Sanskrit Vyakaran Shastra ka Itihas 02

Author(s): Yudhishthir Mimansak
Publisher: Yudhishthir Mimansak
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/002283/1

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa (dvitIya bhAga) yudhiSThira mImAMsaka

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proma saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra itihAsa [ tIna bhAgoM meM pUrNa ] dvitIya bhAga [isa saMskaraNa meM pariSkAra tathA parivardhana ke kAraNa 33 pRSTha bar3he haiM] -yudhiSThira mImAMsaka

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[2] prakAzakayudhiSThira mImAMsaka bahAlagar3ha, jilA-sonIpata (harayANA) saMskaraNa prakAzana kAla pRSTha saMkhyA parivardhana prathama bhAga adhUrA mudraNa saM0 2004 300 (lAhaura meM naSTa) prathama saMskaraNa saM0 2007 457 150 pRSTha dvitIya saMskaraNa saM0 2020 582 125 pRSTha tRtIya saMskaraNa saM0 2030 640 58 pRSTha prastuta saMskaraNa saM0 2041 724 84 pRSTha dvitIya bhAga prathama saMskaraNa saM0 2016 dvitIya saMskaraNa saM0 2030 456 . . . 50 pRSTha prastuta saMskaraNa saM0 2041 488 32 pRSTha tRtIya bhAga prathama saMskaraNa saM0 2030 198 prastuta saMskaraNa meM aneka prakaraNa bar3hAye haiM / yaha abhI chapa rahA hai / sambhavataH isa bAra yaha bhAga 250 pRSThoM se adhika kA hogaa| 406 mUlyatInoM bhAga eka sAtha- 150/ mudrakacaturtha saMskaraNa 1000 zAntisvarUpa kapUra saM0 2041 vi0 rAmalAla kapUra TrasTa presa san 1984 I. bahAlagar3ha, jilA sonIpata, (harayANA)

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antima rUpa se saMzodhita pariSkRta pariSkRta aura parivardhita prastuta saMskaraNa 'saMskRta vyAkaraNa zAstra kA itihAsa' grantha ke dvitIya bhAga kA dvitIya saMskaraNa bhI kaI varSoM se aprApya ho cukA thA / parantu kaI prakAra kI vighna-bAdhAoM ke kAraNa isa saMskaraNa ke prakAzita hone meM vilamba huA / isa bAra bhI pUrva saMskaraNa ke samAna tInoM bhAgoM kA prakAzana eka sAtha kara rahA hUM / prathama aura dvitIya bhAga kA mudraNa sAtha-sAtha hone se dvitIya bhAga ke pichale saMskaraNa meM prathama bhAga meM likhe gaye viSaya kI sUcanA ke liye prathama bhAga kI jo pRSTha saMkhyA dI gaI thI, vaha nahIM dI jA sakI / ataH aise sthAnoM meM prathama bhAga ke prakaraNa kA hI nirdeza kiyA gayA hai / zArIrika sthiti ThIka na hone ke kAraNa maiM isa grantha ke prastuta antima rUpa se parizodhita evaM parivardhita saMskaraNa ko zIghra se zIghra prakAzita karanA cAhatA thA, jisa se yaha kArya kinhIM prAkasmika kAraNoM se adhUrA na raha jAye / vizeSa - dvitIya bhAga prathama bhAga chapane ke lagabhaga 11 varSa pazcAt prathama vAra chapA thA / isa dRSTi se yaha dvitIya bhAga kA tRtIya saMskaraNa hai, tathApi tInoM bhAgoM kI eka sAtha vikrI hone tathA pRthak pRthaka bhAgoM kI vikrI na karane ke kAraNa isa bAra isa bhAga ke mukha pRSTha para 'tRtIya saMskaraNa na chApakara caturtha saMskaraNa chApa rahA hUM, jisase saba bhAgoM ke saha prakAzana meM ekarUpatA A jAye / isa bhAga meM chupane ke pazcAt kucha Avazyaka saMzodhana aura parivardhana hue haiM, unheM tRtIya bhAga ke 10veM pariziSTa meM de rahA hUM / pAThaka mahAnubhAva se prArthanA hai ki una una sthAnoM ko usa ke anusAra saMzodhana karake tathA parivardhita aMzoM ko milA kara par3hane kI kRpA kareM /

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[4] apanI zArIrika asvasthatA ke kAraNa agalA saMskaraNa mere jIvana meM sambhavataH prakAzita nahIM hogaa| isaliye ise hI maiM antima saMskaraNa samajhatA hN| paramapitA paramAtmA kI anupama kRpA se yaha kArya kathaMcit pUrA ho gayA, isa kA mujhe santoSa hai| zrAvaNa pUrNimA, saM0 2041] viduSAM vazaMvada:11 agasta, san 1984 ) yudhiSThira mImAMsaka . vizeSa bhUla saMzodhana-dvitIya bhAga meM gaNapATha prakaraNa meM pRSTha 148; uNAdi-sUtra prakaraNa meM pRSTha 207, liGgAnuzAsana prakaraNa meM pRSTha 274 meM 'zantana' ke sthAna meM 'zAntanava' nAma honA caahiye| yaha bAta Age calakara phiTa-sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA nAmaka 27veM adhyAya meM nizcita huii| zeSa saMzodhana parivartana parivardhana tRtIya bhAga ke 10veM pariziSTa meM dekheN|

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bhUmikA [prathama saMskaraNa] mere 'saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa' kA prathama bhAga vi0 saM0 2007 meM prathama bAra prakAzita huA thA / usake lagabhaga sAr3he gyAraha varSa pazcAt usakA yaha dvitIya bhAga prakAzita ho rahA hai| ___ yadyapi isa dvitIya bhAga kI rUpa-rekhA bhI usI samaya bana gaI thI, jabaki prathama bhAga likhA gayA thA, parantu isa bhAga ke prakAzana ke lie kisI prakAzaka ke na milane, svayaM prakAzana meM asamartha hone, tathA anya asvasthatA Adi bahuvidha vighnoM ke kAraNa isakA prakAzana itane sudIrgha kAla meM bhI sampanna na ho sakA / sambhava hai, isa bhAga kA prakAzana kucha varSoM ke lie aura bhI rukA rahatA, parantu isa grantha ke prakAzana ke lie anAyAsa devI saMyoga ke upasthita ho jAne se isakA kathaMcit prakAzana isa samaya ho skaa| daivI saMyoga-pUrva prakAzita prathama bhAga bhI lagabhaga do varSa se sarvathA aprApya ho cukA thaa| usake punarmudraNa ke lie kathaMcit kucha vyavasthA karake kAgaja aura presakApI presa meM bheja dI gaI thI / isI kAla meM merA dehalI jAnA huA, vahAM DerAismAIla khAM ke bhUtapUrva nivAsI zrI paM0 bhImasena jI zAstrI se, jo samprati dehalI meM rahate haiM, milanA huaaa| prathama bhAga ke punarmudraNa-sambandhI bAtacIta ke prasaGga meM zrI zAstrI jI ne kahA ki yadi dvitIya bhAga, jo abhI taka nahIM chapA, pahale chapavAyA jAye to maiM 500 rupae kI sahAyatA kara sakatA huuN| maiMne zrI zAstrI jI ke sahayoga kI bhAvanA se prerita hokara prathama-bhAga ke punarmudraNa kA vicAra sthagita karake pahale dvitIya bhAga ke prakAzana kI vyavasthA kii| devI vighna-- maiM nirantara kaI varSoM se asvastha rahatA AyA hUM, punarapi adhyayanarUpI vyasana se baMdhA huA kucha na kucha likhanA par3hanA calatA rahatA hai / isI ke pariNAma svarUpa isa bhAga meM prAyaH sabhI adhyAya zanaiH zanaiH likhe jA cuke the| pUrva nirdiSTa devI saMyoga se

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[ 6 ] gata apraila meM dvitIya bhAga ke mudraNa kI kAzI meM vyavasthA kI / mudraNa kArya Arambha huA / isI bIca agasta mAsa meM roga kI bhayakaratA bar3ha gaI / auSadhopacAra se kisI prakAra zAnti na milane para zalya-cikitsA kA Azraya lenA anivArya ho gayA, aura 5 agasta ko vRkka kI zalya cikitsA karAnI paDI, aura kaI mAsa isI nimitta laga gaye / rogavRddhi se pUrva presa meM pUrI kApI nahIM bhejI thI, ataH preSita kApI ke samApta hone para mudraNa kArya ruka gayA / kucha svastha hone para agalI kApI presa meM bhejI, parantu madhya meM ruke hue kArya ke punaH prArambha hone meM bhI samaya lagatA svAbhAvika thA / isa prakAra jo kArya gata akTUbara 1961 taka samApta hone vAlA thA, vaha aba apraila 1962 meM jAkara samApta ho rahA hai / punarapi yaha parama santoSa kA viSaya hai ki svastha ho jAne se grantha pUrA to ho gayA, anyathA adhUrA hI raha jAtA / dvitIya bhAga kA viSaya - isa bhAga meM vyAkaraNa- zAstra ke sAtha sAkSAt athavA paramparA se kathamapi sambandha rakhanevAle dhAtupATha, gaNapATha, ugAdi sUtra, liGgAnuzAsana, paribhASApATha, phiT-sUtra, prAtizAkhya, vyAkaraNa viSayaka dArzanika grantha, zrora lakSya - pradhAna kAvya Adi ke pravaktA, praNetA aura vyAkhyAtA prAcAryoM ke itivRtta para prakAza DAlane kA prayatna kiyA hai / vaise to byAkaraNa-zAstra ke itihAsa para mere se pUrva kisI bhI lekhaka ne kisI bhI bhASA meM kramabaddha aura vistRta rUpa se nahIM likhA, punarapi dvitIya bhAga meM varNita prakaraNa to itihAsa-lekhakoM se prAyaH sarvathA achUte hI haiN| isalie isa bhAga meM jo kucha bhI likhA gayA hai, prAyaH use maiMne prathama bAra hI likhane kA prayAsa kiyA hai / pratyeka prArambhika prayatna meM kucha na kucha truTiyoM aura nyUnatAnoM kA rahanA 1. isa bhAga meM kevala 'gaNapATha' kA prakaraNa aisA hai, jisa para mere mitra pro0 kapiladeva jI sAhityAcArya ema0 e0, pIeca DI0 ne mujhase pUrva vistRta rUpa se likhA hai aura usakA prathamaM bhAMga 'gaNapATha kI paramparA aura prAcArya pANini' isI pratiSThAna dvArA prakAzita huA hai / isa grantha se 'gaNapATha' prakaraNa ke likhane meM mahatI sahAyatA milI hai, parantu hama donoM kI dRSTi meM antara hone se mere dvArA likhe gaye isa prakaraNa meM bhI svavaiziSTya vidyamAna hai|

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[7] svAbhAvika hai aura asvasthatA ke kAla meM kie kArya meM to unakI sambhAvanA aura bhI adhika svAbhAvika hai| maiM apanI truTiyoM aura nyUnatAmoM se svayaM pariricita hUM, parantu jina paristhitiyoM meM yaha grantha prakAzita ho rahA hai, isase adhika maiM kucha bhI prayAsa karane meM asamartha thA / ataH avaziSTa rahI truTiyoM ke lie pAThaka mahAnubhAvoM se kSamA cAhatA hUM / yadi isa bhAga ke punama draNa kA saMyoga upasthita ho sakA, to usa samaya unheM dUra karane kA prayatna kiyA jaayegaa| prathama bhAga ke sambandha meM yataH merA 'saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa' apane viSaya kA prathama grantha hai| isalie grantha ke prakA. zita hone para sabhI prakAra kI vicAradhArAoM ke mAnanevAle vidvAnoM aura lekhakoM ne isa grantha se bahuta lAbha uttaayaa| katipaya saMkucita manovRtti tathA pAzcAttya kalpita aitihAsika matoM ko binA parIkSA kie svIkAra karanevAle 'parapratyayaneyabuddhi' rUr3hivAdI lekhakoM ke atirikta prAyaH sabhI vidvAnoM ne prathama bhAga kA svAgata kiyaa| AgarA paJjAba Adi vizvavidyAlayoM ne saMskRta ema0 e0 meM ise pAThya-grantha ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyaa| saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya' (bhUtapUrva rAjakIya saMskRta mahAvidyAlaya) vArANasI Adi kI vyAkaraNAcArya parIkSA ke svazAstrIya itihAsaviSayaka patra ke lie yaha ekamAtra sahAyaka grantha bnaa| uttarapradeza rAjya ne isa grantha kI upayogitA kA mUlyAMkana karate hue isa para 600 ru0 pAritoSika pradAna kiyaa| gata gyAraha varSoM meM isa grantha se aneka lekhakoM ne pratyakSa athavA parokSa rUpa se sahAyatA lii| aneka mahAnubhAvoM ne isa grantha ke Azraya se vibhinna patra-patrikAoM meM bahuta se lekha likhe / adhikAMza vidvajjanoM ne hamAre grantha kA mUlyAMkana karate hue aura asteya kI bhAvanA rakhate hae nAma-nirdeza-pUrvaka grantha kA ullekha kiyaa| kintu aise bhI aneka vidvanmahAnubhAva haiM, jinhoMne hamAre grantha se viziSTa sahAyatA lI, kucha lekhakoM ne pUre-pUre prakaraNoM ko zabdAntara meM DhAlakara lekha likhe, parantu kahIM para bhI grantha kA ullekha karanA ucita na smjhaa| astu! hama to kevala itane se hI apane parizrama ko saphala samajhate haiM ki 1. aba isakA nAma 'sampUrNAnanda saMskRta vizva vidyAlaya' hai / .

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[8] isa grantha dvArA uttaravartI lekhakoM tathA vidyArthiyoM ko kucha na kucha sahAyatA prApta huii| . bhAratIya ArSa vAGamaya-bhAratIya prAcIna ArSa vAGmaya una parama-satyavaktA nIrajastama ziSTa prApta puruSoM dvArA prokta athavA racita hai jinake lie AyurvedIya caraka saMhitA meM likhA haiprAptAstAvat rajastamobhyAM nirmuktAstapojAnabalena ye| yeSAM trikAlamamalaM jJAnamavyAhataM sadA // prAptAH ziSTA vibuddhAste teSAM vAkyamasaMzayam / satyaM, vakSyanti te kasmAd asatyaM norjstmaaH||' sUtrasthAna, a0 11, zloka 18, 16 / arthAt-jo rajoguNa aura tamoguNa se rahita haiM, jinako tapa aura jJAna ke bala se traikAlika avyAhata nirmala jJAna prApta hotA hai, ve ziSTa parama vidvAn 'prApta' kahAte haiM / unakA vAkya asaMzaya satya ho hotA hai| aise rajoguNa aura tamoguNa se rahita prApta | saba eSaNAoM se mukta hone ke kAraNa] kisa hetu se asatya kaheMge ? ___ pAzcAtya vidvAn aura unake anuyAyI bhAratIya -gata Der3ha-do zatAbdI meM pAzcAttya vidvAnoM ne rAjanItika paristhitiyoM aura IsAI yahUdI mata ke pakSapAta se prerita hokara pUrvanirdiSTa parama satyavAdI nIrajastama mahApuruSoM dvArA prokta athavA racita bhAratIya ArSa vAGmaya aura satya aitihAsika paramparA ko asatya azraddheya aura anaitihAsika siddha karane ke lie aneka kalpita vAdoM ko janma diyaa| aura unheM vaijJAnikatA kA colA pahanAkara ekasvara se bhAratIya vAGamaya, saMskRti aura itihAsa ke prati anargala pralApa kiyA / briTiza zAsana ne rAjanItika svArthavaza unhIM asatya vicAroM ko sarvatra skUla kAlejoM meM pracalita kiyaa| isakA phala yaha huA ki skala aura kAlejoM meM par3hanevAle, tathA pAzcAttya vidvAnoM kI chatrachAyA meM rahakara pIeca0 DI0 aura DI0 liT Adi upAdhiyAM prApta karane vAle bhAratIya bhI pAzcAttya raMga meM pUrNatayA raMga gye| isase bhAratIya vidvAnoM kI svIya pratibhA prAyaH naSTa ho gaI, aura

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[6] unhoMne pAzcAtya matoM kA andha-anukaraNa karane meM hI apanA zreya smjhaa| svatantratA ke pazcAt-bhArata kI paratantratA ke kAla meM pUrvanidiSTa vyavasAya kathaMcit kSamya ho sakatA thA parantu bhArata ke svatantra hone para bhI bhArata kI zikSA vyavasthA aise hI logoM ke hAtha meM rahI, aura hai, jo svayaM bhAratIya vAGmaya, saMskRti aura itihAsa ke parijJAna se na kevala rahita hI haiM apitu pAzcAtya zikSApraNAlI se naSTa-pratibha hokara pAzcAtya lekhakoM ke vacanoM ko brahmavAkya samajhakara AMkha mIcakara satya svIkAra karate haiM / usI kA yaha phala hai ki apanI saMskRti vAG maya aura itihAsa ke prati azraddha hone ke kAraNa hama meM se bhAratIyatA bar3I tIvratA se naSTa ho rahI hai| bhAratIyatA ke naSTa hone para hama meM svadeza aura svajAti ke prati prema kaise rahegA ? yaha eka gambhIra vicAraNIya prazna hai| hameM to isa paristhiti kA anta punaH parAdhInatA ke rUpa meM hI dikhAI detA hai| vaha parAdhInatA bahiM kisI bhI rUpa kI kyoM na ho, parAdhInatA parAdhInatA hI hotI haiN| rUr3hivAdI kauna -pAzcAtya vidvAn aura unake anuyAyI bhAratIya vAGamaya saMskRti aura itihAsa se prema rakhane vAle bhAratIyoM ko rUr3hivAdI, pratigAmI athavA apragatizIla kahakara unakA sadA upahAsa karate rahe aura karate haiN| isalie hameM sakheda kaTu satya kahane para vivaza honA par3atA hai ki pAzcAtya matoM ke anya anayAyI bhAratIya hI na kevala rUr3hivAdI pratigAmI athavA apragatizIla haiM, apitu bhAratIya satya vAGmaya saMskRti aura itihAsa ko naSTa karake bhArata ko punaH dAsatA meM prAbaddha karanevAle haiN| isI pAzcAtya dAsatA kA phala hai ki hama svatantra hone ke pazcAta 15 varSa kA dIrghakAla bIta jAne para bhI aMgrejI bhASA kI dAsatA se mukta na ho ske|" / / 1. yaha aMgrejI kI dAsatA abhI saM0 2030 =1973 I0, taka banI huI hai aura aMgrejI bhaktoM ne aisA mAyA jAla bichAyA hai ki usase bhArata kA chuTakArA nikaTa bhaviSya meM to hotA dIkhatA hI nhiiN| [isake anantara aMgrejI bhASA kI dAsatA bar3hI hai ghaTI nahIM / isake viparIta saMskRta bhASA ke

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[10] pAzcAtyamatAnuyAyI vidvAnoM se hamArA namra nivedana hai ki ve pAzcAtya vidvAnoM ke prasArita kAlpanika matoM ke viSaya meM apanI apratihata buddhi se punaH vicAra kreN| hameM nizcaya hai ki yadi bhAratIya vidvAn apanI svatantra meghA se kAma leM to ve na kevala pAzcAtya matoM ke khokhalepana se hI vijJa hoMge apitu bhAratIya vAGamaya saMskRti aura itihAsa ko pAzcAtya vidvAnoM ke kucakroM se bacAkara bhArata kA gaurava bddh'aayeNge| bhagavAna hameM sadabuddhi de ki hama videziyoM dvArA cirakAla se prasArita kucakroM ke bhedana meM samartha ho skeN| kRtajJatA-prakAzana gata tIna varSoM kI rugNatA kA lambI avadhi aura zalya-cikitsA (Aprezana) ke samaya jina mahAnubhAvoM ne merI anekavidha sahAyatA kI, unake prati kRtajJatA-prakAzana aura dhanyavAda karanA Avazyaka hai| ina mahAnubhAvoM meM 1-saba se prathama ullekhanIya 'maharSi dayAnanda smAraka TrasTa TaGkArA' ke mantrI zrI paM0 aAnandapriyajI, aura TrasTa ke sabhI mAnanIya sadasya mahAnubhAva haiM jinhoMne rugNatA ke kAla meM TaGkArA kA, jahAM maiM TrasTa ke antargata anusandhAna kArya kara rahA thA, jalavAyu anukUla na hone para ajamera (jahAM kA jalavAyu mere lie sabase adhika anukUla hai) meM rahakara TrasTa kA kArya karane kI anumati pradAna kI aura atyadhika rugNatA ke kAla meM 4-5 mAsoM kI, jinameM maiM asvasthatA tathA zalyacikitsA ke kAraNa kucha bhI kArya na kara sakA thA, barAbara dakSiNA dete rahe / yaha mahAn audArya kAryakartA ko krItadAsa samajhane vAle sAmpratika vAtAvaraNa meM apane rUpa meM eka anaThA udAharaNa prastuta karatA hai| vidvAnoM ke prati praharaharbalimitte haranto'zvAyeva tiSThate ghAsamagne (atharva 19 / 5 / 6) kI vaidika prAjJA ko kAryarUpa meM upasthita karatA hai / isa apratima sahAyatA ke lie ma0 da0 smAraka TrasTa ke mAnanIya mantrIjI, samasta adhikArI aura sadasya mahAnubhAvoM paThana-pAThana meM uttarottara nyUnatA pA rahI hai / sthiti yahAM taka pahuMca gaI hai ki vidyA ke pramukha kSetra kAzI meM bhI isa samaya (san 1984 meM) sampUrNa mahAbhASya ke par3hAnevAle nahIM haiM) yaha atizayokti nahIM hai, vAstavika tathya hai / /

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kA jitanA bhI dhanyavAda karUM svalpa hai / ina mahAnubhAvoM ke isa viziSTa sahayoga se svAsthya-lAbha karane meM jo mahatI sahAyatA prApta huI hai, usake RNa se to tabhI kucha sImA taka uRNa ho sakatA hUM. jaba apanA zeSa samaya adhika se adhika vaidika ArSa vAGamaya ke adhyayana-adhyApana tathA anusandhAna kArya meM hI lagAUM / prabhu mujhe aisI Atmika, mAnasika tathA zArIrika zakti pradAna kareM, jisase maiM isa kArya meM saphala ho skuu| 2-apratima zalyacikitsaka zrI DA. karnala mirAjakara mahodaya ke prati kRtajJatA prakAzana karanA maiM apanA parama kartavya samajhatA hUM, jinhoMne gurde kA Aprezana karate hue na kevala atyanta kauzala se hI kArya kiyA, apitu sampUrNa cikitsAkAla meM mujha para pitRvat vAtsalyabhAva rkhaa| unakI isa kRpA se hI jahAM maiMne punarjIvana prApta kiyA vahAM itanA bar3A mahAn vyayasAdhya zalyacikitsA kArya apekSAkRta svalpavyaya meM sampanna ho sakA / niHsandeha Apane mujhe punarjIvana dekara mere parivAra ko to anugRhIta kiyA ho hai, parantu meM samajhatA hUM ki usase kahIM adhika mujhe pUrvavat sArasvata satra meM dIkSita rahane yogya banAkara deza jAti aura samAja kI sevA kara sakane kA jo saubhAgya pradAna kiyA hai, usake lie Apake prati jitanA bhI kRtajJatAjJApana karUM, svalpa hai| 3-jisa zrI rAmalAla kapUra amRtasara ke parivAra ke samasta sadasyoM ke sAtha merA bAlyakAla se sambandha hai, jinake sahayoga se zikSA pAI, kucha kArya karane yogya ho sakA, aura jo sadA hI vividha prakAra se merI sahAyatA karate rahate haiM, unase isa kAla meM na kevala Arthika sahayoga hI prApta huaA, apitu mAnanIya zrI bA0 haMsarAsa jI aura zrI bA0 pyArelAla jI ne AturAlaya meM Akara merI dekhabhAla kI aura dehalI meM rahanevAle bhAI zAntisvarUpajI, zrI bhImasenajI, aura zrI brahmadevajI barAvara cikitsAlaya meM Akara sadA dekhabhAla karate rahe, tathA Aprezana ke dina Adi se anta taka 5-6 ghaNTe barAbara aspatAla meM vidyamAna rahe / isI prakAra cikitsA se pUrva zrI mAnanIya bhrAtA devendrakumAra jI ne bambaI meM aneka yogya cikitsakoM se nidAna Adi karAne kI parNa vyavasthA kI, aura jinhoMne zrI DA. karnala

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[12]. mirAjakara ko mere cikitsAkArya ko uttama rUpa meM sampanna karane ke lie viziSTarUpa se prerita kiyaa| ina sabhI mahAnubhAvoM kA maiM aura merA parivAra sadA hI RNI rahegA / 4 - prArSa gurukula eTA ke saMsthApaka zrI mAnanIya svAmI brahmAnanda jI daNDI, aura prAcArya zrI paM0 jyotiHsvarUpa jI kA bhI maiM atyanta prabhArI hUM, jinhoMne svayaM tathA apane paricita vyaktiyoM ko prerita karake cikitsArtha lagabhaga 400 ru0 kI viziSTa sahAyatA kI / 5 - gurutulya mAnanIya zrI paM0 bhagavaddatta jI aura sammAnya vaidya zrI paM0 rAmagopAla jI zAstrI kA to bAlyakAla se hI mere prati atula vAtsalya rahA hai ! Apa donoM mahAnubhAva samaya-samaya para aspa tAla meM Akara merI dekhabhAla karate rhe| ina mahAnubhAvoM ke lie maiM sadA hI natamastaka rahA hUM, aura rahUMgA / 6 - inake atirikta zrI pro0 devaprakAza jI pAtaJjala tathA dehalI ke anya sabhI sammAnya prArya bandhunoM aura mitroM kA mI kRtajJa hUM, jinhoMne isa kAla meM kisI bhI prakAra se pratyakSa athavA parokSarUpa mujhe sahayoga diyA / 7 - isI prasaMga meM tIrtharAma aspatAla, rAjapurA roDa, dillI kI sabhI paricArikA bahanoM aura bhAiyoM kA dhanyavAda karanA bhI apanA karttavya samajhatA hUM, jinhoMne do mAsa taka merI saba prakAra se sevA kii| zrI pUjya zraddhAspada guruvarya paM0 brahmadatta jI jijJAsu jinakI mAtR-pitRtulya aura gururUpa chatra-chAyA meM bAlyakAla se Aja taka rahA hUM aura rahUMgA, ke prati na kRtajJatAprakAzana hI kara sakatA hUM, aura na dhanyavAda hI de sakatA hUM, kevala mauMnarUpa se zraddhA ke patra - puSpa hI arpita kara sakatA hUM / bhAratIya prAcIna saMskRti, sAhitya aura itihAsa ke suprasiddha vidvAn zrI DA0 bahAduracandra jI chAbar3A ema. e., ema. o. ela., pI. eca. DI., epha. e. esa., saMyukta pradhAna nirdezaka bhAratIya purAtattva vibhAga, naI dillI / gata cAra varSoM se nirantara 25 ru0 mAsika kI

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[13] sahAyatA deM rahai haiM / ' Apake isa niSkAma sahayoga ke lie maiM atyanta AbhArI huuN| grantha-prakAzana meM viziSTa sahayoga isa grantha ke prakAzana meM una mahAnubhAvoM kA sahayoga to hai hI, jinhoMne sthAyI sadasya banakara sahAyatA kii| unake atirikta zrI rAmalAla kapUra eNDa sansa, pepara marceNTa prA. li. amatasara ne isa pustaka ke lie vinA agrima-mUlya lie kAgaja dene kI kRpA kI, aura zrI paM0 bhImasena jI zAstrI dehalI ne 500) ru0 kI sahAyatA kii| zrI omprakAza jI tathA zrI vijayapAla jI Adi ne prapha saMzodhana kA kArya kiyaa| zrI paM0 bAlakRSNa jI zAstrI, svAmI jyotiSaprakAza presa, vArANasI ne isa grantha ke mudraNa meM vizeSa prayatna kiyaa| ina kAryoM ke lie ukta sabhI mahAnubhAvoM kA maiM kRtajJa huuN| bhAratIya-prAcyavidyA-pratiSThAna ] (viduSAM vshNvdH24|212 rAmagaMja, aMjamera yudhiSThira mImAMsaka - - dvitIya saMskaraNa 'saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa' kA dvitIya bhAga lagabhaga 4 varSa pUrva samApta ho cukA thaa| pUjya guruvarya zrI paM0 brahmadatta jI jijJAsu ke svargavAsa (22 disambara 1664) ke pazcAta TrasTa kA kAryabhAra majhe saMbhAlanA pdd'aa| anekavidha bhayaGkara rogoM se jarjarita zarIra isa bhArI kAryabhAra ko vahana karane meM sarvathA asamartha thA phira bhI rAmalAla kapUra parivAra ke sAtha bAlyakAla se viziSTa sambandha hone ke kAraNa maiM unake Adeza ko asvIkAra nahIM kara sakatA thA, mujhe yaha kAryabhAra vahana karanA hI pdd'aa| isa samaya rAmalAla kapUra TrasTa kA kArya bhArata-vibhAjana ke pazcAt kAzI meM cala rahA thA, 1. zrImAn chovar3A jI lagabhaga 11-12 varSa taka mujhe yaha sahAyatA dete rhe|

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[14] . parantu vahAM kA jalavAyu mere lie sarvathA pratikala thaa| ataH TrasTa ke adhikAriyoM ne saM0 2026 ke anta meM TrasTa kA kArya sonIpata (hariyANA) meM sthAnAntarita kiyA / maiM usase lagabhaga do varSa pUrva sonIpata A gayA thA / ataH pUrNatayA TrasTa ke kArya meM laga jAne para maiMne svayaM prakAzita samasta grantharAzi lAgata mUlya para TrasTa ko de dii| tadanusAra saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra ke itihAsa ko chapavAne kA uttaradAyitva TrasTa para hI thaa| TrasTa lagabhaga 4 varSa se samApta hue isa grantha ko Arthika kAraNoM se prakAzita karane meM asamartha rahA / prathama bhAga kA prakAzana TrasTa kI ora se kayaMcit humA, parantu dUsare bhAga kA prakAzana sambhava na dekhakara ise maiMne svayaM chapavAne kA prayatna kiyaa| dvitIya bhAga kA yaha saMskaraNa pahale kI apekSA pariSkRta evaM parivadhita haiN| isI ke sAtha isa grantha kA tRtIya bhAga bhI prakAzita ho rahA hai / isa prakAra aba yaha grantha tIna bhAgoM meM paripUrNa ho gayA hai| dvitIya bhAga kI chapAI ke vyaya kA prabandha na hone se maiMne karanAla nivAsI rAya sAhaba zrI caudharI pratApasiMha jI se 5000) pAMca sahasra rupayA eka varSa ke lie RNa rUpa meM dene kI prArthanA kii| Apane bar3I udAratA se mujhe pAMca sahasra rupayA isa kArya ke lie de diyA / ApakI isa udAratA ke lie maiM atyanta kRtajJa huuN| zrI rAmalAla kapUra TrasTa presa meM yaha grantha chapA hai| isake lie TrasTa ke adhikAriyoM kA bhI maiM anugRhIta huuN| inhIM kI udAratA se tRtIya bhAga kI chapAI kA bhI prabandha huaA hai| rA0 lA0 ka0 TrasTa, bahAlagar3ha (sonIpata). zrAvaNa pUrNimA, saM0 2030, viduSAM vazaMvadaH17 agasta 1973 / yudhiSThira mImAMsaka

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa dvitIya bhAga viSaya-sUcI adhyAya viSaya - pRSTha 18-zabdAnuzAsana ke khila-pATha paJcAGga-vyAkaraNa pRSTha 1 / khila zabda kA artha 2 / jinendrabuddhi aura haradatta ko bhUla 3 / dhAtupATha prAdi kA zabdAnuzAsana se pRthakkaraNa kA kAraNa 4 / pRthakkaraNa se hAni 4 / sUtrapATha aura khilapATha ke samAna pravaktA 5 / pANini aura khilapATha 5 / pANinIya khilapATha aura jinendrabuddhi 5 / vyAkaraNazAstra kA eka anya aGga 6 / vyAkaraNazAstra se sambaddha anya grantha 6 / / 19- zabdoM ke dhAtujatva aura dhAtu ke svarUpa para vicAra 7 zabdoM kA vargIkaraNa- caturghA vibhAga 7, tridhA vibhAga 8, dvidhA vibhAga 8, ekavidhatva 6, tridhA vibhAga kI yuvatatA 6, nAma zabdoM kA tridhA vibhAga-yaugika, yogarUDha, rUDha 6; anyathA vibhAgajAti zabda, guNa zabda, kriyA zabda, yadRcchA zabda hai / yadRcchA zabda saMskRta bhASA ke praGga nahIM-6; yadRcchA zabdoM kA rUDhatva 10, yadRcchA zabdoM kA vaiyarthya 10 / sampUrNa zabdoM kA yaugikatva-11 / yaugikatva se rUDhatva kI aora gati 11, avyayoM kA rUDhatva 12, nAma zabdoM kA yogarUDhatva aura rUDhatva 12, rUDha mAne gaye zabdoM ke viSaya meM vivAda 12 / uNAdisUtroM ke pArthakya kA kAraNa-13, uNAdisUtroM ke sambandha meM bhrAnti 13, prauNAdika zabdoM ke viSaya meM pANinIya mata 14 / sampUrNa nAmazabdoM kI rUDhatva meM prinnti-15||

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[16] taddhitAnta bhI rUDha zabda 16 / dhAtusvarUpa -dhAtulakSaNa 16, zabdoM ke dhAtujatva para vicAra 17, bhAratIya mata kA spaSTIkaraNa 17, prAcIna vAGmaya ke sAhAyya se spaSTIkaraNa 17 / dhAtu kA prAcIna svarUpadhAtulajhaNa kA spaSTIkaraNa 18, dhAtu prAtipadika 18, ati prAcIna zabdapravacana zailI 16, uttarakAlIna sthiti 21, avarakAlIna sthiti 22 / vartamAna dhAtupAThoM meM mUlabhUta zabdoM kA nirdeza-dasa prakAra se dhAtupATha meM mUla zabdoM kA ullekha 21-25 / 20-dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (1) 26 pANini se pUrvavartI prAcArya --1. indra 27 / 2. vAyu 27 / 3. bhAguri 27 / 4. kAzakRtsna-dhAtupATha kI. upalabdhi 28, dhAtupATha kA nAmAntara 26, kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha kA vaiziSTaya 30, vyAkhyAkAra cannavIra kavi 36, vyAkhyA kA vaiziSTaya 37 / 5. zAkaTAyana 39 / 6. prApizali 40 / 21-dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (2)[pANini]44 .. 6. pANini aura usakA dhAtupATha-dhAtupATha ke pANinIyatva para prAkSepa 44, pANinIyatva meM pramANa 48, kyA dhAtvartha-nirdeza apANinIya hai ? 52, dhAtupATha kA dvividha pravacana (lagha-vRddha) 60, kyA artha-nirdeza bhImasena kA hai ? 63, vRddhapATha kA vividhatva 65, pATha kI avyavasthA 67, sAmpratika pATha sAyaNa-pariSkRta hai 71, saMhitApATha kA prAmANya 72, ubhayathA sUtraviccheda pANinIya hai 73, dhAtupATha sasvara thA 74, pANinIya dhAtupATha kA AzrayaprAcIna dhAtupATha 75, zlokabaddha dhAtupATha 78, dhAtupATha se sambaddha anya grantha 76 / dhAtupATha ke vyAkhyAtA -1. pANini 83; 2. sunAga 84; 3. bhImasena 85; 4.dhAtupArAyaNa 86 / 5. ajJAtanAmA 89; 6. nandisvAmI 60; 7. rAjazrI-dhAtuvRttikAra 60; 8. nAthIya-dhAtuvRttikAra 61; 8. kauzika 91 10. kSIrasvAmI-dezakAla 62, kSIrasvAmI svokRta dhAtupATha 67, kSIrataraGgiNI kA hamArA saMskaraNa 67, kSIrasvAmI ke anya grantha 18; 11. maitreyarakSita paricaya 101, anya grantha 102, dhAtupradIpa TIkA-102; 12. hariyogI 103; 13. deva 104; 14. kRSNa lIlAzuka muni-puruSakAravArtika 106;

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[17] anya grantha 106; 15. kAzyapa 107; 16. Atreya 107; 17. helArAja 106; 18. sAyaNa-paricaya 110, dhAtuvRtti kA nirmANa kAla 110, dhAtuvRtti kA nirmAtA 111, dhAtuvRtti kA vaiziSTya 111; prakriyA-granthoM ke antargata dhAtuvyAkhyAna 112 / 22-dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (3) [pANini se uttaravartI] 115 7. kAtantra-dhAtu-pravaktA-116, kAtantra dhAtupATha 116, kAzakRtsna kA saMkSepa 116, hastalekha 116, kAtantra dhAtupATha kA zarvavarmA dvArA punaH saMkSepa 117, durgasiMha dvArA punaH pariSkAra 117; vRttikAra-1. zarvavarmA 118, 2. durgasiMha 116, 3. trilocanadAsa 120, 4. ramAnAtha 121, 8. candragomI-122, vRttikAra-1. candra 124, 2. pUrNacandra 125, 3. kazyapabhikSu 125 / 6. kSapaNaka 126 / 10. devanandI 126, do pATha 126, vRttikAra-1. devanandI 127, 2. zrutapAla 128, 3. prAryazrutakIrti 126, 4. vaMzIdhara 126 / 11. vAmana 126 / 12. pAlyakoti 130, vattikAra-1. pAlyakIrti 131, 2. dhanapAla 132, prakriyAgranthakAra 132 / 13. zivasvAmI 132 / 14. bhojadeva 133, vRttikAra-nAthIya vRttikAra 133, prakriyAntargata dhAtuvyAkhyAna 133 / 15. buddhisAgara sUri 133 / 16. bhadrezvara sUri 134 / 17. hemacandrasUri 135, vRttikAra-1. hemacandra .135, 2. guNaratna 135, 3. jayavIra gaNi 136, 4. ajJAtanAmA-TippaNIkAra 137, 5. AkhyAta vRttikAra 137, 6. zrIharSa kula gaNi 137 / 18. malayagiri 138 / 16. kramadIzvara 138 / 20. sArasvata-dhAtupAThakAra' 138 / 21. vopadeva' 138 / 22. padmanAbhadatta 138 / 23. vinayasAgara 138 / sArasvata dhAtupATha 138 / vopadevIya dhAtupATha kavikalpadruma 140, vyAkhyA--kavikAmadhenU-rAmanAthIya, dhAtudIpikA 140 / dhAtupAThasambaddhakatipaya grantha aura granthakAra 140, ajJAta sambadha hastalikhita grantha 143 / 1. isI prakaraNa meM Age dekheN|

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[ -15 ] 23 - gaNapATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 144 gaNapATha kA sthAna 144, gaNazabda kA artha 144, gaNa aura samUha meM bheda 144, gaNapATha zabda kA artha 144, gaNapATha kA sUtrapATha se pArthakya 145, gaNazailI kA udbhava 146 / pANini se pUrvavartI - 1. bhAguri 147, 2. zAntanava' 148 / 3. kAzakRtsna 148 / 4. prApizali 146, pANini se pUrvavartI anya gaNakAra 150 / 5. pANini - gaNapATha kA apANinIyatva 152, pANinIyatva aura usameM pramANa 154, gaNapATha ke do pATha 158, gaNoM ke do bheda 163 / gaNapATha ke vyAkhyAtA -- 1. pANini 164, 2 . nAmapArAyaNakAra 165, 3. kSIrasvAmI 166, 4. gaNapATha -vivRttikAra 166, 5. puruSottamadeva 170, 6. nArAyaNanyAya paJcAnana 171, 7 yajJezvarabhaTTa 170, anya grantha -- 1. 3lAka gaNakAra 172, 2. gaNapATha kArikAkAra 173, gaNakArikA vyAkhyAtA - rAsakara 173, 3. gaNasaMgrahakAra - govardhana 173, 4. gaNapAThakAra - rAmakRSNa 173, 5. gaNapATha zloka 174 / pANini se uttaravartI - 6. kAtantra gaNakAra 174; 7. candragomI 176, gaNapATha kI viziSTatA 176, svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI kI cetAvanI 176; 80 kSapaNaka 181 / 6. devanandI 181; guNanandI 181 / 10. vAmana 183 / 11. pAlyakIrti 183 / 12. bhojadeva 187 / 13. bhadrezvara sUri 186. 14. hemacandrasUri 160, pAlyakIrti kA anukaraNa 160, vyAkhyA 192; 15. vardhamAna 162, gaNaratnamahodadhi-- ke vyAkhyAkAra - gaGgAdhara 193, govardhana 194, bAlakRSNa zAstrI 194; 16. kramadIzvara 164, 17. sArasvatakAra 194; 18. vopadeva 166; 16. padmanAbhadatta 196; 20. kumArapaoNla 167; 21. zraruNadatta 168; 22. draviNa vaiyAkaraNa 168; 23. pArAyaNika 198; 24. ratnamati 169; 25. vasukra 166; 26. vRddhavaiyAkaraNa 200; 27. sudhAkara 200; [ mugdhabodhIyagaNapATha prathama bhAga pRSTha 717 dr0]| 1. ' zantanu' ke sthAna meM sarvatra 'zAntanava' honA cAhiye /

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[ 16] 24-uNAdi sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 202 ___ uNAdi sUtroM kI nidarzanArthatA 203, uNAdi-pATha ke nAmAntara 203, upalabhyamAna prAcIna uNAdi sUtra 205 / pANini se pUrvavartI-1. kAzakRtsna 205; 2. zAntanava' 207; 3. prApizali 207 / 4. pANini 206; paJcapAdI kA pravaktA 206, zAkaTAyana prokta mAnane meM bhrAnti kA kAraNa 211, dazapAdI kA pravaktA 211, paJcapAdI kA mUla tripAdI 215, paJcapAdI ke avAntara pATha 216 / paJcapAdI ke vyAkhyAkAra-1. bhASyakAra 218, 2 govardhana 218, paricaya 218, 3. dAmodara 220, 4. puruSottamadeva 221, 5. sUtIvRttikAra 222, 6. ujjvaladatta 222, deza kAla 223, 7. didyAzIla 226, 8. zvetavanavAsI 227, 6. bhaTToji dIkSita 230, 10. nArAyaNabhaTTa 231, 11. mahAdeva vedAntI 231, vAcaspati gairolA kI bhUla 233, 12. rAmabhadra dIkSita 234, 13. veGkaTezvara 235, 14. perusUri 236, 15. nArAyaNa sudhI 237, 16. zivarAma 238, 17. rAmazarmA 236, 18. svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI 240, vRtti kA vaiziSTaya 240, vRttikAra kA sAhasa 241, a ya vaiziSTya 242, pAThabhraMza 243 / 16, 20, 21, 22. ajJAtanAma 244-245, dezapAdI uNAdipATha 245, dazapAdI kA AdhAra paJcapAdI 245, dazapAdI kA vaiziSTaya 247, vRttikAra--1. mANikyadeva 250, 2 ajJAtanAma 256, 3. viTThalArya 257 / / pANini se uttaravartI--5. kAtantra uNAdikAra 258, vRttikAradurgAsaMha 256; 6. candrAcArya 260; 7. kSapaNaka 261; 8. devanandI 261; 6. vAmana 261; 10. pAlyakIti 263, 11. bhojadeva 263, vattikAra-bhojadeva, daNDanAtha, rAmasiMha, padasindhasetukAra 264; 12. buddhisAgara sUri 265; 13. hemacandrasUri 265; 14. malayagiri 266; 15. kramadIzvara 265, vRtikArakramadozvara, jumaranandI, zivadAsa 266-267; 16. mugdhabodha sambaddha 1. grantha meM 'zatanu' pATha chA hai, vahAM sarvatra 'zAntanava' zodhe /

Page #21
[20] uNAdipATha 267; 17. sArasvata uNAdikAra 268; 18. rAmAzrama 268, vyAkhyAkAra--rAmAzrama, lokezvara, sadAnanda, vyutpattisArakAra 268,266; 16. padmanAbhadatta 269 / anitisambandha vRttikAra--1. utkaladatta 270, 2. uNAdivivaraNakAra 270, 3. uNAdivRttikAra 271, 4. haradatta 271, 5. gaGgAdhara 271, 6. vrajarAja 271, 7. saMkSiptasArakAra 272 / 25-liGgAnuzAsana ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 273 pANini se pUrvavartI-1. zantanu' 274, 2. vyADi 274 / 3. pANini 275, vyAkhyAkAra-1. bhaTTa utpala 276, 2. rAmacandra 277, 3. bhaTToji dIkSita 277, 4. nArAyaNa bhaTTa 277 5. rAmAnanda 278, 6. ajJAtanAmA 278, 7. 8. ajJAtanAmA, 6. nArAyaNasudhI 257, 10. tArAnAtha tarka-vAcaspati 276 / pANini se uttaravartI-4. candragomI 276; 5. vararuci 280; 6. amarasiMha 282, 7. devanandI 282, 8. zaGkara 283; 6. harSavardhana 284, TIkAkAra-pRthvIzvara athavA zabara svAmI 285; 10. durgasiMha 287; 11. vAmana 288; 12. pAlyakoti 292; vRttikAra-pAlyakIrti 263, yakSavarmA 263, 13. bhojadeva 294; 14. buddhisAgara sUri 264; 15. aruNadeva 265; 16. hemacandra sUri 265, vyAkhyAkAra-hemacandra, kanakaprabha, jayAnanda, kezaravijaya 265, 266, vivaraNavyAkhyAkAra-vallabha gaNi 266; 17. malayagiri 297; 19. mugdhabodha saMbaddhaliGgAnuzAsana 267; 19. helArAja 297; 20. rAmasUri 267, 21. veGkaTaraGga 298, 22-23. prajJAtanAma 267; 24. navalakizora zAstrI 298; 25. sarayUprasAda 269 / anirNItasambandha liGgapravaktA vA liGgAnuzAsana-1. jaiminikoza 266, 2. kAtyAyana 266, 3. vyAsa 266, 4. Ananda kavi 300, 5. daNDI 300, 6. vAtsyAyana 300, 7. zAzvata 300, 8. rAmanAtha vidyAvAcaspati 300, 6. liGgakArikA 300, 10. jayAnanda sUri 300, 11. nando 300, 12. liGgaprabodha 300, 13. vidyAnidhi 300, 14. jayasiMha 301, 15. padmanAbha 301 / / 1. yahAM sAntanava' zabda honA cAhiye /

Page #22
[21] 26-paribhASApATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 302 __ paribhASA kA lakSaNa 302, paribhASAoM kA dvaividhya 303, paribhASAoM kA pramANya 304, paribhASAoM kA cAturvidhya 304, paribhASAoM kA mUla 305 / paribhASA-pravaktA-1. kAzakRtsna 307, 2. vyADi 307; paribhASApATha kA nAma 306, aneka prakAra ke pATha 310, vaiziSTya 311, vRttikAra 311; 3. pANini 312 / paribhASApATha ke vyAkhyAtA-1. haradatta 313, 2. ajJAtanAma 313; 3. puruSottamadeva 313; 4. sIradeva 315; byAkhyAkAra-zrImAn zarmA 316, rAmabhadra dIkSita 317, ajJAtanAmA 317; 5. zeSaviSNu 317; 6. paribhASAvivaraNa kAra 318; 7. paribhASAvRttikAra 318; 8. nIlakaNTha vAjapeyI 316, 6. bhIma 320; vaidyanAtha 320; vyAkhyAkAra-- svayaMprakAzananda sarasvatI 322; appA dIkSita 322; 11. hari bhAskara agnihotrI 323, 12. hari bhAskara agnihotrI kA ziSya 325; 13. dharmasUri 325, 14. appA sudhI 326; 15. udayaMkara bhaTTa 326; 16, nAgeza bhaTTa 327, nau TIkAkAra 328; 17. zeSAdrinAtha sudhI 326; 18. rAmaprasAda dvivedI 326; 16. govindAcArya 330; 20 paribhASAvivRttikAra 330; 21. paribhASAvivRtti-vyAkhyAkAra 330, 22, 23 paribhASA-vRttikAra 331 / - pANini se uttaravartI-4. kAtantra-paribhASA-pravaktA 331, vRttikAra-ajJAtanAma 333, durgasiMha 334, kavIndu jayadeva 334, bhAvamizra 334, mAdhavadAsa kavicandrabhiSaka 335; 5. candragomI 335, 6. jainendra sambaddha paribhASA 337; 7. zAkaTAyana tantrasaMbaddha paribhASA 337, 8. zrI bhojadeva 337, 9. hemacandrAcArya 338; pUraka-hemahaMsagaNi 336, vyAkhyAkAra-ajJAtanAma 340, hemahaMsagaNi 340, vijayalAvaNyasUri 341; 10. mugdhabodha saMbaddha paribhASA 341, vRttikAra-rAmacandra vidyAbhUSaNa 342; 11. padnAbhadatta 342, TIkAkAra--343 / 27-phidasUtra kA pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 345 phiTasUtroM kI AvazyakatA 345, nAgeza kA svavaco-virodha 345, pANinIya mata 345, pANinIya vyAkhyAkAra 345, phiTsUtroM

Page #23
[22] kA pravaktA 346, phiTasUtroM kA pravacanakAla 350, kItha kI bhUla 353, nAmakaraNa kA kAraNa 353, phiTsUtra bRhattantra ke ekadeza 353, phiTsUtroM kA pATha 356 / / vRttikAra-1, 2, 3. ajJAtanAma 327-328,4. viTThala 358; 5. bhaTTojidIkSita 358, vyAkhyAkAra-bhaTToji 358, jayakRSNa 358, nAgeza 356; 6. zrInivAsayajvA 356 / / 28-prAtizAkhya Adi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 360 upalabdha athavA jJAta prAtizAkhya 361, prAtizAkhya ke paryAya 361, prAtizAkhya zabda kA artha 361, caraNa aura zAkhAoM kA bheda 363, pratizAkhA zabda kA mUla artha 363, Adhunika vidvAnoM kI bhUla 365, pArSada-pAriSada zabda kA artha 365 / / prAtizAkhyoM kA svarUpa-367, DA0 varmA kAnirAdhAra AkSepa 366, prAtizAkhya aura aindra sampradAya 366 / - Rgveda ke prAtizAkhya -371, pravaktA-1. zaunaka 371 kAla 372, sAmAnya paricaya 373, RprAtizAkhya kA prArambha 373, DA0 maGgaladeva kI bhUla 374, vyAkhyAkAra-bhASyakAra 377, prAtreya 377, viSNumitra 378, uvvaTa 376,. satyayazAH 380, ajJAtanAma 381, pazupatinAtha . 381 / 2. mAzvalAyana 381, kAla 382, pAra vAtya vidvAnoM kI bhUla 382, 3. vASkalapArSada-pravaktA 383, 4. zAGghAyana pArSada-pravaktA 383 / / zuklayajuHprAtizAkhya-5. kAtyAyana 384, anya grantha 38 , prAtizAkhya pariziSTa 386; vyAkhyAkAra-uvvaTa 386, ananta bhaTTa 387, zrIrAma zarmA 386, rAma agnihotrI 360, zivarAma 361, vivaraNakAra 362 / prAtizAkhyAnusAriNI zikSA-362, vAlakRSNa zarmA 392, amareza 394 / kRSNayajuHprAtizAkhya -6. taittirIya prAtizAkhyakAra, 364, hviTanI ke AkSepa 365, samAdhAna 365, kastUri raGgAcArya kA satsAhasa 365, vyAkhyAkAra -prAtreya 396, vararuci 367, mAhiSeya 398, somayArya 398, gArgya gopAlayajvA 366, vIrarAghava kavi 400, bhairavAcArya 401, padmanAbha. 401, ajJAtanAma 401 / 7.

