nAmollekha pUrvaka nirdeza nahIM paayaa| hamAre pAsa pravartakopAdhyAya kA pradIpaprakAza nahIM hai / ataH sampAdaka ne nIce TippaNI meM jina 110, 111, 115, 116 pRSThoM kA saMketa kiyA hai, una se lAbha nahIM uThA sake / isalie 5 hamane pravartakopAdhyAya kA ullekha annambhaTTa se pUrva nahIM kiyaa| 2. vaidyanAtha ne vRddhirAdaic (1 / 1 / 1) sUtra ke bhASya ke amevakAguNAH ke vyAkhyAna meM nAgeza bhaTTa kRta udyota kI vyAkhyA karate hue likhA hai anAdiSUdAttoccAraNAdiyatnavizeSAzrayaNAdeva siddhe tadAnarthakyA10 patterato mUlazaithilyAt kathaM jJApakatetinArAyaNAdayaH / tatkhaNDikA tadAzayapratipAdikAM pravartakoktimAha-e-keti / ' isa lekha se do bAteM siddha hotI haiM-eka pravartakopAdhyAya se vivaraNakRnnArAyaNa pUrva bhAvI hai aura vaha usakI ukti kA khaNDana karatA hai / dUsarA 'ekazrutizca' ityAdi pravartakopAdhyAya kA vacana 15 nAgeza dvArA uddhRta hai| isa se spaSTa hai ki pravartakopAdhyAya vivaraNa kRta nArAyaNa se uttarakAlIna aura nAgeza se pUrva bhAvI hai / isI prakAra vaidyanAtha pAyaguNDa ne anyatra bhI bahutra pravartakopAdhyAya ke nAmollekha pUrvaka uddharaNa diye haiN| ____ hamArI dRSTi meM pravartakopAdhyAya kA nAgeza pUrvabhAvitva spaSTa haiM / ataH hamane ise nAgeza se pUrva rakhA hai / vivaraNa kRta nArAyaNa saM0 1654 se pUrvabhAvI hai aura nAgeza kA kAla saM0 1730-1810 hai / ataH sAmAnya rUpa se pravartakopAdhyAya kA kAla saM0 1650 se 1730 ke madhya mAnA jA sakatA hai| yadi 'mahAbhASyapradIpavyAkhyAnAni' ke 25 sampAdaka narasiMhAcArya kA lekha prAmANika mAnA jAye to pravartako pAdhyAya kA kAla 1550 ke prAsapAsa mAnanA hogaa| usa avasthA meM vivaraNa kRta nArAyaNa bhI annambhaTTa se pUrvavartI hogaa| 1. navAhnika, nirNaya sAgarIya saM0, pRSTha 153, kAlama 2, Ti. 12 /

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mahAbhASyapradIpa ke vyAkhyAkAra 10. nAgeza bhaTTa (saM0 1730 - 1810 vi0 ) nAgeza bhaTTa ne kaiyaTaviracita mahAbhASyapradIpa kI 'udyota' aparanAma 'vivaraNa' nAmnI praur3ha vyAkhyA likhI hai | paricaya 1 vaMza - nAgeza bhaTTa mahArASTrIya brAhmaNa thA / isakA dUsarA nAma nAgoji bhaTTa thA / nAgoji bhaTTa ke pitA kA nAma ziva bhaTTa, aura mAtA kA nAma satIdevI thaa|' 'laghuzabdenduzekhara' ke antima zloka se vidita hotA hai ki nAgeza ke koI saMtAna na thI / ' guru aura ziSya - nAgeza ne bhaTToji dIkSita ke pautra hari dIkSita se vyAkaraNazAstra kA adhyayana kiyA thA / vaidyanAtha pAyaguNDa nAgeza bhaTTa kA pradhAna ziSya thA / nAgezabhaTTa kI guruziSya - paramparA isa prakAra hai rAmAzrama hari dIkSita 467 nAgeza I bAla zarmA vaidyanAtha manudeva pANDitya - nAgeza bhaTTa vyAkaraNa, sAhitya, alaMkAra, dharmazAstra, sAMkhya, yoga, pUrvottara-mImAMsA, aura jyotiSa prAdi aneka viSayoM 10 1. iti zrImadupAdhyAyopanAmaka zivabhaTTa suta satIgarbhajanAgezabhaTTaviracitalaghuzabdenduzekhare ...... / 2. zandenduzekharaH putro maJjUSA caiva kanyakA / svamatI samyagutpAdya zivayorapito mayA // 3. praphrekTa ne ise bhaTToji dIkSita kA putra likhA hai / bRhatsUcIpatra bhAga 1, pRSTha 525 / 4. yaha vaidyanAtha kA putra hai / dekho - etatkRta 'dharmazAstrasaMgraha' kA prArambha / 15

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468 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kA prakANDa paNDita thA / vaiyAkaraNa nikAya meM bhartRhari ke pazcAt yahI eka prAmANika vyakti mAnA jAtA hai| kAzI ke vaiyAkaraNoM meM kiMvadantI hai ki nAgeza bhaTTa ne mahAbhASya kA 18 vAra gurumukha se adhyayana kiyA thaa| Adhunika vaiyAkaraNoM meM nAgeza bhaTTa viracita mahAbhASyapradIpodyota, laghazabdenduzekhara aura paribhASenduzekhara grantha atyanta prAmANika mAne jAte haiN| nAgeza bhaTTa ne mahAbhASyapradIpodyota meM 'laghumaJjUSA aura 'zabdenduzekhara' ko uddhRta kiyA hai| pAma ekAntara sUtra ne zandendu zekhara meM udyota bhI uddhRta hai| ataH sambhava hai ki donoM kI svanA 10 sAtha-sAtha huI ho| kAla sahAyaka-prayAga ke samIpastha zRGgaverapura kA rAjA rAmasiMha nAgeza bhaTTa kA vRttidAtA thaa| nAgeza bhaTTa kaba se kaba taka jIvita rahA, yaha ajJAta hai / anu15 zruti hai ki saM0 1772 meM jayapurAdhIza ne jo azvamedha yajJa kiyA thA, usameM usane nAgezabhaTTa ko bhI nimantrita kiyA thaa| parantu nAgeza bhaTTa ne saMnyAsI ho jAne, athavA kSetranivAsavata ke kAraNa yaha nimantraNa svIkAra nahIM kiyaa| bhAnudattakRta 'rasamaJjarI' para nAgeza bhaTTa kI eka TIkA hai| isa TIkA kA hastalekha iNDiyA prAphisa 20 landana ke pustakAlaya' meM vidyamAna hai / usakA lekhanakAla saMvata 1766 vi0 hai| dekho-granthAGka1222 / vaidyanAtha pAyaguNDa kA putra bAlazarmA nAgeza bhaTTa kA ziSya thaa| usane dharmazAstrI mannudeva kI sahAyatA aura henarI TAmasa kolabuka kI AjJA se 'dharmazAstrasaMgraha' grantha racA thaa| kolabuka san 1783-1815 arthAt vi0 saMvat 25 1. adhika maJjUSAyAM draSTavyam / pradIpodyota 4 / 3 / 101 // 2. zabdenduzekhare nirUpitamasmAbhiH / pradIpodyota 2 // 1 // 22 // nirNayasAgara saMskaraNa pRSTha 368 / 3. pluto naiveli bhASyapradIpodyote nirUpitam / bhAga 2, pRSTha 1108 / 4. dekho-'dharmazAstrasaMgraha' kA iNDiyA Aphisa kA hastalekha, granthAGka 30 1507 kA prArambhika bhAga /

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mahAbhASyapradIpa ke vyAkhyAkAra 469 1840-1872 taka bhAratavarSa meM rahA thaa|' ataH nAgeza bhaTTa saM0 1730 se 1810 vi0 ke madhya rahA hogaa| ___ isase adhika hama nAgeza bhaTTa ke viSaya meM kucha nahIM jAnate / yaha kitane duHkha kI bAta hai ki hama lagabhaga 200 varSa pUrvavartI prakANDa paNDita nAgeza bhaTTa ke itivRtta se sarvathA aparicita haiM / anya vyAkaraNa-grantha nAgezabhaTTa ne 'mahAbhASyapradIpodyota' ke atirikta vyAkaraNa ke nimna grantha race haiM1. laghuzabdenduzekhara 5. paramalaghumaJjUSA 2. bRhacchabdenduzekhara 6. sphoTavAda 3. paribhASenduzekhara 7. mahAbhASyapratyAkhyAna4. laghumaJjUSA saMgraha inakA varNana isa itihAsa meM yathAprakaraNa kiyA jAyagA / nAgeza bhaTTa ne vyAkaraNa ke atirikta dharmazAstra, darzana, jyotiSa, alaMkAra Adi aneka viSayoM para grantha race haiN| udyotavyAkhyAkAra-vaidyanAtha pAyaguNDa (saM0 1750-1825 vi0) nAgeza bhaTTa ke pramukha ziSya vaidyanAtha pAyaguNDa ne mahAbhASyapradIpodyota kI 'chAyA' nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai.| yaha vyAkhyA kevala navAhnika para upalabdha hotI hai / isakA kucha aMza paM0 zivadatta zarmA ne nirNayasAgara yantrAlaya bambaI se prakAzita mahAbhASya ke prathama bhAga 20 meM chApA hai| vaidyanAtha kA putra bAlazarmA aura mannudeva thaa| bAlazarmA ne kolana ka sAhaba kI AjJA, tathA dharmazAstrI mannudeva aura mahAdeva kI sahAyatA se 'dharmazAstrasaMgraha' racA thA / bAlazarmA nAgeza bhaTTa kA ziSya aura kolabraka se labdhajIvika thA, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiN| 25 . 1. 'sarasvatI' julAI 1914, pRSTha 400 / 2. isakA eka hastalekha 'kAzI ke sarasvatI bhavana ke pustakAlaya' meM hai, usakI pratilipi hamAre pAsa bhI hai / ava yaha vArANaseya saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya kI 'sArasvatI suSamA' meM chapa cukA hai|

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170 saMskRtavyAkaraNa tra-zAstra kA itihAsa 11. Adenna Adena nAma ke kisI vaiyAkaraNa ne 'mahAbhASyapradIpasphUtti' saMjaka grantha likhA hai / isa ke pitA kA nAma veGkaTa atirAtrAptoryAmayAjI hai / isa grantha ke tIna hastalekha 'madrAsa rAjakIya pustakAlaya ke sUcI patra' bhAga 3, pRSTha 632-934, granthAGka 1305-1307 para nirdiSTa haiN| prAtmakUra (karnUla-Andhra) ke mitravara zrI paM0 padmanAbharAva jI ne 10 / 11 / 63 I0 ke patra meM likhA hai Adenna prAdIti nAmaikadezagrahaNAdayam prAdinArAyaNo vA syAd pAdizeSo vA vyavahArazcAyamAndhreSu sarvathA sulbhH| anna, appa, 10 ayya, amma evamAdibhrAtrAdivAcinazabdA nAmnAmante nivezanamevAtra smprdaayH| yadi paM0 padmanAbharAva kA mata svIkAra kiyA jAye to yaha granthakAra Andhra pradeza kA nivAsI thA / 12. sarvezvara somayAjI 15 sarvezvara somayAjI viracita 'mahAbhASyapradIpasphUti' kA ekahastalekha 'aDiyAra pustakAlaya ke sUcIpatra' bhAga 2, pRSTha 73 para nirdiSTa hai / 13. harirAma AphekTa ne apane bRhat sUcIpatra meM harirAma kRta 'mahAbhASyapradIpavyAkhyA' kA ullekha kiyA hai| hamArI dRSTi meM isakA ullekha anyatra 20 nahIM aayaa| 14. ajJAtakartRka 'dayAnanda eGa glo vaidika kAleja lAhaura ke lAlacanda pustakAlaya' meM eka 'pradIpavyAkhyA' grantha vidyamAna hai| isakA granthAGka 6606 hai| isa grantha ke kartA kA nAma ajJAta hai / 25 isa adhyAya meM kaiyaTa-viracita 'mahAbhASyapradIpa' ke caudaha TIkA kAroM kA saMkSipta varNana kiyA hai| isa prakAra hamane 11veM aura 12 veM adhyAya meM mahAbhASya aura usakI TIkA-praTIkAoM para likhane vAle vaiyAkaraNoM kA varNana kiyA hai| agale adhyAya meM anupadakAra ... aura padazeSakAra nAmaka vaiyAkaraNoM kA ullekha hogaa|

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terahavAM adhyAya anupadakAra aura padazeSakAra vyAkaraNa ke vAGamaya meM anupadakAra aura padazeSakAra nAmaka vaiyAkaraNoM kA ullekha milatA hai| aneka granthakAra padakAra ke nAma se pAtaJjala mahAbhASya ke uddharaNa uddhRta karate haiN|' tadanusAra 5 pataJjali kA padakAra nAmAntara hone se spaSTa hai ki mahAbhASya kA eka nAma 'pada' bhI thaa| zizupAlavadha ke 'anutsUtrapadanyAsA" zloka kI vyAkhyA meM ballabhadeva bhI 'pada' zabda kA artha 'pada zeSAhiviracitaM bhASyam' karatA hai / isase spaSTa hai ki 'anupadakAra' kA artha anupada=mahAbhASya ke anantara race gaye grantha kA racayitA, aura pada- 10 zeSakAra kA artha padazeSa=mahAbhASya se bace hue viSaya ke pratipAdana karanevAle grantha kA racayitA hai / isIliye inakA varNana hama mahAbhASya aura usa para racI gaI vyAkhyAnoM ke anantara karate haiM __ anupadakAra anupadakAra kA artha-anupadakAra kA artha hai-'anupada' kA 15 rcyitaa| anupada-'caraNavyUha yajurveda khaNDa' meM eka anupada upAGgoM meM ginA gayA hai / 'anupada' nAma kA sAmaveda kA eka sUtragrantha bhI hai| prakRta meM 'anupada' kA artha pUrvalikhita 'pada-mahAbhASya ke anu= anukUla likhA gayA grantha' hI hai| kyoMki anupadakAra nAma se prAge 20 udhriyamANa vacana vyAkaraNa-viSayaka haiN| anupadakAra kA nirdeza-dhUrtasvAmI ne Apastamba zrauta 11 / 6 / 2 ke bhASya meM anupadakAra kA ullekha kiyA haiN| yaha vaidika granthakAra hai| rAmANDAra ne Apastamba zrauta 11 / 6 / 2 kI dhUrta 25 . 1. dekho-pUrva pRSTha 358-56 / 2. 2 / 112 // 3. tulanA karo padazeSo granthavizeSaH / padamaJjarI 7 / 268 // 4. tulanA karo-anunyAsa pada / tathA dekho-agale pRSTha kA vivaraNa / 5. anupadakArasya tuurdhvbaahunaa..............|

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472 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa svAmI kRta bhASya kI vRtti meM anupadakAra ko chAndogya SaDviMza brAhmaNa kA vyAkhyAtA kahA hai|' vyAkaraNa-vAGamaya meM anupadakAra-vyAkaraNa-vAGamaya meM bhI anupadakAra kA nirdeza aneka sthAnoM para upalabdha hotA hai / yathA____ maitreyarakSita viracita nyAsavyAkhyA-tantrapradIpa aura zaraNadeva racita durghaTavRtti meM 'anupadakAra' ke nAma se vyAkaraNa-viSayaka do uddharaNa upalabdha hote haiM / yathA 1-evaM ca yuvAnamAkhyat pracIkaladityAdiprayogo'nupadakAreNa neSyata iti lakSyate / 10 2-preNvanamiti anupadakAreNAnuma udaahrnnmupnystm| sambhavataH ye uddharaNa yathAkrama aSTAdhyAyI 7 / 4 / 1 tathA 8 / 4 / 2 ke grantha se uddhRta kiye gaye hai| 'saMkSiptasAra vyAkaraNa' ke vRtti aura goyIcandrakRta vyAkhyA meM nirdiSTa anupadakAra ke cAra mata nimna prakAra haiN| - 15 1-'zaSase vargAdyAttad dvitIya ityanupadakAraH / sandhipAda / 2-'pavamAno'vartamAnakAle, yajamAno'vartamAnakAle'kArye kriyAphale'potyanupadakAra iti / ' laG luGa vat'0 sUtravRtti meM / 3-'jayAdityAdInAM tu vyavasthayA yadyapyenacchita' iti lakSyate pratyenaditi ca, tathApi na tadiheSTaM bhANyAnupadakArAdInAM matena viro20 dhAt / ' dvitIyA Tausantasya samAse sUtravRtti kI goyIcandra kI vyaakhyaa| 1. anupadakAraH chaandogyssddviNshvyaakhyaataa.........| 2. bhAratakImudI bhAga 2, pRSTha 864 / 3. durghaTavRtti pRSTha 126 / 4. maJjUSA patrikA varSa 5, aMka 8, pRSTha 256 / 5. pANinIya tantra meM vAttika hai-cayo dvitIyA zari pausskrsaadeH| mahA0 8 / 4 / 48 // pauSkarasAdi pANini se pUrvavartI hai| dra0 pUrva pRSTha 110 / yahI mata yahAM anupadakAra ke nAma se uddhRta hai| 6. mahAbhASya 2 / 4 / 38 meM 'enacchitaka:' pATha hai / bhASyakAra ise svIkAra karatA hai vA nahIM, isa meM vyAkhyAtAoM kA matabheda hai|

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anupadakAra aura padazeSakAraM 473 4-'yuvAlitisUtre yuvajaranniti bhASye nodAhRtam / anupardakAreNa punaretannizcitameva / ' 'jaratapalita0' sUtravRtti kI goyIcandra kI vyaakhyaa| ___ina uddharaNoM se spaSTa hai ki 'anupada' grantha sampUrNa aSTAdhyAyI para thA / yaha samprati aprApta haiN| . vyAkaraNa ke vAGmaya meM jinendrabuddhiviracita 'nyAsa' aparanAma kAzikAvivaraNapaJjikA ke anantara indumitra nAmaka vaiyAkaraNa ne kAzikA kI 'anunyAsa' nAmaka eka vyAkhyA likhI thI / isake uddharaNa aneka prAcIna granthoM meM upalabdha hote haiN|' 'anunyAsa' pada se tulanA karane para spaSTa vidita hotA hai ki anupada kA hamArA pUrva 10 likhita artha yukta hai / isa 'anupada' graMnya ke racayitA kA nAma aura kAla prajJAta hai| padazeSakAra padazeSakAra ke nAma se vyAkaraNaviSayaka kucha uddharaNa kAzikAvRtti, mAdhavIyA dhAtuvRtti, aura puruSottamadevaviracita mahAbhASya 15 laghavRtti kI 'bhASyavyAkhyAprapaJca' nAmnI TIkA meM upalabdha hote haiM yathA 1-'padazeSakArasya punaridaM darzanam-gamyupalakSaNArtha parasmaipadagrahaNam, parasmaipadeSu yo gamirupalakSitastasmAt sakArAderArdhadhAtukasyeD bhvti'| 2-'ata eva bhASyavAtikavirodhAt 'gameriTa' ityatra parasmaipadagrahaNaM gamyupalakSaNArtham, parasmaipadeSu yo gaminidiSTa iti padazeSakAra' vrshnmupekym|' 3-'padazeSakArastu zabdAghyAhAraM zeSamiti vadati' / / ina uddharaNoM se spaSTa hai ki 'padazeSa' nAmaka koI grantha aSTA- 25 dhyAyI para likhA gayA thaa| 'padazeSa' nAma se yaha bhI vidita hotA hai * 1-dekho - 'kAzikAvRtti ke vyAkhyAkAra' nAmaka 15 vAM adhyAya / 2. kAzikA 7 / 2 / 58 // 3. pRSTha 434 kI Ti0 2 / . 4. gama dhAtu, uSTha 192 / 5. dekho-i0 hi0 kvArTI sepTembara 1943, pRSTha 27 / tathA pUrva pRSTha 433 paM0 14 / 10

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474 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ki yaha grantha pada =mahAbhASya ke anantara racA gayA thA aura usa meM sambhavataH mahAbhASya se avaziSTa viSayoM para vicAra kiyA gayA hogA / yathA-puruSottamadevaviracita trikANDa zeSa amarakoza kA zeSa hai.| . . . in ETERraNa abhI taka kozikAvRtti 5. padazeSakAra kA saba se purAnA uddharaNa abhA taka kAzikAvRtta meM milA hai| tadanusAra yaha grantha vikrama kI 7 vIM zatAbdI se pUrvavartI hai, kevala itanA hI kahA jA sakatA hai / granthakAra kA nAma ajJAta ___ hama pUrva pRSTha 360 para likha Ae haiM ki 'anupadakAra' aura 10 padazeSakAra donoM eka hI haiM athavA bhinna vyakti hai, yaha vicAraNIya hai / yataH donoM padoM ke arthoM meM bhinnatA hai, ataH inheM bhinna-bhinna vyakti mAnanA hI yukta hai / aba hama agale adhyAya meM. aSTAdhyAyI, ke vattikAroM kA varNana kareMge /

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bArahavAM adhyAya aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra sUtra-granthoM kI racanA meM atyanta lAghava se kArya liyA jAtA hai| 'sUtra' zabda 'sUtra veSTane' caurAdika NyantadhAtu se 'ac' athavA pakSAntara' meM 'gha' pratyaya hokara banatA hai / prAcIna granthakAra sUtra zabda 5 kA artha 'sUcanAt sUtram" bhI darzAte haiN| tadanusAra sUtra-tantu ke avayavoM ke samAna aneka arthoM ko veSTita apane meM gumphita karane vAle athavA vistRta arthoM kI sUcanA denevAle saMketamAtra sUtroM kA abhiprAya hRdayaMgama karane vA karAne ke lie vyAkhyAna-granthoM kI bhAvazyakatA hotI hai / mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali ne isa prakAra ke vyA- 10 khyAna-granthoM kA svarUpa nimna zabdoM meM prakaTa kiyA hai- 'na kecalaM carcApadAni vyAkhyAnam =vRddhiH prAt aij iti / ki tahi ? 'udAharaNam pratyudAharaNam, vAkyAdhyAhAraH' ityetat samuditaM . vyAkhyAnaM bhvti'| arthAt-vyAkhyAna meM padaccheda, vAkyAdhyAhAra (pUrvaprakaraNastha 15 padoM kI anuvRtti vA sUtrabAhya pada kA yoga) udAharaNa aura pratyudAharaNa hone caahieN| / paJcadhA vyAkhyAna-vaiyAkaraNoM meM eka zloka prasiddha hai 'padacchedaH padArthoktivigraho vaakyyojnaa| pUrvapakSasamAdhAnaM vyAkhyAnaM paJcalakSaNam' / ' arthAt-padaccheda, padoM kA artha, samastapadoM kA vigraha, vAkyayojanA, pUrvapakSa aura samAdhAna ye pAMca vyAkhyAna ke avayava haiN| 1. erajaNyantAnAm iti kAzikA / 333 // 56 // 2. isI lakSaNa ko kisI ne vistAra se isa prakAra kahA hai- 'laghuni sUcitArthAni svalpAkSarapadAni ca / sarvataH sArabhUtAni sUtrANyAhurmanISiNaH // 25 bhAmatI (vedAnta 11111) meM uddhRt| 3. mahAbhASya 11.prA0 1 // .. 4. bhASAvRtti kI sRSTidhara-viracita vivRti meM (bhASAvRtti ke prArambha meM pRSTha 16 pr)| in pvj: A for 6

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa Savidhi vyAkhyAna-nAgezakRta 'udyota kI chAyATIkA' ke Arambha meM 'SaDvidhA vyAkhyA' kA nirdeza milatA hai| isa SaDvidhA vyAkhyA ke tIna prakAra chAyAkAra ne 'viSNudharmottara' se udhRta kiye ina vacanoM se spaSTa hai ki sUtragranyoM ke prArabhika vyAkhyAnoM meM padaccheda, padArtha, samAsa-vigraha, anuvRtti, vAkyayojanA=artha, udAharaNa, pratyudAharaNa, pUrvapakSa aura samAdhAna ye aMza prAyaH rahA karate the| isI prakAra ke laghu-vyAkhyAnarUpa grantha 'vRtti' zabda se vyavahRta hote haiN| 10 pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI para prAcIna arvAcIna aneka prAcAryoM ne vRttigrantha likhe haiN| pataJjali-viracita mahAbhASya ke avalokana se vidita hotA hai ki usase pUrva aSTAdhyAyI para aneka vRttiyoM kI racanA ho cukI thii| mahAbhASya 111156 meM likhA hai 'yattadasya yogasya mUrdhAbhiSiktamudAharaNaM tadapi saMgRhItaM bhavati ? 15 kiM punastat ? paTTyA mRdvyeti / ' isa para kaiyaTa likhatA hai-'mUrdhAbhiSiktamiti- sarvavRttiSadAhatatvAt / ' prAcIna vRttiyoM kA svarUpa aSTAdhyAyI kI prAcIna vRttiyoM kA kyA svarUpa thA ? isa para 20 jina katipaya vacanoM se prakAza par3atA hai unheM hama nIce uddhRta karate haiM 1. vRddhirAdaic (prA0 111 / 1) ke mahAbhASya meM likhA hai ihaiva tAvad vyAcakSANA pAhaH-vRddhizabdaH saMjJA prAdecinaH saMjJinaH / apare punaH sicivRddhiH (7 / 2 / 1) ityuktvA''kArakAraukArA25 budaahrnti| .' isakA tatparya yaha hai ki kucha vRttikAra isI sUtra para 'prAkAra aikAra aukAra kI vRddhisaMjJA hotI hai aisA kahate haiM (udAharaNa nahIM ___1. yaha nibandha 'aoriyaNTala kAleja maigajIna' lAhaura ke navambara 1939 ke aGka meM chapA thaa| aba yaha zIghra prakAzita hone vAlI 'mImAMsaka lekhA30 valI' bhAga 2 (vedAGga-mImAMsA) meM chpegaa|

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aSTAdhyAyo ke vRttikAra 477 dete) anya vRttikAra sicivRddhiH (a0 7 / 2 / 1) sUtra para hI vRddhi saMjJaka AkAra aikAra praukAra ke udAharaNa dete haiN| yahI tatparya dharmarAja yajvA ke ziSya nArAyaNa ne kaiyaTa kI TIkA meM darzAyA hai / dra0 mahAbhASyapradIpavyAkhyAnAni, bhAga 2, pRSTha 233 / 2. mahAbhASya ke uparyukta pATha ke vyAkhyAna meM zivarAmendra 5 sarasvatI ne likhA hai kvacit saMjJAsUtrANAM vRttirudAharaNaM ca nopalabhyate, vidhisUtrANAM tUdAharaNamAtraM dRzyate / dra0-mahAbhASyapradIpavyAkhyAnAni, bhAga 2, pRSTha 231, paM0 25, 26 / isakA bhAva hai-kucha vRttiyoM meM saMjJA sUtroM kI vRtti aura udA- 10 haraNa nahIM milate haiM, vidhi sUtroM ke udAharaNa mAtra dikhAI par3ate haiM / [kucha vRttiyoM meM saMjJA sUtroM para vRttimAtra milatI hai, udAharaNa nahIM milate] 3. haradatta padamaJjarI ke prArambha meM likhatA hai vRttyantareSu sUtrANyeva vyAkhyAyante..."vRttyantareSu gaNapATha eva 15 nAsti / bhAga 1, pRSTha 4 / 4. pataJjali ne aSTAdhyAyI 121 ke bhASya meM isa sUtra ke cAra arthoM para vicAra kiyA hai| ve haiM ka-gAkuTAdibhyo paro yo'JNit pratyayaH itsaMjJakaGakAra ityarthaH / dr0-udyot| __ kha-gAkuTAdibhyo paro yo'Nit pratyayaH sa dbhivati DakAra itsaMjJakastasya bhavatItyarthaH / 0-prdiip| . ga-saMjJAkaraNaM tIdam- gAGakuTAdibhyo iJNit pratyayo kitsaMjJo bhavati / mhaabhaassy| gha-yadavadatidezastaraM yam-gAGakuTAvibhyo'JNit dvid pratyayo 25 DitsaMjJo bhavati / mhaabhaassy| ' ina cAra prakAra ke arthoM kA udabhAvana pataJjali ne se svakalpanA nahIM kiyA / api tu nizcaya hI ye cAra prakAra ke artha vibhinna prAcIna vRttiyoM meM rahe hoMge / isa kA pratyakSa pramANa yaha hai ki daza

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478 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa pAdI uNAdi ke prAcIna vRttikAra (mANikyadeva) ne uNAdi sUtroM meM jahAM-jahAM kit, Git cit, Nit prAdi pada paThita haiM, vahAM sarvatra kitsaMjJaka, DitsaMjJaka, citsaMjJaka, NitsaMjJaka artha hI kiye haiM / mahAbhASya ke isa prakaraNa para hamane 'aSTAdhyAyI kI mahAbhASya se prAcIna vattiyoM kA svarUpa' nAmaka nibandha meM vistAra se likhA haiN|' mahAbhASya ke adhyayana se yaha suspaSTa vidita hotA hai ki mahAbhASya kI racanA se pUrva aSTAdhyAyI ko nyUna se nyUna 4-5 vRttiyAM avazya bana cukI thiiN| mahAbhASya' ke anantara bhI aneka vaiyAkaraNoM ne aSTAdhyAyo kI vRttiyAM likhI haiN| ____ mahAbhASya se arvAcIna aSTAdhyAyI kI jitanI vRttiyAM likhI gaIM, unakA mukhya AdhAra pAtaJjala mahAbhASya hai| pataJjali ne pANinIyASTaka kI nirdoSatA siddha karane ke liye jisa prakAra aneka sUtroM vA sUtrAMzoM kA pariSkAra darzAyA, usI prakAra usane katipaya sUtroM kI vRttiyoM kA bhI pariSkAra kiyA / ataH mahAbhASya se uttara4 kAlIna vRttiyoM se pANinIya sUtroM ko una prAcIna sUtravRttiyoM kA yathAvat parijJAna nahIM hotA, jinake AdhAra para mahAbhASya kI racanA huI / isa kAraNa prAcIna anupalabdha vRttiyoM ke AdhAra para likhe mahAbhayaSya ke aneka pATha arvAcIna vRttiyoM ke anusAra asaMbaddha unmattapralApaMvat pratIta hote haiM / , yathA aSTAdhyAyI ke kaTAya samaNe (3 / 1 / 14) sUtra kI vRtti kAzikA meM 'kaSTazabdAccaturthIsamarthAt kramaNe'rthe'nArjave kyaG pratyayo bhavati' likhI hai.| jisa chAtra ne yaha vRtti par3I hai, use isa sUtra ke mahAbhASya ko 'kaSTAyeti ki nipAtyate ? 'kaSTazabdAccaturthIsamarthAt kramaNe'nArjave kyaG nipAtyate 'paGa kti dekhakara Azcarya hogA ki isa sUtra meM nipAtana kA koI prasaGga hI nahIM, phira mahAbhASyakAra ne nipAtanaviSayaka AzaGkA kyoM uThAI ? isaliyo mahAbhASya kA '' adhyayana karate samaya isa bAta kA vizeSa dhyAna prAbazya rakhanA caahiye| aSTAdhyAyI para racI gaI mahAbhASya se prAcIna aura paryAcIna 30 vRttiyoM meM se jitanI vRttiyoM kA jJAna hameM ho sakA, una kA saMkSe, se varNana karate haiM / AR

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zraSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra, 1. pANini ( 2900 vi0 pUrva ) pANini ne svopajJa, 'akAlaka' vyAkaraNa kA svarye aneka vAra pravacana kiyA thA mahAbhASya 1 4 1 meM likhA hai 3 11 476 13 kathaM tvetat sUtraM paThitavyam / kimAkaDArAbekA saMjJA, zrAhosvit prAkkaDArAt paraM kAryamiti / kutaH punarayaM sandehaH ? ubhayathA 5 hyAcAryeNa ziSyAH sUtraM pratipAditA: kecidAkaDArAdekA saMjJeti, kecit prAkkaDArAt paraM kAryamiti / . 2 - kAzikA * 4 / 1 / 117 meM likhA hai - 'zuGgAzabdaM strIliGgamanye paThanti tato DhakaM pratyudAharanti zauGgaya iti / dvayamapi caitat pramANam, ubhayathA sUtrapraNayanAt / 3 - kAzikA 6 / 2 / 104 meM udAharaNa diye haiM- 'pUrvapANinIyAH, zraparapANinIyA: / ina se pANini ke ziSyoM ke do vibhAga : darzAe haiM / 10 ina uparyukta vacanoM se spaSTa hai ki sUtrakAra ne apane sUtroM kA svayaM anekadhA pravacana kiyA thaa| sUtrapravacana- kAla meM sUtroM kI vRtti, 15 udAharaNa, pratyudAharaNa darzAnA Avazyaka hai / kyoMki inake vinA sUtramAtra kA pravacana nahIM ho sakatA, athavA vaha nirarthaka hogA / ataH yaha zrApAtataH svIkAra karanA hogA ki pANini ne apane sUtroM kI svayaM kisI vRtti kA bhI avazya pravacana kiyA thA / pANini ke ziSyoM ne sUtrapATha ke samAna usa kA bhI rakSaNa kiyA / isakI puSTi 20 nimnalikhita pramANoM se bhI hotI hai 817 .. 1 - bhartRhari 'igyaNa: saMprasAraNam ( 0 1 1145 ) sUtra ke viSaya meM 'mahAbhASyadIpikA' meM likhatA hai - 63 'ubhayathA hyAcAryeNa ziSyAH pratipAditAH kecid vAkyasya, kecidvarNasya | D.* 21 122 193425B 1 T 25 901 ma arthAt - pANini ne ziSyoM ko igyaNaH saMprasAraNam satra ke do zrarthaM par3hAye haiM / kinhIM ko 'yaNAH sthAne ika isa vAkya kI samprasAraNa saMjJA batAI, aura kinhIM ko yaN ke sthAna para honevAle ik varNa kI 1 18318 7 150. P 06

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa zAstra kA itihAsa 2- aSTAdhyAya 5 / 1 / 50 kI do prakAra se vyAkhyA karake jayAditya likhatA hai | 20 'sUtrArthadvayamapi cetadAcAryeNa ziSyAH pratipAditAH / tadubhayamapi grAhyam' / arthAt - prAcArya ( pANini ) ne sUtra ke donoM graMtha ziSyoM ko batAe, isaliye donoM artha pramANa haiM / aisI hI do prakAra kI vyAkhyA jayAditya ne 5 / 1 / 64 kI bhI kI hai / ' 3 - mahAbhASya 6 / 1 / 45 meM pataJjali ne likhA hai'yattAha mInAtimonotidoGAM lyapi cetyaMtra rAjgrahaNamanuvartayati / ' yahA~ dhenuvartayati ( anuvRtti lAtA hai) kriyA kA karttA pANini ke atirikta aura koI nahIM ho sakatA / 4 - mahAbhASya 3 / 1 / 64 meM likhA hai 'nanu ca ya evaM tasya samayasya karttA sa evedamapyAha / yadyasau tatra 15 pramANamihApi pramANaM bhavitumarhati / pramANaM cAsau tatra ceha ca / ' arthAt - 'na kevalA prakRtiH prayoktavyA na ca kevalaH pratyaya:" isa niyama kA jo kartA haiM, vahIM 'vAsarUpo'striyAm " sUtra kA bhI racayitA hai| yadi vaha niyama meM pramANa haiM, to sUtra ke viSaya meM bhI pramANa hogaa| vaha usa meM bhI pramANa haiM, aura isa meM bhI / yaha niyamana pANini ke sUtrapATha meM upalabdha hotA hai, aura na khilapATha meM / bhASyakAra ke vacana se spaSTa haiM ki isa niyama kA karttA 1. aisI do-do prakAra kI vyAkhyA zvetavanavAsI ne paJcapAdI uNAdi meM katipaya sUtroM kI kI hai, draSTavya - 4115, 117, 120 | zvetavanavAsI ne ina sUtroM kI dvitIya vyAkhyA dazapAdIvRtti ke AdhAra para kI hai / dra0 - daza25 pAdIvRtti 10 16, 17; 8 / 14 / / 2. zabarasvAmI ne mImAMsA 3 / 4 / 13 ke bhASya meM 'prakRtipratyayo sahArtha brUtaH' vacana prAcAryopadeza kahA hai isI prasaMga meM sUtrakAra kA bhI nirdeza hai / ataH usake mata meM yaha prAcArya pANini se bhinna hai / 30 3. aSTA0 3 / 1 / 64 /

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra 401 , pAmini hai / ataH pratIta hotA hai ki pANini ne uparyukta niyama kA pratipAdana sUtrapATha kI vRtti meM kiyA hogaa| 5-gaNaratnamahodadhikAra vardhamAna sUri kauDyAdyantargata 'caitayata" pada para likhatA hai-'pANinistu cita saMvedane ityasya caitayata ityAha / vardhamAna ne yaha vyutpatti nizcaya hI 'krauDyAdibhyazca sUtra kI pANinIya vRtti se uddhRta kI hogii| ___ ina pramANoM se spaSTa hai ki pANini ne apane zabdAnuzAsana kI vRtti kA pravacana avazya kiyA thaa| ___ pANini ke paricaya aura kAla ke viSaya meM hama (pUrva pRSTha 10 193-221) vistAra se likha cuke haiM / 2. zvobhUti (2900 vi0 pUrva) AcArya zvobhUti ne aSTAdhyAyI kI eka vRtti likhI thii| usakA ullekha jinendrabuddhi ne apane nyAsa grantha meM kiyA hai| kAzikA 15 72 / 11 ke 'kecidatra dvikakAranirdazena gakAraprazleSaM varNayanti' para vaha likhatA hai 'kecit zvabhUtivyADiprabhRtayaH 'zraya kaH kiti' ityatra vikakAranirdazena hetunA carvabhUto gakAraH prazliSTa ityevamAcakSate / ' yahA~ zvobhUti kA pAThAntara 'subhUti' hai subhUti nyAsakAra se arvA- 20 cIna granthakAra hai| hamArA vicAra hai ki nyAsa meM vyADi ke sAhacarya se 'zvobhUti' pATha zuddha hai| paricaya zvobhUti prAcArya kA kucha bhI itivRtta vidita nahIM hai| mahAbhASya 1 / 1156 meM eka zvobhUti kA ullekha milatA hai / vacana isa 25 prakAra hai-- 1. kAzikA meM 'caiTayata' pATha hai| 2. gaNaratnamahodavi pRSTha 37 / 3. maSTA0 4.10 //

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 'stoSyAmyahaM pAdikamodavAhi tataH zvobhUte zAtanIM pAtanIM ca / netArAvAgacchantaM dhANi rAvaNa ca tataH pazcAt sraMsyate dhvaMsyate ca ' // 482 ukta vacana zvobhUti ko sambodhanarUpa se nirdeza hone se pratIta hotA hai ki zvobhUti isa zloka ke racayitA kA ziSya thA / pradIpakAra kaMTa kA bhI yahI mata hai / ' isa zloka ke racayitA kA nAma ajJAta hai / 5 10 lakSyAnusArI kAvyavacana - hamAre vicAra meM ukta zloka pANinIya sUtroM ko lakSya meM rakha kara rAvaNArjunIya, bhaTTi Adi kAvyoM ke sadRza lakSya pradhAna kAvya kA hai / | kAla - kinhIM vidvAnoM kA mata hai ki zvobhUti pANini kA sAkSAt ziSya hai ( hamArA bhI yahI vicAra hai ) / yadi yaha bAta pramANAntara se puSTa ho jAe, to khobhUti kA kAla nizcaya hI 26 sau varSa vikramapUrva hogaa| mahAbhASya meM zvobhUti kA ullekha hone se itanA vispaSTa hai ki zvobhUti mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali se prAcIna 15 hai / 3. vyADi ( 2800 vi0 pUrva ) zvobhati ke prasaGga meM nyAsakAra jinendrabuddhi kA jo vacana udghRta kiyA hai, usase vidita hotA hai ki vyADi ne bhI zvobhUti ke 20 samAna aSTAdhyAyI kI koI vRtti likhI thI / yadi vyADi ne aSTAdhyAyI 7 / 2 / 11 sUtra kI ukta vyAkhyA saMgraha meM na kI ho to nizcaya hI vyADi ne aSTAdhyAyI kI vRti likhI hogI / vyADi ke viSaya meM hama 'saMgrahakAra vyADi nAmaka prakaraNa meM (pUrva 25 pRSTha 299 - 315) vistAra se likha cuke haiM / 4. kuNi (2000 vi0 pUrva se prAcIna) bhartRhari kaiyaTa aura haradatta Adi granthakAra prAcArya kuNi 1. zvobhUtirnAma ziSyaH / kaiyaTa mahAbhASyapradIpa 1 / 1 56 //

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1. aSTAdhyAyo ke vRttikAra 483 viracita 'aSTAdhyAyIvRtti' kA ullekha karate haiM / bhartRhari mahAbhASya 1 / 1 / 38 kI vyAkhyA meM likhatA hai___'ataH eSAM vyAvRttyartha kuNinApi taddhitagrahaNaM kartavyam / ..." ato gaNapATha eva jyAyAn asyApi vRttikArasya ityetadanena pratipAdayati / " kaiyaTa mahAbhASya 111175 kI TIkA meM likhatA hai 'kuNinA prAggrahaNamAcAryanirdazArtha vyavasthitavibhASArthaM ca vyAkhyAtam / ...."bhASyAkArastu kuNidarzanamazizrayat / ' haradatta bhI 'padamajarI' meM likhatA hai-'kuNinA tu prAcAM grahaNamAcAryanirdezArtha vyAkhyAtam, bhASyakAro'pi tathaivAzizrayat / ina uddharaNoM se spaSTa hai ki prAcArya kuNi ne aSTAdhyAyI kI koI vRtti avazya racI thii| paricaya vRttikAra prAcArya kuNi kA itivRtta sarvathA andhakArAvRtta hai| hama usa ke viSaya meM kucha nahIM jaante| 'brahmANDa purANa' tIsarA pAda 897 ke anusAra eka 'kuNi' vasiSTha kA putra thaa| isa kA dUsarA nAma 'indrapramati' thaa| eka indrapramati Rgveda ke pravaktA prAcArya paila kA ziSya thA / nizcaya hI vRttikAra kuNi ina donoM se bhinna vyakti hai / kAla prAcArya kuNi kA itivRtta-ajAta hone se usakA kAla bhI ajJAta hai| bhartRhari Adi ke uparyukta uddharaNoM se kevala itanA pratIta hotA hai ki yaha prAcArya mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali se pUrvavartI hai| 1. imArA hastalekha pRSTha 306, pUnA saM0 pRSTha 230 / 2. padamaJjarI 1 / 175, bhAga 1, pRSTha 145 / 3. vaidika vAGmaya kA itihAsa bhAga 1, pRSTha 78 pra0 saM0 /

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484. saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 5. mAthura (2000 vi0 pUrva se prAcIna) bhASAvRttikAra puruSottamadeva ne aSTAdhyAyI 1 / 2 / 57 kI vRtti meM AcArya mAthura-prokta vRtti kA ullekha kiyA hai| mahAbhASya 4 / 3 / 101 meM bho mAthura nAmaka prAcArya-prokta kisI vRtti kA ullekha 5 milatA hai| paricaya mAthura nAma taddhitapratyayAnta hai, tadanusAra isa kA artha 'mathurA meM rahanevAlA' athavA 'mathurA abhijanavAlA' hai / granthakAra kA vAstavika nAma ajJAta hai / mahAbhASya meM isakA ullekha hone se itanA spaSTa hai 10 ki yaha prAcArya pataJjali se prAcIna hai| - mAthurI-vRtti mahAbhASya meM likhA hai-yattena proktaM na ca tena kRtam mAthurI vRttiH' / ' isa uddharaNa se yaha bhI spaSTa hai ki 'mAthurI-vRtti' kA racayitA 15 mAthura' se bhinna vyakti thA / mAthura to kevala usakA pravaktA hai| . mAthurI vRtti kA uddharaNa saMskRta vAGamaya meM abhI taka 'mAthurI-vRtti' kA kevala eka uddharaNa upalabdha huA hai / puruSottamadeva bhASAvRtti 1 / 2 / 57 meM likhatA hai20 . mAthu- tu vRttaavshissygrhnnmaapaadmnuvrtte|' ___ arthAt mAthurI vRtti meM 'tadaziSyaM saMjJApramANatvAt sUtra ke 'praziSya' pada kI anuvRtti prathamAdhyAya ke dvitIya pAda kI samApti taka haiN| 1. DA. kIlahAna ne 'mAdhurI vRttiH' pATha mAnA hai / usake cAra hasta25 lekhoM meM 'mAdhurI vRttiH' pATha bhI hai| tulanA karo--'anyena kRtA mAthureNa proktA mAthurI vRttiH|' kAzikA 4 / 3 / 101 // 2. mAthura+aN / pradIpa 4 / 3 / 101 // 3. aSTA0 1 / 2 / 53 //

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra .. 485 mAthurI vRtti aura aura cAndra vyAkaraNa mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali ne 'aziSya' pada kI anuvRtti 12257 taka mAnI hai| mAtharI vRtti meM isa pada kI anuvatti za273 taka jAtI hai| ataH mAthurI-vRtti ke anusAra aSTAdhyAyI // 2 // 58 se 1 / 2 / 73 taka 16 sUtra bhI aziSya haiN| candrAcArya ne apane vyAkaraNa 5 meM jisa prakAra aSTAdhyAyI 1 / 2 / 53-57 sUtrastha viSayoM kA aziSya hone se samAveza nahIM kiyA, usI prakAra usane aSTAdhyAyI 1 / 2 / 58-73 sUtrastha vacanAtideza aura ekazeSa kA nirdeza bhI nahIM kiyA / isa se pratIta hotA hai ki prAcArya candragomI ne ina viSayoM ko bhI aziSya mAnA hai| isa samAnatA se vidita hotA hai ki candrA- 10 cArya ne apane vyAkaraNa kI racanA meM 'mAtharI-vatti' kA sAhAyya avazya liyA thaa| mahAbhASyakAra ne bhI jAti aura vyakti donoM ko padArtha mAna kara aSTAdhyAyI 131458-73 sUtroM kA pratyAkhyAna kiyA hai| sambhava hai ki pataJjali ne bhI ina ke pratyAkhyAna meM mAtharI vRtti kA Azraya liyA ho| 6. vararuci (vikrama-samakAlika) prAcArya vararuci ne aSTAdhyAyI kI eka vRtti likhI thii| yaha vararuci vArtikakAra kAtyAyana vararuci se bhinna arvAcIna vyakti hai / vararuciviracita aSTAdhyAyIvRtti kA ullekha AphekTa ne apane bRhat 20 sUcIpatra meM kiyA hai / 'madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha pustakAlaya' meM isa nAma kA eka hastalekha vidyamAna hai| dekho-sUcIpatra san 1880 kA chapA, pRSTha 342 / paricaya * yaha vararuci bhI kAtyAyana gotra kA hai / 'saduktikarNAmRta' ke eka 25 zloka se vidita hotA hai ki isakA eka nAma zrutidhara bhI thaa|' vAraruca niruktasamuccaya se pratIta hotA hai ki yaha kisI rAjA kA dharmAdhikArI thaa|' aneka vyakti ise vikramAditya kA purohita 1. khyAto yazca zrutidharatayA vikramAdityagoSThI-vidyAbhavu: khalu vararucerAsasAda pratiSThAm / pRSTha 267 / 2. yuSmatprasAdAdahaM kSapitasamasta- 30 kalmaSaH sarvasaMpatsaMgato dharmAnuSThAnayogyazca saMjAta: / pRSTha 51 (dvi0 saM0)

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486 saMskRta vyAkaraNa kA itihAsa mAnate haiN|' isakA bhAgineya vAsavadattA-lekhaka subandhu thaa| isase adhika hama isake viSaya meM kucha nahIM jaante| kAla ___ bhAratIya anuzruti ke anusAra prAcArya vararuci saMvat-pravartaka mahArAjA vikramAditya kA sabhya thaa| kaI aitihAsika isa saMbandha ko kAlpanika mAnate haiN| ataH hama vararuci ke kAlanirNayaka kucha pramANa upasthita karate haiM 1-kAzikA ke prAcIna kAtantravRttikAra durgasiMha ke matAnusAra kAtantra vyAkaraNa kA kRdanta bhAga vararuci kAtyAyana kRta hai|' 1. 2-saMvat 695 vi0 meM zatapaya kA bhASya likhane vAle hari svAmI kA guru skandasvAmI niruktaTIkA meM vararuci niruktasamuccaya se paryApta sahAyatA letA hai, aura usake pATha uddhRta karatA hai| 3-skanda mahezvara kI 'niruktaTIkA' 2016 ke bhAmaha ke alaMkAra grantha kA 2217 zloka uddhRta hai| bhAmaha ne vararuci ke . 15 'prAkRtaprakAza' kI 'prAkRtamanoramA' nAmnI TokA likhI hai| ataH vararuci nizcaya hI saMvat 600 vi0 se pUrvavartI hai / paM0 sadAziva lakSmIdhara kAtre ke matAnusAra harisvAmI saMvat pravartaka vikrama kA samakAlika hai| ___ bhAratIya itihAsa ke prAmANika vidvAn zrI paM0 bhagavaddatta jI ne 20 apane 'bhAratavarSa kA itihAsa' grantha meM vararuci aura vikrama sAha sAGka kI samakAlikatA meM aneka pramANa diye haiN| unameM se kacha eka nIce likhe haiM 1. paM0 bhagavaddatajI kRta bhAratavarSa kA itihAsa, pR. 6 (dvi saM0) / 2. bhAratavarSa kA bRhad itihAsa bhAga 1, pRSTha 68 (dvi0 sN0)| . 3. 60-Age pRSTha 445 para kAla-nirdezaka 8 vAM pramANa / 4. vRkSAdivadamI rUDhA na kRtinA kRtAH kRtaH / kAtyAyanena te sRSTA vibuddhprtipttye| 5. dekho-hamAre dvArA sampAdita 'niruktasamuccaya' kI bhUmikA pRSTha 1 / 6. gvAliyara se prakAzita 'vikramAditya grantha' meM paM. sadAziva kAtre kA 7. dekho-dvitIya saMskaraNa, pRSTha 327 tathA 341 / 30 dekh|

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra 4 - vararuci apane 'liGgAnuzAsana' ke anta meM likhatA hai - ' iti zrImadakhilavAgvilAsamaNDita - sarasvatI - kaNThAbharaNa -aneka vizaraNa - zrInarapati - vikramAditya - kirITakoTinighuSTacaraNAravi+ ndanAcAryavararuciviracito liGgavizeSavidhiH samAptaH / 5 - vararuci apanI 'patrakaumudI' ke prArambha meM likhatA hai - vikramAdityabhUpasya kIrti siddhenidezataH / zrImAn vararucirdhImAMstanoti patrakaumudIm // 6 - vararuci apane 'vidyAsundara kAvya' ke anta meM likhatA hai - ' iti samastamahI maNDalAdhipamahArAjavikramAdityanidezalabdhazrI+ manmahApaNDitavararuciviracitaM vidyAsundaraprasaMgakAvyaM samAptam / 10 7- lakSmaNasena (vi0 saM0 1976 ) ke sabhApaNDita ghoyI kA eka zloka 'saduktikarNAmRta' meM uddhRta hai / usameM likhA haikhyAto yazca zrutidharatayA vikramAdityagoSThIvidyAbhartuH khalu vararucerAsasAda pratiSThAm // ' 47 5. <- - kAlidAsa apane 'jyotirvidAbharaNa' 22 / 10 meM likhatA hai - 15 dhanvantariH kSapaNako'marasihazaGka vetAlabhaTTaghaTa kharpara kAlidAsAH / khyAto varAhamihiro nRpateH sabhAyAM ratnAni vai vararucirnava vikramasya // ' 4- 8 taka ke pAMca pramANoM se vararuci aura vikramAditya kA sambandha vispaSTa hai / AThaveM pramANa meM 'varAhamihira' kA ullekha hai / varAhamihira ne bRhatsaMhitA' meM 550 zaka kA ullekha kiyA hai / yaha 20 zAlivAhana zaka nahIM hai / 'zaka' zabda saMvatsara kA paryAya hai|' isa tathya ko na jAna kara ise zAlivAhana zaka mAna kara Adhunika aitihAsikoM ne mahatI bhUla kI hai| vikrama se pUrva nandAbda, candraguptAnda zudrakAbda Adi aneka zaka pracalita the / varAhamihira ne kisa zaka kA ullekha kiyA hai, yaha ajJAta hai / 25 1. saduktikarNAmRta pRSTha 267 // 2. mahAbhASya 2 / 1 / 68 meM eka vArtika ' zAkapArthivAdInAmupasaMkhyAnamuttarapadalopazca / isakA eka udAharaNa hai - zAkapArthivaH / zAkapArthiva ve kahAte haiM jinhoMne svasaMvat calAyA / yahAM zaka zabda saMvat vAcaka hai / prajJAditvAt aN hokara prajJa eva prAjJaH ke samAna zaka evaM zAka: zabda nippanna hotA hai / 30

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa vAraruci-vRtti kA hastalekha hamane "madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha pustakAlaya' meM vidyamAna vArarucaH vRtti kI pratilipi maMgavAI hai / yaha prArambha se aSTAdhyAyI // 4 // 34 sUtra paryanta hai| yadi yaha pratilipi bhUla se anya ko na bhejI gaI ho, to nizcaya hI vaha hastalekha vAraruca-vRtti kA nahIM hai| isa grantha meM bhaTToji dIkSita viracita siddhAntakomudo ko ho sUtravRtti sUtrakramAnusAra tattat sUtroM para saMgRhIta hai| vararuci ke katipaya anya grantha vararuci ke nAma se aneka grantha upalabdha hote haiM / una meM kucha10 eka nimnalikhita hai| 1-taittirIya prAtizAkhya-vyAkhyA-isa vyAkhyA ke aneka uddharaNa taittarIyaprAtizAkhya ke 'triratlabhASya' aura vIrarAghavakRta 'zabdabrahmavilAsa' nAmaka TokA meM milate haiN| isakA viroSa varNana 'prAti zAkhya aura usake TokAkAra' nAmaka 28 veM adhyAya meM kiyA 15 jaaygaa| .. 2-niruktasamuccaya-isa granya meM AvArya vararuci ne 100 mantroM kI vyAkhyA naruktasampradAyAnusAra kI hai / yaha nirukta-sampradAya kA prAmANisa granya hai| isa kA sammAdana hamane kiyA hai / 3-sArasamuccaya--isa grantha meM vararuci ne mahAbhArata se 20 AcAra-vyavahAra sambandhI aneka viSayoM ke zlokoM kA saMgraha kiyA hai| yaha grantha bAli dvIpa se prApta huprA hai / isa para bAli bhASA meM vyAkhyA bhI hai| isakA sundara saMskaraNa abhI-abhI zrI DA0 raghuvIra ne 'sarasvatI vihAra' se prakAzita kiyA haiM / 4-liGgavizeSavidhi -isakA varNana 'liGgAnuzAsana aura usake 25 vRttikAra' nAmaka 25 veM adhyAya meM kiyA jaaygaa| 5-prayogavidhi-yaha vyAkaraNaviSayaka laghu grantha hai| yaha nArAyaNakRta TokA sahita TriveNDama se prakAzita ho cukA hai| . 1. isakA pariSkRta dvitIya saMskaraNa 2022 vi0 meM puna: chapavAyA hai| tRtIya saMskaraNa saM0 2040 meM punaH chapA hai|

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456 aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra 486 6-kAtantra uttarArdha-isakA varNana 'kAtantra' vyAkaraNa ke prakaraNa meM kiyA jaaegaa| 7-prAkRtaprakAza-yaha prAkRta bhASA kA vyAkaraNa hai / isa para bhAmaha kI 'prAkRtamanoramA' TIkA chapa cukI hai| 8-koza-amarakoza Adi kI vividha TIkAnoM meM kAtya, 5 kAtyAyana tathA vararuci ke nAma se kisI koSa-granya ke aneka vacana uddhRta haiM / vararucikRta koSa kA eka saTIka hastalekha 'madrAsa rAjakIya pustakAlaya' meM vidyamAna hai, dekho-sUcIpatra bhAga 26 khaNDa 1 granthAGka 15672 / __-upasarga-sUtra-mAdhavanidAna kI makoSa vyAkhyA meM vararuci 10 kA eka upasarga-sUtra uddhRta hai|' 10-patrakaumudI 11-vidyAsundaraprasaMga kAvya / 7. devanandI (saM0 500 vi0 se pUrva) 'jainendra-zabdAnuzAsana' ke racayitA devanandI apara nAma pUjyapAda 15 ne pANinIya vyAkaraNa para 'zabdAvatAranyAsa' nAmnI TIkA likhI thii| isa meM nimna pramANa haiM 1-zimogA jile kI 'nagara' tahasIla ke 43 veM zilAlekha meM likhA hai 'nyAsaM jainendrasaMjJaM sakalabudhanataM pANinIyasya bhUyo, nyAsaM zabdAvatAraM manujatatihitaM vaidyazAstraM ca kRtvA / yastattvArthasya TIkAM vyaracayadiha bhAtyasau pUjyapAdaH, / svAmo bhUpAlavandyaH svaparahitavacaH pUrNadRgbodhavRttaH // arthAt-pUjyapAda ne apane vyAkaraNa para jainendra nyAsa, pANinIya vyAkaraNa para zabdAvatAra-nyAsa, vaidyaka kA grantha aura tattvArthasUtra kI 25 TIkA likhI hai / 20 1. vararucerupasargasUtram-'ni nizcayaniSedhayoH / 'nirNayasAgara saM0 pR05 / 2. 'jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa' pRSTha 107, Ti0 1; dvi0 saM0 pRSTha 33 Ti0 2 / devanandI kA prakaraNa prAyaH isI grantha ke AdhAra para likhA gayA hai|

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460 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 2-vi0 saM0 1217 ke vRttavilAsa ne 'dharmaparIkSA' nAmaka kannaDa bhASA ke kAvya kI prazasti meM likhA hai 'bharadi jainendrabhAsuraM enala moredaM pANinIyakke TIkum" isa meM pANinIya vyAkaraNa para kisI TIkA-grantha ke likhane kA 5 ullekha hai| ina pramANoM se spaSTa hai ki prAcArya devanandI ne pANinIya vyAkaraNa para koI TIkA-grantha avazya racA thaa| prAcArya pUjyapAda dvArA viracita 'zabdAvatAra-nyAsa' isa samaya aprApya hai| paricaya 10 candrayya kavi ne kannaDa bhASA meM pUjyapAda kA carita likhA hai| usameM lekhaka likhatA hai 'devanandI ke pitA kA nAma 'mAdhava bhaTTa' aura mAtA nAma 'zrIdevI' thaa| ye donoM vaidika matAnuyAyI the| inakA janma karnATaka deza ke 'kAle' nAmaka grAma meM huA thaa| mAdhava bhaTTa ne apanI strI ke kahane 15 se jaina mata svIkAra kiyA thaa| pUjyapAda ko eka udyAna meM meMDhaka ko sAMpa ke muMha meM phaMsA huA dekhakara vairAgya utpanna huA aura ve jaina sAdhu bana ge|' (jaina sA0 aura i0, pRSTha 50, saMska0 2) ___yaha caritra aitihAsika dRSTi se anupAdeya mAnA jAtA hai| ataH uparyukta lekha kahAM taka satya hai, yaha nahIM kaha sakate / phira bhI yaha 20 sambhAvanA ThIka pratIta hotI hai ki devanandI ke pitA vaidika matA nuyAyI rahe hoM / aitihya-prasiddha jaina granthakAroM meM aneka granthakAra pahale svayaM vaidikadharmI the, athavA unake pUrvaja vaidikamatAnuyAyI the| devanandI jainamata ke prAmANika prAcArya haiN| jaina lekhaka inheM pUjyapAda aura jinendrabuddhi ke nAma se smaraNa karate haiM / gaNaratnamaho25 dadhi ke kartA vardhamAna ne inheM 'digvastra' nAma se smaraNa kiyA hai|' prAcArya devanandI kA kAla abhI taka anizcita hai / unake kAla 1. 'jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa' pRSTha 63, Ti0 2 (pra0 saM0) / 2. zAlAturIyazakaTAGgajacandramomidigvastrabhartRharivAmanabhojamukhyAH / ... 30 digvastro devnndii| pRSTha 1, 2 /

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aSTAdhyAyo ke vRttikAra - nirNAyaka jo pramANa upalabdha hote haiM, una meM se kucha isa prakAra haiM1 - jaina granthakAra vardhamAna ne vi0 saM0 1167 meM apanA 'gaNaratnamahodadhi' grantha racA usa meM prAcArya devanandI ko 'digvastra' nAma se bahutra smaraNa kiyA hai / X&? 2- rASTrakUTa ke jagattuGga rAjA kA samakAlika vAmana apane 5 'liGgAnuzAsana' meM prAcArya devanandI - viracita jainendra liGgAnuzAsana ko bahudhA uddhRta karatA hai / ' jagattuGga kA rAjyakAla vi0 saM0 851-871 taka thA / 3 --- karnATakakavicaritra ke karttA ne gaGgavaMzIya rAjA durvinIta ko pUjyapAda kA ziSya likhA hai / durvinIta ke pitA mahArAjA pravi- 10 nIta kA markarA (kurga ) se zakAbda 388 kA eka tAmrapatra milA hai / tadanusAra pravinIta vi0 saM0 523 meM rAjya kara rahA thA / 'hisTrI Apha kanADI liTarecara' aura 'karnATakakavicaritra' ke anusAra mahArAja durvinIta kA rAjyakAla vi0 saM0 536 566 taka rahA hai / 3 4 - vi0 saM0 660 meM bane hue 'darzanasAra' nAmaka grantha meM 15 likhA hai siripujjapAdasIso drAviDasaMghasya kArago duTTho / NAmeNa vajjaNaMdI pAhuDavedI mahAsatto // paMcasa chabbIse vikkamarAyassa maraNapattassa / dakkhiNa maharA jAdo dAviNasaMgho mahAmoho || arthAt pUjyapAda ke ziSya vajranandI ne vikrama ke maraNa ke pazcAt 526 veM varSa meM dakSiNa mathurA vA madurA meM dravir3asaMgha kI sthApanA kI thI / pramANAGka 3 ra 4 se vispaSTa hotA hai ki prAcArya devanandI kA kAla vikrama kI SaSTha zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha hai / 1. vyADapraNItamatha vArarucaM sacAndra jainendralakSaNagataM vividhaM tathAnyat / zloka 31 / 'jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa' pRSTha 116 ( pra0 saM0 ) / 3. vahI, pRSTha 116 pra0 (saM0 ) / itihAsa, Ti0 pra0 saM0 pRSTha 117; dvi0 saM0 pRSTha 43, Ti0 1 4. jaina sAhitya zrIra 20 25

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5 15 20 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa vivecanA - zrI nAthUrAma premI ne apane 'jaina sAhitya prora itihAsa' ke dvitIya saMskaraNa meM pRSTha 44 para pUjyapAda aura rAjA durvinIta ke guruziSya bhAva kA khaNDana kara diyA hai / prAyaH sabhI vaiyAkaraNoM ne eka vizeSa niyama kA vidhAna kiyA hai, 10 jisake anusAra 'aisI koI ghaTanA jo lokavizruta ho, prayoktA ne use sAkSAt na dekhA ho, parantu prayoktA ke darzana kA viSaya sambhava ho, arthAt prayoktA ke jIvanakAla meM ghaTI ho, to usako kahane ke lie bhUtakAla meM laG pratyaya hotA hai' 25 422 nayA pramANa - 'bhAratIya jJAnapITha kAzI' se prakAzita jainendra vyAkaraNa ke prArambha meM 'jainendra zabdAnuzAsana tathA usake khilapATha' prakaraNa ( pRSTha 42 ) meM AcArya pUjyapAda ke kAla ke nizcaya ke lie nayA pramANa upasthita kiyA thA / use hI saMkSepa se yahAM upasthita karate haiM - 'parokSe ca lokavijJAte prayokturdarzanaviSaye / " isa niyama ke nimna udAharaNa vyAkaraNa-granthoM meM milate haiMaruNad yavanaH sAketam, aruNad yavano mAdhyamikAm / mahA0 3 / 2 / 11 // 1 zrajayajjata hUNAn / cAndra 1 / 2 / 81 / / zraruNanmahendro mathurAm | jainendra' 2 / 2 / 92 / / zradahadamoghavarSo'rAtIn / zAka0 4 / 3 / 208 / / zraruNatM siddhavarSo'vantIm / haima 5 / 2 / 8 / / inameM antima do udAharaNa sarvathA spaSTa haiM / zrAcArya pAlyakIrti [zAkaTAyana] amoghavarSa, aura prAcArya hemacandra siddharAja ke kAla meM vidyamAna the, isameM kisI ko vipratipatti nahIM / parantu jarta 1. kAtyAyana vArtika / mahA0 3 / 2 / 11 // 2. pAzcAttya matAnuyAyiyoM ne 'jartaH' ke sthAna para 'gupta' pATha ghar3a liyA hai / dra0- - pUrva pRSTha 366, 370 tathA pRSTha 370 Ti0 1 / 3. yadyapi yaha tathA isake pUrva udAharaNa kramazaH dharmadAsa aura abhayanandI kI vRttiyoM se liye haiM, parantu ina vRttikAroM ne ye udAharaNa candra aura pUjyapAda kI svopajJa vRtti se lie haiM / 30

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra 463 aura mahendra nAmaka vyakti ko itihAsa meM sAkSAt na pAkara pAzcAttya matAnuyAyI bhAratIya vidvAnoM ne jarta ko gupta' aura mahendra ko menendraminaNDara' banAkara anargala kalpanAeM ko haiM / isa prakAra kI kalpanAoM se itihAsa naSTa ho jAtA hai / hamAre vicAra meM jainendra kA zraruNanmahendro mathurAm pATha sarvathA ThIka hai / usameM kiJcinmAtra 5 bhrAnti kI sambhAvanA nahIM / AcArya pUjyapAda ke jIvanakAla ko yaha mahattvapUrNa ghaTanA itihAsa meM surakSita hai / 10 jainendra ullikhita mahendra - jainendra vyAkaraNa meM smRta mahendra guptavaMzIya kumAragupta hai| usakA pUrA nAma mahendrakumAra hai / jainendra ke vinApi nimittaM pUrvottarapadayorvA khaM vaktavyam ( 4|1|139 ) vArtika, athavA padeSu padaikadezAn nyAya ke anusAra mahendrakumAra ke lie mahendra athavA kumAra zabdoM kA prayoga itihAsa meM milatA hai / kumAragupta kI mudrAoM para mahendra, mahendrasiMha, mahendravarmA, mahendrakumAra zrAdi kaI nAma upalabdha hote haiM / mahendra kA mathurA vijaya - tibbatIya grantha 'candragarbha paripRcchA' 15 sUtra meM likhA haiM - ' yavanoM balhikoM zakunoM (kuzanoM) ne milakara tIna lAkha senA lekara mahendra ke rAjya para AkramaNa kiyA / gaGgA ke uttara pradeza jIta lie / mahendrasena ke yuvA kumAra ne do lAkha senA lekara una para AkramaNa kiyA, aura vijaya prApta kii| lauTane para pitA ne usakA abhiSeka kara diyA' / 'candragarbhasUtra' meM nirdiSTa mahendra nizcaya hI mahArAja mahendra = kumAra gupta hai, aura usakA yuvarAja skandagupta / 'maJjuzrImUlakalpa' zloka 646 meM zrI mahendra aura usake sakArAdi putra ( - skandagupta ) ko smaraNa kiyA hai| 1. dekho - pUrva 492 pRSTha kI Ti0 2 / 25 2. 'jainendra mahAvRtti' bhAratIya jJAnapITha kAzI saMskaraNa kI zrI DA0 vAsudevazaraNa agravAla likhita bhUmikA pRSTha 10-11 / 3. paM0 bhagavaddatta kRta bhAratavarSa kA vRhad itihAsa bhAga 2, pRSTha 307 / 4. impIriyala hisTrI Apha iNDiyA, jAyasavAla, pRSTha 36, tathA bhAratavarSa kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga 2, pRSTha 348 // 5. mahendranRpavaro mukhyaH sakArAdyo mataH param / 30

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA ititAsa 'candragarbhasUtra' meM likhita ghaTanA kI jainendra ke udAharaNa meM ullikhata ghaTanA ke sAtha tulanA karane para spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki jainendra ke udAharaNa meM ukta mahattvapUrNa ghaTanA kA hI saMketa hai| prataH ukta udAharaNa se yaha bhI vidita hotA hai ki videzI AkrAntAnoM ne gaGgA ke pAsa-pAsa kA pradeza jItakara mathurA ko apanA kendra banAyA thaa| isalie mahendra ko senA ne mathurA kA hI gherA DAlA / ___ jainendra ke ukta udAharaNa se yaha bhI spaSTa hai ki ukta aitihAsika ghaTanA prAcArya pUjyapAda ke jIvanakAla meM ghaTI thii| ataH prAcArya pUjyapAda aura mahArAja mahendrakumAra-kumAragupta samakA10 lika haiN| mahendrakumAra kA kAla-mahArAja mahendrakumAra aparanAma kumAragupta kA kAla pAzcAttya vidvAnoM ne vi0 saM0 470-512 (= 413455 I0) mAnA hai / bhAratIya kAlagaNanAnusAra kumAragupta kA kAla vikrama saM0 66-136 taka nizcita hai / kyoMki usake zilAlekha 15 ukta saMvatsaroM ke upalabdha ho cuke haiN| yadi bhAratIya kAlagaNanA ko abhI svIkAra na bhI kiyA jAe, to bhI pAzcAttya matAnusAra itanA to nizcita hai ki pUjyapAda kA kAla vikrama kI pAMcavIM zatI ke uttarArdha se SaSThI zatI ke prathama caraNa ke madhya hai| ___ isa vivecanA se yaha bhI spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki jainendra ke 'aruNa20 mahendro mathurAm' udAharaNa meM mahendra ko videzI AkrAmaka menendra = minaNDara samajhanA bhI bhArI bhrama hai / ___ DA0 kAzInAtha bApUjI pAThaka kI bhUla svargIya DA0 kAzInAtha bApUjI pAThaka kA zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa ke sambandha meM eka lekha 'iNDiyana eNTikverI' (jilda 43 pRSTha 20525 212) meM chapA hai / usameM unhoMne likhA hai "pANinIya vyAkaraNa meM vArSagaNya pada kI siddhi nahI hai / jainendra aura zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa meM isa kA ullekha milatA hai| pANini ke zaradvacchanakarbhAd bhRguvatsAnAyaNeSu sUtra ke sthAna meM janendra kA sUtra 1. yahAM hamane saMkSepa se likhA hai| vizeSa dekho-jaina sAhitya aura 30 itihAsa' pra0 saM0 pRSTha 117.116 / 2. aSTA0 4 / 1 / 102 //

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra 465 hai-zaradvacchanakaraNAgnizarmakRSNadarbhAd bhguvtsaagraaynnbraahmnnvsisstthe|' isI kA anukaraNa karate hue zAkaTAyana ne sUtra racA hai-zaradvacchanakaraNAgnizarmakRSNadarbhAd bhRguvatsavasiSThavRSagaNabrAhmaNAmAyaNe / ' kI amoghA vRtti meM 'AgnizarmAyaNo vArSagaNyaH, prAgnimiranyaH' vyAkhyA kI hai| vArSagaNya sAMkhyakArikA ke racayitA IzvarakRSNa kA dUsarA 5 nAma hai| cInI vidvAn Takkusu ke matAnusAra IzvarakRSNa vi0 saM0 507 ke lagabhaga vidyamAna thaa| jainendra vyAkaraNa meM usakA ullekha hone se jainendra vyAkaraNa vi0 saM0 507 ke bAda kA hai / isa lekha meM pAThaka mahodaya ne cAra bhayAnaka bhUleM kI haiM / yathA prathama-sAMkhyazAstra ke sAtha saMbaddha vArSagaNya nAma sAMkhyakArikA- 10 kAra IzvarakRSNa kA hai, yaha likhanA sarvathA azuddha hai| sAMkhyakArikA kI yukti-dIpikA nAmnI vyAkhyA meM 'vArSagaNya' aura 'vArSagaNAH' ke nAma ke aneka uddharaNa uddhata haiM, ve IzvarakRSNa-viracita sAMkhyakArikA meM upalabdha nahIM hote / prAcArya bhartRhari viracita vAkya padIya brahmakANDa meM 'idaM pheno na' aura 'andho maNimavindad' do padya 15 par3he haiN| ina meM se dvitIya padya taittirIya AraNyaka 1 / 11 / 5 meM tathA yogadarzana 4 / 31 ke vyAsabhASya meM svalpa pAThabheda ke sAtha upalabdha hotA hai / vAkyapadIya ke prAcIna vyAkhyAkAra vRSabhadeva ke matAnusAra ye padya sAMkhyazAstra ke SaSTitantra grantha ke haiN| aneka lekhakoM ke mata meM SaSTitantra bhagavAna vArSagaNya kI kRti hai| yadi yaha ThIka ho, to 20 mAnanA hogA ki vArSagaNya AcArya taittirIya prAraNyaka ke pravacanakAla arthAta vikrama se lagabhaga tIna sahasra varSa se prAcIna hai / mahAbhArata meM bhI sAMkhyazAstrakAra vArSagaNya kA bahudhA ullekha milatA hai| isa se spaSTa hai ki vArSagaNya atyanta prAcIna AcArya hai| usakA IzvarakRSNa ke sAtha sambandha jor3anA mahatI bhrAnti hai| 25 1. zabdArNava 3 / 1 / 134 // 2. 2 / 4 / 36 // 3. kArikA 8, 6 / 4. idaM phena iti / SaSTitantragranthazcAyaM yAvadabhyapUjayaditi / pRSTha 18 / . 5. dekho-hamAre mitra vidvadvara zrI0 paM0 udayavIrajI zAstrI 'kRta 'sAMkhya darzana kA itihAsa' pRSTha 86 / 6. 'sAMkhya darzana kA itihAsa' grantha meM mAnanIya zAstrI jI ne vArSagaNya ko taittirIyAraNyaka se uttara kAla kA 30 mAnA hai| parantu hamArA vicAra hai ki vaha taittirIyAraNyaka se pUrvavartI hai|

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saMskRtavyAkaraNa tra-zAstra kA itihAsa dvitIya-jainendra aura zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa ke jina sUtroM ke uddharaNa dekara pAThaka mahodaya ne vArSagaNya pada kI siddhi darzAI hai, vaha bhI cintya hai| ukta sUtroM meM vArSagaNya' pada kI siddhi nahIM hai, apitu una meM batAyA hai ki yadi agnizarmA vRSagaNa-gotra kA hogA, 5 to usakA apatya 'AgnizarmAyaNa' kahalAvegA / aura yadi vaha vRSagaNagotra kA na hogA, to usakA apatya 'prAgnimi' hogaa| isa bAta ko pAThaka mahodaya dvArA uddhRta amoghA vRtti kA pATha spaSTa darzA rahA hai| vyAkaraNa kA sAdhAraNa sA bho bodha na hone se kaisI bhayaGkara bhUleM hotI haiM, yaha pAThaka mahodaya ke lekha se spaSTa hai| tRtIya-jainendra vyAkaraNa ke nAma se pAThaka mahodaya ne jo sUtra uddhRta kiyA hai, vaha jainendra vyAkaraNa kA nahIM hai vaha hai jainendra vyAkaraNa ke guNanandI dvArA pariSkRta 'zabdArNava' saMjJaka saMskaraNa kaa|' guNanandI kA kAla vikrama kI dazama zatAbdI hai| ataH usake AdhAra para prAcArya pUjyapAda kA kAla nirdhAraNa karanA sarvathA prayukta hai| 15 caturtha-pAThaka mahodaka jainendra aura zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa ke jina sUtroM meM vArSagaNya pada kA nirdeza samajhakara pANinIya vyAkaraNa meM usakA abhAva batAte haiM, vaha bhI anucita hai / kyoMki pANini ne vArSagaNya gotra ke AgnizarmAyaNa kI siddhi ke liye naDAdigaNa meM 'agnizaman vRSagaNe' sUtra par3hA hai / ataH pANini usakA punaH sUtrapATha 20 meM nirdeza kyoM karatA ? prAcArya pUjyapAda ne bhI isa viSaya meM pANini kA hI anukaraNa kiyA hai| usane AgnizarmAyaNa vArSagagya kA sAdhaka 'agnizaman vRSagaNe' sUtra naDAdigaNa meM par3hA hai| (pAThaka mahodaya ne jainendravyAkaraNa nAma se jo sUtra uddhRta kiyA hai, vaha mUla jainendra vyAkaraNa kA nahIM hai, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiM) / zAstra ke pUrvApara 25 kA bhale prakAra anuzIlana kiye vinA usake viSaya meM kisI prakAra kA mata nirdhArita kara lene se kitanI bhayaGkara bhUleM ho jAtI haiM, yaha bhI isa vivecana se spaSTa hai| 1. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa pra0 saM0, pRSTha 100-106 / tathA isI itihAsa' kA pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa' nAmaka 17 vA adhyAya / 2. 'jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa' pra0 saM0, pRSTha 111, tathA isI itihAsa kA 17 vAM adhyAya / 3. gaNapATha 4 / 105 // 4. jainendra gaNapATha 41198 //

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aSTAdhyAyo ke vRttikAra 467 ___ DA0 kAzInAtha bApUjI pAThaka ke lekha ko DA0 velvAlkara' tathA zrI paM0 nAthUrAmajI premI ne bhI apane-apane granthoM meM uddhRta karake una ke pariNAma ko svIkAra kiyA hai| ataH inake lekhoM meM bhI uparyukta saba bhUleM vidyamAna haiN| premI jI kI nirabhimAnatA-maiMne 8 agasta san 1948 ke patra 5 meM zrImAna premIjI kA dhyAna isa ora AkRSTa kiyA thaa| usake uttara meM Apane 21-8-1946 ke patra meM isa prakAra likhA___ 'Apane mere jainendra-sambandhI lekha meM do nyUnatAeM batalAI, una para maiMne vicAra kiyaa| Apane jo pramANa diye, ve bilkula ThIka haiN| inake lie maiM ApakA kRtajJa hUM / yadi 'jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa' 10 ko phira chapavAne kA avasara prAyA, to ukta nyUnatAeM dUra kara dI jaayeNgii|......... isa nirabhimAnatA aura sahRdayatA ke liye maiM una kA AbhArI huuN| svargIya premajI ne 'jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa' ke dvitIya saMskaraNa meM mere sujhAvo ko svIkAra karake vArSagaNya sambandhI prakaraNa 15 nikAla diyA hai| vyAkaraNa ke anya granya AcArya devanandI viracita vyAkaraNa ke nimna grantha aura haiM 1-jainendra vyAkaraNa-isakA varNana 'pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa' nAmaka prakaraNa meM kiyA jaaygaa| 20 2-ghAtupATha 3-gaNapATha 4-liGgAnuzAsana 5-paribhASApATha, inakA varNana yathAsthAna tattat prakaraNoM meM kiyA jaaygaa| 5-zikSA-sUtra-devanandI ne prApizali pANini tathA candAcArya ke samAna zikSA-sUtroM kA bhI pravacana kiyA thA / yaha grantha upalabdha nahIM hai, parantu abhayanandI ne svIya mahAvRtti (1 / 1 / 2) meM 40 25 zikSAsUtra uddhRta kiye haiN| durvinIta (saM0 536-569 vi0) mahArAja pRthivIkoMkaNa ke dAnapatra meM likhA hai1. sisTams Apha saMskRta grAmara, pairA naM0 46 / 2. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, pRSTha 117-116. (pra0 sa0) / 30

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468 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 'zrImatkoMkaNamahArAjAdhirAjasyAvinItanAmnaH putreNa zabdAvatArakAreNa devabhAratInibaddhabRhatkathena kirAtArjunIyapaJcadazasargaTIkAkAreNa duvinItanAmadheyena . / ' __ arthAt mahArAjA duvinIta ne 'zabdAvatAra', 'saMskRta kI bRhatkathA' 5 aura kirAtArjunIya ke pandrahaveM yA pandraha sargoM kI vyAkhyA likhI thii| ___ isa se pratIta hotA hai ki mahArAjA duvinIta ne 'zabdAvatAra' nAmaka grantha likhA thA / aneka vidvAnoM kA mata hai ki yaha zabdAvatAra nAmaka grantha pANinIya vyAkaraNa kI TIkA hai| ___hama Upara likha cake haiM ki prAcArya pUjyapAda ne bhI pANinIya vyAkaraNa para 'zabdAvatAra' saMjJaka eka grantha racA thaa| mahArAja durvinIta-viracita grantha kA nAma bhI uparyukta dAnapatra meM 'zabdAvatAra' likhA hai| mahArAja duvinIta prAcArya pUjyapAda kA ziSya hai, yaha pUrva likhA 15 jA cukA hai| guru-ziSya donoM ke pANinIya vyAkaraNa para likhe grantha kA eka hI nAma hone se yaha sambhAvanA hotI hai ki AcArya pUjyapAda ne grantha likha kara apane ziSya ke nAma se pracarita kara diyA ho| 8. culli bhaTTi (saM0 700 vi0 se pUrva) culli bhaTTi viracita 'aSTAdhyAyI-vRtti kA ullekha jinendrabuddhina 2. kRta nyAsa aura usakI tantrapradIpa nAmnI TIkA meM upalabdha hotA hai| kAzikA ke prathama zloka kI vyAkhyA meM nyAsakAra likhatA hai___ 'vRttiH pANinIyasUtrANAM vivaraNaM cullibhaTTinilU rAdivira: citam / isa vacana se vyakta hotA hai ki 'culli bhaTTi' aura 'niz2ara' 25 viracita donoM vRttiyAM kAzikA se prAcIna haiN| 1. paM0 kRSNamAcAryaviracita 'hisTrI prApha klAsikala saMskRta liTarecara' pRSTha 140 meM uddhRta / 2. nyAsa bhAga 1, pRSTha /

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra tantrapradIpa 8 / 3 / 7 meM maitreya rakSita likhatA hai -- 'savyeSThA iti sArathivacano'yam / zratra cullibhaTTivRttAvapi tatpuruSe kRti bahulamityalug dRzyate / " 'harinAmAmRta' sUtra 1470 kI vRtti meM likhA hai - 'hRdayaGgamA vAgiti cullibhaTTiH / ' haradatta ne kAzikA ke prathama zloka kI vyAkhyA meM 'kuNi' kA ullekha kiyA hai / nyAsa ke uparyukta vacana kA pAThAntara 'cunni' hai / isakI 'kuNi' aura 'cuNi' donoM se samAnatA haiM / 9. nirlara (saM0 700 vi0 se pUrva ) nila ra viracita vRtti kA ullekha nyAsa ke pUrvoddhRta pATha meM 10 upalabdha hotA hai / kAzikA ke vyAkhyAtA vidyAsAgara muni ne bhI isa vRtti kA ullekha kiyA hai / ' zrIpatidatta ne 'kAtantra pariziSTa' meM niravRtti kA nimna pATha uddhRta kiyA haiM nila ravRttau coktam - bhASAyAmapi yaGlugastIti / " 2 42& puruSottamadeva apane 'jJApaka- samuccaya' meM likhatA hai -- 'tena bobhavIti iti siddhayatIti nailU rI vRttiH / " nyAsakAra aura vidyAsAgara muni ke vacanAnusAra yaha vRtti kAzikA se prAcIna hai / 15 1. nyAsa kI bhUmikA pRSTha 8 2. vRttAviti sUtrArthapradhAno grantho bhaTTanalpuraprabhRtibhirviracita...... / 20 'madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha pustakAlaya' kA sUcIpatra bhAga 3 khaNDa 1 A, pRSTha 3507, granthAGka 24e3| hastalekha ke pATha meM 'nalpUra' nizcaya hI 'nilU' ra ' kA bhraSTa pATha hai / 'bhaTTa' zabda nilUra kA vizeSaNa ho sakatA hai, phira bhI hamArA vicAra hai ki 'bhaTTa' sambhavata: 'cullibhaTTa' ke ekadeza ' bhaTTi' kA bhraSTa pATha hai / 25 3. nyAsa kI bhUmikA pRSTha 8 / mudrita pATha 'yaGa lugastIti' / sandhiprakaraNa sUtra 33 / 4. rAjazAhI baMgAla mudrita, pRSTha 87 / &

