Page #1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ AcArya zrIAtmArAmajI mahArAja saMpAdaka-amara kuni jaina tatva kanika
Page #2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ | abhimata jaina tatvadAna bahuta hI yukti purassara aura satya para sampUrNa AdhArita cintana hai| Aja kI vaijJAnika kasoTI para bhI isake aneka siddhAnta satya siddha ho cuke haiN| Aja se lagabhaga 50 varSa pUrva jainadharma divAkara jaina Agama ratnAkara AcArya zrI AtmArAma jI mahArAja ne jaina tavva jJAna para eka adhikRta grantha likhA thA, jisa eka hI grantha meM jaina dharma, AcAra, darzana aura vibhinna siddhAntoM kA sundara sapramANa vivecana kiyA gayA hai| yaha grantha jainoM ke lie to upayogI hai hI kintu arjuna vidvAnoM va jijJAsuoM ke lie bhI mahatvapUrNa haiN| navayuga sudhAraka bhaNDArI zrI padamacanda jI mahArAja kI preraNA se unake vidvAna ziSya zrI amara muni jI ne isakA nava sampAdana kara ise sarvajana-sulabha va yugIna pariveza meM prastuta kara jJAna evaM guru kI mahAna sevA kI hai| (rASTrasanta) -AcArya Ananda RSi Aja ke yuga meM jaina dharma evaM darzana para aneka mahatvapUrNa grantha prakAzita ho rahe haiM, Aja jJAna-ruci bar3ha rahI hai, kintu hamAre amaNa saMgha ke prathama AcArya, zruta-sAgara ke pAragAmI vidvAna AcArya zrI AtmArAma jI mahArAja ne Aja se 50 varSa pUrvaM itanA gahana vaM vyApaka grantha likha kara sacamuca hI eka vilakSaNa va cirasmaraNIya kArya kiyA thaa| / pravacanabhUSaNa zrI amara muni jI ne isa grantha rAja ko navIna bhASA-TraoNlI meM puna: sampAdita kara jaina sAhitya kI smaraNIya sevA kI hai, maiM AzA karatA hUM yaha grantha sabhI ke lie mArga darzaka adhyApaka kA kArya kregaa| -upAdhyAya puSkara muni
Page #3
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ bo zrI Atma gura // // zrI vardhamAnAya namaH / / / / gurave namaH zrI AnaMda gurave namaH zrI magara ve namaH zrI 'amara' gurave namaH rASTra santa uttara bhAratIya pravartaka anaMta upakArI gurUdeva bhaNDArI pa. pU. zrI padma candra jI ma.sA. kI puNya smRti meM sAhitya samrATa zrutAcArya pUjya pravartaka vANI bhUSaNa gurUdeva pa.pU. zrI amara muni jI ma.sA. dvArA saMpAdita evaM padma prakAzana dvArA vizva meM prathama bAra prakAzita (sacitra, mUla, hindI - iMgaliza anuvAda sahita) jainAgama sAdara saprema bheMTa | bheMTakarttA : zrutasevA lAbhArthI saubhAgyazAlI parivAra zrImatI mirAbAI ramezalAlajI luNiyA ( samasta parivAra )
Page #4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Page #5
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sva. AcArya zrI AtmArAmajI mahArAja kI janma zatAbdI . varSa ke upalakSya meM jaina tattva kali kA [jaina tattvajJAna evaM dharma kA prAmANika grantha ] . lekhaka jainadharma divAkara, jaina Agama ratnAkara pUjya AcAryazrI AtmArAmajI mahArAja sampreraka-mArgadarzaka zAstra-vizArada, paMDitaratna zrI hemacandrajI mahArAja ke suziSya navayuga sudhAraka, jaina vibhUSaNa zrI padamacandajI mahArAja 'bhaMDArIjI' sampAdaka zrI amaramuni (pradhAna sampAdaka) zrIcanda surAnA 'sarasa' (sahasampAdaka) prakAzaka Atma jJAnapITha, mAnasA maMDI (paMjAba) . .
Page #6
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ - jaina tattva kalikA: [jaina darzana evaM dharma kA prAmANika paricaya dene vAlA viziSTa grantha ] - prakAzaka : Atma jJAnapITha, mAnasA maMDI (paMjAba) 0 prathamAvRti : vIra nirvANa saMvat 2506 vi0 saM0 2036, Azvina I0 san 1982, sitambara 0 mudraka : zrIcanda surAnA ke nirdezana meM dineza prinTarsa AgarA va jaina ilaikTrika presa, AgarA 0 (malya : (saMzodhita mulya : Rs 200
Page #7
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ Published at the auspicious occasion of the birth centenary of Rev. Acharya Shri Atmaramji Maharaj Jain Tattva Kalika [ An authoritative treatise of Jain Religion and Philosophy ] Writer Jain Dharm Divakar, Jain Agam Ratnakar Rev. Acharya Sri Atmaramji Maharaj Promoter & Guide Shastra Visharad, Pandit-ratna Sri Hemachandraji Maharaj's disciple Navayug sudharak, Jain-bibhushana Sri Padam Chandji Maharaj 'Bhandariji' Editors Sri Amar Muni (Chief Editor) Srichand Surana 'Saras' (Asstt. Editor) Publishers Atma Gyanpitha, Mansa Mandi (Punjab)
Page #8
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ Jain Tattwa Kalika: [An authoritative treatise of Jain Religion and Philosophy] Publishers: Atma Gyanpitha Mansa Mandi (Punjab) First Edition: Vir Nirvana Samvata 2509 September, 1982 Vikram Samvat 2039 Aswin Printing and designing supervision Srichand Surana 'Saras'' Printers : Dinesh Printers, Agra Jain Electric Press, Agra Price: C saMzodhita mulya : Rs200
Page #9
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sva-kathya [prathama saMskaraNa] jisa prakAra pratyeka vyakti ko AhAra, nidrA, bhaya, maithuna aura parigraha kI AzA lagI rahatI hai aura unakI khoja ke lie dattacitta hokara kriyAoM meM pravRtti kI jAtI hai ThIka usI prakAra darzana viSaya meM bhI khoja kI pravRtti honI caahie| yAvatkAla paryanta dArzanika viSaya meM khoja nahIM kI jAtI tAvatkAla paryanta AtmA svAnubhava se bhI vaMcita ho rahatA hai| isa sthAna para darzana nAma siddhAnta tathA vizvAsa kA hai| jaba taka kisI siddhAnta para dRr3ha vizvAsa nahIM hotA taba taka AtmA abhISTa kriyAoM kI siddhi meM phalobhUta nahIM hotaa| ' aba yahA~ yaha prazna upasthita hotA hai ki, kisa sthAna (siddhAMta) para dRr3ha vizvAsa kiyA jAe, kyoMki, isa samaya aneka darzana dRSTigocara ho rahe haiN| . isa prazna ke uttara meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki, yadyapi vartamAna kAla meM pUrvakAlavat aneka darzanoM kI sRSTi utpanna ho gaI hai yA ho rahI hai, tathApi saba darzanoM kA samavatAra do darzanoM ke antargata ho jAtA hai / jaise, Astika darzana aura nAstika drshn| __yadi isa sthAna para yaha zaMkA utpanna kI jAe ki, nAstika mata ko darzana kyoM kahate ho? taba hama zaMkA ke samAdhAna meM kahA jAtA hai-darzana zabda kA artha hai vizvAsa (dRr3hatA) so jisa AtmA kA mithyAvizvAsa hai arthAt jo AtmA padArthoM ke svarUpa ko yathArtha daSTi se nahIM dekhatA hai, usI kA nAma nAstika darzana hai, kyoMki nAstika darzana AtmA ke astitvabhAva ko nahIM mAnatA hai, so jaba AtmA kA astitvabhAva hI nahIM to phira bhalA puNya aura pApa kisa ko tathA usake phala bhogane rUpa naraka, tiryaka, manaSya aura deva yoni kahA~ ? ataeva niSkarSa yaha nikalA ki nAstika mata kA mukhya siddhAnta aihalaukika sukhoM kA anubhava karanA hI hai / yadyapi isa mata viSayaka bahuta kucha likhA jA sakatA hai tathApi sva-kathya (prastAvanA) meM isa viSaya meM adhika likhanA samucita pratIta nahIM hotA / so yaha mata Arya puruSoM ke lie tyAjya hai, kyoMki, yaha mata yukti-bAdhita aura pramANazUnya hai| ataeva Astikamata sarvathA upAdeya hai, isalie Astika mata ke Azrita honA Arya puruSoM kA paramoddezya hai / kyoMki, Astika mata kA mukhyoddezya anukramatA pUrvaka nirvANa prApta karanA hai|
Page #10
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 6 / svakathya yadi isa sthAna para yaha zaMkA utpanna kI jAe ki, Astika kise kahate haiN| taba isa zaMkA ke uttara meM kahA jAtA hai ki, jo padArthoM ke astitvabhAva ko mAnatA hai tathA yoM kahiye ki, jo padArtha apane dravya, guNa aura paryAya meM astitva rakhate haiM, unako usI prakAra mAnA jAe, unako usIprakAra se mAnane vAlA hI Astika kahalAtA hai| vyAkaraNa zAstra meM Astika zabda kI vyutpatti isa prakAra se kathana kI gaI hai, jaise ki-daiSTikAstikanAstikA: (zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa a0 3 pA0 2 sU0 61) daiSTikAdayastadasyeti SaSThayarthe jantA nipAtyante / diSTA pramANAnupAtino matirasya diSTaM devaM pramANamiva matirasyeti daiSTikaH / asti paralokaH puNyaM pApamiti ca matirasyetyAstikaH / evaM nAstIti nAstikaH / ___ isa sUtra meM isa bAta kA spaSTIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai ki, jo paraloka aura puNya-pApa ko ma natA hai usI kA nAma Astika hai| ataeva Astika mata meM kaI prakAra ke darzana prakaTa ho rahe haiM / jijJAsuoM ko unake dekhane se kaI prakAra kI zaMkAe~ utpanna ho rahI haiM vA unake paThana se paraspara matabheda dikhAI de rahA hai, so una zaMkAoM ko miTAne ke lie vA matabheda kA virodha karane ke lie pratyeka jana ko jainadarzana kA svAdhyAya karanA caahie| kyoMki, yaha darzana parama Astika aura padArthoM ke svarUpa kA syAdvAda kI zailI se varNana karatA hai| kyoMki, yadi sApekSika bhAva se padArthoM kA svarUpa varNana kiyA jAe taba kisI bhI virodha ke rahane ko sthAna upalabdha nahIM rahatA / ataeva niSkarSa yaha nikalA ki pratyeka jana ko jainadarzana kA svAdhyAya karanA cAhiye / aba isa sthAna para yaha zaMkA utpanna hotI hai ki, jaina darzana ke svAdhyAya ke liye kauna-kauna se jaina grantha paThana karane cAhie? isa zaMkA ke samAdhAna meM kahA jAtA hai ki, jainAgamagrantha yA jainaprakaraNa grantha aneka vidyamAna haiM, parantu ve grantha prAyaH prAkRta bhASA meM vA saMskRta bhASA meM haiM tathA bahuta se grantha jainatatva ko prakAzita karane ke hetu se hindI meM bhI prakAzita ho cuke haiM vA ho rahe haiM, una granthoM meM unake kartAoM ne apane-apane vicArAnukUla prakaraNoM kI racanA kI hai / ataeva jijJAsuoM ko cAhie ki ve ukta granthoM kA svAdhyAya avazya kreN| ___ aba isa sthAna para yaha bhI zaMkA utpanna ho sakatI hai ki, jaba granthasaMgraha sarva prakAra se vidyamAna haiM to phira isa grantha ke likhane kI kyA AvazyakatA thI? isa zaMkA ke uttara meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki, aneka granthoM ke hone para bhI isa grantha ke likhe jAne kA mukhyoddezya yaha hai ki, mere antaHkaraNa meM cirakAla se yaha vicAra vidyamAna thA ki, eka grantha isa prakAra se likhA jAya jo paraspara sAmpradAyika virodha se sarvathA vimukta ho aura usameM kevala jaina tatvoM kA hI janatA ko digdarzana karAyA jAya, jisase jainetara logoM ko bhI jaina tatvoM kA bhalI bhA~ti bodha ho jaae|
Page #11
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ svakathya | 7 so isa uddezya ko hI mukhya rakha kara isa grantha kI racanA kI gaI hai| jahA~ taka ho sakA hai, isa viSaya kI pUrti karane meM vizeSa ceSTA kI gaI hai| jisakA pAThakagaNa par3hakara svayaM hI anubhava kara leMge kyoMki, deva-guru-dharmAdi viSayoM kA svarUpa spaSTa rUpa se likhA gayA hai, jo pratyeka Astika ke manana karane yogya hai / aura sAtha hI jIvAdi tatvoM kA svarUpa bhI jaina Agama granthoM ke mala sUtroM ke mUlapATha vA mUlasUtroM ke AdhAra se likhA gayA hai, jo pratyeka jana ke liye paThanIya hai / AzA hai, pAThakagaNa isa ke svAdhyAya se avazya hI lAbha uThA kara mokSAdhikArI baneMge / alam vidvatsu / bhavadIya upAdhyAya jainamuni AtmArAma
Page #12
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ purovacana [prathama saMskaraNa] zrImAn upAdhyAya AtmArAma jI jainamuni praNIta jainatatvakAlikAvikAsa nAmaka pustaka kA maiMne Arambha se lekara samApti paryanta avalokana kiyA / yadyapi aneka lekha sambandhita kAryoM meM vyagra hone ke kAraNa pustaka kA akSarazaH pATha karane ke liye avasara nahIM milA, tathApi tatprakaraNa ke siddhAntoM para bhale prakAra dRSTi dI gaI hai, aura kisI kisI sthala kA akSarazaH pATha bhI kiyA hai pustaka ke par3hane se pratIta hotA hai ki pustaka ke racayitA jainasiddhAntoM ke hI kevala abhijJa nahIM, pratyuta jaina Akara granthoM ke bhI vizeSa paNDita haiM kyoMki-jina 'nayakaNikA' Adi granthoM meM anya darzanoM kA khaNDana karate hue jainAbhimata nayoM kA svarUpa varNana kiyA hai, unake vizeSa uddharaNa isa grantha meM sandarbha kI anukUlatA rakhate hue diye gaye haiM / yaha grantha nau kalikAoM meM samApta kiyA gayA hai| granthakartA ne isa bAta kA bhI bahuta hI dhyAna rakhA hai jo ki granthoM ke uddharaNoM kA ThIka-ThIka nirdeza kara diyA hai / Ajakala yaha paripATI pATha karane vAloM ke lie bahuta hI lAbhaprada tathA kartA kI yogyatA para vizvAsa utpanna karane vAlI dekhI gaI hai.| niHsandeha yaha grantha jaina ajaina donoM ke lie bahuta hI lAbhakArI pratIta hotA hai / isa laghukAya granthaM ke par3hane se jaina prakriyA kA siddhAntarUpa se jJAna ho sakatA hai| mere vicAra meM to grantha ke racayitA ko bahuta kAla paryanta zAstra kA manana karane se bahudarzitA tathA bahuzrutatva kA lAbha huA hogA parantu yadi koI bhale prakAra isa grantha kA manana kara le to usako alpa AyAsa dvArA jaina siddhAnta prakriyA kA bodha ho sakatA hai / pAThakoM ko cAhie ki avazya hI nyUnAtinyUna ekabAra isakA parizIlana karake kartA ke prayatna se lAbha uThAveM, vizeSataH jainamAtra ko isa prayatna se apanA upakAra mAnanA atyAvazyaka pratIta hotA hai / yadi isa grantha ko kisI jaina pAThazAlA meM pAThyapraNAlI ke antargata kiyA jAve to bahuta acchA mAnatA hU~, kAryAntara meM vyagra hone se isakA adhika mahatva likhane meM asamartha huuN| vidvadanucara prophesara kavitArkika siMhadeva zAstrI oriyaNTala kaoNleja, lAhaura / (darzanAcArya)
Page #13
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ isa prakAzana meM vizeSa sahayogI DA0 maujIrAma jI jaina (dehalI) DA0 mojIrAma jI jaina uccastara ke injIniyara tathA aneka bar3e audyogika saMsthAnoM meM sarvocca pada para rahane vAle eka kartavya parAyaNa sajjana haiM / Apa svabhAva se bar3e hI mRdu kintu prazAsana meM dRr3ha aura kuzala haiM / saralatA aura nirabhimAnatA ApakI bar3I bemisAla hai / 1 Apa lA 0 jauharImala jI jaina ke suputra haiN| lA0 jauharImala jI gA~va halAlapura jilA sonIpata ke pratiSThita vyakti the / Apa hamAre zraddheya zrI bhaNDArI jI mahArAja ke bar3e bhAI the / dharma ke prati ApakI bar3I AsthA thI / Apane kaI aspatAla, sthAnaka, skUla Adi banavAye tathA puNya kAryoM meM dhana kA sadupayoga karate rahate the / Apa gA~va khevar3A nivAsI apane mAmA lA0 kiror3ImalajI jaina (mittala) ke goda gaye / jo bar3e dhArmika the / lA0 jauharImala jI ke tIna putra hue- zrI nemacanda jI, DA0 maujIrAma jI tathA zrI ramezacanda jo / DA0 maujIrAma jI bacapana se hI bar3e kuzAgrabuddhi the / pilAnI se Apane ema. esa. sI. karake rasAyana vijJAna meM kanADA meM vizeSajJatA prApta kI, tathA deza ke aneka nAmI audyogika saMsthAnoM meM apanI sevAeM dI / Apake do suputra va eka suputrI hai / putrI DAkTara hai jo abhI videza meM apane pati DAkTara ke sAtha sevAkArya kara rahI hai / ApakI dharmapatnI zrImatI puSpAdevI bhI bar3I dhArmika vicAroM kI udAra tathA sevAparAyaNa sannArI haiM / DA0 maujIrAma jI jaina ne prastuta pustaka prakAzana meM udAratApUrvaka vizeSa sahayoga pradAna kara hamArA utsAha baDhAyA hai / dhanyavAda ! hAkamacanda jaina mantrI -- Atma jJAnapITha -
Page #14
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ pedanta muNdu muNdu yeag prakAzana - sahayogI prastuta pustaka ke prakAzana meM jina udAra sajjanoM ne artha sahayoga pradAna kiyA, unakI zubha nAmAvalo - DA. maujIrAma jI jaina suputra-lA. joharImala jI jaina mu0 khevar3A, jilA sonIpata zrI dIvAnacanda jI jaina dIvAnacanda vinodakumAra jaina Ar3atI gIdar3abAhA maNDI, (paMjAba) . vairAgana suzrI zikhA jaina dIkSA mahotsava para ___ rUpanagara (paMjAba) [suziSyA mahAsatI saritA jI mahArAja, e.e.] zrI rAmezvaradAsa pavanakumAra jaina bajIrapura, dillI zrImatI makhamalIdevI jaina . dharmapatnI-zrI jayacanda jaina ___jIMda (hariyAnA) zrImatI bharapAIdevI jaina dharmapatnI-zrI mAnasiMha jaina dillI saMsthA kI ora se Apa sabhI ko hArdika dhanyavAda ! mantrI hAkamacanda jaina Atma jJAnapITha, mAnasA
Page #15
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sampAdakIya kAma-sukha aura mokSa-sukha saMsAra meM sabhI prANI sukha ke abhilASI haiM / yadyapi sabakI sukha kI kalpanA eka-sI nahIM hai. tathApi vikAsa kI taratamatA ke anusAra prANiyoM ke sukha ko do vargoM meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai / pahale varga meM alpavikAsa vAle aise prANI Ate haiM, jinake sukha kI kalpanA indriya-viSayoM kI prApti tathA abhISTa vastu-prApti para nirbhara hai| dUsare varga meM adhika vikAsa vAle aise prANo Ate haiM, jo bAhya-bhautika sAdhanoM kI prApti meM sukha na mAna kara AdhyAtmika guNoM kI prApti meM sukha mAnate haiN| ina donoM vargoM ke mAne hue sukhoM meM se prathama sukha parAdhIna hai, jabaki dUsarA svAdhIna sukha hai / parAdhIna sukha ko kAma aura svAdhIna sukha ko mokSa kahate haiN| ___ saMsAra meM adhikAMza prANI kAma puruSArtha para calane vAle haiM jo sukha ke badale duHkha, azAnti aura becainI pAte haiN| unameM se jo jijJAsu vyakti vAstavika sukha kI zodha meM calate haiM, taba unake samakSa du:kha mukti aura svAdhIna sukhaprApti kA prazna mukhya bana jAtA hai / jJAnI puruSa unheM batAte haiM ki mokSa puruSArtha karane se hI uparyukta prazna kA hala nikala sakatA hai / mokSArthI ke mana meM prazna jijJAsu vyakti jyoM-jyoM mokSa puruSArtha ko samajhane lagatA hai, tyoM-tyoM usake mana meM nAnA prakAra ke prazna ubharate jAte haiN| mukhyatayA ye prazna isa prakAra ke hote haiM maiM kauna hU~? isa ganuSyaloka meM kaise aura kahA~-kahA~ se AyA hU~ ? mere Asa-pAsa jo jagat vyApta hai, usameM jIvoM kI vividhatA kyoM hai ? kyoM yaha janma-maraNa rUpa saMsAra duHkharUpa nahIM hai ? isa duHkha se mukti kaise ho sakatI hai ? duHkhamukti ke isa mArga me kauna-kauna mukhya sahAyaka ho sakate haiM ? kyA mujhe bhI mokSa prApta ho sakatA hai ?' ye aura isa prakAra ke anya prazna jijJAsu ke mana meM uthala puthala macA dete haiM / mana meM praznoM kA ghaTATopa hone ke kAraNa vyakti ulajhana meM par3a jAtA hai| vaha
Page #16
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 10 | sampAdakIya hama ina praznoM ke uttara pAne kA prayatna karatA hai / parantu uttara prApti kA kArya, jitanA socate haiM, utanA AsAna nahIM hai / praznoM kA yathArtha samAdhAna jinokta tatva jJAna se hI pahalI bAta to yaha hai ki alpajJa jijJAsu svayaM hI kucha uttaroM kI kalpanA to kara letA hai, lekina tarka paramparA jyoM hI Age bar3hatI hai, ki manuSya svayaM tarka ke jhUle para car3hakara socane lagatA hai - aisA hI kyoM, aisA kyoM nahIM ? phalataH usake dvArA kalpita uttaroM meM yathArthatA dRSTigocara nahIM hotii| unameM eka prakAra ke virodha aura asaMgati ke darzana hote haiM / vaha ina praznoM ke yathArtha uttara pAne ke lie aise yathArthaM mahAjJAniyoM kI ora dRSTi daur3AtA hai jinhoMne svayaM uttara pA liyA ho, jo niSpakSa evaM vItarAga hokara sabako apane anubhava dete hoN| aise mahApuruSoM ko jaina dharmaM meM 'jina' kahate haiM / unake dvArA batAe hue tattvoM ko jaina tattva yA jinoktatattva kahate haiM / hAM pUrvokta praznoM kI vikaTa aTavI meM phaMse hue vyaktiyoM ko jaina (jinokta) tatva hI nikAla sakate haiM, kyoMki unameM pUrNa vItarAgatA aura sarvajJatA kA sambandha hai / ve hI ukta jijJAsu ke mana meM uThane vAle praznoM kA yathArtha samAdhAna kara sakate haiM / tatvajJAna hI manuSya ke mokSa viSayaka puruSArtha meM sahAyaka hotA hai / tasva kI mahattA isalie bhAratIya darzana meM tattva ke sambandha meM gaharAI se anuzIlana - parizIlana kiyA gayA hai| sabhI kA yaha mantavya hai ki tatvajJAna se hI mokSa kI prApti hotI hai. tatvajJa hI mokSa prApta kara sakatA hai / " vastutaH jise tattva saMvedana arthAt tattvoM kA nizcayAtmaka bodha huA ho, vahI mokSa viSayaka sAdhanA yathArtha rUpa se kara sakatA hai| vaise dekhA jAe to jIvana meM tattvoM kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| jIvana aura tattva eka dUsare se sambandhita haiM / tattva se jIvana ko pRthaka nahIM kiyA jA sakatA, kyoMki tattva ke abhAva meM jIvana gatizIla nahIM ho sktaa| jIvana meM se tattva ko pRthaka karane kA artha hai - AtmA ke astittva se inkAra honA / darzana ke kSetra meM tattva zabda gambhIra cintana ko lie hue hai / dArzanika kSetra meM cintana-manana kA prArambha tattvajJAna se hI hotA hai / "ki tattvam' ?' 'tattva kyA hai ?' yahI tattva jijJAsA darzana kA mUla hai / Adya zaMkarAcArya ne tattvavicAra se hI AtmajJAna kA prArambha mAnA hai / ve kahate haiM-- 1 jiNapaNNatta tattaM 2 (ka) tatvajJAnAnnizrayasAdhigamaH (kha) paMcaviMzatitatvajJo yatrakutrAzrame rataH / jaTI muNDI zikhI vA'pi mucyate nAtra saMzayaH // - Avazyaka sUtra -- nyAyadarzana - sAMkhyadarzana
Page #17
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sampAdakIya | 11 'koshaM ? kathamidaM jAtam ? ko vaM kartA'sya vidyate upAdAnaM kimastIha vicAra: so'yamIdRzaH / / 5 arthAt - maiM kauna hU ? yaha ( zarIrAdi) kaise utpanna huA ? isa (jagat) kAM karttA kauna hai ? isameM upAdAna kyA hai ? isa prakAra kA jo vicAra haiM, vahI (brahmajJAna kA mUla ) hai | zrImad rAjacandra ke zabdoM meM hu~ po chu ? kyA~ thI thayo ? zuM svarUpa che mArU kharU ? konA sambandhe valagaNA che ? rAkhU ke e pariharU ? 2 isa prakAra eka yA dUsare prakAra se tattvajJAna kI mahattA sabhI dharmoM aura darzanoM ne tathA mumukSuoM svIkAra kI hai / tattva zabda : vibhinna arthoM meM 'tat' zabda se bhAva artha meM 'tva' pratyaya laga kara 'tattva' zabda banA hai / jisakA artha hotA hai - 'tasya bhAvaH tattvam' - usakA bhAva tattva hai / tattva kA phalitArtha huA - 'vastu kA svarUpa' athavA sArabhUta yA rahasyamaya vastu / laukika dRSTi se bhI tattva zabda vAstavika sthiti, yathArthatA, sAravastu yA sArAMza, artha meM prayukta hotA hai / dArzanika vicArakoM ne prastuta artha ko svIkAra karate hue bhI paramArtha, dravya svabhAva, para, apara, dhyeya, zuddha aura parama ke lie tattva zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai / vibhinna darzanoM meM tattva nirUpaNa prAyaH sabhI darzanoM ne apanI-apanI dRSTi se tattvoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai / bhautikavAdI cArvAka darzana ne bhI 1. pRthvI, 2. jala 3. vAyu aura 4. agni, ye cAra tattva mAne haiM; usane AkAza ko nahIM mAnA, kyoMki AkAza kA jJAna pratyakSa se na hokara anumAna se hotA hai| vaizeSika darzana ne 1. dravya, 2. guNa 3. karma, 4. sAmAnya 5. vizeSa 6. samavAya aura 7 abhAva, ina sAta padArthoM ko tattva ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA hai | nyAyadarzana ne 1. pramANa, 2. prameya, 3. saMzaya, 4. prayojana, 5. dRSTAnta; 6. siddhAnta, 7. avayava, 8 tarka 8. nirNaya 10. vAda, 11. jalpa, 12. vitaNDA 13. hetvAbhAsa, 14. chala, 15. jAti aura 16. nigrahasthAna, ina solaha padArthoM ko tattva rUpa meM mAnA hai / sAMkhyadarzana ne 25 tattva mAne haiM - 1. prakRti, 2. mahat 3. ahaMkAra 4-8. pA~ca jJAnendriya 6-13. pA~ca karmendriya, 14-18. pA~ca tanmAtrAe~, 16. mana, 20-24 paMcamahAbhUta aura 25. puruSa / yoga darzana 'Izvara' nAmaka tattva vo adhika mAnakara 26 tattva mAnatA hai / mImAMsAdarzana vedavihita karma ko hI sat aura tattva 1 zaMkarAcArya praznottarI / 2 amUlya tatva vicAra 3 tattaM taha paramaTThe davvasahAvaM taheva paramaparaM / dheyaM suddhaM paramaM eyaTA huti abhihANA / " --bRhadnayacakra 4
Page #18
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 12 / sampAdakIya mAnatA hai / vedAnta darzana ekamAtra brahma ko hI satya (tattva) ke rUpa meM svIkAra karatA hai / bauddhadarzana ne tattvarUpa meM cAra Aryasatya mAne haiM-1. duHkha, 2. duHkhasamudaya, 3. duHkha-nirodha aura 4. duHkha-nirodha mArga / jaina darzana ne jina prajJapta SaTadravya, sapta tattva yA no padArtha ke rUpa meM tattvoM kA svIkAra kiyA hai| isa prakAra pratyeka Astika darzana ne apanI-apanI paramparA aura dRSTi ke anusAra tattva mImAMsA kI hai aura tattvavicAra sthira kiyA hai| tattva vicAra ke pIche janadRSTi jaina darzana kI yaha vizeSatA hai ki usameM tattva kA vicAra, jaise ki pahale kahA gayA thA, mokSasukha yA AtmA kI sampUrNa svadhInatA kI dRSTi se kiyA gayA hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki mokSasukha meM sAdhaka yA sahAyaka tattvoM ke sAtha-sAtha bAdhaka tattvoM ko bhI jJeya ke rUpa meM mAnA hai; kyoMki mokSasAdhanA meM bAdhava jJaya tattvoM ko jAne binA sAdhaka tattvoM ko upAdeya mAnakara bhalI bhA~ti sAdhanA nahIM kI jA sktii| ataH mokSasAdhanA meM upayogI jJa yoM ko tattva kahA gayA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra kA tattvajJAna - sampUrNa AgamavAGamaya kA dohana kiyA jAe to yatra tatra tattvajJAna kI carcA milegii| bhagavatI sUtra meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ke sAtha anyatIthika tApasoM, paribrAjakoM tayA pAvApatya zramaNoM, svatIthika zramaNoM Adi ke dvArA vibhinna tattvoM kI carcA kA ullekha milatA hai / vaha yuga tattva jijJAsAoM se bharA thaa| bhagavAn mahAvIra kA tattvajJAna anantadharmAtmaka vastu kA yathArtha vizleSaNa anekAnta dRSTi se karatA thaa| isalie . vastusvarUpa kA yathArtha vizleSaNa karane vAlA bhagavAn kA sUkSma tattvajJAna anya yUthika tApasoM, saMnyAsiyoM aura paribrAjakoM ko bhI AkRSTa karatA thaa| phalataH ambar3a skandaka, pudgala' aura ziva Adi parivrAjaka bhagavAn ke pAsa Ae / tattva carcA kI aura samAdhAna pAkara bhagavAn ke ziSya bana ge| kAlodAyI' Adi anyayUthikoM ke prasaMga bhagavAn ke tattvajJAna kI sUkSmatA para prakAza DAlate haiM / somila brAhmaNa, tugiyAnagarI ke zramaNopAsaka, jayantI zrAvikA tathA mAkandI, roha, piMgala Adi zramaNoM ke prazna tattvajJAna kI vividha dhArAoM ke pratIka hai / ina 1 bhagavatI 14 / 107,106 2 vahI 2 / 20-73 3 bhagavatI 11 / 186-186 4 vahI 11 / 57-86 5 vahI 7 / 212-222 6 bhagavatI 18 / 204, 224, 2 / 62-111, 12 / 41-65 7 bhagavatI 1556-85, 1288-308, 2 / 25-26
Page #19
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sampAdakIya | 13 saba udAharaNoM para se phalita hotA hai ki tattva ko amuka saMkhyA meM bA~dhA nahIM jA sakatA / pratyeka vastu ke sAtha tattva kA prazna anusyUta hai| tattvoM kI saMkhyA vAstava meM tattvoM kI nizcita saMkhyA nahIM hai / tattva kitane haiM ? isa prazna kA uttara AgamoM aura vividha granthoM meM vibhinna rUpa se diyA hai ! eka zailI ke anusAra tattva do haiM-1. jIva aura 2. ajIva / dUsarI zailI ke anusAra tattva 7. haiM-- 1. jIva, 2. ajIva, 3. Asrava 4. bandha, 5. saMvara, 6. nirjaga aura 7. mokSa / tIsarI zailI ke anusAra tattvoM kI saMkhyA puNya aura pApa sahita nau haiN| uttarAdhyayana Adi Agama sAhitya meM tIsarI zailI upalabdha hotI haiN| bhagavatI, prajJApanA Adi meM jahA~ zrAvakoM ke vratadhAraNottara jIbana kA varNana AtA hai, vahA~ 11 tattvoM ke jAnane kA ullekha AtA hai / yathA-1. jIva, 2. ajIva, 3. puNya, 4. pApa, 5. Asrava 6. saMvara 7. nirjarA, 8. kriyA, 6. adhikaraNa 10. bandha aura 11. mokSa meM kushltaa| vAstava meM tatva do hI haiM--jIva aura ajIva / puNya se lekara mokSa taka ke sAta tatva svatantra nahIM haiM, ve jIva aura ajIva ke avasthA-vizeSa haiM / deva, guru aura dharma : tIna tatva dUsarI dRSTi se dekhA jAe to 1. deva 2. guru aura 3. dharma ye tIna tatva mokSaprApti meM sahAyaka evaM sAdhaka haiM / deva aura guru; ye jIva ke hI mukta aura karmamukti ke lie prayatnazIla; do rUpa haiM / aba rahA dharmatatva-jisameM samyagdarzana jJAna-cAritrarUpa lokotara dharma tathA nIti-dharma-pradhAna lokika dharmoM kA samAveza ho jAtA hai| sAtha hI zrutadharma meM uparyukta nau tatva, SaDdravya, pramANa, naya, nikSepAdi tathA pariNAminityavAda Adi saba tatvoM kA samAveza ho jAtA hai, cAritradharma meM ahiMsA, satyAdi sabhI zAzvata dharmoM kA samAveza ho jAtA hai / astikAya dharma meM paMcAstikAya, AtmavAda, lokavAda karmavAda aura kriyAvAda Adi kA samAveza ho jAtA hai| deva aura guru tatva devatatva mokSasAdhaka ke lie isalie grAhya hai ki usake binA mumukSu ke sAmane koI Adarza evaM vyavahAra kA setu nahIM rhtaa| devatatva meM mokSaprApta siddha yA vItarAga arhanta deva Ate haiM, jo sAdhaka kI mokSayAtrA meM prakAzastambha haiM aura gurutatvajisameM AcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAdhu Ate haiM, mokSArthI ke lie mokSasAdhanA ke Adarza haiM / ina donoM tatvoM ko apanAye binA dharmatatva ko bhalIbhAMti hRdayaMgama karanA, jAnanA aura Acarita karanA kaThinatara haiM / isalie sarvatatvoM ke tatvajJa tathA tatvadarzI devAdhidevoM aura dharmadevoM guruoM kA mArgadarzana dharmatatva ko sarvAMgarUpa se jAnane hetu nitAnta Avazyaka hai| dharmatatva kI zAzvata-azAzvata dhArA isa vizva meM kucha tatva zAzvata hai aura kucha azAzvata / dharmatatva-jo ki sIdhA mokSa se sambandhita zAzvata ke saMgIta kA madhuralaya hai / parantu bhagavAn mahAvIra
Page #20
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 14 | sampAdakIya ne zrutadharma, cAritradharma aura astikAya dharma; ina zAzvata tatvoM kI vyAkhyA zAzvata dharma ke mAdhyama se kI hai, aura sAmayika satyoM kI vyAkhyA sAmayika dharma ke mAdhyama se kI / bhagavAn mahAvIra ne sAmayika dharmoM meM grAmadharma, nagaradharma, rASTradharma, pASaNDadharma, kuladharma, gaNadharma aura saMghadharma ko ginAyA hai kyoMki sAmAjika, rAjanaitika, athavA sAMghika vyavasthAe~ sthAyI nahIM hotIM / dravya-kSetra kAla-bhAva ke anusAra dharma kI azAzvata dhArA ko bhI bhagavAn mahAvIra ne zAzvata dharma ke sAtha samanvati kiyA / aura sAtha meM pratyeka dharma sAdhaka ko eka kunjI pakar3A dI ki 'apanI prajJA ( sad-asadvivekazAlinI buddhi) se tatvarUpa se nizcita dharmatatva kI samIkSA kro|' arthAthara samaya tumhAre sAtha deva aura guru dharma ke mArgadarzana ke lie nahIM raheMge, tumheM dharmatatva ke yathArtha darzana ke lie apane sadviveka para nirbhara rahanA par3egA / jainatatva kalikA kI racanA pUrvokta tIna tatvoM ko lekara jainatatva kalikA nAmaka prastuta grantha kI racanA sva0 mahAmahima jainadharma divAkara AgamaratnAkara AcArya samrATa pUjya zrI AtmArAma jI mahArAja ne Aja se lagabhaga 50 varSa pUrva san 1632 meM kI thI / isakA pUrva nAma 'jainatatva kalikA vikAsa' hai, kintu sarala bhAva-bodha kI dRSTi se aba 'jainatattva kalikA' itanA nAma rakhA gayA hai / tatva kA vikAsa to isameM hai hI / Apane svayaM isa grantha ke likhane kA uddezya batAyA thA ki 'mere antaHkaraNa meM cirakAla se yaha cintana cala rahA thA ki Agama Adi grantha samudra haiM, unameM DubakI lagAkara tatvoM kA khoja pAnA sarvasAdhAraNa ke lie durUha hai. phira Agama prAkRta bhASA meM hai, saMskRtabhASA meM unakI TIkAe~ haiM, jinakA Azaya pratyeka vyakti ke lie samajhanA sugama nahIM hai / ataH hindI bhASA meM aisA eka grantha likhA jAya / jo sAmpradAyika virodha se sarvathA mukta ho, aura jisase jaina dRSTi se deva, guru aura dharmAdi tatvoM kA AsAnI se bhalIbhA~ti bodha ho jAe / " sAtha hI jinokta ina tatvoM ke svarUpa ko zAstroM ke uddharaNoM ke sAtha pramANita karane kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai, jisase pAThaka jainatatva jJAna kA isa eka hI grantha se bhalIbhA~ti adhyayana kara sake / vAstava meM sva. AcAryazrI ne isa grantha ke nAma ke anurUpa jaina ( jinola) tatvoM kA vikAsa kalikA ke rUpa meM kramazaH prastuta kiyA hai / jaina tatva kalikA kA pratipAdya viSaya prastuta grantha meM deva, guru aura dharma, ina tIna mukhya tattvoM kI mImAMsA kI gaI hai / prathama kalikA meM devatattva ke sarvAMgINa svarUpa Adi kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai / dvitIya kalikA meM gurutattva ke svarUpa kA, gurutattva meM parigaNita AcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAdhu ke guNoM aura AdarzoM kA digdarzana karAyA gayA hai / isake pazcAt tRtIya kalikA meM dharmatattva kA svarUpa tathA sthAnAMga sUtra meM varNita dharma ke 10 prakAroM kA ullekha karake unameM se dharmatattvoM kA vivecana prastuta 'pannA samikkha dhammatattaM tattaviNicchiyaM / ' - uttarAdhyayana. 23 / 25 1
Page #21
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sampAdakIya | 15 kiyA hai| caturthakalikA se chaThI kalikA taka zrutadharma kI vyAkhyA samyagjJAna, samyagdarzana aura AstikyavAda ke rUpa meM prastuta kI gaI hai / saptamakalikA meM astikAyadharma ke sandarbha meM paMcAstikAya, SaDdravyAtmaka loka evaM pariNAmavAda kI carcA prastuta kI gaI hai| aSTamakalikA meM dharmatattva ke sandarbha meM cAritradharma kI aura navamakalikA meM zrutadharma ke sandarbha meM pramANa-naya-nikSepavAda tathA anekAntavAda kI jhA~kI prastuta kI gaI hai / sAMrAza yaha hai ki tRtIya kalikA se lekara navamakalikA taka dharmatattva kA sAMgopAMga varNana kiyA gayA hai| sva. AcAryazrI ko durlabha kRti kA sampAdana Aja se pacAsa varSa pUrva likhita aura prakAzita sva. AcAryazrI kI isa durlabha evaM duSprApya kRti kA sampAdana evaM punarmudraNa Avazyaka anubhava kiyA jA rahA thaa| idhara sva0 AcAryazrI kI janma zatAbdI isI varSa manAI jAnI thii| navayuga sudhAraka jainavibhUSaNa mere pUjya gurudeva bhaNDArI zrI padama canda jI mahArAja kI satata preraNA rahI ki janma zatAbdI ke svarNa-avasara para sva0 AcAryazrI ke prati zraddhAMjali ke rUpa meM unakI isa durlabha kRti kA AcAryazrI ke bhAvoM ko surakSita rakhate hue naye DhaMga se, naI zailI meM sundara sampAdana kiyA jaae| sabhI ne mere nirbala kandhoM para isa bahumUlya racanA kA vyavasthita DhaMga se sampAdana kA bhAra DAlA / yadyapi maiM alpazruta una bahuzruta mahApuruSoM kI kRti ko vyavasthita rUpa dene meM apane Apa ko asamartha pA rahA thA, parantu zAstravizArada AgamajJa paM0 zrI hemacandrajI mahArAja se mArgadarzana kA sambala pAkara utsAhita ho uThA aura sAre grantha ko AdyopAnta par3ha kara tadanusAra yatra-tatra bhASA ko parimArjita karanA aura duruhazAstrIya bhAvoM ko parivaddhita rUpa meM prastuta karanA Avazyaka smjhaa| sva0 AcAryazrI ke Azaya ko vyavasthitarUpa se susaMskRta zailI meM prastuta karanA unake praziSya hone ke nAte adhikAra samajhakara maiMne kucha kalikAoM kA kramaparivartana kiyA hai, sAtha hI kahIM-kahIM vistRta zAstrIya pAThaka pATha kI bhAvadhArA ko bhaMga karane vAle pratIta hone se unheM phuTanoTa meM denA par3A hai / jo bhI ho, maiMne isa durlabha kRti kA navasaMskaraNa taiyAra karane kA jo bIr3A uThAyA thA, use maiM kitanA nibhA pAyA hU~, isakA nirNaya sujJa pAThaka hI kreNge| kintu itanA maiM sAdhikAra kaha sakatA hU~, jainatattvakalikA kA yaha navasaMskaraNa pAThakoM ko rucikara lagegA, aura jaina-jainatara sabhI jijJAsujana ise hRdayaMgama karake lAbha uThA skeNge| ____ anta meM, maiM sAhitya mahArathI mudraNa kalA vizeSajJa AtmIya zrI zrIcanda jI surAnA kA atyanta kRtajJa hU~, jinhoMne isa racanA ke sampAdana prakAzana meM apanA bahumUlya parAmarza aura sampUrNa sahayoga diyA hai| mere lie yaha ullAsa kA viSaya hai ki sva. AcAryazrI kI janmazatAbdI ke janajAgaraNayuga meM naye paridhAna ke sAtha jainatattvakalikA prastuta ho rahI hai / -amaramuni
Page #22
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ prajJApumSa ocoryazrI AtmArAma jI mahArAja [ saMkSipta paricaya ] yugapuruSa kA zAzvata vyaktitva yuga-puruSa apane yuga kI vicAra-krAnti kA sAdhikAra pratinidhitva karatA hai / usakA samagra jIvana, jana cetanA ke abhyutthAna ke lie hotA hai / vastutaH usakI apanI jo bhI kucha vibhUti hai, vaha usakI apanI na hokara jana-cetanA ke prANa-prANa meM vitarita ho jAtI hai / jaba yuga-puruSa apanA samasta jIvana-vaibhava janatA-janArdana ko samarpita kara detA hai, taba yuga kI jana-cetanA apane mAnasa ke sArabhUta tattva ko zraddhA aura bhakti ke nAma para usa yuga-puruSa ke caraNoM meM arpita karake usake jIvana kA anukaraNa aura anusaraNa karane lagatI hai| yuga-puruSa kA jIvana jaba jana-jana kI cetanA meM pratibimbita ho jAtA haitaba usake vicAra yuga vicAra ho jAte haiM / usakI vANI yuga-vANI ho jAtI hai / usakA karma yuga-karma ho jAtA hai / yuga-puruSa, vastutaH apane yuga kI krAntiyoM kA kendra hotA hai / jana-jAgaraNa kA krAntidUta bana jAtA hai / ___ zraddheya caraNa, AcArya pravara zrI AtmArAma jI mahArAja sthAnakavAsI jaina samAja ke hI nahIM, balki sampUrNa jaina samAja ke eka yuga-puruSa the| usa yuga-puruSa ke vicAra Aja bhI samAja ko Aloka pradAna kara rahe haiN| unakI vANI, Aja bhI bhaktoM ke hRdayAkAza meM pratidhvanita ho rahI hai| unakA karma, Aja bhI samAja ko vikAsa tathA pragati kA divya saMdeza de rahA hai| __AcArya zrI kyA the, kahanA sarala na hogaa| kisI bhI yuga-puruSa ko zabdoM meM bA~dhanA utanA sahaja nahIM hai, jitanA samajha liyA jAtA hai / yuga-puruSa kI jIvanadhArA kA vega zabdoM kI parisImA se pare, bahuta pare hotA hai| hama baune loga unakI U~cAI ko kaise nA ? aura unakI garimA ko kaise toleM ? mahApuruSoM kI jIvana mahimA kI nApa aura taula nahIM kI jA sakatI hai / ve apane tulya Apa hI hote haiM / unakI tulanA evaM upamA nahIM ho sktii| para, maiM pUchatA hU~-AcArya zrI kyA nahIM the? ve vicAra meM AcAra the, aura AcAra meM vicAra the / ve eka hokara bhI aneka the, aura aneka hokara bhI eka the| ve vyakti hokara bhI samAja the, aura samAja hokara bhI vyakti the / ve virodha meM avirodha the, aura avirodha meM bhI virodha the| unameM jaina dharma, darzana aura saMskRti sAkAra
Page #23
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ prajJA-pradIpa jainAgama ratnAkara sva0 AcArya samrATa zrI AtmArAma jI mahArAja janma : vi0 saM0 1936 bhAdrapada sudi 12 svargavAsa : san 1661, 31 janavarI
Page #24
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Page #25
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ prajJApuruSa AcAryazrI AtmArAma jI mahArAja | 17 hue the / sAhitya ko vANI milI, darzana ko bhASA milI aura jainAgamoM ko eka praur3ha bhASAkAra milA / unake jIvana meM prema bhI apAra thA, to prahAra kI coTeM bhI kucha kama na thIM / lAkhoM bhaktoM ne unheM prema kA upahAra diyA, to canda rAha bhUle logoM ne unheM prahAra denA pasanda kiyA / parantu AcArya zrI vaha zivazaMkara the, jisane janakalyANa ke lie svayaM viSapAna karake dUsaroM ko sadA amRta hI baaNttaa| samAja kA viSa lekara, nirantara use amRta pradAna karate rahanA - AcAryazrI kA sahaja zIla svabhAva thA / zAsaka: sevaka ve zramaNa saMgha ke ekamAtra sArvabhauma sattA prApta samrATa hokara bhI apane Apa ko eka sevaka hI mAnate rahe the / apanI sattA kA sadupayoga hI sadA unhoMne kiyA, durupayoga kabhI nahIM / sattA kI lipsA unake mana meM kabhI nahIM rahI, phira bhI loga unheM sattAdhIza kahate the / AcAryazrI kA jIvana usa mahakate gulAba kI taraha thA, jo svayaM to tIkhe kA~ToM kI nukIlI seja para sotA haiM, para dUsaroM ko unmukta-bhAva se apanI suSamA aura surabhi bA~TatA rahatA hai / ve samAja ke andhakAra se lar3ane vAle eka jyotirmaya amara prakAza-puMja the / unakA jIvana Alokamaya thA / 1 AcArya zrI kA vyaktittva bar3A hI adbhuta, vilakSaNa evaM prabhAvazAlI thA / jo vyakti eka bAra unake paricaya meM A gayA, vaha sadA ke lie unakA anuyAyI bana gayA / 1 bAtacIta meM ve bar3e paTu aura sAtha hI vinodapriya bhI the / unake madhura vyaMgyavANoM se kisI kA bhI baca rahanA sambhava na thA / bAtacIta ke prasaMga para ve bIca-bIca meM rUpaka tathA laghukathA evaM hAsyakathA kahakara gambhIra vAtAvaraNa ko bhI sarasa, sundara . aura madhura banAne kI kalA meM dakSa the / bolate samaya unakI vANI se phUloM kI varSA hotI thI / unakI AtmIyatA bahuta vizAla thI - usameM sva-para kI bheda - rekhA nahIM thI / saba unake the| kyoMki ve svayaM sabake the / vyaktitva ko bAhya chaMvi 1 gaura varNa, ma~jhalA kada, bharA-pUrA damakatA camakatA zarIra / painI nAka aura upanetra se jhA~kate-ha ~sate sundara netra / kapola - pAlI para khelatI madhura muskAna / sira para ghuMgharAlI cA~dI sI keza rAzi / zarIra para khAdI ke dhavala- vimala vastra / haMsa jaisI manda gati / unake vyaktitva meM saba kucha sundara hI sundara thA / vicAroM meM jumbaka jaisA AkarSaNa, vANI meM mahakate surabhita kusumoM-sA varSaNa aura karma meM yogI sI ekAgratA / yaha saba kucha unake bAharI vyaktitva kA eka madhura jAdU thA / sIdhA-sAdA rahana-sahana, sIdhI-sAdI cAla-DhAla aura sIdhA-sarala vyavahAra, nizcaya hI unake pAvana pavitra vyaktitva kA eka madhura saMsmaraNa haiM /
Page #26
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 18 | prajJApuruSa AcAryazrI AtmArAma jI mahArAja gatizIla - pragatizIla AcAryazrI kA jIvana prArambha se hI vikAsonmukhI rahA hai / nirantara pragati karanA, Age bar3hate rahanA, apanI sAdhanA meM kabhI pramAda na karanA, ye unake pAvana sahaja guNa the / eka sAmAnya santa se Apa apanI jJAna-sAdhanA ke bala para viziSTa santa bane / ApakI yogyatA ko dekhakara samasta paMjAba saMgha milakara Apako upAdhyAya pada pradAna kiyA / yaha pada ApakI viziSTa yogyatA ke anurUpa hI thA / isa pada para AsIna hone ke bAda aneka zramaNa-janoM ko Apane saMskRta evaM prAkRta bhASAoM kA aura Agama evaM darzana granthoM kA gambhIra adhyayana karAyA thA / ApakA jIvana jJAna-pipAsuoM ke liye eka vizAla jJAna - prapA ( jJAna kI pyAU ) ke samAna thA, jisa para pahu~cakara sabhI ko paritRpti hotI thI, balki maiM to kahU~gA jJAna kA eka aisA madhura jala srota ( cazmA ) thA jahA~ nirantara zItala madhura pravAha bahutA rahatA aura jo bhI vahAM pahu~catA vaha paritRpti anubhava karatA / cirakAla taka upAdhyAya pada para rahane ke bAda paMjAba saMgha ne ekamata hokara Apako AcArya pada pradAna kiyA / sAdar3I sammelana ke avasara para samasta zrIsaMgha ne milakara Apako zramaNa saMgha ke AcArya pada para nirvAcita kiyA / yaha nirvAcana saba kI sahamati se kiyA gayA thaa| sAdar3I se lekara apane jIvana ke carama caraNoM taka Apa akhaNDa rUpa meM zramaNa saMgha ke AcArya rahe / lAkhoM bhaktoM ke lie Apa unakI bhakti, zraddhA aura niSThA ke mukhya kendra sthAna rahate Aye the / yaha ApakI loka-priyatA kA, jaga-jana- vallabhatA kA eka Thosa evaM prabala pramANa thA / gahana jJAna: sUkSma anubhUti AcAryazrI kA adhyayana bahuta gambhIra aura vizAla thA / apanI prakhara pratibhA aura apratihata medhA ke bala para unhoMne jo pANDitya adhigata kiyA thA, vaha vastutaH Adara kI vastu hai, aura hama logoM ke lie mahAna Adarza hai / vyAkaraNa, sAhitya, kAvya, koza, nyAya, darzana aura Agama bAGamaya ke Apa virAT vidvAna the / Agama para ApakA pUrNa adhikAra thaa| mUla Agama hI nahIM, Agamo para niyukti, bhASya, cUrNi aura TIkAoM kA bhI Apane gambhIra adhyayana kiyA thaa| saMskRta aura prAkRta jaisI prAcIna bhASAoM para ApakA asAdhAraNa adhikAra thA / apane jIvana kAla meM Apane zatAdhika granthoM kA lekhana, sampAdana aura vyAkhyAna kiyA hai / AgamoM para Apane sarvajana sulabha bhASA meM vyAkhyAe~ prastuta kI haiM / AgamoM ke atirikta dharma, darzana, saMskRti aura Adi viSayoM para bhI aneka granthoM kA saMgumphana kiyA hai ApakI zruta sevA 'cirasmaraNIya rahegI / sthAnakavAsI samAja ke Apa yugAntarakArI sAhityakAra rahe haiM / ApakI sAhityasarjanA samAja kI vizeSa sampatti hai aura samAja ko usa para svAbhimAna bhI hai| zruta sevA aura saMgha- sevA unake tejasvI jIvana kA eka mahAna Adarza thA / eka mahAn preraNA-srota thA /
Page #27
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ prajJApuruSa AcAryazrI AtmArAma jI mahArAja | 19 janma-paMjAba prAnta jilA jAlandhara ke antargata 'rAhoM' nagarI meM kSatriyakula mukuTa-copar3A vaMzaja seTha manasArAma jI kI dharmapatnI paramezvarI devI kI kukSi se vi0 saM0 1636 bhAdrapada mAsa ke zuklapakSa, dvAdazI tithi, zubha muhUrta meM eka honahAra puNyaAtmA kA janma huaa| navajAta zizu kA mAtA-pitA ne janmotsava mnaayaa| anya kisI dina navajAta kuladIpaka kA nAma AtmArAma rakhA gyaa| zarIra sampadA se janatA ko aisA pratIta hotA thA, mAnoM, jaise ki devaloka se cyava kara koI deva Aye haiM / tapta kaJcana jaisA kAntimAna zarIra thaa| - daivayoga se zaizavakAla meM hI kramazaH mAtA-pitA kA sAyA sira se uTha gyaa| kucha varSoM taka ApakI dAdI ne ApakA bharaNa-poSaNa kiyA, tatpazcAt vRddhAvasthA hone se usakA bhI nidhana ho gayA / kucha samaya bAda bAlaka AtmArAma jI ke pUrva puNyoM ne camatkAra dikhaayaa| ludhiyAnA meM virAjita AcAryazrI motIrAma jI mahArAja ke sAnidhya meM Apa pahu~ca gaye / AcAryazrI ke darzana karate hI unake mana meM bhAvanA uThI'maiM bhI inake jaisA bnuuN|' yahI sthAna mere lie sarvathocita hai| aba anyatra kahIM jAne kI AvazyakatA hI nahIM rahI, yahI mArga mere lie zreyaskara hai|" bAlaka kI antarAtmA kI bhUkha ekadama bher3aka uThI, pUjya AcAryazrI motIrAma jI mahArAja se bAtacIta kI aura apane hRdaya ke bhAva munisattama ke samakSa rakhe / maNi-kaJcana kA saMyoga ho gyaa| pUjya zrI jI ne honahAra bAlaka ke zubha lakSaNa dekhakara apane sAtha rakhane kI svIkRti pradAna kii| kucha hI mahInoM meM kuzAgrabuddhi hone se bahuta kucha sIkha liyA / isase AcArya motIrAma jI ma0 ko bahuta santuSTi huI / pratyeka dRSTi se parakhakara dIkSA ke lie zubha muhUrta nizcita kiyA / apanI prakhara pratibhA tathA medhA se bAlaka AtmArAma ne guru ke hRdaya ko prabhAvita kara diyA / guru ko bIja meM aMkura aura aMkura meM eka vizAla vRkSa pratibhAsita ho rahA thaa| dIkSA-paTiyAlA zahara se 24 mIla uttara dizA kI ora chatabanDa' nagara meM munivara pahu~dhe / vahA~ vi0 saM0 1951 ASAr3ha zukla paMcamI ko zrI saMgha ne bar3e samAroha se dIkSA kA kAryakrama sampanna kiyA / dIkSAguru zraddheya zrI zAlIgrAma jI mahArAja bane aura vidyAguru AcArya zrI motIrAma jI mahArAja hI rahe / dIkSA-ke samaya nava- dIkSita zrI AtmArAmajI kI Ayu kucha mahIne kama bAraha varSa kI thI, kintu buddhi vizAla thI / pratibhAdhara vyaktitva laghu vaya meM hI tejasvI hotA hai aura mahAna kArya karane kI usameM agaNita saMbhAvanAeM tathA adbhuta zakti hotI hai, jisase vaha samagra samAja ko camatkRta kara detA hai| jyeSTha-zreSTha ziSyaratna rAvalapiNDI ke osavAla vaMzI vairAgya tyAga evaM saundarya kI sAkSAt mUrti zrI khajAnacanda jI ma0 kI vi0 saM0 1960 phAlguna zukla tRtIyA ke dina gujarAvAlA nagara meM zrI sa~gha ne bar3e utsAha aura harSa se dIkSA kA kAryakrama sampanna kiyaa|
Page #28
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 20 | prajJApuruSa AcArya zrI AtmArAma jI mahArAja . . unake dIkSAguru aura vidyAguru muni sattama paramayogI zrI AtmArAma jI ma0 bane / guru aura ziSya donoM ke zarIra tathA mana para saundarya kI apUrva chaTA dRSTigocara ho rahI thii| jaba donoM vyAkhyAna ke maMca para baiThate the, taba janatA ko aisA pratIta hotA thA, mAnoM sUrya-candra eka sthAna meM virAjita hoN| jaba adhyayana aura adhyApana hotA thA, taba aisA pratIta hotA thA, mAno sudharmA svAmI aura jambUsvAmI jI virAja rahe hoM / kyoMki donoM hI ghora brahmacArI, mahAmanISI, nirbhIka pravaktA, zuddha saMyamI, svAdhyAya-parAyaNa, dRr3ha niSThAvAna, lokapriya evaM saMghasevI the| guru ziSya kI isa yugala jor3I ne samAja ko jo pradeya pradAna kiyA, vaha thA-jJAna aura kriyA / guru thA jJAna, to usakA prakhara ziSya thA--- kriyaa| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke zAsana meM jJAna aura kriyA ke samanvaya ko mokSa kA sAdhana, mokSa kA mArga kahA gayA hai, jisakI saMpUrti, isa vartamAna yuga meM guru-ziSya ne kI thii| upAdhyAya pada amRtasara nagara meM pUjya zrI sohanalAla jI ma ne tathA paMjAba prAntIya zrI saMgha ne vi0 saM0 1666 ke varSa meM munivara zrI AtmArAma jI ma0 ko upAdhyAya pada se suzobhita kiyA / usa samaya saMskRta-prAkRta bhASA ke tathA AgamoM ke aura darzana zAstroM ke udbhaTa vidvAna munivara zrI AtmArAma jI ma0 hI the / ataH isa pada se adhika suzobhAyamAna hone lge| sthAnakavAsI jaina paramparA meM usa kAla kI apekSA se sarvaprathama upAdhyAya banane kA saubhAgya zrI AtmArAma jI mahArAja ko hI prApta huaa| sthAnakavAsI samAja meM, isase pUrva kisI bhI sampradAya meM upAdhyAya pada, kisI ko nahIM diyA gayA, yaha itihAsasiddha satya hai| AcAryapada vi0 saM0 2003 caitra zaklA trayodazI mahAvIra jayantI ke zubha avasara para paMjAba prAntIya zrI saMgha ne ekamata hokara evaM pratiSThita munivaroM ne saharSa bar3e samAroha se janatA ke samakSa upAdhyAya zrI jo ko paMjAva saMgha ke AcArya pada kI pratIka cAdara mahatI . zraddhA se oddh'aaii| janatA ke jayanAda se AkAza gUMja uThA / paMjAba sampradAya ke jisa mahanIya AcArya pada para parama pratApI pUjya sohanalAla jI ma0 rahe hoM, tathA parama tejasvI pUjya kAzIrAma jI ma0 rahe hoM, usa gauravamaya pada kI maryAdA ko akSuNNa rakhane meM yahI puNyAtmA samartha ho sakate the, dUsarA koI nahIM / zramaNa saMghIya AcArya pada vi0 saM0 2006 meM akSaya tRtIyA ke dina sAdar3I nagara meM bRhatsAdhu sammelana huaa| vahA~ sabhI AcArya tathA anya padAdhikAriyoM ne saMghakyahita eka mana se padaviyoM kA vilInIkaraNa karake zramaNa saMgha ko susaMgaThita kiyA, aura naI vyavasthA bnaaii| jaba AcArya pada ke nirvAcana kA samaya AyA, taba AcArya pUjya AtmArAma jI mahArAja kA nAma agragaNya rahA / Apa usa samaya zarIra kI asvasthatA ke kAraNa
Page #29
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ prajJApuruSa AcAryazrI AtmArAma jI mahArAja | 21 ludhiyAnA meM virAjita the / sammelana meM anupasthita hone para bhI Apako hI AcArya pada pradAna kiyaa| jana-gaNa mAnasa meM AcArya pravara ke vyaktitva kI chApa cirakAla se par3I huI thI / isI kAraNa dUra rahate hue bhI zramaNa saMgha Apako hI AcArya banAkara apane Apako dhanya mAnane lagA / lagabhaga dasa varSa taka Apane zramaNasaMgha kA kuzalatA se netRtva kiyA aura apanA uttaradAyitva yathAzakya pUrNatayA nibhAyA / usa samaya zramaNa saMgha kI guru-gambhIra granthiyoM ko Apa jaisA prajJApuruSa hI sulajhA sakatA thA; anyathA saMgha usI samaya chinna-bhinna ho sakatA thaa| bhAratavyApI samagra sthAnakavAsI jaina saMgha kA AcAryapada sambhAlanA koI AsAna kAma na thA / paNDita maraNa vi0 saM0 2018 meM Apa zrI jI ke zarIra ko lagabhaga tIna mahIne kaiMsara mahAroga ne ghere rakhA thA / mahAvedanA hote hue bhI Apa zAnta rahate the / dUsare ko yaha bhI patA nahIM calatA thA, ki ApakA zarIra kaiMsara roga se grasA huA hai / apanI nitya kriyA vaise hI calatI rahI, jaise ki pahale / antatogatvA Apa zrI jI ne dinAMka 30-1-61 ko prAtaH 10 baje apacchima mAraNAntika saMlekhanA karake anazana kara diyA / parama samAdhi tathA zAnti ke sAtha 31 janavarI prArambha huI / 1. ThIka do bajakara bIsa minaTa para pUjya zrI AtmArAma jI mahArAja amara ho gaye / mAghavadI navamI - dasamI kI madhyarAtri ko nazvara zarIra kA parityAga kiyA / saMyamagItA, sahiSNutA gambhIratA, vidvattA, dIrghadarzitA, saralatA, namratA tathA puNyapuja se ve mahAna the / divaMgata AcArya samrAT ke praziSya, upAdhyAya zrI phUlacanda jI ma0 'zramaNa' ne apane guru ke apUrNa kArya ko pUrA karane kA saMkalpa grahaNa kara liyA thA / upAdhyAya jI ne upAsaka dazAMga, nandI sUtra aura sthAnAMga sUtra kA sampAdana karake prakAzita karA diyA hai / bhaNDArI zrI padamacandra jI ma0 AcArya zrI jI ke nikaTa vizvasta sevaka rahe. haiM / AcAryazrI kI antima avasthA meM unhoMne tana-mana samarpaNa karake aglAna sevA kI hai / ve Aja bhI AcArya zrI kI mahimA garimA ke lie prayatnazIla haiM / AcArya zrI kI janma zatAbdI varSa ke upalakSya meM unhoMne, jaina zruta sAhitya kA mahAna ratnAkara 'bhagavatI sUtra' kA sampAdana- vivecana kara prakAzita karAne kI mahAna yojanA banAI hai, bhagavatI ke do khaNDa taiyAra bhI ho gaye haiM / AcAryazrI kI eka mahatvapUrNa kRti - 'jaina tatva kalikA vikAsa' kA sampIdana pravacanabhUSaNa zrI amara munijI ne navIna zailI meM kiyA hai / jo 'jaina tatva kalikA' nAma se prakAzita ho rahI hai| vAstava meM ziSya yA praziSya koI bhI ho, jo guru kI garimA meM cAra cA~da lagAe vahI zlAghanIya hai / bhaNDArI zrI padamacandra jI mahArAja evaM zrI amaramuni jI isa kSetra meM agraNI rahe haiM /
Page #30
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 22 | prajJApuruSa AcAryazrI AtmArAma jI mahArAja sevAbhAvI muniratna, ratanamuni jI tathA krAntimuni jI prabhAkara, AcArya zrI jI ke saMkalpa ko pUrA karane kA pUrA-pUrA prayAsa kara rahe haiM / ina munivaroM se, AcArya zrI jI ke uttarAdhikAriyoM se samAja ko bhaviSya meM bahuta AzA hai / saMpAdita Agama ____ AcArya zrI AtmArAmajI mahArAja eka prajJApuruSa the, yA yoM kaha sakatA hU~ jinAgama mandira meM satata prajvalita eka akhaNDa prajJAdIpa the / unakI vANI meM jJAna kI gambhIratA ke sAtha hI anubhava kI sahajatA thI, unako lekhanI meM Agamo ke rahasya itanI sahajatA se prasphuTita hote the, mAno upavana meM kusuma kaliyA~ caTakatI-khilatI apanA saurabha luTA rahI hoM / jJAna kI gambhIratA, viSaya kI vizadatA aura bhASA kI sahaja subodhatA, AcAryazrI kI sAhitya-sAdhanA ke tribhuja the| ___Apane AgamoM meM-Avazyaka sUtra donoM bhAga, anuyoga dvAra sUtra, dazavaikAlika, uttarAdhyayana; AcArAMga, upAsakadazA, nandI, sthAnAMga, aMtagaDa, anuttaraupapAtika dazAzrutaskaMdha, vRhatkalpa, nirayAvalikA, praznavyAkaraNa Adi AgamoM kI hindI vyAkhyAe~ likhI haiM : ina Agama vyAkhyAoM meM TokA, bhASya, cUNi Adi kA sArapUrNa cintana lekara unakA nicor3a prastuta kiyA gayA hai / uttarAdhyayana evaM dazavakAlika sUtra kI TIkAeM to itanI lokapriya huI haiM ki na kevala sthAnakavAsI zramaNa-zramaNI, kintu zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka tathA terApaMthI sAdhu samAja meM bhI ve Adara ke sAtha par3hI jAtI haiN| __ Agama vyAkhyAoM ke atirikta jainatatva darzana kA saralIkaraNa karane vAlI aneka choTI-bar3I lagabhaga 60 pustakeM bhI AcAryazrI ne likhiiN| jinameM jaina tatva kalikA vikAsa, jaina nyAya saMgraha, jainAgamoM meM syAdvAda, jainAgamoM meM paramAtmavAda jainAgamoM meM aSTAMga yoga Adi vizeSa mahatvapUrNa tathA paThanIya pustakeM haiM / vAstava meM AcAryazrI kA kRtitva aura vyaktitva sampUrNa jaina samAja ke lie prajJAdIpa thaa| jJAna aura kriyA kA eka saMgama thaa| jisameM jainatatva apanI sampUrNa garimA ke sAtha samAhita thaa| usa sthitaprajJa prajJA pradIpa ko koTi-koTi vandana ! jaina bhavana -vijaya muni, zAstrI AgarA
Page #31
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ navayuga sudhAraka jaina vibhUSaNa zrI bhaNDArI padma candra jI mahArAja
Page #32
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Page #33
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ bhAratIya cintanadhArA astitva ke do pahalU haiM- dRSTa tathA adRSTa / jo carmacakSa oM dvArA dekhA jA sakatA hai, indriyoM dvArA gRhIta kiyA jA sakatA hai vaha dRSTa hai, kyoMki vaha sthUla hai| sthUletara eka aura jagata hai; jise A~kheM dekha nahIM pAtI, kyoMki vaha sUkSma hai / sUkSma ko svAyatta kara pAne kI kSamatA sthUla meM nahIM, sUkSma meM hotI hai-sUkSma dRSTi meM hotI hai| jo bAhya netroM ke sthAna para Abhyantara netroM ke khula jAne para prApta hotI hai, jo (netra) vidyAmaya, satjJAnamaya yA sadbodhamaya hote haiN| "nAsti vidyAsamaM cakSa:" jaisI uttiyA~ isI pariprekSya meM mukharita huii| jo sUkSma meM saMpravRtta, saMpraviSTa nahIM hue, jinheM Abhyantara-darzana nahIM milA, unheM isa sthUla pA~ca bhautika jagat ke atirikta aura kucha sUjhA nhiiN| sUjhatA bhI kaise, saMskAra tathA adhyavasAya ke abhAva meM carma-cakSa oM se Age ve bar3he bhI to nhiiN| ataeva eka sasIma, saMkIrNa sthala jagat ke Age unakI buddhi jA nahIM sakI aura tadgata ApAta-sarasa, pariNAma-virasa aihika bhogoM, viSayoM evaM priyatAoM meM hI vaha aTakI raha gii| . "RNa lekara bhI ghI pIo / jaba taka jIo sukha se jiio|' cArvAka kA yaha kathana sunane meM bar3A madhura aura priya thA, para bhAratIya dharA para vaha Tika nahIM pAyA / yahI kAraNa hai, cArvAka kA darzana, kucha idhara-udhara bikharI huI uktiyoM ke atirikta suvyavasthita rUpa meM Aja kahIM bhI prApta nahIM hai| kyoMki mAnava ne khuba parIkSaNa kiyA nirIkSaNa kiyA, chaka kara bhoga bhoge para vaha antataH atuSTa hI rahA, zAMti nahIM pA skaa| - jina bhogoM kI mAdakatA meM unmatta banakara mAnava karaNIya-akaraNIya-saba bhUla jAtA hai, unameM vAstavika sukha nahIM hai, mAtra mRgamarIcikA jaisA sukhAbhAsa hai| Agama vAGamaya meM isa sandarbha meM bar3A mArmika vizleSaNa huA hai| eka sthAna para kahA hai 1 yAvajjIvet sukhaM jIvet, RNaM kRtvA ghRtaM pibet / bhasmIbhUtasya dehasya, punarAgamanaM kutaH / /
Page #34
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 24 | prastAvanA sAMsArika bhogoM meM kevala kSaNa bhara ke lie sukha prApta hotA hai, ve cirakAla taka duHkha dete haiM, atyanta dukha dete haiM / unameM sukha bahuta kama hai, duHkha hI dukha hai / ve mokSa sukha ke paripaMthI hai, anarthoM kI khAna haiM / " zAzvat, akSaya, niratizaya AdhyAtmika Ananda ke sAkSAddraSTA, sarvadraSTA, rAgadveSa-vijetA Apta puruSa kI yaha vAgI usa cirantana satya kA udghATana karatI hai, jisase bahinipekSa, sva-sApekSa AtmavAdI darzana yA adhyAtma cintana kA vikAsa huA / upaniSad - vAGamaya meM yAjJavalkya aura maitreyI kI bar3I sundara kathA hai / jJAnI yAjJavalkya saba kucha chor3akara saMnyAsa lene ko udyata the| unake do patniyAM thIMmaitrI aura kAtyAyanI / yAjJavalkya ke pAsa puSkala sampatti thI / ve apanI donoM patniyoM ke lie use do bhAgoM meM bAMTa denA cAhate the| usa sandarbha meM maitra yI se unakA jo AlApa-saMlApa huA, maitreyI ne unheM jo uttara diye, ve usa prabuddhahRdayA sannArI ke AdhyAtmika oja kI eka aisI kahAnI kaha rahe haiM, jo adhyAtma-pravaNa vAGmaya meM sadaiva preraNA ke eka jyotirmaya sphuliMga ke rUpa meM dedIpyamAna rahegI / vArtAlApa - prasaMga isa prakAra hai yAjJavalkya bole - "maitrayI, maiM isa sthAna se gRhasthAzrama se UrdhvagAmI honA cAhatA hU~ / saMnyAsa lenA cAhatA hU~ / ataH acchA ho, kAtyAyanI ke lie aura tumhAre lie apanI sampatti ke do bhAga kara dU~ / " maitrayI bolI - svAmI ! yadi dhana se ho jAe to kyA maiM usase ajara-amara ho sakUMgI ? bharI huI sArI pRthvI bhI mujhe prApta yAjJavalkya kA uttara thA - maitrayI ! aisA nahIM hotA / jaise anya sAdhana sampanna -- vaibhavazAlI janoM kA jIvana hotA hai, vaisA hI tumhArA hogA / dhana se amaratA kI AzA nahIM hai / maitrI ne kahA- jisase maiM amara na ho sakUM, usakA kyA karU~ ? ataH kRpayA mujhe amaratva kA mArga batalAie, jo Apa jAnate haiM / brahmavAdinI patnI kA yaha kathana sunakara yAjJavalkya prasannatApUrvaka kahane ho aura aba jo kaha rahI ho, bar3I priya vyAkhyA vivecanA karU~gA / mere dvArA lage - maitrayI ! tuma pahale bhI hameM priya rahI lagane vAlI bAta hai / Ao, baiTho, maiM isakI vyAkhyAta tathya para tuma cintana karanA / maitrI ! yaha AtmA hI darzanIya, zravaNIya, mananIya evaM nididhyAsanIya 1 khaNamitta sokkhA bahukAla - dukkhA, pagAma- dukkhA aNigAmadukkhA / saMsAra- mokkhassavipakkha bhUyA, khANI aNatthANa u kAmabhogA |
Page #35
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ prastAvanA | 25 ( dhyAna karane yogya) hai / isa AtmA ke hI darzana, zravaNa, manana evaM vijJAna se saba kA jJAna hotA hai, yahI prayojanabhUta jJAna hai / 11 bar3I preraka kahAnI hai yaha, jo bhAratIya cintanadhArA ke usa anAdi ananta srota kI ora iMgita karatI hai, jo sUkSmatama kA saMsparza karatA huA apane sarvatobhadra dhyeya kI ora sadA avizrAnta rUpa meM agrasara rhaa| AdhyAtmika cintana, dArzanika UhApoha, sAdhanA ke bahumukhI AtmasparzI prayoga Adi kI dRSTi se vastutaH vaha samaya bar3A mahimAmaya rahA hai / jaina darzana AdhyAtma pradhAna cintanadhArA meM jainadarzana kA apanA mahatvapUrNa sthAna hai / jaisA isake nAma se prakaTa hai, yaha jinaprarUpita tattva jJAna para AdhRta hai / 'jina' jaina paramparA kA eka pAribhASika zabda hai, jo apane Apa meM bar3A vizada tathA gahana artha liye hue hai / jinatva sAdhanA kA vaha paramotkarSa yA caramotkarSa hai, jahA~ sAdhaka rAga aura dveSa se atIta ho jAtA hai, krodha, mAna, mAyA tathA lobha ke prAcIroM ko lAMgha jAtA hai, jo usakI antazcetanA para gherA DAle thIM / sAdhaka vibhAvAvasthA ko dhvasta kara DAlatA hai. vaha svabhAvastha ho jAtA hai, svastha ho jAtA hai / usake ananta jJAna tathA ananta zaktimattA ke Avazyaka parde haTa jAte haiN| vartamAna, bhUta, bhaviSya, sthUla, sUkSma, parokSa, vyavahita - saba hastAmalakavat ho jAte haiM / aise vItarAgoM meM viziSTa dharmatIrthasthApaka mahApuruSa prANImAtra ke kalyANa ke lie satya kA sandeza dete haiM, jo jJAna evaM AcAra ke sAkSAtkRta svayaM anubhUta tathyoM para AvRta hotA hai, trikAlAbAdhita hotA hai / vaha jaina - jinadezita dharma hai / 1 maitrayIti hovAya yAjJavalkya udyAsyanvA are'hamasmAtsthAnAdasmiAhanta ! nayA kAtyAyanyAntaM karavANIti // 1 // sAho vAca maitreyI - yanna ma iyaM bhagoH sarvA pRthvI vittenapUrNA syAtkathaM nAmRtAsyAmiti ? neti hovAca yAjJavalkyo / yathaivopakaraNavatAM jIvitaM tathaiva te jIvitaM syAdamRtatvasya tuM nAzAsti vitteneti // 2 // sAho vAca maMtrI - yenAhaM nAmRtA syAM kimahaM tena kuryAM yadeva bhagavAn veda tadeva brUhIti ||3|| sa ho vAca yAjJavalkyaH priyA batAre naH satI priyaM bhASasa eha yAsva, vyAkhyAsyAmi te vyAcakSANasya tu me nididhyAsasveti ||4|| ""AtmA vA are draSTavyaH zrotavyo mantavyo nididhyAsitavyo maitrayyAtmano vA are darzanena zravaNena matyA vijJAnenedaM sarvaM viditam ||5|| --bRhadAraNyakopaniSad adhyAya 2 brAhmaNa 4
Page #36
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 26 | prastAvanA yaha asaMkIrNa dharma hai, jo vizvajanIna, zAzvata satyamUlaka AdarzoM para TikA hai, sampradAya, jAti, varga, varNa Adi bAhya bhedoM se atIta hai / yoM yaha satya - pradhAna, satkarma - pradhAna evaM sadguNapradhAna adhyAtma - abhiyAna hai / etanmUlaka jJAnamaya srota anAdi-ananta hai, jo kAla ke utkarSa evaM apakarSa ke kAraNa uttama, manda Adi sthitiyoM meM se gujaratA hai, lIna-vilIna hotA hai, samaya pAkara punaH udbhAsita hotA hai / jaina dharmaM nitAnta loka-janIna hai. jana jana kA hai, prANImAtra kA hai| samrATa prabala sattAdhIza jahAM isakI upAsanA ke adhikArI haiM, vahAM sAmAnya se sAmAnya puruSa ko bhI dharmArAdhanA kA utanA hI adhikAra prApta rahA hai / uccakulotpanna brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya Adi isake jitane adhikArI rahe haiM, kRSaka, zramika, paricAraka, zuddha tathA antyaja taka isake utane hI adhikArI rahe haiM / isameM uccatA kA AdhAra guNa hai, janma nahIM / isa sandarbha meM uttarAdhyayana sUtra kA vaha prasaMga bar3A udbodhaka hai, jahAM parama tapasvI harikeza muni kI carcA hai / ve janmanA antyaja the / sUtrakAra ne bar3e hRdayasparzI zabdoM meM likhA hai 'yahA~ ' ( inake vyaktitva meM ) tapa kA vaiziSya pratyakSataH dRzyamAna hai, jAtivaiziSTya kucha bhI dikhAI nahIM detA / sAdhu harikeza, jo janmanA zvapAkaputra - cANDAla kulotpanna hai, tapa kI kaisI mahanIya Rddhi se samAyukta haiM / ' " sUtrakAra kA harikeza muni ke vilakSaNa tapovaibhava ke prati kitanA samAdara hai, udhRta gAthA kI zabdAvalI se yaha bhalIbhA~ti prakaTita hai / jainadharmaM ke ye cirantana Adarza aneka pratikUla paristhitiyoM meM se gujarate rahane ke bAvajUda Aja bhI sarvathA vilupta nahIM hue haiM, kisI na kisI rUpa meM saMpratiSTha haiM / jaina darzana kA sAdhyaH sAdhanA kI yAtrA advaita vedAnta (kevalAdvata) kahatA hai, yaha jagat mithyA hai| avidyA ( ajJAna ) ke kAraNa satya kI jyoM pratIta hotA hai| jaina darzana kI bhASA meM isakA nirUpaNa jarA bhinna koTi kA sparza karatA hai / usake anusAra jagat kA astitva to hai, jagat hai hI nahIM - aisA nahIM hai, kintu vaha [ jagat ] AtmA kA sAdhya nahIM hai / vaha para hai, AtmA ko usase chUTanA hai, vibhAvAvasthA se svabhAva meM AnA hai / etadarthaM sAdhaka ko AtmA para chAye hue karma mala kA apagama karanA hotA hai / dUsare zabdoM meM Atmazodhana hetu ati tIvra adhyavasAya meM juTanA hotA hai / adhyAtma 1 sakkhaM khudIsaI tavo viseso, na dIsai jAivisesa koI / sovAgaputto hariesa sAhU, jasserisA iDDhI mahANubhAvA // - uttarAdhyayana 12 / 37
Page #37
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ prastAvanA | 27 kI bhASA meM vaha antarjagat ke tumula saMgrAma kI sthiti hai| Agama-vAGamaya meM bar3e ojapUrNa zabdoM meM kahA gayA hai "sAdhaka ! tuma apanI AtmA ke sAtha yuddha karo, apane Apa se jUjho, bAharI yuddha se kyA madhegA / jo AtmA dvArA AtmA ko jIta letA hai, vaha vAstava meM sukhI ho jAtA hai|"1 __ "AtmA kA, apane ApakA damana kro| Atmadamana-Atmavijaya vastutaH bahuta kaThina hai| jo apane ApakA damana karatA hai, apane Apa para vijaya prApta karatA hai, vaha isa loka meM tathA paraloka meM sukhI hotA hai|"2 __"eka yoddhA durjaya yuddha meM lAkhoM yoddhAoM ko jItane meM sakSama ho sakatA hai, para vaha jaya parama jaya nahIM hai| use yathArtha vijaya nahIM kahA jA sakatA / vaha kevala apanI AtmA ko jIta le, parama jaya vaha hai| kyoMki usameM bahuta bar3e antarbala kI AvazyakatA hotI hai / "3 "sAdhaka, tuma apane ApakA nigraha karo-apane Apa para niyantraNa kro| aisA kara tuma samasta duHkhoM se chuTa jaaoge|" ' yaha chuTane-chaTakArA pAne kI sthiti hI to mokSa hai, jisakA tAtparya AtmA kA apane sat-cit-Anandamaya zuddha svarUpa meM avasthita honA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM AtmabhAva se U~ce uThakara paramAtmabhAva ko svAyatta karanA hai / jaina darzana ke anusAra sAdhanA kI yaha yAtrA bandhana se mukti kI aura gatizIla hotI hai / heya , upAdeya, jJeya kA yathArtha jJAna vahA~ apekSita hai| satyAnurUpa caraNa yA caryA dvArA vaha jJAna sArthakatA pAtA hai| jJAna kI gaMgA . dharmatIrtha ke saMsthApaka, sarvajJa, sarvadarzI tIrthakara apanI dharma-dezanA dvArA jJAna kI nirmala gaMgA bahAte rahe haiM / vartamAna kAlakrama ke antima tIrthaMkara bhagavAn mahAvIra the, jinhoMne prANImAtra ke kalyANa ke lie apanI dezanA dvArA satya kA saMprasAra kiyaa| 1 appANameva jujjhAhi, ki te jujjheNa bajjhao / appANameva appANaM, jaittA suhamehae / -uttarAdha 2 appA ceva dameyavvo, appA hu khalu duddamo / appA daMto suhI hoi, assiM loe parattha ya / -uttarAdhyayanasUtra 1.15 3 jo sahassaM sahassANaM, saMgAme dujjae jinne| egaM jiNejja appANaM, esa se paramo jo| -uttarAdhyayanasUtra 6.34 4 purisA ? attANameva abhiNigijjha, evaM dukkhA pamokkhasi / -AcArAMga sUtra 1.3.3
Page #38
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 28 | prastAvanA jaina paramparA kI aneka vizeSatAoM meM eka vizeSatA yaha haiM-vaha AbhijAtyavAda yA viziSTa vargavAda para nahIM TikI hai| vaha sarvathA lokajanIna hai / jaise varga-vizeSa, varNa-vizeSa, jAti-vizeSa Adi ke lie vahA~ koI sthAna nahIM hai, usakI prakAra, bhASA, nirUpaNa-paddhati Adi meM bhI kabhI koI Agraha nahIM rahA / tIrthaMkara jana-jana dvArA bolI jAtI, samajhI jAtI bhASA meM upadeza karate haiN| bhagavAn mahAvIra jisa yuga meM hue, jahA~ hue, usa bhUbhAga kI bhASA addhaM mAgadhI prAkRta thii| usI meM unhoMne dharma-dezanA dii| samavAyAMga sUtra meM bhagavAn dvArA arddha magadhI bhASA meM dharmopadeza diye jAne kA ullekha hai| dazavaikAlika ko vRtti meM kahA gayA hai ki tatvadRSTAoM-sarvajJoM ne cAritra kI AkAMkSA karane vAle bAlaka, striyA~, bUr3he, azikSita-sabhI ko lAbhAnvita karane hetu prAkRta meM dharma siddhAntoM kI vivecanA kI / bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA sUtrarUpa meM-saMkSepa meM samupadiSTa dharmAkhyAna kA unake pramukha ziSyoM-gaNadharoM ne saMgrathana kiyA, jo dvAdazAMga ke rUpa meM vizruta huA / dvAdazA~ga meM bArahavAM aMga dRSTivAda vilupta ho gayA / avaziSTa aMga jaise jitane saMkalita ho sake, surakSita raha sake, Aja bhI hameM upalabdha haiN| Agama vAGamaya meM tattva-darzana, padArtha-vijJAna, zramaNAcAra, zrAvakAcAra, virati pratyAkhyAna, tapa Adi dharmopayogI vibhinna viSayoM kA to vistRta vivecana hai hI, prasaMgopAttarUpa meM loka-jIvana, sAmAjika sthiti, kRSi, vyApAra-vyavasAya, janapada,nagara / grAma, udyAna, patha, rAjA, prajA, zastra, senA, prazAsana, kalA, paribeza, deha-sajjA, alaMkaraNa, vastra, bartana, bhavana Adi vibhinna laukika viSayoM kA bhI bahuta hI sajIva citraNa hai / isa dRSTi se jaina Agama na kevala jaina tattva jJAna tathA jaina AcAra-bodha ke lie hI paThanIya haiM, apitu bhAratIya jIvana kA sahI svarUpa jAnane kI dRSTi se bhI unakA adhyayana pratyeka bhAratIya vidyAbhyAsI ke lie apekSita hai| zruta kA suvikAsa jaina vAGamaya kI yaha amara dhArA aneka zrutopAsaka AcAryoM, upAdhyAyoM, muniyoM tathA vidvAnoM dvArA uttarottara saMvadhita aura suvikasita hotI rahI / jaba bhArata meM naiyAyika paddhati se saMskRta meM dharma-tattvoM ke vizleSaNa kA krama gatimAna thA, jaina 1 "bhagavaM ca NaM addhamAgahIe bhAsAe dhammamAikkha i / -samavAyAMga sUtra-34.22 2 bAla strIvRddhamUrkhANAM nRNAM cAritrakAMkSiNAm / * anugrahArthaM tattvajJa : siddhAntaH prAkRtaHkRtaH // -dazavakAlika vRtti pRSTha 223
Page #39
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ prastAvanA | 26 manISiyoM ne jaina tattvajJAna ko saMskRta meM tArkika paddhati se nirUpita kiyA thA / phalataH sanmatitarkaprakaraNa, dvAdazAranayacakra, pramANa - nayatattvAloka, syAdvAda-maMjarI, syAdvAda - ratnAkara, ratnAkarAvatArikA, aSTazatI, aSTasahasrI, nyAyakumudacandra, prameyakamalamArtaNDa prabhRti aneka granthoM kI racanAe~ huI, jinakA pramANazAstrIya sAhitya meM apanA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai / jaina tattvajJAna kI vaijJAnikatA, antaHsparzitA tathA sUkSmagrAhitA kA hI yaha pariNAma thA ki samaya-samaya para bar3e-bar3e vidvAna isase prabhAvita hue tathA isameM AsthAvAn evaM samarpita hue / dArzanika sAhitya ke atirikta aura bhI aneka vidhAoM meM jaina tattvajJAna vikasita huA, aneka bhASAoM meM usa para racanAe~ huii| jaina tattvadarzana evaM vAG maya kI maulikatA, gambhIratA Adi se aneka prAcya vidyAnurAgI pAzcAtya vidvAna bhI prabhAvita hue / DaoN. harmana jaikobI, pro. vevara, prabhRti aneka vidvAnoM ne isa dizA meM apanI-apanI dRSTi se gahana adhyayanapUrNa sAhityika kArya bhI kiyA / kArya kI AlocyatA anAlocyatA para na jAkara mere kahane kA Azaya mAtra itanA hI hai ki jaina saMskRti, cintanadhArA tathA vAGamaya dvArA ve bahuta AkRSTa hue / prastuta grantha evaM granthakAra jaina tatvajJAna, AcAra paddhati evaM sAdhanA para, jo adhyAtma jagat kI apratima gauravamaya virAsata hai, sarvAMgINa rUpa meM prakAza DAlane ke lakSya se prAtaH smaraNIya, jainAgama ratnAkara, zrI vardhamAna sthAnakavAsI jaina zramaNa saMgha ke prathama AcAryasamrATa paramapUjya sva. zrI AtmArAmajI mahArAja ne lagabhaga cAra dazAbda pUrva jaina tatvakalikA saMjJaka prastuta grantha kI racanA kI / jaina darzana para samyak rUpa meM prakAza DAlane kI se yaha grantha kitanA mahatvapUrNa tathA upayogI samajhA gayA, yaha isake prathama saMskaraNa ke purovacana-lekhaka deza ke tatkAlIna prakANDa vidvAn, orienTala kaoNleja, lAhaura ke prAphesara kavitArkika paM. nRsiMhadeva zAstrI darzanAcArya ke zabdoM se suprakaTita hai / (dekhie purovacana ) isa grantha kI racanA ke pIche sva. AcAryadeva kA abhipreta thA, jaina tatvajJAna apane mUla svarUpa meM upasthApita kiyA jA sake / unhoMne prastAvanA meM isa ora saMketa karate hue likhA hai 'mere antaHkaraNa meM cirakAla se yaha vicAra vidyamAna thA ki eka grantha isa prakAra se likhA jAya, jo paraspara sAmpradAyika virodha se sarvathA vimukta ho aura usameM kevala jaina tatvoM kA hI janatA ko digdarzana karAyA jAya, jisase jainetara logoM ko bhI jaina tattvoM kA bhalI bhA~ti bodha ho jAya / isa uddezya ko hI mukhya rakhakara isa grantha kI racanA kI gaI hai / jahA~ taka ho sakA hai, isa viSaya kI pUrti karane meM vizeSa ceSTA kI gaI hai / " sadjJAna ke vyApaka prasAra kA kitanA udAtta tathA pavitrabhAva AcAryavara ke
Page #40
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 30 | prastAvanA mana meM thA, uparyukta zabdoM se yaha spapTa hai| AcAryapravara ne prastuta grantha ke rUpa meM jaina jagat ko, bhAratIya vidyA ke adhyetRvRndakoM, tatva-jijJAsuoM ko eka amUlya sArasvata upahAra bheMTa kiyA hai| paramapUjya AcArya zrI AtmArAmajI mahArAja jaina jagat ke parama jyotirmaya bhAsvAn the, jaina Agama evaM darzana ke vastutaH mahAn ratnAkara the, parama utkRSTa sAdhaka the / unakA vyaktitva pavitratA, saumyatA evaM saralatA kA anupama nidarzana thaa| ve sAdhanA kI dIpti se dedIpyamAna the / maiM cAra-pA~ca dazAbda pUrva kI smRtiyoM meM jAtA hai to mujhe vi. saM. 1960 meM ajamera (rAjasthAna) meM samAyojita akhila bhAratavarSIya jaina zvetAmbara sthAnakavAsI sAdhu sammelana kI yAda AtI hai / prAyaH dezabhara ke sthAnakavAsI santa, jo pada yAtrA karane meM sakSama the, sammelana meM padhAre the| maiM bhI apane jyeSTha gurubhrAtA sva. zrI hajArImalajI ma. sA. ke sAtha vahA~ upasthita huA thaa| taba mujha AdarAspada AcAryavara zrI AtmArAmajI mahArAja ke darzana tathA sAnnidhya prApta karane kA saubhAgya milA / unake vyaktitva kI virATtA, jJAna kI garimA aura unake nirmala, zAnta evaM saumya jIvana se maiM atyadhika prabhAvita huA aura yaha socakara apane ko gauravAnvita bhI mAnA ki hamArI sthAnakavAsI zramaNa-paramparA meM aise mahAn zrutopAsaka, jJAnayogI vidyamAna haiM / sacamuca ve mujhe jJAna ke eka divya jyoti-puja pratIta hue| vikrama saM0 2006 meM sAdar3I (rAjasthAna) meM hue akhila bhAratavarSIya jaina zvetAmbara sthAnakavAsI sAdhu sammelana meM sarvasammata rUpa meM samagra sthAnakavAsI zramaNa . sampradAyoM kA zrI vardhamAna sthAnakavAsI jaina zramaNa saMgha ke rUpa meM ekIkaraNa huaa| ekIkRta zramaNasaMgha ke prathama AcArya meM rUpa ke paramapUjya zrI AtmArAmajI mahArAja kA manonayana kara samasta sAdhu-samAja ne apane ko saubhagyazAlI mAnA / daihika asvasthatA ke kAraNa yadyapi ve pada-yAtrAe~ karane meM sakSama nahIM the, para ludhiyAnA (paMjAba) sthiravAsa meM virAjita rahate hue bhI apane vicakSaNa zAsana-kauzala aura sUjha-bUjha se zramaNa-saMgha kA sundara evaM samIcIna rUpa meM saMcAlana karate rahe / vardhamAna sthAnakavAsI jaina zramaNasaMgha ke prathama AcArya ke rUpa meM unakI sevAe~ yuga-yuga taka Adara tathA zraddhA ke sAtha smaraNIya rheNgii| AcAryavara ke hRdaya meM samagra sAdhu-sAdhvI samAja ke prati AdhyAtmika sneha aura vAtsalya kA azAha sAgara laharAtA thaa| eka prasaMga kA maiM yahA~ ullekha karanA cAhU~gA-kucha varSa hue, hamArI antevAsinI paramaviduSI sAdhvI zrI umarAvakuvarajI "arcanA" ne kAzmIra kI padayAtrA kI thii| yAtrAkrama ke bIca mArga meM unhoMne AcAryavara ke sAnidhya-lAbha tathA unase vidyAlAbha kI bhAvanA se ludhiyAnA meM AcAryadeva kI chatrachAyA meM apanA cAturmAsika pravAsa kiyaa| AcAryavara ne unheM vidyA-lAbha dete hue unake prati, unakI sahavartinI sAdhviyoM ke prati jo asIma anugraha, AdhyAtmika vAtsalya tathA audArya-bhAva dikhAyA, sAdhvIjI, aba bhI, jaba kabhI vaha carcA
Page #41
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ prastAvanA | 31 calatI hai, AcAryavara ke prati zraddhA tathA kRtajJatA se bhAvavihvala evaM harSavibhora ho jAtI hai| aise mahApuruSa isa vasundharA ke ratna aura mAnavatA ke bhUSaNa hote haiM / ekIkRta zramaNa saMgha ke pUrva ve (paM0 pUjya AtmArAmajI mahArAja) paMcanada pradeza ke AcArya paramapUjya zrI kAzIrAmajI mahArAja ke sampradAya meM upAdhyAya pada para rahe / anavarata zrutopAsanA, zruta-sevA, zruta-prasAra zruta- zikSaNa ityAdi upAdhyAya pada kI vizeSatAe~ unameM mAno mUrtimatI thIM / paramapUjya AcAryavara zrI kAzIrAmajI mahArAja ke divaMgamana ke pazcAt ve paMcanadIya saMgha ke AcArya pada para adhiSThita hue / unakA kAryakAla parama yazasvI rahA / tadanantara jaisA pahale ullekha kiyA gayA hai, samagra saMgha ne unheM AcArya samrATa ke rUpa meM prApta kara apane ko dhanya mAnA / granthakAra dvArA amara sAhitya-sAdhanA prArambha se hI paramapUjya zrI AtmArAmajI mahArAja zAstrAnuzIlana, ciMtana, manana evaM nididhyAsana meM anavarata abhirucizIla, udyamazIla evaM gatizIla rahe / jaina Agama evaM darzana ke sAtha-sAtha tulanAtmaka dRSTi se unheM vaidika darzana, bauddha darzana Adi anyAnya darzanoM kA bhI talasparzI, gahana adhyayana thA / saMskRta, prAkRta Adi prAcya bhASAoM ke ve pAragAmI vidvAn the / vastutaH unakI jJAnasampadA vizAla thI, mahanIya thI / unhoMne apanI arjita vidyA dvArA jijJAsuvRnda ko upakRta karane hetu tathA svAntaH sukhAya vipula sAhitya kA sarjana kiyaa| unhoMne jo bhI sAhitya racA, vaha atyanta pANDityapUrNa tathA uccastarIya hai / unakI zAzvata samartha lekhanI avizrAntagatyA calatI hI rahatI thI / jaina Agama vAG maya para AcArya vara kI nimna kRtiyA~ haiM ( ye sabhI saMskRtachAyA, hindI anuvAda tathA vivecana sahita haiM) 1. AcArAMga sUtra 2. sthAnAMga sUtra 3. samavAyAMga sUtra 4. upAsakadazAMga sUtra 5.. antakRddazAMga sUtra 6. anuttaropapAtika dazA sUtra 7. nirayAvalikA sUtra sUtra 8. kalpAtaMsikA 6. puSpikA sUtra 1 10. puSpacUlikA sUtra 11. vRSNidazA sUtra 12. dazavaikAlika sUtra 13. uttarAdhyayana sUtra 14. nandI sUtra 15. anuyogadvAra sUtra 16. vRhatkalpa sUtra 17. dazAzrutaskandha sUtra 18. Avazyaka sUtra Agama vAG maya para AcAryavara kA yaha sarjana vAstava meM eka aisA Thosa kArya hai, jo jaina saMskRti, jainadharma aura jaina darzana kI sadA prabhAvanA karatA rahegA / AcArya vara dvArA kiye gaye vivecana evaM vizleSaNa meM sarvatra unake gahana adhyayana, prakhara pANDitya tathA samIkSAtmaka va gaveSaNAtmaka prajJA ke darzana hote haiM / maiM yahA~ yaha prakaTa 1
Page #42
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 32 | prastAvanA karatA huA una divaMgata mahAn AtmA kA hRdaya se AbhAra mAnatA hU~ ki AgamoM ke sampAdana, anuvAda vivecana Adi kA jo vRhata kArya maiMne uThAyA hai, usameM mujhe tathA sampAdana - rata sudhIjanoM ko AcAryavara kI ukta kRtiyoM se mArgadarzana tathA sahayoga prApta huA hai| uparyukta Agama vAGamaya ke atirikta AcAryavara ne jaina tattva jJAna, jaina dharma zikSA, prAkRta vyAkaraNa, koSa ityAdi viSayoM para nimnAMkita pustakoM kI racanA kI 1. tatvArtha sUtra : jainAgama - samanvaya 2. jainAgamoM meM aSTAMga yoga 3. jainAgamoM meM syAdvAda 4. jainAgamoM meM paramAtmavAda 5. jainAgamoM meM nyAyasaMgraha 6. jIva-karma-saMvAda 7. jIva-zabda-saMvAda 8. vibhakti-saMvAda 9. Astika-nAstika - saMvAda 10. karma - puruSArthaM nirNaya 11. bhagavAn mahAvIra aura mA~sa niSedha 12. vIratthuI 13-20. jaina dharma zikSAvalI; ATha bhAga 21. prAkRta bAla boMdha 22. prAkRta bAla manoramA 23. sacitra arddhamAgadhI koSa jaisA ki ina pustakoM ke nAma se spaSTa hai, jaina dharma, darzana evaM sAhitya ke adhyayana-anuzIlana meM vAstava meM ye bar3I sahAyaka tathA upayogI kRtiyA~ haiM / AcArya - vara kI sArasvata ArAdhanA tathA sAhityika sarjanA Adi meM kSaNa-kSaNavartI sakriyatA evaM jAgarUkatA kA hI yaha supariNAma hai ki unake vyApaka adhyayana evaM cirantana anubhava se samudbhUta itanA bahumUlya sAhitya Aja hameM upalabdha hai / jJAnAnuzIlana, sAhityika zodha tathA abhinava praNayana meM abhyudyata vidyAvyAsaMgI janoM ke lie unakA jIvana eka anukaraNIya udAharaNa hai / jaina tattva kalikA : viSayavastuH vistAra paramapUjya AcAryavara zrI AtmArAmajI mahArAja dvArA viracita jaina tattva kalikA kA prathama saMskaraNa lagabhaga cAra dazAbda pUrva lAhaura se prakAzita huA thA / vidvajjagat meM grantha bahuta samAhRta huA /
Page #43
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ prastAvanA | 33 jijJAsujana usase atyadhika lAbhAnvita hue / usI grantha kA yaha saMzodhita, pariSkRta, susaMpAdita dvitIya saMskaraNa pAThakoM ke samakSa hai / prastuta grantha nau kalikAoM meM vibhakta hai, jinakA vivaraNa isa prakAra haiprathama kalikA meM ArhataparamparAbhimata ArAdhyadevoM kA vivecana hai / isake antargata arhat arihaMta bhagavAn tathA siddha bhagavAn kA vistAra se varNana kiyA gayA hai / arihaMta rAga-dveSa-vijetA hote haiM, sarvajJa hote haiM, una sabhI Antarika durbalatAoM se ve atIta hote haiM, jo AtmA kI ananta zaktimayatA tathA AnandamayatA Adi ko vyAhata karatI haiN| unheM vartamAna, bhUta, bhaviSya sAkSAta pratIyamAna hote haiM / isIlie jo bhI ve AkhyAta karate haiM, vaha sAkSAt dRSTa, sAkSAt anubhUta, sarvathA nibaMdha hotA / unhIM dvArA pradatta dharmadezanA se sattatva kA ujAgaraNa tathA saMpramAraNa hotA haiM / unase Age siddhatva prApti kI bhUmikA hai, jahA~ jIvana kA sAdhya sampUrNataH sadha jAtA hai, kArmika AvaraNa niHzeSa ho jAte haiM, jo karaNIya thA, vaha kRta bana jAtA hai| jaina dharma ke anusAra arhat tathA siddha hI pUjya evaM upAsya haiN| jIvana kI divyatA, paramapavitratA, paramazuddhatA unameM hotI hai / ve preraNApuJja hote haiM / unakI paryupAsanA se prArthanA se jIvana meM antaHsphuraNA tathA dharmotsAha kA pavitra bhAva jAgarita hotA hai| unakA mUrtImUrta vyattitva itanA prabhAvaka, sAtvika evaM adhyAtmajyotsnAmaya hotA hai ki bhAvanApUrvaka unakA smaraNa karane se manaHsthiti meM pavitratA, zuddhatA kA saMcAra hotA hai / prathama kalikA meM AcAryavara ne ahaM kA svarUpa, unakA vaiziSTya, una dvArA AkhyAta dharmadezanA se anuprANita saMskRti, ahaMt pada prApti kA samudyama, sAdhanA siddha kA svarUpa, unake bheda vaiziSTya Adi para vistAra prakAza DAlA hai / vastutaH arhat aura siddha svayaM kisI ko koI varadAna yA siddhi nahIM dete| unakI bAhya tathA Antarika sannidhi, saMsmRti, bhakti se citta kA pariSkAra, azubha bhAvoM kA zamana, zubha bhAvoM kA udgama Adi sAdhaka ke sahaja hI sadha jAte haiM- ityAdi viSayoM para bar3A mArmika vizleSaNa isa kalikA meM rUpa meM Izvarakatatva, avatAravAda Adi viSaya bhI samIkSAtmaka hue haiM / huA hai / prAsaMgika dRSTi se vahA~ carcita dvitIya kalikA meM granthakAra ne guru ke svarUpa kA vivecana kiyA hai / jaina paramparA meM sAdhanA ke sandarbha meM gurU kA Azaya dharmaguru se hai / isameM AcArya, upAdhyAya tathA nirgrantha-sAdhuoM kA samAveza hotA hai / dhArmika jIvana meM unakA sthAna bahuta U~cA hotA hai / ve ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya, aparigraha rUpa pA~ca mahAvratoM . kA mana, vacana, kAya dvArA kRta-kArita anumodita rUpa meM samyak paripAlana karate haiM | Atma-sammArjana, Atma-pariSkAra evaM Atma-zodhana kA punIta lakSya liye ve saMyama
Page #44
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 34 | prastAvanA evaM tapazcaraNamUlaka sAdhanA meM nirata rahate haiM, jana jana ko usa ora utprerita karate haiM, vratamaya pavitra jIvana kI unheM preraNA dete haiN| ve mahAna upakArI haiM, tatsambaddha sabhI viSayoM para isa kalikA meM prakAza DAlA gayA hai| . AcArya, upAdhyAya tathA sAdhu ke vizeSa guNa, garimA, sAdhanA vyaktitva Adi kA isameM vizada vivecana huA hai| tRtIya kalikA meM granthakAra ne dharma kA vivecana kiyA hai| dazavidha dharma, dharma kI vyutpatti, dharma ke zuddhatva kI kasauTI, dharma kA svarUpa, dharma kA phala, dharma kI AvazyakatA, dharma kI upAdeyatA, dharma kI prApti, dharma kI zakti, dharma kA paripAlana, tadartha Adi para vistAra se prakAza DAlA gayA hai / ___ caturtha kalikA meM zruta-dharma ke sandarbha meM samyakjJAna kA vivecana hai / zruta dharma kA svarUpa, samyakzruta, mithyAzruta, matijJAna, zru tajJAna, avadhijJAna, mana:paryAya jJAna, unake bheda, kevalajJAna, tathA samyakajJAna sambaddha anyAya viSayoM kA isameM mAmika vizleSaNa haiN| paMcama kalikA meM zruta-dharma ke sandarbha meM samyakadarzana kA bahumukhI vivecana hai / granthakAra ne tadantargata jIva, ajIva puNya, pApa, Asrava, sambara, nirjarA bandha, mokSarUpa nau tatvoM kI vistRta vyAkhyA kI hai| chaThI kalikA meM granthakAra ne samyakdarzana ke sandarbha meM AtmavAda, lokavAda, karmavAda, kriyAvAda kA varNana kiyA haiM / isa prasaMga meM AtmA ke svarUpa para samIkSAtmaka dRSTi se jo vizada vivecana kiyA gayA hai, vaha bar3A hRdayagrAhI hai / karmavAda kA bhI atyanta gahana tathA sUkSma vivecana yahA~ huA hai / isI prakAra lokavAda Adi kA bhI sAgopAMga vizleSaNa kiyA hai| saptama kalikA meM astikAya-dharma kA varNana hai| isake antargata SaDadravyAtmaka vizva, dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya, AkAzAstikAya pudgalAstikAya tathA jIvAstikAya kA svarUpa, kArya, kAla kA svarUpa, tatsambandhI mAnyatAe~ ityAdi viSaya bar3e sundara rUpa meM vyAkhyAta hue haiN| ___ aSTama kalikA meM cAritra dharma ke sandarbha meM gRhastha-dharma kA svarUpa varNita huA hai / usake antargata AgAra-cAritradharma, gRhastha dharma ke sAmAnya sUtra-AdarzacaryA samyaktva, pA~ca aNuvrata, tIna guNa vrata, cAra zikSAvrata ityAdi gRhasthopayogI viSayoM kA vizada vivecana kiyA gayA hai / navama kalikA meM samyak jJAna ke sandarbha meM pramANa-naya svarUpa kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / isake antargata pramANa ke bheda-prabheda, nayavAda, naya ke prakAra, prabhRti viSayoM kA vizada vivecana hai| prastuta grantha kA sampAdana hamArI vardhamAna sthAnakavAsI jaina zramaNasaMghIya paramparA ke ubuddhacetA, paramasevAbhAvI santa bhaNDArI zrI padamacandajI mahArAja ke
Page #45
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ prastAvanA | 35 suziSya pravacana-bhUSaNa, hariyAnAkesarI zrI amaramuni jI ne bar3I kuzalatA ke sAtha kiyA hai / pramukha sAhityasevI, sampAdana kalAniSNAta zrI zrIcanda jI surANA 'sarasa' grantha ke saha-sampAdaka haiM / yaha maNi-kAMcana jaisA sundara yoga hai| ina manISiyoM ke kauzalapUrNa zrama se grantha adhunAtana zailI va sAja-sajjA ke sAtha bahuta sundara rUpa meM taiyAra huA, yaha atyanta harSa kA viSaya hai| eka mahAn AcArya kI mahanIya kRti ko jisa mahanIyatA ke sAtha prastuta kiyA jAnA cAhie, inhoMne saphalatApUrvaka vaisA kiyA hai| maiM inheM tathA samAdaraNIya bhaNDArI zrI padamacandajI mahArAja ko, jinakI isa kArya ke mUla meM sajaga preraNA rahI, hRdaya se sAdhuvAda jJApita karatA huuN| jaisA yathAprasaMga iMgita kiyA gayA hai, grantha ke parizIlana tathA paryavalokana se yaha spaSTa hai, jaina dharma tathA darzana se sambaddha prAyaH sabhI pramukha viSaya isameM atyanta prAmANika, zAstrIya tathA yuti yukta rUpa meM vyAkhyAta hue haiN| anyAnya darzanoM meM una una viSayoM para hue nirUpaNa ke sAtha jo tulanAtmaka evaM samIkSAtmaka vivecana kiyA gayA hai, vaha gaharI talaspazitA aura sUkSmatA liye hue haiM / yaha bahuta hI prazasta lagA, tulanA tathA samIkSA meM tattad granthoM ke uddharaNa isameM yathAvat rUpa meM upasthApita kiye gaye haiM / granthagata vizada sAmagrI ko dekhate hue mer| aisA vizvAsa hai, jijJAsu vRnda ko . isa eka hI grantha ke parizIlana se jainadharma, darzana, sAdhanA-paddhati Adi sabhI viSayoM kA yatheSTa jJAna prApta ho skegaa| tAttvika viSayoM ke mUlagrAhI evaM anusandhAna paraka vizleSaNa ke kAraNa maiM samajhatA hU~, prastuta grantha jaina darzana ke gahana adhyetAoM tathA anusandhitsuoM ke adhyayana va anusandhAna meM bhI vizeSa sahAyaka siddha hogaa| AzA hai, Atmonnayana ke abhilASI, satyagaveSI pAThaka prastuta kRti se lAbhAnvita hoNge| jaina sthAnaka, -yuvAcArya madhukaramuni madanagaMja-kizanagar3ha (rAjasthAna) 2 akTUbara gA~dhI jayantI san 1982
Page #46
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ vANI ke jAdUgara zrI amaramuni jI (saMkSipta paricaya) saMskRta kA eka prAcIna zloka hai zateSa jAyate zUraH sahasraSa ca paNDitaH / vaktA daza sahasreSu dAtA bhavati vA na vA // . saikar3oM manuSyoM meM koI eka vIra' nikalatA hai, hajAroM meM koI eka paMDita (viddhAna) milatA hai aura dazahajAra meM koI eka vaktA milatA hai, dAtA to mile yA na bhI mile| ___ vaktA vAgdevatA kA pratinidhi hai, vaktA ko vANI murdo meM prANa phUka detI hai, aura pApiyoM ko puNyAtmA banA detI hai / vaktA phira agara santa ho, vaha bhI bhakta ho, kavi ho to phira sone meM sugandha yA 'lAkhoM meM koI eka' kI ukti caritArtha karatA hai| __pravacana bhUSaNa zrI amara munijI mahArAja isI koTi ke santa vaktA haiN| inakI vANI meM eka preraNA hai, bhAvanAoM meM tUphAna macA dene vAlA jAdU hai| dAnava ko mAnava aura mAnava ko devatA banA dene vAlI vilakSaNa zakti hai| ve samatAyogI saMta hai, Atma-sAdhanA karane vAle mahAna sAdhaka haiM, prabhubhakti meM lIna rahane vAle bhakta haiM, aura antara jIvana kA saMgIta gunagunAne vAle sahaja kavi haiN| ApakA janma vi. saM. 1993 bhAdavAsudi 5 tadanusAra I. san 1936 meM kveTA (bilocistAna) ke sampanna malhotrA parivAra meM huaa| Apake pitA zrI dIvAna candajI mAtA zrI basantIdevI bar3e hI udAra aura prabhubhakta the / bhArata vibhAjana ke bAda Apa apane mAtA-pitA ke sAtha ludhiyAnA A gye| vahA~ Apako do hI varSa hue hoMge ki Apane eka jaina sAdhu zrI manohara munijI ko dIkSA lete hue dekhA aura tabhI se ApakI AtmA bhI jAgRta ho gyii| Ayu cAhe ApakI bAlyAvasthA hI thI parantu antaHkaraNa meM vairAgya kA dIpa prajjvalita ho cukA thaa| ataH Apa 11 varSa kI avasthA meM AcAryazrI AtmArAmajI mahArAja ke caraNoM meM upasthita hue aura apane vicAra rkhe| AcArya zrI ne Apako apanI divya dRSTi se dekhA, kucha pUchatAcha huI aura ApakA hAthaApake gurudeva navayuga sudhAraka jaina vibhUSaNa zrI bhaNDArI padamacanda jI mahArAja ko pakar3A diyaa|
Page #47
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ Si Ji De Chuang Ye ,Ji De Ben prastuta grantha ke vidvAna sampAdaka pravacanabhUSaNa zrI amaramuni jI mahArAja janma : vi0 saM0 1663 bhAdrapada sudi 5 kveTA (bilocistAna) Xiao Ji Xiao Ji Xiao Shi Wu dIkSA : vi0 saM0 2008 bhAdrapadasadi 5 sonIpata (paMjAba)
Page #48
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Page #49
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ vANI ke jAdUgara zrI amaramuni jI | 37 Apa tabhI se jJAna arjana meM laga gaye aura hindI saMskRta va prAkRta Adi kA tathA jaina darzana kA Apane acchA adhyayana kiyA aura 15 varSa kI Ayu meM sonIpata maNDI, vi. sambata 2008 bhAdra pada, zudi 5 ko sAdhu dIkSA aMgIkAra kI / taba se Apa nirantara jAgrati patha para Age hI Age bar3ha rahe haiN| Apa eka suyogya vidvAna haiN| Apake aneka bhakti saMgraha prakAzita hue haiN| kucha sUtroM (jaina AgamoM) kA bhI sampAdana kiyA hai / ApakI vANI meM itanI madhuratA hai ki jo bhI bhakta eka bAra ApakI vANI suna letA hai vaha ApakA hI hokara raha jAtA hai| ApakI pravacana zailI bhI atyanta rocaka, jJAnamayI, evaM aisI samanvayAtmaka hai ki sabhI sampradAya ke loga Apake pravacanoM meM Ate haiM / yahI kAraNa thA ki pharIdakoTa cAturmAsa meM Apako vahA~ ke samAja ne 'pravacana bhUSaNa' kI upAdhi se alaMkRta kiyA thaa| jaba Apane ludhiyAnA meM cAturmAsaM kiyA taba ApakI jJAna garimA ko tatrastha upAdhyAya zrI phUlacanda jI mahArAja ne dekhA to Apako 'zrutavAridhi' kI upAdhi pradAna kii| samAja ke kaI bigar3e kArya sudhare, varSoM se par3I ambAlA jaina garlsa hAIskUla kI bilDiMga kI yojanA ko mUrtarUpa diyA gayA / saba ApakI pravacana zailI va anupama vyaktitva kA hI prabhAva thA vahA~ kI samAja ne aura parama pujya tapasvI zrI sudarzana munijI mahArAja ne Apako 'hariyANA kesarI' kI upAdhi se sammAnita kiyA / Apa prArambha se hI apane gurudeva zrI bhaMDArI jI mahArAja ke sAtha rahe / Apa svabhAva se bar3e sarala, nirmala antaHkaraNa ke haiM, ApakA hRdaya bar3A hI dayAlu aura snehamaya hai / guNIjanoM kA Adara karanA aura dIna-duHkhI pIr3itoM para karuNA kara unakA uddhAra karanA ApakI mAnavIya udAra vRtti hai / gurudeva zrI bhaMDArI jI mahArAja sadA paropakAra, sevA aura jIvadayA dharma ko preraNA dete rahate haiM | Apa bhI gurudeva zrI kI pratyeka yojanA ko saphala banAne meM unako kAryarUpa meM pariNata karane meM datta citta rahate haiM / Apa zrI kI preraNA aura mArgadarzana se paMjAba evaM hariyANA meM sthAna-sthAna para dharma sthAnaka, vAcanAlaya, jaina haoNla, vidyAlaya bhavana, cikitsAlaya Adi kI sthApanAe~ huI hai aura bar3e-bar3e loka-sevA ke kArya hue haiN| jinameM bhaTiNDA, padamapura, maMDI ( rAjasthAna) hanumAna gar3ha ( rAjasthAna ) mAnasA maMDI, nihAlasiMhavAlA Adi aneka nAma ginAye jA sakate haiM / AcArya pUjyazrI kAzIrAma jaina garlsa hAIskUla ambAlA zahara, jaina hAIskUla DerAvAsI, jaina sthAnaka azoka nagara, yamunAnagara Adi agaNita preraNA stambha hai / isa varSa jainAcArya zrI AtmArAma jI mahArAja kI janma zatAbdI varSa manAyA jA rahA hai, jisake preraNA srota bhI Apa hI hai / abhI gata varSa kurukSetra meM ApakA varSAvAsa thA, vahA~ jainoM kI saMkhyA to
Page #50
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 38 | vANI ke jAdUgara zrI amaramuni jI bahuta hI kama hai kintu ApakI vANI ke prabhAva se prabhAvita jaina- ajaina sabhI logoM ke sahayoga se bahuta hI thor3e samaya meM vahA~ vizAla jaina haoNla kA nirmANa ho gayA / ApazrI ne pUjya AcArya zrI AtmArAma jI mahArAja kI janma zatAbdI varSa kI pAvana smRti ke upalakSya meM vizAla jaina Agama bhagavatI sUtra ( karIba chaha khaMDoM meM ) kA saMpAdana - vivecana bhI kiyA hai aura vaha zIghra hI prakAzita ho rahA hai| prastuta kRti - jaina tatvakalikA kA nayI zailI meM saMpAdana bhI Apa hI ke mArgadarzana evaM sAnnidhya meM huA hai / isa prakAra Apa jaina dharma, saMskRti, sAhitya aura samAja ke abhyudaya evaM kalyANa meM tIsa varSoM se nirantara gatizIla hai / Apake gurudeva parama zAntamanA navayugasudhAraka zrI bhaMDArI jI mahArAja svayaM jaina saMskRti aura sAhitya ke abhyudaya meM prayatnazIla haiN| Apake hI satprayatna se paTiyAlA yunirvAsaTI meM jaina ceyara kI sthApanA huI / hama prabhu se yahI prArthanA karate haiM ki yaha guru ziSya kI sundara jor3I cirakAla taka jina zAsana kI prabhAvanA karate hue mAnavatA kI sevA karatI rahe / hAkamacanda jaina. mantrI AtmajJAna pITha, mAnasA
Page #51
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ viSaya-sUcI prathama kalikA 1-122 1. maMgalAcaraNa dharmasaMgha ke lie tona sudRr3ha Alambana 2,samyaktva ke tIna mUlAdhAra 2, tInoM tattvoM kA svarUpa jAnanA Avazyaka 2, devasvarUpa digdarzana 3, deva kA artha 3, deva pada meM samAviSTa arihanta aura siddha 3 / 2. arihantadeva-svarUpa arhan zabda kA vizeSArtha 6, cAra atizaya 7, pUjAtizaya 7, aSTa mahAprAtihArya 7, jJAnAtizaya 8, vacanAtizaya 6, vacanAtizaya ke * 35 prakAra 10, apAyApagamAtizaya 13, cauMtIsa prakAra ke apAyApaga mAtizaya 13, arihanta kA svarUpa 16, arihanta aura tIrthaM kara kI bhUmikA meM antara 17. 'jina' zabda kA rahasya 18, tIrthakara kA svarUpa 21, tIrtha zabda kI mahimA 22 , tIrthaMkaradeva ke aneka vizeSaNa 22, zakrastava ke anusAra tIrthaMkaroM ke vizeSaNa 23, abhidhAna cintAmaNi meM ullikhita tIrthaMkaroM ke vizeSaNa 25, paktAmarastotra meM ullikhita tIrthaMkara ke guNavAcI aneka zabda 26. arihantoM (tIrthakaroM) ke mukhya bAraha guNa 26, tIrthaMkaroM kA lakSaNa : aSTAdaza doSa rahitatA 7, aThAraha doSa rahitatA evaM una doSoM kA vivaraNa 26, tIrthaMkara-pada-prApti ke bIsa sthAnaka (kAraNa) 34, bIsa sthAnakoM kA vistRta varNana 35, tIrthaMkara aura avatAra meM antara 48, tIrthaMkara devoM kI kucha vizeSatAe~ 46, mAtA ko unama svapna darzana 46, janma mahotsava 46, tIrthaMkaroM ko janma se prApta hone vAlI cAra vizeSatAe~ 51, bAlya evaM yuvAvasthA 51, varSIdAna 51, caturtha jJAna (manaHparyavajJAna) kI prApti 52, utkaSTa tapaHsAdhanA 52,, arhatpada-prApti kA krama 53, tIrthaMkara ke jIvana ke mahattvapUrNa paMcakalyANaka 54, vartamAna kAla ke caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM ke paMcakalyANakoM kI tAlikA 55, tIrthaMkara kaba-kaba aura kahAM-kahA~ hote haiM 52, bharatakSetra kI vartamAna kAlIna caubIsI (caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM) kA saMkSipta paricaya 58. [1] zrI RSabhadevajI
Page #52
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 40 | viSaya -sUcI 58 [2] zrI ajitanAthajI 56, [3] zrI saMbhavanAthajI 66, [4] zrI abhinandanajI 56, [5] zrI sumatinAthajI 60, [6] zrI padmaprabhujI 60. [7] zrI supArzvanAthajI 60, [8] zrI candraprabhajI 61, [6] zrI suvidhinAthajI 61, [10] zrI zItalanAthajI 61, [11] zrI zreyAMsanAtha jI 62, [12] zrI vAsupUjyajI 62, [13] zrI vimalanAtha jI 63, [14] zrI anantanAtha jI 63, [15] zrI dharmanAthajI 63, [16] zrI zAMtinAthajI 64 [ 17 ] zrI kunthunAthajI 64, .. [18] zrI aranAthajI 64, [ 16 ] zrI mallinAtha jI 65, [20] zrI munisuvrata svAmI jI 75, [21] zrI naminAtha jI 66, [22] zrI ariSTanemijI (neminAtha jI ) 66, [23] zrI pArzvanAtha jI 66, [24] zrI mahAvIra svAmI jI 67, jambUdvIpIya bharatakSetra kI bhUtakAlIna caubIsI 67 jambUdvIpIya bharata kSetra ke bhAvI caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kA paricaya 68, vartamAna kAla meM paMca mahAvideha kSetra meM viharamAna bosa tIrthaMkara 70, tIrthaMkara paramparA zAzvata 70, cAra aitihAsika tIrthaMkaroM ke jIvana kI jhA~kI 71 [1] prathama tIrthaMkara bhagavAna RSabhadeva 71, yaugalika paramparA 71, kulakara paramparA 72, kulakara vyavasthA kI tIna daNDa nItiyA~ 73. prathama rAjA 73, vivAha paddhati 74, vidyA-kalA74, dAna-dharma kA prArambha 74, dharma - tIrtha pravartana 75 [2] bAIsaveM tIrthaMkara bhagavAna ariSTanemi 75, jIvana paricaya 76, [3] teIsaveM tIrthaMkara puruSAdAnIya bhagavAna zrI pArzvanAtha 78, jIvana paricaya 78, cAturyAma dharma 76, [4] caubIsaveM tIrthaMkara dIrgha tapasvI zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra 81, tatkAlIna sAmAjika aura rAjanItika dazA 81, janma, jAti aura vaMza 82, gRha jIvana 82, sAdhaka jIvana 83,3, upadezaka jIvana 84, bhagavAna mahAvIra ke upadezoM se hue mahattvapUrNa kArya 84, pratikramaNa paMca mahAvrata dharma 86, nirvANa 86 / 3. siddhadeva svarUpa arihanta aura siddha meM antara 88 siddha paramAtmA kA svarUpa 86, sarvathA zuddha AtmA siddha paramAtmA 60, siddha kaise, kahAM aura kisa rUpa meM hote haiM ? 61, siddha gati kI pahacAna 62, siddhazilA ke nAma 63, siddhazilA kI sthiti aura lambAI-caur3AI 63, jahA~ eka siddha hai, vahA~ ananta siddha haiM 3, mukti : AtmA kI viziSTa paryAya 64, siddhoM ke guNa 65, siddhoM ke 31 guNa 65, siddhoM ke ATha guNa siddhoM - muktAtmAoM ke prakAra 66, pandraha prakAra 7 88-122
Page #53
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ viSaya-sUcI | 41 ke siddha 100, vibhinna apekSAoM se siddhoM kI gaNanA 102, pUrva bhavAzrita siddha 103, kSetrAzrita siddha 103, avagAhanAzrita siddha .. 103, devatatva kaimA, kyoM aura kaise mAnA jAe ? 104, devatattva ko mAnane se lAbha 104, vItarAgadeva ke sAnnidhya se lAbha 106, upAsya paramAtmA kI upAsanA se lAbha 106, Izvara kartRtva yA Atma-kartRtva 107, eka zaMkAH eka samAdhAna 108, AtmA ke tIna vargIkaraNa-bahirAtmA, antarAtmA aura paramAtmA 106, vItarAgadeva kA jJAnAdi prakAza grahaNa karane kI AvazyakatA ? 106, dhyeya ke anusAra dhyAtA 110, devasvarUpa cintana se svarUpa bhAna 112, nAmasmaraNa se AdhyAtmika vikAsa 112, devatva ko jagAne ke lie 113, parama upakArI vItarAgadeva ke prati kRtajJatA 113, paramAtmavAda kA sadupayoga aura durupayoga 114, paramAtmA kI sarvajJatA se lAbha 115, paramAtmA kI upAsanA kA mAnava-jIvana para prabhAva 116, vItarAga bhakti kA saphala rahasya 118, vItarAgadeva kI bhAva pUjA kyoM aura kyA 120, devatva ko prApta karane vAlA hI saccA deva 122 / dvitIya kalikA 123-264 4. guru-svarUpa 123-198 AcArya deva kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa 123, guru kI mahimA 123, guru dharmadeva haiM 124, guru zabda kA nirvacana 126, jaina dRSTi se guru . kA lakSaNa 127, suguru ke prati vinayaH kalyANa paramparA srota 128, gurutattva meM tIna padoM kA samAveza 126, AcArya kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa 126, paMcAcAra prapAlaka hI dharmAcArya 130, AcArya ke ... chattIsa guNa 130, paMcendriyanigraha 131, zrotra ndriyanigraha,131,cakSurindriyanigraha 131, nAgendriyanigraha 131 rasanendriyanigraha 132, sparzendriyanigraha navavidhabrahmacarya guptiyoM ke dhAraka 133, caturvidha kaSAya vijayI 135. (1) krodha kaSAya 136, (2) mAna kaSAya 137, (3) mAyA kaSAya 138, (4) lobha kaSAya 136, pA~ca mahAvratoM se gukta 140 prathama-ahiMsA mahAvrata 141, sarvaprANatipAtaviramaNa kA artha 141, prathama mahAvrata kI pA~ca bhAvanAe~ 142, (1) IryA samiti bhAvanA 142,(2) manogupti bhAvanA 142, (3) eSaNAsamiti bhAvanA 142, (4) AdAnanikSepaNa samiti bhAvanA 142, (5) Alokita pAnabhojana-bhAvanA 152, dvitIya-satya mahAvrata 143, satya mahAvrata kA svarUpa 143, dvitIya mahAvrata kI pA~ca bhAvanAe~ 143 (1) anuvIci bhASaNa 143, (2) krodhavazabhASaNa varjana 143,
Page #54
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 42 | viSaya-sUcI (3) lobhavazabhASaNa varjana 143, (4) bhayavaza bhASaNa tyAga 143, (5) hAsyavaza bhASaNa tyAga 143, tRtIya-acaurya mahAvrata 144, acaurya mahAvrata kA svarUpa 144, adatta ke pA~ca prakAra 144, (1) deva-adatta 144, (2) guru-adatta 144, (3) rAjA-adata 144, (1) gRhapati-adatta 145, (5) sArmi-adatta 145 tRtIya mahAvrata kI pA~ca bhAvanAe~ 145, anuvIci-avagraha yAcana 145, (2) abhIkSaNa / avagraha-yAcana 145, (3) avagrahAvadhAraNa 145, (4) sArmikaavagraha-yAcana 146, (5) anujJApita pAna-bhojana 146, caturthabrahmacarya mahAvrata 146, brahmacarya mahAvrata kA svarUpa 146, caturtha mahAvrata kI pA~ca bhAvanAe~ 146, (1) strIpazupaNDaka sevita (saMsakta) zayanAsanavarjanatA 146, (2) rAga yukta strIkathAvarjanatA 147, (1) manohara indriyAlokana varjanatA147, (4)pUrvaratavilAla (krIr3A) ananusmaraNa 147, (5) praNItarasabhojana (AhAra) varjanatA 147, paMcama-aparigraha mahAvrata 147, aparigraha mahAvrata kA svarUpa 148, paMcama-mahAvrata kI pA~ca bhAvanAe~ 148 paMcavidha-AcAra-pAlana samartha 148, jJAnAcAra-pAlana 146 jJAna ke ATha AcAra 146, darzanAcAra-pAlana 151, darzana ke ATha AcAra 151, cAritrAcAra pAlana 154, cAritrAcAra ke ATha AcAraH pA~ca samiti aura tIna gupti 154, tapAcAra 156, tapa ke bAraha AcAra 157, chaha bAhya aura chaha Abhyantara tapa 157, anazana tapa 157, anazana tapa ke bheda 158, UnodarI tapa 158, bhikSAcarI tapa 156, rasa-parityAga tapa 156, kAyakleza tapa 160, pratisaMlInatA tapa 161, pratisaMlInatA tapa ke bheda 161, prAyazcitta tapa 161, prAyazcitta ke dasa bheda 162, vinaya. tapa 163, vinaya tapa ke bheda prabheda 163, vaiyyAvRtya tapa 164, svAdhyAya tapa 164, dhyAna tapa 165, dhyAna ke bheda prabheda 165, vyutsargatapa 166, vyutsarga tapa ke bheda-prabheda 166, vIryAcAra 166, paMca samitiyoM aura tIna guptiyoM se yukta 167, AcArya kI 36 vizeSatAe~ 167, (1) Arya dezotpanna 167, (2) kula sampanna 167, (3) jAti sampanna 168, (4) rUpasampanna 168, (5) balasampanna 168, (6) dhRtisampanna 168, (7) anAzaMsI 169, (8) avikatthana 166 (9) amAyI 170 (10) sthira paripATI 170, (11) gRhIta vAkya 171, (12) jita-pariSat 171, (13) jitanidra 171, (14) madhyastha 172, (15) dezajJa 172, (16) kAlajJa 172, (17) bhAvajJa 173, (18) Asanna labdha pratibha 174, (16) nAnAvidha dezabhASAjJa 174, (20) jJAnA
Page #55
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ viSaya-sUcI | 43 cAra sampanna 174, [21] darzanAcAra sampanna 175, [22] cAritrAcAra sampanna 175, [23] tapAcAra sampanna 175, [24] vIryAcAra sampanna 176, [25] AharaNanipuNa 176, [26] sUtrAthaMtadubhayavidhijJa 177, [27] hetu nipuNa 177, [28] upanayanipuNa 177, [26] nayanipuNa 178, [30] grAhaNAkuzala 178, [31] svasamayavijJa 178, [32] parasamayavid 176, [33] gAmbhIryayukta 176, [34] dIptimAna- tejasvI 176, [35] ziva 176, [36] saumyaguNayuta 180, AcArya meM cAra viziSTa kriyAe~ 180 AcArya kI ATha sampadAe~ 181, [1] AcAra sampadA aura usake prakAra 181 [2] zrutasampadA aura usake bheda 182, [3] zarIra sampadA aura usake bheda 182, [4] vacana sampadA bheda sahita 183, [5] vAcanA sampadA aura usake vibhinna bheda 183, [6] mati sampadA prakAra sahita 184, [7] prayoga mati sampadA aura usake prakAra 186, [8] saMgraha parijJA sampadA aura usake prakAra 187, AcAryoM dvArA caturvidha vinaya pratipatti zikSA 186, AcAra vinayaH svarUpa aura prakAra 186, zruta vinayaH svarUpa aura prakAra 161, vikSepaNavinayaH 'svarUpa aura prakAra 162, doSa nirghAnatA-vinayaH svarUpa aura prakAra 163, AcArya ke prati ziSyAdi kI vinaya pratipatti 194, [1] upakaraNa utpAdanA vinaya 164, [2] sahAyatA vinaya 165, [3] varNa saMjvalanatAvinaya 166, [4]'bhAra pratyArohaNatA vinaya 166, prakArAntara se AcArya ke chattIsa guNa 168, AcArya ko gurupada meM prathama sthAna kyoM ? 198 / upAdhyAya kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa 166-212 upAdhyAya pada kI mahimA 166, upAdhyAya kA kartavya 200, upAdhyAya pada kI upalabdhi 200, upAdhyAya ke paccIsa guNa 201, dvAdaza aMgazAstroM kA paricaya 202, dvAdaza upAMgoM kA varNana 204, karaNa saptati se yukta 206, caraNasaptati se yukta 207, ATha prakAra kI prabhAvanAoM se sampanna 207, upAdhyAya kI solaha upamAe~ 206, upAdhyAyajI kI vizeSatA 212 / 6. sAdhu kA sarvAMgINa svarupa 213-264 sAdhu kA artha aura lakSaNa 212, sAdhu ke paryAyavAcI zabda aura lakSaNa 215, [1] mAhana 216, zramaNa 216, [2] bhikSu 217, (4) nirgrantha 217, pA~ca koTi ke nirgrantha 218, pulAkanikanya 218, (2) bakuza nirgrantha 218, (3) kuzIlanirgrantha 218 (4) nirgrantha 218, (5) snAtakanimrantha 216, sAdhu-dharma ke yogya
Page #56
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 44 | viSaya - sUcI ayogya kauna 2 226, sAdhu-dharma-dIkSA grahaNa ke samaya kI pratijJA 220, sAdhu ke sattAIsa guNa 221, [15] paccIsa bhAvanAoM sahita mahAvrata pAlana- 222, [ 6-10 ] paMcendriyanigraha 223,, [11-14] catuvidha kaSAya viveka 223, [15] bhAva satya [16] karaNa satya 223, asvAdhyAya ke 32 kAraNa 224, SaDAvazyaka kA krama 225, pratilekhana vidhi tathA apramAdayukta pratilekhanA 226, kAyotsarga ke 16 doSa 227 vandanA ke 32 doSa 227, AhAra karane aura tyAgane ke chaha-chaha kAraNa 228, bhikSAcarI ke 47 doSa 226, pA~ca samiti aura tIna gupti saMbaMdhI zuddha kriyAe~ 230, dazavidha samAcArI rUpa kriyAe~ 232, bAraha bhAvanAoM kI anuprekSA 232, bAraha bhAvanAoM kI anuprekSA nAma aura saMkSipta varNana 233, bAraha bhikSu pratimAoM. kI sAdhanA 236, [17] yoga satya 238 [18] kSamA 238 [16] virAgatA 2:8, [20] manaH samAharaNatA 238 (21) vAgsamAha raNatA 238, (22) kAya samAharaNatA 238, (23) jJAna saMpannatA 238, (24) darzana saMpannatA 236 (25) cAritra saMpannatA 236, sAmAyika caritra 236, chedopasthApanIya cAritra 240, parihAravizuddhi cAritra 240 sUkSmasaMparAya cAritra 240, yathAkhyAta cAritra 240, (26) vedanA samAdhyAsanA 241, uparsaga aura pariSaha 241 kSudhA pipAsA pariSaha 241, zIta-uSNa pariSaha 241, daMza mazaka pariSaha 241, acela pariSaha 241, arati pariSaha 242, strI pariSaha 242, caryA pariSaha 242, niSadyA pariSaha 202, zayyA parISaha 242, Akroza parISada 243, vadhaparISaha 243, yAcanA - paraSaha 243, alAbha parISaha 243, rogaparISaha 243, tRNasparza - parISaha 243, jalla parISaha 244, satkAra puraskAra parISaha 244, prajJA parISaha 244, ajJAna parISaha 244, adarzana parISaha 244, (27) mAraNAntika samAdhyAsanA 245, prakArAntara se sAdhu ke 27 guNa 246, satraha prakAra ke saMyama meM dattacitta muni 246, samavAyAMga sUtrokta satraha prakAra kA saMyama 246, prakAzantara se satraha prakAra kA saMyama 246, zramaNoM ke dasa uttama dharma 246, (1) kSamA dharma 250, (a) svayaM meM krodhanimitta hone na hone kA cintana 250, (A) krodhavRtti ke doSoM kA cintana 251, (i) apakArI ke bAla svabhAva kA cintana 251, (I) svakRta karmoM kA cintana 251, ( u ) kSamA kI zakti kA cintana 252, (2) mukti dharma 252 ( 3 ) Arjava dharma 253, (4) mArdava dharma 253 (5) lAghava dharma 253, (6) satya dharma 254, (7) saMyama dharma 255, (8) tapodharma 255, (6)
Page #57
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ viSaya-sUcI | 45 1-52 1-52 tyAgadharma 255, (10) brahmacarya vAsarUpa dharma 255, zramaNa ko prApta hone vAlI labdhiyA~ 256, bhagavAna mahAvIra ke munigaNa kI vizeSatAe~ 258, sthavira muniyoM kI apratima garimA 256 sAdhu kI 31 upamAe~ 260 sAdhu pada kA mahatva 263 / tRtIya kalikA 7. dharma ke vividha rUpa (vasavidha dharma) dharma kA artha 1, artha sambandhI bhrama 1, kevalI prajJapta dharma hI grAhya 2, zuddha dharma kI kasauTI 4, cAra bhAvanAoM kA svarUpa 4, dharmAcaraNa kA pradhAna sUtra 6, dharma ke do rUpaH maulika aura sarala 7, dharma kA phalaH ihalaukika yA pAralaukika 8, dharma kI AvazyakatA 6, dharmaH mAnava jIvana kA prANa 11, dharma kI upayogitA 12, sukha kA kAraNa-icchAoM kA nirodha 14, saccA sukha Atma-svAdhInatA 15, dharma kI utpatti 17, dharma kI zakti 18,'dharma kI mahimA 16, zuddha dharma prApti kI durlabhatA ke kAraNa 20, [1] manuSya janma 20, [2] AryakSetra 21, [3] uttama kula 21, [4] dIrgha Ayu 21, [5] avikala indriyA~ 22, [6] nIroga zarIra 22, [7] sadguru samAgama 22, [8] zAstra zravaNa 22, [6] zuddha zraddhAna 23, [10] dharmasparzanA 23, eka hI dharma ke vividha prakAra kyoM 24, dasa prakAra ke dharmoM kA svarUpa 27, laukika aura lokottara dharma 28, laukika dharma AdhAra : lokottara dharma Adheya 26, laukika dharmakI kasauTI 30, donoM prakAra ke dharmoM kA pAlana Avazyaka 31, pratyeka dharma kI rakSA ke lie dharmanAyaka 31, [1] grAmadharma 32 [2] nagaradharma 33, [3] rASTradharma 35, [4] pASaNDa dharma 37, pASaNDa zabda ke vividha artha 37, pASaNDa zabda kI vyutpatti 38 pASaNDasvIkRta vratoM kA dRr3hatApUrvaka pAlana 36, [5] kuladharma 36, kuladharma kA mahatva 40, kuladharma kA vyApaka kSetra 41, laukika kula 41, lokottara kula 42, (6) gaNadharma 42, laukika gaNadharma 42, lokottara gaNadharma 43, AcArya, upAdhyAya, gaNI, gaNAvacchedaka, pravartaka aura sthavira kA gaNadharma 44, dhArmika vrata grahaNa karate samaya bhI laukika gaNa kA vizeSa dhyAna rakhA jAtA thA 45, (7) saMgha dharma 45, saMgha kI virATa zakti 46, saMgha dharma kA dhyeya 47, laukika saMgha dharma 47, lokottara saMgha dharma 48, saMgha dharma kA mahatva 50, saMgha dharma kA pRthaka varNana kyoM 51, saMgha dharma meM bhI sAdhu aura zrAvaka ke dharma meM antara 51,
Page #58
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 46 | viSaya - sUcI caturtha kalikA 8. zrutadharma kA svarUpa ( samyakjJAna ke sandarbha meM ) 53-70 53-70 dharma zabda ke do artha 53, samyagdarzana -jJAna- cAritra kA samanvaya mokSa mArga 54, zruta aura cAritra dharma kA ghaniSTha sambandha 55, zrutadharma: svarUpa aura vizleSaNa 55 zruta ke vibhinna artha 56, zrutadharma ke do prakAra 57, dravyazruta aura bhAvazruta 57, samyakjJAna kyA aura kaise ? 56, samyak zruta evaM mithyA zrata 60, samyakjJAna ke prakAra 61, (1) matijJAna 61, matijJAna ke 340 bheda 61, (2) zrutajJAna svarUpa aura prakAra 62, ( 1 ) akSarazruta 63, (2) anakSarata 63 (3) saMjJizruta 64, 63, (4) asaMjJizruta 63, (5) samyakazruta 63, cAra mUlasUtra paricaya 63, uttarAdhyayana sUtra 63. dazavekAlika sUtra 64, nandIsUtra 64, anuyoga dvAra 64, cAra chedasUtra paricaya 64, dazAzrutaskandha 64, bRhatkalpa sUtra 64, vyavahAra sUtra 65, kAlika sUtra 65, utkAlika sUtra 65, (6) mithyAzruta 66, 7-8 sAdi-anAdi zruta 66, 6- 10, saparyavasita aparyavasita zruta 66, 11-12, gamika zruta- agamika zruta 66, 13 - 41, aMgaprabiSTa aura aMgabAhya zruta 67, samyakazAstra svarUpa, mahatva aura kasauTI 67, (3) avadhijJAna 66, (4) manaH paryava jJAna (5) kevalajJAna 70 / paMcama kalikA 6. samyagdarzana - svarUpa ( zrutadharma) vyavahAra samyadarzana kA lakSaNa 71, samyagdarzana meM svAnubhUti Avazyaka 74, nizcaya aura vyavahAra samyagdarzana kA samanvaya 75, sAta aura nau tattvoM kA rahasya 76, tattvabhUta padArtha sAta hI kyoM ? 76, adhyAtma jijJAsu ke nau prazna : nau tattvoM kA krama 78, nau tattvoM kI vizeSatA 76, nau tattvoM kA svarUpa 80, ( 1 ) jIva tattva 81, jIva kA lakSaNa : upayoga, cetanA prANadhAraNa 81, jIva kA svarUpa 83, jIvoM kI saMkhyA 86, jIva ke bheda prabheda 786, saMsArI jIvoM ke bheda 60, sthAvara jIvoM ke pAMca bheda 60 trasajIvoM ke bheda-prabheda 60, (2) ajIva tattva 61, ajIva tatva ke bheda 61, [2] 12 puNya kA abhiprAya 63, puNya ke do bheda 63 puNya bandha kena prakAra 94, puNya phala bhogane ke 42 prakAra 94, puNya : heya bhI upodaya bhI 65: (4) pApa tasva 65, pApAnubandha ke 18 kAraNa 65, pApa ke do prakAra 66, aThAraha pApoM kA 82 prakAra se phalabhoga 66, (5) Asrava tattva 66, Asrava kA lakSaNa 67, zubhAsrava aura azubhA -srava 71-104 71-104
Page #59
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ viSaya-sUcI | 47 paccIsa 67 Asrava ke do prakAra 67, Asrava ke 20 dvAra 67, kriyAe~ 67, (6) saMvara tatva 67 saMvara kA lakSaNa 88, saMvara ke dasa bheda 68, saMvara kI siddhi 8 saMvara ke 57 bheda 68, saMvara ke do mukhya prakAra 68, saMvara ke pA~ca prakAra 68, (7) nirjarA tattva 66 nirjarA kA svarUpa 66, nirjarA ke do prakAra 100, nirjarA kA upAya 100 (8) bandha tattva 100, karma ke bheda 100, karma bandha ke prakAra 101 (1) prakRitabandha 101 ( 2 ) sthitibandha 101 (3) anubhAga bandha 101 (4) pradezabandha 102, (6) mokSatattva 102, mokSa prApti ke kAraNa 102, no tattvoM kA zraddhAna- jJAna 106, samyakdarzana ke vikAsa evaM dRr3hatA ke lie ATha AcAra 106, ( 1 ) niHzaMkatA 106 (2) niSkAMkSatA 103, (3) nirvicikitsA 113, [4] amUDhadRSTitva 103, [5] upabRMhaNa 104 [6] sthirIkaraNa 104, [ 7) vAtsalya 104, [ 8 ] prabhAvanA 104 / chaThI kalikA 10. AtmavAda, lokavAda, karmabAda, kriyAvAda (samyagdarzana ke sandarbha meM) 'Astikya' zabda kA nirvacana 105, Astikya ke cAra sudRr3ha stambhaM cAra vAda - AtmavAda, lokavAda, karmavAda aura kriyAvAda 106, cAroM vAda paraspara sambaddha 106, kriyAvAda- akriyAvAda 106 AtmavAda sambandhI vicAra 107, karmavAda sambadhI mAnyatAe~ 106 / AtmavAda : eka samIkSA 110 parokSa hone para bhI AtmA kA astitva hai 111, AtmA ke astitva meM sAdhaka tarka 111, [1] svasaMvedana 112, [2] upAdAna kAraNa 121 [3] atyantAbhAva 121 jJa aura AtmA kA bhinnatva 112, [5] sAdhaka aura sAdhana kA pRthaktva 113, [3] smaraNakartA AtmA hai 113, [7] saMkalanAtmaka jJAna kA jJAtA 113, [5] pUrvasaMskAra evaM pUrvajanma kI smRti 114, [6] satpratipakSa 114 [10] bAdhaka pramANa kA abhAva 114 ( 11 ) sat kA niSedha 114, ( 12 ) saMzaya hI Atma - siddhI kA kAraNa 114, (13) guNa dvArA guNI kA grahaNa 151 (14) vizeSa guNa dvArA svataMtra astitva bodha 115, (15) dravya kI kAlikatA 115, (16) vicitratAoM ke kAraNabhUta karma se AtmA kI siddhi 115, AtmA kA svarupa 115, anya darzana ke anusAra AtmA kA svarupa 515, zarIramaya AtmA 116, prANamaya AtmA 116, manomaya AtmA 117, vijJAnamaya prajJAnamaya AtmA 117, Anandamaya AtmA 105 -202 105-123
Page #60
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 48 | viSaya - sUcI 118, cidAtmA 118, jainadarzana ke anusAra AtmA kA svarupa 116, bauddhadarzana meM AtmA kA svarupa 112, vibhinna darzanoM kI AtmA sambandhI mAnyatAe~ 123 / 11. lokavAdaH eka samIkSA mukti ke sAdhaka ke lie loka kA jJAna Avazyaka 124, loka kyA hai ? 125, cAra prakAra kA loka 125 kSetraloka aura kAlalokaM 126, loka- aloka kI sImA 126, loka- aloka kA parimANa 127, loka kA saMsthAna (AkAra) 128, loka kitanA bar3A hai ? 128. Urdhva loka - paricaya 126, madhyaloka kA paricaya 130 karmabhUmikA kSetra 131 akarmabhUmikA kSetra 193, antaradvIpa 133, jyotiSka devaloka 130 adholoka paricaya 133 alokAkAza 135, kAlaloka 135, vizva : kAla kI dRSTi se 135, vizva kisI ke dvArA nirmita yA anirmita 136, kartRtvavAdiyoM ke mukhya tarka 135, jaina darzana dvArA ina tarkoM ke akATya uttara 138, vizvasthiti ke mUla sUtra 140, loka kI saMsthiti 141, Astikya kA AdhAra : lokavAda 142 / 194-143 12. karmavAda : eka mImAMsA .144 - 181 karmavAda : Astikya kI sudRr3ha AdhAra zilA 144, saMsAra kI vividhatAoM kA kAraNa karma 144, karmavAda evaM anyavAda 14.5, adRSTavAda 145, prakRtivAda 146, bauddha darzana kA cittagata vAsanAvAda 146, bhUtavAda 146, puruSavAda 146, kAlAdi aikAntika paMcakAraNavAda 147, jaina darzanasammata paMcakAraNa - samavAyavAda 146, karmavAda kI upayogitA 151 karma zabda: vibhinna arthoM meM 154, mUrtakarmoM kA amUrta AtmA ke sAtha baMdha kaise ? 155 karma aura AtmA kA saMyoga kaba se ? 155, balavAna kauna karma yA AtmA ? 157, karma ke do prakAra 158, karmoM kA kartA kauna, bhoktA kauna ? : 160, karmabandha ke hetu 158, karma jIvAdhIna yA jIva karmAdhIna aura prakAra 163, bandha ke prakAra 163, karma kI mUlaprakRtiyA~ aura unake kArya 163, ghAtyakarma 164, jJAnAvaraNIya karma 164, darzanAvaraNIya karma 164, mohanIya karma 164, antarAya karma 165, AghAt karma 165, vedanIya karma 165, nAmakarma 165, gotrakarma 165, AyuSya karma 165, AThoM karmoM kA bandha kaba 166, karmabandha kI prakriyA aura kAraNa 166, bandha ke niyama 167, karmabandha kaise, kisa krama se ? 167, ATha karmoM ke bandha ke kAraNa 167, *
Page #61
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ viSaya-sUcI | 46 ATha karmoM ke krama kA rahasya 173, ATha karmoM kI uttaraprakRtiyA~ 174, karmoM kI sthiti 174, karmoM kA phala vipAka 175, lezyA 177, karmoM kI dasa avasthAe~ 178 / 13. mokSavAdaH karmoM se sarvathA mukti 182-202 AtmavAda Adi kA lakSya : mokSa prApti 182, mokSa prApti ke sAdhana 183, tapasyA ke bheda aura dhyAna sAdhanA 183, dhyAna ke bheda-prabheda 183, ArtadhyAna 184, raudradhyAna 183, dharmadhyAna aura usake cAra bheda 184 saMsthAna vicaya : dharmadhyAna ke cAra bheda 184, piNDastha dhyAna 185, pArthivI dhAraNA 185, AgneyI dhAraNA 185, mArUtI dhAraNA 186, vAruNI dhAraNA 186, tatvarUpavatI dhAraNA 183, padastha dhyAna 186, rUpastha dhyAna 186, rUpAtIta dhyAna 178, zukla dhyAna ke bheda 188, mukti kI prakriyA adhikAdhika nirjarA 186, mukta AtmA puna : karmamala se lipta nahIM hotA 160, muktAvasthA kA sukha aura saMsArI-sukha 160, mokSa kA zAzvatatva 161, mukta AtmA kA punarAgamana nahIM hotA 163 mokSa meM AtmagaNoM kA nAza nahIM 194, makta jIvoM kI Urdhvagati kaise 164. mokSa prApti kisako ? 167, mokSa prApti ke prathama cAra durlabha aMga 197, mokSa prApti kaba hotI hai ? 168, mokSa prApti kahA~ se hotI hai / 168, eka siddhAvagAhanA meM ananta siddha 168, karmamukta AtmAoM ko aSTa gaNoM kI upalabdhi 166, karma mukta hone vAle sAdhakoM kI zreNiyA~ 166, mokSa prApti ke lie AdhyAtmika vikAsa krama-caudaha guNasthAna 200 / saptama kalikA 203-246 14. astikAyadharma-svarUpa 203-246 loka ke sabhI padArthoM kA chaha bhAgoM meM vargIkaraNa 203, astikAya kI paribhASA 204, astikAyadharma 205, astikAyadharma ke vividha artha 205, vAstavikatAvAda aura upayogitAvAda 206, SaDdravyoM kA lakSaNa 208, dravyoM kA astitvanirNaya 212, [1-2] dharmadravya aura adharmadravya 212, [3] AkAzAstikAya 215, [4] kAladravya 217, kAladravya ke viSaya meM do mata 217, [5] pudgalAstikAya 216, [6] jIvAstikAya 220, SaDdravyoM kA mUlya nirNaya 221, mUlyanirNaya ke tIna prakAra 221, SaDadravyoM kA svarUpa nirNaya 221, [1] dharmAstikAya 221, [2] adharmAstikAya 222, [3] AkAzAstikAya 223, [4] kAladravya 226, kAla ke cAra prakAra 226,
Page #62
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 50 | viSaya -sUcI kAla gaNanA kI tAlikA 227 [ 5 ] jIvAstikAya 228, [7] pudgalAstikAya 228, SadravyoM ke nitya- dhra uvaguNa 226, chahadravyoM kA upakAratva nirNaya 226, dharma adharma aura AkAza dravya upakAra 230, kAla dravya ke upakAra 231, pudgalAstikAya ke upakAra 231, pudgala ke dasavadha pariNAma 233 [6] jIvadravya ke upakAra 235. chaha dravyoM kA guNa paryAya nirNaya 236, sahabhAvI guNa aura kramabhAvI guNa 236, sahabhAvI guNoM ke do prakAra - sAmAnya aura vizeSa 237, dravyoM ke sAmAnya sahabhAvI guNa 237, sahabhAvI vizeSa guNa 237, chaha dravyoM ke guNoM meM sAdhayaM - vaidharmyaM 238. SadravyoM kA cAra guNoM kI dRSTi se vicAra 236, SaDdravyoM ke nityAnitya guNa kI catubhaMgI 240, Sar3adravyoM para svadravyAdi cAroM sambandhI nityAnitya caturbhagI 241, SaD dravyoM kA paraspara saMbaMdha 241, Sar3a dravyoM ke guNa- paryAyoM kA sAdharmya - vaidharmya 242, SaD dravyoM ke krama bhAbI guNa - paryAya 242, pariNAmavAda : dravya lakSaNa ke saMdarbha meM 243, dasa prakAra ke jIvapariNAma 244, dasa prakAra ke ajIva pariNAma 245, astikAya dharma kI upayogitA 246 // aSTama kalikA 15. gRhasthadharma - svarUpa ( cAritradharma ke sandarbha meM) 247-- 274 247 - 274 zreyasa kI sAdhanA hI dharma hai 247, zrutadharma kI apekSA cAritradharma kA mahattva 247, jJAna-darzana- cAritra meM ekarUpatA na hone kA karmavAda dvArA samAdhAna 246, cAritra dharma kA svarUpa 246, cAritra dharma ke do rUpa 250, agAra cAritra dharma 250, agAra cAritra dharma ke do rUpa - ( 1 ) sAmAnya gRhastha dharma aura (2) vizeSa gRhastha dharma 250, sAmAnya gRhastha dharma ke sUtra 250, [1] nyAyayukta AcaraNa 250. .[2] nyAyopArjita dhana 251, [3] anyagotrIya samAna kula-zIla vAle ke sAtha vivAha sambandha 251, [4] upadravayukta sthAna kA tyAga 251, [5] suyogya vyakti kA Azraya lenA 253, [6] Ayocita vyaya 253, [7] prasiddha dezAcAra pAlana 253, [8] mAtApitA kI vinaya 253 [6] sva-prakRti ke anukUla samaya para bhojana 253, [10] adeza-kAla caryAtyAga 253, [11] vega Adi chaha kA atikramaNa na kare 253 (i) vega 353, (ii) vyAyAma 253, (iii) nidrA 253 [iv] snAna 254, (v) bhojana 354, (vi) svacchanda vRtti 254 gRhastha kA vizeSa dharma 254 samyaktvaH svarUpa lakSaNa aura aticAra tathA AgAra 255, zrAvakadharma ke pA~ca aNuvrata 355 1, sthUla prANatipAtaviramaNa 356, [2] sthUla mRSAvAda viramaNa
Page #63
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ viSaya sUcI | 51 356, [3] sthUla adattAdAna viramaNa 256, [4] icchA parimANa vrata- - parigraha parimANa vrata 260, parigraha ke do bheda - bhAvaparigraha aura dravya - parigraha 260 parigraha parimANa vrata ke pA~ca aticAra 261, tIna guNavrata 262, guNavratoM kA svarUpa 262, [1] dikparimANavrata 262, dikparimANa ke pAMca aticAra 263, [2] upabhogaparibhoga parimANavrata 263 vrata kA svarUpa 263, isa vrata meM varji ta karane yogya vastue~ 364, upabhogya - paribhogya 26 prakAra ke padArtha 364, caudaha niyama 365, pandraha karmAdAnoM kA sarvathA tyAga 366, upabhoga- paribhoga parimANa vrata ke pAMca aticAra 367, [3] anarthadaNDa viramaNa vrata 367, anarthadaNDa viramaNa vrata ke cAra prakAra 367, pAMca aticAra 367, cAra zikSAvrata 368, [1] sAmAyika vrata 368, cAra vizuddhiyA~ 268, pAMca aticAra 366, [2] dezAvakAzika vrata 366, pAMca aticAra 366, [3] paripUrNa pauSadhavrata pA~ca aticAra 370, [4] atithi saMvibhAgavata 371, pAMca aticAra 379, zrAvaika ke tIna manoratha 372, apazcima mAraNAMtika saMlekhanA brata 373, pAMca aticAra 273 zrAvaka kI gyAraha pratimA 374 / 370, 275-264 275-264 navama kalikA 16. pramANa- naya svarUpa [ samyakjJAna ke sandarbha meM ] pramANavAda 275. pramANa zabda kI vyAkhyAe~ 275, pramANa kA phala 276, pramANa ke bheda-prabheda 276, pratyakSa pramANa aura usake bheda 276, parokSa pramANa 277, parokSa pramANa ke bheda-prabheda 277 sAta hetu 276 parArthAnumAna ke avayava 280, nayavAda 380, naya kI vyAkhyA 281, naya ke prakAra 281, [1] naigamanaya 283, naigamanaya ke tIna prakAra 284 [2] saMgrahanaya 284 saMgraha naya ke do bheda 385, [3] vyavahAra naya 285, [4] RjusUtra naya 285, [5] zabda naya 286, [6] samabhirUr3ha naya 286 [7] evaMbhUtanaya 286, nayoM kI uttarottara sUkSmatA 287, nikSepavAda 287, nipekSa kA Azaya 287, nikSepa ke prakAra 288 [1] nAma nikSepa 288 [2] sthApanA nikSepa 288 [3] dravya nikSepa 286,4, bhAva nikSepa 260, anekAntavAda syAdavAda 260, jainAgamoM meM anekAntavAda ke udAharaNa 261, saptabhaMgI 263, saptabhaMgI ko samajhane ke lie vyAvahArika udAharaNa 264 / pariziSTa [ viziSTa zabda sUcI udghRta grantha sUcI 265 314
Page #64
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Page #65
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ jaina tatva kalikA prathama kalikA deva svarUpa : deva kA artha arihaMta deva svarUpaarhan zabda kA vizeSArtha atizaya varNana arihaMta aura tIrthaMkara tIrthaMkara devasvarUpaaThAraha doSa-rahitatA bIsa sthAnaka tIrthaMkaroM kI paMca kalyANakatAlikA caubIsa tIrthaMkara cAra aitihAsika tIrthaMkara siddhadeva svarUpazuddha AtmA-siddha AtmA siddhoM ke ATha guNa siddhoM ke vividha prakAra paramAtmA kI upAsanA : lAbha aura vidhi
Page #66
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Page #67
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ maMgalAcaraNa Namo arihaMtANaM, Namo siddhANaM, Namo AyariyANaM, Namo uvajjhAyANaM, Namo loe savva sAhUNaM / eso paMca NamokkAro, savvapAvappaNAsaNo / maMgalANaM ca savvesi, paDhamaM havai maMgala // artha - arihantoM ko namaskAra ho, siddhoM ko namaskAra ho, AcAyAM ko namaskAra ho, upAdhyAyoM ko namaskAra ho, loka meM sarva sAdhuoM ko namaskAra ho / yaha paMca - namaskAra samasta pApoM kA nAza karane vAlA hai aura saba maMgaloM meM zra eSTha (pradhAna) maMgala hai | vizeSa- ina pA~coM parameSThiyoM meM arihanta yA arhanta aura siddha, ye donoM devakoTi meM Ate haiM; AcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAdhu, ye tInoM gurukoTi Ate haiN| inake atirikta navakAra maMtra meM (nava pada nAma se) namo nANassa, namo daMsaNasa, namo carittassa, namo tavassa ina cAra padoM kA samAveza aura kiyA jAtA hai / ye jJAna, darzana, cAritra aura tapa cAra pada dharmakoTi meM Ate haiN| ArAdhya - tripuTI yadyapi namaskAra maMtra kI cUlikArUpa meM jo gAthA hai, usameM zeSa cAroM pada aMkita nahIM haiM, tathApi paramparAgata dhAraNA ke anusAra navakAramaMtra ke nau padoM meM pUrvokta pA~ca padoM ke atirikta zeSa cAra pade jJAna, darzana,, cAritra aura tapa, ye hI mAne jAte haiM / jaina jagat meM ina nau padoM kI ArAdhanA-upAsanA karane kI paripATI pracalita hai / caitra mAsa ke zuklapakSa aura Azvina mAsa ke zuklapakSa kI saptamI
Page #68
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 2 : jaina tattvakalikA se pUrNimA taka inhIM nau padoM kI ArAdhanA-upAsanA Ayambila tapa ke sAtha kI jAtI hai| isa prakAra deva, guru, dharma kI ArAdhanA aura upAsanA japa, tapa, vrata, niyama, tyAga, vandana-namaskAra, darzana Adi vividha rUpoM meM kI jAtI rahI hai| . .., "; dharmasaMgha ke lie tIna sudRr3ha avalambana jaise binA avalambana ke manuSya lar3akhar3A kara gira par3atA hai, vaise hI ina tIna ArAdhyoM ke sudRr3ha avalambana ke binA dharmasaMgha yA saMgha kA koI bhI anugAmI saMzayagrasta hokara, kusaMga yA mithyAtviyoM ke saMga meM phaMsakara athavA dharmamArga se phisalakara, indriyaviSaya-bhogapradhAna matoM ke cakkara meM phaMsakara patana ke gaDDhe meM gira sakatA hai / isalie dharmasaMgha ke lie deva, guru aura dharma, ina tIna sudRr3ha avalambanoM kI AvazyakatA hai| :: samyaktva ke tIna mUlAdhAra deva, guru aura dharma, ye tIna vyAvahArika samyaktva ke mUlAdhAra haiN| ina tIna mUla AdhAroM ke binA manuSya cAhe jisa deva, cAhe jase sAdhuvezadhArI nakalI guru aura bhogavAsanApradhAna nakalI dharma ke cakkara meM par3akara gumarAha ho jAegA, dRSTibhrAnta hokara saMsAra-bhramaNa ke patha para bhaTaka jaaegaa| isIlie AcArya hemacandra ne vyAvahArika samyaktva kA lakSaNa isa prakAra diyA hai-"deva meM zuddha prakAra kI devabuddhi, guru meM zuddha prakAra kI gurubuddhi aura zuddhadharma meM zuddha dharmabuddhi honA, samyaktva kahalAtA hai|' sImoM tattvoM kA svarUpa jAnanA Avazyaka parantu ina ArAdhya aura upAsya deva, guru aura dharma kA svarUpa kyA hai ? ye kina-kina doSoM se rahita aura kina-kina sadguNoM se yukta hote haiM ? ina tInoM padoM yA tattvoM kI ArAdhanA-upAsanA kyoM karanI cAhie? inakI ArAdhanA yA upAsanA se kyA kyA lAbha haiM ? jIvana-nirmANa yA jIvana-vikAsa meM ina tInoM tattvoM kA kyA sthAna hai ? AdhyAtmika, sAmAjika, rASTrIya, sAMskR 1 (ka) yA deve devatAbuddhigurau ca gurutAmatiH / dharme ca dharmadhIH zuddhA, samyaktvamidamucyate ||-yogshaastr, prakAza 2, zloka 2 (kha) arihaMto maha devo, jAvajjIvaM susAhuNo guruNo / jiNapaNNata tatta, ia sammatta mae gahiraM // - Avazyaka sUtra
Page #69
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ maMgalAcaraNa : 3 tika, naitika evaM dhArmika utthAna meM ina tInoM tattvoM kI ArAdhanA - upAsanA anivArya rUpa se kyoM upAdeya hai ? mokSa rUpa lakSya kI ora gati pragati karane meM ye tInoM tattva kisa prakAra se sahAyaka hote haiM ? AtmA para lage hue karmarUpI AvaraNoM aura rAga-dva eSa, kAma, krodha, lobha, moha, abhimAna, mAyA, IrSyA, droha Adi vikAroM aura doSoM ko dUra karane tathA AtmA ko zuddha, nirvikAra evaM nirmala banAne meM ina tInoM ArAdhya tattvoM se kyA aura kisa prakAra se preraNA mila sakatI hai ? isa prakAra ke aneka praznoM kA jaba taka samAdhAna na ho jAe, taba taka sarvAMgINa rUpa se sarvAtmanA ina tInoM tattvoM kI ArAdhanA aura upAsanA nahIM ho sakatI / ataH ina tInoM tattvoM kA svarUpa bhalI-bhA~ti hRdayaMgama kara lenA Avazyaka hai / devasvarUpa digdarzana deva kA artha 'deva' zabda yahA~ svarga meM rahane vAle deva-devI, megha, brAhmaNa yA rAjA Adi kA vAcaka nahIM, parantu usa paramatattva kA saMketa karatA hai, jisakI ArAdhanA-upAsanA karane se manuSya meM dharma kA divya teja prakaTa hotA hai aura vaha uttarottara AdhyAtmika vikAsa prApta karatA jAtA hai / Atmika divyatA se yukta puruSa ko yahA~ deva kahA gayA hai / devapada meM samAviSTa : arihanta aura siddha isa parama tattva kA vyavahAra aneka nAmoM se hotA hai / parantu jainadharma usake lie 'paramAtmA' zabda kA prayoga karatA hai / jainadRSTi se arhatu (yA arihanta) aura siddha donoM paramAtmA (parama + AtmA) haiM / arihanta sAkAra paramAtmA haiM, jabaki siddha nirAkAra paramAtmA haiM / arihanta paramAtmA cAra ghAtI karmoM kA kSaya kara cukate haiM, arthAt - ve anantajJAna, anantadarzana vItarAga avasthA (akSaya cAritra) aura anantavIrya se yukta hote haiM / 1 siddha paramAtmA ghAtI aura aghAtI sabhI karmoM kA nAza kiye hue kRtakRtya hote haiM / ve niraMjana, nirvikAra, karma aura kAyA se rahita hote haiM / isa kAraNa ve AtmA ke parama zuddha svarUA meM sthira hote haiM / ataH arhatadeva kI taraha siddha paramAtmA bhI devapada meM garbhita haiM / paMcaparameSThI maMtra meM sarvaprathama arihantoM ko namaskAra kiyA jAtA hai, tatpazcAt siddhoM ko isakA kAraNa yaha hai, ki arihanta deva jIvanmukta aura sazarIrI hone se prANiyoM ke lie parama upakArI, parama-rakSaka, parama dayAlu
Page #70
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 4 : jaina tattvakalikA evaM vizvavatsala hote haiN| dharma kA sAkSAt upadeza ve hI dete haiM aura dharmatIrtha kI sthApanA karake mukti-mArga kA pravartana karate haiN| siddha-paramAtmA arUpI aura azarIrI hote haiM, ve mukti meM virAjamAna hote haiM, janma-maraNa se srvth| rahita hote haiM / yadyapi carama lakSya to siddhatva prApta karanA aura mukta honA hai, tathApi sabase nikaTa upakArI aura dharma ke mukhya upadeSTA evaM satya ke sAkSAt draSTA hone se arihanta deva kA sarvaprathama avalambana lenA anivArya hai| isa kAraNa prathama arihantadeva ko smaraNa aura namana kiyA jAtA hai tathA unakI hI prathama ArAdhanA-upAsanA kI jAtI hai| " ataeva hama pahale arihanta paramAtmA ke sarvAMgINa svarUpa kA varNana karake tatpazcAt siddha paramAtmA kA varNana kreNge|
Page #71
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa ahaMta paramAtmA ko jina, jinezvara, vItarAga, sarvajJa, tIrthaMkara, devAdhideva Adi aneka nAmoM se sambodhita karate haiN| hama kramazaH ina saba viziSTa nAmoM para prakAza DAlane kA prayatna kreNge| devAdhideva kyoM aura kaise ? __ arhat-paramAtmA ko deva ke badale devAdhideva kahA gayA hai / devAdhideva kA zabdazaH artha to devoM ke bhI adhiSThAtA (ArAdhya-upAsya-pUjanIya) deva hotA hai, kintu isakA vizeSa svarUpa jAnane ke lie hameM zAstroM kI gaharAI meM utaranA hogaa| - bhagavatI sUtra meM gaNadhara indrabhUti gautama ne zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra se eka prazna kiyA hai ki 'bhagavana ! devAdhideva (arhanta), devAdhideva kyoM kahe jAte haiM ?' isake uttara meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA-gautama ! jo ye arihanta bhagavAn haiM, ve samutpanna (ananta) jJAna aura (ananta) darzana ke dhAraka hote haiM / atIta, vartamAna aura anAgata (bhaviSya) ko (hastAmalakavat) jAnate haiN| ve arhat, jina (rAga-dvaSa-vijetA) kevalI (sampUrNa jJAna ke dhAraka), sarvajJa aura sarvadarzI hote haiN| isa kAraNa se unheM devAdhideva kahA jAtA hai|' jo svarga ke deva hote haiM, unameM adhika se adhika avadhijJAna taka hotA hai, unameM manaHparyavajJAna evaM kevalajJAna nahIM hotaa| isa kAraNa ve anantajJAnadarzana ke dhAraka yA trikAlajJa, kevalI, sarvajJa-sarvadarzI nahIM hote| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki ve rAga-dvaSAdi vikAroM ke vijetA nahIM hote, balki ve deva 1 (pra.) se keNaTheNaM bhaMte ! evaM vuccai devAdhidevA devAdhidevA ? (u.) goyamA ! je ime arihaMtA bhagavaMto upapannanANadaMsaNadharAtIya-paDupannamaNAgayA jANayA, arahA jiNA kevalI * savvaNNU savvadarisI; se teNa-NaM. "jAva devAdhidevA devaadhidevaa| --bhagavatIsUtra, zataka 12, uddezaka 6
Page #72
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 6 : jaina tattvakalikA kAma, krodha, lobha, moha, rAga-dvaSa Adi vikAroM se nyUnAdhika rUpa meM abhibhUta hote haiM / devoM ke rAjA-indra-devendra yadyapi devoM dvArA pUjanIya hote haiM, kintu ve jagadvandya-trilokapUjya nahIM hote jabaki devAdhideva arhanta uparyukta sabhI vizeSatAoM se yukta hote haiN| manuSyoM meM bhUdeva (vipra) evaM naradeva (rAjA) Adi deva kahalAte haiM; ve bhI chadamastha rAgadvaSAbhibhUta evaM alpajJa hone ke kAraNa devAdhideva kI kathamapi samatA nahIM kara skte| arhana zabda kA vizeSArtha pUrvokta devAdhideva kA vartamAna meM sarvAdhika pracalita nAma arhana yA arihanta hai| samyaktva grahaNa-sUcaka pATha meM 'arihanto mahadevo'' tathA yogazAstra kA nimnokta devalakSaNa pradarzaka zloka Adi isake pramANarUpa haiM sarvajJo jitraagaadidossaastrlokypuujitH| yathAsthitArthavAdI ca, devo'hana paramezvaraH // 2 . arthAt-sarvajJa, rAgAdidoSavijetA, trailokyapUjita, yathAvasthita padArtha-kathana karane vAlA, paramezvara aura arhana (arihanta) deva hai / jainazAstroM meM ardhamAgadhI bhASA meM arhan zabda ke lie arahA, arahanta, aruhanta aura arihanta zabda bhI prayukta hue haiN| .. 'arhan' zabda kA artha aura svarUpa samajhane ke lie hameM zabdazAstra kI ora dRSTipAta karanA hogaa| 'arhan' zabda 'arha' dhAtu (kriyA) se niSpanna huA hai| 'ahaM' dhAtu yogya honA tathA pUjita honA, ina do arthoM meM prayukta hotI hai ataeva saMskRta bhASA ke sabhI koSoM ne 'arhan' kA artha kiyA haijo 'sammAna yA pUjA ke yogya ho' / . .. prazna ho sakatA hai, isa vizva meM mAtA-pitA, adhikArIvarga, bar3e loga, vidyAguru, sAmAjika yA rASTrIya netA tathA rAjA Adi sammAna yA pUjA ke yogya mAne jAte haiM, to kyA una sabhI ko 'arhan' kahA jA sakatA hai? - isakA samAdhAna dharmazAstroM dvArA isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai jo deva-dAnava aura mAnava, ina tInoM ke dvArA pUjya hoM, arthAt trailokyapUjita hoM, unheM ho 'arhat' samajhanA caahie| 1 Avazyaka sUtra, samyaktva pAra... - 2 yogazAstra, prakAza 2, zloka 4 3 devAsuramaNuesu arihA pUjA ekalamA jamhA / -Avazyakaniyukti gA0 922
Page #73
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 7 vizeSatayA arhantoM meM cAra viziSTa atizaya hote haiM, jo unheM pUjA ora zreSThatA ke yogya banAte haiM- (1) pUjAtizaya, (2) jJAnAtizaya, (3) vacanAtizaya aura (4) apAyApagamAtizaya / pUjAtizaya arhanta tIrthaMkara aSTamahAprAtihArya Adi ke pUjAtizaya se sampanna (upalakSita) hote haiN|' ____ aSTamahAprAtihArya kyA haiM ? inheM samajha lenA Avazyaka hai| pUjyatA prakaTa karane vAlI jo sAmagrI pratihArI (paharedAra) kI bhA~ti sadA sAtha rahe, vaha prAtihArya hai| adabhutatA yA divyatA se yukta hone ke kAraNa ise mahAprAtihArya kahA jAtA hai| vaha pUjyatA sAmagrI ATha prakAra kI hone se use aSTamahAprAtihArya kahA jAtA hai| vaha isa prakAra hai(1) azokavakSa (4) cAmara (7) dundubhi, aura (2) surapuSpavaSTi (5) Asana (8) Atapatra (chatra) / (3) divyadhvani (6) bhAmaNDala (1) azoka vRkSa-bhUmaNDala ko pAvana karate hue tIrthaMkara jahA~ dharmopadeza dene ke lie baiThate yA khar3e hote haiM, vahA~ unake zarIra se dvAdaza guNA U~ce ati sundara azokavakSa kI racanA ho jAtI hai, jo vakSa kI samagra zobhA se yukta hotA hai| jise dekhate hI bhavya prANiyoM kA AdhyAtmika zoka dUra ho jAtA hai| (2) surapuSpavRSTi-jisa sthAna para bhagavAn kA samavasaraNa (dharmasabhA) hotA hai, vahA~ eka yojana taka devagaNa pA~coM vargoM ke manohara sugandhita acitta puSpoM kI varSA karate haiM / (3) divyadhvani-tIrthaMkara bhagavAn ke zrImukha se sarvabhASA meM pariNata hone vAlI arddhamAgadhI bhASA meM sarvavarNopeta evaM yojanagAminI divyadhvani (vANI) nikalatI hai, jise sunakara sabhI prANI apanI-apanI bhASA meM usake bhAva ko saMzayarahita hokara samajha jAte haiN| (4) cAmara-tIrthaMkara bhagavAn ke donoM ora zveta cAmara DhulAe (5) Asana-bhagavAn jahA~ virAjamAna hone lagate haiM, vahAM pahale se ho azokavakSa ke nIce pAdapITha sahita svarNamaya siMhAsana rakha diyA jAtA hai / 1 'amaravaranirmitAzokAdimahAprAtihAryarUmA pUjAmahantItyarhantaH / ' -bhagavatI, abhaya-vRtti, maMgalAcaraNa
Page #74
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 8 : jaina tattvakalikA (6) bhAmaNDala-bhagavAn ke mukha ke pIche eka tejomaNDala hotA hai, jo sUrya maNDala ke samAna prakAzamAna hotA hai| jisase dasoM dizAoM kA andhakAra vinaSTa ho jAtA hai| (7) devadundubhi-jisa sthAna meM tIrthaMkara virAjamAna hote haiM, vahA~ devatA dundubhinAda dvArA udghoSaNA karate haiM, jisase bhagavAn ke Agamana kA patA laga jAne se aneka bhavya jIva unakI divyavANI sunakara lAbha uThAte haiM, apanA kalyANa karate haiN| (8) Atapatra-devagaNa bhagavAn ke sira para tIna chatra rakhate haiM, jisase sUcita hotA hai ki bhagavAna trailokya ke svAmI haiN| ye ATha' mahAprAtihArya bhagavAn ke vizeSa puNyodaya se prakaTa hokara unake 'pUjAtizaya' ko sUcita karate haiN| isake atirikta tIrthaMkara 64 indroM ke dvArA pUjanIya haiM, yaha bhI unakA pUjAtizaya hai| jJAnAtizaya arhanta bhagavAn anantajJAna, anantadarzana ke dhAraka hote haiN| unase atIta, anAgata aura vartamAna kAla kI koI bhI bAta chipI nahIM rhtii| ve trikAla aura triloka ke jJAtA hote haiM / ve sampUrNa (kevala) jJAnI, sarvajJa aura sarvadarzI hote haiM / unake jJAna kA atizaya samagra loka ko prakAzita kara detA hai| ___ uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM pArkhApatya zramaNa kezIkumAra aura bhagavAn mahAvIra ke pradhAna ziSya gautama gaNadhara ke saMvAda meM kezI zramaNa zrI gautama 1 azokavRkSaH surapuSpavRSTirdivyadhvaniravAnaramAsanaM c| bhAmaNDalaM dundubhirAtapatramaSTau mahAprAtihANi jinezvarANAm // ndhayAre tame ghore ciTThati pANiNo bhuu| ko karissai ujjoyaM, sabaloyaMmi pANiNaM ? uggao vimalo bhANU svvloyppbhNkro| so karissai ujjoyaM savvaloyaMmi pANiNaM / / bhANU ya ii ke vutte ?, kesI goymmbbvii| kesimevaM buvaMtaM tu, goyamo iNamabbavI / / ugnao khINasaMsAro samvannU jigbhrkhro| ko karissai ujjoyaM, savvaloyaMmi pANiNaM // - uttarA023, 75-76
Page #75
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : svAmI se pUchate haiM--'bhayaMkara gAr3ha andhakAra meM bahuta-se prANI raha rahe haiN| isa sampUrNa loka meM prANiyoM ke lie kauna prakAza (jJAnodyota) karegA? gautama svAmI ne kahA-"sampUrNa loka meM prakAza karane vAlA nirmala (jJAnarUpI) sUrya udita ho cukA hai| vaha saba prANiyoM ke liye prakAza kregaa|" kezIkumAra zramaNa ne gautama se punaH pUchA-"Apa sUrya kise kahate haiM ?" gautama svAmI ne batAyA-'jisakA saMsAra kSINa ho cukA hai, arthAtjisa AtmA kA saMsAra ke janma-maraNa se sambandha chUTa gayA hai, jo sarvajJa (sarvadarzI) ho gayA hai tathA (sarvajJatA ke pratibandhaka rAga-dvaSAdi zatruoM ko jItakara) jina bhAskara rUpa meM udita ho gayA hai| (vahI ajJAna evaM mithyAtvarUpI andhakAra se grasta) samagra loka ke prANiyoM ke lie prakAza kregaa| yaha hai arhanta ke jJAnAtizaya kA camatkAra ! vacanAtizaya zAstroM meM tIrthaMkaroM ko vANI (satyavacana) ke paiMtIsa atizayoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai|' vaha kramazaH isa prakAra hai 1 (ka) 'paNatIsaM saccavayaNAisesA pnnnnttaa|' -samavAyAMga, sama0 35, sU0 35 (kha) saMskAravattvamaudAtyamupacAraparItatA / meghagambhIraghoSatvaM pratinAdavidhAyitA // 1 / dakSiNatvamupanItarAgatvaM ca mahArthatA / avyAhatatvaM ziSTatvaM , saMzayAnAmasambhavaH / / 2 // nirAkRtAnyottaratvaM hRdayaMgamatA'pi ca / / mithaH sAkAMkSatA prastAvaucityaM tattvaniSThatA // 3 // aprakIrNaprasRtatvamasvazlAghAnyaninditA / AbhijAtyamatisnigdhamadhuratvaM prazasyatA // 4 // amarmavedhitaudArya-dharmArthapratibaddha tA / kArakAdyaviparyAso vibhramAdi-viyuktatA / / 5 / / citrakRttvamadbhutattvaM tathA'nati vilambitA / anekajAtivaicitryamAropitavizeSatA // 6 // sattvapradhAnatA vrnn-pd-vaakyvivikttaa| avyucchittirikhedittvaM paMcatriMzacca vAgguNAH // 7 // - abhidhAnacintAmaNi koSa, devAdhidevakANDa
Page #76
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 10 : jaina tattvakalikA (1) saMskAravattvam-tIrthaMkara bhagavAn kI vANI saMskArayukta hotI hai, arthAt-unakI vANI zabdAgama ke niyamoM se yA saMskRtAdi lakSaNoM se yukta hotI hai| (2) udAttatvam-bhagavAna kI vANI uccasvara (bulaMda AvAja) vAlo hotI hai, jise saMpUrNa samavasaraNa meM cAroM ora baiThI huI pariSad bhalIbhA~ti zravaNa kara letI hai| (3) upacAropetatvam-bhagavadvANI tucchatArahita sammAnapUrNa guNavAcaka zabdoM se yukta hotI hai, usameM grAmyatA nahIM hotii| (4) gambhIra zabda-unakI vANI meghagarjanA kI taraha sUtra aura artha se gambhIra hotI hai, athavA uccAraNa aura tattva donoM dRSTiyoM se unake vacana gahana hote haiM, jo unakI svAbhAvika yogyatA aura prabhAva ko sUcita karate haiN| (5) anunAditvam-jaise guphA meM aura zikharabaddha prAsAda meM bolane se pratidhvani uThatI hai, vaise hI bhagavAn kI vANI kI pratidhvani uThatI hai| (6) dakSiNatvam-bhagavAn ke vacana dAkSiNya-pUrNa hote haiM arthAt-ve nizchalatA aura saralatA se yukta hote haiN| (7) upanItarAgatvam-bhagavAn kI vANI mAlakoza Adi 6 rAgoM 30 rAginiyoM meM pariNata hone se zrotAoM ko maMtramugdha evaM tallona kara detI hai| upayukta sAtoM vacanAtizaya zabda-pradhAna-zabda se sambandhita haiM / Age ke zeSa 28 vacanAtizaya arthapradhAna-artha se sambandhita haiN| (8) mahArthatvam - bhagavAn kI vANI sUtrarUpa hone se usameM zabda alpa hote haiM, kintu unameM mahAn artha garbhita hotA hai ! () avyAhata paurvAparyatvam-bhagavAn kI vANI pUrvAparavirodha-rahita hotI hai| kintu anekAntavAda se yukta unake sApekSavAkya hote haiN| (10) ziSTatvaM-unakA vacana abhipretasiddhAnta kI ziSTatA-yogyatA kA sUcaka hotA hai athavA unakA bhASaNa anuzAsanabaddha hotA hai| (11) asaMdigdhatvam-bhagavAna ke vAkya asaMdigdha hote haiM, ve zrotAoM ke mana meM saMdeha utpanna nahIM karate, balki pahale se utpanna saMzaya ko miTA dete haiN|
Page #77
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 11 (12) apahRtAnyottaratvam - bhagavAn kI vANI meM kisI ke dUSaNoM kA prakAza nahIM hotA, kintu heya-jJeya - upAdeyarUpa se vastu svarUpa kA kathana hotA hai| - (13) hRdayagrAhitvam -- bhagavAn ke vacana zrotAoM ke hRdayoM ko priya lagate haiM, itane priya ki ve prasannatApUrvaka bhagavadvacanAmRta kA dattacitta hokara pAna karate haiM / (14) dezakAlAvyatItatvam bhagavAna ke vacana deza - kAlAnusArI evaM prastAvocita hote haiM / - (15) tattvAnurUpatvam -- jisa tattva kA varNana kiyA jA rahA hai, bhagavAn ke jitane bhI vAkya hoMge, usI tattva ke anurUpa usI ko prakaTa karane vAle hote haiM / (16) aprakIrNaprasRtatvam - jisa prakaraNa para vivecana kiyA jA rahA hai, usake atirikta aprastuta viSaya kA varNana bhagavAna ke vacanoM meM nahIM hotA athavA bhagavAn kI vANI meM sambandharahita ativistAra bhI nahIM hotA / (17) anyo'nyapragRhItatvam - bhagavAn kI vANI meM padoM kI paraspara sApekSatA rahatI hai / (18) abhijAtatvam - bhagavAn ke vacana AbAlavRddha - sabhI prakAra zrotAoM kI bhUmikA ke anurUpa, zuddha, spaSTa aura sarala hote haiM / (16) atisnigdhamadhuratvam - bhagavAn ke vacana ghRta ke samAna atyanta snigdha (snehayukta) aura amRta athavA madhu ke samAna madhura hote haiM, jo zrotAjanoM ko atyanta rucikara, sukhakara aura hitakara hote haiM / (20) aparamarmAvedhitvam - bhagavAn ke vacana kisI ke marmavedhI (hRdaya ko coTa pahu~cAne vAle) yA gupta rahasya ko prakaTa karane vAle nahIM hote, apitu zAntarasavaddha ke hote haiM / (21) artha - dharmAbhyAsAnapetatvam - bhagavAna kA vAkya artha aura dharma se pratibaddha hotA hai / arthAt -- unakA upadeza artha aura dharma ke svarUpa kA pratipAdaka hone se sArthaka hotA hai / (22) udAratvam -- bhagavAn abhidheya artha ke pUrNatayA pratipAdaka vAkya kA uccAraNa karate haiM / (23) paranindAtmokarSa viprayuktatvam - bhagavAn ke bacana paranindA aura AtmaprazaMsA se rahita - vItarAgatAyukta hote haiM /
Page #78
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 12 : jaina tattvakalikA (24) upagatazlAghatvam - bhagavAn ke vacana tInoM lokoM meM zlAghA~ prApta karate haiM / Azaya yaha hai ki bhagavAn ke vacana sunakara zrotA barabasa prabhAvita hokara kaha uThate haiM - 'dhanya hai, prabhu kI upadeza zailI ko; dhanya hai, ApakI vaktatvazakti ko !' (25) anapanItatvam--bhagavAn kA vAkya kAraka, vacana, kAla, liMga Adi ke vyatyayarUpa vacanadoSa se rahita hotA hai; arthAt -- vaha nirdoSa evaM susaMskRta hotA hai / (26) utpAditAcchinnakautUhalatvam -- bhagavAn kA vacana zrotAoM ke hRdaya meM avicchinnatA se ahobhAva ( kautuhalabhAva) utpanna karatA hai / (27) adbhutatvam -- bhagavAna ke vacana zrotAoM ke hRdaya meM apUrva - apUrva bhAva utpanna karane vAle hote haiM / (28) anativilambitatvam - bhagavAn kI upadeza karane kI zailI na to atyanta vilambapUrvaka hotI hai aura na hI atizIghratApUrvaka hotI hai apitu madhyama rIti se prabhAvotpAdaka zailI meM ve vyAkhyAna dete haiM / . (29) vibhrama - vikSepa - kilakicitAdi-vimuktatvam --bhagavAn ke vacana bhrAnti, cittavikSa epa, roSa-bhaya, Asakti Adi manodoSoM se rahita hote haiM, kyoMki bhagavAn ke vacana AptavAkya hote haiM, unameM kisI bhI prakAra kA manodoSa nahIM hotA / (30) aneka jAtisaMzrayA vicitratvam - bhagavAn ke vacanoM meM vastu svarUpa kA kathana naya- pramANAdi aneka jAti ke saMzraya ke kAraNa vicitratA se yukta hotA hai / (31) Ahita vizeSatvam - bhagavAn ke pavitra vacana prANimAtra ke hita vizeSa ko liye hue hote haiM / (32) sAkAratvam--bhagavAn pratyeka vAkya, artha, pada, varNana ko sphuTa kahate haiM / unake vAkya aspaSTa, mizrita yA nirarthaka nahIM hote / (33) sattvaparigRhItatvam - bhagavAn aise sAttvika vacana yA sattvazAlI vacana kahate haiM, jinase zrotAoM meM sAhasa evaM nirbhayatA kA saMcAra ho / (34) aparikheditatvam - bhagavAn anantabalI hone se solaha prahara taka dezanA dete hue bhI kheda nahIM pAte, thakate nahIM / (35) avyuccheditatvam jaba taka vivakSita arthoM kI samyak prakAra se siddhi na ho jAe, taba taka tIrthaMkara bhagavAn avicchinna rUpa se usakI siddhi samasta nayoM aura pramANoM se saba prakAra se yogyatApUrvaka karate haiM /
Page #79
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 13 isa prakAra aha' t bhagavAn ke 35 vacanAtizaya haiM / apAyApagamAtizaya samavAyAMga sUtra meM tIrthaMkaroM ke cauMtAsa atizayoM kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai, unameM se adhikAMza atizaya apAyApagamAtizaya koTi ke haiM / ve cautIsa atizaya isa prakAra haiM 1 cottIsaM buddhAisesA paNNattA, taM jahA - ( 1 ) avaTThie kesamaMsuromanahe, (2) nirAmayA niruvalevA gAyalaTThI, (3) gokkhI rapaMDure maMsasoNie, (4) paumuppalagaMdhie utsAsanissAse, (5) pacchanna AhAranIhAre adisse maMsacakkhuNA, (6) AgAsagayaM cakkaM, (7) AgAsagaya chatta, (8) AgAsagayAo seyavaracAmarAo (8) AgAsaphAliyAmayaM sapAyapIDhaM sIhAsaNaM, (10) AgAsagao kuDabhI sahassaparimaMDiyAbhirAmo iMdajjhao purao gacchai, (11) jattha- jattha vi ya NaM arahaMtA bhagavaMtA ciTThati vA nisIyaMti vA tattha tattha vi ya NaM takkhaNAdeva ( jakkhA devA) saMchannapatapuppha-pallava- samAulo sacchatto sajjhao saghaMTo sapaDAgo asogavarapAyave abhisaMjAyai; (12) Isi piTTao mauDaTThArNAmi teyamaMDalaM abhisaMjAyai, aMdhakAre vi ya NaM dasadisAo pabhAsei, (13) bahusamaramaNijje bhUmibhAge, (14) ahosirA kaMTayA jAyaMti (bhavati), (15) uU vivarIyA suhaphAsA bhavaMti (16) sIyaleNaM samaMtao surabhiNA mAruNaM joyaNaparimaMDalaM savvao samaMtao saMpamajjijjai, (17) juttaphusi - eNa meNayaM nihayaraya reNUpaMkichai; (18) jalathalaya bhAsurapabhUteNaM biTaTThAiNA dasaddhavaNNe NaM kusumeNaM jANussehappamANagamitta pupphovayari kijjai (16) amaNuNNANaM saddapharisarasarUvagaMdhANaM avakariso bhavai, (20) maNuNNANaM saddapharisa rasarUva gaMdhANaM pAu bhAvo bhavai; (21) paccAharao vi ya NaM hiyayagamaNIo joyaNa hArIsaro, (22) bhagavaM ca NaM addhamAgahIe bhAsA dhammamAikkhai, (23) sAvi ya addhamAgahI bhAsA bhAsijjamANI tesi savvesi AriyamaNAriyANaM duppaya- cauppayamiya-su-pakkhi sarIsivANaM appaNohiyasiva-suhaya bhAsattAe pariNamai, (24) puvvabaddha verA vi ya NaM devAsura-nAga suvaNNa-jakkha- rakkhasa- kinara - kipurisa garulagaMdhava mahoragA arahao pAyamUle pasaMtacittamANasA dhammaM nisAmaMti, (25) aNNaut-pAvaNiyA vi ya NamAgayA vaMdati (26) AgayA samANA arahao pAyamUle nippaDavaNA havaMti, (27) jao jao vi ya NaM arahaMto bhagavaMto viharaMti tao o vi ya NaM joyaNapaNavIsAeNaM ittI na bhavai, (28) mArI na bhavai, (29) sacakkaM na bhavai, (30) paracakkaM na bhavai, (31) aDavuTThi na bhavai, (32) aNAvuTThi na bhavai, (33) dubhikkhaM na bhavai, (34) pubvappaNNA vi ya NaM uppAiyA vAhI khippamiva uvasamaMti / - samavAyAMgasUtra, sthAna 34 vA~
Page #80
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 14 : jaina tattvakalikA (1) tIrthaMkara bhagavAn ke keza, dAr3hI-mUcha ke bAla, zarIra ke roma aura nakha; ye (puNyopArjana ke phalasvarUpa) sadaiva avasthitAvasthA meM (jisa hAlata meM hote haiM, usI hAlata meM) rahate haiN| ve maryAdA se adhika nahIM bar3hate / ... (2) unakI zarIrayaSTi nIroga aura raja, maila Adi azubha lepa se rahita-nirmala rahatI hai| (3) unake rakta aura mAMsa gAya ke dUdha se bhI adhika ujjvala evaM zveta hote haiN| .(4) unake zvAsocchvAsa padmakamala se bhI adhika sugandhita hote haiN| ___(5) unake AhAra aura nIhAra carmacakSa vAloM dvArA dikhAI nahIM dete / avadhijJAnI Adi dekha sakate haiN| . (6) jaba bhagavAn calate haiM to AkAza meM AvAja karatA huA dharmacakra calatA hai, jisase sabako mAlUma ho jAtA hai ki bhagavAn amuka deza, grAma yA nagara meM vicaraNa kara rahe haiN| (7) bhagavAna ke sira para AkAza meM eka para dUsarA aura dUsare para para tIsarA; ye tIna chatra bhI calate haiN| jisase bhagavAna trilokI ke nAtha siddha hote haiN| ___(8) AkAza meM atyanta zveta cAmara bhI calate haiM, jo devAdhideva ke lokottara rAjya ke cihna pratIta hote haiN| () AkAza ke samAna atyanta nirmala sphaTika ratnamaya pAdapITha ke sahita siMhAsana bhI AkAza meM calatA hai| (10) AkAza meM atyanta U~cA tathA sahasra laghupatAkAoM se parimaNDita atyanta manohara indradhvaja bhagavAn ke Age-Age calatA hai| jisase bhagavAn kA indratva (jinendratva) sUcita hotA hai| (11) jahA~-jahA~ arihanta bhagavAn khar3e hote haiM, yA baiThate hai, vahA~vahA~ tatkSaNa pattoM aura phUloM se yukta tathA chatra, dhvaja, ghaMTA aura patAkA ke sahita zreSTha azoka vRkSa utpanna ho jAtA hai| isase bhagavAn para chAyA ho jAtI hai| __ (12) bhagavAn ke pRSTha bhAga meM (mastaka ke pIche) mukuTa ke sthAna meM eka tejomaMDala hotA hai, jo dasoM dizAoM meM phaile hue andhakAra ko miTAkara prakAza kara detA hai| (13) bhagavAn jahA~ vicaraNa karate haiM, vaha bhUbhAga atyanta sama aura ramaNIya ho jAtA hai|
Page #81
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 15 ___(14) bhagavAn ke viharaNa-mArga meM par3e hue kAMTe adhozira (ulaTe) ho jAte haiN| (15) Rtu viparIta hone para bhI sukhada sparza vAlI ho jAtI hai| yaha bhagavAn kI puNyarAzi kA mAhAtmya hai / __(16) bhagavAna jahA~ virAjamAna hote haiM, vahA~ zItala sukhada sparzavAlI sugandhita havA se eka yojana parimita parimaNDala (kSetra) cAroM ora se pramArjita (sApha-zuddha) ho jAtA hai| (17) havA se AkAza meM ur3I huI raja (dhUla) halkI-halkI acitta jala kI vRSTi se zAnta ho jAtI hai, jisase vaha sthAna prazasta evaM ramya ho jAtA hai| (18) bhagavAn ke virAjane ke sthAna meM devoM dvArA vikriyA se nirmita acitta jalaja aura sthalaja camakIle pA~ca vargoM ke puSpoM kA ghuTane-ghuTane taka Dhera ho jAtA hai| jinakA ThaMDala (TeMTa) nIce kI ora aura mukha Upara kI ora. hotA hai| . (16) bhagavAn ke samavasaraNa meM amanojJa zabda, sparza, rasa, rUpa aura gandha kA apakarSa (nAza) ho jAtA hai| (20) (isake viparIta) manojJa zabda, sparza, rasa, rUpa aura gandha kA prAdurbhAva ho jAtA hai| (21) upadeza karate samaya bhagavAn kA svara (AvAja) eka yojana taka hotA hai, jo atimadhura aura zrotAoM hRdaya ko rucikara hotA hai| (22) tIrthaMkara bhagavAna arddhamAgadhI bhASA meM dharmakathA karate haiN| addhamAgadhI prAkRta bhASA kA eka rUpa hai| (23) usa addhamAgadhI bhASA meM jaba bhagavAna bhASaNa karate hai, taba vaha Arya-anArya, dvipada, catuSpada, maga (vanya pazu), pazu (grAmya pazu), pakSI, aura sA~pa Adi sabakI apanI-apanI hitakArI, ziva (kalyANa) kArI aura sukhakArI bhASA ke rUpa meM pariNata (tabdIla) ho jAtI hai| (24) tIrthaMkara bhagavAna ke caraNoM meM baiThe hue deva, asura, nAga, suparNa, yakSa, rAkSasa, kinnara, kimpuruSa, garur3a, gandharva, mahoraga ityAdi vividha jAti ke devagaNoM kA pahale vaira ba~dhA huA hone para bhI (tIrthaMkara bhagavAna kI pUrNa ahiMsA kI niSThA ke kAraNa unake sAnnidhya meM) ve prazAnta citta hokara dharmakathA zravaNa karate haiN| (25) tIrthaMkara bhagavAna ke atizaya ke prabhAva se svamatAbhimAnI anya tIrthika evaM prAvanika bhI sammukha Ate hI namra hokara vandanA karane lagate haiN|
Page #82
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 16 : jaina tattvakalikA (26) arhat bhagavAn ko parAjita karane ke uddezya se Aye hue vAdI arhanta bhagavAn ke caraNoM meM Ate hI niruttara (niSprativacana) ho jAte haiM / (27) jahA~-jahA~ arihanta bhagavAn vicaraNa karate haiM, usa usa dezapradeza meM paccIsa yojana taka Iti nahIM hotI, arthAt dhAnyAdi kA nAza karane vAle TiDDI, mUSaka Adi kA upadrava nahIM hotA / (28) usa deza meM 25 yojana arthAt so kosa taka mArI ( mahAmArI roga) kA upadrava nahIM hotA / (29) svacakra (apane rASTra ke zAsaka athavA apane rASTra ke Antarika vigraha ) se upadrava nahIM hotA / (30) paracakra (dUsare rASTra ke zAsakoM) kI ora se bhI koI upadrava nahIM hotA / (31) bhagavAn jahA~ vicaraNa karate haiM, usa kSetra meM ativRSTi nahIM hotI / (32) bhagavAn ke atizaya prabhAva se anAvRSTi bhI nahIM hotI / (33) vahA~ kisI prakAra kA durbhikSa (duSkAla) nahIM par3atA / (34) pUrva utpanna jvarAdi roga, utpAta, vyAdhiyA~ Adi aniSTa zIghra hI upazAnta ho jAte haiM / ina cauMtIsa atizayoM meM se dUsare se pA~caveM taka cAra atizaya tIrthaM - karoM ke janma se hote haiM / katipaya atizaya dIkSA ke pazcAt kevalajJAna hone para prakaTa hote haiM tathA kaI atizaya bhavapratyaya aura kaI devakRta mAne jAte haiM / ye sabhI atizaya tIrthaMkara nAma gotra karma ke mAhAtmya se utpanna hote hai / samavasaraNa racanAdi 11 atizaya ghAtI karmoM kA nAza hone ke pazcAt utpanna hote haiM / " 1 arihanta kA svarUpa arihanta meM do zabda hai - 'ari' aura 'hanta' / 'ari kA artha hai - rAga-dveSa Adi antaraMga zatru aura 'hanta' kA artha hai - naSTa karane vAlA / tAtparya yaha hai ki jo mumukSa AtmA adhyAtmasAdhanA ke bala para mana ke vikAroM se lar3ate haiM, vAsanAoM aura rAga-dveSAdi vikAroM se jUjhate haiM, aura anta meM inheM pUrNatayA naSTa kara DAlate haiM, ve arihanta kahalAte haiM / 1 sAgre ca gavyUtizatadvaye rujA, vairetayo mAryativRSTayaH / durbhikSa manyasvacakratobhayaM syAnneta ekAdaza karmaghAtajAH / , - abhidhAnacintAmaNi -
Page #83
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 17 vastutaH arihanta hone para ho arhanta hote haiM-surAsura-nara-munijana dvArA vandanIya-pUjanIya hote haiM, triloka kI prabhutA prApta karate haiM, anantajJAna-anantadarzana-anantacAritra-anantavIrya (zakti) rUpa ananta catuSTaya ke dhAraka hote haiM, ve akhila vizva ke jJAtA-draSTA hote haiM, aise mahApuruSa saMsAra sAgara ke antima kinAre para paha ce hue hote haiN| unake mana, vacana aura kAyA kaSAya se alipta rahate haiN| samabhAva kI parAkASThA para pahu~ce hae hote haiN| sukha-duHkha, hAni-lAbha, jIvana-maraNa, zatra-mitra, bhavana-vana, manojJa-amanojJa ina saba para ve rAga-dveSa se rahita, madhyastha va ekarasa rahate haiN| arihanta aura tIrthakara kI bhUmikA meM antara arihanta zabda vyApaka hai aura tIrthaMkara zabda vyApya / arihanta kI bhUmikA meM tIrthaMkara arihanta bhI A jAte haiM aura dUsare saba arihanta bhii| tIrthaMkara aura dUsare kevalI arihantoM meM AtmavikAsa kI dRSTi se kucha bhI antara nahIM hai| saba arihanta antaraMga meM samAna bhUmikA para hote haiN| saba kA jJAna, darzana, cAritra aura vIrya samAna hI hotA hai| sabake saba arihanta kSINamoha guNasthAna pAra karane para sayogI kevalI guNasthAna meM pUrNa vItarAga hote haiN| koI bhI nyUnAdhika nahIM hote; kyoMki kSAyika bhAva meM koI taratamatA nahIM hotii| pratyeka tIrthaMkara arihanta apane dvArA sthApita zramaNasaMgha (tIrtha) kA sarvopari adhiSThAtA hotA hai, kintu vaha arihanta dazA prApta sAdhakoM se vandana nahIM kraataa| yahI kAraNa hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kevalajJAnI tathA arihantadazA prApta apane sAta-sau ziSyoM ko apane samAna batalAyA hai, unhoMne unase vandana bhI nahIM karAyA; kyoMki AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI dRSTi se vaha barAbara kI bhUmikA hai| ___ataeva 'namo arihantANaM' pada se pratyeka kAlacakra meM hone vAle ananta-ananta tIrthaMkara koTi ke arihantoM ko namaskAra hotA hI hai, parantu unake atirikta rAma, hanumAna Adi saba arihanta dazA prApta mahApuruSoM ko, svaliMgI, anyaliMgI, gRhaliMgI, kevalI arihantoM ko tathA strI-arihantoM ko evaM puruSa arihantoM ko bhI namaskAra ho jAtA hai| kalikAlasarvajJa AcAya hemacandra ke nimnokta do zloka isI tathya ko prakAzita karate haiM bhavabIjAMkurajananA rAgAdyAH kSayamupAgatA yasya / brahmA vA viSNurvA haro jino vA namastasmai // 1 //
Page #84
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 10 : jaina tattvakalikA yatra yatra samaye yo'si so'syabhidhayA yayA tayA ! vItadoSakaluSaH sa ced eka eva bhagavannamo'stu te // 2 // ' - saMsAra-bIja ke aMkura ke janaka rAgadveSAdi jisake kSaya ho cuke haiM, vaha cAhe brahmA ho, viSNu ho, hara ho yA jina ho, use merA namaskAra hai / jisa-jisa samaya meM jo-jo, jisa kisI bhI nAma se ho gayA ho, yadi rAgAdi doSoM kI kaluSatA se atIta ho cukA hai to (mere lie) vaha eka hI hai, he bhagavan ! tumheM merA namaskAra ho / jaina dharma guNapUjaka hai, ekAnta vyaktipUjaka nahIM / isI kAraNa 'namo arihaMtANaM' meM guNavAcaka 'arihaMtANaM' pada se una saba arihantoM ko namaskAra hai, jinhoMne rAgadveSAdi Antarika zatruoM kA nAza kara diyA ho / namaskartA kI dRSTi se isa pada meM zabda rUpa namaskAra eka hai, kintu namaskaraNIya arihantoM ko bhAvadRSTi se vaha ananta ho jAtA hai / itanA saba hote hue bhI deva koTi meM tIrthaMkara rUpa arihantoM ko hI liyA gayA hai, sAmAnya kevalI arihantoM ko nahIM / yadyapi sAmAnya arihantoM aura tIrthaMkaroM ke jJAna ke viSaya meM koI antara (vizeSa) nahIM hotA, parantu tIrthaMkara rUpa arihanta ke tIrthaMkara nAmakarma avazya vizeSa hotA hai, jisake udaya ke kAraNa cauMtIsa atizaya, paiMtIsa vANI ke atizaya tathA aSTamahAprAtihArya, samasta indrapUjyatva Adi pUjAtizaya tIrthaMkararUpa arihantoM ke hote haiM, sAmAnya arihantoM ke nahIM / tIrtha kI sthApanA, karmabhUmi meM, kSatriyakula meM janma Adi vizeSatAe~ bhI tIrthaMkararUpa arihanta meM hotI haiM, sAmAnya arihantoM meM nahIM / tIrthaMkara nAmakarma ke udaya ke kAraNa hI ve aneka bhavya prANiyoM kA kalyANa karate hue mokSapada prApta kara lete haiM / yahI ina donoM meM antara hai / ataeva tIrthaMkara rUpa arhatu ko hI devakoTa meM parigaNita kiyA gayA hai / 'jina' zabda kA rahasya arihantoM yA arhantoM ke lie 'jina' 'jinezvara' yA 'jinendra' zabda bhI prayukta hotA hai / 'arhan', 'vItarAga', 'parameSThI', 'bhagavAn' Adi zabda 'jina' ke paryAyavAcI zabda haiM / isIlie 'jina' ke bhakta ko 'jaina' aura 'jina' dvArA upadiSTa dharma ko 'jaina dharma' kahA jAtA hai / 1 mahAdevastotra
Page #85
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 19 . 'jina' zabda kA vAstavika rahasya kyA hai ? ise jAnanA cAhie / 'jina' zabda 'ji' dhAtu se banA hai| ji 'dhAtU' jaya artha meM hai| ataH 'jina' zabda kA artha hotA hai-jItane vAlA (Victorious) / kise jItane vAlA? yaha yahA~ 'gupta' evaM 'adhyAhRta' hai| jainAgamoM ke avalokana se isakA rahasya jJAta ho jAtA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra kI antima dezanA ke rUpa meM mAne jAne vAle prasiddha zAstra uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM kahA gayA hai jo durjaya saMgrAma meM sahasra-sahasra yoddhAoM-zatruoM ko jIta letA hai, (use hama vAstavika jaya nahIM mAnate) eka AtmA ko jItanA hI parama jaya hai| he puruSa ! tU AtmA ke sAtha ho yuddha kara, bAhya zatruoM ke sAtha yuddha karane ro tujhe kyA lAbha hai ? jo AtmA dvArA AtmA ko jItatA hai, vahI saccA sukha prApta karatA hai|' ina udgAroM se yaha nizcita hotA hai ki yahA~ bAhya zatruoM ke sAtha lar3akara unheM jItane kI bAta nahIM, kintu Antarika zatruoM ke sAtha jUjhakara unheM jItane kI bAta hai| yaha yuddha kaise karanA ? yaha bhI yahA~ batA diyA hai ki AtmA ke dvArA AtmA ko jiitnaa| isakA artha huA-apanA Atmabala, saMkalpa-zakti aura vIryollAsa bar3hAkara antaHkaraNa meM sthita mahAn zatruoM para niyaMtraNa krnaa| jaina dharma ke anusAra antaHkaraNa ke prabala zatru haiM-rAga, dvaSa aura moh| inhIM ke kAraNa krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, kAma, taSNA Adi duSTavRttiyA~ utpanna hotI haiM, unhIM ke kAraNa karmabandhana hotA hai; jinake phalasvarUpa nAnA gatiyoM aura yoniyoM meM paribhramaNa karanA aura janma-maraNAdi duHkha sahanA hotA hai| vaise dekhA jAya to duSkRtyoM yA duttiyoM meM pravRtta AtmA (mana Adi indriya samUha) bho AtmA kA zatru bana jAtA hai / isa prakAra Antarika zatruoM kI gaNanA aneka prakAra se hotI hai| 1 jo sahassaM sahassANaM saMgAme dujjae jae / egaM jiNejja appANaM, esa se paramo jao // appANameva jujjhAhi, kiM te jujjheNa bjjho| appANameva appANaM jaittA suhamehae // -uttarAbhyayana, a06, gA0 34-35 2 appAmittamamittaM ca duppaTThiya suppaTThio / -uttarAdhyayana, a0 20, gA0 37
Page #86
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 20 : jaina tattvakalikA . tAtparya yaha hai ki jo ina Antarika zatruoM ko jIta lete haiM / ve 'jina' kahalAte haiN| bhagavadagItA meM bhI isI tathya ko ujAgara kiyA gayA hai_ 'apanI AtmA kA uddhAra AtmA (svayaM) se hI hotA hai / ataH AtmA ko patana kI ora na le jaae| AtmA hI AtmA kA bandhu hai aura AtmA hI AtmA kA zatru hai| jisane apane AtmA (mana evaM indriya-samUha) ko jIta liyA, usakA AtmA bandhu hai; parantu jisane apane AtmA ko nahIM jItA usakA AtmA hI zatru ke rUpa meM zatrutA kA bartAva karatA hai| sardI-garmI, sukha-duHkha tathA mAna-apamAna meM jisane apane AtmA ko jItA hai, aise atizAnta puruSa kA AtmA paramAtmA banatA hai| niSkarSa yaha hai ki rAga-dvaSa, moha kA sarvathA. nAza karake vItarAga yA nirmohI avasthA prApta karanA aura samasta doSoM se rahita hokara AtmabhAva meM sthita rahanA aura parama zAnta dazA kA anubhava karanA-jina-avasthA kA saccA rahasya hai| ____yogavAziSTha meM zrIrAma ke mukha se jinAvasthA prApta karane kI bhAvanA prakaTa kI gaI hai| . 'maiM rAma nahIM, mujhe kisI prakAra kI icchA nahIM, na ho aba padArthoM meM merA mana ramatA hai| jaise jina apane AtmA meM zAntabhAva se sthita rahate haiM, vaise maiM bhI zAntabhAva se rahanA cAhatA huuN|"2 bhArata meM jaina, bauddha, vaidika tInoM dharmoM kI dhArAoM meM 'jina' pada ko gauravapUrNa manAkara apane upAsya deva ko 'jina' kahalAne meM gaurava samajhA jAtA thaa| 1 uddharedAtmanA''tmAnaM nAtmAnamavasAdayet / Atmaiva hyAtmano bandhurAtmaiva ripurAtmanaH / / bandhurAtmAtmanastasya yenAtmavAtmanA jitaH / anAtmanastu zatru tve vartetAtmaiva zatra vat // jitAtmanaH prazAntasya paramAtmA samAhitaH / zItoSNa-sukhaduHkheSu tathA mAnApamAnayoH // .. -bhagavadgItA, a0 1, zlo0 5-6-7 2 nA'haM rAmo, na me vAJchA, bhAveSa na ca me manaH / - zAnta AsthAtumicchAmi, svAtmanyeva jinoyathA / / - -yogavAziSTha vairAgyaprakaraNa
Page #87
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 21 kalikAla sarvajJa hemacandrAcArya ne 'anekArtha saMgraha ' grantha meM 'jino'haMdUbuddhaviSNaSu' isa zloka dvArA yaha sUcita kiyA hai ki jaina apane upAsya arhad deva ke lie, bauddha apane upAsya deva buddha ke lie aura vaiSNava apane upAsya deva viSNu ke lie 'jina' zabda kA prayoga karate haiM / ataH yahA~ yaha spaSTa kara denA Avazyaka hai ki sAmAnya AtmA jaba 'jina' banatA hai, taba 'jina' kA artha sAmAnya kevalI arihanta hotA hai aura jaba vizeSa arihanta ke lie 'jina' zabda prayukta hotA hai, taba jina zabda se jinezvara yA jinendra (tIrthaMkara) samajhA jAtA hai / tIrthaMkara kA svarUpa 'arhan' kA eka viziSTa rUpa - 'tIrthaMkara' bhI hotA hai / 'tIrthaMkara' kA artha hai-- jo tIrtha ko banAtA hai, tIrtha kI sthApanA karatA hai / tIrtha kA zabdazaH artha hotA hai- " jisake dvArA tairA jA sake, vaha tIrtha hai / "1 tairane kI kriyA do prakAra se hotI hai / eka to jalAzaya meM rahe hue pAnI ko tairane kI aura dUsarI saMsAra rUpI sAgara ko tairane kI / ina do kriyAoM prathama kriyA jisa sthAna meM, jisase athavA jisake dvArA hotI hai, use laukika tIrtha kahate haiM; jabaki dvitIya kriyA jisake Azraya se athavA jisase, jisa sAdhana dvArA hotI hai, use lokottara tIrtha kahate haiM / loka vyavahAra meM tIrtha zabda pavitra sthAna, siddha kSa etra yA pavitra bhUmi, nadI yA sarovara ke taTavartI ghATa athavA samudra meM Thaharane ke sthAna ke artha meM prayukta hotA hai / parantu prastuta meM tIrtha kA sambandha pUrvokta lokottara tIrtha ke sAtha hai / ataH tIrtha kA artha yahA~ AgamavacanoM ke anusAra catuvidha zramaNa saMgha athavA prathama gaNadhara hai, ' athavA bhAvatIrtha jJAna darzana- cAritra hai / ataH kevalajJAna-kevaladarzana prApta hone ke bAda jo arhanta dharma kI paramparA calAne ke lie zramaNapradhAna catuvidhasaMgha, arthAt - sAdhu-sAdhvI, zrAvaka-zrAvikA rUpa cAturvarNya dharmasaMgha kI prathama gaNadhara kI athavA samyagdarzana - jJAna - cAritra rUpa bhAvatIrtha kI sthApanA karate haiM, isIlie ve tIrthaMkara kahalAte haiM / tIrthaMkara ke upadeza ke AdhAra para unake sAkSAt mukhya ziSya gaNadhara dvAdazAMgI zruta (bAraha aMgazAstroM kA samUha ) kI racanA karate haiM / ukta 1 ' tIryate'neneti tIrtham' 2 ' titthaM puNa cAuvaNNe samaNasaMghe paDhama gaNahare bA
Page #88
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 22 : jaina tatvakalikA dvAdazAMgI zruta ko bhI 'tIrtha' kahate haiM / ukta dvAdazAMgI rUpa tIrtha ke prarUpaka yA pravacanakAra hone se bhI ve tIrthaMkara kahalAte haiN|' tIrthakara zabda kI mahimA tIrthakaratva meM arhantoM kI viziSTa mahattA rahI huI hai| isa jagat meM svopakAra karane vAle to aneka mileMge, parantu svopakAra ke sAtha paropakAra karane vAle virale hI hote haiM / paropakArakartAoM meM bhI anna-pAnAdi ke dAna dene vAle to bahuta hote haiM, kintu samyagdarzana-samyagjJAna, samyakcAritra ke dAnakartA to viralAtivirala hote haiN| tIrthaMkara tIrthasthApanA dvArA isa viralAtivirala kArya kA sampAdana karate haiM aura jagat ke sabhI jIvoM para upakAra kI varSA karate haiM / isa jagat ko maMgalamaya, kalyANakArI, zrayaHsAdhaka dharma kA pavitra prakAza unake dvArA hI prApta hotA hai| isalie vizvaH para unakA upakAra sabase mahAn hai| tIrthakara deva ke aneka vizeSaNa tIrthaMkara deva kI isI paramopakAritA ko prakaTa karane vAle aneka vizeSaNa zakrastava (namotthuNaM) ke pATha meM prayukta kiye gae haiN| ve kramazaH isa prakAra haiM arihanta-AtmaguNavighAtaka cAra ghAtI karmoM ko tathA karmotpAdaka rAga-dvaSAdirUpa zatruoM ko naSTa karane vaale| bhagavAna-tIrthaMkara yA arihanta ko bhagavAn kahane kA kAraNa yaha hai ki ve 'bhaga' vAle hote haiN| yuga kI bhASA meM kaheM to, ve lokottara saubhAgya sampanna hote haiN| 'bhaga' zabda ke chaha viziSTa artha hote haiM-samagra aizvarya, sarvAMgINa rUpa athavA dharma, sarvavyApI yaza, samaya jJAnAdi zrIsampannatA, akhaNDa vairAgya aura mokSa puruSArtha kI pUrNatA / 3 (1) devendra bhaktibhAva se tIrthaMkara ke caraNoM kA sparza karate haiM aura zubhAnubandhI aSTa mahApratihAryoM dvArA unakI bhakti karate haiM, yaha aizvarya kI pUrNatA hai| 1 (ka) tIryate saMsArasamudro'neneti tIrtha, pravacanAdhArazcaturvidhaH saMgha: tatkarotIti tiirthNkr| - - (kha) 'dhammatitthayare jiNe / ' . -Avazyaka sUtra 2 namo'tthu NaM arihaMtANaM bhagavaMtANaM AigarANaM titthayarANaM sayaMsaMbuddhANaM, purisuttamAMNaM....."savvannUNaM savvadarisiNaM' ityAdi / -zakrastava pATha 3 aizvaryasya samagrasya dharmasya (rUpasya) yazasaH zriyaH / vairAgyasyAtha mokSasya (prayatnasya) SaNNAM bhaga itiijnaa||
Page #89