Page #24
[23] maitrAyaNIya prAtizAkhyakAra 401 ; 8. cArAyaNIya prAtizAkhyakAra 403 / sAmaprAtizAkhya - 367; 6. sAmaprAtizAkhya pravaktA - ghararuci 404, pizali 404; puSpasUtra ke do pATha 405, vyAkhyAkArabhASyakAra 406, anye zabdodAhRta 407, upAdhyAya ajAtazatru 407. rAmakRSNa dIkSita sUri 407 / atha prAtizAkhya - 10. atharva pArSada - pravaktA 408, kAla 408, do pATha 410, zAkhAsambandha 410; bRhatpATha kA saMskaraNa 410, granyathA saMzodhana 411, paM0 vizvavandhu kI bhUla 412 ; atharvaprAtizAkhyabhASya 414 / 11. atharvacaturadhyAyI pravaktA 414, kAla 415; 12. pratijJA sUtrakAra 415; vyAkhyAkAra - pranaH tadeva yAjJika 416 ; 13. bhASikasUtrakAra 416, vyAkhyAkAra - mahAsvAmI 416, anantadeva 416; 14. RSatantrapravaktA zAkaTAyana 420, pravraji420, pravaktRtva para vicAra 422: DA0 sUryakAnta kA vicAra 422, hamArA vicAra 422, pradavaji kA deza 425, tantra kA dvividha pATha 423; vyAkhyAkAra - prajJAtanAma bhASyakAra 424. ajJAtanAma vRttikAra 424, vivRttikAra 423, ajJAta - nAma vyAkhyAtA 426; 15. laghuRktantrakAra 426; 16. sAmatantrapravaktA 426, bhASyakAra - bhaTTa upAdhyAya 427 / 17. akSaratantrapravaktA 428, vRttikAra 428 18. chandoga vyAkaraNa 426 / - 29 - vyAkaraNa ke dArzanika granthakAra 430 1. sphoTAyana 435; 2. praudumbarAyaNa 432; 3 vyADi 433; 4. pataJjali 434; 5 bhartRhari 436; vAkyapadIya nAma para vicAra 436, granthapAta 438, vAkyapadIya ke saMskaraNa 440, bhASAtattva aura vAkyapadIya 441 ; vAkyapadIya ke vyAkhyAtA - bhartRhari 441, svopajJa vyAkhyA ke nAma 442, do pATha 443, vRti ke vyAkhyAkAra - vRSabhadeva se prAcIna TIkAeM 443, vRSabhadeva 444, dharmapAla 444, puNyarAja - 444, helArAja 445, phullarAja 447, gaGgAdAsa 447; 6. 'maNDana mizra 448, kAla 446; TIkAkAra 1. yahAM (pRSTha 448) para pradhAna saMkhyA nirdeza meM 1 sakhyA kI bhUla se vRddhi ho gaI hai / sUcIpatra meM ThIka saMkhyA dI hai / kRpayA pAThaka ThIka kara leM 1

Page #25
[24] paramezvara 450, kAla 451, nirukta vArtika ke uddharaNa meM nirukta kA zuddha artha 451, svAmI dayAnanda kI sUjha 452; 7. bharata mizra 452; 8. sphoTasiddhinyAyavicArakarttA 454, 6-13. sphoTaviSayaka granthakAra 455; 14. vaiyAkaraNabhUSaNa - racayitA 455, bhUSaNasAra ke vyAkhyAtA -- harivallabha 456, haribhaTTa 457, mannudeva 457, bhairavamizra 457, rudranAtha 458, kRSNamizra 458 / 15. nAgezabhaTTa 458, maJjUSA ke do pATha 458, TIkAkAra - durbalAcArya 45e, vaidyanAtha 456; 16. brahmadeva 456; jagadIza tarkAlaGkAra 456, vyAkhyAkAra - kRSNakAnta tathA rAmabhadra 460 / 30 - lakSyapradhAna kAvyazAstrakAra vaiyAkaraNa kavi 461 kAvyazAstra zabda kA artha 461, lakSya - pradhAna kAvyoM ko racanA kA prayojana 462; 1. pANini 464; kAvya kA nAma 464, pAzcAtya vidvAnoM kI kalpanA 464, unakI kalpanA kA mithyAtva 464, pANini ke kAla meM laukika chandoM kA sadbhAva 466, citrakAvyoM kI sattA 467, aSTAdhyAyI ke pramANa citrakAvyoM meM 467, bhAratIya granthakAroM dvArA pANini kAvya ke nirdeza 466, jAmbavatIvijaya kA parimANa 471, jAmbavatIvijaya ko * uddhRta karanevAle 29 granthoM ke nAma 471; 2. vyADi 473; 3. vararuci kAtyAyana 474; vAraruca kAvya kA nAma 474; 4. pataJjali 475; 5. mahAbhASya meM uddhRta katipaya vacana 476; 6. bhaTTa bhUma 477 ; kAla 478, grantha nAma kA kAraNa 476, kAvya paricaya 479, bhaTTi aura rAvaNArjunIya meM antara 480, TIkAkAra bAsudeva 481; 7. bhaTTikAvyakAra 482, bhaTTikAra kA nAma 482, kAla 485; bhaTTi aura bhAmaha 485; TIkAkAra - jaTIzvara - jayadeva - jayamaGgala 487, mallinAtha 487, jayamaGgala 488, ajJAtanAma 488, rAmacandra zarmA 486, vidyAvinoda 486, kandarpa zarmA 486, puNDarIkAkSa-vidyAsAgara 460, harihara 460, bharatasena 490 ; 8. halAyudha 461; 6. hemacandrAcArya 461; 10. nArAyaNa 462; 11. vAsudeva kavi 493, kItha kI bhUla 463, 12. nArerI vAsudeva 464; 13. nArAyaNa 464; upasaMhAra 465 / saMzodhana parivarttana parivardhana tRtIya bhAga meM

Page #26
--omH- saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa aThArahavAM adhyAya zabdAnuzAsana ke khilapATha saMskRta bhASA ke jitane bhI upalabdha athavA parijJAta vyAkaraNazAstra haiM, unameM prAya: pratyeka pAMca aGgoM meM vibhakta hai / ata eva vaiyAkaraNa-nikAya meM vyAkaraNa kI kRtsnatA ke dyotana ke lie paJcAGga vyAkaraNa Adi zabdoM kA vyavahAra hotA hai / paJcAGga vyAkaraNa yathA hemacandrAcAyaH zrIsiddhahemAbhidhAnAbhidhaM paJcAGgamapi vyAkaraNaM sapAdalakSaparimANaM saMvatsareNa racayAJcake / ' 5 .vyAkaraNa - zAstra ke ye pAMca aGga vA grantha isa prakAra mAne jAte haiM 10 paJcagranthI - buddhisAgara sUri viracita 'buddhisAgara' vyAkaraNa kA dUsarA nAma 'paJcagranthI' vyAkaraNa hai| isameM sUtrapATha ke sAtha sAtha anya khila pATha ke granthoM kA bhI pravacana hone se yaha 'paJcagranthI' ' nAma se prasiddha hai / 15 dAnuzAsana (sUtrapATha ), dhAtupATha, gaNapATha ( = prAtipadikapATha) 20 uNAdipATha, tathA liGgAnuzAsana / ina pAMcoM aGgoM vA granthoM meM zabdAnuzAsana mukhya haiN| zeSa cAra 1. prabandhacintAmaNi, pRSTha 460 /

Page #27
khila zabda kA artha - khila zabda kA prayoga aneka arthoM meM hotA hai / zatapatha aura zAGkhAyana brAhmaNa meM khila zabda USara bhUmi ke lie 5 prayukta hotA haiM / ' gopatha brAhmaNa tathA manusmRti Adi meM khila zabda kA prayoga grantha ke pariziSTarUpa se saMgRhIta aMza ke lie upalabdha hotA hai / vaidika vAG maya meM prayukta khila zabda kA prayoga 'svazAkhA - zranadhIta svazAkhIyakamoMpayogI parazAkhIya mantra - saMgraha' artha meM milatA hai / inakA pariziSTa zabda se bhI vyavahAra hotA hai| 10 2 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa aGga zabdAnuzAsana ke upakArI hone se zabdAnuzAsana kI apekSA gauNa haiM / ata eva ye dhAtupATha Adi zabdAnuzAsana ke khila mAne jAte haiM / khila kA zravayava artha - khila zabda kA eka artha avayava bhI hai| kRtsna arthavAcI naJsamAsa ghaTita akhila zabda meM khila kA artha avayava = bhAga hI hai / " dhAtupATha Adi ke lie khila zabda kA prayoga - dhAtupATha Adi aGgoM ke lie khila zabda kA prayoga kAzikA meM upalabdha hotA hai / 15 aSTAdhyAyI 1 / 3 / 2 kI vyAkhyA meM kAzikAkAra ne likhA hai 25 upadizyate'nenetyupadezaH zAstravAkyAni sUtrapATha: khilapAThazca / sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa 1 / : 17 kI hRdayahAriNI vyAkhyA meM daNDanAtha 9. yadvA urvarayorasaMbhinnaM bhavati khila iti vai tadAcakSate / zata 8 | 3 | 4|1; zAMkhA0 30|8|| urvarayoH sarvasasyADhyayoH kSetrayoH asambhinna20 masaMspRSTaM bhavati svayamasasyaM bhavati, tatkSetraM khila ityucyate iti zatapathavyAkhyAne sAyaNaH / 2. sAmavede khilazrutiH // gopatha 1|1|26|| svAdhyAyaM zrAvayet pitrye dharmazAstrANi caiva hi / zrAkhyAnAnItihAsAMzca purANAni khilAni ca // manu0 3 / 232|| 3. parazAkhIyaM svazAkhAyAmapekSAvazAt paThyate tat khilamucyate / mahAbhArata nIlakaNTha TIkA, zAnti 0 323 // 10 // 4. dra0 paM0 sAtavalekara mudrApita Rgveda ke anta meM 'atha pariziSTAni' / 5. kozavyAkhyAkAra akhila zabda kI vyutpatti 'nAsti khilaM zUnyaM yasmiMstat' darzAte haiM /

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5 zabdAnuzAsana ke khilapATha ne bhI kAzikA ke zabdoM kA hI ullekhana kiyA hai / ' kAzikA kI vyAkhyA meM nyAsakAra jinendrabuddhi likhatA haikhilapATho dhAtupAThaH cakArAt prAtipadikapAThazca / kAzikA 1 / 3 / 2 kI vyAkhyA meM haradatta ne vAkyapATha zabda se vArtikapATha kA bhI nirdeza kiyA hai khilapATho dhAtupAThaH prAtipadikapATho vAkyapAThazca / haradatta ne vAkyapATha zabda se vArtikapATha kA nirdeza kiyA hai| vaiyAkaraNanikAya meM vAtikakAra ke lie 'vAkyakAra' pada suvijJAta hai|' hameM vAttikoM ke lie khila zabda kA prayoga anyatra upalabdha nahIM huprA / hamAre vicAra meM padamajarIkAra kA ukta nirdeza cintya hai| 10 jinendrabuddhi aura haradatta kI bhUla-kAzikA ke 'khilapATha' zabda kI vyAkhyA meM jinendrabuddhi aura haradatta donoM ne bhUla kI hai| jinendrabuddhi ne khilapATha zabda se kevala dhAtupATha kA nirdeza kiyA hai, aura gaNapATha kA saMgraha cakAra se kiyA hai| jisa prakAra dhAtupATha kA zabdAnuzAsana ke bhUvAdayo dhAtavaH (1 / 3 / 1) sUtra ke sAtha sAkSAt 15 sambandha hai, usI prakAra gaNapATha kA bhI zabdAnuzAsana ke tattat sUtroM ke sAtha sIdhA sambandha hai| uNAdipATha bhI uNAdayo bahalama (3.3 / 1) sUtra kA hI prapaJca hai| ata eva bhartRhari ne uNAdipATha ke lie bhI khilapATha zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai| isalie khilapATha zabda se dhAtupATha, gaNapATha, uNAdipATha aura liGgAnuzAsana ina cAroM kA saMgraha jAnanA caahie| haradatta ne khilapATha ke antargata vAkyapATha kA bhI nirdeza kiyA hai, yaha bhI cintya hai, yaha pUrva likha cuke haiN| vastutaH vAkyapATha =vAtikapATha kA saMgraha cakAra se karanA caahie| . 1. tulanA karo-upadezo nAma sUtrapAThaH khilapAThaH / paribhASAsaMgraha (pUnA saMska0) pRSTha 5 / 2. saMskRta vyAkaraNazAstra kA itihAsa, bhAga 1, 'aSTAdhyAyI ke vArtika / kAra' adhyAya meM 'vAttikakAra =vAkyakAra' zIrSaka sandarbha / 3. nahi upadizanti khilapAThe / mahAbhASya dIpikA, hamArA hastalekha pRSTha 146 / pUnA saMska0 pRSTha 135 meM 'dvirapyudizanti' khilapAThe' pATha hai| tadanusAra dhAtupATha kA nirdeza hai| 30

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ___ dhAtupATha prAdi ke pRthak pravacana kA kAraNa-ati purAtana kAla meM dhAtupATha Adi samasta khilapATha zabdAnuzAsana ke antargata hI tattat prakaraNoM meM saMgRhIta the, parantu uttarakAla meM manuSyoM kI dhAraNAzakti aura Ayu ke hrAsa ke kAraNa jaba samasta vidyAgranthoM kA uttarottara saMkSepa hone lagA taba pradhAnabhUta zabdAnuzAsana ke lAghava ke lie khilapAThoM ko sUtrapATha se pRthak kiyA gyaa| pRthakkaraNa se hAni-yadyapi khilapAThoM ko sUtrapATha se pRthak kara dene se zabdAnuzAsana meM nizcaya ho atilAghava hogayA, tathApi isa pRthakkaraNa se eka mahatI hAni bhI huI / Ajanma vyAkaraNa zAstra ke adhyayana-adhyApana meM nirata rahane vAle vyakti bhI khilapAThoM ke adhyayana-adhyApana meM upekSA karane lge| dhAtupATha aura uNAdipATha kA to thor3A bahuta paThana-pAThana kathaMcit calatA rahA, parantu sUtrapATha .. ke sAtha sAkSAt saMbaddha atimahattvapUrNa gaNapATha to atyanta upekSA - kA viSaya bana gyaa| gaNapaThita zabdoM ke arthajJAna kI kathA to dUra rahI, 15. usakA mUla pATha bhI surakSita nahIM rhaa| anya vyAkaraNa saMbaddha gaNa pAThoM ke viSaya meM to kahanA hI kyA, sabase adhika pracalita pANinIya / tantra ke gaNapATha para bhI koI prAcIna vyAkhyAna grantha upalabtha nahIM hotaa| samasta gaNapAThoM ke vADa maya meM vardhamAna sUri viracita (vi0 saM0 1167) gaNaratna mahodhi hI ekamAtra vyAkhyAna grantha upalabdha 20 hotA hai| vardhamAna kA vyAkhyAna grantha kisa vyAkaraNa ke gaNapATha para Azrita hai, yaha yadyapi pUrNa rUpa se parijJAta nahIM, tathApi gaNapATha ke parijJAna ke lie samasta vaiyAkaraNoM kA yahI ekamAtra prAzraya hai| . 1. 'saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa' bhAga 1, pRSTha 26-57 (ca0 saMskaraNa) / 25 .. 2. pANinIya gaNapATha kA aneka hastalekhoM aura anya vyAkaraNIya gaNa pAThoM ke sAhAyya se eka Adarza saMskaraNa hamAre mitra prAdhyApaka kapiladeva sAhityAcArya ema0 e0 pIeca. DI0 ne taiyAra kiyA hai| yaha kurukSetra vizvavidyAlaya dvArA prakAzita ho cukA hai| 3. pANinIyaM gaNapATha kI eka vyAkhyA yajJezvara bhaTTa ne likhI hai / isakA 30 nAma gaNaratnAvalI hai| yaha zaMka saM0 1766 (vi0 saM0 1931) meM likhI gaI haiN| inameM gaNaratnamahodadhi kI apekSA kucha vaiziSTya nahIM hai|

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zabdAnuzAsana ke khilapATha yadi yaha vyAkhyAna bhI na hotA to hama gaNapATha ke viSaya meM sarvathA ajJAna meM hI rhte| gaNapATha kA sUtrapATha meM punaH sanniveza-khilapAThoM ke zabdAnuzAsana se pRthak karane se unake adhyayana-adhyApana meM jo upekSA huI, usako yathArtharUpa meM jAnakara ukta doSa ke parimArjana ke lie mahArAja 5 bhoja ne gaNapATha aura uNAdipATha ko atipracIna paripATI ke anusAra apane zabdAnuzAsana meM punaH sanniviSTa kiyA / parantu bhojIya zabdAnuzAsana (sarasvatI-kaNThAbharaNa) ke adhika pracalita na ho sakane ke kAraNa maharAja bhoja ke ukta prayatna kA koI vizeSa lAbha nahIM hupaa| 10 sUtrapATha aura khilapATha ke samAna pravaktA-samprati pANini se uttarakAlIna jitane bhI vyAkaraNa zAstra upalabdha haiM, unase saMbaddha dhAtUpATha, gaNapATha, uNAdipATha, aura liGgAnuzAsana ke pravaktA bhI prAyaH ve hI prAcArya haiM, jinhoMne mUlabhUta zabdAnuzAsana kA pravacana kiyA / hamArI daSTi meM ekamAtra kAtantra vyAkaraNa hI aisA hai, 15 jisake uNAdipATha aura liGgAnuzAsana mUlazAstra-pravaktA ke pravacana nahIM hai / pANinIya vyAkaraNa se pUrvavartI kAzakRtsna-tantra kA dhAtupATha prakAza meM A cukA hai| usake uNApisUtroM meM se katipaya sUtra dhAtupATha kI cannavIra kavikRta kannaDa TokA meM smata hai| Apizali prAcArya ke dhAtupATha aura gaNapATha ke kaI uddharaNa prAcIna vyAkaraNa granthoM meM 20 surakSita haiN| pANini aura khilapATha--vaiyAkaraNa sampradAya ke anusAra pANini ne bhI svIya zabdAnuzAsana se saMbaddha dhAtupATha, gaNapATha, uNAdipATha aura liGgAnuzAsana kA pravacana kiyA thaa| parama saubhAgya kA viSaya __ sampUrNa paJcAGga pANinIya tantra vividha vyAkhyAna granthAM ke 25 sahita aAja hameM upalabdha hai| pANinIya khilapATha aura jinendra buddhi-pANinIya sampradAya meM 1. isa TIkA kA saMskRtabhASA meM anuvAda karake 'kAzakRtsnadhAtuvyAkhyAnama' ke nAma se hama prakAzita kara cuke haiN| 2. dra0 saM0 vyAkaraNazAstra kA itihAsa, bhAga 1, pRSTha 156-157, ca0 saM0 / /

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kAzikA kA vyAkhyAkAra jinendrabuddhi hI eka aisA vyakti hai jo pANinIya zAstra-saMbaddha dhAtupATha Adi pariziSToM ko sUtrakAra pANini kA pravacana nahIM mAnatA / jinendrabuddhi ne dhAtupATha Adi ke apANinIya siddha karane meM jo hetu darzAye haiM, unakI mImAMsA hama tattat prakaraNoM meM Age yathAsthAna krge| ___vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA eka anya aGga-zabdAnuzAsana ke sAtha sAkSAt sambandha rakhanevAlA eka aGga aura bhI hai, aura vaha hai paribhASA-pATha / yadyapi paribhASA-pATha bhI aneka vyAkaraNoM ke pRthakapRthaka upalabdha hote haiM, tathApi ve prAyaH anya khilapAThoM ke samAna tattacchAstra-pravaktA prAcAryoM dvArA prokta nahIM haiM / isakA saMgraha tattat zAstroM ke uttaravartI vyAkhyAkAroM ne kiyaa| paribhASA-pATha ke vyAkhyAkAroM ke matAnusAra ye paribhASAe bhI kisI pracIna vyAkaraNa ke sUtrapATha ke antargata thiiN|' uttaravartI vaiyAkaraNoM ne inheM 'lokasiddha' 'nyAyasiddha' athavA 'jJApakasiddha' mAna 15 kara apane tantra meM sanniviSTa nahIM kiyA / yataH ina paribhASAnoM dvArA nidarzita viSayoM kI upekSA karake kisI bhI vyAkaraNazAstra kA kArya nirvAha azakya hai, ataH pratyeka vyAkaraNa ke uttaravartI vyAkhyAkAroM ne mUla paribhASApATha meM svasva-zAstra ke anusAra yayocita parivardhana parivardhana karake inheM svasva-zAstra ke sAtha saMbaddha kara liyA hai| vyAkaraNa-zAstra se saMbaddha anya grantha-vyAkaraNazAstra se sAkSAta saMbaddha granthoM kA nirdeza Upara kara diyA hai| inake atirikta aura bhI katipaya grantha aise haiM, jinakA vyAkaraNazAstra ke sAtha sambandha hai| ve nimna haiM phiTa-satra, dArzanika grantha, lakSya-pradhAna kAvya grantha, vaidika vyAkaraNa (praatishaakhyaadi)| ina granthoM kA saMkSipta itihAsa bho isa granya meM Age yathAsthAna nibaddha kiyA jAyagA / isa prakAra isa adhyAya meM zabdAnuzAsana ke khilapAThoM kA nirdeza karake agale adhyAya meM dhAtupATha meM saMgRhIta dhAtuoM ke mUla svarUpa ke viSaya meM vicAra kiyA jaaegaa| 1.dekhie paribhASApATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA' zIrSaka adhyAya 26 /

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5 unnIsavAM adhyAya zabdoM ke dhAtujatva aura dhAtu ke svarUpa para vicAra zabdoM kA vargIkaraNa-prAcIna bhAratIya bhASAvidoM ne saMskRta bhASA ke padoM kA vargIkaraNa kaI prakAra se kiyA hai| unameM pradhAna vargIkaraNa isa prakAra haiM caturSA vibhAga yAska tathA katipaya prAcIna vaiyAkaraNoM ne padoM ko cAra vibhAgoM meM bAMTA haiM / ve vibhAga haiM-nAma, pAkhyAta, upasarga aura nipaat|' __ katipaya AcArya karmapravacanIyoM ko pRthak gina kara pAMca vibhAga darzAte haiM / anya gatisaMjJakoM ko bhI pRthak mAna kara chaH vibhAga mAnate 10 haiN| vastutaH karmapravacanIyoM aura gatisaMjJakoM kA nipAtoM aura upasargoM meM antarbhAva ho jAtA hai / ataH unakI pRthaka gaNanA kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| svara Adi avyayoM kA antarbhAva-pANinIya tantra ke anusAra svara Adi avyaya nipAtoM se bahirbhUta mAne gae haiN| pANini ke mata 15 meM adravyavAcI cAdi zabdoM kI nipAta saMjJA hotI hai| svara Adi avyayoM meM aneka zabda dravyavAcI haiM / ataH pANini ke mata meM svar Adi zabdoM kA nipAtoM meM samAveza nahIM ho sktaa| padoM ke caturdhA vibhAga karanevAle prAcIna AcArya svar Adi avyayoM kA nipAtoM meM kisa prakAra samAveza karate the, yaha samprati ajJAta hai| 20 1. catvAri padajAtAni-nAmAkhyAtopasarganipAtAzca / nirukta 11 // nAmAkhyAtopasarganipAtAzceti vaiyAkaraNA: / ni0 13 / 6 / / catvAri padajAtAni nAmAkhyAtopasarganipAtAzca / mahAbhASya a0 1, pA0 1 prA0 1 // 2. dra0-nApi paJca SaD vA gatikarmapravacanIyabhedeneti / nirukta durgavRtti 131, pRSTha 18, AnandAzrama, pUnA / 25 3. svarAdinipAtamavyayam / aSTA0 131 // 37 // 4. cAdayo'sattve / aSTA0 11457 / /

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa brahmavAcI prom kA nipAtoM meM antarbhAva-gopathabrAhmaNa 1 / 1 / 26 meM likhA hai ki vaiyAkaraNa [brahmavAcI] prom kA nipAtoM meM pATha mAnate haiN| isa ullekha se jJAta hotA hai ki saMbhavataH prAcIna vaiyA karaNa nipAtasaMjJA meM asattva adravyavAcakatva kA nirdeza nahIM karate 5 the| anyathA brahmavAcI aoma zabda kA nipAtoM meM parigaNana nahIM ho sktaa| nipAta saMjJA meM asattva kA nirdeza na hone para svara Adi avyayoM kA nipAtoM meM kathaMcit antarbhAva ho sakatA hai| vidhA vibhAga-pANinIya zabdAnuzAsana ke anusAra zabda tIna prakAra ke haiM-nAma pAkhyAta aura avyaya / upasarga aura karmapravacInayoM 10 kA nipAtoM meM antarbhAva hotA hai aura nipAtoM kA avyayoM meN| dUsare zabdoM meM isa vibhAga ko nAma aura pAvyAta kI vibhaktiyoM se yukta (=savibhaktika) tathA ubhayavidha vibhakti rahita (=nirviktika) kaha sakate haiN| dvidhA vibhAga-pANinIya tathA katipaya anya tantroM kI prakriyA 15 ke anusAra zabdoM ke subanta aura tiGanta do ho vibhAga haiN| pANini Adi ne pada saMjJA kI siddhi ke lie avyayoM se bhI svAdi kI utpatti karake unake lopa kA vidhAna kiyA hai| 1. nipAteSu cainaM vaiyAkaraNAH paThanti / 2. uNAdivRttikAra ujjvaladatta ne uNAdi 13141 kI vyAkhyA meM brahmavAcI 'prom' zabda kI cAdipATha se avyaya saMjJA mAnI hai--'cAditvAd avyaya. tvam' / aisA hI svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ne bhI uNAdikoza 11142 kI vyAkhyA meM likhA hai / bhaTToji dIkSita ne ujjvaladatta ke mata kI samAlocanA kI hai-'cAdipAThAdavyayatvamityujjvaladattaH, tanna, teSAmasattvArthatvAt / ' si0 kau0 uNAdiprakaraNa (saM0 136) / 3. kathaMcit isalie kahA hai ki svar Adi avyayoM kI nipAta saMjJA mAnane para 'nipAtA AdhudAttAH' se sarvatra prAdya dAttatva kI prApti hogI, jo ki iSTa nahIM hai| 4. prAg rIzvarAnnipAtAH (aSTA0 114156) adhikAra ke antargata upasarga aura karmapravacanIya saMjJAoM kA nirdeza hai / 5. svarAdinipAtamavyayam / aSTA 111137 / / 6. avyayAdApsupaH / aSTA0 2 / 4152 // 30

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2/2 zabdoM ke dhAtujatva aura dhAtu ke svarUpa para vicAra / ekavidhatva-aindra Adi katipaya prAcIna vyAkaraNa-pravaktAoM ke mata meM samasta zabda arthavattva ke kAraNa ekavidha hI mAne gaye hai|' tridhA vibhAga kI yuktatA-padoM ke svarUpa kI dRSTi se unheM nAma (subanta) AkhyAta (tiGanta) aura avyaya (ubhayavidha vibhakti se rahita) tIna vibhAgoM meM hI bAMTA jA sakatA hai / isalie padoM kA 5 tridhA vibhAga yuktatama hai| nAma zabdoM kA tredhA vibhAga-nAma zabda yaugika, yogarUDha aura rUDha bheda se tIna prakAra ke mAne jAte haiN| nAma zabdoM kA anyathA vibhAga-nAma zabda kA eka anya prakAra se bhI vibhAga kiyA jAtA hai-jAtizabda, guNazabda, kriyAzabda aura 10 ydcchaashbd'| yadcchA zabda saMskRta bhASA ke aGga nahIM-yadcchA zabda saMskRta bhASA meM uttarakAla meM praviSTa hue haiN| ye saMskRta bhASA ke mUla zabda nahIM haiM / ata eva katipaya vaiyAkaraNa prAcIna paramparA ke anusAra yadRcchA zabdoM kI gaNanA na karake tIna prakAra ke hI zabda mAnate 15 haiN| AcArya prApizali aura pANini bhI yadRcchA zabdoM ko saMskRta bhASA kA aGga nahIM mAnate / ataeva ve kahate haiM yadRcchAzaktijAnukaraNA vA yadA dIrghAH syuH / prA0 zikSA 6 / 6 // yadRcchAzabde'zaktijAnukaraNe vA yadA dIrghAH syuH| pA0 zikSA 6 // 6 // 20 yahAM 'yadA pada yadacchA zabdoM kA anabhimatatva vyakta karatA hai| ye yadacchA zabda arthAt nitAnta rUDha zabda saMskRta bhASA kA aGga na hone se anitya mAne jAte haiN| kRtrima Ti gha Adi saMjJAoM kA 1. dra- 'naka padajAtam / yathA--arthaH padamaindrANAmiti / ' niruktadurgavRtti 1 / 11 pRSTha 10, AnandAzrama, puunaa| 2. catuSTayI zabdAnAM pravRtti:-jAtizabdAH, guNazabdAH, kriyAzabdAH, yadRcchAzabdAzcaturthAH / Rlaka, (pratyA0 2) sUtrabhASya / 3. trayI ca zabdAnAM pravRtti:-jAtizabdA guNazabdAH kriyAzabdA iti / na santi yadRcchAzabdAH / Rlak, (pratyA0 2) sUtrabhASya / 4. svAmI dayAnandA sarasvatI zabdoM ke nitya anitya do bheda mAnate haiN| 1 dra0-RgvedAdibhASyabhUmikA 'vedanityatva-prakaraNa' pRSTha 31, rAlAkaTra0 sN0||

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa samAveza bhI yadRcchA zabdoM ke antargata hotA hai| nAgeza mahAbhASyapradIpodyota 1 // 3 / 1, pRSTha 111 (nirNayasAgara saMska0) meM Ti ghu Adi kRtrima saMjJAoM ko bhI anAdi arthAt nitya mAnatA hai| hamAre vicAra meM yaha mata zAstrasaMmata nahIM hai / nyAsa 3 / 331 meM bhI likhA hai-tadevaM niruktakArazAkaTAyanadarzanena trayI zabdAnAM pravRttiH-jAtizabdA guNazabdAH kriyAzabdA iti| prakriyAkaumudi kI TIkA meM viTThala likhatA hai evaM jAtiguNakriyAvAcitvAcchabdAnAM trayyeva pravRttirna catuSTayo, yAdacchakAnAmabhAvAt / athavA sarve kriyAzabdA eva syuH, sarveSAM dhAtu10 jatvAt / tata ekaiva pravRttinaM trayI na catuSTayo / bhAga 2, pRSTha 60 mImAMsakoM ne bhI lokavedAdhikaraNa (mI0 113 / adhi0 10) meM jAti zabda guNazabda kriyAzabdoM ke sambandha meM hI vicAra kiyA hai| yadRcchAzabdoM kA rUDhatva-bhASA meM yadcchAzabdoM kI pravRtti ahaMbhAva aura mUrkhatA ke kAraNa hotI hai / jagat meM jaise-jaise ina 15 kAraNoM kI vRddhi hotI jAtI haiM, usI anupAta se bhASA meM yadRcchA. zabdoM kI vRddhi hotI jAtI hai| yataH yadRcchAzabda bhASA athavA vyAkaraNa ke niyamoM ke anusAra soca vicArakara artha-vizeSa meM prayukta nahIM kiye jAte,' ataH ve kRtsna varNasamudAya se hI arthavizeSa ke saMketa mAna lie jAte haiM / isalie yadRcchAzabda rUDha hI hote haiN| ___ yadRcchAzabdoM kA vaiyarthya yadRcchAzabdoM meM svAbhAvika vAcakatva zakti ke abhAva ke kAraNa ve bhASA meM bhArarUpa hI hote haiN| unase koI bhI vizeSa prayojana siddha nahIM hotaa| mahAkavi mAgha ne satya hI likhA hai yadRcchAzabdavat puMsaH saMjJAyai janma kevalam / zizu0 2 / 47 // 25 ata eva kAtyAyana aura pataJjali jaise prAmANika prAcAryoM ne yadacchAzabdoM kI kalpanA kA pratyAkhyAna karake nyAyya zAstrAnvita zabdoM ke vyavahAra kI hI AjJA dI hai|' 1. dra0--yadRcchayA kazcid lutako nAma / 'Rluka' sUtrabhASya // 2. nyAyyabhAvAt kalpanaM saMjJAdiSu / nyAyyasya Rtakazabdasya bhAvAt

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zabdoM ke dhAtujatva aura dhAtu ke svarUpa para vicAra 11 isa prakAra yadRcchAzabdoM ko saMskRta bhASA kA aGga svIkAra na karane para nAma zabdoM meM yaugika aura yogarUDha do hI prakAra avaziSTa rahate haiN| kyoMki saMskRta bhASA meM yadRcchAzabdoM ke atirikta koI bhI zabda mUlataH rUDha nahIM hai (yaha hama anupada hI drshaayeNge)| ___ sampUrNa zabdoM kA yaugikatva-ati prAcIna kAla meM na kevala nAma 5 zabda, apitu avyaya (svarAdi+nipAta) bhI yaugika arthAt dhAtuja hI mAne jAte the| isa paramparA ke prAyaH utpanna ho jAne para bhI nirukta aura uNAdisUtroM ke pravaktA prAcAryoM tathA vedabhASyakAroM ne aneka avyayoM kI dhAtu se vyutpatti darzAI hai / yathA accha-abherAptumiti shaakpuunniH| nirukta 5 / 28 / svAhA-ityetat su Aheti vA svA vAgAheti vA svayaM prAheti vA svAhutaM havirjuhotIti vA / nirukta 8 / 20 / / pRthak-prathe: kit saMprasAraNaM ca / uNAdi 1 / 137 / / samayA-nikaSA-prAH saminikaSibhyAm / uNAdi 4 / 175 // vATa=vahanti sukhAni yayA kriyayA sA / vATa nipAto'yam / dayAnandIya yajuvaMdabhASya 2 // 18 // kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha kI kannaDa TIkA meM bahuta se avyayoM kA dhAtujatva darzAyA hai| isa prakAra ina prAcAryoM ne utsanna huI prAcIna paramparA kI ora saMketa karake use punarujjIvita karane kA prayatna kiyA hai| 20 vaiyAkaraNoM meM hemavandrAcArya ne apanI bRhadvRtti ke svopajJa mahAnyAsa meM aneka avyayoM aura nipAtoM kA dhAtujatva darzAyA hai / yaugikatva se rUDhatva kI aora gati--yaha sarvatantra siddhAnta hai ki jina zabdoM meM dhAtvartha kA anugamana pratIta hotA hai, ve yaugika mAne jAte haiN| jinameM dhAtvartha anugamana pratIta hone para bhI kisI artha vizeSa 25 kalpanaM saMjJAdiSu sAdhu manyante / ....... apara Aha--nyAyya RtakazabdaH zAstrAnvito'sti / sa eva kalpayitavyaH sAdhuH saMjJA diSu ............ / Rlaka (pratyA0 2) sUtrabhASya /

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa meM niyata pratIta hote haiM, ve yogarUDha kahe jAte haiM aura jina zabdoM meM dhAtvartha kA anugamana kathacit bhI pratIta nahIM hotA, ve rUDha mAne jAte haiN| saMskRta bhASA ke itihAsa se spaSTa hai ki manuSyoM ke uttarottara matimAndya ke kAraNa yaugikatva-dhAtvartha pratIti meM bhI uttarottara 5 hrAsa huA / isa kAraNa zabdoM meM yaugikatva se yogarUDhatva aura yogarUDhatva se rUDhatva kI ora adhikAdhika gati huI hai|' avyayoM kA rUDhatva-ukta pravRtti ke anusAra jaba dhAtvartha anugamana kA hrAsa huyA, taba sabase prathama avyayoM para isakA prabhAva pdd'aa| unameM dhAtvartha-anugamana kI pratIti kA nAza ho jone para unheM rUDha 10 mAna liyA, arthAt kRtsnavarNa samudAya ke rUpa meM unheM artha vizeSa kA vAcaka athavA dyotaka svIkAra kara liyaa| nAma zabdoM kA yogarUDhatva aura rUDhatva-ukta pravRtti ke anusAra jaba nAma zabdoM meM bhI dhAtvartha-anugamana aura arthavaividhya vismRta hone lagA, taba nAma zabdoM kI bhI zuddha yaugikatA se yogarUDhatva aura yoga15 rUDhatva se rUDhatva kI ora gati hone lgii| jaise-jaise dhAtvartha-anugamana vismRta hone lagA, vaise-vaise bhASA meM rUDha zabdoM kI saMkhyA vRddhiMgata hoto gii| rUDha mAne gaye zabdoM ke viSaya meM vivAda-jaba saMskRta bhASA meM zabdoM ke rUDhatva kI bhAvanA dar3hamUla ho gaI, taba rUDhatvena svIkRta zabdoM ke viSaya meM zAstrakAroM meM eka atyanta rocaka aura atyanta mahattvapUrNa vivAda utpanna huA / gAya ke atirikta samasta narukta AcArya aura vaiyAkaraNa zAkaTAyana loka meM rUDha mAne jAne vAle zabdoM ke dhAtujatva kA, aura nairukta gArgya tathA zAkaTAyana vyatirikta vaiyAkaraNa adhAtujatva kA pratipAdana karane lge| nirukta ke prathamAdhyAya ke 12-14 khaNDoM meM isa vivAda para gambhIra vivecana kiyA hai| yAska ne rUDha zabdoM ko adhAtuja mAnane vAle prAcAryoM kI yuktiyoM kA bar3I uttamatA se nikAraNa karake sampUrNa nAma zabdoM ke dhAtujatva siddhAnta kA ... 1. isa viSaya kI vizada mImAMsA hama 'saMskRta bhASA kA itihAsa' grantha meM kreNge|

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zabdoM ke dhAtujatva aura dhAtu ke svarUpa para vicAra 13 bhale prakAra sthApana kiyA hai, arthAt yAska ke mata meM koI bhI zabda rUDha=adhAtuja nahIM hai / yahI mata mahAvaiyAkaraNa zAkaTAyana kA hai| uNAdi-sUtroM ke pArthakya kA kAraNa-jaba zabdoM ke eka bar3e aMza ke viSaya meM yaugikatva aura rUDhatva sambandhI matabheda utpanna ho gayA, taba tAtkAlika vaiyAkaraNoM ne una vivAdAspada zabdoM ke sAdhutva-jJApana 5 ke liye eka aisA mArga nikAlA, jisase donoM matoM kA samanvaya ho .. ske| isake lie unhoMne uNAdivATha kA pravacana kiyaa| arthAt use zabdAnuzAsana ke kRdanta dhAtUja zabdoM ke prakaraNa kA khila banAkara zabdAnuzAsana se pRthaka kara diyA / rUDhatvena abhimata vivAdAspada zabdoM ko dhAtuja mAnanevAloM kI daSTi se zabdAnuzAsanastha kRdanta zabdoM ke 10 samAna unake prakRti pratyaya aMza kA pravacana kara diyA. aura zabdAnuzAsana ke kRdanta prakaraNa se bahirbhUta karake unakA rUDhatva bhI abhivyakta kara diyaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki sAmpratika prAyaH sabhI uNAdivyAkhyAkAra prauNAdika zabdoM ko rUDa mAnate hae varNAnupUrvI ke parijJAnamAtra ke liye unameM prakRti-pratyaya vibhAga kI kalpanA svIkAra 15 karate haiN|' uNAdi sUtrau ke sambandha meM bhrAnti-Adhunika vaiyAkaraNa nikAya meM yaha dhAraNA dRDhamUla ho gaI ki vartamAna paJcapAdI uNAdisUtra zAkaTAyana prokta haiN| vastutaH yaha dhAraNA bhrAntimUlaka hai| isa bhrAnti kA kAraNa uNAdayo bahulam (aSTA0 3 / 3 / 1) sUtra para likhe 20 gaye mahAbhASyakAra ke nimna zabda haiM nAma ca dhAtujamAha nirukte vyAkaraNe ca tokam / ......." vaiyAkaraNAnAM ca zAkaTAyana Aha dhAtujaM nAmeti / vastutaH bhASyakAra ko yahAM itanA hI batAnA abhipreta hai ki 1. uNAdipratyayAntAH sNjnyaashbdaaH| tena teSAmatra svarUpasaMvedanasvaravarNA- . nupUrvImAtraphalam anvAkhyAnam / zvetavanavAsI, uNAdivRtti 1 / 1 / / isI prakAra anya vRttikAroM ne bhI likhA hai| 2. yeyaM zAkaTAyanAdibhiH paJcapAdI viracitA / zvetavanavAsI uNAdi-vRtti 1 // 1 // evaM ca kRvApeti uNAdisUtrANi zAkaTAyanasyeti sUcitam / nAgeza pradIpodyota 3 / 3 / 1 / /

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14 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa nairukta AcArya aura vaiyAkaraNoM meM zAkaTAyana sabhI nAma zabdoM ko ghAtuja mAnate haiN| vartamAna paJcapAdo uNAdisUtra zAkaTAyana-prokta haiM, yaha mahAbhASyakAra ke kisI bhI pada se iGgita nahIM hotaa| pANini se pUrvavartI aneka vaiyAkaraNoM ne uNAdisUtroM kA pravacana kiyA 5 thaa| pUrva prAcAryoM kI paramparA ke anusAra pANini ne bhI khilapATha ke rUpa meM uNAdisUtroM kA pravacana kiyaa| pANini se uttaravartI vaiyAkaraNoM ne bhI uNAdi-pravacana dvArA prAcIna paramparA ko adyayAvat akSuNNa banAe rkho| proNAdika zabdoM ke viSaya meM pANinIya mata-yadyapi bhagavAn 10 pANini ne rUDha zabdoM ke yaugikatva (dhAtujatva) pakSa ko surakSita rakhane ke liye prAcIna vaiyAkaraNa-paramparA ke anusAra uNAdisUtroM kA pathaka pravacana kiyA, tathApi ve vRkSAdi zabdoM kA rUDha mAnate hae bhI unheM sarvathA avyutpanna nahIM mAnate the| ataeva pANini ne AcArya zantanu ke samAna avyutpanna prAtipadikoM ke svara-jJAna ke liye prAti15 padika svarabodhaka lakSaNoM kA nirdeza nahIM kiyA / yadi ve unheM sarvathA avyatpanna mAnate, to ve bhI prAcArya zantanu ke phiTa-sUtroM ke samAna prAtipadika-svara ke bodhaka lakSaNoM kI racanA krte| - kAtyAyana aura pataJjali ne rUDha zabdoM ko dhAtuja mAnane para jahAM zAstrIya doSa upasthita hotA thA, vahAM usakI nivRtti ke liye 20 pakSAntarairapi parihArA bhavanti (Rluka, sUtra-bhASya) nyAyAnusAra likhA hai prAtipadikavijJAnAcca bhagavataH pANineH siddham / prAtipadikavijJAnAcca bhagavataH pANinerAcAryasya siddham / uNAdayo'vyutpannAni prAtipadikAni / mahA0 71 // 2 // 25 arthAt- [akhaNDa] prAtipadika mAnane se pANini prAcArya ke mata meM siddha hai / uNAdi [niSpanna] zabda avyutpanna prAtipadika haiN| ___auNAdika zabdoM ke viSaya meM svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI kA mata-samasta vaiyAkaraNa sampradAya meM prAcArya zAkaTAyana ke anantara 1. isa viSaya para pavika isI grantha meM Age ugAdi prakaraNa meM likheNge| 2. prakriyAsarvasva, uNAdi-prakaraNa 1140, pRSTha 10, madrAsa saMskaraNa nArAyaNa-vRtti /

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zabdoM ke dhAtujatva aura dhAtu ke svarUpa para vicAra, 15 svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI hI aise vaiyAkaraNa vyakti haiM, jo auNAdika zabdoM meM kisI ko bhI rUDha nahIM mAnate / ve pratyeka auNAdika zabda ko mUlataH zuddha yaugika mAnate haiM, aura aauttarakAlika prasiddhi ke anusAra unheM yogarUDha svIkAra karate haiM / isI dRSTi se svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ne pratyeka proNAdika zabda ke zuddha yaugika aura yogarUDha 5 do-do prakAra ke artha darzAe haiM / yathApAti rakSati sa pAyuH, rakSakaH gudendriyaM vA / uNAdikoza 1 // 1 // yahAM 'pAyu' ko yaugika mAnakara prathama 'rakSaka' artha darzAyA hai, aura yogarUDha mAnakara 'gudendriya' / isI prakAra sarvatra do-do prakAra ke artha darzAe haiN|' ___ isa dRSTi se svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI kI uNAdivRtti svalpAkSarA hote hue bhI proNAdika vAGamaya meM patyanta mahattvapUrNa sthAna rakhato hai| isa para adhika vicAra yathAsthAna kiyA jaayegaa| sampUrNa nAma zabdoM kI rUDhatva meM pariNati-pUrvanirdiSTa dhAtvarthaanugamana ke uttarottara hrAsa ke kAraNa saMskRta bhASA ke itihAsa meM 15 eka aisA bhI samaya upasthita ho gayA, jaba pUrvAcAryoM dvArA asandigdharUpa se yaugika mAne gae pAcaka paktA Adi zabda bhI vRkSa Adi zabdoM ke samAna rUDha mAna lie gae / koI bhI zabda yaugika athavA yogarUDha nahIM rhaa| ata eva kAtantra vyAkaraNa ke mUla pravaktA ne sampUrNa kRdanta bhAga ke pravacana ko anAvazyaka samajha kara use apane 20 tantra meM sthAna nahIM diyaa| isa ghora ajJAnAvRta duravasthA kA saMketa kAtantra ke vyAkhyAkAra durgasiMha ke nimna zabdoM se milatA hai vRkSAdivadamI rUDhA na kRtinA kRtAH kRtaH / kAtyAyanena te sRSTA vibudhapratipattaye // arthAt- kRdanta pAcaka Adi zabda bhI vRkSa Adi ke samAna rUDha 25 haiM / ataH granthakAra (zarvavarmA) ne kRdanta zabda viSayaka sUtra nahIM race / vibudha logoM ke parijJAna ke lie kAtyAyana ne inheM racA hai| 1. isa vRtti meM jahAM-kahIM sAkSAt yaugika artha kA nirdeza nahIM kiyA hai, vahAM vyutpatti-nirdeza se use yathAvat jAna lenA caahiye|

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16 saMskRta-vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa isa prakAra sampUrNa kRdanta zabdoM ko rUDha svIkAra kara lene para bhI uttaravartI vaiyAkaraNa apane zabdAnuzAsanoM kI paripUrNatA ke lie prAcIna paramparAnusAra kRdanta zabdoM kA anvAkhyAna karate rhe| itanA hI nahIM, kAtantra ke mUlapravaktA dvArA kRdanta bhAga kI upekSA hone 5 para bhI, uttaravartI AcArya kAtyAyana ko kAtantra ko paripUrNatA ke lie kRdanta bhAga kA pravacana karanA pdd'aa| taddhitAnta bhI rUDha zabda zabdoM kI rUDhatA kRdantoM taka hI sImita nahIM rhii| kAtantrakAra ne yadyapi tAddhita zabdoM kA upadeza kiyA hai, parantu kAtantra10 paribhASA ke vRttikAra durgAsiMha' ne taddhitAntoM ko bhI rUDha mAnA hai| vaha likhatA hai-saMjJAzabdatvAt taddhitAntAnAm / ' dhAtusvarUpa vaiyAkaraNoM ke matAnusAra zabda tIna prakAra ke haiM-dhAtuja, adhAtuja aura nAmaja / dhAtuja bhI do prakAra ke haiM-pacati, paThati Adi kriyA 15 zabda aura pAcaka, pAThaka Adi nAma zabda / vRkSAdi nAma, upasarga, nipAta aura avyaya adhAtuja arthAt rUDha mAne jAte haiN| taddhita pratyayAnta zabda nAmaja hote haiM / samasta arthAt samAsayukta pada ukta trividha zabdoM ke samudAyamAtra hote haiM, ataH unakI pRthak gaNanA nahIM kI jaatii| 20 dhAtulakSaNa-vaiyAkaraNa nikAya meM dhAtu zabda kA lakSaNa isa prakAra kiyA jAtA hai dadhAti vividha zabdarUpaM yaH sa dhAtuH / arthAta jo zabdoM ke vibidharUpoM ko dhAraNa karanevAlA, niSpAdana karane vAlA [zabda ke antaHpraviSTa rUpa] hai, vaha 'dhAtu' 25 kahAtA hai| 1. yaha durgasiMha kAtantravRttikAra durgasiMha se bhinna hai| sambhava hai kAtantravRtti kA TIkAkAra durgasiMha hove / do durgasihoM ke liye prathama bhAga meM 'kAtantra ke vyAkhyAtA' prakaraNa dekheN| 2. kAtantra-paribhASAvRtti, pRSTha 52 / dra0 paribhASA-saMgraha, pUnA saMskaraNa /

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2/3 zabdoM ke dhAtujatva aura dhAtu ke svarUpa para vicAra 17 zabdoM ke dhAtujatva para vicAra-bhASA-vaijJAnikoM ne isa prazna para gaharA vicAra kiyA hai ki mAnava bhASA ke prArambhika mUla zabda kauna se rahe hoge / katipaya vidvAnoM ne zabdoM ke dhAtUjatva siddhAnta ko daSTi meM rakhakara bhASA ke prArambhika zabda dhAtumAtra svIkAra kie, parantu yaha pakSa vyAvahArika dRSTi se anupapanna hai| prArambha meM cAhe koI bhI 5 bhASA rahI ho, parantu kevala dhAtumAtra zabdo ke sAhAyya se lokavyavahAra kathaMcit bhI upapanna nahIM ho sktaa| loka-vyavahAra ke yathocita upapanna hone ke lie nAma prAkhyAta upasarga aura nipAta Adi sabhI prakAra ke zabdoM kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| ataH bhASA ke mUla zabda dhAtumAtra nahIM mAne jA sakate / parantu zabdoM ko 10 dhAtuja mAnana para dhAtuoM kI sattA unase pUrva svIkAra avazya karanI par3atI hai| bhAratIya mata kA spaSTIkaraNa-bhAratIya bhASAzAstrajJa bhI sampUrNa nAma-zabdoM ko dhAtuja mAnate hai, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiN| isalie bhAratIya mata kA spaSTIkaraNa Avazyaka hai| akkiAlika spaSTIkaraNa-- akkiAlika bhAratIya bhASAvidoM ne zabdoM ke dhAtujatva para gambhIra vivecana kiyA, aura unhoMne rAddhAnta sthira kiyA ki 'zabda nitya haiM,' arthAt pUrvataH vidyamAna haiM / zAstrakAroM ne pUrvataH vidyamAna zabdoM meM prakRti-pratyaya aMza kI kalpanA karake unake upadeza kA eka mArga banAyA hai| zAstrakAroM kA prakRti-pratyaya 20 vibhAga kAlpanika hai, pAramArthika nahIM / ata eva zabda-nivecana ke diSaya meM zAstrakAroM meM matabheda bhI dekhA jAtA hai| yadi prakRtipratyaya-vibhAga kAlpanika na hotA, to zAstrakAroM meM matabheda bhI na hotA / isa spaSTIkaraNa ke anusAra dhAtujatva siddhAnta kA koI mUlya hI nahIM rahatA / ataH hamArI dRSTi meM yaha spaSTIkaraNa cintya hai| 25 prAcIna vAGamaya ke sAhAyya se spaSTIkaraNa-'na prasiddhinirmUlA' isa kahAvata ke anusAra bhAratIya prAcInatama rAddhAnta 'saba zabda dhAtuja haiM' kA kucha mUla avazya honA caahie| kucha mUla hone para 1. anvAkhyAnAni bhidyante zabdavyutpattikarmasu / vAkya0 2 / 171 / / kaizcinirvacanaM bhinna giratergarjatergameH / giratergadatervApi gaurityatrAnudarzitam // .. vAkya0 21175 //

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18 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 5 usake svarUpa kA parivartana sambhava hai, aura prayatna karane para usake mUla svarUpa kA parijJAna bhI ho sakatA hai / isI dhAraNA ko lekara hamane bhAratIya aura pAzcAtya bhASAzAstra ke vividha granthoM ke anuzIlana ke sAtha sAtha bhAratIya prAcInatama vaidika vAGmaya aura vividha vyAkaraNoM kA vizeSa adhyayana kiyA / usase hama isa pariNAma para pahuMce ki bhAratIya prAcInatama rAddhAnta 'saba zabda ghAtumUlaka haiM' sarvathA satya hai / itanA hI nahIM, usako svIkAra karane meM bhASAzAstra kI dRSTi se athavA vyAvahArika dRSTi se koI doSa bhI upasthApita nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / parantu ati purAkAla meM dhAtu kA vaha svarUpa nahIM thA. jo 10 samprati svIkAra kiyA jAtA haiM / ataH dhAtu ke svarUpa para vicAra karanA Avazyaka hai / dhAtu kA prAcIna svarUpa dhAtu-lakSaNa kA spaSTIkaraNa - nissandeha vaiyAkaraNoM dvArA pradarzita dhAtu-lakSaNa 'dadhAti zabdasvarUpaM yaH sa dhAtuH sarvathA satya hai, parantu 15 isakA vAstavika tAtparya hai - 'vibhinna prakAra ke zabdarUpoM ko dhAraNa karanevAlA jo mUla zabda hai, vaha dhAtu kahAtA hai' arthAt jo zabda AvazyakatAnusAra nAma - vibhaktiyoM se yukta hokara nAma bana jAe; prakhyAta vibhaktoM se yukta hokara kriyA ko dyotana karane lage, aura ubhayavidha vibhaktiyoM se rahita rahakara svArthamAtra kA dyotaka hove, vaha 20 (tInoM rUpoM meM pariNata honevAlA ) mUla zabda hI 'dhAtu' padavAcya hotA / isa prakAra ke AvazyakatAnusAra vividha rUpoM meM pariNata honevAle zabdahI Adi bhASA saMskRta ke mUla zabda the / yataH ye mUlabhUta zabda hI nAma prakhyAta aura avyaya rUpa vividha prakAra ke zabdoM meM pariNata hote haiM, ataH 'saba dhAtuja haiM' yaha bhAratIya prAcIna rAddhAnta sarvathA 25 satya hai / prati prAcIna kAla ke bhAratIya bhASAvid ukta prakAra ke mUlabhUta zabdoM ko hI 'dhAtu' kahate the / 30 dhAtu = prAtipadika - pratipurAkAla meM pUrva-nirdiSTa dhAtu zabdoM ke lie prAtipadika zabda kA bhI vyavahAra hotA thA, aisA hamArA vicAra hai / prAtipadika zabda kA sva-artha hai 'padaM padaM prati - pratipadam / pratipadeSu bhavaM prAtipadikam / '

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zabdoM ke dhAtujatva aura dhAtu ke svarUpa para vicAra 16 arthAt jo nAma prAkhyAta aura avyaya (upasarga-nipAta) rUpa sarvavidha padoM meM mUlarUpa se vidyamAna rahe, vaha 'prAtipadika' kahAtA hai|' bhagavAn pANini ne 'prAtipadika' saMjJA kA nirdeza dhAtu aura pratyaya se bhinna arthavAn zabda ke lie kiyA hai / parantu 'sarvA mahatI saMjJA anvarthAH' isa nyAya ke anusAra prAtipadika rUpa mahatI saMjJA bhI 5 apanI anvarthatA kA bodha karAtI huI apane andara nihita vyAkaraNazAstra kI athavA bhASA-vijJAna ko atipurAkAla kI prakriyA ke svarUpa ko abhivyakta kara rahI hai| atiprAcIna zabda-pravacana zailI-mahAbhASya meM bhagavAna pataJjali ne prasaGgAt eka ati prAcIna pAkhyAna uddhRta kiyA hai| usa pAkhyAna 10 se vidita hotA hai ki jaba taka vyAkaraNa-zAstra lakSaNarUpa meM nibaddha nahIM huA thA, taba taka zabdoM kA pratipada upadeza hotA thaa| usa pratipada upadeza kA kyA svarUpa thA, yadyapi yaha samprati nizcayAtmaka rUpa se nahIM kahA jA sakatA, tathApi saMbhava hai ki eka mUlabhUta zabda ko lekara usase AkhyAta-vibhaktiyAM jor3akara pAkhyAta-rUpoM ke, tathA 15 nAma-vibhaktiyAM jor3akara nAmarUpoM ke nidarzana kI prathA thii| usI mUlabhUta zabda se kRta aura taddhita pratyaya jor3akara kRdanta aura taddhitAnta zabdoM kA pravacana bhI kiyA jAtA thaa| ubhaya-vidha vibhaktiyoM ke vinA svArthamAtra meM (avyaya rUpa meM) prayoga hotA thaa| yahI bAta niruktakAra yAska ne prakArAntara se likhI hai anu" upasargoM luptanAmakaraNaH / nirukta 6 / 22 // isa ati prAcInakAla kI zabda-pravacana zailI ko spaSTa karane ke lie hama eka atyanta vispaSTa udAharaNa upasthita karate haiM uSas zabda kaNDvAdigaNa (3|1|27)meN paThita hai / kaNDa vAdigaNastha zabda Aja bhI vaiyAkaraNoM dvArA dhAtu aura prAtipadika rUpa ubhayavidha 25 mAne jAte haiM / isa dRSTi se kaNDvAdigaNastha zabdoM kI Aja bhI 1. tulanA karo-pratipada pATha se| 2. bRhaspatirindrAya divyaM varSasahasra pratipadoktAnAM zabdAnAM zabdapArAyaNaM provAca, na cAntaM jagAma / mahA0 111 // prA0 1 / 3. dhAtuH prakaraNAd dhAtuH kasya cAsaMjanAdapi / Aha cAyamimaM dIrgha manye 1. dhAturvibhASitaH // mahA0 3 / 1 // 37 // 20

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20 saMskRta-vyAkaraNa- zAstra kA itihAsa vahI sthiti haiM, jo prati purAkAla meM zabdamAtra kI thI / ' 'uSas' kA kaNDvAdigaNa meM pATha hone se use dhAtu mAnakara uSasyati prAdi kriyArUpoM kI, tathA uSasyakaH uSasitA uSasitavyam uSasanIyam pradi kRdanta zabdoM kI siddhi darzAI jAtI hai aura nAma mAnakara uSAH 5 uSasau uSasaH Adi nAmarUpoM kI niSpatti kI jAtI hai / 'uSasa' zabda kA cAdigaNa (1 / 4 / 57) meM pATha hone se ubhayavidha vibhaviyoM se rahita yaha nipAtarUpa avyaya bhI hai / isI avyaya se uSastyam upasttanama Adi taddhitarUpa niSpanna hote haiM / ati purAkAla meM upasargoM kI bhI pRthak sattA nahIM thI / ve mUlabhUta 10 zabda ke hI avayava mAne jAte the / zrataH praT Adi kA prAgama bhI upasarvAMza se pUrva hotA thaa| Aja bhI sagrAma ( = sam + grAma), nivAsa ( = ni + vAsa ), vIra ( = vi + Ira), vyaya (vi + praya) Adi katipaya dhAtuoM meM yaha sthiti dekhI jAtI hai / isa vivecanA se spaSTa hai ki vyAkaraNazAstra ke lakSaNabaddha hone se 15 pUrva pratipada - pravacana dvArA isI prakAra zabdoM kA pravacana hotA thA / ata eva usa kAla meM ukta prakAra ke mUlabhUta zabdoM ko krama - vizeSa se jisa grantha meM saMgraha kiyA gayA, vaha 'zabdapArAyaNa' kahAtA thA / uttarakAlIna sthiti - upari nirdiSTa ati prAcIna kAla kI sthiti ke pazcAt upasarga nipAta aura avyayoM kI svatantra sattA svI20 kAra ko gaI, parantu nAma aura prAkhyAta padoM ke mUlabhUta zabda pUrvavat samAna rahe, arthAt eka hI zabda se ubhayavidha vibhaktiyoM se saMbaddhapadoM 1. sAmpratika nAmadhAtuprakriyA bhI isI purAtana sthiti kI ora saMketa karatI hai / yathA azva ivAcarati prazvati, gardabhati / 1 1. 'pUrva ghAturupasargeNa yujyate pazcAt sAdhanena'; 'pUrva hi dhAtu: sAdhanena 25 yujyate pazcAdupasargeNa' ye donoM paribhASAeM prati purAkAla ke sopasarga aura nirupasargaM dvividha dhAtuoM kI mUlasthiti kI ora saMketa karatI haiM / isa para agale 10 veM sandarbha meM (pRSTha 24 ) vizeSarUpa se likhA hai / 3. 'zabdapArAyaNaM rUDhizabdo'yaM kasyacid granthasya' / bhartRharikRta mahAbhASyaTIkA, hastalekha pRSTha 21; pUnA saMska0 pRSTha 17 //

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zabdoM ke dhAtujatva aura dhAtu ke svarUpa para vicAra 21 kI niSpatti mAnI jAtI rhii| isI prakriyA kA svarUpa kaNDvAdigaNa ke rUpa meM Aja bhI vidyamAna hai| avarakAlIna sthiti-ukta kAla se avara kAla meM vyAkaraNazAstra kA pratikSepa se pravacana karane ke lie tatkAlIna vaiyAkaraNoM ne mUlataH anekavidha nAma aura kriyApadoM kI siddhi ke lie eka sUkSma dhAtvaMza ko kalpanA kI / usI meM vibhinna pratyayoM ke pare rahane para guNa vRddhi lopa iT Agama Adi vividha viSayoM kI kalpanA karake mUlataH vibhinna zabdoM kI niSpatti darzAne kA prayatna kiyA gayA / isI kAla meM mUla zabdoM ke avayavabhUta upasargAza bhI pRthak kie ge| yaha prakriyA uttara kAla meM adhikAdhika vikasita hotI gii| usakA phala 10 yaha huA ki mUlarUpa se vibhinna svataHsiddha zabdoM ko Aja hama eka kRtrima dhAtu se niSpanna karane kA prayatna karate haiM, aura usI kAlpanika dhAtu ke artha ke anusAra zabdArtha kI kalpanA karate haiN|' vatamAna dhAtuAThoM meM prAcIna mUlabhUta zabdoM kA nirdeza vaiyAkaraNoM dvArA sahasroM varSoM taka laghubhUta kRtrima dhAtvaMza-kalpanA 15 ke vikasita hone para bhI ati prAcIna kAla kI nAma-AkhyAta padoM ke ekavidha mUla zabda kI sthiti ko sarvathA lupta nahIM kiyA jA skaa| Aja bhI pANinIya tathA taduttaravartI vyAkaraNa usa ati prAcInakAla 1. isI kRtrima kalpanA ke kAraNa zabdArtha pUrNata: vyavasthita nahIM hotaa| nau zabda kI vyutpatti sAMpratika vaiyAkaraNa palAnudibhyAM DauH' (uNAdi 2165) sUtrAnusAra 'nuda' dhAtu se karate haiM / tadanusAra jo koI padArtha prarita kiyA jAe, vaha 'no' kahA jAnA cAhie, parantu kahA nahIM jaataa| prAcIna kAla kI paristhiti ke anusAra plavanArthaka 'nAvati' kriyA kA kartA hI 'nau' padavAcya hogaa| kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha meM 'Nau plavane' dhAtu Aja bhI paThita milatI hai / yahI avasthA 'gacchatIti gauH' kI hai| bhartRhari ne vAkyapadIya 2 / 176 meM kahA 25 hai.--gaurityeva svarUpAddhA gozabdo goSu vrtte|' isake svopajJa vivaraNa meM likhA hai--'apare tvAcAryA aukthikyAdayo gauH kassAt gaurityeva gauriti nirvcnmaahuH|' ye vacana bhI purAkAla kI 'gau' athavA 'go' rUpa mUla zabda kI ora saMketa karate haiN|

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22 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kI sthiti kA aneka prakAra se bodha karA rahe haiM / hama yahAM pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke katipaya nirdeza upasthita karate haiM - 1 - pANinIya dhAtupATha meM prAja bhI zataza: aisI dhAtueM paThita haiM, jo usI rUpa meM loka meM nAma rUpa se bhI vyavahRta hotI haiN| yathApuSpa zama dama vyaya vRkSa zUra vIra hala sthala sthUla kula bala Uha paNa vAsa nivAsa kumAra gomaya saMgrAma zrAdi-Adi / 2 - pANini ke dvArA viziSTa kArya ke lie lagAe vibhinna anu bandhoM ko haTAkara yadi a-varNa ( jisakA kriyArUpa meM loga ho jAtA hai, yathA - pupyati ) anta meM jor3a deM, to zatazaH dhAtueM aisI bana 10 jAeMgI, jo usI rUpa meM nAmarUpa meM prayukta hotI haiM / yathAprakSU = prakSa, zloka - zloka, AG reku = zrAreka, kramu = krama Adi Adi / 3 - jina dhAtutroM meM num (n) kA Agama karane ke lie ikAra anubandha lagAyA hai, usako haTAkara aura yathAsthAna mUlabhUta anu15 nAsika varNa ko baiThAkara anta meM a prA jor3ane se dhAtueM mUla zabdarUpa meM anAyAsa pariNata ho jAtI haiN| aisI dhAtueM pANinIya dhAtupATha meM atyadhika haiM / yathA 25 skabhi = skambha; jUbhi = jRmbhA, paDi = paNDA, muDi-muNDa, Taki- TaGka, zuThi - zuNTha, yatri = yantra, matri = mantra, 20 4 - isI prakAra mUlabhUta praza kI upasarga ke rUpa meM pRthak kalpanA karane para bhI pANinIya dhAtupATha meM aneka dhAtueM aisI vidyamAna haiM, jinameM vartamAna dRSTi se upasargAMza saMyukta hai / yathA saMgrAma = sam + grAma, vyaya = vi + zraya, vIra - vi + Ira | ina dhAtuoM ke laGa luGa, lRG ke rUpoM meM aT kA Agama upaza se pUrva hotA hai|' yaha sarvasammata siddhAnta hai / 5 - sahasroM varSoM se sUkSmabhUta dhAtvaMza kI svatantra kalpanA karane 1. mahAbhASyakAra ne 'avazyaM saMgrAmayate: sopasargAdutpattirvaktavyA asaM - grAmayata zUra ityevamartham' (301 / 12 ) meM yadyapi kevala saMgrAma kA hI nirdeza kiyA hai, tathApi use isa prakAra kI dhAtunoM kA upalakSaka samajhanA caahiye|

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zabdoM ke dhAtujatva aura dhAtu ke svarUpa para vicAra 23 para bhI daivagatyA avaziSTa kaNDvAdigaNa usa ati prAcIna kAla kI sthiti ko vyakta kara rahA hai, jaba eka hI zabda AkhyAta aura nAma kI ubhayavidha vibhaktiyoM se yukta hokara kriyArUpoM aura nAmarUpoM ko dhAraNa karate the| dhAtupAThastha carAdigaNa kI bhI prAyaH yahI sthiti hai| ata eva pANini ne carAdigaNastha dhAtUtroM se Nic karane ke lie 5 unheM satyApa pAza rUpa vINA Adi aise zabdoM ke sAtha par3hA hai jinakA AkhyAta aura nAma vibhaktiyoM meM prayoga hotA hai| mahAbhASyakAra ne bhI 3 / 1 / 21 sUtra-paThita nAma-zabdoM ko pakSAntara meM dhAtu svIkAra kiyA hai athavA dhAtava eva muNDAdayaH / na caiva hyA Adizyante kriyA- 10 vacanatA ca gamyate / mahA0 3 // 18 // isI prakAra avagalbha Adi zabdoM ko aura kyajanta zabdoM ko bhI mahAbhASyakAra ne dhAtueM hI mAnA haiM / draSTavya kramazaH mahA0 3 / 1 / 11 tathA 16 / 6-samasta vaiyAkaraNa Aja bhI sabhI nAma (prAtipadika) zabdoM 15 se AcAra Adi arthoM meM kvip kyac kyaGa' Adi pratyaya karake unase AkhyAta rUpa banAte haiM azva-prazvati, azvIyati (chanda meM-prazvAyati), azvAyate / yaha prakriyA mUlabhUta prAcIna saralatama (eka zabda se ubhayavidha 1. satyApapAzarUpavINAtUlazlokasenAlomatvaca varmavarNacarNacurAdibhyo nnic| 20 aSTA0 3 / 1 / 25 // golDasTukara ne pANini ke isa sUtra para AkSepa karate hue likhA hai ki pANini ne apane vyAkaraNa meM vaijJAnika DhaMga se vyavasthA nahIM baaNdhii| usane carAdi dhAtuoM ko nAmazabdoM se NividhAyaka sUtra meM par3ha diyaa| vastuta: golDasTukara kA lekha cintya haiN| prAcArya ne isa vyavahAra se curAdi ghAtuoM kI usa viziSTa sthiti kI ora saMketa kiyA haiM, jo ki 25 kaNDvAdigaNastha zabdoM kI hai| 2 'sarvaprAtipadikebhya AcAre kvibvaktavya' (vA0 3 / 1 / 11) azva iva prAcarita--azvati, gardabhati / 'supa Asmana: kyac (aSTA0 3 / 1 / 8), upamAnAdAcAre, kartu: kyaG salopazca (aSTA0 3 / 1 / 10, 11) /