Page #537
500 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 10. cUrNi nyAsa ke sampAdaka zrIzacandra bhaTTAcArya ne zrIpatidattaviracita 'kAtantrapariziSTa' tathA jagadIza bhaTTAcArya kRta 'zabdazaktiprakAzikA' se cUNi ke do uddharaNa uddhRta kiye haiM5 matametaccUNirapyanugRhNAti' / ' 'saMyogAvayavavyaJjanasya sajAtIyasyaikasya vAnekasyoccAraNAbheda iti cUNiH' / ' ___ jagadIza bhaTTAcArya ne bhartRhari ke nAma se eka kArikA uddhRta kI hai10. hanteH karmaNyupaSTambhAt prAptumarthe tu saptamIm / caturtho bAdhikAmAhuracUNibhAgurivAgbhaTAH // isa kArikA meM bhI cUNi kA mata uddhRta haiM / yaha kArikA bhartRharikRta nahIM hai, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiM / ' ina meM 'saMyogAvayavadhyaJjanasya' uddharaNa kA samAnArthaka pATha 15 mahAbhASya meM isa prakAra upalabdha hotA hai 'na vyaJjanaparasyaikasyAnekasya vA zravaNaM prati vizeSo'sti / sambhava hai ki jagadIza bhaTTAcArya ne mahAbhASya ke abhiprAya ko apane zabdoM meM likhA ho / prAcIna granthakAra prAyaH cUrNi aura cUrNikAra ke nAma se mahAbhASya aura pataJjali kA ullekha karate haiM, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiN| cUNi ke pUrvoddhRta anya matoM kA mUla anveSaNIya hai / hameM isa nAma kI aSTAdhyAyI kI koI vRtti thI, isa meM sandeha hai| 1. kAtantrapariziSTa NatvaprakaraNa / nyAsabhUmikA pRSTha 8 / 2. zabdazaktiprakAzikA nyAsabhUmikA pRSTha / 3. zabdazaktiprakAzikA pRSTha 386 / 4. pRSTha 107, TippaNI 4 / 5. mahAbhASya 6 / 4 / 22 // 6. pRSTha 357, 358 /

Page #538
aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra 501 11-12 jayAditya aura vAmana (saM0 650-700 vi0) jayAditya aura vAmana viracita sammilita vRtti 'kAzikA' nAma se prasiddha hai| samprati upalabhyamAna pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke granthoM meM mahAbhASya aura bhartRhariviracita granthoM ke anantara yahI vRtti saba se prAcIna aura mahattvapUrNa hai / isa meM bahuta se sUtroM kI vRtti aura udAharaNa prAcIna vRttiyoM se saMgRhIta haiN|' 'kAzikA' meM aneka sthAnoM para mahAbhASya kA anukaraNa nahIM kiyA gayA, isase kAzikA kA gaurava alpa nahIM hotaa| kyoMki aise sthAnoM para granthakAroM ne prAyaH prAcIna vattiyoM kA anusaraNa kiyA hai| cInI yAtrI itsiga ne apanI bhAratayAtrA ke varNana meM jayAditya ko kAzikA kA racayitA likhA hai| usane 'vAmana' kA nirdaza nahIM kiyaa| saMskRta vAGamaya meM aneka grantha aise haiM, jinheM do-do vyaktiyoM ne milakara likhA hai parantu una ko uddhRta karanevAle granthakAra kisI eka vyakti ke nAma se hI sampUrNa grantha ke pATha uddhRta karate haiN|' yathA skanda aura mahezvara ne milakara nirukta kI TIkA likhI, parantu 15 devarAja ne samagra grantha ke uddharaNa skanda ke nAma se hI udadhata kiye haiM, mahezvara kA kahIM smaraNa bhI nahIM kiyA / sambhava hai ki isI prakAra itsiga ne bhI kevala jayAditya kA nAma lenA paryApta samajhA ho| 'bhASAvRttyartha vivRti' ke racayitA sRSTidharAcArya ne bhI bhASAvRtti ke antima zloka kI vyAkhyA meM kAzikA ko jayAditya viracita hI 20 likhA hai, parantu dhyAna rahe ki AThavAM adhyAya vAmanaviracita hai| 25 1 kAzikA 4 / 2 / 100 kI vRtti mahAbhASya se viruddha hai| kAzikAvRtti kI puSTi cAndrasUtra 3 / 2 / 16 se hotI hai / ataH donoM kA mUla aSTAdhyAyI kI koI prAcIta vRtti rahI hogii| .2 itsiga kI bhAratayAtrA, pRSTha 266 / 3. nirukta 731 kI mahezvaraviracita TIkA ko devarAja ne skanda ke nAma se uddhRta kiyA hai| dekho-nighaNTIkA, pRSTha 162 / isI prakAra anyatra bhii| 4. kAzayati prakAzayati sUtrArthamiti kAzikA, jayAdityaviracitA vRttiH / 8 / 46 //

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa- zAstra kA itihAsa 'kAzikA' kI saba se prAcIna vyAkhyA jinendrabuddhi viracita 'kAzikA vivaraNapaJjikA' hai / vaiyAkaraNa-nikAya meM yaha 'nyAsa' nAma se prasiddha hai / yaha vyAkhyA jayAditya aura vAmana kI sammilita vRtti para hai / 502 jayAditya aura vAmana ke grantha kA vibhAga paM0 bAlazAstrI dvArA sampAdita kAzikA meM prathama cAra adhyAyoM ke anta meM jayAditya kA nAma chapA hai, aura zeSa cAra zravyAyoM ke anta meM vAmana kA / hari dIkSita ne 'prauDhamanoramA' kI zabdaratna vyAkhyA meM prathama dvitIya paJcama tathA SaSTha adhyAya ko jayAditya10 viracita, aura zeSa adhyAyoM ko vAmanakRta likhA hai / prAcIna granthakAroM ne jayAditya aura vAmana ke nAma se kAzikA ke jo uddharaNa diye haiM, una se vidita hotA hai ki prathama pAMca adhyAya jayAdityaviracita haiM, aura zrantima tIna vAmanakRta / jayAditya ke nAma se kAzikA ke uddharaNa nimna granthoM meM upalabdha 15 hote haiM adhyAya 1 - bhASAvRtti pRSTha 18, 26 / padamaJjarI bhAga 1, pRSTha 252 / bhASAvRttyarthaM vivRtti ke prArambha meM / adhyAya 2- bhASAvRtti pRSTha 8 / padamaJjarI bhAga 2, pRSTha 652 / 20 adhyAya 3 - padamaJjarI bhAga 2, pRSTha 662 / amaraTIkA sarvasva bhAga 4, pRSTha 10 / paribhASAvRtti sIradevakRta, pRSTha 81 / adhyAya 4 - amaraTIkA sarvasva bhAga 1, pRSTha 138 / bhASAvRtti - pRSTha 243, 254 / , adhyAya 5 - bhASAvRtti pRSTha 266, 310, 324, 328, 335, 25 342, 352, 362, 366 / padamaJjarI bhAga 2, pRSTha 386, 891 / aSTAGgahRdaya kI sarvAGgasundarA TIkA, pRSTha 3 / ' 1. prathama dvitIyapaJjamaSaSThA jayAdityakRtavRttayaH itare vAmanakRtavRttaya bhaktAH / bhAga 1, pRSTha 504 / 2. zradhyAyanuvAkayorityAdI sUtra vikalpena cAyaM lugiSyata iti jagAda - jayAdityaH / 30

Page #540
aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra 503 vAmana ke nAma se kAzikA ke uddharaNa adholikhita granthoM meM milate haiM adhyAya 6-bhASAvRtti pRSTha 418, 420, 482 / padamaJjarI bhAga 2, pRSTha 42, 632 // adhyAya 7-sIradevakRta paribhASAvRtti pRSTha 8, 24 / padamaJjarI 5 bhAga 2, pRSTha 386 / adhyAya 8-bhASAvRtti pRSTha 543, 556 / padamaJjarI bhAga 1, pRSTha 624 / kAzikA kI zailI kA sUkSma dRSTi se paryavekSaNa karane se bhI yahI , pariNAma nikalatA hai ki prathama pAMca adhyAya jayAditya kI racanA hai, 10 aura antima tIna adhyAya bAmanakRta haiM / jayAditya kI apekSA vAmana kA lekha adhika praur3ha hai| jayAditya kA kAla itsiga ke lekhAnusAra jayAditya kI mRtyu vi0 saM0 718 ke lagabhaga huI thii|' yadi itsiMga kA lekha aura usakI bhAratayAtrA kA 15 mAnA huA kAla ThIka ho, to yaha jayAditya kI, carama sImA hogii| kAzikA 1 / 3 / 23 meM bhAravi kA eka padyAMza uddhRta hai| mahArAja duvinIta ne kirAta ke, 15 veM sarga kI TIkA likhI thii| duvinIta kA rAjyakAla saM 536-566 vi0 taka hai, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiN| ataH bhAravi saM0 536 vi0 se pUrvavartI hai, yaha nizcaya hai| 20 yaha kAzikA kI pUrva sImA hai| 10-, vAmana kA kAla saMskRta vAGmaya meM vAmana nAma ke aneka vidvAn prasiddha haiM / eka vamina "vizrAntavidyAdhara' saMjJaka jane vyAkaraNa kA kartA hai| dUsarA TRE 1. 'itsiga kI bhAratayAtrA, 'pRSTha 270 / 2. saMzayya karNAdiSu tiSThate yH|' tirAta 3 // 14 // / 3. dekho pUrva pRSTha 498 / 4. dekho-pUrva pRSTha 461 / 5. vAmano vizrAntavidyAdharavyAkaraNakartA / gaNaratnamahodadhi, pRSTha 2 /

Page #541
504 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 'alaGkArazAstra' kA racayitA hai, aura tIsarA 'liGgAnuzAsana' kA nirmAtA hai| ye saba pRthak-pRthaka vyakti haiN| kAzikA kA racayitA vAmana ina saba se bhinna vyakti hai / isameM nimna hetu haiM bhASAvRttikAra puruSottadeva ne kAzikA maura bhAgavRtti ke aneka pATha sAtha-sAtha udhata kiye haiN| una kI tulanA se vyakta hotA hai ki bhAgavRttikAra sthAna-sthAna para kAzikA kA khaNDana karatA hai / yathA 1. sAhAyyamityapi brAhmaNAditvAditi jayAdityaH, neti bhAgavRttiH' / ' 2. 'kathamadyazvIno viyogaH ? vijAyata ityasyAnuvRtteriti 1. jayAdityaH / strIliGganirdezAdupamAnasyApyasaMbhavAnnaitaditi bhAgavRttiH ' / 3. 'iha samAnasyeti yogavibhAgaH, tena sapakSasadharmasajAtIyAH siddhayantIti vAmanavRttiH / anArSo'yaM yogavibhAgaH, tathAAvyayAnAma nekArthatvAt sadRzArthasya sahazabdasyate prayogAH kathaMnAma samAnapakSa 15 ityAdayo'pi bhavantIti bhAgavRttiH' / ' 4. dRzigrahaNAdiha pUruSo nAraka ityAdAvanyayaM dIrgha iti vaamnvRttiH| anenottarapade vidhAnAdaprAptiriti pUruSAdayo dIrghopadezA eva saMjJAzabdA iti bhAgavRttiH / ___ ina meM prathama do uddharaNoM meM jayAditya kA, aura tRtIya caturtha meM vAmanavRtti kA khaNDana hai| bhAgavRtti kA kAla vikrama saMvat 702705 taka hai. yaha hama anupada likheMge / tanusAra vAmana kA kAla vi0 saM0 700 se pUrva mAnanA hogaa| 'alaGkArazAstra' aura 'liGgAnuzAsana' ke praNetA vAmana kA kAla vikrama kI navama zatAbdI / 'vizrAntavidyAdhara' kA kartA vAmana vikrama saMvat 375 athavA 573 25 se pUrvabhAvI hai| yaha hama Age sapramANa likheNge| pratA kAzikAkAra 20 1. bhASAvRtti, pRSTha 310 / 2. bhASAvRtti, pRSTha 314 / 3. bhASAvRtti, pRSTha 420 / 4. bhASAvRtti, pRSTha 427 / 5. kanhaiyAlAla poddAra kRta 'saMskRta sAhitya kA itihAsa,' bhAga 1 pRSTha 153 / tathA vAmanIya liGgAnuzAsana kI bhUmikA / 6. 'pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa' nAmaka 17 veM adhyAya meM / 30

Page #542
505 aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra vAmana ina saba se bhinna vyakti hai / usa kA kAla vikrama kI saptama zatAbdI hai| kannaDa paJcatantra aura jayAditya vAmana 5-kannaDabhASA meM durgasiMha kRta eka paJcatantra hai / usakA mUla vasubhAga bhaTTa kA pATha hai| usameM nimna pATha hai 'guptavaMza vasudhAdhIzAvalI rAjadhAnIyan ujjaini-yannaidi ....."guptAnvaya jaladhara mArga yabhasti mAliyu, vAmana-jayAdityapramukha mukhakamalavinirgata sUktimuktAvalI maNI-kuNDala-maNDitakarNana ......"vikramAGkanaM sAhasAGkam' / ' isa pATha meM vAmana ne jayAditya ko guptavaMzIya vikrama sAhasAGka 10 kA samakAlika kahA hai| e. veGkaTa subhiyA ke anusAra yaha durgasiMha IsA kI 11 voM zatI kA' hai / akhila bhAratIya prAcyavidyA pariSad (pAla iNDiyA oriyaNTala kAnphreMsa) nAgapura, pRSTha 151 para ke. TI. pANDuraMga kA mallinAtha kRta TIkA para eka lekha chapA hai| inakA mata hai ki kannaDa 15 paJcatantra kA kartA durgasiMha 'kAtantra vRttikAra' durgasiha hI hai|' hamAre vicAra meM yaha durgasiMha 'kAtantravRttikAra' nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki vaha kAzikAkAra se prAcIna hai, yaha hama kAtantra ke prakaraNa meM sapramANa likheMge / hAM, yaha 'kAtantra-durgavRtti' kA TIkAkAra dvitIya durgasiMha ho sakatA hai / kAtantra para likhane vAle do durgasiMha pRthak- 20 pRthak haiM / isakA bhI hama usI prakaraNa meM pratipAdana kareMge / __ kannaDa paJcatantra meM jayAditya aura vAmana ko guptavaMzIya vikramAGka sAhasAMGka kA samakAlika kahA hai| yaha guptavaMzIya candragupta dvitIya hai / pAzcAttya matAnusAra isa kA kAla vi0 saM0 467470 taka mAnA jAtA hai| yahI vikrama saMvat kA pravartaka hai| yadi 25 durjanasantoSa nyAsa se candragupta dvitIya kA pAzcAttya matAnusArI 1. pAla iDiNyA aori0 kAnphreMsa, maisUra, disambara 1635, mudraNa san 1937 / 2. paM0 bhagavaddatta kRta bhAratavarSa kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga 2, pRSTha 324 ke AdhAra pr|

Page #543
5 " as paJcatantra meM jayAditya aura vAmana ke dvArA kahI gaI sUktimuktAvaliyoM kI ora saMketa hai| 'subhASitAvali' meM jayAditya aura vAmana donoM ke subhASita saMgRhIta haiM / ataH isa aMza meM kannaDa paJcatantrakAra kA lekha nizcaya hI prAmANika hai / isa AdhAra para usa ke dvitIya aMza kI prAmANikatA meM sandeha karanA svayaM sandehAspada 10% ho jAtA hai / 506 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kAla bhI svIkAra kara liyA jAya, to bhI 'kAzikA' kA kAla vikra mAbda kI caturtha zatI kA madhya mAnanA hogA / yadi kannaDa paJcatantra kA lekhaka pramANAntara se aura paripuSTa ho jAe, to itsiMga Adi cInI yAtriyoM ke kAle tathA varNana meM bhArI saMzodhana karanA hogA / 25 30 kAzikA aura zizupAlavadha mAgha - viracita 'zizupAlavadha' meM eka zloka haiC "anutsUtrapadenyAsA sadvRttiH sannibandhanA / zabdavidyeva no bhAti rAjanItirapaspazA // ' 15 isa zloka meM 'sadvRtti' pada se kAzikA kI ora saMketa hai, aisA kucha vidvAnoM kA mata hai / zizupAlavadha ke TIkAkAra 'sadvRtti' aura 'nyAsa' pada se kAzikA aura jinendrabuddhi viracita nyAsa kA saMketa mAnate haiM / usI ke AdhAra para nyAsa ke saMpAdaka zrIzacandra bhaTTAcArya ne mAgha kA kAla 800 I0 ( = 857 vi0) mAnA hai, vaha prayukta 20 hai / mAgha kavi ke pitAmaha ke AzrayadAtA mahArAja varmalAta kA saM0 682 ( = san 625) kA eka zilAlekha milA hai / " sIradeva ke lekhAnusAra bhAgavRttikAra ne mAgha ke kucha prayogoM ko apazabda mAnA hai / 'bhAgavRtti kI racanA saM0 702-705 ke madhya huI hai, yaha prAyaH 8 2. dekho - nyAsa kI bhUmikA, pRSTha 26 / - 1. 2 / 112 // 3. dekho - vasantagar3ha kA zilAlekha - 'dvirazItyadhike kAle SaSNAM varSazatottare jaganmAturidaM sthAnaM sthApitaM goSThapuraM gavaiH // 11 // 4 zrata eva tatraiva sUtre ( 1 1/27 ) bhAgavRttiH - purAtanamunermu nitAm ( kirAta 6 16 ) iti purAtanarnadI: ( mAgha 12 / 60 ) iti ca pramAdapAThAveto gatAnugatikatayA kavayaH prayuJjate, na teSAM lakSaNaM cakSuH / paribhASAvRtti, pRSTha 137 /

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'aSTAdhyAyI ke buttikAra 507 nizcita hai / ataH zizupAlavadha ko samaya saM0 682-700 vi0 ke madhya mAnanA hogA / dhAtuvRttikAra sAryaNa ke matAnusAra kAzikA kI racanA zizupAla-vadha se uttarakAlIna hai| ataH usake sadvRtti zabda kA saMketa kAzikA kI ora nahIM hai| ... ... - prAcInakAla meM 'nyAsa' nAma ke aneka grantha vidyamAna the / bhartR- 5 'harivira cita 'mahAbhASyadIpikA' meM bhI eka nyAsa uddhRta hai / ataH mAgha ne kisa nyAsa kI ora saMketa kiyA hai, yaha ajJAta hai| jayAditya aura vAmana kI sampUrNa vRttiyAM jinendrabuddhiviracita 'kAzikAviraNapaJcikA' jayAditya aura vAmana viracita sammilita vRttiyoM para hai / parantu nyAsa meM jayAditya 10 aura vAmana ke kaI aise pATha uddhRta haiM, jinase vidita hotA hai ki jayAditya aura vAmana donoM ne sampUrNa aSTAdhyAyI para pRthakpRthak vRttiyAM racI thiiN| nyAsa ke jina pAThoM se aisI pratIti hotI hai, ve adholikhita haiM 1. 'glAjisthazca (aSTA0 3 / 2 / 139) ityatra jayAdityavRttau 15 grantha " / zraya kaH kiti (aSTA0 7 / 2 / 11) ityatrApi jayAdityavRttau . granthaH-kAro'pyatra carvabhUto nirdizyate bhUSNurityatra yathA syAditi / vAmanasya tvetat sarvamanabhimatam / tathAhi tasyaiva sUtrasya (aSTA0 7 / 1 / 11) tadviracitAyAM vRttau granthaH kecidtr| ___ ina uddharaNa meM nyAsakAra ne aSTAdhyAyI 712 / 11 sUtra kI jayA- . ditya aura vAmana viracita donoM vRttiyoM kA pATha uddhRta kiyA hai| dhyAna rahe ki jinendrabuddhi ne saptamAdhyAya kA nyAsa vAmanavRtti para racA hai| :: nyAsakAra 3 / 1133 meM punaH likhatA hai 1. 'kramAdamu nArada itya bodhi saH' iti mAghe sakarmakatvaM vRttikArAdInAma- 25 nabhimatameva / dhAtuvRtti, pRSTha'267 kAzI sNskrnn| ..... 2. mahAbhASyadIpikA uddharaNAGka 36, dekho-pUrva pRSTha 415 / --- 3. tulanA karo-nyAsa 3 / 2 / 136 // 4. nyAsa 111 // 5 // pRSTha 47, 48'

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508 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 2. nAsti virodhaH, bhinnakartRtvAt / idaM hi jayAdityavacanam, tatpunarvAminasya / vAmanavRttau (331 / 33) tAsisicorikAra uccAraNArtho nAnubandhaH ptthyte| nyAsakAra ne isa uddharaNa meM aSTAdhyAyI 3 // 1 // 33 kI vAmanavRtti 5 kA pATha uddhRta kiyA hai| dhyAna rahe tRtIyAdhyAya kA nyAsa jayAdityavRtti para hai| Age punaH likhatA hai3. anityatvaM tu pratipAdayiSyate (pra. 6 / 4 / 22) jayAdityena / ' 4. nyAsakAra 3 / 1178 para bhI jayAditya viracita 6 / 4 / 23 kI 10 vRtti uddhRta karatA hai| ____ ina se vyakta hotA hai ki jayAditya ko vRtti SaSThAdhyAya para bhI thii| 5. haradattaviracita padamaJjarI 6 / 1 / 13 (pRSTha 428) se vidita hotA. hai ki vAmana ne caturtha adhyAya para vRtti likhI thii| nyAsakAra aura haradatta ke uparyukta uddharaNoM se spaSTa hai ki jayAditya aura vAmana donoM ne sampUrNa aSTAdhyAyI para pRthaka-pRthak vRttiyAM racI thI, aura nyAsakAra tathA haradatta ke kAla taka ve suprANya thiiN| jayAditya aura vAmana kI vRttiyoM kA sammizraNa hama pUrva likha cuke haiM ki vartamAna meM kAzikA kA jo saMskaraNa milatA hai, usameM prathama pAMca adhyAya jayAditya viracita haiM, aura antima tIna adhyAya vAmanakRta / jinendrabuddhi ne apanI nyAsavyAkhyA donoM kI sammilita vRtti para racI hai| donoM vRttiyoM kA sammizraNa kyoM aura kaba huA, yaha ajJAta hai| 'bhASAvRtti' Adi meM 'bhAgavRtti' 25 ke jo uddharaNa upalabdha hote haiM, una meM jayAditya aura vAmana kI 2. nyAsa 3 / 1 / 33 pRSTha 524 / 2. nyAsa 3 // 1 // 33 // pRSTha 524 /

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aSTAdhyAyo ke vRttikAra . 506 saMmizrita vRttiyoM kA khaNDana upalabdha hotA hai / ' ataH yaha sammizraNa bhAgavRtti banane (vi0 saM0 700) se pUrva ho cukA thA, yaha nizcita hai| kAzikA kA racanA-sthAna kAzikA ke vyAkhyAtA haradatta mizra aura rAmadeva mizra ne likhA 5 'kAzikA dezato'bhidhAnam, kAzISu bhavA' / ' arthAt 'kAzikA vRtti' kI racanA kAzI meM huI thii| ujjavala datta aura bhASAvRttyarthavivRttikAra sRSTidhara kA bhI yahI mata hai / kAzikA ke nAmAntara kAzikA ke liye ekavRtti aura prAcInavRtti zabdoM kA vyavahAra milatA hai / ekavRtti nAma kA kAraNa-kAzikA kI pratidvandvinI 'bhAgavRtti' nAma kI eka vRtti thI (isakA anupada hI varNana kiyA jaaygaa)| usa meM pANinIya sUtroM ko laukika aura vaidika do vibhAgoM meM bAMTa 15 kara bhAgazaH vyAkhyA kI gaI thI / kAzikA meM pANinIya kramAnusAra laukika vaidika sUtroM kI yathAsthAna vyAkhyA kI gaI hai| isalie bhAgavRtti kI pratidvandvitA meM 'kAzikA' ke lie ekavRtti zabda kA vyavahAra hotA hai| 1. dekho-hamArA 'bhAgavRtti saMkalana' pRSTha 21, 23, 24 ityAdi, 20 lAhaura sNskrnn| 2, padamaJjarI bhAga 1, pRSTha 4 / tathA vRttipradIpa ke prArambha meM / 3. uNAdivRtti pRSTha 173 // 4. bhASAvRttiTIkA 8 / 2 / 67 // 5. anArSa ityekavRttAvupayuktam / bhASAvRtti 1 / 1 / 16 // 6. goyIcandra likhatA hai- prata eva bhASAbhAge bhAgavRttikRt..." ze 25 iti sUtra chando bhAgaH / vizeSa dra0-oriyaNTala kAnphreMsa vArANasI san 1943-44 ke lekha-saMgraha meM esa. pI. bhaTTAcArya kA lekh| 7. ekavRttau sAdhAraNavRttI vaidika laukike ca vivaraNe ityarthaH / ekavRttAviti kAzikAyAM vRttAvityarthaH / sRSTighara / bhASAvRtti pRSTha 5, Ti0 8 /

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510 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kAzikA-vRtti kA mahattva kAzikA-vRtti vyAkaraNazAstra kA atyanta mahattvapUrNa grantha hai| isa meM nimna vizeSatAeM haiM 1-kAzikA se prAcIna kuNi Adi vRttiyoM meM gaNapATha nahIM 5 thaa|' isameM gaNapATha kA yathAsthAna sanniveza hai| 2-kAzikA kI prAcIna vilupta vRttiyoM aura granthakAroM ke aneka mata isa grantha meM uddhRta haiM, jinakA anyatra ullekha nahIM miltaa| 3-isameM aneka satroM kI vyAkhyA prAcIna vattiyoM ke AdhAra 10 para likhI hai / ataH unase prAcIna vRttiyoM ke sUtrArtha jAnane meM paryApta sahAyatA milatI hai| ___ kAzikA meM jahAM-jahAM mahAbhASya se virodha hai, vahAM-vahAM kAzikAkAra kA lekha prAyaH prAcIna vRttiyoM ke anusAra hai / Adhunika vaiyAkaraNa mahAbhASyaviruddha hone se unheM heya samajhate haiM, yaha unakI 15 mahatI bhUla hai| 4-kAzikAntargata udAraNa-pratyudAharaNa prAyaH prAcIna vRttiyoM ke anusAra haiN| jina se aneka prAcIna aitihAsika tathyoM kA jJAna hotA hai| 5-yaha grantha sAmpradAyika prabhAva se bhI mukta hai / sAre grantha meM 20 kevala 2-3 udAharaNa hI aise hai, jinheM kathaMcit sAmpradAyika kahA jA sakatA hai| 1. vRttyantareSu sUtrANyeva vyAkhyAyante .....vRttyantareSu tu gaNapATha eva nAsti / padamaJjarI bhAga 1, pRSTha 4 / / 2. dekho-oriyaNTala kAleja megajIna lAhaura navambara 1936 meM hamArA mahAbhASya se prAcIna aSTAdhyAyI kI sUtravRttiyoM kA svarUpa' lekha / 3, apacitaparimANaH zRgAla: kikhI / aprasiddhodAharaNaM cirantana prayogAt / padamaJjarI 2 / 1 / 5 / / mudrita kAzikA meM sadRzaM sakhyA sasakhi' pATha hai| vahAM 'sadRzaM kikhyA sakikhi' pATha honA cAhie / punaH likhA hai-avata. ptenakulasthitaM tavaitaditi cirantanaprayogaH, sasyArthamAha' padamaJjarI 21 // 47 //

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aSTAdhyAyo ke vattikAra 511 bhaTToji dIkSita Adi ne jahAM apane granthoM meM naye-naye udAharaNa dekara prAcona aitihAsika nirdezoM ko lopa kara diyA, vahAM sAtha hI sAmpradAyika udAharaNoM kA bAhulyena nirdeza kara ke pANinIya zAstra ko bhI sAmpradAyika rUpa meM prastuta karane kI ceSTA kii| kAzikA kA pATha ___ kAzikA ke jitane saMskaraNa isa samaya upalabdha hai, ve saba mahA azuddha haiM / itane mahattvapUrNa grantha ke prAmANika parizuddha saMskaraNa kA prakAzita na honA atyanta dukha kI bAta hai|' kAzikA meM pAThoM kI . avyavasthA prAcIna kAla se hI rahI hai / nyAsakAra kAzikA 11115 kI vyAkhyA meM likhatA hai*." "an tUlarasUtre kaNitAzvo raNitAzva ityanantaramanena granthena bhavitavyam, iha tu duvinyastakAkapadajanitabhrAntibhiH kulekhakailikhitamiti vrnnynti'|' nyAsa aura padamaJjarI meM kAzikA ke aneka pAThAntara uddhRta kiye haiN| kAzikA kA isa samaya jo pATha upalabdha hotA hai, vaha 15 atyanta bhraSTa hai| 6 / 1 / 174 ke pratyudAharaNa kA pATha isa prakAra chapA hai'halpUrvAditi kim bahunAvA brAhmaNyA' / isakA zuddha pATha 'bAhutitavA brAhmaNyA' hai / kAzikA meM aise pATha bhare par3e haiM / isa vRtti ke mahattva ko dekhate hue isake zuddha saMskaraNa 20 kI mahatI AvazyakatA hai| navIna saMskaraNa-'usmAniyA vizvavidyAlaya' haidarAbAda kI 'saMskRta pariSad' dvArA aneka hastalekhoM ke AdhAra para kAzikA kA .eka nayA saMskaraNa chapA hai| yaha apekSAkRta pUrva saMskaraNoM se uttama hai / tathApi sampAdakoM ke vaiyAkaraNa na hone se isa meM bhI bahuta sthAnoM 25 para apapATha vidyamAna haiN| jisa viSaya ke grantha kA sampAdana karanA ho, 1. abhI kucha varSa pUrva 'usmAniyA vizvavidyAlaya haidarAbAda' se isakA eka nayA saMskaraNa prakAzita huA hai| usake sambandha meM Age dekheM / 2. nyAsa bhAga 1, pATha 46 /

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512 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra jhA itihAsa usameM yadi yathAvat gati na ho, to grantha kabhI zuddha sampAdita nahIM ho sakatA / isI prakAra pAzcAttya sampAdana kalA se anabhijJa tadviSayaka vidvAn bhI yathAvat sampAdana nahIM kara sakatA / sampAdana- kArya ke liye donoM bAtoM kA sAmaJjasya honA cAhiye / kAzikA ke pAThazodhana kA prathama prayAsa - zrI bahina prajJAkumArI prAcAryA 'jijJAsu smAraka pANini kanyA mahAvidyAlaya, vArANasI ne 'vidyAvAridhi (pIeca DI ) kI upAdhi ke lie 'kAzikAyAH samIkSAtmakam zradhyayanam' zodha-prabandha meM kAzikAvRtti ke bahutara papAThoM ke saMzodhana karane kA prathamavAra stutya prayAsa kiyA hai| 10 yaha zodha prabandha abhI taka aprakAzita hai / kAzikAvRtti para zodha-prabandha 15 kAzikAvRtti para aneka vyaktiyoM ne zodha-prabandha likhe haiM / kucha kA kAzikA se sIdhA sambandha hai, kucha paramparA se / ina meM jo hameM upalabdha hue haiM ve isa prakAra haiM 1 - kAzikAyAH samIkSAtmakamadhyayanam - DA0 zrI prajJAkumArI lekhanakAla san 1666, pramudrita / 2 - kAzikA kA alocanAtmaka adhyayana-DA0 raghuvIrA vedAlaMkAra / san 1977, mudrita / 3 - kAzikAvRttivaiyAkaraNasiddhAntakaumudayoH tulanAtmakamadhya20 yanam - DA0 mahezadatta zarmA | san 1974 mudrita / 4 - nyAsa paryAlocana - DA0 bhImasena zAstrI / san 1676, mudrita / 5 - padamaJjaryA paryAlocanam - tIrtharAja tripAThI / 1981 mudrita / 6 - candravRtteH samAlocanAtmakamadhyayanam - DA0 harSanAtha mizra / 25 san 1674, mudrita / inameM se prathama tIna granthoM kA kAzikA ke sAtha pratyakSa sambandha haiM / saMkhyA 4-5 kA kAzikA kI vyAkhyA nyAsa aura padamaJjarI ke sAtha, tathA saMkhyA 6 kA parokSarUpa se sambandha hai /

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra kAzikA ke vyAkhyAkAra jayAditya aura vAmana viracita kAzikAvRtti para aneka vaiyAkaraNoM ne vyAkhyAeM likhI haiN| unakA varNana hama agale adhyAya meM kareMge / 65 513 13. bhAgavRttikAra (saM0 702-706 vi0 ) aSTAdhyAyI kI vRttiyoM meM kAzikA ke anantara 'bhAgavRtti' kA sthAna hai / yaha vRtti isa samaya anupalabdha hai / isake lagabhaga do sau uddharaNa padamaJjarI bhASAvRtti, durghaTavRtti aura amaraTIkA sarvasva Adi vibhinna granthoM meM upalabdha hote haiN| puruSottamadeva kI bhASA- 10 vRtti ke antima zloka se jJAta hotA hai ki yaha vRtti kAzikA ke samAna prAmANika mAnI jAtI thii|' bar3odA se prakAzita kavIndrAcArya' ke sUcIpatra meM 'bhAgavRtti' kA nAma milatA hai / bhaTToji dIkSita ne zabdakaustubha aura siddhAntakaumudI meM bhAgavRtti ke aneka uddharaNa diye haiN| isase pratIta hotA haiM ki 15 vikrama kI 16 vIM 17 vIM zatAbdI taka bhAgavRtti ke hastalekha suprApya the / bhAgavRtti kA racayitA 'bhAgavRtti' ke vyAkhyAtA 'sRSTidhara cakravartI' ne likhA hai 1. kAzikAbhAgavRttyozcat siddhAntaM boddhumasti dhIH / tadA vicintyatAM bhrAtarbhASAvRttiriyaM mama // 3. dekho - pRSTha 3 / 4. siddhAnta kaumudI pRSTha 366, kAzI caukhambA, mUla saMskaraNa / 20 2. kavIndrAcArya kAzI kA rahanevAlA thaa| isakI janmabhUmi godAvarI taTa kA koI grAma thA / yaha paramparAgata RRgvedI brAhmaNa thA / isane vedavedAGgoM kA samyag abhyAsa karake saMnyAsa grahaNa kiyA thA / isane kAzI aura prayAga ko musalamAnoM ke jajiyA kara se mukta karAyA thA / dekho - kavIndrAcArya viracita 'kavIndrakalpadruma,' iNDiyA aphisa landana kA sUcIpatra, pRSTha 3647 / kandrAcArya kA samaya lagabhaga vi0 saM0 1650-1750 taka hai / 25

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514 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 'bhAgavRttibhartRhariNA zrIdharasenanarendrAdiSTA viracitA' / ' ___ isa uddharaNa se vidita hotA hai ki valabhI ke rAjA zrIdharasena kI AjJA se bhartRhari ne bhAgavRtti kI racanA kI thii| 'kAtantrapariziSTa' kA racayitA zrIpatidatta sandhisUtra 142 para 5 likhatA hai 'tathA ca bhAgavattikRtA vimalamatinApyevaM nipaatitH|' isa se pratIta hotA hai ki bhAgavRtti ke racayitA kA nAma 'vimalamati' thaa| paM0 gurupada hAladAra ne sRSTighara ke vacana ko aprAmANika mAnA 10 hai / parantu hamArA vicAra hai ki sRSTidharAcArya aura zrIpatidatta donoM ke lekha ThIka haiM, ina meM paraspara virodha nahIM hai / yathA kavisamAja meM aneka kaviyoM kA kAlidAsa aupAdhika nAma hai, usI prakAra vaiyAkaraNanikAya meM aneka utkRSTa vaiyAkaraNoM kA bhartRhari aupAdhika nAma rahA hai| vimalamati granthakAra kA mukhya nAma hai, aura 15 bhartRhari usa kI aupAdhika saMjJA hai / bhaTi ke kartA kA bhartRhari aupAdhika nAma thaa| yaha hama pUrva pRSTha 366 para likha cuke haiM / vimalamati bauddha sampradAya kA prasiddha vyakti hai| esa. pI. bhaTTAcArya kA vicAra hai ki bhAgavatti kA racayitA sambhavataH indu thaa| hamAre mata meM yaha vicAra cintya hai / bhAgavRtti kA kAla sRSTidharAcArya ne likhA hai ki 'bhAgavRtti' kI racanA mahArAja zrIdharasena kI AjJA se huI thI / valabhI ke rAjakula meM zrIdharasena nAma ke cAra rAjA hue haiM, jinakA rAjyakAla saM0 557-705 vi0 taka mAnA jAtA hai / isa 'bhAgavRtti' meM sthAna-sthAna para kAzikA kA khaNDana upalabdha hotA hai / isa se spaSTa hai ki 'bhAgavRtti' kI racanA kAzikA ke anantara huI hai / kAzikA kA nirmANakAla lagabhaga saM0 1. bhASAvRttyarthavivRti 81167 // 2. pAla iNDiyA proriyanTala kAnphreMsa 1943 // 1644 (banArasa) meM bhAgavRtti-viSayaka lekh| 3. bhAgavRtti-saMkalana 5 // 1325 // 2 // 13 // 6 / 3 / 14 / /

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra 515 650-700 vi0 taka hai, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiM / caturtha zrIdharasena kA rAjyakAla saM0 702-705 taka hai / ataH bhAgavRtti kA nirmANa caturtha zrIdharasena kI prAjJA se huprA hogaa| ___ nyAsa ke sammAdaka ne bhAgavRtti kA kAla san 625 I0 (saM0 682 vi0), aura kAzikA kA san 650 I0 (=saM0 707 vi0) 5 mAnA hai,' arthAt bhAgavRtti kA nirmANa kAzikA se pUrva svIkAra kiyA hai, vaha ThIka nahIM hai| isI prakAra zrI paM0 gurupada hAladAra ne bhAgavRtti kI racanA navama zatAbdI meM mAnI hai, vaha bhI azuddha hai| vastutaH bhAgavRtti kI racanA vi0 saM0 702-705 ke madhya huI hai, yaha pUrva vivecanA se spaSTa hai / / ___ kAzikA aura bhAgavRtti hama pUrva likha cuke haiM ki 'bhAgavRtti' meM kAzikA kA sthAnasthAna para khaNDana upalabdha hotA hai| donoM vRttiyoM meM paraspara mahAn antara hai / isa kA pradhAna kAraNa yaha hai ki kAzikAkAra mahAbhASya ko ekAnta pramANa na mAnakara aneka sthAnoM meM prAcIna vRttikAroM ke 15 matAnusAra vyAkhyA karatA hai| ataH usakI vRtti meM aneka sthAnoM meM mahAbhASya se virodha upalabdha hotA hai| bhAgavRttikAra mahAbhASya ko pUrNatayA pramANa mAnatA hai| isa kAraNa vaha vaiyAkaraNa-sampradAya meM aprasiddha zabdoM kI kalpanA karane se bhI nahIM cuuktaa|' __ bhAgavRtti ke uddharaNa bhAgavRtti ke 198 uddharaNa abhI taka hameM 37 granthoM meM upalabdha hue haiM / ina meM 24 grantha mudrita, 6 grantha amudrita, tathA 4 lekhasaMgraha, hastalekha, sUcIpatrAdi haiM / ve isa prakAra haiM mudrita grantha 1. mahAbhASyapradIpa-kaiyaTa 2. mahAbhASyapradIpodyota-nAgeza 25 1. nyAsa-bhUmikA, pRSTha 26 / * 2. 'lolUya+san' isa avasthA meM bhAgavRtti 'lulolUyiSati' rUpa mAnatA hai| vaha likhatA hai- 'pranabhyAsagrahaNasya na tu kiJcit prayojanamuktam / tata. zcottarArthamapi tanna bhavatIti bhASyakArasyAbhiprAyo lkssyte| tenAtra bhavitavyaM dvivaMcanena / padamaJjarI 6 / 1 / 6, pRSTha 426 para uddhRta / 20 3 .

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa 516 3. padamaJjarI - haradatta 4. bhASAvRtti - puruSottamadeva 5. durghaTavRtti-zaraNadeva 6. daiva- puruSakAropeta 5 7. paribhASAvRtti sIradeva 8. paribhASAvRtti - puruSottamadeva 6. uNAdivRtti - zvetavanavAsI 10. uNAdivRtti - ujjvaladatta 11. dhAtuvRtti-sAyaNa 15. vyAkaraNasiddhAntasudhAnidhi - vizvezvara sUri 16. saMkSiptasAra - jumaranandIvRtti 17. saMkSiptasAra TIkA 18. kAtantra pariziSTa- zrIpatidatta 16. harinAmAmRtavyAkaraNa 20. nAnArthArNavasaMkSepa - kezava 21. amaraTIkA sarvasva - sarvAnanda 22. hetuvinduTI kAloka - durveka mizra 10 12. jJApakasamuccaya- puruSottamadeva 23. zabdazaktiprakAzikA 13. siddhAntakaumudI - bhaTTojidIkSita 24. vyAkaraNadarzane ritihAsa - 14. prakriyAkaumudI - saTIka gurupadahAladAra hastalikhita grantha 25. tantrapradIpa - maitreya rakSita 30. saMkSiptasAra pariziSTa 15 26. amaraTIkA - prajJAtakartRka 31. kAtantrapradIpavyAkhyA- puNDarIka 27. amaraTIkA-rAyamukuTa vidyAsAgara 32. tattvacandrikA gardAsiMha 33. bhASAvRttyarthavivRti-sRSTidharAcArya sahAyaka grantha 20 34. oriyaNTala kAnphreMsa banArasa - lekha saMgraha 35. iNDiyA grAphisa landana hastalekha sUcIpatra 36. madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha sUcIpatra 37. madrAsa oriyaNTala risarca jarnala / 28. zabdasAmrAjya 29. carkarItarahasya bhAgavRtti ko uddhRta karanevAle granthoM meM saba se prAcIna kaiyaTa - 25 viracita mahAbhASyapradIpa hai| bhAgavRtti ke uddharaNoM kA saMkalana hamane prathamavAra 12 mudrita granthoM se bhAgavRtti ke uddharaNoM kA saMkalana karake 'bhAgavRtti saMkalanam' nAma se unakA saMgraha lAhaura kI

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra 'oriyaNTala patrikA' meM prakAzita kiyA thA / isakA paribRMhita saMskaraNa saMvat 2010 vi0 meM sarasvatI bhavana kAzI kI 'sArasvatI suSamA' meM prakAzita kiyA thA / isakA punaH paribRMhita saMskaraNa hamane vi0 saM0 2021 meM puna: prakAzita kiyA hai / bhAgavRtti vyAkhyAtA -- zrIdhara 517 kRSNa lIlAzuka muni ne 'daivam' grantha kI 'puruSakAra' nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai / usameM bhAgavRtti kA uddharaNa dekara kRSNa lIlAzuka muni likhatA hai - 'bhAgavRttau tu sokRsekR ityadhikamapi paThyate / tacca sIkR secane iti zrIdharo vyAkarot etAnaSTau varjayitvA iti cAdhikyamevamukta- 10 kaNThamuktavAn' / " isa uddharaNa se vyakta hotA hai ki zrIdhara ne bhAgavRtti kI vyAkhyA likhI thI / kRSNa lIlAzuka muni ne zrIdhara ke nAma se do vacana aura uddhRta kiye haiM / dekho - 'daivaM - puruSakAra' pRSTha 14, 60 / mAghavIyA dhAtuvRtti meM zrIkara athavA zrIkAra nAma se isakA nirdeza 15 milatA hai| dhAtuvRtti ke jitane saMskaraNa prakAzita hue haiM, ve sava atyanta bhraSTa haiM / hameM zrIkAra vA zrIkara zrIdhara nAma ke hI apabhraMza pratIta hote haiM / zrIdhara nAma ke aneka granthakAra hue haiM / bhAgavRtti kI vyAkhyA kisa zrIdhara ne racI, yaha ajJAta hai / kAla - kRSNa lIlAzuka muni lagabhaga 13 vIM zatAbdI kA granthakAra hai / ata: usake dvArA uddhRta granthakAra nizcaya hI usase prAcIna hai / hamArA vicAra hai ki zrIdhara maitreyarakSita se prAcIna hai / isakA AdhAra 'puruSakAra' pRSTha 60 meM nirdiSTa zrIdhara aura maitreya donoM ke uddharaNoM kI tulanA meM nihita hai / 1. sana 1940 meM 3 2. daivam - puruSakAra, pRSTha 14, 3. dekho - hamArA saMskaraNa / 20 25 15 hamArA saMskaraNa | 4. nRtinandIti vAkye nAghRvarjaM nRtyAdIn paThitvaitAn sapta vajatveti vadan zrIkaro'pyatraivAnukUlaH / dhAtuvRtti pRSTha 18 / tulanA karo - ' tathA ca zrIdharo nRtyAgena nRtyAdIn paTitvA etAn sapta varjayitvA ityAha / daivam 60 // 30 yahAM dhAtuvRtti meM uddhRta zrIkara nizcaya hI bhAgavRtti- TIkAkAra zrIdhara hai / 1

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518 saMskRta vyAkaraNa kA itihAsa bhAgavRtti jaisA prAmANika grantha aura usakI TIkA donoM hI isa samaya aprApya haiM / yaha pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke vizeSa anuzIlana ke liye duHkha kA viSaya hai| 5 14. bhIzvara (saM0 780 vi0 se pUrvavartI) . vardhamAna sUri apane 'gaNaratnamahodadhi' meM likhatA hai'bharbIzvareNApi vAraNArthAnAmityatra pulliGga eva pryuktH|" arthAt-bhIzvara ne aSTAdhyAyI ke 'vAraNArthAnAmopsitaH' sUtra kI vyAkhyA meM 'preman' zabda kA pulliGga meM prayoga kiyA hai| isa uddharaNa se vidita hotA hai ki bhartIzvara ne aSTAdhyAyI ko koI vyAkhyA likhI thii| bhIzvara kA kAla bhaTTa kumArila praNIta 'mImAMsAzlokavArtika' para bhaTTa umbeka kI vyAkhyA prakAzita huI hai / usa meM umbeka likhatA hai_ 'tathA cAhurbha/zvarAdayaH kiM hi nityaM pramANaM dRSTam, pratyakSAdi vA yadanityaM tasya prAmANye kasya vipratipattiH, iti / ____ isa uddharaNa se jJAta hotA hai ki bha?zvara bhaTTa umbeka se pUrvavartI hai, aura vaha bauddhamatAnuyAyI hai| umbeka aura bhavabhUti kA aikya 2. bhavabhUtipraNIta 'mAlatImAdhava' ke eka hastalekha ke anta meM granya kartA kA nAma 'umbeka likhA hai, aura use bhaTTa kumArila kA ziSya kahA hai| bhavabhUti 'uttarAmacarita' aura 'mAlatImAdhava' ko prastAvanA meM apane liye padavAkyapramANajJa' pada kA vyavahAra karatA hai / pada. vAkyapramANajJa pada kA artha padavyAkaraNa, vAkya =momAMsA, aura pramANa=nyAyazAstra kA jJAtA hai| isa vizeSaNa se bhavabhUti kA mImAMsakatva vyakta hai| donoM ke aikya kA upodbalaka eka pramANa aura 1. gaNaratnamahodadhi, pRSTha 216 / 2. 1.4127 // 3. dekho-pRSTha 38 / 4. saMskRta sAhitya kA saMkSipta itihAsa, pRSTha 386 / 25

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra 516 hai-umbekapraNIta 'zlokavAtikaTIkA' aura 'mAlatImAdhava' donoM ke prArambha meM 'ye nAma kecit prathayantyavajJAm' zloka samAnarUpa se upalabdha hotA hai| ataH umbeka aura bhavabhUti donoM eka vyakti haiN| mImAMsaka-sampradAya meM usakI 'umbeka' nAma se prasiddhi hai, aura kavisampradAya meM 'bhavabhUti' nAma se / mAlatImAdhava meM bhavabhUti ne apane 5 guru kA nAma 'jJAnanidhi' likhA hai| kyA jJAnanidhi bhaTTa kumArila kA nAmAntara thA ? umbeka bhaTTa kumArila kA ziSya ho vA na ho. parantu zlokavAtikaTIkA, mAlatImAdhava aura uttararAmacarita ke antaraGga sAkSyoM se siddha hai ki umbeka aura bhavabhUti donoM nAma eka vyakti ke haiN| paM0 sItArAma jayarAma jozI ne apane saMskRta sAhitya 10 ke saMkSipta inihAsa meM umbeka ko bhavabhUti kA nAmAntara likhA hai| parantu mImAMsaka umbeka ko usase bhinna likhA hai, yaha ThIka nhiiN| bhavabhUti kA mImAMsaka honA 'padavAkyapramANajJa' vizeSaNa se vispaSTa hai| __ mahAkavi bhavabhUti mahArAja yazovarmA kA sabhya thA / isa kAraNa 15 bhavabhUti kA kAla saM0780-800 vi0 ke lagabhaga mAnA jAtA hai|' prataH bhavabhUti ke dvArA smRta bhIzvara saM0 780 se pUrvavartI haiM / kitanA pUrvavartI hai, yaha ajJAta hai| bhavabhUti kA vyAkaraNa-grantha-durghaTavRtti 7 / 2 / 117 meM 'jyotiSa zAstram' meM vRddhayabhAva ke lie bhavabhUti kA eka vacana uddhRta hai| 20 usase vidita hotA hai ki bhavabhUti ne koI vyAkaraNa grantha bhI likhA thaa| athavA durghaTavRttikAra ne bhavabhUti ke kisI ajJAtagrantha se yaha uddharaNa diyA ho| 25 . 15. bhaTTa jayanta (saM0 825 vi0 ke lagabhaga) nyAyamaJjarIkAra jarannaiyAyika bhaTTa jayanta ne pANinIya aSTA 1. saMskRta sAhitya kA saMkSipta itihAsa, pRSTha 386 / ___2. saMskRta kavicarcA, pRSTha 313; saMskRta sAhitya kA saMkSipta itihAsa, pRSTha 386 / 3. ucyate-saMjJApUrvakAnityatvAditi bhavabhUti: / pRSTha 115 / 4. mAcArya-puSpAJjali vAlyUma meM paM0 rAmakRSNa kavi kA lekha, pRSTha 47 /

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520 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ghyAyI para eka vatti likhI thii| isakA ullekha jayanta svayaM apane abhinavAgamADambara' nAmaka rUpaka ke prArambha meM kiyA hai / usakA lekha isa prakAra hai 'atrabhavataH zaizava eva vyAkaraNavivaraNakaraNAd vRttikAra iti 5 prathitAparanAmno bhaTTajayantasya kRti rabhinavAgamADambaranAma kimapi rUpakam / ' paricaya bhaTTa jayanta ne nyAyamaJjarI ke anta meM jo paricaya diyA hai, usa se vidita hotA hai ki jayanta ke pitA kA nAma 'candra' thaa| zAstrArthoM 10 meM jotane ke kAraNa vaha 'jayanta' nAma se prasiddha hunA, aura isakA 'navavatikAra' nAma bhI thaa|' jayanta ke putra 'abhinanda' ne 'kAdambarIkathAsAra' ke prArambha meM apane kula kA kucha paricaya diyA hai| vaha isa prakAra hai 'gor3avaMzIya bhAradvAja kula meM 'zakti' nAma kA vidvAn utpanna 15 huprA / usakA putra 'mitra', aura usakA 'zaktisvAmo' huA / zakti svAmI karkoTa vaMza ke mahArAjA 'muktApIDa' kA mantrI thA / zaktisvAmI kA putra 'kalyANasvAmI', aura usakA 'candra' huA / candra kA putra 'jayanta' haa| usakA dUsarA nAma 'vRttikAra' thaa| vaha 'veda vedAGgoM kA jJAtA, aura sarva zAstrArthoM kA jItanevAlA thaa| usakA 21 putra sAhityatattvajJa 'abhinanda' hyaa| 1. bhaTTaH ctuHshaakhaabhijnyH|' jagadvara mAlatImAvara kI TIkA ke prArambha meN| 2. vAdevAptajayo jayanta iti yaH khyAtaH satAmagragI-ranvartho navavRttikAra iti yaM zaMsanti nAmnA budhAH sUnuAptadigantarasya yazasA candrasya candra tviSA, cakre candrakalAvacUlacaraNAvyAyI saghanyAM kRtim / / pRSTha 656 / 3. zakti mAmavad gauDo bhAraddhAjakule dvijaH / dIrvAbhisAramAsAdya kRtadAraparigrahaH / tasya mitrAbhidhAno'bhUdAtmanastejamAM nidhiH| janena doSoparamaprabuddhenAcitodayaH / sa zaktisvAminaM putramavAra zrutizAlinam / rAjJaH karkoTavaMzasya muktApIDasya mantriNam / / kalyANasvAminAmAsya yAjJavalkya ivAbhavat / tanayaH zaddhayogaddhi-nirdhUtabhavakalmaSaH // agAdhahRdayAt tasmAta paramezvaramaNDa, 30 yam / ajAyata suta: kAntazcandro dugdhodagheriva // putraM kRtajana nandaM sa jayanta

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Ac aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra 521 bhaTTa jayanta naiyAyikoM meM jarannayAyika ke nAma se prasiddha hai|' yaha vyAkaraNa, sAhitya, nyAya, aura mImAMsAzAstra' kA mahApaNDita thaa| isake pitAmaha kalyANasvAmI ne grAma kI kAmanA se sAMgrahaNISTi kI thii| usake anantara unheM 'gauramUlaka' grAma kI prApti huI thii|' kAla jayanta kA prapitAmaha zaktisvAbhI kazmIra ke mahArAjA muktApIDa kA mantrI thaa| muktApIDa kA kAla vikrama kI AThavIM zatAbdI kA uttarArdha hai| ataH bhaTTa jayanta kA kAla kikrama kI navama zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha honA caahiye| anya grantha nyAyamaJjarI-yaha nyAyadarzana ke vizeSa sUtroM kI vistRta TIkA hai / isakA lekha atyanta prauDha aura racanAzailI atyanta pariSkRta tathA prAJjala haiM / nyAya ke granthoM meM isakA pramukha sthAna hai| nyAyakalikA-guNaratna ne 'SaDdarzana-samuccaya' kI vRtti meM isa grantha kA ullekha kiyA hai / yaha grantha nyAyazAstra-viSayaka hai| 15 sarasvatI bhavana kAzI se prakAzita ho cukA hai| pallava-DA0 vI0 rAghavan ema. e. ne likhA ki zrIdeva ne syAdvAdaratnAkara kI 'pramANanayatattvAlokAlaGkAra' TIkA meM jayantaviracita 'pallava' grantha ke kaI uddharaNa diye haiM / DA0 vI0 rAghavan ke matAnusAra pallava nyAyazAstra kA kArikAmaya grantha thaa| 20 majIjanat / vyaktA kavitvavaktRtvaphalA yatra sarasvatI // vRttikAra iti vyakta dvitIyaM nAma bibhrataH / vedavedAGgaviduSaH sarvazAstrArthavAdinaH // jayantanAmnaH sudhiyaH sAdhusAhityatattvavit / sUnuH samabhavattasmAdabhinanda iti zrutaH // 1. nyAyacintAmaNi, upamAna khaNDa, pRSTha 61, kalakattA sosAiTI sN| 25 2. vedaprAmANyasiddhayarthamittyametAH kathAH kRtAH / na tu mImAMsakakhyAti prApto'smItyabhimAnataH // nyAyamaJjarI, pRSTha 260 / ___3. tathA hyasmatpitAmaha eva grAmakAmaH sAMgrahaNIM kRtavAn, sa iSTisamAptisamanantarameva gauramUlakaM grAmamavApa / nyAyamaJjarI, pRSTha 274 / 4. syAdvAdaratnAkara bhAga 1, pRSTha 64, 302, tathA bhAga 4, pRSTha 780 / dekho-premI abhinandanagrantha meM DA0 rAdhavan kA lekha pRSTha 432, 433 /

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522 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 16. zrutapAla (saM0 870 vi0 se pUrva) zrutapAla ke vyAkaraNa-viSayaka aneka mata bhASAvRtti, lalitaparibhASA, kAtantravRttiTIkA, aura jaina zAkaTAyana kI amoghAvRtti meM upalabdha hote haiN| yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiN| unake avalokana se vidita hotA hai ki zrutapAla ne pANinIya zAstra para koI vRtti likhI thii| kAla zrutapAla ke uddharaNa jina granthoM meM uddhata hue haiM, unameM amoghAvRtti sabase prAcIna hai / amoghAkAra pAlyakIti kA kAla saM0 87110 824 vi0 ke AsapAsa hai / yaha hama Age 'prAcArya pANini se arvA cIna vaiyAkaraNa' nAmaka 17 veM adhyAya meM likheNge| 17. kezava (saM0 1165 vi0 se pUrva) kezava nAma ke kisI vaiyAkaraNa ne aSTAdhyAyI kI eka vRtti 15 likhI thii| kezavavRtti ke aneka uddharaNa vyAkaraNa-granthoM meM upalabdha hote haiN| puruSottamadeva bhASAvRtti meM likhatA hai 'pRSodarAditvAdikAralope ekadezavikAradvAreNa parSacchabdAdapi valajiti kezavaH / 'kezavavRttau tu vikalpa uktaH-he prAn, he prANa vA' / '' 20 bhASAvRtti kA vyAkhyAtA sRSTidharAcArya kezavavRtti kA eka zloka uddhRta karatA hai apAspAH padamadhye'pi na caikasmin punA raviH / tasmAdrorIti sUtre'smin padasyeti na badhyate // 25 1, dekho-pUrva pRSTha 430, Ti0 4, 5, 6 tathA pR0 431 kI tti01| 2. 5 / 2 / 112 / / 3. 84 // 20 // 4. bhASAvRtti, pRSTha 544 kI ttippnnii|

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra 523 paM0 gurupada hAladAra ke apane vyAkaraNa darzanera itihAsa meM likhA hai___'aSTAdhyAyIra kezavavRttikAra kezava paNDita ihAra pravaktA / bhASAvRttite (02 / 112) puruSottamadeva, tantrapradIpe (1 / 2 / 6; 1 // 4 / 55) maitreyarakSita, evaM harinAmAmRtavyAkaraNe (500 pRSTha) zrI 5 jIvagosvAmI kezavapaNDitera nAmasmaraNa kariyAchena' / ' ___ ina uddharaNoM se kezava kA aSTAdhyAyI kI vRtti likhanA suvyakta hai| deza-kezava kI vRtti ke jitane uddharaNa upalabdha haiM, ve sabhI vaMgadezIya granthakAroM ke granthoM meM upalabdha hote haiM / ataH sambhAvanA yahI 10 hai ki kezava bhI vaMgadezIya ho / kezava kA kAla kezava nAma ke aneka granthakAra haiN| unameM se kisa kezava ne aSTAdhyAyI kI vRtti likhI, yaha ajJAta hai| paM0 gurupada hAladAra ke lekha se vidita hotA hai ki yaha vaiyAkaraNa kezava maitreyarakSita se prAcIna 15 hai| maitreyarakSita kA kAla saM0 1165 vi0 ke lagabhaga hai, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiM / ataH kezava vi0 saM0 1165 se pUrvavartI hai, itanA paM0 gurupada hAladAra ke uddhRta vacanAnusAra nizcita hai| 18. indumitra (saM0 1150 vi0 se pUrva) viTThala ne prakriyAkaumudI kI prasAdanAmnI TIkA meM 'indumitra' aura 'indumatI vRtti kA bahudhA ullekha kiyA hai / indumitra ne kAzikA kI 'anunyAsa' nAmnI eka vyAkhyA likhI thii| isakA varNana hama agale 'kAzikA vatti ke vyAkhyAkAra' nAmaka 15 veM adhyAya meM kareMge / yadyapi indumitraviracita aSTAdhyAyIvRtti ke koI sAkSAt 25 uddharaNa upalabdha nahIM hae, tathApi viTThala dvArA uddhata uddharaNoM ko dekhane se pratIta hotA hai ki 'indumatI vRtti' aSTAdhyAyI kI vRtti thI, aura isakA racayitA indumitra thA / yathA1. dekho-pRSTha 453 / 2. dekho-pUrva pRSTha 424 / 3. bhAga 1, pRSTha 610, 686 / bhAga 2, pRSTha 145 /

Page #561
saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa " etacca indumitramatenoktam / pratyaya iti sUtre pratyAyyate trAyate' rtho'smAditi pratyayaH / 'puMsi saMjJAyAM ghaH prAyeNa' iti ghAntasya pratyayazabdasyAnvarthasya niSedho jJApaka iti bhAvaH / tathA ca indumatyAM vRttAvuktam- 'pratestu vyaJjanavyavahito ya iti bhavati nimittam' iti keSAJcinmate praterapi bhavati" / " 5 10 524 aneka granthakAra indumitra ko indu nAma se smaraNa karate haiM. / eka indu amarakoSa kI kSIrasvAmI kI vyAkhyA meM bho udadhRta hai / parantu vaha vAgbhaTTa kA sAkSAt ziSya Ayurvedika granthakAra pRthak vyakti hai| kAla sIradeva ne apanI paribhASAvRtti meM anunyAsakAra aura maitreya ke nimna pATha uddhRta kiye haiM / 'anunyAsakAra - ' pratyayasUtre anunyAsakAra uktavAn pratiyantyanenArthAniti pratyaya:, erac ( 3|3|56 ) ityac puMsi saMjJAyAM ghaH 15 prAyeNa ( 3 | 3|118) iti vA gha iti / ' i maitreya - 'maitreyaH punarAha - puMsi saMjJAyAM ( 3 / 3 / 118) iti gha eva / erac ( 3 / 3 / 59 ) ityac pratyayastu karaNe lyuTA bAdhitatvAnna zakyate karttam na ca vA sarUpavidhirasti, kR glyuDityAdivacanAt' / ' yadyapi viTThala dvArA Upara uddhRta aMza pratunyAsakAra 'uddhRta vacana se paryApta milatA hai, tathApi indumatyAM vRttau aura anunyAsakAra rUpa nAmabheda se aSTAdhyAyI kI vRtti aura anunyAsa donoM granthoM kI racanA indumitra ne kI thI, yaha mAnanA hI ucita hai / ke nAma 20 se pUrvoddhRta anunyAsakAra aura maitreya donoM ke pAThoM kI pArasparika tulanA se spaSTa vidita hotA hai ki maitreyarakSita anunyAsakAra 25 kA khaNDana kara rahA hai / ataH indumitra maitreyarakSita se pUrvabhAvI hai / indumitra ke grantha kI 'anunyAsa' saMjJA se vidita hotA hai ki yaha grantha nyAsa ke anantara racA gayA hai / ataH indumitra kA kAla vi0 saM0 1. prakriyA kaumudI, prasAda TIkA bhAga 2, pRSTha 145 / 2. pRSTha 76 / zaraNadeva ne ina uparyukta donoM pAThoM ko apane zabdoM meM 30 uddhRta kiyA hai / dekho - durghaTavRtti, pRSTha 67 / 1

Page #562
aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra 525 800 se 1150 ke madhya hai, itanA hI sthUla rUpa se kahA jA sakatA 16. maitreyarakSita (saM0 1165 vi0 ke lagabhaga) maitreyarakSita ne aSTAdhyAyI kI eka 'durghaTavRtti' likhI thii| vaha 5 isa samaya anupalabdha hai| ujjvaladatta ne apanI uNAdivRtti meM maitreyarakSita viracita 'durghaTavRtti' ke nimna pATha uddhRta kiye haiM 'zrIyamityapi bhavatIti durghaTe rkssitH|' 'kRdikArAditi DoSi lakSmItyapi bhavatIti durghaTe rakSitaH' / ' maitreyarakSitaviracita 'durghaTavRtti' ke inake atirikta anya uddharaNa 10 hameM upalabdha nahIM hue| zaraNadeva ne bhI eka 'durghaTavRtti' likhI hai| sarvarakSita ne usakA saMkSepa aura pariSkAra kiyA hai / rakSita zabda se sarvarakSita kA grahaNa ho sakatA hai, parantu sarvarakSita dvArA pariSkRta durghaTavRtti meM uparyukta pATha upalabdha nahIM hote / ujjvaladatta ne anya jitane uddharaNa rakSita 15 ke nAma se uddhRta kiye haiM, ve saba maitreyarakSitaviracita granthoM ke haiN| ataH ujjvaladattoddhRta durghaTavRtti ke uparyukta uddharaNa bhI nizcaya hI maitreyarakSitaviracita durghaTavRtti se hI liye gaye haiM, yaha spaSTa hai| maitreyarakSitaviracita 'durghaTavRtti' ke viSaya meM hameM isase adhika jJAna nahIM hai| maitreyarakSita kA AnumAnika kAla lagabhaga vi0 saMvat 1165 20 hai, yaha hama pUrva pRSTha 424 para likha cuke haiM / . 20. puruSottamadeva (saM0 1000 vi0 se pUrva) puruSottamadeva ne aSTAdhyAyI kI eka laghutti racI hai| kAzikA vRtti se laghu hone se isakA nAma laghuvRtti hai| isa nAma kA ullekha 25 granthakAra ne svayaM prAdi meM kiyA hai| ' isameM aSTAdhyAyI ke kevala laukika sUtroM kI vyAkhyA hai| prata eva isakA dUsarA anvartha nAma 'bhASAvRtti' bhI hai / prAyaH granthakAra 1. dra0-pRSTha 80 / 2. dra0--pRSTha 141 /

Page #563
526 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa puruSottamadeva kI laghuvRtti ke uddharaNa bhASAvRtti ke nAma se udadhRta karate haiM isa granya meM aneka aise prAcIna granthoM ke uddharaNa upalabdha hote haiM, jo samprati aprApya haiN| puruSottamadeva ke kAla Adi ke viSaya meM hama pUrva 'mahAbhASya ke 5 TIkAkAra' prakaraNa meM likha cuke haiM / ' durghaTa-vRtti sarvAnanda 'amarakoSaTIkAsarvasva' meM likhatA hai'puruSottamadevena gurviNItyasya durghaTe'sAdhutvamuktam' / ' isa pATha se pratIta hotA hai ki puruSottamadeva ne koI 'durghaTavRtti' 10 bhI racI thii| zaraNadeva ne apanI durghaTavatti meM 'gaviNI' pada kA sAdhutva darzAyA hai| sarvAnanda ne TIkAsavasva vi0 1216 meM likhA thaa| zaraNadevIya durghaTavRtti kA racanA-kAla vi0 saM0 1230 hai|' ataH sarvAnanda ke uddharaNa meM 'puruSottamadevena' pATha anavadhAnatA-mUlaka nahIM ho sakatA / zaraNadeva ne durghaTavRtti meM puruSottamadeva ke nAma se 15 aneka aise pATha uddhRta kiye haiM, jo bhASAvRtti meM upalabdha nahIM hote| zaraNadeva ne una pATho ko puruSottamadeva kI durghaTavRtti athavA anya granthoM se uddhRta kiyA hogaa| bhASAvRtti-vyAkhyAtA-sRSTidhara sRSTidhara cakravartI ne bhASAvRtti kI 'bhASAvRttyarthavivRti' nAmnI 20 eka TIkA likhI hai| yaha vyAkhyA bAlakoM ke liye upayogI hai| lekhaka ne kaI sthAnoM para upahAsAspada azuddhiyAM bhI kI haiN| cakravartI upAdhi se vyakta hotA hai ki sRSTidhara vaGga prAnta kA rahanevAlA thaa| ___ kAla-sRSTidhara ne grantha ne prAdyanta meM apanA koI paricaya nahIM diyA, aura na grantha ke nirmANakAla kA ullekha kiyA hai / ataH 15 saSTidhara kA nizcita kAla ajAta hai / sRSTidhara ne bhASAvatyarthavivRtti meM nimna granthoM aura granthakAroM ko uddhRta kiyA hai medinI koSa, sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa (8 / 2 / 13), maitreyarakSita kezava, kezavavRtti, udAttarAghava, kAtantra pariziSTa (8 / 2 / 16), dharma. 1. dekho - pUrva pRSTha 428-431 / 2. bhAga 2, pRSTha 277 / 30 3. dekho-Age pRSTha 527,528,484 / 4. durghaTavRtti pRSTha 16,27,71 /

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra 527 kIrti rUpAvatArakRta, upAdhyAyasarvasva, haTTacandra (8 / 2 / 29) kaiyaTa bhASyaTIkA (pradIpa), kavirahasya (7 / 2 / 43), murAri, anargharAghava (332 / 26), kAlidAsa, bhAravi bhaTTi, mAgha, zrIharSa naiSadhacaritakAra, vallabhAcArya mAghakAvyaTIkAkAra (3 / 2 / 112), kramadIzvara (5 / 1 / 78), padmanAbha, maMjUSA (24143) / ' ___ ina meM maJjUSA ke atirikta koI grantha athavA granthakAra vikrama kI 14 vIM zatAbdI se arvAcIna nahIM hai| yaha maJjUSA nAgojI bhaTTa viracita laghamaJjaSA nahIM hai| nAgojI bhaTTa kA kAla vikrama kI aThArahavIM zatAbdI kA madhya bhAga hai / bhASAvRtti ke sampAdaka ne zakAbda 1631 aura 1636 arthAt vi0 saM0 1766 aura 1771 ke 10 bhASAvRttyarthavivati ke do hastalekhoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki bhASAvRttyarthavivRti kI racanA nAgojI bhaTTa se pahale huI hai| hamArA vicAra hai ki sRSTidhara vikrama kI 15 vIM zatAbdI kA granthakAra hai| 21. zaraNadeva (saM0 1230 vi0) zaraNadeva ne aSTAdhyAyI para 'durghaTa' nAmnI vRtti likhI hai| yaha vyAkhyA aSTAdhyAyI ke vizeSa sUtroM para hai / saMskRtabhASA ke jo pada vyAkaraNa se sAdhAraNatayA siddha nahIM hote, una padoM ke sAdhatvajJApana ke lie yaha grantha likhA gayA hai / ataH eva granthakAra ne isakA anva- 20 rthanAma 'durghaTavRtti' rakkhA haiN| granthakAra ne maGgalazloka meM 'sarvajJa' aparanAma buddha ko namaskAra 1. bhASAvRtti kI bhUmikA pRSTha 10 / 2. bhASAvRttyarthavivRtti meM uddhRta medinIkoSa kA kAla vikama kI 14 vIM zatAbdI mAnA jAtA hai, yaha ThIka nahIM hai / uNAdivRttikAra ujjvaladatta 25 vi0 saM0 1250 se pUrvavartI hai, yaha hama 'uNAdi ke vattikAra' prakaraNa meM likheMga / ujjvajadatta ne uNAdivRtti 13101, pRSTha 36 para medinIkAra ko uddhRta kiyA hai| ___3. dekho-pUrva pRSTha 468.466 / 4. bhASAvRtti kI bhUmikA, pRSTha 10 kI ttippnnii|

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528 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kiyA hai, tathA bauddha granthoM ke aneka prayogoM kA sAdhutva darzAyA hai / isase pratIta hotA hai ki zaraNadeva bauddhamatAvalambI thaa| kAla-zaraNadeva ne grantha ke prArambha meM 'durghaTavRtti' kI racanA kA samaya zakAbda 1065 likhA hai / arthAt vi0 saM0 1230 meM yaha 5 grantha likhA gyaa| pratisaMskartA-'durghaTavRtti ke prArambha meM likhA hai ki zaraNadeva ke kahane se zrIsarvarakSita ne isa granya kA saMkSepa karake ise pratisaMskRta kiyaa| grantha kA vaiziSTaya-saMskRta vAGmaya ke prAcIna granthoM meM prayukta 1. zatazaH duHsAdhya prayogoM ke sAdhutvanidarzana ke liye isa grantha kI racanA huI hai| prAcIna kAla meM isa prakAra ke aneka grantha the / maitreyarakSita aura puruSottamadeva viracita do dughaTavRttiyoM kA varNana hama pUrva kara cuke haiN| samprati kevala zaraNadevIya durghaTavRtti upalabdha hotI hai| yadyapi zabdakaustubha Adi arvAcIna granthoM meM kahIM-kahIM durghaTavRtti kA 15 khaNDana upalabdha hotA hai, tathApi kRcchasAdhya prayogoM ke sAdhatva darzAne ke lie isa grantha meM jisa zailI kA Azraya liyA hai, usakA prAyaH anusaraNa arvAcIna granthakAra bhI karate haiM / ataH 'gacchataH skhalanaM kvApi' nyAya se isake vaiziSTaya meM kiJcanmAtra nyUnatA nahIM paatii| isa grantha meM eka mahAn vaiziSTaya aura bhI hai| granthakAra ne isa 20 grantha meM aneka prAcIna granthoM aura granthakAroM ke vacana uddhata kiye haiN| ina meM aneka grantha aura granthakAra aise haiM, jinakA ullekha anyatra nahIM miltaa| granthakAra ne grantha-nirmANa kA kAla livakara mahAn upakAra kiyA hai| isake dvArA aneka granyoM aura granthakAroM ke kAlaniNaya meM mahatI sahAyatA milatI hai| 1. natvA zaraNadevena sarvajJaM jJAnahetave / vRhadbhadRjanAmbhojakozavIkAsabhAsvate // 2. zAkamahIpativatsaramAne ekanabhonavapaJcavimAne / durghaTavRttirakAri mudeva kaNThavibhUSaNahAralateva / / 3. vAkyAccharaNadevasya cchAyAvagrahapIDayA / zrIsarvarakSitenaiSA saMkSipya 30 prtisNskRtaa||

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra 22. appana nainArya (saM0 1520- 1570 vi0 ) appana nainArya ne pANinIyASTaka para 'prakriyA - dIpikA' nAmnI vRtti likhI hai / granthakAra kA dUsarA nAma vaiSNavadAsa thA / prakriyAdIpikA kA eka hastalekha 'madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha pustakAlaya' meM vidyamAna hai| dekho - sUcIpatra bhAga 3 khaNDa 1 A, pRSTha 3601, 5 granthAGka 2541 / isake Adyanta meM nimna pATha hai 67 Adi meM - zrappananainAryeNa veGkaTAcAryasUnunA / prakriyAdIpikA seyaM kRtA vAtsyena dhImatA / / 526 anta meM - zrImadvAtsyAnvayapayaH pArAvArasudhAkareNa vAdimattebhakaNTha ripukaNThaluNTAkena zrImadveGkaTArthapAdakamalacaJcarIkeNa zrImatpara- 10 vAdimatabhayaGkaramuktAphalena prappananainAryAbhidhazrIvaiSNavadAsena kRtA prakriyAdIpikA samAptA / isa lekha se spaSTa hai ki appana nainArya ke pitA kA nAma veGkaTArya thA, aura vAtsya gotra thA / kAla - hamAre mitra zrI paM0 padmanAbha rAva ne 10-11-1963 ke 15 patra meM likhA hai 'prAMdhra pradeza meM vaiyAkaraNarUpa se vikhyAta 'nainArya' padAbhidheya eka hI hai / yaha nainArya = nayanArya appana = prappaNa appala = prapaLa nAma se prasiddha hai / yaha vijayanagara ke mahArAjA kRSNadevarAya sArvabhauma (saM0 1566- 1586 rAjyakAla ) ke aSTa diggaja paNDitoM meM 20 zranyatama tenAli rAmaliGga mahAkavi kA vyAkaraNaguru hai / yaha rAmaliGga ne 'pANDuraGga vijayabhu' nAmaka mahAkAvya ke Adi meM likhA hai / appalAcArya kA vaiyAkaraNatva 'apazabdabhayaM nAsti appalAcArya sannidhau' se suspaSTa hai / ' = isa nirdeza se suvyakta hai ki prappana nainArya kA kAla saM0 1520 25 1570 vi0 ke madhya honA cAhiye / grantha kA 'prakriyA -dIpikA' nAma hone se sandeha hotA hai ki yaha - grantha ho, athavA 'prakriyA - kaumudI' kI TIkA ho / prakriyA -

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530 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 23. annambhaTTa (saM0 1550-1600 vi0) mahAmahopAdhyAya annambhaTTa ne aSTAdhyAyI para 'pANinIyamitAkSarA' nAmnI vRtti racI hai / yaha vRtti caukhambA saMskRta sIrija kAzI se 10 khaNDoM meM prakAzita ho cukI hai| yaha vRtti sAdhAraNa hai| 5 annambhaTTa ke viSaya meM 'mahAbhASyapradIpa ke vyAkhyAkAra' prakaraNa meM hama pUrva (pRSTha 460-461) likha cuke hai| annambhaTTa ne 'pANinIya mitAkSarA' vRtti pradIpodyotana se pUrva likhI thii| dra0 mahAbhASyapradIpavyAkhyAnAni, upodghAta, bhAga 1, pRSTha _xvii / hamAre saMgraha meM vidyamAna 'pANinIya-mitAkSarA' naSTa ho gaI 1. hai / ataH hama ko vivaza hokara 'mahAbhASyapradIpavyAkhyAnAni' upo ddhAta ke lekhaka zrI ema. esa. narasiMhAcArya ke lekha para avalambita rahanA par3a rahA hai| 24. bhaTToji dIkSita (saM0 1570-1650 vi0 ke madhya) 15 bhaTToji dIkSita ne aSTAdhyAyI kI 'zabdakaustubha' nAmno mahatI . vRtti likhI hai| yaha vRtti isa samaya samagra upalabdha nahIM hoto, kevala prArambha meM DhAI adhyAya aura caturtha adhyAya upalabdha hote haiM / 'zabdakaustubha' ke prathamAdhyAya ke prathamapAda meM prAyaH pataJjali kaiyaTa aura haradatta ke granthoM kA dIkSita ne apane zabdoM meM saMgraha kiyA hai| yaha bhAga adhika vistAra se likhA gayA hai, agale bhAga meM saMkSepa se kAma liyA hai| paricaya vaMza-bhaTToji dIkSita mahArASTriya brAhmaNa thaa| isake pitA kA nAma lakSmIdhara aura laghu bhrAtA kA nAma raGgoji bhaTTa thaa| inakA 30 vaMzavRkSa isa prakAra hai

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aSTAdhyAyo ke vRttikAra 531 __ lakSmIdhara bhaTToji dIkSita raGgojibhaTTa kauNDamabhaTTa bhAnuji dIkSita vIrezvara hari dIkSita praur3ha manoramA kA eka hastalekha bhaNDArakara prAcyavidyAzodha-pratiSThAna pUnA ke saMgraha meM vidyamAna hai usake anta meM likhA hai iti zrIvedAntapratipAditAdvaitasiddhAntasthApanAcAryalakSmIdharaputrabhaTToji ....."manoramAyAM kRdantaprakriyA smaaptaa|' guru-paNDitarAja jagannAnAtha-kRta prauDhamanoramAkhaNDana se pratIta 5 hotA hai ki bhaTToji dIkSita ne nRsiMhaputra zeSa kRSNa se vyAkaraNazAstra kA adhyayana kiyA thaa| bhaTToji dIkSita ne bhI zabdakaustubha meM prakriyAprakAzakAra zeSa kRSNa ke liye guru zabda kA vyavahAra kiyA hai| tattvakaustubha meM bhaTToji dIkSita ne appayya dIkSita ko namaskAra kiyA hai| kAla bhaTToji dIkSita jaise prasiddha granthakAra kA kAla bhI kitanA vivAdAspada hai, isa kA parijJAna karAne ke liye hama katipaya itihAsavid mAne jAne vAle vidvAnoM ke mata nIce likhate haiM / hama ina 1. dra0-vyAkaraNaviSayaka sUcIpatra (san 1938) saMkhyA 132, 15 331/1865-1602 / 2. 'iha kecit (bhaTTojidIkSitAH) zeSavaMzAvataMsAnAM zrIkRSNapaNDitAnAM cirAyAciMtayoH pAdukayoH prasAdAdAsAditazabdAnuzAsanAsteSu ca pAramezvarapadaM prayAteSu tatrabhavadbhillAsitaM prakriyAprakAzaM ...."dUSaNaH svanirmitAyAM mnormaagmaakulymkaarss:|' caukhambA saMskRta sIrija kAzI se saM0 1991 meM . pustaka prAkAra meM prakAzita prauDhamanoramA bhAga 3 ke anta meM mudrita, pRSTha 1 / / 3. tadetat sakalamabhidhAya prakriyAprakAze gurucaraNairuktam / pRSTha 145 /

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532 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa vyaktiyoM dvArA khIstAbda meM likhe gaye kAla ko vaikramAbda meM badala kara nIce de rahe haiM 1. DA0 velvelkara-saMvat 1657-1707 vi.|' 2. DA0 tAlAttIra-saMvat 1575-1625 vi0 / ' 3. DA0 rAva-saMvat 1570-1635 vi0 / ' 4. kItha-vikrama kI 17 vIM zatI meM prAdurbhAva / / 5. viNTaraniTaja-saM0 1625 meM prAdurbhAva / 6. DaoN0 esa0 pI0 caturvedI-saM0 1600 meM prAdurbhAva / / 7-DA0 pI0 vI0 kANe-saM0 1580-1630 vi0|" ye mata hama ne bra. dharmavIra likhita 'phiTasUtrASTAdhyAyoH svarazAstrANAM tulanAtmakamadhyayanam' zIrSaka zodha-prabandha (pRSTha 40-41, TAipa kApI) se uddhRta kiye haiM / hama ina lekhakoM ke mUlagrantha nahIM dekha sake / ___ kAlanirNaya kA prayAsa-'landana ke iNDiyA Aphisa ke pustakAlaya' 15 meM viThThalaviracita prakriyAprasAdanAmnI TIkA kA eka hastalekha saMgahIta hai| usake anta meM lekhana kAla saM0 1536 likhA hai| yaha prakriyAprasAda kI pratilipi kA kAla hai| grantha kI racanA viThThala ne isa se pUrva kI hogo / viTThala ne vyAkaraNa kA adhyayana zeSa kRSNa-sUnu vIrezvara aparanAma rAmezvara se kiyA thA / " viTThala ke adhyayana-kAla meM 1. sisTamsa Apha saMskRta grAmara, pRSTha 46, 47 / 2. karnATaka hisTrI rivyU, san 1937 / 3. pRSTha 346, eja Apha bhaTToji dIkSita, san 1939 / 4. hisTrI Apha saMskRta liTarecara, san 1928, pRSTha 430 / 5. hisTrI mApha dI iNDiyana liTarecara, bhAga 3. pRSTha 364 / 6. maisUra Apha kAnphreMsa presiDiMgsa, san 1935, pRSTha 742 / 7. hisTrI Apha dharmazAstra, khaNDa 1, pRSTha 716-717 / 8. sUcIpatra bhAga 2, pRSTha 67 granyAGka 616 / 6. saMvat 1536 varSa mAgha vadI ekAdazI ravI zrImadAnandapurasthAnottame prAbhyantaranAgarajAtIyapaNDitaanantasutapaNDitanArAyaNAdInAM paThanArthaM kuThArIvya. 30 vagAhitasutena vizvarUpeNa likhitam / 10. 'tamarbhakaM kRSNagurornamAmi rAmezvarAcAryaguru guNAbdhim / ' prakriyAkaumudIprasAdAnte /

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533: aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra zeSakRSNa kA svargavAsa ho gayA thA, isameM koI puSTa pramANa nahIM hai / yaha adhika sambhava hai ki viTThala ne zeSa kRSNa ko jIvita rahate hue bhI kinhIM kAraNoM se vIrezvara se adhyayana kiyA ho| hamArA vicAra hai ki zeSa kRSNa vRdvAvasthA meM kAzIvAsa ke liye kAzI cale gaye hoM vahIM bhaTToja dIkSita ne vyAkaraNazAstra kA adhyayana kiyA ho / 5 isake sAtha hI yaha bhI sambhava hai ki zeSa kRSNa cirajIvI rahe hoM, ra unake antima kAla meM bhaTToja dIkSita ne ziSyatva grahaNa kiyA ho / yaha bAta pramANAntara se paripuSTa ho jAye, to bhaTToji dIkSita kA kAla vi0 saM0 1570 se 1650 ke madhya upapanna ho sakatA hai, aura kAlaviSayaka kaI visaMgatiyAM dUra ho sakatI haiN| uparyukta 10 lekhakoM meM saMkhyA 2, 3 ra 7 dvArA nirdiSTa kAla hamAre dvArA nizcita kAla ke pratyanta samIpa hai / anya vyAkaraNa-grantha dIkSita ne zabdakaustubha ke atirikta 'siddhAntakaumudI' aura usa kI vyAkhyA' proDhamanoramA' likhI hai| inakA varNana Age 'pANinIya- 15 vyAkaraNa ke prakriyA- granthakAra' nAmaka 16 veM adhyAya meM kiyA jAyagA / bhaTToji dIkSita ne zabdakaustubha ko siddhAntakaumudI se pUrva racA thA / vaha uttara kRdanta ke anta meM likhatA hai - itthaM laukikazabdAnAM diGmAtramiha darzitam / vistarastu yathAzAstraM dazitaH zabdakaustubhe // isase yaha bhI vyakta hotA hai ki dIkSita ne zabdakaustubha grantha sampUrNa aSTAdhyAyI para racA thA / 'to lopaH " sUtra kI prauDhamanoramA aura usakI zabdaratna vyAkhyA se itanA spaSTa hai ki zabdakaustubha SaSThAdhyAya taka avazya likhA gayA thA / " 20 25 Azcarya isa bAta kA hai ki bhaTToja dIkSita jisa siddhAntakaumudI ke liye diGmAtramihadazitama likha rahA hai vahI grantha pANinIya vyAkaraNa kA pramukha grantha bana gayA aura yathA- zAstra likhita aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttigrantha pIche par3a gaye / 1. aSTA0 6|4|58 // 2. vistaraH zabdakaustubhe bodhyaH / 30