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 23 (2) arihanta kA rUpa atizaya sundara hotA hai / yadi samasta deva milakara apanA rUpa a~gUThe jitane pramANa meM saMgRhIta kareM to bhI ve arihanta bhagavAn ke caraNa ke a~gUThe kI samAnatA nahIM kara sakate / athavA bhagavAn meM samyagdarzanAdi ratnatrayarUpa dharma athavA sUtra cAritra rUpa dharma, athavA dAnazIlatapobhAva rUpa dharma sarvotkRSTa rUpa meM vikasita hotA hai / (3) rAga-dveSa, parISaha evaM upasargoM kA nivAraNa karane ke kAraNa arihantoM kA yaza sarvatra phailatA hai, yaha unake yaza kI paripUrNatA hai / (4) unameM kevala jJAnAdi zrI (lakSmI) kI bhI paripUrNatA hai / (5) ve saMsAra, zarIra aura zarIra sambandhita vastuoM ke prati tathA indriyAdi viSayaka bhogopabhogoM ke prati sarvathA virakta, anAsakta rahate haiM / (6) tIrthaMkara ke cAhe jaise aura cAhe jitane ghora aura kaThora karma hoM, usI bhava meM pUrNa puruSArtha dvArA unakA pUrNatayA kSaya karake mokSa ke adhikArI banate haiM, yaha unake mokSapuruSArtha ( prayatna) kI pUrNatA hai / Adikara - apane - apane zAsana (saMgha) kI apekSA se zruta cAritrarUpa dharma kI Adi karane vAle / tIrthaMkara - dharmatIrtha aura catuvidha zramaNa saMgha kI sthApanA karane vAle / svayaMsambuddha -- guru Adi kisI ke upadeza ke binA svayameva pratibodha ko prApta hokara svayameva pravrajita hote haiM / purisuttamANaM - eka hajAra ATha uttama lakSaNa tathA atula bala, vIrya, sattva aura parAkrama Adi guNoM se sampanna hone se bhagavAn samasta puruSoM meM paramottama puruSa hote haiM / tIrthaMkara mAnavarUpa meM avazya janma lete haiM, kintu ve sAmAnya koTi ke mAnava nahIM hote, ve mahAmAnava yA asAdhAraNa mAnava yA nitze kI bhASA meM suparamena (Superman ) hote haiM / suprasiddha yogI aravinda ghoSa ne kahA thA- isa jagat meM asAdhAraNa kArya karane ke lie asAdhAraNa Atmabala ke sAtha zarIra bhI asAdhAraNa koTi kA honA cAhie / jaina zAstroM meM batAyA hai ki jo puruSa samasta bhUmaNDala ko jItakara cakravartI pada prApta karate haiM, unameM jitanA bala, vIrya, aizvarya, sattva aura parAkrama hotA hai, usase anantaguNA bala, vIrya, aizvarya sattva aura parAkrama tIrthaMkaroM meM hotA hai / unake zarIra kI AkRti samAnupAtI aura racanA ati
Page #90
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 24 : jaina tattvakAlikA sundara (samacaturasra saMsthAna vAlI) hotI hai tathA unake zarIra kA gaThana uttama koTi kA evaM sudRr3ha (vajraRSabhanArAca saMhanana) hotA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki atyanta AtmabalI naravIra tIrthaMkara ghora parISahoM aura upasargoM ko samabhAvapUrvaka sahana kara lete haiM, kuTila karmazatruoM, rAgadvaSAdi ripuoM aura kaSAyoM ke sAtha yuddha karake una para vijaya prApta kara lete haiM, ve kaThora se kaThora sAdhanA utsAhapUrvaka karake Atmazuddhi kara sakate haiN| isa prakAra puruSoM meM sarvottamatA dhAraNa karane vAle hone se bhagavAn puruSottama haiN| puruSasiMha-siMha kI taraha nirbhaya aura zUravIra hokara pASaNDiyoM ko parAsta karate hue svapratita mArga meM pravRtta hote haiN| puruSavarapuNDarIka-zrISTha puNDarIka kamala ke samAna kAmarUpI kocar3a aura bhogarUpa jala se alipta rahakara mahAdivya yazaH saurabha meM ve anupama haiN| puruSavaragandhahasti-ve puruSoM meM zreSTha gandhahastI ke samAna parISahoM aura upasargoM kI paravAha na karate hue muktipatha para Age bar3hate hI jAte haiN| . lokottama-bAhya (aSTamahAprAtihArya Adi) aura Antarika (anantajJAnAdi) sampatti ke kAraNa samagra loka meM samasta jIvoM meM uttama / : lokanAtha-kalyANamArga kA yoga kSema karane se loka ke naath| lokahitakara-upadeza aura pravRtti se samasta loka ke hitkrtaa| lokapradIpa-bhavyajIvoM ke hRdaya-sadanastha mithyAtvAndhakAra ko miTAkara jJAnarUpI prakAza dvArA satyAsatya prakAzaka lokdiipk| .. . lokapradyotakara-janma ke samaya tathA kevalajJAna ke bAda jJAnAloka dvArA sUrya ke samAna samasta loka ke prakAzaka / ... abhayadAtA-sarvajIvoM ko abhayadAna dene vAle tathA sAta prakAra ke bhayoM se mukta karane vaale| cakSa dAtA-jJAnacakSuoM para ba~dhI hue jJAnAvaraNa rUpI paTTI ko haTAkara jJAnarUpa cakSu dene vaale| mArgadAtA-anAdikAla se mArga bhUle hue tathA saMsArATavI meM phaMse hue prANI ko mokSamArga ke pradarzaka / zaraNadAtA-cAra gatiyoM ke duHkhoM se trANa pAne hetu zaraNa meM Ae hue jIvoM ko jJAnarUpa subhaTa kA zaraNa dene vaale| ... jIvanadAtA-mokSa sthAna taka pahu~cAne ke lie saMyamarUpa jiivndaataa| bodhidAtA-bhavya jIvoM ko bodhilAbha dene vaale|
Page #91
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 25 dharmadAtA-Atmonnati se girate hue jIvoM ko dhAraNa karake rakhane vAle zra ta-cAritra rUpa dharma ke daataa| dharmadezaka-dharma ke yathArtha svarUpa ke upadezaka / dharmanAyaka-caturvidha saMgha rUpa dharma ke rakSaka, pravartaka aura netA (aguaa)| dharmasArathI-caturvidha tIrtha ko dharmarUpa ratha meM biThAkara unmArga se bacAkara sanmArga se mokSa nagara meM le jAne vAle dhrmsaarthii| dharmavaracAtarantacakravartI-dharma ke pUrNa AcaraNa dvArA cAroM gatiyoM (janma-maraNa) kA anta karane vAle dhrmckrvrtii| __ apratihatajJAna-darzanadhara-apratihata (nirAbAdha) jJAna-darzana ke dhaark| vivatachama-chamastha (sarAga) avasthA se nivRttaM / AtmapradezoM ko AcchAdana karane vAle ghAtI karmoM se rahita / jina-rAga-dvaSAdi aMtaraMga zatruoM ke svayaM vijetaa| jAyaka-anyajanoM (apane anuyAyiyoM) ko antaraMga zatruoM se jitAne vAle; jItane kI yukti batAne vaale| tIrNa-svayaM saMsAra samudra se pAraMgata-tire he| tAraka-dUsaroM ko sanmArgopadeza dvArA saMsAra samudra se pAra utArane vaale| buddha-svayaM samasta tattvoM kA sampUrNa bodha prApta / , bodhaka-anya (bhavya) jIvoM ko bodha prApta karane vaale| makta-rAga-dveSa ke kAraNa utpanna hone vAle karmabandhanoM se mukta / mocaka-saMsArI prANiyoM ko karma jaMjAla se mukta karAne vaale| sarvajJa-sarvadarzI-samasta padArthoM ko apane pUrNa jJAna se jAnane vAle tathA dekhane ke svabhAva vAle, srvjnyaataa-srvdrssttaa| ..abhidhAna cintAmaNi meM bhI tIrthaMkaroM ke aneka nAmoM (vizeSaNoM) kA ullekha milatA hai| jaise-arhan, jina, pAragata (saMsAra samudra ke pAraMgata), trikAlavit, kSINASTakarmA (jJAnAvaraNIyAdi aSTakarmoM kA kSaya karane vAle), parameSThI (parama-utkRSTa jJAna-darzana-cAritra meM sthita), adhIzvara (jagat ke jIvoM ke AzrayabhUta), zambhu (sanAtana sukhasamudAya meM rahane vAle), svayambhU (apane bhavyatvAdi kI sAmagrI kA paripAka hone se dUsaroM ke upadezaka binA svayaM prabuddha hone vAle), bhagavAn, jagatprabhu, tIrthakara, syAdvAdI, abhayada, sArva (sarva prANiyoM ke lie hitakArI), sarvajJa, sarvadarzI, kevalI, devAdhideva,
Page #92
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 26 : jaina tattvakalikA bodhida, puruSottama, vItarAga evaM Apta (jIvoM ke hitaiSI, hitopadeSTa) Adi / ' bhaktAmarastotra meM bhI stuti karate hue unheM nimnokta zabdoM (vizeSaNoM) se sambodhita kiyA gayA hai-avyaya (cayApacaya ko prApta na hone vAle, sarvakAla meM sthira), vibhu (jJAna se trilokavyApI, athavA parama aizvarya se sazobhita yA indroM ke svAmI), acintya (AdhyAtmika puruSoM dvArA acintanIya), Adya (paMcaparameSThiyoM meM prathama yA sAmAnya kevalIjanoM meM mukhya), brahma (kevalajJAna yA nirvANa pAne vAle), Izvara (sakala surAsuranaranAyakoM para zAsana karane meM samartha), ananta (anantacatuSTaya dhAraka, anantaguNa sampanna), anaMgaketu (kAmadeva ke lie zatra samAna), yogIzvara, viditayoga (yoga jinako bhalI-bhA~ti jJAta ho cukA hai), aneka (guNa-paryAya kI apekSA se aneka), eka (advitIya yA Arhantya kI apekSA se eka), jJAnasvarUpa (sampUrNa jJAnamaya), amala (maloM-karmamaloM-doSoM se, vikAroM se sarvathA rhit)| isa prakAra anya aneka nAmoM evaM vizeSaNoM se tIrthaMkara bhagavAn kI stuti kI jAtI hai| jinasahasranAma stotra meM jinendra bhagavAn ke 1008 nAmoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai / arihantoM (tIrthaMkaroM) ke mukhya 12 guNa tIrthaMkara bhagavAn nimnalikhita mukhya 12 guNoM se yukta hote haiM- . (1) anantajJAna, (2) anantadarzana, (3) anantacAritra, (4) anantatapa, (5) anantabalavIrya, (6) anantakSAyika samyaktva, (7) vajraRSabhanArAcasaMhanana, (8) samacaturasrasaMsthAna, (9) cauMtIsa atizaya, (10). paiMtIsa vANI ke atizaya (guNa), (11) eka hajAra ATha lakSaNa aura (12) cauMsaTha indroM ke pajya / 1 arhan jinaH pAragatastrikAlavita kSINASTakarmA parameSThyadhIzvaraH / zambhuH svayambhUrbhagavAn jagatprabhuH tIrthaMkarastIrthakaro jinezvaraH // 1 // syAdvAdyabhayada-sArvAH sarvajJaH srvdshi-kevlinii| devAdhideva-bodhida-puruSottama-vItarAgA''ptAH ||2||-abhidhaan0 devAdhidevakANDa 2 tvAmavyayaM vibhumacintyamasaMkhyamAdya, brahmANamIzvaramanantamanaMgaketum / .... yogIzvaraM viditayogamanekameka, jJAnasvarUpamamalaM pravadanti santaH // -bhaktAmara stotra zlo0 24 3 apAyApagamAtizaya aura vAgatizaya kA varNana pahale kiyA jA cukA hai| 4 anyatra anantajJAnAdi cAra aura pUrvokta aSTamahAprAtihArya milakara tIrthaMkaroM ke . 12 guNa batAye gaye haiN|
Page #93
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 27 - bhagavAn ke ina aura pUrvokta kiJcit guNagaNoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| vastutaH dekhA jAe to tIrthaMkara bhagavAn Atma-vikAsa kI parAkASThA ko, paramAtmadazA ko tathA sampUrNa vizuddha-cetanAsvabhAva ko prApta kara cukane ke kAraNa ananta-ananta guNoM ke dhAraka haiN| unake samasta guNoM kA varNana yA kathana nitAMta asaMbhava hai| tIrthaMkaroM kA lakSaNa : aSTAdazadoSarahitatA - prAcInakAla meM aneka viziSTaguNasampanna yA bauddhikapratibhA sampanna vyakti the, jo vAkpaTu evaM dharmopadezakuzala the| ve vAkkauzala athavA hasta-kauzala, sammohana athavA maMtra-taMtra-jyotiSa Adi vidyAoM ke prayoga se camatkAra batAkara jina, tIrthakara yA arhat kahalAne lage the| __ bhagavAn mahAvIra ke yuga meM hI zramaNoM ke cAlIsa se adhika sampradAya the| jinameM se chaha prasiddha zramaNasampradAyoM kA ullekha bauddha sAhityameM bhI AtA hai| ve kramazaH isa prakAra the 1. akriyAvAdaM kA pravataka-pUraNakAzyapa / . 2. niyativAda kA pravartaka-makkhalI gozAla (AjIvaka aacaary)| .3. ucchedavAda kA aacaay-ajitkeshkmblii| 4. anyo'nyavAda kA AcArya-pakuddha kAtyAyana / 5. cAturyAma-saMvaravAda ke prarUpaka-nigrantha jnyaatputr| 6. vikSa pa(saMzaya)vAda kA AcArya-saMjayavelaThThiputra / / inameM se prAyaH sabhI apane anuyAyiyoM dvArA tIrthakara' yA 'jina' athavA 'arhat' kahe jAte the| buddha bhI jina evaM arhat kahalAte the / gozAlaka tathA z2amAlI bhI apane Apako jina yA tIrthaMkara kahate the| sabhI ke bhaktoM aura anuyAyiyoM ne apane-apane ArAdhya puruSa ke jIvana ke sAtha devoM kA Agamana, amuka-amaka siddhiyoM kI prApti, maMtra-taMtrAdi se AkAza meM ur3anA, pAnI para calanA, tathA anya vaibhavapUrNa ADambaroM se janatA kI bhIr3a ikaTThI kara lenA Adi kucha na kucha camatkAra jor3a diye the| isa kAraNa vAstavika tIrthaMkara jina yA arhat kI parIkSA sahasA nahIM ho pAtI thii| camatkAroM aura ADambaroM ke nIce tIrthaMkaratva yA Ahetpada daba gayA thaa| . uparyukta paMktiyoM meM jo bAraha mukhya guNa arihanta ke batAye haiM, inameM se adhikAMza to atizaya haiM, bAkI rahe ananta-jJAnAdi; inakI acAnaka koI bhI pahicAna nahIM ho sakatI, kyoMki ye Atmika vibhUtiyA~ haiM, bhautika nhiiN| isIlie 1 visuddhimaggo
Page #94
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 28 : jaina tattvakalikA AcArya samantabhadra ne devAgamastotra (aSTasahasrI) meM tIrthaMkara ko camatkAroM aura atizayoM ke gaja se nApane se asahamati prakaTa kI aura unheM camatkAroM ke AvaraNa se nikAlakara yathArthavAda ke Aloka meM dekhane kA prayatna kiyaa| unakA prasiddha zloka hai "devAgama-nabhoyAna-cAmarAdi vibhuutyH| mAyAviSvapi dRzyante nAtastvamasi no mahAn // "1 "bhagavan ! devatAoM kA Agamana, AkAza-vihAra, chatra-cAmara Adi vaibhava aindrajAlika jAdUgaroM ke bhI ho sakate haiN| ina kAraNoM se Apa hamAre lie mahAn (mahanIya-pUjanIya) nahIM ho sakate / Apa isalie mahAn haiM ki ApakI vANI ne vastu ke yathArtha svarUpa (satya) ko anAvRta kiyA thaa|" ___AcArya hemacandra ne bhI isI yathArthavAda kI dhArA kA avalambana liyaa| unhoMne kahA- "Apake caraNakamala meM indra loTate the, isa bAta kA dUsare dArzanika khaNDana kara sakate haiM yA apane iSTadeva ko bhI indrapUjita kaha sakate haiM, kintu Apane jina akATya siddhAntoM yA vastutattva kA yathArtha nirUpaNa kiyA. usakA ve kaise nirAkaraNa kara sakate haiM ?"2 , jaina AgamoM meM tathA prAcIna AcAryoM dvArA isakA samAdhAna dUsare pahalU se bhI kiyA gyaa| unake kathana kA phalitArtha yaha thA ki atizayoM Adi se tIrthaMkara bhagavAn kI pahacAna karane meM AnAkAnI yA saMkoca ho to dasarI kasauTI hai-aThAraha doSoM se rahita hone kii| vAstavikatA yaha hai ki cAra ghanaghAtI karmoM kA nAza hone para arhanta-avasthA prakaTa hotI hai| ghAtikarmoM se rahita hone para arhanta bhagavantoM meM kisI prakAra kA vikAra yA doSa nahIM raha sakatA / jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, mohanIya aura antarAya, ye cAra AtmaguNaghAtI karma hI vikAroM yA doSoM ko utpanna karate haiN| ina cAroM ghAtikarmoM kA nAza ho jAtA hai to AtmA vibhAva pariNati kA sarvathA tyAga karake svabhAva pariNati meM A jaataahai| aisI sthiti meM vItarAga AtmA nirdoSa, nirvikAra evaM niSkalaMka ho jAtA hai| ataeva tIrthaMkara-vAstavika tIrthaMkara yA arhanta vahI hai, jo samasta doSoM se rahita- atIta ho / 1 devAgamastotra, zloka-1 2 "kSipyeta vAnyaiH sadRzIkriyeta vA, tavAMghripIThe luThanaM surezituH / . idaM yathAvasthita vastudezanaM, paraiH kathaMkAramapAkariSyate // - anyayoga-vyavacchedadvAtriMzikA 12
Page #95
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 26 prastuta meM tIrthakara ko jo aThAraha doSoM se rahita batalAyA hai, ve to upalakSaNamAtra haiN| ina doSoM kA abhAva to arihanta ko bAhya pahicAna hai, inhIM doSoM ke abhAva se unameM samasta doSoM kA abhAva samajhanA caahie| aThAraha doSa rahitatA tIrthaMkara bhagavAn meM nimnalikhita aThAraha doSoM' kA abhAva hotA hai (1-5) pA~ca antarAya-tIrthaMkara bhagavAn ke antarAya karma kA kSaya ho jAne se unameM dAnAntarAya, lAbhAntarAya, bhogAntarAya, upabhogAntarAya aura vIryAntarAya ye pA~ca doSa nahIM rhte| dAnAntarAya karma ke kSaya ho jAne se tIrthaMkara arihantaprabhu meM dAna dene kI ananta zakti utpanna ho jAtI hai| ve cAheM to vizva bhara kA dAna kara sakate haiN| isI prakAra lAbhAntarAya ke kSaya se lAbha kI ananta zakti utpanna ho jAtI hai / vIryAntarAya ke kSaya se ananta Atmika zakti utpana ho jAtI hai / bhogAntarAya evaM upabhogAntarAya karma ke kSaya se bhogya (eka bAra bhogane yogya) aura upabhogya (bAra-bAra bhogane yogya) padArthoM ko bhogane kI ananta zakti utpanna ho jAtI hai| ___tAtparya yaha hai ki antarAya karma kI pA~ca mUla prakRtiyoM ke kSaya karane se pA~coM hI anupama zaktiyA~ utpanna ho jAtI haiN| yaha bAta avazya hai ki tIrthakaroM ke mohanIya karma kA sarvathA kSaya ho jAne ke kAraNa antarAya karma ke kSaya se utpanna ye zaktiyA~ vikAra bhAva ko prApta nahIM hotii| ataH ananta zakti prApta tIrthakara apanI zakti kA durupayoga kabhI nahIM karate / 1 (ka) antarAyA dAna-lAbha-vIrya bhogopabhogAH / hAsyo ratyaratI bhItirjugupsA zoka eva ca // 1 // kAmo mithyAtvamajJAnaM nidrA cAviratistathA / rAgo dveSazca no doSAsteSAmaSTAdazA'pyamI // 2 // (kha) jainatattva prakAza Adi granthoM meM tIrthaMkara arihanta bhagavAn ko nimnokta 18 doSoM se rahita batAyA gayA hai-(1)mithyAtva, (2) ajJAna, (3) mada, (4) krodha, (5) mAyo, (6) lobha, (7) rati, (8) arati, (6) nidrA, (10) zoka, (11) alIka, (12) caurya, (13) matsaratA, (14) bhaya, (15) hiMsA, (16) preya (prema), (17) kor3A aura (18) hAsya / / -janatattvaprakAza pR0 16 se 18 taka
Page #96
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 30 : jaina tattvakalikA koI kaha sakatA hai ki antarAya karma ke nAza se utpanna zaktiyoM kA lAbha tIrthaMkara ko kyA huA ? isa zaMkA kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki unakI ye pA~coM zaktiyA~ AtmabhAvoM meM ramaNa karane meM, brahmacarya meM, sarvabhUta vAtsalya evaM Atmavat sarvabhUteSu Adi meM lagatI haiM / jaise kisI vyakti ko lakSmI kI prApti huI, to kyA use madirApAna, mAMsabhakSaNa, dya ta karma, vezyAgamana Adi meM lagAne se usane prApta lakSmI kA lAbha liyA kahA jA sakatA hai ? kadApi nahIM / ataH tIrthaMkara ananta zaktiyoM ke prakaTa ho jAne para bhI sadaiva nirvikAra avasthA meM rahate haiM / (6) hAsya - tIrthaMkara bhagavAna hAsyarUpa doSa se rahita hote haiM / hAsya cAra kAraNoM se utpanna hotA hai / yathA - ( 1 ) hAsyapUrvaka (ha~sI majAka meM) bAta karane se, (2) hAsyakArI bAta sunane se, (3) ha~sate hue ko dekhane se aura (4) hAsyotpAdaka bAta kA smaraNa karane se / niSkarSa yaha hai ki hAsya apUrva bAta ke kAraNa utpanna hotA hai aura tIrthaMkara sarvajJa aura sarvadarzI hote haiM / aisI sthiti meM unake lie apUrva bAta koI ho hI nahIM sakatI; kyoMki ve to tInoM kAloM aura tInoM lokoM kI sabhI bAteM pratyakSa dekhate jAnate haiM / ataH arhanta prabhu hAsyarUpa doSa se sarvathA rahita hote haiM / (7) rati- iSTavastu kI prApti se hone vAlI khuzI yA prIti rati kahalAtI hai / yaha mohanIya karma ke udaya se hotI hai / tIrthaMkara avedI, akaSAyI, vItarAga hone se unameM mohanIya karma kA sarvathA abhAva hotA hai / ataH ve tilamAtra bhI ratidoSa kA anubhava nahIM karate / (8) arati - aniSTa aura amanojJa vastu ke saMyoga se hone vAlI aprIti, aruci, aprasannatA yA dveSa bhAvanA arati kahalAtI hai / arihanta bhagavAn samabhAvI hone se kisI bhI duHkhaprada saMyoga yA aniSTa padArtha ke saMyoga se unheM aprIti yA dveSa bhAvanA nahIM hotI / ataH ve aratidoSa se sarvathA rahita haiM / (9) bhIti - bhagavAn saba prakAra ke bhayoM se mukta hote haiM / bhaya sAta prakAra ke haiM - ( 1 ) ihaloka bhaya, (2) paraloka bhaya, (3) AdAna (atrANa) bhaya, (4) akasmAtbhaya, (5) AjIvikAbhaya, (6) apayaza - bhaya aura (7) maraNa bhaya / bhaya utpanna hotA hai - mohanIya karma ke bhagavAn to ananta zaktimAna - haiM aura mohanIya bhadoSa se sarvathA rahita haiM / udaya se alpasatva vAloM ko / karma rahita haiM / ataH bhagavAn
Page #97
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 31 (10) jugupsA-bhagavAn jugupsA-ghRNA se bilakula rahita haiM / ghRNA rAgI aura dvapI AtmA ko hI utpanna ho sakatI hai| bhagavAn to rAga-dveSa se sarvathA rahita haiN| ghRNA vAlA puruSa mArdava bhAva se rahita hotA hai jabaki bhagavAn mArdava gRNa se vibhUSita haiM / vItarAga prabhu apane kevalajJAna meM pratyeka padArtha ke ananta-ananta paryAyoM ko yathAvasthita rUpa meM dekhate haiM / taba bhalA ve kisI padArtha para ghRNA kaise kara sakate haiM ? ataH ve jagapsA doSa se bhI rahita haiN| (11) zoka-bhagavAn zoka se bhI rahita haiM, kyoMki harSa aura zoka rAga-dvaSayakta yA saMyoga-viyoga ke rasa se yukta vyakti ko hI ho sakatA hai| khAsakara iSTa vastu ke viyoga se zoka, cintA evaM mAnasika azAnti hotI hai| arihanta bhagavAn rAga-dveSarahita haiM, unake lie koI bhI vastu na to iSTa hai, na aniSTa tathA paravastu ke sAtha unakA rAga-dvaSa yukta saMyoga bhI nahIM hotA / ataH viyoga kA unake lie koI prazna hI nahIM hai| ataH bhagavAn zoka rUpa doSa se rahita haiN| (12) kAma-bhagavAn kAmadoSa se bhI sarvathA rahita hote haiM, kyoMki kAmavAsanA mohanIya karma ke udaya se hI hotI hai, bhagavAn to mohanIya karma kA pahale hI kSaya kara cukate haiM aura phira kAmI AtmA kabhI sarvajJa ho hI nahIM sakatI jabaki bhagavAn sarvajJa hote haiN| ataH ve kAmadoSa se sarvathA mukta hote haiN| (13) mithyAtva-bhagavAn mithyAtva ke doSa se bhI sarvathA mukta hote haiN| padArthoM ke svarUpa ko viparIta rUpa se jAnanA-mAnanA aura viparIta zraddhA rakhanA mithyAtva hai| mithyAtva-dazA meM par3e hue jIva sadbodha se rahita hote haiN| mithyAtvagrasta jIva bAra-bAra janma-maraNa karatA hai, nAnA prakAra ke mithyA prapaMca saMsAra meM racatA hai| kintu bhagavAna ke darzanamohanIya karma kA kSaya ho jAne se ve mithyAtva kI samasta prakRtiyA~ naSTa kara cuke haiM, kevala jJAna-kevaladarzana utpanna ho jAne ke kAraNa ve pUrNa jJAna aura pUrNa bodhi (darzana) se yukta haiN| tIrthakara pada prApta karane ke bAda bhAvI janma-maraNa ke cakra se sarvathA rahita ho jAte haiM, sAMsArika mithyA prapaMca karane kA to unake lie koI prazna hI nahIM hai| ataH tIrthaMkara bhagavAn mithyAtva doSa se sarvathA rahita hote haiN| (14) ajJAna-samyagjJAna na honA athavA viparIta jJAna honA
Page #98
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 32 : jaina tatvakalikA ajJAna hai| jJAna na hone kA kAraNa jJAnAvaraNIya karma hai aura viparIta jJAna hone kA kAraNa mohanIya karma hai / tIrthaMkara bhagavAn ina donoM karmoM se sarvathA mukta haiM / jaise--sUryodaya hote hI andhakAra bhAga jAtA hai, vaise hI kevalajJAnarUpI sUryodaya hote hI bhagavAn kA samasta ajJAna timira bhAga cukA hotA hai / ataH sarvajJa - sarvadarzI kevalI bhagavAn meM ajJAna-bhAva lezamAtra bhI nahIM hotA hai / (15) nidrA - nidrA kA kAraNa darzanAvaraNIya karma kA udaya hai / bhagavAn to isa karma kA pahale se hI kSaya kara cuke hote haiM / jaba nidrA kA kAraNa hI naSTa ho gayA, taba phira bhagavAn ko nidrArUpa kArya kI prApti kaise ho sakatI hai ? sarvajJa tIrthaMkara prabhu jJAnAvaraNoyAdi cAra ghAtikarmoM. se rahita hone se sadAkAla jAgRtAvasthA meM rahate haiM / yadi bhautika dRSTi kI pramukhatA mAnakara yaha tarka diyA jAe ki nidrA kA mukhya kAraNa AhArAdi hai / gariSThAdi AhAra karane se nIMda AtI hai, to yaha kathana bhI yuktisaMgata nahIM hai / pahale kahA jA cukA hai ki nidrA kA mUla kAraNa darzanAvaraNIya karma hai jabaki kSudhA kA kAraNa vedanIya karma kA udaya hai / kevalI bhagavAn ke sAtA vedanIyakarma kA udaya to rahatA hai, kintu nidrA ke kAraNabhUta darzanAvaraNIya karma kA astitva bhI nahIM rahatA / ataH AhArAdi kAraNoM se nidrAdi kAryoM kI kalpanA karanA sarvathA ayukta hai / ataeva tIrthaMkara nidrA doSa se rahita hote haiM / (16) avirati - tIrthaMkara viratiyukta hote haiM ataeva ve apratyAkhyAnI nahIM hote, kintu pratyAkhyAnI aura apramatta saMyata pada dhAraka hote haiM / ataeva ve avirati doSa se bhI mukta hote haiM / (17) rAga - rAgarUpa doSa se to bhagavAn sarvathA rahita hI hote haiM / kyoMki rAga kA kAraNa mohanIya karma hai, jisakA sadA ke lie ve kSaya kara cukate haiN| agara tIrthaMkara kA padArthoM para athavA apane saMgha, bhakta, zarIra Adi para rAgabhAva banA rahA to vaha sarvajJa nahIM ho sakatA / rAgayukta vyakti alpajJoM ke samAna saMsAra meM rahegA taba taka anarthakArI kukRtya karegA, unake duHkhajanaka pariNAma bhI janmamaraNarUpa saMsAra meM bhramaNa karatA huA bhogegA / rAga meM mAyA aura lobha kA bhI antarbhAva ho jAtA hai / phalataH rogI AtmA ko mAyA aura lobha se yukta bhI mAnanA par3egA / vItarAga sarvajJa bhagavAn ina sabase pare hone ke kAraNa unameM lezamAtra bhI doSa nahIM ho sakatA /
Page #99
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 33 (18) dvaSa-votarAga prabhu dveSa se bho sarvathA rahita hote haiM, kyoMki jaba unake AtmA meM kisI padArtha para rAgabhAva nahIM rahA, taba unameM dvaSabhAva bhI nahIM raha sakatA; kyoMki rAgI AtmA meM eka padArtha para rAga hogA, to dUsare padArtha para duSabhAva avazyameva hogA aura jisa AtmA meM rAga-dvaSa vidyamAna raheMge. usa AtmA ko sarvajJa-sarvadarzI kase mAnA jA sakegA ? phira to hamArI taraha bhagavAn bhI rAgI-duSI kahalAeMge, kintu ve aise nahIM haiN| ve to rAga-dveSa se sarvathA rahita hote haiN| ___ yadi yaha kahA jAe ki jaba prabhu abhayadAna, prANidayA, jIvarakSA Adi kA upadeza dete haiM, preraNA karate haiM, jIvoM ko isa prakAra bacAte haiM, taba kyA usa-usa jIva para unakA rAga nahIM hotA? yaha kathana bhI yukti-viruddha hai; kyoMki rAga svArthabhAva hai jabaki karuNA, dayA, rakSA Adi niHsvArthabhAva se kI jAtI hai| rAga tIna prakAra ke hote haiM-kAmarAga (viSayoM para), sneharAga (sambandhiyoM tathA mitroM para) aura dRSTirAga (apanI mAnyatAoM aura dhAraNAoM pr)| ye tInoM prakAra ke rAga AzA, pratiphala aura svAtha se yukta hote haiM, jabaki bhagavAn ke dvArA kRta yA upadiSTa karuNA Adi AzA, pratiphala aura svArtha se rahita hote haiN| yadi yaha kahA jAe ki karuNA, dayA Adi kriyAoM ke phalasvarUpa bhagavAn ko bhI karmabandha hotA hai, jisakA phala bhI unheM bhoganA pdd'egaa| isa zaMkA kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki bhagavAn sarvajIvoM ke prati maitrI, dayAmaya citta se evaM vAtsalya bhAva se prerita hokara prANimAtra kI rakSA kA upadeza karate haiM;' na ki rAga-dveSa bhAvoM ke vazIbhUta hokara / vAstavikatA yaha hai ki karmoM ke bandhana ke mukhya kAraNa rAga-dveSa haiM, na ki dayAbhAva, karuNA, vAtsalya Adi / ye to bhagavAna ke svAbhAvika nijaguNa haiN| jaise sUrya kA nijaguNa-prakAza svAbhAvika hotA hai, vaise hI bhagavAn kA sarvajIvoM ke prati vAtsalyabhAva svAbhAvika guNa hai| jaise dIpaka dvArA prakAza karane kI icchA vAle vyakti ko usa prakAza ke katipaya anya sahakArI padArthoM ko ekatra karanA par3atA hai, kintu sUrya ko prakAza ke lie kisI bhI 1 'savvajagajjIvarakkhaNadayaTTayAe pAvayaNaM bhagavayA sukahiyaM / -praznavyAkaraNasUtra 2 jayai jagajIvajoNI viyANao jagaguru jgaannNdo| jagaNAho, jagabandhU, jayai jagappiyAmaho bhayavaM // . -nandIsUtra, vIrastuti gA0 1
Page #100
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 34 : jaina tattvakalikA sahakArI padArtha kI AvazyakatA nahIM rahatI / sUrya kA prakAza ekarasamaya hotA hai / ThIka isI taraha rAgAdi dvArA jIvoM kI rakSA dIpakaprakAza tulya hotI hai, parantu vItarAga bhAva se kI jAne vAlI rakSA, dayAdirUpa pravRtti sUryaprakAzatulya ekarasamaya hotI hai / ataH bhagavAn ke dvArA kRta yA upadiSTa karuNA, dayA, vAtsalya Adi rAgAdi kI yA karmabandhana kI kalpanA karanA unakI vItarAgatA, nirmohatA Adi ko jhuThalAnA hai aura vyartha hI una para kIcar3a uchAlanA hai / vItarAga prabhu rAga-dveSa Adi se sarvathA alipta rahate haiM / isa prakAra tIrthaMkara arihanta pUrvokta aThAraha doSoM se sarvathA rahita hote haiM / tIrthaMkara kI pUrvokta kasauTI meM kharA utarane para hI kisI vyakti ko vAstavika tIrthaMkara mAnA jA sakatA hai / isake atirikta tIrthaMkara pada prApti ke jo kAraNa zAstra meM batAye gaye haiM, unase bhI vAstavika tIrthaMkara kI pahicAna ho sakatI hai | tIrthaMkara pada prApti ke bIsa sthAnaka (kAraNa) 1 kauna-sA AtmA arhat yA arihanta tIrthaMkara bana sakatA hai ? kina - kina kriyAoM yA kisa-kisa kI ArAdhanA se arhatpada yA tIrthaMkaratva kI prApti ho sakatI hai ? isa viSaya meM AcArya haribhadrasUri ne arhat banane kI eka hI zarta rakhI hai ki jo bhavyAtmA vizva ke prANiyoM ko tArane kI mahAkaruNA-bhAvanA se ota-prota ho, vahI arhat bana sakatA hai| isakA spaSTa artha yaha hai ki jisa AtmA ne aneka janmoM meM sadguNoM kI ArAdhanA karake zubha saMskAroM kA - aparimita puNya rAzikA - saMcaya kiyA ho tathA 'samasta jIvoM ko mokSamArga ke yAtrI banAU~, aisI anuprekSA dvArA prANimAtra kA 1 imehi ya NaM vIsAehi ya kAraNehi Aseviya bahulIkaehi titthayaranAmagotta kammaM nivvattisu taM jahA arahaMta 1, siddha2, pavayaNa 3, guru4, thera5, bahussue 6, tavassIsu7 / vacchalayA ya tesi, abhikkhaNANooge ya // 1 // Avassae ya11, sIlavvae niraiyAraM 12 / cciyAe15, veyAvacce16, samAhI ya17||2|| bhattI 16, pavayaNe titthayaratta daMsaNa, viNae 10, khaNalava 13, tava14 apuvvaNANagahaNe 18, hi kAraNeha pabhAvaNayA 20 / lahai jIvo 11311 - samavAyAMga, samavAya 20
Page #101
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 35 kalyANa karane kI atyanta ucca bhAvanA kI atyanta gaharAI se anucintana kiyA ho, vahI AtmA bhaviSya meM samasta guNoM ke bhaNDAra-sadRza arhatpada ko prApta kara sakatA hai| zAstroM meM tIrthaMkara-pada kI prApti ke lie bIsa sthAna-kAraNa batAye haiM / jo jIva ina bIsa sthAnakoM (kAraNoM) meM se kisI bhI eka-do yA adhika yAvat bIsa sthAnakoM kI pahale ke tIsare bhava meM yathocita viziSTa tathA apUrva ArAdhanA karatA hai, vaha tIrthaMkaranAmakarma ko nikAcita rUpa se upArjita kara letA hai; vaha AtmA usa bhava ko apekSA se AgAmI tIsare bhava meM arhattIrthaMkara pada ko prApta kara letA hai| ina bIsa sthAnakoM kA vizeSa vizleSaNa isa prakAra hai (1) arihanta-bhakti-jina AtmAoM ne karmakalaMka dUra kara diyA hai aura kevalajJAna-kevaladarzana se yukta hokara satyamArga kA upadeza dete haiN| itanA hI nahIM, prANimAtra ke prati jinakI vatsalatA, karuNA aura dayA hai; SaTakAya ke jIvoM ke sAtha jinakI maitrI hai tathA jo indroM, devoM aura cakravatiyoM Adi ke dvArA pUjya haiM, sarvajJa evaM sarvadarzI, vItarAga arhanta devoM kA antaHkaraNa se guNakIrtana karanA tathA unake sadguNoM ke prati anurAga karanA, unake guNoM kA anukaraNa karake apanI AtmA ko guNoM se vibhUSita karane kA prayatna karate rahanA, apane hRdaya meM arhantaprabhu ko basA lenA, arthAt-apane hRdaya meM prabhu ke nAma kI satata raTana rahe tAki kadApi prabhu-nAma vismRta na ho; ahantazabda ke sAtha ho apane zvAsocchavAsa ko jor3e rakhanA, pratyeka zvAsa ke sAtha arhan zabda kI dhvani nikalatI rahe sAtha hI arihanta bhagavAna kI AjJAoM kA pAlana karate rahanA; yahI arihanta prabhu kI bhakti hai / / jaba isa prakAra arihanta prabhu ke nAma se prIti laga jAtI hai, taba vaha AtmA utkRSTa bhAvanA kA rasAyana Ane se tIrthaMkara-gotranAmakarma kA upAjana kara letA hai, jisake prabhAva se svayaM saMsAra-sAgara ko pAra karatA hai aura aneka bhavya prANiyoM ko saMsAra-sAgara se pAra kara detA hai tathA usake dvArA upadiSTa evaM nirdiSTa dharma-patha para calakara aneka bhavyajIva saMsAra-sAgara se pAra hote rahate haiN| (2) siddha-bhakti-jo AtmA ATha karmoM se tathA janma, jarA, mRtyu, bhaya, roga, zoka, rAga-dvapa A da se savathA rahita haiM, ajara-amara-zAzvata siddha pada ko prApta kara cuke haiM ! siddha-buddha-mukta, niraMjana-nirvikAra evaM azarIrI ho cuke haiM, ve siddha haiM / ve anantajJAna, anantadarzana, anantasukha, anantavIrya
Page #102
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 36 : jaina tattvakalikA (zakti), kSAyika samyaktva, amUrttikatva, agotra, agurulaghu aura nirAyu ityAdi aneka guNoM ke dhAraka haiM / ve apane anantajJAna- darzana dvArA sarva lokAloka ko hastAmalakavat dekha rahe haiM / unako ananta Atmika sukha kI prApti ho gaI hai, ataH sadaiva Atmika sukha meM nimagna rahate haiM / yadi tInoM kAloM ke devoM ke sukhasamUha ko ekatrita kiyA jAe to vaha sukha una muktAtmAoM ke sukha kA anantavA~ aMza bhI nahIM hai / aise siddhaprabhu ke guNoM ke prati anurAga karane se tathA antaHkaraNa se aharniza unakA guNotkIrtana karane se jIva tIrthaMkara gotranAmakarma kA upArjana karatA hai / (3) pravacana- bhakti - bhagavAn ke upadezoM ke saMgraha kA nAma pravacana hai / usa dvAdazAMgI rUpa pravacana kI - athavA jinavANI ke rUpa meM jJAnanidhi kI bhakti karanA, usake prati zraddhA-bhakti evaM bahumAna rakhanA, usakA vAcanA Adi pA~ca prakAra se svAdhyAya karanA, zraddhAbhakti Adara-satkArapUrvaka adhyayana adhyApana karanA, pravacana kI svayaM AzAtanA na karanA, jo azraddhAlu yA nAstika loga sarvajJokta upadeza kI AzAtanA karate haiM, unheM hitazikSA dekara AzAtanA karane se rokanA tathA jina-pravacana ke sadaiva guNotkIrtana karate rahanA, yathA- - 'devAnupriya sajjano ! yahI paramArtha hai, zeSa saba sAMsArika kAryasAdhaka haiM, anarthotpAdaka haiN|' isa prakAra pravacana -bhakti karane se AtmA tIrthaMkaragotra- nAmakarma kA upArjana kara letA hai / pravacana kA dUsarA artha' 'saMgha' bhI hai| tIrthaMkaroM dvArA sthApita- - racita dharmasaMgha (sAdhu-sAdhvI zrAvaka-zrAvikA rUpa caturvidha tIrtha saMgha ) evaM sAdharmikoM ke prati usI prakAra snehabhAva vAtsalya rakhanA jaise gAya bachar3e para sneha rakhatI hai | saMgha kA koI bhI sadasya saMkaTagrasta, pIr3ita, duHkhita, vipadgrasta, vyAdhigrasta ho athavA dharma se patita yA asthira ho rahA ho to use yathAzakti sahayoga dekara saMkaTamukta, rogamukta, dharma meM sthira evaM dRr3ha karanA; saMgha kI bhakti karanA, Adi ye saba saMghavAtsalya meM rUpa haiM / isase bhI jIva tIrthaMkaragotranAmakarma kA upArjana kara letA hai / (4) guru yA AcArya kI bhakti - jinezvara dvArA pratipAdita dharma ke anurUpa zramaNadharmayukta jIvana vyatIta karane vAle svaparakalyANa- sAdhaka, SaTkAya pratipAlaka, prANimAtra ke hitaiSI, mahAvratadhArI, dhIra, bhikSAmAtrajIvI,
Page #103
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 37 sAmAyika (samatAyoga) meM sthita, bhagavadupadiSTa dharmopadezaka,' jaina siddhAnta pracAraka, dharmadeva, dharmaguru kahalAte haiN| isa prakAra ke dharmaguruoM ko bhakti, bahamAna aura gaNotkItta na karane se jIva tIrthaMkaragotranAmakarma kA upArjana kara letA hai| athavA dharmAcAryoM (jo zAstrokta chattIsa guNoM se yukta hoM) ke prati zraddhA-bhakti rakhane, unakA bahumAna aura guNotkItana karane se bhI jIva tIrthakaratva prApta kara letA hai| (5) sthavira-bhakti-jo muni bIsa varSa kI dIkSAparyAya vAle, sATha varSa yA isase adhika Ayu vAle evaM sUtrakRtAMga, sthAnAMga Adi zAstroM ke jJAtA hoM, ve sthavira kahalAte haiN| aise dIkSAsthavira, vayaHsthavira evaM zru tasthavira prANimAtra ke hitaiSI hone se dharma se girate-skhalita hote, zithila hote hue vyaktiyoM ko dharma meM sthira karate haiN| ve svayaM zramaNadharma ke maulika AcAra-vicAra meM dRDha rahate haiM tathA dUsare sAdhakoM ko bhI dRr3ha karate haiM, unakI sAdhanA meM AcAra-zuddhi meM sahAyaka banate haiM / saMgha, gaNa, gaccha Adi ko suvyavasthita DhaMga se calAne ke lie dezakAlAnusAra samAcArI (AcAra-saMhitA) bhI banAte haiN| aise sthavira alpavayaska hoM to bhI vRddhoM ke samAna gambhIra hote haiN| isa prakAra ke sthaviroM kI bhakti- bahumAna evaM guNotkItana dvArA bhI jIva tIrthakaranAmagotrakarma kA bandha kara letA hai| (6) bahazra ta-bhakti-aneka prakAra ke zAstroM ke adhyetA, vidvAn svasiddhAnta-parasiddhAnta (svasamaya-parasamaya) ke pUrNa vettA, tattvacintaka, svasiddhAntapratipAdana meM kuzala, svamata-paramata ke jJAtA, svamata meM dRr3ha, sarvazAstrapAragAmI, sarvadarzanoM ke abhyAsI, pratibhAsampanna, gAmbhIrya-dhairya Adi guNoM se yukta, harSa-zoka meM samabhAvI, zrutavidyA se alaMkRta, vAdI-mAna-mardaka, sarvazaMkA-nivAraka evaM zrIsaMgha meM pUjya zramaNa bahuzru ta kahalAte haiN| aise bahazra ta vidvAn dezakAla vizeSajJa munivaroM kI bhakti, bahamAna evaM guNotkItana karane tathA unake guNoM ko dhAraNa karane se jIva tIrthaMkaratva ko prApta karatA hai| (7) tapasvI-bhakti-apanI Atmazuddhi evaM karma-nirjarA ke lie 1 mahAvratadharA dhIrA bhakSyamAtropajIvinaH / sAmAyikasthA dharmopadezakA guruvo matAH // -yogazAstra, pra0 2, zlo08
Page #104
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 38 : jaina tattvakalikA anazanAdi chaha bAhya tapa aura prAyazcittAdi chaha Abhyantara tapa, yau bAraha prakAra ke tapazcaraNa meM atyanta utsAha, umaMga aura hArdika ullAsa ke sAtha aharniza puruSArtha karane vAle munigaNa tapasvI kahalAte haiN| jaise sAbuna Adi kSArIya padArthoM se vastra meM praviSTa maila ke paramANa pathaka kiye jAte haiM tathA agni Adi padArthoM se sone meM praviSTa maila dUra karake use zuddha kiyA jAtA hai, vaise hI AtmA meM praviSTa karmoM ke paramANuoM ko jo tapasvI muni tapaH karma dvArA AtmA se pathaka karate haiM, tathaiva AtmArUpI svarNa meM praviSTa karmamala tapasyArUpI agni se dUra karake AtmA ko zuddha karate haiM, una tapasvI muniyoM kI bhakti, sevA aura hArdika zraddhApUrvaka gaNotkItana karane se jIva tIrthaMkaragotranAmakarma kA upArjana kara letA hai / (8) abhIkSNa jJAnopayoga-bAra-bAra tattvaviSayaka jJAna meM upayoga lagAne evaM jAgRta rahane se jIva ukta karma kA upArjana kara letA hai| jo jIva strI-bhakta-rAja-deza-vikathAdi yA vyartha kI gappaM athavA sAMsArika prapaMcoM ko chor3akara aharniza sadaiva adhyAtmajJAna yA zAstrajJAna meM hI apanA upayoga lagAte haiM, unake ajJAna kA kSaya hone ke sAtha-sAtha klezoM kA bhI kSaya ho jAtA hai| jaise-vAyu ke zAnta hone para jala meM bulabuloM ke uThane kI sambhAvanA nahIM rahatI, vaise hI kleza ke kSaya hone se citta-samAdhi meM vikSapa hone kI sambhAvanA nahIM rahatI; citta-samAdhi sthira ho jAtI hai| jaba jJAnapipAsu vyakti matijJAna Adi meM punaH-punaH upayoga lagAegA to vaha padArthoM kA yathArtha svarUpa jAna jAegA, jisakA pariNAma hogA-AtmA kI jJAnasamAdhi meM nimgntaa| isI jJAnasamAdhi yA cittasamAdhi ke phalasvarUpa jIva tIrthaMkaragotra nAma-karma kA upArjana kara sakatA hai| (8) darzanavizuddhi-vizuddha nirmala niraticAra rUpa se samyagdarzana kA grahaNa, dhAraNa aura pAlana karanA, mithyAtva-sambandhI kriyAoM, mithyA siddhAntoM, mithyAtattvoM Adi se dUra rahanA, sudeva, sugaru aura saddharma para dRr3ha zraddhA rakhanA, apane samyaktva meM cala (caMcalatA), mala (malinatA) aura agAr3ha (adar3hatA) doSa utpanna na hone denA; arhatkathita tattvoM aura siddhAntoM para nirmala aura dRr3ha ruci-zraddhA rakhanA, tathA sudeva, suguru aura saddharma kA saccA svarUpa samajhakara usa para punaH-punaH manana-cintana karake apane samyagdarzana ko aura adhika sudRr3ha aura nirmala karanA; darzanavizuddhi hai| . . darzanavizuddhi-parAyaNa sAdhaka nizcayanaya kI dRSTi se AtmA kA zuddha svarUpa jAnakara Atmatattva para pUrNa vizvAsa karatA hai, Atma bAhya
Page #105
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 36 padArthoM-parabhAvoM para se apanI ruci aura zraddhA haTAtA hai, prAyaH AtmasvarUpa meM ramaNa karatA hai; heya, jJeya aura upAdeya ko jAnakara heya padArtha ko tyAjya, jJaya ko jAnane yogya aura upAdeya ko grahaNa karane yogya mAnatA hai / dazavidha mithyAtva yA 25 prakAra ke mithyAtvoM se apanI AtmarakSA karatA hai, (1) zubha (2) azubha aura (3) zuddha-ina tIna pariNatiyoM meM zuddha pariNati kA hI prAyaH puruSArtha karatA hai, zarIra tathA zarIra se sambandhita padArtha aura AtmA ke bhedavijJAna meM pAraMgata hotA hai| vaha samyaktva ke pA~ca aticAroM se sadaiva bacakara, zama, saMvega, nirveda, anukampA aura Astikya meM satata gati-pragati karane kA prayAsa karatA hai| usakA yaha dRr3ha vizvAsa hotA hai ki mokSamArga yA ratnatraya meM samyagdarzana pradhAna, prathama aura anivArya hai, usake binA sArA jJAna mithyA jJAna hai aura usake binA sArA cAritra kucAritra hai| samyagdarzana ke binA Acarita dhArmika kriyAe~ eka ke aMka ke binA lagI huI bindiyoM ke samAna vyartha haiN| isalie samyagdarzana ko kisI bhI hAlata meM pralobhana, lobha, bhaya yA saMkaTa Adi ke Ane para bhI nahIM chor3anA hai, na hI usase skhalita yA zithila honA hai| samyagdarzana ke mAhAtmya se AtmA arddha pudgala parAvartanakAla meM eka na eka dina nizcita hI mukti pA sakatA hai| isa prakAra samyagdarzana kI surakSA, vizuddhi aura vizuddha ArAdhanAsAdhanA se AtmA tIrthakaragotranAmakarma upArjita kara letA hai| (10) vinayasampannatA-matijJAnAdi pA~ca jJAnoM athavA jJAna ke sAdhana zAstra, grantha Adi kI athavA samyagjJAnI puruSoM kI vinaya-bhakti karanA, jJAna ke 14 aticAroM se bacanA, jJAna aura jJAnI kI AzAtanAavinaya-nindA-avarNavAda nihnavatA, mAtsarya-antarAya Adi na karanA; ' isI prakAra samyagdarzana aura samyagdarzaniyoM kI vinaya bhakti karanA, samyagdarzana evaM samyaktvI kI AzAtanA, nihnavatA, nindA mAtsarya, antarAya, avarNavAda Adi na karanA, isI prakAra samyakacAritra aura cAritravAn kI avinayaAzAtanA-abhakti na karanA, unako bhakti-vinaya-bahamAna karanA, cAritra sambandhI aticAroM se bacakara cAritra-vizuddhi aura vaddhi kA prayatna karanA, cAritrAtmA ke prati azraddhA prakaTa na karanA, ityAdi prakAra se cAritravinaya karanA tathA AcArya, upAdhyAya, tapasvI, navadIkSita, glAna-rugNa, sAdhu 1 'jJAnadarzanacAritropacArAH' -tasvArtha sUtra a0 6 sU0 23
Page #106
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 40 : jaina tattvakalikA sAdhvI, gaNa, kula evaM saMgha, sAdhu Adi kI sevA-upacAra vinaya karanA vinaya sampannatA hai| jJAna prApta karanA, usakA abhyAsa jArI rakhanA aura vismRta na honA jJAnavinaya hai| tattva kI yathArtha pratIti-svarUpa samyagdarzana se vicalita na honA, usake sambandha meM utpanna hone vAlI zaMkAoM kA nivAraNa karake niHzaMkabhAva se sAdhanA karanA darzanavinaya hai| ___sAmAyika Adi cAritroM meM citta ko samAhita rakhanA cAritravinaya hai| jo sAdhaka apane se sadguNoM meM zreSTha ho, usake prati aneka prakAra se yathocita vyavahAra karanA; jaise-unake sammukha jAnA, unake Ane para khar3e honA, Asana denA, vandana karanA, unheM Adara denA ityAdi upacAravinaya hai|' isa cAroM prakAra ke vinaya se Atmavizuddhi hotI hai; ahaMkAra, uddhatatA evaM svacchandatA ke bhAvoM kA nAza hotA hai| ahaMkArAdi ke miTate hI AtmA jJAna-darzana-cAritra se samRddha evaM unnata hotI hai, vaha samAdhibhAva meM yA svarUpa ramaNatA meM laga jAtI hai| vinaya se jIvana pavitra evaM uccakoTi kA hotA hai, vinayI AtmA kA vinaya dekhakara anekoM jovoM ko vinaya' kI preraNA milatI hai| isa prakAra kI vinayasampannatA se jIva tIrthaMkaragotranAmakarma kA upArjana kara letA hai| (11) Avazyaka kriyA kA aparityAga-sAmAyika, caturviMzatistava, vandanA (guruvandana), pratikramaNa, kAyotsarga aura pratyAkhyAna, ina chaha AvazyakoM ke anuSThAna ko rugNatA, vyAdhi, cintA, zokagrastatA, vipatti, saMkaTa, iSTaviyoga, aniSTasaMyoga Adi kisI bhI paristhiti meM dravya aura bhAva se na chor3anA pratidina niyamita rUpa se apramatta bhAva se Avazyaka dhArmika kriyAe~ karanA 'AvazyakAparihANi' hai| Avazyaka se saMyama kI evaM AtmA kI vizuddhi hotI hai, dina aura rAtri 1 dekheM cAroM prakAra ke vinaya kA svarUpa, tattvArthasUtra- paM0 sukhalAlajI, dvArA saMpAdita nayA saMskaraNa pR0 220 2 dekheM "AvazyakAparihANi' kA artha, tattvArtha sUtra-paM0 sukhalAlajI, nayA saMskaraNa, pR0 162
Page #107
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 41 meM apane vrata, niyama aura anya pravRttiyoM meM lage hue mAnasika, vAcika evaM kAyika aticAroM -- doSoM kI vizuddhi hotI hai; samyagdarzana - jJAna - cAritra rUpa mokSamArga meM asAvadhAnI evaM pramAda, kaSAya evaM azuddha mana-vacana-kAyA ke yogoM se koI doSa laga gayA ho to usakI vizuddhi pratikramaNa Avazyaka ke antargata AlocanA, nindanA ( AtmanindA - pazcAttApa ), garhaNA (gurusAkSI se AtmAlocanA), pratikramaNa (pIche haTanA ), paMcaparameSThI vandanA, prAyazcittAdi tathA maitrI, kSamA Adi bhAvanA se ho jAtI hai / isa prakAra kI Avazyaka kriyA se Azrava ruka jAtA hai, nUtana karmoM kA saMvara ho jAtA hai, nirjarA dvArA pUrvabaddha karmoM kA kSaya ho jAtA hai jisase nirvANapada ke nikaTa AtmA pahu~ca jAtA hai / isa prakAra Avazyaka kriyA ko hArdika zraddhA-bhakti evaM utsAha, ullAsa ke sAtha niyamita rUpa se anivArya samajhakara karane se tIrthaMkara nAmakarma kA upArjana ho jAtA hai / (12) niraticAra rUpa se zIla- vrata pAlana - 'zIla' zabda uttaraguNoM se sambandha rakhatA hai aura 'vrata' zabda mUlaguNoM se / mUlaguNa ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, Adi pA~ca mahAvratayA pA~ca aNuvrata haiM; aura uttaraguNa haiM - niyama - tyAgapratyAkhyAnAdi athavA chaThe dizAparimANa nAmaka guNavrata se lekara bArahaveM atithisaMvibhAga vrata nAmaka zikSAvrata taka ke guNavrata evaM zikSAvrata / isa prakAra vrata aura zIla meM, ' arthAt - mUlaguNoM aura uttaraguNoM meM asAvadhAnI, bhUla yA pramAda se bhI zAstrokta kisI bhI prakAra kA aticAra yA doSa na lagane denA; niraticArarUpa se vratoM aura zIloM kA pAlana karanA, zuddhatApUrva gRhIta vratoM aura zIloM kI sAdhanA karanA tIrthaMkaratva prApti kA kAraNa hai / zraddhA aura jJAnapUrvaka svIkRta vratoM aura zIloM meM kisI prakAra kI malinatA na Ane dene se arthAt - unakA zuddhatApUrvaka dRr3hatA se pAlana karane se Atmabala, mAnasika zakti, saMkalpa zakti evaM dRr3hatA bar3hatI hai, AtmavikAsa evaM alaukika AtmaprakAza hone lagatA hai, jisake kAraNa sahaja hI tIrthaMkaranAmakarma ke upArjana kA dvAra khula jAtA hai / (13) kSaNa-lava (abhIkSNa-saMvega bhAva ) kI sAdhanA - yoM to kSaNa aura lava ye donoM zabda kAlavAcaka haiM / kintu kSaNa-lava zabda ke upalakSaNa se 1 dekheM, ' vratazIleSu paMca-paMca yathAkramam tathA isa para vivecana paM0 sukhalAlajI sampAdita tattvArthasUtra-- nayA saMskaraNa, pR0 186
Page #108
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 42 : jaina tattvakalikA kSaNa-kSaNa meM athavA pratyeka kSaNa saMvegabhAva dhAraNa karanA athavA anityAdi dvAdaza anuprekSAoM (bhAvanAoM) meM apane jIvana ke kSaNa vyatIta karanA athavA dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna dvArA karmoM kA kSaya (kSaNa= nAza) karanA athavA apane jIvana ke kSaNa-lava ko zuddhopayoga meM vyatIta karanA; ye artha grahaNa karane caahie| __ janma-maraNarUpa saMsAra athavA sAMsArika bhoga vAstava meM sUkha ke badale duHkha ke hI sAdhaka banate haiM, yaha socakara saMsAra meM yA sAMsArika bhogoM se udvigna honA, DaranA yA uparata honA athavA unameM na lalacAnA saMvega bhAva hai|' saMvega aura vairAgya kA bIjavapana hotA hai jagat-svabhAva evaM kAya-svabhAva kA cintana-anuprekSA karane se / isa prakAra saMvega-vairAgya bhAva meM, anityAdi bAraha anuprekSAoM meM, zubhadhyAna, mauna, tattvacintana evaM zuddhopayoga-AtmA ke zuddha svabhAva ke cintana meM, apane jIvana ke pratyeka pavitra evaM amUlya kSaNa ko bitAne se anAyAsa hI purAtana karmoM kA kSaya hone se tathA kSayopazamabhAva se tIrthakaranAmakarma kA upArjana ho jAtA hai| (14) yathAzakti tapazcaraNa-yathAzakti bAhya aura Abhyantara tapa kI ArAdhanA karate rahane se, apanA jIvana tapomaya banAne aura tapazcaryA se apanI Atmazuddhi tathA azubha karma kI nirjarA karane se bhI tIrthaMkara nAmakarma upArjita ho jAtA hai| zata yaha hai ki vaha tapa pradarzana, ADambara, yaza-kIrti, pratiSThA, nidAna (niyANA), labdhi, siddhi, camatkAra pradarzana athavA laukika-pAralaukika svArtha, aviveka, ahaMkAra, pratispardhA, Aveza, krodha Adi ke vaza na kiyA gayA ho; tabhI vaha upayukta phaladAyI hotA hai| - isI kA samarthana tapaHsamAdhi ke sandarbha meM dazavakAlika sUtra meM milatA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki tapaHsamAdhi tabhI prApta ho sakatI hai, jaba ataHkaraNa ke ullAsa, umaMga, utsAha evaM zArIrika-mAnasika samAdhi evaM zubha 1 tattvArthasUtra, vivecana paM0 sukhalAlajI, nayA saMskaraNa pR0 163 2 'jagatkAyasvAbhAvI ca saMvega-vairAgyArtham / ' -tattvArtha sUtra, a0 7, sU0 7 na ihalogaTThayAe tavamahiTThijjA, na paralogaTThayAe tavamahiTThijjA, na kittivaNNasaddasilogaTThayAe tava mahiTThijjA, nannattha nijjaraTThayAe tvmhitttthijjaa| --dazavakAlika a0 6, u0 4
Page #109
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 43 dhyAnapUrvaka tapazcaraNa kiyA gayA ho| usase AtmA zaktimAna, tejasvI, svastha aura Anandamaya hotA hai / AtmA meM zuddha tapazcaraNa se kaSTa sahiSNutA, titikSA, Atmazakti, manobala, parISahopasargasahana zakti, azubha karmoM ke kSaya ho jAne se manaHsamAdhi bar3hatI hai / isase sarvajJatA sarvadarzitA taka prApta ho jAtI hai / yathAzakti tapazcaraNa kA phalitArtha yaha bhI hotA hai ki apanI zakti chipAye binA vivekapUrvaka bAhya aura Abhyantara tapa kA abhyAsa aharniza karate rahanA cAhie / yadyapi tapazcaryA se AmaSauSadhi Adi aneka labdhiyA~ tathA zApa - AzIrvAda pradAna karane kI zakti Adi kaI upalabdhiyA~ aura siddhiyA~ prApta ho sakatI haiM, kaI duHsAdhya zArIrika roga bhI miTa jAte haiM, tathApi Atmazuddhi ke icchuka sAdhaka ko ina saba phalAkAMkSAoM ko chor3akara tapazcaraNa karanA caahie| aisA tapa hI tIrthaMkaratva prApti kA kAraNa hotA hai / (15) yathAzakti tyAga -- apanI zakti ko jarA bhI chipAye binA AhAradAna, abhayadAna, jJAnadAna, auSadhadAna Adi se athavA vastra, AhAra, upakaraNa Adi sAdhanoM kA tyAga pratyAkhyAna karane se vyakti tIrthaMkaratva kI prApti kara sakatA hai / ina dAnoM meM zruta (jJAna) dAna sabase bar3hakara hai aura dAnoM se to ihaafaa aura pAralaukika sukha hI mila sakate haiM kintu zrutadAna se mokSa ke ananta (asIma sukhoM kI prApti bhI ho sakatI hai tathA ihaloka meM asIma alaukika Ananda kI anubhUti hotI hai / itanA hI nahIM, zrutajJAna ke pracAra se aneka AtmAe~ ajJAna aura mithyAtva se bacakara ratnatraya kI sAdhanA dvArA mokSa prApta kara sakatI hai / ucita supAtra ko dAna dene se bhI puNyavRddhi hotI hai / isa prakAra dAna kI prabala bhAvanA aura aharniza supAtradAna se tIrthaM - karanAmakarma kA anAyAsa hI bandha ho sakatA hai / (16) vaiyAvRtyakaraNa - (1) AcArya, (2) upAdhyAya, (3) tapasvI, (4) navadIkSita, (5) glAna (rogAdi se kSINa), (6) sthavira, (7) gaNa, (8) kula, (E) saMgha, (10) sAdhu tathA samanojJa ( jJAnAdi guNoM meM samAna athavA samAna zIla, sAdharmika) ina dasa sevya / sevAyogya pAtroM) puruSoM kI yathAyogya evaM yathocita rUpa se zraddhA bhaktipUrvaka sevAzuzra SA, paricaryA evaM saMkaTa nivAraNa meM sahayoga pradAna karanA, inheM sukha-zAnti evaM samAdhi pahu~cAnA vaiyAvRtyakaraNa hai /
Page #110
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 44 : jaina tattvakalikA bhinna-bhinna AcaryoM ke ziSyarUpa sAdhu yadi paraspara sahAdhyAyI hone se samAna vAcanA vAle hoM to unakA samudAya gaNa hai / eka hI dIkSAcArya kA ziSya parivAra kula hai| eka hI dharma kA anuyAyI samudAya saMgha hai, jo sAdhusAdhvI-zrAvaka-zrAvika rUpa hai / inakI vaiyAvRtya kA uddezya hai-inakI aura saMgha kI Atmonnati ho, AdhyAtmika vikAsa ho, jJAna-dazana-cAritra meM vRddhi ho, inheM samAdhi prApta ho / ataH inakI vaiyAvRtya-sevA-zuzrUSA hI parama dharma hai, isI se kalyANa ho sakatA hai, aisA samajhakara utkRSTa bhAva se antaHkaraNa se inakI vaiyAvRtya karane se tIrthaMkara nAmakarma kA upArjana ho sakatA hai / uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM isa viSaya meM kahA gayA haiveyAvacce NaM bhaMte ! jIve ki jaNayai ? veyAvacce NaM titthayara nAmagoyaM kammaM nibaMdhai / ' bhagavan ! vaiyAvRtya karane se jIva ko kyA lAbha hotA hai ? vaiyAvRtya se vaha tIrthaMkaranAmagotrakarma kA nibandhana karatA hai| (17) samAdhi-utkRSTa AtmasamAdhi prApta hone se bhI tIrthaMkaratva kI prApti ho sakatI hai| samAdhi do prakAra kI hai- (1) dravyasamAdhi aura (2) bhAvasamAdhi / kisI vyakti ko jaba usakA icchita abhISTa padArtha mila jAtA hai, to usake citta meM samAdhi A jAtI hai| parantu yaha samAdhi dravyasamAdhi hai, jo cirasthAyI nahIM hotii| dAhajvara se grasta vyakti ko bahuta jora kI pyAsa lagatI hai, yadi use usa samaya zItala jala pIne ko mila jAe to vaha apane citta meM samAdhi mAnane lagatA hai, parantu vaha samAdhi kitane samaya taka TikatI hai ? thor3I hI dera ke bAda usa vyakti kI phira vahI dazA (asamAdhi) ho jAtI hai| isI prakAra anya abhISTa padArthoM kI upalabdhi se hone vAlI dravyasamAdhi ke viSaya meM samajhanA caahie| aisA bhI hotA hai ki eka abhISTa vastu kI upalabdhi ho bhI gaI kintu samaya, paristhiti Adi ke parivartana ke kAraNa yadi vaha vastu mana se utara gaI to phira vahI vastU asamAdhidAyaka bana jAtI hai aura taba vaha vyakti dasarI kisI vastu ko pAne kI icchA karatA hai| isI prakAra dUsarI vastu bhI use samAdhi pradAna karane meM asamartha rahatI hai| 1 uttarAdhyayana sUtra a0 26, 44vA~ bola /
Page #111
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 45 tAtparya yaha hai--kSaNasthAyI dravyasamAdhi anta meM asamAdhikAraka siddha hotI hai, kintu bhAvasamAdhi-jo ki AtmAdhIna aura sthAyI hotI hai, vaha isa prakAra kI nahIM hotii| ___bhAvasamAdhi tIna prakAra kI hai-(1) jJAnasamAdhi (2) darzanasamAdhi aura (3) cAritrasamAdhi / / jJAna meM AtmA jaba nimagna ho jAtI hai, taba jJAnasamAdhi upalabdha hotI hai / jisa samaya jJAna meM padArthoM kA yathAvasthita anubhava hone lagatA hai, taba AtmA meM alaukika Ananda utpanna ho jAtA hai| vaha Ananda kA samaya samAdhirUpa hI hotA hai| jaba jinopadiSTa tattvoM para dRDhazraddhA, ruci evaM pratIti ho jAtI hai, zaMkA, kAMkSA Adi doSa utpanna nahIM hote, deva-guru-dharma para avicala zraddhA hRdaya meM ho jAtI hai, yahA~ taka ki koI bhI deva, dAnava, mAnava yA tiryaMca use dharmasiddhAnta, dharmakriyA-vrata, niyama, deva-guru dharmazraddhA Adi se bhaya, pralobhana Adi dikhAkara vicalita karanA cAhe to bhI usakI AtmA sumeru parvata kI taraha aDola, akampa evaM avicala rahe, taba samajhanA cAhie ki citta darzanasamAdhi meM sthira ho gayA hai| pA~ca mahAvrata, pA~ca samiti, tIna gupti, kSamA Adi dazavidha zramaNadharma, sAmAyika, tapasyA, saMyama, saMvara, dharmakriyAe~ Adi saba cAritra haiM . isa prakAra cAritra-pAlana kisI prakAra ke pradarzana, ADambara, nidAna, svArtha, yazakIrti, pratiSThA, pralobhana, bhaya, ahaMkAra Adi se rahita hokara kevala karmanirjarA athavA vItarAgatA prApti ke uddezya se utsAha evaM zraddhApUrvaka kiyA jAe to citta cAritra samAdhi meM sthira ho jAtA hai| ___ dazavakAlika sUtra meM ullikhita cAra prakAra kI samAdhi bhI bhAvasamAdhi hai / vaha isa prakAra hai-(1) zrutasamAdhi, (2) vinayasamAdhi, (3) AcArasamAdhi aura (4) tapaHsamAdhi / zruta samAdhi cAra prakAra se hotI hai, yathA-(1) mujhe zAstra kA artha upalabdha ho jAegA, isa dRSTi se, (2) ekAgracitta ho jAU~gA, isa dRSTi se, (3) AtmA ko svabhAva meM sthita karane kI daSTi se, (4) svayaM svabhAva meM sthita hokara dUsaroM ko svabhAva meM sthita karUMgA, isa daSTi se adhyayana (svAdhyAya) karane se| vinaya samAdhi ke bhI cAra prakAra haiM-- (1) guru Adi hitakara anuzAsana
Page #112
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 46 : jaina tattvakalikA (zikSA) dekhakara unakI zuzra SA karane se, (2) garu Adi kI zikSA ko samyaka prakAra se svIkAra karane se, (3) unakI AjJA kA pAlana karake vinamratApUrvaka ArAdhanA karane se, aura (4) abhimAnagrasta hokara AtmA ko mada se matta na karane se| ___ tapaHsamAdhi bhI cAra prakAra se prApta hotI hai--(1) ihaloka ke lie (2) paraloka ke lie; aura (3) kIrti, varNa (prazaMsA), zabda evaM zloka ke lie tapasyA na karane se kintu (4) ekAnta nirjarA (Atmazuddhi) ke lie tapa karane se / jo sAdhaka vividha prakAra ke tapazcaraNa meM rata rahatA hai, binA thake (parizrAnta) hue nirjarA ke lie tapa karatA hai, vaha sadA tapaHsamAdhi se yukta hokara apane purAtana karmoM ko naSTa kara DAlatA hai| AcArasamAdhi bhI cAra prakAra se sampanna hotI hai| yathA-(1-2-3) isa loka, paraloka, yA kIti, varNa, zabda aura zloka ke lie AcAra kA pAlana na kare, (4) kevala Ahatpada (vItarAgatA) ke kAraNoM se AcAra kA anuSThAna kare / jinavacana meM rata, roSarahita (zAnta), dAnta evaM vItarAgabhAva meM saMlagna saMvatta muni AcArasamAdhi se sampanna hotA hai|' ___ isa prakAra AtmA meM pUrvokta tInoM prakAra kI athavA ina cAroM prakAra. kI bhAvasamAdhi utpanna karake sAdhaka azubha evaM kleza-kaluSita karmoM kA kSaya karake tIrthaMkara nAmagotrakarma kA upArjana kara letA hai| ____tattvArtha sUtra ke anusAra isa pada kA samagra rUpa hai-saMgha-sAdhu-samAdhikaraNa jisakA artha kiyA gayA hai-caturvidha saMgha aura vizeSakara sAdhuoM ko samAdhi (AtmazAnti) paha~cAnA; jisase ve tana-mana se svastha raha skeN| ___(18) apUrvajJAna- apUrva-apUrva (nayA-nayA) jJAna grahaNa karane sIkhane se bhI tIrthaMkara nAmakarma baMdhatA hai| ____jJAna se heya, jJaya aura upAdeya ke svarUpa ko yathArtha rUpa se jAnanA aura hRdaya meM samyak rUpa se sthApita karanA apUrva jJAna grahaNa hai| kisI bho padArtha kA yathAvasthita jJAna hone yA nayA-nayA jJAna sIkhane se AtmA meM acintanIya, anirvacanIya, alaukika Ananda utpanna hotA hai / usa Ananda ke prabhAva se usakI AtmA meM sadaiva samAdhi banI rahatI hai, usakA citta praphulla evaM prasannatA se ota-prota rahatA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki jaba taka 1 dazavakAlika sUtra a0 6, uddezaka 4, zlo0 1 se 4 taka 2 tattvArtha sUtra a0 6 sU023, vivecana paM0 sukhalAlajI, pR0 163
Page #113
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 47 aisI jJAnasamAdhi utpanna nahIM hotI, taba taka AtmA meM anya samAdhiyoM kA prAdurbhAva saMbhava nahIM hai, aura jJAnasamAdhi ke prAdurbhAva ke lie apUrva jJAna grahaNa karanA anivArya hai / jaise sUrya ke prakAza se andhakAra naSTa ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra jJAna ke prakAza se ajJAnarUpI andhakAra kA bhI svayameva abhAva ho jAtA hai | jaba ajJAna naSTa ho jAtA hai taba AtmA meM samAdhi utpanna ho hI jAtI hai / (16) zrutabhakti - zruta ( zAstra, Agama yA siddhAnta) ke prati zraddhAbhakti zru tAnusAra yA zru tAjJAnusAra pravRtti karane se bhI jIva tIrthaMkaranAmakarma kA upArjana kara sakatA hai / zruta-bhakti kI vidhi kyA hai ? isake uttara meM yahI kahA jA sakatA hai ki jisa prakAra gurubhakti kI jAtI hai usI prakAra zrutabhakti honI cAhie / gurubhakti kA mukhya uddezya guru AjJA pAlana karanA hai, usI prakAra zruta kI AjJAnusAra dhArmika kriyAe~ karanA zrutabhakti hai / sAtha taM kI avinaya - abhakti na karanA, jijJAsu aura yogya vyakti ko zAstrajJAna (zrata) saharSa pradAna karanA, janatA ke hRdaya meM zruta kA mahattva biThAnA, jisase vaha zruta kA bahumAna kara sake, zrutazravaNa-manana-nididhyAsana kara sake, zrutavAkya ko hRdayaMgama karake zruta kathanAnusAra apane jIvana ko pAvana kara sake 1 zAstra meM batAyA hai ki zruta kI ArAdhanA karane se ajJAna aura kleza donoM naSTa ho jAte haiM / kleza bhI tabhI taka TikatA hai, jaba taka ajJAna hai / ataH siddha huA ki zrutabhakti dvArA tIrthaMkaranAmakarma kA bandha karake jIva aneka AtmAoM kA kalyANa karatA huA mokSagamana kara letA hai / (20) pravacana prabhAvanA - tIrthaMkara bhagavAn dvArA upadiSTa yA racita pravacana (zAstra athavA saMgha ) kI prabhAvanA karane se jIva tIrthaMkara nAmakarma kA baMdha kara sakatA hai / pravacana prabhAvanA kA eka artha hai- bhagavadupadiSTa dvAdazAMgI pravacanoM kA bAra-bAra svayaM svAdhyAya karake apane hRdaya meM anuprekSApUrvaka use sthApita karanA aura bhavya AtmAoM ko pramAda chor3akara zAstravihita upadeza sunAkara unake hRdaya meM unakA prabhAva biThAnA / saccI prabhAvanA to tabhI ho sakatI hai, jabaki isa DhaMga se zAstra sunAye jAe~ jinheM sunakara bhavya jIva prabhAvita hokara saMsAra- virakta ho sakeM aura mokSamArga kI ArAdhanA kara sakeM /
Page #114
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 48 : jaina tattvakalikA (2) pravacana prabhAvanA kA dUsarA artha hai -abhimAna chor3akara jJAna-darzanacAritrarUpa mokSamArga ko jIvana meM utAranA aura dUsaroM ko usakA upadeza dekara prabhAva bar3hAnA, prabhAvita krnaa| ise mokSamArga prabhAvanA bhI kahA jAtA hai| (3) pravacana prabhAvanA kA tIsarA artha hai-tIrthaMkaroM dvArA sthApita dharmasaMgha kI unnati karanA, saMgha ko jJAna, darzana-cAritra se samaddha banAnA, saMgha meM sneha-vAtsalya bar3hAkara usase dUsare logoM ko prabhAvita karanA, saMgha meM naye praveza karane vAle anuyAyiyoM ko dharma meM sudRr3ha karanA, unako samyagdarzanajJAna-cAritra meM sthira rakhane hetu prayatnazIla rahanA, sahayoga denA / / isa prakAra kI utkRSTa pravacana prabhAvanA se jIva tIrthaMkara nAmagotra . karma avazya hI upAjita kara sakatA hai| upayukta bIsa kAraNoM se jaba jIva tIrthakaragotranAmakarma kA nibaMdhana kara letA hai, taba bIca meM devaloka yA naraka kA eka bhava karake tIsare bhava meM vaha tIrthaMkara-arihanta pada ko prApta karatA hai| isa bhava meM vaha manuSya loka meM uttama kula meM janma dhAraNa karake gRhavAsa kA tyAga karake munivRtti dhAraNa kara letA hai| munivatti, ratnatraya evaM tapa kI utkRSTa ArAdhanA karake jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, mohanIya aura antarAya, ina cAroM ghAtikarmoM kA kSaya karake kevalajJAna-kevaladarzana prApta kara letA hai, jisase vaha sarvajJa-sarvadarzI, vItarAga, arhan bana jAtA hai| phira vaha apane pavitra upadezoM dvArA sAdhu-sAdhvI-zrAvaka-zrAvikA rUpa caturvidha tIrtha (saMgha) kI sthApanA karatA hai, jisase aneka bhavya jIva apanA AtmakalyANa karate hue mokSa pada ko prApta kara lete haiN| tIrthakara aura avatAra meM antara vaidika paramparA ke dharmazAstroM meM jisa prakAra kAla ke kRta (sat) yuga Adi cAra vibhAga kiye gaye haiM, usI prakAra jaina zAstroM meM kAla ke utsarpiNI aura avasarpiNI nAmaka do mukhya vibhAga karake pratyeka ko chahachaha AroM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai| ina bAraha AroM kA eka pUrNa kAlacakra hotA hai| - tIrthaMkara isI kAlacakra ke tIsare-cauthe Are meM hamArI hI taraha manuSya ke rUpa meM hote haiM / jo tIrthaMkara athavA arihanta kevalI AyuSya pUrNa hone para siddha-buddha-mukta ho jAte haiM, ve sadA ke lie zAzvata sthAna-mokSa meM jA virAjate haiM / ve punaH saMsAra meM nahIM aate|
Page #115
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 46 isa varNana se yaha nizcita samajha lenA cAhie ki jo-jo jIva isa vizva meM tIrthaMkara hote haiM, ve kisI paramAtmA ke avatAra nahIM hote, kintu samasta tIrthakara pRthak-pRthak AtmAe~ haiM / jainadharma avatAravAdI nahIM, apitu uttAravAdI hai / uttAravAda kA artha hai - nIce se ekendriya se lekara paMcendriya taka kramazaH Upara uThate-uThate manuSya rUpa meM janma lekara svayaM puruSArtha se tIrthaMkaratva prApta karate haiM, phira apane hI puruSArtha se AtmasvarUpa kA vikAsa karane kA abhyAsa parAkaSThA para pahu~cane para samasta karmarUpa AvaraNoM ko vidhvasta karake pUrNarUpa se ve jIva apanA caitanya - vikAsa siddha kara lete haiM, arthAt saMsAra ke janmamaraNa rUpa cakra sadA ke lie tor3a dete haiM aura utthAna kI parAkASThA para pahu~ca jAte haiM, svayaM niraMjana-nirvikAra paramAtmA bana jAte haiM / avatAravAda kA artha hai - itanI sarvocca bhUmikA para pahu~cakara bhI punaH saMsAra meM paramAtmA ke AMzika athavA pUrNa rUpa meM avatAra lenA - janma lenA / kintu mukta hone ke bAda saMsAra meM punaH avatAra lene kI ayuktika bAta jainadharma ko mAnya nahIM hai / tIrthaMkara devoM kI kucha vizeSatAe~ mAtA ko uttama svapna darzana deva athavA nAraka kA AyuSya pUrNa karake arhan- tIrthaMkara pada ko prApta karane vAlA AtmA jaba manuSyaloka ke 15 karmabhUmika kSetroM meM se kisI kSetra meM mAtA ke garbha meM Ate haiM, taba mAtA caudaha sundara svapna dekhatI haiN| garbhAvasthA meM hI tIrthaMkara ke jIva ko tIna jJAna - mati, zruta aura avadhijJAna -- hote haiM, jisase prasaMga Ane para ve ina jJAnoM kA upayoga karake vastusthiti ko jAna dekha sakate haiM / janma mahotsava savA nau mahIne pUrNa hone para, candrabala Adi uttama yoga meM zubha muhUrtta 1 caudaha svapna - ( 1 ) airAvata hAthI, (2) dhorI (zveta) vRSabha, (3) zArdUlasiMha, (4) lakSmI devI, (5) puSpamAlA - yugala, (6) pUrNa candramA, (3) sUrya, (8) iMdradhvajA, 6) pUrNakalaza, 10) padmasarovara, (11) kSIrasAgara, (12) devavimAna, (13, ratnarAzi aura (14) nirdhUma agnijvAlA /
Page #116
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 50 : jaina tattvakalikA meM, upayukta tIna jJAna sahita tIrthaMkara karmabhUmi' meM prAyaH puruSa rUpa meM janma lete haiN| jisa prakAra vartamAna meM rAjya nahIM milane para bhI bhaviSya meM rAjya milane vAlA hai, isalie rAjakumAra ko rAjA kahA jAtA hai, usI prakAra tIrthaMkara bhI bAlyAvasthA meM kevalajJAnI na hone se unameM vAstavika tIrthakaratva na hone para bhI usI jIvana meM bhaviSya meM tIrthaMkara pada prApta karane vAle haiM, isalie ve janma se hI 'tIrthaMkara' kahe jAte haiN| tIrthaMkaroM ko apane jIvana meM asAdhAraNa evaM ucca adhyAtma sAdhanAmaya puruSArtha karanA hotA hai, usake lie unheM asAdhAraNa zUravIratA, vatsalatA aura parAkrama kI AvazyakatA hotI hai, sAtha hI janatA ko vizeSa prabhAvita evaM AkarSita karane hetu bhI uccakulagata vaMza meM janma lenA hotA hai, isalie unakA prabala puNyabala unheM uttama kula meM janma prApta karAtA hai| tIrthaMkaroM ke janma ke samaya sAre vizva meM prakAza kI kiraNeM vyApta ho jAtI haiM, aura prakRti kI prasannatA bar3ha jAtI hai| jahA~ satata dAruNa duHkha kA anubhava hotA hai, aise narakasthAnoM meM bhI usa samaya kSaNabhara ke lie sukhAnubhUti kI lahara sI daur3a jAtI hai| tIrthaMkaroM ke janma ke samaya chappanadika kumArikA Adi deviyA~ Akara 1 vizva meM mAnava nivAsa vAlI bhUmi do prakAra kI haiM--eka sAMskRtika jIvana vAlI, aura dUsarI sahaja jIvana vAlI / inameM sAMskRtika jIvana vAlI bhUmi ko karmabhUmi kahate haiM, kyoMki usameM kRSi, vyApAra, nyAya, yuddha, vANijya, udyoga, kalA tathA tapa, saMyama Adi karmoM kI pradhAnatA hotI hai| sahaja jIvana vAlI bhUmi meM kRSi Adi karma nahIM hote / vahA~ ke mAnava svAbhAvika rUpa se dasa prakAra ke kalpavRkSoM se prApta hone vAle bhogopabhogya sAdhanoM Adi para jIvana nirvAha karate haiM / isalie isa bhUmi ko akarmabhUmi kahate haiM / ina do prakAra kI bhUmiyoM meM se tIrthakara kA janma karmabhUmi meM hI hotA hai, kyoMki tapa, saMyama, sAdhutA, zramaNa dharma Adi vahIM hote haiN| 2 tIrthaMkara prAyaH puruSarUpa meM janma lete haiM, phira bhI anantakAla meM kadAcita Azcarya svarUpa ve strIrUpa meM bhI janma lete haiN| isameM mukhya kAraNa tadanukUla pUrvabaddha karma hai| vartamAna caubIsI meM 19ve tIrthaMkara zrImallinAtha strIrUpa meM utpanna hue the| 3 chappana dikkumArikAeM isa prakAra haiM-(1) ATha adholoka meM rahane vAlI, (2) ATha Urvaloka meM rahane vAlI, (3) ATha pUrva rucaka para rahane vAlI, (4) ATha dakSiNa rucaka para rahane vAlI, (5) ATha pazcima rucaka para rahane vAlI, (6) ATha uttara rucaka para rahane vAlI aura (7) ATha vidizA rucaka para rahane vAlI, yoM kula milAkara 56 dizAkumArikA deviyA~ haiM / vizeSa varNana ke lie dekhie-jambUdvIpaprajJapti sUtra
Page #117
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 51 janma mahotsava karatI haiM / cauMsaTha indra Adi deva apane jItavyavahAra (paramparAgata vyavahAra) ke kAraNa tIrthaMkaroM ko meruparvata ke paNDakavana meM le jAkara bahuta hI umaMga aura dhUmadhAma se unakA janma mahotsava manAte haiN| tatpazcAt tIrthaMkara ke mAtA-pitA apane yahA~ janma-mahotsava karake unakA nAma rakhate haiN| nimnalikhita cAra vizeSatAe~ tIrthaMkaroM ke janma se hotI haiM (1) unakA zarIra lokottara adbhuta svarUpa vAlA hotA hai / usameM prasveda (pasInA), maila yA roga nahIM hotA; (2) unakA zvAsocchvAsa sugandhamaya hotA hai; (3) unake rakta aura mAMsa kA raMga dUdha jaisA zveta hotA hai; aura (4) unakA AhAra aura nohAra (malavisarjana kriyA) sAmAnya mAnava ke carmacakSa oM dvArA dRSTigocara nahIM hotaa|' bAlya evaM yuvAvasyA tIrthaMkara bAlyakor3A karake yauvanavaya meM Ane para yadi bhogAvalI karma kA udaya hotA hai to uttama kula kI zreSTha nArI ke sAtha vidhivat pANigrahaNa karate haiN| ve manuSya ke paMcendriyajanya pAMcoM prakAra ke kAma-bhoga rUkSa (udAsIna) bhAva se anAsaktavRtti se bhogate haiM; arthAt - unameM unheM mUrchA (Asakti) nahIM hotii| vo-zAna _____ tIrthakara dIkSA grahaNa karane se pahale eka varSa taka pratidina eka karor3a ATha lAkha svaNamudrAoM kA dAna dete haiM / isa prakAra ve eka varSa meM kula tIna arava, aThAsI karor3a svarNamudrAoM kA dAna de dete haiM .3 isake pazcAt ve gRhatyAga karake svayaM pravajita hote haiN| tIrthaMkara svayaM saMbuddha hote haiM, arthAta 1 samavAyAMgasUtra 2 namo paMcavihesu mANasabhogesu amucchiyANaM arihaMtANaM-arthAt 'manuSya sambandhI pA~ca prakAra ke bhogoM meM mUcchita-Asakta na hone vAle arihanta bhagavaMtoM ko namaskAra ho|' -arhannamaskArAvalikA, sUtra 32 3 namo varavariAghopapuvvaM saMvaccharina -dANa-dAyagANaM arihaMtANaM / arthAt- 'varavaTikA (icchita vastu kA dAna dene ke lie kI jAne vAlI ghoSaNA) pUrvaka sAMvatsarika (vArSika) dAna dene vAle arihanta bhagavantoM ko namaskAra ho|' -arhannamaskArAvalikA, sUtra 37 4 sayaM-saMbuddhANaM' __-zakastavapATha
Page #118
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 52 : jaina tattvakalikA ve kisI ke upadeza ke binA svayaM bodha pAkara gRhAdi kA tyAga karate haiN| unakA koI guru nahIM hotA / ' / gRhAdi-tyAga ke kucha kAla pUrva unake vairAgya kI anumodanA karane hetu apane kalpa ke anusAra nau lokAntika deva devaloka se Akara isa prakAra ke vacana bolate haiM bhayavaM ! titthaM pavattaha 'bhagavan ! tIrtha-pravartana (tIrtha sthApana) kiijie|' lokAntika devoM kA isa prakAra kA kalpa (jIta-vyavahAra) hone se unake ye vacana upacArarUpa hote haiM, pratibodha rUpa yA upadezarUpa nahIM hote| tIrthaMkara bhagavAn pUrvajanmoM kI jJAna-darzana-cAritrAdi-sAdhanA ke phala svarUpa vartamAna bhava meM dUsaroM ke upadeza ke binA jIvAdirUpa tattvoM ko yathAvasthita aviparIta rUpa se jAnate haiN| caturtha jJAna kI prApti tIrthaMkara 'karemi sAmAiyaM' se samatAyoga kI sAdhanA kI pratijJApUrvaka jaba tIna karaNa aura tIna yoga se Arambha-parigraha kA tyAga karate haiM, tabhI (isa prakAra kI jainendrI dIkSA grahaNa karate hI) unheM manaHparyava (mana ke sthUla aura sUkSma bhAvoM ko pratyakSa jAna sakane vAlA caturtha jJAna) prApta ho jAtA hai| utkaTa tapaHsAdhanA tIrthakara pUrvokta samatAyoga (sAmAyika) ke sAdhanA kAla meM ekAkI rUpa se niHsaMga bhAva se vAyu kI bhAMti apratibaddhatApUrvaka vicaraNa karate rahate haiN| chadmastha-avasthA meM rahate hue ve kisI ko na to dharmopadeza dete haiM aura na hI ziSya banAte haiN| chadmastha-avasthA meM ekAkI rahakara ve jJAna, darzana, cAritra aura tapa kI utkRSTa evaM kaThora zuddha sAdhanA karate haiM / utkaTa tapazcaryA karate samaya tIrthaMkaroM para yadi deva-dAnava-mAnava-tiyaJca sambandhI upasarga Ate haiM, to unheM ve pUrNa samabhAva se (binA roSa-toSa yA rAga-dveSa ke) sahate haiN| kisI-kisI tIrthaMkara ko upasarga nahIM bhI Ate / parantu upasarga, saMkaTa 1 yadyapi bhavAntareSu tathAvidhagurusannidhAnAyattabuddhAste'bhUvan, tathApi tIrthaMkarajanmani paropadeza nirapekSA eva buddhAH / -yogazAstra svopajJavRtti pR0 318 2 namo AyAsubdha nirAsaya guNa saMsohiyANaM arihaMtANaM'--AkAza kI bhA~ti nirAlambana (nirAzraya) guNa se zobhAyamAna arihaMtoM ko namaskAra ho / -arhannamaskArAvalI
Page #119
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 53 yA kaSTa (parISaha) Ane para ve kisI se - yahA~ taka ki apane bhakta devI-devoM, indra yA narendroM taka se bhI sahAyatA nahIM cAhate --na lete haiM, ve ekAkI hI apane puruSArtha ke bala para samatvasAdhanA kI saphalatA kI sIr3hiyoM para car3hate haiM aura duSkara tapazcaraNa evaM upasarga sahana karake cAra ghanaghAtI karmoM kA kSaya karake vItarAgatva - jinendratva ko prApta kara lete haiM / ' arhatpada prApti kA krama pada prApti kA krama isa prakAra hai sarvaprathama darzanamohanIya aura cAritramohanIya karma kA kSaya hone se ananta AtmaguNarUpa yathAkhyAtacAritra kI prApti hotI hai / mohanIya karma kA kSaya hote hI jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya aura antarAya karmoM kA eka sAtha nAza ho jAtA hai / jJAnAvaraNIya karma kA kSaya hone se ananta kevalajJAna prApta hotA hai / kevalajJAna prApta hone se ve samasta dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva aura bhava ko jAnane lagate haiM - sarvajJa ho jAte haiM / darzanAvaraNIya karma kA kSaya hone se ananta kevaladarzana kI prApti hotI hai jisase ve pUrvokta dravyAdi pA~coM ko dekhane lagate haiM - sarvadarzI ho jAte haiM / antarAyakarma kA kSaya hone se ananta dAnalabdhi, lAbhalabdhi, bhogalabdhi, upabhogalabdhi aura vIryalabdhi kI prApti hotI haiM, jisase ve ananta zaktimAna hote haiN| kevalajJAna-kevaladarzana prApta hone ke bAda hI ve dharmopadeza dete haiM aura tyAgI tathA gRhastha ziSya banAte haiM / uparyukta cAroM ghanaghAtI karmoM ke kSaya hone para hI arihanta ( tIrthaMkara), pada kI prApti hotI hai, aura ve pUrvokta 12 guNoM, cAra koTi ke atizayoM, 1 (ka) mRgendrasya mRgendratvaM vitIrNaM kena kAnane / svabalenaiva jinendrAH gacchanti paramaM padam // (kha) iMdA ! na evaM bhUyaM, na evaM bhavvaM, na evaM bhavissai, jaM arihantA " 2 dekho, hAribhadrIya 'yogabindu' - mahAvIracariyaM
Page #120
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 54 : jaina tattvakalikA athavA 34 atizayoM aura 35 vANI ke atizayoM (guNoM) se yukta tathA aThAraha doSoM se rahita hote haiM / uparyukta cAra ghanaghAtIkarmoM kA kSaya hone ke pazcAt (1) vedanIya, (2) AyuSya, (3) nAma aura (4) gotra, ye cAra aghAtI karma zeSa raha jAte haiM / ye cAroM karma zaktirahita hote haiM / jaise-bhunA huA bIja aMkura ko utpanna nahIM kara sakatA, usI prakAra ye aghAtIkarma arihanta bhagavAn kI AtmA meM kisI prakAra kA vikAra utpanna nahIM kara sakate / tIrthaMkara bhagavAn kI Ayu pUrNa hone para AyuSya ke sAtha hI zeSa samasta karmoM kA bhI kSaya ho jAtA hai / tIrthaMkaroM ke jIvana ke mahattvapUrNa paMcakalyANaka tIrthaMkaroM ke jIvana meM pAMca prasaMga atyanta mahattvapUrNa arthAt-paramakalyANakArI mAne jAte haiM / isalie ve jaina jAgat meM paMcakalyANaka ke nAma se prasiddha haiM / 1 - devaloka yA naraka se cyavana kara mAtA ke garbha meM avatarita hone ( Ane) ko prathama - ' cyavana-kalyANaka' kahate haiM / 1 2 - tatpazcAt janma lene ko dvitIya 'janmakalyANaka' kahate haiN| 3 - isake bAda jaba bhAvI tIrthaMkara gRhAdi kA tyAga karake saMyamI jIvana kI dIkSA lete hai, taba use tRtIya - 'dIkSA kalyANaka' kahA jAtA hai / 4 - jaba unheM saMyama, samatvayoga, tapa evaM sudhyAna ke yoga se kevalajJAna prApta hotA hai, taba vaha caturtha - 'kevalajJAnakalyANaka' kahalAtA hai / 5-- - jaba ve samasta karmoM kA kSaya karake, mana, vacana, kAyA kA evaM janma-maraNa kA sadA ke lie tyAga karate haiM, taba usa paMcama prasaMga ko 'nirvANakalyANaka' kahate haiM / ina pA~coM kalyANakoM ko vizeSa parva mAna kara jainadharmAnuyAyI usa tithi ko ukta tIrthaMkara kI vizeSa bhakti bhAvapUrvaka upAsanA-ArAdhanA karate haiM, tathA tapa-saMyamAdi guNoM kI vRddhi karake apane AtmakalyANa meM pragati karate haiN|
Page #121
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ krama 1 zrI RSabhadevajI ASADha vadI 4 2 zrI ajitanAthajI baizAkha sudI 12 zrI saMbhavanAthajI tIrthaMkara nAma 3 cyavana kalyANaka 7 phAlguna sudI 4 zrI abhinandanajI vaizAkha sudI 4 5 zrI sumatinAthajI zrAvaNa zuklA 2 6 zrI padmaprabhajI mAgha vadI 6 tIrthaMkaroM ke paMcakalyANaka kI tAlikA zrI supArzvanAthajI bhAdavA vadI 8 zrI candraprabhajI caitra vadI 5 janma kalyANaka caitra vadI pa vinItA nagarI mAgha sudI 8 ayodhyA mAgha sudI 14 zrAvastI mAgha zuklA 2 ayodhyA vaizAkha zu08 ayodhyA kArtika vadI 12 kauzAmbI dIkSA kalyANaka caitra vadI pa phAlguna vadI 11 purimatAla mAgha vadI pauSa vadI 11 ayodhyA mArgazIrSa zu0 15 kArtika vadI 11. zrAvastI pauSa vadI 13 ayodhyA vaizAkha zuklA caitra zuklA 11 ayodhyA kArtika vadI 13 caitra zuklA 15 kauzAmbI mAgha zuklA 12 kevalajJAna kalyANaka jyeSTha zuklA 12 jyeSTha zuklA 13 vArANasI pauSa vadI 12 pauSa vadI 13 candrapurI phAlguna vadI 6 vArANasI phAlguna vadI 7 candrapurI nagarI nirvANa kalyANaka mAgha vadI 13 kailAza parvata caitra sudI 5 sammetazikhara caitra zuklA 5 sammetazikhara vaizAkha zuklA 8 sammetazikhara caitra zuklA sammetazikhara mArgazIrSa kRSNA. 11 sammetazikhara phAlguna kRSNA 7 sammetazikhara bhAdrapada vadI 7 sammetazikhara arihantadeva svarUpa : 55
Page #122
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ krama tIrthaMkara nAma cyavana kalyANaka janma kalyANaka dIkSA kalyANaka kevalajJAna kalyANaka nirvANa kalyANaka 56 : jaina tattvakalikA 6 zrI suvidhinAthajI phAlguna vadI 6 10 zrI zItalanAthajI vaizAkha vadI 6 11 zrI zreyAMsanAthajI jeTha vadI 6 12 zrI vAsupUjyajI jeTha sudI 6 mArgazIrSa kR0 5 mArgazIrSa kR. 6 kArtika zuklA 3 bhAdrapada zu06 kAkaMdI nagarI kAkaMdI nagarI sammetazikhara mAha vadI 12 mAha vadI 12 pauSa vadI 14 vaizAkha kRSNA 2 bhaddilapura bhaddilapura sammetazikhara phAlguna vadI 12 phAlguna vadI 13 mAgha vadI 3 zrAvaNa kRSNA 3 siMhapurI siMhapurI sammetazikhara phAlguna vadI 14 phAlguna zu0 15 mAgha zu0 2 ASAr3ha mu0 14 campApurI campApurI campApurI mAgha sudI 3 mAgha sudI 4 pauSa zuklA 6 ASADha vadI 7 kampilapura kampilapura sammetazikhara vANakha vadI 13 vaizAkha vadI 14 vaizAkha vadI 14 caitra zu0 5 . . ayodhyA ayodhyA, sammetazikhara mAgha zuklA 3 mAgha zu0 13 pauSa zu0 15 jyeSTha zuklA 5 ratnapurI - ratnapurI sammetazikhara jeTha vadI 13 jeTha vadI 12 pauSa zu0 6 jyeSTha vadI 13 gajapura gajapura sammetazikhara 13 zrI vimalanAthajI caitra vadI 4 14 zrI anantanAthajI zrAvaNa vadI 7 15 zrI dharmanAthajI vaMzAkha sudI 7 16 zrI zAntinAthajI bhAdavA vadI 7
Page #123
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 17 18 20 zrI kunthunAthajI 21 zrI aranAthajI 16 zrI mallinAthajI phAlguna sudI 4 zrI munisuvratajI zrI naminAthajI zrAvaNa vadI & 23 zrI pArzvanAthajI 24 zrI mahAvIra svAmIjI 22 zrIariSTanemijI kArtika vadI 12 phAlguna sudI 2 ( 1 ) mArgazIrSa zu0 10 mArgazIrSa zu0 12 gajapura vaizAkha vadI 14 gajapura zrAvaNa sudI 15 jeTha vadIpa rAjagRha Asoja sudI 14 zrAvaNa vadI 6 mathurA nagarI ASADha sudI 6 mArgazIrSa zu0 11 mArgazIrSa zu0 11 mithilA nagarI zrAvaNa zu0 5 sauripura vaizAkha sudI 12 pauSa vadI 10 vArANasI caitra vadI 5 caitra zu0 13 kSatriyakuNDa phAlguna zu0 12 ASAr3ha vadI & zrAvaNa sudI 6 pauSa vadI 11 mArgazIrSa vadI 11 caitra zu0 3 gajapura kArtika zu0 12 mArgazIrSa zu0 10 sammetazikhara gajapura mArgazIrSa zu0 11 phAlguna zu0 12 mithilA nagarI sammetazikhara phAlguna vadI 12 rAjagRha mArgazIrSa zu0 11 mathurA nagarI vaizAkha vadI 1 sammetazikhara caitra vadI 4 * vArANasI vaizAkha zu0 10 RjubAlukAtaTa jyeSTha kRSNA & sammetazikhara Asoja vadI 30 ASAr3ha zu0 8 giranAra giranAra vaizAkha vadI 10 sammetazikhara zrAvaNa zuklA da sammetazikhara kArtika kRSNA 30 pAvApurI arihantadeva svarUpa : 57
Page #124
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 58 : jaina tattvakalikA tIrthaMkara kahA~-kahA~ aura kaba hote haiM ? jisameM Apa aura hama rahate haiM, vaha bharatakSatra kahalAtA hai / yaha 'jambUdvIpa' ke dakSiNa bhAga meM hai / isake uttara bhAga meM airavatakSatra aura madhyabhAga meM mahAvideha kSetra hai / mahAvidehakSa etra meM lagAtAra tIrthaMkara hote rahate haiM jabaki bharata - airavata kSetra meM pratyeka utsarpiNI - avasarpiNI kAla meM caubIsa caubIsa tIrthaMkara hote haiM / bharatakSetra kI vartamAnakAlIna caubIsI kA saMkSipta paricaya jambUdvIpAntargata bharatakSa etra meM vartamAnakAla meM hue caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM IT saMkSipta paricaya yahA~ hama de rahe haiM, jisase pAThaka tIrthaMkara devoM ke jIvana At aNakAriNI saMkSipta jhA~kI pA sakeM / isake atirikta tIrthaMkaradevoM ke sabhI nAma guNaniSpanna hote haiM / bhavyaprANI ina nAmoM kA avalambana lekara ina nAmoM ke anusAra guNoM ke prati anurAga rakhate hue, una guNoM ko hRdaya meM sthApita karate haiM tathA guNAnusaraNa karake apanI AtmA ko pavitra banAte haiM / caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kA kramazaH paricaya isa prakAra hai (1) zrI RSabhadevajI bhUtakAla kI, arthAt -- isa avasarpiNIkAla ke pahale vAlI caubIsI ke antima ( caubIsaveM tIrthaMkara ke nirvANa ke bAda aThAraha koTA - koTI sAgaropama bota jAne para ikSvAkubhUmi ( Ikha ke kheta ke kinAre), nAbhikulakara kI patnI marudevI kI kukSi se vartamAna caubIsI ke prathama tIrthaMkara zrI RSabhadevajI (AdinAthajI ) kA janma huA 1 bhagavAn ke donoM uruoM meM vRSabha (baila) kA lakSaNa thA, tathA bhagavAn kI mAtA ne jo 14 svapna dekhe the, unameM prathama svapna 'vRSabha' kA hI dekhA thA / isalie bhagavAn kA guNaniSpanna zubha nAma RSabhadeva yA vRSabhanAtha rakhA gayA thaa| inake zarIra kA varNa svarNa ke samAna pIlA thA / inakA lakSaNa (lA~chana yA cihna) ' vRSabha kA thA / inake zarIra kI U~cAI 500 dhanuSa kI, aura Ayu 84 lAkha pUrva kI thI / 83 lAkha pUrva taka gRhasthAvasthA 1 2 1 yaha lakSaNa yA cihna tIrthaMkaroM ke paira meM aura kisI-kisI ke kathanAnusAra vakSasthala meM hotA hai / 2 70 lAkha 56 hajAra varSa ko 1 karor3a se guNA karane para 70560000000000 varSoM kA eka pUrva hotA hai /
Page #125
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 56 meM rahe, tathA eka lAkha pUrva taka zramaNadharma kA pAlana karake tIsare Are ke jaba 3 varSa, 8 mAsa aura 1 pakSa (pandraha dina) zeSa rahe the, taba dasa hajAra (10,000) sAdhuoM ke sAtha mokSa padhAre / (2) zrI ajitanAthajI zrI RSabhadevajI se 50 lAkha karoDa sAgara ke bAda, ayodhyAnagarI ke rAjA jitazatru kI rAnI vijayAdevI se dUsare tIrthaMkara ajitanAthajI hue| 22 parISaha, 4 kaSAya, 8 mada aura 4 prakAra ke upasarga, ye saba bhagavAn ko jIta na sake, isalie bhagavAn kA guNaniSpanna zubha nAma ajitanAthajI huaa| ___ eka ghaTanA yaha bhI hai ki bhagavAn jaba mAtA ke garbha meM the, usa samaya manovinoda ke lie rAjA aura rAnI donoM caupar3a khela rahe the, usa samaya rAjA rAnI ko jIta na sakA, isalie mAtA-pitA ne bhagavAn kA nAma 'ajitanAtha' rkhaa| - inake zarIra kA varNa svarNasadRza pIlA aura lakSaNa hAthI kA thaa| deha kI U~cAI 450 dhanuSa kI aura Ayu 72 lAkha pUrva kI thii| 71 lAkha pUrva taka gRhasthAvasthA meM rhe| eka lAkha pUrva taka saMyama pAlakara anta meM eka hajAra (1000) sAdhuoM ke sAtha mokSa padhAre / (3) zrI sambhavanAthajI zrI ajitanAthajI se 30 karor3a sAgaropama pazcAt zrAvastI nagarI meM jitAri rAjA kI senAdevI rAnI se tIsare tIrthaMkara zrI sambhavanAthajI kA janma huaa| jisakI stuti karane se 'zaM' arthAt-sukha tathA kalyANa prApta hotA hai, use 'zaMbhava' kahate haiM ! anya ghaTanA yaha bhI hai ki jisa samaya bhagavAn mAtA ke garbha meM Ae, usa samaya pRthvI para dhAnyoM kI atyanta utpatti (sambhava) huI, isalie bhagavAn kA nAma 'sambhavanAtha' huaa| inake zarIra kA bhI varNa svarNasama pIlA aura lakSaNa azva kA thaa| zarIra kI U~cAI 400 dhanuSa kI tathA Ayu 60 lAkha pUrva kI thii| 56 lAkha pUrva taka gRhavAsa meM rahe, eka lAkha pUrva taka saMyama-pAlana kiyA aura anta meM eka hajAra (1000) sAdhuoM ke sAtha mokSa pdhaare| (4) zrI abhinandanajI zrI sambhavanAthajI ke mokSagamana ke uparAnta dasa lAkha karor3a sAgaropama vyatIta ho jAne para vinItAnagarI meM saMvara rAjA kI siddhArthA rAnI kI
Page #126
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 60 : jaina tattvakalikA kukSi se cauthe tIrthaMkara zrI abhinandanajI kA janma haa| devendra Adi ke dvArA abhinandana (stuti-stava) kiyA gayA, isa kAraNa ApakA 'abhinandana' nAma par3A athavA jaba se bhagavAn garbha meM Ae the, tabhI se zakrendra dvArA bAra-bAra abhinandana kiye (badhAI diye yA stuti kiye) jAne ke kAraNa bhagavAn kA nAma 'abhinandana' diyA gyaa| inake zarIra kA varNa svarNa sadRza pIlA tathA lakSaNa kapi kA thaa| zarIra kI U~cAI 350 dhanuSa kI tathA Ayu 50 lAkha pUrva kI thii| 46 lAkha pUrva taka gRhavAsa meM rahe, eka lAkha pUrva taka cAritra pAlA aura anta meM eka hajAra (1000) sAdhuoM ke sAtha mukti prApta kii| (5) zrI sumatinAthajI tadanantara ha lAkha karor3a sAgaropama bIta jAne para kaMcanapUra nagara meM megharatha rAjA kI sumaMgalA rAnI kI kukSi se pA~caveM tIrthaMkara zrI sumatinAthajI kA janma huaa| sUndara mati hone se inakA nAma 'sumati' huaa| eka ghaTanA yaha bhI hai ki bhagavAn jisa samaya mAtA ke garbha meM Ae, tabhI se mAtA kI mati suvyavasthita sunizcita ho gaI thI, ataeva bhagavAna kA nAma 'samatinAtha' rakhA gyaa| isake zarIra kA varNa bhI svarNasama pIta aura lakSaNa krauMca pakSI kA thA / inakA dehamAna 300 dhanuSa kA tathA AyuSya 40 lAkha pUrva kA thaa| 36 lAkha pUrva taka gRhasthavAsa meM rahe, eka lAkha pUrva taka saMyama kA pAlana karake anta meM, eka hajAra (1000) muniyoM ke sAtha nirvANa ko prApta hue| (6) zrI padmaprabhajI __ tatpazcAt 60 haz2Ara karor3a sAgaropama ke pazcAt kauzAmbI nagarI meM zrIdhara rAjA kI sUsImA rAnI se chaThe tIrthaMkara zrI padmaprabhajI kA janma huaa| inake zarIra kA varNa mANikya ke samAna lAla aura lakSaNa padma (kamala) kA thaa| viSayavAsanArUpI paMka se nilipta padma ke samAna prabhA hone ke kAraNa 'padmaprabha' nAma huaa| anya kAraNa yaha bhI thA-mAtA ko padmazayyA para zayana karane kA dohada utpanna huA thA, vaha devatA dvArA pUrNa kiyA thA, tathA zarIra kA varNa padma kamala sadRza thA, isa kAraNa bhI inakA nAma 'padmaprabha' rakhA gyaa| ___ isake zarIra kI UMcAI 250 dhanuSa kI aura Ayu 30 lAkha pUrva kI thii| 26 lAkha pUrva taka gRhasthavAsa meM aura 1 lAkha pUrva taka muni jIvana meM rahe, anta meM tIna sau ATha (308) muniyoM ke sAtha mokSa prApta kiyaa| (7) zrI supArzvanAthajI tadanantara nau hajAra karor3a sAgaropama ke pazcAt vArANAsI nagarI meM
Page #127
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 61 pratiSTha rAjA kI pRthvIdevI rAnI kI kukSi se sAtaveM tIrthaMkara zrI supArzvanAtha jI kA janma huA / inake zarIra kA varNa svarNasama pIlA aura lakSaNa svastika kA thaa| donoM pArzva (bAjU) zobhanIya hone se inakA nAma 'supArzva ' huA; athavA bhagavAn jaba garbha meM the taba mAtA ke donoM pArzva (bAjU) zobhanIya hogae the / ataeva bhagavAn kA nAma supArzva rakhA gayA / Apake zarIra kI U~cAI 200 dhanuSa kI aura Ayu 20 lAkha pUrva kI thI / 16 lAkha pUrva taka gRhasthajIvana meM aura 1 lAkha pUrva saMyamI jIvana meM rahe / anta meM pA~ca sau (500) muniyoM ke sAtha nirvANa ko prApta hue / ( 5 ) zrI candraprabhajI zrI supArzvanAthajI ke 600 karor3a sAgara ke pazcAt candrapurI nagarI ke mahAsena rAjA kI lakSmaNAdevI rAnI se AThaveM tIrthaMkara zrI candraprabhajI kA janma huA / candramA ke samAna saumya prabhA - lezyA hone ke kAraNa tathA bhagavAn jaba garbha meM Ae the, taba mAtA ko candrapAna karane kA dohada utpanna huA thA, isa kAraNa prabhu kA nAma candraprabha rakhA gayA / inake zarIra kA varNa hIre ke samAna zveta aura lakSaNa candramA kA thA / Apake zarIra kI U~cAI 150 dhanuSa kI aura Ayu 10 lAkha pUrva kI thI / Apa nau lAkha pUrva taka gRhavAsa meM aura eka lAkha pUrva munijIvana meM rahe / anta meM, eka hajAra sAdhuoM ke sAtha mukta hue / (1) zrI suvidhinAthajI zrI candraprabhajI se 60 karor3a sAgaropama ke pazcAt kAkandI nagarI ke sugrIva rAjA kI rAmAdevI rAnI se nauveM tIrthaMkara zrIsuvidhinAthajI kA janma huA / sundara vidhi-vidhAna vAle hone se athavA bhagavAn ke garbha meM Ane para mAtA sundara vidhi-vidhAna karane vAlI ho gaI thI, isalie 'zrI suvidhinAtha' nAma rakhA gayA / inakA zarIra varNa hIre ke samAna zveta aura lakSaNa matsya kA thA / dehamAna 100 dhanuSa kA evaM AyuSya do lAkha pUrva kA thA, jisameM se 1 lAkha pUrva gRhasthavAsa meM aura 1 lAkha pUrva munijIvana meM bitAe / anta meM, eka hajAra (1000) sAdhuoM sahita mukta hue| ApakA dUsarA nAma 'puSpadanta' bhI hai / (10) zrI zItalanAthajI tadanantara nau karor3a sAgaropama ke bAda bhaddalapura nagara ke rAjA dRr3haratha
Page #128
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 62 : jaina tattvakalikA kI rAnI nandAdevI se zrI zItalanAthajI kA janma huaa| samasta jIvoM kA santApa-haraNa karane se tathA bhagavAn jaba mAtA ke garbha meM the, usa samaya Apake pitA ko pittadAha kA roga thA, vaha vaidyoM ke upacAroM se zAnta nahIM ho skaa| kintu bhagavAn kI mAtA ke sparza se roga zAnta ho gayA usakI tapana miTa kara zItalatA vyApta ho gii| isa prakAra garbhastha jIva kA mAhAtmya jAnakara bhagavAn kA nAma 'zItalanAtha' rakhA gyaa| Apake zarIra kA varNa svarNa ke samAna pIlA aura lakSaNa zrIvatsa kA thaa| dehamAna 60 dhanuSa aura AyuSya 1 lAkha pUrva kA thaa| pauna lAkha pUrva taka gRhasthavAsa meM rahe aura pAva lAkha pUrva taka saMyama pAlana karake anta meM eka hajAra (1000) muniyoM ke sAtha siddha-buddha-mukta hue| (11) zrI zreyAMsanAthajI chayAsaTha lAkha chabbIsa hajAra eka sau sAgara kama eka karor3a sAgaropama ke pazcAt siMhapurI nagarI meM, viSNa rAjA kI viSNudevI rAnI se gyArahaveM tIrthaMkara zrI zreyAMsanAthajI kA janma huaa| jagat ke sarvaprANiyoM kA zreya-kalyANa karane se tathA bhagavAn jaba garbhavAsa meM the, taba Apake pitA ke ghara meM eka devAdhiSThita zayyA thI / usa para koI bhI baiTha nahIM sakatA thaa| yadi koI baiThatA to use asamAdhi utpanna ho jAtI thii| kintu garbha ke . prabhAva se rAnI ko usa zayyA para sone kA dohada utpanna huaa| ataH vaha usa zayyA para so gii| kintu garbhastha bhagavAna ke atulanIya prabhAva se devatA ne kisI bhI prakAra kA upasarga nahIM kiyA; isa kAraNa se bhagavAn kA nAma 'zrI zreyAMsanAtha' rakhA gyaa| __ inake zarIra kA varNa sone-sA polA aura lakSaNa thA-geMDe kA / ApakA zarIramAna 80 dhanuSa kA aura AyuSya 84 lAkha varSa kA thaa| jisameM se 63 lAkha varSa taka gRhasthAzrama meM rahe, tatpazcAt 21 lAkha varSa taka saMyama-pAlana kiyaa| anta meM eka hajAra (1000) muniyoM ke sAtha mokSa phuNce| (12) zrI vAsupUjyajI tadanantara 54 sAgaropama vyatIta hone para campApurI nagarI meM vasupUjya rAjA kI jayAdevI rAnI kI kukSi se bArahaveM tIrthaMkara zrI vAsupUjya kA janma huaa| vasupUjya rAjA ke putra hone se, athavA vasu-devoM dvArA pUjanIya hone se tathA zrIbhagavAn jaba garbhAvasthA meM the, taba vasu (hiraNya-suvarNarUpa dhana) dvArA vaizramaNa deva ne ghara ko pUrA bhara diyA thA, isalie zrI bhagavAn kA
Page #129
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 63 nAma vAsupUjya huA / athavA 'vAsava' nAmaka indroM dvArA pUjita hone se ApakA nAma 'vAsupUjya' par3A / Apake zarIra kA varNa mANikya jaisA lAla thA / ApakA lakSaNa mahiSa (bhaiMse ) kA thaa| Apake zarIra kI U~cAI 70 dhanuSa aura Ayu 72 lAkha varSa kI thii| jisameM se aThAraha lAkha varSa kumAra avasthA meM rahe, vivAha nahIM kiyA aura 54 lAkha varSa taka munijIvana meM rahe / anta meM, chaha sau (600) munivaroM ke sAtha Apane mukti prApta kI / (13) zrI vimalanAthajI tatpazcAt 30 sAgaropama vyatIta hone para kampilapura nagara meM kRtavarma rAjA kI zyAmAdevI rAnI se terahaveM tIrthaMkara zrI vimalanAthajI kA janma huA / ATha karmarUpI mala dUra ho gayA thA athavA nirmalajJAnAdi ke yoga se 'vimala' nAma huA / athavA bhagavAn jaba garbha meM the, taba unakI mAtA kI tathA deha nirmala ho gaI thI, isa kAraNa se bhagavAn kA nAmakaraNa kiyA - 'vimalanAtha / ' gayA Apake zarIra kA varNa svarNa sadRza pIlA aura vArAha (zUkara ) IT lakSaNa thA / zarIra kI U~cAI 60 dhanuSa kI tathA Ayu 60 lAkha varSa kI thI / jisameM se 45 lAkha varSa taka gRhavAsa meM rahe aura 15 lAkha varSa taka saMyama pAlA / anta meM, chaha hajAra (6000) muniyoM ke sAtha Apa sarvakarmamukta hokara mokSa meM jA virAje / (14) zrI anantanAthajI usake bAda nau sAgaropama bIta jAne para ayodhyAnagarI meM siMhasena rAjA kI suyazA rAnI se caudahaveM tIrthaMkara zrI anantanAthajI kA janma huA / Apake guNoM kA koI anta nahIM thA, isa kAraNa se athavA ananta karmoM ke aMza ko jItane se anantajJAna utpanna hone ke kAraNa 'anantanAtha' nAma par3A / Apake zarIra kA varNa sone-sA pIlA thA, aura lakSaNa sikare pakSI kA thA / zarIra kI U~cAI 50 dhanuSa kI aura Ayu 30 lAkha varSa kI thI, jisameM se sAr3ha e bAIsa lAkha varSa taka gRhavAsa meM rahe, sAr3he sAta lAkha varSa taka saMyama pAlA aura anta meM sAta hajAra ( 7000) munivaroM ke sAtha nirvANa ko prApta hue / (15) zrI dharmanAthajI tatpazcAt cAra sAgaropama vyatIta hone para ratnapurI nagarI meM, bhAnu
Page #130
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 64 : jaina tattva kalikA rAjA kI suvratA rAnI se pandrahaveM tIrthaMkara zrI dharmanAthajI kA janma huaa| durgati meM par3ate hae prANiyoM ko dhAraNa karane vAle hone se tathA jaba Apa mAtA ke garbha meM the, taba mAtA kI ruci dAna Adi dharmakAryoM meM vizeSa ho gaI thii| isa kAraNa se bhagavAna kA nAma 'dharmanAtha' rakhA gyaa| inake zarIra kA raMga sone kA sA pIlA thA, lakSaNa vajra kA thaa| dehamAna 45 dhanuSa kA tathA Ayu 10 lAkha varSa kI thii| jisameM se sAr3he sAta lAkha varSa taka gRhastha jIvana meM aura DhAI lAkha varSa saMyamI jIvana meM vyatIta kiye / anta meM, ATha sau (800) sAdhuoM ke sAtha siddhi prApta kii| (16) zrI zAntinAthajI zrI dharmanAthajI ke bAda pauna palya kama tIna sAgaropama vyatIta ho jAne para hastinApura ke rAjA vizvasena ko acirA rAnI se solahaveM tIrthakara zrI zAntinAthajI kA janma huaa| zAnti ke yoga se athavA zAnti karane vAle hone se zAntinAtha nAma rakhA gayA thA athavA bhagavAn jaba garbhavAsa meM the, taba deza meM jo mahAmArI kA aziva (roga) thA, usakI zAnti ho gaI thii| ataeva ApakA nAma 'zAntinAtha' rakhA gyaa| Apake zarIra kA varNa pIlA svarNa-sA thA, lakSaNa mRga kA thaa| dehamAna 40 dhanuSa aura AyuSya 1 lAkha varSa kA thaa| jisameM se 75 hajAra varSa taka gRhastha jIvana meM rahe aura zeSa 25 hajAra varSa taka saMyama pAlana kiyaa| anta meM 600 muniyoM ke sAtha mukti prApta kii| (17) zrI kunthunAthajI tatpazcAt AdhA palyopama vyatIta hone para hastinApura ke sUra rAjA kI zrI rAnI se satrahaveM tIrthaMkara zrI kunthunAthajI kA janma huaa| 'ku' arthAta pathvI para sthita ho gae, isase bhagavAn kA nAma 'kunthu' par3A / athavA bhagavAn jaba garbha meM the, taba unakI mAtA ne ratnamaya kunthuoM kI rAzi ko dekhA thA, isa kAraNa bhagavAn kA nAma 'kunthunAtha' rakhA gyaa| inake zarIra kA varNa sone-sA pIlA thaa| inakA lakSaNa aja thaa| inake zarIra kI U~cAI 35 dhanuSa kI aura Ayu 65 hajAra varSa kI thii| savA ikahattara hajAra varSa taka gRhasthavAsa meM aura paune caubIsa hajAra varSa taka munidharma meM rahe / anta meM, eka hajAra muniyoM ke sAtha mokSa pdhaare| (18) zrI aranAthajI zrI kunthunAthajI ke eka karor3a eka hajAra varSa kama pAva palyopama ke pazcAt hastinApura nagara ke sudarzana rAjA kI devI rAnI se aThArahaveM
Page #131
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 65 tIrthaMkara zrI aranAthajI kA janma haa| sabase uttama mahAsAttvika kula meM jo utpanna hotA hai tathA jo kula kI vaddhi karane vAlA hotA hai, use vRddha puruSa 'ara' kahate haiM tathA jaba bhagavAn garbha meM the, taba mAtA ne svapnAvasthA meM sarvaratnamaya ara (karavata) dekhA thaa| isI kAraNa se bhagavAn kA zubha nAma 'aranAtha' rkhaa| bhagavAn ke zarIra kA varNa svarNasadaza pIlA thaa| inakA lakSaNa thAnandAvarta svastika / deha kI U~cAI 30 dhanuSa kI aura Ayu 84 hajAra varSa ko thii| ve 63 hajAra varSa gRhasthAzrama meM rahe aura 21 hajAra varSa taka saMyama pAlana kiyA / anta meM, eka hajAra muniyoM ke sAtha mokSa padhAre / (16) zrI mallinAthajI tadanantara eka karor3a eka hajAra varSa bIta jAne para mithilAnagarI ke kumbha rAjA kI prabhAvatI rAnI se unnIsaveM tIrthaMkara bhagavatI malli kA janma huA / paroSaha Adi malloM ko jItane ke kAraNa ApakA nAma 'malli' par3A athavA jaba bhagavatI mAtA ke garbha meM thIM, taba mAtA ko sugandhita puSpoM kI mAlA kI zayyA para sone kA dohada utpanna huA thA, jo devatA dvArA pUrNa kiyA gyaa| isIkAraNa se ApakA nAma malli rakhA gayA / Apake zarIra kA varNa pannA ke samAna harA thaa| ApakA lakSaNa kumbha thA / ApakA dehamAna 25 dhanuSa kA aura AyuSya 55 hajAra varSa kA thA / Apa 100 varSa taka gRhasthavAsa meM aura 54600 varSa taka saMyamIjIvana meM rhiiN| anta meM, 500 sAdhuoM aura 500 AryAoM ke sAtha Apane mukti prApta kii| (20) zrI munisuvratasvAmIjI tadanantara 54 lAkha varSa ke pazcAt rAjagRha nagara ke sumitra rAjA kI padamAvatI rAnI se bIsaveM tIrthaMkara zrI munisuvratasvAmIjI kA janma huaa| jo jagat kI trikAlAvasthA para manana karatA hai, vaha muni hai, jisake sundara munivrata haiM, vaha munisuvrata hotA hai tathA jaba bhagavAn mAtA ke garbha meM the, taba unakI mAtA muni ke samAna sundara vrata vAlI ho gaI thI / isa kAraNa bhagavAn kA nAma munisuvrata rakhA gyaa| bhagavAn ke zarIra kA varNa nIlama jaisA zyAma thaa| ApakA lakSaNa thA-kUrma (kachuA) / deha kI U~cAI 20 dhanuSa kI aura Ayu 30 hajAra varSa kI thii| Apa sAr3he bAIsa hajAra varSa taka gRhavAsa meM aura sAr3he sAta hajAra varSa taka muni jIvana meM rhe| anta meM, eka hajAra muniyoM sahita mokSa phuNce|
Page #132
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 66 : jaina tatvakalikA (21) zrI naminAthajI phira 6 lAkha varSoM ke bAda, mathurAnagarI ke vijaya rAjA kI viprAdevI rAnI se ikkIsaveM tIrthaMkara zrI naminAthajI kA janma huA / parISaha, upasarga Adi zatruoM ko namA - jhukA dene se 'nami' nAma par3A tathA bhagavAn jaba garbhavAsa meM the, taba vairI rAjA Akara bhagavAn ke pitA ke Age nama-jhuka gae, namaskAra karane laga ge| isI kAraNa ApakA nAma 'naminAtha' rakhA gayA / Apake zarIra kA varNa sone-sA pIlA aura lakSaNa nIlakamala kA thA / Apake zarIra kI avagAhanA 15 dhanuSa kI aura Ayu dasa hajAra varSa kI thI / jisa meM se sAr3he sAta hajAra varSa taka gRhasthAvasthA meM rahe aura zeSa DhAI hajAra varSa taka saMyama- pAlana kiyaa| anta meM eka hajAra muniyoM ke sAtha mokSa prApta kiyA / (22) zrI ariSTanemijI (neminAthajI ) tatpazcAt 5 lAkha varSoM ke bAda saurIpura nagara ke samudravijaya rAjA kI zivAdevI rAnI kI kukSi se bAIsaveM tIrthaMkara zrI ariSTanemijI kA janma huA / dharmacakra kI nemi ( puTThI yA dhArA ke samAna jisake jIvanacakra kI nemi (dhArA) ho yaha nemi hai tathA jaba bhagavAn mAtA ke garbha meM the, taba mAtA ne ariSTaratnamaya nemi (cakra dhArA) AkAza meM, utpanna hotI dekhI thI, isa kAraNa se ApakA nAmakaraNa 'ariSTaneminAtha' kiyA / Apake zarIra kA varNa nIlama ke samAna zyAma thA aura lakSaNa thAzaMkha kA / dehamAna 10 dhanuSa kA aura AyuSya eka hajAra varSa kA thA / jisameM se 300 varSa taka gRhavAsa meM aura zeSa 700 varSa taka saMyamI jIvana-sAdhanA meM rahe / anta meM, 536 muniyoM ke sAtha mokSa meM padhAre / (23) zrI pArzva nAthajo zrI ariSTanemi ke pazcAt 83 hajAra 750 varSa bIta jAne para vArANasI ke azvasena rAjA kI vAmAdevI rAnI se teIsaveM tIrthaMkara zrI pArzvanAtha kA janma huaa| jo jJAna se sarvabhAvoM ko sparza karatA - jAnatA hai, vaha pArzva hai / athavA pArzva nAmaka yakSa jinakI vaiyAvRtya - sevA karatA hai, usa pArzvayakSa ke nAtha hone se bhI Apa pArzvanAtha kahalAte haiM / jaba bhagavAn garbhAvAsa meM the, taba zayyA para sthita mAtA ne rAtri ke gAr3ha andhakAra sarpa dekhA thA, ataH 'pazyati' - dekhatI hai, isa kAraNa se bhI ApakA nAma pArzva rakhA gayA /
Page #133
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 67 inake zarIra kA varNa panne kA-sA harA aura lakSaNa sarpa thA / dehamAna hai hAtha kA aura AyuSya 100 varSa kA thaa| 30 varSa taka gRhavAsa meM aura 70 varSa taka muni paryAya meM rahakara anta meM 33 zramaNoM ke sAtha mukti prApta kii| (24) zrI mahAvIrasvAmI bhagavAn pArzvanAtha se 250 varSa ke pazcAt kSatriyakuNDa nagara ke siddhArtha rAjA kI rAnI trizalAdevI se caubIsaveM tIrthaMkara zrI vaddha mAna (mahAvIra) kA janma huaa| bhayaMkara upasargoM aura paroSahoM ko sahane meM mahAn vIra hone ke kAraNa inakA nAma mahAvIra par3a gyaa| janmanAma vaddha mAna thA / mAtA ke garbha meM Ane ke bAda inake ghara meM dhana-dhAnya, svarNa-rajata Adi ko dinoMdina vRddhi hone lgii| isa kAraNa Apake mAtApitA ne ApakA nAma 'vartamAna' rkhaa| __Apake zarIra kA varNa svarNa sadRza pIlA thA; siMha kA lakSaNa thaa| deha kI U~cAI sAta hAtha kI aura Ayu 72 varSa ko thii| tIsa varSa gRhasthAvasthA meM rahe aura 42 varSa taka saMyama-pAlana kiyaa| jaba cauthe Are ke tIna varSa sAr3he ATha mAsa zeSa the, tabhI Apa akele ho pAvApUro meM nirvANa ko prApta hue| jambUdvIpIya bharatakSetra ko bhUtakAlIna caubIso jambUdvIpAntargata bharatakSetra ke bhUtakAla meM jo 24 tIrthakara hue haiM, unakI nAmAvalI isa prakAra hai 1. zrI kevalajJAnIjI . 13. zrI sumatijI 2. ,, nirvANIjI 14. ,, zivagatijI 3. ,, sAgarajI 15. ,, astAMgajI 4. ,, mahAyazajI 16. , namozvarajI 5 , vimalajI 17. ,, anilajI ,, sarvAnubhUtijI 18. ,, yazodharajI ,, zrIdharajI 16. , kRtArthajI 20. , jinezvarajI ,, dAmodarajI , zuddhamatijI 10. , sutejAjI 22. ,, zivaMkarajI 11. , svAmInAthajI 23. , syandananAthajI 12 , munisuvratajI 24. , sampratijI *o 9 if 8. ,, dattajI / ci
Page #134
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 68 : jaina tatvakalikA jambUdvIpIya bharatakSetra ke bhAvI tIrthaMkaroM kA paricaya (1) zroNika rAjA kA jIva prathama svarga se Akara prathama tIrthaMkara 'zrI padmanAbha' ke rUpa meM janma legaa| (2) zrI mahAvIra svAmI ke cAcA zrI supArzva kA jIva devaloka se Akara dvitIya tIrthaMkara 'zrI suradeva' ke rUpa meM janma legaa| (3) koNika rAjA ke putra (pATalIpurapati) udAyI rAjA kA jIva devaloka se Akara 'zrI supA' nAmaka tRtIya tIrthakara rhegaa| (4) poTTila anagAra kA jIva tosare devaloka se Akara 'zrI svayamprabha' nAmaka caturtha tIrthakara hogaa| (5) dRr3hayuddha zrAvaka kA jIva pA~caveM devaloka se Akara 'zrI sarvAnubhUti' nAma kA pA~cavA~ tIrthaMkara hogaa| (6) kArtika zrISTho' kA jIva, prathama devaloka se Akara zrI devabhUti' nAmaka chaThA tIrthaMkara hogaa| (7) zaMkha zrAvaka kA jIva devaloka se Akara saptama tIrthaMkara 'zrI udayanAtha ke rUpa meM janma legaa| (8) Ananda zrAvaka kA jIva devaloka se Akara 'zrI peDhAla' nAma . kA AThavA~ tIrthaMkara hogaa| (e) sunanda zrAvaka kA jIva devaloka se Akara 'zrI poTilla' nAmaka nauvAM tIrthaMkara hogaa| (10) pokkhalI zrAvaka ke dharmabhAI zataka zrAvaka kA jIva devaloka se Akara dasavA~ tIrthaMkara 'zrI zataka'5 hogaa| (11) zrIkRSNa kI mAtA devakI rAnI kA jova naraka se Akara 'zrI munivrata' nAmaka gyArahavA~ tIrthaMkara hogaa| 1 yaha kArtika zreSThI, jo prathama devaloka kA indra banA hai, vaha nahIM hai, koI aura hI hai| kyoMki prathama devaloka ke indra kI Ayu do sAgaropama hai aura isakA antara thor3A hai| -0 2 bhagavatIsUtra meM varNita zaMkha zrAvaka yaha nahIM hai, yaha koI aura hI zaMkha zrAvaka hai| 3 upAsakadazAMga meM varNita Ananda zrAvaka se yaha bhinna hai| yaha samyagdRSTi, mANDalika rAjA, cakravartI, sAdhu, kevalajJAnI aura tIrthaMkara ina 6 padaviyoM ke dhAraka hoNge| 4-5 ye donoM bhI pUrvokta chaha padaviyoM ke dhAraka hoNge| -saM0
Page #135
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 6e ( 12 ) zrIkRSNa kA jIva 'amama' nAmaka bArahavA~ tIrthaMkara hogA / (13) sujyeSThajI kA putra, satyakIrudra kA jIva naraka se Akara terahavA~ 'zrI niSkaSAya' nAmaka tIrthaMkara hogA / (14) zrIkRSNa ke bhrAtA balabhadrajI kA jIva pA~caveM devaloka se Akara 'zrI niSpulAka' nAmaka caudahavA~ tIrthaMkara hogA / (15) rAjagRha ke dhannA sArthavAha kI bAndhavapatnI sulasA zrAvikA kA jIva devaloka se Akara 'zrI nirmama' nAmaka pandrahavA~ tIrthaMkara hogA / (16) balabhadrajI kI mAtA rohiNI kA jIva devaloka se Akara 'zrI citragupta' nAmaka solahaveM tIrthaMkara ke rUpa meM utpanna hogA / ( 17 ) kolhApAka baharAne vAlI revatI gAthApatnI kA jIva devaloka se Akara satrahavA~ tIrthaMkara 'zrI samAdhinAtha' hogA / (18) zatatilaka' zrAvaka kA jIva devaloka se Akara 'zrI saMvaranAtha' nAmaka aThArahavA~ tIrthaMkara hogA / (5) dvArikA nagarI ko dagdha karane vAle dvapAyana RSi kA jIva devaloka se Akara unnIsavA~ tIrthaMkara 'zrI yazodhara' hogA / (20) karNa kA jIva devaloka se Akara 'zrI vijaya' nAma kA bIsavA~ tIrthaMkara hogA / (21) nigranthaputra ( malla nArada) kA jIva devaloka se Akara 'zrImalyabreva' nAmaka ikkIsavA~ tIrthaMkara hogA / (22) ambaDa zrAvaka kA jIva devaloka se Akara 'zrI devacandra' ke rUpa meM bAIsavA~ tIrthaMkara hogA / (23) amara kA jIva devaloka se Akara 'zrI anantavIrya' nAmaka teIsaveM tIrthaMkara ke rUpa meM hogA / (24) zanaka kA jIva sarvArthasiddha vimAna se Akara caubIsavA~ tIrthaMkara 'zrI bhadra Mkara' hogA / 1 koI-koI gAMgulI tApasa ko bhI zatatilaka kahate haiM / tattvaM kevaligamyam / saM0 2 isa karNa ko koI kauravoM kA sAthI karNarAjA aura koI campApurIpati vAsupUjyajI ke parivAra ko mAnate haiM / 3 koI-koI ise rAvaNa yuga ke nArada ke jIva mAnate haiM / 4 yaha uvavAIsUtra varNita ambaDa nahIM hai, kintu sulasA zrAvikA kI samyaktva - dRr3hatA kI parIkSA lene vAlA ambaDa parivrAjaka hai /
Page #136
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 70 : jaina tattvakalikA vartamAnakAla meM paMcamahAvidehakSetra meM viharamAna bIsa tIthaMkara nimnalikhita bIsa tIrthaMkara vartamAnakAla meM mahAvidehakSetra meM vicaraNa kara rahe haiM, jinheM bIsa viharamAna tIrthaMkara kahate haiM- .. (1) zrI sImaMdhara svAmI (11) zrI vajradharasvamI (2), yugamandharasvAmI (12) ,, candrAnanasvAmI (3), bAhusvAmI (13) ,, candrabAhasvAmI (4) ,, subAhusvAmI (14) , IzvarasvAmI (5), sujAtasvAmI (15) ,, bhujaMgasvAmI (6) ,, svayamprabhasvAmI (16) ,, nemaprabhasvAmI (7) ,, RSabhAnanasvAmI (17) ,, vIrasenasvAmI (8) ,, anantavIryasvAmI (18) ,, mahAbhadrasvAmI (9) ,, suraprabhasvAmI (16) ,, devasenasvAmI (10),, vizAladharasvAmI (20), ajitavIryasvAmI ina bIsoM viharamAna tIrthaMkara kA janma jambUdvIpa ke bharatakSetra meM hue satrahaveM tIrthaMkara zrI kunthunAthajI ke nirvANa ke pazcAt eka hI samaya meM huA thaa| bIsaveM tIrthaMkara zrI munisuvrata svAmI ke nirvANa ke bAda sabane eka hI samaya meM dIkSA grahaNa kii| ye bIsoM tIrthaMkara eka mAsa taka chadmastha-avasthA . meM rahakara eka hI samaya meM kevalajJAnI hae aura ye bIsoM hI tIrthaMkara bhaviSyakAla kI caubIsI ke sAtaveM tIrthaMkara zrI udayanAthajI ke nirvANa ke pazcAt eka sAtha mokSa pdhaareNge| tIrthakara paramparA zAzvata ye bosoM tIrthaMkara jisa samaya sokSa pakSAreMge, usI samaya mahAvideha kSetra ke dUsare vijaya meM jo-jo tIrthaMkara utpanna hue hoMge, ve dIkSA grahaNa karake tIrthaMkara pada prApta kareMge / aisI paramparA anAdikAla se calI A rahI hai aura Age anantakAla taka calatI rhegii| arthAt-kama se kama bosa tIrthaMkara to avazya hoMge ho-inase kama kabhI na hoMge aura adhika se adhika 170 tIrthaMkaroM se adhika kabhI nahIM hoNge| isa prakAra vibhinna karmabhUmika kSetroM meM ananta tIrthaMkara bhUtakAla meM ho gaye haiM, bIsa vartamAnakAla meM vidyamAna (viharamAna) haiM; aura ananta tIrthaMkara bhaviSya meM hoNge| ye sabhI tIrthaMkara, tIrthaMkara ke pUrvokta svarUpa ro yukta hue haiM, haiM aura hoNge| ina sabakA zarIra candramA se bhI adhika nirmala, zAnta, evaM saumya;
Page #137
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 71 sUrya se bhI adhika tejasvI evaM prakAzamAna tathA nidhUma agni ke samAna dedIpyamAna hotA hai| aise anantaguNoM ke dhAraka, sakala-agha (pApa) nivAraka, sampUrNa jagat ke uddhAraka, moha Adi Antarika zatruoM ke saMhAraka, apUrva udyotakAraka, trividhatApa ke apahAraka, bhUmaNDala ke bhavyajIvoM ke tAraka, ajJAnatimiravidAraka aura sanmArgapracAraka tathA narendra, surendra, ahamindra aura munIndra Adi trilokI ke vandanIya, pUjanIya, mahanIya, upAsya, ArAdhya aura susevya devAdhideva arihanta bhagavAn jIvanmukta mahApuruSa hote haiN| cAra aitihAsika tIrthaMkaroM ke jIvana kI jhA~kI (1) prathama tIrthaMkara : bhagavAna RSabhadeva yadyapi bhagavAn RSabhadeva taka vartamAna itihAsa nahIM pahu~cA hai| kintu vaidika paramparA meM bhI bhAgavata purANa meM RSabhadeva kA jIvana-caritra milatA hai| jainazAstroM aura purANoM Adi meM to unake jIvana ke sambandha meM kAphI prakAza DAlA gayA hai| isalie madhyakAlIna anya tIrthaMkaroM kI apekSA RSabhadeva kA sthAna vyApaka hai aura jaina-janetara donoM samAjoM meM unheM upAsya deva aura pUjya avatArI puruSa mAnA hai| baMgAla Adi kacha prAntoM meM avadhata Adi paMthoM meM avadhata yA gRhastha, avadhuta yogI ke rUpa meM RSabhadeva ke jIvana ko anukaraNIya Adarza mAnate haiN| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki prAcIna kAla meM AyajAti ke ve sAmAnya upAsya deva the| __jaina aura jainetara sAhitya se tathA prAcIna zilAlekhoM se aura purAtAttvika utkhanana tathA gaveSaNAoM se yaha spaSTa hai ki bhagavAn RSabhadeva isa yuga meM jainadharma Adya pravartaka tIrthaMkara the| yaugalika paramparA kAlacakra jagat ke hrAsa aura vikAsa ke krama kA sAkSI hai| jaba yaha kAlacakra nIce kI ora jAtA hai, taba hrAsonmukhI gati hotI hai, jise avasarpiNI kahate haiN| isameM bhaugolika paristhiti, mAnavIya sabhyatA aura saMskRti kI tathA varNa-gandha-rasa-spaza, sahanana, saMsthAna, AyuSya, zarIra, sUkha Adi kI kramazaH avanati hotI hai| kintu jaba kAlacakra Upara kI ora jAtA hai taba ina sabakI kramazaH unnati hotI hai| isa vikAsonmukhI gati ko utsapiNI kahate haiN| avasarpiNo kI caramasImA hI utsarpiNI kA prArambha hai aura utsa 1 cAra tIrthaMkara (paM0 sukhalAlajI), pR0 8
Page #138
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 72 : jaina tatvakalikA piNI kA anta hI avasarpiNI kA janma hai / pratyeka avasarpiNI aura utsarpiNI ke chaha-chaha Are (parva) hote haiM / isa samaya hama avasarpiNI kAla ke paMcama Are meM jI rahe haiM / bhagavAn RSabhadeva iso avasarpiNI kAla ke tIsare Are meM hue / avasarpiNI kAla ke 6 bhAgoM meM se prathama aura dvitIya bhAga (Are) meM na koI dharma-karma hotA hai, na rAjA aura na koI samAja / eka parivAra meM pati aura patnI, ye do hI hote haiM / pAsa meM lage vRkSoM se, jo ki kalpavRkSa kahalAte haiM, unheM apane jIvana nirvAha ke lie sabhI Avazyaka padArtha mila jAte haiM, usI meM ve prasanna evaM santuSTa rahate haiM / eka putra aura putrI ko janma dekara ve donoM cala basate haiM / ye donoM bAlaka hI bar3e hone para pati-patnI ke rUpa meM rahane lagate haiM / vivAha prathA kA prArambha nahIM huA thA / tIsare Are kA bahuta-sA aMza bIta jAne para bhI yahI krama rahatA hai / isa kAla meM manuSyoM kA jIvanakrama bhogapradhAna hone se ise bhogabhUmikAla kahate haiM / yahI yaugalika vyavasthA cala rahI thI / na kula thA, na varga aura na jAti, samAja aura rAjya kI to kalpanA hI nahIM thI / janasaMkhyA bahuta hI kama thii| jIvana kI AvazyakatAe~ bhI bahuta hI kama thIM / na khetI hotI thI, na vastra banatA thA aura na mkaan| bhojana, vastra aura nivAsa ke sAdhana kalpavRkSa the / zRMgAra, Amoda-pramoda, vidyA, kalA, vijJAna sabhyatA aura saMskRti kA to koI nAma hI nahIM jAnatA thA / na koI vAhana thA, na koI yAtrI | grAma aura nagara base hI na the / na ghara bane the / na koI svAmI thA, na hI sevaka: zAsaka aura zAsita yA zoSaka ora zoSita bhI koI na thA / pArivArika sambandha bhI nahIM thA / na dharma thA aura na hI dharma-pracAraka the / zAnta svabhAva ke hote the / asatya Adi vikRtiyA~ usa samaya ke loga sahaja-dharma pAlate the, nindA, cugalI, Aropa, hatyA, mAra-kATa, corI, unameM nahIM thI / hInatA aura utkarSa kI bhAvanA bhI nahIM thI zastra aura zAstra donoM se ve anajAna the / anbrahmacarya sImita thA / loga sadA sahaja Ananda aura zAnti meM lIna rahane the / kulakara paramparA tIsarA ArA lagabhaga bItane AyA, tabhI sahaja samRddhi kA kramika hrAsa hone lagA / kalpavRkSoM kI zakti bhI kSINa ho clii| yaha karmabhUmiyuga ke Ane kA saMketa thA / yaugalika vyavasthA TUTane lagI / eka ora AvazyakatA - pUrti ke sAdhana kama hue to dUsarI ora janasaMkhyA aura jIvana kI Avazyaka
Page #139
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 73 tAe~ bar3hane lgiiN| pariNAmasvarUpa aparAdha, saMgharSa aura avyavasthA kA prArambha huaa| isa sthiti ne yaugalika janatA ko nayI vyavasthA ke lie socane ko majabUra kara diyA / phalasvarUpa kulavyavasthA kA vikAsa huaa| loga 'kula' ke rUpa meM saMgaThita hokara rahane lge| kaloM kA eka netA hotA thA, jo 'kulakara' kahalAtA thaa| vaha kaloM kI vyavasthA karatA, unakI sukha-suvidhAoM kA dhyAna rakhatA aura aparAdhoM para niyaMtraNa rkhtaa| yaha zAsanataMtra kA AdirUpa thaa| kulakara vyavasthA meM tIna daNDanItiyA~ pracalita huIM--(1) hAkAra, (2) mAkAra aura (3) dhikkAra / antima (sAtaveM) kulakara 'nAbhi' ke samaya taka dhikkAranIti kA prayoga hone lagA thaa| nAbhi kulakara kA netRtva cala rahA thaa| isI daurAna kalpavRkSoM se aparyApta sAdhana milane ke kAraNa Apasa meM saMgharSa hone lage / jo yugala zAnta aura santuSTa the, unameM krodha aura asantoSa kA udaya hone lgaa| paraspara lar3ane-jhagar3ane lge| ina paristhitiyoM se ghabarAkara ve nAbhirAya se isa viSaya meM parAmarza karane hetu phuNce| unhoMne isa samasyA ke hala ke lie apane putra RSabhakumAra ke pAsa jAne ko kahA / RSabhadeva se jaba unhoMne sArI sthiti kahI to unhoMne karma karane, rAjA banAne aura usake zAsana ke niyaMtraNa meM rahane kI AvazyakatA para bala diyaa| phalasvarUpa kulakara nAbhirAya ke kahane para sabane RSabhadeva ko apanA rAjA ghoSita kiyA, unakA rAjyAbhiSeka kiyaa| prathama rAjA RSabhadeva ne rAjya saMcAlana ke lie jo nagarI basAI usakA nAma rakhA-vinItA (ayodhyaa)| loga araNyavAsa chor3akara nagaravAsI bana gye| yuga ke prathama rAjA RSabha bane, zeSa janatA prajA bana gaI, jisakA ve apanI saMtAna kI bhA~ti pAlana karane lge| RSabhadeva ke krAntikArI aura suvyavasthA se yukta saMcAlana se karmabhUmika yuga kA zrIgaNeza huaa| vastuoM kI AdAnapradAna praNAlI tathA unake hisAba-kitAba ke lie vaizya varga kI sthApanA kii| aparAdhoM para niyaMtraNa karane, aparAdhI ko daNDa dene, sajjanoM ko surakSA evaM nyAya dene ke lie 'kSatriya (ArakSaka) varga kI sthApanA kii| rAjya kI daNDazakti ko koI cunautI na de sake, isake lie unhoMne ArakSaka dala tathA caturaMgiNI senA Adi kI vyavasthA kii| zastraprayoga bhI sikhAyA, parantu sAtha hI niraparAdhI evaM sajjana puruSoM para isakA prayoga niSiddha btaayaa|
Page #140
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 74 : jaina tattvakalikA RSabha ne apane jyeSTha putra ko uttarAdhikArI cunA / yahI rAjatantra kA krama bana gyaa| vivAha paddhati __nAbhi antima kulakara the, unakI patnI thI marudevA / isI se putra ke rUpa meM 'usabha' yA 'RSabha' kA janma huaa| yugala ke eka sAtha janma lene aura marane kI vyavasthA kSINa ho clii| unhIM dinoM eka vizeSa ghaTanA ho gii| tAr3a ke nIce eka yugala soyA huA thaa| unameM se bAlaka ke sira para tAr3a kA phala gira gayA, jisase usakI mRtyu ho gaI, bAlikA akelI raha gii| yaha usa yuga kI pahalI akAla mRtyu thii| akelI bAlikA jaba nAbhi kulakara ke pAsa lAI gaI to unhoMne yuvaka 'RSabhadeva' ke sAtha usakA pANigrahaNa kara diyaa| yahIM se vivAhapaddhati kA sUtrapAta huaa| vidyA-kalA-prazikSaNa RSabhadeva ne janatA ko zrama karanA sikhaayaa| khetI karanA, anna bonA, kATanA, pakAnA Adi saba vidyAe~ aura vibhinna zilpa evaM kalAe~ bhagavAn RSabhadeva ne janatA ko sikhaaii| dAna dharma kA prArambha dharmAnuprANita nIti ke anusAra loka vyavasthA kA pravartana sucAru . rUpa se karake RSabhadeva rAjya karane lge| ve dIrghakAla taka rAjA rahe / jIvana ke antima svalpa bhAga meM ve virakta ho gye| apane saba putroM ko rAjyabhAra sauMpA aura svayaM hI. zramaNa bana gye| samauna, nirAhAra rahakara ve ghora tapazcaraNa karane lge| unakI dekhA-dekhI hajAroM rAjA tathA rAjakumAroM ne bhI dIkSA le lI, kintu ve sAdhucaryA se anabhijJa the| sAtha hI janatA bhI dAna-dharma se anabhijJa thii| sAdhu ko bhojana-pAna dene kI vidhi nahIM jAnatI thii| isalie unheM bhojana na mila sakA aura ve bhUkha-pyAsa ke kaSTa ko na saha ske| phalataH ve uttama munidharma se bhraSTa hokara sarala patha para calane lge| bhagavAn to kSudhA ko parISaha mAnakara karmanirjarA hetu samabhAva se use dIrghakAla taka sahana karate rhe| phira dIrghatapa ke pazcAt unhoMne pAraNe ke lie prasthAna kiyA, kintu usa samaya kI bholI janatA zramaNa dharma tathA zramaNa kI bhikSAcarI ke niyamoM se anabhijJa thii| ataH ghor3A, hAthI, yuvatI strI, AbhUSaNa Adi le-lekara loga unakI sevA meM upasthita hokara bheMTa karane
Page #141
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 75 lagate / bhagavAn ke lie ye saba vastue~ agrAhya thIM / ataH ve Age bar3ha jAte / yoM ghUmate-ghUmate bhagavAn RSabhadeva ko eka varSa vyatIta ho gayA / eka dina ve hastinApura pahu~ce / vahA~ ke rAjA zra eyAMsa ne eka dina pUrva hI rAtri meM svapna dekhA thA, tadanusAra zAnta avadhUta zramaNa bhagavAn RSabhadeva ko dekhate hI usameM dAna kI bhAvanA umar3a par3I / zra yAMsa rAjA ko jAtismaraNajJAna ho gayA / usane apane rAjabhavana meM rakhe hue ikSa rasa se bhagavAn ko pAraNA karAyA / yaha pAraNA eka varSa bAda - vaizAkha zuklA tRtIyA - akSayatRtIyA ko huA thA / isI prathA kA anusaraNa karate hue zvetAmbara jaina varSItapa karate haiM, aura akSayatRtIyA ke dina ikSu rasa se pAraNA karate haiM / dharma tIrtha pravartana hajAra varSa kI sAdhanA ke pazcAt eka dina bhagavAn purimatAla nagara ke udyAna meM dhyAnastha the, tabhI unheM kevalajJAna kI prApti huI / ve arihanta tIrthaMkara bane / sAdhu-sAdhvI zrAvaka-zrAvikArUpa catuvidha tIrtha (saMgha) kI sthApanA kI / phira unhoMne munidharma ke pAMca mahAvratoM aura gRhasthadharma ke bAraha vratoM kA upadeza diyA / apane ziSya samudAya ke sAtha grAma-nagara meM vicaraNa karate hue bhagavAn dharmopadeza karane lage / unakI dharmasabhA kA nAma samavasaraNa thA, jahA~ kisI bhedabhAva ke yA pUrvabaddha vaira kA smaraNa kiye binA deva-devI aura manuSya hI nahIM, pazu-pakSI Adi bhI yathAsthAna baiTha jAte aura ekAgracitta hokara unakA dharmopadeza zravaNa karate the / isa prakAra isa jIvana ( bhava) ke anta taka prANimAtrako hitakara dharmopadeza karate rhe| anta meM, kailAzaparvata para ve samasta karmoM ko kSaya karake 'nirvANa' pahu~ce, siddha-buddha-mukta hue / isa yuga (kAla) meM unake dvArA hI jainadharma kA prArambha 'huA I (2) bAIsaveM tIrthaMkara : bhagavAna ariSTanemi 1 bauddha sAhitya nizcita rUpa se tathAgata buddha ke bAda kA hI hai / jaina - sAhitya kA bhI vizAla bhAga yadyapi bhagavAn mahAvIra ke pUrva kA to nahIM kahA jA sakatA, parantu bhagavAn ariSTanemi (neminAtha) ke viSaya meM usameM bahuta kucha milatA hai / 1 zrI ariSTanemi aura zrIkRSNa donoM yaduvaMzI the / zrI ariSTanemi samudravijaya ke aura zrIkRSNa vasudeva ke putra the / samudravijaya aura vasudeva donoM sage bhAI the / isa dRSTi se zrIkRSNa aura zrI ariSTanemi cacere bhAI hone ke kAraNa unameM paraspara pArivArika sambandha bhI thA /
Page #142
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 76 : jaina tattvakalikA ha itihAsakAroM ke matAnusAra vedoM kA astitva Aja se pA~ca hajAra varSa prAcIna mAnA jAtA hai / vedoM meM svastivAcana meM ariSTanemi ke tArkSya vizeSaNa lagAkara unase kalyANa kI kAmanA kI gaI hai / zrIkRSNa kA vaidika paramparA ke sAhitya meM bahuta varNana hai usameM bhI zrI ariSTanemi ke jIvana kI jhAMkI mila jAtI hai / jainAgamoM ke anusAra zrIkRSNa ke AdhyAtmika guru bAIsaveM tIrthaMkara zrI ariSTanemi the / ' chAMdogya upaniSad ke anusAra zrIkRSNa ke AdhyAtmika guru ghora AMgirasa pratIta hote haiM / ghora AMgirasa ne zrIkRSNa ko AdhyAtmika vidyA kI tripadI kA upadeza diyA hai- 'tU akSata akSaya hai, acyutaavinAzI hai aura prANasaMzita atisUkSma prANa hai / isa tripadI ko sunakara zrIkRSNa AtmavidyA ke sivAya anya vidyAoM ke prati tRSNAhIna ho gaye / yaha upadeza jaina paramparA se bhinna nahIM hai / 'isi bhAsiyaM' 3 meM AMgirasa nAmaka pratyekabuddha RSi kA ullekha hai / ve bhagavAn ariSTanemi ke zAsanakAla meM hue the / isa AdhAra se bahuta sambhava hai ki AMgirasa yA to zrI ariSTanemi ke ziSya athavA unake vicAroM se prabhAvita koI RSi rahe hoM / jainAgamoM meM zrIkRSNa ke yathArtharUpa kA varNana milatA hai / zrIkRSNa ariSTanemi ke vicAroM se tathA unake vyaktitva se bahuta prabhAvita the / zrI ariSTanemi ke vivAha ke lie zrIkRSNa ne prayatna kiyA thA / " mathurA ke AsapAsa phale-phUle yaduvaMza para Apatti Ane kI sambhAvanA para samasta yAdavaMgaNa zrIkRSNa ke sAtha mathurA - zaurIpura Adi chor3akara jUnAgar3ha ke pAsa samudrataTa para dvArikA nagarI kA nirmANa karake vahIM basa jAte haiM / ariSTanemi kA bAlyakAla aura yauvana dvArikA meM vyatIta huA / zrIkRSNa kI preraNA se rAjImatI ke sAtha ariSTanemi kA vivAha nizcita huA thA / bar3I dhUmadhAma se barAta lekara ve jUnAgar3ha ke rAjamahaloM ke nikaTa pahu~ce, tabhI unakI dRSTi bAr3e meM banda pazuoM para pdd'ii| unhoMne sArathi ko ratha rokakara pUchA ki "ye pazu isa taraha kyoM roke gae haiM ?" sArathi se yaha jAnakara zrI ariSTanemi ke karuNAzIla hRdaya ko atyanta duHkha huA ki 1 jJAtAdharmakathA, 5, 6 3 isi bhAsiya 5. vahI, a0 22 2 chAndogya upaniSad 3, 17, 6 4 uttarAdhyayana a0 22, 6-8
Page #143
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 77 unakI barAta meM Aye hue aneka rAjAoM ko bhoja dene ke lie ina pazuoM kA vadha kiyA jaaegaa| isIlie ye pazu bAr3e meM banda kiye gaye haiN| unhoMne tatkAla vivAha na karane kA nirNaya kara liyA aura sArathi ko vahIM se ratha lauTA dene kA khaa| jaba ve ratha se nIce utarakara vApasa lauTane lage to barAtiyoM meM bar3A koharAma maca gyaa| usa samaya unameM se pratiSThita logoM ne ariSTanemi ko bahuta samajhAyA, kintu unhoMne usa samaya jo hRdayadrAvaka vaktavya diyA, vaha samasta yAdavajAti ke lie preraNAdAyaka siddha huA / ' jaba zrI ariSTanemi ko giranAra ke pahAr3oM kI ora jAte dekhA, taba rAjImatI zokamagna ho gii| ariSTanemi ko munidharma meM dIkSita dekhakara antatogatvA rAjImatI ne bhI usI mArga kA anusaraNa karane kA nizcaya kara liyaa| zrIkRSNa ne rAjImatI ko dIkSA ke samaya bahata hI bhAvuka zabdoM meM AzIrvAda diyaa|2 sacamuca, rAjImatI ko pUrvajanmoM kA jJAna ho gayA thA ki merA aura ariSTanemi kA sambandha isa janma kA ho nahIM, pichale ATha janmoM kA hai| zrI ariSTanemi ne munidharma meM dIkSita hokara samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritra evaM tapa kI ArAdhanA kii| cAra ghAtI karmoM kA kSaya karake kevalajJAna prApta kiyaa| tIrthaMkara bane aura pUrvavat caturvidha tIrtha kI sthApanA karake upadeza dene lge| zrIkRSNa ke priya anuja gajasUkUmAra ne zrI ariSTanemi se dIkSA lI aura usI dina bArahavIM bhikSa pratimA kI utkRSTa sAdhanA karake ve siddha-buddhamukta ho ge| zrIkaSNa kI ATha rAniyA~ bho ariSTanemi ke pAsa pravajita huiiN| zrIkRSNa ke aneka putra aura pArivArika jana dvArikAdahana se pUrva hI dIkSita hokara ariSTanemi ke ziSya bane / isa prakAra jaina sAhitya meM zrI ariSTanemi aura zrIkRSNa ke vArtAlApoM, praznottaroM aura vividha carcAoM ke aneka ullekhoM se zrI ariSTanemi tIrthaMkara kI aitihAsikatA meM koI sandeha nahIM raha jaataa| saurASTra kI AdhyAtmika cetanA aura pazuoM ke prati. karuNA ko jagAne meM torthaMkara ariSTanemi kA bahuta bar3A hAtha hai| 1 utarAdhyayana a0 22, gAthA0 25.26 2 vahI0 a0 22, gA0 31 3 antakRta 3, 8, 4 vahI0 5, 1-8 5 vahI* 1, 6-10; 2, :-8, 4, 1-10 6 jJAtAdharmakathA 5, 16
Page #144
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 78 : jaina tattvakalikA tIrthaMkara ariSTanemi apane samasta karmoM kA anta karake giranAraparvata se mukta hue| (3) teIsaveM tIrthaMkara : puruSAdAnIya bhagavAn zrI pArzvanAtha teIsaveM tIrthaMkara bhagavAn pArzvanAtha aitihAsika puruSa haiM / ' unakA tIrthapravartana bhagavAn mahAvIra se 250 varSa pahale huA thaa| Aja se lagabhaga 3 hajAra varSa pahale vArANasI nagarI meM ApakA janma huA thaa| prArambha se hI ApakI cittavRtti vairAgya se ota-prota rahatI thii| eka bAra Apa gaMgA ke kinAre ghUma rahe the| vahA~ para kamaTha nAmaka tApasa lakkar3a jalAkara tapa rahA thaa| usake sAtha usake kucha ziSya bhI the| rAjakumAra pArzva usake pAsa pahu~ce aura bole-"Apa ina lakkar3oM ko jalA kara kyoM jIvahiMsA karate haiM ?" __rAjakumAra kI bAta sunakara kamaTha tApasa bahuta jhallAyA aura bolA-"tuma rAjakumAra ho, isa tapasyA ke bAre meM tumheM kucha jJAna nahIM hai / agara tumheM kucha jJAna ho to batAo, isameM kahA~ jIva hai ?" isa para rAjakumAra pArzva ne kamaTha tApasa se kulhAr3I lekara jyoM hI jalate hue, lakkar3a ko cIrA usameM se nAga aura nAgina kA jalatA huA jor3A niklaa| rAjakumAra ne unheM maraNonmukha jAnakara NamokAramaMtra sunaayaa| ye donoM nAga-nAgina marakara dharaNendra-padmAvatI bne| isa ghaTanA se rAjakumAra pArzva kA hRdaya dravita ho gyaa| jIvana kI anityatA ne Apake hRdaya ko saMsAra se virakta kara diyaa| ataH sAMsArika kAma-bhoga aura rAjyasukha Adi ko niHsAra samajhakara Apa pravajita ho gye| ___ mokSamArga evaM tapa saMyama kI sAdhanA karate hue Apa ekAkI vicaraNa karane lge| eka bAra Apa ahicchatra ke vana meM dhyAnastha the / Apako dekhate hI pUrvajanma ke vairI meghamAlI deva (kamaTha tApasa kA jIva) ke mana meM pUrvajanma kA vairabhAva bhar3aka utthaa| usane bhagavAn ke dhyAna meM vighna DAlane ke lie pattharoM kI varSA kii| jaba isase Apa vicalita na hue to mUsalAdhAra varSA karane lgaa| cAroM ora pAnI hI pAnI ho gyaa| Apake gale taka pAnI A gyaa| isa ghora upasarga ke samaya dharaNendradeva aura padmAvatIdevI apane | That Parswa was a historiceal person, is now admitted by all as very probable. -DaoN. jekaoNbI, Sacred Books of the East ;Vol. XLY
Page #145
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 76 upakArI para upasarga jAnakara turaMta vahA~ Ae / padmAvatI devI ne apane mukTa para bhagavAn ko uThA liyA evaM dharaNendradeva ne sahasra phaNavAle sarpa kA rUpa dhAraNa karake bhagavAn para apanA phana phailA diyA / isa taraha isa upasarga se unakI rakSA kI / upasargoM ko samabhAvapUrvaka sahane ke kAraNa cAra ghAtIkama kA kSaya ho gayA aura bhagavAn ko kevalajJAna kI prApti huI / ataH ukta vairI deva ne Apake caraNoM meM sira jhukAkara Apa se kSamAyAcanA kI / I isake pazcAt bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ne tIrthasthApanA kI / svayaM dharmopadeza dene lage / apane saMgha ke sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko dhama-pracAra ke lie uttara bhArata, vihAra, baMgAla Adi prAntoM meM bhejA / bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kA saMgha sabase sudRr3ha aura vyavasthita thA, aisA bauddha sAhitya se patA lagatA hai / bhagavAn pArzvanAtha se pahale aura unake dharma - zAsanakAla meM brAhmaNoM ke bar3e-bar3e samUha the, jo kevala yajJa-yAga kA hI pracAra karate the / dUsarA varga tApasoM kA thA, jo yajJa-yAga ke viruddha the, kintu paMcAgni tapa, jala-samAdhi, kaMdamUlabhakSaNa, Adi ko tapa mAnakara sAdhanA karate the / ve prAyaH vanavAsI the, logoM se kama milate-julate the, samAja ko dharma kA upadeza, preraNA Adi nahIM dete the / 1 bhagavAn pArzvanAtha kA sAdhu-sAdhvI saMgha cAturyAma-dharma kA pAlana karatA thA, mokSamArga para calatA thA, dUsaroM ko bhI yaha upadeza detA thA / cAturyAma isa prakAra the (1) sarva prANAtipAta se viramaNa, (2) sarva-mRSAvAda se viramaNa, (3) sarva adattAdAna se viramaNa, (4) sarva - bahiddhAdAna se viramaNa / ' isameM cauthe 'bahiddhAdAna - viramaNa yAma kA artha isa prakAra kiyA hai-- bahiddhA - arthAt - maithuna aura AdAna yAnI parigraha; athavA bahiH arthAtdharmopakaraNa ke sivAya, jo AdAna arthAt - jitanA bhI parigraha (parigrAhya padArtha) hai, vaha bahiddhAdAna hai / maithuna parigraha ke antargata hai, kyoMki strI bhI eka prakAra se parigRhIta (parigraha) hI hotI hai / 1 majjhimagAbAvIsaM arihaMtA bhagavaMtA cAujjAmaM dhammaM paNNaveMti, taM jahA .... baddhidANAo veramaNaM / - sthAnAMga sU0 226 vRtti patra 201
Page #146
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 80 : jaina tatvakalikA bhagavAn mahAvIra ke mAtA-pitA bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ke anuyAyI va zramaNoupAsaka the' / bhagavAn mahAvIra ne tIrthaMkara hone ke nAte bhale hI naye sire se tIrtha kI sthApanA kI ho, cAturyAma ke badale paMca mahAvrata kA nirUpaNa kiyA ho tathA dvAdazAMgI kI prarUpaNA kI ho, kintu bhagavAn mahAvIra ko mukhyatayA tIna bAteM bhagavAn pArzvanAtha kI paramparA se milI thIM - (1) saMgharacanA, (2) AcAra aura (3) zruta / AcArAMga, sUtrakRtAMga, bhagavatI, sthAnAMga aura uttarAdhyayana meM varNita pAThoM se itanA to spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIra ke saMgha meM sapratikramaNa paMcamahAvrata rUpa dharma se AkRSTa hokara kaI pArzvapatyika sthavira, muni praviSTa ho jAte haiM / ataH bhagavAn pArzvanAtha kA saMgha bhI samRddha tathA vyavasthita thA tathA unake ziSyoM aura zramaNoM ne sAmAyika, saMyama, pratyAkhyAna, kAyotsarga, viveka Adi cAritra ( AcAra) sambandhI prazna bhagavAn mahAvIra ke sthaviroM se kiye haiM / ve prazna aura pAribhASika zabda bhagavAn mahAvIra ke AcAra sambandhI pAribhASika zabdoM se milate-julate haiM / 3 isI taraha kaI pArzvapatyika sthaviroM dvArA loka meM rAtri divasa sambandhI, jIvoM kI utpatti - cyavana sambandhI prazna pUche gaye haiM, ve bhI yaha sUcita karate haiM ki bhagavAn mahAvIra ke tattvajJAna yA zruta se bhagavAn pArzvanAtha kA tattvajJAna yA zruta kitanA milatA thA / yahI kAraNa haiM ki svayaM bhagavAn mahAvIra saMyama ke vibhinna aMgoM se sambandhita yA tattvajJAna ke viSaya pUche gaye praznoM ke uttara dete samaya bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ke mantavyoM kA AdhAra bhI lete haiM aura pArzvanAtha ke 1 samaNassa NaM bhagavao mahAvIrassa ammApiyaro pAsAvaccijjasamaNovAsagA yAvi hotthA - AcArAMga, dvitIya, bhAva culiyA aNagAre " "therebhagavaMte vaMdai 2 pAsAvaccijje kAlAsavesiyaputta NAme namaMsai vaMdittA nasiyattA cAujjAmAo dhammAo paMcamahavvaiyaM sapaDikkamaNaM dhammaM uvasaMpajji tANaM viharai / --- vyAkhyAprajJapti za0 1, udde 0 1 sU0 76 'pAsAvaccijjA therA bhagavaMto samaNassa bhagavao mahAvIrassa adUrasAmaMte ThiccAsa paDikkamaNaM dhammaM uvasaMpajjittANaM viharittae / - bhagavatI za0 5, u0 6, sUtra 0226 4 sUtrakRtAga nAlaMdIya adhyayana, 2, 7, 72 81 /
Page #147
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 81 'puruSAdAnIya' (puruSoM meM Adeya) Adi sammAnapUrNa vizeSaNa lagAkara unake prati hArdika AdarabhAva vyakta karate haiN|' bhagavAn pArzvanAtha lagabhaga 70 varSa taka bhramaNa karake dharmopadeza karane ke bAda 100 varSa kI Ayu meM sammetazikhara se nirvANa ko prApta hue| inhIM ke nAma se Aja sammetazikhara 'pArasanAtha hila' kahalAtA hai| isake Asa-pAsa vihAra tathA baMgAla meM basI huI sarAka jAti bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ko apanA iSTadeva mAnatI hai| Aja bhI jainetara janatA meM bhagavAn pArzvanAtha kI vizeSa khyAti hai| (4) caubIsaveM tIrthakara dIrghatapasvI zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra- . Aja se lagabhaga 2600-2700 varSa pahale, jabaki mahAvIra kA janma nahIM haA thA, taba bhArata kI sAmAjika, dhArmika evaM rAjanaitika paristhiti eka viziSTa Adarza kI apekSA rakhatI thii| deza meM aneka maTha the, jinameM aneka sAdhubAbA rahate aura tAmasika tapasyAe~ karate the, aise aneka Azrama the, jinameM sAdhAraNa sAMsArika manuSyoM jaisI mamatA dhAraNa karake vartamAna mahaMtoM jaise bar3e-bar3e dharmaguru rahate the| kaI saMsthAe~ aisI bhI thIM, jahA~ vidyA kI apekSA karmakAMDoM-vizeSataH yajJayAgoM kA mahattva batAyA jAtA thA aura unakA pracAra kiyA jAtA thaa| una karmakAMDoM meM pazubali ko dharma batAyA jAtA thaa| samAja meM eka bar3A varga aisA bhI thA, jo pUrvajoM ke dvArA puruSArtha se prApta gurupada ko apanA janmasiddha adhikAra mAnatA thaa| isa varga meM vidyA, pavitratA aura uccatA-nIcatA kI aisI kRtrima asmitA ghara kara gaI thI, jisake kAraNa vaha dUsare (anya sabhI varga ke) logoM ko apavitra, ajJAnI aura apane se nIca aura ghRNA kA pAtra mAnakara apanI parachAIM ke sparza taka ko pApa mAnatA thaa| vaha granthoM ke kevala artharahita paThana evaM uccAraNa meM hI pANDitya mAnakara dUsaroM para apane gurupada kI dhAka jamAtA thA / zAstra aura unakI vyAkhyA ati kliSTa evaM vidvAnoM ke hI samajhane yogya bhASA meM likhI hone se sAmAnya loga una granthoM se koI lAbha nahIM uThA sakate the| striyoM, zUdroM aura atizUdroM ko to kisI bhI viSaya meM pragati karane kA avasara hI nahIM milatA thaa| unakI AdhyAtmika unnati kI icchAe~ mana hI mana meM ghuTatI rahatI thiiN| parApUrva se calI AtI huI jaina guruoM kI paramparA meM bhI atyanta zithilatA A gaI thii| 1 ""se nUNaM bhaMte ! gaMgeyA ! pAseNaM arahayA purisAdANIeNaM sAsae loe bUie.
Page #148
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 82 : jaina tattvakalikA dveSa rAjanaitika ekatA bhI TUTa gaI thii| gaNataMtra yA rAjataMtra kI praNAlI se calane vAle rAjyoM meM bhI chinnabhinnatA A cukI thI / paraspara phUTa, aura kalaha kA hI prAdhAnya thA / aisI paristhiti kitane hI vicArazIla aura dayAlu logoM ke lie asahya thI / parantu isa paristhiti ko badala sakeM isake lie asAdhAraNa prayatna kara sakane vAle kisI prabhAvazAlI netA kI apekSA thI / aise samaya buddha aura mahAvIra kA janma huA / janma, jAti aura vaMza tIrthaMkara zrI mahAvIra kI jAti kSatriya thI / unakA vaMza nAya (jJAta) thA / unake pitA kA nAma siddhArtha aura mAtA kA nAma trizalA kSatriyANI thA / mAtA trizalA ke anya nAma videhadinnA aura priyakAriNI bhI the / mahAvIra ke cAcA kA nAma supArzva thA / mahAvIra ke naMdIvarddhana nAmaka bar3e bhAI the, jinakA vivAha vaizAlI nagarI ke adhipati mahArAjA ceTaka kI putrI ke sAtha huA thaa| unakI bar3I bahana sunandA kA vivAha kSatriyakuNDa meM huA thA / usake jamAlI nAma kA eka putra thA, jisakA vivAha mahAvIra kI putrI priyadarzanA ke sAtha huA thA / zvetAmbara zAstroM ke matAnusAra zrI mahAvIra vivAhita the / unakA vivAha yazodAdevI ke sAtha huA thA / bhagavAna mahAvIra ke vizeSataH tIna nAmoM kA ullekha zAstroM meM milatA hai - vardhamAna, videhadinna aura zramaNa bhagavAn / vardhamAna nAma sarvaprathama thA, tatpazcAt sAdhakajIvana meM ve mahAvIra ke nAma se prasiddha hue aura upadezaka jIvana meM zramaNa bhagavAn kahalAe / gRhi-jIvana vardhamAna kA bAlyakAla svAbhAvika rUpa se prAyaH bAlakrIDAoM meM vyatIta hotA hai / phira bhI unameM cintanazIlatA rahI / yauvanavaya meM praveza karate-karate unake jIvana meM tyAga, tapa evaM vairAgya ke saMskAroM ke kAraNa gambhIratA A gaI thI / usa samaya kI sAmAjika, rAjanaitika evaM dhArmika paristhitiyoM para mahAvIra ne cintana na kiyA ho, aisI bAta nahIM thI, phira bhI unheM sarvaprathama apane Apako tyAga, tapa aura saMyama se AtmabalI banAnA thA / phira apane kuladharma (pArzvanAtha bhagavAn ke cAturyAma dharma) kI ora unakA susaMskArI mana AkarSita huA ho, aisA bhI sambhava hai / eka ora janmasiddha vairAgya ke bIja aura dUsarI ora kuladharma ke tyAga tapomaya AdarzoM kA prabhAva; ina donoM paribaloM ke kAraNa vayaska hote hI vardhamAna ne apane jIvana kA ucca dhyeya nizcita kara liyA ho, aisA sambhava hai /
Page #149
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 83 isa prakAra ke dhyeya ke kAraNa vivAha ke prati unakI aruci honA svAbhAvika thaa| parantu mAtA-pitA ke ati-Agraha ke kAraNa tathA unheM santuSTa karane hetu mahAvIra ko vivAhita jIvana svIkAra karanA par3A / yadyapi anagAra dharma meM dIkSita hone kI unakI prabala icchA thI, kintu mAtA-pitA ke mana ko duHkha na ho, isalie unake jIvita rahate dokSA na lene ke lie ve pratijJAbaddha hue| mAtA-pitA ke svargavAsa ke pazcAt unhoMne apane gRhatyAga kI taiyArI batAI, lekina bar3e bhAI naMdIvardhana ko manoduHkha na ho, ataH unake Agrahavaza do varSa aura gRhavAsa meM rukanA paDA / parantu gRhavAsa meM rahate hue bhI unhoMne ina do varSoM meM bilakula alipta, anAsakta rahakara tyAgI jIvana vyatIta kiyaa| mAdhakajIvana tIsa varSa ke taruNa kSatriyaputra "vardhamAna jaba gRhatyAga karate haiM, taba unakA jIvana ekadama badala jAtA hai| sukumAra rAjapUtra apane hAthoM se kezaloca karate haiM, samasta vaibhava aura parijanoM evaM sahAyakoM kA bhI tyAga karake ekAkI aura parigrahamukta laghutA kA jIvana svIkAra karate haiN| sAtha hI AjIvana sAmAyika cAritra (samabhAva se rahane kA niyama) svIkAra karate haiN| ve samatAyoga kA pUrNatayA pAlana karane ke lie pratijJA karate haiM __"deva, manuSya aura tiryaMca -gati kI ora se cAhe jitanI vighnabAdhAe~, saMkaTa evaM vipattiyA~ (upasarga) Ae~, maiM kisI kI bhI sahAyatA liye binA una sabhI parISahoM ko samabhAvapUrvaka sahana kruuNgaa|" isa pratijJA ke kAraNa vardhamAna sAdhakajIvana meM mahAvIra ke rUpa meM vikhyAta hote haiN| tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kI sAdhanA-sambandhI pagaDaMDiyoM kA prAcIna aura prAmANika varNana AcArAMga satra meM sarakSita hai| isa para se yaha niSkarSa nikAlA jA sakatA hai ki mahAvIra ne mukhya rUpa se ahiMsA tattva kI sAdhanA kI thI, usake lie unhoMne saMyama aura tapa, ina do sAdhanoM ko pasaMda kiyA thaa| isa sAdhanA ke daurAna unhoMne cintana kiyA ki jaba manuSya apanI hI kAyika sUkhazIlatA ko mahattva detA hai tabhI parivAra, samAja aura rASTra meM saMgharSa, hiMsA aura azAnti bar3hatI hai| isalie kAyika sUkhazIlatA ko mahattva na dekara tapa aura saMyama kI dhurA para calanA caahie| isI vicAra 1 AcArAMga dvitIya zrutaskandha-"mahAvIra-jIvanacaryA"
Page #150
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 84 : jaina tattvakalikA dhArA ko unhoMne apanA jIvanasUtra banA liyA - dUsaroM ko jilAte hue jIo / yahI kAraNa hai ki apanI sukhasuvidhA kA dhyAna na rakhakara zrI mahAvIra dUsare jIvoM kI rakSA kA tathA unheM jarA bhI pIr3A na pahu~cAne kA dhyAna rakhate the / isake lie ve jana samUha se dUra ekAnta nirjana sthAna meM kAyotsarga, dhyAna, mauna Adi sAdhanA karate the; kyoMki saMyama kA sambandha mukhya rUpa se mana aura vacana ke sAtha hotA hai, ataH usameM dhyAna mauna kA samAveza ho jAtA hai / tapa aura saMyama ko siddha karane ke lie bhagavAn mahAvIra ne sAr3he bAraha varSa taka vIratA, dhIratA, apramattatA aura tatparatApUrvaka tapazcaraNa kiyA, jisakA namUnA itihAsa meM aura koI nahIM milatA / mahAvIra kA tapa yadyapi ugra tapa thA, parantu dehadamana nahIM thA / saMyama aura tapa kI utkaTatA ke kAraNa mahAvIra jyoM-jyoM ahiMsA tattva ke adhikAdhika nikaTa pahu~cate gae tyoM-tyoM unakI gaMbhIra zAnti bar3hane lagI / usakA prabhAva Asa-pAsa ke prANiyoM para apane Apa par3ane lagA / isI kAraNa magadha aura videha ke aneka tApasoM, parivrAjakoM, pArzvapatyika sthaviroM, zramaNoM Adi kA jIvana parivartana huaa| ve mahAvIra ke dharma meM pravrajita ho gae / upadezaka jIvana zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra kA 43 veM varSa se lekara 72 varSa taka kA dIrgha jIvana tIrthaMkara hone ke nAte sArvajanika sevA, dharmopadeza, dharmapreraNA aura dharma-siddhAnta pracAra Adi meM vyatIta huA / usameM mukhyatayA nimnalikhita mahatvapUrNa kArya hue (1) deva pUjA kI apekSA mAnava pratiSThA - manuSya aneka devI- devoM kI pUjA, manautI Adi karake unase apane sukha aura kalyANa kI AzA rakhatA thA, bhagavAn mahAvIra ne karmavAda ke siddhAnta ko prastuta karake manuSya kI pratiSThA bar3hAI | unhoMne kahA - he mAnava ! tumameM ananta zakti hai / usa zakti ko prakaTa karane ke lie puruSArtha karo / jaba ratnatrayarUpadharma meM tumhArI ananya niSThA hogI, taba tumhAre azubha karma svataH naSTa ho jAe~ge aura tumhAre samakSa akSaya sukha aura zAnti kA bhaNDAra khulA milegA / ataH deva pUjA ke badale manuSya kI aTala pratiSThA bhagavAn ne batAI |
Page #151
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 65 (2) mukti kA dvAra sabake lie khulA kevala svatIthika muniveSI ke lie hI nahIM, sabhI dharma-sampradAya, deza, veSa ke strI-puruSoM ke lie yahA~ taka ki gRhasthoM taka ke lie khulA hai, cAhie ratnatraya kI saadhnaa|| (3) jAtibheda kI mahattvahInatA- unhoMne jAtipAMti kA jarA bhI bhedabhAva rakhe binA sabhI vargoM aura jAtiyoM ke lie, yahA~ taka ki zUdroM aura aura atizUdroM taka ke lie bhI bhikSa pada aura gurupada tathA zrAvakapada kA mArga khulA kara diyA / zreSThatA kA nizcaya janma se nahIM, parantu guNoM se, guNoM meM bhI pavitra jIvana se hotA hai| unhoMne sarvatra aisI udghoSaNA kii| (4) striyoM ko bhI pUrNa vikAsa kA adhikAra-dharmArAdhanA aura -mokSa kI sAdhanA meM jitanA adhikAra puruSoM ko hai, utanA hI striyoM ko hai| striyoM ko bhI apane vikAsa kI pUrNa svatantratA hai| unameM bhI jJAna aura AcAra-zra dharma aura cAritradharma pAlana karane kI sampUrNa yogyatA hai, ve bhI mukti prApta kara sakatI haiN| isa prakAra bhagavAn mahAvIra ne striyoM ko bhI pUrNa vikAsa kI svatantratA dii|| . (5) bhagavAn mahAvIra ne apane tattvajJAna aura AcAra ke upadeza usa samaya kI pracalita lokabhASA meM dekara vidvadgamya saMskRta bhASA kA moha kama kara diyA / yogya adhikArI ko jJAna prApti karane meM bhASAgata antarAya dUra kara diyaa| (6) tyAga aura tapa ke nAma se pracalita rUr3ha zithilAcAroM, ADambaroM, ihalaukika-pAralaukika sukhavAMchA, yazaHprApti Adi pratibandhana ke sthAna meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ne nAmanA-kAmanArahita niSkAMkSa tapa, tyAga aura AcAra ko pratiSThita kiyaa| (7) dharma ke nAma se yA svargAdisukhoM kI prApti ke uddezya se kiye jAte pazubalidAna yA anya hiMsAkAMDoM kA bhagavAn ne sarvatra niSadha kiyA aura AdhyAtmika yajJa evaM kra rakarmoM, kaSAyoM tathA rAgadvaSAdi vikAroM kI bali dene aura sabhI pravRttiyoM meM ahiMsA-satyAdi dharma ko mukhyatA dii|| (8) aihika aura pAralaukika sukha ke lie kiye jAne vAle yajJayAga Adi karmakAMDoM ke sthAna meM saMyama aura tapa ke svAvalambI aura puruSArtha pradhAna mArga kI sthApanA kii| ina udAra aura sArvajanika upadezoM ke sivAya, anekAnta, ahiMsA aura aparigraha ke siddhAntoM ko vividha pahaluoM se samajhAne ke kAraNa zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra ke saMgha meM sabhI vargoM aura jAtiyoM ke tathA anya matoM ke
Page #152
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 86 : jaina tattvakalikA gRhastha aura tyAgI donoM pracura saMkhyA meM aae| unake saMgha meM tyAgI zramaNoM kI saMkhyA 14 hajAra aura sAdhviyoM-bhikSaNiyoM kI saMkhyA-36000 thii| lAkhoM kI saMkhyA meM gRhastha zrAvaka-zrAvikA varga thaa| bhagavAna ke zramaNa ziSyoM meM indrabhUti Adi 11 gaNadhara brAhmaNa the, meghakumAra jaise aneka kSatriya putra the; zAlibhadra, dhannA jaise aneka vaizya varNa ke the; tathA ajuna; maitArya aura harikezI jaise aneka zUdra-atizUdra varNa ke ziSya the| ye sabhI bhagavAna mahAvIra ke saMgha meM dIkSita hokara sarvocca sthAna prApta kara sake the| candanabAlA Adi kaI kSatriya kanyAe~, devAnandA Adi brAhmaNaputriyA~ tathA anya sabhI vargoM kI zramaNI ziSyAe~ bhI saMgha meM dIkSita hokara svapara-kalyANa kara cukI thiiN| gRhasthoM meM vaizAlIpati ceTaka, zroNika (bimbasAra) aura ajAtazatru koNika ityAdi aneka kSatriya rAjA the, Ananda, kAmadeva Adi dasa mukhya zramaNopAsakoM meM vaNika aura kumbhakAra jAti ke gRhastha the| skandaka, ambar3a Adi aneka parivrAjaka tathA somila Adi aneka vidvAn brAhmaNa bhagavAn ke anugAmI bane the / gRhastha upAsikAoM meM revatI, sulasA aura jayantI Adi prakhyAta, zraddhAlu evaM vicAravatI zrAvikAe~ thiiN| zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra ne cAturyAma dharma ke sthAna para sapratikramaNa, paMcamahAvrata rUpa dharma ko sthApita kiyaa| inake pAlana karane ke lie vyavasthita DhaMga se niyamopaniyama aura AcAra-vicAra samAcArI kI racanA kii| isI prakAra zrAvakoM ke lie 5 aNuvrata, 3 guNavata aura 4 zikSAvrata batAe, jinameM saMyama aura tapa ke choTe-bar3e aneka niyama samAviSTa ho gae the| AcAra meM ahiMsA aura vicAra meM anekAnta bhagavAn mahAvIra ke upadeza ke pramukha tattva the| bhagavAn mahAvIra kA bhramaNa (pAdavihAra) videha, magadha, kAzI, kauzala, kurujAMgala Adi aneka dezoM meM huA thaa| zrAvastI, kauzAmbI, tAmraliptI, campA aura rAjagRhI; ye nagariyA~ unake dharmapracAra kI mukhya kendra rhiiN| bhagavAna ke paristhiti parivartanasUcaka upadezoM se usa yuga kI janatA ke dhArmika aura sAmAjika jIvana meM jabardasta krAnti A gaI thii| nirvANa Aja se lagabhaga 2500 varSa pahale rAjagRha ke nikaTa pAvApurI nAmaka
Page #153
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ arihantadeva svarUpa : 87 pavitra sthAna meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ne apanI antima dharmadezanA dI, jo uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke nAma se prasiddha hai / tatpazcAt kArtika vadI amAvasyA kI rAtri meM isa bhautika zarIra, janma-maraNa rUpa saMsAra aura karmoM kA sadA ke lie tyAga karake nirvANa prApta kiyA / unake dvArA sthApita catuvidha dharma - saMgha kA bhAra unake mukhya ziSya gaNadhara sudharmAsvAmI ne sa~bhAlA / ina cAra tIrthaMkaroM ke jIvana kI jhA~kI para se arihantadevoM kI vizeSatAoM kA spaSTa rUpa se patA laga jAtA hai /
Page #154
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ siddhadeva svarUpa arihanta aura siddha meM antara arihanta ke bAda siddha paramAtmA bhI devapada meM samAviSTa haiM; kyoMki kevalajJAna, kevaladarzana aura upayoga dvArA arihanta aura siddha paramAtmA donoM lokAloka meM vyApaka haiM / ataH sabhI padArtha ina donoM ke jJAna meM vyApta hote haiM / kevalajJAna, kevaladarzana, anantasukha tathA anantabala, ina bAtoM meM donoM meM kisI prakAra kI bhinnatA nahIM hai| donoM ananta guNoM ke dhAraka haiM / yaha bAta bhI bhalIbhA~ti nirvivAda siddha hai ki jo dharmopadezaM arihanta (tIrthaMkara) devoM ne diyA hai, vahI dharmopadeza siddha paramAtmA kA bhI hai ( rahA hai); kyoMki kevalajJAna kI apekSA se zrI arihanta (tIrthaMkara) deva aura siddha paramAtmA meM abhedatA siddha hotI hai / eka bAta yaha bhI hai ki arihanta deva ko avazyameva mokSa-gamana karanA hai / jaba vaha (tIrthaMkara) mokSagamana karate haiM, taba unakI arihanta yA tIrthaMkara saMjJA samApta hokara 'siddha saMjJA' ho jAtI hai / ataH 'sAmpratikAbhAvebhUtapUrva gati:' isa nyAya se vaha pUrvokta upadeza eka taraha se siddha paramAtmA kA hI kahA jAtA hai 'siddha evaM vadaMti'" ("siddha isa prakAra kahate haiM') isa prakAra ke zAstrokta vacanoM se yaha nizcaya ho jAtA hai ki arihanta devoM ko hI samAna guNa hone se apekSA dRSTi se siddha mAnA gayA hai / zAstra meM siddhoM ke do prakAra batalAe gae haiM - bhASakasiddha aura abhASaka siddha / arihanta bhagavAn bhASaka siddha ( bolane vAle siddha bhagavAn) kahalAte haiM / ve dharmopadeza dete haiM, isalie 'bhASaka' haiM aura nikaTa bhaviSya meM hI unheM mukti prApta hotI hai tathA ve jIvanmukta aura kRtakRtya hote haiM, isa kAraNa siddha kahalAte haiM / bhaviSyat naigamanaya ko dRSTi se bhI arhadeva ko siddha kaha sakate haiM, kyoMki AyuSyakarma ke kSaya ho jAne para arhadeva avazya hI mokSagamana karate haiM / 1 bhagavatIsUtra 2 prajJApanAsUtra prathama pada, siddha prajJApanA
Page #155
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ siddhadeva svarUpa : 6 isa prakAra jJAna kI samAnatA aura cAra ghAtI karmoM ke abhAva kI tulyatA hone se arhadeva aura siddha paramAtmA ye donoM pada 'deva koTi' meM mAne gaye haiM, kyoMki deva (devAdhideva) kI paribhASA jainAgamoM meM yahI kI gaI hai'jo saba prakAra ke doSoM (aThAraha doSoM) se sarvathA rahita ho gayA ho' / arihantoM kI taraha siddha bhI samasta doSoM se rahita ho cuke haiM tathA jo deva hote haiM, ve dUsaroM ke kalyANa ke lie nAnA prakAra ke kaSToM ko sahana karate haiM, niHsvArtha-niSkAmabhAva se satya evaM hitakara upadeza dete haiN| dUsaroM ke sukha ke lie apane jIvana kA bhI vyutsarga kara dete haiM; paropakArapatha se kiJcit bhI vicalita nahIM hote| arihanta aura siddha donoM isa kasauTI para khare utarate haiN| ataeva devapada meM arihantadeva aura siddha paramAtmA donoM ko liyA gayA hai| ina donoM meM maulika antara yaha hai ki arihanta deva zarIradhArI hote haiM, jabaki siddha paramAtmA azarIrI hote haiN| isake atirikta arihantadeva jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, mohanIya aura antarAya; ina cAra karmoM se mukta hokara kevalajJAnI (sarvajJa) aura kevaladarzI (sarvadarzI) hote haiM, jabaki siddha bhagavAn jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, vedanIya, mohanIya, AyuSya, nAmakarma, gotrakarma aura antarAyakarma ina AThoM karmoM se rahita hote haiM / ve sadA nijAnaMda meM magna rahate haiN| siddha paramAtmA ajara, amara, niraMjana nirvikAra, siddha, buddha, mukta, pAraMgata, sarvajJa, sarvadarzI aura jJAnasvarUpa hote haiN| una siddha bhagavantoM ko dIkSA ke samaya tIrthaMkaradeva bhI namaskAra karate haiN|' ataeva zrI siddha bhagavAn bhI devAdhideva haiN| munijana tIrthaMkara jaba mohanIyakarma kA upazama yA kSaya karane ke lie pravRtta hote haiM, yA kSaya kara lete haiM, taba antima zreNI (caudahaveM guNasthAna) para pahu~cane ke lie unhIM (siddhoM) ko hI dhyeya banAkara AtmA ko parama zuddha banAte haiM / svarUpa meM hI sadA-sarvadA ve nimagna rahate haiN| ve nijAtma svarUpI haiM; isI kAraNa unheM abhASaka (bolane vAle) siddha kahA gayA hai| siddha-paramAtmA kRtakRtya aura samasta karma kalaMka se rahita hokara saccidAnandapada prApta kara cuke haiN| isalie siddha-AtmA paramasukhoM kA puJja hai| siddha paramAtmA kA svarUpa zakrastava pATha (namotthuNaM) meM siddha bhagavAn kA svarUpa batAte hue 1 siddhANaMnamokiccA' -uttarA0 a0 20 gA0 1
Page #156
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ & : jaina tattvakalikA siddhigati kA varNana kiyA gayA hai ki vaha zIta-uSNa, kSadhA-pipAsA, daMzamazaka, sarpa Adi se hone vAlI sarvabAdhAoM se tathA upadravoM se rahita hone ke kAraNa vaha 'ziva' hai| svAbhAvika athavA prayogajanya halana-calana yA gamanAgamana kA koI bhI kAraNa na hone se vaha 'acala' hai / roga ke kAraNabhUta zarIra aura mana kA sarvathA abhAva hone se vaha 'aruja' (rogarahita) hai| ananta padArthoM sambandhI jJAnamaya hone se 'ananta' hai| sAdi hone para bhI antarahita hone ke kAraNa vaha 'akSaya' hai, athavA sukha se paripUrNa hone ke kAraNa pUrNimA ke candra ke samAna 'akSata' hai| dUsaroM ke lie (Ane vAle muktAtmAoM ke lie) athavA apane lie kisI prakAra bAdhAkArI na hone se 'avyAbAdha' hai / eka bAra siddhi-mukti prApta kara lene ke bAda muktAtmA phira saMsAra meM nahIM AtA, vaha sadA ke lie janma-maraNa ke cakra se chUTa jAtA hai, isa kAraNa apunarAvRtti hai / aisA sarvathA nirAmaya aura nirUpama paramAnandamaya siddhadhAma loka ke agrabhAga meM hai, jo siddhigati sthAna kahalAtA hai, usI sthAna ko samprApta AtmA siddha kahalAte haiN|' savathA zuddha AtmAH siddha paramAtmA ___ AcArAMga sUtra ke prathama zra taskandha meM paramavizuddha AtmA kA jo svarUpa batAyA hai, vahI siddha paramAtmA kA svarUpa hai / vaha isa prakAra hai ___ zuddha AtmA (siddha) kA varNana karane meM koI bhI zabda (svara) samartha. nahIM hai| koI bhI tarka-vitarka zuddha-AtmA ke viSaya meM nahIM cltaa| mati yA kalpanA kA bhI vahA~ (zuddha-AtmA ke viSaya meM) praveza (avagAhana) nahIM hai| kevala sampUrNa jJAnamaya zuddha AtmA hI vahA~ hai / zuddha AtmA na to dIrgha (lambA) hai, na hI hrasva (choTA) hai| vaha vatta (golAkAra) nahIM; na trikoNa hai, na caukora hai, na hI parimaNDalAkAra (cUr3I ke AkAra kA) hai / na hI kAlA hai, na nIlA hai, na lAla hai, na pIlA hai aura na hI zukla (zveta) hai| na hI sugandhita hai, na durgandhita hai| vaha tikta nahIM, kaTu nahIM, kasailA nahIM, khaTTA nahIM, na hI mIThA hai| na vaha kaThora hai, na komala, na guru (bhArI) hai, aura na laghu (halakA) hai, na zIta hai, na uSNa hai, na hI snigdha hai, aura na hI rUkSa hai| __vaha strI nahIM, puruSa nahIM aura na napusaka hai| kevala parijJAnarUpa hai| 1 'sivamayalamaruyamaNaMtamakkhayamavvAbAhamapuNarAvittisiddhigainAmadheyaM ThANaM sNpttaannN|' -zakrastava-namotthuNaM kA pATha
Page #157
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ siddhadeva svarUpa : 66 jJAnamaya hai|' usake lie koI bhI upamA nahIM dI jA sktii| vaha arUpIalakSya hai| usake lie kisI pada kA prayoga nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| vaha zabda-rUpa-gandha-rasa sparzarUpa nahIM hai| isa prakAra samasta paudgalika guNoM aura paryAyoM se atIta zabdoM dvArA anirvacanIya aura sat-cidAnandamaya (zuddhAtma) siddhasvarUpa hai|' siddha kaise kahA~ aura kisa rUpa meM hote haiM ? madhyaloka meM, DhAI dvIpa meM, pandrahakarmabhUmiyoM meM utpanna hone vAle manuSya hI AThoM karmoM ko samUla naSTa karake siddha hote haiN| audArika, tejasa aura kArmaNa Adi sabhI prakAra ke zarIra kA sarvathA tyAga karake azarIra AtmA siddha hote haiN| uttarAdhyayana aura aupapAtikasUtra meM siddha bhagavAn ke viSaya meM praznottara prastuta kiye gaye haiM prazna-siddha bhagavAn kahA~ jAkara ruke haiM ? siddha paramAtmA kahA~ jA kara sthita ho rahe haiM ? siddha bhagavAn kahA~ zarIra tyAga kara-azarIrI ho / kara-kisa jagaha jAkara siddha hue haiM ? * uttara-siddha bhagavAn loka se Age-aloka se laga kara ruke haiM; loka ke agrabhAga meM ve pratiSThita (virAjamAna) haiN| siddhaparamAtmA yahA~ manuSyaloka meM zarIra kA tyAga karake vahA~-loka ke agrabhAga meM jAkara siddha hue haiN| 1 savve sarA niyaTaeNti, takkA tattha na vijji| maI tattha na gAhiyA, oe appaiTThANassa kheyanne / se na dohe, na hasse, Na vaTTe, na taMse, na cauraMse, na parimaMDale / na kiNDe, na nIle, na lohie, na hAlidde, na sukkille, na surabhigaMdhe na durigaMdhe / na titta', na kaDue, na kasAe, na aMbile, na mahure / na kakkaDe, na maue, na gurue, na lahue, na sIe, na uNhe, na giddhe, na lukkhe / na kAU, na rudde, na sNge| na itthI, na purise, na annahA / pariNe saNNe / uvamA na vijjati, arUvI sttaa| apayassa payaM Natthi, se na sadde, na rUve, na gaMdhe, na rase, na phAse iccetaavNtii| -AcArAMga sUtra zruta0 1, a0 5, uddezaka 6 2 (pra0) kahiM paDihayA siddhA ? kahiM siddhA paiTThiyA ? kahiM boMdi caittANaM, kattha gatUNa sijjhai ? (u0) 'aloe paDihayA siddhA, loyagge ya paiTThiyA / ihaM boMdi caittANaM, tatthagaMtUNa sijjhai // ' -aupapAtikasUtra, uttarAdhyayana0 a0 36 gA0 55-56
Page #158
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 12 : jaina tattvakalikA siddha bhagavAn loka ke agrabhAga meM hI jAkara kyoM sthita ho jAte haiM ? isake do kAraNa haiM-(1) AtmA kA svabhAva Urdhvagamana (gati) karane kA hone se aura (2) dharmAstikAya aura adharmAstikAya lokAkAza meM hI hai, Age nahIM hai, isa kaarnn| jaise pASANa Adi pudgaloM kA svabhAva nIce kI ora gati karane kA hai, vAyu kA svabhAva tirachI dizA meM gati karane kA hai, isI prakAra karmabandhana se sarvathA mukta AtmA kA svabhAva Urdhvagati karane kA hai| AtmA jaba taka karmoM se lipta rahatA hai, taba taka usameM eka prakAra kI gurutA rahatI hai| isa gurutA ke kAraNa AtmA svabhAvataH UrdhvagatizIla hone para bhI Urdhvagati nahIM kara paataa| jaise- tUmbA svabhAva se hI jala ke Upara tairatA hai, kintu miTTI kA lepa kara dene para bhArI ho jAtA hai, isa kAraNa vaha jala ke Upara nahIM A sakatA; kintu jyoM hI miTTI kA lepa haTatA hai, tyoM hI tumbA Upara A jAtA hai| isI prakAra AtmA jyoM hI kamalepa se mukta ho jAtA hai, tyoM hI vaha agnizikhA kI bhA~ti Urdhvagamana karatA hai| jaise-eraNDa kA phala phaTate hI usake bhItara kA bIja Upara kI ora uchalatA hai, vaise hI jIva (AtmA) zarIra aura karma kA bandhana haTate hI UdhvaMgamana karake eka samaya mAtra kAla meM hI loka ke agrabhAga (antima chora) taka jA pahu~catA hai| siddha jIva kI vaha Urdhvagati vigraharahita hotI hai, isalie lokAna taka pahuMcane meM use kevala eka samaya lagatA hai|' siddha jIva loka ke agrabhAga meM hI Thahara jAtA hai Age aloka meM nahIM jAtA, isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki Age (aloka meM) dharmAstikAya nahIM hai| dharmAstikAya jIva kI gati meM sahAyaka hotA hai| ataH jahA~ taka dharmAstikAya hai, vahIM taka jIva kI gati hotI hai| dharmAstikAya ke abhAva meM Age alokAkAza meM gati nahIM hotii| isI kAraNa kahA gayA hai ki siddha paramAtmA loka ke agrabhAga meM sthita haiM aura aloka se laga kara ruka gae haiN| ___kaI loga yaha kahate haiM ki muktAtmA anantakAla taka nirantara avirata gati se ananta AkAza meM Upara hI Upara gamana karatA rahatA hai, kabhI kisI . kAla meM ThaharatA nahIM; kintu yaha kathana yathArtha aura yuktisaMgata nahIM hai| tadanantaramUvaM gacchatyAlokAntAt / pUrvaprayogAdasaMgattvAd bandhachedAttathAgati-pariNAmAcca tadgatiH / ' -tattvArtha0 a0 10, 5-6
Page #159
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ siddhadeva svarUpa : 93 siddhagatisthAna kI pahacAna ___ sarvArthasiddha vimAna se 12 yojana Upara paiMtAlIsa lAkha yojana kI laMbIcaur3I golAkAra chatrAkAra siddhazilA hai| vaha madhya meM ATha yojana moTI aura cAroM ora kramazaH ghaTatI-ghaTatI kinAre para makkhI ke paMkha se adhika patalI ho jAtI hai| vaha pathvI arjuna (zvetasvarNa) mayI hai, svabhAva se nirmala hai aura uttAna (ulaTe) chAte ke AkAra kI hai athavA taila se paripUrNa dIpaka ke AkAra kI hai| vaha zaMkha, aMkaratna aura kUndapuSpa-sI zveta, nirmala aura zubha hai| isakI paridhi lambAI-cauDAI se tigunI arthAta-14230246 yojana kI hai| isa sItA nAma kI ISatprAgbhArA pRthvI se eka yojana Upara loka kA anta hai| usa siddhazilA ke bAraha nAma haiM-(1) ISat, (2) ISatprAgbhArA, (3) tanu, (4) tanutara, (5) siddhi, (6) siddhAlaya, (7) muMkti, (8) muktAlaya, (6) lokAgra, (10) lokAgrastUpikA, (11) lokAgra-budhyamAna aura (12) sarvaprANa-bhUta-jIva-sattvasukhAvahA / ' isa siddhazilA ke eka yojana Upara, agrabhAga meM 45 lAkha yojana lambe-caur3e aura 333 dhanuSa, 32 aMgula U~ce kSetra meM anantasiddha bhagavAn virAjamAna haiN| yahIM bhava prapaMca se mukta, mahAbhAga, paramagati-siddhi ko prApta siddha agrabhAga meM sthita haiN| usa eka yojana ke Upara kA jo kosa hai, usa kosa ke chaThe bhAga meM siddhoM kI avagAhanA hotI hai / niSkarSa yaha hai ki jJAna-darzana se yukta, saMsAra ke pAra pahu~ce hae, paramagati-siddhi ko prApta ve siddha loka ke eka deza meM sthita haiN|' jahA~ eka siddha hai, vahA~ ananta siddha haiM prazna hotA hai-eka hI sthAna meM aneka siddha kaise raha sakate haiM ? isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki ja se eka hI puruSa kI buddhi meM hindI, aMgrejI, saMskRta, baMgalA, gujarAtI, marAThI Adi bhinna-bhinna bhASAe~ samabhAva se rahatI haiM, unakA uccAraNa bhinna-bhinna prakAra kA hote hue bhI unameM paraspara saMgharSa nahIM hotA, ve ekarUpa milakara rahatI haiN| isI prakAra jahA~ eka siddha virAjamAna hai, usI sthAna meM anantasiddha virAjamAna haiN| 1 uttarAdhyayana a0 36, gA0 57 se 67 taka, 2 'jattha ego siddho, tattha aNaMtakhya bhvvippmukko|'
Page #160
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 64 : jaina tattvakalikA . jisa prakAra eka kamare meM rakhe hue aneka dIpakoM kA prakAza paraspara mila jAtA hai, phira vaha ekarUpa se daSTigata hone lagatA hai| isI prakAra aneka siddhoM ke Atmapradeza paraspara milakara ekarUpa hokara sthita ho jAte haiN| jaise ghaTa, paTa Adi kI AkRti bhinna-bhinna hote hue bhI eka ho puruSa ke hRdaya meM Thahara jAtI hai, vaise hI siddhoM ke pradeza bhI paraspara milakara rahate haiN| jaise-cakSarindriyajanya jJAna se nAnA prakAra ke AkAra vAle padArtha jJAnAtmA meM ekarUpa se nivAsa karate haiM, isI prakAra ajara, amara, siddha, buddha, mukta ityAdi nAmoM se yukta siddha bhagavAn bhI ekarUpa se virAjamAna haiN| mukti : AtmA kI viziSTa paryAya __ sAdhAraNa loga yaha samajhate haiM ki jaise naraka eka vizeSa bhUbhAga ko tathA svarga eka sthAna vizeSa ko kahate haiM, vaise hI mokSa bhI kisI sthAna kA nAma hai, kintu vAstava meM mokSa koI sthAna nahIM hai, vaha AtmA kI viziSTa paryAya hai / sarvathA zuddha, buddha, mukta aura siddha rUpa AtmA kI avasthA (paryAya) mokSa kahalAtI hai / siddha-AtmA loka ke agrabhAga meM virAjamAna hotA hai, isa kAraNa use siddhigati sthAna kahate haiM; kintu aisA nahIM samajhanA cAhie. ki jo jIva usa sthAna meM rahate haiM, ve sabhI siddha haiM yA usa sthAna ko hI mokSa kahate haiN| vAstava meM karmoM se rahita avasthA mukti kahalAtI hai aura muktAtmA lokAgra bhAga meM sthita hote haiN| vAstava meM siddha paramAtmA AtmA ke zuddha svarUpa meM sthira hote haiM, jisase bar3hakara pavitra yA zuddha avasthA isa jagat meM anya koI nahIM hai| siddhoM ke guNa yoM to siddha paramAtmA meM anantaguNa hote haiM, tathApi jJAnAvaraNIya Adi ATha karmoM ke kSaya kI apekSA se unameM 31 guNa vizeSatayA AvibhUta ho jAte haiN| vastutaH AtmA jJAnasvarUpa aura anantaguNoM kA samudAyarUpa hai; parantu karmajanya upAdhibheda se saMsArI AtmAoM ke ve guNa AvaraNayukta ho rahe haiM / ___ jaise-sUryaprakAza rUpa hone para bhI bAdaloM ke kAraNa usa para AvaraNa A jAtA hai usakA prakAzavAnarUpa hameM dikhAI nahIM detA / isI prakAra AtmA bhI prakAzamAna hai, usa para Ae hue AvaraNa jaba dUra ho jAte haiM, taba vaha guNa samudAya prakaTa ho jAtA hai, phira usa pUrNa zuddha AtmA ko
Page #161
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ siddhadeva svarUpa : 65 siddha, buddha, ajara, amara, sarvajJa, sarvadarzI aura anantazakti sampanna ityAdi zubha nAmoM se pukArA jAtA hai / ve 31 guNa' isa prakAra haiM (1) siddha paramAtmA ke Abhinibodhika jJAnAvaraNa kSINa ho cukA hai / arthAt jJAnAvaraNIya karma kI pA~ca prakRtiyoM meM se Abhinibodhika jJAna ke 28 bheda haiM, una para Ae hae karma paramANuoM ke AvaraNoM kA kSaya ho cukatA haiN| (2) zru ta jJAnAvaraNa (zru tajJAna ke 14 bheda haiM, una para Ae hue AvaraNa) kA kSaya ho cukA hai| (3) avadhijJAna (ke 6 bhedoM) para Ae hue AvaraNa kA kSaya ho cukA hai| (4) manaHparyavajJAna (ke do bhedoM) para Aye hue AvaraNa kA kSaya ho cukA hai| . (5) kevalajJAna (ke kevala eka bheda) para Ae hue AvaraNa kA bhI kSaya ho cukA hai| jJAnAvaraNa kI pA~coM prakRtiyoM ke AvaraNa kSoNa (dUra) ho jAne se siddha bhagavAn ko sarvajJa kahA jAtA hai / (6) cakSudarzana para AyA huA AvaraNa siddha paramAtmA kA kSaya ho cukA hai| (7) cakSa varjita zrotrendriyAdi indriyoM para AyA huA AvaraNa (acakSa rdazanAvaraNa) bhI kSINa ho cukA hai| (8) avadhidarzana para AyA huA AvaraNa bhI nimUla ho gayA hai / 1 ekkatIsaM siddhAiguNA paNNattA, taM jahA-khINe AbhiNi-bohiyaNANAvaraNe, khINe suyaNANAvaraNe, khINe ohiNANA-varaNe, khINe maNapajjavaNANAvaraNe khINe kevalaNANAvaraNe; khINe cakbudaMsaNAvaraNe, khINe acakkhudaMsaNAvaraNe, khINe ohidasaNAvaraNe, khINe kevaladasaNAvaraNe, khINe nidA, khINe nidA-nidAM, khINe payalA, khINe payalA-payalA, khINe thINaddhI; khINe sAyAvaraNijje, khINe asAyAvaraNijje; khINe daMsaNamohaNijje, khINe carittamohaNijje; khINe nera' iAue, khINe tiriyAue, khINe maNussAue, khINe devAue; khINe uccAgoe, khINe niccAgoe; khINe subhanAme, khINe asu bhaNAme; khINedANAMtarAe, khINe lAbhAMtarAe, khINe bhogAMtarAe khINe uvabhogatarAe khINe vIriaMtarAe / -samavAyAMgasUtra 31 vAM samavAyAdhyayana /
Page #162
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 66 : jaina tatvakalikA () kevaladarzanagata AvaraNa bhI kSINa ho cukA hai| (10) nidrA (sukhapUrvakazayana) rUpa darzanAvaraNa bhI calA gayA hai| (11) nidrA-nidrA (sukhapUrvaka zayana karane ke pazcAt duHkhapUrvaka jAgRta avasthA) rUpa dazA bhI jAtI rahI hai| (12) pracalA (baiThe-baiThe hI nidrAgata hone rUpa) avasthA bhI unakI nahIM rhii| ___, (13) pracalA-pracalA (pazu kI taraha prAyaH calate-calate nidrAdhIna ho jAne rUpa) dazA bhI samApta ho gaI hai| (14) styAddhi (atyanta ghora nidrA, jisake udaya se vAsudeva kA AdhA bala prApta ho jAe, aisI atyanta bhayaMkara nidrA) dazA bhI siddha paramAtmA kI nahIM rhii|| isa prakAra darzanAvaraNIya karma kI sabhI prakRtiyoM kA kSaya hone ke kAraNa siddha bhagavAn sarvadarzI bana jAte haiN| (15-16) siddha bhagavAn ke vedanIya karma kI donoM prakRtiyA~-sAtA rUpa prakRti aura asAtA rUpa prakati-kSINa ho cukI haiM, isalie ve akSaya Atmika sukha meM magna haiN| (17-18) mohanIya karma kI donoM prakRtiyoM-darzana mohanIya aura cAritra mohanIya ke kSaya ho jAne se siddha paramAtmA kSAyika samyaktva ke dhAraka ho jAte haiN| (16-20-21-22) AyuSyakarma kI cAroM prakRtiyoM-narakAyu, tithaMcAyu manuSyAyu aura devAyu-ke kSaya ho jAne se bhagavAn nirAyu haiM, ataeva unheM zAzvata kahA jAtA hai, kyoMki AyuSyakarma ke kAraNa jIva kI azAzvata dazAe~ hotI haiN| (23-24) gotrakarma kI donoM prakRtiyA~-uccagotra aura nIcagotrakA bhI abhAva ho cukA hai| gotrakarma ke kAraNa jIva kI ucca-nIca-dazA hotI rahatI hai| gotrakarma ke na rahane se siddha bhagavAn kI ucca-nIca dazA bhI samApta ho gii| (25-26) isI prakAra zubhanAma aura azubhanAmarUpa nAmakarma kI jo do prakRtiyA~ haiM, ve bhI samApta ho cuko haiN| sAdi-sAntarUpa nAmakarma ke kSaya ho jAne se siddha bhagavAn anAdi-anantapadarUpa nAma saMjJA meM sthita ho gae haiN| arthAt-apane ananta guNoM kI apekSA se siddha paramAtmA ananta nAma kahalAte haiN|
Page #163
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ siddhadeva svarUpa : 67 (27-28-29-30-31) siddha bhagavAn ke antarAyakarma kI pA~coM prakRtiyA~-dAnAntarAya, lAbhAntarAya, bhogAntarAya, upabhogAntarAya aura vIryAntarAya-kSaya ho cukIM, taba antarAyakarma ke sarvathA naSTa ho jAne se ukta pA~coM ananta zaktiyA~ unameM prAdUrbhUta ho gii| isI kAraNa se siddha paramAtmA ko anantazaktimAn kahA jAtA hai / siddha bhagavAn ko aneka siddhoM kI apekSA se anAdi-ananta kahA jAtA hai, kintu kisI eka mokSagata jIva kI apekSA se siddha bhagavAn ko sAdiananta kahA jAtA hai, kyoMki jisa kAla meM amuka vyakti mokSa pahu~cA hai, usa kAla kI apekSA se usa jIva kI Adi to hai, parantu apunarAvRtti hone se use 'ananta' kahA jAtA hai| ataH jo anAdi-anantayukta siddha pada hai, usameM pUrvokta guNa sadA se cale A rahe haiM, parantu jo sAdi-ananta siddhapada hai, usameM ukta guNa ATha karmoM ke kSaya ho jAne se prakaTa ho jAte haiN| jisa prakAra sonA malarahita ho jAne para apanI zuddhatA aura camaka-damaka dhAraNa karane laga jAtA hai, usI prakAra jaba jIva sabhI prakAra ke karmamala se rahita ho jAtA hai taba apanI zuddha, nirmala, anantaguNarUpa nijadazA ko zAzvata rUpa se dhAraNa kara letA hai| pUrvokta 31 guNoM kI apekSA se pUrvAcAryoM ne siddhoM ke saMkSepa meM ATha guNa batAe haiM--ve isa prakAra haiM-(1) anantajJAnatva, (2) anantadarzanatva, (3) avyAbAdhattra, (4) kSAyikasamyaktva, (5) avyayatva, (6) arUpitva, (7) agurulaghutva aura (8) anantavIryatva / ye ATha guNa jJAnAvaraNIya Adi ATha karmoM ke kSaya hone para utpanna hue haiN| jaise (1) pA~ca prakAra ke jJAnAvaraNIya karma kA kSaya ho jAne se siddha bhagavAn meM ananta (kevala) jJAna prakaTa ho gayA, jisase ve sarva dravya-kSetra-kAla-bhAva ko jAnate haiN| (2) nau prakAra ke darzanAvaraNa karma kA kSaya ho jAne se ananta (kevala) darzana-guNa prakaTa huA, jisase ve sarvadravya-kSetrAdi ko dekhane (sAmAnyarUpa se jAnane) lge| 1 egattaNa sAIyA apajjavasiyA vi ya / puhuttaNa aNAIyA apajjavasiyA vi ya / -uttarAdhyayana, adhyayana 36, gAthA 65
Page #164
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 68 : jaina tasvakalikA (3) donoM prakAra ke vedanIya karma ke kSaya ho jAne se unheM avyAbAdha ( nirAbAdha) sukha kI prApti ho gaI, ve bAdhA - pIr3Arahita ho gae; kyoMki ananta siddhoM ke pradeza paraspara sammilita ho jAne para bhI unheM koI bAdhApIr3A nahIM hotI / siddhoM ke zuddha AtmapradezoM kA paraspara sammilita honA, avyAbAdhasukhotpAdaka hotA hai / (4) do prakAra ke mohanIya karma kA kSaya ho jAne se unheM kSAyika samyaktvaratna kI prApti ho gaI, jisase ve sva svarUpa meM satata ramaNa karate haiM / (5) cAroM prakAra ke AyuSyakarma kA kSaya ho jAne se ve avyaya ( ajaraamara) ho gae / jaba taka AyuSyakarma rahatA hai, taba taka AtmA kI bAlya, yauvana, vArddhakya, rogitva, nIrogitva Adi dazA kI saMbhAvanA rahatI hai / jaba AyuSyakarma ke pradeza AtmapradezoM se sarvathA pRthak ho jAte haiM, taba vaha AtmA avyayatvaguNa kA dhAraka ho jAtA hai / AyuSyakarma sthiti yukta hai / AyuSyakarma ke pradezoM kI sthiti 'utkRSTa 33 sAgaropama hotI hai / yaha karma sthiti yukta hone se jIva sAdi - sAnta pada vAlA hotA hai; kintu jaba siddhoM ke AyuSyakarma kA abhAva ho jAtA hai, taba ve sAdi ananta pada ko dhAraNa karate hue avyayatva guNa ke dhAraka bhI hote haiM / (6) do prakAra ke nAmakarma kA kSaya ho jAne se ve amUrtika hue / nAmakarma ke hone se zarIra, indriya, aMgopAMga, jAti Adi kI racanA hotI hai / nAmakarma varNa- gandha-rasa sparza-pudgalajanya hotA hai / jaba AyuSya aura nAmakarma kA kSaya kara diyA to siddha bhagavAn zarIrAdi tathA varNAdi se rahita ho gae / zarIra se rahita AtmA amUtrtika aura arUpI hotA hai; kyoMki AtmA kA nija guNa amUrtika hai / (7) gotrakarma kA kSaya ho jAne se siddha bhagavAn agurulaghutva-guNa se yukta ho gae / jaba gotrakarma rahatA hai, taba uccagotra ke kAraNa nAnA prakAra ke gaurava (gurutA) kI prApti hotI hai aura nIcagotra ke kAraNa nAnA prakAra kI laghutA (hInatA-tiraskAra) kA sAmanA karanA par3atA hai / jaba gotrakarma hI kSINa ho gayA, taba gurutA - laghutA ( mAna-apamAna) hI nahIM rahe aura siddha bhagavAn agurulaghutva guNa ke dhAraka ho gae / yahA~ eka zaMkA hotI hai ki 'siddha bhagavAn bhaktoM dvArA upAsya aura pUjya haiM, kintu jo nAstika haiM, ve to siddha bhagavAn ke astitva meM hI zaMkA karate haiM, ataH nAstikoM dvArA ve upAsya aura pUjya nahIM hote, aisI sthiti meM siddha bhagavAn ke prati uccatA - nIcatA ( gurutA - laghutA) kA bhAva A jAne se unameM gotrakarma kA sadabhAva kyoM nahIM mAnA jAe ?"