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24 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa vibhaktiyoM kA jor3anA rUpa) prakriyA kA dravir3a prANAyAmavat kliSTa prakAramAtra hai| 7-sAmpratika vaiyAkaraNoM dvArA vyavahRta nAmadhAtu rUpa mahato saMjJA bhI prAcIna kAla kI usI prakriyA ko vyakta karatI hai, jisake 5 anusAra eka hI zabda nAma aura dhAtu ubhayarUpa mAnA jAtA thaa| 8-vartamAna vaiyAkaraNoM dvArA kinhIM zabdavizeSoM ke liye svIkRta 'kvinto dhAtutvaM na jahAti' paribhASA bhI vAca uc Adi zabdoM ke ubhayavidha (nAma dhAtu) svarUpa ko prakaTa kara rahI hai / __-zizupAlavadha 1168 kI vallabhadeva kI vyAkhyA meM eka prAcIna 10 zloka uddhRta hai / jo isa prakAra hai zatradanta-kvibantAnAM kasantAnAM tathaiva ca / tRjantAnAM tu liGgAnAM dhAtutvaM nopahanyate // arthAt-zata, ad (pANinIya-ac), kvip, kbasu aura tRcpratyayAnta liGgoM (=prAtipadikoM) meM dhAtutva kA nAza nahIM hotA, 15 arthAt unameM dhAtuvihita kArya ho jAte haiM / isase spaSTa hai ki vartamAna dhAtuoM se zatR prAdi pratyayoM ke karane para jo rUpa banatA hai, vaha AkhyAta aura nAma kI ubhayavidha vibhaktiyoM se sambaddha ho jAtA hai| anyathA 'dhAtutvaM nopahanyate' vidhAna kA koI prayojana hI nahIM rhtaa| 10-pANinIya vaiyAkaraNoM dvArA zabdavizeSoM kI niSpatti ke lie svIkAra kI gaI paraspara-viruddha--'pUrva hi dhAturupasargeNa yujyate pazcAt sAdhanena'; 'pUrva hi dhAtuH sAdhanena yujyate pazcAdupasargeNa / ' paribhASAyeM prAcIna kAla kI bhASAzAstra kI usa mahattvapUNa sthiti kI ora saMketa karatI haiM, java samprati upasarga saMjJA se abhihita aMza 25 aneka mUla zabdoM (dhAtuoM) kA avayava thA, aura kaI eka zabdoM meM pIche se saMyukta kiyA jAtA thaa| jinameM upasargAza dhAtu kA avayava thA, usI kA saMketa prathama paribhASA meM kiyA hai-'dhAtu se pahale upasarga jUr3atA hai, pIche pratyaya pAte haiN|' isa vyAkhyA ke anusAra 1. kAzakRtsna aura kAtantra vyAkaraNa meM liGga zabda prAtipadikoM kI 30 saMjJA hai| 20

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2/4 zabdoM ke dhAtujatva aura dhAtu ke svarUpa para vicAra 25 saMgrAma vyaya Adi meM aDAgama upasargAza se pUrva hotA hai-prasaMgrAmayata, avyayat / aura Ananda prArtha Adi zabdoM meM samAsAbhAva ke kAraNa lyap nahIM hotA-pAnandayitvA, prArthayitvA / 'jisameM upasargAMza mUla dhAtu kA avayava nahIM thA, unameM dhAtu pahale pratyaya se yukta hoto thIM, pIcha upasarga se|' yathA sam bhU-samabhavat, vi bhU--vyabhavat / 5 isa prakAra upasargayukta sambhU vibhU Adi zabdoM ke rUpoM meM aDAgama sam Adi se pUrva hokara asaMbhavat avibhavat prAdi prayoga niSpanna hote the, aura upasargAza ko pRthaka se jor3ane para samabhavat vyabhavat Adi prayoga banate the| padavAkyapramANajJa bhartRhari ne bhI uparyukta tathya ko svIkAra kiyA 10 hai / vaha likhatA hai-- aDAdInAM vyavasthApanArthaM pRthaktvena prakalpanam / dhAtUpasargayoH zAstre dhAtureva tu tAdRzaH / / tathA hi saMgrAmayateH sopasargAda vidhiH smtH| kriyAvizeSAH saMghAtaiH prakramyante tathAvidhAH // ' upasaMhAra--isa sArI vivecanA se yaha spaSTa hai ki atipurAkAla meM mUlabhUta eka hI prakAra ke zabda the| unhIM se AkhyAtavibhaktiyAM jur3akara 'pAkhyAta' =kriyA ke rUpa bana jAte the, aura nAma vibhaktiyAM jur3a kara 'nAmika' rUpa / donoM prakAra kI vibhaktiyoM kA yoga na hone para ve ho avyaya nAma se vyavahRta hote the| bhASA-vijJAna 20 kI daSTi se bhASA-zAstra kI isa ati prAcIna kAla kI sthiti kA atyadhika mahattva hai| isa sthiti ko jAna lene se vartamAna bhASAmatAnusAra saMskRtabhASA para kiye jAnevAle anekavidha prahAroM kA samucita uttara diyA jA sakatA hai| isa prakAra isa adhyAya meM 'zabdoM ke dhAtujatva aura dhAtu ke " svarUpa para vicAra karane ke pazcAt agale adhyAya meM pANini se pUrvavartI 'dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA' ke viSaya meM likhA jaaegaa| yaha prakaraNa do adhyAyoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai / 1. vAkyapadIya, kANDa 2, kArikA 181, 182 //

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bIsavAM adhyAya dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (1) pANini se pUrvavartI AcArya pUrva adhyAya meM hama vistAra se likha cuke haiM ki purA kAla meM 5 saMpUrNa zabda dhAtuja mAne jAte the| jisa kAla meM zabdoM kA eka bar3A bhAga rUDha mAna liyA gayA, usa samaya bhI nairukta aura vaiyAkaraNoM meM zAkaTAyana saMpUrNa nAma zabdoM ko AkhyAtaja ho mAnate the| isalie tAtkAlika vaiyAkaraNoM ne rUDha mAne jAnevAle vRkSa Adi zabdoM ke yaugika-pakSa ko darzAne ke lie uNAdi-pATha kA khilarUpa se pravacana kiyA / ataH nAma cAhe yaugika hoM, yogarUDha hoM athavA rUDha, unake prakRti aMza kI kalpanA ke lie kinhIM varNa-samUhoM ko prakRtirUpa se pRthak saMgRhIta karanA hI pdd'egaa| vinA unake saMgraha ke athavA svarUpa-nirdeza ke pratyayAMza kA nirdeza athavA vibhAjana sarvathA asambhava hai / ata eva vaiyAkaraNoM ne apane-apane zabdAnuzAsanoM se 15 saMbaddha dhAtuoM kA khilapATha meM saMgraha kiyaa| yahI saMgraha vaiyAkaraNanikAya meM 'dhAtupATha' ke nAma se vyavahRta hotA hai / dhAtupATha ke pravaktA jisa-jisa prAcArya ne zabdAnuzAsana kA pravacana kiyA, usa-usane sva-svazAstra-saMbaddha prakRti-pratyaya-aMza ke vibhAga ko darzAne ke lie 20 'dhAtupATha' kA bhI pravacana kiyA, yaha nissandigdha hai| kyoMki vinA dhAtunirdeza ke prakRti-pratyaya-kalpanA kA sambhava hI nhiiN| __hamane isa grantha ke prathama bhAga (pra0 3,4) meM pANini se pUrvavartI 26 zabdAnuzAsanapravaktAoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai| unameM se kisa-kisa ne dhAtupATha kA pravacana kiyA thA, yaha samprati ajJAta hai| taittirIya 25 sN06|4|7 ke pramANa se pUrva likha cuke haiM ki zabdoM meM prakRti 1. tatra nAmAnyAkhyAtajAnIti zAyaDAyano naruttasamayazca / niru0 // 12 // 2. prathama bhAga, pRSTha 66 /

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (1) 27 pratyaya-rUpa vibhAga-kalpanA sarvaprathama indra ne kI thI / ataH indra aura usase uttaravartI sabhI vaiyAkaraNoM ne dhAtupATha kA bhI pravacana kiyA thA, yaha sAmAnyarUpa se kahA jA sakatA hai| hama yahAM una dhAtupAThapravaktAoM kA varNana kareMge, jinakA dhAtupATha-pravaktRtva sarvathA spaSTatayA jJAta hai| 1. indra (9500 vi0 pUrva) zabdoM meM prakRti-pratyaya aMza ke prathama prakalpaka indra ne prakRtibhUta dhAtvaMza kI kalpanA kI thii| pANinIya pratyAhArasUtroM' para nandikezvara viracita kAzikA (zloka 2) kI upamanyukRta tattvavimazinI TIkA meM likhA hai tathA coktamindreNa antyavarNasamudbhatA dhAtavaH parikIrtitAH / isa zloka meM indra-prakalpita dhAtuoM kA spaSTa nirdeza hone se indra ko dhAtupATha kA prathama pravaktA kaha sakate haiM / indra-prakalpita dhAtuoM kA kyA svarUpa thA, yaha isa samaya ajJAta hai| - indra ke kAla Adi ke viSaya meM hama isa grantha ke tRtIya adhyAya meM vistAra se likha cuke haiN| ataH usakA yahAM punaH nirdeza karanA piSTapeSaNa hogaa| 2. vAyu (9500 vi0 pUrva) taittirIya saM0 6 / 4 / 7 meM likhA hai ki vANI ko vyAkRta karane 20 meM indra kA zabdazAstra-vizArada 'vAyu' sahAyaka thaa| 'indra' kA dhAtuprataktRtva pUrva darzA cuke haiM, ataH usake sahayogI vAyu kA dhAtu-pravaktRtva bhI sutarAM siddha hai| __vAyu ke kAla Adi ke viSaya meM bhI pUrva tRtIya adhyAya meM likha cuke haiN| 3. bhAguri (4000 vi0 pUrva) bhAguri AcArya ke zloka-baddha vyAkaraNa ke cha: zloka pUrva pRSTha 1. pratyAhAra sUtra pANini-prokta haiM, isakI mImAMsA ke liye isI grantha . kA prathama bhAga pRSTha 226-232 (ca0 saM0) dekheM / 15 25

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28 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa AC 106-107 prathama bhAga (ca0 saM0) para uddhRta kara cuke haiN| unameM saMkhyA 5 caturtha aura 6 ke zloka isa prakAra haiM gupUdhUpavicchipaNipanerAyaH kamestu piG / RteriyaG caturleSu nityaM svArtha, paratra vA // iti bhaagurismRteH|' gupo vadhezca nindAyAM kSamAyAM tathA tijaH / pratIkAradyarthakAcca kitaH svArthe sano vidhiH // iti bhaagurismRteH| ina sUtroM meM aneka dhAtutroM kA ullekha milatA hai / gupU meM dIrgha 20 UkAra anubandha kA nirdeza bhI spaSTa hai / ataH bhAguri prAcArya ne svIya dhAtupATha kA pravacana kiyA thA, isameM sandeha kA koI avasara hI nahIM hai| ___ bhAguri ke kAla ke viSaya meM hama pUrva prathama bhAga ke tRtIya adhyAya meM vistAra se likha cuke haiN| 4. kAzakRtsna (3100 ki0 pUrva) prAcArya kAzakRtsna-dvArA prokta zabdAnuzAsana ke cAra sUtra, aura vyAkaraNazAstra-sambandhI eka mata hamane isa grantha ke prathama bhAga ke prathama saMskaraNa meM pRSTha 84 uddhRta kiye the| unameM prathama sUtra thA dhAtuH sAdhane dizi puruSe citi tadAkhyAtam / ' 20 isa sUtra se kAzakRtsna-proksa dhAtupATha kI sambhAvanA hai, aisA hamArA pUrva vicAra thaa| dhAtupATha kI upalabdhi bar3e saubhAgya kI bAta hai ki pANini se pUrvavartI prAcAya kAzakRtsna kA sampUrNa dhAtupATha upalabdha ho gayA hai| dakkhana kAleja pUnA ke 25 1. jagadIza tarkAlaMkArakRta 'zabdazaktiprakAzikA' pR0 447 (caukhambA saMskaraNa) para uddhRt| 2. pUrvavat 'zabdazaktiprakAzikA, pR0 447 / 3. vAkyapadIya brahmakANDa svopajJa vyAkhyA, pRSTha 40 lAhaura saM0 / 4. 'kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha' ke viSaya meM hamane 'saMskRta-ratnAkara' varSa 17 aMka 12 meM sarvaprathama likhA thaa|

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA ( 1 ) 26 satprayAsa se yaha durlabha grantha cannavIra kRta kannaDa TIkA sahita kannaDalipi meM kucha varSa pUrva prakAzita ho gyaa| isa dhAtupATha kI kannaDaTIkA meM lagabhaga 137 kAzakRtsna sUtroM ke upalabdha ho jAne se vyAkaraNa - zAstra ke pUrvapANinIya itihAsa para bahutasA nayA prakAza par3A hai| kAzakRtsna ke viSaya meM isa grantha ke prathama bhAga pRSTha 115-133 (ca0 saM0) para likha cuke haiM / parantu dhAtupATha aura usakI TIkA ke upalabdha ho jAne, tathA kAzakRtsna vyAkaraNa ke 137 sUtra prApta ho se 'kAzakRtsna vyAkaraNa' ke viSaya meM jo kucha nayA prakAza par3A hai, usake lie hamArA 'kAzakRtsna-vyAkaraNam' pustikA tathA 10 'kAzakRtsna dhAtuvyAkhyAnam' kA dekhanI cAhie / dhAtupATha kA nAmAntara 'kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha' ke mukha pRSTha para 'kAzakRtsna zabdakalApa dhAtupATha' nAma nirdiSTa hai / isase pratIta hotA hai ki ' zabdakalApa' kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha kA nAmAntara hai / zabdakalApa nAma kA kAraNa - isa grantha ke zabdakalApa nAma meM kyA kAraNa haiM, isakA spaSTIkaraNa na TIkAkAra ne kiyA hai aura nAhI sampAdaka ne / hamArA anumAna hai - zabdAnAM kalAM dhAtvaMzaM pAti rakSati ( zabdoM kI dhAturUpa kalA = aMza kI rakSA karatA hai) vyutpatti se dhAtu - pATha kA 'zabdakalApa' nAma upapanna ho sakatA hai / athavA bRhattantrAt 20 kalA : pibatIti kalApa:, ' zabdAnAM kalApaH zabdakalApa: ( jo bar3e tantra = zAstra se kalAnoM =aMzoM ko pItA hai - grahaNa karatA hai, vaha 3 1. isakA eka saMskaraNa romana akSaroM meM bhI abhI abhI prakAzita huA hai| 25 2. saba se pUrva hamane 'kAzakRtsna vyAkaraNa aura usake upalabdha sUtra' zIrSaka nibandha meM isa viSaya para prakAza DAlA thA / isa nibandha kA pUrvArdha 'sAhitya' (paTanA) ke varSa 6 aMka 1, tathA uttarArdha varSa 10 ka 2 meM prakAzita huA hai| 3. tulanA karo - bRhattantrAt kalAH pivatIti kalApakaH zAstram / da0 u0 vRtti 3 | 5 || hai dhAtupa rAyaNa (pRSTha 6 ), uNAdi vivaraNa (pRSTha 10 ) // 30

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30 . saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 5 kalApa, zabdoM kA kalApa 'zabdakalApa') isa vyutpatti se zabdakalApa 'kAzakRtsna vyAkaraNa' kA bhI nAmAntara ho sakatA hai| dvitIya vyutpatti ke anusAra 'kAzakRtsna vyAkaraNa' kisI prAcIna mahAvyAkaraNa kA saMkSepa pratIta hotA hai|' 'kAzakRtsna' kA sakSepa kAtantra' vyAkaraNa hai| ataH kalApa zabda se hrasva artha meM 'ka' pratyaya hokara 'kAtantra' vAcaka kalApaka zabda prasiddha hotA hai| hamAre vicAra meM dUsarI kalpanA adhika yukta haiN| ___ kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha kA vaiziSTaya upalabdha 'kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha' meM pANinIya dhAtupATha kI apekSA 10 bahuta sI viziSTatAe upalabdha hotI haiM / unameM katipaya isa prakAra hai 1-isa dhAtupATha meM 6 nava hI guNa haiM / juhotyAdi adAdi ke antargata hai / vaiyAkaraNa-nikAya meM prasiddha navagaNI dhAtupAThaH anuzrati sambhavataH etanmUlaka hai| 2-isa dhAtupATha ke pratyeka gaNa meM pahale sabhI parasmaipadI dhAtueM par3hI hai, usake pazcAt AtmanepadI, aura anta meM ubhayapadI / pANinIya dhAtupATha meM tInoM prakAra kI dhAtuoM kA prativarga sAMkarya hai| 3-isa dhAtupATha ke bhvAdigaNa meM pANinIya dhAtupATha se 450 dhAtue saMkhyA meM adhika haiM (uttara gaNoM meM prAyaH samAnatA hai)| jo dhAtue isI dhAtupATha meM upalabdha hotI haiM, pANinIya meM paThita nahIM haiM, aisI dhAtuoM kI saMkhyA lagabhaga 800 hai / pANinIya dhAtupATha kI bhI bahuta sI dhAtueM 'kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha meM nahIM haiN| ataH saMkhyA kI dRSTi se sAkalyena 450 dhAtueM pANinIya dhAtupATha kI apekSA adhika haiN| 4-pANinIya dhAtupATha meM ekavidha par3hI gaI bahuta sI dhAtueM 'kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha' meM do rUpa se paThita haiM / yathA ka-pANinIya dhAtupATha meM paThita IDa stutI dhAtu kAzakRtsna 1. tulanA karo- 'kAzakRtsnaM gurulAghavam' 4 / 3 / 115; sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa 4 / 3 / 245 meM nirdiSTa udaahrnn|

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (1) 31 ghAtupATha' meM IDa Ila stutau (2041)' isa prakAra DAnta lAnta bheda se do prakAra kI par3hI hai / mUlataH dvividha dhAtuoM se niSpanna hone vAle iDA ilA Adi zabdoM kI siddhi ke lie DAnta lAnta pRthakpRthak dhAtu paThita hone para Dalayorekatvam Adi niyama-kalpanA kI AvazyakatA hI nahIM rhtii| kha-bRhi vaddhau isa dhAtu kI sama nArthaka braha dhAtu bhI 'kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha' (1 / 320) meM paThita hai / isalie brahman zabda kI siddhi ke lie bRherno'cca (paM0 u0 4 / 156; da0 u0 6174 ) sUtra dvArA nakAra ko akArAdeza aura R ko rephAdeza karane kI AvazyakatA nahIM rahatI / braha dhAtu se sAmAnya sUtra vihita manin pratyaya se ho 'brahman' 10 zabda niSpanna ho jAtA hai| isI prakAra pRthu, vyAptau svatantra dhAtu kA pATha (11583, 668) hone se pRthu, pRthivI Adi zabdoM ke lie pratha ko samprasAraNa Adeza karane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotii| gasiMha siMhikA Adi zabdoM kI mUla prakRti Sihi hiMsAyAm dhAtu 'kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha' meM paThita hai" (1316) / isalie hisi 15 =hiMsa meM varNavyatyaya (=varNavipayaya) mAnakara nirvacana dikhAne kI AvazyakatA nahIM rhtii| 1. yaha koSThAntargata saMkhyA hamAre dvArA saMskRta bhASA meM anUdita kannaDa TIkA ke 'kAzakRtsna-dhAtu-vyAkhyAnam' kI hai| prathama saMkhyA gaNa kI hai, dUsarI dhAtusUtra kii| Age bhI isI prakAra sarvatra smjhe| 2. kannaDa TIkA meM 'dahi bRhi bRha braha vRddhau' isa dhAtusUtra meM 'braha' kA pATha karake bhI vyAkhyA meM isake rUpa nahIM batAe / brahman zabda kI siddhi 'baharu ro mani' (?) sUtra dvArA 'R' ko 'ra' Adeza karake darzAI hai| kannaDa TIkA kA pATha bahutra bhraSTa hai| 3. prathimradibhrasjAM samprasAraNaM salopazca / da0 u0 11113; 50 u0 25 1128 // pratheH Sivan samprasAraNaM ca / da0 u0 8 / 124; paM0 u0 1 / 136 // ___ 'kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha' kI kannaDaTIkA meM -pRthavI-prathvI zabda bhI 'pratha' dhAtu se niSpanna kie haiN| 4. hamArI nAgarAkSara prati meM yahAM 'Siha' apapATha hai| 5. hiservA syAd viparItasya / niru0 3 / 18 // hiMse: siMhaH / mahAbhASya 30 'hayavaraT' sUtra tathA 3 / 1 / 123 //

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 5-pANiti dvArA apaThita, parantu loka veda meM upalabhyamAna bahuta sI dhAtue 'kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha' meM upalabdha hotI haiM / yathA___ ka-atharva kI prakRti 'tharva' dhAtu' hiMsArtha meM paThita hai (1 / 204) / kha-hindI meM prayukta 'DhUDhanA' kriyA ko mUla prakRti 'DhuDhi' (=DhuNDha) dhAtu kA pATha kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha meM upalabdha hotA hai (1 / 194) / isa dhAtu kA nirdeza skandapurANa ke kAzIkhaNDa meM bhI milatA hai anveSaNe DhuNDirayaM prathito'sti dhAtuH sarvArthaDhuNDitatayA tava DhuNDhinAma / ' ga-veda meM marati Adi bhauvAdika prayoga bahudhA upalabdha hote haiN| hindI meM prayujyamAna maratA hai bhI marati kA apabhraMza hai, mriyate kA nhiiN| 'kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha' meM mR dhAtu bhvAdigaNa meM bhI paThita hai| (1 / 224) / 156-pANini ne jina dhAtuoM ko parasmaipado athavA AtmanepadI par3hA hai, unameM se bahutasI dhAtuoM ko kAzakRtsna ne ubhayapadI mAnA hai| yathA___ ka-pANini ne vada dhAtu kA parasmaipadiyoM meM pATha karake 'bhAsana' Adi artha-vizeSoM meM Atmanepada kA vidhAna kiyA hai| kAzakRtsna 20 ne ise ubhayapadiyoM meM par3hA hai| (1706) / tadanusAra vadati vadate donoM prayoga bhAsanAdi arthoM se atirikta bhI sAmAnya rUpa se upapanna ho jAte haiM / mahAbhArata meM vada ke Atmanepada prayoga bahudhA upalabdha hote haiN| unheM pArSatvAt sAdhu mAnane kI AvazyakatA nahIM rhtii| 1. tulanA karau-tharvatizcaratikarmA / niru0 11 // 18 // yahAM arthaveda , dhAtuoM ke avekArthaka hone se upapanna hotA hai| 2. skanda, kAzIkhaNDa a0 57, zlo0 33, mora saMska0, pRSTha 363 / 3. pANinIya dhAtupATha meM 'mimR gatau' dhAtu par3hI hai (kSIra0 11313) / pANinIya vyAkhyAkAra ise eka dhAtu mAnate haiN| kAzakRtsna 'mI' 'mR' do dhAtu svIkAra karate haiM (1 / 224) / 4. aSTA0 11347-50 //

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2/5 dhAtupATha ke pracaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (1) 33 kha-pANini dvArA parasmaipadiyoM meM paThita vasa nivAse Tuprozvi gativRddhayoH dhAtueM bhI 'kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha' meM ubhayapadI mAno gaI haiM (11705,707) / 7-kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha meM kaI aisI mUlabhUta prakRtiyAM par3hI haiM, jinase niSpanna zabdoM meM pANinIya prakriyAvat lopa pAgama varNavikAra 5 Adi nahIM karane pdd'te| yathA__ ka-'nau' zabda kI siddhi pANinIya vaiyAkaraNa glAnudibhyAM DauH (da0 u0 2 / 12; paM0 u0 2 / 65) sUtra se darzAte haiN| pratyaya ke Dita hone se nud ke ud bhAga kA lopa hotA hai| parantu 'kAzakRtsna dhAtUpATha' meM 'Nau plavane' svatantra dhAtu paThita hai (11427) / isase / 'kvip' pratyaya hokara vinA kisI jhaMjhaTa ke 'nau' zabda niSpanna ho jAtA hai| kha-'kSmA pada kI siddhi ke lie 'kSamUSa sahane' dhAtu ke upadhA kA lopa karanA r3atA hai| parantu 'kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha' meM 'kSmai dhAraNe' svatantra dhAtu par3hI hai (1 / 483) / usase ejantoM ko sAmAnyavihita 15 prAtva hokara kvip pratyaya meM 'kSmA' pada anAyAsa upapanna ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra 'kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha' meM aneka vaiziSTya upalabdha hote haiN| yahAM hamane diGa mAtra nidarzita kie haiN| kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha kA uttarakAlIna tantroM para prabhAvakAzakRtsna dhAtupATha kA uttarakAlIna tantroM ke dhAtupAThoM para pratyakSa 20 prabhAva dRSTigocara hotA hai / kAtantrIya dhAtupATha to kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha kA hI saMkSipta saMskaraNa hai, yaha hama Age likheNge| haima aura cAndra dhAtupATha para bhI kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha kA prabhAva spaSTa lakSita hotA hai| yathA 1-jaise kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha meM | gaNa haiM, aura juhotyAdi ko 25 adAdyantargata par3hA hai- aisA hI 'haima dhAtupATha' meM bhI milatA hai| 2--jaisa kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha ke pratyeka gaNa meM pahale samasta parasmaipadI dhAtueM par3hI haiM, tatpazcAt AtmanepadI aura ubhayapadI, yahI krama 'cAndra dhAtupATha' evaM 'haima dhAtupATha' meM bhI apanAyA gayA hai| dhAtupATha kA prAmANikatva 30 pAzcAtya vidvAnoM kA prAyaH yaha svabhAva hai ki ve kisI aise

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34 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa prAcIna grantha ke, jisase unake dvArA pracalita kI gaI bhrAnta dhArakA khaNDana hotA ho, acAnaka upalabdha ho jAne para use vinA kisI pramANa ke kUTa grantha kahane kA dussAhasa karate haiM / kauTalIya arthazAstra aura bhAsa ke nATakoM ke acAnaka upalabdha ho jAne para 5 pAzcAtya vidvAnoM ne ina granthoM ko kUTa grantha siddha karane ke lie er3I se coTI paryanta bala lgaayaa| kyoMki ina granthoM ke dvArA pAzcAtya vidvAnoM dvArA prasArita kaI mAnyatAoM kA nirAkaraNa hotA thA / 'kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha' bhI aisA ho viziSTa grantha hai / isakI upalabdhi se jahAM vyAkaraNazAstra ke itihAsa ke viSaya meM nayA prakAza 10 par3atA hai, vahAM isase pAzcAtya vidvAnoM dvArA nirmita aneka bhrAnta matoM kA bhI nirAkaraNa hotA hai aura pAzcAtya tathAkathita bhASA - vijJAna ke aneka kalpita matoM kA khaNDana hotA hai / ataH isa grantha para bho unakI krUra dRSTi avazya par3egI, aura ve ise kUTa grantha niddha karane kI ceSTA kareMge / isalie hama isakI prAmANikatA ke sAdhaka katipaya 15 pramANa upasthita karate haiM 20 1 - bauddha vaiyAkaraNa candragomI kA 'zabdAnuzAsana' prasiddha hai / candragomI sUtrapATha meM prAyaH pANinIya sUtrapATha tathA vArtikapATha kA anusaraNa karatA hai / parantu dhAtupATha meM vaha pANinIya dhAtupATha kA anusaraNa nahIM karatA / candrAcArya ne dhAtupATha meM pratigaNa prathama parasmaipadI dhAtueM par3hI haiM, tatpazcAt grAtmanepadI, aura anta meM ubhayapadI / 'kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha' kI upalabdhi se pUrva hamAre mana meM yaha saMzaya rahatA thA ki candrAcArya ne dhAtupATha meM apanA svatantra nayA krama rakhA, athavA isameM bhI sUtrapATha ke samAna kisI prAcIna dhAtupATha kA anusaraNa kiyA hai ? 'kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha' ke upalabdha ho jAne para 25 yaha nizcaya ho gayA ki candragomI ne dhAtupATha meM 'kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha' kA prAdhAnya se anusaraNa kiyA hai / isa samAnatA se spaSTa haiM ki 'kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha' candragomI se pUrva nizcita rUpa se vidyamAna thA / 2 - kAzakRtsna aura kAtantra' ke dhAtupAThoM kI tulanA karane 1. ' kAtantra dhAtupATha' ke upalabdha na hone se liviza dvArA kSIrataraGgiNI ke anta meM prakAzita zarvavarmA kRta dhAtupATha ke tibbatI anuvAda ko dekhakara hamane usake mUla saMskRta pATha ko hI kAtantra kA dhAtupATha mAna liyA thA / parantu 30

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (1) 35 se spaSTa hai ki kAtantra dhAtapATha kAzakRtsna dhAtapATha kA hI saMkSepa hai|' jahAM candragomI kAzakRtsna-krama ko chor3akara pANinIya krama kA anusaraNa karatA hai, vahAM 'kAtantra dhAtupATha' kAzakRtsna krama kA hI anugamana karatA hai / yathA kAzakRtsna kAtantra pANinIya cAndra 5 ka-daiG traiG pAlane daiG traiDa pAlane de rakSaNe deG rakSaNe pyaiGa vRddhau pyaiG vRddhau zyaiG gatau zyaiGa gatau puGa (?) pavane' pUGa pavane pyaiG vRddhau pyaiG vRddhau traiG pAlane traiG pAlane pUGa pavane pUG pavane 10 kha-lAsnAvana- glAsnAvana- glAsnAvanuvamAM glAsnAvanuva vamazvanakamya- vamazvanakamya- ca / na kamya- mAM ca / na kamya micamaH / micamaH / micamAm / micamAm / / vizeSa--yaha bhI dhyAna rahe kAzakRtsna ke dhAtusUtra ke anusAra zvana kama ama cama dhAtoM kI Nica pratyaya ke pare rahane para vikalpa " se mit saMjJA hotI hai| tadanusAra zvanayati zvAnayati; kamayati kAmayati; amaryAta prAmayati; camayati cAmayati do-do prakAra ke prayoga niSpanna hote haiN| pANinIya dhAtasUtrAnusAra kama ama cama kI mitsaMjJA kA pratiSedha hone se kAmayati prAmayati cAmayati rUpa hI siddha hote haiN| zvana dhAta kA to pANinIya meM pATha hI nahIM hai| ataH pANinIya hai| vaiyAkaraNa zvan prAtipadika se 'tat karoti tadAcaSTe' niyama se Nic 'kAtantra dhAtupATha' ke eka hastalekha ke acAnaka upalabdha ho jAne se hamArI pUrva mAnyatA naSTa ho gaI / aba hameM isake kaI hastalekhoM kA parijJAna ho gayA hai| do kozoM kI pratilipiyAM hamAre pAsa bhI haiN| 1. kAzakRtsna ke upalabdha sUtroM kI kAtantra sUtroM se tulatA karane se bhI Apa yahI mata puSTa hotA hai ki kAtantra kAzakRtsna kA saMkSepa hai| 2. dhAtusUtra 11555 // 3. hamArA hastalekha, pRSTha 8 / 4. kSIrataraGgiNI 11686-661 // 5. ghAtusUtra 1 / 481-485 // 6. dhAtusUtra 1624 // 7. hamArA hastalekha, pRSTha 10 / 8. kSIrataraGgiNI 11556,557 // 6. dhAtusUtra 11551, 552 // 30

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36 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa karake prakRtyekAc (aSTA0 6 / 4 / 163) dvArA prakRtibhAva karake zvAnayati rUpa darzAte haiN| itanA hI nahIM, zvana dhAtu se anAyAsa siddha hone vAle zvan prAtipadika kI niSpatti pANinIya kyAkaraNa zvanna kSan' Adi sUtra meM nipAtana dvArA ziva dhAtu ke ikAra kA lopa karake 5 . darzAte haiN| 3-pANini ne jina-jina dhAtuoM ko chAndasa mAnA hai, unheM kAzakRtsna dhAtapATha meM anya sAmAnya dhAtuoM ke samAna par3hA hai| isase vidita hotA hai ki kAzakRtsna-prokta dhAtupATha kA vaha kAla hai, jaba ukta dhAtueM loka meM vyavahRta thIM / yataH pANini ne inheM chAndasa kahA hai, ataH 'kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha' pANini se pUrvavartI hai| __4-kAzakRtsna ke jo sUtra upalabdha hue haiM, unameM jisa prakAra udAtta Adi svara kI niSpatti ke lie anubandhoM kA pUrNa dhyAna rakhA gayA hai, usI prakAra tattadgaNoM ke vikaraNoM ke an Adi anubandhoM meM bhI svara kA dhyAna rakhA gayA hai| 15 pratyayoM ke anubandha-nirdeza meM svara kA dhyAna rakhanA, isa bAta kA pramANa hai ki kAzakRtsna zabdAnuzAsana aura dhAtupATha ke pravacana kA kAla vaha haiM, jaba lokabhASA meM svara-nirdeza kA pracalana thaa| uparyukta pramANoM se siddha hai ki kAzakRtsna dhAtapATha AcArya pANini, candragomI aura kAtantra-pravaktA se prAcIna haiN| ataH isake prAmANya para uMgalI uThAnA duHsAhasamAtra hogaa| vyAkhyAkAra cannavIra kavi isa dhAtuNaTha para jo TIkA upalabdha huI hai, vaha cannavora kavi kRta hai| yaha TIkA kannaDa bhASA meM hai / cannavIra kavi kRta yaha vyAkhyA atyanta saMkSipta hai / paricaya- isa grantha ke pratyeka gaNa ke anta meM TIkAkAra ne apanA paricaya diyA hai| yathA 1. da0 u0655; paM0 u0 11146 // 2. dra0-da0 u0 vRtti, pRSTha 242 / 3. yathA---juhotyAdi meM 'chandasi' sUtra se 'gha' Adi kA chAndasatva, 30 svAdigaNa meM 'chandasi' sUtra dvArA 'praha' Adi kA chAndasatva /

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 37 iti zrI yAgANTizarabhaliGgaprasAdinastittirayajuHzAkhAdhyayanasya vAmadevamukhodbhutasya gajakarNaputrasya atrigotrasya vIramAhezvaratantrasUtrasya zivalaMkamaMcanapaNDitArAdhyapravarasya kokilAkuNDasya saMganaguruliMganaMdyambAkumArasya pitRvyanambyaNagurukarajAtasya sahyAdrIkaTakaSaDdezasya kuNTikApurasya kAzIkANDacannavIrakavikRtau kAzakRtsnadhAtu- 5 karnATaTIkAyAma Atnepadina: lekhakapAThakazrotaNAM saMskRtArthaprakAzikA bhUyAt / hamArI nAgarAkSara prati meM analikhita ukta pATha kaI sthAnoM para azuddha hai / punarapi isase itanA vyakta ho jAtA hai ki cannIvIra kavi kA pUrA nAma kAzIkANDa cannavIra kavi thA / yaha atrigotrotpanna 10 taittirIya zAkhA kA adhyetA, aura sahyAdrI maNDalavartI kuNTikApura kA nivAsI thA / kAla-grantha ke sampAdaka ne zrI prAra. narasiMhAcArya ke matAnusAra cannavIra kavi kA kAla 1500 likhA hai| anya grantha - cannavIra kavi ne sArasvata vyAkaraNa, puruSasUkta, aura 15 namaka-camaka (=yajurveda ke 'nama:' 'ca me' padavAle adhyAya) kI kannaDaTIkAeM likhI haiM, aisA sampAdaka ne upoddhAta meM likhA hai| vyAkhyA kA vaiziSTya yadyapi yaha vyAkhyA atyanta svalpAkSarA hai, tathApi kisI prAcIna vyAkhyA para AghRta hone se isameM aneka vizeSatAeM upalabdha hotI 20 haiN| yathA 1-isa TIkA meM kAzakRtsna vyAkaraNa ke 137 sUtra uddhRta haiN| 2-isa vyAkhyA meM aneka aise kRdanta zabdoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai, jinheM pANinIya vaiyAkaraNa taddhitAnta mAnate haiN| yathA-cauryam 25 hamane unnosaveM adhyAya meM vistAra se likhA hai ki ati purAkAla meM sampUrNa nAma-zabda dhAtuja hI mAne jAte the| uttarottara matimAndya se dhAtvartha-anugamana na hone para una zabdoM meM sambandhAntara kI kalpanA karake unheM taddhitAnta banA diyA gyaa| yathA homI zabda homin auNAdika hai / isameM hu dhAtu se vihita 'ka' pratyaya ko 'min' Adeza 30

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kA nipAtana kiyA hai (dra0-da0 u0 107; paM0 u0 380) / yAska ne bhI nirukta 1114 meM ise kRdanta likhA haiM / parantu pANinoya vaiyAkaraNa homo'syAstIti homI matvarthaka inipratyayAnta mAnate haiM / pataJjali ne bhI kRdanta vadhya zabda ke lie hano vA vadha ca, taddhito vA (3 / 1 / 67) likhakara vadhamarhati vadhyaH vyutpatti darzAI hai / drAdhimA nediSTha Adi samprati taddhitAnta samajhe jAne vAle prayoga bhI purAkAla meM kRdanta mAne jAte the / kSIrasvAmI likhatA hai drAdhimAdayaH kasmiMzcid vyAkaraNe dhAtoreva sAdhitAH, evaM nediSThAdayo nedatyAdeH / ' kSIrataraGgiNI 180, pRSTha 31 / ' __3-pANinIya matAnusAra yat kyap Nyat pratyaya viziSTa ghAtuoM se vyavasthitarUpa meM hote haiM / yathA-ajantoM se yat, iN Adi parigaNita dhAtuoM se kyap, RvarNAnta aura halantoM se Nyat / ___ cannavIra kavi ne apanI vyAkhyA meM aneka sthAnoM para kRdanta zabdoM kA jisa prakAra nirdeza kiyA hai, usase pratIta hotA hai ki yata kyapa 15 Nyat pratyaya tavyat Adi ke samAna sAmAnya haiM, arthAta saba dhAtUroM se hote haiM / yathA rabha-rabhyam, rAbhyam / kA0 dhA0 11563, pRSTha 94 / labha labhyam, lAbhyam / kA0 dhA0 11564, pRSTha 14 / ruca-rucyam, rocyam / kA0 dhA0 11665, pRSTha 14 / mida-medyam, maidyam / kA0 ghA0 11567, pRSTha 65 / ghaTa-ghaTyam, ghoTyam, ghoTyam / kA0 dhA0 11566, pRSTha 65 / ___ inameM prathama do dhAtuoM ke yat aura Nyat pratyaya ke rUpa darzAe haiN| pANinIya matAnusAra poradupadhAt (aSTA0 3 / 1 / 68) niyama se 25 yat hI hogA, Nyat nahIM / tRtIya dhAtu ke kyap aura Nyat ke rUpa likhe haiN| pANinIya matAnusAra (aSTA0 3 / 1 / 114) rucya meM kartA meM kyapa nipAtita hai| bhAvakarma meM yat hI hotA hai, Nyat kI prApti to kathaMcit bhI sambhava nhiiN| mida dhAtu ke yat aura Nyat ke rUpa uddhRta kie haiM / pANinIya mata meM mida se yat nahIM hotaa| ghuTa dhAtu 30 ke kramazaH kyap, yat, Nyat tInoM pratyayoM ke rUpa darzAe haiN| pANinIya matAnusAra kevala Nyat hI honA caahie|

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAta 4-isa TIkA meM aneka dhAtuoM ke arthoM kI aisI vyAkhyA kI hai, jo anya dhAtuvRttiyoM meM upalabdha nahIM hotii| 'kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha' aura usako kannaDa TIkA kA saMskRta rUpAntara 'kAzakRtsna-dhAtuvyAkhyAnam' ke nAma se hama prakAzita kara cake haiN| hamane isa grantha ke tRtIya adhyAya meM pANinIya tantra meM anullikhita pANini se pUrvavartI jina teIsa vaiyAkaraNoM kA varNana kiyA hai, unameM se uparinirdiSTa kevala cAra AcAryoM kA hI dhAtupATha-pravaRtRtva sujJAta hai| ___5. zAkaTAyana (3000 vi pUrva) vaidika vAGamaya tathA vaiyAkaraNa nikAya meM prasiddha hai ki prAcArya zAkaTAyana sampUrNa nAmazabdoM ko dhAtuja mAnatA thaa| yAska nirukta 1 / 12 meM likhatA haiM'tatra nAmAnyAkhyAtajAnIti zAkaTAyano naruktasamayazca' / arthAt-saba nAma prAkhyAtaja ( dhAtu se utpanna) haiM, aisA zAka- 15 TAyana mAnatA hai| aura yahI nairukta AcAryoM kA siddhAnta hai| mahAbhASya 3 / 3 / 1 meM bhI likhA hai.. 'vyAkaraNe zakaTasya ca tokam-vaiyAkaraNAnAM ca zAkaTAyana pAha--dhAtujaM nAmeti / ' arthAt-vaiyAkaraNa meM zakaTa-putra zAkaTAyana kahatA hai ki 'nAma 20 dhAtu se niSpanna haiN| itanA hI nahIM, yAska zAkaTAyana ke zabda nirvacana-prakAra para kiye gaye AkSepa kA bhI uttara dete hue likhatA hai saMSA puruSagardA, na zAstragardA / 1 / 14 // arthAt-yaha puruSa kI nindA hai [jo zAkaTAyana ke nirvacana- 25 prakAra ko nahIM samajhatA / zAkaTAyana-prokta] zAstra kI gardA nahIM haiM, arthAt zAkaTAyana kA zAstra athavA nirvavacana-prakAra yukta hai| isI ke upodvalaka kAzikA 11486.87 meM do udAharaNa haiManuzAkaDhAyanaM vaiyAkaraNAH / upazAkaTAyanaM vaiyAkaraNAH / arthAt - saba vaiyAkaraNa zAkaTAyana ke nIce haiN|

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa . yadi yAska ke ukta vAkya meM zAkaTAyana kI nindA abhipreta hotI, jaisA ki skandasvAmI ne pakSAntara meM likhA hai, to vaiyAkaraNanikAya aura naruktasampradAya meM zAkaTAyana kI itanI prazaMsA na hotii| yadyapi zAkaTAyana-prokta dhAtupATha ke sAkSAt uddharaNa prAcIna 5 granthoM meM hameM nahIM mile, tathApi yAska aura pataJjali ke uparyukta ullekha se spaSTa hai ki sampUrNa nAmazabdoM ko prAkhyAtaja=dhAtuja mAnanevAle vaiyAkaraNamUrdhanya zAkaTAyana ne dhAtupATha kA pravacana bhI avazya kiyA thA / anyathA sampUrNa nAmazabdoM ke dhAtujatva kA prati pAdana karane meM vaha kabhI samartha na hotA / isa se yaha bhI suvyakta hai 10 ki zAkaTAyana ne jisa dhAtupATha kA pravacana kiyA thA, vaha pANinIya dhAtupATha kI apekSA kahIM adhika vistRta rahA hogaa| prAcArya zAkaTAyana ke kAla Adi ke viSaya meM hama pUrva prathama bhAga ke caturtha adhyAya meM vistAra se likha cake haiN| ata: usake yahAM punaH piSTapeSaNa kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| 15 6. Apizali (3000 vi0 pUrva) yadyapi AcArya prApizali kA dhAtupATha samprati upalabdha nahIM hai, tathApi usake dhAtupATha ke uddharaNa aneka granthoM meM upalabdha hote haiN| yathA . 1-mahAbhASya 1 / 3 / 22 meM nimna udAharaNa haiM 'asti sakAramAtiSThate / prAgamau guNavRddhI prAtiSThate / ' 20 ye udAharaNa kAzikA 1 / 3 / 22 meM bhI upalabdha hote haiM / inake viSaya meM nyAsakAra jinendrabuddhi likhatA hai-. 'sakAramAtramastidhAtumApilirAcAryaH pratijAnIte / tathAhina tasya pANineriva 'asa bhuvi' iti gaNapAThaH / kiM tahi ? 'sa bhuvi iti sa paThati / prAgamau guNavRddhI prAtiSThata iti / sa tvAgamau guNa25 vRddhI prAtiSThate / evaM hi sa pratijAnIte ityrthH| - arthAt prApizali aAyAya 'asa' dhAtu ko 'sa' mAtra svIkAra karatA hai| usakA pANini ke samAna 'asi bhavi' pATha nahIM hai, api tu 'sa bhuvi' aisA vaha par3hatA hai / [asti Adi meM guNa (=aTa) aura [prAsIt Adi meM] vRddhi (=pATa) kA pAgama mAnanA hai| isa 30 prakAra vaha [rUpasiddhi] svIkAra karatA hai|

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA ( 1 ) - kAzikA ke ukta pATha para haradatta bhI likhatA hai - 'staH santItyAdau sakAramAtrasya darzanAt 'sa bhuvi' itteva dhAtuH pAThyaH / prastItyAdau piti sArvadhAtuke DAgamo vidheyaH / zrAstAmAsannityAdau prADAgamaH syAd ityApizalA manyante / ' 2/6 41 arthAt - ' staH santi' Adi meM sakAramAtra dikhAI par3ane se 'sa 5 ' aisA hI dhAtu par3hanA caahie| zrasti Adi meM praT aura prAstAm, zrAsan Adi meM prAT zrAgama kA vidhAna karanA cAhie, aisA Api - zaliprokta zAstra ke adhyetA mAnate haiM / 2 - skandasvAmI nirukta vyAkhyA 22 meM likhatA hai - 'ujirtI chAndasau dhAtU vyAkaraNasya zAkhAntara zrapizalAdau 10 smaraNAt' / arthAt - 'uSa' aura 'ghR' ye chAndasa dhAtueM haiM, aisA vyAkaraNazAstra ke zAkhAntara Apizala Adi meM smRta hai / 3 - vAmana kAzikA 7|1|10 meM aniT kArikA kI vyAkhyA meM likhatA hai 15 ka - 'itarau ( rihilihI) tu dhAtuSu na paThyete, kaizcida - bhyupagamyete' | isa para nyAsakAra likhatA hai - 'kaizciditi-- prApizaliprabhRtibhiriti / bhAga 2, pRSTha 668 / kha -- ' tantrAntare catvAro'pare paThyante - sahimuhirihilihayaH / ' isa para nyAsakAra ne likhA haiM 'tantrAntara iti -- prApiza lervyAkaraNe | bhAga 2, pRSTha 668 / ga - ' tathA ca tantrAntare nijivijiSvaJjavarjam ityuktam / ' isa para bhI nyAsakAra ne likhA hai 'tantrAntara iti -- zrapizalivyAkaraNe / ' bhAga 2, pRSTha 701 / ina tIna pAThoM meM se prathama do pATha sAkSAt dhAtupATha -viSayaka haiM / prantima pATha sambhavataH anudAtta dhAtu-nirdezaka pATha kA avayava haiM / 4 - pANinIya dhAtupATha kA vyAkhyAtA 'maitreya'rakSita' 'tu' dhAtu ke viSaya meM likhatA hai - 20 25

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42 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 'chAndaso'yamityApizaliH / ' dhAtupradIpa, pRSTha 80 / uparyukta uddharaNoM se Apizala dhAtupATha ke viSaya meM nimna bAteM spaSTa hotI haiM 1-Apizali prAcArya ne kisI dhAtupATha kA pravacana avazya 5 kiyA thaa| 2-Apizali ke dhAtupATha meM kaI dhAtuoM kA svarUpa pANinIya pATha se bhinna thaa| 3-dhAtu ke svarUpa meM bhinnatA hone se prApizali ke vyAkaraNa kI prakriyA meM bhI kucha bheda thaa| 4-prApizala dhAtupATha meM pANinIya dhAtupATha ke samAna chAndasa dhAtuoM kA bhI pATha thaa| ___5-Apizala dhAtupATha meM bahuta-sI dhAtueM pANinIya dhAtupATha se adhika thiiN| Apizali prAcArya ke kAla Adi ke viSaya meM hama pUrva prathama bhAga 15 ke caturtha adhyAya meM vistAra se likha cuke haiM pANini ne apane tantra meM jina dasa prAcIna prAcAryo ke matoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai, unameM se kevala prApizali AcArya hI aisA hai, jisakA dhAtupATha-pravaktRtva prAcIna granthoM meM sAkSAt nirdiSTa hai / isa prakAra pANini se pUrvavartI vijJAta 26 vaiyAkaraNoM meM se kevala 6 prAcArya hI aise haiM, jinakA dhAtupATha-pravaktRtva suvidita hai / yadyapi indra aura vAyu ke dhAtupATha ke uddharaNa prAcIna granthoM meM nahIM milate, punarapi inake zabdoM meM prakRti-pratyaya aMza ke prathama prakalpaka hone se inakA ghAtapATha kA pravaktRtva svataHsiddha hai / kyoMki vinA dhAtusaMgraha ke prakRti-pratyaya aMza kI kalpanA ho hI nahIM sktii| prAcArya bhAguri 25 ke upalabdha sUtroM meM katipaya dhAtuoM, aura gupU meM viziSTa anuvandha kA nirdeza hone se bhAguri ne dhAtupATha kA pravacana kiyA thA, aisA nizcita rUpa se kahA jA sakatA hai / sampUrNa nAmazabdoM ko dhAtuja mAnanevAle zAkaTAyana ke dhAtapATha-pravaktRtva meM bhI sandeha ko koI sthAna nahIM hai| prApizala dhAtupATha ke uddharaNa kaI granthoM meM upalabdha haiN| ataH 30 usakA ghAtapATha kisI samaya loka meM pracalita thA, yaha spaSTa hai|

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA ( 1 ) 43 kAzakRtsna kA dhAtupATha to kannaDa - TIkA - sahita prakAza meM A hI cukA hai / isa prakAra pANini se pUrvavartI dhAtupAThoM meM kevala kAzakRtsna kA dhAtupATha hI isa samaya hameM pUrNa rUpa meM upalabdha hai / isa adhyAya meM pANini se pUrvavarttI parijJAta dhAtupATha - pravaktA zrAcAryoM kA nirdeza karake agale adhyAya meM pANinIya dhAtupATha aura 5 usake vRttikAro kA varNana kareMge / Goo

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ikkIsavAM adhyAya dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (2) ( pANini tathA tatsokta dhAtupATha ke vRttikAra ) 6. pANini (2900 vi0 pUrva) sampUrNa saMskRta vAGamaya meM AcArya pANini kA zabdAnuzAsana hI ekamAtra aisA ArSa-tantra haiM, jo apane pAMcoM avayavoM sahita upalabdha haiN| isalie pANinIya tantra kA mahattva atyadhika haiN| itanA hI nahIM, uttaravartI prAyaH sabhI vaiyAkaraNa isa zAstra ke sammukha natamastaka haiN| unakA pradhAna upajIvya ekamAtra yahI tantra hai| pANini ne apane zabdAnuzAsana kI kRtsnatA ke lie sUtrapATha ke sAya jina aGgoM kA pravacana kiyA thA, una meM dhAnapATha pradhAna hai| pANini ne svaprokta dhAtupATha ke anukUla hI sUtrapATha kA pravacana kiyA, yaha donoM kI tulanA se spaSTa haiM / pANinIya vaiyAkaraNoM meM jisa dhAtupATha kA paThana-pAThana pracalita hai vaha prANiniprokta haiM, aisA prAyaH sabhI vaiyAkaraNoM kA mata haiM / dhAtupATha ke pANinIyatva para AkSepa nyAsakAra kA prAkSepa-pANinIya vaiyAkaraNoM meM kAzikA kA vyAkhyAtA jinendrabuddhi hI aisA vyakti hai, jo dhAtupATha ko pANiniprokta nahIM mAnatA / vaha likhatA hai 1-'pratipAditaM hi pUrva gaNakAraH pANinirna bhavatIti / tathA cAnyo gaNakAro'nyazca suutrkaarH|' 7 / 4 / 3, bhAga 2, pRSTha 840 / arthAt-pahale pratipAdana kara cuke haiM ki gaNakAra (=dhAtugaNakAra) pANini nahIM hai / anya gaNakAra (=dhAtapATha-pravaktA) hai, aura anya suutrkaar| 2-'yadyatra trigrahaNaM kriyate nijAdInAmante vatkaraNaM kimartham ? 25

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (2) etat gaNakAraH praSTavyaH, na sUtrakAraH / anyo hi gaNakAro'nyazca sUtrakAra ityukta prAk / 7 / 4 / 75: bhAga 2, pRSTha 873 / __ arthAt-yadi yahAM (nijAM trayANAM guNaH zlau 7 / 4 / 75 sUtra meM) 'tri' grahaNa kiyA hai, to [dhAtupATha meM] nijAdiyoM ke anta meM [samAptyarthadyotaka] vRtkaraNa kA kyA prayojana hai ? [uttara-] yaha gaNa- 5 kAra (=dhAtupATha-pravaktA) se pUchanA cAhie, sUtrakAra se nhiiN| anya hI gaNakAra hai, anya sUtrakAra, yaha pahale kaha cuke haiN| yahAM nyAsakAra ne spaSTa hI dhAtupATha ke pANinIya-pravacana kA pratyAkhyAna kiyA hai| vizeSa-ina donoM uddharaNoM meM nyAsakAra ne 'dhAtupATha-pravaktA 10 sUtrakAra pANini nahIM ho sakatA, yaha pUrva kaha cuke' likhA hai / parantu hameM sampUrNa nyAsa meM ina donoM uddharaNoM se pUrva kahIM para bhI pANini ke dhAtupATha-pravaktRtva kA pratiSedhaka vacana nahIM milaa| hAM, prAtipadika gaNa (=gaNapATha) ke apANinIyatva-pratipAdaka-vacana to pUrvatra upalabdha hotA hai / ho sakatA hai, nyAsakAra ne 'gaNa' zabda se sAmAnyatayA 15 dhAtugaNa aura prAtipadikagaNa donoM kA nirdeza kiyA ho / nyAsakAra kA svavacana-virodha-hamane nyAsakAra ke do vacana Upara uddhRta kiye haiM, jinase spaSTa hai ki vaha dhAtUpATha ko pANiniprokta nahIM maantaa| aba hama usakA eka aisA vacana uddhRta karate haiM, jisameM usane dhAtupATha ko pANini kA pravacana svIkAra kiyA hai| 20 yathA 'na tasya pANineriva 'asa bhuvi' iti gaNapAThaH' / 1 / 3 / 22, bhAga 1, pRSTha 226 / / arthAt --usa (=prApizali) kA pANini ke samAna 'asa bhuvi' aisA gaNa (=dhAtupATha dhAtugaNa) kA pATha nahIM hai| isa uddharaNa meM jinendrabuddhi ne spaSTa hI Apizali ke samAna pANini ko bhI gaNakAra (=dhAtupATha-pravaktA) svIkAra kiyA hai| nyAyazAstrAnusAra isa svavacana-virodha ke kAraNa nyAgakAra ke nigrahasthAna meM A jAne se usakA vacana kisI tattva ke nirNaya meM pramANa nahIM ho sktaa| 30 nyAsakAra kI mrAnti-nyAsakAra ne dhAtupATha ke apANinIyatva- :

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa pratipAdana meM jo do hetu die haiM, ve vastutaH hetvAbhAsa haiM / api ca, nyAsakAra ke upayukta vacanoM se pratIta hotA hai ki kRta aura prokta granthoM meM jo maulika bheda hai, use vaha bhalI prakAra nahIM jAnatA thaa| usane aSTAdhyAyI aura dhAtupATha ko pANini ke kRta-grantha mAnakara AlocanA kI hai| yadi kRta-grantha mAnakara kevala aSTAdhyAyo kI bhI AlocanA kI jAe, to aSTAdhyAyI meM bhI aneka sthAnoM meM virodha dikhAI par3atA hai / yathA 1-auGa ApaH (7 / 1 / 18) sUtra meM 'mauGa' pada se au-prauTa pratyayoM kA grahaNa abhipreta hai / parantu pANini ne sampUrNa aSTAdhyAyI 10 meM kahIM para bhI 'pro-prauTa' kI auGa saMjJA nahIM khii| - 2-prAGi cApaH; prAGo nA'striyAm (7 / 3 / 105, 120) sUtroM meM prAGa pada se tRtIya ke ekavacana 'TA' kA nirdeza abhipreta hai| pANini ne kahIM para bhI 'TA' kA 'pAGa' saMketa nahIM kiyaa| isI prakAra aneka sthAnoM meM aSTAdhyAyI meM pArasparika virodha 15 upasthita kiye jA sakate haiN| yadi aSTAdhyAyI ke ina virodhoM kA parihAra 'pUrvasUtranirdeza" hetu dvArA kiyA jA sakatA hai, to isI hetu se aSTAdhyAyI aura dhAtupATha ke pArasparika virodhoM kA parihAra kyoM na kiyA jAe ? vastutaH pUrvasUtra-nirdeza hetu hI 'aSTAdhyAyI pANini kA kRta grantha nahIM hai, api tu prokta grantha hai' siddhAnta kA pratipAdaka hai| __ kRta aura prokta meM bheda-vaiyAkaraNoM ne sampUrNa vAGamaya ko dRSTaprokta-upajJAta-kRta-vyAkhyAna ina pAMca vibhAgoM meM bAMTA hai| isalie pANini ne tena proktam (4 / 3 / 101); kRte granthe (4 / 3 / 116) sUtroM meM kRta aura prokta granthoM kA bheda se nirdeza kiyA hai| kRta granthoM meM grantha kI sampUrNa varNAnupUrvI usa grantha ke racayitA " dvArA hI grathita hotI hai, parantu prokta granthoM kI sampUrNa varNAnupUrvI 1. nirdezo'yaM pUrvasUtreNa vA syAt / mahA0 7 / 1 / 18 / isI prakAra anyatra 1 / 2 / 68 // 5 // 1 / 14 / / / / 6 / 1 / 163 // 8 / 47 Adi meM bhI pUrvasUtranirdeza darzAyA hai| 2. ythaakrm-4|27 // 4 / 3 / 101 // 4 // 3 / 115 // 413 77,116 // 30 4366 //

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (2) usa grantha ke pravaktA dvArA grathita nahIM hotI / pravaktA loga pUrvataH vidyamAna zAstra ke pariSkArakamAtra hote haiM, sampUrNa varNAnupUrvI ke racayitA nahIM hote / prokta granthoM meM pravaktA kA svopajJa aMza aura svIya varNAnupUrvI svalpamAtra meM hotI hai / isa prakAra ke proktavibhAga ko hI AyurvedIya caraka saMhitA meM 'saMskRta' pada se kahA gayA hai / 5 caraka meM saMskRta kA svarUpa isa prakAra darzAyA haivistArayati zokta' saMkSipatyativistaram / saMskartA kurute tantraM purANaM ca punarnavam // zratastatrottamamidaM carakeNAtibuddhinA / 47 10 saMskRtaM tat 11 siddhi0 60 12 / 66,67 / / vastutaH saMskRta vAGmaya kI sthiti yaha hai ki usake jitane bhI mUlabhUta zAstrapada alaGkRta grantha samprati upalabdha hote haiM, ve saba prokta grantha haiM, kRta nahIM / aSTAdhyAyI aura dhAtupATha bhI pANini ke prokta grantha haiN| sabhI vaiyAkaraNa pANininA proktaM pANinIyaM zabdAnuzAsanam ' prayoga karate hai, na ki pANininA kRtam / yataH prokta granthoM 15 meM bahuta-sI varNAnupUrvI athavA bahuta-sA aMza pUrva grantha athavA granthoM kA hotA hai, aura kucha aMza pravaktA kA apanA bhI hotA hai / isalie prAyaH sabhI prokta granthoM meM kahIM-kahIM para paraspara virodha praura grAnakya dikhAI par3atA hai / prokta granthoM ke isa virodha aura prAnarthakya kA samAdhAna pUrvAcArya pUrvasUtra nirdeza hetu dvArA karate haiM / yahI samAdhAna kA rAjamArga aSTAdhyAyo aura dhAtupATha ke virodhaparihAra ke lie yukta hai / prokta granthoM meM virodha- darzana mAtra se bhinna kartR katva ( = pravaktRtva ) kI kalpanA karanA anyAyya hai / 20 zrAnti kA anya kAraNa - pANinIya dhAtupATha kA jo pATha samprati upalabdha hotA hai, vaha Aja usI rUpa meM nahIM milatA, jaisA usakA 25 pANini ne pravacana kiyA thA / usake pATha kA bahuta bAra pariSkAra ho cukA hai / ( isa viSaya meM hama Age vistAra se likheMge) / ataH uttaravatIM pariSkRta pATha ke prAdhAra para mUla grantha ke viSaya meM jo bhI zrAlocanA kI jAegI, vaha yukta na hogI / isa dRSTi se bhI yaha cintanIya hai ki dhAtupATha ke jina aMzoM ke kAraNa nyAsakAra ne aSTA- 30 dhyAyI ke sAtha virodha darzAyA hai, ve aMza mUla grantha ke hI haiM, athavA uttaravartI pariSkAra ke kAraNa sanniviSTa hue haiM /