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534 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 5 anya grantha-bhaTThoji dIkSita ne vibhinna viSayoM para aneka grantha likheM haiN|' dIkSita kA eka 'vedabhASyasAra' nAmaka grantha 'bhAratIya. vidyAbhavana bambaI se prakAzita haA hai / yaha Rgveda ke prathama adhyAya para hai, aura yaha sAyaNIya RgbhASya kA saMkSepa hai| dIkSita likhita amaraTIkA kA eka hastalekha 'madrAsa rAjakIya-hastalekha saMgraha' meM hai| dra0-sUcopatra bhAga 4, khaNDa 1, B. pRSTha 5075, saMkhyA 3411 / zabdakaustubha ke TIkAkAra AphekTa ke bRhatsUcIpatra meM zabdakaustubha ke prathama pAda ke cha: TIkAkAroM kA ullekha milatA hai| unake nAma nimnalikhita haiM1. nAgeza - viSamapadI 2. vaidyanAtha pAyaguNDa - prabhA 3. vidyAnAtha zukla - udyota 4. rAghavendrAcArya - prabhA 5. kRSNamitra - bhAvapradIpa 6. bhAskaradIkSita - zabdakaustubhadUSaNa nAgeza aura vaidyanAtha pAyaguNDa ke viSaya meM hama pUrva likha cuke kRSNamitra kA dUsarA nAma kRSNAcArya thaa| isake pitA kA nAma rAmasevaka, aura pitAmaha kA nAma devIdatta thaa| rAmasevaka kRta 'mahAbhASya-pradIpavyAkhyA kA ullekha hama pUrva kara ca ke haiN| kRSNamitra ne siddhAntakaumudI kI 'ratnArNava' nAmnI TIkA likhI hai| isakA varNana agale adhyAya meM kiyA jAyagA / kRSNAcAryakRta yuktiratnAkara, vAdacaDAmaNi aura vAdasudhAkara nAma ke tIna grantha jammU ke raghunAtha mandira ke pustakAlaya meM vidyamAna haiM / dekho -sUcIpatra pRSTha 25 45,46 / zeSa TIkAkAroM ke viSaya meM hameM kucha jJAna nahIM hai| 1. vedabhASyasAra kI aMgrejI bhUmikA pRSTha 1, Ti03 meM dIkSita kRta 34 granthoM kA ullekha hai| una meM eka 'dhAtupATha-nirNaya' grantha bhI hai / 2. dra0--pUrva pRSTha 467-466 / 3. dra0-pUrva pRSTha 463 /

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra 535 kaustubhakhaNDanakartA-paNDitarAja jagannAtha paNDitarAja jagannAtha ne prauDhamanoramA-khaNDana 'manoramAkucamardana' meM likhA hai 'itthaM ca prot sUtragatakaustubhagranthaH sarvopyasaMgata iti dhyeyam / adhikaM kaustubhakhaNDanAdavaseyam / ' isase spaSTa hai ki jagannAtha ne zabdakaustubha ke khaNDana meM koI grantha likhA thaa| yaha grantha samprati anupalabdha hai| bhaTToji se vigraha kA kAraNa-paNDitarAja jagannAtha kA bhaTToji dokSita ke sAtha ahinakulavaira ke samAna jo sahaja vaira utpanna ho gayA thA, usake viSaya meM eka kavi ne likhA hai-'garvIle drAvir3a (appaya dIkSita) ke durAgraharUpI bhUtAveza se gurudrohI bhaTToji ne bharI sabhA meM vinA vicAre paNDitarAja ko 'mleccha' kaha diyA thaa| usako dhairyanidhi paNDitarAja ne usakI manoramA kA kucamardana karake satya kara dikhAyA / appaya dIkSitAdi (bhaTToji ke samarthaka) dekhate raha gye|' paricaya tathA kAla paNDitarAja tailaGga brAhmaNa the / inakA dUsarA nAma 'vellanADU thA, aura inako 'trizUlI' bhI kahate the / inake pitA kA nAma peraMbhaTTa aura mAtA kA nAma lakSmI thaa| peraMbhaTTa ne jJAnendra bhikSu se vedAnta, mahendra se nyAya vaizeSika, bhaTTadIpikAkAra khaNDadeva se mImAMsA, aura zeSa se mahAbhASya kA adhyayana kiyA thaa| paNDitarAja jagannAtha 20 dillI ke samrATa zAhajahAM aura dArAzikoha ke premapAtra the| zAhajahAM ne inheM paNDitarAja kI padavI pradAna kI thii| zAhajahAM vi0 saM0 1684 meM gaddI para baiThA thaa| ye citramImAMsAkAra appayadIkSita ke. 1. caukhambA saMskRtasIrija kAzI se saM0 1991 meM prakAzita prauDhamanoramA bhAga 3 ke anta meM mudrita, pRSTha 21 / 2. dRpyad drAviDadurgrahavazAmliSTaM gurudrohiNA, yanmleccheti vaco'vicintya sadasi prauDhepi bhaTTojinA / tatsatyApitameva dhairyanidhinA yatsa vyamRdnAt kucama, nirbaghyAsya manoramAmavazayannappayAdyAn sthitAn // rasagaMgAdhara hindI TokA (kAzI) meM uddhRt|

Page #573
536 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa samakAlika kahe jAte haiN| parantu isameM koI dRr3ha pramANa nahIM hai|' paNDitarAja ne zeSa kRSNa ke putra vIrezvara aparanAma rAmezvara se vidyAdhyayana kiyA thaa| viTThala ne vi0 saM0 1536 se kaI varSa pUrva vIrezvara se vyAkaraNa par3hA thA, yaha hama pUrva pRSTha 440 para likha cuke 5 haiN| isa prakAra paNDitarAja jagannAtha kA kAla nyUnAtinyUna vi0 saM0 1575-1660 taka sthira hotA hai| parantu itanA lambA kAla sambhava pratIta nahIM hotA hai / hama isa kaThinAI ko sulajhAne meM asamartha haiM / bhaTToji dIkSita ne zeSa kRSNa se vyAkaraNazAstra kA adhyayana kiyA thaa| bhaTToji dIkSita ne apane 'zabdakaustubha aura 'prauDhamanoramA' granthoM 10 meM bahata sthAnoM para zeSa kRSNaviracita prakriyAprakAza kA khaNDana kiyA hai / ataH paNDitarAja jagannAtha ne prauDhamanoramAkhaNDana meM bhaTToji dIkSita ko 'gurudrohI' zabda se smaraNa kiyA hai| prauDhamanoramAkhaNDana ke viSaya meM solahaveM adhyAya meM likheNge| 15 25. appayya dIkSita (1575-1650 vi0 ke madhya) appayya dIkSita ne pANinIya sUtroM kI 'sUtraprakAza' nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai| isakA eka hastalekha 'aDiyAra ke rAjakIya pustakAlaya' meM vidyamAna hai / dekho-sUcIpatra bhAga 2, pRSTha 75 / paricaya appayya dIkSita ke pitA kA nAma 'raGgarAja adhvarI' aura pitAmaha kA nAma 'prAcArya dIkSita' thaa| kaI inakA pUrA nAma 'nArAyaNA 0 1. eka zloka hai---'yaSTa vizvajitA yatA paridharaM sarve budhA nijitA, bhaTTojipramukhAH sa paNDitajagannAtho'pi nistAritaH / pUrvaghe carame dvisaptatitama syAbdasya sad vizvajid, yAjI yazca cidambare svayamabhajan jyotiH satAM 25 pazyatAm // rasaGgAdhara hindI TIkA (kAzI) meM udghata / 2. asmadguruvIrezvarapaNDitAnAM / prauDhamanoramAkhaNDana, pRSTha 1 / 3. syati sarva gurugRhAm / prauDhamanoramAkhaNDana, pRSTha 1 / 4. appayya dIkSita ne 'nyAyarakSAmArga' meM yahI nAma likhA hai-'prAcArya dIkSita iti prathitAbhidhAnam / "asmatpitAmahamazeSaguru prapadye /

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68 aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra 537 cArya thA aisA kahate haiM / inakA gotra bhAradvAja thaa| yaha apane samaya meM zaivamata ke mahAn stambha mAne jAte the / appayya dIkSita ke laghu bhrAtA kA nAma 'accAna dIkSita' thaa| acAna dIkSita ke pautra nIlakaNTha dIkSita ke 'zivalIlArNava' kAvya se jJAta hotA ki appayya dIkSita 72 varSa kI Ayu taka jIvita rahe, aura unhoMne 5 lagabhaga 100 granya likhe|' kAla appayya dIkSita kA kAla bhI bar3A sandigdha sA hai| upalabdha pramANoM ke AdhAra para vaha vi0 saM0 1550-1720 ke madhya vidita hotA hai / ataH hama inake kAla-nirNaya para upalabdha sabhI sAmagrI 10 saMgRhIta kara dete haiM, jisase bhAvI lekhakoM ko vicAra karane meM suvidhA 1-hamane mahAbhASya ke TIkAkAra zeSa nArAyaNa ke prakaraNa meM pRSTha 440 para likhA hai ki viTThalakRta 'prakriyAkaumudIprasAda' kA vi0 saM0 1536 kA eka hastalekha landana ke iNDiyA prAphisa ke pustakAlaya 15 meM vidyamAna hai| bhaTToji ke guru zeSa kRSNa ne prakriyAkaumudI para 'prakriyAprakAza' nAma kI eka vyAkhyA likhI thii| zeSa kRSNa ko cirajIvI mAnakara hamane bhaTToji dIkSita kA kAla vi0 saM0 1570-1650 ke madhya svIkAra kiyA hai (dra0-pUrva pRSTha 486487) / bhaTToji dIkSita ne 'tattvakaustubha' meM appayya dIkSita ko 20 namaskAra kiyA hai| isalie appayya dIkSita kA kAla vi0 saM0 1575-1650 ke madhya honA caahie| 2-appayya dIkSita ke pitAmaha prAcArya dIkSita vijayanagarAdhipa kRSNadeva rAya ke sabhA-paNDita the| kRSNadeva rAya kA rAjyakAla vi0 saM0 1566-1586 taka mAnA jAtA hai / ataH appayya dIkSita kA 25 kAla vi0 saM0 1550-1625 taka sAmAnyatayA mAnA jA sakatA hai| . 1. kAlena zambhuH kila tAvatApi, kalAzcatuSSaSTimitA: praNinye / dvAsaptati prApya samAH prabandhAJchataM vyadadhAdappayadIkSitendraH // sarga 1 // 72 varSa kI Ayu ke viSaya meM pUrva pRSTha 536 kI Ti. 1 meM uddhRta zloka bhI dekheN|

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10 15 saMskRta vyAkaraNa- zAstra kA itihAsa 3 - appayya dIkSita ke bhrAtuSpautra nIlakaNTha ke ullekha se vidita hotA hai ki appasya dIkSita ne vyaGkaTadezikaM ke yAdavAbhyudaya kI TIkA bellUra ke rAjA cinnatimma nAyaka kI preraNA se likhI thI / cinnatimma nAyaka kA rAjyakAla vikrama saM0 1566 - 1607 paryanta hai / 30 538 4 - appayya dIkSita ke bhrAtuSpItra nIlakaNTha dIkSita ne 'nIlakaNTha campU' kI racanA kali saM0 4738 arthAt vi0 saM0 1664 meM kI thI / ' 5 - prAtmakUra ( karmUla - zrandhra) nivAsI hamAre mitra zrI paM0 padmanAbha rAva jI ne 10-11-1963 ke patra meM likhA hai "appayya dIkSita ne zrI vijayendra tIrtha aura tAtAcArya ke sAtha tajjAvvaru nAyaka zevappa nAyaka kI sabhA ko alaGkRta kiyA thA / zevappa nAyaka ne saM0 1637 ( = san 1580) meM zrI vijayendra tIrthaM ko grAmadAna kiyA thA / maisUra purAtatva vibhAga ke 1917 ke saMgraha (riporTa) meM nimna zloka uddhRta haiM / tAgya iva spaSTaM vijayondrayatIzvaraH / tAtAcAryo vaiSNavAgrayaH sarvazAstravizAradaH // zaivAdvaikasAmrAjyaH zrImAn zrappayadIkSitaH / tatsabhAyAM marta svaM sthApayantasthitAstrayaH | isase spaSTa hai ki pratparya dIkSita kA kAla vi0 saM0 15750 20 1650 ke madhya hai / 6 - ' hindutva' ke lekhaka rAmadAsa gaur3a ne likhA hai ki appayya dIkSita tirumallaI (saM0 1624 1631 ) ; cinnatimma (saM0 1631 - 1642); aura veGkaTa yA pati (1642 - 1 ) ina tInoM ke sabhApaNDita the / appayya dIkSita ne vibhinna granthoM meM ina rAjAoM kI 25 nAma mirdeza kiyA hai| unakA jainma se0 1608 meM huA thA, aura mRtyu 72 varSa kI Ayu meM sa0 1680 meM huI thI / 1. praSTAtriMzadupaskRta- saptazatAdhika caturasaha seSu (4735) grathitaH kila nIlakaNTha vijayo'yam // 2. hindutva, pRSTha 627 / 3. hindutva, pRSThe 626 // kalivarSeSu gateSu

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra 536 7 - hindutva ke lekhaka ne likhA hai - ' nRsihAzrama kI preraNA se appayya dIkSita ne 'parimala' 'nyAyarakSAmaNi' aura 'siddhAntaleza' Adi granthoM ko racanA kI thI / " nRsiMhAzrama viracita 'tattvaviveka' grantha kI parisamApti vi0 saM0 1604 meM huI thI, aisA svayaM nirdeza kiyA hai / nRsihAzrama 'prakriyAprasAdakaumudI' ke lekhaka viTThala dvArA smRta 5 gAthAzrama kA ziSya haiM, yaha hama pUrva (pRSTha 437, Ti0 5) likha cuke haiN| briTThala kI prakriyAko mudITIkA kA eka hastalekha vi0 saM0 1536 kA upalabdha hai, yaha bhI hama pUrva ( pRSTha 440 ) likha cuke haiM / 8 - ' saMskRta sAhitya kA itihAsa, ke lekhaka kanhaiyAlAla poddAra appayya dIkSitakA kA kAla san 1657 arthAt vi0 saM0 1714 10 paryanta mAnA hai / ve likhate haiM- 'san 1657 (saM0 1714) meM kAzI muktimaNDapa meM eka sabhA huI thI, jisameM nirNaya kiyA gayA thA ki mahArASTrIya devarSi ( devasakhe ) brAhmaNa paGiktapAvana haiN| isa nirNayapatra para appayya dIkSita ke bhI hastAkSara haiM / yaha nirNayapatra zrI pripuTakara ne 'citale bhaTTa prakaraNa' pustaka meM mudrita karAyA hai / ' 15 niSkarSa - ina uparyukta sabhI pramANoM para vicAra karane ke hama isa nirNaya para pahuMce haiM ki 1 - pipuTakara dvArA prakAzita nirNayapatra nizcaya hI banAvaTI haiM, thavA yaha appayya dIkSita anya vyakti hai / kyoMki nIlakaNTha dIkSita zivalIlArNava kAvya se vidita hotA hai ki usakI racanA ( vi0 20 saM0 1664) taka appayya dIkSita svargata ho cuke the / * 2 - yadi 'hindutva' ke lekhaka rAmadAsa gaur3a kI saMkhyA 6 meM uddhRta mata (saM0 1608 - 1680) svIkAra kiyA jAe, to saMkhyA 7 meM nirdiSTa unhIM ke lekha se (nRsiMhAzrama ne saM0 1604 meM 'tattva viveka' likhA ) viparIta par3atA hai / udhara nRsiMhAzrama ke guru 25 jagannAthAzrama prakriyA kaumudIprasAda ke lekhaka viTThala ke samakAlika Gui Pian 1. hindutva, pRSTha 626 / 3. saM0 sA0 iti 0 bhAga 1, pRSTha 285 / 4. dva0 - pUrva pRSTha 538 Ti0 1 / 1. 0 - pUrva pRSTha 437, Ti0 5 / | 2. hindutva, pRSTha 624 / 30

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540 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 3-hamArA vicAra hai ki appayya dIkSita kA kAla sAmAnyatayA vi0 saM0 1575-1650 ke madhya honA caahie| tabhI viTThala, bhaTToji dIkSita aura nIlakaNTha dIkSita ke lekhoM kA samanvaya ho sakatA hai| saMkhyA 5 para uddhRta pramANa bhI isI kAla ko puSTi 5 karatA hai| 4- hamArA yaha bhI vicAra hai ki appayya dIkSita nAma ke sambhavataH do vyakti hoN| dAkSiNAtya paramparA ke anusAra appayya dIkSita ke pautra kA bhI yahI nAma ho sakatA hai / yadi yaha pramANAntara se parijJAta ho jAe. to sabhI kaThinAiyoM kA samAdhAna anAyAsa ho 10 sakatA hai| 26. nIlakaNTha vAjapeyI (saM0 1600-1675 vi0) nIlakaNTha vAjapeyI ne aSTAdhyAyI para 'pANinIyadIpikA' nAmnI vatti likhI thii| isa vatti kA ullekha nIlakaNTha ne svayaM paribhASA15 vRtti meM kiyA hai|' yaha 'pANinIyadIpikA' vatti sampatti anupalabdha hai / granthakAra ke kAla Adi ke viSaya meM 'mahAbhASya ke TIkAkAra' prakaraNa meM likhA jA cukA hai|' 27. vizvezvara sUri (saM0 1600-1650 vi0) 20 vizvezvara sUri ne aSTAdhyAyI para bhaTToji dIkSita viracita zabdakaustubha ke Adarza para eka ati vistRta vyAkhyA likhI hai| isakA nAma 'vyAkaraNa-siddhAnta-sudhAnidhi' hai| yaha Adi ke tona adhyAyoM taka hI mudrita huaa| zrI dayAnanda bhArgava (adhyakSa saMskRta vibhAga, jodhapura vizva52 vidyAlaya) ne apane 19-11-76 ke patra meM sUcita kiyA hai ki unheM 'vyAkaraNa-siddhAnta-sudhAnidhi ke zeSa 4-8 taka pAMca adhyAya bhI mila gaye haiN| unheM ye adhyAya san 1973 meM jammU ke raghunAtha 1. asmatkRtapANinIyadIpikAyAM spaSTaMm / pRSTha 26 // 2. dra0-pUrva pRSTha 441-442 /

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra 541 mandira ke pustakAlaya se prApta hue| ve isa kA sampAdana kara rahe haiM / paricaya 5. vizvezvara ne apanA nAmamAtra paricaya diyA hai| usake anusAra isa ke pitA kA nAma lakSmIdhara hai / parvatIya vizeSaNa se spaSTa hai ki yaha pArvatya deza kA hai / granthakAra kI mRtyu 32-34 varSa ke vaya meM ho ho gaI thI / kAla - granthakAra ne bhaTTojidIkSita kA sthAna-sthAna para ullekha kiyA hai, parantu usake pautra haridIkSita athavA tatkRta pauDhamanoramAvyAkhyA 'zabdaratna' kA kahIM bhI ullekha na hone se pratIta hotA hai ki 10 vizvezvara sUri ne 'zabdaratna' kI racanA se pUrva apanA grantha likhA thaa|' ataH isakA kAla vi0 saM0 1600-1650 ke madhya honA cAhie / 'hisTrI grApha klAsikala saMskRta liTarecara' ke lekhaka kRSNamAcAriyA ne isakA kAla IsA kI 18 vIM zatI likhA hai / ' vaha cintya hai | jaina lekhakoM kA bhrama - 'saMskRta prAkRta jaina vyAkaraNa aura koza kI paramparA" nAmaka grantha ke pRSTha 101 meM vizvezvara sUri kA paricaya diyA hai / aura pRSTha 140 - 142 taka pANinIya Adi vyAkaraNoM para jainAcAryo ko TIkAeM zIrSaka ke antargata saMkhyA 46 para 'vyAkaraNasiddhAntasudhAnidhi' ke lekhaka 'vizvezvarasUri' kA jainAcArya ke rUpa meM ullekha kiyA hai / isI prakAra isI grantha ke pRSTha 100 meM rAghava sUri peru sUri rAmakRSNa dIkSita sUri zrAdi ko jainAcArya mAnA hai / yaha mahatI bhUla hai / 'sUri' zabdamAtra kA prayoga dekhakara lekhaka ne inheM jainAcArya mAna liyaa| yadi ina granthoM ke maMgalAcaraNoM ko bhI lekhaka ne par3hA hotA to vaha aisI bhUla na karatA / 20 25 1. dra0 - grantha kI bhUmikA | 2. dra0 - pairAgrApha 06, pRSTha 766 / 3. isa grantha meM aneka lekhakoM ke lekha saMgRhIta haiN| ise 'zrI kAlUgaNI janmazatAbdI samAroha samiti' chApara ( rAjasthAna) ne phA0 zu0 2 saM0 2033 meM prakAzita kiyA hai /

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542 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa anya grantha-isake katipaya anya granthoM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM1. tarka-kautUhala 4. AryAsaptazatI 2. alaMkArakaustubha 5. alaGkArakulapradIpa 3. rukmiNIpariNaya 6. rasamajarI-TIkA 5 28. gopAlakRSNa zAstrI (saM0 1650-1700 vi0) . hamane 'mahAbhASya ke TIkAkAra' prakaraNa (pRSTha 444) meM gopAla, kRSNa zAstrI viracita 'zAbdikacintAmaNi' grantha kA ullekha kiyA hai| vahAM hama ne likhA hai ki hameM isa grantha ke 'mahAbhASyavyAkhyA' hone / meM sandeha hai / yadi yaha grantha mahAbhASya kI vyAkhyA na ho, to nizcaya hI yaha aSTAdhyAyI kI vistRta vRttirUpa hogaa| 29. rAmacandra bhaTTa tAre (saM0 1720-1125 vi0) nAgapura ke 'zrI dattAtreya kAzInAtha tAre' mahodaya ne apane 15 17-6-1976 I0 ke patra meM likhA hai "maiMne marAThI meM eka pro0 bha0 dA0 sAThe likhita 'saMskata vyA. karaNa kA itihAsa' pddh'aa| usa meM aisA likhA hai ki zrI nAgezabhaTTa ke ziSya aura vaidyanAtha pAya gUNDe ahobala, ina ke sahapAThI rAmacandra bhaTTa tAre the| unhoMne 'pANini-sUtravRtti' likhI hai / yo aprasiddha hai| zrI 20 rAmacandra bhaTTa kAzI meM rahate the aura Aja bhI unakA bhagna gRha vahAM hai| merI aisI icchA hai ki vaha vRtti saMpAdita karake prasiddha krnaa|...... hameM rAmacandra bhaTTa tAre aura unakI pANini-sUtrakRti kI sUcanA zrI dattAtreya kAzInAtha tAre mahodaya se milI, usake liye hama unake 25 RNi haiM / hameM isa vRtti ke viSaya meM kucha jJAta nahIM haiM /

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra 543 30 gokulacandra (1897 vi0) gokulacandra nAma ke vaiyAkaraNa ne aSTAdhyAyI kI eka saMkSipta vRtti likhI hai / isakA eka hastalekha upalabdha hai|' paricaya gokulacandra ne vRtti ke anta meM apanA jo paricaya diyA hai usake anusAra isake pitA kA nAma 'budhasiMha', mAtA kA nAma 'suzIlA', aura guru kA nAma jagannAtha thaa| isake eka saudarya bhrAtA kA nAma gopAla thA / yaha lekhaka vezya kula kA thaa|' kAla-isakI racanA kA samApti kAla saMvat 1897 mAgha 10 zuklA aSTamI hai| paha vRtti atyanta saMkSipta sUtrodAharaNa mAtra hai| 31. orambhaTa (saM01600 vi0) vaidyanAthabhaTTa vizvarUpa aparanAma orambhaTTa ne 'vyAkaraNadIpikA' 15 mAmnI aSTAdhyAyI kI vRtti bamAI hai / isa vRtti meM vRtti, udAharaNa tathA anya paMktiyA~ prAdi yathAsambhava siddhAntakaumudo se uddhRta kI haiN| ataH jo vyakti siddhAntakaumudI kI phakkikAoM ko aSTAdhyAyI ke krama se par3hanA-par3hAnA cAheM, unake liye yaha grantha kucha upayogI ho sakatA hai| 20 zrIrambha? kAzI-nivAsI mahArASTrIya paNDita hai| yaha kAzI ke prasiddha vidvAna bAlazAstrI ke guru kAzInAtha zAstrI kA samakAlika hai| paM0 kAzInAtha zAstrI ne vi0 saM0 1916 meM kAzI rAjakIya saMskRta mahAvidyAlaya se avakAza grahaNa kiyA thaa| ata. orambhaTTa kA kAla vi0 saM0 1600 ke lagabhaga hai| ___ 1. hamane isa grantha kA nirdeza kisa pustakAlaya ke saMgraha se liyA, yaha saMketa karanA bhUla ge| __2. budhasiMhAta suzIlAyAM labdhamanmA vizAMvaraH / labdhavidyo jagannAthAcchItriyAd brahmaniSThataH // labdhvA sahAyaM saudarya zrIgopAlaM vyadadhAdimAm / vRtti pANinisUtrANAma* gokulacandramAH // saM0 1867 mAgha zuklA assttmii| 30

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544 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 32. svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI (saM0 1981-1940 vi0) __ svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ne pANinIya sUtroM kI 'aSTAdhyAyobhASya' nAmnI vistRta vyAkhyA likhI hai| isake do khaNDa 'vaidika pustakAlaya ajamera' se prakAzita ho cuke haiM / paricaya vaMza-svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI kA janma kAThiyAvAr3a ke antargata TaMkArA nagara ke audIcya brAhmaNakula meM harA thaa| inake pitA sAmavedI brAhmaNa the / bahuta anusandhAna ke anantara inake pitA kA nAma karzanajI tivAr3I jJAta huA hai / svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI kA 10 bAlyakAla kA nAma mUlajI thaa| sambhavataH inheM mUlazaMkara bhI kahate the / mUlajI ke pitA zaivamatAvalambI the / ye atyanta dharmaniSTha, dar3hacaritra aura dhanadhAnya se pUrNa vaibhavazAlI vyakti the / ___ bhAI bahana-mUlajI ke do kaniSTha saudarya bhAI the| una meM se eka kA nAma ballabhajI thaa| unakI do bahana thI, jinameM bar3o premAbAI 15 kA vivAha maGgalajI lolArAvajI ke sAtha huA thA / choTI bahina kI mRtyu vacapana meM mUlajI ke sAmane ho gaI thii| inake vaimAtRka cAra bhAI the| unake vaMzaja Aja bhI vidyamAna haiM / ' / prArambhika adhyayana aura gRhatyAga-mUlajI kA pAMca varSa kI avasthA meM vidyArambha, aura pATha varSa kI avasthA meM upanayana saMskAra 20 hayA thaa| sAmavedI hone para bhI inake pitA ne zaivamatAvalambI hone ke kAraNa mUlajI ko prathama rudrAdhyAya aura pazcAt samagra yajurveda kaNThAna karAyA thaa| ghara meM rahate hue mUlajI ne vyAkaraNa Adi kA bhI kucha adhyayana kiyA thaa| vAlyakAla meM apane cAcA aura choTI bhaginI kI mRtyu se inake mana meM vairAgya kI bhAvanA uThI, aura vaha 25 uttarottara bar3hatI hI calI gii| inake pitA ne mUlajI ke mana kI bhAvanA ko samajha kara inako vivAha bandhana meM bAMdhane kA prayatna kiyA, parantu mUlajI apane saMkalpa meM dRr3ha the| ata vivAha ko sampUrNa taiyArI ho jAne para unhoMne eka dina sAyaMkAla apane bhautika saMpati 1. dra0-hamArI 'maharSi dayAnanda sarasvatI kA bhrAtRvaMza aura svasavaMza' 3.0 pustikaa|

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66 aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra 545 se paripUrNa gRha kA sarvadA ke lie parityAga kara diyaa| isa samaya inakI prAyu lagabhaga 22 varSa kI thI / yaha ghaTanA vi0 saMvat 1903 kI hai / gRha-parityAga ke anantara yogiyoM ke anveSaNa aura sacce ziva ke darzana kI lAlasA se lagabhaga pandraha varSa taka hiMsra jantunoM se paripUrNa 5 bhayAnaka vana kandarA aura himAlaya kI UMcI-UMcI sadA barpha se DhakI coTiyoM para bhramaNa karate rahe / isa kAla meM inhoMne yoga kI vividha kriyAyoM aura aneka zAstroM kA adhyayana kiyA / guru - narvadA taTIya cANodakanyAlI meM mUlajI ne svAmI pUrNAnanda sarasvatI nAmaka saMnyAsI se saMnyAsa grahaNa kiyA, aura dayAnanda 10 sarasvatI nAma pAyA / narmadA srota ko yAtrA meM inhoMne mathurAnivAsI prajJAcakSu daNDI virajAnanda svAmI ke pANDitya kI prazaMsA sunI / ataH usa yAtrA kI parisamApti para unhoMne mathurA zrAkara vi0 saM0 1997 - 1920 taka lagabhaga 3 varSa svAmI virajAnanda se vyAkaraNa Adi zAstroM kA adhyayana kiyA / svAmI virajAnanda vyA- 15 karaNazAstra ke zradvitIya vidvAn the / inakI vyAkaraNa ke navya aura prAcIna sabhI granthoM meM avyAhata gati thI / tAtkAlika samasta paNDita - samAja para inake vyAkaraNajJAna kI dhAka thI / svAmI dayAnanda bhI inheM 'vyAkaraNa kA sUrya' kahA karate the / inhIM ke prayatna se komudI Adi ke paThana-pAThana se naSTaprAyaH mahAbhASya ke paThana-pAThana kA punaH 20 pravartana huA thA, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiM / ' 1 kAla svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI kA janma vi0 saM0 1881 meM huA thA / inake janma kI tithi prAzvina badi 7 kahI jAtI hai / kaI pauSa meM mAnate haiM / inakA svargavAsa vi0 saM0 1940 kArtika kRSNA pramA- 25 vAsyA dIpAvalI ke dina sAyaM 6 baje huA thA / aSTAdhyAyI bhASya svAmI dayAnanda ke 15 agasta san 1878 I0 ( prASAr3ha badi 2 saM0 1935 vi0) ke patra se jJAta hotA hai ki bhraSTAdhyAyI bhASya kI 1. dra0 - pUrva pRSTha379 - 380 / 30

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546 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa racanA ukta tithi se pUrva prArambha ho gaI thii|' eka anya patra se vidita hotA hai ki 24 apraila san 1876 taka aSTAdhyAyI-bhASya ke cAra adhyAya bana cake the| cauthe adhyAya se Age banane kA ullekha unake kisI upalabdha patra meM nahIM miltaa| svAmI dayAnanda ke aneka patroM se vidita hotA hai ki paryApta grAhaka na milane se ve ise apane jIvanakAla meM prakAzita nahIM kara sake / svAmIjI kI mRtyu ke kitane hI varSa pazcAt unakI sthAnApanna paropakAriNI sabhA ne isake do bhAga prakAzita kiye, jinameM tIsare adhyAya taka kA bhASya hai| cauthA adhyAya abhI (san 1986) taka prakAzita nahIM huaa| isake prathama 10 bhAga (a0 111-2 tathA a0 2) kA sampAdana DA0 raghuvIra ema. e. ne kiyA hai / tRtIya aura caturtha adhyAya kA sampAdana hamAre pUjya prAcArya zrI paM0 brahmadatta jI jijJAsU ne kiyA hai| isameM maiMne bhI sahAyaka rUpa se kucha kArya kiyA hai| isa aSTAdhyAyI-bhASya ke viSaya meM hamane 'RSi dayAnanda sarasvatI ke granthoM kA itihAsa' grantha 15 meM vistAra se likhA hai, ataH vizeSa vahIM dekheN| pUjya AcArya zrI paM0 brahmadatta jI jijJAsu ne cauthe adhyAya kI presa kApI banAkara sana 1942 meM paropakAriNI sabhA ko de dI thI, parantu usa ne use abhI taka (san 1983 paryanta) prakAzita nahIM kiyaa| aba sunane meM AyA hai ki vaha presa kApI guma ho gaI hai / 20 dIrghasUtritA kA yahI pariNAma hotA hai / vizeSa-yahAM yaha dhyAna rahe ki svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI kA jo aSTAdhyAyI-bhASya chapA hai, vaha usakI pANDulipi (rapha kApI) mAtra ke AdhAra para prakAzita huA hai| granthakAra usakA punaH avalokana bhI nahIM kara pAe the| ataH raphakApI mAtra ke AdhAra para chape prathama 25 bhAga meM yatra-tatra bhUleM bhI vidyamAna haiN| anya grantha - svAmI dayAnanda ne apane daza varSa ke kAryakAla (saM0 19311640 vi0 taka) meM lagabhaga 50 grantha race haiN| unameM satyArthaprakAza, 1. RSi dayAnanda ke patra aura vijJApana, bhAga 1, pRSTha 201, ta0 saM0 / 2. vahI, bhAga 2, pUrNa saMkhyA 207 pRSTha 256, tR0 saM0 / 30

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aSTAdhyAyo ke vRttikAra 547 saMskAravidhi, RgvedAdibhASyabhUmikA, RgvedabhASya, yajurvedabhASya caturvedaviSayasUcI Adi mukhya haiM / svAmI dayAnanda ke samasta granthoM kA varNana hamane 'RSi dayAnanda sarasvatI ke granthoM kA itihAsa nAmaka grantha meM vistAra se kiyA hai| yaha grantha san 1950 meM prathama vAra prakAzita huA thaa| abhI-abhI isa kA pariSkRta tathA 5 parivardhita dvitIya saMskaraNa prakAzita huA hai|' uNAdikoSa kI vRtti kA varNana hamane 'uNAdisUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA' nAmaka 24 veM adhyAya meM kiyA hai / aba hama una vRttikAroM kA varNana karate haiM, jinakA kAla ajJAta 10 ajJAtakAlika vRtti-grantha 33. nArAyaNa sudhI nArAyaNa sudhI viracita 'aSTAdhyAyI-pradIpa' aparanAma 'zabdabhUSaNa' ke hastalekha madrAsa, aDiyAra aura tajaura ke rAjakIya pusta- 15 kAlayoM meM vidyamAna haiM / madrAsa ke rAjakIya pustakAlaya ke sUcIpatra bhAga 4 khaNDa A. pRSTha 4275 para nirdiSTa hastalekha ke anta meM nimna pATha hai 'iti zrIgovindapuravAstavyanArAyaNasudhIviracite savAttikASTAdhyAyIpradIpe zabdabhUSaNe aSTamAdhyAyasya caturthaH pAdaH' / 20 yaha vyAkhyA bahuta vistRta hai / isameM upayogI vArtikoM kA bhI . samAveza hai / tRtIyAdhyAya ke dvitIya pAda ke anantara uNAdisUtra aura SaSThAdhyAya ke dvitIyapAda ke pazcAt phiTsUtra bhI vyAkhyAta haiM / nArAyaNa sudhI kA deza kAla ajJAta hai| 34. rudradhara rudradharakRta aSTAdhyAyIvRtti kA eka hastalekha kAzI ke sarasvatI 1. rAmalAla kapUra TrasTa, bahAlagar3ha (sonIpata-harayANA) se prApya /

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548 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa bhavana ke saMgraha meM vidyamAna hai / dekho-saMgraha saM0 19 (purAnA) veSTana saMkhyA 13 / rudradhara maithila paNDita hai / isakA kAla ajJAta hai| 5 35. udayana udayanakRta 'mitavRttyarthasaMgraha' nAmnI vRtti kA eka hastalekha jammU ke raghunAthamandira ke pustakAlaya meM hai / dekho--sUcIpatra pRSTha 45 / isa vRtti ke ukta hastalekha ke prArambha meM nimna zloka milatA munitrayamataM jJAtvA vRttIrAlocya yatnataH / karotyudayanaH sAdhumitavRtyarthasaMgraham // udayana ne isa grantha meM kAzikAvRtti kA saMkSepa kiyA hai / granthakAra kA deza kAla ajJAta hai| yaha naiyAyika udayana se bhinna vyakti 36. udayaGkara maTTa udayaGkara bhaTTa nAma ke kisI vaiyAkaraNa ne 'paribhASApradIpAci' nAmaka eka grantha likhA hai / usake Adi meM pATha hai kRtvA pANinisUtrANAM mitavRttyarthasaMgraham / paribhASApradIpAcistatropAyo nirUpyate // isase jJAta hotA hai ki udayaGkara bhaTTa ne bhI pANinIya sUtra para 'mitavRttyarthasaMgraha' nAmnI koI vyAkhyA likhI thii| 'paribhASApradIpAci' ke viSaya meM paribhASA pATha ke prabaktA aura vyAkhyAtA' nAmaka 26 veM adhyAya meM likheNge| 37. rAmacandra rAmacandra ne aSTAdhyAyI kI eka vRtti likhI haiN| usameM usane bhI kAzikAvRtti kA saMkSepa kiyA hai| isake prArambha ke zloka se

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra 546 vidita hotA hai ki rAmacandra ne yaha nAgojI kI preraNA se likhI thii|' yaha nAgojI sambhavataH prasiddha vaiyAkaraNa nAgeza bhaTTa ho / eka 'rAmacandra zeSavaMzIya nAgojI bhaTTa kA putra hai / vaha mahAbhASya vyAkhyAkAra zeSa nArAyaNa kA ziSya hai / rAmacandra aura nAgojI nAma kI ubhayatra samAnatA hone para bhI putra aura preraka sambandha ke bhinna hone se ye pRthak vyakti haiM, yaha nirvivAda hai / yaha rAmacandra pUrva saMkhyA 26 para nirdiSTa (pRSTha 542) rAmacandra bhaTTa tAre se bhinna vyakti haiM athavA abhinna, yaha vicAraNIya hai| 5 38. sadAnanda nAtha sadAnanda nAtha ne aSTAdhyAyI kI 'tatvadIpikA' nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai| isa vRtti kA nirdeza 'yogapracAriNI gorakSA TIlA kAzI' se prakAzita zrInAthagranthasUcI ke pRSTha 16 para milatA hai / sUcIpatra ke anusAra yaha jodhapura durga pustakAlaya meM saMkhyA 2757 / 13 para nirdiSTa hai, arthAt yaha vRtti jodhapura meM surakSita hai / 36. pANinIya-laghuci yaha vRtti zlokabaddha hai| dekho-TriveNDama pustakAlaya kA sUcIpatra bhAga 5, granthAMka 105 / zlokabaddha pANinIyasUtravRtti kA eka hastalekha 'maisUra ke rAjakIya 20 pustakAlaya' meM bhI hai| dekho-san 1922 kA sUcIpatra pRSTha 315, granyAGka 4750 / ye donoM grantha eka hI haiM, athavA pRthak-pRthak yaha ajJAta hai| __pANinIyasUtra-laghu [vRtti vivRtti yaha pUrvokta laghuvRtti kI zlokabaddha TIkA hai / yaha TIkA rAma- 25 1. nAgojIviduSA prokto rAmacandro yathAmati / .. zabdazAstraM samAlokya kurve'haM vRttisaMgraham // 2. isane siddhAntakaumudI kI vyAkhyA likhI thii| isa kA varNana pAge, hogaa|

Page #587
granthAGka 550 . saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa zAlI kSetra nivAsI kisI dvijanmA kI racanA hai / dekho-TriveNDama ke rAjakIya pustakAlaya kA sUcIpatra, bhAga 6, granthAGka 34 / ___ maisUra rAjakIya pustakAlaya ke sUcIpatra, pRSTha 315 para 'pANi nIyasUtravatti TippaNI' nAmaka grantha kA ullekha haiN| usakA kartA 5 'devasahAya' hai| aSTAdhyAyI kI ajJAtakartRka vRttiyAM madrAsa rAjakIya pustakAlaya ke naye chape hue bRhat sUcIpatra meM aSTAdhyAyI kI 5 vRttiyoM kA ullekha milatA hai / ve nimna haiM granthanAma 40. pANinIya sUtravRtti 11577 41. pANinIya-sUtravivaraNa 11578 42. pAginIya-sUtravivRti 11579 43. pANinIya-sUtravikRti laghutti kArikA 11580 44. pANinIya-sUtravyAkhyAna udAharaNa zlokasahita 11581 ' sambhavataH antima grantha vahIM hai jo madrAsa gavarnameNTa aoriyaNTala sIrija meM do bhAgoM meM chapa cukA hai / isa kA lekhaka maNalUra-vIrarAghavAcArya hai| isa meM siddhAntakaumudI meM bhaTToji dIkSita dvArA udAhRta udAharaNoM ke prayoga nidarzanArtha vividha granthoM se zloka udAhRta kiye haiN| yadi upari nirdiSTa vahI grantha hai jo madrAsa se chapA hai to vaha aSTAdhyAyI kI vRtti nahIM hai| ___45, 46-DI0 e0 vI0 kAleja lAhaura ke lAlacanda pustakAlaya meM pANinIya sUtra kI do vRttiyAM vidyamAna haiN| dekho-granthAGka 3750, 6281 / ye donoM vRttiyAM kerala lipi meM likhI huI haiM / 47-sarasvatIbhavana kAzI ke saMgraha meM pANinIyASTaka kI eka ajJAtakartRka vRtti vartamAna hai| dekho-mahIdhara saMgraha veSTana saM0 28 / isa prakAra anya pustakAlayoM meM bhI aneka aSTAdhyAyI-vattiyoM ke hastalekha vidyamAna haiM / ina saba kA anveSaNa honA paramAvazyaka hai|

Page #588
aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra aSTAdhyAyI kI abhinava vRttiyAM aSTAdhyAyI krama kA punaruddhAra hama pUrva (pRSTha 379 - 380) likha cuke haiM ki vikrama kI 18 vIM aura 16vIM zatAbdI meM prakriyAnusArI siddhAntakaumudI ke mAdhyama se pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke paThana-pAThana kA atyadhika pracAra hone se mahAbhASya aura aSTAdhyAyIsUtrapATha ke kramAnusAra pANinIya zAstra ke paThana-pAThana kA lopa ho gayA thA / pANinIya sUtra-krama se zAstra ke adhyayana-adhyApana kA lopa ho jAne aura prakriyA granthoM ke pracAra ke kAraNa pANinIya vyAkaraNa pratyanta durUha bana gayA thA / ' vikrama kI 20 vIM zatI ke Arambha meM pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke adhyanAdhyApana kI 10 isa kaThinAI ke mUla kAraNa aura use dUra karane kA upAya mathurAvAsI vaiyAkaraNamUrdhanya svAmI virajAnanda sarasvatI ko upajJAta huA / tatpazcAt unhoMne siddhAntakaumudI zrAdi prakriyA granthoM ke adhyApana kA parityAga kara ke pANinIya sUtra-krama se pANinIya vyA karaNa ke paThana-pAThana ko Arambha kiyA / unake ziSya svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ne isa krama kI mahattA ko samajha kara isake pracAra ke liye unhoMne pharrukhAbAda, mirjApura, kAsagaMja ( eTA), chalesara (alIgar3ha), kAzI, lakhanaU aura dAnApura Adi meM pAThazAlAeM sthApita kI aura apane satyArthaprakAza tathA saMskAravidhi Adi granthoM granthoM ke paThana-pAThana kI eka viziSTa paddhati kA ullekha 15 551 kiyA / " svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI kI zikSA se anuprANita prAryasamAja ne 20 1. isa ke vistAra se parijJAna ke liye zrAge 'pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke prakriyA granthakAra' nAmaka 17 veM adhyAya kA prArambhika bhAga dekheM / 2. dra0 - virajAnanda prakAza, lekhaka paM0 bhImasena zAstrI, pRSTha 60-76 25 - tu0 saM0 (saM0 2035 vi0 ) / 3. dra0 - R0 dayAnanda ke patra aura vijJApana, tathA una ko likhe gaye patra aura vijJApanoM kA abhinava saMskaraNa, bhAga 4, pariziSTa 6 ( pRSTha 655-664), san 1883 / 4. dra0 - satyArthaprakAza, tRtIya samullAsa ke anta meM; saMskAravidhi - 30 vedArambha saMskAra ke anta meM /

Page #589
552 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa , zatazaH gurukuloM tathA vidyAlayoM kI sthApanA karake prAcIna prArSa-granthoM -pAThana ko punarjAgRta kiyA / saMskRta vAG maya ke adhyayana krama meM vyAkaraNa zAstra ko prathama sthAna prApta haiM / ataH svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ke nidhana ke samanantara hI pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI para saMskRta 5 tathA hindI meM vRtti-granthoM ke praNayana kA krama Arambha ho gayA / aba taka aSTAdhyAyI para aneka vRtti grantha pUrNa vA apUrNa likhe gaye tathA mudrita hue| rAmalAla kapUra TrasTa, bahAlagar3ha ( sonIpata - harayANA ) ke pustakAlaya meM jo katipaya grantha surakSita hai, unakA prati saMkSepa se nIce ullekha kiyA jAtA hai / isa se pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke paThana10 pAThana ke krama meM svAmI virajAnanda sarasvatI aura unake ziSya svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ne jo krAnti kI thI, usa kA kucha AbhAsa pAThakoM ko mila sakegA / svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI viracita aSTAdhyAyI bhASya kA varNana hama pUrva pRSTha 544 se 547 para kara cuke haiM / 1. devadatta zAstrI (saM0 1943 vi0 ) ' 15 haridvAra nivAsI paM0 devadatta zAstrI ne aSTAdhyAyI kI saMskRta bhASA meM saMkSipta vRtti likhane kA upakrama kiyA thA / isa kA prathamA dhyAya 'aSTAdhyAyI' zIrSaka se vi0 saM0 1943 meM lakhanaU ke kAnya kubjayantrAlaya ( lItho) meM chapA upalabdha hai|' isa ke mukhapRSTha para ATha adhyAyoM ko ATha bhAgoM meM prakAzita karane kA nirdeza hai / agale bhAga chape vA nahIM hameM jJAta nahIM hai / 20 isa vRtti meM sUtra kI saMskRta meM vRtti, udAharaNa aura pratyudAharaNa diye gaye haiM / prathamAdhyAya 20 X 26 AThapejI prakAra meM 46 pRSThoM meM chapA hai / 2 - gopAladatta aura gaNezadatta (saM0 1650 vi0 ) ' gopAladatta devagaNa zarmA tathA gaNezadatta zarmA dvArA AryabhASA (hindI) meM likhita tathA mudrita vRtti ke tIna adhyAya milate haiM / * 25 30 1. yaha kAla vRtti para chapA huA hai / 2. rA0 lA0 ka0 TrasTa pustakAlaya, saMkhyA 13.1.26/1313 / 3. yaha kAla vRtti para chape hue san 1863 ke anusAra hai / 4. rA0 lA0 ka0 TrasTa pustakAlaya, saMkhyA 13.1.27/1314 //

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70 aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra 553 ina meM prathama do adhyAya gopAladatta zarmA likhita haiM aura tRtIya adhyAya gaNezadatta zarmA dvArA / pratyeka adhyAya alaga-alaga chapA thaa| kAla-isa vyAkhyA ke tIsare adhyAya ke bhAga para mudraNa kAla san 1863 (=saM0 1950) chapA hai| ataH yaha vyAkhyA isI samaya 5 likhI gaI hogii| isa vyAkhyA meM pratyeka sUtra kI hindI meM vRtti aura udAharaNa diye gaye haiN| yaha vyAkhyA aiGgalo saMskRta yantrAlaya anArakalI lAhaura meM chapI thii| isa kA prakAzana lAlA rAmasahAyI narUlA bhUtapUrva koSAdhyakSa 10 AryasamAja lAhaura ne kiyA thaa| agale adhyAyoM kI vyAkhyA likhI gaI vA nahIM, chapI athavA nahIM chapI, yaha hameM jJAta nahIM ho skaa| 3-bhImasena zarmA (saM0 1911-1674 vi0) 15 paM0 bhImasena zarmA ne pANinIya aSTaka para saMskRta aura hindI bhASA meM eka vRtti likhI thI / isa meM pratyeka sUtra kI padaccheda vibhakti nirdeza pUrvaka saMskRta aura hindI meM vRtti praura udAharaNa diye gaye haiM / yaha vRtti pUrvArdha aura uttarArdha do bhAgoM meM chapI thii| hamAre saMgraha meM isa ke prathama bhAga kI saM0 1961 meM dvitIya bAra chape 20 prathama bhAga kI eka prati hai|' isa se spaSTa hai ki paM. bhImasena zarmA ne aSTAdhyAyI kI vRtti saM0 1951-1955 ke madhya likhI hogii| paricaya-paM0 bhImasena kA janma uttara pradeza ke eTA jile ke 1. dra0 rA0 lA0 ka0 Tra0 pustakAlaya, saMkhyA 13.1.26/1316 // 2. bhImasena zarmA ne saM0 1650 meM gaNaratnamahodadhi chapavAI thii| usakI 52 , pITha para chapI grantha sUcI meM pANinIyASTaka kA ullekha nahIM hai / prathama AvRtti ke bikane meM bhI kucha samaya lagA hogaa| prata: saM0 1951-1955 kI hamane kalpanA kI hai| 3. pragalA paricaya pUrNasiMha varmA likhita paM0 bhImaseva zarmA kA jIvana carita, saM0 1975 ke AdhAra para diyA hai|

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554 saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa 'lAlapura' grAma meM saM0 1911 kArtika zuklA 5 ko huA thA / ina ke pitA kA nAma nekarAma zarmA thA / Apa sanADhya brAhmaNavaMzI the / 12 varSa kI avasthA meM ina kA upanayana huA / ghara meM hindI urdU zraura apane jyeSTha bhrAtA dharmadatta se kucha saMskRta adhyayana kiyA 5 vizeSa adhyayana - svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ne prArSa granthoM ke paThana-pAThana ke liye saM0 1626 meM pharrukhAbAda meM vahAM ke seTha nirbhaya - rAma ke sahayoga se eka saMskRta pAThazAlA prArambha kii| usa meM saM0 1929 ko satraha varSa kI avasthA meM bhImasena usa pAThazAlA meM bharatI hue| yahAM unhoMne mahAbhASya paryanta pANinIya vyAkaraNa kA adhyayana kiyA / CID F 1758 10 " svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ke sAtha paM0 bhImasena kA saM0 1629 meM jo samparka huA, vaha una ke nidhana paryanta vidyamAna rhaa| paM0 bhImasena svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ke vedabhASya kI saMskRta kA bhASAnuvAda tathA chapane vAle granthoM kA saMzodhana karate rahe | svAmI jI ke nidhana ke pazcAt unake dvArA sthApita paropakAriNI sabhA ke 15 adhIna kArya karate hue svAmI jI dvArA likhe gaye pramudrita Rgveda aura yajurveda bhASya kA saMzodhanAdi kArya karate rahe / saM0 1957 taka Apa kA svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI dvArA pravartita prAryasamAja ke sAtha saMmbandha rahA / saM0 1955 meM cUru ( rAmagar3ha - rAjasthAna) meM agniSToma yAga karAyA / isameM pazu ke sthAna meM piSTapazu kA upayoga kiyA / 20 isI ghaTanA se AryasamAja se Apa kA sambandha TUTa gayA / tadanantara Apane paramparAgata paurANika dharma kA maNDana Arambha kara diyA / Apa kA svargavAsa 64 varSa kI avasthA meM saM0 1974 caitra kRSNA 12 ko 'naravara' meM huA / grantha nirmANa - Apa ne donoM pakSoM meM rahate hue aneka granthoM kA 25 praNayana kiyA aura saMskRta ke aneka durlabha granthoM ko prakAzita kiyA / inakI sUcI prati vistRta hai / 4. jvAlAdatta zarmA ( ? ) hamAre pustakAlaya meM aSTAdhyAyI kI eka chapI huI adhUrI pustaka

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra .. 555 hai jisa kI saMkhyA 13.1.26 1316 hai|' yaha vRtti prArambha se prathamAdhyAya ke tRtIya pAda ke 77 veM sUtra (adhUrI) taka hai| yaha 20426 aThapejI AkAra ke 152 pRSTha taka hai| Adyanta kA mukha patra na hone se grantha ke lekhaka kA nAma tathA mudraNa kAla ajJAta hai / isa vRtti ke prArambha meM lage pRSTha para pUjya guruvara paM0 brahmadatta / jijJAsU ke hAtha kA lekha hai-paM0 jvAlAdatta,kRta iTAvA, paM0 bhImasena presa / unhoMne sambhavataH anya kisI prati ke AdhAra para yaha ullekha apanI prati para kiyA hogaa| paricaya-jvAlAdatta zarmA kAnyakubja brAhmaNa the| inhoMne bhI svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI dvArA saMsthApita pharrukhAbAda kI pAThazAlA 10 meM adhyayana kiyA thaa| tatpazcAt ye bhI bhImasena zarmA ke samAna hI svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ke vedabhASya kI saMskRta kA bhASAnuvAda kA kArya tathA vaidika yantrAlaya meM rahate hueM saMzodhana ko kArya karate rhe| isa se adhika 'ina ke viSaya meM kucha jJAta nahIM hai| " 5. jIvArAma zarmA (saM0 1962 vi0) ... murAdAbAda nagarastha 'baladeva. Arya saMskRta pAThazAlA' ke prathama adhyApaka jIvArAma zarmA ne aSTAdhyAyI kI saMskRta aura hindI meM eka vRtti likhI / isa vRtti kA prathama saMskaraNa san 1905 (-- saM0 1962 vi0) meM prakAzita huaa| .... .... 20 - isa vRtti meM sUtrapATha ke Upara hI 1-2-3 Adi saMkhyA ke nirdeza dvArA sUtrastha padoM kI vibhaktiyoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai / tatpazcAta saMskRta meM sUtra kI vRtti aura udAharaNoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| tadanantara hindI meM sUtra kI vRtti likhI hai| 1. paM0 bhImasena zarmA kRta aSTAdhyAyI vRtti aura isa mupti para bhUla se 25 eka hI saMkhyA par3a gaI hai| 2. dra0 paM0 lekharAmakRta svAmI dayAnanda kA jIvana carita, hindI saM0, .. ! pRSTha, 805 saM0 2028 vi0 dehalI 3. yaha kAla grantha ke prathama saMskaraNa ke san 1905 ke anusAra, diyA hai| .

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa- zAstra kA itihAsa jIvArAma zarmA ne saMskRta bhASA ke pracAra ke liye aneka pustikAoM kA praNayana kiyA / paJcatantra meM se azlIlAMza nikAla kara bhASAnuvAda sahita prakAzita kiyA / 5 556 6. gaGgAdatta zarmA (saM0 1923 - 1990 ) gaGgAdatta zarmA ne gurukula kAMgar3I (haridvAra) meM adhyApana karate hue aSTAdhyAyI kI saMskRta meM eka nAtilaghu nAtivistRta madhyama mArgIya 'tattvaprakAzikA' nAmnI vRtti kA praNayana kiyaa| usa kA 10 prathama bhAga saM0 1932 meM aura dvitIya bhAga saM0 1964 meM saddharma pracAraka yantrAlaya jAlandhara se prakAzita huA / isa kA dvitIya saMskaraNa saM0 2006 meM gurukula mudraNAlaya, gurukula kAMgar3I ( sahAranapura) se prakAzita huprA / paricaya - gaGgAdatta zarmA kA janma 'belauna' ( bulandazahara ) meM 15 sanADhya brAhmaNa kula meM saMvat 1923 meM huA thA / Apa ke pitA kA nAma zrI hemarAja vaidya thA / Apane saM0 1944-45 meM mathurA meM svAmI virajAnanda sarasvatI ke ziSya udayaprakAza jI se praSTAdhyAyI par3hI / kAzI ke prasiddha vidvAn kAzInAtha jI se navIna vyAkaraNa aura darzanoM kA adhyayana kiyA, haranAdatta bhASyAcArya se mahAbhASya 20 par3hA / saM0 1957 se 1962 taka gurukula kAMgar3o meM vyAkaraNa par3hAte rahe / saM0 1964 meM gurukula mahAvidyAlaya jvAlApura kA prAcArya pada svIkAra kiyA aura anta (saM0 1990) taka vahIM adhyApana karate rahe / san 1972 meM sIdhe brahmacarya se sanyAsa kI dIkSA grahaNa kI svAmI zuddhabodha tIrtha nAma se prasiddha hue / Apa kA svargavAsa 25 saM0 1960 prAzvina zuklA 7 mI bhaumavAra ko huA / 1 4. jAnakI lAla mAthura ( sambhavataH saM0 1985) jayapura nivAsI rAjakumAra mAthura ke putra jAnakIlAla mAthura ne 1. ina ke vistRta paricaya ke lie paM0 bhImasena zAstrI likhita 30 virajAnanda prakAza, pRSTha 108 - 112 (tR0 saM0) dekheM /

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aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra' 557 jayapurAdhIza savAI mAdhavasiMha kI mAtA rUpakumArI kI AjJA se aSTAdhyAyI kI eka vRtti likhI / isa kA saMzodhana paM0 zivadatta dAdhimatha ne kiyA aura lAhaura ke 'muphIda prAma' presa meM chapa kara prakAzita huI / pustaka pANinIya vyAkaraNAdhyetAoM ko vinA mUlya dI gaI / pustaka prakAzana kA kAla mukha patra para nahIM chapA hai / sambhavataH yaha san 1928 (vi0 1985) meM vA usa se pUrva chapI thii| kyoMki isa kAla meM adhyayana karate hue maiMne isa kA upayoga kiyA thaa| ___ isa vRtti meM saMskRta meM saMkSipta vRtti, udAharaNa tathA upayogI vArtikoM kA bhI sodAharaNa sanniveza hai| isa kI vizeSatA yaha hai ki vaidika aura svara prakaraNa ke sUtroM ke udAharaNa sasvara chApe gaye haiN| pANinIya vyAkaraNa kA aSTAdhyAyI krama se vyAkaraNa adhyayana karane vAloM ke liye zAstra kI prAvRtti ke liye yaha atyanta upayogI hai| lekhaka ko vyAkaraNa zAstra kI upasthiti rakhane meM isa vRtti ke pATha se bahuta sahAyatA milI / varSoM taka maiM isa vRtti kA pArAyaNa karatA rhaa| 10 8. brahmadatta jijJAsu (saM0 1949-2021 vi0) guruvara zrI paM0 brahmadatta jI jijJAsu ne lagabhaga 40 varSa taka aSTAdhyAyI mahAbhASya ke krama se zatazaH chAtroM ko pANinIya vyAkaraNa par3hAne se prApta viziSTa anubhava ke pazcAt saM0 2017 meM 20 aSTAdhyAyI para vRtti likhane kA upakrama kiyaa| svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ne praSTAdhyAyI kI prathama bhAvRtti par3hane par3hAne kI vidhi satyArthaprakAza meM isa prakAra likhI hai_ "tadanantara dhyAkaraNa arthAt prathama aSTAdhyAyI ke sUtroM kA pATha, . jaise 'vddhiraadec'| phira padaccheda, jaise 'baddhiH prAt aica vA prAdaca / 25 phira samAsa-'pAcca aicca prAdec' / aura artha jaise 'prAdecAM vRddhisaMjJA kriyate, arthAt A, ai, au kI vRddhisaMjJA [kI jAtI hai / 'taH paro yasmAtsa taparastAdapi parastaparaH' takAra jisase pare aura jo takAra se bhI pare ho vaha tapara kahAtA hai / isase pA siddha huA, jo AkAra se pare ta, aura ta se pare aica donoM tapara haiM / tapara kA prayojana 30 yaha hai ki hrasva aura pluta kI vRddhi saMjJA na huii|

Page #595
558 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa udAharaNa- 'bhAgaH' yahAM bhaja' dhAtu se 'ghana' pratyaya ke pare 'gha, ' kI itsaMjJA hokara lopa ho gyaa| pazcAt 'bhaj a yahAM jakAra se pUrva bhakArottara prakAra ko vRddhisaMjJaka prAkAra ho gayA hai, to 'bhAj' punaH 'j' ko g ho prakAra ke sAtha milake 'bhAgaH' aisA prayoga huaa| 'adhyAyaH'. yahAM adhipUrvaka 'iGa' dhAtu ke hrasva i ke sthAna meM 'gha' pratyaya ke pare 'ai' vRddhi aura usako 'pAya' ho milake adhyaayH| 'nAyakaH' yahAM 'nIm' dhAtu ke dIrgha IkAra ke sthAna meM 'Nvul' 10 pratyaya ke pare 'ai' vRddhi aura usako 'prAya' hokara milake 'nAyakaH' / aura 'stAvakaH' yahAM 'stu' dhAtu se 'Nvula' pratyaya hokara hrasva ukAra ke sthAna meM 'nau' vRddhi [aura] 'prAva' Adeza hokara prakAra meM mila gayA, to 'staavkH'| . . . __ 'kRJ' dhAtu se Age 'Nvula' pratyaya, 'la' kI itsaMjJA hoke lopa, 15 'vu' ke sthAna meM aka prAdeza, praura. RkAra ke sthAna meM 'Ara' vRddhi hokara 'kArakaH' siddha huaaa| ............... ___ jo-jo sUtra Age-pIche ke prayoga meM lageM, unakA kArya saba batalAtA jAya / aura sileTa athavA lakar3I ke paTTe para dikhalA. dikhalAke kaccA rUpa dharake, jaise-'bhaja+gha+su' isa prakAra dheraike prathama prakAra kA lopa, pazcAt ghakAra ko, phira J kA lopa hokara 'bhaj++su' aisA rahA / phira [a ko prAkAra vRddhi aura] 'j" ke sthAna meM 'g' hone se 'bhAg+a+su', punaH prakAra meM mila jAne se 'bhAga+su' rahA / aba ukAra kI itsaMjJA, 's' ke sthAna meM 'ru' hokara pUnaH ukAra kI itsaMjJA aura lopa ho jAne ke pazcAt 'bhAgara' aisA 25 rahA / ava reka ke sthAna meM (:) visajanIya hokara 'bhAgaH' yaha rUpa siddha huaaa| jisa-jisa sUtra se jo-jo kArya hotA hai. usa-usa ko par3ha par3hAke aura likhavA kara kArya karAtA jAya / isa prakAra par3hane-par3hAne se bahuta zIghra dRr3ha bodha hotA hai|"1 __isa nirdeza ke anusAra prAcAryavara ne apane aSTAdhyAyobhASya30 1. satyArthaprakAza, tRtIya samullAsa, AryasamAja zatAbdI saM0 2 (rA. lA0 ka0 Tra0), pRSTha 111-112 /

Page #596
aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra 556 prathamAvRtti meM prathama saMskRta bhASA meM pratisUtra padaccheda, vibhakti, samAsa, anuvRtti, sUtra-vRtti aura udAharaNa dekara hindI meM vivaraNa prastuta kiyA hai / sUtra ke udAharaNoM kI siddhi kA svarUpa pratyeka bhAga ke anta meM diyA hai| isa se pANinIya sUtroM kA abhiprAya samajhane meM chAtroM ko atyanta sugamatA hotI hai| isa daSTi se yaha aSTAdhyAyI- 5 bhASya (prathamAvRtti) sabhI prAcIna arvAcIna vRttiyoM meM zreSTha hai / paricaya -zrI prAcAryavara kA janma jilA jAlandhara (paMjAba) ke attargata mallUpotA grAma (thAnA-baMgA) meM 14 akTUbara san 1962 I0 meM hayA thaa| Apa ke pitA kA nidhana 6 varSa kI avasthA meM ho gayA thaa| ina kA pAlana itakI vidhavA buprA ne kiyA thaa| prArambha 10 meM gAMva meM urdU pddh'ii| pazcAt jAlandhara meM hAI skUla taka zikSA prApta kii| vahIM par3hate hae saMskRta pddh'ii| patpazcAt sva0 svAmI pUrNAnanda sarasvatI se aSTAdhyoyI mahAbhASya niruktAdi kA adhyayana kiyaa| kAzI meM rahakara darzanoM kA aura ma0 bha0 cinnasvAmI jI zAstrI se mImAMsA zAstra kA adhyayana kiyaa| Apake dvArA saMskRta 15 bhASA kI unnati aura pracArako dhyAna meM rakha kara Apako 15 / agasta 1963 ko rASTrapati-sammAna se sammAnita kiyA gyaa| adhyApana kArya-Apane sana 1977 se adhyApana kArya prArambha kiyA, vizeSa kara aSTAdhyAyI mahAbhASyAdi pANinIya vyAkaraNa kaa| yaha vidyA-satra nidhana paryanta (saM0 2021)taka calatA rhaa| isa sudIrgha 20 kAla meM zatazaH chAtroM ko vidyAdAna de kara upakRta kiyA / Apa kI adhyApana zailI bahuta adbhuta thii| kaThina se kaThina viSaya bar3e sarala sarasa DhaMga se chAtroM ko hRdayaMgama karA dete the / ApakI mAnyatA thIchAtra yadi samajhane meM asamartha hai to vaha chAtra kA doSa nahIM, adhyApaka kA doSa hai| AryasamAja ke kSetra meM svAmI dayAnanda seMrasvatI ke nirdezAnusAra yathAvat rUpa se aSTAdhyAyI-mahAbhASya Adi ke paThana-pAThana ko sarva prathama prArambha karane kA zreya Apa kohI hai / yadyapi AryasamAja ke kSetra meM aneka gurukuloM meM aSTAdhyAyI krama se pANinIya vyAkaraNa par3hAyA jAtA hai, phira bhI unake jIvana kAla meM tathA usake pazcAt 30 unake vidyAlaya meM jisa prakAra paThana-pAThana karAyA jAtA hai vaha apane rUpa meM nirAlA hai|

Page #597
saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa prantha kA praNayana evaM mudraNa -AcAryavara ne aSTAdhyAyI bhASya kI racanA san 1960 meM prArambha kii| disambara 1963 taka pAMca adhyAyoM ko pANDulipi likhI gii| disambara 1964 ko isa kA prathama bhAga mudrita huprA / tatpazcAt 21-22 disambara kI madhya rAtri 5 ke 2-30 baje Apa kA acAnaka hRdgatyavarodha se nidhana ho gyaa| ___ bahina prajJA kumArI kA sahayoga-pUjya guruvarya kI antevAsinI, isa nAte se merI gurubhaginI prajJAkumArI kA aSTAdhyAyI bhASya ke lekhana Adi Arya meM prArambha se hI sahayoga thA / ataH maiMne a0 4-5 ke bhASya kI presa kApI banAne kA kArya Apa ko hI sauNpaa| unake 10 sahayoga se disambara 1965 ko dvitIya bhAga prakAzita hA / tRtIya bhAga kA lekhana-prastuta ati mahattvapUrNa aSTAdhyAyI bhASya ko pUrA karanA Avazyaka thA ataH zeSa adhyAya 6-7-8 kA bhASya likhane ke liye bhI maiMne bahina prajJAkumArI se anurodha kiyaa| unhoMne mere anurodha ko svIkAra karake prAcAryavara ke adhUre kArya ko 15 pUrA karane kA kaThina prayAsa kiyaa| isa prakAra janavarI 1668 ko aSTAdhyAyI bhASya kA tosarA bhAga prakAzita huaa| anya grantha-AcAryavara zrI jijJAsu jI ne choTe moTe lagabhaga 8-10 grantha likhe haiN| una meM svAmI dayAnanda sarasvo ke yajurvedabhASya ke prArambhika 15 adhyAyoM kA hastalekha se milAna karake sampAdana 2. karanA aura usa para vivaraNa likhanA mahattvapUrNa kArya haiM / yaha do bhAgoM meM rAmalAla kapUra TrasTa bahAlagar3ha (sonIpata-harayANA) se prakAzita ho cukA hai| hamane isa adhyAya meM aSTAdhyAyI ke 36 vRttikAroM, 8 ajJAtakartR ka vRttiyoM, aura prasaMgavaza aneka vyAkhyAtAoM kA varNana kiyA 25 hai| isa prakAra hamane isa adhyAya meM lagabhaga 60 pANinIya vaiyAkaraNoM kA varNana kiyA hai| aba agale adhyAya meM kAzikA ke vyAkhyAkAroM kA varNana kiyA jaaygaa|

Page #598
pandrahavAM adhyAya kAzikA ke vyAkhyAtA kAzikA jaise mahattvapUrNa vRtti-grantha para aneka vidvAnoM ne TIkAeM likhIM, unameM se kaI eka isa samaya aprApya haiN| bahuta se TIkAkAroM ke nAma bhI ajJAta haiM / hameM jitane TIkAkAroM kA jJAna ho sakA, 5 unakA varNana isa adhyAya meM karate haiM 1. jinendrabuddhi kAzikA para jitanI vyAkhyAeM upalabdha athavA parijJAta haiM, unameM bodhisattvadezIya AcArya jinendrabuddhi viracita 'kAzikAvivaraNapaJjikA aparanAma 'nyAsa' saba se prAcIna hai| nyAsakAra kA 'bodhi- 10 sattvadezIya' vIrut hone se spaSTa hai ki nyAsakAra bauddhamata kA prAmANika prAcArya hai|' nyAsakAra kA kAla nyAsakAra ne apanA kiJcinmAtra bhI paricaya nahIM diyA, ataH isakA itivRtta sarvathA andhakAra meM hai / hama yahAM nyAsakAra ke kAla 15 nirNaya karane kA kucha prayatna karate haiM 1-haradatta ne padamaJjarI 4 / 1 / 22 meM nyAsakAra kA nAmanirdezapUrvaka ullekha kiyA hai| haradatta kA kAla vikrama kI 12 vIM zatAbdI kA prathama caraNa athavA usase kucha pUrva hai / yaha hama pUrva (pRSTha 424) likha cuke haiN| ataH nyAsakAra vikrama kI 12 vIM 20 zatAbdI ke prArambha se prAcIna hai| . 2-mahAbhASyavyAkhyAtA kaiyaTa haradatta se paurvakAlika hai, yaha hama ' kaiyaTa ke prakaraNa meM likha cuke haiM / kaiyaTa aura jinendrabuddhi ke aneka vacana paraspara atyanta milate haiM / jinase yaha spaSTa hai ki koI eka dUsare se sahAyatA avazya le rahA hai| parantu kisI ne kisI kA nAma 25 nirdeza nahIM kiyA / isaliye unake paurvAparya ke jJAna ke liye hama donoM ke do tulanAtmaka pATha uddhRta karate haiM 1. isa viSaya meM vizeSa nyAsakAra ke prakaraNa ke anta meM dekheN|

Page #599
saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa nyAsa-dvayorikArayoH prazleSanirdezaH / tatra yo dvitIya ivarNaH sa ye [vibhASA] ityAttvabAdhA yathA syAdityevamarthaH / 3 / 1 / 111 // pradIpa-dIrghoccAraNe bhASyakAreNa pratyAkhyAte kecit prazleSanirdezena dvitIya ikAro ye vibhASA ( 6 / 4 / 43 ) ityAttvasya pakSe paratvAt prAptasya bAdhanArtha ityAhuH / tadayuktam / kyapsanniyogena vidhIyamAnasyettvasyAntaraGgatvAt / 3 / 1 / 111 // nyAsa-anityatA punarAgamazAsanasya ghorlopo leTi vA (7 / 3 / 70) ityatra vAgrahaNAlliGgAd vijJAyate / taddhi dadat dadAd ityatra nityaM ghorlopo mA bhUdityevamartha kriyate / yadi ca nityamAgamazAsanaM syAd 10 vAgrahaNamanarthaka syAt / bhavatu nityo lopaH / satyapi tasmin leTo 'DATau (3 / 4 / 65 ) ityaTi kRte dadata dadAditi sidhyatyeva / anityatve tvAgamazAsanasyADAgamAbhAvAnna sidhyati, tato vA vacanamarthavad bhavati / 7 / 11 // pradIpa-kecittvanityamAgamazAsanamityasya jJApakaM vAgrahaNaM varNa. 15 yanti / anityattvAttasyATayasati dadAditi na syAditi / tasiddhaye vAgrahaNaM kriyamANamenAM paribhASAM jJApayati / 7 / 3 / 70 // ___ ina uddharaNoM kI paraspara tulanA karane se spaSTa pratIta hotA hai ki donoM sthAnoM meM kaiyaTa 'kaicit' pada se nyAsakAra kA nirdeza karatA hai, aura usake grantha ko apane zabdoM meM uddhRta karatA hai| ataH nyAsakAra nizcaya hI vi0 saM0 1060 se pUrvavartI hai| yaha usakI uttara sImA hai| 3-DA. yAkobI ne bhaviSyata purANa ke AdhAra para haradatta kA dehAvasAna 878 I0 (=635 vi0) mAnA hai|' yadi haradatta kI yaha tithi pramANAntara se paripuSTa ho jAe, to nyAsakAra kA kAla 25 saM0 600 vi0 se pUrva mAnanA hogaa| 4-hetubindu kI TIkA meM 'arcaTa' likhatA hai'yadA hyAcAryasyApyetadabhimatamiti kazcid vyaakhyaayte"| pRSTha 218 (bar3odA saMskaraNa) isa para paNDita durveka mizra apane Aloka meM likhatA hai30 1. jarnala rAyala eziyATika sosAiTI bambaI, bhAga 23, pRSTha 31 / 20

Page #600
kAzikA ke vyAkhyAtA 563 kaizciditi IzvarasenajinendraprabhRtibhiH / pRSTha 405, vahI sNskrnn| yadi acaMTa kA kaizcid pada se Izvarasena aura jinendrabuddhi kI ora hI saMketa ho, jaisA ki durveka mizra ne vyAkhyAna kiyA hai, taba nyAsakAra kA kAla vi0 saM0 700 ke lagabhaga hogaa| kyoMki 'arcaTa' 5 kA kAla IsA kI 7 vIM zatI kA anta hai / 5- nyAsa ke sampAdaka zrIzacandra cakrakartI ne nyAsakAra kA kAla san 725-750 I0, arthAt vi0 saM0 782-807 mAnA hai / mahAkavi mAgha aura nyAsa mahAkavi mAgha ne zizupAlavadha ke 'anutsUtrapadanyAsA' ityAdi 10 zloka meM zleSAlaMkAra se nyAsa kA ullekha kiyA hai| nyAsa ke sammAdaka ne isI ke AdhAra para mAgha ko nyAsakAra se uttaravartI likhA hai, vaha ayukta hai, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiN|' prAcIna kAla meM nyAsa nAma ke aneka grantha vidyamAna the| koI nyAsa grantha bhartahariviracita mahAbhASyadopikA meM bhI uddhRta hai / eka nyAsa mallavAdi- 15 sari ne vAmanaviracita 'vizrAntavidyAdhara' vyAkaraNa para likhA thaa| pUjyapAda apara nAma devanandI ne bhI pANinIyASTaka para 'zabdAvatAra' nAmaka eka nyAsa likhA thaa| ata: mahAkavi mAgha ne kisa nyAsa kI ora saMketa kiyA hai, yaha ajJAta hai / hAM, itanA nizcita hai ki mAgha ke uparyukta zlokAMza meM jinendrabuddhiviracita nyAsa kA ullekha nahIM 20 hai| kyoMki zizupAla vadha kA racanA kAla saM0 682-700 ke madhya bhAmaha aura nyAsakAra bhAmaha ne apane 'alaMkArazAstra' meM likhA hai 1. dra0--pUrva pRSTha 506 / 2. dekho-pUrva pRSTha 415 para mahAbhASyadIpikA kA 36 vAM uddharaNa / 3. isakA varNana 'pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa' nAmaka 17 veM adhyAya meM kreNge| 4. dekho-pUrva pRSTha 486 / 5. dekho-pUrva pRSTha 507 /

Page #601
564 __saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 'ziSTaprayogamAtreNa nyAsakAramatena vA / tRcA samastaSaSThIkaM na kathaMcidudAharet // sUtrajJApakamAtreNa vRtrahantA yathoditaH / akena ca na kurvIta vRttistadagamako yathA // ' ina zlokoM meM smRta nyAsakAra jinendrabudi nahIM hai| kyoMki usake sampUrNa nyAsa meM kahIM para bhI 'janikartaH prakRtiH' (aSTA0 1 / 4 / 30 ) ke jJApaka se 'vRtrahantAH' pada meM samAsa kA vidhAna nahIM kiyA / nyAsa ke sampAdaka ne upayukta zlokoM ke prAdhAra para bhAmaha kA kAla san 775 I0 arthAt saM0 832 vi0 mAnA hai|' yaha 10 ThIka nhiiN| kyoMki saM0687 vi0 ke samIpavartI skanda-mahezvara ne apanI niruktaTIkA meM bhAmaha ke alaMkAra grantha kA eka zloka uddhRta kiyA hai| ataH bhAmaha nizcaya hI vi0 saM0 687 se pUrvavartI hai| __hama pUrva (pRSTha 563) likha cuke haiM ki vyAkaraNa para aneka nyAsa grantha race gaye the / ataH bhAmaha ne kisa nyAsakAra kA ullekha kiyA hai, 15 yaha ajJAta hai| isaliye kevala nyAsa nAma ke ullekha se bhAmaha jinendrabuddhi se uttaravartI nahIM ho sktaa| nyAsa para viziSTa kArya paM0 bhImasena zAstrI ne pIeca0 DI0 kI upAdhi ke liye 'nyAsa-paryAlocana' nAma kA mahattvapUrNa nibandha likhA hai, jo san 20 1976 meM prakAzita huA hai / isa meM zAstrI jI ne nyAsakAra aura usa ke nyAsa grantha ke sambandha meM aneka navIna tathyoM kA udghATana kiyA hai| matabheda - zAstrI jI ne bar3I prabalatA se nyAsakAra ke bauddha hone kA khaNDana aura vaidika matAnuyAyI hone kA maNDana kiyA hai / parantu hameM una kI yuktiyAM vA pramANa unake mata ko svIkAra karAne meM asamartha rahI haiN| zAstrI jI ne nyAsakAra ke vaidika matAnuyAyI hone ke jitane uddharaNa diye haiM una se hamAre vicAra meM unakA mata siddha nahIM 1. nyAsa kI bhUmikA, pRSTha 27 / 2. dekho-niruktaTIkA 10 / 16 / Aha-tulyazrutInAM.... tanni30 rucyate / yaha bhAmaha ke alaMkArazAstra 2 / 17 kA vacana hai| niruktaTIkA ka pATha truTita tathA azuddha hai| 25

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kAzikA ke vyAkhyAtA 565 1 hotA / prAcIna vidvAn apane mata se bhinna matoM ke siddhAntoM ko bhI bhale prakAra jAnate the / vaha kAla hI aisA thA jaba bauddha jaina aura vaidika matAnuyAyiyoM kA paraspara saMgharSa calatA rahatA thaa| sAtha hI yaha bhI dhyAna meM rakhane yogya bAta hai ki nyAsa grantha pANinIya vyAkaraNa para likhA gayA hai jo veda kA aGga mAnA jAtA hai ata: usake 5 vyAkhyAna meM to use mUla granthakAra ke mantavyoM ke anusAra hI vyAkhyA karanI prAvazyaka thI / hamAre mata meM nyAsakAra bauddha hai / ata eva vaidika pratIkoM ke vyAkhyAna meM vizeSakara svara viSaya meM usane mahatI bhUleM kI haiN| aisI bhUleM vaidika matAnuyAyI kabhI nahIM kara sakatA / udAharaNa ke liye hama 10 nIce do udAharaNa dete haiM 1. vibhASA chandasi - ( 12/36 ) sUtra kI vyAkhyA meM uddhRta iSe tvorje tvA mantra jo zukla yajurveda aura kRSNa yajurveda kI sabhI zAkhAoM kA Adya mantra hai, kI vyAkhyA meM nyAsakAra ne iSe aura Urje padoM kA prakArAnta iha aura Urja pada kA saptamyanta mAnakara vyA 15 khyAna kiyA hai| yaha samasta vaidika paramparA ke viparIta hai / isa mantra ke sabhI vyAkhyAkAroM ne inheM caturthyanta mAnA hai / mantrArtha bhI caturthyanta mAnane para hI upapanna hotA hai / 2 - yajJakarmaNyajapanyUG khasAmasu ( 112134 ) kI kAzikA meM japa zabda ke artha kA jo nirdeza kiyA hai| usa ke do pATha haiM - japo'nu- 20 karaNamantraH, japoskaraNamantraH / ina donoM pAThoM kI nyAsakAra ne vyAkhyA kI hai / ina meM prathama pATha to azuddha haiM, dvitIya pATha hI zuddha hai | vaidika karmakANDIya paribhASA meM japa mantra kI vyAkhyA prakaraNo - mantraH hI kI jAtI hai / isa kA artha hai japa mantra ve kahAte haiM jina se yajJa meM koI kriyA nahIM kI jAtI hai / 25 - nyAsakAra yadi vaidika hotA to use karmakANDIya japa mantra kI vyAkhyA jJAta hotI aura vaha lekhaka pramAda se bhraSTa hue japo'nukaraNamantraH pATha kI vyAkhyA na karatA / isI prakAra japo'karaNamantraH kI jo vyAkhyA nyAsakAra ne kI hai vaha bhI vaidika karmakANDIya paribhASA se viparIta hone se cintya hai / naJ ko ISad prarthavAcaka mAna kara kI 30 gaI ISat karaNamuccAraNaM yasya vyAkhyA khIMcAtAnI mAtra hai / japamantra

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ke upAMzu uccAraNa kA anya niyama se vidhAna hai| pAsakAra kI vyAkhyAnusAra to jina karaNamantroM kA bhI upAMzu uccAraNa kA vidhAna kiyA hai / una meM bhI isa kI atiprasakti hogI / jaise prajA pataye svAhA-mantra kA Ahati kA vidhAna hone se yaha karaNamantra hai, 5 parantu prajApatirupAMzuH prayoktavyaH niyama se 'prajApataye' aMza upAMzu bolA jAtA haiN| nyAsa ke vyAkhyAtA 1-maitreyarakSita (saM0 1132-1172 vi0) maitreyarakSita ne nyAsa kI 'tantrapradIpa' nAmnI mahatI vyAkhyA racI 10 hai| saubhAgya se isakA eka hastalekha kalakatA ke rAjakIya pustakA. laya meM surakSita hai / hastalekha meM prathamAdhyAya ke prathama pAda kA grantha nahIM haiM, zeSa saMpUrNa hai / dekho-baMgAla gavarnameNTa kI AjJAnusAra paM0 rAjendralAla sampAdita sUcIpatra bhAga 6, pRSTha 140, granthAGka 2076 / vidvattA-maMtreyarakSita vyAkaraNazAstra kA asAdhAraNa paNDita 15 thaa| vaha pANinIya tayA itara vyAkaraNa kA bhI acchA jJAtA thaa| vaha apane 'dhAtupradIpa' ke anta meM svayameva likhatA hai 'vRttinyAsaM samuddizya kRtavAn granthavistaram / nAmnA tantrapradIpaM yo vivRtAstena dhAtavaH // prAkRSya bhASyajaladheratha dhaatunaampaaraaynnksspnnpaanninishaastrvedii| kAlApacAndramatatattvavibhAgadakSo, dhAtupradIpamakarojjagato hitAya' / sIradeva ne bhI apanI paribhASAvRtti meM likhA hai 'tasmAd boddhavyo'yaM rakSitaH, boddhavyAzca vistarA eva rakSita25 granthA vidyante' / pRSTha 65, paribhASAsaMgraha (pUnA) pRSTha 215 / deza-yaha sambhavataH baMgaprAntIya thaa|' kAla-maitreyarakSita kA kAla vi0 saMvata 1140-1165 taka hai, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiM / puruSottamadevIya paribhASAvRtti ke 1. vizeSa draSTavya isI itihAsa kA bhAga 2, pRSTha 101 / 30 2. dekho-pUrva pRSTha 424 /