Page #165
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ siddhadeva svarUpa : 66 isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki gotrakarma kI vargaNAe~ paramANurUpa haiM; ataH ve pudgalajanya hone se rUpI bhAva ko dhAraNa karatI haiM aura jIva jaba taka gotrakarma se yukta hotA hai, taba taka vaha zarIradhArI avazya hotA hai / usa samaya gotrakarma dvArA usa jIva ko ucca yA nIca dazA kI prApti honA gotrakarma kA phala mAnA jA sakatA hai, kintu siddha arUpI haiM, amUrtika haiM aura zarIra rahita haiM, aisI sthiti meM siddhoM ke sAtha gotrakarma kA sadbhAva na hone se unameM ucca-nIca dazA kI prApti kathamapi sambhava nahIM hai / kevala AstikoM yA nAstikoM dvArA hI pUrvokta kriyAoM ke karane se siddhoM meM gotrakarma kA sadbhAva nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / ataH siddhaparamAtmA meM agurulaghutva guNa hI mAnanA cAhie, jo ki zuddha AtmA kA nija guNa hai | (8) pA~ca prakAra ke antarAyakarma kA kSaya ho jAne se siddhoM meM ukta prakAra kI ananta zakti prAdubhUta ho gaI / ve ananta zaktimAna ho gae / 1 ananta jJAnadarzana ke dvArA ve saba padArthoM ko hastAmalakavat yathAvasthita rUpa se jAnate aura dekhate haiM aura ve apane svarUpa se kadApi skhalita nahIM hote / isIlie unheM saccidAnandamaya kahA jAtA hai / jo akSaya Atmika sukha siddha paramAtmA ko prApta hotA hai, vaha sukha devoM yA cakravartI Adi viziSTa manuSyoM ko bilakula prApta nahIM hai / kyoMki Atmika sukha ke samakSa paugalika sukha kucha bhI nahIM hai / jaise sUrya ke prakAza ke sAtha dIpaka Adi prakAza kI tulanA nahIM kI jA sakatI, usI prakAra siddhoM ke sukha ke samakSa anya sukha kSudratama pratIta hote haiM / isIlie uttarAdhyayana meM kahA hai ki ve arUpa haiM, saghana haiM, (ananta) jJAna- darzanasampanna haiM; jisakI koI upamA nahIM hai, aisA atula sukha unheM prApta hai / siddhoM - muktAtmAoM ke prakAra jainadarzana ke anusAra koI bhI manuSya, cAhe vaha gRhastha ho athavA sAdhu-saMnyAsI ho, cAhe usakI dArzanika mAnyatAe~ yA kriyAkANDa jainadharma ke anusAra hoM athavA anya dharma (tIrtha) - sampradAya ke anusAra mukta (siddha) ho sakatA hai / jainadharma mokSaprApti meM veSa yA liMga kI kisI prakAra kI roka nahIM lagAtA / jaina darzana ke anusAra strI bhI mukta ho sakatI hai, puruSa bhI aura napuMsaka bhI mukta ho sakatA hai| tIrthaMkara bhI mukta ho sakate haiM aura sAdhAraNa jana bhI mukta ho sakate haiM / jainadharma ke sAmpradAyika rUpa vAle svaliMgI sAdhu bhI * mukta
Page #166
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 100 : jaina tattvakalikA 1 ho sakate haiM aura anya sampradAya vAle anyaliMgI sAdhu bhI mukta ho sakate haiM / parantu ina sabake lie eka hI zarta hai, vaha hai- vItarAgatA kI, rAgadva eSa ke vijaya kI / jisane bhI rAga-dva eSa ko jItA, moha ko mArA vaha jainadharma ke anusAra siddha (mukta) paramAtmA ho sakatA hai / samadarzI AcArya haribhadra ne isI siddhAnta kA samarthana kiyA haicAhe zvetAmbara ho yA digambara, bauddha ho athavA anya koI ho, yadi samabhAva ( vItarAgabhAva) se usakI AtmA bhAvita hai to vaha avazya hI (niHsandeha ) mokSa prApta karatA hai / " vAstava meM vItarAgatA athavA samatAyoga mAnasika yA Antarika dharma hai / jaba kisI vyakti meM saccI vItarAgatA prakaTa ho jAtI hai, taba usakA prabhAva usake vicAra vANI aura vyavahAra para par3e binA nahIM rahatA / vItarAgatA se mokSa prApti ke lie sAdhu dharma (anagAradharma ) ko yadi mAna leM, taba bhI aisA ekAnta nahIM hai ki usake binA vItarAgatA se mukti kI sAdhanA zakya na ho athavA usakI prApti na ho sake / nIce hama Agama pATha ke anusAra 152 prakAroM meM se kisI bhI prakAra se siddha mukta hone kI jainadharma kI udAra mAnyatA de rahe haiM (1) tIrthaMkarasiddha - jo tIrthaMkara pada prApta karake siddha hote haiM / jaise - vartamAna caubIsI ke bhagavAn RSabhadeva se lekara bhagavAn mahAvIra taka sabhI tIrthaMkara siddha-mukta ho cuke haiM / (2) atIrthaMkara siddha - jo sAmAnya kevalI hokara yA arhaddazA prApta karake siddha hote haiM / (3) tIrthasiddha - sAdhu-sAdhvI zrAvaka-zrAvikA rUpa catuvidha dhamatIrtha (jainasaMgha) se jo siddha hote haiM / (4) atIrthasiddha - jo tIrtha kI sthApanA se pahale yA tIrtha kA 1 seyaMbaro vA AsaMbaro, vA buddho va taheva annovA / samabhAvabhAviyappA lahai sukkhaM na saMdeho || 2 1. titthasiddhA, 2 . atitthasiddhA, 3. titthayarasiddhA, 4. - saMbodhasattarI atitthayarasiddhA, 5. sayaMbuddhasiddhA, 6. patte yabuddha siddhA, 7 buddhabohiyasiddhA, 8 itthiliMgasiddhA, 6. purisaliMgasiddhA, 10. napuMsakaliMgasiddhA, 11. saliMgasiddhA 12. annaliMgasiddhA 13. gihiliMgasiddhA, 14. egasiddhA, 15. aNega siddhA / - naMdIsuta, kevalajJAnaprakaraNa, prajJApanA, prathama prajJApanApada, siddha prajJApanA
Page #167
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ siddhadeva svarUpa : 101 viccheda ho jAne ke bAda siddha hote haiM; athavA tIrtha (jaina dharma saMgha ) kA Azraya lie binA hI svataMtra rUpa se siddha hote haiM / (5) svayaM buddhasiddha - jAtismaraNa Adi jJAna se apane pUrvabhavoM ko jAnakara guru ke binA svayaM pratibuddha hokara dIkSA dhAraNa karake jo siddha-mukta hote haiM / (6) pratyeka buddhasiddha - jo vRkSa, vRSabha (baila), zmazAna, megha, viyoga yA roga Adi kA nimitta pAkara anitya Adi bhAvanA se prerita ( pratibuddha) hokara svayaM dIkSA lekara jo siddha hue hoM / jaise - karakaNDu rAjA baila ko dekhakara pratibuddha hue, svayaM dIkSA lI aura mukta hue the 1 (7) buddhabodhitasiddha - AcArya Adi se bodha prApta karake dIkSita hokara jo siddha hote haiM / (8) strIliMgasiddha - veda-vikAra kA kSaya karake strI- zarIra se vItarAgatA prApta karake jo siddha-mukta hote haiM / jaise - marudevI mAtA ne hAthI ke haude para baiThe mohAdi vikAroM ko nirmUla kara diyA thA; aura vahIM vItarAgatA prApta karake mukta (siddha) ho gaI thI / (e) puruSaliMgasiddha - jo puruSa - zarIra se vItarAgatA prApta karake siddhabuddha-mukta ho gae haiN| (10) napuMsakaliMgasiddha - jo napuMsaka zarIra se siddha hote haiM / (11) svaliMgasiddha - rajoharaNa mukhavastrikA Adi svaliMga (jainasampradAya kA sAdhuveSa ) dhAraNa karake siddha hue hoM / ' (12) anyaliMgasiddha - anya sampradAya ke liMga - veSa meM jo siddhamukta hue hoM / (13) gRhiliMga siddha - gRhastha veSa meM dharmAcaraNa karate-karate pariNAmavizuddhi ho jAne para kevalajJAna evaM vItarAgatA prApta ho jAne para jo mukta ho / (14) ekasiddha - jo vyakti eka samaya meM akelA hI siddha-mukta huA ho / 1 uttarAdhyayana, adhyayana 23, gAthA 33, bhAvavijayagaNikRta TIkAjJAnAddeva muktisAdhanam, na tu liMgam / '''' 2 ....mokSaprApti na veSaprAdhAnyaM kintu samabhAva eva nirvRttihetuH / -sambodhasattarI, TIkA guNavijaya vAcaka 3 uttarAdhyayana, adhyayana 36, gAthA 46
Page #168
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 102 : jaina tatvakalikA (15) anekasiddha-eka samaya meM do, tIna Adi se lekara 108 taka jo siddha hoM, ve aneka siddha kahalAte haiN| __ jaina dharma veSapUjaka yA kriyAkANDapUjaka nahIM hai, vaha vyaktipUjaka bhI nahIM hai; kintu guNapUjaka haiM / usakA yaha dAvA nahIM hai ki usakI hI mAnyatA, kriyAkANDa, veSa Adi vAle hI mukta (siddha) hote haiM, hue haiM yA ho sakate haiN| jaina dharma kI mAnyatA hai ki mukti para kisI kA ekAdhikAra (Monopoly) nahIM hai| jaina dharma meM jahA~ kahIM bhI vyaktipUjA ko sthAna milA bhI hai, vahA~ vaha vyakti meM avasthita AdarAspada guNoM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara hI hai| jaina dharma kA yaha spaSTa AghoSa hai ki saMsAra kA koI bhI manuSya, bhale hI vaha kisI bhI jAti, dharma-sampradAya, deza, veSa aura rUpa kA ho, vItarAgatA Adi AdhyAtmika guNoM kA vikAsa karake siddha, buddha aura mukta paramAtmA bana sakatA hai| vibhinna apekSAoM se siddhoM kI gaNanA zAstra meM kisa apekSA se kitane siddha hote haiM ? isakI gaNanA dI gaI hai| (1) tIrtha kI vidyamAnatA meM eka samaya meM 108 taka siddha hote haiN| (2) tIrtha kA viccheda hone para eka samaya meM 10 siddha hote haiN| ' (3) tIrthaMkara eka samaya meM eka sAtha bIsa siddha ho sakate haiN| (4) atIrthaMkara (sAmAnya kevalI) eka samaya meM 108 siddha ho sakate haiN| (5) svayaMbuddha eka samaya meM 108 siddha ho sakate haiN| (6) pratyeka buddha eka samaya meM 6 siddha ho sakate haiN| (7) buddha-bodhita eka samaya meM 108 taka siddha ho sakate haiM / (8) svaliMgI eka samaya meM 108 siddha ho sakate haiN|' (9) anyaliMgI eka samaya meM 10 siddha ho sakate haiN| (10) gRhiliMgI eka samaya meM 4 siddha ho sakate haiN| (11) strIliMgI eka samaya meM 20 siddha ho sakate haiN| (12) puruSaliMgI eka samaya meM 108 siddha ho sakate haiN| 1 uttarAdhyayana, adhyayana 36 gAthA 51-52 2 yaha jo gaNanA batalAI hai, vaha sarvatra eka samaya meM adhika se adhika siddha hone vAloM kI hai|
Page #169
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ siddhadeva svarUpa : 103 (13) napuMsakaliMgI eka samaya meM 10 siddha ho sakate haiM / pUrvabhavAzrita siddha - pahalI, dUsaro aura tIsarI narakabhUmi se nikala kara Ane vAle jIva eka samaya meM 10 siddha hote haiM / cautho narakabhUmi se nikale hue 4 siddha hote haiM / pRthvokAya aura apkAya se nikale hue 4 siddha hote haiM / paMcendriya garbhaja tiryaJca aura tiryaJcI kI paryAya se tathA manuSya kI paryAya se nikalakara manuSya bane hue 10 jIva siddha hote haiN| manuSyanI se Ae hue 20 siddha hote haiM / bhavanapati, vANavyantara aura jyotiSka devoM se Ae hue 20 siddha hote haiM / vaimAnika devoM se Aye hue 108 siddha hote haiM aura vaimAnika deviyoM se Aye hue 20 jIva siddha hote haiM / kSetrAzrita siddha - Urdhvaloka meM 4, 1 adholoka meM 20 aura madhyaloka meM 108 siddha hote haiM / samudra meM 2, nadI Adi ra sarovaroM meM 3, pratyeka vijaya meM alaga-alaga 20 siddha hoM (to bhI eka samaya meM 108 se adhika jIva siddha nahIM ho sakate), meruparvata ke bhadrazAla vana, nandanavana aura somanasavana meM 4, pANDukavana meM 2, akarmabhUmi ke kSetroM meM 10, karmabhUmi ke kSetroM meM 108; prathama, dvitIya, paMcama tathA chaThe Are meM 10 aura tIsare - cauthe Are meM 108 jIva siddha hote haiM / 3 kArmaNa vargaNA ke pudgaloM ke avagAhanAzrita siddha - jaghanya do hAtha kI avagAhanA vAle eka samaya meM 4 siddha hote haiM, madhyama avagAhanA vAle 108 aura utkRSTa 500 dhanuSa ' kI avagAhanA vAle eka samaya meM 2 jIva siddha hote haiM / tAtparya yaha hai ki saMsAra - avasthA meM sAtha AtmA ke pradeza, kSIra-nIra kI taraha mile rahate haiM / siddha-avasthA prApta hone para karmapradeza bhinna ho jAte haiM aura kevala Atmapradeza hI raha jAte haiM aura ve saghana ho jAte haiM / isa kAraNa antima zarIra se tIsare bhAga kama, AtmapradezoM ko avagAhanA siddhadazA meM raha jAtI hai / udAharaNArtha500 dhanuSa kI avagAhanA vAle zarIra ko tyAgakara jo jIva siddha huA hai, usakI avagAhanA vahA~ 333 dhanuSa aura 32 aMgula kI hogI / jo jIva sAta 1 2 3 4 uttarAdhyayana, adhyayana 36, gAthA 54 samudra, nadI, akarmabhUmi ke kSetra, parvata Adi sthAnoM meM koI haraNa karake jAe to vahA~ vaha jIva kevalajJAna prApta karake siddha hotA hai, anyathA nahIM / yaha saMkhyA bhI sarvatra eka samaya meM adhika se adhika siddha hone vAloM kI hai / uttarAdhyayana, adhyayana 36, gAthA 53
Page #170
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 104 : jaina tattvakalikA hAtha ke zarIra kA tyAgakara siddha hue haiM, siddhAvasthA meM unakI avagAhanA 4 hAtha aura 16 aMgula kI hotI hai| jo jIva do hAtha kI avagAhanA vAle zarIra ko tyAgakara siddha hue haiM, unakI avagAhanA siddhAvasthA meM 1 hAtha aura 8 aMgula kI hotI hai| devatattva kaisA, kyoM aura kaise mAnA jAe? __'deva' tattva ke svarUpa aura lakSaNa ke viSaya meM vistRta rUpa se vizleSaNa kiyA jA cukA hai| arihaMta jIvanmukta rUpa meM aura siddha, videhamukta rUpa meM AtmavikAsa kI pUrNa avasthA para pahu~ce hue haiN| ataH pUrNa rUpa se pUjya hone ke kAraNa ye donoM devatva kI koTi meM gine jAte haiN| devakoTi ke ina donoM ArAdhya tattvoM kA yathArtha svarUpa jAna lene para vyakti sarAgI aura AtmakalyANa ke lie apreraka vyakti yA deva ko deva nahIM mAnakara parama Adarza rUpa anukaraNIya vItarAga vyakti (devAdhideva) ko hI deva maanegaa| itanA jAna lene para bhI devatattva ke viSaya meM kucha bAteM aura jAnanI zeSa raha jAtI haiN| devatattva ko mAnane se lAbha devakoTi meM jina do prakAra ke devoM kA varNana kiyA hai, unameM se siddha paramAtmA to niraJjana, arUpI evaM kevala AtmasvarUpa hone se dikhAI hI ' nahIM dete; kintu arihanta (tIrthaMkara) deva sAkAra evaM sadeha hote hue bhI vartamAna kAla meM bharatakSetra meM dRSTigocara nahIM haiM, ataH ina donoM koTi ke devoM ko kyoM mAnA jAe.? unako mAnane yA pUjane se, unakI bhakti karane se kyA-kyA lAbha haiM ? ina saba viSayoM para vicAra karanA atyAvazyaka hai| siddha paramAtmA. yA arihantadeva cAhe hameM carmacakSa oM se na dikhAI deM, phira bhI yadi unake svarUpa kA apane svaccha antaHkaraNa meM cintana kiyA jAya, unakA mAnasika rUpa se sAnnidhya yA sannikaTatva prApta kiyA jAe to manuSya ko dRSTivizuddhi, Atmabala evaM vItarAgatA kI preraNA Adi anekoM lAbha haiM aura ye lAbha AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI daSTi se atyanta mahattvapUrNa haiN| jinhoMne pUrNa paramAtma pada prApta kiyA hai, vaha vItarAga deva sadeva jisa manuSya ke Adarza aura anukaraNIya haiM; unakI vItarAgatA ke sambandha meM vicAra cintana karane para vaha vyakti bhI vItarAgatA kI prApti kara sakatA hai| aiso pratIti aura vizvAsa usameM paidA ho jAtA hai|
Page #171
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ siddhadeva svarUpa : 105 kalikAlasarvajJa AcArya hemacandra ne yogazAstra meM batAyA hai ki 'vItarAga (rAgarahita) kA dhyAna (cintana-manana praNidhAna) karane se manuSya svayaM rAgarahita hokara karmoM se mukta bana jAtA hai aura rAgI (sarAga) kA Alambana lene vAlA manuSya kAma, krodha, lobha, moha, harSa-zoka evaM rAga dvaSAdi vikSepa yA vikSobha paidA karane vAlI sarAgatA ko prApta karatA hai|'1 AtmA sphaTika ke samAna hai| jaise-sphaTika ke pAsa jaise raMga kA phUla rakhA jAtA hai, vaisA hI raMga vaha (sphaTika) apane meM dhAraNa kara letA hai, ThIka vaise hI rAga-dvaSa ke jaise saMyoga-saMsarga AtmA ko milate haiM, vaise hI saMskAra AtmA meM zIghra utpanna ho jAte haiM, jinase manuSya rAgI banakara duHkha, azAnti Adi prApta karatA hai| ataH sabhI duHkhoM ke utpAdaka rAga-dvaSa ko dUra karane ke aura vItarAgatA prApta karane ke lie rAga-dvoSa rahita paramAtmA (arhanta aura siddha) kA pavitra saMsarga prApta karanA yA avalambana lenA, vaise saMsage meM rahanA parama upayogI evaM Avazyaka hai| vItarAgadevoM kA svarUpa parama nirmala, zAntimaya evaM vItarAgatA yukta hai| rAgadvaSa kA raMga yA usakA tanika-sA bhI prabhAva unake svarUpa meM bilakUla nahIM hai| ataH unakA dhyAna karane-cintana-manana karane tathA unakA avalambana lene se AtmA meM vItarAga-bhAva kA saMcAra hotA hai| sadA se hI zikSA ke kSetra meM vidyArthiyoM ke lie mahApuruSoM ke jIvana caritra par3hane aura manana karane kA jo nirdeza kiyA jAtA rahA hai, usake pIche bhI zikSA vizAradoM kA yahI abhiprAya rahA hai ki yadi vidyArthI mahApuruSoM ke jIvana-caritra kA paThana-manana kareMge to unake jIvana meM mahApuruSa banane kI preraNA jagegI aura ve bhI eka dina mahApuruSa bana skeNge| - yaha to sarvavidita hai ki eka rUpavatI ramaNI ke saMsarga se sAdhAraNa manuSya ke mana meM eka vilakSaNa prakAra kA bhAva utpanna hotA hai| putra yA mitra ko dekhane aura milane para vAtsalya yA sneha jAgRta hotA hai aura eka samabhAvI sAdhu ke darzana se hRdaya meM zAntipUrNa AlhAda kA anubhava hotA hai / sajjana kA sAnnidhya aura saMga susaMskAra kA aura durjana kA sAnnidhya aura saMga kusaMskAra kA bhAva paidA karatA hai| isalie yaha kahAvata prasiddha hai- 'jaisA saMga vaisA raMga' / jaba vItarAgadeva kA sAnnidhya prApta kiyA jAtA hai, taba hRdaya meM 1 vItarAgo vimucyeta vItarAgaM vicintayan / rAgiNaM tu samAlambya, rAgI syAt kSobhaNAdikRt ||-yogshaastr pra0 6, zloka 13
Page #172
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 106 : jaina tattvakalikA avazya hI vItarAgatA ke bhAva evaM saMskAra jAgRta hote haiM / vItarAgadeva kA sAnnidhya pAne yA satsaMga karane kA artha hai-- unakA nAmasmaraNa, bhajana, stavana, namana, guNagAna yA guNasmaraNa karanA / vItarAga deva ke sAnnidhya se lAbha vItarAgadeva ke sAnnidhya kA lAbha jitanA - jitanA adhika liyA jAtA hai, vaise-vaise mana ke bhAva, ullAsa aura zuddhatA bar3hate jAte haiM / arthAtparamAtmadeva ke sAnnidhyakartA kA mohAvaraNa haTatA jAtA hai, vAsanA jhar3atI jAtI hai aura vaha adhikAdhika sattvasampanna ( jJAnAdiyukta) hotA jAtA hai / isa prakAra uccadazArUr3ha hokara AtmA mahAtmA kI bhUmikA se Age bar3hakara paramAtmapada kI bhUmikA meM praviSTa hotA hai / ukta sAnnidhya ke prabala abhyAsa se rAga-dva eSa kI vRttiyA~ svataH zAnta hone lagatI haiM / jaise - agni ke pAsa jAne vAle manuSya kI ThaMDa agni ke sAnnidhya se svataH ur3a jAtI hai; agni kisI ko vaha phala dene ke lie apane pAsa nahIM bulAtI tathA prasanna hokara vaha phala detI bhI nahIM; isI prakAra vItarAga paramAtmA ke sAnnidhya evaM upAsanA se unake guNasmaraNa rUpa praNidhAna se rAgAdi doSarUpa ThaMDa svataH ur3ane lagatI hai; aura sAnnidhyakarttA vyakti ko AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke rUpa meM phala svataH milatA jAtA hai / ataH pratyeka mumukSu sAdhaka ko vItarAga deva (arihanta - siddha) kI upAsanA, guNasmaraNa, namana-vandana Adi avazya karanA cAhie / upAsya paramAtmA kI upAsanA se lAbha paramAtmA vItarAga haiM, ve kisI para ruSTa yA tuSTa nahIM hote / agara manuSya ke dvArA kI gaI stuti, yA upAsanA se athavA bhakti ke upacAra se vItarAga prabhu prasanna hoMge, to vaha stuti upAsanA yA bhakti na karane vAle para vaha aprasanna bhI hoMge, parantu vItarAga paramAtmA aisI prakRti ke nahIM haiM / vItarAga prabhu to rAga-dva eSa rahita, pUrNAtmA, pUrNAnanda, vizvambhara haiM / upAsya paramAtmA upAsaka se kisI prakAra kI apekSA nahIM rakhate, ve kucha bhI nahIM cAhate; aura na hI upAsya paramAtmA kI upAsanA upAsaka dvArA kI jAne se upAsya paramAtmA ko kucha bhI lAbha yA upakAra hotA hai / upAsaka sirpha apanI AtmA ke upakAra ke lie hI upAsya paramAtmA kI upAsanA karatA hai; tathA upAsya paramAtmA ke avalambana se, usake guNoM ke ekAgratApUrvaka smaraNa se vaha svayaM sva-cittazuddhirUpI phala prApta karatA hai; usakI bhAvanA ke vikAsa se usakA svataH AtmavikAsa hotA jAtA hai / isa
Page #173
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ siddhadeva svarUpa : 107 prakAra paramAtmA kI upAsanA kA yaha phala upAsaka svayaM apane AdhyAtmika prayatna se hI prApta karatA hai| yaha nirvivAda hai ki vezyA kA saMga karane se manuSya kI durgati hotI hai| yahA~ yaha vicAraNIya hai ki durgati meM le jAne vAlA kauna hai ? vezyA ko durgati kA bhAna bhI nahIM aura na vaha yA aura koI kisI ko durgati meM le jAne meM samartha hai| isIlie yaha niHsaMkoca kahA jA sakatA hai ki manuSya ke mana kI azubha vattiyA~ ho durgati meM le jAne vAlI haiN| isake viparIta manuSya ke mana kI zubha vRttiyA~ use sugati meM le jAne vAlI haiN| ataH vItarAga prabhu ke smaraNa, cintana, upAsana, ArAdhana (paramAtmA ke mAnasika satsaMga) se manaHsthita moharUpI kAluSya kA prakSAlana hotA hai, vattiyA~ zubha aura Age calakara zuddha ho jAtI haiN| ___isa prakAra devopAsanA Adi se cittazuddhi, mAnasika vikAsa aura Atmika prasannatA kA jo lAbha prApta hotA hai, vaha bhagavAn kA diyA huA kahA jA sakatA hai, kintu kevala upacAra se; jaisA ki caturviMzatistava (logassa) ke pATha meM kahA gayA hai-'siddhA siddhi mama disaMtu'-(siddhaparamAtmA) mujhe siddhi pradAna kreN| yaha prArthanA kevala bhaktipradhAna evaM aupacArika hai / vastutaH siddha bhagavAn kisI ko siddhi dete-lete nahIM, kintu zubhabhAvanAzIla AtmA dvArA bhagavatsmaraNa Adi se cittazuddhi, rAga-dveSa kaSAya vattiyoM para vijaya Adi se antatogatvA siddhi-mukti prApta ho jAtI hai| Izvara kartRtva yA Atma kartRtva ? yadi paramAtmA ke hAtha meM sIdhI taura se kisI vyakti ko jJAnAdi kA prakAza dene kA sAmarthya hotA to vaha kisI ke bhI antaHkaraNa meM andhakAra na rahane detaa| adhama aura durAcArI vyaktiyoM ko bhI sadbuddhisampanna aura sadAcArI banA detA, pratyeka prANI ko usakI nIcI bhUmikA se uThAkara Upara kI bhUmikA para car3hA detA, samagra vizva ke jIvoM ko pUrNataH prakAzamaya aura Anandamaya banA detaa| parantu vaidika Adi dharmoM kA yaha mata hai ki "Izvara jagat kA kartA, dhartA aura hartA hai| usI ke hAtha meM samasta prANiyoM kA jIvana-maraNa hai|" parantu jainadarzana isa bAta se spaSTa inkAra karatA hai| vaha taka prastuta karatA
Page #174
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 108 : jaina tattvakalikA hai ki pUrNa zuddha, niraMjana-nirAkAra, sarvakarmarahita, parama kRtArtha vItarAga Izvara bhalA jagat kA kartA-dhartA-hartA banane ke lie punaH karmabala se ghUmate hue saMsAra cakra meM kyoM lauTakara Ae~ge? jisa saMsAra cakra ko ve tor3a cuke haiM, janma-maraNa se rahita ho cuke haiM, aise kRtArtha siddha paramAtmA meM rAga-dveSayukta saMsAra-katta tva kaise sambhava ho sakatA hai ? phira bhI agara Izvara ko jagatkartA mAnA jAegA to usa para pakSapAta, asAmarthya, rAga-dvoSa, anyAya Adi kaI doSa rUpa AkSepa aaeNge| ataH jaina darzana kA spaSTa AghoSa hai ki pUrNa zuddha niraMjana-nirAkAra vItarAgasvarUpa mukta paramAtmA na to kisI para prasanna hote haiM aura na aprasanna / ve apane AtmasvarUpa meM nimagna haiN| pratyeka prANI ke sukha-duHkha apane-apane karma saMskAra para avalambita haiN| yaha cetana-acetana rUpa sArA jagata prakRti ke niyama se saMcAlita hai| yaha jagat pravAharUpa se anAdiananta hai / usake katta tva kA bhAra vahana karane ke lie kisI paramAtma sattA ko mAnane aura use janma dene kI AvazyakatA nhiiN| isa prakAra jaina darzana meM paramAtmA kA asvIkAra nahIM hai, kintu usakI vizvasRjanasattA kA asvIkAra hai / jainadarzana eka hI saSTikartA Izvara ko nahIM mAnatA, vaha saMsAra kI sabhI AtmAoM meM Izvaratva mAnatA hai| isa dRSTi se vaha pratyeka AtmA ke katta tvavAda kI yojanA karatA hai| jaisA ki AcArya haribhadrasUri ne kahA hai pAramaMzvaryayuktatvAt, Atmava mata iishvrH| sa ca karteti nirdoSa, kartRvAdo vyavasthitaH // ' AtmA parama aizvarya-yukta hai, ataH vahI Izvara hai| vaha kartA (zubhAzubha karmoM kA kartA) hai / isa dRSTi se janadarzana meM katta vavAda vyavasthita hai| eka zaMkA : samAdhAna eka zaMkA yaha upasthita hotI hai ki 'jainadarzana jaba saMsAra kI samasta AtmAoM ko Izvara mAnatA hai, taba to sabhI AtmAe~ svayaM ananta-jJAna darzanAdi se prakAzamAna haiM, phira una AtmAoM ko khAsakara manuSyoM ko arihantadeva yA siddha paramAtmA ko smaraNa karane, unakA dhyAna karane, unako 1 zAstravArtA samuccaya, stabaka 3, zloka 14
Page #175
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ siddhadeva svarUpa : 106 namaskAra karane, unakI bhakti, upAsanA-ArAdhanA karane kI kyA AvazyakatA hai ? isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki nizcayanaya athavA AtmA ke zuddha svarUpa kI dRSTi se yaha bAta yathArtha hai ki sabhI AtmAe~ apane zuddharUpa meM jJAnAdi se prakAzamAna haiM, kintu unake AtmapradezoM para vibhinna karmoM (karma saMskAroM) kA nyUnAdhika rUpa meM AvaraNa par3A huA hai, isa kAraNa unake jJAna darzana Adi AcchAdita ho rahe haiM / una vibhinna karmavargaNAoM ko dUra karane ke lie una karmarahita zuddha AtmAoM (paramAtmadevoM) ko Adarza mAnakara unakA dhyAna, smaraNa, guNagAna, bhakti-stuti, upAsanA-ArAdhanA Adi vividha anuSThAna kiye jAte haiM / yahI kAraNa hai ki jainadarzana ne saMsAra kI samasta AtmAoM ko tIna kakSAoM meM vargIkata kiyA hai (1) bahirAtmA, (2) antarAtmA aura (3) paramAtmA / bahirAtmA ke samakSa deha hI saba kucha hotA hai / usa deha meM virAjamAna caitanyamaya AtmA kA astitva use jJAta nahIM hotA / antarAtmA kI kakSA meM yaha satya upalabdha ho jAtA hai ki jaise dUdha meM makkhana vyApta hotA hai, vaise hI zarIra meM caitanyamaya sattA - AtmA vyApta hai / tIsarI kakSA paramAtmA kI hai / isameM caitanyamaya AtmA para deha aura deha sambandhoM (parabhAvoM - vibhAvoM) ke kAraNa AI huI karmaraja dUra ho jAtI hai / AtmA rAga-dveSa moha kaSAya Adi se rahita hokara paramAtmA ke rUpa meM prakaTa ho jAtA hai / ataH paramAtmA ke sivAya zeSa donoM kakSAoM kI AtmAe~ paramAtmA ko apanA dhyeya yA Adarza mAnakara unakA namana-vandana, bhakti-upAsanA guNasmaraNa Adi karake apane meM vItarAgatA, samatA Adi guNoM ko pratiSThita kara sakatI haiM, usa paramadeva kI ArAdhanA - upAsanA karake apane meM dharma kA teja prakaTa kara sakatI hai / uttarottara Atma-vikAsa karate hue dharmapAlana kI caramasImA taka pahu~ca sakatI haiM / vItarAgadeva kA jJAnAdi prakAza grahaNa karane kI kyA AvazyakatA ? uparyukta tathyoM ke anuzIlana se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki aupacArika bhakti ke gAne-bajAne se, alaMkAra Adi car3hAne se athavA miThAI kI thAliyA~ bharakara bhoga car3hAne se tathA isake viparIta gAyana-vAdana yA miSTAnna arpaNa na karane se vItarAgadeva na to prasanna hote haiM aura na aprasanna / yaha
Page #176
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 110 : jaina tattvakalikA to manuSya ke apane sAmarthya para nirbhara hai ki vaha apane mana-vacana-kAya ko vItarAga deva rUpI dhyeya yA Adarza ke sanmukha kare, tadanusAra apane jIvana ko ddhaale| manuSya apane hI puruSArtha se apane meM paramAtmatva jagA sakatA hai| dUsarI koI IzvarIya zakti yA paramAtmA use hAtha pakar3akara pratyakSa rUpa se paramAtmA nahIM banA sktii| jaise--sUrya svayaM prakAzita hotA hai, kintu usakA prakAza lenA yA na lenA manaSya kI apanI icchA para nirbhara hai, usakA prakAza lene vAle ko lAbha hai, na lene vAle kI svAsthya hAni hai, usI prakAra vItarAga devarUpI sUrya anantajJAnAdi se prakAzamAna haiM, unake sadupadeza bhI prakAzita haiN| yaha vyakti kI icchA para nirbhara hai ki vaha vItarAga prabhu kA jJAnAdi prakAza grahaNa kare yA na kre| agara vyakti vItarAga devoM se samatAdi guNoM kI preraNA letA hai, unake sadupadezoM kA prakAza letA hai to usase paramAtmapada-prApti taka kA lAbha hai, kintu na lene vAle kI bahuta bar3I Atmika hAni hai| dhyeya ke anusAra dhyAtA hai aba prazna yaha hai ki vItarAga deva ko Adarza yA dhyeya mAnakara unheM vandana-namana karane, unake guNa smaraNa karane yA unakI upAsanA karane se koI vyakti kaise Adarzapada-paramAtma-pada taka pahu~ca sakatA hai ? . ____ isakA samAdhAna yaha hai, bhale hI vItarAga prabhu hamAre lie kucha karate-karAte nahIM, na hI mokSa-svargAdi kucha dete haiM, phira bhI ve sarvottama gaNIjana haiM, unheM vandana-namana karane, unakI upAsanA-bhakti karane yA unake guNasmaraNa karane se vyakti avazya hI una ArAdhyadevoM ke guNoM kI ora AkRSTa hotA hai; svayaM vaisA banane kI icchA karatA hai| phalataH dhIre-dhIre apane upAsya ke AdarzoM ko jIvana meM utArane lagatA hai| manuSya kA hRdaya yadi kalyANakAmI ho, paramAtmadeva ke abhimukha ho, unakI bhakti aura zaraNa meM lIna ho, unake hI gaNasmaraNa se sattvasaMzuddha aura vItarAgatva-sammukha banatA jAtA ho to eka dina usakI apUrNatA pUrNatA meM pariNata ho sakatI hai| apane hI prabala puruSArtha-mokSamArga para calane ke prayatna se vaha usa pUrNatva ko prApta kara sakatA hai / jaba paramazubhra, paramojjvala paramAtmatattva ke prati ekAgra dhyAna kA bala paripakva ho jAegA, taba vaha dhyAtA ke hRdayakapAToM ko khola degaa| usake hRdaya para aisI pratikriyA hogI ki usakI rAga-dvaSa-moha kI granthiyA~ TUTatI jAeMgI, dhyeyatattva kI zuddhatA kA prakAza usa (dhyAtA) para par3ane
Page #177
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ siddhadeva svarUpa : 111 lgegaa| niSkarSa yaha hai ki dhyeyAnusAra dhyAtA bhI usI rUpa meM parivartita ho jaaegaa|' paramAtmadeva ko namana, gaNagAna, gaNasmaraNa yA nAmasmaraNa Adi bhAvavizuddhi, Atmazuddhi, pavitrabhAvanA evaM Adarza meM sthiratA karane ke lie kiye jAte haiN| Adarza yA ArAdhyadeva kI ArAdhanA, upAsanA yA tadanusAra bhAvanA jAgRta rakhI jAe, niSkriya na baiThakara nirantara dhyeya prApti ke lie Adarza se preraNA prApta kI jAe, to paramapada prApta hote yA jIvana kA kalyANa hote dera nahIM lgtii| yaha nirvivAda hai ki dhyAna kA viSaya jaisA hogA, mana para unakA asara bhI vaisA hI pdd'egaa| jaisA dhyeya hotA hai, vaise hI guNa prAyaH usa dhyAtA meM prakaTa hone lagate haiN| jaise-kisI viSaya-bhogI kA dhyeya eka yuvatI hotI hai, to phira vaha viSayI AtmA usa dhyeya ke prabhAva se usa yuvatI se viSaya vAsanA sevana karane ke utkaTa bhAvoM meM lIna rahane lagatA hai| itanA hI nahIM, kintu vaha apanI vAsanApUrti ke lie aneka prakAra kI yogya-ayogya kriyAoM meM pravRtta hone lagatA hai| isI prakAra jisa AtmA kA dhyeya vItarAgadeva hote haiM; usa AtmA ke Atmapradeza rAga-dvaSa ke bhAvoM se haTakara samatAbhAva meM Ane lagate haiN| phira vaha AtmA vItarAga pada prApta karane kI ceSTAe~ karane laga jAtA hai| . jisa prakAra viSayI AtmA viSayapUrti karane kI ceSTA meM lagA rahatA hai, usI prakAra vItarAgaprabhu ko dhyeya banAne vAlA dhyAtA bhI vItarAgapada kI prApti ke lie tapa aura saMyama tathA samyagjJAna-darzana-cAritra, uttama dhyAna aura samAdhi meM cittavRtti lagAne kI ceSTA karatA rahatA hai| usake AtmapradezoM se phira karmavargaNAe~ svataH hI pRthak hone lagatI haiN| ___ jisa prakAra miTTI kI banI huI purAnI dIvAra kI marammata na karane para usake miTTI ke dala apane Apa girane lagate haiM, isI prakAra AtmapradezoM meM dhyeyAnusAra vItarAgatA (samatA) kA bhAva dhAraNa karane se rAga-dvaSAdijanita purAtana karmavargaNAe~ bhI svataH dUra hone lagatI haiN| jisa prakAra puSpa yA jala kA dhyAna karane se AtmA meM eka prakAra kI zItalatA-sI utpanna ho jAtI hai, usI prakAra zrI jinendradeva kA dhyAna 1 'yad dhyAyati, tad bhavati' -eka lokokti
Page #178
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 112 : jaina tattvakalikA karane se AtmapradezoM se krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha ke paramANu haTakara sirpha samatvabhAva hI prasphuTita ho jAte haiM / eka kahAvata loka meM prasiddha hai ki laTa ke sAmane bAra-bAra guJjAra karatI huI bhramarI ke dhyAna se bhramarI ke dvArA kATa lene para vaha laTa bhI bhramarI bana gaI / " isI prakAra vItarAga ke satata dhyAna se vyakti vItarAga bana jAe isameM koI Azcarya nahIM / mahArANA pratApa ke nAma kI carcA calatI hai, taba kAyara hRdaya meM bhI vIratA kA saMcAra ho jAtA hai / kyA mahArANA pratApa una kAyaroM meM vIratA kI bijalI bharate haiM ? nahIM, vyakti kI manobhAvanA evaM vizvAsa hI isameM kAraNa hai| devasvarUpa cintana se svarUpabhAna bhaktipUrvaka arihanta deva aura siddha paramAtmA ke svarUpa para cintana kiyA jAtA hai, taba sAdhaka - AtmA ko apane vismata yA bhrAnta svarUpa kA bhAna ho jAtA hai / eka gar3ariye dvArA pAlA huA zera kA baccA apane ko bher3a kA baccA samajhane lagA, kintu eka dina vana meM zera ko dekhA to usakA bher3apana bhAga gayA, use apane vAstavika svarUpa kA bhAna ho AyA / isI prakAra anAdikAlIna moha-mAyA ke gAr3ha andhakAra ke kAraNa AtmA apane svarUpa kA mAna bhUlA huA hai, parantu jyoM hI AtmasvarUpa tejomaya sUrya arihanta deva yA siddha prabhu kA cintana hotA hai to vyakti ko apane svarUpa kA bhAna ho jAtA hai / nAmasmaraNa se AdhyAtmika vikAsa devAdhideva arihanta bhagavAn ke ananta guNa hone se ananta nAma ho sakate haiM ! vyakti ArAdhyadeva kA jisa nAma se bAra-bAra smaraNa karatA hai, unake vaise hI guNa usameM Ate jAte haiM aura anta meM vaha unake jaisA hI bana jAtA hai| gItA meM kahA hai - 'yo yacchraddhaH sa eva saH jo jisa para zraddhA rakhatA hai, vaha vaisA hI ho jAtA hai|' ataH bhagavAn ke zubha nAma 1 'IlikA bhramarI jAtA dhyAyantI bhramarI yathA / ' 2 ajakulagata keharI lahere, nijapada siMha nihAla / tima prabhu bhakte bhavI lahere, Atama zakti saMbhAla // 3 bhagavadgItA, adhyAya 18 - ajita jina stavana - upA0 devacandra jI -----
Page #179
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ siddhadeva svarUpa : 113 bho rAgAdi vighnadoSa-nivAraka aura AtmakalyANakAraka bana jAte haiM / jaise-koI vyakti 'jina-dhyAna' karatA-karatA varNa viparyaya karake 'nija dhyAna' karane lagatA hai| isI prakAra tIrthaMkara deva kA nAmasmaraNa bhI AdhyAtmika vikAsakAraka ho sakatA hai| devatva ko jagAne ke lie yogazAstra meM batAyA gayA hai ki jisa-jisa bhAva se jisa-jisa sthAna meM AtmA ko yojita kiyA jAtA hai, usa-usa nimitta ko prApta kara usausa sthAna meM vaha tanmayatA prApta karatA hai| jaise-sphaTikamaNi ke AsapAsa lAla, pIlI, harI Adi vastue~ rakhane se vaha sphaTika maNi usa raMga kI dikhAI detI hai, usI prakAra AtmA ko bhI jaise-jaise bhAvoM dvArA prerita kiyA jAe, usa rUpa meM vaha DhalatI jAtI hai| zarIra meM rahA huA AtmA tAttvika daSTi se to paramAtmA hai, deva hai, parantu karmoM se Avata hone se azuddhabhAva meM vidyamAna hai, jisake kAraNa bhavacakra meM bhramaNa karatA hai| agara vaha bhAvoM se apanI AtmA ko zuddhabhAva meM AtmasvabhAva meM prerita kare to vaha apane svAbhAvika svarUpa ko prakaTa kara sakatA hai, apane meM soye hue devatva-- paramAtmatva ko jagA sakatA hai| arihanta evaM siddhadeva hameM apane devatva ko prApta karAne ke lie preraka haiM-prakAza stambha haiM, Adarza haiN| parama upakArI vItarAgadeva ke prati kRtajJatA vItarAgadeva hamameM devatva jagAne meM prabala nimitta hai| isalie jisa dhyeya yA Adarza ke nimitta se cittazuddhi, Atmazaddhi tathA AtmavikAsa hotA hai, anta meM vItarAgatva evaM paramAtmatva prakaTa hotA hai, usa mahAn upakArI paramAtmadevoM ke upakAroM ke prati kRtajJa hokara unakA guNagAna, kIrtana, stuti, ArAdhanA-upAsanA, bhakti Adi karanA vyavahAranaya ko dRSTi se Avazyaka hai| jisa prakAra vidyArthI meM svayaM meM (buddhi meM) jJAna to bharA huA hai, kintu usa jJAna ko prakaTa karane meM adhyApaka prabala nimitta hai| vidyArthI adhyApaka ke sahAre se pustaka par3hane lagatA hai aura eka dina vaha vidvAn banakara svayaM adhyApaka bana jAtA hai| adhyApaka evaM vidvAn bana jAne para 1 yena yena hi bhAvena yujyate yaMtravAhakaH / tena tanmayatAM yAti, vizvarUpo maNiryathA / -yogazAstra pra06, zloka 14
Page #180
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 114 : jaina tattvakalikA bhI vaha apane meM nihita jJAna ko prakaTa karane vAle prabala nimitta ukta adhyApaka kA hRdaya se upakAra mAnatA hai, unakI prazaMsA, bhakti-bahamAna, namana Adi karatA hai, usI prakAra vItarAga devarUpa dhyeya ke nimitta ro eka dina svayaM vItarAga bana jAne vAlA yA vItarAga prarUpita mArga se sugati paramAtmapada yA siddhagati prApta kara lene vAlA mumukSu bhI unake prati kRtajJa hokara unakA kIrtana, namana, vandana, bhakti-bahumAna Adi kare, isameM koI ayukta nahIM hai| paramAtmavAda kA sadupayoga aura durupayoga pUrvokta tathyoM se yaha pratiphalita ho jAtA hai ki paramAtmavAda arthAt IzvaravAda (paramAtmA ke astitva kI mAnyatA) manuSya ke antaHkaraNa ko nirmala banAne meM, caritra gaThana meM tathA AtmavikAsa kI preraNA prApta karake sanmArga kI ora pragati karane meM, jIvana kI glAni dUra karane, AtmA ko dhairya baMdhAne, AzvAsana dene tathA saMtoSa aura zAnti pradAna karane meM atyanta upayogI siddha haA hai| zuddha paramAtmopAsaka vyakti prabhu ke prati apanI nirmala bhakti ko vikasita karake apanI niSThA aura zraddhA ko puSTa karake saMkaTa, Apatti, kaSTa aura pIr3A ke samaya unake nivAraNa kA upAya karatA huA bhI jaba saphalatA prApta nahIM kara pAtA, taba nirAza aura hatAza hone ke badale apanI AtmA ko dhairya aura AzvAsana detA hai ki- "hogA vahI, jo sarvajJa vItarAga deva ne apane jJAna meM dekhA hai, phira ghabarAtA kyoM hai ? unhoMne jo karma siddhAnta batAyA hai, usake anusAra bhI jaise--mere karma bAMdhe hue hoMge, tadanusAra hI phala milegA; aadi-aadi|" vaha vikaTa se vikaTa paristhiti meM bhI sarvajJa prabhu ke jJAna se karma kA khela samajhakara mana ko samatva meM sthira rakha skegaa| vaha duHkha ke samaya taDaphegA nahIM aura sukha meM abhimAna se phUlegA nhiiN| ___kucha loga yaha zaMkA prakaTa karate haiM ki jaba anantajJAnI sarvajJa vItarAga deva trikAla triloka ke bhAvoM ko hastAmalakavat jAnate-dekhate haiM, taba jIva ke dvArA puruSArtha karane kI svataMtratA aura puruSArtha bhI vyartha siddha hogA kyoMki anantajJAnI puruSoM ne jJAna meM jo kucha jAnA-dekhA hai, vahI hogA; usake atirikta to kucha hogA nahIM; phira puruSArtha karane kI kyA AvazyakatA hai ? jIva svataMtratApUrvaka kucha kara bhI sakegA kyA ? yaha paramAtmavAda kA durupayoga hai jise jIva ajJAnatAvaza karatA hai /
Page #181
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ siddhadeva svarUpa : 115 paramAtmA kI sarvajJatA se lAbha uparyukta zaMkA kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki mAnA ki vItarAga sarvajJa prabhu apane jJAna meM trikAla-triloka ke bhAvoM ko yathAvat jAnate haiM, parantu unakA jJAna jIva kI kriyAoM para pratibandhaka nahIM hotaa| jaise-sUrya pRthvI para prakAzita hotA hai, kintu usakA prakAza kisI jIva kI kriyA ko roka nahIM sakatA, sabhI jIva apanI icchAnusAra pravRtti kara sakate haiM, usI prakAra sarvajJa paramAtmA sarva jIvoM ke bhAvoM ko jAnate-dekhate haiM, parantu ve yA unakA jJAna kisI jova kI kriyA ko roka nahIM sakatA, sabhI jIva apanI icchAnusAra pravRtti karate haiN| dUsarI bAta-sarvajJa paramAtmA ne jo kucha apane jJAna meM dekhA hai, vahI hogA, anyathA nahIM; yaha bAta to ThIka hai, kintu unhoMne apane jJAna meM hamAre viSaya meM kyA-kyA jAnA-dekhA hai, yaha to koI bhI chadmastha (alpajJa) nahIM jAnatA, ataH pratyeka sarvajJa paramAtma deva ke bhakta kA kattavya hai ki vaha uparyukta siddhAnta para dRr3ha vizvAsa rakhakara bhagavatpratipAdita mokSamArga meM satpuruSArtha dvArA karmakSaya kare, athavA zubhakAryoM meM pravatti kre| paramAtmavAda aura paramAtmA sarvajJa dvArA pratipAdita kamavAda jaise mahAn siddhAntoM kA niSkriyatA ke sAtha koI sambandha nahIM hai| ye niSkriyatA kA pATha nahIM par3hAte, apitu karttavyaparAyaNatA kI preraNA dete haiN| paramAtmavAda ke siddhAnta meM bIta gaga yA mokSamArgI banane ke lie paramAtmA kA avalambana lene kI dhvani hai, athavA ratnatrayarUpa dhamasAdhanA dvArA paramAtmapada-prApti yA vItarAgatA-prApti ko abhivyaJjanA hai| karmavAda ke siddhAnta meM satkAryoM yA zuddha dharmAcaraNa dvArA subhAga evaM mahAbhAga banane kI dhvani hai| sarvajJa paramAtmA kA vacana hai-'kRtakarmoM kA phala bhoge binA koI chuTakArA nahIM hai|' isake anusAra jaba azubhakarma udaya meM A jAe~ taba donoM nayoM kA avalambana lenA caahie| nizcayanaya kA avalambana lekara citta meM zAnti, samatA aura samAdhi utpanna karanI cAhie aura vyavahAranaya kA avalambana lekara yA to zubha kAryoM kI ora pravatta honA cAhie, athavA karmakSaya karane kI ceSTA karanI cAhie ! athavA sarvajJaparamAtmA kA jJAna sarvatra vyApta ho rahA hai; arthAt-ve apane jJAna dvArA trikAla -triloka ke bhAvoM ko yathAvat dekha rahe haiM, unase hamArI koI bhI kriyA yA pravatti chipI nahIM raha sakatI, na hI unase koI
Page #182
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 116 : jaina tattvakalikA bAta hama pracchanna (gupta) rakha sakate haiN| ataH isa bAta para pUrNa vizvAsa rakha kara hameM anucita nikRSTa hiMsAdi pravRttiyoM yA kAryoM se bacanA cAhie / loka vyavahAra meM yaha dekhA jAtA hai ki loga apane se bar3e, bujurga athavA mAtA-pitA, zAsaka Adi ke samakSa yA unake jAnate-dekhate koI bhI anucita pravRtti nahIM krte| unake antaHkaraNa meM sadaiva unase bhaya-sA banA rahatA hai ki kahIM ye hamArI anucita yA nikRSTa pravRtti yA kriyA ko dekha na leN| kintu arihanta deva yA siddha paramAtmA apane kevalajJAna dvArA trikAla-triloka ke bhAvoM ko pUrNataH jAnate-dekhate haiM to kisI bhI samaya athavA kisI bhI sthAna para prakaTa yA gupta rUpa se bhI hameM koI bhI anucita yA nikRSTa pravatti yA kriyA nahIM karanI cAhie / vastutaH sarvajJa tIrthaMkara deva yA siddha paramAtmA ko mAnane aura una para zraddhA-bhakti rakhane kA yahI mukhya prayojana hai| bhalA jaba carmacakSuvAloM se itanI bhIti aura lajjA rakhI jAtI hai ki unake jAnate-dekhate koI bhI aniSTa yA anucita kArya nahIM kiyA jAtA to phira divya jJAnacakSa vAle devAdhideva sarvajJoM se to vizeSa bhoti aura lajjA rakhakara koI bhI aniSTa yA anucita pravRtti nahIM karanI cAhiye / jo loga sarvajJa vItarAga deva ke prati zraddhA-bhakti rakhate hue bhI jAnabUjhakara anucita pravRtti yA pApa karma karate haiM, ve nAma-mAtra ke bhakta yA upAsaka haiM yA sarvajJAtmA tIrthaMkaradeva ke nakalI bhakta banakara sva-para-vaJcanA karate haiN| jo loga arihantadeva yA siddha paramAtmA ke bhakta-anugAmI, upAsaka yA zraddhAlu banakara tathA unheM sarvajJa mAnakara bhI dhaSTatApUrvaka pApAcaraNa karate haiM, bekhaTake anucita-nikRSTa pravRtti karate haiM, ve apane hAthoM se apane pairoM para kulhAr3I mArate haiN| ve paramAtmavAda kA durupayoga karate haiN| jisa paramAtmavAda se ve Atmika vikAsa kI sIr3hiyoM para car3ha sakate the, usI ke durupayoga se Atmika patana ke garta meM svayaM ko dhakelate haiN| paramAtmA kI upAsanA kA mAnava jIvana para prabhAva kaI loga kahate haiM, ki vItarAga sarvajJa paramAtmA apane jJAna meM bhale hI hamAre acche-bure karmoM ke dekhate raheM, hamAre karma (bhAgya) meM parivartana yA hamAre karmakSaya ve nahIM kara sakate, hamAre acche yA bure kAryoM se unheM harSa-zoka nahIM hotA, ve hamAre zubhAzubha AcaraNa se hameM AzIrvAda yA zApa nahIM dete, phira unako mAnane, unakA avalambana lene yA unakI zraddhA-bhakti sati yA upAsanA karane se kyA lAbha hai ?
Page #183
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ siddhadeva svarUpa : 117 vAstava meM paramAtmavAda ke viSaya meM yaha prazna bahuta hI mahatvapUrNa hai| nizcayanaya kI dRSTi se to aisA hI hai, parantu vyavahAranaya kI dRSTi se dekheM to vItarAga paramAtmA ko na mAnane yA avalambana na lene se hamArI apanI hI bahuta bar3I AdhyAtmika hAni hai| vItarAga deva ko mAnane aura unakA avalambana lene se vyakti meM dharma-bhAvanA vikasita hotI hai, dharma-sAdhanA hotI hai, unakI upAsanA se Atmavizuddhi tathA Atmika sadguNoM kA vikAsa hotA hai| ina sabake anupAta meM hamAre karma (bhAgya) para bhI prabhAva par3atA hai| hamAre jo azubhakarma (durbhAgya) haiM, unheM zubhakarma (sadbhAgya) meM pariNata karane kA athavA azubhakarmoM ko zubhabhAvoM dvArA kSaya karane kA. yahI sarvottama rAjamArga hai| jo vyakti vItarAga sarvajJadeva kI dharmAnuprANita AjJAoM ko na mAnakara niraMkuza hokara dharmaviruddha yA vItarAga kI AjJAviruddha pravatti karatA hai, yadyapi usa para vItarAgaprabhu zApa nahIM barasAte, na hI use rokate haiM, kintu bhagavadAjJAviruddha pravatti se usakI bahuta bar3I hAni hai--anantakAla taka saMsAra pribhrmnn| isIlie AcArya hemacandra ne anubhava kI bhASA meM kahA __"vItarAga prabho ! ApakI sevA-bhakti kyA hai ? ApakI AjJAoM kA paripAlana hI ApakI bhakti-sevA hai| kyoMki ApakI AjJAoM kI ArAdhanA mokSadAyinI hai, aura virAdhanA hai-bhvbhrmnnkaarinnii|"1 AcArya haribhadrasUri ne zAstravArtA samuccaya meM aupacArika rUpa se Izvara katta tvavAda kI saMyojanA karate hue dUsarI taraha se isa prazna kA samAdhAna kiyA hai ___ "rAga-dveSa moharahita pUrNa vItarAga, pUrNajJAnI paramAtmA hI Izvara hai aura usake dvArA pratipAdita mokSamArga (samyagjJAna-darzanacAritra) kI ArAdhanAsevanA karane se mukti prApta hotI hai / isa dRSTi se upacAra se mukti kA dAtA vItarAga paramAtmA ho sakatA hai tathA ukta paramAtmA dvArA nirdiSTa mokSamArga ko ArAdhanA na karane se jo bhavabhramaNa karanA par3atA hai, vaha ukta 1 'vItarAga ! tava saparyAstavAjJA-paripAlanam / AjJArAddhA virAddhA ca, zivAya ca bhavAya ca // ' -vItarAgastava 16-4
Page #184
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 118 : jaina tattvakalikA Izvara ke upadeza ko na mAnane kA ( AjJAvirAdhanA kA ) pariNAma hai / "" aba rahA yaha prazna ki arihantadeva tathA siddha paramAtmA kI stuti kyoM kI jAe ? isa viSaya meM hama pichale pRSThoM meM paryApta prakAza DAla cuke haiM / saMkSapa meM isa prazna kA yahI samAdhAna hai ki jagat ke prati aise nirapekSa niHspRha paramopakArI anantaguNasampanna vItarAgadevoM ke prati kRtajJatAprakAzana karanA parama dharma hai / yadyapi usase vItarAgaprabhu ko koI lAbha yA hAni nahIM hai, usase lAbha hai to stutikartA ko hI hai; 'guNiSu pramodam' kI bhAvanA se una devAdhidevoM ke pavitra guNoM meM anurAga utpanna hotA hai / guNAnuvAda se usa vyakti kI AtmA bhI unhIM guNoM ko grahaNa karane yogya bana jAtI hai / yadyapi nijaguNanimagna, sadA sukharUpa vItarAga sarvajJadeva kisI para prasanna yA aprasanna nahIM hote, tathApi unakI stuti evaM guNAnuvAda se vyakti meM avaguNa dUra hokara AtmaguNoM kA prakAza hotA hai; citta meM prasannatA hotI hai, tatkAla duvicAroM ke haTa jAne se citta zuddhi bhI hotI hai / jisa prakAra mantra ke pada sarpa Adi kA viSa utArane meM samartha hote haiM; cintAmaNiratna, ratna ke svAmI kI manovAJchA pUrNa karane meM sahAyaka hotA hai, usI prakAra vItarAga paramAtmA kI stuti bhI tatkAla AtmA meM samatA evaM zAnti kA saMcAra karatI hai / jisase vyakti vItarAga paramAtmA ko apanA dhyeya banA letA hai aura phira vaha siddhapada prApti ke yogya bhI ho jAtA hai / vItarAga bhakti kA saphala rahasya vItarAgadeva kI bhakti meM kyoM aura kyA kA prazna hI nahIM rahatA, bazarte ki vaha vyakti, bhaktipAtra ( vItarAgaprabhu) ke svarUpa ko pUrNatayA jAnale hRdayaMgama karale; kyoMki jise hameM apanI bhakti arpita karanI hai, use pahacAne binA usake prati bhaktibhAva utpanna hI ho kaise sakatA hai ? bhaktipAtra kI viziSTatA kA jJAna hone ke bAda usake prati jo sAttvika zubha AkarSaNa 1 IzvaraH paramAtmaiva, taduktavratasevanAt / yato bhuktistatastasyAH karttA syAd guNabhAvataH / / tadanAsevanAdeva yat saMsAro'pi tattvataH / tena tasyA'pi kartRtvaM kalpyamAnaM na duSyati / / - zAstravArtAsamuccaya, stavaka 3
Page #185
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ siddhadeva svarUpa : 116 bhakta ke hRdaya meM paidA hotA hai; usake prabhAva se vaha bhaktipAtra ke guNoM ke prati premavibhora hokara usameM tanmaya ho jAtA hai, sadaiva satata usake guNoM kA cintana karatA huaa| una guNoM ko AtmA meM dhAraNa karane kA prayatna karatA rahatA hai / yahI jJAnapUrvaka bhaktibhAva hai| ___ jisameM aisA unnata bhaktibhAva hotA hai, vaha apane bhaktipAtra (vItarAga deva) kI stuti, guNagAna, guNoM kA cintana Adi karatA hai, usakI AjJAnusAra apane AcaraNa meM saMzodhana karatA hai, apane bhaktipAtra kA anusaraNa karatA hai, usakI AjJA ke adhIna rahatA hai, apanA sampUrNa vyaktitva usako samarpita kara detA hai| isase Age bar3hakara apane ArAdhyadeva jaisA hI svayaM banane ke lie utkaNThita ho jAtA hai, usakI padapaMktiyoM kA anusaraNa karate hue usake jaisA banane kA prayatna karatA hai| usake jaisA sadguNI, saccAritrI, paramajJAnI banane hetu vaha apanA jIvana usake caraNoM meM nyochAvara kara detA hai| isa prakAra kI jJAnasaMyukta bhakti ke bala para hI samarpaNa kI bhAvanA se pUrvasaMcita karma naSTa ho jAte haiN| vItarAgadeva ke prati bahumAna se AtmagaNa pragaTa hote haiM / antatogatvA usa AtmA ko bhaktirasa meM nimagna hone se vItarAga paramAtmA ke gaNoM ke prati tanmayatA prApta ho jAtI hai, jisase vaha bhaktirasa meM sarAbora hokara uttama samAdhi kI dazA prApta kara letA hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki vItarAgadeva kI bhakti ke Avega meM jaba bhakta mugdha ho jAtA hai, taba usa samarpita vyakti ke lie apane jIvana ko pavitra aura AcaraNa ko zuddha banAne kA mArga bhI sarala bana jAtA hai| isa taraha bhakti kA paryavasAna AcaraNa-cAritra kI zuddhi meM AtA hai| yahI vItarAga deva kI bhakti kI saphalatA kA rahasya hai| vItarAgadeva kA bhakta hokara jo AcaraNa malina rakhatA hai, vaha bhakti kA ka-kha-ga bhI nahIM jaantaa| nirmala paramAtmA ke sAtha malina AtmA kA mela hI nahIM baiTha sktaa| yadyapi 'siddhA siddhi mama disaMta' (siddha bhagavAn mujhe siddhi mukti pradAna kareM) 'Arugga bohilAbhaM samAhivaramuttamaM ditu' (mujhe Arogya, bodhilAbha aura zreSTha jJAnarUpI bhAvasamAdhi deM)' aisI prArthanA se vItarAgadena rAgadvaSarahita hone se' phalapradAtA nahIM hote, tathApi bhaktirasa meM nimagna, prabhucaraNoM meM samarpita, vItarAgatA ke AcaraNa ke lie tatpara bhaktajana kI 1 caturviMzatistava pATha
Page #186
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 120 : jaina tattvakalikA aisI prabala bhAvanA (prArthanA ) svataH saphala hotI hai / aisI bhAvasamAdhi, siddhi yA bodhi ko prArthanA bhakti ke vaza hokara karatA hai to anucita nahIM hai, yaha prArthanA prakArAntara se vItarAgatA aura mukti kI prApti kI hI hai / karmoM se rahita hone kI hai, isalie ucita hI hai / aisI pavitra prArthanA se mana meM vItarAgadeva rUpa dhyeya taka pahu~cane kA saMkalpabala prabala hotA hai tathA cittazuddhi, AstikatA, jIvana ko pavitra aura mokSamArga ke lie puruSArthI banAne kI tIvra abhilASA paidA hotI hai / aisI dRr3hadharmitA ke bala se vyakti apane kalyANa ke sAtha-sAtha aneka bhavyaAtmAoM kA kalyANa karane meM bhI nimitta banatA hai / vItarAgadeva kI bhAvapUjA kyoM aura kyoM ? vItarAgadeva - paramAtmA kA bhaktipUrvaka smaraNa, vandana, stavana, upAsanA aura prArthanA karanA hI vAstavika bhAvapUjA hai / vastutaH vItarAgadeva ke sAtha tAdAtmya sAdhane ke Antarika prayatna kA nAma hI bhAvapUjA hai / bhAvapUjA bhAvanA meM parivartana lAtI hai, sadguNoM aura satkAryoM kI bhAvanA ko jAgRta karake citta ko Anandita aura sadvRttiyoM se samRddha banAtI hai | bhAvapUjA kA oja jaise-jaise khilatA jAtA hai, vaise-vaise cittazuddhi aura AtmakalyANa kI bhAvanA adhikAdhika vikasita hotI jAtI hai / ataH yaha niHsaMkoca kahA jA sakatA hai ki bhAvapUjA Antarika doSoM ko dUra karane kI, vicAroM kI saMzuddhi karane kI, bhAvanA ke abhyAsa evaM saMvardhana kI tathA Atmazakti ko vikasita evaM jAgarita karane kI sarvazreSTha pagaDaMDI hai | bhAvapUjA parama zrayaH sAdhikA aura AtmavikAsakAriNI mAtA hai / bhAvapUjA kyA hai ? yaha jAnane ke lie AcArya haribhadrasUri ke aSTaka ke ye zloka par3hie 'ahiMsA satyamasteyaM gurubhaktistapo jJAnaM ebhirdevAdhidevAya brahmacarya malobhatA / satpuSpANi pracakSate // dIyate pAlanA yA tu sA vaM bahumAna - puraHsarA / zuddha tyudAhRtA / ' arthAt - 'ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya, nirlobhatA, gurubhakti, tapa 1 (ka) haribhadrIya aSTaka prakaraNa, tRtIya aSTaka (kha) dekhie bhagavadgItA meM bhAva pUjA svakarmaNA tamabhyarcya siddhi vindatimAnavaH' /
Page #187
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ siddhadeva svarUpa : 121 aura jJAna, ye ATha prazasta evaM pavitra satpuSpa kahalAte haiN| ina guNoM kA pAlana karake bahumAnapUrvaka ina puSpoM ko devAdhideva ko arpaNa karanA-car3hAnA hI vAstava meM zuddhapUjA kahI gaI hai|' isa prakAra kI zuddhapUjA ke lie hI bhAvapUjA hai| bhAvapajA prabhuguNabhakti vItarAga guNapraNidhAna ke nimitta se bar3hatI hai| aise bhAvapUjaka bhakta ke hRdaya meM sadaiva bhaktirasa bahatA rahatA hai| sthAna aura kAla kI maryAdAe~ bhAvapUjA meM nahIM hotii| bhaktajana rasollAsapUrvaka jaba cAhe taba aura jahA~ cAhe vahA~, bhagavAn kI aisI bhAvapUjA kara sakatA hai / samajhanA cAhie aisA vyakti nItimattA aura satyaniSThA ke sAtha vyavasAya evaM anya kArya karate samaya bhI una sadguNoM ke rUpa meM bhAvapUjA kara rahA hai| aisA bhAvapUjaka bhakta jaba taka vItarAgatA kI pUrNa ujjvala sthiti prApta na ho, taba taka aharniza aisI prArthanA karatA rahatA hai-'merA vItarAga ke sivAya koI anya deva nahIM hai / vahI merA antima dhyeya hai| bhava-bhava meM sadaiva satata vItarAgadeva meM unake sadguNoM meM merI bhakti banI rahe, tAki maiM kisI bhI samaya duguNoM meM yA parabhAva meM na phaMsa jaauuN| trikAla aura triloka meM yadi koI bhavacakra se yA duHkhacakra se bacAne vAlA hai to vaha ekamAtra vItarAgaprabhu kA (yA vItarAgatA) kA avalambana hI hai|' vaha vItarAgadeva ko vandana bhI isa rUpa meM karatA hai ki "karmarUpI parvatoM kA bhedana karane vAle, rAgadvaSavijetA, vizvatattvoM ke jJAtA, paramatattva ke prakAzaka evaM mokSamArga para le jAne vAle vItarAgadeva ko unake jaise guNoM kI upalabdhi ke lie vandana karatA huuN|'' . niSkarSa yaha ki bhAvapUjA apanI duSprakRti, duSpravRtti, burA svabhAva, burI AdatoM aura apalakSaNoM ko dUra karake vItarAgarUpa dhyeyAnusAra vItarAgatA ke AtmavikAsarUpa sadguNoM ko jIvana vyavahAra meM-AcaraNa meM prakaTa karane meM hai / aise uttama bhAvoM ko vikasita karake sadAcArapUrNa jIvana vyatIta karane kI ora prerita karanA hI bhAvapUjA kA mukhya uddezya hai| ___ bhAvapUjaka vItarAgadevatattva ko antima dhyeya se rUpa meM mAnakara vItarAga paramAtmA ke smaraNa meM satata nirata rahakara vItarAgatA ko prApta kara letA hai| . 1 'mokSamArgasya netAraM bhettAraM karmabhUbhRtAm / jJAtAraM vizvatattvAnAM, vande tadguNalabdhaye // -tattvArtha-sarvArthasiddhi, maMgala prakaraNa
Page #188
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 122 : jaina tattvakalikA devatva ko prApta karane vAlA hI saccAdeva tAttvika dRSTi se zarIra meM rahA huA AtmA hI apane mUlasvarUpa meM sattA rUpa se vidyamAna paramAtmadeva hai| parantu vartamAna meM vaha karmAvaraNoM se AvRta hone ke kAraNa azuddhabhAva meM vidyamAna hai| jisake kAraNa vaha bhavabhramaNa karatA hai| vaha apanI azuddhatA ko dUra kara apane svAbhAvika svarUpa meM prakAzita ho sakatA hai| arthAt-vItarAgatA ko siddha karake devatva ko prApta kara sakatA hai| eka prAcIna AcArya ne isI tathya ko 'nimnokta zloka dvArA abhivyakta kiyA hai 'deho devAlayaH proktaH jIvo devaH sanAtanaH / tyajedajJAnanirmAlyaM, so'haMbhAvena pUjayeta // ' deha hI devAlaya kahA gayA hai, jIva usa devAlaya meM sthita, sanAtana, deva hai / ataH ajJAnarUpI kalaMka-doSa kA tyAga karake 'so'haMbhAva' (maiM--AtmA vahI-paramAtmA hU~, isa bhAva) se AtmapUjA kare, vahI paramAtmapUjA hai|' manuSya pUrvokta bIsa sthAnakoM ko ArAdhanA meM satpuruSArtha dvArA apane meM isa prakAra kA vItarAgadevatva prakaTa kara sakatA hai, yahI tIrthaMkaradevoM kA kathana hai| yaha hai, pUrvokta devatattva kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa, jise hRdayaMgama karake vyakti apanA kalyANa kara sakatA hai|
Page #189
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ jaina tatva kalikA dvitIya kalikA guru svarUpa : guru kI mahimA guru ke lakSaNa pAMca mahAvrata evaM unakI bhAvanAeM paMcAcAra (jJAna, darzana Adi ) tapa varNana AcArya ke chattIsa guNa ( vividha dRSTiyoM se ) ATha sampadAeM upAdhyAya kA sarvAgINa svarUpa : upAdhyAyapada mahatva va kartavya paccIsa guNa Agama paricaya - upAdhyAya jI kI solaha upamAeM sAdhu kA sarvAgINa svarUpasAdhu - artha, lakSaNa, vividha nAma sattAIsa guNa dazavidha samAcArI bAraha bhAvanAeM bAraha bhikSu pratimAeM pA~ca cAritra : bAIsa pariSaha satraha prakAra saMyama : zramadharma | labdhiyAM ikatIsa upamAeM
Page #190
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Page #191
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ guru-svarUpa dvitIya- kalikA jainadharma ke tIna ArAdhya tattvoM meM devatattva ke bAda dUsarA ArAdhya gurutattva hai / hamArA Adarza pUrvokta devatva prakaTa karanA hai / isa devatva ( arhat pada) ko prApta karane kI sAdhanA meM jo suyogyarUpa se prayatnazIla hai, vaha tyAgI, saMyamI, aparigrahI santa guru hai / AcAryadeva kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa guru kI mahimA bhAratIya saMskRti meM guru kI bahuta mahimA hai / arihanta yA tIrthaMkara athavA deva ke bAda agara koI pUjanIya hotA hai to guru hI hotA hai / arihanta yA tIrthaMkara pratyeka kAla meM vidyamAna ( pratyakSa ) nahIM hote| unakI anupasthiti meM unakA pratinidhitva karane vAlA guru hI hotA hai / deva kI pahicAna karane vAlA guru hai / sAmAnya mAnava deva ko pahicAna nahIM sakatA / deva ke atyanta sannikaTa athavA hRdaya se atyanta sAnnidhya meM guru hai / AdhyAtmikatA ke jIte-jAgate pratIka gurudeva kI mahimA ke sambandha meM kahanA hI kyA ? bhAratIya dharma granthoM ke pRSTha para pRSTha guru guNagAna ke sambandha meM bhare par3e haiN| guru ke sambandha meM eka zloka prasiddha hai-- ajJAnatimirAndhasya jJAnAJjanazalAkayA / cakSurunmIlitaM yena tasmai zrIgurave namaH // arthAt - ajJAnarUpI andhakAra se andhe bane hue manuSya ke netra jJAnarUpI aJjana zalAkA se jo khola dete haiM, una zrIgurudeva ko namaskAra hai / andhakAra meM bhaTakate hue, ThokareM khAte hue manuSya ke lie dIpaka kA jitanA mahattva hai, utanA hI, balki usase bhI bar3hakara mahattva hai - ajJAnaandhakAra meM bhaTakate hue jijJAsu mAnava ke lie gurudeva kA / jijJAsu aura vinayazIla mAnava ko guru Adarza yA dhyeya kI pahacAna karAtA hai / vItarAgatA kyA hai ? aura isa sthiti para pahu~cane ke lie kyA vidheya yA AcaraNIya hai, ise vaha bhalIbhA~ti samajhAtA aura batAtA hai /
Page #192
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 124 : jaina tattvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA dhyeya taka pahu~cane ke lie dharma kI sahI rAha guru batAte haiM, dharma kA svarUpa samajhAte haiM, dharmAcaraNa kI preraNA dete haiM, tathA dharmAcaraNa ke daurAna jo vighna-bAdhAe~ yA kaThinAiyA~ AtI haiM, unheM dUra karane ke upAya bhI batAte haiN| kaSTa se ghabarAye hue aniSTasaMyoga aura iSTaviyoga se cintita aura zokamagna vyakti ko AzvAsana dete haiM, dhairyapUrvaka unheM sahana karane kI preraNA bhI dete haiM tathA nirAza aura nirutsAha vyakti kA utsAha bar3hAte haiM, usameM sAhasa kI bijalI bhara dete haiN| dharma aura adhyAtma ke viSaya meM tathA samAja, saMskRti aura nIti ke viSaya meM jijJAsu vyaktiyoM kI zaMkAoM kA yuktiyukta samAdhAna karake unheM dharmAnuprANita mArgadarzana bhI dete haiN| isa prakAra sva-para kalyANa kA, paropakAra kA gurutara kArya guru karate haiM / ve pratyeka viSaya meM preraNA, nirdeza, upadeza yA mArgadarzana jo bhI dete haiM, vaha saba ahiMsA-satyAdi zuddha dharma kA yA nItiyukta dharma kA puTa liye hae hotA hai| isalie guru ko dharma kA eka puSTa Alambana kahA gayA hai| ve svayaM kaSTa sahakara tathA bhUkhe pyAse rahakara bhI dharma, saMgha, samAja aura rASTra kI mahAn evaM bahumUlya sevA karate haiN| guru dharmadeva haiM __ zramaNa ziromaNi jagadguru vizvavandya bhagavAn mahAvIra ne unheM 'dharmadeva' kahA hai| bhagavatIsUtra meM isa sambandha meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ke sAtha gaNadhara indrabhUti gautama kA mahattvapUrNa saMvAda milatA hai| zrI gautamasvAmI zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra se pUchate haiM-'bhagavan ! ina (dharmopadezaka dharmaguruoM) ko dharmadeva kyoM kahA jAtA hai ?'' uttara meM zrI bhagavAn kahate haiM-'gautama ! ye jo anagAra (gharabAra Adi chor3akara sAdhudharma meM pravajita) bhagavanta haiM, ve IryAsamiti, bhASAsamiti Adi pA~ca samitiyoM se samyak yukta (samita) hai, manogupti Adi tIna guptiyoM se gupta (apanI AtmA ko surakSita) rakhate haiM, yAvat sAdhuoM ke samasta guNoM se sampanna, guptabrahmacArI haiM, isa (dharmadhurandharatA ke) kAraNa inheM 'dharmadeva kahA jAtA hai|'' 1 (pra0) 'se keNaTheNaM bhaMte ! evaM vuccai dhammadevA dhammadevA ?' (u0) "goyamA ! je ime aNagArA bhagavaMto iriyAsamiyA jAva guttabaMbhayArI; se teNaTheNaM evaM vuccai dhmmdevaa|" -bhagavatIsUtra, zataka 12, uddezaka 6
Page #193
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ guru-svarUpa : 125 Azaya yaha hai ki ye dharmaguru mumukSu evaM dharmapipAsu AtmAoM ke lie ArAdhya, upAsya aura dharmapatha pradarzaka haiM / isalie ye 'dharmadeva ' kahalAte haiM / zAstra meM batAyA gayA hai ki do prakAra se AtmA ko dharma kI prApti yA dharma ke svarUpa kI upalabdhi ho sakatI hai - (1) sunakara aura ( 2 ) vicAra karake / ' jaba taka vyakti dharmazAstroM kA zravaNa hI nahIM karatA, taba taka dharma tattva para manana- cintana aura grahaNa evaM anusaraNa kaise kara sakatA hai ? kaI loga kahate haiM ki 'bahuta se manuSyoM ne zravaNa kiye binA hI kevala bhAvanAoM dvArA dharmAcaraNa karake apanA AtmakalyANa kiyA hai, isalie dharmazAstra zravaNa kI kyA AvazyakatA hai ?" isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki bhAvanA bhI pahale zravaNa kiye hue dharmAdi tattvoM kI hI ho sakatI hai / bhAvanA ke dvArA AtmakalyANa karane vAloM ne yA to pahale kabhI na kabhI isa janma meM yA pUrvajanmoM meM dharmAdi tattva viSayaka zravaNa avazya kiyA hogA; anyathA, . kalyANakArI patha meM pravRtta hone tathA pApakArI patha se nivRtta (virata ) hone kI bhAvanA ho nahIM sktii| kyoMki jaisA eka kavi ne kahA hai hai sarvazruta paricita anubhUta bhoga-bandhana kI kathA / para se judA ekatva kI upalabdhi kevala sulabha nA // niSkarSa yaha hai ki pUrvajanmoM meM athavA isa janma meM jina jIvoM ne pahale isa prakAra ke dharmapreraka vacana sune hue haiM, tabhI ve anuprekSApUrvaka bhAvanAtmaka cintana karake dharma kI prApti aura mokSamArga meM pravRtti karate haiM / aura dharma (preraka vacanoM kA) zravaNa prAyaH dharmadevoM ke mukha se hI ho sakatA hai / isalie dharmadeva dharmAdi tattvoM ke sacce vyAkhyAtA, dharmopadezaka, dharmanirdezaka, dharma siddhAnta-prarUpaka evaM dharma-preraka hote haiM / yadi jagat meM aise dharmopadezaka dharmadeva na hoM to dharmapracAra nahIM ho sakatA, dharmatattva se anabhijJa yA vimukha logoM ko dharma-zravaNa kA avasara mila nahIM sktaa| isalie zuddhadharma ke sandezavAhaka ina dharmaguruoM kA jagat para mahAn upakAra hai / ye jagat se kama se kama lekara, adhika se adhika bahumUlya dharmadAna dete haiM / isIlie SaDAvazyaka meM tIrthaMkara devoM ke stavanautkIrttana ke pazcAt tIsarA Avazyaka 'guru vandana' kA rakhA gayA hai / gurupada atyanta mahanIya, pUjanIya, vandanIya aura stutya hai / 1 'soccA abhisameccA' - sthAnAga, sthAna 2 -
Page #194
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 126 : jaina tattvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA vyavahAra samyaktva-prApti athavA samyaktva meM dar3hatA ke lie jIva ko arihanta deva kI taraha susAdhu 'guru' kA avalambana lenA, unase jIvanavikAsaka jJAna-saMskAra prApta karane hetu udyata rahanA, deva kI taraha guru ko sacce arthoM meM pahacAnanA, usa para saccI zraddhA rakhanA, aura usako upAsanA bhI anivArya hai| jainadharmazAstroM meM samyaktvI athavA vratI sadgRhastha ko 'arihantopAsaka' na kahakara 'zramaNopAsaka' kahA gayA hai| yaha gurupada kI mahattA ko sUcita karatA hai / ataeva yaha kahanA atyukti nahIM hogI ki jaba taka vyakti guru se paricita nahIM hogA, taba taka vaha zuddha dharma ke svarUpa se bhI aparicita raha kara adharma yA dharmabhrama ko hI dharma mAnatA rhegaa| guru zabda kA nirvacana vaise to prAcIna AcAryoM ne 'guru' zabda kA nirvacana isa prakAra kiyA hai-'gu' zabda andhakAra kA aura 'ru' zabda prakAza kA vAcaka hai| andhakAra meM (ajJAnAndhakAra meM) prakAza karane vAlA hone se ise 'guru' kahA jAtA hai| saMskRta evaM prAkRta bhASA meM 'guru' kahate haiM-bhArI (vajanadAra) ko / isa daSTi se jo apane se ahiMsA-satyAdi mahAvratarUpa guNoM yA jJAna-darzanacAritra Adi guNoM meM bhArI (vajanadAra) ho, Age bar3hA huA ho, vaha sarvavirati sAdhu, bhale hI vaha strI ho yA puruSa, 'guru' kahalAtA hai| isa koTi meM gaNadhara se lekara sAmAnya sAdhu-sAdhvo Adi sabhI saMyamIjanoM kA antarbhAva ho jAtA hai| AcArya hemakIrti ne guru zabda kA vyutpattilabhya artha kiyA hai guNAti kathayati saddharmatattvaM sa guruH| jo satya (sad) dharmatattva kA upadeza detA hai, vaha 'guru' hai| vAstava meM tIrthaMkara devoM ke bAda 'garu' hI saddharma kA upadeSTA hai| vaise guru kA artha bar3A, zikSaka, mAtA-pitA, svAmI Adi bhI hotA hai, kintu yahA~ ye artha abhISTa nahIM haiN| yahA~ 'guru' zabda kA saMyamI dharmopadezaka, dharmadeva yA dharmaguru artha hI abhISTa hai| 1 'gu' zabdastvandha kAraH 'ha' zabdaH prakAzakaH / andhakAra prakAzatvAt tasmAd gururucyate //
Page #195
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ guru-svarUpa : 127 jaina dRSTi se guru kA lakSaNa Aja vizva meM guruoM kI bharamAra hai| inameM sacce guru kitane haiM aura gurunAmadhArI kitane ? isakA patA lagAnA sarvasAdhAraNa ke lie atyanta kaThina ho gayA hai / ' akele bhArata meM hI lAkhoM guru haiN| 'guru kaisA honA cAhie ?' isa sambandha meM pratyeka dharma ne kucha na kucha vicAra avazya kiyA hai| jainadharma ne 'guru' kA eka mAnadaNDa nizcita kiyA hai, usake anusAra usane una saba tathAkathita guruoM ko guru mAnane se inkAra kiyA hai-jo bhAMga, gA~jA, aphIma, madya Adi nazIlI cIjoM kA sevana karate haiM, jo putra, kalatra, dhana dhAnya svarNa-cAMdI, horA-motI, ratna, hATa, havelI, pazuoM evaM kSetra kA mamatvapUrvaka saMgraha-parigraha rakhate haiM jo mAMsa-madirA Adi abhakSya padArthoM kA sevana karate haiM, jo lobhI haiM-saba prakAra kI AkAMkSAe~ rakhate haiM, maMtra-taMtra-jyotiSa, nimitta Adi se apanI jIvikA calAte haiM, tathA mithyA evaM viSayAsakti-preraka dharma ke pracAraka haiN| aise vyakti guru pada ke yogya nahIM, ve sadguru nahIM, kuguru haiM / kuguru patthara kI naukA se samAna hai, jo svayaM bhI DUbatA hai, patana ke garta meM giratA hai aura dUsaroM ko bhI DubotA hai, Azraya lene vAloM ko bhI patana ke gaDhDe meM dhakela detA hai / ataH mumukSu evaM dharmapipAsu vyakti ko sadguru kI jA~ca-parakha karake tabhI usakI zaraNa yA usakA avalambana lenA caahie| sadguru kI khoja karake jo zaraNa letA hai yA unakI sevA-bhakti upAsanA karatA hai, vahI saddharma ko pAkara saMsAra sAgara ko pAra karane meM samartha hotA hai| isake viparIta Arambha-parigrahamagna kuguru dUsaroM ko kaise tAra sakatA hai ? jo svayaM daridra hai, vaha dUsare ko vaibhava-sampanna kaise banA sakatA hai| ___ AcArya hemacandra ne suguru kA lakSaNa isa prakAra kiyA hai 1 guravo bahavaH santi ziSyavittApahArakAH / kRpAlavo viralAH santi ziSyacittApahArakAH // 2 sarvAbhilASiNaH sarvabhoz2inaH saparigrahAH / abrahmacAriNo mithyopadezA guravo na tu // -yogazAstra, pra. 2, zloka 9 parigrahArambhamagnAstArayeyuH kathaM parAn / svayaM daridro na paramIzvarIkartu mIzvaraH // -yogazAstra (hemacandrAcArya) pra. 2, zloka 10
Page #196
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 128 : jaina tattvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA 'jo ahiMsA Adi pAMca mahAvratoM ke dhAraka hoM, dhairya guNa sampanna hone ke kAraNa kSadhA-taSAdi nAnA parISahoM ko sahane meM tatpara hoM, bhikSAcaryAmAdhukarI vRtti se hI jIvana yApana karane vAle hoM, sadaiva sAmAyika (samabhAva) meM sthira rahate hoM, arthAta-nirava dya (nirdoSa) caryA vAle hoM, aura zuddha dharma kA yathArtha upadeza dene vAle hoM, ve hI sadguru pada ke yogya mAne gae haiN|" suguru ke prati vinaya : kalyANa paramparA srota tIrthaMkaroM kI avidyamAnatA meM suguru hI ekamAtra aise haiM; jo samasta saMgha kA jIvana nirmANa karate haiM, tIrthaMkaroM ke jJAna aura darzana kA unake siddhAntoM aura upadezoM ko Ama janatA meM pracAra-prasAra karate haiN| zAstroM ke gambhIra jJAna kI bhI prApti gurudeva se hotI hai, parantu kaba ? jabaki vyakti vinamra hokara unake caraNoM meM apane Apako samarpita kara de, unake prati vinamra-bhakti hRdaya se kare, unakI sevA zuzrUSA kare, AjJA pAlana kare, unake caraNoM meM vandana-namana kare / gurudeva ke prati vinaya bhakti se vyakti ko kitanA mahAn lAbha milatA hai ? yaha vAcakavarya AcArya umAsvAti ke zabdoM meM suniye vinayaphalaM zuzrUSA, guruzuzra SAphalaM zutajJAnam / jJAnasya phalaM viratiH, viratiphalaM caashrvnirodhH|| saMvaraphalaM tapobalamatha tapaso nirjarAphalaM dRSTam / / tasmAt kriyAnivRttiH kriyAnivRtte yo gitvam // yoganirodhAt bhavasaMtatikSayaH sNttikssyaanmokssH| tasmAtkalyANAnAM sarveSaM bhAjanaM vinayaH // arthAt-gurudeva ke prati vinaya kA bhAva rakhane se sevAbhAva kI jAgRti (athavA dharmazravaNecchA) hoto hai; gurusevA se zAstroM ke gaMbhIra jJAna kI prApti hotI hai; jJAna kA phala pApAcaraNa se nivRtti hai aura pApa nivRtti kA phala Azravanirodha (saMvara) hai| saMvara kA phala tapobala, tapa kA phala nirjarA hai, aura nirjarA dvArA kriyA nivRtti hotI hai| kriyA nivRtti se ayogI (mana, vacana, kAyA ke yogoM kA nirodha) avasthA prApta hotI hai| yoga nirodha se bhavaparamparA kA anta ho jAtA hai jisase mokSa kI prApti hotI hai / ataH guru-vinaya kA phala samasta kalyANoM kA kAraNa hai| 1 'mahAvratadharA dhIrA bhakSyamAtropajIvinaH / sAmAyikasthA dharmopadezakA guravo matAH // ' -yogazAstra pra. 2, zloka 8
Page #197
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ guru svarUpa : 126 garutattva meM tIna padoM kA samAveza ___ arihanta aura siddha AtmavikAsa kI pUrNa dazA-paramAtmadazA para pahu~ce hue haiM, ataH ve pUrNa rUpa se pUjya hone se devakoTi meM gine jAte haiM / yadyapi AcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAdhu AtmavikAsa kI pUrNa avasthA abhI prApta nahIM kara sake haiM, parantu pUrNatA ke lie prayatnazIla haiN| ataH ve apane se nimna zreNI ke gRhastha sAdhakoM ke pUjya aura apane se ucca zreNI ke arihanta-siddha-svarUpa devatvabhAva ke pUjaka hone se gurukoTi meM sammilita kiye gaye haiN| Azaya yaha hai ki AcArya, upAdhyAya kI taraha gaNI, gaNAvacchedaka, pravartaka, sthavira Adi sabhI prakAra ke sAdhugaNa sAdhupada meM samAviSTa ho jAte haiM, ataeva ye saba gurupada se grahaNa kiye jAte haiN| ye sabhI dharmadeva haiN| aba hama gurupada meM samAviSTa mukhya tIna padoM (AcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAdhu) ke svarUpa kA vistRta rUpa se kramazaH vizleSaNa kareMge / . AcArya kA sarvAgINa svarUpa paMcaparameSThI meM tIsarA pada AcArya kA hai| AcArya tIrthaMkara kA pratinidhi hotA hai| AcArya ko dharmapradhAna zramaNasaMgha kA pitA kahA hai|' vaha jJAna, darzana, cAritra (ahiMsA-satya Adi), tapa aura vIrya rUpa pA~coM AcAroM kA svayaM dRr3hatA se pAlana karatA hai aura saMgha ke sAdhu-sAdhvI tathA zrAvaka-zrAvikAvarga se AcAra-pAlana karavAtA hai|' paMcAcArapAlana karane kI preraNA karatA hai| ___ AcArya apane AcAra-vyavahAra se sAdhudharma kA utkRSTa rUpa pramANita karatA hai| vaha para-pariNati se haTakara sva-pariNati meM ramaNa karatA hai, ataeva totra kaSAya kA udaya na hone se vaha prazAnta, vinamra, sarala, kSamAzIla aura AtmasantuSTa rahatA hai; sukha-duHkha Adi dvandvoM para vijaya pAne ke lie satata prayatnazIla rahatA hai| AcArya saMgha kA AdhAra rUpa hotA hai| gaNa yA gaccha meM kisI prakAra ko zithilatA A gaI ho, saMgha kA sAdhu-sAdhvIvarga athavA zrAvaka-zrAvikAvarga jaba saMyama yAtrA yA dharmAcaraNa se bhaTaka rahe hoM, yA ayukta AcaraNa 1 .AcAryaH paramaH pitA / 2 Acinoti AcArayati veti AcAryaH /
Page #198
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 130 : jaina tattvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA karane lage hoM taba AcArya hI unheM madhura vAkyoM se suzikSita karake sahI mArga para lAtA hai, yogya prAyazcitta detA hai| vaha gacchavAsI sAdhu-zrAvakavarga ko AtmA kA cikitsaka hai, saMrakSaka hai, yogya prAyazcitta dekara unakI AtmA kI zuddhi karatA hai| vaha na to svayaM bhaTakatA hai aura na dharma saMghIya sadasyoM ko bhaTakane detA hai| AcArya arihanta kI bhUmikA kI ora bar3hane vAlA vaha mahAprakAza hai, jo apane pIche calane vAle caturvidha saMgha kA mArgadarzana evaM netRtva karatA hai| isIlie AcArya ko dIpaka kahA gayA hai, jo jyoti se jyoti jalAtA huA dUsare AtmadIpoM ko bhI pradIpta kara detA hai|| vaha tIrthaMkara devoM dvArA prarUpita-pratipAdita tattvoM kA pracArakaprasAraka evaM vivecaka hotA hai / vaha saMgha (gaNa) kA nAyaka, jinazAsana kA zRgAra, saMgha kA prakAzastambha, vAdalabdhisampanna, nAnA prakAra ke sUkSma jJAna kA dhAraka, alaukika adhyAtmalakSmIsampanna Adi aneka guNoM se vibhUSita hotA hai| paMcAcAra-prapAlaka hI dharmAcArya satpuruSoM dvArA jo dharmAnurUpa vyavahAra yA AcaraNa kiyA jAtA hai, vaha AcAra kahalAtA hai athavA ziSTa puruSoM dvArA mokSa yA akSaya sukha kI prApti ke lie AcaraNIya yA upAdeya mArga AcAra kahalAtA hai| ' jaina zAstroM meM aise pAMca AcAra batAe gae haiM-(1) jJAnAcAra, (2) darzanAcAra, (3) cAritrAcAra, (4) tapAcAra aura (5) vIryAcAra / ye pAMcoM milakara paMcAcAra kahalAte haiN| isa paMcAcAra kA svayaM pAlana karane vAle aura dUsaroM se pAlana karAne vAle munirAja AcArya kahalAte haiM / dharmAcArya ke lie pAlanIya paMcavidha AcAroM kA svarUpa Age batAyA jaaegaa| AcArya ke mukhya chattIsa guNa vAstava meM AdhyAtmika dRSTi se sarvAMga sampanna AcArya vahI ho sakatA hai, jisameM nimnalikhita chattIsa' guNa hoM-pAMcoM indriyoM kA saMvara (nigraha 1 paMcidiyasaMvaraNo, taha nvvihbNbhcerguttidhro| ... cauviha kaSAya mukko ia aTThArasa guNehiM saMjutto // 1 // paMcamahavvayajutto, pNcvihaayaarpaalnnsmttho| . paMcasamio tigutto, ii chattIsaguNehiM guru majjhaM // 2 // -Avazyaka sUtra
Page #199
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ guru svarUpa : 131 saMyama) karane vAle, nau prakAra kI brahmacarya guptiyoM (bAr3oM) ke dhAraka, cAra prakAra ke kaSAyoM se mukta (vijetA), pAMca mahAvratoM se yukta, paMcavidha AcAra-pAlana meM samartha, pAMca samitiyoM aura tIna guptiyoM se yukta, isa prakAra, ina chattIsa AdhyAtmika guNoM se sampanna, jo guru hote haiM, ve AcArya kahalAte haiN| paMcendriyanigraha pA~coM indriyoM para, vizeSataH pA~coM indriyoM ke viSayoM para saMyamaniyaMtraNa karanA paMcendriyanigraha hai| indriyA~ pA~ca haiM-zrotrendriya, cakSurindriya, ghrANendriya, rasanendriya aura sparzendriya / zrotrendriyanigraha jisase zabda sunA jAe, use zrotrendriya kahate haiN| zrotrendriya-nigraha kA yaha matalaba nahIM ki kAna se zabda sune hI nahIM, kintu yaha hai ki kAnoM meM jo zabda par3eM, unake viSaya meM rAga (Asakti-moha) yA dvaSa (ghaNA-matsara) na kre| ' zrotrendriya kA viSaya zabda hai, vaha tIna prakAra kA hai-jIvazabda, ajIvazabda aura mishrshbd| manuSya, pazu-pakSI Adi kA zabda jIvazabda, dIvAra Adi ke girane se, patthara Adi paraspara TakarAne Adi se jo zabda hotA hai, vaha ajIvazabda aura vAdya bajAne vAle aura vAdya kA milA huA svara mizrazabda kahalAtA hai| __zrotrendriya ke 12 vikAra haiN| ve isa prakAra haiM -jIvAdi tInoM zabdoM ke zubha-azubha do bheda hone se 6 bheda hue| ina chahoM para rAga aura dveSa karane se 642=12 bheda zrotrendriya vikAra ke hue| cakSurindriya-nigraha cakSurindriya kA viSaya rUpa hai isakA bhI yaha artha hai ki A~khoM ke samakSa jo zubha-azubha yA iSTAniSTarUpa dikhAI de usa para rAga-dveSa na kare / A~kheM banda kara le, yaha artha nahIM hai| cakSurindriya ke 5 viSaya haiM- kAlA, nIlA, lAla, pIlA aura sapheda varNa (raMga yA rUpa) inake pratyeka ke sajIva, ajIva aura mizra ke bheda se 543= 15 bheda hue| ye pandraha kabhI zubha aura kabhI azubha hote haiM / isalie 1542=30 bheda hue| ina tIsoM para rAga aura dveSa hotA hai, isalie 3042 =60 bheda cakSa rindriya-vikAra ke hote haiN| ghrANendriyanigraha jisake dvArA gandha kA grahaNa kiyA jAe, use ghrANendriya kahate haiN|
Page #200
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 132 : jaina tattvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA ghrANendriya kA viSaya gandha hai, vaha do prakAra kA hai-sugandha aura durgandha / ghrANendriyanigraha kA yaha artha nahIM ki gandha Ate hI nAka banda kara le, kintu yaha artha hai ki sugandha yA durgandha para rAga-dveSa na kre| do prakAra kI gandha sacitta, acitta va mizra ke bheda se tIna-tIna prakAra kI hai| phira ina para rAga aura dvaSa hone se 6x2= 12 prakAra ke ghrANendriya vikAra ke hue| rasanendriyanigraha jisake dvArA svAda cakhA jAya, use rasanendriya kahate haiN| rasanendriya ke 5 viSaya haiM-tikta, kaTu, kaSAya (kasailA), khaTTA aura miitthaa| ina pA~coM rasoM vAle padArtha sacitta, acitta, mizra tIna-tIna prakAra ke hote haiN| isalie 543= 15 bheda he| ye 15 zubha bhI hote haiM aura azubha bhii| phira ina para rAga aura dvaSa hone se 1542=3042=60 bheda rasanendriya vikAra ke UN - hue| sparzendriyanigraha jisase sparza kI pratIti-anubhUti ho, use sparzendriya kahate haiN| sparzendriya kA viSaya sparza hai, jisake 8 prakAra haiM-guru-laghu (bhArI-halakA), zIta-uSNa, snigdha-rUkSa aura koml-ktthor| ina ATha sparzoM vAle padArtha sacitta, acitta aura mizra hote haiN| isalie 843= 24 bheda hue| phira zubha aura azubha ke bheda se ina caubosaHke do-do bheda milakara 48 bheda hue / ina 48 para rAga aura doSa karane se sparzendriya ke kUla vikAra 48x2=66 he| AcArya deva ina pA~coM indriyoM ke sabhI viSayoM aura vikAroM ke vaza meM na hokara ina para vijaya prApta karate haiM, inheM aMkUza meM rakhate haiN| inakI ora rAga-dvaSa bhI nahIM krte|' ve bhalIbhA~ti jAnate haiM ki ina pA~coM indriyoM ke vaza meM hokara saMsAra ke vividha prANI akAla meM hI apane prANa kho baiThate haiM, bhayaMkara daNDa unheM prakRti se milatA hai, paraloka meM bhI durgati hotI hai; dharmadhyAna aura ratnatraya kI sAdhanA miTTI meM mila jAtI hai| pAMcoM indriyoM ke nigraha se sAdhaka manojJa aura amanojJa meM hone vAle rAga-dvaSa meM nigraha kara letA hai / phira vaha rUpAdi ke nimitta se karmabandha nahIM karatA; pUrvabaddha karmoM kI nirjarA karatA hai| 1 je iMdiyANaM visayA maNunnA, na tesu bhAvaM nisire kyaai|| na yA'maNunnesu maNaM pi kujjA, samAhikAme samaNe tvssii| - uttarA0 a0 32 gAthA 21 2 uttarA0 a0 26 sU0 63 se 67,
Page #201
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ guru svarUpa : 133 navavidha brahmacarya guptiyoM ke dhAraka jisa prakAra kisAna apane boye hue kheta kI rakSA ke lie usake cAroM ora bAr3a lagAtA hai, vaise hI AcArya yA brahmacArI puruSa dharma ke bIja rUpa brahmacarya kI rakSA ke lie nau prakAra ko bAr3a (gupti) lagAte haiM; arthAt - nau prakAra kI brahmacaryaguptiyoM se apane brahmacarya ko surakSita rakhate haiN| ve nau brahmacarya-guptiyA~ isa prakAra haiM (1) strI-pazu-paNDaka rahita vivikta sthAna-jisa sthAna meM billI rahatI ho, vahA~ cUhA rahe to usakI khaira nahIM, isI prakAra jisa makAna meM brahmacArI puruSa rahatA hai, usa makAna meM agara, manuSya yA tiyaJca kI strI, yA napuMsaka kA aniza nivAsa ho yA rAtri meM ekAkI strI kA Agamana ho, to brahmacArI ke brahmacarya ko khatarA hai|' ataH brahmacarya ke sAdhaka ko isa viSaya meM sAvadhAna rahanA caahie| (2) manorama strI-kathAvarjana-jaise nIbU, imalI Adi khaTTe padArthoM kA nAma lete hI muha meM pAnI chUTane lagatA hai, vaise hI strI ke saundarya, zRMgAra, lAvaNya, hAva-bhAva aura aMgopAMgoM ke laTake aura cAturya Adi kA varNana karane se vikAra utpanna hotA hai / ataH usase brahmacarya sAdhaka ko bacanA caahie| (3) striyoM kA atisaMsarga varjana-striyoM kA bAra-bAra, atisaMsarga, paricaya, bAtacIta evaM eka hI Asana para strIpuruSa kA baiThanA brahmacaryanAza kA kAraNa hai| ataH brahmacArI puruSa ko striyoM kI atisaMsakti se bacanA caahie| (4) striyoM ke aMgopAMga nirIkSaNa varjana-jaise sUrya kI ora TakaTakI lagAkara dekhane se A~khoM ko hAni pahu~catI hai vaise hI brahmacArI puruSa dvArA striyoM ke aMgopAMgoM ko viSaya vAsanA ko daSTi se tAka-tAka kara dekhanA usake lie khataranAka hai / aisA karane se brahmacarya kA vinAza nizcita hai / brahmacArI ko isase bacanA caahie| (5) striyoM ke kAmavaddha ka zabda-gotasmaraNa varjana-jaise meghagarjana sunakara mayUra harSita hotA hai, usI prakAra parde, dIvAra Adi ke pIche ratikrIr3A, dAmpatyasahacAra tathA anya vikAravaddhaka gAyana, zabda, 1 jahA virAlAvasahassa mUle, na mUsagANaM vasahI pasatthA / emeva itthInilayassa majjhe, na baMbhayArissa khamo nivAso / -uttarA0 a0 32 gAthA 13
Page #202
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 134 : jaina tattvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA hAsavilAsa kI bAteM sunane se kAma vikAra paidA hotA hai, jo brahmacarya ke lie ghAtaka hai / brahmacArI isase bacanA caahie|' (6) pUrvabhukta kAmabhogoM ke smaraNa kA niSedha-pUrvabhukta viSaya-bhogo ke smaraNa se brahmacArI ko dUra rahanA cAhie, kyoMki pUrvAvasthA meM strI ke sAtha kiye hue viSayabhogoM kA smaraNa karane se mAnasika abrahma kA sevana hotA hai aura usase brahmacarya kA vinAza ho jAtA hai| . . (7) kAmottejaka bhojana-pAna varjana- jaise sannipAta ke rogI ke lie dUdha aura zakkara milAkara denA rogavRddhi kA kAraNa hotA hai vase hI brahmacArI ke lie sadaiva sarasa, svAdiSTa, tAmasI, kAmottejaka bhojana aura peya bhI brahmacarya ke lie hAnikAraka hote haiN| inase brahmacArI ko bacanA caahie| (8) atyadhika bhojana pAna-varjana-jaise sera bhara kI haMDiyA meM savAsera khicar3I pakAne se vaha phUTa jAtI hai, vaise hI maryAdA se adhika ThUsa-ThUsakara khAne se bhI ajIrNa, atisAra Adi roga utpanna hote haiM aura kAma vikAra meM vRddhi hone se svapnadoSa Adi ho jAte haiM, brahmacarya naSTa ho jAne kI AzaMkA rahatI hai| isalie brahmacArI ko ati bhojana se bacanA caahie| (9) snAna gAra varjana-jaise daridra ke pAsa cintAmaNi ratna Tika nahIM sakatA, isI prakAra phaizana ke lie snAna-zRgAra, aMgamardana, ubaTana, vibhUSA Adi karake apane zarIra ko AkarSaka banAne vAle vyakti kA brahmacarya surakSita nahIM raha sktaa| isalie brahmacArI ko zRMgAra, vibhUSA Adi se dUra rahanA cAhie; kyoMki jo brahmacArI bhikSu zarIra kI vibhUSA 1 (ka) Alao thIjaNAiNNo, thIkahA ya maNoramA / saMthavo ceva nArINaM, tAsi iMdiyadarisaNaM / / kuiyaM ruiyaM gIaM, hasiyaM bhuttAsaNANiya / -uttarA0 a0 16, gAthA 11, 12 (kha) na rUvalAvaNNavilAsahAsana jaMpiyaM iMmiyapehiyaM vA / itthINa cittaMsi nivesaittA daLuvavasse samaNe tavassI // adaMsaNaM ceva apatthaNa ca, aciMtaNaM ceva akittaNa ca / itthIjaNassAriyajhANajoggaM hiyaM sayA baMbhavae rayANa // -uttarA0 a0 32 gAthA 14-15
Page #203
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ guru svarUpa : 135 - TIpaTApa karane meM lagA rahatA hai, vaha cikane karma bA~dhatA hai tathA ghora saMsAra sAgara meM aisA DUbatA hai ki phira nikalanA duSkara ho jAtA hai / " AcArya, brahmacarya kI prastuta 6 guptiyoM ( bAr3oM) se apane brahmacarya kI tathA saMgha ke sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke brahmacarya kI surakSA karate haiN| saMgha ke AcArya isa bAta ko bhalIbhA~ti samajhate haiM ki brahmacarya kI ina 6 guptiyoM meM se kisI eka bhI gupti ( bAr3a) ko bhaMga karane vAle brahmacArI ke mana meM zaMkA paidA ho jAtI hai ki 'aba maiM brahmacarya pAlana karU~ yA na karU~ ?' phira usake hRdaya meM bhogoM ke sevana kI kAMkSA (lalaka) jAga uThatI hai / itanA hI nahIM, isa brahmacaryapAlana kA phala milegA yA nahIM ? isa prakAra kI vicikitsA usake mana meM utpanna ho jAtI hai / ina doSoM ke phalasvarUpa varSoM taka brahmacaryaM sAdhanA se saMcita AdhyAtmika zakti kI pUMjI ko vaha eka dina meM naSTa kara DAlatA hai, yAnI vaha bheda ko prApta ho jAtA hai / usake tana aura mana meM kAmonmAda paidA ho jAtA hai, jisake kAraNa cirakAlasthAyI kAsa, zvAsa, sujAka, prameha, kSaya, zUla, Adi bhayaMkara roga use ghera lete haiM / antima pariNAma yaha hotA hai ki aisA vyakti kevalIprarUpita saMyama dharma se bhraSTa hokara ananta kAla taka saMsAra sAgara meM paribhramaNa karatA hai / ataH AcArya dRr3hatA se niSThApUrvaka brahmacarya kA pAlana karate haiM / abrahmacarya ko vaha adharma kA mUla, mahAdoSoM kA srota samajhakara mana se bhI pAsa meM phaTakate nahIM dete / catuvidhakavAya vijayo AcArya cAra prakAra ke kaSAyoM se sarvathA mukta - kaSAyavijayI hotA 1 (ka) paNIyaM bhattapANaM ca, gAyabhUsaNamiTTha ca narassatta gavesissa aimAyaM kAmabhogA visa pANabhoyaNaM / ca dujjayA / tAlauDa jahA // (kha) vibhUsAvattiyaM bhikkhU saMsArasAyare vore jeNaM - uttarA0 a0 16 gAthA 12-13 kammaM baMdhai cikkaNaM / paDai duruttare // } 2 taoNaM tassa "baMbhacere saMkA vA, kaMkhA vA vA labhejjA, ummAya vA pAuNijjA, kevalapannattAo vA dhammAo bhaMsejjA / '' - dazavaikAlika a0 6, gAthA 65 vitigicchA vA samuppajjajjA, bhe dIhakAliya vA rogAyaka havejjA, - uttarA0 a0 16 sU0 3 se 12 taka
Page #204
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 136 : jaina tattvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA hai| kyoMki vaha samajhatA hai ki krodhAdi cAra kaSAyoM ko hRdaya meM basAne vAlA jalatI huI bhayaMkara Aga ko hRdaya meM basAtA hai| jaba vaha kaSAyaagni bhar3akatI hai to sAdhaka kI kSamA, dayA, zIla, vinaya, nizchalatA, nirabhimAnatA, namratA, santoSa, dhairya, tapa, saMyama, jJAna Adi uttamottama guNa rUpI puSpoM ko jalA kara bhasma kara DAlatI hai| manuSya ko AdhyAtmika cetanA para ye duguNoM kI kAlimA car3hA dete haiN| kaSAya mukhyatayA cAra haiM-(1) krodha, (2) mAna, (3) mAyA, aura (4) lobha / ye cAroM kaSAya cora kI taraha cupake se sAdhaka ke tana-mana meM praviSTa hokara usakI AdhyAtmika sampatti kA apaharaNa kara lete haiN| kaSAyAviSTa vyakti punarjanma-maraNa se mUla ko sIMcatA hai|' jisake pariNAma se saMsAra (kaSa) kI vRddhi (Aya) hotI hai, aura jo karmabandha kA pradhAna kAraNa hai, AtmA kA vaha vibhAva pariNAma kaSAya kahalAtA hai| kaSAya AtmA ke prabala zatru haiN| jaise pItala ke bartana meM rakhA huA dUdha-dahI kasailA aura viSAkta ho jAtA hai, vaise kaSAyarUpI duguNa se AtmA meM nihita saMyama Adi guNa viSAkta aura malina ho jAte haiN| kaSAyarUpI agni ko AcArya, zra ta aura zIla kI dhArA se zAnta kara dete haiN| (1) krodhakaSAya-krodha prathama kaSAya hai, jo manuSya ke svabhAva ko caNDa, ugra aura kara banA detA hai| krodhAveza meM vyakti apane AtmIyajanoM kI hatyA karane meM bhI nahIM cUkatA / atyanta kupita vyakti AtmahatyA bhI kara baiThatA hai| krodhI vyakti svayaM cANDAla hai| krodha meM unmatta hokara vyakti bhAna bhUla jAtA hai aura apanI priya vastu ko bhI tor3aphor3a DAlatA hai / krodhAndha vyakti kI buddhi naSTa ho jAtI hai| vaha Ape se bAhara hokara aMTasaMTa bakane lagatA hai, use apanA hitAhita nahIM sUjhatA, krodhAviSTa vyakti kRtaghna hokara upakArI ke upakAra ko bhUla jAtA hai| ataH vaha svayaM jalatA hai aura dUsaroM 1 (ka) cattAri ee kasiNA kasAyA, siMcaMti mUlAI puNabbhavassa / - dazavakAlika a0 8 gAthA 40 (kha) sapajjaliyA ghorA aggI ciTThai goyamA ! je DahaMti sarIratthA |ksaayaa aggiNo vuttA... -uttarAdhyayana a0 23, gAthA 50-53
Page #205
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ guru svarUpa : 137 hat bhI jalA DAlatA hai / krodha proti kA nAza kara DAlatA hai / " krodhI vyakti aura banI huI bAta ko kSaNabhara meM bigAr3a detA hai / krodha ke phalasvarUpa jIva kurUpa, sattvahIna, apayaza kA bhAgI aura ananta janma-maraNa karane vAlA bana jAtA hai / krodhavijaya se sAdhaka kSamAbhAva ko prApta kara letA hai / krodhavedanIya karma kA bandha nahIM karatA / pUrvabaddha karmoM kI nirjarA kara letA hai / aisA jAnakara AtmahitaiSI AcArya mahArAja kadApi krodha se saMtapta nahIM hote / kisI kAraNavaza udaya meM Ae hue krodha ko ve sadaiva upazama- jala se zAnta kara lete haiM aura dUsaroM ko bhI zAnta-zItala banAte haiM / (2) mAnakaSAya - mAna dvitIya kaSAya hai, jo prakRti ko kaThora banAtA hai / yaha nizcita hai ki jahA~ mAna hogA, vahA~ vinaya guNa nau do gyAraha ho jAegA / vinaya ke abhAva meM jJAnaprApti nahIM ho sakatI aura jJAnaprApti binA vyakti jIva-ajIva Adi tattvoM ko jAna nahIM sakatA, jIvAjIvAdi jAne binA dayA, saMvara, samatA, kSamA, nirjarA Adi nahIM kara sakatA / inake binA dharma kA AcaraNa nahIM ho sakatA / dharmAcaraNa ke binA karmakSaya nahIM ho sakatA / karmakSaya ke binA mukti kA akSaya avyAbAdha sukha prApta nahIM ho sktaa| isa prakAra abhimAna mokSa prApti meM bahuta bar3A bAdhaka hai 1 bar3e-bar3e tapasvI, jJAnI, dhyAnI, saMyamI, kriyAkANDI sAdhaka abhimAnI banakara IrSyA, dva eSa, vaira-virodha, matsara, svArtha Adi se grasta ho jAte haiM / isa prakAra ve jinAjJA ke virAdhaka banakara apanA manuSyabhava aura bhaviSya bigAr3a lete haiM / mAnAndha manuSya sadaiva avaguNagrAhI hotA hai / vaha dUsaroM kI pragati nahIM dekha sakatA / vaha sadaiva dUsaroM ke chidra dekhatA rahatA hai / mAnAndha mAnava apane abhimAna kI pUrti ke lie lAkhoM kA dhana, dharma, zarIra tathA parivAra taka ko barbAda kara dete haiM / phira bhayaMkara duHkhabhAgI banakara pazcAttApa karate haiM / mAnI sadaiva durdhyAna meM magna rahatA hai / isalie mAnAviSTa vyakti satata ghora karmabandha karatA rahatA hai / mAna kI utpatti ke srota 8 mada haiM - ( 1 ) jAtimada, (2) kulamada, (3) balamada, (4) rUpamada, (5) lAbhamada, (6) tapomada, (7) zrutamada aura (8) aizvaryamada / * 1 koho pIiM paNAsei 2 'mANo viNayaNAsaNo / ' 3 samavAyAMga, 8 vA~ samavAya - dazavaikAlika a0 8 gAthA 38 - dazavaikAlika a0 8 gAthA 38 --
Page #206
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 138 : jaina tattvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA sakA jo vyakti ina AThoM meM se jisakA bhI mada karatA hai, vaha AgAmI bhava meM usI kI hInatA prApta karatA hai| udAharaNArtha-jAti yA kula kA abhimAna karane vAlA vyakti AgAmI janma meM nIca jAti yA nIca kUla meM utpanna hotA hai| balAbhimAnI nirbala, rUpAbhimAnI kurUpa, tapomada karane karane vAlA tapohIna, zru tAbhimAnI mUrkha yA nirbuddhi hotA hai / lAbhAbhimAnI daridra yA kiMkara aura aizvaryAbhimAnI bhaviSya meM anAtha yA. nirAdhAra hotA hai| kheda hai mAnava apanI ajJAnatA ke kAraNa icchAnukUla uttama vastu kI prApti ho jAne se usakA mada karake bhaviSya meM usI vastu kI hInatA prApta karatA hai| __tattvajJa AcArya isa bAta ko bhalIbhA~ti jAnate haiM. aura koI bhI nimitta mila jAne para ahaMkAra na karake sadaiva nirabhimAna, namra aura vinIta hote haiN| ve AcArya jaisA ucca pada pAkara bhI abhimAna nahIM karate, saMgha kA zAsana ve dharmazAsana ke lie tathA sAdhakoM ke jIvana nirmANa ke lie mAnakara karate haiN| (3) mAyA kaSAya -mAyA, kapaTa, kuTilatA, vakratA, chala, dhokhebAjI, vaMcanA Adi ko kahate haiN| mAyA prakRti ko vakra banAtI hai| zAstra meM mAyA ko tIna zalyoM meM se eka zalya mAnA gayA hai| jaise-zarIra meM cubhA huA tIkhA kA~TA nirantara vyathA paha~cAtA hai, vase hI mAyArUpa bhAvazalya AtmA ko janma-janma meM ghora pIr3A pahu~cAtI hai| saccA vratadhArI vahI hai, jo zalya se rahita ho|2|| zAstra meM 'mAyI' ke sAtha 'mithyAdRSTi'3 zabda jur3A huA milatA hai, vaha bhI isa bAta kA dyotaka hai ki 'mAyI' adhikAMzataH 'mithyAdRSTi' hotA hai| jo puruSa mAyAcAra karatA hai, vaha AgAmI bhava meM strIparyAya pAtA hai aura jo strI mAyA-sevana karatI hai, vaha marakara napusaka hotI hai aura yadi napuMsaka mAyA kA sevana karatA hai, vaha marakara tiryaJca gati vizeSataH ekendriyatiryaJcayoni prApta karatA hai| 1 paDikkamAmi tihiM sallehi-mAyAsalleNaM niyANasahaleNaM micchaadsnnsllennN|' -AvazyakasUtra 2 niHzalyovratI -tattvArtha0 adhyAya0 7, sU0 13 3 mAyomicchAdiTThI -bhagavatI sUtra 4 mAyAtairyagyonasya -tattvArtha0 adhyAya 6, sU0 17
Page #207
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ guru svarUpa : 136 dazavaikAlika sUtra meM vibhinna prakAra kI mAyA karane vAle sAdhaka ko usa-usa sAdhanA kA 'cora' kahA gayA hai| 'jo sAdhaka tapasvI na hote hue bhI apane Apako tapasvI batAtA hai, vaha tapa kA cora hotA hai, vayaska sthavira na hote hue bhI kisI ke pUchane para apane Apako vayaHsthavira batAne vAlA vaya kA cora hai| rUpavAn tejasvI dekhakara kisI ke pUchane para apane Apako rUpavAn tejasvI vyakti ke putra-sA batAne vAlA rUpa kA cora hai| jo andara meM anAcAra sevana karatA hai, Upara se malina vastra Adi dhAraNa karake jo svayaM ko zuddhAcArI yA AcAravAn batAtA hai, vaha AcAra kA cora hai| cora hokara bhI Upara se sAhakArI batAne vAlA, Thaga hokara bhI bhaktibhAva prakaTa karane vAlA bhAvoM kA cora hai|' ye pA~coM prakAra ke caurya vatti ke sAdhaka marakara yadi devagati prApta kareM to cANDAla ke samAna nIca jAti vAle mithyAdRSTi, asvaccha, ghRNAspada aura nindApAtra kilviSI jAti ke deva hote haiN| vahA~ se marakara mUka bher3abakarI kI yoni prApta karate haiN| anantakAla taka nIca yoniyoM meM janmamaraNa karatA hai / usako bodhi (samyagdRSTi) kI prApti durlabha hotI hai / ' mAyAcAra kA itanA bhayaMkara pariNAma jAnakara AcArya mahArAja kisI kAraNa ke mila jAne para bhI kadApi mAyA-chala kA sevana nahIM karate / ve bhItara-bAhara vizuddha, nizchala, nimala evaM saralasvabhAvI hote haiN| kisI kAraNavaza chala karane ke bhAva utpanna ho bhI jAe~ to unheM turanta niSphala kara dete haiM / (4) lobha kaSAya-lAlaca, pralobhana, lAlasA, taSNA Adi saba lobha ke paryAya haiN| lobha manuSya ke samasta sadguNoM kA nAzaka hai| isake pAza meM phaMse hue prANI kSadhA, taSA, zIta, tApa, apamAna, pIr3A, mArapITa, Adi aneka prakAra ke duHkha pAte haiM / lobha ke vaza meM hokara manuSya mAyA-kapaTa karatA hai, krodha aura abhimAna bhI karatA hai| santoSa, zAnti, niHsvArthatA, 1 tavateNe : vayateNe rUvateNe a je nre| AyArabhAvateNe ya kumvai devkidivs| tatto vi se caittANaM labbhai elamUayaM / naraya tirikkhajoNi vA bohI jattha sudullahA / / - dazavakAlika a0 5 gAthA 46, 49 2 'loho savvaviNAsaNo' -dazavakAlika a06, gAthA 38
Page #208
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 140 : jaina tattvakalikA - dvitIya kalikA paropakAra, dayA, kSamA, AtmIyatA Adi kI bhAvanA lobhI manuSya ke hRdaya se vidA ho jAtI hai / isIlie lobha ko pApa kA bApa' kahA gayA hai / lobhI manuSya cApalUsI, gulAmI, miSTabhASitA Adi se dhokhebAjI karake dUsaroM ko apane caMgula meM pha~sAte haiM / ve apanI saMskRti, dharma, kulInatA aura jAtIyatA ke viruddha kukRtya bhI kara baiThate haiN| paMcendriya prANiyoM kI hatyA karane se bhI ve nahIM cUkate / paryApta dhana ho jAne para bhI lobhI manuSya ko kabhI tRpti aura santuSTi nahIM hotI / vaha aneka kukRtya karake pApoM kI gaTharI sira para lAdakara hAya-hAya karatA aura marakara durgati meM jAtA hai / ataH sAdhaka ko kisI prakAra kA lobha nahIM karanA cAhie / kadAcit lobha kA udaya ho jAe to use jJAna, vairAgya aura saMtoSa dvArA zAnta kara denA cAhie / isa prakAra lobha ko sarvaguNavinAzaka durgatidAyaka jAnakara AcArya mahArAja lobha kA tyAga kara sadaiva saMtoSamagna rahate haiM / uparyukta cAroM kaSAyoM ke tIvra madhyama manda mandatara bheda ke anusAra pratyeka ke cAra-cAra bheda hote haiM - ( 1 ) anantAnubandhI, (2) apratyAkhyAnA - varaNa, (3) pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa aura (4) saMjvalana / phira inakA bhI bahuta lambA caur3A parivAra hai / tattvajJa AcAryazrI ina saba bhedoM ko bhalIbhA~ti jAnate haiM aura inako AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke avarodhaka mAnakara inakA sarvathA parityAga karane ke lie prayatnazIla rahate haiM / pA~ca mahAvratoM se yukta AcAryapravara ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha, ina pA~ca mahAvratoM ko pratyeka kI pA~ca-pA~ca bhAvanAoM sahita tIna karaNa (kRta, kArita, anumodita) tIna yoga ( mana, vacana aura kAyA) se dRr3hatApUrvaka pAlana karate haiM / yadyapi sAmAnya sAdhu bhI pA~ca mahAvratoM kA pAlana karate haiM aura AcArya bhI, kintu AcAryazrI ina pA~coM mahAvratoM kA vizeSa upayogapUrvaka svayaM bhI pAlana karate haiM, saMgha ke sAdhu-sAdhvIgaNa ko bhI dRr3hatApUrvaka pAlana karane kI preraNA karate haiM, inake pAlana meM koI zithilatA, doSa yA malinatA A jAe, to yathocita prAyazcitta dekara unakI zuddhi karate haiN| pAMca mahAvratoM kA vivecana isa prakAra hai-- 1 'lobha pApa kA bApa bakhAnA' --lokokti
Page #209
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ guru svarUpa : 141 prathama-ahiMsA mahAvrata isakA zAstrIya nAma 'sarvaprANAtipAta-viramaNa'1 hai| arthAta-sabhI prakAra ke prANAtipAta jIva-ahiMsA se tIna karaNa tIna yoga se virata-nivRtta honaa| __isa mahAvrata kA jaise yaha niSedhAtmakarUpa hai, vaise isakA vidheyAtmaka rUpa bhI hai-tIna karaNa-tIna yoga se ahiMsA kA pAlana krnaa| isameM jIvadayA, prANirakSA, abhayadAna, sevA, kSamA, vAtsalya, anukampA, maMtrI, pramoda, kAruNya, aura mAdhyasthya, AtmaupamyabhAva Adi ahisA ke sabhI rUpa A jAte haiN| sarvaprANAtipAtaviramaNa kA artha-prANa dasa prakAra ke haiM-(1) zrotrendriyabalaprANa, (2) cakSurindriyabalaprANa, (3) ghrANendriyabalaprANa, (4) rasendriyabalaprANa, (5) sparzendriyabalaprANa, (6) manobalaprANa, (7) vacanabalaprANa, (8) kAyabalaprANa, (6) zvAsocchvAsabalaprANa aura (10) AyuSyabalaprANa prANadhAraka karane vAle ko prANI (jIva) kahate haiN| dasa prakAra ke prANoM meM se 4 prANa (sparzendriya, kAya, zvAsocchvAsa aura AyuSya) ekendriya (sthAvara) jIvoM meM pAe jAte haiN| dvIndriya jIvoM meM 6 prANa (rasanendriya aura vacanabalaprANa. adhika), trIndriya jIvoM meM 7 prANa (eka ghrANendriyabalaprANa adhika); caturindriya jIvoM meM 8 prANa (cakSa rindriyabala-prANa adhika); asaMjJIpaMcendriya jIvoM meM 6 prANa (zrotrendriyabalaprANa adhika) aura saMjJI (samanaska) paMcendriya jIvoM meM (manobala prANa adhika hone ke kAraNa) dasa prANa hote haiN| ina samasta prANadhAriyoM ke kisI bhI prANa kA atipAta viyoga (vinAza) karanA prANAtipAta athavA hiMsA hai| isa prakAra ke prANAtipAta (hiMsA) kA tIna karaNa (kRta-kArita aura anumoditarUpa) tathA tIna yoga (mana-vacana 1 savvAo pANAivAyAo veramaNa / 2 jisake bala- AdhAra se kisI kArya meM pravRtti kara sake, use balaprANa kahate haiN| 3 jo jIva mAtA-pitA ke saMyoga ke binA utpanna hote haiM tathA manana karane kI viziSTa zakti se rahita hote haiM, ve asaMjJI kahalAte haiM / 4 paMcendriyANi trividhaM bala ca ucchvAsa-niHzvAsamathAnyadAyuH / prANA darzate bhagavadbhisaktAsteSAM viyojIkaraNa tu hiMsA //
Page #210
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 142 : jaina tattvakalikA - dvitIya kalikA (kAyA) se AjIvana dravya-kSetra - kAla-bhAva se sarvathA tyAga karanA prathama sarvaprANAtipAta viramaNavrata hai / prathama mahAvrata kI pA~ca bhAvanAe~ (1) IryA samitibhAvanA - svapara ko kleza na ho, isa prakAra yatna pUrvaka trasa sthAvara jIvoM kI rakSA karate hue bhUmi ko dekhabhAla kara yA pUjakara calanA / ahiMsAvrata kI rakSA ke lie kisI bhI jIva kI nindA garhA yA hInA athavA hAni nahIM karanA / (2) manogupti bhAvanA - dharmaniSTha puruSoM ko acchA jAne aura pApI puruSoM para dayA lAe ki ye becAre ajJAnatAvaza pApa kara rahe haiM / ina pApoM kA duSpariNAma unheM kitane duHkhapUrvaka bhoganA par3egA ? isa prakAra dharmIadharmI ke prati mana meM samatva bhAva rakhanA; athavA mana ko azubha dhyAna se haTAkara zubhadhyAna meM lagAnA; mana se kisI bhI jIva ke prati vadha, bandha, kleza, patana, maraNa aura bhaya ke utpAdaka tathA hAnikAraka vicAra nahIM karanA / (3) eSaNAsamiti bhAvanA - vastra, pAtra, AhAra, sthAna Adi vastuoM kI gaveSaNA, grahaNaiSaNA aura paribhogaiSaNA, ina tInoM eSaNAoM meM doSa na lagane denA, nirdoSa vastu ke upayoga kA sthAna rakhanA / ' (4) AdAnanikSa paNasamiti bhAvanA - vastra, pAtra, AhAra, pAnI, Adi kisI vastu ko lete ( uThAte), rakhate yA chor3ate samaya pramANopeta dRSTi se pratilekhanA-pramArjana-pUrvaka grahaNa karanA, rakhanA evaM chor3anA / (5) Alokita pAna - bhojana - bhAvanA - bhojana-pAna kI vastu ko bhalIbhA~ti dekhabhAla kara lenA tathA sadaiva dekhabhAla kara, svAdhyAyadi karake, guruAjJA prApta kara saMyamavRddhi ke lie zAnta evaM samatvabhAva se stoka mAtra AhArAdi kA sevana karanA | ye pA~ca bhAvanAe~ ahiMsA mahAvrata kI rakSA evaM sthiratA ke lie haiM / dina ho, rAtri ho, akelA ho yA samUha meM ho, soyA ho yA jAga rahA ho, kaisI bhI paristhiti meM kisI bhI prakAra kI hiMsA kahIM bhI nahIM karanI-karAnI cAhie, yahI ahiMsA mahAvrata kA uddezya hai / 1 isake badale praznavyAkaraNa sUtra meM 'vayaparijANai' bhAvanA (hiMsAkArI, doSayukta, asatya aura ayogya vacana na bola vacana gupti bhAvanA ) hai / 2 tatvArtha sUtra adhyAya 7, sU0 4 ke anusAra ye artha diye gaye haiM /
Page #211
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ guru svarUpa : 143 AcArya prathama mahAvrata kA pUrNarUpa se sarvathA pAlana karate-karAte haiM; ahiMsA kA AcaraNa karane karAne ke lie ve sadA kaTibaddha rahate haiM / dvitIya - satya mahAvrata isa kA zAstrIya nAma' 'sarvamRSAvAdaviramaNa' hai / isakA artha haikrodha, lobha, bhaya, athavA hAsya Adi ke vaza hokara tIna karaNa aura tIna yoga se dravya-kSatra - kAla-bhAva se kisI bhI prakAra kA mRSAvAda (asatya - jhUTha na bolanA yaha isakA niSedhAtmakarUpa hai / vidheyAtmaka rUpa hai - sarva prakAra se satya-tathya pathya, yathArtha, hitakara, parimita, nirdoSa vacana bolanA, athavA mana-vacanakAyA se satyAcaraMNa karanA karanA aura anumodana karAnA satya mahAvrata hai / dvitIya mahAvrata kI pA~ca bhAvanA satya mahAvrata meM sthira rahane ke lie pA~ca bhAvanAe~ haiM-- (1) anuvIcibhASaNa - nirdoSa, madhura, satya, tathya, hitakara vacana vicArapUrvaka bolanA; zIghratA aura capalatA se binA vicAra kiye bhASaNa na karanA; aise zabdoM kA prayoga na karanA jisase kisI ke mana ko AghAta lage, kisI kA prANaghAta ho, jo kaTu ho, jisase kisI ko duHkha ho / tabhI satya rakSA ho sakatI hai | (2) krodhavaza bhASaNavarjana- krodhavaza jhUTha bolA jAtA hai / krodhAveza meM manuSya asatya, paizunya, kalaha, vaira, avinaya Adi avaguNoM ko paidA kara letA hai; tathA satya, zIla, vinaya Adi kA nAza kara letA hai / ataH krodhAveza ho, taba bhASaNa na karanA, mauna evaM kSamAbhAva rakhanA / (3) lobhavaza bhASaNavarjana- lobhavaza jhUTha bolA jAtA hai, usase satya kA nAza ho jAtA hai / ataH jaba lobha kA udaya ho, taba satya - rakSA hetu na bolanA, lobha kA parihAra karake santoSa dhAraNa karanA / (4) bhayavaza bhASaNa - tyAga - bhaya ke vaza asatya bolA jAtA hai / ataH jaba bhayavihvalatA yA bhayodra ke ho, taba na bolanA, dhairya rakhanA, jisase satyavrata kI rakSA ho / (5) hAsyavaza bhASaNatyAga -- ha~sI majAka yA vinoda meM jhUTha bolA jAtA hai | ataH hAsya kA udaya hone para satyarakSA hetu nahIM bolanA, mauna rakhanA / 1 'savvAo musAvAyAo veramaNaM / ' 2 kohA vA lohA vA bhayA vA hAsA vA asacca Na vaejjA /
Page #212
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 144 : jaina tatvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA isa prakAra AcAryazrI satya mahAvrata kA pAlana tIna karaNa, tIna yoga se dRr3hatApUrvaka karate-karAte aura anumodana karate haiN| tRtIya-acaurya mahAvrata isakA zAstrIya nAma hai-sarva adattAdAna-viramaNa' arthAt saba prakAra se adattAdAna-caurya se nivRtta-virata honA / yaha isakA niSedhAtmaka rUpa hai / isa mahAvrata kA vidheyAtmaka rUpa hai-AhAra, pAnI, vastra, pAtra, auSadha, sthAna Adi kA nirdoSa rUpa se grahaNa tathA upabhoga (upayoga yA sevana) krnaa| tAtparya yaha hai ki vastu grAma, nagara yA jaMgala meM ho, vastu alpa mUlya kI ho, yA bahuta mUlya kI ho, choTI (aNa) ho yA bar3I (sthUla) ho, sajIva (sacitta-pazu, pakSI, manuSya Adi) ho athavA nirjIva (vastra-pAtra, AhArasthAnAdi acitta) ho; usake svAmI kI AjJA icchA, yA diye binA tIna karaNa (kRta-kArita-anumodita rUpa) se tathA tIna yoga (mana-vacana-kAyA) se dravya-kSatra-kAla-bhAva se grahaNa na karanA adattAdAna viramaNa (acaurya) mahAvrata kahalAtA hai| adatta ke pA~ca prakAra (1) deva-adatta-tIrthaMkara deva kI jisa vastu (sAdhuveSa, AcAra Adi) kI AjJA hai, usakA ullaMghana karake manamAnA veSa, AcAra-vicAra-prarUpaNa Adi karanA devaadatta hai, athavA jo vastu vyavahAra meM kisI ke svAmitva yA adhikAra kI nahIM hai, usa vastu kA mAlika zakra-devendra yA koI deva hotA hai, jaise-sthaNDila bhUmi yA mArga kI reta Adi / ukta deva kI AjJA ke binA lenA bhI deva adatta hai| . (2) guru-adatta-apane se dIkSA paryAya meM jyeSTha (sAdhu athavA guru yA AcAryAdi bar3e sAdhu 'guru' kahalAte haiN| unakI vastra, pAtra, AhAra-pAnI, sthAna Adi tathA svAdhyAya-dhyAnAdi pravattiyoM ke viSaya meM anujJA na lenA yA unakI AjJA kA ullaMghana karanA guru-adatta hai / (3) rAjA-adatta-jisa deza, prAnta yA janapada kA jo zAsanakartA ho, usakI usa kSetra meM vicaraNa karane yA rahane kI AjJA lenI sAdhaka ke lie anivArya hai| zAsaka kI AjJA na lenA, rAjA-adatta hai| 1 savvAo AdiNNAdANAo veramaNa /
Page #213
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ guru svarUpa : 145 .(4) gRhapati-adatta-jisa gRhastha ke svAmitva kA makAna, vastra, yA sAdhu ke lie grAhya koI bhI vastu ho to usakI AjJA yA svIkRti sammati; ke binA grahaNa karanA-gRhapati-adatta hai, athavA svAmi-adatta hai| sabhI apane-apane zarIra yA aMgopAMga ke svAmo haiM, isalie svAmi-adatta kA yaha artha bhI hai, ki kisI jIva kI binA anumati-sammati ke usakA zarIra, yA aMgopAMga ko kATanA, prANa haraNa kara lenA yA apaharaNa krnaa| / (5) sAmi-adatta-sAdhu ke usI saMgha yA anya gaccha gaNa yA saMgha meM jitane bhI sAdhu-sAdhvI haiM, ve saba sAdharmI haiN| sAdharmI cAra taraha se hote haiM-veSa se, kriyA se, sampradAya se yA dharma se| ina cAroM prakAra ke sArmikoM meM paraspara eka dUsare ke upakaraNoM, vastra-pAtroM yA anya vastuoM ko unakI anamati yA icchA ke binA grahaNa karanA sArmi-adatta hai| ina sabakA adatta (binA anamati ke) grahaNa karanA adattAdAna hai / tRtIya mahAvrata kI pA~ca bhAvanAyeM (1) anuvIci-avagraha yAcana -sadaiva dravya, kSetra, kAla kI maryAdA ke anusAra samyak vicAra karake upayoga ke lie Avazyaka strI-pazu-napusaka rahita zuddha, nirdoSa, sacitta pRthvI-jalAdi sthAvara-trasajIvarahita avagraha sthAna kI yAcanA krnaa| (2) abhIkSNa-avagraha-yAcana-sacitta (ziSya Adi), acitta (taNa sthAna Adi) tathA mizra (upakaraNa sahita ziSya Adi) ke jo-jo svAmI (rAjA, gRhapati, zayyAtara Adi) hoM, unase eka bAra grahaNa karane ke bAda usake svAmI ne vApisa le liyA ho yA use sauMpa diyA gayA ho, kintu rogAdi kAraNavaza vizeSa Avazyaka hone para usake svAmI se bAra-bAra AjJA lekara aisI maryAdA se grahaNa karanA, tAki use kleza na hone paae| (3) avagrahAvadhAraNa-nirdoSa sthAna usake svAmI yA adhikRta naukara * Adi kI AjJA se grahaNa karanA, yAcanA karate samaya hI avagraha kA parimANa 'nizcita kara lenA avagrahAvadhAraNa hai / AjJA lI jAne para sAdhu ke lene yogya jo padArtha pahale se par3e hoM, (kaMkara Adi) unheM hI grahaNa krnaa| 11 jaina tattva prakAza meM adatta ke 4 bheda batAe haiN| ve isa prakAra haiM-(1) svAmI# adatta (2) jIva-adatta, (3) tIrthaMkara-adatta aura (4) guru-adatta / -jaina tattva prakAza pR0 126
Page #214
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 146 : jaina tattvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA (4) sArmika-avagraha yAcana-eka sAtha rahane vAle sAdharmo (sAMbhogika) sAdhuoM ke vastra-pAtra Adi unakI AjJA lekara grahaNa karanA athavA apane se pahale dUsare kisI sAdharmI sAdhu ne koI sthAna mA~gakara le rakhA ho aura usI sthAna ko upayoga meM lAne kA prasaMga A jAe to usa sAmika se sthAna kI yAcanA karanA sArdhAmaka-avagraha-yAcana hai| (5) anujJApita pAna-bhojana-vidhipUrvaka lAye hue AhAra, vastra Adi kA upabhoga guru Adi jyeSTha muni kI AjJA ke binA na karanA, anujJApita pAna-bhojana hai|' isake atirikta guru, vRddha, rogI, tapasvI, jJAnI aura navadIkSita muni kI vaiyAvRtya karanA; kyoMki vaiyAvatya se tapa hotA hai, jo dharma (kartavya) kA rUpa hai / kartavya se jI curAnA bhI adattAdAna hai| usase virata honA caahie| ___ AcArya zrI ina saba prakAra ke adattAdAna kA mana, vacana, kAyA tathA kRta-kArita-anumoditarUpa se tyAga karate haiM / caturtha-brahmacarya mahAvrata isakA zAstrIya nAma 'sarva-maithunaviramaNa mahAvrata' hai / arthAt-devI, mAnuSI aura tiryaJcI ke sAtha tIna karaNa tIna yoga se sarva prakAra se maithuna sevana kA tyAga karanA maithunaviramaNa mahAvrata hai| yaha isakA niSedhAtmakarUpa hai| isakA vidheyAtmakarUpa hai-mana, vacana, kAyA se kRta-kArita-anumoditarUpa se pUrNa brahmacarya kA pAlana karanA brahmacaryamahAvrata hai| caturtha mahAvrata kI pA~ca bhAvanAe~ (1) strIpazupaNDakasevita (saMsakta) zayanAsanavarjanatA-strI, pazu aura 1 bAvazyakazUtra meM tRtIya mahAvrata kI pA~ca bhAvanAoM kA krama isa prakAra hai (1) uggaha aNuNNAvaNayA, (2) uggahasImajANaNayA, (3) sayameva uggahANugiNhaNayA, (4) aNuNNaviyaparibhujaNayA, (5) sAhAraNabhattapANa aNu NNAviyapaDibhujaNayA / 1 jana tatva prakAza meM pAMca bhAvanAoM kA krama isa prakAra hai-(1) 'miuggahajAtI' bhAvanA, (2) 'aNuNNaviyapANabhoyaNa' bhAvanA (3) 'uggahaMsi uggahisaMti' bhAvanA, (4) 'uggahaM vA uggahaMsi abhikkhaNa' bhAvanA aura (5) aNuNNaviya miuggahaMjAtI bhaavnaa| -jaina tattva prakAza pR0 125 3 'pavAo mehuNAlo veramaNa / '
Page #215
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ guru svarUpa : 147 napusakasevita sthAna, zayana aura Asana se kAmoddIpana kI saMbhAvanA rahatI hai, ataH unakA tyAga krnaa| (2) rAgayuktastrIkathAvarjanatA-strI ke hAva-bhAva, vilAsa aura zRgAra Adi kI kAma-rAgavaddhaka bAteM yA kathAe~ na karanA; na hI striyoM meM baiThakara kathA karanA anyathA strIkathA karane se kisI bhI samaya usakA mana vicalita hone kI saMbhAvanA hai| (3) manoharaindriyAlokana varjanatA-striyoM kI manorama indriyoM, hAthapaira, netra Adi aMgoM, rUpa, varNa, yauvana, saMsthAna evaM kAmaceSTAoM ko vikAradRSTi se na dekhanA, anyathA kAmoddIpana kI sambhAvanA hai, jisase brahmacaryasamAdhi kA nAza ho sakatA hai| (4) pUrvaratavilAsa (kror3A) ananusmaraNatA brahmacarya svIkAra karane se pUrva ke bhukta yA sAhitya meM paThita bhoga-vilAsoM, kAmaceSTAoM evaM ratikrIr3A Adi kA smaraNa na karanA; kyoMki aisA karane se kAmavikAra jAgRta hogA, brahmacaryarakSA meM bAdhA utpanna hogii| (5) praNotarasa bhojana (AhAra) varjanatA-kAmottejaka, unmAdavaddhaka (mAdaka dravyoM) evaM vikRtivaddhaka (dadhi-dugdha-ghatAdi) sarasa, snigdha evaM svAdiSTa yA maryAdA se adhika khAna-pAna kA tyAga karanA; anyathA kAmavikAra utpanna hone se usakA pariNAma brahmacArI ke lie hitakara nahIM hogaa| - ataH ina pA~ca bhAvanAoM dvArA brahmacaryamahAvrata kI surakSA karanI caahie| brahmacaryavrata ke bhaMga se prAyaH pAMcoM mahAvratoM kA bhaMga ho jAtA hai| isalie brahmacaryamahAvata sAdhu-sAdhvI ke lie sabase mahAn vrata hai| __AcAryazrI maithuna-sevana se sarvathA virata hokara aharniza brahmacarya meM rata rahate haiN| paMcama-aparigraha mahAvrata isakA zAstrIya nAma hai-sarva-parigraha-viramaNa mahAvrata / ' arthAt-- alpa ho yA bahuta, choTA ho yA bar3A, sacitta ho yA acitta, vidyamAna ho 1 savvAo pariggahAo veramaNa /
Page #216
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 148 : jaina tattvakalikA - dvitIya kalikA yA avidyamAna, bAhya ( dravya) ho yA Abhyantara (bhAva) saba prakAra ke parigrahoM kA tIna karaNa tIna yoga se tyAga karanA / jo vastra, pAtra, kambala, pAdaprochana Adi dharmopakaraNa saMyama nirvAha ke lie rakhe haiM, una para bhI mamatAmUrcchA kA tyAga karanA pA~cavA~ sarva parigraha - viramaNa yA aparigraha mahAvrata hai / * paMcama mahAvrata kI pA~ca bhAvanAe~ rAgotpAdaka manojJa zabda, rUpa, rasa, gandha aura sparza para rAga na karanA - na hI lalacAnA tathA dveSotpAdaka amanojJa zabda, rUpa, rasa, gandha aura sparza para dveSa- roSa na karanA, aprasanna na honA, ye hI pA~ca bhAvanAe~ haiM, ' jinakA nAma kramazaH manojJAmanojJa zabda samabhAva, manojJAmanojJa rUpa samabhAva, manojJAmanojJa rasa samabhAva, manojJAmanojJa gandha samabhAva aura manojJAmanojJa sparza samabhAva hai| AcAryazrI bAhyAbhyantara parigrahoM tathA upakaraNa, zarIrAdi, kI mamatA-mUrcchA se dUra rahakara pUrNataH aparigraha mahAvrata kA pAlana karate haiM / paMcavidha - AcAra- pAlana samartha AcArya pA~ca prakAra ke AcAra kA pratyeka paristhiti meM pAlana karane meM samartha hote haiM / kaisI bhI vikaTa paristhiti kyoM na ho, ve AcAra maryAdAoM kA prANapraNa se pAlana karate haiM / AcArya ke lie AcAraH prathamo dharma: 4 (AcAra- pAlana yA dharmAcaraNa athavA paMcavidha AcAra prathama dharma ) hotA hai / ve AcaraNIya pA~ca AcAra isa prakAra haiM- (1) jJAnAcAra, (2) darzanAcAra, (3) cAritrAcAra, (4) tapa AcAra aura (5) vIryAcAra / paMcAcAraprapAlaka AcArya pA~coM AcAroM kA niSThApUrvaka pAlana kisa prakAra se karate haiM, isakA kramazaH vizleSaNa nimnokta hai- 1 AvazyakasUtra meM pA~ca bhAvanAoM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM- 'soiMdiyarAgovaraI, cakkhidirAgovaraI, ghANidiyarAgovaraI, jibbhiMdiyarAgovaraI, phAsiMdiyarAgo - varaI / ' 2 tattvArthasUtra a0 7 sU0 3 para vivecana (paM. sukhalAlajI) pR0 169 3 'zAstra meM bAhya parigraha 14 prakAra ke tathA Abhyantara parigraha bhI 14 prakAra ke batAye haiM tathA zarIra, karma aura upadhi ye trividha parigraha bhI haiM / ' 4 manusmRti
Page #217
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ guru svarUpa : 141 jJAnAcAra- pAlana jJAnAcAra kA artha hai - jJAna ko AcaraNa meM lAnA, AcArarUpa meM utAranA / jJAna ko kevala baghArane yA dimAga meM ThUMsa lene kA nAma jJAnAcAra nahIM hai, apitu jJAna-prApti, AdhyAtmika, saiddhAntika evaM zAstrIya jJAna kI upalabdhi ke lie yathAsambhava upAyoM se prayatna karanA; jJAnArAdhanA ke lie jo bhI tapa, japa, vinaya, svAdhyAya, dhyAna, kAyotsarga Adi karanA par3e karanA; jJAnArjana karane-karAne ke lie niSThApUrvaka puruSArtha karanA; jJAna aura jJAna ke sAdhanoM tathA jJAnI puruSoM kI AzAtanA na karanA, balki vinayabahumAna karanA; jJAna evaM jJAnI ke prati vinIta rahanA; tIrthaMkaroM dvArA upadiSTa evaM gaNadharoM tathA AcAryoM dvArA racita zAstroM evaM granthoM kA paThanapAThana karanA; saMgha meM jJAna pracAra-prasAra ke lie prayatna karanA Adi jJAnAcAra hai / vastutaH kisI bhI heya - upAdeya vastu ko tyAgane - grahaNa karane se pUrva usakA svarUpa jAnanA Avazyaka hotA hai, tatpazcAt upAdeya vastu kA jJAna hone para use AcaraNa meM lAne yA use pAne kA upAya jAnanA Avazyaka hotA hai / isa dRSTi se bhI jJAna AcaraNIya - ArAdhanIya vastu hai / samyagjJAna hI sAdhaka ke janma-janmoM ke karmabandhanoM ko kATa sakatA hai, mukti prApta karA sakatA hai / jJAnAgni hI samasta karmoM ko bhasma kara sakatI hai / ajJAna, moha evaM rAga-dva eSa ko dUra karane ke lie jJAna hI sarvazreSTha upAya hai / " AcArya mahArAja jJAnasampanna hokara jJAna kI svayaM ArAdhanA karate haiM, dUsaroM ko bhI jJAnasampanna banAne kA prayatna karate haiM / jJAna ke ATha AcAra zAstra meM jJAna prApti ke lie aSTavidha AcAra - maryAdAoM kA pAlana batAyA hai - ve ATha jJAnAcAra ye haiM - (1) kAla, (2) vinaya, (3) bahumAna, (4) upadhAna, (5) anihnava, (6) vyaJjana, (7) artha aura (8) tadubhaya / (1) kAla - jJAnArjana ke lie divasa aura rAtri ke prathama aura 1 (ka) jJAnAgniH sarvakarmANi bhasmasAt kurute'juna ! - gItA, a0 4 zloka 37 'nANassa savvasta pagAsaNAe, annANamohassa vivajjaNAe / - uttarA0 a0 32 gA. 2
Page #218
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ . 150 : jaina tatvakalikA--dvitIya kalikA antima cAra prahara meM kAlika evaM anya kAla meM utkAlika zAstroM kA mUlaartha sahita svAdhyAya (adhyayana-adhyApana) asvAdhyAya (asvAdhyAya ke nimitta) doSoM ko varjita karate hue svAdhyAyakAla meM karanA / dUsare zabdoM meM yathoktakAla meM jJAnArjana krnaa|| (2) vinaya-vinayapUrvaka jJAnArjana karanA vinayAcAra hai / jJAna aura jJAnI ke prati zraddhA rakhakara jJAnadAna meM nimitta zAstroM evaM granthoM ko nIce evaM apavitra sthAna meM na rakhanA, jJAnI ko apane se nIce Asana para na biThAnA, na hI unakI AzAtanA karanA, jJAnI kI AjJA evaM sevA meM rahakara unheM yathocita AhAra, vastra, pAtra, sthAna Adi ke dvArA sAtA pahu~cAnA, ve jaba zAstra kA vyAkhyAna kareM taba zraddhA, Adara aura ekAgratA ke sAtha unake vacanoM ko tathya kahakara svIkAra karanA / (3) bahumAna-guru Adi jJAnadAtA kA bahumAna-sammAna karanA, zAstrokta 33 prakAra kI AzAtanAoM kA tyAga karanA bahumAna-jJAnAcAra (4) upadhAna-zAstrAdhyayana prArambha karane se pUrva aura pazcAta upadhAnatapa (Ayambila Adi zAstravihita tapa) karanA / upadhAna tapovidhipUrvaka zAstrAdhyayana krnaa| ..(5) anihnava-jJAnadAtA choTe hoM yA aprasiddha hoM, unakA nAma yA jJAnadAyaka zAstra yA grantha kA nAma na chipAnA, unakA upakAra na bhUlanA; na hI unake dUsare kisI bar3e aura prasiddha vidvAna yA jJAnadAyaka grantha kA nAma btaanaa| (6) vyaMjana-zAstra ke vyaMjana, svara, gAthA, akSara, pada, anusvAra, visarga, liMga, kAla, vacana Adi jAnakara bhalIbhA~ti samajhakara nyUnAdhika yA viparIta uccAraNa na krnaa| pATha kA vyAkaraNasammata zuddha uccAraNa krnaa| ... (7) arthazAstra kA siddhAntAnusAra jo artha hotA ho, vahI artha kare, viparIta yAM manamAnA artha na kare / na hI sahI artha ko chipaave| (8) tadubhaya-mUla pATha aura artha meM vyatyaya (viparItakrama) na kre| pUrNa zuddha aura yathArtha pATha tathA usakA artha par3he-par3hAve, sune-sunAve / ' 1 'kAleviNae bahumANe, uvahANe taha ya'NiNhavaNe / - baMjaNa-attha-tadubhae, aTThaviho nnaannmaamaaro||'
Page #219
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ guru svarUpa : 15 darzanAcAra-pAlana darzana ke ATha AcAra darzana ke ATha AcAra vastutaH samyagdarzana kI vizuddhi aura dRr3hatA ke ATha AcAra haiM / darzana zabda kA artha yahA~ dekhanA nahIM, kintu dRSTi, ruci, zraddhA yA pratIti hai| tattvabhUta padArthoM para zraddhAna karanA athavA padArtha kA jaisA svarUpa hai, usa para usI rUpa se zraddhA karanA samyagdarzana hai| mithyAdarzana isase viparIta hotA hai| satya ko mithyArUpa meM dekhanA, mithyA zraddhA, viparIta pratIti yA pratikUla ruci karanA mithyAdarzana hai| AcAryazrI meM mithyAdarzana bilakula nahIM hotaa| unakA samyagdarzana bhI ATha aMgoM yA guNoM se paripuSTa hotA hai| isalie ve svayaM to samyagdarzanasampanna hote hI haiM, dUsaroM ko bhI samyagdarzana se yukta banAte haiN| samyagdarzana ke ATha AcAra athavA AcaraNIya guNa ATha hote haiN| ve isa prakAra haiM-(1) niHzaMkita, (2) niSkAMkSita, (3) nirvicikitsA, (4) amUDhadRSTi, (5) upabRhaNa, (6) sthirIkaraNa, (7) vAtsalya aura (8).prbhaavnaa|' ye ATha aMga darzana ko AcaraNa meM lAne ke lie ATha prakAra ke prayatna haiM, jo darzana ko samyaka, prazasta evaM sudRr3ha banAte haiN| inakA kramazaH vizleSaNa isa prakAra hai (1) niHzaMkita-apanI alpa buddhi evaM alpajJatA ke kAraNa zAstra meM ullikhita tattvajJAna kI yA atIndriya padArtha kI bAta samajha meM na Ane para bhI sarvajJa-vacanoM athavA votarAgaprarUpita tattvoM yA siddhAntoM ke prati azradA yA zaMkA na karanA niHzaMkitatA hai / zaMkAgrasta vyakti saMzaya (bhrama), viparyaya aura anadhyavasAya ke cakkara meM par3akara samyagdarzana se vicalita ho jAtA hai, kintu niHzaMkita vyakti saMzayAdi ke cakkara meM na par3akara zAstrajJa puruSoM se samAdhAna prApta karatA hai, haThAgrahI buddhi nahIM rakhatA, atIndriya bAtoM ke viSaya meM vItarAga sarvajJa Apta puruSoM ke vacanoM para zraddhA, pratIti aura ruci rakhatA hai| jisa prakAra ratna ke mUlya se anabhijJa vyakti jauharI ke vacanoM para vizvAsa aura pratIti rakhakara tadanusAra vyavahAra karate haiM, usI 1 nissaMkiya nikkaMkhiya ninvitigicchA amUDhadiTTI ya / uvavUha-thirIkaraNe vacchala-pabhAvaNe aTTha //
Page #220
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 152 : jaina tattvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA prakAra jinokta vacanoM para samyagdarzanasampanna vyakti vizvAsa evaM zraddhA rakhakara calatA hai| vaha jAnatA aura mAnatA hai ki vItarAga sarvajJa Apta puruSa haiM, ve kabhI nyUnAdhika nahIM kaha sakate, na hI kisI ko viparIta va asatya kaha sakate haiM, kyoMki unameM kisI ke prati rAga-dvaSa nahIM hotaa| unake ananta kevalajJAna meM jisa prakAra padArtha pratibimbita hue haiM, usI prakAra unhoMne prakAzita kiye haiN|' isa prakAra kI dRr3ha, niHzaMka zraddhA evaM pratIti rakhanA niHzaMkita AcAra hai| __AcArya niHzaMkita darzanAcAra se sampanna hote haiN| (2) niSkAMkSita-anyatIthikoM-dUsare dharma sampradAyoM yA mithyAmatAvalambiyoM ke ADambara, camatkAra, hastakauzala, pradarzana, mahimApUjA, indriyAkarSaka gAyana-vAdana yA bhogavilAsa ke daura dekhakara usa mata, paMtha, dharma-sampradAya yA tIrtha kA svIkAra karane kI AkAMkSA na karanA aura aisA bhI na kahanA ki aisA apane dharma-sampradAya meM hotA to acchA rahatA; kyoMki ADambara, camatkAra-pradarzana Adi se AtmA kA kalyANa nahIM hotaa| AtmakalyANa to samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritra aura tapa-saMyama se tathA indriyanigraha se hI hotA hai| 13. isa prakAra ke niSkAMkSita AcAra se sampanna AcArya hote haiN| . . (3) nivicikitsA-dharmakaraNI ke phala meM sandeha ko vicikitsA kahate haiM-dharmakriyA ke phala meM sandeha nahIM karanA nirvicikitsA hai| sAdhaka aisA bhAva mana meM bhI na lAe ki mujhe itane-itane varSa tapasyA karate-karate yA amuka dharmAcaraNa karate-karate ho gaye, isakA kucha bhI phala dRSTigocara nahIM huaa| aba Age kyA hone vAlA hai ? itanA kaSTa sahane kA phala kauna jAne milegA yA nahIM? nirvicikitsA se sampanna darzanAcAra vAlA sAdhaka phalAkAMkSA bhI nahIM karatA aura phala ke viSaya meM sandeha bhI nahIM krtaa| jaise urvarA bhUmi meM boyA huA bIja pAnI kA saMyoga milane para kAlAntara meM phaladAyI hotA hai, vaise ho AtmArUpI kSetra meM boyA huA dharmakriyA kA bIja zubhapariNAmarUpI jala kA saMyoga pAkara kAlAntara meM yathAsamaya avazya hI phaladAyI hogA; isa prakAra kI phalAzaMkArahita zraddhA AcAryazrI kI nivicikitsA-darzanAcArasampannatA ko sUcita karatI hai| 1 tameva saccaM nIsaMkaM jaM jiNehiM paveiyaM / - bhagavatIsUtra
Page #221
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ guru svarUpa : 153 (4) amUr3hadRSTi-sabhI devoM, guruoM, dharmoM (mata-paMthoM) ko eka-sA samajhanA devamUr3hatA, gurumUr3hatA, dharmamUr3hatA Adi hai| ina mUr3hatAoM se rahita hokara sarvajJa vItarAga dvArA prarUpita dayAmaya/dharma ko, aThAraha doSarahita arihanta devoM ko tathA paMcamahAvratI nigrantha guru ko hI kramazaH dharma, deva evaM guru samajhanA / apanA ahobhAgya samajhanA ki mujhe uttama deva, guru aura dharma kI prApti huI hai, ina tInoM tattvoM ko yukti, anubhUti aura pratItipUrvaka jAnanA aura mAnanA amUr3hadRSTi hai| ... AcArya isa darzanAcAra se sampanna hote haiN| (5) upabahaNa' - samyagdRSTiAMaura sAdharmI ke sadguNoM kI zuddha mana se prazaMsA karake unake utsAha aura sadguNoM meM vRddhi karanA, unakI sevA zuzraSA evaM dharma-sahAyatA karake unakI dharmaruci ko protsAhana denaa| - AcAryazrI meM upabRhaNa darzanAcAra kUTa-kUTakara bharA hotA hai| (6) sthirIkaraNa-kisI dhArmika puruSa kA citta upasarga Ane se yA anyatIrthikoM ke saMsarga ke kAraNa dharma se vicalita ho rahA ho to use svayaM upadeza evaM preraNA dekara yA kisI prakAra se dharmapAlana meM sahayoga dekara, athavA kisI sadgRhastha se use sahAyatA dilavAkara punaH dharma meM usakA citta yA pariNAma sthira karanA, dharma meM dRr3ha karanA sthirIkaraNa nAmaka darzanAcAra hai| _AcAryazrI to isa sthirIkaraNa darzanAcAra se pada-pada para abhyasta hote haiN| (7) vAtsalya-jaise gAya bachar3e para proti rakhatI hai, usI prakAra svadharmI janoM para prIti rakhanA, rogI, vRddha, tapasvI, jJAnI evaM sthaviroM kI AhAra-pAnI, vastra-pAtra, sthAna Adi se sevA karanA, svadharmI saMgha ko sukhazAnti pahu~cAnA, saMgha para Apatti evaM upasage Ae to svayaM kaSTa sahakara bhI usakA nivAraNa karanA vAtsalya AcAra hai| - AcAryazrI vAtsalya darzanAcAra se sampanna hote haiN| (8) prabhAvanA-AtmA ko samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritrarUpa ratnatraya se prabhAvazIla banAnA Antarika prabhAvanA hai, duSkara kriyA, vratAcaraNa, abhigraha, kavitvazakti, pANDitya, vAdazakti, pravacanazakti Adi dvArA dharma ko dipAnA, bAhya prabhAvanA hai| 1 kahIM isake badale 'upagRhana' zabda bhI hai| jisakA artha hai-sAdhArmikoM kI guhya . bAtoM ko dharyapUrvaka gupta rakhanA, usakA pracAra-prasAra na krnaa| --saM0
Page #222
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 154 : jaina tattvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA AcArya isa prabhAvanAcAra se yukta hote haiM / darzana sambandhI ina ATha AcAroM kA AcAryazrI svayaM pAlana karate haiM aura dUsaroM se pAlana karAte haiN| inake pAlana se AcAryazrI kA samyagdarzana puSTa aura samaddha hotA hai| cAritra AcAra ____jo AtmA ko krodhAdi cAroM kaSAyoM se athavA narakAdi cAroM gatiyoM se bacAkara mokSagati meM pahu~cAtA hai, vaha cAritrAcAra kahalAtA hai / athavA jo ATha karmoM ko care, bhakSaNa (kSaya) kare, aisA AcAra-cAritrAcAra hai| cAritra ke doSoM se yatnapUrvaka bacakara AtmA ko cAritra ke guNoM meM sthira karanA cAritrAcAra kA uddezya hai| cAritra ke ATha AcAra "pA~ca samitiyoM aura tIna guptiyoM meM praNidhAnayoga (mana-vacana-kAyA kI ekAgratA yA upayoga) se yukta honA, yaha aSTavidha cAritrAcAra samajhanA caahie|' pAMca samitiyA~ (1) IryAsamiti-yatanApUrvaka gamanAgamana karanA IryAsamiti hai| isakA pAlana cAra prakAra se hotA hai| (1) Alambana (IryAsamiti yukta . sAdhaka ke lie ratnatraya hI avalambana hai); (2) kAla (dina ko dekhe binA aura rAtri ko laghuzaMkA-bar3IzaMkA Adi ke lie pUje binA gamanAgamana na karanA; sUryAsta ke bAda vihAra na karanA); (3) mArga (unmArga meM athavA dina meM vinA dekhe hue mArga meM gamanAgamana karane se jIvoM kI virAdhanA hotI hai, aisA samajhakara aise mArga meM gamanAmagamana na karanA / ) (4) yatanA (cAra prakAra se-dravya se-bhUmi dekhakara calanA, kSetra se-gAr3I kI dhUsarI-pramANa 3 // hAtha bhUmi dekhakara calanA, kAla se-dina ko dekhakara aura rAtri ko pUjakara gamanAgamana karanA aura bhAva se-mArga meM gamana karate samaya zabda, rUpa, rasa, gandha aura sparza ke viSayoM meM pravRtta na ho tathA vAcanA, pacchA, paryaTanA, anuprekSA aura dharmakathA, isa pA~ca prakAra ke svAdhyAya meM bhI pravRtta na ho)| 1 paNihAyajogajutto paMca samiIhiM tihiM guttehiM / . esa carittAyAro aTThaviho hoi nAyavvo //
Page #223
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ guru svarUpa : 155 (2) bhASAsamiti--yatanApUrvaka bolnaa| bhASAsamiti kA pAlana 4 prakAra se kiyA jAtA hai| dravya se-karkaza, kaThora, hiMsAkArI, chedaka, bhedaka, pIDAkArI, sAvadha, mizra, krodhakAraka, mAnakAraka, mAyAkAraka, lobhakAraka, rAga-dvaSakAraka, mukhakathA (aprItikArI sunI-sunAI bAta), cAra prakAra kI vikathA yoM 16 prakAra kI bhASA na bolnaa| kSetra se--mArga meM calate samaya vArtAlApa na karanA, kAla se-eka pahara rAtri vyatIta ho jAne ke pazcAt jora-jora se ucca svara se na bolanA / bhAva se-rAga-dvaSarahita anukUla, satya, tathya, zuddha vacana bolnaa| (3) eSaNA samiti-zayyA (sthAna), vastra, pAtra, AhAra Adi kI gaveSaNA, grahaNaSaNA aura paribhogaiSaNA karake doSa rahita sevana karanA eSaNAsamiti hai| isake pAlana ke cAra prakAra haiM-dravya se-47'doSoM (42 AhAra ke aura pA~ca maNDala ke), athavA inake sahita 66 doSoM se rahita zayyA, AhArAdi kA upabhoga karanA, kSetra se-do kosa se Age AhAra-pAnI le jAkara sevana na karanA, kAla se-prathama prahara meM lAyA huA AhArAdi antima (cauthe) pahara meM sevana na karanA aura bhAva se-saMyojanA Adi maNDala ke pA~ca doSoM se dUra rahakara AhArAdi kA upabhoga karanA / vidhipUrvaka yathAprApta AhArAdi meM saMtoSa karanA, AhArAdi para rAga-dvoSa na krnaa| (4) AdAna-bhANDamAtra nikSepaNA samiti-upakaraNoM ko yatanApUrvaka uThAnA aura rakhanA / upakaraNa do prakAra ke hote haiM-avagrahika (sadA upayoga meM Ane vAle, jaise-rajoharaNa, mukhavastrikA Adi) aura aupagrahika (prayojanavaza upayoga meM Ane vAle jaise--paTTA, caukI aadi)| jo bhI upakaraNa apane nizrAya meM hoM, unakA pratilekhana-pramArjana karanA tathA mamatva rahita hokara upayoga karanA yA rakhanA isa samiti kA uddezya hai| isa samiti ke pAlana ke cAra prakAra haiM-dravya se-bhANDa, upakaraNa yatanApUrvaka grahaNa kare, rakhe, vyartha hI jora-jora se paTaka kara tor3e-phor3e nhiiN| kSetra se-gRhastha ke ghara meM rakhakara grAmAnugrAma vihAra na kare, kyoMki aisA karane se pratilekhanAdi nahIM ho paatii| kAla se-ubhayakAla vastra-pAtrAdi kI pratilekhanA vidhipUrvaka kre| bhAva se upakaraNoM ko bikherakara na rakhe, jo upakaraNa rakhe, usa para bhI mamatA-mUrchA na kre| (5) pariSThApanikA samiti-uccAra (bar3I zaMkA), prasravaNa (laghuzaMkApezAba), prasveda, (pasInA), maila, kAna-nAka kA maila, vamana, kapha, bAla, bhuktazeSa jalAdi, mRtakazarora Adi anupayogI vastuoM kA yatanApUrvaka pariSThApana karanA-DAlanA paMcama samiti hai| cAra prakAra se isakA pAlana
Page #224
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 156 : jaina tattvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA hotA hai-dravya se-dasa bola varjita karake pariThAve, arthAt-viSama, dagdha, bila, gaDDhA aprakAzita Adi sthAnoM meM na pariThAve / kSetra se-pariSThApana sthAna ke svAmI kI yA svAmI na ho to zakendramahArAja kI AjJA lekara ukta vastuoM ko prtthe| kAla se-dina meM jagaha ko bhalIbhA~ti dekhakara tathA rAtri ko pUja kara paraThe / bhAva se-zuddha upayoga sahita prtthe| paraThane jAte samaya 'Avassahi-Avassahi' kahe, paraThane ke bAda tIna bAra 'vosire-vosire' kahe / sthAna para Akara IriyAvAhiyA kA pratikramaNa kre|| tIna guptiyA~ (1) manogupti-mana ko Arambha, saMraMbha aura samArambha meM, paMcendriyaviSayoM meM, kaSAyoM meM pravRtta hone se rokanA tathA AttadhyAna aura raudradhyAna se haTAkara dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna meM lagAnA pApamaya-sAvadya cintanamanana se mana ko rokanA manogupti hai| manogapti se. azubha karma Ate hae rukate haiM (saMvara hotA hai), mana para saMyama aura niyaMtraNa karane se karmabandha rukatA hai, AtmA kI nirmalatA bar3hatI hai| (2) vacanagupti-Arambha-samArambha Adi meM pravRtta karane vAle sAvadya vacanoM kA tyAga karake hita, mita, tathya, pathya, satya evaM niravadya (nirdoSa) vacana bolanA, prayojana na hone para mauna rakhanA vacanagupti hai| vacanagupti kA pAlana karane se sAdhaka anAyAsa hI aneka doSoM se baca jAtA hai| (3) kAyagupti--kAyA ko Arambha, saMrambha aura samArambha kI pravatti se, sAvadya kAryoM se, pApakarmoM meM pravRtta hone se rokanA aura samatA bhAva, tapa, saMyama, jJAnArjana Adi saMvara-nirjarAjanaka kAryoM meM pravRtta karanA kAyagupti hai|' . isa prakAra pA~ca samitiyA~ aura tIna guptiyA~ milakara ATha prakAra se mana-vacana-kAyA ko lagAnA tathA azubha se nivRtti aura zubha meM pravRtti karanA, AtmasvarUpa meM ramaNa karanA aSTavidha cAritrAcAra hai| / AcArya mahArAja ina AThoM (aSTapravacanamAtA) kA nirdoSarUpa se svayaM pAlana karate haiM aura saMghasthita sAdhu-sAdhviyoM se pAlana karAte haiN| tapAcAra AtmA ATha karmoM se malina banatI hai, use zuddha karane ke lie tapa 1 dekheM-uttarAdhyana sUtra 24vA~ 'pavayaNamAyA' adhyayana
Page #225
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ guru svarUpa : 157 utkRSTa sAdhana hai| vidhipUrvaka tapasyA se karmoM kI nirjarA (ekadeza se kSaya) hotI hai| jisa prakAra miTTI Adi milA huA sonA agni meM tapAne se zuddha ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra tapazcaryArUpI agni meM tapakara karmamala se malina AtmA zuddha ho jAtA hai, vaha apane vAstavika svarUpa ko prApta kara letA hai| tapa ke bAraha AcAra ___ uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM tapa ke bheda-prabhedoM kA varNana isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai| mukhya rUpa se tapa do prakAra kA hai-bAhya aura Abhyantara / bAhya tapa chaha prakAra kA hai--(1) anazana, (2) UnodarI (avamaudarya), (3) bhikSAcarI (yA vRttiparisaMkhyAna), (4) rasa parityAga, (5) kAyakleza aura (6) pratisaMlInatA (yA viviktshynaasn)|' - Abhyantara tapa bhI chaha prakAra kA hai--(1) prAyazcitta, (2) vinaya, (3) vaiyAvatya, (4) svAdhyAya, (5) dhyAna aura (6) vyutsarga (athavA kaayotsrg)| - bAhya-tapa kI apekSA Abhyantara tapa se karmoM kI adhika nirjarA hotI hai| bAhya tapa prAyaH pratyakSa hote haiM aura Abhyantara tapa prAyaH gupta yA parokSa hote haiN| chaha prakAra ke bAhya tapa kI vyAkhyA isa prakAra hai(1) anazana tapa azana (anna), pAna (jalAdi peya vastu), khAdya (pakvAnna, mevA, miSTAnna Adi) aura svAdya (mukha ko suvAsita karane vAle ilAyacI, supArI Adi) cAroM prakAra ke padArtha 'azana' zabda se gRhIta hote haiN| ye cAroM prakAra ke yA 'pAna' ko chor3akara tInoM prakAra ke AhAra kA tyAga karanA 'anazana' tapa kahalAtA hai| anazana tapa mukhyatayA do prakAra kA hai-itvarika (kAla kI maryAdAyukta anazana) aura yAvatkathika (jIvanaparyanta kiyA jAnA vAlA anazana / ) 1 (ka) anazanAvamaudarya-vRttiparisaMkhyAna-rasaparityAga-viviktazayanAsana kAyaklezA bAhya tapaH / -tattvArthasUtra a06 sUtra 16 (kha) uttarAdhyanasUtra a0 30 gA0 7 se 36 taka
Page #226
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 158 : jaina tattvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA itvarika anazana tapa chaha prakAra kA hai-(1) zreNItapa, (2) pratara. tapa, (3) ghanatapa, (4) vargatapa, (5) vargAvargatapa aura (6) prakIrNakatapa / . zreNItapa-caturthabhakta (upavAsa), SaSThabhakta (belA), aSTamabhakta (telA), colA, paMcaulA, yoM kramazaH bar3hate-bar3hate pakSopavAsa, mAsopavAsa (mAsakhamaNa), do mAsa, tIna mAsa yAvat SaTmAsopavAsa karanA zreNI tapa kahalAtA hai| prataratapa-kramazaH 1, 2, 3, 4, 2, 3, 4, 1, 3, 4, 1, 2, 4, 1, 2, 3; ityAdi aMkoM ke kramAnusAra tapa karanA prataratapa hai| ghanatapa-848=64 koSThaka meM Ane vAle aMkoM ke anusAra tapa karanA ghanatapa hai| vargatapa-64464=4066 koSThakoM meM Ane vAle aMkoM ke anusAra tapa karanA vargatapa hai| vargAvargatapa-406644066=16777216 koSThakoM meM Ane vAle aMkoM ke anusAra tapa karanA vargAvargatapa hai| prakIrNakatapa-kanakAvalI, ratnAvalI, muktAvalI, ekAvalI, bRhatsiMha- . krIr3ita, laghusiMha-krIr3ita, guNaratnasaMvatsara, vajramadhya pratimA, yavamadhya pratimA, sarvatobhadra pratimA, mahAbhadra pratimA, bhadrapratimA, Ayambila vardhamAna ityAdi tapa prakIrNaka tapa kahalAte haiN| yAtvakathika tapa-mAraNAntika upasarga Ane para, asAdhya roga ho jAne para yA bahuta adhika jarAjIrNa avasthA ho jAne para jaba Ayu kA anta nikaTa pratIta ho, taba jIvana-paryanta ke lie anazana karanA yAvatkathika tapa hai| isake mukhya do bheda haiM-bhakta pratyAkhyAna aura pAdopagamana / ina donoM 'tapoM ko jaina bhASA meM 'saMthArA karanA' bhI kahate haiN| (2) UnodarI (avamaudarya) tapa AhAra, upadhi aura kaSAya ko nyUna (kama) karanA UnodarI tapa hai| UnodarI do prakAra kI hai-dravya-UnodarI aura bhaav-uunodrii| . vastra, pAtra Adi kama rakhanA tathA AhAra kama karanA, dravya-UnodarI hai aura krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, rAga-dvaSa, capalatA Adi doSoM ko kama karanA bhAva-UnodarI hai| dravya-bhAva UnodarI se pramAda kama ho jAtA hai, tana aura mana svastha hotA hai, buddhi, smRti, dhRti, sahiSNutA Adi bar3hatI hai|
Page #227
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ guru svarUpa : 156 (3) bhikSAcarI - tapa bahuta gharoM se thor3I-thor3I sAmudAnika (sAmUhika) bhikSA lAkara apane zarIra kA nirvAha karanA, saMyamayAtrA calAnA bhikSAcarI tapa hai / jaise- gAya jaMgala meM jAkara jar3a se na ukhAr3akara Upara-Upara kA thor3A-thor3A ghAsa cara kara apanA nirvAha karatI hai, vaise hI bhikSu apane niyamAnusAra eka hI ghara se sArA AhAra na lekara aneka gharoM se thor3A-thor3A AhAra lekara apanA jIvana nirvAha karate haiM / isIlie sAdhu kI bhikSA ko ' gocarI' bhI kahate haiM / jaise bhauMrA bagIce meM lage hue aneka phUloM se thor3A-thor3A rasa lekara apanI tRpti kara letA hai / isase phUloM ko tanika bhI kaSTa nahIM pahu~catA, isI prakAra sAdhu bhI, gRhasthoM ke dvArA unake apane nimitta se banAye hue AhAra meM se thor3A-thor3A lekara apanI tRpti kara letA hai, isase gRhasthoM ko bhI kisI prakAra kI kaThinAI nahIM hotI / isIlie ise mAdhukarI' bhI kahate haiM / bhikSAcaryA ke dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva se cAra prakAra haiM / dravya se bhikSAcaryA ke 26 abhigraha hote haiM, kSetra se 8 abhigraha, kAla se aneka prakAra abhigraha aura bhAva se bhI aneka prakAra ke abhigraha (saMkalpa) hote haiM / gRhasthoM ke lie bhikSAcarI tapa ke badale 'vRttiparisaMkhyAna tapa' batAyA gayA hai / vRttiparisaMkhyAna kA artha hai - Avazyaka AhArya dravyoM kI parisaMkhyA - ginatI rakhanA, isase vividha khAdya vastuoM yA anya Avazyaka vastuoM kI lAlasA kama ho jAtI hai| zrAvaka ke dainika cintanIya 14 niyama isI ke hI saMketa haiN| sAtaveM upabhoga paribhoga - parimANavrata meM bhI 26 boloM kI maryAdA kI jAtI hai, lekina vaha yAvajjIvana ke lie hai / (4) rasa- parityAga I jIbha ko svAdiSTa lagane vAlI tathA indriyoM ko prabala evaM utta ejita karane vAlI vastuoM kA tyAga karanA rasa- parityAga tapa hai / tAtparya yaha haisvAdavRtti ko jItanA isa tapa kA uddezya hai / isa tapa ke 14 prakAra haiM (1) nivikRtika (nivigas) tapa - dUdha, dahI, ghI, tela aura miThAI ina pAMcoM vikRtivaddha ke padArthoM (vigaiyoM) kA tyAga karanA / 1 vayaM ca vittiM labbhAmo Na ya koi uvahammai / ahAgaDesu rIyaMte, puphphesu bhamaro jahA || - dazave. a0 1 gA0 4 --
Page #228
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 160 : jaina tattvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA (2) praNItarasaparityAga-dhAra se vigai (ghI, tela, dUdha Adi vikRti) na lenA, yA Upara se vigai na lenaa| .. (3) AcAmasikthabhoga tapa-osAmaNa meM nikale anAja ke sIjhe hue dAne khaanaa| (4) arasa AhAra-sarasa aura masAledAra AhAra na krnaa| (5) virasa AhAra-purAnA pakA (sIjhA) huA dhAna lenA / (6) anta-AhAra-maTara, bhIge cane, gehU~ kI gUgarI yA ur3ada ke bAkale lenaa| (7) prAnta AhAra-ThaMDA-bAsI AhAra (jo rasacalita na huA ho) . lenA / (8) rUkSa-AhAra-rUkhA-sUkhA AhAra lenA / .. (6) tuccha AhAra-jalI huI khuracana Adi lenaa| (10 se 14 taka) arasa, virasa, anta, prAnta evaM rUkSa AhAra kA sevana krnaa| isa prakAra rUkhA-sUkhA Adi AhAra lekara saMyama kA nirvAha karanA rasa-parityAga tapa hai| (5) kAyakleza '... dharma kI ArAdhanA ke lie svecchApUrvaka kAyA ko kaSTa denA kAyakleza tapa kahalAtA hai| isa tapa ke aneka prakAra haiN| yathA-ThANAThitiya-kAyotsarga karake khar3A rahanA; ThANAiya kAyotsarga kiye binA khar3A rahanA; ukkar3AsaNiedonoM ghuTanoM ke bIca meM sira jhukAkara kAyotsarga karanA; paDimAThAie-sAdhu ko bAraha pratimAoM (paDimAoM') ko dhAraNa krnaa| isake atirikta kezaloca karanA, grAmAnugrAma vicaraNa karanA, sardIgarmI sahana karanA, khujalI Ane para khujalAnA nahIM, rugNa sAdhu kI vaiyAvatya ke lie rAtri jAgaraNa karanA, bhUkha-pyAsa kA kaSTa sahanA Adi saba kAyakleza tapa ke antargata haiN| 1 bAraha bhikSupratimAoM kA varNana dekhiye 'zramaNasUtra' nava-saMskaraNa pR09266 / -dazA taskandha, Avazyaka haribhadrIya TIkA
Page #229
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ (6) pratisaMlInatA - tapa indriya, zarIra, mana aura vacana se vikAroM ko utpanna na hone dekara unheM AtmA - AtmasvarUpa meM saMlIna karanA athavA kamastrava ke kAraNoM kA nirodha karanA pratisaMlInatA hai guru svarUpa : 161 isake cAra prakAra haiM (1) indriya-pratisaMlInatA -rAga-dveSa paidA karane vAle zabdoM ke sunane se kAnoM ko rokanA, rUpa dekhane se A~khoM ko rokanA, gandha se nAka ko, rasa se jihvA ko aura sparza se zarIra ke aMgopAMgoM ko rokanA; aura kadAcit ina zabdAdi viSayoM kI prApti ho to mana meM vikAra utpanna na hone denA, samabhAva - saMtulana rakhanA / (2) kaSAya- pratisaMlInatA - kSamA se krodha kA, vinaya se mAna kA, saralatA se mAyA kA aura saMtoSa se lobha kA nigraha karanA / (3) yoga - pratisaMlInatA - asatya aura mizra mana-vacana kA tyAga karake satya mana-vacana yogoM tathA vyavahAra mana-vacana yogoM kA yathocita prayoga tathA audArika, audArika mizra, vaikriyayoga, vaikriyamizrayoga, AhArakayoga, AhArakamizrayoga aura kArmaNayoga; ina sAtoM kAyayogoM ko azubha se nivRtta karake zubha meM pravRtta karanA yogaprati saMlInatA hai / karanA (4) vivikta zayyAsana - pratisaMlInatA - vATikA meM, bagIce meM, udyAna meM, yakSa Adi ke devasthAna meM, pAnI pilAne kI pyAU meM, dharmazAlA meM, lohAra * Adi kI hATa meM vaNik kI dUkAna meM, zreSThI kI havelI meM, dhAnya ke khAlI koThAra meM, sabhAsthAna meM, parvata kI guphA meM, rAjasabhA meM, chatariyoM meM, zmazAna meM aura vRkSa ke nIce Adi ina aThAraha prakAra ke sthAnoM meM jahAM strI-pazu-paNDaka ke nivAsa se rahita sthAna ho, vahA~ kama se kama eka rAtri aura adhika se adhika yathocita kAla taka rahanA / chaha prakAra ke Abhyantara tapa kI vyAkhyA isa prakAra hai (7) prAyazcitta - tapa pApoM kI vizuddhi athavA pApayukta paryAya kA chedana karanA prAyazcitta hai / 1 (ka) prAyaH pApaM vijAnIyAt cittaM tasya vizodhanam / (kha) prAyaH pApaparyAya chinatti iti prAyazcittam /
Page #230
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ .1.62 : jaina tattvakalikA- dvitIya kalikA pApa dasa prakAra se lagate haiM- (1) kandarpa (kAma) ke vaza hone se, (2) pramAda ke vaza, (3) ajJAnavaza, (4) kSadhAvaza, (5) vipatti ke kAraNa, (6) zaMkA ke kAraNa (7) unmAda (pAgalapana yA bhUtAviSTa hone) se, (8) bhaya se, (6) dvaSa se tathA (10) parIkSA karane kI bhAvanA se| prAyazcitta ke dasa bheda (1) AlocanAha-AcAra-vyavahAra meM koI atikrama vyatikrama huA ho, usa doSa kA yathAkrama se guru yA jyeSTha sAdhu ke samakSa nivedana kara dene se anajAna meM lage doSoM kI zuddhi ho jAtI hai| (2) pratikramaNAha-AhAra, vihAra, pratilekhana Adi meM anajAna se jo doSa lagA ho, usakI zuddhi pratikramaNa se ho jAtI hai / (3) tadubhayAha-dvitIya prAyazcitta meM kahe hue kArya karate samaya yadi jAnabUjhakara doSa lagA ho to use guru Adi ke sammukha nivedana karake 'micchAmi dakkaDaM' (merA duSkRta niSphala ho) dene se zuddhi ho jAtI hai| .. (4) vivekAha-azuddha, akalpanIya tathA tIna pahara se adhika rahA huA AhAra paraTha dene se doSazuddhi ho jAtI hai, vaha viveka prAyazcitta hai| (5) vyutsargAI-duHsvapna Adi se hone vAlA pApa kAyotsarga karane se dUra ho jAtA hai| (6) tapasAha-pRthvIkAya Adi sacitta ke sparza ho jAne ke pApa se nivRtta hone ke lie Ayambila, upavAsa Adi karanA tapasAha prAyazcitta hai| (7) chedAha-apavAdamArga kA sevana karane se tathA kAraNavaza jAnabUjhakara doSa lagAne para pAle hue saMyama (dIkSA paryAya) meM se kucha dinoM yA mahInoM ko kama kara denA cheda prAyazcitta hai| (8) mUlAha-jAnabUjhakara hiMsA karane, asatya bhASaNa karane, corI karane, maithuna-sevana karane tathA sonA-ratna Adi parigraha rakhane, athavA rAtribhojana karane para naI dIkSA lenA mUlAI prAyazcitta hai| (9) anavasthita-karatApUrvaka apane yA dUsare ke zarIra para lAThI, mukkA Adi kA prahAra karane para yA garbhapAta karane para, aisA karane vAle sAdhu ko sampradAya se alaga rakhakara aisA ghora tapa karAyA jAe ki vaha uTha-baiTha bhI na sake, phira use naI dIkSA denA anavasthita prAyazcitta hai| (10) pArAJcita-jo sAdhu zAstra ke vacanoM kI utthApanA kare, zAstraviruddha prarUpaNA kare, sAdhvI kA zIlavata bhaMga kare, usakA veSa parivartita karA
Page #231
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ guru svarUpa : 163 kara jaghanya 6 mAsa, utkRSTa 12 varSa taka sampradAya se bAhara rakhakara anavasthita prAyazcitta meM kahe anusAra ghora tapa karavAkara grAma-grAma ghumAkara phira naI dIkSA denA pArAJcitta prAyazcita kahalAtA hai|' (8) vinaya tapa guru Adi paryAyajyeSTha muniyoM kA, vayovRddhoM, guNavRddhoM tathA jJAniyoM kA evaM jJAna-darzana-cAritra kA yathocita zraddhApUrvaka satkAra-sammAna karanA vinayatapa kahalAtA hai| isake 7 bheda haiM--(1) jJAna-vinaya, (2) darzanavinaya, (3) cAritravinaya, (4) manovinaya, (5) vacanavinaya, (6) kAyavinaya aura (7) lokavyavahAra vinaya / inake bheda-prabhedoM kA vizleSaNa isa prakAra hai (1) jJAnavinaya ke pA~ca bheda- (1) autpAtikI Adi nirmala buddhirUpa matijJAnadhAraka kA vinaya karanA, (2) nirmala upayoga vAle zAstrajJa yAnI zru tajJAnI kA vinaya karanA. (3) maryAdApUrvaka indriyoM aura mana kI sahAyatA ke binA rUpI padArthoM ke jJAtA-avadhijJAnI kA vinaya karanA, (4) DhAI dvIpa meM sthita saMjJI jIvoM ke manogata bhAvoM ke jJAtA manaHparyAyajJAnI kA vinaya karanA aura (5) sampUrNa dravya-kSatra-kAla-bhAva ke jJAtA kevalajJAnI kA vinaya krnaa| yaha 5 prakAra kA jJAnavinaya hai| (2) darzanavinaya ke do bheda- (1) zuzrUSAvinaya-zuddha samyagdRSTi (zraddhAvAn) ke Ane para khar3e hokara satkAra karanA, Asana ke lie AmaMtraNa karanA, U~ce sthAna para biThAnA, yathocita vandanA karake guNakIta na karanA, apane pAsa jo uttama vastu ho, use samarpita karanA, yathAzakti yathocita sevAbhakti karanA zuzra SAvinaya hai| (2) anAzAtanAvinaya-arihanta, arihantapraNIta dharma, paMcAcArapAlaka AcArya, zAstrajJa upAdhyAya, vividha sthavira, kula (eka guru kA ziSya samUha), gaNa (sampradAya ke sAdha), sAdhusAdhvo zrAvaka-zrAvikArUpa caturvidha saMgha, zAstrokta zuddha kriyApAlaka, saMbhogI, matyAdi paMcajJAna se yukta jJAnIpuruSa; ina saba (pandraha) kI AzAtanAoM kA tyAga karanA, inako zraddhApUrvaka bhakti, guNAnuvAda krnaa| ___ (3) cAritravinaya ke pA~ca bheda-sAmAyika, chedopasthApanika, parihAra vizuddhi, sUkSma-samparApa aura yathAkhyAta-yaha pA~ca prakAra kA cAritra hai| ina pA~ca prakAra ke cAritra vAloM kA vinaya karanA cAritravinaya hai| 1. antima donoM prAyazcitta isa kAla meM nahIM diye jaate|
Page #232
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 164 : jaina tattvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA - (4) manovinaya-azubha (aprazasta), karkaza, kaThora, chedaka, bhedaka, paritApakara vicAroM se mana ko haTAkara prazasta, komala, dayAyukta, vairAgyamaya vicAra karanA manovinaya hai| (5) vacanavinaya-karkaza, kaThora, chedaka,, bhedaka, paritApakara aura aprazasta vacanoM kA uccAraNa karane se jihvA ko rokakara prazasta vacanoM kA uccAraNa karanA vacanavinaya hai| (6) kAyavinaya-gamanAgamana karate, sote, baiThate-uThate, ullaMghanapralaMghana karate samaya samasta indriyoM ko aprazasta pravattiyoM se rokakara prazasta pravRtti (kArya) meM pravatta karanA kAyavinaya kahalAtA hai| ___ (7) loka-vyavahAravinaya-isake 7 bheda haiM- (1-2) guru aura guNAdhika sArmikoM kI AjJA meM calanA, (3) svadharmI kA kArya karanA, (4) upakArI . ke prati kRtajJa honA, (5) dUsaroM kI cintA dUra karane kA upAya karanA, (6) deza-kAlAnurUpa pravatti karanA, (7) kuzalatA evaM niSkapaTatA ke sAtha sarvajanapriya vyavahAra krnaa|' (e) vaiyAvRtya-tapa - isake dasa prakAra haiM-(1) AcArya, (2) upAdhyAya, (3) zaikSa (navadIkSita), (4) glAna, (5) tapasvI, (6) sthavira, (7) svadharmI, (8) kula (gurubhrAtAvanda), (9) gaNa (eka sampradAya kA sAdha samUha) aura (10) saMgha kA vayAvRtya karanA arthAt-ina sabako AhAra, vastra, pAtra, auSadhopacAra Adi Avazyaka vastu denA-dilAnA, inako jJAnAdi viddhi meM sahayoga denA, paira dabAnA Adi rUpa meM yathAyogya sevA-zuzra SA karanA vaiyAvatya tapa hai| (10) svAdhyAya tapa zAstroM, AdhyAtmika granthoM tathA tattvajJAnaviSayaka pustakoM kA adhyayana-manana karanA svAdhyAya hai|| svAdhyAya-tapa ke 5 bheda haiM-(1) vAcanA, (2) pRcchA, (3) parivartanA (punarAvRtti karanA), (4) anuprekSA - (arthacintana, artha-paramArtha meM upayoga lagAnA), aura dharmakathA (upadeza denaa)| ___ svAdhyAya-tapa se Atmonnati, AtmabhAva-vizuddhi, AtmakalyANa ke sAtha jinokta dharmasaMgha kA abhyudaya, sundara mArgadarzana dvArA saMgha kI unnati Adi mahopakAra hotA hai| 1 tattvArtha sUtra meM cAra prakAra kA vinaya batAyA hai-'jJAna-darzana-cAritropacArAH' -tatvArya0 ma09, sUtra 23
Page #233
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ guru svarUpa : 165 (11) dhyAnatapa ekAgratApUrvaka cintana meM mana kA nirodha karanA-cittavRtti ko ekAgra karanA dhyAna hai|' dhyAna ke mukhya 4 bheda haiM-ArtadhyAna, raudradhyAna, dharmadhyAna aura shukldhyaan| Atta dhyAna aura raudradhyAna ye do dhyAna azubha tathA heya haiM, ina donoM dhyAnoM se AtmA ko bacAnA, mana ko ina donoM dhyAnoM meM pravRtta hone se rokanA, samabhAva meM sthira karanA eka prakAra kA tapa hone se ina donoM ko bhI tapa kahA jA sakatA hai kintu vAstava meM inako na karanA hI tapa mAnA jAnA caahie| Atta dhyAna aura raudradhyAna, ina donoM ke pratyeka ke cAra-cAra prakAra aura cAra-cAra lakSaNa haiN| dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna ye donoM zubha dhyAna haiN| dharmadhyAna ke 4. pAda haiM-AjJAvicaya, apAyavicaya, vipAkavicaya aura sNsthaanvicy| dharmadhyAna ke 4 lakSaNa haiM--AjJAruci, nisargaruci, upadezaruci aura suutrruci| ___dharmadhyAna ke cAra Alambana haiM-vAcanA, pRcchanA, parivartanA aura anuprekssaa| dharmadhyAMna kI 4 anuprekSAe~ haiM-anityAnuprekSA, azaraNAnuprekSA, ekatvAnuprekSA aura sNsaaraanuprekssaa| __zukladhyAna ke cAra pAda haiM--(1) pRthaktvavitarka-savicAra, (2) ekatvavitarka avicAra (3) sUkSmakriyA pratipAtI aura (4) samucchinnakiyA nivRtti| zukladhyAna ke 4 lakSaNa haiM-(1) vivekalakSaNa, (2) vyutsargalakSaNa, (3) avyathalakSaNa aura (4) asammohalakSaNa / zukladhyAna ke cAra Alambana-zAnti, mukti, (nirlobhatA), Arjapa, aura maardv| zukladhyAna kI cAra anuprekSAe~-(1) apAyA'nuprekSA, (2) azubhAnaprekSA (3) anantavartitAnuprekSA aura (4) viprinnaamaanuprekssaa| dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna ke 32 bheda upAdeya haiM, jabaki ArtadhyAna 1 uttamasaMhananasya kAgracintAnirodho dhyAnam / -tattvArtha0 a0 6 sUtra 27
Page #234
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 166 : jaina tattvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA aura raudradhyAna ke 16 bheda heya haiM, kintu ina donoM azubha dhyAnoM ke tyAga ke rUpa meM kathaMcit upAdeya haiN| (12) vyutsarga-tapa tyAjya vastu ko chor3anA vyutsarga tapa hai| vyutsarga tapa ke do bheda haiMdravyavyutsarga aura bhaavvyutsrg| dravyavyutsarga ke cAra prakAra haiM-(1) zarIravyutsarga (zarIra sambandhI mamatva kA tyAga karake zarIra kI vibhUSA aura lAr3a-pyAra na karanA) -(2) gaNavyutsarga (jJAnavAn, kSamAvAn, jitendriya avasarajJa, dhIra, vIra, dRr3ha zarIra vAlA evaM zuddha zraddhAvAn, ina aSTa guNoM kA dhAraka muni, apane guru kI anumati prApta karake viziSTa AtmasAdhanA ke lie gaccha kA tyAga karake ekalavihArI hotA hai / ) (3) upadhi-vyutsarga (vastra-pAtra kA tyAga karanA) aura (4) bhakta-pAna vyutsarga- (navakArasI-paurasI Adi pratyAkhyAna karanA tathA khAne-pIne ke dravyoM kA parimANa krnaa)| bhAvavyutsarga ke tIna bheda haiM- (1) kaSAyavyatsarga (krodhAdi cAroM kaSAyoM ko nyUna karanA), (2) saMsAravyutsarga-(cAra gatirUpa saMsAra ke kAraNoM-cAroM gatiyoM ke zAstrokta kAraNoM kA vicAra karake, unakA tyAga karanA); aura (3) karmavyutsarga-(jJAnAvaraNIya Adi ATha karmoM ke bandha ke kAraNoM para vicAra karake karmabandha ke kAraNoM kA tyAga krnaa)| ___yaha bAraha prakAra ke tapa kA svarUpa hai| ina bAraha prakAra ke tapa kA svarUpa samajhakara ihaloka-paralokAdi kisI bhI laukika AkAMkSA se rahita hokara ekamAtra nijerA ke uddezya se tapazcaraNa karanA tapa-AcAra hai| ___AcArya mahArAja bAraha prakAra ke tapazcaraNa meM svayaM rata rahate haiM, aura dUsaroM ko bhI tapazcaraNa kI preraNA dete haiN| vIryAcAra - samyagjJAna, samyagdarzana aura samyakcAritra tathA samyaktapa ina cAroM mokSa-sAdhanoM meM aharniza puruSArtha karanA, jJAna, dhyAna, tapa, saMyama, sadUpadeza Adi dharmabuddhi ke pratyeka kArya meM udyata rahanA, dharmAcaraNa meM apanA bala, vIrya, puruSArtha aura parAkrama karanA vIryAcAra hai| .AcArya mahArAja AgamavyavahAra, sUtravyavahAra, AjJAvyavahAra, dhAraNA vyavahAra aura jItavyavahAra ina pAMcoM vyavahAroM' ke jJAtA hote haiM aura 1 Agame, sue, ANNA, dhAraNA, jiie| - bhagavatI sUtra
Page #235
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ guru svarUpa : 167 inake anusAra yathAyogya pravRtti karate-karAte haiN| ve samyagdarzanAdi mokSamArga meM aharniza puruSArtha karate haiM aura caturvidha saMgha ko isameM puruSArtha karane kI preraNA dete haiM / ve svayaM tapa, saMyama, jJAna-dhyAna, sadupadeza Adi pratyeka dharmavRddhi ke kArya meM samudyata rahakara mohagrasta manuSyoM ko sAvadhAna aura jAgRta karate hai| unheM bodha dekara dharmapatha para agrasara karate haiN| caturvidha saMgha ko sadbodha dekara dharma aura saMgha kA abhyudaya karate haiN| dharmakArya meM svayaM pravRtta hote haiM aura dUsaroM ko pravRtta karate haiN| isa prakAra AcArya mahArAja pAMca prakAra ke AcAra ke pAlana meM samartha hote haiN| paMca samitiyoM aura triguptiyoM se yukta - isake atirikta AcArya mahArAja pAMca samiti aura tIna guptirUpa aSTa pravacana mAtA ke pakke bhakta evaM niSThAvAna hote haiM / pAMca samitiyoM aura tIna guptiyoM kI vyAkhyA pahale cAritrAcAra meM kI jA cukI hai| usI ke anusAra yahA~ samajha lenA caahie| __ AcAryazrI pUrvokta chattIsa guNoM ( 5 paMca indriyanigraha, 6 brahmacarya kI nava bAr3a, 4 cAra prakAra kI kaSAyoM se mukta 5 paMca mahAvratadhArI, 5 paMcAcAra ke pAlaka aura 8 aSTa pravacana mAtAoM ke ArAdhaka) se yukta hote haiM / AcArya ko chattIsa vizeSatAe~ jinameM nimnokta chattIsa arhatAe~ (guNa) vidyamAna hoM, ve munirAja ho AcArya padavI ke yogya hote haiM, unhIM ke dvArA saMgha kA abhyudaya aura dharma ko pracAra-prasAra hotA hai (1) Aryadezotpanna-yadyapi dharmAcaraNa meM deza-kulAdivizeSa kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI, tathApi Aryadezotpanna mAnava prAyaH sulabhabodhi, dharmasaMskArI aura gAmbhIryAdi guNoM se vibhUSita hotA hai; tathA paramparAgata Aryatva AtmavikAsa meM atyadhika sahAyaka hotA hai| zAstroM meM sAr3he paccIsa Arya dezoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| inameM ho jina, tIrthaMkara, cakravartI, baladeva, vAsudevAdi Arya-zreSTha puruSoM kA janma hotA hai| isIlie inheM Aryadeza kahate haiN| ataH Aryadezotpanna yA dezArya honA AcArya kI prathama arhatA hai| (2) kulasampanna-jisakA pitRpakSa nirmala ho, use kulasampanna kahate
Page #236
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 168 : jaina tatvakalikA--dvitIya kalikA haiN| athavA ise kulArya bhI kaha sakate haiN| kulArya kA artha hai jisakA kula-vaMza paramparA ke zuddha calA A rahA ho / jisa prakAra AcArya kA dezArya honA Avazyaka hai, usI prakAra kulArya (Arya kulotpanna) honA bhI atyAvazyaka hai / kyoMki Arya kuloM meM dharma saMskAra, vinaya, dharmazraddhA, evaM abhakSya padArthoM kA tyAga, Adi guNa svAbhAvika hI hote haiN| (3) jAtisampanna-jisakA jAti (mAta) pakSa nirmala ho use zuddha jAtisampanna kahate haiN| jisa prakAra zuddha bhUmi ke binA bIja bhI puSpita-phalita nahIM ho sakatA; usI prakAra zuddha jAti ke binA bhI prAyaH uccakoTi ke sadguNoM kI prApti kaThina hotI hai; zuddha jAti meM prAyaH lajjA, vinamratA, pApabhIrutA Adi guNa svAbhAvika hote haiM tathA zuddhajAtisampanna vyakti meM aneka duguNa svataH nahIM hote guNoM kI prApti anAyAsa hI ho jAtI hai / ataH AcArya kA jAtisampanna honA Avazyaka hai / (4) rUpasampanna-'yatrAkRtistatra guNA vasanti' isa lokokti ke anusAra jisakI zarIrAkRti ThIka hotI haiM, usameM prAyaH kaI sadguNa bhI hote haiN| susaMsthAnayukta evaM AkRtisampanna puruSa mahAprabhAvaka ho sakatA hai| zarIrasampatti dUsaroM ke mana ko praphullita kara detI hai jaise- kezIkumAra zramaNa ke rUpa ko dekhakara pradezI rAjA aura anAthImuni ke rUpa ko dekhakara magadhasamrATa zreNika Azcaryamagna ho gae aura unake mukha se dharma se otaprota vacana suna kara dharmapatha para A gae the| - isIlie AcArya mahArAja kA zarIra suDaula, sundara aura tejasvI honA cAhie, jisase ve virodhI se virodhI vyakti para bhI prabhAva DAla sake aura use dharmapatha para lA skeN| (5) balasampanna-AcArya mahArAja kA zarIra-saMhanana bhI kAla ke anusAra uttama honA Avazyaka hai / kahAvata hai- 'balavati zarIre balavAnAtmA nivasati'--balavAn zarIra meM hI balavAn AtmA nivAsa karatA hai| jisakA zarIra-sAmarthya ThIka nahIM hogA, vaha adhyayana-adhyApana, tapa, saMyama Adi kI kriyAe~ bhalIbhA~ti nahIM kara sakegA, na hI vahAMzIta-uSNAdi parISaha samabhAvapUrvaka sahana kara skegaa| ataH AcArya meM isa arhatA kA honA atyanta Avazyaka hai| (6) dhRtisampanna-AcArya meM dhairyaguNa kA honA nitAnta Avazyaka hai|
Page #237
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ guru svarUpa : 166 dhairyaguNa se sampanna AcArya saMgha yA gaccha kA bhAra bhalIbhAMti vahana kara sakeMge, saMgha meM kaThora prakRti vAle sAdhuoM ko bhI ve nibhA skeNge| isake atirikta gacchAdhipati AcArya ko nyAya karate samaya svapakSaparapakSa athavA pratipakSI logoM ke tIkhe zabda bhI sunane par3ate haiN| usa samaya AcArya dhairyaguNa vAle hoMge to ve una zabdoM ko samabhAvapUrvaka sahana karake nyAya-mArga se vicalita nahIM hoNge| yadi AcArya meM dhairyaguNa nahIM hogA to ve saMgha-saMcAlana ThIka taraha se nahIM kara sakeMge, ve zIghra hI uttejita hokara pratipakSI ko apanA zatra banA leNge| adhIra aura tunakamijAja vyakti kisI bhI kArya meM saphalatA nahIM prApta kara sakatA / AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke lie bhI AcArya meM dhRtisampannatA honI caahie| (7) anAzaMsI-jo sarasa, svAdiSTa evaM manojJa AhAra-peya Adi kI AzaMsA (AkAMkSA yA AzA) na karatA ho, vaha anAzaMsI hotA hai| jisa sAdhaka meM kisI dhanika yA zAsaka se kisI manojJa vastu ke pAne kI AkAMkSA, apekSA yA AzA hotI hai, athavA adhika lobhasaMjJA yA lolupatA hotI hai, usameM tapa-saMyama kI mAtrA kama ho jAtI hai, pariNAmataH mokSamArga meM vighna upasthita ho jAtA hai| aura phira jaba AcArya svayaM lobha-grasta ho jAegA to vaha apane saMgha ke sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko tapa, saMyama ke vizuddha mArga para kaise lA sakegA ? jo AcArya anAzaMsA guNa se abhyasta hogA, vahI dUsare sAdhakoM ko isa guNa se abhyasta evaM prazikSita kara sakegA / ataeva AcArya kA anAzaMsI honA atyAvazyaka hai| (8) avikatthana-svalpatara aparAdha kA punaH punaH uccAraNa karanA 'vikatthana' hai; usakI punaH punaH raTa na lagAnA, apitu aparAdha kI vizuddhi kA prayatna karanA 'avikatthana' kahalAtA hai / AcArya meM 'avikatthana' guNa avazya honA caahie| ___ daNDanIti kA eka niyama hai- 'yathAdoSaM daNDapraNayanam' (jaisA doSaaparAdha ho, usI ke anusAra daNDa pradAna karanA) / AcArya ko doSI sAdhaka ke doSa kI pUrI taraha chAnabIna karake tadanusAra zAstrokta daNDa-prAyazcitta denA cAhie, yahI nyAyazIlatA hai| yadi pakSapAtavaza nyUnAdhika daNDa-prAyazcitta diyA jAegA, athavA eka bAra jisa aparAdha-doSa ke lie daNDa de diyA gayA hai, usa aparAdha yA
Page #238
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 170 : jaina tattvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA doSa kA punaH-punaH uccAraNa karake bAra-bAra daNDa-prAyazcitta diyA jAegA to vaha vikatthana, anyAya aura pakSapAta hogA; vaha nyAyazIlatA nahIM hogii| . jaise vaidya, prakupita vAta-pitta-kapha Adi doSoM-rogoM kI vizuddhi ke lie cikitsA karatA hai, usI prakAra AcArya ko bhI pitA kA hRdaya rakha kara sAdhakoM ke aparAdhoM-doSoM kI vizuddhi ke lie prAyazcittarUpa cikitsA karanI cAhie / isIlie AcArya meM 'avikatthana' guNa kA honA Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai| (8) amAyI athavA jitamAya-AcArya kA amAyI (mAyA-kapaTa se rahita) honA athavA saralatA guNa se mAyAvijayI honA atyanta Avazyaka hai, kyoMki kapaTa karane vAle AcArya kA saMgha meM tathA anyatra bhI koI vizvAsa . nahIM karatA; mAyI puruSa dharmamArga se vicalita ho jAtA hai| kapaTa zubhakarma kA nAzaka hai, zubhakriyA kI siddhi meM kapaTa prathama vighnakAraka mAnA gayA hai| jahA~ kapaTa hotA rahatA hai, vahAM asatya apanA aDDA jamA letA hai| isalie AcArya ko pratyeka kArya meM ArjavabhAva apanAnA cAhie, vakrabhAva nhiiN| jJAtAsUtra se yaha bAta spaSTa hai ki tIrthaMkara bhagavatI mallinAtha ne pUrvajanma meM mAyApUrvaka tapazcaraNa kiyA thA, usake phalasvarUpa tIrthaMkara gotra ba~dha jAne para bhI unheM strIparyAya prApta huii| ataeva saMghAdhipati ko to hara hAlata meM mAyArUpa pApakarma se bacanA cAhie, tabhI vaha doSI sAdhaka ko saralatA se zuddha AlocanA karA sakegA, zuddha nyAyayukta prAyazcitta de skegaa| (10) sthiraparipATI-sthiraparipATI kA zabdazaH artha hotA haijisake buddhirUpI koSThaka (koThAra) meM zAstrIyajJAna sthira raha ske| dUsare zabdoM meM ise 'koSThakabuddhilabdhisampanna' kahA jA sakatA hai| jisa prakAra surakSita koSThaka (koThAra) meM dhAnyAdi padArtha bhalIbhAMti raha sakate haiM, usI prakAra zAstrIya jJAna kA buddhi rUpI koSThaka meM sthira rahanA, pramAda Adi dvArA usa jJAna kA vismata na honA, tAki jisa samaya kisI padArtha ke nirNaya karane kI AvazyakatA ho, usI samaya tatkAla buddhirUpI koSThaka se zAstrIya pramANa zIghra hI prakaTa kiye jA sakeM, ise hI sthiraparipATI kahate haiN| jo 1 'cikitsAgama iva doSa vizuddhiheturdaNDaH / '
Page #239
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ guru svarUpa : 171 zrutajJAna sthiraparipATI se grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai, vaha iha loka-paraloka meM kalyANakAraka hotA hai / AcArya ko caraNakaraNAnuyoga ke siddhAnta avikalarUpa se kaNThastha hone cAhie, tAki inake AdhAra se vaha gaccha meM sAraNA, vAraNA, dhAraNA Adi pravRttiyA~ sucAru rUpa se kara ske| isI taraha kriyAvizuddhi yA vyavahAra zuddhi ke lie AcArya ko bRhatkalpasUtra, vyavahArasUtra, nizIthasUtra aura dazA skandha ityAdi zAstroM kA adhyayana manana evaM smaraNa bhI askhalita bhAva se honA cAhie / isIlie AcArya meM sthiraparipATI kA guNa honA Avazyaka batAyA hai / (11) gRhItavAkya - jisake mukha se nikale hue vacana upAdeya hoM, vaha aartaa hai / AcArya ke mukha se rAga, dveSa, moha evaM pakSapAta se rahita tathA bhavya jIvoM ke lie pathya-tathya satya vacana nikalane cAhie, jo akSarazaH mAnya hoM, zirodhArya hoM, aura upAdeya hoM / ataeva AcArya ko gRhItavAkya honA cAhie / (12) jitapariSat - AcArya sabhA ko jItane vAlA honA cAhie / dharmapariSad meM sabhI prakAra ke zrotA Ate haiM; koI tArkika, koI vidvAn, koI vaijJAnika, koI tasvajJa, koI zAstramarmajJa, koI saralabuddhi, koI kathArasika, koI saMgItarasika to koI komalamati bAlaka / agara AcArya yuktisaMgata, zAstrasammata bAta sarala- lalita bodhagamya bhASA meM nahIM kahakara ayuktika, azAstrIya bAta kaThina bhASA meM kaheMge to ve sabhA para apanA prabhAva nahIM DAla sakeMge / jo AcArya bahuzruta, samayajJa, zAntacitta, nyAyapakSI, kuzalavaktA hogA, vahI 'jitapariSad' ho sakatA hai / aise mahAna AcArya akSubdhacitta hokara jaba pariSad meM baiTheMge, taba pratyeka viSaya meM naI-naI sphuraNA preraNA aura gaveSaNA karake zAntacitta se UhApohayukta bhASaNa, sambhASaNa evaM parisaMvAda kara sakeMge aura pariSad ko barabasa AkarSita kara sakeMge, sabhA ko prabhAvita kara sakeMge / (13) jitanidra -- AcArya nidrAvijayI ho / nidrAvijayI kA yaha artha nahIM ki AcArya nIMda hI na le, kintu yogI kI taraha unakA sonAjAganA yukta-- maryAdita ho / ' nidrAvijayI hI adhika svAdhyAya, jJAna-dhyAna, 1 'yukta svapnAvabodhasya yogo bhavati duHkhahA / - bhagavadgItA a0 6 zlo0 17
Page #240
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 972 : jana tattvakalikA -- dvitIya kalikA aura Atmacintana kara sakatA hai / jo atinidrAzIla yA amaryAdita nidrA vAlA hotA hai, athavA Alasyamagna rahatA hai, vaha apUrvaM jJAna ke grahaNa karane seto vaMcita rahatA hI hai; pUrva-arjita jJAna ko bhI vismRta ho jAtA hai / aisA pramAdI sAdhaka apane zarIra kI bhI rakSA nahIM kara sakatA to jJAna kI rakSA kyA karegA ? jo arjita jJAna kI surakSA nahIM kara sakatA, vaha AcArya gaccha kI rakSA kaise kara sakegA ? tAtparya yaha hai ki AcArya ko nidrAjayI honA cAhie, tAki saMgha jJAnavRddhi kara sake, AtmajJAna kA sarvAMgINa vikAsa kara sake / (14) madhyastha - AcArya ko rAga-dva eSa, athavA moha-pakSapAta Adi se dUra rahakara madhyastha rahanA cAhie / agara AcArya hI rAga-dva eSa yA pakSapAta yA moha meM grasta ho gayA to saMgha meM sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke prati anyAya kara baiThegA / isI prakAra koI vyakti pApI, drohI anyAyI-atyAcArI ho, hiMsA, asatya, corI, vyabhicAra Adi meM grasta ho, nAstika ho, kahane - samajhAne para bhI na mAnatA ho, balki pratikUla AcaraNa karatA ho, aise vyakti ke prati bhI AcArya ko mAdhyasthya bhAva rakhanA Avazyaka hai / " isI prakAra pratyeka pratikUla paristhiti, sthAna, saMyoga-viyoga meM bhI mAdhyasthya - samatvabhAva rakhanA Avazyaka hai / -- AcArya meM mAdhyasthya guNa usake AdhyAtmika vikAsa evaM AtmasamAdhi kA paricAyaka hai / mAdhyasthyabhAva dhAraNa karane se aura bhI anekoM lAbha haiM / (15) dezajJa - AcArya ko vividha dezoM (rASTroM, rAjyoM evaM prAntoMjanapadoM) ke guNa, karma, svabhAva, saMskRti, bhASA, jalavAyu, janamAnasa Adi kA jJAtA honA cAhie | yuga kI bhASA meM kahU~ to, AcArya ko vividha dezoM ke bhUgola, itihAsa evaM saMskRti evaM una dezoM meM pracalita dharma Adi kA jJAna honA cAhie / deza - deza kA jJAna hone para hI AcArya usa usa deza meM svayaM athavA usake saMgha ke sAdhu-sAdhvIgaNa vihAra, dharmapracAra, upadeza, vyasana-tyAga kI preraNA Adi bhalIbhAMti kara sakate haiM; usa deza meM rahakara apane saMyama aura sAdhudharma kA pAlana samyak prakAra se kara sakate haiM / dezajJa AcArya apane evaM dharma se kadApi skhalita nahIM hotA / (16) kAlajJa - AcArya ko kAla kA parijJAtA honA bhI atIva - sAmAyika pATha, zlo0 1 1 'mAdhyasthya bhAvaM viparIta vRttau ......
Page #241
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ guru svarUpa : 173 Avazyaka hai| pratyeka sAdhaka ko ucita samaya para hI pratikramaNa, pratilekhana, svAdhyAya, dhyAna, kAyotsarga, bhikSAcarI, zayana, jAgaraNa, Adi samasta kriyAeM karanI Avazyaka haiM, phira AcArya ko to vizeSarUpa se kAla kA jJAna honA anivArya hai, tAki vaha saMgha ke sAdha-sAdhvIgaNa ko ucita kAla meM vividha kriyAe~ karane kA nirdeza kara ske| bahuta se kSetroM meM gRhasthoM ke bhojana kA samaya pRthaka-pRthak hotA hai, ataH usa-usa kSetra meM sAdhu-sAdhvIgaNa ko bhikSA kA samaya bhI tadanusAra rakhanA hotA hai, anyathA akAla meM bhikSAcarI karane para AhAra na milane para usake mana meM saMkleza hogA,' zraddhAlu gRhasthoM ko bhI sAdhu-sAdhvo ke binA bhikSA liye lauTa jAne se duHkha hogaa| kAla kA ThIka jJAna hone para sAdha ko AtmasamAdhi meM kisI prakAra kI bAdhA nahIM hogii| __kAlajJa AcArya samaya ko gatividhi, sAdhakoM ke saMhanana-saMsthAna, sahanazakti, tathA manobala ko jAna kara sAdhu-samAcArI meM samayAnusAra yathocitta saMzodhana-parivarddhana karake dharmasaMgha ko tejasvI banA sakate haiM / ataeva AcArya kA samayajJa honA atIva Avazyaka hai| (17) bhAvajJa-AcArya ko dUsaroM ke bhAvoM kA jJAtA honA cAhie / dUsaroM ke manobhAvoM kA jJAtA AcArya hI samparka meM Ane vAle usa-usa vyakti yA sAdhaka ke manobhAvoM ko jAnakara use usakI ruci, bhAvanA, zraddhA aura utsAha ke anusAra subodha de sakatA hai aura usakA diyA huA bodha zIghra saphala hotA hai| thor3e se parizrama se hI mahAn lAbha prApta ho sakatA hai| . agara AcArya bhAvajJa nahIM hogA to vaha yogya vyakti ko usake lie ayogya aura ayogya vyakti ko yogya upadeza de baiThegA, jisase artha kA anartha hone kI sambhAvanA hai| sAtha hI usa vyakti ko diye gaye bodha kA parizrama bhI sArthaka nahIM hogA / isalie AcArya ko bhAvajJa honA caahie| __vartamAna yuga kI bhASA meM kaheM to AcArya ko manovijJAna kA adhyetA honA cAhie / sAmAnya manovijJAna ke lie nItikAra kahate haiM-"AkRti, iMgita (izAroM), gati (cAla-DhAla); ceSTA aura bhASaNa (bolane) se, tathA A~kha 1 'kAle kAlaM samAyare' -dazavakAlika, a. 5, u. 2, gA. 4 2 akAle carisa bhikkhU, kAla na paDilehasi / appANaM ca kilAmesi, sannivesaM ca garihasi // -dazava. a. 5, u. 2, gA. 5
Page #242
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 174 : jaina tatvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA aura muha ke vikAra para se dUsare ke manogata bhAvoM ko jAnA jA sakatA hai|' isalie AcArya meM bhAvajJatA kA guNa honA atyAvazyaka hai| (18) Asannalabdha pratibha-AcArya itanA pratibhAsampanna honA cAhie ki vAdI dvArA kiye gae prazna kA zIghra hI atyanta yogyatA ke sAtha yuktisaMgata samAdhAna kara ske| isa prakAra kI pratibhA se sampanna AcArya ke dvArA diye gae samAdhAna se saiddhAntika jJAna praznakartA ke hRdaya meM spaSTarUpa se aMkita ho jAtA hai tathA aneka bhavyAtmAoM ko apanA kalyANa karane kA suavasara milatA hai| jaise-zrI kezIkumAra zramaNa ke dvArA pradezIrAjA ke AtmA ke viSaya meM kiye gae praznoM ke tatkAla yuktisaMgata samAdhAna diye jAne se usakA hRdaya-parivartana-nAstikatA se AstikatA meM parivartana evaM jIvanaparivartana ho gayA, bandha aura mokSa kA samyak jJAna ho gayA, jo pradezIrAjA ke AtmakalyANa kA kAraNa bnaa| . vyAkhyAprajJaptisUtra meM nigranthIputra Adi zramaNoM ke praznottaroM ko par3hane se unakI 'AsannalabdhapratibhA' kA patA lagatA hai| ataeva AcArya meM yaha guNa avazya honA cAhie, jisase vaha saMgharakSA aura tIrthaMkarokta satya siddhAntoM kA pracAra-prasAra kara sake, sAtha hI usake dvArA diye gaye samAdhAna se bhavyajIva apanA kalyANa kara skeN| (16) nAnAvidhadezabhASAvijJa-AcArya ko aneka dezoM kI bhASAoM kA jJAtA honA caahie| aneka dezoM kI bhASA kA jAnakAra AcArya usa-usa deza (prAnta, janapada yA rASTra) meM jAkara vahIM kI bhASA meM jinendrokta dharma evaM siddhAntoM kA pracAra bhalIbhAMti kara sakatA hai, pravacana prabhAvanA bhI kara sakatA hai| (20) jJAnAcArasampanna-AcArya ko jJAna ke AcaraNa se yukta arthAt matizruta Adi nirmala jJAnoM kA dhAraka honA cAhie athavA vibhinna dharmoM ke zAstroM aura siddhAntoM ke jJAna se sampanna honA cAhie tabhI vaha samyagajJAna kI ArAdhanA kara yA karA sakatA hai, bhavya sAdhakoM ko zAstrIya adhyayana karA sakatA hai / ataH AcAya meM jJAnasampannatA atIva Avazyaka hai| 1 AkArairiMgitargatyA ceSTayA bhASaNena ca / ____ netravaktravikAraizca lakSyate'ntargataM manaH // 2 rAjapraznIya sUtra meM dekheM-pradezI rAjA kA adhikAra / 3 dekheM bhagavatI sUtra meM nimranthIpatra zramaNa kA adhikAra /
Page #243
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ guru svarUpa : 175 (21) darzanAcArasampanna - AcArya meM darzanAcArasampannatA honI atyAvazyaka hai / darzanAcArasampanna kA artha hai vaha samyaktva meM pUrNatayA dRr3ha evaM avicalita ho, deva guru-dharma ke prati gAr3ha prIti-zraddhA-pratIti ho tathA jIvAdi nau tattvoM kA yathArthajJAnapUrvaka zraddhAna ho / jisa sAdhaka ko jIvAdi tattvoM kA yathArtha jJAna hotA hai, usake jIvana zaMkA, kAMkSA, vicikitsA, mithyAdaSTiprazaMsA yA mithyAdRSTi kA saMstavaatisaMsarga Adi doSa, yA saMzaya, viparyaya aura anadhyavasAya doSa, athavA cala, mala aura agAr3ha doSa nahIM phaTakate / yahI vizuddha samyagdarzana se sampanna kA lakSaNa hai / jisa acArya kI samyagdarzana meM dRr3hatA hogI, use jinapraNIta tattvoM meM kisI prakAra kI zaMkA nahIM hogI / yaha darzanAcAravizuddhi hai / samyagdarzana hogA, tabhI sAdhaka kA jJAna samyagjJAna hogA / vaise to pratyeka dharma-sampradAya vAle apane-apane mata para dRr3ha haiM, parantu isase unheM samyagdarzanI yA samyaktvI nahIM kahA jA sakatA, kyoMki unakA jJAna ayathArtha hai / ayathArtha jJAna vAle vyakti kA nizcaya bhI atadrUpa ayathArtha hogA / kintu tadrUpa yathArthajJAna dvArA hI yathArtha nizcaya (samyagdarzana) meM pariNati hotI hai | ataeva AcArya meM samyagdarzana- sampannatA kA guNa atyanta Avazyaka hai, usake binA vaha zAsana kI prabhAvanA nahIM kara sakatA / (22 cAritrAcArasampanna - AcArya sAmAyika Adi cAritra kA dRr3hatApUrvaka niraticArarUpa se AcaraNa karane vAlA honA cAhie / AcArya zithilAcArI yA AcArabhraSTa nahIM honA cAhie, anyathA vaha saMgha ke sAdhusAdhviyoM ko cAritra pAlana meM sudRr3ha evaM susthira nahIM kara sakegA / ataH AcArya ko cAritrAcAra ke anusAra banI huI samAcArI ( AcArasaMhitA) kA dRr3hatApUrvaka pAlana karanA cAhie / (23) tapAcArasampanna - AcArya ko pUrva pRSThoM meM ukta bAraha prakAra ke tapazcaraNa meM rata rahanA caahie| tabhI vaha Atma-pradezoM para lage hue karma-paramANuoM ko pRthak karake Atmazuddhi kara sakegA aura saMghastha sAdhu-sAdhviyoM kI Atmazuddhi tapazcaraNa dvArA karA sakegA / ' 1 pichale pRSThoM meM jJAnAcAra, darzanAcAra, cAritrAcAra, tapAcAra aura vIryAcAra ina pA~ca AcAroM kA varNana vistRtarUpa se kiyA gayA hai / --saM.