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA tihAsa . aba hama dhAtupATha ke pANinIyatva meM katipaya pramANa upasthita karate haiM dhAtupATha ke pANinIyatva meM pramANa ___ bhagavAn pANini ne zabdAnuzAsana kA pravacana karate hue bhavA5 dayo dhAtavaH' (1 / 3 / 1) sUtra se vijJApita khilarUpa dhAtupATha kA bhI pravacana kiyA thA, isameM aneka pramANa haiM / yathA 1-pANini ne puSAdidyutAdaya laditaH parasmaipadeSu (3 / 1155); kirazca paJcabhyaH (7 / 2 / 75); zamAmaSTAnAM dIrghaH zyani (7 / 3 / 74) ityAdi aneka sUtrAM meM dhAtupATha ke antargata paThita dhAtvanaparvI 10 ko dhyAna meM rakhakara tattat kAryoM kA vidhAna kiyA hai| isI prakAra dhAtupAThastha dhAtvanubandhoM ke dvArA apane zabdAnuzAsana meM aneka kArya darzAe haiM / yathA anudAttaGita prAtmanepadam (1 / 3 / 11); svaritajitaH karbabhiprAye kriyAphale ( 1 // 372 ); DvitaH vitraH ( 3318); 15 Tvito'thuca (3 / 3 / 86) / sUtrapATha meM smRta dhAtvanupUrvI aura dhAtupAThastha anubandhoM ke dvArA tattat kAryavidhAna se spaSTa hai ki jaise pANini ne sUtrapATha se pUrva sarvAdi prAtipadikagaNa kA pravacana kiyA, usI prakAra dhAtupATha kA bhI sUtrapATha se pUrva pravacana athavA saMgrathana kiyaa| kyoMki vinA 0 dhAtapATha aura dhAtusaMbaMddha anubandhoM ke pUrva-pravacana ke sUtrapATha kA pravacana kathaMcita bhI nahIM ho sktaa| 2-mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali dhAtupATha ko pANini kA hI pravacana mAnate haiM, yaha mahAbhASyakAra ke aneka pAThoM se abhivyakta hotA hai / yathA25 evaM hi siddha sati yadAdigrahaNaM karoti tajjJApayatyAcAryaH asti ca pATho bAhyazca sUtrAt / mahA0 113 // 1 // arthAt-isa prakAra siddha hone para sUtrakAra ne jo Adi-grahaNa kiyA hai, usase prAcArya batAte haiM ki dhAtuoM kA pATha hai, aura vaha sUtrapATha se bAhara (pRthak) hai| ___ isa vacana se spaSTa hai ki bhagavAn pataJjali sUtrapATha ke samAna dhAtapATha ko bhI pANinIya mAnate haiN|

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2/7 ghAtupATha ke pracaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (2) 46 3--'idaM tahi prayojanam - aolasjI lgnH| niSThAdezaH siddho vktvyH| neDvazikRtIpratiSedho yathA syAt / IditkaraNaM ca na vaktavyaM bhavati / etadapi nAsti prayojanam / kriyate nyAsa eva / ' mahA0 8 / 2 / 6 / yahAM mahAbhASyakAra ne dhAtupAThastha 'polasjI' ke IditkaraNa ko 5 pramANa mAna kara 'niSThAdezaH SatvasvarapratyayeDvidhiSu' vArtikastha iTvidhi-prayojana kA khaNDana kiyA hai|" ___4-'athavA AcAryapravRttipiyati -naivaMjAtIyakAnAmidvidhibhavatIti, yadayamiritaH kAMzcinnumanuSaktAn paThati-ubundir nizAsane, skandir gtishossnnyoH|' mahA0 137 // ___ arthAt -- prAcArya kI pravRtti (=vyavahAra) batAtA hai ki isa prakAra kI dhAtuproM meM [ikAra kI] itsaMjJA [mAnakara numAgama] kI vidhi nahIM hotI, jo vaha kinhIM 'irit' dhAtuoM ko num se yukta par3hatA hai / yathA-ubundir, skandir / ___ mahAbhASyakAra prAcArya zabda kA vyavahAra pANini tathA kAtyAyana 15 ke lie ho karate haiM / isa vAkya meM prAcArya pada se kAtyAyana kA nirdeza kisI prakAra nahIM ho sakatA / ataH yahA~ prAcArya pada pANini ke lie hI prayukta huaA hai, yaha spaSTa hai / ukta vAkya meM jo prAcArya 'jJApayati' kriyA kA kartA hai, vahI 'paThati' (dhAtupATha ko par3hatA hai) kriyA kA bhI kartA hai / isa vAkya- 20 racanA se spaSTa haiM ki pANini hI jJApana karatA hai, aura vahI numyukta ubundir Adi dhAtuoM ko par3hatA hai| yaha pATha nizcaya hI dhAtupAThAntargata hai| 5-'tathAjAtIyakAH khalvAcAryeNa svaritajitaH paThitA ya ubhayavantaH, yeSAM karbabhiprAyaM cAkabhiprAyaM ca kriyAphalamasti / mahA0 25 1 // 3 // 72 // 1. bhASya ke ukta vacana kI vyAkhyA karate hue nAgeza ne 'IditkaraNaM na vaktavyam' kA tAtparya 'zvIdito niSThAyAm' (a0 7 / 2 / 14) sUtrastha IditkaraNa darzAyA hai| vaha cintya hai / yahAM kriyate nyAsa eva' kA tAtparya bhI dhAtupAThastha IditkaraNa se hai, na ki sUtrapAThastha IditagrahaNa se|

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa arthAt usI prakAra kI dhAtuoM ko prAcArya ne svarita aura bhit par3hA hai jo ubhayarUpa haiM arthAt jinakA kriyAphala kartRgAmI aura akartRgAmI ubhayathA hai| ___ yahAM para bhI prAcArya pANini ko ho svarita aura nit dhAtuoM 5 kA pAThaka" kahA hai, yaha vyakta hai / yaha pATha dhAtupATha meM hI hai| 6-'kRtamanayoH sAdhutvam / katham ? vRdhirasmAyavizeSeNopadiSTaH prakRtipAThe / tasmAt ktin -.. / ' mahA0 1 / 1 / 1 // arthAt-vRddhi aura Adec ke sAdhutva kA pratipAdana kara diyA [pANini ne] / kase ? 'vRdha' dhAtu sAmAnyarUpa se upadiSTa kI gaI 10 prakRtipATha ( =dhAtupATha ) meM, usase 'ktin' prtyy""| yahAM para bhASyakAra ne sAkSAt prakRtipATha arthAt dhAtupATha meM pANini dvArA 'vRdhi' dhAtu kA upadeza svIkAra kiyA hai / 7-'mRjirasmAyavizeSeNopadiSTaH / ' mahA0 1 / 1 / 1 // arthAt-mRja dhAtu kA sAmAnyarUpa se upadeza kiyA hai / isakI vyAkhyA meM zivarAmendra sarasvatI likhatA hai 8-majirasmA iti-asmai sAdhu zabdabubhutsave pANininA dhAtupAThe mRjUSa zuddhau ityupadiSTa iti / arthAt-isa sAdhuzabda ko jAnane kI icchAvAle [ziSya] ke liye pANini ne dhAtupATha meM 'mRjUSa zuddhau' dhAtu kA upadeza kiyA hai| isI para chAyA-vyAkhyAkAra vaidyanAtha pAyaguNDa ne bhI likhA hai-- E-"pANininA pratyayavizeSAnAzrayeNa 'mRjUS zuddhau' iti dhAtupATha upadiSTa ityarthaH / arthAt pANini ne kisI pratyayavizeSa kA AzrayaNa na karake 'mRjUSa zuddhau dhAtu kA dhAtupATha meM upadeza kiyA hai| 10--padamaJjarIkAra haradatta likhatA haiM 1. mahAbhASyasiddhAntaratnaprakAza nAmnI vyAkhyA, hamArA hastalekha, pRSTha 211 / 'mahAbhASyapradIpa-vyAkhganAni' ke antargata, bhAga 1, pRSTha 237 / ___2. navAhnika nirNayasAgara saM0, pRSTha 146, kAlama 2, Ti. 11 //

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (2) 'yatrAcAryAH smaranti tatraiva sUtrakAreNa tAvadvivakSitAH sarve'nunAsikA: paThitAH 'DulabhaiSa prAptau' itivat / lekhakaistu saMkIrNA likhitaaH|" arthAt-jahAM vyAkhyAtA loga anunAsika mAnate haiM, vahIM sUtrakAra ne vivakSita sAre anunAsika 'DulabhaiS prAptau" ke samAna par3he 5 the| lekhakoM ne saMkIrNa rUpa se par3ha diyA, arthAt niranunAsikoM ke sAtha sAnunAsikoM ko bhI niranunAsika rUpa se par3ha diyaa| 11-pANinIya vaiyAkaraNa sUtrapATha ke samAna dhAtupATha ko bhI pANinIya mAnakara dhAtupAThastha prayogoM ke AdhAra para aneka prayogoM ke sAdhutva kA pratipAdana karate haiM / yathA-- ka-'kathamudyamoparamau ? aDa udyamane (kSIrata0 11246 ), yama uparame (kSorata0 1711) iti nipAtanAdanugantavyau / ' kAzikA 7 / 3 / 34 // arthAt-udyama uparama prayoga kaise baneMge ? 'aDa udyamane' aura 'yama uparame' pATha meM nipAtana se vRddhi kA prabhAva jAnanA caahie| 15 kha--'dhU vidhunane (kSIrata0 668), tRpa prINane (kSArata0 pR0 307, Ti03) iti nipAtanAdanayornu gbhaviSyati / ' nyAsa bhAga 2, pRSTha 762 / arthAt--dhAtupATha meM 'dhU vidhUnane' aura 'tRpa prINane' meM vidhanana tathA prINana padoM ke pAThasAmarthya se 'nuk' kA pAgama ho jaaegaa| 20 ga-vyAjIkaraNe liGgAd ghaJi kutvAbhAvaH-vyAja: / ' kSIrata0 6 // 16 // arthAt -'vyAja' zabda meM 'gha' pratyaya meM kutva honA cAhie, vaha 'vyaja vyAjIkaraNe' (kSIrata0 6 / 16) pATha meM 'vyAja' padanirdeza se nahIM hotA, aisA jAnanA cAhie / 1. padamaJjarI 113 / 2; bhAga 1, pRSTha 214 / 2. kSIrasvAmI kSIrata0 11724 para likhatA hai-DupacaMS pAke sAnunAsiko'kAraH sarveSAmupalakSaNArthaH /

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52 saMskRta-vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa gha-'zubha zumbha zobhArthe (kSIrata0 6 / 33) ata eva nipAtanAt zobhA sAdhuH / ' kSIrata0 6 // 33 // __arthAt -'zubha zumbha zobhArthe' pAThasAmarthya se zobhA' pada kA sA~ghutva jAnanA caahie| aisA hI kSIrasvAmI ne kSIrata0 1 / 468 meM bhI likhA haijJApakAt zobhA / ' arthAt zobhA pada jJApaka se sAdhu hai| Ga-vAmana bhI 'zobhA' pada ke sAdhutva-pratipAdana ke lie kAvyAlaGkArasUtra meM likhatA hai 'zobheti nipAtanAt / ' kA0 sUtra 5 / 2 / 41 // arthAt-zobhA pada dhAtupATha meM 'zubha zumbha zobhArthe' isa nipAtana se sAdhu hai, aisA samajhanA caahie| ina uparyukta pramANabhUta prAcAryoM ke vacanoM se suspaSTa hai ki sUtrapATha ke samAna dhAtupATha bhI pANini-prokta hai / kyA dhAtvatha-nirdeza apANinIya hai ? __ jo vaiyAkaraNa dhAtapATha ko pANinIya mAnate haiM, ve bhI dhAtvarthanirdeza ke viSaya meM viruddha mata rakhate haiN| kaI vaiyAkaraNa dhAtvarthanirdeza ko apANinIya kahate haiM, katipaya unheM pANinIya mAnate haiN| isalie hama dhAtvartha-nirdeza ke pANinIyatva aura apANinIyatva ke pratipAdaka samasta pramANoM ko nIce uddhRta karate haiM- .. apANinIyatva-pratipAdaka pramANa-pahale hama dhAtvarthanirdeza ke apANinIyatva pratipAdaka pramANa upasthita karate hai 1-'parimANagrahaNaM ca kartavyam / iyAnavadhirdhAtusaMjJo bhavati iti vaktavyam / kuto hyetad bhUzabdo dhAnusaMjJo bhavati, na punarvedha25 zabdaH ?' mahA0 1 // 3 // 1 // ___ arthAt [dhAtusaMjJA-vidhAyaka prakaraNa meM] parimANa kA grahaNa bhI karanA cAhie / itanI avadhivAlA zabda dhAtusaMjJaka hotA hai, aisA kahanA caahie| kisa hetu se yaha 'bhU' zabda dhAtusaMjJaka hotA hai, 'svedha' zabda dhAtusaMjJaka kyoM nahIM hotA ? 20

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (2) 53 isa uddharaNa meM mahAbhASyakAra ne parimANa grahaNa ke abhAva meM 'vedha' zabda kI dhAtusaMjJA kI prasakti darzAI hai / yadi dhAtupATha meM bhU sattAyAm, edha vRddhau aisA dhAtvartha-nirdeza sahita dhAtuoM kA pATha hotA, to 'svedha' meM dhAtusaMjJA kI prasakti kA nirdeza upapanna hI na hotA / kyoMki donoM ke madhya meM 'sattAyAm' pada par3hA haiM / yaha prasakti tabhI 5 upapanna hotI hai, jaba dhAtupATha meM dhAtvartha-nirdeza na ho, kevala dhAtueM 'vedhaspardha' isa prakAra saMhitApATha meM paThita hoN| isIlie mahAbhASya ke uparyukta pATha kI vyAkhyA meM kaiyaTa likhatA hai - 'na cArthapAThaH paricchedakaH, tasyApANinIyatvAt zrabhiyuktai' rupalakSaNatayoktatvAt iti / ' arthAt-['sattAyAm' Adi ] artha kA pATha dhAtusaMjJA kA paricchedaka nahIM hogA, usake apANinIya hone se / prAmANika puruSoM ne artha-nirdeza upalakSaNa rUpa se par3he haiM / isakI vyAkhyA karate hue nAgeza likhatA hai 'bhImasenenetyaitihyam / ' 10 15 arthAt - dhAtvartha-nirdeza bhImasena ne kiyA hai, yaha itihAsa se vidita hotA hai / 1. pAzcAtya bhASAmata ke matAnuyAyI aneka bhAratIya vidvAn 'abhiyukta' zabda ke viSaya meM likhate haiM ki yaha zabda pahale 'prAmANika' artha meM prayukta hotA thaa| uttarakAla meM isake artha kA apakarSa athavA avanati hokara yaha 20 'doSI', 'aparAdhI' artha kA vAcaka bana gayA hai / vastutaH yaha ajJAnamUlaka hai / abhiyukta pada kI mUla prakRti 'abhiyuj ' aura kvibanta rUpa vaidika granthoM meM doSI - aparAdhI zatru artha meM bahudhA prayukta hai / yathA - 'vizvA agne abhiyujo vihatya' (R0 5 / 4 / 5) | mahAbhArata zalyaparva 31 / 62 meM 'abhiyuktastu yo rAjA dAtumiccheddhi medinIm' meM abhiyukta zabda apakRSTa artha meM hI prayukta 25 hai / isI prakAra 'devAnAM priyaH' pada meM bhI jo prarthApakarSa kI Adhunika bhASAvijJa kalpanA karate haiM, vaha bhI prayukta hai / vastutaH ina prayogoM meM artha - saMkoca huA hai, arthAt do arthoM meM se eka artha lokavyavahAra meM zeSa rahA hai / zrapakarSa nahIM huA / 1. nAgeza kA ziSya vaidyanAtha pAyaguNDa dhAtvarthanirdeza ko pANinIya mAnatA hai / dra0 pUrva pRSTha 50, uddharaNa 6 / 30

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 2-'pAThena dhAtusaMjJAyAM samAnazabdAnAM pratiSedho vaktavyaH / 'yA' iti dhAtaH, 'yA' ityAbantaH / 'vA' iti dhAtaH, 'vA' iti nipAtaH / 'na' iti dhAtuH, 'nu' iti pratyayaH / 'diva' iti dhAtuH, 'diva' iti prAtipadikam / ' mahA0 1 // 3 // 1 // arthAta-pATha se dhAtusaMjJA mAnane para bhI usake tulya zabdoM kI dhAtu-saMjJA kA pratiSedha kahanA caahie| 'yA' yaha dhAtu hai, 'yA' aisA prAbanta strIliGga zabda bhI haiM / 'vA' yaha dhAtu hai, 'vA' aisA nipAta bhI hai / 'nu' yaha dhAtu haiM 'nu' aisA pratyaya bho hai| 'diva' yaha dhAtu haiM, 'diva' aisA prAtipadika bhI hai| ___ yadi dhAtupATha meM yA pramANe, vA gatigandhanayoH aisA sArthapATha pANinIya hotA, to samAna zabdoM ko dhAtusaMjJA ko prasaktirUpa doSa hI upasthita nahIM hotA / kyoMki pAbanta 'yA' zabda prApaNa artha kA vAcaka hI nahIM, nipAta 'vA' gatigandhana arthoM ko kahatA hI nahIM (isI prakAra 'nU' tathA 'diva' ke viSaya meM samajhe) / jaba inakI dhAtUsaMjJA prApta hI nahIM hogI, phira pratiSedha kahane kI kyA AvazyakatA ? ataH isa bhASyapATha se bhI yahI pratIta hotA haiM ki pANini ne dhAtvarthanirdeza nahIM kiyA thaa| 3- (ka) nArthA prAdizyante kriyAvacanatA ca gamyate / mahA0 3 / 118,11,16 // (kha) kaH khalvapi pacAdInAM kriyAvacanatve yatnaM karoti / ___ mahA0 3 / 1119 // (ga) ko hi nAma samartho dhAtuprAtipadikapratyayanipAtAnAma rthAnAdeSTum / mahA0 2 / 1 / 1 // ina vacanoM se bhI yahI dhvanita hotA hai ki pANini ne dhAtuoM 25 ke arthoM kA nirdeza nahIM kiyA thaa| dvitIya vAkya kI vyAkhyA karatA huaA nAgeza likhatA hai 'pacAdInAmartharahitAnAmeva pAThAt / ' arthAt paca Adi dhAtuoM kA artharahita hI pATha hone se| 4-bhaTTojidIkSita ne bhI zabdakaustubha 1 / 3 / 1 meM dhAtvartha-nirdeza 30 ko apANinIya hI kahA hai / vaha likhatA hai

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA ( 2 ) " na ca 'yA prApaNe' ityAdyarthanirdezo niyAmaka:, tasyApANinItatvAt / bhImasenAdayorthaM nididikSuriti smaryate / pANinistu 'vedha' ityAdya pAThIt iti bhASyakaiyaTayoH spaSTam / " 55 arthAt- 'yA prApaNe' ityAdi artha-nirdeza bhI dhAtusaMjJA kA niyAmaka nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki vaha pANinIya hai / bhImasena Adi 5 ne dhAtuoM ke arthoM kA nirdeza kiyA thA, yaha paramparA se smaraNa kiyA jAtA hai / pANini ne to bhavedha isI prakAra ( artharahita saMhitA - pATha) par3hA thA, yaha bhASya aura kaiyaTa meM spaSTa hai / 5 - bhaTTojidIkSita ne zabda kaustubha 1 / 2 / 20 meM punaH likhA hai--- 'titikSAgrahaNaM jJApakaM bhImasenAdikRto'rthanirdeza udAharaNamAtram / 10 arthAt - sUtra meM 'titikSA' grahaNa jJApaka hai ki bhImasena Adi kRta dhAtvartha-nirdeza udAharaNamAtra hai / ina pramANoM se spaSTa hai ki pANinIya dhAtupATha meM jo artha - nirdeza upalabdha hotA hai, vaha apANinIya hai / pANini ne to bhavedha - spardhA isa prakAra arthanirdezarahita saMhitApATha kA hI pravacana 15 kiyA thA / pANinIyatva pratipAdaka pramANa - aba hama dhAtupAThastha artha-nirdeza pANinIya hai, isa mata ke pratipAdaka pramANa upasthita karate haiM -- 1 - mahAbhASya meM aneka dhAtueM prathanirdezapUrvaka uddhRta haiN| unase vidita hotA haiM ki mahAbhASya se pUrva hI pANinoya dhAtupATha meM arthanirdeza vidyamAna thA / 20 2 - mahAbhASyakAra kA nimna vacana hama pUrva udadhRta kara cuke haiM'prAcAryapravRttirjJApayati- naivajAtIyakAnAmividhirbhavatIti yadayamiritiH kAMzcinnumanuSaktAn paThati - ubundir nizAmane, skandir gatizoSaNayoriti / 1 / 3 // 7 // isa vacana se dhAtupATha ke pANinIyatva kA jJApana hama pUrva kara cuke haiN| isalie jisa pANini prAcArya ne ubundir aura skandir ko num se yukta par3hA, usI ne inake 'nizAmana' tathA 'gatizoSaNa' arthoM kA bhI nirdeza kiyA, yaha isa vacana se spaSTa hai / 25

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5 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 3-mahAbhASyakAra ne bhUvAdi ( 1 / 3 / 1 ) sUtra ke bhASya meM likhA hai__'vapiH prakiraNe dRSTaH, chedane cApi vartate-ke zazmazru vapatoti / IDiH stuticodanAyAcyAsu dRSTaH, preraNe cApi vartate-agnirvA ito vRSTimITTe, maruto'mutazcyAvayanti iti / karotirabhUta prAdurbhAve dRSTaH, nirmalIkaraNe cApi vartate-pRSThaM kuru, pAdau kuru, unmRdAneti gamyate / ' isa vacana meM mahAbhASyakAra ne vapa-IDa-kR dhAtuoM ke katipaya arthoM ko dRSTa kahA hai, aura katipaya arthoM meM inakA vartana (=vyava hAra ) batAyA hai| donoM dRSTa aura vartate pada ekArthaka nahIM haiM, yaha 10 to vAkya-vinyAsa se hI spaSTa hai / ataH yahAM jina dhAtvarthoM ko dRSTa kahA hai, ve dhAtapATha meM paThita haiM, athavA dhAtupATha meM dekhe gae haiN| aura jinake lie vartate kA prayoga kiyA hai, ve loka meM vyavahRta haiM, yahI abhiprAya isa vacana kA hai / ukta vAkya meM mahAbhASyakAra ne 'bIjasantAna' artha kA nirdeza 75 prakiraNa zabda se kiyA hai, aura 'karaNe' kA abhUtaprAdurbhAva zabda se| IDa dhAta ke stuti, codanA aura yAcA arthoM ko dRSTa kahA hai, parantu vartamAna dhAtupATha meM codanA yAcyA artha upalabdha nahIM hote| isakA kAraNa pANinIya dhAtupATha kA uttara kAla meM bahudhA pariSkAra honA hai| pANinIya dhAtupATha ke uttarakAlIna pariSkAroM ke viSaya meM 20 Age likheNge| 4 mahAbhASya ke vyAkhyAtA zivarAmendra sarasvatI ne apanI 'siddhAntaratnaprakAza' vyAkhyA meM aneka sthAnoM para dhAtuoM ke artha ko pANinIya mAnA hai| yathA ka-asmai sAdhuzabdabubhutsave pANininA dhAtupAThe 'mRjUSa' 'zuddhauM' 25 ityupadRSTiH / kha-'meG praNidAne' iti vyatihArAparaparyAya praNidAnArthakatvena meGa eva dhAtupAThe pANininA paThitatvAt ... / ' 1. 'mahAbhASyapadIpa-vyAkhyAnAni' ke antargata, bhAga 1, pRSTha 237 / 2. vahI, bhAga 2, pRSTha 82 /

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2/8 dhAtupATha ke pracaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (2) 57 ina donoM sthAnoM meM mRjUS zuddhau aura meG praNidAne sArtha pATha ko pANinoya mAnA hai| ga-arthapAThasya pANinIyatAyAH prAgevAsmAbhiH prapaJcitatvAt / ' gha-pANinerdhAtupAThaH syAd arthanirdezamizritaH / ' itanA hI nahIM, zivarAmendra sarasvatI ne mahAbhASya 1 / 31 ke 5 kuto hma tad bhUzabdo dhAtusaMjJo na punarvedhazabdaH' uddharaNa se jina vayAMkaraNoM ne dhAtvartha-nirdeza ko apANinIya mAnA hai unake mata kA bar3I prabalatA se khaNDana kiyA hai| isake liye 'mahAbhASya-pradIpavyAkhyAnAni' ke antargata bhAga 2, pRSTha 81 tathA bhAga 4, pRSTha 81-82 dekhane caahiye| 5-nAgeza ne dhAtuoM ke artha-nirdeza ko bhImasena dvArA pradarzita mAnA hai', parantu usa kA ziSya vaidyanAtha pAyaguNDa udyota kI chAyA TIkA meM mRjUSa zuddhau sArtha pATha ko pANinIya likhatA hai| hamane kA zikA, nyAsa, kSIrataraGgiNI, aura vAmanIya kAvyAlaGkAra ke pAMca vacana pUrva (pRSTha 51-52) uddhRta kie haiM / unase yaha 15 pratIta hotA hai ki ina granthoM ke racayitA dhAtvarthanirdeza ko bhI pANini ke sUtrapATha ke samAna hI prAmANika mAnate haiN| yadi dhAtvarthanirdeza pANinIya na ho, to na to unameM sUtravat prAmANya-buddhi utpanna ho sakatI hai, aura nAhI unake AdhAra para pANinIya sUtraniyamoM kA virodha hone para bhI una zabdoM kA sAdhutva ho svIkAra kiyA jA 20 sakatA hai| isalie ukta pramANoM se spaSTa hai ki kAzikA Adi ke racayitA dhAtvartha nirdeza ko bhI pANinIya hI mAnate haiN| 7-padamaJjarIkAra haradatta dhAtvartha-nirdeza ko pANinIya mAnatA hai| vaha likhatA hai--'yeSAM tvapANinIyo'rthanirdeza iti pkssH|' 7 / 3 / 34; bhAga 2, pRSTha 813 // yahAM yeSAM pakSaH' padoM se spaSTa hai ki vaha svayaM isa pakSa ko nahIM / mAnatA thaa| 25 1. mahAbhASyapadIpa vyAkhyAnAni bhAga 4, pRSTha 137 / 2. vahI, bhAga 4, pRSTha 138 / 3. pUrvatra, bhAga 2, pRSTha 53 / .. 4. pUrvatra, bhAga 2, pRSTha 50 sandarbha hai|

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58 ___ saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ___8=dhAtuvRttikAra aneka sthAnoM meM dhAtusUtroM ke saMhitApATha ko prAmANika mAnakara unake viccheda meM vimata dikhAI par3ate haiM / yathA (ka) tapaaizvaryevAvRtuvaraNe (kSorata0 4 / 48,46) isa pATha ke madhya meM paThyamAna vA pada pUrvasUtra kA avayava hai athavA uttarasUtra kA, isa meM vyAkhyAkAroM meM matabheda hai / yadi vA zabda pUrvasUtra kA avayava hai, taba bhUvAdi gaNa meM paThita tapa santApe (kSIrata0 11712) isa ghAtu kA hI aizvarya artha meM vikalpa se devAdikatva hogA, arthAt aizvarya artha meM 'zyana' vikalpa se hogaa| yadi vA uttarasUtra kA avayava hai, taba bhI do vyAkhyAyeM hotI haiM / vA pRthak svatantra pada mAnane para bhvAdi meM paThita 'vRtu' dhAtu (kSIrata0 11504) varaNa artha meM vikalpa se devAdika hogaa| arthAt varaNa artha meM vRtu se zyan vikalpa se hogaa| vA ko pRthak svatantra pada na mAnane para 'vAvRtu' dhAtu hogii|' (kha) patagatauvApazaanupasargAt (kSIrataraGgiNo 11246,250) isa sUtra meM bhI vA pada pUrvasUtra kA avayava hai athavA uttarasUtra kA, isameM vyAkhyAkAroM kA matabheda hai / kucha vyAkhyAkAra vA ko pUrvasUtra kA avayava mAnate hue 'pata dhAtu se vikalpa se Nic hotA hai aisI vyAkhyA karate haiN| anya vRttikAra uttarasUtra kA avayava mAnate hue vA ko svatantra pada mAnakara 'paza dhAtu anupasarga se Nicapare vikalpa se adanta hai' aisI vyAkhyA karate haiN| isI pakSa meM jo vA ko svatantra pada nahIM mAnate, ve vApaza dhAtu svIkAra karate haiN| uparinirdiSTa prakAra kI samasta vyAkhyAeM dhAtvartha-nirdezoM ko pANinIya mAnakara hI upapanna ho sakatI haiM / yadi uparyukta sthaloM meM bhI svedhaspardha ke samAna tapavAvRtu, patavApaza aisA artha-nirdeza vira - 1. prAcIna dhAtuvRttikAra 'bhU sattAyAm / udaattH| prsmaibhaassH| edha 25 vRddhau|' ityAdi ko dhAtusUtra mAnate haiN| 2. yaha saMhitApATha kA svarUpa hai| 3. ina vyAkhyAnoM ke lie dekhie-kSIrataraGgiNI (4 / 48,46), dhAtupradIpa pRSTha 63), puruSakAra (pRSTha 85), mAdhavIyA dhAtuvRtti (pRSTha 263) / bhaTTikAra 'tato vAvRtyamAnA sA rAmazAlAmavikSata' (4 / 28) meM 'vAvRtu 30 dhAtu svIkAra karatA hai| 4. kSIrata0 10 / 246, 250 draSTavyaH /

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (2) 56 cita saMhitA pATha hotA, to vAvRtu tathA vApaza dhAtuoM ke svarUpa meM sandeha hI utpanna na hotA / yadi artha-nirdeza-sahacarita vA pada (arthavizeSa meM devAdikatvabodhaka) kA bhI nirdeza na hotA, taba to sandeha kI koI sthiti hI nahIM thI / yadi sandeha hotA, taba bhI tapa vAvRtu, tapavA vRtu; pata vApaza, patavA paza aisA sandeha hotA / vRttikAro 5 dvArA nirdiSTa vyAkhyA-bheda to vinA dhAtvartha-nirdeza ke sambhava hI nhiiN| sAyaNAcArya dhAtvartha-nirdeza ko pANinIya mAnakara likhatA hai'asmAkaM tUbhayamapi pramANamAcAryeNobhayathA ziSyANAM pratipAdanAt / " arthAt-hameM to 'tapa aizvarye vA, vRtu varaNe' tathA 'tapa aizvarye, vAvatu varaNe' donoM prakAra kA sUtra-viccheda pramANa hai| kya ka AcArya ne ziSyoM ko donoM prakAra kA sUtrapATha batAyA thaa| -yadi poNinIya dhAtupATha meM artha-nirdeza apANinIya ho to kaI praghaTTakoM athavA daNDakoM meM eka hI dhAtu kA do vAra pATha nahIM honA 15 caahie| dhAtu ke svarUpanirdeza ke lie eka dhAtu kA eka sthAna para hI pATha paryApta hai| parantu dhAtupATha meM samAna praghaTTaka meM bhI eka hI dhAtu kA do-do bAra pATha bahutra upalabdha hotA hai| yayA (ka) aTTAdi meM huDi kA-huDi saMghAte, huDi varaNe (kSIrata0 11172:180) / 20 (kha) zauTTAdi meM kiTa kA-kiTa khiTa trAse, iTa kiTa kttii| gatau (dhAtuvatti pRSTha 77,76,) / (ga) mavyAdi meM khela kA-kela khela kSvela vella calane, khela khela selU gatau (dhAtuvRtti pRSTha 105, 106) / ' yaha dviH pATha dhAtupATha ke dhAtvarthanirdezapUrvaka pravacana meM hI sambhava 25 ho sakatA hai, anyathA nhiiN| 1. ghAtu0 pRSTha0 263 / tulanA karo--ubhayathA hyAcAryeNa ziSyAH sUtraM pratipAditAH / mahAbhASya 1 / 4 / 1 // dvayamapi caitat pramANam, ubhayathA sUtrapraNabanAt / kAzikA 4 / 1 / 117 // 1. dra0-dhAtuvRtti meM paatthaantr|

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60 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa (10) isI prakAra dhAtvartha-nirdeza ko apANinIya mAnane para samAnArthaka dhAtu meM paThita dhAtu kA anyArtha-nirdeza ke lie punaH svatantra pATha nahIM ho sktaa| yathA (ka) raghi laghi gatyarthAH, laghi bhojananivRttAvapi (kSIrata0 5 176,77) / (kha) gaja gaji........ zabdArthAH, gaja madane ca ( kSIrata. 13156,157 ) / (ga) taya naya gatau, taya rakSaNe ca (kSIrata0 1138, 139) / isa prakAra kA dhAtvartha-nirdeza-samuccAyaka punaH pATha bhI dhAtvartha10 nirdeza ke pANinIyatva kA hI jJApana karatA hai| vyAkhyAkAroM ne ukta donoM prakAra ke dhAtu ke punaH pATha meM arthabheda se punaH pATha haiM, yahI hetu diyA hai| artha-nirdeza ke abhAva meM na to yaha hetu bana sakatA hai, aura na usake prabhAva meM dhAtu kA dviH pATha kathaMcit sambhava ho sakatA hai| 15 yadi kiso akkiAlika vyakti ne dhAtuoM ke sAtha artha jor3e hote, to eka sthAna meM paThita dhAtu ke eka sAtha hI donoM (athavA jitane abhipreta hoM) artha par3ha detaa| artha-bheda se dhAtu kA punaH pATha na karatA / aGgaprAdhAnya nyAya se aGgarUpa (bAda meM jor3e gae) artha ke kAraNa pradhAnarUpa dhAtu kA pUnaH pATha kadApi yukta nahIM ho sktaa| . isase spaSTa hai ki jaise sUtrapATha meM pANini ne samAna AnupUrvI vAlA bahulaM chandasi sUtra prakaraNabheda se 14 sthAnoM meM par3hA, vaise hI usane eka dhAtu kA hI arthabheda se 2-3 bAra pATha kiyaa| ina pramANoM se spaSTa hai dhAtvartha-nirdeza bhI pANinIya hai| dhAtupATha kA dvividha pravacana 25 donoM vAdoM kA nirNaya-dhAtupATha meM paThita arthanirdeza pANinIya hai athavA apANinIya, ina donoM viSayoM meM donoM prakAra ke pramANa Upara darzA cuke / isa vivAda kA vAstavika nirNaya yaha hai ki prAcArya pANini ne dhAtupATha kA arthanirdeza-yukta aura arthanirdeza-rahita donoM prakAra kA pravacana kiyA thaa| kinhIM ziSyoM ke lie arthanirdeza ke

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (2) 61 vinA zvedhaspardha isa prakAra saMhitApATha se pravacana kiyA, aura kinhIM ke lie 'bhU sattAyAm udAtta: parasmaibhASaH, edha vRddhau' isa prakAra / isI kAraNa mahAbhASya meM donoM prakAra ke nirdeza upalabdha hote haiN| laghu pATha aura vRddha pATha-artha-nirdeza ke vinA dhAtuoM kA jo pATha hai vaha laghu pATha hai, aura arthanirdeza-yukta vRddha pATha hai| aSTAdhyAyI ke laghu aura vRddha pATha-bhagavAn pANini ne kevala dhAtupATha kA hI laghu aura vRddharUpa vividha pravacana nahIM kiyA, apitu aSTAdhyAyI kA bhI dvividha pravacana kiyA thaa| vArtikakAra ne aSTAdhyAyI ke jisa pATha para vArtika likhe haiM, vaha lagha pATha haiM, aura kAzikA vRtti vRddha pATha para likhI gaI hai| aSTAdhyAyI ne ina donoM 10 prakAra ke pAThoM ke viSaya meM isI grantha ke pAMcaveM adhyAya (bhAga 1 pRSTha 238, ca0 saM0) meM likha cake haiM / saMskRta vAGamaya meM pacAsoM aise prAcIna grantha haiM, jinake granthapravaktA ne hI lagha aura vRddha do-do prakAra kA pravacana kiyA thaa| kinhIM-kinhIM granthoM kA to laghu, madhyama aura vRddha tIna prakAra kA pATha thA aisA jJAta hotA hai| prAcIna 15 AcAryoM ne apane granthoM kA do-do prakAra se pravacana kyoM kiyA, isakA uttara bhArata aura mahAbhArata ke vividha pravacana-prakaraNa meM sauti ne isa prakAra diyA haivistIryaMtanmahajjJAnamRSiH saMkSipya cAbravIt / iSTaM hi viduSAM loke samAsavyAsaghAraNam // Adiparva 1 / 51 / arthAt RSi ne vistAra se mahAbhArata kA upadeza karake saMkSepa se (upAkhyAnoM se rahita) bhArata kA upadeza kiyaa| kyoMki loka meM samAsa-saMkSepa aura vyAsa-vistAra donoM prakAra se grantha kA dhAraNa karanA vidvAnoM ko iSTa hai| 25 20 1. suzruta ke trividha pATha the-laghusuzru ta madhyamasuzruta aura vRddhasuzruta / dekhie paM0 sUramacandra kRta 'Ayurveda kA itihAsa' bhAga 1, pRSTha 255 / sambhavataH bharata nATya zAstra ke bhI laghu (SaT sAhasra), madhyama (dvAdaza sAhasra) tathA vRddha (aSTAdaza sAhasra, trividha pATha the| dra0 kRSNamAcAriyara ema0 e0 kRta hisTrI Apha klAsikala saMskRta liTarecara, pRSTha 810 para ttippnn| 30

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62 saMskRta-vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa vAtikapATha kA prAzrayabhUta laghupATha-jisa prakAra vAttikakAra kAtyAyAna ne aSTAdhyAyI ke laghupATha para apane vArtika race, isI prakAra usane dhAtupATha ke artharahita laghupATha ko svIkAra karake 'parimANagrahaNaM ca' (mahA0 1 / 3 / 1) vArtika kI racanA kii| - sUtrapATha kA Azraya vRddha pATha-pANini ke sUtrapATha ke avagAhana se pratIta hotA hai ki pANini ne sUtrapATha kA pravacana karate hue dhAtupATha ke vRddhapATha ko apane dhyAna meM rakhA thA / pANini ke aneka niyama dhAtapATha ke laghupATha ke AdhAra para upapanna hI nahIM hote / yathA 10 pANini ne iTa-Agama ke pratiSedha ke lie niyama batAyA hai ekAca upadeze'nudAttAt / a0 7 / 2 / 10 // arthAt-upadeza meM anudAtta eka ac vAlI dhAtu ko iT kA Agama nahIM hotaa| dhAtupATha ke vRddhapATha meM pratyeka praghaTTaka ke anta meM udAttaH, udAttAH, 15 anudAttAH, parasmabhASA:, prAtmanebhASAH ityAdi sUtra upalabdha hote haiN| inase kauna-sI dhAtu udAtta hai, kauna-sI anudAtta, tathA kauna-sI parasmaipada hai kauna-sI Atmanepada Adi parilakSita hotA hai / dhAtuvRttikAra 'bhU sattAyAm' Adi anya dhAtusUtroM ke samAna ina sUtroM kI bhI vyAkhyA karate haiN| isase spaSTa hai ki ye sUtra bhI pANinIya haiM / artha 2. nirdeza-virahita laghupATha meM ye sUtra nahIM the| yaha 'parimANagrahaNaM ca' (mahA0 113 / 1) vArtika ke bhASya tathA TIkA-granthoM se spaSTa hai| vahAM bhvedhaspardha isa prakAra kevala dhAtuoM kA pATha mAna kara ho vAtikakAra ne vAtika par3hA hai / laghu pATha meM bhI yadi isa prakAra ke sUtra hote, to bhvedhaspardha ke sthAna para bhUdAtta edhaspardha aisA vyavahita pATha 25 hotA / isase vyakta haiM ki pANini ne sUtrapATha meM dhAtu ke anudAtta Adi svarUpoM kA ullekha karate hue dhAtupATha ke vRddha pATha ko hI dhyAna meM rakhA haiN| nAgeza bhaTTa ko bhrAnti-nAgeza ne mahAbhASya meM arthanirdezayukta dhAtusUtroM ke uddharaNa dekhakara likhA hai30 numeti -etatatrAmANyAt keSAMcid dhAtUnAmarthanirdeza-sahito'pi pATha iti vijnyaayte| udyota 113 // 1 //

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAta (2) 63 . nAgeza kI yaha vastuta: bhUla hai| use sambhavataH na to saMskRta vAGamaya ke dvividha-pATha-pravacanazailI kA parijJAna thA, aura na aSTAdhyAyI tathA dhAtupATha ke dvividha-pATha kA hii| ataH jaba vaha bhASya ke ubhayavidha pAThoM kI saMgati na lagA sakA, taba usase ardhajaratIya nyAya se eka hI grantha meM kahI arthanirdeza-virahita pATha svIkAra kiyA, aura 5 kahIM arthnirdeshshit| kyA artha-nirdeza bhImasena kA hai ? auttarakAlika aneka pANinIya vidvAnoM kA kathana haiM ki pANinIya dhAtUpATha meM nirdiSTa artha bhImasena nAmaka kisI vaiyAkaraNa ne pANini ke pazcAt par3he haiM / yathA 1-nAgezabhaTTa kaiyaTa ke 'na cArthapAThaH paricchedakaH, tasyApaNinoyatvAt' vacana kI vyAkhyA karatA huA likhatA hai-bhImasenenetyaitihyam / pradIpodyota 1 // 3 // 1 // arthAt arthanirdeza bhImasena ne par3he haiM, yaha aitihya meM prasiddha haiM / 2-bhaTTojidIkSita ne bhI likhA hai va-'titikSAgrahaNaM jJApakaM bhImasenAdikRto'rthanirdeza udAharaNamAtram / ' zabdakaustubha 1 / 2 / 20 // kha-'na ca yA prApaNe ityAdyarthanirdezo niyAmakaH, tasyApANinIyatvAt / bhImasenAdayo hyartha nididikSuriti smyte|' za0 kau0 1 // 31 // arthAt bhImasena Adi ne artha-nirdeza kiyA hai, aisA paramparA se smaraNa kiyA jAtA hai| 3-dhAtupradIpakAra maitreyarakSita bhI likhatA hai_ 'bahuno'mUn yathA bhImaH proktavAMstadvadAgamAt / ' dhAtupradIpa, pRSTha 1 // 25 arthAt-jaise bhImasena ne inakA pravacana kiyA hai, usI prakAra Agama se| 1. ardha jaratyA: kAmayante ardhaM na / mahAbhASya 41178 // isa para kaiyaTa likhatA hai-mukhaM na kAmayante, aGgAntaraM tu jaratyAH kAmayante / 20

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 4-'umAsvAti' bhASya kA vyAkhyAtA siddhasena gaNI (saM0 700) likhatA hai 'bhImasenAt parato'nyairvaiyAkaraNairarthadvaye'paThito'pi [citi] dhAtuH saMjJAne vizuddhau ca vartate / ' pRSTha 264 / arthAt-bhImasena se paravartI anya vaiyAkaraNoM dvArA citi dhAtu do arthoM meM paThita na hone para bhI saMjJAna aura vizuddhi artha meM vartamAna hai| yadyapi ina pramANoM se yaha pratIta hotA haiM ki dhAtvartha-nirdeza bhImasenaprokta hai, tathApi pUrvanirdiSTa prAcIna sudRr3ha pramANoM dvArA 'dhAtvarthanirdeza pANinIya hai aisA siddha hone para nAgeza bhaTTa Adi ke vacana bhramamUlaka hI haiN| tRtIya aura catutha uddharaNoM meM dhAtvartha-nirdeza bhImasenakRta hai, isakA koI nirdeza nahIM hai| hAM, inase itanA avazya vidita hotA hai ki kisI bhImasena kA pANinIya dhAtupATha ke sAtha kucha viziSTa sambandha hai| nAgeza Adi kI bhrAnti kA kAraNa-bhImasena nAmaka koI vaiyAkaraNa pANinIya dhAtupATha kA vyAkhyAtA thA, yaha hama Age vattikAraprakaraNa meM kheNge| sambhava hai, isI sambandha ke kAraNa dhAtvartha-nirdezaviSayaka pUrvanirdiSTa bhrAnti huI hai| __dUsarI mrAnti-itihAsa se anabhijJa kaI vaiyAkaraNa nAmasAdRzya 20 ke kAraNa dhAtuvRttikAra bhImasena ko pANDuputra samajhate haiM / yaha sarvathA cintya hai / bhagavAn pANini bhArata yuddha se lagabhaga do sau varSa pIche hue, yaha hama isa grantha ke pAMcaveM adhyAya (bhAga 1, pRSTha 205--221 ca0 saM0 ) meM savistAra likha cuke haiM / isalie yaha bhImasena pANDuputra nahIM ho sktaa| dhAtupATha meM arthanirdeza pANinIya hai yaha hama pUrva pRSTha 55--60 taka sapramANa vistAra se likha cuke haiN| kinhI prAcAryoM kA mata hai ki bhvedhasparza rUpa laghupATha kA arthanirdeza hI dhAtupATha para pANini kI vRtti haiN| laghupATha kA uccheda 30 dhAtupATha kA arthanirdeza-virahita jo laghu pATha thA, vaha isa samaya

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2/6 dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (2) 65 upalabdha nahIM hotaa| pratIta hotA hai ki sArtha vRddha dhAtupATha ke paThanapAThana meM vyavahRta hone se laghupATha utsanna (=naSTa) ho gyaa| vRddha pATha kA trividhatva bhAratIya vAGamaya meM bahuta se aise grantha haiM, jinake dezabheda se vividha pATha upalabdha hote haiN| pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke katipaya granthoM 5 kI bhI yahI dazA dekhI jAtI hai / yathA aSTAdhyAyI-pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI ke prAcya, udIcya (pazcimottara), aura dAkSiNAtya tIna prakAra ke pATha upalabdha hote haiN| kAzI meM likhI gaI kAkSikA vRtti aSTAdhyAyI ke jisa pATha kA prAzrayaNa karatI hai, vaha prAcya pATha hai / kSIrasvAmI kSIrataraGgiNI meM / aSTAdhyAyI ke jisa sUtrapATha ko udhata karatA hai, vaha usakA udIcya pATha hai| dAkSiNAtya kAtyAyana' ne jisa sUtrapATha para vArtika likhe haiM, vaha dAkSiNAtya pATha hai / ina tInoM pAThoM meM prAcya pATha vRddha pATha hai, udIcya tathA dAkSiNAtya laghu pATha haiN| ina donoM meM spalpa hI bheda hai| paJcapAdI uNAdi-pANinIya saMpradAya se saMbaddha paJcapAdI 15 uNAdisUtroM ke bhI tIna prakAra ke pATha haiN|' ujjvaladatta Adi kI vRtti jisa pATha para hai, vaha prAcya pATha hai| kSIrasvAmI dvArA kSIrataraGgiNI meM uddhRta pATha udIcya pATha hai / nArAyaNa tathA zvetavanavAsI 1. draSTavya-priyataddhitA dAkSiNAtyAH / mahAbhASya 131, prA0 1 / tathA 10 isI grantha kA AThavAM adhyAya pRSTha 331 (ca0 sN0)| 2. paJcapAdI ke vividha pAThoM kA prathama parijJAna hameM kucha samaya pUrva hI hamA hai| isa viSaya meM 'bhAratIya jJAnapITha kAzI' se prakAzita 'jainendra mahAvRtti' meM 'jainendra vyAkaraNa aura usake khilapATha' zIrSaka hamArA lekha dekheN| paJcapAdI pATha kA bhI mUla koI tripAdI pATha thaa| isa viSaya kA vistAra " mAge 'uNAdi sUtra ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA' nAmaka 24 veM adhyAya meM dekheN| 3. kSIrataraGgiNI kA jaba sampAdana kiyA thA, taba hameM yaha rahasya jJAta nahIM thaa| isalie uNAdisUtroM meM prAcyapATha se jahAM pAThabheda upalabdha huA, vahAM hamane dazapAdI uNAdi ke pate de die / dazapAdI ke bhI do pATha haiN| hamAre

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20 66 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kI vRttiyAM dAkSiNAtya pATha para haiN| inameM bhI prAcya pATha vRddha pATha hai, anya donoM laghu pATha haiM / 25 dhAtupATha ke trividha pATha - isI prakAra sArtha dhAtupATha ke bhI dezabheda se tIna prakAra ke pATha haiN| yathA prAcya pATha - dhAtupATha ke prAgdezIya maitreya prabhRti vyAkhyAtA jisa pATha kI vyAkhyA karate haiM, vaha prAcya pATha hai / nyAsakAra bhI prAcya pATha ko hI uddhRta karatA hai / 10 dAkSiNAtya pATha -- dhAtupATha kA dAkSiNAtya pATha hameM sAkSAt upalabdha nahIM huA hai, parantu dAkSiNAtya pAlyakIrti prAcArya (jana zAkaTAyana - pravaktA) ne pANini ke jisa dhAtupATha kA AzrayaNa karake apane dhAtupATha kA pravacana kiyA, vaha saMbhavataH dAkSiNAtya pATha thA / pAlya kIrti kA ghAtupATha prAcya pATha ke sAtha utanA nahIM milatA, jitanA udIcya pATha ke sAtha / isase anumAna hotA hai, ki jaise aSTAdhyAyI aura paJcapAdI uNAdi ke sUtroM ke udIcya aura dAkSiNAtya pATha samAna hone para bhI kvacit viSamatA rakhate haiM / usI prakAra dhAtupATha ke udIcya aura dAkSiNAtya pATha meM prAyika samAnatA hone para bhI kucha bheda rahA hogaa| 15 dhAtupATha ke pAThoM kA paricAyaka citra udIcya pATha - udIcya kSIrasvAmI prabhRti ne jisa pATha para apanI vRtti likhI hai, vaha udIcya pATha hai / dhAtupATha ke jina vividha pAThoM kA hamane Upara nirdeza kiyA hai, unakA parijJAna nimnAGkita citra se sugamatA se ho jAegA dvArA saMpAdita dazapAdI ke AdhArabhUta hastalekhoM meM 'ka' saMjJaka hastalekha kA pATha kSIrasvAmI ke pATha ke sAtha prAyaH milatA hai / anya hastalekhoM ke pATha paJcapAdI ke dAkSiNAtya pATha ke sAtha samAnatA rakhate haiM / 1. tulanA karo - ' yaSTIkapArazvadhiko yaSTiparazuhetikA' ( amarakoSa 2071 ) para kSIrasvAmI likhatA hai - ' parvadhaH parazau na dRSTa: / ato 'yaSTisvadhitihetiko' iti kAzmIrAH paThanti' / w

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67 dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (2) pANinIya dhAtupATha dhAtvartharahita (laghupATha) dhAtvarthasahita ' (vRddhapATha) prAcya udIcya dAkSiNAtya dhAtupATha kA sAmpratika pATha-samprati pANinIya vaiyAkaraNoM dvArA dhAtupATha kA jo pATha paThana-pAThana meM vyavahRta ho rahA hai, vaha pUrva- 5 nirdiSTa tInoM pAThoM se vilakSaNa hai| yaha pATha prAcArya sAyaNa dvArA pariSkRta hai, yaha hada Age likheMge / pATha kI avyavasthA jo arthanirdezayukta dhAtupATha sasprati upalabdha hai, usameM pAThoM ko mahatI avyavasthA dikhAI detI hai| usameM kinhIM dhAtuoM kA kramavipa- 10 si,kinhIM kA arthaviparyAsa, kinhIM dhAtuoM kA prabhAva aura kinhIM kA Adhikya dekhA jAtA hai / dhAtupATha ke kinhIM bhI do vRttigranthoM kA pATha samAna upalabdha nahIM hotaa| dhAtupATha kI avyavasthA cirakAla ho rahI hai, aura uttarottara isameM vRddhi hotI gaI hai / yathA 1-mahAbhASya 6 / 1 / 6 meM likhA hai'jakSityAdayaH SaT...."na vArthaH parigaNanena AgaNAntamabhyastasaMjJA / ihApi tarhi prApnoti AGaH shaasu...|' arthAt-'jakSityAdayaH SaT (6 / 1 / 6) meM [SaT] parigaNana kI aAvazyakatA nahIM hai / [adAdi] gaNa ke anta taka abhyasta saMjJA ho jaae| aisA hone para yahAM bhI abhyasta saMjJA prApta hogI-pAGaH zAsu icchAyAm / ___ isa bhASyavacana se spaSTa hai ki bhagavAn pataJjali ke kAla meM prAGaH zAsu icchAyAma dhAtu kA pATha vevIGa vetinA talye (kSIrata. 278) ke anantara kahIM para thaa| mahAbhASya ke vyAkhyAtA kaiyaTa ke 15 1 isa prakaraNa kI spaSTatA ke lie bhASya-pradIda 6 / 1 / 6 dekheM /

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kAla meM prAGaH zAsu kA pATha vevIr3a ke Age nahIM thA, yaha usake vyA khyAna se spaSTa hai / nAgeza bhaTTa ne bhI pradopa ke vyAkhyAna meM likhA hai 'nanu jakSityAdibhyaH pUrvameva pAsa upavezane ityanantaramAGaH zAsu iti paThyate / tatkathaM tasyAbhyastasaMjJA syaat| ata Aha-vevIDo5 'nantara [kazcit paThyata] iti / ' arthAt--jakSa dhAtu se pUrva Asa upavezane ke anantara hI prAGaH zAsu kA pATha hai / usa avasthA meM usakI abhyasta saMjJA kaise hogo ? isalie [kayaTa ne]kahA hai-vevI ke anantara kaI loga prAGaH zAsu ko par3hate haiN| 10 isa vya khyAna se spaSTa hai ki AGaH zAsu kA pATha mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali ke kAla meM vevI dhAtu ke anantara thA, parantu kaiyaTa ke kAla meM usakA pATha jakSa dhAtu se pUrva parivartita ho gayA thaa|' 2-jakSityAdayaH SaT (6 / 1 / 6) meM SaT pada na rakhane para adAdi gaNa ke anta taka abhyasta saMjJA kI jo prApti hotI hai, tannimittaka 15 doSoM kA parihAra karate hue mahAbhASyakAra kahate haiM __ 'sivazI chaandsau|' isa para kaiyaTa likhatA hai 'Sasa zasti svapne iti ye na paThanti, kevalaM Sasa svapne, vaza kAntau iti tanmatenaiduktam / 20 arthAt-jo loga 'Sasa zasti svapne' aisA pATha nahIM par3hate, kevala Sasa svapne, vaza kAntau aisA par3hate haiM, unake mata se bhASyakAra ne ukta vavana kahA hai| isa vyAkhyA se pratIta hotA hai ki kaiyaTa ke kAla meM isa prakaraNa kA do prakAra kA pATha thaa| kSIrasvAmI ne kSIrataraGgiNI meM Sasa svapne, 25 vaza kAntau (2 / 81,82) pATha mAnA hai, aura maitreyarakSita ne dhAtupradIpa meM Sasa sasti svapne, vaza kAntau pATha kA vyAkhyAna kiyA hai| -yati 1. bhASyakAra ne anya sampradAya ke ghAtupATha ko dRSTi meM rakhakara abhyastasaMjJAviSayaka doSa tathA usakA parihAra likhA ho, aisA bhI sambhava ho sakatA hai| hamane to kayaTa kI vyAkhyAnusAra yahAM pAThabhraMzadoSa darzAyA haiN|

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (2) 66 3-kSorasvAmI dhAtupATha ke pAThabhrazaM se khinnamanA hokara likhatA hai / ... 'pAThe'rthe cAgamabhraMzAnmahatAmapi mohataH / na vidmaH kinnu jahImaH kiM vAtrAdadhmahe vayam // ' kSIrataraGgiNI, curAdigaNa ke anta meN| 5 arthAt-pATha aura artha-nirdeza meM paramparA ke bhraSTa ho jAne se bahujJoM ke bhI mohita hone se hama nahIM jAnate ki kisa pATha ko chor3eM, athavA kisako grahaNa kreN| 4-dhAtuvRttikAra sAyaNa aneka sthAnoM para likhatA hai ka-iha kecid dhR dhAraNe iti paThanti, so'naarssH..........| 10 asmAbhistu maitreyAdyanurodhena harateranantaraM ptthitvaa'ymudaahRtH|' dhAtuvRtti pRSTha 184 arthAt -yahAM para kaI vyAkhyAtA dhR dhAraNe dhAtu par3hate hai, vaha pATha anArSa hai|......"hmne maitreya Adi ke anurodha se jit prakaraNa meM hama haraNe ke anantara par3ha kara udAharaNa die haiM / kha-gAGgatau gApoSTaka ityatra nyAsapadamajorayaM dhAturAdAdika iti sthitama / zapi pAThe prayojanaM nAsti / asmAbhistu kvApyayaM paThitavya iti maitreyAdyanusAreNeha paThitaH / dhAtuvRtti pRSTha 185 / ___ arthAt-gAG gatau..... 'gApoSTaka' (aSTA0 3 / 2 / 8) sUtra para 20 nyAsa aura padamajarI meM yaha dhAtu adAdigaNa kI mAnI hai| zapavikaraNa ( bhvAdi ) meM pATha kA koI prayojana nahIM hai| hamane ise kahIM bhI par3hanA cAhie, yaha mAnakara maitreya Adi ke anusAra yahAM (bhvAdi meM) par3hA hai / ga* Saca samavAyeevaM ca nyAsakArAdInAM bahUnAmabhimatatvAdayaM 25 dhAturasmAbhiH paThita: / dhAtuvRtti pRSTha 202 / arthAt-Saca samavAye....'isa prakAra nyAsakAra Adi bahuta se vyAkhyAkAroM se svIkRta hone se isa dhAtu ko hamane par3hA hai| 1. kAzI saMskaraNa meM yahAM pATha azuddha hai|

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa gha - yathA tu bhASyavRttinyAsapadamaJjaryAdiSu tathAyaM dhAturnati pratIyata iti jIryatAvupapAditam / Atreya maitreya puruSakArAdiSu darzanA - dihAsmAbhilikhitam / dhAtuvRtti pRSTha 366 / / 70 prarthAt - jaisA bhASya, vRtti ( kAzikA ), nyAsa, padamaJjarI 5 Adi meM ullekha hai, tadanusAra yaha dhAtu nahIM hai, aisA pratIta hotA hai, yaha hamane jIryati ( juS vayohAnau divAdi ) dhAtu para likhA hai / Atreya, maitreya, puruSakAra Adi ke granthoM meM dikhAI par3ane se hamane ise yahAM ( krayAdi gaNa meM) likhA hai / Ga - ete paJcadaza svAmikAzyapAnusAreNa likhyante / dhAtuvRtti 10 pRSTha 263 arthAt - ye pandraha dhAtueM hamane [ kSIra ] svAmI kAzyapa Adi ke anusAra likhI haiM / ca - tatrAdyau bRhizca maMtreyAnurodhenAsmAbhirdaNDa ke paThitaH / dhAtuvRtti pRSTha 393 / 15 arthAt - prArambhika (do - paTa, puTa ) tathA vRhi ye tIna dhAtueM maitreya Adi ke anurodha se hamane isa daNDaka ( = paTa puTa luTa Adi ) meM par3hI haiM / cha -- yadyapi maitreyeNAditastraya idita ukhivakhimakhayaH mUrdhanyAdi - khiranidita ikhizca na paThyate, tathApi itarAne kavyAkhyAtRNAM 20 prAmANyAdasmAbhiH paThitaH / dhAtuvRtti pRSTha 456 / arthAt - yadyapi maitreya ne prArambha kI tIna idit ukhi vakhi makhi, mUrdhanyAdi nakhi, pranidita ikha nahIM par3hI, punarapi anya aneka vyAkhyAtAoM ke anurodha se inheM hamane par3hA hai / ja - DukRJ karaNe iti bhUvAdau paThyate / anena prakAreNAsmAbhirdhAtuvRttAvayaM dhAturnirAkRtaH / RgbhASya 11821 // arthAt - DukRJ karaNe ise bhUvAdi meM par3hate haiN| ..... isa prakAra hamane dhAtuvRtti meM isa dhAtu kA pATha haTA diyA haiM / ' 1. dhAtuvRtti meM 'ghRn dhAraNe' dhAtu ke vyAkhyAna ke anantara 'pratra kecit Adi likhA hai ( dra0 pRSTha kRJ karaNe ghAtu paThanti tadanArSam ' ......