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kAzikA ke vyAkhyAtA 567 sampAdaka ne bhI maitreya rakSita kA kAla san 1075-1125 I0 ( arthAt vi0 saM0 1932 - 1152) mAnA hai / ' tantrapradIpa ke vyAkhyAtA (1) nandana mizra - nandana mizra nyAyavAgIza ne tantrapradIpa kI 'tantrapradIpodyotana' nAmnI eka vyAkhyA likhI hai / nandanamizra ke pitA kA nAma vANezvara mizra haiM / isa grantha ke prathamAdhyAya kA eka hastalekha kalakattA ke rAjakIya pustakAlaya meM vidyamAna hai / dekhopaM0 rAjendralAla saMpAdita pUrvokta sUcIpatra bhAga 6, pRSTha 150, granthAGka 2083 / 1 puruSottamadevIya paribhASAvRtti ke sampAdaka zrI dinezacandra bhaTTA- 10 cArya ne jisa hastalekha kA varNana kiyA hai, usake anta meM pATha hai'iti dhanezvara mizratanayabhInandana mizraviracite nyAsoddIpane / ' isa pATha ke anusAra nandanamizra ke pitA kA nAma dhanezvara mizra hai, aura grantha kA nAma hai nyAsoddIpana / hAM, dinezacandra bhaTTAcArya ne yaha to svIkAra kiyA hai ki yaha tantrapradIpa kI vyAkhyA hai / " 15 (2) sanAtana tarkAcArya - isane tantrapradIpa para 'prabhA' nAmnI TIkhA likhI hai | pro0 kAlIcaraNa zAstrI hubalI kA maitreya rakSita para lekha bhAratakaumudI bhAga 2 meM chapA hai / usameM unhoMne isa TIkA kA ullekha kiyA hai / 1 20 (3) tantrapradIpAlokakAra - kisI ajJAtanAmA paNDita ne tantrapradIpa para 'Aloka' nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai / isakA ullekha bhI pro0 kAlIcaraNa zAstrI ke ukta lekha meM hai / hama ina granthakAroM ke viSaya meM adhika nahIM jAnate / 2 - ratnamati (saM0 1990 se pUrva ) sarvAnanda (saM0 1216) ne amaraTIkAsarvasva 3 / 1 / 5 para 25 ratnamati kA nimna pATha uddhRta kiyA hai 'na tu saMzayavati puruSa iti nyAsaH / zrataH saptamyarthebahuvrIhiH 1. dra0 - rAjazAhI saMskaraNa, bhUmikA, pRSTha 10 / 2. bhUmikA, pRSTha 18 /

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15 saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa mallinAtha ne nyAsa kI 'nyAsodyota' nAmnI TIkA likhI thI / 10 praphekTa ne apane bRhat sUcIpatra meM isakA ullekha kiyA hai / mallinAtha ne svayaM kirAtArjunIya kI TIkA meM 'nyAsodyota' ke pATha uddhRta kiye haiM / 25 568 saMzaya kartari puruSa eveti tadratnamatiH' / ' isa uddharaNa meM yadi tacchabda se nyAsa hI abhipra eta ho, to mAnanA hogA ki ratnamati ne nyAsa para koI grantha likhA thA / gaNaratnamahodadhi meM vardhamAna (saM0 1997) likhatA hai - 30 ratnamatinA tu haritAdayo gaNasamApti yAvaditi vyAkhyAtam / ' ratnamati ke vyAkaraNaviSayaka aneka uddharaNa amaraTIkA sarvasva gaNaratnamahodadhi aura dhAtuvRtti prAdi meM uddhRta haiM 3 - mallinAtha (saM0 1264 se pUrva ) mallinAtha kA kAla - mallinAtha kA nizcita kAla prajJAta hai / sAyaNa ne dhAtuvRtti meM 'nyAsodyota' ke pATha uddhRta kiye haiM / sAyaNa kA kAla saMvat 1371-1444 taka mAnA jAtA hai / dhAtuvRtti kA racanAkAla saM0 1415-1420 ke madhya hai, yaha hama ' dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA ( 2 ) ' nAmaka 21 veM adhyAya meM likheMge / 20 ataH mallinAtha kA kAla vikrama kI 14 vIM zatAbdI hai / mahinAtha sAhitya aura vyAkaraNa kA acchA paNDita thA, yaha usakI kAvyaTIkA se bhalI prakAra vidita hotA hai / mallinAthakRta nyAsodyota kA tantrodyota ke nAma se amaracandra sUriviracita bRhadvRttyavacUrNi grantha ke pRSTha 154 para milatA hai / nandana mizra viracita tantrapradIpodyotana kA bhI hastalekha meM 'nyAso - 1. bhAga 4, pRSTha 3 // 2. zra0 3, zloka 238 kI vyAkhyA, pRSTha 252 / bhAbasya, 3H uktaM ca nyAsodyotena kevalaM zrUyamANaiva kriyA nimittaM kArakaapi tu gamyamAnApi / 2 / 17, pRSTha 24, nirNayasAgara saMskaraNa / 4. pRSTha 31, 219 kAzI saMskaraNa / 5. tantrodyatastu zatahAyana zabdasya kAlavAcakatvAbhAve 'tatra kRta' ityane - nANamevecchati /

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kAzikA ke vyAkhyAtA 566 ddIpana' nAma se nirdeza milatA hai| ataH amara candra sUri nirdiSTa tantrodyota bhI nyAsodyota hI hai, aisA hamArA vicAra hai / yadi yaha vicAra ThIka ho to mallinAtha kA kAla vi0 saM0 1264 se pUrva hai itanA nizcita mAnanA homA / kyoMki haima bRhadvRttyavacUrNi kA lekhana kAla vi0 saM0 1264 hai|' 4-narapati mahAmizra (saM0 1400-1450 vi0) narapati mahAmizra nAma ke vidvAn ne nyAsa para eka vyAkhyA likhI hai, isakA nAma nyAsaprakAza hai / isake prArambhika bhAga kA eka hastalekha jammU ke raghunAtha mandira ke saMgraha meM vidyamAna hai / dekhosUcIpatra, pRSTha 41 / granthakAra ne svagrantha ke prArambha meM isa prakAra likhA hainarapatikRtireSA kAminInandinIva, gurutamakRtatoSA naashitaashessdossaa| sulalitagatibandhA nijitAzeSatejA, jayati jagadupetA mAlinI jAhnavIva / / zivaM praNamya devezaM tathA zivapati zivAm / prakAza: kriyate nyAse mahAmitreNa dhiimtaa|| vidyApateH preraNakAraNena, kRto mayA vyAkaraNaprakAzaH / yadyatra kiJcitskhalanaM bhavenme, kSantavyamISadguNinAM varestat / / isa ullekha se vidita hotA hai ki mahAmizra ne kisI vidyApati nAma ke viziSTa vyakti kI preraNA se 'nyAsaprakAza' likhA thaa| puruSottamadevIya paribhASAvRtti ke sampAdaka dinezacandra bhaTTAcArya ne mahAmizra kA kAla 1400-1450 I0 mAnA hai|' 5-puNDarIkAkSa vidyAsAgara (vi0 15 vIM zatI) puNDarIkAkSa vidyAsAgara nAma ke kisI vidvAn ne nyAsa kI TIkA 25 1. dra0-pRSTha 567, paM0 12 / 2. saMvata 1264 varSe zrAvaNazudi 3 ravI zrI jayAnanda sUriziSyeNAmaracandreNA''tmayogA'vacUrNikAyA: prathama pustikA likhitA / haima bRhadvRttyavacUrNi, pRSTha 207 // 3. bhUmikA, pRSTha 16 //

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' taccintyamiti nyAsaTIkAyAM prapaJcitamasmAbhiH' / ' puruSottamadevIya paribhASAvRtti ke sampAdaka dinezacandra bhaTTAcArya 5 ne puNDarIkAkSa kA kAla IsA kI 15 vIM zatI mAnA hai / ' 570 saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa likhI hai| isakA ullekha granthakAra ne svayaM 'kAtantrapradIpa' nAmnI kAntrIkA meM kiyA hai / vaha likhatA hai / puNDarIkAkSe vidyAsAgara ne bhaTTi kAvya para kAtantraprakriyAnusArI eka vyAkhyA likhI hai / usa ke anta ke lekha se vidita hotA hai ki isake pitA kA nAma zrIkAnta thA / isa TIkAkA varNana hama isa grantha ke 'kAvyazAstrakAra vaiyAkaraNa kavi' nAmaka 30 veM adhyAya meM kreNge| 10 2. indumitra (saM0 1150 vi0 se pUrvavartI ) indumitra nAma ke vaiyAkaraNa ne kAzikA kI eka 'anunyAsa ' nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI thI / indumitra ko aneka granthakAra 'indu' nAma se smaraNa karate haiM / indu aura usake anunyAsa ke uddharaNa mAdhavIya 15 dhAtuvRtti, ujjvaladatta kI uNAdivRtti, sIradevIya paribhASAvRtti, durghaTavRtti, prakriyA kaumudI kI prasAdaTIkA aura amarIkA sarvasva Adi aneka granthoM meM upalabdha hote haiM / indumitra ne aSTAdhyAyI para para 'indumatI' nAmnI eka vRtti likhI thI, usakA ullekha hama pUrva (pRSTha 523) kara cuke haiM / sIradeva ne paribhASAvRtti meM eka sthAna para likhA haiyattu tatra svamatimahimaprAgalbhyA vanunyAsakAro vyAjahAra vatra 20 25 1. bhUmikA pRSTha 18 / 2. iti mahAmahopAdhyAyazrImacchIkAnta paNDitAtmajazrIpuNDarIkAkSavidyA - sAgarabhaTTAcAryakRtAyAM bhaTTiIkAyAM kalApadIpikAyAm 3. pRSTha 201 / 4. pRSTha 1, 55, 86 5. pRSTha 5,28,86 paribhASAsaMgraha ( pUnA saM0 ) meM kramazaH pRSTha 161, 176, 205 / 6. pRSTha 120, 123, 126 / 7. bhAga 1, pRSTha 610; 8. bhAga 1, pRSTha 610 bhAga 2, pRSTha 145 / bhAga 2, pRSTha 336 /

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kAzikA ke vyAkhyAtA 571 sAma-yaMprAptamubhayorupAdAnaM sa ubhayaMprAptau karmaNItyasya viSayaH / ... tadayuktam / pRSThaM 5, paribhASAsaMgraha, pRSTha 163 / phekTa ne apane bRhat sUcIpatra meM anunyAsa ke nAma se tantrapradIpa kA ullekha kiyA hai, ' vaha cintya hai / sIradeva ne paribhASAvRtti meM 'anunyAsakAra aura tantrapradIpakAra ke zAzvatika virodha kA ullekha kiyA hai / yathA 'etasmin vAkye indumaitreyayoH zAzvatiko virodhaH / pRSTha 76 paribhASAsaMgraha pRSTha 205 / 'upadezagrahaNAnuvartanaM prati rakSitAnunyAsayovivAda eva' / pRSTha 27 paribhASAsaMgraha, pRSTha 176 / 10 anunyAsakAra indumitra kA kAla hama pUrva (pRSTha 524-525) likha cuke haiM / tadanusAra indumitra kA kAla saM0 800 se 1150 ke madhya hai / dhanunyAsa - sArakAra - zrImAna zarmA zrImAna zarmA nAma ke vidvAn ne sIradevIya paribhASAvRtti kI 15 'vijayA' nAmnI TippaNI meM likhA hai anunyAsAdisArasya kartrA zrImAnazarmaNA / lakSmIpatiputreNa vijayeyaM vinirmitA // isase jJAta hotA hai ki zrImAna zarmA ne 'anunyAsasAra, nAma kA koI grantha racA thaa| yaha vArendra campAhaTTi kula kA thA / zrImAna 20 zarmA ne apane 'varSakRtya' grantha ke anta meM apane ko vyAkaraNa tarka sukRta ( = karmakANDa) Agama aura kAvyazAstra kA indu kahA hai ziSya - zrImAna zarmA kA eka ziSya padmanAbha mizra hai kAla - zrImAna zarmA kA kAla saM0 1500-1550 ke madhya hai| / . / 3 d ! ! ' r ; : S 1. sUcIpatra bhAga 5 / 2 vyAkaraNatarkasukRtAgama kAvya vAri (zazI) ndunAparisamAta varSakRtyam / puruSottamadevIya paribhASAvRtti ( rAjazAhI ), bhUmikA pRSTha 17 meM uddhRtaH / 3. asmatprathamaparamaguravaH zrI zrImAnabhaTTAcAryAstu zabdaparo nirdezaH :... : 4. zrImAna zarmA kA ukta varNanaH puruSottama devIya paribhASAvRtti ke sampA daka dinezacandra bhaTTAcArya ke nirdezAnusAra hai / dra0 bhUmikA pRSTha 16, 17 / 25 30

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572 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa zrImAna zarmA viracita 'vijayA' nAmnI paribhASAvRtti TippaNI kA varNana hama 'paribhASA-pATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA' nAmaka 26 veM adhyAya meM krge|' 3. mahAnyAsakAra (saM0 1215 vi0 se pUrvavartI) . kisI vaiyAkaraNa ne kAzikA para 'mahAnyAsa' nAmnI TIkA likhI thii| isa ke jo uddharaNa ujjvaladatta kI uNAdivatti, aura sarvAnandaviracita amaraTIkAsarvasva meM upalabdha hote haiM, ve nimna haiM - 1. Tittvamabhyupagamya gaurAditvAt sUcIti mahAnyAse / ' / 2. vahnateH ghaJ, tataSThan iti mhaanyaasH| 3. cullIti mahAnyAsa iti upAdhyAyasarvasvam / ina meM prathama uddharaNa kAzikA 1 / 2 / 50 ke 'paJcasaciH udAharaNa kI vyAkhyA se uddhRta kiyA hai / dvitIya uddharaNa kA mUla sthAna ajJAta hai| ye donoM uddharaNa jinendrabuddhiviracita nyAsa meM upalabdha nahIM hote / ataH mahAnyAsa usa se pRthak hai / mahAnyAsa ke kartA kA nAma ajJAta hai / eka mahAnyAsa kSapaNaka vyAkaraNa para bhI thaa| maitreya ne tantrapradIpa 4 / 1 / 155 para use uddhRta kiyA haiN|' mahAnyAsa kA kAla-sarvAnanda ne amaraTIkAsarvasva kI racanA zakAbda 1081 arthAt vi0 saM0 1216 meM kI thii| yaha hama pUrva 20 likha cuke haiM / ataH mahAnyAsakAra kA kAla saM0 1216 se prAcIna hai| mahAnyAsa saMjJA se pratIta hotA hai ki yaha grantha nyAsa aura anunyAsa donoM granthoM se pIche banA hai| 1. bhAga 2, pRSTha 316-317, tR0 sN0|| 2. ujjvala uNAdivRtti, pRSTha 165 / . 3. amaraTIkA0 bhAga 2, pRSTha 376 / 4. amaraTIkA0 bhAga 3, pRSTha 277 / 5. dekho-dhAtupradIpa ke sampAdaka zrIzacandra cakravartI ne bhUmikA, pRSTha 1 para maitreya-rakSita viracita tantrapradIpa meM uddhRta grantha granthakAroM ke 30 nirdeza meM 411155 para kSapaNaka vyAkaraNa mahAnyAsa kA ullekha kiyA hai /

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kAzikA ke vyAkhyAtA 573 4. vidyAsAgara muni (1115 vi0 se pUrva) vidyAsAgara muni ne kAzikA kI 'prakriyAmaJjarI' nAmnI TIkA likhI hai / yaha grantha madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha pustakAlaya ke saMgraha meM vidyamAna hai| dekho-sUcIpatra bhAga 2 khaNDa 1 A pRSTha 3507 granthAGka 2493 / isa kA eka hastalekha TriveNDam meM bhI hai / dekho- 5 sUcIpatra bhAga 3 granthAGka 33 // isa grantha kA prArambhika lekha isa prakAra hai| 'vande munIndrAn munivRndavandyAn, zrImadgurun zvetagirIn variSThAn / nyAsakAravacaH padmanikarodgIrNamambare gRhNAmi madhuprIto vidyAsAgaraSaTpadaH // vRttAviti-sUtrArthapradhAno grantho bhaTTanalpUraprabhRtibhiviracito vRtti.............| uparinirdiSTa zloka se vidita hotA hai ki vidyAsAgara ke guru kA nAma zvetagiri thaa| 'saMskRta prAkRta jaina vyAkaraNa aura koza kI paramparA' grantha meM pRSTha 103 para prakriyA maJjarIkAra vidyAsAgara muni kA jaina granthakAra ke rUpa meM ullekha kiyA hai / yaha pramAda hai athavA jaina lekhakoM kA jainetara lekhakoM ko bhI jaina kahane kI prakriyA kI viNDambanA hai, yaha lekhaka hI jAneM / grantha ke anta meM nirdiSTa paramahaMsa 20 parivrAjakAcArya nirdeza se spaSTa hai ki vidyAsAgara muni vaidika matAnuyAyI the, ina ke guru kA nAma zvetagiri thaa| yaha bhI ina ke vedamatAnuyAyI hone kA bodhaka hai, kyoMki giri purI sarasvatI Adi . nAma vaidika saMnyAsiyoM ke hI hote haiN| kAla pUrva-nirdiSTa uddharaNa meM vidyAsAgara muni ne kevala nyAsakAra kA ullekha kiyA hai / padamaJjarI athavA usake kartA haradatta kA ullekha nahIM hai / isa se pratIta hotA hai ki vidyAsAgara haradatta se pUrvavartI hai| grantha ke anta meM 'iti zrImatparamahaMsaparivrAjakAcAryavidyAsAgaramunIndraviracitAyAM.....' pATha upalabdha hotA hai|

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 5. haradatta mizra (saM0 1115 vi0 ) haradatta mizra ne kAzikA kI 'padamaJjarI' nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI haiM / isa vyAkhyA ke avalokana se usake pANDitya aura grantha kI praur3hatA spaSTa pratIta hotI hai| haradatta kevala vyAkaraNa kA paNDita nahIM hai / isane zrauta gRhya aura dharma Adi aneka sUtroM kI vyAkhyAeM likhI haiN| haradatta paNDitarAja jagannAtha' ke sadRza apanI pratyadhika prazaMsA karatA hai / " 5 10 15 574 paricaya - - haradatta ne padamaJjarI grantha ke Arambha meM apanA paricaya isa prakAra diyA hai 'tAtaM padmakumArAkhyaM praNamyAmbAM zriyaM tathA / jyeSThaM cAgnikumArAkhyamAcAryamaparAjitam // ' arthAt - haradatta ke pitA kA nAma 'padmakumAra' ( pAThAntara - rudrakumAra), mAtA kA nAma 'zrI', jyeSTha bhrAtA kA nAma 'agnikumAra ' aura guru kA nAma 'aparAjita' thA / prastuta zloka meM 'padmakumArAkhyam' ke sthAna meM 'padmakumArAya ' 'rudrakumArAkhyaM' tathA 'agnikumArAkhyam' ke sthAna meM 'agnikumArAryam' pATha bhI kvacidupalabdha hotA hai, tathApi bahuhastalekhAnusAra 'padmakumArAkhyaM' tathA 'agnikumArAkhyaM' pATha hI adhika prAmANika haiM / haradatta ne prathama zloka meM ziva ko namaskAra kiyA hai / ataH vaha zaiva matAnuyAyI thA / 20 deza - grantha ke Arambha meM haradatta ne apane ko 'dakSiNa' dezavAso likhA hai / " padamaJjarI bhAga 2 pRSTha 516 se vidita hotA hai ki haradatta dravir3a dezavAsI thA / haradattakRta anya granthoM se jJAta hotA hai ki vaha coladezAntargata kAverI nadI ke kisI taTavartI grAma kA 25 1. prakriyAta kaMgana praviSTo hRSTamAnasaH / haradattahari : svaraM viharan kena vAryate / padamaJjarI bhAga 1, pRSTha 49 // 2. tasmai zivAya paramAya dazAvyAya sAmbAya sAdaramayaM vihitaH praNAmaH / 3. yazcirAya haradattasaMjJayA vizruto dazasu dikSu dakSiNaH / pRSTha 1 / 4. leTAbdastu vRttikAradeze jugupsita:, yathAtra draviDadeze nivizabdaH /

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kAzikA ke vyAkhyAtA 575 nivAsI, aura draviDabhASAbhASI thaa|' hamAre mitra yan. sI. yas. veGkaTAcArya zatAvadhAnI sikandarAbAda (Andhra) ne 1-3-63 ke patra meM haradatta ke deza ke sambandha meM jo nirdeza kiye haiM, unakA saMkSepa isa prakAra hai ka-haradatta mizra kA abhijana Andhra thaa| usane padamaJjarI meM : dezabhASA kA aprAmANya darzAte hue 'kUcimaJcItyAdayaH' kA nirdeza kiyA hai| 'kRcimaJci' yaha Andhra pradeza ke eka grAma kA nAma hai, aura vaha grAma Aja bhI vidyamAna hai / dravir3adezavAsI ke lie Andhra pradeza ke grAma kA nirdeza karanA asaMbhava hai| ___ kha-'tAtaM padmakumArAkhyam' zloka meM 'padmakumAra' nAma 'brahmayya' 10 nAma kA saMskRta rUpAntara hai| isI prakAra 'zrIH' 'lakSmamma" nAma, kA, 'agnikUmAra' komarayya' =komArayya kaa| nAmoM ke saMskRtIkaraNa kI aisI rIti Andhra pradeza meM pracuratA se vidyamAna hai / ga-padamaJjarI meM nidiSTa yathA'tra draviDadeze nivizabdaH ukti Andhra pradeza se dravir3a deza meM cale jAne para hI upapanna ho sakatI hai| 15 anyathA vaha 'yathAsmaddeze nivizabdaH' isa prakAra nirdeza krtaa| gha-haradatta ne Apastamba dharmasUtra (2 / 11 / 16) kI vyAkhyA meM bhI 'tatra draviDAH kanyAmeSasthe savitari...':Adi nirdeza kiyA hai| 1. anuSThAnamapi coladeze prAyeNavam / gautama dharma* TIkA 14 / 44 // yasyAM vasanti yAmupajIvanti / yathA tIreNa kAveri tava / prApastambagRhyaTIkA, 20 khaNDa 14, sUtra 6.;. tathA ekAgnikANDa bhASya, prAzvalAyanagRhya (anantazayana, mudrita) / coleSvavasthitastathaiva himavantaM dikSeran / prApa0 dharma0 vyAkhyA 21237 // drAvir3A kanyAmeSasthe savitaryAdityapUjAmAMcaranti / Apa0 dharma0 vyAkhyA 229 / 16 // kilAsaH tvagdoSaH temal iti draviDabhASAyAM prasiddhaH / ...gautama. dharma0 TrIkA 11 16 // (dra0 guruvarya zrI cinnasvAmI zAstrI likhita 25 prApastamba gRhya aura dharmasUtra, kAzI mudrita kI bhuumikaa| usmAniyA vi0 vi0 haidarAbAda se prakAzita padamaJjarI bhAga 1 kI bhUmikA (pRSTha 10) meM zrI rAmacandraDa ne 'temala iti draviDabhASAyAM prasiddhaH' ke sthAna meM 'vaMsalI (vartalI) iti dravir3AnAM prasiddhaH' pATha uddhRta kiyA hai| / 2. 'zrI' kA pulliGga meM 'lakSmayya', aura strIliGga meM 'lakSmamma' prayoga 30 hotA hai| . . . .

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576 . saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa tAtparya yaha hai ki haradatta Andhra pradeza ke kUcimaJci-agrahAra kA rahanevAlA thaa| padamaJjarI ke uttarArdha kI racanA ke samaya vaha dravir3a deza meM calA gayA, aura zeSa jIvana usane cola deza meM kAverI nadI ke tIra para vitaayaa| zrI vidvadara padmanAbha rAvajI (prAtmakUra-prAndhra) ne bhI 4 / 11 // 63 I0 ke patra meM zrI veGkaTAcArya zatAvadhAnI jI ke kathana kA anumodana kiyA hai| ___ kAla-haradatta ne apane granya meM aisI kisI ghaTanA kA ullekha nahIM kiyA, jisase usake kAla kA nizcita jJAna ho / kayaTa ke kAlanirNaya ke liye hamane kucha granthakAroM kA pauvAparya-dyotaka citra diyA hai| usake anusAra haradatta kA kAla vi0 saM0 1115 ke lagabhaga pratIta hotA hai| nyAsa ke saMpAdaka ne haradatta aura maitreya donoM kA kAla san 1100 I0 arthAt 1157 vi0 mAnA hai, vaha ThIka nhiiN| kyoMki maitreyarakSita viracita 'dhAtupradIpa' pRSTha 131 para 15 dharmakIttikRta 'rUpAvatAra' kA ullekha hai / rUpAvatAra bhAga 2 pRSTha 157 para haradatta kA mata uddhRta hai| ataH haradatta aura maitreya. rakSita donoM samakAlika nahIM ho skte| DA0 yAkobI ne bhaviSyat-purANa ke AdhAra para haradatta kA dehAvasAna 878 I0 ke lagabhaga mAnA hai / vyAkaraNa ke anya grantha 1. mahApadamaJjarI-padamaJjarI 111 / 20 pRSTha 72 se vidita hotA hai ki haradatta ne eka 'mahApadamaJjarI' saMjJaka vyAkhyA racI thii| yaha kisa grantha kI TIkA thI, yaha ajJAta hai / sambhava, hai yaha bhI kAzikA kI vyAkhyA ho| 1. dekho -pUrva pRSTha 424 / 2. nyAsa kI bhUmikA, pRSTha 26 / 3. rUpAvavatAre tu NiloSe pratyayotsatteH prAgeva kRte satyekActvAta yaGadAhRtaH-cocaryata iti / dekho-rUpAvatAra bhAga 2, pRSTha 206 / / 4. kuzabde - prakUta iti, vedalokaprayogadarzanAd dIrghAnta evAyaM hrdttaabhimtH| 5. jarnala rAyala eziyATika sosAiTI bambaI, bhAga 23,pRSTha 31 / 30 . bhASyavAttikavirodhastu mahApadamajAmasmAbhiH prAJcitaH /

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kAzikA ke vyAkhyAtA 577 5 hamArI mUla-hamane pUrva saMskaraNoM (1-2-3) meM likhA thA"isakI puSTi "devavAtika puruSakAra se hotI hai| usameM Nicazca (1 / 3 / 74) sUtrastha eka haradattIya kArikA uddhRta kI hai| vaha padamaJjarI meM nahIM miltii|" yaha ThIka nahIM hai / padamaJjarI ke sabhI saMskaraNoM meM yaha kArikA paThita hai| parantu mudrita saMskaraNoM meM mudraNa doSa se kArikA kA svarUpa naSTa ho jAne se hameM yaha bhrAnti huI / ' ukta bhUla ke samAhita ho jAne para bhI 'dAdhAghvadAp' (1 / 1 / 20) meM mudrita 'bhASyavArtikavirodhastu mahApadamaJjaryAmasmAbhiH prapaJcitaH' pATha se mahApadamaJjarI grantha kI sattA to vidita hotI hI hai| 2. paribhASA-prakaraNa-padamaJjarI bhAga 2 pRSTha 437 se jAnA 10 jAtA hai ki haradatta ne 'paribhASAprakaraNa' nAmnI paribhASAvRtti likhI thii|' yaha granya bhI isa samaya aprApya hai| isake atirikta haradatta mizra ke nimna grantha prasiddha haiM1. pAzvalAyana gahya vyaakhyaa-anaavilaa| 2. gautama dharmasUtra vyAkhyA-mitAkSarA / 3. Apastamba gRhya vyaakhyaa-anaakulaa| 4. prApastamba dharmasUtra vyaakhyaa-ujjvlaa| 5. prApastamba gahya mantra vyaakhyaa| 6. prApastamba paribhASA vyaakhyaa| 7. ekAgnikANDa vyaakhyaa| 8. shrutisuuktimaalaa| 1. haradattastu Nicazca (1 / 3 / 74) ityatrAha-'eSa vidhina........ | svaritettvamanArSam iti / pRSTha 106, 107, hamArA sNskrnn| 2. hamane 'meDikala hAla yantrAlaya banArasa' meM chape saMskaraNa kA upayoga kiyA thaa| tatpazcAt san 1965 meM 'prAcyabhAratI prakAzana' vArANasI se prakAzita nyAsapadamaJjarI sahita kAzikA ke saMskaraNa meM tathA san 1981 meM usmAniyA vi0 vi0 haidarAbAda kI saMskRta pariSad dvArA prakAzita padamaJjarI meM ukta kArikA kA pUrvavat hI prayukta mudraNa huA hai| kisI sampAdaka ne bhI isa ora dhyAna nahIM diyaa| 3. etaccAsmAbhiH paribhASAprakaraNAkhye granthe upapAditam /

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578 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kaI vidvAn ina granthoM ke racayitA haradatta ko padamaJjarIkAra haradatta se bhinna vyakti mAnate haiN| parantu inakI padamaJjarI ke sAtha tulanA karane se ina saba kA kartA eka vyakti hI pratIta hotA hai / padamajAH paryAlocanam DA. tIrtharAja tripAThI ne pIeca0 DI0 upAdhi ke liye 'padamaJjaryAH paryAlocanam' nAma kA eka nibandha likhA hai / yaha san 1681 meM chapakara prakAzita huaA hai| usa meM hamArI sabhI mukhya sthApanAeM svIkAra kI haiN| padamaJjarI ke vyAkhyAtA 1- raGganAtha yajvA (saM0 1745 vi0 ke lagabhaga) cola deza nivAsI raMganAtha yajvA ne padamaJjarI kI 'maJjarImakaranda' nAmnI TIkA likhI hai| isa TIkA ke kaI hastalekha madrAsa, aDiyAra' aura tajaura ke rAjakIya pustakAlayoM meM vidyamAna haiN| aDiyAra ke sUcIpatra meM isakA nAma 'parimala' likhA hai| 15 paricaya-raMganAtha yajvA ne grantha ke prArambha meM apanA paricaya isa prakAra diyA hai'yo nArAyaNadIkSitasya naptA nallAdIkSitasUriNastu pautraH / zrInArAyaNadIkSitendraputro vyAkhyAmyeSa raGganAthayajvA' / prathamAdhyAya ke anta meM nimna pATha upalabdha hotA hai 'iti zrIsarvavedavedAGgajJasarvakratvagnicitaH [nallAdIkSitasya] protreNa nArAyaNadIkSitAgnicidvAdazAhayAjitanayena raGganAthadIkSitena viracite maJjarImakarande prathamAdhyAyasya prathamaH pAdaH samAptaH' / ina prAdyanta lekhoM ke anusAra raGganAtha yajvA nallA dIkSita kA pautra, nArAyaNa dIkSita kA putra aura nArAyaNa dIkSita kA dohitra 25 hai| yaha kauNDinya gotraja thaa| raMganAtha kA nAnA nArAyaNa dIkSita nallA dIkSita ke bhrAtA 1. sUcIpatra bhAga 4 khaNDa 1C pRSTha 5703, granthAGka 3851 / 2. sUcIpatra bhAga 2, pRSTha 72 / 3. sUcIpatra bhAga 10, pRSTha 4146, granthAGka 5466 / 20

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kAzikA ke vyAkhyAtA 576 dharmarAja yajvA kA ziSya thA / isane kaMyaTaviracita mahAbhASya pradIpa kI TIkA likhI thI / dekho - pUrva pRSTha 464 / I rAmacandra adhvarI raMganAtha yajvA kA cacerA bhAI thA / rAmacandra kA dUsarA nAma rAmabhadra bhI thA / rAmacandra ke pitA kA nAma yajJarAma * dIkSita aura pitAmaha kA nAma nallA dIkSita thA / yaha kula zrotayajJoM ke anuSThAna ke lie pratyanta prasiddha rahA hai / inakA pUrNa vaMza hama pRSTha 464 para de cuke haiM / 5 vAmanAcArya sUnu varadarAja kRta 'RtuvaiguNyaprAyazcitta' ke prArambha meM raMganAtha yajvA ko coladezAntargata ' karaNDamANikya' grAma kA rahanevAlA aura padamaJjarI kI 'makaranda' TIkA tathA siddhAntakaumudI kI 10 'pUrNimA' vyAkhyA kA racayitA likhA hai / ' kAla - taJjIra ke pustakAlaya ke sUcIpatra meM raGganAtha kA kAla 17 vIM zatAbdI likhA hai / raGganAtha yajvA ke cacere bhAI rAmacandra ( = rAmabhadra ) yajvA viracita uNAdivRtti tathA paribhASAvRtti kI vyAkhyA se vidita hotA hai ki yaha taJjaura ke 'zAhajI' nAmaka rAjA 15 kA samakAlika thA / ' zAhajI ke rAjyakAla kA prArambha saM0 1744 se mAnA jAnA haiM / ataH raMganAtha yajvA kA kAla bhI vikrama kI 18 vIM zatAbdI kA madhya hogA / 2- zivabhaTTa zivabhaTTaviracita padamaJjarI kI 'kukuma vikAsa' nAmnI vyAkhyA 20 kA ullekha prAphekTa ke bRhat sUcIpatra meM upalabdha hotA hai / hameM isakA anyatra ullekha upalabdha nahIM huA / isakA kAla ajJAta hai / 1. yenakaraNDamANikyagrAmaratnanivAsinA / raGganAthAdhvarIndreNa makarandAbhidhA kRtA / vyAkhyA hi padamaJjaryA: kaumudyAH pUrNimA tathA / / madrAsa rAjakIya 25 hastalekha pustakAlaya sUcIpatra bhAga khaNDa C pRSTha 808, granthAGka 634 C 2. bhojo rAjati bhosalAnyayamaNiH zrIzAha pRthivIpatiH / ...... rAmabhadramastrI tena preritaH karuNAbdhinA / taJjIra pustakAlaya kA sUcIpatra, bhAga 10, pRSTha 4239, granthAGka 5675 /

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580 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 6. rAmadeva mizra (saM0 1115-1370 vi0 ke madhya) rAmadeva mizra ne kAzikA kI 'vRttipradIpa' nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai| isake hastalekha DI0 e0 vI0 kAlejAntargata lAlacanda pustakAlaya lAhora tathA madrAsa aura tajaura ke rAjakIya pustakAlayoM meM vidyamAna haiN| kamaleza kumAra anusandhAtA, zivakumAra chAtrAvAsa kamarA naM0 65, saM0 vi0 vi0 vArANasI kA 16-7-78 kA eka patra prApta huA hai usameM 'vRttipradIpa' ke hastalekhoM kA vivaraNa isa prakAra diyA "yaha vRttipradIpa abhI taka do hI jagahoM meM dekhane ko milA hai| eka pratilipi sarasvatI bhavana saMskRta vi0 vi0 vArANasI meM hai aura dUsarI prati gavarnameNTa oriyaNTala mainyuskripTas lAyabrerI madrAsa-5 meM upalabdha hai / saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya (vArANasI) kI pratilipi gavarnameNTa saMskRta kAleja tripurIthurA arNAkulam se maMgavAI gaI hai, aisA yahAM ke rajisTara meM ullikhita hai / lekina mujhe tripurIthurA se koI sahI uttara nahIM prApta huA ki yaha grantha mUla rUpa se hastalekha meM vahAM prApta hai / hoziyArapura meM maliyAlama lipi meM dvitIyAdhyAya paryanta surakSita hai / aisI sUcanA prApta huI hai / sarasvatI mahala lAyabrerI tajaura ke granthAdhyakSa ke patra se jJAta huA ki yaha grantha vahAM nahIM hai|" isa ke pazcAt kamaleza kumAra se koI saMparka nahIM ho skaa| kamaleza kumAra ne vRttipradIpa para kucha kArya kiyA vA nahIM, isa viSaya meM hameM kucha bhI jJAta nahIM hai| kAla-rAmadevaviracita 'vRttipradIpa' ke aneka uddharaNa mAdhavIyA 25 dhAtuvRtti meM upalabdha hote haiN| ataH rAmadeva sAyaNa (saMvat 1372 1444) se pUrvavartI hai / yaha isakI uttara sImA hai| sAyaNa 'dhAtuvRtti' pRSTha 50 meM likhatA hai-haradattAnuvAdI rAmamizro'pi / isase pratIta hotA hai ki rAmadeva haradatta kA uttaravartI hai / rAmadeva ke viSaya meM isase adhika kucha jJAta nahIM / 30 1. dekho-pRSTha 34, 50 ityAdi /

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kAzikA ke vyAkhyAtA 581 7. vRttiratna-kAra TriveNDama ke rAjakIya pustakAlaya ke sUcIpatra bhAga 4 granthAGka 56 para kAzikA kI 'vRttiratna' nAmnI vyAkhyA kA ullekha hai / isake kartA kA nAma ajJAta hai| 8. cikitsAkAra AphekTa ne apane bRhatsUcIpatra meM kAzikA kI 'cikitsA' nAmnI vyAkhyA kA ullekha kiyA hai / isake racAyatA kA nAma prajJAta hai| isa adhyAya meM hamane kAzikAvRtti ke vyAkhyAtA 17 vaiyAkaraNoM kA varNana kiyA hai / agale adhyAya meM pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke prakriyA- 10 anyakAroM kA varNana kiyA jaaygaa|

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solahavAM adhyAya pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke prakriyA-granthakAra pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke anantara kAtantra prAdi aneka laghu vyAkaraNa prakriyAkramAnusAra likhe gye| ina vyAkaraNoM kI prakriyAnusAra 5 racanA hone se inameM yaha vizeSatA hai ki chAtra ina granthoM kA jitanA bhAga adhyayana karake chor3a detA hai, use utane viSaya kA jJAna ho jAtA hai| pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI Adi zabdAnuzAsanoM ke sampUrNa grantha kA jaba taka adhyayana na ho, taba taka kisI eka viSaya kA bhI jJAna nahIM hotA, kyoMki inameM prakriyAnusAra prakaraNa-racanA nahIM hai| yathA 10 aSTAdhyAyo meM samAsa-prakaraNa dvitIya adhyAya meM hai, parantu samAsAnta pratyaya paJcamAdhyAya meM likhe haiM / samAsa meM pUrvottara pada ko nimita mAna kara honevAle kArya kA vidhAna SaSThAdhyAya ke tRtIyapAda meM kiyA hai| kucha kArya prathamAdhyAya ke dvitIya pAda aura kucha dvitIyAdhyAya ke caturtha pAda meM par3hA hai / isa prakAra samAsa se sambandha rakhanevAle kArya 15 aneka sthAnoM meM baMTe hue haiM / ataH chAtra jaba taka aSTAdhyAyI ke nyUna se nyUna cha: adhyAya na par3hale, taba taka use samAsa viSaya kA jJAna nahIM ho sktaa| isalie jaba alpamedhasa aura lAghavapriya vyakti pANinIya vyAkaraNa chor3akara kAtantra prAdi prakriyAnusArI dhyAkaraNoM kA adhyayana karane lage, taba pANinIya vaMyAkaraNoM ne bhI usakI rakSAke lie aSTAdhyAyI kI prakriyAkrama se paThana-pAThana kI naI praNAlI kA AviSkAra kiyA / vikrama kI 16 voM zatAbdI ke anantara pANinIya vyAkaraNa kA samasta paThana-pAThana prakriyAgranthAnusAra hone lgaa| isa kAraNa sUtrapAThakramAnusArI paThana-pAThana zana. zaneH ucchinna ho gyaa| donoM praNAliyoM se adhyayana meM gaurava lAghava yaha sarvasammata niyama hai kisI bhI grantha kA adhyayana yadi granthakartA-viracita krama se kiyA jAve, to usameM atyanta saralatA hotI hai / isI niyama ke anusAra siddhAntakaumudI Adi vyutkrama granthoM kI

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pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke prakriyA-granthakAra 583 apekSA aSTAdhyAyI-krama se pANinIya vyAkaraNa kA adhyayana karane se alpa parizrama aura alpakAla meM adhika bodha hotA hai| aura aSTAdhyAyI ke krama se prApta huaA bodha cirasthAyI hotA hai / hama udAharaNa dekara isa bAta ko spaSTa karate haiN| yathA 1-siddhAntakaumudI meM 'prAd guNaH" sUtra acsandhi meM vyAkhyAta 5 hai / vahAM isakI vRtti isa prakAra likhI hai'pravarNAdaci pare pUrvaparayoreko guNa prAdezaH syAt saMhitAyAm' / ' isa vRtti meM 'aci, pUrvaparayoH, ekaH, saMhitAyAm' ye pada kahAM se saMgRhIta hue, isakA jJAna siddhAntakaumudI par3hanevAle chAtra ko nahIM hotA / ataH use sUtra ke sAtha-sAtha sUtra se 5-6 gunI vRtti bhI 10 kaNThAgra karanI par3atI hai / aSTAdhyAyI ke kramAnusAra adhyayana karanevAle chAtra ko ina padoM kI anuvRttiyoM kA samyak bodha hotA hai, ataH use vRtti ghokhane kA parizrama nahIM karanA par3atA / use kevala pUrvAnuvRtta padoM ke sambandhamAtra kA jJAna karanA hotA hai / isa prakAra aSTAdhyAyI ke kramAnusAra par3hanevAle chAtra ko siddhAntakaumUdI kI 15 apekSA chaThA bhAga arthAt sUtramAtra kaNThAgra karanA hotA hai / vaha itane mahAn parizrama aura samaya kI vyartha hAni se baca jAtA hai| 2-aSTAdhyAyI meM 'iT' 'dvivacana' 'num' prAdi sava prakaraNa sUsambaddha par3he hai / yadi kisI vyakti ko iTa vA num kI prApti ke viSaya meM kahIM sandeha utpanna ho jAya, to aSTAdhyAyI ke krama se par3hA 20 humA vyakti 4,5 minaTa se sampUrNa prakaraNa kA pATha karake sandehamukta ho sakatA hai| parantu kaumudI krama se adhyayana karanevAlA zIghra sandehamukta nahIM ho sktaa| kyoMki unameM ye prakaraNa ke sUtra vibhinna prakaraNoM meM bikhare hue haiN| - 3-pANinIya vyAkaraNa meM 'vipratiSedhe paraM kAryam, prasiddhavada- 25 prAbhAt, pUrvatrAsiddham'5 Adi sUtroM ke aneka kArya aise haiM, jinameM sUtrapAThakrama ke jJAna kI mahatI AvazyakatA hotI hai| sUtrapAThakrama ke vinA jAne pUrva, para, AbhAta, tripAdI, sapAdasaptAdhyAyI Adi kA jJAna kadApi nahIM ho sktaa| aura isake vinA zAstra kA pUrNa 1. aSTA0 6 / 1 / 87 // 2. sUtrasaMkhyA 66 / 3. aSTA 1 / 4 / 2 // 30 4. aSTA0 6 / 4 / 22 // 5. aSTA0 8 / 2 / 1 //

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584 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa bodha nahIM hotaa| siddhAntakaumudI par3he hue chAtra ko sUtrapATha ke krama kA jJAna na hone se mahAbhASya pUrNatayA samajha meM nahIM paataa| use pade-pade mahatI kaThinAI kA anubhava hotA hai, yaha hamArA apanA anubhava hai| 4-siddhAntakaumudI Adi ke krama se par3he hue chAtra ko vyAkaraNazAstra zIghra vismata ho jAtA hai / aSTAdhyAyI ke krama se vyAkaraNa par3hanevAle chAtra ko sUtrapATha-krama aura anuvRtti ke saMskAra ke kAraNa vaha zIghra vismRta nahIM hotaa| ____5-siddhAntakaumudI Adi prakriyA granthoM ke dvArA pANinIya vyA10 karaNa kA adhyayana karanevAloM kA aneka viSayoM meM mithyA vA bhrAnta jJAna hotA hai / yathA samarthaH padavidhiH (2011) sUtra siddhAntakaumudI meM samAsa prakaraNa meM par3hA hai| ataH usake adhyetA vA adhyApaka isa sUtra ko samAsa prakaraNa kA hI mAnate haiM / jaba ki aSTAdhyAyI meM yaha sUtra 15 prAkkaDArAt samAsaH (2 / 13) se pUrva paThita hai / bhASyakAra ne ise paribhASA sUtra mAnA hai aura pUre zAstra meM isa kI pravRtti darzAI hai| isI prakAra eka zeSa prakaraNa (1|2|65-73)ke sUtroM ko siddhAntakaumudI meM dvandva samAsa ke prakaraNa meM par3hane se isake par3hane par3hAne vAle ekazeSa ko dvandva samAsa kA bheda samajhate haiN| 20 siddhAntakaumudI Adi prakriyA-granyoM ke AdhAra para pANinIya vyAkaraNa par3hane meM anya aneka doSa haiM, jinheM hama vistarabhiyA yahAM nahIM likhte| __ yahAM yaha dhyAna meM rakhane yogya hai ki aSTAdhyAyI-krama se pANi nIya vyAkaraNa par3hane ke jo lAbha Upara darzAe haiM, ve unheM hI prApta 25 hote haiM, jinheM sampUrNa aSTAdhyAyI pUrNatayA kaNThAgra hotI hai, aura mahAbhASya ke adhyayana-paryanta barAbara kaNThAna rahatI hai| jinheM aSTAdhyAyI kaNThAgra nahIM hotI, aura aSTAdhyAyI ke krama se vyAkaraNa par3hate haiM, ve na kevala usake lAbha se vaJcita rahate haiM, apitu adhika kaThinAI kA anubhava karate haiN| prAcIna kAla meM prathama aSTAdhyAyI . kaNThAna karAne ko paripATI thii| itsiga bhI apanI bhAratayAtrA pustaka meM isa grantha kA nirdeza karatA hai|

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pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke prakriyA-granthakAra 585 pANinIya-krama kA mahAn uddhAraka... vikrama kI 15 vIM zatAbdI se pANinIya vyAkaraNa kA adhyayana prakriyAgranthoM ke AdhAra para hone lagA aura atizIghra sampUrNa bhAratavarSa meM pravRtta ho gayA / 16 vIM zatAbdI ke anantara aSTAdhyAyI ke krama se pANinIya vyAkaraNa kA adhyayana prAyaH lupta ho gyaa| 5 lagabhaga 400 sau varSa taka yahI krama pravRtta rahA / vikrama kI 16 vIM zatAbdI ke anta meM mahAvaiyAkaraNa daNDI svAmI virajAnanda ko prakriyAkrama se pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke adhyayana meM honevAlI hAniyoM kI upajJA huI / ataH unhoMne siddhAntakaumudI ke paThana-pAThana ko chor3akara aSTAdhyAyI par3hAnA prArambha kiyA / tatpazcAt unake ziSya 10 svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ne apane satyArthaprakAza Adi granthoM meM aSTAdhyAyI ke adhyayana para vizeSa bala diyaa| aba aneka pANitIya vayAkaraNa siddhAntakaumudI ke krama ko hAnikAraka aura aSTAdhyAyI ke krama ko lAbhadAyaka mAnane lage haiM / isa grantha ke lekhaka ne pANinIya vyAkaraNa kA adhyayana aSTA- 15 dhyAyI ke krama se kiyA hai / aura kAzI meM adhyayana karate hue siddhAntakaumudI ke paThanapAThana-krama kA parizIlana kiyA hai, tathA aneka chAtroM ko sampUrNa mahAbhASya-paryanta vyAkaraNa par3hAyA hai| usase hama bhI isI pariNAma para pahuMce haiM ki zabdazAstra ke jJAna ke liye pANinIya vyAkaraNa kA adhyayana usakI aSTAdhyAyI ke krama se hI karanA 20 caahiye| kAzI ke vyAkaraNAcAryoM ko siddhAntakaumudI ke krama se vyAkaraNa kA jitanA jJAna 10, 12 varSoM meM hotA hai, usase adhika jJAna aSTAdhyAyI ke krama se 4-5 varSoM meM ho jAtA hai, aura vaha cirasthAyI hotA hai| yaha hamArA vahudhA anubhUta hai / ityalamativistareNa buddhimadvaryeSu / aneka vaiyAkaraNoM ne pANinIya vyAkaraNa para prakriyA-grantha likhe haiN| unameM se pradhAna-pradhAna granthakAroM kA varNana Age kiyA jAtA hai 1. dharmakIrti (saM0 1140 vi0 ke lagabhaga) aSTAdhyAyI para jitane prakriyAnusArI grantha likhe gaye, unameM 30 sabase prAcIna grantha 'rUpAvatAra' isa samaya upalabdha hotA hai| isa

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586 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa grantha kA lekhaka bauddha vidvAn dharmakIti hai / yaha nyAyabindu Adi ke racayitA prasiddha bauddha paNDita dharmakIrti se bhinna vyakti hai| dharmakIrti ne aSTAdhyAyI ke pratyeka prakaraNoM ke upayogI sUtroM kA saMkalana karake isakI racanA kI hai / dharmakIrti kA kAla dharmakIrti ne 'rUpAvatAra' meM granthalekhana-kAla kA nirdeza nahIM kiyaa| ataH isakA nizcita kAla ajJAta hai| dharmakIti ke kAlanirNaya meM jo pramANa upalabdha hote haiM, ve nimna haiM 1. zaraNadeva ne durghaTavRtti kI racanA zakAbda 1095 tadanusAra 10 vi0 saM0 5230 meM kii|' zaraNadeva ne rUpAvatAra aura dharmakIrti' donoM kA ullekha durghaTavRtti meM kiyA hai / ___2. hemacandra ne liGgAnuzAsana ke svopajJa vivaraNa meM dharmakIrti aura usake rUpAvatAra kA nAmollekhapUrvaka nirdeza kiyA hai| hemacandra ne svIya paJcAGga-vyAkaraNa kI racanA vi0 saM0 1166-1166 ke 15 madhya kI hai| 3. amaraTIkAsarvasva meM asakRt uddhRta maitreyaviracita dhAtupradIpa ke pRSTha 131 meM nAmanirdezapUrvaka 'rUpAvatAra' kA uddharaNa milatA hai| maitreya kA kAla vi0 saM0 1165 ke lagabhaga hai, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiM / yaha dharmakIrti kI uttara sImA hai| 4. dharmakIrti ne 'rUpAvatAra' meM padamaJjarIkAra haradatta kA ullekha kiyA hai| haradatta kA kAla saM0 1115 ke lagabhaga hai| yaha dharmakIrti kI pUrva sImA hai / ataH 'rUpAvatAra' kA kAla ina 1. dekho-pUrva pRSTha 528 Ti0 2 / 2. dra0--pRSTha 71 / 3. dra0-pRSTha 30 / 25 4. vAH vAri rUpAvatAre tu dharmakIrtinAsya napuMsakatvamuktam / liGgA0 svopajJavivaraNa, pRSTha 71, pakti 15 / 5. dekhie-haima vyAkaraNa prakaraNa, a0 17 / 6. rUpAvatAre tu Nilope pratyayotpatteH prAgeva kRte satyekActvAd ydaahRt| zcocUryata iti / dekho-rUpAvatAra bhAga 2, pRSTha 206 / / 30 7. dra0-pUrva pRSTha 424 / 8. dra0-pUrva pRSTha 421, Ti0 4 /

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pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke prakriyA-granthakAra 587 donoM ke madhya vi0 saM0 1140 ke lagabhaga mAnanA cAhiye / haradatta kA kAla AnumAnika hai / yadi usakA kAla kucha pUrva khiMca jAya, to dharmakIrti kA kAla bhI kucha pUrva saraka jaaygaa| rUpAvatArasaMjJaka anya grantha jammU ke raghunAtha mandira ke pustakAlaya ke sUcIpatra pRSTha 45 para 5 'rUpAvatAra' saMjJaka do pustakoM kA ullekha hai / inakA granthAGka 45 aura 1106 hai / sUcIpatra meM granthAGka 45 kA kartA 'kRSNa dIkSita' likhA hai / granthAGka 1106 kA hastalekha hindI-bhASAnuvAda sahita hai| isa para sUcIpatra ke sampAdaka sTAIna ne TippaNI likho haiM- yaha grantha saM0 45 se bhinna hai| vidvAnoM ko ina hastalekhoM kI tulanA 10 karanI cAhiye / rUpAvatAra ke TIkAkAra 1-zaMkararAma zaMkararAma ne rUpAvatAra kI 'nIvi' nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai| isake tIna hastalekha TriveNDam ke rAjakIya pustakAlaya meM vidyamAna 15 haiM / dekho-sUcIpatra bhAga 2 granthAGka 62; bhAga 4 granthAGka 46 ; bhAga 6 granyAGka 31 / zaMkararAma kA deza aura vRtta ajJAta hai| kisI zaMkara ke mata nArAyaNa bhaTTa ne apane 'prakriyAsarvasva' meM bahudhA uddhata kie haiN|' yadi yaha zaMkara 'rUpAvatAra' kA TIkAkAra 20 hI ho, to isakA kAla vikrama kI 17 vIM zatI se pUrva hai, itanA nizcita rUpa se kahA jA sakatA hai / 2-dhAtupratyayapaJjikA-TIkAkAra bhaNDArakara prAcyavidyA pratiSThAna pUnA ke vyAkaraNa vibhAgIya sUcIpatra saM0 61, 120 A, 1880-81 para 'dhAtupratyayapaJjikATIkA 25 nAmnI rUpAvatAra vyAkhyA kA eka hastalekha nirdiSTa hai / granthakartA kA nAma vA kAla ajJAta hai| 1. prakriyAsarvasva taddhita bhAga, madrAsa saMskaraNa, sUtra saMkhyA 56, 63, 1020, 1104 //

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa- zAstra kA itihAsa 3- ajJAtakartRka bhaNDArakara prAcyavidyA pratiSThAna pUnA ke vyAkaraNa vibhAgIya san 1938 ke sUcIpatra meM saM0 60, pRSTha 94-95 para 'rUpAvatAra' kI eka ajJAtaka' ka TIkA nirdiSTa hai| isameM zaMkara kRta nauvi TokA kA khaNDana milatA hai / ata: yaha usase parabhAvI, hai, itanA spaSTa hai / 5 588 4- zrajJAtanAmA madrAsa rAjakIya pustakAlaya ke san 1937 ke chape hue sUcIpatra pRSTha 10368 para 'rUpAvatAra' ke vyAkhyAgrantha kA ullekha hai / isakA granthAGka 15913 hai / yaha grantha apUrNa hai / yaha bar3e AkAra ke 524 10 pRSThoM para likhA huA hai / granthakAra kA nAma ajJAta hai ata eva usake kAkA nirNaya bhI duSkara hai / 2. prakriyAratnakAra (saM0 1300 vi0 se pUrva ) 15 sAyaNa ne apanI dhAtuvRtti meM 'prakriyAratna' nAmaka grantha ko bahudhA uddhRta kiyA hai / ' una uddharaNoM ko dekhane se vidita hotA hai ki yaha pANinIya sUtroM para prakriyAnusArI vyAkhyAna- grantha hai / 'daivam' kI kRSNa lIlAzuka muni viracita puruSakAra vyAkhyA meM bhI 'prakriyAratna' uddhRta hai / ' granthakAra kA nAma aura deza kAla Adi ajJAta hai / 'puruSakAra ' 20 meM uddhRta hone se itanA nizcita hai ki yaha granthakAra saM0 1300 se pUrvabhAvI haiM / kRSNa lIlAzuka muni kA kAla vikrama saMvat 12501350 ke madhya hai / kRSNa lIlAzuka muni ne prakriyAratna ko jisa DhaMga se smaraNa kiyA hai, usase hameM sandeha hotA haiM ki isakA lekhaka kRSNa lIlAzuka 25 muni hai / 1. dhAtuvRtti, kAzI saMskaraNa, pRSTha 31, 416 ityAdi / 2. prapaJcitaM caitat prakriyAratne / pRSTha 110 / hamArA saMskaraNa pRSTha 102 / 3. dra0 - daiva puruSakAra kA hamArA upodghAta pRSTha 6 /

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pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke prakriyA-granthakAra 586 vopadeva ke guru dhanezvara kRta prakriyAratnamaNi grantha kA ullekha pUrva pRSTha 434 para kara cuke haiN| 3. vimala sarasvatI (saM0 1400 vi0 se pUrva) vimala sarasvatI ne pANinIya sUtroM kI prayogAnusArI 'rUpamAlA' 5 nAmmI vyAkhyA likhI hai / isa grantha meM samasta pANinIya sUtra vyAkhyAta nahIM haiN| bhaNDArakara prAcyavidyA zodha pratiSThAna pUnA ke saMgraha meM isakA eka hastalekha saM0 1507 kA vidyamAna hai / dra0 vyAkaraNa vibhAgIya sUcIpatra, san 1938, saMkhyA 80, pRSTha 71, 72 / rUpamAlA kA kAla saM0 1400 se prAcIna mAnA jAtA hai| 10 4. rAmacandra (saM0 1450 vi0 ke lagabhaga) rAmacandrAcArya ne pANinIya vyAkaraNa para 'prakriyAkaumudI' saMjJaka grantha racA hai / yaha dharmakItiviracita rUpAvatAra se vistRta hai| parantu isameM bhI aSTAdhyAyI ke samasta sUtroM kA nirdeza nahIM hai / pANinIya 15 vyAkaraNazAstra meM praveza ke icchuka vidyArthiyoM ke liye isa grantha kI racanA huI hai / ata: granthakartA ne sarala DhaMga aura sarala zabdoM meM madhyama mArga kA avalambana kiyA hai| isa grantha kA mukhya prayojana prakriyAjJAna karAnA hai| * paricaya-rAmacandrAcArya kA vaMza zeSavaMza kahAtA hai / vyAkaraNa- 20 jJAna ke liye zeSavaMza atyanta prasiddha rahA hai| isa vaMza ke aneka vaiyAkaraNoM ne pANinIya vyAkaraNa para praur3ha grantha likhe haiM / rAmacandra ke pitA kA nAma 'kRSNAcArya' thaa| rAmacandra ke pUtra 'nasiMha ne dharmatattvAloka ke prArambha meM rAmacandra ko ATha vyAkaraNoM kA jJAtA, aura sAhityaratnAkara likhA hai|' rAmacandra ne apane pitA kRSNAcArya 25 aura tAU gopAlAcArya se vidyAdhyayana kiyA thaa| rAmacandra ke jyeSTha bhrAtA nasiMha kA putra zeSa kRSNa rAmacandrAcArya kA ziSya thaa| rAmacandra kA vaMzavRkSa hama pUrva de cuke haiM / ' 1. dekho-iNDiyA prAphisa landana ke saMgraha kA sUcIpatra granthAGka 1566 / 2. dekho-pUrva pRSTha 438 /

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kAla - rAmacandra ne apane grantha ke nirmANakAla kA ullekha nahIM kiyA / rAmacandra ke pautra viTThala ne prakriyAkaumudI kI prasAda nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai, parantu usane bhI grantharacanA - kAla kA saMketa nahIM kiyA / rAmacandra ke prapautra arthAt viTThala ke putra ke hAtha kA likhA 5 huyA prakriyAkaumudIprasAda kA eka hastalekha bhaNDArakara prAcyavidyApratiSThAna pUnA ke pustakAlaya meM vidyamAna hai / isake anta meM grantha lekhanakAla saM0 1583 likhA hai / ' prakriyAkaumudIprasAda kA saMvat 1576 kA eka hastalekha vikrama vizvavidyAlaya ujjaina ke saMgraha meM hai / isa kI saMkhyA 5325 hai / dUsarA saM0 1560 kA eka hastalekha 10 bar3odA ke rAjakIya pustakAlaya meM vartamAna hai / isane bhI purAnA saM 1536 kA likhA humA prakriyAkaumudIprasAda kA eka hastalekha landana ke iNDiyA grAphisa ke pustakAlaya meM surakSita hai / isake anta kA lekha isa prakAra hai 560 'saM0 1536 varSe mAghavadi ekAdazI ravau zrImadAnanda purasthAno15 ttame Abhyantaranagara jAtIya paNDitapranantasuta paNDitanArAyaNAdInAM paThanArthaM kuThArI vyavahitasutena vizvarUpeNa likhitam' isase suvyakta hai ki prakriyAkaumudI kI TIkA kI racanA viTThala ne saM0 1536 se pUrva avazya kara lI thI / bhUla kA nirAkaraNa - hamane isa se pUrva ( 1-2-3 ) saMskaraNoM meM 20 bhaNDArakara zodhapratiSThAna ke san 1925 meM prakAzita sUcIpatra* ke anusAra saMkhyA 328 ke hastalekha kA kAla vi0 saM0 1514 likhA thA / paM0 mahezadatta zarmA ne apane 'kAzikAvRttivaiyAkaraNasiddhAnta 1. dra0 - vyAkaraNa vibhAgIya sUcIpatra san 1938, saMkhyA 65, pRSTha 67 / yaha prakriyA ke pUrvArdha kA subantaprakaraNAnta hai / anta kA lekha hai - 25 iti svasti zrI saMvat 1583 varSe zAke 1448 pravartamAne bhAdrapadamAse zuklapakSe trayodazyAM tithau bhaumadine nandigirau zrI rAmacandrAcAryasuta sustva ? sutenAkhi / zubhaM bhavatu kalyANaM bhavatu / 2. dekho - pra0 kau0 ke hastalekhoM kA vivaraNa, pRSTha 17 / 3. iNDiyA aphisa landana ke pustakAlaya kA sUcIpatra bhAga 2, pRSTha 30 167, granthAGka 616 / 4. hA sakatA hai hamAre dvArA saMvat ke nirdeza meM bhUla huI ho /

Page #628
pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke prakriyA-granthakAra 561 kaumudyoH tulanAtmakamadhyayanam' nAmaka zodha prabandha (pRSTha 55) hamAre ukta nirdeza kA khaNDana kara ke usa hastalekha kA zuddha lipikAla 1714 darzAyA hai| isa bhUla ke saMzodhana ke liye unako dhanyavAda / ___paM0 mahezadatta zarmA ne hamArI bhUla kA nirdeza karate hue bhI prakriyAkaumudI ke iNDiyA Aphisa ke saM0 1536 ke hastalekha kA 5 bhaTrojidIkSita ke kAla nirdeza meM koI upayoga nahIM kiyaa| saM0 1536 ke hastalekha ke vidyamAna rahate hue hamAre dvArA nirdhArita rAmacandra viThThala aura prakriyAkaumudI ke vattikAra zeSa kRSNa ke kAla meM koI vizeSa antara nahIM par3atA / kyoMki zeSa kRSNa rAmacandrAcArya kA ziSya thA aura viTThala zeSa kRSNa ke putra rAmezvara 10 (vIrezvara) kA ziSya thA / ataH yadi viTThala ne prasAda TIkA kI racanA vi0 saM0 1536 se pUrva kara lI thI to usa ke pitAmaha rAmacandra kA kAla vi0 saM0 1450-1520 taka mAnanA ucita hI prakriyAkomudI ke sampAdaka ne likhA hai ki hemAdri ne apanI 15 raghuvaMza kI TIkA meM prakriyAkaumudI aura usakI prasAda TIkA ke do uddharaNa diye haiN| tadanusAra rAmacandra aura viTThala kA kAla IsA ko 14 vIM zatAbdI hai| prakriyAkaumudI ke vyAkhyAtA 1-zeSakRSNa (saM0 1475 vi0 ke lagabhaga) gaMgA yamunA ke antarAlavartI patrapuJja ke rAjA kalyANa kI prAjJA se nRsiMha ke putra zeSakRSNa ne prakriyAkaumudI kI 'prakAza' nAmnI vyAkhyA likhii| zrIkRSNa kRta prakriyAkaumudI vyAkhyA ke eka hastalekha ke anta meM mahArAja vIravara kArite likhaa| yaha rAmacandra kA 1. pra0 ko0 bhAga 1, bhUmikA pRSTha 44, 45 / 2. kalyANala tanadbhavasya nRpatiH kalyANamUrtastataH kalyANImatimAkalayya viSamagranthArthasaMvittaye / kRSNaM zeSanRsiMhasUritanayaM zrIprakriyAkaumudITIkAM kartumaso vizeSaviduSAM prItyai samAjijJapat // pra0 ko0 bhAga 1, bhUmikA puSTha 45 / ___3. zrI kRSNasya kRtA samAptimagamada dvitvAzraya prakriyA / iti mahArAja 30 vIravara kArite prakriyAkaumudI vivaraNe vIravaraprakAze subanta bhaagH| bhaNDArakara

Page #629
592 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ziSya aura rAmacandra ke putra nRsiMha kA guru thaa| prakriyAkaumudIprakAza kA dUsarA nAma 'prakriyAkaumudI-vRtti' bhI hai / zeSa kRSNa ke putra rAmezvara (vIrezvara) ke ziSya viTThala kI prakriyAkaumudI prasAda ke vi0 saM0 1536 ke hastalekha kA pUrva ullekha kara cuke haiN| tadanusAra zeSa kRSNa kA kAla vi0 saM0 1475-1535 taka mAnanA yukta hogaa| zeSa kRSNa dIrghAyu the| ataH una kA kAla saM0 1475-1575 taka bhI ho sakatA hai| __ zeSakRSNa paNDita viracita yaGa lugantaziromaNi grantha kA eka hastalekha bhaNDArakara prAcyavidyApratiSThAna pUnA ke saMgraha meM vidyamAna hai / dekho-vyAkaraNaviSayaka sUcIpatra san 1938, saM0 233, 307/A 1875-76 / isa hastalekha meM pRSTha mAtrA kA prayoga hai| ataH yaha hastalekha nyUnAninyUna 400 varSa vA isa se adhika purAnA hogaa| isa ke anta kA pATha sUcI patra meM isa prakAra uddhRta hai chandasItyanuvRttyA prayogAzca yathAbhimataM vyavasthAsyante iti 15 kAzikAkArasammatyA bhASAyAmapi yaGlugasti / tena kecinmahAkavi prayuktA yaGlugantA: ziSTaprayogAmanusRtya prayoktamyA ityAdi prayogAnusArAt / cAndre yaGluka bhASAviSaye evetyuktamiti sarvamakalaGkam / mahAbhASyamahApArAvArapArINabuddhibhiH / parIkSyo grAhyadRSTayA cAyaM yaGlugantaziromagiH // 1 // zrIbhASyapramukhamahArNavAvagAhAt, labdho'yaM maNiramalo hRdA niSevyaH / kSantavyaM yadakaravaM vidAMpurastAt, prAgalbhyaM pitRcaraNaprasAdalezAt // 2 // iti zeSakRSNa paNDita viracito yaGlugantaziromaNiH samAptaH // --viTThala (saM0 1520 vi0 ke lagabhaga) rAmacandra ke pautra aura nRsiMha ke putra viTThala ne prakriyAkaumudI ko 'prasAda' nAmnI TIkA likhI hai| viTala ne zeSakRSNa ke putra rAmezvara apara nAma vIrezvara ne vyAkaraNazAstra kA adhyayana kiyA prA0 zo0 pra0 pUnA, vyAkaraNa sUcIpatra san 1938, saMkhyA 117, paSTha 104 / 1. zodha kartAmoM ko isa hastalekha para vizeSa vicAra karanA cAhiye /

Page #630
75 pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke prakriyA granthakAra 563 thA, yaha hama pUrva pRSTha 532, 487, Ti0 10 para likha cuke haiM / viTThala kI TIkA kA saba se purAnA hastalekha saM0 1536 kA hai, yaha bhI hama pUrva darzA cuke haiM / ataH isa TIkA kI racanA saM0 1536 se kucha pUrva huI hogii| yadi saM0 1536 ko hI prasAda TIkA kA racanA kAla mAneM taba bhI viTThala kA kAla vi0 saM0 1515-1565 taka 5 nizcita hotA hai| isa kAla-nirdeza meM tIna bAdhAeM haiN| eka-mallinAtha kRta nyAsodyota kA sAyaNa dvArA dhAtuvRtti meM smaraNa karanA' / aura dUsarAprakriyAkaumudI ke sampAdaka ke matAnusAra hemAdrikRta raghuvaMza kI TIkA meM prakriyAkaumudI aura usakI TIkA prasAda kA ullekha karanA / prathama 10 bAdhA ko to dUra kiyA jA sakatA hai, kyoMki nyAsodyotta kAvyaTIkAkAra mallinAtha viracita hai, isameM koI puSTa pramANa nahIM / itanA hI nahIM, mallinAtha ne kirAtArjunIya 2017 kI vyAkhyA meM 'uktaM ca nyAsodyote' itanA hI saMketa kiyA hai| yadi nyAsodyota usakI racanA hotI, to vaha 'uktaM cAsmAbhinyAsodyote' isa prakAra nirdeza karatA / 15 dUsarI bAdhA kA samAdhAna hamArI samajha meM nahIM AyA / hemAdri kI matyu vi0 saM0 1333 (san 1276) meM mAnI jAtI hai / ataH hemAdri kA kAla saM0 1275-1333 taka mAnA jAye, to rAmacandra aura viTThala kA kAla nyUnAtinyUna saM0 1300-1340 taka mAnanA hogaa| usa avasthA meM vyAkaraNa granthakAroM kI uttara paramparA nahIM 20 judd'tii| uttara paramparA ko dhyAna se rakhakara hamane jo kAla rAmacandra aura viTThala kA mAnA haiM, usakA hemAdri ke kAla ke sAtha virodha AtA hai| ___ tIsarI bAdhA hai rAmezvara (vIrezvara) ke ziSya manoramAkucamardana ke lekhaka paNDita jagannAtha kA zAhajahAM bAdazAha kA sabhApati 25 honA / zAhajahAM vi0 saM0 1685 (san 1628) meM siMhAsana para baiThA thaa| isa ke anusAra jagannAtha kA janma saM0 1650 ke lagabhaga aura rAmezvara se adhyayana saM0 1665 meM mAneM taba bhI rAmezvara ke saM0 1500-1575 kAla meM 60 varSa kA antara par3atA hai| isa samasyA ko sulajhAne meM hama asamartha haiM / hastalekhoM ke anta meM 30 likhita kAla kisI eka meM azuddha ho sakatA hai, pUrva nirdiSTa sabhI 1. dra0-pUrva pRSTha 568, Ti0 4 /

Page #631
594 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kA azuddha nahIM ho sktaa| hAM yaha kalpanA kI jA sakatI hai ki saMvata nAma se zakAbda kA ullekha kara diyA ho, kintu jaba rAmacandra ke prapautra dvArA likhita prakriyAkaumudI prasAda ke hastalekha ke anta meM saMvat 1583 ke sAtha zAke 1448 kA spaSTa nirdeza hove' to yaha kalpanA bhI upapanna nahIM hotii| viTThala kI TIkA atyanta sarala hai| lekhanazailI meM praur3hatA nahIM hai| sambhava hai viTThala kA yaha prathama grantha ho| viTThala ke lekha se vidita hotA hai ki usake kAla taka 'prakriyAkaumudI' meM paryApta prakSepa ho cukA thaa| ata eva usane apanI TIkA kA nAma 'prasAda' rvkhaa| 10 prakriyAprasAda meM udadhata grantha aura granthakAra-viTaThala ne prakriyAprasAda meM aneka granthoM aura granthakAroM ko uddhRta kiyA hai| jinameM se kucha-eka ye haiM darpaNa kavi kRta pANinIyamata-darpaNa-(zlokabaddha)-bhAga 1, pRSTha 8, 318, 347 ityAdi / kRSNAcAryakRta upasargArthasaMgraha zloka-bhAga 1, pR0 38 / vopadevakRta vicAracintAmaNi (zlokabaddha)-bhAga 1, pR0 167, 176, 228, 236 ityaadi| kAvyakAmadhenu-bhAga 2, pR0 276 / mugdhabodha -bhAga 1, pR0 276, 375, 431 ityAdi / rAmavyAkaraNa-bhAga 2, pR0 244, 328 / padasindhusetu-(sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNaprakriyA) bhAga 1, pR0 313 / mugdhabodhapradIpa-bhAga 2, pRSTha 102 / prabodhodayavRtti-bhAga 2, pRSTha 53 / rAmakautuka-(vyAkaraNagrantha) bhAga 1, pR0 360 / kArakaparIkSA-bhAga 1, pR0 385 / prapaJcapradIpa-(vyAkaraNagrantha) bhAga 1, pR0 595 / kRSNAcArya-bhAga 1, pR0 34 / hemasUrI-bhAga 2, pR0 146 / / 1. pR0 560 Ti0 1 meM uddhRta hastalekha kA pATha / 2. tathA ca paNDitaMmanyaiH prakSepairmalinI kRtaa| bhAga, pRSTha 2 / etacca kurve ityasmAt prAsthitaM lekhakadoSAdatra paThitaM jJeyam / bhAga 2, pR0 276 /

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pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke prakriyA-granthakAra - 565 kavidarpaNa-bhAga 1, pR0 436, 607, 767 ityAdi / zAkaTAyana-bhAga 1, pR0 303, 306 / narendrAcArya-bhAga 1, pR0807 / vopdev-bhutr| 3-cakrapANidatta (saM0 1550-1625) cakrapANidatta ne prakriyAkaumudI kI 'prakriyApradIpa' nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI thii| cakrapANidatta ne zeSakRSNa ke putra vIrezvara se vidyAdhyayana kiyA thaa|' cakrapANidatta ne 'prauDhamanoramAkhaNDana' nAmaka eka grantha likhA hai / usakA upalabdha aMza kAzI se prakAzita huA hai| usake pRSTha 47 meM likhA hai 'tasmAduttaratrAnuvRttyarthaM tadityasmatkRtapradIpokta eva niSkarSoM bodhyH| punaH pRSTha 120 para likhA hai-'anyattu prkriyaaprdiipaadvdheym'| 'prakriyApradIpa' samprati upalabdha nahIM hai| cakrapANidatta vIrezvara kA ziSya hai, ataH usakA kAla saM0 1550-1625 ke madhya hogaa| 15 4-appana nainArya hamane pUrva pRSTha 526 para aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra ke prasaGga * meM appana nainAryakRta 'prakriyAdIpikA' kA nirdeza kiyA hai| hamArA vicAra hai ki vaha aSTAdhyAyo kI vyAkhyA nahIM haiM, apitu prakriyA- , kaumudI kI vyAkhyA hai| vizeSa hastalekha dekhane para hI jAnA jA 20 sakatA hai| 5-vAraNavaneza vAraNavaneza ne prakriyAkaumudI kI 'amRtasRti' nAmnI TokA likhI hai| isakA eka hastalekha tajaura ke rAjakIya pustakAlaya meM vidyamAna hai / dekho-sUcIpatra bhAga 10 granthAGka 5755 / . 25 vAraNavaneza kA kAla ajJAta hai| 1. virodhinAM tirobhAvabhavyo yadbhAratIbharaH / vIrezvaraM guru zeSavaMzottaMsaM bhajAmi tam / / prauDhamanoramAkhaNDana ke prArambha meM / mudritagrantha meM 'vaTezvaraM guru pATha hai / hamArA pATha landana ke iNDiyA Aphisa pustakAlaya ke hastalekhAnusAra hai| dekho-sUcIpatra bhAga 2, pRSTha 62, granthAGka 728 /

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566 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 6-vizvakarmA zAstrI vizvakarmA nAmaka kisI vaiyAkaraNa ne prakriyAkaumudI kI 'prakriyAvyAkRti' nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai| vizvakarmA ke pitA kA nAma dAmodara vijJa, aura pitAmaha kA nAma bhImasena thA isakA kAla 5 bhI ajJAta hai| tajaura ke sUcIpatra meM isa TIkA kA nAma 'prakriyApradIpa' likhA hai| dekho-sUcIpatra bhAga 10 pRSTha 4304 / 7-nRsiMha kisI nRsiMha nAmA vidvAn ne prakriyAkaumudI kI 'vyAkhyAna' nAmnI TIkA likhI hai| isakA eka hastalekha udayapura ke rAjakIya pustakAlaya meM hai / dekho-sUcIpatra pRSTha 80 / dUsarA hastalekha madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha pustakAlaya meM vidyamAna hai / dekho- sUcIpatra bhAga 2, khaNDa 1 sI, pRSTha 2263 / nRsiMha nAma ke aneka vidvAn prasiddha haiM / yaha kaunasA nRsiMha hai, yaha ajJAta hai| 8-nirmaladarpaNakAra kisI ajJAtanAmA vidvAn ne prakriyAkaumudI kI 'nirmaladarpaNa' nAmaka TIkA likhI hai / isakA eka hastalekha madrAsa rAjakIya pustakAlaya meM saMgRhIta hai| dekho--sUcIpatra bhAga 4, khaNDa 1C. pRSTha 5586, granthAGka 3775 / / 8-jayanta jayanta ne prakriyAkaumudI kI 'tattvacandra' nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai| jayanta ke pitA kA nAma madhusUdana thA / vaha tApatI taTavartI 'prakAzapurI' kA nivAsI thA / ' isake grantha kA hastalekha landana nagarastha iNDiyA Aphisa pustakAlaya ke saMgraha meM vidyamAna hai| 25 dekho-sUcIpatra bhAga 2, pRSTha 170, granthAGka 625 / / jayanta ne yaha vyAkhyA zeSakRSNa-viracita prakriyAkaumudI kI TIkA ke AdhAra para likhI gaI hai|' granthakAra ne prakriyAkaumudI kI kisI 1. bhUpIThe tApatItaTe vijayate tatra prakAzA purI, tatra zrImaghusUdano viruruce vidvadvibhUSAmaNiH / tatputreNa jayantakena viduSAmAlocya sarvaM matam, tattve 10 saMkalite samAptimagamata sandhisthitA vyAkRtiH // 2. zrIkRSNapaNDitavacombudhimanthanottham, sAraM nipIya phaNisammatayuktimiSTam / arthyAmavistarayutAM kurute jayantaH, satkaumudIvivRtimuttamasaMmadAya /

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pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke prakriyA-granthakAra 567 aura TIkA kA ullekha nahIM kiyA / ataH sambhavaH hai ki isakA kAla vikrama kI 16 vIM zatAbdI kA madhyabhAga ho| yaha jayanta nyAyamaJjarIkAra jayanta se bhinna arvAcIna hai / 10-vidyAnAtha dIkSita vidyanAtha ne prakriyAkaumudI kI 'prakriyAraJjana' nAmnI TIkA 5 likhI hai / prAphekTa ne bRhatsUcIpatra meM isa TIkA kA ullekha kiyA 11-varadarAja varadarAja ne prakriyAkaumudI kI 'vivaraNa' nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai| isa vyAkhyA kA eka hastalekha udayapura ke rAjakIya pustakAlaya 10 meM vidyamAna hai| dekho-sUcIpatra pRSTha 80, granthAGka 791 / yaha varadarAja laghukaumudI kA racayitA hai vA anya, yaha ajJAta hai| 12-kAzInAtha kAzInAtha nAmA kisI vidvAn ne prakriyAkaumudI' para 'prakriyAsAra' nAmaka grantha likhA hai| isakA eka hastalekha bhaNDArakara prAcya- 15 vidyApratiSThAna pUnA ke saMgraha meM vidyamAna hai| dekho-vyAkaraNa vibhAgIya sUcIpatra saMkhyA 116 / 242 / 1895-98 / isa hastalekha ke prArambha meM nimna pATha hai 'zrImantaM saccidAnandaM praNamya paramezvaram / prakriyAkaumudIsindhoH sAraH saMgRhyate mayA // ' __20 anta meM nimma lekha hai'striyAM sarvanAmno vRttimAtre puvadabhAva iti TApo nivRttiH / iti kAzInAthakRtau prakriyAsAre dviruktiprkriyaa|' 5. bhaTToji dIkSita (saM0 1570-1650 vi0 ke madhya) 2 bhaTToji dIkSita ne pANinIya vyAkaraNa para 'siddhAntakaumudI' nAmnI prayogakramAnusArI vyAkhyA likhI hai / isase pUrva ke rUpAvatAra, rUpamAlA aura prakriyAkaumudI meM aSTAdhyAyI ke samasta sUtroM kA sanniveza nahIM thaa| isa nyUnatA ko pUrNa karane ke liye bhaTToji

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bhaTToji dIkSita ne siddhAntakaumudI kI racanA se pUrva 'zabda5 kaustubha' likhA thA / yaha pANinIya vyAkaraNa kI sUtrapAThAnusArI vistRta vyAkhyA hai | isakA varNana hama 'praSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra' prakaraNa meM kara cuke haiM / ' vaMza aura kAla - isa viSaya meM hama pUrva likha cuke haiM / ' siddhAntakaumudI ke vyAkhyAtA 568 saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa dIkSita ne 'siddhAntakaumudI' grantha racA / samprati samasta bhAratavarSa meM pANinIya vyAkaraNa kA adhyayana-adhyApana isI siddhAntakaumudI ke AdhAra para pracalita hai / 10 bhaTToja dIkSita (saM0 1570 - 1650 vi0 ke madhya ) bhaTToja dIkSita ne svayaM 'siddhAntakaumudI' kI vyAkhyA likhI hai / yaha 'prauDhamanoramA' ke nAma se prasiddha hai| isameM prakriyAkaumudI ra usakI TIkAoM kA sthAna-sthAna para khaNDana kiyA hai| bhaTToji dIkSita ne yathottaraM munInAM prAmANyam' para bahuta bala diyA hai / prAcIna granthakAra anya vaiyAkaraNoM ke matoM kA bhI prAya: saMgraha karate rahe haiM, parantu bhaTToji dIkSita ne isa prakriyA kA sarvathA uccheda kara diyA / ataH Adhunika kAla ke pANinIya vaiyAkaraNa arvAcIna vyAkaraNoM ke tulanAtmaka jJAna se sarvathA vaJcita ho gaye / 15 'prauDhamanoramA' kA saMvat 1708 kA eka hastalekha pUnA ke 20 bhaNDArakara prAcya vidyApratiSThAna meM hai / dekho - vyAkaraNa vibhAgIya sUcIpatra saMkhyA 132 / bhaTToja dIkSita kRta prauDhamanoramA para unake pautra hari dIkSita ne 'bRhacchandaratna' aura 'laghazabdaratna' do vyAkhyAeM likhI haiM / ye donoM TIkAeM mudrita ho cukI haiN| kaI vidvAnoM kA mata hai ki laghuzabdaratna nAgeza bhaTTa ne likhakara apane guru ke nAma se prasiddha kara diyA hai| bRhacchandaratna bhI prakAzita huprA hai / laghuzabdaratna para aneka vaiyAkaraNoM ne TIkAeM likhI haiM / 25 2 jJAnendra sarasvatI (saM0 1550-1600 ) jJAnendra sarasvatI ne siddhAntakaumudI kI 'tattvabodhinI' nAmnI 1. dra0 - pUrva pRSTha 530 / 2. dra0 - pUrva pRSTha 530 -533 / 30

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pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke prakriyA-grandhakAra 566 vyAkhyA likhI hai / granthakAra ne prAyaH prauDhamanoramA kA hI saMkSepa kiyA hai / jJAnendra sarasvatI ke guru kA nAma vAmanendra sarasvatI thaa| nIlakaNTha vAjapeyI jJAnendra sarasvatI kA ziSya thaa| nIlakaNTha ne mahAbhASya kI 'bhASyatattvaviveka' nAmnI TIkA likhI hai| isakA ullekha hama pUrva kara cuke haiN|' kAla- hama pUrva pRSTha 442 para likha cuke haiM ki bhaTToji dIkSita aura jJAnendra sarasvatI donoM samakAlika haiM / ataH tattvabodhinIkAra kA kAla saM0 1550-1600 taka rahA hogaa| ___ tattvabodhinI-vyAkhyA-gUDhArthadIpikA jJAnendra sarasvatI ke ziSya nIlakaNTha vAjapeyI ne tattvabodhinI kI 'gUDhArthadIpikA' nAmnI 10 eka vyAkhyA likhI thii| vaha svIya paribhASAvRtti meM likhatA hai / asmadgurucaraNakRtatattvabodhinIvyAkhyAne gUDhArthadIpikAkhyAne prapaJcitam / nIlakaNTha kA itivRtta hama pUrva likha cuke haiN|' 3-nIlakaNTha vAjapeyI (saM0 1600-1675 vi0 ke madhya) nolakaNTha vAjapeyI ne siddhAntakaumudI kI bhI sukhabodhinI' 15 nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai| vaha paribhASAvRtti meM likhatA haivistarastu vaiyAkaraNasiddhAntarahasyAkhyAsmatkRtasiddhAntakaumudIvyAkhyAne anusandheyaH / isase vidita hotA hai ki isa TIkA eka nAma vaiyAkaraNasiddhAntarahasya bhI hai| 20 4-rAmAnanda (saM0 1680-1720 vi0) rAmAnanda ne siddhAntakaumudI para 'tattvadIpikA' nAmnI eka vyAkhyA likhI hai / vaha isa samaya halanta strIliMga taka milatI hai / . paricaya tathA kAla-rAmAnanda sarayUpArINa brAhmaNa thaa| isake pUrvaja kAzo meM Akara basa gaye the| rAmAnanda ke pitA kA nAma 25 madhukara tripAThI thaa| ye apane samaya ke utkRSTa zaiva vidvAn the / rAmAnanda kA dArAzikoha ke sAtha vizeSa sambandha thA / dArAzikoha ke kahane se rAmAnanda ne 'virADavivaraNa' nAmaka eka pustaka ___1. dra0-pUrva pRSTha 441 / 2. paribhASAvRtti, pRSTha 10 / 3. dra0-pUrva pRSTha 441-442 / 4. paribhASAvRtti, pRSTha 26 / 30