Page #244
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 176 : jaina tatvakalikA -- dvitIya kalikA (24) vIryAcArasampanna - AcArya ko manovIrya, vacanavIrya aura kAyavIrya se sampanna honA caahie| mana sadaiva zubha dhyAna, zubha saMkalpa evaM zubha cintana tathA kuzala vicAra se yukta honA cAhie / yadi mana ratnatraya meM saMlagna rahegA, to ukta zubhacintana ke phalasvarUpa vacana bhI hita, mita, tathya aura satya tathA madhura hI nikalegA / jaba mana aura vacana zuddha ho jAte haiM taba kAyika azubha vyApAra prAyaH niruddha ho jAtA hai aura kAyA samyakcAritra meM, zubha vyApAra meM utsAhapUrvaka pravRtta hogI / isa prakAra AcArya ke tInoM yoga balapUrvaka zuddha AcaraNa meM pravRtta hone cAhie / vIrya tIna prakAra kA hai - paNDitavIrya, vAlapaNDitavIrya aura bAlaa' | nAjJA ke anusAra jo bhI cAritra- pAlana, dharmakriyAkalApa kiyA jAtA hai, vaha paNDitavIrya hai / samyagdarzana - jJAnayukta dezavirati zrAvaka ( cAritrAcAritra) zrAvakadharma kA pAlana karatA huA jitanI saMvaramArga kI kriyAe~ karatA hai, utanA paNDitavIrya aura jitanI kriyAe~ saMsArI dazA kI karatA hai, utanA bAlavIrya hotA hai / donoM milakara bAlapaNDitavIrya kahalAtA hai / jitanI bhI kriyAe~ mithyAtva dazA meM vyakti karatA hai, ve saba bAlavIrya kI koTi meM haiM / ataeva AcArya ko paNDitavIryAcAra se yukta honA cAhie tAki saMgha kI rakSA aura karmoM kI nirjarA kara sake / paNDitabalavIryasampanna AcArya hI aneka bhavya jIvoM ko saMsAra sAgara se pAra karane meM samartha ho sakatA hai / (25) AharaNanipuNa - AharaNa kA artha dRSTAnta hai / nyAyazAstra ke anusAra kisI vivAdAspada viSaya kI vyAkhyA karane kA prasaMga Ae, usa samaya' anvaya-vyatireka dRSTAntoM dvArA usa viSaya ko spaSTa karanA Avazyaka hotA hai / AcArya yuktisaMgata dRSTAntoM se ukta vivAdAspada viSaya ko spaSTa karane meM nipuNa honA cAhie / prastuta viSaya ko spaSTa karane aura zrotAoM ke gale utArane ke lie tadanurUpa dRSTAnta honA caahie| jaise - kisI ne pApa ko duHkhakAraka siddha karane ke lie dRSTAntapUrvaka vAkya kahA - "pApaM duHkhAya bhati bratavat" (pApa duHkha dene vAlA hotA hai, jaise ki 'brahmadatta' ke lie huA thA / ) 1 dekheM, sUtrakRtAMga, prathama zrutaskandha, davAM vIryAdhyayanaM / 2 tatsattve tatsattvamanvayaH, tadabhAve tadabhAvo vyatirekaH / --tarkasaMgraha TIkA
Page #245
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ guru svarUpa : 193 dharma-pracAra kA krama isa prakAra hai-- jina AtmAoM ne dharma kA yathArtha svarUpa nahIM samajhA, itanA hI nahIM, tattvoM ke yathArtha svarUpa ko tathA samyagdarzanajJAna - cAritrarUpa mokSa mArga ko ThIka nahIM pahacAnA; unheM vItarAgaprarUpita satya dharma-patha meM lagAnA cAhie / jinhoMne dharmapatha samyag rUpa se dhAraNa kara liyA ho, una jIvoM ko sarvaviratirUpa dharma meM sthApita karanA cAhie, arthAt unheM sAdharmika banAnA cAhie / jaba koI vyakti dharma se patita ho rahA ho yA dharma chor3a rahA ho, usa samaya use samyaktayA samajhA-bujhAkara dharma-patha meM sthira karanA cAhie, kyoMki zikSita kiyA huA zIghra hI dharma meM nizcalatA dhAraNa kara letA hai / parantu isa dharma ko hita, sukha, sAmarthya evaM mokSa ke lie yA janma-janmAntara meM sAtha le calane ke lie dhAraNa karanA cAhie / (4) doSanirghAtanA - vinaya : svarUpa aura prakAra AtmA se doSoM ko bAhara nikAlanA, doSanirghAtanA-vinaya hai / isake mukhyataH cAra prakAra haiM (1) kruddha kopa-nivAraNa - jisa vyakti ko krodha karane kA vizeSa svabhAtra par3a gayA ho, use krodha ke kaTuphala batAkara, mRdu evaM priya bhASaNa se yA jisa kisI bhI sAttvika upAya se usakA krodha dUra ho sake, dUra karanA cAhie | (2) duSTa-doSa nigraha - jo vyakti krodhAdi kaSAyoM dvArA duSTatA ko dhAraNa kiye ho, yA jisakA duSTatA dhAraNa karane kA svabhAva par3a gayA ho, use yA usake svabhAva ko bhI zAstrIya zikSAoM, yuktiyoM tathA zAnta bhAvoM se samajhA-bujhAkara ThIka karanA - usakI duSTatA para niyantraNa karanA cAhie / (3) kAMkSita-kAMkSAchedana - isI prakAra saMyama nirvAha ke lie jisa ko jisa vastu kI AkAMkSA ho, arthAt - anna-jala, vastra, pAtra, pustaka Adi yA vihArAdi kI saMyama viSayaka AkAMkSA yA apekSA ho, usakI AkAMkSA 1 dosanigdhAyaNA viNae cauvvihA paNNattA, taM jahA - kuddhassa ko viettA bhavai 1, duTThassa dosa NigirihattA bhavai 2, kaMkhiyassa kaMkhaM chidittA bhavai 3, AyA suppaNiddhite yAvi bhavai 4, se taM dosanigghAyaNA viNae / -- dazAzru, taskandha a0 4
Page #246
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 164 : jaina tattvakalikA - dvitIya kalikA pUrI kara denI cAhie, yA pUrti meM sahayoga denA cAhie; pravacana viSayaka zaMkA ho to vaha bhI dUra karanI cAhie / (4) krodhAdi aMtaraMga doSoM se vimukta hokara AtmA ko pavitra aura supraNihitAtmA banAnA cAhie / ye cAroM doSanirghAtanA vinaya ke cAra aMga' haiM / AcArya ko apane ziSya varga ko tathA samparka meM Ane vAle zraddhAzIla gRhastha varga ko ina cAroM prakAra ke vinayoM se prazikSita karanA cAhie / AcArya ke prati ziSyAdi kI vinaya pratipatti jisa prakAra pUrvokta vinaya Adi ke dvArA ziSyAdi ko prazikSita kiye jAne para guru RNa mukta ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra ziSya bhI vidhipUrvaka guru kI vinaya-bhakti, sevA-zuzrUSA Adi karake guru RNa se mukta hone kA prayatna karatA hai / ataH prasaMgavaza yahA~ hama ukta guNavAn ziSya ( antevAsI) dvArA AcArya kI nimnokta zAstra pratipAdita, catuvidha vinaya pratipatti kA varNana karanA Avazyaka samajhate haiM / (1) upakaraNa utpAdanatA vinaya - vidhipUrvaka ( AcArya yA saMgha ke sAdhuoM ke lie) saMyama nirvAha ke lie Avazyaka upakaraNoM ko utpanna karanA upakaraNa utpAdanatA vinaya hai / isake bhI cAra prakAra haiM - ( 1 ) anutpanna - upakaraNotpAdana - ( AcArya parizrAnta ho gayA ho yA usakI svAdhyA 1 kahIM kahIM 'doSanirghAtanA vinaya' ke badale 'doSa parighAta - vinaya' nAma hai| isake 4 prakAra yoM haiM - (1) krodhI ko krodha se hone vAlI hAniyA~ aura kSamA se hone vAle lAbha batAkara zAnta-svabhAvI banAnA krodha parighAta vinaya hai / ( 2 ) viSayAsakti se unmatta bane hue ko viSayoM ke durguNa aura zIla ke guNa batAkara nirvikAra banAnA viSayaparighAta vinaya hai / ( 3 ) rasalolupa ho, use rasalolupatA se hAniyA~ aura tapa ke lAbha batalAkara tapasvI banAnA annaparighAta vinaya hai / ( 4 ) durguNoM se duHkha aura sadguNoM se sukha kI prApti batA - kara doSI ko nirdoSa banAnA AtmadoSa parighAta vinaya hai / -- jaina tattva prakAza pR0 186 2 tassevaM guNajAiyassa aMtevAsissa imA cauvvihA viNayapaDivattI bhavai, taM jahAuvagaraNaupAyaNatA 1, sAhillayA 2, vaNNasaM jalaNayA 3, bhArapaccoruhaNayA 4 / -- dazAMzruta0 ma0 4
Page #247
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ guru svarUpa : 165 yAdi kriyAoM meM vighna par3atA ho, to guNavAn ziSya svayaM gacchavAsI sAdhuoM ke lie anutpanna upakaraNa kA utpAdana kre| (2) purAtanaupakaraNa-saMrakSaNa-(purAtana yA jIrNa upakaraNa-saMrakSita gupta rakhe) / (3) saMgopita-upakaraNa pratyuddharaNa-(yadi purAnA-jIrNa upakaraNa marammata karane se kAma meM A sakatA ho, use marammata karake upayoga meM le|) (4) yathAyogya-upakaraNa saMvibhAga- (jisa sAdha ke pAsa vastrAdiupakaraNa kama ho, use apanI nizrAya kA upakaraNa de de tathA vastrAdi upakaraNoM kA sAdhuoM meM yathAyogya saMvibhAga kare / ) (2) sahAyatA vinaya-anya prANiyoM ko sukha pahu~cAnA tathA unake duHkha kA nivAraNa karanA sahAyatA vinaya hai| sahAyatA-vinaya ke bhI 4 prakAra hai-(1) anukUlavacana-prayogatA-(pratyeka prANI ke sAtha anukUla-madhura vacana bolanA yA bulAnA, jisa (mRdubhASaNa) se usakI AtmA ko zAnti mile / ) (2) anulomakAya kriyatA-(guru Adi ko zArIrika sevA karane kA puNyalAbha mile to anukula rIti se kare, tAki unake kisI bhI aMgopAMga ko kSati na paha~ce aura unakI AtmA ko zAnti tathA zarIra ko sukhaprApta ho) (3) pratirUpakAya-sparzanatA--(anya sArmika sAdhuoM kI yathAvidhi zArIrika sevA kare, jisase unako zArIrika sukha prApta ho|) (4) sarvakAryoM meM apratilomatA-(jina-jina kAryoM meM guru ne niyukta kiyA ho, una sevAdi kAryoM ko utsAha-pUrvaka saralatA se, zraddhA se kare, kisI prakAra kA haTha, mithyAbhiniveza, virodha yA mithyAbhimAna karake pratikUlatA nahIM dhAraNa karanA cAhieM, kintu RjutA dhAraNa karanI caahie|) yaha cAra prakAra kA sahAyatA-vinaya dUsaroM ko sukha-zAMti pahu~cAne kA tathA alabhya puNyalAbha evaM nirjarA-lAbha kA kArya hai / 2 (3) varNa saMjvalanatA-vinaya-AcArya tathA anya guNavAn sAdhuoM kA 1 .."uvagaraNa-uppAyaNayA caunvihA paNNatA, taM jahA aNuppaNAI uvagaraNAI uppAittA bhavai 1, porANAI uvagaraNAiM sArakkhittA bhavai, saMgovittA bhavaDU 2, parittaM jANittA paccuddharittA bhavai 3, AhAvidhaM saMvibhaittA bhavai 4, se taM uvagaraNa-uppAyaNayA / ..' sAhillayA cauvvihA paNNattA, taM jahAaNulomavai sIhate yAvi bhavai 1, aNulomakAya kiriyattA 2, paDirUvakAya saMphAsaNayA 3, savvatthesu apaDilomayA 4 / se taM saahillyaa|
Page #248
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 166 : jaina tattvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA guNotkIrtana karanA-yathArtha guNoM kA prakAzana karanA-prazaMsA karanA varNasaMjvalanatA-vinaya hai / varNa saMjvalanatA vinaya bhI cAra prakAra kA hai- (1) yathArtha guNAnuvAda karanA-AcAryAdi ke yathArtha guNoM kI prazaMsA krnaa| (2) avarNavAdI kA pratighAta karanA--jo vyakti AcAryAdi kI, yA saMghAdi kI nindA karate haiM, unheM badanAma karate haiM, unakA pratIkAra karanA; yA tiraskAra, upAlambha Adi ke dvArA unakA prativAda karake samajhAnA / (3) varNavAdI ke guNoM kA prakAzana karanA-jo vyakti AcAryAdi yA saMgha kA yathArtha guNagAna karate haiM, unheM dhanyavAda denA, unheM protsAhita krnaa| (4) vRddhoM kI sevA karanA-jo apane se guNoM meM Age bar3he hue haiM (vRddha) haiM, Atmika guNoM se samRddha haiM, unakI sevA karanA / ' (4) bhAra-pratyArohaNatA-vinaya-jisa prakAra rAjA apane suyogya amAtya evaM rAjakumAra Adi ko rAjya kA bhAra sauMpakara nizcinta ho jAtA hai, vaise hI AcArya apane suyogya zipya yA sAdhaka ko saMgha (gaccha yA gaNa) kA bhAra sauMpakara svayaM nizcinta hokara samAdhi meM lIna ho jAtA hai, ise bhArapratyavatAraNatA-vinaya kahate haiM / isake bhI cAra prakAra haiM-(1) asaMgRhIta parijana ko saMgRhIta karanA-jo ziSya asaMgRhIta haiM, arthAt-jinake guru Adi kAladharma ko prApta ho cuke haiM, athavA krodhI yA prapaMcI hone athavA anya kisI kAraNa se unheM koI saMgRhIta (apane sAtha sammilita) na karatA ho, aise ziSya samUha ko AcArya kA vinIta ziSya apane pAsa yA AcArya ke pAsa apanI dekha-rekha meM rakhe / (2) navadIkSita ko AcAra-vicAra sikhAnA-navadIkSita ziSya ko jJAnAcAra Adi paMcAcAra evaM AcAra vidhi sikhAne ke lie apane pAsa rakhe, aura vidhipUrvaka sAdhvAcAra vidhi se use prazikSita kre| (3) glAnasArmikavaiyAvRtya meM tatparatA-yadi koI sArmika sAdhu glAnAvasthA yA rugNAvasthA ko prApta ho gayA ho to usakI vAtsalyapUrvaka yathAzakti vayAvatya (sevA zuzra SA) kare / kyoMki rugNa sAdhu kI sevA karane se karmoM kI nirjarA aura utkRSTa bhAvoM se ananta jJAna kI prApti hotI hai / (4) sArmikoM meM utpanna adhikaraNa zamanArtha udyata rahe-sArmika sAdhuoM meM yA sArmikoM 1 "vaNNasaMjalaNayA caunvihA paNNattA taM jahAahAtaccANaM vAyA bhavai 1, avaNNavAyaM paDihaNittA bhavai 2, vaNNavAyaM aNuvuhittA bhavai 3, AyavuDDhaseviyA vi bhavai 4 / se taM vnnnnsNjlyaa| -dazAzruta skandha a04
Page #249
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ guru svarUpa : 167 meM paraspara kleza utpanna ho jAe to AcArya ke guNavAn ziSya kA kartavya hai ki aise samaya meM niSpakSa anizrita (binA kisI lAga-lapeTa kA) hokara mAdhyasthya-bhAva dhAraNa karake samyaka prakAra se (zra ta) vyavahAra dhAraNa karatA huA usa kalaha kA upazamana karAne tathA paraspara kSamAyAcanA karAne ke lie sadA samyak prakAra se udyata rahe / ' guNavAn ziSya ko aisA kyoM karanA cAhie? isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki jaba kleza zAnta ho jAegA taba una sArmikoM meM paraspara kaThora zabdoM kA prahAra kama ho jAegA, krodhavaza bauddhika andhatA (jhaMjhA) yA dhAMdhalI kama ho jAyagI, kalaha bhI ThaMDA par3a jAegA, vAgyuddha kA joza kama ho jAegA, kaSAya (krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha) bhI atyanta alpa ho jAegA, paraspara tU-tU maiM-maiM bhI nahIM hogI; unake tana, mana, vacana para saMyama bar3ha jAegA, ve prAyaH apane AvegoM kA athavA kliSTa cittavRtti se utpanna hone vAle azubha karmoM kA nirodha (saMvara) kara leMge, unameM jJAna-darzana-cAritrarUpa samAdhi bar3hegI, itanA hI nahIM, phira ve apramatta hokara saMyama evaM tapa dvArA apanI AtmA ko bhAvita (antaHkaraNa ko vAsita) karate hue vicaraNa kreNge| tAtparya yaha hai ki AcArya para cAra prakAra kA kartavya bhAra hai-(1) bichar3e, bhUle-bhaTake sAdhakoM ko kisI prakAra se samajhA-bujhAkara gaccha meM sammilita karanA, (2) navadIkSita sAdhakoM ko AcAra-vicAra kA prazikSaNa dekara taiyAra karanA, (3) saMgha meM rugNa, azakta evaM vRddha sAdhakoM kI sevA-suzruSA kI vyavasthA karanA tathA (4) sArmika sAdhu-sAdhviyoM athavA zrAvaka-zrAvikA varga meM kabhI koI kalaha yA vivAda utpanna ho jAe to kuzalatApUrvaka use zAnta karanA-karAnA / AcArya ke ina cAroM kartavyoM kA bhAra koI suyogya suvinIta ziSya sambhAla letA hai to unakI AtmA ko zAnti aura samAdhi prApta hotI hai / yahI caturvidha bhArapratyavarohaNatA vinaya hai| 1 ."bhArapaccorUhaNayA caumvihA paNNattA taM jahA asaMgahIyaM parijaNaM saMgahittA bhavai 1, sehaM AyAragoyaragAhittA bhavai 2, sAhimmayassa gilAyamANassa ahAthAmaM veyAvacce abbhuTTittA bhavai 3, sAhammiyANaM ahigaraNaMsi uppaNNaMsi tattha aNissito vasievasito appakkhaggAhI majjhattha bhAvabhUe samaM vavahAramANe tassa ahigaraNassa khAmaNaviu samaNayAe sayA samiyaM abbhuTThattA bhavai / -dazAzru ta0 a0 4
Page #250
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 198 : jaina tattvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA yaha hai--aSTavidhagaNi sampadA, jisakA nirUpaNa sthavira bhagavantoM ne kiyA hai| prakArAntara se AcArya ke chattIsa guNa pUrvokta ATha prakAra kI gaNisampadA aura unameM se pratyeka sampadA ke cAra-cAra bheda hone se kula battIsa bheda hue aura RNamukta hone ke lie AcArya dvArA sikhAI jAne vAlI cAra prakAra kI vinaya pratipattiH, yoM kula milAkara 32+4=36 bheda hue| prakArAntara se ye chattIsa guNa bhI AcArya ke hote haiN| ____ AcArya ko gurupada meM prathama sthAna kyoM? niSkarSa yaha hai ki AcArya ina pUrvokta samagra guNoM se sampanna hone caahie| ina guNoM meM se kaI guNa AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI daSTi se anivArya haiM, kucha vyavahArika vikAsa kI dRSTi se Avazyaka haiM aura kaI gaNa sAMghika (sAmAjika) daSTi se upayukta haiN| ina guNoM kI vRddhi se AcArya svakalyANa to karatA hI hai, apane samparka meM rahane aura Ane vAle aneka bhavya AtmAoM kA bhI kalyANa karatA hai| ina guNoM se caturvidha saMgha kI bhI saba prakAra se surakSA aura hitavRddhi kara sakatA hai / guNoM kI svAbhAvika zakti se vaha virodhI, nAstika, durjana, pratikUla evaM nindaka janoM ko bhI prabhAvita karake dharma-patha para ArUr3ha kara sakatA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki AcArya ko gurupada meM prathama sthAna diyA gayA hai| 1 .."kahaM tu ? sAhammiyA appasaddA, appajhaMjhA, appakalahA, appakasAyA, appa tumaMtumA, saMjamabahulA, saMvarabahulA, samAhibahulA, appamattA, saMjameNaM tavasA appANaM bhAvemANA NaM evaM ca NaM viharejjA / se taM bhAra pccoruuhnnttaa| esa khalu sA therehiM bhagavaMtehiM aTThavihA gaNisaMpayA paNNattA, ti bemi / -dazAzru taskandha a0 4
Page #251
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ upAdhyAya kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa paMca parameSThI meM caturtha pada tathA ArAdhya gurutattva meM dvitIya sthAna 'upAdhyAya' kA hai / yaha pada bhI atyanta mahattvapUrNa hai / jisa prakAra saMgha meM mukhyatayA cAritra kI sAdhanA ke lie AcArya kA prathama sthAna mAnA jAtA hai, usI prakAra saMgha meM mukhyatayA jJAna kI sAdhanA ke lie ' upAdhyAya' kA dvitIya sthAna mAnA jAtA hai / jo sAdhaka guru Adi gItArtha mahAmuniyoM ke pAsa sadaiva rahate haiM, jo zubhayoga tathA upadhAna tapa ke anuSThAna dvArA sampUrNa aMga- upAMga-AgamoM tathA anya zAstroM kA svayaM adhyayana karate haiM aura jinake pAsa A (raha) kara aneka sAdhu-sAdhvI yA yogya supAtra zrAvaka-zrAvikA apanI-apanI yogyatAnusAra zAstroM kA adhyayana karate haiM, athavA mokSapathika yogya jijJAsu sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko vidhipUrvaka zAstrAdhyana karAkara jo suyogya zAstrajJa banAte haiM, isa prakAra pApAcAra se virakti aura sadAcAra ke prati anurakti kI zikSA dene vAle 'upAdhyAya' kahalAte haiM / ' upAdhyAya pada kI mahimA cAritra kI sAdhanA ke samAna jJAna kI sAdhanA bhI mokSa kA aMga hai / yadi sAdhaka ke jIvana meM jJAna kA prakAza nahIM hogA to vaha cAritra kA pAlana samyak rUpa se nahIM kara sakegA / ajJAnAndhakAra se ghire hue sAdhaka ko na to - kA viveka hotA hai, na hI saMsAra aura mokSa ke mArga kA vaha pRthakkaraNa kara sakatA hai aura na vaha dharma, adharma, puNya aura pApa, puNya aura dharma, utthAna aura patana, utsarga aura apavAda, nizcaya aura vyavahAra, mArga aura maMjila, sAdhana aura sAdhya kA ThIkka vivecana - vizleSaNa kara sakatA hai / ataeva mokSa 1 (ka) 'upa samIpe adhIte yasmAdasau upAdhyAyaH / (kha) svayaM zAstrANyadhIte'nyAn adhyApayati iti upAdhyAyaH / 2 annANI ki kAhI, kiMvA nAhI i seyapAvagaM / - dazavaikAlika a0 4 gA0 10
Page #252
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 200 : jaina tattvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA mArga ke pathika pratyeka sAdhaka ko jJAna kA prakAza pAnA Avazyaka hai| yathArtha jJAnaprakAza hone para hI sAdhaka sva-parakalyANa kara sakatA hai| upAdhyAya dharma saMgha ke sAdhu-sAdhvI, zrAvaka-zrAvikA varga meM jJAna kI jyoti jagAtA hai| vaha ajJAnAndha vyaktiyoM ko jJAna kA netra detA hai| svayaM zAstra par3hanA aura saMgha ke jJAnapipAsu sAdhuvarga ko zAstra par3hanA 'upAdhyAya' kA kartavya hotA hai / yaha pada bhI adhikAra kA nahIM, sAdhakoM ko jJAnArAdhanAsAdhanA karAkara suyogya jJAnI banAne kA hai / jIvana kI aTapaTI gutthiyoM ko zAstra ke mAdhyama se, naya aura pramANa, nizcaya aura vyavahAra, utsarga aura apavAda kI zAna para car3hAkara sulajhAne vAlA, zAstroM ke gUr3ha rahasyoM ko kholane vAlA upAdhyAya hotA hai| upAdhyAya saMgha meM AdhyAtmika, dArzanika, tAttvika evaM dhArmika zikSA kA sabase baDA pratinidhi hotA hai| vaha mokSa-sAdhanA ke pathikoM kA mahattvapUrNa sAthI, zruta-guru aura jIvana-nirmAtA hai| AcArya kI anupasthiti meM upAdhyAya saMgha kA netRtva kara. sakatA upAdhyAya kA kartavya / vastutaH dekhA jAe to saMghastha sAdhu-sAdhvI varga ko vidhipUrvaka zAstroM kA paThana-pAThana karAnA upAdhyAya kA mukhya kartavya hai| isI hetu, se sUyogya jJAnI sAdhaka ko upAdhyAya pada para niyukta kiyA jAtA hai; tAki saMgha meM jJAna kI jyoti akhaNDa jalatI rahe aura sAdhakoM kI dharma meM dRr3hatA banI rhe| upAdhyAya pada kI upalabdhi vicAraNIya yaha hai ki AcArya evaM upAdhyAya ko samyaktayA saMgha kI sevA karane se ihalaukika-pAralaukika kisa sUphala kI prApti hotI hai ? uttara meM zAstrakAra kahate haiM-AcArya aura upAdhyAya binA thake, binA khinnatA ke, binA jhujhalAe apane gaNa (saMgha yA gaccha) meM zAstroM ke sUtra aura artha kA jJAna dAna karate hue, usakA samyaktayA dhAraNa poSaNa (grahaNa) evaM saMrakSaNa (pAlana) karate hae kaI-kaI to usI bhava meM siddha-buddha-mukta ho jAte haiM, kaI dUsare bhava meM mokSa prApta karate haiM kintu tIsarA bhava (janma) to atikramaNa nahIM karate, arthAt tIsare bhava meM to avazya hI siddha-buddha-mukta ho jAte haiM / isa zAstra-kathana se svataHsiddha ho jAtA hai ki AcArya aura upAdhyAya donoM saMgha kI viziSTa mahattvapUrNa sevA karake tathA saMgha kI cAritra aura jJAna
Page #253
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ upAdhyAya kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa : 201 se samyak surakSA karake avazya hI mokSa athavA nirvANapada prApta kara lete haiN| upayukta zAstra-vacana kA rahasya yaha hai ki sthAnAMga sUtra ke anusAra isa anAdi saMsAra cakra se pAra hone ke lie bhagavAn ne do mArga batalAe haiN| arthAt inhIM do kAraNoM se jIva anAdi saMsAra cakra se pAra ho jAte haiMvidyA (jJAna) se aura cAritra se' / tAtparya yaha hai ki jaba taka adhyAtmavidyA samupalabdha nahIM hotI, taba taba dharmAdharma Adi kA samyakbodha nahIM ho sakatA / samyakbodha ke abhAva meM AtmA aura karmoM kA jo paraspara kSIra-nIravat sambandha ho rahA hai, usakA jJAna kaise hogA ? yadi karma aura AtmA ke sambandha ke viSaya meM anabhijJatA hai to phira unheM pRthaka-pRthaka karane ke lie arthAt-ina donoM ke saMyoga-sambandha ko tor3ane ke lie puruSArtha kaise ho sakegA ? ataH sarvaprathama zra tavidyA-zAstrajJAna ke adhyayana karane kI aura tatpazcAt cAritra ke mAdhyama se AtmA se karmoM ko pRthak karane hetu mahAvrata, gupti, samiti, zramaNadharma, anuprekSA, parISahajaya, tyAga-tapa, pratyAkhyAna Adi kI kriyAe~ apanAne kI atyanta AvazyakatA hai| aura zAstrAdhyayana ke dvArA adhyAtma-vidyA prApta karAne kI mahatI sevA upAdhyAya karate haiM / isI sevA ke phalasvarUpa unheM mokSa prApta hotA hai| upAdhyAya ke paccIsa guNa upAdhyAya ke mukhyatayA paccIsa guNa zAstra meM batAe gae haiN| ve isa prakAra haiM -(1-12) bAraha aMga ke pAThaka vettA (adhyetA aura jJAtA), (13-14) caraNa saptati (sattarI) aura karaNa saptati (sattarI), (15 se 22) ATha prakAra kI prabhAvanA se dharma kA prabhAva bar3hAne vAle aura (23-24-25) 1 (pra0) 'Ayariya-uvajjhAeNaM bhaMte ! savisayaMsi gaNaMsi agilAe saMgiNhamANe agilAe uvagiNhamANe katihiM bhavagAhaNehi sijjhati jAva aMtaM kareti ?' (u0) goyamA ! atthaigatie teNeva bhavaggahaNeNaM sijjhati, atthegatie docceNaM bhavagaggahaNeNaM sijjhati, taccaM puNa bhavaggahaNaM NAtikkamati / -bhagavatI sUtra za0 5, u0 6, sU0 211 2 dohiM ThANehiM jIve......"vijjAe ceva caritteNa cev| -sthAnAMga sthA0 2
Page #254
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 202 : jaina tatvakalikA -- dvitIya kalikA tInoM yogoM (mana-vacana-kAyA) ko vaza meM karane vAle, ye 25 guNa upAdhyAyazrI ke haiM / ' upAdhyAyajI ke 25 guNa isa prakAra bhI haiM - zruta puruSa ke ekAdaza aMga (zAstra), aura caturdaza pUrva (avayavAMga ) / ina 11 + 14=25 mukhya zAstroM ko svayaM par3he aura bhavya prANiyoM ke kalyANa evaM paropakAra ke lie anya yogya vyaktiyoM (sAdhu-sAdhviyoM yA yogya zrAvakavarga) ko par3hAve / yahI mukhya paccIsa guNa upAdhyAya ke haiM / dvAdaza aMgazAstroM kA paricaya dvAdaza aMgazAstroM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM / (1) AcArAMga, (2) sUtrakRtAMga, (3) sthAnAMga, (4) samavAyaMga, (5) vyAkhyAprajJaptyaMga, (6) jJAtRdharmathAMga, (7) upAsakadazAMga, (8) antakRddazAMga, (E) anuttarIpAtika, (10) praznavyAkaraNa ( 11 ) vipAkasUtra aura (12) dRSTivAda | vizva meM dharma jJAna ke AdhAra para TikA huA hai aura jJAna zAstroM ke AdhAra para TikA huA hai, jinheM jaina zabdAvalI meM 'Agama' kahate haiM / sAdhAraNatayA kevalI bhagavAn kI vANI ke anukUla jitane bhI grantha haiM, ve sabhI zAstra kahalAte haiM / kintu ina saba meM maulika bAraha aMgazAstra hI haiM, jo sAkSAt arihanta bhagavAna kI vANI hai aura jise gaNipiTaka kahate haiM, inakI racanA ' sAkSAt gaNadharoM ke dvArA huI hai / inakA saMkSipta paricaya isa prakAra hai 3 (1) AcArAMga - isake do zra taskandha haiM / prathama zra taskaMdha ke I aura dvitIya zrutaskandha ke 16 adhyayana haiM / isa sUtra ke 85 uddezanakAla haiM / isa aMgazAstra meM paMcAcAra kA bahuta hI sundara DhaMga se choTe-choTe sUtroM meM nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai jaise ki -- jJAnAcAra ( jJAnaviSayaka), darzanAcAra ( darzanaviSayaka), 1 bArasaMgaviU buddhA karaNa-caraNajuo / pabhAvaNA- joganiggaho uvajjhAya guNaM vaMde // 2 jaM imaM arihaMtehi bhagavaMtehi uppaNNanANadaMsaNa dharehi, telukkanirikkhamahiya pUiha tIya paDuppaNamayAgaya jANaehi savvaSNU hi savvadarisIhi paNIyaM duvAla - sagaM gaNipiDagaM taM jahA (1) AyAro, (2) sUyagaDo, (3) ThANaM, (4 samavAo, (5) viyAhapaNNattI, (6) nAyAdhammakahAo, (7) uvAsagadasAo, (8) aMtagaDa - dasAo, (E) aNuttarovavAiyadasAo, (10) paNhAvAgaraNAI, (11) vivAgasuyaM (12) diThivAo / ----nandIsUtra, sU0 40
Page #255
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ upAdhyAya kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa : 203 cAritracAra (cAritra-viSayaka) tapa-AcAra (tapa viSayaka), vIryAcAra, (balavIrya viSayaka), gocaryAcAra (bhikSA-vidhi), vinaya vicAra (vinaya viSayaka zikSA), karmakSaya zikSA, bhASA viSayaka zikSA kA varNana hai / sAtha hI zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra kI kaThora sAdhanA aura caryA kA sundara varNana hai| (2) sUtrakRtAMga- isake do zra taskandha haiN| prathama zra taskandha ke 16 aura dvitIya zra taskandha ke 7 adhyayana haiN| isake prathama zra taskandha meM samaya, vaitAlIya, upasarga parijJA, strI parISaha parijJA, naraka vibhakti, vIra stuti, kuzIla paribhASA, vIryAdhyayana, dharma, samAdhi, mokSa mArga, samavasaraNa, yAthAtathya, grantha, AdAnIya aura gAthA, ye 16 adhyayana haiN| isake dvitIya zra taskandha meM puNDarIka, kriyAsthAna, AhAra parijJA, pratyAkhyAna, anAcAra, AdrakakumAra aura udaka peDhAlaputra ye 7 adhyayana haiM / (3) sthAnAMga sUtra- isameM eka hI zru taskandha hai aura dasa sthAna haiM / eka se lekara dasa saMkhyA vAle bola haiN| (4) samavAyAMga sUtra-isameM bhI eka hI zra taskandha hai / alaga-alaga adhyayana nahIM hai / isameM eka se lekara sau, hajAra, lAkha aura karor3oM kI saMkhyA vAle boloM kA nirdeza hai| dvAdazAMgo kI viSaya sUcI bhI isameM hai| (5) vyAkhyAprajJapti (bhagavatI) sUtra- isa aMga meM eka zru taskandha, 41 zataka, aura eka hajAra uddezanakAla haiN| isameM ihalaukika, pAralaukika, adhyAtma, nIti, niyama, samatva, lezyA, yoga Adi vividha viSayoM se sambandhita 36000 hajAra praznottara haiN| yaha zAstra aMgazAstroM meM sabase bar3A aura mahattvapUrNa hai| (6) jJAtAdharmakathAMga-isa sUtra ke do zru taskandha haiM / prathama zru taskandha meM 19 adhyayana haiM aura dvitIya zra taskandha meM 206 adhyayana haiM / bhagavAn pArzva nAtha kI 206 AryAe~ saMyama meM zithila hokara deviyA~ huIM, unakA 10 vargoM meM varNana haiM / isameM jJAtaputra bhagavAn mahAvIra dvArA pratipAdita dharmakathAe~ haiN| (7) upAsakadazAMga-isa aMga meM eka zra taskandha aura dasa adhyayana haiN| ina dasa adhyayanoM meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke dasa zreSTha zramaNopAsakoM kA varNana hai| ina dasa zrAvakoM kI dinacaryA tathA unake dvArA gRhIta vratoM kA sundara varNana haiN| (8) antakRdazAMga-isa aMgazAstra meM eka tha taskandha hai, 8 varga haiM aura 60 adhyayana haiM / isameM anta samaya meM kevalajJAna prApta kara jina 90
Page #256
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 204 : jaina tattvakalikA - dvitIya kalikA mahApuruSoM ne nirvANa pada prApta kiyA hai, unake pUrva - jIvana kA aura dIkSAgrahaNa ke pazcAt mokSa prApti taka ke jIvana kA varNana hai / (E) anuttaropapAtikadazAMga -- isa sUtra meM una vyaktiyoM kA varNana hai jo tapa-saMyama ke bala para vijaya, vaijayanta, jayanta, aparAjita aura sarvArthasiddha vimAnoM meM utpanna hue haiN| isameM 3 varga tathA 33 adhyayana haiM / (10) praznavyAkaraNasUtra - isa sUtra ke do taskandha haiM / prathama zru taskandha meM 5 AsravadvAroM ke 5 adhyayana haiM, tathA dUsare zrutaskandha meM pA~ca saMvaradvAroM ke 5 adhyayana haiM / (11) vipAka sUtra - isake do zrutaskandha haiM / pahalA duHkhavipAka aura dUsarA sukhavipAka / duHkhavipAka meM pApI jIvoM kA tathA sukhavipAka puNyazAlI jIvoM kA varNana hai / (12) dRSTivAda - isa aMgazAstra kA vartamAna samaya meM viccheda ho gayA hai / isameM pAMca vastu ( vatthu ) thIM / ve isa prakAra - (1) parikrama, (2) sUtra, (3) pUrva, (4) anuyoga aura (5) cUlikA / isako tRtIya vastu (vat) meM caudaha pUrvI kA samAveza thaa| caudaha pUrvI ke nAma isa prakAra haiM-- (1) utpAdapUrva, (2) AgrAyaNIyapUrva, (3) vIrya - pravAda pUrva, (3) astinAstipravAda pUrva, (5) jJAnapravAda pUrva, (6) satyapravAda pUrva, (7) AtmapravAda pUrva, (8) karmapravAda pUrva, (7) pratyAkhyAna pUrva, (10) vidyApravAda pUrva, (11) kalyANapravAda pUrva, (12) prANapravAda pUrva, (13) kriyAvizAla pUrva, aura (14) lokabindusAra pUrva / jisa samaya ye bAraha aMga pUrNa rUpa se vidyamAna the, usa samaya upAdhyAyajI ina saba meM pAraMgata hote the / vartamAna meM vidyamAna gyAraha aMgoM kA jitanA - jitanA bhAga avazeSa rahA hai / usake jJAtA aura pAThaka ko upAdhyAya kahate haiM / dvAdaza upAMgoM kA varNana jisa prakAra zarIra ke mukhya aMgoM ke atirikta hAtha, paira Adi upAMga hote haiM, usI prakAra Agama puruSa ke AcArAMga Adi bAraha aMgoM ke bAraha upAMga haiM / jisa aMga meM jisa viSaya kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| usa viSaya kA AvazyakatAnusAra vizeSa kathana usake upAMga meM hai / ' 1 kucha AcAryoM ke matAnusAra 11 aMga, 12 upAMga, caraNasaptati aura karaNa saptati yoM kula milAkara 25 guNa upAdhyAyajI ke haiM / isalie yahA~ upAMgoM kA paricaya de rahe haiM / - saMpAdaka
Page #257
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ upAdhyAya kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa : 205 (1) aupapAtika sUtra - yaha AcArAMga sUtrakA upAMga mAnA jAtA hai / isameM campAnagarI, koNika rAjA, bhagavAn mahAvIra, sAdhu ke guNa, tapa ke ke 12 bheda, tIrthaMkaroM ke samavasaraNa kI racanA, cAra gatiyoM meM utpanna hone ke kAraNa, mukti-prApti kI prakriyA, samudghAta, mokSasukha Adi viSayoM kA vistRta varNana kiyA gayA hai / (2) rAjapraznIya sUtra - yaha sUtrakRtAMga kA upAMga mAnA jAtA hai / isameM tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha kI paramparA ke zramaNa zrI kezIsvAmI ke sAtha zvetAmbikA nagarI ke bhUtapUrva nAstika rAjA pradezI kA AtmA ke viSaya meM sundara saMvAda ullikhita hai / (3) jIvAbhigama - ise sthAnAMga sUtra kA upAMga mAnA jAtA hai / isameM DhAI dvIpa, caubIsa daNDaka, vijayapoliyA Adi kA varNana hai / (4) prajJApanA sUtra - ise samavAyAMga sUtra kA upAMga mAnA jAtA hai / isake chattIsa pada haiM, isameM jIva aura ajIva ke sambandha meM vividha pahaluoM se prajJApanA - prarUpaNA kI gaI hai / (5) jambUdvIpaprajJapti sUtra - isakA viSaya isake nAma se hI spaSTa hai / ise bhagavatI sUtra kA upAMga mAnA jAtA hai / isameM jambUdvIpa ke kSa etra, parvata, nadI Adi kA vistRta varNana hai / isake atirikta chaha AroM kA, RSabhadeva bhagavAn, bharata cakravartI dvArA SaTa khaNDa sAdhana tathA yaugalika manuSyoM kA bhI varNana hai / (6) candraprajJapti sUtra - ise jJAtAdharmakathAMga kA upAMga mAnA jAtA hai / isameM candramA ke vimAna, maNDala, gati, nakSatra, yoga, grahaNa, rAhu tathA candra ke pA~ca saMvatsara Adi viSayoM kA varNana hai / (7) sUrya prajJapti sUtra - ise bhI jJAtA dharmakathAMga sUtra kA dUsarA upAMga mAnA gayA hai / isameM sUrya ke vimAna maNDaloM kA uttarAyaNa dakSiNAyana, parvarAhu, gaNitAMga, dinamAna, sUryasaMvatsara Adi kA savistAra varNana hai / (8) nirayAvalikAsUtra - yaha upAsakadazAMga kA upAMga mAnA jAtA hai / isake dasa adhyayana haiM / inameM zreNika rAjA ke kAla, sukAla Adi narakagAmI rAjakumAroM kA varNana hai / Metfore ke dvArA apane pitA zreNika ko mArakara svayaM rAjA banane evaM apane choTe bhAI halla-vihalla kumAra se navasarA hAra aura siMcAnaka hAthI balAt lene ke lie ceTaka rAjA ke sAtha ghora saMgrAma karane kA vistRta varNana
Page #258
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 206 : jaina tattvakalikA - dvitIya kalikA hai / isa ratha - mUsala aura mahAzilAkaMTaka saMgrAma meM eka karor3a assI lAkha manuSyoM kA saMhAra huA, jinameM se eka devagati meM, eka manuSya gati meM aura zeSa saba naraka gati aura tiryaJca gati meM utpanna hue| hAra deva le gae; hAthI Aga kI khAI meM girakara mara gayA, ityAdi parigrahAsakti ke kaTu pariNAmoM kA preraka varNana isa sUtra meM hai / (e) kalpAvartasikA sUtra - ise antakRddazAMgasUtra kA upAMga mAnA jAtA hai / isameM dasa adhyayana haiM, jinameM zreNika rAjA ke pautra kAlika Adi dasa kumAroM ke putra padma, mahApadma Adi dIkSA lekara, saMyama pAlana karake kalpAvataMsaka devaloka meM utpanna hue; ityAdi varNana hai / (10) puSpikA sUtra - yaha anuttaropapAtika sUtra kA upAMga mAnA jAtA hai| isameM dasa adhyayana haiN| isameM candra, sUrya, zukra, mAnabhadra Adi kI pUrva-janma kI dharmakaraNIkA tathA somala brAhmaNa evaM zrIpArzvanAtha svAmI kA saMvAda aura bahuputrikA devI kA varNana hai / (11) puSpacUlikA sUtra - ise praznavyAkaraNa sUtra kA upAMga mAnA gayA hai / isameM 12 adhyayana haiM / bhagavAn pArzvanAtha kI dasa virAdhaka sAdhviyA~ - zrI, hrI, dhRti, kIrti, buddhi, lakSmI, ilA, surA, rasA aura gandhA -- jo yahA~ se kAla karake deviyA~ banIM, unakA varNana isa sUtra meM hai / (12) vRSNidazA sUtra - yaha vipAkasUtra kA upAMga mAnA jAtA hai / isameM balabhadrajI ke niSar3hakumAra Adi putroM kA varNana hai, jo saMyama dhAraNa karake anuttara vimAnavAsI deva hue / nirayAvalikA, kalpAvartasikA, puSpikA, puSpacUlikA aura vRSNidazA ina pAMcoM upAMga zAstroM kA eka yUtha hai, jo nirayAvalikA nAma se prasiddha hai / ina bAraha upAMgoM ke tathA cAra mUla sUtroM (uttarAdhyayana, dazavaikAlika. nandIsUtra aura anuyogadvAra ) ke evaM cAra cheda sUtroM (dazAzru taskandha, bRhatkalpa, vyavahArasUtra aura nizIthasUtra' ) ke bhI upAdhyAyazrI jJAtA aura pAThaka hote haiM / karaNasaptati se yukta upAdhyAya jI ke guNoM meM eka guNa hai-- karaNasaptati se yukta / karaNa kA artha hai - jisa avasara para jo kriyA karaNIya ho, use karanA / 1 ina sabakA vistRta varNana Age 'sUtra dharma' ke prakaraNa meM kiyA jaaegaa| saM
Page #259
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ upAdhyAya kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa : 207 karaNa eka jaina pAribhASika zabda hai / karaNa sattara' prakAra kA haiazana Adi cAra prakAra kI piNDavizuddhi, pAMca prakAra kI samiti, bAraha prakAra kI bhAvanA, bAraha prakAra kI bhikSapratimA, pAMca prakAra kA indriyanirodha, paccIsa prakAra ko pratilekhanA, tIna guptiyA~ aura cAra prakAra kA abhigraha, yaha sattara prakAra kA karaNa hai| caraNasaptati se yukta upAdhyAyajI ke guNoM meM eka guNa hai-caraNasaptati se yukta honaa| caraNa kA artha hai-cAritra / 'caraNa' aura 'karaNa' meM antara yaha hai ki jisakA nitya AcaraNa kiyA jAe use caraNa kahate haiM aura jo prayojana hone para kiyA jAe aura prayojana na hone para na kiyA jAe. use 'karaNa' kahate haiM / ___ karaNa ke samAna caraNa ke bhI sattara prakAra haiM-pA~ca mahAvrata, kSamA Adi dazavidha zramaNadharma, satraha prakAra kA saMyama, dasa vaiyAvatya, nau brahmacaya kI gupti, jJAna-darzana-cAritrarUpa ratnatraya, bAraha prakAra kA tapa aura cAra kaSAyoM kA nigraha; yaha sattara prakAra kA caraNa hai| ATha prakAra kI prabhAvanAoM se sampanna upAdhyAyajI mahArAja ATha prakAra kI prabhAvanAoM se sampanna hote haiM / prabhAvanA kA abhiprAya yahAM dharma kI prabhAvanA karanA hai| upAdhyAyajI ina guNoM se dharma-prabhAvanA karate haiM / prabhAvanA ko samyagdarzana kA aMga bhI kahA jAtA hai| prabhAvanA mukhyatayA 8 prakAra se hotI hai / ve ATha prakAra ye haiM (1) pravacana prabhAvanA-sabhI jaina zAstroM, prasiddha jaina granthoM tathA SaDdarzanoM evaM nyAyazAstra Adi aneka granthoM kA adhyayana, manana, cintana, karaNa saptati ke 70 boloM meM se nirdoSa AhAra, vastra, pAtra aura sthAna kA sevana yaha caturvidha piNDavizuddhi hai, jisakA varNana eSaNA samiti meM ho cukA hai| sAdhu kI bAraha pratimAeM kAyakleza tapa ke antargata haiN| indriyanigraha pratisaMlInatA tapa meM varNita hai| pratilekhana caturtha samiti meM tathA tIna guptiyoM kA kathana cAritrAcAra meM A cukA hai| -sampAdaka 2 piMDavisohI, samiI, bhAvaNA, paDimA, idiynniggho| paDilehaNaM guttIo, abhiggahaM ceva karaNaM tu // --oghaniyuktibhASya 3 vaya samaNadhamma, saMjama veyAvaccaM ca bNbhguttiio| nANAitiyaM tavaM kohaniggahAI caraNameyaM // -oghaniyuktibhASya
Page #260
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 208 : jaina tattvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA nididhyAsana karake, unake artha, bhAvArtha, paramArtha ko grahaNa karake, anuprekSA ke sAtha AvattipUrvaka smaraNa karanA aura samaya para use isa DhaMga se abhivyakta karanA, jisase kisI bhI mata kA zrotA prabhAvita hokara saddharma kI ora unmukha ho jaay| (2) dharmakathA-prabhAvanA-cAra prakAra kI dharmakathAoM meM se yathAvasara kisI eka prakAra kI dharmakathA (dharmopadeza) dvArA dharma saMgha kI prabhAvanA karanA, dharmakathA prabhAvanA hai| dharmakathA cAra prakAra kI haiN| ve isa prakAra-(1) AkSe piNIkisI viSaya kA aisA sundara aura yuktisaMgata varNana karanA, jisase zrotA citralikhita se hokara use zravaNa karane meM tallIna ho jAe / (2) vikSa piNI -jo vyakti sanmArga ko chor3akara unmArga kI ora bar3ha rahA hai, yA calA gayA, use punaH sanmArga se sthApita karane ke lie upadeza denA / (3) saMveginIjisa kathA se hRdaya meM vairAgya bhAva umar3e; aura (4) nivedinI jisa kathA ko sunakara zrotA ko cittavRtti saMsAra se yA pApakarmoM se nivRtti dhAraNa kre| (3) vAda prabhAvanA-kisI sthAna para jaina-dharma meM sthita dharmAtmA puruSa ko gumarAha karake dharmabhraSTa karane kA prayatna cala rahA ho, athavA sAdhuoM kI avahelanA karake deva-guru-dharma kI mahimA kama kI jA rahI ho, vahA~ pahu~ca kara apane zuddha AcAra-vicAra dvArA unheM satyAsatya kA bheda samajhAkara, una vyaktiyoM ko dharma meM sthira hone meM sahAyatA denA, athavA vAda-vivAda kA prasaMga ho to satyapakSa kA maNDana karate hue mithyApakSa kA khaNDana krnaa| (4) trikAlajJa prabhAvanA-jambUdvIpaprajJapti Adi zAstroM meM kathita bhUgola kA jJAtA bananA, khagola, jyotiSa, nimitta Adi vidyAoM meM pAraMgata honA, jisase trikAla sambandhI zubhAzubha bAtoM kA jJAna ho sake aura vaha hAni-lAbha, sukha-duHkha, jIvana-maraNa Adi jAnakara jana sAmAnya ke upakAra aura kalyANa ke hetu prakAzita kara sake, sAtha hI vipatti ke samaya sAvadhAna rahakara jinazAsana kA prabhAva bar3hA ske| (5) tapaH prabhAvanA-yathAzakti duSkara tapasyA karanA, jisase janatA ke citta meM usakA atyanta prabhAva par3e, ve ahobhAva se tapasyA ke prabhAva ko dekhakara svayaM tapazcaraNa ke lie prerita hoN|
Page #261
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ upAdhyAya kA sarvAmINa svarUpa : 206 (6) vrataprabhAvanA-ghI, dUdha, dahI Adi vigaiyoM (vikRtikArI padArthoM) kA tyAga, alpa upadhi, mauna, kaThora abhigraha, kAyotsarga, yauvana meM indriyanigraha, duSkara kriyA Adi kA AcaraNa karake dharma kA prabhAva bddh'aanaa| (7) vidyAprabhAvanA-rohiNI, prajJapti, parakAya-praveza, gaganagAminI Adi vidyAoM tathA mantra zakti, aMjanasiddhi, guTikA, rasasiddhi Adi aneka vidyAoM (devI-maMtroM) meM upAdhyAya mahArAja pravINa hoM; phira bhI inakA prayoga na kreN| yadi jaina dharma kI prabhAvanA kA koI vizeSa avasara A jAe to usakA prayoga kara sakate haiM kintu isake lie yaha vidhAna hai ki bAda meM usakA prAyazcitta avazya grahaNa karake zuddha hoN| (E) kavitva prabhAvanA-nAnA prakAra ke chaMda, kavitA, DhAla, stavana, Adi kAvyoM kI racanA dvArA gUr3ha aura durUha viSaya ko rasaprada banAkara AtmajJAna kI zakti prApta karanA aura una kavitAoM ke mAdhyama se jaina dharma kI prabhAvanA bddh'aanaa| - ina ATha prakAra kI prabhAvanAoM meM se kisI bhI prabhAvanA dvArA jainadharma kI mahimA evaM garimA ko bar3hAnA, janatA ko prabhAvita karake jainadharmarasika bnaanaa| prabhAvanA se kisI prakAra kA camatkAra paidA ho, yA usase logoM meM apanI pratiSThA yA prazaMsA hoto ho to usakA garva na kare / aneka guNasampanna evaM samartha hokara bhI sadaiva nirabhimAna evaM namra rahe / isa prakAra dvAdazAMgI ke pAThaka, karaNa saptati evaM caraNa saptati ke guNoM se yukta, ATha prabhAvanAoM ke dhAraka aura tIna yogoM kA nigraha karane vAle, ye upAdhyAyajI ke 25 guNa haiM / ' upAdhyAyajI kI solaha upamAe~ ... uttarAdhyayana satra meM upAdhyAya (bahazra ta) ko solaha upamAe~, unakI vizeSatAoM ko prakAzita karane ke lie dI gaI haiM, ve isa prakAra haiN| (1) zaMkhopama-zaMkha meM bharA huA dUdha kharAba nahIM hotA, balki vizeSa zobhA pAtA hai, vaise hI upAdhyAyajI dvArA prApta jJAna naSTa nahIM hotA, 1 koI-koI AcArya gyAraha aMga aura bAraha upAMga ke pAThaka tathA caraNa-sattarI aura karaNasattarI ke guNoM se yukta; yoM 25 guNa upAdhyAyajI ke batAte haiN| -saM. 2 uttarAdhyayana sUtra a. 11 gA0 15 se 30 taka
Page #262
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 210 : jaina tattvakalikA - dvitIya kalikA for adhika zobhA pAtA hai / vAsudeva ke pAMcajanya zaMkha kI dhvani sunakara jaise zatru senA bhAga jAtI hai, vaise hI upAdhyAya kI upadeza dhvani sunakara mithyAtva evaM mithyAjJAna palAyana kara jAte haiM / * (2) kAmboja azvopama - sarvAbhUSaNa - susajjita kAmbojadezIya kanthaka azva jaise jAtimAn aura vegavAna hone se donoM prakAra se zobhA pAtA hai, vaise hI sarvazAstrajJAna se susajjita upAdhyAya svAdhyAya aura pravacana kI madhura dhvani-vAdyoM se zobhAyamAna hote haiM / (3) cAraNAdi- virudAvalItulya- jaise bhATa, cAraNa Adi dvArA kI gaI virudAvalI se protsAhita hokara zUravIra subhaTa zatru ko parAjita kara dete haiM, vaise hI upAdhyAyajI catuvidha saMgha kI guNotkIrttanarUpa virudAvalI se utsAhita hokara mithyAtva ko parAjita karate hue suzobhita hote haiM / (4) vRddhahastIsama -- jaise vRddha hastI hathiniyoM ke vRnda se suzobhita hotA hai, vaise hI zruta-siddhAnta jJAna kI praur3hatA se yukta upAdhyAya aneka jJAnI-dhyAniyoM ke vRnda se parivRta hokara zobhA pAte haiM / (5) tIkSNa zRgayukta dhaureya vRSabhasama - jisa prakAra aneka gAyoM ke jhuNDa se yukta tathA donoM tokhe sIMgoM vAlA dhaureya baila zobhA pAtA hai, vaise hI upAdhyAya muniyoM ke vRnda se yukta evaM nizcayanaya vyavahAranaya rUpa donoM sIMgoM se yukta hokara zobhA pAte haiM / * (6) tIkSNa dADhAyukta kesarIsiMhasama - jaise tIkSNa dAr3hoM se yukta kezarIsiMha vanacaroM ko kSubdha karatA huA zobhA pAtA hai, vaise hI upAdhyAya zrI saptanarUpa tIkSNa dAr3hoM se prativAdiyoM kA mAnamardana karate hue suzobhita hote haiN| (7) saptaratnayukta vAsudevasama - - - jaise trikhaNDAdhipati vAsudeva sAtaratnoM se suzobhita hote haiM, vaise hI jJAnAdi ratnatrayarUpa trikhaNDa para adhikAra prApta saptanayarUpI saptaratnoM ke dhAraka upAdhyAyajI karmazatruoM ko parAjita karate hue zobhA pAte haiM / 6. (8) SaTkhaNDAdhipati cakravartIsama - jaise SaTkhaNDAdhipati evaM 14 ratnoM ke dhAraka cakravartI zobhA pAte haiM, usI prakAra SaTdravyajJAna ke adhikRta jJAtA tathA caturdaza pUrva rUpa caturdaza ratna-dhAraka upAdhyAyajI zobhA pAte haiM / (e) sahasranetra - devAdhipati zakra endrasama - jaise sahasranetradhAraka evaM asaMkhya devoM kA adhipati zakrendra vajrAyudha se zobhA pAtA hai, usI prakAra
Page #263
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ upAdhyAya kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa : 211 sahasroM tarka-vitarka vAle tathA anekAnta - syAdavAdarUpa vajra ke dhAraka asaMkhya bhavya prANiyoM ke adhipati upAdhyAyajI suzobhita hote haiM / (10) sahasrAMzu sUryasama - jaise sahasra kiraNoM se jAjvalyamAna apratima prabhA se andhakAra ko naSTa karane vAlA sUrya gaganamaNDala meM zobhA pAtA hai, usI prakAra nirmalajJAna rUpI kiraNoM se mithyAtva aura ajJAna ke andhakAra ko naSTa karane vAle upAdhyAyajI jaina saMgharUpa gagana meM suzobhita hote haiM / (11) zArada candropama - jaise grahoM, nakSatroM aura tArAgaNa se ghirA huA zarada pUrNimA kI rAtri ko nirmala aura manohara banAne vAlA candramA apanI samasta kalAoM se suzobhita hotA hai, usI prakAra sAdhugaNa rUpa grahoM, sAdhvIgaNa rUpa nakSatroM evaM zrAvaka-zrAvikA rUpa tArA maNDala se ghire hue bhUmaNDala ko manohara banAte hue jJAnarUpa kalAoM se upAdhyAyajI zobhA pAte haiM / (12) dhAnya koSThAgArasama - jaise -- cUhe Adi ke upadravoM se rahita aura sudRr3ha dvAroM se avaruddha tathA vividha dhAnyoM se paripUrNa koThAra zobhA detA hai | vaise hI nizcaya - vyavahAra rUpa sudRr3ha kapAToM se yukta tathA 19 aMga, 12 upAMga jJAnarUpa dhAnyoM se paripUrNa upAdhyAya zobhA pAte haiM / (13) jambU sudarzana vRkSasama - jaise uttara kurukSetra meM jambUdvIpa kSetra ke adhiSThAtA aNADhaya (anAhata) deva kA nivAsa sthAna jambUsudarzana vRkSa patta e, phUla, phala Adi se suzobhita hotA hai / usI prakAra upAdhyAyajI Arya 1 kSetra meM jJAna rUpI vRkSa banakara aneka guNarUpI patra-puSpa - phaloM se zobhA pAte haiM / (14) sItAnadItulya - jaise mahAvideha kSetra kI sItAmahAnadI 532000 nadiyoM ke parivAra se zobhita hotI hai usI prakAra upAdhyAyajI hajAroM zrotAoM ke parivAra se zobhAyamAna hote haiM / (15) sumeruparvatasama - jaise parvatarAja sumeru uttama auSadhiyoM aura cAra vanoM se suzobhita hotA hai, vaise hI upAdhyAyajI aneka labdhiyoM se zobhA pAte haiM / (16) svayambhUramaNa samudrasama - vizAlatama svayambhUramaNa samudra akSaya susvAdu jala se suzobhita hotA hai usI prakAra akSaya jJAna se pUrNa upAdhyAyajI usa jJAna ko bhavyajIvoM ke lie rucikara zailI meM prakaTa karate hue zobhA pAte haiM /
Page #264
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 212 : jaina tattvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA isa prakAra upAdhyAyajI aneka guNoM se yukta hokara virAjamAna hote haiN| upAdhyAya kI vizeSatA upAdhyAyajI vItarAga prabhu aura unake vItarAga vijJAna ke prati bhaktimAn, acapala (zAnta), kautukarahita (gambhIra), nizchala, niSprapaMca, maitrIbhAvanA rakhane vAle hote haiN| ve jJAna ke bhaNDAra hote hue bhI nirabhimAna, paradoSadarzana-rahita, zatru nindA se dUra, klezahIna, indriyavijayI, lajjAzIla Adi aneka vizeSatAoM se yukta hote haiM / upAdhyAyajI' 'jina' nahIM parantu jina ke sadRza sAkSAt jJAna kA prakAza karate haiN| ___ samudra ke samAna gambhIra dUsaroM se aparAbhUta (kaSToM se abAdhita) avicalita, aparAjeya tathA zru tajJAna se paripUrNa, SaTakAya ke rakSaka zrI upAdhyAya (bahuzruta) mahArAja karmoM kA kSaya karake uttamagati mokSa ko prApta hue haiN| sAdhaka jIvana meM viveka aura vijJAna kI bahuta bar3I AvazyakatA hai| bheda vijJAna ke dvArA jar3a aura cetana (zarIra aura AtmA) ke pRthakkaraNa kA bhAna hone para hI sAdhaka apanA jIvana U~cA aura Adarza banA sakatA hai; aura ukta AdhyAtmika vidyA ke zikSaNa kA bhAra upAdhyAya para hai / upAdhyAya mAnava-jIvana kI antaHprathiyoM ko bahuta hI sUkSma paddhati se sulajhAte haiM aura anAdikAla se ajJAnAndhakAra meM bhaTakate hue bhavya prANiyoM ko viveka kA-samyagjJAna kA prakAza dekara ajJAna, moha kI granthiyoM se vimukta karAte haiM / yahI upAdhyAya kI vizeSatA hai| isI kAraNa upAdhyAya ko guru pada meM dvitIya sthAna diyA gayA hai| 1 'ajiNA jiNa saMkAsA' 2 samuddagaMbhIrasamA durAsayA acakkiyA keNai dupphNsyaa| suyassa puNNA viulassa tAiNo, khavitta kammaM gaimuttamaM gayA / -uttarAdhyayana a011 gA0 31
Page #265
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sAdhu kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa paMca parameSThI meM pA~cavA~ aura gurupada meM tRtIya sthAna 'sAdhu' kA hai / sAdha kA pada bar3e hI mahattva kA hai / sAdhu sarvavirati sAdhanA patha kA prathama yAtrI hai | sAdhupada mUla hai / AcArya, upAdhyAya aura arihanta tInoM pada isI sAdhupada ke vikasita rUpa haiM / arthAt - sAdhu hI upAdhyAya, AcArya aura arihanta taka pahu~catA hai; vikAsa karatA hai aura anta meM siddha bana jAtA hai / sAdhutva ke abhAva meM ukta tInoM padoM kI bhUmikA para kathamapi nahIM pahu~cA jA sakatA / ataH sAdhupada hI zramaNa saMgha aura zramaNadharma kA AdhAra evaM nIMva kA patthara hai / sAdhu kA artha aura lakSaNa sAdhu zabda kA mUlataH artha hai - sAdhaka | sAdhanA karane vAlA sAdhaka hotA hai / prazna hotA hai-kisa bAta kI sAdhanA ? isake kaI prakAra ke uttara haiM(1) jo AtmArtha kI sAdhanA karatA hai, vaha sAdhu hai / (2) jo svaparahita kI sAdhanA karatA hai, vaha sAdhu hai / (3) jo samyagdarzana -jJAna - cAritrarUpa mokSamArga kI sAdhanA karatA hai| athavA mokSa kI sAdhanA meM nirantara prayatnazIla rahatA hai, vaha sAdhu hai / (4) jo vyakti AtmA kI vizuddhi ke lie usI kI ora dhyAna ekAgra karake, ekamAtra mokSa ke lie hI Atma-sAdhanA karatA hai, use sAdhu kahate haiM / ' isake atirikta eka artha aura hai-- jisakA caritra 'sAdhU' yAnI sundara ho, vaha sAdhu hai / 1 (ka) AtmArthaM sAdhayatIti sAdhuH (kha) svaparahitaM sAdhayatIti sAdhuH / (ga) sAdhnoti mokSamArgamiti sAdhuH / (gha) sAdhayanti jJAnAdizaktibhirmokSamiti sAdhavaH /
Page #266
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 214 : jaina tatvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA vastutaH sAdhu vahI kahalAtA hai jo parabhAva kA nivAraka aura svabhAva (AtmasvabhAva) kA sAdhaka hai, paradravya meM iSTAniSTa bhAva ko roka kara jo Atmatattva meM ramaNa karatA hai| jise na jIvana kA moha hai aura na maraNa kA bhaya; na isa loka meM Asakti hai, na paraloka meM / vaha mukhyatayA zuddhopayoga meM rahatA hai aura gauNarUpa se zubhopayoga meM parantu azubhopayoga meM vaha kadApi utarakara nahIM aataa| usakI jIvana-saritA satata AtmasvarUpa meM bahatI hai / vikAra mukti athavA karmamukti hI usakI jIvana yAtrA kA ekamAtra aura antima lakSya hai| Atmadarzana evaM AtmAnubhava hI usake jIvana kA nitya raTana hotA hai| samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritrarUpa ratnatraya kI ArAdhanA hI usakI saccI sAdhanA hai| sAdha kI sAdhanA sAmAyika-samatvayoga se prArambha hotI hai, ataH usakI samatvasAdhanA kA antima dhyeya-siddhatva hai| AtmazAnti aura Atmasiddhi kI zodha meM samyagjJAna-darzana-cAritrarUpa ratnatraya kA ujjvala prakAza lekara AtmA se paramAtmA banane ke patha para agrasara hotA hai, vahI Adarza sAdhu hai| ... Adarza sAdhu duniyA kI Rddhi ko tyAgakara Atmasiddhi kA amara sAdhaka banatA hai| vaha paramatattva kI khoja meM jJAna aura kriyA kA avalambana lekara apanI AtmA kI pUrNazakti se satata gatimAna rahatA hai / vaha saMsAra ke kSetra meM dharma ke pavitra saMskAroM kA vAtAvaraNa banAkara ratnatraya kI sAdhanA ke zikhara para tIvragati se bar3hatA jAtA hai| usake jIvana ke kaNa-kaNa meM ahiMsA kI sugandha mahakatI hai aura satya kA Aloka camakatA hai / usakI ahisAtmaka amatadaSTi jaMgala meM bhI maMgala kara detI hai, viSa ko bhI amata meM badala detI hai, zatru ko bhI mitra banA detI hai| vaha jagat ke viSa ko zAntipUrvaka pIkara badale meM parama prasanna mudrA se amRta kI vRSTi karatA hai| - jo itanA kSamAdhArI hai ki patthara pheMkane vAle para bhI suvacanapuSpavarSA karatA hai; gAlI dene vAle ke prati bhI AzIrvacana-maMgala udgAra nikAlatA hai / apakArI ke prati bhI upakAra karake apanI divyatA kI upalabdhi ke darzana karAtA hai| usake sneha kI zItala dhArA dvaSa ke dhadhakate dAvAnala ko bhI bujhA detI hai| usake prema kA jAdU pApI ke kaThoratama hRdaya ko bhI pasIjane kA avasara detA hai / vaha pApI ko nahIM, usakI pApamaya manodazA ko anucita mAnatA hai aura AtmIyatA ke amata vacana jala se usake pApa kA prakSAlana kara detA hai|
Page #267
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sAdhu kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa : 215 Adaza sAdha kSamAmUrti hotA hai| usake zAnta hRdaya meM krodha ko sUkSma rekhA bhI kabhI nahIM ubharatI / kSamA ke zAnti-mantra se vaha jagat ke kalaha, kleza aura kSobha ke roga ko zAnta kara detA hai| sundara apsarA ho athavA kurUpa kubjA, donoM hI jisako daSTi meM kevala kASTha kI pUtalI-sama haiN| kaMcana aura kAminI kA aisA saccA tyAgI sAdha lobha aura moha ke viSAkta vANoM se viddha nahIM hotA / vaha apane antarjIvana kI vipula adhyAtma samRddhi ke akSaya koSa kA ekamAtra svatantra adhikArI va svAmI hotA hai| isalie vaha cakravartiyoM kA bhI cakravartI aura samrAToM kA bhI samrATa hotA hai / ___ vaha pApa ke phala se nahIM, pApavRtti se hI dUra rahatA hai tathA sadaiva zuddha aura zubha bhAvoM meM ramaNa karatA hai / vaha duniyA ke prazaMsAtmaka yA nindAtmaka, athavA mohaka yA utta jaka zabdoM kI apekSA antarAtmA kI AvAja ko bahumAna dekara calatA hai| vaha apane sarala, nizchala, niSpApa evaM zraddhA-prajJA se samanvita jIvana se mAnava samAja ko zramaNa saMskRti kA marma samajhAtA hai / sAMsArika vAsanAoM ko tyAgakara jo pA~ca indriyoM ko apane vaza meM rakhate haiM; brahmacarya kI nau bAr3oM kI rakSA karate haiM, krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha para yathAzakya vijaya prApta karate haiM; ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura aparigraharUpa pAMca mahAvratoM kA pAlana karate haiM; pAMca samiti aura tIna guptiyoM kI samyak rUpa ro ArAdhanA karate haiM; jJAnAcAra, darzanAcAra, cAritrAcAra, tapaAcAra aura vIryAcAra, ina pA~ca AcAroM ke pAlana meM aharniza saMlagna rahate haiM; jaina paribhASAnusAra ve sAdhu kahalAte haiN|' sAdhu ke paryAyavAcI zabda aura lakSaNa jainazAstroM meM sAdhu ke lie aneka zabda prayukta haiN| jaise--sAdhu, saMyata, ' virata, anagAra, RSi, muni, yati, nigrantha, bhikSa , zramaNa aadi| ye sabhI paryAyavAcI zabda haiN| zrI sUtrakRtAMgasUtra ke prathama zru taskandha meM sAdhu ke cAra guNasampanna nAmoM kA pratipAdana isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai 1 paciMdiya saMvaraNo taha. navaviha baMbhaceraguttidharo / cauvihakasAyamukko, ia aTThArasaguNehiM saMjutto / paMcamahavvayajutto, paMcavihAyArapAlaNasamattho / paMcasamio tigutto, ii chattIsa guNehiM gurumajjha /
Page #268
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 216 : jaina tattvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA ___ "zrI tIrthaMkara bhagavAn ne indriyoM kA damana karane vAle mokSagamana ke yogya (dravya), tathA kAyA kA vyutsarga karane vAle sAdhu ke cAra nAma isa prakAra kahe haiM-(1) mAhana, (2) zramaNa, (3) bhikSa aura (4) nintha / " ziSya ne prazna kiyA-bhagavan ! dAnta, muktigamanayogya (dravya), kAyotsarga karane vAle ko mAhana, zramaNa, bhikSa aura nigrantha kyoM kahA jAtA hai ? he mahAmune ! kRpayA yaha hameM btlaaie|' bhagavAna ne ziSya kI jijJAsA kA samAdhAna karate hue jo pharamAyA, usakA saMkSipta vivaraNa nimna paMktiyoM meM diyA jA rahA hai / - mAhana-jo samasta pApakarmoM se virata ho cukA hai, kisI se rAga-dveSa nahIM karatA, kalaha nahIM karatA, kisI para mithyA doSAropaNa nahIM karatA, kisI kI cugalI nahIM karatA, dUsare kI nindA nahIM karatA, saMyama meM aprIti aura asaMyama meM prIti nahIM karatA, kapaTa nahIM karatA, kapaTayukta asatya nahIM bolatA, mithyAdarzanazalya se virata rahatA hai, pAMca samitiyoM se yukta hai sadA jitendriya hai, krodha nahIM karatA aura na hI mAna (abhimAna) karatA hai, vaha 'mAhana' kahalAtA hai| zramaNa-jo sAdhu pUrvokta guNoM se yukta hai, use zramaNa bhI kahanA caahie| sAtha hI zramaNa kahalAne ke lie ye guNa bhI hone cAhie-zarIra makAna, vastra-pAtrAdi kisI bhI padArtha meM Asakti na ho, anidAna (ihalaukikapAralaukika sAMsArika viSayabhogarUpa phala ko AkAMkSA se rahita) ho, hiMsA, maSAvAda, maithana aura parigraha se nivRtta ho, krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, rAga-dveSa na kre| isa prakAra jina-jina kAraNoM se AtmA dUSita hotI hai, una saba karma 1 ahAha bhAgavaM-evaM se daMte daviye vosaTThakAe tti vacce (1) mAhaNetti vA, (2) samaNetti vA, (3) bhikkhutti vA, (4) niggaMthetti vA / paDiAha-bhaMte ! kahaM nu dante davie vosaTThakAe tti vacce-- mAhaNetti vA, samaNetti vA, bhikkhUtti vA, niggaMthetti vA ? taM no bUhi mahAmuNI / " -sUtrakRtAMga zru taskandha 1, a0 16, sUtra 1 2 virae savvapAvakammehiM pejja-dosa-kalaha-abbhakkhANa-pesunna-parapari vAya - rati-arati-mAyAmosa --micchAdaMsaNasalla -- virae, sahie, sayA jae, No kujhe No mANI mAhaNetti vucce |-suutrkRtaaNg zrutaskandha 1, a0 16, sUtna 2
Page #269
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sAdhu kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa : 217 bandhana ke kAraNoM se jo pahale se hI nivRtta hai; tathA jo dAnta, mokSagamanayogya, kAyA kI Asakti se rahita hai, use 'zramaNa' kahanA caahie|' bhikSa-jo guNa zramaNa ke kahe haiM, ve saba bhikSa meM hone caahie| sAtha hI bhikSa kahalAne yogya vahI hai--jo abhimAnI nahIM hai, vinIta hai, namra hai, indriyoM aura mana para niyantraNa rakhatA hai, mokSa prApta karane ke yogya hai, kAyA ke prati mamatva kA utsarga kiye hae hai, nAnA prakAra ke upasargoM aura parISahoM ko jItatA (sahatA) hai, adhyAtmayoga se zuddha cAritra vAlA hai, saMyama mArga meM udyata (upasthita) hai, sthitAtmA (sthitaprajJa) hai, jJAna se sampanna hai, dUsaroM (gRhasthoM) ke dvArA diye gaye AhArAdi kA sevana karatA hai, use 'bhikSa' kahanA caahie| nimrantha-nigrantha meM bhikSa ke guNa to hone hI caahie| sAtha hI nigrantha ke anya guNa bhI honA Avazyaka hai| jaise ki-jo rAga-dvoSa rahita hokara rahatA hai, AtmA ke ekatva ko jAnatA hai, vastu ke yathArthasvarUpa kA parijJAtA hai, athavA prabuddha - jAgRta hai, jisane AsravadvAroM ke srota banda kara diye haiM, jo susaMyata hai, (binA prayojana apanI zarIra sambandhI kriyA nahIM karatA), pA~ca samitiyoM se yukta hai, zatra-mitra para samabhAva rakhatA hai, jo AtmA ke sacce svarUpa (AtmavAda) kA vettA hai, jo samasta padArthoM ke svarUpa kA jJAtA . hai, jisane saMsAra ke srota (zubhAzubhakarmoM ke AsravoM ko chinna kara DAlA hai, jo pUjA-satkAra aura lAbha kI AkAMkSA nahIM karatA, jo dharmArthI hai, dharmajJa hai, niyAga (mokSamArga) ko svIkAra kie hue (pratipanna) hai, samatA se yukta athavA samyakatayA samitiyoM se yukta hokara mokSa patha meM vicaraNa karane vAlA (saMyama yAtrI) hai, dAnta hai, mokSa-yogya hai, kAyotsarga 1 ettha vi samaNe aNissie aNiyANe AdANaM ca ativAyaM ca musAvAyaM ca bahiddhaM ca kohaM ca mANaM ca mAyaM ca lohaM ca pijjaM ca dosaM ca; icceva jao AdANaM appaNo paTThosaheU tao tao AyANAo puvvaM paDivirae pANAivAyA siA daMte davie vosaTTakAe samaNetti vcce| -sUtrakRtAMga, zrutaskandha 1, a0 16, sUtra 3 2 ettha vi bhikkhu aNunnae, viNIe nAmae daMte davie vosaTThakAe saMvidhuNIya virUvarUve parIsahovasagge ajjhappajogasuddhAdANe uvaTThie ThiappA saMkhAe paradatta bhoI bhikkhUtti bcce| -sUtrakRtAMga zru taskandha 1, a-16, sUtra 4
Page #270
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 218 : jaina tattvakalikA--dvitIya kalikA kiyA huA (zarIra mamatva kA utsarga kiyA) hai; use nigrantha kahanA caahie|' pA~ca koTi ke nirgrantha zAstra meM pA~ca koTi ke nigrantha batAye haiM (1) pulAkanimrantha-jinhoMne rAgadvaSa kI yA mamatA ko gA~Tha (granthI) kA chedana kara diyA ho, ve nigrantha kahalAte haiM / sabhI muniyoM meM sAmAnya rUpa se yaha lakSaNa ghaTita hotA hai / sarvaprathama pulAka nigrantha haiM / kheta meM gehU~ Adi ke paudhoM ko kATakara unake pUle bA~dhakara Dhera kiyA jAtA hai| unameM dhAnya kama, bhussA-kacarA hI adhika hotA hai| isI prakAra jisa sAdhu meM guNa thor3e aura avaguNa adhika hoM, vaha pulAka nigrantha kahalAtA hai| yaha do prakAra kA hai-labdhi pUlAka aura AsevanA plaak| . (2) bakuzanirgrantha-jaise pUrvokta. pUloM meM se ghAsa dUra karake U~biyoM (bAloM) kA Dhera kiyA jAya to yadyapi pahale kI apekSA kacarA kama ho jAtA hai, phira bhI dhAnya kI apekSA kacarA adhika hotA hai, isI prakAra jo sAdhu guNa-avaguNa donoM ke dhAraka hoM; ve bakuza nigrantha kahalAte haiN| ye bhI do prakAra ke haiM-zarIra bakuza aura upakaraNa bakuza / inakA cAritra sAticAraniraticAra donoM prakAra kA hotA hai|| (3) kuzIla nirgrantha-pUrvokta gehU~ Adi kI U~biyoM (bAloM) ke ukta Dhera meM se ghAsa-miTTI Adi alaga kara die jAe~, khalihAna meM bailoM ke pairoM se kucalavAkara (dA~ya karAkara) dAne alaga kara die jAe~ to usameM dAne aura kacarA donoM lagabhaga samAna hote haiM, usI prakAra jisa sAdhu meM guNa aura avaguNa donoM samAna mAtrA meM hoM, ve kuzIla nimrantha hote haiM / ye bhI do prakAra ke hote haiM-kaSAyakuzIla aura pratisevanA kshiil| inameM saMjvalana kaSAya rahatA hai| . (4) nirgrantha-jaise dhAnya kI rAzi ko havA meM upanane se usameM se kacarA, miTTI Adi alaga ho jAte haiM, kevala thor3e se kaMkara raha jAte haiM, 1 ettha vi niggaMthe ege egaviU buddhe saMchinnasoe, susaMjate, susamite, susAmAie, AyavAyapatte viU duhao vi soyapalicchinne No pUyA-sakkAralAbhaTThI dhammaTThI dhammaviU NiyAgapaDivanne samiyaM care daMte davie vosaTakAe niggaMthetti vcce| -sUtra0 10, 1 a0 16, sUtra 5 2 pulAka-bakuza-kuzIla-nirgrantha-snAtakAH nirganthAH / -tattvArthasUtra a06
Page #271
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sAdhu kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa : 216 vaise hI jinakI pUrNa Atmazuddhi meM kiJcinmAtra truTi raha jAtI hai, ve sAdhu nigrantha kahalAte haiM / nigrantha-nigrantha bhI do prakAra ke hote haiM-upazAnta kaSAya aura kSINa kssaay| aise muni mohanIya karma se pUrNataH nivatta aura sarvathA grantha rahita hote haiN| (5) snAtakanirgrantha-jaise dhAnya ke samasta kaMkara cuna-cunakara nikAla diye jAe~ aura usa dhAnya ko jala se dhokara svaccha kara liyA jAe, usI prakAra jo muni pUrNa vizuddha tathA sarvajJa evaM sarvadarzI hote haiM-ve snAtaka nigrantha kahalAte haiN| inake bhI do prakAra haiM-sayogIkevalI aura ayogiikevlii| isa prakAra pA~coM koTi ke nigranthoM meM yadyapi saMyama ke guNoM meM nyUnAdhikatA hotI hai, tathApi unameM nyUnAdhika rUpa se saMyama ke guNa rahate haiN| isalie pA~coM ko nigrantha mAnakara samAna rUpa se Adara-satkAra, vandana, namaskAra, upAsanA-ArAdhanA karanI caahie| . sAdhu dharma ke yogya-ayogya kauna ? samadarzI AcArya haribhadra sUri ne sAdha dharma ke yogya-adhikArI ke viSaya meM vizada carcA karate hue batAyA hai ki jo Arya deza meM utpanna ho, viziSTa anindya jAti-kulasampanna ho, hatyA, corI Adi mahApApa karane vAlA na ho, saMsAra kI asAratA samajha cukA ho, vairAgyavAn ho, zAnta prakRti vAlA ho, jhagar3Alu na ho, prAmANika ho, namra ho, rAjyavirodhI na ho, rASTra aura samAja ke vizAla hita meM bAdhaka na ho, zarIra se apaMga na ho, tyAga dharma ke prati dRr3ha zraddhAvAn ho, pratijJA pAlana meM aTala ho aura Atma-kalyANa kI icchA se dIkSA lekara gurucaraNoM meM samarpita hone ke lie taiyAra ho cukA ho, vaha sAdhu hai|' sAdhu dharma kI utkRSTa yogyatA kA yaha mAnadaNDa hai| yadi usase cauthAI bhAga ke guNa kama hoM to madhyama yogyatA aura Adhe bhAga ke guNa kama hoM to jaghanya yogyatA samajhanI caahie| isameM antima do gaNa to avazya hone caahie| isase kama guNa vAlA dIkSA kA adhikArI nahIM hotaa| pravacanasAroddhAra meM nimnalikhita aThAraha prakAra ke vyaktiyoM ko sAdhadharma kI dIkSA ke lie ayogya mAnA gayA hai jo ATha varSa se kama Ayu vAlA ho, atyanta vRddha ho, napuMsaka ho, klIva ho, vyAdhigrasta ho, cora ho, 1 dharmabindu a0 4
Page #272
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 220 : jaina tattvakalikA -- dvitIya kalikA rAjya yA zAsaka kA aparAdhI (apakArI) ho, unmatta yA pAgala ho, andhA ho, gulAma yA dAsa ke rUpa meM kharIdA huA ho, atyadhika kaSAyagrasta ho, bArabAra viSayabhoga lipsu ho, mUr3ha ho, RNI (karjadAra) ho, jAti, karma tathA zarIra se dUSita -- aMgavikala ho, dhana lobha se dIkSA lene AyA ho / strI sagarbhA ho athavA usakA bAlaka stanapAna karatA ho to aisI sthiti meM use sAdhvI dIkSA nahIM dI jA sakatI / " dIkSArthI ke parivAra meM yadi usake mAtA-pitA bujurga (bar3e) yA saMrakSaka hoM to unakI anumati lenI Avazyaka hai / sAvadhAnI ke rUpa meM tathA bhaviSya meM kisI prakAra kA vivAda na khar3A ho jAe, isalie strI tathA yuvA putroM se bhI dIkSA kI anumati le lenI cAhie / strI ko to apane pati, zvasura Adi tathA mAtA-pitA kI anumati Avazyaka hai hI, sAtha hI yuvA-putra kI anumati bhI lenI cAhie / itanA hone para bhI dIkSAdAtA guru ko dIkSArthI ke kula, vaya, yogyatA, jJAnAbhyAsa, svabhAva, AcAra-vicAra, guNa-doSa, deva guru-dharma viSayaka zraddhA, sAdhu dharma pAlana kI zakyatA - azakyakatA Adi kI parIkSA (jA~ca) karake pUrva taiyArI karAkara hI dIkSA denI cAhie / 2 sAdhudharma - dIkSA grahaNa ke samaya kI pratijJA kSArthI ko sarvaprathama sarvavirati sAmAyika cAritra grahaNa karanA Ava 1 (ka) bAle vuDhDhe napuM se a kIve jaDDe a vAhie / fa teNe rAyAvagArI a, ummatte ya adaMsaNe // 760 // dAseduTThe ya mUDhe a aNatte ju Mgie i a / obaddhae a bhayae, hanapheDa Ai a // 761 // aTThAsa bheA purisa, tahetthiAe te ceva / guvviNI sabAlavacchA dunni ime huti anne vi // 792 // (kha) tathA gurujanAdyanujJa eti - dharmabindu a. 4 2 (ka) abbhuvagayaM pi saMtaM puNo parikveMjja pavayaNa vihIe / chammA jAsssajja va patta addhA appabahu // - pravacanasAroddhAra | pravacanasAroddhAra (kha) upasthitasya praznAcAra kathanaparIkSAdividhiriti / tathAnimitta parIkSeti / - dharmabindu a0 4.
Page #273
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sAdhu kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa : 221 zyaka hotA hai / dIkSArtho prAyaH caturvidha saMgha kI upasthiti meM tIrthaMkara bhagavAn kI sAkSI se, guru ke samakSa isa prakAra kI pratijJA grahaNa karatA hai| 'karemi bhaMte ! sAmAiyaM, savvaM sAvajja jogaM paccakkhAmi, jAvajjIvAe, tivihaM tiviheNaM, maNeNaM vAyAe kAeNaM, na karemi na kAravemi, karataM pi annaM Na samaNajANAmi; tassa bhate ! paDikkamAmi nidAmi garihApi appANaM vosirAmi / ' _ 'bhagavan ! maiM sAmAyika karatA hU~, arthAt samasta sAvadya (pApayukta) yoga (mana-vacana-kAyA ke vyApAra) kA pratyAkhyAna-tyAga karatA hai| yAvajjIvana tIna karaNa tIna yoga se, arthAt-mana se, vacana se aura kAyA se (pApa vyApAra) na karUMgA, na karavAUMgA aura na karate hue anya vyakti ko acchA samajha gA (anumodana nahIM kruuNgaa)| bhUtakAla meM jo bhI pApa vyavahAra mujhase huA ho, usakA pratikramaNa karatA (usase pIche haTatA) hU~, usakI nindA (pazcAttApa) karatA hU~, usakI gardA (guru-sAkSI se) karatA hU~; tathA usa merI (dUSita) AtmA kA tyAga karatA hU~; arthAt una malina vRttiyoM se AtmA ko mukta karatA huuN|"1 yaha pratijJA jitanI bhavya hai, utanI kaThina bhI hai| samasta pApavyApAroM kA tyAga karanA sarala nahIM hai| kintu saMvega aura vairAgya ke raMga meM raMgA huA AtmA kAyA aura vANI se to dUra rahA, mana se bhI pApakarma karane kA vicAra taka nahIM karatA / vaha balavAn AtmA itanI kaThora pratijJA grahaNa bhI karatA hai aura usakA nirvAha bhii| ___ isake pazcAt sAdhudharmakriyAoM ke pAlana meM abhyasta evaM prazikSita hone para upasthApanA (bar3I) dIkSA ke samaya pA~ca mahAvratoM evaM chaThe rAtribhojana viramaNavrata kA AropaNa kiyA (grahaNa karAyA) jAtA hai| sAdhu ke sattAIsa guNa sAdhudharma kI pUrvokta yogyatAoM aura vizeSatAoM ko dekhate hae yaha niHsandeha kahA jA sakatA hai ki veSa, jAti, vaya aura zarIra Adi mAtra se koI bhI vyakti sAdhu nahIM kahalA sakatA, sAdhu kI pahacAna guNoM se hI ho 1 AvazyakasUtra-pratijJAsUtra / 2 dazarvakAlika sUtra, adhyayana 4
Page #274
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 222 : jaina tattvakalikA -- dvitIya kalikA sakatI hai / ' sAdhutva kI pratIti guNoM se hI hotI hai / guNoM ke dhAraNa karane se hI sAdhujana SaTkA (vizva ke prANimAtra) ke pratipAlaka, rakSaka, zaraNarUpa tathA uddhAraka ho sakate haiM / guNa hI jagat meM pUjanIya hote haiM, liMga (veSa ) yA ar Adi nahIM / isIlie tIrthaMkara bhagavantoM ne sAdhu ke sattAIsa guNa batalAe haiM, jo usameM hone Avazyaka haiM (1-5) paccIsa bhAvanAoM sahita paMcamahAvrata pAlana - ( 1 ) sarvaprANAtipAta viramaNa, (2) sarvamRSAvAdaviramaNa, (3) sarva- adattAdAnaviramaNa, (4) sarvamaithunaviramaNa aura ( 5 ) sarvaparigrahaviramaNa, ina pAMcoM mahAvratoM kA, pratyeka mahAvrata kI pAMca-pAMca bhAvanAoM sahita tIna karaNa tIna yoga se pAlana karanA / 3 1 (ka) nANadaMsaNasaMpannaM, saMjame ya tave rayaM / evaM guNa samAuttaM saMjaya sAhumAlave / / (kha) evaM tu guNappehI, aguNANaM ca vivajjao / so maraNaM va ArAhei saMvaraM / / (ga) guNehi sAhU aguNehi'sAhU | 2 (ka) sattAvIsaM aNagAraguNA paNNattA, taM jahA pANAivAyAo veramagaM, musAvAyAo veramaNaM, adinnAdANAo veramaNaM, mehuNAo veramaNa, pariggahAo veramaNaM, soiMdiyaniggahe, cakkhidiyaniggahe, vANidiyaniggahe, jibhidiya niggahe, phAsiMdiyaniggahe, kohavivege, mANavivege, mAyAvivege, lobhavivege; bhAvasacce, karaNasacce, jogasacce khamA virAgayA maNasamAharaNayA vayasamAharaNayA kAyasamAharaNayA, NANaMsaMpaNNayA, daMsaNasaMpaNNayA, carittasaMpaNNayA veyaNa ahiyAsaNayA mAraNaMtiya ahiyAsaNayA / - samavAyAMga, samavAya 27vA~ (kha) paMcamahavvayajuttA paMceMdiyasaMvaraNo, cauvvihakasAya mukko tao samAdhAraNIyA // 1 // tisaccasaMpanna tia e khaMti saMvegarao, veyaNamaccubhayagayaM sAhuguNa sattavIsaM ||2|| 3 (ka) AcArya varNana prakaraNa meM paccIsa bhAvanAoM sahita pAMca mahAvratoM kA vivecana kiyA jA cukA hai / - dazavaM 0 a0 7 gA0 46 - dazavai0 5 / 2 / 44 dazave0 a0 6, u03, gA011 (kha) purima - pacchimagANaM titthagarANaM paMcajAmassa paNavIsaM bhAvaNAo paNNattAo taM jahA - IriyAsamiI maNaguttI vayaguttI AloyabhAyaNabhoyaNaM AdANabhaMDamaMtanikkhevaNAsa maI || 5 || aNuvItibhAsaNAyA kohavivege lobhavivege bhayavivege hAsavivege ||5|| uggahaaNuNNAvaNayA uggahasImajANaNayA sayaMmeva uggahaM
Page #275
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sAdhu kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa : 223 ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha mahAvratoM kA grahaNa sAdhu ke lie yAvajjIvana ke lie hotA hai; aura vaha hotA hai--mana, vacana aura kAyA ke yoga se / arthAt-hiMsA Adi kA bhAva na mana meM rakhanA hotA hai, na vacana meM aura na zarIra meM / itanA hI nahIM, yaha hiMsA Adi pApakarma vaha na svayaM karatA hai, na dUsaroM se karavAtA hai aura na unakA anumodana hI karatA hai| (6-10) paMcendriyanigraha-(1) zrotrendriyanigraha (2) cakSa rindriyanigraha (3) ghrANendriyanigraha, (4) rasanendriyanigraha aura (5) sparzendriyanigraha / ' ina pAMcoM indriyoM ko saMsArAbhimukha na hone denA, viSayoM kI ora pravRtta na hone denaa| (11-14) caturvidha kaSAya viveka-(1) krodhaviveka, (2) mAnaviveka, (3) mAyAviveka aura (4) lobha viveka / 2 / (15) bhAvasatya--antaHkaraNa se AsravoM ko haTAkara bhAvoM ko nirmala karake dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna ke mAdhyama se AtmA kA zuddha bhAvoM se anuprekSaNa karanA, tAki AtmA paramAtmA bana ske| ataH bhAvoM meM satya kI sphuraNA utpanna honA hI bhAvasatya hai / (16) karaNasatya--bhAvasatya kI siddhi ke lie karaNasatya ko atyanta AvazyakatA hai, kyoMki jaba kriyAe~ (dainika dhArmika kriyAe~) satya hoMgI, tabhI bhAvasatya zuddharUpa se Tika sakatA hai| 'karaNa' zabda yahA~ pAribhASika hai| 'karaNasaptati' 3 meM 'karaNa' ke 70 prakAroM kA samAveza kiyA gayA hai| una 'karaNa' ke 70 prakAroM kA samyak aNugiNhaNayA, aNugaviya paribhujaNayA, sAhAraNa bhaMtapANaM aNu NNaviya paDibhujaNayA // 5 // itthIpasupaMDagasaMsattaga saya gAsa gavajjayA itthIkahA vivajjaNayA, itthINaM iMdiyANamAloyaNavajjaNayA, puvvarayapuvvakIliyANaM aNaNusaraNayA paNItAhAravivajjaNayA / / 5 / / soiMdiyarAgovaraI cakkhidiyarAgovaraI ghANidiyarAgovaraI jibhidiyarAgovaraI phAsidiyarAgovaraI // 5 / / __ --Avazyaka sUtra 6 paMcendriyanigraha kA varNana AcArya svarUpa varNana' meM vistAra se kiyA gayA hai-saM 2 cAra kaSAyoM para vijaya kA varNana bhI 'AcArya svarUpa varNana' ke prasaMga meM vistAra se kiyA gayA hai| -saMpAdaka 3 'kAraNa saptati kA nirUpaNa 'upAdhyAya svarUpa varNana' meM kiyA gayA hai|
Page #276
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 224 : jaina tattvakalikA - dvitIya kalikA rUpa se vidhipUrvaka karanA, arthAt - sAdha - sAdhvI ke lie jisa samaya jisa-jisa kriyA ko karane kA zAstra meM vidhAna hai, usa karaNIya kriyA ko usI samaya zuddha rUpa se zuddha antaHkaraNa se manoyogapUrvaka karanA; karaNa satya hai / jaise - pichalI rAtri kA eka prahara zeSa rahate jAgRta hokara AkAza kI ora dRSTipAta karake dekha le ki koI asvAdhyAya kA kAraNa ' to nahIM 1 (ka) sthAnAMga sUtra meM battIsa asvAdhyAyoM kA varNana hai / (1-10) AkAza sambandhI dasa ( 1 ) ulkApAta (eka prahara) (2) digdAha, (eka prahara ) ( 3 ) garjita ( do prahara ) ( 4 ) vidyuta ( eka prahara, ArdrA se svAti nakSatra taka garjita aura vidyat ko chor3akara), (5) virghAta (binA bAdala ke vyantarAdikRta garjana dhvani. kI sthiti meM eka ahorAtra taka ), (6) yUSaka ( zuklapakSa meM pratipadA, dvitIyA, tRtIyA kI sandhyA kI prabhA aura cadraprabhA kA milana yUpaka hai| ina tIna dinoM meM rAtri ke prathama prahara meM svAdhyAya na karanA), (7) yakSAdIpti ( dizA vizeSa meM bijalI- sarIkhI camaka ko yakSAdIpti kahate haiM, isameM eka prahara taka asvAdhyAya rahatA hai ) ( 8 ) dhUmikA ( prAya: kArtika se lekara mAgha mAsa taka sUkSma jala rUpa dhUvara jaba taka giratI rahe taba taka asvAdhyAya), (6) mahika: - zItakAla meM zvetavarNa kI sUkSma jalarUpa dhUvara jaba taka giratI rahe, taba taka), (10) raja - uddhAta ( AkAza cAroM ora dhUli se AcchAdita ho, taba taka asvAdhyAya) / ( 11-20 ) audArika rambandhI dasa (11-13) asthi, mAMsa, rakta (manuSya yA tithaMca paMcendriya se sambandhita haDDI, mA~sa yA rakta kramazaH 100 aura 60 hAtha ke andara ho to eka ahorAtra taka mAsika dharma kA tIna dina taka evaM zizujanma kA 7-8 dina taka asvAdhyAya rahatA hai | ) ( 14 ) azuci ( svAdhyAya sthAna ke nikaTa TaTTI pezAba dRSTigocara hoM, yA durgandha AtI ho to asvAdhyAya hai / ) (15) zmazAna ( maraghaTa ke cAroM ora 100-100 hAtha taka svAdhyAya na karanA) (16) candragrahaNa ( jaghanya 8 prahara, utkRSTa 12 prahara taka asvAdhyAya), (17) sUryagrahaNa ( jaghanya 12, utkRSTa 16 prahara taka asvAdhyAya) (18) patana - rAjA kI mRtyu hone para dUsarA rAjA siMhAsanArUr3ha na ho, taba taka; rAjamantrI, saMghapati, mukhiyA, zayyAtara yA upAzraya ke Asa-pAsa 7 gharoM ke andara kisI kI mRtyu hone para eka dina-rAta taka asvAdhyAya) (16) rAjavyudgraha ( zAsakoM meM paraspara saMgrAma hone para zAnti na ho taba taka, zAnti hone para bhI eka ahorAtra taka ) ( 20 ) audArika zarIra ( upAzraya meM manuSya yA tiyaMca paMcendriya kA nirjIva zarIra par3A ho to 100 hAtha ke andara svAdhyAya na karanA ) ; ( 21-28) cAra mahotsava aura cAra mahApratipadA - ASAr3ha, Azvina, kArtika aura caitra kI pUrNimA ye cAra 1
Page #277
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sAdhu kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa : 225 hai ? agara dizAe~ nirmala hoM to svAdhyAya kare / tatpazcAt asvAdhyAya kI dizA (lAla dizA) ho, taba vidhipUrvaka zuddharUpa se SaDAvazyaka yukta' rAtrika mahotsava haiM, tathA ina cAroM ke pazcAt Ane vAlI pratipadA mahApratipadAe~ haiM, ina 8 meM svAdhyAya na karanA / ) (26-32) prAtaH, madhyAhna, sAyaM, arddharAtri--ye cAra sandhyAkAla haiM ina meM do ghar3I taka svAdhyAya na krnaa| (kha) koI AcArya tArA TUTane para tathA rAtri ko lAla dizA rahe taba ina do meM bhI eka prahara taka asvAdhyAya mAnate haiM / chaha Avazyaka anya nAmoM ke sAtha isa prakAra haiM-(1) sAmAyika-- (sAvadyayoga virati), (2) catuvizatistava (utkIrtana), (3) vandanA (guruvandanA yA guNavatpratipatti, (4) pratikramaNa (skhalita nindanA), (5) kAyotsarga (vraNacikitsA) aura (6) pratyAkhyAna (gunndhaarnn)| -- AvazyakasUtra tathA anuyoga dvAra / chaha Avazyaka kA krama--(1) antardaSTi vAle sAdhaka kA pradhAna uddezya sAmAyika karanA hai, jisameM sAvadya-yogoM se nivRtti-rUpa samasta vyavahAra ke darzana hoM; (2) samabhAva kI pUrNatA ke zikhara para pahu~ce hue mahApuruSoM ke Adarza ko lakSya meM rakhane hetu unakA sabhaktibhAva guNotkIrtana karanA; (3) samabhAva sthita jyeSTha sAdhuoM ko yA guru ko vinayapUrvaka vandanA karanA; (4) kadAcit sAdhaka samabhAva se gira jAe to yathAvidhi pratikramaNa (AlocanA, nindanA-pazcAttApa, garhaNA, bhAvanA evaM kSamApanA Adi) dvArA apanI pUrvasthiti meM lauTa AnA; (5) pramAdavaza jJAna-darzana-cAritrarUpa sAmAyika meM jo koI aticArarUpa vraNa saMyama-zarIra para hue hoM, una pApoM-aticAroM ko dravyabhAva kAyotsargadhyAnarUpa prAyazcitta jala se zuddha karanA, tathA antarmukha hokara zarIra ke prati moha-mamatva kA tyAga karake bhedavijJAna dvArA Atma-zuddhi ke patha para pahu~canA; (6) tatpazcAt bhaviSyakAla meM azubhayoga se nivRtti tathA zubhayoga meM pravRtti ke lie dravya se-anna-vastrAdi padArthoM kA, bhAva se-ajJAna, mithyAtva, kaSAya, asaMyama Adi kA tyAga-pratyAkhyAna karanA, tAki ukta tapa-tyAga ke rUpa meM prAyazcitta dvArA AtmA kI (AtmA para lage hue aticAroM, doSoM kI) zuddhi ho| ye chaha kriyAe~ sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke liye avazya karaNIya hone se inheM SaT Avazyaka kahA jAtA hai| vartamAna yuga ke pratyeka sAdhu-sAdhvI ko devasika, rAtrika, pAkSika, cAturmAsika, sAMvatsarika Adi ke rUpa meM isa SaDAvazyaka ko yathAsamaya avazya karanA caahiye|
Page #278
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 226 : jaina tattvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA pratikramaNa kre| phira sUryodaya hone para vidhipUrvaka apramAda bhAva se pratilekhanA kare, arthAt-vastra-pAtrAdi samasta dharmopakaraNoM kA 'pratilekhana-pratyavekSaNa kre| 1 (ka) pratilekhanA ko vidhi-(1) uDDhaM-ukaDU Asana se baiThakara vastra ko bhUmi se U~cA rakhakara pratilekhana karanA, (2) thira-vastra ko dRr3hatA se sthira rakhanA, (3) aturiyaM--upayogayukta hokara jaldI na karate hue pratilekhana karanA, (4) paDilehe-vastra ke tIna bhAga karake use donoM ora se acchI taraha dekhanA, (5) papphoDe--dekhane ke bAda yatanA se dhIre-dhIre jhar3akAnA; (6) pajjijjA-jhar3akAne ke bAda vastrAdi para lage hue jIva ko yatanA se pramArjana kara hAtha meM lenA aura ekAnta meM pariSThApana krnaa| -uttarAdhyayana a0 26 (kha) apramAdayuktapratilekhanA ke chaha prakAra-(1) anatita ---(zarIra evaM vastrAdi ko pratilekhana karate hue nacAnA nahIM), (2) avalita-(pratilekhana kartA ko zarIra aura vastra ko binA mor3e, sIdhA, caMcalatA rahita baiThanA), (3) ananubandhI -(vastra ko ayatanA se na jhar3akanA), (4) amosalI (dhAnyAdi kUTate samaya Upara, nIce yA tirache mUsala lagatA hai, usI taraha pratilekhana karate samaya dIvAra Adi se vastra nahIM lagAnA), (5) SaTpurimanavasphoTakA (pratilekhanA meM 6 purimA-vastra ke donoM hissoM ko tIna-tIna bAra khaMkheranA tathA nau khoDavastra ko tIna-tIna bAra pUjakara usakA 3 bAra zodhana karanA cAhie), (6) pANiprANavizodhana-vastrAdi para jIva raSTigocara ho to yatanApUrvaka hAtha se usakA zodhana krnaa| . . - sthAnAMga sUtra (ga) pramAdayukta pratilekhanA ke 6 prakAra-(1) ArabhaTA (eka vastra kA pratilekhana pUrNa kiye binA hI dUsare vastra kA athavA jaldI-jaldI pratilekhana pArambha karanA), (2) sammardA (jisa pratilekhanA meM vastra ke kone mur3e hI raheM, salavaTa na nikAlI jAye); (3) mosalI (pratilekhana karate samaya Upara nIce yA tirache dIvAra Adi se vastra ko lagAnA) (4) prasphoTanA (pratilekhanA ke samaya vastra ko jora se jhar3akAnA), (5) vikSiptA (pratilekhana kiye huye vastroM ko pratilekhana na kiye hue vastroM meM milA denA yA idhara-udhara vastroM ko pheMkakara pratilekhana karanA); (6) vedikA (pratilekhana karate samaya ghuTanoM ke Upara nIce yA pAsa meM hAtha rkhnaa)| (gha) karaNasaptati meM 25 prakAra kI pratilekhanA batAI gaI hai, use bhI yahAM samajha lenA caahiye|
Page #279
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sAdhu kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa : 227 tatpazcAt kAyotsarga' karake guru-Adi dIkSAjyeSTha sAdhu ko vidhipUrvaka vinayabhakti sahita doSavarjita 'vandanA karake unase pUche ki 'maiM svAdhyAya karUM, 1 kAyotsarga ke unnIsa doSa-(1) ghoTaka, (2) latA, (3) stambhakur3aya, (4) mAla, (5) zabarI, (6) vadhU, (7) nigaDa, (8) lambottara, (9) stanadoSa, (10) uddhikAdoSa, (11) saMyatIdoSa, (12) khalIna doSa, (13) vAyasadoSa, (14) kapitthadoSa, (15) zIrSotkampita doSa, (16) mUkadoSa, (17) aMgulikAbhra doSa, (18) vAruNI doSa, aura (16) prekSA doSa / pravacanasAroddhAra meM kAyotsarga ke ye unnIsa doSa batAye haiM, inase bacakara vidhipUrvaka doSa rahita kAyotsarga karanA caahiye| 2 vandanA ke battIsa doSa-(1) anAdRta, (2) stabdha (abhimAnapUrvaka), (3) praviddha (asthira hokara yA apUrNa chor3akara vandanA karanA), (4) paripiNDita (eka sthAna para rahe hue AcAryAdi sabako pRthak-pRthak vandanA na karake eka sAtha eka hI vandanA karanA), (5) Tolagati (TiDDI kI taraha kUda-phAMdakara) (6) aMkuzadoSa-(rajoharaNa ke aMkuza kI taraha pakar3akara yA soye hue AcAryAdi ke aMkuza kI taraha lagAkara vandanA karanA); (7) kacchaparigata (kachue kI taraha reMga kara vandana karanA), (8) matsyodavRtta (machalI kI taraha zIghra pArzva pherakara baiThe-baiThe hI yA pAsa meM baiThe hue ratnAdhika ko vandanA karanA), (8) manasA-praviSTa (asUyApUrvaka vandanA karanA), (10) vedikAbaddha (ghuTanoM ke Upara, nIce yA pArzva meM yA godI meM hAtha rakhakara vandanA karanA), (11) bhaya (bhayavaza vandanA karanA), (12) bhajamAna (AcAryAdi anukUla rahe, isa dRSTi se vandanA karanA), (13) maitrI (AcAryAdi se maitrI kI AzA se vandana karanA), (14) gaurava (gaurava bar3hAne kI icchA se vandanA karanA) (15) kAraNa (jJAna-darzanacAritra ke sivA anya vastrAdi aihika vastuoM ke lie vandanA karanA), (16) stanya (cora kI taraha chipakara vandanA karanA); (17) pratyanIka (gurudeva AhArAdi karate hoM, usa samaya vandanA karanA) (18) ruSTa (roSapUrvaka vandanA karanA), (16) tajita (DA~Tate-phaTakArate vandanA karanA), (20) zaTha (dikhAve ke lie vandanA karanA yA bImArI Adi kA bahAnA banAkara ThIka se vandanA na karanA), (21) holita (ha~sI karate hue), (22) viparikucita vandanA adhUrI chor3akara anya bAtoM meM lagAnA), (23) dRSTAdRSTa (guru Adi ke na dekhate vandanA na kramazaH
Page #280
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 228 : jaina tattvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA vayAvRtya karU~, tapa karUM yA auSadha Adi gaveSaNA karake lAU~ ?' isa sambandha meM guru (dIkSAjyeSTha muni) kI jaisI AjJA ho, tadanusAra kre| tatpazcAt eka prahara taka svAdhyAya kare athavA yogya zrotAoM kA samUha zravaNArtha ekatrita ho to dharmakathA (vyAkhyAna) kre| usake pazcAt samaya ho to dhyAna yA zAstra ke artha kA cintana kre| - isake bAda AhAra karane kA kAraNa upasthita hone para bhikSAcarI karanA, dekhane para karanA), (24) zRMga (lalATa ke dAMye yA bA~e hAtha lagAkara) (25) kara (arihaMta prabhu kA 'kara' samajhakara), (26) mocana (vandanA ke . binA mukti na hogI, isa dRSTi se vivazatA se vandanA karanA / ) (27) AzliSTa-nAzliSTa (apane mastaka aura gurucaraNa donoM meM se kisI eka ko chanA, dUsare ko na chUnA) (28) Una (Avazyaka vacana-namanAdi kriyAoM meM se koI kriyA chor3a denA / ) (26) unaracuhA (vandanA ke pazcAt jora se 'matthaeNa vaMdAmi' bolanA) (30) mUka (pATha kA uccAraNa na karanA; (31) DhaDDara (ucca svara se abhadra rUpa se vandana sUtra kA uccAraNa karanA, (32) cUDalI (ardhadagdha kASThavat rajoharaNa ko sire se pakar3a kara vandanA krnaa)| vandanA ke ina battIsa doSoM ko vajita kara samyak rUpa se. vandanA kriyA karanI caahiye| -pravacanasAroddhAra (vandanA dvAra) meM ukta 1 (ka) AhAra karane ke 6 kAraNa-(1) vedanA (kSudhA vedanA kI zAnti ke lie) (2) vayAvRtya (sevA karane ke lie), (3) IryApatha (gamanAgamana Adi kI zuddha pravRtti ke lie), (4) saMyama (saMyama-rakSA yA saMyama-pAlana ke lie) (5) prANapratyArtha (prANoM kI rakSA ke lie) aura (6) dharmacintA (zAstra paThana-pAThana Adi dharmacintana ke lie| (kha) AhAra tyAgane ke 6 kAraNa-(1) AtaMka (bhayaMkara roga se grasta hone para) (2) upasarga (Akasmika upasarga Ane para), (3) brahmacaryagupti (brahmacarya kI rakSA ke lie), (4) prANidayA (jIvoM kI dayA ke lie) (5) tapa (tapasyA karane ke lie) aura (6) saMlekhanA (antima samaya meM anazanapUrvaka saMthArA karane hetu)|. -uttarAdhyayana 26 // 32-35
Page #281
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sAdhu kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa : 226 kA samaya hote hI guru se AjJA lekara bhikSA ke lie jAe aura nirdoSa vidhi' se yathAprApta AhAra lAkara zAstrokta vidhi se AhAra kre| isake anantara phira dhyAna aura zAstracintana kre| dina ke cauthe prahara meM phira vidhipUrvaka pratilekhanA kare, svAdhyAya kare aura phira asvAdhyAya ke samaya (sandhyAkAla) meM SaDAvazyakayukta pratikramaNa kre| asvAdhyAya kAla pUrNa ho cukane phira ratri ke pahale prahara meM 1 bhikSAcarI ke 47 doSa-gaveSaNA sambandhI 16 udgama doSa-(1) AdhAkarma, (2) ozika, (3) pUtikarma, (4) mizrajAta, (5) sthApana, (6) prAbhatikA, (7) prAduSkaraNa, (8) krIta, (6) prAmitya, (10) parivartita, (11) abhihRta, (12) udbhinna, (13) mAlApahRta, (14) Acchedya (15) anisRSTa aura (16) adhyvpuurk| ina 16 udgama doSoM kA nimitta gRhastha hotA hai| . gaveSaNA sambandhI 16 utpAdana doSa--(1) dhAtrI, (2) dUtI, (3) nimitta (zubhAzubha nimitta batAkara), (4) AjIva, (5) vanIpaka, (6) cikitsA (7) krodha (8) mAna, (9) mAyA, 10) lobha, (11) pUrva-pazcAtsaMstava, (12) vidyA, (13) maMtra, (14) cUrNa, (15) yoga tathA (16) muulkrm| utpAdana ke doSa sAdhu kI ora se lagate haiN| inakA nimitta sAdhu hI hotA hai| grahaNaSaNA ke : 0 doSa-(1) zaMkita (2) mrakSita (3) nikSipta (4) pihita (5) saMhRta (6) dAyaka (7) unmizra (8) apariNata (9) lipta aura (10) chardita (chIMTe nIce par3a rahe hoM, aisA AhAra lenA) / gRhastha aura sAdhu donoM ke nimitta se grahaNaiSaNA ke doSa lagate haiN| grAseSaNA (paribhogeSaNA) ke pA~ca doSa-(1) saMyojanA (2) apramANa, (3) agAra (suvAdu bhojana kI prazaMsA karate hue khAnA) (4) dhUma (nIrasa AhAra kI nindA karate hue khAnA) aura (5) akAraNa (AhAra karane ke 6 kAraNoM ke sivA kevala balavRddhi ke lie khaanaa| ina 47 doSoM se varjita AhAra kA grahaNa aura sevana karanA eSaNA samiti kA aMga hai| azanAdi cAra prakAra kI piNDavizuddhi (jo ki karaNa kA aMga hai) kA bhI isI meM samAveza ho jAtA hai /
Page #282
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 230 : jaina tattvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA svAdhyAya, dUsare prahara meM dhyAna aura zAstra ciMtana kre| tIsare prahara ke anta meM nidrA kA tyAga kre|| isa prakAra sAdhu kI dina-rAtri kI caryA sambandhI kriyAoM kA nirdeza uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM kiyA gayA hai|' pA~ca samiti tIna gupti sambandhI zuddha kriyAe~ . pAMca samiti aura tIna gupti, ye aSTa pravacana mAtAe~ haiM sAdhaka ko gamana, bhASaNa, bhojana, zayanAdi samasta pravRttiyA~ hArdika zraddhA evaM samyaka upayogapUrvaka samiti gupti ke mAdhyama se karanI caahie| jisake dvArA samyaktayA pravRtti ho, cAritra pAlana ho, use samiti kahate haiM, tathA mana-vacana-kAyA ke samyaka nirodha-niyantraNa yA saMyama se cAritra kI rakSA ho use gupti kahate haiN| pA~ca samitiyA~ isa prakAra haiM (1) IryA samiti-IryA kahate haiM kAyaceSTA ko, usakI samiti arthAt samyak-zubha upayoga ko / arthAt-gatyarthaka jitanI bhI kriyAe~ haiM, unheM samyak upayogapUrvaka yatanApUrvaka karanA IryA samiti hai| jaise-calanA hai to nija zarIra pramANa bhUmi ko Age dekhakara calanA, isI prakAra Asana para baiThanA, zayyA para sonA, vastrAdi pahananA Adi kriyAe~ karate samaya bhI una kriyAoM meM vizeSa upayoga aura yatanA honI caahie| (2) bhASA samiti-krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, hAsya Adi ke vaza athavA kisI prANI ke lie pIDAkAraka, hAnikAraka, vyartha, vikathArUpa yA kAmottejaka, hiMsApreraka bhASaNa kadApi na karanA, apitu madhura, hitakara, parimita evaM satya vacanoM kA prayoga karanA cAhie / (3) eSaNA samiti-bhikSAcarI ke 42 doSoM (16 udgama ke, 16 utpAda ke aura 10 eSaNA ke, yoM 42 doSa) se rahita zuddha aura nirdoSa AhAra kI gaveSaNA, grahaNaSaNA aura paribhogeSaNA (grAsaiSaNA se karanA eSaNA 1 uttarAdhyayana sUtra a. 26, gA. 17 se 53 taka . 2 pA~ca samitiyoM evaM tIna guptiyoM ke svarUpa kA vistRta varNana cAritrAcAra ke prakaraNa meM kiyA gayA hai| 3 AhAra sambandhI 42 doSoM kA varNana pichale pRSThoM meM ho cukA hai /
Page #283
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sAdhu kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa : 231 samiti hai / ' isa dRSTi se jo AhAra-pAnI sadoSa hai-pUrvokta 47 doSoM se kisI bhI doSa se yukta hai, use sAdha ko kadApi grahaNa na karanA caahie| (4) AdAna bhANDamAtra nikSepaNA samiti-sAdhaoM ke pAsa saMyamapAlana ke lie dharma-sAdhana ke rUpa meM jo upakaraNa hote haiM, unheM yatanApUrvaka uThAnA aura rakhanA AdAnanikSapaNasamiti hai| jaba koI bhI kArya yatanA se rahita hokara kiyA jAegA taba usameM jIva-hiMsA honA sambhava hai| isake atirikta asAvadhAnI se kisI cIja ko uThAne-rakhane kI Adata se pramAda bar3hegA, jo ki saMyamI jIvana ke lie anarthakara hogaa| . ___ (5) uccAra-prasravaNa-khela-jalla-tighANa-pariSThApanikA-samitiuccAra (mala), prasravaNa (mUtra-pezAba), thUka, kapha, zarIra kA maila, pasInA, lITa (nAka kA maila) Adi padArthoM ko DAlanA (pariSThApana-visarjana karanA) ho taba bar3I sAvadhAnI rakhanI cAhie, kyoMki asAvadhAnIpUrvaka jaise-taise aura jahA~-tahA~ ina cIjoM ko pheMkane se ayatanA hogI, jIvoM ko pIr3A paha~ 1 AhAra ke 47 doSa isa prakAra haiM(1) solaha udgama doSa AhAkammuddesiyaM pUIkamme ya mIsajAe ya / 'ThavaNA pAhuDiyAe pAoara kIya pAmicce // 1 // pariyaTTie abhihaDe unbhinne mAlohaDe iya / acchijje aNisiTTe ajjhoyarae ya solasame / / 2 / / (2) solaha utpAda doSa dhAI dUI nimitta AjIvaivaNImaga tigicchAya / kohe mANe mAyA lobhe ya, havaMti dasa ee / / 3 / / puvipacchAsaMthava vijjAmaMte, cuNNajoge ya / uppAyaNAi dosA solasamme mUlakamme ya // 4 // (3) eSaNA ke dasa doSa saMkiya-makkhiya-nikkhittapihiya sAhariyadAyagummIse / apariNaya-litta-chaDDiya esaNAdosA dasa havaMti / / 5 / / (4) grAsaSaNA ke pA~ca doSa(1) saMyojanA, (2) apramANa, (3) aMgAra, (4) dhUma aura (5) akAraNa doSa / ina sabakA artha evaM vivecana pichale pRSThoM meM ho cukA hai|
Page #284
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 232 : jaina tattvakalikA - dvitIya kalikA gI, hiMsA bhI hogI aura gandagI se roga phailegA, hogI / yahI isa paMcama samiti kA Azaya hai / dazavidha samAcArIrUpa kriyAe~ janatA ko ghRNA paidA uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM sAdha u ke cAritra - pAlana meM sahAyaka dasa prakAra kI samAcArI kA vidhAna hai| yaha dasa prakAra kI samAcArI meM sAdha u jIvana kI usa samyak vyavasthA kA nirUpaNa hai, jisameM sAdhaka ke pArasparika vyavahAroM aura kartavyoM kA saMketa hai / isa samAcArI ke pAlana se sAdha jIvana meM hai samatA ( sAmAyika) dRr3ha aura puSTa hotI hai / dasa prakAra kI samAcArI isa prakAra hai (1) AvazyakI (sAdha ko sthAna se bAhara kAryavaza jAnA par3e to gurujanoM ko sUcanA dekara jAnA), (2) naSedhikI (kAryapUrti ke bAda vApisa lauTane para Agamana kI sUcanA denA), (3) ApRcchanA ( apane kArya ke lie gurujanoM se anumati lenA ), (4) pratipRcchanA (dUsaroM ke kArya ke lie guru se anumati lenA), (5) chandanA (pUrvagRhIta dravyoM ke lie guru Adi ko Amantrita (manuhAra) karanA), (6) icchAkAra ( dUsaroM kA kArya apanI sahaja abhiruci se karanA aura apanA kArya karane ke lie dUsaroM ko unakI icchAnukUla vinamra nivedana karanA); (7) mithyAkAra, ( doSa kI nivRtti ke lie 'micchAmi dukkaDaM' kahakara Atma-nindA karanA ), ( 8 ) tathAkAra (gurujanoM ke upadeza ko 'satyavacana hai', kahakara svIkAra karanA), (6) abhyutthAna ( gurujanoM kI pUjA -satkAra ke lie apane Asana se uThakara khar3A honA, svAgata ke lie sAmane jAnA) aura (10) : upasampadA ( kisI viziSTa prayojana meM dUsare AcArya ke sAnnidhya meM rahanA) / ' ina samAcArI rUpa kriyAoM ko samyak prakAra se karanA bhI 'karaNa' kA aMga hai / bAraha bhAvanAoM kI anuprekSA karaNasaptati meM 12 bhAvanAe~ bhI haiM, jo ratnatraya ke AcaraNa ko sthira evaM puSTa karatI haiM / ina bAraha bhAvanAoM kA pratyeka sAdha - sAdhvI ko pratidina anuprekSaNa - ( apane dhyeya ke anukUla antarnirIkSaNa ) gahana cintana karanA cAhie / aise cintana se rAga-dva eSa kI vRttiyA~ ruka jAtI haiM, saMvara (Asrava 1 uttarAdhyayana a0 26 samAcArI adhyayana
Page #285
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sAdhu kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa : 233 nirodha) ho jAtA hai| yaha kArya bahuta hI ruci, utsAha, zraddhA aura vairAgya bhAva ke sAtha honA caahie| bAraha bhAvanAe~ isa prakAra haiM (1) anityAnuprekSA-kisI prApta vastu ke viyoga kA duHkha na ho, isalie una sabhI vastuoM ke prati Asakti kama karane ke lie anityatA kA cintana karanA ki zarIra, ghara-bAra Adi padArtha aura unake sambandha nitya aura sthira nahIM haiN| (2) azaraNAnuprekSA-ekamAtra zuddha dharma ko hI jIvana kA zaraNabhUta svIkAra karane ke lie anya sabhI sAMsArika vastuoM ke prati mamatva haTAnA Avazyaka hai| isake lie aisA cintana karanA ki jaise siMha ke paMje meM par3e hue hiraNa kA koI zaraNa nahIM hai, vaise hI Adhi-vyAdhi-upAdhi se grasta zarIra aura zarIra se sambandhita parivAra, dhana, makAna Adi koI bhI padArtha zaraNabhUta nahIM hai| (3) saMsArAnaprekSA-saMsAra-taSNA ko chor3ane ke lie sAMsArika vastu athavA janma-maraNarUpa saMsAra se nirveda (audAsInya yA vairAgya) kI bhAvanAsAdhanA Avazyaka hai / ataH aisA cintana karanA ki isa janma-maraNarUpa saMsAra meM na to koI svajana hai, na parajana, kyoMki pratyeka ke sAtha janma-janmAntara meM aneka prakAra ke sambandha hue haiM / sAMsArika prANI rAga-dvaSa-moha se saMtapta hokara eka-dUsare ko har3apane meM lage hue haiM, aise asahya duHkharUpa athavA harSaviSAda, sukhaduHkhAdi dvandvoM ke sthAna -- saMsAra se jitanI jaldI chuTakArA ho, acchA hai| (4) ekatvAnuprekSA-mokSa-prApti kI dRSTi se rAga-dvaSa ke avasaroM para nirlepatA evaM samatva rakhanA atyAvazyaka hai| ataH svajana-viSayaka rAga aura parajana viSayaka dvaSa ko dUra karane hetu aisA cintana karanA ki maiM akelA ho AyA hU~, akelA hI jAU~gA, maiM akelA hI janmatA-maratA hU~, akelA hI apane boye hue karmabIjoM ke sukha-duHkhAdi phaloM ko bhogatA haiN| vAstava meM mere sukhaduHkha kA kartA-hartA maiM hI hU~, anya koI nhiiN| yaha ekatvAnuprekSA hai| 1 anityAzaraNa-saMsArakatvAnyattvAzucitvA'zrava-saMvara-nirjarA-loka-bodhidurlabha-dharma svAkhyAtasvatattvAnucintanamanuprekSAH / -tattvArthasUtra a0 6 sUtra 7
Page #286
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 234 : jaina tattvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA (5) anyatvAnuprekSA-manuSya ajJAna evaM moha ke vaza zarIra aura zarIra se sambandhita para-padArthoM kI hrAsa-vaddhi ko apanI hrAsa-vRddhi mAnane kI bhUla karake mUla kArya ko bhUla jAtA hai| isa sthiti kA nirAkaraNa karane hetu zarIra aura zarIra-sambaddha para-padArthoM se apane Apako bhinna mAnanA aura zarIrAdi jar3a padArthoM ke guNadharmoM se apane guNadharmoM kI bhinnatA kA cintana karanA ki zarIra jar3a, sthUla tathA vinAzI (Adi-antayukta) hai, jabaki meM cetana, sUkSma, avinAzI Adi hU~; yaha anyatvAnuprekSA hai| (6) azucitvAnuprekSA-saMsAra meM sabase adhika ghaNAspada yaha zarIra hai, kintu ajJAnI manuSya apane gore, haSTa-puSTa zarIra athavA striyoM ke bAhara se sundara dikhane vAle zarIra tathA usake rUpa raMga, aMga-sauSThava Adi ko dekhakara usameM Asakta-mUcchita ho jAtA hai| ataH usa para Asakti-mUrchA haTAne ke lie socanA ki bAhara se sundara baliSTha dikhAI dene vAlA yaha zarIra mala-mUtra Adi azuci kA bhaNDAra hai, azuci se hI yaha paidA huA hai aura azuci vastuoM se hI isakA poSaNa huA hai| yaha svayaM azuci hai aura azuci-paramparA kA kAraNa hai| isake prati merA moha yA mamatva vyartha hai, karmabandha kA kAraNa hai| aisA cintana azucitvAnuprekSA hai| (7) AsravAnuprekSA-yaha jIva AsravoM (karmoM ke Agamana) ke kAraNa hI anAdikAla se saMsAra meM paribhramaNa kara rahA hai| parantu karmoM kA Agamana (Asrava) kina-kina kAraNoM se hotA hai, unake kaTu phala kaise-kaise milate haiM, tathA Asrava ke dvAroM (srotoM) ko banda kiye binA dharma kA pUrNa phala prApta nahIM hotA, isa prakAra kA gahana cintana karanA AsravAnuprekSA hai| Asrava ke 20 bhedoM meM avrata (avirati) pradhAna hai| arthAt-viSaya bhogoM kI tathA sAMsArika padArthoM ke upabhoga-paribhoga kI AzA-taSNA kA nirodha na karanA hI avrata hai; ityAdi vicAra karanA bhI AsravAnuprekSA hai| (8) saMvara-anuprekSA-AsravoM kA nirodha karanA saMvara hai / mithyAtva, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga Asrava ke hetu haiN| Asrava ke kAraNoM ke parityAga kA vicAra karake tapa, samiti, gupti, cAritra, parISahajaya, dharmapAlana Adi kA AcaraNa karane se saMvara hotA hai| ataH saMsAra paribhramaNa 1 AsravanirodhaH saMvaraH / sa gupti-samiti-dharmAnuprekSA-parISahajaya caaritrH| -tattvArtha sUtra a0 6 sU0 1, 2
Page #287
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sAdhu kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa : 235 ke kAraNabhUta Asrava ko rokane ke ekamAtra upAya saMvara hai, usakI anuprekSA karanA, bAra-bAra cintana-manana karanA saMvarAnuprekSA hai| (8) nirjarAnaprekSA-karmoM kA AMzika rUpa se kSaya honA nirjarA hai| nirjarA kA pradhAna kAraNa tapa (dvAdazavidha tapazcaraNa) hai|' samiti-gupti, zramaNadharma, parISaha aura upasargoM ko samabhAva se sahanA, kaSAya-vijaya, indriyanigraha Adi se bhI nirjarA hotI hai| isa prakAra nirjarA ke svarUpa, kAraNa Adi kA cintana karanA nirjarA bhAvanA hai| ___vastutaH duHkhoM, kaSToM, vipattiyoM, parISahoM yA upasargoM ko samabhAvapUrvaka, dhairya se, jJAnapUrvaka sahana karane se nirjarA hotI hai| ajJAnapUrvaka, nirudda zya, nirarthaka, adharya se ro-rokara kaSTa sahane se bhI udaya meM Aye hue pUrvabaddha karmoM kI nirjarA to hotI hai, kintu vaha akAma nirjarA hai, usase karmakSaya ke anupAta meM naye karmoM kA bandhana aura adhika evaM dar3ha ho jAtA hai / kintu jJAnapUrvaka, soddezya, samabhAvapUrvaka kaSTa-sahana, parISahoM aura upasargoM para vijaya se sakAma nirjarA hotI hai, vahI yahA~ upAdeya hai| pUrvokta (sakAma) nirjarAnuprekSA ke lie vividha karma vipAkoM kA (azubha karmodaya ke samaya) cintana karanA aura akasmAt-pUrvabaddha karmodayazavAt prApta kaTuvipAkoM (duHkhoM) ke samaya samAdhAnavRtti sAdhanA, samabhAvapUrvaka sahanA, tathA jahA~ sambhava ho, vahA~ svaicchika tapa-tyAga dvArA saMcita karmoM ko bhoganA Avazyaka hai| (10) lokAnuprekSA-tattvajJAna kI vizuddhi tathA samabhAva meM sthiratA ke lie loka (SadravyAtmaka loka) ke vAstavika svarUpa kA cintana karanA, athabA loka ke saMsthAna, jar3a aura cetana donoM ke svarUpa aura paraspara sambandhoM-asambandhoM kA vicAra karanA bhI loka-anuprekSA yA loka saMsthAna bhAvanA hai| (11) bodhidAbhatvAnaprekSA-prApta hae mokSamArga meM apramattabhAva kI sAdhanA ke lie aisA vicAra karanA ki anAdikAla se janma-maraNa ke vividha duHkhoM ke pravAha meM, mohanIya Adi karmoM ke tIvra AghAtoM ko sahate hue jIva ko zuddha bodhi (dRSTi) aura zuddha cAritra milanA atyanta durlabha hai| yahI mokSa prApta karane-samasta duHkhoM se mukta hone kA pradhAna sAdhana hai| 1 tapasA nirjarA c| -tattvArtha0 a0 6 sU0 3
Page #288
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 236 : jaina tattvakalikA - dvitIya kalikA isake binA samasta vrata niyama, tapazcaryA Adi kA AcaraNa mokSa kA - karmakSaya kA kAraNa nahIM, apitu bhavabhramaNa kA hI kAraNa hai / ataH samyaktvarUpI ratna ko prApta karake, use cala-mala agAr3ha Adi doSoM evaM zaMkA, kAMkSA Adi aticAroM se bacAkara surakSita rakhanA atyAvazyaka hai / sAtha hI samyaktva ke svarUpa, kAraNa, mahimA, dUSaNa, bhUSaNa, Adi para punaH punaH vicAra karanA bhI bodhibIja bhAvanA hai / samyagdRSTi AtmAoM kA satsaMga karanA bhI isake lie Avazyaka hai / (12) dharmasvAkhyAtatattvAMnuprekSA - dharma - mArga se cyuta na hone aura usake AcaraNa meM sthiratA evaM sudRr3hatA lAne ke lie dharma - zuddha dharmatattva kA cintana karanA Avazyaka hai / aisA cintana karanA ki yaha merA saubhAgya hai ki samasta prANiyoM ke lie kalyANakara evaM sarvaguNasampanna dharma mujhe milA hai, jisakA vItarAgI mahApuruSoM ne upadeza diyA hai / manuSya bhava tabhI sArthaka ho sakatA hai, jabaki samyagdarzana -jJAna - cAritrarUpa dharma kA samyak AcaraNa kiyA jaae| yahI dharmAnuprekSA hai / ina bAraha anuprekSAoM ke anuprekSakoM ke dRSTAnta kramaza: (1) 'anitya ' ke bharata cakrI, (2) 'azaraNa' ke anAthI muni, (3) 'saMsAra' ke bhagavatI malli, (4) 'ekatva' ke mRgAputra, (5) 'anyatva' ke nami rAjarSi, (6). 'azucitva' ke sanatkumAra cakravartI, (7) 'Asrava' ke samudrapAla, (8) 'saMvara' ke harakezImuni, (E) 'nirjarA' ke ajuna anagAra (10) 'lokAnuprekSA' ke zivarAja- RSi, (11) 'bodhidurlabha' ke bhagavAna RSabhadeva ke 68 putra aura (12) 'dharmAnuprekSA' ke anuprekSaka dharmaruci - anagAra hue haiM / ina bAraha bhAvanAoM meM se kisI bhI eka bhAvanA yA sabhI kA anucintana samyak prakAra se karanA bhI 'karaNa' satya hai / ' bAraha bhikSu pratimAoM kI sAdhanA bAraha bhikSu pratimAoM kA samyak zraddhA - prarUpaNApUrvaka yathAzakti AcaraNa karanA 'karaNasatya' ke antargata hai / bAraha bhikSupratimAe~ sAdhu - jIvana meM nirAhAra, alpAhAra, svAvalamvana evaM svAzrayatva siddha karane tathA Atmazakti bar3hAkara karmakSaya hetu puruSArtha karane kI pratijJAe~ haiM / - oghaniyuktibhASya 1 'bhAvaNA paDimA y'|' 2 dekhiye, bAraha bhikSupratimA ke lie dazAzru taskandha
Page #289
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sAdhu kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa : 237 ve bAraha pratimAe~ isa prakAra haiM (1) prathama pratimA - eka datti anna kI aura eka datti pAnI kI lenA / isakI avadhi eka mAsa hai / - (2) dvitIya pratimA se saptama pratimA taka -- dvitIya pratimA meM do datta AhAra kI aura do datti pAnI kI, isI prakAra tIsarI cauthI, pAMcavIM, chaThI, aura sAtavIM pratimA meM kramazaH tIna, cAra, pAMca, chaha aura sAta datti anna kI aura utanI hI pAnI kI grahaNa karanA / inameM se pratyeka pratimA kA samaya eka mAsa kA hai / ( 8 ) AThavIM pratimA sAta ahorAtra kI hotI hai / isameM ekAntara cauvihAra upavAsa karanA tathA gAMva ke bAhara uttAnAsana (AkAza kI ora muMha karake leTanA), pAvasana ( eka karavaTa se leTanA) yA niSadyAsana (pairoM ko barAbara karake baiThanA ) se dhyAna lagAnA evaM upasarga Ae to zAntacitta se sahanA Adi prakriyAe~ haiM / (6) nauvIM pratimA bhI sAta rAtri kI hotI hai / isameM cauvihAra be-bele pAraNA karanA, grAma se bAhara ekAnta sthAna meM daNDAsana, laguDAsana athavA utkaTukAsana se dhyAna karanA Adi prakriyAe~ haiM / (10) dasavIM 'pratimA - yaha bhI saptarAtri kI hotI hai / isameM cauvihAra tele-tele pAraNA karanA, grAma ke bAhara goduhAsana, vIrAsana yA AmrakubjAsana se dhyAna karanA Adi prakriyAe~ haiM / (11) gyArahavIM pratimA - yaha pratimA eka ahorAtra yAnI ATha pahara kI hotI hai / cauvihAra bele ke dvArA isakI sAdhanA hotI hai / isameM nagara ke bAhara donoM hAthoM ko ghuTanoM kI ora lambA karake daNDAyamAna rUpa meM khar3e hokara kAyotsarga kiyA jAtA hai / (12) bArahavIM pratimA - yaha pratimA eka rAtri kI hotI hai / isakI ArAdhanA kevala eka rAta kI hai / isameM cauvihAra telA karake gA~va ke bAhara nirjana sthAna meM khar3e hokara mastaka ko thor3A-sA jhukAkara kisI eka pudgala para dRSTi rakhakara nirnimeSa dRSTi se nizcalatA pUrvaka kAyotsarga kiyA jAtA hai / upasargoM ke Ane para samabhAva se sahana kiyA jAtA hai| isa prakAra karaNasatya nAmaka solahavA~ anagAra guNa hai /
Page #290
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 238 : jaina tattvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA (17) yogasatya-mana-vacana-kAyA ye tInoM yogoM kA satyarUpa meM pariNata honA, tInoM yogoM ko saralatA aura satyatA se sampanna karanA yogasatya hai| athavA tInoM yogoM ko zama, dama, upazama, AtmasAdhanA Adi meM lagAnA bhI yogasatya hai| kyoMki inake satyarUpa meM pravatta hone se AtmA bhI satyasvarUpa meM lIna hotI hai| (18) kSamA-krodha utpanna hone para bhI AtmasvarUpa meM sthiti rahanA kSamA hai / sAdhu kA pradhAna dharma kSamA hai| (19) virAgatA--saMsAra duHkhoM (zArIrika-mAnasika) se pIr3ita hai| ina duHkhoM ko dekhakara tathA saMsAra ke samasta saMyogoM ko indrajAla ke samAna kalpita aura svapna ke samAna kSaNika samajhakara saMsAra cakra ke paribhramaNa se nivRtta hone kA prayatna krnaa| sAdhu, isa prakAra ke vairAgya se sampanna hotA hai| (20) manaHsamAharaNatA-akuzala mana kI rokakara kuzalatA (zubha bhAvoM) meM sthApana karanA bhI sAdhu kA eka guNa hai| yadyapi yaha guNa yogasatya ke antargata A jAtA hai, tathApi vyavahAranaya kI dRSTi se isakA pRthak pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| yaha eka prakAra kA pratyAhAra hai| (21) vAksamAharaNatA-vANI para saMyama sAdhu-jIvana kA anivArya aMga hai| isalie sAdhu meM isa guNa kA honA Avazyaka hai| svAdhyAya, dharmopadeza Adi AtmasamAdhi-kAraka vacana-prayoga ke atirikta vAkyoga kA nirodha karanA vAgsamAharaNatA hai; kyoMki svAdhyAyAdi ke sivAya kalahaklezAdi ke lie prayukta kiyA jAne vAlA vacana yoga nirarthaka hai; AtmasamAdhi se dUra rakhane vAlA hai| (22) kAya-samAharaNatA-azubha vyApAra (pravRtti) se sadaiva zarIra ko dUra rakhanA kAya-samAharaNatA hai| vyavahAranaya kI daSTi se yaha guNa bhI pRthak batAyA gayA hai| ___(23) jJAnasampannatA-mati, zra ta, avadhi, manaHparyava aura kevalajJAna, ina pAMca jJAnoM meM se yathAjJAna-sampanna honA jJAnasampannatA hai| arthAt-matijJAna, zru tajJAna, aMga-upAMga, pUrva Adi jisa kAla meM jitanA zruta vidyamAna ho, usakA utsAhapUrvaka adhyayana karanA tathA vAcanA, pRcchanA Adi karake jJAna ko dar3ha karanA aura dUsaroM ko yathAyogya jJAna dekara jJAnavRddhi karanA bhI jJAna sampannatA kA aMga hai|
Page #291
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sAdhu kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa : 236 cAra jJAna, to kSayopazama bhAva ke kAraNa vizadI bhAva se prakaTa hote haiM, kintu kevalajJAna kevala kSAyikabhAva ke prayoga prakaTa hotA hai| ataH jisase jJAnAvaraNIya karma kA kSaya yA kSayopazama ho, usa prakAra kI pravRtti yA puruSArtha karanA cAhie, tAki sAdhu meM jJAnasampannatA kA guNa vRddhigata ho| (24) darzanasampannatA-mithyAdarzana se parAGmukha hokara AtmA kA samyagdarzana meM ArUr3ha ho jAnA tathA prApta samyagdarzana ko puSTa aura sthira karanA aura aticAroM se samyagdarzana kI surakSA karanA, darzanasampannatA hai / sAtha hI deva Adi kA upasarga Ane para bhI samyaktva se calita na ho aura zaMkA, kAMkSA Adi doSoM se rahita nirmala samyaktva kA pAlana kre| ___ yadyapi samyagdarzana, mithyAdarzana aura mizradarzana, yoM darzana tIna prakAra kA batAyA gayA hai, tathApi yahA~ kevala samyagdarzana se sampanna honA aura mithyAdarzana evaM mizradarzana ko samyaka prakAra se jAnane ko ho darzanasampannatA kahA gayA hai| .. (25) cAritrasampannatA-jisase karmoM kA caya (saMcaya) rikta (khAlI) ho, usakA nAma cAritra hai| vaha pA~ca prakAra haiM-- (1) sAmAyika cAritra, (2) chedopasthApanIya cAritra, (3) parihAravizuddhi cAritra, (4) sUkSmasAmparAyika cAritra aura (5) yathAkhyAta cAritra / ina pAMca prakAra ke cAritroM meM se yathAzakti svabhUmikAnUsAra gRhIta cAritra kI samyaka ArAdhanA-sAdhanA karanA, aticAroM se cAritra kI surakSA karanA, vividha bhAvanAoM, anuprekSAoM, tapa, tyAga-pratyAkhyAna, samiti guptiyoM, mahAvratoM ke pAlana, parISahajaya, upasarga-sahana, kSamAdi dasa zramaNa dharmoM ke AcaraNa Adi se cAritra ko sudar3ha banAnA cAritrasampannatA hai / jaba AtmAsamyagdarzanasampanna hotA hai to svayameva hI samyakcAritra meM pUrNatayA dar3ha ho jAtA hai| pA~ca cAritroM ke lakSaNa isa prakAra haiM - (1) sAmAyika cAritra-jisase sAvadyayoga se nivRtti ho aura jJAnadarzana-cAritrarUpa samatva kA lAbha ho use sAmAyika cAritra kahate haiN| vaha do prakAra kA hai--stoka kAlika aura yAvajjIva paryanta / ____ muni kA sAmAyika cAritra sarvavirati aura yAvajjIvana ke lie hotA hai, jabaki gRhastha zrAvaka kA sAmAyika cAritra stokakAlika aura deza virati (do karaNa tIna yoga se gRhIta) hotA hai|
Page #292
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 240 : jaina tattvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA __ (2) chedopasthApanIya cAritra-navadIkSita sAdha-sAdhvI ko sAmAyika cAritra grahaNa karane ke jaghanya 7 dina, madhyama 3 mAsa aura utkRSTa 6 mAsa ke pazcAt pratikramaNa bhalIbhAMti sIkha jAne para paMcamahAvratarUpa vratAropaNa karane hetu gurujanoM dvArA jo cAritra 'diyA jAtA hai, use chedopasthAnIya cAritra kahate haiN| vartamAna yuga kI bhASA meM ise bar3I dIkSA kahA jAtA hai / isameM pUrva-paryAya kA vyavaccheda karake, uttaraparyAya kA sthApanamahAvratAropaNa kiyA jAtA hai, isalie ise chedopasthAnIya kahate haiN|' __(3) parihAra-vizuddhi cAritra-jisa cAritra meM doSoM kA parihAra karake Atma-vizuddhi karane hetu 6 muni sAmUhika rUpa se gaccha se pRthaka hokara 18 mAsa paryanta viziSTa tapazcaryAdi kI sAdhanA karate haiM, use parihAra-vizuddhi cAritra kahate haiN| . . isakI vidhi isa prakAra hai-gaccha se nirgata 6 muniyoM meM se prathama cAra muni 6 mAsa paryanta tapa karate haiM, dUsare cAra muni unakI sevA (yAvatya) karate haiM, tathA eka muni dharmakathAdi kriyAoM meM saMlagna rahatA hai| jaba prathama cAra maniyoM kA tapaHkarma pUrNa ho jAtA hai, taba dUsare cAra muni chaha mAsa paryanta tapaHkarma meM saMlagna hote haiM aura pahale ke tapazcaryA vAle cAra muni unakI sevA meM niyukta ho jAte haiM, kintu dharmakathAdi kriyAoM meM prathama muni hI kAma karatA rahatA hai| jaba ve chaha mAsa meM tapaHkarma samApta kara lete haiM, taba dharmakathA karane vAlA muni 6 mAsa taka tapasyA karane meM saMlagna hotA hai, una 8 muniyoM meM se eka muni dharmakathA ke lie niyukta kiyA jAtA hai, zeSa 7 muni tapazcaraNa karane vAle muni kI sevA meM saMlagna hote haiN| isa prakAra 6 muni 18 mAsa meM parihAra-vizuddhi sAdhanA ko pUrNa karate haiN| (4) sUkSmasamparAya cAritra-jisameM lobhakaSAya ko sUkSma kiyA jAtA hai, usakA nAma sUkSmasamparAya cAritra hai / yaha cAritra upazama zreNI yA kSapaka zreNI meM pAyA jAtA hai| upazama zreNI dasaveM guNasthAna-paryanta rahatI hai| (5) yathAkhyAtacAritra-jisa cAritra meM mohakarma upazama-yukta yA kSaya hokara AtmaguNa prakaTa ho jAte haiM, use yathAkhyAtacAritra kahate haiN| 1 prathama aura antima tIrthaMkara ke samaya meM hI chedopasthAnIya cAritra hotA hai /
Page #293
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sAdhu kA sarvAgINa svarUpa : 241 ina pAMcoM prakAra ke cAritroM meM se yathAsambhava cAritra kI samyak ArAdhanA cAritra sampannatA hai / yaha guNa sAdhujIvana kA prANa hai / (26) vedanA - samAdhyAsanA- kisI bhI prakAra kI vedanA, pIr3A, roga, AtaMka, vipatti yA saMkaTa Ane para sAdhu dvArA samabhAva se use sahana karanA vedanA - samAdhyAsanA hai / jainazAstroM meM sAdhaka para Ane vAlI vedanA ke lie do pAribhASika zabda haiM-- upasarga aura parISaha / upasarga sAdhaka kI sAdhanA kI kasauTI hai / ve tIna prakAra ke hote haiMdevakRta, manuSyakRta aura tiyaMcakRta / ina tInoM prakAra ke upasargoM meM se kisI bhI prakAra kA upasarga Ane para use samabhAva se sahana karane para sAdhaka kasauTI para kharA utaratA hai / sAdhaka ko dUsare prakAra kI vedanA parISahoM se hotI hai / aMgIkRta dharma mArga meM (cyuta na hone ) sthira rahane aura karmabandhana ke kSaya karane ke lie jo (kaSTa) samabhAvapUrvaka sahana kiye jAte haiM, unheM parISaha kahate haiM / samasta parISahoM ko zAstrakAroM ne 22 saMkhyA meM parigaNita kara diyA hai / ve isa prakAra haiM (1-2) kSudhA pipAsA - parISaha - bhUkha aura pyAsa kI cAhe jitanI vedanA ho, apanI sAdhumaryAdA ke anukUla AhAra- pAnI na milatA ho, to bhI aMgIkRta maryAdA ke viparIta sacitta yA doSayukta AhAra-pAnI na lete hue ina vedanAoM ko samabhAvapUrvaka sahanA / (3-4) zIta-uSNa - parISaha - zIta ( ThaNDa ) adhika par3ane para usase bacane ke lie sadoSa evaM akalpanIya tathA maryAdA se adhika vastrAdi kA yA agni Adi kA sevana na karanA, isI prakAra garmI se bacane ke lie havA karane yA snAnAdi kI icchA na karanA, balki sardI-garmI kI vedanA ko samabhAva se sahana karanA / (5) daMza-mazaka - parISaha - DAMsa, macchara, khaTamala Adi jantuoM ke upadrava se hone vAle kaSTa ko khinna na hote hue samabhAva se sahana karanA / (6) acela - parISaha - vastra phaTa gaye hoM, atyanta jIrNa-zIrNa hoM, yA vastroM ko cora, DAkU, luTeroM ne curA yA chIna liyA ho, to dInatA prakaTa karake vastroM kI yAcanA na karanA / navIna vastra mileMge, isase harSa aura aba
Page #294
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 242 : jaina tattvakalikA - dvitIya kalikA mujhe kauna vastra degA, isa dRSTi se zoka na karanA, balki vastra rahita yA alpatama vastra hone kI sthiti ko samabhAva se sahanA acela parISaha hai / 1 (7) arati - parISaha - aMgIkRta mArga meM aneka kaThinAiyoM evaM asuvidhAoM ke kAraNa aruci, glAni yA cintA na karanA, balki narakatiryaMcagati ke duHkhoM ko sahane kA smaraNa karake dhairyapUrvaka ukta parISaha ko sahana karanA / (8) strI- parISaha - puruSa yA strI sAdhaka kA apanI sAdhanA meM vijAtIya ke prati kAmavAsanA yA AkarSaNa paidA hone para usakI ora na lalacAnA, mana ko dRr3ha rakhanA yA koI strI puruSa -sAdhaka ko athavA koI puruSa strI-sAdhikA ko viSayabhoga ke lie lalacAe to mana ko vahA~ se mor3akara saMyamarUpI ArAma meM ramaNa karAnA, mana ko kAmavikAra kI ora jarA bhI na jAne denA / (6) caryA - parISaha - eka jagaha sthAyI rUpa se nivAsa karane se moha - mamatva ke bandhana meM par3a jAne kI AzaMkA hai, isalie rugNatA, azaktatA, ativRddhatA Adi kAraNoM ko chor3akara naukalpI vihAra karanA; vihAracaryA meM Ane yA hone vAle kaSToM ko samabhAva se sahanA / athavA paidala calane (pAda vihAra karane) meM hone vAle kaSToM ko sahanA bhI caryA parISaha hai / (10) niSadyA - parISaha - akAraNa bhramaNa na karanA, apitu apane sthAna para hI vRddha yA rugNa Adi kI sevA meM dIrghakAla taka rahanA par3e to mana meM khinnatA na lAnA, athavA vihAra karate hue rAste meM baiThane kA sthAna Ubar3akhAbar3a, pratikUla, kaMkarIlA, vRkSamUla, girikandarA, ekAnta zmazAna yA sUnA makAna mile usa samaya kAyotsarga karake yA sAdhanA ke lie Asana lagAkara baiThe hue sAdhaka para akasmAt siMha, vyAghra, sarpa, vyantaradeva Adi kA upadrava A jAye to usa AtaMka yA bhaya ko akampita bhAva se jItanA, Asana se vicalita na honA / (11) zayyA - parISaha - zayyA kA artha AcArAMgasUtrAnusAra 'vasati' hai / ' sAdhu ko kahIM eka rAta rahanA par3e athavA kahIM adhika dinoM taka, to vahA~ priya yA apriya sthAna yA upAzraya milane para harSa - zoka na karanA, athavA komala-kaThora, U~cI-nIcI, ThaNDI-garma jaisI bhI jagaha mile to bhI samabhAva meM rahanA; kheda na karanA i 1 vasati, upAzraya yA sthAnaka ko kahate haiM /
Page #295
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 1 sAdhu kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa : 243 (12) Akroza - parISaha - kisI grAma yA nagara meM pahu~cane para sAdhu kI kriyA, veSabhUSA Adi dekhakara dveSavaza yA IrSyAvaza koI anabhijJa vyakti Aveza meM Akara use kaThora yA apriya vacana kahe apazabda kahe. gAlI de, nindA kare, mithyA doSAropaNa kare to bhI muni use zAntipUrvaka samabhAva se sahe; usake prati krodha na kare, na hI use bhalA burA kahe / (13) vadha - parISaha - Aveza meM Akara koI vyakti sAdhu ko mAre-pITe, lAThI, DaMDe Adi se prahAra kare, to bhI usa para roSa na kare, apitu usa samaya yaha vicAra kare ki yaha vyakti ajJAnavaza mere zarIra ko bhale hI mArepITe kintu mere AtmA ko kucha bhI hAni nahIM pahu~cA sktaa| isa prakAra samabhAva se vadha parISad ko sahana kare / (14) yAcanA - parISaha - AhAra, auSadha Adi kI AvazyakatA hone para, aneka gharoM se bhikSA mA~ga kara lAne meM mana meM kisI prakAra kI lajjA, glAni, dInatA, abhimAna Adi kA bhAva na lAe ki 'maiM uccakula kA hokara kaise bhikSA mA~gU ?' apitu yaha vicAra kare, bhikSAvRtti sAdhu kA kartavya hai / saMyamayAtrA ke nirvAhArtha pratyeka vastu ko yAcanA dvArA prApta karanA sAdhu kA AcAra hai / (15) alAbha - parISaha - yAcanA karane para bhI yadi vidhipUrvaka abhISTa evaM kalpanIya vastu kI prApti na ho to aisA vicAra kare ki yadi Aja nahIM milI to koI bAta nahIM / anAyAsa hI Aja tapa yA tyAga kA lAbha mila gayA / antarAya karma kA kSayopazama ho jAne para phira vaha padArtha upalabdha ho jaayegaa| isa prakAra alAbha - parISaha sahana kare, kintu na milane para usake lie zoka, cintA, glAni, khinnatA yA dInatA dhAraNa na kare, na hI dInatA pragaTa karane vAle vacanoM kA prayoga kare / (16) roga parISaha - zarIra meM kisI prakAra kI vyAdhi utpanna hone para hAya-hAya na kare, na hI dInatApUrvaka zabda bolakara duHkha prakaTa kare aura na hI mana ko malina kare / apitu vyAkula na hokara zAnti se samabhAvapUrvaka roga kI vedanA sahana kare / usa samaya aisA soce ki yaha roga mere hI kiye kisI azubha karmoM kA phala hai / maiMne hI karma kiye haiM to unakA phala bhI mujhe hI bhoganA hai / usa samaya roga ko vedanA ko samabhAvapUrvaka sahana kara lene se karmoM kI nirjarA hI jAyegI / (17) tRNasparza - saMstAraka Adi na hone para yA saMlekhanA - saMthAre ke samaya yA vaise hI taNa ghAsa Adi para zayana karane se unakI tIkSNatA yA
Page #296
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 244 : jaina tattvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA kaThoratA anubhava ho, zarIra meM vedanA utpanna ho to usameM mRduzayyA-savana jaisI samajhakara prasannatA rakhanAH tathA cubhate tRNasparza ke duHkha se pIr3ita sAdhaka pramANa se adhika vastrAdi bhI na rkhe| (18) jalla-parISaha-grISmakAla meM zarIra para pasInA, maila Adi hone se usa vedanA ko samabhAvapUrvaka sahana kare, na hI udvigna ho aura na snAnAdi saMskAroM kI icchA kre| (19) satkAra-puraskAra-parISaha-vastrAdi ke dAna se athavA vandanAnamaskAra se kisI ne satkAra kiyA athavA dekhA-dekhI yA anya kAraNavaza kisI ne sammAna kiyA to gava na karanA caahie| athavA jaya-jayakAra vandanAdi ke dvArA satkAra milane para prasanna aura na milane para khinna na honA, sammAna-apamAna meM sama rhnaa| (20) prajJA-parISaha'-prajJA arthAt-camatkAriNI buddhi hone para garva na karanA, vaisI buddhi na hone para khinna na honA; kintu jJAnArjana karane meM sadaiva puruSArtha karanA caahie| kisI prajJAvAn sAdhu se bahuta-se sAdhu vAcanA lene yA prazna pUchane Ae~, usa samaya jhajhalAkara vaha aisA na soce ki isase to maiM mUrkha rahatA to acchA thA, aisI parezAnI to nahIM uThAnI pdd'tii| ye saba prajJAparISaha ke prakAra haiN| (21) ajJAna-parISaha-jJAnAvaraNIyAdi karmodayavaza yadi kisI sAdhu ko bahuta parizrama karane para bhI jJAna prApta na ho, smaraNa na rahe, samajha meM na Aye to khinna na ho, athavA koI mUrkha, baddha Adi kaTu zabda kahe to bhI samabhAva se sahana kare aisA vicAra na kare ki jJAna prApti ke lie itanA parizrama, tapa-japa karane para bhI jJAna prApta nahIM hotA, merA janma vyartha hai, apitu svastha citta se tapaHkarma, AcArazuddhi, vinaya Adi ko dhAraNa karake jJAnArAdhanA meM tatpara rahanA cAhie, tAki jJAnAvaraNIya karma kA kSaya athavA kSayopazama ho ske| (22) adarzana-parISaha-muni ko apane samyagdarzana meM dRr3ha rahanA cAhie / anya darzanoM ke anuyAyiyoM ke vaibhava-ADambara evaM prasiddhi, upalabdhi Adi ko dekhakara apane samyagdarzana se yA sUgRhIta tattvoM se vicalita nahIM honA cAhie / yaha bhI vicAra nahIM karanA cAhie ki mujhe itane varSa saMyama1 'prajJA-svayaMvimarzapUrvako vastuparicchedaH matijJAnavizeSabhUtaH / ' -samavAyAMga TIkA
Page #297
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sAdhu kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa : 245 pAlana karate hue ho gaye, yA maiM tattvajJAna meM pAraMgata hU~, phira bhI mujhe abhI taka koI labdhi, upalabdhi yA prasiddhi prApta nahIM huI, kisI deva yA tIrthaMkaradeva ke darzana nahIM hue, na kisI vyakti ne svarga se Akara mujhe kucha kahA, isalie mAlUma hotA hai, mere tattvajJAna meM koI atizaya yA camatkAra nahIM hai, na hI koI deva yA tIrthaMkara Adi haiM yA hue haiM aura na svargAdi paraloka hai, yaha saba bhramajAla hai| isa prakAra kA mithyAdarzanayukta vicAra kadApi na karanA cAhie; kintu samyaktva meM dar3ha aura nizcala honA cAhie, kyoMki samyagdarzana se bhraSTa hone para samasta jJAna evaM cAritra dUSita, bhraSTa, zithila, evaM bhrAnta ho jAte haiN| ___ ataH muni ko ina 22 parISahoM meM se kisI bhI parISaha (kaSTa yA vedanA) kA prasaMga upasthita hone para zAnti se samabhAvapUrvaka sahakara ina para vijaya prApta karanA cAhie, isI se sAdhutA dIpta hotI hai| yaha sAdhu kA vedanA-samAdhyAsanA nAmaka 26vA~ guNa hai| . (27) mAraNAntika-samAdhyAsanA-mAraNAntika kaSTa, AtaMka yA upasarga Ane para bhI apane svIkRta sAdhudharma se, sAdhuvRtti se, vrata niyamoM se evaM samyagdarzanAdi se kadApi vicalita evaM bhayabhIta na ho, balki aisA vicAra kare ki yaha zarIra (jar3a zarIra) bhale hI mare, maiM kabhI nahIM maratA, maiM (AtmA). to cetana aura avinAzI haiN| isa zarIra ko rakSA to dharmapAlana ke lie karanI hai, agara kSamAdi dharma pAlana karate-karate yaha zarIra chUTatA hai, athavA atIva jIrNa-zIrNa-rogAkrAnta evaM dharma pAlana meM azakta hone se chUTatA hai to mujhe samAdhimaraNapUrvaka isa zarIra ko chor3a denA caahie| isa prakAra maraNAnta kaSTa ko samabhAva se sahanA sAdhu kA 27vA~ guNa hai / 1 (ka) bAvIsa parIsahA paNNattA taM jahA digiMchAparIsahe 1, pivAsAparIsahe 2, sItaparIsahe 3, usiNaparIsahe 4, daMsamasagaparIsahe 5, acelaparIsahe 6, araiparIsahe 7, itthIparIsahe 8, cariyAparIsahe 6, nisIhiyAparIsahe 10, sijjAparIsahe 11, akkosaparIsahe 12, vahaparIsahe 13, jAyaNAparIsahe 14, alAbhaparIsahe 15, rogaparIsahe 16, taNaphAsaparIsahe 17, jallaparISahe 18, sakkArapurakkAraparIsahe 16, paNNAparIsahe 20, aNNANaparIsahe 21, daMsaNa (adaMsaNa) parIsahe 22 / -samavAyAMgasUtra, sthAna 22 (kha) uttarAdhyayana mUtra, a0 2 parISaha pravibhakti adhyayana
Page #298
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 246 : jaina tattvakaliMkA-dvitIya kalikA prakArAntara se sAdhu ke 27 guNa kucha prakaraNa granthoM meM sAdhu ke 27 guNoM kA isa prakAra ullekha kiyA gayA hai-(1-5) ahiMsA, satya, datta, brahmacarya aura aparigraha mahAvrata, (6-11) pathvIkAya, apkAya, tejaskAya, vAyukAya, vanaspatikAya aura sakAya-saMyama, (12-16) zrotrendriyanigraha, cakSarindriyanigraha, ghrANendriyanigraha, jihva. ndriyanigraha aura sparzendriyanigraha, (17) lobhanigraha, (18) kSamA, (19) bhAvavizuddhi, (30) pratilekhanAvizuddhi, (21-22) saMyama-yogayukti, (23) kuzala-mana-udIraNA, akuzalamanonirodha, (24) kuzala vacana-udIraNA, akuzala vacananirodha, (25) kuzalakAya-udIraNA, akuzala-kAyanirodha, (26) zItAdipIr3Asahana aura (27) mAraNAntika upasarga sahana / vAstava meM ye 27 guNa pUrvokta 27 guNoM meM samAviSTa ho jAte haiN| satraha prakAra ke saMyama meM dattacitta muni sAdhu satraha prakAra ke saMyama meM dattacitta rahatA hai, vaha aharniza vivekapUrvaka pratyeka prakAra ke saMyamapAlana ke lie saceSTa rahatA hai / saMyama kA artha hai-apanI icchAoM, AvazyakatAoM, apekSAoM, mahattvAkAMkSAoM, lAlasAoM, tRSNAoM aura vAsanAoM para vivekapUrvaka niyaMtraNa rakhanA, unase nivatta hone ke lie prayatnazIla rahanA, unheM rokanA, unase uparata-virakta rahanA / ' satraha prakAra ke saMyama isa prakAra haiM ___ (1) pRthvIkAyasaMyama-sacitta pRthvI ke upayoga se sarvathA virata honA aura AvazyakatAvaza acitta pathvI kA upayoga karanA par3e to bhI kama se kama karanA, niyaMtraNa rkhnaa| (2) apkAyasaMyama-sacitta jala kA sarvathA tyAga karanA, acitta jala kA upayoga bhI yatanApUrvaka evaM kama se kama karanA / .. (3) tejaskAyasaMyama-agnikAya ke kisI bhI prakAra ke upayoga se sarvathA virata honaa| 1 "sattarasavihe saMjame paNNatte taM jahA puDhavIkAyasaMjame, apakAyasaMjame, teukAyasaMjame, vAukAyasaMjame, vaNNassaikAyasaMjame, beiMdiyasaMjame, teiMdiyasaMjame, cauridiyasaMjame, paMcidiyasajame, ajIvakAyasaMjame, pehAsaMjama, uvehAsaMjame, pamajjaNAsaMjame, pariThAvaNiyAsajame, maNasaMjame, vaisaMjame, kaayseNjme|" -samavAyAMga sUtra, sthAna 17
Page #299
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sAdhu kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa : 247 (4) vAyukAyasaMyama - calAkara vAyukAya kA upayoga na kare, svayaM svAbhAvika bahatI huI havA ke upayoga para bhI yathAsaMbhava niyaMtraNa rakhe / (5) vanaspatikAya saMyama - sacitta vanaspati kA upayoga sarvathA na kare, acitta huI vanaspati ke upayoga para saMyama rakhe / (6) dvIndriya jIva saMyama (7) trIndriya jIva saMyama, (8) caturindriya jIva saMyama, (E) paMcendriya jIva saMyama / ina nau prakAra ke jIvoM kI hiMsA samarambha ( mArane ke bhAva ), samArambha ( kisI prANI ko pIr3A denA) aura Arambha ( prANoM se viyukta kara denA) rUpa mana-vacana kAyA se na svayaM kare, na auroM se karAve aura na hI hiMsA karane vAloM kI anumodanA kare / yaha nau prakAra kA saMyama huA / ina nau prakAra ke jIvoM kI rakSA ke lie sAdhu-sAdhvIgaNa pratikSaNa prayatnazIla raheM / (10). ajIva kAya saMyama - jisa ajIva vastu ke rakhane se asaMyama utpanna hotA hai, saMyama dUSita - kalaMkita hotA hai, una padArthoM ko na rakhanA ajIva kAya saMyama hai / jaise- sonA, motI, ratna, maNi, cAMdI Adi dhAtu ityAdi padArthoM ko rakhane se sAdha kA saMyama dUSita hotA hai, ataH inakA sarvathA parityAga karanA / dharmapAlana ke lie vastra, pAtra, pustaka, rajoharaNa, pramArjanI Adi upakaraNa rakhe jAte haiM, unako bhI pramANopeta rakhanA, unameM yathAsaMbhava kamI karanA, tathA jo bhI upakaraNa rakhe jAe~, athavA pATa, caukI, Adi jina kalpanIya vastuoM kA upayoga kiyA jAe, unako yatanApUrvaka grahaNa karanA, uThAnA aura rakhanA, tathA yatanApUrvaka kAma meM lenA ajIvakAya sayama hai | cU~ki sabhI padArtha, Arambhajanita hote haiM ataH unheM muddata pUrI hue binA pariSThApana karanA ( DAlanA yA pheMkanA) nahIM cAhie; yahI ajIva - kAyasaMyama kA tAtparya hai / (11) prekSAsaMyama - kisI bhI vastu ko pahale bhalIbhAMti dekhe-bhAle binA, nirIkSaNa-parIkSaNa kiye binA usakA upayoga upabhoga nahIM karanA tathA bhojana, gamanAgamana, zayanAdi kriyAe~ A~khoM se dekhakara yatanApUrvaka karanA prekSAsaMyama hai / isase prANiyoM kI bhI rakSA hotI hai aura viSaile prANiyoM se apanI bhI rakSA hotI hai / (12) upekSAsaMyama-saMyamabAhya kriyAoM athavA sAdhumaryAdA se bAhya pravRttiyoM yA sAMsArika pravRttiyoM yA sAvadyakRtyoM, Arambhajanya kAryoM
Page #300
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 248 : jaina tattvakAlakA-dvitIya kalikA meM bhAga nahIM lenA, unakI upekSA karane kA prayatna karanA upekSA saMyama hai| isakA eka artha yaha bhI hai jo dharmadveSI haiM, dharmabhraSTa haiM, kadAgrahI, kubuddhi, haThAgrahI evaM mithyAdRSTi haiM, jo samajhAne para bhI apanI durvRtti, pApavRtti yA pApamaya kRtyoM ko chor3ane ko taiyAra nahIM haiM, unake prati upekSA bhAva rakhanA tathA unakA saMsarga na karanA bhI upekSA saMyama hai| . __ (13) pramArjanAsaMyama-aprakAzita sthAna meM tathA rAtri ke samaya gamanAgamana karanA ho, yA jisa sthAna para baiThanA, sonA yA leTanA ho, usa sthAna ko pahale yatanApUrvaka pUjaNI yA rajoharaNa se pramArjana karanA pramArjanAsaMyama hai, kyoMki pramArjana karane se hI jIva-rakSA bhalIbhAMti ho sakatI hai| isI prakAra vastra, pAtra yA zarIra Adi para kisI jIva ke hone kI AzaMkA ho, to use pUjaNI se pramArjana kara lenA bhI pramArjanAsaMyama hai / (14) pariSThApanAsaMyama-mala, mUtra, zleSma, kapha, lITa, vamana, jaThA pAnI, azuddha AhAra, nakha, keza Adi jo vastu pariSThApana karane (jamIna para DAlane) yogya hoM, unheM zuddha aura nirdoSa (zAstrokta 10 prakAra ke doSa se yukta bhUmi vajita karake) bhUmi para viveka aura yatanApUrvaka pariSThApana karanA (girAnA), jisase haritakAya, dhAnya, cIMTI Adi jIvoM kI virAdhanA (hiMsA) yA punaH asaMyama na ho, pariSThApanAsaMyama hai| (15) manaHsaMyama-mana ko kisI jIva ke yA apanI AtmA ke pratikUla, hAnikAraka, Arambha-samArambhajanaka azubha cintana-manana tathA ArtaraudradhyAna se roka (bacA) kara sadaiva pratikSaNa zubha, prazasta evaM samatvayukta, sarvajIva hitakAraka, rAgadveSa rahita, AtmakalyANakArI prazasta cintana, manana tathA dharma-zukla dhyAna meM lagAnA manaHsaMyama hai| .. mana ko nirvicAra, nirvikalpa karane kA prayatna karanA bhI manaH saMyama hai| (16) vAksaMyama-vacana yoga ko vaza meM karanA, mauna rakhanA, prANiyoM ke lie vighAtaka, pIDAkArI, ahitakara, hiMsotpreraka, kAmottejaka, azubhaakuzala vacanoM kA nirodha karake prazasta, madhura, hita, mita, tathya-pathya evaM ahisAdi preraka vacana bolanA vAqasaMyama hai| (17) kAyasaMyama-aprazasta, ahita kara, gamanAgamana tathA aMgoM kA Adhucana-prasAraNa tathA anya akuzala-azubha kAyaceSTAo se bacAkara kAyA
Page #301
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sAdhu kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa : 246 ko yatanApUrvaka samasta kriyAe~ yA pravRttiyA~ karane meM lagAnA kAyasaMyama hai| ___ kAyotsarga yA dhyAnAvasthA meM kAyaceSTAnirodha bhI kAyasaMyama kA aMga hai| kAyotsarga evaM dhyAna se mana, vacana aura kAyA tInoM ke saMyama kI sAdhanA bhalI bhA~ti ho sakatI hai| pUrvokta 17 prakAra ke saMyama kI ArAdhanA-sAdhanA se muni apane antima dhyeya-mokSa ko prApta kara sakatA hai| prakArAntara se 17 prakAra kA saMyama hiMsA, asatya, corI, maithuna aura parigraha ina pA~coM AsravoM se virati, paMcendriyanigraha, cAra kaSAyavijaya, tIna daNDoM se virati, yoM bhI prakArAntara se 17 prakAra kA saMyama hai|' zramaNoM ke dasa uttama dharma * jisa kSaNa se sAdhaka gRhasthAzrama, gharabAra, kuTumba-parivAra, dhana-dhAnya, jamIna-jAyadAda Adi saba chor3akara zramaNa jIvana meM praviSTa hotA hai, tabhI se usake nijasvabhAva meM dasa prakAra ke uttama zramaNadharma kA praveza honA anivArya hai, anyathA uttama zramaNadharma-vihIna kore sAdhu-veSa yA kriyAkANDa se zramaNa kA jIvana niHsAra aura nikRSTa ho jAtA hai / ataeva AdhyAtmika sAdhanA meM aharniza zrama karane vAle sarvasAvadhavirata-sAdhaka zramaNa ko kSamA Adi dasa dharmoM kA uttama rUpa se, zuddhabhAva se, pravaMcanAbhAva rahita hokara ucita zraddhA, prarUpaNA ke sAtha Asevana-pAlana karanA Avazyaka hai / ___ zramaNa ko ina dasa uttama dharmoM ko apane jIvana kA anivArya aMga banA lenA cAhie, kyoMki dazavidha zramaNadharma meM mUla aura uttara donoM hI zramaNaguNoM kA samAveza ho jAtA hai| jAtA hai| .. ____ AcArya jinadAsa ne AvazyakacUNire meM kSamA Adi dasoM dharmoM ke pUrva 1 paMcAzravAda viramaNaM paMcendriyanigrahaH kaSAyajayaH / daNDatraya viratizca saMyamaH saptadazavidhaH smRtaH // 2 (ka) uttamA khamA maddavaM ajjavaM muttI soyaM sacco saMjamo tavo akiMcaNattaNaM baMbhaceramiti / -AvazyakacUNi, AcArya jinadAsa mahattara (kha) 'uttamaH kSamA-mArdavArjava-zauca-satya-saMyama-tapa-styAgAkiMcanya-brahmacaryANi -tattvArtha sUtra a0 6 sU0 6 . dhrmH|
Page #302
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 250 : jaina tattvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA 'uttama' zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai, jaisA ki tatvArtha sUtra meM bhI hai| ve daza prakAra ke zramaNadharma isa prakAra haiM (1) kSamAdharma-yaha sAdhu kA prathama dharma hai| kSamA kA dUsarA nAma kSAnti hai ataH kSamA ke do artha haiM-krodharUpI zatru kA nigraha karanA aura (2) pratIkAra karane kA sAmarthya hone para bhI dUsare ke dvArA kiye gaye apakAra (nindA, gAlI, prahAra, apazabda, doSAropaNa, krodha, tAr3ana-tArjana Adi) ko samabhAva se viveka-vicArapUrvaka sahana karanA / tAtparya yaha hai ki pratyeka vyakti ke dvArA kahe hue durvacanoM, kiye gaye durvyavahAroM ko sahana karanA, itanA sahanazIla bananA ki mana se bhI usake prati krodha utpanna na hone denA, utpanna krodha yA Aveza ko jJAna, viveka, bhAvanA, aura namra bhAva se niSphala kara ddaalnaa| kSamA kI sAdhanA ke pA~ca upAya haiN| (a) svayaM meM krodhanimitta hone, na hone kA cintana-koI krodha kare, yA krodhAveza meM apazabda kahe, taba usake kAraNa ko apane meM DhU~r3hanA / yadi dUsare ke krodha kA kAraNa apane meM dikhAI de to yaha socanA ki bhUla to merI hI hai, isakA kahanA to satya hI hai| kadAcit svayaM meM dUsare ke krodha kA kAraNa vartamAna meM na dikhAI de to sAdhaka yaha soce ki yaha becArA ajJAna- . vaza merI bhUla nikAla rahA hai| kSamAvAna puruSa yaha soce ki. agara ye duguNa mere andara vidyamAna haiM to mujhe isa vyakti kA ehasAna mAnanA cAhie ki yaha mujho sAvadhAna kara rahA hai| isalie isa para krodha karanA mUrkhatA hogI, agara nindaka dvArA kahe gaye dUgNa apane andara nahIM haiM to socanA cAhie vAstava meM mere meM ye duguNa nahIM haiM to isake kahane se thor3e hI maiM burA ho jAU~gA ? athavA yaha socanA cAhie ki jisake pAsa jaisI vastu hai, vaha vaisI hI degA, dUsarI kahA~ se lAegA? mere andara yaha duguNa nahIM haiM to mujhe usake kahe hue apazabdoM ko svIkAra nahIM karanA caahie| dUsare ke dvArA kahe hue apazabdoM ko sIdhe rUpa meM grahaNa kare to vahI sukha rUpa bana jAegA, jaise-kisI ne kahA tU 'karmahIna' yA nikammA (niSkarma) hai, terA khoja miTa jAe, to kSamAvIra soce ki yaha mujhe mokSa prApta karane kA AzIrvacana kahatA hai, jo mokSa pAtA hai, vaho karmahIna yA niSkarma hotA hai, usI kA khoja miTatA hai / koI 'sAlA' kahe to soce ki mere lie to
Page #303
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sAdhu kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa : 251 samasta striyA~ 'bhaginI' haiM, ataH isako patnI bhI merI bahana hai / ataH yaha 'sAlA' kahatA hai to kyA anucita kahatA hai ? (A) krodhavRtti ke doSoM kA cintana - jise krodha AtA hai, vaha Aveza meM Akara gAlI-galauja yA mAra-pITa karake dUsare ke sAtha vaira kI paramparA bar3hAtA hai / yadi krodhAveza meM dUsare ko mAratA pITatA yA hAni pahu~cAtA hai to vaha ahiMsA mahAvrata ko naSTa karatA hai / isa prakAra krodhavRtti ke doSoM kA cintana karake kSamAbhAva dhAraNa kare / (i) apakArI ke bAlasvabhAva kA cintana - kSamAzIla puruSa nindA apazabda, gAlI, apamAna, prahAra karane yA mArane vAle ke prati yaha vicAra kare ki becArA bAlasvabhAvavaza aisA karake apane sukRta (puNya) ko naSTa kara rahA hai mujhe isase kyA nukasAna hai ? merI AtmA ko yA mere dharma ko to yaha jarA bhI hAni nahIM pahu~cA sakatA, ulaTe yaha mere sAtha durvyavahAra karake mujhe kSamAbhAva dhAraNa karane, yA samabhAvapUrvaka sahana karane se nirjarA ( karmakSaya) kA suavasara detA hai / ataH anAyAsa hI prApta kSamA ke suavasara ko khonA ucita nahIM hai / apakArI ke bAlasvabhAva ke samAna maiM bhI bAlasvabhAva vAlA bana gayA to mujhameM aura isameM antara kyA rahegA / isa prakAra jaise-jaise kaSTa Ae~ vaise-vaise apane meM sahiSNutA, udAratA aura vivekazIlatA kA vikAsa karake AsAnI ke kSamA sAdhanA ko siddha karanA cAhie / (I) svakRtakarmoM kA cintana - koI krodhAdi dvArA apakAra kare usa samaya kSamAzIla sAdhaka vicAra kara ki isameM isa becAre kA kyA doSa hai ? yaha to nimitta mAtra hai / vAstava meM yaha mere hI pUrvakRta karmoM kA phala hai / maiMne pUrvabhavoM meM isake sAtha koI durvyavahAra kiyA hogA, usI kA yaha badalA cuka rahA hai / agara isa samaya badalA ha~sate-ha~sate zAnti se kSamA mA~ga kara yA kSamA karake cukA dU~gA, to kSamA mila sakatI hai yA thor3e hI meM usa karja se chuTakArA mila sakatA hai / ataH karmoM ke RNa ko cukA denA hI zreyaskara hai / athavA koI vyakti sacce sAdhu ko cora, nIca, kuttA, cANDAla Adi apazabda kahatA hai, usa samaya kSamAzIla sAdhu yaha soce ki isa bhava meM nahIM to pahale ke bhavoM meM maiMne yaha kRtya kiye hoMge, athavA kuttA yA cANDAla Adi kI avasthAe~ bhI dhAraNa kI haiN| yaha mujhe pUrvabhavoM ke kukRtya kI yAda
Page #304
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 252 : jaina tattvakalikA - dvitIya kalikA dilAtA hai, yaha satya hI to kahatA hai ataH isa para krodha na karake kSamAzIlatA dhAraNa karanI cAhie / ( u ) kSamA kI zakti kA cintana - krodha karane vAle ke prati krodha na karake kSamA dhAraNa karane se citta meM svasthatA, zAnti aura prasannatA bar3hatI hai / badalA lene yA pratIkAra karane meM vyaya hone vAlI zakti ko kSamAzIlatA se bacAkara usakA vyaya sanmArga meM kiyA jA sakatA hai / phira kSamA kI zakti Atmabala evaM AtmavIrya ko bar3hAtI hai, jisase mokSa mArga meM prabala puruSArtha kiyA jA sakatA hai / isake atirikta kSamA kI zakti kA apakArI para acUka prabhAva par3atA hai / sAtha hI jisa prakAra zubhAzubha zabdoM kA karNendriya meM praviSTa hone kA svabhAva hai, usI prakAra sAdha meM ina zabdoM ke prahAra ko sahana karane kI kSamatA - kSamA karane kI zakti honI cAhie / isI prakAra arjunamuni, gajasukumAla muni, bhagavAn mahAvIra Adi kI uttama kSamA kA cintana karake apane meM kSamAzakti bar3hAnI caahie| (2) muktidharma - mukti kA artha yahA~ nirlobhatA hai / " sAdhaka meM lobhavRtti hone se usakA aparigraha mahAvrata dUSita hotA hai, vastu ke prati mamatA, mUrcchA evaM Asakti jAgatI hai, jo sAdhu ko saMyama se bhraSTa kara detI hai / dUsaroM ke pAsa adhika upakaraNa yA sAdhana dekhakara sAdha apane mana meM bhI vaise aura utane upakaraNoM yA sAdhanoM ko pAne kA lobha na kare / vaha yaha soce ki jitanI - jitanI upadhi bar3hegI yA vastuoM ko pAne kA lobha bar3hegA, utanI utanI upAdhi, cintA, vyAkulatA evaM azAnti bar3hegI, sAdhu jIvana kI zAnti samApta ho jAyagI / jitanA - jitanA lAbhAntarAya karma kA kSayopazama hogA, utanA utanA lAbha to mujhe mila hI jAegA, phira vastuoM ko pAne kI lAlasA, tRSNA yA lobhavRtti karake nAhaka hI karmabandha kyoM kiyA jAe ? lobha se hAni ke sivAya aura koI lAbha to hai nahIM / ataH mukti dharma ke dhAraka sAdhu ko lobhavRtti se dUra rahanA cAhie / jo sAdhu lobhavaza adhikAdhika upakaraNoM kA saMgraha karate haiM, unheM vihAra ke samaya bar3I ar3acana hotI hai, adhika upakaraNa hone se pratilekhanAdi meM bhI adhika samaya lagAnA par3atA hai, jisase jJAna-dhyAna meM vyAghAta hotA hai / lobhI sAdhu kA Adara-satkAra kama ho jAtA hai / isake viparIta santoSavRtti ke sAdhu haiM, ve apane zarIra kI rakSA kI bhI paravAha nahIM 1 muktirnilobhatA /
Page #305
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sAdhu kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa : 253 karate, unake mana meM icchita vastu na milane para bhI koI AkulatA - vyAkulatA nahIM hotI, ve santuSTa, sukhI aura zAntimaya rahate haiM, ve apane pAsa ke kisI bhI abhISTa upakaraNa - vastra - pAtra Adi kA bhI samaya Ane para tyAga kara dete haiN| upakaraNoM para unakA tanika bhI mamatva nahIM hotA / koI suvihita sAdhu ke milane para ve unase kahate haiM - 'kRpAsindho ! mujha para anugraha karake isa vastu ko grahaNa kIjie, mujhe tAriye / ' ve grahaNa kara leM to yaha samajhe ki maiM kRtArtha huA / tattvArtha sUtra meM 'mukti' badale zauca dharma hai / usakA artha bhI AcArya jinadAsa ne dharmopakaraNoM ke prati alubdhatA kiyA hai / " (3) Arjava dharma - mana-vacana-kAyA kI kuTilatA kA parityAga karake RjutA saralatA -- mana-vacana-kAyA meM ekarUpatA, vicAra - bhASaNa vyavahAra meM ekatA dhAraNa karanA hI Arjava dharma hai / bhAvoM kI zuddhatA aura pavitratA isI meM hai ki jo bAta mana meM ho, vahI vacana se kahe aura tadanusAra hI kArya kre| yadi kisI guNa kI yA kriyA kI apane meM kamI ho to use chipAye nahIM, mAyAcArI na kare, na hI dambha aura dikhAvA kre| apanI asamarthatA yA durbalatA ko prakaTa karane meM koI doSa nahIM, kintu mAyAcArI, kapaTavRtti aura prapaMca karane se to bahuta bhayaMkara pariNAma bhoganA par3atA hai, aisA socane se hI muni Arjavadharma kA pAlana kara sakatA hai / C (4) mArdavadharma - citta meM mRdutA, vyavahAra meM namratA aura vacanoM meM komalatA kA honA mArdava hai| mRdutA naSTa hotI hai - abhimAna se prasiddhi ke garva se; prazaMsA, sammAna, Rddhi, rasa aura sAtA (sukha-suvidhA) ke ghamaNDa, (gaurava) se, jAti, kula, bala Adi 8 prakAra ke mada se / ataH inheM pAkara apane Apako bar3A yA utkRSTa mAnakara garvita na hone se, ina vastuoM kI nazvaratA kA vicAra karane se mArdavadharma AtA hai / (5) lAghavadharma - lAghava kA artha AcArya abhayadeva ne kiyA haidravya se alpa upadhi rakhanA aura bhAva se gaurava (prasiddhi, yaza-kIrti, sammAna tathA sukha suvidhA Adi kI prApti) kA tyAga karanA / athavA bhAva se karmoM ke bhAra ko haTAnA bhI lAghava hai / 1 soyaM aluddhatA dhammovagaraNesu vi / -- AvazyakacUrNi : AcArya jinadAsa
Page #306
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 254 : jaina tattvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA ___ AcArya haribhadra lAghava kA artha 'apratibaddhatA" karate haiM, arthAta dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva se sambandhita pratibaddhatA kA tyAga krnaa| vAstava meM sAdha jaba kisI Adata kA zikAra ho jAtA hai, athavA kisI eka kSetra ke prati mamatvabaddha hokara kahIM jama jAtA hai, yA amuka samaya taka kahIM rahane ke lie vacanabaddha ho jAtA hai athavA amuka azubhabhAvoM kA cintana karane kA AdI ho jAtA hai, taba vaha dUsaroM ke lie bhI bhArI ho jAtA hai aura apane lie bhI bhArabhUta ho jAtA hai, lAghavadharma se vaha cyuta ho jAtA hai| ataH pratibaddhatA athavA upakaraNavRddhi se use bacanA hI zreyaskara hai| isake badale tattvArthasUtra Adi meM AkiJcanya dharma batAyA gayA hai| akiJcanatA kA artha hai-kisI bhI sajIva-nirjIva vastu ke prati kiJcit bhI mamatva-buddhi, Asakti, lAlasA yA tRSNA na rakhanA, yahAM taka ki apane zarIra, saMgha, ziSya-ziSyA, zAstra, pAtra Adi ko bhI apanA nahIM samajhanA cAhie, itanI nirlepatA dhAraNa karane se AkiMcanya yA lAghavadharma puSTa hotA hai| (6) satyadharma-satya kA artha hai jaisA dekhA, sunA, socA yA anumAna kiyA hai, dUsaroM ke samakSa vaisA hI kahA jAye, sAdhu ke vicAra, uccAra (vANI) aura AcAra (vyavahAra-AcaraNa), tInoM meM satyatA honI caahie| kabhI kisI apavAda mArga kA Azraya lenA par3e to usa samaya bhI antaHkaraNa kI satyatA honI caahie| prANAnta kaSTa A par3ane para bhI satyadharma se vicalita nahIM honA caahie| satya kA artha yaha bhI hai ki jo prANimAtra ke lie hitakara ho / kAne ko kAnA kahanA, yA kor3hI ko kor3hI kahanA vANI se satya hote hue bhI ukta vyaktiyoM ke citta ko duHkhita karane vAlA hone se vaha ahitakara hai, ataeva, vastutaH vaha satya nahIM hai| satya bhI do prakAra kA hai-dravyasatya aura bhAvasatya / prANiyoM ke lie hitakara yathArtha vacana dravyasatya hai aura vicAra, bhAva, dRSTi aura zraddhA 1 (ka) lAghavaM-apratibaddhatA -Avazyaka ziSyahitA TIkA (kha) lAghavaM dravyato'llopadhitA bhAvato gaurava tyAgaH / -samavAyAMga TIkA 2 Avazyaka cUrNi 3 sadbhyo hitam-satyam /
Page #307
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sAdhu kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa : 255 meM satyatA-yathArthatA tathA samyak tattvoM para antaHkaraNa meM dRr3ha zraddhAna karanA bhAvasatya hai| kisI ko diye hae vacana kA pAlana karanA bhI satyadharma kA pAlana hai| kyoMki jagat meM satya se bar3hakara koI dharma nahIM hai, (nAsti satyAtparo dhrmH)| ___ satya dharma para ArUDha rahane se sAdha ke prati lokavizvAsa bar3hatA hai, vacanasiddhi prApta hotI hai aura vaha jagatpUjya banatA hai| (7) saMyamadharma-pUrvokta 17 prakAra ke saMyama kA pAlana karanA tathA vizeSatayA svacchandAcAra ko rokakara, apanI indriyA~ tathA mana, vacana aura kAyA para niyamana karanA arthAta-vicAra, vANI aura gati-sthiti meM yatanA kA abhyAsa karanA saMyamadharma hai| (8) tapodharma-malina vRttiyoM ko nimala karane ke lie apekSita zakti ko svecchA se sAdhanA meM lagAnA, athavA svecchA se Atma-damana karanAicchAoM kA nirodha karanA tapa hai / tapa. dharma tabhI banatA hai, jaba sAdhu zraddhA, jJAna, antaHkaraNa aura vivekapUrvaka svecchA se apanI indriyoM, mana, vANI aura kAyA ko tapAtA hai, dharmapAlanArtha Ane vAle kaSToM kI kasauTI para apane mana-vacana-kAya ko kasakara Atmazakti bar3hAne kA abhyAsa karatA hai / kAma-krodhAdi TripuoM ke damana kA upAya tapa hI hai| isase AtmA zuddha doSarahita banatA hai| (8) tyAgadharma-tyAga kA artha yahA~ zarIra aura zarIra se sambandhita samasta sajIva-nirjIva padArthoM ke prati Asakti, mamatA mUrchA kA parityAga karanA hai| sarvasaMga-parityAga meM saMsAra ke sabhI padArthoM tathA bhUtakAla evaM vartamAnakAla meM vyaktiyoM ke sAtha hone vAle AsaktipUrNa sambandhoM kA tyAga A jAtA hai| tyAga kA artha bhI kiyA gayA hai-saMvigna manojJa sAdhaoM ko apane nizrAya kI vastu meM se dAna karanA arthAta vastra, pAtra, AhArAdi meM se apane sArmika sAdhuoM ko denA, tyAgadharma hai| (10) brahmacaryavAsarUpa dharma-brahmacarya-vAsa ke yahA~ do artha haiM-(1) kAmazatra kA nirdalana karane vAle brahmacarya -- zIla meM nivAsa karanA yAnI brahmacaryavrata meM niSThApUrvaka rama jAnA, aura (2) sAdhanA meM hone vAlI truTiyA athavA aguvaNoM ko dUra karane ke lie brahma (guru) ke carya (sAnnidhya) meM
Page #308
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 256 : jaina tattvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA basanA / arthAt guru kI adhInatA meM rahakara grahaNa-zikSA aura AsevanAzikSA dvArA sadguNoM kA abhyAsa karanA / vizeSatayA gurukula (guru kI sevA) meM rahakara sparza, rasa, gandha, rUpa, zabda tathA zarIrAdi kI Asakti se dUra rahane aura niSThApUrvaka brahmacarya pAlana kA abhyAsa karanA brahmacaryavAsa rUpa dharma kA uddezya hai| isa prakAra dazavidha zramaNa dharma' sAdhu jIvana kA anivArya aMga hai| zramaNa ko prApta hone vAlI labdhiyA~ pUrvokta guNoM, dharmoM aura saMyama Adi se yukta sAdha ko vividha tapazcaraNa ke phalasvarUpa antaHkaraNa zuddha ho jAne se aneka labdhiyA~, siddhiyAM yA AtmazaktiyA~ upalabdha ho jAtI haiM / ve isa prakAra haiM- . (1) manobalalabdhi -mana kA parama dRr3ha aura alaukika sAhasa yukta ho jaanaa| (2) vAkbalalabdhi-pratijJA-nirvAha karane kI zakti utpanna ho jaanaa| (3) kAyabalalabdhi-kSudhAdi lagane para bhI zarIra meM zakti aura sphUrti kA bane rahanA; zarIra mlAna (kAntirahita) na honaa| (4) manasAzApAnugrahasamartha-mana se zApa dene aura anugraha karane meM samartha ho jaanaa| (5) vacasA zApAnugrahasamartha-vacana se zApa aura anugraha meM smrthtaa| (6) kAyena zApAnugrahasamartha-kAyA se zApa dene aura anugraha karane meM samartha ho jaanaa| (7) khelauSadhiprApta- mukha kA mala (thUka, khaMkhAra yA kapha) rogopazamana meM samartha ho| . (8) jalloSadhiprApta-zarIra ke maila evaM pasIne se sabhI rogoM kA upazamana ho jaay| 1 (ka) dasavihe samaNadhamme paNNatte taM jahA-khaMtI 1, muttI 2, ajjave 3, mahave 4, lAghave 5, sacce 6, saMjame 7, tave 8, ciyAe 6, baMbhaceravAse 10 / -samavAyAMga, 10 samavAya (kha) khaMtI ya maddavajjavamuttI, tavasaMjame ya boddhavve / . saccaM soyaM AkiMcaNaM ca baMbhaM ca jaidhamme / -A0 haribhadra dvArA uddhRta prAcIna saMgrahaNI gAthA
Page #309
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sAdhu kA savAMgINa svarUpa ! 257 (6) viprauSadhiprApta-mUtrAdi ke bindu tathA mala-mUtra auSadharUpa hokara rogopazamana karane meM samartha bana jaayeN| (10) AmarSaNauSadhiprApta hastAdi kA sparza bhI auSadhi kA kAma kre| (11) savauSadhiprApta-zarIra ke samasta avayava auSadhi rUpa meM pariNata ho jaaveN| (12) koSThakabuddhi-jisa prakAra koThe meM rakhA huA dhAnya surakSita rahatA hai, usI prakAra guru Adi se sIkhA huA samasta jJAna buddhirUpI koSThaka (koThe) meM surakSita rahatA hai, naSTa nahIM hotaa| (13) bojabuddhi-jisa prakAra vaTa vRkSa kA bIja vistata hotA jAtA hai, usI prakAra jisakI buddhi pratyeka zabda kA artha vistAra karane meM sakSama ho jAtI hai| (14) paTabuddhi-jisa prakAra mAlI apane bagIce se, jitane bhI vRkSAdi yA puSpaphalAdi girate haiM, una sabako grahaNa kara letA hai, usI prakAra jisakI buddhi gurumukha se niHsRta samasta sUtra-artha Adi suvAkyoM ko grahaNa kara letI hai| (15) saMbhinnazrotRzakti-jisakI sabhI indriyA~ yA zarIra ke samasta roma kAna kI taraha zabda sunane kI zakti vAle bana jAyeM / (16) padAnusAriNIlabdhi-eka pada upalabdha hone para usase sambandhita tadanusArI aneka padoM ko uccAraNa karane kI zakti / (17) kSIrAvAlabdhi-jisa labdhi ke mAhAtmya se zrotAoM ko kSIra ke samAna madhura aura kAnoM tathA mana ko sukhaprada lagane vAle vacana muni ke mukha se nikalate haiN| (18) madhvAzravA labdhi-jisa labdhi ke prabhAva se muni kA vacana madhu (zahada) kI taraha zrotA ke sarva doSoM (Antarika doSoM) kA upazamana karane vAlA, AlhAda utpanna karane vAlA evaM samabhAvotpAdaka hotA hai| (19) sapirAzravA labdhi-jisa labdhi ke prabhAva se muni kA vacana ghata ke samAna zrotAoM meM dharmasneha-dharmAnurAga utpanna karane vAlA hotA hai| (20) akSINa-mahAnasa labdhi-jisa labdhi ke prabhAva se thor3A-sA bhikSA-prApta mUla bhojana hajAroM puruSoM ko diye jAne para bhI kSINa (samApta)
Page #310
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 258 : jaina tattvakalikA-dvitIya kalikA nahIM hotA, arthAt akSINa mahAnasa zakti ke prApta ho jAne se mUlabhojana se sahasroM puruSoM ko tRpta kiyA jA sakatA hai| (21) vaikriyalabdhi - jisa labdhi ke prApta ho jAne para manacAhA rUpa banAne, eka yA aneka, choTA yA bar3A, surUpa yA kurUpa, halakA yA bhArI yatheccha zarIra banA lene Adi kI zakti utpanna ho jAtI hai| (22) jaMghAcAraNalabdhi-jisa labdhi ke prabhAva se jaMghA meM AkAza meM ur3ane kI zakti utpanna ho jAtI hai| (23) vidyAcAraNalabdhi-jisa tapaHkarma ke prabhAva se muni meM vidyA (maMtrazakti) dvArA AkAza meM ur3ane kI zakti utpanna ho jAtI hai / ye aura isI prakAra kI anya aneka labdhiyA~, siddhiyA~ athavA AtmazaktiyA~ vividha tapazcaryAoM ke prabhAva se muni ko prApta ho jAtI hai / yadyapi labdhi-prApta vivekasampanna muni janatA ko camatkAra, ADambara dikhAne yA apanI zaktiyoM kA vyartha pradarzana karane meM ina labdhiyoM kA durupayoga nahIM karate, aura na hI ina labdhiyoM ke prabhAva se svayaM sukha-suvidhApUrNa yA bhoga-vilAsayukta jIvana bitAne yA amuka bhogoM kI prApti kI icchA karate haiM / ve muni ukta labdhiyA~ prApta karane ke lie tapazcaryA nahIM karate, kintu utkRSTa tapaH karma ke prabhAva se unheM anAyAsa hI ayAcita rUpa se ye labdhiyA~ yA zaktiyA~ prApta ho jAtI haiN| yadyapi munidharma kI kriyAoM aura AcAra-vicAra ke sambandha meM zAstroM aura granthoM meM hajAroM paSTha bhare par3e haiM, parantu una sabakA mUla dazavidha zramaNadharma aura sAdhu ke 27 guNa haiN| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke munigaNa ko vizeSatAeM aupapAtika sUtra meM zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra ke munimaNDala kI vizeSatAoM aura upalabdhiyoM kA vistRta varNana milatA hai| usa kAla aura usa samaya (avasarpiNIkAla ke caturtha duHSama-suSama Are) meM zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmI ke antevAsI (ziSya) bahata-se sthavira bhagavAn jAtisampanna, kulasampanna, balasampanna, ojasvI, tejasvI, varcasvI, yazasvI, krodhavijayI, mAnavijayI, mAyAvijayI, lobhavijayI, jitendriya, nidrAvijayI, parISahavijetA, jIvitAzA evaM maraNa bhaya se vimukta, vratapradhAna, guNapradhAna, karaNapradhAna, caraNapradhAna, nigrahapradhAna, nizcayapradhAna, ArjavapradhAna, mArdavapradhAna, lAghavapradhAna, kSAntipradhAna, mukti (nirlobhatA)
Page #311
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sAdhu kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa : 256 pradhAna, vidyApradhAna, maMtrapradhAna, vedapradhAna (vedoM ke sAMgopAMga jJAtA), brahmacaya (kuzalAnuSThAna meM) pradhAna, nayapradhAna, niyama (abhigrahAdi meM) pradhAna, satyapradhAna, samyakavAdiyoM meM pradhAna, dravya se zArIrika zauca aura bhAva se zuddha nirdoSa saMyamiyoM meM pradhAna, sUndara varNa yA yazakIrti vAle, lajjAlu, tapasvI, jitendriya, tInoM yogoM ko zuddha rakhane vAle yA AhArAdi kI zodha (gaveSaNA) karane vAle, nidAnarahita, autsukya bhAva se rahita, bAhya-azubha lezyAoMmanovattiyoM se rahita apratima lezyAoM (atula manovRttiyoM) se yukta, suzrAmaNya meM rata (anurakta), dAnta (guruoM dvArA damita-anuzAsita) haiM, jo isa nigranthapravacana ko pramANabhUta (Age) karake vicaraNa karate haiN|' . sthavira muniyoM ko apratima garimA aupapAtika sUtra meM Age sthavira muniyoM kI alaukika pratibhAoM tathA apratima garimAoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai una sthavira bhagavantoM ko AtmavAda pUrNa rUpa se vidita (jJAta) ho gaye the, paravAda bhI unheM vidita (vizeSa rUpa se paricita) ho gaye the, arthAt ve svamata-paramata ke pUrNa vettA the| jisa prakAra koI bhI vyakti apane nAma ko kisI bhI dazA meM nahIM bhUlatA, tathA jaise mattahAthI AnandapUrvaka sundara udyAna meM krIr3A karatA hai, usI prakAra bAra-bAra AvRtti karake pUrNarUpa se AtmavAda ko avismRtarUpa se adhigata (avagata) karake ve apanI mastI se AnandapUrvaka AtmavAdarUpI ArAma meM ramaNa karate the| unake dvArA kiye gaye praznoM ke vivecana (vyAkaraNa-vyAkhyAna) meM kisI ko bhI tarka karane kA ava 1 "teNaM kAleNaM teNaM samaeNaM samaNassa bhagavao mahAvIrassa aMtevAsI bahave therA bhagavaMto jAisaMpaNNA, kulasaMpaNNA, balasaMpaNNA oaMsI, teaMsI, vaccaMsI, jasaMsI, jiyakohA, jiyamANA, jiyamAyA, jiyalohA, jiyaiMdiyA, jiyaNiddA, jiyaparIsahA, jIviyAsa-maraNabhayavippamukkA, vayappahANA, guNappahANA, karaNappahANA, caraNappahANA, NiggahappahANA, NicchayappahANA, ajjavappahANA maddavappahANA, lAghava'pahANA, khaMtippahANA, muktippahANA vijjAppahANA, maMtappahANA, veyappahANA, baMbhapahANA, ' nayappahANA, niyamappahANA saccappahANA, soyappahANA, cAruvaNNA, lajjA-tavassI, jiiMdiyA, sohI, aNiyANA, appussuA, abahillesA appaDilessA susAmaNNarayA daMtA, iNameva NiggaMthaM pAvayaNaM purao kAuM viharaMti / " - aupapAtika sUtra, sU0 16
Page #312
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 260 : jaina tattvakelikA-dvitIya ka.likA kAza (chidra) nahIM rahatA thaa| jisa prakAra eka dhanADhya ratnoM ke piTAre ( karaNDaka) kI sahAyatA se vyApArAdi kArya kara sakatA hai, usI prakAra jJAna-darzana- cAritrarUpI ratnoM ke piTAre ke kAraNa ve kutrikApaNa ( trilokI kI vastuoM kI devAdhiSThita hATa) ke samAna the / arthAt - una sthaviroM se saba prakAra ke jJAnAdi padArtha prApta hote the, sabhI prakAra ke praznoM ke uttara jijJAsuoM ko prApta hote the; isa kAraNa ve paravAdI - mAnamardaka ( akATya yuktiyoM se sva-siddhAnta maNDanakarttA ) the; dvAdazAMga vANI tathA samasta gaNipiTakoM ke dhAraka the; sarvAkSara- sannipAtI the, sarvabhASAnugAmI ( svabhASA ke bala se saba bhASAoM meM bhASaNa - saMmbhASaNakuzala) the, isalie ve jina to nahIM, parantu jina sadRza the aura jina bhagavAn kI taraha yathAtathya rUpa se padArthoM kA varNana karate the| itanI pratibhAoM aura garimAoM se sampanna ve sthavira muni saMyama aura tapa se apanI AtmA ko bhAvita ( vAsita) karate hue (bhagavAn ke sAtha) vicaraNa karate the / 1 sAdhu kI ikatIsa upamAe~ aupapAtika sUtra meM 'sAdhu ko nimna 31 upamAoM se upamita kiyA gayA hai (1) kAMsyapAtra - uttama evaM svaccha kAMsyapAtra jaise jalamukta rahatA hai, usI prakAra sAdhu bhI sAMsArika sneha se mukta rahatA hai / (2) zaMkha - jaise zaMkha para raMga nahIM car3hatA, usI prakAra muni para bhI rAgabhAva kA raMga nahIM car3hatA / (3) kacchapa - jaise kachuA cAra paira aura eka gardana ina pAMcoM avayavoM ko sikor3akara, khopar3I meM chipAkara surakSita rakhatA hai, vaise hI muni bhI saMyama kSa etra meM pAMcoM indriyoM ko gopana karatA hai, unheM viSayonmukha nahIM hone detA / 1 " tesi NaM bhagavaMtANaM AyAvAyA vi viditA bhavati, paravAyA viditA bhavaMti, AyAvAyaM jamaittA nalavaNAmiva mattamAtaMgA, acchidda pasiNavAgaraNA, rayaNakaraMDasamANA, kuttiyAvaNabhUyA, paravAdiyapamaddaNA, duvAlasaMgiNo samattagaNipiDagadharA savvakkhara saNNivAiNo savvabhASAnugAmiNo ajiNA jiNasaMkAsA jiNA iva avihaM vAgaramANA, saMjameNa tavasA appANaM bhAve mANA viharati / " - aupapAtikasUtra, tra, sU0 16
Page #313
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sAdhu kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa : 261 (4) svarNa - jaise nirmala svarNa prazasta rUpavAn hotA hai, usI prakAra sAdhu bhI rAgAdi kA nAza kara prazasta AtmasvarUpavAn hotA hai / (5) kamalapatra - jaise kamala patra jala se nirlipta rahatA hai, usI prakAra muni bhI anukUla viSayoM se nirlipta - anAsakta rahatA hai / (6) candra- candramA jaise saumya hotA hai, usI prakAra sAdhu svabhAva se saumya hotA hai / (7) sUrya - jaise sUrya teja se dopta hotA hai, vaise hI sAdhu tapa ke teja se dIpta rahatA hai / (8) sumeru - jaise sumeru parvata sthira hai, pralaya kAla meM bhI vicalita nahIM hotA, usI prakAra sAdhu saMyama meM sthira rahatA huA anukUla-pratikUla parISahoM se vicalita nahIM hotA / (6) samudra - jisa prakAra samudra gambhIra hotA hai, usI prakAra sAdhu bhI gambhIra hotA hai, harSa - zoka ke kAraNoM se citta ko caMcala nahIM hone detA / (10) pRthvI -- jisa prakAra pRthvI sabhI bAdhA-pIr3Ae~ sahatI hai, usI prakAra sAdhu bhI sabhI prakAra ke parISaha aura upasarga sahana karatA hai / (11) bhasmAcchanna agni - jaise rAkha se DhakI huI agni bAhara se malina dikhAI detI huI bhI andara se pradIpta rahatI hai, usI prakAra sAdhu tapa se kRza hone se bAhara se mlAna dikhAI detA hai, kintu andara se zubha bhAvanA ke dvArA prakAzamAna rahatA hai / (12) ghatarikta agni - jaise ghI se sIMcI huI agni teja sahita dedIpya - mAna hotI hai, vaise hI sAdhu, jJAna evaM tapa ke teja se dedIpyamAna rahatA hai / (13) gozIrSa candana - jaise gozIrSa candana zItala aura sugandhita hotA hai, usI prakAra sAdha bhI kaSAyoM se upazAnta hone se zItala evaM zIla kI sugandha se vAsita hotA hai / 6 (14) jalAzaya - havA calane para bhI jaise jalAzaya kI sataha sama rahatI hai, U~cI-nIcI nahIM hotI; vaise hI sAdhu bhI sammAna-apamAna, sukha duHkha, anukUlatA pratikUlatA meM sama rahatA hai / (15) darpaNa - svaccha darpaNa jisa prakAra spaSTa pratibimbagrAhI hotA
Page #314
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 262 : jaina tattvakalikA - dvitIya kalikA hai, usI prakAra sAdha u bhI mAyArahita svaccha hRdaya hone se zAstroM ke bhAvoM pUrNatA grahaNa kara letA hai / (16) gandhahastI - jisa prakAra hAthI raNAMgaNa meM apanA prabala zaurya dikhAtA hai, vaise hI sAdhu bhI parISaha senA ke sAtha jUjhane meM apanA Atma - vIrya (zaurya) prakaTa karatA hai aura vijayI hotA hai / (17) vRSabha - jaise dhorI baila uThAe hue bojha ko yathAsthAna pahu~cAtA hai, bIca meM nahIM chor3atA, vaise hI sAdhu bhI grahaNa kiye hue mahAvrata - bhAra ko utsAhapUrvaka vahana karatA hai / (18) siMha - jaise siMha mahAparAkramI hotA hai, vana ke mRgAdi anya pazu use harA nahIM sakate, vaise hI sAdhu bhI AdhyAtmika zaktisampanna hotA hai, parISaha use parAjita nahIM kara sakate / (16) zArada jala - jaise zarad Rtu kA jala nirmala hotA hai, usI prakAra sAdhu kA hRdaya bhI rAga-dva eSAdi mala se rahita hotA hai / 7 (20) bhAraNDa pakSI - jaise bhAraNDa pakSI aharniza sAvadhAna rahatA hai, tanika bhI pramAda nahIM karatA, usI prakAra sAdhu bhI sadaiva saMyama meM apramatta evaM sAvadhAna rahatA hai / (21) gaiDA - jaise gaiMDe ke mastaka para eka hI sIMga hotA hai, usI prakAra sAdhu bhI rAga-dva eSa rahita hone se bhAva se ekAkI rahatA hai aura kisI bhI vyakti evaM vastu meM Asakta nahIM hotA / (22) sthANu -- jaise - ThaMTha ( sthANu) nizcala khar3A rahatA hai, vaise hI Tara Adi ke samaya nizcala - niSprakampa khar3A rahatA hai / (23) zUnyagRha - jaise sUne ghara meM saphAI, sajAvaTa Adi ke saMskAra nahIM hote, usI prakAra sAdhu bhI zarIra kA saMskAra nahIM karatA, vaha bAhya zobhA-gAra kA tyAgI hotA hai / (24) dIpaka - nirvAta sthAna meM jaise dIpaka sthira akampita rahatA hai, usI prakAra sAdhu bhI ekAnta sthAna meM rahatA huA, rAga-dveSarahita, nirmala evaM zuddha citta meM vAsa karatA huA upasarga Ane para bhI dhyAna se calita nahIM hotA / (25) kSuradhArA - jaise ustare ke eka hI dhAra hotI hai, vaise hI sAdhu bhI tyAgarUpa eka dhArA vAlA hotA hai /
Page #315
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sAdhu kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa : 263 (26) ahi(sarpa)-jaise sarpa sthira dRSTi rakhatA hai, arthAt apane lakSya para ekaTaka dRSTi jamAe rahatA hai, vaise hI sAdhu bhI apane mokSarUpa dhyeya para dRSTi TikAe rahatA hai, anyatra nhiiN| (27) AkAza-AkAza jaise nirAlamba (AdhAra rahita) hotA hai, vaise hI sAdhu bhI grAmAdi ke Alambana se rahita anAsakta hotA hai / (28) pakSI-jaise pakSI svatantra hokara unmukta vihAra karatA hai, vaise sAdhu bhI svajanAdi yA niyata vAsAdi ke pratibandha se mukta hokara svatantra vicaratA hai| (26) pannaga (sarpa)-jaise sarpa svayaM ghara nahIM banAtA, cUhe Adi ke banAye hue biloM meM nivAsa karatA hai, vaise hI sAdhu svayaM makAna nahIM banAtA, gRhasthoM ke dvArA banAye hue makAnoM meM unakI AjJA prApta karake rahatA hai / (30) vAyu-jaise vAyu kI gati pratibandharahita avyAhata hai, isI prakAra sAdha bhI pratibandha rahita hokara svatantra vicaraNa karatA hai|| . (31) jIvagati -- matyu ke bAda paralokagamana meM jIva kI gati meM koI rukAvaTa nahIM hotI, usI prakAra sva-para-siddhAntajJa sAgha bhI niHzaMka hokara deza-videza meM dharma pracAra karatA huA vicaraNa karatA hai|' isa prakAra gurupada meM AcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAdha, tInoM ArAdhya dharmadeva sammilita haiN| vastutaH dharmadeva (AcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAdha.) kA pada bar3e mahatva kA hai / ye zuddha dharma kA AcaraNa karane vAle, suvihita aura suvrata hote haiM / tIrthaMkara deva to sabhI kAloM meM nahIM hote, paMcama kAla (vartamAna kAla) meM to hote hI nahIM, caturtha kAla meM bhI kabhI hote haiM aura kabhI nahIM hote; usa samaya dharma kI jyoti ko dharmadeva hI prajvalita rakhate haiM, ve hI janatA ko dharma kA upadeza dekara, tattvoM kA jJAna karAkara dharma kI ora unmukha karate haiM, unheM samyakadarzana-jJAna-cAritra kI ora unmukha karate haiM; jo dharma ko eka bAra grahaNa karake usase cyuta hone lagate haiM, unheM punaH sthira karate haiM, dRr3ha banAte haiN| isa prakAra dharmadeva zrAvakoM ke lie parama hitakArI hote haiM aura isIlie zrAvakoM ko AgamoM tathA granthoM meM zramaNopAsaka kahA gayA hai| 1 aupapAtika sUtra
Page #316
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 264 : jaina tatvakAlakA-dvitIya kalikA vastutaH dharmadeva ke tInoM padoM meM sAdhu pada AdhArabhUta hai| sAdhu se hI sAdhaka, upAdhyAya aura AcArya pada taka pahu~catA hai, yahA~ taka ki arihaMta siddha banatA hai| isIlie zAstroM meM sAdha ko 'dharmadeva' ke nAma se abhihita kiyA gayA hai| kyoMki ve saMsAra-samudra meM DUbate hue prANiyoM ke lie dvIpa ke samAna Azraya-sthala haiM aura jo usa samudra se pAra honA cAhate haiN| unake lie prakAza stambha haiN| inake mahatva ke kAraNa hI paMcaparameSThI meM inakI gaNanA kI gaI hai aura inheM zraddhAspada evaM pUjya sthAna diyA gayA hai|
Page #317
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ dharma svarUpa : jaina tatva kalikA tRtIya kalikA dharma ke vividha rUpa ( dazavidha dharma ) dharma kI vyAkhyA dharma kA phala dharma kI utpatti laukika aura lokottara dharmaM grAmadharma nagaradharma rASTradharma pASaNDadharma kuladharma gaNadharma saMghadharma
Page #318
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Page #319
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ dharma ke vividha svarUpa ( dasavidha dharma ) tIsarA ArAdhya tattva dharma hai / deva aura guru ko, deva evaM guru kI yogyatA prApta karAne vAlA tattva dharma hI hai / dharma kI hI pUrNa ArAdhanA se vItarAga, kevalI, arihanta, tIrthaMkara evaM siddha banate haiM tathA dharma kI hI sAdhanA se AcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAdhu banate haiM / isalie dharma kevala sAdhuoM ke lie hI nahIM, samasta prANiyoM, vizeSataH saba manuSyoM ke lie anivArya rUpa se ArAdhya hai, sAdhya hai, sarvatobhAvena upAdeya hai / dharma kA artha AcArya haribhadrasUri ne dharma kA artha isa prakAra kiyA hai - jo durgati meM par3ate hue AtmA ko dhAraNa karake rakhatA hai, nIce nahIM girane detA, Upara hI uThAe rakhatA hai, vaha dharma hai / ' upAdhyAya yazovijayajI ne isI se milatAjulatA dharma kA artha kiyA hai-- 'dharma use kahate haiM, jo bhavasAgara (saMsArasamudra ) meM DUbate hue jIva ko dhAraNa karake rakhatA hai, pakar3a letA hai, bacA letA hai / isake do phalitArtha ye hote haiM - ( 1 ) jisa vRtti pravRtti se jIva Upara uThe, nIce durgati meM na gire; aura ( 2 ) jisa vRtti pravRtti se prANI saMsArasAgara meM DUbane se bace tathA usakI mokSa prApti sambandhI yogyatA bar3he, vaha dharma hai / artha-sambandhI bhrama dhama ke isa Azaya se yA phalitArtha se anabhijJa kaI vyakti 'dhRJ dhAraNe' dhAtu ) ke dhAraNa artha ko lekara yaha mAnate haiM ki jisane jisa vastu ko dhAraNa kiyA hai vahI usakA 'dharma' hai; kintu yaha unakA nirA bhrama hai / aise bhrAnta logoM ke matAnusAra to 'adharma' nAma kI koI cIja hai hI nahIM / kyoMki unakI isa bhrAnta mAnyatA ke anusAra to dharma ke peTa meM sabhI pApI, adharmI logoM ke kAryoM kA bhI samAveza ho jAtA hai / - dazavaM 0 hAri. vRtti a. 1 - dharmaparIkSA (ka) durgatau prapatantamAtmAnaM dhArayatIti dharmaH / (kha) 'so dhammo jo jIvaM dhArei bhavaNNave nivaDamANaM / '
Page #320
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 2 | jaina tattvakalikA : tRtIya kalikA eka cora ne cauryakarma dhAraNa kara rakhA hai, vaha bhI unake vicArAnusAra dharma ho jaaegaa| isI prakAra eka zikAro ne pazuvadha dhAraNa kara rakhA hai; eka vyabhicArI puruSa yA vezyA ne vyabhicAra-durAcAra dhAraNa kara rakhA hai; eka kasAI ne pazuhatyAkarma dhAraNa kara rakhA hai, pUrvokta bhrAnta artha ke anusAra to ina sabake pApakRtyoM kA dhAraNa bhI dharma khlaaegaa| kintu yaha artha bhrAnta evaM viparIta hai| ataH lakSaNa ke anusAra dharma kA pUrvokta artha hI samIcIna hai| kevalIprajJapta dharma hI grAhya dharma kA artha samajhane ke bAda yaha jAnanA Avazyaka hai ki dharma zabda se kauna-sA dharma grAhya hai aura kyoM ? dharma ke sambandha meM bar3I bhArI gaDabaDI cala rahI hai| paMthoM aura sampradAyoM ke cakkara meM par3akara yaha * mahAn kalyANakArI evaM ArAdhya tattva apanA mahattva hI kho baiThA hai| vizva meM dharma ke nAma se aneka mata, paMtha, sampradAya cala rahe haiN| jo dharma zAnti aura sukha kA pradAtA thA, usako lekara bahata-se sampradAyoM aura matoM meM Ae dina saMgharSa, kalaha, kleza, vAdavivAda evaM siraphuTauvvala hoto hai| ina duSpravattiyoM ko dekhakara kaise kahA jA sakatA hai ki dharma sukha-zAnti kA dAtA yA samAja kA dhAraNa-poSaNa karane vAlA hai| vibhinna dharma saMpradAyoM ke pArasparika dvandvoM ko dekhakara dharma, upahAsa kI vastU bana gayA hai| isI kAraNa grAma, nagara, prAnta, rASTra, samAja yA saMgha meM unnati aura sukhazAnti vaddhi ke badale avanati, adhogati aura duHkha tathA azAnti meM vaddhi ho rahI hai| ise dekhakara kaI anabhijJa yA nAstika loga kaha baiThate haiM ki isase to acchA thA, ye dharma hI na rahate, inheM hI dezanikAlA de diyA jAtA to itanI azAnti aura saMgharSa to na hotaa| parantu aisA kahane vAle loga yaha bhUla jAte haiM ki ki vaSNava, zaiva, zAkta, vadika, vauddha, muslima, IsAI Adi vizeSaNa vAle dharma eka taraha se sampradAya haiM / inameM dharma ho sakatA hai, parantu vAstavika dharma ye nahIM hai / sampradAya Adi pAtra (bartana) ke samAna hai, aura dharma amRta tulya hai| amRta rakhane ke liye bartana Avazyaka to hai, parantu bartana ko hI amRta mAnanA bhUla hogii| isI prakAra sampradAya ko hI dharma mAnanA bhUla hogii| ____kalaha, dvandva yA saMgharSa, ina sampradAyoM ke kAraNa hI hote haiM, zuddha dharma ke kAraNa nahIM / zuddha dharma rUpa amRta ne to atItakAla meM lAkhoM mAnavoM ko tArA hai, vartamAna meM bhI tara rahe haiM aura bhaviSya meM bhI tareMge / zuddha dharma kA pAlana to samAja aura rASTra meM sukha zAntivarddhaka hai, AtmA kA kalyANa
Page #321
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ dharma ke vividha svarUpa | 3 karane vAlA hai| durgati meM girane se bacAne vAlA aura sadgati yA mokSagati meM pahu~cAne vAlA hai| vicAraNIya tathya yaha hai ki tathAkathita vibhinna dharmoM ke prarUpaka mahAnubhAvoM ne zuddha dharma ke nAma se bhI jo vidhAna kiye haiM, unameM paraspara matabheda haiN| isI kAraNa sAdhAraNa manuSya bhrama meM par3a jAtA hai ki kise dharma mAneM aura kise nahIM? eka dharma kahatA hai-yajJa meM hone vAlI pazubali ke rUpa meM hiMsA hiMsA nahIM hotI / dUsarA kahatA hai-yajJIya hiMsA bhI hiMsA hai / eka dharma kahatA hai-amuka rIti-rivAja, amuka rUr3hi dharma hai, isake viparIta dusarA dharma kahatA hai-amuka rIti-rivAja yA prathA kA pAlana hI dharma hai, bazarte ki usameM ahiMsA, saMyama aura tapa ho, jahA~ ahiMsA-satyAdi nahIM hai, tapa nahIM hai vahA~ amuka prathA dharma nahIM ho sktii| ataH hiMsApradhAna, asaMyama- (vyabhicAra, corI, asatya) pradhAna yA tapasyArahita kevala bhoga-vilAsa-parAyaNa dharma, dharma nahIM ho sktaa| ataH jisameM ahiMsA, saMyama aura tapa-tyAga kI pradhAnatA ho, jo Apta puruSoM dvArA kathita ho, vahI dharma-kevaliprajJapta dharma grAhya ho sakatA hai|' jisa dharma kA pravaktA anAptapuruSa hai, vaha dharma cAhe kitanA hI purAnA ho, cAhe usake anuyAyI lAkhoM-karor3oM hI kyoM na hoM, vaha dharma grAhya nahIM ho sktaa| kyoMki anAptapuruSoM dvArA kathita-upadiSTa dharma kI eka-do bAteM ThIka hoM, to bhI usameM kaI bAteM ahiMsAdi dharmAnukUla nahIM hoMgI / ataH anApta kA kathana prAmANika nahIM ho sktaa| Apta kA artha hai-sarvajJa tathA sAkSAta jJAtA-draSTA / aise Apta puruSa kevalI (kevalajJAnI-sarvajJa) evaM sAkSAt draSTA vItarAga-(rAgadvoSa rahita) puruSoM dvArA kathita dharma hI prAmANika evaM grAhya ho sakatA hai| chadmastha tathA apUrNa jJAna-darzana se yukta vyakti yatkicit ajJAna evaM rAgadvaSa Adi se Avata hone ke kAraNa anApta hotA hai, aura anApta-kathita dharma prAmANika nahIM ho sakatA / ___ jaba ajJAna aura moha kA pUrNatayA nAza ho jAtA hai, taba usa zuddha Atmajyoti ke samakSa koI bhI padArtha dujJeya yA ajJaya nahIM raha pAtA / jaba doSa yA ajJAna Adi AvaraNoM kA samUla kSaya ho jAtA hai, taba usake jJAna 1 'dhammo maMgalamukkiTTha, ahiMsA saMjamo tvo|' -dazavakAlika a01, gA01
Page #322
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 4 | jaina tattvakalikA : tRtIya kalikA darpaNa meM darpaNatala kI taraha samasta padArtha samUha jhalakane lagate haiN| usase dharmaadharma kA yathArtha yathAvasthita svarUpa kucha bhI chipA nahIM rhtaa| ve sAkSAt draSTA hote haiN| lokavyavahAra meM bhI sunI-sunAI bAta kahane vAle kI apekSA sAkSAt draSTA-pratyakSa anubhavI kI bAta para adhika vizvAsa kiyA jAtA hai| ataeva dharma bhI sAkSAt draSTA kevalajJAnI, rAgadvaSavijetA Apta puruSoM dvArA kathita hI vAstavika zraddhAspada hotA hai| isIlie 'kevalipaNNatto dhammo' vizeSaNa dharma ke lie diyA gayA hai| zuddha dharma kI kasauTI vItarAga sarvajJakathita dharma prAmANika hone para bhI kaI bAra loga sarvajJakathita dharma ke Azaya ko na samajhakara use viparIta rUpa meM grahaNa kara lete haiM, yadyapi viparIta rUpa se pakar3e hue zastra kI taraha viparota rUpa meM gRhIta vaha dharma unakA sarvanAza kara detA hai / tathApi ve use hI dharma kahate haiM aura usI kA zuddha dharma ke nAma se pracAra karate haiM / ataH prazna hotA hai kise zuddha dharma kaheM, kise nahIM ? zuddha dharma kI yathArtha kasauTI kyA hai ? . zuddha dharma kI eka kasauTI yaha hai ki jo apanI AtmA ke anukUla na ho, vaha adharma hai, tathA jo AtmA ke anukUla ho, vaha dharma hai| dUsarI kasauTI yaha hai ki jo anuSThAna yA kArya sarvajJoM ke aviruddha pravacana se pravartita ho, zAstrAnusArI ho aura maMtrI Adi cAra bhAvanAoM se saMyukta ho, vaha dharma kahalAtA hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki maitrI, pramoda, kAruNya aura mAdhyasthyaye cAra bhAvanAe~ jAgRta rakhakara koI bhI supravRtti karane se saMsAra ghaTegA, mokSaprApti kI yogyatA bar3hegI, rAgadvaSAdi vikAra atyalpa raha jaaeNge|' cAroM bhAvanAoM kA svarUpa vizva ke samasta prANiyoM ko mitra, sakhA, bandhu yA AtmIya mAnanA, 1 visaM tu pIyaM jaha kAlakUDa, haNAi satthaM jaha kuggahIyaM / eso vi dhammo visaovavanno haNAi veyAla ivAvivanno / / dhyayana a. 20, gA.44 2 (ka) jaha mama na piyaM dukkhaM, jANia emeva savvajIvANaM / (kha) 'AtmanaH pratikUlAni pareSAM na samAcaret / ' (ga) vacanAdyanuSThAnamaviruddhAd yathoditam / ___maityAdi bhAvasaMyukta taddharma iti kIrtyate // * dharmabindu prakaraNa. 1 33 catasro bhAvanAM dhanyAH purANapuruSAzritAH / maityAdayazciraMcitte dhyeyA dharmasya siddhaye // -jJAnArNava pa0 27, zlo0 4
Page #323
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ dharma ke vividha svarUpa | 5 unake prati droha. vaira, IrSyA Adi na rakhanA, samasta jIvoM kA hita yA kalyANa cAhanA, kisI kA burA na cAhanA, tathA vaira-virodha, kalaha-kleza ko zAnta karane kA namra prayatna karanA, maitrI bhAvanA hai / maitrI bhAvanA kA vikAsa hone para sAdhaka jaba jIvamAtra ke prati hiMsA, asatya Adi se virata ho jAtA hai taba vaha maitrI sakriya mAnI jAtI hai| samatvayoga, samatA, vizvavAtsalya, vizvaprema, vizvavandhutva, Atmasamarzitva Adi isI maitrI bhAvanA ke paryAyavAcI zabda haiN| ___ jo AtmAe~ pUNya prakarSa ke kAraNa kSamA, samatA, udAratA, dayA Adi aneka guNoM se yukta haiM / aharniza yathAzakti jJAna-darzana-cAritra-tapa kI ArAdhanA meM saMlagna haiM unheM dekhakara prasanna honA unakI prazaMsA karanA, unheM pratiSThA denA pramoda yA muditA bhAvanA hai / guNAnurAga, guNagrAhakatA, guNa bahumAna Adi isake paryAyavAcI hai| jisake hRdaya meM yaha bhAvanA prakaTa hotI hai vaha pratyeka vastu, zAstra evaM vyakti meM se guNa grahaNa kara letA hai / guNavAnoM se adhikatama guNa grahaNa karane se usameM bhI guNoM kA saMgraha hotA jAtA hai aura vaha svayaM bhI guNoM kA bhaNDAra bana jAtA hai| isa kAraNa usameM sahaja hI dharma kA praveza ho jAtA hai| jisameM pramoda bhAvanA nahIM, guNagrAhakatA nahIM, usameM IrSyA, dveSa, chidrAnveSaNa, chalaprapaMca Adi duguNoM ke kAraNa dharma kA kevala kalevara ho raha jAyagA, dharma kA prANa tattva usameM Tika nahIM skegaa| jo AtmAe~ pApakarma ke udaya se vividha prakAra ke kaSTa-duHkha bhoga rahe haiM, unheM dekhakara unakA daHkha dUra karane kI vatti kAruNya bhAva nA kahalAto hai / dayA, anukampA, dInAnugraha Adi usake paryAyavAcI zabda haiN| jisake hRdaya meM yaha bhAvanA prakaTa hotI hai usase kisI kA duHkha dekhA nahIM jaataa| phalasvarUpa usameM paraduHkha-nivAraNa kI vatti jAgata hotI hai| usake lie use cAhe jitanA tapa, tyAga, saMyama (icchAnirodha) karanA par3e, vaha prasannatApUrvaka karatA hai / jahA~ niHsvArtha niSkAma dayA yA karuNA hogI, vahA~ dharma to anAyAsa ho A jaaygaa| jo AtmAe~ adhama haiM, nirantara pApakarma meM rata rahate haiM, uddhata bana kara hitaiSiyoM ko hitazikSA ko ThakarAkara bekhaTake pApakarma karate haiM, dharma va dhArmikoM kI nindA, upahAsa karate haiM, hiMsA, corI, anAcAra, anyAya Adi niHzaMka hokara karate haiM, unake prati na to rAga rakhanA aura na dvaSa rakhanA-upekSA vatti dhAraNa karanA mAdhyasthya bhAvanA kahalAtI hai| udAsInatA, upekSA, madhyasthatA, taTasthatA, zAnti Adi isake samAnArthaka zabda hai /
Page #324
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 6 / jana tattvakalikA : tRtIya kalikA jinake hRdaya meM yaha bhAvanA utpanna hotI hai, ve duSTajanoM, pApiyoM yA datti vAle prANiyoM ke prati dvaSa, IrSyA, vyartha cintA se bacakara unake prati sadbhAvanA rakhate haiN| jo loga isa bhAvanA kA rahasya nahIM samajhate, ve adhama AtmAoM ko balAt sudhArane kI pravRtti karate haiM, usameM asaphalatA milane para kheda, yA viSAda kA anubhava karate haiM aura una adhama AtmAoM para roSa, yA dvaSa karate haiN| isase ve to sudharate nahIM, unakA to hRdaya parivartana nahIM hotA; una sudhArakoM kA apanA patana avazya ho jAtA hai| niSkarSa yaha hai ki pratyeka satkArya ke sAtha maitrI, pramoda, kAruNya aura mAdhyasthya bhAvarUpa caturaMgI dharma kA abhAva ho to vahA~ dvaSa, IrSyA, mAtsarya, saMgharSa, nIcA dikhAne yA girAne kI durbhAvanA, Arta-raudradhyAna, nirdayatA Adi hone se vaha saphala nahIM ho sakatA, na hI usa vyakti meM mokSa prApti yA rAga-dvaSavijaya kI yogyatA bar3hatI hai| dharmAcaraNa kA pradhAna sUtra 'AtmA se AtmA ko dekho' yaha dharmAcaraNa kA pradhAna sUtra hai| isa sUtra ke binA dharma zuddha rUpa meM jIvana meM Acarita nahIM ho paataa| svarga ke pralobhana yA naraka ke bhaya se dharmAcaraNa karane vAle loga dharma kA zuddha rUpa meM AcaraNa nahIM kara pAte / ve dharma se karmakSaya karane ke bajAya zubhakarma kA saMcaya kara lete haiM, athavA azubhakarmoM se baca jAte haiM kintu dharma unake svabhAva meM ramatA nahIM, dharma unake raga-raga meM praviSTa nahIM hotaa| agara unake samakSa naraka kA koI bhaya na ho athavA svarga sukhoM kA pralobhana niSphala pratIta hotA ho to ve zuddha dharma ko tilAMjali bhI desakate haiN| dharma vastutaH Antarika vastu hai, vaha apanI AtmA se dUsarI AtmA ko dekhane kI vRtti jAgRta hone para hI zuddha rUpa meM jIvana meM AtA hai| parantu dharma ke kSetra meM jaise-jaise aisI antamukhatA dUra hotI gaI aura bahirmukhatA bar3hatI gaI, vaise-vaise dhArmika ke vyaktitva ke do paraspara virodhI rUpa bana gaye / dharma kI upAsanA ke samaya kA eka rUpa aura dUsarA rUpa sAmAjika vyavahAra ke samaya kaa| eka vyakti upAsanA-dhArmika kriyA karate samaya samatA kI mUrti bana jAtA hai, kintu vyAvahArika kSetra meM-ghara meM, dukAna meM yA kAryAlaya meM vaha krodhI, svArthI, anyAyI, anaitika, aprAmANika aura krUra bana jAtA hai| 1 'appasamaM manijja chppikaae|'
Page #325
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ ....... "dharma ke vividha svarUpa | 7 isa doharI manovatti ne janamAnasa meM dhArmika hone kA jhaThA dambha bhara diyA, kintu dharma kA zuddha rUpa unake jIvana meM nahIM utara sakA / dhArmika kA mAnadaNDa bhI isase galata ho gayA / dharma, jo AtmA meM pratiSThita honA cAhie thA vaha nahIM ho sakA / vastutaH jo AtmA ko dekhatA hai, AtmA kI AvAja sunatA hai, aura AtmA ko vANI bolatA hai, vahI svataH sphurita cetanA se utsAha aura zraddhApUrvaka zuddha dharmAcaraNa kara pAtA hai| tathA apane samparka meM Ane vAle AtmAoM ke prati Atmavat vyavahAra bhI kara pAtA hai| yahI zuddha dharmAcaraNa kA pramukha sUtra hai / zuddha dharma kevala kriyAkANDa kI vastu nahIM, AcaraNa kI vastu hai, yaha bhI isa sUtra meM se pratiphalita hotA hai|' dharma ke do rUpa : maulika aura sarala suvidhAvAdI logoM ke jIvana meM dharmAcaraNa ke jhUThe santoSa ne dharma kA maulika rUpa bhulA diyA / dharma kA maulika rUpa hai-indriyoM aura mana para saMyama, samatA kA jIvana meM abhyAsa, bhaya-pralobhanAdi doSoM se rahita hokara ahiMsAdi kA vizuddha AcaraNa aura zarIra tathA zarIra se sambandhita vastuoM tathA vyaktiyoM ke prati vividha mahattvAkAMkSAoM kA nirodha aura Atmazaddhi karane ke lie jJAnapUrvaka bAhyabhyantara tapazcaraNa / ___ kintu puNyavAdI logoM ne evaM tathAkathita dharmapravaktAoM ne anuyAyiyoM ko saMkhyA vaddhi ke lobha meM Akara dharma ke maulika rUpa se haTakara use sarala rUpa de diyaa| bhagavAn ko bhakti, nAma-japa, kucha dhArmika kriyAe~, Adi meM unhoMne dharma ko sImita kara diyA / phalataH dharmAkAMkSI logoM ko pAralaukika jIvana ke abhyudaya ke lie AzvAsana milA, parantu vartamAna jIvana meM AcAra-zuddhi, vyavahAra-zuddhi tathA indriya-manasaMmaya ke lie kiye jAne vAle tIvra adhyavasAya aura puruSArtha kI apekSA nahIM samajhI gii| dharma ke isa sarala aura suvidhAvAdI rUpa kI dhAraNA ne tathAkathita dhArmikoM kI saMkhyA to bar3hA dI, lekina dharmacetanA kSINa kara dii| phalataH saMyama-pradhAna dharma kA Asana upAsanApradhAna dharma ne le liyA / dharma kI cetanA aura zakti kSINa ho gii| isIlie bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kriyAkANDoM yA korI upAsanA meM dharma kA mithyA AzvAsana mAnane vAloM ko cetAvanI ke svara meM kahA 1 dhammo suddhassa ciTThai -uttarAdhyayana a. 3, gA. 12
Page #326
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 8 | jaina tattvakalikA : tRtIya kalikA 'ANAe dhammo', 'ANAe mAmagaM dhamma'-'AjJA-pAlana meM dharma hai / AjJAnusAra calane meM merA dharma hai|' AjJA kA spaSTIkaraNa AcArya hemacandra ne isa prakAra kiyA haibhagavAn ! ApakI yaha traikAlika evaM heyopAdeya-viSayaka AjJA hai ki Asrava ko sarvathA heya samajho aura saMvara (mana-vacana kAyA evaM zvAsa ke saMvara) ko upAdeya / dharma kA phala : ihalaukika yA pAralaukika ? . mAnava ke hRdaya meM sahaja jijJAsA hotI hai ki dharma kA phala vartamAnakAla meM isa loka meM hI mila jAtA hai, yA marane ke bAda paraloka meM milatA hai ? bhagavAn mahAvIra se jaba yaha prazna pUchA gayA to unhoMne anekAnta zailI meM usakA uttara diyA-"dharma isa loka ke hita ke lie, sukha ke lie, niHzreyasa (kalyANa) ke lie, AtmA ko rAgadveSavijaya meM yA karmakSaya meM sakSama (samartha) banAne ke lie hai, tathA vaha paralokAnugAmI hone se paraloka ke utkarSa ke lie bhI hai|' vAstava meM dekhA jAe to dharma kA phala vartamAnakAla meM pratyakSa milatA hai| jisa kSaNa dharma kA AcaraNa kiyA jAtA hai, usI kSaNa maitryAdi bhAvanAoM se anuprANita hone ke kAraNa vyakti rAgadveSa-rahita, kaSAya-vijayI sukha-zAntimaya upazAnta hokara karmoM kA nirodha (saMvara) yA kSaya (nirjarA) kara letA hai / dharma kA anantara phala yahI hai| jisake karmoM kA nirodha yA kSaya hotA hai, usakA antaHkaraNa zuddha, indriyA~ acaMcala, vattiyA~ prazAnta evaM vyavahAra zuddha ho jAtA hai| usake mana meM dharma ke phala ke rUpa meM svarga prApti kA pralobhana yA naraka ke bhaya se nivatti kA bhAva jAgRta hI nahIM hotA hai| madhyakAlIna puNyavAdI yA pAralaukika phalavAdI dhArA ne dharma ke ihalaukika yA pratyakSa phala ke tathya ko lupta yA gauNa kara diyaa| kintu AcArya umAsvAti ne eka nayA cintana prastuta karake dharma 1 AkAlamiyamAjJA te, heyopaadeygocraa| AzravaH sarvathA heyaH, upAdeyazca saMvaraH / / -vItarAgastava 165 2 dhammassa (ihaloga) hiyAe suhAe khamAe nissesAe aNugAmiyattAe abbhuThettA bhvi| -apapAtika sUtra bha. 4
Page #327
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ dharma ke vividha svarUpa | C phala viSayaka zuddha AsthA kI jar3eM majabUta kara dIM - 'svarga ke sukha parokSa haiM, unake bAre meM tumheM vicikitsA ho sakatI hai; mokSa kA sukha to unase bhI parokSa hai, usake viSaya meM tumheM sandeha ho sakatA hai; kintu dharma se hone vAlA zAnti ( prathama ) kA sukha to pratyakSa hai, ise prApta karane meM tuma svatantra ho, yaha svAdhIna sukha hai aura ise prApta karane meM arthavyaya bhI nahIM karanA par3atA kintu samatA-saritA meM DubakI lagAne se prApta hotA hai / " bhagavadgItA meM bhI isI tathya kA samarthana kiyA gayA hai 'jinakA mana samatAdharma (sAmya) meM sthita ho gayA, samajha lo, unhoMne yahIM saMsAra ko jIta liyA / 2 dharma kI AvazyakatA vartamAna yuga meM pazcima ke bhogavAda, sAmyavAda aura nAstikavAda ke pracAra se prabhAvita bahuta se loga yaha prazna kiyA karate haiM ki dharma kI AvazyakatA hI kyA hai ? dharma ko na mAnA jAe to kyA hAni hai ? aise loga yaha tarka dete haiM ki jo kAma dharma karatA hai, vahI kArya rAjya kI daNDazakti se ho sakatA hai / sarakArI kAnUna banA diyA jAe ki hiMsA, asatya, corI, vyabhicAra, atisaMgraha, anaitikatA, aprAmANikatA, anyAya Adi koI bhI nahIM kare, karegA to use amuka-amuka prakAra kA daNDa diyA jAegA / kAnUna kI yA rAjya kI daNDazakti se kucha aparAdha baca bhI gaye to unakI rokathAma jAti, kula, saMgha Adi ke saMgaThanoM ke prabhAva se ho skegii| isa prakAra jina aparAdhoM kI rokathAma dharma kara sakatA hai, unhIM aparAdhoM kI rokathAma rAjya kI daNDa - zakti aura samAja kI prabhAva-zakti ke dvArA ho sakatA hai, phira dharma kI kyA AvazyakatA hai ? isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki manuSya kI pravRtti ke tIna nimitta haiM, arthAt tIna preraNAsrota haiM - (1) zakti, (2) prabhAva aura ( 3 ) sahajavRtti / dUsare zabdoM meM yoM kaha sakate haiM- daNDaprerita, bhaya evaM lobha prerita aura sahaja saMskAra prerita / jisa prakAra pazuoM ko DaNDe se hA~kA jAtA hai, usI prakAra tus - prerita vyakti rAjya kI daNDa-zakti se hA~ke jAte haiM / parantu daNDa zakti se vyakti ke svatantra manobhAvoM kA vikAsa nahIM ho pAtA / daNDa-zakti rAjyasaMsthA kA AdhAra hai, isakA sUtra hai sabako daNDa-zakti se ahiMsAdi kA pAlana karane ke lie bAdhya kara diyA jAyagA / 1 svarga sukhAni parokSANyatyantaparokSameva mokSasukham / pratyakSaM prazamasukhaM na paravazaM na ca vyayaprAptam // 237 // - prazamaratiprakaraNa 2 ihaiva taijitaH sargo yeSAM sAmye sthitaM manaH / - bhagavadgItA, a05, zlo016
Page #328
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 10 | jaina tattvakalikA : tRtIya kalikA isake pazcAt prabhAva kSamatA samAja saMsthA kA AdhAra hai / samAja meM rahakara manuSya bhaya aura pralobhana donoM prakAra ke prabhAva se hiMsA Adi pApakRtya karane se prAyaH rukatA hai / samAja kI prabhAva kSamatA manuSyoM ko bA~dhatI hai / parantu vaha bhI bhaya aura pralobhana para AdhArita mAnasika anubhUti kI sthUla dizA hai / isameM aura daNDa zakti meM sthAyitva nahIM hai aura na hI manuSya svatantra rUpa se vicAra aura vivekapUrvaka hRdaya kI sahaja vRtti se prerita hokara hiMsAdi aparAdhoM se rukatA hai yA ahiMsAdi kA pAlana karatA hai| ise vAstavika rUpa meM ahiMsAdi dharma kA pAlana bhI nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| agara ise ahiMsAdi kA pAlana kaheM to eka kasAI yA cora ko jaba taka jela meM banda kara rakhA hai, taba taka vaha jIvahiMsA yA corI nahIM karatA, to kyA isase use ahiMsAvatI yA acauryavratI kahA jA sakegA ? kadApi nahIM / sthAyI rUpa se rAjya sakatI, use dharma kara isIlie dharma kI AvazyakatA hai| jo kArya kI daNDa-zakti yA samAja kI prabhAva kSamatA nahIM kara sakatA hai / dharma manuSya ke hRdaya kI sahaja vRtti hai / eka pApI se pApI, hiMsaka yA cora Adi vyakti bhI jaba dharma ko svIkAra kara letA hai, hiMsA, corI Adi pApoM kA svecchA se tyAga (pratyAkhyAna) kara letA hai, taba vaha apane prANoM para khelakara bhI tyAga kiye hue hiMsA Adi pApoM ko jIvana meM kadApi nahIM apanAtA | dharma manuSya kA hRdaya parivartana karatA hai, vaha zakti ke dabAva aura bAharI prabhAva se rikta mAnasa meM Atmaupamya bhAva jagAtA hai / vyakti jaba antara kI sahaja sphuraNA se hiMsA Adi ko sarvathA tilAMjali de detA hai, vahI hRdaya parivartana hai, jise dharma ke sivAya koI nahIM kara sakatA / vizva ke itihAsa meM aise patitoM aura pApiyoM ke saikar3oM udAharaNa mileMge, jinhoMne dharma kA avalambana lekara apane jIvana ke ka~TIle - ka~karIle mArga ko badala diyA, ve sanmArga para Agae aura jagat ke itihAsa meM parama dhArmika ke rUpa meM amara ho ge| yahI kAraNa hai ki vizva ke pratyeka rASTra ke mAnava ko sthAyI rUpa se satpatha para calAne ke lie zuddha dharma kI AvazyakatA pratyeka kAla meM rahI hai, Aja bhI hai aura sadA rahegI / agara dharma mAnava jIvana meM nahIM hogA, to manuSya mAnavabhakSI, barbara, pApAkrAnta, hatyArA, vyabhicArI, cora Adi hokara pazuoM se gayA - bItA ho
Page #329
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ dharma ke vividha svarUpa | 11 jAegA / notikAroM ne to kaha hI diyA hai ki manuSya aura pazu kI AkRti aura aMgopAMgo meM bhinnatA hone para bhI, AhAra, nidrA, bhaya aura maithuna Adi saMjJAoM meM pazuoM ke samAna haiM, isalie manuSya meM agara dharma na ho to pazu aura manuSya meM koI antara nahIM hai| donoM ke hRdaya' dharmavihIna hone se eka-se haiN| balki hiMsA Adi kaI pApoM se dharmavihIna manuSya pazuoM se bhI nikRSTa bana jAtA hai| dharmavihIna manuSya dAnavoM ke samAna kra rahRdaya ho jAtA hai, usake mana meM hiMsA Adi pApoM kA AcaraNa karate samaya koI saMkoca, vicAra yA viveka nahIM hotaa| niSkarSa yaha hai ki vizva ke mAnavoM meM nihita pAzavika tathA dAnavIya vatti ko tathA usake kAraNa unake mana meM uThane vAle hiMsAdi pApa bhAvoM ko rokane aura ahiMsA Adi kI vRtti sthAyI rUpa se jagAne kA kArya dharma karatA hai| dharma kA dAyarA kartavya se atyadhika vizAla hai| kartavya ke dAyare meM to manuSya utanA hI karatA hai, jitanA dUsare ne usake lie kiyA hai athavA sAmAjika evaM rAjanItika vidhi-vidhAnoM ke anusAra usake lie uttaradAyitva nizcita kiye gaye haiM; kintu dharma ke dAyare meM manuSya kartavya se bhI Upara uThakara ajJAta, aparicita evaM apakArI ke prati bhI ahiMsA, maMtrI, sevA, dayA, kSamA Adi dharma-bhAvoM kA sakriya AcaraNa karatA hai| dharma meM kisI prakAra kA svArtha, saudebAjI, kAmanA, yaza-kIrti kI bhAvanA, pralobhana yA bhaya kI preraNA nahIM hotii| zuddha dharma kA AcaraNa niHsvArtha, niSkAma, nirnidAna, daNDAdi zaktiyoM se aprerita sahaja-sphurita hotA hai / isase bhI Age bar3hakara dharma mAnava ko AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI preraNA detA hai / dharma ke dvArA manuSya samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakacAritra kI parAkASThA para pahu~ca kara apane antima lakSya-mokSa ko prApta kara sakatA hai| yaha kArya rAjya kI daNDa-zakti yA samAja kI prabhAvakSamatA kA kataI nahIM hai| - ina saba mahattvapUrNa kAraNoM se dharma kI vizva ko nitAnta AvazyakatA hai| dharma : mAnava-jIvana kA prANa yaha nirvivAda satya hai ki jo manuSya dharma kA yathAvidhi ArAdhana evaM AcaraNa karate haiM, ve susaMskArI (aura sabhya banakara - 1 AhAra-nidrA-bhaya-maithunaM ca, sAmAnyametat pazubhirnarANAm / dharmo hi teSAmadhiko vizeSo, dharmeNa hInA pazubhiH samAnAH // -hitopadeza
Page #330
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 12 | jaina tattvakalikA : tRtIya kalikA zanaiH-zanaiH AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI parAkASThA para pahu~ca sakate haiM, svecchA se ve apane kartavya kA pAlana karate haiM. samaya Ane para ve dUsaroM ke jIvana kI rakSA ke lie apane prANoM kA balidAna bhI kara sakate haiM, sevA, dayA, kSamA, maitrI Adi kA sakriya AcaraNa karake apanI Atma-zakti kA parama vikAsa kara sakate haiM / uttarottara unnata bhUmikAoM (guNasthAna zra eNiyoM) kA sparza karake ve kevalajJAna, vItarAgatA, kSINamohatA evaM samasta karmakSaya kSamatA prApta karake mokSa - mahAlaya meM bhI praviSTa ho sakate haiM / ataH jo manuSya Adarza, uttama aura acchA jIvana jInA cAhate haiM, dharmArAdhana ke binA ve eka kadama bhI nahIM cala sakate / pada-pada para evaM zvAsa- zvAsa meM unheM dharma ko AvazyakatA rhegii| yahI kAraNa hai ki jaise bhUtakAla meM dharma kI ArAdhanA karake lAkhoM-karor3oM prANI saMsAra se tara cuke vaise vartamAna meM bhI karor3oM mAnava saMsAra-sAgara se pAra hone ke lie kisI na kisI rUpa meM dharmArAdhanA kara rahe haiM / -- agara dharma kI AvazyakatA na hotI to prAgaitihAsika kAla se - bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke yuga se dharma kA pravattana hI kyoM hotA ? ataH yaha nirvivAda kahA jA sakatA hai ki kula, jAti, gaNa, grAma, nagara, rASTra, prAnta, samAja Adi kI suvyavasthA, surakSA, sukha-zAnti Adi ke lie pratyeka yuga dharma kI AvazyakatA rahI hai aura rahegI / agara vyakti, kula, gaNa, jAti, rASTra, samAja Adi ke jIvana se dharma vidA ho jAe to eka dina bhI unakI vyavasthA nahIM cala sakatI / isIlie vedoM meM kahA gayA hai-. dharmo vizvasya jagataH pratiSThA dharma samagra vizva kA AdhAra hai, pratiSThAna hai / dharma ke binA korI rAjyazakti se yA samAja - prabhAvakSamatA se vizva kA tantra eka dina bhI calanA kaThina hai / eka AcArya ne to yahA~ taka kaha diyA hai ki puSpa meM sugandha na ho, mizrI meM miThAsa na ho, agni meM uSNatA na ho, ghRta meM snigdhatA na ho to unakA kyA svarUpa baca rahegA? kucha bhI to nahIM; uparyukta sabhI padArtha niHsAra, niHsattva kahalAe~ge / ThIka yahI dazA dharma - rahita mAnava kI hai / dharma ke binA mAnava jIvana prANarahita zaba jaisA hai / dharma kI upayogitA yaha eka anubhavasiddha tathya hai ki isa jagat meM sabhI prANiyoM kI pravRtti sukha ke lie hotI hai, parantu sukha - prApti ke lie aharniza itanI daur3a-dhUpa karane para bhI saMsAra ke sabhI prANI duHkhI kyoM haiM ? *
Page #331
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ dharma ke vividha svarUpa 13 jinheM paiTa bharane ke lie anna aura tana DhA~kane ke lie vastra nahIM milatA, unakI bAta jAne dIjie, jo dhanADhaya haiM, sAdhanasampanna haiM, ve bhI kisI na kisI abhAva se---duHkha se pIr3ita haiN| nidhana dhana ke lie chaTapaTAte haiM aura dhanavAnoM ko dhana kI tRSNA caina nahIM lene detii| niHsantAna santAna ke lie rote haiM aura santAna vAle bharaNa-poSaNa ke lie yA kusantAna hone se cintita haiN| kisI kA putra mara jAtA hai yA kisI kI putrI vidhavA ho jAtI hai to vaha duHkhI hai| koI patnI ke binA duHkhI hai to koI kUbhAryA milane ke kAraNa duHkhI hai| isa prakAra sArA saMsAra kisI na kisI duHkha se duHkhI hai aura apanI-apanI buddhi tathA ruci-pravRtti ke anusAra duHkhanivAraNa ke lie prayatna karatA hai, phira bhI duHkhoM se chuTakArA nahIM hotaa| adhikAMza manuSyoM kA jIvana sukha kI cAha ko pUrA karane meM vyatIta ho jAtA hai, phira bhI unakI sukha kI cAha pUrNa nahIM hotI, isakA kyA kAraNa hai ? ___ bhAratIya saMskRti evaM dharma ke unnAyakoM ne isakA samAdhAna isa prakAra kiyA hai--sukha ke tIna sAdhana mAne jAte haiM.-1. dharma, 2 artha aura 3. kAma / inameM se dharma hI sukha kA mukhya aura utkRSTa sAdhana hai, bAkI ke donoM sAdhana gauNa haiM; kyoMki sarvaprathama to zuddha dharmAcaraNa ke binA artha aura kAma kI prApti hI kaThina hai / kadAcit inakI prApti ho bhI jAya to bhI adharma-anItipUrNa sAdhanoM se upArjita artha aura kAma sukha ke bajAya duHkhoM ke hI kAraNa banate haiN| udAharaNArtha-corI se dhana kamAne vAloM aura parastrIgAmiyoM ko dekha lIjie; ina kAmoM meM ve sakhecchA se pravRtta hote haiM; parantu usa dhana aura kAma-bhoga se unheM kitanA sukha milatA hai, yaha unakI antarAtmA hI jAnatI hai / santoSa ke binA tRSNA kI jvAlA meM jalate hue manuSyoM ko sukha kA leza bhI nahIM milatA hai| __ isI prakAra kAma-bhoga kI lAlasA meM par3akara kAma-bhoga ke sAdhana-- zarIra, indriyA~ Adi ko jarjara kara dene vAle kyA kabhI sukhI ho sakate haiM ? phira artha aura kAma, ye donoM sadA Thaharane vAle nahIM haiM, nazvara haiM, taba ve una manuSyoM ko sthAyI aura svAdhIna sukha kaise de sakate haiM ? parantu Aja logoM kI yaha bhramapUrNa mAnyatA bana gaI hai ki adhikAdhika sampatti aura bhogopabhoga ke vividha sAdhanoM se sampanna hone para manuSya sukhI hotA hai, use loga Adara dete haiM. samAja meM usakI pratiSThA hotI hai| phira unakI dekhA-dekhI kyA mUkha aura vidvAn, kyA grAmINa aura kyA zaharI sabhI artha aura kAma ke lie bharasaka puruSArtha karate haiN|
Page #332
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 14 | jaina tattvakalikA : tRtIya kalikA ___niHsvArtha-niSkAma zuddha dharma meM prathama to prAyaH loga puruSArtha karanA hI choDa baiThe haiN| agara koI 'dharma' ke viSaya meM tathAkathita puruSArtha karatA bhI hai to usake antarhRdaya meM artha-kAma prApti kI lAlasA aMgar3AI letI hI rahatI hai| aisI sthiti meM ve artha kAma-parAyaNa manuSya duHkhI na hoM to kyoM na hoN| balki aise logoM kI prabala amaryAdita artha-lAlasA aura kAma-lAlasA kevala unheM hI duHkho nahIM karatI, parantu unake pUre parivAra, jAti, grAma, nagara, rASTra aura samAja ko duHkhI aura azAnta banA detI hai| kyoMki anaitika tarIkoM se, ucita-anucita kA vicAra kiye binA jo dhana kamAtA hai, athavA corI yA chala se dhanopArjana karatA hai, vaha dUsaroM ke kaSTa kA kAraNa avazya hotA hai| phira dUsare catura loga bhI usI kA anusaraNa karake usI rIti se yena-kena-prakAreNa dhana kamA kara dhanavAna banane kI ceSTA karate haiN| isa prakAra paramparA se eka-dUsaroM ko kaSTa pahu~cA karake sAre hI samAja ko duHkhI kara DAlate haiM / yahI bAta ucchaMkhala kAma-bhoga ke sambandha meM hai| . .. niSkarSa yaha hai ki dharma ke aMkuza ke binA niraMkuza artha-kAma-sevana se manuSya sukhI hone kI apekSA duHkhI hI hote haiM / ataH yaha siddha huA ki sukha ke sAtha dharma kA hI ghaniSTha sambandha hai| cANakya nItisUtra ke anusAra 'sukha kA mla dharma' hai|' sukha kA kAraNa-icchAoM kA nirodha vastuniSTha yA vyaktiniSTha sukha vAstava meM sukha hai hI nahIM, vaha to ulaTe duHkha kA kAraNa banatA hai, usakA pariNAma duHkhaprada hotA hai| isake atirikta eka hI padArtha yA vyakti, kisI ke lie aura kabhI sukha kA sAdhana hotA hai, to kisI ke lie aura kabhI duHkha kA sAdhana bhI ho jAtA hai| jaise-jo bhojana sukhakAraka pratIta hotA thA, vahI ajIrNa meM yA roga-zoka ke samaya duHkhakAraka bana jAtA hai / usI meM yadi viSa milA ho to mRtyu kA kAraNa bhI ho jAtA hai| putra jaba taka mAtA-pitA kA AjJAkArI rahatA hai, taba taka sukha kA sAdhana hotA hai, aura jaba vahI uddaNDa ho jAtA hai to duHkha kA kAraNa bana jAtA hai| ataH yaha spaSTa hai ki koI bhI bAhya padArtha yA vyakti eka ke lie 1 'sukhasya mUlaM dharmaH' -cANakyanItisUtra sU. 2
Page #333
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ dharma ke vividha svarUpa | 15 aura ekadA sukha kA kAraNa banatA hai, vahI dUsare ke lie yA dUsare samaya meM duHkha kA kAraNa bana jAtA hai / aura phira koI bhI vastu yA vyakti apane Apa meM na sukha kA kAraNa hai, na svayaM sukha rUpa hai, na hI sadA sukha de sakatA hai| ajJAnavaza hI mAnava bAhya padArtha yA vyakti ko sakha rUpa mAnatA hai| isI prakAra zarIra meM utpanna hone vAle bhUkha, pyAsa, kAmasevana Adi vikAroM kI kSaNika zAnti ke upAyoM ko bhI manuSya bhramavaza sukha sAdhana mAna letA hai, kintu vAstava meM ye sukha ke sAdhana nahIM haiM / icchAoM kI pUrti hone para sukha mAnane vAle bhI bhrama meM haiN| icchAoM kI pUrti meM kadApi sukha nahIM hai, jo isa satya ko nahIM samajhate, ve icchA ko na roka kara (saMyama na karake) icchA ke anukula padArtha prApta karake sUkhI hone kA prayatna karate haiM, kintu eka icchA ke pUrNa hote. na hote, dUsarI icchA pAnI kI lahara kI taraha A dhamakatI hai, dUsarI pUrNa nahIM hotI, taba taka tIsarI icchA utpanna ho jAtI hai| isa taraha icchAoM kA pravAha bahatA hI rahatA hai| kisI kI samasta icchAeM pUrNa honI sambhava nahIM haiM / punaH-punaH icchA kA utpanna honA aura usakI pUrti na honA duHkha kA kAraNa hai / ataH icchAoM kA nirodha (tapazcaraNa rUpa dharma) karanA hI sukha kA saccA upAya hai / svacchandatA-niraMkuzatA yA ucchakhalatA ko rokane se hI saccA sukha prApta hotA hai|' saccA sukha AtmasvAdhInatA indriya-viSayoM ke upabhoga dvArA jo sukha prApta hotA hai, vaha parAdhona aura kSaNika hai| bhUkha lagane para rucikara padArtha milane se sukha pratIta hotA hai, lekina rucikara padArtha milanA kisI ke vaza kI bAta nahIM, na milA to duHkha huA, mila gayA kintu acAnaka zokajanaka patra milane se usakA upabhoga na kara sakane ke kAraNa duHkha hotA hai| phira eka bAra bharapeTa bhojana kara lene para phira dUsarI bAra bhUkha satAtI hai, aura manuSya bhojana ke lie vikala hotA hai / ataH isa prakAra se prApta hone vAlA sukha vAstava meM sukha hI nahIM hai, kintu duHkha hI hai / saccA sukha vaha hai, jo svAdhIna ho, tathA jise eka bAra prApta kara lene para phira duHkha kA bhaya na rhe| aisA svAdhIna 1 (ka) icchAnirodhastapaH / (kha) chandaniroheNa uvei mokkhaM / 2 sarvamAtmavazaM sukham / / -uttarA. a.5 gA.8
Page #334
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 16 | jaina tattvakalikA : tRtIya kalikA aura sthAyI sukha kA sAdhana na to artha hai, na kAma hai, na indriya viSaya haiM, aura na hI icchAnukUla padArtha yA vyakti haiM, kintu dharma hI svAdhIna aura sthAyI sukha kA sAdhana hai, jo pUrvokta sukhAbhAsoM tathA duHkhoM se chur3Akara sukha hI nahIM, uttama sukha prApta karA sakatA hai / AcArya samantabhadra kA dharma kI upayogitA ke sandarbha meM isI ora saMketa hai dezayAmi samIcInaM dharma karma nivarhaNaM / saMsAra-duHkhataH satvAn yo dharati uttame sukhe / / ' - maiM karmabandhana kA nAza karane vAle usa samIcIna dharma kA pratipAdana karatA hU~, jo prANiyoM ko saMsAra ke duHkhoM se chur3Akara uttama sukha meM dharatA; prApta karAtA hai / isameM se tIna niSkarSa nikalate haiM (1) saMsAra ( sAMsArika padArtha yA vyakti) apane Apa meM duHkha rUpa hai / (2) una duHkhoM kA kAraNa prANiyoM ke apane-apane karma haiM / (3) dharma una karmoM ke kSaya kA upAya hai, svecchA se tapa, tyAga, saMyama dvArA Atmadamana rUpa dharma, sukha rUpa hai / " dharma una duHkhoM evaM sukhAbhAsoM se chur3Akara prANI ko uttama (svAdhIna evaM sthAyI) sukha prApta karAtA hai / dharma kI upayogitA isI svAdhIna evaM sthAyI sukha ko prApta karAne hai, jo artha - kAma Adi kisI bhI anya upAya se prApta nahIM ho sakatA / dharma se hI manuSya kI sacce svAdhIna sukha kI icchA kI pUrti ho sakatI hai / vivekadRSTi se socA jAe to 'saMsAra ke samasta padArtha, jinase manuSya sukha kI AzA rakhatA hai, adhruva haiM, azAzvata ( nAzavAn ) haiM / pratyeka padArtha, jisameM manuSya sukha kI kalpanA karatA hai, parivartanazIla hai / isalie isa duHkha pracura saMsAra meM yA sAMsArika padArthoM meM sukha to rAI bhara hai magara duHkha parvata ke barAbara hai / phira vaha rAI bhara sukha bhI saccA sukha nahIM haisukha kA vikAra hai - sukhAbhAsa hai / aisI sthiti meM manuSya ko socanA cAhie ki vaha kauna-sA kArya hai jisase maiM durgati - duHkha se baca sakU~ / 1 ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra, zloka 2 2 appA daMto suhI hoi assi loe parattha ya / 3 adhuve asAsayammi saMsArammi dukkhapaurAe / kiM nAma hojja taM kammayaM jeNAha duggai na gacche || - uttarA0 a01, gA. 15 - uttarA0 a. 811
Page #335
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ dharma ke vividha svarUpa | 17 yaha to nizcita hai hI ki svAdhIna aura saccA sukha dharma se hI prApta hotA hai / aise sacce sukha ke bhAgI, dharma ko jIvana meM otaprota kara dene vAle pUrNa dharmiSTha vItarAgI muni hI ho sakate haiM, athavA vItarAga mArga para calane vAle dharmiSTha sAdhu zrAvakavarga ho sakate haiM / eka prAcIna AcArya ne kahA hai- 'ratnoM ke vimAna meM nivAsa karane vAle, devAMganAoM ke sAtha vilAsa karane vAle, kaI sAgaropama kI Ayu ke dhAraka devatA bhI sukhI nahIM hai| chaha khaNDa pRthvI para rAjya karane vAle, hajAroM rAniyoM ke sAtha viSaya-vilAsa karane vAle aura devoM dvArA sevita cakravartI rAjA bhI sukhI nahIM hai aura na hI dhanADhya seTha yA senApati hI sukha haiM / tAtparya yaha hai ki isa saMsAra ke utkRSTa se utkRSTa vaibhava sampadA ke dhanI vyakti bhI sukha ke pAtra nahIM haiN| agara sacce mAne meM koI sukhI hai, to dharmadhurandhara vItarAgI sAdhu hI sukhI haiM / " dharma kI utpatti yaha sahaja jijJAsA ho sakatI hai ki dharma kI utpatti kA kyA kAraNa hai ? mAnava jAti ke samakSa aisI kauna-sI samasyAe~ yA kaThinAiyAM AyIM, jinheM hala karane ke lie usake hRdaya meM dharma kI prabala bhAvanAe~ jAgRta huI ? Adima yuga ke prathama tIrthaMkara bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke samaya kA adhyayana karane se yaha tathya spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki akarmabhUmi se karmabhUmi meM jaba se mAnava jAti ne praveza kiyA, taba se sArI paristhitiyA~ badala gaI thIM, rAjya vyavasthA, samAja vyavasthA evaM saMgha vyavasthA meM sarvatra vividha kSetroM pratyeka pravRtti ke sAtha yugAdi tIrthaMkara bhagavAna RSabhadeva ne dharma kA praveza karAyA / isI zubha udda ezya se dharma kA zrIgaNeza huA / isI paramparA ke anusAra Age ke tIrthaMkaroM ne bhI pratyeka pravRtti ke sAtha 'dharma' pAlana kI preraNA dii| zAstra meM yatra tatra 'dhammo kahio' ( dharma kA pratipAdana kiyA) vAkya isI uddezya kA sUcaka hai / hyUma, kAMTa, hegala, jena oNsTina, DIvI Adi pAzcAtya dArzanikoM ne dharma kI utpatti kA AdhAra mAnava-jIvana meM Ane vAle bhaya, AzA, pralobhana, naitikatA (Morality) athavA mAnava kI asahAya avasthA Adi batAyA 1 navi suhI devatA devaloe, na vi suhI puDhavIpai rAyA / nava suhI seTThi seNAvai ya, egaMtasuhI muNI vIyarAgI //
Page #336
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 18 | jaina tattvakalikA : tRtIya kalikA haiM / bhAratIya paramparA meM dharma kI utpatti kA mukhya kAraNa janma-maraNAdi kI duHkha paramparA se mukti kI abhilASA hai / dharma kI zakti dharma kI zakti acintya hai, aparimita hai / dharma sAdhAraNa se sAdhAraNa vyakti ko mahApuruSa banA sakatA hai aura hatyAre, cora, DAkU, vyabhicArI aura vezyAgAmI pApI ko saMta-mahAtmA ke pada para AsIna kara sakatA hai / amarakoza ke prasiddha TIkAkAra bhAnujI dIkSita kahate haiM - dharati vizvafafa dharmaH ' jo vizva ko dhAraNa karatA hai, vaha dharma hai / vizva kA dhAraNa, poSaNa aura rakSaNa karane tathA samAja ko sukhamaya banAne evaM prANiyoM ko janma-maraNAdi kI duHkha - paramparA se mukta karAne kI zakti agara kisI meM hai to dharma meM hI hai / ' dIpaka jaise andhakAra-samUha kA nAza kara detA hai, amRtabindu viSa ko niSprabhAvI kara detA hai, vaise hI dharma amaMgala aura pApa ke puraMja kA nAza kara detA hai / isIlie mahApuruSoM ne dharma kI muktakaNTha se prazaMsA karate hue kahA hai- dharma sarvotkRSTa maMgala hai - pApanAzaka hai / dharma hI samasta maMgaloM kA mUla hai / vahI sarva maMgaloM kA maMgala hai aura sarvakalyANa kAraka hai / isI prakAra zuddha Atmatattva rUpa uttama siddha pada aura uttama arihanta vItarAgapada kI prApti ke lie eka mAtra sAdhana ahiMsA - satyAdi athavA kSamA, samatA, vItarAgatA Adi uttama dharma hai / dharma ke dvArA hI arihanta, siddha aura sAdhu padoM ko uttamatva prApta hai / dharma kI zakti do prakAra se prakaTa hotI hai- eka to vaha Apadagrasta vyaktiyoM kA rakSaNa karatA hai, zaraNa detA hai / dUsare, vaha sukha kI prApti karAtA hai| eka AcArya ne dharma kI isa dvividha zakti para sundara prakAza DAlA hai-- saikar3oM kaSToM meM pha~se hue kleza aura roga se pIr3ita, maraNabhaya se hatAza, duHkha aura zoka se pIr3ita vyathita, tathA jagat meM aneka prakAra se vyAkula 1 jarA-maraNa vegeNaM vajjhamANANa pANiNaM / dhamma dIvo paTThA gaI saraNamuttamaM / 2 (ka) dhammomaMgalamukkiTThe / (kha) 'sarvamaMgalamAMgalyaM sarvakalyANakaraNam / ' - uttarAdhyayana a. 23 gA. 68 -- dazavaikAlika a. 1 gA. 1
Page #337
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ dharmaM ke vividha svarUpa | 16 evaM nirAzrita evaM asahAyajanoM ke lie eka mAtra dharma hI nitya zaraNabhUta hai / ' saMsAra ke jitane bhI padArthaM evaM vyakti haiM, ve manuSya ko zaraNa nahIM de sakate / na dhana, na parijana, na rAjya, na aizvarya, na sukhabhoga ke sAdhana, na sainya, na mitra, na zarIra aura na hI apanI buddhi, yahAM taka ki koI bhI kucha bhI zaraNa nahIM de sakate / saMsAra duHkha kI jvAlAoM se cAroM ora dhAMya dhAMya karake jala rahA hai / kahIM bhI sukha-zAnti nahIM / jhauMpar3I vAle apane duHkhoM se vyAkula haiM aura mahala vAle apanI kaThinAiyoM - parezAniyoM se cintita - vyathita haiM / daridra apanI sImA meM duHkhI haiM to dhanAdhoza apanI sImA meM duHkhI haiN| sabhI manuSya asahAya, nirupAya aura nirAzrita haiM / kisakI zaraNa meM jAe~ ? mAnava ke dekhate hI dekhate mRtyu dhara dabocatI hai, bur3hApA A gheratA hai, usa samaya vivaza jIvAtmA ko kauna zaraNa detA hai ? kauna bacAtA hai ? eka mAtra dharma hI jIvoM ko zAzvata zaraNa de sakatA hai, rakSaNa kara sakatA hai / . nItikAra bhI spaSTa kahate haiM - mRtyu ke samaya dhana tijorI meM banda par3A raha jAtA hai, pazudhana bAr3e meM banda khar3A rahatA hai, nArI ghara ke daravAje taka aura mitrajana zmazAna taka Ate haiM / koI bhI usa samaya jIva ko zaraNa nahIM de sakatA / kevala dharma hI usa samaya zaraNa detA hai / dharma kI zaraNa meM Ane para hI manuSya ko sukha-zAMti milatI haiN| mohamAyA meM vyAkula AtmA kA uddhAra aura kalyANa dharma kI zaraNa meM Ane para hI ho sakatA hai / 1 isa para se dharma kI acintya zakti kA anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai / dharma kI apAra zakti ke paricAyaka jainazAstroM aura granthoM meM saikar3oM udAharaNa milate haiM / dharma kI mahimA dharma kI mahimA ke sambandha meM kyA kahA jAe ? jo vyakti dharma pAlana karate haiM, jovana ke pratyeka kSetra meM dharma kA zuddha antaHkaraNa se AcaraNa karate haiM, ve jAnate haiM ki dharma kI kitanI mahimA aura garimA hai| manuSya vyoM 1 kha uttarAdhyayana sUtra a. 20, gAthA 22 se 31 taka vyasanazatagatAnAM klezarogAturANAM, maraNabhayahatAnAM duHkhazokArditAnAm / jagati bahuvidhAnAM vyAkulAnAM janAnAm zaraNamazaraNAnAM nityameko hi dharmaH //
Page #338
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 20 | jaina tattvakalikA : tRtIya kalikA ho dharma kA zuddha mana se Azraya letA hai, tyoM hI usake mana meM apUrva zAnti, prasannatA, ullAsa, utsAha aura Atmabala kA srota phUTa par3atA hai| yahA~ to dharma kA pratyakSa phala use milatA hI hai / paraloka meM bhI use sukha, samRddhi, uttama gati, kula Adi prApta hotA hai / dharma kI mahimA kA varNana karate hue dazavakAlika sUtra meM AcArya zayyaMbhava kahate haiM devAvi taM namasaMti jassa dhamme sayA mnno|' jisakA mana sadaiva dharma meM rata rahatA hai, usake caraNoM meM devatA, cakravartI, zAsaka, zroSThI Adi saba namaskAra karate haiM / digdiganta meM usakI yaza-kIrti aura pratiSThA gUMja uThatI hai| dharma kI mahimA ke sambandha meM eka AcArya kahate haiM-'dharma kI ucita rUpa meM ArAdhanA se uccakula meM janma hotA hai, svastha-nIroga zarIra aura pA~coM indriyoM kI pUrNatA kI prApti hotI hai| dharma se hI saubhAgya, dIrghAyuSya, bala, nirmala yaza, vidyA aura artha-sampatti prApta hotI hai| dharma kA ArAdhana ghora jaMgala meM mahAn bhaya upasthita hone para bhI usake ArAdhaka kA rakSaNa karatA hai| vastutaH aise dharma kI samyaka prakAra se upAsanA karane para vaha svarga aura apavarga (mokSa) sukha-pradAyaka banatA hai / 2 / zuddha dharma prApti kI durlabhatA ke kAraNa . . pUrvokta vizeSatAoM se yukta tathA ArAdhya koTi kA dharma-zuddha dharma prApta karanA tathA usakI sAdhanA-ArAdhanA karanA bahuta hI durlabha hai| usakI dUrlabhatA ke kucha mukhya kAraNa' AcAryoM ne batAe haiM, una para dhyAna denA Avazyaka hai(1) manuSya-janma dharma kI utkRSTa ArAdhanA, sarvocca sAdhanA manuSyagati evaM mAnavabhava 1 (ka) dazavakAlika a.1 gA.1 (kha) 'dharmo rakSati rakSitaH' 2 dharmAjjanma kule zarIrapaTutA saubhAgyamAyurbalam, dharmeNaiva bhavanti nirmalayazo vidyA'rthasampattayaH / kAntArAcca mahAbhayAcca satataM dharmaH paritrAyate, dharmaH samyagupAsito bhavati hi svargApavargapradaH / / 3 labhaMti viule bhoe, labhaMti surasaMpayA / labhaMti putta mittaM ca ego dhammo sudullaho / 4 uttarAdhyayana a.3, gA.1 se 21 taka
Page #339
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ dharma ke vividha svarUpa | 21 meM hI ho sakatI hai| dharma kI sarvocca ArAdhanA kA adhikArI deva to ho nahIM sakatA, na hI nAraka ho sakatA hai, ina donoM bhavoM meM adhika se adhika to samyagdarzana ho sakatA hai, vratAcaraNa nhiiN| tiyaJcapaMcendriya ke bhava meM jIva samyagdarzana evaM dezavirati zrAvakavrata kA AcaraNa kara sakatA hai| manuSya cAhe to vaha samyagdarzana aura dezavirati zrAvaka vratAcaraNa kI bhUmikA se bhI Age bar3hakara sarvavirati sAdhutva kA aMgIkAra kara sakatA hai| parantu manuSyajanma milanA bhI AsAna nahIM hai| ekendriya, dvIndriya, trIndriya, caturindraya evaM tiyaJcapaMcendriya ko yoni evaM bhava ko pAra karane para pracurapuNya rAzi saMcita hone para hI manuSya janma milatA hai| isIlie Atmika utthAna kI dRSTi se manuSya-paryAya ko cintAmaNi ratna se upamA dI gaI hai| kyoMki jisa prakAra cintAmaNi manuSya ko laukika sukhoM kI prApti karAne meM sakSama hai usI prakAra utsAhapUrvaka dharma-puruSArtha karane vAlA manuSya pAralaukika sukhoM, yahA~ taka ki mukti-sukha ko bhI prApta kara sakatA hai| (2) AryakSetra __manuSya janma mila jAne para AryakSetra kA milanA durlabha hai, jahA~ use dharmAtmA mahApuruSoM evaM dharmadhurandharoM kA samAgama evaM dharma kA vAtAvaraNa mila sakatA hai| adhikAMza vyakti manuSyajanma prApta kara lene para bhI anArya kSetra meM janma lete haiM, vahA~ dharma kA susaMyoga milanA durlabha hai| (3) uttama kula kadAcit kisI manuSya ko Arya kSetra mila bhI jAe phira bhI uttama kula meM janma honA bahuta ho prabala bhAgya se milatA hai| uttama kuloM meM dharmAcaraNa hotA rahatA hai, vahA~ dharmaparAyaNa mAtA-pitA, bhAI-bahana, parivArojana Adi milate haiN| isa kAraNa dharma-sammukhatA anAyAsa hI ho jAtI hai| kintu nIca kula meM janma hone para manuSya dharma ke pavitra vAtAvaraNa se prAyaH vaMcita rahatA hai / nIca kuloM meM pApI-janoM kI saMgati aura pApAcaraNa ko preraNA ho prAyaH milatI hai| (4) dIrgha-Ayu manuSyajanma, AryakSetra aura uttama kula prApta hone para bhI kaI manuSya alpAyu hote haiM, prasavakAla meM yA zaizavakAla meM hI maraNa-zaraNa ho jAte haiN| Ayu kI alpatA ke kAraNa ve dharmAcaraNa nahIM kara pAte / dharma unake lie atIva duSprApya hotA hai / alpAyu vAlA mAnava dharma ko samajha bhI nahIM pAtA bhAcaraNa to dUra kI vastu hai|
Page #340
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 22 | jaina tattvakalikA : tRtIya kalikA (5) avikala indriyA~ kadAcit puNyayoga se dIrghAyu bhI prApta ho gaI aura yadi indriyA~ paripUrNa na mileM to bhI manuSya prAyaH dharmAcaraNa nahIM kara pAtA / jaise koI vyakti janmAndha hotA hai, vaha par3ha-likha nahIM sakatA, isalie dharma kA bodha use prApta honA prAyaH duSkara hotA hai, koI baharA hotA hai, vaha dharma-zravaNa nahIM kara sakatA, koI gUMgA hotA hai, vaha bhI bhalIbhAMti dharmapAlana nahIM kara pAtA / prAyaH aise manuSyoM kA jIvana bhArabhUta evaM parAdhIna bana jAtA hai / aisI sthiti meM zuddha dharma kA ArAdhana unake lie duSkara hotA hai / (6) nIroga zarIra svastha aura paripUrNa indriyA~ milane para bhI yadi zarIra nIroga na rahatA ho, kisI na kisI roga se AkrAnta rahatA ho to aisA vyakti dharmArAdhanA nahIM kara sakatA / zarIra svastha hone para hI japa, tapa, tyAga, saMvara, vrata, niyama, pratyAkhyAna Adi sucAru rUpa se ho sakate haiM / svastha zarIra prabala bhAgya se milatA hai / (7) sadguru-samAgama pUrvokta sabhI saMyoga mila bhI jAe~, kintu sacce nigrantha tyAgI sadguru kA satsaMga evaM darzana sevA Adi kA lAbha na mile to saba kucha vyartha hai, kAtA - pIMjA kapAsa hai; kyoMki prAyaH kaI vyaktiyoM ko aise kuguru mila jAte haiM, jo unheM gumarAha karake saddharma se vaMcita kara dete haiM / aise bhaMger3IgaMjer3I, durvyasanI, durAcArI kuguruoM ke kusaMga se vyakti durvyasanI, durAcArI evaM adharmI hI banatA hai | ataH sadguru-samAgama milanA atyanta durlabha hai / sadguru-samAgama ke binA sadUdharma kI prApti honA bhI atyanta duSkara hai| (8) zAstra zravaNa itane saba yoga milane para bhI agara vyakti kI ruci dharma yA zAstroM ke zravaNa-manana- paThana-pAThana meM yA svAdhyAya meM na huI to sadUdharma kA bodha honA kaThina hai / sadUdharma ke bodha ke binA yA to vyakti dharma se vimukha ho jAtA hai yA phira dharma ke nAma se bhrAnta azuddha dharma ko pakar3a letA hai / ataH zuddha dharma kI prApti zAstrazravaNa ruci ke binA honA prAyaH durlabha hai / dharmazravaNa karane kA lAbha bhI pratyeka vyakti nahIM uThA sakatA /
Page #341
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ dharma ke vividha svarUpa | 23 sthAnAMgasUtra meM batAyA gayA hai-'mahArambha aura mahAparigraha, ina do kAraNoM se vyakti kevaliprApta dharmazravaNa kA lAbha nahIM le sktaa| bahuta se logoM ko dharmazravaNa kA lAbha to milatA hai, lekina dharma sthAna meM dharmazravaNa karane hetu Akara bhI dharmopadeza ke samaya nIMda lene lagate haiM, anyamanaska hokara dharmazravaNa karate haiM, unakA mana sAMsArika bAtoM meM ghUmatA rahatA hai. ve anicchA se Ate haiM aura dharmopadeza ke samaya gappai lagAne lagate haiN| ___ isa prakAra unake dvArA kiyA gayA dharmazravaNa bhI nirarthaka aura azravaNa-sA ho jAtA hai| aise zrotA kevala prathApAlana karane ke lie dharmasthAna meM Ate haiM, aura jar3avat baiThakara dharmazravaNa karate haiN| zravaNa karane ke vAda na to ve manana-cintana kara pAte haiM, na hI usake anusAra kucha AcaraNa karane kA prayatna karate haiM / aise logoM ko dharma kI prApti kaise ho sakatI hai ? (8) zuddha zraddhAna . kaI loga dharmazravaNa to karate haiM, lekina unakA dharmazravaNa zraddhA rahita hotA hai, ve zAstra kI pratyeka bAta meM zaMkA-kuzaMkA karane lagate haiN| unakA zraddhArahita zAstra-zravaNa rAkha para lIpane jaisA nirarthaka hotA hai / dharma para zuddha evaM dRr3ha zraddhAna ke binA dharma unake jIvana meM jarA bhI nahIM utrtaa| phalataH ve dharma prApti se bahuta dUra rahate haiN| (10) dharmasparzanA dharma para zraddhA rakhane vAle samyagdRSTi jIva to cAroM gatiyoM meM pAe jAte haiM, lekina pUrNarUpa se dharma kI sparzanA (dharmAcaraNa) karane vAle kevala manuSyagati meM hI pAe jAte haiN| manuSyoM meM bhI adhikAMza manuSya aise hote haiM, jo pUrvokta sabhI sAdhanoM ko prApta karake zuddha dharmAcaraNa, dharmasparzanA se vaMcita raha jAte hai / ve yA to mohavaza sAMsArika bhoga-vilAsoM meM phaMsa jAte haiM, athavA ve kuTumbIjanoM ke moha meM grasta ho jAte haiM, athavA mahArambhamahAparigraha meM phaMsane se unakI buddhi para itanA gAr3ha AvaraNa car3hA rahatA hai ki ve dharma kI sparzanA nahIM kara sakate, dharmAcaraNa meM puruSArtha karane se ve katarAte haiN| 1 'dohiM ThANehiM jIvA kevalipaNNattaM dhammaM na labhejja savaNayAe-mahAraMbheNa ceva mahApariggaheNa ceva / ' -sthAnAMga. sthAna 2 2 (ka) mANussaM viggahaM laddha suI dhammassa dullahA / jaM soccA paDivajjati tave khaMtimahiMsayaM / / 8 / / (contd.)