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (2) 71 5- mahAbhASya 1 / 3 / 1 meM likhA hai 'IDi: stuticodanAyAcyAsu dRssttH|' arthAt-IDa dhAtu stuti codanA aura yAcyA arthoM meM dekhI (par3hI) gaI hai| samprati dhAtupATha meM IDa dhAtu kA stuti artha hI upalabdha hotA 5 hai, codanA aura yAcyA artha upalabdha nahIM hote| ina pramANoM se spaSTa hai ki pANinIya dhAtupATha meM cirakAla se pATha kI avyavasthA athavA viparyAsa prArambha ho gayA thaa| sAyaNa ne to dhAtupATha meM bar3I svacchandatA se pATha parivartana-parivardhana tathA niSkAsana kArya kiyA hai, yaha sAyaNa ke pUrva uddharaNoM se vyakta hai| 10 sAmpatika pATha sAyaNa-pariSkRta hai pANinIya vaiyAkaraNoM meM dhAtupATha kA jo pATha paThanapAThana meM vyavahRta ho rahA hai, vaha prAcIna ArSapATha nahIM hai| apitu vividha granthoM ke sAhAyya se sAyaNa dvArA pariSkRta pATha hai / sAyaNa ne isa pariSkAra meM ati svacchandatA se kArya kiyA hai, yaha pUrva uddharaNoM se 15 sarvathA vispaSTa hai| ___ sAyaNa ke pazcAt bhaTToji dIkSita ne bhI dhAtupATha meM kucha pariSkAra kiyA hai| dIkSitaviracita 'vedasAra" grantha ke sampAdaka ne bhUmikA meM dIkSitaviracita 34 granthoM kA ullekha kiyA hai, unameM 'dhAtupAThanirNaya' kA nAma bhI milatA hai| yaha grantha hameM upalabdha nahIM 20 huaa| sAyaNa aura dIkSita dvArA pariSkRta dhAtupATha hI samprati pANini-prokta samajhA jAtA hai| parantu sAyaNa dvArA tantrAntaraprasiddha pacAsoM dhAtuoM ke prakSepa aura svazAstrapaThita bahuta sI dhAtuoM ke parityAga ke kAraNa yaha 'pANinIya' pada se vyavaharttavya nahIM hai| 25 bhUyasA vyapadezaH nyAya se ise sAyaNIya pATha kahanA hI yukta hai| 163) usakI ora yaha saMketa hai| sAyaNAcArya ne RgbhASya meM aneka sthAnoM para dhAtuvRtti kA nirdeza kiyA hai| yathA--1 / 42 / 7; 1 / 51 / 8 // pAdi aadi| 1. usmAniyA vi0 vi0 haidarAbAda se prakAzita /

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ___ bhoTaliGgIya pATha-samprati pAzcAtya vidvAnoM tathA unake anuyAyiyoM dvArA dhAtapATha kA jo pATha prAmANika mAnA jAtA hai, vaha jarmanadezIya bhoTaliGga dvArA saMgRhIta athavA pariSkRta hai| use bhI pANinIya kahanA anucita hai| isa pATha meM bhoTaliGga ne vinA vizeSa vicAra ke tantrAntaraprasiddha prAyaH sabhI dhAtuoM kA saMgraha kara diyA hai| ataH bhoTaliGga kA pATha to sAyaNa ke pATha se bhI adhika bhraSTa aura pramANarahita hai / saMhitA pATha kA prAmANya prAyaH sabhI prAcIna ArSa granthoM kA mantrasaMhitA ke samAna 10 saMhitApATha hI prAmANika mAnA jAtA hai| bhagavAna pataJjali Adi AcAryoM ne aSTAdhyAyI ke saMhitApATha ko ho prAmANika mAnA hai| yathA___ka-kutaH punariyaM vicAraNA ? ubhayathA hi tulyA saMhitA-'sthAne ntaratama uraNa raparaH' iti / mahA0 1 // 1 // 50 // . arthAt-- ukta vicAra kaise utpanna huA ? [uttara] donoM prakAra se saMhitA tulya hai-sthAnentaratama uraNa rapara / arthAt isa saMhitApATha kA sthAnentaratamaH tathA sthAnentaratame donoM prakAra se viccheda ho sakatA hai| kha-naivaM vijJAyate-kaJkvarapo yAzceti / kathaM tahi? kakvara20 po'yazceti / mahA 4 / 1 / 1 / 16 / / arthAt-isa prakAra kA sUtraccheda nahIM hai - kakvarapaH-yatrazca, api tu kaJkvarapaH-ayatrazca / kyoMki saMhitA ubhayathA tulya hI hai-- kaJkvarapoyatrazca / isI prakAra dhAtupATha meM bhI dhAtusUtroM kA saMhitApATha hI prAmA25 Nika mAnA jAtA hai / isIlie dhAtasUtroM ke viccheda meM vRttikAroM kA bahuta matabheda upalabdha hotA hai / yathA-- ka-tapaaizvaryevAvRtuvaraNe / ' 1. isake viSaya meM kSIrataraGgiNI 4 / 48, 46; dhAtupradIpa (pRSTha 63), puruSakAra (pRSTha 85) mAdhavIyA ghAtuvRtti (pRSTha 293) draSTavya haiN|

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2/10 dhAtupATha ke pracaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (2) 73 kha-patagatauvApazAnupasargAt / ' ina sUtroM ke viccheda ke viSaya meM jo matabheda hai, usakA nirdeza hama pUrva 'artha-nirdeza pANinIya hai' prakaraNa meM pRSTha 58 para cuke haiN| kha pATha ke viSaya meM sAyaNa likhatA hai'atra svAmI saMhitAyAM dhAtupAThAd vAzabdamuttaradhAtuzeSaM vaSTi / ' 5 dhAtuvRtti pRSTha 360 / arthAt-yahA~ kSIrasvAmI dhAtupATha ke saMhitA meM hone se vA zabda ko uttara dhAtu kA zeSa mAnatA haiN| ga-pANinIya tathA tatpUrvavartI dhAtupAThoM meM eka sUtra hai rAdAne / kSIrata0 2 // 50 // yAska ne apsarA pada ke nirvacana meM isa sUtra ke rA dAne, rA prAdAne ubhayathA viccheda ko mAnakara dAna aura AdAna arthoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai| yathA 'apsarA 'apsa iti rUpanAma ......"tadanayA''ttamiti vA, tadasya dattamiti vA / nirukta 5 / 13 / / arthAt-apsarA apsa nAma rUpa kA hai...."usa rUpa ko isane Atta (=grahaNa) kiyA hai, athavA use isake lie diyA hai / yahAM spaSTa hI yAska ne saMhitA pATha ko prAmANika mAnakara rA dAne, rA prAdAne ubhayathA viccheda svIkAra kiyA hai| ubhayathA sUtra-viccheda pANinIya hai dhAtupATha ke saMhitApATha ko prAmANika mAnakara vRttikAroM ne jo vividha prakAra kA sUtra-viccheda darzAyA hai vaha pANinIya hai, aisA vaiyAkaraNoM kA mata hai / isIlie tapaaizvaryevAvRtuvaraNe sUtra para sAyaNa likhatA hai prasyAkaM tUbhayamapi pramANam, prAcAryeNobhayathA ziSyANAM prati- 2 pAdanAt / dhAtuvRtti pRSTha 263 / 1. isake viSaya meM kSIrataraGgiNI 10 / 246,250; mAdhavIyA dhAtuvRtti (pRSTha 367 ) draSTavya haiN|

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa arthAt-hameM to donoM prakAra kA sUtra-viccheda pramANa haiM / kyoMki AcArya (pANini) ne donoM prakAra se ziSyoM ko par3hAyA thaa| isakA bhAva yaha hai ki pANini ne dhAtupATha kA pravacana karate samaya kinhIM ziSyoM ko tapa aizvarye vA, vRtu varaNe isa prakAra viccheda karake par3hAyA thA, aura kinhIM ko tapa aizvarye, vAvRtu varaNe isa prkaar| dhAtupATha viziSTa svara-yukta jisa prakAra dhAtupATha se anunAsika cihna naSTa ho gae, usI prakAra dhAtuoM ke udAtta, anudAtta nirdezaka cihna bhI samApta ho ge| 10 pUrvakAla meM iDvidhAna ke lie jina dhAtuoM kA udAttatva iSTa thA ve udAtta par3hI gaI thIM aura jinase iDAgama iSTa nahIM thA unheM anudAtta par3hA thaa| tathA usI kA nirdeza pANini ne ekAca upadeze anudAttAt (7 / 2 / 10) Adi sUtroM meM kiyA thaa| isI prakAra itsaMjJA viziSTa ac bhI koI udAtta par3he gae the, to koI anudAtta aura 15 koI svarita / inhIM kA nirdeza pANini ne anudAttaGita prAtmanepadam / 1 / 3 / 12 // svaritabhitaH kaJabhiprAye kriyAphale / 1 / 3 / 72 // Adi sUtroM meM kiyA hai / isI lie dhAtupATha ke vyAkhyAkAroM ne bhI likhA haiM 'ata eva curAdibhUtAn svarAnvitAn nAkarot / ' (kSIrata0 10 / 1311) arthAt-isIlie carAdi dhAtuoM ko svarayukta nahIM par3hA hai| yahI bAta kSIrasvAmI se pUrvavartI kAzyapa ne likhI haikAryAbhAvAdekazrutyA paThyante iti / ' dra0-dhAtuvRtti pRSTha 370 / arthAt-svaranirdeza kA kArya na hone se curAdiyoM ko ekazruti se par3hA hai| ina uddharaNoM se pratIta hotA hai ki zeSa 6 gaNastha dhAtueM kisI samaya viziSTa svaroM se yukta par3hI gaI thiiN|

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (2) 75 pANinIya dhAtupATha kA Azraya prAcIna dhAtupATha dhAtupATha pANini kA prokta grantha haiM, kRta nhiiN| prokta granthoM meM pravaktA pUrva granthoM se upayogI aMzo ko zabdataH aura arthataH saMgraha kiyA karatA hai / grantha kI sampUrNa varNAnupUrvI pravaktA kI apanI nahIM hotI, yaha hama pUrva kaha cake haiN| isalie jisa prakAra pANini ne prAyaH 5 prAcIna prAcAryoM ke sUtroM ko hI grahaNa karake apane zabdAnuzAsana kA pravacana kiyA, usI prakAra dhAtupATha meM bhI prAyaH prAcIna AcAryoM ke dhAtusUtroM kA hI AzrayaNa kiyA, isameM lezamAtra bhI sandeha kA avasara nahIM hai| yathA 1-jisa prakAra aSTAdhyAyI ke sUtra pANini se pUrvavartI prApi- 10 zali, kAzakRtsna, bhAguri Adi ke sUtroM se milate haiM, aura jisa prakAra pANinIya zikSA prApizala zikSA se milatI hai, usI prakAra pANini ke dhAtusUtra bhI kramavaiparItya hone para bhI kAzakRtsnoya dhAtusUtroM se prAyaH akSarazaH milate haiN| 2-jisa prakAra aSTAdhyAyI meM yatra tatra prAcIna zlokabaddha sUtroM " kA sadbhAva upalabdha hotA hai, usI prakAra pANinIya ghAtoM meM bhI kinhIM prAcIna chandobaddha dhAtusUtroM kA sadbhAva milatA haiM / yathAka-bhvAdi meM eka dhAtusUtra haicate cade ca yAcane / kSIrata0 1608 // lAja lAji ca bhartsane / dhAtupradIpa, pRSTha 25 // ina sUtroM meM cakAra asthAna meM paThita hai| prathamasUtra meM paThita cakAra paribhASaNa artha ke samuccaya ke lie hai| ataH sUtrapATha honA 1. yathA-pakSimatsyamRgAn hanti, paripanthaM ca tiSThati' (4 / 4 / 35, 36) anuSTup ke do caraNa / 'vRddhirAdaijadeGguNaH' (1 / 1 / 1, 2 ) anuSTup 25 kA eka caraNaM / vizeSa isI grantha ke pAMcaveM adhyAya meM pRSTha 250, 251 / 2. dhAtupradIpa meM mudrita pATha 'lAja lAji bharsane ca' chapA hai, vaha prazuddha hai / kyoki isa pATha meM cakAra bhinnakrama nahIM hai yathAsthAna hI hai| maMtreya rakSita vyAkhyA karatA huA likhatA hai- 'cakAro bhinnakramaH; / yaha nirdeza upari nirdiSTa pATha kI ora hI saMketa karatA hai|

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa cAhie thA cate cade yAcane ca / dUsare sUtra meM cakAra bharjana ke samuccaya ke lie hai| ataH yahAM bhI 'lAja lAji bhartsane ca' sUtrapATha honA cAhie thA / ataeva isa para maitreyarakSita likhatA hai-cakAro bhinnakramaH / yahAM donoM dhAtusUtroM meM prasthAna meM cakAra kA pATha chando'nurodha se hai| aSTAdhyAyI 4 / 4 / 36 ke paripanthaM ca tiSThati sUtra meM bhI cakAra kA prasthAna meM pATha chando'nurodha se hI hai| isa tulanA se spaSTa hai ki jisa prakAra aSTAdhyAyI kA paripanthaM ca tiSThati sUtra tathA tatpUrvavartI sUtra prAcIna zlokabaddha zabdAnuzAsana se saMgrahIta haiM, usI prakAra cate cade ca yAcane aura lAja lAji ca bhartsane dhAtusUtra bhI kisI prAcIna zlokabaddha dhAtupATha se saMgRhIta hai| kSIrasvAmI kA bhrama-kSIrasvAmI ne isa tathya ko na jAnakara isa sUtra para likhA hai ki cakAra pUrvapaThita reTra dhAtu ke samuccaya ke lie hai arthAt reTTa ke paribhASaNa aura yAcana donoM artha haiN| kSIrasvAmI 15 kA yaha vyAkhyAna ayukta hai / kyoMki sampUrNa dhAtupATha meM anyatra kahIM para bhI pUrva dhAtu ke samuccaya ke lie cakAra kA nirdaza upalabdha nahIM hotaa| hemacandra dvArA kSIrasvAmI kA anusaraNa-prAcArya hemacandra ne apane dhAtupArAyaNa meM kSIrasvAmI kA anusaraNa karake reTaga pari20 bhASaNayAcanayoH (1897) meM reTTa ke paribhASaNa aura yAcana donoM arthoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai| yaha bhI dhyAna rahe ki cate cade ca yAcane yaha kSIrasvAmI kA pATha hai| maitreya cakAra nahIM pddh'taa| sAyaNa ne yAcane ca aisA pAThaviparyAsa kiyA hai / usase vidita hotA hai ki vaha pUrva pATha meM cakAra ko paribhASaNa artha ke samuccaya ke lie hI mAnatA hai| adhyetAoM ko bhrama na ho, isalie usane cakAra ko yathAsthAna rakha diyA / kha-svAdigaNa meM pATha haiSTigha pAskandane, udAttAvanudAttettau, tika tiga ca, Sagha hiMsAyAm / kSIrata0 5 / 22-25 // 30 yahAM kSIrasvAmI aura maitreya ne cakAra ko pUrvapaThita prAskandana

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (2) 77 artha kA samuccAyaka mAnA hai| parantu udAttAvanudAttettau sUtra kA vyavadhAna hone para cakAra pUrvapaThita pAskandana artha kA samuccaya kaise karegA, yaha vRttikAroM ne spaSTa nahIM kiyA / kAzakRtsna, kAtantra, haima, zAkaTAyana ke dhAtupAThoM meM tika tiga dhAtuoM kA kevala hiMsA artha hI likhA hai, prAskandana nahIM / itanA hI nahIM, Sagha hiMsAyAm (5 / 25) 5 sUtra para kSIrasvAmI ne likhA hai tika tiga caSagha hiMsAyAm ityeke cssghnoti| isase spaSTa hotA hai ki chanda:pUrtyartha par3he gae cakAra kA vAstavika prayojana na jAnakara kisI vRttikAra ne use prAskandana artha kA samuccAyaka mAna liyA, to anya ne use dhatvavayava banAkara caSagha dhAtu 10 kI kalpanA kara lii| vastutaH yahAM STigha pAskandane tika, tiga ca Sagha hiMsAyAm isa prakAra anuSTup ke do caraNa kisI prAcIna zlokabaddha dhAtupATha meM the| pANini ne unheM yathAvat grahaNa karake madhya meM udAttAvanadAttetau sUtra aura jor3a diyA / isa avasthA meM cakAra anarthaka 15 ho gyaa| ga-curAdigaNa meM eka sUtra hai upasargAcya daiye / kSIrata0 10 / 226 // yahAM kSIrasvAmI ne cakAraM bhinnakramamAhuH likhakara jJApita kiyA hai ki vAstavika sUtrapATha upasargAd daiye ca honA caahie| hamArA 20 vicAra to yahI hai ki yahAM para bhI cakAra kA prasthAna meM pATha chando'nurodha se hI hai| gha-curAdigaNa ke kucha sUtra haiMraca pratiyatne, kala gatau saMkhyAne ca, caha kalkane, maha pUjAyAma, zAra kRpa zratha daurbalye / kSIrata0 10 / 252-256 / / inheM Apa isa rUpa meM par3hie raca pratiyatne kala, gatau saMkhyAne ca caha / kalkane maha pUjAyAma, zAra kRpa zratha daurbalye // yaha pUrA yathAzruta bhurika (ekAkSara adhika) anuSdup zloka hai / 25

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78 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ___ ina pramANoM se spaSTa hai ki pANini se pUrva koI chandobaddha dhAtupATha bhI vidyamAna thaa| usake hI katipaya aMza pANini ke dhAtUpATha meM surakSita dikhAI dete haiN| 3-pANinIya dhAtupATha meM bahutra prakaraNavirodha upalabdha hotA 5 hai| yathA ka-udAtta cavargAnta dhAtuoM meM anudAtta ikArAnta kSi dhAtu kA pATha upalabdha hotA hai| dra0-kSIrata0 1 / 146 / / kha-udAtta antasthAnta dhAtuoM meM anudAtta ikArAnta ji dhAtu kA pATha milatA hai / dra0-kSIrata0 13174 // 10 ga-uSmAnta dhAtuoM meM vAnta (antasthAnta) kava dhAtu kA pATha dekhA jAtA hai / dra0-kSorata0 11476 / / yaha prakaraNavirodha pUrvAcAryoM ke anurodha ke kAraNa hai, aisA prAcIna vRttikAra kahate haiM / isI kAraNa kSi kSaye (kSIrata0 1 / 146) dhAtu ke vyAkhyAna meM kSIrasvAmI vakSyati ca likhakara kisI prAcIna vyAkhyo15 kAra kA zloka uddhRta karatA hai pAThamadhye'nudAttAnAmudAttaH kathitaH kvacit // anudAtto'pyudAttAnAM pUrveSAmanurodhataH // arthAt-pANinIya dhAtupATha meM kahIM-kahIM anudAttoM ke madhya udAtta aura udAttoM ke madhya anudAtta dhAtuoM kA jo pATha upalabdha hotA hai, vaha pUrvAcAryoM ke anurodha se hai| yaha bhI dhyAna rahe ki kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha meM bhI cavargAnta udAtta dhAtuoM ke madhya ikArAnta anudAtta kSi dhAtu kA pATha upalabdha hotA hai| ina pramANoM se spaSTa hai ki pANini ne apane ghAtupATha ke pravacana / meM pUrvAcAryoM ke dhAtupATha kA paryApta Azraya liyA hai| pANinIya dhAtupATha daNDakapATha kahAtA hai| zlokabaddha dhAtupATha pANini ne pUrva kisI prAcArya kA zlokabaddha dhAtupATha bhI vidya 1. dra0 'vRtu vRdhu bhASArthA ityante daNDakadhAtupAThe .....' / puruSakAra, pRSTha 30 40 / 'kavikAmadhenukArazca daNDakadhAtupAThameva... - / ' puruSakAra, pRSTha 41 /

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (2) 76 mAna thA, yaha hama Upara darzA cuke haiN| arvAcIna granthoM meM bhI zlokabaddha dhAtupATha ke kucha vacana upalabdha hote haiM / yathA 1-tathA ca 'pUrI prApyAyane SvadAsvAda' iti zlokadhAtupAThaH / puruSakAra pRSTha 40 / 2-yatta zlokadhAtupAThe 'phakka nIcairgatau takka marSaNe bukka bhaSaNe 5 iti dvikakArastakiH / puruSakAra pRSTha 42 / ___3-tathA ca zlokadhAtupATha:-'juDa preraNavAcI zuThAlasye gaja mArja ca / zabdArthe paci vistAreM' iti / puruSakAra pRSTha 45 / __4-tathA ca 'gudha ruSi mRda saMkSode mRDa sukhArthe ca kuntha saMzleSe' iti zlokadhAtupAThe / puruSakAra pRSTha 66 / 5-zlokadhAtupAThaH-yata upasa skAranirAkArthaH sa nirazca dhAnyadhanavAcI iti / puruSakAra pRSTha 70 / 6-'viza mRza Nuda pravezAmarzakSepeSu Sadla vizaraNArthaH' iti ca zlokadhAtukAraH / puruSakAra pRSTha 76 / 7-tathA ca tava pata aizvarye vAvRtu vartane kAsR dIptyarthe iti 15 zlokadhAtukAraH / devarAjayajvA, nighaNTuvyAkhyA 2 / 11 / 2 / / ina pramANoM se spaSTa hai ki puruSakAra ke racayitA kRSNa lIlAzuka muni aura devarAja yajvA ke kAla meM bhI koI zlokabaddha dhAtupATha vidyamAna thaa| dhAtupATha se saMbaddha anya grantha dhAtupATha se saMmbaddha katipaya anya grantha bhI upalabdha hote hai| unameM adhikatara granthoM kA sambandha pANinIya dhAtupATha se pratIta hotA hai| ataH hama unakA nirdeza pANinIya dhAtupATha ke prasaGga meM hI karate haiM 20 25 1. yaha tathA Age kI pRSTha saMkhyA puruSakAra ke hamAre saMskaraNa kI hai| 2. yahAM 'tapa' pATha honA caahie| 3. yaha pATha satyavrata sAmazramI ke saMskaraNa meM truTita hai| hamane yaha pATha apane mitra paM0 zucivrata jI zAstrI dvArA sampAdita nighaNTuvyAkhyA se liyA hai| zAstrI jI ne aneka hastalekhoM ke AdhAra para isa mahattvapUrNa grantha kA mahAn parizrama se sampAdana kiyA hai / abhI yaha prakAzita nahIM humA / 30

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saMskRta-vyAkaraNa zAstra kA itihAsa 1 - zrAkhyAta nighaNTu - isa grantha ke tIna uddharaNa kRSNa lIlAzuka muni ne apane daiva vyAkhyAna puruSakAra meM diye haiM 'snAti snAyatyAplavate' iti cAkhyAta nighaNTuH / pRSTha 20 / tathA cANyAta nighaNTu : - ' yatne preSe nirAkAre yAtayedapyupaskRtau 5 iti / pRSTha 70 / 1 'kRntatya coTayadacuNThayadacchuracca' ityAkhyAta nighaNTuzca / pRSTha 94 / kRSNa lIlAzukamuni kA kAla vikrama kI terahavIM zatI kA uttarArdha hai / yaha hama isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM bhojIya sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa vyAkaraNa ke prasaMga meM sapramANa likha cuke haiM / ataH 'kriyA10 nighaNTu' 13 zatI se prAcIna hai, yaha suvyakta hai / isake granthakartA kA nAma Adi kucha jJAta nahIM hai / 50 2 - zrAkhyAtacandrikA- - isa grantha kA kartA bhaTTamalla hai / bhaTTamalla ko mallinAtha ne apanI naiSadhavyAkhyA ( 4184 ) meM uddhRta kiyA hai / ataH bhaTTamalla mallinAtha se prAcIna hai, itanA hI kahA jA sakatA hai / mallinAtha ne naiSadha 1 / 11 ko vyAkhyA meM sAhityadarpaNa 1046 ko uddhRta kiyA hai / sAhityadarpaNa kA kAla vi0 saM0 1363 ke AsapAsa hai / ' 15 20 'AkhyAtacandrikA' ke sampAdaka veGkaTa raGganAtha svAmI ne likhA hai ki amarakoSa kI sarvAnanda viracita TokAsarvasva vyAkhyA meM AkhyAtacandrikA uddhRta haiM / yadi sampAdaka kA yaha lekha yukta ho ( hameM uktavacana upalabdha nahIM huA) to nizcaya hI bhaTTamala vi0 saM0 1225 se prAcIna hogA / kSIrasvAmI ne viTa Akroze ( kSIrata0 1 / 316 ) dhAtusUtra ke vyAkhyAna meM eka malla nAmaka vidvAn ko uddhRta kiyA hai 25 'zrata eva viTa zabde piTa zrAkroze iti mallaH paryaTTakAntare vibhaGgyAha / ' yaha malla prakhyAta candrikA ke racayitA bhaTTamalla se bhinna vyakti hai athavA abhinna, inameM se koI pramANa hameM upalabdha nahIM huA / 1. dra0 - kanhaiyAlAla poddAra likhita 'saMskRta sAhitya kA itihAsa 30 bhAga 1, pRSTha 273 /

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2/11 dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (2) 81 veGkaTa raGganAtha svAmI ne prAkhyAtacandrikA kI bhUmikA meM AkhyAtoM ke arthabodhaka nimna (3-6) granthoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai 3-kavirahasya-yaha halAyudha kI kRti hai| halAyudha kA kAla vi0 saM0 1230-1260 taka mAnA jAtA haiN| 4-kriyAkalApa-isakA racayitA vijayAnanda hai / kahIM kahIM 5 vidyAnanda nAma bhI milatA hai| isakA kAla Adi ajJAta hai| 5-kriyAparyAyadopikA-isakA racayitA vIra pANDya hai / isakA kAla Adi bhI ajJAta hai| 6-kriyAkoza-isakA racayitA vizvanAtha-sUnu rAmacandra hai|' viziSTa pramANa ke abhAva meM isakA kAlanirNaya bhI abhI nahIM ho 10 sktaa| yaha grantha jaina prabhAkara yantrAlaya (kAzI) meM chapA thaa| yaha bhaTTamallakRta prAkhyAtacandrikA kA saMkSepa hai / 7-prayuktAkhyAtamaJjarI-isakA racayitA kavi sAraGga hai| 8-kriyAratnasamuccaya-isa grantha kA racayitA guNaratna sUri hai| yaha grantha haima dhAtupATha kA vyAkhyArUpa hai / ataH isakA varNana hama haima 15 dhAtupATha ke prakaraNa meM kreNge| 6-dhAturUpabheda-yaha kRti dazavala athavA varadarAja kI hai| 10-dhAtusaMgraha-isa grantha kA nirdeza jagaddhara ne mAlavImAdhava 1 / 17 kI TIkA meM kiyA haiabhisandhirvaJcanArtha iti dhAtusaMgrahaH / jagaddhara kA kAla vi0 saM0 1350 hai / ataH dhAtusaMgraha usase pUrvavartI hai, itanA hI nizcita rUpa se kahA jA sakatA hai| 11-dhAtukoza -ghanazyAmakRta / isakA eka hastalekha sarasvatI mahala tajaura ke pustakAlaya meM hai| dra0 janarala Apha dI tajaura VOL. XXVI. No. 1, san 1973 / 25 1. iti vizvanAthasUnurAmacandraviracite kriyAkoze dvitIyaM kANDaM smaaptm| 2. kriyAkozaM bhaTTamallo thadyapImaM vyadadhAt puraa| tathApi teSu saMcitya kriyA bhUriprayogiNIH / kozo'yamatisaMkSipto vyadadhAd bAlabuddhaye / 10 na

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 12 - zroSThyakArikA - isameM kevala 6 kArikAeM haiN| inameM pavargIya 'ba' varNavAlo dhAtutroM kA saMgraha hai / vastutaH ina kArikAzroM meM samasta 'ba' varNavAlI dhAtuoM kA saMgraha nahIM hai, kyoMki dhAtupATha meM ina se bhinna bhI bahuta-sI bakAra vAlI dhAtueM dekhI jAtI haiM / ' ataH sambhava hai ki ina kArikAoM kA sambandha kisI ajJAta saMkSipta dhAtu pATha ke sAtha ho / amaraTIkA - sarvasvakAra ne apane vyAkhyAna meM ( bhAga 1 pRSTha 7 ) ise uddhRta kiyA hai / ataH yaha vi0 saM0 1225 se prAcIna avazya hai / 5 ina kArikAoM ke racayitA kA nAma Adi ajJAta hai | 82 10 13 - aniT - kArikA - yaha grantha AcArya vyAghrabhUti kA mAnA jAtA hai / ' AcArya vyAghrabhUti prati prAcIna vyakti hai| vaha nizcaya hI 2800 vikramapUrva se pUrvavartI hai| paM0 gurupada hAladAra ne ise pANini kA sAkSAt ziSya likhA hai / isameM pramANa anveSaNIya hai / ina kArikAoM meM kauna sI dhAtu aniT athavA seT hai, kA parigaNana kiyA hai / vAmana ne kAzikAvRtti 7 / 2110 meM ina kArikAoM kI vyAkhyA kI hai / 15 dhAtupATha ke vyAkhyAtA bhagavAn pANini ke dhAtupravacanakAla se lekara adya yAvat aneka prAcAryoM ne pANinIya dhAtupATha ke dhyAkhyAna likhe, isa meM koI sandeha 20 nahIM / kintu unameM se katipaya vyAkhyAgrantha hI samprati jJAta athavA upalabdha haiM / bahutoM ke to nAma bhI karAlakAla ke gahvara meM vilIna ho ge| hama yahAM una dhAtuvRttikAroM kA varNana kareMge, jinake nAma athavA grantha parijJAta haiM / 1. dra0 amarIkA sarvasya bhAga 1, pRSTha 8 - arba parba barba karba kharba garna marba sarva ca gatau ityayamapi bhImasenena pavargAntaprakaraNe paThita: / mudrita grantha arva parva Adi antastha vakAravAn pATha chapA hai, vaha cintya hai / 25 2. yamirvamanteSvaniDeka iSyate iti vyAghrabhUtinA vyAhRtasya / zabdakaustubha 1 / 1 / A0 2, pRSTha 22 / tapiM tipimiti vyAgrabhUtivacanavirodhAcca / dhAtuvRtti pRSTha 82 // 3. vyAkaraNa darzanera itihAsa, pRSTha 444 / 30

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (2) 83 1-pANini bhagavAn pANini ne zabdAnuzAsana kA pravacana karate hue aSTAghyAyI ke sUtroM kI koI vRtti bhI avazya batAI, yaha hama aneka sudRr3ha pramANoM ke AdhAra para isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM aSTAyAyo ke vattikAra prakaraNa meM likha cuke / isI prakAra pANini ne apane dhAtu- 5 pATha kA pravacana karate hue usakI bhI koI vRtti ziSyoM ko avazya par3hAI hogI, yaha anumAna svataH hI utpanna hotA hai| vinA vatti batAe sUtragrantha kA pravacana sarvathA azakya hai| itanA hI nahIM, hamAre anumAna ke upodvalaka aneka pramANa bhI upalabdha hote haiN| yathA 1-jisa prakAra pANini ne aSTAdhyAyI kA pravacana karate samaya 10 kinhIM ziSyoM ko kisI prakAra sUtrapATha vatAyA aura dUsare samaya anya ziSyoM ko dUsarI prakAra kA sUtrapATha btaayaa| tathA kinhIM ziSyoM ko kisI sUtra kI koI vRtti batAI, anyoM ko uso sUtra kI dUsarI prakAra se vRtti smjhaaii| isI prakAra dhAtupATha ke pravacanakAla meM bhI kinhIM ziSyoM ko tapa aizvarye vA, vatu varaNe isa prakAra sUtraviccheda batAyA, 15 anyoM ko dUsare samaya tapa aizvarya, vAvRtu varaNe isa prakAra pddh'aayaa| isI paramparA ko dhyAna meM rakhakara AcArya sAyaNa ne likhA hai| asmAkaM tUbhayamapi pramANaNa ubhayathA ziSyANAM pratipAdanAt / dhAtuvRtti pRSTha 263 / 2-udAtta cAnta dhAtayoM ke prakaraNa meM anudAtta ikArAnta kSi 20 dhAtu ke pATha ke kAraNa kA nirdeza karate hue kSIrasvAmI ne likhA hai 1. ubhayathA hyAcAryeNa ziSyAH sUtraM pratipAditAH / kecidAkaDArAdekA saMjJA, kecit prAkkaDArAt paraM kAryam / mahAbhASya 1 / 4 / 1 // zuGgAzabdaM strIliGgamanye paThanti, tato DhakaM pratyudAharanti zauGga ya iti| dvayamapi caitat pramANamubhayathA sUtrapraNayanAt / kAzikA 4 / 1 / 118 // 25 2. ubhayathA hyAcAryeNa ziSyAH pratipAmitAH, kecid vAkyasya [saMprasArasaMjJA] kecid vargasya / bhartRharikRta mahAbhASya dopikA, pRSTha 372, hamArA hastalekha; pUnA saMska0 pRSTha 270 // sUtrArthadvayamapi caitadAcAryeNa ziSyAH prati. pAditAH, tadubhayamapi grAhyam / kAzikA 5 / 1150 //

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84 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa vakSyati capAThamadhye'nudAttAnAmudAttaH kathitaH kvacit / anudAtto'pyudAttAnAM pUrveSAmanurodhataH // kSIrata0 13 146 // yahAM vakSyati kriyA kA kartA kauna hai, yaha kSIrasvAmI ne vyakta 5 nahIM kiyaa| kSIrasvAmI ke vAkyavinyAsa prakAra se hamArA anumAna hai ki vakSyati kriyA kA kartA bhagavAn pANini hI hai / usane dhAtupATha kA pravacana karake usako vyAkhyA samajhAne ke lie jo vRtti likho hogI, athavA par3hAI hogI, usI meM ukta zloka rahA hogaa| kinhIM prAcAryoM kA mata hai ki dhAtupATha kA artha-nirdeza pANini ne 10 svavRtti meM kiyA thaa| 2-sunAga mahAbhASya meM sonAga vAtika bahutra ptthithaiN|' haradatta ke vacanAnusAra ina vArtikoM kA pravaktA sunAga nAma kA prAcArya hai|' yaha bhagavAn kAtyAyana se arvAcIna hai, aisA kayaTa ke lekha se vyakta 15 hotA hai| prAcArya sunAga ke kAla Adi ke sambandha meM hama isa grantha ke AThaveM adhyAya meM likha cuke haiN| (dra0 aSTAdhyAyI ke vArtikakAra prakaraNa) vArtikoM ke pravacanakartA sunAga ne pANinIya dhAtupATha para bhI koI vyAkhyAna likhA thA, yaha katipaya pramANoM se jAnA jAtA hai| 20 yathA 1- kAzikA meM vibhASA bhAvAdikarmaNoH (7 / 2 / 17) sUtra kI vyAkhyA meM vAmana likhatA hai saunAgAH karmaNi niSThAyAM zakeriTamicchanti vikalpena asyterbhaav| 25 1. mahAbhASya 2 / 2 / 18; 3 / 2 / 56; 4 / 1 / 74, 87; 4 / 3 / 156, 6 / 1 / 95 // 2. sunAgasyAcAryasya ziSyAH saunAgAH / padamaJjarI 7 / 2 / 16; bhAga 2, pRSTha 761 // 3. kAtyAyanAbhiprAyameva pradarzayitu saunAgairvistareNa paThitamityarthaH / bhASyaprapIpa 2 / 2 / 38 //

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAta (2) 85 arthAt-sunAga ke ziSya karma meM prayukta niSThA meM zaka dhAtu se dikalpa se iT cAhate haiM aura asu kSepe se bhAva meM / 2-isI saunAga mata kA nirdeza sAyaNa ne aneka sthAnoM para kiyA hai| 3-kSIrataraGgiNI ke Adi aura anta meM dhAtvarthasaMbandhI saunAga 5 mata isa prakAra uddhRta hai dhAtUnAmarthanirdezo'yaM nidarzanArtha iti saunAgAH / yadAhuH-- kriyAvAcitvamAkhyAtumeko'trArthaH pradarzitaH / prayogato'nugantavyA anekArthA hi dhAtavaH // ' arthAt-dhAtuoM kA artha-nirdeza nidarzanArtha hai, aisA saunAgoM kA 10 mata hai| jaisA ki kahA hai-yahAM dhAtuoM kA kriyAvAcitva darzAne ke lie eka artha likhA hai| dhAtueM anekArtha haiM, unake artha prayoga se jAnane caahieN| __ vAmana aura kSIrasvAmI dvArA uddhRta mata dhAtupAThaviSayaka hI haiM, yaha spaSTa hai / ina matoM kA pratipAdana bhagavAn sunAga ne kahAM kiyA 15 thA, yaha uddhartA logoM ne nahIM btaayaa| inameM prathama mata usake vArtika pATha meM bhI nirdiSTa ho sakatA hai, parantu kSIrasvAmI dvArA uddhRta mata kA nirdeza usake dhAtavyAkhyAna meM hI saMbhava hai, anyatra nhiiN| isase anumAna hotA hai ki prAcArya sunAga ne bhI pANinIya dhAtupATha para kisI vyAkhyAna kA pravacana kiyA thaa| 3-bhImasena kisI bhImasenanAmA vaiyAkaraNa kA pANinIya dhAtupATha ke sAtha koI mahattvapUrNa sambandha thA, yaha aneka granthakAroM ke vacanoM se spaSTa vidita hotA haiM / yathA 1. zaka ghAtu, pRSTha 301; asa dhAtu, pRSTha 307; zakla ghAtu, pRSTha 25 326 / 2. kSIrata0 pRSTha 3, 323 hamArA saMska0 / curAdi (pRSTha 323) meM dvitIya caraNa 'ekako'rtho nidarzitaH' hai aura tRtIya caraNa 'prayogato'numAtavyAH' hai| yaha zloka cAndra dhAtupATha ke anta meM bhI upalabdha hotA hai| vahAM tRtIya caraNa kA pATha 'prayogato'nugantavyA: hai|

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ___1-kriyAratnasamuccaya kA lekhaka gaNaratna sUri (saMvat 1466) likhatA hai aci-adi-tapi-vadi-mRyaSaH parasmaipadina iti bhImasenIyAH / kriyAratnasamucya pRSTha 284 / arthAt-aci adi tarpi vadi mRSi ye parasmaipadI haiM, aisA bhImasenaprokta grantha ke adhyetA mAnate haiM / 2-sarvAnanda (saM0 1215 ) apane amaraTIkA-sarvasva nAmaka vyAkhyAna meM likhatA haiM-- arba parba babe karba kharba garba marba sarba carba gatau ityayamapi bhUvAdI 10 bhImasenena pavargAntaprakaraNe paThitaH / ' amaraTIkA sarvasva 1 / 117, bhAga 1, pRSTha 8 / arthAt-bhImasena ne arba Adi dhAtuoM ko svAdi gaNa meM pavargAnta prakaraNa meM par3hA hai| 3-sarvAnananda se prAcIna maitreyarakSita (saM0 1165) dhAtupradIpa 15 ke Adi meM bhImasena ko smaraNa karatA hai bahuzo'bhUn yathA bhImaH proktavAMstadvadAgamAt / / 4--maitreya se bhI bahuta prAcIna umAsvAti-bhASya kA vyAkhyAtA siddhasena gaNI likhatA hai-- bhImasenAt parato'nyaivaiyAkaraNerarthadvaye'paThito'pi ....... / ' pRSTha 294 / 5-bhaTrojidIkSita, nAgeza bhaTTa Adi kA mata haiM vi pANinIya dhAtupATha ke arthoM kA nirdeza bhImasena ne kiyA hai (pramANa pUrva pRSTha 63 para uddhRta kara cuke ) / 6-bhImasena dhAtupATha ke hastalekha aneka hastalekha-saMgrahoM meM vidyamAna haiM / eka hastalekha lAhaura ke dayAnanda mahAvidyAlaya ke antargata 25 lAlacanda pustakAlaya meM thA (lAlacanda pustakAlaya ke hastalekha samprati 1. TIkAsarvasva meM ye ghAtueM vakArAnta ( antasthAnta ) chapI haiN| vaha mudraNadoSa hai| 2.-isakI vyAkhyA pUrva (pRSTha 63) kara cake haiN| 3.- isa uddharaNa kA nirdeza bhI pahale (pRSTha 64 ) kara cuke haiM /

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAta ( 2 ) sAdhu prAzrama, hoziyArapura meM surakSita haiM ) / isakI eka pratilipi hamAre saMgraha meM bhI hai / 87 bhImasena kA kAla - isa vaiyAkaraNa bhImasena ne apane janma se kisa deza aura kAla ko alaMkRta kiyA, yaha ajJAta hai / bhImasenasaMbandhI jitane nirdeza vividha granthoM meM upalabdha hote haiM, unameM siddhasena gaNI 5 kA nirdeza sabase prAcIna hai / siddhasena gaNI kA kAla vikrama kI 7vIM zatI hai, aisA aitihAsikoM kA mata hai / bhImasena isase bhI bahuta prAcIna hai, yaha usakI pravarasImA hai / kaI loga isako pANDutra dharmarAja kA anuja mAnate haiM, yaha nAmasAdRzyamUlaka bhrAnti hai, yaha hama pUrva (pRSTha 64 ) likha cuke haiN| 10 dhAtupATha ke sAtha bhImasena kA sambandha - bhImasenasambandhI jo nirdeza prAcIna granthoM meM upalabdha hote haiM, unase itanA spaSTa hai ki bhImasena kA pANinIya dhAtupATha ke sAtha koI viziSTa sambandha hai / 'bhomasenIya ghAtupATha' nAma se aneka hastalikhita pustaka saMgrahAlayoM meM vidyamAna dhAtupATha ke koza bhI isa viziSTa sambandha ke prajJApaka 15 haiM | parantu yaha viziSTa sambandha kisa prakAra kA hai, isa viSaya meM baiyA - karaNoM meM matabheda hai | kaI granthakAra kahate haiM ki bhImasena ne pANinIya dhAtuoM kA prathamataH arthanirdeza kiyA, anya lekhakoM kA mata hai ki bhImasena ne pANinIya dhAtupATha para koI vyAkhyA likhI thIM / ina meM se prathama mata pramANazUnya hai, yaha hama pUrva ( pRSTha 52 - 60 ) pratipAdana 20 kara cuke haiM / dvitIya mala ke sambandha meM vicAra karate haiM dhAtuvRttikAra - hamArA apanA mata hai ki bhImasena ne pANinIya dhAtupATha para koI vRttigrantha likhA thA / isake upodvalaka nimna pramANa haiM 1 - prAcArya hemacandra haimazabdAnuzAsana 2188 ko bRhad vRtti 25 meM likhatA hai - zranye tvaTTi paThanti / isakI svopajJa bRhannyAsa nAmnI vyAkhyA meM hemacandrAcArya ne likhA hai zranye tviti - bhImasenAdayaH /

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88 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 2-kavikalpadruma kI TIkA meM durgAdAsa likhatA haistambha iha kriyAnirodha iti bhImasenaH / pRSTha 171 / stunbhu stambhe sautra dhAtu hai / isakA dhAtupATha meM upadeza nahIM hai| dhAtuvRttikAra prasaMgavaza sautra dhAtuoM kA vyAkhyAna bhI apanI vRttiyoM 5 meM karate haiN| durgAdAsa kA kathana hai ki stanbha stambhe dhAtu kA jo stambha artha hai, usakA abhiprAya yahAM kriyAnirodha hai, aisA bhImasena kA kathana hai| bhImasena stambha kA kriyAnirodha artha dhAtuvRtti meM ho likha sakatA hai, dhAtvarthanirdeza meM isakA koI prasaMga ho nahIM, kyoMki dhAtvarthanirdeza to 'stambha' ho hai / isase spaSTa hai ki bhImasena ne koI 10 dhAtUvatti grantha likhA thA, usI meM stambha kA kriyAnirodha artha darzAyA hogaa| 3-'daiva' grantha kA vyAkhyAtA kRSNa lIlAzukamuni likhatA hai kSapa preraNe bhImasenena kathAdiSvapaThito'pyayaM bahulametannidarzanam' ityudAharaNatvena dhAtuvRttau paThyate / pRSTha 88 / 15 arthAt-kathAdi meM apaThita 'kSapa preraNe' dhAtu ko bhImasena ne 'bahulametannidarzanam' ke udAharaNa rUpa se dhAtuvRtti meM par3hA hai| 4- yahI pATha svalpabheda se devarAja yajvA ke nighaNTu-vyAkhyAna (pRSTha 43, 106) meM do bAra upalabdha hotA hai| uparyukta pATha meM 'dhAtuvattau paThyate' kA kartA bhImasena ke ati20 rikta dUsarA nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki dUsare kartA kA nirdeza vAkya meM nahIM hai| isase spaSTa hai ki bhImasena ne koI dhAtuvRtti nAmaka dhAtUna vyAkhyAna grantha likhA thA, usI meM usane bahulameta nidarzanam dhAtusUtra kI vyAkhyA meM apaThita kSapa preraNe dhAtu kA nirdeza kiyA thA aura usI meM stambhu stambhe dhAtu ke stambha kA artha kriyAnirodha likhA 25 thaa| bhImasenIya dhAtupATha kA bhoTa bhASA meM anuvAda paJcamabhoTa guru sumatisAgara ke Adeza se ratnadharmakIti ne kiyA thaa| isa bhoTabhASAnUvAda se bhImasenIya dhAtupATha ke uddhAra kA gurutarakArya zAnti niketana ke prAdhyApaka DA0 vizvanAtha bhaTTAcArya kara rahe haiN| aisA 30 unhoMne 21-6-1976 ke patra dvArA mujhe sUcita kiyA thaa|

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2/12 dhAtupATha ke pracaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (2) 56 4-dhAtu-pArAyaNakAra dhAtupATha para 'pArAyaNa' nAma kA koI prAcIna grantha kaI granthoM meM uddhRta hai| pANinIya vyAkaraNa se sambaddha granthoM meM isa kA nirdeza hone se yaha poNinIya dhAtupATha para thA, aisI sambhAvanA hai| yathA 1-nAmadhAtupArAyaNAdiSu / kAzikA ke prArambha meN| 5 2-tataH abhra babhreti ....'bAbabhrayate bhavatIti pArAyaNikAH / jJApakasamuccaya, pRSTha 100 / 3-anidit pArAyaNeSvapAThi, gojati jugoja / puruSakAra, pRSTha 54 / 4-pArAyaNikairanukto'pi kSipirdaivAdiko ......" / puruSakAra 10 pRSTha 85 / 5-kasi gatizAsanayoriti pArAyaNikairudAhAri, kaMste kastaH iti / puruSakAra pRSTha 111 / hamArA vicAra hai ki uparyukta uddharaNoM meM nirdiSTa dhAtu-pArAyaNa sambhavataH bhImasena kRta dhAtUvRtti kA vAcaka hoN| ye sabhI uddhartA 15 pANinIya vyAkaraNa se sambaddha vyakti haiM / ataH inakA haima dhAtupArAyaNa yA pUrNacandra viracita cAndra dhAtupArAyaNa kA ullekha karanA sambhava nahIM hai| sambhava hai bhImasenIya dhAtupArAyaNa nAma ke AdhAra para hI hemacandra aura pUrNacandra ne apanI dhAtuvRttiyoM kA nAma dhAtu. pArAyaNa rakhA ho| bhImasenIya dhAtuvRtti kA nAma 'dhAtupArAyaNa' 20 hone para 'dhAtupArAyaNakAra' nAma se nirdiSTa pRthak dhAtuvRttikAra nahIM hogaa| 5--ajJAtanAmA kisI prAcIna ajJAtanAmA vidvAn ne dhAtupATha para eka vRttigrantha likhA thA / isa vRttikAra aura isake vRtti grantha ke aneka uddharaNa 25 kSIrataraGgiNI, puruSakAra aura nighaNTuvyAkhyA Adi meM upalabdha hote haiN| yathA 1-kSIrasvAmI zrathi zaithilye' dhAtusUtra ke vyAkhyAna meM likhatA

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15 saMskRta-vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa zazranthe...... idittvAdanunAsikalopAbhAvaH / zreye iti tadAharan vRttikRd bhrAntaH / kSIrata0 1 / 261 // arthAt - zazranthe meM dhAtu ke idita hone se nakAra kA lopa nahIM hotA / zrethe aisA udAharaNa detA huA vRttikRd bhrAnta huA hai / vRttikRd = dhAtuvRttikAra - ' vRttikRd' tathA 'vRttikAra' zabda prAyaH kAzikAvRtti ke racayitAoM ke lie prayukta hotA hai, parantu yahAM vRttikRd pada kisI dhAtuvRtti ke racayitA kA bodhaka hai / sAyaNAcArya ne kSIrasvAmI ke uparyukta pATha ko uddhRta karake likhA hai -: pratra taraGgiNI - idittvAdanunAsikalopAbhAvAt zrethe grethe ityu10 dAharan vRttikAro bhrAnta iti / atra vRttikAro dhAtuvRttikRduccate / dhAtuvRtti pRSTha 46 / 2 - devarAja yajvA nighaNTu 1 / 1 / 3 kI vyAkhyA meM likhatA hai - prajU vyaktiprakSaNakAntigatiSu mrakSaNaM secanamiti tadvRttiH / arthAt - srakSaNa kA artha secana hai, aisA vRtti kA mata hai / ina uddharaNoM meM smRta dhAtuvRttikAra athavA dhAtuvRtti bhomasena athavA usakI dhAtuvRtti grantha na ho, to kSIrasvAmI se pUrvavartI kisI anya vaiyAkaraNa ne pANinIya dhAtupATha para likhI thI, aisA niHsaMzaya kahA jA sakatA hai / ' 60 6 - nandisvAmI 20 kSIrasvAmI ne kSIrataraGgiNI meM bahutra nandI ke dhAtupATha viSayaka pATha uddhRta kie haiM / kSIrataraGgiNI dhAtusUtra 1 / 226 ( pRSTha 56 ) meM nandIsvAmino pATha milatA haiN| isakA pAThAntara 'nandIsvAmI' bhI hai / daiva- vyAkhyAna puruSakAra ( pRSTha 46 ) meM sudhAkara kA jo pATha uddhRta hai, usameM 'nandisvAmI' kA bhI nirdeza hai / 30 25 yaha nandisvAmI yadi jainendravyAkaraNapravaktA devanandI se bhinna vyakti ho, jaisA ki 'svAmI' vizeSaNa se jJAta hotA hai taba nizcaya hI yaha pANinIya dhAtupATha kA vyAkhyAtA ho sakatA hai; anyathA sandigdha haiM / 7- rAjazrI - dhAtuvRttikAra (1215 vi0 pR0 ) sarvAnanda ne amaraTIkA sarvasva bhAga 1 pRSTha 153 para rAjazrI - ghAvRtti kA eka pATha uddhRta kiyA hai

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (2) 61 dIrghatve sUkSaNamiti rAjazrIdhAtuvRttiH / isa rAjazrI-dhAtuvRtti kA lekhaka kauna thA, yaha ajJAta hai / sambhava hai lekhaka kA nAma rAjazrI ho / yaha dhAtuvRtti kSIrasvAmo se pUrvabhAvI hai athavA uttaravartI, yaha ajJAta hai| 8-nAthIya dhAtuvRtti (1215 vi0 pU0) sarvAnanda ne amaraTIkA sarvasva 2 / 6 / 100 meM likhA hainAthIyadhAtuvattAvapi koSavanmUrdhanyaSatvaM tAlavyatvaM coktam / bhAga 2, pRSTha 360 / isa nAthIya dhAtuvRtti ke lekhaka kA nAma ajJAta hai| isa kA sambandha kisa vyAkaraNa ke sAtha hai, yaha bhI ajJAta hai| ramAnAtha-viracita kAtantra dhAtuvRtti kA varNana hama agale adhyAya meM kareMge / padaikadeza nyAya se ramAnAthaviracita dhAtuvRtti bhI nAthIya nAma se vyavahata ho sakatI hai, parantu ramAnAtha kA kAla 1563 vikrama saM0 hai, yaha hama usI kAtantra dhAtupATha ke prakaraNa meM likheNge| ataH isa dhAtUvRtti kA ramAnAtha ke sAtha sambandha nahIM ho sktaa| 15 ___ sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa ke TIkAkAra daNDanAtha ko prakriyAsarvasvakAra prAyaH 'nAtha' nAma se uddhRta karatA hai| ataH yaha vRtti daNDanAtha kI ho sakatI hai| isa avasthA meM yaha sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa se sambaddha dhAtupATha kI mAnI jA sakatI hai| 8-kauzika (1050 vi0 pu0) kSIrasvAmI ne kSIrataraGgiNI meM aneka sthAnoM para kauzika nAma se kisI dhAtupATha ke vRttikAra ke mata uddhRta kiye haiM / uddharaNoM se yahI pratIta hotI hai ki kauzika kI vRtti pANinIya dhAtupATha para likho gaI hogii| kSIrataraGgiNI se uttaravartI vRttikAroM ne bhI isa ke aneka mata sva-sva granthoM meM uddhRta kiye haiN| isase adhika hama isa viSaya meM kucha nahIM jAnate / kSIrataraGgiNI 25 . . 1. prakriyAsarvasva, madrAsa saMska0, dra0 sUtra 64,216, 534,572,765, 664, 1010, 1021, 1023 //

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa meM uddhRta kauzika ke matoM ke liye kSorataraGgiNI ke hamAre saMskaraNa ke anta meM pRSTha 354 dekheN| 10--kSIrasvAbhI (1100 ke lagabhaga) kSIrasvAmI nAmaka zabdazAstraniSNAta vyakti ne pANinIya dhAtupATha ke audIcya pATha para kSIrataraGgiNI nAma kA eka vRttigrantha likhA hai| isa grantha ko prathamavAra prakAza meM lAne kA zreya jarmana vidvAn libiza ko hai / usane isa grantha ko romana akSaroM meM prakAzita kiyA thaa| usake cirakAla se utsanna ho jAne para usI ke AdhAra para isakA eka saMskaraNa hamane prakAzita kiyA hai| yaha rAmalAla kapUra 10 TrasTa (bahAlagar3ha) kI granthamAlA meM chapA hai| paricaya kSIrasvAmI ne kSIrataraGgiNI aura amarakozodghATana meM apanA kucha bhI paricaya nahIM diyA / ataH isa mahAvaiyAkaraNa kA vRttAnta sarvathA ajJAta hai| 15 pitRnAma-kSIrataraGgiNI meM bhvAdi aura adAdi gaNa ke anta meM ___ bhtteshvrsvaamiputrkssiirsvaamyutprekssitaayaaN......| pATha upalabdha hai| isase vidita hotA hai ki kSIrasvAmI ke pitA kA nAma bhaTTa IzvarasvAmI thaa| zAkhA-kSIrasvAmI ne yaja dhAtu kI vyAkhyA meM likhA hai yajuH kAThakam / 1726 // ekasau eka zAkhAvAle yajurveda meM yajUH ke udAharaNa-prasaMga meM kAThaka nAma kA ullekha karanA sUcita karatA hai ki kSIrasvAmI sambhavataH kAThaka zAkhAdhyetA thaa| deza-kSIrasvAmI ne apane janma se bhArata ke kisa prAnta, nagara 25 vA grAma ko alaGkRta kiyA, isakA kucha bhI sAkSAt paricaya nahIM milatA / kSIrataraGgiNI aura amarakoza ke prArambha meM vAgdevI kI prazaMsA karane se tathA kSIrataraGgiNI ke anta meM dRzyamAna zloka' se 1. kAzmIramaNDalabhuvaM jayasiMhanAmni vizvambharAparivRDhe dRDhadIrghadoSNi / zAsatyamAtyavarasUnurimAM lilekha bhaktayA draviNavAnapi dhAtupATham //

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (2) / pratIta hotA hai ki kSIrasvAmI saMbhavataH kazmIra pradeza kA nivAsI thA / kSIrasvAmI kA kaThazAkhAdhyAyI honA bhI isa anumAna kA poSaka hai| prAcIna kAla meM kaThazAkhAdhyetA brAhmaNa kazmIra meM hI nivAsa karate the| kAla-kSIrasvAmI kisa kAla meM huA, yaha nizcita rUpa se nahIM 5 kahA jA sakatA / tathApi usake kAla ke paricchedaka nimna pramANa haiM 1-eka kSora nAmaka zabdavidyopAdhyAya kavi kahNaNa kRta rAjataraGgiNI meM smRta hai 'dezAntarAdAgamayyAtha vyAcakSANAn kSamApatiH / prAvartayad vicchinnaM mahAbhASyaM svamaNDale // kSIrAbhidhAnAcchabdavidyopAdhyAyAt sambhRtazrutaH / budhaiH saha yayau vRddhi sa jayApoDapaNDita: / / 4 / 488,486 // arthAt-jayApIDa nRpati ne dezAntara se kSIrasaMjJaka zabdavidyopAdhyAya ko bulAkara apane maNDala (kazmIra) meM vicchinna mahAbhASya ko punaH pravRtta kiyA / ___ kazmIra-napati jayApIDa kA rAjyakAla vi0 saM0 808-836 paryanta mAnA jAtA hai / kSIrasvAmI ne kSIrataraGgiNI aura aparakoza ko TIkA meM zrIbhoja aura usake sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa ko bahadhA udadhata kiyA hai| bhoja kA kAla saM0 1075-1110 hai| yajurvedabhASya meM uvvaTa ne bhI mahIM bhoje prazAsati likhA hai / uvvaTa yajuH 25 / 8 meM 20 kSIrasvAmI ko uddhRta karatA hai|' ataH kSIrasvAmI kA kAla saM0 1100 lagabhaga ke honA caahiye| isalie yaha kSIrasvAmI kahmaNa dvArA smRta kSIrasaMjJaka vaiyAkaraNa se bhinna hai, yaha spaSTa hai| 2-vardhamAna ne vi0 saMvat 1167 meM svaviracita gaNaratna-maho- 25 dadhi meM kSIrasvAmI ko do bAra uddhRta kiyA hai (ka) jyotIMSi grahanakSatrAdIni vetti jyotiSika iti vAmanakSIrasvAminau / 4 / 303, pRSTha 183 // 1. dekho Age pRSTha 67 para saMkhyA 6 kA sandarbha /

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa isakA pAThAntara isa prakAra hai'jyotIMSi grahAdInadhikRtya kRto prantho jyautiSaH. jyautiSaM veda jyautiSikaH / ' dra0-pRSTha 183, Ti0 2 / inameM pAThAntara meM nirdiSTa pATha kSIrasvAmI kI amarakozavyAkhyA (2 / 8 / 14) se akSarazaH milatA hai| (kha) kSIrasvAminA mArSa mAriSa ityapi, yathA parSat pariSaditi TIkAyAM vivRtam / 7 / 430, pRSTha 238 // isakA pAThAntara isa prakAra hai'marSaNAt sahanAt mAriSaH / mArSo'pi / yathA pariSat [parSat ] ___dra0-pRSTha 38, Ti0 2 / inameM bhI pAThAntara meM nirdiSTa pATha kSIrasvAmI ko amaraTIkA meM mAriSa pada ke vyAkhyAna meM upalabdha hotA hai| gaNaratna-mahodadhi ke mudrita saMskaraNoM ko bhraSTatA-uparyukta uddharaNoM kI tulanA se spaSTa hai ki gaNaratna-mahodadhi kA yoropIya " aura usake AdhAra para chapA bhAratIya, donoM saMskaraNa atyanta bhraSTa haiN| gaNaratna-mahodadhi jaise mahattvapUrNa grantha ke zuddha saMskaraNa ko mahatI AvazyakatA hai| isa samaya isakA koI bhI saMskaraNa suprApya nahIM haiM / kucha varSa hue yoropIya saMskaraNa punaH chapA hai| 3-AcArya hemacandra (vi0 saM0 1145-1229) ne haima abhi20 dhAna kI svopajJa cintAmaNi vyAkhyA meM kSIrasvAmI ke nimna pATha uddhRta kiye haiM (ka) kSIrasvAmI nu-'kASThamupalakSaNam, kASThA'zmAdimayI jaladhAriNI droNo iti vyaackhyau|' 33541, pRSTha 350 // kSIrasvAmI kA yaha pATha usakI amarakoza 1 / 6 / 11 kI vyAkhyA 25 (pRSTha 63) meM upalabdha hotA hai| (kha) "hitajalApabhraMzo hijjalaH' iti kSIrasvAmI / 4 / 211, pRSTha 461 // kSIrasvAmI kA yaha pATha usakI amarakoza 2 / 4 / 61 kI vyAkhyA (pRSTha 63) meM upalabdha hotA hai /