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anya grantha - rAmAnanda ne saMskRta tathA hindI meM aneka grantha likhe the| jinameM se lagabhaga 50 grantha samagra tathA khaNDita upalabdha haiM / siddhAntakaumudI kI TIkA ke atirikta rAmAnandaviracita liGgAnuzAsana kI eka apUrNa TIkA bhI upalabdha hotI hai / TIkA pANinIya liGgAnuzAsana para hai|' 5 - rAmakRSNa bhaTTa (saM0 1715 vi0) rAmakRSNa bhaTTa ne siddhAntakaumudI kI 'ratnAkara' nAmnI TIkA likhI haiM / isake pitA kA nAma tirumala bhaTTa, aura pitAmaha kA nAma veGkaTAdri bhaTTa thA / isake hastalekha taJjaura ke rAjakIya pustakAlaya aura jammU ke raghunAtha mandira ke pustakAlaya meM vidyamAna haiN| jammU 15 ke eka hastalekha kA lekhanakAla saM0 1744 haiM | dekho sUcIpatra pRSTha 50 / 1 10 600 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa racI thii| usakI racanA saMvat 1713 vaizAkha zukla pakSa 13 zanighAra ko samApta huI thI / dArAzikoha ne rAmAnanda kI vidvattA se mugdha hokara unheM 'vividhavidyAcamatkArapAraGgata' kI upAdhi se bhUSita kiyA thA / bhaNDArakara prAcyavidyApratiSThAna pUnA ke saMgraha meM isa grantha ke cAra hastalekha haiM / dekho - vyAkaraNaviSayaka sUcIpatra saM0 170, 171, 172, 173 / saM0 170 ke hastalekha ke anta meM nimna pATha 20 milatA hai 30 'iti zrImadveGkaTAdribhaTTAtmaja tirumalabhAtmaja rAmakRSNa bhaTTakartR ke kaumudI - vyAkhyAne siddhAntaratnAkare pUrvArdham / candrabhUSu (1715) vatsare kauveradigbhAji ravau madhau site / zrIrAmakRSNaH pratipattitho budhe ratnAkaraM pUrNamacIkaradvaram // 25 zraGkAnAM vAmato gatiH niyamAnusAra yahAM saM0 5171 banatA hai / yaha kabda Adi kisI saMvat ke anusAra upapanna nahIM hotA / zrataH yaha ukta niyama kA apavAda rUpa kramazaH praGkoM kI gaNanA karane para saM0 1715 kAla banatA hai / 1. rAmAnanda ke liye dekho - prAla iNDiyA orieNTala kAnphreMsa 12 vAM adhivezana san 1944, bhAga 4, pRSTha 47.58 /

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76 pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke prakriyA-granthakAra 601 ukta nirdeza ke anusAra rAmakRSNa .bhaTTa kA kAla sAmAnyatayA saM0 1660 se 1750 taka honA caahiye| 6-nAgeza bhaTTa (saM0 1730-1810 vi0 ke madhya) nAgeza bhaTTa ne siddhAntakaumudI kI do vyAkhyAeM likhI haiM / inake nAma haiM bRhacchabdenduzekhara aura laghuzabdenduzekhara / laghuzabdendu- 5 zekhara para aneka TIkAeM likhI gaI haiM / bRhacchabdenduzekhara saM0 2017 (san 1960) meM vArANaseyaM saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya se tIna bhAgoM meM chapa gayA hai / zabdenduzekhara kI racanA mahAbhASyapradIpodyota se pUrva huI thii|' nAgeza bhaTTa ke kAla Adi kA varNana hama pUrva kara cuke haiM / 10 laghuzabdenduzekhara kI TokAeM-laghuzabdeduzekhara para aneka TIkA grantha likhe gye| ina meM udayaGkara bhaTTa kI jyotsnA aura vaidyanAtha pAyaguNDa kI cidasthimAlA prasiddha evaM upayogI haiN| 7-raGganAtha yajvA (saM0 1745 vi0) hamane pUrva pRSTha 576 Ti0 1 para vAmanAcAryasUnu varadarAjakRta 15 kratuvaiguNyaprAyazcitta ke zloka uddhRta kiye haiN| unase jAnA jAtA hai ki raGganAtha yajvA ne siddhAntakaumudI kI 'pUrNimA' nAmnI TokA likhI thii| raGganAtha yajvA ke vaMza aura kAla kA paricaya hama pUrva pRSTha 578-576 para de cuke haiN| ____-vAsudeva vAjapeyI (saM0 1740-1800) vAsudeva vAjapeyIne siddhAntakaumudI kI 'bAlamanoramA'nAmnI TIkA likhI hai / yaha sarala hone se chAtroM ke liye vastutaH bahuta upayogI hai| bAlamanoramA ke antima vacana se jJAta hotA hai ki isake pitA kA nAma mahAdeva vAjapeyI,mAtA kA nAma annapUrNA, aura agraja kA nAma 25 vizvezvara vAjapeyI thaa| vAsudeva vAjapeyI ne apane agraja vizvezvara se aneka zAstroM kA adhyayana kiyA thaa| yaha colaM (taura) deza . 20 zabdenduzekhare spaSTaM nirUpitamasmAbhiH / mahAbhASyapradIpodyota 201122 pRSTha 368, kAlama 2 / / 2. dra0-pUrva pRSTha 467-466 /

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602 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ke bhosalavaMzIya zAhajI, zarabhajI, tukkojI nAmaka tIna rAjAoM ke mantrI vidvAn sArvabhauma AnandarAya kA adhvaryu thaa| zAhajo, zarabhajI aura tukojI rAjAoM kA rAjyakAla san 1687-1738 arthAt vi0 saM0 1744-1763 taka mAnA jAtA hai| bAlamanoramA ke antima lekha meM tukkojI rAjA ke nAma kA ullekha hai / isase pratIta hotA hai ki 'bAlamanoramA' kI racanA tukkojI ke kAla meM haI thii| ataH bAlamanoramAkAra kA kAla saM0 17401800 ke madhya mAnanA caahiye| -kRSNamitra 10 kRSNamitra ne siddhAntakaumudI para 'ratnArNava' nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai| isakA ullekha AphekTa ne apane bRhatsUcIpatra meM kiyA hai / kRSNamitra ne zabdakaustubha kI 'bhAvapradIpa' nAmnI TIkA likhI hai / isakA varNana hama pUrva pRSTha 534 para kara cuke haiM / isane sAMkhya para tattvamImAMsA nAmaka eka nibandha bhI likhA hai| dekho-hamAre mitra 15 mAnanIya zrI paM0 udayavIrajI zAstrI viracita 'sAMkhyadarzana kA itihAsa' pRSTha 318 (prathama sNsk0)| 10-tirumala dvAdazAhayAjI tirumala dvAdazAhayAjI ne kaumudI kI 'sumanoramA' TIkA likhI hai| tirumala ke pitA kA nAma veGkaTa hai / hama saMkhyA 5 para rAmaH 20 kRNaviracita ratnAkara vyAkhyA kA ullekha kara cuke haiN| rAmakRSNa kA pitA kA nAma tirumala aura pitAmaha kA nAma veGkaTAdri hai yadi rAma: kRSNa kA pitA yahI tirumala yajvA ho, to isakA kAla saMvat 1700 ke lagabhaga mAnanA hogaa| sumanoramA kA eka hastalekha tajaura ke pustakAlaya meM hai| 25 dekho-sUcIpatra bhAga 10, pRSTha 4211, granthAGka 5646 / 11-toppala dIkSitakRta -prakAza 12-ajJAtakartRka -laghumanoramA 13- " -zabdasAgara 14-" " . -zabdarasArNava 15- " -sudhAJjana

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pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke prakriyA-granthakAra 603 siddhAntakaumudI kI ina TIkAoM ke hastalekha taJjora ke pustakAlaya meM vidyamAna haiN| dekho-sUcIpatra bhAga 10, granthAGka 56605663, 5666 / 16. lakSmI nRsiMha -vilAsa isa TIkA kA eka hastalekha madrAsa rAjakIya pustakAlaya meM hai| 5 dekho-sUcIpatra bhAga 26, pRSTha 10575, granthAGka 16234 / 17. zivarAmacandra sarasvatI -ratnAkara 18. indradattopAdhyAya -phakkikAprakAza 16. sArasvata vyUDhamizra -bAlabodha / 20. vallabha -mAnasaraJjanI 10 ina TIkAoM kA ullekha aAphrakTa ne apane bRhatsUcIpatra meM kiyA hai| saMkhyA 17 kA zivarAmacandra sarasvatI zivarAmendra sarasvatI hI hai / isane mahAbhASya kI bhI siddhAnta ratnAkara nAmnI eka vyAkhyA likhI hai / isakA ullekha hama pUrva pRSTha 444-446 para kara cuke haiN| saMkhyA 18 kI indradattopAdhyAya kI TIkA kA eka hastalekha 15 bhaNDArakara prAcyavidyAzodhapratiSThAna pUnA ke saMgraha meM hai / vahAM TIkA kA nAma gUDhapakkikAprakAza likhA hai / dra0 san 1938 kA vyAkaraNa vibhAgIya sUcIpatra / siddhAntakaumudI ke sampradAya meM prauDhamanoramA, laghuzabdenduzekhara aura bRhacchabdenduzekhara prAdi para aneka TIkA-TippaNiyAM likhI gaI 20 haiN| vistarabhiyA hamane una sabakA nirdeza yahAM nahIM kiyaa| prauDhamanoramA ke khaNDanakartA aneka vaiyAkaraNoM ne bhaTToji dIkSita kRta prauDhamanoramA ke khaNDana meM grantha likhe haiN| unameM se kucha eka mahattvapUrNa granthoM ke racayitAoM kA ullekha hama nIce karate haiM . 25 1-zeSavIrezvara-putra (saM0 1575 vi0 ke lagabhaga) vIrezvara apara nAma rAmezvara ke putra ne 'prauDhamanoramA' ke khaNDana para eka grantha likhA thaa| isakA ullekha paNDitarAja jagannAtha ne 'prauDhamanoramAkhaNDana' meM kiyA hai / vaha likhatA hai

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604 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ___...... zeSavaMzAvataMsAnAM zrIkRSNAkhyapaNDitAnAM cirAyAcitayoH pAdukayoH prasAdAdAsAditazabdAnuzAsanAsteSu ca pAramezvaraM padaM prayAteSu kalikAlavazaMvadI bhavantastatra bhavabhillAsitaM prakriyA prakAzamAzayAnavabodhanibandhanairdUSaNaiH svayaMnimitAyAM manoramAyA5 maakulymkaarssH| sA ca prakriyAprakAzakRtAM pautrairakhilazAstramahA vamanthAcalAyamAnamAnasAnAmasmadguruvIrezvarapaNDitAnAM tanayairdU - SitA api......" zeSa vIrezvara ke putra aura usake grantha kA nAma ajJAta hai| usane prauDhamanoramA ke khaNDana meM jo grantha likhA thA, vaha samprati aprApya 2-cakrapANidatta (saM0 1550-1625 vi0) cakrapANidatta ne bhaTToji dIkSita viracita prauDhamanoramA ke khaNDana meM 'paramatakhaNDanama' nAmaka eka grantha likhA hai| cakrapANidattakRta prauDhamanoramA-khaNDana isa samaya sampUrNa upalabdha nahIM hotaa| isakA 15 kucha aMza lAjarasa kampanI banArasa se prakAzita huA hai / isake do hastalekha bhaNDArakara prAcyavidyA pratiSThAna pUnA ke saMgraha meM haiM / dekho-vyAkaraNaviSayaka sUcIpatra saM0 146, 150 / isake prArambha meM nimna zloka milatA hai 'daritaripuvakSo'ntraM sacakrapANi narahari natvA / vidvanmaNDalahRdayaM tat paramatakhaNDanaM tanute' / cakrapANidatta zeSa vIrezvara kA ziSya hai / isake viSaya meM hama pUrva pRSTha 565 para likha cuke haiM / cakrapANidattakRta prakriyAkaumudI kI TIkA kA varNana pUrva pRSTha 595 para ho cukA hai| ___ cakrapANidatta ke khaNDana kA uddhAra bhaTToji dIkSita ke pautra hari 25 dIkSita ne prauDhamanoramA kI zabdaratnavyAkhyA meM kiyA hai| 3-paNDitarAja jagannAtha (saM0 1617-1733 vi0 ?) paNDitarAja jagannAtha ne bhaTTojidIkSita kRta prauDhamanoramA ke khaNDana 1. caukhambA sIrIja kAzI se saM0 1661 meM prakAzita prauDhamanoramA bhAga 3 ke anta meM mudrita manoramAkhaNDana, pRSTha 1 /

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pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke prakriyA-granthakAra meM 'kucamardana' nAmaka grantha likhA hai / yaha grantha samprati sampUrNa upalabdha nahIM hotaa| isakA kucha aMza caukhambA saMskRta sIrIja kAzI se saM0 1991 meM pustakAkAra (buka sAija) prakAzita prauDhamanoramA bhAga 3 ke anta meM chapA hai| paNDitarAja ne bhaTToji dIkSita kRta 'zabdakaustubha' ke khaNDana meM bhI eka grantha likhA thA, usakA ullekha hama 5 pUrva pRSTha 535 para kara cuke haiN| . __ paNDitarAja jagannAtha ke viSaya meM hama pUrva pRSTha 535, 536 para likha cuke haiN| siddhAnta-kaumudI anusArI pANinIyasUtra vyAkhyA-maNalUravIrarAghavAcArya ne bhaTToji dIkSita viracita siddhAnta kaumudI meM 10 udAhRta udAharaNoM ke prayoga vividha granthoM meM darzAne ke liye pANinIya sUtra vyAkhyA (sodAharaNa zlokA) kA saMkalana kiyA hai| yaha grantha madrAsa gavarnameNTa oriyaNTala sIrija meM do bhAgoM meM prakAzita huA hai| yadyapi yaha siddhAnta-kaumudI kI vyAkhyA nahIM hai, punarapi tadgata udAharaNoM ke prayoga-parijJAna ke liye upayogI hai / isI 15 kAraNa isa kA yahAM nirdeza kiyA hai| 6. nArAyaNa bhaTTa (saM0 1617-1733 vi0) kerala deza nivAsI nArAyaNa bhaTTa ne 'prakriyAsarvasva' nAma kA prakriyAgrantha likhA hai / isa grantha meM 20 prakaraNa haiN|' prakriyAsarvasva 20 ke avalokana se vidita hotA hai ki nArAyaNa bhaTTa ne kisI devanArA yaNa nAma ke bhUpati kI prAjJA se yaha grantha likhA thaa| prakriyAsarbasva ke TIkAkAra kerala varmadeva ne likhA hai ki nArAyaNa bhaTTa ne yaha grantha 60 dinoM meM racA thaa| isa grantha meM aSTAdhyAyI ke samasta sUtra yathA 1. iha saMjJA paribhASA sandhiH kRttaddhitAH samAsAzca / strIpratyayAH subarthAH supAM vidhizcAtmanepadavibhAgaH tiGApi ca lArthavizeSAH sannantayaGyaGlukazca subdhAtuH / nyAyyo dhAturuNAdizchAndasamiti santu viMzatikhaNDAH // 7 // bhAga 1, pRSTha 3 / 2. prArambhika zloka 2, 4, 8 / 3............. prakriyAsarvasvaM sa manISiNAmacaramaH ssssttidinnirmme| bhUmikA, bhAga 2, pRSTha 2 para uddhRta /

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606 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 10 prakaraNa yathAsthAna sanniviSTa haiN| prakaraNoM kA vibhAga aura krama siddhAntakaumudI se bhinna hai / granthakAra ne bhoja ke sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa aura usakI vRtti se mahatI sahAyatA lI hai| granthakAra kA paricaya-nArAyaNa bhaTTa viracita 'apANinIya 5 pramANatA' ke sampAdaka I0 bI0 rAmazarmA ne likhA hai ki nArA yaNa bhaTTa kerala dezAntargata 'nAvA' kSetra ke samIpa 'nilA' nadI tIravartI 'melyuttara' grAma meM utpanna huA thaa| isake pitA kA nAma 'mAtRdatta' thaa| nArAyaNa ne mImAMsaka-mUrdhanya mAdhavAcArya se veda, pitA se pUrvamImAMsA, dAmodara se tarkazAstra, aura acyuta se vyAkaraNazAstra kA adhyayana kiyA thaa| nArAyaNa bhaTTa kA kAla-paNDita I0 bI0 rAmazarmA ne 'apANinIyapramANatA' kA racanAkAla san 1618-61 I0 mAnA hai| prakriyAsarvasva ke sampAdaka sAmbazAstrI ne nArAyaNa kA kAla san 1560 1676 arthAt vi0 saM0 1657-1733 taka mAnA hai / ' prakriyA15 sarvasva ke TIkAkAra kerala varmadeva ne likhA hai-'bhaTroji dIkSita ne nArAyaNa se milane ke liye kerala kI aura prasthAna kiyA, parantu mArga meM nArAyaNa kI mRtyu kA samAcAra sunakara vApasa lauTa gyaa|' yadi yaha lekha prAmANika mAnA jAya, to nArAyaNa bhaTTa kA kAla vikrama kI 16 vIM zatAbdI mAnanA hogA / isakI puSTi isa bAta se bhI hotI hai ki nArAyaNa ne apane grantha meM bhaTToji ke grantha se kahIM sahAyatA nahIM lii| prakriyAsarvasva ke sampAdaka ne likhA hai ki kaI loga pUrvokta ghaTanA kA viparIta varNana karate haiM / arthAt nArAyaNa bhaTa bhaTroji se milane ke liye kerala se calA, parantu mArga meM bhaTroji kI mRtyu sunakara vApasa lauTa gyaa| nArAyaNa kA guru momAMsaka25 mUrdhanya mAdhavAcArya yadi sAyaNa kA jyeSTha bhrAtA ho, to nArAyaNa bhaTTa kA kAla vikrama kI pandrahavIM zatAbdI mAnanA hogaa| ataH nArAyaNa bhaTTa kA kAla abhI vimarzAha hai| anya grantha nArAyaNa bhaTTa ne 'kriyAkrama, camatkAracintAmaNi, dhAtukAvya, 1. aMgrejI bhUmikA bhAga 1, pRSTha 3 / 2. dekho-bhUmikA bhAga 2, pRSTha 2 meM uddhRta zloka /

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pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke prakriyA - granthakAra 607 'aura 'pANinIyapramANatA' prAdi 38 grantha saMskRta meM likhe haiM / dhAtukAvya kA varNana 'kAvyazAstrakAra vaiyAkaraNa kavi' ke prakaraNa meM kiyA jAyagA / pANinIya pramANatA - isa kA varNana pUrva pRSTha 46 tathA 171 para ho cukA hai / isa laghu grantha ke parama upayogI hone se ise hamane 5 tRtIya bhAga meM prathama pariziSTa meM chApA hai / prakriyA sarvasva ke TIkAkAra 'prakriyA sarvasva' ke sampAdaka sAmba zAstrI ne tIna TIkAkAroM kA ullekha kiyA / eka TIkA verala - kAlidAsa kerala varmadeva ne likhI hai / kerala varmadeva kA kAla saM0 1901 - 1971 taka mAnA jAtA hai / 10 1 do TIkAkAroM kA nAma ajJAta hai / TriveNDrama se prakAzita prakriyA - sarvasva ke prathama bhAga meM 'prakAzikA' vyAkhyA chapI hai / " anya prakriyA - grantha isake atirikta laghukaumudI, madhyakaumudI Adi aneka choTe-moTe prakriyAgrantha pANinIya vyAkaraNa para likhe gaye / ye saba atyanta 15 sAdhAraNa ra arvAcIna haiM / ataH inakA ullekha isa grantha meM nahIM kiyA gayA / isa adhyAya meM 6 prasiddha prakriyAgranthoM ke racayitA aura unake TIkAkAroM kA varNana kiyA hai / isa prakAra pradhyAya 5-16 taka 12 adhyAyoM meM pANini aura usakI aSTAdhyAyI ke lagabhaga 175 20 vyAkhyAkAra vaiyAkaraNoM kA saMkSepa se varNana kiyA hai / aba agale adhyAya meM pANini se arvAcIna pradhAna vaiyAkaraNoM kA varNana kiyA jAyagA / xxx 1. dvitIyabhAga kI bhUmikA, pRSTha 1 / 2. bhUmikA, bhAga 1, pRSTha 4 / 25

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satrahavAM adhyAya - AcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa prAcArya pANini ke anantara aneka vaiyAkaraNoM ne vyAkaraNazAstroM kI racanAeM kIM / ina saba vyAkaraNoM kA upajIvya pANinIya vyA5 karaNa hai / kevala kAtantra eka aisA vyAkaraNa hai, jisakA AdhAra koI anya prAcIna vyAkaraNa hai|' pANini se arvAcIna samasta upalabdha vyAkaraNa-granthoM meM kevala laukika saMskRta ke zabdoM kA anvAkhyAna hai / arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNoM meM adholikhita granthakAra mukhya haiM 1-kAtantrakAra 11-vardhamAna 2-candragomI 12-hemacandra 3-kSapaNaka 13-malayagiri 4-devanandI 14-kramadIzvara 5-vAmana 15-sArasvata-vyAkaraNakAra 6-pAlyakoti 16-rAmAzrama siddhAntacandrikAkAra 7-zivasvAmI 17-vopadeva 8-bhojadeva 18-padmanAbha 6-buddhisAgara 16-vinayasAgara 10-bhadrezvara sUri inake atirikta drutabodha, zIghrabodha, zabdabodha, harinAmAmRta 1. prAdi vyAkaraNoM ke racayitA aneka vaiyAkaraNa hae haiM, paranta ye saba atyanta arjAcIna haiM / inake grantha bhI vizeSa mahattvaparNa nahIM haiM, aura ina granthoM kA pracAra bhI kevala baMgAla prAnta taka hI sImita hai / isaliye ina baiyAkaraNoM kA varNana isa grantha meM nahIM kiyA jAyagA / paM0 gurupada hAladAra ne apane 'vyAkaraNa darzanera itihAsa' nAmaka 25 grandha ke pRSTha 448 para pANini-paravartI nimna vaiyAkaraNoM aura unakI kRtiyoM kA ullekha kiyA haiM 1. hamAre mata meM kAtantra kA upajIvya kAzakRtsna tantra hai|

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77 zrAcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa vyAghrapAda dvitIya kRta yazobhadra zrAryavajrasvAmI bhUtabali indragomI (bauddha) kRta 17 vAgbhaTTa zrIdatta candrakIrti prabhAcandra dhamasiMha ? siddhanandi bhadrezvarasUri zrutapAla zivasvAmI vA zivayogI buddhisAgara kezava "1 19 19 19 19 99 11 91 ., "1 " " 19 vAgbhaTTa (dvitIya),, vinItakIti vidyAnanda 31 11 dazapAdI vaiyAghrapadya vyAkaraNa jaina vyAkaraNa 11 " 31 aindra vyAkaraNa jaina samantabhadra jaina " bauddha vyAkaraNa buddhisAgara kezavI vidyAnanda yama varuNa saumya aSTadhAtu " jaina dIpaka " " 11 11 11 ,, 11 19 11 " 11 19 " 11 " 606 ' 15 20 ina granthakAroM kA ullekha karake paM0 gurupada hAladAra ne apane 25 itihAsa ke pRSTha 449 para likhA hai ki DA0 kIlahAnaM aura paM0 sUryakAnta ke mata meM jaina nAma kalpita hai / hAladAra mahodaya inheM kalpita nahIM mAnate / prAgdevanandI - jaina vyAkaraNakAra jainendra vyAkaraNa ke pravaktA devanandI praparanAma pUjyapAda ne apane 30 vyAkaraNa meM bhUtabali, zrIdatta, yazobhadra, prabhAcandra, siddhasena zraura

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610 saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa samantabhadra ke mata uddhRta kiye haiM / ' pAlyakIrti ne indra, siddhanandI zrIra zrAryavajra ke matoM kA ullekha kiyA hai / " zrI nAthUrAma premI aura prAgdevanandI - vyAkaraNakAra paM0 nAthUrAma premI ne apane 'jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa' nAmaka grantha meM likhA hai- 'jahAM taka hama jAnate haiM, ina chaH (bhUtabali, zrIdatta, yazobhadra, prabhAcandra, siddhasena, samantabhadra ) zrAcAryoM meM se kisI kA bhI koI vyAkaraNa grantha nahIM hai / parantu jAna par3atA hai inake granthoM meM kucha bhinna taraha ke zabda prayoga kiye gaye hoMge, aura unhIM ko vyAkaraNa- siddha karane ke liye ye saba sUtra rakhe gaye haiM / zAkaTAyana ne bhI 10 isI kA anukaraNa karake tIna prAcAryoM ke mata diye haiM / " hamArA mata prAcIna aura arvAcIna samasta vaiyAkaraNa- paramparA ke anuzIlana se hama isa nirNaya para pahuMce haiM ki prAcArya pUjyapAda aura pAtyakIrti ne jina-jina AcAryoM ke mata svIya vyAkaraNoM meM uddhRta kiye haiM, 15 unhoMne sva-sva vyAkaraNazAstroM kA pravacana avazya kiyA thA / zrI premIjI ne inake viSaya meM jina prakAra ke zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA hai, ThIka usI prakAra pAzcAttya aura tadanuyAyI katipaya bhAratIya vyakti pANini dvArA smRta zAkalya prAdi vaiyAkaraNoM ke liye bhI vyavahAra karate haiM / arthAt pANini dvArA smRta zAkalya 20 Adi AcAryoM ne bhI koI svIya vyAkaraNa-grantha nahIM likhe the, aisA kahate haiM / kintu pANini dvArA smRta kaI prAcAryoM ke prAcIna vyAkaraNasUtroM ke upalabdha ho jAne se jaise pAzcAttya mata nirmUla ho gayA, aura una AcAryoM kA vyAkaraNapravaktRtva siddha ho gayA, usI prakAra kAlAntara meM prAgdevanandI jaina vaiyAkaraNoM kA vyAkaraNapravaktRtva bhI 25 zravazya siddha hogA / devanandI aura pAlyakIrti jaise prAmANika 1. yathAkrama - rAd bhUtabaleH / 3 / 4 / 83 // guNe zrIdattasyAstriyAm / 1 / 4 / 34 / / kRvRSimRjAM yazobhadrasya / 2 / 1 / 66 rAtreH kRti prabhAcandrasya / 4 | 3 | 180 // vetteH siddhasenasya / 5 / 1 / 7 // catuSTayaM samantabhadrasya / 5 / 4 / 140 / / 30 2. yathAkrama -- jarAyA Gas indrasyAci / 1 / 2 / 37 // zeSAt siddhanandinaH / 2 / 1 / 226 // tataH prAgu Aryavajrasya / 1 / 2 / 13 // 3. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, pra0 saM0 pRSTha 120 ; dvi0 saM0 pRSTha 47 /

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AcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 611 zrAcArya mithyA likheMge, yaha kalpanA karanA bhI pApa hai / ataH inakA anveSaNa Avazyaka hai / vikrama kI 17 vIM zatAbdI meM vidyamAna kavIndrAcArya ke pusta - kAlaya kA sUcIpatra gAyakavAr3a saMskRta sIrIja bar3audA se prakAzita huA hai / usameM nimnalikhita vyAkaraNoM kA ullekha milatA hai - hemacandra vyAkaraNa vyAkaraNa sArasvata kAlApa zAkaTAyana zAkalya aindra cAndra daurga brahma 11 19 11 17 11 19 33 99 yama vAyu varuNa saumya vaiSNava rudra kaumAra bAlabhASA zabda tarka 11 19 $1 11 11 6 11 39 inameM zAkalya aura aindra ye do nAma prAcIna haiM / parantu sUcIpatra 15 nirdiSTa grantha prAcIna haiM vA arvAcIna, yaha prajJAta hai / aba hama pUrvanirdiSTa 16 solaha mukhya vaiyAkaraNoM kA kramazaH varNana karate haiM 10 kAtantrakAra ( 2000 vi0 pU0 ) vyAkaraNa ke vAGamaya meM 'kAtantra vyAkaraNa' kA sthAna atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai / isake 'kalApaka' aura 'kaumAra' nAmAntara haiM / sAghu caritrasiha ne 'kAtantra vibhrabhAvacUrNi' ke prArambha meM sArasvatasUtrayuktyA' zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai| isa se isa kA eka nAma 'sArasvata' bhI jJAta hotA hai / ' arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa kalApa zabda se bhI isakA vyavahAra karate haiM / ' isa vyAkaraNa meM do bhAga haiN| eka- zrAkhyAtAnta, dUsarA- kRdanta / donoM bhAga bhinna-bhinna vyaktiyoM kI racanAeM haiM / : 5 1. paM0 jAnakIprasAda dviveda ne 'saM0 prA0 jaina vyAkaraNa aura koza kI paramparA' grantha meM chape apane lekha meM likhA hai - ' isa meM sArasvata vyAkaraNa ke sUtroM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai ' ( pRSTha 110 ) / yaha cintya hai / vaha grantha sArasvata vyAkaraNa nAma se prasiddha vyAkaraNa para nahIM haiM / 2. kAlApikAstato'nyatrApi paThanti / bhaTTi jayamaGgalA TIkA 3 / 6 /

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612 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kAtantra kalApaka aura kaumAra zabdoM kA artha kAtantra-kAtantravRtti-TIkAkAra durgasiMha Adi vaiyAkaraNa kAtantra zabda kA artha 'laghutantra' karate haiN| unake matAnusAra ISat =laghu arthavAcI 'ku' zabda ko 'kA' Adeza hotA hai| vRddha-kAtantra-kAtantra 3 / 3 / 22 kI paJjITIkA meM vRddhakAtantrAH' prayoga milatA hai| ___ kalApaka-'kalApa' zabda se hrasvArtha meM 'ka' pratyaya hokara 'kalApaka' zabda banatA hai / kAtantra vyAkaraNa kAzakRtsna tantra kA saMkSepa hai, yaha hama Age pramANita kreNge| kAzakRtna tantra kA nAma 10 'zabda-kalApa' hai, yaha pUrva likhA jA cukA hai / ' arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa kalApa zabda se svArtha meM 'ka' pratyaya mAnate haiM / ve isakA vAstavika nAma 'kalApa' samajhate haiN| kAtantrIya vaiyAkaraNoM meM kiMvadantI hai ki mahAdeva ke putra kumAra kArtikeya ne sarva prathama ise mayUra kI pUcha para likhA thA, ata eva isakA nAma kalApa 15 huaa| kaI vaiyAkaraNa 'kalApaka' zabda ko svatantra mAnate hai / ve isakI vyutpatti nimna prakAra darzAte haiN| ___ AcArya hemacandra apane 'dhAtupArAyaNa meM likhatA hai- bRhattantrAt kalAH [prA] pibatIti' / ' punaH uNAdivRtti meM likhatA hai-'prAdigrahaNAt bRhattantrAt kalA 20 prApibantIti kalApakAH shaastraanni'| hemacandra se prAcIna mANikya deva dazapAdI uNAdi-vRtti meM likhatA hai--'sapUrvasyApi pA pAne bhau0, prAGpUrvaH kalAzabdapUrvaH / bahattantrAt, kalAH [pA] pibatIti kalApakaH shaastrm'| hemacandra aura dazapAdI uNAdivRttikAra kI vyutpattiyoM se itanA spaSTa hai ki kisI bar3e grantha se saMkSepa hone ke kAraNa kAtantra kA nAma 'kalApaka' huA hai| vaha mahAtantra kAzakRtsna tantra thaa| kaumAra- vaiyAkaraNoM meM kiMvadantI hai ki kumAra kArtikeya kI AjJA se zarvavarmA ne isa zAstra kI racanA kI hai| hamArA vicAra 1. dekho - pUrva pRSTha 125 / 2. pRSTha 6 / 3. pRSTha 10 / 4. 3 / 5, pRSTha 130 / 5. tatra bhagavatkumAra-praNIta-sUtrAnantaraM tadAjJayaiva zrIzarvavarmaNA praNItaM sUtraM kathamanarthakaM bhavati / vRttiTIkA, pariziSTa pRSTha 466 /

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AcArya pANini se arvAcIna vyAkaraNa hai ki kumAroM = bAlakoM ko vyAkaraNa kA sAdhAraNa jJAna karAne ke liye prArambha meM yaha grantha par3hAyA jAtA thA / ata eva isakA nAma 'kumArANAmidaM kaumAram' huA / sArasvata - kvacit sarasvatI ke prasAda se zarvavarmA ko isa vyAkaraNa kI prApti kA ullekha hone se ise 'sArasvata' bhI kahate haiM / 5 isI kAraNa kAtantra vibhrabhAvacUrNi' ke lekhaka sAdhu caritrasiMha ne Arambha meM sArasvatasUtrayuktyA pada kA prayoga kiyA hai / ' 613 mAravAr3a deza meM abhI taka dezI pAThazAlAoM meM bAlakoM ko 5 pAca sidhI pATiyAM par3hAyI jAtI haiM / ye pAMca pATiyAM kAtantra vyAkaraNa ke prArambhika pAMca pAdoM kA hI vikRta rUpa hai / hama donoM 10 kI tulanA ke liye prathama pATI aura kAtantra ke prathama pAda ke sUtroM kA ullekha karate haiM-- prathama sidhI pATI sidho varaNA samAmunAyAH catrucatrudAsAH daUsavArA: dase samAnAH teSu dudhyA varaNAH nasIsavaraNAH puravo haMsavA: pAro dIraghAH sarovaraNA biNajyA nAmIH ikAra deNI soMdhakarANI: kAdI: nIbU biNajyonAmI: te viraghA: paMcA paMcA viraghAnAU prathamadutIyAH saMSo kAtantra kA prathama pAda siddho varNasamAmnAyaH / tatra caturdazAdau svarAH / daza samAnAH / teSAM dvau dvAvanyo'nyasya savaNauM / pUrvo hrasvaH / paro dIrghaH / svaro'varNavarjI nAmI / ekArAdIni sandhyakSarANi / kAdIni vyaJjanAni / te vargAH paJca paJca / vargANAM prathamadvitIyAH zaSasA 15 20 1. dra0 pUrva pRSTha 611 kI Ti0 1 / 2. san 1944 taka / 3. DA0 kanhaiyAlAla zarmA ne 'hAr3otI bolI aura sAhitya' nAmaka grantha meM pAThAntara nirdeza pUrvaka ina pAMca pATiyoM kA pATha mudrita kiyA hai| vikrama vizvavidyAlaya ujjaina ke 'sindhiyA prAcyazodha pratiSThAna meM ina pAMca pATiyoM kA eka hastalekha hai / usa kA pATha paM0 jAnakIprasAda dviveda ne apane 'kAtantra - vimarza' nAmaka zodha grantha meM pRSTha 53 - 54 para chApA hai / 30 4. nIce likhA 'sIdhIpATI' kA pATha hamane san 1942 meM eka vyakti se suna kara saMgrahIta kiyA thA / 25

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa 614 sAIcA ghoSA ghoSapitaro ratI: anure zrAsakAH ninANe nAmA: saMtA jerellavAH 5 rukamaNa saMghosAhAH zrAyatI visurajunIyAH kAyatI jihvAmU liyA: pAyatI padamAnIyA zrAyo prAyo ratamasavAroH 10 pUrabo phalyorayA rathopAlareU 30 padupaduH viNajyo naamii| sabvarUvaraNAnetU netakarameyAH rAsasa lAkojetuH leSoH pavAIDA: durgaNasIMdhIH etI: soMdhIsUtratA: prathamApATI zubhakaratA zcAghoSA ghoSavanto'nye zranunAsikA GajaNanamAH antasthAH yaralavAH / USmANaH zaSasahAH / praH iti visarjanIyaH / eka iti jihvAmUlIyaH ityupadhmAnIyaH / zraM ityanusvAraH / pUrvaparayorarthopalabdha padam / vyaJjanamasvaraM paraM varNaM nayet / anatikrAmayan vizleSayet / lokopacArAd grahaNasiddhiH / iti sandhisUtrANi prathamaH pAdaH zubhaM bhUyAt / mAravAr3a meM sIdhI pATI ke nyUnAdhika antara se kaI pATha praca lita haiM / hamane eka kA nirdeza kiyA / 20 uparyukta tulanA se spaSTa hai ki mAravAr3a kI dezI pAThazAlAoMoM meM par3hAI jAnevAlI pAMca sodhI pArTiyAM kAtantravyAkaraNa ke pAMca sandhipAda haiN| isase yaha bhI vispaSTa hai ki kAtantra kA kaumAra nAma par3hane kA kAraNa 'kumArANAmidam ' ( bAlakoM kA vyAkaraNa ) hI hai / agnipurANa aura garur3apurANa meM kisI vyAkaraNa kA saMkSapa upalabca hotA hai / ' vaha saMkSepa inameM kumAra aura skanda ke nAma se diyA 25 hai / kaI vidvAn inakA AdhAra kAtantra vyAkaraNa mAnate haiM, parantu yaha ThIka nahIM hai / usameM pANinIya pratyAhAroM aura saMjJAtroM kA ullekha milatA hai | ataH hamArA vicAra hai ki vaha saMkSepa pANinIya vyAkaraNAnusAra hai / kalApa ke sambandha meM viziSTa ullekha matsyapurANa kI eka dAkSiNAtya prati hai / usa meM pUrva prora uttara 1. agnipurANa, adhyAya 349 - 356; garur3apurANa zrAcArakANDa adhyAya 205, 206 /

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prAcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa do khaNDa haiM (yaha khaNDavibhAga anyatra nahIM miltaa)| usa meM ziva ke kalApitva kA varNana karate hue kalApa kA artha zabda dhvani sambandhizAstra, aura kalApi kA artha ziva diyA hai|' kAzakRtsnatantra kA saMkSapa kAtantra isa grantha ke prathama saMskaraNa ke prakAzita hone ke anantara kAza- 5 kRtsna dhAtupATha kannaDa TIkA sahita prakAza meM aayaa| kannaDa TIkA meM kAzakRtsna ke lagabhaga 135 sUtra bhI upalabdha ho gaye haiN| kAzakRtsna ghAtupATha aura kAtantra dhAtupATha kI pArasparika tulanA karane se spaSTa vidita hotA hai ki kAtantra dhAtUpATha kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha kA saMkSepa hai| isI prakAra kAzakRtsna ke upalabdha sUtroM kI kAtantrasUtroM se 10 tulanA karane para bhI yahI pariNAma nikalatA hai ki kAtantra kAzakRtsnatantra kA hI saMkSepa hai| donoM tantroM meM dhAtupATha kI samAnAnupUrvitA (kAtantra kI saMkSiptatA ke kAraNa chor3I gaI dhAtuoM ke atirikta), tathA donoM tantroM ke sUtroM kI samAnatA, anubandha, aura saMjJAoM kI samAnatA tathA vizeSakara donoM dhAtupAThoM meM samAnarUpa se par3hI gaI chAndasa ghAtueM (pANinIya mata meM), aura svarAnurodha se saMyojita 'n' Adi anubandha isa mata ke sudRr3ha pramANa haiM ki kAtantra kAzakRtsnatantra kA saMkSepa hai| . kAla kAtantra vyAkaraNa kA racanAkAla atyanta vivAdAspada hai| ataH 20 hama usake kAlanirNaya meM jo pramANa upalabdha hue haiM, una saba kA kramazaH nirdeza karate haiM 25 3. Kalapa is Sastia Made of Sounds and Siva is called kalApina / dra0-vI0 rAghavana kA An puipue two kanda version of the matsya puran. lekha, purANa patrikA 1 / 1 // 2. inake liye dekhie- hamArI 'kAzakRtsna vyAkaraNa aura usake upalabdha sUtra' pustikaa| 3. dra0-hamArI 'kAzakRtsna vyAkaraNa aura usake upalabdha sUtra' pustikA pR017|| 4. bahI, kAzakRtsna sUtroM kI vyAkhyA ke sAtha nirdiSTa kAtantra ke tulanAtmaka saMketa, tathA pRSTha 16 / 5. yathA man yan vikaraNoM meN|

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 1-kathAsaritsAra meM likhA hai-zarvavarmA ne sAtavAhana nRpati ko vyAkaraNa kA bodha karAne ke liye kAtantra vyAkaraNa par3hAyA thaa|' sAtavAhana nRpatti Andhrakula kA vyakti hai / kaI aitihAsika AndhrakAla ko vikrama ke pazcAt jor3ate haiM, parantu yaha bhUla hai / AndhrakAla vastutaH vikrama se pUrvavartI hai|' 2-zUdrakaviracita padmaprAbhRtaka bhANa meM kAtantra kA ullekha milatA hai| yaha bhANa usI zUdraka kavi kI racanA hai, jisane mRcchakaTika nATaka likhA hai| donoM granthoM ke prArambha meM ziva kI stuti hai, aura varNanazailI samAna hai / 'mRcchakaTika' kI prastAvanA se 10 jAnA jAtA hai ki zUdraka nAmA kavi Rgveda sAmaveda aura aneka vidyAoM meM niSNAta, azvamedhayAjI, zivabhakta mahIpAla thaa| aneka vidvAn zUdraka kA kAla vikrama kI pAMcavIM zatAbdI mAnate haiM, maha mahatI bhUla hai| mahArAja zUdraka hAlanAmA sAtavAhana nRpati kA samakAlika thA, aura vaha vikrama se lagabhaga 400-500 varSa pUrvavartI 15 thaa| 3-candrAcArya ne apane vyAkaraNa kI stropajJavRtti ke prArambha meM likhA hai 'siddhaM praNamya sarvajJaM savIyaM jagato gurum / / laghuvispaSTasampUrNam ucyate zabdalakSaNam' / 20 isa zloka meM candrAcArya ne apane vyAkaraNa ke liye tIna vizeSaNa likhe haiM -laghu vispaSTa aura sampUrNa / kAtantravyAkaraNa laghu aura 1. lambaka 1, taraGga 6, 7 / 2. dra0-50 bhagavaddatta kRta bhAratavarSa kA itihAsa dvi0 saMskaraNa / 3. eSo'smi balibhugbhiriva saMghAtavalibhiH kAtantrikaravaskandita iti / 25 hanta pravRttaM kAkolUkam / sakhe diSTyA tvAmalUnapakSaM pazyAmi / kiM bravISi ? kA cedAnIM mama vaiyAkaraNapArazaveSu kAtantrikeSvAsthA / pRSTha 18 / 4. RgvedaM sAmavedaM gaNitamatha kalAM vaizikI hastizikSA, jJAtvA zarvaprasAdAt vyapagatatimire cakSuSo copalabhya / rAjAnaM vIkSya putraM paramasamudayenA zvamedhena ceSTvA, labdhvA cAyuH zatAbdaM dazadinasahitaM zUdrako'gni prvissttH|| 30 5. saMskRtakavicarcA, pRSTha 158-161 / 6. dra0-60 bhagavadatta kRta bhAratavarSa kA itihAsa, dvi0 saMskaraNa, pRSTha 261-306 /

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78 AcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 617 vispaSTa hai, parantu sampUrNa nahIM hai / isake mUla grantha meM kRtprakaraNa kA samAveza nahIM hai,anyatra bhI kaI Avazyaka bAteM chor3a dI haiN| pANinIya vyAkaraNa sampUrNa to hai, parantu mahAn hai, laghu nhiiN| hamArA vicAra hai ki candrAcArya ne 'sampUrNa' vizeSaNa kAtantra kI vyAvatti ke liye rakhA hai / candrAcArya kA kAla bhAratIya gaNanAnusAra 5 nyUnAtinyUna vikrama se 1000 varSa pUrva hai, yaha hama pUrva (pRSTha 368371) likha cuke haiN| 4-mahAbhASya 4 / 2 / 65 meM likhA hai'saMkhyAprakRteriti vaktavyam / iha mA bhUt-mAhAvAtikaH, kaalaapkH| arthAt-sUtra (grantha) vAcI kakAropadha prAtipadika se 'tadadhIte' tadveda' artha meM utpanna pratyaya kA jo luk vidhAna kiyA hai, vaha saMkhyAprakRtivAle (=saMkhyAvAcI zabda se bane hue) prAtipadika se kahanA cAhiye / yathA aSTakamadhIte aSTakAH pANinIyAH, dazakA vaiyAghrapadyAH / yahAM aSTaka aura dazaka zabda saMkhyAprakRtivAle haiN| inameM 15 aSTa aura daza zabda se parimANa artha meM sUtra artha gamyamAna hone para kan pratyaya hotA hai / ' vArtika meM saMkhyAprakRti grahaNa karane se 'mAhAvArtikaH, kAlApakaH' meM vun kA luk nahIM hotaa| kyoMki ye zabda saMkhyAprakRtivAle nahIM haiN| __ ye donoM pratyudAharaNa 'saMkhyAprakRtiH' aMza ke haiM / inameM sUtra vAca- 20 katva aura kopadhatva aMza kA rahanA Avazyaka hai / ataH 'kAlApakAH' pratyudAharaNa meM nirdiSTa 'kalApaka' nizcaya hI kisI sUtragrantha kA vAcaka hai, aura pUrvoddhRta vyutpatti ke anusAra vaha kAtantra vyAkaraNa kA vAcaka hai| haradatta aura nAgeza kI bhUla-haradatta aura nAgeza ne mahAbhASya 25 ke 'kAlApakAH' pratyudAharaNa kI vyAkhyA karate hue likhA hai-kalApI dvArA prokta chanda kA adhyayana karanevAle 'kAlApa' kahAte haiM / una kAlApoM kA prAmnAya 'kAlApaka' hogA / saMkhyAprakRti grahaNa karane se 1. tadasya parimANam, saMkhyAyA: saMjJAsaMghasUtrAdhyayaneSu / 5 / 1 // 57, 58 //

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618 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 'kAlApaka AmnAya kA adhyayana karane vAle' isa artha meM utpanna pratyaya kA luk nahIM hotA / ' yaha vyAkhyA azuddha hai / kyoMki 'caraNAddharmAmnAyayoH2 kI vyAkhyA meM samasta TIkAkAra 'aAmnAya' kA artha 'veda' karate haiN| ataH kAlApaka AmnAya sUtragrantha nahIM ho sktaa| sUtratva aMza ke na hone para vaha vArtika kA pratyudAharaNa nahIM bana sktaa| 'kAlApakAH' ke sAtha par3he hue 'mAhAvAtikaH' pratyudAharaNa kI prakRti 'mahAvAtika' zabda spaSTa sUtragrantha kA vAcaka hai| isa vivecanA se spaSTa hai ki mahAbhASya meM nirdiSTa 'kalApaka' 10 zabda kisI sUtragrantha kA vAcaka hai, aura vaha kAtantra vyAkaraNa hI hai| bhAratIya gaNanA ke anusAra mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali kA kAla vikrama se lagabhaga 2000 varSa pUrva hai, hama pUrva likha cuke haiN| 5-mahAbhASya aura vArtikapATha meM prAcIna prAcAryoM kI aneka saMjJAeM upalabdha hotI haiM, jinameM se kucha isa prakAra haiM 1. kalApinA proktamadhIyate kAlApAH kalApino'N / nAntasya Tilope sabrahmacArItyaupasaMkhyA nikaSTilopa: / tatastadadhIte ityaNa, proktAlluka / kAlApakAnAmAmnAya iti gotracaraNAd vuJ kAlApakam / tatastadadhIte ityaNa tasya luG na bhavati / padamaJjarI 4 / 2 / 6 / / kalApinA proktamadhIyate kAlApAsteSAmAmnAyaH kAlApakam / bhASyapradIpodyota 4 / 2 / 65 // haradatta aura nAgeza kI bhUla 'kAtantravyAkaraNa-vimarza' ke 'prAstAvikama' (pRSTha 'I') meM vArANaseya saM0 vi0 vi0 ke anusandhAna vibhAga ke adhyakSa bhagIrathapralAda tripAThI ne doharAI hai| 2. mahAbhASya 4 / 3 120 // 3. 'kAtantravyAkaraNa-vimarza' ke lekhaka jAnakIprasAda dviveda ne apane 25 grantha kI bhUmikA (pRSTha 7) meM hamAre lekha ko nAma nirdeza purassara AdaraNIya mAnA hai| isI pRSTha kI Ti0 1 ke anta 'kAtantravyAkaraNa-vimarza' ke prAstAvikama' (pRSTha 'i) meM paM0 bhagIrathaprasAda tripAThI kI jisa bhUla kA saMketa kiyA hai, usa se vidita hotA hai ki unhoMne jisa grantha para 'prAstAvikam' likhA, use bhI bhale prakAra nahIM dekhA / vinA dekhe hI 30 'prAstAvikam' likha diyaa| ThIka hI kahA hai-gatAnugatiko loko na lokaH pAramArthikaH / 4. dekho-pUrva pRSTha 365-368 /

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AcArya pAniNi se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa pradyatanI - 2 / 4 / 3; 3 / 2 / 10 ; 6 / 4 / 113 // zvastanI - 3 / 3 / 15 / / bhaviSyantI - 3 / 2 / 123 ; 3 | 3 | 15 / / parokSa - 1 / 2 / 2, 8 ; 3 / 2 / 15 / / samAnAkSara - 1 / 1 / 1 : 2 / 2 / 34; 1 / 3 / 8 / vikaraNa - aneka sthAnoM meM / kArita - niru0 1 / 13 // kAtantravyAkaraNa meM bhI inhIM saMjJAoM kA vyavahAra upalabdha hotA parokSA 3|1|13 hai / yathA 61e zradyatanI - 3 / 1 / 22 // zvastanI - 3 / 1 / 15 / / bhaviSyantI - 3 / 1 / 15 / / vikaraNa -- 3 | 4 | 32 // samAnAkSara - 1 / 1 / 3 // kArita - 3 / 2 / 6 // isa prakAra hyastanI, vartamAnA, cekrIyita Adi aneka prAcIna saMjJAoM kA nirdeza kAtantravyAkaraNa meM upalabdha hotA hai / isase pratIta hotA hai ki kAtantravyAkaraNa paryApta prAcIna hai / 6 - mahAbhASya meM aneka sthAnoM para pUrvasUtroM kA ullekha hai / ' 15 6 / 1 / 163 ke mahAbhASya meM likhA hai (ka) athavAskAro matvarthIyaH / tadyathA - tundaH, ghATa iti / pUrvasUtranirdezazca cittvAt cita iti / isa para kaiyaTa likhatA hai - yaha 'citaH' nirdeza pUrvasUtroM ke anusAra hai / pUrvasUtroM meM jisako kisI kArya kA vidhAna kiyA jAtA hai, 20 usakA prathamA se nirdeza karate haiM / " (kha) punaH 8 / 4 / 7 para kaiyaTa likhatA hai - pUrvAcArya jisako kArya karanA hotA hai, usakA SaSThI se nirdeza nahIM karate / pUrvasUtrAnusArI nirdeza pANinIya vyAkaraNa meM anyatra bhI bahuta upalabdha hotA hai / yathA-- nallopo'naH / 6 / 4 / 134 meM prat kA nirdeza / tivizati / 6 / 4 / 142 meM ti kA nirdeza 10 1. dekho - pUrva pRSTha 260 - 61 / 2. pUrvavyAkaraNe prathamayA kAryo nirdezyate / 3. pUrvAcAryAH kAryabhAjaH SaSThyA na niradikSannityarthaH / 25

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620 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa pANinIya vyAkhyAkAra inheM avibhaktika nirdeza mAnate haiM / parantu ye pUrvasUtrAnusAra prathamAnta haiN| 'ti' nirdeza sAmAnye napuMsakam nyAyAnusAra napuMsaka kA prathamaikavacana hai / isI prakAra uryaH pANinIya sUtra meM GaH rUpa bhI Ga kA prathamaikavacana kA hai / tulanA karo Age 5 udhriyamANa DeyaH ( 2 / 1 / 24) kAtantrasUtra ke sAtha / pataJjali aura kaiyaTa ne jisa prAcIna zailI kI ora saMketa kiyA hai, vaha zailI kAtantravyAkaraNa meM pUrNatayA upalabdha hotI hai| usameM sarvatra kArthI (jisake sthAna meM kArya karanA ho usa) kA prathamA vibhakti se hI nirdeza kiyA hai / yathA bhis ais vA / 2 / 1 / 18 // ' GasirAt / 2 / 1 / 21 // Gas sya / 2 / 1 / 22 // ina ttaa|2|1 / 23 // uryH| 2 / 1 / 24 // (yahAM 'Ga' ekArAnta pratyaya hai) GasiH smAt / 2 / 1 / 26 // Dismin / 2 / 1 / 27 / / isase itanA spaSTa hai ki kAtantra kI racanAzailI atyanta prAcIna 15 hai / pANini Adi ne kAryoM kA nirdeza SaSThI vibhakti se kiyA hai / . 7-hama isa grantha ke prathamAdhyAya meM likha cuke haiM ki kAtantra vyAkaraNa meM 'devebhiH pitarastarpayAmaH, arvantau antiH, maghavantau maghavantaH, tathA doghIG vevIG aura indhI dhAtu se niSpanna prayogoM kI siddhi darzAI hai| kAtantra byAkaraNa vizuddha laukika bhASA kA vyAkaraNa hai aura vaha bhI atyanta saMkSipta / ataH isa meM ina prayogoM kA vidhAna karanA bahuta mahattva rakhatA hai| mahAbhASya ke anusAra 'prarvan' 'maghavan' prAtipadika tathA dIghoGa bevIGa aura indhI dhAtu chAndasa haiN| pANini inheM chAndasa nahIM maantaa| isase spaSTa hai ki kAtantra vyAkaraNa kI racanA usa samaya huI hai jaba uparyukta zabda laukikabhASA meM prayukta hote the| vaha kAla mahAbhASya se paryApta prAcIna rahA hogaa| yadi kAtantra kI racanA mahAbhASya ke anantara hotI, to mahAbhASya meM jina prAtipadikoM aura dhAtuoM ko chAndasa mAnA hai, 25 1. isa sUtra para vizeSa vicAra pUrva pRSTha 37, 38 para dekho| 2. dekho-pUrva pRSTha 38.41 / 3. mahAbhASya 6 / 41127, 128; 111 / 6; 112 // 6 // 30

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AcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 621 unakA ullekha kabhI na hotaa| isase spaSTa hai ki kAtantra mahAbhASya se prAcIna hai| ___ yadi kAtantra vyAkaraNa kA vartamAna svarUpa itanA prAcIna na bhI hoga, taba bhI yaha avazya mAnanA hogA ki kAtantra kA mUla avazya prAcInatama hai| kAtantra vyAkaraNa ke do pATha-vRddha laghu kAtantra vyAkaraNa kAzakRtsna vyAkaraNa kA saMkSepa hai / yaha hama pUrva (pRSTha 615) likha cuke haiM / samprati kAtantra vyAkaraNa kA jo pATha upalabdha hotA hai vaha sambhavataH prAcIna kAtantra vyAkaraNa kA zarvavarmA kRta saMkSipta laghurUpa hai / isa sambhAvanA meM nimna hetu haiM- 10 1. dhAtupATha ke vRddha-laghu pATha-kAtantra vyAkaraNa ke dhAtupATha ke jo do hastalekha hamAre pAsa haiM, una ke adhyayana se spaSTa pratIta hotA hai ki vaha kAzakRtsnIya dhAtupATha kA saMkSepa hai / vaha dhAtupATha hamAre pAsa zrI paM0 rAmaavadha pANDeya dvArA preSita dhAtupATha kI apekSA paryApta bhinnatA rakhatA hai / donoM pAThoM kI tulanA se vidita hotA hai 15 ki hamAre pAsa pUrvata: vidyamAna hastalekhoM kA pATha vRddhapATha hai aura paM0 rAmapravadha pANDeya dvArA preSita pATha laghapATha hai| vizeSa draSTavya 'dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (3)' nAmaka 22 vAM adhyAya / . 2-vRddhakAtantra-trilocanadAsa ne durgavRtti para pajI athavA paJjikA nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai| 3 / 3 / 22 sUtra kI paJjikA 20 gAkhyA meM vRddhakAtantrAH nAma se prAcIna vRddhakAtantra ke adhyetAoM ko smaraNa kiyA hai|' __ isa prakAra kAtantrIya dhAtupATha ke vRddha aura laghu do prakAra ke pATha upalabdha hone se tathA paJjikA vyAkhyA meM spaSTatayA vRddhakAtantrAH kA nirdeza hone se spaSTa hai ki kAtantra vyAkaraNa ke 25 vRddha aura laghu do pATha avazya the / vRddhapATha ke pravaktA kA nAma ajJAta hai| laghukAtantra kA pravaktA kAtantra-vyAkaraNotpattiprastAva-DA. velavAlkara mahodaya ne 1. dra0--kAtantravyAkaraNa-vimarza, pRSTha 276 /

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`r 622 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 'vanamAlI' nAma ke kisI paNDita dvArA viracita 'kAtantravyAkaraNo. tpattiprastAva' nAma kA eka grantha uddhRta kiyA hai|' tadanusAra rAjA sAtavAhana ko zIghra vyAkaraNa kA jJAna karAne ke liye zarvavarmA ne ziva kI ArAdhanA kii| zivajI ne zarvavarmA ke manoratha kI pUrti ke liye kumAra kAttikeya ko Adeza diyA / kAttikeya ne apane vyAkaraNa sUtra zarvavarmA ko diye / / ___ kathAsaritsAgara aura kAtantravRttiTIkA Adi ke anusAra kAtantravyAkaraNa ke pAkhyAtAnta bhAga kA kartA zaryavarmA hai| musala mAna yAtrI alberUnI ne bhI kAtantra ko zarvavarmA viracita likhA hai, 10 aura kathAsaritsAgara meM nirdiSTa 'modakaM dehi' kathA kA nirdeza kiyA hai| paM0 gurupada hAladAra ne apane 'vyAkaraNa darzanera itihAsa' meM zarvavarmA ko kAtantra ko vistRta vRtti kA racayitA likhA hai| jaranala gaGgAnAtha jhA risarca iMsTITayU Ta bhAga 1, aGga 4 meM tibbatIya granthoM ke AdhAra para eka lekha prakAzita huA hai / usameM 15 likhA hai| ___ "sAtavAhana ke cAcA bhAsavarmA ne 'zaGa ku' se saMkSipta kiyA aindra vyAkaraNa prApta kiyA, jisakA prathama sUtra 'siddho varNasamAmnAyaH' thA, aura vaha 15 pAdoM meM thaa| isakA vararuci sastavarmA ne saMkSepa kiyA, aura isakA nAma kalApasUtra huA / kyoMki jina aneka srotoM 20 se isakA saMkalana huA thA, ve mora kI pUcha ke sadRza pRthak-pRthak the| isameM 25 adhyAya aura 400 zloka the|" 1. sisTams prApha saMskRta grAmara, pRSTha 82, Ti0 2 / 2. vahI, pRSTha 82, pairAgrApha 64 / 3. lambaka 1, taraGga 6, 7 / 4. tatra bhagavatkumArapraNItasUtrAnantaraM tadAjJayaitra zrIzarvavarmaNA praNItaM sUtra kathamanarthakaM bhavati / pariziSTa, pRSTha 466 / / 5. alverUnI kA bhArata, bhAga 2, pRSTha 41 / 6. dra0-pRSTha 437 / 7, kAtantra ke prAkhyAtAnta bhAga meM 16 pAda hai / kyA prAkhyAtaprakaraNa ke cAra pAda prakSipta haiM ? sambhava hai 19 ke sthAna meM 15 saMkhyA pramAdajanya ho| 8. yahAM adhyAya se pAdoM kA abhiprAya hai / kRdanta bhAga milAkara sampUrNa grantha meM 25 pAda haiM /

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prAcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 623 isa lekha ke lekhaka ne TippaNI meM likhA hai-tibbatIya bhASA meM zarvasarva sapta sasta isa prakAra sarva kA sasta rUpAntara bana sakatA hai| ___ hamArA vicAra hai ki vartamAna kAtantravyAkaraNa zarvavarmA dvArA saMkSipta kiyA huA hai| isa saMkSipta saMskaraNa kA kAla bhI vikrama se 5 nyUnAtinyUna 400-500 varSa prAcIna hai / isakA mUlagrantha atyanta prAcIna hai, yaha hama pUrva pratipAdana kara cuke haiN| kRpakaraNa kA pravaktA-kAtyAyana kAtantra kA vRttikAra durgasiMha kRtprakaraNa ke prArambha meM likhatA vRkSAdivadamI rUDhA na kRtinA kRtA kRtaH / kAtyAyanena te sRSTA vibudhapratipattaye // arthAt kAtantra kA kRtprakaraNa kAtyAyana ne banAyA hai| kAtyAyana nAmaka aneka prAcArya ho cuke haiN| kRtprakaraNarUpa bhAga kisa kAtyAyana ne banAyA, yaha durgasiMha ke lekha se spaSTa nahIM hotaa| 15 sambhava hai ki mahArAja vikrama ke purohita kAtyAyana gotraja vararuci ne kRtprakaraNa kI racanA kI ho| ___ kRtprakaraNa kA kartA zAkaTAyana-DA. velvAlkara ne jogarAja praNIta 'pAdaprakaraNasaMgati' nAma ke grantha kA ullekha kiyA hai| usameM kRtprakaraNa kA kartA zAkaTAyana ko mAnA hai|' usa kA pATha isa 20 prakAra hai kRtastavyAdayaH sopapadAnupapadAzca ye| liGgaprakRtisidhyarthaM tAjagau shaakttaaynH|' 'kRtprakaraNa kA lekhaka vararuci kAtyAyana hai athavA zAkaTAyana, isa viSaya meM kAtantra ke prAcIna vRttikAra durga ke vacana ko hama 25 prAmANika mAnate haiN| kItha kI bhUla-kItha apane saMskRta sAhitya ke itihAsa meM 1. sisTamsa Apha saMskRta grAmara, pRSTha 84, pairA 65,tathA agale pRSTha kI tti01|| 2. kAtantra vyAkaraNavimarza, pRSTha 37 /

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624 . saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa likhatA hai-'mUla meM usameM cAra adhyAya the|" durgasiMha ke pUrva zloka se spaSTa hai ki kAtantra kA cauyA adhyAya kAtyAyanakRta haiM / ataH mUla grantha meM tIna hI adhyAya the| kItha kA mUla meM cAra adhyAya likhanA cintya hai| kAtantrapariziSTa kA kartA-zrIpatidatta prAcArya kAtyAyana dvArA kRtprakaraNa kA samAveza ho jAne para bhI kAtantra vyAkaraNa meM aneka nyUnatAeM raha giiN| unheM dUra karane ke liye zrIpatidatta ne kAtantra-pariziSTa kI racanA kI / zrIpatidatta kA kAla ajJAta hai, parantu vaha vikrama kI 11 vIM zatAbdI se pUrvavartI hai, 10 itanA spaSTa hai| pariziSTa-vRtti-zrIpatidatta ne svaviracita kAtantra-pariziSTa para vRtti bhI likhI hai / kAtantrottara kA kartA-vijayAnanda (1207 vi0 pUrva) kAtantra vyAkaraNa kI mahattA bar3hAne ke liye vijayAnanda ne 15 'kAtantrottara' nAmaka grantha likhA / isakA dUsarA nAma vidyAnanda hai|' paTTana ke jainagranthAgAroM ke hastalikhita granthoM ke sUcIpatra pRSTha 261 para 'kAtantrottara' grantha kA nirdeza hai / isa hastalekha ke anta meM nimna pATha hai-- ___ 'dinakara-zatapatisaMkhye'STAdhikAndamukte zrImadgovindacandra20 devarAjye jAhnavyA dakSiNakUle zrImadvijayacandradevavaDaharadezabhujyamAne zrInAmadevadattajahmapurodigvibhAge purarAhUpurasthite pauSamAse SaSThayAM tithau zauridine vaNikjalhaNenAtmajasyArthe taddhitavijayAnandaM likhita. miti / yAdRzaM dRSTaM tathA likhitam' / isase itanA spaSTa hai ki yaha prati saM0 1208 meM likhI gaI 25 thii| ataH vijayAnanda vikrama saM0 1200 se pUrvavartI hai| 1. hindI anuvAda, pRSTha 511 // 2. sisTams Apha saMskRta grAmara, pairA naM. 66 / 3. jaina pustakaprazastisaMgraha meM bhI 'pATaNa khetaravasahIpAThakAvasthita' bhANDAgAra ke saM0 1208 ke likhe kAtantrottara ke hastalekha kA nirdeza hai| 30 dra0 pRSTha 106 /

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79 prAcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 625 kAtantrottara-pariziSTa kA kartA-trilocana kavicandra vijayAnandakRta kAtantrottara kI pUrti ke liye trilocana kavicandra ne kAtantrottara kA pariziSTa likhA / isa ke putra kavi kaNThAhAra ne paribhASA TIkA aura carkarIta rahasya likhA thA / carkarota rahasya kI dUsarI kArikA meM usane likhA hai guruNA cottarapariziSTaM yadabhihitamaviruddham / yahAM guru zabda se svIya janaka kavicandra kA nirdeza kiyA hai| . kAtantra prakIrNa-vidyAnanda kAtantrIya paribhASA pATha ke vRttikAra bhAvamitra ne granya ke prArambha meM prakINakartA vidyAnanda ko smaraNa kiyA hai| isa para 10 kAtantravyAkaraNavimarza ke lekhaka jAnakIprasAda dviveda ne likhA hai'yaha vidyAnanda kauna hai, kiviSayaka prakorNanAma kA grantha hai yaha tattvataH jJAta nahIM hotaa| kAtantrottara nAma kA anya vidyAnanda ne likhA (vijayAnanda kA nAmAntara vidyAnanda bhI thA) aura prakIrNa zabda se kAtantrottara ko smaraNa kiyA ho to yaha vidyAnanda praNIta 15 kAtantrottara grantha hai kyoMki kAtantrotara pariziSTa rUpa hai|" kAtantrachandaHprakriyA-zrIcandrakAnta zrIcandrakAnta tarkAlaMkAra ne kAtantra kI pUrti ke liye kAtantrachandaHprakriyA kA saMkalana kiyaa| isa ke sUtroM para usa kI vRtti bhI upalabdha hotI hai| 20 kAtantra vyAkaraNa ke anuyAyiyoM meM kAtantra ke adhUrepana ko dUra karane ke liye kitanA prayatna kiyA, yaha ukta prakaraNa se spaSTa vidita ho jAtA hai, parantu isa prayatna se kAtantra vyAkaraNa kA mUla uddezya hI lupta ho gyaa| kAtanjJa kA saMskAra 25 kAtantra vyAkaraNa kA jo pATha samprati upalabdha hai usa kA saMskAra vA pariSkAra durgasiMha ne kiyA hai| aisA paM0 jAnakIprasAda 1. kAtanna vyAkaraNa vimarza, pRSTha 44-45 / 2. kAtantra vyAkaraNa vimarza, pRSTha 166-167 /

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626 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa dviveda kA mata hai| isa meM unhoMne mAdhavIya dhAtuvRtti, kSIrataraGgiNI Adi granthoM meM kAtantra ke matoM kA 'durga' vA 'daurga' pada se nirdeza ko pramANa rUpa se uddhRta kiyA hai / tathA isa meM paJjikAkAra kA mata bhI uddhata kiyA hai / kAtantra 2 / 4 / 27 kA sUtra hai-tAdarthye / isa 5 para paJjikAkAra likhatA hai kathamidamucyate, na khalvetaccharvavarmakRtasUtram / atra tu vRttikRtA matAntaramAdarzitam / iha hi prastAve candragominA praNItamidam / (paJjikA 2 / 4 / 27) / bhAratIya vAGamaya meM bahata se aise grantha haiM jinakA uttara kAla meM saMskAra vA pariSkAra kiyA gayA hai| isa dRSTi se yadi kAtantra vyAkaraNa kA bhI durgasiMha ne pariSkAra kiyA ho to yaha sambhava hai| tathApi kAtantra vyAkaraNa kA bhI durga vA daurga nAma se uddhRta hone mAtra se durga dvArA saMskAra kI sambhAvanA prakaTa karanA hamAre vicAra meM vicArArha hai| kyoMki bahutra yaha dekhane meM AtA hai ki uttara kAla 15 ke lekhaka mUlagrantha ke matoM kA TIkAkAra ke nAma se uddhRta karate haiN| paJjikA ke pramANa se bhI itanA hI vidita hotA hai ki durgasiMha ne tAdarthya cAndrasUtra matAntara nidarzanArtha uddhata kiyA thaa| sambhava hai durga dvArA usakI vyAkhyA karane ke kAraNa uttaravartI lekhakoM ne,use mUla grantha kA sUtra samajha kara mUla grantha meM sanniviSTa kara diyA ho / 20 ataH yaha uddharaNa bhI durga dvArA mUlagrantha ke saMskAra karane ke pramANa ke liye mahattvapUrNa nahIM hai| bhAvI lekhakoM para isa viSaya meM gambhIratA se vicAra karanA caahiye| kAtantra vyAkaraNa se sambaddha varNasamAmnAya yadyapi mUla kAtantra vyAkaraNa meM sAkSAt varNasamAmnAya kA nirdeza 25 nahIM milatA hai, tathApi usa ke katipaya vyAkhyAkAroM ke anusAra koI varNasamAmnAya prAzrita kiyA gayA thA / kAtantra vyAkaraNavimarza ke lekhaka ne isa viSaya ke tIna pramANa prastuta kiye haiM 1. varNasamAmnAye kAdiSvakAra uccAraNArthaH / kA0 vRtti TokA 1 // 16 // 30 2. nanu varNasamAmnAyasya kramasiddhatvAt sandhyakSarasaMjJA'nantara 1. kAtantra vyAkaraNa vimarza, pRSTha 6 /

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AcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 627 mevAnusvAravisarjanIyayoH saMjJAnirdezo yujyate / tatkathaM vyatikramanirdezaH / satyamanayora pradhAnatvAt pazcAt nirdezaH / paJjikA 1 / 1 / 16 / / 3. nanu hakAraparyantamiti kathamuktaM kSakArasyApi vidyamAnatvAt / naivaM kSakArasyoktavarNeSvevAntarbhAvAt / kathaM tarhi varNasamAmnAye tadu- 5 deza iti cet ? kAdInAM saMyogasUcanArthamiti na doSaH / kalApa candra kavirAja suSeNa 1|1| | ina uddharaNoM kA nirdeza karake kAtantravyAkaraNavimarza ke lekhaka ne likhA hai - 'varNasamAmnAya kA pATha na hone para bhI koI varNa samAmnAya nizcaya hI yahAM prAcArya ne svIkAra kiyA hai|' lekhaka kI bhrAnti - hamAre vicAra se ina uddharaNoM se kisI viziSTa varNa samAmnAya ke zrAzrayaNa kI siddhi nahIM hotI hai| inameM jisa varNasamAmnAya kA nirdeza hai vaha loka prasiddha varNasamAmnAya hI hai / usI meM sandhyakSaroM ke pazcAt zraM zraH ke rUpa meM anusvAra visarjanIya kA nirdeza adyayAvat milatA hai / isI prakAra hakAra pazcAt kSa tra jJa kA ullekha laukika varNa samAmnAya meM kiyA jAtA hai / kAtantra ke prathama sUtra siddho varNasamAmnAya se sUcita hotA hai ki yahAM loka siddha hI varNa samAmnAya svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| pratyAhAra-sUtra ? ke 10 15 lakhanaU nagarastha 'akhila bhAratIya saMskRta pariSad ke saMgraha meM 20 golhaNa viracita durgasiMhIya kAtantra TIkA para 'catuSka TippaNikA' nAma se eka hastalekha vidyamAna hai / yaha hastalekha vi0 saM0 1436 kA hai / isa grantha ke anta meM pratyAhAra bodhaka sUtra tathA pratyAhAra sUtra paThita haiM | pATha isa prakAra hai 1 zrAdirantyena sahetA / zrAdi varNena zrantena itA anubandhena sahitaH 25 madhyapatitAnAM varNAnAM grAhako bhavati / taparastatkAlasya praNuditaH savarNasya vA pratyayaH / na i u N / R lR k / e zro N / ai zrau D / la N / Ga JaNanam / phana j / gha Dha dha S / ja ga pa Da da za / kha pha ba Dha tha ca Ta ta v / ka pa y / za Sa sa r / hal / iti prakkeDamAtrana samyaka / PATAB 30 1. tena pAThAbhAve'pi kazcid varNasamAmnAyo nUnamAcAryeNAGgIkRta ityavagantavyam / kAtantra vyAkaraNa vimarza, pRSTha 8 /

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628 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 10 yaha lekha paryApta azuddha hai / ina pratyAhAra sUtroM kA golhaNa kRta catuSka TippaNikA ke anta meM nirdeza kA kyA prayojana hai, yaha hamAro samajha meM nahIM aayaa| isI prakAra ina pratyAhAra sUtroM kA kisa vyA karaNa ke sAtha sambandha hai, yaha kahanA bhI kaThina hai| kAtantra para 5 zodha karane vAle bhAvI vidvAnoM ko isa para vicAra karanA caahiye| kAtantra kA pracAra kAtantra vyAkaraNa kA pracAra samprati baMgAla taka hI sImita hai / parantu kisI samaya isakA pracAra na kevala sampUrNa bhAratavaSa meM, apitu usase bAhara bhI thaa| mAravAr3a kI dezI pAThazAlAoM meM abhI taka jo 'sIdhI pATI' par3hAyI jAtI hai, vaha kAtantra ke prArambhika bhAga kA vikRta rUpa hai, yaha hama pUrva likha cake haiN| zUdraka-viracita padmaprAbhataka bhANa se pratIta hotA hai ki usake kAla meM kAtantrAnuyAyiyoM kI pANinIyoM se mahatI spardhA thii|' ___ kItha apane saMskRta sAhitya ke itihAsa meM likhatA hai-kAtantra 15 ke kucha bhAga madhya eziyA kI khudAI se prApta hue the| isa para mUsiyona jaranala meM ela. phinota ne eka lekha likhA thaa| dekhoukta jaranala san 1911, pRSTha 192 / ___ kAtantra ke ye bhAga eziyA taka nizcaya hI bauddha bhikSutroM ke dvArA pahuMce hoNge| kAtantra kA dhAtupATha abhI taka upalabdha hai| isake 20 hastalekha kI do pratiyAM hamAre pAsa haiM / / kAtantra ke vRttikAra samprati kAtantra vyAkaraNa kI saba se prAcIna vRtti durgasiMhaviracita upalabdha hotI hai / usameM kecit apare anye Adi zabdoM dvArA aneka prAcIna vRttikAroM ke mata uddhRta haiM / ataH yaha nissa25 ndigdharUpa se kahA jA sakatA hai ki durgasiMha se pUrva kAtantra vyAkaraNa ke aneka vRttikAra ho cuke the, jinakA hameM kucha bhI jJAna nahIM hai / 1. dekho-pUrva pRSTha 616 Ti0 3 / 2. saMskRta sAhitya kA itihAsa, pRSTha 431 / 3. jarmana kI chapI kSIrataraGgiNI ke anta meM zarvavarmA kA dhAtupATha bhI 30 chapA hai|

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prAcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 626 1-zarvavarmA zrI paM0 gurupadaM hAladAra ne apane 'vyAkaraNa darzanera itihAsa' ke pRSTha 437 para zarvavarmA ko kAtantra kI 'bRhadvatti' kA racayitA likhA hai|' parantu isake liye unhoMne koI pramANa nahIM diyA / sAtavAhana ko kAtantra sUtra par3hAte samaya usakI vRtti vA vyAkhyAna avazya 5 kiyA hogaa| ataH zarvavarmA kRta vRtti kA sadbhAva svayaM siddha hai| 2-vararuci paM0 gurupada hAladAra ne apane grantha ke pRSTha 364 aura 576 para vararuci-viracita kAtantravatti kA ullekha kiyA hai / pRSTha 576 para vararucikRta vatti kA nAma caitrakUTI likhA hai| parantu kAtantra vyA- 10 khyAsAra ke lekhaka harirAma ne vararuci viracita vRtti kA nAma 'durghaTa vRtti' likhA hai / usake matAnusAra durgasiMha kRta kAtantra vRtti prArambha meM paThita devadevaM praNamyAdau maGgalA caraNa kA zloka bhI vararucikRta hai / vaha likhatA hai| ____ atha cakAretikathamucyate ? lilekha iti vaktuM yujyate / yAvatA 15 'devadevam' ityAdi zloko vararucikRtadurghaTavRtterAdau dRshyte"..| kAtantra vyAkaraNa vimarza ke lekhaka paM0 jAnakIprasAda dviveda ne ye kavirAja suSeNa kRta kalApacandra grantha se vArarucavRtti tathA vararuci ke nimna uddharaNa diye haiM- 1. nAgrahaNaM yogavibhAgArtha tena kiM syAdityAha-tasminnityAdi 20 vararucivRttiH / (kavi0 3 / 2 / 38) / . 2. vindumAtra iti-sa cArdhacandrAkRtistilakAkRtizceti vararuciH / 3, arthaH padamaindrAH, vibhaktyantaM padamAhurApizalIyAH suptiGantaM padamiti pANinIyAH / ihArthopalabdhau padamiti vararuciH / . 25 4. vAzabdazcApizabdairvA zabdAnAM (sUtrANAM) cAlamaistathA / . __ebhirye'tra na siddhyanti te sAdhyA lokasammatA: / iti . vararuciH / 1. jini kAtantrera vistara vatti likhiyA chana tini sarvavarmAra nAma karena nA kena / ___2. kAtantra vyAkaraNa vimarza, pRSTha 7, Ti0 1 // 30

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa . 10 5. vararucistu cakArAt kvacidaghoSe'pyutvaM bhavati / yathA vAto'pi tApaparito siJcati / 'dra0 1 / 1 / 6, 20, 23; 5 / 8 ityAdi / ' isI prakAra vararucivRtti tathA vararuci ke nAma purassara mata durgaTIkA, paJjikA, vyAkhyAsAra, kalApacandra, bilvezvara TIkA durgavRtti TippaNI Adi meM milate haiM / __ ahamadAbAda ke 'lAlabhAI dalapati bhAI saMskRti vidyAmandira' meM vararucikRta kRdanta bhAga kI vRtti kA eka hastalekha hai / usa ke paJcama aura SaSTha pAda ke anta meM nimna pATha hai paNDita vararuciviracitAyAM kRd vRttau paJcamaH pAdaH samAptaH / paNDita vararuciviracitAyAM kRvRttau SaSThaH pAdaH samAptaH / kAtantra vyAkaraNa vimarza ke kartA ne isa vRtti ko anya vararuci kRta mAnA hai / 3-zazideva zazideva kRta 'zazideva vRtti' kA ullekha alberUnI ne apanI 15 bhAratayAtrA vivaraNa meM kiyA hai / yaha vRtti anupalabdha haiM aura anyatra bhI isa kA ullekha nahIM milatA hai / 4-durgasiMha __prAcArya durgasiMha vA durgasiMhma viracita kAtantravRtti samprati upalabdha hai / yaha upalabdha vRttiyoM meM saba se prAcIna hai| durgasiMha ne apane grantha meM apanA kucha bhI paricaya nahIM diyA / ataH durgasiMha kA itivRtta sarvathA ajJAta hai| durga ke aneka nAma-durgasiMha ne liGgAnuzAsana kI vRtti meM apane-aneka nAmoM kA ullekha kiyA hai / yathA 1. kA0 vyA0 vimarza, pRSTha 7 / 2. kA0 vyA0 vimarza, pariziSTa 2, pRSTha 275 para 'vararuci' zabda / 3. kA. vyA0 vimarza, pRSTha 8 / 4. alberUnI kA bhArata, bhAga 2, pRSTha 40 /

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AcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa durgAso'tha durgAtmA durgA durgapa ityapi / yasya nAmAni tenaiva liGgavRttiriyaM kRtA durgasiMha kA kAla durgasiMha ke kAla para sAkSAt prakAza DAlanevAlI kucha bhI sAmagrI upalabdha nahIM hotI / zrataH kAzakuzAvalamba nyAya se durgasiMha ke kAla nirdhAraNa kA prayatna karate haiM 631 1 - kAtantra ke 'in yajAderubhayam' ( 3 / 5 / 45) sUtra kI vRtti meM durgasiMha ne nimna padyAMza uddhRta kiye haiM 'tava darzanaM kinna dhatte / kamalavanodghATanaM kurvate ye / tanoti zubhraM guNasampadA yazaH / ' inake viSaya meM TIkAkAra likhatA hai 'mahAkavinibandhAzca prayogA dRzyante / yadAha bhAraviH tava darzanaM kinna dhatta iti .... tathA mayUro'pi - kamalavanodghATanaM kurvate ye [ sUryazataka 2] iti / tathA ca kirAtakAvye- tanoti zubhraM guNasampadA yaza: ( 1 / 8 ) iti / ' ina uddharaNoM se spaSTa hai ki durgasiMha bhAravi aura mayUra se uttaravartI hai / zy 1. kAtantra pariziSTa pRSTha 522 / 3. dekho pUrva pRSTha 491 / 10 hama pUrva likha cuke haiM ki koMkaNa ke mahArAja durvinIta ne bhAraviviracita kirAta ke 15 veM sarga para TIkA likhI thii| durvinIta kA rAjyakAla vi0 saM0 536 - 566 taka mAnA jAtA hai / ataH 20 bhAravi kA kAla vikrama kI SaSThI zatAbdI kA pUrvArddha hai | mahAkavi mayUra mahArAja harSavardhana kA sabhA paNDita thA / harSavardhana kA rAjyakAla saM0 663-705 taka hai| yaha durgasiMha kI pUrvasImA hai / 50. 2 - kAzikAvRtti 7 / 4 / e3 meM likhA hai 15 'atra kecid zabdaM laghumAzritya sanvadbhAvamicchanti / sarvatraiva 25 ghorAnantaryamabhyAsena nAstIti kRtvA vyavadhAne'pi vacanapramANyAd bhavitavyam / tadasat 1 '' 2. dekho - pUrva pRSTha 468

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632 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ___ isa pATha meM vAmana ne kisI granthakAra ke mata kA khaNDana kiyA hai| kAtantra 3 / 3 / 35 kI durgavRtti ke 'kayamajojAgarat ? aneka. varNavyavadhAne'pi lavuni syAdeveti matam' pATha ke sAtha kAzikA ke pUrvokta pATha ko tulanA karane se vidita hotA hai ki vAmana yahAM durga 5 ke mata kA pratyAkhyAna kara rahA hai| dhAtuvRttikAra sAyaNa ke mata meM bhI kAzikAkAra ne yahAM durgavati kA khaNDana kiyA hai|' kAzikA kA vartamAna svarUpa saM0700 se pUrvavartI hai, yaha hama kAzikA ke prakaraNa meM likha cake haiM / ataH yaha durgasiMha kI uttara somA hai / __ 50 gurupada hAladAra ne 'vyAkaraNa darzanera itihAsa' meM likhA hai 10 ki dugasiMha kAzikA ke pATha uddhRta karatA hai| hamane durga kAtantra vRtti kI kAzikA ke sAtha vizeSa rUpa se tulanA kI, parantu hameM eka bhI aisA pramANa nahIM milA, jisase yaha siddha ho sake ki durga kAzikA ko uddhRta karatA hai| donoM vRttiyoM ke aneka pATha samAna haiM, parantu unase yaha siddha nahIM hotA ki kauna kisako udadhata karatA 15 hai| aisI avasthA meM kAzikA ke pUrva uddharaNa aura sAyaNa ke sAkSya se yahI mAnanA adhika ucita hai ki durgasiMha kI kAtantravRtti kAzikA se pUrvavartI hai / ___ durgasiMhaviracita vRtti kA ullekha prabandhakoza pRSTha 112 para milatA hai| aneka durgasiMha saMskRta vAGamaya meM durga athavA durgasiMha-viracita aneka grantha upalabdha hote haiM / unameM tIna grantha pradhAna haiM-niruktavRtti, kAtantravRtti, aura kaatntrvRtti-ttiikaa| kAtantravRtti aura usakI TIkA kA raca yitA donoM bhinna-bhinna granthakAra haiN| paM0 gurupada hAladAra ne kAtantra25 vRtti-TIkAkAra kA nAma durgaguptasiMha likhA hai| unhoMne tona durgasiMha 1. yatta kAtantra matAntareNoktama-ityavadIrghatvayoH ajIjAgarata iti bhavatIti tadapyevaM pratyuktam vRttikArAtreyavardhamAnAdimirapyetad dUSitam / pRSTha 265 / 2. sUtre vRttiH kRtA pUrva durgasiMhena dhImatA / visUtre tu kRtA teSAM vAstu 30 pAlena mantriNA //