Page #342
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 24 | jaina tattvakalikA : tRtIya kalikA mukhyatayA ina dasa kAraNoM se zuddha dharma kI prApti aura usakI sparzamA se jIvana meM saduddezya kI upalabdhi atyanta duSkara hai / eka hI dharma ke vividha prakAra kyoM ? dharma kA sarvAMgINa svarUpa aura usakI AvazyakatA, upayogitA, zakti aura mahimA ko jAna lene ke bAda bhI yaha jAnanA zeSa raha jAtA hai, ki dharma- - zuddha dharma kA svarUpa siddhAnta Adi eka hote hue bhI usake vibhinna rUpa aura prakAra kyoM dRSTigocara hote haiM ? isa prazna kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki yaha koI niyama nahIM ki satya kA prakAza eka hI taraha se ho, bhinna-bhinna paristhitiyoM meM vividha prakAra se bhI prakAza ho sakatA hai, aura hotA hai / anekAntavAda ke sApekSa siddhAnta meM eka satya ko vibhinna apekSAoM se jaba prakAzita karanA hotA hai to vibhinna prakAra se usakI abhivyakti kI jAtI hai / vedoM meM bhI kahA hai - 'ekaM sat viprA bahudhA vadanti'- - 'eka hI satya ko vidvAn bhinna-bhinna prakAra se kahate haiN|' isI bAta ko anya zabdoM meM kahanA ho to yoM kaha sakate haiM - siddhAnta nahIM badalate, parantu unase sambandhita kriyAe~ badala jAtI haiM / jaise - manuSya kA hRdaya to eka hI hotA hai, arthAt usake hRdaya meM to dharma ke ahiMsA, satyAdi yA kSamA, maitrI, dayA Adi siddhAnta to eka-se hI hote haiM, kintu sAmAjika, dhArmika, Arthika, rAjanaitika, pArivArika Adi jIvana ke vibhinna kSetroM meM prayoga karate samaya usa usa kSetra kI yathAyogya bhUmikA ke anusAra use vibhinna prakriyA apanAnI par3atI hai / eka hI manuSya vividha jIvana kSetroM meM dharma kA vividha rUpa meM sakriya AcaraNa karatA hai / dUsarI dRSTi se vicAra kiyA jAe to eka hI zuddha dharma ke vibhinna bAhya rUpoM ke nirmANa hone meM jainadharma dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva ko mukhya kAraNa mAnatA hai / jainadharma kA yaha kathana hai ki sabhI jIva saMsArI avasthA meM dravya kI apekSA samAna nahIM hote, kyoMki unake vikAsa, umra, Arogya, bala, (kha) Ahacca savaNaM laddha N saddhA paramadullahA / soccA neyAjyaM maggaM bahave paribhassa || || (ga) suica laddha saddha N ca vIriyaM puNa dullahA / bahave yA maNAvino eNaM paDivajjae // 10 // ? 'Principles are not changed but practice is changed.' - uttarA0 bha.3
Page #343
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ dharma ke vividha svarUpa | 25 utsAha, zraddhA, saMskAra Adi meM tAratamya hone se unakI bhUmikAe~ pRthak pRthaka honA svAbhAvika hai / ' tadanusAra unakI vRtti pravRtti meM mahAn antara pAyA jAtA hai / ataH ina sabhI jIvoM - vizeSataH manuSyoM ke lie AcaraNIya dharma kA eka hI rUpa kaise saMbhava ho sakatA hai ? dharma ke vibhinna rUpoM ke hone meM kSetrIya ( grAma, nagara, prAnta, rASTra Adi kI) pRthak pRthaka paristhiti bhI kAraNa hai / sabhI kSetroM kI paristhiti sadaiva eka sI nahIM rahatI / udAharaNArtha - eka dharma jisa rUpa meM bhArata rASTra meM pAlA jAtA hai, usa rUpa meM cIna, jApAna, rUsa yA amerikA meM pAlA nahIM jA sakatA aura jisa rUpa meM cIna Adi rASTroM meM pAlA jA sakatA hai, usa rUpa meM bhArata meM nahIM pAlA jA sakatA / bhaugolika paristhiti ke kAraNa usameM avazya hI kucha antara dRSTigocara hogA / praNAma. udAharaNArtha - - praNAma, prArthanA aura pUjA ye dharma ke aMga haiM / parantu prArthanA aura pUjA karane ke DhaMga, tarIke yA paramparAe~ yA rUpa vibhinna dezoM meM bhinna-bhinna prakAra ke haiM / kevala praNAma karane kI rItiyAM hI isa vizva meM itanI bhinna haiM, ki ve eka dUsare se nahIM milatIM / isI prakAra anya vyavahAroM meM bhI bhinnatA hai, phira bhI dharma ko sabake sAtha anusyUta karane ke kAraNa una vibhinna prathAoM ko dharma kA rUpa mAna liyA jAtA hai / AcaraNIya dharma ke vividha rUpa hone meM kAla kA bhI bahuta bar3A hAtha hai / caturtha Are meM dharmapAlana kA jo rUpa thA, paMcamakAla meM vaha rUpa nahIM raha skaa| bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ke yuga meM cAturyAma dharma ke pAlana meM hI paMca- mahAvratoM kA pAlana gatArtha ho jAtA thA, kintu bhagavAn mahAvIra ne apane yuga meM sAdhakoM ke manobhAva, bala, utsAha Adi dekhakara sAdhakoM ke lie paMca mahAvratoM aura chaThe rAtribhojanaviramaNavrata kA vidhAna kiyA / isI prakAra mahAvratoM aura tadanurUpa samAcArI ke pAlana kA jo rUpa bhagavAn mahAvIra ke yuga meM thA, usake pazcAt uttarottara kAlakrama se mahAvratoM ke pAlana ke rUpa meM parivartana hotA gayA / isa prakAra kAla ke anusAra bhI dharma ke rUpa meM antara par3atA hai / Adya zaMkarAcArya ne to yahA~ taka kaha diyA hai ki jisa deza yA kAla meM jo (ka) davvaM khettaM kAlaM bhAvaM ca viSNAya ... - AcArAMga pra. zra.. (kha) 'balaM thAmaM ca pehAe, saddhAmAruggamappaNo / khettaM kAlaM ca vinnAya, tahappANaM niraMjae / ' - dazavaikAlika a. 8 gA. 35 1
Page #344
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 26 | jaina tattvakalikA : tRtIya kalikA dharma samajhA jAtA hai, vahI dezAntara yA kAlAntara meM prAyaH adharma ho jAtA hai| jainazAstroM kI bhASA meM kaheM to eka kAla meM jo utsarga dharma thA, paristhitivaza dUsare kAla meM usake badale apavAda dharma bhI ho jAtA hai| ___ isI prakAra dharma-sAdhakoM ke manobhAva bhI sabake eka-se nahIM hote / yadyapi lakSya sabhI sAdhakoM kA eka hI hotA hai, mahAvratoM yA aNavatoM kI pratijJA kA rUpa bhI samAna hotA hai, tathApi sAdhakoM ke manobhAvoM meM antara hone se athavA bAhya sAdhanoM (padArthI) meM antara hone se dharma pAlana ke rUpa meM bhI bhinnatA A jAtI hai| udAharaNArtha-eka sAdhu tapasyA meM bhArI puruSArtha karatA hai, use tapasyA meM ruci aura zraddhA hai, parantu dUsarA sAdhu zarIra se durbala hai, tapasyA meM usako ruci kama hai, vaha tapasyA ko AcaraNIya dharma samajhate hue bhI usameM itanA puruSArtha nahIM kara paataa| vaha bauddhika dRSTi se samartha hai, zAstrIya adhyayana aura jJAnArjana karane meM sakSama hai, usakI ruci aura zraddhA bhI hai| ataH vaha jJAnArjana meM puruSArtha karatA hai / isI prakAra eka gRhastha dhana-sampanna hai, kintu dAna-dharma kI ruci aura bhAvanA kama hone se preraNA karane para bahuta hI kama dAna detA hai, dUsarA sadgRhasthe dhana-sampanna hone ke sAtha-sAtha udAra bhAvanA vAlA hai vaha apanI antaHsphuraNA se lAkhoM rupayoM kA dAna detA hai| tIsarA sadgRhastha sAmAnya sthiti kA hai, dAnadharma kI bhAvanA hote hue bhI vaha bahuta hI kama dAna de pAtA hai| jisakI sthiti atyanta sAmAnya ho, vaha kSudhAtura ko roTI kA Tukar3A dekara athavA tRSAtura ko zItala jala pilAkara bhI dAnadharma kA pAlana karatA hai| isI prakAra eka bAlaka bahuta hI choTA-sA tapa karatA hai. jabaki yuvaka yA praur3ha manuSya bar3I tapasyA karatA hai| donoM ho tapodharma kA pAlana karate haiM; kintu donoM ke tapodharma ke rUpa meM antara avazya hai, jo unake manobhAvoM ke anusAra svAbhAvika hai / bhAva kI apekSA bhI dharma ke vividha prakAra dikhAI dete haiN| isa prakAra dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva kI apekSA se dharma-zuddha dharma eka hote hue bhI usake rUpoM meM antara ho jAtA hai / parantu dharmoM ke rUpoM meM 1 'yasmin deze kAle ca yo dharmo bhavati, sa eva dezAntare kAlAntare ca adharmo bhavati / '
Page #345
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ dharma ke vividha svarUpa | 27 antara yA dravya kSetrAnusAra vibhinna yogyatA vAle logoM kI apekSA se athavA jIvana ke vibhinna kSetroM meM tadanurUpa dharmAcaraNa ke kAraNa dharmoM kI vibhinnatA dekhakara yaha kahanA ucita nahIM hai ki ye dharma nahIM haiM, adharma haiM / pUrvokta kAraNoM se dharmoM kI vibhinnatA ko lekara unheM adharmaM to kathamapi nahIM kahA jA sktaa| alabattA, dharma-pAlakoM kI kakSA yA bhUmikA meM antara ke kAraNa dharmAcaraNa kI DigrI meM antara ho sakatA hai / jaise eka kuzala evaM anubhavI vaidya rogiyoM kI vibhinna Ayu, prakRti, paristhiti aura roga kA prakAra dekhakara pratyeka rogI ko usake roga Adi ke anurUpa auSadha amuka-amuka mAtrA meM detA hai, tabhI usake roga kA nivAraNa hotA hai / vaha sabhI rogiyoM kI eka hI davA, athavA eka hI prakAra ke sabhI rogiyoM ko bhI samAna mAtrA meM davA nahIM detA / uso prakAra bhavaroga ke kuzala evaM kevalajJAnI - kevaladarzI, vItarAga - vaidya bhI saMsAra ke sabhI prANiyoM ko, vizeSataH samasta manuSyoM ko eka hI prakAra kI dharmarUpI auSapi nahIM dete aura na hI janma-maraNa rUpa saMsAra ke kAraNabhUta eka hI prakAra ke karma-roga ko miTAne kI dharmarUpa auSadha samAna mAtrA meM dete haiM / 1 yahI kAraNa hai ki zuddha dharma aura usake aMga samAna hote hue bhI vItarAga sarvajJa tIrthaMkara bhavavyAdhibhiSagvaryoM ne prANiyoM ko zuddha dharma ke dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva aura bhUmikA kI apekSA se vibhinna rUpa batAe haiN| vibhinna prakAra kI yogyatA vAle logoM ke lie unakI dharmadezanA bhI vibhinna prakAra kI rahI hai / " jaise sarvavirati sAdhuoM ke lie anagAradharma batAyA, to dezavirati zrAvakoM ke lie AgAradharma / sAdhuoM meM bhI jinakalpI, sthavira-kalpI, pratimAdhArI Adi sAdhuoM ke pRthak-pRthak dharmoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai | zrAvakoM meM samyaktvI, aNuvratI, dvAdazavratI, pratimAdhArI Adi ke dharma pRthak-pRthak ho jAte haiM / samyagdRSTi meM bhI nItiniSTha, mArgAnusArI, naiSThika, pAkSika Adi koTiyA~ haiM / dasa prakAra ke dharmoM kA svarUpa yahI kAraNa hai ki zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra ne sthAnAMgasUtra meM dravya kSetrAdi ke anusAra dharmapAlakoM ko vibhinna kakSAoM ko dekhakara dharma ke dasa prakAra batAye haiM, ve isa prakAra haiM 1 samadarzI AcArya haribhadrasUri ne isI tathya kA samarthana karate hue kahA hai'citrA tu dezanaiteSAM sthAd vinayAnuSThAnataH / yasmAdete mahAtmAno, bhavavyAdhibhiSagvarAH //
Page #346
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 28 | jaina tattvakalikA : tRtIya kalikA (1) grAmadharma, (2) nagaradharma, (3) rASTradharma, (4) pASaNDadharma, (5) kuladharma, (6) gaNadharma, (7) saMghadhamaM, (8) zrutadharma, (e) cAritradharma aura (10) astikAya dharma | 2 ina dharmoM ko pramukha rUpa se tIna prakAroM meM vibhAjita kiyA jA sakatA hai - (1) laukikadharma, (2) laukika lokottaradharma (3) lokottara dharma / laukika aura lokottara dharmaM yaha eka nirvivAda tathya hai jaise makAna kI sudRr3hatA aura sthAyitva ke lie gaharI se gaharI nIMva DAlI jAtI hai, vaise mAnava jIvana rUpI makAna sudRr3hatA aura sthAyitva ke lie dharmarUpI nIMva (AdhArazilA ) gaharI aura pukhtA banAnA Avazyaka hai / dharmarUpI nIMva agara kaccI rahegI to mAnavajIvana rUpI makAna ajJAna, andhavizvAsa, zaMkA, kutarka, anAcAra aura adharma Adi ke tUphAnoM se hilakara dharAzAyI hue binA na rahegA / makAna kI nIMva ko majabUta banAne ke lie jaise - reta, pAnI, sImeMTa, cUnA Adi kI AvazyakatA hotI hai, vaise ho mAnavajIvana rUpI makAna kI dharmarUpI nIMva ko majabUta banAne ke lie sabhyatA, saMskRti, nAgarikatA, rASTrIyatA, dhArmika niyamabaddhatA, kulInatA, sAmUhikatA, saMghazakti, ekatA Adi laukika dharmoM ke pAlana kI sarvaprathama AvazyakatA hai / jaise zuddhadharma kI nIMva ko sudRr3ha aura sthAyI banAne hetu laukika dharmoM kA pAlana karanA atyAvazyaka hai, vaise hI Upara kI cinAI ko majabUta banAne hetu lokottara dharmoM kA pAlana karanA bhI utanA hI Avazyaka hai / atra dharmoM kA bhalIbhA~ti pAlana kiye binA lokottara dharmoM kA pAlana karanA aisA hI hai jaise sIr3hiyoM ke binA U~ce mahala meM praveza karane kA niSphala prayAsa karanA / jaise kisI gRhastha ke sira para to kImatI pagar3I ba~dhI huI ho lekina nIce dhotI yA laMgoTI bhI pahanI huI na ho to usakI sthiti hAsyAspada hotI hai, usI prakAra kevala lokottara dharma-rUpI pagar3I bA~dhe hue, kintu laukikadharmarUpI dhotI yA laMgoTI se vihIna gRhastha ko hAsyAspada sthiti hotI hai / 1 dasavihe dhamme pannatte, taM0 - gAmadhamme 1, nagaradhamme 2, raTThadhamme 3, pAsaMDadhamme 4, kuladhamme 5, gaNadhamme 6, saMghadhamme 7, suyadhamme 8, carittadhamme &, asthikAyadhamme. 10 / --sthAnAMga sUtra, sthA. 10, sU. 760
Page #347
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ dharma ke vividha svarUpa | 26 sAra yaha hai ki manuSya ko laukika aura lokottara donoM dharmoM kA bhalIbhAMti samanvaya karake pAlana karane se hI naitika, dhArmika aura AdhyAtmika jIvana samRddha aura sudRr3ha ho sakatA hai, tathA mAnava jIvana kA antima vAstavika lakSya - mokSa siddha ho sakatA hai| prastuta dasa dharmoM meM se grAmadharma, nagaradharma, rASTra dharma, ye tIna laukika dharma haiM, tathA pApaNDa dharma, kula dharma, gaNa dharma saMgha dharma ye cAra kathaJcit laukika dharma haiM, kathaMcit lokottara, aura zruta dharma, cAritra dharma tathA astikAya dharma lokottara haiM / laukika dharma AdhAra : lokottara dharma Adheya yadyapi grAma dharma Adi laukika dharma sIdhe (Direct ) mokSa kI prApti ke lie paryApta nahIM haiM, tathApi jina dharmoM se sIdhe (Direct ) mokSa kI prApti hotI hai, unake lie ye grAma dharma Adi laukika dharma AdhAra avazya haiM / spaSTa zabdoM meM kaheM to grAmadharmAdi laukika dharma AdhAra haiM, to zrutacAritra dharma Adi lokottara dharma Adheya haiN| AdhAra ke abhAva meM Adheya kisake sahAre TikegA ? pAtra ke abhAva meM jaise ghI Tika nahIM sakatA, vase hI grAma-dharma, nagara-dharma, rASTra-dharma Adi laukika dharmoM ke AdhAra ke binA zruta cAritra lokottara dharma rUpa Adheya Tika nahIM sakate / jisa grAma, nagara yA rASTra meM grAma dharma, nagara-dharma, rASTradharma kA pAlana na hotA ho, jahA~ corI, lUTapATa, vezyAgamana, parastrIgamana, anyAyaatyAcAra, anAcAra Adi pApa dhar3alle se panapa rahe hoM, kisI dharmayukta bAta ko koI sunane ko taiyAra na ho, aisI sthiti meM koI vratI sadgRhastha yA mahAvratI sAdhu vahA~ rahakara kaise apane lokottara dharma kA pAlana kara sakegA ? kaise AtmasAdhanA kara sakegA aura kisa prakAra vaha apanI sajjanatA yA sAdhutA kI surakSA kara sakegA ? aise laukika dharma-vihIna dUSita grAma, nagara yA rASTra meM koI bhI zramaNopAsaka vahA~ ghara basAkara sthAyI rUpa se rahane kI yA zramaNa sthiravAsa rahane ko taiyAra nahIM hogA / yadyapi sAdhu-sAdhvIgaNa apane pUrvAzrama meM pAlanIya laukika dharmoM kI bhUmikA ko pAra karake lokottara dharma kI bhUmikA meM A jAte haiM, unheM aba pratyakSa rUpa se laukika dharma kA pAlana karanA nahIM hotA, tathApi unheM sadgRhasthoM ko laukika dharma-pAlana kI preraNA denA Avazyaka hotA hai, usase vimukha hokara ve raha nahIM sakate, kyoMki gRhastha logoM dvArA laukika dharma kA pAlana sucAru rUpa se hogA, tabhI sAdhuvarga lokottara dharma kA pAlana sucAru rUpa se kara sakegA /
Page #348
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 30 | jaina tattvakalikA : tRtIya kalikA gRhasthoM ke lie laukika dharma ke pAlana kI upekSA karane se lokottara dharma bhI khatare meM par3a jAegA / laukika dharma kI upekSA karane se gRhastha zrAvaka bhI lokottara dharma kA pAlana ThIka se nahIM kara sakegA, aura na hI sAdhu varga apane sAdhudharma ( lokottara dharma) kA pAlana ThIka se kara sakegA / gRhasthoM kA jIvana nItimaya evaM pavitra nahIM hogA to sAdhu varga kA jIvana bhI pavitra rahanA kaThina hai / 'jaisA khAe anna, vaisA rahe mana' isa kahAvata ke anusAra sAdhu ko jisa grAma, nagara yA rASTra meM rahanA ho, vahA~ ke nivAsI agara adharmI, cora yA atyAcArI hoMge, to unakA anna khAne vAlA sAdhuvarga apane vicAra ko zuddha evaM pavitra kaise rakha sakegA ? adharmI yA atyAcArI IT anna khAne se usake vicAroM kA pratibimba sAdhu ke mana para par3e binA kaise raha sakatA hai ? ataH stra-para-kalyANa-parAyaNa sAdhuvarga ko grAmadharma Adi laukika-dharmo se thor3A-bahuta sambandha rakhanA hI par3atA hai, phira una laukika dharmoM kI tadyogyajanoM ko preraNA dene se kinArAkasI karanA kaise ucita kahA jA sakatA hai| laukika dharma kI kasauTI hA~, agara laukika dharmoM ke nAma se kahIM hiMsA, asatya, anyAya, atyAcAra yA samyaktva ko dUSita karane vAle Adeza nirdeza kiye jA rahe haiM, tathA laukika dharma-pAlakoM ko una prathAoM yA rIti-rivAjoM kA pAlana karane ke lie bAdhya kiyA jA rahA ho, yA unakA samyaktva naSTa hone kI sambhAATT ho, vahA~ usa laukika vidhi ko laukika dharma ke nAma se mAnanA kathamapi ucita nahIM hai, sAdhuoM ko bhI aisI sthiti meM ukta bhrAnta laukika dharma ko na mAnane kI preraNA apane anuyAyI gRhasthavarga ko denI cAhie / AcArya somadevasUri ne laukika dharma kI spaSTa kasauTI batA dI hai'jainoM ke lie vaha samagra laukika vyavasthA pramANa hai, jise mAnya karane para samyaktva kI kisI prakAra se hAni na ho aura ahiMsAdi vrata dUSita na hoM / ataeva Atmazaddhi aura siddhi (mukti) prApta karane ke uddezya se zAstrakAroM ne laukika aura lokottara dharmarUpa dasa prakAra ke dharmoM kI yojanA kI hai / 1 sarva eva hi jainAnAM pramANaM laukiko vidhiH / yatra samyaktvahAnirna, na syAd bratadUSaNan / / - yazaslikacampU
Page #349
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ dharma ke vividha svarUpa | 31 laukika aura lokottara : donoM prakAra ke dharmoM kA pAlana Avazyaka AcArya somadevasUri ne gRhasthoM ke lie laukika aura lokottara (pAralaukika) donoM dharmoM ke pAlana kA saMketa kiyA hai| dekhiye unake grantha kA pramANa-"gRhastha ke lie donoM dharma hI pAlanIya hote haiM, yathA-laukika aura pAralaukika (lokottara) / laukika dharma lokAzrita hai aura pAralaukika (lokottara) dharma AgamAzrita hai| isakA phalitArtha yaha hai ki laukika dharmoM ke lie vistRta varNana yA prarUpaNa AgamoM meM prApta nahIM hogA, kevala nAma nirdeza hogA; kyoMki laukika dharmoM meM dravya, kSetra,kAla aura bhAva kI apekSA se pavirtana-saMzodhana-parivartana hote rahate haiM, ataH AgamoM meM laukika dharmoM kI koI eka nizcita rUparekhA paddhati yA vidhi nahIM batAI gaI hai| parantu lokottara dharma kI vidhi yA paddhati nizcita hai, isalie AgamoM meM lokottara dharmoM kI maryAdAe~ nizcita kara dI gaI haiM, unakI vidhiyoM kA bhI vistRta varNana milatA hai| - AcAryoM ne laukika dharmoM kI kasauTI aura unake pAlana kI kucha maryAdAe~ avazya batAI haiN| pratyeka dharma kI rakSA ke lie dharmanAyaka . zAstrakAroM ne pUrvokta dasa dharmoM ke yathAvat pAlana ke lie tathA vibhinna prakAra kI naitika, sAmAjika evaM dhArmika vyavasthA kI surakSA ke lie dasa prakAra ke dharmanAyakoM kI bhI yojanA kI hai| ve dasa dharmanAyaka isa prakAra haiM--(1) grAmasthavira, (2) nagarasthavira, (3) rASTrasthavira, (4) prazAstAsthavira, (5) kulasthavira, (6) gaNasthavira, (7) saMghasthavira, (8) jAtisthavira, (6) tasthavira aura (10) dIkSAsthavira / / prastuta donoM sUtroM arthAt dharmoM aura sthaviroM kA rUpa aura rasa kI taraha anyonyAzraya sambandha hai| jahA~ rUpa hotA hai, vahA~ rasa avazya hotA hai, jahA~ rasa hotA hai, vahA~ rUpa bhI dRSTigocara hotA hai / rUpa aura rasa ke avinAbhAvasambandha kI taraha dharmoM aura sthaviroM kA bhI avinAbhAva sambandha 1 dvauhi dharmo gRhasthAnAM, laukikaH pAralaukikaH / lokAzrayo bhavedAdyaH, paraH syAdAgamAzrayaH / / -yazastilakacampU 2 dasa therA paNNattA, ta jahA- gAmatherA 1, nagaratherA 2, raTThatherA 3, pasatthAratherA 4, kulatherA 5, gaNatherA 6, saMghatherA 7, jAtitherA 8, suyatherA 6, pariyAyatherA 10 / -sthAnAMga sUtra, sthAna 10, sU.761
Page #350
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 32 | jaina tattvakalikA : tRtIya kalikA hai; kyoMki dharma se hI sthaviroM kA jIvana nirmANa hotA hai aura sthaviroM se usa usa dharma ke nIti niyamoM kA nirdhAraNa hotA hai| ina dasa dharmoM kI kramazaH vyAkhyA isa prakAra hai (1) grAma-dharma jahA~ sAdhAraNa janasamUha, vizeSatayA kRSaka janoM kA samUha saMgaThita hokara amuka sImita saMkhyA meM basatA ho, use 'grAma' kahate haiN| grAmavAsiyoM ke duHkha kaSTa aura samasyAe~ dUra karane ke lie, jo dharmapradhAna vyavasthA kI jAtI hai, athavA grAmoM ko lakSya karake grAmoM kI unnati, utthAna, vikAsa aura surakSA ke lie jo niyamopaniyamoM kI AcArasaMhitA yA grAmyavyavasthA kA nirmANa kiyA jAtA hai, use grAmadharma kahate haiN| dUsare zabdoM meM jisa dharma kA pAlana karane se grAmya jovana kI surakSA hotI hai usakI unnati hotI hai use sAdhAraNatayA grAmadharma kahA jA sakatA hai| grAma meM agara corI hotI ho, to use rokanA, vezyAgamana, jubhA, vyabhicAra Adi na hone denA, pazahiMsA na hone denA, mukadamebAjI, pArTIbAjI Adi se hone vAlI sampatti kI hAni evaM pArasparika vaimanasya kA nivAraNa karanA, gA~va kI saMgaThita zakti dvArA gA~va kI phUTa, asurakSA, anyAya-anIti Adi dUra karanA, gA~va ke pramukha-grAmasthavira ke dvArA grAmahita ke lie banAye gaye niyamoM kA pAlana karanA, grAma kA mukhya dharma hai| Aja grAmoM meM ajJAna, andhavizvAsa anArogya aura nirdhanatA hai, sAtha hI zaharoM ke samparka ke kAraNa dhUmrapAna tathA madya, bhaMga, gAjA, aphIma Adi kaI durvyasanoM ke kAraNa gA~voM kI vyavasthA bigar3atI jA rahI hai / isa duvyavasthA ke kAraNa grAmavAsI prAyaH aneka duHkhoM se grasta hai| agara grAmINa jana grAmadharma kA pAlana kareM to ye saba duHkha anAyAsa hI dUra ho jaaeN| sArAMza yaha hai--grAmoM kI vyavasthA ko durvyasanoM tathA ajJAna, andhavizvAsa Adi se dUra rakhanA grAmadharma hai| grAma-vAsiyoM ke kartavya evaM nIti niyama, jo ki grAma-sthaviroM dvArA grAmoM kI suvyavasthA evaM zAnti ke lie nizcita kiye gaye hoM, unakA nAma bhI grAma dharma hai| bIja bone se pahale jaise kheta jotanA Avazyaka hotA hai, vaise hI dharmamoja bone ke lie grAmadharma rUpI bhUmikA taiyAra karanA Avazyaka hotA hai / kyoMki grAmadharma kI bhUmikA meM se sabhyatA, nAgarikatA, rASTrIyatA Adi dharma ke aMkura phUTate haiN|
Page #351
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ dharma ke vividha svarUpa | 33 __jaise kRSi kA mUla kheta ko jotanA hai, vaise hI dharma kA mUla grAmadharma kI taiyArI karanA hai| jaba taka dharmavRkSa ke grAmadharmarUpa mUla ko nIti ke jala se nahIM sIMcA jAegA, taba taka sUtradharma aura cAritradharmarUpa madhura phala kI AzA nahIM rakhI jA sktii| niSkarpa yaha hai ki dharmavRkSa ke grAmadharmarUpa mUla ko nIti jala se niyamita siMcana karake sudRr3ha banA lene ke pazcAt hI sUtra-cAritradharmarUpa madhuraphala prApta ho sakate haiM / grAmoM meM prAcInakAla meM saccI dhamaniSThA, pavitra AstikatA, saralatA, sAdagI tathA ucca caritrasampatti thI, usakA kAraNa grAmyajanoM dvArA grAmadharma kA pAlana karanA thA, parantu Aja una bAtoM ke bhagnAvazeSa hI raha gaye haiN| isakA kAraNa bhI gaharAI se dekhA jAe to grAmadharma kA abhAva pratIta hogA / Aja grAmoM ke loga grAmadharma ko chor3akara prAyaH svArtha, bhaya, daivavAda, yaMtra-maMtra vAlA kriyAkANDa, rizvata Adi ke caMgula meM phaMsa gae haiM / isI kAraNa ve nAnA duHkhoM se AkrAnta haiN| (2) nagaradharma __ jaba grAma kA janasamUha adhika saMkhyA meM bar3ha jAtA hai, sAtha hI sabhyatA, alaMkRta vezabhUSA, susaMskRta bhASA, Adi kucha UparI vizeSatAe~ A jAtI haiM, taba vaha grAma, grAma na rahakara 'nagara' bana jAtA hai| jisa prakAra grAmoM ko lakSya karake grAmadharma kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai, usI prakAra nagaroM ko lakSya karake nagaradharma kI yojanA kI gaI hai| yadyapi pratyeka nagara kI bAhya rIti, prathA yA khAna-pAna, vezabhUSA Adi kI bAhya saMskRti bhinna-bhinna hotI hai, tathApi ve nIti-rItiyA~ Adi dharma se anuprANita hoM, tathA jo bhI niyamopaniyama yA AcAra-vyavahAra nagarasthaviroM dvArA banAye jAe~, ve nAgarikoM kI sukha-zAnti aura suvyavasthA meM bAdhaka na hoM tabhI ve nagaradharma hI kahalAe jaayeNge| dUradarzI nagarasthavira dravya-kSetra-kAla-bhAvAnusAra nAgarikoM ke pArivArika, sAmAjika, Arthika, dhArmika evaM AdhyAtmika hitoM ko lakSya meM rakhakara jo bhI dharmAnuprANita nIti-niyama banAte haiM, AcArasaMhitA kI yojanA banAte haiM, vaha saba nagaradharma hai| nAgarikoM kA yaha naitika kartavya hai ki ve nagara ke tathA nagaravAsiyoM ke kisI bhI hita ke viruddha, nagara ko hAni pahu~cAne vAlI, nagarasurakSA ke lie khataranAka koI bhI pravRtti na kare / eka bAta kA avazya dhyAna rakhanA cAhie ki grAma aura nagara meM atyanta ghaniSTha sambandha hai / grAmoM ke binA nagaroM kA jIvana surakSita nahIM
Page #352
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 34 | jaina tattvakalikA : tRtIya kalikA raha sakatA, kyoMki jIvana kI prAthamika AvazyakatAe~ anna aura vastra haiM, jo khetI se niSpanna hote haiM, aura khetI grAmoM kI pradhAna jIvikA hai| kalakArakhAnoM meM anna aura vastra ke lie kaccA mAla paidA nahIM ho sktaa| sAtha hI nagaroM ke binA bhI Aja grAmoM kI surakSA khatare meM par3a sakatI hai| isalie grAma apane grAmadharma ko aura nagara apane nagaradharma ko bhUla jAyeM to donoM kA patana avazyambhAvI hai| zarIra aura mastiSka meM jitanA ghaniSTha sambandha hai, vaisA hI sambandha grAmadharma aura nagaradharma meM paraspara hai| grAmINajana zarIra ke sthAna para haiM to nAgarikajana mastiSka kI jagaha / donoM kI asvasthatA kA eka dusare para prabhAva par3atA hai| mastiSka agara saMyogavaza vikSipta yA vikRta ho jAe to vaha sAre zarIra ko hAni pahu~cAtA hai| durbhAgya se, vartamAna meM adhikAMza nAgarika apane nagaradharma kA bhAna prAyaH bhUle hue haiM, unheM apane nagara kI vyavasthA evaM surakSA kA bhI bhAna nahIM rhaa| ve grAmoM kI ghora upekSA kara rahe haiM, yaha kaheM to koI atyukti nhiiN| Aja ke nAgarika prAyaH nagaradharma yA nagara ke prati svakartavya ko bhUlakara nATaka-sinemA, phaizana, nAcaraMga tathA madirApAna Adi durvyasanoM meM apane samaya, zakti aura dhana kA durupayoga kara rahe haiN| vivAha Adi prathAoM meM phijUlakharcI karane meM adhikAMza nAgarika apanI zAna samajhate haiN| Aja kI rAjanIti adhikAMzataH nagara ke hAthoM meM hai| rAjanaitika netA bhI prAyaH nagaranivAsI hI adhika saMkhyA meM haiM / aura ve vidhAnasabhA yA lokasabhA meM janatA ke mata se cune jAne ke bAda prAyaH apanI kIti, lobha evaM svArtha se prerita hokara janahita-ghAtaka kAnUnoM kA samarthana karate dekhe jAte haiM / aise loga grAmadharma aura nagaradharma se kosoM dUra haiN| nagaradharma-pAlaka kA kartavya hai, ki janahita-viruddha kAnUnoM kA samarthana na kare, balki sAmUhika rUpa se tIvra virodha kare / yaho vAstavika nagaradharma hai / / viruddharajjAikamme' (viruddharAjyAtikrama) kA artha hai--rAjya dvArA kRta suvyavasthA kA ullaMghana na karanA / kintu yadi rAjya kI sarakAra hI anIti, anyAya athavA svArtha se prerita hokara rAjya vyavasthA ko dUSita yA caupaTa karatI ho, yA dharmaviruddha rAjya vyavasthA ho to usake viruddha ahiMsAtmaka zAMtipUrNa Andolana karanA pratyeka nAgarika kA kartavya ho jAtA hai| kalpanA karie-janatA ne madya, aphIma Adi mAdaka dravyoM se hone vAlI hAniyoM ko samajhakara unakA tyAga kara diyA, kintu isase sarakAra kI Aya ko dhakkA lgaa| aba yadi koI sarakAra
Page #353
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ dharma ke vividha svarUpa | 35 nagaradhama ko tilAMjali dekara apanI Aya bar3hAne ke lie aisA niyama banA de ki pratyeka nAgarika ko pratidina zarAba pInA anivArya hogaa| aisI sthiti meM nAgarikoM kA dharma athavA kartavya kyA hogA ? yahI hogA ki vaha sarakAra ke isa anItimaya niyama kA ahiMsAtmaka upAyoM se virodha kre| usakA isa prakAra kA virodha karanA bhI nagaradharma se saMgata mAnA jaaegaa| ___nagarajanoM dvArA vartamAna nagaradharma kA yathArtha pAlana na hone ke kAraNa grAmINa loga bhI dhUmrapAna, zarAba, mAMsAhAra, nAca-gAna, vilAsitA, phaizana Adi meM apane samaya, zakti aura dhana kA durvyaya karanA sIkha rahe haiN| ataH nagara meM rahane vAle vyApArI, vidyArthI, zikSaka, vakIla, DaoNkTara, sarakArI karmacArI, adhikArI Adi sabhI pUrvokta nagaradharma kA pAlana kareM to rASTra kA sarvAMgINa hita hone kI pUrI sambhAvanA hai| (3) rASTradharma sAmAnyatayA grAmoM aura nagaroM kA samUha rASTra kahalAtA hai| rASTra zabda kI vyAkhyA AcAryoM tathA. manISI vidvAnoM ne isa prakAra kI hai jo prAkRtika (bhaugolika) sImA se sImita ho, prAyaH eka hI jAti athavA eka hI sabhyatA yA saMskRti ke loga jahA~ rahate hoM, usa deza ko rASTra kahate haiN| deza rASTra zabda kA paryAyavAcaka hai|| jisa kArya se rASTra suvyavasthita hotA hai, arthAt-rASTra kI bigar3I haI vyavasthA ThIka hotI hai, mAnava samAja apane dharma kA ThIka-ThIka pAlana karanA sIkhatA hai, rASTra kI sampatti tathA Arthika-rAjanatika unnati kA saMrakSaNa hotA hai, jisa kArya se rASTra kI pratiSThA, sukha-zAnti aura zakti bar3hatI hai, use rASTradharma kahate haiN| rASTra ke nivAsI dvArA rASTrahita ke viruddha koI kAma na karanA tathA rASTra-droha-sambandhI koI bhI kArya na karanA, rASTra badanAma ho, rASTrIya caritra dUSita hotA ho, rASTra para atyAcAra ho rahA ho, Adi aise kAryoM meM sahayoga na denA bhI rASTradharma kA pAlana hai| dUradarzI rASTrasthavira apane rASTra kI paristhiti dekhakara videzoM se AyAta-niryAta ke jo niyama banAte haiM, athavA paristhitivaza yA Arthika lAbha na hotA dekha kaI videzoM se mAla maMgAne para roka lagAte haiM, rAjya saMcAlana athavA rASTra-saMcAlana ke lie amuka-amuka nyAyocita rAjakIya kara nirdhArita karate haiM, rASTrahita ke lie janatA ke bahumata se kAnUna aura daNDa vyavasthA banAte haiM, bhASA, zikSA, nyAya, surakSA Adi se sambandhita
Page #354
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 36 | jaina tattvakalikA : tRtIya kalikA nIti nizcita karate haiM, unakA ullaMghana na karanA, unakA ThIka DhaMga se yathocita pAlana karanA bhI rASTradharma kahalAtA hai| jisa rASTra meM aneka bhASA, jAti tathA dharma-sampradAya ke loga basate haiM, vahA~ ke rASTra sthavira aise niyama banAte haiM, jisase vividha bhASA, vezabhUSA, jAti aura dharma-sampradAya ke logoM meM paraspara vaimanasya, saMgharSa, phUTa evaM kalaha na ho, ve eka rASTravAsI paraspara bhAI-bhAI kI taraha rASTra meM rahe, eka dUsare ke duHkha-sukha meM, vivAhAdi utsavoM meM sammilita hoM, sahayoga deN| rASTrasthavira rAjA aura prajA (sarakAra aura janatA) donoM kA pratinidhi hokara donoM se sambandha rakhatA hai, isalie rASTra kI prakRti, saMskRti, sabhyatA, sahya khAnapAna, sahya vezabhUSA, bhASA Adi ko dRSTigata rakhakara hI niyama banAtA hai / ataH una niyamoM kA pAlana karanA rASTra ke pratyeka nAgarika kA kartavya hai| jo grAmyajana grAmadharma kA aura jo nAgarika nagaradharma kA pAlana nahIM karate, ve apane rASTra kA apamAna aura patana karate haiN| aise hI vyaktiyoM ke kAraNa rASTra Arthika evaM rAjanaitika dRSTi se videzI zaktiyoM kA gulAma banatA hai| vAstava meM, agara bhAratavarSa ke adhaHpatana evaM paratantra hone kA kAraNa DhaDhe to spaSTa pratIta hogA ki thor3e se nAgarikoM ne nagaradharma kA pAlana nahIM kiyA, isI kAraNa rASTradharma kA lopa ho gyaa| jo loga rASTrahita ke viruddha kArya karate haiM, athavA jo loga eka rASTra ke nAgarika hokara dUsare rASTra ko kevala apane dharma-sampradAya ke kAraNa rASTra kI gopanIya bAteM batAte haiM, usake lie jAsUsI karate haiM, ve rASTra kI kabra khodate haiM, aise para-rASTramukhI loga prAyaH rASTradroha kA kArya karate haiN| . ___ bhArata meM jaba se rASTradharma-pAlana ke prati logoM meM upekSAbhAva AyA, taba se rASTra kI avanati huI hai / jo loga apane rASTra kI rakSA ke badale apanI vyaktigata rakSA karanA cAhate haiM, ve jahAja meM hote hae cheda ko banda na karake svayaM bacane kI jhaThI AzA karate haiN| rASTra ke prati isa prakAra kI upekSA yA udAsInatA kA kAraNa rASTradharma kI mahattA kA ajJAna hai| jananI aura janma-bhUmi donoM mAtAe~ haiN| rASTra bhI mAtA ke samAna hai, usa rASTramAtA ke prati kRtajJa na rahakara rASTra kI sevA-bhakti, surakSA, svadeza-gaurava, svArpaNa kI bhAvanA ko tilAMjali denA kathamapi ucita nahIM hai|
Page #355
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ dharma ke vividha svarUpa | 37 - 'rASTra ko rakSA meM hamArI rakSA hai, rASTra ke vinAza meM hamArA vinAza hai'-isa rASTradharma ke maMtra ko hRdaya meM aMkita karake pratyeka rASTra- . vAsI ko calanA hai| svayaM bhagavAn RSabhadeva ne zra ta-cAritradharma se pahale grAmadharma, nagaradharma, rASTradharma Adi kI sthApanA kI thii| isase spaSTa hai ki rASTradharma ke vinA zru tacAritra-dharma Tika nahIM skeNge| ataH tha ta-cAritradharma ke pAlana ke lie prathama rASTradharma kA pAlana karanA Avazyaka hai| ___sthAnAMgasUtra meM batAyA gayA hai ki zra ta-cAritradharma kA aMgIkAra karane vAle sAdhakoM ke lie pAMca vastuoM kA AdhAra lenA par3atA hai, yathA--- SaTakAya, gaNa, rAjA (rAjya yA rASTra), gRhapati aura zarIra / yahA~ rAjAzabda kA tAtparyAtha hai-rAjya yA rASTra athavA rASTrIya vyavasthA (rAjya prabandha) / jahA~ rASTrIya prabandha acchA nahIM hotA, vahA~ corI, hiMsA, bhraSTAcAra, anAcAra, atyAcAra Adi kukarma phaila jAte haiN| aisI sthiti meM zruta-caritra dharma kA samucita rUpa meM pAlana nahIM ho skegaa| rASTradharma ke pAlana ke binA rASTrIya suvyavasthA acchI nahIM ho sakatI / rASTra kI suvyavasthA ke binA sAdhAraNa janatA kI cora Adi duSToM se sarakSA nahIM ho sakatI, na hI munigaNa zAntipUrvaka apanA zra ta-cAritradharma pAlana kara sakate haiM / ataH rASTradharma rASTra ke pratyeka koTi ke vyakti ke lie atyAvazyaka hai| (4) pASaNDa dharma mUla sUtra meM 'pAsaMDadhalme' zabda hai, isake do rUpAntara saMskRta meM kiye gae haiM--pASaNDadhama aura pAkhaNDa dharma / prastuta meM prathama rUpa hI upayukta lagatA hai| kyoMki pAkhaNDa zabda vartamAna meM prAyaH DhoMga, tiMga, dambha Adi arthoM meM prayukta hone lagA hai| ataH 'pAkhaNDa' zabda ke isa artha ke sAtha dharma kA koI mela ho nahIM hai / bhagavAn mahAvIra ko pAkhaNDa dharma batAne kI koI AvazyakatA bhI nahIM thii| pASaNDa zabda ke vibhinna artha dazavakAlika sUtra' ke dvitIya adhyayana ko niyukti kI TIkA 1 jambUdvIpaprajJapti sUtra prathama vakSaskAra 2 'dhammassa NaM caramANassa paMca NissA ThANA paNNattA, taMjahA-chakkAyA, gaNe, rAyA, gAhAvaI, sarIre / ' -sthAnAMga, sthAna 5, sU. 448
Page #356
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 38 | jaina tattvakalikA : tRtIya kalikA meM 'pASaNDa' zabda kA 'vrata' artha kiyA hai, jo yahA~ bahuta hI susaMgata . lagatA hai| agara pAkhaNDa kA artha dambha yA kapaTa hI yahA~ mAnA jAe to samyaktva ke pA~ca aticAroM meM 'parapASaNDa (pAkhaNDa) prazaMsA' aura 'parapASaNDa (pAkhaNDa) saMstava' nAmaka jo antima do aticAra haiM, unake pUrva 'para' vizeSaNa lagAne kI kyA AvazyakatA thI? kevala pAkhaNDa zabda se hI kAma cala jAtA / ataH pAkhaNDa yA pASaNDa zabda kA artha yahA~ bhI 'dambha, kapaTa karanA' zAstrasammata nahIM hai| ___ sthAnAMgasUtra meM 'pASaNDa dharma' kA ullekha milatA hai, vahA~ usakA artha kiyA gayA hai-'vratadhAriyoM kA dharma' / praznavyAkaraNasUtra ke dvitIya saMvaradvAra meM aNega pASaNDipariggahiyaM' zabda kA artha kiyA hai-- nAnA prakAra ke vratadhAriyoM dvArA aMgIkRta / ' ina saba dRSTikoNoM se tathA dharma ke sAtha saMgati biThAne kI dRSTi se pASaNDadharma kA artha 'vratadharma' hI upayukta lagatA hai| . vratadharma kA artha hai-dharma-pAlana karane ke lie dRr3ha nizcaya karanA athavA ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya, aparigraha, svAdendriya-nigraha, Adi jo-jo vrata, pratyAkhyAna yA niyama dhAraNa kiye hoM, una para dRr3ha rhnaa| zAstrakAroM ne grAmadharma, nagaradharma aura rASTradharma kA samucita pAlama karane ke lie dRr3ha nizcaya-rUpa vratadharma kI AvazyakatA svIkAra kI hai| . isake atirikta dazavakAlika sUtra meM (zramaNa) zabda ko vyAkhyA karate hue 'pASaNDI' zabda 'vratadhArI' artha meM prayukta kiyA gayA hai| ___ pAkhaNDa zabda ke 'vrata' artha kI saMgati karate hue AcArya kahate haiMpAkhaNDa kI vyutpatti hai-'pApAna khaNDayatIti pAkhaNDaH' jo pApoM kA khaNDana karatA hai-pApoM kA nAza karatA hai, pApa se bacAtA hai, vaha pAkhaNDa hai| dUsarI bAta, pAkhaNDadharma yAnI vratadharma grAma, nagara aura rASTra meM phailane vAle dambha-adharma ko rokatA hai aura dharmabhAvanA jAgRta karatA hai / 1 pASaNDaM vratamityAhustadyasyAstyamalaM bhuvi / sa pASaNDI vadantyanye karmapAzAd vinirgataH / / -dazavai0 niyukti 148 kI TIkA 2 aneka pASaNDiparigRhItam --nAnAvidhatibhiraMgIkRtam / -praznavyAkaraNa dvi0 saMvaradvAra
Page #357
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ dhana ke vividha svarUpa | 36 agara pAkhaNDa dharma se dharma pracAra ke badale adharma phailatA hai, to use dharma kaise kahA jA sakatA hai ? ataeva pAkhaNDadharma dharma kI rakSA aura adharma kA nAza karatA hai| isa vratadharma ke mAhAtmya se dharmazIla manuSyoM meM dRr3ha nizcaya, AtmavizvAsa, nirbhayatA evaM sthiratA kI zakti tathA sphUrti kA vikAsa hotA hai, jisase vaha samaya Ane para kaThora se kaThora vratoM kA pAlana kara sakatA hai| vratadharma kA pAlaka vyakti maMtrI, kSamA, Atmaupamya, dayA Adi sadguNoM tathA apane praNa se, cAhe jitanA saMkaTa, vighna, yahA~ taka ki mRtyu kA prasaMga bhI kyoM na Ae, nahIM htttaa| aise vratadharmI prANaviyoga kI sthiti ho to bhI meru ke samAna apane vrata-praNa yA pratijJA para aTala rahate haiN| vratadharmI kA mahAn dhama yahI hai ki mahApuruSoM yA prazAstA-sthaviroM dvArA nirdhArita dharma-maryAdAoM kA kadApi ullaMghana na kreN| aisA suvrato samAja aura deza ke caraNoM meM apane jIvana ko bali dekara bhI anyAya kA pratIkAra aura nyAya kI rakSA karatA hai| - aMgIkRta vrata-niyamA, tyAga-tapa-pratyAkhyAna, praNa, pratijJA Adi ko antima zvAsa taka pUrNa rUpa se nibhAnA, usake pAlana meM dRr3ha rahanA hI vratadharma kA tAtparya hai| kaThinAiyoM, musIbatoM, asuvidhAoM, azubha icchAoM evaM Atma-durbalatA ko jItane ke lie tathA nizcaya para aTala rahakara Atmazakti bar3hAne ke lie vratadhama kI nitAnta AvazyakatA hai| 'jahA~ taka bana par3egA, pAlana karUMgA', isa prakAra ke udgAra durbalatA, kAyaratA, AtmavizvAsa kI kamI, zubhanizcaya meM bAdhaka ke sUcaka haiN| aise loga choTese-choTe niyama para bhI dRr3ha nahIM raha sakate, unakA mana bAta-bAta meM Dhaccupaccu aura saMzayagrasta banA rahatA hai| .pAkhaNDadharma meM laukika aura lokotara, donoM prakAra ke vratoM ke pAlana athavA dRr3ha nizcaya kA samAveza ho jAtA hai| jaise sAdhu jIvana meM vratoM kA dRr3hatApUrvaka pAlana hotA hai, vaise gRhastha-jIvana meM bhI vratoM kA dRr3hatApUrvaka pAlana ho sakatA hai| (5) kuladharma parijanoM kA samUha kula kahalAtA hai| ghara aura kuTumba se Age kA 1 dekheM-'gihivAse vi subvae'.. . -uttarAdhyayana sUtra a. 5, gA. 24
Page #358
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 40 | jaina tattvakalikA tRtIya kalikA parijana samUha kula kahalAtA hai| parijanoM kA eka sarIkhA dharmAnukUla AcAra-vicAra, vyavahAra aura paramparAgata kArya - kuladharma kahalAtA hai / jaise - jina kuloM kA ahiMsA dharma ke anukUla yaha svAbhAvika dharmasaMskAra hai ki mAMsa bhakSaNa na karanA, madyapAna na karanA, zikAra na karanA, parastrIgamana yA vezyAgamana na karanA, juA na khelanA, corI na karanA, kisI se yAcanA karake na mAMganA - hAtha na pasAranA, dAna denA, antima samaya nikaTa Ate ho gArhasthya - prapaMca chor3akara Atmadharma meM pravRtta honA Adi / ye saba kuladharma haiM / zikAra khelanA, juA khelanA, pazubali karanA Adi kula dharma nahIM kahe jA sakate, kyoMki inameM zuddha dharma kA puTa nahIM hai / ataH kuladharma kI kasauTI hai - jisa AcAra-vicAra se, jisa vyavahAra aura kArya se kula kI pratiSThA, zAna, khAnadAnI aura mAna-maryAdA bar3hatI hai, kula U~cA uThatA hai, kula meM kulInatA AtI hai, vaha AcAra-vicAra, vyavahAra aura kArya kuladharma hai / jisa vyavahAra se parijanasamUha yA samAja meM jAti-gata ucca nIcatA, spRzyAspRzyatA, viSamatA, vargavigraha, avyavasthA Adi utpanna hoM, use kuladharma nahIM, kintu 'kulakalaMka' kahA jAnA cAhie / x aba taka cAra prakAra ke dharmoM meM saMskAritA, nAgarikatA, rASTrIyatA aura dharmazIlatA ke pArasparika sambandha kA vicAra kiyA thA, kintu ina cAroM prakAra ke dharmoM kA vikAsa mAnava samAja meM kahA~ se, kaise aura kaba se hotA hai ? isa para gaharAI se vicAra karane para yaha bAta spaSTa pratIta hotI hai ki uparyukta dharmoM kA udbhava sthAna gRhasaMskAra haiM, mAtA-pitA ke sadvyavahAra va sadAcaraNa se gRhasaMskAra sudharate haiM / ye hI gRhasaMskAra sudharate-sudharate bAlaka ke zaizavakAla se kizorAvasthA ko prApta hone para kauTumbika saMskAroM ke rUpa meM pariNata hote jAte haiM / usake pazcAt bAlaka kI umra aura buddhi kA vikAsa hone ke sAtha-sAtha ve kauTumbika saMskAra vistIrNa hokara kulasaMskAra ke rUpa meM pariNata hote jAte haiM / isalie kuladharma ke pAlana ke lie kula saMskAroM kA sudhAranA Avazyaka hotA hai tathA kula saMskAroM ko vizuddha banAne ke lie sarvaprathama gRhasaMskAra aura kauTumbika saMskAroM ko sudhAranA Avazyaka hai / kuladharma kA mahattva pUrvokta cAroM dharmoM tathA lokottara zruta cAritra dharmoM ke pAlana meM, samAja kI sukha-zAnti bar3hAne meM kuladharma kA bahuta ho mahattvapUrNa hAtha hai / Aja samAja aura rASTra meM bhraSTAcAra, anAcAra evaM azAnti hai, tathA saMpUrNa
Page #359
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ dharma ke vividha svarUpa | 41 vizva meM bhI jo azAnti hai, avyavasthA hai, usakA kAraNa kuladharma kI avahelanA hai / kuladharma ke samyak pAlana se samAja, rASTra aura vizva kA kalyANa ho sakatA hai / kula eka prAthamika ikAI hai, usase sambaddha dharma grAmadharmAdi kI utpatti ke lie Avazyaka hai / 1 kuladharma kA vyApaka kSetra kuladharma kA kSetra kAphI vistRta hai / vaha mukhyatayA do bhAgoM meM ba~TA huA hai - (1) laukika kuladharma aura (2) lokottara kuladharma | laukika kuladharma meM mAtA-pitA, kuTumba - kabIlA evaM usa kula (vaMza) . ke anya gurujanoM kI dharmAnukUla AjJA evaM kula paramparA kA pAlana karate hue vaMzavRddhi kA, vaMzapAlana kA vaMza kI vyavasthA kA, tathA lokajIvana kI samucita zikSA-dIkSA kA kula ke susaMskAroM kI surakSA aura vRddhi kA samAveza hotA hai / kulasthavira kula meM sukha-zAnti, samRddhi aura saMskAra zuddhi ke lie dharmAnukUla kucha niyamopaniyama evaM AcAra-vicAra paddhati nizcita karate haiM / unake anurUpa pravRtti karanA bhI kuladharma kA pAlana hai / laukika kuladharma aura lokottara kuladharma, donoM kI zikSA-dIkSA kI paddhati meM bhale hI antara pratIta hotA ho, lekina donoM kA Adarza eka hI haimAnava samAja meM sukha-zAnti sthApita karanA / laukika kuladharma isa Adarza para pahu~cane ke lie zubha nItidharmAnukula pravRttimArga kA vidhAna karatA hai, aura lokottara kuladharma dharmAnurUpa zubha nivRtti-mArga kA / yaha zubha pravRtti aura zubha nivRtti donoM milakara dharma kA paripUrNa rUpa hotA hai / yadyapi pravRtti mArga kI apekSA, nivRtti mArga adhika sIdhA lagatA hai, parantu AcaraNa meM vaha atyanta kaThina hai, jabaki pravRtti mArga Ter3hA-mer3hA hone para bhI sagama hai / satpravRtti dvArA kula ke Adarza ko unnata banAnA pApamaya nahIM hai, kintu zubha adhyavasAyapUrvaka saccI kulInatA prApta karanA dharmamaya kArya hai / isalie laukika kuladharma kA samyak prakAra se pAlana karane vAlA saccA kuladharmI apane kula paramparAgata sadvyavahAra kA tyAga nahIM kara sakatA / kuladharmI bhUkhA mara jAegA, magara udara kI jvAlA ko zAnta karane ke lie corI, jArI yA asatya kA AcaraNa karanA kadApi pasanda nahIM karegA / manuSya ke kuladharma kI kasauTI bhI vipatti par3ane para hotI hai / nIca kula meM janma lene mAtra se koI nIca nahIM kahalAtA, apitu asatpravRtti karane vAlA hI nIca kahalAtA hai / satpravRtti dvArA caritra ucca banAne vAlA
Page #360
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 42 | jaina tattvakalikA : tRtIya kalikA uccakulIna khlaaegaa| hA~, agara kulaparamparAgata dharmAnurUpa AcAra-vicAra meM koI truTi utpanna ho gaI ho to kulasthavira dIrgha-dRSTi se socakara usakA nivAraNa karane kA prayatna karate haiN| lokottara kula kahate haiM--eka guru ke vistRta ziSya parivAra ko / eka guru ke ziSyoM kA jo paraspara vandanAdi vyavahAra hai, zAstravAcanA, AhArapAnI ke AdAna-pradAna kA jo sambandha hai, athavA gaccha yA saMghAr3e ke rUpa meM jo samAcArI hai, athavA tapa, svAdhyAya, dhyAna, vyutsarga Adi jo kulaparamparAgata kriyAe~ haiM, niyamopaniyama haiM, ve saba lokottara kuladharma ke antargata haiN| dIrghadarzI kulasthaviroM ke dvArA dravya-kSetra-kAla-bhAva aura paristhiti dekhakara sAdhu saMsthA ke niyamopaniyamoM meM jo saMzodhana-parivardhana kiyA jAtA hai; ve bhI kuladharma haiM, aura ukta lokottara kula ke sAdhugaNa ko unakA pAlana karanA caahie| agara lokottara kula kA koI sAdhaka svacchanda hokara kuladharma kA ullaMghana karatA hai to kulasthavira kA karttavya hai ki vaha use saceSTa karake punaH kuladharma ke patha para le aae| laukika aura lokottara donoM hI prakAra ke kuladharmoM kA dhyeya, lokajIvana ko saphala banAte hue, yathAzakti zruta-cAritradharma kA pAlana karake mokSa pahu~canA hai| (6) gaNadharma aneka kuloM ke samUha ko gaNa kahate haiM / gaNa ke pratyeka sadasya kA gaNa ke prati baphAdAra rahanA, gaNa-sthavira dvArA nirdhArita nIti-rIti, evaM sadAcAra ke niyamoM kA pAlana karanA, gaNa ke kisI sadasya para koI jabardasta vyakti anyAya-atyAcAra karatA ho, satAtA ho, usa samaya ukta nibala gaNa-sadasya kI sahAyatA karanA, use nyAya dilAnA, balidAna dekara bhI anyAya-atyAcAra kA pratIkAra karanA, gaNadharma hai| - prAcIna kAla meM bhArata meM gaNatantra paddhati thii| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke yuga meM nau mallI aura nau licchavI jAti ke aThAraha gaNarAjyoM kA gaNatantra itihAsa meM prasiddha thaa| aThAraha gaNarAjyoM ke gaNatantra kI yaha khUbI thI ki vaha sabaloM dvArA satAI jAne vAlI nibala evaM pIr3ita janatA ko pIDAmukta karAne ke lie, usakI sukha-zAnti kI vyavasthA karane ke lie tana-mana-dhana ko nyauchAvara karane meM nahIM hicakatA thaa| asahAyoM kI sahAyatA karane meM vaha apanA gaurava samajhatA thaa| vaizAlI gaNatantra ke saMcAlaka, jinheM zAstrIya bhASA meM gaNasthavira
Page #361
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ dharma ke vividha svarUpa | 43 kaha sakate haiM, rAjA ceTaka the / koNika rAjA kA choTA bhAI vihallakumAra, Sator dvArA hAra aura secanaka hAthI kI jabarana mA~ga aura dhamakI ke kAraNa rAjA ceTaka (apane mAtA - maha) kI zaraNa meM Akara rahane lagA / jaba ceTaka ko koNika ke anyAya kA patA calA to unhoMne aThAraha gaNarAjoM ko ekatra karake koNika ke atyAcAra kA pratIkAra karane ke lie parAmarza mA~gA / aThAraha gaNarAjoM ne koNika rAjA ke atyAcAra ke viruddha apanA virodha prakaTa kiyA aura yaha vacana diyA ki agara yuddha kA avasara AyA to gaNatantra ke samasta rAjA milakara gaNatantra saMcAlaka ceTaka rAjA kI sahAyatA kareMge / isa prakAra gaNadharma ke pAlana ke lie samasta gaNarAjoM ne apane prANoM kI bAjI lagAne kA nizcaya kara liyA thA / gaNadharma meM asIma zakti vidyamAna hai / gaNatantra paddhati se calAye jAne vAle gaNarAjya samasta gaNarAjyoM kI eka AcAra saMhitA hotI thI, koI gaNarAjya kisI dUsare kI bhUmi har3apane yA anyAya-atyAcAra kA duSkRtya nahIM kara sakatA thA, na hI janatA para anyAya-adharmapUrNa niyama thopa sakatA thA / saba gaNarAjoM athavA gaNapramukhoM kA zAsanakAla niyata samaya taka kA hI hotA thA / gaNarAja kA cunAva janatA kI sammati se huA karatA thA / ' gaNadharma rASTradharma kA prANa hai / gaNadharma kA pAlana tabhI sucAru rUpa se ho sakatA hai, jabaki gaNarAjya kA pratyeka sabhya (nAgarika) gaNadharma ke pAlana ke lie saceSTa rahe, samaya Ane para gaNarAjya ke lie sabhI prakAra kA tyAga karane ko kaTibaddha ho, gaNarAjya para vipatti Ane para apane nijI svArthI aura matabhedoM ko tilAMjali dekara gaNarAjya, samAja evaM rASTra ke lie apanA balidAna dene taka ke lie taiyAra ho / gaNadharma ke bhI kuladharma kI taraha do prakAra haiM-laukika gaNadharma aura lokottara gaNadharma | laukika gaNadharma ke viSaya meM hama Upara kaha Ae haiM / lokottara gaNadharma sAdhuoM athavA kucha aMzoM meM dezavirata zrAvakoM ke dvArA AcaraNIya hotA hai / yahA~ gaNa sAdhuoM ke aneka kuloM ke samUha kA nAma hai / aise gaNa kA jo dharma hai, AcAra-vicAra haiM, niyamopaniyama haiM, jo bhI sundara zubha paramparA hai, vaha gaNadharma kahalAtA hai / sAdhuoM ke gaNa meM padavIdhara hote haiM - ( 1 ) AcArya, (2) upAdhyAya, (3) gaNI, (4) gaNAvacchedaka, (5) pravataka aura (6) sthavira | chaha 1 dekhiye, nirayAvalikA sUtra meM gaNarAjyoM kA varNana /
Page #362
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 44 | jaina tattvakalikA : tRtIya kalikA (1) AcArya kA gaNadharma-yaha hai ki gaNa (gaccha) kI bhalIbhA~ti rakSA karate hue gaNa meM jJAnavRddhi karate hue jJAnAcAra meM puruSArtha kare, samyaktvavizuddhi ke upAya sIkhate-sikhAte hue darzanAcAra meM puruSArtha kare, gaNa meM cAritra kI vizuddhi karate hue cAritrAcAra meM puruSArtha kare, tapa-AcAra kA pracAra kare tathA tapa, saMyama kI vRddhi ke lie prayatna kre| (2) upAdhyAya kA gaNadharma - yaha hai ki gaNa ke sAdhusAdhvIgaNa ko sUtra aura artha kI vAcanA dekara vidvAn banAveM, yathAsambhava gaccha meM jJAna pracAra kreN| (3) gaNI kA gaNadharma hai-gaNa meM sAdhakoM dvArA ho rahI kriyAoM kA nirIkSaNa-sarvekSaNa karate raheM / gaNa meM ho rahI azubha kriyAoM ko sAvadhAnI se dUra kreN| (4) gaNAvacchedaka kA gaNadharma hai- muniyoM ko sAtha lekara deza-paradeza se gaNa ke sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke lie kalpanIya dharmopakaraNa (vastra, pAtra tathA jJAna sAmagrI-pustakAdi) juTAveM aura sAdhusAdhvI kI AvazyakatAnusAra vitaraNa kareM tAki gaNa surakSita rhe| (5) pravartaka kA gaNadharma hai ki vaha apane sAtha rahane vAle muniyoM ko AcAra-vicAra meM pravRtta evaM prazikSita kreN| kahIM sAdhuoM kA sammelana, goSThI yA saMgIti ho to vahA~ padhArane vAle munivaroM ko AhAra-pAnI, auSadha Adi lAkara de, unakI sevAzuzrUSA vaiyAvRtya meM dattacitta rheN| (6) sthavira kA gaNadharma-yaha hai ki jo AtmAe~ yA gaNa ke jo sAdhaka dharma se patita, vicalita evaM bhraSTa ho rahe hoM, unheM dharma meM sthira kreN| jina logoM ne abhI taka dharma kA svarUpa nahIM samajhA hai, unheM dharma kA svarUpa samajhAkara dharmapatha para ArUr3ha kreN| yadyapi 'gaNadhara' nAmaka eka padavI bhI hotI hai, parantu vaha zrI tIrthakaradeva ke vidyamAna hone para hI hotI hai, kyoMki jo tIrthaMkaradeva kA paTTaziSya (pramukha antevAsI) hotA hai, vahI gaNadhara kahalAtA hai| lokottara gaNa meM jo padavIdhArI munivara hoM, ve ho 'gaNasthavira' kahalAne yogya haiN| ve lokottara gaNa meM jJAna-darzana-cAritra evaM tapa-saMyama kI unnati evaM vRddhi ke lie tathA gaNavAsI sAdhu-sAdhvIgaNa zAntipUrvaka saMyamavRtti kI ArAdhanA karake sugati ke adhikAro baneM, isa hetu se tadanusAra sAdhu-samAcArI kA nirmANa kareM, niyamopaniyama bnaaeN|
Page #363
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ dharma ke vividha svarUpa | 45 gaNavAsI samasta sAdhusAdhviyoM kA bhI karttavya hai ki ve gaNa evaM gaNasthavira ke prati vinIta, AjJAkArI evaM vaphAdAra raheM, gaNa ke paramparAgata AcAra-vicAra kA samucita rUpa se pAlana kareM, gaNa ke pratikUla gaNa meM phUTa DAlane kA yA gaNa kI AcArasaMhitA se viparIta kArya na kareM / lokottaragaNa meM sAdhu-sAdhvIgaNa kI taraha zrAvaka-zrAvikagaNa bhI praviSTa hote haiM aura unheM bhI uparyukta prakAra se gaNadharma kA pAlana karanA anivArya hotA hai / upAsaka dazAMga sUtra ke prathama adhyayana meM vaNana AtA hai ki Ananda zramaNopAsaka ne bhagavAn mahAvIra ke samakSa pratijJA dhAraNa karate hue unase nivedana kiyA ki 'maiM Aja se grahaNa kiye gae vratoM aura niyamoM kA pAlana chaha prakAra ke AgAra (chUTa) rakhakara kruuNgaa|' una chaH kAraNoM meM se eka kAraNa 'gaNAbhiogeNaM' (gaNAbhiyoga) bhI hai / arthAt agara 'gaNa' athavA 'gaNAdhipati' kA vizeSa anurodha ho to mujhe vaha kArya karaNIya hogA, usase merA gRhIta vrataniyama khaNDita nahIM samajhA jAegA / isase spaSTa hai ki dhArmika vrata niyamoM ko grahaNa karate samaya bhI 'gaNadharma' yA 'gaNa' kA vizeSa dhyAna rakhA jAtA thA ki kahIM mere kAraNa gaNa meM phUTa na par3a jAe, athavA gaNa kA gaurava kAma na ho jAe / laukika gaNa zabda Ajakala 'birAdarI' artha meM pracalita hai / birAdarI kA 'caudharI' yA 'sarapaMca' gaNasthavira samajhA jAtA hai / ataH jaise kuladharma ThIka ho jAne para 'gaNadharma' bhI bhalIbhA~ti cala sakatA hai, vaise hI gaNadharma ThIka hone para rASTradharma yA saMgha (samAja) dharma kA bhalIbhA~ti pAlana ho ho sakatA hai / isa prakAra laukika gaNa bhI samAja aura rASTra kI saba prakAra se unnati karatA huA laukika gaNadharma ke pAlana se saba prakAra kI sukha-zAnti prApta karatA hai, vaise hI lokottara gaNa bhI AdhyAtmika unnati karatA huA lokottara gaNadharma ke pAlana se yahA~ dhArmika saMgha meM saba prakAra kI suvyavasthA se sukha-zAnti prApta karatA huA mokSa ke akSaya sukha ko prApta karatA hai / (7) saMghadharma vyaktiyoM kA yA gaNoM kA samUha 'saMgha' kahalAtA hai / yaha samUha samAna AcAra, vicAra aura vyavahAra tathA samAna sabhyatA aura saMskRti ko lekara banatA hai athavA banAyA jAtA hai| aisA samAnadharmA saMgha vartamAna yuga meM samAja ( athavA maNDala, pariSad, saMsthA, saMsthAna yA sabhA, sosAiTI) kahalAtA hai /
Page #364
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 46 | jaina tattvakalikA : tRtIya kalikA aise saMgha (samUha) dvArA vyaktigata svArthoM ko tilAMjali dekara samaSTi ke hita aura zreya ke lie jo niyamopaniyama banAye jAte haiM, AcAra saMhitA kA gaThana kiyA jAtA hai, una niyamopaniyamoM yA AcArasaMhitA ko saMghadharma kahate haiN| saMgha kI virATa zakti saMgha (samUha) meM apAra zakti hai| eka vyakti kI zakti cAhe jitanI hI kyoM na ho, vaha kRtakArya nahIM ho sakatI, kintu jaba aneka vyaktiyoM kI bikharI huI zaktiyoM ko ekatra karake saMgha-rUpa meM pariNata (saMgaThanabaddha) kara diyA jAtA hai, taba vaha bar3e-bar3e asambhava mAne jAne vAle kAryoM ko kara sakatI hai / nItikAra bhI saMghazakti kI mahattA svIkAra karate hue kahate haiMnagaNya samajhe jAne vAle thor3e-se puruSoM kI saMhati (saMgaThana) kalyANakAriNI hotI hai| jaise, tinakoM jaisI tUccha vastuoM ko ekatra karake unakA rassA banA diyA jAe to bar3e-bar3e matavAle hAthiyoM ko bA~dhane meM samartha hotA hai / ataH saMghazakti mahAn kAryoM ko alpa samaya meM siddha kara sakatI hai| _jaba nirjIva samajhI jAne vAlI vastuoM kA saMgaThana adbhuta kArya karake dikhA sakatA hai to viveka-buddhi-sampanna mAnava-jAti kI saMgha zakti kA to kahanA hI kyA ? rASTra, gaNa, samAja aura dharma ke taMtra kA saMcAlana saMghazakti ke bala se hI calatA hai| kArya choTA ho yA bar3A, usakI saphalatA yA siddhi ke lie saMghazakti parama Avazyaka hai| parantu eka bAta nizcita hai ki manuSyoM kI saMgaThita zakti ko yathArtha aura dhama-nIti kA dizAnirdeza na mile to vaha saMgaThita zakti viparIta dizA meM cala par3atI hai, phira vaha saMgaThita zakti yA to paraspara lar3ane-bhir3ane, apaneapane kartavyoM ko bhUlakara adhikAroM ke lie saMgharSa karane meM samApta ho jAtI hai, athavA phira nirbaloM ko dabAne, satAne yA cUsane meM yA pIr3itapadadalita karane meM lagatI hai| aisI saMgha-dharmavihIna saMgha zakti se kalyANa to dUra rahA, prAyaH akalyANa hI hotA hai| isIlie yahA~ saMghadharma se yukta saMghazakti kA hI samarthana hai| 1 .saMghezaktiH klauyuge| 2 saMhatiH zreyasI pusAM svakularalpakairapi / alpAnamapi vastUnAM saMhatiH kAryasAdhikA / tRNairguNatvamApanna baidhyante mattadantinaH / / -hitopadeza
Page #365
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ dharma ke vividha svarUpa | 47 saMghazakti ko saMghadharma se anuprANita karane se vaha pArasparika saMgharSa, adhikAra prApti ke kalaha, vaimanasya se baca jAtI hai, anuzAsita aura kartavyatatpara rahatI hai, sAtha hI ukta saMgha evaM saMghasthavira ke prati zraddhAzIla evaM vaphAdAra rahakara saMghasthavira dvArA saMghahita ke lie banAye hue niyamopaniyamoM evaM AcAra-vicAroM kA pAlana karane ko udyata rahatI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki dUradarzI dharmaprANa saMghasthavira bauddhika, zArIrika, AdhyAtmika, Arthika, rAjanaitika Adi vividha zaktiyoM aura kSamatAoM vAle sadasyoM ko saMgaThita karake unakI zaktiyoM aura kSamatAoM ko vibhinna viniyojita karate haiM tAki pArasparika saMgharSa aura kalaha meM unakI zaktiyoM ko durupayoga na ho, sAtha hI saMgha ke vibhinna ghaTakoM (bAlaka, vRddha, yuvaka, strI-puruSa Adi) kA samanvaya karake saMgha dharma- pAlana meM kendrita kare, tAki saMgharSa ko vivekapUrvaka dUra kiyA jA sake / saMghadharma kA dhyeya saMghadharma kA dhyeya vyakti ke zra eya ke sAtha-sAtha samaSTi ke zra eya kA sAdhana karanA hai / samaSTi ke hita ke lie jaba vyakti-hita kA balidAna Avazyaka ho, taba vyaktigata hita ko gauNa karake samaSTigata hita-sAdhana karanA saMghadharma kA dhyeya bana jAtA hai / saMghadharma ko vyavasthita rakhane kA uttaradAyitva saMgha ke pratyeka sadasya para rahatA hai / gaNadharma kI taraha saMghadharma ke bhI laukika aura lokottara, yo do bheda hote haiM / laukika saMghadharsa laukika saMghadharma ke sambandha meM TIkAkAra kahate haiM - saMghadharma kA artha hai-- goSThI - arthAt sabhA, maMDalI, maMDala, saMsthA, pariSad yA saMgha kI samAcArI AcArasaMhitA athavA vidhAna aura niyamAvalI | laukika saMghadharma ke kaI aMga haiM / jaise ki - akhila bhAratIya rASTrIya mahAsabhA (A. I. National Congress), athavA jaina mahAmaNDala, mahAsabhA, saMgha (sthAnakavAsI Adi paramparAoM kI dharma - saMsthA), athavA anya koI sArvajanika saMsthA yA zrAvaka saMgha Adi / laukika saMghadharma ke antargata rASTrIya, sAmAjika, dhArmika, sAMskRtika evaM Arthika saMgaThana ho sakate haiM, bazarte ki unameM naitikatA, ahiMsA, satyAdi, dharma- nyAya Adi kA puTa ho, tathA ve sampUrNa rASTra se sambaMndhita ho| jisameM kisI eka hI varga samAja yA jAti kA vicAra kiyA jAtA ho use kuladharma bhale hI kahA jA sake vaha samagra rASTra kA saMghadharma nahIM ho sakatA / saMghadharma ke anusAra jisa saMsthA yA sabhA kI sthApanA kI jAtI hai,
Page #366
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 48 | jaina tattvakalikA : tRtIya kalikA usameM samaSTi ke hita ke viruddha, vyakti vizeSa yA varga vizeSa ke hita kA vicAra nahIM kiyA jAtA / isake viparIta samaSTihita ko jokhima meM DAlakara vyaktigata yA vargagata hita kA vicAra karanA saMghadharma kI jar3a ukhAr3anA hai / jisa paddhati yA kArya se samaSTi kA zra eya aura hita surakSita hotA ho, usI meM saMghadharma kI mahattA aura zobhA hai / saMghadharma ko jIvana meM utArane ke lie saMgha ke pratyeka sadasya ko dAyitvapUrvaka saMgha ke niyamopaniyamoM kA pAlana karanA Avazyaka hai / saMgha, samAja kI pratinidhi saMsthA hai| saMgha ke zra eya aura sammAna meM hI merA zra eya aura sammAna hai, isa svarNasUtra ko bhUlakara svArthavaza jo vyakti saMghadharma ko bhaMga karatA hai, vaha saMghadharma kA nAzaka hai / laukika saMghadharma meM lokavyavahAra calAne ke lie naitika AcAra-vyavahAra, sAmUhika taMtra kA gaThana aura lokottara saMghadharma se aviruddha sambandha kA samAveza ho jAtA hai / yadyapi laukika saMghadharma aura lokottara saMghadharma ke niyamopaniyama aura AcAra-vyavahAra bhinna bhinna haiM, tathApi donoM prakAra ke saMghadharma nIti-dharma ko lekara paraspara atyadhika sambaddha haiM / ina donoM ko ekAnta bhinna nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / balki laukika saMghadharma kA bhalIbhA~ti pAlana kiyA jAe to lokottara saMghadharma bhI vyavasthita rUpa se calegA / 1 kucha loga laukika saMghadharma ke saMgaThana ko, tathA saMghadharma ke dvArA kiye jAne vAle kAryoM ko Arambha samArambhajanaka tathA ekAnta pApa batalAte haiM / aise loga bhrama meM haiM / jisa laukika saMghadharma ke pAlana se manuSya samAja nIca karmoM, kuvyasanoM, mahArambha - mahAparigraharUpa pApakarmoM kA tyAga karake amuka maryAdA meM dharma kA pAlana karatA hai, vivAhAdi kAryoM meM nIti-dharma kI maryAdAoM ko surakSita rakhatA hai, sAtha hI jisase saMsAra kA abhyudaya, puNyasaMcaya hotA hai aura zruta cAritradharma ke lie kSetra taiyAra hotA hai, usa laukika saMghadharma ko ekAnta pApa kahanA kathamapi ucita nahIM kahA jA sakatA / tAtparya yaha hai ki lokavyavahAra meM karaNIya kAryoM ko ekAnta pApa kahakara loga tyAga na deM aura avanati ke mArga para agrasara hokara niraMkuza rUpa se mahAn pApoM kI vRddhi na kareM, naitika aMkuza meM raheM, laukika saMghadharma kI sthApanA kA yahI uddezya hai / lokottara- saMghadharma tIrthaMkaroM ke dvArA gaNasamudAyarUpa cAturvarNya catuvidha zramaNapradhAnasaMgha
Page #367
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ dharma ke vividha svarUpa ] 46 ko lokottara saMgha kahate haiM / yaha cAra prakAra kA hai-sAdhu, sAdhvI, zrAvaka aura zrAvikA / ina cAroM ke samUha kA nAma lokottara saMgha hai| isa caturvidha saMgha meM aneka avAntara bheda ho sakate haiM-jaise- sAdhu. gaNa meM AcArya, upAdhyAya, gaNI, gaNAvacchedaka, pravartaka, sthavira, tapasvI, bahuzra ta tathA sAmAnya sAdhuvarga; sAdhvIgaNa meM bhI sthavirA, pravartinI, sAmAnya AryAe~ Adi; zrAvakagaNa meM zrAvakagaNa ke mukhya-mukhya sthavira tathA sAmAnya thAvakavarga, isI prakAra zrAvikAgaNa meM mukhya-mukhya sthavirA tathA sAmAnya zrAvikAvarga Adi kA samAveza caturvidha saMgha meM ho sakatA hai| isa lokonara saMgha kA dharma arthAt caturvidha saMgha ke sthaviroM dvArA paraspara vicAra vimarza karake saMgha ke zraya, hita aura abhyudaya ke lie dravyakSetra-kAla-bhAva ko dekhakara nirmANa kiye gae niyamopaniyama, samAcAravicAra (samAcArI saMgha dharma kahalAtA hai / arthAt-saMgha ke abhyudaya ke sAthasAtha apane jJAna-darzana-cAritra kI unnati karanA lokottara saMghadharma hai| niSkarSa yaha hai ki jisa dharma ke pAlana se sAdhu-sAdhvI, zrAvakazrAvikArUpa cavidha saMgha kA zreya ho, hita ho, tathA vikAsa ho, vaha lokottarasaMgha kA dharma hai| . lokottara saMgha-dharma meM bhI laukika saMghadharma kI taraha vyaktigata jJAnadarzana-cAritra, tapa-saMyama Adi ke lAbha kA vicAra karate hue bhI mukhyatayA samaSTigata lAbha kA dRSTikoNa hI sAmane rakhanA caahie| ___ isa dRSTi se caturvidha saMgha kA karttavya ho jAtA hai ki vaha saMghahita ke viruddha pravRtti na kare, jo vyakti saMgha kA sadasya hokara bhI saMghahita ke viruddha pravRtti karatA ho, use sahayoga na de| koI vyakti (sAdhuvarga yA zrAvakavarga) saMghadharma ke viruddha apanI vaiyaktika svacchandatA ko lekara prarUpaNA karatA hai, pracAra karatA hai, saMgha meM phUTa DAlatA hai, use bhI saMgha kA drohI samajhakara usako sahayoga na de| isI taraha koI sAdhu-sAdhvI athavA zrAvaka-zrAvikA saMghasthaviroM dvArA sarvahita kI dRSTi se dUradarzitApUrvaka banAe gae niyamopaniyamoM ko bandhana samajhakara unakI AvazyakatA svIkAra nahIM karatA, una niyamoM ko ThukarAtA yA bhaMga karatA hai, saMgha kI avahelanA karatA hai, yA saMgha se bahiSkRta hokara saMgha kI nindA karatA hai, aisA vyakti saMgha kI avinaya-AzAtanA karatA hai, saMgha kA droha karatA hai| lokottara saMghadharma ke pAlaka sAdhakoM kA karttavya hai ki aise vyaktiyoM ko sammAna yA prazraya na deN|
Page #368
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 50 | jaina tattvakalikA : tRtIya kalikA saMgha ke pratyeka sadasya ko zrIsaMgha kI AjJA kA pAlana karanA, saMghadhama kA pAlana karanA hai, kyoMki zAstra meM batAyA hai ki zrIsaMgha kA avinayaapamAna karane vAlA vyakti durlabhabodhi duSkarma kA bandha kara letA hai, jabaki zrIsaMgha ko zraddhA-bhakti, vinaya-bahumAna athavA stuti karane vAlA vyakti sulabhabodhi zubhakarma kA upArjana karatA hai, jisake prabhAva se vaha vyakti jisa yoni meM utpanna hogA, vahA~ dharma-prApti evaM bodhi (samyaktva) prApti sulabha ho jaaegii| saMghadharma kA mahattva zAstra meM saMghadharma kA mahattva vyaktigata zruta-cAritra dharma kI sAdhanA se bhI bar3hakara batAyA hai| udAharaNArtha-koI sAdhu viziSTa abhigraha yA pratijJA dhAraNa karake zratadharma yA cAritradharma kI viziSTa sAdhanA meM tallIna ho, usa samaya zrIsaMgha (lokottara caturvidha saMgha) ko yadi usa sAdhu kI anivArya AvazyakatA par3a jAe aura zrIsaMgha ukta sAdhu ko Amantrita kare yA Adeza (saMghasthaviroM dvArA sarvasammati se nirdhArita) de to usa samaya ukta sAdhu ko apanI vyaktigata viziSTa sAdhanA ko chor3akara zrIsaMgha kA kArya pahale karanA cAhie, arthAt-zrIsaMgha kA Adeza zirodhArya karake usakA AmantraNa svIkAra kara lenA caahie| jaise-pATaliputra nagara meM ekatrita zrIsaMgha ko AcArya bhadrabAhu svAmI kI AvazyakatA par3I to ve apanI yogasAdhanA ko chor3akara saMgha-kArya ke lie pdhaare|' zrIsaMgha para koI vipatti A par3I ho, yA Antarika vigraha utpanna ho gayA ho, athavA koI mahattvapUrNa samasyA ho, usa samaya viziSTa labdhizAlI evaM pratibhAzAlI sAdhu kA karttavya hai ki zrIsaMgha ke AmantraNa para apanI viziSTa sAdhanA ko gauNa karake zrIsaMgha ke Adeza ko pramukhatA de| zAstra kA kathana hai ki guru aura sahamiyoM ko kisI prakAra kI zAnti paha~cAne se karmanirjarA hotI hai, saMgha kI rakSA hotI hai / yahI vastutaH saMghadharma kI rakSA hai|' pUrvAcAryoM ne lokottara 'saMgha' ko bhagavAn mAnakara usakI vividha upamAoM aura pahaluoM se stuti kI hai aura 'namo saMghassa' (saMgha ko namaskAra 1 bhadrabAhu svAmI kI isa kathA ke lie dekheM - 'prabhAvakacaritra' 2 gurusAhammiya-sussUsaNayAe viNayapaDivatti jaNayaI.."maNussa devasuggaio nibNdhi| siddhisoggai ca visohei / -uttarA. 264
Page #369
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ dharma ke vividha svarUpa | 51 ho), saMghamahAmaMdaraM vaMde (saMgharUpI mahAmaMdarAcala ko vandana ho), 'saMghaM gugAyaraM vaMde' (saMgharUpI guNAkara ko vandana ho;) kaha kara saMgha ko vandana-namaskAra kiyA hai / nandIsUtra meM 16 gAthAoM dvArA saMgha kI stuti kI gaI hai|' saMghadharma kA pRthaka varNana kyoM ? yaha prazna samupasthita ho sakatA hai ki zru ta-cAritradharma meM hI saMghadharma kA samAveza ho jAtA hai, phira usakA alaga se varNana karane kI kyA AvazyakatA hai ? isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki thra ta-cAritradharma pratyeka vyakti kA pRthakapRthaka dharma hai, jabaki saMghadharma sabakA (saMgha ke sabhI sadasyoM kA) sAmUhika dharma hai / saMghadharma meM vyakti apane kalyANa ke sAtha-sAtha samasta samAja kA kalyANa, hita aura zreya-sAdhana karatA hai, jabaki saMghadharmavihIna zra tacAritra dharma meM saMgha ke hita ke lie pravRtti nahIM hotI; itanA hI nahIM, saMgha para AI haI vipatti, saMgha-zAnti Adi ke lie prayatna bhI nahIM hotaa| kintu isakA pariNAma yaha hogA ki saMghadharma ke abhAva meM zruta-cAritra-dharma bhI adhika samaya taka Tika nahIM skegaa|| jaise--kisI gA~va ke lUTe jAne para vyakti (grAma kA eka nivAsI) cAhate hue bhI apanI sampatti kI surakSA nahIM kara sakatA, vaise hI saMghadharma kI surakSA na hone para zra ta-cAritradharma rUpa vyaktigata sampatti kI bhI surakSA nahIM ho sakatI / kyoMki saMgha meM na hone se usakI zru tasampatti kI abhivRddhi aura surakSA honI kaThina hai, satya, zIla Adi cAritra sampatti kI rakSA bhI sambhava nahIM hai / ataH zru ta-cAritra-dharma kI rakSA ke lie saMghadharma kI rakSA karanA anivArya hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki jaise zrutadharma aura cAritradharma alaga-alaga haiM, vaise hI saMghadharma una donoM se bhI pRthaka hai| saMghadharma meM bhI sAdhu aura zrAvaka ke dharma meM antara lokottara saMghadharma meM gRhastha aura tyAgI donoM prakAra ke sadasya hote 1 (ka) naMdIsUtra-saMghastuti gA-18, 19 (kha) nagara-raha-cakka-paume, caMde sUre samuddamerummi / jo uvamijjai sayayaM, ta saMgha guNAyaraM vaMde // jisa saMgha ko satata nagara, ratha, cakra, padma, candramA, sUrya, samudra aura meru parvata se upamita kiyA jAtA hai, usa guNoM ke Akara (khAna) saMgha ko maiM vandana karatA huuN| __ -nandIsUtra saMghastuti, gA. 16
Page #370
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 52 | jaina tattvakalikA : tRtIya kalikA haiM, isalie donoM ke kartavya pRthaka-pRthaka batalAe gae haiN| agara ina donoM ke kartavya bhinna-bhinna na batAkara eka hI sarIkhe batAyA jAe~ to lokottara saMgha kA uddezya aura astitva hI khatare meM par3a jAegA / ise laukika saMghadharma ke eka udAharaNa se samajhie / laukika saMghadharma kI dRSTi se vastra vyavasAyI aura ratna- vyavasAyI donoM samAna haiM, phira bhI ve eka dUsare kA kArya karane meM asamartha haiM / arthAt -- ratna- vyavasAyI, vastra vyavasAyI kA aura vastra vyavasAyI, ratnavyavasAyI kA kAma saphalatApUrvaka nahIM kara sakatA, isI prakAra tyAgI zramaNa-varga aura zramaNopAsaka sadgRhasthavarga donoM ko milAkara lokottara saMgha banatA hai / aisI sthiti meM jaba samagra saMgha kI vyavasthA, surakSA yA unnati kA praznaM AtA hai, taba sArA hI saMgha ( sAdhu zrAvaka donoM varga ) milakara ukta prazna ko hala karake apanA saMghadharma nibhAtA hai / kintu jaba sAdhu ke vyaktigata dAyitva yA zrAvaka ke vyaktigata dAyitva kA prazna AtA hai; jaise ratnavyavasAyI aura vastravyavasAyI eka dUsare kA dAyitva nahIM nibhA sakate vaise hI sAdhuvarga zrAvakavarga kA aura zrAvakavarga, sAdhu varga kA dAyitva nahIM sambhAla sakatA / lokottara saMghadharma caturvidha hone se pratyeka varga ko apanA-apanA uttaradAyitva aura karttavya samajha lenA Avazyaka hai, anyathA sAdhuvarga zrAvakavarga kA kAma karane lagegA yA zrAvakavarga sAdhuvarga kA kArya karane lagegA to donoM ke hI kArya naSTa hoMge, tathA saMghadharma ko hAni pahu~cegI / jaba eka sAdhAraNa ghara meM bhI pratyeka sadasya kA alaga-alaga kArya nirdhArita rahatA hai, taba itane bar3e lokottara saMgha kA kArya kAryapraNAlI ko vibhAjita kiye binA kaise cala sakatA hai ? sAdhuoM meM bhI Antarika bheda (jinakalpI, sthavirakalpI, tapasvI, navadIkSita Adi) ke anusAra unakA pRthak-pRthak karttavya nirdhArita kiyA jAtA hai, vaise hI sAdhuvarga aura zrAvakavarga kA nirvAha pRthak-pRthak maryAdAe~ evaM kattavya nirdhArita kiye binA nahIM ho sakatA / isa prakAra laukika aura lokottara saMghadharma kA bhalIbhA~ti pAlana ho to saMghabala sudRr3ha hogA, jisase rASTra, samAja aura dharma tInoM kSetroM meM zuddha dharma kI unnati hogI / prakArAntara se saMgha sevA hI dharmasevA hai / Age kI kalikAoM meM hama kramazaH zrutadharma, cAritradharma aura astikAya dharma kI vyAkhyA kareMge /
Page #371
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ zrata dharma kA svarUpa[ samyagjJAna ke sandarbha meM ] jaina tatva kalikA vibhinna artha zrutadharma ke do prakAra samyagjJAna kyA hai ? samyag jJAna ke prakAra matijJAna zrutajJAna zAstra - paricaya zAstra kI kasauTI avadhi, manaH paryava evaM kevala jJAna H *** +++++* caturtha kalikA = 5
Page #372
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Page #373
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ caturtha kalikA zratadharma kA svarUpa (samyagjJAna ke sandarbha meM) prAcIna AcAryoM ne dharma zabda ke do artha kiye haiM, (1) vastu svabhAva' aura (2) uttama sukha (mokSa) meM dharane (rakhane) vAlA AcAra / isa prakAra dharma zabda se do arthoM kA bodha hotA hai-eka vastusvabhAva kA aura dUsareuttama sukha prApaka AcAra kaa|| vastu svabhAva-rUpa dharma to jar3a aura cetana sabhI padArthoM meM pAyA jAtA hai / parantu yahA~ vastusvabhAvarUpa dharma kA abhiprAya AtmA ke svabhAva yA AtmA se sambaddha tattvoM ke svarUpa se hai, jise darzana kahate haiN| yadyapi AcArarUpa dhama bhI AtmA se sambandhita hai, parantu usakA sIdhA sambandha cAritra se haiN| / isa prakAra AdhyAtmika dharma ke do rUpa haiM-darzana-rUpa dharma aura cAritra-rUpa dharma / inhIM donoM dharmoM ko jainAgamoM meM 'zrutadharma' (athavA sUtradharma) aura 'cAritradharma' kahA gayA hai| ye donoM dharma mokSarUpI ratha ke do cakra haiM / isIlie AcAryoM ne batAyA hai jJAnakriyAbhyA mokSaH -jJAna aura kriyA se mokSa hotA hai| agara jJAna na ho, aura korI kriyA ho to vaha kriyA andhI hogI, isI prakAra sirpha jJAna ho aura kriyA na ho to korA jJAna paMgu ke samAna hogaa| isalie kisI bhI vastu ke svabhAva ko jAne binA, kevala AcaraNa lAbhadAyaka nahIM ho sakatA / jaise sone ke guNa aura svabhAva se aparicita 1 (ka) 'vatthusahAvo dhammo' --samayasAra (kha) vastu svabhAvatvAd dharmaH -pravacanasAra 7 2 'yo dharati uttame sukhe / ' -ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra; jJAnArNava 2 / 10 / 15 / 21 / 6 / 10 / 15 3 duvihe dhamme pannatte, taM jahA-suyadhamme ceva, carittadhamme ceva / --sthAnAMga0 sthAna 2, u0 1
Page #374
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 54 | jaina tattvakalikA : caturtha kalikA (anajAna ) vyakti yadi sone ko zodhane kA prayatna kare to usakA yaha prayatna lAbhadAyaka nahIM ho sakatA, usI prakAra dayA, kSamA, ahiMsA Adi kA yA jIva- ajIva Adi tattvoM kA svarUpa jAne binA hI AcaraNa karane vAle vyakti kA jIvana viparIta dizA meM mur3a sakatA hai / jo vyakti AtmA, paramAtmA, svarga-naraka evaM mokSa Adi ko nahIM mAnatA, athavA vItarAgapraNIta zAstroM ko nahIM mAnatA, vaha vyakti ahiMsA Adi kA AcaraNa zuddha rUpa meM nahIM kara sakatA / usakA AcAra bhogapradhAna tathA saMsAra-mArgavarddhaka hI hotA hai / isIlie dazavaikAlika sUtra meM kahA gayA hai- pahale jJAna prApta ho, phira dayA kA pAlana kiyA jAe; isI rItinIti para saMsAra ke sabhI saMyamI - puruSa sthita haiM / becAre ajJAnI kyA kara sakate haiM ? ve ( samyagjJAna ke binA) zraya aura pApa ( kalyANa aura akalyANa) ko kaise jAna sakate haiM ? " vicAroM kA manuSya ke AcAra para bahuta bar3A prabhAva par3atA hai / AcAra- pAlana ke lie pahale vicAra, dRSTi, zraddhA aura jJAna paripakva hone Avazyaka haiM / inhIM ko darzana kahate haiM / pratyeka dharma kA apanA eka 'darzana' hotA hai | darzana ke binA dharma ke siddhAntoM aura tattvoM ko yuktiyukta rUpa se tathA tarka, anumAna, Agama Adi pramANoM se yathArtharUpa se samajhA nahIM jA sakatA aura samajhe binA una para zraddhA paripakva nahIM ho sakatI evaM paripakva zraddhA aura jJAna ke binA kiyA huA AcaraNa mokSaphaladAyaka nahIM ho sakatA / ataH darzana dharmazAstra meM pratipAdita tattvoM tathA mAnyatAoM ko apane tarkabala se siddha kara sakatA hai | jainadharma kA bhI apanA darzana hai / cU~ki darzana vastusvabhAvarUpa dharma meM antarbhUta ho jAne se vaha dharma kA hI eka aMga hai / isIlie AcArya samantabhadra ne dharmarUpI kalpa vRkSa kI tIna zAkhAe~ batAI haiM-- samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak cAritra / tattvArthasUtra meM ina tInoM ko samanvita rUpa se mokSamArga (mokSasAdhana) kahA gayA hai| inase viparIta mithyAdarzana, mithyAjJAna aura mithyAcAritra ko saMsAra kA mArga kahA gayA hai / 1 paDhamaM nANaM tao dayA, evaM ciTThai savva saMjae / arti kAhI, kiMvA nAhii seyapAvagaM // - dazabaikAlika, a. 4, gA. 10 2 (ka) sadddaSTi jJAnavRttAni dharmaM dharmezvarA viduH / yadIya pratyanIkAni bhavanti bhavapaddhatiH ||3|| (kha) samyagdarzana - jJAna - cAritrANi mokSamArgaH / - ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra - tanvArtha sUtra, a. 1, sU. 1
Page #375
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ zrutadharma kA svarUpa | 55 prastuta meM jJAna aura darzana kA samanvita rUpa darzanadharma hai / darzanadharma aura cAritradharma, ye donoM zAkhAe~, adhyAtma se avicchinna rahatI hai, taba satya kI abhivyakti hotI hai| . pUrvokta tInoM mokSa sAdhanoM meM pahale do, arthAt-samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna donoM avazya hI sahacArI hote haiN| jaise sUrya kA tApa aura prakAza, eka dUsare ke binA raha nahIM sakate, vaise hI samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna eka dUsare ke binA raha nahIM sakate / parantu samyakcAritra ke sAtha inakA sAhacarya avazyambhAvI nahIM hai| kyoMki samyakcAritra ke binA bhI samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna donoM kucha samaya taka raha sakate haiN| phira bhI AdhyAtmika utkrAnti ke kramAnusAra samyakcAritra kA yaha niyama hai ki jaba vaha prApta hotA hai, tava usake pUrvavartI samyagdarzana evaM samyakajJAna sAdhanadvaya avazya hote haiM / darzana aura jJAna kA sAhacarya hone se tathA samyagjJAna samyagdazanapUrvaka avazya hone se donoM kA samAveza zra ta (sUtra) 'dharma meM kiyA gayA hai / ataH zru tadharma aura cAritradharma donoM sApekSa haiN| - yadyapi zrutadharma aura cAritra-dharma donoM kA paraspara ghaniSTha sambandha hai, tathApi donoM dharmoM kA viSaya aura AcAra bhinna-bhinna hai| isI kAraNa donoM dharmoM meM bheda hai| sUtra(zra ta) dharma AdhAra hai, aura cAritradharma Adheya hai| cAritradharma se pahale samyagdarzana-samyagjJAnarUpa zra tadharma kA honA Avazyaka hai| kyoMki zratadharma ke binA cAritra samyAcAritra nahIM ho sakatA / vAstava meM cAritradharma AcAradharma kA anuSThAna karane se pUrva zru tadharma-vicAradharma ko samyak ArAdhanA Avazyaka hai / jaba taka vastu kA yathArtha svarUpa na jAna liyA jAe, aura upAdeya tattva ke prati ruci (zraddhAna) jAgRta na ho jAe, taba taka AcaraNa arthahIna hotA hai| jo vyakti zru tadharma kI ArAdhanA kiye binA hI cAritradharma kA AcaraNa karatA hai, vaha mokSa kA marma bhalIbhA~ti nahIM samajhatA, na ho vaha mokSamArga kA adhikArI banatA hai| __ zruta-dharma : svarUpa aura vizleSaNa jAno, samajho aura vicAra karo-isa mUlamantra dvArA dharmazAstrakAroM ne mumukSu jIvoM ke lie zrutadharma kI pramukhatA sUcita kI hai| 1 nAdaMsaNissa nANaM, nANeNa vinA na hu~ti caraNaguNA / aguNissa natthimokkho, natthi amokkhassa nivvANaM / / -uttarAdhyayana a 28, gA. 3
Page #376
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 56 | jaina tattvakalikA : catutha kalikA zruta ke vibhinna artha mUlaAgama meM 'suyadhamme' zabda hai / 'suya' zabda ke saMskRta meM cAra rUpa hote haiM--zruta, sUtra, sUkta (sutta) aura syUta / ina rUpoM ke anusAra hI AcAryoM ne inako vyAkhyA aura mahimA batAI hai| zruta kA artha hai--dvAdaza aMgazAstra athavA jIvAdi tattvoM kA jJAna / ' jisa prakAra sUtra (Dore) meM mAlA ke mana ke piroye hue hote haiM, usI prakAra jisameM aneka prakAra ke artha otaprota hote haiM, use 'sUtra' kahate haiM / jisake dvArA artha sUcita hotA hai, vaha sUtra hai| jisa prakAra soyA huA (supta) puruSa vArtAlApa karane para jAge binA usa vArtAlApa ke bhAva se aparicita rahatA hai, ThIka usI prakAra vyAkhyA par3he binA jisakA bodha na ho sake use sUtra kahate haiN| athavA jisake dvArA artha jAnA jAe, athavA jisake Azraya se artha kA smaraNa kiyA jAe, yA artha jisake sAtha anusyUta ho, use sUtra kahate haiN| aise tha ta athavA sUtra kA svAdhyAya karanA, paThana-pAThana karanA, zrata (zAstra) jJAna dvArA jIvAdi tattvoM evaM padArthoM kA yathArtha svarUpa samyagdarzana (zraddhApUrvaka) jAnanA zra tadharma hai| zrutadharma kA bhAvArtha yahI hai ki jina bhagavAn dvArA kathita jo jo zAstrajJAna hai, athavA jinaprajJapta jo tattva haiM, unakA bhalIbhA~ti zravaNamanana, vAcana (paThana-pAThana), nididhyAsana aura una para zraddhAna krnaa| . jo loga kevala cAritradharma ko hI dharma mAnate haiM aura zrutadharma unake lie nagaNya hai, zAstra ke akSara par3ha lene ko hI jo paryApta samajha baiThe haiM, ve bhayaMkara bhrama meM haiN| unhoMne zra tadharma kA rahasya hI nahIM samajhA hai| zratadharma ke dvArA ho jIva AtmA-paramAtmA, bandha-mokSa, ajIva, puNya-pApa, Azrava-saMvara, nirjarA, Adi tattvoM ke svarUpa ko bhalIbhA~ti jAna sakatA 1 (ka) zrutameva AcArAdikaM durgatiprapatajjIva-dhAraNAt dharmaH shrutdhrmH| (kha) durgatI prapatato jIvAn ruNaddhi, sugatau ca tAn dhArayatIti dharmaH / zruta dvAdazAMgaM tadeva dharmaH zrutadharmaH / . -sthAnAMga vRtti 2 sUnyante sUcale vAryA aneneti sUtram / susthithatatvena byApitvena ca suSTha ktatvAd vA sUkta, suptamiva vA suptam / siMcati kSarati yasmAdarthaM tasmAt sUtra niruktavidhinA vA sUcayati zravati zruyate; smaryate vA yenaarthH| -sthAnAMga vRtti
Page #377
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ zrutadharma kA svarUpa | 57 hai aura padArthoM ke svarUpa ko jAna kara hI vaha heya, jJa eya aura upAdeya padArthoM kA bodha kara sakatA hai / isake atirikta jina kathita zAstroM kA zravaNa, kiyA jAe to manuSya saMsAra parita (parimita) kara batAyA gayA hai ki jo vyakti jinezvara bhagavAn ke jina vacanoM kI bhAvapUrvaka ArAdhanA karate haiM, aise saMkliSTa bhAvoM se rahita evaM nirmala svabhAva ke jIva parittasaMsArI hote haiM / ' manana, cintana Adi sakatA hai / zAstra meM vacanoM meM anurakta haiM, isalie saba dharmoM se bar3hakara zrutadharma hI mAnA gayA hai / isI ke AdhAra se aneka bhavya prANI sva-parakalyANa kara sakate haiM / dharma ke do prakAra zratadharma bhI do prakAra kA kahA gayA hai| vaha isa prakAra - ( 1 ) sUtrarUpa zrutadharma aura (2) artharUpa zrutadharma | inameM se zrutadharma ke do mukhya artha pratiphalita hote haiM - (1) samyagjJAna athavA samyak zAstroM kA jJAna - zrutajJAna, aura (2) samyagdarzana - padArthoM kA yathArtha zraddhApUrvaka jJAna / jisake dvArA padArthoM kA samyak bodha ho, use artha kahate haiM / dravyazra uta aura bhAva ta isa kathana se zruta ke bhI do bheda sUcita hote haiM - (1) dravyazruta aura bhAvazruta / anuyogadvAra sUtra meM batAyA hai ki jo patra ( bhojapatra, I tAr3apatra yA kAgajoM) yA pustaka para likhA huA hotA hai, vaha dravyazruta kahalAtA hai, aura use par3hate hI sAdhaka upayogayukta ho jAtA hai, taba vaha bhAvazruta kahalAtA hai / isa kathana se yaha bhI dhvanita ho jAtA hai ki pratyeka vyakti ko zratadharma kI prApti ke lie yathAvasara pA~coM aMgoM sahita svAdhyAya karanA cAhie / yadi vaha svAdhyAya (svayaM vAcana ) na kara sakatA hai to use vidvAn 1 jiNavayaNe aNurattA jiNavayaNaM je kareMti bhAveNaM / amalA asaMkiliTThA, te huti parittasaMsArI // 2 suyadhamme duvihe paNNatte taM jahA suttasuyadhamme ceva atthasuyadhamme ceva / -- sthAnAMga, sthA. 2 3 'davvasuyaM patta - potthaya - lihiyaM / ' -- anuyogadvAra sUtra 4 vAcanA, pRcchA, paryaTanA, anuprekSA aura dharmakathA, ye svAdhyAya ke pA~ca aMga haiM !
Page #378
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 58 | jaina tattvakalikA : caturthaM kalikA aura anubhavI sAdhu puruSoM ke sAnnidhya meM pahu~cakara sUtra ke arthoM kA zravaNamanana karanA caahie| jina vyaktiyoM ne akSara jJAna nahIM par3hA hai, ve bhI sUtra ke artha para vizeSa dhyAna dekara sva-parakalyANa kara sakate haiM / isIlie eka AcArya ne svAdhyAya ko zrutadharma kahA hai / zrutajJAna (zAstrajJAna) kA mAhAtmya batAte hue kahA hai - cAhe jaise gAr3ha kIcar3a meM par3I huI sUI choTe-se sUtra - Dore se yukta ho to vaha guma nahIM hotI, vaise hI sUtrasahita (zAstra-svAdhyAyayukta) jIva saMsAra meM rahatA huA bhI AtmabhAna se vaMcita nahIM hotA / zrutadharmaM akSaya aura zAzvatasukharUpa mokSa ko dilAne vAlA hai / kyoMki zAstra meM kahA hai- samyagjJAna vizva ke samasta padArthoM ko prakAzita karane vAlA hai | ataH samyagjJAna zAzvata sUrya hai / vaha kabhI na bujhane vAlA dIpaka hai| usake jagamagAte hue prakAza se moha, mAtsarya, svArtha, IrSyA, krUratA, lubdhatA, Adi aneka rUpoM meM phailA huA ajJAnAndhakAra naSTa ho jAtA hai / ajJAna aura moha ke naSTa hote hI rAga-dva eSa kA samUla nAza ho jAtA hai / aisI vItarAgadazA prApta hote ho jIva ekAntasukha-svarUpa mokSa ko prApta kara letA hai / vidhipUrvaka ta ( zAstra ) kA adhyayana karane se AtmA ko padArthoM kA samyak bodha ho jAtA hai, jisake phalasvarUpa AtmA ko samyagjJAna ko prApti hotI hai aura phira usake prabhAva se vahI AtmA zruta (jJAna) samAdhi se yukta hokara svayaM mokSa mArga meM niSThApUrvaka sthira ho jAtI hai tathA anya mumukSu sAdhakoM ko bhI mokSa mArga meM sthira karane meM samartha ho jAtI hai / isalie zrutadharma kA avazyameva Alambana lenA cAhie / jaba taka sAdhaka ko sarvajJatA ( kevalajJAna ) prApta na ho taba taka sarvajJatA prApta karAne vAle zrutajJAna kA yathAzakti abhyAsa karate rahanA cAhie, jisase abhISTa artha kI prApti ho sake, kyoMki kriyAkANDa anuSThAna auSadha hai aura samyagjJAna pathya hai / samyagjJAna ke prabhAva se anuSThAna amRta 1 'suadhammo sajjhAo' 2 jahA suI sattA paDiyAvi na viNassas | tahA jIvo sasutto saMsAre vina viNassa / / 3 nANassa savvassa pagAsaNAe, aNNANamohassa vivajjaNAe / rAgassa dosassa . saMkhaeNaM, egaMtasokkhaM samuvei mokkhaM // - uttarAdhyayana, a. 32, gA. 2
Page #379
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ zruta dharma kA svarUpa | 56 rUpa banakara AtmA kA vebhAvika unmAda dUra karake use svAbhAvika dazA meM sthira karatA (jAgRta rakhatA) hai / muNDakopaniSada meM bhI samyagjJAna ko Atma-prApti kA mahattvapUrNa sAdhana batalAyA gayA hai / Atma-zodhana se sambandhita sabhI dharmazAstroM meM samyagjJAna ko sarvopari sthAna diyA gayA hai| samyagjJAna ko mahimA batAte hue kahA hai ki eka vyakti ko samyagjJAnAbhimukha karanA aura caudaha rajjupramANa loka ke prANimAtra ko abhayadAna denA eka samAna hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki caudaha rajjvAtmaka loka ke jIvoM ko abhayadAna dene kI kunjI ekamAtra samyagjJAna hai / jJAnAgni hI samasta karmoM ko bhasma kara detI hai| samyagjJAna kyA aura kaise ? vaise to pratyeka jIva meM kisI na kisI prakAra kA tathA kama yA adhika mAtrA meM jJAna avazya rahatA hai, kintu vaha samyagjJAna tabhI kahalAtA hai, jaba samyagdarzana (samyaktva) kA sadbhAva ho| zAstrakAroM ne batalAyA hai ki koI vyakti cAhe jitanA vidvAn ho, SaTdarzana kA dhurandhara paNDita ho, vyAkaraNa, sAhitya, nyAya Adi vidyAoM kA AcArya ho, prasiddha vaktA ho, vyavahArakuzala ho, abhinaya evaM manoraMjana karane meM pravINa ho, usakA ukta jJAna samyagjJAna nahIM kahalAtA tathA karmabaMdhana ke phalasahita (saphala) hI hotA hai| ___AdhyAtmika dRSTi se samyagjJAna vahI kahalAtA hai, jisase AdhyA- . tmika utkrAnti (vikAsa) ho, jisa jJAna ke pUrva samyagdarzana prApta ho, jisa jJAna ke AvirbhAva se krodhAdi kaSAya manda ho jAte haiM, saMyama aura samabhAva kA poSaNa hotA ho, cittavRttiyA~ zuddha hoto hoM, Atmazuddhi hotI ho / samyagjJAna aura asamyagjJAna (mithyAjJAna yA ajJAna) meM yahI antara hai ki pahalA samyaktvasahacarita (sahita) hai, jabaki dUsarA samyaktvarahita (mithyAtva-sahacarita) hai / jisase saMsAravRddhi yA AdhyAtmika patana ho vaha asamyagjJAna (mithyAjJAna) hai| 1 satyena labhyastapasA hyapa AtmA / - samyagjJAnena brahmacaryeNa nityam // 2 jJAnAgniH sarvakarmANi bhasmasAtkurute'rjuna ! 3 je yA'buddhA mahAbhAgA, vIrA'samattadaMsiNo / asuddha tesi parakaMtaM, saphalaM hoi sacaso / -muNDakopaniSad -bhagavadgItA, a.4 zlo.7 - -sUtrakRtAMga zru.1 a-8 gA.22
Page #380
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 60 | jaina tattvakalikA : caturtha kalikA samyagdRSTi se yukta jIva kA jJAna cAhe thor3A ho, sAmagrI yA kSayopazama kI nyUnatA ke kAraNa kisI viSaya meM kisI bhI prakAra kA saMzaya ho, bhrama bhI ho, usakA jJAna bhI aspaSTa ho, parantu satyagaveSaka, jijJAsu aura kadAgraharahita hone ke kAraNa, vaha apane se mahAn prAmANika evaM vizeSadarzI vyakti ke Azraya se apanI kamI ko sudhArane ke lie prastuta rahatA hai, apanI truTi sudhAra bhI letA hai, aura apane jJAna kA upayoga vaha vAsanApoSaNa meM na karake prAyaH AdhyAtmika vikAsa meM karatA hai| kintu samyagdRSTi se rahita jIva kA svabhAva isase viparIta hotA hai, usakI dRSTi mithyA evaM kadAgrahI hone ke kAraNa vaha samyakazAstroM kA upayoga bhI viparIta rUpa meM karatA hai, sAmagrI tathA kSayopazama kI adhikatA ke kAraNa kadAcit use nizcayAtmaka, spaSTa aura adhika jJAna bhI ho sakatA hai, lekina usakI dRSTi kadAgrahI evaM viparIta hone se abhimAnavaza kisI vizeSadarzI ke vicAroM ko tuccha samajhakara grahaNa nahIM karatA aura apane jJAna. kA upayoga bhI AdhyAtmika utkrAnti meM na karake prAyaH sAMsArika mahattvAkAMkSA kI pUrti meM karatA hai| samyakzruta evaM mithyAzruta nandIsUtra meM zruta (zAstra) bhI do prakAra ke batAye gae haiM--(1) . samyakca ta aura (2) mithyAzru ta / vahA~ samyakzruta aura mithyAzru ta ke kucha anya nAma bhI ginAe gae haiN| vahA~ spaSTarUpa se kahA gayA hai ki samyakzra ta kahalAne vAle zAstra bhI mithyAdRSTi ke hAthoM meM par3akara mithyAtva buddhi se parigRhIta hone ke kAraNa mithyAzruta ho jAte haiM, aura isake viparIta mithyAzru ta kahalAne vAle zAstra samyagdRSTi ke hAthoM meM par3akara samyaktva se parigRhIta hone ke kAraNaM samyakzru ta bana jAte haiN.| ataeva samyagdarzanayukta hone se samyagjJAna kA itanA prabala prabhAva hai ki samyagdRSTi ke kAraNa samyagjJAnI kI dRSTi vizAla, udAra, Agraharahita, prazAnta aura nikSepa, naya-pramANa, anekAnta Adi vAdoM ko bhalIbhA~ti samajha kara unakA prayoga karane vAlI bana jAtI hai| ataH kisI bhI dharma-zAstra, yahA~ taka ki mithyA kahalAne vAle zAstroM (zru ta) kA bhI adhyayana, manana, vAcana, 1 'sammasuyaM, micchAsuyaM / ' 2 eAi micchAdiTThissa micchattapariggahiyAi micchAsuyaM / ___eAi ceva sammadiTThissa sammattapariggahiyAi sammasuyaM // -nandIsUtra zrutajJAna prakaraNa
Page #381
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ zruta dharma kA svarUpa | 61 upadezazravaNa yA saMsarga usake lie ahitakara nahIM hotA / samyagjJAnarUpI kavaca ke kAraNa vaha sadaiva mithyAtva ke doSoM se bacA huA - surakSita rahatA hai / isI kAraNa vaha dhArmika kalaha ko bhI zAnta kara sakatA hai / jisa samyag - darzana ke prabhAva se jJAna samyaka bana jAtA hai, usa samyagdarzana kA sAMgopAMga varNana bhI zra dharma se sambandhita hone se hama agale prakaraNa meM kareMge / samyagjJAna ke prakAra samyagdarzana se yukta jJAna samyagjJAna hai, aura vaha mukhyatayA pAMca prakAra kA hai - ( 1 ) matijJAna, (2) zrutajJAna, (3) avadhijJAna, (4) manaH paryavajJAna aura (5) kevalajJAna | matijJAna pAMcoM indriyoM tathA mana se hone vAlA jJAna matijJAna kahalAtA hai / vaha cAra prakAra se hotA hai- avagraha se, IhA se, avAya se aura dhAraNA se / * kabhI sparzendriya se, kabhI rasanendriya se kamo ghrANendriya se kabhI cakSuri*ndriya se aura kabhI zrotrendriya se tathA kabhI mana se hotA hai / isa kAraNa isake caubIsa (4x6 = 24) bheda ho jAte haiM / 1 , avagrahajJAna do prakAra kA hotA hai-arthAvagraha aura vyaMjanAvagraha | arthAvagraha ke 6 bheda (pA~ca indriya aura chaThA mana ) pahale kahe jA cuke haiM / vyaJjanAvagraha ke cAra bheda haiM, kyoMki vaha cakSu aura mana ke atirikta sirpha cAra indriyoM se hotA hai / yoM pUrvokta caubIsa aura ye cAra bheda vyaMjanAvagraha ke milAkara matijJAna ke kula 28 bheda hote haiM / ye hI 28 bheda kSayopazama aura viSaya kI vividhatA ko lekara pratyeka bAraha-bAraha prakAra ke hote haiM / jaise - ( 1 ) bahugrAhI, (2) alpagrAhI, (3) bahuvidhagrAhI, (4) alpavidhagrAhI, (5) kSipragrAhI, (6) akSipragrAhI, (7) anizritagrAhI (aliMgagrAhI), (8) nizritagrAhI (saliMgagrAhI), (6) asaMdigdhagrAhI, (10) saMdigdha - grAhI, (11) dhruvagrAhI aura ( 12 ) adhruvagrAhI / pUrvokta 28 bhedoM ko 12 ke sAtha guNita karane para 336 bheda hote haiM / ina 336 bhedoM meM cAra prakAra kI buddhi milA dene se matijJAna ke 340 bheda ho jAte haiM / 1 uggaha IhAvAo ya, dhAraNA eva huti cattAri / bihiyA bheyavatthu samAseNaM || 2 tadindriyAnindriyanimittam / -- nandI sUtra, matijJAnaprakaraNa ---tattvArtha sUtra, adhyAya 1, sUtra 14 --tattvArtha0 1 / 16 3 'bahu-bahuvidha kSiprAnizritAsaMdigdha dhruvANAM setarANAm' /
Page #382
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 62 | jaina tattvakalikA : caturtha kalikA (1) autpAtikI buddhi - vikaTa ulajhana ko sulajhAne ke lie kisI ke upadeza ke binA tAtkAlika sUjhabUjha / (2) vainayikI buddhi-vinaya karane se yA zikSaNa se vikasita hone vAlI buddhi | (3) kArmikI buddhi-- kArya karate-karate prApta hone vAlA anubhavajJAna | (4) pAriNAmiko buddhi-- vaya avasthA kI paripakvatA ke anurUpa pari Nata ( prApta) hone vAlI yA lambe anubhava se paripakva buddhi / ye cAra prakAra kI buddhiyA~ haiM / mati, smRti, jAtismRti, saMjJA, cintA, abhinibodha, IhA, apoha, tarka, vimarza, mArgaNA, gaveSaNA, prajJA Adi saba matijJAna ke paryAyavAcI zabda haiM / ' zrutajJAna : svarUpa aura prakAra matijJAna ke pazcAt cintana-manana ke dvArA jo paripakva jJAna hotA hai, vaha zrutajJAna hai | zrutajJAna indriyajanya aura manojanya hone para bhI zabdo - llekha sahita hotA hai, arthAt zrutajJAna kI utpatti ke samaya saMketa, smaraNa, zabdazaktigrahaNa, zrRtagrantha kA paThana, zravaNa yA anusaraNa apekSita hai| donoM meM indriya aura mana kI apekSA samAna hone para bhI mati kI apekSA zruta kA viSaya adhika hai / matijJAna prAyaH vidyamAna vastu meM pravRtta hotA hai, jabaki zrutajJAna atIta, vidyamAna tathA bhAvI, ina traikAlika viSayoM meM pravRtta hotA hai | ataH zruta kA viSaya adhika hone ke sAtha-sAtha usameM vicArAMza kI spaSTatA bhI adhika hai tathA pUrvAparakrama bhI hai / jaba zabda sunAI detA hai, taba usake artha kA smaraNa hotA hai, usake pazcAt zabda aura artha ke vAcya vAcaka bhAva ke AdhAra para jo jJAna hotA hai vaha zrutajJAna kahalAtA hai / isa apekSA se matijJAna kAraNa hai, aura zrutajJAna kArya hai / matijJAna ke abhAva meM zrutajJAna kadApi sambhava nahIM hai| zrutajJAna kA antaraMga kAraNa to zrutajJAnAvaraNa kA kSayopazama hai kintu usakA bahiraMga athavA sahakArI kAraNa matijJAna hai / AcArya bhadrabAhu ne likhA hai ki jitane akSara haiM aura unake jitane bhI saMyoga haiM, utane hI zrutajJAna ke bheda haiM / kintu una sAre bhedoM kI parigaNanA karanA sambhava nahIM hai / ataH zAstrakAroM ne zra tajJAna ke mukhyatayA caudaha bheda batAye haiM 1 nandIsUtra sUtra 26
Page #383
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ zruta dharma kA svarUpa | 63 (1) akSarazra ta--akSara (svaroM aura vyaMjanoM) se utpanna jJAna / upacAra se akSara ko bhI zra ta kahA gayA hai| ataH akSarazruta ke tIna bheda haiM--(ka) saMjJAkSara--(nAgarI Adi lipiyoM ke akSara kA AkAra) (kha) vya janAkSara--(akSara kA uccAraNa yA dhvani), aura (ga) labdhyakSara--(akSara sambandhI kSayopazama--jJAnarUpa akssr)| (2) anakSaratha ta---khAMsane, chIMkane, cuTakI se yA netrAdi ke izAre se hone vAlA jJAna / (3) saMjJizruta--yahA~ saMjJA zabda pAribhASika hai| saMjJA ke tIna prakAra hone se saMjJitha ta ke bhI tIna prakAra haiM--(ka) dIrghakAlikI--(jisameM bhUtabhaviSya kA lambA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai / (kha) hetUpadezikI--(jisameM kevala vartamAna kI dRSTi se AhArAdi meM hitAhita buddhi pUrvaka pravRtti hotI hai), aura (ga) dRSTi vAdopadezikI--(samyakca ta ke jJAna ke kAraNa athavA AtmakalyANakArI upadeza se jo saMjJAna hitAhita bodha hotA hai / ) (4) asaMjJizuta--asaMjJI jIvoM ko hone vAlA zru tajJAna / isake bhI tIna prakAra haiM--(ka) jo dIrghakAlika vicAra nahIM kara sakane vAle, (kha) amanaska--atyantasUkSma mana vAle, aura (ga) mithyAzra ta meM niSThA vaale| . (5) samyakzru ta-utpannajJAna-darzanadhAraka sarvajJa sarvadarzI arhatpraNIta evaM gaNadharagrathita dvAdazAMgI aMgapraviSTazruta tathA jaghanya dazadharoMvayUdvArA racita upAMga Adi aMga bAhya zAstroM dvArA hone vAlA jJAna samyak ta kahalAtA hai| aMgapraviSTa AcArAMga Adi 12 aMgazAstra haiM, aura aMgabAhya meM bAraha upAMga haiM / cAra mUlasUtra (uttarAdhyayana, dazavakAlika, nandIsUtra aura anuyogadvAra) tathA cAra cheda sUtra (vahatkalpasUtra, vyavahArasUtra, nizIthasUtra aura dazAzrutaskandha) haiN| ye saba milAkara yadyapi 32 sUtra hote haiM; kintu vartamAna meM bArahavA~ aMga dRSTivAda lupta hai, isalie vidyamAna 31 sUtra hI mAne jAte haiM tathA eka Avazyaka sUtra ye kula milAkara 32 sUtra pramANabhUta mAne jAte haiN| cAra mUlasUtra-paricaya (1) uttarAdhyayana sUtra--bhagavAn mahAvIra ne nirvANa ke samaya pAvApurI meM vipAkasUtra ke 110 adhyayana aura uttarAdhyayana ke 36 adhyayanoM kA 1 nandIsUtra sU. 13, 14, 44 2 ina sabakA vistRta varNana 'upAdhyAya-svarUpa varNana' meM diyA gayA hai| saM0
Page #384
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 64 | jaina tattvakalikA : caturtha kalikA 16 prahara paryanta 18 dezoM ke gaNarAjAoM Adi pariSada ke samakSa vyAkhyAna kiyA thA / uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM 36 adhyayana isa prakAra haiM- ( 1 ) vinayazrata, (2) parISahapravibhakti, (3) caturaMgIya, (4) asaMskRta, (5) akAmamaraNIya, (6) kSullaka nigranthIya, (7) urazrIya, (8) kApilIya, ( 1 ) namipravajyA, (10) drumapatraka, (11) bahuzruta, (12) harikezIya, (13) cittasambhUtIya, (14) ikArIya, (15) sabhikSuka, (16) brahmacarya samAdhisthAna, (17) pApazramaNIya, (18) saMjayIya. (16) mRgAputrIya, (20) mahAnigranthIya (21) samudrapAlIya, (22) rathanemiIya, (23) kezigautamIya, (24) pravacanamAtA, (25) yajJIya, (26) sAmAcArIya, (27) khalu kIya, (28) mokSamArgagati, (26) samyaktva - parAkrama, (30) tapomArgagati, (31) caraNavidhi (32) apramAdasthAna, (33) karmaprakRti, (34) lezyAdhyayana, (35) anagAramArgagati aura (36) jIvAjIva - vibhakti / (2) dazavekAlika sUtra - isa sUtra ke racayitA AcArya zayyaMbhava haiM / isameM mukhyatayA sAdhuoM ke AcAra-vicAra sambandho varNana hai / isameM 10 adhyayana isa prakAra haiM- (1) dra mapuSpikA (dharmaprazaMsA tathA sAdhu kI mAdhukarI vRtti kA varNana ), (2) zrAmaNyapUrvaka (sAdhujIvana meM saMyama, tyAga aura dhRti meM sthiratA kA varNana), (3) kSullakAcArakathA - (nirgranthoM dvArA anAcIrNa 12 AcAra), (4) SaTjIvanikA ( SaTkAyika jIvoM kI rakSA, paMcamahAvrata aura aura zramaNa kI kramabaddha sAdhanA kA varNana ) (5) piNDeSaNA (do udde zakoM meM sAdhu kI bhikSAvRtti aura eSaNAsambandhI varNana ) (6) mahAcArakathA, (7) vAkyazuddhi, (8) AcArapraNidhi ( 8 ) vinayasamAdhi ( cAra udde zakoM meM vinayasambandhI varNana) aura (10) sabhikSu ( bhikSu ke vAstavika sAdhanAtmakaguNoM kA varNana ) / (3) nandIsUtra - isameM vIrastuti, saMghastuti, tIrthaMkara - gaNadhara nAma, sthavirAvalI, trividhapariSad, aura tatpazcAt mukhyatayA pA~ca jJAnoM kA vistRta varNana hai / (4) anuyogadvAra - isameM upakrama, nikSepa, anugama aura naya ( pramANAdi) cAra mukhya anuyoga dvAroM kA vistRta varNana hai / cAra chedasUtra - paricaya (1) dazAzru taskandha - isameM 20 asamAdhidoSa, 21 zabaladoSa, 7 nidAna ( niyANA) Adi kA varNana hai / (2) bRhatkalpasUtra - isameM sAdhu ke lie kalpanIya akalpanIya vastra, pAtra zayyA (bastI-makAna) Adi kA varNana hai /
Page #385
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ zrutadharma kA svarUpa | 65 (3) vyavahArasUtra-isameM sAdhu ke AcAra-vyavahAra kA varNana hai| (4) nizIthasUtra-isameM sAdhu ke saMyama meM doSa lagane para vividha prAyazcittoM kA vidhAna hai| Avazyaka sUtra-isameM sAmAyika, caturvizatistava, vandanA, pratikramaNa, kAyotsarga aura pratyAkhyAna; ina chaha AvazyakoM kA varNana hai| nandIsUtra meM aMgabAhya ke Avazyaka aura Avazyaka-vyatirikta-ye do prakAra batAye haiN| taduparAnta Avazyakavyatirikta ke do prakAra aura batAye haiM--kAlika aura utkAlika / inameM se kAlika sUtra aneka prakAra ke batAkara 36 sUtroM kA nAmollekha isa prakAra kiyA hai-(1) uttarAdhyayana, (2) dazAzrataskandha, (3) bahakalpa, (4) vyavahArasUtra, (5) nizItha, (6) mahAnizItha, (7) RSibhASita, (8) jambUdvIpaprajJapti, (6) dvIpasAgaraprajJapti, (10) candraprajJapti, (11) kSudravimAnavibhakti, (12) mahAvimAnavibhakti, (13) aMgacUlikA, (14) vargacUlikA, (15) vivAha [vyAkhyA] cUlikA, (16) aruNopapAta, (17) varuNopapAta. (18) garuDopapAta, (16) dharaNopapAta, (20) vaizramaNopapAta, (21) velaMdharopapAta, (22) devendropapAta, (23) utthAnazru ta, (24) samutthAnazru ta, (25) nAgaparitApanikA. (26) nirayAvalikA, (27) kalpikA, (28) kalpAvataMsikA, (26) puSpikA, (30) puSpacUlikA, (31) vaSNI (vahni) dazA, (32) AzIviSabhAvanA, (33) dRSTiviSabhAvanA, (34) svapnabhAvanA, (35) mahAsvapnabhAvanA, aura (36) tejo'gni nisarga ityAdi / ' isI prakAra utkAlika sUtroM ke bhI aneka prakAra batAkara 26 nAmoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| ve isa prakAra haiM-(1) dazavaikAlika, (2) kalpikAkalpika, (3) kSudrakalpasUtra, (4) mahAkalpasUtra, (5) aupapAtika, (6) rAjapraznIya, (7) jIvAbhigama, (8) prajJApanA, (9) mahAprajJApanA, (10) pramAdApramAda, (11) nandIsUtra, (12) anuyogadvAra, (13) devendrastava, (14) tandulavaicArika, (15) candravijaya, (16) sUryaprajJapti, (17) pauruSImaNDala, (18) maNDalapraveza, (16) vidyAcaraNavinizcaya, (20) gaNividyA, (21) dhyAnavibhakti, (22) maraNavibhakti, (23) Atmavizodhi, (24) vItarAgazra ta, (25) saMllekhanAzruta, (26) vihArakalpa, (27) caraNavidhi, (28) AturapratyAkhyAna, aura (26) mahApratyAkhyAna ityAdi / 1 nandIsatra sa. 43 ke antargata kAlika satrAdhikAra 2 nandIsUtra sU.43 ke antargata utkAlika sUtrAdhikAra
Page #386
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 66 | jaina tattvakalikA : caturtha kalikA isa prakAra 36 kAlika aura 26 utkAlika sUtra tathA eka Avazyaka milAkara kula 66 aMgabAhya sUtroM kA ullekha hai, inameM se kaI satra vartamAna meM upalabdha nahIM haiM / dvAdazavarSIya duSkAla ke samaya bahuta se zAstra vicchinna ho ge|' yaha samyakzru ta kA vizleSaNa hai / prAcIna AgamoM kI bhASA meM zrutajJAna kA atha yahI kiyA gayA hai ki jo jJAna zruta-AptapuruSoM dvArA racita Agama evaM anya zAstroM-se hotA hai| (6) mithyAzruta-apanI manaHkalpanA se asarvajJa, anApta puruSoM dvArA racita, sarvajJasiddhAntaviparIta, pUrvAparaviruddha, hiMsAdi paMcAzrava vidhAna se pUrNa evaM AtmakalyANa ke lie asAdhaka, zAstroM dvArA hone vAlA jnyaan| . nandIsUtra meM mithyAzruta meM parigaNita kucha zAstroM ke nAmoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| kintu samyagdRSTi ke lie ye hI mithyAzruta samyakapa meM pariNata hone ke kAraNa samyakzruta ho jAte haiN| (7-8) sAdizruta evaM anAdizruta-jisakI Adi hai vaha sAdizruta tathA jisakI Adi na ho, vaha anAdizruta hai| zruta dravyarUpa se anAdi hai aura paryAyarUpa se sAdi hai| (9-10) saparyavasita-aparyavasitazruta--jisakA anta hotA hai, vaha saparyavasita aura jisakA anta na ho, vaha aparyavasitazra ta jJAna hai| yaha zruta bhI dravya aura paryAya kI dRSTi se ananta aura sAnta hai| (11-12) gamikazruta-agamikazruta--jisameM sadRza pATha hoM, vaha gamika aura jisameM asadRzAkSarAlApaka hoM, vaha agamikzruta hai| nandIsUtra meM gamika meM dRSTivAda ko aura agamika meM kAlika zrata ko batAyA gayA hai| 1 zvetAmbara mU. pU. AmnAya meM vartamAna meM 45 Agama mAne jAte haiM jinameM 12 aMgazAstra, 12 upAMgazAstra, 5 chedasUna (4 cheda pahale batAe gaye haiM, pAMcavA~ mahAnizItha hai), 4 mUlasUtra (AvazyakasUtra, dazavaikAlika, uttarAdhyayana aura oghaniyukti) 2 sUtra (nandIsUtra aura anuyogadvAra) tathA 10 prakIrNaka (catu:zaraNa, AturapratyAkhyAna, bhaktaparijJA, saMstAraka, tandulavaicArika, candravedhyaka, devendrastava, gaNividyA, mahApratyAkhyAna aura vIrastava) isa prakAra kula 12+ 12+5+4+2+10 = 45 Agama / --saM0 2 se kiM taM gamiyaM ? gamiyaM ditthivaao| se kiM taM agamiyaM ? agamiyaM kAliyaMsuyaM / -nandIsUtra sU043 kA prArambha
Page #387
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ zrutadharma kA svarUpa | 67 (13-14) aMgapraviSTa aura aMgabAhya- ina donoM para samyakuzruta meM prakAza DAlA gayA hai / samyakzAstra : svarUpa, mahattva aura kasauTI AcArya samantabhadra aura AcArya siddhasena divAkara kI dRSTi meM samyakazAstra kI kasauTI isa prakAra hai 'AptopajJamanullaMghyamadRSTeSTAviruddha kam 1 tattvopadezakRt sArvaM zAstra kApathaghaTTanam ||" (1) jo Apta (sarvajJa - sarvadarzI vItarAgapuruSoM) dvArA mUla meM kathita ho, (2) jisakA koI ullaMghana na kara sakatA ho, (3) jo pratyakSa aura anumAna se viruddha na ho, (4) tattva kA upadeza karane vAlA ho, (5) sabakA hita batAne vAlA ho, aura (6) kumArga kA niSedhaka ho, vahI saccA zAstra hai / aise zAstra ko hI samyakazruta kahanA cAhie / sAdhaka jaba sAdhanApatha para Age bar3hatA hai, taba usake sAmane aneka ulajhaneM AtI haiM, kaI bAra vaha dharmasaMkaTa meM par3a jAtA hai ki isa mArga kA anusaraNa karU~ yA usa mArga kA ? sabhI sAdhaka viziSTa jJAnI nahIM hote, adhikAMza mumukSu sAdhakoM kA jJAna sImita hotA hai, vItarAgadeva unake samakSa pratyakSa nahIM hote, niHspRha nirgrantha guru kA samAgama milanA bhI durlabha ho jAtA hai, aisI sthiti meM mana, buddhi evaM indriyoM kI pahu~ca se pare kI, abhI taka aparicita, ajJAta vastu ke sambandha meM nirNaya karanA ho, athavA guruparamparA se sunI huI bAta autsargika ho, magara nirNaya kisI ApavAdika sthiti meM karanA ho to sAdhaka kyA kare ? kisakA avalambana le ? kattavyaakattavya, hitAhita, sumArga- kumArga kA nirNaya kaise kare ? isake lie suzAstra hI ekamAtra mArgadarzaka hotA hai / bhagavadgItA meM bhI spaSTa kahA haitasmAcchAstra pramANaM te kAryAkArya vyavasthitau / -- -kArya aura akArya kI vyavasthA ke lie zAstra hI pramANabhUta hotA hai / zAstra ke dvArA sAdhaka sAdhanApatha ko dekhakara calatA hai / guru yA mArgadarzaka dharmanAyaka pratyeka samaya sAtha nahIM rahatA / sAdhaka ko pratyeka paristhiti meM jo kucha dekhanA, socanA, samajhanA aura karanA hotA hai, vaha 1 ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra aura nyAyAvatAra | 2 bhagavadgItA a. 16, zlo. 24
Page #388
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 68 | jaina tattvakalikA : caturtha kalikA zAstra kI A~kha ke dvArA hI hotA hai| isIlie sAdhaka kA antarnetra Agama batAyA gayA hai| usase vaha cetana, acetana, jIva-ajIva, puNya-pApa, AzravasaMvara, bandha-mokSa Adi kA svarUpa bhalIbhA~ti jAna-dekha letA hai| zAstra se hI vaha svapara padArthoM ko bhalIbhA~ti jAna letA hai| maiM kauna hU~ ? mere sAtha zarIra, indriya, mana, vANI Adi kA kyA sambandha hai ? puNya, pApa, Azrava-saMvara, karmabandha Adi ke kyA-kyA phala haiM ? jIva ko nAnA gatiyoM-yoniyoM meM, nAnA prakAra ke dukha-duHkhoM kI anabhUti kina-kina kAraNoM se hotI hai ? janma-maraNa se mukta hone kA upAya kyA hai ? ina sabako jAnane ke lie chadmastha (apUrNa) avasthA taka zAstra kA Alambana anivArya hai| prazamarati meM zAstra kA uddezya evaM nirvacana isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai-jinakA mana rAgadvaSa se uddhata hai, una jIvoM ko yaha saddharma samyaka prakAra se anuzAsita (zikSita) karatA hai, aura duHkha se bacAtA hai, isalie satpuruSa ise zAstra kahate haiN| AcArya jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ne zAstra kA artha batAte hue kahAjisake dvArA yathArtharUpa se satyarUpa jJa ye kA, AtmA kA bodha ho, evaM AtmA anuzAsita ho, vaha zAstra hai| ___jaina paramparA ke jyotirdhara AcArya haribhadrasUri ne zAstra kA lAbha batAte hue kahA jisa prakAra vastra kI malinatA kA prakSAlana karake jala use ujjvala banA detA hai, usI prakAra zAstra bhI mAnava ke ataHkaraNa ratna meM sthita kAma-krodhAdi kAluSya kA prakSAlana karake use pavitra aura nirmala banA detA hai| kauna-sA zAstra saccA hai, kauna-sA nahIM ? isakA viveka to pahale 1 'AgamacakkhU sAhU / ' -pravacanasAra 3134 2 yasmAd rAgadvaSoddhatacittAn samanuzAsti saddharme / / saMtrAyate ca du:khAcchAstramiti nirucyate sadbhiH / / -prazamarati0 zloka 187 3 sAsijjai teNa tahiM vA neyamAyA va to satthaM / . -vizeSAvazyaka bhASya gA.1384 4 malinasya yathA'tyantaM jalaM vastrasya zodhanam / antaHkaraNaratnasya tathA zAstra vidurbudhAH / / -yogabindu 26
Page #389
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ zrutadharma kA svarUpa | 66 se hI batA diyA gayA hai / samyakca ta-mithyAzru ta kA nirNaya bhI pahale batA diyA gayA hai| phira bhI jisakI dRSTi satyAnulakSyI hai, viveka jAgRta hai, usake lie pratyeka zAstra samyak ho sakatA hai, prakAza de sakatA hai; kintu isake viparIta jisakI buddhi haThAgrahI hai, ekantavAdI hai, mithyA hai, sAMsArika bhogalakSyI hai, tIvra kaSAyakaluSita hai, usake lie to samyakazAstra bhI mithyAzAstra ho sakatA hai| uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM samyakazAstra kI eka kasauTI batAI gaI hai-- jaM soccA paDivajjaMti, tavaM khaMtihiMsayaM / . -jise sunakara sAdhaka kI AtmA pratibuddha hotI hai, vaha tapa, saMyama, kSamA aura ahiMsA kI sAdhanA meM pravatta hotA hai, vahI zAstra samyakazAstra hai| isa prakAra samyakazAstra ke anusAra pravRtti karane se, kArya-akArya, hitAhita, yA sva-para kA nirNaya karane se tathA heya-jJeya-upAdeya tattva kA viveka karake calane se hI zruta sArthaka ho sakatA hai / isa prakAra ke zrutajJAna ke kAryAnvayana dvArA sAdhaka zrutakevalo bana sakatA hai| kisI se zAstra kA zravaNa na karake matijJAna ko parAkASThA se bhI sAdhaka apanI bauddhika pratibhA se 'asoccAkevalI' bana sakatA hai / yaha saba zra tajJAna kI mahimA hai| (3) avadhijJAna indriyoM kI sahAyatA ke binA hI jisa jJAna se maryAdApUrvaka, rUpIpadArthoM ko jAnA jA sake, vaha avadhijJAna kahalAtA hai| avadhijJAna do prakAra kA hotA hai-bhavapratyaya aura guNapratyaya (kssyopshmjny)| bhavapratyaya devoM aura nArakoM ko janma se hI hotA hai, mRtyu taka calatA hai / manuSyoM aura tiryaJcoM ko tapa Adi ke kAraNa jo avadhijJAna hotA hai, vaha guNapratyaya athavA kSayopazamajanita hai| ina donoM ke anugAmI-ananugAmI, hoyamAna-vardhamAna, pratipAtIapratipAtI, chaha prakAra athavA zroNiyA~ haiM / dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva, ina cAroM kI apekSA se avadhijJAna kI maryAdA yA sImA meM nyUnAdhikatA hotI hai| 1 uttarAdhyayana a. 3 gA. 8 2 taM samAsao chavvihaM paNNattaM, taM jahA-1 ANugAmiyaM, 2 aNANugAmiyaM, 3 baDDhamANayaM, 4 hoyamANayaM, 5 paDivAiyaM 6 appaDivAiyaM / nandIsUtra sU0 10
Page #390
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 70 | jaina tattvakalikA : caturtha kalikA (4) manaHparyAyajJAna jisase saMjJIpaMcendriya jIvoM ke manogata bhAvoM ko jAnA jA sake, vaha manaHparyAya yA manaHparyavajJAna kahalAtA hai| viziSTa nirmala AtmA jaba mana dvArA kisI prakAra kI vicAraNA karatA hai athavA kisI prakAra kA cintana karatA hai, taba cintanapravartaka mAnasavargaNA ke viziSTa AkAroM kI racanA hoto hai| unheM zAstrIya bhASA meM mana ke paryAya kahate haiN| saMjJIpaMcendriya jIvoM ke aise mana ke paryAyoM kA jJAna honA, manaHparyavajJAna hai| yaha bhI pratyakSa jJAna hai kyoMki manodravya kA sAkSAtkAra karane meM AtmA ko anumAnAdi parokSa pramANoM kA Azraya nahIM lenA pdd'taa| manaHparyavajJAna do prakAra kA hai-Rjumati aura vipulamati / manogata bhAvoM ko sAmAnyarUpa se jAnanA Rjumati aura vizeSarUpa se jAnanA vipulamati hai| (5) kevalajJAna jJAnAvaraNIyAdi cAra ghAtikarmoM kA sarvAMzataH nAza hone para jo eka, nirmala, paripUrNa, asAdhAraNa aura anantajJAna utpanna hotA hai, use kevalajJAna kahate haiN| ___eka arthAt--akelA-anya se rahita (kevalajJAna utpanna hotA hai, taba mati, zruta, avadhi aura manaHparyavajJAna nahIM hote, mAtra kevalajJAna hI hotA hai), nirmala arthAt sarvathA mala-azuddhi-rahita, paripUrNa (kevalajJAna utpanna hotA hai, taba jAnane yogya sarvapadArthoM kA sampUrNa jJAna ho jAtA hai, ataH vaha paripUrNa hai), asAdhAraNa (usake sadRza dUsarA eka bhI jJAna nahIM, ataH asAdhAraNa hai), aura ananta (Ane ke pazcAt jAtA nahIM, isalie antarahita) hai| isa jJAna kI prApti hone se bhUta, vartamAna aura bhaviSya ina tIna kAloM ke sarvapadArthoM ke sabhI paryAya pratyakSa jAne jAte haiN| AtmA ke jJAna kI yaha caramasImA hai| isase Age koI bhI jJAna nahIM hai| ataH jaba taka kevalajJAna (sarvajJatva) prApta na ho, taka taba sarvajJatva prApta karAne vAle matizrutajJAna kA tathA avadhi aura manaHparyavajJAna kA yathAzakti abhyAsa karanA hI zrutadharma kA pradhAna uddezya hai / yahI samyagjJAna ke rUpa meM zrutadharma kA viziSTa artha hai / /
Page #391
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ jaina tatva kAlakA paMcama kalikA samyagdarzana kA svarUpa [ zruta dharma ke saMdarbha meM ] phra vyavahAra samyagdarzana nizcaya samyagdarzana tatva : svarUpa aura prakAra sAta tatva nau tatva jIva tatva ke bheda-prabheda ajIva tatva kA vivecana Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA tatva mokSa tatva samyagdarzana ke ATha AcAra
Page #392
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Page #393
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ paMcama kalikA samyagdarzana-svarUpa (zru tadharma) yaha pahale kahA jA cukA hai ki koI bhI jJAna tabho samyak banatA hai, jaba vyakti kI dRSTi yA dazana samyaka ho| isIlie samyagjJAna athavA samyarajJAna kI prApti kA kAraNa suzAstra bhI tabhI samyagjJAna athavA samyakzruta ho sakatA hai, jabaki samyagdarzana usase pUrva ho| . . dUsarI dRSTi se dekheM to samyagdarzana ko mokSa kA sAdhana batAyA gayA hai| isalie mokSa AtmA se sambandhita hone ke kAraNa samyagdarzana bhI AtmA kA dharma hai / jaise jJAna AtmA kA nijI guNa hai, vaise darzana bhI hai / ataH jaise samyagjJAna kA ArAdhana zrutadharma kahalAtA hai, vaise hI samyaktva kA ArAdhana bhI zrutadharma hai| vyavahAra samyagdarzana kA lakSaNa samyagdarzana kA lakSaNa tattvArthasUtra meM kiyA gayA hai tattvArthazraddhAnaM samyagdarzanam / " arthAt --- 'tattvabhUta padArthoM para zraddhAna samyagdarzana hai|' parantu isa lakSaNa se yaha zaMkA utpanna ho sakatI hai ki tattvabhUta padArtha kauna se haiM ? aura ve hI kyoM tattvabhUta padArtha haiM ? isake atirikta eka zaMkA yaha bhI ho sakatI hai ki koI vyakti prakharabuddhi kA hai, usane zAstra yA grantha par3hakara yA suna-raTakara 6 tattvoM ko jAna bhI liyA, tathA una tattvoM ke bhedaprabheda, artha, lakSaNa, paribhASAe~ Adi kaNThastha bhI kara cukA, unake viSaya meM zaMkA-samAdhAna bhI kara detA hai, ukta tattvajJAna kI parIkSA meM bhI vaha uttIrNa ho cukA hai, tattvoM para vaha lambI-caur3I vyAkhyA bhI kara sakatA hai, apane paramparAgata saMskAroM ke karaNa vaha apane sampradAya ke guru se tattvabhUta padArthoM kA svarUpa samajha cukA hai, vANI se prakaTa bhI karatA hai, aisI sthiti meM kyA vaha vyakti samyagdarzana-sampanna mAnA jA sakatA hai ? 1 tattvArthamUtra a. 1, su.2
Page #394
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 72 | jaina tattvakalikA : paMcama kalikA ina donoM zaMkAoM meM se prathama zaMkA kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki mithyAdRSTi yA ajJAnI tattvabhUta padArtha cAhe jinako batAte hoM, athavA anya darzana bhI apanI-apanI paramparAnusAra tattvabhUta padArtha batAte hoM, parantu vyavahArasamyagdarzana kI vyAkhyA karane vAle AcAryoM ne yaha spaSTa kara diyA hai jinabhASita yA jinaprajJapta, tIrthaMkaropadiSTa tattva hI tattvabhUta haiM, anya nhiiN| vItarAga sarvajJa jinendradeva ne inhIM padArthoM ko tattvabhUta isalie batAyA hai kyoMki jIvatattva hI saba meM mukhya tattva hai, vahI zeSa tattvoM kA kendra hai| zeSa padArtha isI jIvatattva (AtmA) ke vikAsa evaM hrAsa meM evaM zuddhi-azuddhi meM, vikRti-avikRti meM nimitta-kAraNa haiM / jIva tattva ke atirikta zeSa 8 tattvabhUta-padArthoM meM AtmA kI saMsAravRddhi aura saMsArahAsa ke kAraNabhUta sabhI padArtha samAviSTa ho jAte haiM / ataH jina bhagavAn ne unhIM padArthoM ko tattvabhUta batAnA Avazyaka samajhA jo AtmA ke carama vikAsa ke lie sAdhaka yA bAdhaka haiM / tathA inhIM padArthoM meM kauna-se padArtha heya, jJaya aura upAdeya haiM ? yaha batAnA bhI Avazyaka thaa| isI dRSTi se jinendra prabhu ne jIva-ajIva ko jJeya; pApa, Azrava aura bandha, ina tInoM padArthoM ko heya; saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa ko upAdeya tathA puNya ko kathaJcit heya, kathaMcit upA- . deya batAkara inakI tattvarUpatA siddha kara dI hai| sUtraprAbhRta meM isI tathya kA samarthana kiyA gayA hai-jinendra bhagavAn ne jIva-ajIva Adi bahuvidha padArtha sutathya batAye haiM, unameM se jo heya haiM, unheM heyarUpa meM aura upAdeya ko upAdeyarUpa meM yathAtathya jAnatA-samajhatA hai, vahI samyagdRSTi hai| niSkarSa yaha hai ki jina bhagavAn ne heya, jJaya, upAdeya; ina tInoM meM se jo padArtha jaisA bhI jisa rUpa meM avasthita hai, usakA vaisA rUpa batAkara jIvAdi padArthoM kI tattvarUpatA spaSTa kara dI hai| 1 jaise ki vedAntadarzana kahatA hai--'ekamevAdvitIyaM brahma' sAMkhya aura yoga kramazaH 25 aura 26 (Izvara sahita) tattva mAnate haiN| 2 (ka) 'jiNapaNNattaM tattaM' -Avazyaka sUtra (kha) 'rucijinoktatattveSu -yogazAstra 3 uttamaguNANa dhAma, savvadavvANa uttamaM davvaM / taccANa paraM taccaM, jIvaM jANeha NicchayadA / / 4 sutatthaM jiNabhaNiyaM jIvAjIvAdi bahuvihaM atthaM / heyAheyaM ca tahA jo jANai, so hu suddiTThI / / -sUtraprAbhRta gA. 5
Page #395
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ samyagdarzana- svarUpa | 73 dUsarI zaMkA kA samAdhAna yaha hai, koI bhI vyakti tattvajJAna kA cAhe kitanA hI bar3A vidvAna hI kyoM na ho, ina tattvabhUta padArthoM para usakI zraddhAruci taba taka saccI zraddhA nahIM mAnI jA sakatI, jaba taka vaha vyakti una tattvabhUta padArthoM kA svarUpa aura unake apane-apane yathArtha svabhAva ko gaharAI se samajhakara hRdayaMgama na kara le athavA unameM se mukhya jIvatattva (AtmA) ko kendra mAnakara zeSa sabhI tattvoM ko Atmika bikAsa - hrAsa kI dRSTi se jAMcaparakhakara unake prati apanI dRSTi spaSTa na kara le| isake atirikta usa vyakti meM ina tattvabhUta padArthoM meM se heya-jJa ya upAdeya kA viveka karake heya ke tyAga aura upAdeya ko grahaNa karane kI buddhi na ho; tathA kaSAyamandatA, ' viSayAsakti kI nyUnatA, mokSa ke prati tIvra utsukatA, saMsAra ke prati virakti, prANimAtra ke prati anukampA, satya ke prati athavA AtmA-paramAtmA ke dRr3ha AsthA na ho, taba taka tattvabhUta padArthoM ke prati usakI zraddhA zabdAtmaka ho mAnI jAegI, AtmAnubhavAtmaka nahIM / antaHkaraNa meM jaba ajIva, bandha aura Azrava meM AkulatA tathA jIva, saMvara, nirjarA evaM mokSa meM nAkulatA (zAnti) dekhane kI vRtti hogI, tabhI tattvabhUta padArthoM para usakI zraddhA ko samyaktva kahA jAegA, aura vaha samyaktva bhI tabhI zrutadharma kA aMga mAnA jAegA / ra vyavahAra samyaktva ke sabase prAcIna lakSaNa meM yahI tathya spaSTa kiyA gayA hai - jIvAjIvA ya bandho ya, puNNaM pAvAsavo tahA / saMvaro nijjarA mokkho saMtee tahiyA nava // tahiyANaM tu bhAvANaM sabbhAve uvaesaNaM / bhAvaNaM saddahaMtassa sammattaM taM viyAhiyaM // arthAt - jIva, ajIva, bandha, puNya, pApa, Azrava, saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa, ye hI no tathya tattva ( tattvabhUta padArtha ) haiM / ina tattvabhUta (tathyasvarUpa ) padArthoM (bhAvoM) ke sadabhAva (astitva athavA svabhAva) ke sambandha meM jinendra bhagavAn dvArA kiye gaye upadeza (prarUpaNa) meM jo bhAvapUrvaka (antaHkaraNa se ) zraddhA hai, use hI samyaktva ( samyagdarzana) kahA gayA hai / tAtparya yaha ki jisa vyakti ko sirpha itanI-sI zraddhA ho ki jina 1 'jaM soccA paDivajjaM ti tavaM khaMtimahiMsayaM '' - uttarAdhyayana a. 3, gA. 8 2 prazama, saMvega, nirveda, anukampA, Astikya, ye pAMca samyagdRSTi jIva ke lakSaNa haiM / 3 uttarAdhyayana a. 28, gA. 14-15
Page #396
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 74 | jaina tattvakalikA : paMcama kalikA bhagavAn dvArA batAye gae amuka-amuka padArtha tattvabhUta haiM, to usakI yaha zraddhA AtmalakSyI nahIM hai; arthAt vaha jIvAdi padArthoM ke lakSaNa jAnate hae zraddhAzIla nahIM hai ki bhagavAn ne jaisA-jaisA jina tattvabhUta padArthoM kA svarUpa batAyA hai. ve vaise ho svabhAva ke haiN| jaise-AtmA (jIva) ke svabhAva jJAna-darzana haiM, ye usake nijI guNa haiM, AtmA kA svarUpa isa prakAra kA hai, ajIva yA pudgaloM ke svabhAva evaM guNa bhinna haiN| ve parabhAva haiN| ina tattvabhUta padArthoM meM se amuka-amuka padArtha bhere Atmahita meM bAdhaka haiM yA sAdhaka haiM / ye tattvabhUta padArtha heya haiM. ye jJaya haiM, aura ye upAdeya haiN| isa prakAra svabhAva ke prati AtmalakSyI zraddhA ke binA korI zraddhA kRtakArya nahIM ho sktii| ataH jaba tattva aura usake svabhAva ke nizcaya ke prati Atma-lakSyI zraddhAna hogA, sabhI samyagdarzana hogA, aura vahI zrutadharma khlaaegaa| samyagdarzana meM svAnubhUti Avazyaka deva, guru, dharma, zAstra aura tattvabhUta padArtha Adi ke prati zraddhAnarUpa jo vyavahAra samyagdarzana kA lakSaNa hai, vaha bhI tabhI sArthaka aura saphala ho sakatA hai, jaba AtmA ke prati zraddhA yA svAnubhUti ho, tathA AtmA ke viSaya meM dRr3ha pratIti, ruci yA vizvAsa ho| jaba zraddhA ko AtmA se abhinna batAyA gayA hai, taba kevala deva, guru, zAstra yA tattvabhUta padArthoM ke prati zraddhA se kAma nahIM cala sktaa| isIlie paMcAdhyAyI meM kahA gayA hai-"yadi zraddhA, pratIti, ruci Adi guNa svAnubhUti sahita haiM tabhI ve samyagdarzana ke lakSaNa (guNa) ho sakate haiM kintu svAnubhUti (svarUpAnupalabdhi) ke binA zraddhA Adi guNa samyagdarzana ke lakSaNa nahIM, lakSaNAbhAsa hI haiM / svAnubhUti (AtmA ke prati zraddhA-pratIti) ke binA jo zraddhA kevala zAstroM yA guru Adi ke upadeza ke zravaNa mAtra se hotI hai, vaha tattvArtha ke anukUla hote hue bhI vAstava meM zuddha AtmA kI upalabdhi se rahita hone se zuddha zraddhA nahIM kahalA sktii| vastutaH dekhA jAe to sabase bar3I aura mUla zraddhA AtmA para zraddhA 1 svAnubhUtisanAthAzcet santi zraddhAdayo gunnaaH| svAnubhUti binA''bhAsA nA'rthAcchaddhAdayo guNA: / / binA svAnubhUti tu yA zraddhA zrutamAtrataH / tattvArthAnugatA'pyarthAcchraddhA nAnupalabdhitaH / / --paMcAdhyAyI (uttarArdha), zlo. 415, 421
Page #397
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ samyagdarzana-svarUpa | 75 yA vizvAsa hai| AtmA kI yA AtmasvarUpa kI pratIti yA vinizcaya hone para hI Azrava evaM bandha ko chor3A jAtA hai, saMvara aura nirjarA kI sAdhanA kI jA sakatI hai| AtmasvarUpa para yA AtmazaktiyoM para vizvAsa nahIM jamA to bandhanoM ko tor3akara mokSa ke lie puruSArtha kaise kiyA jAegA? ataH AtmA para yathArtha zraddhA aura yathArtha evaM dRr3ha ruci, pratIti evaM vinizciti, upalabdhi, athavA vizvAsa hI nizcayasamyagdarzana hai, isase AtmA kI amaratA aura zuddhatA kA jJAna paripakva ho jAtA hai| sabhI adhyAtmavAdI darzanoM ne AtmA (jIva) ko anya sabhI tattvoM kA rAjA, pramukha yA cakravartI kahA hai| jIva (AtmA) kA vAstavika bodha yA anubhava hone para ajIva ko pahacAnanA AsAna ho jAtA hai, kyoMki jIva kA pratipakSI ajIva hai| isIlie jIva ke atirikta jitane bhI padArtha haiM, ve saba eka yA dUsare prakAra se jIva se hI sambandhita haiM, jIva kI sattA ke kAraNa hI una sabakI sattA hai| phalitArtha yaha hai ki samagra Atmadharma yA adhyAtmajJAna kA AdhAra yaha jIva hI hai / isIlie jaba nizcayasamyagdarzana (jisameM ki AtmA kI anubhUti, zraddhA aura vinizciti honI anivArya hai,) se yaha nizcaya ho jAtA hai ki maiM ajIva se bhinna cetana Atmatatva haiM, taba AtmA meM kisI prakAra kA mithyAtva aura ajJAna nahIM rhtaa| aisI sthiti meM samyagdRSTi vyakti jaba jIva aura ajIva, ina donoM tattvoM ke paramArtha aura svarUpa ko jAnakara ajIva ko chor3atA aura jIvatattva meM laya ho jAtA hai, taba vaha Atmadharma -zrutadharma kA ArAdhaka hotA hai| jisake phalasvarUpa rAga-dvaSa kA kSaya karake anta meM mokSa prApta karatA hai| ___'para' meM sva-buddhi tathA 'sva' meM para-buddhi kA rahanA hI mithyAtva hai, jo bandhakAraka hai, jabaki 'sva' meM sva-buddhi aura 'para' meM para-buddhi kA rahanA hI bheda-vijJAna hai / yahI nizcayasamyagdarzana kA kAraNa hai| nizcaya aura vyavahArasamyagdarzana kA samanvaya ___ yaha bAta anubhavasiddha hai ki jaba taka AtmA aura karmoM ke sambandha se jina sAta yA nau tattvoM kI sRSTi hotI hai, unake tathA unake upadeSTA deva, guru, dharma aura zAstra ke prati zraddhAna nahIM hotA, taba taka AtmasvarUpa kA vinizcaya yA anubhava nahIM ho pAtA; kyoMki paramparA se ye sabhI eka dUsarI taraha se AtmazraddhAna ke kAraNa haiN| jaise-devAdi para zraddhAna binA, unake dvArA upadiSTa tattvoM yA padArthoM para zraddhAna nahIM ho sakatA, unake
Page #398
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 76 | jaina tattvakalikA : paMcama kalikA dvArA upadiSTa tattvoM yA padArthoM para zraddhAna hue binA AtmA kI ora sammukhatA, ruci, zraddhA, usakI pahicAna yA vinizciti uttarottara nahIM ho sakatI / isa dRSTi se vyavahAra samyagdarzana aura nizcaya samyagdarzana, eka dUsare se anusyUta haiM / ataH zrutadharma ke sandarbha meM AtmazraddhAna evaM AtmajJAna ke lie deva, guru, dharma, zAstra aura inake dvArA upadiSTa 7 yA tattvoM para zraddhAna aura jJAna Avazyaka hai / sAta aura nau tattvoM kA rahasya jainAgamoM meM & tattvoM kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai, jabaki tattvArtha sUtra Adi granthoM meM sAta tattvoM kA hI ullekha hai, isa antara ke rahasya ko samajha lenA caahie| vAstava meM zubhakarmoM kA Agamana puNyAzrava aura azubhakarmoM kA Agamana pApAzrava hai; tathA zubhakarmoM kA bandha puNyabandha aura azubhakarmoM kA bandha pApabandha hai, isa dRSTi se puNya aura pApa ina do tattvoM kA antarbhAva Azrava yA bandha meM ho jAtA hai / isa kAraNa tattvArthasUtra Adi granthoM meM sAta tattvoM kA hI nirdeza hai / inhIM ko atisaMkSepa meM kahanA cAheM to jIva aura ajIva ina do tattvoM meM samAviSTa kara sakate haiM / tattvabhUta padArtha sAta hI kyoM ? kisI bhI kArya kI saphalatA ke lie yathArthataH sAta bAtoM kA jAnanA aura una para zraddhA karanA Avazyaka hai / inheM jAne yA zraddhA kiye binA, ukta mahattvapUrNa kArya meM saphalatA to dUra rahI, vaha kArya prArambha hI na ho sakegA / isI prakAra agara ina sAta tathyoM (tattvoM) meM se sirpha kinhIM eka yA do meM jJAna evaM zraddhAna ke atirikta zeSa tathyoM kI paravAha na karake samyadarzana ke sandarbha meM zrutadharma kI sAdhanA prArambha kara dI jAegI, to Age calakara ukta dharmasAdhaka ko asaphalatA, nirAzA tathA samaya evaM zakti ke apavyaya kA hI sAmanA karanA par3egA / vyAvahArika udAharaNoM se isa bAta ko samajhie - (1) eka vyakti ko kisI rAsAyanika padArtha kA kArakhAnA lagAnA hai, to use nimnokta tathyoM para vicAra aura nizcaya karanA hogA - (1) mUla padArtha (Raw Material) kyA hai ? (2) usake samparka meM Akara vikRti (Impurities) paidA karane vAle vijAtIya padArtha kauna-se haiM ? (3) unake mizrita hone kA kyA kAraNa hai ? (4) padArtha kA mizrita svarUpa kyA hai ? 1 'jIvAjIvAsravabandhasaMvara nirjarA mokSAstattvam ' --tattvArthasUtra a. 1, sU. 4
Page #399
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ samyagdarzana-svarUpa | 77 (5) mizraNa ko rokane evaM sAvadhAnI rakhane kA upAya kyA hai ? (6) mizrita vijAtIya padArthoM ke zodhana kA upAya tathA (7) zuddha padArtha kA svarUpa kyA hai ? (2) eka rugNa vyakti ko roga ko sarvathA nimUla karake pUrNa svastha honA hai, use bhI ina 7 tathyoM ko jAnakara una para zraddhA evaM ruci karanI Avazyaka hai| jaise--(1) nIrogI-svastha rahanA merA mUla svabhAva hai| (2) parantu vartamAna meM mere svabhAva ke viruddha kauna-sA roga A gayA hai ? (3) isa roga kA kAraNa, (4) roga kA nidAna, (5) roga ko rokane kA upAya-apa - thyasevana kA niSedha; (6) purAne roga ke samUla nAza ke lie upAya-auSadha sevana; evaM (7) nIrogI avasthA kA svarUpa / jisa prakAra laukika kAryoM kI saphalatA ke lie 7 tathyoM ko jAnanAmAnanA aura zraddhA karanA Avazyaka hai, usI prakAra AtmA ke anantasukharUpa kArya yA ananta jJAnAdi rUpa pUrNasvarUpa dazA-zuddhadazA prApta karane jaise lokottara kArya kI saphalatA ke lie bhI pUrvokta 7 tathyoM (tattvoM) ko jAnanA aura una para zraddhA karanA anivArya hai : (1) maiM jise pUrNa Atmika sUkha cAhie, vaha (jIva) kyA hai ? (2) samparka meM Ane vAlA vijAtIya padArtha (ajIva) kyA hai ? (3) duHkha aura azAnti ke Agamana (Azrava) ke kAraNa, (4) du:kha aura azAnti kA rUpa kyA hai ? (bandha) (5) naye (Ane vAle) duHkhoM ko rokane (saMvara) kA upAya, (6) pUrva duHkhoM ko naSTa karane kA upAya aura (7) ananta sukhamaya dazA kA svarUpa kyA hai ? adhyAtmajijJAsu ke nau prazna : nau tattva tIrthakara maharSiyoM ne adhyAtmajijJAsU ke mana meM svAbhAvika rUpa se uThane vAle 6 praznoM ke uttara ke rUpa meM ina tattvabhUta 6 padArthoM ko prastuta kiyA hai aura inakA jJAna aura inake prati zraddhAna Avazyaka batAyA hai| jaise-sarvaprathama jijJAsu ke mana meM yaha prazna upasthita hotA hai-'mere AsapAsa jo jagat phailA huA dikhAI detA hai, vaha vAstava meM kyA hai ?' isI ke uttara meM AptapuruSoM ne 'jIva' aura 'ajIva' ye do tattva prastuta kiye / 'sukhaduHkha ke anubhava karane ke kAraNa kyA-kyA haiM ?' isa prazna ke samAdhAna ke rUpa meM unhoMne 'puNya' aura 'pApa' nAmaka do tattva prastuta kiye| kyA duHkha se sarvathA mukti milanA sambhava hai ?' isa prazna ke uttara ke rUpa meM unhoMne 'mokSa' tattva prastuta kiyaa| kyoMki manuSya kI satpravattiyoM uddezya duHkhanivatti aura
Page #400
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 78 | jaina tattvakalikA : paMcama kalikA Atyantika sukhaprApti ho to use mokSa ko hI apanA dhyeya banAnA caahie| tatpazcAt yaha prazna uThatA hai ki 'yadi duHkha se mukti prApta kI jA sakatI hai, to usake upAya kyA haiM ?' isa prazna kA vistRta samAdhAna dene ke lie unhoMne do niSedhAtmaka aura do vidheyAtmaka prazna aura unake kramazaH cAra uttara prastuta kiye haiN| jaise-naye duHkhoM ke Ane ke kAraNa aura unheM rokane ke upAya kyA haiM ? tathA purAne duHkhoM ke kyA kAraNa haiM aura unheM naSTa karane ke upAya kyA haiM ? ina cAroM praznoM ke uttara meM vItarAga manISiyoM ne Asrava aura saMvara tathA bandha aura nirjarA tattva prastuta kiye haiN| isa prakAra tIrthaMkara devoM ne nau tattvoM kA pratipAdana karake adhyAtmajijJAsu ke mana meM uThane vAle sabhI tAttvika praznoM kA samAdhAna kiyA hai / nau tattvoM kA krama jaina zAstroM meM nau tattvoM kA krama nimna prakAra se nirdhArita kiyA gayA hai-(1) jIva, (2) ajIva, (3) puNya, (4) pApa, (5) Asrava, (6) saMvara, (7) nirjarA, (8) bandha praura (9) mokSa / nau tattvoM kA yaha krama niyata karane kA prayojana isa prakAra hai-- (1) jIva-sabhI tattvoM ko jAnane-samajhane vAlA tathA saMsAra aura mokSa viSayaka sabhI pravattiyA~ karane vAlA jIva hI hai| jIva ke binA ajIva tattva athavA puNyAdi tattva sambhava hI nahIM ho sakate / ataH sarvaprathama jIva tattva kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai / (2) ajIva-jIva kI gati, sthiti, avagAhana, vartanA Adi saba ajIva tattva kI sahAyatA ke vinA asambhava haiM, isalie dUsare krama meM 'ajIva' tatva kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| (3-4) puNya-pApa-jIva ke sAMsArika sukha-duHkha ke kAraNabhUta haiMajIva ke eka vibhAga-pudgala-ke karmarUpa vikaar| ve hI puNya aura pApa haiM / ataH tIsarA aura cauthA tattva batAyA gayA-puNya aura pApa / (5) Asrava-puNya-pApa Asrava ke binA nahIM ho sakate / ataH naye karmoM ke AgamanarUpa Asrava kA nirdeza kiyA gyaa| (6) saMvara-Asrava kA pratirodhI tattva saMvara hai, jo karmoM ko Ane se rokatA hai| ataH Asrava ke anantara saMvara kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| (7) nirjarA-jisa prakAra naye karmoM kA Agamana saMvara dvArA rukatA hai, usI prakAra purAne karmoM kA kSaya nirjarA se hotA hai / ataH sAtavA~ nirjarA tattva batAyA gayA /
Page #401
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ samyagdarzana svarUpa | 76 (8) bandha-nirjarA kA pratipakSI tattva bandha hai / arthAt-jisa prakAra purAne karma nirjarA se jhar3a jAte haiM, usI prakAra naye karmoM kA bandha bhI hotA jAtA hai / ataH AThavA~ vandhatattva prastuta kiyA gyaa| (E) mokSa-jIva kA karmoM se jaise sambandha hotA hai, vaise unase sarvathA chuTakArA bhI eka dina ho sakatA hai| sampUrNa karmA se sarvathA mukti ko hI mokSatattva kahate haiN| isalie nauvA~ tathA antima mokSatattva mAnA gyaa| jIva prathama tatva hai aura mokSa antima / isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki jIva mokSa prApta kara sake, isIlie bIca ke (mokSa meM sAdhaka-bAdhaka) sabhI tattvoM kA nirUpaNa huA hai| - nau tattvoM kI vizeSatA bhAratIya darzanoM meM kucha jJayapradhAna haiN| ve mukhyatayA jJaya ko hI carcA karate haiM-jaise sAMkhya, vedAnta, naiyAyika aura vaizeSika / naiyAyika aura vaizeSika ne apanI dRSTi se jagat kA nirUpaNa karate hae, mUladravya kitane haiM. kaise haiM, aura anya kauna-se padArtha unase sambandhita haiM ? ityAdi bAtoM kI jAnakArI karane ke lie kucha bAtoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| sAMkhyadarzana prakRti, puruSa Adi 25 tattvoM kA jJAna karane para jora detA hai| isI prakAra vedAntadarzana bho jagat ke mUlabhUta brahmatattva kI mImAMsA karake use jAnane para bala detA hai / yogadarzana aura bauddhadarzana mukhyatayA heya aura upAdeya kI hI carcA karate haiN| jainadarzana ne jaise bandha, Asrava, mokSa aura nirjarA, ye cAra tattva mAne haiM, vaise hI yogadarzana ne heya (duHkha), heyahetu (duHkha kA kAraNa), hAna (mokSa) aura hAnopAya (mokSa kA kAraNa), isa catuvyUharUpa tattvoM kA, tathA bauddhadarzana ne duHkha, duHkha samudaya, nirodha aura mArga ina cAra AryasatyoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| / parantu jinapraNota darzana kA spaSTa mantavya hai ki jagat ke mUlabhUta tatvoM ke jAnane-mAtra se mukti nahIM miltii| usake lie mahApuruSoM ne jo sAdhana (samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra) batAye haiM, unakA bhI anusaraNa karanA caahie| arthAt kriyA kA bhI avalambana lenA caahie| sAtha hI yaha bhI dhyAtavya hai ki kevala kriyA se bhI mukti nahIM milatI, 1 "paMcaviMzatitattvajJo yatra kutrAzrame rataH / jaTI muNDI zikhI vA'pi mucyate nAtra saMzayaH // "
Page #402
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 80 | jaina tattvakalikA : paMcama kalikA usake lie jagat ke jo mUlabhUta tattva batAe haiM, unakA jJAna aura una para zraddhAna bhI karanA Avazyaka hai / " jise ina tattvoM kA jJAna nahIM yA zraddhA bhI nahIM, vaha mokSa sAdhaka kriyA bhalIbhA~ti nahIM kara sakatA / isake lie jaina dArzanikoM ne rogI kA dRSTAnta diyA hai eka rogI hai / vaha yaha jAnatA hai ki mujhe kauna-sA roga huA hai ? aura kina upAyoM se miTa sakatA hai ? parantu roga miTAne ke lie vaha koI upAya yA upacAra nahIM karatA; to usakA roga nahIM miTa sktaa| isI prakAra eka dUsarA rogI hai, use roga huA hai, isalie vaha aneka prakAra ke upacAra roga nivAraNArtha karatA rahatA hai, lekina roga kauna-sA hai ? usakA svarUpa kauna-sA hai ? vaha kyoM bar3hatA hai ? kina upAyoM se ghaTa sakatA hai yA miTa sakatA hai ? ityAdi kucha nahIM jAnatA / batAie, aise rogI kA roga kaise miTa sakatA ? jaise roga se mukta hone ke lie roga kA nidAna, roganivAraNopAyajJAna evaM cikitsA tInoM Avazyaka hai, vaise hI bhavabhramaNarUpa roga se mukti ke lie jJAna, darzana, (zraddhA) aura kriyA; tInoM Avazyaka haiM / isI kAraNa nau tattvoM meM jJa eya, heya aura upAdeya tInoM prakAra ke tattvoM ko sthAna diyA gayA hai / nau tattvoM meM jIva aura ajIva, ye do jJayatattva haiM, jinase samasta loka, vizva yA jagat kA jJAna ho sakatA hai / pApa, Asrava aura bandha, tInoM heyatattva hai / manuSya ko kyA chor3anA cAhie ? athavA kyA nahIM karanA cAhie ?, yaha ina tIna tattvoM se jAnA jA sakatA hai / saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa, ye tInoM upAdeya tattva haiM / inase yaha jAnA jA sakatA hai ki manuSya ko kyA grahaNa karanA cAhie ? yA kauna-sA kArya karanA cAhie, puNya, vaise to sone kI ber3I ke samAna hone se heya hai, kintu AtmaguNoM ke vikAsa kI sAdhanA meM sahAyaka hone se kathaJcit upAdeya samajhanA cAhie / nau tattvoM kA svarUpa jIva- ajIva Adi 7 yA tattvoM para yathArtha jJAnayukta zraddhAna ko samyagdarzana kahA hai, taba yaha prazna uThanA svAbhAvika hai ki jIva Adi 1 ihamege u mannaMti apaccakkhAya pAvagaM / AyariyaM vidittANaM savvadukkhA vimuccae || tA tA baMdha - mokkhapaiNNiNo / vAyAvIriyametteNa samAsAseMti appayaM // -- uttarAdhyayana a. 6, gA. 8-6
Page #403