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA ( 2 ) 65 ina uddharaNoM se spaSTa hai ki kSIrasvAmI prAcArya hemacandra se pUrvavartI hai / kSIrataraGgiNI ke upodghAta (pRSTha 32 ) meM hamane zrI paM0 candrasAgara sUri ke pramANa se kSIrasvAmI ko haima se pUrvavartI mAnA thA / usa samaya taka hameM sAkSAt aisA vacana upalabdha nahIM huA thA, jisase 5 kSIrasvAmI aura hemacandrAcArya kA nizcita paurvAparya parijJAta ho sake / aba AcArya hemacandra ke dvArA uddhRta kSIrasvAmI ke uddharaNa se spaSTa ho gayA hai ki kSIrasvAmI hemacandrAcArya se pUrvavartI hai / 4 - zrIrataraGgiNI ke hastalekha ke anta meM nimna padya upalabdha hotA hai kazmIrabhuvamaNDalaM jayasiMhanAmni vizvambharAparivRDhe dRDhadIrghavoSNi / zAsatyamAtyasUnurimAM lilekha bhavatyA svayaM draviNavAnapi dhAtupATham // arthAt -- kazmIra-pradhipati jayasiMha ke kisI zramAtya ke putra ne kSIrataraGgiNI kI pratilipi kI tho / ukta zloka meM smRta jayasiMha nRpati kA rAjyakAla vi0 saM0 15 1985-1195 taka hai / isa kAla ke madhya meM kSIrataraGgiNI kI pratilipi karane se vidita hotA hai ki kSIrasvAmI ukta samaya se pUrvavartI hai / 5 - maitreyarakSita ne vi0 saM0 1140 se 1965 ke madhya apanA 'dhAtupradIpa' grantha likhA thA, yaha hama isI grantha ke prathama bhAga meM 20 mahAbhASya- pradIpa ke racayitA kaiyaTa kAla - nirNaya ke prasaMga meM likha cuke haiM / maitreyarakSita dhAtupradIpa meM bahuta sthAnoM para kecit, eke, zrapare padoM se kSIrasvAmI ke matoM kA nirdeza karatA hai / yathA ke (ka) RJjate, RJjAJcakre / kecitta pratyudAharanti / pRSTha 20 / kSIrasvAmI ne kSIrataraGgiNI 1 / 110 meM RJjate, dhAnuJje udAharaNa die haiM / kSIrataraGgiNI 11110 ( pRSTha 36 ) kI hamArI TippaNI bhI draSTavya hai | (kha) tuhir duhir ityeke / pRSTha 52 / isake lie kSIrataraGgiNI 11487 draSTavya hai 1 iti 25

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa (ga) apare tu vAvRtu varaNe iti parasmin vAgrahaNaM saMbadhya dhAtumekArthamanekAcaM manyante vAvRtu varaNe iti vAvRtyate / tato vAvRtyamAnA sA rAmazAlA nyavikSateti / pRSTha 63 // kSIrasvAmI kSIrataraGgiNI 4 / 46 meM likhatA hai 'vAvatu varaNe / vaavtyte| tato vAvatyamAnA sA rAmazAlAmavikSateti bhaTTiH (4 / 28) / yahAM nizcaya hI maitreya apare pada se kSIrasvAmI kA hI nirdeza karatA hai| (gha) prIticalanayorityeke / pRSTha 103 / __kSIrataraGgiNI kA mudrita pATha 'smR protibalanayoH / balanaM jIvanam (pRSTha 228) hai, tathApi kSIrasvAmI kA svapATha prIticalanayoH calanaM jIvanam hI thA, yaha mAdhavIyA dhAtuvRtti pRSTha 318 ke nimna pATha se vyakta hai 'prIticalanayorityanye / calanaM jIvanamiti svaamii|' 15 (Ga) pvAdayastvAgaNAntAH / teSAmapi samAptyarthamatra vRtkaraNamityeke / pRSTha 127 // yaha saMketa bhI kSIrataraGgiNI 633 ke 'vRt -svAdayaH pvAdayazca vartitAH' pATha ko ora hai| (ca) bhAsArthA ityeke bhAsArthA dIptyarthAH / pRSTha 144 / yadyapi samprati kSIrataraGgiNI 10 / 197 meM bhAsArthA dIptyarthAH pATha nahIM milatA, punarapi sAyaNa ke kAla meM yaha pATha kSIrataraGgiNo meM vidyamAna thaa| sAyaNa likhatA hai 'tathA ca kSIrasvAmI-bhAsA dIptirartho yeSAM te bhAsArthAH iti / dhAtuvRtti pRSTha 363 // (cha) puruSakAra kRSNa lIlAzuka muni likhatA hai tathA ca maitreyarakSitaH svAdigaNe 'tRpa proNane' ityasyAnantaraM paThyamAnaM 'chandasi' ityetad vyAcakSANaH chandasItyAgaNaparisamApteradhikriyate iti kSIrasvAmivad uktvA ..." / puruSakAra pRSTha 21 /

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2/13 dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (2) 97 ina katipaya uddharaNoM se vyakta hai ki kSIrasvAmI maitreyarakSita se prAcIna hai| 6-kSIrasvAmI kSIrataraGgiNI aura amarakozaTIkA meM zrIbhoja aura usake sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa ko bahudhA uddhRta karatA hai| bhoja kA kAla saM0 1075-1110 hai / yajurveda kA bhASya uvaTa ne bhoja ke 5 rAjyakAla meM ujjaina meM rahate hue likhA hai RpyAdIMzca namaskRtya avantyAmuvaTo vsn| mantrANAM kRtavAn bhASyaM mahIM bhoje prazAsati // bhaassyaante| uvaTa yajuH 25 / 8 ke bhASya meM kSIrasvAmI-viracita amarakoza 2 / 6 / 65 kI TIkA ko uddhRta karatA hai hRdayasya dakSiNe yakRt kloma vAme plIhA pupphusazceti vaidyaH (?, vaidyAH) iti kssiirsvaamii| ___ isa uddharaNa se spaSTa hai kSIrasvAmI nizcita hI vi0 saM0 1110 se pUrvavartI hai| kSIrasvAmI svIkRta dhAtupATha kazmIra-vAstavya kSIrasvAmI ne pANinIya dhAtupATha ke audIcya pATha para apanI vRtti likhI hai, yaha hama pUrva (pRSTha 66) likha cuke haiN| kSIrasvAmI dvArA pANinIya dhAtupATha kA sampAdana -pUrva pRSTha 12 para 'bhaTTayajJezvarasvAmiputrakSIrasvAmyutprekSitAyAM...' pATha uddhRta kiyA hai / bhaNDArakara prAcyavidyA zodha-pratiSThAna meM surakSita zAradA 20 lipi meM likhe gaye kSIrataraGgiNI ke hastalekhoM ke anta meM isa prakAra pATha milatA hai kSIrasvAmyutprekSitadhAtupAThe kSIrataraGgiNyAM curAdigaNaH sampUrNaH / ' isase vidita hotA hai ki kSIrasvAmI ne pANinIya dhAtupATha kA apanI dRSTi se sampAdana bhI kiyA thaa| kSorataraGgiNI kA hamArA saMskaraNa jarmana vidvAn libiza ne kSIrataraGgiNI kA romana akSaroM meM jo 1. dra0 hastalekha sUcIpatra, san 1938, saMkhyA 226,227 / 1875-76 /

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa saMskaraNa prakAzita kiyA thA, vaha usake mahAn parizrama kA phala thA, isa meM kucha bhI atizayokti nahIM hai| hamAre saMskaraNa kA mUla AdhAra yadyapi libiza kA saMskaraNa hI thA, punarapi hamane vyAkaraNa ke samasta upalabdha vAGamaya meM uddhRta kSIrataraGgiNI ke pAThoM kA saMgraha karake unake prakAza meM apane saMskaraNa kA sampAdana kiyA hai| pratipRSTha vyAkaraNa Adi vividha zAstrasaMbaddha aneka TippaNiyAM dI haiN| hamAre saMskaraNa meM jarmana saMskaraNa kI apekSA 26 prakAra kA vaiziSTaya haiN| yaha saba hamAre saMskaraNa tathA usake upodghAta pRSTha 43-47 ke avalokana se hI bhale prakAra jJAta ho sakatA hai| naye saMskaraNa kI AvazyakatA-kSIrataraGgiNI ke 3-4 hastalekha prAcIna zAradA lipi meM likhe hue bhaNDArakara prAcya-zodha pratiSThAna, pUnA ke saMgraha meM vidyamAna haiN| unake sAhAyya se isakA punaH sampAdana honA cAhiye / hameM prAcIna zAradA lipi jAnanevAlA vyakti upalabdha nahIM huaaa| ataH hama cAhate hue bhI ukta hastalekhoM kI sahAyatA 15 se kSIrataraGgiNI kA punaH sampAdana nahIM kara sake / kSIrasvAmI ke anya grantha kSIrasvAmI ne kSIrataraGgiNI ke atirikta pAMca grantha aura likhe the| vaha kSIrataraGgiNI ke prArambha meM likhatA hai'nyAyye vartmani vartanAya bhavatAM SaD vRttayaH klpitaaH|' yahI bAta amarakoza kI vyAkhyA ke Adi meM bhI kahI hai| kSIrataraGgiNI ke atirikta cAra anya vRttiyoM ke nAma isa prakAra 1-amarakoSodghATanam--yaha grantha do tIna bAra prakAzita ho cukA hai| 25 nighaNTu-TokA-devarAjayajvA ne apanI nighaNTu vyAkhyA ke prArambha meM kSIrasvAmI kRta nighaNTuTIkA' ko smaraNa kiyA hai| yaha nighaNTuTIkA vaidika yAskIya nighaNTu kI nahIM haiM / yaha amarakoza ko 'udghATana' TIkA hI hai, kyoMki devarAja yajvA dvArA nighaNTu TIkA meM 1. kSIrasvAmyanantAcAryAdikRtAM nighaNTavyAkhyAm / pRSTha 4 //

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ghAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (2) smata kSIrasvAmI ke 32 uddharaNoM meM se 30 uddharaNa kSIrasvAmI kI amaraTIkA meM upalabdha hote haiN|' pravaziSTa do uddharaNoM meM se eka uddharaNa zabdanaM zabdaH (nighaNTa TIkA 1 / 11 / 32) kSIrataraGgiNI 11727 ke vyAkhyAna meM upalabdha hotA hai| dekhie kSIrataraGgiNI ke pRSTha 158 kI TippaNI meM nirdiSTa 'zabdaH zabdanam' paatth| isa prakAra 5 aba eka hI uddharaNa aisA hai, jo abhI ajJAta hai, vaha bhI sambhava hai kucha pAThabheda se kSIrataraGgiNI meM hI ho| ___ yataH loka meM kozagranthoM ke lie bhI nighaNTu zabda kA bhI vyavahAra hotA hai, ataH devarAja ke 'nighaNTa-vyAkhyA' pada se vaidika nighaNTu vyAkhyA kI kalpanA karanA ThIka nahIM hai, jaba ki kSIrasvAmI 10 ke 32 uddharaNoM meM se 30 uddharaNa usakI amarakoza kI vyAkhyA meM upalabdha ho cuke hoN| 2-nipAtAvyayopasargavRtti-isakA eka hastalekha aDiyAra (madrAsa) ke pustakAlaya meM surakSita hai| isakA kramAGka 487 hai| yaha hastalekha tilaka-nAmnI vyAkhyA sahita hai| hastalekha ke anta meM 15 likhA hai 'bhaTTakSIrasvAmyutprekSitanipAtAvyayopasargIye tilakakRtA vRttiH saMpUrNati / bhadraM pazyema pracarema bhdrm.....|' yaha vRtti appalasomezvara zarmA P.O. L. dvArA sampAdita, veGkaTezvara prAcyagranthAvalI saMkhyA 28 meM tirupati se 1651 meM 20 prakAzita ho cukI hai / isa saMskaraNa kA hastalekha san 1911 meM zrIparavastu veGkaTa raGganAthasvAmI dvArA likhita hai| aDiyAra ke hastalekha aura tirupati se mudrita hastalekha ke anta kA pATha samAna hone se 1. paM0 bhagavaddattakRta 'vaidika vAGamaya kA itihAsa' vedoM ke bhASyakAra pRSTha 208, 206 // 2. isa bAta ko na samajhakara maikaDAnala ne SaDguruziSya kI sarvAnukramaNI kI vyAkhyA meM udadhRta 'yAtayAmo jIrNe bhuktocchiSTe'pi ca iti nighaNTau' (pRSTha 56) tathA 'zaGkAvitarkabhayayoriti nighaNTa:' uddharaNoM ke viSaya meM likhA haiki yaha yAskIya nighaNTa meM nahIM haiN| SaDa guruziSya dvArA uddhRta donoM vacana vaijayantI koza meM kramazaH pRSTha 223, 275 para milate haiN| 30

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100 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa pratIta hotA hai ki veGkaTa raGganAtha svAmI ke hastalekha kA AdhAra aDiyAra kA hastalekha hogaa| athavA donoM kA koI eka mUla AdhAra rahA hogaa| yaha kSIrakRta grantha sUtrabaddha hai, usa para tilaka kI vRtti hai| 3-gaNavRtti-yaha gaNapATha ko vyAkhyA pratIta hotI hai| isakA hastalekha abhI taka ajJAta hai| 4-amRtataraGgiNI - isakA nirdeza kSIrataraGgiNI meM isa prakAra upalabdha hotA hai 'karmayogAmRtatarrAGgaNyApratyayo'karmakAd bhAve karmaNi vA syAt sakarmakAt / sakarmakAkarmakatva dravyakarmanibandhanam // ' 131, pRSTha 7 / isa para pAThAntara hai'yanmamaivAmRtataraGgiNyAmuktam-pratyayo....." bandhanam / ' isa uddharaNa se pratIta hotA hai ki amRtataraGgiNI kA dUsarA 15 nAma karmayogAmRtataraGgiNI bhI hai| yaha grantha vyAkaraNazAstra-sambandhI pratIta hotA hai| aisI avasthA meM kSIrasvAmI kI zeSa eka vRtti kisa grantha para thI, yaha ajJAta hai| kSIrasvAmI kA anya grantha nATyadarpaNa pRSTha 155 (bar3odA saM0) meM nimna pATha hai yathA kSIrasvAmiviracite'bhinavarAghavesthApakaH--(saharSam) prArye cirasya smRtam / astyeva rAghavamahInakathApavitram kAvyaM prabandhaghaTanAprathitaprathimnaH / bhaTRndurAjacaraNAbjamanuvratasya kSIrasya nATakamananyasamAnasAram // yaha kSIrasvAmI pUrvanirdiSTa kSora se bhinna hai athavA abhinna, yaha ajJAta hai / yadi uparyukta zloka meM smRta bhaTTa indurAja hI kSorasvAmI dvArA kSIrataraGgiNI (pRSTha 7) meM smRta bhaTTa zazAGkadhara hai,

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAta (2) taba to nizcaya hI donoM eka haiM, aura isI kSIrasvAmI kA abhinavarAghava nATaka hai, aisA mAnanA pdd'egaa| 9. maitreyarakSita (1140-1165 vi0) maitreyarakSita nAma ke bauddha vidvAn ne dhAtupATha para dhAtupradIpa nAma kI eka laghuvRtti rcii| yaha vRtti vArendra risarca sosaiTI rAjazAhI baGgAla se prakAzita ho cukI hai| paricaya maitreyarakSita ne kisa kula meM, kisa deza vA nagara meM aura kisa kAla meM janma kiyA, yaha ajJAta hai| sambhavataH baMgavAsI- dhAtupradIpa meM aneka sthAnoM para dhAtuoM ke prArambha meM dantyoSThaya vakAra hone se na zasadadavAdiguNAnAma (aSTA0 10 6 / 4 / 126 ) sUtra se etva aura abhyAsalopa kA sAkSAt pratiSedha prApta hone para bhI candrAcArya kI sammati se etva aura abhyAsalopa ko udAhRta kithA hai / yathA (ka) vaja vaja gatau (11246, 250).......etvAbhyAsalopapratiSedhazcAsya cAndrairudAhRtaH, vavAja vvjtuH......"| pRSTha 25 // 15 (kha) STana vana zabde (11460, 461 )...."vavAna vavananatuH / asya etvaabhyaasloptissedhshcaandrrudaahRtH| pRSTha 37 / / sAkSAt pANini ke sUtra se etvAbhyAsalopa kA niSedha prApta hone para bhI candrAcArya ke mata kA Azraya lenA, isa bAta pramANa hai ki maitreyarakSita ko dantyoSThaya va aura proSThya ba meM sAkSAt bhedaparijJAna 20 nahIM thaa| va ba ke samAna uccAraNa doSa ke kAraNa bAGga vidvAn inake bhedagraha meM prAyaH mohita hote haiM / isI moha ke kAraNa maitreyarakSita ne bhI sAkSAt pANinIya niyama kA prAzrayaNa na karake cAndra mata kA AzrayaNa kiyaa| ataH pratIta hotA hai ki maitreyarakSita sambhavataH baGgadezavAsI thaa| candrAcArya bhI baMgadezIya thA, yaha hama prathama bhAga 25 meM cAndra vyAkaraNa ke prasaMga meM likha cuke haiN| kAla-maitreyarakSita kA granthalekhanakAla vi0 saM0 1140-1165 ke madhya meM rahA hogA, yaha hama isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM mahAbhASyapradopa ke racayitA kaiyaTa ke prakaraNa meM vistAra se sikha cuke haiN|

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa vidvattA - maitreyarakSita vyAkaraNazAstra kA asAdhAraNa vidvAn thA / isane nyAsa para 'tantrapradIpa' nAmnI jo vipula vyAkhyA racI haiM, usase isakI asAdhAraNa vidvattA kA paricaya anAyAsa prApta hotA hai / maitreya rakSita ne dhAtupradIpa ke anta meM svayaM bhI kahA hai 102 vRttinyAsaM samuddizya kRtavAn granthavistaram / nAmnA tantrapradIpaM yo vivRtAstena dhAtavaH // 1 // prAkRSya bhASyajaladheratha dhAtunAmapArAyaNakSapaNapANinizAstravedI / kAlApacAndramatatattva vibhAgadakSo dhAtupradIpamakarojjagato hitAya // 2 // arthAt - jisane vRtti ( kAzikA) para likhe gae nyAsa ko uddezya 10 karake bhASyarUpI samudra se [ zAstra -tattva ko ] nikAla kara tantrapradIpa nAmaka vistRta grantha racA, usane ghAtumroM kA vyAkhyAna kiyA hai / dhAtupArAyaNa, nAmapArAyaNa kSapaNaka aura pANinIya zAstra ke jAnane vAle, kAlApa tathA cAndramata ke tattvavibhAga meM dakSa [ maitreya ne ] jagat ke hita ke lie dhAtupradIpa grantha banAyA / 15 paribhASAvRttikAra sIradeva ne bhI likhA hai 'tasmAd boddhavyo'yaM rakSitaH, boddhavyAzca vistarA eva rakSitagranthA vidyante / ' pRSTha 5, paribhASA-saMgraha, pUnA, pRSTha 215 / anya grantha - maitreyarakSita ne dhAtupradIpa ke atirikta nyAsa para tantrapradIpa nAmnI vistRta vyAkhyA likhI hai / isake viSaya meM hama pUrva 20 'kAzikA ke vyAkhyAtA' prakaraNa meM vistAra se likha cuke haiM / isake atirikta maitreya ne kadAcit mahAbhASya kA bhI vyAkhyAna kiyA thA / isake lie isI grantha kA prathama bhAga meM 'mahAbhASya ke TIkAkAra' prakaraNa dekheM / dhAtupradIpa- TIkAkAra 25 kisI ajJAtanAmA vidvAn ne maitreyarakSita viracita dhAtupradIpa para koI TIkA grantha likhA thA / isa TIkA ke kaI uddharaNa sarvAnanda ne amarakoza kI TIkA sarvasvavyAkhyA meM die haiM / sarvAnanda kA TIkA - sarvasva likhane kA kAla vi0 saM0 1296 hai / ataH dhAtupradopaTIkA kA racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1960 - 1215 ke madhya honA cAhie /

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA ( 2 ) 103 11 hariyogI (1200 vi0 lagabhaga) hariyogI nAmaka kisI vidvAn ne pANinIya dhAtupATha para zAbdi - kAbharaNa nAmaka eka vyAkhyA likhI haiM / isakA hastalekha madrAsa ke rAjakIya hastalekhasaMgraha meM vidyamAna hai ( sUcIpatra bhAga 5, khaNDa 1A, saMkhyA 4314, pRSTha 6345) / isakA dUsarA hastalekha TriveNDrama ke 5 rAjakIya pustakAlaya meM hai ( sUcIpatra bhAga 1, saMkhyA 65, san 1612 ) / paricaya - hariyogI kA vaMzAdivRtta ajJAta haiM / madrAsa rAjakIya pustakAla ke pUrvanirdiSTa hastalekha ke anta meM 'iti hariyoginaH prolanAcAryasya kRtau zAbdikAbharaNe zabvikaraNa 10 bhUvAdayo dhAtavaH samAptAH / ' pATha upalabdha hotA hai / isameM hariyogI ke pitA kA nAma prolanAcArya likhA hai / madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha saMgraha ke sUcIpatra bhAga 2 khaNDa 1A, saMkhyA 1289, pRSTha 1617 para isakA eka hastalekha aura nirdiSTa hai / 15 usake anta meM 'iti hariyoginaH zailavAcAryasya kRtau zAbdikAbharaNe dhAtupratyayapaJjikAyAM sautradhAtavaH samAptAH / ' pATha milatA haiM / ina pATha meM pitA kA nAma zailavAcArya likhA | ataH dvividha pATha kI upalabdhi ke kAraNa hariyogI ke pitA kA 20 nAma kyA thA, yaha nizcaya rUpa se kahanA azakya hai / kAla - hariyogI ke grantha kA avalokana na karane se isake kAla Adi ke viSaya meM nizcita rUpa se kucha kahanA kaThina hai / kRSNa lIlAzukamuni - viracita daiva vyAkhyAna puruSakAra meM hariyogI kA nimna sthAnoM meM ullekha milatA hai 25 1 - zrAteranukaraNamiti hariyogI / pRSTha 19 // 2 - hariyogI tu pratra 'saMjJApUrvako vidhiranityaH' ityetadanAdRtya kSeNotItyudAhArSIt / pRSTha 21 / / 3 - dhanapAlahariyogipUrNacandrAstu daratItyevAhuH / pRSTha 37 //

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104 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 4-ruTa luTa iti hariyogI / pRSTha 58 // ina uddharaNoM se vyakta hai ki hariyogI puruSakAra kRSNa lIlAzuka muni se pUrvavartI hai / kRSNa lIlAzuka muni kA kola vi0 saM0 1250 ke lagabhaga hai, yaha hama isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM bhojIya sarasvatI5 kaNThAbharaNa ke prakaraNa meM tathA zIrataraGgiNI ke upodghAta pRSTha 37 para likha cuke haiN| ataH hariyogI kA kAla samAnyatayA saM0 1200 vikrama ke lagabhaga mAnA jA sakatA hai| dhAtupratyaya-paJjikA-madrAsa ke dvitIya hastalekha kA jo pATha pUrva uddhata kiyA hai, usameM zAbdikAbharaNa ke sAtha dhAtapratyayapaJjikA nAma bhI nirdiSTa hai| isase pratIta hotA hai ki zAbdikAbharaNa kA nAmAntara 'dhAtupratyayapaJjikA' bhI hai| athavA yaha bhI saMbhava hai ki zAbdikAbharaNa vistRta grantha ho, usameM sUtrapATha aura khilapATha sabhI kA vyAkhyAna ho, aura tadantargata dhAtuprakaraNa kI vyAkhyA kA aparanAma dhAtupratyayapaJjikA rahA ho| .. anya dhAtupratyaya-paJjikA-tajaura ke hastalekha saMgraha ke sUcIpatra bhAga 10 saMkhyA 5716-5823 taka (pRSTha 4338-42) dhAtupratyayapaJjikA ke pAMca hastalekha nirdiSTa haiN| inake racayitA kA nAma dharmakoti likhA hai / eka dharmakIrti rUpAvatAra nAmaka vyAkaraNa grantha kA lekhaka hai| usakA ullekha hama isI grantha ke prathama bhAga meM 'prakriyA-granthakAra' prakaraNa meM kara cuke haiN| isa dhAtupratyayapaJjikA kA lekaka rUpAvatArakRd dharmakIrti hI hai, athavA usase bhinna vyakti hai, yaha ajJAta hai| 12. deva (saM0 1150-1200) deva nAma ke kisI vidvAn ne pANinIya dhAtupATha-viSayaka 'daiva' 1 saMjJaka eka zlokAtmaka grantha bnaayaa| isa grantha meM samAnarUpa vAlo aneka gaNoM meM paThita dhAtuoM ko vibhinna gaNoM meM par3hane kA kyA prayojana hai, isa viSaya para vicAra kiyA hai| granthakAra ne svayaM likhA hai 'ityanekavikaraNasarUpadhAtuvyAkhyAnaM devanAmnA viduSA viracitaM 30 daivaM samAptam / '

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2/14 ghAtupATha ke pracaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (2) 105 arthAt devanAmaka vidvAn dvArA aneka vikaraNoM vAlI sarUpa dhAtuoM kA deva nAmaka vyAkhyAna samApta huaa| yaha grantha zlokAtmaka hai / isameM 200 zloka haiN| paricaya deva nAmaka vidvAn ne kisa deza vA nagara athavA kisa kAla meM 5 janma liyA thA, yaha ajJAta hai| daiva grantha ke sampAdaka gaNapati zAstrI ne deva kA kAla khIstAbda kI navama zatAbdI se vArahavIM zatAbdI ke madhya mAnA hai| hamArA anumAna hai ki deva ne vikrama kI bArahavIM zatI ke antima caraNa meM 'daiva' grantha likhA thA / hamAre isa anumAna meM nimna hetu haiM 1-kSIrasvAmI ne 'daiva' grantha athavA usake granthakAra ko kahIM / smaraNa nahIM kiyaa| kSIrasvAmo kA kAla vi0 saM0 1165 paryanta hai, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiN| 2-daiva ke vyAkhyAtA kRSNa lIlAzuka muni ne aisA nirdeza kiyA hai, jisase vidita hotA hai ki deva maitreyarakSita kA anusaraNa karatA / hai| yathA (ka) devena tu 'STa veSTane stAyati tiSTApayati' iti maitreyarakSitoktatakAravisrambhAnnAyamanusRtaH / pRSTha 20 // ' ( kha ) devena tu maitreyarakSitavitrambhAdetaduktam / pRSTha 25 // (ga ) prAplu lambhane ityatra maitreyarakSitena prApayata ityAtmane- 20 padamapyudAhRtama upalabhyate / daivavazAtta tasyApi naitadastIti pratIyate / tadanusAreNa hi prAyeNa devaH pravartamAno dRzyate / pRSTha 88 // inase spaSTa hai ki deva maitreyarakSita se uttarakAlIna haiN| isalie deva kA kAla sAmAnya rUpa se 1150-1200 ke madhya hI mAnA jA sakatA hai| 25 1. daiva pUruSakAra kI yahAM udadhriyamANa pRSTha saMkhyA hamAre saskaraNa kI hai| 2. mudrita dhAtupradIpa (pRSTha 146) meM prAtmanepada upalabdha nahIM hotaa| sambhava hai pAThabhraMza ho gayA ho| sAyaNa ne bhI dhAtuvRtti (pRSTha 326) meM likhA hai- 'maitreyeNApayata ityAtmanepadamapi darzitam / '

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106 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 13. kRSNa lIlAzuka muni (saM0 1225-1300 vi0) kRSNa lIlAzuka muni ne deva-viracita daiva grantha para puruSakArasaMjJaka vArtika likhA hai / grantha ke anta meM likhA hai _ 'kRSNalIlAzukanaiva kIrtitaM daivvaartikm|' kRSNa lIlAzuka muni ke viSaya meM hama isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM bhojIya vyAkaraNa ke prasaMga meM tathA kSIrataraGgiNI ke upoddhAta pRSTha 37, 38, para vistAra se likha cuke haiM. ataH yahAM puna: nahIM likhte| 'daiva' para kRSNa lIlAzuka muni dvArA likhita 'puruSakAra vAttika' kA eka sundara saMskaraNa hamane saM0 2016 meM prakAzita kiyA hai| anya grantha 1-sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa-vyAkhyA--isa grantha ke viSaya meM hama saM0 vyA0 zAstra kA itihAsa ke prathama bhAga meM bhejIya vyAkaraNa ke prasaMga meM likha cuke haiN| 2-suppuruSakAra-sAyaNa ne mAdhavIyA dhAtuvRtti meM subdhAtu15 vyAkhyAna meM puruSakAra ke nAma se eka pATha uddhRta kiyA hai / vaha isa prakAra hai tadukta puruSakAre-'bahyatItyudAhRtyeSThani yad dRSTaM kAyaM tadapyatidizyate, na ceSThani yiT, nApISThavadbhAvazca / yiTsanniyogaziSTatvAt tadabhAve tu bhAvayatIti cintyamAptaH iti / pRSTha 428 // ___ yaha pATha mudrita daivaTIkA puruSakAra meM upalabdha nahIM hotA hai / isase pratIta hotA hai ki kRSNa lIlAzuka muni ne kadAcit subdhAtuvyAkhyAnarUpa puruSakAra granya bhI likhA ho| ___ lIlAzaka mani viracita sarasvatI-kaNThAbharaNa kI TIkA kA nAma bhI puruSakAra haiM / sambhava hai sAyaNa ne ukta uddharaNa sarasvatI-kaNThAbharaNa kI TIkA se liyA ho / parantu isameM eka vipratipatti bhI haisAyaNa ke uddharaNa meM 'na ceSThani yiT' likhA hai / parantu sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa 6 / 3 / 167 meM iSThan pare yuk kA vidhAna kiyA hai| yaha bhI sambhava ho sakatA hai ki sAyaNa ne sarasvatI-kaNThAbharaNa 'yUka'

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (2) 107 Agama ke sthAna meM 'yiT' pATha pANinIya vyAkaraNanusAra badala diyA ho / 3 - kenopaniSad - vyAkhyA--kRSNa lIlAzuka muni ne kena upaniSad para zaGkarahRdayaGgamA nAmaka eka vyAkhyA likhI thI / isakA eka hastalekha madrAsa ke rAjakIya hastalekha saMgraha meM vidyamAna hai / usakA nirdeza sUcIpatra bhAga 4 khaNDa 1 A ke pRSTha 4267 para hai / isa hastalekha ke anta meM nimna pATha hai - 'zrIkRSNalIlAzukapuniviracitAyAM zaGkarahRdayaGgamAkhyAyAM keno paniSadvyAkhyAyAm '' 4 - kRSNalIlAmRta - yaha kRSNalIlAparaka stotra grantha hai | 5- prabhinava kaustubha mAlA / 6 - dakSiNAmUrtistava - deva puraSakAra ke sampAdaka gaNapati zAstrI kA mata hai ki ye donoM grantha bhI kRSNa lIlAzuka muni viracita haiM / ina granthoM ke bhI anta meM ' iti kRSNalIlAzukamuni ityAdi puruSakArasadRza ho pATha upalabdha hotA hai / l 14. kAzyapa (saM0 1250 - 1300 vi0 ) mAdhavIyA dhAtuvRtti meM asakRt kAzyapanAmA vyAkaraNa ke dhAtuvRtti - viSayaka mata uddhRta haiM / isa se kAzyapa ne koI dhAtuvRtti racA thI, yaha spaSTa hai / isakA nizcita kAla jJAta hai / 10 15 20 isa vRtti ke jo pATha mAdhavIyA dhAtuvRtti meM uddhRta haiM unase prAyaH yahI pratIta hotI hai ki kisI kAzyapa ne pANinIya dhAtupATha para vRtti likhI thI / ; Age hama cAndra dhAtupATha ke prakaraNa meM cAndra dhAtupATha ke vRttikAra kazyapabhikSu kA ullekha kreNge| hamAre vicAra meM kAzyapa eka vacanAtazabda se usa kA nirdeza nahIM ho sktaa| hAM, kAzyapAH bahuvacanAnta 25 se nirdeza kiyA hotA to kazyapa ke matAnuyAyiyoM kA grahaNa sambhava hai / parantu sAyAdi ne ekavacanAnta kAzyapa zabda kA hI prayoga kiyA hai| 15. Atreya (saM0 1250 - 1350 ) sAyaNAcArya ne apanI mAdhavIyA dhAtuvRtti meM Atreya ke mata bahudhA

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5 saMskRta vyAkaraNa- zAstra kA itihAsa uddhRta kiye haiM / prAtreya ne dhAtupATha para koI vRtti grantha likhA thA, isakA sAkSAt ullekha sAyaNa ne pratharva-bhASya 2 / 28.5 meM kiyA hai| vaha likhatA hai - 108 priyam - yadyapi vRttau igupadhajJA0 ityatra prINAtereva grahaNaM kRtaM tathApi zrAtreya dhAtuvRttyanusAreNa zrasmAdapi ko draSTavyaH / 'musa khaNDane' para dhAtuvRtti meM sAyaNa likhatA hai - musalamiti zrasmAdeva auNAdika: kalapratyaya iti vadatorAtreya - maitreyayoranyeSAM " / pRSTha 308 / ...... zrAtreya maitreyAbhyAmapi svAdezchAndateSu paThitasya kSerdhAto 10 pRSTha 356 / yahAM pANinIya dhAtupATha ke vyAkhyAtA maitreya ke sAtha AtreyakA ullekha hone se vidita hotA hai ki Atreya ne pANinIya dhAtupATha para hI vRtti likhI thI / prathama uddharaNa meM bhI pANinIya sUtra aura usakI vRtti kA nirdeza bhI hamAre isa anubhAna meM sAdhaka haiM / 15 zrAtreya kA kAla - prAtreya kA kAla ajJAta hai / sAyaNa ne prAtreya kA sAkSAt ullekha kiyA haiM / isaliye yaha sAyaNa ( 1400 vi0 ) se pUrvavartI hai / itanA spaSTa hai / yaha isakI uttara sImA hai / sAyaNa ne dhAtuvRtti pRSTha 358 para Atreya kA eka pATha isa prakAra uddhRta kiyA hai-- zratrAtreyaH - 'kathaM kriyatIti puruSakAra:' ityupAdAya vyatyayo bahulamiti karmaNyapi parasmaipadasiddhe ityuktamityAha / isa uddharaNa meM smRta 'puruSakAra' kRSNa lIlAzuka muni viracita 'daivam' grantha kI puruSakAra vArtika vyAkhyA nahIM hai, kyoMki usa meM yaha 25 1. hamane 'saM0 vyA0 zAstra kA itihAsa grantha ke purAne saMskaraNa meM Atreya ko kAtantra dhAtupATha kA vRttikAra likhA thA / usakI AlocanA paM0 jAnakIprasAda dviveda ne apane 'kAtantra vyAkaraNa vimarza' nAmaka zodha prabandha ke pRSTha 66 para kI hai / use yuktiyukta mAnakara prAtreya ke prakaraNa ko kAtantra dhAtupATha ke prakaraNa se haTAkara hamane yahAM jor3A hai / bhUla darzAne ke liye granthakAra kA dhanyavAda /

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (2) 106 pATha nahIM hai / bhojIya sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa vyAkaraNa kI vyAkhyA kA nAma bhI puruSakAra hai / vaha abhI taka pramudrita hai / ataH usameM ukta pATha hai vA nahIM, yaha hameM jJAta nahIM / yadi puruSakAra kRSNa lIlAzuka muni praNIta grantha hI ho, tatra Atreya kI pUrva sImA vi0 saM0 1225 hogI / isa vasthA meM dhAtuvRtti ke pUrva uddhRta zrAtreya maitreyayoH, AtreyamaitreyAbhyAm pAThoM meM Atreya kA pUrvanipAta prajAdyajantam (zraSTA0 22|33) niyama se jAnanA cAhie, na ki kAla ke paurvAparya se / mAdhavIyA dhAtuvRtti meM eka pATha hai tra kecidasaMyogAdi tIbha iti dIrghAntaM caturthamapi paThanti ityAtreyaH / pRSTha 285 / 10 isa uddharaNa kI kSIrataraGgiNI ke tima tima STima prArdobhAve (4 / 15) sUtra ke sAtha tulanA karane se pratIta hotA hai ki yahAM Atreya 'kecit ' pada se kSIrasvAmI kA nirdeza karatA hai / kSIrasvAmI kA kAla 1115-1165 vi0 ke madhya hai yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiN| yadi kathaMcit pramANAntara se yaha siddha ho jAye ki pUrva uddharaNa meM smRta 15 puruSakAra kRSNa lIlAzuka muni kA grantha nahIM hai, to Atreya kI pUrvasImA 1965 vi0 hogI / 14. helArAja (1350 vi0 se pUrva ) helArAja nAma ke kisI vaiyAkaraNa ne pANinIya dhAtupATha para koI vRtti likhI thI / isa vRttikAra kA ullekha mAdhavIyA dhAtuvRtti 20 meM milatA hai-- 'svAmI saMhitAyAM dhAtupAThAd 'vA' zabdamuttaradhAtuzeSaM vaSTi / tannipAtasya vA zabdasya 'ca' zabdAdivat pUrvaprayogo neti helArAjI - yAdau samarthanAd prayuktam / pRSTha 397 / isa uddharaNa meM smRta helArAja vAkyapadIya kA TIkAkAra helA- 25 rAja hai vA usase bhinna, yaha ajJAta hai / yadi yaha vAkyapadIya kA TIkA kAhI hove to isa kA kAla 11vIM zatI kA uttarArdha hogA / isa 2. 'pata gatau vA paza anupasargAt ' ( kSIra0 10 246 - 250) dhAtusUtre /

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ro 110 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa viSaya meM nizcaya na hone se hamane helArAja ko sAyaNa se pUrva rakhA hai| helArAjIya liGgAnuzAsana kA varNana hama Age 25veM adhyAya meM kreNge| 15. sAyaNa ( saM0 1372-1444 vi0) saMskRta vAGamaya meM sAyaNa kA nAma atyanta prasiddha hai| sAyaNa ne apane jyeSTha bhrAtA mAdhava ke nAma se pANinoya dhAtupATha para eka dhAtUvRtti likhI hai / vaha vaiyAkaraNa vAGamaya meM mAdhavIyA dhAtuvRtti athavA kevala dhAtuvRtti nAma se prasiddha hai| saMkSipta paricaya sAyaNa ne svaviracita vividha granthoM meM apanA paricaya diyA hai| tadanusAra isakA saMkSipta paricaya isa prakAra hai"-- sAyaNa ke pitA kA nAma mAyaNa, mAtA kA nAma zrImatI, jyeSTha bhrAtA kA nAma mAdhava, aura kaniSTha kA nAma bhoganAtha thaa| sAyaNa 15 kA bhAradvAja gotra taittirIya saMhitA aura bodhAyana sUtra thaa| isakA janma vi0 saM0 1372 meM aura svargavAsa vi0 saM0 1444 meM hamA thaa| sAyaNa ne 31 varSa kI avasthA meM vijayanagara ke mahArAjA harihara prathama ke anuja kampaNa (vi0 saM0 1403-112) kA mantripada alaMna kRta kiyA thaa| tatpazcAt kampaNa putra saMgama kA zikSaka tathA mantripada (vi0 saM0 1412-1420) svIkAra kiyaa| tadanantara bukka prathama (vi0 saM0 1421-1437) kA tathA harihara dvitIya (vi0 saM0 1438-1444) kA amAtyapada suzobhita kiyaa| dhAtuvRtti kA nirmANa-kAla 25 dhAtuvRtti ke Adi aura anta ke pAThoM se vidita hotA hai ki 1. jo mahAnubhAva sAyaNa mAdhava ke viSaya meM adhika vistAra se jAnanA cAhate haiM, ve zrI paM0 va tadeva upAdhyAya viracita 'prAcArya sAyaNa aura mASava' grantha dekheN|

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (2) 111 sAyaNa ne saMgama nRpati ke rAjyakAla meM dhAtuvRtti likha thii| tadyathA Adi meM-astizrIsaMgamakSmApaH pRthivItalapurandaraH / yatkotimauktikamAdarza trilokyAM pratibimbate / / anta meM-iti pUrvadakSiNapazcimasamudrAdhIzvarakamparAjasuta- 5 saMgamamahArAjamahAmantriNA mAyaNasutena mAdhavasahodareNa sAyaNAcAryeNa viracitAyAM dhAtuvRttau curAdayaH sampUrNAH / isase vidita hotA hai ki dhAtuvRtti vikrama saM0 1412-1420 ke madhya kisI samaya likhI gii| dhAtuvRtti kA nirmANa sAyaNa ke nAma se jo mahato grantharAzi upalabdha hotI hai, usako nirantara vijayanagara rAjya ke mantripada ke bhAra ko vahana karate hue sAyaNa ne hI likhA ho, yaha vizvAsArha nahIM hai| pratIta hotA hai usane apane nirdeza meM aneka sahAyaka vidvAnoM ke dvArA ye grantha likhvaae| yahI kAraNa hai ki sAyaNa ke nAma se prasiddha granthoM meM aneka sthAnoM para 15 paraspara virodha bhI upalabdha hotA hai| aisI avasthA meM sAyaNa ne mAdhavIyA dhAtuvRtti kisa vidvAn ke dvArA likhavAI, yaha jijJAsA svabhAvataH utpanna hotI hai / dhAtu vRtti meM do sthAnoM para aise pATha upalabdha hote haiM, jinase pratIta hotA haiM ki dhAtuvRtti ke lekhaka kA nAma yajJanArAyaNa thA / yathA1-'kramu pAdavikSepe' sUtra ke vyAkhyAna ke anta meM likhA haiyajJanArAyaNAryeNa prakriyeyaM prpnycitaa| tasyA niHzeSatassantu boddhAro bhASyapAragAH // pRSTha 67 / 2-isI prakAra 'mavya bandhane' sUtra ke anta meM bhI likhA hai atrApi ziSyabodhAya prakriyeyaM prpnycitaa| yajJanArAyaNAryeNa budhyatAM bhASyapAragaH // pRSTha 102 / dhAtuvRtti kA vaiziSTya sAyaNa kI dhAtuvRtti se prAcIna maitreyarakSita aura kSIrasvAmI kI do ghAtuvRttiyAM samprati upalabdha haiN| ye donoM saMkSipta haiN| inameM bhI 20 25

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112 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 10 maitreya kA dhAtupradIpa saMkSiptatara hai| ina donoM dhAtuvRttiyoM ke sAhAyya se vidvAn puruSa bhI dhAturUpI gahana vana kA avagAhana karane meM asamartha rahate haiM, punaH sAdhAraNa janoM kA to kyA khnaa| ina vRttiyoM meM pratyeka ghAta ke Nijanta, sannanta, yaGanta Adi prakriyAyoM ke rUpa pradarzita 5 hI nahIM kie / mAdhavIyA dhAtuvatti meM prAyaH sabhI dhAtuoM ke Nijanta Adi prakriyAoM ke rUpa saMkSepa se pradarzita kie haiN| itanA hI nahIM, jina rUpoM ke viSaya meM vidvAnoM meM matabheda hai, unake viSaya meM prAcIna prAcAryoM ke vividha matoM ko uddhRta karake nirNayAtmaka rUpa meM apanA mata likhA haiM / yadyapi aneka sthAnoM para atisUkSma vicAra kI carcA hone se yaha grantha kucha kaThina bhI ho gayA hai, tathApi buddhimAna adhyApakoM ke lie yaha parama sahAyaka hai| siddhAntakaumudI ke pracalana se pUrva pANinIya vaiyAkaraNoM meM dhAturATha ke paThanapAThana ko kyA zaMlo pracalita thI, isakA vAstavika jJAna isI grantha se hotA haiM / jo loga pANinIya krama kA ullaGghana (jo ki kaumudo Adi granthoM meM kiyA gayA hai) na karake ArSakrama se hI pANinIya tantra kA adhyayana-adhyApana karanA cAhate haiM, unake lie yaha 'dhAtuvRtti grantha kAzikAvRtti ke samAna hI parama sahAyaka hai| prakriyAgranthoM ke antargata dhAtuvyAkhyAna vikrama kI 12 vIM zatI se pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke paThana-pAThana meM , pANinIya zabdAnuzAsana ke sUtra-krama kA parityAga karake prakriyAkrama se vyAkaraNa-adhyayana-adhyApana kI pravRtti prArambha huii| prakriyAgranthakAroM ne dhAtUpATha kA bho uso ke bhItara antarbhAva kara liyaa| isalie una granthoM meM dhAtupATha kI vyAkhyA hone para bhI ve sIdhe dhAtuvyAkhyAna ke grantha nahIM kahe jA skte| 25 itanA hI nahIM, ina prakriyAgranthakAroM ne jisa prakAra zabdAnu zAsana ke sUtra-krama ko bhaGga kiyA, usI prakAra dhAtUpATha kI paramparA se calI A rahI paThana-pAThana kI prakriyA kA bhI parityAga kara diyaa| prAcIna paThana-pAThana-paripATo ke anusAra pratyeka dhAtu kI dasoM prakri yAtroM ke dasoM lakAroM ke sabhI rUpoM kA jJAna chAtroM ko karAyA jAtA 30 thaa| parantu prakriyAgranyakAroM ne kevala sAmAnya karta prakriyA ke katipaya rUpoM kA hI nidarzana dhAtuvyAkhyAna meM karAyA haiN| zeSa bhAva,

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2/ 15 dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (2) 113 karma, Nijanta, sannanta Adi sabhI prakriyAoM kA nidarzana anta meM katipaya dhAtu dvArA hI karAyA hai| isa prakriyA se adhyayana karanevAle chAtroM ko saba dhAtuoM kI sabhI prakriyAoM ke rUpa gatArtha nahIM hote / leT lakAra kA to chandomAtra gocara: kaha kara nidarzana karanA hI vyartha samajhA / svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI kI mahattA - daNDI svAmI virajAnanda sarasvatI aura unake ziSya svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ne pANinIya krama ke punaraddhAra kA jo mahAn prayatna kiyA, usakA ullekha hama isI grantha ke prathama bhAga meM mahAbhASya ke prakaraNa meM kara cuke haiM / jisa prakAra se unhoMne sampUrNa bhAratavarSa meM pravRtta prakriyAgranthAnusArI 10 pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke paThana-pAThana ke viruddha vajranirghoSa karake punaH pANinIya krama ko pratiSThita kiyA, usI prakAra svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ne pANinIya dhAtupATha kI prAcIna paThana-pAThana zailI ke parityAga se hone vAlI mahatI hAni ko jAnakara punaH dhAtupATha kI prAcIna paThana-pAThana - zailI arthAt pratyeka dhAtu kI sabhI prakriyAoM ke sabhI 15 lakAroM ke rUpasiddhizailI ko pratiSThita kiyaa| unhoMne satyArthaprakAza nAmaka grantha meM paThana-pAThana - vidhi para likhate hue dhAtupATha ke prasaMga meM likhA hai isI prakAra aSTAdhyAyI par3hAke dhAtupATha prArthasahita aura daza lakAroM tathA prakriyAsahita sUtroM ke utsarga" / tRtIya samullAsa' / 20 isI prakAra saMskAravidhi meM bhI likhA hai ...... " dhAtupATha zraura daza lakAroM ke rUpa sadhavAnA, tathA daza prakriyA bhI sadhavAnI / puna: / vedArambha saMskAra' / jina prakriyApranthoM meM dhAtupATha kA prasaMgataH vyAkhyAna huA hai, unake tathA unake lekhakoM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM dharmakIrti 16 - rUpAvatAra 1140 vai0 ke lagabhaga 17- prakriyAratna 1300 bai0 se pUrva 18 - rUpamAlA vimala sarasvatI 1400 bai0 se pUrva 1. pRSTha 88, rAlAkaTra0 saMska0 / 2. pRSTha 142, rAlAkaTra0 saMska0 3 / 25

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114 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 19-prakriyAkaumudI rAmacandra 1450 vai0 lagabhaga 20-siddhAntakaumudI bhaTToji dIkSita 1570-1650 vai0 21-prakriyAsarvasva nArAyaNa bhaTTa 1617-1733 vai0 inameM se prArambha ke cAra granthoM meM dhAtupATha kI sampUrNa dhAtuoM kA vyAkhyAna nahIM kiyA hai| uttaravartI do granthoM me yadyapi sabhI dhAtoM ke rUpa pradarzita kie haiM, tathApi unameM kevala zuddha kartaprakriyA ke ho rUpa likhe haiN| bhAva, karma, Nijanta Adi prakriyA ke pradarzana ke lie anta meM kucha dhAtuoM ke rUpa darzAe haiM / ina granthoM meM kucha bhI vaiziSTya nahIM hai| 10 uparyukta granthoM para bahuta se vyAkhyA-grantha bhI likhe ge| siddhAnta kaumudI ke paThana-pAThana meM adhika pracalita hone se isa para aneka vyAkhyA-grantha likhe ge| ina granthoM, inake lekhakoM tathA ina para TIkA-TippaNI likhanevAle vaiyAkaraNoM ke kAla Adi viSaya meM hama isI grantha ke 'pANinIya 15 vyAkaraNa ke prakriyA-granthakAra' nAmaka 16 veM adhyAya (prathama bhAga) meM vistAra se likha cuke haiM / usakA puna: yahAM likhanA piSTapeSamAtra hogA / ataH saMketamAtra karake hama isa prakaraNa ko samApta karate haiN| isa prakAra isa adhyAya meM pANinIya dhAtupATha aura usake vyAkhyAtAmoM ke viSaya meM likhakara agale adhyAya meM pANini se arvAcIna 20 dhAtupATha-pravaktA aura unake vyAkhyAtAoM ke viSaya meM likheNge|

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bAisavAM adhyAya dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyA (3) (pANini se uttaravartI) AcArya pANini se sahasroM varSa pUrva vyAkaraNa-zAstra-pravacana kI jisa dhArA kA Arambha indra se huA, aura pANiniparyanta avicchinna 5 rUpa se pahuMcI, vaha dhArA pANini ke anantara bhI ajasrarUpa se bahatI rhii| hAM, isa dhArA ne uttaravartI kAla meM eka viziSTa dizA kI ora mukha mor3A / vaha dhiziSTa dizA hai-kevala laukika saMskRta ke zabdoM kA anvAkhyAna / ' isa kAraNa pANini se uttaravartI vyAkaraNa vaidika granthoM ke parizIlana meM kiJcit bhI sahAyaka nahIM hote| 10 kucha Age calakara isa dhArA ne dUsarA mor3a liyaa| vaha mor3a haisAmpradAyikatA kA / jainendra, jaina zAkaTAyana, haima Adi vyAkaraNa ekamAtra sAmpradAyika haiN| inhIM ke anukaraNa para utara kAla meM harilIlAmRta Adi katipaya aise bhI vyAkaraNa likhe gae, jo atha se iti paryanta sAmpradAyikatA ke raMga meM raMge hue haiN| sAmpradAyikatA ke isa 15 yuga kA nyUnAdhika prabhAva pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke vyAkhyAtA jayAdityavAmana, bhaTToji dIkSita Adi para bhI spaSTa dikhAI detA hai / ina logoM ne aneka sthAnoM para prAcIna paramparAgata udAharaNoM kA parityAga kara ke svasampradAyavizeSa se sambaddha udAharaNa apanI-apanI vyAkhyAnoM meM die haiN| hAM, itanA avazya hai ki jayAditya aura vAmana kI kAzikA 20 meM yaha sAmpradAyika kI pravRtti nAmamAtra haiM / isa kAraNa inhoMne cAra sthAnoM ko chor3akara anyatra sarvatra prAcIna paramparAgata udAharaNoM kI hI rakSA kI hai| 1. isa meM cAndra aura sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa apavAdarUpa haiN| cAndra vyAkaraNa meM svaravaidika prakaraNa kA samAveza thA, parantu uttarakAla meM adhyetAnoM ke 25 pramAdavaza yaha prakaraNa naSTa ho gyaa| dra0-bhAga 1, cAndra vyAkaraNa prakaraNa / 2. yahI grantha, bhAga 1, kAzikA-vRtti kA mahattva' prkrnn|

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10 saMskRta-vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa arvAcIna vyAkaraNa-pravaktAoM meM se pradhAnabhUta nimna aThAraha vaiyAkaraNoM kA varNana hamane isa grantha ke pandrahaveM adhyAya meM kiyA hai10 - - bhadrezvara sUri 11 - vardhamAna 12 - hemacandra 13 - malayagiri 14 - kramadIzvara 116 1 - kAtantrakAra 2 - candragomI 3- kSapaNaka 4 - devanandI 5 - vAmana 6 -- pAlyakIrti - zivasvAmI 8 - bhojadeva 6 - buddhisAgara 7--- 15 - sArasvatakAra 16 - vopadeva 17 - padmanAbha 18 - vinayasAgara aba hama arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNoM meM se jinake dhAtupATha samprati upalabdha athavA parijJAta haiM, unake viSaya meM kramazaH likhate haiM 7. kAtantradhAtu- pravaktA (1500 vi0 pUrva ) 15 kAtantra vyAkaraNa loka meM kalApa, kalApaka, kaumAra Adi aneka nAmoM se prasiddha hai / kAtantra vyAkaraNa ke kAla Adi ke viSaya meM hama isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM vistAra se likha cuke haiM / kAtantra dhAtupATha kAtantra vyAkaraNa kA apanA eka svatantra dhAtupATha hai / isa ke 20 nyUnAtinyUna do pATha haiM / kAtantra dhAtupATha kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha kA saMkSepa - kAtantra dhAtupATha kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha kA saMkSepa hai, yaha hama kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha ke prakaraNa meM ( bhAga 2, pRSTha 34-35) likha cuke haiM / 25 kAtantra dhAtupATha ke hastalekha - kAtantra dhAtupATha ke hastalekha prati virala upalabdha hote haiM / hamane bar3e prayatna se isa dhAtupATha ke do hastalekhoM kI pratilipiyAM prApta kI haiN| ina pratilipiyoM ke prApta hone para hI hama isa nirNaya para pahuMce ki kAtantra dhAtupATha kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha kA saMkSepa hai / isase pUrva hama DA0 libiza dvArA prakAzita

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (2) 117 kSIrataraGgiNI ke anta meM chApe gaye dhAtupATha ke tibbatI anuvAda ko hI kAtantra kA dhAtupATha samajhate the| ___ kAtantra dhAtupATha kA punaH zarvavarmA dvArA saMkSepa kSIrataraGgiNI ke prAdya sampAdaka jarmana vidvAn libiza ne kSIrataraGgiNI ke anta meM zarvavarmakRta dhAtupATha kA tibbatI-anavAda prakA- 5 zita kiyA hai / yadi yaha tibbatI anuvAda zarvavarmaprokta dhAtupATha kA akSarazaH anuvAda ho to mAnanA hogA ki zarvavarmA ne prAcIna kAtantra dhAtupATha' kA koI saMkSepa kiyA thA aura usI kA yaha anuvAda hai| kotha kA bhI kahanA hai ki zarvavarmA kA dhAtupATha kevala tibbato anuvAda meM upalabdha hotA hai / ___DA0 rAmaavadha pANDeya (kAzo) ne 20-12-61 ke patra meM hameM sUcanA dI thI ki kAtantra dhAtupATha ke do prakAra ke pATha milate haiN| gata varSa (saM0 2040) ke prArambha meM DA. rAma avadha pANDeya ne kAtantra dhAtupATha kI eka pratilipi bhejI hai| vaha zarvavarmakRta saMkSipta saMskaraNa kI hai / mudrita daurgavRttisAra meM chape dhAtupATha ke sAtha paM0 15 rAmaavadha pANDeya dvArA preSita pratilipi prAyaH samatA rakhatI hai| aba hameM yaha nizcaya ho gayA hai ki prAcIna kAtantra dhAtupATha kA zarvavarmA ne pUnaH saMkSepa kiyA thaa| vartamAna kAtantra vyAkaraNa bho kAzakRtsna vyAkaraNa ke saMkSepI-bhUta prAcIna kAtantra vyAkaraNa kA saMkSepa hai aura yaha saMkSepa bhI zarvavarmA ne kiyA thA / aisA mAnane para sAtavAhana 20 nRpati kI vaha kathA bhI upapanna ho jAtI hai, jisa meM zarvavarmA dvArA . cha mAsa meM vyAkaraNa kA jJAna karane kA ullekha hai| vRttikAra durgasiMha dvArA punaH pariSkAra paM0 jAnakIprasAda dviveda ne 'kAtantra vyAkaraNa-vimarza' meM likhA 1. isa dhAtupATha ke kaI hastalekha vibhinna hastalekha-saMgrahAlayoM meM vidyamAna 25 hai| kAzI sarasvatI bhavana ke eka hastalekha kI pratilipi hamAre pAsa hai| eka dUsare koza kI pratilipi DA. rAmazaMkara bhaTTAcArya ne karake hameM bhejI thii| 2. hisTrI Apha saMskRta liTarecara, hindI anuvAda, pRSTha 511 / 3. yaha dorgavRttisAra 'pablikezana borDa Apha asama' kalakattA se san 1977 meM punaH chapA hai|

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118 saMskRta vyAkaraNa- zAstra kA itihAsa hai ki vRttikAra durgasiMha ne kAtantra dhAtupATha kA pariSkAra kiyA thA / isameM manoramAkAra ramAnAtha kA nimna vacana uddhRta kiyA haidurgasahastvamUn eka yogaM kRtvA vaiklavye paThati nAlAdarodanayoH / 5 katantra dhAtupATha ke hamAre pAsa vidyamAna bRhat ra laghu donoM pAThoM meM kadi Rdi kladi AhvAne rodane ca klidi paridevane vibhakta pATha hI upalabdha hotA hai / ataH manoramAkAra ramAnAtha ke pUrvoddhRta uddharaNa se 'durgAsiMha dvArA zavavarmIya kAtantra dhAtupATha kA punaH pariSkAra' kI prAmANikatA spaSTa hai / parantu Azcarya kI bAta yaha hai ki AnandarAya bahuvA viracita kAtantra dhAtuvRttisAra, jo 'pablikezana borDa asama' kalakattA dvArA san 1977 meM daurgavRttisAra ke nAma se chapA hai, usa meM pRSTha 2, dhAtu saMkhyA 32-35 taka kadi kladi Rdi AhnAne rodane ca, klidi paridevane do dhAtusUtra hI chape haiM / prataH jaba taka ramAnAtha kI manoramA 15 vRtti svayaM na dekhI jAye, nirNaya karanA kaThina hai / vRttikAra 10 kAtantra dhAtupATha ke prAcIna bRhatpATha para koI vRtti upalabdha nahIM hotI hai / zarvavarmA dvArA saMkSipta kAtantra dhAtupATha ke nimna vRttikAroM kA hameM parijJAna hai - 20 1 - zarvavarmA (saM0 400 - 500 vi0 pUrva) zarvavarmA ne kAtantra vyAkaraNa para eka vRtti likhI thI. yaha hama isI grantha ke prathama bhAga meM kAtantra vyAkaraNa ke prakaraNa meM likha cuke haiM / zarvavarmA ne svayaM saMkSipta kiye kAtantra dhAtupATha para koI 25 vRtti likhI thI, isakA sAkSAt pramANa to upalabdha nahIM hotA, tathApi kavikalpadruma kI durgAdAsa viracita dhAtudIpikA meM nimna vacana upalabdha hotA hai 1. kAtantra vimarza, pRSTha 15 / dviveda jI ne kucha aura bhI pramANa diye haiM, unheM unake grantha meM hI dekheM /

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAta (3) 116 vizeSaH pANineriSTaH sAmAnyaM zarvarmaNaH / pRSTha 8 / arthAt svaritet aura jit dhAtuoM se karjabhiprAya kriyAphala dyotita hone para prAtmanepada hotA hai aura akarSabhiprAya kriyAphala gamyamAna hone para parasmaipada hotA hai, aisA vizeSa niyama' pANini ko iSTa hai / sAmAnya arthAt svagAmI paragAmI donoM prakAra ke kriyA 5 phaloM meM donoM pada hote haiM, yaha zarvavarmA ko iSTa hai / ___ isa uddharaNa se zarvavarmA ne svIya dhAtupATha para koI vRtti grantha likhA thA, isa kI spaSTa pratIti hotI hai| zarvavarmA ke kAla Adi ke viSaya meM hama pUrva prathama bhAga meM kAtantra vyAkaraNa ke prakaraNa meM likha cuke haiN| 2-durgasiMha (saM0 700 vi0) AcArya durgasiMha ne zarvavarmA dvArA saMkSipta kAtantra dhAtupATha para eka vRtti likhI thii| isake uddharaNa vyAkaraNa vAGmaya meM bahudhA uddhRta haiM / yaha vRtti itanI mahattvapUrNa hai ki isa vRtti ke sAhacarya se kAtantra dhAtupATha bhI durga ke nAma se prasiddha ho gyaa| kSIrasvAmI ne 15 mUla kAtantra dhAtupATha ke uddharaNa bhI durgaH athavA daurgAH ke nAma se uddhata kiye haiN| katipaya zodha-kartAoM kA yaha bhI vicAra hai ki durgAcArya ne zarvavarmA ke dhAtupATha kA pariSkAra kiyA thA (dra0 kAtantra vimarza pRSTha 65-67) / aisA svIkAra karane para bhI kiMcit parikAra kara dene se zarvavarmA dvArA saMkSipta dhAtupATha kA vyAkhyAtA durgasiMha mAnA hI jA sakatA hai / sAyaNa ne pANinIya dhAtupATha kA bharapUra 1. isa grantha ke pUrva saMskaraNa meM hamane yaha vizeSa niyama curAdigaNastha dhAtuoM ke liye likhA thaa| isakI AlocanA paM0 jAnakIprasAda dviveda ne 'kAtantra vyAkaraNa vimarza' nAmaka zodhaprabandha meM pRSTha 84 para kI hai| dvivedajI kA lekha jitane aMza meM hameM ucita pratIta humA tadanusAra hamane yahAM saMzodhana 25 kara diyA hai / parantu unakA mata 'zarvavarmA ne dhAtupATha para koI vRtti nahIM likhI thI' yaha aMza hameM ucita pratIta nahIM hotA / zarvavarmA ne sUtrapATha para vRtti likhI ho aura dhAtupATha para vRtti na likhI ho, yaha kaise svIkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai ? 20 .