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80 prAcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 633 mAne haiM / hamArA vicAra hai ki kAtantravRttikAra aura niruktavRttikAra donoM eka haiN| isameM nimna hetu haiM - 1. durgAcArya viracita niruktavRtti ke aneka hastalekhoM ke anta ... meM durgasiMha athavA durgasiMhma nAma upalabdha hotA hai|' 2. donoM granthakAra apane grantha ko vRtti kahate haiM / isase ina 5 donoM ke eka hone kI saMbhAvanA hotI hai| 3. donoM granthoM ke racayitAoM ke liye 'bhagavat' zabda kA vyavaH hAra milatA hai| 4. donoM granthakAroM kI ekatA kA upodvalaka nimna pramANa upalabdha hotA hai nirukta 1 / 13 kI vRtti meM durgAcArya likhatA hai 'pANinIyA bhUiti prakRtimupAdAya laDityetaM pratyayamupAdadate tataH kRtAnubandhalopasyAnackasya lasya sthAne tibAdInAdizanti / ......... apare punarvaiyAkaraNA laTamakRtvaiva tibAdInevopAvadate / teSAmapi hi . zabdAnuvidhAne sA tntrshailii'| . isa uddharaNa meM pANinIya prakriyA kI pratidvandvatA meM jisa prakriyA kA ullekha kiyA hai, vaha kAtantravyAkaraNAnusAriNI hai| kAtantra meM dhAtu se laTa Adi pratyayoM kA vidhAna na karake sIdhe 'tipa' Adi pratyayoM kA vidhAna kiyA hai| usase spaSTa hai ki niruktavRttikAra kAtantravyAkaraNa se bhale prakAra paricita thaa| 5. kAtantravRttikAra durgasiMha kA kAla saM0 600-680 ke madhya meM hai, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiM / harisvAmI ne saM0 695 meM zatapatha . 20 1. DA0 lakSmaNasvarUpa sampAdita mUla nirukta kI bhUmikA pRSTha 30 / 2. niruktavRttikAra-tasya pUrvaTIkAkArairbarbarasvAmibhagavadurgapramatibhiH - nirukta skanda TIkA bhAga 1, pRSTha 4 |...."praacaarybhgvd. 25 durgasya kRtau .... (pratyeka adhyAya ke anta meM) / kAtantravRttikAra-bhagavAna vRttikAraH zlokamevaM kRtavAn devadevamityAdi / kAtantravRttiTIkA, pariziSTa pRSTha 465 /

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634 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ke prathamakANDa kA bhASya likhaa|' usake guru skandasvAmI ne apanI niruktaTIkA meM durgAcArya kA ullekha kiyA haiM / ataH niruktavRttikAra durga kA kAla bhI saM0 600-680 ke madhya siddha hotA hai / ___ yadi zatapatha bhASyakAra harisvAmI vikrama kA samakAlika hove 5 (hamArA yahI mantavya hai) to kAtantravRttikAra durga niruktavRttikAra se se bhinna hogaa| yadi hamArA uparyukta lekha satya ho to kAtantravRttikAra ke viSaya meM adhika prakAza par3a sakatA hai / durgavRtti ke TIkAkAra 10 durgavRtti para aneka vidvAnoM ne TIkAeM likhI haiN| unameM se nimna TIkAkAra mukhya haiM 1-durgasiMha (9 vIM zatAbdI vi. ?) kAtantravRtti para durgasiMha ne eka TIkA likhI hai| paM0 gurupada hAladAra ne TIkAkAra kA nAma durgaguptasiMha likhA hai| TIkAkAra 15 grantha ke prArambha meM likhatA hai 'bhagavAn vRttikAraH zlokamevaM kRtavAn devadevamityAdi / isase spaSTa hai ki TIkAkAra durgasiMha vRttikAra durgasiMha se bhinna vyakti hai| anyathA vaha apane liye parokSanirdeza karatA huA bhI 'bhagavAna' zabda kA vyavahAra na krtaa| kItha ne apane saMskRta sAhitya ke itihAsa meM likhA hai-durgasiMha ne apanI vatti para svayaM TIkA likhii| yahI bAta esa. pI. bhaTTAcArya ne Ala iNDiyA oriyaNTala kAnphreMsa vArANasI (1943-44) meM apane bhAgavattiviSayaka lekha meM likhI hai / vastutaH donoM lekha ayukta haiN| sambhava hai ki kItha ko donoM ke nAmasAdRzya se bhrama huA ho, 25 aura esa. pI. bhaTTAcArya ne kItha kA hI mata uddhRta kara diyA ho / kItha kA anukaraNa karate hue esa0 pI0 bhaTTAcArya ne bhI vRtti1. dekho-pUrva pRSTha 388 / 2. dekho-pUrva pRSTha 633 kI Ti0 2 / 3. yaha TIkA baMgalA akSaroM meM sampUrNa chapa cukI hai| 4. dra0--pRSTha 431 (hindI anuvAda 511) /

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prAcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 635 kAra durga aura TIkAkAra durga ko eka mAnA hai|' durgasiMha apanI TIkA meM likhatA hai-'nayAsikAstu hrasvatvaM vidadhate'vizeSAt / ' TIkAkAra ne yahAM kisa nyAsa kA smaraNa kiyA hai, yaha ajJAta hai| ugrabhUti ne kAtantravRtti para eka nyAsa likhA thaa| (usakA 5 ullekha Age hogaa)| usakA kAla vikrama kI 11 vIM zatAbdI hai| ataH yahAM usakA ullekha nahIM ho sakatA / durgasiMha ne kRtsUtra 41, 38 ko vRttiTIkA meM zrutapAla kA ullekha kiyA hai|' yaha zrutapAla devanandI viracita dhAtupATha kA vyAkhyAtA hai| kAtantra 2 / 4 / 10 kI vattiTIkA meM bhaTri 8 / 73 kA 10 'zlAghamAnaH parastrIbhyastatrAgAd rAkSasAdhipaH' caraNa uddhRta hai / TIkAkAra durgasiMha ke kAla kA abhI nizcaya nahIM ho skaa| sambhava hai ki yaha navamI zatAbdI kA granthakAra ho| 2-ugrabhUti (11 vIM zatAbdI vi0) ugrabhUti ne durgavRtti para 'ziSyahitanyAsa" nAmnI TIkA likhI 15 hai| musalamAna yAtrI alberUnI isakA nAma 'ziSyahitA vRtti' likhatA hai| usane isa grantha ke pracAra kI kathA kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| isa kathA ke anusAra ugrabhUti kA kAla vikrama kI 11 vIM zatAbdI hai| gurupada hAladAra ne 'ziSyahitA nyAsa' ko kazmIra meM pracalita 'cicchuvRtti' kA vyAkhyAna mAnA hai / ziSyahitAnyAsa durgavRtti para hai athavA cicchu vRtti para; isa kA 1. proriyaNTala kAnphreMsa, san 1943, 44 (banArasa), bhAgavRttiviSaya lekh| 2.3 / 4 / 71 // pariziSTa pRSTha 528 / 3. vyAkaraNa darzanera itihAsa, pRSTha 465 / / 4. haribhadra kRta jaina prAvazyakasUtra kI TIkA kA nAma bhI ziSyahitA hai| 5. isa kA eka hastalekha zrInagarastha rAjakIya pustakAlaya meM surakSita hai| 6. alberunI kA bhArata, bhAga 2, pRSTha 40, 41 / 7. kaumAra sampradAye cicchavRttira upari kAzmIraka ugrabhUti ziSyahitA- / nyAsa praNayana karena / vyAkaraNa darzanera itihAsa, pRSTha 268 / ..25

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa nirNaya grantha ke avalokana se hI sambhava hai| isa ke upalabdha grantha zAradA lipi meM haiM / ataH hama nirNaya karane meM asamartha haiN| hamArA vicAra hai ki ugrabhUti ne svayaM kAtantra para ziSyahitA vRtti likhI aura usa para svayaM hI nyAsa likhA / paM0 jAnakIprasAda dviveda ne 'abhimatadevatApUjApUrvikApravRttiriti satAmAcAramanupAlayan vRttikRnnamaskaroti-OM zrI knntthaay...."|' pATha meM vRttikRnnamaskaroti pada ko dekha kara vRttikAra ko ugrabhUti se pRthak mAnA hai| saMskRta vAGmaya meM aneka aise grantha hai jina ke vyAkhyeya aura vyAkhyA grantha ke lekhaka eka hI hai| parantu unameM bhI vyAkhyAMza meM isI prakAra kA prathama puruSa ke rUpa meM nirdeza milatA hai / yathA sAhitya darpaNa, kAvyaprakAza kAvyAnuzAsana, granthoM meM kArikA aura usa kI vyAkhyA kramazaH eka hI granthakAra vizvanAtha mammaTa tathA hemacandrAcArya kI haiN| tadanusAra ziSyahitAvRtti aura ziSyahitA nyAsa kA eka hI lekhaka ho sakatA hai / isa meM alberUnI kA 'ziSyahitAvRtti' kA lekhaka rUpa se ugrabhUti 15 ko smaraNa karanA bhI pramANa hai| 3-trilocanadAsa (saM0 1100 vi0 ?) . trilocanadAsa ne durgavRtti para 'kAtantrapaJjikA' nAmnI bRhatI vyAkhyA likhI hai / yaha vyAkhyA baMgalAkSaroM meM mudrita ho cukI hai| vopadeva ne ise uddhRta kiyA hai| trilocanadAsa kA nizcita kAla 20 ajJAta hai / sambhava hai ki yaha 11 vIM zatAbdI kA granthakAra ho / kAtantra paJjikA kI vizeSatA-paM0 jAnakIprasAda dviveda ne * paJjikA kI vizeSatA kA varNana isa prakAra kiyA hai - __ "durgasiMha kRta vRtti tathA TIkA ke viSayoM kA praur3ha spaSTIkaraNa isa vyAkhyA meM dekhA gayA hai| isa vyAkhyA kA stara kAtantra sampradAya 25 meM vahI mAnA jA sakatA hai jo ki pANinIya sampradAya meM kAzikA vRtti para jinendra buddhi dvArA praNIta kAzikA vivaraNa paJjikA (nyAsa) kA hai / isa meM jayAditya jinendra buddhi prabhRti lagabhaga 40 granthakAroM tathA kucha granthoM ke matavacanoM ko dikhAyA gayA hai / bahuta se mata 'kecit' 'anye' 'itare' zabdoM se bhI prastuta kiye haiN| ina sabhI 30 matoM meM kucha matoM ko yukti saMgata nahI mAnA gayA hai| paJjikA meM darzita matoM ke prati kucha prAcAryoM ne doSa bhI

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prAcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 637 dikhAye haiN| ina doSoM kA samAdhAna suSeNa vidyAbhUSama meM apane 'kalApa candra' nAmaka vyAkhyAna meM kiyA hai|' paJjikA-TIkAkAra (ka) trivikrama-(13 vIM zatAbdI se pUrvavartI) trivikrama ne trilocanadAsaviracita 'paJjikA' para 'udyota' 5 nAmnI TIkA likhI hai / trivikrama vardhamAna kA ziSya hai / eka vardhamAna 'kAtantravistara' nAmnI TIkA kA lekhaka hai| isakA nirdeza mAge kreNge| vardhamAna nAma ke aneka AcArya ho cuke haiM / ataH yaha kisa vardhamAna kA ziSya hai, yaha ajJAta hai / paTTana ke hastalikhita granthoM ke sUcopatra ke pRSTha 383 para trivikrama kRta paJjikA kA eka hastalekha 10 nirdiSTa hai, usake anta meM nimna lekha hai'uktaM yadAlanavizIrNavAkyanirargalaM kiJcana phalgu puurvH| .. upekSitaM sarvamidaM mayA tat prAyo vicAraM sahate na yena // pAsIdiyaM paJjaracitrasAlikeva hi pnyjikaa| udyotavyapadezena tviyaM pUrNojjvalI kRtaa|| iti zrI vardhamAna ziSyatrivikramakRte paJjikodyote'nuSaGgapAdaH / saM0 1221 jyeSTha vadi 3 zuke likhitamiti / ' isase spaSTa hai ki 'trivikrama' vikrama kI 13 vIM zatAbdI se pUrvavartA hai| (kha) zrI dezala (saM0 1965) nandI paNDita ke putra zrI dezala ne saM0 1965 meM trilocanadAsa kRta paJjikA para 'pradIpa' nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI thii| paM0 jAnakIprasAda dviveda ne isakA vistAra se varNana kiyA hai| (ga) vizvezvara tarkAcArya (Ga) kuzala (gha) jinaprabha sUri (ca) rAmacandra vizvezvara tarkAcArya kRta 'paJjikA-vyAkhyA kA hastalekha kAzI ke sarasvatI bhavana pustakAlaya meM hai| agale tIna lekhakoM kA ullekha 25 (ca) rAmacandra 1. saMskRta prAkRta jaina vyAkaraNa aura kauza kI paramparA, pRSTha 115 // 2. kAtantra vyAkaraNa vimarza, pRSTha 32 /

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638 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 10 DA0 belvAlkara ne kiyA hai|' paM0 jAnakI prasAda dviveda ne 'saMskRta vyAkaraNoM para jainAcAryoM ko TIkAeM, eka adhyayana' zorSaka nibandha meM trilocanadAsa kRta paJjikA para nimna lekhakoM kI vyAkhyAyoM kA varNana kiyA hai|' (cha) maNikaNTha bhaTTAcArya-isane 'trilocana candrikA' nAmnI vyAkhyA kI hai| . puruSottamadeva kRta mahAbhASya laghuvRtti para zaMkara paNDita viracita . vyAkhyA kI maNikaNTha ne eka TIkA likhI thii| isa kA nirdeza hama pUrva pRSTha 403 para kara cuke haiN| hamArA vicAra hai ki isI maNikaNTha ne 'trilocana candrikA' vyAkhyA likhI hai / (ja) sItAnAtha siddhAntavAgIza-isane paJjikA ke kucha bhAgoM para 'saMjIvanI' nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI thii| (jha) pItAmbara vidyAbhUSaNa-isane 'patrikA' nAmnI vyAkhyA kI racanA kI thii| 4-vardhamAna (12 vIM zatAbdI vi0) DA0 belvAlkara ne vardhamAna kI TokA kA nAma 'kAtanvavistara' likhA hai| isa kI racanA gurjarAdhipati mahArAja karNadeva ke zAsana kAla (san 1088 I0 saM0 1145 vi0) meM huI thii| golDasTukara isa vardhamAna ko 'gaNaratnamahodadhi' kA kartA mAnatA hai / gurupada hAladAra ne bhI ise gaNaratnamahodadhikAra varSamAna kI racanA mAnA hai|' vopadeva ne 'kavikAmadhenu' kAtantravistara ko uddhRta kiyA hai| .. kAtantra-vistara ke vyAkhyAkAra 1-pRthvIghara-pRthvIdhara nAma ke vidvAn ne vardhamAna kRta sAtantravistara para eka vyAkhyA likhI thii| 1. pisTams Apha saMskRta grAmara, pairA naM0 66 / 2. saMskRta prAkRta jaina vyAkaraNa aura koza kI paramparA, pRSTha 115 3. vardhamAna 1940 sraSTAbve gaNaratnamahodadhi praNayana karena / "tAhAra kAtantravistara vRtti ekakhAni prAmANika granya, ekhana o kintu uhA mudrita * huI naaii| vyAkaraNa darzanera itihAsa, pRSTha 457 /

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AcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 636 paM0 jAnakIprasAda dviveda ne kAtantravistara para nimna vyAkhyAnoM kA ullekha kiyA hai' - 2 - vAmadeva - vidvAn racita 'manoramA' / 3- zrIkRSNa - viracita 'vardhamAna saMgraha ' / 9- raghunAthadAsa racita 'vardhamAna prakAza' / 5 - govindadAsa viracita 'vardhamAnAnusAriNI prakriyA' / 6 - zrajJAtanAmA vidvAn viracita 'kAtantra prakriyA' / 5 - pradyumna sUri (saM0 1366 vi0) pradyumna sUri nAma ke vidvAn ne durgavRtti para saM0 1369 meM eka vyAkhyA likhI / isa kA parimANa 3000 zloka mAnA jAtA hai / 10 Satara ke bhaNDAra meM isakA hastalekha hai / dra0 saMskRta prAkRta vyAkaraNa aura koza kI paramparA, pRSTha 122 / 6 - golhaNa (vi0 saM0 1436 se pUrva ) golhaNa ne durgasiMha viracita kAtantra TIkA para 'TippaNa' likhA hai / isakA 'catuSka TippaNikA' nAma se eka hastalekha lakhanaU nagarastha 15 akhila bhAratIya saMskRta pariSad ke saMgraha meM vidyamAna hai / isakI saMkhyA vargIkaraNa saMkhyA 105 vyAkaraNa, prApti naM0 62 hai / isameM kevala 22 patre haiM / prAyaH pratyeka do patroM para kramasaMkhyA samAna hai / arthAt eka-eka saMkhyA do-do patroM para par3I huI hai / dvirAvRta saMkhyAvAle patroM meM eka patrA sthUla lekhanI se likhA huA hai, dUsarA 20 sUkSma ( patalI ) lekhanI se / saMkhyA kI dvirAvRtti tathA lekhanAbheda kA nizcita kAraNa samayAbhAva se hama nizcita nahIM kara sake / sambhava hai sthUla lekhanI se likhA pATha durga TIkA kA ho aura sUkSma lekhanIvAlA golhaNa kI TIkA kA ( abhI nizcetavya hai ) / 1 'saMskRta prAkRta vyAkaraNa aura koza kI paramparA' ke pRSTha 122 25 para isake do hastalekhoM kA ullekha hai / eka rAjasthAna prAcyavidyApratiSThAna jodhapura meM hai / isake patroM kI saMkhyA 154 haiM / dUsarA ahamadAbAda meM hai / isa kI patra saMkhyA 348 hai / TIkAkAra kA deza kAla prajJAta hai / saM0 prA0 vyA0 aura koza kI paramparA grantha (pRSTha 122) meM likhA hai ki isa meM trilocanadAsa 30 1. kAtantra vyAkaraNavimarza, pRSTha 24-25 /

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640 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kRta kAtantra vRtti paJjikA uddhRta hai| lekhaka ne isa ko 16 vIM zatAbdI kA likhA hai| yaha cintya hai / lakhanaU ke pUrva nirdiSTa hastalekha ke anta meM lekhana kAla saM0 1436 nirdiSTa hai yathA - 'iti paNDitazrIgolhaNaviracitAyAM catuSkavRttiTippanikAyAM prakaraNa samAptamiti / zubhaM bhavatu // saMvat 1436 varSe mAvazudi zamAmesa (?) lakSmaNapure prAgamikAmaratilakena catuSkavRttiTippanikA prAtmapaThanArtha likhitaa| ataH golhaNa nizcaya hI saM0 1436 se pUrvavartI hai| isa TippaNa ke anta meM pratyAhArabodhaka sUtra tathA pratyAhAra sUtra 10 udadhata haiN| ye kisa vyAkaraNa ke haiM,aura yahAM inakI kyA AvazyakatA hai, yaha vicAraNIya hai / hai-inakA pATha pUrva pRSTha 627 para dekheN| 7-somakIti AcArya jinezvarasUri ke ziSya somakIrti ne kAtantra vRtti para 'kAtantra vRtti paJjikA' nAmnI eka vyAkhyA likhI hai / isa kA eka 55 hastalekha jaisalamera meM vidyamAna hai| isa kA deza kAla ajJAta hai| dra0 saM0 prA0 vyA0 aura koza kI paramparA, pRSTha 120 / ___ kAtantra vyAkaraNa kA durgavRtti sahita kalakattA se jo nAgarAkSaroM meM saMskaraNa prakAzita huaA thA, usake anta meM durgavRtti ke nimna TIkAkAroM vA TIkAoM ke kucha kucha pATha uddhRta kiye gaye haiM8. kAzIrAja 10. laghuvRtti 6. harirAna 11. catuSTaya pradIpa ina TokAkAroM vA TIkA granthoM ke atirikta bhI durgavRtti para kucha TIkAeM upalabdha hotI haiN| vistaraMbhiyA hamane unakA nirdeza nahIM kiyA hai| 5-cicchuma-vRttikAra (12 zatAbdI vi0 se pUrva) kisI kazmIradezaja vidvAn ne kAtantra vyAkaraNa para 'cicchamavRtti' nAma kI vyAkhyA likhI thii| gurupada hAladAra ke matAnusAra - yaha vRtti vardhamAna kRta 'kAtantravistara' vRtti se pUrvabhAvI hai yaha

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81 prAcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 641 samprati anupalabdha hai / prAge hama chucchuka bhaTTa viracita eka vRtti kA ullekha kreNge| kyA ye donoM vRtti eka ho sakatI haiM ? gurupada hAladAra ke matAnusAra ugrabhUti viracita 'ziSyahitAnyAsa' cicchuvRtti para likhA gayA thaa|' 6-umApati (saM0 1200 vi0) umApati ne bhI kAtantra para eka vyAkhyA likhI thii| yaha umApati lakSmaNasema ke sabhyoM meM prayatama hai / ataH isakA kAla sAmAnyatayA vikrama kI 12 vIM zatAbdI kA antima caraNa hai|' umApati ne 'pArijAtaharaNa' kAvya bhI likhA thaa| isakA ullekha griyarsana ne 10 kiyA hai| 7-jinaprabha sUri (saM0 1352 vi0) prAcArya jinaprabha sUri ne kAyastha khetala kI abhyarthanA para kAtantra kI 'kAtantravibhrama' nAmnI TIkA likhI thii| isa TIkA kI racanA 15 saM0 1352 meM dehalI meM huI thii| granthakArane racanA kAla tathA sthAna kA nirdeza isa prakAra kiyA hai pakSeSuzaktizazibhanmitavikramAbde, dhAGkite haratiyo puri yoginInAm / kAtantravibhrama iha vyataniSTaTIkAm, . 20 aprauDhadhIrapi jinaprabhasUriretAm // DA0 belvAlkara ne ise trilocanadAsa ko patrikA kI TIkA mAnA hai| 1. vArarucavRttara prAya: 300 vatsara pare daurgavRtti evaM kazmIri cicchavRtti racita hayA ch| varvamAnera kAtantravistara vRti cicchavRttira paravartI / 25 vyAkaraNa darzanera itihAsa, pRSTha 365 / / 2. vizeSa dra0-saM0 vyA0 itihAsa bhAga 2, pRSTha 218-216 tR0 saM0 / 3. jaina siddhAntabhAskara bhAga 13, kiraNa 2, pRSTha 205 / 4. sisTams mApha saMskRta grAmara, pairA naM0 66 /

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5 10 642 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 1 - kAtantravibhrama-pravacUrNi cAritrasiMha (saM0 1600 vi0 ) cAritrasiMha ne 'kAtantravibhrama' ke kucha durjJeya bhAga para 'avacUrNa' nAmnI eka TIkA likhI hai / granthakAra ne anta meM nimna padya likhe haiM'bANAviSaDindu (1625) mitisaMvati dhavalakkapuravare samahe / zrIkharatagaNa puSkarasu divA puSTaprakArANAm ||1|| zrI jina mANikyAbhidhasUrINAM sakalasArvabhaumAnAm / paTTevare vijayiSu zrImajjinacandrasUrirAjeSu ||2|| gItiH - vAcakamatibhadragaNeH ziSyastadupAstyavAptapAramArthaH / cAritrasahasA dhurvyadadhAd zravacUrNamiha sugamAm ||3|| yallikhitaM matimAndyAdanRtaM praznottare'tra kiJcidapi / tatsamyak prAjJavaraM zodhyaM svaparopakArAya // 4 // PI isa se spaSTa hai ki 'kAtantra vibhrama-pravacUrNi' saM0 1625 meM likhI gayI thI / yaha grantha patrAkAra meM indaura se chapa cukA hai / 15 isa grantha ke Arambha meM sArasvatasUtrayuktyA kA nirdeza hai / grantha meM sArasvata sUtra aura siddhAnta candrikA grantha kA bhI nirdeza hai / kAtantra sUtra sarasvatI ke prasAda zarvavarmA ne prApta kiyA thA aisI kivadantI prasiddha hone se sArasvatasUtrayuktyA meM sArasvata sUtra se kAtantra sUtroM kA hI nirdeza jAnanA cAhiye / grantha bhI ' kAtantra - 20 vibhrama' para likhA gayA hai| isa se bhI yaha spaSTa hai ki isa kA sambandha kAtantra vyAkaraNa ke sAtha hai, na ki sArasvata vyAkaraNa ke sAtha / 2- kAtantravibhramAvacUrNi - gopAlAcArya (saM0 1700 vi0) 30 gopAlAcArya ne bhI kAtantra vibhrama para avacUrNi nAma kI TIkA 25 likhI thI / granthakAra ke pitA kA nAma nAgara nIlakaNTha thA / granthakAra ne grantha lekhana kA kAla tathA svaparicaya isa prakAra diyA hai saMvadrAmarasAdri (1763 / parimite varSAyane dakSiNe, pauSemAsi zucau tithi pratipadi prAGa bhaumavAre'karot / zrImannAgara nIlakaNThatanayo nAmnAtu gopAlakaH, TIkAmasya vizuddharamyasugamAM kAvyasya durgasyavaM / / ' 1. saMskRta prAkRta jaina byAkaraNa aura paramparA, pRSTha 111 para uddhRta /

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prAcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 643 isa ke anusAra yaha avaNi TIkA gopAlAcArya ne saM0 1763 . ke dakSiNAyana pauSamAsa zuklapakSa pratipadA maMgalavAra ko likhI thii| / 8-jagaddhara bhaTTa (saM0 1350 vi0 samIpavartI) jagaddhara ne apane putra yazodhara ko par3hAne ke liye kAtantra kI 5 'bAlabodhinI' vatti likhI hai| jagaddhara kazmIra kA prasiddha paNDita hai| usane 'stutikusumAJjali' grantha aura mAlatImAdhava Adi aneka granthoM kI TIkAeM likhI haiM / jagaddhara ke pitAmaha gauradhara ne yajurvada kI 'vedavilAsinI' nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI tho|' ___ DA0 belvAlkara ne jagaddhara kA kAla 10 vIM zatAbdI mAnA hai, 10 vaha ThIka nahIM hai| kyoMki jagaddhara ne veNIsaMhAra nATaka kI TIkA meM rUpAvatAra ko uddhRta kiyA hai / rUpAvatAra kI racanA saM0 1140 . ke lagabhaga haI hai, yaha hama pUrva pratipAdana kara cuke haiN| jagaddhara kA kAla saM0 1350 ke lagabhaga / hai ___ bambaI vizvavidyAlaya ke jarnala meM 'DeTa Apha jagaddhara' lekha chapA 15 hai| usake lekhaka ne bhI jagaddhara kA kAla sAmAnyatayA IsA kI 14 vIM zatI pramANita kiyA hai / draSTavya-ukta jarnala sitambara 1640 bhAga 6, pRSTha 2 / bAla bodhinI kA hastalekha 10 julAI 1973 ko merA 'ujjaina' (ma0 pra0) jAnA huaa| vahAM zrI paM0 upendrazaraNa jI zAstrI (prAcArya, saMskRta mahAvidyAlaya mahAkAla mandira, ujjana) se akasmAt bheMTa huI / ve 'jagaddhara bhaTTa' para zodha kara rahe haiN| unhoMne jagaddharakRta 'bAlaMbodhinI TIkA' ko pratilipi dikhAI / TIkA vastutaH yathA nAma tathA guNaH ke anurUpa hai| isakA mUla hastalekha 'kIti mandira, vikrama vizvavidyAlaya 25 ujjaina' ke saMgraha meM vidyamAna hai| 1. vaidika vAGamaya kA itihAsa bhAga 2, pRSTha 66, san 1976 kA sNskrnn| 2. atra jayatviti, atra yadyapi jayateranabhidhAnAdutvaM na bhavati iti rUpAvatAre dRzyate / pRSTha 18, nirNayasAgara saMskaraNa / 3. dra0-pUrva pRSTha 586-587 / 30

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644 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa jagaddhara kA anya grantha-zrI upendrazaraNa jI zAstrI ne hI hameM jaMgIra kRta eka anya grantha kI bhI sUcanA dii| grantha kA nAma haiapazabda nirAkaraNa isakA eka hastalekha bhaNDArakara zodhasaMsthAna pUnA meM hai| isake pAMca patra haiM, prati pRSTha 25 paMktiyAM haiM / isakA nirdeza sUcIpatra meM 271 (bI) 1875-1876 grantha saM0 424 para hai / isa hastalekha ke sAtha citrakAvya grantha bhI hai| ___ yaha kheda kA viSaya hai ki kucha varSa pazcAt hI paM0 upendra zaraNa jI kA nidhana ho gyaa| isa kAraNa yaha grantha prakAzita hone se raha gyaa| bAlabodhinI kA TIkAkAra-rAjAnaka zitikaNTha rAjAnaka zitikaNTha ne jagaddharaviracita 'bAlabodhinI' vRtti kI vyAkhyA likhI hai| rAjAnaka zitikaNTha jagaddhara kA 'naptRkanyAtanayAtanUja' arthAt pote kI kanyA kA dauhitra thaa| rAjanaka zitikaNTha kA kAla 15 vIM zatAbdI kA uttarArdha hai| 9-puNDarIkAkSa vidyAsAgara (saM0 1450-1550 vi0) - puNDarIkAkSa vidyAsAgara ne kAtantravyAkaraNa kI eka vRtti likhI thii| isakA nirdeza puruSottamadevIya paribhASAvRtti ke sampAdaka zrI dinezacandra bhaTTAcArya ne bhUmikA pRSTha 18 para kiyA hai / puNDarIkAkSa-viracita nyAsa TIkA kA ullekha hama pUrva kara cuke haiM / isane bhaTTi kAvya para bhI eka TokA likhI thii| usakA varNana 'kAvyazAstrakAra vaiyAkaraNa kavi' nAmaka 30 veM adhyAya meM kreNge| 10-chucchuka bhaTTa chucchuka bhaTTa ne kAtantra kI eka laghuvRtti likhii| isa laghuvRtti kA 378 patrAtmaka eka nAgarAkSaroM meM likhita hastalekha dillI ke 'prAcIna grantha saMgrahAlaya' meM hai / isa kA pracalana kazmIra meM vi0 ke 16 zatI taka rahA aisA usake vivaraNa se jJAta hotA hai / lekhaka zaiva

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AcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa matAnuyAyI thA / isa kA mUla pATha baGgIya pATha se bhinna hai / " hama pUrva pRSTha 640 para eka ajJAta nAma granthakAra kI cicchuvRtti kA ullekha kara cuke haiM / hameM nAma ke kucha sAdRzya se sandeha hotA hai ki pUrva nirdiSTa cicchuvRtti sambhavataH chacchuka bhaTTa dvArA hI likhita hove / 11 - karmaghara bhaTTa karmadhara ne kAtantra para ' kAtantra mantraprakAza' nAma kA eka grantha likhA thA / isakA dvandva samAsAnta khaNDa catuSTayAtmaka hastalekha alavara ke 'rAjasthAna prAcyavidyApratiSThAna' meM vidyamAna hai. dra0 grantha saMkhyA 3203 | isa kA vistRta varNana 'kAtantra vyAkaraNa - vimarza (pRSTha 34-35 ) meM dekheM / 10 12- dhanaprabha sUri dhanaprabha sUri ne kAtantra kI 'catuSka vyavahAra duSTikA' nAma kI 15 vyAkhyA likhI thI / yaha vyAkhyA taddhita paryanta upalabdha hotI hai / * muni Izvara sUri ke dIpikA' nAmnI eka upalabdha hotI hai / " 13 - muni zrIharSa ziSya muni zrIharSa ne kAtantra para ' kAtantra - vyAkhyA likhI thI / yaha vyAkhyA AkhyAtAnta 20 anya vyAkhyAgrantha 1. jinaprabodha sUri ne saM0 1328 meM 'durgapadaprabodha' nAma kI eka TIkA likhI thI / * 2- prabodha mUrtigaNa -- jinezvara sUri ke ziSya prabodha mUrtigaNi 25 1. kAtantra vyAkaraNa vimarza, pRSTha 29 / 2. 34 / " " " 645 11 25 / 91 " 4. jaina saM0 prA0 vyA0 zraura koza kI paramparA, pRSTha 121 / dr rz

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646 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ne 14 vIM zatI meM 'durgapada prabodha' nAma ko vyAkhyA likho thii| isa ke prArambhika zloka meM 'paJjikA' kA ullekha hai| yaha paJjikA trilocanadAsa kRta hai athavA jinezvara sUri ke ziSya somakoti viracita, yaha ajJAta hai|' 3-kulacandra ne 'durgavAkya prabodha' nAma kA eka grantha likhA thaa|' prakriyA grantha paM0 baladeva ne bUMdI (rAjasthAna) ke nRpati rAmasiMha kI AjJA se saM0 1905 meM 'kalApaprakriyA' nAma ke grantha kI racanA kI thii| baladeva ke guru kA nAma aAzAnanda thaa| grantha kAra ne ukta paricaya nimna zlokoM meM diyA hai bANAkhakendumite (1905) vikramAdityato gate / varSa'tha rAmasiMhAjJo preritena dvijena / baladeva racitA kAtantra prakriyA shubhaa| upadezAd gurorAzAnandotthAd bhAgyayogataH / / isa grantha kA eka hastalekha jodhapura meM vidyamAna hai|' kAtantra sUtrapATha para inake atirikta anya aneka vRttiyAM likho gaI hoMgI. parantu hameM unakA jJAna nahIM hai / 2. candragomI (saM0 1000 vi0 pUrva) prAcArya candragomI ne pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke AdhAra para eka nae vyAkaraNa kI racanA kii| isa grantha kI racanA meM candragomo ne pAtaJjala mahAbhASya se bhI mahato sahAyatA lI hai| paricaya vaMza-candrAcArya ke vaMza kA koI paricaya upalabdha nahIM hotaa| mata--cAndravyAkaraNa ke prArambha meM jo zloka upalabdha hotA hai, 1. jaina saM0 prA. vyA0 aura koza kI paramparA pRSTha 120 / 2. " " " " 122 /

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prAcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 647 usase jJAta hotA hai ki candragomI bauddhamatAvalambI thaa|' mahAbhArata ke TIkAkAra nIlakaNTha ne anuzAsana parva 17 / 78 ko vyAkhyA meM mahAdeva ke paryAya 'nizAkara' kI vyAkhyA karate hue likhA hai nizAkarazcandraH, cndrvyaakrnnprnnetaa'| yaha nIlakaNTha ko itihAsAnabhijJatA kA dyotaka haiN| deza-kalhaNa ke lekha se vidita hotA hai ki candrAcArya ne kazmIra ke mahArAja abhimanyU kI prAjJA se kazmIra meM mahAbhASya kA pracAra kiyA thaa| parantu usake lekha se yaha vidita nahIM hotA hai ki candrAcArya ne bhArata ke kisa prAnta meM janma liyA thA / kisI anya pramANa 10 se bhI isa viSaya para sAkSAt prakAza nahIM pdd'taa| candragomI ke uNAdisUtroM kI antaraGga parIkSA karane se pratIta hotA hai ki vaha baGga prAnta kA nivAsI thaa| hama puruSottamadeva ke prakaraNa meM likha cuke haiM ki baMgavAsI antastha vakAra aura pavargIya bakAra kA uccAraNa eka jaisA karate haiN| unakA 15 yaha uccAraNa-doSa atyanta prAcIna kAla se calA A rahA hai| __candrAcArya ne apane uNAdisUtroM kI racanA vakArAdi antya akSarakrama se kI hai| vaha uNAdisUtra 2 / 88 taka pakArAnta zabdoM ko samApta karake sUtra 86 meM phakArAnta gulpha zabda kI siddhi darzAna kara bakArAntoM ke anukrama meM sUtra 90, 91 meM antasthAnta 'garva, zarva, 20 azva, laTvA, kaNva, khaTvA' aura 'vizva' zabdoM kA vidhAna karake sUtra 62 ke zivAdigaNa meM 'ziva sarva, ulva, zulva, nimba, bimba, zamba; stamba, jihvA, grIvA' zabdoM kA sAdhatva darzAtA hai| inameM antasthAnta aura pavargIyAnta donoM prakAra ke zabdoM kA eka sAtha sanniveza hai| isase pratIta hotA hai ki candrAcArya baMgadezIya thA / ata eva usane 25 prAntIyoccAraNa doSa kI bhrAnti se antastha vakArAnta padoM ko bhI pavargIya bakArAnta ke prakaraNa meM par3ha diyaa| 1. siddhaM praNamya sarvajJaM sarvIyaM jagato gurum / 2. dekho-pUrva pRSTha 376, tti02| 3. dekho-pUrva pRSTha 428 /

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa zAstra kA itihAsa ' cAndra vyAkaraNavRtteH samAlocanAtmakanadhyayanam' nAmaka zoSa prabandha ke lekhaka paM0 harSanAtha mizra ne bakAravakAra ke abhedagrAhakatA ke hamAre hetu kA 'dhunApi prAcInAH paNDitA bakAravakArayo viziSTe uccAraNe lekhe ca mandAdarAH pramAdyanti rUpa hetvAbhAsa se nirAkaraNa karake candrAcArya kA kazmIra dezajatva siddha karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai ( 0 pRSTha 3-5 ) / hamAre vicAra meM paM0 harSanAtha mizra kA yaha sAhasa mAtra hai / 5 30 648 kAla mahAn aitihAsika kalhaNa ke lekhAnusAra candrAcArya kazmIra ke 10 nRpati abhimanyu kA samakAlika thA / usakI AjJA se candrAcArya ne naSTa hue mahAbhASya kA punaH pracAra kiyA, aura naye vyAkaraNa kI racanA kI / ' mahArAja abhimanyu kA kAla abhI taka vivAdAspada banA huA hai| pAzcAttya vidvAn abhimanyu ko 423 IsA pUrva se lekara 500 IsA pazcAt taka vividha kAloM meM mAnate haiM / kalhaNa ke 15 matAnusAra abhimanyu kA kAla vikrama se nyUnAtinyUna 1000 varSa pUrva hai | hama bhAratIya kAlagaNanA ke anusAra isI kAla ko ThIka mAnate haiM | candrAcArya ke kAla ke viSaya meM hama mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali ke prakaraNa meM vistAra se likha cuke haiM / cAndravyAkaraNa kI vizeSatA 20 pratyeka grantha meM apanI kucha na kucha vizeSatA hotI hai / cAndravRtti' aura vAmanIya liGgAnuzAsana vRtti' meM cAndravyAkaraNa kI vizeSatAcandropajJamasaMjJakaM vyAkaraNam' likhI hai / arthAt cAndra vyAkaraNa meM kisI pAribhASika saMjJA kA vidhAna na karanA usakI vizeSatA hai / candrAcArya ne apanI svopajJavRtti ke prArambha meM apane vyAkaraNa kI 25 vizeSatA isa prakAra darzAI hai 'laghuvispaSTasampUrNamucyate zabdalakSaNam' arthAt yaha vyAkaraNa pANinIya tantra kI apekSA laghu vispaSTa aura kAtantra Adi kI apekSA sampUrNa hai / pANinIya vyAkaraNa meM 1. dekho - pUrva pRSTha 376 Ti0 2 / - 2. pUrva pRSTha 368 - 370 3. 2 / 2 / 86 / 4. pRSTha 7 /

Page #686
82 prAcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 646 jina zabdoM ke sAvutva kA pratipAdana vArtikoM aura mahAbhASya kI iSTiyoM se kiyA hai, candrAcArya ne una padoM kA sanniveza sUtrapATha meM kara diyA hai / ata eva usane apane grantha kA vizeSaNa 'sampUrNa' likhA hai| candrAcArya ne apane vyAkaraNa ko ravatA meM taJjala mahAbhASya 5 se mahAna lAbha uThAyA hai| pataJjali ne pANinIya sUtroM ke jisa nyAsAntara ko nirdoSa batAyA, candrAcArya ne apane vyAkaraNa meM prAyaH use hI svIkAra kara liyaa| isI prakAra jina pANinIya sUtroM vA sUtrAMzoM kA pataJjali ne pratyAkhyAna kara diyA, candrAcArya ne unheM apane vyAkaraNa meM sthAna nahIM diyaa| itanA hone para bhI aneka 10 sthAnoM para candrAcArya ne pataJjali ke vyAkhyAna ko prAmANika na mAna kara anya granyakAroM kA prAzraya liyA hai|' paM0 vizvanAtha mizra ko mahatI bhUla-'saMskRta prAkRta jaina vyAkaraNa aura koza ko paramparA' nAmaka saMgraha grantha ke antargata 'bhikSu zabdAnuzAsana kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana' zIrSaka lekha meM paM0 vizvanAtha 1: mizra ne likhA hai-cAndra vyAkaraNa to aAjakala upalabdha nahIM hai (pRSTha 172) / bar3e Azcarya kI bAta hai ki jarmanI aura pUnA se vRtti sahita tathA jodhapura se mUla cAndravyAkaraNa ke saMskaraNoM ke prakAzita ho jAne para bhI 'cAndravyAkaraNa to aAjakala milatA nahIM hai' likhA hai / isa prakAra likhane kA sAhasa karanA paM0 vizvanAtha mizra kI 20 ajJatA kA bodhaka to hai hI zodha kArya kI asAmarthya kA bhI dyotaka hai| cAndra-tantra aura svara-vaidika-prakaraNa DA0 belvAlkara aura esa0 ke0 de kA mata hai ki candragomI ne bauddha hone ke kAraNa svara tathA vedaviSayaka sUtroM ko apane vyAkaraNa meM sthAna nahIM diyaa| 1. tumo luk cecchAyAm / cAndra 1 / 1 / 22 / tulanA karo-mahAbhASya 3 / 1|7-tumunntaadvaa tasya lugvacanam / 2. yathA-ekazeSa prakaraNa / 3. raGkoH prANini vA / cAndra 3 / 2 / / kI mahAbhASya 4 / 2 / 100 se tulanA kro| 4. belvAlkara-sisTams Apha saMskRta grAmara, pRSTha 56; de- iNDiyana .. hisTorikala kvArTalI jUna 1938, pRSTha 258 /

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650 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 'belvAlkara' aura 'de' kI bhrAnti-DA0 belvAlkara aura esa. ke. de kA cAndravyAkaraNa sambandhI upayukta mata bhrAntipUrNa hone se sarvathA mithyA hai| pratIta hotA hai ki ina logoM ne cAndravyAkaraNa aura usakI upalabdha vRtti kA pUrA pArAyaNa hI nahIM kiyA aura 5 SaSTha adhyAya meM 'samAptaM cedaM cAndravyAkaraNaM zubham' pATha dekha kara hI ukta kalpanA kara lii| . paM0 ambAlAla premacandra zAha kI mUleM-paM0 ambAlAla premacanda zAha kA 'madhyakAlIna bhAratanA mahAvaiyAkaraNa' zorSaka eka lekha 'zrI jaina satyaprakAza' ke varSa 7 ke dIpotsavI aMka meM chapA hai| usameM 10 likhA hai___ 'tene (candra ne) pANinIya pratyAhAro kADhI ne navA mUkyA che. tene vaidika vyAkaraNa apane dhAtupATha kADhanAkhyo che.' ___ isa lekha meM vaidikaprakaraNa ke sAtha dhAtupATha ko nikAlane, aura pratyAhAroM ke badalane kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| yaha sarvathA mithyA 15 hai| cAndra kA dhAtupATha jarmana se chapA huA upalabdha hai| vaha ukta lekha likhane (san 1941) se 39 varSa pUrva chapa cukA hai| pratyAhAroM meM cAndra ne kevala eka sUtra meM parivartana karane ke atirikta sabhI pANinIya pratyAhAra hI svIkAra kiye haiN| pratIta hotA hai ki paM0 ambAlAla jI ne vaiyAkaraNa hote hue bhI 36 varSa pUrva chape cAndra20 vyAkaraNa ko nahIM dekhA, aura anya lekhakoM ke AdhAra para apanA lekha likha ddaalaa| upalabdha cAndratantra sampUrNa isa samaya jo cAndravyAkaraNa jarmana kA chapA upalabdha hai, vaha asampUrNa hai| yadyapi usake chaThe adhyAya ke anta meM samAptaM cedaM 25 cAndravyAkaraNaM zubham pATha upalabdha hotA hai, tathApi aneka pramANoM se jJAta hotA hai ki cAndravyAkaraNa meM svaraprakriyA-nidarzaka koI bhAga avazya thA, jo samprati anupalabdha hai| jina pramANoM se cAndra vyAkaraNa kI asampUrNatA, aura usameM svaraprakriyA kA sadbhAva jJApita hotA hai, una meM se kucha isa prakAra haiM 30 1. dra0-pRSTha 81 /

Page #688
prAcArya pAniNi se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 651 1-'vyApyAt kAmyac" sUtra kI vRtti meM likhA hai-'cakAraH satiziSTasvarabApanArthaH-putrakAmyatIti' / satiziSTa svara kI bAdhA ke liye cakArAnubandha karanA tabhI yukta ho sakatA hai, jaba ki usa vyAkaraNa meM svaravyavasthA kA vidhAna ho / 2-'tavyanIyarkelimaraH2 sUtra kI vRtti meM 'tavyasya vA svari- 5 tvaM vakSyAmaH' pATha upalabdha hotA hai| pANinIya zabdAnuzAsana meM vibhinna svara kI vyavasthA ke liye 'tavya' aura 'tavyat' do pratyaya par3he haiN| unameM yathAkrama aSTAdhyAyI 31113 aura 6 / 1 / 185 se pratyayAdya. dAttatva tathA antasvaritatva kA vidhAna kiyA haiN| isase vibhinna svaroM kA vidhAna kaise ho, isake liye vatti meM kahA hai-'tavya kA vikalpa 10 svaroM se svaritatva kheNge'| yahAM vRttigata 'vakSyAmaH' pada kA nirdeza tabhI upapanna ho sakatA hai, jaba sUtrapATha meM svaraprakriyA kA nirdeza ho, . anyathA usakI koI AvazyakatA nhiiN| 3.-cAndravatti 1 / 1 / 108 ke 'janavidhorigapAntAnAM ca svaraM vakSyAmaH' pATha meM svaravidhAna karane kI pratijJA kI hai| 15 4.-'prodnATa ThaT' sUtra kI vRtti meM likhA hai-'svaraM tu vkssyaamH| 5-'amAvaso vA" sUtra kI vRtti meM 'anau vasa iti pratiSedhAnAdya dAttatvama' pATha upalabdha hotA hai| isameM 'amAvasyA' zabda meM Nyat ke abhAva meM yat hone para Adya dAtta svara kI prApti hotI hai, 20 para iSTa hai antasvaritatva / isake liye vRttikAra ne 'anau vasaH' sUtra ko uddhRta karake prAdya dAtta svara kA pratiSedha darzAyA hai / isase spaSTa hai ki vRttikAra dvArA uddhRta 'anau vasaH' sUtra cAndravyAkaraNa meM kabhI avazya vidyamAna thaa| pANini ne antasvaritatva kI siddhi ke liye 'amAvasyA' aura 'amAvAsyA' donoM padoM meM eka Nyat pratyaya kA 25 vidhAna karake vRddhi kA vikalpa kiyA hai|' 1. cAndrasUna 1 / 1 / 23 // 2. cAndrasUtra 1 / 1 / 105 / / 3. cAndrasUtra 3 / 4 / 68 // 4. cAndrasUna 1 / 1 / 134 // 5. amAvasorahaM gyatonipAtayAmyavRddhitAm / tathaikavRttitA tayoH svarazca me prasiddhayati // mahAbhASya 3 / 1 / 122 // 30

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652 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 6-'lipo nezca" sUtra kI vRtti meM 'svaravizeSamaSTame vakSyAmaH' likhA hai / isa pATha meM spaSTa hI aSTamAdhyAya meM svaraprakriyA kA vidhAna svIkAra kiyA hai| 7-cAndraparibhASApATha meM eka paribhASA hai-svaravivau vyaJjanamavidyamAnavat / isa paribhASA kI AvazyakatA hI taba par3atI hai, jaba cAndravyAkaraNa meM svaraprakaraNa ho, anyathA vyartha hai| ina sAta pramANoM se spaSTa hai ki cAndravyAkaraNa meM svaraprakriyA kA vidhAna avazya thaa| SaSTha pramANa se yaha spaSTa hai ki cAndra-tantra meM ATha adhyAya the| svaraprakriyA kI vizeSa AvazyakatA vaidika 10 prayogoM meM hotI hai| ataH pratIta hotA hai ki cAndravyAkaraNa meM vaMdikaprakriyA kA vidhAna bhI avazya thA / upayukta SaSTha pramANAnusAra svaraprakriyA kA nirdeza aSTamAdhyAya meM thaa| ataH sambhava hai saptamAdhyAya meM vaidika prakriyA kA ullekha ho| isakI puSTi usake dhAtupATha se bhI hotI hai| candra ne dhAtupATha meM kaI vaidika dhAtueM par3ho paM0 harSanAtha mizra ne apane 'cAndravyAkaraNavRtteH samAlocanAtmakamadhyayanam' nibandha meM isa viSaya para vistAra se likhA hai| hamane to nidarzanArtha katipaya nirdeza hI saMkalita kiye the / / ____ isa prakAra spaSTa hai ki cAndravyAkaraNa ke vaidika aura svara20 prakriyA-vidhAyaka saptama aSTama do adhyAya naSTa ho cuke haiM / vikrama ko 12 vIM zatAbdI meM vidyamAna bhASAvRttikAra puruSottamadeva se bahuta pUrva cAndravyAkaraNa ke antima do adhyAya naSTa ho cuke the / ata eva usa samaya ke vaiyAkaraNa cAndravyAkaraNa ko laukika zabdAnuzAsana hI samajhate the / isIliye puruSottamadeva ne 7 / 3 / 64 25 kI bhASAvRtti ke 'candragomI bhASAsUtrakAro yaGo veti sUtritavAna' pATha meM candragomI ko bhASAsUtrakAra likhA hai / DA0 belvAlkara ne bhI 1. cAndrasUtra 1 / 1 / 145 // 20 cAndraparibhASA 86, paribhASA saMgraha, pRSTha 48 / 3. bhoja ne sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa ke AThaveM adhyAya meM hI pahile vaidika 30 prakaraNa par3hA, tadanantara svrprkrnn|

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AcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa cAndravyAkaraNa ko kevala laukika bhASA kA vyAkaraNa mAnA hai / ' ~ 653 antima adhyAyoM ke naSTa hone kA kAraNa jaise siddhAntakaumudI Adi prakriyAgranthoM meM svara vaidika prakriyA kA anta meM saMkalana hone se una granthoM ke adhyetA svaraprakriyA ko anAvazyaka samajha kara prAyaH chor3a dete haiM / usI prakAra sambhava hai ki 5 cAndravyAkaraNa ke adhyetAoM dvArA bhI usake svara vaidika prakriyAtmaka antima do adhyAyoM kA parityAga hone se ve zanaiH-zanaiH naSTa ho gaye / pANini ne svara vaidika prakriyA kA laukika prakaraNa ke sAtha-sAtha hI vidhAna kiyA hai, isaliye usake grantha meM ve bhAga surakSita rahe / 10 anya grantha 1. cAndravRtti - isa kA varNana anupada hogA / 2. dhAtupATha 4. uNAdisUtra 3. gaNapATha 5. liGgAnuzAsana ina granthoM kA varNana isa grantha ke dvitIya bhAga meM yathAsthAna kiyA jAyagA / 15 6. upasargavRtti - isameM 20 upasargoM ke artha aura udAharaNa haiM / yaha kevala tibbatI bhASA meM milatA hai / ' 7. zikSAsUtra - isameM varNoccAraNazikSA sambandhI 48 sUtra haiM / isakA vizeSa vivaraNa 'zikSA zAstra kA itihAsa' grantha meM likheMge / isa zikSA kA eka nAgarI saMskaraNa hamane gata varSa' prakAzita kiyA 20 hai / 1. sisTams apha saMskRta grAmara, pairA naM 0 44 // 2. sisTams Apha saMskRta grAmara, pairA, naM0 45 / 3. vi0 saM0 2006 meM / dvitIya saMskaraNa saM0 2024 meM / 8. koSa -- koSagranthoM kI vibhinna TIkAnoM tathA katipaya vyA karaNagranthoM meM candragomI ke aise pATha udhRta haiM, jina se pratIta hotA hai. ki candragomI ne koI koSa grantha bhI racA thA / ujjvaladatta ne uNAdivRtti meM cAndrakoza ke aneka uddharaNa ud- 25 ghRta kie haiM / uNAdivRtti meM cAndrakoza kA eka vacana nimna prakAra uddhRta kiyA hai-- 30

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10 15 saMskRta vyAkaraNa- zAstra kA itihAsa 'kAzAkAzadazAGkuzam' iti tAlavyAnte candragomI / isa ullekha se dhvanita hotA hai ki cAndrakoza kA saMkalana mAtRkAnusAra varNAntyakrama se thA / uNAdisUtroM meM bhI isI krama ko svIkAra kiyA hai / ' 654 DA0 belvAlkara ne candragomI viracita 'ziSyalekhA' nAmaka dhArmika kavitA tathA 'lokAnanda' nAmaka nATaka kA bhI ullekha kiyA / hai / ' DA0 harSanAtha mizra ne prArthasAdhanazatakam ( kAvya aura zrAryatArAntaravali vidhi nAma ke granthoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai / " cAndravRtti Y nizcaya hI cAndrasUtroM para aneka vidvAnoM ne vRttigrantha race hoMge, parantu samprati ve aprApya haiN| isa samaya kevala eka vRtti upalabdha hai, jo jarmana deza meM romana akSaroM meM mudrita hai|* upalabdha vRtti kA racayitA yadyapi romanAkSara mudrita vRtti ke kucha kozoM meM 'zrImadAcAryadharmadAsasya kRtiriyam' pATha upalabdha hotA hai, tathApi hamArA vivAra hai ki ukta vRtti dharmadAsa kI kRti nahIM hai, vaha prAcArya candragomo kI svopajJavRtti hai / hamAre isa vicAra ke poSaka nimna pramANa haiM 1 - vikrama kI 12 vIM zatAbdI kA jaina granthakAra vardhamAna sUri 20 likhatA hai - 1. dra0 - pUrva pRSTha 647 / 2. sisTams grApha saMskRta grAmara, pairA naM0.45 / 3. cAndravyAkaraNavRtteH samAlocanAtmakamadhyanam, pRSTha 7 / 4. paM0 ambAlAla premacandra zAha ne iNDiyana eNTIkverI bhAga 25, pRSTha 106 ke AdhAra para likhA hai ki cAndravyAkaraNa para lagabhaga 15 vRtti vyA25 sthAna Adi likhe gaye / zrI jaina satyaprakAza, varSa 7, dIpotsavI aMka (1949) pRSTha 81 / 5. DA0 bruno ne tibbatI se isakA anuvAda kiyA hai| unhoMne use san 1902 meM lipijiga meM chapavAyA hai| sisTams grApha saMskRta grAmara, pairA0 naM 0 42 / 6. cAndravRtti jarmana saMskaraNa, pRSTha 513 /

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prAcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 655 'candrastu sauhRdamiti hRdayasyANi hRdAdezo na hRduttarapadam, hRdbhgetyuttrpdaadaijbhaavmaah|" cAndravRtti 6 / 1 / 29 meM yaha pATha isa prakAra hai'sauhRdamiti hRdayasyANi hRdAdezo, hRduttarapadam / ' 2-vahI punaH likhatA hai'mantUz2a - mantUyati mantUyate iti candraH / yaha pATha cAndravyAkaraNa 1 / 1 / 36 kI TIkA meM upalabdha hotA 3-sAyaNAcArya ne bhI uparyukta pATha ko candra ke nAma se uddhRta kiyA hai| isI prakAra anyatra bhI kaI sthAnoM meM vardhamAna aura 10 sAyaNa ne isa cAndravRtti ko cAndra ke nAma se uddhRta kiyA hai / / athavA yaha sambhava ho sakatA hai ki dharmadAsa ne cAndravRtti kA hI . usI ke zabdoM meM saMkSepa kiyA ho| isa pakSa meM bhI prAcArya candra kI svopajJavRtti kA prAmANya tadvat hI rahatA hai| ___ kazyapa bhikSu (saM0 1257) bauddha bhikSu kazyapa ne saM0 1257 ke lagabhaga cAndra sUtroM para vRtti likhii| isakA nAma 'bAlabodhinI' hai| yaha vatti laMkA meM bahata prasiddha hai| DA. belvAlkara ne likhA hai ki kazyapa ne cAndravyAkaraNa ke anurUpa bAlAvabodha' nAmaka vyAkaraNa likhA, vaha varadarAja kI laghukaumudI se milatA julatA hai| hama isa ke viSaya meM kucha nahIM 20 jaante| cAndravyAkaraNa ke viSaya jo mahAnubhAva vistAra se jAnanA cAheM ve DA. harSanAtha mizra kA 'cAndravyAkaraNavatteH samAlocanAtmakamadhyayanam' nAmaka zodha prabandha dekheN| 25 - 1. gaNaratnamahodadhi pRSTha 227 / 2. gaNaratnamahodadhi pRSTha 242 / 3. dhAtuvRtti pRsstth/404| 4. kItha viracita 'saMskRta sAhitya kA itihAsa' pRSTha 431 / 5, sisTamsa Apha saMskRta grAmara pairAgrApha naM0 46 /

Page #693
656 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 3. kSapaNaka (vi0 prathama zatAbdI) vyAkaraNa ke katipaya granyoM meM kucha uddharaNa aise upalabdha hote haiM, jina se kSapaNaka kA vyAkaraNa-pravaktRtva byakta hotA hai / yathA 'ata eva nAvamAtmAnaM manyate iti vigRhya paratvAdanena hrasvatvaM bAdhitvA amAgame sati nAvaMmanye kSapaNakavyAkaraNe darzitama / " isI prakAra tantrapradIpa meM bhI kSapaNakavyAkaraNe mahAnyAse' ullekha milatA hai| ina nirdezoM se spaSTa hai ki kisI kSapaNaka nAmA vaiyAkaraNa ne koI zabdAnuzAsana avazya racA thA / paricaya tathA kAla kAlidAsaviracita 'jyotirvidAbharaNa' nAmaka grantha meM vikrama ko sabhA ke navaratnoM ke nAma likhe haiN| una meM eka anyatama nAma kSapaNaka bhI haiN| kaI aitihAsikoM kA mata hai ki jaina AcArya siddhasena divAkara kA hI dUsarA nAma kSapaNaka hai| siddhasena divAkara vikrama kA samakAlika hai,yaha jaina granyoM meM prasiddha hai / siddhasena apane samaya kA mahAn paNDita thA / jaina AcArya devanandI ne apane jainendra nAmaka vyAkaraNa meM prAcArya siddhasena kA vyAkaraNa viSayaka eka mata udadhata kiyA hai| usase pratIta hotA hai ki siddhasena divAkara ne koI zabdAnuzAsana avazya racA thaa| ataH bahata sambhava hai, kSapaNaka 1. aura siddhasena divAkara donoM nAma eka hI vyakti ke hoN| yadi yaha ThIka ho, to nizcaya hI kSapaNaka mahArAja vikrama kA samakAlika hogaa| prAcIna vaiyAkaraNoM ke anukaraNa para kSapaNaka ne bhI apane zabdAnu1. tantrapradIpa 1 // 4 // 55 // bhAratakaumudI bhAga 2, pRSTha 863 para 25 uddhRta / 2. tantrapradIpa, dhAtupradIpa kI bhUmikA meM 4 / 1 / 155 saMkhyA nirdiSTa hai, puruSotamadeva ne paribhASAvRtti kI bhUmikA meM 4 / 1 / 135 saMkhyA dI hai / 3. dhanvantariH kSapaNako'marasiMhazaGkhuvetAlabhaTTaghaTakharparakAlidAsAH / khyAto varAhamiharo nRpateH sabhAyAM ratnAni vai vararucirnava vikramasya / / 20 / 10 / / 4. saMskRta sAhitya kA saMkSipta itihAsa pR0 244 / 5. vetteH siddhasenasya / 5 / 1 / 7 //

Page #694
83 AcArya pANini se acIna vaiyAkaraNa : 657 zAsana ke dhAtupATha, uNAdisUtra Adi avazya race hoNge| parantu una kA spaSTa ullekha kahIM nahIM miltaa| ujjvaladattaviracita uNAdivRtti meM kSapaNaka ke nAma se eka aisA pATha uddhRta hai, jisase pratIta hotA hai ki kSapaNaka ne uNAdisUtroM kI koI vyAkhyA racI thii| ve sUtra nizcaya hI usake sva-prokta hoNge| svopanavRtti kSapaNaka-viracita uNAdivRtti kA ullekha hama Upara kara cuke haiN| usase sambhAvanA hotI hai ki kSapaNaka ne apane zabdAnuzAsana para bhI koI vRtti avazya racI hogii| maitreyarakSita ne tantrapradIpa meM likhA _ 'prata eva nAvamAtmAnaM manyate iti vigrahaparatvAdanena hrasvatvaM bAdhitvA pramAgame sati 'nAvaMmanye' iti zrapaNakavyAkaraNe darzitam' / ___ yaha pATha nizcaya hI kisI kSapaNaka-vRtti se uddhRta kiyA gayA kSapaNaka mahAnyAsa maitreyarakSita ne tantrapradIpa 4 / 1 / 155 vA 1353 meM 'kSapaNaka mahAnyAsa' ko uddhRta kiyA hai / yaha grantha kisakI racanA hai, yaha ajJAta hai / 'mahAnyAsa' meM lage hue 'mahA' vizeSaNa se vyakta hai ki 'kSapaNaka' vyAkaraNa para koI nyAsa grantha bhI racA gayA thaa| . kSapaNaka-vyAkaraNa ke sambandha meM hameM isase adhika kucha jJAta 20 nhiiN| 4. devanandI (saM0 500 vi0 se pUrva) AcArya devanando apara nAma pUjyapAda ne 'janendra' saMjJaka eka zabdAnuzAsana racA hai / AcArya devanandI ke kAla Adi ke viSaya meM 25 hama 'aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra' prakaraNa meM vistAra se likha cuke haiN| 1. kSapaNakavRttI patra 'iti' zabda Adyarthe vyaakhyaatH| pRSTha 60 / 2. dra0--pUrva pRSTha 656 Ti0 1 / 3. dra0-pUrva pRSTha 656, Ti0 2 / 4. dra0-pUrva pRSTha 486-467 /

Page #695
10 saMskRta vyAkaraNa- zAstra kA itihAsa jainendra nAma kA kAraNa anuzruti - vinaya vijaya aura lakSmIvallabha Adi 18 vIM zatI ke jaina vidvAnoM ne bhagavAn mahAvIra dvArA indra ke lie prokta hone se isakA nAma jainendra huA aisA mAnA haiM / DA0 kIlahArna ne bhI kalpasUtra kI samaya sundara kRta TIkA aura lakSmIvallabha kRta upadeza- mAlAkarNikA ke AdhAra para ise mahAvIraprokta svIkAra kiyA hai|' 658 hamAre vicAra meM ye saba lekha jainendra meM bartamAna ' indra' pada kI bhrAnti se prasUta haiM / vAstavika kAraNa - jainendra kA artha hai - jinendreNa proktam grarthAt jinendra dvArA prokta / jainendra vyAkaraNa devanandI prokta hai, yaha pUrNatayA pramANita ho cukA hai / isase yaha bhI spaSTa hotA hai ki prAcArya deva15 nandI para nAma pUjyapAda kA eka nAma jinendra bhI thA / jainendra vyAkaraNa ke do saMskaraNa 30 haribhadra ne AvazyakIya sUtravRtti meM aura hemacandra ne yogazAstra ke prathama prakAza meM mahAvIra dvArA indra ke lie prokta vyAkaraNa kA nAma aindra hai aisA likhA hai / ' jainendra vyAkaraNa ke samprati do saMskaraNa upalabdha hote haiM / eka praudIcya, dUsarA dAkSiNAtya / praudIcya saMskaraNa meM lagabhaga tIna 1 sahasra sUtra haiM, aura dAkSiNAtya saMskaraNa meM tIna sahasra sAta sau sUtra 20 upalabdha hote haiM / dAkSiNAtya saMskaraNa meM na kevala 700 sUtra hI adhika haiM, apitu zataza: sUtroM meM parivartana aura parivardhana bhI upalabdha hotA haiM / praudIcya saMskaraNa kI abhayanandI kRta mahAvRtti meM bahuta se vArtika milate haiM, parantu dAkSiNAtya saMskaraNa meM ve vArtika prAyaH sUtrAntargata haiM / ataH yaha vicAraNIya ho jAtA hai ki pUjyapAda25 viracita mUla sUtrapATha kauna sA hai / jainendra kA mUla sUtrapATha jainendra vyAkaraNa ke dAkSiNAtya saMskaraNa ke saMpAdaka paM0 zrIlAla zAstrI ne yaha siddha karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai ki dAkSiNAtya saMskaraNa 1. 'jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa' pRSTha 22-24 (dvi0 saM0) /

Page #696
10 AcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa - 656 / hI pUjyapAdaviracita hai| unhoMne isa viSaya meM jo hetu diye haiM, unameM mukhya hetu isa prakAra haiM___ tattvArthasUtra 116 kI svaviracita sarvArthasiddhi' nAmnI vyAkhyA meM pUjyapAda ne likhA hai ki pramANanayaradhigamaH' sUtra meM alpAntara hone se naya zabda kA pUrva prayoga honA cAhiye, parantu ahita hone se 5 bahvaca pramANa zabda kA pUrva prayoga kiyA hai| jainendra vyAkaraNa ke audIcya saMskaraNa meM isa prakAra kA koI lakSaNa nahIM hai, jisase bahvac pramANa zabda kA pUrva nipAta ho sake / dAkSiNAtya saMskaraNa meM isa artha kA prAtipAdaka 'aya'm" sUtra upalabdha hotA hai| ataH dAkSiNAtya saMskaraNa hI pUjyapAda viracita hai|' - paM0 zrIlAlajI kA yaha lekha pramANazUnya hai / yadi dAkSiNAtya saMskaraNa hI pUjyapAdaviracita hotA, to ve 'abhyahitatvAt' aisA na likhakara 'aya'tvAt' likhate / pUjyapAda kA yaha lekha hI batA rahA hai ki unakI dRSTi meM 'aya'm' sUtra nahIM hai| unhoMne pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke 'abhyahitaM ca' vArtika ko dRSTi meM rakhakara 'abhyahitatvAt' 15 likhA hai / sarvArthasiddhi meM anyatra bhI kaI sthAnoM meM anya vaiyAkaraNoM / ke lakSaNa uddhRta kiye haiM / yathA 1-tattvArthasUtra 5 / 4 kI sarvArthasiddhi TIkA meM nitya zabda ke nirvacana meM 'nedhruve tyaH' vacana uddhRta kiyA hai| yaha 'tyab neve vaktavyam' isa kAtyAyana vArtika kA anuvAda hai| jainendra vyAkaraNa 20 meM isa prakaraNa meM 'tya' pratyaya hI nahIM hai| isaliye abhayanandI ne 'Dye stuTa ca" sUtra kI vyAkhyA meM 'nebuvaH' upasaMkhyAna karake nitya zabda kI siddhi darzAI hai| dAkSiNAtya saMskaraNa meM nitya zabda kI vyutpati hI upalabdha nahIM hotii| ___tattvArthasUtra 4 / 22 kI sarvArthasiddhiTIkA meM 'QtAyAM taparakaraNe 25 madhyamavilambitayorupasaMkhyAnam' vacana par3hA hai / yaha pANini ke 'taparastatkAlasya sUtra para kAtyAyana kA vAttika hai| ataH dAkSiNAtya saMskaraNa meM kevala 'abhyahitaM ca' ke samAnArthaka 1 zabdAgavandrikA 1 / 3 / 15 // 2. zabdArNavacandrikA kI bhUmikA / 3. vAttika 4 / 2 / 104 // 4.3 / 2 / 81 // 5. aSTA0 111170 //

Page #697
saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 'aya'm' sUtra kI upalabdhi hone vaha pUjyapAdaviracita nahIM ho sktaa| aba hama eka aisA pramANa upasthita karate haiM, jisase isa vivAda kA sadA ke liye anta ho jAtA hai / aura spaSTatayA siddha ho jAtAhai ki praudIcya saMskaraNa hI pUjyapAda viracita hai, na ki dAkSiNAtya saMskaraNa / yathA. 'pAdAvupajJopakrama" sUtra ke dAkSiNAtya saMskaraNa kI zabdArNavacandrikA TIkA meM 'devopajJamanekazeSavyAkaraNam' udAharaNa upalabdha hotA hai| yaha udAharaNa audIcya saMskaraNa kI abhayanandI kI mahAvRtti meM bhI milatA hai / isa udAharaNa se vyakta hai ki devanandI viracita vyA10 karaNa meM ekazeSa prakaraNa nahIM thaa| dAkSiNAtya saMskaraNa meM 'cArthe dvandvaH sUtra ke anantara dvAdazasUtrAtmaka ekazeSa prakaraNa upalabdha hotA hai / audIcya saMskaraNa meM na kevala ekazeSa prakaraNa kA abhAva hI hai, apitu usakI anAvazyakatA kA dyotaka sUtra bhI par3A hai-svAbhAvi katvAdabhidhAnasyakazeSAnArambhaH' / arthAt arthAbhidhAnazakti ke svA15 bhAvika hone se ekazeSa prakaraNa nahIM pddh'aa| isa pramANa se spaSTa hai ki pUjyapAdaviracita mUla grantha vahI hai, jisa meM ekazeSa prakaraNa nahIM hai / aura vaha audIcya saskaraNa hI hai, na ki dAkSiNAtya saMskaraNa / vastutaH dAkSiNAtya saMskaraNa jainendra vyAkaraNa kA pariSkRta rUpAntara hai| isakA vAstavika nAma 'zabdArNava vyAkaraNa' hai| pahale hama pUjyapAda ke mUla jainendra vyAkaraNa arthAt audIcya saMskaraNa ke viSaya meM likhate haiM jainendra vyAkaraNa kI vizeSatA - hama Upara likha cuke haiM ki jainendra ke donoM saMskaraNoM kI TIkAoM meM devopajJamanekazeSavyAkaraNam" udAharaNa milatA hai / isa udAharaNa 20 se vyakta hotA hai ki ekazeSa prakaraNa se rahita vyAkaraNazAstra kI 1 audIcya saM0 11467 // dA0 saM0 1 / 4 / 114 // 2. dA0 saM0 113 // 66 // 3. audIcya saM0 1 / 1 / 97 sampAdaka ke pramAda se mudrita grantha meM yaha sUtra vRttyantargata hI chapA hai / dekho pRSTha 52 / 4. au0 saM0 11467 // dA0 sa0 1 / 4 / 114 // 30

Page #698
AcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa / racanA saba se pUrva AcArya devanandI ne kI hai / ataH jainendravyAkaraNa kI vizeSatA 'ekazeSa prakaraNa na rakhanA hai' / parantu yaha vizeSatA jainendra vyAkaraNa kI nahIM hai, aura nA hI prAcArya pUjyapAda kI svo - pajJA hai / jainendra vyAkaraNa se kaI zatAbdI pUrva racita cAndravyAkaraNa meM bhI ekazeSa prakaraNa nahIM hai / candrAcArya ko ekazeSa kI anA- 5 vazyakatA kA jJAna mahAbhASya se huA / usameM likhA hai - 'praziSya ekazeSa ekenoktatvAt zrarthAbhidhAnaM svAbhAvikam' / ' arthAt zabda kI arthAbhidhAna zakti ke svAbhAvika hone se eka zabda se bhI aneka arthoM kI pratIta ho jAtI hai, ataH ekazeSa prakaraNa anAvazyaka hai / mahAbhASya se prAcIna aSTAdhyAyI kI mAthurI vRtti ke anusAra bhagavAn pANini ne svayaM ekazeSa kI praziSyatA kA pratipAdana kiyA thA / ataH ekazeSa prakaraNa ko na rakhanA jainendravyAkaraNa kI vizeSatA nahIM hai, yaha spaSTa hai | pratIta hotA hai ki TIkAkAroM ne prAcIna cAndravyAkaraNa aura mahAbhASya Adi kA samyag anuzIlana nahIM kiyA / ata eva unhoMne jainendra kI yaha vizeSatA likha dI / 10 661 15 jainendra vyAkaraNa kI dUsarI vizeSatA alpAkSara saMjJAeM kahI jA sakatI haiM, parantu yaha bhI prAcArya devanandI kI svopajJA nahIM hai / pANinIya tantra meM bhI 'gha' 'ghu' 'Ti' Adi aneka ekAc saMjJAeM upalabdha hotI haiM / zAstra meM lAghava do prakAra hotA hai - zabdakRta aura arthakRta / zabdakRta lAghava kI apekSA arthakRta lAghava kA mahattva 20 vizeSa hai / ataH paramparA se lokaprasiddha bahvakSara saMjJAnoM ke sthAna meM navIna alpAkSara saMjJAeM banAne meM kiMcit zabdakRta lAghava hone para bhI prArthakRta gaurava bahuta bar3ha jAtA hai, aura zAstra vilaSTa ho jAtA hai / ta eva pANinIya tantra kI apekSA jainendra vyAkaraNa kliSTa hai / paJcAGga vyAkaraNa-jainendra vyAkaraNa sUtrapATha, dhAtupATha, gaNapATha, 1. tulanA karo - pANinyupajJamakAlakaM vyAkaraNam / kAzikA 2 / 4 / 21 / / 'candropajJamasaMjJakaM vyAkaraNam / cAndravRtti 2 / 2 / 68 / 25 2. mahAbhASya 112 // 64 // 3. mAthuryAM tu vRttAvaziSyagrahaNamApAdamanuvartate / bhASAvRtti 1 / 2 / 50 / / dekho pUrva pRSTha 484 // 30 4. dekho pUrva pRSTha 246, Ti05 / .