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ samyagdarzana- svarUpa | 81 tatvoM kA svarUpa kyA hai ? ataH ina tatvoM kA svarUpa kramazaH saMkSepa meM batAte haiM / (1) jIvatatva jIva kA lakSaNa : upayoga, cetanA, prANadhAraNa-- jIva kA vyutpatti ke AdhAra para artha kiyA gayA hai, jo jItA hai, prANadhAraNa karatA hai, vaha jIva hai / " sarvasAdhAraNa logoM kI dRSTi se jIva kA yaha lakSaNa ThIka hai; kyoMki jaba taka prANI ke zarIra meM jIva rahatA hai, taba taka mana, vacana, zarIra, indriya, puNya-pApa, zubhAzubha Adi kA vyApAra calatA rahatA hai, jisa samaya ata zarIra ko chor3a detA hai, usI samaya se jIvana kI samasta kriyAe~ apaneApa banda ho jAtI haiM / nizcayanaya kI dRSTi se jIva nizcaya bhAva-prANa (jJAna, darzana, sukha, borya) se jItA hai, aura vyavahAranaya kI dRSTi se karmavaza azuddha dravya bhAva- prANa (5 indriya, 3 vala, 1 Ayu aura 1 zvAsozvAsa ) ina dasa prANoM se jItA hai / kintu jIva kA yaha artha saMsArI jIvoM meM hI ghaTita hotA hai, siddha jIvoM meM nahIM / ataH jainAcAryoM ne jIva kA lakSaNa kiyA- 'cetanA lakSaNo jIvaH' arthAt -- jisameM cetanA ( caitanya athavA cetana) ho, ghaha jIva hai / yaha jIva kA mukhya lakSaNa yA guNa hai, jo ajova meM nahIM pAyA jAtA / jIva jJAna darzana kA dhAraka hone se 'cetana' kahalAtA hai| cetanaguNa ke kAraNa hI jIva sukha-duHkha kA saMvedana karatA hai / isIlie jIva kA spaSTa lakSaNa kiyA gayA- 'upayogo lakSaNam' arthAt - jIva kA lakSaNa upayoga hai / " yaha lakSaNa saMsArasya aura siddha donoM prakAra ke jIvoM meM ghaTita hotA hai / kucha logoM kA kahanA hai ki cetanA ko jIva kA lakSaNa mAnane kI apekSA zarIra kA lakSaNa mAnA jAya to kyA Apatti hai ? parantu unakA yaha kathana yathArthaM nahIM hai / yadi cetanA ko zarIra kA lakSaNa mAnA jAe to maraNAvasthA meM jIva ke zarIra meM se nikala jAne ke bAda bhI zarIra cetanAyukta rahanA cAhie, kintu maraNAvasthA meM vaha cetanArahita ho jAtA hai / isake atirikta cetanA zarIra kA lakSaNa ho to bar3e yA moTe zarIra meM adhika cetanA aura adhika jJAna honA cAhie tathA dubale-patale zarIra meM kama cetanA honI cAhie tathA jJAna kI mAtrA bhI kama honI cAhie / kintu aisA nahIM 1 jIvati prANAn dhArayatIti jIvaH / 2 (ka) 'jIvo uvaogalakkhaNo' (kha) tasvArthasUtra a. 3 sU. 8
Page #404
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 82 | jaina tattvakalikA : paMcama kalikA pAyA jAtA; pratyuta vizAlakAya lambe-caur3e zarIra vAle prANiyoM meM jJAna kama hotA hai / hAthI, U~Ta aura baila kI apekSA manuSya kA zarIra choTA hote hue bhI usameM jJAna adhika pAyA jAtA hai / manuSyoM meM bhI moTe-tAje dikhAI dene vAle vyaktiyoM kI apekSA durbala aura kama lambe dikhAI dene vAle sAdhu-santoM aura vidvAnoM meM adhika jJAna hotA hai / ataH cetanA zarIra kA lakSaNa nahIM mAnA jA sakatA, apitu zarIra se bhinna jIva yA AtmA kA hI lakSaNa hai / upayoga zabda jaina dharma kA pAribhASika zabda hai / usakA artha haijJAna kA sphuraNa, bodha-vyApAra yA jAnane kI pravRtti / upayoga do prakAra kA hotA hai - nirAkAra aura sAkAra / vastu kA sAmAnya bodha honA nirAkAra upayoga hai, jabaki vizeSa rUpa se bodha honA sAkAra upayoga hai / ina donoM ko kramazaH darzana aura jJAna kahate haiM / inameM pradhAnatA jJAna kI hI hai / jijJAsA ho sakatI hai ki yadi upayoga hI jIva kA lakSaNa ho to nigoda jaisI nimnatama evaM suSupta cetanA vAlI avasthA meM kyA upayoga hotA hai ? isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki nigoda jaisI nimnatama avasthA meM bhI jIva ko akSara ke anantaveM bhAga jitanA upayoga avazya hotA hai / yadi itanA bhI upayoga na ho to jIva aura ajIva meM yA cetana aura jar3a meM koI bhI antara nahIM rhegaa| hA~, itanA avazya hai ki upayoga to pratyeka jIva meM hotA hai, kintu vaha usakI avasthA yA zakti ke vikAsa ke anusAra bhinna-bhinna prakAra kA hotA hai, arthAt -- usameM tAratamya bahuta hotA haiM / nigoda ke jIvoM kA upayoga atyanta manda hotA hai / unase vikasita cetanA vAle jIvoM kA upayoga uttarottara adhikAdhika hotA hai / sabase adhika aura zreSThatama upayoga kevalajJAnI kA hotA hai / upayoga kI isa nyUnAdhikatA kA kAraNa jIva ke sAtha lagA huA karma kA AvaraNa hai / vaha AvaraNa jitanA adhika gAr3hA hotA hai, utanA hI upayoga kama hotA hai, aura AvaraNa jitanA adhika zithila yA sUkSma hotA hai, utanA hI upayoga adhika hotA hai / nigoda ke jIvoM para karma kA AvaraNa bahuta hI gAr3ha hotA hai, ataH unakA upayoga bhI atimanda hotA hai, aura kevalajJAnI ke jJAnAvaraNIyAdi karma kA AvaraNa bilakula bhI nahIM hotA, ataH unakA upayoga paripUrNa, sarvazreSTha hotA hai / jIva upayogavAn hotA hai, isI se use sukha-duHkha kA saMvedana hotA hai, jo yaha sUcita karatA hai ki gAya, bhaiMsa, hAthI, ghor3e, bandara, magaramaccha, matsya, sA~pa, bicchU, kanakhajUre, kIr3e Adi jantuoM meM jIva haiM / pRthvI, jala
Page #405
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ samyagdarzana - svarUpa | 83 agni, vAyu aura vanaspati meM bhI sukha-duHkha kA saMvedana hotA hai, ataH inameM bhI jIva haiM / prasiddha jIva vaijJAnika zrI jagadIzacandra basu ne vanaspati para prayoga karake yaha siddha kara diyA ki vanaspati meM jIva hai, unheM bhI sukha-duHkha kA saMvedana hotA hai / " usI prakAra kRSi vaijJAnika bhI pRthvI meM jIva mAnate haiM aura jIva sahita pRthvI ko jIvita bhUmi (Living Soil) kahate haiM / eka bU~da sApha aura svaccha jala meM bhI lAkhoM sUkSma jIva dekhe haiM / isa prakAra yaha spaSTa hai ki pRthvI, jala, vAyu, vanaspati, agni-ina pAMcoM meM bhI jIva hai / sUkhI, lakar3I, kA~ca, kAgaja Adi meM jIva nahIM hai, kyoMki inheM sukhaduHkha kA saMvedana nahIM hotA, unameM koI bodha - vyApAra yA upayoga nahIM hotA hai / jIva ko prAMNI bhI kahate haiM, kyoMki vaha prANa dhAraNa karatA hai / prANa do prakAra kA hai-- dravyaprANa aura bhAva prANa / dravyaprANa ke 10 bheda haiMpA~ca indriyA~, tIna bala ( manobala, vacanabala aura kAyabala) zvAsocchvAsa aura AyuSya / kisI bhI nikRSTa avasthA meM jIva ke inameM se cAra prANa avazya hote haiM / jIva kI avasthA jyoM-jyoM vikasita hotI hai, tyoM-tyoM usameM prANoM kI saMkhyA meM vRddhi hotI hai aura anta meM vaha dasoM prANoM ko dhAraNa karane vAlA hotA hai / bhAvaprANa cAra hote haiM-- jJAna, darzana, sukha aura vIrya, ye pratyeka jIva avazya hote haiM / nikRSTa avasthA meM ve avyakta aura sAmAnya manuSyoM dvArA ajJAta hote haiM, parantu jIva kI kramazaH unnata avasthA meM ve vyakta hote jAte haiM aura sAmAnya manuSyoM dvArA bhI jJAta hote haiM / jo jIva sarvakarmoM kA kSaya kara detA hai, usakI dehadhAraNa kriyA kA anta hone para vaha dravyaprANoM ko dhAraNa nahIM karatA / kintu bhAvaprANa to usa samaya bhI avazya hote haiM / ataH prANadhAraNa jIva kI vizeSatA hai / jIva kA svarUpa -- nizcayanaya kI dRSTi se bhagavatI sUtra meM kahA gayA hai 1 jaise ki smRti meM bhI kahA haiantaHprajJA bhavantyete sukhaduHkhasamanvitAH / zArIrajaiH karmadoSairyAnti sthAvaratAM naraH //
Page #406
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 84 | jaina tattvakalikA : paMcama kalikA 'jIvo aNAi anidhaNo avinAsI akkhao dhuvo niccaM / ' arthAt-jIva anAdi hai, anidhana hai, avinAzI hai, akSaya hai, dhrava hai aura nitya hai| vAstava meM jIva (AtmA) kA svarUpa to aisA hI hai, ise spaSTarUpa se samajha lenA Avazyaka hai| anAdi-kahane kA Azaya yaha hai ki vaha kisI. vizeSaH samaya para utpanna nahIM huA; amuka samaya para usakA janma nahIM huaa| vaha ajanmA hai, aja hai| yadi jIva ko samaya-vizeSa para utpanna huA mAnA jAyegA to prazna hogA-vaha kaba huA ? kaise huA ? kisane utpanna kiyA ? ityAdi aneka prazna utpanna hoMge, jinameM anavasthAdi doSa kI saMbhAvanA tathA yukti-pramANaviruddhatA hone se vaha tathArUpa utpattisvabhAva kA siddha nahIM hotaa| - yadi kaheM ki 'deha ke sAtha hI jIva utpanna hotA hai, usakI utpatti kA kAraNa paMcabhUtoM kA saMyojana hai', taba to paMcabhUtoM ke saMyojana se utpanna hone vAle sabhI jIvoM kA eka sarIkhA jJAna, darzana, svabhAva Adi honA caahie| parantu aisA hai nhiiN| prANiyoM ke jJAna, darzana aura svabhAva meM nyUnAdhikatva aura paryApta antara pAyA jAtA hai| phira pAMcoM bhUta jar3a haiM, caitanyarahita haiM, unase caitanyayukta jova kI utpatti kaise ho sakatI hai ? ataH jIva ko anAdi mAnanA hI ucita hai / anAdi mAnane para ye saba zaMkAe~ samAhita ho jAtI haiM / nizcaya naya se jIva anAdi hone para bhI vyavahAranaya se jIva sukha-duHkhavedanAvaza zubhAzubha karma bAMdhatA hai aura unake phalasvarUpa nAnAgatiyoM aura yoniyoM meM, vividha paryAyoM meM utpanna hotA hai| paryAya dRSTi aura eka gati se dUsarI gati meM jAne kI apekSA usakI Adi mAnI jAtI hai| jIva ko anidhana kahane kA Azaya yaha hai ki vaha kabhI bhI maratA nahIM, amara hai| nizcayanaya kI dRSTi se yaha kathana hai, kintu vyavahAranaya kI daSTi se yaha kahA jAtA hai ki 'amuka jIva mara gyaa|' mara jAne kA artha itanA hI hai ki usane jisa deha ko dhAraNa kiyA thA, usa deha se usakA sambandha viccheda ho gyaa| AyuSyakarma kI avadhi pUrNa hone para usakA isa deha se chuTakArA huaa| anya gatiyoni meM usakA janma huaa| jIva kI dehaparivartana kI isa kriyA ko maraNa kahA jAtA hai, kintu vAstava meM yaha jIva kA vinAza nahIM hai| jIva ko avinAzI kahane kA tAtparya hai-zastra usakA chedana-bhedana
Page #407
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ samyagdarzana - svarUpa | 85 nahIM kara sakate, agni use jalA nahIM sakatI, jala use bhigo nahIM sakatA, vAyu use sukhA nahIM sakatA, cAhe jaise zaktizAlI yaMtroM yA pracaNDa tIvra rAsAyanika prayogoM se jIva kA vinAza nahIM ho sakatA / deha avazya kaTatA, galatA, jalatA, sUkhatA yA naSTa hotA hai, AtmA nahIM / jIva ko 'akSaya' isa kAraNa kahA gayA hai ki usameM kabhI bhI kucha kamI nahIM hotI / ananta bhUtakAla meM vaha jitanA thA, utanA hI Aja hai, aura jitanA Aja hai utanA hI ananta bhaviSyakAla meM bhI rahegA / yadi jIva meM jarA bhI kSINatA (kamI) hogI to eka samaya aisA A sakatA hai, jaba ki vaha sarvathA ( pUrNarUpa se) kSINa ho jaae| lekina jIva ke akSaya hone se aisI koI paristhiti utpanna nahIM hotI hai, zarIra meM avazya hAni-vRddhi hotI hai, para vaha jIva kI nahIM, zarIra ko hai -- caitanyAzrita zarIra kI hai / jIva ko 'dhruva' kahane kA Azaya bhI yahI hai ki vaha dravyArthikanaya kI apekSA se dravya ke rUpa meM sthAyI rahatA hai, paryAyArthikanaya kI apekSA se vaha karmavaza nAnA paryAyeM dhAraNa karatA hai / kabhI siMha banA to kabhI hAthI, kabhI manuSya banA to kabhI deva / jIva ko 'mitha' kahane kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki dravya kI apekSA se usakA kabhI anta nahIM hotA, kevala paryAyArthikanaya kI apekSA se usakA dehApekSayA rUpAntara hotA rahatA hai, kintu yaha parivartana vastutaH jIva ( AtmA ) kA nahIM, jIva ke Azrita zarIra kA hai / jIva 'asaMkhya pradezAtmaka' hai / pradeza kA artha hai -- sUkSmatama bhAga | upamA kI bhASA meM kaheM to jIva ke pradeza lokAkAza ke pradezoM ke barAbara haiM / ve saba pradeza zRMkhalA (sAMkala) kI kar3iyoM kI taraha paraspara eka dUsare meM pha~se hue haiM, isa kAraNa unakA ekatva banA rahatA hai / AtmA ke khaNDa (Tukar3e) kadApi nahIM hote, vaha sadaiva akhaNDa banA rahatA hai / saMkoca - vikAsazIla - yadyapi nizcayadRSTi se AtmA (jIva ) akriya ( kriyArahita ) hai, kintu vyavahAradRSTi se vaha zarIrAzrita hone se vividha kriyAe~ mana-vacana-kAyA se karatA hai / ' zaMkA uThAI jA sakatI hai ki hAthI ke zarIra meM rahA huA AtmA (jIva ) hAthI kA zarIra chor3akara jaba cIMTI kA zarIra dhAraNa karatA hai, taba to usakA khaNDa hotA hogA, yA vaha kriyA bhI karatA hogA ? 1 jIvo uvaogamao amutti kattA sadehaparimANo / bhottA saMsArattho siddho so vissasoDhagaI || -- bRhadravyasagraha adhi. 1, gA. 2
Page #408
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 86 | jama tattvakalikA : paMcama kalikA jainadarzana isa viSaya meM yaha samAdhAna detA hai ki jIva jisa prakAra akhaNDa aura akriya hai, usI prakAra prakAza kI taraha saMkoca-vikAsazIla bhI hai, tathA deha se sambandha hone ke kAraNa, kriyA bhI karatA hai| isIlie bar3e yA choTe kamare meM prakAza kI taraha bar3e yA choTe zarIra meM usakI avagAhanA ke anusAra vyApta hokara rahatA hai| hAthI ke zarIra meM rahA huA jIva hAthI kA zarIra chor3akara jaba cIMTI kA zarIra dhAraNa karatA hai taba vaha saMkucita ho jAtA hai, aura jaba cIMTI kA zarIra chor3akara vaha hAthI kA zarIra dhAraNa karatA hai, taba vaha vistRta ho jAtA hai / rabara ko khIMcakara lambA kiyA jAe to vizeSa sImA taka hI lambA ho sakatA hai, usase adhika lambA karane para vaha TUTa jAtA hai, lekina jIva cAhe jitanA lambA-caur3A phailane para bhI nahIM TUTatA, khaNDita nahIM hotaa| ataH saMkoca-vistAra hone tathA khaNDa hone kA antara spaSTa samajha lenA caahie| isa bAta ko eka aura daSTAnta ke samajha lIjie, mAnavazizu, athavA pazu-zizu jaba janma letA hai to usakA AkAra bahuta choTA hotA hai, bAda meM bar3hatA jAtA hai| zarIra-vRddhi ke sAtha-sAtha hI jIva apane prasaraNa guNa ke kAraNa dehapramANa hotA jAtA hai| dehaparimANa-jIva dehaparimANa hai, arthAt-jIva sampUrNa zarIra meM vyApta hokara rahatA hai, usase bAhara vyApta hokara nahIM rahatA / kaI dArzanika jIva ko deha se bAhara vyApta-arthAt-vizva (brahmANDa) vyApI mAnate haiM / parantu aisA nahIM hai| yadi jIva ko vizvavyApI mAnA jAe to itane jIvoM ke avagAhana ke lie kaI lokakAza cAhie, jabaki lokakAza to eka hI hai / isa sthiti meM to usakA amuka zarIra ke sAtha koI sambandha hI nahIM raha skegaa| kaI dArzanika (aupaniSadika) kahate haiM-AtmA (jIva) cAvala yA jau ke dAne ke samAna yA rIThe jitanA, aMgaThe jitanA, athavA eka bAlizta (bItA) bhara hai Adi / arthAta-jIva deha se sakSma parimANa vAlA (choTA) hai| taba pratiprazna uThatA hai ki deha se sakSma jIva rahatA kahAM hai ? aisA kaheM ki vaha hRdaya meM yA mastiSka meM rahatA hai, taba zaMkA hotI hai ki zarIra ke bAkI ke bhAga meM sukha-duHkha kA saMvedana kyoM hotA hai ? hAtha yA paira meM saI cubhAne para duHkha kA aura candanAdi kA lepa hAtha-paira meM karane para sukha kA saMvedana kyoM hotA hai ? . Aja ke vaijJAnika anusaMdhAnoM se ye dArzanika apane mata kI puSTi
Page #409
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ samyagdarzana-svarUpa | 87 karane kA prayAsa karate haiM, kyoMki adhikAMza zarIra-vaijJAnika aisA mAnate haiM ki jJAnavAhI tantu mastiSka taka sUcanA pahu~cAte haiM aura taba mastiSka sukhaduHkha vA saMvedana karane ke sAtha-sAtha pratikriyA karatA hai| yadi kisI jJAnavAhI nAr3I athavA tantu ko kisI auSadhi se zUnya kara diyA jAya to usakI saMvedanA nahIM hotI / ataH AtmA mastiSka meM sthita hai| kintu vaijJAnikoM kA yaha mata bhrAmaka hai, jJAnavAhI tantu athavA nAr3I ke saMvedanazUnya ho jAne se cetanAhInatA yA jIva kA abhAva siddha nahIM hotA / sirpha itano sI bAta hai ki jIva kI cetanA avyakta ho jAtI hai| phira auSadhi kA prabhAva samApta hote hI jIva kI cetanA jyoM kI tyoM vyakta ho jAtI hai| ataH yukti aura anubhava se yaha siddha hotA hai ki jIva deha se adhika parimANa vAlA yA alpa parimANa vAlA bhI nahIM, kintu deha-parimANa vAlA hai| hA~ kevalI samudghAta ke samaya jIva ke Atmapradeza samagra lokavyApI ho jAte haiN| - jIva (AtmA) dehaparimANa hai, aisI mAnyatA kaI upaniSadoM meM bhI milatI hai| koSotakI upaniSad meM kahA hai-"jaise churA apane myAna meM aura agni apane kuNDa meM vyApta hai, vaise hI AtmA zarIra meM nakha se zikhA taka vyApta hai|" taittirIya upaniSad meM AtmA ko annamaya, prANamaya, manomaya aura vijJAnamaya batAyA hai jo dehaparimANa mAnane para hI sambhava ho sakatA hai| jarUpI aura amUrtika-nizcayanaya kI dRSTi se vaha indriyoM se agocara, zuddhabuddharUpa tathA rUpa-rasa-gandha-sparzarahita, eka svabhAva kA dhAraka hai; tathApi vyavahAranaya kI dRSTi se vaha karmoM se baddha hone ke kAraNa mUrtika karmoM ke adhIna hone se zarIrAzrita kI apekSA se varNa-gandha-rasa-sparzayukta hai| kriyArahita-yadyapi nizcayanaya kI dRSTi se jIva kriyArahita hai, tathApi zarIrAzrita hone se vaha sakriya hai, mana, vacana aura kAyA se vyApAra (pravRtti) karatA hai, tathA vyavahAranaya se karmoM ke kAraNa Urdhva, adhaH yA tiryak, cAhe jisa dizA meM gati kara sakatA hai| UrdhvagatizIla-nizcayanaya se jIva UrdhvagamanazIla hai, kyoMki usameM 1 samudghAt eka vizeSa kriyA hai, jisakA vargana arihaMtadeva varNana meM kiyA jA cukA hai| -saMpAdaka
Page #410
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 88 | jaina tattvakalikA paMcama kalikA gurutva nahIM hotA, ataH jIva kI svAbhAvika Urdhvagati hone ke kAraNa vaha samasta karmabandhanoM se mukta hote hI Urdhvagamana karake eka samaya meM loka ke agrabhAga -- siddhazilA para pahu~ca jAtA hai / karttA aura bhoktA - cetanAguNa ke kAraNa sAMsArika jIva sukha-duHkha kA vedana karatA hai, isI se zubhAzubha karmoM kA bandhana prApta karatA hai / ataH vaha karmoM kA karttA hai aura ina karmoM ke zubhAzubha phaloM ko vaha bhogatA hai, isalie karmoM kA bhoktA bhI hai / yahA~ zaMkA ho sakatI hai ki jIva ko karmoM kA kartA aura bhoktA batAne para siddha jIvoM meM bhI kartRtva-bhoktatva kA prasaMga AegA / isa zaMkA kA samAdhAna isa prakAra hai-vyavahAranaya kI dRSTi se sAMsArika jIva hI zubhAzubha karmoM kA karttA aura unake zubhAzubha phaloM kA svayaM bhoktA hai, kintu siddha jIva jo pUrNa rUpa se karmarahita ho gaye haiM, vaha svasvabhAva-ramaNakartA haiM, tathA AtmA meM utpanna sukharUpI amRta ke bhoktA haiM / kaI loga jIva ke karmoM kA preraka tathA karmaphaladAtA Izvara ko mAnate haiM, kintu yaha kathana yuktiviruddha hai / jo Izvara svabhAva se zuddha hai, vaha azuddha karmoM kA preraka kaise ho sakatA hai ? yadi sukha-duHkha Izvara kI preraNA se hI jIvoM ko prApta hote hoM to Izvara sabhI jIvoM ko ekAnta sukha hI kyoM nahIM de detA, duHkha kyoM detA hai ? yadi kaheM ki vaha karmAnusAra jIvoM ko sukha yA duHkha detA hai, taba to karmoM ko hI sIdhe phaladAtA kyoM nahIM mAna lete ? aisI sthiti meM karma preraka Izvara ko na mAnakara joba ko hI svayaM karmakartA mAnanA par3egA / saMsartA aura parinirvAtA - jainazAstroM kA kathana hai ki AtmA mithyAtva, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga ke kAraNa karmabandhana meM pha~sakara nAnA gatiyoM - yoniyoM meM - janmamaraNa rUpa saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karatA hai / isalie use saMrttA kahate haiM, kintu yadi jIva apanI AtmazaktiyoM kA vikAsa kare to sabhI karmoM se rahita hokara janmamaraNa-rUpa saMsAra se mukta -- parinivRtta ho sakatA hai aura apane meM antarnihita kintu suSupta anantajJAna, anantadarzana, anantacAritra (sukha) aura anantavIrya ke bhaNDAra ko prakaTa kara sakatA hai | isI kAraNa jIva ko parinirvAtA bhI kahA hai / aisA hone para sAmAnya AtmA bhI paramAtmA bana sakatA hai, yaha jaina siddhAntoM kA spaSTa udghoSa hai / 2 1 yaH karttA karmabhedAnAM bhoktA karmaphalasya ca / saMsarsAparinirvAtAsa hyAtmA nAnyalakSaNaH ||
Page #411
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ samyagdarzana-svarUpa | 86 jIvoM kI saMkhyA--isa loka meM jIvoM kI saMkhyA ananta hai| vedAntadazana kA kahanA hai--'isa jagat meM sirpha eka hI AtmA---eka hI brahma vyApta hai,' aneka nhiiN| yaha kathana bhI yuktiyukta nahIM hai| yadi saMsAra meM eka hI brahma ho to, sabhI jIvoM kI pravRtti, sukha-duHkhAnubhava kI mAtrA, svabhAva, vRtti Adi samAna honI cAhie, parantu aisA nahIM dikhAI detA hai| sabhI jIvoM kI vRtti-pravRtti pRthak-pRthaka hai / sukha-duHkha kA anubhava bhI sabhI jIvoM kA samAna mAtrA meM nahIM hotaa| eka hI brahma sAre jagat meM vyApta ho to sabhI jIvoM kI unnati-avanati eka sAtha honI cAhie; parantu dekhA jAtA hai ki eka jIva unnati ke zikhara para ArUr3ha hai, jabaki dUsarA avanati ke garta meM gira rahA hai / yadi eka hI brahma ke ye vividha aMza haiM, to Apatti yaha hogI ki jaba taka sarva aMza mukta nahIM hogA, taba taka kisI bhI jIva kI mukti nahIM hogI, aura aisI dazA meM kisI bhI vyakti ke lie mukti ke lie sAdhanA karane kA koI artha na hogaa| eka hI AtmA ho to guru-ziSya, pitA-putra, sajjana-durjana Adi bheda bhI kaise sambhava ho sakeMge ? __jIva ke bheda-prabheda-jIva ke mukhya do bheda haiM-siddha (mukta) aura sNsaaro| jo jIva kRtakarmoM kA phala bhogane ke lie saMsaraNa-vividha gatiyoM-yoniyoM meM janmamaraNa-paribhramaNa karate haiM, ve saMsArI haiM / jo jIva sarvakarmoM se mukta ho kara siddhazilA para virAjamAna haiM, ve mukta kahalAte haiN| mukta jIva anantajJAna darzana-sukha-vIrya se sampanna haiN| saMsArI jIvoM kA eka sarvamAnya lakSaNa yaha bhI ho sakatA hai ki jinameM AhArasaMjJA, bhayasaMjJA, maithunasaMjJA aura parigrahasaMjJA--ina cAra saMjJAoM kA astitva ho, ve sabhI saMsArI jIva haiN| sabhI jIvoM meM, yahA~ taka ki ekendriya jIvoM meM bhI AhArasaMjJA pAI jAtI hai| icchAnusAra AhArAdi padArtha milane, na milane para usakI vaddhihAni hotI hai| jaiva-vaijJAnikoM ne apane navIna AviSkAroM se yaMtroM dvArA vanaspati Adi ekendriya jIvoM meM bhI AhArAdi saMjJA siddha kara dI hai| bhayasaMjJA kA astitva bhI vyakta-avyakta rUpa meM sabhI prANiyoM meM pAyA jAtA hai| saMsArI AtmAe~ mohanIya karma ke udaya se maithunasaMjJA vAle hote hI haiN| mamatA-mUrchArUpa parigrahasaMjJA bhI eka yA dUsare prakAra se sabhI prANiyoM meM pAI jAtI hai| 1 'ekamevAdvitIyaM brahma'
Page #412
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 10. | jaina tattvakalikA : paMcama kalikA __saMsArI jIvoM ke bheda aneka prakAra se kiye jA sakate haiN| mukhya do bheda haiM-1. sthAvara aura 2. trasa / duHkha dUra karane aura sukha prApta karane kI gati--ceSTA jisameM na dikhAI de, vaha sthAvara aura dikhAI de, vaha trasa hai| sthAvara ke pA~ca bheda-1. pRthvIkAya, 2. apkAya, 3. tejaskAya, 4. vAyukAya aura 5. vanaspatikAya / pRthvI-miTTI hI jinakA zarIra hai, ve pRthvIkAya / ap-pAnI hI jinakA zarIra hai, ve apkAya / tejasa--agni hI jinakA zarIra hai, ve tejaskAya / vAyu-havA hI jinakA zarIra hai, ve vAyukAya / aura vanaspati hI jinakA zarIra hai, ve vanaspatikAya kahalAte haiN| ina pAMcoM prakAra ke jIvoM ke ekamAtra sparzanendriya hone se ye ekendriya kahalAte haiN| ___ina pAMca sthAvaroM ke do prakAra haiM-sUkSma aura bAdara / sakSma jIva sarvaloka meM vyApta haiM, parantu ve ati sUkSma hone se cakSuoM se agocara haiM / jabaki bAdarapRthvIkAya Adi loka ke amuka bhAga meM rahe hue haiM aura ve pRthvI Adi zarIrarUpa meM pratyakSa dikhAI dete haiN| vAyu kevala sparzendriya dvArA jAnI jAtI hai| vanaspatikAya ke do bheda haiM-tAdhAraNa aura pratyeka / sAdhAraNa vanaspati use kahate haiM, jahA~ ananta jIvoM kA eka zarIra ho, tathA pratyeka vanaspati vaha hai, jisake mUla, patta, boja, chAla, lakar3I, phala, phala Adi meM pratyeka meM pRthak-yathak svataMtra eka jIva ho / sAdhAraNa vanaspati nigoda kahalAtI hai / sAdhAraNa vanaspati jIva eka hI zarIra meM ananta rahate hue bhI paraspara TakarAte nahIM, na hI ve eka dUsare se khaNDita hote haiN| pratyeka AtmA kA svataMtra astitva rahatA hai| gharSaNa, chedana Adi prahAra jisa pRthvI para par3e na hoM, yA sUrya yA agni kA tApa, prANiyoM kA saMcAra Adi bhI jisameM na huA ho, jisake varNa, gandha, rasa, sparza na badaleM ho, vaha pRthvI sacetana (sacitta) hotI hai, isake viparIta sarya yA agni kA prakAza, tApa par3A ho, prANiyoM kA saMcAra Adi yA amuka padArthoM kA mizraNa hone se jisake varNAdi meM parivartana ho gayA ho, arthAt-jo zastrapariNata ho gae hoM, ve pRthvI, jala, vanaspati, vAyu aura agni ke jIva cyuta ho jAte haiM, phalataH vaha pRthvI Adi ke jIva nikala jAne se vaha acitta (acetana) ho jAte haiN| trasa jIvoM ke bheda-prabheda-trasa jIvoM ke dvIndriya, trIndriya, caturindriya aura paMcendriya, ye cAra bheda haiM / jinameM sparzana aura rasana ye do indriyA~ hoM,
Page #413
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ samyagdarzana-svarUpa | e1 vendriya kahalAte haiM / jaise-laTa, giMDaulA, alasiyA, zaMkha, joMka Adi / jinameM pUrvokta do indriyoM ke atirikta tIsarI ghrANendriya aura ho, ve trIndriya kahalAte haiN| jaise- cIMTI, dImaka, makor3e, khaTamala, kanakhajUrA, jU, lIkha, kunthuA, vIrabahUTI Adi / caturindriya jIva ve kahalAte haiM jinake pUrvokta tIna indriyoM ke atirikta cauthI cakSurindriya ho / jaise - TiDDI, pataMgA, makkhI, macchara, bhauMrA, DAMsa, kaMsArI, makar3I Adi / jinake pUrvokta cAra indriyoM ke atirikta pAMcavIM zrotrendriya bhI ho, ve paMcendriya kahalAte haiM / paMcendriya jIvoM ke mukhyataH cAra prakAra haiM-nAraka, tiryaJca, manuSya aura deva | paMcendriya tiryaJca meM jalacara, sthalacara, khecara, uraH parisarpa aura bhujaparisarpa ye pAMcoM A jAte haiM / tiryaMcoM ke Age do bheda aura hote haiM- (1) saMjJI aura (2) asaMjJI / saMjJI tiryaMca mana sahita hote haiM, aura asaMjJI tiryaMca mana rahita / nAraka se sAta prakAra ke narakoM meM utpanna hone vAle jIvoM ko gaNanA hotI hai / sabhI karmabhUmi- akarmabhUmi Adi kSetroM meM paidA hone vAle mAnava manuSya gati meM parigaNita kiye jAte haiM / deva se bhavanapati, vANavyantara, jyotiSka aura vaimAnika, ina cAroM prakAra ke devoM kA bodha hotA hai / samasta saMsArI jIvoM ko cAroM gatiyoM meM vibhakta kareM to ekendriya se lagAkara tiryaJcapaMcendriya taka tiryaMca kahalAte haiM, jisake mukhya 48 bheda haiN| manuSyagati meM utpanna manuSyoM ke kula 303 bheda hote haiM / devagati meM utpanna devoM ke kula 168 bheda hote haiM / tathA narakagati meM utpanna nArakoM ke kula 14 bheda hote haiM / isa prakAra samasta saMsArI jIvoM ke madhyama rUpa se 563 bheda hote hai / (2) ajIvatattva jIva kA pratipakSI tattva ajIva hai / ajIva meM jIva ke lakSaNa nahIM pAe jaate| ajIva meM upayoga zakti nahI hotI / vaha jar3a-cetanAhIna, aMkarttA, abhoktA hai kintu vaha bhI anAdi- ananta aura zAzvata hai / vaha sadaiva nirjIva rahane se ajIva kahalAtA hai / jaise ghar3I Adi padArtha samaya kA ThIka-ThIka jJAna karAte haiM, parantu svayaM ve upayogazUnya hote haiM / ajIvatattva' ke bheda - ajIvatattva pA~ca prakAra kA hai -- (1) dharmAstikAya, (2) adharmAstikAyaM, (3) AkAzAstikAya, (4) kAla aura (5) pudgalAstikAya / ina pA~coM meM se cAra arUpI ajIva haiM aura eka pudgalAstikAya rUpI dravya hai / kyoMki vaha varNa, gandha, rasa aura sparza se yukta hai| jitane bhI nirjIva padArtha dRSTigocara hote haiM, ve saba pudgalAtmaka haiM /
Page #414
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 2 | jaina tattvakalikA : paMcama kalikA ina sabake svarUpa Adi kA varNana Age SaTdravyoM ke prakaraNa meM vistAra se kiyA jAegA / (3) puNyatattva bahuta se loga kahate haiM- puNya-pApa jaisA kucha nahIM hai, yaha jagata svAbhAvika rUpa se vicitra hai, ataH bhalA-burA hotA rahatA hai / kintu zruti, yukti aura anubhUti se puNya-pApa siddha hote haiM / zruti-dharmazAstroM meM puNya-pApa kA spaSTa pratipAdana hai / dharmazAstra ekasvara se puNya ke upArjana aura pApa ke tyAga karane kA upadeza dete haiM / jagata kA koI bhI prasiddha evaM AstikavAdI dharma aisA nahIM hai, jo puNya-pApa IT viveka na karatA ho / pratyakSa rUpa se dekhA jAya to bhI bhale kA phala bhalA aura bure kA phala burA dikhAI detA hai, parantu bhale kA phala burA aura bure kA phala burA nahIM dIkhatA / Ama bone para Ama aura nIma bone para nIma utpanna hotA hai / parantu Ama bone se nIma yA nIma bone se Ama nahIM paidA hotA / AmavRkSa para Ama kA phala hI pakatA hai, nimbolI nahIM / tAtparya yaha ki jagat meM jo vicitratA dikhAI detI hai yA acchA-burA hotA hai usake poche bhI eka nizcita niyama hai, jise AdhyAtmika kSetra meM puNya-pApa kA niyama kahate haiM / anubhUti - svAnubhava se bhI yaha spaSTa hai / koI acchA kAma karane para mana meM sukha, santoSa aura Ananda kI pratIti hotI hai, jaba ki burA kAma karane para mana meM asantoSa, duHkha, glAni yA kleza hotA hai / ye donoM prakAra ke anubhava spaSTa hI puNya-pApa kI pratIti karAte haiM, kyoMki puNya-pApa ke vaza hI manuSya sukha-duHkhAnubhava karate haiM / yahA~ yaha bhI spaSTa kara denA Avazyaka hai ki puNya aura pApa donoM svatantra tattva haiM / arthAt -- unameM se pratyeka kA phala pRthak-pRthak bhoganA par3atA hai, na ki donoM kI jor3a - bAkI ho jAtI hai / udAharaNArtha - eka vyakti ne 60 pratizata puNya kiyA aura 40 pratizata pApa kiyA ho to aisA nahIM ho sakatA 40 pratizata pApa kama hone ke bAda use 20 pratizata puNya kA hI upabhoga karanA par3e / use 60 pratizata puNya kA phala bhI prApta hogA aura 40 pratizata pApa kA bhI phala milegA / yaha spaSTatA isalie karanI Avazyaka hai ki bahuta se loga mana meM aisA socate haiM aura kaha bhI diyA karate haiM- "hama bhale hI thor3A-bahuta pApa
Page #415
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ samyagdarzana-svarUpa | 63 karate hoM, sAtha-sAtha puNya bhI karate haiM, usase pApa dhula jAegA aura hameM puNya kA hI phala milegaa|" parantu vItarAga manISiyoM ne spaSTa batAyA ki yaha mAnyatA sarAsara galata hai| jitanA pApa karoge, usakA utanA phala bhoganA pdd'egaa| ataH puNya-pApa ke svatantra phaloM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara puNyopArjana hI karo, pApa ko chodd'o| karmasiddhAnta ke anusAra zubhAzubha bhAva se zubhAzubha karma kA bandhana hotA hai| vahI kramazaH puNya aura pApa hai| mana-vacana-kAyA kI zubha kriyAoM dvArA zubha karmaprakRtiyoM kA saMcaya kiyA jAe aura jaba ve prakRtiyA~ udaya meM Ae~, taba jIva ko unake phalasvarUpa sukha milatA hai, anukUla abhISTa sAmagrI yA dharma sAmagrI prApta hotI hai, saba prakAra se sukhoM kA anubhava hotA hai, usI ko puNya tattva kahate haiN| puNya kA abhiprAya- puNya zabda kA vyutpatti ke anusAra artha hotA hai'punAtIti puNyam-paramparA se jo AtmA ko pavitra kare, vaha puNya hai / jaise-puNya upArjana karane meM pahale to vastuoM para se mamatva chor3anA par3atA hai, icchAoM ko rokanA par3atA hai, guNajJa honA par3atA hai| apane vyavahAra ko namra banAnA par3atA hai, AdatoM ko sudhAranA par3atA hai, svArthatyAga karake udAratA karanI par3atI hai, AtmA ko vaza meM karake mana, vacana, kAyA aura indriyoM ko zubhakArya meM lagAnA par3atA hai, duHkha-pIr3itoM ke duHkha ko apanA mAnakara use dUra karane kI bhAvanA aura tadanusAra pravRtti karanI par3atI hai| isalie puNya-upArjana karane meM pahale to kucha kaSTa hotA hai, parantu usake pariNAmasvarUpa dIrghakAla ke lie sukha prApti hotI hai| isa dRSTi se pUNya AtmA kA zodhana karatA hai, mana-vacana-kAya ke yogoM ko pAvana karatA hai| puNya ke do bheda-puNya do prakAra kA hotA hai- puNyAnubandhI puNya aura pApAnubandhI pUNya / jo puNya, puNya kI paramparA ko calAe, arthAt-jisa puNya ko bhogate hue navIna puNya kA bandha ho, vaha puNyAnubandhI pUNya hai, aura isake viparIta yadi navIna pApa kA bandha ho, vaha pApAnubandhI puNya hai| udAharaNArtha--eka manuSya ko pUrvapuNya ke pratApa se sabhI prakAra ke abhISTa sukha-sAdhana prApta hoM, phira bhI vaha unameM mohamUr3ha na banakara Atmahita ke uddezya se mokSAbhilASA rakhatA huA dharmakriyA yA dharmakArya kare to pUrva pUNya bhogate samaya usake naye puNyoM kA bandha hotA hai| usakA vaha puNya puNyAnubandhI puNya kahalAtA hai| dUsarI ora eka vyakti ke pUrvabhava ke puNyaphalasvarUpa sabhI prakAra ke sukha-sAdhana prApta hue hoM, lekina vartamAna meM
Page #416
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 14 | jaina tattvakalikA : paMcama kalikA vaha mohamUr3ha, asadAcArI aura atibhogI banakara usakA upabhoga kare to usase usako pApa kA bandha hotA hai| isa prakAra kA puNya pApAnubandhI puNya kahalAtA hai| puNyAnubandhI puNya mArgadarzaka samAna hai aura pApAnubandhI puNya puNyasamRddhi ko lUTane vAle luTere ke samAna hai| yahA~ puNyAnubandhI puNya hI kathaMcit upAdeya hai| puNyabandha ke nau' prakAra-(1) annapuNya-pAtra ko annadAna karane se, (2) pAnapuNya --pAtra ko jaladAna karane se, (3) layanapuNya-pAtra ko sthAna dene se, (4) zayanapuNya-pAtra ko zayanIya sAmagrI dene se, (5) vastrapuNya--pAtra ko vastra dAna karane se, (6) manaHpuNya-mana ke zubha saMkalpa se, yA mana se dUsaroM kA hita cAhane se, (7) vacanapuNya-vacana se guNIjanoM kA kIrtana karane se yA hita, mita, tathya aura pathya vacana bolane se, (8) kAyapuNya- zarIra ke zubha vyavahAra se, yA zarIra se dUsaroM kI sevA karane se, paraduHkhanivAraNa karane se, jIvoM ko sukha-zAnti paha~cAne se, aura (8) namaskArapuNya-deva, guru Adi yogya pAtra ko namaskAra karane se, saba ke sAtha vinamra vyavahAra se| koI vyakti pApI, durAcArI Adi ho, kintu bhUkha, roga Adi se pIr3ita ho, bhayabhIta ho use karuNApAtra samajhakara anukampA buddhi se use dAna dene se, kSadhA miTAne se, bhaya dUra karane Adi se pApabandha nahIM, puNyabandha hotA hai| puNya-phala bhogane ke 42 prakAra-nau prakAra se bA~dhe hae pUNya 42 prakAra se bhoge jAte haiM-(1) sAtAvedanIya, (2) uccagotra, (3) manuSyagati, (4) manuSyAnupUrvI, (5) devaMgati, (6) devAnupUrvI, (7) paMcendriyajAti, (8) audArika zarIra, (8) vaikriyazarIra, (10) AhArakazarIra, (11) taijasazarIra, (12) kArmaNazarIra, (13) audArikazarIra ke aMgopAMga, (14) vaikriyazarIra ke aMgopAMga, (15) AhAraka zarIra ke aMgopAga, (16) vajraRSabhanArAca saMhanana, (17) samacaturasra saMsthAna, (18) zubhavarNa, (16) zubhagandha, (20) zubharasa, (21) zubhasparza, (22) agurulaghutva (ekadama bhArI yA ekadama halkA zarIra na honA), (23) parAghAta nAma [dUsaroM se parAjita na honA], (24) ucchvAsa [pUrA ucchvAsa lenA], (25) AtapanAma [pratApI honA], (26) udyotanAma [tejasvI honA], (27) zubhavihAyogati, (28) zubhanirmANanAma, (29) trasanAma 1 sthAnAMgasUtra, sthAna 6
Page #417
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ samyagdarzana- svarUpa | 65 (30) bAdaranAma, (31) paryAptanAma, (32) pratyekanAma, (33) sthiranAma, (34) zubhanAma, (35) subhaganAma, (36) susvaranAma, (37) AdeyanAma, (38) yazokIrtinAma, (39) devAyu, (40) manuSyAyu, (41) tiryaMcAyu aura (42) tIrthaMkaranAma karma / puNya : upAdeya bhI heya bhI - jisa prakAra samudra meM eka pAra se dUsare pAra jAne ke lie naukA kA sahArA lenA Avazyaka hotA hai aura kinAre pahu~cakara naukA ko chor3a denA bhI Avazyaka hotA hai, isI prakAra prAthamika bhUmikA meM saMsArasamudra pAra karane ke lie puNyarUpI naukA ko apanAnA bhI Avazyaka hai aura AtmavikAsa kI caramasImA para pahu~cakara saMsArasamudra ke pAra cale jAne para puNyarUpI naukA ko tyAganA Avazyaka hai / ataH puNya prAthamika bhUmikA meM upAdeya hai aura antima bhUmikA meM heya / (4) pApatattva puNyatattva kA virodhI pApa hai / jIva ko duHkha bhogane meM kAraNabhUta azubhakarma dravyapApa kahalAtA hai aura usa azubhakarma ko utpanna karane meM kAraNabhUta azubha yA malina pariNAma [ adhyavasAya ] bhAvapApa kahalAtA hai / pApa kA phala kaTu hotA hai / pApa karanA sarala hai, parantu usakA phala bhoganA atyanta kaThina hotA hai / yaha pApa karma kA hI prabhAva hai ki jIva nAnA prakAra ke duHkhoM kA anubhava karatA hai / pApakarma ke phalasvarUpa priya vastuoM ar fayoga aura apriya vastuoM kA saMyoga milatA rahatA hai / " [4] maithuna - maithuna - pApakarmabandha ke 18 kAraNa - [1] prANAtipAta - jIva hiMsA se, [2] mRSAvAda - asatya bolane se, [3] adattAdAna - corI se, abrahmacarya sevana se, [5] parigraha--dhana Adi padArthoM ke saMgraha aura una para mamatva rakhane se, [6] krodha- krodha karane se, [7] mAna- ahaMkAra yA mada karane se, [5] mAyA - kapaTa [ chala] karane se, [8] lobha - lobha, tRSNA karane se, [10] rAga - sAMsArika padArthoM para rAga - Asakti yA moha se, [11] dveSapadArthoM ke prati dveSa, IrSyA yA ghRNA karane se, [12] kalaha-kleza karane se, [13] abhyAkhyAna - - mithyA doSAropaNa se, [14] paizunya - cugalI karane se, [15] paraparivAda - paranindA karane se, [16] rati-bhogoM meM prIti, aura arati - saMyama meM aprIti se, [17] mAyAmRSA- kapaTa sahita asatyAcaraNa --- 1 navatattva - prakaraNa gAthA 15-16 2 'pAtayati narakAdidurgatau iti pApamR / ' --
Page #418
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 16 | jaina tattvakalikA : paMcama kalikA dambha karane se, aura [18] mithyAdarzanazalya-mithyAtva se yA asatyamAnyatA prarUpaNa se yA padArthoM ke svarUpa ko yathArtha na jAnane-mAnane se / yaha eka prakAra kA zalya hai| pApa ke do prakAra - [1] pApAnubandhI pApa -- jisa pApa ko bhogate hue nayA pApa baMdhatA hai, vaha pApAnabandhI pApa hai aura [2] puNyAnubandhI pApajisa pApa ko bhogate hue puNyopArjana hotA hai, use puNyAnubandhI pApa kahate haiM / jaise-kasAI, machue Adi jIva pUrvabhava ke pApoM ke kAraNa isa bhava meM daridratA, roga Adi aneka duHkha bhoga rahe haiM aura isI pApa-phala ko bhogate hae anya naye-naye pApoM kA bandha kara rahe haiM, unakA yaha pApa pApAnabandhI pApa hai| isake viparIta jo jIva pUrvabhava ke pApavazAt isa bhava meM dAridraya Adi duHkha bhogate hue bhI ve satsaMga Adi ke kAraNa vivekapUrvaka aneka prakAra kA dharmakRtya karate hue puNyopArjana karate haiN| ataH unakA yaha pApa puNyAnubandhI pApa hai| aThAraha pApoM kA phalabhoga-pUrvokta aThAraha pApasthAnoM kA phala 82 prakAra se bhoganA par3atA hai-[1-5] pAMca jJAnAvaraNIya, [6-10] pAMca antarAya, [11-15] pAMca prakAra kI nidrA, [16-16] cAra darzanAvaraNIya, [20] asAtAvedanIya, [21] nIcagotra, [22] mithyAtvamohanIya, [23] sthAvaranAma, [24] sUkSmanAma, [25] aparyAptanAma, [26] sAdhAraNanAma, [27] asthiranAma [28] azubhanAma, [26] durbhaganAma, [30] duHsvaranAma, [41] anAdeyanAma, [32] ayazokIrtinAma, [33] narakagati, [34] narakAyu, [35] narakAnapUrvI, [36-51] anantAnubandhI Adi solahakaSAya, [52-60] hAsyAdi nau nokaSAya [61] tiryaMcagati, [62] tiryaMcAnupUrvI, [63] ekendriyatva, [64] dvIndriyatva [65] zrIndriyatva, (66] caturindriyatva, [67] azubhavihAyogati, [68] upaghAtanAma, [69-72] azubhavarNAdi cAra, (73-77) RSabhanArAcAdi pAMca saMhanana, [78-82] nyagrodhaparimaNDala Adi pAMca saMsthAna / ina 82 prakAroM se jIva pApa kA phala bhogatA hai|' pApa sarvathA heya hai, vaha AtmA ko kaluSita karatA hai| (5) Astravatattva jisa kriyA yA pravRtti se jIva meM karmoM kA srAva-Agamana hotA hai, use Azrava [Asrava] kahate haiN| ataH Asrava karmoM kA praveza-dvAra hai| jaise 1 navatattvaprakaraNa gA. 18-16 2 (ka) 'kAyavAGa manaHkarmayogaH sa AtravaH / / (kha) sakaSAyAkaSAyayoH sAmparAvikaryApakSayoH / --tattvArtha0 a. 6 sU. 1,5
Page #419
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ samyagdarzana-svarUpa | 67 tAlAba meM agara pAnI Ane kA nAlA hotA hai to usake dvArA pAnI AtA rahatA hai, vaha banda nahIM hotA; isI prakAra jIvarUpI tAlAba meM karmarUpI nAle se jala kA AnA Asrava hai / jaise-naukA meM chidra ke dvArA pAnI AtA rahatA hai, usI prakAra AtmA meM mana-vacana-kAyA ke yogoM [pravRttiyoM ke saMkramaNa se aura krodha-mAna-mAyA-lobharUpa kaSAyoM se karmoM kA Agamana hotA rahatA hai| zubhAdhava aura azubhAba--mana-vacana-kAyA ke yogoM kI pravRtti yadi prazasta mAtra se ho to zubhakarmoM kA Agamana hotA hai, aura aprazasta bhAva se ho to azubha bamoM kA Agamana hotA hai / AtmA meM zubhakarmoM kA Agamana karavAne vAlA zubhAsrava-puNyAsrava hai, aura azubhakarmoM kA Agamana karavAne bAlA pApAsrava---azubhAsrava hai / Asrava ke do prakAra - jainazAstroM meM Asrava se niSpanna karmabandha ke do bheda batAe gae haiM-sAmparA yika aura airyApathika / kaSAyayukta jIvoM ko karmoM kA jo bandha hotA hai, vaha karma ko sthiti paidA karane vAlA sAmparAyika karmabandha hotA hai / usase saMsAra [janma-maraNa] kI vRddhi hotI hai aura kaSAvarahita vIlagaga jIvoM ko jo karmoM kA bandha hotA hai, vaha airyApathika hai| pithika vandha ke Asrava se karma avazya Ate haiM, lekina prathama samaya meM ve jotra ke sAtha sambaddha hote haiM, dvitIya samaya meM ho chUTa jAte haiM / Atrata ke 20 dvAra [1] mithyAtva, [2] avrata [paMcendriya tathA mana ko vaza meM na rakhanA, paTakAvika jIvoM kI hiMsA se virata na honA], [3] pAMca pramAda, [4] cAra kapAtra, nau nokapAya, [5] yoga [mana-vacana-kAyA kI azubha pravRtti], [6] prANAtipAta, [7] mRSAvAda, [8] adattAdAna, [8] maithuna, [10] parigraha, [11-15] paMcendriya ko azubhakArya meM pravRtta karanA, [16-18] manovala, vacanabala aura kAyabala ko azubhakArya meM pravRtta karanA, [19] vastra-pAtrAdi upakaraNa ko ayatanA se grahaNa karanA-rakhanA, [20] suI, tRNa Adi padArtha bhI ayatanA se lenaa---rkhnaa| paccIsa kirAeM- kAyikI Adi paccIsa kriyAe~ bhI Asava ke tathA karmavandha ke kAraNa haiN| samyagdRSTi puruSa ko inase bacane kA yathAsambhava prayatna karanA caahie| 6) saMvaratattva jina-jina mArgoM se Asrava AtA ho, unakA nirodha karanA, saMvara
Page #420
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 8 | jaina tattvakalikA : paMcama kalikA hai / ' arthAt - jina kriyAoM se AtmA ke sAtha karmoM kA sambandha na ho sake, una kriyAoM ko saMvaratattva kahate haiM / udAharaNArtha - karmarUpI jala AsravarUpI chidroM se jIvarUpI tAlAba meM bhara jAtA hai, yaha jAnakara vrata, pratyAkhyAna rUpI DATa lagAkara una Asrava-chidroM ko banda kara denA saMvara hai / saMvara ke 20 bheda - [1] samyaktva, [2] virati [3] apramAda, [4] kaSAyatyAga, [ 5 ] yoga- sthiratA, [6] jIvoM para dayA karanA, [3] satya bolanA, [8] adattAdAna - viramaNa, [8] brahmacarya pAlana, [10] mamatvatyAga, [11-15] pAMcoM indriyoM ko vaza meM karanA, [16-18 ] mana-vacana-kAya ko vaza meM karanA, [19] bhANDopakaraNoM ko yatanApUrvaka uThAnA - rakhanA [20] sUI, tRNAdi choTI-choTI vastue~ bhI yatanApUrvaka uThAnA - rakhanA / ina bIsa kAraNoM se saMvara hotA hai / saMvara kI siddhi-tattvArtha sUtrakAra ne tathA navatattva prakaraNa grantha meM saMvara kI siddhi ke 57 prakAra batAe haiN| ve isa prakAra haiM-- [1-5] pAMca samiti, [ 68 ] tIna gupti, [ 6- 18 ] dazavidha zramaNadharma, [19 - 40 ] bAIsa parISahoM para vijaya, [41-52 ] bAraha anuprekSAe~ [ bhAvanAe~], [53-57] sAmAyika Adi pAMca cAritra / saMbara ke ina 57 bhedoM kA AcaraNa karane se naye karmoM kA Agamana rukatA hai; aura Asravanirodha hone se dhIre-dhIre AtmA karmoM se sarvathA rahita hokara siddha-buddha-mukta ho jAtA hai / saMvara ke do mukhya prakAra -- dravyasaMvara aura bhAvasaMvara ye do saMvara ke mukhya prakAra haiM / karmapudgaloM ke grahaNa kA chedana yA nirodha karanA dravyasaMvara hai, tathA saMsAravRddhi meM kAraNabhUta kriyAoM kA tyAga karanA athavA AtmA kA zuddhopayoga evaM usase yukta samiti Adi bhAvasaMvara hai / saMvara ke pAMca prakAra - saMvara mokSa prApti meM kAraNabhUta hai, vaha puNya aura pApa (zubhopayoga aura azubhopayoga) donoM AsravoM se AtmA ko haTA kara dharma - zuddhopayoga meM lagAtA hai / isa dRSTi se usake 5 bheda mukhyatayA batAye gaye haiM 1 Azrava-nirodhaH saMvaraH / 2 (ka) sa gupti samiti-dharmAnuprekSA - parISahajaya cAritraH / -- tattvArthasUtra a. 6, sU. 1 -- tattvArtha 0 (kha) samiI - gutti - parisaha jaidhammo bhAvaNA-caritANi / paNa ti duvIsa-dasa-bArasa - paMcabheehiM sagavannA / 0 a. 6, sU. 2 --navatattva pra. gA. 25
Page #421
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ samyagdarzana-svarUpa | ES (1) samyaktva saMvara-anAdikAla se jIva mithyAdarzana se yukta hai, isI kAraNa saMsAracakra meM paribhramaNa karatA hai| jaba jIva ko samyaktva ratna kI prApti ho jAtI hai to vaha padArthoM ke yathArtha svarUpa ko jAnakara nijasvarUpa kI ora jhuka jAtA hai| mithyAdarzana ke dUra ho jAne se samyagjJAna kI prApti ho jAne se ajJAna naSTa ho jAtA hai| samyaktva ke prabhAva se jIva ke antaHkaraNa meM saMsAra se nivRttibhAva tathA viSayoM se viraktibhAva A jAtA hai| padArthoM ke yathArthasvarUpa ko jAnakara vaha mokSapada prApti ke lie utsuka ho jAtA hai| (2) virati [vrata] saMvara-samyagdarzanayukta AtmA paMcAsrava dvAroM ko virati se nirodha karane kI ceSTA karatA hai| vaha yathAzakti dezaviratirUpa yA sarva viratirUpa dharma kA aMgIkAra kara letA hai, jisase usake naye karma Ane ke mArga ruka jAte haiN| __(3) apramAda saMvara-kisI vrata, niyama, tapa, japa, pratyAkhyAna, saMvara, sAmAyika, pauSadha Adi dharmAcaraNa karane meM pramAda na karanA apramAda saMvara hai| kyoMki pramAda bhI saMsAra paribhramaNa kA mUla kAraNa hai| ataH apramattabhAva se kriyA-pravRtti karane se Asrava-nirodha ho jAtA hai| (4) akaSAya saMvara-krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha, ina cAroM kaSAyoM se bacanA hI akaSAya-saMvara hai / jaba cAroM kaSAyoM se jIva nivRtta ho jAtA hai, taba use kevalajJAna prApta ho jAtA hai| (5) ayoga saMvara-jisa samaya kevalajJAnI bhagavAn Ayukarma ke zeSa hone se terahaveM guNasthAna meM hote haiM, taba ve mana-vacana-kAyA ke yogoM se yukta hote haiM, kintu jaba kevalI bhagavAn kI Ayu antamuhUtta pramANa zeSa rahatI hai, taba ve caudahaveM guNasthAna meM praviSTa ho jAte haiN| phira kramazaH yogoM kA nirodha karake zIghra hI ayogI avasthA ko prApta hokara nirvANapada pA lete haiN| AtmA ayogobhAva karake ho mokSArUr3ha ho sakatA hai, aura ayogIbhAva prApta hotA hai--yogoM ke pUrNatayA nirodha (saMvara) se / yahI ayoga saMvara kA artha hai| . (7) nirjarAtatva Atma-pradezoM ke sAtha sambaddha karmoM kA skhalita honA nirjarA hai / nirjarA meM karmoM kA ekadeza se kSaya hotA hai, sarvathA nhiiN| parantu nirjarA kI kriyA jaba utkRSTatA ko prApta kara letI hai, taba AtmapradezoM se sambandhita sarvakarmoM kA kSaya ho jAtA hai, aura AtmA apane zuddhasvarUpa ko prApta kara
Page #422
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 100 | jaina tattvakalikA : paMcama kalikA letA hai / vaha siddha, buddha, niraMjana, nirvikAra, ananta Atma-sukha kA bhoktA banatA hai| nirjarA ke do prakAra-karmoM kI yaha nirjarA do prakAra kI hotI haisakAma-nirjarA aura akAmanirjarA / yahA~ kAma zabda uddezya, Azaya, icchA yA abhilASA artha meM prayukta hai| Atmazuddhi kI icchA se, ucca Azaya se kiye jAne vAle bAhyAntara tapa, parISahasahana, upasarga-vijaya, athavA Atma-sparzI utkRSTa evaM kaThora dharmasAdhanA se karmoM kA jo kSaya hotA hai, vaha sakAmanirjarA hai| nirupAyatA se, anicchA se, vivazatApUrvaka yA ajJAnapUrvaka kaSTa sahane yA mUr3hatApUrvaka tapa karane se jo nirjarA hotI hai, vaha akAma nirjarA hai| athavA karmasthiti kA pAripAka hone se phalabhoga ke anantara karmoM kA svataH jhar3a jAnA bhI akAmanirjarA hai| hA~, karmaphalabhoga ke samaya yadi zAnti, samabhAva aura dhairya rakhe, Atta dhyAna-rodradhyAna na kare to naye karmoM kA bandha nahIM hotA, anyathA purAne karmoM ke kSaya hone ke sAtha-sAtha naye azubha karma bandha jAte haiN| ina donoM meM sakAmanirjarA hI prazasta aura upAdeya hai| _ nirjarA kA upAya-nirjarA kA pramukha upAya tapazcaraNa-zAstrokta vidhipUrvaka bAhya aura Abhyantara tapasyA kA AcaraNa karanA hai| tapasyA ke chaha bAhya aura chaha Abhyantara bheda batAe haiN| inakA vizeSa vivecana pahale kiyA jA cukA hai| (8) bandhatattva AtmA ke sAtha karmoM kA dUdha aura pAnI kI taraha ekameka ho jAnA, tAdAtmya sambandha ho jAnA bandha hai / bandha ke kAraNa jIva kA svarUpa malina ho jAtA hai, jisake kAraNa use saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karanA par3atA hai| karmoM ko kahIM se lene jAnA nahIM pdd'taa| isa prakAra ke (karma) pudgala dravya samagra loka meM ThUsa-ThUsa kara bhare haiN| jainazAstroM meM inheM 'karmavargaNA' kahA gayA hai| ye karmavargaNA ke pudgala rAga-dveSa-moharUpa snigdhatA ke kAraNa AtmapradezoM ke sAtha cipaka jAte haiM, otaprota ho jAte haiN| karma ke bheda-karma ke mukhya 8 bheda haiM-(1) jJAnAvaraNIya, (2) darzanA 1 tapasA nirjarA c| --tattvArthasUtra a. 6, sU. 3 2. sakaSAyatvAjjIvaH karmaNo yogyAn pudgalAnAdatte, sa bndhH| -tattvArtha. 8, 2
Page #423
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ ....... samyagdarzana-svarUpa | 101 varaNIya, (3) vedanIya, (4) mohanIya, (5) Ayu,, (6) nAma, (7) gotra aura (8) antarAya / ye karmoM kI 8 mUla prakRtiyA~ haiN| inakI uttaraprakRtiyAM ... AtmA apane zuddharUpa meM anantajJAna-darzana-cAritramaya hai, ananta sukha [Ananda ] svarUpa hai, anantavIrya sampanna hai| parantu AtmA kA yaha mUla svarUpa evaM ye Atmika zaktiyA~ [jJAna, darzana, cAritra Adi kI zaktiyA~] karmoM se AvRta--AcchAdita haiN| karma svataH jIva se nahIM cipaka jAte, kintu vividha kamI ke bandha ke kAraNa utpanna hone para ve kAmaNa-skandha kamarUpa banakara jIva se sambaddha hote haiM / yadi karma svataH jIva se saMlagna hote to vaha kadApi karmarahita nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki jahA~ jIva haiM, vahIM karma rahe hue haiM, taba to ve inake sAtha lagate hI rahate / karmabandha ke kAraNa--- yoM dekhA jAe to karma ke bIja mukhya do hI haiMrAga aura dveSa / kintu spaSTa rUpa se karmabandha ke 5 kAraNa haiM---[1] mithyAtva, [2] avirati, [3] pramAda, [4] kapAya aura [5] yog| .. karmabandha ke 4 prakAra --- karmoM kA bandha cAra prakAra kA hotaa| (1) prakRtibandha---ATha karmoM ko jo 148 prakRtiyA~ haiM, unameM se karmoM kA vibhinna svabhAva [prakRti] nizcita honA; athavA karmapudgala jaba AtmA dvArA grahaNa kiye jAte haiM, taba unakA vibhinna prakAra kA svabhAva utpanna honA prakRtibandha hai| jaise--jJAnAvaraNIya karma ko prakRti jJAna ko evaM darzanAvaraNIya karma kI prakRti darzana ko AcchAdita karane ko hotI hai| jaise-vibhinna laDDaoM kA svabhAva vAta, pitta yA kapha-nivAraNa kA hotA hai, vaise ho vibhinna karmoM kA svabhAva AtmA ke vibhinna guNoM para AvaraNa DAlanA hai| (2) sthitibandha-AtmA ke sAtha karmoM ke baMdhe rahane kI kAlamaryAdA ko sthiti kahate haiN| vibhinna karmoM kI jaghanya aura utkRSTa sthiti bhinnabhinna hai| (3) anubhAgabandha-anubhAga (anubhAva) kA artha hai---karma kA tIvra-manda zubhAzubha rasa / arthAt ---prakRti [svabhAva] baMdhane [svabhAva-nirmANa] ke sAtha hI usameM tIvra atitIvra, madhyama yA mandarUpa se phala dene kI zakti bhI nirmita ho jAtI hai / isa prakAra kI zakti yA vizeSatA ko anubhAgabandha kahate haiN| 1 prakRti-sthityanubhAga-pradezAstadvidhayaH / --tattvArthasUtra a. 8, sU. 4
Page #424
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 102 / jaina tattvakalikA : paMcama kalikA (4) pradezabandha-pradeza arthAt karmadalikoM ke samUha kA nyUnAdhikarUpa meM jIva ke sAtha ba~dha jAnA pradezabandha hai| jIva ke dvArA grahaNa kiye jAne ke pazcAt bhinna-bhinna svabhAva meM pariNata hone vAlA karmapudgala samUha apane-apane svabhAva ke anusAra amukaamuka parimANa meM vibhakta ho jAtA hai / prakRtibandha aura pradezabandha yoga ke kAraNa tathA sthitiTandha aura anubhAgabandha kaSAya ke kAraNa hote haiM / (8) mokSatattva mokSa, bandha kA pratipakSI hai| isalie bandha ke kAraNoM kA abhAva hokara nirjarA dvArA sampUrNa karmoM kA Atyantika kSaya ho jAnA hI mokSa hai|' AThoM karmoM se baMdhA huA bhavya jIva, kabhI na kabhI saMvara aura nirjarA ke dvArA pUrNarUpa se karmabandhana se chUTatA hI hai| jaba AtmA pUrNa rUpa se karmabandhana se mukta ho jAtA hai, taba vaha apane zuddha svarUpa meM A jAtA hai, vahI avasthA mokSa yA mukti kahalAtI hai| karmarahita jIva kI zuddha avasthA ko mokSa kahate haiN| mokSa prApta hone para na to nae karma baMdhane kI koI saMbhAvanA rahatI hai, aura na hI pUrvabaddha koI karma sarvathA kSaya hone se bacatA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki mukta avasthA meM jova karmoM se pUrNatayA nirlepa ho jAtA hai| mokSa prApti ke kAraNa-mokSa prApta karane ke mukhya tIna kAraNa sAdhana haiM-(1) samyagdarzana, (2) samyagjJAna, aura (3) smykcaaritr| jainazAstroM meM 'tapa' ko bhI mokSa kA eka aMga mAnA hai| ina cAroM meM se jJAna darzana sUrya ke pratApa aura prakAza kI taraha muktAvasthA meM bhI sadaiva rahate haiM, kyoMki ye donoM AtmA ke nijI guNa haiM tathA cAritra aura tapa kI AvazyakatA mokSa prApta karane taka hI rahatI hai| sarvathA karmakSaya hone ke bAda AtmA zuddha, buddha, sarvajJa, sarvadarzI, ajaraamara, niraMjana, nirvikAra, anantacatuSTayasampanna hokara nijasvarUpa meM nimagna hokara zAzvata sukha meM lIna rahatA hai| 1 payai sahAvo vatto, ThiIkAlAvadhAraNaM / aNubhAgo raso Neo, paeso dalasaMcao // --navatattvaprakaraNa gA. 37 2 'kRtsnakarmakSayomokSaH / ' 'bandhahetvabhAvanirjarAbhyAm / ' --tattvArtha. a. 10, sU. 2, 3
Page #425
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ samyagdarzana-svarUpa | 103 mokSapada kI prApti manuSya ho kara sakate haiM / nau tattvoM kA zraddhAna-jJAna ina nau tattvoM kA jisa rUpa meM sarvajJa vItarAga tIrthaMkaroM ne heya, jJaya, upAdeya rUpa yA svarUpa batAyA hai, usa rUpa meM jAnakara ina tattvabhUta padArthoM para zraddhAna karanA hI samyagdarzana hai, jo zrutadharma kA pramukha aMga hai| samyagdarzana ke vikAsa evaM dar3hatA ke lie ATha AcAra pUrvokta tattvArtha zraddhAnarUpa samyagdarzana ko vikasita karane evaM usa para dRr3ha rahane ke lie nimnokta ATha guNoM kI AvazyakatA haiM--(1) niHzaMkatA, (2) niSkAMkSatA, (3) nirvicikitsA, (4) amUr3hadRSTitva, (5) upabahaNa, (6) sthirIkaraNa, (7) vAtsalya aura (8) prbhaavnaa|| ye ATha darzanAcAra haiM / isa aSTasUtrI darzanAcAra ke kriyAnvita karane se zrutadharma kA samyaktva ke rUpa meM zuddha AcaraNa hotA hai| inameM se prathama cAra AcAra samyaktva kA vikAsa karane vAle Antarika guNa haiM, aura antima cAra AcAra bAhyaguNa haiM / (1) niHzaMkatA-dharma, siddhAnta yA tattvabhUta padArtha ke viSaya meM niHzaMka bananA, dRr3ha vizvAsa rakhanA ki jinendra bhagavAn ne jisa tattva kA jo vastusvarUpa baMtAyA hai, vaha vaisA hI hai / jo dharma yA tattva viSayaka zaMkA rakhatA hai, vaha dhyeya taka nahIM pahuMca sakatA, na ho zrutadharma para dRr3ha raha sakatA hai| (2) niSkAMkSatA--jinaprajJapta samyaka dharma, siddhAnta yA tattva ke atirikta anya dharmoM Adi kI AkAMkSA na karanA, apane dharma tathA tattva para acala aTala rahakara niSkAmabhAva se satpravRtti karate rahanA samyaktva kI dRr3hatA ke lie Avazyaka hai| bAta-bAta meM anya dharma yA tattva ke viSaya meM vAgADambara dekhakara usameM na phaMsanA zrutadharma kA AcAra hai / (3) nivicikitsA-samyak vItarAga prarUpita dharma ke phala ke viSaya meM sandeha karanA yA samyagjJAnI ke AcAra-vicAra ke prati ghRNA na karanA nirvicikitsA hai / isa guNa se zrutadharmapAlana meM dRr3hatA AtI hai| (4) amUDhadRSTitva-devamUr3hatA, gurumUr3hatA, dharmamUr3hatA, lokamUr3hatA tathA andhavizvAsa, kUrUr3hi Adi meM na phaMsanA varan vivekabuddhipUrvaka dharma kA AcaraNa karanA tattvabhUta padArthoM para vizvAsa rakhanA samyagdarzana kI vizuddhi ke lie anivArya hai| amUDhadRSTi hI zrutadharma kA zuddharUpa meM pAlana kara sakatA hai|
Page #426
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 104 | jaina tattvakalikA : paMcama kalikA (5) upabRhaNa-jo zrutadharma-cAritradharma para dRr3hatApUrvaka cala rahe haiM, unheM protsAhana denA, dharma kI avahelanA ho rahI ho to dUra karanA, jinapraNIta tattvoM ko logoM ke gale utAranA upabahaNa hai| yaha guNa bhI samyaktva aura zrutadharma ke prasAra-pracAra ke lie Avazyaka hai| (6) sthirIkaraNa- koI vyakti zruta-cAritradharma se kisI kAraNavaza bhraSTa yA cyuta ho rahA hai yA bhaya yA pralobhana ke kAraNa dharma se phisala rahA ho to use dharma para dRr3ha karanA, pralobhana se bacAnA, yathAyogya sahAyatA denA bhI zrutadharma kI vRddhi karanA hai| (7) vAtsalya-jagat ke jIvoM, vizeSataH sArmikoM ke prati vAtsalyabhAva rakhanA, aharniza bandhubhAva meM vRddhi karanA, samaya-samaya para unase dharma, tattva yA siddhAntoM ke viSaya meM AtmIyatApUrvaka carcA-vicAraNA karanA bhI zrutadharma ke vikAsa ke lie Avazyaka hai| (8) prabhAvanA-pratyeka samucita upAya dvArA dharma kA uddhAra, pracAraprasAra karanA, prabhAva bar3hAnA prabhAvanA hai / jo zrutadharma ko pallavita-puSpita karane ke lie Avazyaka hai| isa prakAra samyaktva ke rUpa meM zratadharma ko jIvana meM caritArtha karane se AdhyAtmika vikAsa evaM Atmavizuddhi ho sakatI hai|
Page #427
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ jaina tatva kAlikA chaThI kalikA samyag darzana ke sandarbha meM :AtmavAda, lokavAda, karmavAda, kriyAvAda Astika-nAstika-paribhASA Atma-astitva mImAMsA.. AtmA kA svarUpa-vividha vicAra bindu lokavAda : eka samIkSAloka-svarUpa : AkAra evaM vistAra loka kartRtva-mImAMsA karmavAda : eka mImAMsAkarmavAda evaM anya darzana tathA vAda adRSTavAda, prakRtivAda, bhUtakAda, mAyAvAda kAlavAda, svabhAvavAda, puruSArthavAda Adi karma-svarUpa karma kI prakRtiyAM mokSavAda : mokSaprApti ke sAdhana : dhyAna-svarUpa mokSa kA zAsvatatva guNasthAna krama
Page #428
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Page #429
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ samyagdarzana ke sandarbha meM chaThI kalikA AtmavAda, lokavAda, karmavAda, kriyAvAda zratadharma ke pariprekSya meM jaba hama 'samyagdarzana' kA vicAra karate haiM to usake lakSaNa se eka bAta spaSTa ho jAtI hai kiM tattvabhUta jinokta padArthoM yA deva-guru-dharma ke prati zraddhA honA anivArya hai / kintu itane bhara se hI samyagdarzana paripuSTa, sudRr3ha aura paripakva nahIM ho jaataa| usake lie samyagdarzana ke zama, saMvega, nirveda, anukampA aura Astikya ye jo pA~ca lakSaNa batAe haiM, unameM se antima lakSaNa - Astikya kA honA anivArya hai / AstikatA ke binA tattvabhUta padArthoM ke prati yA deva- guru-dharma ke prati korI zraddhA Age calakara gar3abar3A sakatI hai / isalie samyagdarzana kI nIMva majabUta banAne hetu Astikya kA honA Avazyaka hai tabhI zrutadharma samyak rUpa se jIvana meM kriyAnvita ho sakatA hai / ataH isa kalikA meM hama Astikya ke sambandha meM jaina darzana kI dRSTi se vistRta carcA kareMge / yadi Astikya kA artha kevala jinokta tattva ke prati yA deva-guru-dharma ke prati zraddhA AsthA rakhanA itanA hI kiyA jAye to samyagdarzana aura Astikya meM koI antara nahIM raha jAtA / ataH Astikya kA artha kucha aura honA cAhie / pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke anusAra Astika aura nAstika kA nirvacana isa prakAra hai asti nAsti diSTaM matiH isakA spaSTArtha - AtmA-paramAtmA, punarjanma, paraloka, puNya-pApakarma evaM mokSa Adi kA astitva hai, aisI jisakI buddhi hai, vaha Astika hai, aura ina viSayoM meM jisakI nAstitvabuddhi hai, vaha nAstika hai / isa dRSTi se Astika ke bhAva - vicAra ko Astikya kahA jA sakatA hai | ataH Astikya kA spaSTArtha huA - AtmA Adi parokSa, kintu AgamapramANa siddha padArthoM kA svIkAra karanA / AcArAMga sUtra meM Astika ke jIvana prAsAda ko cAra sudRr3ha stambhoM para khar3A batAyA gayA hai / vaha sUtra isa prakAra hai --
Page #430
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 106 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA _ 'se AyAvAI, logAvAI, kammAvAI, kiriyAvAI / arthAt-jo (Astika) AtmavAdI hogA, vaha lokavAdI avazya hogA, aura jo lokavAdI hogA, vaha karmavAdI hogA aura jo karmavAdI hogA, vaha kriyAvAdo avazya hogaa| cAroM vAda paraspara sambaddha niSkarSa yaha hai ki Astikya kA mahala cAra sudRr3ha stambhoM para khar3A hai-(1) AtmavAda, (2) lokavAda, (3) karmavAda aura (4) kriyAvAda / ye cAroM vAda eka dUsare se zRkhalA kI taraha jur3e hue haiN| jisameM Astikya hogA, usameM ye cAroM vAda avazya hoNge| ina cAroM vAdoM ke yathArtha svarUpa ke viSaya meM sarvajJa vItarAgajinezvaradeva ne jisa prakAra kahA hai, usI prakAra se unake astitva evaM svarUpa ke viSaya meM AsthA rakhanA hI Astikya hai| ina cAroM vAdoM ke astitva evaM yathArthasvarUpa se inkAra karane vAle yA viparIta rUpa meM mAnane vAle nAstika haiN| Astikya ke sAtha ye cAroM vAda paraspara kaise aura kisa prakAra jur3e hue haiM, isa para vicAra karanA Avazyaka hai / AtmavAda Astikya vRkSa kA mUla hai, jabaki lokavAda, karmavAda / aura kriyAvAda hai kramazaH-skandha, zAkhA aura phl| kriyAvAda-akriyAvAda sarvaprathama kriyAvAda se prArambha karanA ucita hogA; kyoMki jo kriyAvAdI hogA, vaha pUrva-pUrva vAdoM ke prati avazya hI AsthAzIla hogaa| isa vizva ke pramukha dArzanikoM meM do prakAra ke vicAra-pravAha pracalita hue-kriyAvAda aura akriyAvAda / Atma-paramAtmA, paraloka (svarga-naraka), karma (puNya-pApa) evaM mokSa para vizvAsa karane vAle kriyAvAdI aura ina para vizvAsa nahIM karane vAle 'akriyAvAdI' khlaae|| kriyAvAdI kahate haiM-AtmA hai, vaha jJAna, darzana, sukha aura vIrya se sampanna hai / vaha svasaMvedana pratyakSa hai, anumAna aura Agama se bhI siddha hai, yogI-pratyakSa to hai hii| vaha pariNAmonitya hai, apane karmoM kA kartA hai, unake phala kA bhoktA hai, vaha mukti prApta kara sakatA hai, aura mukti kA upAya yA mArga bhI hai| 1 AcArAMga, prathama zrutaskandha, a. 1, sU. 5
Page #431
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ AtmavAda, lokavAda, karmavAda, kriyAvAda | 107 AtmavAda sambandhI vicAra ataH kriyAvAda kA nirUpaNa yaha rahA ki AtmA ke astitva meM sandeha mata karo | vaha amUta hai, isalie indriyagAhya nahIM hai / vaha nitya hai; kintu svakRta mithyAtva ajJAna, rAgadveSAdi doSoM ke kAraNa hue karmabandha ke phalasvarUpa nAnA gatiyoM evaM yoniyoM meM paribhramaNa karatA hai / ataH manuSya, tica Adi nAnA paryAyoM meM pariNata hone ke kAraNa vaha anitya bhI hai / isake viparIta akriyAvAdiyoM kA kathana hai ki isa jagat meM pRthvI, jala, vAyu, agni aura AkAza, ye pA~ca mahAbhUta hI tattva haiN| inake samudAya se caitanya yA AtmA paidA hotA hai / bhUtoM kA nAza hone para usakA bhI nAza ho jAtA hai | ataH AtmA nAma kA koI svatantra padArtha pratyakSa nahIM hai jo pratyakSa nahIM, use kaise mAnA jA sakatA hai, AtmA indriyoM aura mana se pratyakSa nahIM hai, phira hama use kyoM kara mAneM ? ataH jisa prakAra araNi kI lakar3I se agni, tiloM se tela aura dUdha se ghRta utpanna hotA hai, vaise hI paMcabhUtAtmaka zarIra se jIva (caitanya) utpanna hotA hai, zarIra naSTa hone para AtmA jaisI koI vastu nahIM rahatI / lokavAda viSayaka vicAra kriyAvAdI AtmavAda ke sAtha-sAtha lokavAda ko mAnate hue kahate haiM- "anantakAla taka vividha gatiyoM aura yoniyoM meM paribhramaNa karane ke bAda manuSya janma milA hai|" yadi isa jIvana ko vyartha ga~vA doge to phira dIrghakAla ke pazcAt bhI manuSyajanma milanA sulabha nahIM hai / karmoM ke vipAka atyanta dAruNa duHkhadAyaka hote haiM / ataH samajho, ise kyoM nahIM samajhate ho ? aisA sadbodha- suviveka bAra-bAra nahIM miltaa| jo rAtriyA~ bIta gaI haiM, ve punaH lauTa kara nahIM AtIM aura na mAnava-jIvana phira se milanA sulabha hai / ataH jaba taka vRddhAvasthA na satAe, roga gherA na DAle 1 (ka) pRthivyAdibhUta saMhatyAM yathA dehAdisambhavaH / madazaktiH surAMgebhyo, yattadavaccidAtmani // - paDdarzanasamuccaya, zlo0 84 zarIra viSayendriya saMjJAH - tattvopaplava zAM0 bhASya (kha) pRthivyApastejovAyuriti tattvAni, tatsamudAye tebhyazcaitanyam / 2 kammANaM tu pahANAra ANupuvvI kayAi u / jIvA sohimaNupattA, AyayaMti maNussayaM // khalu pecca dullahA / No hUvaNamaMti rAio, No sulabhaM puNarAvi jIviyaM // 3 saMvujjhaha, kiM na bujjhaha ! saMbohI - uttarA, a. 3. gA. 7 --sUtrakRtAMga, zru. 1, a. 2, u. 1, sU. 86
Page #432
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 108 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA indriyA~ zaktihIna na baneM, taba taka dharmAcaraNa kara lo| anyathA, mRtyu ke samaya vaise hI pachatAnA hogA, jaise sApha-suthare rAjamArga ko chor3akara Ubar3a-khAbar3a mArga se jAne vAlA gAr3IvAna ratha kI dhurI TUTa jAne para pachatAtA hai|" ___ jo rAta yA dina calA jAtA hai, vaha phira vApasa lauTa kara nahIM AtA / jo adharma karatA hai, usake rAta-dina niSphala hote haiN| kintu dharmaniSTha vyakti ke ve saphala hote haiN| ataH dharmAcaraNa karane meM eka kSaNa bhI pramAda na kro| ___isa prakAra kriyAvAdI varga ne saMyamapUrvaka jIvana bitAne, dhargAcaraNa meM pramAda na karane, durlabha manuSya-janma ko vyartha na khone kA upadeza diyaa| isake viruddha akriyAvAdI varga ne AtmA, paraloka Adi AstikatattvoM se inkAra karate hue kahA-"jaba AtmA hI nahIM hai, athavA yahIM sArI lIlA samApta ho jAne vAlI hai, isase Age kucha nahIM hai, yaha jo pratyakSa dRSTigocara ho rahA hai, itanA hI loka hai| priye ! khAo, pIo aura mauja ur3Ao, cintA karane jaisI koI bAta nahIM hai| jo kucha kara logI vahI tumhArA hai| mRtyu ke bAda kucha bhI AnA-jAnA nahIM hai| jaba taka jIo, sukha se jIo / karja karake bhI ghI piio| yaha zarIra yahA~ bhasma ho jAne ke bAda punarAgamana kahA~ hai / / 1 jarA jAva na pIlei, vAhI jAva na vaDDhai / __jAvidiyA na hAyaMti, tAva dhamma samAyare // -dazavakAlika a. 8 gA. 35 2 jahA sAgaDio jANaM, samaM hiccA mahApahaM / visamaM maggamoiNNo akkhe bhaggammi soyai / / .. evaM dhamma viukkamma, ahamma paDivajjiyA / bAle mucyumuhaM patte akkhe bhagge va soyaI / / -uttarA0 a. 5 gA. 14-15 3 (ka) jA jA vaccai rayaNI na sA paDiniyattai / ahamaM kuNamANassa aphalA jati raaiio| jA jA vaccai rayaNI na sA paDiniyattai / dhammaM ca kuNamANassa saphalA jaMti raaiio| (kha) 'samayaM goyama ! mA pamApae / 4 (ka) etAvAneva loko'yaM (puruSo), yAvAnindriyagocaraH / bhadra ! vRkapadaM pazya yadvadantyabahuzrutAH / / -AcArya bRhaspati (kha) piba khAda ca cArulocane ! yadatItaM varagAtri ! na te / 5 yAvajjIvet sukhaM jIvet RNaM kRtvA ghRta pibet / bhasmIbhUtasya dehasya punarAgamanaM kutaH / / -AcArya bRhaspati
Page #433
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ AtmavAda, lokavAda, karmavAda, kriyAvAda | 106 kriyAvAdiyoM ne kahA - " manorama kAmabhoga kimpAkaphala ke samAna manuSya ke lie mAraka haiM / inameM pha~sakara apanA ihaloka-paraloka mata bigAr3o / kaSToM ko samabhAvapUrvaka sahane se karmakSaya hotA hai, nirjarAAtmazuddhi hotI hai / deha se duHkhoM ko samabhAvapUrvaka sahanA mahAphala hai / akriyAvAdI isa para bokhalA jAte haiM aura jo kucha kahate haiM, unakI mAnyatA kA ullekha uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM ina zabdoM meM AtA hai - "yaha sabase bar3I mUrkhatA hai ki loga dRSTa sukhoM ko chor3akara adRSTa sukhoM ko pAne kI daur3a meM lage haiM / kAmabhoga hAtha meM Ae hue haiM, ve pratyakSa haiM, jo bhaviSya ke sukha haiM, ve to parokSa haiM, dIrghakAla ke pazcAt milane vAle haiM / paraloka kisane jAnA dekhA hai ? kauna jAnatA hai - paraloka hai yA nahIM ?' janasamUha kA eka bar3A bhAga sAMsArika sukhoM kA upabhoga karane meM vyasta hai, phira hama hI kyoM upabhoga na kreN| janatA ko paraloka ke sabjabAga dikhAkara prApta sukhoM se vimukha kara denA, kauna-sI tattvajJatA hai ? ataH hamArI dRSTi meM yaha atAttvika hai / " karmavAda sambandhI mAnyatAe~ - kriyAvAdiyoM kI vicAradhArA lokavAda se karmavAda kI ora bar3hI, unhoMne kahA - prANI jo bhI acchA yA burA karma karatA hai, usakA phala use bhoganA par3atA hai / zubhakarmoM kA phala zubha aura azubha karmoM kA phala azubha milatA hai / paraloka meM karttA (karmakartA ) ke sAtha hI karma jAtA hai / jIva apane pApa-puNya karmoM ke sAtha hI paraloka meM utpanna hote haiM / puNya-pApa donoM kA kSaya hone para asIma sukhamaya mokSa kI prApti hotI hai| kriyAvAdiyoM kI vicAradhArA ke phalasvarUpa bhavyajanatA meM dharmaruci, tapa tyAga kI vRtti jAgRta huI / alpa- icchA, alpArambha aura alpaparigraha kA mahattva bar3hA / ahiMsA, satya, asteya, 'brahmacarya aura aparigraha kI upAsanA karane vAlA vyakti mahAn evaM AdaraNIya samajhA jAne lagA / 1 hatthAgayA ime kAmA, kAliyA je aNAgayA / ko jAi pare loe, asthi vA natthi vA puNo // 6 // | na me diTThe pare loe, cakkhu diTThA imA raI // 3 // 2 suciNA kammA suciNNA phalA bhavaMti / duciNA kammA ducciNNA phalA bhavaMti // maphale kallA pAvae paccAyaMti jIvA / kaDANa kammANa na mokkha asthi || - uttarA0 a0 5 - uttarA0 4 / 3
Page #434
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 110 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA akriyAvAdI varga ne isake viparIta prarUpaNA kI-sukRta aura duSkRta kA phala nahIM hotA, na hI zubhakarmoM ke zubha aura azubhakarmoM ke azubha phala hote haiM / AtmA paraloka meM jAkara utpanna hI nahIM hotaa|' phalataH logoM meM bhogavAda kI prabala icchA uThI, ve mahArambha, mahAparigraha meM grasta rahane lge| kriyAvAda kA antima lakSya bhautika sukhopabhoga hI rahA / vaha duSkarmaphala kI cintA chor3akara sa-sthAvara jIvoM kI bekhaTake nirarthaka hiMsA karane lgaa| anya pApakarma bhI niHsaMkoca karane lgaa| ___anubhava batAtA hai ki prANaghAtaka roga, vipatti yA mRtyu ke samaya bar3e-bar3e nAstika kA~pane lagate haiN| kabhI-kabhI ve nAstikatA ko tilAMjali dekara Astika bhI bana jAte haiM / prAyaH akriyAvAdI logoM ko antima samaya meM yaha saMzaya hone lagatA hai ki maiMne kaI bAra sunA hai ki naraka hai, jahA~ pApakarmI, karakarmI, durAcArI evaM atyAcArI logoM ko unake kiye hae duSkarmoM ke phalasvarUpa naraka meM pragAr3ha vedanA sahanI par3atI hai| kahIM yaha saca to nahIM hai ? sacamuca yaha satya ho to merI bahuta durdazA hogii| __ isa prakAra kriyAvAdI jahA~ AtmavAda, karmavAda aura lokavAda kI pRSThabhUmi para apanA jIvana sudhAratA hai, zubha kArya karatA hai, dharmAcaraNa bhI karatA hai, vahA~ akriyAvAdI AtmA, paraloka aura karmavAda se vimukha hokara , apanA jIvana bigAr3atA hai, pApakarma karatA hai| ina donoM vicAradhArAoM kA pariNAma hamAre sAmane hai| inase kevala dArzanika dRSTikoNa hI nahIM banatA, apitu vyaktigata, pArivArika, sAmAjika rASTrIya evaM dhArmika jIvana para bhI ina vicAradhArAoM kA anukUla-pratikUla prabhAva par3atA hai| samagra jIvana ke zubhAzubha nirmANa meM ina donoM vicAradhArAoM kA bahuta bar3A hAtha rahA hai| aba hama Astikya ke lie anivArya kriyAvAda ke mUlasrota-AtmavAda, lokavAda aura karmavAda para kramazaH vicAra karate haiN| AtmavAda : eka samIkSA kisI bhI atIndriya vastu ke astitva ke viSaya meM nirNaya karate samaya 1 No succiNNA kammA succiNNA phalA bhavati / No ducciNNA kammA ducciNNA phalA bhavaMti / aphale kallANapAvae No paccAyati jIvA ||-dshaashrutskndh 66 se uddhRta 2 'kUrANi kammANi . bAle pakuvvamANe teNa dukkheNamuDhe vippariyAsamuvei moheNa gabbhaM maraNAti eti / ' -AcArAMga zru. 1 a. 5, u. 1 sU. 486-487
Page #435
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ AtmavAda, lokavAda, karmavAda, kriyAvAda | 111 sAdhaka-bAdhaka pramANoM ko dekhanA Avazyaka hotA hai / jo vastu pratyakSa hai, usake viSaya meM kisI ko sandeha nahIM hotA / parokSa vastu ke viSaya meM sAdhAraNa AdamI kA jJAna, jo bhI par3ha-sunakara hotA hai, vaha sAdhaka-bAdhaka tarkoM kI kasauTI para kasA huA hotA hai / yadi sAdhaka pramANa prabala hote haiM, to vaha parokSa vastu ke astitva ko svIkAra kara letA hai, aura bAdhaka pramANa balavAna hoM to vaha usake astitva se inkAra kara detA hai / parokSa hone para bhI AtmA kA astitva hai| AtmA pratyakSa hotA to kisI ko zaMkA karane kA avakAza na rahatA, kintu vaha parokSa hai, atIndriya hai, amUrta hai / indriyA~ sirpha sparza-rasa-gandharUpAtmaka mUrta padArtha ko hI jAna sakatI haiN| mana indriyoM kA anugAmI hai / vaha indriyoM dvArA jAne hue padArthoM ke vizeSa rUpoM ko jAnatA hai va unake viSaya meM cintana-manana karatA hai / mUrta ke mAdhyama se vaha amRta vastuoM ko bhI jAnatA hai / AtmA zabda, rUpa, rasa, gandha aura sparza se rahita hai vaha amUrta hai, arUpI sattA hai / ' amRta hone ke kAraNa vaha indriyoM aura mana ke dvArA na jAnA jAe isase usake astitva para koI A~ca nahIM AtI / indriyoM dvArA arUpI AkAza ko kaba kauna jAna sakA hai ? phira bhI AkAza kA astitva mAnA jAtA hai / arUpI kI bAta jAne deM, aNu yA ANavika sUkSma padArtha, jorUpI haiM, ve bhI indriyoM se nahIM jAne jA sakate, phira bhI unake astitva se inkAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / ekamAtra indriyapratyakSa ko mAnane se saMsAra kA koI vyavahAra nahIM cala sakatA | indriyapratyakSavAdI ne apane pUrvajoM ko nahIM dekhA, isa kAraNa vaha unake astitva se kaise inkAra kara sakatA hai ? yahI kyoM, dIvAra ke pIche, yA sUkSma, atidUra ( viprakRSTa) aura vyavahita vastu ko indriyA~ nahIM dekhasuna sakatIM phira bhI use mAnanA par3atA hai / AtmA ke astitva meM sAdhaka tarka AtmA pratyakSa na hone para bhI, bhAratIya darzanoM meM AtmA para bahuta adhika manana-cintana huA hai / yadi yaha kaheM to koI atyukti na hogI ki AtmavAda bhAratIya darzana kA pradhAna aura mahatvapUrNa aMga hai / yahA~ anAtma 1 AcArAMgasUtra, zru. 1. a. 5, u. 6, sU. 563-566 2 "no iM diyagejjha amuttabhAvA, amuttabhAvA vi ya hoi nicco / " - uttarA0 a. 14 gA. 16
Page #436
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 112 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA vAdI bhI rahe haiM, kintu unako saMkhyA nagaNya rahI hai| phira bhI unhoMne AtmA ke virodha meM apane tarka prastuta kiye haiN| AtmavAdiyoM dvArA diye gaye unake vipakSa meM AtmA ke sAdhaka pramANa itane akATya haiM ki anAtmavAdiyoM ko unake Age niruttara honA par3atA hai| AtmA ke viSaya meM sAdhaka takoM kA vargIkaraNa isa prakAra hai (1) svasaMvedana-rUpI padArthoM kI taraha, arUpI AtmA pratyakSa nahIM dIkhatA, kintu svAnubhavapramANa se AtmA kA astitva siddha hotA hai| maiM hU~, maiM sukhI hU~, maiM duHkhI hU~, aisA anubhava (saMvedana) zarIra ko nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki zarIra paMcabhUtoM se banA huA jar3a padArtha hai| yadi zarIra ko hI AtmA mAna liyA jAe yA paMcabhUtoM se caitanyotpatti mAnI jAe jaisA ki tajjIvataccharIravAdI yA bhUtacaitanyavAdI kahate haiM, taba to mRta zarIra ko bhI sajIva aura jJAna (cetanA) ke prakAza vAlA mAnanA par3egA, parantu vastusthiti yaha hai ki icchA, anubhUti Adi guNa mRtaka zarIra meM nahIM hote|' (2) upAdAna kAraNa-isa yukti ke anusAra yaha siddha hotA hai ki caitanya, icchA, anubhUti Adi guNoM kA upAdAna zarIra nahIM, kintu koI dUsarA hI tattva hai, aura vaha AtmA hI hai| jisa vastu kA jaisA upAdAna kAraNa hotA hai, vaha vastu usI rUpa meM pariNata hotI hai| acetana ke upAdAna cetana meM nahIM badala sakate / zarIra pRthvI Adi bhUtasamUhoM kA banA haA hone se jar3a-acetana hai / jaise ghaTa, paTa Adi jar3a padArthoM meM jJAna, icchA Adi guNoM kA astitva nahIM hai, vaise hI jar3a zarIra bhI jJAna, icchA Adi guNoM kA upAdAna rUpa AdhAra nahIM ho sktaa| (3) atyantAbhAva-zAstrakAra ke zabdoM meM na kabhI aisA haA hai, na ho rahA hai aura naM hogA, ki jIva ajIva bana jAe athavA ajIva jIva bana jaae| cetana aura acetana donoM meM paraspara eka dUsare kA atyantAbhAva hai| (4) jJeya aura jJAtA kA bhinnatva-jJaya, indriya aura AtmA, ye tInoM pRthaka-pRthak haiM / AtmA grAhaka hai, indriyA~ grahaNa karane ke sAdhana haiM aura padArtha grAhya (jJa ya) haiN| jaise-lohAra saMDAsI se lohapiNDa ko pakar3atA hai| isameM lohapiNDa grAhya hai, saMDAso grahaNa karane kA sAdhana hai aura lohAra 1 dekhiye-sUtrakRtAMga zru. 1, a. 1, u. 117-8 meM bhUtacaitanyavAda evaM tajjIva taccharIravAda kA ullekha / bRhadAraNyaka upaniSad 2 / 4 / 12 meM bhI bhUta caitanyavAda kA ullekha karate hue kahA - hai-'na pretya saMjJA'sti /
Page #437
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ AtmavAda, lokavAda, karmavAda, kriyAvAda | 113 1 grAhaka hai / ye tInoM bhinna-bhinna haiM / yadi lohAra (grAhaka) na ho to saMDAsI lohapiNDa ko grahaNa nahIM kara sakatI, usI prakAra AtmA na ho to, indriyA~ yA mana apane grAhya (jJa eya) viSaya ko grahaNa nahIM kara sakate / ataH AtmA nAmaka grAhaka (jJAtA) kA svataMtra astitva hai / (5) sAdhaka aura sAdhana kA pRthaktva - zarIra meM pAMca indriyA~ haiM, inako sAdhana banAne vAlA AtmA (sAdhaka) indriyoM se bhinna haiM / pAMcoM indriyoM se AtmA rUpa, rasa, gandha, zabda aura sparza grahaNa karatA hai / jaise--- dIpaka se dekhA jAtA hai, parantu dIpaka aura dekhane vAlA, donoM pRthak-pRthak haiM; isI prakAra indriyasamUha aura viSayoM kA grahaNa karane vAlA, ye donoM pRthak-pRthak haiM / sAdhanabhUta indriyA~ AtmA (sAdhaka) ke abhAva meM viSayoM ko grahaNa nahIM kara sakatIM / mRta zarIra meM indriyoM kA astitva hone para bhI mRtaka vyakti ko unase kisI prakAra kA jJAna nahIM hotA / isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki sAdhanabhUta indriyA~ aura unase jJAna prApta karane vAlA AtmA, donoM pRthakpRthak haiM / AtmA kA svataMtra astitva hai / (6) smaraNakarttA AtmA hai - indriyoM ke naSTa ho jAne para bhI unake astitvakAla meM unake dvArA dekhe, sune aura jAne hue viSayoM kA smaraNa hotA hai / jaise - kAna se koI vastu sunI yA A~kha se koI vastu dekhI, kintu saMyogavaza kAna kA pardA phaTa jAne para yA netra jyoti naSTa ho jAne para bhI pUrvazruta aura dRSTa vastu kI smRti ho jAtI hai / unakA smaraNa karane vAlI indriyA~ to ho nahIM sakatI, ataH inase pRthak caitanyasvarUpa AtmA hI hai / AtmA ke abhAva indriyA~ aura mana donoM niSkriya haiM, ataH donoM ke jJAna aura smaraNa kA mUla srota AtmA hai / (7) saMkalanAtmaka jJAna kA jJAtA - indriyoM kA apanA-apanA nizcita viSaya hotA hai ! eka indriya dUsarI indriya ke viSaya ko nahIM jAna sakatI / amuka vastu ko maiMne sparza kiyA, usakI AvAja sunI usako dekhA, usakI sugandha lI, usakA rasAsvAdana kiyA; isa prakAra eka sAtha sabhI viSayoM kA saMkalanAtmaka jJAna kisI eka indriya ko nahIM ho sktaa| sabhI indriyoM ke viSayoM ke saMkalanAtmaka jJAna kA jJAtA pAMcoM indriyoM se bhinna aura koI hai, aura vaha AtmA hI hai / jaise - pApar3a khAte samaya sparza, rUpa, zabda, rasa aura gandha ina pAMcoM kA eka sAtha akelA anubhava karane vAlA AtmA hai, indriyA~ nahIM; kyoMki vaha A~kha nahIM ho sakatI, A~kha kA kAma kevala dekhane kA hI hai, sparza Adi kA nahIM / sparzendriya bhI nahIM ho sakatI, kyoMki usakA kArya
Page #438
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 114 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA kevala chUne kA hai, na hI anya koI nAka, kAna yA jIbha hI ho sakatI hai, unakA kArya apane-apane viSaya ko grahaNa karanA hai / ataH siddha hotA hai ki vastu ko dekhane, chUne, sUghane, sunane aura cakhane vAlA, jo eka hai, vaha indriyoM se bhinna AtmA hI hai| (8) pUrvasaMskAra evaM janma kI smRti-zarIra evaM indriyA~ yahA~ naSTa ho jAne para bhI dUsare kSetra meM janma lete hI bAlaka mAtA kA stanapAna karatA hai, kisI-kisI bAlaka ko pUrvajanma kA bhI smaraNa rahatA hai| kisI-kisI bAlaka ko to pichale tIna-cAra janmoM taka kI ghaTanAe~ bhI yAda A jAtI haiN| vartamAna meM aisI kaI saccI ghaTanAe~ samAcArapatroM meM AtI haiN| isase siddha hotA hai ki pUrvasaMskAra evaM pUrvajanma kA smaraNa karane vAlA AtmA. hI hai| (E) satpratipakSa-jisake pratipakSa kA astitva hotA hai, usake astitva ko avazya hI tArkika samarthana milatA hai| 'acetana' cetana kA pratipakSI hai| yadi cetanA kI sattA na hotI to 'na cetana'-- aMcetana isa prakAra kA acetana sattA kA nAmakaraNa aura bodha hI nahIM ho sakatA thaa| ataH cetana AtmA kA astitva siddha hotA hai| (10) bAdhaka pramANa kA abhAva-AtmavAdiyoM kA kahanA hai ki AtmA hai, kyoMki usake astitva kA khaNDana karane vAlA koI bhI bAdhaka pramANa nahIM hai| (11) sat kA niSedha-asat kA niSedha nahIM hotaa| jisakA niSedha hotA hai, vaha vastu avazya hI astitva meM hotI hai / ataH yadi AtmA kA astitva na ho to usakA niSedha nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / niSedha cAra prakAra kA hotA hai-(1) saMyoga niSedha, (2) samavAya niSedha, (3) sAmAnya niSedha aura (4) vizeSa niSedha / ataH AtmA nahIM hai, isameM AtmA kA niSedha nahIM, kintu usakA kisI ke sAtha hone vAle saMyoga Adi kA niSedha hai| cAroM ke kramazaH udAharaNa - (1) AtmA zarIra nahIM hai, (2) AtmA acetana nahIM hotA, (3) aisA AtmA aura koI nahIM hai, (4) AtmA jIva ke zarIra se bar3A nahIM hotaa| ina cAroM prakAra ke niSedhoM meM AtmA ke astitva kA niSedha nahIM hai| (12) saMzaya hI Atmasiddhi kA kAraNa-jo yaha socatA hai ki 'maiM nahIM hU~'; vahI AtmA (jIva) hai / cetana ko hI apane astitva ke viSaya meM saMzaya ho sakatA hai, vikalpa uTha sakatA hai, acetana ko kabhI nhiiN| yaha hai yA nahIM ? aisI IhA yA vikalpa cetana ko hI hotA hai|
Page #439
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ AtmavAda, lokavAda, karmavAda, kriyAvAda | 115 (13) guNa dvArA gugI kA grahaNa-caitanya guNa hai aura cetanA guNI / caitanyaguNa usake kAryoM dvArA pratyakSa hai, kintu cetana (AtmA) pratyakSa nahIM hai / jaise--vidyuta dhArA A~khoM se pratyakSa nahIM dikhAI detI, kintu prakAza Adi usake guNa pratyakSa dIkhate haiM, una pratyakSa guNa yA karmoM se parokSa bijalI kA astitva pramANita ho jAtA hai, isI prakAra pratyakSa caitanya guNa yA usake kAryoM se parokSa cetana (AtmA) kA astitva pramANita ho jAtA hai| (14) vizeSa guNa dvArA svatantra astitva bodha-kisI bhI padArtha kA astitva usake viziSTa asAdhAraNa guNa dvArA bhI siddha hotA hai| AtmA meM caitanya nAmaka viziSTa-asAdhAraNa guNa hai, jo kisI bhI dUsare padArtha meM vyApta nahIM hai| isalie AtmA kA svatantra astitva siddha hotA hai| (15) dravya kI kAlikatA-jo pahale-pIche nahIM hotA, vaha madhya (vartamAna) meM bhI nahIM ho sktaa| AtmA yadi pahale-pIche na hotA to vartamAna meM bhI nahIM ho sakatA thA, kintu aisI bAta nahIM hai / AtmA (jIva) eka svatantra dravya hai| vaha pahale thA, pIche bhI rahegA, to vartamAna meM bhI hai, aisA siddha hotA hai| (16) vicitratAoM ke kAraNabhUta karma se AtmA kI siddhi-saMsAra meM koI sUkhI, koI duHkhI; koI vidvAn to koI mUrkha, koI dhanika to koI nirdhana; isa prakAra kI asaMkhya vicitratAe~ dRSTigocara hotI haiM / ye vicitratAe~ - kisI na kisI kAraNa se hI ho sakatI haiN| vaha kAraNa haikarma / aura karma kA koI na koI niyAmaka yA kartA avazya honA caahie| karmoM kA niyAmaka yA prayojaka athavA karttA caitanyazIla AtmA ke sivAya aura koI nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki AtmA ko sukha-duHkha dene vAlA yA dhanI-nirdhana, vidvAn-mUrkha banAne vAlA karmapuJja AtmA ke sAtha pravAharUpa se anAdikAla se saMyukta hai / ataH karma ke astitva ke AdhAra para una karmoM kA karttA-bhoktA yA kSayakartA, AtmA svataH siddha ho jAtA hai| ___ isalie svasaMvedanapratyakSa, anumAna evaM AgamapramANoM tathA sarvajJasarvadarzI ke vacanoM se, yukti aura tarka se carmacakSaoM se agocara AtmA kA astitva siddha ho jAtA hai| , AtmA kA svarUpa AtmA kA astitva mAnane mAtra se hI jainadarzana, usa vyakti ko AtmavAdI svIkAra nahIM karatA / AtmavAdI hone ke lie AtmA kA svarUpa viSayaka ajJAna aura mithyAtva dUra hokara usake jinokta yathArtha svarUpa kA jJAna aura zraddhAna honA bhI Avazyaka hai|
Page #440
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 116 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaTI kalikA AtmA ke svarUpa ke viSaya meM dArzanikoM meM paryApta matabheda haiN| yahA~ una sabakA vistRta varNana karane aura nirAkaraNa karane kI AvazyakatA nahIM / yahA~ sirpha usakI jhAMkI prastuta karake jainadarzanasammata AtmA ke svarUpa kA saMkSipta pratipAdana ho yatheSTa hai| zarIramaya AtmA-cArvAkadarzana paMcabhUtoM se caitanya kI utpatti mAnatA thA, jisakA ullekha aupaniSadika, jaina evaM bauddha sAhitya meM AtA hai| arthAt-paMcabhUtotpanna caitanyamaya zarIra hI AtmA hai, jo yahIM samApta ho jAtA hai / dIgghanikAya meM cAra bhUtoM (dhAtuoM) se puruSa (AtmA) kI utpatti mAnane vAle ajitakezakambalI kA mantavya diyA gayA hai| jaina-bauddha upaniSad-sAhitya meM tajjIva-taccharIravAda (jo jIva hai, vahI zarIra hai, AtmA zarIra se bhinna nahIM hai, isa prakAra ke mata) kA bhI ullekha milatA hai| jainAgama rAjapraznIyasUtra meM tathA bauddhasAhitya ke dIgghanikAya grantha ke eka vibhAga-pAyAsIsUtta' meM rAjA pAyAsI yA paesI (pradezI) kA ullekha milatA hai, jo jIva aura zarIra ko pRthak nahIM mAnatA thaa|' upaniSadoM meM AtmA ko annamaya kahA hai, vaha bhI zarIra kA hI dyotaka hai| chAndogya upaniSada meM prajApati brahmA ke pAsa Atma viSayaka jijJAsA lekara vairocana aura indra ke Agamana kA ullekha hai| prajApati ne sampUrNa zarIra ko hI AtmA mAnane ke mantavya kA samarthana kiyaa| prANamaya AtmA- indra ko isa samAdhAna se santoSa nahIM huA, usake mana meM antaHsphUraNA huI ki nidrAvasthA meM indriyA~ aura mana bhI apanA 1. (ka) sUtrakRtAMga zru. 1, a. 1, u. 1, sU. 7, (kha) brahmajAlasutta (ga) zvetA zvatara upa. 1 / 2, (gha) bRhadAraNyaka, 2 / 4 / 12, (Ga) vizeSAvazyakabhASya gA. . 1553, (ca) nyAyamaMjarI pR. 472, (cha) dIgghanikAya-sAmaJaphalasutta (ja) docce purisajAe paMcamahanbhUie tti aahie| -sUtrakRtAMga zru. 2, a. 1 / 16 2 (ka) iti paDhame purisajAe tajjIvataccharIraeM tti aahie| -sUtrakR. 2 / 1 / 6 (kha) sUtrakRtAMganiyukti gA. 30 (ga) vizeSAvazyaka bhASya-vAyubhUti kI zaMkA (gha) majjhimanikAya--cUlamAlukyasuttaM 3 (ka) rAyappaseNIsuttaM-pradezIrAjA kA adhikAra . (kha) dIgghanikAya-pAyAsIsuttaM 4 (ka) taittirIya upaniSad 2 / 1 / 2 (ca) chAMdogyopaniSad 66
Page #441
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 1 AtmavAda, lokavAda, karmavAda, kriyAvAda | 117 apanA kArya chor3a dete haiM, taba prANa zvAsocchvAsa calatA rahatA hai / mRtyu ke bAda zvAsocchvAsa nahIM pratIta hotA / ataH prANa hI AtmA hai / chAndogya upaniSad meM kahA gayA- 'isa vizva meM jo kucha bhI hai, prANa hai / ' bRhadAraNyaka meM 'prANoM ko devoM kA deva' kahA gayA hai / zarIra meM indriyoM kA sthAna pramukha hone tathA unake pratyakSa hone se kucha dArzanika indriyoM ko AtmA mAnate the / sAMkhyadarzana ke TIkAkAra vAcaspati mizra ne sAMkhyasammata vaikRtikabandha ke anusAra indriyoM ko puruSa mAnane kA ullekha kiyA hai| bRhadAraNyaka meM batAyA gayA ki mRtyu ke samaya sabhI indriyoM ke thaka jAne para bhI prANa prabala rahatA hai / indriyA~ prANa kA rUpa dhAraNa kara letI haiM / ataH indriyoM ko bhI prANa kahate haiM / ' manomaya AtmA - isase bhI Age bar3hakara kucha dArzanikoM ne mana ko AtmA mAnA / niHsandeha indriyoM aura prANa ko apekSA mana sUkSma hai / parantu mana bhautika hai. yA abhautika ? isa viSaya meM dArzanikoM meM mataikya nahIM rahA / naiyAyika aura vaizeSika mana ko aNurUpa tathA pRthvI Adi bhUtoM se vilakSaNa mAnate haiM / sAMkhyadarzana mAnatA hai ki bhUtoM kI utpatti se pUrva hI prakRtija ahaMkAra se mana utpanna hotA hai / bauddhoM ne mana ko vijJAna kA samAnAntara kAraNa mAnA hai| nyAyadarzanakAra ne mana ko AtmA mAnA hai / deha se bhinna AtmA manomaya ho siddha hotA hai, kyoMki mana sarvagrAhI hai / AtmA manomaya hI hai / taittirIya upaniSad meM kahA gayA hai - ' anyo'ntarAtmA manomaya - arthAt - AtmA manomaya hI hai / ' bRhadAraNyaka meM 'mana ko paramabrahma samrAT ' chAndogyopaniSad meM 'brahma' tathA tejobindu upaniSad meM mana ko hI sampUrNa jagat kA rUpa batAyA gayA hai / " vijJAnamaya prajJAnamaya AtmA - cintakoM kA cintana jaba mana se Age 1. ( ka ) taittirIya0 2 / 23 ( ga ) chAndogya 0 3 | 15|4 sAMkhyakArikA 44 (kha) koSItakI upaniSad 3 / 2 (gha) bRhadAraNyaka0 1 / 5 / 21 2 (ka) nyAyasUtra 3 / 2 / 61 (kha) vaizeSikasUtra 7 / 1 / 23 ( ga ) ' paNNAmanantarAtIta vijJAnaM yaddhi tanmanaH / - abhidharmakoza 1 / 17 (gha) taittirIya0 2 / 3 (Ga) bRhadAraNyaka0 1 / 5 / 3 (ca) chAndogya 0 7 3 / 1 (cha) tejobindu upaniSad 5 / 68 / 104
Page #442
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 118 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA bar3hA to unhoMne 'prajJA', 'prajJAna', yA 'vijJAna' ko AtmA khaa| unakA tarka yaha thA ki prajJA ke abhAva meM mana aura indriyA~ kucha bhI nahIM kara sktiiN| ataH prajJA hI mahattvapUrNa hai| taittirIya upaniSad meM vijJAnAtmA ko manomaya AtmA kA antarAtmA kahA hai| aitareya upaniSad meM prajJA, prajJAna aura vijJAna ko ekArthaka mAnA gayA hai| jaba AtmA ko 'vijJAna' ko saMjJA milo, taba AtmaviSayaka cintana ke kSetra meM naI krAnti huii| kauSItakI upaniSad meM kahA gayA-indriyoM ke viSayoM kA yA mana kA jJAna Avazyaka nahIM, kintu indriyaviSayoM ke jJAtA tathA manana karane vAle-prajJAtmA kA jJAna karanA caahie|' kaThopaniSad meM uttarottara zreSTha tattvoM kI gaNanA karate hue kahA gayA-indriyoM se mana, mana se buddhi (mahattatva) aura mahattattva se avyakta prakRti evaM prakRti se puruSa uttarottara ucca haiN|' ____ Anandamaya AtmA-vijJAnamaya AtmA mAnane para bhI AtmA ko kisI cetana padArtha kA dharma na mAnakara acetana padArtha kA dharma mAnA gyaa| yadyapi vijJAnAtmA taka ke cintana se AtmA pUrNataH cetanasvarUpa siddha ho gayA thA, kintu Ananda kI parAkASThA AtmA meM hai, isalie Anandamaya AtmA kI kalpanA kI gii| cidAtmA-yadyapi jainAgama meM bhI nizcaya dRSTi se kahA gayA ki jo AtmA hai, vaha vijJAna hai aura jo vijJAna hai, vaha AtmA hai| kintu vijJAna ke atirikta AtmA ke anya guNoM kA bhI samAveza karane hetu jainadarzana ne AtmA ko caitanyasvarUpa maanaa| upaniSad ke vibhinna RSiyoM ne annamaya se lekara Anandamaya taka jo cintana prastuta kiyA, usameM AtmA ke vibhinna AvaraNoM ko hI AtmA samajhA gyaa| AtmA ke mUlasvarUpa kI ora unakI dRSTi nahIM gii| cintana ke caraNa Age bar3he to RSiyoM ne kahA-'zarIra AtmA kA ratha hai usako calAne vAlA vAstavika rathI to AtmA hai|' kucha upaniSadkAroM ne AtmA ko prANa se tathA indriya aura mana se 1 (ka) kauSItakI upaniSad 3 / 6 / 7 (kha) taittirIya0 2 / 4 (ga) aitereya0 3 / 2, 3 / 3 (gha) kauSItakI0 3 / 8 2 kaThopaniSad 1 / 3 / 10 / 11 3 (ka) 'Anando brahmati vyajAnAt-taittirIya0 2 / 6 (kha) kaThopaniSad 1 / 3 / 10 / 11
Page #443
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ AtmavAda, lokavAda, karmavAda, kriyAvAda | 116 pRthak mAnA aura kahA ki AtmA ke abhAva meM indriyA~, mana, prANa Adi kucha bhI nahIM kara sakate / kintu kucha RSiyoM ne vijJAnamaya aura Anandamaya se bhI alaga brahma kI kalpanA kii| brahma ko hI AtmA mAnA, ise hI sarvabhUtoM meM gUDhAtmA maanaa| parantu cintana itanA Age bar3hane para bhI cintaka gar3abar3A gae / ve kahane lage-vijJAnAtmA svataH prakAzita nahIM hai, para-puruSa (cetana) AtmA svayaM-prakAzo hai, jabaki jaina darzana ne AtmA ko svayaM prakAzaka mAnA hai|' bRhadAraNyaka meM AtmA ko sarvAntarAtmA kA rUpa batAte hue kahAsAkSAt hai, aparokSa hai, vahI prANa ko grahaNa karane vAlA, A~kha se dekhane vAlA, kAnoM se sunane vAlA, mana se vicAra karane vAlA, vahI jJAna kA jAnane vAlA hai / vahI draSTA, zrotA, mantA aura vijJAtA hai| vaha nitya cinmAtrarUpa hai, sarvaprakAzarUpa hai, cinmAtra jyotisvarUpa hai| isa prakAra vibhinna cintakoM ne AtmA ke naizcayika svarUpa kA to kathana kiyA, kintu usakA jo vyAvahArika svarUpa thA, usakI bilakula upekSA kara dI / jabaki jainadarzana ne nizcaya aura vyavahAra arthAt-dravyArthika aura paryAyAthika donoM dRSTiyoM se AtmA ke sarvAMgINa svarUpa kA vicAra prastuta kiyaa| jainadarzana ke anusAra AtmA kA svarUpa isa prakAra hai jIva svarUpataH anAdinidhana (na Adi aura na antavAlA), avinAzI aura akSaya hai| dravyAthikanaya kI apekSA se usakA svarUpa kabhI naSTa nahIM hotA, tonoM kAloM meM eka-sA rahatA hai, isalie vaha nitya hai, kintu paryAyAthikanaya kI dRSTi se vaha bhinna-bhinna rUpoM meM pariNata hotA rahatA hai, ataH anitya hai / jaise sone ke mukuTa, kuNDala Adi aneka rUpa banate haiM, taba bhI vaha sonA hI rahatA hai / kevala nAma aura rUpa meM antara par3a jAtA hai, vaise hI cAra gatiyoM aura caurAsI lakSa jIvayoniyoM meM bhramaNa karate hue jIva kI paryAyeM badalatI haiM, nAma aura rUpa badalate haiM, kintu jIvadravya sadaiva banA rahatA hai| jaise dina meM sUrya yahA~ prakAza karatA hai, taba dRSTigocara hotA hai, rAtri meM anya kSetra meM calA jAtA hai, taba usakA prakAza dRSTigocara nahIM 1 'sarvaM hi etad brahma, ayamAtmA brahma / ' -mANDakya02 2 bRhadAraNyaka 4 / 3 / 6-6 3 bRhadAraNyaka 3 / 7 / 22
Page #444
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 120 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA hotA, vaise hI vartamAna zarIra meM rahA huA jIva dikhAI detA hai, kintu use chor3akara dUsare zarIra meM calA jAtA hai, taba dikhAI nahIM detA / jaise dUdha aura pAnI, tila aura tela, kuMsuma aura gandha - ye eka se pratIta hote haiM, vaise hI saMsArI dazA meM jIva aura zarIra eka-se pratIta hote haiM, parantu jaise - pijar3e se pakSI, myAna se talavAra, ghar3e se zakkara alaga hai, vaise hI vAstava meM jIva zarIra se alaga hai / zarIra ke anusAra jIva kA saMkoca aura vistAra hotA hai / jo jIva Aja hAthI ke virATkAya zarIra meM hotA hai, vahI kunthu ke zarIra meM bhI utpanna ho jAtA hai / magara saMkoca aura vistAra, ina donoM avasthAoM meM jIva kI pradezasaMkhyA samAna hI rahatI hai, nyUnAdhika nahIM hotI / jaise kAla anAdi aura avinAzI hai, vaise jIva bhI tInoM kAloM meM anAdi aura avinAzI hai / jaise AkAza amUrta hai, phira bhI avagAha-guNa se jAnA jAtA hai, vaise hI AtmA hai, aura vaha vijJAnaguNa se jAnA jAtA hai / ' jaise AkAza tInoM kAloM meM akSaya, ananta aura atula hotA hai, vaise hI jIva bhI tInoM kAloM meM avinAzI aura avasthita hai / jaise pRthvI sabhI dravyoM kA AdhAra hai, vaise hI jIva bhI jJAna Adi guNoM kA AdhAra hai / jaise kamala, candana Adi kI sugandha kA rUpa nahIM dIkhatA, phira bhI vaha ghrANa (nAka) ke dvArA grahaNa hotI hai, vaise hI jIva ke nahIM dIkhane para bhI jJAnaguNa ke dvArA usakA grahaNa hotA hai / bherI, mRdaMga Adi ke zabda sune jAte haiM, kintu una zabdoM kA rUpa nahIM dIkhatA, vaise hI jIva bhI nahIM dIkhatA, tathApi jJAna-guNa dvArA usakA grahaNa hotA hai / jaise kisI vyakti ke zarIra meM pizAca praviSTa ho jAne para usakI AkRti aura ceSTAoM dvArA jAna liyA jAtA hai, ki yaha puruSa pizAcagrasta hai, vaise hI zarIra meM rahA huA jIva hAsya, nRtya, sukha-duHkha bola-cAla Adi vividha, ceSTAoM dvArA jAnA jAtA hai / jaise karmakAra kArya karatA hai aura usakA phala bhogatA hai vaise hI jIva svayaM karma karatA hai, aura svayaM usakA phala bhogatA hai / 1 pramANanayatattvAloka, ratnAkarAvatArikA TIkA
Page #445
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ AtmavAda, lokavAda, karmavAda, kriyAvAda | 121 jaise khAyA huA AhAra svataH sapta dhAtu ke rUpa meM pariNata ho jAtA hai, vaise hI jIva dvArA grahaNa kiye hue karmayogya pudgala apane Apa karmarUpa meM pariNata ho jAte haiM / jaise sone aura miTTI kA saMyoga ( sAhacarya) bhI anAdi hai, vaise hI jIva aura karma kA saMyoga bhI anAdi hai / kintu jaise agni Adi ke dvArA sonA miTTI se pRthak hotA hai, vaise hI saMvara, tapasyA Adi upAyoM ke dvArA jIva bhI karmoM se pRthaka ho jAtA hai / jIva jisa prakAra kA AcAra-vicAra aura vyavahAra karatA hai, vaise hI saMskAra usameM par3ate jAte haiM, aura usa saMskAra ko dhAraNa karane vAlA eka sUkSma paudgalika zarIra bhI nirmita hotA jAtA hai, jo dehAntara dhAraNa karate samaya bhI sAtha hI rahatA hai / " loka meM aisA koI sthAna nahIM hai, jahA~ sUkSma yA sthUla zarIra jIvoM IT astitva na ho / ' sampUrNa jIvarAzi meM sahaja yogyatA eka-sI hai. kintu pratyeka jIva kA vikAsa eka samAna nahIM hotA; vaha usake puruSArtha evaM anya nimittoM ke balAbala para nirbhara hai / jIva anekAneka zaktiyoM kA puMja hai / usameM mukhya zaktiyA~ ye haiMjJAnazakti, vIryazakti aura saMkalpazakti / yadyapi jIva amUrta hai, tathApi apane dvArA saMcita mUrta zarIra ke yoga se taba taka mUrta' jaisA bana jAtA hai, jaba taka zarIra kA astitva rahatA hai / jaise murgI aura aNDe kI paramparA meM paurvAparya nahIM hai, vaise hI jIva aura karma kI paramparA meM paurvAparya nahIM hai / donoM anAdi kAla se sAthasAtha haiM / saMkSepa meM, jainadRSTi se - AtmA caitanyasvarUpa, nitya svarUpa ko akSuNNa rakhatA huA bho vibhinna avasthAoM meM pariNata hone vAlA ( pariNAmI ), karttA aura bhoktA, apanI zubhAzubha pravRttiyoM se zubhAzubha karmoM 1 tattvArtha sUtra 2 / 26 2 uttarAdhyayana a. 36 'suhumA savvalogaMmi' 3 uttarAdhyayana 28 / 11 4 bhagavatIsUtra 1 / 288-265
Page #446
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 122 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA kA saMcaya karane aura unakA phala bhogane vAlA, svadehaparimANa, na aNu, na vibhu (sarvavyApaka), kintu madhyama parimANa kA hai / bauddhadarzana meM AtmA kA svarUpa bauddha apane ko anAtmavAdI kahate haiM / ve AtmA ke astitva ko vAstavika nahIM, kAlpanika saMjJA (nAma) mAtra kahate haiM / kSaNa-kSaNa meM utpanna aura vinaSTa hone vAle vijJAna (cetanA) aura rUpa (bhautikatattva - kAyA) ke saMghAta se hI saMsAra vyavahAra cala sakatA hai, inase pare kisI Atmatattva ko mAnane kI AvazyakatA nahIM / isakA kAraNa buddha dvArA yaha batAyA jAtA hai ki yadi maiM kahU~ ki AtmA hai, to loga zAzvatavAdI bana jAte haiM aura yaha kahU~ ki AtmA nahIM hai, to loga ucchedavAdI ho jAte haiM / ataH donoM kA nirAkaraNa karane ke lie maiM mauna rahatA hU~ / avyAkRta kaha detA hU~ / ' buddha ne AtmA kyA hai ? kahA~ se AyA hai ? kahA~ jAegA ? Adi praznoM ko avyAkRta kahakara TAlA hai / Starfe AtmA ko nitya aura vibhu mAnate haiM, tathA icchA, prayatna, sukha, duHkha aura jJAna - ye usake liMga haiM, jinase hama AtmA kA astitva jAnate haiM / sAMkhya AtmA ko kUTastha nitya, niSkriya, amUrttA, cetana, bhogI, sarvavyApaka, akarttA, nirguNa aura sUkSma mAnate haiM / ve AtmA (puruSa) ko karttA nahIM, kevala phalabhoktA mAnate haiM / ve kartRtva zakti prakRti meM mAnate haiM / vedAntI antaHkaraNa se pariveSTita caitanya ko brahma ( AtmA ) kahate haiM / unake matAnusAra svabhAvataH AtmA eka hI hai, vahI dehAdi upAdhiyoM ke kAraNa pratyeka prANI meM sthita hai / 1 astIti zAzvatagrAhI nAstItyucchedadarzanam / tasmAdastitva nAstitve, nAzrIyeta vicakSaNaH // - mAdhyamika kArikA 18/10 2 nyAyasUtra sarvagato'kriyaH / 3 amUrtazcetano bhogI, nityaH akartA nirguNaH sUkSmaH, AtmA kApiladarzane / / 4 eka eva hi bhUtAtmA bhUte bhUte vyavasthitaH / ekadhA bahudhA caiva dRzyate jalacandravat / /
Page #447
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ AtmavAda, lokavAda, karmavAda, kriyAvAda | 123 rAmAnujIya AtmA ko ananta tathA eka-dUsare se sarvathA pRthak mAnate haiM / vaizeSika sukhaduHkhAdi samAnatA kI dRSTi se AtmaikyavAdI aura vyavasthA kI dRSTi' se anekAtmavAdI haiM / upaniSad aura gItA ke anusAra AtmA zarIra se vilakSaNa, mana se bhinna, vibhu, vyApaka aura apariNAmI hai / vaha vANI dvArA agamya hai tathA vistRta rUpa se neti neti kaha kahakara avyakta batAyA hai Adi / saMkSepa meM kaheM to AtmA ke svarUpa ke sambandha meM vibhinna darzanoM kA mUla abhiprAya isa prakAra pratIta hotA hai bauddha - AtmA sthAyI nahIM, cetanA kA pravAhamAtra hai / nyAya-vaizeSika - AtmA sthAyI hai, kintu cetanA usakA sthAyI svarUpa nahIM hai, gAr3hanidrA meM vaha cetanAhIna ho jAtA hai / vaizeSika - mokSa meM AtmA ke guNa naSTa ho jAne se, cetanA bhI naSTa ho jAtI hai / sAMkhya - AtmA sthAyI, anAdi-ananta, avikArI, nitya aura citsvarUpa hai | buddhi acetana hai, prakRti kA vivarta hai / mImAMsaka - AtmA meM avasthAkRta bheda hotA hai, tathApi vaha nitya hai / jaina - AtmA pariNAmI nitya hai, caitanyasvarUpa hai, usakI cetanA kisI bhI avasthA meM sarvathA lupta nahIM hotI / mokSa meM cetanA kI anAvRta avasthA va satata pravRtti hotI haiM, jabaki saMsAra kI AvRtadazA meM cetanA ko pravRtta karanA par3atA hai / jIvatattva ke prakaraNa meM isakA vistRta varNana kiyA gayA hai / upaniSadoM meM AtmA annamaya, prANamaya, manomaya, vijJAnamaya aura Anandamaya kramazaH mAnI gaI hai / ataH AtmavAdI ko AtmA kA astitva mAnane ke sAtha-sAtha AtmA kA jinokta svarUpa spaSTatayA jAnanA aura usa para hArdika zraddhA rakhanA anivArya hai / tabhI usakI AstikatA kI nIMva majabUta ho sakatI hai / O 1 vaizeSika sUtra 3 / 2 / 16 - 20 vyavasthAto nAnA / 2 (ka) IzopaniSad - izAvAsyamidaM sarvaH, (kha) gItA 2 / 15 (ga) taittirIya0 2 / 4 (gha) bRhadAraNyaka0 4 / 5 / 15 sa esa neti neti / (r3a) 'asthUla mana eva hrasvamadIrgha malohita 'mabAhyam / ' - bRhadAraNyaka0 3 / 88
Page #448
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ lokavAda : eka samIkSA jo AtmavAdI hotA hai, vaha loka-paraloka ko arthAt-svarga, naraka tathA tiryaJca aura manuSyaloka ko to mAnatA hI hai, parantu isake atirikta vaha loka kI saMsthiti, loka meM rahe hue dravyoM ke prati apanA dRSTikoNa, apanA dharma, AtmaguNoM vRddhi ke lie loka' kA avalambana lene kI maryAdA, tyAga, tapa ityAdi bAtoM kA bhI gaharAI se bicAra karatA hai| sAtha hI lokavAdI yaha bhI vicAra karatA hai ki naraka, tiryaJca, manuSya yA devaloka meM utpanna hone, janma-maraNa karane ke kyA-kyA kAraNa haiM ? mujhe apane jIvana meM kauna-se kArya karane cAhie, jina se mujhe lokagata gamanAgamana se chuTakArA mile, lokAvalambana na lenA par3e, tathA jisa-jisa loka ke prANiyoM se mujhe sahayoga lenA par3A hai, yA par3atA hai, unake ukta RNa se mukta hone ke lie kyA karanA cAhie ? ityAdi samagra cintana karake lokavAdI tadanurUpa apanA AcAra-vicAra yA vyavahAra karatA hai| isI sandarbha meM loka se sambandhita yathArtha jAnakArI bhI Avazyaka hai ki yaha loka, jo hameM indriyoM se pratyakSa dRSTigocara ho rahA hai, itanA hI hai ? yA isake Upara-nIce bhI kucha hai ? athavA isake Age bhI kucha hai ? loka kI sImA kahA~ se kahA~ taka hai ? usakA Adi-anta hai yA nahIM ? hai to kaba se, kaba taka hai ? yaha loka kisa para vyavasthita hai ? isake mUla meM kyA hai ? isa loka kA koI kartA-dhartA-saMhartA hai yA nahIM ? isakA saMsthApaka-vyavasthApaka koI hai yA nahIM? isakA vikAsa kaise haA? isa loka meM kauna-kauna se mukhya dravya haiM ? ve kyA-kyA kArya karate haiM ? isa loka se bhinna koI dUsarA loka bhI hai yA nahIM ? ityAdi anekoM prazna haiM, jinako yathAvasthita rUpa se jAnanA Avazyaka hai| 1 'dhammassa NaM caramANassa paMcaThANA nissiyA paNNattA, taM jahA---chakAyA, gaNe, rAyA, gAhAvAI, sarIraM |'-dhrmaacrnn karane vAloM ko pAMca vastuoM kA Alambana lenA par3atA hai, ve isa prakAra-SaTakAya, gaNa, rAjA (zAsaka), gRhapati aura shriir| __ -- sthA0 sthAna 5
Page #449
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ lokavAda : eka samIkSA | 125 loka kA yathArtha jJAna AtmA se sambandhita hai, kyoMki lokasthita jIva aura ajIva ke guNa-dharmoM ko jAna lene para hI mumukSa AtmA samyagdarzanajJAna-cAritra kA yathArtha AcaraNa evaM vyavahAra kara sakatA hai| loka kyA hai ? ___Ama janatA meM pracalita 'vizva' yA 'jagat' ke lie jainadarzana meM 'loka' zabda prayukta huA hai| loka kA vyutpattijanaka artha hai-- 'jo avalokana kiyA- dekhA jAtA hai, vaha loka hai|" kintu yaha loka kI bahuta hI sthUla paribhASA hai| zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra ke yuga meM loka ke sambandha meM pUrvokta praznoM para gaharAI se carcA calatI thii| vibhinna darzanoM aura dharmoM ke pravattakoM ne ina praznoM kA samAdhAna vividha rUpa se kiyA hai| Adhunika vijJAna bhI ina tathyoM kI khoja meM satata prayatnazIla hai| tathAgata buddha loka sambandhI ina praznoM ko avyAkRta kahakara TAlane kA prayAsa karate the, parantu bhagavAn mahAvIra ne lokavAda ko AstikatA kI AdhArazilA tathA zrutadharma kA aMga mAnakara loka sambandhI sabhI praznoM kA yathArtha samAdhAna kiyA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra se unake paTTadhara ziSya gaNadhara gautama ne jaba pUchA ki 'bhaMte ! loka kisa prakAra kA hai ?' taba unhoMne vibhinna apekSAoM se loka ke sambandha meM samAdhAna diyA-'gautama ! loka cAra prakAra kA batAyA gayA hai-(1) dravyaloka, (2) kSetraloka, (3) kAlaloka aura (4) bhAvaloka / ' fic 1 je lokkai se loe - 'lokyate-vilokyate pramANena sa loko, lokazabdavAcyo bhavatIti / ' -bhagavatIsUtra mUlavRtti za0 5, a. 6, sU. 225 tathAgata buddha ne 10 praznoM ko avyAkRta kahA- (1) loka zAzvata hai ? (2) aloka azAzvata hai ? (3) loka antavAna hai ? (4) loka ananta hai ? (5) jIva aura zarora eka hai ? (6) jIva aura zarIra bhinna hai ? (7) marane ke bAda tathAgata hote haiM ? (8) marane ke bAda tathAgata nahIM hote ? (8) marane ke bAda tathAgata hote bhI haiM aura nahI bhI hote ? (10) marane ke bAda tathAgata na hote haiM, aura na nahIM hote ? -majjhimanikAya, cUlamAlukyasutta 63 (ka) kativihe NaM bhaMte loe papNatte ? goyamA ! cauvihe loe paNNate taMjahA-davvaloe, khettaloe, kAlaloe, bhaavloe| - bhagavatIsUtra 11 / 10 / 420 (kha) prastUyate'tha prakRtaM svarUpaM lokagocaraM / dravyataH kSetrataH kAlabhAvatastaccaturvidham / / -lokaprakAza 2 / 2 3
Page #450
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 126 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA ise hama catuSpAtmaka vizvasiddhAnta kaha sakate haiM / dravyaloka kyA hai ? kitane prakAra hai ? dravyaloka meM hamArA kyA aura kitanA sthAna evaM dAyitva hai ? isa viSaya meM vistRta carcA hama 'astikAya dharma' ke sandarbha meM kareMge / yahA~ kSetraloka aura kAlaloka ke sambandha meM pratipAdana kareMge / kyoMki loka-sambandhI jitanI bhI carcAe~ vibhinna dArzanikoM, paurANikoM yA dharmapravartakoM dvArA huI haiM, ve prAyaH kSetraloka aura kAlaloka ke sambandha meM huI haiM / kSetraloka aura kAlaloka kSetraloka se tAtparya hai-- loka kitane kSetra yA pradeza ko ghere hue hai ? kahA~ se kahA~ taka lokakSetra kI sImA hai ? yaha loka kisa para TikA huA hai ? kSetraloka ko kisI ne banAyA hai, athavA koI usakA sraSTA, vidhAtA, dhartA hartA hai ? yA yaha svAbhAvika hI hai ? kAlaloka se matalaba hai - isa loka kI kAla sImA kitanI hai ? kaba se kaba taka rahegA ? loka kA Adi hai yA nahIM ? hama vItarAgaprarUpita zAstra kI dRSTi se ina praznoM para kramazaH carcA kareMge | prAyaH sabhI dharmoM aura darzanoM ne loka ke sambandha meM carcA kI haiM / nAstikoM ne kevala isa pratyakSa dRzyamAna loka ko hI mAnA hai, 1 Urdhvaloka aura adholoka ko nahIM / parantu vaidika aura paurANika logoM ne tIna loka mAne haiN| hama jahA~ rahate haiM, vaha madhyaloka hai, usase Upara Urdhvaloka hai aura nIce adholoka hai / dravyaloka kI dRSTi se jainadarzanasammata loka kI do paribhASAe~, milatI haiM - ( 1 ) jahA~ dharmAstikAya Adi chaha dravyoM kI sahasthiti ho, aura (2) jahA~ jIva aura ajIva kI sahasthiti ho / " eka bAta nizcita hai ki loka aloka ke binA ho nahIM sakatA, isalie aloka bhI hai / aloka se hamArA koI lagAva nahIM; kyoMki vaha - cArvAkadarzana 1 'etAvAneva loko'yaM yAvAna indriyagocaraH / ' 2 (ka) dhammo ahammo AgAsaM kAlo puggala jaMtavo / esa logottipannatto jiNehiM varadaM vihiM // (kha) jIvA ceva ajIvA ya, esa loe viyAhie / ajIvadesamAgAse aloge se viyAhie || - uttarA0 28 / 7 uttarA0 36 / 2
Page #451
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ lokavAda : eka samIkSA | 127 sirpha AkAza ho AkAza hai / dharma, adharma, kAla, pudgala aura jIvadravya kA vahA~ abhAva hai| loka-aloka kI sImA _____ loka aura aloka kI sImA nirdhAraNa karane vAle sthira zAzvata aura vyApaka do tattva haiM-dharmAstikAya aura adhrmaastikaay| ye akhaNDa AkAza ko do bhAgoM meM vibhAjita karate haiN| ye donoM jahA~ taka haiM vahA~ taka loka hai, aura jahA~ ina donoM kA abhAva hai, vahA~ aloka hai| dharmAstikAya aura adharmAstikAya ke abhAva meM jIboM aura pudgaloM ko gati aura sthiti meM sahAyatA nahIM miltii| isalie jIva aura pudgala loka meM haiM, aloka meM nhiiN| loka-aloka kA parimANa jainadRSTi se loka sasIma hai aura aloka asIma hai| lokAkAza ke asaMkhyAta pradeza haiM, aura alokAkAza ke ananta prdesh| . loka kI sImA ke sambandha meM vividha dArzanikoM aura paurANikoM ke nizcita evaM yathArtha utara nahIM milte| gItAkAra kahate haiM--'brahmaloka taka loka haiN|' isI prakAra paurANikoM ne bhI loka kI kucha sImAe~ batAI haiN| bhagavatIsUtra meM Aryaskandaka ke dvArA loka kI sImA ke sambandha meM pUche jAne para bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA-loka, dravya kI apekSA se sAnta hai, kyoMki vaha saMkhyA se eka hai| kSetra kI dRSTi se bhI loka sAnta hai, kyoMki sakala AkAza meM se kucha hI bhAga loka hai aura vaha bhI sImita hai, kyoMki dharma-adharma jo gati-sthiti meM sahAyaka haiM, ve lokapramANa hI haiM, Age nhiiN| loka kI paridhi asaMkhya yojana-koDAkoDI kI hai, isalie kSetra loka bhI sAnta hai| kAla kI dRSTi se loka ananta hai, kyoMki aisA koI kAla nahIM, jisameM loka kA astitva na ho| loka pahale thA, vartamAna meM hai, aura bhaviSya meM bhI sadA rhegaa| isalie kAlaloka bhI ananta hai| isI prakAra bhAva arthAt-paryAyoM kI dRSTi se loka ananta hai, kyoMki lokadravya kI paryAyeM--loka meM varNa, gandha, rasa aura sparza kI paryAya ananta haiM tathA bAdara skandhoM kI gurulaghuparyAyeM, sUkSma skandhoM aura amUtta dravyoM kI agurulaghu paryAyeM bhI ananta haiM / isalie bhAva-loka bhI ananta hai|' 1 Abrahma bhuvanAllokAH / - bhagavadgItA a. 8, zlo. 16 2 bhagavatIsUtra 2 / 1 / 60
Page #452
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 128 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA mahAn vaijJAnika alabarTa AinsTIna ne bhI kSetra- loka kI sImA isI se milatI-julatI mAnI hai - "loka parimita hai / loka ke pare aloka aparimita hai / loka ke parimita hone kA kAraNa yaha hai ki dravya athavA zakti loka ke bAhara jA nahIM sktii| loka ke bAhara usa zakti kA abhAva hai, jo gati meM sahAyaka hotI hai / " loka kA saMsthAna (AkAra) loka kA AkAra supratiSThaka - - saMsthAna batAyA hai / arthAt -- vaha nIce vistRta, madhya meM saMkIrNa aura Upara mRdaMgAkAra hai / tIna zarAvoM (sakoroM) meM se eka zarAva auMdhA rakhA jAe, dUsarA sIdhA aura tIsarA usI ke Upara auMdhA rakhA jAe to jo AkRti banatI hai, vahI AkRti (trizarAva sampuTAkRti) loka kI hai / aloka kA AkAra madhya meM pola vAle gole ke jaisA hai / ' aloka kA koI bhI vibhAga nahIM hai, vaha ekAkAra hai / lokAkAza tIna bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai-- Urdhvaloka, madhyaloka aura adholoka / tInoM lokoM kI kula lambAI 94 rajjU hai; jisameM se sAta rajjU se kucha kama Urdhvaloka hai, madhyaloka 1800 yojanaparimANa hai, aura adholoka sAta rajjU se kucha adhika hai / loka ko ina tIna vibhAgoM meM vibhakta kara dene ke kAraNa una tInoM kI pRthak-pRthak AkRtiyA~ banatI haiN| dharmAstikAya aura adharmAstikAya kahIM para phaile hue aura kahIM saMkucita haiM / Urdhvaloka meM dharma-adharmAstikAya vistRta ho cale gae haiM / isa kAraNa Urdhvaloka kA AkAra mRdaMga-sadRza hai; aura madhyaloka meM ve kRza haiM, isalie usakA AkAra, binA kinArI vAlI jhAlara ke samAna hai / nIce kI ora phira ve vistRta hote cale gae haiM / isalie adholoka kA AkAra auMdhe zarAva ke jaisA banatA hai / yaha lokAkAza kI U~cAI huI / usakI moTAI sAta rajjU kI hai / loka kitanA bar3A hai ? loka kI moTAI bhagavAn mahAvIra ne eka rUpaka dvArA samajhAI hai 1 kiM saMThie NaM bhaMte loe paNNattaM ? goyamA ! supaiTThagasaMThie loe paNNatte taMjahATThAvicchinna, uppimajjhe saMkkhivisAle, ahe paliyaMkasaMThie majjhe varavari viggahite, uppi uddhamuiMgAkAra saMThie / ...... - bhagavatI0 7 / 1 / 260 2 bhagavatIsUtra 11 / 10 3 bhagavatIsUtra 11 / 1
Page #453
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ lokavAda : eka samIkSA | 126 mAna lo, eka deva meruparvata kI cUlikA para khar3A hai; jo eka lAkha yojana kI U~cAI para hai / nIce cAroM dizAoM meM cAra dikkumAriyA~ hAtha meM afaforDa lie khar3I haiM / ve bahirmukhI hokara eka sAtha usa balipiNDa ko pheMkatI haiN| deva una cAroM balipiNDoM ko pRthvI para girane se pUrva hI hAtha se pakar3a letA hai, aura tatkAla daur3atA hai / aisI divya zIghragati se loka kA anta pAne ke lie 6 deva pUrva, pazcima, uttara, dakSiNa, U~cI aura nIcI ina chahoM dizAoM meM cale / ThIka isI samaya eka zreSThI ke ghara meM eka hajAra varSa kI Ayu vAlA putra paidA huA / usakI Ayu samApta huI / usake pazcAt hajAra varSa kI Ayu vAle usake beTe pote hue / isa prakAra kI paramparA se sAta pIr3hiyA~ samApta ho gaI haiM / unake nAma gotra bhI miTa gae / tathApi ve deva taba taka calate rahe phira bhI loka kA anta na pA sake / yaha ThIka hai ki una zIghragAmI devoM ne loka kA adhika bhAga taya kara liyA, parantu jo bhAga zeSa rahA, vaha asaMkhyAtavA~ bhAga hai / isase yaha samajhA jA sakatA hai ki loka kA Ayatana kitanA bar3A hai / ' prasiddha vaijJAnika AinsTIna ne loka kA vyAsa eka karor3a assI lAkha prakAza varSa mAnA hai / " loka ke Ayatana ko pUrvokta rUpaka dvArA samajhane ke pazcAt bhI gautama svAmI kI jijJAsA pUrNa rUpa se zAnta na huI / 'bhante ! yaha loka kitanA bar3A hai ?' gautama svAmI ke isa prazna ke uttara meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA - ' gautama ! yaha loka bahuta bar3A hai / yaha pUrva, pazcima, uttara aura dakSiNa tathA Urdhva aura adho dizAoM meM asaMkhyAta yojana koTAkoTI lambA caur3A hai| Urdhvaloka-paricaya madhyaloka se 600 yojana Upara kA bhAga Urdhvaloka kahalAtA hai / usameM devoM kA nivAsa hai / isalie use devaloka yA svargaloka kahate haiM / 1 bhagavatIsUtra 12 / 10 / 421 vRtti. 2 eka prakAzavarSa usa dUrI ko kahate haiM, jo prakAza kI kiraNa 186000 mIla prati saikaNDa ke hisAba se calakara eka varSa meM taya karatI hai / -saMpAdaka 3 ke mahAlae NaM bhaMte ! loe paNNatte ? goyamA ! mahati mahAlae loe paNNatte, puratthimeNaM asaMkhejjAo joyaNa koDAkoDIo, dAhiNeNaM asaMkhijjAo evaM paccatthimeNa vi evaM uttareNa vi evaM uDDhapi, ahe asaMkhejjAo joyaNa koDa koDIo AyAmavikhaMbheNaM / - bhagavatIsUtra, 127457
Page #454
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 130 | jaima tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA deva cAra prakAra ke hote haiM- bhavanapati, vANavyantara, jyotiSka aura vaimAnika | isa Urdhvaloka meM kalpopapanna aura kalpAtIta, yoM do prakAra ke vaimAnikadeva hI rahate haiN| jina devalokoM meM indra, sAmAnika Adi pada hote haiM ve kalpa ke nAma se prasiddha haiM / kalpoM (bAraha devalokoM) meM utpanna deva kalpopapanna kahalAte haiM, aura kalpoM (bAraha devalokoM) se Upara ke (nau graiveyaka aura pA~ca anuttara vimAnavartI) deva kalpAtIta kahalAte haiM / kalpAtIta devoM meM kisI prakAra kI asamAnatA nahIM hotI / ve sabhI indravat hone se ahamindra kahalAte haiM / kisI kAraNavaza manuSyaloka meM Ane kA prasaMga upasthita hone para kalpopapanna deva hI Ate haiM, kalpAtIta nahIM / antima devaloka kA nAma sarvArthasiddha hai / isase bAraha yojana Upara siddhazilA hai; jo 45 lAkha yojana lambI aura itanI hI caur3I hai / isakI paridhi kucha adhika tIna gunI hai / madhyabhAga isakI moTAI ATha yojana hai, jo kramazaH kinAroM kI ora patalI hotI huI anta meM makkhI kI pAMkha se bhI adhika patalI ho gaI hai| isakA AkAra khole hue chatra ke samAna hai| zaMkha, aMkaratna aura kundapuSpa ke samAna svabhAvataH zveta, nirmala, kalyANakara evaM svarNamayI hone se ise 'sItA' bhI kahate haiM / 'ISat prAgbhArA' nAma se bhI yaha prasiddha hai / isase eka yojana pramANa Upara vAle kSetra ko 'lokAntabhAga' bhI kahate haiM / uttarAdhyayana meM isa lokAnta ko 'lokAgra' bhI kahA hai; kyoMki vaha loka kA anta yA sirA hai, isake pazcAt loka kI sImA samApta ho jAtI hai / isa yojana pramANa lokAnta bhAga ke UparI kosa ke chaThe bhAga meM mukta (siddha) AtmAoM kA nivAsa hai / madhyaloka kA paricaya madhyaloka ko tiryakloka yA manuSyaloka bhI kahA hai / yaha 1800 yojana pramANa hai / isa loka ke madhya meM jaMbUdvIpa hai aura use ghere hue asaMkhyAta dvIpa- samudra haiM / ye sabhI paraspara eka dUsare ko valaya (cUr3I) ke AkAra meM ghere hue haiM / inameM prAyaH pazuoM aura vANavyantara devoM ke sthAna haiM / itane vizAla kSetra meM kevala aDhAI dvIpoM meM hI manuSyoM kA nivAsa hai / manuSyoM ke sAtha-sAtha tiryaJcoM kA bhI isameM nivAsa hai / aDhAI dvIpa ko 'samayakSetra' bhI uttarAdhyayana, 36 / 56 se 62 taka 2 uttarAdhyayana 36 / 50, 54 3 ' prAGa, mAnuSottarAnmanuSyAH ' -- tattvArtha0 3 / 35
Page #455
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ lokavAda : eka samIkSA | 131 kahate haiM / '' ina aDhAI dvIpoM kI racanA eka sarIkhI hai / antara kevala itanA hI hai ki inakA kSetra kramazaH dugunA dugunA hotA gayA hai / puSkaradvIpa se madhya meM mAnuSottara parvata A jAne se manuSyakSetra meM AdhA puSkaradvIpa hI ginA gayA hai / jambUdvIpa meM sAta mukhya kSetra haiM- bharata, haimavata, hari, videha, ramyaka, hairaNyavata aura airAvata | videha kSetra meM do anya pramukha bhAga haiM - devakuru aura uttarakuru / dhAtakIkhaNDa aura puSkarArdhadvIpa meM ina sabhI kSetroM kI dugunIdugunI saMkhyA hai| ye sabhI kSetra tIna bhAgoM meM vibhakta haiM- karmabhUmi, akarmabhUmi aura antaradvIpa / karmabhUmi kSetra ve haiM, jahA~ mAnava kRSi, vANijya, zilpakalA Adi hi ( puruSArtha) ke dvArA jIvana yApana karate haiM / karmabhUmika kSetra meM sarvotkRSTa puNyAtmA aura nimnAtinimna pApAtmA donoM prakAra ke manuSya pAe jAte haiM / 1 karmabhUmi kSetra 15 haiM - 5 bharata haiM, jinameM se jambUdvIpa meM eka, dhAtakIkhaNDa meM do aura puSkarArddha' - dvIpa meM do haiM / isI taraha 5 airAvata haiMjambUdvIpa meM eka, dhAtakIkhaNDa meM do aura puSkarArddhadvIpa meM do; tathA mahAvideha bhI pA~ca haiM - eka jambUdvIpa meM, do dhAtakIkhaNDa meM aura do puSkarAddha - dvIpa meM haiM / yo aDhAI dvIpoM meM karmabhUmi ke saba kSetra pandraha haiM / akarmabhUmika kSetra ve haiM, jahA~ kRSi Adi karma kiye binA, anAyAsa hI bhogopabhoga kI sAmagrI mila jAtI hai; jIvananirvAha ke lie koI puruSArtha nahIM karanA par3atA / yahA~ bhogoM - bhogyasAmagrI kI pracuratA hone se yaha bhogabhUmi bhI kahalAtI hai / jambUdvIpa meM eka haimavata, eka harivarSa, eka ramyakavarSa eka hairaNyavata, eka devakuru aura eka uttarakuru, yoM chaha bhogabhUmika kSetra haiM / dhAtakIkhaNDa aura puSkarAddha dvIpa meM inake pratyeka ke do-do kSetra hone se donoM dvIpoM meM bAraha-bAraha kSetra haiM / yo saba milAkara karmabhUmi ke 30 kSetra hote haiM / 1 antaradvIpa - karmabhUmi aura akarmabhUmi ke atirikta jo samudra ke madhyavartI dvopa baca jAte haiM, ve antaradvIpa kahalAte haiN| jambUdvIpa ke cAroM 1 uttarAdhyayana 36 / 7 2 bharata haimavata harivideha ra myaka hai ranyavataM rAvata varSAH kSetrANi / - tattvArtha sUtra 3 / 10 3 uttarAdhyayana 36 / 195-196
Page #456
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 132 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA ora vistRta lavaNasamudra meM himavAn parvata kI dAr3hAoM para aTThAisa antaradvIpa hai; jo sAta catuSkoM meM vidyamAna haiM / inake nAma kramaza: isa prakAra haiM prathama catuSka - ekoruka, AbhASika, lAMgUlika, vaimANika / dvitIya catuSka-- hayakarNa, gajakarNa, gokarNa aura zaSkulIkarNa / tRtIya catuSka - Adarzamukha, meSamukha, hayamukha aura gajamukha / caturtha catuSka - azvamukha, hastimukha, siMhamukha aura vyAghramukha | paMcama catuSka - azvakarNa, siMhakarNa, gajakarNa aura karNaprAvaraNa | SaSTha catuSka - ulkAmukha vidyanmukha, jihvAmukha aura meghamukha / saptama catuSka - ghanadanta, gUr3hadanta, zreSThadanta aura zuddhadanta / isI prakAra zikharIparvata kI dAr3hAoM para bhI inhIM nAma ke 28 antaradvIpa haiM / yo saba milAkara 56 antaradvIpa hote haiM / ina antaradvIpoM meM manuSyoM navAsa hai / Adhunika vijJAna ne jitane bhUkhaNDa kA anveSaNa kiyA hai, vaha to kevala karmabhUmi ke jambUdvIpasthita bharatakSetra kA choTA-sA hI bhAga hai / madhyaloka to akarmabhUmika aura antaradvIpa ke kSetroM ko milAne para bahuta hI vizAla hai, phira bhI Urdhvaloka aura adholoka kI apekSA isakA kSetraphala atyalpa hI mAnA jAyagA jyotiSka devaloka - madhyalokavartI jambUdvIpa ke sudarzanameru ke samIpa kI samatala bhUmi se 760 yojana Upara tArAmaNDala hai, jahA~ AdhA kosa lambecaur3e aura pAva kosa U~ce tArA vimAna haiM / tArAmaNDala se 10 yojana para Upara eka yojana ke 61 bhAga meM se 48 bhAga lambA-caur3A aura 24 bhAga U~cA, aMkaratnamaya sUryadeva kA vimAna hai / sUryadeva ke vimAna se 80 yojana Upara eka yojana ke 61 bhAga meM se 56 bhAga lambA-caur3A aura 28 bhAga U~cA, sphaTikaratnamaya candramA kA vimAna hai / candravimAna se 4 yojana Upara nakSatra mAlA hai / inake ratnamaya paMcaraMge vimAna eka- eka kosa ke lambe-caur3e aura Adhe kosa ke U~ce haiM / nakSatramAlA se 4 yojana Upara grahamAlA hai / grahoM ke vimAna paMcavarNI ratnamaya haiM / ye do kosa lambe-caur3e aura eka kosa U~ce haiM /
Page #457
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ lokavAda - eka samIkSA | 133 grahamAlA se cAra yojana kI U~cAI para haritaratnamaya budha kA tArA hai| isase tIna yojana Upara sphaTikaratnamaya zukra kA tArA hai| isase tIna yojana Upara pItaratnamaya bahaspati kA tArA hai| isase tIna yojana Upara raktaratnamaya maMgala kA tArA hai| isase tIna yojana Upara jAmbUnadamaya zani kA tArA hai| ___ isa prakAra sampUrNa jyotizcakra madhyaloka meM hI hai, aura samatala bhUmi se 760 yojana kI U~cAI se Arambha hokara 600 yojana taka arthAt 110 yojana meM sthita hai| jyotiSka devoM ke vimAna jambUdvIpa ke meru parvata se 1121 yojana dUra cAroM ora ghUmate rahate haiN| adholoka paricaya ___ madhya loka se noce kA pradeza adholoka kahalAtA hai| isameM sAta naraka pathviyA~ haiM jo ratnaprabhA Adi sAta nAmoM se vizruta hai| inameM nAraka jIva rahate haiN| ina sAtoM bhUmiyoM ko lambAI-caur3AI eka-sI nahIM hai / nIce-nIce kI bhUmiyA~ Upara-Upara ko bhUmiyoM se uttarottara adhika lambI-caur3I haiN| ye bhUmiyA~ eka dUsaro ke nIce haiM, kintu paraspara saTI huI nahIM haiM / bIca-bIca meM antarAla (khAlI jagaha) hai| isa antarAla meM ghanIdadhi, ghanavAta aura AkAza hai| adholoka ko sAta bhUmiyoM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM-ratnaprabhA, zarkarAprabhA, bAlukAprabhA, paMkaprabhA, dhUmaprabhA, tamaHprabhA aura tmstmHprbhaa| inake nAma ke sAtha jo prabhA zabda jur3A huA hai, vaha inake raMga ko abhivyakta karatA hai|' sAta naraka pRthviyoM kI moTAI isa prakAra hai ratnaprabhApRthvI ke tIna kANDa haiM--pahalA ratnabahula kharakANDa hai, jisakI Upara se nIce taka kI moTAI 16000 yojana hai| usake nIce dUsarA kANDa paMkabahala hai, jisako moTAI 80000 yojana hai aura usake nIce tRtIya kANDa jalabahula hai, jisakI moTAI 84000 yojana hai| isa prakAra tonoM kANDoM ko kula milAkara moTAI 1,80000 yojana hai| ___isameM se Upara aura nIce eka-eka hajAra yojana chor3akara bIca meM 178000 yojana kA antarAla hai, jisameM 13 pAthar3e, aura 12 antara haiN| boca ke 10 antaroM meM asurakumAra Adi isa prakAra ke bhavanapatideva rahate haiN| pratyeka pAthar3e ke madhya meM eka hajAra yojana ko polAra hai, jisameM tIsa 1 ratnazakarA-bAlukApaMkadhUmatamomahAtamaHprabhAbhUmayo saptA'dho'dhaH pRthutarAH / tAsu narakA / ghanAmbuvAtAkAzapratiSThAH -tattvArtha0 a03, sU0 1-2
Page #458
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 134 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA lAkha nArakAvAsa haiM / dUsarI naraka pRthvI kI moTAI 1,32000 yojana hai / tIsarI narakapRthvI kI moTAI 1,28000 yojana hai| caturtha narakabhUmi kI moTAI 1,20000 yojana hai| pAMcavIM naraka bhUmi kI moTAI 1,18000 yojana hai, chaThI narakabhUmi kI moTAI 1,16000 yojana hai aura sAtavIM narakapRthvI kI moTAI 1,08000 yojana hai| sAtoM narakoM ke nIce jo ghanodadhi hai, usakI moTAI bhI vibhinna pramANoM meM hai|' ratnaprabhA Adi kI jitanI-jitanI moTAI batAI gaI hai, usa-usa ke Upara aura nIce ke eka-eka hajAra yojana chor3akara zeSa bhAga meM nArakAvAsa haiN| _ina sAtoM narakabhUmiyoM meM rahane vAle jIva nAraka kahalAte haiN| jyoMjyoM nIce kI narakaMbhUmiyoM meM jAte haiM, tyoM-tyoM nAraka jIvoM meM kurUpatA, bhayaMkaratA, beDaulapana Adi vikAra bar3hate jAte haiN| narakabhUmiyoM meM tIna prakAra kI vedanAe~ pradhAnarUpa se nArakoM ko hotI haiM--(1) paramAdhArmika asuroM (narakapAloM) dvArA dI jAne vAlI vedanAe~, (2) kSetrakRta-arthAt--naraka kI bhUmiyA~ atyanta khUna aura rassI se lathapatha kIcar3a vAlI atyanta ThaNDI yA atyanta garma hotI hai, ityAdi kAraNoM se hone vAlI vedanAe~ / (3) nArakI jIvoM dvArA paraspara eka dUsare ko pahu~cAI jAne vAlI vednaaeN| paramAdhArmika asura (deva) tIsare naraka taka hI jAte haiN| unakA svabhAva atyanta krUra hotA hai / ve sadaiva pApakarma meM rata rahate haiM, dUsaroM ko kaSTa dene meM unheM AnandAnubhava hotA hai| nArakoM ko ve atyanta kaSTa dete haiN| ve unheM garmAgarma zIzA pilAte haiM, gAr3iyoM meM jotate haiM, atibhAra lAdate haiM, garma lohastambha kA sparza karavAte haiM aura kAMTedAra jhAr3iyoM para car3hane-utarane ko bAdhya karate haiN| . ____ Age kI cAra narakabhUmiyoM meM do hI prakAra kI vedanAe~ hotI haiN| parantu pahalI se sAtavIM narakabhUmi taka uttarottara adhikAdhika vedanA hotI hai| ve mana hI mana saMkleza pAte rahate haiN| eka dUsare ko dekhate ho unameM krodhAgni bhar3aka uThatI hai| pUrvajIvana ke vaira kA smaraNa karake eka dUsare para karatApUrvaka jhapaTa par3ate haiN| ve apane hI dvArA banAye hue zastrAstroM, yA 1 sarvArthasiddhi 3 / 1 2 nityAzubhataralezyApariNAmadeha vedanA vikriyAH / parasparodIritaduHkhaH / saMkliSTAsurodIritaduHkhAzca prAk caturthyAH / -tattvArtha 0 3 / 3-4-5
Page #459
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ lokavAda : eka samIkSA | 135 hAtha-pairoM, dAMtA Adi se eka dUsare ko kSata-vikSata kara DAlate haiM / unakA zarIra vaikriya hotA hai / vaha pAre ke samAna pUrvavat jur3a jAtA hai / nArakoM kI akAla mRtyu nahIM hotI / jisakA jitanA AyuSya hai, use pUrA karake hI ve isa zarIra se chuTakArA pA sakate haiM / saMkSepa meM isa prakAra kI kSetraloka kI dRSTi se tInoM lokoM kI racanA hai / alokAkAza- isa loka kI sImA ke cAroM ora asIma alokA kAlaloka kAza hai / vizva : kAla kI dRSTi se yaha pahale batAyA jA cukA hai vizva (loka) dravyArthikanaya kI dRSTi se zAzvata hai, kintu paryAyArthikanaya kI dRSTi se yaha parivartanazIla hone ke kAraNa azAzvata bhI hai / kyoMki vizva SaDdravyAtmaka mAnA gayA hai, SaDdravyoM meM hone vAle pariNamana se vizva ko azAzvata bhI mAnanA cAhie / isI kAraNa yaha pariNAmI nitya mAnA gayA hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki vizva SaDdravyoM kA samUhamAtra hai / ataH vizva kI zAzvatatA- azAzvatatA ko samajhane ke lie SaDdravyoM kI zAzvatatAazAzvatatA kA vizleSaNa samajhanA Avazyaka hai| chahoM hI dravya kaba, kaise kisase astitva meM Ae ? ina praznoM kA samAdhAna 'anAdi' astitva ke mAnane se hI ho sakatA hai / jo dArzanika dravyoM ko 'sAdi' mAnate haiM, unake lie ye (pUrvokta praznAtmaka ) samasyAe~ banI rahatI haiM / kintu jo dravyoM ke astitva ko anAdi mAnate haiM, unake lie ye prazna uThate hI nahIM / phira dravyoM ke astitva ko sAdi mAnane para asat se sat kI utpatti mAnanI par3atI hai, jo kAryakAraNavAda' ke sAtha saMgata nahIM hotI, kyoMki upAdAnakAraNa yadi asat hotA hai to kArya sat nahIM ho sakatA / isIlie upAdAna ko maryAdA ko svIkAra karane vAle asat se sat kI utpatti nahIM mAnate / ataH dravyoM kA astitva anAdi siddha ho jAtA hai / " yadyapi SadravyoM meM se dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla, ina cAra dravyoM meM svAbhAvika pariNamana hotA rahatA hai / isa pariNamana ke kAraNa hI ye dravya zAzvatakAla taka apane astitva ko banAe rakhate haiM / ataH pariNAmI 1 jainadarzana ke maulika tattva a0 1, pR0 418 2 vahI bhAga 2, pR0 81
Page #460
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 136 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA nityatvavAda ina dravyoM ke astitva ko anAdi ananta siddha kara detA hai| jaba chahoM dravya astitva kI dRSTi se anAdi-ananta siddha ho jAte haiM to vizva kI zAzvatatA svataH siddha ho jAtI hai| ' yahI kAraNa hai ki sthAnAMgasUtra meM paMcAstikAya ko dhra va, nitya, zAzvata, akSaya, avasthita aura nitya batAkara samagra loka ko bhI svataH dhrava, nitya, zAzvata, akSaya, avasthita aura nitya batAyA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM, yaha vizva bhUtakAla meM vidyamAna thA, vartamAnakAla meM vidyamAna hai, aura bhaviSya meM bhI vidyamAna rhegaa| vaha na to kabhI banAyA gayA, na kabhI vinAza ko prApta hogaa| ataH kAla kI dRSTi se loka Adirahita aura antarahita hai| jaba bhagavAn mahAvIra se unake vinIta ziSya rohagupta dvArA pUchA gayA-"bhagavan ! pahale loka haA aura phira aloka haA ? athavA pahale aloka huA aura phira loka haA ?" taba bhagavAna ne samAdhAna kiyA"roha ! loka aura aloka ye donoM pahale se haiM aura pIche bhI rheNge| anAdikAla se haiM, aura anantakAla taka rheNge| donoM zAzvatabhAva haiM, anAnupUrvI haiN| inameM paurvAparya (pahale-pIche kA) kama nahIM hai / vizva kisI ke dvArA nirmita yA anirmita prAcInakAla meM vaidika yuga bhArata meM manuSyoM kA eka varga agni, vAyu, jala, AkAza, vidya ta, dizA Adi zaktizAlI prAkRtika tattvoM kA upAsaka thaa| vaha prakRti ko hI 'deva' mAnatA thaa| usa varga kA kathana thA ki yaha vizva deva dvArA bIja kI taraha boyA gayA (kisI strI meM vIrya DAlA gayA); athavA deva dvArA rakSita yA kRta vizva hai aura usase manuSya yA dUsare prANI Adi hue, isake pramANa chAndogyopaniSad Adi meM milate haiN| koI prajApati brahmA dvArA vizva kI racanA mAnate haiN| isake pramANa bhI upaniSadoM meM milate haiN| 1 (ka) sthAnAMgasUtra 5-3-441, (kha) lokaprakAza 2-3 (ga) kAlao, dhuve, Nitie, sAsae, akkhae, avvae, avvaTThie, nnicce| -sthAnAMga 5 / 3 / 441 2 (ka) bhagavatIsUtra 16, 12 / 7, 7 / 1, 2 / 1 (kha) sa ca anAdi-nidhanaH na kenA'pi puruSa vizeSeNakRto, na hto"| -bRhadravyasaMgraha vRtti, gA0 20, pR0 51 3 (ka) sUtrakRtAMgasUtra zru0 1, a0 1, u0 3, gA0 64-66 (kramaza:)
Page #461
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ lokavAda : eka samIkSA | 137 vaidika purANoM meM brahmA dvArA sRSTi racanA kA rocaka varNana bhI hai| koI svayambhU yA viSNu ko jagat kA racayitA mAnate haiN| usa yuga meM Izvara kartRtvavAdI mukhyatayA tIna dArzanika the-vedAntI, naiyAyika aura vaishessik| vedAntI Izvara (brahma) ko jagat kA upAdAna kAraNa evaM nimitta kAraNa mAnate haiM / bahadAraNyaka aura taittirIyopaniSad meM isake pramANa milate haiN| brahmasUtra meM sRSTi kI utpatti, sthiti aura pralaya Izvara se hI mAnA gayA hai| naiyAyika isa carAcara saSTi kA nirmANakartA aura saMhArakartA mahezvara ko mAnate haiN| vaizeSika bhI lagabhaga isI prakAra Izvara ko jagatkartA sarvavyApaka, sarvajJa, nitya, svAdhIna aura sarvazaktimAna mAnate haiN|' sAMkhyamatavAdI pradhAna (prakRti) ko jagat kA kartA mAnate haiM / kaI loga jagat kI mAyA, yamarAja dvArA racita mAnate haiN| (kha) chAndogyopaniSad, khaNDa 12 se 18, a0 5 (ga) aitareyopaniSad, prathama khaNDa (gha) hiraNyagarbhaH samavartatA'gre, sa aikSata,"tattejA'sRjata / -chAndogya, khaNDa 2, zloka 3 (Ga) OM brahmA devAnAM prathamaH sambabhUva vizvasya kartA, bhuvanasya goptA / -muNDaka 0 khaNDa 1, zloka 1 (ca) so'kAmayata bahusyAM prajAyeya "sarvamasRjataH -taittirIya0 anuvAk 6 (cha) prajAkAmo vai prajApatiH""prajAH kariSye / / -praznopaniSad prazna 1, zloka 46 (ja) sa vai naiva reme, tasmAdekAmI""tataH sRSTirabhavat / -bRhadANyaka brA. 4, sU. 3-4 1 (ka) AsIdidaM tamobhUtaM..."milA punaH srvbiijaanaam| -vaidikapurANa (kha) sUtrakRtAMga zIlAMka vatti, patrAMka 42, (ga) brahma vA idamagra AsIdekameva......"tadetadbrahma kSatriya-viT-zUdraH / -bRhadA0 a0 1 brA0 4 (gha) yatovA imAni bhUtAni jAyante, yena jAtAni jIvanti, yatprayantyabhisaMvizanti tad vijijJAsasva tad brahma iti / -taittirIya0 3, bhRguvallI (Ga) dve vA va brahmaNo rUpe mUrtaM caiva amUrtaM ca -bRhadA0 3 / 2, brA0 3 / 1 (ca) janmAdyasya yataH --brahmasUtra 1 / 1 / 1
Page #462
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 138 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA prAcIna kAla meM eka mata aNDe se jagat kI utpatti mAnatA thaa| usakI mAnyatAnusAra jagat kI utpatti kI prakriyA bahuta hI vicitra hai|' ye saba jagat kartRtvavAdI apane-apane mata ko siddha karane ke lie vibhinna tarka prastuta karate haiN| unake mukhya-mukhya tarka ye haiM (1) pratyeka kArya kA koI na koI kartA avazya hotA hai / isa vizAla vizva rUpa kArya kA bhI koI na koI kartA avazya honA cAhie / yaha vicitra jagata kisI na kisI kuzala, sarvazaktimAna, buddhimAna kartA dvArA racita honA caahie| vaha kuzala, zaktimAna, buddhimAna jagatkartA deva, brahmA, svayambhU, viSNu, mahezvara, Izvara yA prakRti Adi avazya hai| (2) ye vizAla bhUkhaNDa, kisake kuzala evaM sazakta hAthoM kI kRti hai ? ye uttaga zikhara vAle parvata kisake dvArA racita haiM ? yaha AkAza kisake kauzala kA paricaya de rahA hai ? ye asaMkhya tAre, nakSatra Adi kisake katatva se sampanna haiM ? isa camakate hue sUrya aura zAnti barasAte hue candra kA nirmAtA kauna hai ? ye utta ga taraMgoM se uchalate-garajate hae samudra kisakI kRti haiM ? prakRti ke kaNa-kaNa ke bhAgya vidhAtA manuSya kA sraSTA kauna hai ? kisane ina sabakA vyavasthita Ayojana kiyA hai ? kauna ina sabako dhAraNa kiye ina saba praznoM kA samAdhAna jainadarzana ne diyA hai ki jagat kA banAne vAlA brahmA Adi koI bhI kartA dRSTigocara nahIM hai / niraMjana-nirAkAra amUrta Izvara to jagat jaise mUrta padArtha ko nahIM banA sakatA / yadi kaheM ki Izvara ne jagat kI sthiti bigar3atI dekhakara dayA karake jagat meM avatAra liyA aura sRSTi kI racanA kii| parantu yaha bAta bhI nyAyasaMgata nahIM lagatI, kyoMki prazna hotA hai yadi Izvara ne jagat ko banAyA hai to kisa upAdAna sAmagrI se banAyA ? koI bhI kumhAra miTTI ke binA ghar3A nahIM banA sakatA / yadi kaheM ki Izvara ne apane Apa se hI jagat kI racanA kI hai, vaha svayaM hI nAraka, tiryaJca, manuSya, deva yA parvata, bhUkhaNDa, samudra Adi 1 manusmRti a0 1 2 kartAsti kazcid jagat: sacaikaH sa sarvagaH sa svavazaH sa nitya / -syAdvAdamaMjarI ___ kAryAyojanadhRtyAde -nyAyasiddhAntamuktAvalI tattvadIpikA 3 yadA yadA hi dharmasya glAnirbhavati bhArata ? -gItA 47
Page #463
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ lokavAda : eka samIkSA | 136 rUpa vizva huA hai, taba prazna hotA hai use Izvara rUpa chor3akara jagat rUpa dhAraNa karake janma-maraNa ke prapaMca meM saMsAra ke kIcar3a meM par3ane kI kyoM AvazyakatA pdd'ii| rAgadvaSamukta Izvara ko punaH rAgadveSayukta bananA, jagat ko viSama banAnA, cora, DAkU, hatyAre Adi paidA karake jagat ko pApiyoM se bharanA, sarvazaktimAna hote hue bhI corI, jArI, lUTapATa, bhraSTAcAra ityAdi na roka sakanA ye saba AkSepa Izvara para Ate haiN| inhIM saba dRSTiyoM se bhagavadgItAkAra ne spaSTa kaha diyA na kartRtvaM na karmANi lokasya sRjati prabhuH / na karmaphalasaMyoga svabhAvastu pravartate // arthAt-Izvara yA koI bhI zakti loka kI racanA nahIM karatA, aura na hI kisI ke karmoM kA sRjana karatA hai| tathA (jagata ke jIvoM ko) karmaphala kA saMyoga bhI Izvara nahIM kraataa| yaha loka to svabhAvataH pravRtta ho (cala) rahA hai| jainadarzana ne to pahale se hI spaSTa kaha diyA-yaha vizva kisI bhI sarvazaktimAn Izvara ke dvArA racita nahIM hai| yaha anAdi kAla se svayaM svabhAva se hI isI rUpa meM A rahA hai| pudgalAdi dravyoM kA pariNamana svataH hotA rahatA hai / jIvoM ko apane-apane karmAnusAra svayaM phala milatA hai, jo unheM bhoganA hI par3atA hai| agara Izvara ko jagat (jagadvartI jIva-ajIva) kA kartA mAnA jAegA to jIvoM kA svayaM katRtva nahIM rhegaa| zubhAzubha karma bhI Izvara hI karAegA, karmoM se mukti bhI Izvara hI dilAegA, aura una karmoM kA phala bhI . Izvara hI bhogvaaegaa| phira kyA jarUrata hai kisI ko mahAvrata-aNavata Adi pAlana karane kI ? tapa-japa karane kI bhI kyA AvazyakatA hai ? Izvara ko prasanna kara dene se hI vaha ber3A pAra kara degaa| jainadarzana Izvara ko mAnatA avazya hai lekina use jagat kA kartAdhartA-saMha" mAnane ko vaha kataI taiyAra nhiiN| dUsare zabdoM meM, jainadarzana akatRtvavAdI hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki yadi Izvara ko vizva kA kartA-dhartA mAnA jAegA to sarvaprathama ye jvalanta prazna khar3e hoMge ki Izvara ne vizva ko kyoM kaba, kisalie banAyA ? ye prazna itane dUragAmI haiM ki ina praznoM meM se pratiprazna, anavasthA, upAdAnahAni Adi kaI doSa utpanna hoNge| 1 bhagavadgItA 5 / 14
Page #464
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ - 140 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA jagat kisI ke dvArA kRta mAnate hI, usakI Adi aura anta mAnanA hogA jo upAdAnAdi kAryakAraNabhAva ke siddhAntaviruddha hogA / isIlie jainadarzana vizva ko kisI ke dvArA kiyA huA aura sAdi- sAnta nahIM mAna kara svAbhAvika evaM anAdi-ananta mAnatA hai / vizva- sthiti ke mUlasUtra sthAnAMgasUtra meM isI sandarbha meM vizvasthiti kI AdhArabhUta dasa bAteM batAI gaI haiM (1) punarjanma - saMsArI jIva mara kara bAra-bAra janma lete haiM / (2) karmabandha - saMsArI jIva sadA ( pravAharUpeNa anAdikAla se ) karma bA~dhate haiN| (3) mohanIya karmabandha - saMsArI jIva sadaiva pravAharUpa se anAdikAla se satata mohanIyakarma bA~dhate haiM / (4) jIva - ajIva kA atyantAbhAva - aisA na to kabhI huA hai, na sambhava hai aura na hI bhaviSya meM hogA ki jIva ajIva ho jAe yA ajIva jIva ho jAe / (5) trasa-sthAvara-aviccheda - aisA na to kabhI huA hai, na vartamAna meM hotA hai aura na hI bhaviSya meM hogA ki sabhI trasa jIva sthAvara bana jAe~ athavA sabhI sthAvarajIva trasa ho jAe~ yA sabhI jIva kevala trasa yA kevala sthAvara ho jAe~ / (6) lokAloka pRthaktva - aisA na to kabhI huA hai, na hotA hai aura na hI bhaviSya meM hogA ki loka aloka ho jAe / (7) lokAloka anyonyA'praveza - aisA na to kabhI huA hai, na hotA hai aura na hI bhaviSya meM kabhI hogA ki loka aloka meM praviSTa ho jAe yA aloka loka meM praviSTa ho jAe / (8) loka aura jIvoM kA AdhAra - Adheya-sambandha - jitane kSetra kA nAma loka hai, utane kSetra meM jIva hai, aura jitane kSetra meM jIva hai, utane kSetra kA nAma loka hai / (e) loka maryAdA - jitane kSetra meM jIva aura pudgala gati kara sakate haiM, utanA kSetra loka hai aura jitanA kSetra loka hai, utane kSetra meM ho jIva aura pudgala gati kara sakate haiM / (10) alokagati - kAraNabhAva - loka ke samasta antima bhAgoM meM Abaddha pArzva - spaSTa pudgala haiM / lokAnta ke pudgala svabhAva se hI rUkhe hote haiM.