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120 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa pariSkAra kiyA taba bhI use pANinIya dhAtupATha kA vyAkhyAtA mAnA hI jAtA hai| durgavRtti ke kaI hastalekha vibhinna pustakAlayoM meM vidyamAna haiM, parantu ve sabhI prAyaH apUrNa haiN| isa vRtti kA prakAzana atyA5 vazyaka hai| durgasiMha ke kAla Adi ke viSaya meM hama prathama bhAga meM kAtantra ke vyAkhyAkAra prakaraNa meM vistAra se likha cuke haiN| ___3-trilocanadAsa (saM0 1100?) dargasiMha kRta kAtantra vRtti para paJcikA nAmnI vyAkhyA ke " lekhaka trilocanadAsa ne kAtantra dhAtupATha para 'dhAtupArAyaNa' nAma kI vyAkhyA likhI thii| isa ke kaI pramANa paM0 jAnakIprasAda dviveda ne apane kAtantra vyAkaraNa vimarza ke pRSTha 97 para diye haiN| ve isa prakAra haiM 1-pavargapaJcamAdiriti trilocanaH (manoramA, bhU0 60) / 15 2-[vella] nAyamastIti durgatrilocanau ( manoramA, bhU0 180) / 3-da vidAraNe iti taiyAdikasyeha pATho mAnubandhArtho na punaH prakRtyantarAbhidhAnAditi trilocanAdayaH (mano0 bhU0 522) / 4-cAt prakRtAyAM gatau iti trilocanAdayaH (mano0 bhU0 20 573) / 5-vRditi trilocana: / vastutastvatra vRcchando nAsti / vRttI rudhAdipaJcako gaNa iti vyAkhyAnAta (mano0 a0 35) trilocanadAsa kI vRtti kA nAma dhAtupArAyaNa thA, yaha nimna uddharaNa se jJAta hotA hai| . 1. kA0 vyA0 vimarza pRSTha 66 para yahAM (mucha pramAde bhU0 60) aisA pATha uddhRta kiyA hai| hamAre kAtantra dhAtupATha ke hastalekhoM meM 'yUcha pramAdeM' pATha hai| yahI zuddha hai| 'mucha pATha meM 'pavargapaJcamAdiriti trilocana: nirdeza ho hI nahIM sakatA hai| kyoMki vaha pavargapaJcamAdi hI hai|

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2/6 dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (3) 121 6 - dhAtupArAyaNe trilocanena khannAtIti darzitam, tattu lekhakapramAda eveti ( kalApacandra 3 / 2035 ) | trilocana kA yahI mata ramAnAtha ne manoramA dhAtuvRtti meM bhI uddhRta kiyA hai dhAtupArAyaNe tu khagnAtItyudAhRtamitivistaravRttAvuktam (mano0 5 RyAdi 50 ) / trilocanadAsa ke kAla Adi ke viSaya meM hama prathama bhAga meM kAtantra vyAkaraNa ke vyAkhyAtA prakaraNa meM likha cuke haiM / 4 ramAnAtha (saM0 1563 vi0 ) ramAnAtha ne kAtantra dhAtupATha para eka vRttigrantha likhA thA, isa 10 kI sUcanA kavikalpadruma ke vyAkhyAtA durgAdAsa vidyAvAgIza kRta dIpikA se milatI hai| durgAdAsa likhatA hai - 'bharaNaM poSaNa pUraNaM vA iti kAtantradhAtuvRttau ramAnAthaH / pRSTha 48 / durgAdAsa ne ramAnAthakRta dhAtuvRti ke aneka uddharaNa apanI dhAtudIpikA meM uddhRta kie haiM / 15 paricaya - ramAnAthakRta dhAtuvRtti hamAre dekhane meM nahIM AI / isalie isake vaMza aura deza Adi ke viSaya meM hameM kucha bhI jJAta nahIM / M kAla- rAmanAthakRta kAtantra - dhAtuvRtti kA eka hastalekha iNDiyA grAphisa ( landana) ke pustakAlaya meM vidyamAna hai / usakA ullekha iNDiyA Aphisa pustakAlaya ke hastalekha sUcIpatra bhAga 1 khaNDa 2 saMkhyA 775 para hai| isa hastalekha ke anta meM nimna pATha hai'vasubANabhuvanagaNite zAke dharmadravItIre / kAtantradhAtuvRttinirmitavAn ramAnAthaH // ' arthAt - ramAnAtha ne 1458 zaka meM kAtantra vyAkaraNasambandhI dhAtuvRtti grantha likhA / isase spaSTa hai ki ramAnAtha kA kAla ( zaka saM0 1458+ 135 = ) 1593 vikrama hai / baMgAla meM zAlivAhana zaka saMvat kA 20 25

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122 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa pracAra na hone se tathA zaka aura zAka' zabdoM kA saMvat kA paryAya hone se sambhava hai yahAM nirdiSTa 1458 vikrama saMvat hove / dhAtuvRtti kA nAma-ramAnAthakRta kAtantra-dhAtuvRtti kA nAma manoramA hai / isakA eka hastalekha jammU ke hastalekhasaMgraha meM bhI vidya5 mAna hai| isakA nirdeza hastalekha saMgraha ke sUcIpatra pRSTha 40 para upa labdha hotA hai| ___ nAthIya dhAtuvRtti-vandyaghaTIya sarvAnanda ne amaraTIkAsarvasva meM kisI nAthIya dhAtuvRtti kA nimna pATha uddhRta kiyA hai 'nAthIyadhAtuvRttAvapi koSavanmUrdhanyaSatvaM tAlavyazatvaM coktam / ' 10 206 / 100; bhAga 2, pRSTha 360 / ___ sarvAnanda kA kAla vi0 saM0 1215 hai| ataH amaraTIkAsarvasva meM udghata nAthIya dhAtuvRtti rama nAthakRta nahIM ho sktii| yaha nAthIya dhAtuvRtti kisa kI hai, tathA kisa vyAkaraNa se sambaddha hai, yaha anusandhAtavya hai| 8. candragomI (saM0 1000 vi0 pU0) AcArya candragomo-prokta zabdAnuzAsana tathA usake dezakAla Adi ke viSaya meM isI grantha ke prathama bhAga meM cAndra vyAkaraNa ke prasaMga meM hama vistAra se likha cuke haiM / ataH yahAM piSTapeSaNa karanA ucita nahIM hai cAndra-dhAtupATha AcArya candragomI ne svIya tantra ke liye upayogI dhAtupATha kA bhI pravacana kiyA thaa| yaha dhAtupATha samprati upalabdha haiM / bruno libiza ne cAndravyAkaraNa ke sAtha ise prakAzita kiyA hai| 25 1. zAkapArthivAdInAmupasaMkhyAnam (mahA0 2 / 1 / 68) vArtika meM nirdiSTa zAkapArthiva ve kahAte haiM jo saMvatsara ke pravartaka hote haiN| zaka eva zAkaH, prajJAdi se svArtha meM aNpratyaya / haradatta ne kAzikA 201160 meM paThita ukta vAttika ke vyAkhyAna meM tasyAbhyavahAreSu zAkapriyatvAt pradhAnam artha likhA hai, vaha cintya hai| dra. hamArI mahAbhASya hindIvyAkhyA 2 / 168, bhAga 3, pRSTha 174 /

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (3) 123 kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha kA prabhAva-cAndra dhAtupATha para kozakRtsna dhAtupATha kI pravacana-zailI kA paryApta prabhAva hai| isakA nidarzana hama kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha ke prakaraNa (bhAga 2, pRSTha 34-35) meM karA cuke haiN| pAThabhraMza cAndra-dhAtupATha kA jo pATha libiza ne sampAdita karake 5 prakAzita kiyA hai, usameM bahutra pAThabhraMza upalabdha hotA hai / yathA 1-dhAtasUtra 11366 (pRSTha 13, kAlama 1) kA mudrita pATha haikeba peba meba reba gatau / yaha pATha cintya hai, kyoMki prakaraNa pAnta dhAturoM kA hai| dhAtusUtra 364-401 taka pAnta dhAtueM par3hI hai, usake pazcAt bAnta dhAtuoM kA pATha prArambha hotA hai| 2-dhAtusUtra 1415 kA mudrita pATha haiM-zrambhu prmaade| dhAtu vRtti meM isake viSaya meM spaSTa nirdeza hai-dantyAdiriti candraH (pRSTha 86) / tadanusAra yahAM zuddha pATha sambhu pramAde honA cAhie / 3-dhAtusUtra 1 / 104 ke kaTI i gatau pATha meM 'i' dhAtu hrasva ikArarUpa hai, parantu dhAtupradIpa pRSTha 29 meM maitreya ne dIrghamicchanti 15 cAndrAH kA nirdeza karake cAndra pATha 'I' darzAyA hai| 4-kSIrataraGgiNI meM kSIrasvAmI ne pANinIya dhAtupATha 11565 kA pATha syamu svana stana dhvana zabde likhakara STana iti candraH (pRSTha 115) likhA hai / cAndra dhAtupATha 11556 sUtra kA pATha-syamu svana dhvana zabde chapA hai, isameM STana dhAtu kA nirdeza nahIM hai| 20 5-dhAtusUtra 1 / 356 kA pATha japA hai-maca muci kalkane / kSIrasvAmI ne kSIrataraGgiNo meM muceti candraH kA nirdeza karake mocate udAharaNa diyA hai| ye cAndra dhAtupATha ke thor3e se apabhraMza darzAe haiN| cAndra dhAtupATha ke bhAvI sampAdaka ko ina pAThabhedoM kA pUrA-pUrA jJAna honA caahie| 25 1. maitreya ke dhAtupradIpa pRSTha 33 para bhI pAnta prakaraNa meM per3a SebU sevane, reva plebu gatau do ghAtusUtroM meM bAnta dhAtueM par3I haiN| pratIta hotA hai maitreya ne yaha pATha cAndra ke anusAra svIkAra kiyA hai / yadi yaha anumAna ThIka ho, to mAnanA par3egA ki cAndra dhAtupATha meM pAThabhraMza cirakAla se vidyamAna hai|

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124 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa itanA hI nahIM, pANinIya tathA anya dhAtupATha ke vyAkhyAkAroM dvArA uddhRta pAThoM se isake sampAdana meM avazya sAhAyya lenA caahie| , vRttikAra AcArya candra ke dhAtupATha para aneka vaiyAkaraNoM ne vRttiyAM likhI 5 thIM, unameM se katipaya parijJAta vRttikAra ye haiM 1-prAcArya candra (saM0 1000 vi0) AcArya candra ne jaise apane zabdAnuzAsana para svopajJa vRtti likhI thI, usI prakAra usane apane dhAtupATha para bhI koI svopajJa vRtti avazya likhI thI / isa vRtti ke nirdezaka katipaya pramANa isa 10 prakAra haiM 1-dhAtuvRtti meM sAyaNa likhatA hai'candrastu guNAbhAvaM na sahate / yadAha-arNotItyudAhRtya kSiNerdhAtorlaghorupAntyasya guNo neSyata iti / pRSTha 357 / candra kA ukta uddhRta pATha usakI dhAtuvRtti meM hI sambhava 15 ho sakatA hai| 2-- kSIrasvAmI ne kSIrataraGgiNI meM likhA hai'candrastvatrApyubhayapaditvamAmnAsIt NivikalpaM ca / ' 10 // 1 // AcArya candra kA ukta mata usake dhAtu-vyAkhyAna se hI uddhRta ho sakatA hai. anyataH nhiiN| 3-kSIrasvAmI punaH likhatA hai'candraH prAtipadikAd dhAtvarthe (10 / 295) ityanenaiva sAdhayati / ' 10 / 181 // yaha bAta candrAcArya ne dhAtupATha kI vRtti meM hI likhI hogii| anyatra isakA prasaGga nahIM ho sktaa| 25 1. dra0 vyA0 zAstra kA itihAsa bhAga 1, cAndra vyAkaraNa prsNg| 2. tulanA karo-tathaiva cAndreNa pUrNacandreNa RNu gatau tRNu adane ghRN dIptau ityatra arNoti tarNoti ghotItyudAhRtyoktam - ghAtolaMghorupAntyasyAdeGa nedhyata ityanyaH tasyAbhiprAyo mRgya iti / puruSakAra pRSTha 21 /

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (3) 125 ina uddharaNoM se spaSTa hai ki prAcArya candra ne svadhAtu pATha para koI svopajJa vatti likhI thI / vibhinna dhAtavattikAroM ne usI se candrAcArya ke dhAtuviSayaka mata uddhRta kiye haiN| 2-pUrNacanda (vi0 saM0 1115 se pUrva) pUrNacandra nAmaka vaiyAkaraNa ne cAndra dhAtupATha para koI vyAkhyAna 5 likhA thaa| usake aneka uddharaNa prAcIna granthoM meM upalabdha hote haiM / daiva-vyAkhyAtA kRSNa lIlAzuka muni likhatA hai'tathaiva cAndreNa pUrNacandreNa RNu gatau ... / ' puruSakAra pRSTha 21 / pUrNacandrIya dhAtuvRtti kA nAma-pUNacandraviracita cAndra dhAtupATha kI vRtti kA nAma 'dhAtupArAyaNa' thaa| TIkAsarvasvakAra bandhaghaTIya 10 sarvAnanda likhatA hai 'RbhukSo vajra iti dhAtupArAyaNe pUrNacandraH / ' amaraTIkA 1 / 1 / 44 (bhAga 1, pRSTha 34) // pUrNacandra kA kAla-pUrNacandra kA dhAtupArAyaNa hamAre dekhane meM nahIM paayaa| ataH isake kAla ke viSaya meM nizcita rUpa se hama kucha 15 kahane meM asamartha haiM / hAM, kSIrasvAmI ne pUrNacandraviracita 'dhAtupArAyaNa' kA pArAyaNa nAma se kaI sthAnoM meM ullekha kiyA hai| do sthAnoM para usake sAtha candra tathA cAndra vizeSaNa bhI nirdiSTa hai / yathA 1. yama cama iti candraH pArAyaNe / kSIrataraGgiNI 1075, pRSTha 20 288 / isakA pAThAntara hai-candraH pArAyaNavyAkhyAnAt / 2. vana zraddhopahisanayoriti cAndraM pArAyaNam / kSIrataraGgiNI 10 / 226, pRSTha 306 // .. ina uddharaNoM se itanA spaSTa hai ki pUrNacandra kSIrasvAmI se prAcIna hai / kSIrasvAmI kA kAla vi0 saM0 1115-1165 ke madhya hai| 25 3-kazyapabhikSu (saM0 1257 vi0) kazyapabhikSu ne vi0 saM0 1257 ke lagabhaga cAndra sUtroM para eka vRtti likhI thii| yaha hama isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM cAndra vyAkaraNa ke vRttikAra prakaraNa meM likha cuke haiN| mAdhavIyA dhAtuvRtti meM kazyapa

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126 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa tathA kAzyapa ke mata aneka sthAnoM para uddhRta haiN| unase vidita hotA hai ki kisI kazyapa ne kisI dhAtupATha para bhI koI vyAkhyAna grantha likhA thaa| hamArA vicAra hai ki dhAtuvRtti meM smRta kazyapa yahI kazyapabhikSu hai, aura usake mata sAyaNa ne usakI cAndra dhAtuvRtti se hI uddhRta kie haiM 5 9. kSapaNaka (vi0 saM0 prathamazatI) kSapaNakaprokta kSapaNaka vyAkaraNa kA ullekha hama isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM kara cuke haiN| kSapaNaka ne apane vyAkaraNa para vRtti aura mahAnyAsa nAmaka grantha likhe the / ujjvaladatta ne kSapaNaka kI uNAdivRtti kA ullekha kiyA hai| ina saba para vicAra karane se pratIta hotA hai ki kSapaNaka ne apane dhAtupATha para bhI koI vyAkhyAnagrantha avazya likhA hogaa| kSapaNaka ke kAla Adi ke sambandha meM isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM 'kSapaNaka vyAkaraNa' ke prasaMga meM likha cuke haiM / 10. devanandI (vi0 saM0 500-550 pUrva) 15 jaina AcArya devanandI ke jainendra vyAkaraNa ke viSaya meM isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM vistAra se likha cuke haiN| prAcArya devanandI kA kAla-prAcArya devanandI kA kAla vi0 saM0 500-550 ke madhya hai, yaha prathama bhAga meM vistAra se nirNIta cuke haiN| jainendra dhAtupATha aura usake do pATha prAcArya pUjyapAda ke jainendra vyAkaraNa ke dhAtupATha kA mUlapATha isa samaya upalabdha nahIM hai / prAcArya guNanandI (vi0 saM0 110-960) ne jainendra vyAkaraNa kA eka viziSTa pravacana kiyA thaa| usakA nAma hai-zabdArNava / ise vartamAna vaiyAkaraNa dAkSiNAtya saMskaraNa ke nAma se smaraNa karate haiN| zabdArNava kA jo saMskaraNa kAzI se prakAzita pahA hai, usake anta meM jainendra dhAtupATha chapA hai| isake anta meM jo 1. kSapaNakavRttI atra 'iti' zabda prAdyarthe vyAkhyAtaH / pRSTha 60

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (3) 127 zloka chapA hai, usase dhvanita hotA hai ki ukta pATha AcArya guNanandI dvArA saMzodhita hai|' zabdArNava ke anta meM chapA dhAtupATha prAcArya guNanandI dvArA saMskRta hai| isameM yaha bhI pramANa hai ki jainendra 1 / 2 / 73 kI mahAvRtti meM mitsaMjJApratiSedhaka 'yamo'pariveSaNe' dhAtusUtra uddhRta hai| guNanandI 5 dvArA saMskRta dhAtupATha meM na to koI mitsaMjJAvidhAyaka sUtra milatA hai, aura na hI prtissedhk| prAcIna dhAtugranthoM meM nandI ke nAma se jo dhAtunirdeza upalabdha hote haiM, ve usI rUpa meM isa dhAtupATha meM sarvathA nahIM milte| isase bhI yahI pratIta hotA hai ki vartamAna jainendra dhAtupATha guNanandI dvArA pariSkRta hai| __jainendra ke mUla dhAtupATha ke upalabdha na hone ke kAraNa bhAratIya jJAnapITha (kAzI) se prakAzita jainendramahAvRtti ke anta meM mere nirdeza se guNanandI dvArA saMzodhita pATha hI chapA hai|' vRttikAra jainendra dhAtupATha para aneka vaiyAkaraNoM ne vRttigrantha likhe hoMge, 15 parantu samprati unameM se koI bhI vRtti grantha upalabdha nahIM hai| 1--prAcArya devanandI AcArya devanandI ne apane dhAtupATha para koI vyAkhyAna likhA thA, isa viSaya meM koI sAkSAt vacana upalabdha nahIM hotaa| parantu haimaliGgAnuzAsana ke svopajJavivaraNa meM nAndidhAtupArAyaNa (pRSTha 132, 20 paM0 20) tathA nandipArAyaNa (pRSTha 133, paM0 23) ke pATha uddhata haiN| inase itanA spaSTa hai ki prAcArya devanandI ne dhAtupATha para koI vattigrantha likhA thA, aura usakA nAma dhAtupArAyaNa thaa| prAcArya hemacandra ne svIya dhAtupArAyaNa meM devanandI aura nandI ke aneka mata uddhRta kiye haiN| isake pRSTha 103, paM0 2 meM pArAyaNikAnAm' nirdeza pUrvaka 25 eka mata uddhRta hai| 1. devanandI dvArA saMskRta zabdArNava vyAkaraNa ke viSaya meM dekhie-'saM0 vyA0 zAstra kA itihAsa kA prathaNa bhaag| 2. jainendra mahAvRtti jJAnapITha saMskaraNa ke prArambha meM, pRSTha 47 / 3. dra0 haima ghAtupArAyaNa SaSTha pariziSTa, pRSTha 470 /

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128 5 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa AcArya devanandI ne pANinIya vyAkaraNa para bhI zabdAvatAranyAsa nAmaka eka grantha likhA thaa|' dhAtupArAyaNa nAma kA eka dhAtUvyAkhyAna grantha pANinIya dhAtupATha para bhI thaa| sarvAnanda ne amaraTIkAsarvasva meM likhA hai vAvadUkaH-varyaGantAd yajajapadazAM yaGaH iti bahuvacananidazAdanyato'pi Uka iti dhAtupArAyaNam / ' bhAga 4, pRSTha 18 / yahAM uddhRta yajajapadazAM yaGaH sUtra pANinIya vyAkaraNa (3 / 2 / 166) kA hai| isalie ukta dhAtupArAyaNa bho pANinIya dhAtupATha para thA, yaha spaSTa hai| . mAdhavIyA dhAtuvRtti meM vana SaNa saMbhakto (pRSTha 64) dhAtusUtra para dhAtupArAyaNa kA eka pATha uddhRta hai| usase bhI yahI vidita hotA hai ki dhAtUpArAyaNa nAma kA koI grantha pANinIya dhAtupATha para bhI thaa| kAzikAvRtti ke prArambha meM bhI dhAtupArAyaNa smata hai| aisI avasthA meM hama nizcayapUrvaka nahIM kaha sakate ki prAcArya 15 devanandI kA dhAtupArAyaNa pANinIya dhAtupATha para thA, athavA jainendra dhAtupATha pr| 2--zrutapAla (vi0 6 zatI athavA kucha pUrva) zratapAla ke dhAtuviSayaka aneka mata dhAtuvyAkhyAnagranthoM meM udadhata haiN| zrutapAla ne jainendra dhAtupATha para koI vyAkhyAna-grantha likhA thA, yaha hama isI grantha ke prathama bhAga meM kAtantra-vyAkaraNa ke durgavatti ke TIkAkAra durgasiMha (dvitIya) ke prakaraNa meM likha cuke haiN| kAla-zra tapAla kA nizcita kAla ajJAta hai| isake jo uddharaNa vyAkaraNagranthoM meM uddhRta haiM, unase nimna pariNAma nikAlA jA sakatA hai___ kAtantra vyAkaraNa kI bhagavad durgasiMha kI kRvRtti ke vyAkhyAtA apara durgasiMha ne kRtasUtra 41 tathA 68 kI vRtiTIkA meM zrutapAla kA ullekha kiyA hai| isa kAtantravRtti-TIkAkAra durgasiMha kA kAla 1. dra0 saM0 vyA0 zAstra kA i.tahAsa bhAga 1, 'aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra' prkrnn| 2. dra0-saM0 vyA0 zAstra kA itihAsa bhAga 1, durgavRtti ke 30 TIkAkAra prakaraNa /

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2/17 dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (3) 126 vikrama kI navama zatI hai| isalie zrutapAla kA kAla vikrama kI navama zato athavA usase kucha pUrva hai, itanA hI sAdhAraNatayA kahA jA sakatA hai| 3-Arya zrutakIrti Arya zrutakIti ne jainendra vyAkaraNa para paJcavastu nAmaka eka 5 prakriyAgrantha likhA hai / isa prakriyAgrantha ke antargata jainendra dhAtupATha kA bhI vyAkhyAna hai| Arya zratakIrti kA kAla vikrama kI 12 vIM zatI kA prathama caraNa hai|' 4-vaMzIdhara vaMzIdhara nAmaka Adhunika vaiyAkaraNa ne bhI jainendra-prakriyA grantha 10 likhA hai / isakA abhI pUrvArdha ho prakAzita huA hai| uttarArdha meM dhAtupATha kI bhI vyAkhyA hogii| zabdArNava-saMbaddha jainendra dhAtupATha jainendra dhAtupATha ke guNanandI-pariSkRta saMskaraNa para kisI vaiyAkaraNa ne koI vRttigrantha likhA athavA nahIM, yaha ajJAta hai| hAM 15 zabdArNava para kisI ajJAtanAmA granthakAra ne eka prakriyAgrantha likhA hai| usake antargata isa dhAtupATha kI vyAkhyA bhI hai| -::11. vAmana (vi0 saM0 400 athavA 600 pUrva) vAmanaviracita vizrAnta-vidyAdhara nAmaka vyAkaraNa aura usakI svopajJa bRhat va laghu vRttiyoM kA nirdeza hama isI grantha ke prathama bhAga 20 meM vizrAnta-vidyAdhara vyAkaraNa ke prakaraNa meM kara cuke haiN| vahIM para tArkikaziromaNi mallavAdI kRta nyAsa grantha kA ullekha kara cake haiN| 1. dra0-saM0 vyA0 zAstra kA itihAsa, bhAga 1, durgavRtti kI durgasiMha kRta TIkA ke prakaraNa meM / 2. dra0-saM0 vyA0 zAstra kA itihAsa, bhAga 1, jainendra vyAkaraNa / prkrnn| 3. dra0 saM0 vyA0 zAstra kA itihAsa, bhAga 1, zabdArNava vyAkaraNa prkrnn|

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130 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa vAmana ne svavyAkaraNasaMbaddha dhAtupATha kA pravacana bhI avazya kiyA hogA, isameM koI sandeha nahIM / parantu isa dhAtupATha aura isake kisI vyAkhyAtA athavA vyAkhyA kA koI sAkSAt uddharaNa hamAre dekhane meM nahIM aayaa| hAM, kSIrasvAmI ne dhAtusUtra 1 / 216 kI vyAkhyA meM eka pATha uddhRta kiyA hai / vaha isa prakAra hai 'ata eva viDa zabde piTa Akroze iti mallaH paryaTakAntare vibhagayAha / ' kSIrataraGgiNI pRSTha 54 / yadi isa uddharaNa meM smata 'malla' se prAcArya mallavAdI kA nirdeza ho, to yaha anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai ki mallavAdI ne 10 vizrAntavidyAdhara vyAkaraNa se saMbaddha dhAtupATha para koI vyAkhyAna grantha likhA thaa| prAcArya mallavAdI ne vAmana prokta vizrAntavidyAdhara vyAkaraNa para 'nyAsa' grantha likhA thA, yaha hama prathama bhAga meM likha cuke hai| dhAtupAThasaMbandhI vAGamaya meM prasiddha eka malla AkhyAtacandrikA 15 kA lekhaka bhaTTa malla bhI hai / kSIrataraGgiNI meM smata bhaTTa malla nahIM hai| vaha to sAkSAt kisI dhAtupATha kA vyAkhyAtA hai, yaha paryaTTakAntare vibhaGgyAha padoM se spaSTa hai| isase adhika hama isa dhAtupATha ke sambandha meM kucha nahIM jAnate / 12. pAlyakIrti (zAkaTAyana) (saM0 871-924 vi0) 20 prAcArya pAlyakIrti ke zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa aura usake kAla Adi ke viSaya meM isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM vistAra se likha cuke haiN| zAkaTAyana dhAtupATha pAlyakIti ne svIya zabdAnuzAsana se saMbaddha dhAtUpATha kA bhI pravacana kiyA thaa| yaha dhAtupATha kAzI se mudrita zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa 25 kI laghavatti ke anta meM chapA hai| DA. libiza ne bhI isakA eka saMskaraNa prakAzita kiyA hai / zAkaTAyana dhAtupATha pANini ke audIcya pATha se adhika milatA hai|

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (3) 131 vRttikAra pAlyakIrti-prokta dhAtupATha para aneka vaiyAkaraNoM ne vyAkhyAeM likhI hoMgI, parantu hameM unameM se nimna vyAkhyAkAroM kA hI parijJAna haiN| 1-pAlyakoti pAlyakIrti ne apane vyAkaraNa kI svopajJA amodhA vRtti likhI hai / isa yuga ke prAyaH sabhI granthakAroM ne, vizeSakara sUtrakAroM ne apaneapane granthoM para svayaM vyAkhyAgrantha likhe haiN| isase sambhAvanA hai ki pAlyakIrti ne bhI svIya dhAtupATha para koI vyAkhyAgrantha likhA ho / sAyaNa ne mAdhavIya dhAtUvatti Adi meM pAlyakIrti athavA zAkaToyana 10 ke jo pATha uddhRta kie haiM, unameM se nimna pATha vizeSa mahattva ke haiM- 1-sAyaNa tanAdigaNa kI kSiNu-dhAtu para likhatA hai-- zAkaTAyanakSIrasvAmibhyAmayaM dhAturna paThyate / ... zAkaTAyana: punastatra (svAdau) chAndasamevAha / pRSTha 356 // / arthAt zAkaTAyana ne tanAdigaNa meM kSiNu dhAtu nahIM par3hI......... 15 vaha svAdi meM paThita kSi dhAtu ko chAndasa kahatA hai / * isase spaSTa hai ki zAkaTAyana ne apane dhAtupATha para koI vRttigrantha likhA thA, usI meM usane svAdigaNastha kSi dhAtU ko chAndasa kahA hogaa| 2-sAyaNa' kaNDvAdi ke vyAkhyAna meM likhatA hai 20 tadetadamoghAyAM zAkaTAyanadhAtuvRttau arthanirdezarahite'pi gaNapAThe "" dhAtuvRtti, pRSTha 404 / 3-vyaktaM caitad dhanapAlazAkaTAyanavRttyoH / puruSakAra pRSTha 22 / ina uddharaNoM se zAkaTAyana ko svopajJa dhAtuvRtti kA sadbhAva vispaSTa hai / dhAtuvRtti kA pATha kucha bhraSTa hai| zAkaTAyana viracita dhAtuvRtti kA nAma 'dhAtupAThavivaraNa' thaa| . 1. kaNDavAdigaNa ke prArambha meM 'tena sAyaNaputreNa vyAkhyA kApi viracyate' pATha hai / tadanusAra isa aMza kA vyAkhyAtA sAyaNaputra hai|

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132 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 2-dhanapAla dhanapAla ne bhI zAkaTAyana dhAtupATha para eka. vyAkhyA likhI thI, aisI sambhAvanA hai| 3-prakriyA-granthakAra pAlyakIti ke vyAkaraNa para abhayacandrAcArya ne prakriyA-saMgraha, bhAvasena vidya deva ne zAkaTAyana-TIkA tathA dayAlapAlamuni ne rUpasiddhi nAma ke prakriyAgrantha race the (dra0 prathama bhAga) inameM prasaMgavaza dhAtupATha kA bhI kucha aMza vyAkhyAta ho gayA hai| -::13. zivasvAmI (saM0 614-640) zivasvAmIprokta zabdAnuzAsana tathA usake kAla Adi ke viSaya meM isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM likha cuke haiN| dhAtupATha aura usakI vRtti zivasvAmI ne dhAtupATha para sambhavataH koI vRttigrantha likhA thaa| kSIrataraGgiNI tathA mAdhavIyA dhAtuvRtti meM zivasvAmI ke dhAtupATha15 viSayaka aneka mata uddhRta haiM / ye uddharaNa sambhavataH usake dhAtucyA khyAna se hI uddhRta kie hoNge| __ hama nIce zivasvAmI ke nAma se uddhRta katipaya aise pATha likhate haiM, jina se zivasvAmI kA dhAtupAThapravaktRtva tathA usakA vyAkhyAtRtva spaSTa ho jAtA hai| yathA20 1-dhuna iti hAmu zivasvAmI dIrghamAha / kSIrataraGgiNI 5 // 10 // 2-zivasvAmikAzyapau tu [dhuna dhAtu] dIrghAntamAhatuH / dhAtuvRtti, pRSTha 316 // 3-cAnto'yaM [sazca] iti zivaH / kSIrataraGgiNI 1 / 122 // 4--zivasvAmI vakaropa, [va] papATha / dhAtuvRtti, pRSTha 357 // isase adhika zivasvAmI ke dhAtupATha aura usakI dhAtuvRtti ke viSaya meM hama kucha nahIM jaante|

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (3) 14. bhojadeva (saM0 2075-1110) dhArAdhIza mahArAja bhojadeva ke sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa nAmaka vyAkaraNa aura usake kAla Adi ke viSaya meM isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM vistAra se likha cuke haiM / bhojIya dhAtupATha 133 mahArAjA bhojadeva ne apane zabdAnuzAsana meM dhAtupATha ko chor3akara anya sabhI aGgoM ko yathAsthAna sanniveza kara diyA, kevala dhAtupATha kA pRthak pravacana kiyaa| bhojadeva ke dhAtupATha ke uddharaNa kSIrataraGgiNI aura mAghavIyA dhAtuvRtti Adi granthoM meM bhare par3e haiM / vRttikAra bhojI dhAtupATha ke kisI vRttikAra kA hameM sAkSAt parijJAna nahIM hai / kSIrasvAmI aura sAyaNa ne bhoja ke dhAtuviSayaka aneka aise mata uddhRta kie haiM, jo usake vRtti- grantha ke hI ho sakate haiM / nAthIya dhAtuvRtti 10 hamane pANinIya dhAtupATha ke vRttikAra prakaraNa meM saMkhyA 8 para 15 nAthIya ghAtuvRtti kA nirdeza kiyA hai / pade padaikadeza nyAya se yadi nAthI zabda daNDanAthIya kA nirdezaka ho, to yaha bhojIya dhAtupATha para daNDanAthaviracita dhAtuvRtti grantha ho sakatA hai, parantu isa viSaya kA sAkSAt koI pramANa hameM abhI upalabdha nahIM huA / prakriyAntargata dhAtuvyAkhyA saM0 vyA0 zAstra kA itihAsa, bhAga 1 meM sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa para likhe gae padasindhu -setu nAmaka prakriyAgrantha kA ullekha kiyA hai, usameM zrAkhyAtaprakiyA meM dhAtuvyAkhyAna bhI avazya rahA hogA / isa grantha ko prakriyakaumudI ke TIkAkAra viTThala ne ( bhAga 2, pRSTha 313) uddhRta kiyA hai / ataH isakA kAla vi0 saM0 1500 se 25 pUrva hai| -::--- 15. buddhisAgara sUri (saM0 1080 vi0 ) AcArya buddhisAgara sUri ne 7, 8 sahasra zlokaparimANa kA paJca 20

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134 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa granthI vyAkaraNa likhA thaa| yaha hama isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM likha cuke haiM / vahIM isa prAcArya ke kAla kA bhI nirdeza kiyA hai| dhAtupATha aura usakI vRtti buddhisAgara sUri prokta dhAtupATha aura usake vRttigrantha kA sAkSAt ullekha hameM kahIM prApta nahIM huaa| punarapi vyAkaraNa ke pAMca granthoM meM dhAtupATha kA antarbhAva hone tathA haimaliGgAnuzAsana ke svopajJavivaraNa (pRSTha 100) tathA haima abhidhAnacintAmaNi (pRSTha 246) meM liGgAnuzAsana kA uddharaNa hone se dhAtupATha kA pravacana to nizcita hai| 5 -:: 10 , 16. bhadrezvara sUri (saM0 1200 se pUrva vi0) prAcArya bhadrezvara sUriviracita dIpaka vyAkaraNa aura usake kAla Adi ke viSaya meM isa granya ke prathama bhAga meM likha cuke haiN| dhAtupATha aura usakI vyAkhyA sAyaNa ne dhAtuvRtti meM zrIbhadra nAma se bhadrezvara sUri ke dhAtupATha15 viSayaka aneka mata uddhRta kie haiN| unase bhadra zvara sUri kA dhAtu pAThapravaktRtva spaSTa hai / dhAtuvRtti meM kucha uddharaNa aise bhI haiM, jinase zrIbhadrakRta dhAtuvRtti kA bhI parijJAna hotA hai / yathA 1-evaM ca 'lakSaj' iti paThitvA 'jitkaraNAdanyebhyazcurAdibhyo Nicazca iti taG na bhavati' iti ca zrIbhadravacanamapi pratyuktam / pRSTha 386 / 2-atra zrIbhadrAdayo 'dIrghoccAraNasAmarthyAt pakSe Nij na' iti / pRSTha 376 / isase adhika bhadrezvara sUri ke dhAtupATha aura usakI vRtti ke viSaya meM hama kucha nahIM jAnate / .

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (3) 135 17. hemacandra sUri (saM0 1145-1226 vi0) AcArya hemacandra sUri ke zabdAnuzAsana aura kAla ke viSaya meM isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM vistAra se likha cuke hai| dhAtupATha hemacandra ne apane vyAkaraNa se saMbaddha sabhI aGgoM (khiloM) kA 5 pravacana kiyA thaa| usake antargata dhAtupATha kA pravacana bhI sammilita hai / isa dhAtupATha meM bhI kAzakRtsnavat juhotyAdigaNa kA adAdigaNa meM antarbhAva hone se 6 gaNa haiN| tathA parasmaipada Atmanepada ubhayapada vibhAga bhI pratigaNa kAzakRtsnavat saMgRhIta haiN| haima dhAtupATha pratigaNa antyasvaravarNAnukrama-yukta hai| vRttikAra hemacandra sUri ke dhAtupATha para jina vaiyAkaraNoM ne vyAkhyAgrantha likhe unameM do prAcArya parijJAta haiM 1-prAcArya hemacandra AcArya hemacandra ne apane dhAtupATha para 5600 zloka parimANa 15 svopajJa-dhAtupArAyaNa nAma ko vistRta vyAsyA likhI hai| pahale yaha vyAkhyA yUropa se prakAzita huI thii| cirakAla se yaha aprApya thii| isakA navIna parizuddha saMskaraNa saM0 2035 meM ahamadAbAda se prakAzita huA hai| dhAtupArAyaNa-saMkSepa-AcArya hemacandra ne dhAtapArAyaNa kA eka 20 saMkSepa bhI racA thaa| ise hama laghu dhAtupArAyaNa kaha sakate haiN| haima dhAtupArAyaNa-TippaNa-haima dhAtupArAyaNa para saM0 1516 kI likhI kisA vidvAn kI TippaNI bhI milatI hai| 2-guNaratna sUri (saM0 1466) prAcArya guNaratna sUri ne haima dhAtupATha para kriyAratna-samuccaya 25 nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai| 1. dra0 jaina satyaprakAza, varSa 7, dIpotsavI praka, pRSTha 67 / 2. vahI dIpotsavI aMka, pRSTha 97 /

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saMskRta-vyAkaraNa- zAstra kA itihAsa paricaya - guNaratna sUri ne kriyAratnasamuccaya ke anta meM 66 zlokoM meM guruparvakrama-varNana kiyA hai| isameM 46 pUrva gurumroM kA ullekha hai / guNaratna sUri ke sAkSAt guru kA nAma zrI devasundara thA (zloka 56) / devasundara ke pAMca utkRSTa ziSya the / unake nAma zrI jJAnasAgara, zrI kulamaNDana, zrI guNaratna, zrI somasundara aura zrI sAdhuratna the / zrAddha pratikramaNa kI sUtra - vRtti se bhI isI kI puSTi hotI hai / ' 5 1 10 136 kAla - prAcArya guNaratna sUri ne kriyAratnasamuccaya likhane ke kAla kA nirdeza svayaM isa prakAra kiyA hai 30 kAle SaDrasapUrva 1466 vatsaramite zrI vikramArkAd gate gurvAvazavazAd vimRzya ca sadA svAnyopakAraM param / granthaM zrIguNaratnasUriratanot prajJAvihInopyamu nihetUpakRtipradhAnajananaiH zodhyastvayaM dhIdhanaiH || 63 || pRSTha 309 / isa zloka ke anusAra guNaratna sUri ne vi0 saM0 1466 meM kriyAratna samuccaya likhA thA / 15 kriyAratnasamuccaya-guNaratna sUri ne haima dhAtupArAyaNa ke anu sAra kriyAratnasamuccaya grantha likhA hai| isameM prAcIna mata ke anusAra sabhI dhAtuoM ke sabhI prakriyAoM meM rUpoM kA saMkSipta nirdeza kiyA hai| isa grantha meM dhAturUpasambadhI aneka aise prAcIna matoM kA ullekha hai, jo hameM kisI bhI anya vyAkaraNa grantha meM dekhane ko nahIM mile| isa 20 dRSTi se yaha grantha saMkSipta hotA humA bhI bahuta mahattvapUrNa hai| paM0 ambAlAla pro0 zAha ne kriyAratnasamuccaya kA parimANa 5661 zloka likhA hai / grantha ke anta meM granthamAna 5778 chapA hai / 3 - jayavIra gaNi (saM0 1501 se pUrva ) 25 haima dhAtupATha para jayavIra gaNi kI eka avacUrI vyAkhyA upalabdha hotI hai / isakA lekhanakAla vi0 saM 1501 vaizAkhasudi 3 somavAra hai / yaha bhuvanagiri para likhI gaI hai / dra0 vikramavijaya sampAdita haima-dhAtupATha pravacUrI, pRSTha 111 / yaha kAla tathA lekhana sthAna mUla grantha ke likhane kA haiM athavA 1. dra0 kriyAratnasamuccaya kI aMgrejI bhUmikA pRSTha 1, Ti0 4 / 2. yahAM pAThabhraMza hai / 3. vahI dIpotsavI aMka, pRSTha 88 /

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118 dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (3) 137 pratilipi karane kA hai, yaha ajJAta hai / sambhAvanA yahI hai ki yaha mUla grantha ke lekhana kA kAla hai| ___ sampAdaka vikramavijaya kI bhUla-haima dhAtupATha-pravacUri ke sampAdaka ne likhA haiM ki candra ne curAdi meM 2, 3 hI dhAtue par3hI haiM (dra0 pRSTha 110-111) / yaha sampAdaka kI bhArI bhUla hai| pratIta hotA hai 5 ki unhoMne mudrita cAndra dhAtupATha kA avalokana hI nahIM kiyaa| 4-prajJAtanAmA-TippaNIkAra (saM0 1516 vi0) haima dhAtupATha para kisI ajJAtanAmA vidvAn kI saM0 1516 kI likhI huI TippaNI bhI milatI hai / dra0 muni dakSavijaya sampAdita haima ghAtupATha, saM 1996 vi0| 5-pAkhyAta-vRttikAra zrI jaina satyaprakAza varSa 7, dIpotsavI aMka pRSTha 89 para kisI ajJAtanAmA lekhaka kI prAkhyAtavRtti kA ullekha hai| 6-zrI harSakula gaNi (16 vIM zatI vi0) zrI harSakula gaNi ne haima dhAtupATha ko padyabaddha kiyA hai| isakA 15 nAma kavikalpadra ma hai| isameM 11 pallava haiN| prathama pallava meM dhAtastha anubandhoM ke phaloM kA nirdeza kiyA hai| 2-10 taka 6 pallavoM meM dhAtupATha ke 6 gaNoM kA saMgraha hai| 11 veM pallava meM sautra dhAtuoM kA nirdeza hai| kavikalpadruma kI TIkA-harSa kula gaNi ne apane kavikalpadruma para 20 dhAtucintAmaNi nAma kI TIkA bhI likhI thii| yaha TIkA samprati kevala 11 veM pallava para hI upalabdha hai| .. kAla-harSakulagaNi ne 11 veM pallava ke 10 veM zloka kI TIkA ke Age likhA hai14. nAmadhAtuvizeSavistarastu zrIguNaratnasUriviracitakriyAratnasamu- 25 zcayagranthAdavasAtavyaH / pRSTha 61 / kriyAratnasamuccaya kA kAla vi0 saM0 1466 hai, yaha hama pUrva (pRSTha 136-137) likha cuke haiM / kavikalpadruma ke prakAzaka ne harSakulagaNi kA kAla sAmAnyatayA vi0 kI 16 vIM zatI mAnA hai|

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138 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa prakriyA-granthAntargata dhAtuvyAkhyAtA vinayavijaya gaNi ne haimalaghuprakriyA aura meghavijaya ne haimakaumudI nAma ke prakriyA grantha likhe haiM / inameM dhAtupATha kI dhAtuoM kA vyAkhyAna upalabdha hotA hai| 5 18-malayagiri (saM0 1188-1250) 16-kramadIzvara (saM0 1250 ke lagabhaga) 20-sArasvatakAra (sa0 1250 ke lagabhaga) 21-vopadeva (saM0 1325-1370) 22-padmanAbhadatta (saM0 1400 vi0) / 23-vinayasAgara (saM0 1660-1700 vi0) ina vaiyAkaraNoM ke zabdAnuzAsanoM kA varNana hamane isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM yathAsthAna kiyA hai / ina zabdAnuzAsanoM ke apane-apane dhAtupATha haiM aura una para katipaya vaiyAkaraNoM ke vyAkhyAnantha bhI upalabdha hote haiN| sArasvata dhAtupATha harSakIrti nAmaka vidvAn ne sArasvata vyAkaraNa se saMbaddha dhAtupATha kI racanA aura usa para dhAtutaraGgiNI nAmnI svopajJa vyAkhyA likhI hai| isakA eka hastalekha vizvezvarAnanda zodhasaMsthAna hozyiArapura ke saMgraha (sUcIpatra bhAga 1, pRSTha 70) tathA aneka jaina bhANDAgAroM 20 meM vidyamAna haiN| __ zrI agaracanda nAhaTA kA 'harSakorti viracita dhAtutaraGgiNI' zIrSaka eka lekha 'zramaNa' patrikA (vArANasI) ke varSa 30 aGka 12 (akTabara 1976) meM chapA hai| hama usake AdhAra para hI nimna paMktiyAM likha rahe haiM25 harSakIrti sUri nAgapurIya tapA gaccha ke candrakIti sUri ke ziSya the|' candrakIti sUri viracita sArasvata TIkA kA ullekha hama pUrva 1. zrImannAgapurIyAhva-tapogaNakajAruNAH / ......... zrIcandrakItisUrIndrAzcandra candravacchvabhUkIrtayaH // 13 //

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAta (3) 136 prathama bhAga meM kara cuke haiN| harSakIti sUri ne vyAkaraNa chanda kAvya stotra aura jyotiSa viSaya ke aneka grantha likhe haiN| inhoMne sArasvata kA dhAtupATha racA thaa|' dhAtupATha ke antima zloka se vidita hotA hai ki bAkalIvAla gotra ke hemasiMha khaNDelavAla kI abhyarthanA para yaha grantha racA thaa|' isa zloka ko TIkA ke anusAra hemasiMha ke prapitAmaha nemadAsa ne TaMka (=ToMka) nagara meM pArzvanAthaprAsAda kI racanA kI thii| isa dhAtupATha meM 1891 dhAtueM thiiN| harSakIti sUri ne svIya dhAtupATha kI 'dhAtutaraGgiNo' nAmno vyAkhyA likhI thii| harSakIrti kA saMbandha sikandara sUra se thaa| sikandara sUra ko 10 humAyUne sarahinda ke samIpa saM0 1612 (san 1555) meM parAjita karake apanA rAjya punaH pratiSThita kiyA thaa| dhAtutaraGgiNI kI prazasti ke 4 the zloka meM padmasundara gaNi kA zAha akabara se saMbandha darzAyA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki harSakIrti ne dhAtutaraGgiNI kI racanA 1. tacchiSyA harSakIyA'hva sUrayo vyadadhuH sphuTam / ghAtupAThamimaM ramyaM sArasvatamatAnugamam // 14 // 2. khaNDelavAlasadvaze hemasiMhAbhidhaH sudhIH / tasyAbhyarthanayA hyava nirmito nandatAt ciram // 15 // 3. paMDelavAla jJAto bAkalIvAla gotre Tukanagare pArzvanAtha prAsAda kAraka nemadAsa putra soha zrI jaitAta putra sA0 gehAta tasyAtmaja sAhahema siMhAbhyartha- 20 nayA''graheNa dhAtupAThaH kRtaH / [nemadAsa-sAha jaitA--sAhagehA-sAha hemasiMha] 4. saMkhyAne sarvadhAtUnAmeteSAmeka saMkhyayA / aSTAdazazatAnyeka navatyuttaratAM yayuH // 2 // 5. ghAtupAThasya TIkeyaM naamnaadhaatutrngginnii|....||6||...- shrii."| zrImannAgapurIyatapagacchAdhipabhaTTArakazrIharSakIrtisUriviracitaM svopajJaghAtu- 25 pAThavivaraNaM sampUrNam / samApto (? pte)yaM dhAtutaraGgiNI svazreyase kalyANamastu / 6. sAheH saMsadi padmasundaragaNijitvA mahApaNDitam / kSauma grAma suraSA (zA)sanAd akabara zrIsAhitolabdhavAn /

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5 140 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa zAha akabara ke rAjya ke prArambhika kAla meM saM0 1613 - 1625 (san 1556 - 1568) ke madhya kI hogI / vopadevIya dhAtupATha - kavikalpadruma vopadeva ne apanA dhAtupATha padyabaddha likhA hai / isakA nAma kavikalpadruma hai / eka 'kavikalpadruma' nAmaka grantha harSakulagaNi ne bhI likhA hai / yaha haima dhAtupATha para haiM ( dra0 - bhAga 2 pRSTha 137 ) / kavikalpadruma kI vyAkhyA 1 - kavikAmadhenu - kavikalpadrama para granthakAra ne kavikAmadhenu nAma kI vyAkhyA svayaM likhI hai| eka 'kavikAmadhenu' nAmaka grantha 10 davavyAkhyA puruSakAra meM pRSTha 26,64 para uddhRta hai / yaha kavikalpadra kI kAmadhenuvyAkhyA se bhinna grantha hai / isameM pANinIya sUtra uddhRta haiN| dekho - puruSakAra pRSTha 64 / 2 - rAmanAthakRta - sarasvatI bhavana vArANasI ke saMgraha meM vopadeva ke dhAtupATha para rAmanAtha ( ramAnAtha ? ) kI TIkA surakSita haiM / isa 15 hastalekha ke anta meM lekhanakAla 1783 zakAbda aGkita hai / granthakAra kA kAla sandigdha hai / 13- dhAtudIpikA - yaha TIkAgrantha vAsudeva sArvabhauma bhaTTAcArya ke Atmaja durgAdAsa vidyAvAgIza ne likhA hai / durgAdAsa vidyAvAgIza kA kAla IsA kI 17 zatI mAnA jAtA hai / dra0 - puruSottama devIya 20 paribhASAvRtti rAjazAhI saMska0 bhUmikA pRSTha ha / dhAtupATha saMbaddha katipaya grantha tathA granthakAra dhAtupATha se sambaddha katipaya aise granthoM aura granthakAroM ke nAma dhAtuvRttiyoM meM upalabdha hote haiM, jinakA sambandha kisI tantravizeSa se ajJAta hai / unakA nAmanirdeza hama nIce karate haiM, jisase bhAvI lekhakoM ko unake yathAvat sambandha ke anusandhAna meM subhItA ho / 25 granthanAma 1 - paJcikA - kSIratarrAGgaNI, pRSTha 58, 110 para uddhRta / 2 - pArAyaNa - kSIrataraGgiNI, pRSTha 10,261,305 para uddhRta /

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (3) 141 3-prakriyAratna-dhAtuvRtti meM bahutra tathA puruSakAra pRSTha 102 para uddhRta hai| ... 4- kavikAmadhenu-puruSakAra pRSTha 26, 64 para uddhRt| 5-sammatA-dhAtuvRtti pRSTha 62 tathA bahutra / dra0-sammatAyAM tu vardhamAnavaduktvA'nyastvayamidit paThyata ityuktam |dhaatu pR0 62 / 5 : saMkhyA 4 kA kavikAmadhenu grantha sambhavataH dhAtupATha kI vyAkhyA na hokara amarakoza kI vyAkhyA ho|' ... granthakAranAma 1-prArya-kSIrata0 pRSTha 252 / puruSakAra pRSTha 42, 66, 68, 83,104 / 2-prAbharaNakAra-dhAtuvRtti, bahutra / yathA pRSTha 234 / 3--ahita-kSIrataraGgiNI, pRSTha 101 / 4-upAdhyAya-kSIrata0, pRSTha 18 / 5-kavikAmadhenukAra--puruSakAra pRSTha 41 / 6-kAzyapa-dhAtuvRtti, bhutr| 7--kulacandra-dhAtudIpikA, pRSTha 235 / 8--kauzika-kSIrata0, pRSTha 14,16 Adi anektr| puruSakAra pRSTha 12,64,67 / --gupta-kSIrata0, pRSTha 66, 112, 320, 323 / puruSakAra pRSTha 66,60 / 10--govinda bhaTTa-dhAtudIpikA, pRSTha 173,237 / 11--caturbhuja-dhAtudIpikA, pRSTha 28, 210, 237 aadi| 12-dramiDa-kSIrata0, pRSTha 22,34 Adi bahutra / puruSakAra , 32,46,68,83,104 / 13--dhanapAla-puruSakAra, pRSTha 11, 22, 26 Adi bhutr| 25 dhAtuvRtti pRSTha 61, 136 Adi anektr| 1. 'prasUtaM kusumaM samam' (amara 214117) ityatra kavikAmadhenu......... pRSTha 29 / tathA 'bhraku'sazca ..... (amara 1 / 6 / 11,12) ityatra kavikAmadhenukAra...... | pRSTha 41 /

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142 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 14 - dhAtuvRttikAra - puruSakAra, pRSTha 8,26,47 / 15 -- paJjikAkAra - kSIrata0 pRSTha 58, paM0 20 pAThA0 / 16 - pArAyaNika - kSIrata0, pRSTha 1,2,182, 323 / puruSakAra, pRSTha 85,111 / 17- bhaTTa zazAMkadhara - kSIrata0, pRSTha 7 / 18 - malla - kSIrata0, pRSTha 54 / 16 - vardhamAna - dhAtuvRtti, pRSTha 135 / dhAtudIpikA, pRSTha 8 / 20 - vRttikRt - ( dhAtuvRttikRt ) kSIrata0, pRSTha 20 // 21 -- sabhya - kSIrata0, pRSTha 18, 36 Adi bahutra / puruSakAra, 10 pR0 11 / 22 - sudhAkara - puruSakAra, pRSTha 11, 28, 31 Adi bahutra / gaNaratnamahodadhi, pRSTha 23 / 23 -subodhinIkAra - dhAtuvRtti bahutra / 24 - svAmI - kSIrata0, pRSTha 56 / 25 - hevAkina - kSIrata0, pRSTha 125 / vizeSa 5 15 (1) vardhamAna maitreya kA anuyAyI - sAyaNa dhAtuvRtti ( pRSTha 135 ) meM likhatA hai - vardhamAno'pi maitreyavallakAravanta miditaM cApaThat / isase vidita hotA hai ki vardhamAna maitreya se uttaravartI haiM / eka 20 varSamAna gaNaratnamahodadhi kA racayitA hai| yaha vardhamAna usase bhinna pratIta hotA hai / (2) dhanapAla zAkaTAyana kA anusArI - sAyaNa ne bhauvAdika maci dhAtu ke vyAkhyAna meM likhA hai- dhanapAlastAvat zAkaTAyanAnusArI (dhAtuvRtti pRSTha 61 ) / isase spaSTa hai ki dhanapAla zAkaTAyana 25 kA uttaravartI hai, aura sambhavataH zAkaTAyanIya dhAtapATha kA vyAkhyA - kAra hai / (3) zrAbharaNakAra haradatta se uttaravartI -- sAyaNa dhAtuvRtti meM likhatA hai - 'AbharaNakArastu tAlavyAntaM paThitvA 'vA niza' iti sUtramapi 30 svapAThAnuguNaM papATha / tata 'numvisarjanIyazarvyavAye'pi' ityatra vRtti - nyAsapadamaJjaryAdyaparyAlocana vijRmbhitam / pRSTha 234 /

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dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (3) 143 isase dhvanita hotA hai ki sAyaNa ke mata meM AbharaNakAra haradatta se uttaravartI hai| katipaya anitisaMbaMdha hastalikhita grantha 1-dhAtumaJjarI-kAzInAthaviracita dhAtumaJjarI kA eka koza jammU ke raghunAtha mandira ke pustakAlaya meM surakSita hai| (dra0- 5 sUcIpatra saM0 148, pRSTha 42) / dUsarA bhaNDArakara prAcyazodha pratiSThAna pUnA meM vidyamAna hai| yaha grantha san 1815 meM landana se aMgrejI anuvAda sahita chapA thaa| isakA sampAdana cArlsa vilkisana ne kiyA thaa| sampAdaka ne dhAtumaJjarI meM vyAkhyAta dhAtuoM ko akArAdi krama se chApA hai| 10 isa grantha kA mUla pAThAnusArI sampAdana saundarya zAstrI rAmAzraya zukla kara rahe haiN| 2-dhAtumaJjarI-isakA lekhaka rAmasiMha varmA hai / yaha chapa cukA hai parantu hamAre dekhane meM nahIM aayaa| 3--tiGantaziromaNi-aDiyAra pustakAlaya ke sUcIpatra meM 15 saM0 366 para dhAtupATha kA eka hastalekha nirdiSTa hai| isameM eka pATha hai-- 'tiGantaziromaNirItyA dhAtavo likhynte'| 4-dhAtumAlA-aDiyAra pustakAlaya ke sUcIpatra meM saMkhyA 397 para isakA hastalekha nirdiSTa hai / yaha grantha pUrNa hai| isa prakAra AcArya pANini se uttaravartI dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtAoM ke viSaya meM likhakara agale adhyAya meM gaNapATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtAoM ke viSaya meM likheMge // 20

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teIsavAM adhyAya gaNapATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 5 gaNapATha kA sthAna-paJcAGgo athavA paJcagranthI vyAkaraNa' meM gaNapATha kA sUtrapATha aura dhAtupATha ke anantara tRtIya sthAna hai| jaba vyAkaraNa athavA zabdAnuzAsana kA artha kevala sUtrapATha taka sImita samajhA jAtA hai. usa avasthA meM sUtrapATha ke atirikta cAroM granthoM ko khila athavA pariziSTa kA rUpa diyA jAtA hai / isa dRSTi se gaNapATha kA khilapAThoM meM dvitIya sthAna hai| . gaNa zabda kA artha-Na zabda gaNa saMkhyAne (kSIrata0) dhAtu se 10 niSpanna mAnA jAtA hai / tadanusAra gaNa zabda kA mUla artha hai-jinakI ginatI kI jaae| ___ gaNa aura samUha meM bheda-yadyapi sAmAnyatayA gaNa-samUha-samudAya samAnArthaka zabda haiM, tathApi gaNa aura samUha athavA samudAya meM maulika bheda hai / gaNa usa samUha athavA samudAya ko kahate haiM, jahAM paurvAparya 15 kA koI viziSTa krama abhipreta hotA hai| samUha athavA samudAya meM krama kI apekSA nahIM hotii| ... gaNapATha zabda kA artha-gaNoM kA kramavizeSa se par3he gae zabdasamUhoM kA jisa grantha meM pATha (=saMkalana) hotA hai use 'gaNapATha' kahate haiN| isa sAmAnya artha ke anusAra dhAtupATha ko bhI gaNapATha kahA jA sakatA hai. kyoMki usameM bho kramavizeSa se pavita- 10 dhAtugaNoM kA saMkalana hai / isI dRSTi se dhAtupATha ke lie kahIM-kahIM gaNapATha zabda kA prayoga bho upalabdha hotA hai / parantu vaiyAkaraNa vAGmaya meM gaNapATha 1. he candrAcAryaH zrIsiddhahemAbhivAnAbhivaM paJcAGgamapi vyAkaraNa ... / prabandhacintAmaNi, pRSTha 460 / buddhisAgara prokta vyAkaraNa kA eka nAma 25 paJvapranyI' thA / saM0 yA0 itihAsa, bhAga 1, buddhisAgara-vyAkaraNa prakaraNa / vyAkaraNa ke ye pAMcoM granya loka meM 'paJcapAThI' nAma se prasiddha haiN| 2. gaNagaThastu pUrvavadevAGgIkriyate / nyAsa bhAga 1, pRSTha 211 // na