Page #699
662 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa uNAdipATha tathA liGgAnuzAsana sahita pAMca aGgoM se pUrNa vyAkaraNa hai| dhAtupATha Adi kA varNana Age yathAsthAna kiyA jaayegaa| - jainendra vyAkaraNa kA AdhAra jainendra vyAkaraNa kA mukhya AdhAra pANinIya vyAkaraNa hai, kahIM 5 kahIM para cAndra vyAkaraNa se bhI sahAyatA lI hai| yaha bAta inakI pArasparika tulanA se spaSTa ho jAtI hai / jainendra vyAkaraNa meM pUjyapAda ne zrIdata,' yazobhadra, bhUtabali, prabhAcandra, siddhasena aura samantabhadraH ina 6 prAcIna jaina AcAryoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| 'jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa' ke lekhaka paM0 nAthUrAmajI premI kA mata hai ki 10 ina prAcAryoM ne koI vyAkaraNazAstra nahIM racA thaa| hamArA vicAra hai ki ukta AcAryoM ne vyAkaraNagrantha avazya race the| jainendra vyAkaraNa ke vyAkhyAtA jainendra vyAkaraNa para aneka vidvAnoM ne vyAkhyAeM rcii| AyazratakItti paJcavastuprakriyA ke anta meM jainendra vyAkaraNa kI vizAla 15 rAjaprAsAda se upamA detA hai| usake lekhAnusAra isa vyAkaraNa para nyAsa, bhASya, vatti aura TIkA Adi aneka vyAkhyAeM likhI gaI / unameM se samprati kevala 4, 5 vyAkhyAgrantha upalabdha hote haiN| 1-devanandI (saM0 500 vi0 se pUrva) hama 'aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra' prakaraNa meM likha cuke haiM ki 20 AcArya devanandI ne apane vyAkaraNa para jainendra saMjJaka nyAsa likhA thaa| yaha nyAsa grantha samprati anupalabdha hai| 1. guNe zrIdattasyAstriyAm / 1 / 4 / 34 // 2. kRvRSimRjAM yazobhadrasya 2 / 1 / 66 // 3. rAd bhUtabaleH / 3 / 4 / 83 // 4. rAtraiH kRti prabhAcandrasya / 4 / 3 / 180 // 5. vetteH siddhasenasya / 5 / 1 / 7 // 6. catuSTayaM samantabhadrasya 5 / 4 / 140 // 7. dra0 pUrva pRSTha 610 / 8. sUtrastambhasamudadhRtaM pravilasan nyAsorUratnakSitiH zrImadvattikapATasaMpUTayugaM bhASyo'tha zayyAtalam / TIkAmAlamihArurukSuracitaM jainendrazabdAgamaM prAsAda 30 pRthu paJvavastukamidaM sopAnamArohatAt / 6. pUrva pRSTha 460 /

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AcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 663 2-abhayanandI (saM0 974-1035 vi0) abhayanandI ne jainendra vyAkaraNa para eka vistRta vRtti likhI hai| yaha 'mahAvRtti' ke nAma se prasiddha hai / isa vRtti kA parimANa 12000 bAraha sahasra zloka hai / granthakAra ne apanA kucha bhI paricaya sva-grantha meM nahIM diyaa| ataH abhayanandI kA deza kAla ajJAta hai| 5 pUrvApara kAla meM nirmita granthoM meM nirdiSTa raddharaNoM ke AdhAra para abhayanandI kA jo kAla mAnA jA sakatA hai, usakI upapatti mIce darzAte haiM / yathA 1-abhayanandI kRta mahAvRtti 3 / 2 / 55 meM 'tattvArthavArtikamadhIte' udAharaNa milatA hai / tattvArthavArtika bhaTTa akalaGka kI racanA 10 hai| akalaGka kA kAla vi0 saM0 700 ke lagabhaga hai|' yaha isakI pUrva sImA hai| ___ 2-vardhamAna ne 'gaNaratnamahodadhi' (kAla 1197 vi0) meM abhayanandI svIkRta pATha kA nirdeza kiyA hai| ataH abhayanandI vi0 saM0 1167 se pUrvavartI hai| yaha isakI uttara sImA hai| 15 . 3-prabhAcandrAcArya ne 'zabdAmbhojabhAskara-nyAsa' ke tRtIya adhyAya ke anta meM abhayanandI ko namaskAra kiyA hai| zabdAmbhojabhAskara-nyAsa kA racanAkAla saM0 1110-1125 taka hai, yaha hama anupada likheMge / ataH abhayanandI saM0 1110 se pUrvavartI hai, yaha spaSTa __ 4-candraprabhacarita mahAkAvya ke kartA vIranandI kA kAla saM0 1035 (zakAbda 600) ke lagabhaga hai| vIranandI kI guruparamparA isa prakAra hai 1. akalaGka carita meM prakalaGka kA bauddhoM ke sAtha mahAn vAda kA kAla vikramAbda zatAbdIya 700 diyA hai| bhAratabarSa kA bRhad itihAsa bhAga 1, 25 pRSTha 124, dvi0 saM0 / saMskRta-sAhitya kA saMkSipta itihAsa, pRSTha 173 meM I0 san 750 likhA hai| 2. jaina abhayanandisvIkRto pitRkamAtRka zabdAvapi saMgRhItau / 3. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, pra0 saM0 pRSTha 111; dvi0 saM0 pRSTha 38 /

Page #701
664 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa zrIgaNanandI vibudhanandI. abhayanandI vIranandI .. - yadi vIranandI kA guru abhayanandI hI mahAvRtti kA racayitA ho, to usakA kAla saM0 1035 se pUrva nizcita hai / 10 5-zrI ambAlAla premacanda zAha ne abhayanandI kA kAla I0 san 660 (=vi0 saM0 1017) ke lagabhaga mAnA hai|' 6 -DA0 belvAlkara ne abhayanandI kA kAla I0 san 750 (vi0 saM0 807) svIkAra kiyA hai|' ina saba pramANoM ke AdhAra para hamArA vicAra hai ki abhayanandI 15 kA kAla sAmAnyatayA vi0 saM0 800-1035 ke madhya hai| bahuta sambhava hai ki vIranandI kA guru hI mahAvRttikAra abhayanandI ho, usa avasthA meM abhayanandI kA kAla vi0 saM0 675-1035 ke madhya yukta hogaa| 'pAlyakIti prokta zAkaTAyana-tantra kI svopajJa amoghA vRtti kA 20 abhayanandI viracita mahAvRtti ke sAtha tulanA karane se jJAta hotA hai ki amoghAvRtti para jainendra mahAvRtti kA bahuta prabhAva hai / ataH abhayanandI kA kAla pAlyakIrti (vi0 saM0 871-624) se pUrva honA caahiye| .. ... mahAvRtti kA navIna saMskaraNa-abhayanandI kRta sampUrNa mahAvRtti 25 kA saMskaraNa saM0 2013 meM 'bhAratIya jJAnapITha kAzI' se chapA hai / sampAdaka ko jainendra vyAkaraNa kA jJAna na hone se yaha saMskaraNa bahutra azuddha mUdrita huyA hai| dra0 isa saMskaraNa ke prArambha meM mudrita hamArA 'jainendra zabdAnuzAsana aura usa ke khilapATha' zIrSaka lekha (pRSTha 53 54) / isa saMskaraNa meM saba se bhArI bhUla yaha rahI ki jainendra ke . 30 1. jaina satyaprakAza, varSa 7, dIpotsavI aka (1641) pRSTha 83 / 2. sisTams zrApha saMskRta grAmara, pairA 50 /

Page #702
84. AcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 665 pratyAhAra sUtroM kA mudraNa hI nahIM huaA / dra0 isI saMskaraNa ke prArambha meM mudrita 'do zabba' pRSTha 14 / / 3-prabhAcandrAcArya (saM0 1075-1125 vi0) prAcArya prabhAcandra ne jainendra vyAkaraNa para 'zabdAmbhojabhAskaranyAsa' nAmnI mahatI vyAkhyA likhI hai / zabdAmbhojabhAskara kI 5 puSpikA ke lekha se vidita hotA hai ki prAcArya prabhAcandra ne isa vyAkhyA kA praNayana jayadevasiMha ke rAjyakAla meM kiyA thaa| prabhAcandrAcArya mAlavA ke dhArAnagarI ke nivAsI the| yaha vyAkhyA abhayanandI kI mahAvRtti se bhI vistRta hai / isa. kA parimANa 1600 solaha sahasra zloka mAnA jAtA hai| parantu isa samaya samagra upalabdha nahIM hotii| 10 isa kI a0 4, pAda 3, sUtra 211 taka kI hI hastalikhita pratiyAM prApta hotI haiM / __prabhAcandra ne 'zabdAmbhojabhAskaranyAsa' ke tRtIya adhyAya ke anta meM abhayanandI ko namaskAra kiyA hai / ataH yaha abhayanandI se uttaravartI hai, yaha spaSTa hai| __ prameyakamalamArtaNDa aura nyAyakumudacandra kA kartA bhI yahI prabhAcandra hai, kyoMki usane ina donoM granthoM meM nirUpita anekAnta carcA kA ullekha zabdAmbhojabhAskaranyAsa ke prArambha meM kiyA hai| prameyakamalamArtaNDa ke antima lekha me. vidita hotA hai ki prabhAcandra ne yaha 1. zrIjayadevasiMharAjye zrImaddhArAnivAsinA. parAparapaJcaparameSThipramANopAjitAmalapuNyanirAkRtanikhilamalakalaGkena zrImatprabhASandrapaNDitena / zabdAmbhojabhAskara kI puSpikA lekha / dra0-zrI jaina satyaprakAza' patrikA varSa 7 aMka 1-2-3 (dIpotsavI maka) pRSTha 83 / 2. isI pRSTha kI Ti0 1-5, tathA pRSTha 666 kI Ti0 3 / 3. saM0 prA0 jaina vyAkaraNa aura koza kI paramparA, pRSTha 56 / / 4. vahI, pRSTha 56 / 5 ko'yamanekAnto nAmetyAha-astitvanAstitvanityatvaMsAmAnyAsAmAnyAdhikaraNyavizeSaNavizeSyAdiko'nekAntaH svabhAvI yasyArthasyAsAvanekAnta: anekAntAtmaka ityarthaH.....tathA prapaMcataH prameyakamalamArtaNDe nyAyakumudacandra ca pratimirUpitamiha draSTavyam /

Page #703
666 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa grantha mahArAja bhoja ke kAla meM racA hai|' mahArAja bhoja kA rAjyakAla saM0 1078-1110 taka hai| prabhAcandra ne ArAdhanAkayAkoza bhoja ke uttarAdhikArI jayadevasiMha ke rAjyakAla meM likhA hai|' zabdAmbhojabhAskaranyAsa kI racanA bhI mahArAja jayadevasiMha ke kAla 5 meM hI huI, yaha usakI puSpikA ke lekha se vidita hotA hai| ... ____ ina pramANoM se spaSTa hai ki prabhAcandra kA kAla sAmAnyatayA saM0 1075-1125 taka mAnanA cAhiye / 4-bhASyakAra ? (saM0 1200 vi0 se pUrva) ... Arya zrutakIti apanI paJcavastu prakriyA ke anta meM likhatA - 'vRttikapATasaMpuTayugaM bhASyo'tha shyyaatlm'| isa se vidita hotA hai ki jainendra vyAkaraNa para koI bhASya nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI gaI thii| isake lekhaka kA nAma ajJAta hai, aura yaha bhASya bhI samprati anupalabdha hai| 15 Arya zrutakIrti kA kAla vikrama kI 12 vIM zatI kA prathama caraNa hai, yaha hama isI prakaraNa meM anupada likheMge / ataH usake dvArA smRta bhASya kA racayitA vi0 saM0 1200 se pUrva bhAvI hogA, itanA nizcita hai| , 5-mahAcandra (20 vIM zatAbdI vi0) ... 20 paNDita mahAcandra ne laghu jainendra nAmnI eka vRtti likhI hai| yaha grantha vikrama kI 20 vIM zatAbdI kA hai| yaha vRtti abhayanandI kI mahAvRtti ke AdhAra para likhI gaI hai| 1. zrImadbhojadevarAjye zrImaddhArAnivAsinA parAparaparameSThipadapramANAjitAmalapuNyanirAkRtanikhilamalakalakena , zrImatprabhAcandrapaNDitena 25 nikhilapramANaprameyasvarUpodyotaparIkSAmukhapadamidaM vivRtamiti / __2 zrImajjayadevasiMharAjye zrImaddhArAnivAsinA ... zrImatprabhAcandrapaNDitena ArAdhanAsatkathAprabandhaH kRtH| ., 3. zrIjayasiMhadevarAjye zrImaddhArAnivAsinA . parAparaparameSThipraNAmopAjitAmalapuNyanirAkRtanikhilamalakalaGkena zrImatprabhAvacandrapaNDitenu / zabdA30 mbhojabhAskarapuSpikA no lekha / 'zrI jaina satyaprakAza' varSa 7 dIpotsavI aMka / pRSTha 83 Ti. 34 /

Page #704
prAcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 667 prakriyAgranthakAra 1-prArya zrutakIti (saM0 1225 vi0). ___Arya zrutakIrti ne jainendra vyAkaraNa para 'paJcavastu' nAmaka prakriyAgrantha racA hai / kannar3a bhASA ke candraprabhacarita ke kartA aggaladeva ne zrutakItti ko apanA guru likhA hai / candraprabhacarita kI racanA 5 zakAbda 1011 (vi0 saM0 1146) meM huI hai| yadi aggaladeva kA guru zrutakIrti hI paJcavastuprakriyA grantha kA racayitA ho, to zrutikIrti kA kAla vikrama kI 12 vIM zatAbdI kA prathama caraNa hogA / nandI saMgha kI paTTAvalI meM kisI zrutakIti ko vaiyAkaraNa bhAskara .. kahA gayA hai-vidyazrutakIyAkhyo vaiyaakrnnbhaaskrH|' hamAre 10 vicAra meM vidyazrutakIti Arya zrutakIrti se bhinna uttara kAlika vyakti hai| 2-vaMzIdhara (20 vIM zatAbdI vi0) paM0 vaMzIdhara ne abhI hAla meM jainendraprakriyA grantha likhA hai| isakA kevala pUrvArdha hI prakAzita huA hai| . 15 jainendra vyAkaraNa kA dAkSiNAtya saMskaraNa - jainendra vyAkaraNa kA 'dAkSiNAtya saMskaraNa' ke nAma se jo grantha prasiddha hai, vaha prAcArya devanandI kI kRti nahIM hai, yaha hama sapramANa likha cuke haiM / isa grantha kA bAstavika nAma 'zabdArNava' hai| zabdArNava kA saMskartA-guNanandI (saM0 910-960 vi0) 20 ___prAcArya devanandI ke janendra vyAkaraNa meM parivartana aura parivardhana karake use navIna rUpa meM pariSkRta karane vAlA AcArya guNanandI hai / isameM nimna hetu haiM 1-somadeva sUri ne 'zabdArNava' para 'candrikA' nAmbI laghvI TIkA likhI hai| usake anta meM vaha apanI TIkA ko gaNanandI vira- 25 cita zabdArNava meM praveza karane ke liye naukA samAna likhatA hai / ' 1. saM0 prA0 jaina vyA0 aura koza kI paramparA- pRSTha 57 / / 2. zrIsomadevayatinirmitamAdadhAti yA nauH pratIvaguNananditazabdArNavAbdhau /

Page #705
saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa TIkA kA 'zabdArNavacandrikA' nAma bhI tabhI upapanna hotA hai jaba ki mUla grantha kA nAma 'zabdArNava' ho| 2. jainendraprakriyA ke nAma se prakAzita grantha ke antima zloka meM likhA hai-guNanandI ne jisake zarIra ko vistRta kiyA hai, usa zabdA5 Nava meM praveza karane ke liye yaha prakriyA sAkSAt naukA ke samAna hai / ' ina pramANoM se spaSTa hai ki prAcArya guNanandI ne hI mUla jainendra vyAkaraNa meM parivartana aura parivardhana karake use isa rUpa meM sampAdita kiyA hai aura guNanandI dvArA sampAdita grantha kA nAma 'zabdArNava' hai| ata eva somadeva sUri ne apanI vRtti ke prArambha meM pUjyapAda ke 10 sAtha guNanandI ko bhI namaskAra kiyA hai| isI prakAra 'zabdArNava' ke dhAtupATha meM curAdigaNa ke anta meM guNanandI kA nAmollekha bhI tabhI susambaddha ho sakatA hai, jaba ki zabdArNava kA sambandha guNanandI ke sAtha ho| kAla 15 jaina sampradAya meM guNanandI nAma ke kaI prAcArya hue haiN| ataH kisa guNanandI ne zabdArNava kA sampAdana kiyA, yaha ajJAta hai / jaina zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa jainendra zabdAnuzAsana kI apekSA adhika pUrNa hai, usa meM kisI prakAra ke upasaMkhyAna Adi kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai|' pratIta hotA hai, guNanandI ne jaina zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa kI pUrNatA ko dekha kara hI pUjyapAda viracita zabdAnuzAsana ko pUrNa karane kA vicAra kiyA ho aura usa meM parivartana tathA parivardhana karake use isa rUpa meM sampAdita kiyA ho / zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa amoghavarSa (prathama) ke rAjyakAla meM likhA gayA hai / amoghavarSa kA rAjyakAla saM0 1. saiSA zrIguNananditAnitavapuH zabdArNavanirNaya, nAvasyAzrayatAM 25 vivikSumanasAM sAkSAt svayaM prkriyaa| . 2. zrIpUjyapAdamamalaM guNanandidevaM somAvaravratipUjitapAdayugmam / 3. zabdabrahmA sa jIyAd guNanidhiguNanandivratIza: susaukhyaH / / - 4. iSTirneSTA na vaktavyaM vaktavyaM sUtrataH pRthak / saMkhyAtaM nopasaMkhyAnaM yasya zabdAnuzAsane / cintAmaNi TIkA ke prArambha meN| 30 5. isa ke viSaya meM vistAra se Age zAkaTAyana ke prakaraNa meM likheNge|

Page #706
AcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 871-624 taka hai / ataH zabdArNava kI racanA usa ke anantara kAla kI hai| __ zravaNavelgola ke 42, 43 aura 47 veM zilAlekha meM kisI guNanandI prAcArya kA ullekha milatA hai| ye balAkapiccha ke ziSya aura gadhrapiccha ke praziSya the| inheM nyAsa, vyAkaraNa aura sAhitya kA 5 mahAvidvAn likhA hai| ataH sambhava hai ye hI zabdArNava vyAkaraNa ke sampAdaka hoN| karnATakakavicarita ke kartA ne gaNanandI ke praziSya aura devendra ke ziSya pampa kA janmakAla saM0 656 likhA hai / ataH guNanandI kA kAla vikrama kI dazama zatAbdI kA uttarArdha hai| ___ candraprabhacarita mahAkAvya ke kartA vIranandI kA kAla zaka saM0 10 600 (vi0 saM0. 1035) ke lagabhaga hai| vIranandI guNanandI kI ziSya paramparA meM tRtIya pIr3hI maiM hai, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiN|' prati pIr3hI nyUnAtinyUna 25 varSa kA antara mAnakara guNenandI kA kAla saM0 660 ke lagabhaga siddha hotA hai / ataH sthUlatayA guNanandI kA . kAla saM0 610-960 taka mAnanA anucita na hogaa| ... 15 zabdArNava kA vyAkhyAtA-somadeva sUri (saM0 1162) , somadeva sUri ne zabdArNava vyAkaraNa kI 'candrikA' nAmnI alpAkSara vRtti racI hai / yaha vRtti kAzI kI sanAtana jaina granthamAlA meM prakAzita ho cukI hai| ' zabdArNavacandrikA ke prArambha ke dvitIya zloka se vidita hotA hai 20 ki somadevasUri ne yaha vRtti mUlasaMghIya meghacandra ke ziSya nAgacandra (bhujaGgasudhAraka) aura unake ziSya harizcandra yati' ke liye banAI . kAla-zabdArNavacandrikA kI mudrita prati ke anta meM jo prazasti chapI hai una se jJAta hotA hai ki somadeva sUri ne zilAhAra vaMzaja 20 bhojadeva (dvitIya) ke rAjyakAla meM kolhApura ke 'arjarikA' grAma ke 1. tacchiSyo guNanandipaNDitayatizcAritracakrezvaraH, tarkavyAkaraNAdizAstranipuNaH saahityvidyaaptiH| 2. pUrva pRSTha 664 / 3. zrImUlasaMghajalapratibodhamAnomeghendudIkSitabhujaGgasudhAkarasya / rAddhAntatoyanidhivRddhikarasya vRtti rebhe harInduyataye varadIkSitAya //

Page #707
670 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa tribhuvanatilaka nAmaka jainamandira meM zakAbda 1127. (vi. saM. 1262) meM isa TIkA ko pUrNa kiyaa|' zabdArNavaprakriyAkAra ... kisI ajJAtanAmA paNDita ne zabdArNavacandrikA ke AdhAra para 5 zabdArNavaprakriyA grantha likhA hai / isa prakriyA ke prakAzaka mahodaya ne grantha kA nAma jainendraprakriyA aura granthakAra kA nAma guNanandI likhA hai, ye donoM azuddha haiM / pratIta hotA hai,grantha ke anta meM 'saiSA guNananditAnitavapuH zlokAMza dekhakara prakAzaka ne guNanandI nAma kI kalpanA kI hai| 5-vAmana (saM0 350 vA 600 se pUrva) / vAmana ne 'vidhAntavidyAdhara' nAma kA vyAkaraNa racA thaa| isa vyAkaraNa kA ullekha AcArya hemacandra aura vardhamAna sUri ne apane granthoM meM kiyA hai / varSamAna ne gaNaratnamahodadhi meM isa vyAkaraNa ke 15 aneka sUtra uddhRta kiye haiM, aura vAmana ko 'sahRzyacakravartI' upAdhi se vibhUSita kiyA hai|' saMskRta vAG maya meM vAmana nAma ke aneka granthakAra hue haiM / ataH - nAma ke anurodha se kAlanirNaya karanA atyanta kaThina kArya hai / punarapi 20 kAzakuzAvalamba nyAya se hama isake kAlanirNaya kA prayatna karate haiM 1. vikrama kI 12 vIM zatAbdI ke uttarArdha meM vidyamAna prAcArya hemacandra ne haimazabdAnuzAsana kI svopajJaTIkA meM vizrAnta vidyAdhara kA kA ullekha kiyA hai| ... 1. svasti zrIkolhApuradezAMtavaMtyArju rikAmahAsthAna...... * tribhuvana25 tilakajinAlaye ....... zrImacchilAhArakRlakamalamArtaNDa ...... zrIvIrabhoja devavijayarAjye zakavakasahasa saptaziti (1127) tamakrodhanavatsare ........ somadevamunIzvareNa viraciteyaM zabdArNavacandrikA nAmavRttiriti / ..2. sahRdayacakravattinA vAmanena tu hemnaH iti suutrenn"..| pRSTha 168 / .. 3. dra0-Age hemacandra ke prakaraNa meN|

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AcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 671 2. isI kAla kA vardhamAna sUri gaNaratnamahodadhi meM likhatA hai digvastrabhartRharivAmanabhojamukhyA......"vAmano vidhaantvidyaaghrvyaakrnnkrtaa|' 3. prabhAvakacaritAntargata mallavAdI prabandha meM likhA haizabdazAstre ca vishraantvidyaadhrvraabhidhe| .. nyAsaM cakre'lpadhIvRndabodhanAya sphuTArthakam // . . isa se spaSTa hai ki mallavAdI ne vAmanaprokta vizrAntavidyAdhara vyAkaraNa para 'nyAsa' likhA thaa| AcArya hemacandra ne bhI haima vyAkaraNa kI svopajJa TIkA meM isa nyAsa ko uddhRta kiyA hai| isa pramANa ke anusAra vAmana kA kAla nizcaya karane ke liye 10 mallavAdI kA kAla jAnanA Avazyaka hai| ataH prathama mallavAdI ke kAla kA nirNaya karate haiM mallavAdI kA kAla-AcArya mallavAdI kA kAla bhI anizcita hai| ata: hama yahAM una sava pramANoM ko uddhRta karate haiM, jina se mallavAdI ke kAla para prakAza par3atA hai| 1. hemacandra apane vyAkaraNa kI bRhatI TIkA meM likhatA hai'anumallavAdinaH taakikaaH| - 2. dharmakItikRta nyAyavindu para dharmottara nAmaka bauddha vidvAn ne TIkA likhI hai, usa para prAcArya mallavAdI ne dharmottaraTippaNa likhaa| hai| aitihAsika vyakti dharmottara kA kAla vikrama kI sAtavIM zatAbdI 20 mAnate haiN| ..... .. ... . .. ... 3. paM0 nAthUrAma jI premI ne apane 'jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa nAmaka grantha meM likhA hai... 'prAcArya haribhadra ne apane 'anekAntajayapatAkA' nAmaka grantha meM vAdimukhya mallavAdI kRta 'sanmatiTIkA' ke kaI avataraNa diye haiM, 25 1. pRSTha 1, 2 / 2. nirNayasAgara saM0 pRSTha 78 / 3. 2 // 2 // 36 // 4. mohanalAla dalIcanda desAIkRta 'jaina sAhitya no saMkSipta itihAsa, pRSTha 136 /

Page #709
672 saMskRta vyAkaraNa zAstra kA itihAsa aura zraddheya muni jinavijayajI ne anekAneka pramANoM se haribhadra sUri kA samaya vi0 saM0 757 - 827 taka siddha kiyA hai / ataH AcArya mallavAdI vikrama kI AThavIM zatAbdI ke pahale ke vidvAn haiM, yaha nizcaya hai / " hamAre vicAra meM haribhadrasUri vi0 saM0 757 se prAcIna hai / " 4. rAjazekhara sUri kRta prabandhakoza ke anusAra mallavAdI valabhI ke rAjA zIlAditya kA samakAlika haiM / prabandhakoza meM likhA haimallavAdI ne bauddhoM se zAstrArtha karake unheM vahAM se nikAla diyA thA / vi0 saM0 375 meM mlecchoM ke AkramaNa se valabhI kA nAza huA 10 thA, aura usI meM zIlAditya kI mRtyu thI / " paTTAvalIsamuccaya ke anusAra vIranirvANa 845 varSa bItane para valabhIbhaMga huA / kaI vidvAnoM ke matAnusAra bIra saMvat kA Arambha vikrama 470 varSa pUrva huA thA / tadanusAra bhI valabhIbhaMga kA kAla vi0 saM0 375 sthira hotA hai / " prabandhakoza ke sampAdaka zrI jinavijayajI 'vikramAditya15 bhUpAlAt paJcaSatrikavatsare' kA artha 573 kiyA hai, yaha 'prajAnAM vAmato gatiH' niyamAnusAra ThIka nahIM hai| 1. pra0 saM0 pRSTha 164, dvi0 saM0 pRSTha 169 / aisI jaina 165 ) yahI 20 2. haribhadrasUri kA vi0 saM0 585 meM svargavAsa huA thA, saMpradAya meM zrutiparamparA hai (jaina sAhitya no saM0 itihAsa pRSTha kAla ThIka hai / haribhadrasUri ko saM0 757-627 taka mAnane mukhya zrAdhAra itsiMga ke vacanAnusAra bhartRhari aura dharmapAla ko vi0 saM0 700 ke AsapAsa mAnanA hai / insiMga kA bhartRhari viSayaka lekha bhrAntiyukta hai, yaha hama pUrva (pRSTha 387 - 401 taka) likha cuke haiM / meM hamArA vicAra hai pAzcAtya vidvAnoM dvArA nirdhArita cInI yAtriyoM kI tithiyAM bhI yukta nahIM hai| una para punaH vicAra honA cAhie / 25 3. pRSTha 21-22 / vikramAditya bhUpAlAt paJcApatrika ( 375 ) vatsare jAto'yaM valabhIbhaGgo jJAninaH prathamaM yayuH / 4. atrAntare zrI vIrAt paJcacatvAriMzadadhikASTazata 845 varSAtikrame valabhIbhaMga: / pRSTha 50 / 30 5. paTTAvalI samuccaya meM likhA hai- " zrIvIrAt 550 varSa 38 zunyo vaMzaH " / pRSTha 168 / tadanusAra vi0 saM0 huaa| hameM paTTAvalI kA yaha lekha azuddha pratIta hotA hai / vikramavaMzaH, tadanu 295 meM valabhIbhaMga 6. pRSTha 109 /

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85 prAcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 673 'prabandhacintAmaNi' meM eka prAkRta gAthA isa prakAra uddhRta haipaNasayarI vAsasayaM tinnisayAI aikkameUNa / vikkamakAlAU tamo valIhabhaMgo samupanno // yahI gAthA purAtanaprabandhasaMgraha meM bhI pRSTha 83 para uddhRta hai / .. isa gAthA meM bhI vikrama se 375 varSa pIche hI valabhIbhaMga kA 5 ullekha hai| 5. anekAntajayapatAkA (bar3odA, san 1940) kI aMgrejI bhUmikA pRSTha 18 para eka jaina gAthA uddhRta hai vorAmo vayaro vAsANa paNasae dasasaeNa haribhaddo / tehi bapabhaTTI ahiM paNayAla valahi khro|| isa gAthA ke anusAra bhI va tabhIbhaMga vAra saMvat 845 (=vi0 saM0 375) meM huA thA / 6. prabhAvakacarita meM likhA haizrIvIravatsarAdatha zatAdaSTake cturshiitisNyukte| jigye mallavAdI bauddhAMstad vyantarAMzcApi // ' isa ke anusAra mahAvIra saMvat 884 meM mallavAdI ne bauddhoM ko zAstrArtha meM parAjita kiyA thA / vIra saMvat ke Arambha ke viSaya meM jaina granthoM meM aneka mata haiM / 'jaina sAhitya no saMkSipta itihAsa' ke lekhaka ne vikrama se 470 varSa pUrva vIra saMvat kA prArambha mAnakara vi0 saM0 414 meM mallavAdI ke zAstrArtha kA ullekha kiyA hai| 20 ___ yaha kAla saMkhyA 4, 5 ke pramANoM se viruddha hai| yadi prabandhakoza prabandhacintAmaNi, aura purAtanaprabandhakoza meM diyA hayA 375 varSamAna mahArAja vikrama kI mRtyu ke samaya se ginA jAya (jisakI zloka aura gAthA ke zabdoM se adhika sambhAvanA hai) to prabhAvakacarita kA lekha upapanna ho jAtA hai| vikrama kA rAjakAla lagabhaga .. 36 varSa kA thaa| 1. nirNayasAgara saMska0 pRSTha 74 / 2. satyArthaprakAza ke gyArahaveM samullAsa ke anta meM vikrama kA rAjakAla 63 varSa likhA hai / sambhava hai, usa meM vA usa ke mUla meM (jisake AdhAra para

Page #711
saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa prAcIna jaina- paramparA ke anusAra mallavAdI sUri kA kAla vi0 saM0 400 ke lagabhaga nizcita hai / aura vizrAntavidyAdhara para nyAsa grantha likhanevAlA bhI yahI vyakti hai / yadi prabandhakoza ke sampAdaka ke matAnusAra saMvat 573 meM valabhIbhaMga mAneM,' taba bhI mallavAdI saM0 600 se arvAcIna nahIM hai / tadanusAra vizrAntavidyAdhara ke kartA vAmana kA kAla vi0 saM0 400 aura pakSAntara meM 600 se prAcIna hai, itanA nizcita hai / 5 674 eka kaThinAI - hamane vizrAntavidyAdhara ke racayitA vAmana kA kAla Upara nirdhArita kiyA hai, usa meM eka kaThinAI bhI hai / usa 10 kA bhI hama nirdeza kara denA ucita samajhate haiM, jisa se bhAvI lekhakoM ko vicAra karane meM sugamatA ho / vaha hai vardhamAna 'gaNaratnamahodadhi' meM likhatA hai - vAmanoktaH 'bhojamatama zritya nAzritaH / kalApizaSpaprAcyAdivizeSo 15 isake anusAra vAmana sarasvatI - kaNThAbharaNa se uttarakAlika pratIta hotA hai / parantu pUrva-nirdiSTa supuSTa pramANoM ke AdhAra para 'vizrAntavidyAdhara' kA karttA vi0 saM0 600 se uttaravartI kisI prakAra nahIM ho sakatA / ataH vardhamAna ke lekha kA bhAva 'vAmanokta vibhAga hamane bhoja ke mata ko Azraya karake svIkAra nahIM kiyA' aisA samajhanA 20 cAhie / vizrAntavidyAdhara ke vyAkhyAtA 1 - vAmana vardhamAnaviracita 'gaNaratnamahodadhi' se vidita hotA hai ki vAmana ne apane vyAkaraNa para svayaM do TIkAeM likhI thiiN| vaha likhatA hai - 25 sa0 pra0 meM likhA hai) lekhaka pramAda se 39 ke aMkoM kA viparyaya hokara 93 bana gayA hogA / 1. sampAdaka ne yaha kalpanA pAzcAttyoM dvArA kalpita valabhI saMvat kI azuddha gaNanA sAtha sAmaJjasya karane ke liye kI hai, jo sarvathA cintya hai| 2. pRSTha 182 /

Page #712
AcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 675 'vAmanastu bRhadavRttau yavamASeti paThati / " isa uddharaNa meM 'bRhat' vizeSaNa kA prayoga karane se vyakta hai ki vAmana ne svayaM ladhvI aura bahatI do vyAkhyAeM racI thIM, anyathA 'bRhat' vizeSaNa vyartha hotA hai / vAmanakRta donoM vRttiyAM tathA mUla sUtra grantha isa samaya aprApta haiN| 2- mallavAdI tArkikaziromaNi mallavAdI ne vAmanakRta vizrAntavidyAdhara vyAkaraNa para nyAsa grantha likhA thA, yaha hama Upara likha cuke haiN| isa nyAsa kA ullekha vardhamAna ne gaNaratnamahodadhi meM kaI sthAnoM para kiyA hai / haima zabdAnuzAsana kI bRhatI TIkA meM bhI yaha asakRt 10 uddhRta hai| 6. pAlyakIrti (saM0 871-624) vyAkaraNa ke vAGamaya meM zAkaTAyana nAma se do vyAkaraNa prasiddha haiM / eka prAcIna ArSa aura dUsarA arvAcIna jaina vyAkaraNa / prAcIna 15 ArSa zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa kA ullekha hama pUrva kara cuke / aba arvAcIna jaina zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa kA varNana karate haiM / jaina zAkaTAyana tantra kA kartA upalabdha zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa ke kartRtva ke sambandha meM pAzcAttya vidvAnoM ke jo vicAra rahe unakA nirdeza 'bhAratIya jJAnapITha kAzI' 20 dvArA prakAzita zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa bhUmikA meM rAbarTa birave ne kiyA hai| proparTa jisane 1893 I0 meM zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa ko prakAzita kiyA, kA mata hai ki prAcIna zAkaTAyana hI isa vartamAna zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa kA kartA hai / isake viparIta barnela kIlahAna bUhalara Adi 1. pRSTha 237 / 2. pUrva pRSTha 673 meM prabhAvakacarita kA zloka / 25 3. vizrAntanyAsakRtta asamarthatvAd daNDapAmirityeva manyate / pRSTha 71 / vizrAntanyAsastu kirAta eva kairAto mleccha ityAha / pRSTha 62 / 4. dra0-pRSTha 174-183 /

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676 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kA mata hai ki yaha vyAkaraNa cAndra jainendra aura kAzikA se bhI arvAcIna hai| zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa kA kartA-isa abhinava zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa kA kartA kA vAstavika nAma 'pAlyakotti' hai| vAdirAjasUri 5 ne 'pArzvanAthacarita' meM likhA hai - kutastyA tasya sA zaktiH pAlyakIrtermahaujasaH / / zrIpadazravaNaM yasya zAbdikAn kurute janAn // arthAt-usa mahAtejasvI pAlyakIti kI zakti kA kyA kahanA jo usa ke 'zrI' pada kA zravaNa karate hI logoM ko vaiyAkaraNa banA 10 detI hai| isa zloka meM zrIpadazravaNaM yasya' kA saMketa zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa kI svopajJa amoghA vatti kI ora hai / amoghAvRtti ke maGgalAcaraNa kA prArambha 'zrIvIramamataM jyotiH' se hotA hai| pArzvanAthacarita kI paJjikA TIkA ke racayitA zubhacandra ne pUrvokta zloka kI vyAkhyA meM 15 likhA hai tasya pAlyakortemahaujasaH zrIpadazravaNaM zriyA upalakSitAni pani zAkaTAyanasUtrANi, teSAM zravaNamAkarNanam / isase spaSTa hai ki zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa ke kartA kA nAma pAlyakIrti thaa| zAkaTAyana-prakriyA ke maGgalAcaraNa meM bhI pAlyakIrti ko 20 namaskAra kiyA hai| paricaya AcArya pAlyakIti ko kucha vidvAn zvetAmbara sampradAya kA mAnate haiM, aura kucha digambara sampradAya kaa| parantu pAlyakIti yApa nIya sampradAya ke the|' yaha digambara aura zvetAmbara sampradAyoM kA 25 antarAlavartI sampradAya thaa| yApanIya sampradAya ke naSTa ho jAne se donoM sampradAya vAle inheM apanA prAcArya mAnate haiM / pAlyakIti ne amoghAvRtti meM chedaka sUtra niyukti aura kAlika sUtra Adi zvetAmbara granthoM kA Adara pUrvaka ullekha kiyA hai| 1. yApanIyayatigrAmAgraNIH / malayagirikRta nAndIsUtra kI TIkA meM, pR0 30 15 / 2. dra0-60 mahendrakumAra nyAyAcArya kI nyAyakumudacandra bhAga 2 kI prstaavnaa|

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AcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 677 5 vaMza tathA zAkaTAyana nAma kA hetu - pANini kA eka sUtra hai, goSadAdibhyo vun ( 5 / 2 / 62 ) isase goSad Adi se matvartha meM adhyAya athavA anuvAka artha gamyamAna hone para vun pratyaya hotA hai / ' goSad' zabda jisa adhyAya athavA anuvAka meM hogA, vaha 'goSa - dakaH' kahalAyegA / isI prakAra iSetvaka: devasyatvakaH zrAdi / pAlyakIrti ne isa goSadAdigaNanirdezaka sUtra ke sthAna meM ghoSadAdeva' c' ( 3 | 3 | 178 ) sUtra par3hA hai / isa prakAra usane prAcIna paramparAprApta 'goSad' zabda ko haTAkara 'ghoSad' kA nirdeza kiyA hai / yaha viziSTa parivartana kisI pratimahattvapUrNa paristhiti kA sUcaka hai / maitrAyaNI saMhitA 1 / 1 / 2 aura kAThaka saMhitA 1 / 2 kA Adi 10 mantra hai - goSadasi / isameM ' goSada' zabda - samUha zruta hai / taittirIya saMhitA 1 / 1 / 2 meM pATha hai- yajJasya ghoSadasi / isameM 'ghoSad' zabda zruta hai / mantroM kI isa tulanA aura pANini tathA pAlyakIrti ke sUtra - pAThoM kI tulanA karane se pratIta hotA hai ki pAlyakIrti mUlataH taittirIya zAkhA adhyetA brAhmaNa kula kA thA aura isakA gotra 'zAka - 15 TAyana' thA / brAhmaNa dharma kA parivartana ho jAne para bhI pAlyakIrti ke liye zAkaTAyana gotranAma kA vyavahAra hotA rahA / aisI avasthA meM zAkaTAyana ke liye gotra-sambandha vAcaka zakaTa- putra athavA zakaTAGga prAdi padoM kA prayoga yukta hai / kAla 20 'khyAte dRzye " sUtra kI amoghA vRtti meM 'praruNaddevaH pANDyam' aura 'zravahadamoghavarSo'rAtIn' udAharaNa diye haiM / dvitIya udAharaNa meM amoghavarSa ( prathama ) dvArA zatruoM ko naSTa karane kI ghaTanA kA ullekha hai / ThIka yahI varNana rASTrakUTa ke zaka saM0 832 0 ( vi0 saM0 e67) ke eka zilAlekha meM 'bhUpAlAn' kaNTakAbhAn veSTayitvA 25 dAha' ke rUpa meM kiyA hai / zilAlekha amoghavarSa ke bahuta pazcAt 1. zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa kI pramoghA tathA cintAmaNi vRttiyoM meM ghoSaDA - deva' c pATha hai / vaha azuddha hai, kyoMki 'ghoSaDa' kisI zAkhA meM upalabdha nahIM hotA hai / haima ne pAlkIti kA anusaraNa karate hue ghoSaDAdi kA hI nirdeza kiyA hai / 2. zAkaTAyana 4 / 3 / 207 / / 3. zilAlekha kA mUlapATha (bhUpAlAt' hai, yaha pratyakSa apapATha hai / 30

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678 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa * likhA gayA hai / ataH usa kAla meM ukta ghaTanA kA pratyakSa na hone se 'avata' ke sthAna para 'dadAha' kriyA kA prayoga kiyA hai / amoghA vRtti meM laG lakAra kA prayoga hone se vidita hotA hai ki pAlya - kIrti amoghavarSa ( prathama ) ke kAla meM vartamAna thA / isakA eka pramANa mahArAja amoghadeva ke nAma para svopajJavRtti kA 'amogha' nAma rakhanA bhI hai / sambhava hai pAlyakIrti mahArAja amoghadeva kA sabhya rahA ho / mahArAja amoghadeva saM0 871 meM siMhAsanArUr3ha hue the / unakA eka dAnapatra saM0 624 kA upalabdha huA hai / ataH yahI samaya pAlya kIrti kA bhI hai / tadanusAra nizcaya hI zAkaTAyana vyA10 karaNa aura unakI amoghA vRtti kI racanA saM0 871-924 ke madhya meM huI / 5 zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa meM iSTiyAM par3hane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai, 15 sUtroM se pRthak vaktavya kucha nahIM hai, upasaMkhyAnoM kI bhI AvazyakatA nahIM hai / indra candra Adi grAcAryoM ne jo zabdalakSaNa kahA hai vaha saba isa meM hai / aura jo yahAM nahIM hai vaha kahIM nahIM hai / gaNapATha dhAtupATha liGgAnuzAsana aura uNAdi ina cAra ke atirikta samasta vyAkaraNa kArya isa vRtti ke antargata hai / " " 20 zAkaTAyana tantra kI vizeSatA isa vyAkaraNa kA TIkAkAra yakSavarmA likhatA hai - 30 isa vyAkaraNa meM pAtyakIrti ne liGga aura samAsAnta prakaraNa ko samAsa prakaraNa meM aura ekazeSa ko dvandva prakaraNa meM par3hakara vyAkaraNa kI prakriyAnusArI racanA kA bIja vapana kara diyA thA / uttara kAla meM isa ne parivRddha hokara pANinIya vyAkaraNa para bhI aisA yAbAta kiyA ki samasta pANinIya vyAkaraNa granthakartR krama kI upekSA karake 25 1. iSTirteSTA na vaktavyaM vaktavyaM sUtrataH pRthak / saMkhyAtaM nopasaMkhyAnaM yasya zabdAnuzAsane // 6 // indrazcandrAdibhiH zAbdairyaduktaM zabdalakSaNam / tadihAsti samastaM ca yannehAsti na tat kvacit // 10 // gagavAnayogena dhAtUn liGgAnuzAsane liGgagatam / prauNAdikAnuNAdau zeSaM nizzeSamatra vRttau vidyAt // 11 // 2. kaTAna amoghAvRtti kI prastAvanA meM DA0 Ara birave ne bhI zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNako prakriyAnusArI mAnA hai ( dra0 sandarbha saM0 25) /

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AcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 676 prakriyAnusArI banA diyA gyaa| usase pANinIya vyAkaraNa atyanta durUha ho gyaa| ___ isa vyAkaraNa ke sUtra pATha meM Aryavajra (1 / 2 / 13) siddhanandI (2 / 1 / 226) aura indra (1 / 2 / 37) nAmaka prAcIna AcAryoM kA ullekha hai| amoghAvRtti meM prApizali kAzakRtsni 5 (3 / 1 / 166) pANini vaiyAghrapadya (3 / 2 / 161) Adi kA ullekha bhI milatA hai| anya grantha 1-dhAtupATha, 2-uNAdisUtra, 3-gaNapATha, 4-liGgAnuzAsana, 5- paribhASApATha kA nirdeza agale adhyAyoM meM yathAsthAna kreNge| 10 6-upasargArtha, 7-taddhita saMgraha ina granthoM kA nirdeza rAbarTa virave ne zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa kI bhUmikA (sandarbha 54) meM kiyA hai| 8-sAhitya viSayaka-rAjazekhara ne kAvyamImAMsA meM pAlyakIti kA eka uddharaNa diyA hai 'yathAkathA vA vastuno rUpaM vaktRprakRtivizeSAttu rsvttaa| tathA 15 ca yamartha raktaH stauti taM virakto vinindati madhyasthastu tatrodAsta iti paalykotiH| isa se spaSTa hai ki pAlyakoti ne koI sAhitya viSayaka grantha bhI racA thaa| 8-strI-mukti, 10-kelibhakti-ye grantha prasiddha haiM / inase 20 vidita hotA hai ki pAlyakIti bar3e tArkika aura siddhAntajJa the| .. zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa ke vyAkhyAtA 1-pAlyakoti prAcArya pAlyakIrti ne svayaM apane zabdAnuzAsana kI vRtti racI hai| yaha pAlyakIti ke AzrayadAtA mahArAja amoghadeva ke nAma para 25 'amoghA' nAma se prasiddha hai / amoghA vRtti atyanta vistRta hai| isakA parimANa lagabhaga 18000 sahasra zloka hai| gaNaratnamahodadhi ke racayitA vardhamAna sUri ne zAkaTAyana ke nAma se aneka aise uddharaNa

Page #717
680 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa diye haiM jo amoghA vRtti meM hI upalabdha hote haiN| isI prakAra yakSavarmA viracita cintAmaNivRtti ke prArambha ke 6 The aura 7 veM zloka kI paraspara saMgati lagAne se spaSTa hotA hai ki amoghA vRtti sUtrakAra ne svayaM racI hai| sarvAnanda ne amaraTIkAsarvasva meM amoghA vRtti kA 5 pATha pAlyakIrti ke nAma se uddhRta kiyA hai / 'jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa' ke lekhaka zrI nAthUrAmajI premI ne amoghA vRtti kA svopajJatva bar3e prapaJca (vistAra) se siddha kiyA hai| amoghA vRtti saM0 2028 meM 'bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana kAzI' 10 se prakAzita huI hai / para kheda kA viSaya hai ki jainendramahAvRtti ke samAna isakA sampAdana bhI prakAzana saMsthA ke mahattva ke anurUpa nahIM ho paayaa| isakA pradhAna kAraNa yahI hai ki donoM vRttiyoM ke sampAdakoM kA jainendra aura zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa viSayaka AdhikArika jJAna nahIM thA / amoghA vRtti kA TIkAkAra-prabhAcandra prAcArya prabhAcandra ne amoghA vRtti para 'nyAsa' nAmnI TIkA racI hai| eka prabhAcandra AcArya kA varNana hama pUrva jainendra vyAkaraNa ke prakaraNa meM kara cuke haiN| unhoMne jainendra vyAkaraNa para 'zabdAmbhoja 1. zAkaTAyanastu karNeTiriTiriH karNecurucururityAha / gaNaratnamahodadhi pRSTha 20 82, amoghA vRtti 2 / 1 / 57 // zAkaTAyanastu adya paJcamI adya dvitIyetyAha / gaNa0 pRSTha 60, amoghA 2 / 1 / 76 // 2. iSTirneSTA na vaktavyaM vaktavyaM sUtrataH pRthak / saMkhyAtaM nopasaMkhyAnaM yasya zabdAnuzAsane // 6 // tasyAtimahatIM vRtti saMhRtyeyaM lghiiysii|... // 7 // yasya pAlyakIrteH zabdAnuzAsane iSTayAdayo naivApekSante tasya pAlyakIrteH mahatI 25 vatti saMkSipyeyaM laghvI vRttividhIyate iti sNgtiH|| 3. tayAhi tatra pAlyakIvivaraNaM poTagalo bRhatkozaH / bhAga 4, pRSTha 72 / . 4. dvi0 saM0 pRSTha 161-165 / 5. zabdAnAM zAsanAkhyasya shaastrsyaanvrthnaamtH| prasiddhasya mahAmoghavatterapi vishesstH|| sUtrANAM ca vivRtivikhyAte ca yathAmati / granthasyAsya ca ___ nyAseti kriyate nAma naamtH|| jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, dvi0 saM0 pRSTha 160 para uddhRt| 6. dra0- pUrva pRSTha 665-666 /

Page #718
AcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 681. bhAskaranyAsa' kI racanA kI thI / ye donoM granthakAra eka haiM vA pRthakpRthak, yaha ajJAta hai / 86 13 vIM zatAbdI ke kRSNa lIlAzuka muni ne 'daivam' ko puruSakAra TIkA meM zAkaTAyana nyAsa ko uddhRta kiyA hai / isase spaSTa hai ki zAkaTAyana nyAsa kI racanA 13 vIM zatAbdI se pUrva kI hai / AcArya prabhAcandrakRta nyAsa grantha ke saMprati kevala do adhyAya upalabdha haiM / " 2 - amoghavistara (14vIM zatI vi0 se pUrva ) isa vyAkhyA kA ullekha mAghavIya dhAtuvRtti' meM upalabdha hotA hai isake karttA kA nAma ajJAta hai / mAghavIya dhAtuvRtti meM upalabdha hone se itanA nizcita hai ki isakI racanA 14 vIM zatI se pUrva athavA usake pUrvArdha meM huI hogI / 3 yakSavarmA yakSavarmA ne amoghA vRtti ko hI saMkSipta kara zAkaTAyana kI 'cintAmaNi' nAmnI laghvI vRtti racI hai| yaha vRtti kAzI se prakA- 415 zita ho cukI hai / isa vRtti kA grantha- parimANa lagabhaga 6 sahasra zloka hai| yakSavarmA ne apanI vRtti ke viSaya meM likhA hai ki isa vRtti abhyAsa se bAlaka aura bAlikAeM bhI nizcaya se eka varSa meM samasta vAGamaya ko jAna letI haiN|" rAbarTa birave ne yakSavarmA kA kAla IsA ko 12 vIM zatI se pUrva mAnA hai / cintAmaNivRtti ke TIkAkAra 1 - ajita senAcArya - AcArya ajitasena ne yakSavarmaviracita cintAmaNi vRtti para cintAmaNiprakAzikA nAmnI TIkA likhI hai / isa kA deza kAla ajJAta hai / 1. zAkaTAyananyAse tu Nopadezo vA'yam / pRSTha 66 | hamArA saMska0 25 pRSTha 61 / 2. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, dvi0 [saM0 pRSTha 160 3. dhAtuvRtti pRSTha 44 // . 4. bAlAbalAjano'pyasyA vRtta rabhyAsavRttitaH / samastaM vAGmayaM vetti varSa - . Naikena nizcayAt // prArambhika zloka 12 / 30

Page #719
682 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa . . 2-maMgArasa-maMgArasa ne cintAmaNi vRtti para cintAmaNi pratipada' nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI thii|' isa kA deza kAla ajJAta hai| - 3-samantabhadra-kisI samantabhadra nAmaka vyAkhyAkAra ne cintA maNi vRtti para 'cintAmaNiviSamapada' TIkA likhI thii| isa kA bhI 5 deza kAla ajJAta hai| prakriyA-granthakAra 1-abhayacandrAcArya (13 vIM zatI vi0 uttarArdha) abhayacandrAcArya ne zAkaTAyana sUtroM ke AdhAra para 'prakriyAsaMgraha grantha racA hai| yaha grantha zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa meM pravezArthiyoM ke liye likhA gayA hai| ataH isameM sampUrNa sUtra vyAkhyAta nahIM haiN| birave ke anusAra isakA kAla I0 ko 14 vIM zatI kA pUrvArddha hai / 2-bhAvasena traiviTa deva inhoMne bhI prakriyAnusArI 'zAkaTAyanaTIkA' grantha likhA hai| . inheM vAdiparvatavajra bhI kahate haiN| . 3-dayAlapAla muni (saM0 1082 vi0) muni dayAlapAla ne bAlakoM ke liye 'rUpasiddhi' nAmaka laghu prakriyA grantha banAyA hai| ye pArzvanAthacarita ke kartA vAdirAjasUri ke sadharmA mAne jAte haiN| ataH inakA kAla saM0 1082 ke lagabhaga hai| yaha grantha prakAzita ho cukA hai| 20 7. zivasvAmI (saM0 914-940) zivasvAmI mahAkavi ke rUpa meM saMskRta sAhitya meM prasiddha haiN| ina kA racA hA kaphphaNAbhyudaya mahAkAvya eka ucca koTi kA grantha hai| vaiyAkaraNa ke rUpa meM zivasvAmI kA ullekha kSIrataraGgiNI' 25 1. saM0 prA0 jaina vyAkaraNa aura koza kI paramparA, pRSTha 68 / 2. vahI, pRSTha 68 / 3. cAnto'yaM (=sazca) iti zivaH / 1 / 122, pRSTha 41 / dhUna iti . ihAmu zivasvAmI dIrghamAha / 5 / 10, pRSTha 226, 227 /

Page #720
prAcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 683 gaNaratnamahodadhi, kAtantragaNadhAtuvRtti aura mAdhavIyA dhAtuvRtti' meM milatA hai| vardhamAna, pataJjali aura kAtyAyana ke sAtha zivasvAmI kA prathama nirdeza karatA hai| dUsare sthAna para 'paraH pANiniH, aparaH zivasvAmI' udAharaNa detA hai| isase pratIta hotA hai ki vardhamAna kI dRSTi meM zivasvAmI pANini ke sadRza mahAvaiyAkaraNa thA / 5 kAla . kalhaNa ne rAjataraGgiNI 5 / 34 meM likhA hai ki zivasvAmI kazmIrAdhipati avantivarmA ke rAjyakAla meM vidyamAna thaa| avantivarmA kA rAjyakAla saM0 614-640 taka hai / ataH vahI kAla zivasvAmI kA hai| paM0 gurupada hAladAra ne apane 'vyAkaraNa darzanera itihAsa' (pRSTha 452) meM likhA hai-'zivasvAmI zivayogI baliyAmo prasiddha / SaDguruziSya sambhavataH ihAkeha chayajana gurura madhye anyatama baliyA svIkAra kariyA chaina / ' -- 'kaphiphaNAbhyudaya likhileno zivasvAmI bauddha na hena, tini 15 sanAtanadharmAvalambI chilena / smArtadera madhyepro tini ekathana pramANapuruSa / madanapArijAte smRticandrikAya evaM parAzaramAdhavoye tAhAra matavAda uddhRta haIyA cha / ' hAladAra mahodaya ko bhUla-paM0 gurupada hAladAra kA uparyukta , lekha ThIka nahIM hai| zivasvAmI aura zivayogI bhinna-bhinna vyakti haiM / zivasvAmI kA kAla dazama zatAbdI kA pUrvArdha hai, yaha hama Upara likha cuke haiM / zivayogI SaDguruziSya kA anyatama guru hai| SaDguru 20 . 1. atra vRttikArazivasvAmibhyAM bhASyoktamasvasya svatvena karaNaM prasiddhivazAt pANigrahaNaviSaya upasaMhRtam / dhAtuvRtti pRSTha 166 // zivasvAmikazyapau / tu dIrghAntamAhataH / dhAtuvRtti pRSTha 316 / zivasvAmI vakAropadhaM papATha / 25 dhAtuvRtti pRSTha 357 / 2. mukhyazabdasyAdivacanatvAt zivasvAmipataJjalikAtyAyanaprabhRtayo labhyante / pRSTha 2 / 3. gaNaratnamahodadhi, pRSTha 26 / 4. muktAkaNaH zivasvAmI kavirAnandavardhanaH / prathAM ratnAkarazcAgAta sAmrAjye'vantivarmaNaH // ...

Page #721
684 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ziSya ne apanI RksarvAnukramaNI kI vRtti saM0 1234 meM likhI thii| zivasvAmI bauddhamatAvalambI thA. aura zivayogI vaidika dharmAvalambI thaa| ataH zivayogI aura zivasvAmI ko eka samajhanA mahatI bhUla hai| pratIta hotA hai ki paM0 gurupada hAladAra ko SaDguruziSya ke kAla kA dhyAna na rahA hogA, aura nAmasAdRzya se unheM bhrAnti huI hogii| zivasvAmI kA vyAkaraNa zivasvAmI prokta vyAkaraNa grantha isa samaya upalabdha nahIM hai| isake jo uddharaNa pUrva udadhata kiye haiM una se vidita hotA hai ki 10 zivasvAmI ne apane vyAkaraNa para koI vRtti bhI likhI thI aura sva-tantra sambandhI dhAtupATha kA bhI pravacana kiyA thaa| 8. mahArAja bhojadeva (saM0 1075-1110) ____ mahArAja bhojadeva ne 'sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa' nAma kA eka bRhat 15 zabdAnuzAsana racA hai / unhoMne yogasUtravRtti ke prArambha meM svayaM likhA hai 'zabdAnAmanuzAsanaM vidadhatA pAtaJjale kurvatA, vRtti, rAjamRgAGkasaMjJakamapi vyAtanvatA vaidyake / vAkcetovapuSAM malaH phaNibhRtAM bhatraiva yenoddhRta20 stasya zrIraNaraGgamallanRpatervAco jayantyujjvalAH // isa zloka ke anusAra sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa, yogasUtravRtti aura rAjamRgAGka granthoM kA racayitA eka hI vyakti hai, yaha spaSTa hai / paricaya aura kAla bhojadeva nAma ke aneka rAjA hue haiM, kintu sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa 25 Adi granthoM kA racayitA, vidvAnoM kA AzrayadAtA, paramAravaMzIya * dhArAdhIzvara hI prasiddha hai / yaha mahArAja sindhula kA putra aura mahArAja jayasiMha kA pitA thaa| 1. khagotyAnmeSumAyeti kalyahargaNane sati / sarvAnukramaNIvRttirjAtA vedArthadIpikA / vedArthadIpikA ke anta meM / kali ke 15,35, 132 dina =kali saM0 30 4288, vi0 saM0 1234 / 2. dra0-pUrva pRSTha 683, Ti01; 684,Ti01-3 /

Page #722
prAcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 685 mahArAja bhoja kA eka dAnapatra saM0 1078 vi0 kA upalabdha huA hai, aura inake uttarAdhikArI jayasiMha kA dAnapatra saM0 1112 milA hai| ataH bhoja kA rAjyakAla sAmAnyatayA saM0 1075-1110 taka mAnA jAtA hai| - saurASTra kI rAjadhAnI bhujanagara (bhuja) ke rAjA bhoja (rAjya- 5 kAla saM0 1688-1702) kI tuSTi ke liye vinaya sAgara upAdhyAya ne eka abhinava bhoja-vyAkaraNa kI racanA kI thii| __saMskRtabhASA kA punaruddhAraka mahArAja bhojadeva svayaM mahAvidvAn, vidyArasika aura vidvAnoM kA prAzrayadAtA thaa| usane luptaprAyaH saMskRtabhASA kA punaH eka bAra 10 uddhAra kiyaa| vallabhadevakRta bhojaprabandha meM likhA hai 'cANDAlo'pi bhavedvidvAna yaH sa tiSThatu me puri| vipro'pi yo bhavenmUrkhaH sa purAd bahirastu me // mahArAja bhoja kI itanI mahatI udAratA ke kAraNa inake samaya meM tantuvAya (julAhe) tathA kASThabhAravAhaka (lakar3ahAre) bhI saMskRta 15 bhASA ke acche marmajJa bana gaye the| bhojaprabandha meM likhA hai ki eka bAra dhArA nagarI meM bAhara se koI vidvAna aayaa| usake nivAsa ke liye nagarI meM koI gRha rikta nahIM milA / ataH rAjyakarmacAriyoM ne eka tantuvAya ko jAkara kahA ki tU apanA ghara khAlI kara de, isameM eka vidvAn ko ThaharAveMge / tantuvAya ne rAjA ke pAsa jAkara jina 20 camatkArI zabdoM meM apanA duHkha nivedana kiyA, ve dekhane yogya haiN| tantuvAya ne kahA 'kAvyaM karomi nahi cArutaraM karomi, . yatnAt karomi yadi cArutaraM karomi / bhUpAlamaulimaNimaNDitapAdapITha ! he sAhasAGka ! kavayAmi vayAmi yAmi // ' eka anya avasara para bhojarAja ne eka vRddha lakar3ahAre ko kahA 'bhUribhArabharAkAnta ! bAghati skandha eSa te|' isake uttara meM usa vRddha lakar3ahAre ne nimna camatkArI uttarArSa par3hA

Page #723
686 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 'na tathA bAdhate rAjan ! yathA bAghati bAdhate / ' . arthAt-he rAjan ! lakar3iyoM kA bhAra mujhe itanA kaSTa nahIM pahuMcA rahA hai, jitanA ApakA 'bAdhati' apazabda kaSTa de rahA hai| . - vastutaH mahArAja vikramAditya ke anantara bhojarAja ne hI aisA 5 prayatna kiyA, jisa se saMskRta bhASA punaH usa samaya kI janasAdhAraNa kI bhASA bana gaI / aise stutya prayatnoM ke kAraNa hI saMskRta bhASA abhI taka jIvita hai| jo saMskRtabhASA musalamAnoM ke sUdIrgha rAjyakAla meM naSTa na ho skii| vaha briTiza rAjya ke alpa kAla meM mataprAyaH ho gii| isakA mukhya kAraNa yaha hai ki musalamAnoM ke rAjyakAla meM 10 Arya rAjanaitika rUpa meM parAdhIna hue the, ve mAnasika dAsa nahIM bane the, unhoMne apanI saMskRti ko nahIM chor3A thA / parantu briTiza zAsana ne AryoM meM mAnasika dAsatA kA eka aisA bIja vo diyA ki unheM yoropiyana vicAra, yoropiyana bhASA tathA yoropiyana sabhyatA hI sarvocca pratIta hotI hai, tathA bhAratIya bhASA aura saMskRti tuccha 15 pratIta hotI hai| bhArata ke svatantra ho jAne para bhI vaha mAnasika dAsatA se mukta nahIM huaaa| netA mAne jAne vAle loga abhI bhI aMgrejI bhASA, aMgrejI sabhyatA se usI prakAra cipaTe hae haiM, jaise parAdhInatA ke kAla meM the / isI kAraNa saba bhASAnoM kI Adi jananI, samasta saMsAra ko jJAna tathA sabhyatA kA pATha par3hAnehArI saMskRtabhASA 20 Aja antima zvAsa le rahI hai|' vastutaH bhAratIya saMskRti kI rakSA tabhI ho sakegI, jaba hama apanI prAcIna saMskRtabhASA kA punaruddhAra kreNge| kyoMki bhASA aura saMskRti kA paraspara colI-dAmana kA sambandha hai / AryoM kI prAcIna saMskRti jJAna aura itihAsa ke samasta granya saMskRta bhASA meM hI haiM / ataH jaba taka una granthoM kA anuzIlana na hogA, bhAratIya sabhyatA kabhI jIvita nahIM raha sktii| isaliye bhAratIya sabhyatA kI rakSA kA ekamAtra upAya saMskRta bhASA kA punaruddhAra hai| .... 1. svatantratA prApti ke ananta ra saMskRta bhASA ke adhyayana-adhyApana aura pracAra kA jisa tejI se hrAsa huA hai, use dekhate hue samprati isa sarvabhASA 30 jananI kI rakSA kA prazna atyanta gambhIra ho gayA hai|

Page #724
AcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 687 sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa mahArAja bhojadeva ne sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa nAma ke do grantha race the-eka vyAkaraNa kA, dUsarA alaMkAra kaa| sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa nAmaka zabdAnuzAsana meM 8 ATha bar3e-bar3e adhyAya haiM / ' pratyeka adhyAya 4 pAdoM meM vibhakta hai| isa kI samasta sUtra saMkhyA 6411 5 hai| hama isa grantha ke prathamAdhyAya meM likha cuke haiM ki prAcIna kAla se pratyeka zAstra ke grantha uttarottara kramazaH saMkSipta kiye gye| isI kAraNa zabdAnuzAsana ke aneka mahattvapUrNa bhAga paribhASApATha, gaNapATha aura uNAdi sUtra Adi zabdAnuzAsana se pRthak ho gaye / isakA phala 10 yaha huA ki zabdAnuzAsanamAtra kA adhyayana mukhya ho gayA aura paribhASApATha, gaNapATha tathA uNAdi sUtra Adi mahattvapUrNa bhAgoM kA adhyayana gauNa ho gyaa| adhyetA ina pariziSTarUpa granthoM ke adhyayana meM pramAda karane lge| isa nyUnatA ko dUra karane ke liye bhojarAja ne apanA mahattvapUrNa sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa nAmaka zabdAnuzAsana rcaa| 15 usane zabdAnuzAsana meM paribhASA, liGgAnuzAsana, uNAdi aura gaNa-.. pATha kA tattat prakaraNoM meM punaH sanniveza kara diyA / isase isa zabdAnuzAsana ke adhyayana karane vAle ko dhAtupATha ke atirikta kisI anya grantha kI AvazyakatA nahIM rhtii| gaNapATha Adi kA sUtroM meM . sanniveza ho jAne se unakA adhyayana Avazyaka ho gyaa| isa prakAra 20 vyAkaraNa ke vAGamaya meM sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa apanA eka mahattvapUrNa sthAna rakhatA hai| sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa ke prArambhika sAta adhyAyoM meM laukika zabdoM kA sanniveza hai aura AThaveM adhyAya meM svaraprakaraNa tathA vaidikazabdoM kA anvAkhyAna hai| . 25 . 1. daNDanAthavRtti sahita sarasvatIkaNvabharaNa ke sampAdaka paM0 sAmba zAstrI ne likhA hai ki isameM sAta hI adhyAya haiM / dekho-TriveNDrama prakAzita sa0 ke0, bhAga 1, bhUmikA pRSTha 1 / yaha sampAdaka kI mahatI anavadhAnatA hai ki usane samagra grantha kA vinA avalokana kiye sampAdana kArya prArambha kara diyaa|

Page #725
688 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa kA AdhAra 'sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa' kA mukhya AdhAra pANinIya aura cAndravyAkaraNa haiN| sUtraracanA aura prakaraNaviccheda Adi meM granthakAra ne pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI kI apekSA cAndravyAkaraNa kA Azraya adhika liyA hai| yaha ina tInoM granthoM kI pArasparika tulanA se spaSTa hai| pANinIya zabdAnuzAsana ke adhyayana karanevAloM ko cAndravyAkaraNa aura sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana avazya karanA caahiye| . sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa ke vyAkhyAtA 10 . 1-bhojarAja __bhojarAja ne svayaM apane zabdAnuzAsana kI vyAkhyA likhI thii| isa meM nimna pramANa haiM- . 1. gaNaratnamahodadhikAra varSamAna likhatA hai 'bhojastu sukhAdayo daza kyavidhau nirUpitA ityuktavAn' / ' 15 vardhamAna ke isa uddharaNa se spaSTa hai ki bhojarAja ne svayaM apane grantha kI vRtti likhI thii| vardhamAna ne yaha uddharaNa jAtikAlasukhAdibhyazca sUtra kI vRtti se liyA hai / 2. kSIrasvAmI amarakoSa 1 / 2 / 24 kI TIkA meM likhatA hai'ilvalAstArakAH / ilvalo'sura iti uNAdau zrIbhojadevo vyAkarot' / kSIrasvAmI ne yaha uddharaNa sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNAntargata 'tulvalelvalapalvalAdayaH3 uNAdisUtra kI vRtti se liyA hai| yadyapi yaha pATha daNDanAtha kI vRtti meM bhI upalabdha hotA hai / tathApi kSIrasvAmI ne yaha pATha bhoja ke grantha se hI liyA hai, yaha usake 'zrIbhojadevo vyAkarot' padoM se spaSTa hai| . ... vardhamAna aura kSIrasvAmI ne bhoja ke nAma se aneka aise uddharaNa diye haiM, jo sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa kI vyAkhyA se hI uddhRta kiye jA sakate haiM / ataH pratIta hotA hai ki bhojarAja ne svayaM apane zabdAnuzAsana para koI vRtti likhI thii| 1. gaNaratnamahodadhi pRSTha 7 / 2. sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa 3 / 3 / 101 // 0 3. sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa 2 / 3 / 122 //

Page #726
87 prAcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 686 ___ isakI puSTi daNDanAthaviracita hRdayahAriNI TIkA ke pratyeka pAda kI antima puSpikA se bhI hotI hai| usa kA pATha isa prakAra hai___ 'iti zrIdaNDanAyanArAyaNabhaTTasamuddhRtAyAM sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNasya laghuvRttau hRdayahAriNyA" .... / isa pATha meM 'samuddhRtAyAM aura laghuvRttau' pada vizeSa mahatva ke 5 haiM / inase sUcita hotA hai ki nArAyaNabhaTTa ne kisI vistRta vyAkhyA kA saMkSepamAtra kiyA hai, anyathA vaha 'samuddhRtAyAM' na likhakara' viracitAyAM Adi pada rkhtaa| pratIta hotA hai ki usane bhojadeva kI svopajJa bahadavatti kA usI ke sabdoM meM saMkSepa kiyA hai|' ata eva kSIra vardhamAna Adi granthakAroM ke dvArA bhoja ke nAma se uddhRta vRtti 10 ke pATha prAyaH nArAyaNabhaTTa kI vRtti meM mila jAte haiN| ___ bhoja ke anya grantha -mahArAja bhojadeva ne vyAkaraNa ke atirikta yogazAstra, vaidyaka, jyotiSa, sAhitya aura koSa Adi viSayoM ke aneka grantha race haiN| 2-daNDanAtha nArAyaNa bhaTTa (12 vIM zatAbdI vi0) daNDanAtha nArAyaNabhaTTa nAmaka vidvAn ne sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa para 'hRdayahAriNI' nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai / daNDanAtha ne apane grantha meM apanA kucha bhI paricaya nahIM diyaa| ataH isake deza kAla Adi kA bRtta ajJAta hai| ' daNDanAtha kA nAma-nirdeza-pUrvaka sabase prAcIna ullekha devarAja kI 20 nighaNTu-vyAkhyA meM upalabdha hotA hai|' yaha usakI uttara sImA hai / devarAja sAyaNa se pUrvavartI hai| sAyaNa ne devarAja kI nighaNTIkA ko uddhRta kiyA hai| devarAja kA kAla vikrama kI 14 vIM zatAbdI 1. trivendrama se prakAzita sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa ke sampAdaka ne isa abhiprAya ko na samajhakara 'samuddhRtAyAM' kA saMbandha kAzikAvRtti ke sAtha jor3A hai| 25 dra0-caturtha bhAga kI bhUmikA, pRSTha 12 / 2. nighaNTuTIkA pRSTha 218, 260, 267 sAmazramI sNskrnn| trivendrama saMskaraNa ke caturtha bhAga ke bhUmikA lekhaka ke. esa. mahAdeva zAstrI ne daNDanAtha ke kAlanirNaya para likhate hue sAyaNa kA hI nirdeza kiyA hai, devarAja kA ullekha nahIM kiyA hai / dra0-bhUmikA, bhAga 4, pRSTha 17 /

Page #727
660 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kA uttarArdha mAnA jAtA hai|' isaliye daNDanAtha usase prAcIna hai, itanA hI nizcaya se kahA jA sakatA hai / hRdayahAriNI vyAkhyA sahita sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa ke sampAdaka sAmbazAstrI ne 'daNDanAtha' zabda se kalpanA kI hai ki nArAyaNabhaTTa bhojarAja kA senApati vA nyAyAdhIza thaa| hRdayahAriNI TIkA ke caturtha bhAga ke bhUmikA-lekhaka ke. esa. mahAdeva zAstrI kA mata hai ki daNDanAtha mugdhabodhakAra vopadeva se uttaravartI hai / isa bAta ko siddha karane ke liye unhoMne kaI pAThoM kI tulanA kI hai / unake mata meM daNDanAtha kA kAla 1350- 1450 10 I. sana ke madhya hai| hameM mahAdeva zAstrI ke nirNaya meM sandeha hai| kyoMki mugdhabodha ke sAtha tulanA karate hue jina matoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai, ve mata mugdhabodha se prAcIna granthoM meM bhI milate haiN| yathA niSThA meM sphAyI ko vikalpa se sphI bhAva kA vidhAna kSIrasvAmI kRta kSIrataraGgiNI meM bhI upalabdha 15 hotA hai| ___ "niSThAyAM sphAyaH sphI (6 / 1 / 12) sphiitH| IdittvaM sphAyerAdezAnityatve liGgam-sphAtaH / 1 / 326 / ' 3- kRSNa lIlAzuka muni (saM0 1225-1300 vi0 ke madhya) kRSNa lIlAzuka muni ne sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa para puruSakAra' nAmnI 20 vyAkhyA likhI hai| isakA eka hastalekha triveNDama ke hastalekha saMgraha meM hai| dekho-sUcIpatra bhAga 6, granthAGka 35 / paM0 kRSNamAcArya ne bhI apane 'hisTrI Apha klAsikala saMskRta liTarecara' grantha meM isakA ullekha kiyA hai / isa TIkA meM granthakAra ne pANinIya jAmbavatI kAvya ke aneka zloka uddhRta kiye haiN|' 25 kRSNa lIlAzuka vaiSNava sampradAya kA prasiddha prAcArya hai| isakA banAyA huaA kRSNakarNAmRta vA kRSNalIlAmRta nAma kA stotra vaiSNavoM meM atyanta prasiddha hai| isane dhAtupAThaviSayaka 'daivam' grantha para 'puruSa kAra' nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai| isase granthakAra kA vyAkaraNaviSayaka praur3ha pANDitya spaSTa vidita hotA hai / 30 1. vaidika vAGmaya kA itihAsa bhAga 1, khaNDa 2, pRSTha 211 / 2. dra0 - bhAga 1, bhUmikA pRSTha 2, 3 / 3. dra0 - pRSTha 336 /

Page #728
prAcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 661 kaI vidvAn kRSNa lIlAzuka ko baMgadezIya mAnate haiM, parantu yaha cintya hai / 'puruSakAra' ke anta meM vidyamAna zloka se vidita hotA hai ki vaha dAkSiNAtya hai, kAJcIpura kA nivAsI hai / isakA nizcita kAla ajJAta hai / kRSNa lIlAzuka-viracita 'puruSakAra' vyAkhyA kI kaI paMktiyAM devarAja-viracita nighaNTuTIkA meM uddhRta hai|' devarAja kA 5 samaya saM0 1350-1400 ke madhya mAnA jAtA hai / ataH kRSNa lIlAzuka saM0 1350 se pUrvavartI hai| yaha usakI uttara sImA hai| puruSakAra meM AcArya hemacandra kA mata tIna bAra uddhata haiN| hemacandra kA granthalekhana kAla saM0 1166-1220 ke lagabhaga hai / yaha kRSNa lIlAzukra kI pUrva sImA hai| paM0 sItArAma jayarAma jozI ne 'saMskRtasAhitya kA saMkSipta itihAsa' meM kRSNa lIlAzuka kA kAle san 1100 / I0 (vi0 saM0 1157) ke lagabhaga mAnA hai, vaha cintya hai| puruSakAra meM 'kavikAmadhenu' nAmaka grantha kaI bAra uddhRta hai| yaha amarakoSa kI TIkA hai| isa grantha meM pANinIya sUtra uddhRta haiN| ___ kRSNa lIlAzuka ke deza kAla Adi ke viSaya meM hamane svasampA- 15 dita daivapuruSakAravArtika ke upodghAta meM vistAra se likhA hai| ataH isa viSaya meM vahIM (pRSTha 5-8) dekheM / kRSNa lIlAzuka muni ke anya granthoM kA bhI vivaraNa vahIM diyA hai| piSTapeSaNabhaya se yahAM puna nahIM likhte| 4-rAmasiMhadeva 20 rAmasiMhadeva ne sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa para 'ratnadarpaNa' nAmnI vyAkhyA / likhI hai / granthakAra kA dezakAla ajJAta hai| 1. kSup preraNe, kSapi kSAntyAmiti sthAdiSu [a] paThite'pi bahulametannidarzanamityasyodAharaNatvena dhAtuvRttau paThyate / kSapeH kSapayanti kSAntyAM preraNe kSapayet iti daivam / nighaNTuTIkA pRSTha 43 / dekho-daivam puruSakAra, pRSTha 25 58, hamArA sNskrnn| 2. dra0 -pRSTha 16, 21, 23, hamArA saMskaraNa / . 3. dra0--pRSTha 256 / / 4. yathA-prasUnaM kusumaM sumam (amara 2 / 4 / 17) ityatra kavikAmadhenuH SUGa prANiprasave |....."pRsstth 26, hamArA saMska0 / 5. 'syAdAritakaM hAsaH....... ityamarasiMhazca (1 / 6 / 35) taccatat chura chedane ktaH / yAvAdibhyaH kan (aSTA0 5 / 4 / 26) iti / kAmadhenau vyAkhyAtam / pRSTha 64 hamArA sNskrnn| .

Page #729
662 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa prakriyAgranthakAra (saM0 1500 vi0 se pUrvavartI) prakriyAkaumudI kI prasAdaTIkA meM likhA hai'tathA ca sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNaprakriyAyAM padasindhusetAvityuktam / " isase pratIta hotA hai ki sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa para 'padasindhusetu' nAmaka koI prakriyAgrantha racA gayA thaa| granthakAra kA nAma tathA dezakAla ajJAta hai| viTThala dvArA uddhRta hone meM yaha granthakAra saM0 1500 se pUrvavartI hai, yaha spaSTa hai| 9. buddhisAgara sUri (saM0 1080 vi0) AcArya buddhisAgara sUri ne 'buddhisAgara' apara nAma 'paJcagranthI' vyAkaraNa racA thaa| prAcArya hemacandra ne svIya liGgAnuzAsana vivaraNa aura haima abhidhAnacintAmaNi' kI vyAkhyA meM isakA nirdeza kiyA paricaya buddhisAgara zvetAmbara sampradAya kA AcArya thA / yaha candra kula ke vardhamAna sUri kA ziSya aura jinezvara sUri kA gurubhAI thA / kucha vidvAn jinezvara sUri kA sahodara bhAI mAnate haiN| kAla buddhisAgara vyAkaraNa ke anta meM eka zloka hai'zrIvikramAdityanarendrakAlAt sAzItike yAti smaashsr| sazrIkajAbAlipure tadAdyaM dRbdhaM mayA saptasahasrakalpam // ' 1. dra0-bhAga 2, pRSTha 312 / 2. udaram jATharavyAdhiyuddhAni / jaThare triliGgamitiH buddhisAgaraH / pRSTha 20 100 / isI prakAra pRSTha 4, 103, 133 para bhI nirdeza milatA hai / 3. [udaram] triliGgo'yamiti buddhisAgaraH / pRSTha 245 / 4. buddhisAgara sUri kA ullekha purAtanaprabandhasaMgraha pRSTha 65 ke abhayadeva sUri ke prabandha meM milatA hai| 5. paM0 candrasAgara sUri sampAdita siddhahaimazabdAnuzAsana bRhadvRtti prastAvanA, pRSTha 'khe'|

Page #730
prAcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 663 tadanusAra buddhisAgara ne vi0 saM0 1080 meM ukta vyAkaraNa kI racanA kI thI / zrataH buddhisAgara kA kAla vikrama kI 11 vIM zatAbdI kA uttarArdha hai, yaha spaSTa hai / vyAkaraNa kA parimANa Upara jo zloka uddhRta kiyA hai, usameM 'buddhisAgara vyAkaraNa' 5 kA parimANa sAta sahasra zloka likhA hai / pratIta hotA hai ki yaha parimANa ukta vyAkaraNa ke khilapATha aura usakI vRtti ke sahita haiM / prabhAvakacarita meM isa vyAkaraNa kA parimANa ATha sahasra zloka likhA hai / mathA zrIbuddhisAgarasUrizvatre vyAkaraNaM navam / sahasrASTakamAnaM tad zrIbuddhisAgarAbhidham ' // madrAsa vizvavidyAlaya dvArA prakAzita harSavardhanakRta liGgAnuzAsana kI bhUmikA pRSTha 34 para sampAdaka ne buddhisAgarakRtaH liGgAnuzAsana kA nirdeza kiyA hai / isake uddharaNa hemacandra ne svIya liGgAnuzAsana vivaraNa aura abhidhAna cintAmaNi kI vyAkhyA meM diye haiM / ' vyAkaraNa padya - baddha hai / yaha 10. bhadrezvara sUri (saM0 1200 vi0 se. pUrva ) bhadrezvara sUri ne 'dIpaka' vyAkaraNa kI racanA kI thI / yaha grantha isa samaya anupalabdha hai / gaNaratnamahodadhikAra vardhamAna ne likhA hai- 20 'medhAvinaH pravaravIpakakattaM yuktAH' / " 15 isakI vyAkhyA meM vaha likhatA hai - 'dIpakakarttA bhadrezvarasUriH / pravarazcAsau dIpakakarttA ca pravaradIpakakarttA / prAdhAnyaM cAsyAdhanikavaiyAkaraNApekSA' | Age pRSTha 68 para 'dIpaka' vyAkaraNa kA nimna avaraNa diyA hai- 25 1. dra0 - pUrva pRSTha 662, Ti0 2, 3 / 2. gaNaratnamahodadhi, pRSThe 1 / 3. gaNaratna mahodadhi, pRSTha 2 /

Page #731
saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 'bhadrezvarAcAryastukiJca svA durbhagA kAntA rakSAntA nizcitA smaa| sacivA capalA bhaktirbAlyeti svAdayo daza // iti svAdau vetyanena vikalpena puMvadbhAvaM manyate / ' ina uddharaNoM se spaSTa hai ki bhadrezvara sUri ne koI zabdAnuzAsana racA thA, aura usakA nAma 'dIpaka' thaa| sAyaNaviracita mAdhavIyA dhAtUvatti meM zrIbhadra ke nAma se vyAkaraNaviSayaka aneka mata udhata haiN| sambhava hai ki ve mata bhadrezvara sUri ke dIpaka vyAkaraNa ke hoN| dhAtuvRtti pRSTha 378, 376 se vyakta hotA hai ki bhadrezvarasUri ne apane 10 dhAtupATha para bhI koI vRtti racI thI / isakA varNana dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (3)' nAmaka bAIsaveM adhyAya meM kiyA hai| kAla vardhamAna ne gaNaratnamahodadhi kI racanA vi0 saM0 1197 meM kI thii| usameM bhadrezvara sUri aura usake dIpaka vyAkaraNa kA ullekha 15 hone se itanA spaSTa hai ki bhadrezvara sUri saM0 1167 se pUrvavartI hai, parantu usase kitanA pUrvavartI hai, yaha kahanA kaThina hai| ___paM0 gurupada hAladAra ne bhadrezvara sUri aura upAGgI bhadrabAhu sUri kI ekatA kA anumAna kiyA hai| jaina vidvAn bhadravAha sUri ko candragupta maurya kA samakAlika mAnate haiN| ataH jaba taka donoM kI 20 ekatA kA bodhaka sudRr3ha pramANa na mile, taba taka inakI ekatA kA anumAna vyartha hai| 11. vardhamAna (saM0 1150.1225 vi0) gaNaratnamahodadhi saMjJaka atyanta mahattvapUrNa grantha ke dvArA vardhamAna 25 vaiyAkaraNa-nikAya meM suprasiddha hai| parantu vardhamAna ne kisI svIya zabdAnuzAsana kA pravacana kiyA thA, yaha ajJAta hai| 1. sapnanavatyadhikeSvekAdazasu zateSvatIteSu / varSANAM vikramato gaNaratnamahodadhivihitaH // pRSTha 251 / 2. vyAkaraNa darzanera itihAsa, pRSTha 452 / 3. jaina sAhitya kA saMkSipta itihAsa, pRSTha 34, 35 /

Page #732
AcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 695. saMkSiptasAra kI goyIcandra kRta TIkA meM eka pATha hai candro'nityAM vRddhimAha / bhAgavRttikArastu nityaM vRddhayabhAvam / .. 'vau zramervA' iti vrdhmaanH| .... isa uddharaNa se spaSTa hai ki vardhamAna ne koI zabdAnuzAsana racA thaa| aura usI ke anurUpa usake gaNapATha ko zlokabaddha karake usako 5 byAkhyA likhI thii| kAla vardhamAna ne gaNaratnamahodadhi ke anta meM usakA racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1166 likhA hai| vardhamAna ne svaviracita 'siddharAja' varNana kAvya kA uddharaNa gaNaratnamahodadhi (pRSTha 17) meM diyA hai| prArambha 10 meM tRtIya zloka kI vyAkhyA ke pAThAntara svaziSyaiH kumArapAlaharipAlamunicandraprabhRtibhiH' meM kumArapAla kA vi0 saM0 1150-1225 taka mAnanA yukta hai| vardhamAna-viracita gaNaratnamahodadhi kA varNana dUsare bhAga meM gaNa'pATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA ke prakaraNa meM kiyA haiN| 12. hemacandra sUri (saM0 1145-1229 vi0) prasiddha jaina prAcArya hemacandra ne 'siddhahaimazabdAnuzAsana' nAmaka eka sAMgopAGga bRhad vyAkaraNa likhA hai| paricaya 20 . vaMza-hemacandra ke pitA kA nAma 'cAciga' (athavA 'cAca') aura mAtA kA nAma 'pAhiNI' (pAhinI) thA / pitA vaidika mata kA anuyAyI thA, parantu mAtA kA jhukAva jaina mata kI ora thaa| hemacandra kA janma moDhavaMzIya vaizyakula meM huA thaa| janma-kAla-hemacandra kA janma kArtika pUrNimA saM0 1145 meM 25 huA thaa| / 1. saMdhi prakaraNa sUtra 6 / / 2. pRSTha 2 /

Page #733
696 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ___ janma-nAma-hemacandra kA janma-nAma 'cAMgadeva' (pAThA0 'caMgadeva') thaa| ___ janma-sthAna-aitihAsika vidvAnoM ke matAnusAra hemacandra kA janma 'dhundhuka' ('dhundhukA') jilA ahamadAbAda meM huA thaa| garu-hemacandra ke guru kA nAma 'candradeva sari' thaa| inheM devacandra sUri bhI kahate the / ye zvetAmbara sampradAyAntargata vajrazAkhA ke AcArya the| dIkSA -eka bAra mAtA ke sAtha jaina mandira jAte hue cAMgadeva (hemacandra) kI candradeva sUri se bheMTa huii| candradeva ne cAMgadeva ko 10 vilakSaNa pratibhAzAlI honahAra bAlaka jAnakara ziSya banAne ke liye unheM unakI mAtA se mAMga liyA / mAtA ne bhI apane putra ko zraddhA pUrvaka candradeva muni ko samarpita kara diyaa| isa samaya cAMgadeva ke pitA paradeza gaye hue the| sAdhu hone para cAMgadeva kA nAma somacandra rakhA gayA / prabhAvaka-caritakAra ke matAnusAra vi0 saM0 1150 15 mAghasudI 14 zanivAra ke brAhmamUharta meM pAMca varSa kI vaya meM pArzva nAtha caitya meM bhAgavatI pravrajyA dI gii|' merutugasUri ke matAnusAra vi0 saM0 1154 mAghasudI 4 zanivAra ko ha varSa kI Ayu meM pravrajyA dI gii|' saM0 1162 meM mAravAr3a pradezAntargata 'nAgaura' nagara meM 17 varSa kI vaya meM inheM sUri pada milA, aura inakA nAma hemacandra huA / .20 kaI vidvAn sUri pada kI prApti saM0 1166 vaizAkhasudI 3 (akSaya tRtIyA), madhyAhna samaya 21 varSa kI vaya meM mAnate haiN|' pANDitya-hemacandra jaina mata ke zvetAmbara sampradAya kA eka prAmANika prAcArya hai / ise jaina granthoM meM 'kalikAlasarvajJa' kahA hai| jaina lekhakoM meM hemacandra kA sthAna sarvapradhAna hai / isane vyAkaraNa, 25 nyAya, chanda, kAvya aura dharma Adi prAyaH samasta viSayoM para grantha racanA kI hai / isake aneka grantha isa samaya aprApya haiN| ___ sahAyaka-gujarAta ke mahArAja siddharAja aura kumArapAla prAcArya hemacandra ke mahAna bhakta the| unake sAhAyya se hemacandra ne aneka granthoM kI racanA kI, aura jaina mata kA pracAra kiyaa| 1.zrI jaina satyaprakAza' varSa 7, dIpotsavI aMka (1941)pRSTha 63 Ti0 2 [1] / 2. vahI, pRSTha 63, Ti0 2 [2] / 3. vahI, pRSTha 63, 64 / 3

Page #734
AcArya pANini se pravacIna vaiyAkaraNa 667 nirvANa - AcArya hemacandra kA nirvANa saM0 1229 meM 84 varSa Satar meM huA / AcArya hemacandra kA uparyukta paricaya hamane prabandhacintAmaNi grantha ( pRSTha 83-65) aura munirAja suzIlavijayajI ke 'kalikAlasarvajJa hemacandrAcArya' lekha' ke anusAra diyA hai / 88 zabdAnuzAsana kI racanA - hemacandra ne gujarAja ke samrAT siddha- 5 rAja ke Adeza se zabdAnuzAsana kI racanA kii| siddharAja kA jayasiMha bhI nAmAntara thA / " siddharAja kA kAla saM0 1950 - 1966 taka mAnA jAtA hai / haipa zabdAnuzAsanaM hemacandraviracitaM siddha haimazabdAnuzAsana saMskRta aura prAkRta donoM 10 bhASAoM kA vyAkaraNa haiM / prArambhika 7 adhyAyoM ke 28 pAdoM meM saMskRtabhASA kA vyAkaraNa hai / isameM 3566 sUtra haiM / grAThaveM adhyAya meM prAkRta, zaurasenI, mAgadhI, paizAcI, cUlikA paizAcI aura apabhraMza Adi kA anuzAsana hai| AThaveM adhyAya meM samasta 1916 sUtra haiM / jaina Agama kI prAkRtabhASA kA anuzAsana pANini ke DhaMga para 'Am' 15 kaha kara samApta kara diyA hai| isa prakAra ke anekavidha prAkRta bhASAtroM kA vyAkaraNa sarvaprathama hemacandra ne hI likhA hai / jainatrasiddhi ke anusAra haimazabdAnuzAsana kI racanA meM kevala eka varSa kA samaya lagA thA / haimabRhadvRtti ke vyAkhyAkAra zrI paM0 candrasAgara sUri ke matAnusAra hemacandrAcArya ne haimavyAkaraNa ko racanA saMvat 1963 - 20 1194 meM kI thI / hamArA vicAra hai ki prAcArya hemacandra ne vyAkaraNa kI racanA saM0 1996-1996 ke madhya kI hai / kyoMki vardhamAna ne saM0 1997 meM gaNaratnamahodadhi likhI hai / yadi saM0 1. zrI jaina satyaprakAza' varSa 7 dIpotsavI zraMka (1949) pRSTha 61-106 / 2. prabandhacintAmaNi, pRSTha 60 / 3. saM0 1950 pUrva zrIsiddharAja jayasiMhadevena varSa 46 rAjyaM kRtam / SP cintAmaNi, pRSTha 76 / isakA pAThAntara bhI dekheM / 4. zrIhemacandrAcAryaiH zrIsiddhahemAbhidhAnamabhinavaM vyAkaraNaM sapAdalakSapramANaM saMvatsareNa racayAMcakre / prabandhacintAmaNi, pRSTha 60 // 5. zrI paM0 candrasAgara sUri prakAzita haimabRhadvRttiM bhArga 2 kI bhUmikA pRSTha 'kau' / 25 : 25

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haimavyAkaraNa kA krama prAcIna zabdAnuzAsanoM ke sadRza nahIM hai / isakI racanA kAtantra ke samAna prakaraNAnusArI hai / isameM yathAkrama saMjJA, svarasandhi, vyaJjanasandhi, nAma, kAraka, Satva, strIpratyaya, samAsa, AkhyAta, kRdanta aura taddhita prakaraNa haiM / 5 10 668 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 1167 se pUrva hemacandra ne vyAkaraNa likhA hotA, to vardhamAna usakA nirdeza avazya karatA / 15 ina cAroM kA varNana anupada kiyA jAyegA / 5 - dhAtupATha aura usakI dhAtupArAyaNa nAmnI vyAkhyA / 6 - gaNapATha aura usakI vRtti / ' 7 - uNAdisUtra aura usakI svopajJA vRtti / 8 - liGgAnuzAsana aura usakI vRtti / ina granthoM kA varNana yathAsthAna tattat prakaraNoM meM kiyA jAyegA / hai vyAkaraNa ke vyAkhyAtA hemacandra AcArya hemacandra ne apane samasta mUla granthoM kI svayaM TIkAeM racI / usane apane vyAkaraNa kI tIna vyAkhyAeM likhI haiM / zAstra meM praveza karanevAle bAlakoM ke liye laghvI vRtti, madhyama buddhivAloM ke lie madhya vRtti, aura kuzAgramati praur3ha vyaktiyoM ke liye bRhatI 25 vRtti kI racanA kI hai / laghvI vRtti kA parimANa lagabhaga 6 sahasra zloka hai, madhya kA 12000 sahasra zloka, aura bRhatI kA 18 sahasra 20 vyAkaraNa ke anya grantha 1 - hai mazabdAnuzAsana kI svopajJA laghvI vRtti ( 6000 zloka parimANa) / 2 - madhya vRtti ( 12000 zloka parimANa) / 3 - bRhatI vRtti (18000 zloka parimANa) / 4- - haimazabdAnuzAsana para bRhannyAsa / 1. munirAja suzIlavijayajI kA lekha 'zrI jaina satyaprakAza, varSa 7, dIpo * tsavI aMka, pRSTha 84 / 2. zrI jaina satyaprakAza, varSa 7, dIpotsavI praka, pRSTha 66 //