Page #465
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ lokavAda : eka samIkSA | 141 ve gati meM sahAyatA karane kI sthiti meM saMghaTita-suzliSTa nahIM hote / ataH jIva loka ke bAhara aloka meM gati nahIM kara sakate / ' loka kI saMsthiti isa loka (sRSTi yA jagat) kI sthiti ke viSaya meM kaI matabheda cale A rahe haiN| kaI paurANika kahate haiM ki yaha sRSTi (pRthvI) gAya ke sIMga para TikI huI hai| kaI ise zeSanAga ke phana para TikI haI mAnate haiN| vaiSNava loga viSNu ke AdhAra para vizva mAnate haiM-jagadAdhAraM viSNupadaM / kaI anya prakAra kI kalpanA karate haiM / parantu yaha saba kalpanAe~ yuktisaMgata nahIM haiN| bRhadAraNyaka upaniSad meM gArgI aura yAjJavalkya kA eka saMvAda AtA hai, jo isa viSaya se sambandhita hai| gArgI ne yAjJavalkya se pUchA--- "yaha vizva jala ke AdhAra para hai, kintu jala kisake AdhAra para hai ?" "gArgI ! vAyu ke|" . "vAyu kisake AdhAra para hai ?'' - antarikSa ke, antarikSa gandharvaloka ke, gandharvaloka Adityaloka ke, Adityaloka candraloka ke, candraloka nakSatraloka ke, nakSatraloka devaloka ke, devaloka indraloka ke, indraloka prajApati-loka ke, aura prajApatiloka brahmaloka ke AdhAra para avasthita hai| gArgI ne pUchA-'brahmaloka kisake AdhAra para sthita hai, RSivara !' yAjJavalkya-yaha atiprazna hai, gArgI ! tU isa prakAra ke prazna mata kara, anyathA terA sira kaTakara gira pdd'egaa| parantu jainazAstroM meM isa prakAra kI bAta nahIM hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra se jo bhI prazna pUchA gayA hai, usakA unhoMne spaSTa evaM anekAnta-sApekSa dRSTi se uttara diyA hai| bhagavatI-sUtra meM isa viSaya meM bhagavAn mahAvIra aura gautama svAmI kA saMvAda aMkita hai| vaha pUchA gayA hai-bhaMte ! loka kI sthiti kitane prakAra kI hai ? uttara meM bhagavAn ne kahA-gautama ! lokasthiti ATha prakAra kI hai-(1) vAyu AkAza para TikI huI hai, (2) samudra vAyu para TikA huA hai, (3) pRthvI samudra para TikI huI hai, (4) trasa-sthAvara pRthvI para Tike hae haiM, (5) ajIva jIva ke Azrita hai, (6) sakarma jIva karma 1 sthAnAMgasUtra sthA0 10 / 1 2 bRhadAraNyaka upaniSad 3 / 6 / 1
Page #466
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 142 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA ke Azrita hai, (7) ajIva jIvoM dvArA saMgRhIta hai, aura (8) jIva kamasaMgRhIta haiN| ___ isase spaSTa hai ki vizva ke AdhArabhUta AkAza, vAyu, jala aura pRthvI, ye cAra aMga haiM, jinake AdhAra para vizva kI sampUrNa vyavasthA nirmita haI hai| saMsArI jIva aura pudgala (jar3a) donoM AdhAra-Adheya bhAva evaM saMgrAhya-saMgrAhakabhAva se rahe hae haiN| jIva AdhAra hai, zarIra usakA Adheya hai| karma saMsArI jIva kA AdhAra hai, aura saMsArI jIvakarma kA Adheya hai| karmabaddha jIva hI zarIrayukta hotA hai| gamanAgamana, bhASaNa, cintana-manana Adi sabhI kriyAe~ karmabaddha jIva kI hotI hai| Astivya kA AdhAra : lokavAda prastuta lokavAda kA jinokta dRSTi se jJAna tathA manana-cintana karane para eka bAta spaSTa hotI hai ki loka ke viSaya meM spaSTa jJAna na hone se zrutadharma-cAritradharma kA ArAdhaka vyakti svayaM katRtva ke puruSArtha se bhaTakakara Izvara, brahmA, deva yA kisI adRzya zakti ke hAtha kA khilaunA bana sakatA hai| phira pUrvajanmakRta karmoM ko kATane ke lie dharmAcaraNa meM puruSArtha na karake aisI hI kisI adRzya zakti kA Azrita bana jAtA hai| usakI kRpA kI AkAMkSA karane lagatA hai| apane puruSArtha se hIna ho jAtA hai| jabaki satya yaha ki loka (sRSTi yA vizva) kI sthiti kamoM ke kAraNa hotI hai, karma karane vAlA jIva svayaM hai, vaha karmavaza hI pUrvokta tInoM lokoM meM bhramaNa karatA hai| loka kA svarUpa kyA hai ? usameM merA kyA sthAna hai ? ityAdi vicAra karake vaha lokavAda se preraNA letA hai ki mujhe loka meM bhramaNa na karake lokAgra meM sthira hone kA aharniza puruSArtha karanA caahie| ___ madhyaloka meM manuSyabhava meM karmabhUmika manuSya kSetra meM hI ratnatrayarUpa dharmAcaraNa kA puruSArtha ho sakatA hai; anya lokoM meM nhiiN| jisa loka meM atIva bhautika sukha hai, vahA~ bhI mokSaviSayaka puruSArtha nahIM ho sakatA aura na atyanta duHkhayukta loka (adholoka) meM hI yaha puruSArtha ho sakatA hai| madhyaloka meM kSetrakRta, vyaktigata yA parakRta vedanA adholoka kI apekSA bahuta hI thor3I hai, utanI vedanA meM se hI manuSya apanA Alasya aura pramAda dUra 1 bhagavatIsUtra 16
Page #467
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ lokavAda : eka samIkSA | 143 karake juTa sake to samabhAvapUrvaka vedanAe~ sahakara unake mUla - karmoM ke samUha ko kATa sakatA hai aura mokSapada prApta kara sakatA hai / isIlie lokavAda Mat Astikya kA AdhAra mAnA gayA hai / ihaloka ke atirikta bhI paraloka ( Urdhvaloka- adholoka ) ko mAnane se punarjanma karmoM ke phalasvarUpa cAra gati aura 84 lakSa yoniyoM meM paribhramaNa ke kAraNoM para anAyAsa hI cintana kA srota phUTatA hai, jisase AtmavikAsa aura Atmadharma ke prati sAdhaka kI AsthA dRr3ha hotI hai /
Page #468
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ karmavAda : eka mImAMsA karmavAda : Astikya kI sudRr3ha AdhArazilA AtmavAda aura lokavAda ke sAtha karmavAda kA aTUTa sambandha hai / jise AtmA kI zakti kA bhAna ho jAtA hai, vaha loka kA svarUpa jAnakara loka meM rahatA huA bhI nirlepa raha sakatA hai, ajIvoM ke sAtha tathA unake par3osa meM rahatA huA bhI unake prati rAga-dveSa yA iSTaviyoga aniSTasaMyoga ke samaya Atta dhyAna nahIM karatA, kyoMki vaha jAnatA hai ki jIva (AtmA) aura karmoM kA saMyoga (sAhacarya) sone aura miTTI ke saMyoga kI taraha pravAharUpa se anAdi hote hue bhI jaise sonA agni Adi ke dvArA miTTI se pRthak ho jAtA hai, vaise hI AtmA bhI tapa, saMyama, saMvara, nirjarA Adi upAyoM se karma se pRthak ho sakatA hai|' isI kAraNa karmavAda Astikya kI eka sudRr3ha AdhArazilA hai / hama kyA haiM ? (AtmavAda), hama kahA~-kahA~ se Ate haiM aura kahA~-kahA~ cale jAte haiM (lokavAda) tathA hameM kyA karanA hai, kyA nahIM ? ( karmavAda) tathA hama vikRti se prakRti meM, parabhAva yA vibhAvaM dazA se svabhAva dazA meM kisake mAdhyama se A sakate haiM ? (kriyAvAda ) - ina saba bAtoM kA jJAna jinokta zAstroM se prApta karake hama zrutadharma kI sAMgopAMga ArAdhanA kara sakate haiM / saMsAra kI vividhatAoM kA kAraNa : karma yadi sabhI jIva svabhAva se samAna haiM, mukta AtmA ke samAna hI sabakI AtmA zuddha haiM, taba phira saMsAra meM itanI vividhatA aura vicitratA kyoM ? ekendriya se lekara paMcendriya taka ke jIvoM meM, tathA paMcedriyoM meM bhI nAraka, tiryaJca, manuSya aura deva ina cAra prakAroM ke bhI pratyeka ke asaMkhya - asaMkhya prakAra haiM / eka manuSyajAti ko hI le leM, usameM bhI 14 lAkha yoniyA~ haiM aura unameM bhI AkRti, prakRti, sukha-duHkha, vikAsa - avikAsa Adi ke bheda se karor3oM prakAra ke manuSya haiM / itano viSamatA, vividhatA aura vicitratAoM kA koI na koI kAraNa avazya honA cAhie / agara
Page #469
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ karmavAda : eka mImAMsA | 145 AtmA nitya hai, to vaha janmatA-maratA kyoM hai ? vividha gatiyoM-yoniyoM meM kyoM bhaTakatA hai ? agara AtmA jJAnasvarUpa hai to ajJAnAndhakAra meM kyoM bhaTakatA hai ? yadi vaha amRta hai to vibhinna mUrta zarIroM meM kyoM baddha haiM ?" ina saba praznoM kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki AtmA kA vAstavika svarUpa to vahI hai, kintu vizva meM eka aisI adbhuta zakti hai, jo zuddha, jJAnasvarUpa aura svatantra AtmA ko vivaza banAkara nAnA prakAra ke nAca nacA rahI hai / vahI zakti jIvoM ko cAra gatiyoM aura caurAsI lAkha yoniyoM meM bhaTakA rahI hai / usI zakti ke kAraNa saMsAra meM itanI vividhatA, vicitratA, virUpatA aura viSamatAe~ dRSTigocara ho rahI haiM / usa zakti ko jainadarzana 'karma' kahatA hai / vedAntadarzana meM use mAyA yA avidyA, sAMkhyadarzana meM prakRti, vaizeSikadarzana meM adRSTa yA saMskAra, kinhIM darzanoM meM vAsanA, Azaya, dharmAdharma yA apUrva Adi kahA gayA hai / kucha dharma yA darzana use karma mAnate haiM / kintu jainadarzana meM karma kA jaisA sAMgopAMga, tarkasaMgata, atyanta sUkSma, vyavasthita, evaM vistAra se vivecana milatA hai, vaisA anyatra nahIM milatA hai / jainadarzana meM karmavAda para bahuta hI gaharAI se cintana-mananapUrvaka vipula sAhitya likhA gayA hai / " karmavAda evaM anya vAda yadyapi jainadarzana ke atirikta vaidika evaM bauddha dharmagranthoM meM bhI karma - sambandhI vicAra milate haiM / kintu unameM karma aura karmaphala ( yathAkarma tathAphala) kA sAmAnya nirdeza mAtra milatA hai / . adRSTavAda nyAyadarzana meM use adRSTa kahA gayA hai / acche-bure karmoM kA saMskAra AtmA para par3atA hai, vahI adRSTa hai / adRSTa AtmA ke sAtha taba taka rahatA hai, - AcArAMga 1 / 3 / 1 - paMcAdhyAyI 250 1 (ka) 'kammuNA uvAhI jAya ' (kha) eko daridra eko hi zrImAniti ca karmaNaH / ( ga ) kammao NaM bhaMte! jIve, no akammao vibhattibhAvaM pariNamaI / haMtA, goyamA ! kammao NaM jIve, No akammao vibhattibhAvaM pariNamaI / ' - bhagavatI 12 / 120 2 karmagrantha, kammapayaDI, zataka, paMcasaMgraha, saptatikA Adi zvetAmbarAcAryakRta grantha tathA mahAkarmaprakRtiprAbhRta ( SaTkhaNDAgama), kaSAyaprAbhRta Adi digambarAcAryakRta grantha pUrvAddhRta mAne jAte haiM /
Page #470
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 146 / jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA jaba taka usakA phala nahIM mila jAtA / adRSTa kA phala Izvara ke mAdhyama se milatA hai| usakA kAraNa yaha batAyA gayA hai ki yadi Izvara karmaphala kI vyavasthA na kare to karma niSphala ho jaaeN| kintu jagatkartA (jagat kI vicitratAoM kA kartA), dhartA, saMhartA Izvara ko mAna lene para AtmA kI svatantra katRtvazakti daba jAtI hai| Izvara ke hAtha meM karmaphala kI sattA dene para to jIva ko zubhakarma karane yA karmoM kA kSaya karane kA koI protsAhana evaM svAtaMtrya nahIM mila sktaa| prakRtivAda sAMkhyadarzana karma ko prakRti kA vikAra mAnatA hai| acchI-burI pravRttiyoM kA 'prakRti' (pradhAna tattva) para saMskAra par3atA hai| usa prakRtigata saMskAra se karmoM ke phala milate haiM ? kintu yaha kalpanA bhI yuktisaMgata nahIM hai| isase acetana prakRti ko karma aura karmaphala ko mAnakara AtmA ko sarvathA akartA batAyA gayA hai, kintu bhrAntivaza use bhoktA mAnA gayA hai, jo ki sarvathA asaMgata hai| jo kartA nahIM, vaha bhoktA kaise ? isa prakAra 'prakRti' karmavAda kA sthAna nahIM le sktaa| vedAnta kA mAyAvAda ___yaha bhI karmavAda kI pUrti nahIM kara paataa| kyoMki mAyA kA saMsarga rahate hue bhI AtmA ko to zuddha, kUTastha nitya, eka svabhAva mAnA gayA hai| ataH mAyA to kevala niSkriya hI siddha hotI hai| . bauddhadarzana kA cittagata vAsanAvAda bauddhoM ne karma ko cittagata vAsanA mAnA hai, vahI sukha-duHkha kA kAraNa banatI hai| kintu ekAnta kSaNikavAda ke kAraNa AtmA meM karmakartRtvabhoktRtva kI vyavasthA ghaTita nahIM ho sktii| bhUtavAda paMcabhUtoM se cetana-acetana sabhI padArthoM kI utpatti mAnane vAle bhUtavAdiyoM ke mata meM paMcabhautika zarIra hI AtmA hai, jo yahIM samApta ho jAtA hai / AtmavAda evaM lokavAda (punarjanma) ko na mAnane ke kAraNa jagata kI vicitratAoM, viSamatAoM Adi kA yathArtha samAdhAna paMcabhUtavAdiyoM ke pAsa nahIM hai| puruSavAda isake anusAra sRSTi kA racayitA, pAlanakartA aura saMhartA puruSavizeSa-Izvara hai| usakI jJAnAdi zaktiyA~ pralayakAla meM bhI naSTa nahIM
Page #471
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ karmavAda : eka mImAMsA | 147 hotIM / jar3a-cetana dravyoM ke pArasparika saMyojana meM Izvara nimittakAraNa hai / vahI vizva kA niyAmaka hai / isake matAnusAra jIva kI svatantra kartRtvabhoktRtva zakti nahIM hai / ataH yahA~ karmavAda Izvara kartRtva ke kAraNa niSphala aura nirarthaka ho jAtA hai / kAlAdi ekAntika paMcakAraNavAda kAlavAda, svabhAvavAda, niyativAda, yadRcchAvAda aura puruSArthavAda - ye pAMcoM apane-apane mata ko karma ke sthAna meM prastuta karate haiM aura jagat kI vicitratAoM yA viSamatAoM kA kAraNa kAla Adi ko batAte haiM / (1) kAlavAda ke samarthakoM kA mata hai ki vizva kI sabhI vastue~ sRSTigata prANiyoM ke sukha-duHkha, hAni-lAbha, jIvana-maraNa Adi, sabakA AdhAra kAla hai / kAla ke kAraNa ho sArI ghaTanAe~ hotI haiM / kintu kAlavAda prANI ko kAla ke bharose rakhakara usake puruSArtha ko paMgu banA detA hai / kAla ke bharose baiThA rahakara manuSya dharmadhyAna, ratnatraya sAdhanA Adi meM puruSArtha nahIM kara pAtA / ataH kAlavAda karmavAda kA sthAna nahIM le sakatA / ' (2) svabhAvavAda ko bhI bahuta se vicAraka karmavAda kA sthAnApanna mAnate haiN| unakA kahanA hai ki jagat meM jo kucha bhI vicitratA hai, vaha svabhAva ke kAraNa hai | kA~ToM kA nukIlApana, pazu-pakSiyoM kI vicitratA Adi sabhI svabhAva ke kAraNa haiM / svabhAva ke binA mUMga nahIM paka sakate, bhale hI kAla Adi kyoM na hoM / zAstravArtAsamuccaya meM svabhAvavAda kA pakSa sthApana karate hue likhA hai - kisI bhI prANI kA mAtA ke garbha meM praveza, bAlyAvasthA, zubhAzubha anubhavoM kI prApti Adi bAteM svabhAva ke binA ghaTita nahIM ho sakatIM / svabhAva hI samasta ghaTanAoM kA kAraNa hai / svabhAvavAdI vizva kI vicitratA kA niyAmaka kisI ko nahIM mAnatA / parantu karmakSaya karane kA, dharmAcaraNa kA evaM ratnatraya sAdhanA kA puruSArtha svabhAvAzrita rahane para nahIM ho sakatA / ataH svabhAvavAda karmavAda kA kArya pUrNarUpa se nahIM kara sakatA / " 1 (ka) atharvaveda 16 / 53-54. (kha) kAlena sarvaM labhate manuSyaH """ ( ga ) zAstra vArtAsamuccaya 165-168 - mahAbhArata zAntiparva 25 / 32 2 (ka) zvetAzvataropaniSad 18 (kha) bhagavadgItA 5 / 14 ( ga ) mahAbhArata zAntiparva 25/16 (gha) zAstravArtAsamuccaya 166-172
Page #472
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 148 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA (3) niyativAda-bahuta se dArzanika evaM dharmapravattaka niyativAda ke bhI samarthaka the| unakA kathana hai ki saMsAra meM jo kucha honA hotA hai, vahI hotA hai, usameM kiMcit bhI antara nahIM pdd'taa| saMsAra kI pratyeka ghaTanA pahale se hI niyata hai| bauddhapiTakoM, jainAgamoM evaM zvetAzvatara Adi upaniSadoM meM bhI niyativAda ke sambandha meM varNana milatA hai| AcArya haribhadrasUri ne niyativAda kA svarUpa batAte hue likhA haijisa vastu ko jisa samaya, jisa kAraNa se, jisa rUpa meM utpanna honA hotA hai, vaha vastu usa samaya, usI kAraNa se, usI rUpa meM avazya utpanna hotI hai| sAmaJaphalasutta meM maMkhalIgozAlaka (AjIvaka) ke niyativAda kA varNana karate hue batAyA hai ki prANiyoM kI apavitratA aura zuddhatA kA koI bhI kAraNa nahIM hai, ve binA hI kAraNa apavitra hote haiM aura akAraNa hI zuddha hote haiN| apane sAmarthya ke bala para kucha bhI nahIM hotaa| bala, vIrya, puruSArtha, parAkrama Adi kucha bhI nahIM hai, jo kucha bhI parivartana hotA hai, vaha niyati ke kAraNa hI hotA hai| niyati ke abhAva meM koI bhI kArya saMsAra meM nahIM ho sktaa| bhale hI kAla, svabhAva Adi anya kAraNa upasthita hoN| parantu ekAnta niyativAda bhI puruSArtha kA ghAtaka hai| isake bharose rahakara mAnava bhAgyavAdI bana jAtA hai| ataH karmavAda ko mAnanA hI zreyaskara hai| (4) yaharachAvAda-yadRcchAvAdiyoM kA mantavya hai ki kisI nizcita kAraNa ke binA hI kArya kI utpatti ho jAtI hai| binA hI nimitta ke akasmAt kisI kArya yA ghaTanA kA ho jAnA yadRcchA hai / yadacchA kA artha akasmAt yA 'animitta' hai| yadRcchAvAda, akasmAtvAda, akAraNavAda, ahetuvAda aura animittavAda Adi saba ekArthaka haiN| yadacchAvAda kA ullekha zvetAzvatara upaniSad, mahAbhArata zAntiparva tathA nyAyasUtra Adi granthoM meM milatA hai| 1 (ka) sUtrakRtAMga 2 / 1 / 12, 2 / 6 (kha) vyAkhyAprajJapti, zataka 15 (ga) upAsakadazAMga a0 6-7, (gha) dIghanikAya-sAmaJaphalasutta (Ga) zAstravArtAsamuccaya (haribhadrasUri) 174 2 (ka) nyAyabhASya 3 / 2 / 1 (kha) nyAyasUtra 4 / 1 / 22 (ga) zvetAzvatara upaniSad 1 / 2 (gha) mahAbhArata zAntiparva 33 / 23 (Ga) nyAyabhASya (paM0 phaNibhUSaNakRta anuvAda) 4 / 1 / 24
Page #473
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ karmavAda : eka mImAMsA | 146 yadacchAvAda yuktiviruddha hai / usake bharose rahakara mAnava puruSArthahIna ho jAtA hai / yadRcchAvAda kAraNa-kAryavAda kA bhI virodhI hai, jo dArzanikoM ko kathamapi mAnya nahIM ho sakatA hai| (5) daivavAda--kevala pUrvakRta karmoM ke bharose baiThe rahanA aura kisI prakAra kA puruSArtha na karanA daivavAda hai / ise bhAgyavAda bhI kaha sakate haiN| icchA svAtaMtrya ko isameM koI avakAza nahIM hai| isameM sampUrNa ghaTanAcakra paratantratA ke AdhAra para calatA hai| manuSya bhAgya ke hAtha kA khilaunA banakara jotA hai| use niHsahAya hokara apane pUrvakRta karmoM kA phala bhoganA par3atA hai / phalabhoga ke samaya vaha kiMcit bhI parivartana nahIM kara sktaa| jisa karma kA jisa rUpa meM phala bhoganA niyata hai, usa karma kA usI rUpa meM phala bhoganA par3atA hai| daivavAda aura niyativAda meM antara yaha hai ki daivavAda meM karma kI sattA para vizvAsa rahatA hai, jabaki niyativAda karma ke astitva ko hI nahIM maantaa| donoM meM parAdhInatA hai / daivavAda meM parAdhInatA karmoM ke kAraNa hai, niyativAda meM binA kisI kAraNa ke hai| daivavAdI karmakSaya karane yA zubhakarma karane kA koI puruSArtha nahIM kara sktaa| isalie karmavAda kA sthAna vaha nahIM le sktaa|' (6) puruSArtha vAda-anukUla yA pratikUla vastu kI prApti puruSArtha para nirbhara hai / agara zuddha aura yathArtha puruSArtha kiyA jAe to abhISTa vastu kI prApti hotI hai| puruSArtha hI saba kucha hai / bhAgya yA deva nAma kI koI alaga vastu nahIM hai / pUrva puruSArtha ho bhAgya yA daiva hai / yaha puruSArthavAda kA svarUpa hai| puruSArthavAda kA AdhAra icchA svAtaMtrya hai| anadarzanasammata paMcakAraNa samavAyavAda karmavAda ke samarthaka vicArakoM ne ina saba vAdoM kA karmavAda ke sAtha samanvaya karate hue 'paMcakAraNa samavAyavAda' prastuta kiyA hai| jainadarzana kA mantavya hai ki jaise kisI bhI kArya kI utpatti kevala eka kAraNa para nahIM apitu aneka kAraNoM para nirbhara hai, vaise hI karma ke sAtha-sAtha kAla, svabhAva, niyati, daiva aura puruSArtha bhI vizvavecitrya yA vizvavaiSamya ke kAraNoM ke antargata samAviSTa haiN| 1 (ka) Atma-mImAMsA, kArikA 86-61 (kha) 'pUrvajanmakRtaM karma taddevamiti kathyate / ' --hitopadeza
Page #474
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 150 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA udAharaNArtha - kRSaka kRSikarma meM tabhI saphala manoratha hotA hai, jaba paMcakAraNa - samavAya anukUla hoM / jaise- pahale to kheta meM bIja bone kA ThIka samaya ho, tatpazcAt usa bIja kA aMkurita hone kA svabhAva ho, kyoMki jalA huA boja hogA to usakA aMkurita hone kA svabhAva na hone se samaya para bone para bhI aMkurita nahIM hogA, phira svabhAvAnusAra niyati ( honahAra - kheta meM anna utpanna hone kI ), tatpazcAta kRSakaM kA zubhakarmodaya honA cAhie tAki nirvighnatApUrvaka khetI ho jAe; tadanantara usakI saphalatA puruSArtha para nirbhara hai / puruSArtha nahIM hogA to ye cAroM kAraNa hone para bhI kRSikArya siddha nahIM hogA / ataH vizva ko vividhatA yA viSamatA kA mukhya kAraNa to karma hai, aura kAla Adi usake sahakArI kAraNa haiM / karma ko mukhya kAraNa mAnane se chadmastha vyakti ko abhISTa dizA meM svayaM satpuruSArtha karane kA avakAza rahatA hai / jana-jana ke mana meM Atmabala, AtmavizvAsa aura AtmapuruSArtha bhAva paidA hotA hai| AcArya siddhasena divAkara aura AcArya haribhadra kahate haiM - kAla, svabhAva, niyati, pUrvakarma (daiva yA bhAgya ) aura puruSArtha; ina pAMcoM kAraNoM meM se kisI eka ko hI ekAntarUpa se kAraNa mAnA jAe aura zeSa kAraNoM kI upekSA kI jAe, yahI mithyAtva hai, aura inhIM pAMca kAraNoM kA samavAya kArya niSpatti meM nimitta mAnA jAe, yahI samyaktva hai / zvetAzvatara upaniSad meM bhI pA~coM kAraNoM kA saMyoga, kArya yA sukha-duHkha kI niSpatti meM kAraNa batAyA gayA hai / bhagavadgItA meM pratyeka kArya ke pAMca kAraNa isa prakAra batAe gae haiM- adhiSThAna ( deza - kAla), kartA, kAraNa ( vividha sAdhana) vividha pRthakpRthak ceSTAe~ (kriyAe~) aura pAMcavA~ deva / manuSya mana, vANI aura zarIra se jo bhI acchA-burA karma ( kArya ) karatA hai, usake ye pAMca kAraNa hote haiM / aisA hone para bhI jo akele svayaM ko hI karmoM kA kartA mAnatA hai, vaha akRtabuddhi (ajJAnI) yathArtha nahIM samajhatA / ' (ka) kAlo sahAva NiyaI puvvakamma purisakAre gaMtA / micchattaM taM ceva u samAsao huMti sammattaM // zAstravArttAsamuccaya 161-192 - sanmatitarka prakaraNa 3 / 53 (kramaza:)
Page #475
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ karmavAda : eka mImAMsA | 151 karmavAda kI upayogitA karmavAda ko mAne binA janma-janmAntara, tathA ihaloka - paraloka kA sambandha ghaTita nahIM ho sakatA / saMsArI AtmAoM kI vibhinnatA, vicitratA aura viSamatA ke kAraNa kA samAdhAna bhI karmavAda hI kara sakatA hai, aura koI nahIM / AtmA kI vibhinna avasthAoM, gatiyoM-yoniyoM, punarjanma - ghaTanAoM ke tathA eka ho mAtA ke udara se eka sAtha paidA hone vAle do yugala bAlakoM ke svabhAva, sukha-duHkha tathA anya visadRzatAoM ke kyA kAraNa haiM ? garbhastha zizu ko binA zubhAzubhakarma kiye anukUla-pratikUla phala prApti, kyoM ? anapar3ha mAtA-pitA ko pratibhAzAlI putra aura zikSita mAtA-pitA mUrkha putra Adi viSamatA kyoM ? eka chAtrAvAsa meM eka sarIkhI saba vyavasthA, suvidhA evaM paristhiti hone para bhI chAtroM kI bauddhika kSamatA Adi meM nyUnAdhikatA kyoM ? ityAdi jvalanta praznoM kA yathocita samAdhAna karmavAda ko mAne binA nahIM ho sakatA / kisI bhI vighna, saMkaTa yA vipatti Ane para sAdhAraNa mAnava ghabarA - kara, kiMttavyavimUr3ha hokara prArambha kiye hue kArya ko chor3a baiThatA hai, usake puruSArtha aura sAhasa ko nirAzA aura mUr3hatA dabA detI hai / aise samaya meM AzA aura sphUrti kA saMcAra karane vAlA, sAhasa aura Atmabala pradAna karane vAlA, buddhi ko santulita aura sthira karane vAlA, unnati patha para car3hane ke lie anupama sAhasa bharane vAlA, tathA upasthita vighnAdi ke mUla kAraNa kyA ye nimitta haiM yA merA utpAdana hai ? isa para cintana kI preraNA dene vAlA guru karmavAda hI hai / apanI vartamAna sthiti ko badalane ke lie apanI Atmazuddhi karake karmoM se mukti kI preraNA dene vAlA, karmavAda hI hai / sUtrakRtAMga ke isa kathana se karmavAda para vizvAsa karane kI preraNA milatI hai ki jaisA maiMne pahale karma kiyA thA / vaisA hI phala mere sAmane duHkha ke rUpa meM A gayA hai / (ga) kAlaH svabhAvo niyatiryadRcchA, bhUtAni yoniH puruSa iti cintyam / saMyoga eSAM na svAtmabhAvAdAtmA'pyanIzaH sukhaduHkhahetoH / - zvetAzvatara upaniSad 1 / 2 (gha) bhagavadgItA a0 18 / 14-15 1 'jaM jArisaM puvvamakAsi kammaM tameva Amacchati saMparAe / ' 7 - sUtrakRtAMga
Page #476
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 152 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA isa prakAra karmavAda para vizvAsa se sukha-duHkha ke jhoMke AtmA ko vicilita nahIM kara skte| karmavAda para vizvAsa se vyakti ko aiso nizcintatA ho jAtI hai, ki 'mere jaise pUrvakarma hoMge, tadanusAra phala milane meM koI sandeha nahIM hai / karmoM kA RNa to mujhe dera-sabera cukAnA hI par3egA, phira mana meM glAni na karake samabhAvapUrvaka hI inheM bhoga lU. tAki naye karmoM kA bandha na ho aura purAne karmoM kA kSaya ho jaae|' karmavAda para vizvAsa se kArya meM saphalatA evaM hArdika prasannatA prApta hotI haiN| pratikUlatA ke samaya nimittoM ko kosane kI apekSA zAntabhAva se sthira rahane kI athavA kevala mere para hI nahIM, bar3e-bar3oM para vipattiyA~ AI haiM, isalie kyoM ghabarAU~, isa prakAra kI sAntvanAbharI preraNA karmavAda se milatI hai| dUsare zabdoM meM karmavAda kA sandeza duHkhoM kI jvAlAoM se dagdha manuSyoM ke ghAvoM para marahama-paTTI kA kAma karatA hai, unake azAnta hRdayoM ko zAnti pahu~cAtA hai; duHkha aura nirAzA ke garta meM par3e hue mAnava ko AzA ke vizAla bhavana meM pahu~cA detA hai / karmavAda se lAkhoM manuSyoM ke kaSTa kama hue haiN| isase vartamAna meM duHkha sahana karane kI kSamatA bar3hatI hai, aura bhaviSya meM jovana ko pavitra banAne kI preraNA milatA hai| __ karmavAda se yaha bhI preraNA milatI hai ki AtmA ko janma-maraNarUpa saMsAracakra meM ghumAne ke kAraNabhUta karma se agara chuTakArA pAnA ho to karmoM ko AtmA se alaga karane kA puruSArtha karanA cAhie / karmavAdI svarga aura mokSa kI prApti ke lie athavA vibhinna prakAra ke duHkhoM, samasyAoM, vighnoM aura saMkaToM se chuTakArA pAne athavA pUrvakRta azubha karmoM ko yathAsambhava zubha meM pariNata karane ke lie yA vartamAna sthiti ko badalane ke lie kisI devI-deva, adRzya zakti yA Izvara Adi ke sAmane nahIM gir3agir3AtA, bhIkha bhI nahIM mA~gatA aura na una para nirbhara hI rahatA hai / vaha svayaM svatantra satpuruSArtha dvArA karmoM se mukta ho sakatA hai yA azubha ko zubha meM yathAsambhava badala sakatA hai| karmavAdI kA yaha dRr3ha vizvAsa hotA hai ki AtmA kisI rahasyapUrNa zakti yA Izvara kI zakti yA icchA ke hAthoM kI kaThaputalI nahIM hai| vaha karma karane meM, karmoM ko kATane meM svatantra hai| karmavAdI kI dRr3ha AsthA hotI hai vikAsa kI caramasImA ko prApta vyakti-paramAtmA karmoM se sarvathA mukta hotA hai / yadyapi sabhI AtmAoM meM unake jaisI zakti vidyamAna hai, kintu hamArI zaktiyA~ karmoM se AvRta-avikasita haiN| unakA vikAsa
Page #477
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ karmavAda : eka mImAMsA | 153 Atmabala dvArA karmoM ke AvaraNa ko dUra karake kiyA jA sakatA hai, aura paramAtmA banA jA sakatA hai| sAdhAraNa ajJa mAnava jahA~ jIvana kI vighna-bAdhAoM aura vipattiyoM se ghabarAkara dharma-karma ko bhUla baiThatA hai, rone-cillAne lagatA hai, zvAnavRttivaza bAhya kAraNoM ko kosakara yA apane saMkaTa kA dAyitva una nimittoM para DAlakara unase lar3atA-jhagar3atA hai| isake viparIta karmavAdI siMhavRtti se socatA hai ki vRkSa ke mUla kAraNa-bIja taraha duHkha yA saMkaTa kA bIja svakRtakama haiM, pRthvI-pAnI-vAyu Adi bAhya nimittoM kI taraha, ye to kevala bAhya nimitta hai| ataH vaha apane saMkaTa yA duHkha ke lie dUsaroM ko doSI nahIM tthhraataa| balki apane azubhakarmoM kA phala mAnakara unheM samabhAvapUrvaka sahatA hai| ____ kitanI upayogitA hai, vyAvahArika evaM paramArtha dRSTi se karmavAda kii| . karmavAda ke antargata karma kyA haiM ? AtmA ke sAtha ve kaise ba~dhate haiM ? unake kauna-kauna-se kAraNa hai, kisa kAraNa se karma meM kaisI zakti utpanna hotI hai ? karma kama se kama aura adhika se adhika kitane samaya taka AtmA ke sAtha lage rahate haiM ? AtmA se sambaddha hokara bhI karma kitane kAla taka phala nahIM dete ? vipAka kA niyata samaya badala sakatA hai yA nahIM ? yadi badala sakatA hai to usake lie kaise Atma-pariNAma Avazyaka haiM ? AtmA karma kA kartA aura bhoktA kyoM aura kisa taraha haiM ? AtmA jaba vikAsonmukha hokara paramAtma bhAva prakaTa karane ko utsuka hotA hai, taba karmoM ke sAtha kisa prakAra jUjhatA hai ? samartha AtmA Age bar3hate haiM hue karmaparvatoM ko kaise cUra-cUra kara DAlatA hai ? pUrNa vikAsa ke samIpa pahu~ce hue AtmA ko bhI upazAnta hue kama kisa prakAra punaH dabA dete haiM ? karma balavAn haiM yA AtmA ? aise anekAneka prazna Ate haiM, karmavAdI jinakA yuktisaMgata samAdhAna karmavAda se pA letA hai aura jIvana-patha meM Ane vAlI ulajhanoM ko bhalI-bhA~ti sulajhA letA hai / yahI karmavAda kI vizeSatA hai| __ kamavAdI mAnava karma karate samaya atyanta sAvadhAna rahatA hai, vaha AtmA para se karmoM kA AvaraNa dUra karane ke lie aharniza prayatnazIla rahatA hai| ___ Aie, karmavAda se sambandhita ina aura aise sabhI praznoM para vicAra kara leN|
Page #478
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 154 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA karma zabda: vibhinna arthoM meM sAmAnya logoM meM vibhinna vyavasAyoM, kAryoM yA vyavahAroM ke artha meM karma zabda kA prayoga hotA hai / khAnA-pInA, calanA-phiranA, sonA-jAganA Adi kriyAoM ke lie bhI karma zabda kA prayoga hotA hai / naiyAyikoM ne utkSepaNa, avakSepaNa, AkuJcana, prasAraNa Adi sAMketika karmoM ke lie karma zabda kA vyavahAra kiyA hai| paurANika loga vrata, Adi dhArmika kriyAoM ke artha meM, karmakANDI mImAMsaka yajJa-yAga Adi kriyAkANDoM ke artha meM aura smArta vidvAn cAra AzramoM aura cAra varNoM ke niyata yA vihita karma rUpa artha meM karma zabda kA prayoga karate haiM / kucha dArzanika saMskAra, Azaya, adRSTa, vAsanA Adi arthoM meM karma zabda kA prayoga karate haiM / vaiyAkaraNa karma use mAnate haiM, jisa para kartA ke vyApAra kA phala giratA hai / meM parantu jaina darzana meM karma zabda ina sabase vilakSaNa evaM viziSTa artha prayukta huA hai, jo manovijJAna sammata bhI hai / karmazabda kA lakSaNa isa prakAra hai- kIrai jIeNa heUha jeNaM tu bhaNNae kammaM / ' 1 "jIva kI apanI zArIrika, mAnasika evaM vAcika zubhAzubha kriyA dvArA yA mithyAtva avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga, ina kAraNoM se prerita hokara rAgadveSAtmaka pravRtti se cumbaka kI taraha AkRSTa AtmA, jo karatA hai, vaha karma kahalAtA hai / " spaSTa zabdoM meM- pudgaladravya kI aneka vargaNAoM (jAtiyoM) meM se jo kArmaNavargaNA" hai, vahI karmadravya hai / kArmaNavargaNA samagra loka meM sUkSmaraja ke rUpa meM vyApta hai / ve hI sUkSma rajakaNa mithyAtva, avrata, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga ke dvArA AkRSTa hokara jaba jIva ke sAtha jur3a jAte haiM, taba karma kahalAne lagate haiM / sarala zabdoM meM kaheM to - AtmA kI zubhAzubha pravRtti dvArA AkRSTa evaM karmarUpa meM pariNata hone vAle pudgala karma haiM / 1 (ka) karmagrantha, prathama bhAga, gA0 1 (kha) pariNamadi jadA appA suhammi asuhammi rAgadosajudo / taM pavisadi kammarayaM NANAvaraNAdi bhAvehiM || -pravacanasAra 2 pratyeka karma ke ananta ananta paramANu hote haiM / itanA hI nahIM, jIva ke asaMkhyAta Atma-pradezoM para karmoM ke ananta ananta paramANuoM kA samUha jamA huA hai / unheM karmaNA kahate haiM /
Page #479
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ karmavAda : eka mImAMsA | 155 mUrta karmoM kA amUrta AtmA ke sAtha bandha kaise prazna hotA hai, karma pudgalarUpa hone se mUta-rUpI haiM, aura AtmA amUtika-arUpI hai / phira amUrtika ke sAtha mUrtika kA bandha kaise ho sakatA hai ? jaise-- vAyu aura agni donoM mUladravya haiM, inakA amUta AkAza para koI prabhAva nahIM par3atA, isI prakAra mUta karma kA bhI amUrta AtmA para koI prabhAva nahIM par3anA caahie| parantu yahA~ karmoM kA AtmA para pratyakSa prabhAva dekhane meM AtA hai| isakA samAdhAna karmamarmajJa AcArya yoM karate haiM ki mUtadravya amUta dravya ko prabhAvita kara hI nahIM sakatA, aisA ekAnta siddhAnta nahIM hai| jaise-jJAna AtmA kA guNa hone se amUtta hai, madirA aura viSa Adi padArtha rUpI hone se mUtta hote haiM / jaba manuSya madirApAna kara letA hai to usakA jJAnaguNa madirAjanya prabhAva se prabhAvita hotA pratyakSa dekhA jAtA hai / jaise mUta madirA amUtta jJAnaguNa ko prabhAvita kara detI hai| isI taraha mRtta karma amRta AtmA ko apane phala se prabhAvita kara dete haiN| jainadarzana anekAntavAdI hai| anekAnta kI dRSTi se AtmA amUta bhI hai aura mUta bhI / karmapravAha anAdikAlIna hone se saMsArI jIva anAdi kAla se karmaparamANuoM se Abaddha calA A rahA hai aura ve karmaparamANa svarNa para lage maila kI bhA~ti AtmA ko AcchAdita kiye hue haiM / isa kAraNa AtmA sarvathA amUrta ho nahIM hai| karmasambaddha hone ke kAraNa vaha kathaMcit mUta bhI hai| phalataH mUta karma kA mUta AtmA ko prabhAvita kara denA asvAbhAvika nahIM hai / ' saMsArI AtmA ke pratyeka Atma-pradeza para anAdikAla se anantAnanta karmavargaNA ke pudgala kArmaNazarIra ke rUpa meM sadA cipake rahate haiN| vAstava meM karmapudgaloM ke astitva meM hI naye karmoM kA grahaNa hotA hai| karmoM se pUrNa rUpa se mukta siddha bhagavAn ke kAmaNa zarIra nahIM hai / ataH unake karmoM kA bandha bhI nahIM hotaa| karma aura AtmA kA saMyoga kaba se, kaise ? - jainadarzana nizcayadaSTi se AtmA ko zuddha mAnatA hai| jaba AtmA 1 jamhA kammassa phalaM, visayaM phAsehiM bhujade NiyayaM / jIve suhaMdukkhaM, tamhA kammANi muttANi / mutto kAsadi muttaM, muto mutteNa baMdhamaNuhavadi / jIvo mutti virahido gAhidata tehiM uggahadi / / -paMcAstikAya 141-142
Page #480
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 156 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA zuddha hai, to usa para karma- kAlimA kaise laga sakatI thI ? yadi zuddha AtmA para bhI karmamala lage taba to siddha paramAtmA para bhI vaha laga sakatA hai ? parantu aisA nahIM hai / taba prazna uThatA hai ki AtmA ko karma kaise lage ? kaba lage ? binA kucha kiye hI karma aura AtmA kA saMyoga kaba se aura kaise 'huA ? yadi vizuddha AtmA ke akAraNa hI karma- maila lagane lagegA, taba to idhara karma - maila ko dhokara AtmA ko zuddha karane hetu tapa, japa, saMyama, dharma Adi kI sAdhanA kI jAegI, udhara se karma - raja cipaTatI jAegI / phira to karma aura AtmA kA yaha silasilA calatA hI rahegA / ' ? ' jaina siddhAntamarmajJoM ne aisI sthiti meM, karma pahale hai yA AtmA ? karma AtmA ke kaba se lage ? ityAdi uThane vAle praznoM para tarkasaMgata vicAra kiyA hai| unakA dRr3ha aura spaSTa mantavya hai ki karma aura AtmA ina donoM meM pahale pIche kA prazna ho nahIM uThatA / 'murgI pahale hai yA aNDA ina donoM meM jaise pahale-pIche kA prazna nahIM uThatA vaise hI karma aura AtmA ina donoM meM bhI pahale pIche kA koI prazna nahIM hai / AtmA ko pahale pIche mAnane para AtmA bhI utpanna - vinaSTa hone vAlA padArtha ho jAegA / kintu jaina darzana ne AtmA ko nitya, zAzvata mAnA hai / isI prakAra karma ko pahale mAnane para usakA astitva AtmA ke kie binA siddha hogA, jo asambhava hai / AtmA ko prathama mAnane para prazna uThegA, zuddha AtmA para karma kaise lage ? ataH karmasiddhAntamarmajJoM ne AtmA aura karma ko tathA AtmA evaM karma ke sambandha ko bhI anAdi mAnA hai / ' phira prazna uThatA hai ki yadi karma aura AtmA kA sambandha anAdi hai to vaha TUTegA kaise ? anAdikAlIna vastu aura usake anAdi sambandha kA to kabhI nAza nahIM ho sakatA / isa prazna kA samAdhAna yaha kiyA gayA hai-- ki vyaktirUpa se koI eka karma anAdi nahIM hai, kintu pravAharUpa se, samaSTi kI dRSTi se karma anAdi hai / purAne karma apanI-apanI sthiti pUrNa hone para AtmA se alaga hote jAte haiM aura naye-naye karma ba~dhate jAte haiM / purAne karmoM kA AtmA se agala hone kA nAma 'nirjarA' hai aura naye karmoM ke ba~dha jAne kA nAma 'bandha' hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki AtmA ke sAtha kisI eka karmavizeSa kA saMyoga 1 yathA'nAdiH sa jIvAtmA, yathA'nAdizca pudgalaH / dvayorbandho'pyanAdiH syAt sambandho jIvakarmaNoH // - paMcAdhyAyI 2 / 35
Page #481
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ karmavAda : eka mImAMsA | 157 anAdikAlIna nahIM, kintu bhinna-bhinna karmoM ke saMyoga kA pravAha anAdikAlIna hai / sAtha hI yaha bhI jAna lenA cAhie ki AtmA aura karma kA sambandha anAdi-ananta nahIM hai / jo sambandha anAdi-ananta hotA hai, use tor3A nahIM jA saktA; magara jo sambandha anAdi ho use to tor3A bhI jA sakatA hai / jaise sone aura miTTI kA sambandha' anAdi hone para bhI miTTI mile svarNa ko Aga meM tapAne - galAne para miTTI se sone kA sambandha TUTa jAtA hai, svarNa zuddha ho jAtA hai / vaise hI AtmA aura karma kA sambandha anAdi hone para bhI tapa, tyAga, saMyama kI sAdhanA se use tor3A jA sakatA hai / tArya yaha hai ki dUdha aura ghI yA sone aura miTTI kA anAdi sambandha prayatnavizeSa se tor3A jAtA hai, vaise hI karma aura AtmA kA anAdi sambandha bhI ratnatraya meM puruSArtha - vizeSa se tor3A jA sakatA hai / niSkarSa yaha hai - bandhakI apekSA jova aura pudgala (karma) abhinna haiM, kintu lakSaNa kI apekSA se bhinna haiM / balavAn kauna: karma yA AtmA ? AtmA ananta zaktimAna hai, parantu AtmA ke sAtha jaba karma ba~dha jAte haiM, taba karmoM kA vazavartI AtmA nAnA - gatiyoM - yoniyoM meM cakkara lagAtA hai, nAnA duHkha-sukha bhogatA hai / aisI sthiti meM prazna uThatA hai ki karma aura AtmA, ina donoM meM kauna balavAn hai aura kauna nirbala ? donoM dvandva meM AtmA vijayI hotA yA karma ? isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki bAhya daSTi se dekhane para to karma kI zakti prabala pratIta hotI hai, lekina antardRSTi se dekhA jAe to AtmA kI zakti hI prabala pratIta hogI / lohA pAnI se kaThora mAlUma hotA hai, lekina kaThora lohe ke sAtha pAnI kA barAbara saMyoga use jaMga lagAkara dhIre-dhIre kATa DAlatA hai / isI prakAra karmazakti Atmazakti se prabala pratIta hone bhI AtmA ke dvArA ugra tapa, tyAga, vairAgya aura saMyama kI tathA jJAna- darzana - cAritra ArAdhanA se prabala huI Atmazakti karmazakti ko parAsta kara detI hai / AtmA kI zakti ke Age karmazakti Tika nahIM sktii| agara karmazakti para Atmazakti kI jIta na mAnI jAe taba to tapa tyAga Adi kI sAdhanA kA koI artha nahIM raha jAtA / 1 dvayoranAdi sambandhaH kanakopalasannibhaH / 2 khavittA puvvakammAI saMjameNa taveNa ya / savvadukkhapahINaTThA pakkamaMti mahesi // - uttarAdhyayana 25/45
Page #482
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 158 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA karmoM para AtmA kI vijaya tabhI hotI hai, jaba jIva ko apanI Atmazakti kA pUrNa bhAna ho, AtmA meM yaha viveka jAga uThe ki yaha saba karmajAla merI apanI ajJAna - mohajanya bhUloM se phailA huA hai| agara maiM Atmabala aura sAhasa baTorakara ina karmoM ke sAtha jUjha pahU~ to inake chinnabhinna hote dera nahIM lagegI / parantu AtmA caitanyazakti kA dhAraka hote hue bhI para-padArthoM kA upabhoga karatA huA rAga-dva eSa ke kAraNa kisI ko sukharUpa aura kisI ko duHkharUpa mAnatA hai to isa rAgadveSa kI vRtti ke kAraNa jar3akarma AtmA para hAvI ho jAte haiM / ve AtmA ko vikArI banAkara parAdhIna kara dete haiM / karma ke do prakAra dha kI apekSA se karma ke do prakAra haiM- dravyakarma aura bhAvakarma | dravyakarma karmavargaNAoM kA sUkSma vikAra haiM, aura bhAvakarma svayaM AtmA ke rAgadveSAtmaka pariNAma haiM / dravyakarma se bhAvakarma kI aura bhAvakarma se dravyakarma kI utpatti hotI hai / vastutaH pUrvabaddha dravyakarma jaba apanA phala dete haiM, taba AtmA ke bhAvakarma - rAgadveSAtmaka pariNAma utpanna hote haiM / una pariNAmoM se punaH dravyakarma ba~dha jAte haiM / bIja se aMkura aura aMkura se bIja kI taraha inakA utpattikrama anAdikAla se calA A rahA hai / " karmoM kA kartA kauna, bhoktA kauna ? karmakatva evaM bhoktRtva ke viSaya meM dArzanikoM ke do mukhya mata haiM-(1) karma karane aura phala bhogane meM jIva svatantra nahIM, Izvara yA adRzya zakti ke adhIna hai, (2) manuSya karma karane meM to svatantra hai, parantu pUrvakRta azubha karma ke azubha phalabhoga ke nirAkaraNa yA usase bacane ke lie devIdevo ke samakSa yajJa yA stuti karake unheM prasanna karanA, tAki azubhaphala se baca sake / parantu ina donoM yuktiviruddha mantavyoM se AtmA ko svatantra kartRtvazakti kA hrAsa hotA hai, phalataH karmakSaya karane ke lie tapa tyAga Adi sAdhanA meM puruSArtha na karake ve vibhinna devI-deva yA adRzya zakti ke Age prArthanA yA minnateM karate haiM / parantu devI- deva yA adRzya Izvara kyA kisI jIva ke zubha-azubha karmoM ko badala sakate haiM ? kyA azubhakarmakartA ko 1 jIvaparipAkaheuM kammattA poggalA pariNamati / poggala - kammanimitaM jIvo vi taheva pariNamai / -- pravacanasAra vRtti pR0 455
Page #483
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ karmavAda : eka mImAMsA | 156 azubhaphalabhoga se bacA sakate ? yadi aisA ho jAya to saMsAra kI sampUrNa vyavasthA hI bhaMga ho jAya / ataH yaha nizcita hai ki apane kiye karmoM kA phala AtmA ko svayaM hI bhoganA par3atA hai / eka bAta aura hai- jainadarzana nizcaya aura vyavahAra donoM dRSTiyoM se kisI padArtha kA nirNaya karatA hai / vyavahAranaya kI dRSTi se to AtmA hI karmoM kA kartA mAnA jAtA hai, kyoMki vyavahAra meM AtmA kA kartRtva prakaTa hai / kintu vyavahAra meM AtmA karmoM kA kartA tabhI mAnA jA sakatA hai, jaba vaha kaSAya aura yoga ke vaza meM ho / jaba AtmA akaSAyI aura ayogI ho jAtA hai, taba karmoM kI apekSA se AtmA akartA mAnA jAtA hai / arthAt --- karmoM kA kartA' kaSAyAtmA aura yogAtmA hai, na ki dravyAtmA / dravyAtmA - siddha-mukta AtmA to apane svabhAva kA kartA hai, parabhAva (karma Adi) kA kartA nahIM / agara zuddha AtmA ko karma kA kartA mAnA jAegA to siddha bhagavAn kA AtmA bhI karma kA kartA hone lagegA, jabaki siddhAntAnusAra jaba jIva karmoM se sarvathA rahita ho jAtA hai, taba vaha kisI bhI prakAra se karmoM kA kartA -- utpAdaka nahIM ho sakatA / aura usa sthiti meM na akelA karmapudgala hI kartA ho sakatA hai, kyoMki vaha svayaM jar3a hai / ataH jIva aura karma-pudgala kA jaba taka saMyoga- sambandha rahatA hai, tabhI taka jIva ko vyavahAranaya kI dRSTi se karmoM kA kartA kahA jA sakatA hai| AtmA kartA hai yA karma kartA hai ? isa prazna ke uttara meM vyavahAranaya ke anusAra to AtmA hI karma kA kartA siddha hotA hai, kintu nizcayanayAnusAra karma hI karma kA kartA siddha hotA hai / yadi saba prakAra se AtmA ko hI kartA mAnA jAegA to usakA paraguNakartA svabhAva nitya evaM zAzvata siddha ho jAegA / paraguNakartA svabhAva nitya siddha ho jAne para siddha- AtmAoM ko bhI karmakartA mAnanA par3egA / yadi aisA hI mAnA jAegA to AtmA ke sAtha karmoM kA tAdAtmya sambandha siddha ho jAegA / phira koI bhI AtmA kabhI bhI karmoM se mukta nahIM ho sakegA / parantu aisA mAnanA siddhAntaviruddha hai | ataeva yaha nirvivAda siddha hai ki AtmapradezoM ke sAtha jaba taka pudgalakarmoM kA sambandha hai, tabhI taka AtmA meM karma Ate haiM, karmoM se AtmapradezoM 1 appA kattA vikattAya duhANa suhANa ya / -uttarA0
Page #484
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 160 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA ke sarvathA pRthak hote hI phira AtmA meM karma nahIM A sakate / ataH jainadarzana kA spaSTa mantavya hai ki vyavahAranaya kI dRSTi se karmoM kA kartA aura bhoktA svayaM AtmA hI hai| svakRtakarmoM ke anusAra hI jIva ko karmaphala milatA hai, jise use avazya bhoganA par3atA hai| sUtrakRtAMgasUtra, uttarAdhyayana Adi AgamoM meM tathA vedAnta darzana Adi meM isI siddhAnta kA samarthana kiyA gayA hai| jIva karmAdhIna yA karma jIvAdhIna ? pUrvokta siddhAnta ko svIkAra kara lene para yaha prazna hotA hai kyA jIva karmoM ke adhIna hai ? yA karma jIva ke adhIna hai ? isakA samAdhAna anekAntadRSTi se diyA jAtA hai| eka dRSTi se AtmA jaise karma karane meM svatantra hai, vaise hI karmoM kA kSaya karane, Ate hue karmoM ko rokane, azubha karmoM ko zubha meM pariNata karane, tathA dIrghakAlIna sthiti vAle karmoM ko alpakAlIna sthiti vAle banAne meM svatantra hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki kAla Adi labdhiyoM kI anukUlatA ho, tathA azubha karma kA nikAcita bandha na huA ho to jIva karmI ko pachAr3a bhI sakatA hai, tathA nikAcita bandha ho to bhI azubhaphala bhogate samaya rAgadvaSakaSAyAdi na karake samabhAva, sahiSNutA, zAnti aura dhairya to ve karma bhI apanA phala dekara samApta ho jAte haiM / usa AtmA para hAvI nahIM ho sakate / isa dRSTi se karma kA kartA jaise AtmA hai, vaise bhoktA bhI vahI hai| karma karanA bhI usake adhIna hai, phala bhoganA bhI hai| eka ke badale dUsarA kamaphala nahIM bhoga sakatA, na hI karmaphalasvarUpa Ane vAle sukha-duHkha ko koI bAMTa sakatA hai|' dUsarI dRSTi se dekheM to rAgadveSa se adhika lipta AtmA karmaphala bhogate samaya paratantra (karmAdhIna) ho jAtA hai| jaise vyakti vRkSa para svatantratA se car3ha jAtA hai, parantu pramAdavaza girate samaya vaha sambhala nahIM pAtA, 1 (ka) savve sayakamma kappiyA / 'sakammuNA vippariyAsamuvei / 'sayameva kaDehi gAhai, no tassa muccejja'puThThayaM / ' 'ego sayaM paccaNu hoi dukkhe / ' -sUtra kR0 1 / 2 / 3 / 18, 17 / 11, 1 / 2 / 1 / 4, 15 / 2 / 22 (kha) kattAramevANujAi kammaM / -uttarA013123 (ga) vedAntadarzana- 'svayaM karma karotyAtmA'
Page #485
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ karmavAda : eka mImAMsA | 161 paratantra ho jAtA hai; athavA viSa yA madya kA sevana karate samaya to vyakti svatantra hotA hai kintu mUcchita evaM unmatta ho jAne para paratantra ho jAtA hai| isI prakAra nikAcita karmoM kA phala bhogate samaya jIva karmAdhIna (paratantra) ho jAtA hai| kabhI-kabhI karmoM kI bahulatA se jIva daba jAtA hai| ataH donoM dRSTiyoM se vicAra karake yaho mAnanA ucita hai ki kahIM jIva karmAdhIna hai aura kahIM karma jIvAdhIna hai| vastutaH phala kI dRSTi se karma do prakAra kA hai-sopakrama, nirupakrama / jo karma prayatna karane para zAnta ho jAe, vaha sopakramarUpa karma hai, aura jo prayatna karane para bhI nahIM TalatA, bandha ke anusAra hI phala detA hai, vaha nirUpakramarUpa karma hai| inheM hI kramazaH dalikakarma aura nikAcitakarma kahA jA sakatA hai| ina donoM prakAra ke karmoM kI apekSA pUrvokta donoM tathya phalita hote haiM--prayatna karane para karma jIva ke adhIna ho sakate haiM, anyathA jIva karmAdhIna ho jAtA hai|' karma-bandha ke hetu aura prakAra pahale kahA jA cukA hai ki jIva ke rAga-dvaSAdi pariNAmoM ke nimitta se AkRSTa hokara dravyakarma AtmA ke sAtha dUdha-pAnI kI taraha ghula-mila jAte haiM, baMdha jAte haiN| isa prakAra pravAharUpa se saMsArI jIva anAdikAla se anantaananta bandhanoM meM ba~dhe cale A rahe haiN| ye zarIra, dhana, aizvarya, parivAra Adi saba usI zubhAzubha karmabandha ke pariNAma haiN| kaI loga yaha zaMkA uThAyA karate haiM ki zarIra, makAna, dhana, parivAra Adi saba bandhana haiM; kyA sacamuca ye bandhana haiM ? kyA ye AtmA ko bA~dhate haiM ? athavA kevala kama hI AtmA ko bA~dhate haiM ? __isakA samAdhAna zAstroM meM isa prakAra diyA gayA hai-karma ke do rUpa haiM ... karma aura nokarma / nokarma yAnI ISat--(choTA) karma / nokarma karma ke phala ke rUpa meM dRSTigocara hotA hai / jaise--zarIra, parivAra, dhana, sAdhana Adi saba nokarma haiN| prajJApanAsUtra meM nokarma ko karmavipAka kI sahAyaka sAmagrI batAyA gayA hai| nokarma bhI do prakAra hote haiM-baddhanokarma aura abaddhanokarma / jo dUdha 1 (ka) vizeSAvazyakabhASya vR0 1, 3 (kha) gaNadharavAda 2 / 25, (ga) vipAkasUtra a0 3. sU0 20 TIkA /
Page #486
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 162 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA pAnI kI taraha eka dUsare ke sAtha paraspara mile yA ba~dhe hue haiM, ve baddhanokarma haiN| jaise-jIva jaba taka mukta nahIM ho jAtA taba taka saMsArIdazA meM pratyeka bhava meM, yahA~ taka ki vigrahagati meM bhI (taijasa-kArmaNa ke rUpa meM) zarIra AtmA ke sAtha nirantara lagA hI rahatA hai| ataH zarIra baddhanokarma hai| kintu makAna, dhana Adi hara samaya, hara kSetra meM AtmA ke sAtha nizcitarUpa se nahIM rahate / isalie ve abaddha-nokarma haiN| ataH jainadarzana mAnatA hai ki nokarma, cAhe baddha hoM yA abaddha apane Apa meM AtmA ke lie bandhanakartA nahIM hote| kintu inhIM ko sukha-duHkharUpa yA ina para rAga-dveSa karane se ye karmabandha ke kAraNa banate haiN| isIlie zAstra meM rAga-dveSa ko hI karmabandha kA bIja batAyA gayA hai| niSkarSa yaha hai ki bandhana aura mukti kI kSamatA padArthoM meM nahIM hotI, vaha to AtmA kI pariNati (bhAva) meM hI hotI hai / AtmA ko zuddha pariNati bandhanarUpa nahIM, azuddha pariNati hI bandhanakAraka hotI hai| __ AtmA ke sAtha svayaM apane Apa karma nahIM bNdhtaa| taba vaha kaise bandharUpa hotA hai ? isa sambandha meM jainadarzana kahatA hai-samagra loka meM kArmaNavargaNA ke pudgala vyApta haiN| ve pudgala apane Apa meM karma nahIM haiM, kintu unameM karma hone kI yogyatA hai| jyoM hI prANI ke antar meM rAga yA dvaSa ke bhAva uThate haiM tyoM hI ve AtmakSetrAvagAhI kArmaNavargaNA ke pudgala karmarUpa meM pariNata ho jAte haiM aura kArmaNa nAma ke sUkSma zarIra ke mAdhyama se AtmA ke sAtha baddha ho jAte haiN| jaba taka AtmA meM mohakama kA udaya aura rAga-dvaSarUpa vaibhAvika pariNati rahatI hai, taba taka prati samaya karmabandha hotA hai| phira phala bhog| phalabhoga ke samaya rAga-dvaSAdi vibhAva jAge to phira karmabandha, phira phalabhoga; yaha karmacakra anAdikAla se calA ArahA hai / ____ karmabandha ke mukhya kAraNa rAga-dvaSa haiN|' tattvArthasUtra meM mithyAdarzana, avirati, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga-ye pAMca karmabandha ke kAraNa batAe gae haiM / saMkSepa meM, kaSAya aura yoga ina do kAraNoM meM inheM samAviSTa kara sakate haiN| eka zabda meM kahanA cAheM to kriyA se karma hote yA Ate haiN| AtmA kI zubhAzubha vRttiyA~, mana-vacana-kAyA kI pravRttiyA~ (yoga) athavA ceSTAe~ 1 'rAgo ya doso vi ya kammabIyaM / ' 2 mithyAdarzanAviratipramAdakaSAyayogA bancha hetavaH / - uttarA0 327 - tattvArthasUtra 8 / 1
Page #487
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ karmavAda : eka mImAMsA ] 163 kriyA haiM / vastutaH kriyA se karmoM kA Agamana (Asrava) hotA hai, bandha nhiiN| bandha Atma-pradezoM ke sAtha) tabhI hotA hai, jaba yogoM (kriyAoM) ke sAtha kaSAya yA rAga-dveSAtmaka pariNAma hote haiN| dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM to rAgadvaSAtmaka kriyA se karmabandhana hotA hai| vizeSAvazyakabhASya meM eka rUpaka dvArA batAyA gayA hai ki jisa vyakti ke pariNAmoM meM rAga-dvaSa yA kaSAyabhAva kI snigdhatA (cikanAhaTa) hogI, vahIM karma raja cipakegI, karmabandha hogA; jisake pariNAmoM meM rAga-dveSa yA kaSAyabhAva kI snigdhatA nahIM hogI, vahA~ karmaraja nahIM cipakegI, karmabandha nahIM hogaa| ___ bandha ke prakAra-zAstroM meM dravyakarmabandha kA kramazaH cAra bhedoM meM vargIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai- (1) prakRtibandha, (2) sthitibandha, (3) anubhAga (anubhAva) bandha aura (4) pradezabandha / ina cAroM kA svarUpa bandhatattva ke prakaraNa meM batAyA gayA hai| bandha ke cAroM prakAra eka sAtha hI hote haiN| karma kI vyavasthA ke ye cAroM pradhAna aMga haiN| Atma-pradezoM ke karmapudgaloM ke AzleSa yA ekIbhAva kI dRSTi se pradezabandha sarvaprathama hai| isake hote hI unameM svabhAva-nirmANa, kAlamaryAdA aura phalazakti kA nirmANa ho jAtA hai| ___ prakRtibandha aura pradezabandha, ye donoM bandha jIva ke yogoM se hone vAle spandana evaM pravRtti se hote haiM, jabaki sthitibandha aura anubhAgabandha pravRtti ke sAtha kaSAyAtmaka pariNAmoM se hote haiN| bandha ke samaya AtmA aura karma kA saMyoga yA karma kA vyavasthAkaraNa hotA hai| grahaNa ke samaya karmapudgala avibhakta hote haiM, grahaNa ke pazcAt jaba ve AtmapradezoM ke sAtha ekIbhUta hote haiM, taba pradezabandha (ekIbhAvavyavasthAkaraNa) hotA hai|' karma kI mUla prakRtiyA~ aura unake kArya karmavargaNA ke pudgala paramANa kAryabheda ke anusAra 8 bhAgoM meM vibhakta hote haiN| ise prakRtibandha, kahate haiN| isake dvArA karmoM ke vibhinna svabhAvoM kA nirmANa hotA hai| kama kI mUla prakRtiyA~ ATha haiM-(1) jJAnAvaraNIya, (2) darzanAvaraNIya, (3) vedanIya, (4) mohanIya, (5) AyuSya, (6) nAmakarma, (7) gotrakarma aura, (8) antarAya / 1 prakRtisthityanubhAva-pradezAstavidhayaH / -tattvArtha0 a0 8 / 4
Page #488
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 164 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA jaba koI karma kiyA jAtA hai to usa karma ke paramANu ATha bhAgoM meM vibhakta ho jAte haiN| jisa prakAra muha meM bhojana kA eka kaura DAlane para vaha zarIragata sapta dhAtuoM meM pariNata ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra eka karma ke karane para vaha mUlaprakRtiyoM yA unakI uttaraprakRtiyoM ke rUpa meM pariNata ho jAtA hai| ina ATha mUlaprakRtiyoM meM se cAra mUlaprakRtiyA~ (karmapudgala vargaNAe~) ghAtya yA ghAtika kahalAtI haiM aura cAra aghAtya yA aghAtika / ghAtyadharma ve kahalAte haiM; jo cetanA--AtmaguNa aura Atmazakti ke Avaraka, vikAraka aura pratirodhaka haiN| cAra ghAtyakarma ye haiM-jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa, mohanIya aura antraay| cetanA ke do rUpa haiM-jJAna (jAnanA yA vastusvarUpa kA vimarza karanA) aura darzana (sAkSAt karanA yA vastu kA svarUpa grahaNa karanA) / jJAna aura darzana ke Avaraka karma (kamapudgala) kramazaH jJAnAvaraNa aura darzanAvaraNa kahalAte haiN| AtmA ko vikRta banAne vAle karma kI saMjJA mohanIya hai aura Atmazakti kA pratirodha karane vAlA karma antarAya hai / ina cAroM ghAtya karmoM kA lakSaNa isa prakAra hai (1) jJAnAvaraNIyakarma-zuddha AtmA sarvajJatvaguNa-yukta hai / parantu jJAnAvaraNIya karma AtmA ke sarvajJatvaguNa ko AvRta-acchAdita kara detA hai / saMkSepa meM, jo AtmA kI jJAnazakti kA nirodha karatA hai vaha jJAnAvaraNIya karma hai| (2) darzanAvaraNIyakama-sarvajJatvaguNa kI taraha zuddha AtmA kA sarvadarzitva guNa bhI hai kintu darzanAvaraNIyakarma AtmA ke ukta guNa ko AcchAdita kara detA hai / saMkSepa meM, jo AtmA kI darzanazakti ko AcchAdita kara detA hai, vaha darzanAvaraNIya karma hai| (3) mohanIyakarma-jisa karma ke prabhAva se AtmA apane samyagbhAva yA sva-svarUpa ko bhUlakara kevala mithyA (viparIta) bhAva yA parabhAva meM hI nimagna rahe, use mohanIya karma kahate haiN| madirA pIkara unmatta banA huA manuSya yathArtha vastusvarUpa kA cintana, kathana aura vyavahAra (pravRtti) nahIM kara sakatA, vaise hI mohanIya karma ke vazIbhUta jIva samyagdarzana, samyacintana evaM samyakaAcaraNa se
Page #489
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ karmavAda : eka mImAMsA | 165 vimukha hokara mithyAdarzana, mithyAcintana evaM mithyA - AcaraNa meM pravRtta rahatA hai | inake vyakta aura avyakta, ye do-do rUpa haiM / (4) antarAyakarma - jisa karma ke kAraNa AtmA kI dAna, lAbha, bhoga, upabhoga aura vIrya ( puruSArtha) kI zakti meM vighna-bAdhAe~ yA rukAvaTeM Ae~, padArtha pAsa meM hote hue bhI unakA bhoga, upabhoga tathA dAna na diyA jA sake, yA jina padArthoM ke milane kI AzA ho, ve na mila sakeM, usakA nAma antarAyakarma hai / adhAtyakarma (aghAtIkarma) ve kahalAte haiM, jo AtmA ke nijaguNoM yA Atma-zaktiyoM ko AghAta na pahu~cA sakeM, pratirodha na kara sakeM, kintu vizeSataH zarIra yA isa janma se sambandhita hoM / ghAtyakarmoM ke kSaya ke lie AtmA ko tIvra prayatna karanA hotA hai / ye cAroM karma azubha ho hote haiM / inake AMzika kSaya yA upazama se AtmA kA svarUpa AMzikarUpa meM prakaTa hotA hai, pUrNakSaya se pUrNarUpa meM / aghAtyakarma zubha aura azubha donoM prakAra ke hote haiN| ye cAra haiM - vedanIya, AyuSya, nAma aura gotra / ye zubhakarma iSTasaMyoga ke aura azubhakarma aniSTasaMyoga ke nimitta banate haiM / ina donoM kA saMgama hI saMsAra hai / zubhakarma puNya ke dyotaka haiM, azubha pApa ke / puNya sukha-suvidhA Adi kA nimitta bana sakatA hai, lekina usase AtmA kI mukti nahIM hotI / mukti puNya-pApa donoM ke kSaya se hotI hai / cAroM aghAtya karmoM ke lakSaNa isa prakAra haiM (1) veda - jisa karma ke prabhAva se AtmA nijAnanda ko bhUlakara kevala sAMsArika sukharUpa (puNya) yA duHkharUpa (pApa) phala ko bhogatA hai, puNya-pApa ke phaloM kA anubhava karatA hai, use vedanIya kahate haiM / vedanIya karma ke do prakAra haiM- sAtAvedanIya aura asAtAvedanIya / ye kramazaH sAMsArika sukhAnubhUti aura duHkhAnubhUti ke nimitta banate haiM / inakA kSaya ho jAne para AtmA kA ayAbAdha guNa pragaTa ho jAtA hai / (2) nAmakarma - jisake prabhAva se jIva zubha yA azubha zarIra kI racanA, prabhAva Adi prApta karatA hai, use nAmakarma kahate haiM / isake mukhya do prakAra haiM- zubha aura ashubh| zubhanAma ke udaya se vyakti sundara, Adeya - vacana, yazasvI aura prabhAvazAlI vyaktitva vAlA hotA hai aura azubhanAma ke udaya se isake viparIta hotA hai / ina donoM ke kSaya hone para AtmA apane amUrti (sva) bhAva meM sthita ho jAtA hai / (3) gotrakarma - jisa karma ke dvArA jAti, kula Adi kI uccatA
Page #490
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 166 / jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA nimnatA pratIta hotI hai, use gotrakarma kahate haiM / gotrakarma ke bhI do prakAra haiM-uccagotra, nIcagotra / ye kramazaH uccatA-nIcatA, sammAna aura asammAna ke nimitta banate haiM / inake kSaya se AtmAM agurulaghu (pUrNa sama) bana jAtA hai| (4) AyuSyakarma-isa karma dvArA AtmA cAroM gatiyoM meM sthiti karatA hai, amuka kAla taka TikA rahatA hai / isake bhI do prakAra haiM-zubhAyu aura azubhAyu / vaise cAra gatiyoM meM se manuSyAyu aura devAyu, ye do zubha haiM, tiryaJcAyu aura narakAyu ye do azubha haiM / ye kramazaH sukhI jIvana aura duHkhI jIvana ke nimitta banate haiN| inake kSaya se AtmA ajara amara aura ajanmA banatA hai| ye cAroM aghAtya karma bhavopagrAhI haiN| inakA viyoga mukti ke samaya eka sAtha hotA hai| AThoM karmoM kA bandha kaba ? jIva AyuSyakarma apanI Ayu ke do-tihAI bhAga bIta jAne para bAMdhate haiM / ataH AyuSyakarma ke sivAya zeSa sAtoM hI karma pratisamaya nirantara bAMdhe jAte haiM / deva aura nAraka apanI chaha mAsa Ayu zeSa rahatI hai, tabhI paraloka kA AyuSya bA~dhate haiM / manuSyoM aura tiryaJcoM kI Ayu ke sopakrama aura nirupakrama Adi aneka bheda haiN| parantu yaha nirvivAda hai ki AyuSyakarma ke bAMdhe binA koI bhI jIva paraloka kI yAtrA nahIM kara sakatA arthAt mRtyu se pahale agale bhava kA AyuSya avazya baMdha jAtA hai| karmabandha kI prakriyA aura kAraNa karma AtmA kA guNa nahIM hai / jo jisakA guNa hotA hai, vaha usakA vighAtaka nahIM ho sktaa| karma AtmA ke lie AvaraNa, pArataMtrya, duHkha ke hetu aura guNoM vighAtaka haiN| AtmA meM anantavIrya (sAmarthya) hotA hai, jise labdhivIrya (zuddha Atmika sAmarthya) kahate haiM, usakA Avaraka, vighAtaka, nirodhaka yA pAratantryaprApaka karma taba banatA hai, jaba AtmA ke sAtha zarIra ho / AtmA aura zarIra, ina donoM ke saMyoga se jo sAmarthya paidA hotA hai, use karaNavIrya kahate haiM / jise hama kriyAtmaka zakti kahate haiN| isake dvArA jIva meM bhAvanAtmaka gUr3ha caitanya prerita kriyAtmaka kampana hotA hai| phira isake dvArA vizeSa sthiti kA nirmANa hotA hai| zarIra kI Antarika vargaNA dvArA nirmita kampana meM bAharI paudgalika dhArAe~ milakara pArasparika kriyApratikriyA dvArA parivartana karatI rahatI hai| kriyAtmaka zakti-janita kampana
Page #491
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ karmavAda : eka mImAMsA | 167 dvArA AtmA aura qarmaparamANuoM kA saMyoga hotA hai / isa prakriyA ko Asrava kahate haiM / Asrava ke dvArA bAharI karma paudgalika dhArAe~ zarIra meM AtI haiM / phira AtmA ke sAtha sampRkta karmayogya paramANu karmarUpa meM pariNata hote haiM, jise bandha kahate haiM, vaha AtA hai / karmaparamANuoM ke AtmA se viyoga ko nirjarA kahate haiM / nirjarA ke dvArA karmapudgala dhArAe~ phira zarIra ke bAhara calI jAtI haiM / isa prakAra karmapudgala -paramANuoM ke zarIra meM Ane aura punaH cale jAne ke bIca kI dazA ko bandha kahA jAtA hai / zubha aura azubha pariNAma AtmA kI kriyAzakti ( karaNavIrya ) ke pravAha haiM jo nirantara rahate haiM / ina donoM meM koI na koI eka pariNAma to prati samaya avazya hI rahatA hai / zubhapariNati ke samaya zubha aura azubha pariNati ke samaya azubha karmaparamANuoM kA AkarSaNa hotA hai / bandha ke niyama akarma ke karma kA bandha nahIM hotA / pUrvakarma se baddha jIva hI naye karmoM kA bandha karatA hai / mohakarma ke udaya se jIva rAgadveSa se pariNata hotA hai, tabhI azubhakarmoM kA bandha karatA hai / moharahita pravRtti karate samaya jIva zarIranAmakarma ke udaya se zubhakarma kA bandha karatA hai / pahale badhA huA hI badhatA hai, abaddha nahIM; yA naye sire se nahIM / yadi yaha niyama na ho to mukta (abaddha) jIva bhI karmabandha se ba~dha jAe~ge / ' karmabandha kaise, kisa krama se ? bhagavatIsUtra meM eka saMvAda zrI gautama svAmI aura bhagavAn mahAvIra kA hai jo isa prakAra hai - zrI gautama svAmI bhagavAn mahAvIra se pUchate haiMbhante ! jIva ATha karmaprakRtiyoM ko kaise bAMdhatA hai ? bhagavAn - gautama ! jJAnAvaraNIya karma ke tIvra udaya se jIva darzanAvaraNIya karma kA (tIvra) bandha karatA hai / darzanAvaraNIya karma ke tIvra udaya se darzanamohanIya kA tIvra adhyavasAya (bandha ) hotA hai tathA darzanamohana ya karma ke tIvra udaya se jIva mithyAtva ko apanAtA hai ataH mithyAtva ke udaya se jIva AThoM hI prakAra kI karma prakRtiyoM ko bAMdhatA hai | " 1 prajJApanA, pada 23 / 1 / 262 2 kahaM NaM bhaMte ! jIvA aTThakammapagaDIo baMdhai ? goyamA ! nANAvara Nijjassa kammassa udaeNaM darisaNAvaraNijjaM kammaM niyacchai, (kramazaH)
Page #492
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 168 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaTo kalikA - isa satrapATha se siddha hai ki jaba AtmA AThoM karmoM kI prakRtiyoM ko * bAMdhane lagatA hai, taba sarvaprathama jJAnAvaraNakarma kA udaya hotA hai| tatpazcAt vaha yathAkrama se AThoM karmoM kI prakRtiyoM kA bandha kara letA hai| AThoM karmoM ke bandha ke kAraNa pahale samuccayarUpa meM karmabandha ke kAraNa batAe gae the| aba AThoM hI karmoM ke pRthak-pRthak bandha ke kAraNoM para vicAra kara lenA Avazyaka hai / bhagavatIsUtra zataka 8 uddezaka 6 meM isa viSaya meM vistRta carcA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra se gaNadhara gautama ne prazna kiye haiN| bhagavAna ne unakA samAdhAna kiyA hai| jisakA sAra isa prakAra hai jJAnAvaraNIyakarmabandha ke kAraNa-AThoM karmoM meM sarvaprathama jJAnAvaraNIya karma hai / mukhyatayA ajJAna ke kAraNa hI jJAnAvaraNIya karma baMdhatA hai| parantu jJAnI puruSoM ne jJAnAvaraNoya karmabandha ke kAraNoM kA vizleSaNa karate hae 6 kAraNa batAeM haiM (1) jJAna athavA jJAnI ke prati pratikUlatA se, yA inakA virodha karane se| (2) jJAna yA jJAnI (zrutajJAna yA zrutaguru) kA nAma yA svarUpa chipAne se arthAt-merI apekSA usakI mahattA yA kIrti bar3ha jAegI, isa kuvicAra se sIkhe hue zrutajJAna kA yA zrutajJAnI guru kA nAma na btlaanaa| (3) zrutajJAna par3hane vAloM ke mArga meM ror3e aTakAne se, vighna DAlane se| (4) jJAna yA jJAnI puruSoM se dvaSa karane se| (5) jJAna athavA jJAnI puruSoM kI nindA-AzAtanA karane se, tathA (6) jJAna athavA jJAnavAn AtmAoM ke sambandha meM doSa, visaMvAda (doSa prakaTa) karane se yA unake sAtha vivAda karane se / jaise-jJAna par3hane se loga zithilAcArI bana jAte haiM, saMsAra ke saba jhagar3oM ke mUla ye jJAnI haiM, ataH zrutajJAna kA abhyAsa na karanA hI zreyaskara hai / isa prakAra kI bhAvanA rakhanA bhI jJAnAvaraNIya karmabandha kA kAraNa hai| darisaNAvaraNijjassa kammassa udaeNaM dasaNamohaNijjaM niyacchA; daMsaNamohaNijjassa kammassa udaeNaM micchattaM Niyacchai; micchatteNaM udiNNaNaM goyamA ! evaM khalu jIve aTThakammapagaDIo bNdhi| -prajJApanA satra pada 23, u0 1
Page #493
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ karmavAda : eka mImAMsA | 166 ina kAraNoM se jJAnAvaraNIya karma kA bandha hotA hai aura manuSya jJAna - samyagjJAna se vaMcita rahatA hai / darzanAvaraNIya karmabandha ke kAraNa - darzanAvaraNIya karmabandha ke bhI 6 kAraNa mAne gaye haiM / mukhya kAraNa to darzanAvaraNIya kArmaNa zarIra prayoga nAmaka karma kA udaya hai, kintu vistRta rUpa se samajhane ke lie 6 kAraNa batAe gae haiN| yathA (1) darzana yA darzanavAn ke prati pratikUlatA (matsaratA yA IrSyA) se / (2) darzana yA darzanavAn ke nAma yA svarUpa kA apalApa karane - chipAne se (3) darzanAbhyAsa meM antarAya DAlane se / (4) darzana aura darzanavAn ke prati dveSa rakhane se / (5) darzana yA darzanavAn kI AzAtanA -avajJA karane se, aura (6) darzana aura darzanavAn ke sAtha visaMvAda ( vyartha kA vivAda ) karane se / ina kAraNoM se darzanAvaraNIya karma kA bandha hotA hai / sAtAvedanIya karmabandha ke kAraNa -- jisa karma ke udaya se jIva ko sukha kI prApti hotI hai, vaha sAtAvedanIya karma hai / sAtAvedanIya karmabandha ke zAstrakAroM ne 10 kAraNa batAe haiM, yathA (1) prANoM (dvIndriya, trIndriya evaM caturindriya jIvoM) kI anukampA karane se (2) bhUtoM (vanaspatikAyika jIvoM) kI anukampA karane se / (3) jIvoM (paMcendriya prANiyoM) kI anukampA karane se / (4) sattvoM (pRthvIkAya, apkAya, tejaskAya aura vAyukAya ke jIvoM) kI anukampA karane se / (5) ukta sabhI prakAra ke jIvoM ko duHkha na dene se / (6) ukta jIvoM meM zoka ( cintA yA dInatA) paidA na karane se / (7) unheM nahIM jhurAne ( rulAne yA vilApa karAne) se / (8) unheM azrupAta na karAne yA vedanA na dene se / (e) unheM na pITane se aura (10) unheM kisI prakAra kA paritApa na pahu~cAne se / ina dasa kAraNoM se jIva sAtAvedanIya karma bAMdhatA hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki sAtAvedanIya karma prANiyoM ko sukha-zAnti dene se bAMdhA jAtA hai, jisake phalasvarUpa jIva saMsAra meM laukika sukha kA anubhava karatA hai /
Page #494
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 170 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA asAtAvedanIya kamabandha ke kAraNa-jisa prakAra jIvoM ko sukha dene se sAtAvedanIya karmabandha hotA hai, ThIka isake viparIta asAtAvedanIya karma kA bandha jIvoM ko duHkhI, pIr3ita karane se hotA hai / asAtAvedanIya karmabandha ke bhI dasa prakAra haiM, yathA (1-4) prANa, bhUta, jIva aura sattvoM kI anukampA na karane se / . (5) dUsaroM ko duHkha dene se / / (6) dUsaroM ko zoka karAne se / (7) dUsaroM ko jhurAne-kalapAne se| (8) dUsaroM se azrupAta karAne aura pIr3A dene se| (6) dUsaroM ko mArane-pITane se, aura (10) dUsaroM ko santApa dene se / ina dasa kAraNoM se jova asAtAvedanIya karma kA bandha karatA hai| mohanIya karmabandha ke kAraNa-jisa karma ke udaya se AtmA apane svarUpa ke bhAna se, dharmamArga se evaM samyaktva se vimukha rahe, sadaiva paudgalika sukhabhogoM kI vAMchA karatA rahe, vibhAva pariNati meM rata rahe, aise mohotpAdaka mohanIya karma kA bandha nimnalikhita kAraNoM se hotA hai (1) tIvra krodha se, (2) tIna mAna se, (3) tIvra mAyA se, (4) tIvra lobha se, (5) tIvra darzanamohanIya se aura (6) tova cAritramohanIya se| ina chaha kAraNoM se jIva ko mohanIyakArmaNa zarIra prayoga bandha hotA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki tIvratApUrNa cAroM kaSAya, darzana tathA cAritra meM mUr3ha hone se mohanIya karma kA bandha ho jAtA hai, jisakA kaTu phala jIva ko ukta prakAra se bhoganA par3atA hai| vaha saddharmAcaraNa, samyagdarzana evaM tyAga, tapa, vrata-pratyAkhyAna se sadaiva vimukha rahakara utkaTa bhogalipsu banA rahatA hai| laukika evaM pAralaukika svargAdi ke sukha kI vAMchA karatA rahatA hai| ___ narakAyuSyakarmabandha kA kAraNa-vaise to jina-jina kukRtyoM yA pApoM se jIva ko narakAyuSyakarma ke bandha ke batAe gae haiM, unakA sevana karane se narakAyu kA bandha hotA hai| parantu vizeSarUpa se narakAyuSyakarmabandha ke cAra kAraNa haiM- . (1) mahArambha (mahAhiMsA) karane se, (2) mahAparigraha kI lAlasA se, (3) mAMsAhAra yA mRtaka-bhakSaNa meM aura (4) paMcendriya jIvoM ke vadha se jIva
Page #495
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ karmavAda : eka mImAMsA | 171 naraka ke kArmaNa zarIra ko upArjita karatA hai / arthAt - ina cAra kAraNoM se jova ko marakara naraka meM utpanna honA par3atA hai / ' tiryaJcAyuNyakarmabandha ke kAraNa - jina-jina kukRtyoM se jova tiryaJcAya karma ko bAMdhatA hai, ve nAnA prakAra kI chala, dambha, kapaTa Adi kriyAe~ haiM / yathA - (1) paravaMcana ( Thagane) kI buddhi se, vaMcana (dhokhA dene) ceSTAoM se, (2) mAyA ko chipAne se -kapaTa kriyA karane se, (3) jhUTha bolane se, (4) jhUThA taula nApa karane se, jIva ko tiryaJcayonika - AyuSyakArmaNazarIra kA bandha hotA hai / manuSyAkarmabandha ke kAraNa -- jinake kAraNa jIva manuSyagati meM manuSya banakara jItA hai, usa manuSyAyu-karma-bandha ke cAra kAraNa haiM - ( 1 ) prakRtibhadratA ( sarala svabhAva) se, (2) prakRti kI vinItatA se ( vinIta svabhAva vAlA hone se ), (3) dayAvAna hone se aura (4) matsara - IrSyAbhAva na rakhane se / devAyuSyakabandha ke kAraNa - jina kAraNoM se jIva devAyu kA bandha karatA hai, ve cAra kAraNa haiM - ( 1 ) rAgapUrvaka sAdhudharma ke pAlana se (2) gRhasthadharma ke pAlana se, (3) akAmanirjarA se tathA ( 4 ) bAlatapaM ( ajJAnapUrvaka kAya - klezAdi - tapa) karane se / ina cAra kAraNoM se jIva devatA kA AyuSyakarma bAMdhatA hai| zubhanAmakarmabandha ke kAraNa - nAmakarma ke do prakAra haiM- zubhanAmakarma aura azubhanAmakarma | zubhanAmakarma kA bandha cAra kAraNoM se hotA hai- (1) kAyA kI RjutA (zarIra dvArA kisI ke sAtha chala na karane) se, (2) bhAva kI RjutA (mana meM chalapakaTa kA bhAva na rakhane) se, (3) bhASA kI RjutA 1 nerayAuya kammAsarIrappayoga baMdhe NaM bhaMte ! pucchA ? goyamA ! mahAraMbhayAe mahApariggahayAe kuNimAhAreNaM paMcediyavaheNaM neraiyAuyakammAsarI rapayoga nAmAe kammassa udaeNaM neraiyA uya kammasarIra jAvApayoga baMdhe / tirikkhajoNiyAuya kammAsarIrappayoga pucchA ? goyamA ? mAilliyAe, niyaDillayAe, aliyavayaNeNaM, kUDatulakUDamANeNaM tirikkhajoNiyAuya kammAsarIra jAvappayogabaMdha | - bhagavatI sUtra za08, u06 2 3 maNussa AuyakammAsarIra pucchA ? gomA ! pagaibhaddayA, pagai viNIyayAe, sANukkosayAe, amacchariyAe maNussAuyakammA jAvappayoga baMdhe / - bhagavatIsUtra za08, u0
Page #496
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 172 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA (chalakapaTayukta bhASA na bolane) se, aura (4) avisaMvAdanayoga (mana-vacanakAyA ke yogoM meM ekarUpatA-avakratA dhAraNA karane) se / tAtparya yaha hai ki mana, vacana, kAyA ko saralatA dhAraNa karane se AtmA zubhanAmakarma kA upArjana kara letA hai, jisake prabhAva se zarIrAdi kI sundaratA, aMgasauSThava Adi ke atirikta yazokIti Adi kI prApti hotI hai| azubhanAmakarmabandha ke kAraNa-azubhanAmakarma ke bandha ke cAra kAraNa haiM / yathA-(1) kAyA kI vakratA se, (2) bhAvoM kI vakratA se (3) bhASA kI vakratA se aura (4) yogoM ke visaMvAdana (anekarUpatva) se azubhanAma-karma kA bandha hotA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki zubhanAma karmabandha ke jo kAraNa haiM, unase vivarIta kAraNa azubhanAmakarma ke haiM / isake phalasvarUpa jIva ko kurUpa zarIra, apayaza Adi kI prApti hotI hai| uccagotrakarma-bandha ke kAraNa-sAmAnyatayA uccagotrakarma kA upArjana tabhI hotA hai, jaba jIva kisI bhI padArtha (jJAna, tapa, sukha-sAdhana, aizvarya, jAti, kula Adi) milane para mada-garva na kre| vizeSatayA uccagotrakarma (kArmaNazarIra) kA bandha 8 kAraNoM se hotA hai yathA--(1) jAtimada na karane se, (2) kulamada na karane se, (3) balamada na karane se, (4) rUpamada na karane se, (5) tapomada na karane se, (6) zruta (zAstrajJAna kA) mada na karane se, (7) lAbha kA mada na karane, aura (8) aizvaryamada na karane se| nIcagotrakarma -bandha ke kAraNa-jina kAraNoM se uccagotrakarma kA bandha hotA hai, ThIka unake viparIta kAraNoM se nIca gotrakarma kA bandha mAnA gayA hai / arthAt-nIca gotrakarma-bandha ke bhI 8 kAraNa haiM yathA-(1) jAtimada karane se, (2) kUlamada karane se, (3) balamada karane se, (4) rUpamada karane se, (5) tapomada karane se, (6) zrutamada karane se, (7) lAbhamada karane se aura (8) aizvaryamada karane se| isa sUtrapATha kA phalitArtha yaha hai ki jisa padArtha kA mada kiyA jAtA hai, vahI padArtha usa jIva ko milanA durlabha hai| __antarAyakarma bandha ke kAraNa--jisa karma udaya se icchita vastu kI prApti na ho sake tathA mana meM vicAra kiyA huA kArya pUrA na ho sake usameM vighna upasthita ho jAe, usakA nAma antarAyakarma hai / antarAyakarmabandha ke pA~ca kAraNa haiM
Page #497
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ karmavAda : eka mImAMsA | 173 (1) dAnAntarAya-(dAna dene meM vighna DAlane) (2) lAbhAntarAya (kisI ko lAbha milatA ho. usameM vighna upasthita karane) se, (3) bhogAntarAya (bhogya vastu ko bhogane meM vighna DAlane) se, (4) upabhogAntarAya (bAra-bAra bhogane yogya vastu ke upabhoga meM antarAya DAlane) se, aura (5) vIryAntarAya (kisI ke zubhakArya viSayaka puruSArtha meM vighna upasthita karane) se / pUrvokta dAnAdi pAMca prakAra ke kAryoM meM vighna upasthita karake satkArya na hone dene se jIva antarAya karma bAMdha letA hai, jise do prakAra se bhogA jAtA hai--eka to jo priya padArtha apane pAsa ho, unakA viyoga ho jAnA, dUsare-jina padArthoM kI prApti kI AzA ho, unakI prApti na honaa| ye do bAteM hoM to samajha lenA cAhie ki antarAyakarma udaya meM A rahA hai| ina AThoM karmaprakRtiyoM ke bandha ke vibhinna kAraNoM ko samajha lene para karmavAdI karmabandha ke kAraNoM se dUra rahane kA prayatna karatA hai| 'ATha karmoM ke krama kA rahasya - jJAna aura darzana ke binA jIva kA astitva ho nahIM raha sakatA, kyoMki jIva kA lakSaNa upayoga (jJAna-darzanamaya) hai| jJAna aura darzana meM bhI jJAna pradhAna hai| jJAna se hI zAstrAdi viSayaka samagra pravRtti hotI hai, labdhiyA~ bhI jJAnopayoga vAle ko hI prApta ho sakatI hai, mukta hote samaya bhI jIva jJAnopayoga vAlA hotA hai| ataH jJAna kI pradhAnatA hone se sarvaprathama jJAna kA Avaraka --jJAnAvaraNIya kama rakhA gyaa| tatpazcAt rakhA gayA darzana kA Avaraka-darzanAvaraNIyakarma / ye donoM karma apanA phala dete hue yathAyogya sukha-duHkharUpa vedanIyakarma meM nimitta hote haiN| jaisegAr3ha jJAnAvaraNIya karma ko bhogatA huA jova sUkSma vastuoM kA jJAna karane meM svayaM ko asamartha pAkara khinna hotA hai, jabaki jJAnAvaraNIya karma ke kSayopazaya kI prabalatA vAlA jIva apanI buddhi se sUkSma-sUkSmatara vastuoM kA jJAna karake harSAnubhava karatA hai| isI prakAra pragAr3ha darzanAvaraNIya karma kA udaya hone para jIva janmAndha hokara duHkha bhogatA hai, tathA ukta karma ke kSayopazama kI prabalatA hone para jIva nirmala svastha cakSuoM tathA anya indriyoM se vastuoM ko yathArtharUpa meM dekhatA huA harSAnubhava karatA hai, isalie jJAnAvaraNIya-darzanAvaraNIya karma ke pazcAt vedanIya karma kahA gayA hai| vedanIya iSTavastuoM ke saMyoga meM sukha tathA aniSTavastuoM ke saMyoga
Page #498
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 174 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA meM duHkha utpanna karatA hai, isase saMsArI jIva ke rAga-dvaSa kA honA svAbhAvika hai aura rAga-dvaSa mohanIyakarma ke kAraNa haiN| isalie vedanIyakarma ke bAda mohanIya karma kA krama rakhA gyaa| mohanIyakarma se mUr3ha hue prANI mahArambha-mahAparigraha Adi meM Asakta hokara narakAdi gatiyoM kI Ayu bA~dhate haiN| ataH mohanIkarma ke bAda AyuSyakarma kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| narakAdi Ayukarma kA udaya hone para avazya hI narakagati Adi nAmakarma kI prakRtiyoM kA udaya hotA hai| ataH Ayukarma ke bAda nAmakarma rakhA gayA hai| nAmakarma kA udaya hone para jIva ucca yA nIca gotra meM se kisI eka gotra karma kA avazya hI bhoga karatA hai| isalie nAmakarma ke bAda gotrakarma kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| gotrakarma kA udaya hone para uccakulotpanna jIva ke dAna, lAbha Adi se sambandhita antarAya karma kA kSayopazama hotA hai, evaM nIcakulotpanna jIva ke ina sabakA udaya hotA hai| isalie gotrakarma ke bAda antarAyakarma ko sthAna diyA gyaa| ATha karmoM ko uttaraprakRtiyA~ ATha karmoM kI uttaraprakRtiyA~ 148 yA 158 hotI haiM / ve isa prakAra haiM-(1) jJAnAvaraNIyakarma kI 5, (2) darzanAvaraNIya karma kI 6, (3) vedanIyakarma kI 2, (4) mohanIyakarma kI 28, (5) AyuSyakarma kI 4, (6) nAmakarma kI 63 athavA 103, (7) gotrakarma kI 2, aura (8) antarAyakarma kI 5 / inakA vizeSa vivecana karmagrantha Adi granthoM se samajha lenA caahie| vahA~ inake viSaya meM gahana vicAra kiyA gayA hai|' karmoM kI sthiti __ AtmapradezoM ke sAtha jaba kArmaNavargaNAoM kA sambandha hotA hai, taba tatkSaNa karma kI sthiti (kAlamaryAdA) kA nirmANa ho jAtA hai| vaha sthiti jIvoM ke pariNAmoM kI tIvratA-mandatA kI taratamatA ke anusAra aneka prakAra kI hotI hai, kintu nAnA jIvApekSA zAstroM meM karmoM kI sthiti do prakAra kI batAI gaI hai-jaghanya (laghutama) aura utkRSTa (adhikatama) sthiti / ' 1 (ka) prajJApanA pada 23 / 2, (kha) karmagrantha bhA0 1 2 (ka) uttarAdhyayanasUtra, a0 33, gA0 16 se 23 (kha) tattvArtha0 a0 8 sU0 15 se 21 taka
Page #499
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ * * 6. nAmaka karmavAda : eka mImAMsA | 175 ATha karmoM kI jaghanya aura utkRSTa sthiti isa prakAra haikrama karma jaghanyasthiti utkRSTasthiti 1. jJAnAvaraNIya antamuhUrta 30 koTAkoTi sAgaropama darzanAvaraNIya , , 30 koTAkoTi sAgaropama vedanIyakarma 12 muhUrta 30 koTAkoTi sAgaropama mohanIyakarma antamuhUrta / 70 koTAkoTi sAgaropama AyuSyakarma 33 sAgaropama nAmakarma ATha muhUrta 20 koTAkoTi sAgaropama gotrakarma 20 koTAkoTi sAgarApama antarAyakarma antamuharta 30 koTAkoTi sAgaropama karmoM kA phalavipAka - karma acetana haiM, ve jIva ko niyamita phala kaise de sakate haiM ? isI prazna ke AdhAra IzvarakartRtvavAdiyoM ne Izvara ko karmaphala kA niyantA batAyA; parantu jainadarzana karmaphala kA niyaMtA Izvara ko nahIM mAnatA, usakA kAraNa hama pahale batA cuke haiN| jIvAtmA ke sambandha se karmaparamANuoM meM eka viziSTa pariNAma hotA hai, jo dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva, bhava, gati, sthiti, pudgalapariNAma Adi udayAnukula sAmagrI se vipAka pradAna meM samartha hokara jIvAtmA ke saMskAroM ko vikRta karatA hai| usase unakA phalopabhoga hotA hai| sacce mAne meM to AtmA apane kiye kA phala apane Apa bhogatA hai| karmaparamANa usameM sahakArI bana jAte haiN| jaba AtmapradezoM ke sAtha kArmaNavargaNAoM kA sambandha hotA hai, taba AtmA kA jaisA bhI tIvamandAdi yA zubhAzubha adhyavasAya (rasa yA anubhAga) hotA hai, tadanusAra unameM zubha-azubha tIvratama-tIvratara-tIbra, madhyama, manda-mandatara, yA mandatama phala dene kI zakti utpanna ho jAtI hai / use hI anubhAva yA anubhAga kahate haiN| ___ jaise- viSa aura amRta, apathya aura pathya bhojana ko kucha bhI jJAna nahIM hotA, phira bhI AtmA kA saMyoga pAkara unakI vaisI pariNati ho jAtI hai| unakA paripAka hote hI sevana karane vAle ko iSTa yA aniSTa phala kI prApti ho jAto hai / phala dene kA yaha sAmarthya hI vipAka yA anubhAva hai| usakA nirmANa hI anubhAva (anubhAga yA rasa) bandha hai| anubhAva (vipAka) samaya Ane para hI phala detA hai| parantu vaha phala detA hai, usa-usa karma ke 1 vipAko'nubhAvaH / ' 'sa yathAnAma / ' -tattvArtha0 a0 8, sU024-25
Page #500
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 176 / jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA svabhAva (mUlakarma prakRti) ke anusAra hI, anya karma ke svabhAvAnusAra nahIM / isa sambandha meM bhagavatIsUtra meM varNita bhagavAn mahAvIra aura kAlodAyI parivrAjaka kA saMvAda draSTavya hai| ekadA rAjagRhI meM guNazIlaka caitya meM virAjamAna zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra se kAlodAyI anagAra ne pUchA bhagavan ! jIvoM ke dvArA kiye hue pApakarma unheM pApaphala-vipAka se yukta karate haiM ? bhagavAn -hA~, karate haiN| ___kAloTAyo-bhagavan ! jIvoM ke pApakarma unheM pApaphala se saMyukta kaise karate haiM ? bhagavAnkAlodAyI ! jaise koI puruSa manojJa, sthAlIpAkazuddha (paripakva) aThAraha prakAra ke vyaMjanoM se yukta ati sundara bhojana viSa mizrita karake khAtA hai| vaha bhojana use ApAtabhadra (khAte samaya acchA) lagatA hai, kintu bAda meM jyoM-jyoM usakA pariNamana hotA hai, tyoM-tyoM vaha durUpa (vikRta) aura durgandharUpa ko pAkara zarIra ke saba avayavoM ko bigAr3atA huA mahAzava (mRtaka) kI taraha mRta kara detA hai / (vaha pariNAmabhadra nahIM hotA) isI prakAra he kAlodAyI ! prANAtipAta yAvat mithyAdarzanazalya (aThAraha prakAra ke pApakarma) ApAta bhadra hote haiM, kintu bAda meM vaha pariNamana karatA huA durUpa, durgandha se yukta hokara jIvoM ko saba prakAra se duHkhita (zArIrika-mAnasika duHkhoM se pIr3ita) karate haiN| he kAlodAyI ! isI prakAra jIvoM ke dvArA kRta pApa-karma unheM pApaphalavipAka se yukta karate haiN|' phira kAlodAyI ne bhagavAn mahAvIra se pUchA-bhagavan ! jIvoM ke dvArA kRta kalyANa karma kyA unheM kalyANa-phala-vipAka se yukta karate haiM ? bhagavAn-hA~, kAlodAyI karate haiN| kAlodAyI-bhagavan ! kalyANakarma jIvoM ko kaise kalyANaphala se yukta kara dete haiM ? bhagavAn-kAlodAyI ! jaise koI puruSa manojJa, sthAlIpAka-zuddha (pavitra evaM paripakva), aThAraha vyaMjanoM se yukta bhojana auSadhamizrita karake khAtA hai| use vaha bhojana ApAtabhadra (prArambha meM acchA) nahIM lagatA; 1 bhagavatIsUtra zataka 7, uddezaka 10, sU0 222
Page #501
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ karmavAda : eka mImAMsA | 177 kintu bAda meM jyoM-jyoM usakA pariNamana hotA hai, tyoM-tyoM (auSadha ke kAraNa usa puruSa kA roga miTa jAne se) usase surUpatA, suvarNatA yAvat sukhAnubhUti hotI hai, vaha bhojana duHkharUpa meM pariNata nahIM hotA hai| isI prakAra he kAlodAyI ! prANAtipAtavirata yAvat mithyAdarzana zalyavirata jIvoM ko ApAtabhadra nahIM lagatI kintu bAda meM jaba una zubhakarmoM kA phala upalabdha hotA hai, taba AtmA saba prakAra se sukhoM kA anubhava karatA hai| isI prakAra he kAlodAyI ! jIvoM ke kalyANakarma unheM kalyANaphalavipAka se yukta kara niSkarSa yaha hai ki auSadhamizrita bhojana karanA pahale to mana ke pratikUla lagatA hai, kintu poche vaha bhojana sukhaprada ho jAtA hai| ThIka usI prakAra hiMsAdi se viratirUpa zubhakarma karane meM atyanta kaThina pratIta hote haiM, kintu jaba ve phala dete haiM, taba paramasukhaprada ho jAte haiM, isalie kalyANakama AghAtabhadra nahIM, kintu pariNAmabhadra haiN| - ataH karmoM kA phala zubhAzubha bhojana ko taraha svataH hI AtmA ko prApta ho jAtA hai| isIlie karmoM kA phalavipAka (anubhAva) bhI eka prakAra kA nahIM hotA, mukhyataH zubha aura azubha do prakAra ke rasa (anubhAga) ke anusAra nirmita hote haiN| adhyavasAyoM kI taratamatA ko jainadarzana meM lezyA kahA hai| ye lezyAe~ 6 haiM--(1) kRSNa, (2) nIla, (3) kApota, (4) tejolezyA, (5) padma evaM (6) shuklleshyaa| adhyavasAyoM ko tovatA-mandatA ke anusAra zarIra meM se pravAhita hae eka prakAra ke pudgaloM meM ina lezyAoM ke raMga kI jhalaka par3atI hai| inameM se prathama tona lezyAe~ azubha haiM aura antima tIna lezyAe~ zubha haiN| lezyAoM ke varNa, gandha, rasa aura sparza kA varNana bhI zAstroM meM gaharAI se kiyA gayA hai|' ATha karmoM ke anubhAva (phalavipAka) isa prakAra haiM jJAnAvaraNIyakarma ke dasa anubhAva --(1) zrotrAvaraNa, (2) zrotravijJAnAvaraNa, (3) netrAvaraNa, (4) netravijJAnAvaraNa, (5) ghrANAvaraNa, (6) ghrANavijJAnAvaraNa, (7) rasAvaraNa, (8) rasavijJAnAvaraNa, (6) sparzAvaraNa, (10) sparzavijJAnAvaraNa / 1 bhagavatI zataka 7, uddezaka 10, sU0 223-226 2 vizeSa vivaraNa ke lie dekhie - uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 34 (sampUrNa)
Page #502
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 178 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA darzanAvaraNIya ke nau anubhAva - ( 1 ) nidrA, (2) nidrAnidrA, (3) pracalA, (4) pracalApracalA, (5) styAnaddhi, (6) cakSudarzanAvaraNa, (7) acakSudarzanA varaNa, (8) avadhidarzanAvaraNa aura (6) kevaladarzanAvaraNa | sAtAvedanIya ke ATha anubhAva - (1-5) manojJa zabda-rUpa- gandha-rasa sparza, (6) manaHsukhatA, (7) vacanasukhatA, (8) kAyasukhatA / asAtAvedanIya ke ATha anubhAva - sAtAvedanIya ke anubhAvoM se bilakula anubhAva asAtAvedanIya ke haiM / viparIta mohanIyakarma ke pA~ca anubhAva - (1) samyaktva vedanIya, (2) mithyAtvavedanIya, (3) samyag - midhyAtvavedanIya, (4) kaSAyavedanIya, (5) nokaSAyavedanIya | Ayukarma ke cAra anubhAva - (1) narakAyu, (2) tiryaJcAyu, (3) manuSyAyu aura (4) devAyu / zubhanAmakarma ke caudaha anubhAva - (1-5) iSTazabda-rUpa-rasa- gandha-sparza ( 6-7 ) iSTagati- sthiti, (8) lAvaNya, (6) yazaH kIrti, (10) utthAna -karma-balavIrya - puruSakAraparAkrama, (11) iSTasvaratA ( 12 ) kAntasvaratA, (13) mayasvaratA aura (14) manojJasvaratA / azubhanAmakarma ke caudaha anubhAva - zubhanAmakarma ke 14 anubhAvoM se ThIka viparIta 14 anubhAva azubhanAmakarma ke haiM / yathA aniSTa zabdAdi / ucca-gotrakarma ke ATha anubhAva - jAti-kula-bala-rUpa-tapaHpaH zruta-lAbhaaizvarya - viziSTatA / ata gotrakarma ke ATha anubhAva - ye pUrvokta ATha ke viparIta jAtikula-bala-rUpa-tapaH-zruta-lAbha - aizvaryavihInatA haiM / antarAya ke pAMca anubhAva - (1) dAnAntarAya, ( 2 ) lAbhAntarAya, (3) bhogAntarAya, (4) upabhogAntarAya aura (5) vIryAntarAya | karmoM kI dasa avasthAeM karmoM kI 10 avasthAe~ mAnI gaI haiM - ( 1 ) bandha, (2) uvattanA, (3) apavarttanA, (4) sattA, (5) udaya, (6) udIraNA, (7) saMkramaNa, (8) (8) upazama, (6) nidhatti aura (10) nikAcanA / inakA saMkSipta vivecana nimna prakAra hai (1) bandha - mithyAtvAdi AsravoM ke nimitta se jIva ke asaMkhya pradezoM meM halacala paidA hone se jisa kSetra meM Atmapradeza haiM, usa kSetra meM vidyamAna
Page #503
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ karmavAda : eka mImAMsA | 176 jo anantAnanta karmayogyapudgala AtmA ke pradezoM ke sAtha baMdha jAte haiM. cipaka jAte haiM, usI kA nAma bandha hai / ' (2-3) uvartanA-apanA -- sthiti aura anubhAga ke bar3hane ko udvarttanA aura ghaTane ko apavattanA kahate haiM / karmoM kA bandha hone ke pazcAt ye donoM kriyAe~ hotI haiN| azubhakarma bAMdhane ke bAda jIva kI bhAvanA yadi aura adhika kaluSita ho jAe to pahale ba~dhe hue azubhakarmoM kI sthiti bar3ha jAtI hai tathA phala dene kI zakti bhI tIvra ho jAtI hai, isa kriyA kA nAma uvarsanA hai, aura azubha karma ba~dhane ke bAda jIva yadi pazcAttApa, prAyazcitta grahaNa Adi kriyAe~ kara letA hai, to pUrvabaddha azubhakarmoM kI sthiti bhI ghaTa jAtI hai aura phala dene kI zakti bhI manda ho jAtI hai / isa kriyA ko apavarttanA kahate haiM / ina donoM kriyAoM ke kAraNa koI karma zIghra aura tIvra phala detA hai, aura koI dera se tathA manda phala detA hai / . ( 4 ) sattA- - ba~dhe hue karma tatkAla phala nahIM dete| kucha samaya bAda unakA vipAka (paripAka) hotA hai / ataH karma apanA phala na dekara jaba taka AtmA ke sAtha astitvarUpa meM rahate haiM, usa dazA ko 'sattA' kahate haiM / sattA meM rahe hue karma jIva ke pariNAmoM ko kisI bhI prakAra se prabhAvita nahIM karate / (5) udaya-- vipAka ( phaladAna) kA samaya Ane para kama jaba apanA zubhAzubha phala dene lagatA hai, taba vaha usakA udaya mAnA jAtA hai / udayakAla ko karmanipekakAla bhI kahate haiM / udaya yadi zubhakarma kA ho to jIva ke sabhI pAse sodhe par3ane lagate haiM, use sukha kI prApti hotI hai aura azubhakarma kA udaya ho to saba kucha ulaTA hone lagatA hai / vaha Apatti - vipattiyoM se ghira jAtA hai, use kaSTa, pIr3A, zoka kI anubhUti hotI hai / udaya do prakAra kA hotA hai- vipAkodaya aura pradezodaya / jo karma apanA phala dekara naSTa ho jAtA hai, vaha vipAkodaya ( phalodaya) aura jo karma udaya meM Akara bhI binA phala diye naSTa ho jAtA hai, vaha pradezovaya kahalAtA hai / bandha ke prakAra Adi ke viSaya meM pahale 'bandhatatva' ke prasaMga meM varNana kiyA jA cukA hai (kha) daza avasthAoM kA varNana dekheM, bhagavatI 1 / 12
Page #504
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 180 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA - (6) udIraNA-jo karmadalika bhaviSya meM udaya meM Ane vAle haiM, unheM viziSTa prayatna tapa, parISahasahana, (viziSTa tyAga evaM dhyAna Adi) se khIMcakara udaya meM Ae hue karmadalikoM ke sAtha bhoga lenA udIraNA hai / uMdIraNA meM lambe samaya ke bAda udaya meM Ane vAle karmadalikoM ko tatkAla udaya meM lAkara bhoga liyA jAtA hai| (7) saMkramaNa-jisa prayatna-vizeSa se kama eka svarUpa ko chor3akara dUsare sajAtIya svarUpa ko prApta karatA hai usa prayatnavizeSa ko saMkramaNa kahate haiN| saMkramaNa cAra prakAra kA hai-(1) prakRtisaMkramaNa, (2) sthitisaMkramaNa, (3) anubhAgasaMkramaNa aura (4) pradezasaMkramaNa / ' ____karmoM kI mUla prakRtiyoM meM paraspara saMkramaNa nahIM hotaa| sAtha hI Ayukarma kI cAroM uttaraprakRtiyoM meM bhI saMkramaNa nahIM ho sakatA; jaisedevAyu kA saMkramaNa manuSya athavA tiryaMca Ayu meM nahIM ho sktaa| .. .... udvartanA, apavartanA, udIraNA aura saMkramaNa-ye cAroM 'udaya' meM nahIM Ae hue karmadalikoM ke hI hote haiM, udayAvalikA meM praviSTa (udayAvasthA ko prApta) karmadalikoM meM kisI prakAra kA parivartana nahIM ho sktaa| ___(8) upazama-karmoM kI savathA anudaya-avasthA ko upazama kahate haiN| isameM pradezodaya yA vipAkodaya donoM hI nahIM rhte| upazama avasthA meM udvartanA, apavartanA aura saMkramaNa ho sakate haiM, lekina udaya, udIraNA, nidhatti aura nikAcanA ye cAra karaNa nahIM hote| upazama kevala mohanIyakarma kA hotA hai, dUsare kisI bhI karma kA nhiiN|' (6) nidhatti-Aga meM tapAkara nikAlI huI sUiyoM ke pArasparika sambandha ke samAna pUrvabaddha karmoM kA Atma-pradezoM ke sAtha paraspara mila jAnA nidhatti hai| isameM udvatta nA-apavata nA. do kAraNa ho sakate haiM, udIraNA aura saMkramaNa Adi kAraNa nahIM ho skte| . - (10) nikAcanA-Aga meM tapAkara nikAlo huI sUiyoM ko ghana (hathaur3e) se kUTane para jaise ve ekAkAra ho jAtI haiM usI prakAra karmapudgaloM kA AtmA ke sAtha atyanta pragAr3ha sambandha ho jAne ko nikAcanA yA 1 karmagrantha bhA0. 2, gA0 1 kI vyAkhyA 2 anuyogadvAra sa0 126 . .
Page #505
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ karmavAda : eka mImAMsA | 181 nikAcitabandha kahate haiM / isameM utanA - apavattanA, udIraNA Adi koI bhI karaNa nahIM ho sakatA / udaya aura sattA ina do ko chor3akara karmoM kI bandha Adi 8 avasthAe~ karaNa kahalAtI hai / karaNa kA artha adhyavasAya kA bala yA vIrya ( prayatna ) vizeSa hai / kyoMki ina kriyAoM ko karate samaya jIva ko vizeSa prayatna karanA hotA hai / " 1. karma prakRti gA0 2
Page #506
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ mokSavAda : karmoM se sarvathA mukti AtmavAda Adi kA lakSya : mokSa prApti karmavAda ko mAnane kA phala yaha nahIM ki vyakti isako jAnakara ho raha jAya aura karmoM ke jAla meM hI pha~sA rahe athavA zubha karmoM (puNya) se chuTakArA na pAe balki karmavijJAna ko bhalIbhAMti jAnakara vaha zubha aura azubha sabhI prakAra ke karmoM se sarvathA mukta hone kA prayatna kare athavA karmazAstra kA samyakjJAna hone para vaha karmoM se mukta hone ke lie samyagdarzanayukta hokara samyakcAritra kI ArAdhanA kare / isalie AtmavAda Adi cAroM vAdoM kA antima lakSya mokSavAda hai / pahale batAyA jA cukA hai ki jIva ratnatraya kI sAdhanA meM samyak puruSArtha dvArA eka dina zubha tathA azubha sabhI karmoM se sarvathA mukta ho sakatA hai / isI avasthA ko nirvANa yA mokSa kahate haiM / ' eka bAra ba~dhe hue karma kA kabhI na kabhI to kSaya hotA hI hai, para usa karma kA bandhana punaH sambhava ho athavA vaisA koI karma abhI zeSa ho, aisI sthiti meM yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki karmoM kA Atyantika kSaya ho gayA hai / Atyantika kSaya kA artha hai - pUrvabaddha karma athavA navIna karma ke bA~dhane kI yogyatA kA pUrNatayA abhAva / jaba taka AsravadvAra khulA rahegA, taba taka karma-pravAha bhI AtA rahegA / jIva pUrvabaddha karmoM kA vipAka bhogakara AtmapradezoM se alaga karatA hai, sAtha hI naye karmoM ko bho rAga-dveSavaza bA~dhatA rahatA hai| yAnI karmaparamANuoM ke vikarSaNa ke sAtha-sAtha dUsare karmaparamANuoM kA AkarSaNa hotA rahatA hai / ataH baddha karmoM se mukta hone ke lie sarvaprathama AsravoM kA nirodha karake naye Ate hue karmoM ko rokanA - saMvara kI sAdhanA karanA Avazyaka hai / mithyAtva avrata, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga, ye pAMca Asrava haiM aura 1 nANaM ca daMsaNaM ceva caritaM ca tavo tahA / esa maggutti paNNatto, jiNehiM varadaM sihi // - uttarA0 28 / 2
Page #507
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ mokSavAda : karmoM se sarvathA mukti | 183 samyaktva, vrata, apramAda, akaSAya aura zuddhopayoga, ye pAMca saMvara hai| isa prakAra paMcAsravoM kA nirodha karake paMcasaMvara rUpa sAdhanA meM jaba sAdhaka pravRtta hotA hai, taba vaha navIna karmoM kA bandha nahIM karatA, karmabandha kI paramparA ko roka detA hai| dUsarI ora pUrvabaddha karmoM kA kSaya karane ke lie nirjarA kI sAdhanA bhI Avazyaka hai| nirjarA ke lie sabase pradhAna sAdhana AtmalakSyI bAhyaAbhyantara tapa hai / jisa prakAra sone para lage hue maila ko dUra karane ke lie use agni meM tapAkara zuddha kiyA jAtA hai| vaise hI tapa kI agni dvArA AtmA para lage karmamala ko jalAkara naSTa kiyA jAtA hai| kahA bhI haitapaHsAdhanA se karor3oM bhavoM ke saMcita pUrvabaddha karmoM kI nirjarA (karmakSaya) ko jAtI hai| mokSa-prApti ke sAdhana zAstra meM tapa ke sAtha-sAtha samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritra bhI mokSa-prApti ke sAdhana batAye gae hai| parantu yahA~ nizcaya dRSTi se para-padArthoM (bhAvoM) meM Asakta na hone, tathA parabhAvoM meM jAne se AtmA ko rokane kA nAma samyakatapa hai, jisameM jJAna-darzana aura cAritra kA bhI antarbhAva ho jAtA hai / ataH yahA~ pUrvabaddha karmoM ko kSaya karane ke lie tapa ko hI grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| tapasyA ke bheda aura dhyAna sAdhanA tapa ke do prakAra haiM, bAhya aura Abhyantara / bAhya tapa ke anazana Adi 6 bheda haiM, isI prakAra Abhyantara tapa ke bhI prAyazcitta, vinaya, vayAvRtya, svAdhyAya, dhyAna aura vyutsarga ye bheda 6 haiN| ina sabake viSaya meM hama pahale vivecana kara cuke haiN| yahA~ dhyAna ke viSaya meM kucha prakAza DAlA jAegA; kyoMki dhyAna se citta ekAgra hotA hai aura ekAgracitta hone se tathA AtmA ke parabhAvoM se nivRtta evaM anAsakta hone se karmoM kI nirjarA zIdhra kI jA sakatI hai| dhyAna ke bheda-prabheda __ zAstrakAroM ne cAra prakAra kA dhyAna batalAyA hai-(1) ArtadhyAna, (2) raudradhyAna, (3) dharmadhyAna aura (4) zukladhyAna / bhavakoDisaMciyaM kamma tavasA nijjarijjaI / -uttarA0 30 / 6 2 nANaNa jANaI bhAve daMsaNeNa ya saddahaM / caritteNa nigiNhAi taveNa parisujjhai : -uttarA0 28 / 35
Page #508
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 184 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA ina cAroM meM se pahale ke do dhyAnoM se nivRtta honA hai, tathA pichale do dhyAnoM meM pravRtta honA hai| pahale ke do dhyAna azubha haiM, jabaki pichale do dhyAna zubha haiN| ____ ArtadhyAna zoka, cintA Adi se hotA hai / vaha cAra prakAra kA hotA hai--(1) iNTa viyogaja- iSTa strI-pUtra-dhanAdi ke viyoga para zoka karanA, (2) aniSTa saMyogama-aniSTa-duHkhadAyI padArthoM yA jIvoM kA saMyoga hone para zoka karanA, (3) por3A cintavana-roga Adi kI pIr3A hone para duHkhI honA-vilApa karanA, (4) nidAna-AgAmI sukha-bhogoM kI tIvra icchA rkhnaa| raudradhyAna hiMsA Adi bhayaMkara pApoM ke cintana se hotA hai / vaha bhI cAra prakAra kA hai-(1) hiMsAnanda-hiMsA karane-karAne meM tathA hiMsAkANDa sunakara Ananda mAnanA, (2) mRSAnanda-asatya bolane, bulAne yA bolA huA jAnakara Ananda mAnanA / (3) cauryAnanda-corI karane-karAne meM yA corI huI sunakara Ananda mAnanA / (4) parigrahAnanda-parigraha bar3hAne-bar3havAne meM tathA bar3hatA huA dekhakara harSa mAnanA / dharmadhyAna- AtmakalyANarUpa vaha dhyAna, jisameM ekAgracitta hokara dharmarUpa yA kalyANarUpa cintana kiyA jAe, dharmadhyAna hai| yaha bhI cAra prakAra kA hai-(1) AjJAvicaya-jinendra kI AjJAnusAra Agama ke tattvoM yA siddhAntoM kA vicAra karanA, (2) apAyavicaMya-apane evaM anya jIvoM ke ajJAna, karma, yA rAgadveSAdi doSoM ke svarUpa ko aura inheM dUra karane ke upAya kA cintana karanA, (3) vipAkavicaya-svayaM ko tathA anya jIvoM ko sUkhI yA duHkhI dekhakara karmavipAka (phala) viSayaka cintana karanA (4) saMsthAna vicaya-isa loka ke yA AtmA ke AkAra yA svarUpa kA manoyogapUrvaka vicAra krnaa| saMsthAnavicaya-dharmadhyAna ke cAra uttara bheda haiM-(1) piNDastha, (2) padastha, (3) rUpastha aura (4) rUpAtIta dhyAna / 1 (ka) 'Artta-raudra-dharma-zuklAni / ' pare mokSahet / -tattvArthasUtra a0 6 / 26-30 (kha) ArttamamanojJAnAM samprayoge tadviprayogAya smRtisamanvAhAraH / vedanAyAzca / (ga) viparItaM manojJAnAm / nidAnaM ca / hiMsAnRtasteyaviSayasaMrakSaNebhyo raudramaviratadeza viratayo: / AjJA'pAya-vipAka-saMsthAna vicayAya dharmyamapramatasaMyatasya / -tattvArthasUtra a0 6 / 31-37
Page #509
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ mokSavAda : karmoM se sarvathA mukti | 185 piNDastha dhyAna-dhyAna karane vAlA mana, vacana evaM kAyAM zuddha karake ekAnta sthAna meM jAkara padmAsana, khaDgAsana yA siddhAsana athavA paryakAsana Adi kisI Asana se baiTha kara apane piNDa yA zarIra meM virAjita AtmA kA dhyAna karatA hai, isI kA nAma piNDastha dhyAna hai| isakI pAMca dhAraNAeM haiN| (1) pArthivI dhAraNA-isa madhyaloka ko kSIrasamudra ke samAna nirmala dekhakara usake madhya meM eka lAkha yojana vyAsa vAle jambUdvIpa ke sadRza tape hue sone ke raMga ke eka hajAra paMkhur3iyoM vAle kamala kA cintana kare / isa kamala kI karNikA sumeruparvata ke samAna pIta raMga kI evaM U~cI hai, aisA vicAra kare / phira isa parvata para sthita pANDukavana meM pANDakazilA para eka sphaTikamaNimaya siMhAsana kA cintana kare, aura antazcakSu se dekhe ki maiM isI siMhAsana para apane karmoM kA kSaya karane ke lie dhyAnastha baiThA huuN| itanA dhyAna bAra-bAra karake jamAe aura abhyAsa kre| jaba isakA abhyAsa ho jAe taba dUsarI dhAraNA kA manana kre| . (2) AgneyI dhAraNA-usI sphaTika siMhAsanastha hokara dhyAna karane vAlA yaha soce ki merI nAbhi ke sthAna meM Upara kI ora mukha kiye 16 paMkhur3iyoMvAlA eka vikasita zveta kamala hai / usake pratyeka patra para pIle raMga se 'a A i I u U R R la la e ai o au aM aH' ye solaha svara kramazaH likhe hue haiM / bIca meM pIle raMga se 'hna' likhA hai / isI kamala para hRdayasthAna meM ATha patra ke auMdhe khile hue ur3ate kAle raMga (dhue~ ke se raMga) ke eka kamala kA cintana kare, isake pratyeka patra para jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, vedanIya, mohanIya, Ayu, nAma, gotra aura antarAya ina ATha karmoM ko likhA dekhe / yaha kamala aSTa karmoM kA pratIka hai| tatpazcAta sAdhaka aisA cintana kare ki prathama kamala ke 'ha' akSara kI repha se prathama dhuMA nikalA, phira agnizikhA nikalI aura agni zikhA Age bar3hakara dUsare kamala ko jalA rahI hai| vaha agnizikhA jalAtI huI usake mastaka para A gii| phira vaha agnizikhA zarIra ke donoM ora rekhArUpa meM Akara nIce donoM konoM se mila gaI aura phira trikoNa rUpa ho gii| isa trikoNa kI tInoM rekhAoM para agnimaya (agni ke bIjAkSara) ra ra ra ra ra ra ra akSaroM ko sphUrAyamAna dekhe tathA isake tInoM konoM meM bAhara kI ora agnimaya svastika kA cintana kre| bhItara tInoM konoM meM agnimaya 'OM' likhe hue dekhe / yaha maNDala bhItara se ATha karmoM ko aura bAhara se zarIra
Page #510
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 186 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA ko jalAkara bhasma banA detA hai aura phira dhIre-dhIre zAnta ho rahA hai / agnizikhA, jahA~ se uThI thI, vahIM samA gaI hai / isa prakAra kA cintana karanA AgneyI dhAraNA hai| (3) mAruti dhAraNA-dUsarI dhAraNA kA abhyAsa hone ke pazcAt sAdhaka yaha soce ki mere cAroM ora pavanamaNDala ghUmakara pUrvokta rAkha ko ur3A rahA hai| usa maNDala meM saba ora 'svAya' likhA hai| (4) vAruNI dhAraNA-tIsarI dhAraNA kA abhyAsa hone ke pazcAt yaha vicAra kare ki AkAza meM kAle-kAle megha maNDarA rahe haiM aura pAnI barasa rahA hai| yaha pAnI merI AtmA para lage hue karma-maila ko dhokara use (AtmA ko) svaccha-zuddha kara rahA hai| jalamaNDala para saba ora pa pa pa pa likhA huA hai| (5) tattvarUpavatI dhAraNA-cauthI dhAraNA kA bhalIbhAMti abhyAsa ho jAne para svayaM ko samasta karmarahita zuddha siddhasama amUrtika sphaTikavat nirmala AtmA ke rUpa meM dekhatA rahe / yaha tattvarUpavatI dhAraNA hai| ina pA~coM dhAraNAoM kA uddezya citta ko ekAgra karane kA abhyAsa tathA dhyAna meM sthiratA lAnA hai| yaha piNDastha dharmadhyAna kA svarUpa hai / padasthadhyAna-kisI pada (zabdasamUha) ko lekara usa para ekAgratApUrvaka dhyAna karanA padastha dhyAna hai / sAdhaka apanI icchAnusAra eka yA aneka padoM ko virAjamAna karake dhyAna kara sakatA hai| jaise-hRdayasthAna meM ATha paMkhar3iyoM ke eka zvetakamala kA cintana karake usake 8 patroM para kramazaH ye ATha pada pIle raMga ke aMkita kre| yathA--(1) Namo arahaMtANaM, (2) Namo siddhANaM, (3) Namo AyariyANaM, (4) Namo uvajjhAyANaM, (5) Namo loe savvasAhUNaM, (6) samyagdarzanAya namaH (7) samyagjJAnAya namaH (8) samyak cAritrAya namaH / - sAtha hI pratyeka pada para rukatA huA usake artha kA vicAra karatA rahe / athavA apane hRdaya para yA mastaka para athavA donoM bhauMhoM ke bIca meM yA nAbhi meM 'hra 'haM' athavA 'OM' ko camakate hue sUryasama dekhe tathA una para arahanta evaM siddha ke svarUpa kA vicAra kare; ityAdi / yaha dhyAna eka se lekara aneka akSaroM ke maMtroM kA kiyA jA sakatA hai| ___rUpastha dhyAna-kisI mahApuruSa ke rUpa (pratikRti-AkRti)kA ekAgratApUrvaka dhyAna karanA rUpastha dhyAna hai| jaise-dhyAtA apane citta meM yaha cintana
Page #511
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ mokSavAda : karmoM se sarvathA mukti | 187 kare ki maiM samavasaraNa meM virAjamAna sAkSAt tIrthaMkara bhagavAn ko antarikSa dhyAnamaya paramavItarAgarUpa meM dekha rahA huuN| siMhAsana para bhagavAn chatra, cAmara Adi ATha mahAprAtihArya sahita virAjamAna haiN| samavasaraNa meM 12 pariSad haiM, jinameM deva, devI, manuSya, pazu, pakSI, sAdhu-sAdhvI, zrAvaka-zrAvikA Adi baiThe haiM / bhagavAn kI dharmadezanA (upadeza) ho rahI hai| rUpAtIta dhyAna-isa dhyAna meM dhyAtA apane Apako zuddha sphaTikamaya siddha bhagavAn kI AtmA ke samAna vicAra kara paramazuddha nirvikalpasvarUpa AtmA kA dhyAna karatA hai| zukladhyAna - dharmadhyAna kA abhyAsa karate hue sAdhaka jaba sAtaveM guNasthAna se AThaveM guNasthAna meM AtA hai, taba zukladhyAna ko apanAtA hai / zukladhyAna ke mukhyatayA cAra bheda haiM - (1) pRthaktvavitarka-savicAra (2) ekatvavitarka-nivicAra, (3) sUkSmakriyApratipAtI aura (4) vyaparatakriyAnivRtti (smucchinnkriyaanivRtti)| ina cAroM meM se pahale do zukladhyAnoM kA Azraya prAyaH eka hai, arthAt-donoM kA prArambha prAyaH pUrvajJAnadhArI AtmA dvArA hotA hai| isameM mASatuSa Adi jaise sAdhaka apavAda mAne jA sakate haiM ki unheM binA pUrvajJAna ke hI zukladhyAna kI prApti ho gaI thI / yahA~ yaha dhyAna rakhane yogya hai ki aisA koI kaMThora niyama nahIM hai ki pUrvajJAnI ke hI zukladhyAna kA prArambha ho; para itanA nizcita hai ki kevalajJAna kI prApti zukladhyAna ke bala para hI hotI hai| prArambha ke ye donoM,dhyAna vitarka (zrutajJAna) sahita haiN| donoM meM vitarka kA sAmya hone para bhI vaiSamya yaha hai ki pahale meM pRthaktva (bheda) hai, jabaki dUsare meM ekatva (abheda) hai| pRthaktvavitarkasavicAra-jaba dhyAtA pUrvadhara ho, taba vaha pUrvagata zruta ke AdhAra para aura pUrvadhara na ho to apane meM (zuddhAtmA meM lIna) sambhAvita zrutajJAna ke AdhAra para kisI bhI paramANu Adi jar3a meM yA AtmarUpa cetana meM-eka dravya meM utpatti, sthiti, nAza, mattatva, amRtatva Adi aneka paryAyoM kA dravyArthika, paryAyAthika Adi vividha nayoM dvArA bhedapradhAna cintana karatA hai| 1 'pRthaktvakatvavitarkasUkSmakriyApratipAti-vyuparatakriyAnivRttIni / ' -tattvArthasUtra a0 6 / 41
Page #512
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 188 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA * yathAsambhava zrutajJAna ke AdhAra para vaha kisI eka dravyarUpa artha se paryAyarUpa anya artha para athavA eka paryAyarUpa artha para se anya paryAyarUpa artha para yA eka paryAyarUpa artha para se anya dravyarUpa artha para cintana karatA hai| isa prakAra usakA cintana artha se zabda para aura zabda para se artha para calatA rahatA hai| isI taraha mana, vacana, kAyA ina tInoM yogoM kA Alambana bhI badalatA rahatA hai / zabda, artha aura dhyeya padArtha bhI palaTatA rahatA hai| ataH jisa dhyAna meM zratajJAna (vitarka) kA avalambana lekara eka artha para se dUsare artha, eka zabda para se dUsare zabda para, yA artha para se zabda para yA zabda para se artha para tathA eka yoga se dUsare yoga para saMkramaNa (saMcAra) kiyA jAtA hai, use pRthaktvavitarkasavicAra zukladhyAna kahate haiN| yaha AThaveM se gyArahaveM-bArahaveM guNasthAna taka hI hotA hai| ___ekatva-vitarka-nivicAra-pUrvokta kathana ke viparIta jaba . dhyAtA apane meM sambhAvya zrutajJAna (vitarka) ke AdhAra para kisI eka hI paryAyarUpa padArtha para, tInoM yogoM meM se kisI eka yoga para yA kisI eka hI zabda para ekatva (abheda) pradhAna cintana meM apanA upayoga sthira kara letA hai, zabda yA artha ke cintana kA evaM vibhinna yogoM meM saMkramaNa kA parivartana nahIM karatA, usakA vaha dhyAna ekatvavitarka nirvicAra nAmaka dvitIya zukladhyAna hai| yaha dhyAna 12veM guNasthAna meM hotA hai| ukta donoM zukladhyAnoM meM se pahale bhedapradhAna zukladhyAna kA abhyAsa dRr3ha ho jAne ke bAda hI dUsare abheda (ekatva) pradhAna zukladhyAna kI yogyatA prApta hotI hai| ina donoM zukladhyAnoM meM sampUrNa jagat ke bhinna-bhinna viSayoM meM bhaTakate hue mana ko kisI bhI eka viSaya para kendrita karake sthira kiyA jAtA hai| upayukta krama se donoM prakAra ke dhyAnoM se eka viSaya para sthiratA prApta hote hI mana bhI sarvathA zAnta ho jAtA hai| caMcalatA miTa jAne se mana niSprakampa bana jAtA hai| phalataH jJAna ke samasta AvaraNoM kA vilaya ho jAne para sarvajJatA prakaTa hotI hai| sUkSmakriyApratipAtI-jaba sarvajJa bhagavAn yoganirodha ke krama meM anta meM sUkSmazarIrayoga kA Azraya lekara zeSa yogoM ko roka dete haiM, taba vaha sUkSmakriyA'pratipAtI dhyAna kahalAtA hai| yaha dhyAna 13veM guNasthAna ke anta 1 zukle cAdya pUrvavidaH, pare kevalinaH / -tattvArtha0 a0 6 sU039-40
Page #513
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ mokSavAda : karmoM se sarvathA mukti | 189 meM hotA hai, jabaki sarvajJa - arihanta kA kAyayoga atisUkSma raha jAtA hai, zvAsocchavAsa ke samAna sUkSma kriyA hI zeSa raha jAtI hai / isa dhyAna meM patana kI sambhAvanA nahIM hai / samucchinna ( vyuparata ) kriyAnivRtti jaba zarIra kI zvAsocchvAsa Adi sUkSma kriyAe~ bhI banda ho jAtI haiM aura Atmapradeza mana-vacana-kAyA, tInoM yogoM ke nirodha se sarvathA niSprakampa ho jAte haiN| isa prakAra kA dhyAna samucchinnakriyAnivRtti nAmaka caturtha zuvaladhyAna kahalAtA hai / yaha dhyAna 14 ve guNasthAna meM hotA hai, jisameM sthUla yA sUkSma kisI bhI prakAra kI mAnasika, vAcika yA kAyika kriyA nahIM hotI / yaha sthiti bAda meM naSTa bhI nahIM hotI / isa caturtha dhyAna ke prabhAva se samasta Asrava aura bandha ke nirodhapUrvaka zeSa karmoM ke sarvathA kSaya ho jAne se mokSa prApta hotA hai / isameM AtmA nizcala, ayogo - niSprakampa hokara karmoM ke sabhI baMdhanoM ko kATa kara paramAtmA yA siddhamukta bana jAtA hai / ' tIsarA aura cauthA zukladhyAna kevalI bhagavAn ke hI hotA hai / ina donoM dhyAnoM meM kisI prakAra kA zrutajJAna kA Alambana nahIM hotA / yaha cAra prakAra kA zukladhyAna kramazaH tIna yoga vAle, kisI eka yoga vAle, kAyayoga vAle aura ayogI ko hotA hai / " mukti kI prakriyA : adhikAdhika nirjarA muktiyA mokSa kA artha sampUrNa karmoM kA Atyantika kSaya batAyA gayA thA / usakI prakriza kramazaH isa prakAra hai vAstava meM, karmasambandha ke mukhya sAdhana do haiM-- kaSAya aura yoga / kaSAya prabala hotA hai, taba karmaparamANu AtmA ke sAtha adhika kAla taka cipake rahate haiM, tIvra phala bhI dete haiM / kintu kaSAya ke manda hote hI karmoM kI sthiti bhI alpa ho jAtI hai aura phalapradAnazakti bhI manda ho jAtI hai / jaise - jaise kaSAya manda hotI jAtI hai, jaise-vaise karma- nirjarA adhika hotI jAtI hai, puNyabandha bhI zithila hotA jAtA hai / tattvArthasUtra meM dhyAna kA vizeSa svarUpa jAnane ke lie hemacandrAcArya kA yogazAstra, zubhacandrAcArya kA jJAnArNava, dhyAnazataka Adi grantha draSTavya haiM / 2 tatyeka kAyayogAyogAnAm / 0 a0 1 sU0 42 - tattvArtha 0 . - tattvArtha0 a0 10 / 3 3 kRtsna karmakSayo mokSaH / 1
Page #514
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 160 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA samyagdRSTi se lekara jina-avasthA taka uttarottara kramazaH asaMkhyegguNI nirjarA batAI hai| samyagdRSTi se zrAvaka, virata, anantAnubandhI-viyojaka, darzanamohakSapaka, upazamaka, upazAntamoha, kSapaka, kSoNamoha aura jina taka, ye dasa sthAna kramazaH asaMkhyAtaguNI nirjarA vAle haiN|' ___ vastutaH sarvakarmabandhanoM kA kSaya hI mokSa hai| karmoM kA aMzataH kSaya nirjarA hai / donoM ke lakSaNoM para vicAra karane se spaSTa hai ki mokSa kA pUrvagAmI aMga nirjarA hai| viziSTa mokSAbhimukhatA hai| samyagdRSTi kI prApti se lekara sarvajJadazA taka dasa vibhAgoM meM vibhakta hai, jinameM pUrva-pUrva kI apekSA uttara-uttara vibhAga meM pariNAmavizuddhi adhikAdhika hotI jAtI hai| pariNAmavizuddhi dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna kI prakriyA se hotI hai aura pariNAmavizuddhi jitanI adhika hotI hai, utano-utanI vizeSa karmanirjarA bhI hotI hai / ataH prathama-prathama avasthA meM hone vAlI karmanirjarA kI apekSA Age-Age ko avasthA meM karmanirjarA asaMkhyAtagunI bar3hatI jAtI hai| sabase adhika nirjarA sarvajJa jina bhagavAn kI hotI hai| kaSAyoM kA lagabhaga nAza to dasaveM guNasthAna meM hI ho jAtA hai| gyArahaveM guNasthAna meM moha upazAnta ho jAtA hai / bArahave meM vaha kSINa ho jAtA hai| terahaveM guNasthAna meM vItarAga kevalI ke yoga ke nimitta se do samaya kI sthiti kA sirpha sAtAvedanIya kamaprakRti kA bandha hotA hai| prathama samaya meM karmaparamANu AtmA ke sAtha sambandha karate haiM, dUsare samaya meM bhoga liye jAte haiM aura tIsare samaya meM karma unase bichaDa jAte haiN| caudahaveM guNasthAna meM mana-vacana-kAyA kI sabhI pravRttiyA~ ruka jAtI haiM, isalie vahA~ nage karma kA bandha nahIM hotA, kevala pUrvasaMcita karmoM kI nirjarA hotI hai| abandha dazA meM AtmA zeSa karmoM ko sarvathA kSaya karake mukta ho ho jAtA hai| mukta-AtmA punaH karmamala lipta nahIM hotA jisa mahAn AtmA ne karmoM kA Atyantika nAza kara diyA hai, vaha punaH karmamala se lipta nahIM hotA; vaha siddha-buddha-mukta ho jAtA hai| jaba AtmA eka bAra pUrNa rUpa se karmoM se vimukta ho jAtA hai, phira vaha kabhI karmabaddha nahIM hotA, kyoMki usa avasthA meM karmabandha ke kAraNoM kA sarvathA 1 samyagdRSTi zrAvaka - viratAnantaviyojaka-darzanamohakSapakopazamakopazAntamohakSapaka kSINamoha-jinAH krmsho'sNkhyeygunnnirjraaH| -tattvArtha * a0 6 / 47
Page #515
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ bhokSavAda : karmoM se sarvathA mukti | 161 abhAva ho jAtA hai / jaise -bIja ke jala jAne para usameM punaH aMkurita hone ( utpAdana) zakti nahIM rahatI isI taraha karmarUpI bIja sarvathA jala jAne para saMsArarUpI aMkura kI bhI utpatti nahIM hotI / isase spaSTa dhvanita hotA hai ki jo AtmA kabhI karmoM se ba~dhA ho, vaha eka dina unase mukta bhI ho sakatA hai| muktAvasthA kA sukha aura sAMsArika sukha mukta AtmAe~ mokSa meM ananta Atmika sukhoM meM lIna ho jAtI haiM / muktAvasthA meM karmoM kI koI upAdhi na rahane se zarIra, indriya evaM mana kA vahA~ sarvathA abhAva ho jAtA hai / isa kAraNa mukta AtmA janma, jarA, mRtyu, vyAdhi evaM vedanA se chuTakArA pAkara sadaiva ananta Atmika sukhoM meM ramaNa karatA hai jo nirbandhana nirupAdhika viSayoM se atIta sukha hai / uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM kahA hai ki bhUta-bhaviSyat vartamAna, ina tInoM kAla ke divya sukhoM ko ekatrita karake unheM ananta bAra guNA karane para jo rAzi AtI hai, usase bhI mokSa ke sukha adhika haiN| saMkSepa meM mokSasukha akSaya, avyaya, avyAbAdha, anupameya evaM anirvacanIya hai / - tase anabhijJa loga zaMkA karate haiM ki mokSa meM to kucha bhI sukha nahIM hai / vahA~ mana bahalAne kA koI sAdhana nahIM hai / Amoda-pramoda ke sAdhana bhI nahIM haiM / bAga, baMgalA tathA anya sukhasAmagrI bhI nahIM, ataH vahA~ kyA sukha ho sakatA hai ? isake uttara meM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki saMsAra meM jisa abhISTa vastu ke na milane se duHkha mAnA jAtA hai, vaha duHkha mokSa meM nahIM hai / kyoMki sarvaduHkhoM ke kAraNa karma hI haiM / mukAtmAe~ to karmakalaMka se sarvathA rahita haiM / unheM karmajanya vaiSayika sukha yA duHkha ho hI nahIM sakatA / saMsArI manuSya pAMcoM indriyoM ke viSayoM kI tRpti meM sukha mAnatA hai, kintu ve sukha kitane kSaNika, parAdhIna evaM viyoga meM duHkhakAraka haiM ? yaha anubhava to sabhI ko hotA hai / ataH zubhakarmajanya sukha vAstavika sukha nahIM hai, ve duHkha kA bIja bone vAle haiM, ataH unakA bho kSaya karake AtmA karmamukta hokara ananta, 1 dagdhe bIje yathA'tyantaM prAdurbhavati nAMkuraH / karma bIje tathA dagdhe, na rohati bhavAMkuraH / 2 aupapAtikasUtra siddhAdhikAra 13 uttarA0 23081 - tattvArtha bhASya kArikA 8
Page #516
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 162 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA svAdhIna Atmika sukha prApta kara letA hai| mokSa meM khAnA-pInA, khelanAkUdanA, nahAnA-dhonA Adi zArIrika kriyAoM se sambandhita sukha nahIM haiM, kyoMki mukta AtmAe~ azarIrI haiM / zarIra na hone se unameM zabda, rUpa, gandha, rasa aura sparza nahIM haiM, phira bhI ve janma-maraNAdi duHkhoM ke atyantAbhAva rUpa ananta Ananda kA anubhava kara rahI haiM / aise muktAtmA apane nirmala cidra pa meM sadaiva Anandita haiN| karmamukta zuddhadazA kA jo sukha hai, vahI pAramArthika sukha hai| mokSa kA zAzvatatva - kaI loga yaha zaMkA karate haiM ki karmabaddha AtmA jaba karmoM se sarvathA mukta ho jAtA hai, to usakA mokSa ho jAtA hai, isalie yoM kahanA cAhie ki mokSa kI bhI utpatti hotI hai, kyoMki usakI Adi hai| aura jisa vastu kI utpatti hotI hai, usakA eka dina vinAza bhI hotA hai| ataH mokSa kI utpatti hone se usakA bhI anta honA cAhie / isa prakAra mokSa zAzvata siddha nahIM ho sktaa| tathA jo AtmA mokSa meM jAtA hai, vaha bhI kucha samaya vahA~ rahakara punaH saMsAra meM aajaaegaa| isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki mokSa koI utpanna hone vAlI vastu nahIM hai| kevala karmabandha se chuTa jAnA athavA kamI kA AtmA para se haTa jAnA hI AtmA kA mokSa hai| isase AtmA meM koI naI vastu utpanna nahIM hotI, jisase usake antaM kI kalpanA karanI pdd'e| jisa prakAra bAdala haTa jAne se jAjvalyamAna sUrya prakAzita ho jAtA hai, isI prakAra karmoM ke AvaraNa haTa jAne se AtmA ke saba guNa prakAzita ho jAte haiN| dUsare zabdoM meM, AtmA apane mUla jyotirmaya citasvarUpa meM pUrNa prakAzita (AtmasvarUpa lAbha) ho jAtA hai isI kA nAma mokSa hai| mukta AtmA kA punarAgamana nahIM hotA sarvathA nirmala mukta AtmA punaH karma se baddha nahIM hotA, isI kAraNa usakA saMsAra meM punarAvartana (punaH Agamana) nahIM hotaa| jaba siddha 1. AcArAMga zru0 1. a0 5 / 6 2 (ka) AtmalAbhaM vidurmokSaM, jIvasyAntarmalakSayAt / nAbhAvo, vA'pyacaitanyaM, na caitanyamanarthakam '-middhivinizcaya pR0 384 (kha) mokSasya nahi vAso'sti, na grAmAntarameva ca / ajJAnahRdaya granthinAzo, mokSa iti smRtaH / / : : -zivagItA 13 / 32 3 apuNarAvittisiddhigainAmadheyaM ThANaM saMpattANaM / zakrastava (namotyuNaM) pATha
Page #517
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ mokSavAda : karmoM se sarvathA mukti | 193 AtmA karmapudgaloM se sarvathA rahita svaguNoM meM virAjamAna haiM, taba ve sthitiyukta kaise ho sakate haiM / karmabaddha AtmAe~ hI sthitiyukta hoto haiM, sarvathA karma- muktAtmAe~ nahIM / vyavahAra meM bhI dekhA jAtA hai ki jo vyakti duSkarmoM ke kAraNa kArAgRha meM jAte haiM, unakI to sthiti sajA kI avadhi bAMdhI jAtI hai, kintu jaba koI kArAvAsa kI sajA kI avadhi pUrI ho jAne ke pazcAt mukta kara diyA jAtA hai, taba phira usake lie rAjakIya patra ( gajaTa ) meM aisA nahIM likhA jAtA ki amuka vyakti ko kArAgRha se mukta kiyA gayA, use amuka samaya bAda punaH kArAgRha meM DAlA jAegA / ataH muktAtmA kA punaH saMsAra meM Agamana yuktisaMgata nahIM hai / upaniSad gItA Adi granthoM meM bhI isI apunarAgamana siddhAnta kA samarthana kiyA gayA hai / jo loga mokSa kA rahasya nahIM samajhate haiM, ve mokSa se vApasa saMsAra meM lauTane kI yuktiviruddha bAta kahate haiM / vAstava meM, aise loga svarga ko hI . mokSa samajhate haiM / brahmaloka, baikuNTha, goloka Adi mokSa kI koTi meM nahIM, svarga kI koTi meM hI A sakate haiM / karmakANDI mImAMsakoM ne tathA IsAI dharma evaM islAmadharma Adi ke pravatta koM svarga, Heaven, jannata Adi ko hI vikAsa kI antima maMjila mAnA / .mukti se punarAgamana ke pakSadhara eka aura vicitra tarka dete haiM ki yadi mukta AtmAe~ punaH saMsAra meM lauTakara nahIM Ae~gI to saMsAra khAlI ho jAegA, saMsAra meM jIvoM kA astitva hI nahIM rahegA, kyoMki saMsAra se itane jIva mukti meM cale jAe~ge, arthAt(- unakA vyaya ho jAegA, taba yoM vyaya hote-hote eka dina saMsAra se jIvoM kA sarvathA vyaya ( rikta) ho jAegA / kintu unakA yaha tarka nirmUla hai| AtmA (jIva) ananta haiM / jo ananta hai, usakA kadApi anta nahIM A sakatA / yadi ananta kA bhI anta mAnA jAegA, taba to use ananta kahanA hI nirarthaka hai / IzvaratvavAdiyoM kI mAnyatA hai ki Izvara ne ananta bAra sRSTi kA utpAdana kiyA, ananta bAra sRSTi kA pralaya kiyA tathA bhaviSya meM bhI vaha ananta bAra sRSTi racanA karegA aura ananta bAra sRSTi kA pralaya bhI karegA / 1 (ka) 'na ma punarAvartate, na punarAvartate / ' (kha) yadgatvA na nivartante taddhAma paramaM mama / - chAndogyopaniSad - bhagavadgItA, a0 8 zlo0 21
Page #518
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 164 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA hama pUchate haiM ki ananta - ananta bAra sRSTi kI utpatti aura pralaya karane meM Izvara kI zakti kA anta huA yA nahIM ? isa para unakA kahanA hai ki 'Izvara anantazaktimAna hai, usakI zakti kA kabhI anta nahIM ho sakatA, na hrAsa ho sakatA hai|' to hamArA kahanA hai ki isI prakAra jIva bhI ananta haiM / saMsAra meM se kitane hI jIva mukti meM cale jAe~ phira bhI unakA anta nahIM A sakatA / Izvara kI anantazakti jaise kisI bhI kAla meM nyUna nahIM hotI usI prakAra ananta AtmAe~ kisI bhI kAla meM saMsAracakra se bAhara nahIM ho sakatIM / saMsAra ko anAdi ananta mAnane para bhI samagra saMsAra kabhI mukta nahIM ho sakA, to phira bhaviSya meM isakA anta hone kI sambhAvanA kaise kI jA sakatI hai ? ataH mukta AtmAoM kI apunarAvRtti kI mAnyatA hI yuktisaMgata siddha hotI hai / mokSa meM AtmaguNoM kA nAza nahIM mokSa meM AtmA ke sabhI nijaguNa zuddha evaM pUrNa vikasita rUpa meM vidyamAna rahate haiM / vaizeSika Adi kucha dArzanika mokSa meM sabhI AtmaguNoM kA sarvathA uccheda mAnate haiM, ' yaha yathamapi yuktisaMgata nahIM hai / kamajanya icchA-dveSAdi avasthAoM ke sivAya yadi AtmA apane buddhi-jJAna guNa se bhI rahita ho jAegA, taba to cetanArahita jar3a - padArthavat ho jAegA / phira to jar3a padArtha aura mukta AtmA meM koI antara nahIM raha jAegA / kintu vAstavikatA aisI nahIM hai / satya tathya yaha hai ki mokSa meM sabhI AtmaguNa apane asalI svarUpa meM vidyamAna rahate haiM / mukta jIvoM kI Urdhvagati kaise ? jaba saba karmoM se rahita ho jAtA hai, taba vaha tatkAla gati karatA hai, sthira nahIM rahatA / vaha gati U~cI aura loka ke anta taka hI hotI hai, usase Upara nahIM / prazna hotA hai ki karma athavA zarIra Adi paudgalika padArthoM kI sahAyatA ke binA karmamukta amUrta' jIva gati kaise karatA hai ? usakI gati Urdhva hI kyoM hotI hai ? ina praznoM ke samAdhAna isa prakAra haiM 1 buddhi-sukha-duHkha-icchA-dveSa prayatna-dharmAdharma-saMskArANAM navAnAmAtmaguNAnAM ucchedaH mokSaH / - vaizeSikadarzana
Page #519
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ mokSavAda : karmoM se sarvathA mukti | 165 jIvadravya kA svabhAva pudgaladravya kI bhAMti gatizIla hai / antara itanA hI hai ki pudgala svabhAvataH adhogatizIla hai aura jIva UrdhvagatizIla / parantu jIva anya pratibandhakadravya ke saMga yA bandhana ke kAraNa gati nahIM karatA athavA nIcI yA tirachI dizA meM gati karatA hai / aisA pratibandhaka dravya karma hai | karma saMga chUTane para aura usake bandhana TUTane para koI pratibandhaka to rahatA nahIM, ataH mukta AtmA ko apane svabhAvAnusAra Urdhvagati karane kA avasara milatA hai / yahA~ pUrvaprayoga nimitta banatA hai, mukta jIva ke Urdhvagati karane meM / pUrva prayoga kA artha hai - pUrvabaddha karma chUTa jAne ke bAda bhI usase prApta vega (Aveza ) / jaise - kumhAra kA cAka DaNDe aura hAtha ke haTA lene ke bAda bhI pahale se prApta vega ke kAraNa' ghUmatA rahatA hai, vaise ho karmamukta jIva bhI pUrvakarma se prApta Aveza ke kAraNa svabhAvAnusAra Urdhvagati hI karatA hai / bhagavatI sUtra ( zataka 7 udda ezaka 1) meM bhagavAn mahAvIra aura gautama svAmI kA isa sambandha meM praznottara aMkita hai / zrI gautamasvAmI dvArA akarmaka (karmamukta jIvoM kI gati ke sambandha meM pUche jAne para zrI bhagavAn ne kahA- - akarmaka jIvoM kI bhI (Urdhva) gati mAnI jAtI hai, usake nimnokta 6 kAraNa haiM - (1) karmoM kA saMga chUTane se, (2) moha ke dUra hone se - rAga rahita hone se, (3) gati - pariNAma (svabhAva) se, (4) karmabandhana ke chedana se, (5) karmarUpI IMdhana ke abhAva se, aura (6) pUrvaprayoga se / . ina kAraNoM se akarmaka jIvoM kI gati jAnI jAtI hai / inhIM kAraNoM ko dRSTAnta dekara bhagavAn samajhAte haiM jaise koI vyakti chidrarahita evaM vAyu Adi se anupahata sUkhe tumbe ko kramazaH parikarma ( saMskArita) karatA huA usa para darbha aura kuzA lapeTatA hai, phira ATha bAra miTTI kA lepa lagAtA hai, bAra-bAra dhUpa meM sukhAtA hai / jaba tumbA saba prakAra sUkha jAtA hai, taba use athAha aura ataraNIya (jo taira kara pAra na kiyA jA sake ) jala meM DAlatA hai / aisI sthiti meM miTTI ke ATha lepoM se bhArI banA huA vaha tumbA pAnI ke tala ko pAra karake TheTha nIce dharatI ke tala para jAkara Thahara jAtA hai / kintu vahI tumbA miTTI ke lepa utara jAne se jaise Upara ko uTha AtA hai, usI prakAra karmoM kA 1 (ka) tadanantaramUrdhvaM gacchantyAlokAntAt / (kha) pUrva prayogAdasaMgattvAd badhacchedAttathAgatipariNAmAcca tadgatiH / - tattvArtha0 a0 10 / 5-6
Page #520
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 196 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA gAr3hA lepa AtmA para se sarvathA utara jAne se, karmoM kA saMga na rahane se, nIrAga (nirlepa ) hone se, AtmA ke svAbhAvika gati ( Urdhvagamana) - pariNAma se akarmaka (karmamukta) jIvoM kI bhI gati (Urdhvagamana) mAnI jAtI hai / niSkarSa yaha hai ki jisa prakAra bandhanoM evaM lepoM se rahita hokara tumbA jala ke Upara A jAtA hai, usI prakAra karmamukta AtmA bhI karmabandhanoM evaM karmalepoM se sarvathA rahita hokara Urdhvagamana karake lokAgrabhAga meM virAjamAna ho jAtA hai / isake pazcAt bandhana-chedana se karmamukta kI gati ke viSaya meM praznottara hai gautama --bhante ! bandhana-chedana se karmarahita jIvoM kI gati kisa prakAra janI jAtI hai ? bhagavAn - gautama ! jaise-- kalAI kI phalI, mUMga kI phalI, yA ur3ada kI phalI ko athavA eraNDa ke phala ko dhUpa meM sukhAne para ukta phalI ke yA eraNDaphala ke TUTate hI usakA bIja ekadama chiTaka kara Upara kI ora uchalatA hai / ThIka usI prakAra karmabandhana ke TUTate hI karmamukta jIva zarIra ko chor3akara ekadama Urdhvagamana karatA hai / sArAMza yaha hai ki jaise eraNDa Adi ke sUkhe phala se bIja bandhanarahita hokara ekadama Upara ko uchalatA hai, usI prakAra karmamukta jIva bhI karmabandhana se rahita hote hI Urdhvagati karatA hai / isake pazcAt karmarUpI IMdhana se rahita hone se jIvoM kI Urdhvagati ke viSaya meM gautama dvArA prazna karane para bhagavAn ne kahA- gautama ! jisa prakAra dhuA IMdhana se vipramukta ( IMdhana kA abhAva ) hote hI svAbhAvika rUpa se binA kisI vyAghAta ( rukAvaTa ) ke Urdhvagamana karatA hai, ThIka isI prakAra karmarUpa IMdhana na milane se karmamukta jIva bhI svAbhAvika rUpa se Urdhvagamana karate haiM / pUrva prayoga se karmamukta AtmA kI Urdhvagati ke viSaya meM prazna karane para bhagavAn ne kahA--gautama ! jaise- dhanuSa se tIra chUTate hI vaha lakSyAbhimukha hokara binA kisI rukAvaTa ke gati karatA hai, usI prakAra karmoM kA saMga chUTane se, rAgarahita (nirlepa ) ho jAne se, yAvat pUrvaprayoga vaza akarma( karmamukta ) jIvoM kA Urdhvagamana mAnA jAtA hai / niSkarSa yaha hai ki jitane bala se jisa dizA meM dhanuSa-bANa calAne
Page #521
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ mokSavAda : karmoM se sarvathA mukti | 167 vAlA tIra calatA hai, tora chUTate hI vaha usI lakSya kI dizA meM utane hI vegapUrvaka gati karatA hai, isI prakAra jaba AtmA tInoM yogoM kA sarvathA nirodha karake zarIra se pRthak hotA hai, taba vaha zarIra se chUTate hI svAbhAvika rUpa se sIdhA Urdhvagamana karatA hai| ataH yaha siddha huA ki karmamukta siddha paramAtmA lokAgrabhAgaparyanta jAkara vahA~ sAdi-anantapada vAle hokara siddhazilA' para virAjamAna ho jAte haiN| mokSaprApti kisako ? pahale batAyA gayA hai ki samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, samyakcAritra aura samyaktapa kI jo ArAdhanA karatA hai, vahI saMsAra se mukti pA sakatA hai| bhagavadgItA meM batAyA gayA hai ki jo mAna-moha se rahita hai, Asakti doSa para vijayI ho cuke haiM, sadA adhyAtmabhAva meM sthita haiM, kAmanAoM se nivRtta haiM aura sukha-duHkhAdi dvandvoM se mukta haiM, mohamukta haiM, ve jJAnI avyayapada-mokSa ko prApta hote haiN| . isI lakSaNa ko jainadarzana meM saMkSepa se kahA gayA hai ki jo samasta karmoM kA sarvathA kSaya karate haiM athavA samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritra kI yathArtha sAdhanA karate haiM, ve mokSa prApta karate haiM, cAhe phira ve kisI bhI dharma, jAti. liMga, deza, veSa Adi ke hoN| isI bAta ko lakSya karake tIrthasiddha Adi 15 prakAra se siddha-mukta hone kA jainAgamoM meM ullekha haiN| mokSaprApti ke prathama cAra durlama aMga mokSaprApti ke lie prAthamika cAra durlabha aMgoM kA honA Avazyaka hai| ve cAra parama aMga ye haiM-(1) sarvaprathama manuSyatva, (2) phira dharmazAstroM kA zravaNa, (3) deva, guru, dharma, aura zAstra para zraddhA aura (4) ahiMsA, satya Adi saMyama aura tapa Adi dharmAcaraNa meM parAkrama-abhyAsa / 1 siddhazilA kA varNana 'siddha bhagavAn' ke varNana meM kara cuke haiN| -saM0 2 nirmAnamohA jitasaMgadoSA adhyAtmanityA vinivRttakAmAH / dvandva vimuktAH sukhaduHkha saMjargacchantyamUDhA padamavyayaM tat / -bhagavadgItA a0 1515 3 tIrthasiddhA' Adi 15 prakAra se siddha hone kA vistRta varNana siddhAdhikAra meM kara cuke haiN| -sa0
Page #522
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 168 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA mokSa prApti kaba hotI hai ? kAla, svabhAva, niyati, pUrvakRta karmakSaya aura puruSArtha, ina pAMca kAraNoM kA samavAya -sammilana hone para bhavya manuSya ko mokSa prApti hotI hai / bhavya jIva kAla (samaya) Ane para hI mokSa pAte haiM / kAla ke sAtha 'svabhAva' kI AvazyakatA hai / yadi sirpha kAla se hI mokSa mila jAe to abhavya jIvoM ko bhI mokSa mila jAnA cAhie kintu nahIM milatA, kyoMki unameM mukta hone kA svabhAva nahIM haiM / kAla aura svabhAva ke sAtha niyati ( bhavitavyatA) bhI mokSaprApti meM parama kAraNa hai, anyathA sAre bhavya jIva eka sAtha mukta ho jAne cAhie, kintu nahIM hote / jinheM kAla, svabhAva ke sAtha niyati kA yoga prApta hotA hai, ve hI mukta hote haiM / kAla, svabhAva aura niyati kA yoga hone para bhI anukUla puruSArtha kI AvazyakatA hai / rAjA zreNika tyAga pratyAkhyAnarUpa puruSArtha na kara sake, isa kAraNa mukta na ho sake / ina cAroM kA yoga hone para bhI pUrvakRta karmoM kA sarvathA kSaya honA honA Avazyaka hai / kucha karma zeSa rahane ke kAraNa zAlibhadra muni mokSa nahIM pA sake / mokSaprApti kahA~ se hotI hai| ? mokSaprApti kevala manuSyagati se ho sakatI hai, deva, tiryaJce evaM narakagati se nahIM / jitanA bar3A manuSyaloka hai, utanA hI bar3A muktisthAna siddhazilA hai / yoM to grAma, nagara, parvata, nadI, samudra Adi kisI bhI sthAna se manuSya mukta ho sakatA hai, vahA~ se sIdhI AkAza zreNI dvArA gamana karatA huA siddhazilA ke Upara lokAgrabhAga meM jAkara sthita ho jAtA hai / muktiyogya kSetra 15 haiM - pAMca bharata, pAMca airAvata aura pAMca mahAvideha | eka siddhAvagAhanA meM ananta siddha siddhazilA jaise choTe-se sthAna meM jahA~ eka siddha hai, vahA~ ananta siddhoM ke pradeza paraspara eka rUpa hokara usI prakAra rahe hue haiM; jisa prakAra eka dIpaka ke prakAza meM hajAroM dIpakoM kA prakAza paraspara ekarUpa hokara rahatA hai / lekina ekarUpa hote hue bhI jisa prakAra pratyeka dIpaka ke prakAza kA pRthaka astitva bhI rahatA hai, usI prakAra pratyeka siddha jIva ke Atma pradezoM 1 sanmatitarka prakaraNa, tRtIyakANDa, bhA0 5, gA0 53, pR0 710 2 prajJApanA, pada 2
Page #523
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ mokSavAda : karmoM se sarvathA mukti | 166 kA bhI pRthak astitva rahatA hai| jisa prakAra eka puruSa ke antaHkaraNa meM nAnA prakAra kI bhASAoM kI AkRtiyA~ paraspara ekarUpa hokara rahatI haiM, usI prakAra muktAtmAe~ bhI paraspara AtmapradezoM se sammilita hokara virAjamAna haiN|' karmamukta AtmAoM ko aSTaguNoM kI upalabdhi __ ATha karmoM ke kSaya hone se siddhoM-muktAtmAoM ko 8 viziSTa AtmikaguNoM kI upalabdhi hotI hai| jJAnAvaraNIya ke kSaya se kevalajJAna, darzanAvaraNIya karma ke kSaya se kevaladarzana, vedanIyakarma ke kSaya se avyAbAdha sukha, mohanIyakarma ke kSaya se kSAyika samyaktva, AyuSya karma ke kSaya se akSayasthiti (aTala avagAhanA), nAmakarma ke kSaya se arUpIpana (amUtatA), gotrakarma ke kSaya se agRrulaghutva aura antarAya karma se kSaya se anantavIrya (zakti) prApta hotA hai| inhIM ATha varmoM kI 31 prakRtiyoM ke kSaya se siddhoM meM 31 guNa prakaTa hote haiM / isI prakAra 5 saMsthAna, 5 varNa, 2 gandha, 5 rasa aura 8 sparza se tathA zarIra, saMga (Asakti), pUnarjanma, strItva, puruSatva evaM napuMsakatva ina 6 se rahita hone se siddha bhagavAn nirupAdhika (31 upAdhiyoM se rahita) kahalAte haiM, ye bhI unake 31 guNa haiN| karmamukta hone vAle sAdhakoM ko cAra mukhya zreNiyAM prathama zreNI ke sAdhakoM ke karma kA bhAra alpa hotA hai| unakA sAdhanA kAla dIrgha ho sakatA hai, parantu unheM na to asahya kaSTa sahane par3ate haiM, na hI kaThora tapa karanA Avazyaka hotA hai, ve sahaja jIvana bitAte hue mukta hote haiN| yathA-bharata cakravartI / dvitIya zreNI ke sAdhakoM ke karma kA bhAra alpatara hotA hai| unakA sAdhanA-kAla bhI alpatara hotA hai| ve atyalpa tapa aura atyalpa kaSTa kA anubhava karate hue sahajabhAva se mukta hote haiM / yathA-marudevI maataa| .. tRtIya zreNI ke sAdhakoM kA karmabhAra adhika hotA hai / unakA sAdhanAkAla alpa hotA hai kintu ve ghora tapa aura ghora kaSTa kA anubhava karake mukta hote haiM / isa zreNI ke sAdhakoM meM gajakumAra muni kA nAma ullekhanIya hai / 1 (ka) "jattha ego siddho tattha aNaMta bhavakkhayavippakmukA aNNoNNasamogADhA puTThA savve logate / " -prajJApanA pada 2 (kha) eka mAhiM aneka rAje, aneka mAhi ekakaM /
Page #524
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 200 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA caturtha zreNI ke sAdhakoM kA karmabhAra atyadhika hotA hai / unakA sAdhanAkAla dIrghatara hotA hai / ve ghora tapa aura ghora kaSTa sahana kara mukta hote haiM / isa zreNI ke sAdhakoM meM sanatkumAra cakravartI kA nAma ullekhanIya hai / mokSaprApti ke lie AdhyAtmika vikAsakrama mokSa kA artha hai- AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI paripUrNatA / yaha pUrNatA ekAeka prApta nahIM ho jAtI / aneka bhavoM meM bhramaNa karatA huA jIva dhIredhIre Atmika unnati karake pUrNa avasthA taka pahu~catA hai / AtmavikAsa ke usa mArga meM jIva kramika vikAsa kI jina-jina avasthAoM ko prApta karatA hai, unheM 'guNasthAna' kahA jAtA hai / guNoM - AtmazaktiyoM ke sthAnoMAtmA kI kramika vikAsAvasthAoM - kramika vizuddhisthAnoM ko guNasthAna kahate haiM / guNasthAna 14 haiM (1) mithyAdRSTi guNasthAna - sarvajJabhASita tattvoM se viparIta dRSTi ( vicAradhArA) vAlA jIva mithyAdRSTi hai / mithyAdRSTi - guNasthAna vAlA jIva viparIta zraddhA hote hue bhI ahiMsA, satya, brahmacarya Adi guNoM meM zraddhA rakhatA hai, unheM uttama mAnatA hai / kintu usakI tattvazraddhA tathA AtmazraddhA samyak na hone se usameM midhyAdRSTi guNasthAna mAnA gayA hai / (2) sAsvAdana samyagdRSTi guNasthAna - jo jIva aupazamika samyaktva vAlA hai, lekina anantAnubandhI kaSAya ke udaya se mithyAtva kI ora jhuka rahA hai | jaba taka yaha jova mithyAtva ko prApta nahIM karatA, taba taka vaha sAsvAdana samyagdRSTi hai, usakI isa avasthA kA nAma sAsvAdana samyagdRSTi guNasthAna hai / (3) samya mithyAdRSTi guNasthAna - anya tattvoM para zuddhazraddhA rakhatA huA bhI jIva mizramohanIya karmodaya se kisI eka tattva yA tattvAMza para sayukta rahatA hai / usakI isa zaMkAzIla avasthA kA nAma samyakmathyAdRSTi (mizra dRSTi) guNasthAna hai / (4) aviratisamyagdRSTi guNasthAna - sAvadyakAryoM kA tyAga karanA virati hai | cAritra aura vrata isI ke nAma haiM / jo jIva samyagdarzana ko dhAraNa karake bhI kisI prakAra ke vrata ko dhAraNa nahIM kara sakatA, use avirata - samyagdRSTi karate haiM / usakI yaha avasthA aviratisamyagdRSTi guNasthAna hai /
Page #525
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ mokSavAda : karmoM se sarvathA mukti | 201 (5) dezavirati ( zrAvaka ) guNasthAna - pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAya ke udaya se jo jIva sAvadyakAryoM se sarvathA virata na hokara ekadeza athavA AMzika rUpa se virata hote haiM, aNuvrata yA bAraha vrata tathA koI zrAvaka kI 11 pratimA grahaNa karate haiM, ve dezavirati guNasthAna ke dhAraka hote haiM / (6) pramattasaMgata guNasthAna -- jina jIvoM ke pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAya kA udaya nahIM rahatA, kevala saMjvalana kaSAya kA udaya rahatA hai, ve jIva tInakaraNa tIna yoga se sAvadyayogoM kA tyAga karake saMyata (sAdhu) banate haiM / unake atyAgabhAvarUpa avirati kA to sarvathA abhAva ho gayA hai, kintu AtmavartI anutsAharUpa pramAda vidyamAna rahane se ve pramattasaMyata kahalAte haiN| unakI isa sthiti kA nAma pramattasaMyata guNasthAna hai / (7) apramattasaMyata guNasthAna - pramattasaMyata zramaNaM jaba jJAna-dhyAna, tyAga, tapa, pratyAkhyAna, saMyama, samiti gupti, mahAvratapAlana Adi meM utsAhapUrvaka saMlagna evaM tallIna rahate haiM taba unake AtmapradezoM meM pramAda bilakula nahIM rahatA, taba ve apramattasaMyata kahalAte haiM / unakI saMyama sAdhanA kI yaha sthiti apramattasaMyata guNasthAna hai / (8) nivRttibAdara guNasthAna - jisa guNasthAna meM apramatta AtmA kI anantAnubandhI, apratyAkhyAnI aura pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa - ina tIna catuSkarUpI bAdarakaSAya kI nivRtti ho jAtI hai, usa avasthA ko nivRttabAdara guNasthAna kahate haiM / yahA~ se do zreNiyA~ prArambha hotI haiM, (1) upazama zreNI aura (2) kSapaka zreNI / upazamazreNI vAlA mohanIyakarma kI prakRtiyoM kA upazama karatA huA gyArahaveM guNasthAna taka jAtA hai aura vahA~ se vaha nIce ke gaNasthAnoM meM gira jAtA hai kintu kSapaka zreNI vAlA jIva dasaveM se sIdhA bArahaveM gaNasthAna meM jAkara apratipAtI ho jAtA hai / AThave guNasthAna meM jIva 5 kriyAoM ko kAryAnvita karatA hai - (1) sthitivAta, (2) rarAghAta, (3) gaNazreNI, (4) gaNasaMkramaNa aura (5) apUrvakaraNa / (1) anivRttivAda ra guNasthAna- - isameM anantAnubandhI Adi kaSAyoM ke tIna coka to upazAnta yA kSINa ho jAte haiM, kintu saMjvalana kapAya ke cauka kI pUrNatayA nivRtti nahIM hotI / isIlie ise anivRttibAdara guNasthAna kahate haiM / isa guNasthAna ke svAmI do prakAra ke jIva hote haiM - ( 1 ) cAritramoha ke upazamaka aura (2) kSapaka /
Page #526
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 202 | jaina tattvakalikA : chaThI kalikA (10) sUkSmasamparAya guNasthAna- yahA~ saMjvalana krodha, mAna aura mAyA kA to upazamana yA kSaya ho jAtA hai, kintu saMjvalana lobha ( samparAya ) ke sUkSma khaNDoM (dalikoM) kA udaya rahatA hai| isa sthiti ko sUkSmasamparAya gaNasthAna kahate haiM / isa guNasthAna ke svAmI bhI pUrvokta donoM prakAra ke haiM / (11) upazAntamoha guNasthAna- upazamazreNI vAlA jIva mohakarma kI sabhI prakRtiyoM kA upazama karake jisa svarUpavizeSa ko prApta hotA hai, use upazAntamoha guNasthAna kahate haiM / (12) kSINamoha nRNasthAna - kSapaka zreNI vAlA jIva mohanIya karma kI prakRtiyoM kA kramazaH sarvathA kSaya karake jisa avasthAvizeSa ko prApta hotA hai use kSINamoha gaNasthAna kahate haiM / kaSAya aura 'rAga ke kSINa hone para bhI jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya aura antarAya ye tIna ghAtikarma zeSa raha jAte haiM kintu isa guNasthAna ke antima samaya meM vaha ina tIna ghAtIkarmoM kA bhI nAza kara dete hai aura terahaveM guNasthAna meM car3ha jAtA hai / (13) sayogakevalI guNasthAna - mohanIyakarma kA kSaya karake jIva isa gaNasthAna meM AtA hai, aura kevalajJAna - kevaladarzana ko prApta hotA hai| isa avasthA meM mithyAtva, avrata, pramAda aura kaSAya ye cAroM Asrava nahIM rahate / kevala yoga kA Asrava rahatA hai / isalie ise sayogI kevalI guNasthAna kahate haiM / (14) ayogIkevalo guNasthAna -- jaba kevalI bhAgavAn ke Ayukarma ke kSaya hone kA samaya AtA hai, taba ve yogoM kA nirodha karake isa guNasthAna meM praveza karate haiN| yogarahita dazA hone se isa avasthA ko ayogI kevalI guNasthAna kahate haiM / ayogakevalI zailezIkaraNa ko prApta karake usake antima samaya meM vedanIyAdi cAra bhavopagrAhI (saMsAra meM bAMdha kara rakhane vAle) karmoM ko khapA dete haiM / aghAtI cAra kmoM kA kSaya hote hI Rjugati se eka samaya meM sIdhe Upara kI ora siddhakSetra (muktisthAna) meM cale jAte haiN| vahIM lokAgra bhAga meM Thahara jAte haiM, evaM sadA zAzvata sukhoM kA anubhava karate haiM / isa prakAra AtmavAda se lekara mokSavAda taka kA samyag bodha prApta karake, pUrNa Astikya kI AdhArazilA sudRr3ha banAkara jova apane antima lakSya - mokSa ko prApta kara sakatA hai /
Page #527
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ jaina tatva kalikA saptama kalikA astikAya dharma - svarUpa astikAya kA artha SaT dravyoM kA lakSaNa dharmAstikAya adharmAstikAya AkAzAstikAya kAladravya kAlagaNanA jIvAstikAya pudgalAstikAya svarUpa
Page #528
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Page #529
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ saptama kalikA astikAyadharma-svarUpa jainadarzana astivAdI hai| vaha vizva ke sabhI padArthoM kA astitva mAnatA hai / jo vastu vAstava meM hai, usase inkAra karanA, jaina darzana ko iSTa nahIM hai| parantu itane mAtra se hI Astikya siddha nahIM ho jaataa| astitva kI dRSTi se sabhI padArtha samAna haiM, kintu mUlyanirNaya kI dRSTi cetanA se sambaddha hai| vastu kA astitva to svayaMjAta hotA hai, usase koI inkAra kare to usakA koI artha nahIM; kintu usakA mUlyAMkana karanA hI tattvajJoM kA kArya hai / jaise--'dahI sapheda hai', ise koI jAne yA na jAne, kintu dahI upayogI hai yA anupayogI ? kisa samaya, kitanA upayogI hai ? kitanA anupayogI hai ? isakA mUlyanirNaya cetanA se sambaddha hue binA nahIM hotaa| jo padArtha sAdhAraNa AtmA dvArA pratyakSa nahIM hote, unake astitva evaM mUlya kA nirNaya parama cetanA se-viziSTa pratyakSa jJAniyoM dvArA kiyA jAtA hai| mUlyanirNaya vyakti kI dRSTi para nirbhara hai| atIndriya vastu kA astitva-nirNaya evaM mUlyanirNaya indriyoM ke dvArA nahIM ho sktaa| usake lie Apta vItarAga-sarvajJoM kI dRSTi hI mAnya evaM vizvasanIya hotI hai / chadmastha puruSoM ko dRSTi vastutattva kA pUrNatayA yathArtha nirNaya karane meM sakSama * nahIM hotii| vItarAga-sarvajJa-AptapUruSoM ne vizva ke sabhI padArthoM kA chaha bhAgoM meM vargIkaraNa kiyA aura kahA ki samagra vizva SaDdravyAtmaka hai / yadyapi jIva (cetana) aura az2Iva (jar3a) ina do tattvoM meM sArA vizva A jAtA hai, kintu pRthak-pRthak guNadharmoM kI dRSTi se unakA pRthak-pRthak astitva batAyA gyaa| pichale prakaraNa meM lokavAda ke sandarbha meM batAyA gayA thA ki 'yaha loka SaDdravyAtmaka hai| dharma, adharma, AkAza, kAla, pudgala aura 1. avadhijJAnI yA manaHparyavajJAnI dvArA nahIM, apitu kevalajJAniyoM dvArA / 2. jIvA ceva ajIvA ya, esa loe viyaahie| -uttarA0 36 / 2 3. dhammo adhammo AgAsaM, kAlo puggala jaMtavo / esa logotti pannatto, jiNehiM varadaMsihi // -uttarAdhyayana sUtra a0 28, gA0 7
Page #530
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 204 | jaina tattvakalikA - saptama kalikA jIva- ye SaT dravya haiM / pratyakSadarzI jinendroM ne ina SaTdravyoM ko loka kahAM | loka kA astitva batAne ke sAtha-sAtha Apta sarvajJa puruSoM ne loka ke antargata chaha dravyoM kA saha-astitva batAyA / , isakA phalitArtha yaha huA ki sarvajJoM ne, samagra loka meM jitanI bhI vastue~ haiM, una sabakA vargIkaraNa chaha bhAgoM meM kiyA / astitva nirNaya ke sAtha-sAtha mUlya kA nirNaya bhI unhoMne diyA / arthAt - ina chaha dravyoM ke guNadharma, upayogitA, AtmA ke lie kauna-sA dravya heya, jJa eya yA upAdeya hai ? isakA viveka bhI batAyA hai / AcAryoM ne inake astitva kA yukti se bhI nirNaya kiyA hai / kAla ko aupacArika rUpa se ( zvetAmbara paramparA meM) dravya mAnA gayA hai, vastuvRtyA nhiiN| isI kAraNa kAla ko chor3akara zeSa pA~ca dravyoM ko 'astikAya ' kahA gayA hai / kAladravya ke pradeza nahIM hote; isa kAraNa use astikAya nahIM kahA gayA / isI dRSTi se kahIM-kahIM loka ke sambandha meM prazna pUche jAne para bhagavAn ne loka ko 'paMcAstikAya rUpa' batAyA hai / ' astikAya kI paribhASA . asti kA artha hai - pradeza aura kAya kA artha hai - unakI rAzi - samUha / ' arthAt --pradezoM kA samUha astikAya kahalAtA hai / pradeza kA artha hai - dravya kA niraMza avayava / dharma, adharma, AkAza aura jIva ke pradezoM kA vighaTana nahIM hotA / isalie ye avibhAgI ( niraMza) dravya hai / ye avayavI isalie haiM ki inake paramANu-tulya khaNDoM kI kalpanA kI jAe to ye asaMkhya hote haiM / pudgala yoM to vibhAgI dravya hai, kintu usakA zuddha rUpa paramANu hai, jo avibhAgI hai / paramANuoM meM saMyojana- viyojana svabhAva hotA hai / ataH unake skandha banate haiM tathA unakA vighaTana hotA hai / koI bhI skandha zAzvata nahIM hotA / isI apekSA se pudagala dravya vibhAgI hai / vaha dharma Adi dravyoM kI taraha ekavyakti nahIM, kintu anantavyaktika hai / jisa skandha meM jitane paramANu mile hue hote haiM, vaha skandha utane pradezoM kA hotA hai / dvayaNaka 1. kimiyaM bhaMte ! loe tti pavuccai ? gomA ! paMcatthikAyA, esa NaM evattie loetti pavuccai, taM jahA - dhammatthikAe, - bhagavatI, 13 / 4 / 48 1 - sthAnAMga, sthAna 10 vRtti ahammatthakAe jAva poggalatthikAe / 2. astayaH pradezAsteSAM kAyo - rAzirastikAyaH /
Page #531
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ astikAyadharma-svarUpa | 205 skandha dvipradezI se yAvat anantANuka skandha ananta pradezI hotA hai| jIva bhI anantavyaktika hai; kintu pratyeka jIva asaMkhyAta pradezI hai| ____kAla ke na to pradeza haiM, na paramANu / vaha aupacArika dravya hai / pradeza na hone se, usake astikAya hone kA prazna hI nahIM utthtaa| kAla ke atIta samaya vinaSTa ho jAte haiN| anAgata samaya anutpanna hote haiN| isalie kAla svayaM vartamAna eka samaya kA hai| isalie usake skandha nahIM bnte| eka samaya kA hone se usakA tiryakapracaya nahIM hotaa| ina donoM ke abhAva ke kAraNa bhI kAla ko astikAya meM nahIM mAnA hai| . niSkarSa yaha hai ki jo dravya sapradezI hai, use astikAya kahate haiN| astikAyadharma astikAya ke sAtha dharma-zabda jur3a jAne se isa zabda ke cAra artha vibhinna apekSAoM se pratiphalita hote haiN| . prathama artha-paMca-astikAyoM kA jo dharma hai arthAt-svabhAva, guNa yA dharma hai, vaha astikAyadharma hai| dvitIya artha-astikAyarUpa dharma-dharmAstikAya hai, vaha astikAyadharma hai, kyoMki vaha jIva aura pudgala ko gatiparyAya meM sahAyaka banatA haidhAraNa karatA hai, isalie vaha astikAyadharma kahalAtA hai| bhagavatI sUtra meM nAma ke sAdhamrya se dharma aura dharmAstikAya ko paryAyavAcI mAnA hai| isa kAraNa vRttikAra ne bhI yahA~ dharmAstikAya ko hI astikAyadharma meM dharma ke rUpa meM prastuta kiyA hai|' dharmAstikAya ko dharma kA sahadharmI batAne kA eka kAraNa yaha bhI ho sakatA hai ki dharmAstikAya gati-sahAyaka dravya hai| isalie karmakSaya karane meM dharmAstikAya kI bhI sahAyatA apekSita hai| sambhava hai, isa abhiprAya se zAstrakAra ne dharma aura dharmAstikAya ko sadRza ginA ho| tRtIya artha-isa jagata meM mUla padArtha do haiM, donoM ke vistAra kA nAma vizva hai| ina donoM dravyoM kA astitva-anAdi-ananta hai| asti zabda sat zabda se niSpanna huA hai| sat kA artha hai-jo tInoM kAla meM vidyamAna rahe / ataH ukta donoM dravya, nizcaya se trikAla sthAyI hone se, 1. 'astayaH-pradezAsteSAM kAyo-rAzirastikAyaH; dharmo - gatiparyAye jiivpudglyordhaarnnaaditystikaaydhrmH| -sthAnAMga, 10 sthAna vRtti 2 'kAlatraye tiSThatIti sat'
Page #532
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 206 | jaina tattvakalikA-saptama kalikA astikAya haiM, ina donoM kA jo dharma (anAdi-svabhAva) hai, vaha astikAyadharma hai| caturtha artha-astitva (nizcaya dRSTi se nikAla sthAyitva) kI dRSTi se sarvajJa-AptapuruSoM ne samagra loka meM jina SaDdravyoM ke astitva kA nirNaya kiyA hai, ve astikAya haiM; tathA dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika donoM nayoM kI dRSTi se ina SaDdravyoM kA jo mUlyanirNaya kiyA hai, vaha inakA dharma hai| samyagdarzana kI apekSA yaha hai ki dharmasAdhaka, sarvajJa vItarAga puruSoM ne loka meM jina chaha padArthoM-dravyoM kI pRthak-pRthak sattA (astitva) batAI hai, tathA jisa rUpa meM unake guNa-dharmoM kA tathA upayogitA kA jo mUlyanirNaya kiyA hai, use usa rUpa meM jAne aura mAne tathA jina SaDdravyarUpa jJaya padArthoM kA. loka meM astitva batAyA hai tathA dharma, adharma, AkAza, kAla, jIva aura pudagala, inameM se kauna-sA dravya adhyAtma-sAdhanA meM kitanA upayogI hai, kitanA upAdeya hai, kitanA aura kaba heya hai ? AtmA ke sAtha usa usa dravya kA kyA, kaisA aura kitanA sambandha hai ? AtmasAdhanA kI daSTi se kisa padArtha kA kaise aura kitanA upayoga karanA hai ? kisa-kisa dravya kA kaunasA dharma hai, vaha kitanA abhISTa hai, kitanA aniSTa ? isakA viveka aura zraddhAna karanA hI astikAya-dharma kA AcaraNa hai| yoM to vastumAtra jJa ya hai aura astitva kI dRSTi se jJaya-mAtra satya hai / satya kA mUlya saiddhAntika hotA hai, parantu saiddhAntika dRSTi se satya hote hue bhI ziva tabhI ho sakatA hai, jaba usakA mUlyanirNaya paramArtha dRSTi seAtma-vikAsa kI apekSA se ho / usakA saundarya bhI AtmavikAsa kI dRSTi se AMkA jaae| jaise rUpa-rasa-gandha-sparza-zabdAtmaka pudgala bAhya dRSTi se to heya mAne jAte haiM kintu sAdhaka ko AhAra, sthAna, vastra, pAtra, pUstaka, zAstrazravaNa, zarIra, indriyA~ Adi kA pudgala rUpa meM saMyama nirvAha ke lie grahaNa karanA abhISTa hai / ataH vaha kathaJcit upAdeya hai|' . . vyavahAradRSTiparaka asaMyamI vyakti kI dRSTi meM paudgalika bhogavilAsa ucca jIvana stara ke lie upayogI haiM, kintu saMyamI adhyAtmasAdhaka kI dRSTi meM sabhI gIta-gAna vilApa mAtra haiM, sabhI nATaka viDambanAe~ haiM, sabhI AbhUSaNa bhAra rUpa haiM aura kAma-bhoga duHkhAvaha haiM / isalie astikAya --dazavai0 6 / 20 1. jaM pi vatthaM va pAyaM vA kaMbalaM pAyapaMchaNaM / taM pi saMjamalajjaTTA dhAraMti parihati ya // 2. savvaM vilaviyaM gIyaM, savvaM naTTa viDaMbiyaM / sace AbharaNA bhArA, savve kAmA duhAvahA // -uttarA0 13 / 16
Page #533
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ astikAyadharma-svarUpa | 207 dharma samyagdRSTi ke lie tabhI dharmAcaraNarUpa ho sakatA hai, jaba vaha zuddha adhyAtma dRSTi se SaT dravyoM kA mUlyanirNaya kare / nizcaya dRSTi se koI bhI dravya apane-Apa meM priya (iSTa) yA apriya (aniSTa) nahIM hai, kintu usa vastu ke (grAhaka) mUlyanirNaya karane vAle kI dRSTi para nirbhara hai ki vaha vyavahAra meM kisa vastu ko iSTa yA aniSTa mAnatA hai|' yadi vyakti azuddha dazA meM hai to usake dvArA kiyA gayA vastu mUlyanirNaya bhI azuddha hogA aura yadi vyakti zuddha dazA meM hai to usake dvArA vastu kA kiyA gayA malyanirNaya zuddha (pAramArthika dRSTi se) hogA / isIlie chadmastha ke nirNaya aura kevalI ke nirNaya meM antara hai| phira bhI chadmastha yadi samyagdRSTi hai to vaha kevalI AptapuruSa dvArA kiye gae vastu mUlyanirNaya meM nihita dRSTikoNa yA rahasya ko samajhakara usa tattvanirNaya ko zraddhApUrvaka apanA letA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra dvArA astikAyadharma ko daza prakAra ke dharmoM meM batAne kA yahI rahasya pratIta hotA hai| isa kalikA meM hama kramazaH chaha dravyoM ke astitva-nirNaya, vastutva-nirNaya tathA inake mUlyanirNaya kA bhI pratipAdana jinokta dRSTi se kareMge / vAstavikatAvAda aura upayogitAvAda padArthoM yA dravyoM ke astitva ke bAre meM vicAra karanA vAstavikatAvAda yA astitvavAda hai / astitva kI dRSTi se mukhyatayA do padArtha-jIva aura ajIva (cetana aura acetana) yA 6 dravya haiN| upayogitA ke do rUpa haiM-jAgatika aura AdhyAtmika / SaDdravya kI vyavasthA vizva (loka) ke sahaja pravartana-saMcalana yA sahaja niyama kI daSTi se haI hai| eka dravya kA dUsare dravya ke lie kyA upayoga hai, yaha jJAna hameM isase milatA hai / SaDdravyoM kI upayogitA aura upakArakatA kA vicAra hama isa prakAra kara sakate haiM-- 1. gati vizva-vyavasthA ke lie Avazyaka hai| gati kA hetu yA upakAraka 'dharmAstikAya' nAmaka dravya hai / 2. sthiti bhI vizva-vyavasthA ke lie anivArya hai| sthiti kA hetu yA upakAraka 'adharmAstikAya' nAmaka dravya hai| 1. na ramyaM nAramyaM prakRti guNato vastu kimapi / priyatvaM vastUnAM bhavati ca khalu grAhakavazAt //
Page #534
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 208 | jaina tattvakalikA - saptana kalikA 3. AdhAra yA avakAza bhI vizva kI sthiti ke lie jarUrI hai / AdhAra yA avakAza kA hetu yA upakAraka 'AkAzAstikAya' nAmaka dravya hai / 4. 'parivartana' ke binA vizva kA kArya yA vyavahAra nahIM cala sakatA / ataH parivartana anivArya hai / usakA hetu yA upakAraka dravya 'kAla' hai / 5- 6. vizva meM mUrtta evaM jar3a padArtha bhI haiM, amUrta evaM caitanya bhI haiM / jo mUrta hai, vaha pudgala dravya hai, jo amUrta caitanya hai, vaha jIva hai / inakI sAmUhika kriyA-prakriyA tathA upakArakatA hI samagra loka hai / vAstavikatAvAda (jise padArthavAda kaha sakate haiM) meM upayoga para koI vicAra nahIM hotA, kevala usake 'astitva' kA hI vicAra hotA hai / parantu jainadarzana (jinokta tattvadarzana) dravyoM ke astitva aura upayoga, ina donoM kA vicAra karatA hai / isIlie usake dvArA kiyA gayA mUlyanirNaya bilakula yathArtha evaM vividha- nayasApekSa hotA hai / dravya kA eka lakSaNa bhI AcArya ne kiyA hai - ' upakArakaM dravyam' - kisI dravya ko dravya mAnane kA 'kAraNa usakI upakArakatA yA upayogitA hai / dravyoM kA lakSaNa (1-2) dharmAstikAya-adharmAstikAya - dravyoM kI sUcI meM dharma aura adharma kA nAma dekhakara sAmAnya jana bhar3aka uThate haiM aura kahate haiM-dharma aura adharma to jIvana se sambandhita amuka pravRttiyoM kI saMjJA hai, unheM dravya kaise kaha sakate haiM ? parantu yahA~ dharma-adharma kA jo nirdeza kiyA hai, vaha jIvana-sambandhita zuddha-azuddha pravRtti rUpa dharma-adharma kA nahIM; kintu vizvavyavasthA meM 'sahAyaka do mUla dravyoM kA hai / uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM dharma aura adharma dravya kA lakSaNa isa prakAra kiyA hai-- 'dharma gatilakSaNa hai, adharma sthitilakSaNa hai / ' - spaSTa lakSaNa yaha hai ki svayaM gamana ke prati pravRtta hue jIvoM aura pudgaloM kI gatikriyA meM jo sahAyaka ho, vaha dharmAstikAya aura sthiti meM rahe hue (Thahare sthira rahe hue) jIvoM aura pudgaloM kI sthitikriyA meM jo sahAyaka ho, vaha adharmAstikAya hai / ' jaise pAnI meM tairane ke svabhAva vAlI machaliyoM ko tairane meM sahAyatA 1. (ka) gailakkhaNo u dhammo, ahammo ThANalakkhaNo' - uttarA0 a.28 gA. 6 (kha) svata eva gamanaM prati pravRttAnAM jIvapudgalAnAM gatyupaSTambhakArI dharmAstikAya, sthiti pariNAtAnAM tu teSAM sthitikriyopakArI adharmAstikAyaH / - uttarA0 bhAvavijayagaNi bhA0 3, pR0 256
Page #535
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ astikAyadharma - svarUpa | 206 karane vAlA pAnI hai, usI prakAra jar3a padArthoM aura jIvoM kI gati karane meM sahAyaka dravya dharmAstikAya hai tathA jisa prakAra thake hue pathika ko vizrAma dene meM vRkSa 'kI chAyA nimittabhUta hotI hai, usI prakAra sthiti (sthiratA ) karane vAle -- Thaharane vAle jIvoM aura jar3a padArthoM ko sthiti meM sahAyaka adharmAstikAya hai / (3) AkAzAstikAya - bhagavatI sUtra meM AkAza kA lakSaNa isa prakAra batAyA gayA hai avakAza yA avagAha dene vAlA AkAza dravya hai / ' yahA~ prazna ho sakatA hai ki dUdha zakkara ko apane andara rahane kA avakAza (Space) detA hai, tapA huA lohe kA golA agni ko apane andara avakAza detA hai / arthAt - pudgaloM meM bhI avakAza dene kA guNa hai, to use AkAza kA hI vizeSa lakSaNa kyoM mAnA jAe ? isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki pudgala hamArI sthUla dRSTi meM bhale hI Thosa mAlUma hotA ho, kintu lohe jaise Thosa pratIta hone vAle pudgala bhI khokhale haiM; aura jo khokhalA bhAga hai, vahI AkAza hai / AkAza hone se hI dUdha meM zakkara aura lohe ke gole meM agni kA praveza ho sakatA hai / vastutaH zakkara yA agni ko vahA~ AkAza ne hI avakAza diyA hai / dUsare zabdoM meM yoM bhI kaha sakate haiM, jisameM padArthoM ko AzrayaAdhAra dene kA guNa ho, use AkAza kahate haiM; aura AkAza ke ananta pradezoM kA jo avibhAjya piNDa hai, use 'AkAzAstikAya' kahate haiM / vizva ke sabhI padArtha AkAza ke AdhAra para Tike hue haiM / avagAhana karane meM pravRtta jIvoM aura pudgaloM ke lie jo Alambana banatA hai, use AkAza kahate haiM / jisa prakAra dUdha se bhare hue ghar3e meM zakkara Adi padArthoM ko avagAhana mila jAtA hai usI prakAra pratyeka dravya ko avakAza dene ke lie AkAza dravya bhAjana rUpa ho jAtA hai / " ataH AkAza dravya ko saba dravyoM kA bhAjana rUpa kahA hai| jisa prakAra eka kamare meM sahasroM dIpakoM kA prakAza paraspara milakara ekameka hokara rahatA hai, usI prakAra AkAza meM aneka dravya sammilita hokara rahate haiM / (4) kAla dravya - kAla vartanAlakSaNa vAlA hai / 1. avagAhNalakkhaNe NaM AgAsatthikAe / 2. bhAyaNaM savvadavvANaM nahaM ogAhalakkhaNaM / 3. vattaNAlakkhaNo kAlo / arthAt -- jo sadaiva - bhagavatI, 13 / 4 / 48 1 - uttarAdhyayana 28 ha - uttarAdhyayana 28 10
Page #536
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 210 | jaina tatvakalikA - saptama kalikA svayaM varta (parivartita ho) rahA hai, tathA svayaM vartane (parivartita hone vAle jIva aura ajIva padArthoM kI vartanA (parivartana yA pariNamana ) kriyA meM sahAyaka banatA hai / isa jagat meM jIva aura pudgala Adi padArtha apane-Apa varta ( parivartita hote) haiM, unakI navIna - purAtana Adi avasthAoM ko badalane meM nimitta rUpa se sahAyatA karatA hai, vaha kAla hai / kAladravya vastumAtra ke parivartana karAne meM sahAyaka hai / yadyapi parivartana (pariNamana) karane kI zakti sabhI padArthoM meM svayaM apanI hai, kintu bAhya nimitta ke binA usa zakti kI abhivyakti nahIM ho sakatI / jaise - kumhAra ke cAka meM ghUmane kI zakti maujUda hai, kintu kIla kI sahAyatA ke binA vaha ghUma nahIM sakatA / isI prakAra saMsAra ke padArtha bhI kAla kI sahAyatA pAe binA parivartana nahIM kara sakate / yadyapi kAla dravya vastuoM kA balAt pariNamana nahIM karAtA aura na eka dravya kA dUsare dravya rUpa meM pariNamana karAtA hai, kintu svayaM pariNamana karate dravyoM kA sahAyaka mAtra ho jAtA hai / alpAyu-dIrghAyu, yauvana-vRddhatva, nUtana purAtana, prAtaH madhyAhna-sAyaMkAla tathA jyeSTha-kaniSTha ityAdi vizva meM jo bhI vyavahAra hote haiM, ve saba kAla kI sahAyatA se hI hote haiM / (5) jIvAstikAya - upayoga ( matijJAnAdi) jIva kA lakSaNa hai / dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM to jisameM cetanA zakti ho, usa jIva kahate haiM aura usake asaMkhya pradezoM kA samUha jIvAstikAya hai / sArAMza yaha hai ki jisako padArthoM kA jJAna (vizeSa bodha) aura darzana ( sAmAnya bodha) ho, sAtha hI sukhaduHkhoM kA anubhava ho, vaha jIvadravya hai / ajIva meM cetanA zakti nahIM hotI, jisa prakAra kur3achI bhojana ke aneka bartanoM meM ghUmatI to hai, parantu vaha unake rasa ke jJAna se vaMcita rahatI hai, kyoMki vaha svayaM jar3a hai, isI prakAra pudgala dravya ke sabhI jar3a padArtha gati karate yA vibhinna kriyA karate hue dekhe jAte haiM / parantu una jar3a padArthoM meM kisI prakAra jJAna, vicAra yA sukha-duHkha kA saMvedana nahIM hotA / 1 ataH jIva dravya pudgala dravya se pRthak eka vAstavika dravya hai; jisameM rUpa, rasa, gandha yA zabda bhI nahIM haiM, jo avyakta hai, kisI bhautika cinha se bhI jise nahIM jAnA jA sakatA aura na hI jisakA koI nirdiSTa AkAra hai, usa caitanya viziSTa dravya ko jIva (AtmA) kahate haiM /
Page #537
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ astikAyadharma - svarUpa | 211 lakSaNa do prakAra ke haiM-- AtmabhUta aura anAtmabhUta / jaise - agni kA uSNatva AtmabhUta lakSaNa hai, jabaki daNDa puruSa kA anAtmabhUta lakSaNa hai / ataeva prakArAntara se zAstra meM jIva kA eka aura lakSaNa isa prakAra diyA gayA hai - jisameM jJAna, darzana, cAritra, tapa, vIrya aura upayoga ho, yaha jIva kA AtmabhUta lakSaNa hai / kyoMki jIva jJAna, darzana, cAritra (kAyA se azubha se nivRtti aura zubha meM pravRtti athavA nizcaya naya se svarUparamaNatA) tathA dvAdazavidha tapa se yukta hai / kSayopazamabhAva se utpanna Atmika sAmarthya (vIrya) evaM jJAnAdi meM ekAgratArUpa upayoga se yukta hai; kyoMki jJAna, darzana, cAritra aura vIrya, ye cAra bhAvaprANa to pratyeka jIva meM hote hI haiN|" jIva kA anAtmabhUta lakSaNa vyavahAra dRSTi se diyA jA sakatA hai - jo dasa prANoM (pA~ca indriya, tIna bala, Ayu aura zvAsocchvAsa) se jItA hai, vaha jIva hai / kyoMki ye prANa zuddha evaM mukta jIva ke nahIM hote, sirpha saMsArI jIva ke hI hote haiM, isalie yaha lakSaNa anAtmabhUta hai / (6) pudgalAstikAya - jo dravya pUraNa aura galana arthAt - ikaTThA aura alaga ho, jur3e aura TUTe-phUTe mile aura bikhare, bane aura bigar3e use pudgala kahate haiM / yo pudgala kA lakSaNa kiyA hai- jo varNa, gandha, rasa aura sparza vAle hoM / arthAt - jo mUrta dravya ho, vaha pudgala hai aura usake pradezoM ke samUha kA nAma pudgalAstikAya hai / pudgalAstikAya dravya kA lakSaNa zAstra meM isa prakAra kiyA gayA haizabda, andhakAra, udyota, prabhA, chAyA, Atapa (dhUpa), varNa, gandha, rasa aura sparza pudgaloM ke lakSaNa haiM | pUrvokta pAMca dravya arUpI haiM, jabaki pudgala rUpI hai / isalie isake lakSaNa bhI rUpI haiM 1. (ka) ....jIvo uvaoogalakkhaNo / nANaM daMsaNeNaM ca suheNa ya duheNa ya // (kha) cetanA lakSaNo jIvaH / (ga) arasamarUvamagaMdhaM avvattaM cedaNAguNamasaddaM / jANaaliMgaggahaNaM jIvamaNidiTThasaMThANaM // (gha) nANaM ca daMsaNaM ceva, caritaM ca tavo tahA / vIriyaM uvaogo ya eyaM jIvassa lakkhaNaM // - uttarA0 28 / 10 - pravacanasAra 250 - uttarAdhyayana 28 / 11
Page #538
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 212 | jaina tattvakalikA-saptama kalikA jaise-zabda pudgalAtmaka hai, kyoMki jisa samaya pudgaladravya ke para* mANa skandharUpa meM pariNata hote haiM aura taba unameM paraspara saMgharSaNa hone ke kAraNa dhvani utpanna hotI hai| vaha dhvani yA zabda tIna prakAra ke haiMjIva zabda (jisa pudgaladravya ko lekara jIva bhASaNa karatA hai), ajIva zabda (paraspara saMgharSaNotpanna zabda) aura mizrita zabda (jIva aura ajIva ke milane se utpanna zabda, jaise-vINAvAdana) / andhakAra bhI pudgaladravya kA lakSaNa hai, vaha abhAvarUpa padArtha nahIM hai| vaha prakAzarUpa bhI hai| ratnAdi kA udyota, candrAdi kI prabhA (prakAza), vRkSAdi kI chAyA, sUrya kA Atapa, ye saba pudgaladravya ke lakSaNa haiN| isI prakAra pAMca varNa, do gandha, pAMca rasa aura ATha sparza, ye saba pudgalAstikAya ke lakSaNa haiN|' dravyoM kA astitva-nirNaya (1-2) dharmadravya aura adharmadravya-ina donoM ko mAnane ke lie hamAre sAmane do yuktiyA~ haiM-(1) gati-sthiti meM nimitta kAraNa aura (2) loka aura aloka ke vibhAjana ke hetu / pratyeka kArya meM nimitta aura. upAdAna donoM kAraNoM kI AvazyakatA rahatI hai / vizva meM jIva aura pudgala do dravya gatizIla bhI haiM aura sthitizIla bhI haiN| gati evaM sthiti ke upAdAna kAraNa to donoM svayaM haiM / nimitta kAraNa kinheM mAne jAe~ / isa prazna ke samAdhAna ke lie hameM aise dravyoM kI ora dRSTi daur3AnI par3egI, jo gati aura sthiti meM sahAyaka ho sakeM / vAyu svayaM gatizIla hai, pRthvI, jala Adi samagra loka meM vyApta nahIM hai| jabaki gati aura sthiti sampUrNa loka meM hotI hai / isalie hameM aisI zaktiyoM kI apekSA hai, jo svayaM gatizUnya yA sthitizUnya hoM aura sampUrNa loka meM vyApta hoM kintu aloka meM na hoN| ataH hameM isa yukti se dharmAstikAya aura adharmAstikAya kA astitva mAnane ko bAdhya honA par3atA hai| hama jIvita prANiyoM ko halana-calana karate yA daur3ate yA eka jagaha baiThate, khar3e rahate, aneka prakAra kI kriyAe~ karate haiM / isI taraha paudgalika padArthoM ko bhI vividha prakAra kI gati karate dekhate haiN| cAbI dI haI ho to ghar3I calatI rahatI hai, joradAra dhakkA lagAne para vastu uchalatI hai, bandUka 1. (ka) pUraNAt galanAcca pudglaaH| -tattvArtha siddhasenIyA TIkA (kha) sparza-rasa-gandha-varNavantaH pudgalAH / -tattvArtha0 5/23 (ga) sabaMdhayAra-ujjoo, pahA chAyAtave i vaa| ::.... vaNNagaMdharasAphAsA puggalANaM tu lavakhaNaM / / -uttarAdhyayana 28/12
Page #539
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ astikAyadharma - svarUpa | 213 se golI chUTane para dUra taka calI jAtI hai / prakAza, dhvani Adi paudgalika vastuoM kI gatizIlatA to prasiddha hai hI / prazna hotA hai, jaba jIva aura pudgala ye donoM dravya gatizIla sthitizIla haiM to ve svayaM gati yA sthiti kara sakate haiM, kareMge hI, unheM gati yA sthiti karane meM kisI anya mAdhyama kI AvazyakatA kyoM ? isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki koI vastu svayaM gati yA sthiti karane ke svabhAva vAlI ho to bhI use gati yA sthiti meM sahAyaka hone vAlI vastu kI AvazyakatA rahatI hI hai| machalI meM tairane kA svabhAva hai, svayaM svecchAnusAra apane bala se taira sakatI hai, parantu yaha tairane kI kriyA jala kI sahAyatA ho, tabhI ho sakatI hai| relagAr3I meM daur3ane kI zakti hai, parantu vaha lohe kI paTariyoM para hI daur3a sakatI hai, unake binA nahIM / eka jarAjIrNa vRddha meM khar3e rahane kI zakti to hai, kintu vaha lakar3I yA dIvAra ke sahAre hI khar3A ho sakatA hai / isI prakAra prANiyoM meM sthira rahane kI zakti to hai, parantu rAste meM koI vRkSa yA vizrAma sthala mile, tabhI ve sthira rahate haiM, relagAr3I meM sthira hone kI zakti hai, parantu vaha sTezana Ane para sthira hotI hai / Azaya yaha hai, ki jIva aura pudgala kI gati sthiti karane meM kisI na kisI mAdhyama AvazyakatA hotI hai / vaha mAdhyama kramazaH dharmadravya aura adharmadravya haiM / ' dharmadravya aura adharmadravya ko mAne binA loka- aloka kI vyavasthA nahIM ho sakatI / AcArya malayagiri ne lokAloka - vyavasthA kI dRSTi se dharmaadharmadravya kA astitva siddha kiyA hai / loka hai, isameM kisI ko sandeha nahIM ho sakatA; kyoMki loka to indriyagocara hai / aloka indriyagocara nahIM, isalie usake astitva - nAstitva ke sambandha meM prazna uTha sakatA hai / kintu loka kA astitva mAnane para usake vipakSI aloka kA astitva tarkazAstra ke anusAra svataH siddha ho jAtA hai / jisameM jIva Adi sabhI dravya hote haiM, vaha loka hai, jahA~ kevala AkAza hI AkAza hai, vaha aloka hai / aloka meM jIva aura pudgala nahIM hote, kyoMki vahA~ dharma aura adharma dravya kA abhAva hai / isalie loka aura aloka donoM ke paricchedaka yA vibhAjaka dravya dharmAstikAya aura adharmAstikAya ko mAne binA koI cArA hI nahIM / yadi aisA na ho to dharma aura adharma dravya kA AdhAra kyA rahegA ? 1. gatisthityupagraho dharmAdharma yorupakAraH / 2. (ka) dharmAdharma vibhutvAt sarvatra ca jIva pudgalavicArAt / nAloka kazcit syAnna ca sammatametadarthANAm // 1 // -- tatvArtha0 5/17 (kramazaH )
Page #540
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 214 | jaina tattvakalikA--saptama kalikA __ loka aura aloka kA vibhAjana eka zAzvata tathya hai / ataH isake vibhAjaka bhI zAzvata hone cAhie / uparyukta 6 dravyoM meM se hI vibhAjaka tattva ho sakate haiM kyoMki sAtavA~ dravya hai hI nahIM / jIva aura pudgala gatizIla dravya haiM, ataH ye vibhAjaka tattva ke yogya nahIM haiM / kAla ko vibhAjaka tatva mAnA jAe to tarkasaMgata nahIM; kyoMki kAla nizcaya dRSTi se to jIva aura ajIva kI paryAya mAtra hai| yaha kevala aupacArika dravya hai| vyAvahArika kAla loka ke sImita kSetra meM hI vidyamAna hai| AkAza ko vibhAjaka mAne to bhI upayukta nahIM hogA, kyoMki AkAza svayaM lokAkAza aura alokAkAza ke rUpa meM vibhajyamAna hai / ataH vaha vibhAjana kA hetu nahIM bana sktaa| isalie dharmAstikAya aura adharmAstikAya, ye donoM dravya hI AkAza (lokAkAza aura alokAkAza) ke vibhAjaka banate haiN| yadi dharmAstikAya aura adharmAstikAya kA svataMtra astitva na mAna kara AkAzadravya hI ina lakSaNoM se mukta mAnA jAe to bahuta avyavasthA utpanna hogI / yadi AkAzadravya padArthoM kI gati meM sahAyaka ho to AkAza asIma aura ananta hone ke kAraNa gatimAna padArthoM kI gati bhI ananta AkAza meM abAdhita ho jAegI, phira sthiti karanA bhI kaThina hogA / phalataH ananta AtmAoM (jIva) aura ananta pudgaloM (jar3a padArthoM) kI gati ananta AkAza meM niraMkuzatayA hone lagegI, aisI sthiti meM unakA paraspara saMyoga honA aura vyavasthita, sAnta aura niyaMtrita vizva ke rUpa meM lokAkAza kA honA asambhava ho jAegA; kintu isa vizva kA rUpa vyavasthita hai| vizva eka kramabaddha saMsAra ke rUpa meM dikhAI detA hai, na ki avyavasthita Dhera kI trh| phalataH hama isa nirNaya para pahu~cate haiM ki vizva-vyavasthA kI dRSTi se padArthoM kI gati-sthiti meM sahAyaka AkAzadravya nahIM, apitu dharmAstikAya aura adharmAstikAya nAmaka svatantra dravya haiM, kintu ina nAmoM se ina donoM dravyoM kA astitva jaina darzana ke atirikta kisI bhI darzana dvArA svIkRta nahIM hai| prakAza kI kiraNeM eka sekaNDa meM 1,86,000 mIla kI gati se gamana karatI haiM / vaijJAnikoM ke sAmane yaha prazna uThA ki ye prakAza kI kiraNeM kisa tasmAd dharmAdharmo avagADhau vyApya loka khaM sarvam / evaM hi paricchinna: siddha yati lokastad vibhutvAt / / 2 / / (kha) lokAloka vyavasthAnupapatteH / -prajJApanA pada 1 vRtti (ga) tamhA dhammAdhammA loga pariccheyakAriNo juttaa| hayarahAgAseM tulle logAlogetti ko bheo|
Page #541
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ astikAyadharma-svarUpa | 215 mAdhyama se, kaise gati karatI haiM ? tathA sUrya, graha aura tAroM ke bIca meM jo virATa zUnya pradeza phailA huA hai, usameM hokara kaise gujaratI hai ? isake atirikta ye kiraNe lAkhoM-karor3oM mIla kI dUrI se AtI haiM, phira bhI inakI gati samAna hotI hai, na eka kI zIghra na dUsarI kI manda / ataH ina kiraNoM ke Ane kA koI mAdhyama honA cAhie / kaI anusandhAnoM ke bAda vaijJAnikoM ko yaha svIkAra par3A ki gati meM sahAyaka eka dravya hai, jisake mAdhyama se gati hotI hai / usa dravya kA nAma unhoMne Ithara (Ether) rkhaa| bahuta carcAvicAraNA ke bAda 'Ithara' ke svarUpa kA bhI nizcaya kiyA gayA ki 'Ithara aparamANavika vastu hai, sarvatra vyApta hai aura vastu ke gatimAna hone meM sahAyatA karatA hai|' suprasiddha vaijJAnika albarTa AInsTIna ne loka ke parimita hone kA kAraNa yaha batAyA ki loka ke bAhara vaha zakti yA dravya nahIM jA sakatA, jo gati meM sahAyaka hotA hai| sarvaprathama nyUTana ne gatitattva (Medium of Motion) ko mAnA / ataH bhautika vaijJAnikoM ko gatisahAyaka tattva-Ithara ko eka svataMtra dravya mAnanA pdd'aa| jaina darzana meM gatisahAyaka tattva ko dharmadravya nAma diyA gayA hai / gati aura sthiti meM asAdhAraNa rUpa se sahAyaka tattvoM ko hama abhisamayAnusAra dhana Ithara (Positive Ether) aura RNa Ithara (Negative Ether) mAna leM to dharmAstikAya ko 'dhana Ithara' aura adharmAstikAya ko 'RNa Ithara' kaha sakate haiN| (3) AkAzAstikAya-AkAza dravya kA astitva adhikAMza darzana aura vijJAna nirvivAda rUpa se svIkAra karate haiN| kaI dArzanika AkAza aura dik ko pRthak dravya mAnate haiM, aura kucha dik ko AkAza se pRthaka nahIM mAnate / nyAya aura vaizeSika darzana AkAza ko zabdaguNa vAlA mAnate haiM / abhidhamma ke anusAra AkAza eka dhAtu hai / AkAza dhAtu kA kAya rUpa pariccheda (Urdhva-adhaH-tiryaka rUpoM kA vibhAga) karanA hai| nyUTana ke anusAra AkAza aura kAla vastusApekSa vAstavika svatantra tattva haiN| inakA 1. Hollywood R. & T. : Instruction Lesson No. 2-'What is Ether ?' 2. (ka) zabdaguNakamAkAzam / -tarkasaMgraha (kha) chidramAkAza dhAtvAkhyaM alokatamasI kila -abhidharma koza 1 / 28
Page #542
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 216 | jaina tattvakalikA-saptama kalikA astitva na to jJAtA para nirbhara haiM, aura na anya bhautika padArthoM para jinako ve Azraya dete haiM yA jinase sambandhita haiN| sabhI vastue~ AkAza meM sthAna kI apekSA se rahI huI haiN| ___ isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki AkAza eka agatizIla (sthira) AdhAra ke rUpa meM hai tathA usameM pRthvI aura anya AkAzIya piNDa rahe hue haiN| vaha AkAza asIma vistAra vAlA hai, cAhe vaha draSTA dvArA jAnA-dekhA jAe yA nahIM / cAhe vaha kisI padArtha dvArA avagAhita ho yA nhiiN| inakI apekSA binA vaha svataMtra rUpa se astitva meM hai aura sadA se astitva meM thA tathA sadA astitva meM rhegaa| AkAza eka aura akhaNDa tattva hai / bhinna-bhinna padArthoM dvArA avagAhita hone para bhI usake guNoM meM parivartana nahIM aataa|' jainadarzana ke anusAra AkAza svatantra dravya hai| dik usI kA kAlpanika vibhAga hai| AkAza koI Thosa dravya nahIM, apitU khAlI sthAna hai, vaha sarvavyApI, amUrta aura ananta pradezI hai / akhaNDa hote hue bhI AkAza ke do vibhAga kiye gaye haiM-lokAkAza aura alokAkAza / jaise-jala kA Azraya sthAna jalAzaya kahalAtA hai, vase hI samasta dravyoM kA Azraya sthAna lokAkAza hai| sahaja jijJAsA ho sakatI hai ki AkAza eka aura akhaNDa dravya hai, phira use do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kyoM kiyA gayA hai? .. samAdhAna hai ki AkAza kA jo vibhAjana lokAkAza-alokAkAza ke rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai, vaha AkAza kI apekSA se nahIM, kintu dharma-adharma dravya Adi ke AdhAra se kiyA gayA hai / vastutaH AkAza eka aura akhaNDa dravya hai, parantu AkAza ke jisa khaNDa meM dharma, adharma, jIva, pudgala aura kAla pAye jAte haiM, vaha lokAkAza hai; aura jisa khaNDa meM unakA abhAva hai, vaha alokAkAza hai / vaise AkAza loka aura aloka sabhI sthAnoM para ekasA hai, usameM kiMcit bhI antara nahIM hai| AkAzadravya ke astitva ko mAnane kA eka kAraNa yaha bhI hai ki do vastuoM athavA binduoM ke bIca rahA huA antara (Distance) hameM 1. (ka) dekheM-moTe aura kejori dvArA 'prisipiyA maithemeTikA' kA aMgrejI anuvAda, pR0 6. (kha) dekheM-'hvITTAkara ke dvArA nyUTana ke AkAza-sambandhI vicAroM kI vyAkhyA -"phroma yukliDa Tu eDiMgTana'. pR0 130. 2. uttarAdhyayana 36 / 2 3. ' A''kAzAdekadravyANi niSkriyANi ca / -tatvArtha0 5 / 4
Page #543
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ astikAyadharma-svarUpa | 217 AkAza ke kAraNa hI samajha meM AtA hai / 'ka' se 'kha' ATha phuTa kI dUrI para khar3A hai, aisA kahane meM AkAza nimittarUpa hai / yadi bIca meM AkAza -- avakAza na ho to unakA antara hama nahIM kaha sakate / antara ke kAraNa atinikaTa, nikaTa, dUra, sudUra kA tathA lambAI, caur3AI aura U~cAI kA vyavahAra sambhava hai / dizAoM- vidizAoM kA jJAna bhI AkAza se hI ho sakatA hai / loka ke tIna bhAga - Urdhvaloka, adholoka aura tiryagloka bhI AkAza ke AdhAra se hI kiye gaye haiM / (4) kAladravya - kAla ke sambandha meM jaina sAhitya kA manthana karane para abhimata pratIta hote haiM (1) kAla svataMtra dravya nahIM haiM, vaha jIva aura ajIva kI paryAya hai / jo jisa dravya kI paryAya hai, vaha usa dravya ke antargata hI hai / jIva kI paryAya jIva hai, ajIva kI paryAya ajIva / isa dRSTi se jIva aura ajIva dravya kA paryAya- pariNamana hI upacAra se kAla kahA jAtA hai / ataH jIva aura ajIva ko 'kAladravya' mAnanA cAhie, vaha pRthak tattva nahIM hai / (2) dvitIya mata ke anusAra kAla eka sarvathA svataMtra dravya hai / usakA spaSTa AghoSa hai ki jaise jIva aura pudgala svataMtra dravya haiM, usI prakAra kAla bhI hai / ataH kAla ko jIva Adi kI paryAya pravAha rUpa na mAnakara, pRthak tattva mAnanA cAhie / zvetAmbara Agama sAhitya meM tathA granthoM meM kAla sambandhI ina donoM mAnyatAoM kA ullekha milatA hai / " digambara paramparA ke sAhitya meM kevala dvitIya pakSa ko hI mAnA hai / " prathama maMta kA phalitArtha yaha hai ki jIva - ajIva donoM apane-apane rUpa meM svataH hI pariNata hote haiM / ataH jIva ajIva ke paryAya puraMja ko hI kAla kahanA cAhie | kAla apane Apa meM koI svataMtra dravya nahIM hai / dvitIya mata kA phalitArtha yaha hai ki jaise jIva aura pudgala svayaM hI gati karate haiM aura svayaM hI sthira hote haiM / unakI gati aura sthiti meM sahAyaka rUpa meM dharmAstikAya aura adharmAstikAya ko svataMtra dravya mAnA gayA hai, vaise hI jIva aura ajIva meM paryAyapariNamana kA svabhAva hone para bhI usake nimitta kAraNarUpa kAla ko svataMva dravya mAnanA cAhie / 1. ( ka ) bhagavatI 25|4| 734, (kha) uttarA0 28 / 7-8, (ga) jIvAbhigama, (gha) prajJApanA pada 13 (Ga) tatvArtha0 bhASya - vyAkhyA siddhasenagaNitakRta 5 / 38-39, (ca) vizeSAvazyakabhASya 36, 2068 2. tattvArtha0 sarvArthasiddhi, rAjavArtika, zlokavAttika 5 / 38 - 36
Page #544
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 218 | jaina tattva kalikA-saptama kalikA pUrvokta donoM mata virodhI nahIM, apitu paraspara sApekSa haiM / nizcayadaSTi se to kAla jIva-ajIva kA paryAya rUpa mAnane se sabhI kArya evaM vyavahAra sampanna ho jAte haiN| vyavahAradaSTi se use eka svatantra pRthak dravya mAnA hai, aura jIvAjIvAtmaka bhI kahA hai, kyoMki kAla kA vyavahAra padArthoM kI vyavasthA evaM sthiti Adi ke lie hotA hai| ____samaya, AvalikA rUpa kAla jIva-ajIva se pRthak nahIM hai, unhIM kI paryAya hai| 'upakArakaM dravyam' isa siddhAnta-vAkya ke anusAra vartanA, pariNAma, kriyA, paratva aura aparatva ye kAla ke upakAra haiN| isI upakArakatA ke kAraNa vaha dravya mAnA jAtA hai| nyAya aura vaizeSika darzana meM kAla ko eka nitya aura sampUrNa kAryoM kA nimitta mAnA gayA hai| ina donoM darzanoM meM kramazaH paratva-aparatva Adi tathA pUrva-apara, yugapat-ayugapat, cira-kSipra ko kAla ke liMga mAnA gayA hai| . sAMkhya, yoga, vedAnta Adi darzanoM meM kAla ko svatantra tattva nahIM mAnA hai| kAlatattvaviSayaka do mAnyatAe~ jaise jainadarzana meM haiM vaise hI vaidika darzanoM meM bhI svatantra kAlavAdI aura asvatantra kAlavAdI-donoM mAnyatAe~ haiN| bauddhadarzana meM kAla ko svabhAvasiddha padArtha na mAnakara kevala prajJapti mAtra-vyavahAra ke lie kalpita mAnA hai| digambara paramparA ke anusAra kAla aNurUpa hai| kAlANaoM kI saMkhyA lokAkAza ke tulya hai| AkAza ke eka-eka pradeza para eka-eka kAlANu avasthita hai / 'eka-eka samaya meM kAla ke utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya nAmaka artha sadaiva hote haiM / yahI kAlANu ke astitva kA hetu hai / ' kAlANu 1. (ka) prajJApanA pada 1, (kha) uttarA0 28 / 10, (ga) bhagavatI 2 / 10 / 120, 13 / 4 / 482, 25 / 4 2. sthAnAMga, sUtra 65 3. (ka) nyAyakArikA 46 : parAparatvadhIhetuH kSaNAdiH syAdupAdhitaH / (kha) vaizeSika sUtra 2 / 2 / 6 4. loyAyAsapadese ekkekke je ThiyA hu ekkekkA / rayaNANaM rAsimiva te kAlANu asaMkhadavvANi / / -sarvArthasiddhi pR0 161 5. egamhi saMti samaye, saMbhavaThiiNAsa saNNidA aTThA / samayassa savvakAla esa hi kaalaannusbbhaavo|| -pravacanasAroddhAra gA0 143
Page #545
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ astikAyadharma-svarUpa | 219 ko naizcayika kAla mAnakara zAzvata mAnA gayA hai| dravyoM meM navIna-prAcIna Adi-Adi yaryAyoM kA samaya, ghar3I, muhUrta AdirUpa sthiti ko vyavahAra kAla kI saMjJA dI gaI hai, jo ki dravya kI paryAya se sambandha rakhane vAlI sthiti hai| kintu jo dravya kI paryAya hai, vaha vyAvahArika kAla nahIM hai| vijJAna kI daSTi meM AkAza aura kAla koI svatantra tattva nahIM, kintu dravya yA padArtha ke dharmamAtra haiN| vaijJAnikoM kA kathana hai ki jyoM-jyoM kAla bItatA hai, tyoM-tyoM vaha lambA hotA jAtA hai, kAla AkAza sApekSa hai / kAla kI lambAI ke sAtha-sAtha AkAza (vizva ke Ayatana) kA bhI prasAra ho rahA hai|' isa prakAra kAla aura AkAza donoM vastudharma haiN| (5) pudgalAstikAya-vijJAna ne jise maiTara (Matter) aura inarjI (Energy) kahA hai, nyAya-vaizeSika darzana jise bhautika tattva kahate haiM, use hI jainadarzana ne pudgala kI saMjJA pradAna dii| bauddhadarzana meM pudgala zabda AlayavijJAna (cetanAsantati) ke artha meM prayukta huA hai| yadyapi jainAgama meM abhedopacAra se pudgala yukta (pudgalI) ko pudgala kahA hai. tathApi mukhyatayA pudagala kA artha-mUrta dravya hai / ataH pUdagaloM ke astitva ke lie pramANa kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| ___isake atirikta pudgala ko svatantra dravya mAnane kA kAraNa yaha hai ki jIva, dharma, adharma aura AkAza, ye cAra dravya avibhAgI haiN| kyoMki dharma, adharma aura AkAza, ye tInoM eka aura akhaNDa hone se inake pradezoM meM hrAsa evaM vaddhi kI kriyA sambhava nahIM, kAla kA pratyeka pradeza athavA paramANu svatantra hai, ataH usameM bhI hrAsa-vRddhi asambhava hai / aisI hI sthiti jIva kI hai / usakA koI bhI bhAga alaga hokara punaH milatA nhiiN| vaha akhaNDa asaMkhya pradezI vastu ke rUpa meM jaisA hotA hai, vaisA hI rahatA hai| ataH inameM saMyoga aura vibhAga nahIM hotA / saMyojita-viyojita honA pudgala kI hI vizeSatA hai| pUrvokta cAroM dravyoM ke avayavoM kI paramANu dvArA kalpanA kI jAtI hai ki mAna lo, yadi hama ina cAroM dravyoM ke paramANu jitane khaNDa-khaNDa kareM to jIva, dharma aura adharma dravya ke asaMkhya aura AkAza ke ananta khaNDa hoNge| kintu pudgala vAstava meM akhaNDa dravya nahIM hai / usakA sabase choTA 1. mAkha kI kahAnI pR0 1225 kA saMkSepa 2. jIve NaM bhaMte ! kiM poggalI, poggale ? goyamA ! jIve poggalI vi, poggale vi / -bhagavatI 8 / 466
Page #546
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 220 | jaina tasvakalikA--saptama kalikA rUpa eka paramANu hai aura sabase bar3A rUpa samagra vizvavyApI acita mahAMskandha' hai / isIlie pudgala ko pUraNa- galanadharmI kahA gayA hai / (6) jIvAstikAya - jIva ( AtmA ) ke astitva ke sambandha meM hama pUrva kalikA meM AtmavAda ke sandarbha meM paryApta prakAza DAla cuke haiM / yahA~ itanA hI kahanA paryApta hogA ki cetanA lakSaNa vAlA jIva ke atirikta anya koI bhI dravya nahIM / chahoM dravyoM meM jIva ke atirikta sabhI dravya ajIva haiM / vizva meM koI bhI prANI aisA nahIM, jisameM cetanA kA sadbhAva na ho / jJAna ke AvaraNa kI nyUnAdhikatA ke anusAra usakA vikAsa kama yA adhika hotA hai / ataH jIva aura ajIva kA bheda batAte hue kahA haikevalajJAna kA anantavA~ bhAga to sabhI jIvoM meM anAvRta rahatA hI hai / yadi vaha bhI AvRta ho jAe to jIva ajIva ho jAegA, kintu aisA kabhI hotA nahIM / vyAvahArika dRSTi se sajAtIya janma, vRddhi, sajAtIya utpAdana, kSatasaMrohaNa aura aniyamita tiryaggati, ye jIva ke lakSaNa haiM, jo ajIva (jar3a) nahIM pAe jAte / eka mazIna mAnava dvArA utpanna yA nirmita kI jAtI hai, vaha svayaM ko svayaM utpanna ( janmagrahaNa) nahIM kara sakatI; vaha apanA AhAra dUsare ke dvArA grahaNa kara sakatI hai, para usa AhAra ke rasa se apanI kAyA bar3hA nahIM sakatI / yadyapi svayaM ko niyaMtrita karane vAlI (Automatic ) mazIneM bhI haiM, TArapiDoM meM svayaMcAlaka zakti bhI hai tathApi ve yaMtra na to sajAtIya yaMtra se paidA hote haiM aura na kisI sajAtIya yaMtra ko paidA karate haiM / aisA koI bhI yaMtra nahIM hai, jo svayaM kI marammata svayaM kara sake, svayaM ko svayaM ThIka (svastha) kara sake yA mAnavakRta niyamana ke abhAva meM svecchA se idhara-udhara jA sake / eka Tra ena sTArTa karane para manoM TanoM vajana lekara paTarI para vAyuvega se daur3a sakatI hai, parantu na to vaha nanhI-sI cIMTI ke samAna svecchA se kahIM ruka sakatI hai aura na idhara-udhara mur3a sakatI hai, kyoMki cIMTI meM cetanA hai, Trena meM cetanA kA abhAva hai / yaMtra meM cetanA zakti nahIM, usakA niyAmaka cetanAvAn prANI hai / yahI cetana (jIva ) aura acetana ( ajIva pudgala yA jar3a) meM antara hai | 1. kevalI samudghAta ke pA~caveM samaya meM AtmA se chUTe hue jo pudgala samUce loka meM vyApta hote haiM, unheM 'acitta mahAskandha' kahate haiM /
Page #547
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ astikAyadharma-svarUpa | 221 jo vizeSatAe~ cetanAvAn jIva meM hotI haiM, ve ajIva meM nahIM hotI ye hI vizeSatAe~ jIva dravya kA svataMtra astitva siddha karatI haiM / ataH jIva dravya cetana svarUpa hai, jAnane aura dekhane rUpa upayoga vAlA hai, prabhu ( utthAna-patana ke lie svayaM uttaradAyI) hai, kartA- bhoktA hai, svazarIra pramANa hai / yadyapi vaha mUrtta nahIM hai, tathApi karmoM se saMyukta hai / ' dravyoM kA mUlya - nirNaya aba chaha dravyoM ke mUlya-nirNaya ke sambandha meM vicAra kara lenA ucita hai / mUlyanirNaya meM yahA~ tIna bAtoM kA vicAra karanA hai(1) svarUpa nirNaya, (2) guNa - dharma - upakArakatvanirNaya aura (3) vastutvanirNaya | svarUpanirNaya meM pratyeka dravya ke dravya-kSetra kAla-bhAva aura guNa kI dRSTi se vibhinna pahaluoM se vicAra karanA hai / (1) dharmAstikAya - dravya se - saMkhyA kI dRSTi se dharmAstikAya eka hai, arthAt - asaMkhya pradezoM kA eka avibhAjya piNDa hai / dharmadravya pUrA eka dravya vaha jIva Adi ke samAna pRthak-pRthak rUpa se nahIM rahatA, kintu akhaNDa dravyarUpa meM avasthita hai / isakA artha hai - usameM jitane asaMkhyAta pradeza haiM, ve pradeza kama yA jyAdA nahIM hote, sadaiva utane asaMkhyAta hI bane rahate haiM / kSetra se - avagAhana kI dRSTi se vaha samagra lokavyApI hai / loka meM koI aisA sthAna nahIM, jahA~ dharma dravya na ho / sampUrNa lokavyApI hone se use anyatra jAne kI AvazyakatA nahIM rahatI / kAla se - kAla kI apekSA se vaha anAdi-ananta hai, zAzvata hai * / sadA thA, sadA hai aura sadA rahegA / vaha na to kabhI utpanna huA aura na hI kabhI naSTa hogA / bhAva se -- avasthA kI dRSTi se varNa, gandha, rasa aura sparza se rahita hone se vaha arUpI hai, amUrta hai, nirAkAra hai / . guNa se svabhAva se vaha padArthoM (jIvoM aura pudgaloM) kI gati - kriyA meM apekSita sahAyatA karatA hai / yahA~ taka ki jIvoM ke gamanAgamana, halana calana, baiThanA - bolanA, unmeSa, tathA mAnasika - vacika - kAyika Adi 1. jIvotti havai cedA uvaoga visesido pahU kattA / bhottA yA dehamatto, Na hi mutto, kammasaMjutto // 2. kAlao... jAva Nicce - paMcAstikAya avaSNe agaMdhe arase aphAse / ' - bhagavatI za0 2 u0 10
Page #548
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 222 | jaina tattvakalikA - saptama kalikA samasta spandanAtmaka pravRttiyoM meM dharmadravya sahAyaka hai / gatikriyA meM sahAyatA dene ke svabhAva se kadApi cyuta na honA dharma kA nityatva hai / jaise - matsya ko tairane meM jala sahAyaka hotA hai / 1 - (2) adharmAstikAya - vaha bhI dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva kI dRSTi se dharmAstikAya ke hI samAna hai / guNa se - dharmadravya jIvoM aura pudgaloM kI gati - kriyA meM sahAyaka hai, vaise hI adharmadravya unakI sthitikriyA meM sahAyaka hai / jaise pathika ko vRkSa kI chAyA sahAyaka hotI hai / zaMkA : samAdhAna - dharma aura adharma dravya ko AkAza ke eka bhAga (lokAkAza) meM hI vyApta na mAnakara samagra AkAza meM vyApta mAnA jAegA to jahA~-jahA~ AkAza hogA, bahA~-vahA~ dharma-adharma dravya hoMge, aisI sthiti meM aloka kA lopa ho jAegA aura loka kI sImA kA anta nahIM AegA, usameM jo eka prakAra kI vyavasthA dikhAI detI hai, vaha dikhAI na AkAza kSetra meM ruke binA saMcaraNa phira unakA milanA bhI lagabhaga degI / phira to jIva aura pudgala ananta kareMge to aise titara-bitara ho jAe~ge ki asambhava hI jAegA / isake atirikta loka ke agrabhAga meM jo siddhi-sthAna hai, usakA bhI lopa ho jAegA / karmabandhana se mukta hote hI siddhajIva Urdhvagati karake loka ke agrabhAga (anta) meM pahu~ca jAtA hai, kintu loka kA koI anta (sImA) nahIM hogA to karmamukta siddha jIva ko Urdhvagati jArI rakhanI par3egI, usakA kabhI anta nahIM AegA, kyoMki vaha ananta loka meM gati kara rahA hogA / aisI sthiti meM aba taka jo jIva mukta-siddha hue haiM, ve saba bhI gatimAna hI raheMge, kyoMki phira to siddhi sthAna jaisA koI sthAna hI na rahegA / siddhoM kI yaha sthiti dekhakara kauna sujJa siddhi ke lie puruSArtha karegA ? phira to siddhi kA bhI lopa ho jAegA / jaba sImita lokAkAza - jaisA kucha nahIM hogA to jIva ananta AkAza meM kahIM ke kahIM, titara-bitara 1. dhammatthikAyamarasaM aNNamagaMdhaM asamaphAsaM / logogADhaM puDhaM pihulamasaMkhAdiya padesaM // - paMcAstikAya 83 2. jaha havati dhammadavva taha taM jANeha davvamadhammakkhaM / fofa fafrayAjuttA ( jIvapoggalANa) kAraNabhUdaM tu puDhavIva // - paMcAstikAya 86
Page #549
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ astikAyadharma-svarUpa | 223 hokara bhaTakane lageMge, phira unheM kahA~ to mokSa-mArga kA upadeza diyA jAegA? kahA~ ve sAdhanA kareMge? kahA~ ve sAdhana juTAeMge? isa prakAra dharma aura adharma dravya ko sarvavyApI mAnane se avyavasthA utpanna ho jAtI hai| ataH inheM loka paryanta mAnanA hI ucita hai|' (3) AkAzAstikAya-dravya se-AkAza eka ananta pradezAtmaka aura akhaNDa dravya hai / kSetra se-lokAloka pramANa hai| AkAza ananta vistAra vAlA hai| arthAt-loka meM dharma-adharma dravya ke tulya usake asaMkhya pradeza haiM aura aloka meM ananta pradeza haiM / kAla kI apekSA se-AkAza anAdi ananta hai / bhAva kI dRSTi se-AkAza arUpI-amUrta hai / guNa kI apekSA se- usakA avakAza dene kA svabhAva hai| jaise-dUdha meM zakkara ko avakAza mila jAtA hai| zaMkA-samAdhAna-prazna hotA hai ki AkAza sarvatra eka rUpa aura akhaNDa hai, usake koI bhAga yA Tukar3e nahIM haiM, to ghaTAkAza, paTAkAza, maThAkAza Adi kyoM kahe jAte haiM ? isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki ye saba aupacArika prayoga haiM / anya vastuoM kI apekSA se use aisA kahate haiM, isase AkAza kI eka-rUpatA aura akhaNDatA ko koI AMca nahIM aatii| AkAza ke jitane bhAga meM ghaTa, paTa yA maTha vyApta hokara rahatA hai usakA nAma kramazaH ghaTAkAza, paTAkAza yA maThAkAza hai| kahA jAtA hai ki AkAza sarvavyApI hai, isa para prazna hotA hai 'Upara AkAza aura nIce dharatI' aisI lokokti prasiddha hai, sAmAnya logoM kA anubhava bhI aisA hai, isa dRSTi se AkAza ko to Upara hI vyApta kahanA cAhie, vaha nIce vyApta kaise mAnA jA sakatA hai ? isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki hamAre Upara bahuta-sA avakAza rahA huA dikhAI detA hai, isalie hama mAna lete haiM aura bhASA prayoga karate haiM ki AkAza sirpha Upara ho hai, kintu AkAza kA vistAra sirpha UrvadizA meM hI nahIM hai| vaha pUrva, pazcima, uttara, dakSiNa, IzAna, naiRtya, vAyavya aura Agneya ina dizA-vidizAoM meM tathA adhodizA meM bhI vyApta hai| zAstrIya mAnyatA ke anusAra pRthvI AkAza para pratiSThita-sthita hai| isakA pramANa yaha 1. AgAsaM avagAsaM gamaNaTridikAraNehiM de di jadi / uDDhe gadippadhANA siddhA ciTThati kidha tattha / / -paMcAstikAya 62
Page #550
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 224 | jaina tattvakalikA-saptama kalikA hai ki dharatI kA koI bhI Tukar3A le liyA jAya to vahA~ AkAza zeSa rhegaa| eka dasa phUTa lambA, caur3A aura gaharA gaDDA khodA jAya to usameM kyA rahegA ? yadi havA rahane kI zaMkA ho to havA bhI yaMtrAdi ke prayoga se khIMca lI jAya to vahA~ kevala AkAza hI bAkI bacegA / isakA artha yaha huA ki dharatI kA vaha bhAga AkAza para hI rahA huA thaa| . zaMkA ho sakatI hai ki itanI bhArI bharakama pRthvI AkAza para kaise raha sakatI hai ? isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki 'pRthvI ghanodadhi (jame hue gAr3ha pAnI) para Tika sakatI hai, tathA ghanodadhi dhanavAta para Tika sakatA hai, aura aura ghanavAta tanuvAta (patalI havA) para raha sakatI hai evaM vaha tanuvAta AkAza para raha sakatI hai|' aisA zAstrIya niyama hai aura vastu kA svabhAva hI aisA siddha hotA hai jisase vaha usa prakAra se rahatI hai / anyathA, pairoM ke nIce kI pRthvI Adi ko kahA~ taka kisake AdhAra para mAnA jAegA? ataH yaha siddha huA ki pRthvI AkAza para rahI huI hone se usake nIce bhI AkAza vyApta hai| isa dRSTi se AkAza ko sarvavyApI mAnanA hI ucita hai| 'pRthvI AkAza para sthita hai', yaha tathya Adhunika vijJAna ne bhI mAnA hai| nizcaya dRSTi se to sabhI dravya svapratiSThita (apane-apane svarUpa meM sthita) haiM, eka dravya dUsare dravya meM tAttvika dRSTi se nahIM rhtaa| kintu vyavahAra daSTi se dharma Adi dravyoM kA AdhAra AkAza hI hai| AkAza ke atirikta zeSa sabhI dravya Adheya haiM / prazna hotA hai-AkAza kA AdhAra kyA hai ? isakA uttara yahI hai ki AkAza kA anya koI AdhAra nahIM hai, kyoMki usase bar3A, usake tulya parimANa kA anya koI tattva nahIM hai / isa prakAra vyavahAra aura nizcaya donoM daSTiyoM se AkAza svapratiSTha hai / AkAza ko anya dravyoM kA AdhAra isalie kahA gayA hai ki vaha saba dravyoM se vizAla hai| - kahA jAtA hai ki AkAza ananta hai, cAhe jitanI dUra jAe~, usakA ora-chora-anta nahIM AtA / isa para prazna uThatA hai ki pratyeka vastupustaka, maidAna, sarovara, nadI Adi kA ora-chora hotA hai, phira AkAza kA ora-chora kyoM nahIM ? isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki jisa padArtha ko kisI para 1. bhagavatI sUtra
Page #551
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ astikAyadharma-svarUpa | 225 rahanA hotA hai, usakA chora hotA hai, kintu jise kisI para rahanA nahIM hai, usa para yaha niyama lAgU nahIM ho sktaa| isI prakAra jo vastu dezavyApI (kSetra ke kisI niyata bhAga meM vyApta) hotI hai, usakA chora yA anta hotA hai, parantu jo vastu sarvavyApI (sarvakSetra meM vyApta) hotI hai, usakA chora yA anta nahIM hotaa| yadi usakA chora yA anta ho to use sarvavyApI nahIM kahA jA sakatA / sarvavyApI kA artha hI hai, jisameM azeSa-sarva vyApta ho, kucha bhI zeSa na rahe / ataH sarva-vyApI AkAza kA anta yA chora nahIM mAnA jaataa| Adhunika vijJAna bhI AkAza ko ananta mAnatA hai| ataH AkAza ko 'ananta' kahanA yathArtha hai| lokAkAza asaMkhyAta pradezAtmaka hai aura alokAkAza ananta pradezAtmaka hai| yoM sampUrNa AkAza ke ananta pradeza hai| ananta meM se asaM. khyAta ko pRthaka kara deM to bhI ananta hI zeSa rheNge| kyoMki parItAnanta, yuktAnanta, anantAnanta, yoM ananta tIna prakAra kA hai tathA ina saba ke prakAra bhI ananta haiN| . kahate haiM, AkAza amUrta-arUpI hai, usakI koI AkRti nahIM, sAtha hI usameM varNa, gandha, rasa yA sparza nahIM hai / yahA~ jijJAsA hotI hai ki yadi AkAza kI koI AkRti nahIM, to vaha gumbaja jaisA golAkAra kyoM dIkhatA hai ? yadi.vaha varNarahita hai to AsamAnI raMga kA kyoM dikhAI detA hai ? subaha yA zAma ko vividha manohara raMga vayoM dhAraNa karatA hai ?' __ isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki maidAna meM khar3e hokara AkAza ko dekhA jAe to usakA AkAra addha golAkAra-sA dikhAI detA hai yaha hamArI darzanakriyA ke kAraNa hai / AkAza meM eka prakAra kA vAtAvaraNa hotA hai, arthAtausameM havA, raja Adi vastue~ hotI haiM, jinake kAraNa aisI darzanakriyA sambhava hotI hai / saba ora daSTi-maryAdA samAna antara vAlI hotI hai, taba aisI darzanakriyA hotI hai| yadi AMkha ko madhya bindu para sthApita karake Upara aura tirachI lakIreM khIMcI jAe~ to kula milAkara gumbaja kA AkAra bana jaaegaa| isake atirikta darzanakriyA kA yaha niyama hai ki yadi vastu atidUra ho to usakI kiraNeM A~kha taka pahu~cane meM vakrAkAra ho jAtI haiM, isa kAraNa vaha vasta golAkAra dikhAI detI hai| sUrya, candra, tAre Adi golAkAra dikhAI dete haiM, isakA mukhya kAraNa bhI yahI hai / 1. dhammo ahammo AgAsaM davvaM ikkikkamAhiyaM / aNaMtANi ya davANi kAlo puggala jaMtavo / / -uttarA02818
Page #552
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 226 | ana tattvakalikA-saptama kalikA - darzanakriyA kI isa vizeSatA se hI AkAza nIle raMga kA dikhAI detA hai| kisI vyakti ne raMga-biraMge vastra pahane hoM, vaha jyoM-jyoM dUra jAtA hai, tyoM-tyoM eka-sA raMga dikhAI detA hai aura anta meM AsamAnI raMga kA koI dhabbA ho, aisA AbhAsa hotA hai / parvata zikharoM kA apanA raMga kaisA hI ho, magara dUra se dekhane vAle ko ve halake nIle yA halake kAle raMga ke dikhAI dete haiM / AkAza meM phaile hue vAtAvaraNa ke viSaya meM bhI aisA hI samajhanA cAhie / prAtaH aura sAyaMkAla Adi samaya meM AkAza meM jo raMga dikhAI dete haiM, ve sUrya kI kiraNoM ke vAtAvaraNa meM amuka prakAra se prasAraNa aura vibhinna padgala paramANuoM ke saMyoga hone para AdhArita haiM / . eka prazna hai jo avakAza de, use AkAza kahate haiM / pA~coM dravyoM ko Azraya dene se kAraNa lokAkAza ko to AkAza kahanA ucita hai, parantu alokAkAza to kisI ko bhI Azraya nahIM detA, phira use AkAza kyoM kahA jAtA hai ? uttara meM yaha kahanA hai ki AkAza kA dharma to avakAza denA hI hai, kintu vaha avakAza-Azraya use hI detA hai, jo usameM rahe-avagAhana kre| alokAkAza meM jaba koI dravya nahIM rahatA, na jAtA hai, taba alokAkAza kise avakAza de ? vastutaH AkAza kA dharma (svabhAva) to avakAza denA hI hai, bazarte ki usakA Azraya lene koI jAe / dharma-adharmadravya kA abhAva hone se anya dravya bhI vahA~ nahIM rhte| (4) kAladravya-dravya se-kAladravya ananta haiM, kyoMki vaha ananta jIvoM aura pudgaloM para varatatA hai| kSetra se DhAI dvIpa pramANa hai / kyoMki manuSya loka meM hI sUrya-candra bhramaNa karate haiN| unake ghUmane ke AdhAra para hI duniyA meM ghar3I, ghaMTA, dina-rAta, saptAha, pakSa, mAsa, varSa, Adi kA evaM tadanusAra jIvoM ke ke AyuSya kA parimANa hotA hai| isIlie sthAnAMgasUtra meM kAla ke cAra prakAra batAe haiM-(1) pramANa kAla, (jisa kAla ke dvArA padArtha kA mApa kiyA jAe), (2) yathAyunivRttikAla (jIvana kI vividha avasthAe~,) (3) maraNa kAla aura (4) addhA-kAla' (candra-sUrya kI gati se sambandhita ghaMTA, dina-rAta, Adi samaya) / addhAkAla hI kAla kA mukhya rUpa hai, vahI vyAvahArika kAla hai| samaya se lekara pudgala parAvartana taka ke jitane bhI vibhAga kiye jAte haiM, ve 1 sthAnAMga, sthAna 4
Page #553
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ astikAyadharma-svarUpa | 227 sabhI addhAkAla ke haiN| nizcaya kAla to jIva-ajIva kI paryAya hai| vaha loka-vyApI hai / usake vibhAga nahIM hote / kAla se vaha anAdi-ananta hai| ___ saMkSepa meM, kAla ke (kAla ke sAre vibhAgoM ko) atIta (bhUtakAla), vartamAna (pratyutpanna) aura anAgata (bhaviSyatkAla) ye tIna svarUpa haiM / yadi koI pUche bhUtakAla ko vi tane varSa bIta gae ? yA bhaviSya meM kitane varSa Ayage ? ina donoM praznoM kA uttara hama gaNanA se batA nahIM sakate / kyoMki kAla kA pravAha bIca meM rukatA nahIM hai / vaha eka ke bAda eka dina, mAsa, varSa Adi ke rUpa meM atIta meM bhI AtA-jAtA rahA hai aura bhaviSya meM AtA-jAtA rhegaa| aisI sthiti meM kAla kA koI anta A hI nahIM sktaa| ataH hameM apanI sUkSma buddhi se socakara kahanA par3egA ki bhUtakAla meM ananta varSa vyatIta ho gae aura bhaviSya meM ananta varSa Ayage isa kAraNa kAla ananta hai, ananta samayAtmaka hai / bhUtakAla bar3A yA bhaviSyakAla ? isa prazna kA uttara jaina siddhAntAnusAra bhaviSyakAla ke pakSa meM diyA gayA hai| vartamAnakAla eka samayAtmaka hai, use hI naizcayikakAla samajhanA caahie| zeSa saba vyAvahArikakAla haiN| kAla kA sabase sUkSma vibhAga 'samaya' hai, jo avibhAjya hai / 'samaya' kA svarUpa samajhAne ke lie zAstrakAra ne kamalazatapatrabheda kA aura vastra-vidAraNa kI kriyA kA udAharaNa diyA hai| arthAt-kamala ke pratyeka patte ko bIMdhane meM jitanA kAla lagatA hai, athavA aneka tantuoM se nirmita vastra ke eka tantu ke prathama roe~ ke chedana meM jitanA kAla lagatA hai, usakA bahuta hI sUkSma aMza yAnI asaMkhyAtavA~ bhAga- 'samaya' kahalAtA hai| kAla gaNanA ko tAlikA avibhAjya kAla =1 samaya asaMkhya samaya = 1 AvalikA 256 AvalikA= 1 kSullakabhava yA sAdhika 17 kSullakabhava (sabase choTI Ayu) yA eka zvAsocchvAsa / 2223. AvAla 1prANa 1 bhagavatI sUtra 11 / 11 / 128 2 osappiNI aNaMtA, poggalapariyaTTao muNeyavvo / te'NaMtA tIyaddhA, aNAgayaddhA aNaMtaguNA / / 3 jambUdvIpaprajJaptivRtti-vartamAnaH punarvartamAnakasamayAtmakaH / - asmanaizcayikaH sarvo'pyanyastu vyAvahArikaH // 16 // 4 jambUdvIpa prajJapti-kAlAdhikAra se /
Page #554
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ - 228 | jaina tatvakalikA - saptama kalikA - prANa = 1 stoka stoka = 1 lava .77 lava = 2 2 pakSa = 1 mAsa mAsa = 1 Rtu Rtu = 1 ayana ayana = 1 varSa varSa = 1 yuga 70 lAkha karor3a, 56 hajAra karor3a varSa = 1 pUrva asaMkhya varSa = 1 palyopama 3 lava = 1 ghar3I (24 minaTa) 2 5 (2 ghar3I ( 48 minaTa) yA 1 muhUrta (,, ,,). yA 3773 prANa 'yA 16777216 AvalikA 10 kror3Akror3apalyopama = 1 sAgaropama yA 65536 kSullakabhava 20 kror3Akror3a sAgaropama = 1 kAlacakra 30 muhUrta = eka ahorAtra (dina-rAta ) utsarpiNI evaM avasarpiNI anantakAla cakra = 1 puMdgalaparAvartana 15 dina = 1 pakSa bhAva se - kAla dravya arUpI - amUrta hai / kAla mUrta dravya nahIM hai / * usameM varNa, gandha, rasa aura sparza nahIM hotA / vaha sirpha eka pradezarUpa hone tathA kAla ke do samaya ikaTThe na ho sakane se vaha 'astikAya' nahIM kahalAtA / guNa se -- kAla varttanAlakSaNa hai / navIna prAcIna, jyeSTha-kaniSTha, zIghravilambita Adi vyavahAra kAla ke kAraNa pravartita hotA hai / AyuSya kA mAna kAla se nikalatA hai / bIja se vRkSotpatti, bAlaka se yuvaka athavA vRddha kI pariNati bhI kAla kI sahAyatA se saMbhava hai / isI prakAra halana calana, khAna-pAna, nahAnA-dhonA, vyApAra-dhaMdhA Adi saba kAla kI sahAyatA se saMbhava hai / niSkarSa yaha hai ki kAla kI sahAyatA na ho to koI bhI kriyA asambhava hai / 1 (5) jIvAstikAya - dravya se -- jIva dravya ananta hai, kSetra se - caturdaza rajju parimANa lokavartI, kAla se - anAdi- ananta hai, bhAva se - arUpI tathA guNa se - cetanA lakSaNa vAlA hai / (6) pudgalAstikAya - dravya se - pudgalAstikAya ananta hai, kSetra se - lokaparimANa, kAla se - anAdi-ananta bhAva se -- rUpI hai aura guNa sepUraNa- galana- sar3ana - vidhvaMsana rUpa honA pudgaloM kA svabhAva hai / - -- yadyapi paramANu rUpa pudgala indriyagrAhya nahIM hotA, isakA kAraNa usakI atyadhika sUkSmatA hai / phira bhI vaha amUrta nahIM, mUrta hai - rUpI hai / pAramArthika pratyakSa se vaha jAnA dekhA jAtA hai /
Page #555
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ astikAya dharma-svarUpa | 22e SadravyoM ke nitya - dhruvaguNa SaD dravyoM ke nitya aura dhruvaguNa isa prakAra haiM- ye SaT dravya hai, inameM se 5 dravya ajIva haiM aura eka dravya jIva cetanA lakSaNa vAlA hai / dharmAstikAya ke 4 guNa haiM - (1) arUpI, (2) acetana, (3) akriya, aura (4) gati sahAyaka lakSaNa / adharmAstikAya ke 4 guNa haiM - (1) arUpI, (2) acetana, (3) akriya, aura (4) sthiti sahAyaka lakSaNa / AkAzAstikAya ke 4 guNa - (1) arUpI, (2) acetana, (3) akriya, aura (4) avagAhana guNa / kAladravya ke 4 guNa - (1) arUpI, (2) acetana, (3) akriya aura (4) nava-purANAdi vartanA lakSaNa / pudgalAstikAya ke 4 guNa - (1) rUpI, (2) acetana, (3) sakriya, aura saMyoga-viyoga kA svabhAva / jIvAstikAya ke 4 guNa - (1) ananta jJAna, (2) ananta darzana, (3) ananta sukha, aura (4) ananta vIrya / ' zaMkA-samAdhAna - AkAza ko niSkriya batAyA gayA hai, kyoMki vaha kucha bhI kriyA nahIM karatA hai phira usameM vividha prakAra kI kriyAe~ kyoM dikhAI detI haiM ? kaI darzanika AkAza se zabda kI utpatti mAnate haiM, aisA kyoM ? isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki AkAza meM jo vividha kriyAe~ hotI dikhAI detI haiM, ve jIva aura pudgala ke kriyA svabhAva ke kAraNa haiM / AkAza to unheM avakAza (kSetra) dene ke sivAya aura kucha nahIM karatA / jaise - ghara meM uThane-baiThane, calane-phirane, khAne-pIne Adi kI aneka prakAra kI kriyAe~ hotI dikhAI detI haiM, kintu ve kriyAe~ ghara nahIM karatA / ve to ghara meM rahane vAle manuSya hI karate haiM, ghara to kevala Azraya detA hai, yahI bAta AkAza ke viSaya meM samajhanI cAhie / zabda AkAza se nahIM, pudgala (megha, vidyuta Adi) se utpanna hotA hai / AkAza to usakA kSetramAtra hai / chaha dravyoM kA upakAratva nirNaya vaise to pratyeka dravya apane svarUpa meM sthita hai, kintu chahoM dravya paraspara eka dUsare ke upakArI aura sahayogI banate haiM / jaina darzana ke anu 1. Agama sAra grantha se 1
Page #556
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 230 | jaina tattvakalikA-saptama kalikA sAra yaha vizva chaha dravyoM kA samudAya hai, ina chaha dravyoM kA paraspara saha astiva hai-saMgharSa nhiiN| kyoMki ye chahoM dravya vizva kI vyavasthA meM kisI na kisI prakAra se sahayogI yA upayogI banate haiN| jaise-dharma-gatyupakAraka dravya, adharma-sthityupakAraka dravya, AkAza-avagAhanadAyaka dravya; kAlavartanA, pariNAma, kriyA aura paratva-aparatva upakAraka dravya; pudgala-zarIra, mana, vANI, prANa, zvAsocchavAsa Adi kAryoM meM upakAraka-sahayogI dravya; aura jIva-paraspara eka dUsare ke kArya meM sahAyaka-upakAraka dravya hai / _ 'dharma, adharma aura AkAza, ina tInoM dravyoM se jIvoM ko kyA-kyA lAbha haiM ?' isa sambandha meM bhagavAna mahAvIra aura gautama svAmI ke bhagavatI sUtra meM aMkita praznottara isa tathya para acchA prakAza DAlate haiN| gautama-bhagavan ! dharmAstikAya (gati sahAyaka dravya) se jIvoM ko kyA lAbha hotA hai ? bhagavAn gautama! dharmAstikAya na hotA to gamanAgamana kaise hotA? zabdoM kI taraMgeM kaise phailatI ? AMkheM kaise khulatIM? mAnasika, vAcika aura kAyika pravRttiyA~ (kriyAe~) kaise hotI? yaha vizva acala hI hotaa| ye aura isa prakAra ke vizva ke jitane bhI calabhAva haiM, ve saba dharmAstikAya kI sahAyatA se hI hote haiM / gati meM sahAyaka honA dharmAstikAya kA lakSaNa hai|' ____ gautama-bhagavan ! adharmAstikAya (sthiti-sahAyaka dravya) se jIvoM ko kyA lAbha hotA hai ? - bhagavAn-gautama! adharmAstikAya na hotA to saba prakAra ke sthira bhAva kaise hote ? jase ki-eka jagaha sthira honA, baiThanA, sonA, mana ko ekAgra karanA, mauna karanA, zarIra ko nizcala karanA, A~khoM kA nimeSa (apalaka) honA Adi jIvoM kI sthira hone kI kriyAe~ adharmAstikAya se hI hotI haiM / isI prakAra ke anya jo bhI sthira bhAva haiM, ve saba adharmAstikAya kI sahAyatA se hote haiN| sthiti meM sahAyatA karanA adharmAstikAya kA lakSaNa hai| gautama-bhagavan ! AkAzAstikAya dravya se jIvoM aura ajIvoM ko kyA lAbha hotA hai| bhagavAn--gautama! AkAza dravya nahIM hotA to ye jIva kahA~ hote ? ye 1. dhammasthikAe pavattanti / gailakkhaNe dhmmtthikaae| -bhagavatI0 1314 / 481
Page #557
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ astikAyadharma - svarUpa | 231 dharmAstikAya aura adharmAstikAya kahA~ vyApta hote ? kAla kahA~ baratatA ? pudgala kA raMgamaMca kahA~ banatA ? yaha vizva nirAdhAra hI hotA / AkAza dravya sabhI dravyoM ke lie bhAjana ke samAna hai / kAla dravya ke upakAra - jina upakAroM ke kAraNa kAla ko dravyakoTi meM ginA jAtA hai, unakA varNana tattvArthasUtra meM kiyA gayA hai - varttanA, pariNAma, kriyA, paratva - aparatva, ye kAla ke upakAra haiM / " vartanA kA artha hai-- apane-apane paryAya kI utpatti meM pravarttamAna dharma Adi dravyoM kA astitva jisa avadhi taka rahatA hai, usa avadhi taka kAla kA nimitta rUpa meM vartamAna (vidyamAna ) rahanA, preraka rahanA athavA padArthoM ke pariNamana meM sahakArI honA / kAla padArtha kI avadhi ke una saba kSaNoM kA sUcaka hotA hai | pariNAma - pariNamana bhI kAla ke binA samajhAyA nahIM jA sktaa| jaba kisI padArtha meM pariNamana (svajAti kA tyAga kiye binA hone vAle dravya kA aparispanda paryAya jo pUrvAvasthA kI nivRtti aura uttarAvasthA kI utpatti rUpa hai ) hotA hai, taba svAbhAvika rUpa se pariNamana kA sUcaka kAla hotA hai / jaise -- jIva meM jJAnAdi yA krodhAdirUpa tathA pudgala meM nIla - pItavarNAdirUpa evaM dharmAstikAya Adi zeSa dravyoM meM agurulaghuguNa kI hAni - vRddhirUpa pariNAma hotA hai, usakA sUcaka kAla hotA hai / gati kA artha hai - AkAza pradezoM meM kramazaH sthAna parivartana karanA / ataH kisI bhI padArtha kI gati meM sthAna- parivartana kA vicAra usameM lagane vAle kAla ke sAtha kiyA jAtA hai / isI prakAra anya kriyAoM meM bhI samaya kA vyaya hotA hai / isameM kAla 'nimitta - sahAyaka banatA hai / paratva - aparatva kA artha hai - pahale honA aura pIche honA, athavA purAnA aura nayA yA jyeSThatva - kaniSThatva Adi, ye vicAra bhI kAla ke binA nahIM samajhAe jA sakate / yadyapi vartana Adi kArya yathAsambhava dharmAstikAya Adi dravyoM ke hI haiM, tathApi kAla sabakA nimitta kAraNa hone se kAla dravya ke upakAra rUpa se yahA~ ullekha kiyA gayA hai / pudgalAstikAya ke upakAra - pudgaloM ke upakAra yaha haiM --- zarIra, vANI, mana, niHzvAsa aura ucchvAsa tathA sukha-duHkha, jIvana-maraNa Adi / isake atirikta zabda, bandha, saukSmya, sthaulya, saMsthAna, bheda, tama, chAyA, Atapa 1 varttanA, pariNAmaH kriyA paratvAparatve ca kAlasya / 2 padArtha pariNateryat sahakAritvaM sA varttanA bhaNyate / --tattvArtha0 5 / 22 bRhadravyasaMgrahavRtti
Page #558
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 232 | jaina tasvakalikA --- saptama kalikA aura udyota ye bhI pudgaloM ke kArya haiM, jo jIvoM ke lie prAyaH sahayogI banate haiM / ' audArika Adi zarIra bhI jIvoM ke lie upakAraka banate haiM aura ina saba zarIroM kA nirmANa pudgala se hI hotA hai / inameM kArmaNa zarIra atIndriya hai, kintu vaha audArika Adi mUrta zarIroM ke sambandha se sukha-duHkhAdi vipAka detA hai jaise jalAdi ke sambandha se dhAnya / isalie vaha bhI paugalika hai / vANI - bhASA do prakAra kI haiM - bhAvabhASA aura dravyabhASA / bhAvabhASA to vIryAntarAya, mati zrutajJAnAvaraNIya karma ke kSayopazama se tathA aMgopAMga nAmakarma ke udaya se prApta hone vAlI eka viziSTa zakti hai, jo pudgalasApekSa hone se paudgalika hai aura aisI zaktizAlI AtmA se prerita hokara vacana rUpa meM pariNata hone vAle bhASAvargaNA ke pudgala skandha hI dravyabhASA hai / mana- - labdhi tathA upayogarUpa bhAvamana pudgalAvalambI hone se paugalika hai / jJAnAvaraNa aura vIryAntarAya ke kSayopazama se manovargaNA ke jo skandha guNadoSavivecana, smaraNa Adi kAryAbhimukha AtmA ke anugrAhakasAmarthya ke uttejaka hote haiM, ve dravyamana haiN| isI prakAra mAnasika cintana bhI pudgala kI sahAyatA ke binA nahIM ho sakatA / manovargaNA ke skandhoM kA prANI ke zarIra para anukUla aura pratikUla pariNAma hotA hai / prANApAna - AtmA dvArA zarIra ke andara pahu~cAyA jAne vAlA prANavAyu (prANa) aura udara se bAhara nikAlA jAne vAlA ucchvAsavAyu ( apAna ), ye donoM paudgalika haiM, sAtha hI jIvanaprada hone se AtmA ke anugrahakArI haiN| AcArya nemicandra ke anusAra pudgala zarIra nirmANa kA kAraNa hai / audArikavargaNA se audArika, vaikriyavargaNA se vaikriya, AhAravargaNA se AhAraka zarIra aura zvAsocchvAsa, tejovargaNA se taijasazarIra, bhASA vargaNA se vANI kA manovargaNA se mana kA aura karmavargaNA se kArmaNazarIra kA nirmANa hotA hai / " 1. (ka) zarIravAGmanaH prANApAnAH pudgalAnAm // 19 // (kha) sukha-duHkha jIvitamaraNopagrahAzca // 20 // (ga) zabda -bandha saukSmya - sthaulya saMsthAna bheda tamazchAyAtapodyotavantazca // 24 // -- tattvArthasUtra a0 5 gommaTasAra jIvakANDa, gAthA 606-608:
Page #559
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ astikAyadharma-svarUpa | 233 sukha-duHkha - jIva kA prItirUpa pariNAma sukha aura paritAparUpa pariNAma duHkha hai / sAtAvedanIya aura asAtAvedanIya karmarUpa antaraMga kAraNa aura zubhAzubha pariNAmajanaka dravya, kSetra Adi bAhya nimitta kAraNoM se sukha aura duHkha utpanna hote haiM jIvana-maraNa - Ayukarma ke udaya se dehadhArI jIva ke prANa aura apAna kA calate rahanA jIvita (jIvana) hai, aura prANApAna kA uccheda maraNa hai / vastutaH jIva aura viziSTa karmapudgala skandha paraspara sambaddha hote haiM / karmapudgaloM ke sAtha jIva kA sambandha usakI vividha pravRttiyoM, kriyAoM, manobhAvoM ke kAraNa hotA hai / taba ve karmapudgala jIvoM ko prabhAvita karate haiM / jitane bhI saMsArI prANI haiM, ve saba kinhIM na kinhIM zubhAzubha karmapudgaloM se saMyukta hote haiM, aura unake phalasvarUpa ve sukha-duHkha, jIvana-maraNa Adi pariNAmoM ko bhogate rahate haiM / jo jIva ina karmapudgaloM se mukta ho jAte haiM / ve ina sabhI pariNAmoM mukta ho jAte haiM aura siddha paramAtmA kahalAte haiM / isa prakAra pudgala jIvoM ke prati anugraha-nigraha karane meM nimitta kAraNa bana jAte haiM / isake atirikta pudgaloM ke dazavidha pariNAma ( kArya ) bhI jIva ke lie upakAraka haiM / ve isa prakAra haiM- zabda, bandha, saukSmya, sthaulya, saMsthAna, bheda, tama, chAyA, Atapa aura udyota / saMkSepa meM inakI upakArakatA isa prakAra hai (1) zabda - pudgala dravya kA dhvani rUpa pariNAma zabda hai; jo zrotrendriyagrAhya hai, mUrta hai, bhautika hai / jaise pIpara Adi vastue~ dravyAntara ke vaikArika saMyoga se vikRta mAlUma hotI haiM, vaise hI kaNTha, tAlu, mastaka, bha, dA~ta aura oTha Adi dravyAntara ke vikAra se zabda bhI vikRta hotA hai, ataH pIpara kI bhA~ti vaha mUrta hai / Dhola Adi bajate samaya bhUmi meM kampana hotA hai, bama gole Adi kI AvAja se prAyaH kAna ke parde phaTa jAte haiM, parvata Adi se TakarAne para pratidhvani hotI hai / ina kAraNoM se zabda mUrta siddha hotA hai / vAyu se prerita zabda phailatA hai, bulaMda zabdoM ke Age sUkSma zabda daba jAte haiM / isase siddha hotA hai ki zabda paudgalika haiM / zabda do prakAra se utpanna hote haiM- prayoga se ( prayatnapUrvaka) aura
Page #560
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 234 | jaina tatvakalikA-saptama kalikA visrasA (meghAdi garjana kI bhA~ti svAbhAvika rUpa) se / prAyogika zabda bhI do prakAra kA hotA hai-bhASAtmaka, abhASAtmaka / bhASAtmaka zabda do prakAra ke haiM-akSarakRta, anakSara kRta / abhASAtmaka zabda cAra prakAra ke haiMtata, vitata, ghana aura zuSira / isI prakAra sacitta, acitta aura mizra ye tIna bheda bhI zabda ke haiN| zabda kI gati bahata teja hotI hai / amuka saMyogoM meM zabda sirpha eka samaya meM tiryakloka kI antima sImA taka pahu~ca jAtA hai, aura cAra samaya meM samagraloka meM vyApta ho jAtA hai| bhASAvargaNA (vANo) ke pudgala dUsaroM ko pratibodha dene, zAstra kI vyAkhyA samajhAne, satparAmarza dene, apanI bAta dUsaroM ko samajhAne meM bahuta hI upakAraka hai| .. . (2) bandha-vibhinna paramANuoM kA saMzleSa, saMyoga, milanA yA baMdhanA bandha hai| bandha do yA adhika paramANuoM, yA skandhoM kA, eka yA eka se adhika skandhoM ke sAtha hotA hai / bandha do prakAra kA hotA haiprAyogika (prayatna sApekSa) aura vainasika (prayatna nirapekSa) yathA-jIva aura zarIra kA yA lakar3I aura lAkha kA bandha prAyogika hai tathA bijalI, megha, indradhanuSa Adi kA bandha vaisrasika hai| yahA~ paudgalika pariNAma ke rUpa meM bandha kA nirUpaNa hai, ataH ve bandha anAdi-ananta na hokara sAdi-sAnta haiN| isa dRSTi se prAyogika bandha do prakAra kA hai-ajIva vipayaka (lAkha Adi kA) aura jIvAjIva viSayaka (karma aura.jIva kaa)| yaha do prakAra kA haikarmabandha, nokarmabandha (audArikAdi zarIraviSayaka bndh)| vaisrasika bandhaanAdi hai yathA-AkAza, dharma aura adharma dravya kA bandha / isa prakAra bandha sAMsarika jIvoM ke lie kathaJcit upakArI bhI hai aura anupakArI bhii| (3) saumya-sUkSmatA yA choTApana hai / yaha do prakAra kA hai-antya aura ApekSika / paramANu kI sUkSmatA antya hai aura A~valA, bera Adi kI sUkSmatA ApekSika hai| (4) sthaulya-sthUlatA-moTApana / yaha bhI sUkSmatA kI taraha do prakAra kA hai| lokavyApI acitta mahAskandha kA sthaulya antya hai / tathA "bera A~vale Adi kA sthaulya ApekSika hai| ye donoM pudgala-pariNAma bhI ' jIva ke lie upakArI hai| (5) saMsthAna-AkRti / isake do bheda haiM-itthaMbhUta (vyavasthita) AkRti, aura anitthaMbhUta (avyavasthita) AkRti / itthaMbhUta ke 5 prakAra haiM
Page #561
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ astikAyadharmasvarUpa | 235 parimaNDala (valayAkAra), vRtta ( thAlI kI taraha gola), tryaMtra (trikoNa), caturasra ( caukora ) aura Ayata (dIrgha) / (6) bheda - vibhAjana kI kriyA / isake 5 prakAra haiM (1) autkArika - cIrane - phAr3ane se hone vAlA lakar3I Adi kA bhedana, (2) cauNika - kaNa-kaNa ke rUpa meM cUrNa ho jAnA / yathA - gehU~ Adi kA ATA / ( 3 ) khaNDa- - Tukar3e-Tukar3e honA / yathA - patthara ke Tukar3e / (4) pratara - parata nikAlanA / jaise - abhraka kI paratoM kA alaga-alaga honA / (5) anuvara - chAla utaranA / jaise - bAMsa yA Ikha kI chAla nikAlanA | (7) tama - andhakAra | pudgala kA eka prakAra kA pariNAma, jo vastu ko dekhane meM bAdhaka hotA hai, andhakAra kahalAtA hai / naiyAyika Adi dArzanika tamako abhAvAtmaka hI mAnate haiM, parantu jainadarzana ise prakAza kI taraha svataMtra bhAvAtmaka pudgala mAnatA hai / prakAza kI bhAMti andhakAra meM bhI rUpa hai / (ca) chAyA-prakAza para AvaraNa Ate hI chAyA dRSTigocara hotI hai / sthUla pudgala meM se pratisamaya chAyA nikalatI hai / chAyA do prakAra kI hotI hai - tadvarNAdivikAra aura pratibimba / pudgala hone se hI chAyA kaimare kI philma para aMkita ho jAtI hai / (6) Atapa - -sUrya kA uSNa prakAza - dhUpa / (10) udyota - candramA, candramaNi, juganU Adi kA zItala prakAza yA cA~danI udyota hai / isa prakAra pudgala aura saMsArI jIva kA sambandha avicchedya hai / pudgala ke binA vaha raha nahIM sakatA / pudgala ke pariNAmoM kA yaha digdarzana mAtra hai / isa prakAra pudgala asaMkhya rUpoM meM saMsArI jIva kA upakAraka hotA hai / (6) jIvadravya kA upakAra - pArasparika upakAra karanA jIvoM kA kArya hai / ' jaise - eka jIva hitAhita ke upadeza dvArA dUsare jIva kA upakAra karatA hai, mAlika vetana dekara sevaka kA upakAra karatA hai / sevaka mAlika kI sevA karake upakAra karatA hai, guru ziSya ko sadupadezAnusAra anuSThAna karA kara ziSya para upakAra karatA hai aura ziSya anukula pravRtti dvArA guru kA upakAra karatA hai / 1 parasparopagraho jIvAnAm --tsvaarth05|21
Page #562
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 236 | jaina tattvakalikA : saptama kalikA yaha hai-chaha dravyoM ke paraspara upakAra athavA paraspara sahayoga nimitta kAraNoM kI saMkSipta jhaaNkii| chaha dravyoM kA guNa-paryAyanirNaya jainadarzana ne dravya kA lakSaNa kiyA hai-dravya vahI hai, jisameM guNa aura paryAya hoN|' paryAya ke binA dravya nahIM hotA aura dravya ke binA paryAya nahIM hotaa| . dravya kI yaha paribhASA svarUpAtmaka hai| isakA phalitArtha yaha hai ki jo guNoM kA Azraya ho, arthAt-jisameM guNa avazya rahate hoM, use dravya kahate haiN| guNa ve kahalAte haiM, jo dravya meM sadA rahate haiM, aura svayaM niguNa hoN| arthAt eka guNa ke Azrita dUsarA guNa na ho, jaise-jIva ke pradezatva guNa ke Azrita usakA jJAna guNa nahIM hai| paryAya bhI dravya ke Azrita aura niguNa haiM, phira bhI ve utpAda-vinAzazIla hone se dravya meM sadA nahIM rhtiiN| parantu guNa nitya hone se ve sadaiva dravyAzrita rahate haiN| guNa aura paryAya meM yahI antara hai| __ kucha AcAryoM ne guNa ke do bheda kiye haiM sahabhAvI guNa aura kramabhAvI guNa / jo dravya ke sAtha sadaiva samAnarUpa se vidyamAna rahate haiM, ve sahabhAvI guNa kahalAte haiM, tathA jinakA rUpa badalatA rahatA hai, ve kramabhAvI guNa haiM / unakA dUsarA nAma paryAya bhI hai / paryAya dravya aura guNa donoM ke sAtha rahatI haiN| isakA phalitArtha huA-dravya meM sadA vartamAna zaktiyA~ hI guNa haiM, jo paryAya kI janaka haiN| dravya meM pariNAma-jananazakti hI usakA guNa hai aura guNajanya pariNAma paryAya hai / guNa kAraNa hai, paryAya kArya hai / ekadravya meM zaktirUpa ananta guNa hote haiM, jo AzrayabhUta dravya se yA paraspara avibhAjya haiN| pratyeka gaNazakti ke bhinna-bhinna samayoM meM hone vAle tra kAlika paryAya ananta haiN| dravya aura usakI aMzabhUta zaktiyA~ utpanna-vinaSTa na hone se nitya arthAt - anAdi-ananta haiM, kintu sabhI paryAya pratikSaNa utpanna evaM naSTa hote rahane se vyaktizaH anitya arthAt-sAdi-sAnta haiM aura pravAha kI apekSA se anAdiananta hai| 1 guNaparyAyavadravyam 2 (ka) 'guNANamAsao davvaM / ' (kha) 'dravyAzrayA nirguNA guNAH / ' 3 'guNaH sahabhAvI dharmaH, paryAyastu kramabhAvI' -tattvArtha0 5 / 37 - uttarA0 286 -tattvArtha0 5 / 40 -pramANanayatattvAlokA 0 5 / 7-8
Page #563
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ astikAyadharma - svarUpa | 237 sahabhAvI guNa do prakAra ke haiM - sAmAnya aura vizeSa / chahoM dravyoM meM jo samAnarUpa se rahate haiM, ve sAmAnya guNa kahalAte haiM aura jo amuka-amuka dravyoM meM hI vizeSarUpa se rahate haiM, ve vizeSa guNa kahalAte haiM / dravyoM ke sAmAnya sahabhAvI guNa 6 mAne gaye haiM- (1) astitva, (2) vastutva, (3) dravyatva, (4) prameyatva, (5) pradezavatva aura ( 6 ) agurulaghutva / inakA svarUpa isa prakAra hai (1) astitva - jisake kAraNa dravya meM utpAda - vyaya - dhrauvya - ye tInoM kriyAe~ hotI rahatI haiM, use astitva guNa kahate haiM / (2) vastutva - jisake kAraNa dravya koI na koI arthakriyA avazya karatA rahe, vaha vastutva guNa hai / jaise-ghar3A jala dhAraNa kI kriyA karatA hai; isI prakAra chahI dravya koI na koI arthakriyA avazya karate haiM / (3) dravyatva - jisake kAraNa dravya eka jaisA na rahakara naI-naI ava - sthAoM ko dhAraNa karatA rahe, use dravyatva guNa kahate haiN| isI guNa ke prabhAva se jIvadravya nAraka, tiryaJca, manuSya aura deva banatA hai| pudgaladravya skandha, deza, pradeza aura paramANu kA rUpa dhAraNa karatA hai / kAla dravya samaya, AvalikA, ghar3I, pahara, dina-rAta Adi nAmoM se pukArA jAtA hai / AkAza dravya ghaTAkAza, maThAkAza, lokAkAza, alokAkAza Adi rUpoM meM kalpita hotA hai / (4) prameyatva - jisake kAraNa dravya jJAna dvArA jAnA jA sake, vaha prameyatvaguNa hai / dharmAdi dravyoM kA jJAna isI guNa ke sahAre meM kiyA jAtA hai / (5) pradezavatva - jisake kAraNa dravyoM ke pradezoM kA mApa kiyA jA sake, vaha pradezavatva guNa hai / dharma, adharma aura jIva ke asaMkhya pradeza, AkAza ke ananta pradeza aura pudgala ke saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta aura ananta pradeza isI guNa se mApe gaye haiM / (6) agurulaghutva - jo dravya kA koI na koI AkAra banAe rakhe tathA usake guNoM ko bikhara kara alaga na hone de use agurulaghuguNa kahate haiM / isI guNa ke kAraNa dravya kisI na kisI AkAra meM rahatA hai aura guNoM ko dravya ke andara saMgaThita rUpa se rakhatA hai / sahabhAvI vizeSa guNa - solaha prakAra ke haiM - ( 1 ) gatisahAyakatva, (2) sthitisahAyakatva, (3) avagAhana sahAyakatva, (4) varttanA, (dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAladravya ke vizeSa guNa) (5 se 6) varNa, gandha, rasa, sparza, mUrtitva (pudgaladravya ke vizeSa guNa) evaM ( 10 se 14) jJAna, darzana vIrya, sukha aura
Page #564
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 238 | jaina tattvakalikA : saptama kalikA cetanatva (jIvadravya ke vizeSa gaNa) tathA (15) amUrtitva-yaha vizeSa guNa dharma, adharma, AkAza, kAla aura jIva ina pAMcoM dravyoM kA hai| (16) acetanatva-acetanatA-jaDatA / yaha dharma, adharma, AkAza, kAla aura pudgala, ina dravyoM kA vizeSa guNa hai| chaha dravyoM ke guNoM meM sAdharmya-vaidharmya chaha dravyoM ke guNoM meM sAdharmya-vaidharmya jAnane ke lie 12 vikalpa haiM(1) pariNAma, (2) jIva, (3) mUta (rUpI) (4) sapradeza, (5) eka, (6) kSetra, (7) kriyA, (8) nitya, (6) kAraNa, (10) kartA, (11) sarvavyApI, (12) ekatva-pathaktva-apraveza / ' chaha dravyoM para ye guNa isa prakAra ghaTita hote haiM (1) nizcayanaya se sarvadravya pariNAmI haiM, kintu vyavahAranaya se jIva aura pudgala donoM dravya pariNAmI haiM, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla, ye cAroM dravya apariNAmI haiN| (2) chaha dravyoM meM eka dravya jIva hai, zeSa pAMcoM dravya ajIva hai| (3) chaha dravyoM meM eka pudgala dravya rUpI (mUrtika) hai, zeSa pAMcoM dravya 'arUpI (amUrtika) haiN| (4) chaha dravyoM meM eka kAla dravya apradezI hai, zeSa pAMcoM dravya sapradezI haiN| (5) chaha dravyoM meM se dharma, adharma aura AkAza eka-eka dravya haiM, zeSa jIva, pudgala aura kAla, ye tInoM aneka (ananta) haiN| (6) chaha dravyoM meM se eka AkAza dravya kSetrI hai, zeSa pAMcoM dravya akSetrI haiN| (7) nizcayanaya se chahoM dravya sakriya (arthakriyAkArI) haiM, kintu vyavahAranaya se jIva aura pudgala, ye donoM dravya sakriya haiM, zeSa cAroM dravya akriya haiN| (8) nizcayanaya se chahoM dravya nitya bhI hai, anitya bhI; kintu vyavahAra naya se jIva aura pudgala kI apekSA se ye donoM dravya anitya haiM, zeSa cAra dravya nitya haiN| (9) chaha dravyoM meM, eka jIva dravya kAraNa hai, zeSa pAMcoM dravya akAraNa / 1 pariNAma 1, jIva 2, muttA 3, sapaeso 4, ega 5, khitta 6, kiriyAe 7 / niccaM 8, kAraNa 6, kattA 10, savvaMgada 11, iyara, apavesA 12 //
Page #565
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ astikAyadharma-svarUpa | 236 (10) nizcayanaya se chahoM dravya apane-apane svabhAva ke kartA haiM, vyava hAranaya se kevala eka jIva dravya kartA hai, zeSa pAMcoM dravya akartA haiM / (11) chaha dravyoM meM se kevala AkAzadravya sarvavyApI hai, zeSa pAMcoMdravya kevala lokavyApI haiM / sabake (12) chahoM dravya eka kSetra ekatva hokara pRthaka pRthaka haiM / arthAt - guNoM kA paraspara dravyoM kA cAra guNoM kI dRSTi se vicAra Thahare hue haiM; kintu guNa saMkramaNa nahIM ho sakatA / (1) nityAnitya -- (1)dharmAstikAya ke cAra guNa nitya haiM, paryAya meM dharmAstikAya skandha nitya hai, usake deza, pradeza aura agurulaghu guNa anitya haiM / (2) adharmAstikAya ke cAra guNa tathA paryAya meM adharmAstikAya skandha lokapramANa nitya hai, usake deza, pradeza aura agurulaghu paryAya anitya haiM / (3) AkAzAstikAya ke cAra guNa skandha lokAloka pramANa nitya haiM, deza, pradeza aura agarulaghu paryAya anitya haiM / (4) kAla dravya ke cAra guNa nitya aura cAra paryAya anitya haiM / (5) pudgala dravya ke cAra guNa nitya aura cAra paryAya anitya haiM / (6) jIva dravya ke cAra guNa aura paryAya nitya haiM, kintu agaru - laghu anitya hai / (2) eka-aneka - dharma-adhama dravya kA skandha loka pramANa eka hai, kintu guNa, paryAya aura pradeza aneka (guNa aura paryAya ananta haiM, kintu pradeza asaMkhyAta) haiN| AkAza dravya kA skandha lokAlokapramANa eka hai, kintu guNa, paryAya aura pradeza aneka haiM (guNa aura paryAya ananta haiM, tathA AkAza ke lokAlokavyApI hone se pradeza bhI ananta haiM / ) kAladravya kA vattanArUpa guNa to eka hai, kintu guNa, paryAya aura samaya aneka (tInoM ananta ) haiM / yathA - bhUtakAla ke ananta samaya vyatIta ho cuke haiM, bhaviSyakAla ke ananta samaya vyatIta hoMge, kintu vartamAna samaya eka hai paramANu haiM / phira eka-eka paramANu meM ananta ananta prakAra jIva dravya ananta hai, parantu eka-eka jIva ke jIvadravya anantaguNa- paryAya - yukta hai, kintu ananta jIva jIvatva eka (samAna) haiM / arthAt - sarva jIvoM kA sattArUpa guNa eka hI hai / / pudgala dravya ke ananta guNa- paryAya haiM / isI asaMkhyAta pradeza haiM / hone para bhI saba meM (3) sat-asat - samasta dravya svadravya, svakSetra, svakAla aura sva-bhAva kI apekSA se - apane guNa se satrUpa haiM, kintu paradravya, parakSetra, parakAla aura parabhAva ko apekSA se asat rUpa haiM / svavya-kSetra kAla-bhAva-svadravya kahate haiM-- dravya ke apane-apane mUla guNa ko / jaise- dharmAstikAya kA svadravya
Page #566
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 240 | jaina tattvakalikA : saptama kalikA gatisahAyaka gaNa hai, adharmAstikAya kA svadravya sthitisahAyaka gaNa hai, AkAzAstikAya kA svadravya avagAhanaguNa hai, kAladravya kA svadravya vartanAlakSaNa hai, pudgalAstikAya kA svadravya milanA-bichar3anA svabhAva hai aura jIvAstikAya kA svadravya jJAnAdi cetanA lakSaNa hai| svakSetra-svakSetra kA artha hai-dravya ke apane-apane prdesh| dharma aura adharmadravya kA svakSetra asaMkhyAtapradeza parimANa hai / AkAza dravya kA svakSetra anantapradeza hai| kAla dravya kA svakSetra samaya hai| pudgala dravya kA svakSetra eka paramANa se lekara ananta paramANuparyanta hai / jIva dravya kA svakSetra ananta jIva tathA pratyeka jIva ke asaMkhyAta pradeza haiN| svakAla-agurulaghuparyAya--sabhI dravyoM meM haiM, kintu svabhAvaguNaparyAya-sabhI dravyoM meM sva-svabhAva-guNa paryAya sadaiva vidyamAna rahatA hai| isa prakAra paDdravya svaguNa kI apekSA se satrUpa pratipAdita kiye gaye haiN| (4) vaktavya-avaktavya-chaha dravyoM meM anantaguNa-paryAya vaktavya (vacana se kathanIya-abhilApya) haiM, aura anantagaNa-paryAya hI avaktavyarUpa (vacana dvArA akathya) haiM / yadyapi kevalajJAnI bhagavAn ke sarvabhAva dekhe hue haiM, parantu ve draSTa bhAvoM kA sirpha anantavA~ bhAga hI kaha sakate haiN| isIlie SaDdravyoM meM vaktavya-avaktavya donoM bhAva sambhava haiN| SaDbravyoM ke nityAnityaguNa kI caturbhagI nityAnitya kI catubhaMgI isa prakAra banatI hai--(1) anAdi-ananta, (2) anAdi-sAnta, (3) sAdi-ananta aura (4) sAdi-sAnta / aba ina cAroM bhaMgoM para SaDdravya kA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai (1) jIva meM jJAnAdi gaNa anAdi-ananta haiM, bhavya AtmAoM ke sAtha karmoM kA sambandha anAdi-sAnta hai, kintu jaba bhavya jIva sampUrNa karmakSaya karake mokSapada prApta karate haiM, taba unameM sAdi-ananta bhaMga mAnA jAtA hai| caturgatika-janmamaraNazIla saMsArI jIvoM meM sAdi-sAnta bhaMga ho jAtA hai| jaisemanuSya marakara devayoni meM calA gayA, taba devayoni kI apekSA manuSyabhava sAdisAnta vAlA ho gyaa|(2-3) dharmAstikAya aura adharmAstikAya meMcAroM guNa anAdi ananta haiM, kintu ina donoM meM anAdi-sAnta bhaMga nahIM hotA; skandha deza, pradeza aura agurulaghu, inameM sAdi-sAnta bhaMga banatA hai / jIva meM dharmAstikAya adharmAstikAya ke ve hI pradeza sAdi-ananta samajhane caahie| (4) AkAzAstikAya meM svagaNa anAdi-ananta haiM, kintu anAdi-sAnta bhaMga isameM nahIM bana sktaa| isameM deza, pradeza, agarulaghubhAva sAdi-sAnta haiN| siddhapada prApta karane vAlA jIva
Page #567
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ ___astikAyadharma-svarUpa | 241 sAdi-ananta pada vAlA ho jAtA hai / ataeva jina AkAza pradezoM para jIva avagAhita huA hai, ve pradeza bhI sAdi-ananta ho jAte haiM / (5) bhavyajIva aura pudgaloM kA sambandha anAdi-sAnta hai, parantu pudgala dravya ke skandha sAdisAnta pada vAle hote haiM, pudgala dravya meM sAdi-ananta bhaMga nahIM banatA / (6) kAla dravya meM cAroM guNa anAdi-ananta haiN| paryAya kI apekSA atItakAla anAdi-sAnta hai, kintu vartamAnakAla sAdi-sAnta hai tathA anAgatakAla sAdiananta hai| SadravyoM para svadravyAdi cAroM sambandhI nityAnitya catubhaMgI (1) jIvadravya meM svadravyApekSayA jJAnAdi guNa anAdi-ananta haiM, svakSetrApekSayA jIva ke asaMkhyAtapradeza sAdi-sAnta haiM, svakAlApekSayA agurulaghuguNa anAdi-sAnta hai, phira agurulaghuguNa kA utpanna honA sAdi sAnta hai| svabhAvApekSayA guNa-paryAya anAdi ananta haiM / agurulaghu sAdi sAnta hai / (2) dharmAstikAya meM gatisahAyaka-lakSaNa (svadravya) anAdi-ananta hai / svakSetrApekSayAasaMkhyAta pradeza lokapramANa sAdi sAnta haiN| svakAlApekSayA agurulaghu anAdi ananta haiM, kintu utpAda-vyaya sAdi-sAnta haiN| svabhAvApekSayA agurulaghu anAdi-ananta hai| skandha, deza, pradeza, avagAhanabhAva sAdi-sAnta hai| (3) isI prakAra adharmAstikAya ke viSaya meM samajhanA caahie| (4) AkAzAstikAya meM svadravya-avagAhanaguNa anAdi-ananta hai, svakSetra se lokAlokapramANa anantapradeza anAdi-ananta hai, svakAla se-agurulaghuguNa sarvathA anAdi-ananta hai| parantu padArthoM kI apekSA utpAda-vyaya bhAva sAdi-sAnta hai| svabhAvapekSayA cAra guNa, skandha, agurulaghu anAdi-ananta haiN| deza-pradeza sAdisAnta hai| lokAkAza kA skandha sAdi-sAnta hai, jabaki alokAkAza kA skandha sAdiananta hai| (5) kAladravya meM svadravya navya-prAcInAdi vatta nAgaNa anAdiananta hai, svakSetra-samaya sAdi-sAnta hai, svakAla anAdi-ananta hai aura svabhAva se cAra guNa, agarulaghu anAdi-ananta hai| atItakAla anAdi-sAnta, vartamAna kAla sAdi-sAnta, aura anAgatakAla sAdi-ananta hai| (6) pudgala dravya meM svadravya se galana-milana dharma anAdi-ananta hai, svakSetra se paramANu pudgala sAdi-sAnta hai, svakAla se agurulaghuguNa anAdi-ananta hai, svabhAva se-cAra guNa anAdi-ananta haiN| skandha, deza, pradeza, avagAhanA bhAva sAdi-sAnta hai; aura varNAdi paryAya cAra sAdi-sAnta hai / SadravyoM kA paraspara sambandha (1) alokAkAza meM AkAza ke sivAya aura koI dravya nahIM hai,
Page #568
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 242 | jaina tattvakalikA : saptama kalikA lokAkAza meM SaTadravya sadava hI rahate haiN| ve kadApi AkAza dravya se pathaka nahIM hote| ataH ve anAdi-ananta haiN| AkAzakSetra meM jIvadravya anAdiananta hai, kintu karmabaddha saMsArI jIvoM kA lokAkAza pradezoM ke sAtha sAdisAnta sambandha hai| siddha AtmAoM ke sAtha AkAza pradezoM kA sambandha sAdiananta hai| pudgaladravya kA lokAkAza ke sAtha sambandha anAdi-ananta hai, kintu AkAzapradeza ke sAtha paramANupudgala kA sambandha sAdi-sAtta hai| (2) isI prakAra dharmAstikAya kA sambandha sarvajIvoM ke sAtha jAnanA caahie| (3) abhavyajIvoM ke sAtha pudgaladravya kA sambandha anAdi-ananta hai, kyoMki abhavyAtmA kadApi sarvathA karmakSaya nahIM kara sakatA, bhavyAtmA karmakSaya karake mokSa prApta karegA, taba usake sAtha kamapudgaloM kA sambandha anAdi-sAnta hotA hai| nizcayanayAnusAra Sadravya svabhAva-pariNAma se pariNata haiN| isa kAraNa ye pariNAmI haiM, aura pariNAma sadA nitya hotA hai, isalie chahoM dravya svabhAva se, anAdi-ananta haiM / (4) jIva aura pudgala dravya kA milane kA paraspara sambandha pariNAmI hai| abhavya jIva kA pAriNAmika bhAva anAdiananta hai; jabaki bhavyajIva kA anAdi-sAnta hai / pudgala dravya kI pAriNAmika sattA anAdi-ananta hai, kintu paraspara milanA-bichur3anA sAdi-sAnta hai| ataH jIva aura pudgala ke paraspara sambandha hai, taba taka jIva sakriya hai, kintu jaba karmoM se vaha sarvathA rahita ho jAtA hai, taba vaha akriya bana jAtA hai| pudgaladravya sadeva sakriya rahatA hai| SadravyoM ke guNa-paryAyoM kA sAdharmya-vaidharmya sabhI dravyoM meM agarulaghu paryAya samAna hai, arUpIgaNa pudgaladravya ke sivAya zeSa pAMcoM dravyoM meM rahatA hai / isI prakAra jIvadravya ke sivAya, zeSa pAMcoM dravyoM meM acetanabhAva rahatA hai| gatisahAyaka guNa, sthitisahAyaka guNa avagAhanaguNa, milane-bichur3ane kA guNa tathA jJAnacetanA guNa kramazaH dharma, adharma AkAza, kAla, pudgala aura jIvadravya ke sivAya anya dravyoM meM nahIM hai| kintu dharma, adharma aura AkAza ina tInoM dravyoM ke 3-3 guNa aura 4-4 paryAya samAna hai, kAla dravya bhI tIna guNoM meM samAna hai| SadravyoM ke kramabhAvI guNa-paryAya ____ kramabhAvI guNa ko paryAya kahate haiN| paryAya kA arthahai-dravya aura gRNa kI badalane vAlI avsthaa| paryAya kA lakSaNa uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM yoM kiyA gayA hai yadyapi ghaTa bhinna-bhinna ananta paramANuoM kA samUha rUpa hai, tathApi jaba ananta paramANu samha ghaTa ke rUpa meM AjAtA hai, taba vyavahAra
Page #569
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ . astikAyadharma-svarUpa | 243 buddhi se ghaTa eka padArtha mAnA jAtA hai / ghaTa aura paTa kA pudgaladravya eka hone para ghaTa se paTa pRthak hai, aisI pratIti paryAya kA lakSaNa hai, phira jo padArtha saMkhyAbaddha hoM, tathA vibhinna saMsthAna vAle hoM, ve saba paryAya ke kAraNa haiM / ataH jitane bhI saMsthAna haiM, ve saba pudgaladravya kI paryAya ke kAraNa utpanna haiN| isI prakAra saMyoga aura vibhAga, ye buddhikRta bheda pudgaladravya ke paryAya haiN| SadravyoM ke paryAya isa prakAra haiM dharmAstikAya ke cAra paryAyaskandha, deza, pradeza aura agurulaghu; adharmAstikAya ke bhI ukta cAroM paryAya haiM, AkAzAstikAya ke bhI haiM / kAladravya ke cAra paryAya haiM--atIta, anAgata, vartamAna aura agurulaghu / pudgaladravya ke cAra paryAya - varNa, gandha, rasa aura sparzasahita agurulaghuparyAya / jIvadravya ke paryAya avyAbAdha, agurulaghu, amUrtika, anvgaah| dUsarI taraha se vicAra kareM to bhI jIva dravya hai, usakI nAraka, tiryaJca, manuSya, deva ye paryAya haiM / . isa prakAra chahI dravyoM kA vibhinna pahaluoM se guNa-paryAya-nirNaya kiyA gayA hai| pariNAmavAda : dravyalakSaNa ke sandarbha meM - dravya kA vyutpattilabhya artha hai-jo padArtha apane vividha paryAyoMavasthAoM aura pariNAmoM ke rUpa meM dravIbhUta ho, arthAta una-una pariNAmoM ko prApta kiyA hai, karatA hai, karegA / dravya kI yaha paribhASA, avasthAtmaka hai|' isakA phalitArtha yaha huA ki vibhinna avasthAoM kA utpAda aura vinAza hote rahane para bhI jo dhra va rahatA hai, vahI dravya hai| isIlie dravya kA phalitArtha jainAcAryoM ne kiyA hai--'utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvyayuktaM sat / sat dravya lakSaNam / arthAt-utpatti aura vinAza ke sAtha hI jo dhruva rahatA hai, vaha sat hai| sat hI dravya kA lakSaNa hai| sarala zabdoM meM yoM kahA jA sakatA hai koI bhI vastu eka hI avasthA meM nahIM rahatI, na rahegI, vaha bhinna-bhinna avasthAoM (paryAyoM) meM parivartita hotI hai, kintu usa vastu kA astitva kabhI naSTa nahIM hotAusake maulika rUpa aura zakti (guNa) kA kabhI nAza nahIM hotaa| 1 adravat dravati droSyati tAMstAn paryAyAn itidravyam / 2 (ka) utpAda, vyayaM, dhrauvya, isa trayAtmaka sthiti kA nAma sat hai / (kha) tattvArthasUtra 5 / 26
Page #570
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 244 | jaina tattvakalikA : saptama kalikA yaha to anubhavasiddha hai ki hama jisa vastu ko eka bAra dekhate haiM, vaha vastu usase pahale bhI thI aura bAda meM bhI rahegI, kintu usakI avasthAoM meM parivartana hotA hai| jaina dArzanikoM kA mAnanA hai ki dravya meM utpAda aura vyaya hotA hai, phira bhI usakI svarUpahAni nahIM hotii| dravya ke pratyeka aMza meM pratisamaya jo parivartana hotA hai, vaha sarvathA vilakSaNa nahIM hotaa| parivartana meM kucha sadRzatA milatI hai, kucha asadRzatA / pUrvavartI pariNAma aura uttaravartI pariNAma meM sAdRzya rahatA hai, vahI dravya hai, tathA ina donoM pariNamanoM meM jahA~ asAdRzya rahatA hai, vahI paryAya hai| paryAyarUpa meM dravya utpanna hotA hai aura naSTa hotA hai| ataH dravyarUpa se vastu sthira rahatI hai aura paryAyarUpa se utpanna-vinaSTa hotI hai| isase phalita yaha huA ki vastu na sarvathA nitya hai aura na sarvathA anitya, kintu pariNAmInitya hai / pariNAma kI vyAkhyA pUrvAcAryoM ne isa prakAra kI hai- / pariNAmo hyantiragamanaM, na ca sarvathA vyavasthAnam / na ca sarvathA vinAzaH, pariNAmastAdvidAmiSTaH / / satparyAyeNa vinAzaH prAdurbhAvo'satA ca paryayataH / dravyANAM pariNAmaH proktaH khalu paryavanayasya // jo eka artha se dUsare artha meM calA jAtA hai-eka vastu ke dUsarI vastu ke rUpa meM parivartita ho jAtA hai, usakA nAma pariNAma hai| yaha pariNAma dravyArthikanaya kI apekSA se hotA hai| sarvathA avasthita rahanA, yA sarvathA vinaSTa ho jAnA pariNAma kA svarUpa nahIM hai / vartamAna paryAya kA nAza aura avidyamAna paryAya kA utpAda hotA hai, vaha paryAyAthikanaya kI apekSA se hone vAlA pariNAma hai| dravyAthikanaya kA viSaya dravya hai| isalie usakI dRSTi se sat paryAya kI apekSA jisakA kathaJcit rUpAntara hotA hai, kintu jo sarvathA naSTa nahIM hotA, vaha pariNAma hai| paryAyArthikanaya kA viSaya paryAya hai| isalie usakI dRSTi se jo satparyAya se naSTa aura asatparyAya se utpanna hotA hai, vahI pariNAma hai / donoM nayoM kA samanvaya karane se dravya utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvyAtmaka bana jAtA hai| ise hI jainadarzana pariNAmI-nitya yA kathaMcit nitya kahate haiN| __ prajJApanAsUtra meM 13veM pariNAmapada meM pariNAmoM kA vistRta varNana hai| pariNAma jIva aura ajIva donoM meM haiM, inheM hI jIvapariNAma aura ajIvapariNAma kahate haiN| jIvapariNAma dasa prakAra kA hai-(1) gatipariNAma, (2) indriya
Page #571
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ astikAyadharma-svarUpa | 245 pariNAma, (3) kaSAyapariNAma, (4) lezyApariNAma, (5) yogapariNAma, (6) upayogapariNAma, (7) jJAnapariNAma, (8) darzanapariNAma, (6) cAritrapariNAma, aura (10) vedprinnaam| isake pazcAt gati Adi jisa-jisa ke jitanejitane bheda hote haiM, utane-utane pariNAma hote haiM, yaha batAyA hai| ajIvapariNAma bhI dasa prakAra kA hai--(1) bandhana pariNAma, (2) gatipariNAma, (2) saMsthAnapariNAma, (4) bhedapariNAma, (5) varNapariNAma, (6) gandhapariNAma, (7) rasa-pariNAma, (8) sparza-pariNAma, (8) agurulaghupariNAma aura (10) zabda prinnaam| ___ inakA viSaya spaSTa hai| tatpazcAt agurulaghu pariNAma ko chor3akara inake pratyeka ke bheda-prabhedoM kA varNana kiyA hai|' . pariNAmInityavAda ko samajhane ke lie eka udAharaNa le leM-svarNakuNDala kA jaba kaMgana banatA hai, taba kaMganarUpI pariNAma kA utpAdana hotA hai aura kuNDalarUpI pariNAma kA nAza hotA hai| parantu svarNa to vahI kA vahI rahatA hai| . pariNAmI-nityavAda ko samajha lene para saMsAra kI pratyeka vastu ke vastusvarUpa kA yathArtha darzana ho jAtA hai, yahI astikAya dharma kA svarUpa hai| prAyaH sabhI dArzanikoM ne pariNAmI-nityavAda ko satkAryavAda Adi ke rUpa meM mAnA hai| . isa samasta vivecana se spaSTa hai ki jainadharma astivAdI hai| vaha vastu kA mUlya-nirNaya karatA hai| kisI bhI dravya aura astikAya kA astitva sirpha isalie nahIM mAnatA ki unakA varNana kisI zAstra meM AyA hai, varan isa lie svIkAra karatA hai ki sarvajJa ne-arihaMta ne apane sarvabyApI jJAna se dekhA hai aura usakA sarvAMgINa nirUpaNa kiyA hai, vividha dRSTiyoM aura apekSAoM se unakA svarUpa samajhAyA hai / sAtha hI yaha bhI batAyA hai ki astikAya vAstavika hote hue prANImAtra ke lie aneka prakAra se upayogI haiN| yaha kahanA sarvathA ucita hogA ki astikAyoM ke abhAva meM prANImAtra kI na koI kriyA ho sakatIhai aura na koI pravRtti hI; yahA~ taka ki usakI gati, sthiti aura avasthiti bhI nahIM ho sktii| 1 pariNAmavAda kA vizeSa vivecana jAnane ke lie prajJApanAsUtra kA terahavAM pariNAmapada vRtti sahita dekhie /
Page #572
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 246 | jaina tattvakalikA : saptama kalikA inakI upayogitA aura vAstavikatA ke kAraNa inako bhalIbhA~ti hRdayaMgama karanA Avazyaka hai / inako samajhe binA jJAna kI zuddhi nahIM ho sakatI aura na hI usameM paripUrNatA A sakatI hai; dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM to vaha samyakjJAna nahIM bana sakatA / isalie astikAya dharma kI gaNanA samyakjJAna ke antargata kI gaI hai / kahA jA sakatA hai ki samyagdarzana hote hI mAnava kA jJAna bhI samyak ho jAtA hai, kintu usa jJAna meM dRr3hatA, vizadatA aura gahanatA astikAya dharma ko jAnane para hI AtI hai / aise vyakti kA jJAna sudRr3ha ho jAtA hai aura taba samyaktva ke sAtha usakA jJAna bhI acala ho jAtA hai, calAyamAna nahIM hotA / isa prakAra samyagdarzana ke sAtha samyagjJAna meM dRr3hatA AtI hai, kyoMki vastu kA yathArtha svarUpa sadaiva usake mana-mastiSka meM jamA rahatA hai / yahI astikAyadharma kI upayogitA hai /
Page #573
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ jaina tatva kalikA aSTama kalikA zrata dharma ke sandarbha meM :(AgAra cAritra dharma) cAritra dharma sAmAnya gRhastha dharma ke sUtra(paitIsa mArgAnusArI guNa) : pA~ca aNuvrata tona guNabrata cAra zikSA vrata tIna manoratha
Page #574
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Page #575
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ aSTama kaliko . cAritra dharma ke sandarbha meM gRhasthadharma-svarUpa zreyas kI sAdhanA hI dharma hai zreyas kI sAdhanA hI dharma hai| yahI sAdhanA parAkASThA taka pahu~ca kara siddhi bana jAtI hai| caitanya (AtmA) samasta upAdhiyoM, karmoM aura kaSAyAdi vikAroM se mukta hokara apane zuddha svarUpa meM pahu~ca jAe, zuddha caitanyasvarUpa ho jAe, AtmA kA pUrNa vikAsa ho, caitanya kA nirAbAdha prakAza ho, usakA nAma zreyasa hai| ataH zreyas kI sAdhanA ko hama AtmA kI ArAdhanA kaha sakate haiN| spaSTa zabdoM meM kaheM to AtmaramaNa hI dharma hai| jJAna aura cAritra ye AtmA ke dharma hai| inheM hI zAstrIya bhASA meM zrutadharma aura cAritradharma kahA gayA hai / jJAna ke do pahalU haiM-vastu kA yathArtha jJAna aura usakA zraddhAna (darzana) / isa dRSTi se dharma ke tIna rUpa bana jAte haiM--(1) samyagdarzana, (2) samyagjJAna aura (3) samyakcAritra / sAdhanA kI dRSTi se samyagdarzana kA sthAna prathama hai| samyagjJAna kA dUsarA aura samyakcAritra kA tiisraa| darzana ke binA jJAna aura jJAna ke binA cAritra aura cAritra ke binA karmamokSa aura karmamokSa ke binA nirvANa nahIM hotA / ataH jaba ye tInoM pUrNa hote haiM, tabhI sAdhya sAdhatA hai, AtmA karmamukta hokara paramAtmA bana jAtA hai|' zreyas kI sAdhanA samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra se hotI hai / zrutadharma kI apekSA cAritrardharma kA mahatva jainadRSTi se rAga aura dvaSa hI saMsAra hai, ye donoM karmabIja haiM / ye 1 nAdaMsaNissa nANaM, nANeNa viNA na huMti caraNaguNA / aguNissa natthi mokkho, natthi amokhassa nivvANaM / /
Page #576
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 248 | jaina tattvakalikA : aSTama kalikA donoM moha se paidA hote haiM / ' moha ke do bheda haiM-darzanamoha aura cAritramoha / darzanamoha tAttvika dRSTi kA viparyAsa hai| samyagdarzana jaba ho jAtA hai, to saMsArabhramaNa ko jar3a hila jAtI hai| jJAna (zratajJAna) bhI samyaka ho jAtA hai| yadyapi samyagdarzana (samyagjJAnasahita) bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa hai, AdhyAtmika utkrAnti kA dvAra hai| kintu AcAra kI dRSTi se isakA utanA mahattva nahIM hai, kyoMki darzanamoha kA kSayopazama hone para bhI cAritramoha kA kSayopazama na hone se AcaraNa kI zuddhi nahIM ho pAtI / phalataH rAga-dveSa tIvra banate haiN| rAgadvaSa se karma aura karma se saMsAra-isa prakAra yaha cakra satata ghUmatA rahatA hai| samyagdRSTi ke kevala nirjarA hotI hai, saMvara nahIM hotA / isa nirjarA . ko hastisnAna ke samAna batAyA gayA hai| hAthI nahAtA hai, aura tAlAba se bAhara Akara dhUla yA miTTI uchAlakara phira apane zarIra ko gandA banA letA hai| usI prakAra aviratasamyagdRSTi idhara tapasyA yA samyakzruta ke abhyAsa dvArA prApta samyagjJAna se kamanirjarA karake AtmA kI zuddhi karatA hai. udhara avirati tathA sAvadha AcaraNa se phira rAgadvaSavaza karmoM kA upacaya karake AtmA ko azuddha banA letA hai / ataH yaha dharmasAdhanA kI samagra bhUmikA nahIM hai| dharmasAdhanA kI samagratA ratha ke do cakra ke aura aMdha-paMgU ke dRSTAnta dvArA samajhAI gaI hai| jaise-eka pahie se ratha nahIM calatA, vaise hI kevala vidyA (zruta yA samyagdarzana) se sAdhya prApta nahIM ho sktaa| vidyA akelI paMgu hai, kriyA akelI andhI hai| sAdhya taka pahu~cane ke lie paira aura A~kha donoM caahie| isIlie kahA hai-jJAna-zyiAbhyAM mokSaH / niSkarSa yaha hai ki kevala zrutadharma (samyagjJAna aura samyagdarzana) se hI dharmasAdhanA paripUrNa nahIM hotI, naye Ate hue karmoM ko rokane (saMvara) ke lie i 1 kammaM ca mohappabhavaM vayaMti / -uttarAdhyayana 28 / 30, 3217 2 (ka) hastisnAnamiva kriyA / -hitopadeza (kha) jJAnaM bhAraH kriyAM vinA / -hitopadeza 3 (ka) saMjogasiddhii phalaM vayaMti, na hu egacakkeNa raha payAi / aMdho ya paMgu ya vaNe samiccA, te saMpauttA nagaraM paviTThA // (kha) hayaM nANaM kiyAhINaM, hayA annANao kiyaa| pAsaMto paMgulo daDDho dhAvamANo a aMdhao // 1156 // -vizeSA0 bhASyagata Avazyaka niyukti
Page #577
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ gRhasthadharma-svarUSa | 246 tathA samyaktaya, parISahajapa, tathA mahAvratAdi ke AcaraNa dvArA vizeSarUpa se nirjarA (karmamukti) ke lie tathA mokSarUpa sAdhya ko pAne ke lie samyakcAritra kI ArAdhanA - sAdhanA bhI anivArya hai / jo loga kore jJAna (tattvajJAna) se hI mokSa mAnate haiM, ve ekAnta akriyAvAdI banakara dharma kA AcaraNa nahIM karate, korA jJAna baghArate haiM, aise logoM ke lie bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA ki vANI kI zUravIratA se ve apane Apako AzvAsana dete haiM, parantu vAstava meM yaha vAcika AzvAsana - mAtra hai / ' jJAna, darzana aura cAritra meM ekarUpatA na hone kA samAdhAna kamavAda isa prakAra detA hai - jAnanA jJAna kA kArya hai / jJAna jJAnAvaraNa karma ke pudgaloM ke kSayopazama hone para prakAzita hotA hai / yathArtha vizvAsa honA zraddhA hai, jo darzanamoha ke pudgaloM ke alaga hone para prakaTa hotI hai, samyak AcaraNa karanA tabhI sambhava hai, jaba cAritramoha karma ke pudgala dUra hoM / isa dRSTi se jJAna AcchAdaka pudgaloM ke haTa jAne para bhI darzanamoha pudgala AtmA para chAe hoM to vastu kA yathArtha svarUpa jAne lene ke uparAnta bhI usa para vizvAsa nahIM jamatA / darzana ko mohane vAle pudgala bikhara jAe~, taba usa para zraddhA ho pAtI hai| magara cAritra ko mohane vAle pudgaloM ke rahate usakA svIkAra - AcaraNa nahIM ho pAtA / satya kI jAnakArI aura zraddhA ke uparAnta bhI kAmabhogoM kI mUrcchA chUTe binA satya kA AcaraNa nahIM hotA / isIlie satya kA AcaraNa zraddhA se bhI durlabha hai | tIvratama kaSAya ke vilaya se samyagdarzana kI yogyatA to A jAtI hai, kintu tIvratara kaSAya ke rahate hue cAritrika yogyatA nahIM A pAtI / dharma ke sAtha-sAtha cAritradharma kI sAdhanA AtmA ke paripUrNa vikAsa ke lie Avazyaka hai / cAritradharma kA svarUpa jisa dharma ke dvArA karmoM kA upacaya dUra ho jAe use cAritra dharma kahate haiM / vyavahAracAritra kA lakSaNa eka AcArya ne isa prakAra kiyA hai 1 ihamege u mannaMti apaccakkhAya pAvagaM / AyariyaM vidittANaM savvadukkhA vimuccae || bhatA akatA ya baMdha - mokkhapaiNNiNo / vAyAvIriyametteNa samAsAseMti appayaM // - uttarAdhyayana a0 6 gA0 8-6
Page #578
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 250 | jaina tattvakalikA : aSTama kalikA aAdI viNivitti suhe pavittiya jANa cAritaM arthAt - azubha se nivRtti aura zubha meM yA zuddha meM pravRtti karanA cAritra hai / cAritra ko Acarita karanA cAritradharma hai | cAritradharma kA spaSTa artha hai - AcAra dharma | cAritradharma ke do bheda zAstra meM cAritradharma ke do bheda batAe haiM - ( 1 ) AgAracAritradharma aura (2) anagAracAritradharma / ' anagAracAritradharma meM pAMca mahAvrata, pAMca samiti, tIna gupti, parISadjaya, tapasyA Adi Ate haiM, jinakA varNana hama sAdhu-svarUpa ke antargata kara cuke haiM / AgAra cAritra dharma gRhasthoM ke cAritra dharma ko AcAryoM ne do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai - (1) sAmAnya gRhasthadharma aura (2) vizeSa gRhasthadharma | zikSaNa kI taraha gRhastha dharmAcaraNa kI bhI ye do bhUmikAe~ haiM / prathama bhUmikA, jisameM ki sAmAnya gRhasthadharma kA pAlana kiyA jAtA hai| gRhastha vizeSa cAritradharma ke. pAlana kI taiyArI ke lie mArgAnusArI banatA hai| isameM gRhastha anyAya, anaitika AcaraNa aura aziSTa vyavahAra kA tyAga karake satpuruSoM dvArA pradazita mArga kA anusaraNa karatA hai / jo mArgAnusArI ke guNoM kI upekSA karatA hai, vaha zrAvaka (vizeSa) dharma kA adhikArI nahIM ho sakatA / sAmAnya gRhasthadharma ke sUtra sAmAnya gRhasthadharma use kahate haiM, ki kula paramparA se jo anindya evaM nyAyapUrvaka AcaraNa calA A jahA hai, tadanusAra pravRtti karanA / (1) nyAyayukta AcaraNa -- - sadgRhastha kA yaha sabase bar3A sAmAnya dharma hai ki nyAyasaMgata pravRtti kre| juA, corI, rizvatakhorI, madyamAMsa sevana, vezyAgamana, parastrIgamana, zikAra, ye saba anyAyayukta pravRttiyA~ haiM, ina duvyasanoM se dUsare prANiyoM para anyAya hotA hai, pariNAmasvarUpa vaha dharma, nIti, sadAcAra Adi se vimukha ho jAtA hai / 1 carittadhamme duvihe paNNatte, taM jahA - AgAracarita dhamme, aNagAracarita dhamme / - sthAnAMga, sthAna
Page #579
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ gRhasthadharma-svarUpa | 251 (2) nyAyopArjita dhana-gRhastha ko apane tathA apane parivAra ke bharaNa poSaNa ke lie dhana kI AvazyakatA hotI hai, para vaha dhana nyAyanItipUrvaka arjita honA caahie| vaha naukarI, vyavasAya Adi kucha bhI kare, parantu sabameM nyAyanIti ko na bhUle, anIti-anyAya ko na ghusane de| corI karake, rizvata lekara, chala prapaMca karake, dhokhA dekara yA svAmidroha, mitradroha Adi karake, vizvasta ko Thaga kara prApta kiyA huA dhana anyAyopArjita dhana hai, jise pAsa na phaTakane denA caahie| vyApAra meM taulanApa meM, mAla meM gar3abar3a karanA, dharohara har3apa jAnA, girahakaTI karanA tathA corI, DAkA, lUTamAra ye saba ghora anaitika kArya haiM, pApa haiM, inase gRhastha ko sarvathA dUra rahanA caahie|' yahI ubhayaloka hitAvaha hai| . (3) anyagotrIya samAnakula-zIla vAle ke sAtha vivAha sambandha-gRhasthAzrama kA pravezadvAra vivAha saMskAra hai / agara apanI saMtAna kA vivAha sambandha karanA ho to gRhastha ko cAra bAtoM kA khAsa dhyAna rakhanA cAhie-(1) kUla samAna ho, (2) zIlAcAra samAna ho, (3) bhinna gotra ho, tathA (4) deza evaM dharma kA virodha bhI na ho / jahA~ kUla samAna darje kA nahIM hotA, vahA~ prAyaH anamela vivAha hotA hai, jisase kanyA ko Age bahata yAtanAe~ dI jAtI haiN| zIla (AcAra-vicAra) sama nahIM hogA to bhI vivAha (dAmpatya jIvana) sukhaprada nahIM ho skegaa| pati vyabhicArI hogA, mAMsAhArI aura juArI hogA, zarAbI hogA vahA~ Ae dina dampati meM kalaha vaimanasya calatA rahegA / anya gotrIya ke sAtha vivAha sambandha ke pIche rahasya yahI hai ki rakta dUSita na ho| parantu vivAha sambandha karate samaya ukta kula meM rogagrastatA, kusaMskAra Adi praviSTa na hoM, yaha bhI dekhanA Avazyaka hai| sAtha hI yaha dekhanA bhI Avazyaka hai jisa vyakti ke sAtha vivAha sambandha sthApita kiyA jA rahA hai, vaha aise deza kA nivAsI to nahIM hai, jisa deza se apane deza ke maitrIpUrNa sambandha na hoM, tathA vaha virodhI dharma kA anuyAyI to nahIM hai / aise sambandha bar3e hI klezakArI hote haiN| (4) upadravayukta sthAna kA tyAga-jisa nagara yA gA~va meM ativRSTi, anAvRSTi, svacakra-paracakra kA AkramaNa, kalaha, tathA rAjyakopa, mahAmArI 1 tatra sAmAnyato gRhasthadharmaH kulakramAgatamatindyaM vibhavAdyapekSayA nyAyato'nuSThAnam / nyAyopAttaM hi vitamubhayalokAhitAya / ' -dharmabindu a.1 sU. 3 / 4 2 tatra samAna kulazIlAdibhiragotrajarvaivAhyamanyatra bahuviruddha bhyaH /
Page #580
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 252 | jaina tattvakalikA : aSTama kalikA Adi koI upadrava ho usakA tyAga gRhastha ko avazya kara denA cAhie, tAki usakI cittasamAdhi banI rahe / ' (5) suyogya vyakti kA Azraya lenA - gRhastha ko aise suyogya, sadAcArI, vacanapAlaka, vIra evaM rakSAsamartha vyakti kA Azraya lenA cAhie, tAki saMkaTa, Apatti yA vighna Ane para vaha usakI rakSA kara sake tathA sahAyaka bana sake / " (6) Ayocita vyaya - gRhastha ko apanI AmadanI ke anusAra hI kharca karanA cAhie | vivAha-zAdiyoM yA utsava parva Adi avasaroM para dekhAdekhI phijUla kharca karanA kathamapi sukhAvaha nahIM hotA / Aya se adhika vyaya karane se karjadAra honA par3atA hai, jisake lie vyakti ko sadaiva cintita, pIr3ita, padadalita rahanA par3atA hai / isakA matalaba yaha bhI nahIM hai kiM gRhastha yathocita kharca bhI na kare, kRpaNatA dikhAe, kintu abhiprAya yaha hai ki gRhastha ko mitavyayI honA cAhie / (7) prasiddha dezAcArapAlana- jo kisI prakAra se nindanIya, garhaNIya na hoM, aise svadezAcAroM kA pAlana karanA cAhie / svadezI veza-bhUSA, bhASA tathA rahana-sahana rakhane meM kisI prakAra ko gauravahInatA nahIM hai / " (8) mAtA-pitA kI vinaya - mAtA-pitA kI tathA ghara meM bujurgoM kI vinaya, bhakti, AjJApAlana, praNAma, Adara - bahumAna, sevAzuzrUSA Adi karanI cAhie | mAtA-pitA ko sukha-zAnti pahu~cAe, unake citta meM kaSAya na bhar3akeM, zAnti se raheM, isa prakAra kA vyavahAra karanA cAhie / unheM dhArmika kAryoM - dAnazIlAdi meM tathA anya dhArmika kriyAoM meM pravRtta kare tAki ve paraloka meM bhI sukha prApta kara sakeM / " (e) sva prakRti ke anukUla samaya para bhojana - svasthatA ke lie apanI prakRti ke anukUla bhojana hitAvaha hotA haiM / prakRti ke pratikUla aura binA ruci, bhUkha athavA ajIrNAvasthA meM bhojana karanA, jAna-bUjhakara rogoM ko bulAnA hai / gRhastha ko vaise padArtha nahIM khAne cAhie, jo gariSTha, duSpAcya evaM tAmasika hoM / ArogyazAstriyoM kA mata hai ki bhojana karate samaya udara 1 tathA upapluta sthAnatyAga iti / svayogyasyAzrayaNamiti / 3 Ayocito vyaya iti / 4 5 tathA prasiddhadezAcArapAlanamiti / tathA mAtR-pitR pUjeti / - dharmabindu 1116-17, 18
Page #581
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ gRhasthadhama-svarUpa | 253 ke tIna bhAgoM kI kalpanA kara lenI cAhie-eka bhAga anna se bhare, dUsarA bhAga pAnI se bhare aura udara kA ekabhAga khAlI rakhA jAnA caahie| isa dRSTi se parimita, hita, pathya bhojana hI gRhastha ko karanA caahie|' (10) adeza-kAla-caryAtyAga-juA khelane ke aDDe, vezyAlaya, madirAlaya, cANDAlagRha, macchImAroM ke ghara, kasAI-khAne Adi sthAna tattvajJa dharmAcAryoM ne ayogya mAne haiN| ina sthAnoM meM sajjana gRhastha ko nahIM jAnA caahie| aise sthAnoM para bAra-bAra jAne se pApa ke prati ghRNA ghaTatI jAtI hai aura hRdayagata komalatA kA sthAna kaThoratA le letI hai| sAtha hI madhyarAtri taka idhara-udhara vyartha hI ghUmanA-phiranA bhI kaI dRSTiyoM se hAnikAraka hai| cora, badamAza, luTere, guDe aise samaya meM hI phirate haiM, zatru Adi ke upadrava kI tathA parastrolampaTa hone kI zaMkA bhI hotI hai| (11) vega Adi chaha kA atikramaNa na kareM:-saikar3oM kArya hoM, phira bhI nimnalikhita 6 nityakRtyoM kA apane zarIrAdi kI rakSA hetu kadApi ullaMghana nahIM karanA caahie| ve 6 bAteM ye haiM (i) vega-zaucAdi ke AvegoM ko na roke / ina kudaratI hAjatoM ko rokane se aneka bhayaMkara roga paidA hote haiM / ataH mala, mUtra ko kabhI rokanA nahIM caahie| (ii; vyAyAma-vyAyAma na karane se zarIra-svAsthya ThIka nahIM rhtaa| nityabhojI gRhastha ko, jahA~ taka zarIra meM pasInA na A jAe vahA~ taka zarIra ko AyAsa dene vAlI vyAyAmakriyA avazya karanI cAhie / AcArya kahate haiM-vyAyAma kiye binA agnidopana, utsAha, zarIra ke aMgopAMgoM meM dRr3hatA Adi kaise ho sakatI hai ? (iii) nidrA-gRhastha kA zayana aura jAgaraNa niyamita honA caahie| adhika dera taka sote rahanA yA adhika dera taka jAganA bala, buddhi, svAsthya tInoM ke lie hAnikAraka hai| adhika dera taka jAgane se pAcanakriyA bigar3a jAtI hai aura adhika dera taka sote rahane se Alasya, sustI tathA anutsAha bar3hatA hai / ataH sone tathA jAgane ke samaya kA kabhI ullaMghana nahIM karanA caahie| 1 tathA sAtmyataH kAla bhojanam / ' 2 'adezakAlacaryA parihAraH / ' -dharmabindu 3 'vega-vyAyAma-svApa-snAna-bhojana-svacchanda-vRttikAlAnoparUndhyAt / ' --nItivAkyAmRta sa. 25 / 10
Page #582
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 254 | jaina tattvakalikA : aSTama kalikA (iv) snAna - -gRhastha ke lie ArogyazAstriyoM ne snAna ko Avazyaka mAnA hai; kyoMki zarIrazrama se pasInA, maila Adi zarIra para jamA ho jAte haiM / snAna karane se thakAvaTa, pasInA, maila aura Alasya dUra hotA hai / (v) bhojana - bhojana kA samaya bhI gRhastha kA niyamita honA cAhie / bhojana ke samaya kA matalaba hai- 'bubhukSAkAla / ' jaba kar3Ake kI bhUkha lage, use hI bhojanakAla samajhanA cAhie / yadi gRhastha bhojana kA samaya nizcita kara le aura usI samaya bhojana karane kI Adata DAle to usI samaya use bhUkha lagane lagegI / ataH bhojana ke samaya kA ullaMghana gRhastha ko kadApi nahIM karanA cAhie | samaya - besamaya bhojana karane se kaI udararoga, agnimandatA Adi ho jAte haiM / (vi) svacchandavRtti - svacchandavRtti yahA~ ucchaM khalatA yA svacchandAcAra ke artha meM nahIM hai, apitu yahA~ svacchandavRtti kA artha hai - sva-AtmA ke, chanda - viSaya meM vRtti -- pravRtti karanA / gRhastha ko pratidina apanI AtmA ke viSaya meM cintana-manana, nirIkSaNa, svAdhyAya, sAmAyika, dhyAna Adi karanA cAhie, tathA pratidina Atmahita ke lie deva, guru aura dharma kI ArAdhanA meM kucha na kucha samaya avazya lagAnA caahie| isase saccI zAnti milatI hai, sAMsArika duHkhoM kA nivAraNa hotA hai / ataH isa prakAra kI svAtmahitakara dainikacaryA kA kadApi ullaMghana nahIM karanA cAhie / AcArya haribhadrasUri ne inhIM kucha guNoM ko sAmAnya gRhasthadharma ke lie anivArya batAyA hai / AcArya hemacandra ne mArgAnusArI ke 35 guNa batAe haiM, jinameM se kucha to inhIM se milate-julate haiM / jo gRhastha sAmAnya gRhasthadharma kA pAlana karatA hai, vaha sadAcArI, nIti- nyAyaparAyaNa, Atmahitacintaka bana jAtA hai tathA vaha vizeSa dharma kA pAlana karane ke yogya bana jAtA hai / gRhastha kA vizeSa dharma sadgRhastha ko sAmAnya dharma kA pAlana karane ke sAtha- sAtha hI vizeSa dharma kI ora mur3a jAnA cAhie tAki ihaloka - paraloka sukha ke atirikta mokSasukha ko prApta kara sake / Atmika sukha hI saccA sukha hai, jisakI prApti vizeSa dharma ke pAlana se hotI hai / vizeSa dharma kA pAlana karane ke lie sadgRhastha ko samyaktvamUlaka bAraha vratoM (pAMca aNuvrata, tIna guNavrata aura cAra zikSAvrata ) kA niraticAra pAlana karanA Avazyaka hai / samyaktvI gRhastha ko zrAvaka yA zramaNopAsaka kahA gayA hai / use apane samyaktva ko sudRr3ha karane ke lie pratidina dharmopadeza
Page #583
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ gRhasthadharma-svarUpa | 255 zravaNa, deva-guru-dharma kI upAsanA, tathA svAdhyAya dvArA nau tattvoM kA cintana apekSita hai / aisA karane se mithyAtva kA mala dUra ho jAtA hai, samyaktva kA sUrya prakAzita hone lagatA hai; jIvAdi tattvoM para dRr3ha zraddhA, deva-guru-dharma para dRr3ha anurAga tathA dharmAcaraNa dvArA jIvana saphala banAne kA utsAha jAgRta ho jAtA hai| samyaktva : svarUpa, lakSaNa aura aticAra vratoM ko TikAne ke lie samyaktva kI prApti Avazyaka hai / vyavahAra samyaktva ke lie deva, guru, dharma tathA nau tattvoM para dRr3ha zraddhA rakhanA anivArya hai| kisI bhavyAtmA ko samyaktva prApta ho jAtA hai, taba usake anantAnabandhI krodha-mAna-mAyA-lobha, samyaktvamohanIya mithyAtvamohanIya aura mizramohatroya, ina sAtoM prakRtiyoM kA kSayopazama ho jAtA hai| vyavahAra samyaktva pAlana karane ke lie samyaktva ke 67 boloM ko apanAnA Avazyaka hai| samyaktva A jAne para ye 5 lakSaNa prakaTa ho jAte haiM-zama, saMvega, nirveda, anukampA aura Astikya / ' ___ zrAvaka ko samyaktva surakSita rakhane ke lie usake pAMca aticAroM (doSoM) se bacanA cAhie-(1) zaMkA, (2) kAMkSA, (3) vicikitsA, (4) anyadRSTi-prazaMsA aura (5) anyadRSTi-saMstava / AcAryoM ne zrAvaka ke lie ApattikAla meM samyaktva meM kucha AgAra (apavAda) batAe haiM, jinakA vivekapUrvaka upayoga sirpha ApatkAla meM vaha kare to usakA samyaktva bhaMga nahIM hotA / ve AgAra ye haiM (1) rAjAbhiyoga, (2) gaNAbhiyoga, (3) balAbhiyoga, (4) devAbhiyoga (5) guru-nigraha, aura (6) vRttikAntAra / ' zrAvakadharma ke pAMca aNuvrata __ zrAvaka ko samyaktva ke pazcAt dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva dekhakara yathAzakti kramazaH pAMca aNuvratoM kA grahaNa karanA cAhie-(1) sthUla prANAtipAta1 'prazama-saMvega-nirvedAnukampA'stikyAbhivyakti lakSaNaM taditi / 2 zaMkA-kAMkSA-vicikitsA'nyadRSTiprazaMsAsaMstavAH samyagdRSTe raticArAH / -dharma bindu a. 3, sU. 10, 12 3 'rAyAbhiogeNaM gaNAbhiogeNaM, balAbhiogeNaM, devayAbhiogeNaM guruniggaheNaM vittikatAreNaM / ' -upAsakadazAMga a0
Page #584
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 256 | jaina tattvakalikA : aSTama kalikA viramaNa, (2) sthUlamRSAvAda-viramaNa, (3) sthUla adattAdAna-viramaNa, (4) sthUla maithuna-viramaNa aura (5) parigraha-parimANavrata / (1) sthUlaprANAtapAtiviramaNa saMsAra meM do prakAra ke jIva haiM-sUkSma aura sthUla / pRthvIkAya, apkAya, tejaskAya, vAyukAya aura vanaspatikAya ye pAMca sthAvara ekendriya jIva sUkSma haiN| ina pA~coM kI virAdhanA kA gRhastha jIvana meM sarvathA tyAga nahIM ho sakatA, kintu gRhastha unakA viveka yA maryAdA kara sakatA hai / isIlie zAstrakAra ne sthUla zabda diyA hai / sthUla kA artha hai-dvIndriya se lekara paMcendriya taka ke jo trasajIva, AbAlavaddha prasiddha haiM, una niraparAdhI trasa jIvoM ke saMkalpapUrvaka vadha kA tyAga karanA / sthUlaprANAtipAtaviramaNa kA yaha spaSTa artha hai|' gRhastha se gRhakArya meM, vyApAra-dhaMdhe meM yA anya Avazyaka kAryoM meM jo trasajIvoM kI hiMsA ho jAtI hai, vaha ArambhajAhisA hai kintu vaha jAna-bUjhakara saMkalpapUrvaka AkuTTi kI buddhi se nahIM kI jaatii| ataH vaha kSamya hai| isI prakAra kisI aparAdhI yA virodhI (AtatAyI) ko daNDa denA par3e isameM bhI gRhastha kA ahiMsANuvrata bhaMga nahIM hotA / kintu vaha daNDa badale kI bhAvanA se nahIM denA cAhie, aparAdhI ke sudhAra ko bhAvanA hI honI caahie| itanA hone para bhI gRhastha pratyeka kArya yatanApUrvaka viveka se karegA tabhI usake ahiMsANuvrata kA bhalIbhA~ti pAlana ho skegaa| prathama sthUlaprANAtipAtaviramaNavrata ke zuddharUpa se pAlana ke lie pAMca aticAra bhagavAn ne batAe haiM aura kahA hai ki ina aticAroM ko sirpha jAnanA cAhie, inakA AcaraNa nahIM karanA caahie| (1) bandha, (2) vadha, (3) chaviccheda, (4) atibhAra aura (4) bhaktapAnaviccheda / (2) sthUla mRSAvAdaviramaNa zrAvaka ko sthUla asatya kA tyAga karanA caahie| yaha dvitIya aNuvrata hai| mRSA ke tIna artha phalita hote haiM atathya (jhaTha), apriya aura apathya / jo satya se rahita ho athavA viparIta ho yA jisameM satya ko chipAyA jAya, vaha 1 'thulAo pANAivAyAo veramaNaM' -sthAnAMga sthA0 5 u01 2 'tayANaMtaraM ca NaM thUlagassa pANAivAyaveramaNassa samaNovAsae NaM paMca aiyArA peyAlA, jANiyabvA, na samAyariyavvA, taM jahA-baMdhe, vahe, chavicchee, aibhAre, bhttpaannvocchee|' -upAsakadazAMga a0 1
Page #585
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ gRhasthadharma-svarUpa | 257 atathya; jo hRdaya ko AghAta pahu~cAne vAlA ho, vaha apriya aura jisakA pariNAma lAbhakArI na ho, vaha apathya hai| aise mRSAvAda se bacane kA jo sthUlavrata hai, vaha sthUlamRSAvAdaviramaNavrata kahalAtA hai|' ___ isa vrata meM pAMca mahAna mithyAvacanoM (alIkoM) kA tyAga kiyA jAtA hai, zeSa kI yatanA hotI hai| ve pAMca alIka ye haiM--(1) kanyAlIka-kanyA, dAsa-dAsI Adi manuSyoM ke viSaya meM mithyA bolanA, (2) gavAlIka-gAya Adi pazu ke sambandha meM jhaTha. bolanA, (3) bhUmyaloka-bhUmi, kheta, makAna Adi ke sambandha meM asatya bolanA, (4) nyAsa pahAra-kisI kI rakhI huI dharohara jhUTha bolakara har3apa jAnA, (5) kUTasAkSI-jhUThI gavAhI denaa| ____ isa vrata ke pAMca aticAra haiM-(1) sahasAbhyAkhyAna-binA soce-vicAre kisI para mithyA doSAropaNa karanA, (2) rahasyAbhyAkhyAna-kisI kA gupta rahasya anya ke. samakSa kaha denA, (3) svadAramaMtrabheda-apanI strI kI gupta bAteM prakaTa karanA, (4) bhUSopadeza-kisI ko galata salAha, anAcArAdi kI zikSA yA jhUTha bolane kA upadeza denA, aura (5) kUTalekha-jhUThA lekha likhanA, jhUThA dastAveja yA jhUThI bahiyA~ banAnA / ' (3) sthUla adattAdAna-virabhaNa sthUla adattAdAna se virata honA zrAvaka kA tRtIya aNuvrata hai| jisa vastu, jIva yA yazakIrti Adi para apanA vAstavika adhikAra na ho, use nIti bhaMga karake apane adhikAra meM lenA, paradhana kA apaharaNa karanA, kisI vastu ko usake svAmI kI AjJA yA icchA ke binA yA binA diye le lenA, corI karanA-adattAdAna hai| usase bacane kA jo sthUlavata hotA hai, use sthUlaadattAdAnaviramaNavrata kahate haiN| isa vrata se choTo-bar3I saba taraha kI corI kA tyAga kiyA jAtA hai| . isa vrata ko zuddha rUpa se pAlana karane ke lie pAMca aticAra batAe gae haiM, jinase bacanA cAhie-(1) stenAhata-cora dvArA lAyA huA, yA corI kA mAla rakhanA, le lenA, (2) taskaraprayoga-coroM ko corI ke lie 1 'thUlAo musAvAyAMo veramaNaM' -sthAnAMga sthAna 5, u01 2 tayANaMtaraM ca NaM thUlagassa musAvAyaveramaNassa paMca aiyArA jANiyavvA, na samA yariyadhA, taMjahA-sahassabbhakkhANe, rahassabbhakhANe, sadAramaMtabhee, mosovaese, kUDalehaka raNe / --upAsakadazAMga a0 1 3 'thUlAo adinAdANAo veramaNaM / ' -sthAnAMga sthA0 5, u0 1
Page #586
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 258 | jaina tattvakalikA : aSTama kalikA protsAhana denA, corI ke lie prerita karanA ki bekAra kyoM baiThe ho ? corI karake mAla lAo, hama beca deMge, (3) viruddharAjyAtikrama-rAjya ke jina niyamoM kA ullaMghana karane se daNDanIya bananA par3e, aisA AcaraNa karanA; jaise cugI, kara Adi kI corI / rAjya kI sImA kA ullaMghana karake dUsare rAjya meM jAkara taskara vyApAra karanA, (4) kUTatulA-kUTamAna-jhThe taula aura jhaThe nApa kA upayoga karanA yA tola nApa nyUnAdhika karanA; aura (5) tatpratirUpakavyavahAra - zuddha vastu meM usake sadRza yA asadRza vastu milAkara becanA, milAvaTa karanA / jaise-dUdha meM pAnI, zuddha ghI meM vejITebala gho milaanaa|' (4) sthUla maithuna viramaNavrata yaha zrAvaka kA caturtha aNuvrata hai| isakA zAstrIya nAma-svadArasaMtoSaparadAraviramaNavrata hai / yaha AMzika brahmacaryavrata hai| isameM svapatnI-saMtoSa ke atirikta samasta maithunoM-abrahmacaryoM kA tyAga kiyA jAtA hai| ataH zrAvaka isa vrata meM parastrI (vidhavA, kumArI kanyA, vezyA Adi) kA tyAga karake kevala sva-strIsaMtoSavrata para sthira rahatA hai aura devI yA tiryaJca mAdA ke sAtha bhI maithuna kA sarvathA parityAga kara detA hai| gRhastha isa vrata kA pAlana-eka karaNa aura eka yoga se-karU nahIM kAyA se-karatA hai yAnI parastrIsaMga kAyA se nahIM kruuNgaa| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki vedamohanIya karma ke upazama aura vyabhicAra-nirodha ke lie vivAha kiyA jAtA hai / gRhastha ko apane putra-putrI kA bhI vivAha karanA par3atA hai tathA anya striyoM kI rugNAdi prasaMgoM para sevA-zuzrUSA bhI karanI par3atI hai, isa kAraNa strI sparzAdi ko TAlA nahIM jA sktaa| phira bhI isa vrata kI surakSA ke lie pAMca aticAroM ko jAnakara unase bacane kA nirdeza bhagavAn ne diyA hai| ve pAMca aMticAra' ye haiM-- . (1) itvarikAparigRhItA gamana-kAmabuddhi ke vazIbhUta hokara yadi koI caturtha aNuvratadhAraka zrAvaka yaha vicAra kare ki merA to kevala parastrIgamana 1 tayANaMtaraM ca NaM thUlagassa adiNNAdANaveramaNassa paMca aiyArA jANiyavvA, na samAyariyavvA, taM jahA-teNAhaDe, takkarappaoge, viruddha rajjAikkamme, kUDatulakUDamANe tappaDirUvagavavahAre / -upAsa kadazAMga a0 1 2 'sadArasaMtosie avasesaM savvaM mehuNavihiM paccakkhAi / ' -AvazyakasUtra 3 'tayANaMtaraM ca Na sadArasaMtosie paMca aiyArA jANiyavvA, na samAyariyavvA, taM jahA--ittariyapariggahiyAgamaNe, apariggahiyAgamaNe, aNaMgakIr3A paravivAhakaraNe, kAmabhogativvAbhilAse / ' -upAsakadazAMga a0 1
Page #587
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ gRhasthadharma-svarUpa | 256 kAhI tyAga hai, agara kisI strI ko vizeSa lobha dekara kucha dinoM yA kucha samaya ke lie apanI strI banAkara rakha lU~ to kyA doSa hai ? isa prakAra kA vicAra karane aura tadanurUpa sAdhana juTAne taka atikrama, vyati krama aura aticAra hai, kintu agara usake sAtha samAgama kara liyA to anAcAra yAnI vratabhaMga ho jAtA hai / isa aticAra kA eka aura artha bhI katipaya AcArya karate haiM ki yadi kisI lar3akI kA laghu avasthA meM zrAvaka ke sAtha vivAha ho gayA ho, kintu jaba taka usakI yogya avasthA na ho jAe, taba taka usake samAgama kA vicAra karane Adi se vrata kalaMkita ho jAtA hai / (2) aparigRhItAgamana - jisakA vivAha saMskAra nahIM huA hai, jaisekumArI kanyA, anAtha kanyA yA vezyA Adi, aisI striyoM ke sAtha gamana kA isa dRSTi se vicAra karanA ki merA to kevala parastrI ke sAtha gamana kA tyAga hai, ye to kisI kI bhI strI nahIM haiM, isalie inameM se kisI ke sAtha gamana karane meM doSa hI kyA hai ? aisA vicAra karanA 'aticAra' hai / katipaya AcArya isakA artha yaha bhI karate haiM - yadi kisI kanyA ke ke sAtha kevala maMgano ( sagAI ) ho gaI ho, kintu vidhivat vivAha na huA ho, yadi usa kanyA kA ekAnta sthAna meM milana ho gayA ho to bhAvI strI jAnakara usake sAtha kAmaceSTA karanA yA samAgama kA vicAra karanA isa vrata kA aticAra hai / (3) anaMgakrIr3A - kAmavAsanA ke vazIbhUta hokara parastrI ke sAtha kAmajanya upahAsAdi ceSTAe~ karanA, kAma jAgRta karane kI AzA se parastrI ke zarIra ke kAmAMgoM kA sparza karanA athavA svastrI ke sAtha bhI kAmAMga ke sivAya anya aMgoM se maithuna karanA athavA aprAkRtika maithuna (hastamaithuna Adi) karanA, anaMgakrIr3A nAmaka aticAra hai / (4) para- vivAhakaraNa - isake do artha kiye jAte haiM - (1) apane sambandhiyoM ko chor3akara anya logoM ke putra-putriyoM kA vivAha sambandha puNyalAbha jAnakara yA lobha ke vazIbhUta hokara karAne ke lie udyata rahanA ukta vrata ke lie paravivAhakaraNa rUpa aticAra hai / kyoMki vivAha maithuna pravRtti kA preraka hai aura maithuna pravRtti kabhI puNya lAbha kA kAraNa nahIM huA karatI / (2) athavA yadi kisI kanyA kA sambandha ( vAgdAna ) vivAha - 1 dekhie - ' para vivAha karaNe' para upAsakadazAMgavRtti
Page #588
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 260 | jaina tattvakalikA : aSTama kalikA saMskAra se pUrva hI kisI anya puruSa ke sAtha ho gayA hai, to usa sambandha ko tur3avA kara apane sAtha usakA sambandha jor3anA jur3avAnA bhI paravivAhakaraNa rUpa aticAra hai, kyoMki aisI strI bhI eka prakAra se parastrI hI hai / (5) kAmabhoga tIvrAbhilASA - kAma bhoga sevana ko tIvra lAlasA rakhanA bhI isa vrata kA aticAra hai / kAmabhoga kA artha hai - pAMcoM indriyoM ke viSaya - zabda-rUpa-rasa- gandha-sparza / ina viSayoM kI vRddhi ke lie nAnA prakAra kI bhasma, dhAtu Adi balabaddhaka auSadhiyoM kA sevana karanA, vAjI - karaNa karanA, rAtadina samaya - kusamaya kAmabhoga sevana karanA yA kAmakrIr3A karate rahanA, kAmabhoga tIvrAbhilASA nAmaka aticAra hai / caturthavratadhAraka gRhastha ko ina pAMca aticAroM se avazya bacanA cAhie | (5) icchA parimANavrata - parigrahaparimANavrata gRhastha parigraha kA sarvathA tyAga nahIM kara sakatA; kyoMki use apane Apake aura parivAra ke bharaNa-poSaNa tathA unake zikSA saMskAra, vivAhAdi ara lie evaM ghara-gRhasthI calAne ke lie Avazyaka dhana, sAdhana Adi kI jarUrata rahatI hai / ataH apanI ananta icchAoM tathA parigrahabhUta vastuoM para aMkuza lagAnA evaM santoSa dhAraNa karanA zrAvaka ke lie Avazyaka hai / anApa-sanApa parigraha hogA to vaha apanI dharmasAdhanA nahIM kara sakegA, na hI sukhI raha sakegA aura na vrata ko hI surakSita rakha sakegA / ataH bhagavAn ne zrAvaka ke lie pA~cavA~ icchAparimANa yA parigrahaparimANavrata Avazyaka batAyA hai / ' parigraha ke do bheda haiM- dravyaparigraha aura bhAvaparigraha / dravyaparigraha dhana-dhanyAdirUpa hai aura bhAvaparigraha antaraMga mohanIya karma kI prakRtirUpa hai jisakA bAhyarUpa icchA, AzA, tRSNA, lobha, lAlasA, vAsanA Adi haiM / ataH bAhya parigraha para niyaMtraNa ke lie parigrahaparimANa hai aura Antarika parigraha para niyaMtraNa ke lie 'icchAparimANa' hai / ataH isa vrata meM gRhastha sukhapUrvaka apane tathA apane pArivArika jIvana kA nirvAha ho sake, tathA parivAra, samAja, deza aura dharma ke prati apane karttavyoM ko nibhA sake, isa dRSTi se socakara dhana-dhAnya, kSetra-vAstu, hiraNya 1 'icchAparimANe ' - sthAnAMga sthA0 5, u01
Page #589
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ gRhasthadharma-svarUpa | 261 suvarNa, dvipada-catuSpada, vAhana yAna Adi parigrahabhUta vastuoM kI maryAdA (sImA) karatA hai / pAMcaveM aNuvrata ke dhAraka ko apanA vrata surakSita rakhane ke lie nimnokta pAMca aticAroM' se bacanA Avazyaka hai (1) kSetra vAstupramANAtikrama - kSetra (kheta, bagIce yA jamIna ) evaM vAstu makAna, dukAna, ghara Adi kA jitanA parimANa kiyA ho usakA ullaMghana karanA, arthAt -- eka vastu kI sImA ghaTAkara dUsarI vastu kI sImA bar3hAnA, saMkhyA bar3hanA yA apanI mAlikI rakhate hue bhI strI Adi ke nAma se kara denA | (2) hiraNya - suvarNa- pramANAtikrama - ghar3e hue yA binA ghar3e hue cA~dI - sone kA jo bhI parimANa kiyA ho, usakA ullaMghana isa abhiprAya se karanA ki yaha hai to merA hI kintu parimANa adhika hai, isIlie strI- putroM ke nAma ke se rakha lUM to kyA harja hai ? athavA pramANa se uparAnta sonA-cA~dI putra janmotsava, putrI ke vivAha tathA anya kAryoM ke lie rakha lenA; ityAdi vicAra vrata ko dUSita karane vAle haiM / (3) dhana-dhAnyapramANAtikrama - dhana ( sikke noTa Adi), aura dhAnya ( anAja Adi) kA jo parimANa kiyA ho, usakA atikramaNa karanA vratadoSa hai | adhika dhana ho jAne para apane sambandhI ke yahA~ isa abhiprAya se rakhavA denA ki mere pAsa to hai nahIM / parantu yaha Atma-vaMcanA hai / isI prakAra dhAnyAdi dUsare ke nAma se kharIda kara apane pAsa saMgraha karanA / yA adhika dhAnya dUsare ke yahA~ rakhavA denA bhI isa vrata kA aticAra hai / (4) dvipada- catuSpadapramANAtikrama - dvipada ( dAsa-dAsI yA anya strIpuruSa) evaM do paira vAle pakSI jaise totA, mainA, kabUtara Adi evaM catuSpada (cAra paira vAle jAnavara gAya, bhaiMsa Adi) kA jitanA parimANa kiyA ho, usakA atikramaNa karanA / (5) kupyapramANAtikrama - ghara kI jitanI bhI sAmagrI ( bartana, palaMga, paTTe, paMkhe, pharnIcara, alamArI Adi) hai, unakI jo maryAdA kI ho, usakA 1 tayANaMtaraM ca NaM icchAparimANassa samaNovAsa eNaM paMca aiyArA jANiyavvA, na samAyariyavvA, taM jahA - khetavatthu mANAikkamme, hiraNNasuvaNNapamANAikkamme, dupayacauppayapamANAikkamme, dhaNadhannapamANAikkamme, kuviyapamANAikkamme / - - upAsakadazAMga a0 1
Page #590
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 262 | jaina tattvakalikA : aSTama kalikA ullaMghana karanA anupayogI sAmAna ikaTThe karanA ( isa abhiprAya se ki yaha to apanI maryAdA meM maiMne rakhA hI nahIM hai) bhI aticAra hai / isa prakAra paMcama aNuvrata kA zuddhatApUrvaka pAlana karanA cAhie / tIna guNavata pAMca aNuvratoM kI rakSA evaM ukta aNuvratoM meM vizeSatA lAne tathA unakI maryAdAoM ko aura adhika kama karane kI dRSTi se zrAvaka ke lie tIna guNavratoM kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai / jaise - digparimANavrata se maryAdita kSetra se bAhara ke jIvoM ko abhayadAna dene se prathama aNuvrata ko lAbha pahu~catA hai, chahoM dizAoM meM kSetra maryAdita ho jAne se usake bAhara ke kSetra kA asatya, corI, abrahmacarya aura parigraha kA tyAga anAyAsa hI ho jAtA hai| sAtaveM vrata se upabhoga - paribhoga kA parimANa ho jAne parigraha kI maryAdA aura bhI kama (saMkucita) ho jAtI hai / bhogopabhoga kI maryAdA hone se Arambhajanya hiMsA meM bhI kamI ho jAtI hai, brahmacarya kI maryAdA kI surakSA ho jAtI hai aura steya tathA asatya kA bhI prasaMga nahIM AtA / isI prakAra anarthadaNDaviramaNavrata grahaNa kara hiMsAdi kI. jo maryAdA rakhI thI, usameM nirarthaka hiMsAdi kA tyAga ho jAtA hai / isa prakAra tInoM guNavrata aNuvratoM kI puSTi, surakSA aura viziSTatA ke lie haiN| ye aNuvratoM ke guNoM ko bar3hAte haiM, isIlie inakA nAma guNavrata hai / (1) dikparimANavrata asaMkhyAta yojana parimita yaha loka hai / isameM lobhavaza yA anya prayojanavaza nirAbAdharUpa se gamana karanA aNuvratI zrAvaka ke lie ucita nahIM hai / " isa loka meM do prakAra se jIva gamana karatA hai - dravya se aura bhAva se / dravya se -- kAyA se gamana karanA, aura bhAva se azubhakarma karanA, jisase gamana karanA par3e / bhAva se gamana na karane ke lie vaise azubhakarmoM para pratibandha lagAnA Avazyaka hai / dravya se -- kAyA dvArA daza dizAoM (pUrva, pazcima, uttara, dakSiNa, U~cI-nIcI, naiRtya, Agneya, vAyavya aura IzAna) meM gamana kA parimANa karanA cAhie / dizAparimANavrata kA artha hai, pUrvokta daza dizAoM meM se jisa dizA meM jAne kA jitanA parimANa kiyA hai, usase Age nahIM jAnA / yadi aisI maryAdA na ho to manuSya dhaMdhe ke lie kitanI hI dUra calA jAe aura aneka
Page #591
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ gRhasthadharma-svarUpa | 263 prakAra ke Arambha-samArambha kre| ataH isa vrata se mukhyatayA hiMsA aura parigraha, donoM para niyaMtraNa rahatA hai| _isa vrata ke pAMca aticAra haiM jinase bacanA Avazyaka hai (1) UrdhvadizAparimANAtikrama-Urdhva dizA meM jAne kA jo parimANa kiyA ho, usakA ullaMghana karanA, (2) adhodizAparimANAtikrama-nIcI dizA meM jAne kA jo parimANa kiyA ho usakA atikrama karanA; (3) tiyaMgdizApramANAtikrama-tirachI dizA (pUrva pazcimAdi AThoM dizAoM) meM jAne kA jo parimANa kiyA ho, usakA ullaMghana karanA; (4) kSetravRddhi-- eka dizA kI sImA kama karake dUsarI dizA kI sImA meM vRddhi karanA; (5) smRti-antardhAna--gamana karate samaya usI dazA kI sImA kI smRti vismRta ho jAe, yA sImA ke viSaya meM zaMkA ho jAe, phira bhI Age bar3hate jAnA smRtyantardhAna nAmaka aticAra hai| ina pA~ca doSoM ke parihArapUrvaka isa guNavrata kA pAlana karanA caahie| . (2) upabhoga-paribhogaparimANavata yaha jIva anAdikAla se nAnA prakAra ke bhogopabhogoM kA sevana karatA AyA hai, phira bhI use tRpti nahIM huii| manuSyajanma pAne para bhI bhogopabhogoM kI tRSNA kama nahIM huii| usake lie hiMsA, asatya, corI, parigraha Adi pApa karatA hai| bhogopabhogoM kI atizaya lAlasA evaM sevana ke kAraNa vaha rAgAdi aneka doSoM evaM aneka vyAdhiyoM kA zikAra banatA hai, isase karmasaMcaya meM vRddhi hotI hai / zrAvaka ko apanA janma sArthaka karane aura viSaya-kaSAyoM ko kama karane tathA aNuvratoM kA samyak pAlana karane ke lie bhagavAn ne upabhoga-paribhogaparimANa nAmaka dvitIya guNavata batAyA hai| ___ yaha vrata do prakAra se grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai--bhoga se, aura karma se / sarvaprathama bhogopabhogoM kI maryAdA kA vicAra karanA caahie| jo vastu eka bAra bhogI jAe, vaha bhoga; jaise-AhAra-pAnI, snAna, vilepana, puSpamAlA Adi aura jo vastu aneka bAra bhogI jA sake, vaha upabhoga; jaise-vastra, AbhUSaNa, zayana, Asana Adi / ina bhogopabhogya vastuoM kA parimANa karanA-niyamana karanA bhogopabhoga parimANavata hai| 1 'tayANaMtaraM ca NaM disivayassa paMca aiyArA jANiyavvA na samAyariyavvA, taM jahAuDDhadisipamANAikkamme, ahodisipamANAikkamme, tiriyadisipamANAiyakamme, khettavuDDhI saiaMtaraddhA !' -upAsakadazAMga a0 1
Page #592
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 264 | jaina tattvakalikA : aSTama kalikA bhogopabhogya vastue~ zarIra aura zarIra se sambandhita hotI haiM | zrAvaka ko inakI maryAdA karate samaya nimnokta 5 bAtoM ko varjita karanA cAhie(1) svadhaniSpanna - jo vastu sajIvoM ke vadha se niSpanna ho, usakA kataI upayoga na karanA / jaise - mAMsa, madya, rezamI vastra, kaoNDa livara Aila Adi savadhaniSpanna davAiyA~, aNDe, machalo, camar3A Adi / (2) ativadhaniSpanna -- jisameM sthAvara jIvoM kI bhI atyanta virAdhanA hotI ho / jaise--bar3a ke phala, pIpala ke phala, udumbara ( gullara), anantakAya Adi, inameM sthAvara jIva adhika hote haiM tathA sUkSmatrasa jIva bhI bahuta utpanna hote haiM / ataH aisI cIjoM kA sevana nahIM karanA cAhie / (3) pramAda - jisake khAne-pone se zarIra meM Alasya, jar3atA, behozI, pAgalapana Adi A jAte hoM, nitya dhArmika kRtya karane kI sphUrti bhI na rahe aisI cIjoM kA sevana bhI varjita hai / jaise - atyanta gariSTha tAmasika AhAra, pratyeka prakAra kA madya, duSpAcya bhojana, bhAMga, gAMjA, carasa, tambAkU, caNDu nazIlI vastue~ Adi Adi / (4) anupasevya - pUrva AcAryoM ne jina vastuoM kA sevana zrAvaka ke lie. niSiddha batAyA ho / jaise - lUTa - chInakara yA dUsare kA haka chInakara prApta kiyA huA AhAra, vastra Adi athavA atyanta bArIka, jisase na to lajjAnivAraNa ho aura na sardI-garmI Adi se rakSA ho / athavA aisA bhojana, jisase bhUkha na miTe, aura kevala svAda poSaNa hotA ho / (5) ArogyaghAtaka vaha bhojana vastrAdi jo svAsthya ke lie ghAtaka ho, rogotpAdaka ho, usakA sevana bhI varjita hai / upabhogya - paribhogya padArtha - zAstroM meM 26 prakAra ke upabhogya - paribhogya padArthoM kI maryAdA batAI hai / ye padArtha nimnokta haiM - ( 1 ) ullaNiyAvihiprAtaHkAla uThate hI hAtha-mu~ha dhone ke bAda poMchane ke lie sUtI tauliye kI AvazyakatA hotI hai, ataH usakI maryAdA karanA, (2) daMtaNavihi-datIna kI maryAdA karanA, (3) phalavihi-A~valA Adi mastaka para lagAne ke phaloM kI maryAdA karanA, (4) abhaMgaNavihi- mAliza kiye jAne vAle tela Adi kI maryAdA karanA, (5) ubaTaNavihi- zarIra para lagAne ke lie ubaTana (pIThI) Adi maryAdA karanA, (6) majjaNavihi- snAna Adi ke lie pAnI kI maryAdA karanA, (7) vattha vihi- pahanane ke vastroM kI maryAdA karanA, (8) vilevaNa vihi-candana Adi ke vilepana kI maryAdA karanA, (6) puSkavihi--- puSpa, puSpamAlA Adi kI maryAdA karanA, (10) AbharaNavihi- gahane pahanane kI maryAdA karanA, (11)
Page #593
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ gRhasthadharma-svarUpa | 265 dhUpavihi-dhUpa Adi se kamare, vastra Adi ko suvAsita karane kI maryAdA karanA, (12) pejjavihi-nAzte ke lie peya padArtha kI maryAdA karanA, (13) bhavakhaNavihi-roTI Adi khAne kI vastuoM kI maryAdA karanA, (14) odaNavihi-cAvaloM kI maryAdA karanA, (15) sUpavihi - dAloM kI maryAdA karanA, (16) vigavihi-ghI, dUdha, dahI, tela, gur3a, cInI Adi (yA inase banI cIjoM) vigaiyoM kI maryAdA karanA / (17) sAgavihi-sAga-bhAjI Adi kI maryAdA karanA, (18) mahuravihi-madhura pake hue phaloM kI maryAdA karanA, (16) jemaNavihi-bhojya padArthoM kI maryAdA karanA, (20) pANIvihi-pIne ke pAnI kI maryAdA karanA, (21) mukhavAsavihi- loMga, supArI, tAmbUla Adi mukhavAsa kI maryAdA karanA, (22) vAhaNavihi-vAhana (savArI) kI maryAdA karanA, (23) uvANahavihi-paira meM pahanane ke cappala, jUte, mauje Adi kI maryAdA karanA, (24) mayaNavihi-zayyA, Asana, pATa, khATa Adi zayanIya padArthoM kI maryAdA karanA, (25) sacittavihi-sacitta vastuoM kI maryAdA karanA, (26) damvavihi-pratidina khAdyadravyoM kI gaNanA karanA / . ina 26 boloM kI maryAdA yAvajjIvana ke lie hotI hai| ... caudaha niyama-dainandina maryAdAoM ke lie AcAryoM ne pratidina 14 niyamoM kA cintanapUrvaka svIkAra batAyA hai-(1) sacitta-pRthvIkAyAdi sacitta vastuoM ke sevana kI dainika maryAdA, (2) dravya-khAdya dravyoM kI saMkhyA kA nizcaya karanA, (3) vikRtika-ghI, dUdha, dahI, tela, gur3a, cInI Adi 5 vigaiyoM meM se amuka kA yA sabakA tyAga karanA yA maryAdA karanA, (4) upAnahaniyama-Aja ke dina paira meM pahanane ke cappala, jUte Adi kA tyAga karanA yA maryAdA karanA, (5) tAmbUlaparimANa - mukhavAsa ke yogya padArthoM kA tyAga yA parimANa karanA, (6) vastramaryAdA-pahanane ke vastroM kI dainika maryAdA karanA, (7) kusumavidhi-puSpa, taila, itra Adi sugandhita padArthoM kI dainika tyAga yA maryAdA karanA, (8) vAhanamaryAdA-amuka-asuka vAhanoM ke upayoga kA tyAga yA niyama karanA (8) zayana niyama-khATa, pATa, kursI, zayyA Adi zayanIya padArthoM kA tyAga yA parimANa karanA. (10) vilepananiyama-aMga para vilepya vastuoM kA tyAga yA parimANa karanA, (11) brahmacarya niyama-brahmacarya kA niyama lenA athavA dina ko maithunakarma kA sarvathA tyAga karanA, rAtri ko bhI brahmacarya kI maryAdA karanA, (12) dizAparimANa-chahoM dizAoM meM gamana kA tyAga yA parimANa karanA, (13) snAnaniyama-snAna kA tyAga yA parimANa nizcita karanA, (14) bhaktaniyama-AhAra-pAnI tathA anya khAdyapadArthoM ke vajana kA parimANa krnaa|
Page #594
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 266 | jaina tattvakalikA : aSTama kalikA karmAdAnoM kA sarvathA tyAga-bhogopabhogya padArthoM ko prApta karane ke lie zrAvaka ko koI na koI vyavasAya athavA AjIvikA kA sAdhana karanA par3atA hai | parantu bhagavAn ne zrAvakoM ke lie 15 prakAra ke karmAdAna rUpa ( karmoM kA adhikAdhika bandha karane vAle) vyavasAyoM kA sarvathA niSedha kiyA hai / 15 karmAdAna' isa prakAra haiM - * (1) aMgArakarma - koyale banAkara becane kA vyavasAya karanA, ( 2 ) vanakarma - vana Theke para lene, vRkSAdi kaTavAne yA vanaspati ko chedana-bhedana karane kA vyavasAya, (3) zakaTakarma - aneka prakAra ke gAr3e, gAr3I yA ratha Adi vAhana banAne banavAne kA vyavasAya karanA, (4) bhATakakarma - baila, bhaiMsA, gAya Adi pazuoM ko bhAr3e (kirAye para denA, athavA bar3e-bar3e makAna banavAkara kirAye para dene kA dhaMdhA karanA; (5) sphoTaka - suraMga khodane, bArUda se patthara phor3ane kA dhaMdhA karanA, (6) dantavANijya - hAthIdA~ta, pazuoM ke nakha, roma, sIMga, camar3A, gAya kA cAmara Adi kA vyavasAya karanA, (7) lAkSAvANijya - lAkha aneka sajIvoM kI utpatti kI kAraNa hai, ataH lAkha kA vyApAra karanA ( 8 ) rasavANijya- madirA yA sirakA Adi banAne evaM becane kA dhaMdhA karanA, (6) viSavANijya - viSa, viSailI cIjoM yA zastrAstra Adi becane banAne kA dhaMdhA karanA, (10) kezavANijya - kezavAle dAsa-dAsiyoM tathA pazupakSiyoM kA kraya-vikraya karanA (11) yaMtrapIr3anakarma - bar3e-bar3e yaMtroM (mazInoM) dvArA tila, Ikha Adi perane kA vyavasAya karanA, (12) nilachinakarma - pazuoM Sataye banAne (khassI karane) kA dhaMdhA karanA, (13) davAgnidAna karmavana ko Aga lagAne kA karma karanA (14) sarohra da - tar3AgaparizoSaNakarma - sarovara, nadI, hrada, tAlAba Adi jalAzayoM ko sukhAne kA vyavasAya karanA (15) asatIjanapoSaNatA karma-kulaTA, vyabhicAriNI striyoM ko rakhakara unase vyabhicAra karavAne kA vyavasAya karanA athavA zikArI kutta e, billI, murgA, Adi ko pAlanA - posanA, asAmAjika tattvoM ko Azraya denA Adi / vivekazIla gRhastha zrAvaka ko ina 15 karmAdAnarUpa vyavasAyoM kA sarvathA parityAga karanA cAhie / upabhogaparibhoga parimANavrata ke 5 aticAra haiM - (1) sacittAhAra -- 1. kammao ya samaNovAsaeNaM paNadasakammAdANAI jANiyavvAi, na samAyariyavvAi, taM jahA - iMgAlakamme vaNakamme sADIkamme bhADIkamme phoDIkamme daMtavANijje lakkhavANijje rasavANijje visavANijje kesavANijje jaMtapIlakamme nilaMchaNakamme, davaggidAvaNaMyA saradahattalAya sAMsaNayA asaIjaNaposaNayA : - upAsakadazAMga a0 1
Page #595
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ gRhasthadharma-svarUpa | 267 zrAvaka dvArA kRtasacitta kI maryAdA kA ullaMghana karanA, ( 2 ) sacittapratibaddhAhAra - sacitta kA tyAga hone se sacitta se pratibaddha ( chUtA huA yA sacitta para rakhA huA) AhAra karanA aticAra hai, (3) apakvAhAra - jo AhArAdi agni se paripakva nahIM hue haiM, unakA tathA auSadhi (dhAnya) Adi mizrapadArthoM kA AhAra karanA aticAra haiN| (4) duSpakvAhAra - jo AhAra pakA to ho kintu duSpara adhika pakA diyA yA jalA diyA ho, usa AhAra ko karane se udarAdi aneka rogoM kI sambhAvanA hai / ataH usakA sevana karanA aticAra hai / (5) tucchauSadhibhakSaNa - aisI vanaspati, jisameM khAne kA aMza kama ho, pheMkane IT adhika ho, jisase udarapUrti na ho sake, usakA AhAra karanA aticAra hai / ' (3) anarthadaNDa viramaNa yaha tIsarA guNavrata hai / yadyapi hiMsAdijanya sabhI kArya pApopArjana ke hetu haiM / parantu usameM bhI sArthaka aura anarthaka aise do bheda karake jo anarthaka as ( hiMsAdijanita kArya) haiM, unakA zrAvaka ko parityAga karanA cAhie / zAstrakAroM ne anarthadaNDa ke mukhyatayA cAra bheda batAe haiM - ( 1 ) apadhyAnAcarita - Atta dhyAna aura raudradhyAna ye donoM apadhyAna kahalAte haiM, ise vyartha hI bhAvasAdi bar3hate haiM / ataH ina donoM apadhyAnoM kA AcaraNa chor3anA cAhie / ( 2 ) pramAdAcarita-dharma se pratikUla sabhI kriyAe~ jinase saMsAracakra meM vizeSa paribhramaNa hotA ho, usa kA nAma pramAdAcaraNa hai / pramAdAcaraNavRtti jaba prabala hotI hai, taba zabda-rUpa-rasa- gandha-sparza viSayoM ke upabhoga kI tIvra cchA hotI hai, aura manuSya tadanusAra kupuruSArtha karatA rahatA hai / (3) tripradAna- hiMsAjanaka zastra astra, mUsala, Ukhala Adi pradAna karanA / ( 4 ) pApakarmopadeza - corI, jArI Adi pApakarmoM ke upAya kisI anya ko batAnA pApakarmopadeza anarthadaNDa hai / isa guNavrata kI rakSA ke lie zastrakAra ne pAMca aticAroM se bacane kA nirdeza kiyA hai- ( 1 ) kandarpa - kAmavikAra utpanna karane vAle vAkyoM kA 4 1 'tattha bhoNao samaNovAsa eNaM paMca aiyArA jANiyavvA, na samAyariyavvA, taM jahA - sacittAhare, sacittapaDibaddhAhAre, appoliosahi bhakkhaNayA duppoliosahibhakkhaNayA, tucchosahibhakkhaNayA / - upAsakadazAMga a0 1 2 tayAnaMtaraM ca NaM aNaThThadaMDaveramaNassa samaNovAsaeNaM paMca aiyArA jANiyavvA, na samAyariyavvA, taM jahA - kaMdappe kukkuie moharie saMjuttA higaraNe uvabhogaparibhogAirite / - upAsaka0 a0 1
Page #596
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 268 | jaina tattvakalikA : aSTama kalikA prayoga karanA yA vaisI ceSTAe~ karanA, jinase kAmotta ejanA paidA ho / (2) kautkucya - bhANDa ( vidUSaka) kI taraha mukhavikArAdi ceSTAe~ karake logoM ko haMsAnA / ( 3 ) maukharya dhRSTatA ke sAtha aMTasaMTa yA asambaddha bolate jAnA / (4) saMyuktAdhikaraNa -- jina upakaraNoM ke saMyoga se kalaha, hiMsA, yuddha Adi hone kI saMbhAvanA ho, unakA saMgraha karanA / jaise - tIra ke sAtha dhanuSa, mUsala ke sAtha Ukhala, phAla ke sAtha hala Adi saMyukta upakaraNoM kA pradAna karanA yA parimANa se adhika saMgraha karanA aticAra hai / (5) upabhoga - paribhogAi rita eapane zarIra evaM parivAra ke upabhoga - paribhoga ke lie Avazyaka vastuoM se adhika saMgraha karanA / gRhastha ko arthadaNDa to lagatA hI hai, kintu anarthadaNDa se use avazya bacanA cAhie / cAra zikSAvrata zikSAvrata use kahate haiM, jinakA bAra-bAra abhyAsa karane se AtmajAgRti yA AtmavikAsa hotA hai / aise zikSAvrata cAra haiM - ( 1 ) sAmAyikavrata, (2) dezAvakA zikavrata, (3) pauSadhopavAsavrata aura ( 4 ) atithisaMvibhAgavrata / (1) sAmAyikavrata rAgadva eSarahita hokara pratyeka padArtha, paristhiti Adi meM samabhAva kA abhyAsa karanA, athavA sAvadyayogoM se virata hokara samatva kA Aya - lAbha prApta karanA sAmAyika hai / zrAvaka ko isa prakAra ke sAmAyikavrata kI kamase kama eka muhUrtta ( 48 minaTa) taka sAdhanA karanI cAhie / sAmAyikavratAcaraNa ke lie 4 vizuddhiyA~ Avazyaka haiM (1) dravyazuddhi - - sAmAyika ke upakaraNa, zarIra, vastra Adi zuddha hoM / (2) kSetrazuddhi -- sAmAyika karane kA sthAna zAnta, ekAnta, gandagI se rahita, zuddha aura kolAhala se rahita ho / (3) kAlazuddhi - yadyapi sAmAyikavrata kisI bhI samaya kiyA jA sakatA hai, kintu jisa samaya sAmAyika meM mana laga sake, sAMsArika cintAoM se vyakti nivRtta ho, aise samaya do haiMprAtaH kAla aura sAyaMkAla / ina donoM samayoM meM sAmAyika sAdhanA karanI cAhie / (4) bhAvazuddhi -- sAmAyika hArdika zuddhabhAvoM se binA kisI phalAkAMkSA, lajjA, bhaya yA pralobhana ke kI jAnI cAhie / bhAvazuddhi ke binA kI huI sAmAyika sAdhanA niSprayojana ho jAtI hai, AtmazuddhirUpa phalaprada nahIM hotI /
Page #597
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ gRhasthadharma-svarUpa | 266 sAmAyikavrata kI surakSA ke lie pA~ca aticAroM se bacanA Avazyaka hai (1) manoduSpraNidhAna-sAmAyika meM mana se burA cintana, azubha yA sAMsArika sAvadyakAryoM kA cintana karanA, (2) vAga duSpraNidhAna-vANI ke prayoga kA dhyAna na rakhanA, sAvadyabhASA bolate rahanA athavA kaThora hiMsaka vacana-prayoga karanA aticAra hai / (3) kAyaduSpraNidhAna--sAmAyika meM kAyA ko sthira na rakhanA, bAra-bAra caMcala banAe rakhanA, kAyA se sAvadha pravRtti yA ceSTAe~ karanA / (4) smRti-akaraNa-sAmAyikakAla . yA sAmAyika sAdhanA kI smRti na rahanA, kyA sAmAyika kA samaya ho gayA hai ? maiMne sAmAyika kI hai yA nahIM ? ityAdi vismRti aticAra hai| (5) anavasthitakaraNa --sAmAyika kA kAla pUrNa hue binA hI sAmAyika pAra lenA, athavA na to samaya para sAmAyika karanA aura na hI usake kAla ko pUrNa karanA / yaha pA~cavA~ aticAra hai|' (2) dezAvakAzikavata yaha dvitIya zikSAkta hai| vAstava meM yaha vrata chaThe vrata kA hI aMza hai| chaThe vrata meM AjIvana chaha dizAoM meM gamana kA parimANa kiyA jAtA hai, parantu isa vrata meM usI parimANa ko saMkSipta-saMkucita kiyA jAtA hai| __ jaise-chaThe vrata meM amuka dizA meM jo kSetra maryAdA kI hai, utanI dUra pratidina jAnA nahIM hotA, ataH pratidina jitanI dUra taka jAne kA kAma par3atA ho, utanI sImA meM kSetra-parimANa kara lenA, isa vrata kA uddezya hai| aisA karane se parimANa kiye hue kSetra meM usakA saMvarabhAva ho jAtA hai; tathA parimANakRta kSetra se bAhara kI koI bhI vastu maMgavAne va bhejane yA kharIdane-becane Adi kA tathA paMcAsravasevana kA tyAga ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra icchAoM kA nirodha karane se Atmika zAnti prApta hotI hai| dezAvakAzikavratadhArI ko nimnokta pA~ca aticAroM kA tyAga karanA cAhie - (1) Anayanaprayoga Avazyaka kArya par3ane para maryAdita kSetra se bAhara kA koI bhI padArtha kisI se maMgavAnA, yaha prathama aticAra (doSa) hai| (2) preSyaprayoga-maryAdita kSetra se bAhara ke kSetra meM vastu ko preSita karanA-bhejanA 1 tayANaMtaraM ca NaM sAmAiyassa samaNovAsaeNaM paMca aiyArA jANiyavvA, na samAya riyavvA, taM jahA-maNaduppaNihANe vayaduppaNihANe kAyaduppaNihANe sAmAiyassa sai akaraNayA sAmAiyasya krnnyaa| -upAsaka0 a0 1
Page #598
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 270 | jaina tattvakalikA : aSTama kalikA bhI aticAra hai / (3) zabdAnupAta - parimANa kI huI bhUmi se bAhara koI anya puruSa jA rahA ho, usa samaya Avazyaka kArya karAne ke lie mukha se khaMkhAra adi zabda karake apanA abhiprAya prakaTa karanA / yaha bhI aticAra hai / (4) rUpAnupAta - dezAvakAzikavrata meM baiThe hue vyakti ke dvArA kisI vyakti se koI kArya karAne kA smaraNa hote hI apanA rUpa dikhalAkara ukta vyakti ko ko bodhita karanA rUpAnupAta nAmaka aticAra hai / (5) pudgalaprakSepa - parimita bhUmi se bAhara kaMkara Adi koI vastu pheMka kara apane manobhAva dUsaroM ko jatAnA bhI aticAra hai / ' ina pAMca aticAroM se isa vrata ke sAdhaka ko bacanA cAhie / (3) paripUrNa pauSadhavrata upavAsa karake ATha pahara vizeSa Atmacintana dharmadhyAna meM vyatIta karanA gyArahavAM poSadhopavAsavrata hai / yaha tRtIya zikSAvrata hai | zrAvaka ko dUja, pA~cama, aSTamI, ekAdazI, caturdazI, amAvasyA yA pUrNimA, ina parva tithiyoM meM sAMsArika kAryoM se nivRtta hokara zuddha vasati (pauSadhazAlA, upAzraya Adi) sthAna meM pauSadhopavAsa karanA cAhie / pauSadha meM cAra prakAra kA tyAga anivArya hotA hai - snAna zrRMgAra, abrahmacarya, AhArAdi evaM sAMsArika vyApArAdi kA tyAga / isa dina sAdhuvRtti meM rahakara apanA samasta samaya, svAdhyAya, dhyAna, Atmacintana Adi meM lagAnA caahie| adhika nahIM ho sake to kama se kama mahIne meM do pauSadhopavAsa to avazya karane hI caahie| isase dravyarogoM ke sAtha-sAtha bhAvarogoM (karmoM) kA bhI nAza hotA hai, karmanirjarA se Atmapradeza nirmala ho jAte haiM, bhUkha ko sahane kI zakti bhI bar3ha jAtI hai / gyArahaveM pauSadhopavAsa ke pA~ca aticAroM ko jAnakara unakA tyAga karanA Avazyaka hai- ( 1 ) apratyavekSita duSpratyavekSita zayyA saMstAraka - pauSadha meM apane zayyA-saMstAraka kA pratilekhana na kiyA ho, kiyA ho to bhalIbhA~ti pratilekhana na kiyA ho, asthira citta se kiyA ho yaha prathama aticAra hai / (2) apratyarekSita- duSpratyavekSita uccAra- prasravaNabhUmi - pauSadha meM uccAra-prasravaNa prati( sthaMDila ) bhUmi kA pratilekhana na kiyA ho, kiyA ho to acchI taraha lekhana na kiyA ho, asthiracitta se kiyA ho to aticAra hai, (3) apramAjitaH 1 tayANaMtaraM ca NaM depAvagAsiyassa samaNovAsaeNaM paMca aiyArA jANiyavvA, na samAyariyavvA, taM jahA - ANavaNappaoge pesavaNappaoge saddANuvAe rUvANuvAe bahiyApuggapakkheve / - upAsakadazAMga a. 1
Page #599
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ gRhasthadharma-svarUpa | 271 duSpramArjita zayyA saMstAraka -- zayyAsaMstAraka kA pramArjana na kiyA ho, kiyA ho to asthiracita se kiyA ho, to aticAra hai, (4) apramArjita -duSpramArjita uccAra prasravaNabhUmi - uccAra-prasravaNabhUmi kA pramArjana na kiyA ho, kiyA ho to asthiracitta se kiyA ho; (5) poSadhopavAsa kI samyak ananupAlanatA - pauSa - dhopavAsa kA samyak prakAra se pAlana na kiyA ho, arthAt - pauSadhopavAsa meM sAMsArika kAryoM ke, khAne-pIne ke saMkalpa-vikalpa utpanna kiye hoM, citta caMcala rakhA ho / ' ina pAMca aticAroM se rahita hokara zuddha pauSadhopavAsavrata kA pAlana karanA cAhie / (4) atithi saMvibhAgavrata yaha zrAvaka kA bArahavA~ vrata hai, aura cauthA zikSAvrata hai | zrAvaka dvArA atithi (jinake Ane kI tithi nizcita nahIM hai, aise utkRSTa atithi sAdhu-sAdhvIvarga, tathA madhyama atithi vratadhArI zrAvakavarga ) ke lie saMvibhAga karanA---yathocita AhArAdi pradAna karanA 'atithisaMvibhAgavrata' hai / jo bhikSAjIvI sAdhusAdhvI haiM, unheM prasannacitta hokara kalpanIya, eSaNIya, nirdoSa AhAra- pAnI, auSadha-bhaiSaja, vastrAdi kI bhikSA dekara lAbha uThAnA, isa vrata kA uddezya hai / isI taraha jo zrAvaka-zrAvikAvarga sAdhusAdhviyoM ke darzanArtha yA svAdhyAya Adi ke prayojana se Ate haiM, ve bhI eka prakAra se madhyama atithi haiM, unakI bhI AhAra- pAnI Adi se sevAbhakti karanA isa vrata ke antargata hai / supAtradAna samajha kara zrAvaka ko catuvidha saMgha kI yathAyogya pratipatti karanI cAhie / bArahaveM atithisaMvibhAgavrata ke pAMca aticAra haiM, jinase bacakara isa vrata kI zuddharUpa se ArAdhanA karanI cAhie - (1) sacita nikSepaNa - sAdhu ko na dene kI buddhi se nirdoSa padArthoM ko sacitta padArthoM para rakha denA, prathama aticAra hai / ( 2) sacittapidhAna - na dene kI nIyata se nirdoSa padArthoM kA sacitta vastu (pAnI ke loTe, hare patta e Adi 1 tayAnaMtaraM ca NaM posahovavAsassa samaNovAsa eNaM paMca aiyArA jANiyavvA na samAyarizvA taM jahA - appaDile hie - duppa Dilehie sijjAsaMthAre, appamajjiya-duppama - jjiya sijjAsaMthAre, apaDile hiya duppaDilehiya uccArapAsavaNabhUmi, appamajjiya duppamajjiya uccArapAsaMvaNabhUmi, posahovavAsassa samma aNaNupAlaNayA / --upAsakadazAMga a0 1
Page #600
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 272 | jaina tattvakalikA : aSTama kalikA se DhAMka denA bhI aticAra hai| (3) kAlAtikrama-bhojana (bhikSA) kA samaya TAlakara anya samaya meM AhAra-pAnI Adi kI vinati karanA / athavA yA to pahale hI banA kara bhojana samApta kara lenA yA bhikSA ke samaya ke pazcAt banAnA / (4) parabyapadeza-na dene kI buddhi se apanI vastu dUsare kI batAnA, tAki sAdhu-sAdhvI usa vastu ko le na sakeM / yaha bhI aticAra hai / (5) matsaratA-amuka gRhastha ne isa prakAra kA, aisA dAna diyA hai, to kyA maiM usase kama hU~, maiM usase bhI bar3hakara sarasa padArtha sAdhu ko dUMgA, isa prakAra asUyA, matsara bhAva yA ahaMkArapUrvaka dAna denA, pA~cavA~ aticAra hai|' isa vrata kI zuddha ArAdhanA ke lie ina pAMcoM aticAroM kA tyAga karanA Avazyaka hai| zrAvaka ke tIna manoratha zAstrakAroM ne batAyA hai ki zrAvaka ko apanA jIvana sArthaka banAne aura karmoM kI mahAnirjarA karake saMsAra kA anta karane ke lie tIna manoratha (bhAvanA) pratidina karanA cAhie (1) kaba maiM alpa yA bahuta parigraha kA tyAga (dAna) karUMgA / kyoMki gRhastha kA mukhya dharma dAna karanA hai| dhArmika kAryoM meM dhana kA sadupayoga karanA gRhastha kA mukhya kartabya hai| (2) kaba maiM saMsArapakSa-gRhasthavAsa ko chor3akara muNDita hokara AgAradharma se anagAradharma meM pravajita-dIkSita houuNgaa| gahasthAzrama meM rahakara zAnti kA mArga prApta karanA AsAna nahIM hai, kintu munivRtti meM zAnti kI prApti anAyAsa evaM zIghra ho sakatI hai / ataH munivRtti dhAraNa karane kI bhAvanA sadaiva rakhanI caahie| (3) kaba maiM zuddha antaHkaraNa se saba jIvoM se kSamAyAcanA karake maitrIbhAva dhAraNa karake AhAra-pAnI (bhakta) kA pratyAkhyAna (tyAga) karake samAdhipUrvaka pAdapopagamana anazanavrata dhAraNa karake kAla kI icchA na karatA huA vicaraNa kruuNgaa| arthAt-apazcima mAraNAntika saMllekhanA karake zuddhabhAvoM se samAdhimaraNa prApta kruuNgaa| mana, vacana, kAyA se isa prakAra kI tIna bhAvanA (manoratha) karatA 1 tayANaMtaraM ca NaM ahAsaMvibhAgassa samaNovAsaeNaM paMca aiyArA jANiyavvA, na samA yariyavvA, taM jahA-sacittanimkhevaNa yA sacittapihANayA kAlAikkame parovaese mcchriyaa| -upAsakadazAMga a0 1
Page #601
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ gRhasthadharma-svarUpa | 273 huA, pratikSaNa jAgRta zramaNopAsaka mahAnirjarA kara letA hai, saMsArasAgara kA anta kara detA hai| apazcima-mAraNAntika saMlekhanA-jogNA-ArAdhanAvata ___ bArahaveM vrata ke pazcAt zrAvaka ko mRtyu kA samaya nikaTa Ane para sarvajIvoM se vairabhAva chor3akara, apane pUrvakRta pApoM kA AlocanA-nindanAgarhaNA aura prAyazcittapUrvaka AtmazuddhIkaraNa karane tathA samAdhimaraNa ke lie saMllekhanA-saMthArA (AjIvana anazana) grahaNa karanA caahie| . isa vrata ke bhI pAMca aticAra haiM, jo jAnane yogya haiM, kintu AcaraNa karane yogya nahIM-(1) ihalokAzaMsa-prayoga-anazanagrahaNa karane para AkAMkSA karanA ki maiM marakara isI loka meM ibhyaseTha, mantrI yA rAjA Adi banUM, (2) paralokAzaMsaprayoga-mara kara maiM deva, indra Adi Adi bana jaauuN| (3) jIvitAzaMsaprayoga-adhika jIUM to acchA hai, kyoMki merI yazokIrti bar3ha rahI hai, (4) maraNAzaMsaprayoga-isa kaSTa bhogane kI apekSA athavA yazokIti na hone ke karaNa jaldI hI mara jAU~ to acchA ! (5) kAma bhogAzaMsaprayogaathavA marane para devoM evaM manuSyoM ke kAmabhoga mujhe prApta hoM, aisA nidAna krnaa| .saMllekhanA saMthArA (anazana) ke ye pAMca aticAra haiM, inakA tyAga karane se hI zuddha samAdhimaraNa prApta ho sakatA hai| ina bAraha vratoM ko zrAvaka apanI yogyatA, zakti aura kSamatA ke anusAra grahaNa karatA hai / zrAvakoM ko grahaNa-zakti apekSA se inake 46 bhAMge hote haiN| jaba zrAvaka ina vratoM ke paripAlana meM dRr3ha ho jAtA hai, zuddha rUpa se 1 tihi ThANehi samaNovAsate mahAnijjare mahApajjavasANe bhavati, taM jahA-kayANa mahamappaM vA bahuyaM vA pariggaraM paricaissAmi 1 kayANaM ahaM muDe bhavittA AgArAto aNagAriyaM pavvaissAmi 2 kayANaM aha apacchima-mAraNaMtiya saMlehaNAjhUsaNA-jhUsite bhattapANapaDiyAtikkhate pAovagate kAlaM aNavakaMkhamANe viharissAmi3, evaM samaNasA savayasA sakAyasA pAgaDemANe jAgaremANe samaNovAsate mahAnijjare mahApajjavasANe bhavati / -- sthAnAMga sthA0 3 u.4 sU0210 2 tayANaMtaraM ca NaM apacchimamAraNaMtiyasalehaNAjhUsaNArAhaNAe paMca aiyArA jANi yavvA, na samAyariyavvA, taM jahA-ihalogAsaMsappaoge, paralogAsaMsappaoge, jIviyAsaMsappaoge, maraNAsaMsappaoge, kaambhogaasNsppoge|-upaaskdshaaNg a0 1
Page #602
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 274 | jainatattvakalikA : aSTama kalikA pAlana karane kA abhyAsI ho jAtA hai to vaha Age bar3hakara pratimA grahaNa karatA hai / pratimA kA artha hai - dRDhatApUrvaka niyama pAlana / ye 11 haiM (1) darzana pratimA, (2) vratapratimA, (3) sAmAyika pratimA ( 4 ) pauSadha pratimA, (5) niyama pratimA, (6) brahmacarya pratimA, (7) sacitta tyAga pratimA, (8) Arambha tyAga pratimA, (8) preSya parityAga pratibhA, (10) uddiSTa tyAga pratimA aura (11) zramaNabhUta pratimA / zrAvakoM ke jaghanya, madhyama aura utkRSTa tIna bheda kiye gaye haiM, unameM pratimAdhArI zrAvaka utkRSTa hote haiM / ye sabhI mokSamArga ke sAdhaka aura mokSa kI ora prati pragati karane vAle hote haiM / isa prakAra zrAvaka dharma- agAradharma kA samyak rUpa se pAlana karake tathA jIvana ke anta meM saMlekhanA kI sAdhanA dvArA zrAvaka samAdhimaraNa karatA hai aura apane karmoM ke bandhana ko zithila karake, nirjarA karatA hai / isa patha para bar3hatA huA eka dina sampUrNa karmoM kA kSaya karake mokSa prApta kara letA hai /
Page #603
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 25 16 10 ta va ka li kA pramANa naya svarUpa pramANavAda : bhedopabheda nayavAda : naya ke bhedopabheda saptanaya varNana nikSapavAda : nikSa epa varNana syAdvAda : anekAntavAda saptabhaMgI varNana 115 10 15 va ma 18 ka kA
Page #604
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Page #605
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ navama kalikA samyagjJAna ke sandarbha meM pramANa-naya svarUpa kevalajJAna sarvotkRSTa jJAna hai| zeSa jJAna yatkiJcit AvaraNAtmaka haiM / kintu eka jJAna aisA hai, jo kevalajJAna ke nikaTa pahu~cA sakatA hai, vaha hai-zrutajJAna / zrutajJAna kI upalabdhi mukhyatayA do mAdhyamoM se hotI haiAgama se aura pramANa-nayAdi se| Agama se AptasarvajJapuruSa-kathita jJAna usa prApta ho sakatA hai, kintu alpajJa puruSa kA jJAna AvRta hone ke kAraNa vaha sarvajJokta jJAna kA pUrA-pUrA nirNaya nahIM kara pAtA, unake dvArA batAe gaye zabdoM kA artha yahI hai yA aura kucha ? isakA yathArtha jJAna nahIM kara sktaa| isalie una jinokta tattvabhUta padArthoM ke jJAna ke lie pramANoM aura nayoM' kA sahArA lenA usake lie Avazyaka hotA hai kyoMki inake binA vaha Agamokta zabdoM-siddhAntoM kA hArda nahIM samajha sakatA na hI hRdayaMgama kara sakatA hai| ataH isa kalikA meM pramANavAda, nayavAda, anekAntavAda Adi mahattvapUrNa siddhAntoM kI hama carcA kreNge| pramANavAda pramANa zabda kI tIna vyAkhyAe~ kramazaH dRSTigocara hotI haiM-(1) jo pramA (jo vastu jaisI hai, use vaisI hI mAnanA) kA karaNaM-nikaTatama sAdhana hai| (2) prakarSa rUpa se--saMzaya-viparyaya-anadhyavasAyadoSa rahita hokara vastutattva kA yathArtha jJAna pramANa haiN| (3) svara-para-vyavasAyi jJAna pramANa hai| 1 pramANanayairadhigamaH -tattvArtha0 116 2 'pramAyAH karaNaM pramANam' 3 'prakarSaNa-saMzayAdivyavacchedena mIyate-paricchidyate-jJAyate vastutattvaM yena tatpramANam / -pramANanayatattvAloka 4 'sva-para-vyavasAyi jJAnaM pramANam' -pramANanayatattvAloka
Page #606
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 276 | jaina tattvakalikA : navama kalikA ina tInoM kA phalitArtha yaha hai ki saMzaya, viparyaya aura anadhyavasAya Adi doSoM se rahita sva para artha kA samyak nizcaya karane vAlA jJAna pramANa hai / pramANa kA phala pramANa kA sAkSAt phala ajJAna kI nivRtti hai, kevalajJAna kA phala sukha aura upekSA hai / zeSa jJAnoM kA phala grahaNa aura tyAgabuddhi hai / " satya jJAna hone para sandeha, bhrama, mUr3hatA Adi dUra ho jAte haiM aura vastu kA yathArtha svarUpa jJAta hotA hai / pramANa ke AdhAra para vastu kA yathArtha jJAna hone para yadi vaha vastu nirdoSa - iSTa ho to use grahaNa. karane kI aura sadoSa - aniSTa ho to usakA tyAga karane kI buddhi jAgRta. hotI hai / pramANa ke bheda-prabheda pramANa kI saMkhyA ke viSaya meM dArzanikoM kA mata bhinna-bhinna hai / jainadarzana ne mukhya do hI pramANa mAne haiM- pratyakSa aura parokSa / ina do bhedoM pramANa ke sabhI bhedoM kA samAveza ho jAtA hai / pratyakSa pramANa - yathArthatA ke kSetra meM pratyakSa aura parokSa donoM kA sthAna samAna hai, nyUnAdhika nahIM / donoM apane-apane viSaya meM samAna bala rakhate haiM | parantu sAmarthya kI dRSTi se donoM meM antara hai / pratyakSa jJaptikAla meM svatantra hotA hai; jabaki parokSa sAdhana paratantra / phalataH pratyakSa kA padArtha ke sAtha avyavahita- sAkSAt sambandha hotA hai, aura parokSa kA vyavahita, arthAt - anya mAdhyamoM ke dvArA hotA hai / jainAcAryoM ne lokadRSTi kA samanvaya karane hetu pratyakSa ke do bheda kiye - sAMvyavahArika (indriya pratyakSa ) aura pAramArthika ( Atma) pratyakSa | pAramArthika pratyakSa ke do bheda haiM - sakala (kevalajJAna) pratyakSa aura vikala (nokevalajJAna) pratyakSa / vikala pratyakSa ko punaH do bheda haiM - avadhi aura manaHparyAya | sAMvyavahArika yA indriya- anindriya pratyakSa ke cAra bheda haiM - avagraha, hA, avAya aura dhAraNA / indriya, mana athavA pramANAntara kI sahAyatA ke binA AtmA ko 1 pramANasya phalaM sAkSAdjJAna nivartanam / kevalasya sukhopekSA, zeSasyAdAnahAnadhI // - zlokavArtika 28
Page #607
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ pramANa-naya-svarUpa | 277 padArtha kA jo sAkSAt jJAna hotA hai, use Atma-pratyakSa pAramArthika pratyakSa yA no-indriyapratyakSa kahate haiN| indriya aura mana kI sahAyatA se jo jJAna hotA hai, vaha indriyoM ke lie pratyakSa aura AtmA ke lie parokSa hai / ataH use indriya-pratyakSa athavA sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa kahate haiN| trikAlavartI prameya mAtra kevalajJAna kA viSaya banatA hai, ataH use sakala pratyakSa aura amuka bhAga jo avadhi aura manaHparyAyajJAna kA viSaya banatA hai, use vikala-pratyakSa kahate haiN| pratyakSa kA pratibhAsa hone meM pramANAntara kI AvazyakatA nahIM rahatI, athavA 'yaha' aisA spaSTa pratibhAsa hotA hai| arthAt-pratyakSa vaizadyayukta hotA hai|' parokSapramANa-jisameM vaizadya (ukta prakAradvaya kA) arthAt-spaSTatA kA abhAva ho, vaha parokSapramANa kahalAtA hai| pratyakSa ko anya kisI pramANa kI sahAyatA kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotii| ataH vaha pUrNa hai kintu anumAna, Agama Adi pramANa pUrNa nahIM, kyoMki unakA AdhAra pratyakSa hai| parokSapramANa ke bheda-prabheda - parokSapramANa ke 5 bheda haiM-(1) smRti, (2) pratyabhijJAna, (3) tarka, (4) anumAna aura (5) Agama / smRti-pUrva saMskAra, vAsanA yA anubhUti kA udbodhana honA, anubhUta vastu kA smaraNa honA 'smRti' hai| smRti atItakAlIna padArtha ko apanA viSaya banAtI hai| usameM 'tat' (vaha) zabda kA ullekha avazya hotA hai| pratyabhijJAna--darzana (pratyakSa) aura smaraNa se utpanna hone vAle saMkalanAtmaka jJAna ko pratyabhijJAna kahate haiN| jaise--'yaha vahI manuSya hai, jise maiMne kala dekhA thaa|' yahA~ vartamAna meM manuSya pratyakSa hai, usameM gata divasa kA smaraNa hai| - pratyabhijJAna ke aneka bheda haiM--ekatva pratyabhijJAna, sAdRzya pratyabhijJAna, aura vaisAdRzya pratyabhijJAna Adi / 1 vizadaH pratyakSam / -pramANamImAMsA 1 / 1 / 33 2 aspaSTaM parokSam / -pramANanayatattvAloka 3 / 1 3 darzana-smaraNasambhavaM tadevedaM tatsadRzaM tadvilakSaNa tatpratiyogItyAdisaMkalanaM pratyabhijJAnam / -pra0 mI0 1 / 2 / 4
Page #608
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 278 | jaina tattvakalikA : navama kalikA ekatvapratyabhijJAna kA udAharaNa Upara A cUkA hai / sAdRzyapratyabhijJAna, yathA-'isakI A~kheM mRga-sI haiM' yahA~ eka vastu pratyakSa hai aura dUsarI parokSa hai| vaisAdRzya pratyabhijJAna, yathA-ghor3A hAthI se bhinna hai| isameM ghor3A pratyakSa hai, aura hAthI parokSa hai| kisI ko pahicAnanA bhI pratyabhijJAna hai| kyoMki usameM usake pUrva cihnoM kA smaraNa hotA hai| kucha loga sAdRzya pratyabhijJAna ke badale 'upamAna' zabda kA prayoga karate haiN| parantu upamAna meM pratyabhijJAna ke sabhI bhedoM kA samAveza nahIM hotaa| ___ (3) tarka-eka vastu kA anya vastu ke sAtha avazyambhAvo-arthAt-- avinAbhAvI sambandha vyApti kahalAtA hai / usake AdhAra para jJAna honA tarka hai / jisameM sAdhya ke sadbhAva meM sAdhaka (liMga) ho aura sAdhya ke asadbhAva meM sAdhaka na ho, usakA sambandha avinAbhAva mAnA jAtA hai / ise anvayavyatireka bhI kahate haiN| jahA~ agni (sAdhya) hotI hai, vahA~ dhuA (sAdhaka) hotA hai| aisA vikalpa honA anvayavyApti hai, aura jahA~ agni (sAdhya) na ho, vahA~ dhuA (sAdhaka) nahIM hotA, aisA vikalpa honA vyatireka vyApti hai| jaise-rasoIghara meM agni dekhI, sAtha hI usameM se dhuMA nikalatA dekhA, yaha anvaya vyApti hai / phira tAlAba meM agni na hone se dhuA na dekhA yaha vyatireka vyApti hai| vahA~ se punaH rasoIghara meM Ane para agni meM se dhuA nikalatA dekhaa| usase nizcaya huA ki agni kAraNa hai, aura dhUmra kArya hai| isa prakAra kA upalambhAnupalambha-sambandhI sarvopasaMhAra karane vAlA vicAra tarka kI koTi meM AtA hai| ina sabako pRSThabhUmi meM 'jaba-jaba jahA~jahA~ dhuA ho, vahA~-vahA~ taba-taba agni avazya hotI hai, usI kA nAma tarka yA Uha hai| (4) anumAna-sAdhana dvArA sAdhya kA jo jJAna hotA hai, yaha anumAna hai| isake do bheda hai-svArtha aura parArtha / ' apanI hI samajha ke lie hRdaya meM sAdhana aura vyApti ke smaraNa dvArA jo anumAna kiyA jAtA hai, vaha svArthAnumAna aura anya ko samajhAne ke lie anumAnaprayoga prastuta karake 1 (ka) sAdhanAt sAdhyavijJAnamanumAnam / -pramANamImAMsA 1 / 27 (kha) amAnaM dvi prakAraM svArtha parArthaJca / -pramANanayatattvAloka 66
Page #609
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ pramANa-naya-svarUpa | 276 use anumAnajJAna prApta karavAnA parArthAnumAna hai| yahA~ kAraNa meM kArya kA upacAra karake svArthAnumAna ko hI parArthAnumAna kahA jAtA hai / vAstava meM hai to vaha svArthAnumAna hii| sAdhana aura vyApti ke smaraNa dvArA anumAna kisa prakAra hotA hai ? ise samajha leM-kisI sthala para dhuA dekhA / use dekhate hI dhuMe aura agni ko vyapti hone kA smaraNa haa| arthAt-'jahA~ dhuA ho, vahA~ agni avazya hotI hai|' isa para se yahA~ bhI agni honI cAhie; aisA usane anumAna lgaayaa| ___ sAta hetu-sAdhana ko hetu bhI kahate haiN| vaha sAta prakAra kA hai--(1) kArya (2) svabhAva, (3) kAraNa, (4) ekArthasamavAyI (sahacara) (5) virodhI, (6) pUrvacara aura (7) uttrcr| (1) kArya vizeSa dekhakara kAraNa kA anumAna karane meM kAryarUpa hetu hotA hai / jaise--yaha parvata agnivAlA hai, dhUma hone se| (2) kAraNa dekhakara kArya kA anumAna lagAnA-kAraNasAdhana hai| jaise ghUmate hue cAka para miTTI kA piDa car3hA huA dekhakara kahanA-abhI koI bartana bnegaa| . (3) eka artha meM do yA adhika kAryoM kA sAtha honA ekArtha-samavAya hai| eka hI phala meM rUpa aura rasa sAtha-sAtha rahate haiN| ataH phUla meM rUpa dekha kara rasa yA rasa dekhakara rUpa kA anumAna karanA; ekArthasamavAyI sAdhana hai| ise sahacara sAdhana bhI kahate haiN| (5) svabhAva-vastu kA svabhAva hI jahA~ sAdhana banatA ho, vaha svabhAva-sAdhana hai / jaise--'agni jalAtI hai, kyoMki vaha dahana (uSNa) svabhAva vAlI hai|' ... (5) virodhI sAdhana-kisI virodhI bhAva para se vastu ke abhAva kA anumAna karanA virodhI sAdhana hai / jaise--yahA~ dayA nahIM, kyoMki hiMsA ho rahI hai / athavA yahA~ hiMsA kA abhAva hai, kyoMki sabhI dayAlu haiN| (6) pUrvacara hetu-jahA~ kisI se pUrvavartI nakSatra kA udaya ho cukA ho, vahA~ pUrvacara sAdhana hai / jaise-rohiNI kA udaya hogA, kyoMki kRttikA kA udaya hone se kRttikA nakSatra rohiNI kA pUrvavartI hai| (7) uttaracara hetu-jahA~ kisI se uttaravartI nakSatra kA udaya dekhakara pUrvavartI nakSatra kA anumAna lagAnA uttaracara hai / jaise-bharaNI kA udaya ho cukA hai, kRttikA kA udaya hone se / bharaNI se kRttikA uttaravartI hai|
Page #610
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 280 | jaina tattvakalikA : navama kalikA parArthAnumAna ke avayava jaina dArzanika tIbra buddhi puruSa ko samajhAne ke lie pakSa (pratijJA) aura hetU, do avayavoM ho hI paryApta samajhate haiM, parantu manda buddhi ko samajhAne ke lie pAMca avayavoM taka kA prayoga svIkAra karate haiN| ve isa prakAra haiM (i) pratijJA yA pakSa-jisa vastu ko hama siddha karanA cAhate haiM, usakA prathama nirdeza karanA pratijJA yA pakSa hai / jaise-isa parvata meM agni hai / (ii) hetu-sAdhana ko darzAne vAlA vacana hetu hai / jaise-kyoMki isameM dhuA hai| (iii) udAharaNa hetu ko bhalIbhAMti samajhAne ke lie dRSTAnta kA prayoga karanA udAharaNa hai| jaise - jahA~-jahA~ dhuA hotA hai, vahA~-vahA~ agni hotI hai, yathA-rasoIghara / yaha sAdharmya udAharaNa hai| jahA~ agni na ho, vahA~ dhuA nahIM hotA, jaise-jalAzaya meN| yaha vaidharmya udAharaNa hai| (iv) upanaya-hetu kA dharmoM meM upasaMhAra karanA upanaya hai| jisameM sAdhya rahatA ho, vaha dharmI kahalAtA hai| jaise-'isa parvana meM agni kA avinAbhAvI dhuA hai|' (v) nigamana-pratijJA ke samaya jisa sAdhya kA nirdeza kiyA ho, use. upasaMhAra ke rUpa meM punaH kahanA nigamana hai| jaise-'isalie yahA~ agni hai|' (vi) Agama--Apta-puruSoM ke vacana se utpanna hone vAle arthasaMvedana ko 'Agama' kahate haiN|' tattva ko yathArtharUpa se jAnane aura usakA yathArtha nirUpaNa karane vAle tathA rAgadveSAdi doSoM ke sampUrNa nAzaka tIrthaMkara Apta puruSa haiN| unake vacana se jo jJAna hotA hai, vaha Agama kahalAtA hai| upacAra se tIrthaMkaroM ke vacana-saMgraha ko bhI Agama kahate haiN| AptapuruSa ke vacana prAmANya ke lie kisI hetu kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI, vaha svayaM pramANa hai| nayavAda eka prazna : eka samAdhAna--yahA~ prazna hotA hai ki yadi padArtha kA svarUpa pramANa dvArA jAnA sakatA hai to phira naya kI kyA AvazyakatA hai| isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki pramANa ke dvArA padArtha kA samagra (sAmAnya-vizeSAtmaka) rUpa se bodha hotA hai, kyoMki akhaNDa vastu pramANa kA viSaya hai, jabaki naya kA viSaya usa vastu kA eka aMza hai / naya ke dvArA padArtha kA aMzarUpa se bodha hotA hai| jJAna-prApti ke lie ye donoM hI Avazyaka haiN| jaise - 1 AptavacanAvibhUtamarthasaMvedanamAgamaH / -pramANanayatattvAloka 41
Page #611
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ pramANa -naya-svarUpa | 281 gAya ko dekhakara hamane jAnA ki yaha gAya hai / yaha gAya kA samagra rUpa se bodha huA / ataH yaha pramANa kA rUpa hai / kintu yaha raktavarNa gAya hai, zarIra se puSTa hai, do bachar3oM vAlI hai, acchA dUdha detI hai, yaha svabhAva kI acchI hai / ina pA~ca viSayoM kA jJAna naya se huA / naya kI vyAkhyA nyAyAvatAra TIkA meM naya kI vyAkhyA isa prakAra kI hai - 'ananta - dharmoM ke sambandha vAlI vastu ko apane abhipreta (abhISTa ) eka viziSTa dharma kI ora jo le jAya yA viziSTa dharma ko prApta karAe, vaha naya hai / ' eka satya ke aneka rUpa hote haiM / aneka rUpoM kI ekatA aura eka kI anekarUpatA hI satya hai / usakI vyAkhyA kA jo sAdhana hai, vahI naya hai / eka ho vastu meM vibhinna apekSAoM se vibhinna dharmoM kA adhyAsa (sambandha ) hai aura aisI apekSAe~ ananta haiM / phira vyakti sadA padArtha ko eka hI dRSTi se nahIM dekhatA / deza, kAla aura paristhitiyoM kA parivartana hone para draSTA kI dRSTi meM parivartana hotA hai / vaktA kA jhukAva vastu ke ananta dharmoM meM se jisa dharma kI ora hogA, vaha usa dharma ko mukhya rUpa se grahaNa karegA tathA zeSa aMzoM ke sambandha meM mAdhyasthyabhAva grahaNa karegA / arthAt - vastu ke aneka aMzoM se eka aMza ko mukhya aura zeSa aMzoM ko gauNa rakhanA- unake prati udAsInatA rakhanA, naya hai / " nayavAda kA rahasya yaha hai satya ke ananta dharma hote haiM / ataH dUsare vyakti ko kathana ko bhI usakI apekSA - abhiprAya se satyapremI ke lie abhISTa hai / naya ke prakAra naya kisI bhI eka apekSA kA avalambana letA hai / vaisI apekSA pratyeka vyakti yA pratyeka vacana ke lie pRthak-pRthak hotI hai / isIlie sanmati tarka meM kahA hai-. anekarUpa hote haiM, vastu meM bhI sahasA jhUThA na batAkara usake samajhane kA prayatna karanA hI 1 anantadharmAdhyAsitaM vastu svAbhipretekadharmaviziSTaM nayati--prApayati, saMvedanamArotIti nayaH / -nyAyAvatAra TIkA 2 nIyate yena zrutAkhya pramANaviSayIkRtasyAMzastaditarAMzIdAsInataH sa pratipatturabhi - pAyavizeSA nayaH / - pra0 na0 ta0
Page #612
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 282 | jaina tattvakalikA : navama kalikA jAvaiyA vayaNapahA tAvaiyA ceva huMti nayavAyA'--jitane bhI vacanapatha haiM, utane hI nayavAda haiN| isa dRSTi se nayoM ke agaNita prakAra haiM / parantu yahA~ nayoM ke mukhya prakAroM para vicAra karanA hai| pratyeka naya vacana dvArA prakaTa kiyA jA sakatA hai| ataH naya ko upacAra se vacanAtmaka bhI kaha sakate haiN| vacanavyavahAra ke anantamArga haiM, kintu unake varga ananta nahIM haiN| unake maulika varga do haiM-bhedaparaka aura abhedprk| bheda aura abheda-ye donoM padArtha ke bhinnAbhinna dharma hai| nayavAda bheda aura abheda, ina do vastudharmoM para TikA haA hai, kyoMki vastu bheda aura abheda ko samaSTi hai / svatantra abheda bhI satya nahIM aura svatantra bheda bhI satya nahIM hai, kintu sApekSa bhedaabheda kA saMvalita rUpa satya hai| . . isa apekSA se naya do prakAra kA kahA jA sakatA hai-bhAvanaya aura dravyanaya / jJAnAtmaka naya bhAvanaya aura vacanAtmaka naya dravyanaya hai| sabhI naya apane lie bodhakarUpa hone para jJAnanaya aura dUsare ko bodhakarUpa hone para zabdanaya hai| __ satya ko parakhane kI do dRSTiyA~ haiM-dravyadRSTi aura paryAyadRSTi / satya ke donoM rUpa sApekSa hone se ye bhI sApekSa haiN| isalie naya ke mukhya do prakAra banate haiM -dravyAthika aura paryAyAthika / dravya ko-mUla vastu ko lakSya meM lene vAlA dravyAthika aura paryAya ko-rUpAntaroM ko svIkAra karane vAlA paryAyAthika kahalAtA hai| dravyadaSTipradhAna dravyAthikanaya meM abheda kA svIkAra hai, jabaki paryAyadRSTipradhAna paryAyArthika naya meM bheda kA svIkAra hai| dravyadaSTi meM paryAyaSTi kA gauNarUpa aura paryAyadaSTi meM dravyadRSTi kA gauNarUpa antahita hogaa| bhedaabheda kA yaha vicAra AdhyAtmika dRSTiparaka hai| vastuvijJAna kI daSTi se vastu dravya-paryAyAtmaka hai, isake AdhAra para do daSTiyA~ banatI haiM, jinheM kramazaH nizcayanaya aura vyavahAra naya kahA jA sakatA hai| nizcaya meM vastusthiti kA svIkAra aura vyavahAra meM sthUlaparyAya kA yA lokasammata tathyA kA svIkAra hai| nizcayanaya kI daSTi se jIva 1 sanmatitarka 3 / 47 2. 'goyamA ! ettha do nayA bhavaMti, taM jahA-Necchaiyanae ya vavahArieya nae ya / ' -bhagavatI 18 / 110
Page #613
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ pramANa-naya-svarUpa | 283 avarNa (amUrta) hai, jabaki vyavahAranaya kI dRSTi se savarNa (mUrta) hai| jIva vastutaH amUrta hone se varNayukta nahIM hotA, yaha vAstavika satya hai| zarIradhArI jIva kathaMcit mUta (zarIra mUta hone se) hotA hai, jIva usase kathaMcit abhinna hai, isalie vaha savarNa bhI hai, yaha aupacArika satya hai| ___'bhauMrA pAMcoM vargoM kA hai' yaha pUrNa tathyokti hai, kyoMki bhauMre kA koI kA koI bhAga zyAma, koI bhAga lAla, nolA, harA, zveta Adi vibhinna raMgoM vAlA hotA hai| nizcaya kI daSTi sAdhya kI ora aura vyavahAra kI daSTi sAdhana kI ora hotI hai| ina donoM dRSTiyoM ke mela se hI kArya siddhi hotI hai / nizcaya ko ekAntarUpa se mAnane aura vyavahAra kA lopa karane para sabhI dhArmika kriyAe~, dharmAnuSThAna, dharmasaMgha-vyavasthA Adi nirarthaka siddha hotI haiM aura nizcaya kA lopa karake kevala vyavahAra ko hI mAnane para paramArtha kI prApti nahIM hotI aura kAryasiddhi asambhava hai| .. naya ke anya prakAra se bhI varga kiye jA sakate haiN| jaise-jAnanaya . aura kriyAnaya / jo jJAna ko mukti kA sAdhana rUpa mAne, vaha jAnanaya aura jo kriyA ko mukti kA sAdhana rUpa mAne vaha kriyAnaya / - abhiprAya vyakta karane ke sAdhana do haiM--(1) artha aura (2) zabda / inake AdhAra para naya ke do vibhAga hote haiM--arthanaya aura zandanaya / artha ke do prakAra haiM -sAmAnya aura vizeSa / isake AdhAra para naya ke cAra vibhAga hote haiM---naMgama, saMgraha, vyavahAra aura Rjusuutr|| (1) naigamanaya-nigama arthAt lok| usake vyavahAra kA anusaraNa karane vAlA naya naigama / athavA jo vastu ko sAmAnya-vizeSarUpa aneka pramANoM se mAne-grahaNa kare vaha naigama / yA jisake jAnane kA eka 'gama'bodhamArga nahIM, aneka gama haiM, vaha naigama hai / naigamanaya sarvavastuoM ko sAmAnya aura vizeSa donoM dharmoM se yukta mAnatA hai| usakA kahanA hai--vizeSa ke binA sAmAnya nahIM hotA tathA sAmAnya ke binA vizeSa nahIM hotA, phira bhI yaha naya sAmAnya aura vizeSa donoM dharmoM ko paraspara sarvathA bhinna mAnatA hai| ataH yaha pramANajJAnarUpa nahIM bntaa| naigamanaya ke udAharaNa-kisI manuSya se pUchA jAe ki tuma kahA~ rahate ho? isa para vaha kahatA hai- 'loka meM / '
Page #614
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 284 | jaina tattvakalikA : navama kalikA 'loka meM kahA~ ?' 'madhyaloka meN| 'madhyaloka meM kahA~ ? 'jambUdvIpa meM / ' 'jambUdvIpa meM kahA~ ?' 'bharatakSetra meN| 'bharatakSetra meM kahA~ ?' _ ' 'magadhadeza meN|' 'magadhadeza meM kahA~ ? 'rAjagRhI nagarI meN|' 'rAjagRho nagarI meM kahA~ ?' 'nAlaMdA-vAsa meM / ' 'nAlandAvAsa meM kahA~ ?' 'apane ghara meM / nivAsa ke sambandha meM ye sAre uttara naigamanaya ke haiN| unameM pUrva-pUrva ke vAkya sAmAnya dharma ko aura uttaravartI vAkya vizeSa dharma ko grahaNa karate jAte haiN| ___naigamanaya ke tIna prakAra haiM-bhUtanagama, bhaviSyanagama aura vartamAna naigm| bhUtakAla ke sambandha meM vartamAnakAla kA AropaNa karanA bhUtanagama hai / jaise--'Aja dIpAvalI ke dina bhagavAn mahAvIra svAmI mokSa pdhaare|' bhagavAn mahAvIra ko nirvANa prApta kiye 2500 varSa se adhika ho gae, phira bhI 'Aja' zabda ke prayoga se usameM vartamAna kAla kA AropaNa kiyA gayA hai| bhaviSyakAla ke viSaya meM vartamAna kAla kA AropaNa karanA bhaviSyanaMgama hai / jaise-jo arhanta haiM, ve siddha; jo samyaktvadhAraka haiM ve mukta / yahA~ arhanta abhI dehadhArI haiM, abhI taka siddha hue nahIM, parantu ve dehamukta hone para avazya hI siddha hoMge, isa nizcaya se, 'jo hone vAlA hai, usameM 'hae' kA Aropa karanA bhaviSyanaigama hai| kisI vastu ko banAnA prArambha kareM, aura vaha amuka aMza taka ho gaI ho aura amuka aMza meM na haI ho, phira bhI kahanA ki hotI hai, athavA jo hotI hai, use kahanA ki 'ho gaI'--yaha vartamAnanagama kahalAtA hai| eka vyakti bambaI jAne ke lie ravAnA huA, phira bhI kahA jAtA hai ki 'bambaI gyaa|' vastra jalanA zurU huA, phira bhI kahA jAtA hai-vastra jlaa| ye saba vartamAna naigama ke vAkya haiN| (2) saMgrahanaya-pratyeka vastu meM sAmAnya aura vizeSa dharma rahe hue haiN| usameM vizeSa ko gauNa karake jo sAmAnya ko pradhAnatA de, vaha saMgrahanaya kahalAtA hai| hindI vyAkaraNa meM jise 'jAtivAcaka' zabda kahate haiM, ve saba isI prakAra ke haiN| jaise--'bhojana' zabda kahane se roTI, sAga, dAla, bhAta,
Page #615
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ pramANa -naya-svarUpa | 285 dUdha Adi aneka vastuoM kA saMgraha hotA hai ataH 'bhojana' saMgrahanaya kA zabda hai / isI taraha senA, vRkSa, pazu, pakSI Adi saba saMgrahanaya ke zabda haiM / isa naya ke do prakAra haiM- sAmAnyasaMgraha, vizeSa saMgraha | jo sarva dravya-guNa-paryAya ko grahaNa kare, vaha sAmAnyasaMgraha hai / yathA-- 'sat' / isI prakAra jo sarvadravyoM ko grahaNa kare, vaha bhI sAmAnyasaMgraha hai / jaise- - dravya / dravya kahane se jIva, ajIva Adi dravya kA hI saMgraha hotA hai, isa prakAra jo amuka dravya kA saMgraha kare, vaha vizeSasaMgraha hai / jIvadravya kahane se sabhI jIvoM kA samAveza ho jAtA hai; parantu ajIvAdi dravya raha jAte haiM | saMgrahanaya 'sAmAnya' ko hI pradhAnatA detA hai / (3) vyavahAranaya-vastu ke sAmAnyadharma ko gauNa karake jo vizeSadharma kohI pradhAnatA detA hai, vaha vyavahAranaya kahalAnA hai / udAharaNArtha - vyavahAranaya dravya ke chaha prakAra mAnatA hai, tathA pratyeka ke uttara-bheda-prabheda batAtA jAtA hai / jaise - dravya ke 6 bheda dharma, adharma, AkAza, kAla, pudgala aura jIva / inameM se jIva ke do bheda - siddha aura saMsArI / phira saMsArI ke do bhedatrasa aura sthAvara / trasa ke dvIndriya, trondriya, caturindriya aura paMcendriya, yoM 4 bheda | paMcendriya ke cAra bheda - nAraka, tiryaJca manuSya aura deva | isa taraha sthAvara ke 5 bheda-- pRthvI, ap, tejas, vAyu aura vanaspatikAya / I vyavahAranaya mAnatA hai ki vizeSatA ke binA kisI bhI vastu kA spaSTa bodha kaise ho sakatA hai ? kisI se kaheM ki vanaspati lAo; to vaha kyA lAegA ? kintu 'Ama lAo, nIma lAo' aisI vizeSa vanaspati lAne kaheM to vaha le AegA / isalie vizeSa ko ho pradhAnatA denI cAhie / (4) RjusUna - jo vartamAnakAlIna svakIya artha ko grahaNa kare, use RjusUtranaya kahate haiM / eka manuSya bhUtakAla meM 'rAjA' rahA ho, kintu vartamAna meM 'vaha bhikhArI ho to yaha naya use rAjA na kahakara bhikhArI hI kahegA / kyoMki vartamAna meM vaha bhikhArI kI sthiti meM hai / RjusUtranaya vastu ke atIta tathA anAgata svarUpa ko nahIM mAnatA, parantu vartamAna aura nijasvarUpa ko ho mAnatA hai / atIta, anAgata yA parakIya vastu se koI kAryasiddhi nahIM hotI / nAma, sthApanA aura dravya ko na mAnate hue mAtra bhAva ko hI mAnatA hai / ye cAra arthanaya kahalAte haiM, kyoMki ye vastu kA vicAra karate haiM /
Page #616
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 286 | jaina tattvakalikA : navama kalikA aba artha ke anurUpa ucita zabda prayoga ko mAnane vAle avaziSTa tIna zabdanayoM ko dekheM * (5) zabdanaya - yaha naya paryAyavAcI zabdoM ko ekArthavAcI mAnatA hai, parantu kAla, kAraka, liMga, saMkhyA, puruSa Adi ke kAraNa yadi unameM bheda ho to isa bheda ke kAraNa ekArthavAcI zabdoM meM bhI yaha arthabheda mAnatA hai / lekhaka ke samaya meM rAjagRha nagara vidyamAna hone para bhI rAjagRha bhinna prakAra hone se aura usI kA varNana use abhISTa hone se vaha 'rAjanagara thA aisA prayoga karatA hai / isa prakAra kAlabheda se arthabheda kA vyavahAra isa naya ke kAraNa hotA hai / arthAt - jo zabda jisa artha ( vastu) kA vAcaka yA sUcaka hotA hai, zabdana usa artha (vastu) ko sUcita karane ke lie usI zabda kA prayoga karane kA dhyAna rakhatA hai / jaise- liMgabheda nara-nArI, putra-putrI Adi / parimANabheda - choTA-bar3A, pahAr3a-pahAr3I, loTA loTI Adi / sambandha-bheda eka hI manuSya bhinna-bhinna manuSyoM se bhinna-bhinna nAtA rakhatA ho to usa sambandha ko dikhalAne ke lie yaha naya bhinna-bhinna zabdoM kA prayoga karegA / jaise - yaha yAcA hai, bhatIjA hai, pitA hai, putra hai, zvasura hai, dAmAda hai; Adi / isI prakAra yaha naya vacanabheda va kArakabheda ke anusAra vibhinna zabda prayoga karegA | (6) samabhinaya - jo naya bhalobhA~ti artha para ArUr3ha ho, vaha samabhirUr3ha naya kahalAtA hai / athavA jo bhinna-bhinna paryAyazabdoM kA bhinna-bhinna vAcyArtha grahaNa kare, vaha samabhirUr3ha kahalAtA hai / isa naya kI dRSTi meM pratyeka zabda kA artha bhinna-bhinna hai / zabdanaya to kA, liMga Adi ke bheda se artha kA bheda mAnatA hai, zabdabheda ke kAraNa arthabheda nahIM mAnatA / lekina samabhirUr3ha naya kAla Adi kA bheda na hone para bhI indra, zakra, purandara Adi paryAyavAcI zabdoM meM zabdabheda ke kAraNa tathA vyutpattibheda ke kAraNa arthabheda mAnatA hai / yaha naya rAjacihnoM se suzobhita ho, use hI rAjA kahegA, naroM kA rakSaNa kare, use hI nRpa kahegA; pRthvI kA pAlana-poSaNa kare use hI bhUpAla yA mahIpAla kahegA / isa prakAra yaha naya paryAyavAcaka zabda ko yA pracalita artha ko nahIM, parantu zabda ke mUla artha ko grahaNa karatA hai / yahI isakI vizeSatA hai / (7) evaMbhUtanaya -- ' evaM ' arthAt vyutpatti ke arthAnusAra bhUta- arthAthone vAlI kriyA meM jisakA pariNamana ho, use grahaNa karane vAlA evaMbhUtanaya
Page #617
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ pramANa - naya - svarUpaH | 287 : hai / isa naya kI dRSTi se arhatu zabda kA prayoga tabhI ucita mAnA jAe, jaba surAsurenda unakI pUjA kara rahe hoM, 'jina' zabda kA prayoga tabhI ucita ginA jAe, jaba ve zuvaladhyAna kI dhArA meM car3hakara rAgAdi ripuoM ko jItate hoM / isa naya kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki jisa vastu meM nAma ke anusAra kriyA yA pravRtti na ho, use usa prakAra nahIM mAnanA cAhie / anyathA ghaTa ko paTa mAnane meM kyA Apatti hai ? nayoM ko uttarottara sUkSmatA sAta nayoM meM se naigamanaya lokavyavahAra meM prasiddha artha ko grahaNa karatA hai, arthAt - sAmAnya- vizeSa ubhaya ko pradhAnatA detA hai, jabaki saMgrahanaya sirpha sAmAnya ko hI pradhAnatA detA hai aura vyavahAranaya kevala vizeSa ko hI mukhyatA detA hai / RjusUtranaya vastu ke vartamAnasvarUpa ko hI | zabdanaya paryAyavAcI zabdoM kA eka artha grahaNa karatA hai; grahaNa karatA samabhirUr3hanaya paryAyavAcaka zabdoM kA bhI bhinna-bhinna artha grahaNa karatA hai aura evaMbhUta naya to artha ke anusAra pravRtti hotI ho, use hI svIkAra karatA hai / isa prakAra naya uttarottara sUkSma haiM / nikSepavAda nikSepa kA Azaya manuSyoM kA sArA vyavahAra bhASA se calatA hai / yadi bhASA na ho to manuSya apane manobhAva yathArtharUpa se vyakta nahIM kara sakatA, aura na hI usakA koI vyavahAra sucAru DhaMga se kAryarUpa meM pariNata ho sakatA hai / bhASA kI racanA zabdoM dvArA hotI hai, kintu svarUpa kI dRSTi se padArtha aura zabda meM koI apanApana nahIM, donoM apanI-apanI sthiti meM svatantra haiM / jaise 'agni' padArtha aura 'zabda' eka nahIM haiM, parantu ye donoM sarvathA eka nahIM haiM, aisA bhI nahIM hai / agni zabda se agni-padArtha kA hI jJAna hotA hai / isase hama kaha dete haiM, zabda aura artha donoM meM abheda hai, kintu vAcya vAcaka kA yaha abheda sambandha saMketakRta hai / aura jo bheda haiM - vaha svabhAvakRta hai / isa prakAra zabda kA jo artha niSpanna hotA hai, vaha vyavahArasiddhi kA mahatva - pUrNa aMga banatA hai / parantu saMketakAla meM jisa vastu ke bodha ke lie jo zabda gar3hA jAtA hai, vaha vahI rahe yA eka hI artha batAe aisA bhI nahIM hotA / Age cala kara zabda apanA abhISTa artha chor3akara vibhinna arthoM meM prayukta hone lagatA hai / vaha kabhI-kabhI prayojana yA prasaMgavazAt pRthak pRthak arthoM kA dyotaka ho
Page #618
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 288 | jaina tattvakalikA : navama kalikA jAtA hai / isalie kisI bhI zabda kA prastuta artha kyA hai ? isa jijJAsA yA samasyA kA samAdhAna pAne yA pUrNa karane kA kArya nikSepa paddhati karatI hai / zabda kA prastuta artha jAnane se ajJAna, saMzaya, viparyaya Adi dUra hokara vastu kA yA vastusthiti kA svarUpa samajhane meM sahAyatA milatI hai / ataH aprastuta artha ko dUra karake prastuta artha kA samyakbodha karAnA isakA phala hai / nikSepapUrvaka artha kA nirUpaNa karane se usameM artha kI spaSTatA AtI hai| nikSepa kA artha hai-zabda meM artha kA AropaNa karanA, prastuta artha ko rakhanA, athavA zabda ke arthasAmAnya kA nAmAdi bhedoM se nirUpaNa krnaa| nikSepa ke prakAra zabda ke jitane artha hote hoM unheM zabda kA arthasAmAnya kahate haiN| dUsare zabdoM meM, vastuvinyAsa ke jitane krama haiM. utane hI nikSepa haiM / pratyeka zabda ke kama se kama cAra vibhAga yA cAra krama to avazya hote haiM-(1) nAma, (2) sthApanA, (3) dravya aura (4) bhAva / (1) nAmanikSepa-kiso vyakti yA vastu kA svecchA se nAma rakhanA nAmanikSepa kahalAtA hai| vastutaH sirpha lokavyavahAra calAne ke lie guNa, jAti, dravya Adi kisI anya nimitta kI apekSA rakhe binA kisI vastu yA vyakti kI koI saMjJA rakhanA nAmanikSepa hai| jaise-eka sAmAnya vyakti kA nAma 'indra' rakha diyA jAe, kintu paramezvayasampanna indra (devarAja) se usakA koI vAstA nahIM hai| kevala vyavahAra calAne ke lie 'indra' nAma rakha diyA jAtA hai| isa nikSepa kI eka vizeSatA yaha hai ki mUla vastu ke paryAyavAcaka zabda se usakA kathana nahIM ho sktaa| arthAt-indra nAma rakhA ho, use zaka purandara, hari, pAkazAsana Adi zabdoM se sambodhita nahIM kiyA sktaa| nAmakaraNa do prakAra kA hotA hai-sArthaka aura nirarthaka / AzAdhara, lakSmI Adi nAma sArthaka aura Dittha, Davittha, piMkI, piMTU Adi nirarthaka nAma haiN| (2) sthApanAnikSepa-jo artha tadpa nahIM hai, use tadrUpa mAna lenA, sthApanAnikSepa hai / sthApanA do prakAra kI hotI hai--(1) sadbhAva (tadAkAra) sthApanA aura (2) asadbhAva (atadAkAra) sthaapnaa| eka vyakti apane guru ke citra ko guru mAnatA hai, yaha sadbhAva sthApanA
Page #619
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ pramANa-naya-svarUpa | 286 hai| eka vyakti ne zaMkha meM apane guru kA AropaNa kiyA, yaha asadbhAva sthApanA hai| nAma aura sthApanA donoM vAstavika arthazUnya hote haiN| (3) nyanikSepa-vANI-vyavahAra vicitra hai| kabhI-kabhI vaha bhUtakAlIna sthiti kA aura kabhI-kabhI bhaviSyakAlIna sthiti kA vartamAna meM prayoga karatI hai| vartamAna paryAya kI zUnyatA bhAvazUnyatA ke uparAnta bhI jo vartamAna paryAya se pahicAnA jAtA hai, yahI dravyatva kA Aropa hai / arthAt-jaba isa prakAra kA vANI vyavahAra hotA hai, taba use dravyanikSepa. kahate haiN| ___ jaise-aMgAramardaka dravyAcArya the| unameM AcArya ke guNa na hone ke kAraNa unheM dravyAcArya kahA gayA hai| kisI ghar3e meM kisI samaya ghI bharA jAtA thA, kintu Aja vaha ghar3A khAlI hai, phira bhI use 'ghI kA ghar3A' kahanA dravyanikSepa hai| athavA ghI bharane ke lie eka ghar3A maMgavAyA, lekina usameM ghI bharA na ho, phira bhI 'ghI kA ghar3A' kahanA / rAjA ke putra ko, yA rAjya cale jAne para bhI, athavA rAjA yA yuvarAja mara jAe to usake mRtazarIra ko bhI, yA rAjA sambandhI jJAna ko bhI rAjA kahanA-dravyanikSepa hai| 'rAjA to mere aMtara meM basatA hai', aisA zabda prayoga bhI dravya nikSepa kA sUcaka hai / kabhI-kabhI dravyanikSepa anupayoga ke artha meM bhI pravartita hotA hai / jaise-binA upayoga ke kiyA huA Avazyaka dravya-Avazyaka kahalAtA hai| zAstrakAroM ne AtmA, deha, jJAna Adi kA sambandha batAte hue Agamadra vyanikSepa aura noAgamadravyanikSepa aise do dravyanikSepa batAe haiN| yahA~ Agama zabda se jJAna yA upacAra se jJAna ko dhAraNa karane vAle AtmA ko bhI Agama kahA hai| ___jo AtmA pahale upayoga vAlA thA, bhaviSya meM bhI kabhI upayoga vAlA hogA, kintu vartamAna meM upayoga vAlA nahIM hai, ataH yahA~ dravyanikSepa mAnA jAtA hai / jo zarora AtmA ke guNoM se rahita hai, phira bhI use AtmA kahanA noAgama dravya nakSepa hai| jaise--kisI ne kahA-AtmA ko kucala diyA; yahA~ zarIra meM AtmA zabda kA Aropa kiyA gayA hai| noAgama dravyanikSepa ke tIna bheda haiM-(1) jJazarIra, (2) bhavyazarIra aura (3) tadvyatirikta / / jisa zarIra meM rahakara AtmA jAnatA thA, vaha jJazarIra (jJAyakazarIra) hai| jaise-eka vidvAn kA mRta zarIra dekhakara kahanA ki 'yaha AtmA jJAnI thA, to yaha zarIra-noAgama-dravyanikSepa kA prayoga hai|
Page #620
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 260 | jaina tattvakalikA : navama kalikA jisa zarIra meM rahakara AtmA bhaviSya meM jAnane vAlA hai, vaha bhavyazarIra hai / eka bAlaka kI deha dekhakara kahanA yaha AtmA bahuta jAnegA, yaha bhavyazarIra- noAgama- dravyanikSepa hai / prathama do bhedoM meM zarIra ko grahaNa kiyaa| tIsare pada meM zarIra nahIM, zArIrika kriyA grahaNa kI jAtI hai, use 'tadvyatirikta' kahate haiM / kisI nikI dharmopadeza ke samaya kI hastAdi ceSTAoM ko yAda karake kahanA ki "yaha bhI eka AtmA thaa|' ise tadvyatirikta-no Agama-draDha nikSepa kA prayoga kahA jAtA hai / (4) bhAvanikSepa - - vartamAna paryAya ke anusAra zabdaprayoga bhAvanikSepa hai / jaise- adhyApana karane vAle ko adhyApaka, rAjya karane vAle ko rAjA aura sevA karane vAle ko sevaka kahanA Adi / ina nikSepoM ke kaI uttarabheda bhI haiN| vistAra bhaya se yahA~ nahIM likhe jA rahe haiM / anekAntavAda - syAdavAda jainadarzana ke cintana kI zailI kA nAma anekAnta aura pratipAdana kI zailI kA nAma syAdavAda hai / jainadarzana ko yA jainAgamoM meM ukta jinavANI ko samajhane kI yaha kuJjI hai| isake binA jagat kA koI bhI vyavahAra nahIM ho sakatA / " jAnanA jJAna kA kAma hai, bolanA vANI kA jJAna kI zakti aparimita hai, vANI kI parimita / jJa eya ananta haiM, jJAna bhI ananta hai; kintu vANI ananta nahIM hai / isalie nahIM hai ki eka kSaNa meM anantajJAna ananta jJa eyoM ko jAna to sakatA hai, kintu vANI dvArA use vyakta nahIM kara sakatA / eka zabda eka kSaNa meM eka satya ko batA sakatA hai / isa dRSTi se vastu ke do rUpa hote haiM - (1) avAcya (anabhilApya) aura (2) vAcya ( abhilApya) | anabhilApya kA anantavA~ bhAga abhilApya hotA hai aura abhilApya kA anantavA~ bhAga vANI kA viSaya banatA hai / pratyeka vastu meM ananta dharma hote haiM - viruddha bhI, aviruddha bhI / kintu satyArthI mumukSu kisI vastu ke svarUpa kA pratipAdana karate samaya samasta dharmoM kA kathana nahIM kara sakatA / chadmastha vyakti kucha dharmoM ko jAna 1. jeNa viNA logassa vi vavahAro saMvvahA na nivvaDai / guru Namo aNegaMtavAyassa || tassa - sanmatitarka 368
Page #621
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ pramANa -naya-svarUpa | 261 sakatA hai, parantu kathana nahIM kara sakatA aura jaba una dharmoM kA kathana nahIM karatA hai to usakA satya ekAMgI bana jAtA hai / ataH syAdvAda kaheM yA anekAntavAda; vahI isa samasyA ko hala karatA hai / vastu ke aneka guNadharmoM meM se kisI eka anta yA chora - pahalU athavA guNadharma ko dekhakara usake samasta svarUpa ke viSaya meM ki 'yaha vastu isI prakAra kI hai; ' aisI mAnyatA banA lenA ekAntavAda hai / jisameM vastu ke aneka anta, chora yA pahalU yA guNa-dharmoM kA avalokana karake usake sambandha abhiprAya banAyA jAe, arthAt paraspara viruddha pratIta hone vAle dharmoM ko vibhinna apekSAoM se svIkAra karanA anekAntavAda yA syAdvAda hai / jaise - eka manuSya apane putra kA pitA hai, sAtha hI vaha apane pitA kA putra bhI hai, apane mAmA kI apekSA se vaha bhAnajA bhI hai aura apane bhAnaje kI apekSA se vaha mAmA bhI hai / isa prakAra eka vyakti meM pitRtva, putratva, bhAgineyatva aura mAtulatva ye paraspara virodhI dharma sApekSa dRSTi ke kAraNa ( bhinna-bhinna apekSAoM se ) sambhava haiM / sApekSatA kA artha haiparasparAdhAra, yAnI eka ke AdhAra para dUsare kA honA / choTA aura bar3A, halakA aura bhArI, U~cA aura nIcA, nitya aura anitya, eka aura aneka - ye sabhI paraspara sApekSa zabda haiM / jainAgamoM meM anekAntavAda ke udAharaNa jainAgamoM meM yatra-tatra syAdvAda ke uttama udAharaNa' milate haiM / bhagavAn ne gautamasvAmI ke prazna kA uttara dete hue kahA 'gautama ! jIva syAt ( kathaMcit) zAzvata hai, syAt ( kisI apekSA se) azAzvata / ' dravyArthika dRSTi se zAzvata aura paryAyArthika dRSTi se azAzvata hai / * jayantI zrAvikA ke bhagavAn mahAvIra se praznottara dekhiye - jayantI - bhagavan ! sonA acchA yA jAganA acchA ? bhagavAn - jayanti ! kaI jIvoM kA sonA acchA, kaI jIvoM kA jAganA acchA ! jayanti - bhagavan ! aisA kaise ? 1. ( ka ) bhagavatIsUtra -2046 (kha) bhagavatI sUtra za0 12. u02, sU0 443
Page #622
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 292 | jaina tattvakalikA : navama kalikA bhagavAn-jo jIva adharmI haiM, adharmAnuga haiM, adharmiSTha haiM, adharmAkhyAyI haiM, adharmapralokI haiM, adharma-praraMjana haiM, adharma samAcAra haiM, adhArmika vRttiyukta haiM, ve soe raheM, yahI acchA hai, kyoMki ve soe raheM to aneka jIvoM ko pIr3A na hogI tathA ve sva-para-ubhaya ko adhArmika kriyArata nahIM bnaaeNge| jo jIva dhArmika haiM, dharmAnuga haiM, yAvat dhArmika vRtti se yukta haiM, unakA jAganA acchA hai, kyoMki ve aneka jIvoM ko sukha dete haiM aura sva-para-ubhaya ko dhArmika kArya meM lagAte haiN| isa prakAra ke saMvAda saikar3oM kI saMkhyA meM, AgamoM meM prApta hote haiN| ve loka, dravya, jIva Adi ke svarUpa para syAvAda zailI se sundara prakAza DAlate haiN| saptabhaMgI __ Agamayuga ke bAda syAdvAda kA dArzanika yuga meM saptabhaMgI ke rUpa meM vikAsa huaa| saptabhaMgI arthAt sAta prakAra ke bhaMga-vikalpa, vAkya vinyAsa, vaakyrcnaa| vastu ke ananta dharmoM meM se kisI bhI eka dharma kA vidhiniSedhapUrvaka avirodhamaya kathana karanA ho to sAta prakAra ko jijJAsA hotI hai, usameM se samAdhAna ke rUpa meM ye sAta bhaMga utpanna hote haiN| sAta bhaMgoM kI vyAkhyA isa prakAra hai prathama bhaMga-vastu kyA hai ? yaha batalAne ke lie isa prakAra kA prathama bhaMga niSpanna hotA hai / vastu 'asti'-bhAvAtmaka hI hai, parantu syAt -kathaMcita, arthAta-amuka apekSA se yAnI svadravya, svakSetra, svakAla aura svabhAva se / yaha syAdasti nAmaka prathama bhaMga hai| dvitIya bhaMga-vastu 'kyA nahIM hai ?' isa jijJAsA ke samAdhAna ke lie dvitIya bhaMga niSpanna hotA hai-vastu 'nAsti' (abhAvAtmaka) hI hai, parantu syAt-kathaMcit, arthAt-amuka apekSA se-yAnI-paradravya, parakSetra, parakAla aura parabhAva se / yaha syAt nAsti nAmaka dUsarA bhaMga kahalAtA hai| ___yadi vastu meM svadravyAdi kI apekSA se svadharma kA astitva na mAnA jAe to vaha niHsvarUpa ho jAegI, yadi paradravyAdi kI apekSA se paradharmoM kA nAstitva na mAnA jAe to vastusAMkarya ho jAegA, eka hI vastu sarvAtmaka bana jAegI / ataH ina do bhaMgoM dvArA pratyeka vastu ke anantadharmoM meM se kucha kA astidharma varNana karake phira usameM na rahane vAle nAstidharmoM kA kathana kara diyaa| .
Page #623
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ pramANa -naya-svarUpa | 263 tRtIya maMga vastu kyA hai aura kyA nahIM ? isa saMyukta jijJAsA ke samAdhAna ke lie tRtIya bhaMga niSpanna huA, jisameM vastu meM asti aura nAsti donoM sApekSa dharmoM kA kathana kiyA gayA / jo kArya asti nAsti ubhayAtmaka (ukta vastu ke kucha astidharmoM aura kucha nAstidharmoM kA) tIsare bhaMga se hotA hai, vaha na to kevala 'asti' hI kara sakatA hai, aura na kevala 'nAsti' hI kara sakatA hai / ataH yaha 'syAd asti nAsti' nAmaka tIsarA bhaMga kahalAtA hai / caturtha bhaMga - cAhe jisa tarIke se vastu kA varNana kyoM na kareM, vaha varNana AMzika hI hogA, sampUrNa nahIM; kyoMki astidharma aura nAstidharma donoM ananta hone se, unameM se jina dharmoM kA varNana azakya hai, ve to vANI dvArA kahe hI nahIM jA sakeMge, ataH avaktavya hI rheNge| isa dRSTi se vastu kisI apekSA se 'avaktavya' hai / yaha syAt avaktavya nAma kA caturtha bhaMga niSpanna huA / * paMcama bhaMga - kathaMcit avaktavya hone para bhI vastu dUsarI dRSTi se kathaMcit vaktavya bhI hai / arthAt - vastu kA varNana yadi usake kevala astidharmoM ko lekara kiyA jAegA, to bhI thor3e se hI astidharmoM kA kathana ho sakegA, avaziSTa saba dharma avaktavya hI raheMge / isa apekSA se 'syAd asti avaktavya' nAmaka paMcama bhaMga niSpanna huA / chaThA bhaMga - vastu kA varNana yadi usake kevala nAstidharmoM ko lekara kiyA jAegA, to bhI vaha varNana amuka nAstidharmoM kA hI ho skegaa| bAkI ke saba nAstidharma avaktavya hI raheMge / isa apekSA se 'svAt nAsti avaktavya' nAmaka chaThA bhaMga niSpanna hotA hai / saptamabhaMga - yadi vastu ke astidharma aura nAstidharma donoM prakAra ke dharmoM ko lekara vastu kA varNana kiyA jAegA to usake kucha hI astidharma aura kucha hI nAstidharma kahe jA sakeMge, zeSa saba asti nAstidharma avaktavya hI raheMge / isa apekSA se 'syAt asti nAsti avaktavya' nAmaka saptama bhaMga niSpanna huA / vicAra karane para pratIta hotA hai ki saptabhaMgI meM mUla bhaMga to tIna hI haiM- asti, nAsti, avaktavya / avaziSTa cAra bhaMga inhIM tIna ke saMyoga se bane haiM / bhagavatIsUtra meM saptabhaMgI kI vivecanA prApta hotI hai / ' vastu ke aneka dharma haiN| ataH vaha anekAnta - anekadharmAtmaka kahalAtI 1 bhagavatIsUtra 12 / 10 / 466
Page #624
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 294 | jaina tattvakalikA : navama kalikA hai| kisI makAna ke cAra phoTo yadi usakI cAroM dizAoM se liye jAe~ge to ve saba eka. jaise nahIM hoNge| phira bhI ve eka hI makAna ke hone se eka hI makAna ke khlaaeNge| isI prakAra vastu bhI aneka dRSTiyoM se dekhane para aneka prakAra kI mAlUma hotI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki vAkyaprayoga bhI nAnA prakAra ke banate haiN| kisI bhI prazna kA uttara dete samaya ina sAta bhaMgoM meM se kisI na kisI eka bhaMga kA upayoga karanA Avazyaka hai / ise sugamatA se samajhane ke eka vyavahArika udAharaNa lIjie kisI maraNAsanna rogI ke bAre meM vaidya se pUchA jAe ki rogI kI hAlata kaisI hai ? to vaha ina sAtoM uttaroM meM se koI eka uttara degA (1) acchI hAlata hai (asti)| (2) acchI hAlata nahIM hai (naasti)| (3) kala se to acchI hai (asti), para aisI acchI nahIM hai ki AzA rakhI jA sake (naasti)| (astinAsti) (4) acchI yA burI, kucha nahIM kahA jA sktaa| (avaktavya). (5) kala se to acchI hai, (asti), phira bhI kucha kahA nahIM jA sakatA ki kyA hogA ? (avaktavya), (asti-avktvy)| (6) kala se to acchI nahIM hai, (nAsti), phira bhI kahA nahIM jA sakatA hai ki kyA hogA ? (avaktavya); (nAsti-avaktavya) (7) vaise to acchI nahIM hai, (nAsti), parantu kala kI apekSA to acchI hai, (asti); phira bhI kahA nahIM jA sakatA ki kyA hogA ? (avaktavya); (asti-naasti-avktvy)| isa sAmAnya vyAvahArika udAharaNa para se sattabhaMgI kA mahatva spaSTa rUpa se pramANita ho jAtA hai| isI taraha sAmAjika, rAjanaitika, AdhyAtmika, dhArmika, sabhI kSetroM meM saptabhaMgI kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai aura isake prayoga se pArasparika virodha zamana kiyA jA sakatA hai / isa prakAra pramANavAda, nayavAda, nikSepavAda aura anekAntavAda Adi jainadarzana ke merudaNDa haiM, jinake dvArA jinapraNIta tattvoM evaM Agama-vANI ko vibhinna apekSAoM se jAnA-parakhA jA sakatA hai, hRdayaMgama kiyA jA sakatA hai, ahiMsA-satyadharma kA sarvAMgINa AcaraNa ho sakatA hai aura tabhI zrutadharma kI sarvAMgINa ArAdhanA ho sakatI hai|
Page #625
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 17 viziSTa zabda sUcI prayukta sandarbha grantha sUcI JL 40 pariziSTa
Page #626
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Page #627
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ pariziSTa 1 viziSTa zabdAnukramaNikA [ prathama aura dvitIya kalikA] aghAtI 3 aparigraha mahAbata 147, 148 acaurya mahAbata 144 aparigraha mahAbrata kI pA~ca bhAvanAe~ 148 ajitanAtha 56 apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa 140 aThAraha doSa 26, 34 apAyApagamAtizaya 7, 13-16 aNu vrata 86 abhayadAna 43 atizaya (cauMtIsa) 18 abhASaka siddha 88 adharmAstikAya 62 abhidhAna cintAmaNi koSa 25 ananta catuSTaya 17 abhinandana nAtha 56, 60 anantajJAna 3 . abhIkSNa avagraha yAcana 145 anantadarzana 3 abhIkSNa jJAnopayoga 38 anantanAtha 63 amUr3haddaSTi 151, 153 anantavIrya 3. ambaDa 86 anantAnubandhI 140 aranAtha 64, 65 anavasthita 1629 arasa AhAra 160 anazana tapa 157 . arahanta 6 anityAnuprekSA 233, 236 arahA 6 aninhava 146, 150 ariSTanemi 66, 75, 76, 77, 78 anujJApita pAna-bhojana 146 arihaMta 1, 3, 4, 5, 17, 23 anuttaropapAtika dazA 202, 204, 20688, 60, 65, 104, 108, 112, anuyoga 204 113, 118, 123, 126, 213 anuvIci avagraha yAcana 145 arihanta (svarUpa) 16 anuvIci bhASaNa 143 arihantopAsaka 126 anekAnta 85,86 arihantoM ke bAraha guNa 26 anta AhAra 160 aruhanta 6 antakRddazAMga 202, 203, 206 arjuna 86 antarAtmA 106 artha 146 150 antarAya karma 26, 86 arhat pada 53 anyatvAnuprekSA 234, 236 arhan 6 aparigraha 85 aloka 62
Page #628
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 26 | pariziSTa 1 avagraha mati (saMpadA) 185 avagrahAvadhAraNa 145 avatAra 48 avatAravAda 46 avadhijJAna 5 avasarpiNI 71, 72 avikatthana 166 . azaraNAnuprekSA 233, 236 azucidAnuprekSA 234, 236 prAtihArya 7 aSTavidha gaNi-saMpadA 168 asvAdhyAya ke kAraNa 224 ahiMsA 85, 86 ahiMsA mahAbrata 141, 142 akSaya tRtIyA 75 AcAmasiktha bhogatapa 160 AcAra vinaya 186, 160 AcAra sampadA 181 AcArAMga sUtra 83, 202, 205 AcArya 1, 12, 131, 137, 136, 213, 263, 264 AcArya kI chattIsa vizeSatAe~ 167 Ananda 86 AyuSkarma 888 ArtadhyAna 165 Adraka kumAra 203 Aryadezotpanna 167 AlokitapAna bhojana bhAvanA 142 Asanna labdha pratibha 174 AsrAvAnuprekSA 234, 236 AharaNanipuNa 176 AhAra koraNa 228 AlocanArha 162 AvazyakA parihANi 40 AhAra dAna 43 AhAra (nirdoSavidhi ) 226 AMgirasa 76 itarika tapa 157 indriyaprati saMlInatA tapa 161 isi bhAsiya 76 IryAsamiti 154, 230 IryAsamiti bhAvanA 142 Izvaratva 107 uccAra prasravaNa khela jalla siMghANa pariSThA panikA samiti 231 upadhAna 146, 150 upadhi vyutsarga 166 Atmakatva 107 AdAna - bhANDamAtra nikSepaNA samiti 155 upanaya nipuNa 177 upabaM hUNa 151, 153 231 AdAna- nikSepaNa samiti bhAvanA 142 Adikara 23 upamAe~ (upAdhyAya jI kI solaha upamAe~) 206, 212 upamAe~ ( sAdhukI) 260, 263 upasarga 23,24,78, 76,241 upAdhyAya 1,126, 196, 200, 201, 202,206-212,213,263,264 uttarAdhyayana sUtra 61,66 uttAravAda 46 utsarpiNI 71, 72 udakapeDhAla putra 203 UnodarI tapa 157, 158 upakaraNa utpAdanatA vinaya 194 upAsakadazAMga 202, 203, 205 upA~ga (bAraha) 204 umAsvAti 128 RjusUtra naya 178
Page #629
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ RSabhadeva 58,71,73, 74,205 ekatvAnuprekSA 233,236 ekAkI - vihAra samAcArI vinaya 191 evaMbhUtanaya 178 eSaNAsamiti bhAvanA 142 eSaNa samiti 230 eSaNA samiti 155, 230 audArika zarIra 61 aupapAtika sUtra 61 - 205 auSadhadAna 43 kamaTha tApasa 78 karaNa 140 karaNa satya 223 karaNa saptati 201, 206, 223 karmanirjarA 74 karmavAda 84, 144, 115 karmabhyutsagaM 166 kalpAtaMsikA 206 kaSAya 13.6 kaSAya- pratisaMlInatA tapa 161 kaSAya- vyutsarga 166 kAmadeva 86 kAmarAga 33 kAya - kleza tapa 157,160 kAya gupti 156 kAya vinaya 163,164 kAya samAharaNatA 238 kAyotsarga 84,227 kArmaNa zarIra 61 kAla 146 kilviSI deva 136 kriyA sthAna 203 kunthunAtha 64 kulakara (paramparA) 72 kuzIla nirgrantha 218 kevalajJAna 5,88 kevaladarzana 88 pariziSTa 1 | 267 zIzramaNa 8, 6, 205 koNika 86, 205 krodha kaSAya 136, 137 krodhavaza bhASaNa varjana 143 gajasukumAra 77 gaNa vyutsarga 166, gaNasamAcAritA vinaya 160 guNavrata 86 gupti 131, 167, 230 guru 123, guru-adatta 144 guru tattva 126 gurupada 85 gRhapati adatta 145 gotrakarma 8 gautama gaNadhara 5, 8, 6, 86, 124 grAhaNA kuzala 178 ghanatapa 158 ghAtI 3, kSaNalava 41 kSamA 238 kSudhA - parISaha 74 caturvidha kaSAya viveka 223 candanabAlA 86 candraprabha 61 candraprajJapti 205 caraNa saptati 201, 207 cakSurindriya 64 cAturyAmadharma 76, 80 cAritra 1 cAritradharma 85 cAritravinaya 40, 163 cAritra sampannatA 236, 241
Page #630
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 268 | pariziSTa 1 cAritrAcAra 130,148 tIrthakara (vizeSatAe~) 46-57 citta samAdhi 38 tIrthaMkara nAma gotra karma 16, 36, 37, cUlikA 204 38, 47. ceTaka 86,205 tuccha AhAra 160 chadmastha 115; tejasa zarIra 61 cheda sUtra (cAra) 206 tyAga 84, 85 chedAha 162 daNDanIti 73 chedopasthApanIya cAritra 236, 240 darzana 1 jambUdvIpa prajJapti 205 darzanavinaya 40, 163 jayantI (zrAvikA) 86 darzanavizuddhi 38 jina 18, 19, 20, 27 darzanasampannatA 266 jIvAbhigama 205 darzanAcAra 130, 148 151 jJAtAdharmakathAMga 202, 203, 205 darzanAvaraNIya karma 86 jJAna, 1 dazavakAlika sUtra 42, 136 jJAnadAna 43 dasavidha samAcArI 232 . jJAnavinaya 40, 163 dAnadharma 74 jJAna-samAdhi 47 divyadhvani 7, jJAna sampannatA 238 dRSTirAga 33 jJAnAcAra 130, 148 146 dRSTivAda 202, 204 jJAnAtizaya 7, 8, 9 deva-adatta 144 jJAnAvaraNIya 86, 64 deva tattva 104 tapa 1,84, 85 devAnandA 86 tapasArha 162 devAbhigama (stotra) 27 tapaHsamAcAritA vinaya 160 doSanirghAtanA vinaya 163 tapaHsamAdhi 42 dravya UnodarI 158 tapAcAra 130, 148 dravyavyutsarga 166 tIrtha 21 dravyasamAdhi 44 tIrthakara 17, 18, 27, 34, 37, 48, dhannA 86 58, 77,84,87,66,116, 122, dharma (dasa zramaNa dharma) 246-256 123, 130 dharmadhyAna 165 tIrthaMkara (paramparA) 70 dharmanAtha 63,64 tIrthaMkara (bhaviSya kAlIna) 68,66 dharmadeva 123, 124, 125, 126, 263, tIrthakara (bhUta kAlIna) 67 tIrthaMkara (viharamAta) 70 dharmasaMgha 2, 36 tIrthakara (svarUpa) 2.1.26 dharmasvAkhyAtatattvAnuprekSA 236 264
Page #631
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ dharmAstikAya 2 dhyAtA 110 dhyAna tapa 157, 165 dhyeya 110 naminAtha 66 naya 187 nAbhi ( kulakara) 73 nAma (karma) 86 nidAna ( niyANA ) 42 nirayAvalikA 205, 206 nirgrantha 216, 217, 218, 216 nirjarA 128 nirjarAnuprekSA 235, 236 nivikRtika tapa 156 nirvicikitsA 151, 152 niHzaMkita 151, 152 niSkAMkSita 151, 152 paramAtmA 106 parikrama 204 parigraha 76 pariSThApanikA samiti 155 parihAravizuddhi cAritra 236, 240 parISaha 23, 24, 241-245 pArAMcita 162 pArzvanAtha 66, 78-81, 203, 205 pArzvapityika sthavira 80 pariziSTa 1 | 26e pulAka nirgrantha 218 puruSArtha pradhAna mArga 85 puSpacUlikA sUtra 206 puSpikA sUtra 206 pUjAtizaya 7 pUrva ( caudaha ) 204 paMca kalyANaka, 54, 55-57 paMcAcAra 126, 130 paMcendriya nigraha 223 praNIta rasa parityAga 160 pratara tapa 158 pratikramaNArha 162 pratilekhana 226 pratisaMlInatA tapa 157,161 nikSepa 187 prajJApanA 205 naigamanaya 88, 178 naMdIvarddhana 53 prANa (dasa) 141 padmaprabha 60 prAnta AhAra 160 paramAtmavAda 114, 115, 116, 117 prAyazcitta tapa 157, 161,162, bakuza nirgrantha 218 bahirAtmA 106 pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa 140 pradezI rAjA 205 prabhAvanA 151, 153 prabhAvanA (ATha prakAra kI ) 207 pramANa 187 prayogamati sampadA 186 pravacanasAroddhAra 216 praznavyAkaraNAMga 206 bahumAna 146, 150 bIsa sthAnaka 34-48 buddha ( tathAgata) 75,82 bodhidurlabhatvAnuprekSA 235 bodhilAbha 116 brahmacarya gupti 131,133 brahmacarya mahAbrata 146,147 brahmacarya mahAvrata kI pA~ca bhAvanAe~ 146 bhaktapAna vyutsarga 166 bhaktAmara stotra 26 bhagavatI sUtra 205
Page #632
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 300 | pariziSTa 1 bhayavaza bhASaNa tyAga 143 mUlAha 162 bharata cakravartI 205 meghakumAra 86 bharata kSetra 58 maitArya 86 . bhArapratyArohaNatA vinaya 166, 197 mohanIya karma86 bhAva UnodarI 158 yathAkhyAta cAritra 236,240 / bhAvanA (bAraha) 232 yAvatkathika tapa 157, 158 bhAvapUjA 120,121 yoga 140 bhAva vyutsarga 166 yoga pratisaMlInatA tapa 161 bhAva satya 223 yogazAstra 113, bhAva-samAdhi 45,120 yoga satya 238 bhAva-samAdhi 120 yaugalika paramparA 71, 72 bhASaka siddha 88 ratnatraya dharma 84, 85 . bhASA samiti 155,230 rasa-parityAga 157,156 bhikSAcarI tapa 74, 157, 159 rAjapraznIyasUtra 205 bhikSa 216, 217 rAjA-adatta 144 bhikSupada 85, rAjImatI 76,77 bhikSu pratimA 77, 236 rUkSa AhAra 160 mati-sampadA 181, 184 revatI 86 mada (ATha prakAra kA) 137. raudradhyAna 165,166 manaH paryavajJAna 5, labdhiyAM (zramaNa ko prApta hone vAlI) manaHsamAharaNatA 238 256-257 manogupti 156 loka 92,64 manogupti bhAvanA 142 loka vyavahAra vinaya 163,164 manovinaya 163, 164 lokAnuprekSA 235, 136 mallinAtha 65 lobha kaSAya 136 mahAvIra (bhagavAna) 5,8, 67,80,87 lobhavaza bhASaNa varjana 143 124, 203, 205 vacana gupti 156 mAdhukarI 156 vacana vinaya 163,164 mAna kaSAya 137 vacana sampadA 181,183 mAyA kaSAya 138, vacanAtizaya 7,6-13 mAraNAntika samAdhyAsanA 245 vandanA 227 mAhana 216 vargatapa 158 munidharma 74 vargAvargatapa 158 munisuvratanAtha 65 barNa saMjvalanatA vinaya 165 mUla sUtra (cAra) 206 varSIdAna 46
Page #633
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ vasudeva 75 vAk samAharaNatA 238 vAcanA saMpadA 181,183 vANI atizaya (paiMtIsa ) 18 vAtsalya 151,153 vAsupUjya 62, 63 vinaya 146, 150 vinaya tapa 157, 163 vinaya pratipatti zikSA 186 vinaya sampannatA 36 vipAkasUtra 202, 204, 206 vimalanAtha 63 birasa AhAra 160 virAgatA 236 vivAha paddhati 74 vivikta zayyAsana pratisaMlInatA tapa 161 vivekArha 162 vIryAcAra 130, 148, 166 vikSepaNA vinaya 192 vRSNidazA 206 vedanA samAdhyAsanA 241, 245 vedanIya (karma) 8 vaiyAvRtya 43, 44, 157, 164 vyavahAra naya 178 vyAkhyAprajJapti 202, 203 vyutsarga. tapa 157, 166 vyatsagarha 162 zakrastava 86 zabdanaya 178 zarIra vyutsarga 166 zarIra sampadA 181, 182 zAntinAtha 64 zAlibhadra 86 zAstravArtA samuccaya 117 ziSya kI vinaya pratipatti 164 zikSAvrata 86 zItalanAtha 61-62 zukladhyAna 165 zuddha AtmA (svarUpa) 60 zramaNa 74, 216. zramaNadharma 74 zramaNopAsaka 126 zrAvaka pada 85 zrAvaka-zrAvikA 126 pariziSTa 1 | 301 zrIkRSNa 75, 76, 77 zrutadharmaM 85 zrutabhakti 47 zrutavinaya 191 zruta sampadA 181-182 zreNika ( vimbasAra ) 86, 205, 206 zreNItapa 158 zreyAMsa (rAjA) 75 zreyAMsanAtha 62 SaDAvazyaka 225 satya mahAvrata 143 sapratikramaNa paMcamahAvrata dharma 86 samantabhadra 27 samabhirUr3ha naya 178 samavAyAMga 13, 202, 203, 205, samiti 131, 167 samudghAta 205 samudra vijaya 75 sambhavanAtha 56 samyaktva 2 sarAkajAti 81 sahAyatA vinaya 165 sarva adattAdAna viramaNa 76, 144, 222 sarvaparigrahaviramaNa vrata 147, 148, 222
Page #634
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 302 | pariziSTa 1 sarva prANAtipAta viramaNa 76, 149, somila 86 222 saMgraha naya 178 saMgraha parijJA saMpadA 181, 187, 188 saMgha-sAdhu-samAdhikaraNa 46 saMjvalana 140 sarva bahiddhAdAnaviramaNa 76 sarvamRSAvAda viramaNa 143, 222 sarva maithuna viramaNa mahAvrata 146, 222 sArdhAmi adatta 145 sAdharmika avagraha yAcana 146 sAdhu 1, 126, 213, 214215, 264 sAdhu ke sattAIsa guNa 221, 246, sAdhu dharma 100, 216 sAdhu-sAdhvI 12 sAmAyika cAritra 83, 236 siddha 1, 3, 4,88,86 - 122126 siddha (gaNanA) 102 - 104 siddha (guNa) 67 siddha ( 31 guNa) 65 67 siddha (15 prakAra ) 100, 102 siddhazilA 63 sudharmAsvAmI 87 supArzvanAtha 60, sumatinAtha 60 61 sulasA 86 suvidhinAtha 61 sUrya prajJapti 205 sUkSmasaMparAya cAritra 236, 240 sUtra 224 sUtrakRtAMga 202, 203, 205, 215, akartRtvavAdI 136 karmabhUmi 131 110 agamikazruta 66 saMyama 84, 85 saMyama (satraha prakAra kA) 246, 246 saMyama samAcAritA vinaya 160 saMvara 128 saMvara-anuprekSA 234, 236 saMsAra vyutsarga 166 saMsArAnuprekSA, 233, 236 skandaka 86 sthAnAMga 202, 203, 205 snAtaka nirgrantha 216 sneha rAga 33. svAdhyAya tapa 157, 164 sthira paripATI 266 sthirIkaraNa 151, 153 harikezI 86 haribhadra (AcArya) 100, 117, 216 hAsyavaza bhASaNa tyAga 143 hetu nipuNa 177 hemacandrAcArya 17, 21, 28, 105, 117, 127 hemakIrti 126 [tRtIya se navama kalikA ] agurulaghutva ( guNa) 166, 237 aghAtI karma 165 akSayasthiti (avagAhanA) 196 akaSAya 183 akriyAvAdI 106, 107, 108, 106, akSara zruta 63 acitta mahAskandha 220 ajIva 203, 217
Page #635
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ pariziSTa 1 | 303 .. ajIva tattva 77, 78, 76, 81, 82, anekAntavAda 275, 260-264 anaMgakrIr3A 256 ajIva pariNAma 244, 245 antara dvIpa 131 aNuvrata 255, 262 antarAyakarma 163, 165, 174, 185 atadAkAra (asadbhAva) sthApanAMnikSepa 166 antarAya karmabandha ke kAraNa 172 . atithi saMvibhAga vrata 268, 271 apakvAhAra 267 atibhAra 256 apadhyAnAcarita 267 ativadha-niSpanna 264 aparigRhItAgamana 256 addhAkAla 226, 227 apavartanA 178, 176, 180, 181 adRSTavAda. 145 apazcima-mAraNAMntika saMlekhanA-joSaNA adharmAstikAya 61, 126, 128, 206, ArAdhanAvrata 273 .... 207, 208, 214, 215, 217, 216. aparyavasita zruta 66 222, 223, 230 apunarAgamana 163 adharma (dravya) 203, 212, 213 apratyavekSita duSpratyavekSita uccAra-prasavaadhodizA parimANAtikrama 263 NabhUmi 270 adholoka 133, 143 apratyavekSita-duSpratyavekSita zayyA saMstAraka anakSara zruta 63 270 anagAra cAritra dharma 250 apramAda 183 anantavIrya 166 apramAjita-duSpramArjita uccAra prasravaNa anantAnubandhI krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha bhUmi 271 255 apramAjita duSpramArjita zayyAsaMstAraka anantAnubandhI-viyojaka 160 270-271 anarthadaNDa viramaNabata 262, 267 abaddha nokarma 161, 162 anavasthita karaNa 266 abhidhamma 215 anazana (tapa) 183 amUrtatA 166 anAtmabhUta lakSaNa 211 arthanaya 283, 285 anAdizruta 66 arthAvagraha 61 anukampA 255 aloka 126, 127, 128, 136, 213 anupasevya 264 214, 222, 223 anubhAga bandha 163 alokAkAza 135, 216, 226 anubhAva 175, 177 albarTa AInsTIna 127, 126 anumAna 54 avagraha 61, 276 anumAna (pramANa) 54, 277, 278, 279 avadhijJAna 66, 276 anekAnta 155 avasarpiNI 228
Page #636
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 304 | pariziSTa 1 avAya 276 116, 117, 118, 116, 120, 121, avirata samyagdRSTi 248 . . 122, 123 avirapti 248 Atyantika kSaya 182, 186 avrata 182 AdhyAtmika vikAsa krama 200 avyAbAdha sukha 166 Anayana prayoga 266 azubhanAma karmabandha ke kAraNa 172 ApAta bhadra 176, 177 asaMkhya pradezAtmaka (jIva kA lakSaNa) 85 AyuSya karma 163, 166 174, 185, asaMjJizruta 63 166 asAtAvedanIya karmabandha ke kAraNa 170 ArambhajA himA 256 asurakumAra deva 133, 134 Arogya ghAtaka 264 asvataMtra kAlavAdI 218 ArtadhyAna 183, 184 astikAya 204, 205, 206 AvalikA 227 . astikAya dharma 28, 52, 125, 202- Avazyaka sUtra 63, 65 206, 205, 246 Astikya 105, 106, 110, 142, astitvaguNa 237 144, 255 AkAza 126, 203, 206, 216, Asrava 163, 167, 182, 183 / 217, 216, 222, 223, 224, 225 Asrava tatva 77, 78, 76, 66, 67 AsravadvAra 182 AkAza dravya 214 AhAra saMjJA 86 AkAza zreNI 198 icchAparimANa vrata 260 . AkAzAstikAya 61, 208, 206, 215 itvarikAparigRhItAgamana 258 223 indriya pratyakSa 276, 277 Agama 54, 277, 280 islAma dharma 163 Agamadravya nikSepa 286 ihalokAzaMsA prayoga 273 AgAra 225 Ithara (gati sahAyaka tatva) 215 AgAra cAritra dharma 250 IzvarakartRtvavAdI 138, 175. 163 AgAra dharma 274 IhA 276 AgneyI dhAraNA 185, 186 ucca gotrakamabaMdha ke kAraNa 172 AcAra dharma 250 uttarakuru 131 AcArAMga sUtra 105 uttarAdhyayanasUtra 63, 66 Atmadharma 143 utkAlika sUtra 65 AtmabhUta lakSaNa 211 utsarpiNI 228 AtmavAda 105, 106, 107, 110, udvartanA 178, 176, 180, 181 123, 144, 182, 203, 220 : udaya 178, 176, 180, 181 AtmA 111, 112, 113, 114, 115 udayAvalikA 180
Page #637
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ pariziSTa 1 | 305 udIraNA 178, 180 karmoM ke bandha ke kAraNa 168 upabhoga paribhoga parimANavata 263, karmabandha kA krama 167 karmo ke krama kA rahasya 173 upabhoga paribhogAiratte 268 karmabandha kI prakriyA aura kAraNa 166 upabhogAntarAya 173 karmoM ke anubhAva 177-178 upabhogya-paribhogya padArtha (26 padArtha) karmoM kI uttara prakRtiyAM 174 264-265 karmoM kI dasa avasthAeM 178 upazama 178, 180 karmoM kA phala vipAka 175 upazamaka 160 karmoM kI sthiti 174, 175 upazAntamoha 160 karmavargaNA 155, 163 upAsakadazAMga sUtra 45 karmavAda 105, 106, 106, 110, umAsvAti 8 144-181, 182, 246 Urdhvagati 194, 197 karmavAda 246 UrdhvagatizIla (jIva kA lakSaNa) 87-88 karmabhUmika kSetra 131, 142 UrdhvadizA parimANAtikrama 263 karmAdAna (pandraha) 266 UdhvaMloka 126 kalyANaphalavipAka 177 RSabhadeva 17 kaSAya 182, 186 RjusUtra naya 283, 285, 287 kAmabhogatIvabhilASA 260 eka-aneka 236 kAmabhogAzaMsa prayoga 273 ekatva pratyabhijJAna 277, 278 vAya duSpraNidhAna 266 ekatvavitarkanirvicAra 187, 188 kAraNa-kAryavAda 146 ekAntavAda 261 kAruNya 4, 5, 6 airAvata (kSetra) 131, 198 kArmaNa vargaNA 154, 163, 174, 175 evaMbhUta naya 286, 287 kAla (paMca samavAya meM) 168 kaThopaniSada 118 kAla 61, 150, 203, 204, 205, kandarpa 267 . 206, 208, 206, 219, 228 kanyAlIka 257 kAlagaNanA tAlikA 227-228 / / karma 144, 145, 150, 153, 154, kAlacakra 228 155, 156, 157, 158, 156, 160, kAladravya 217, 226 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166 kAladravya (upakAra) 231 167, 168, 181, 182, 183, 186, kAlaloka 125, 126, 135 / / 160, 161, 162, 163 kAlavAda 147 karmaparamANu 155, 175, 182, 160 kAlazuddhi 268 kama-pudgala 156, 163 kAlANu 218 karmabandha 162, 163, 183 kAlAtikrama 272
Page #638
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 306 | pariziSTa 1 kAlika sUtra 65 kAlodAyI 176, 177 kupyapramANAtikrama 261 kuladharma 28, 36, 40, 41, 42 kUTatulA kUTamAna 258 kUTalekha 257 kUTasAkSI 257 kevalajJAna 70, kevaladarzana 196 kautkucya 268 kramabhAvI guNa 236 kramabhAvI guNa- paryAya 242-43 187, 166 kriyA naya 283 kriyAvAda 105, 106, 110, 144 kriyAvAdI 106 107, 108, 106, ghanodadhi 224. ghAtIkarma 164 kSaNikavAda 146 35, 36, 37, 38 gItA 123, 150, 163 guNadharma - upakAratva nirNaya 221 guNa-paryAyoM kA sAdharmya - vaidharmya 242 guNoM meM sAdharmya - vaidharmya 238-236 guNavrata 262, 263, 267 guNasthAna 188, 186, 160 guNasthAna (cauhada ) 200-202 gRhastha kA vizeSa dharma 254 gotrakarma 163, 165, 174, 185, 166 gautama gaNadhara 125, 126, 141, 167 15, 16, 230, 261 dhanavAta 224 kSapaka 160 kSAyaka samyaktva 166 kSINamoha 160 kSIrasamudra 185 kSullakabhava 227 kSetraloka 125, 126, 135. kSetra vAstu parimANAtikrama 261 kSetra vRddhi 263 kSetrazuddhi 268 catubhaMgI 240-241 cAra zreNiyA~ 166 - 200 cAritradharma 28, 37, 41, 50, 51, 52 53, 55, 56, 142, 247, 246 250 cAritramoha 248 cittagata vAsanA vAda 146 110 gaNadhara 44 gaNadharma 28, 42, 43, 44, 45 gamika zruta 66 gavAlIka 257 gArgI 141 grAmadharma 28, 29, 30, 32, 33, 34, chaddmastha 260 chaviccheda 256 chaha dravyoM kA upakAratva nirNaya 226, ceTaka rAjA 43 caudaha niyama 265. 230 chaha dravyoM kA guNa - paryAya nirNaya 236, chAndogya upaniSada 117 jayantI ( zrAvikA ) 26 1 jambUdvIpa 130,131,132 jina 160 jIva 203,204,206,208, 210, 214, 217,216, 220, 221,222,230, jIvatatva 72,73,77, 78,76, 81, 82 83-61 jIva dravya (upakAra) 235
Page #639
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ pariziSTa 11307 jIva pariNAma 244,245 . .. darzanAvaraNIya karmavandha ke kAraNa 166 jIvAstikAya 210,220,228 ... dalika karma 161 jIvitAzaMsa prayoga 273 . dazavaikAlika 54,63,64 :: . jyotiSka devaloka 132 . . dazAzrutaskandha 63,64 .... . sazarIra noAgama dravya nikSepa 286 dasavidha dharma 1 . jJAna naya 282,283 dAnAntarAya 173 jJAnAvaraNIya karma 163,164,167,168 dikparimANa vrata 262 .. .. 173,185,166, dvipada-catuSpada pramANAtikrama 261 jJAnAvaraNIya karma bandha ke kAraNa 168 duSpakvAhAra 267 .... jJAnopayoga 173 devakuru 131 . tatpratirUpaka vyavahAra 258 .... . devAyuSya baMdha ke kAraNa 171 tattva 71,72,73, 74,76,77, 78-76 dezavirati 21,27 tattvarUpavatI dhAraNa dezAvakAzika vrata 268,266,270 tattvArthasUtra 162,186 deha parimANa (jIva kA lakSaNa) 86,87 tavyatirikta noAgama dravya nikSepa 286 daivavAda (bhAgyavAda) 146 260 dravya Avazyaka 286 tadAkAra (sadbhAva) nikSepa 288 dravya karma 158 tanuvAta 224 dravyatva 237 tapa 183 dravyanikSepa 286, takaM 54,277,278 dravya parigraha 260 taskara prayoga 257 dravya prANa 83 tiryaka dizAparimANAtikrama 263 dravya loka 125 tiryaka pracaya 205 dravya zuddhi 268 tiryaMcAyuSya bandha ke kAraNa 171 dravya zru ta 57 tIrthakara 187 dravyAthikanaya 282 tucchauSadhibhakSaNa 267 dhana-dhAnya pramANAtikrama 261 taittirIya upaniSada 117 dharmadhyAna 183, 184, 160 trasa 10 dharma 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, trasavadha niSyanna 264 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 31 darzana 54 53, 54 darzanamoha 248,246 dharmadravya 203, 212, 213, 214, 215 darzana mohanIya 167 darzana moha kSapaka 260 dharmAstikAya 61, 126, 128, 205, darzanAvaraNIya 163,164, 167, 173, 206, 207, 208, 214, 215, 217, 185,166 221, 230
Page #640
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 308 | pariziSTa 1 dhAtakI khaNDa dvIpa 131 no karma 161 dhAraNA 276 - nyAya-vaizeSika 123 dhyAna 183 nyAsApahAra 257 dhyAna-sAdhanA 183 ... nyUTana (vaijJAnika) 215 nagara dharma 28, 29, 33, 34, 35, 36, padastha dhyAna 184, 186 37, 38 paraguNakartA 156 nandIsUtra 60,63,64 paramANu 216, 220 220 / naya 60, 275, 280, 281, 282 paralokAzaMsa prayoga 273 : nayavAda 275, 280, 287, 264 .. paravivAhakaraNa 256 narakabhUmi (sAta) 133-134 parabyapadeza 272 narakAyupya bandha ke kAraNa 170 . parArthAnumAna 278, 276 nAma karma 163,165, 174, 185,166 parArthAnumAna ke avayava 280 nAma nikSepa 288, 286 parigraha saMjJA 86 nikAcanA 178, 180 pariNAmabhadra 176, 177 nikAcita kama 160, 161 pariNAmavAda 244 nityAnitya 236 .. pariNAmavizuddhi 160 nidhatti 178, 180 pariNAmo nitya 244, 245... niyati 168 paritta saMsArI 57 niyativAda 148,146 parISaha jaya 246 nirupakrama karma 161 parokSa pramANa 277 nirjarA 156, 167, 183, 160, 248 paryAyAthika naya 282 .... 274 palyopama 228 nirjarA tattva 77, 78, 76 66 paMcakAraNavAda 147 nirveda 255 paMcakAraNasamavAyavAda 146, 150 / nizIthasUtra 63, 65 paMcAdhyAyI 74 nizcaya naya 282, 283 paMcAstikAya 166, 204 nizcaya samyagdarzana 75 pANDakavana 185 nikSepa 60.287,288 pANDukazilA 185 nikSepavAda 287-260, 264 pAdapopagamana anazana vrata 272.. nIca gotrakarma bandha ke kAraNa 172 pApakarmopadeza 267 nemicandra AcArya 232 pApa tattva 77, 78, 76, 81, 62, naiyAyika 122, 137 naigamanaya 283, 284 287 pApaphala vipAka 176 noAgama dravya nikSepa 286 pAramArthika pratyakSa 276, 277 noindriya pratyakSa. 276 277 pArthivI dhAraNA 185
Page #641
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ pariziSTa 1 | 306 pASaNDa dharma 28, 37, 38, 36 pramANa 60, 275, 276, 280 piNDastha dhyAna 184, 185, 186 . pramANakAla 226 puNya tatva 77, 78, 81, 62, 63, 64 pramANa kA phala 276 15 pramANavAda 275, 280, 264 puNya bandha 186 pramAda 182, 264 pudgala 126, 142, 154, 203, 204 / pramAdAcarita 267 206, 208, 210, 214, 217, 216 prameyatva 237 . 220, 221, 222 pramoda 4, 5, 6, pudgala karma 154 prazamarati prakaraNa 68 pudgala paramANu 228 . praznavyAkaraNa sUtra 38 pudgala parAvartana 226, 228 prajJApanA sUtra 161, 244 pudgala pariNAma 175 prANa 83 pudgala prakSepaM 270 prANa (zvAsocchavAsa) 227, 228 / pudgalAstikAya 61, 211, 212, prANAtipAta 176 216, 228 prAyazcitta (tapa) 183 pudgalAstikAya (upakAra) 232-33 / / preSya prayoga 266 pudgalAstikAya (pariNAma) 233-235 proSadhopavAsavrata 268, 270, 271 / pudgalI (poggalI) 216 baddha nokarma 161, 162, puruSavAda 146 baMdha 156, 167 178, 176, 256 puruSArtha 168 bandha (kaba) 166 puruSArthavAda 146 bandha tattva 77, 76 100, 163 puSkaradvIpa 131 bandha ke niyama 167 puSkarArdhadvIpa 131 bandha ke prakAra 163 pUrva 228 buddha 122 pUrvakRta karmakSaya 168 bRhatkalpasUtra 63, 64 pUrvajJAnI 187 bRhadAraNyakopaniSada 116, 141 pRthaktvavitarka-savicAra 187, 188 bhaktapAna viccheda 256 prakRtibandha 163 bhagavatI sUtra 83, 127, 167, 176, prakRtivAda 146 165, 205, 206, pratyabhijJAna 277 bhadrabAhu (AcArya) 50, 62 pratyakSa pramANa 276 bhaya saMjJA 86 pradezabandha 163 bharata (kSetra) 168, 131, 132 pradezavatva 237 bhaviSya naigamanaya 284 pradezI rAjA 116 bhavya zarIra noAgama dravya nikSepa 286, pradezodaya 176 260 87 .
Page #642
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 310 | pariziSTa 1 bhAvakarma 958 bhAvanaya 282 bhAva parigraha 260 bhAvaprANa 83 bhAvaroga (karma) 270 bhAva loka 127 bhAvazuddhi 268 bhAvazruta 57 bhUtanaigamanaya 284 bhUtavAda 146 bhUmyAlIka 257 bhogAntarAya karma 173 matijJAna 61,62 matsaratA 272 madhyaloka 130, 131, 132,133,142 manuSyAyuSya baMdha ke kAraNa 171 manoduSpraNidhAna 269 manaH paryavajJAna 70, 276 maraNakAla 226 maraNAzaMsa prayoga 276 malayagiri (AcArya) 213 mahApratihArya 187 mahAvideha (kSetra) 198 mahAvIra bhagavAna 7, 8 25,45,63,125 127,136,141,167, 176, 195, 166 207,230,246 maMkhalI gozAlaka 148 mAdhyasthya bhAvanA 4, 5, 6 mAnuSottara parvata 131 mAyAvAda 146 mAruti dhAraNA 186 mArgAnusArI ke guNa 250 mASa tuSa 187 mithyAtva 182 mithyAtvamohanIya 255 mithyAdarzana zalya 176 mithyAta 60,66 mohanI 255 mImAMsaka 123 muktAtmAoM ke 31 guNa 166 mukti kI prakriyA 186 mRSopadeza 257 meruparvata 133 maMtrI 4, 5, 6, maithunasaMjJA 86 mokSa 182, 102, 186, 161, 162, 163, 14, 17, 18, 199, 200, 201, 202, 274 mohanIya 163, 164, 174, 185, 166, 260 mohanIya karmabandha ke kAraNa 170 mokSa tattva 77, 78, 76, 101 mokSavAda 182202 maukharya 268 yathAyunivRtti kAla 226 yadRcchAvAda 148-146 yAjJavalkya 141 yoga 182 ramyaka (kSetra) 131 rahasyAbhyAkhyAna 257 rAjapraznIya sUtra 116 rAtri bhojana viramaNa vrata 25 rAmAnujI 123 rASTra dharma 28, 26, 35, 36, 37, 38, 43, 45 rUpasthadhyAna 184, 186 rUpAtIta dhyAna 184, 187 rUpAnupA 270 rohagupta 136 dhyAna 183, 184
Page #643
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ pariziSTa 1 | 311 - lava 228 . viruddha rAjyAtikrama 257 lAbhAntarAya 173. . vizeSa gRhastha dharma 250 lezyA 177 vizeSa saMgrahanaya 285 loka 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, vizeSAvazyaka bhASya 163 126, 136, 137, 138, 136, 140 vizva sthiti ke mUla sUtra 140 141, 142, 163, 204, 207, 213, vIryAntarAya 173 214, 223 vedanIya karma 163, 165, 173, 185 lokavAda 105, 106, 107, 110 14 . 124, 142, 144, 203 / vedamohanIya karma 258 lokAkAza 216, 218, 223 vedAntI 122, 137 lokAgrabhAga 167 vaiyAvRttya 183 lokAloka 223 . vaizeSika darzana 137, 164 lokottara kUla 42 vaisAdRzya pratyabhijJAna 277, 278 lokottara gaNadharma 43 vyavahAra cAritra 246 lokottara saMghadharma 48, 46, 51, 52 vyavahAra naya 283, 283, 285, 287 lokottara dharma 28, 29, 30, 31, 40 vyavahAra samyagdarzana 71, 75 laikika kula 41, 42 vyavahAra sUtra 63, 65 laukika gaNadharma 43 vyutsarga 183 laikika dharma 28, 29, 30, 31 vyuparatakriyAnivRtti (samucchinnakriyA laukika-lokottara dharma 28 nivRtti) 187, 186 laukika saMgha dharma 47, 48, 52 vrata 183 vartamAna naigamanaya 284 vrata dharma 38, 36 vaktavya-avaktavya 240 vrata dharma 31, 36 vadha 256 zabdanaya 283, 286, 287 vastutva 237 zabdAnupAta 270 vyaMjanAvagraha 61 zama 255 vAk duSpraNidhAna 266 zAstra68 / vAruNI dhAraNA 186 zikSAvrata 268 vikala pratyakSa 276 / zukladhyAna 183, 187, 160 vitarka (zrutajJAna) 187 , zuddhopayoga 183 videha (kSetra) 131 zubhanAma karmabandha ke kAraNa 171 vinaya (tapa) 183 zramaNopAsaka 254 vipAka sUtra 63 zrAvaka 160, 254 vipAkodaya 176 zrAvaka dharma 274 virata 160 zrAvaka (kI gyAraha) pratimA 274
Page #644
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 312 | pariziSTa 1 zrAvaka (ke tIna) manoratha 272 103, 105 zruta 56, 58 samyagdRSTi 160 zruta dharma 28, 37, 41, 50, 51, 52 samyaka zruta 60, 63 53, 55, 56, 57, 58, 70, 71, 105, sahabhAvI guNa 236 142, 144, 247, 248, 246, 264 sahabhAvI (sAmAnya) guNa 237 zrutajJAna 62, 275 sahabhAvI (vizeSa) guNa 237, 238 zvetAzvatara upaniSada 150 sahasAbhyAkhyAna 257 Sar3a dravyoM ke nitya guNa 226 saMkoca-vikAsazIla (jIva kA lakSaNa) 85 SaD dravyoM kA mUlya nirNaya 221 saMkramaNa 178, 180 SaD dravyoM kA vastutva nirNaya 221 saMgrahanaya 283, 284, 287 Sar3a dravyoM kA svarUpa nirNaya 221 / saMgha dharma 28,45,46,47,48,46,50,51 sakala pratyakSa 276 saMyuktAdhikaraNa 268 sacitta nikSepaNa 271 saMlekhanA-saMthArA 273 sacittavidhAna 271 saMvara 182, 183, 248 sA~catta pratibaddhAhAra 267 . saMvara tattva 77, 78, 67,68, 66 sacittAhAra 266 saMvega 255 sat-asat 236 saMjJi zruta 63 satkAryavAda 245 sAta hetu 276 sattA 178, 176, 181 . sAtAvedanIya 160 saparyavasita zruta 66 sAtAvedanIya karmabandha ke kAraNa 166 saptabhaMgI 262, 263, 264 sAdizruta 66 samantabhadra 54, 67 sAdRzya pratyabhijJAna 277, 278 samabhirUr3ha naya 286, 287 sApekSatA 261 samavasaraNa 187 . sAmAphalasutta 148 samaya 226, 227 sAmAnya gRhastha dharma 250 samayakSetra 130 sAmAnya saMgrahanaya 285 samAdhimaraNa 272, 273, 274 sAmAyika vrata 268, 266 samudghAta 87 sAMkhya 122, 123, 137 samyak ananupAlanatA 271 sAMvyavahArika pratyakSa 276, 277 samyak cAritra 76 siddhajIva 222 samyagjJAna 58, 56, 61, 70, 71, 76 siddhazilA 130 . samyaktva 183, 255 siddhasena divAkara 67, 150 samyaktva ke pA~ca aticAra 255 siddhAvagAhanA 198 . samyaktva mohanIya 255 siddhi 222 samyagdarzana 71, 72, 73, 74, 76, siddhi sthAna 222
Page #645
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ pariziSTa 1 | 313 sumeru parvata 185 syAt asti nAsti avaktavya 263,264 sUtrakRtAMga 151 syAt nAsti avaktavya 263, 264 sUtraprAbhRta 72 syAdvAda 260 sUkSma kriyApratipAtI 187, 188 svacchanda vRtti 254 sUkSma zarIra yoga 188 svataMtra kAlavAdI 218 somadeva sUri 30 svadAra maMtra bheda 257 sopakrama karma 161 svadAra saMtoSa vrata 258 skandaka 127 svabhAva 168 stenAhata 257 svabhAvavAda 147 stoka 228 svArthAnumAna 278.276 sthAnAMga sUtra 37,38, 136, 140, 226 svAdhyAya 183 . sthApanAnikSepa 288, 286 sthitibandha 163 sthAvara 60 sthitibaddha 163 sthUla adattAdAna viramaNa 256, 257 sthitiyukta 163 sthUla parigraha parimANa brata 256, 260 hari (kSetra) 131 sthUla prANAtipAta viramaNa 255, 256 haribhadra sUri 1;148,150,254 . sthUla mRSAvAda viramaNa 256, 257 hAna 76 sthUla maithuna viramaNa 256, 258 hAnopAya 76 smRti 277 hiraNya suvarNa parimANAtikrama 261 smRti-avakaraNa 266 hiMsrapradAna 267 smRti antardhAna 263 , hemavata 131 syAt avaktavya 263, 264 heya 76 syAt-asti 262, 264 heyahetu 76 syAtasti avaktavya 263, 264 hairaNyavata (kSetra) 131 syAtaasti-nAsti 263, 264
Page #646
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ pariziSTa 2 vivecana meM prayukta sandarbha grantha sUcI AcArAMga sUtra sUtrakRtAMga sUtra sUtrakRtAMga (niryukti) TIkA sahita. sthAnAMga sUtra (vRttiyukta) samavAyAMga (TIkA sahita) bhagavatI sUtra (abhayadeva bRtti sahita ) jJAtAdharmaM kathA upAsakadazA upAsaka dazAvRtti antakRddazA anuttaropapAtikadazA praznavyAkaraNa sUtra vipAka sUtra aupapAtika sUtra rAjapraznIya sUtra jIvAbhigama sUtra prajJApanA sUtra jambUdvIpaprajJapti jambUdvIpaprajJapti (vRtti) nirayAvalakA isabhA siyAI IzopaniSad aitareya upaniSad kaThopaniSad uttarAdhyayana sUtra karmagrantha, bhAga 1 uttarAdhyayana sUtra ( bhAvavijaya gaNIkRta ( AcArya devaprabha sUri ) karma prakRti TIkA) araaron sUtra ( haribhadrIyA vRtti) nandI sUtra dazAzra utaskandha Avazyaka cUrNi (jinadAsa mahattara) Avazyaka (hAribhadrayA TIkA) vizeSAvazyaka bhASya oghaniyukti bhAratIya manISiyoM ke grantha atijina stavana (upAdhyAya devacandra ) anyayogavyavacchedikA dvAtriMzikA . ( AcArya hemacandra ) abhidhAnacitAmaNi koSa amara koSa amitagati dvAtrizikA ( AcArya amitagati ) ( sAmAyika pATha ) arhanamaskarAvalikA dazAzrutaskandha vRtti Avazyaka sUtra Avazyaka niyukti AgamasAra AtmamImAMsA kaSAya prAbhRta koSakI upaniSad gaNadharavAda gommaTasAra jIvakAMDa ( AcArya nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI) caturviMzatistaba
Page #647
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ pariziSTa 2/315 cANakya nIti cAra tIrthakara (paM0 sukhalAla jI) cAritrAcAra cArvAka darzana (AcArya bRhaspati) chAndogya upaniSad jaina tatva prakAza jainadarzana ke maulika tatva jJAnArNava (AcArya zubhacandra) . tatvajJAna taraMgiNI tatvArtha bhASya tatvArthasUtra (saMpAdaka paM0 sukhalAla jI) tatvArtha siddhasenIyA TIkA tatvArthaM sarvArtha siddhi (AcArya pUjyapAda) tatvArtharAjavArtika (bhaTTAkalaMka deva) tatvArtha zlokavArtika (AcArya vidyAnandi) tatvopaplava -zAMka ra bhASya tarkasaMgraha tarkasaMgraha TIkA tejobindu upaniSad taittirIya upaniSad dIghanikAya dharmaparIkSA dharmabindu (AcArya haribhadra) nava tatva prakaraNa nItivAkyAmRta (somadeva sUri) nyAya maMjarI nyAya siddhAnta muktAvalI (tatva dIpikA) nyAya sUtra nyAyAvatAra nyAyAvatAra TIkA paMcAdhyAyI (pAMDe rAjamalla) paMcAstikAyasAra (AcArya kundakunda) prabhAvaka caritra pramANanayatatvAloka pramANa-mImAMsA pravacanasAra (AcArya kundakunda) pravacanasAra vRtti pravacanasAroddhAra prazamarati prakaraNa (vAcaka umAsvAti) bRhadravya saMgrahavRtti bRhadravya saMgraha (AcArya nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI) bRhadAraNyaka upaniSada brahmajAla sutta brahmasUtra bhaktAmara stotra (AcArya mAnatuMga) bhagavad gItA majjhamanikAya manusmRti (AcArya manu) mahAkarmaprakRti prAbhRta (AcArya bhUtabali puSpadanta) SaTkhaNDAgama) mahAdeva stotra (AcArya hemacandra)
Page #648
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 316 / pariziSTa 2 mahAbhArata mahAvIra cariyaM mANDUkya upaniSada mAdhyamika kArikA muNDaka upaniSad yazastilaka campU ( somadeva sUri ) yogabindu ( AcArya haribhadra ) yogavAziSTha yogazAstra ( AcArya hemacandra ) yogazAstrasvopajJa vRtti ratnakaraMDa zrAvakAcAra: ( AcArya samaMtabhadra) ratnAkarAvatArikA (TIkA) loka prakAza visuddhimaggo vItarAga stava ( AcArya hemacandra ) vedAnta darzana vedAnta darzana ( zAMkara bhASya ) vaizeSika sUtra zakrastava ( namotthuNaM pATha) zAstravArtA samuccaya ( AcArya haribhadra) zramaNa satra zvetAzvatara upaniSad Sadarzana samuccaya sammati prakaraNa samayasAra ( AcArya kundakunda ) sAMkhyakArikA sUtra prAbhRta saMbodha sattarI saMbodha sattarI TIkA ( guNa vijayavAcaka) hAribhadrIya aSTaka hitopadeza pazcimI vidvAnoM ke grantha Jacobi Sacred TOP East, Vol XIV mAkha kI kahAnI Hollywood R & T.; Instruction Lesson No. What is Ether ! Wheettakar From Euelid to Eddington Principia MathematicaEnglish translation by Mottu Carzoria, Books of the :
Page #649
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sammatiyAM grantha ke parizIlana tathA paryavalokana se yaha spaSTa hai jaina dharma tathA darzana se sambaddha prAyaH sabhI viSaya isa atyanta prAmANika, zAstrIya tathA yuktiyukta rUpa vyAkhyAta hue haiM / anyAnya darzanoM meM una-una viSayoM pa hue nirUpaNa ke sAtha jo tulanAtmakaM evaM samIkSAtma vivecana kiyA gayA hai, vaha gaharI sUkSmatA A~ talasparzitA lie hue haiN| badhAI ! - yuvAcArya madhukara mui 'jaina tatva kalikA' grantha sacamuca hI jaina darzana evaM dha kA adhikRta samagra grantha kahA jA sakatA hai| eka grantha meM sampUrNa jaina dharma-darzana kA sAra samA gayA hai| AcArya samrATa AgamoM ke gahana abhyAsI aura pAragAma the| unakI racanA kA akSara-akSara jaina Agama maNiya kI chavi se pratibhASita hai / AcArya zrI kI mahAna kR ko navIna pariveza meM prastuta karane meM sampAdaka dvaya mahatI yazasvitA prApta kI hai| - muni kanhaiyAlAla 'kamala' (Agama anuyoga pravartaka zraddhAspada AcArya deva kI amara kRti 'jaina tatva kaliva 'vikAsa' kA navIna sampAdita rUpa dekhakara mana praphulli huA, isI prakAra anya sAhitya bhI prastuta kiyA jA to jaina darzana ke jijJAsuoM ko bahuta lAbha hogA: me zata-zata badhAI / - jJAna mu 'jaina tatva kalikA' kA parizIlana karane para ai anubhava huA- eka hI grantha gAgara meM jaina darzana va sAgara sUkSma rUpa meM samAviSTa ho gayA hai| isa praza prayatna ke lie bdhaaii....| - devendra muni zAstra
Page #650
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ - samyag vizvAsa-zradA aura samyag jJAna milakara hA samyak karma-cAritra kA AdhAra banatA hai aura tInoM kI samyag samArAdhanA hI AtmA ke paramasurava evaM parama Ananda kA utsa hai. - jaina tatvajJAna kI ukta tripuTIkA sarvAMgINa vivecana tathA deva, guru,dharma ke svarUpa kA sAMgopAMga samIkSaNa sannihita hai.- kalikA meM saurabha kI taraha. in ara jlil