Page #736
AcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 666 zloka | AcArya hemacandra ne apane vyAkaraNa para 60 sahasra zloka parimANa kA 'zabdamahArNava nyAsa' apara nAma 'bRhannayAsa' nAmaka vivaraNa likhA thA / yaha cira kAla se aprApya thA / zrIvijayalAvaNyasUrijI ke mahAn prayatna se yaha prArambha se paJcana gradhyAya taka 5 bhAgoM meM prakAzita ho cukA hai / haimazabdAnuzAsana meM smRti granthakAra - isa vyAkaraNa tathA isakI vRttiyoM meM nimnalikhita prAcIna prAcAryoM kA ullekha milatA hai - pili, yAska, zAkaTAyana, gArgya, vedamitra, zAkalya, indra, candra, zeSabhaTTAraka, pataJjali, vArtikakAra, pANini, devanandI, jayAditya, vAmana, vizrAntavidyAdharakAra, vizrAntanyAsakAra ( mallavAdI 10 sUri), jaina zAkaTAyana, durgasiMha, zrutapAla, bhartRhari, kSIrasvAmI, bhoja, nArAyaNakaNThI, sArasaMgrahakAra, dramila, zikSAkAra, utpala upAdhyAya ( kaiyaTa ),' kSIrasvAmI, jayantIkAra, nyAsakAra aura pArAyaNakAra / anya vyAkhyAkAra 15 haimavyAkaraNa para aneka vidvAnoM ne TIkA TippaNI Adi likhe / unake grantha prAyaH duSprApya zrora ajJAta haiM / zrI ambAlAla premacanda zAha ne 'madhyakAlIna bhAratanA mahAvaiyAkaraNa' zIrSaka lekha meM haima vyAkaraNa ke nimna vyAkhyAkAroM kA nirdeza kiyA hai' - 1 - rAmacandra sUri ( hemacandrAcArya ziSya) 2. dharmaghoSa 3. devendra (hemacandra - ziSya) udayasAgara kA ziSya) 4. kanakaprabha (devendra - ziSya ) 5. kAkala (kakkala kAyastha ) laghuvRtti isakA nirdeza hemahaMsagaNi ke nyAyasaMgraha ke nyAsa meM milatA hai / " 6. saubhAgya- sAgara (saM0 - 1591) haima bRhadvRtti DhuMDhikA laghunyAsa ( 5300 zloka) (6000 zloka ) 11 katicid haima durgapada vyAkhyA nyAsoddhAra 1. zrI jaina satyaprakAza varSa 7, dIpotsavI aMka, pRSTha 86 / 2. vahI, pRSTha 86 / 3. kAkalakAyasthakRtalakSaNalaghuvRttisthaH pRSTha 187 / 25 30

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700 `r 10 Tom saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 7. vinayacandra haima (saMskRta) DhuDhikA 8. munizekhara haima laghuvRtti DhuDhikA 6. dhanacandra haima avacUri 10. udaya saubhAgya (saM0 1591) haima caturthapAda vRtti 11. jina sAgara haima vyAkaraNadIpikA 12. ratnazekhara haima vyAkaraNa avacuri 13. vallabha (saM0 1661 jJAna vimalaziSya) haima durgapadavyAkhyA , 14. zrIprabhasUri (saM0 1280) haima kArakasamuccaya " , haimavRtti , DA0 velvAlakara ne 'sisTamsa Apha saMskRta grAmara' nAmaka grantha meM haima vyAkaraNa ke 7 vyAkhyAkAroM kA ullekha kiyA hai| unameM pUrva sUcI se nimna nAma adhika haiM15. vinaya vijayagaNI haima laghaprakriyA 15 16. meghavijaya .. haima kaumudI DA0 velvAlkara ne ajJAtanAmA vyakti ke zabdamahArNava nyAsa kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai, vaha vastutaH prAcArya hemacandra kA svopana nyAsa hai| AcArya hemacandra ke sAhityika kArya ke paricaya ke lie 'zrI jaina 20 satyaprakAza' varSa 7, dIpotsavI aMka (1941) meM pRSTha 75-60 taka zrI ambAlAla premacandra zAha kA 'madhya kAlIna bhAratanA mahAvaiyAkaraNa' lekha, aura pRSTha 61-106 taka zrI munirAja suzIlavijayajI kA 'kalikAlasarvajJa zrI hemacandrAcArya ane temanu sAhitya' lekha dekhanA caahiye| 13. malayagiri (saM0 1188-1250 vi0) ...jaina AcArya malayagiri ne 'zabdAnuzAsana' ke nAma se eka sAnopAGga vyAkaraNa likhA hai| yaha zabdAnuzAsana saM0 2022 (mArca 1667 I0) meM prakAzita huA hai / isake sampAdaka zrI paM0 beca radAsa

Page #738
AcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 701 jIvarAja dozI ne prAcArya malayagiri kA jo paricaya aMgrejIbhASAnibaddha bhUmikA meM diyA hai, pradhAnatayA usI ke AdhAra para hama malayagiri kA paricaya de rahe haiM paricaya vaMza- sambhavataH malayagiri prAcArya mUlataH vaidika matAnuyAyI 5 brAhmaNa kula ke the / vaidika matAnuyAyI rahate hue hI unhoMne 12 varSa kI avasthA meM saMnyAsa liyA thaa| isa anamAna kA AdhAra nAma ke anta meM prayu vaita giri zabda hai| yaha brAhmaNa saMnyAsiyoM ke daNDI Adi 10 prasiddha vibhAgoM meM anyatama hai| saMnyAsa ke sAta varSa pazcAt malayagiri jaina sAdhu bme| inhoMne apane guru vA gaccha Adi kA 10 ullekha kisI grantha meM nahIM kiyA, nA hI anya srotoM se isa viSaya kI jAnakArI prApta hotI haiN| .. janma-kAla- malayagiri kA janma zrI dozI jI ne vi0 saM0 1188 mAnA hai| nAnA hA ..... ..... . deza - malayagiri-viracita jaina AgamoM kI TIkAtroM meM prayukta 15 zabdavizeSoM ke AdhAra para zrI dezI jI ne inakA janmasthAna saurASTra svIkAra kiyA hai| kAla-jinamaNDanagapi // 15 vIM zatI vi0) viracita 'kumArapAla-prabandha' meM likhA hai ki prAcArya hemacandra, ne. devendra zarmA sUri aura malayagiri ke sAtha gaur3adeza ke liye prasthAna kiyA, aura ve khillura 20 grAma meM phuNce| zabdAnuzAsana-racanAkAla- purAne vaiyAkaraNoM ne svakAla-bodhaka viziSTa udAharaNa jaise apane zabdAnuzAsanoM meM diye haiM, usI prakAra malayagiri ne bhI syAte zve (kRdanta 3 / 23) sUtra kI vRtti meM adahadarAtIna kumArapAlaH viziSTa udAharaNa diyA hai / isa se spaSTa 25 hai ki malayagiri kumArapAla ke visI yuddhakAla ke samaya vidyamAna the| kumArapAla ne saM0 1207 meM zAkambhari ke rAjA ko parAjita kiyA thaa| usane vi0 saM0 1217-1227 ke madhya mallikArjuna para ... 1. cittaur3a ke samiddha zvara mandira kA saM0 1207 kA zilAlekha / isameM zAkambharirAja vijayavAle varSa meM hI kumArapAla kA yahAM pUjArtha pAnA likhA 30

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702 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa vijaya prApta kI thI, aisA aitihAsikoM kA mata hai| candrAvatIrAja vijaya ina donoM ke madhya mAnI jAtI hai| nizcaya hI kumArapAla kI ina tIna pradhAna vijayoM meM se kisI eka kI ora malayagiri kA saMketa hai, athavA arAtIna bahavacana se yaha bhI sambhAvanA ho sakato hai ki isa udAharaNa meM kumArapAla kI tInoM pradhAna vijayoM kA saMketa hai| isa prakAra malayagiri dvArA prastuta vyAkaraNa aura usakI svopajJa TIkA kI racanA kA kAla vi0 saM0 1227 ke pazcAt svIkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| zrI dozI jI ne bhI likhA hai ki prAcArya hemacandra ke nirvANa (saM0 1226) se kucha pUrva malayagiri ne svIya zabdAnuzAsana 10 kI racanA kI thii| dozI jI ke isa lekha meM 14 varSa kI avasthA meM zabdAnuzAsana kI racanA batAI gaI hai| nizcaya hI yahAM fourty ke sthAna meM fourteen zabda kA prayoga anavadhAnatAmUlaka athavA mudraNapramAdajanya hai kyoMki saM0 1188 meM janma mAnane aura AcArya hema candra ke nirvANakAla saM0 1226 se pUrva vyAkaraNa-racanA svIkAra 15 karane para 40 varSa kI avasthA meM hI vyAkaraNa-racanA siddha hotI hai / nirvANa - malayagiri kA kitane varSa kI avasthA meM kaba nivANa hA, isakA koI saMketa prApta nahIM hotA / malayagiri ne jaina AgamoM tathA anya jaina 'granthoM para jo lagabhaga do lakSa zloka parimANa kA vRtti-vAGamaya likhA, usameM svIya zabdAnuzAsana ke sUtroM kA nirdeza 20 hone se spaSTa hai ki yaha ati vistRta vRtti-vAGmaya zabdAnuzAsana kI racanA (saM0 1228) ke pazcAt likhA gayA hai / itane vizAla vRttivAGamaya ko dekhate hue yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki prAcArya malayagiri zabdAnuzAsana kI racanA (saM0 1228) ke pazcAt 20-25 varSa avazya jIvita rahe hoNge| ataH hamane prAcArya malayagiri kA kAla saM0 25 1188-1250 vi0 taka sAmAnyarUpa se mAnA hai| zabdAnuzAsana prAcArya malayagiri ne sva zabdAnuzAsana prakriyAkramAnusAra sandhi nAma prAkhyAta kRdanta aura taddhita 5 bhAgoM meM vibhakta karake likhA hai / pratyeka vibhAga meM pAdasaMjJaka avAntara vibhAga haiM, jinakI gayA hai| nADela grAma ke saM0 1213 ke zilAlekha meM bhI isa vijaya kA varNana milatA hai|

Page #740
prAcAya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 703 sakhyA kramazaH 5+8+10+6+11 hai, arthAt 41 pAda haiM / upalabdha grantha khaNDita hai, ataH sUtra saMkhyA kitanI hai, yaha nahIM kahA jA sktaa| nAmAntara-malayagiri-viracita bRhat kalpavRtti kI pUrti kSemakIrti ne kI thii| usameM isa zabdAnuzAsana kA ullekha muSTivyAkaraNa 5 ke nAma se kiyA hai| svopajJavRtti-vaiyAkaraNa-sampradAya ke anusAra malayagiri ne bhI apane zabdAnuzAsana para vRtti likhI hai / yaha zabdAnuzAsana ke sAtha / mudrita ho cukI hai| parimANa-malayagiri-racita zabdAnuzAsana evaM usakI svopajJa 10 vRtti kA parimANa pAMca sahasra zloka hai| - paM0 vizvanAtha mizra kI bhUla-paM0 vizvanAtha mizra ne jaise aneka vAra mudrita cAndra vyAkaraNa kI anupalabdhi (pUrva pRSTha 646) likhI hai vaise hI malayagiri zabdAnuzAsana ko bhI anupalabdha kahA hai| yaha hai zodhakartA ke parijJAna kA eka namUnA / . anya grantha ... vyAkaraNa-sambandhI-malayagiri ne zabdAnuzAsana se sambaddha uNAdi dhAtupArAyaNa gaNapATha aura liGgAnuzAsana kI bhI racanA kI thI, parantu ve upalabdha nahIM hai| inhoMne 'prAkRtavyAkaraNa' bhI racA thaa| sambhava hai ki AcArya hemacandra ke anakaraNa para unhoMne saMskRta- 20 vyAkaraNa ke anta meM hI use nibaddha kiyA ho / yaha prAkRta-vyAkaraNa bho samprati upalabdha nahIM hai| __ jainamata-sambandhI-malayagiri ne jainamata ke 6 AgamoM, tathA haribhadrasadRza AcAryoM ke granthoM para bhI vRttiyAM likhI haiM / ye vRttiyAM ati vistIrNa aura praur3ha haiM / ina vRttiyoM kA parimANa lagabhaga do .25 lakSa zloka hai| . prAgama lekhana se pUrva zamdAnuzAsana kI racanA-malayagiri ne apanI jainAgamoM kI vRttiyoM meM svIya zabdAnuzAsana ke sUtra hI uddhRta kiye haiM / isase spaSTa hai ki malayagiri ne itane vizAla vRtti-vAGamaya / kI racanA se pUrva hI zabdAnuzAsana kI racanA kara lI thii| 30

Page #741
704 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa atpakAlika vaiyAkaraNa ___ AcArya hemacandra aura prAcArya malayagiri saMskRta-zabdAnuzAsana ke antima racayitA haiN| inake sAtha hI uttara bhArata meM saMskRta ke utkRSTa maulika granthoM kA racanAkAla samApta ho jAtA hai| usake anantara videzI musalamAnoM ke AkramaNa aura Adhipatya se bhArata kI prAcIna dhArmika, sAmAjika aura rAjanItika vyavasthAnoM meM bhArI uthala-puthala huii| janatA ko vividha asahya yAtanAeM sahanI pdd'ii| aise bhayaMkara kAla meM naye utkRSTa vAGamaya kI racanA sarvathA asambhava thii| usa kAla meM bhAratIya vidvAnoM ke sAmane prAcIna vAGamaya kI 10 rakSA kI hI atyanta mahattvapUrNa samasyA utpanna ho gayI thii| adhikatara Arya rAjyoM ke naSTa ho jAne se vidvAnoM ko sadA se prApta honevAlA rAjyAzraya bhI prApta honA durlabha ho gayA thaa| aneka vighna-bAdhAoM ke hote hae bhI tAtkAlika vidvAnoM ne prAcIna granthoM kI rakSArtha una para TIkA-TippaNI likhane kA krama barAbara pracalita rakkhA / usI 15 kAla meM saMskRtabhASA ke pracAra ko jIvita-jAgata rakhane ke liye tatkAlIna vaiyAkaraNoM ne aneka naye laghukAya vyAkaraNa granthoM kI racanAeM kii| isa kAla ke kaI vyAkaraNa-granthoM meM sAmpradAyika manovRtti bhI parilakSita hotI hai / isa arvAcIna kAla meM jitane vyAkaraNa vane, unameM nimna vyAkaraNa kucha mahattvapUrNa haiM - 20 1-jaumara 2-sArasvata 3-mugdhabodha 4-supadma 5-bhoja vyAkaraNa' 6-bhaTTa akalaGka kRta aba hama inakA nAmoddezamAtra se varNana karate haiM 25 14. kramadIzvara (saM0 1300 vi0 se pUrva) krapadIzvara ne 'saMkSiptasAra' nAmaka eka vyAkaraNa racA hai| yaha samprati usake pariSkartA jumaranandI ke nAma para 'jomara' nAma se prasiddha hai / kramadIzvara ne svIya vyAkaraNa para rasavatI nAmnI eka vRtti bhI racI thii| usI vRtti kA jumaranandI ne pariSkAra kiyaa| 1. bhoja vyAkaraNa vinayasAgara upAdhyAya kRta hai / 2. sambhavataH hemacandrAcArya aura vopadeva ke madhya / /

Page #742
AcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 705 isIliye aneka hastalekhoM ke anta meM nimna pATha upalabdha hotA hai' iti vAdIndracakracUDAmaNimahApaNDitazrI kramadIzvarakRtau saMkSiptasAre mahArAjAdhirAjajumaranandizoSitAyAM vRttau rasavatyAM / 86 deza - pazcima baGga pradeza meM bhAgIrathI kA dakSiNa pradeza kramadIzvara kI janma bhUmi thI / yaha pradeza 'vAghA' nAma se prasiddha hai / isI 5 pradeza meM kramadIzvara vyAkaraNa pracalita rahA / ' pariSkarttA - jumaranandI uparyukta uddharaNa se rAjA thA / kaI loga jumara cintya hai | vyakta hai ki jumaranandI kisI pradeza kA zabda kA saMbandha julAhA se lagAte haiM, yaha pariziSTakAra - goyIcandra goyIcandra pratyAsanika ne sUtrapATha, uNAdi aura paribhASApATha para TIkAeM likhIM, aura usane jaumara vyAkaraNa ke pariziSToM kI racanA kI / iNDiyA aphisa landana ke pustakAlaya meM 836 saMkhyA kA eka hastalekha hai, usa para 'goyIcanda kRta jaumara vyAkaraNa pariziSTa' 15 likhA hai / goyacandra- TIkA ke vyAkhyAkAra 1 - nyAyapaJcAnana - vidyavinoda ke putra nyAyapaJcAnana ne saM0 1766 meM goyIcandra kI TIkA para eka vyAkhyA likhI hai / 2 - tArakapaJcAnana - tAraka paJcAnana ne durghaTodghATa nAmnI 20 vyAkhyA likhI hai / usake anta meM likhA hai 'goyIRdramataM samyagabuddhvA dUSitaM tu yat / - anyathA vivRtaM yadvA tanmayA prakaTIkRtam // ' 3 - candrazekhara vidyAlaMkAra 5 - harirAma 4 - vaMzIvAdana ina kA kAla ajJAta hai / 6 - gopAla cakravartI - isakA ullekha kolabruka ne kiyA hai 10 1. satyanArAyaNavarmA kA kramadIvara vyAkaraNaviSayako vimarzaH lekha, paramArtha sudhA, varSa 5, aMka 3, saM0 2038, pRSTha 10 31 1 25 (

Page #743
706 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa goyIcandra TIkA ke vyAkhyAkAroM kA nirdeza hamane DA0 belvAlkara ke 'sisTams opha saMskRta grAmara' ke AdhAra para kiyA haiN| isa vyAkaraNa kA pracalanaH samprati pazcimI baMgAla taka sImita 15. sArasvata-vyAkaraNakAra (saM0 1250 vi0 ke lagabhaga) sArasvata vyAkaraNa ke viSaya meM prasiddha hai ki anubhUtisvarUpAcArya ke mukha se vRddhAvasthA ke kAraNa dantavihIna hone se kisI vidvatsabhA meM puMsu ke sthAna para pukSu apazabda nikala gayA / vidvAnoM dvArA apazabda ke prayoga para upahAsa hone para anubhUtisvarUpa ne ukta apazabda ke sAdhutva jJApana ke liye ghara para Akara sarasvatI devI se prArthanA kii| usane prasanna hokara 700 sUtra diye| unhIM ke AdhAra para anabhUtisvarUpa ne isa vyAkaraNa kI racanA kii| kinhIM ke mata meM sarasvatI devI ke dvArA mUla sUtroM kA Agama hone se isa kA 'sArasvata' nAma 15 huaa| 20 isa kiMvadantI meM kahAM taka satyatA hai, yaha kahanA kaThina hai| punarapi isa kiMvadantI se itanA spaSTa hai ki madhyakAlIna vidvAn asatya ko satya siddha karane ke liye bhI tatpara ho jAte the| vastutaH oNrSa aura anArSa granthoM kI racanA meM pramukha bheda hai| isIliye zrIdaNDI svAmI virajAnanda aura unake ziSya svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ne ArSa granthoM ke adhyayana evaM anArSa granthoM ke parityAga para vizeSa bala diyA hai|' yadyapi sArasvata vyAkaraNa ke anta meM prAyaH 'anubhUtisvarUpAcArya: viracite' pATha milatA hai, tathApi usake prArambhika zloka 'praNamya paramAtmAnaM baaldhiivRddhisiddhye| sarasvatImRju kurve prakriyAM nAtivistarAm // ' se vidita hotA hai ki anubhUtisvarUpAcArya isa vyAkaraNa kA mUla lekhaka nahIM hai / vaha to usakI prakriyA ko sarala karanevAlA hai / 1. dra0-satyArthaprakAza, samullAsa 3, paThana-pAThana vidhi, pRSTha 66-106 30 (rAmalAla kapUra TrasTa saMskaraNa) / vizeSa dra0-pRSTha 66 /

Page #744
prAcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 707 ___sArasvata sUtroM kA racayitA .. kSemendra apanI sArasvataprakriyA ke anta meM likhatA hai'iti zrInarendrAcAryakRte sArasvate kSemendraTippanaM samAptam / ' . isase pratIta hotA hai ki sArasvata sUtroM kA mUla racayitA . 'narendrAcArya' nAmaka vaiyAkaraNa hai| amarabhAratI nAmaka eka anya 5 TIkAkAra bhI likhatA hai| 'yannarendranagariprabhASitaM yacca vaimalasarasvatIritam / ...... tanmayAtra likhitaM tathAdhikaM kiJcideva kalitaM svayA dhiyA // viThThala ne prakriyAkaumudI kI TIkA meM narendrAcArya ko asakRt / uddhRta kiyA hai| eka narendrasena vaiyAkaraNa 'pramANaprameyakalikA' kA kartA hai / isa ke guru kA nAma kanakasena, aura usake guru kA nAma ajitasena thaa| narendrasena kA cAndra, kAtantra, jainendra aura pANinIya tantra para pUrA adhikAra thA / isakA kAla zakAbda 675 arthAt vi0 saM0 1110 hai| yadyapi narendrAcArya aura narendrasena kI ekatA kA koI upodvalaka 15 pramANa prApta nahIM huA, tathApi hamAsa vicAra hai ki ye donoM eka haiN| uparyukta pramANoM se itanA spaSTa hai ki narendra yA narendrAcArya ne koI sArasvata vyAkaraNa avazya racA thA, jo abhI taka mUla rUpa meM prApta nahIM huaA / isa viSaya meM bhI dhyAna rakhane yogya bAta hai ki 20 vartamAna sArasvata-vyAkaraNa kI prathama vRtti taddhitabhAga paryanta hai| isa meM kiMvadantI meM prasiddha 700 sUtrasaMkhyA pUrNa ho jAtI hai / ata: ina 700 sUtroM kA racayitA narendrAcArya ho sakatA hai| .. isa saMbhAvanA meM yaha upodbalaka eka pramANa aura bhI hai ki sArasvata vyAkaraNa kI prathama vRtti ke anta meM anubhUtisvarUpa kA nAma 4 nahIM miltaa| dvitIya aura tRtIya vatti ke anta meM 'iti...... / anubhUtisvarUpAcAryaviracitAyAM......"samAptaH' pATha milatA hai| ata yaha sambhAvanA adhika yukta pratIta hotI hai ki sArasvata vyAkaraNa kA prathama 700 sUtrAtmaka bhAga narendrAcArya.viracita ho, aura zeSa bhAga anubhUtisvarUpAcArya viracita / saMskRta vAGamaya meM 30

Page #745
saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa aneka grantha aise haiM, jinake lekhaka do-do vyakti haiM / parantu pUrA grantha unameM se kisI eka ke nAma para hI prasiddha ho jAtA hai / yathA-- skanda aura mahezvaraviracita nirukta TIkA skanda ke nAma se, bANa aura usake putra dvArA viraMcita kAdambarI bANa ke nAma se, zarvavarmA aura vararuci viracita kAtantra zarvavarmA ke nAma se hI prasiddha hai / 708 sArasvata ke do pATha - jaise jainendra vyAkaraNa kA mUla pATha prAcArya devanandI prokta hai, aura usakA dUsarA zabdArNava ke nAma se prasiddha pATha guNanandI dvArA paribRMhita pATha hai, usI prakAra sArasvata vyAkaraNa ke bhI do pATha haiM / isakA dUsarA paribRMhita pATha siddhAntacandrikA 10 nAma se prasiddha hai / isa kA paribRMhaNa rAmAzrama bhaTTa ne kiyA hai / donoM pAThoM meM lagabhaga 800 sUtroM kA nyUnAdhikya hai / isake sAtha hI prakriyAMza meM bhI kahIM-kahIM bheda hai / ina donoM ke uNAdipATha meM bhI antara haiM / sArasvata meM uNAdisUtroM kI saMkhyA kevala 33 hai, parantu siddhAntacandrikA meM uNAdisUtroM kI saMkhyA 370 ho gaI haiM / kaI 15 vidvAn donoM vyAkaraNoM ke vaiSamya ko dekhakara 'siddhAntacandrikA' ko . 25 svatantra vyAkaraNa mAnate haiM, parantu hamAre vicAra meM use sArasvata kA paribRMhita rUpa hI mAnanA adhika yukta hai / sArasvata ke TIkAkAra 20 sArasvata vyAkaraNa para aneka vaiyAkaraNoM ne TIkAeM rciiN| unameM se jinakI TIkAeM prApya vA jJAta hai, unake nAma isa prakAra haiM 1 - kSemendra (saM0 1260 vi0 1.) mendra ne sArasvata para 'TippaNa' nAma se eka laghu vyAkhyAna likhA hai / yaha haribhaTTa vA haribhadra ke putra kRSNazarmA kA ziSya thA / ataH yaha spaSTa hai ki yaha kazmIra dezaja mahAkavi kSemendra se bhinna hai / 2 - dhanezvara (saM0 1275 vi0 ) dhanezvara ne sArasvata para 'kSemendra - TippaNa-khaNDana' likhA hai / yaha dhanezvara prasiddha vaiyAkaraNa vopadeva kA guru thA / isane taddhita prakaraNa 1. agalA TIkAkAroM kA saMkSipta varNana hamane pradhAnatayA DA0 velvAlkara ke 'sisTams Apha saMskRta grAmara ke AdhAra para kiyA hai, parantu krama aura 30 kAla-nirdeza hamane apane matAnusAra diyA hai /

Page #746
AcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 706 ke anta meM apanI prazasti meM pAMca zloka likhe haiN| unase jJAta hotA hai ki dhanezvara ne mahAbhASya para 'cintAmaNi' nAmaka TIkA, 'prakriyAmaNi' nAmaka nayA vyAkaraNa, aura padmapurANa ke eka stotra para TIkA likhI thI / mahAbhASyaTIkA kA varNana hama pUrva kara cuke haiM / ' 3 - anubhUtisvarUpa (saM0 1300 vi0 ) anubhUtisvarUpa AcArya ne sArasvata - prakriyA likhI hai / 4 - zramRtabhAratI (saM0 1550 vi0 se pUrva ) amRtabhAratI ne sArasvata para 'subodhinI' nAmnI TIkA likhI . hai / yaha amala sarasvatI kA ziSya thA / 10 isake hastalekhoM meM vividha pAThoM ke kAraNa lekhaka aura usake guru ke nAmoM meM sandeha utpanna hotA hai| kucha zradvaya sarasvatI ke ziSya vizvezvarAbdhi kA ullekha karate haiM, kucha brahmasAgara muni ke ziSya satyaprabodha bhaTTAraka kA nirdeza karate haiM / isa TIkA kA saba se purAnA hastalekha saM0 1554 kA hai / isa kA nirmANa 'kSetre vyadhAyi puruSottamasaMjJake'smin ' ke anusAra puruSottama kSetra meM huA thA / 5 - puJjarAja (saM0 1550 vi0 ) 15 puJjarAja ne sArasvata para 'prakriyA' nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai / yaha mAlavA ke zrImAla parivAra kA thA / isane jisase zikSA grahaNa kI, vaha mAlavA ke bAdazAha gayAsuddIna khilajI kA artha mantrI thA / gayAsuddIna kA kAla vi0 saM0 1526- 1557 taka hai| 20 nAsiruddIna dvArA puJjarAja kI hatyA - gayAsuddIna khilajI kA lar3akA nAsiruddIna bar3A kAmI (aiyAza) thA / vaha rAjya ke dhana kA apavyaya karatA thaa| puJjarAja ne isa apavyaya kI sUcanA gayAsuddIna ko dI / isa kAraNa nAsiruddIna puJjarAja kA zatru bana gayA / usane eka dina avasara pAkara ghara para lauTate hue puJjarAja ko maravA 25 diyA / gayAsuddIna apane lar3ake ke isa kukRtya para atyanta kruddha huA / isase bhayabhIta hokara nAsiruddIna rAjya chor3akara calA gyaa| do tIna varSa pazcAt sainya-saMgraha karake 'mANDU' para car3hAI kara apane pitA ko kaida karake mANDU kA adhikArI banA / 1. dra0 - pUrva pRSTha 434 // 30

Page #747
710 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa - anya grantha-puJjarAja ne alaMkAra para zizu-prabodha ora dhvaniprabodha do grantha likhe haiN| 6-satyaprabodha (saM0 1556 vi0 se pUrva) satyaprabodha ne sArasvata para eka dIpikA likhI hai| isakA saba se 5 purAnA hastalekha saM0 1556 kA hai| DA0 belvAlkara ne isakA nirdeza nahIM kiyA hai| 7-mAdhava (saM0 1561 vi0 se pUrva) ' mAdhava ne siddhAntaratnAvalI nAmaka TIkA likhI hai| isake pitA kA nAma kAhanU aura guru kA nAma zrIraGga thA / isa TIkA kA saba se 10 purAnA hastalekha saM0 1561 kA hai| .. ___-candrakoti sUri (saM0 1600 vi0 ?) candrakIti sUri ne subodhikA vA dIpikA nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai / ise granthakAra ke nAma para candrakIrti TIkA bhI kahate haiN| grantha ke anta meM dI gaI prazasti ke anusAra isakA lekhaka jaina matAnuyAyI 15 thA, aura nAgapura ke bRhad gaccha (tapAgaccha)' se sambandha rakhatA thA / prazasti meM likhA hai- .... .. 'zrImatsAhisalemabhUpatinA sammAnitaH saadrm| sUriH sarvakalindi kA kalitadhIH zrIcandrakItiH prabhaH // 3 // dehalI ke bAdazAha zAhI salIma sUra kA rAjyakAla saM0 160220 1610 (san 1545-1553) hai / ataH candrakItisUri ne isI samaya meM subodhikA vyAkhyA likhI / - candrakIti sUri viracita sArasvata dIpikA kA eka hastalekha 'kalakattA saMskRta kAleja' ke pustakAlaya meM hai| usake anta meM nimna pATha hai___ 'iti zrImannAgapurIyatapAgacchAdhIzarAjabhaTTAraka vandrakotisUriviracitAyAM sArasvatavyAkaraNasya dIpikAyAM sampUrNAH / zrIrastu kalyANamastu saM0 1365 varSe / ' dra0-sUcIpatra bhAga 8, vyAkaraNa hastalekha saMkhyA 111 / saM0 1365 ko zaka saMvat mAnane para bhI vi0 saM0 1530 hotA hai, vaha 30 1. 'zramaga' patrikA, varSa 30; aMka 12 (akTUbara 1970) pRSTha 37 / 2. vahI, pRSTha 27 /

Page #748
prAcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 711 bhI saMbhava nahIM hai / ataH hamAre vicAra meM hastalekha meM jo saMvat diyA hai, usameM lekhaka prasAda se azuddhi ho gaI hai| yahAM sambhavataH saM0 1565 denA cAhie thaa| dIpikAyAM sampUrNAH pAThaM se bhI pratIta hotA hai ki lekhaka vizeSa paThita nahIM thaa| candrakIti sUri nAgapurIya bRhad gaccha ke saMsthApaka devasUri se 15 vIM pIDhI meM the| devasUri kA kAla saMvat 1.174 hai| ataH candrakIrti kA kAla 16 vIM zatI kA anta aura 17 vIM zatI kA prArambha mAnanA adhika yukta pratIta hotA hai| candrakIrti ke ziSya harSakItti sUri ne sArasvata vyAkaraNa se saMbaddha dhAtupATha kI racanA kI aura usa para 'dhAtu taraGgiNI; nAmnI vRtti 10 likhI thii| isa kA ullekha 'dhAtU pATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (3)' nAmaka bAIsaveM adhyAya meM kreNge| . ........ ____- raghunAtha (saM0 1600 vi0 ke lagabhaga) raghunAtha ne pAtaJjala mahAbhASya ke anukaraNa para sArasvata sUtroM para laghu bhASya rcaa| isake pitA kA nAma vinAyaka thaa| yaha prasiddha 15 vaiyAkaraNa bhaTToji dIkSita kA ziSya thA / bhaTToji dIkSita kA kAla adhika se adhika vi0 saM0 1570-1650 mAnA jA sakatA hai| (dra0-pUrva pRSTha. 531-533) / ataH raghunAtha ne saM0 1600 ke lagabhaga yaha bhASya likhA hogaa| DA0 belvAlkara ne isakA kAla IsA kI 17 vIM zatI kA madhya mAnA hai, vaha cintya hai| ....... 20 10- megharatna (saM0 1614 vi0 se pUrva) __megharatna ne DhuMDhikA athavA dIpikA nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai| yaha jaina mata ke bRhat kharatara gacchaM se saMbaddha zrIvinayasundara kA ziSya thaa| 'isa vyAkhyA kA hastalekha saM0 1614 kA milatA hai| .. 11-maNDana (saM0 1632 vi0 se pUrva) 25 maNDana ne sArasvata kI eka TIkA likhI hai / isake pitA kA nAma 'vAhada' kA 'vAhada kA eka bhAI padama thaa| vaha mAlavA ke alapazAhI vA alAma kA mantrI thA, aura vAhada eka saMghezvara vA saMghapati thaa| yaha saMketa granthakAra ne svayaM TIkA meM kiyA hai| isakA saba se purAnA hastalekha saM0 1632 kA upalabdha hai|

Page #749
712 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 12-vAsudevabhaTTa (saM0 1634 vi0) vAsudevabhaTTa ne prasAda nAma kI eka vyAkhyA likhI thI / yaha caNDIzvara kA ziSya thaa| vAsudeva ne grantharacanA-kAla isa prakAra diyA hai - 5 saMvatsare vedavahnirasabhUmisamanvite / zavau kRSNa dvitIyAyAM prasAdo'yaM nirUpitaH' // isa zloka ke anusAra saM0 1634 ASAr3ha kRSNA dvitIyA ko sArasvata prasAda' TIkA samApta huI / 13 rAmabhaTTa (saM0 1650 vi0 ke lagabhaga) 10 rAmabhaTTa ne vidvat-prabodhinI nAmnI TIkA likhI hai / isane apane granya meM apanA aura apane parivAra kA paryApta varNana kiyA hai| rAmabhaTTa ke pitA kA nAma 'narasiMha' thA, aura mAtA kA 'kAmA' / yaha mUlataH tailaGga deza kA nivAsI thA, saMbhavataH vAraGgala kaa| vahAM se yaha AMdhra meM Akara basa gayA thaa| una dinoM vahAM kA zAsaka 15 prata. rudra thaa| isake do putra the-lakSmIdhara aura janArdana / unakA vivAha karake 77 varSa kI vaya meM vaha tIrthATana ko niklaa| isa yAtrA meM hI usane yaha vyAkhyA likhii| isa kRti kA mukhya lakSya haipavitra tIrthoM kA varNana / pratyeka prakaraNa ke anta meM kisI na kisI tIrtha kA varNana milatA hai / yadyapi yAtrA kA pUrNa varNana nahIM hai, 20 tathApi Aja se 350 varSa pUrva ke samAja kA citra acche prakAra citrita hai| isane ratnAkara nArAyaNa bhAratI kSemaMkara praura mahIdhara Adi kA ullekha kiyA hai| 14-kAzInAtha bhaTTa (saM0 1672 vi0 se pUrva) kAzInAtha bhaTa ne bhASya nAmaka eka TIkA likhI hai| parantu yaha 25 nAma ke anurUpa nahIM hai / yaha sambhavataH saM0 1667 se pUrva vidyamAna thaa| isa saMvat meM burahAnapura meM isa TIkA kI eka pratilipi kI gaI thii| dra0-bhaNDArakara iMsTITayU Ta pUMnA saMn 1880-81 ke saMgraha kA 262 saMkhyA kA hstlekh| 15-bhaTTa gopAla (saM0 1672 vi0 se pUrva) 30 bhaTTa gopAla kI 'sArasvata vyAkhyA' kA eka hastalekha saM0 1672

Page #750
10 10 . AcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa :713 kA milatA hai| usase granthakAra ke viSaya meM kucha bhI jJAta nahIM hotA / . . : . .16-sahajakIti (saM0 1681 vi0) sahajakIti ne prakriyAvAtika nAmnI eka vyAkhyA likhI hai / yaha jaina matAvalambI thA, aura kharatara gaccha ke hemanandanagaNi kA ziSya 5 . thaa| lekhaka ne granthalekhanakAla svayaM likhA hai'vatsare bhuumsiddhynggkaashypiiprmitishrite| mAghasya zuklapaJcamyAM divase pUrNatAmagAt // ' arthAt saM0 1681 mAgha zuklA paJcamI ko grantha pUrA huaa| 17-haMsavijayagaNi (saM0 1708 vi0). ' haMsavijayagaNi ne zabdArthacandrikA nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai| yaha jaina matAvalambI thA, aura vijayAnanda kA ziSya thaa| yaha saM0 1708 meM vidyamAna thaa| yaha TIkA ati sAdhAraNa hai| 18-jagannAtha (?) ... jagannAtha kA grantha upalabdha nahIM haiM / isa kA nirdeza dhanendra nAmaka , TIkAkAra ne kiyA haiM / isa TIkA kA nAma 'sArapradIpikA' hai| ... ina TIkAtroM ke atirikta sArasvata vyAkaraNa ke sAtha dUrataH sambandha rakhanevAlI kucha vyAkhyAeM aura bhI haiM / parantu ve vastutaH sArasvataH ke rUpAntara ko upasthita karatI haiM / aura kucha meM to vaha rUpAntara. itanA ho gayA hai ki vaha svatantra vyAkaraNa bana gayA hai, yathA rAmacandrAzrama kI siddhaantcndrikaa|.............. --sArasvata ke rUpAntarakAra aba hama sArasvata ke rUpAntaroM ko upasthita karanevAlI vyAkhyAoM kA ullekha karate haiM 1-tarkatilaka bhaTTAcArya (saM0 1672 vi0) tarkatilaka bhaTTAcArya ne sArasvata kA eka rUpAntara kiyA, aura usa para svayaM vyAkhyA likhii| yaha dvArikA bA dvArikAdAsa kA putra thaa| isakA bar3A bhAI mohana madhusUdana thaa| isane apane rUpAntara ke ke lie likhA hai

Page #751
714 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 'idaM paramahaMsazrImadanubhUtilikhane kSIre nIramiva prkssiptm|' arthAt maiMne anubhUtisvarUpa ke kSIrarUpI grantha meM nIra ke samAna prakSepa kiyA hai / arthAt jaise kSIra nIra milakara ekAkAra ho jAte haiM, vaise hI yaha grantha bhI bana gayA hai / granthakAra ne vRttilekhana kA kAla isa prakAra prakaTa kiyA hainayanamunikSitipAMke (1672) varSe nagare ca hoddaakhye| vRttiriyaM saMsiddhA kSiti bhavati zrIjahAMgIre // arthAt -jahAMgIra ke rAjyakAla meM saM0 1672 meM 'hoDA' nagara . meM yaha vRtti pUrita huii| 2-rAmAzrama (saM0 1741 vi0 se pUrva) rAmAzrama ne bhI sArasvata kA rUpAntara karake usa para siddhAntacandrikA nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai| rAmacandra kA itivRtta ajJAta hai| kucha vidvAnoM ke mata meM bhaTToji dIkSita ke putra bhAnuji dIkSita kA hI rAmAzrama vA rAmacandrAzrama 15 nAma hai / isa para lokezakara ne saM0 1741 meM TIkA likhI hai / ataH yaha usase pUrvabhAvI hai, itanA nizcita rUpa se kahA jA sakatA hai| isane apanI TIkA kA eka saMkSepa 'laghusiddhAntacandrikA' bhI likhI hai| siddhAnta-candrikA ke TIkAkAra (1) lokezakara-lokezakara ne siddhAntacandrikA para tattva20 dIpikA-nAmnI TIkA likhI hai| yaha rAmakara kA pautra aura kSemakara kA putra thaa| granthalekhanakAla anta meM isa prakAra diyA hai candravedahayabhUmisaMyute vatsare nabhasi mAse zobhane / zuklapakSadazamotiyAviyaM dIpikA budhapradIpikA kRtaa|| arthAt saM0 1741 zrAvaNa zuklapakSa dazamI ko dIpikA pUrNa huii| 25 (2) sadAnanda-sadAnanda ne siddhAntacandrikA para subodhinI TIkA likhI hai| isane TIkA kA racanAkAla nidhinandArvabhUvarSe (1766) likhA hai| (3) vyupattisArakAra-hamAre pAsa siddhAntacandrikA ke uNAdi prakaraNa para likhe gae 'vyutpattisAra' nAmaka grantha ke hastalekha

Page #752
prAcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 715 haiM / granthakAra kA nAma ajJAta hai / isane sampUrNa siddhAntacandrikA kI TIkA kI vA uNAdi bhAga kI hI, yaha ajJAta hai / isa kA vizeSa varNana hama 'uNAdisUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA' nAmaka 24veM adhyAya meM kareMge / 3 - jinendra vA jinaratna jinendra vA jinaratna ne siddhAntaratna TIkA likhI hai / yaha bahuta arvAcIna hai / nibandha-grantha DA0 belvAlkara ne sArasvata - prakaraNa ke anta meM nimna granthakAroM ke granthoM kA aura nirdeza kiyA hai - 10 1 - harSakIrtikRta taraGgiNI - yaha candrakIrti kA ziSya thA / harSakIrti ne saM0 1717 meM taraGgiNI likhI hai / sambhavataH yaha harSakIrti viracita sArasvata dhAtupATha kI 'dhAtutaraGgiNI' nAmaka vyAkhyA ho candrakIrti sUri kA kAla saM0 1600 ke lagabhaga hai / ataH usa ke ziSya harSakIrti dvArA saM0 1717 meM taraGgiNI likhanA 15 sambhavaH nahIM / sambhavataH DA0 velvAlkara ne kisI hastalekha para saM0 1717 kA ullekha dekha kara hI use grantharacanA kA kAla samajha liyA hogA / 2 - jJAnatIrtha - isane kRta taddhita aura uNAdi ke udAharaNa die haiM / isakA eka hastalekha saM0 1704 kA milA hai / 3 - mAdhva - isane sArasvata ke zabdoM ke viSaya meM eka grantha likhA hai, sambhavataH saM0 0 1680 meM 1 DA0 belvAlkara kI bhUla - DAkTara belvAlkara ne isI prakaraNa meM likhA hai ki sArasvata ke uNAdi paribhASApATha aura dhAtupATha para TIkAeM nahIM hai / yaha lekha cintya hai / paribhASATha ke atirikta dhAtupATha aura uNAdipATha kI TIkAoM kA varNana hama dvitIya bhAga meM yathAsthAna kareMge / 25 1 20 16. vopadeva (saM0 1287 - 1350 vi0 ) vopadeva ne 'mugdhabodha' nAma ke laghu vyAkaraNa kI racanA kI thI / 30

Page #753
716 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa isa kA pracAra yadyapi baGgAla taka hI sImita hai tathApi yaha vaiyAkaraNa nikAya meM bahata pratiSThita hA / isa ke uddharaNa prakriyAkaumudI tathA usakI prasAda TIkA meM bahutAyata se milate haiN| uttaravartI bhaTToji dIkSita Adi ne bahutra isa ke mata uddhRta kiye haiN| 2. paricaya'-vopadeva ke pitA kA nAma 'kezava' thaa| yaha apane samaya kA prasiddha bhiSak thaa| pitAmaha kA nAma 'mahAdeva' thaa| vopadeva ke guru kA nAma 'dhaneza' thA / yadi isI dhaneza kA hI dhanezvara bhI nAma hove to mAnanA hogA ki isane mahAbhASya kI 'cintAmaNi' nAma kI eka vyAkhyA likhI thii| dhaneza ne vaidyaka kA 'cintAmaNi' saMjJaka 10 grantha likhA thA, yaha sarvaprasiddha hai| dhaneza aura dhanezvara nAma kI artha sAmyatA aura donoM granthoM kI cintAmaNi nAma kI sAmyatA se hamArA mata yahI hai ki vopadeva ke guru dhaneza ne hI mahAbhASya kI 'cintAmaNi' nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI thii| isa kA ullekha hama pUrva pRSTha (434) para kara cuke haiN| aneka Adhunika vidvAn mahAbhASya 15 kI cintAmaNi vyAkhyA ke lekhaka dhanezvara kA kAla vikrama kI 16vIM zatI mAnate haiN| ___ vopadeva ne apane granthoM meM 'vedapada' 'vedapadoka' 'vedapadAspada' Adi kA nirdeza kiyA hai / kavikalpadruma ke anta meM tena vedapadasthena vopadevadvijena yaH nirdeza milatA hai / isa ke AdhAra para aneka vidvAn 20 vopadeva ko vedapada nAmaka grAma vA nagara kA nivAsI mAnate haiN| ...' bAraruca saMgraha kI nArAyaNa kRta dIpaprabhA TIkA ke anta meM vedonAma mahatpadaM janapado yatra dvijAnAM tatiH vacana meM vedapada nAmaka janapada kA ullekha haiN| isa kI tulanA se vopadeva kA janapada vedapada honA cAhiye na ki grAma vA nagara / mugdhabodha ke anta meM ullikhita vopa25 devazcakAredaM vipro vedapadAspadam vacana meM vedapadAspada grantha kA vodhaka hai| athavA yahAM vedapadAspadaH zuddha pATha mAnanA cAhiye / prAdhanika vidvAn 'vedapada' kI tulanA 'vedoda' nAma se karate haiM / yaha jilA AdilAbAda meM hai| ___ vopadeva hemAdri se poSita thA / hemAdri devagiri (vartamAna 301 yaha paricaya DA0 zannodevI ke 'vopadeva kA saMskRta vyAkaraNa ko .., : yogadAna' nAmaka zodhaprabandha ke AdhAra para likhA hai|

Page #754
prAcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 717 daulatAbAda) ke mahAdeva aura rAma nAmaka yAdava rAjAoM kA saciva thA / vopadeva ne hemAdri saciva ke kahane se usa ke liye bhAgavata purANa kI 'harilIlAmRta' nAmnI sUcI kA nibandhana kiyA thA / hemAdri kI mRtyu saM0 1333 (san 1276 ) meM huI thI / ' ataH vopadeva kA kAla saM0 1287 - 1350 taka mAnA jA sakatA hai| mallinAtha ne 5 kumAra saMbhava kI TIkA meM vopadeva ko uddhRta kiyA hai| mallinAtha kA kAla sAmAnya rUpa se vi0 saM0 1400 mAnA jAtA hai / 10 hama ne pUrva (pRSTha 568) likhA hai ki amaracandra sUri viracita vRhad vRttyavacUrNi (lekhana kAla 1264 ) ne pRSTha 154 para mallinAtha viracita 'nyAsodyota ko tantrodyota ke nAma se uddhRta kiyA hai / yadi hamArA pUrva lekha ThIka ho to vopadeva kA kAla kucha pUrva mAnanA hogA / athavA amaracandrasUri viracita bRhad vRttyavacUrNi meM uddhRta tantrodyota granthAntara hogA / anya grantha - vopadeva ne 'kavikalpadruma' ke nAma se dhAtupATha kA saMgraha kiyA hai aura usa para 'kAmadhenu' nAmnI saMkSipta vyAkhyA likhI 15 he / isa ke atirikta 'muktAphala', 'harilIlAmRta' zatazlokI' ( vaidyaka grantha) aura hemAdri nAma kA dharmazAstra para eka nibandha likhA 1 zeSa aGga aura unake pUraka vyAkaraNa zAstra paJcAGga mAnA jAtA hai| sUtra pATha ke prati - 20 rikta dhAtupATha gaNapATha uNAdipATha aura liGgAnuzAsana nAma ke grantha usa ke zrRGga mAne jAte haiM / vopadeva ne kevala sUtrapATha aura dhAtupATha kA hI pravacana kiyA thA / zeSa aGgoM kI pUrti nimna vidvAnoM ne kI - gaNapATha - yadyapi vopadeva ne sUtroM meM 'Adi' pada ke dvArA gaNoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai, parantu usa ke dvArA saMgRhIta gaNapATha kA ullekha 25 nahIM milatA / 'saMskRta sAhitye vAMgalAra dAna' grantha meM vandyopAdhyAya sureza candra ne gaGgAdhara kRta mugdhabodhAnusArI gaNapATha kA nirdeza kiyA hai|" uNAdipATha- 'vopadeva kA saMskRta vyAkaraNa ko yogadAna' nAmaka . 1. vopadeva kA saM0 vya0 ko yogadAna, TAipakApI, pRSTha 37 1 2. vopadeva kA saM0 vyA0 ko yogadAna, TAipa kApI, pRSTha 46 30

Page #755
liGgAnuzAsana - mugdhabodha meM prApta liGganirdezoM tathA prayogoM 10 ke AdhAra para girIzacandra vidyAratna ne liGgAnuzAsana se sambaddha kucha sUtroM kA saMkalana kiyA / ' 718 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa zodha prabandha meM DA0 zanno devI ne likhA hai - "belvAlkara ke mata meM rAmatarka vAgIza ne mugdhabodha se saMbaddha uNAdikoza kI racanA kI / haraprasAda zAstrI ke mata meM rAmazarmA ne padyarUpa meM uNAdi kI racanA kI, jisa para tarkavAgIza ne TIkA likhI / rAmazarmA kA yaha koza pANini kAtyAyana aura pataJjali ke mata para AdhArita hai / usane apanI yaha racanA mugdhabodha ke 'nAnye tik ca' sUtra kI TIkA ke AdhAra para kI / vastuta: yaha pANinIya sampradAya kA grantha hai, jise tarkavAgIza ne mugdhabodha se jor3A / "" pariziSTakAra to belvAlkara ke matAnusAra mugdhabodha-sampradAya kI pUrNatA ke liye kucha vidvAnoM ne mugdhabodha vyAkaraNa se sambaddha kucha pariziSToM ko 15 racanA kI / 20 25 1 - nandakizora bhaTTa - nandakizora bhaTTa ne 'gagananayanakA lakSmA' mita zaka saMvatsara ( 1320 - vi0 saM0 1455 ) meM mugdhabodha para pariziSTa likhe tathA mugdhabodha para vyAkhyA bhI likhI / * 2 - kAzIzvara 3 - rAmatarka vAgIza rAmatarka vAgIza ne uNAdipATha kI racanA kI thI yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiM / 4 - rAmacandra vidyAbhUSaNa ne zaka saM0 1610 (= 1745 vi0 saM0) meM paribhASA vRtti likhI thii| mugdhabodha ke TIkAkAra 1 - nanda kizora bhaTTa (saM0 1455 vi0 ) isa ke viSaya meM hama Upara likha cuke haiM / 1. vopadeva kA saM0 vyA0 ko yoga dAna pRSTha 436 / 2. vahI, 440 / 3. sisTams Apha saMskRta grAmara, pairAgrApha 85 / 4. iNDiyA Aphisa ke saMskRta hastalekhoM kI sUcI, saMkhyA 872 /

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prAcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 716 2-pradIpakAra (saM0 1520 vi0 se pUrva) viTThala ne prakriyAkaumudI-prasAda (bhAga 2, pRSTha 102) meM mugdhabodha pradIpa nAmnI kisI vyAkhyA ko uddhRta kiyA hai| yaha vyAkhyA nanda kizora kRta hai athavA anya kRta, yaha ajJAta hai / yadi anyakRta ho, to isakA kAla saM0. 1520 se pUrva hogA kyoMki viTThala ne prakriyAkaumudI kI prasAda TIkA saM0 1520 ke lagabhaga likhI thii| yaha pUrva (pRSTha 562-563) likha cuke haiN| 3-rAmAnanda 4-devIdAsa cakravartI 5-kAzIzvara 6-vidyAvAgIza 7-rAmabhadra vidyAlaGkAra 8-bholAnAtha ina TIkAkAroM kA ullekha durgAdAsa ne apanI mugdhabodha kI TIkA 10 meM kiyA hai, aisA DA0 belvAlkara ne 'siTasms Apha saMskRta grAmara' (pairA 84) meM likhA hai| ___ ina meM rAmAnanda devIdAsa rAmabhadra aura bholAnAtha kI vyAkhyAoM ke hastalekha iNDiyA Aphisa landana ke hastalekha-saMgraha meM vidyamAna haiN| dra0-sUcIpatra hastalekha saMkhyA kramazaH 852, 851, 15 861, 870 / ukta sUcIpatra meM bholAnAtha kI TIkA kA nAma sandarbhAmatatoSiNI likhA hai| rAmabhadra hI saMmbhavataH rAmacandratarkAlaM. kAra hai / isa kI TIkA kA nAma prabodha hai / -vidyAnivAsa (saM0 1645) vidyAnivAsa kRta mugdhabodha TIkA kA ullekha durgAdAsa ne prArambha 20 meM hI nAmollekhapUrvaka kiyA hai| DA0 belvAlkara ne isa nAma kA nirdeza kyoM nahIM kiyA, yaha ajJAta haiN| 10-durgAdAsa vidyAvAgIza (saM0 1666 vi0).. ___ durgAdAsa vidyAvAgIza kI subodhA TIkA prasiddha hai / durgAdAsa ke pitA kA nAma vAsudeva sArvabhauma bhaTTAcArya hai / DA0 belvAlkara ne 25 durgAdAsa kA kAla I0 san 1636 (vi0 saM0 1696) likhA hai| ____ina ke atirikta iNDiyA Aphisa ke sUcIpatra meM nimna vyAkhyAkAroM ke hastalekha aura vidyamAna haiM nAma TIkAkAra kAla.. TIkAkAnAma hastalekhasaMkhyA 11-zrIrAmazarmA... ? .... ? 853 30 /

Page #757
720 . saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa nAma TIkAkAra .. kAla TIkAkAnAma hastalekha saMkhyA 12-zrIkAzIza ?- ? 856 13-govindazarmA ... ? zabdadIpikA . 857 14-zrIvallabhavidyAvAgIza? .. bAlabodhinI 861 5. 15-kAtikeya siddhAntamitra ? - subodhA 862 16-madhusUdana ? madhumatI 869 . inameM saMkhyA 12 kA zrIkAzIza pUrvanirdiSTa kAzIzvara (saMkhyA 5) se bhinna vyakti haiM, athavA abhinna yaha ajJAta hai / ... 'vopadeva kA saM0 vyA0 ko yogadAna' nAmaka zodhaprabandha meM 10 govinda zarmA kA nAma govinda vidyAziromaNi likhA hai / upari nirdiSTa TIkAtroM ke atirikta ukta zodhaprabandha meM pRSTha 64-66 (TAipa kApI) para nimna nAma aura milate haiM . nAma TIkA kA nAma 17-vRSavadana candra tarkAlaMkAra prabodha . 18-gaMgAdhara tarkavAgIza setUsaMgraha 19-rAdhAvallabha paJcAnana sUbodhinI 20-rattikAnta tarkavAgIza ? 21-mAdhava tarka siddhAnta . mugdhabodha pradIpa rUpAntarakAra ina vyAkhyAkAroM ne mugdhabodha ke yathAvasthita pATha para hI vyAkhyA - kI, athavA usameM kucha rUpAntara bhI kiyA yaha ajJAta hai| DA0 belvAlkara ne apane sisTamsa Apha saMskRta grAmara' meM likhA hai 'isane (rAmatarka vAgIza ne) kucha svatantratApUrvaka mugdhabodha meM parivRddhi aura parityAga kiyaa|' pairAgrApha 84 / . 20 25 . 17. padmanAbhadatta (saM0 1400 vi0) padmanAbhadatta ne supadma nAmaka eka saMkSipta vyAkaraNa likhA thaa| isa kI uNAdivRtti meM supadmanAbha nAma milatA hai|' 1. supadmanAbhena supadmasammataM, vidhaH samagraH sugamaM smsyte| iNDiyA Aphisa pustakAlaya landana kA sUcIpatra, granthAMka 861 / dra0saM0 vyA0 itihAsa bhAga 2, pRSTha 270 (saM0 2041 kA saMska0) /

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61 prAcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa . 721 padmanAbha ke pitA kA nAma dAmodaradatta aura pitAmaha kA nAma zrIdatta thaa| kAla-padmanAtha ne pRSodarAdi-vRtti zaka saM0 1262 (vi0 saM0 1427) meM likhI hai| anya grantha . padmanAbhadatta ne svIya paribhASAvRtti meM jina svaviracita granthoM kA ullekha kiyA hai, ve nimna haiM 1-supamapaJjikA 7-mAnandalaharI TIkA 2-prayogadIpikA (maya para) 3-uNAdivRtti 8-chandoratna 4--dhAtukaumudI -prAcAracandrikA 5-yaGalugvRtti 10-bhUriprayoga koza 6-gopAlacarita 11-paribhASAvRtti inameM vyAkaraNa-granthoM kA varNana yathAsthAna kiyA jaaygaa| . supadma ke TIkAkAra . .. 15 1-padmanAbhadatta-padmanAbha ne apane vyAkaraNa para svayaM paJjikA nAmnI TIkA likhI hai| 2-viSNumizra - 4-zrIdhara cakravartI 3-rAmacandra 5-kAzIzvara .. ina vidvAnoM ne bhI supana para TIkAeM likhI haiM / ina meM viSNu- 20 mizra kI supadyamakaranda TIkA sarvazreSTha hai| . isa vyAkaraNa kA pracAra baMgAla ke kucha jiloM taka hI sImita hai| 18-vinayasAgara upAdhyAya (saM0 1650. 1700).. aMcalagacchAdhirAja kalyANasAgara sUrIzvara ke ziSya vinaya-525 1 sisTams Apha saMskRta grAmara, pairAgrApha 61 / .... 2. dra0 - isI (saM0 vyA0 iti0) grantha ke bhAga.2, pRSTha 342 (saM0 2041 kA saMska0.) meM uddhRta zloka / . .. .

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722 saMskRta vyAkaraNa zAstra kA itihAsa sAgara upAdhyAya ne apane prazraya dAtA bhujanagara (bhuja) ke svAmI bhAramalla ke putra rAjA bhoja kI tuSTi ke liye 'bhoja - vyAkaraNa' ke nAma se eka saMskRta bhASA kA vyAkaraNa likhA thaa|' isa rAjA bhoja kA vi0 saM0 1688 se 1702 taka saurASTra para zAsana thA / sva-racita bhojavyAkaraNa kI viziSTatA kA saMketa vinayasAgara upAdhyAya ne nimna padya meM kiyA hai / sakala-samIhita-taraNaM haraNaM duHkhasya kovidAbharaNam / zrIbhoja vyAkaraNaM paThantu tasmAt prayatnena // [dra0 zrI paM0 baladeva upAdhyAya viracita 'saMskRta zAstroM kA 10 itihAsa' pRSTha 608, pra0 saM0, san 1966 ] 19 - bhaTTa akalaGka (vi0 kI 17 vIM zatI) maiMne vyAkaraNa zAstra ke itihAsa grantha meM vyAkaraNa pravaktA bhaTTa kalaGka ko vAmana aura pAtyakIrti ke madhya meM saMkhyA 6 para rakhA 15 thA / aura sAtha hI ise bauddhoM ke sAtha zAstrArthaMkarttA bhaTTa prakalaGka samajha kara isa kA kAla saM0 700-800 likhA thA / ise par3ha kara hasana (karnATaka) ke rAjakIya kAleja ke hindI vibhAgAdhyakSa mA0 deve gauDa ema0 e0 ne 26 - 8- 76 ko mujhe eka patra likhA / 6.00. 25 mujhe prApa se yahI nivedana karanA hai ki maMjarI - makaranda 20 TIkA likhane vAlA bhaTTa prakalaGka deva vi0 saM0 17 vIM sadI kA hai / isa ke guru kA nAma akalaGkadeva hai / bhaTTa akalaGkadeva ne 'karNATaka- zabdAnuzAsanam' nAmaka kannar3a vyAkaraNa saMskRta sUtroM meM likhA hai| cAra pAda tathA 562 sUtra haiM / " isI vyAkaraNa para lekhaka ne maJjarI - makaranda nAmaka vistRta TIkA 1. zrI bhAramallatanayo bhuvi bhojarAjo 7 rAjyaM prazAsti ripuvajata mindravandyaH / tasyAjJayA vinayasAgara - pAThakena satyaprabandharacitA sutRtIyavRttiH / grantha ke hastalekha kA antima padya /

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prAcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa 723 . bhI likhI hai| use mahAbhASya ke samAna mAnate haiN| maJjarImakaranda chapA hai / mere pAsa eka kApI hai / isa lekha ke anusAra bhaTTa akalaGka ne kannar3a bhASA kA vyAkaraNa likhA thaa| ataH usakA yahAM nirdeza nahIM honA cAhiye / punarapi hamane jaisI bhUla kI vaisI bhUla anya lekhaka na kareM isa dRSTi se yahAM 5 bhaTTa akalaGka ke vyAkaraNa aura usakI vyAkhyA maJjarImakaranda kA nirdeza kara diyA hai| isa se hamArI bhUle sudhAra karane hAre mA0 deve gauDa ke upakAra ko prakaTa karane tathA dhanyavAda karane kA avasara bhI prApta huA hai| anya vyAkaraNakAra pANini se arvAcIna uparyukta vaiyAkaraNoM ke atirikta kucha aura bhI vaiyAkaraNa hue haiM, jinhoMne apane-apane vyAkaraNoM kI racanA kI hai| unameM se nimna vaiyAkaraNoM ke vyAkaraNa samprati upalabdha haiM1-zubhacandra cintAmaNi' vyAkaraNa 6-............"caitanyAmRta vyAkaraNa 2-bharatasena * drutabodha , 10-bAlarAma paJcAnana prabodhaprakAza ,, 15 3-rAmakiMkara Azubodha , 11-vijjalabhUpati prabodhacandrikA , 4-rAmezvara zuddhAzubodha , 12-kliyasundara bhoja 5-zivaprasAda zIghrabodha , 13-vinAyaka bhAvasiMhaprakriyA ,, 6-kAzIzvara jJAnAmRta , 14-cidra pAzrama dIpa / 7-rUpagosvAmI harinAmAmRta ,, 15-nArAyaNa surananda kArikAvalI, 20 8-jIvagosvAmI harinAmAmRta,, 16-narahari bAlabodha , ye grantha nAmamAtra ke vyAkaraNa haiM, aura inakA pracAra bhI nahIM hai| isaliye hamane inakA varNana isa grantha meM nahIM kiyaa| . . hamane 'saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa' ke isa prathama bhAga meM pANini se prAcIna 26 aura arvAcIna 16 vyAkaraNakAra prAcAryo 25 tathA unake zabdAnuzAsanoM para vividha vyAkhyAeM racanevAle lagabhama 280 vaiyAkaraNoM kA saMkSipta varNana kiyA hai| isake dUsare bhAga meM vyAkaraNazAstra ke khilapATha (arthAt dhAtupATha, gaNapATha, uNAdi, 1. isakA ullekha zubhacandra ne pANDavapurANa ke anta meM kiyA hai| dra0jainagrantha prazastisaMgraha, pRSTha 50, zloka 176 / .

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724 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa liGgAnuzAsana), phiTa-sUtra aura prAtizAkhyoM ke pravaktA tathA vyAkhyAtAyoM kA varNana hogaa| grantha ke anta meM vyAkaraNa ke dArzanika granthoM aura vyAkaraNapradhAna kAvyoM ke racayitAoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA jaaygaa| 5 ityajayameru (ajamera) maNDalAntargata viraJcyAvAsAbhijanena zrIyamunAdevI-gaurIlAlAcAryayor Atmajena pada-vAkya-pramANajJa-mahAvaiyAkaraNAnAM zrIbrahmadattAcAryANAmantevAsinA bhAradvAjagotreNa tripravareNa mAdhyandininA yudhiSThira mImAMsakena viracite saMskRta-vyAkaraNazAstretihAse prathamo bhAgaH pUrtimagAt zubhaM bhavatu lekhkpaatthkyoH| lekhana-kAla ] punaH zodhana-kAla / punaH parivardhana kAla saM0 2003, saM0 2006 / saM0 20165 punaH pariSkAra vA parivardhanakAla vi0 saM0 20264 . antima pariSkAra vA parivardhana kAla vi0 saM0 2041 1. isake anusAra saMvat 2003 ke anta meM lAhaura meM grantha kA chapanA ... Arambha huA thaa| 152 pRSTha taka chapa pAyA thA ki deza-vibhAjana ke kAraNa chapA huA grantha vahIM naSTa ho gyaa| 2. yaha prathama saMskaraNa kA kAla hai| 25 ' 3. yaha dvitIya saMskaraNa kA kAla hai| . ___4. yaha tRtIya saMskaraNa kA kAla hai|

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rAmalAla kapUra TrasTa dvArA prakAzita vA prasArita prAmANika grantha veda-viSayaka grantha 1. RgvedabhASya--(saMskRta hindI; RgvedAdibhASyabhUmikA sahita)pratibhAga sahasrAdhika TippaNiyAM, 10-11 prakAra ke pariziSTa va suucii| prathama bhAga 35-00, dvitIya bhAga 30-00, tRtIya bhAga 35-00 / .. 2. yajurvedabhASya-vivaraNa-RSi dayAnandakRta bhASya para paM0 brahmadatta jijJAsu kRta vivaraNa / prathama bhAga 20430 aThapejI AkAra ke 1100pRSTha sundara pakkI jilda / mulya 100-00, dvitIya bhAga mUlya 25-00 / 3. taittirIya-saMhitA- mUlamAtra, mantra-sUcI-sahita / mUlya 40-00 4. atharvavedabhASya-zrI paM0 vizvanAtha jI vedopAdhyAya kRta / 1113 kANDa 30-00; 14-17 kANDa 24-00; 18-16 kANDa 20-00; vIsavAM kANDa 20-00 / / .:. 5. RgvedAdibhASya-bhUmikA-paM0 yudhiSThira mImAMsaka dvArA sampAdita evaM zatazaH TippaNiyoM se yukt| . . mUlya 25-00 : 6. RgvedAdibhASyabhUmikA-pariziSTa-bhUmikA para kiye gae aAkSepoM ke granthakAra dvArA diye gae uttr| 2-50 7. mAdhyandina (yajurveda) padapATha-zuddha sNskrnn| 25-00 . . 8. gopatha brAhmaNa (mUla)-sampAdaka zrI DA. vijayapAla jI vidyA- . vAridhi / ava taka prakAzita sabhI saMskaraNoM se adhika zuddha aura sundara sNskrnn| 40-00 6. RksarvAnakramaNI (kAtyAyanamunikRta) - SaDguru ziSya kI samagravatti sahita prathama bAra chApI jA rahI hai| mUlya..." 10. RgvedAnukramaNI-veGkaTamAdhavakRta / isa grantha meM svara chanda Adi aATha vaidika viSayoM para gambhIra vicAra kiyA hai| vyAkhyAkAra-zrI DA0 vijayapAla jI vidyAvAridhi / uttama-saMskaraNa 30-00 ; sAdhAraNa 20-00

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11. Rgveda kI RksaMkhyA-yudhiSThira mImAMsaka mUlya 2.00 12. vedasaMjJA-mImAMsA - yudhiSThira mImAMsako mUlya 1.00 13. vaidika-chandomImAMsA-yudhiSThira mImAMsaka / nayA saMskaraNa 15-00 14. vedoM kA mahattva tathA unake pracAra ke upAya; vedArtha kI vividha prakriyAoM ko aitihAsika mImAMsA (saMskRta-hindI) yu0 mI0 5.00 15. devApi aura zantanu ke pAkhyAna kA vAstavika svarUpa-lekhakazrI paM0 brahmadatta jI jijJAsu / mUlya 1-00 16. veda aura nirukta-zrI paM0 brahmadatta jI jijnyaasu| .. 2.00 17. niruktakAra aura veda meM itihAsa-, , 1-00 18. svASTrI saraNya kI vaidika kathA kA vAstavika svarUpa-lekhaka - zrI paM0 dharmadeva jI niruktaacaarc| . 16. zivazaGkarIya-laghugrantha paJcaka-isameM zrI paM0 zivazaGkara jI kAvyatIrtha likhita vedaviSayaka caturdaza-bhuvana, vasiSTha-nandinI, vaidikavijJAna, vaidika-siddhAnta aura IzvarIya pustaka kauna? nAma ke pAMca viziSTa nibandha haiN| 20. yajurveda kA svAdhyAya tathA pazuyajJa samIkSA-lekhaka paM0 vizvanAtha jI vedopaadhyaay| bar3hiyA jilda 20-00, sAdhAraNa 16-00 21. vaidika-pIyUSa-dhArA-lekhaka zrI devendrakumAra jI kapUra / cune hae 50 mantroM kI pratimantra padArtha pUrvaka vistRta vyAkhyA, anta meM bhAvapUrNa gItoM se yukta / uttama jilda 15-00; sAdhAraNa 10-00 / 22. uru-jyoti --DA0 zrI vAsudevazaraNa agravAla likhita vedaviSayaka svAdhyAya yogya nibandhoM kA sNgrh| sundara chapAI pakkI jilda 16-00 23. vedoM kI prAmANikatA DA0 zrI nivAsa shaastrii| 1-50 24. ANTHOLOGY OF VEDIC HYMNS-Swami Bhumananda Sarasvati. karmakANDa-viSayaka grantha - 25. baudhAyana-zrauta-sUtram (darzapUrNamAsa prakaraNa)-bhavasvAmI tathA sAyaNa kRta bhASya sahita (saMskRta) 40-00 26. darzapUrNamAsa-paddhati-paM0 bhImasena kRta, bhASArtha sahita 25-00 50-00

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(3) 27. kAtyAyanaga hyasUtram - ( mUlamAtra ) aneka hastalekhoM ke AdhAra para hamane ise prathama bAra chApA hai / mUlya 20-00 28. zrautapadArthanirvacanam - (saMskRta) zrauta yajJoM ke padArthoM kA paricaya dene vAlA grantha | ... mUlya ... 26. saMskAra - vidhi - zatAbdI saMskaraNa, 460 pRSTha, sahasrAdhika TippaNiyAM, 12 pariziSTa / mUlya lAgatamAtra 12-00, rAja-saMskaraNa . 15-00 // sastA saMskaraNa mUlya 5 - 25, acchA kAgaja sajilda 7-50 / 30. saMskAravidhi - maNDanam -- saMskAravidhi kI vyAkhyA / lekhaka - vaidya zrI rAmagopAla jI zAstrI / ajilda mUlya 10-00, sajilda mUlya 14-00 31. vaidika-nityakarma - vidhi - sandhyAdi pAMcoM mahAyajJa tathA bRhad havana ke mantroM kI padArtha tathA bhAvArtha vyAkhyA sahita / yu0mI0 3 -00 sajilda 4 -00 32. vaidika - nityakarma vidhi - ( mUlamAtra ) sandhyA tathA svastivAcanAdi bRhad havana ke mantroM sahita / mUlya 0-75 3-00 33. paJcamahAyajJa-pradIpa - zrI paM0 madanamohana vidyAsAgara 34. havanamantra - svastivAcanAdi sahita / 35. sandhyopAsanavidhi - bhASArtha sahita | 36. sandhyopAsanavidhi - bhASArtha tathA dainika yajJa sahita / zikSA nirukta-vyAkaraNa-viSayaka grantha 37. varNoccAraNa- zikSA - RSi dayAnanda kRta hindI vyAkhyA | 0-60 38. zikSAsUtrANi - zrapizala - pANinIya - cAndra zikSA - sUtra / " 0-50 zraprApya 0-50 mUlya 6-00; sajilda 8-00 36. zikSAzAstram - (saMskRta) jagadIzAcArya | 40. arabI-zikSAzAstram -,, 7-50 7-50 41. nirukta - zlokavAttikam - keraladezIya nIlakaNTha gArgya viracita / eka mAtra malayAlama lipi meM tADapatra para likhita durlabha prati ke AdhAra para mudrita / Arambha meM upodghAta rUpa meM nirukta-zAstra viSayaka saMkSipta aitihya diyA gayA haiM (saMskRta) / sampAdaka - DA0 vijayapAla vidyAvAridhiH / uttama kAgaja, zuddha chapAI tathA sundara jilda sahita / 100-00 42. nirukta-samuccaya - prAcArya vararuci viracita (saMskRta) / saM0yudhiSThira mImAMsaka / mUlya 15-00

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43. aSTAdhyAyI-(mUla) zuddha saMskaraNa / mUlya 3-00 44. aSTAdhyAyI-bhASya-(saMskRta tathA hindI)zrI paM0brahmadatta jijJAsu kRta / prathama bhAga 24-00, dvitIya bhAga 20-00, tRtIya bhAga 20-00 / 45. dhAtupATha-dhAtvAdisUcI sahita, sundara zuddha sNskrnn| 3-00 46. vAmanIyaM liGgAnuzAsanam-svopajJa vyAkhyAsahitam / 5-00 47. saMskRta paThana-pAThana kI anabhUta saralatama vidhi-lekhaka-zrI paM0 brahmadatta jijJAsu / prathama bhAga 10-00, dvitIya bhAga (yu0mI0) 10-00 / / 48. The Tested Fasiest Method of Lerning and Teaching Sanskrit (First Book)-yaha pustaka zrI paM0 brahmadatta jI jijJAsu kRta 'vinA raTe saMskRta paThana-pAThana ko anubhata saralatama vidhi' bhAga eka kA aMgrejI anuvAda hai| aMgrejI bhASA ke mAdhyama se pANinIya vyAkaraNa meM praveza karane vAloM ke liye yaha AdhikArika pustaka hai| kAgaja aura chapAI sundara, sajilda 25-00 / / - 46. mahAbhASya -hindI vyAkhyA (dvitIya adhyAya paryantaM)paM0 yu0mI0 / . prathama bhAga 50-00, dvitIya bhAga 25-00, tRtIya bhAga 25-00 / :50. uNAdikoSa-R0 da0 sa0 kRta vyAkhyA, tathA paM0 ya0 mI0 kRta TippaNiyoM, evaM 11 sUciyoM sahita / ajilda 10-00, sajilda 12-00 51. daivam puruSakAravAttikopetam-lIlAzuka muni kRta 10.00 52. bhAgavRttisaMkalanam -aSTAdhyAyI kI prAcIna vRtti 6-00 53. kAzakRtsna-dhAtu-vyAkhyAnam-saMskRta rUpAntara / yu0mI0 15-00 54. kAzakRtsna-vyAkaraNam-sampAdaka ya0 mii0| 600 55. zabdarUpAvalI vinA raTe zabda rUpoM kA jJAna karAne vAlI 2-00 56. saMskRta-dhAtukoza-pANinIya dhAtuoM kA hindI meM artha nirdeza / sampAdaka yudhiSThira mImAMsaka / .. mUlya 10-00 - 57. aSTAdhyAyI-zuklayajaHprAtizAkhyayormatavimarzaH-DA0 vijayapAla viracita pIeca0 DI0 kA mahattvapUrNa zodha-prabandha (saMskRta) / sundara chapAI utama kAgaja bar3hiyA jilda shit| mUlya 50-00 adhyAtma-viSayaka grantha 58. tattvamasi-advaitamImAMsA -svA0 vidyAnanda sarasvatI mUlya 40-00 56. ISa-kena-kaTha-upaniSad-zrI vaidya rAmagopAla zAstrI kRta hindI aMgrejI vyAkhyA sahita / mUlya-Izo0 1-50; kenoM0 1-50; kaTho03-50

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(5) 60. dhyAnayoga - prakAza - svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ke yoga-vidyA ke bar3hiyA pakkI jilda, mUlya 16 -00 ziSya svAmI lakSmaNAnanda kRta / 61. anAsaktiyoga - lekhaka paM0 jagannAtha pathika / 15-00 62. prAryAbhivinaya (hindI) - svAmI dayAnanda / guTakA sajilda 4-00 3. Aryabhivinaya-English translation and notes ( svAmI bhUmAnanda) doraGgI chapAI / ajilda 400, sajilda 6-00 64. vaidika IzvaropAsanA / mUlya 1-00 65. viSNusahasranAma stotram (satyabhASya - sahitam ) - paM0 satyadeva vAsiSTha kRta AdhyAtmika vaidika bhASya ( 4 bhAga ) / prati bhAga 15-00 aprApya 66. zrImadbhagavad gItA bhASyam - zrI paM0 tulasIrAma svAmI 6-00 67. haMsagItA - mahAbhArata kA eka AdhyAtmika prasaMga / 68. agamya pantha ke yAtrI ko zrAtmadarzana- caMcala bahina | 3-00 66. mAnavatA kI nora - zrI zAntisvarUpa kapUra ke vividha vicAro - ttejaka sarala bhASA meM likhe gaye lekhoM kA saMgraha | 4-00 nItizAstra itihAsa viSayaka grantha 70. vAlmIki rAmAyaNa - zrI paM0 akhilAnanda jI kRta hindI anuvAda sahita / aprApya / araNya - pa - kiSkindhA kANDa 10-00, yuddha kANDa 10-50 / 71. zukranItisAra - vyAkhyAkAra zrI svA0 jagadIzvarAnanda jI sarasvatI / vistRta viSaya sUcI tathA zloka-pUcI sahita uttama kAgaja sundara chapAI tathA jilda sahita / mUlya 45-00 72. vidura nIti - yudhiSThira mImAMsaka kRta pratipada padArtha aura vyAkhyA sahita / bar3hiyA kAgaja, pakkI sundara jilda / mUlya 35-00 73. . satyAgraha - nIti- kAvya - prA0sa0 satyAgraha 1937 I0 meM haidarAbAda jela meM paM0 satyadeva vAsiSTha dvArA viracita | hindI vyAkhyA sahita | mUlya 5-00 74. saMskRta vyAkaraNazAstra kA itihAsa - yudhiSThira mImAMsaka kRta / nayA pariSkRta parivardhita caturtha saMskaraNa tInoM bhAga / 12.5-00 pANini - sajilda 15-00 + 75. saMskRta vyAkaraNa meM gaNapATha kI paramparA aura prAcArya lekhaka - DA0 kapiladeva zAstrI ema0 e0 /

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76. RSi dayAnanda ke patra aura vijJApana-isa bAra isa meM RSi dayAnanda meM aleka naye upalabdha patra aura vijJApana saMgrahIta kie gaye haiN| isa bAra yaha saMgraha cAra bhAgoM meM chapA haiN| prathama do bhAgoM meM R0 da0 ke patra aura vijJApana Adi saMgrahIta haiN| tIsare aura cauthe bhAga meM vividha vyaktiyoM dvArA R0 da0 ko bheje gaye patroM kA saMgraha hai| prathama bhAga35-00, dvitIya bhAga 35-00, tRtIya bhAga 35-00, cauthA bhAga 35-00 77. virajAnanda-prakAza-lekhaka-paM0 bhImasena zAstrI ema0 e0 / nayA parivardhita aura zuddha sNskrnn| mUlya 3-00 78. RSi dayAnanda sarasvatI kA svalikhita aura svakathita prAtmacarita-sampAdaka paM0 bhgvddt| mUlya 1-00 76. RSi dayAnanda aura AryasamAja kI saMskRta-sAhitya ko denalekhaka-DA0 bhavAnIlAla bhAratIya ema0 e0| sajilda 15-00 dazana-Ayurveda viSayaka grantha 80. mImAMsA-zAbara-bhASya-ArSamatavimarzinI hindI vyAkhyA sahita / vyAkhyAkAra-yudhiSThira miimaaNsk| prathama bhAga 40-00; dvitIya bhAga 30-00 ; rAja saMskaraNa 40-00; tRtIya bhAga 50-00; caturtha bhAga 40-00 81. nAr3I-tattvadarzanam-zrI paM0 satyadevajI vAsiSTha / mUlya 30-00 82. SaTkarmazAstram - (saMskRta) jgdiishaacaary| ajilda 8-00 83. paramANu-darzanam - (saMskRta) jgdiishaacaary| ajilda 8-00 prakIrNa grantha 84. satyArthaprakAza- (AryasamAja-zatAbdI-saMskaraNa)-13 pariziSTa 35-00 TippaNiyAM, tathA san 1875 ke prathama saMskaraNa ke viziSTa uddharaNoM sahita / rAjasaMskaraNa mUlya 35-00- sAdhAraNa saMskaraNa 30-00 / 85. dayAnandIya laghugrantha-saMgraha-14 grantha,saTippaNa, aneka pariziSToM aura sUciyoM ke shit| lAgatamAtra 25-00

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(7) miimaaNsk| 86. bhAgavata-khaNDanam-R0 da0 kI prathama kRti / anu0 yudhiSThira mUlya 3-00 87. RSi dayAnanda ke zAstrArtha aura pravacana- isa meM paurANika vidvAnoM tathA IsAI musalamAnoM ke sAtha RSi dayAnanda ke atyanta prAmANika evaM mahattvapUrNa zAstrArtha diye gaye haiN| anantara pUnA meM san 1875 tathA bambaI meM sana 1882 meM die gae vyAkhyAnoM kA saMgraha hai| isa saMskaraNa se pUrva ke chape pUnA ke vyAkhyAnoM meM anuvAdakoM ne mana mAnA ghaTAyA-bar3hAyA hai| hamane san 1875 meM vyArayAna kAla meM chape hue mUla marAThI bhASA meM prakAzita TraikToM ke anusAra nayA prAmANika anuvAda diyA hai / bambaI ke 24 pravacanoM kA sArAMza to isameM prathama vAra prakAzita huA hai| sAtha meM 8-10 viziSTa pariziSTa diye haiM / sundara sudRr3ha kAgaja, pUre kapar3e kI sundara jilda, mUlya lAgata-mAtra 30-00 88. dayAnanda-zAstrArtha-saMgraha-saMkhyA 87 ke grantha se pRthaka svatantra rUpa se chapA hai / saM0 DA0 bhavAnIlAla bhAratIya / sastA saMskaraNa 10-00 86. dayAnanda-pravacana-saMgraha- (puunaa-bmbii-prvcn)| pUrvavat svatantra rUpa meM chapA hai / anuvAdaka aura sampAdaka paM0 yudhiSThira mImAMsaka / sastA sNskrnn| mUlyaM 1000 ____0. RSi dayAnanda sarasvatI ke granthoM kA itihAsa-lekhaka-yudhiSThira mAmAMsaka / nayA parizodhita parivardhita sNskrnn| mUlya 40-00 61. RSi dayAnanda aura AryasamAja se sambandha katipaya mahattvapUrNa abhilekha-isameM R0da0 ke naye upalabdha patra,bambaI AryasamAja ke Adima 28 niyamoM kI R0 da0 kRta vyAkhyA paM0 gopAlarAva hari dezamukha lihita dayAnandacarita marAThI kA hindI rUpAntara, AryasamAja kAkar3avAr3I bambaI kI purAnI gujarAtI meM likhita kAryavAhI (san 1882 meM jaba R0 da0 bambaI meM the) kA hindI rUpAntara Adi / _ . mUlya 8-00 62. vyavahArabhAnu- RSi dayAnanda kRt| 1-00 63. pAryoddezyaratnamAlA-RSi dayAnanda kRt| 64. aSTottarazatanAmamAlikA -satyArthaprakAza ke prathama samullAsa kI sundara prAmANika vistRta vyAkhyA / lekhaka paM0 vidyAsAgara shaastrii| 6-00 0-50

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(8) 65. kanyopanayana-vidhi-arthAt 'kanyopanayana-pratiSata'graMtha kA khaNDana / zrI paM0 mahArANIzaMkara / apane viSaya kI sundara prAmANika pustaka / mUlya 4-00; sajilda 6-00 ___96: jagadga ru dayAnanda kA saMsAra para jAdU-zrI mehatA jaimini bI0 e0 (sva0 vijJAnAnanda sarasvatI) / 58 varSa pazcAt yaha upayogI pustaka punaH chApI gayI hai| mUlya 1-00 67. prAya-mantavya-prakAza-mahAmahopAdhyAya paM0 Aryamuni / prathama bhAga 5-00 dvitIya bhAga 5-00 / 68. dayAnanda aGka(vedavANI kA vizeSAMka)--isameM R0da0 ke jIvana se sambaddha abhI taka ajJAta aura prakAzita viziSTa ghaTanAoM tathA R0 da. kI yAtrA kA vivaraNa tithi saMvat, tArIkha, vAra, san sahita / 10-00 zIghra prakAzita hogAvedokta-saMskAra-prakAza-paM0 viTThala gAMvaskara dvArA likhita (saMskAravidhi kA AdhArabhUta) mahattvapUrNa grantha / vedavANI 4 rAmalAla kapUra TrasTa kI ora se veda-jJAna ke pracAra-prasAra ke liye "vedavANI" nAmnI eka mAsika patrikA 35 varSa se nirantara 4 vinA nAgA nikala rahI hai| prati varSa eka bRhatkAya vizeSAGka prakA-4 zita kiyA jAtA hai| 8 vArSika candA, bhArata meM 12-00; videza meM 25-00; AjIvana 8 sadasyatA zulka 251-00 / pustaka prApti sthAna rAmalAla kapUra TrasTa 1-bahAlagar3ha, jilA -sonIpata (harayANA) 13.1021 2-rAmalAla kapUra eNDa saMsa, pepara marceNTa, naI sar3aka dehlii| ..

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