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2/16 dhAtupATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA (3) 145 zabda kA prayoga usI grantha ke lie hotA hai, jisameM kevala prAtipadika zabdoM ke samUhoM kA saMkalana hai, arthAt gaNapATha zabda vaiyAkaraNanikAya meM zuddha yaugika na raha kara yogarUr3ha bana gayA hai| ___ gaNapATha kA sUtrapATha se pArthakya-ati purAkAla meM jaba zabdoM kA upadeza pratipada-pATha dvArA hotA thA, taba zabdasvarUpoM kI samA- 5 natA ke AdhAra para kucha zabdasamUha nirdhArita kie gae hoNge| uttaravartI kAla meM jaba zabdopadeza ne pratipada-pATha kI prakriyA kA parityAga karake lakSaNAtmaka rUpa grahaNa kara liyA, usa kAla meM bhI samAna kArya ke jJApana ke lie nirdeSTavya prAtipadika athavA nAmazabdoM ke samUhoM ko tattat sUtroM meM hI sthAna diyA gyaa| aura usa samUha ke Adi 10 (=prathama) zabda ke AdhAra para hI prArambha meM kucha saMjJAeM rakhI gii| uttarakAla meM artha kI dRSTi se anvartha aura zabdalAghava kI dRSTi se ekAkSara saMjJAnoM kI prakalpanA ho jAne para bhI ati-purA: kAla kI prathama zabda para prAkRta saMjJA kA vyavahAra pANinoya vyAkaraNa meM bhI kvacita surakSita raha gayA hai| tasya pANiniriva asa bhuvi iti gaNapAThaH / nyAsa 1 / 3 / 22 / / 1. evaM hi zrUyate-bRhaspatirindrAya divyaM varSasahasra pratipadoktAnAM zabdAnAM zabdapArAyaNaM provAca, nAntaM jagAma / mahA0 navA0 pRSTha 50 (nirnnysaagr)| 2. mahArAja bhoja dvArA prokta sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa meM yaha zailI dekhI jA 20 sakatI hai| 3. pANini ke zAstra meM ekAkSara se bar3I jo bhI saMjJAeM haiM, ve saba anvartha haiM / parantu eka 'nadI' saMjJA aisI hai, jo mahatI saMjJA hote hue bhI anvartha nahIM hai| yaha saMjJA pUrvAcAryoM dvArA gaNAdi zabda ke AdhAra para rakhI gaI saMjJAoM meM se bacI huI saMjJA hai| arthAt pUrvAcAryoM ne strIliMga dIrgha IkArAnta zabdoM 25 kA jo samUha par3hA hogA, usameM nadI zabda kA pATha prathama rahA hogA / usI ke AdhAra para usa samudAya ko nadI saMjJA rakhI gaI hogI (Adhunika paribhASA meM aise samudAya ko nadyAdi kahA jAtA hai)| isI prakAra kI agni' aura 'zraddhA' do saMjJAe kAtantra vyAkaraNa meM upalabdha hotI haiM (idudagniH' 2118; 'pA zraddhA' 231010) / ina saMjJAyoM ke prakAza meM pANini ke "goto Nit' (7 / 1190), -sUtra meM 'go' zabda prokArAntoM kI saMjJA pratIta hotI hai, 'gota:' meM paJcamyarthaka

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146 saMskRta-vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa uttarakAla meM adhyetAoM ke matimAndya tathA Ayu-hrAsa ke kAraNa jaba samasta vAGamaya meM saMkSepIkaraNa prArambha huA, taba zabdAnuzAsanoM ko bhI saMkSipta karane ke liye samAnakAryajJApanArtha nirdeSTavya tattad gaNa athavA samudAya ke prathama zabda ke sAtha Adi athavA prabhRti zabda ko jor3akara sUtrapATha meM rakhA aura Adi pada se nirdeSTavya zabdasamUhoM ko sUtrapATha se pRthak pddh'aa| gaNazailI kA udbhava aura pUrva vaiyAkaraNoM dvArA prayoga-gaNazailI ke udbhava ke mUla meM zAstra kA saMkSepIkaraNa mukhya hetu hai| usI lAghava ke lie zAstrakAroM ne gaNazailI ko janma diyA / isa gaNazailI 10 kA prayoga pANini se pUrvavartI vaiyAkaraNoM ne bhI apane zabdAnuzAsanoM meM kiyA hai| unake katipaya nirdeza pUrvavaiyAkaraNoM ke upalabdha sUtroM aura vaidika vyAkaraNoM meM upalabdha hote haiN|' pANini se pUrvavartI gaNapATha-pravaktA prAcArya pANini se pUrvavartI vaiyAkaraNoM ke zabdAnuzAsana isa 15 samaya upalabdha nahIM, ataH kisa-kisa vaiyAkaraNa AcArya ne apane zabdAnuzAsana ke sAtha gaNapATha kA pravacana kiyA thA, yaha sarvathA tasila kA prayoga hai, / 'gotaH' meM taparakaraNa nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki taparakaraNa tatkAla vargoM ke grahaNa ke liye svaroM ke sAtha hI kiyA jAtA hai go saMjJA mAna lene para 'dyo' zabda ke upasaMkhyAna athavA 'poto Nit' pAThAntara kalpanA kI AvazyakatA bhI nahIM rhtii| 1. isa viSaya ke vistAra ke lie dekhie hamAre mitra pro0 kapiladevajI, sAhityAcArya, ema. e., pI. eca. DI. dvArA likhita 'saMskRta vyAkaraNazAstra meM gaNapATha kI paramparA aura prAcArya pANini' nAmaka nibandha kA prathama aura dvitIya adhyAya / yaha granya 'bhAratIya prAcyavidyA pratiSThAna' (ajamera) kI ora se chapA hai aura rAmalAla kapUra TrasTa bahAlagar3ha (sonIpata) se prApta hotA hai / sampUrNa zodha grantha aMgrejI meM kurukSatra vizvavidyAlaya se chapa cakA hai| isI viSaya para esa. ema. ayAcita kA 'gaNapATha e kriTikala sTaDi' nAma nibandha bhI upayogI hai / yaha nibandha (liGa gvisTika sosAiTI Apha iNDiyA' Dakkana kAleja pUnA kI) 'iNDiyana liG gvisTika' patrikA ke 30 bhAga 22 san 1961 meM chapA hai|

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gaNapATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 147 ajJAta hai / prAcIna vaiyAkaraNoM ke upalabdha sUtroM aura uddhRta matoM se isa viSaya meM jo prakAza par3atA hai, tadanusAra pANini se pUrvavartI nimna prAcAryoM ne apane-apane tantroM meM gaNapATha kA pravacana kiyA thA 1. bhAguri (4000 vi0 pUrva) prAcArya bhAguri ke vyAkaraNazAstra aura usake kAla Adi ke 5 viSaya meM hama isa granya ke prathama bhAga, pRSTha 104-110 (ca0 saM0) taka vistAra se likha cuke haiN| vahIM para pRSTha 106-107 para bhAgurivyAkaraNa ke upalabdha katipaya vacana tathA mata likhe haiN| unameM nimna vacana vizeSa draSTavya haiM muNDAdestatkarotyarthe, gRhNAtyarthe kRtAditaH / vaktItyarthe ca satyAder, aGgAdestannirasyati / / ' tastAdvighAte, saMchAdervastrAta pRcchAditastathA / senAtazcAbhiyAne NiH, zlokAderapyupastutau // ' ina uddharaNoM meM muNDAdi, kRtAdi, satyAdi, pucchAdi aura zlokAdi pAMca gaNoM kA nirdeza hai / vinA gaNapATha ke pRthak pravacana 15 ke isa prakAra ke Adi pada ghaTita nirdezoM kA koI artha nahIM hotaa| isase spaSTa hai ki bhAguri ne gaNapATha kA pRthak pravacana avazya kiyA thaa| ___eka anya pramANa-bhASAvRttikAra puruSottama deva ne 4 / 1 / 10 kI vyAkhyA karate hue likhA hai napteti bhAguriH / arthAt bhAguri 20 ke mata meM naptR zabda bhI svastrAdi gaNa meM paThita thA, isalie usase strIliMga meM Gopa na hokara naptA prayoga hI hotA thaa| ___ ukta pATha meM azuddhi-puruSottama deva dvArA uddhRta bhAguri matanidarzaka pATha meM hameM kucha azuddhi pratIta hotI hai| kAtantra pariziSTa kI gopInAtha kRta TIkA pRSTha 386 (gurunAtha vidyApati kA saMska0) ra meM napteti bhAgavRtti, naptrIti bhAguri: pATha milatA hai| 'naptA' meM DIpa nahIM hotA, yaha mata bhAgavRttikAra ke nAma se anya granthoM meM bhI uddhRta hai / yathA-- 1. jagadIza tarkAlaMkAra kRta zabdazaktiprakAzikA, pRSTha 444 (kAzI sN0)| 2. vahI, pR0 445 / 3. vahI, pR0 446 / 30

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148 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa bhAgavRttikArastu naptRzabdamapi svasrAdiSu paThitvA naptA kumArI ityudAjahAra' / zabdakaustubha, bhAga 3, pRSTha 10 / / 'bhAgavRttikRd naptRzabdaM svatrAdau paThitavAn' / durghaTavRtti, pRSTha 74 / hamAre vicAra meM puruSottamadeva ke pATha meM kucha bhraMza huA hai| sambhava hai yahAM napteti bhAgavRttiH naptrIti bhAguriH hI mUla pATha ho, aura lekhaka ke dRSTidoSa se donoM nAmoM meM 'bhAga' zabda kI samAnatA ke kAraNa lekhana meM pATha chUTa gayA ho, athavA mudraNakAla meM saMzodhaka ke dRSTidoSa se pATha raha gayA ho / kucha bhI ho, bhAguri kA gaNapAThapravaktRtva to ubhayathA prajJApita hotA hai| napteti bhAguriH pATha se pratIta hotA hai ki bhAguri ne 'svasrAdi' gaNa meM 'naptR' kA bhI pATha kiyA thaa| naptrIti bhAguriH se prajJApita hotA hai ki bhAguri ne 'svasrAdi' gaNa meM 'naptR' kA pATha nahIM kiyA thaa| bhAguri ne svasrAdi gaNa par3hA thA, yaha to sarvathA 15 spaSTa hai| 2. zantanu (saM0 3000 vi0 pUrva0) AcArya zantunu kRta zabdAnuzAsana ke upalabhyamAna ekadeza phiTasatroM meM kucha gaNoM kA nirdeza milatA hai| yathA-ghatAdi, prAmAdi / ye niyatapaThitagaNa nahIM haiM, AkRtigaNa haiM, aisA Adhunika vyAkhyAtAoM kA mata hai| yadi yaha svIkAra kara bhI liyA jAye taba bhI usake zabdAnuzAsana meM gaNaparamparA to mAnanI hI hogii| zantanu ke kAla Adi ke viSaya meM 'phiTasUtroM kA pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA, nAmaka 27 veM adhyAya meM likheNge| 3. kAzakRtsna (sa0 3000 vi0 pU0) 25 kAzakRtsna ke dhAtupATha kA isI bhAga meM pUrva varNana kara cake haiN| dhAtupATha ke pRthak pravacana karane vAle vaiyAkaraNa ne gaNapATha kA bhI pRthaka pravacana avazya kiyA hogA, isameM sandeha kA koI avasara nhiiN|

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gaNapATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 146 cannavIra kavikRta dhAtupATha kI kannaDa TIkA meM kAzakRtsna ke jo 135 sUtra upalabdha hue haiM, una meM eka sUtra hai kSipnAdInAM na no NaH / pRSTha 247 / ' arthAt-kSipnA prabhRti zabdoM meM na ke sthAna meM Na nahIM hotaa| yathA kssipnaati| isa sUtra kI pANini ke kSumnAdiSu ca (aSTA0 8 / 4 / 39) sUtra se tulanA karane para spaSTa hai ki kAzakRtsna ne koI kSipnAdi gaNa avazya par3hA thaa| 4. Apizali (saM0 2900 vi0 pU0) Apizali ke vyAkaraNa aura usake kAla Adi ke viSaya meM isa 10 grantha ke prathama bhAga pRSTha 146-158 (ca0 saM0) taka vistAra se likha cuke haiN| pANini dvArA smRta AcAryoM meM prApizali hI eka aisA prAcArya hai, jisake viSaya meM hama anyoM kI apekSA adhika jAnate haiM / padamaJjarIkAra haradatta ke matAnusAra pANinIya tantra kI pRSThabhUmi pradhAnarUpa se Apizala vyAkaraNa hI hai| haradatta ke lekha kI 15 puSTi prApizali aura pANini ke upalabdha zikSAsUtroM kI tulanA se bhI hotI hai| donoM prAcAryoM ke zikSAsUtroM meM kucha sAdhAraNa sA vaiziSTaya hai, anyathA donoM meM samAnatA hai| Apizali ke vyAkaraNa 20 1. ina sUtroM kI vizada vyAkhyA ke lie dekhie 'kAzakRtsna vyAkaraNa aura usake upalabdha sUtra' nAmaka nibndh| 2. ukta nibandha, kramika sUtra saMkhyA 113 / . 3. kathaM punaridamAcAryeNa pANininA'vagatamete sAdhava iti ? prApizalena puurvvyaakrnnon............"| padamaJjarI, 'atha zabdA0' bhAga 1, pRSTha 6 / isI prakAra pRSTha 7 para bhI lekha hai| 4. pANinIya zikSAsUtroM meM aSTAdhyAyI ke samAna apizali kA mata bhI 25 uddhRta hai / dra0 pRSTha saMkhyA 18, sUtra 8 / 25 donoM zikSAsUtroM kA vistRta vivecanAyukta Adarza saMskaraNa hama prakAzita kara cuke haiN|

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150 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ke jo sUtra, saMjJA aura pratyAhAra yadi upalabdha hue haiM, ve bhI pANinIya sUtra, saMjJA aura pratyAhAroM se prAyaH samAnatA rakhate haiM / ' gaNapATha AcArya pizali ne svazabdAnuzAsana se saMbaddha gaNapATha kA 5 pRthak pravacana kiyA thA / prApizali ke sarvAdigaNa ke pAThakrama kA nirdeza karanevAlA AcArya bhartRhari kA eka vacana isa prakAra hai 'iha tyadAdInyA pizalaiH kimAdInyasmatparyantAni tataH pUrvAparAdhareti" .." / mahAbhASyadIpikA, hamArA hastalekha, pRSTha 287, pUnA saMska0 pRSTha 216 / arthAt Apizali ke gaNapATha meM tyadAdi - kim se lekara asmat paryanta the, tatpazcAt pUrvAparAdhara Adi gaNasUtra paThita the / 10 bhartRhari ke ukta vacana kI puSTi pradIpakAra kaiyaTa ke nimna vacana se bhI hotI hai 'tyadAdIni paThitvA gaNe kaizcit pUrvAdIni paThitAni' / ' 15 ina uddharaNoM se pizali ke gaNapATha ko sattA spaSTa pramANita hotI hai / pANini se pUrvavartI anya gaNakAra pANini se pUrvavartI anya vaiyAkaraNoM ne bhI gaNapATha kA pravacana kiyA hogA, isameM koI sandeha nahIM / parantu unake spaSTa nirdezaka 20 pramANa hameM upalabdha nahIM hue, isalie hamane anyoM kA ullekha nahIM kiyA / prAtizAkhya pravaktAoM meM bhI kucha eka ne gaNapAThazailI kA zrAzraya liyA thA, yaha unake vibhinna sUtroM se spaSTa hai / isa viSaya ke vistAra ke lie prAdhyApaka kapiladeva sAhityAcArya ema0 e0 pIeca0 DI kA "saMskRta vyAkaraNa meM gaNapATha kI paramparA aura 25 prAcArya pANini" nibandha kA dvitIya adhyAya dekhanA cAhie / pANinIya gaNapATha meM katipaya aise praza haiM, jinase pratIta hotA 1. dra0 saM0 vyA0 zAstra kA itihAsa bhAga 1, pRSTha 151-156 / 2. mahA0 pradIpa 1|1|33|| 3. yaha grantha rAmalAla kapUra TrasTa, bahAlagar3ha (sonIpata) se prApya hai /

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gaNapATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 151 hai ki pANini ne una aMzoM ko apane se pUrvavartI kinhIM gaNapAThoM se usI rUpa meM grahaNa kara liyA hai| yathA vAjAse |4|1|105 rAjA se | 5|1|128 TS |4|1186 | hRdayAse |5|1|13|| ina gaNasUtroM meM se zabda se zrasamAse kA nirdeza hai / pANi - 5 nIya zabdAnuzAsana meM kahIM para bhI asamAsa ke lie asa kA nirdeza upalabdha nahIM hotA / pANini se pUrvavartI Rktantra meM isa prakAra ke nirdeza bahudhA upalabdha hote haiN| yathA samAse kA mAse svavare kA re laghu kA ghu stobhe kA bhe zabda se / ' zabda se / zabda se 13 zabda se / zrauGa zrApaH | 7|1|18| prAGi cApaH | 7 | 3|105 // zrAGo nA'striyAm // 73 // 120 // isI prakAra aneka saMjJAzabdoM kA usake antya akSara se nirdeza milatA hai / inakI pUrvanirdiSTa gaNasUtroM meM prayukta ase pada ke sAtha tulanA karane se nizcita hai ki pANini ne apane gaNapATha ke pravacana 15 meM pUrvAcAryoM ke ukta gaNasUtroM ko usI rUpa meM saMgRhIta kara liyA hai, usameM svazAstra ke anusAra pariSkAra bhI nahIM kiyA / zrAcArya pANini kI yaha zailI usake zabdAnuzAsana meM bhI parilakSita hotI hai / yathA ina sUtroM meM smRta prAG aura aura pratyaya pANini ke zabdAnuzAsana meM kahIM para bhI paThita nahIM hai| yahAM pANini ne pUrva AcAryoM 10 ( pUrNa saMkhyA 20 1. mAse ghamRti 3 / 5 / 30 (pUrNa saMkhyA 103 ) / / saprakRtirmAse saMkRkayoH / 25 3 / 715; (pUrNa saMkhyA 125 ) / 2. na vRddha N re 3 / 118; (pUrNa saMkhyA 68 ) // 236 // ; 119) / 3. yugmaM ghu 4 / 3 / 1; (pUrNa saMkhyA 236 ) // 4. bhe sve mAntasthI 4 / 1 / 10 ; ( pUrNa saMkhyA 150 ) /

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152 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ke sUtroM ko hI apane pravacana meM sthAna de diyA / ata eva bhASyakAra ne bhI spaSTa kahA hai nirdezo'yaM pUrvasUtreNa vA syAt / 7 / 1 / 18 / / kAzikAkAra ne bhI 7 3 / 105 ko vyAkhyA meM likhA haiprAG iti pUrvAcAyanirdezena tRtIyaikavacanaM gRhyate / ina nirdezoM se spaSTa hai ki prAcArya pANini se pUrvavartI aneka vaiyAkaraNoM ke gaNapATha vidyamAna the| prAcAya pANini ne unameM kahIM para pariSkAra karake aura kahIM para yathAtatharUpa meM hI unako apane gaNa-pravacana meM svIkAra kara liyA hai| 5. pANini (saM0 2900 vi0 pU0) prAcArya pANini kA gaNapATha hameM upalabdha hai, yaha atyanta saubhAgya 'kA viSaya hai / yadi yaha lupta ho gayA hotA, to pANinIya zabdAnuzAsana ke gaNasaMbandhI sUtroM kA pUrNa tAtparya kabhI samajha meM na paataa| pANinIya vaiyAkaraNa jisa gaNapATha ko apanAte haiM, usake pANinIyatva15 apANinIyatva viSaya meM prAcIna granthakAroM meM matavaibhinnya upalabdha hotA hai / isalie usa para kucha vicAra karanA ucita hai gaNapATha kA apANinIyatva-kAzikA ke vyAkhyAtA jinendrabuddhi ne apane nyAsa grantha meM kaI sthAnoM para likhA hai ki yaha gaNapATha pANinIya nahIM hai / yathA 1-atha gaNa eva kauzika grahaNaM kasmAnna kRtam ? kaH punarevaM sati guNo bhavati ? sUtre punarba nugrahaNaM na kartavyaM bhavati / satyametat apANinIyatvAd gaNasya naivaM cAkaraNe pANinirupAlambhamarhati / 4 / 1 / 106 / / arthAt-[banu zabda gargAdi meM par3hA hai, usakA prayojana lohi25 tAdi antargata hone se 'epha' vidhAna hai / yadi aisA hai to] gargAdigaNa meM ho babhru ke sAtha kozika kA grahaNa kyoM nahIM kiyA ? isa prakAra karane meM kyA lAbha hotA ? sUtra meM vabhra zabda ke grahaNa kI AvazyakatA na hoto| satya hai, gaNapATha ke apANinIya hone se ukta prakAra nirdeza na karane ke viSaya meM pANini upAlambha ke yAgya nahIM hai|

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2/20 gaNapATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 153 2 - zabdo'yaM dvayAdiSu paThyate tasya dvayAdibhyaH paryudAsaH kriyate / tasmAt sarvanAmno'pi svazabdenopAdAnam / yadyevaM dvizabdAt pUrva kiMzabdaH paThitavyaH / evaM hi tasya pRthagrahaNaM na kartavyaM bhavati / satyametat / na sUtrakArasya iha gaNapATha iti nAsAvupAlambhamarhati / 5 / 3 / 2 / / arthAt - 'kim' zabda ko sarvAdi gaNa meM dvayAdi zabdoM meM par3hA hai / usakA zradvayAdibhyaH pada se pratiSedha prApta hotA hai / usa pratiSedha ko dUra karane ke lie sUtra meM sarvanAma hote hue bhI 'kim' zabda kA grahaNa kiyA hai / yadi aisA hI hai to 'kim' zabda ko 'dvi' se pahale par3ha denA cAhie [ aisA karane para na pratiSedha prApta hogA aura na 10 usako haTAne ke lie 'kim' kA grahaNa karanA hogA / ] satya hai / yahAM sUtrakAra kA gaNapATha nahIM hai ( arthAt gaNapATha kA kartA anya hai), isalie sUtrakAra ko upAlambha nahIM diyA jA sakatA / kucha zraMza kA vArtikakAra se bhI uttarakAlInatva - nyAsakAra gaNapATha ke kucha a Mza ko vArtikakAra se bhI uttarakAlIna mAnatA hai / vaha likhatA hai - 15 3 - yadyevaM 'padyatyatadarthe' (6 / 3 / 53 ) 'padbhAva ike caratA - vupasaMkhyAnam' kasmAd upasaMkhyAyate ? naiSa doSaH / pAdaH padityasyApaurANikatvAt |4|4|10 // I arthAt - [ parpAdigaNa meM paThita 'pAda: pat' sUtra se hI SThan aura 20 padbhAva hokara padikaH padikI prayoga upapanna ho jAeMge ] / yadi aisA hai, to padyatyatadarthe (6 / 3 / 53) sUtra para padbhAva ike caratAvupasaMkhyAnam vArtika par3hakara padbhAva ke vidhAna kI kyA AvazyakatA hai ? yaha koI doSa nahIM hai, pAdaH pat gaNasUtra ke Adhunika hone se / uparyukta uddharaNoM se spaSTa hai ki jinendrabuddhi pANinIya sampra - 25 dAya saMbaddha gaNapATha ko kevala grapANinIya hI nahIM mAnatA, apitu usake kucha aMza ko vaha vArtikakAra se bhI uttarakAla kA mAnatA hai / AI. esa. pAvate-nyAsakAra ke ukta vacanoM tathA katipaya anya vacanoM ke AdhAra para AI. esa. pAvate ne bhI gaNapATha ke viSaya meM likhA hai ki aSTAdhyAyI ke kartA ne gaNapATha tathA dhAtupATha donoM 30

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154 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ko apane prAcAryoM se prApta kiyA', arthAt ye pANinIya nahIM haiN| gaNapATha kA pANinIyatva-nyAsakAra ko chor3akara prAyaH anya sabhI pANinIya vaiyAkaraNa isa gaNapATha ko pANini kA pravacana mAnate haiN| punarapi hama isake pANinIyatva ke jJApaka katipaya pramANa upasthita karate haiM 1- gaNazailI ko apanAne vAlA koI bhI vaiyAkaraNa vinA gaNapATha kA nirdhAraNa kie apane zabdAnuzAsana kA pravacana nahIM kara sakatA / pANini ne apane zabdAnuzAsana meM sarvatra gaNazailI kA Azra yaNa kiyA hai, isalie Avazyaka hai ki pANini zabdAnuzAsana ke 10 pravacana se pUrva, tattadgaNasaMbaddha sUtroM ke upadeza se pUrva una-una gaNoM ke svarUpa kA nirdhAraNa kare, aura anantara usake sAhAyya se zabdAnuzAsana kA pravacana kre| isa dRSTi se yaha sutarAM siddha hai ki pANini ne apane zabdAnuzAsana ke gaNataMbaddha sUtroM ke pravacana se pUrva una-una gaNoM ke svarUpa kA nirdhAraNa avazya kiyA hogA, aura vaha nirdhAraNa 15 hI batamAna pANinIya-saMpradAya-saMbaddha gaNapATha hai| 2-bhagavAna bhASyakAra ne jase mahAbhASya meM aneka sthAnoM para sUtrapaThita zabda-vizeSoM se vibhinna prakAra ke jJApana karate hue jJApati kriyA ke sAtha AcArya pada kA nirdeza kiyA hai, usI prakAra gaNapATha meM paThita aneka viziSTa zabdoM se bhI aneka arthavizeSoM kA jJApana 20 karate hue prAcArya pada kA prayoga kiyA hai / yathA (ka) yadayaM yuktArohyAdiSu ekazitipAcchabdaM paThati tajjJApayatyAcAryo nimittasvarAnnimittisvaro balIyAnIti / mahA0 2 / 1 / 1 / / (kha) yadayaM kaskAdiSu bhrAtuSputrazabdaM paThati tajjJApatyAcAryo naikAdezanimittAt SatvaM bhavatIti / mahA0 8 / 3 / 11 // 25 (ga) evaM tAcAryapravRttipiyati nodAttanivRttisvaraH zunya vatarati yadayaM zvanazabdaM gaurAdiSu paThati, antodAttArthaM yatnaM karoti, siddhaM hi syAnDIpava / mahA0 1 / 4 / 27,6 / 4 / 22 / / (gha) evaM tAcAryapravRttiApayati na tadvizeSebhyo bhavati, yadayaM vipATazabdaM zaratprabhRtiSu paThati / mahA0 1 / 1 / 22 / / 30 1. dI sTrakcara Apha aSTAdhyAyI, pRSTha 61 /

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gaNapATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 1.55 (Ga) evaM tahi siddhe sati yatsavanAdiSu azvasanizabdaM paThati, tajjJApayatyAcAryo niNantAdapi SatvaM bhavatIti / mahA0 8|3|110 // (ca) prAcAryapravRttirjJApayati bhavatyukarAno Natvamiti yadayaM kSubhnAdiSu nRnamanazabdaM paThati / yastahi tRpnotizabdaM paThati / mahA0 1|1| A0 2 (pRSTha 108 nirNayasAgara ) ina uddharaNoM se spaSTa hai ki mahAbhASyakAra sUtrapATha ke samAna hI gaNapATha kA pravaktA bhI prAcArya pANini ko mAnate haiM / mahAbhASyakAra jaise mUrdhAbhiSikta prAcArya ke pramANoM ke sammukha jinendrabuddhi kA kathana kyoMkara pramANa ho sakatA hai ? jinendrabuddhi kA vadatovyAghAta - dhAtupATha ke prakaraNa meM hI hama 10 likha cuke haiM ki jinendrabuddhi dhAtupATha ke pANinIyatya kA pratipAdana karate hue aneka sthAnoM meM avaruddha kaNTha se use pANinIya bhI svIkAra karatA hai / usI prakAra gaNapATha ke viSaya meM usake paraspara viruddha vacana upalabdha hote haiM / gaNapATha ke apANinIyatva pratipAdaka vacana udadhRta kara cuke haiM, aba hama usake katipaya aise vacana uddhRta karate haiM, jinameM vaha gaNapATha ko pANinIya bhI mAnatA hai / yathA 15 1 - upadeze'janunAsika ita ( praSTA 0 1 3 2 ) ke 'upadeza' pada kI vyAkhyA meM kAzikAkAra ne likhA hai-upadeza: zAstravAkyAni, sUtrapATha khilapAThazca / arthAt upadeza nAma zAstravAkyoM kA hai, vaha sUtrapATha aura khilapATha rUpa hai / nyAsakAra isakI vyAkhyA meM likhatA 20 hai 1 'sUtrapATha: khilapAThazca / khilapATho dhAtupAThaH / cakArAt prAtipadika pAThazca' / yahA~ nyAsakAra ne upadeza pada kI vyAkhyA meM ' sUtrapATha ke samAna hI prAtipadikapATha arthAt gaNapATha kA bhI nirdeza kiyA haiM / yadi sUtrapATha ke samAna hI gaNapATha bhI pANinIya abhipra eta na 25 hotA, to usakA pANinIya upadeza pada se kathaMcita bhI grahaNa nahIM ho sakatA / yataH nyAsakAra upadeza pada kI vyApti gaNapATha paryanta mAnatA hai, ataH spaSTa hai ki gaNapATha bhI pANinIya hai / anyathA - sUtrapATha aura gaNapATha ke pravaktAoM meM bhinnatA hone para pANinIya sUtra kI pravRtti gaNapATha meM nahIM ho sakatI / 30

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 2-kambalAcca saMjJAyAm (5 / 13) sUtra ke viSaya meM nyAsakAra likhatA hai 'pratha gavAdiSveva kambalAcca saMjJAyAmiti kasmAnna paThati / tatra pAThe na kazcid gurulAghavakRto vizeSa iti yatkiJcidetaditi' / 5 bhAga 2, pRSTha 6 / arthAt-gavAdi (5 // 1 // 2) gaNa meM hI kambalAcca saMjJAyAm sUtra kyoM nahIM pddh'taa| vahAM pATha karane meM [aura yahAM pATha karane meM] koI gauravalAghavakRta vizeSatA to hai nahIM, isalie vahAM kA pATha prayojanarahita hai| 10 isa sthAna para nyAsakAra ne kambalAcca saMjJAyAm sUtra ko sUtrapATha meM par3hane aura gaNapATha meM par3hane ke gaurava-lAghava para vicAra kiyA hai| yaha vicAra tabhI utpanna ho sakatA hai, jaba ki donoM kA pravaktA eka hI prAcArya ho| bhinna-bhinna pravaktA mAnane para ukta vicAra kiyA hI nahIM jA sktaa| itanA hI nahIM, kasmAnna vAkya 15 meM paThati kriyA kA kartA pANini ke atirikta aura koI nahIM mAnA jA sakatA, kyoMki kambalAcca saMjJAyAma sUtra kA pATha pANini kA hai, ataH ukta vAkya meM paThati kriyA kA kartA bhI pANini hI hai yaha nizcita hai| 3-nyAsakAra ne aSTA0 5 / 32 ke sUtrapATha aura gaNapATha kI tulanA karake sUtrapATha meM jo doSa dikhAI par3A, usakA samAdhAna na sUtrakArasyeha gaNapAThaH iti nAsAvupAlambhamarhati arthAt yahAM sUtrakAra kA gaNapATha nahIM hai (gaNapATha anya prAcArya kA hai) isalie vaha upAlambha yogya nahIM haiM, aisA samAdhAna karake ukta samAdhAna se santuSTa na hokara samAdhAnAntara likhatA hai_ 'api ca tyadAdInAM yat yat paraM tattacchiSyate iti kimaH sarve__ reva tyadAdibhiH sahavivakSAyAM zeSa iSyate-tvaM ca kazca ko, bhavAMzca kazca ko / sa caivaM pAThe na siddhayatIti ythaanyaasmevaastu| arthAt-'tyadAdiyoM meM jo-jo pare hotA hai, usakA zeSa iSTa hai| isa niyama se kim kA sabhI tyadAdiyoM ke sAtha sahavivakSA meM zeSatva 3. iSTa hai / yathA-tvaM ca kazca ko, bhavAMzca kazca ko / vaha ukta prakAra

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gaNapATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAta 157 ke pATha meM arthAt tyadAdiyoM se kim ko pUrva par3hane meM siddha nahIM hotA, isalie yathAnyAsa hI pATha ThIka hai| yahAM spaSTa hI nyAsakAra ne pUrva samAdhAna se asantuSTa hokara samAdhAnAntara kiyA, aura gaNapATha ke yathAsthita pATha ko yuktiyukta drshaayaa| isase tathA pUrvanirdiSTa do pramANoM se spaSTa hai ki nyAsakAra 5 gaNapATha ko pANinIya ho mAnatA hai, parantu jahAM-jahAM donoM meM use virodha pratIta huaA aura usakA vaha samAdhAna nahIM kara sakA, vahAMvahAM usane sUtrapATha ko pradhAnatA dene ke lie praur3hivAda se gaNapATha ke apANinIyatva kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| nyAsakAra kI bhrAnti kA kAraNa aura samAdhAna nyAsakAra 10 jinendrabuddhi ko gaNapATha ke pANinIyatva meM jo bhrAnti huI hai, usakA kAraNa prokta aura kRta granthoM ke bheda kA vAstavika parijJAna na honA hai| sAmpratika anusaMdhAnakartA bhI prokta aura kRta granthoM meM bheda-jJAna nahIM rakhate, / isalie unake dvArA nikAle gae pariNAma bhI prAyaH asatya hote haiM / prokta aura kRta granthoM meM kyA bheda hotA hai, yaha hama vistAra 15 se pANinIya dhAtupATha ke prakaraNa meM likha cuke haiM, ataH usakA punaH piSTapeSaNa karanA ayukta hai| nyAsakAra ko dhAtupATha ke pANinIyatva ke saMbandha meM bhI prokta aura kRta granthoM ke bheda kA aparijJAna hone se jo bhrAnti huI, usakA nirAkaraNa hama pANinIya dhAtupATha ke prasaGga meM kara cuke haiN| __ pANini kA gaNapATha usakA prokta grantha hai, isalie usameM grAdi se anta taka kI sampUrNa varNAnupUrvI pANini ko apanI nahIM hai| pANini ne pUrvaparamparA se prApta gaNapAThoM se ucita sAmagrI ko kahIM pUrNatayA unhIM ke zabdoM meM, kahIM svalpa parivartana ayavA parivardhana karake apane gaNapATha kA pravacana kiyA hai / pUrva uddhRt| 25 vAjAse / 4 / 1 / 105 // vaSkayAse / 4 / 1 / 86 // rAjAse / 5 / 11128 // hRdyaase| 211130 // ityAdi gaNasUtra pANini ne apane pUrvavartI prAcAryoM ke gaNapAThoM se akSarazaH grahaNa kara lie haiM, yaha hama pUrva (pRSTha 151) likha cuke haiN| isalie jaise pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI meM pUrva prAcAryoM ke sUtroM 30 ke nirdeza se sUtrapATha kA pANinIyatva khaNDita nahIM hotA, usI prakAra

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158 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa dhAtupATha aura gaNapATha meM bhI pUrva prAcAryoM kI sAmagrI kA grahaNa hone se unake pANinIyatva kA pratyAkhyAna nahIM ho sktaa| ina granthoM meM jahAM-kahIM bhI kucha virodha athavA nyUnAdhikatA pratIta ho, usakA samAdhAna mahAbhASyakAra kA anusaraNa karate hue' pUrvAcAryanirdeza mAna 5 kara hI karanA caahie| gaNapATha ke do pATha hama aSTAdhyAyI aura dhAtupATha ke prakaraNa meM vistAra se likha cuke haiM ki inake pANini dvArA prokta hI nyUnAtinyUna do-do saMskaraNa haiN| eka laghupATha hai, aura dUsarA vRddhpaatth| isI prakAra gaNapATha ke bhI pANini ke do pravacana haiM, arthAt do prakAra ke pATha haiM-eka laghapATha aura dUsarA vaddhapATha / gaNapATha kA jo samprati upalabhyamAna pATha hai, vaha usakA vRddhapATha hai / laghupATha isa samaya aprApta hai| do prakAra ke pATha meM pramANa-pANini ke gaNapATha kA do prakAra kA pATha hai, isakI sUcanA mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali ke nimna pATha se 5 milatI hai / mahAbhASyakAra tRjvat kroSTuH, striyAM ca (7 / 1 / 95,96) sUtroM kI vyAkhyA meM likhate haiM tRjvaddhAvanimittaka: sa IkAraH / nAkRte tRjvadbhAve IkAraH prApnoti / kiM kAraNam ? 'Rnnebhyo GIp' ityucyate / IkAre ca tRjvadbhAvaH / tadidamitaretarAzrayaM bhavati / itaretarAzrayANi ca kAryANi na prakalpante / evaM tahi gaurAdiSa pAThAdokAro bhaviSyati / gaurAdiSu na paThyate / nahi kiMcittunnantaM gorAdiSu paThyate / evaM tahi jJApayatyAcAryaH-bhavatyatra IkAra iti yadayamIkAre tRjvadbhA zAsti / arthAt-tRdbhAva ko nimitta mAnakara vaha IkAra hotA hai| tRjvadbhAva vinA kiye IkAra prApta nahIM hotaa| kyA kAraNa hai ? 25 RkArAntoM se Gopa hotA hai, aisA kahA hai (dra0-aSTA0 4 / 15) / IkAra pare hone para tRjvadbhAva kA vidhAna kiyA hai (dra0-aSTA0 7 / 1 / 96) / yaha itaretarAzraya hotA hai (=IkAra ho to tRjvadbhAva 1. mahAbhASyakAra ne pANinIya sUtroM meM pratIyamAna asAmaJjasya ke nivA. raNa ke lie sthAna-sthAna para 'pUrvasUtranideza' kA prAzrayaNa liyA hai| yathA30 nirdezo'yaM pUrvasUtreNa vA syAt / 7 / 1 / 18 //

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gaNapATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 15e ho, tRjvadbhAva hove to IkAra ho ) / itaretarAzraya kArya siddha nahIM hote / acchA to gaurAdi (gaNapATha 4|1|41 ) pATha se IkAra ho jAegA (arthAt gaurAdi meM tunnanta kroSTu zabda par3hA hai ) / gaurAdi meM nahIM par3hA jAtA / koI bhI tunnanta zabda gaurAdi meM nahIM pddh'aa| acchA to prAcArya batalAte haiM ki yahAM IkAra hotA hai, jo yaha [ prAcArya ] 5 IkAra pare rahane para tRjvadbhAva kA vidhAna karate haiM / isa uddharaNa meM do paraspara viruddha bAteM kahI pratIta hotI haiM / pahale kahA hai ki kroSTu zabda gaurAdi ( 4 | 1|41) gaNa meM par3hA hai / agale vAkya meM kahA ki koI bhI tunnanta gaurAdi meM nahIM par3hA / jahAM para isa prakAra kA virodha hotA hai, isake samAdhAna kA mArga svaya bhASyakAra ne RlRk sUtra ke bhASya meM darzAyA hai 10 pakSAntarairapi parihArA bhavanti / 1|1| pratyA0 sUtra 2 / arthAt - jahAM virodha kI pratIti ho, vahAM pakSAntara mAnakara samAdhAna karanA cAhie / isI niyama se yahAM bhI pratIyamAna virodha ke parihAra kA mArga 15 koSTa zabda kA pATha yahI hai ki gaNapATha ke jisa pATha meM gaurAdi meM thA, use mAnakara pUrva samAdhAna diyA aura jisa pATha meM gaurAdi meM koSTa zabda kA pATha nahIM thA use mAna kara kahA ki gaurAdi meM koI tunnanta zabda nahIM par3hA / yadi pakSAntara se parihAra na mAnA jAe to bhASyakAra kA ukta kathana parasparaviruddha hone se pramattagIta hogA / mahAbhASya ke isa sthala kI vyAkhyA karate hue kaiyaTa ne spaSTa likhA hai gaurAdipAThAditi - pRthivI kroSTu pippalyAdayazca' iti chedAdhyAyinaH paThanti / nahi kiJciditi - saMhitAdhyAyino na paThanti / 1 20 arthAt - gaurAdi gaNa meM pRthivI kroSTu pippalyAdayazca aisA pATha 25 chedAdhyAyI par3hate haiM / saMhitAdhyAyI [ ukta pATha ] nahIM par3hate / hamAre vicAra meM yahAM chedAdhyAyI se gaNapATha ke vRddhapATha adhyetAbhita haiM aura saMhitAdhyAyI se laghupATha ke adhyetA / vRddha pATha meM pippalyAdayazca gaNasUtra ke udAharaNarUpa pRthiva, koSTu Adi

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160 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa zabda bhI par3he gaye the aura laghupATha meM gaNasUtra hI paThita thA, udAharaNabhUta zabdoM kA nirdeza nahIM thaa| nAgeza kI bhUla-nAgezabhaTTa ne kaiyaTa ke isa sthala kI vyAkhyA meM likhA hai prAcAryANAM matabhedena krossttushbdpaatthaapaatthaavukto| arthAt -AcAryoM ke matabheda se gaurAdi gaNa meM kroSTu zabda kA pATha athavA pAThAbhAva kahA hai| isase aisA dhvanita hotA hai ki nAgeza pANini se bhinna prAcAryoM dvArA paThita gaNapATha meM kroSTa zabda ke pATha athavA pAThAbhAva ko 10 mAnatA hai| - ubhayapAThoM kA pANinIyatva-gaNapATha ke vRddha aura laghu donoM pATha pANini-prokta haiM / yaha aSTAdhyAyI aura dhAtupATha ke vRddha aura laghupATha kI tulanA se spaSTa hai| kaI vidvAnoM kA kahanA hai ki gaurAdi gaNa meM pippalyAdayazca " gaNasUtra sarvathA prakSipta hai| kyoMki pANini ne kahIM para bhI pippalyAdi zabda nahIM par3he, jinake AdhAra para gaNasUtra kI racanA ho sake / ' vastutaH yaha kathana cintya hai / pANinIya gaNapATha meM anyatra bhI avAntara gaNasUcaka gaNasUtra vidyamAna haiM, yathA gahAdi (4 / 2 / 138) gaNa meM veNakAdibhyazchaN gaNasUtra / aise sabhI gaNa athavA gaNasUtra una prAcIna gaNapAThoM se Ae hue haiM, jinameM ye gaNa svatantra rUpa se anyatra paDhe gaye the / gahAdi gaNa meM paThita veNukAdibhyazchaN gaNasUtra isa bAta kI spaSTa ghoSaNA kara rahA hai ki isa gaNasUtra ko pANini ne kiso parvAcArya ke gaNapATha se liyA hai, kyoMki gahAdiyoM se 'cha' pratyaya to prApta hI hai, kevala usake Nitva kA vidhAna hI iSTa hai| yadi isa 5 sUtra ko pANini pUrvasUtra ke rUpa meM hI svIkAra na karate to unheM veNukAdibhyo Nit AnupUrvI rakhanI cAhie thii| 1. draSTavya-prAdhyApaka kapila deva sAhityAcArya ema. e. pIeca. DI. kA saMskRta vyAkaraNa meM gaNapATha kI paramparA aura prAcArya pANini' nAmaka nivandha, a0 2, pRSTha 34 //

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2/21 gaNapATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 161 gaNapATha kA anekathA pravacana-pANini ne aSTAdhyAyo aura dhAtupATha kA jaise anekadhA pravacana kiyA, usI prakAra gaNapATha kA bhI anekadhA pravacana kiyA thaa| usI pravacanabheda se gaNapATha ke nyUnAtinyUna do prakAra ke pATha upapanna hue| nadyAdi gaNa (4 / 2 / 67) meM paThita pUrvanagarI pada kI vyAkhyA karate hue kAzikAkAra ne 5 likhA hai paurvanagareyam / kecittu pUrvanagirIti paThanti vicchidya ca pratyayaM kurvanti paureyam, vAneyam, gaireyam / tadubhayamapi darzanaM pramANam / ___ arthAt-[pUrvanagarI se] pauvngrey| kaI loga 'pUrvanagiri' par3hate haiM aura usase 'pUr-vana-giri' aisA viccheda karake pratyaya karate 10 haiM aura rUpa batAte haiM paureyam, vAneyam, gaireyam / ye donoM hI darzana pramANa haiN| haradatta dvArA spaSTIkaraNa-kAzikA ke ukta mata kA spaSTIkaraNa karate hue haradatta meM likhA hai ubhayathApyAcAryeNa ziSyANAM pratipAdanAt / __ arthAt-prAcArya dvArA donoM prakAra [pUrvanagarI-pUr-vana-giri] kA pratipAdana hone se donoM pATha pramANa haiM / aisA hI nyAsakAra ne bhI likhA hai (bhAga 1, pRSTha 659) / isa uddharaNa se spaSTa hai ki prAcArya pANini ne gaNapATha kA anekadhA pravacana kiyA thaa| gaNapATha ke adhyayanAdhyApana kA uccheda hama isI grantha ke aThArahaveM adhyAya (bhAga 2, pRSTha 4) para likha cake haiM ki zabdAnuzAsana meM gaNapATha Adi ke pRthakkaraNa se eka mahatI hAni huI / adhyetA logoM ne isa mahattvapUrNa grantha kA adhyayana chor3a diyaa| usakA phala yaha hayA ki gaNapATha ke pATha meM bahuta hI 25 gar3abar3I ho gaI, zuddha pATha lupta ho gyaa| usakI yaha dIna avasthA dekhakara kAzikAkAra ke mahAn parizrama se gaNapATha ke pATha kA zodhana kiyaa| ataeva usane kAzikA ke prArambha meM eka vizeSaNa rakhAzuddhagaNA / isakI vyAkhyA meM haradatta likhatA hai 20

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162 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa tathA zuddhagaNA-vakSyati 'lohitaDAbhya: kyaSvacanaM bhRzAdiSvitarANi' iti, 'kaNvAttu zakalaH pUrvaH katAduttara iSyate' iti ca / saiSA gaNasya zuddhiH / vRttyantareSu tu gaNapATha eva nAsti, prAgeva zuddhiH / bhAga 1, pRSTha 4 / ___ arthAt-kahegA [kAzikAkAra] lohita aura DAjantoM se kyaS karanA cAhie, zeSa lohitAdi padoM ko bhRzAdi meM par3ha denA caahiye| tathA zakala zabda kA pATha kaNva se pUrva aura kata se uttara iSTa hai| yaha hai gaNa kI zuddhi / anya vRttiyoM meM gaNapATha nahIM unameM pahile hI gaNa sApha haiN| kAzikAra ke gaNapATha kI zuddhi kA prayatna aneka sthAnoM para spaSTatayA upalabdha hotA hai| vaha gopavanAdi gaNa ke sambandha meM likhatA hai etAvata evASTau gopavanAdayaH / pariziSTAnAM haritAdInAM pramAdapAThaH / kAzikA 2 / 4 / 67 / / arthAt-itane hI ATha gopavanAdi zabda haiN| avaziSTa haritAdi kA pATha pramAdajanya haiN| gaNapATha kA Adarza saMskaraNa-kAzikAkAra ke itanA mahAn prayatna karane para bhI gaNapATha uttarakAla meM bhraSTa, bhraSTatara aura bhraSTatama hotA gyaa| Aja gaNapATha kI yaha sthiti haiM ki gaNapATha ke kinhIM bhI do hastalekhoM ke pATha paraspara samAna nahIM haiM / kAzikA ke hastalekhoM meM bhI gaNapATha meM mahad antara upalabdha hotA hai| aisI bhayAnaka sthiti meM jahAM gaNapATha ke parizodhana kA kArya bahuta mahattva rakhatA hai, vahAM yaha atyadhika parizrama bhI cAhatA hai| hamAre mitra pro. kapiladeva jI sAhityAcArya ema0 e0 ne pIeca0 DI0 ke lie mere kahane se 'pANinIya gaNapATha kA sampAdana aura tulanAtmaka adhyayana' kArya hAtha meM liyaa| aura unhoMne anekoM hastalekhoM aura vibhinna vyAkaraNoM ke gaNapAThoM ke sAhAyya se kaI varSa prayatna karake pANinIya gaNapATha kA Adarza saMskaraNa taiyAra kiyaa| unheM isa kArya para pIeca. DI0 30 kI upAdhi bhI prApta ho gaI / gaNapAThoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana aMza

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gaNapATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 163 'saMskRta vyAkaraNa meM gaNapATha kI paramparA aura prAcArya pANini' ke nAma se chapa gayA hai| gaNapATha kA prAdarza saMskaraNa bhI prakAzita karane kA vicAra hai / gaNoM ke do bheda gaNapATha meM jitane gaNa haiM, unheM hama do vibhAgoM meM vibhakta kara 5 sakate haiN| eka ve gaNa haiM jinameM zabda niyamita haiM arthAta usa gaNa meM jitane zabda par3he haiM, utane zabdoM se hI usa gaNa kA kArya hogA / yathA sarvAdi gnn'| dUsare gaNa ve haiM, jinameM zabdoM kI niyata saMkhyA abhipreta nahIM hai / anya zabdoM se bhI ukta gaNa kA kArya ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra ke gaNa vaiyAkaraNoM kI paribhASA meM prAkRtigaNa kahAte haiN| jina gaNoM meM zabdoM kA saMkalana sImita hotA hai, unake anta meM zabdasaMkalana kI parisamApti ke dyotana ke lie samAptyarthaka vRta zabda par3hA jAtA hai / aura jo prAkRtigaNa hote haiM unake anta meM vat zabda kA pATha nahIM hotaa| ythaa| prAvRtkaraNAd prAkRtigaNo'yam / kAzikA 2 // 1 // 48 // kAzikA meM yahAM pATha chapA hai-avyaktatvAccAkRtigaNo'yam / yaha apapATha hai| pUrvanirdiSTa pATha jo ki zuddha hai, sampAdaka ne TippaNI meM rakhA hai| (yaha sampAdaka ke ajJAna kA dyotaka hai) / kahIM-kahIM niyata rUpa se paThita gaNa ko bhI ca zabda ke pATha se AkRti gaNa mAnA jAtA hai| yathA 1-prAkRtigaNazca pravRddhAdiSTavya iti / kutata et ? prAkRtigaNatAM tasya sUcayitumanuktasamuccayArthasya cakArasyeha karaNAt / nyAsa 6 / 2 / 147 // 1. hama ise prakAzita nahIM kara ske| DA. kapila deva ke pIeca. DI. kA nibandha 'kurukSetra vizvavidyAlaya' se aMgrejI meM chapA hai| usameM yaha bhI aMza 25 chapa gayA hai| 2. sarvAdigaNa meM zabda niyata hone para bhI katipaya aise ArSa prayoga dekhe jAte haiN| jinameM sarvanAma saMjJA kA kArya hotA hai| yathA-'pratyatamasmin sthAne' (prApi0 pANi0 zikSAsUtra 8 / 1) /

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gaNapATha ke vyAkhyAtA pANinIya gaNapATha para aneka vaiyAkaraNoM ne vyAkhyAeM likhI hoMgI, parantu isa samaya pANinIya gaNapATha para koI bhI prAcIna vyAkhyA upalabdha nahIM hotI / yajJezvara bhaTTa kI gaNaratnAvalI nAmaka eka vyAkhyA milatI hai / isakA racanA kAla vi0 saM0 1939 hai / ' usakA mukhya AdhAra bhI vardhamAna kRta gaNaratnamahodadhi hai / prAcIna 10 vAG maya ke avagAhana se gaNapATha para aneka vyAkhyAgranthoM kA paricaya milatA hai / hameM gaNapATha ke jina-jina vyAkhyAtAnoM athavA vyAkhyA meM kA bodha hai, ve isa prakAra haiM 1 - pANini 5 164 saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa 2 - cakAro'nuktasamuccayArthaH / sa cAkRtigaNatAM suSAmAderbodhayatItyata zrAha - zravihitalakSaNa ityAdi / nyAsa 8|3|100 / / bhAga 3, pRSTha 1094 pANini ne apane sUtrapATha kI aura dhAtupATha kI vRttiyoM kA svayaM 15 pravacana kiyA thA aura vaha bhI anekadhA, yaha hama pUrva yathAsthAna likha cuke haiN| hamArA vicAra hai ki pANini ne sUtrapATha aura vAtupATha kI vRttiyoM ke samAna gaNapATha kI kisI vRtti kA bhI pravacana kisI na kisI rUpa meM 'avazya kiyA thaa| isameM nimna pramANa haiM 1 - kAzikAkAra nadyAdi (4/2/67) gaNa meM paThita pUrvanagarI kI 20 vyAkhyA karake likhatA hai 30 'kecit pUrvanagirI iti paThanti vicchidya ca pratyayaM kurvanti, paureyam, vAneyam, gaireyam iti tadubhayamapi darzanaM pramANam / ' arthAt -- kaI | vyAkhyAtA pUrvanagarI pada ke sthAna meM ] pUrvanagiri par3hate haiM, aura viccheda karake pratyaya karate haiM - pUr-paureya, vana vAneya, 2 giri-gaireya / ye donoM darzana hI pramANa hai / isakI vyAkhyA karate hue nyAsakAra jinendrabuddhi ne likhA hai'ubhayathApyAcAryeNa ziSyANAM pratipAdanAt !' bhAga 1, pRSTha 656 / arthAt - donoM prakAra [ pUrvanagarI - pUrvanagiri ] se AcArya dvArA ziSyoM ko pratipAdana karane se ( par3hAne se ) donoM hI pATha pramANa I 1. isakA varNana isI prakaraNa meM Age kareMge /

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gaNapATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 165 aisA hI ullekha haradatta ne bhI isI sUtra para kiyA hai| 2-nyAsakAra sthUlAdi (5453) gaNa meM paThita sthUlANumASeSu kI tIna prakAra kI, tathA pAdyakAlAvadAttAH surAyAma sUtra kI do prakAra kI prAcIna vyAkhyAeM udhata karatA hai| ye vibhinna vyAkhyAeM sambhavataH pANini dvArA hI aneka pravacanakAla meM kI gaI hoNgii| 5 anyathA sabhI vyAkhyAnoM kA prAmANya nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| 3-- vardhamAna sUri gaNaratnamahodadhi meM kroDyAntargata caitayata pada para likhatA hai'pANinistu cita saMvedane ityasya caitayata ityAha' / pRSTha 37 / pANini ne caitasta pada kI vardhamAnanidarzita vyutpatti gaNapATha kI 10 vatti meM pradarzita kI hogii| kAzikA meM 'caitayata' ke sthAna meM caiTayata pATha milatA hai, vaha cintya hai| ina pramANoM meM spaSTa hai ki pANini ne apane gaNapATha ke pravacana ke sAtha-sAtha usakI kisI vRtti kA bhI pravacana kiyA thA, aura vaha gaNapATha aura vatti kA pravacana anekavidha thaa| usI vaividhya ke 15 kAraNa pANinIya sampradAya meM bhI gaNapATha ke vyAkhyAkAroM meM aneka mata pracalita ho ge| 2-nAmapArAyaNakAra (vi0 saM0 700 se pUrva) kAzikAkAra ne grantha ke prArambha meM likhA hai 'vRttau bhASye tathA dhAtunAmapArAyaNAdiSu / , - yahAM pArAyaNa zabda donoM ke sAtha saMbaddha hokara nAmapArAyaNa aura dhAtupArAyaNa nAma ke granthoM kA saMketa karatA hai| dhAtupArAyaNa nAma ke dhAtupATha ke vyAkhyAna grantha kaI eka prasiddha haiN| unakA nirdeza dhAtupATha ke prakaraNa meM yathAsthAna kara diyA hai| dhAtupArAyaNa ke sAdRzya se nAmapArAyaNa gaNazabdoM kA vyAkhyAna grantha 25 honA caahie| haradatta ne ukta zloka kI vyAkhyA meM yahI tAtparya prakaTa kiyA hai / yathA 'yatra dhAtuprakriyA tad dhAtupArAyaNam, yatra gaNazabdAnAM nirvacanaM tannAmapArAyaNam / ' padamaJjarI (prArambha meM) bhAga 1. pRSTha 4 /

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166 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa haradatta ne taulvalyAdi gaNa (2 / 4 / 61) ke katipaya zabdoM kA nirvacana karake likhA hai 'pariziSTAH pArAyaNe draSTavyAH' / 2 / 4 / 62, bhAga 1, pRSTha 487 yaha nAmapArAyaNa grantha pANinIya gaNapATha kA vyAkhyAna grantha 5 rahA hogaa| parantu nAmapArAyaNa ke do uddharaNa aise bhI upalabdha hote haiM, jina se aAzaMkA hotI hai ki yaha nAmapArAyaNa kisI anya tantra se saMbaddha rahA ho / ve uddharaNa isa prakAra haiM 1-kAzikAkAra ne 8 / 3 / 48 meM likhA hai 'sapiSkuNDikA, dhanuSkapAlam, bahiSpUlam, yajuSpAtram ityeSAM pATha 10 uttarapadasthasyApi SatvaM yathA syAditi pArAyaNikA aahuH'| ___ yataH yaha pATha kaskAdi gaNa se sambandha rakhatA hai, ataH yahAM pArAyaNikAH pada se nAmapArAyaNa ke adhyetA iSTa haiN| ___ kAzikAkAra ne pArAyaNikoM ke ukta mata kA bhASya tathA vatti grantha se viruddha hone ke kAraNa pratyAkhyAna kara diyA hai| 15 2-nidAgha zabda kI vyutpatti darzAte hue sAyaNa ne likhA hai 'nidadhyate'neneti kRtvA nidAghazabdaH sAdhuriti pArAyaNikAH iti sudhAkarastadapANinIyam / ' dhAtuvRtti pRSTha 322 / yahAM bhI sudhAkara ke nAma se uddhRta nAmapArAyaNikoM ke mata ko apANinIya kahA hai| 20 3-kSIrasvAmI (vi0 saM0 1115-1165) kSIrasvAmI ne kSIrataraGgiNI aura amarakoza kI vyAkhyA ke Arambha meM samAnarUpa se eka zloka par3hA hai / usakA caturtha caraNa hai'nyAyye vartmani vartanAya bhavatAM SaD vRttayaH klpitaaH|| isa padyAMza meM kSIrasvAmo ne 6 vRttiyAM likhane kA saMketa kiyA 25 hai / ina chaH vRttiyoM meM gaNapATha se sambandha rakhane vAlI do vRttiyAM haiM / eka nipAtAvyayopasargavRtti, dUsarI gnnvRtti| nipAtAvyayopasargavRtti kSIrasvAmI ne isa vRtti meM nipAta, avyaya aura upasargoM ke artha mAdi para vicAra kiyA hai| inakA sambandha gaNapATha ke cAdi

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gaNapATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 167 (1 / 4 / 57), svarAdi (1 / 1 / 37) tathA prAdi (1 / 4 / 58) gaNoM ke sAtha hai| nipAtAvyayopasarga kI vyAkhyA-kSIrasvAmI ke ukta vRtti grantha para tilaka nAma ke kisI vidvAna ne vyAkhyA likhI hai| isa savyAkhyA nipAtopasargavRtti kA eka hastalekha aDiyAra (madrAsa) ke hastalekha 5 saMgraha meM surakSita hai| dra0-vyAkaraNavibhAgIya sUcIpatra, pustaka saMkhyA 487 / isake anta meM nimna pATha hai_ 'iti bhaTTakSIrasvAmyutprekSitanipAtAvyayopasargIye tilakakRtA vRttiH saMpUrNati / bhadraM pazyema pracarema bhadram promiti zivam / . vizeSa dekho pUrva bhAga 2, pRSTha 69-100 / gaNavRtti kSIrasvAmI ne eka gaNavRtti grantha likhA thaa| isameM gaNapATha kI vyAkhyA rahI hogI, yaha isake nAma se hI spaSTa hai| kSIrasvAmI kI gaNavRtti isa samaya anupalabdha hai| isake uddharaNa bhI hameM dekhane ko nahIM mile| __gaNavRtti nAma se uddhRta katipaya uddharaNa sAyaNa ne mAdhavIyA dhAtuvRtti ke nAma-dhAtu-prakaraNa meM gaNavRtti ke nimna uddharaNa likhe haiMka-atra gaNavRttau lohitazyAmaduHkhAni harSagarvasukhAni ca / mUrchA nidrA kRpA dhUmA karuNA nityavarmaNi // pRSTha 417 / / kha-rehaHzabdo rahasi nirgha Natve bhikSAbhilASasya ca nivRttI vartata iti gaNavRttI / pRSTha 416 // ga-gaNavRttau tu bRhacchando na dRzyate bhadrazabdastu ptthyte| tathA ca kandharazabdazca tvaco'bhyantare sthUlatvAbhA asaMyuktA snAyuH kandharA 25 tadvAn kndhrH| matvarthe arzanAdibhyo'c iti vyAkhyAta c| pRSTha 416 // gha-andharo mUo'puSkarazceti gaNavRttau / pRSTha 416 // hu-rehasa roSa iti gaNavRttau / pRSTha 417 // inameM se prathama uddharaNa nAmanirdeza ke vinA siddhAntakaumudI 30

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168 saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa (bhAga 3, pRSTha 526) meM lohitAdiDAjbhyaH kyaS sUtra ke vyAkhyAna meM uddhRta hai| vahAM tRtIya caturtha caraNa kA pATha mUrchAnidrA kRpAdhUmAH karuNA nityacarmaNI hai / sAyaNa dvArA gaNavRtti ke nAma se uddhRta uddharaNa vastutaH vardhamAna viracita gaNaratnamahodadhi ke haiM / usameM 5 uttarArdha kA pATha hai 'mUrcchA nidrAkRpAdhUmAH karuNA jilhyacarmaNI / ' gaNaratnamahodadhi pRSTha 245 / / mAyA dhAtuvRtti kA pATha azuddha hai / nityavarmaNI kA koI artha hI nahIM banatA hai / siddhAntakaumudI kA nityacarmaNI pATha bhI 10 bhraSTa haiM / vahAM jihmacarmaNI pATha hI honA cAhie / sAyaNa kA dUsarA uddharaNa bhI gaNaratnamahodadhi se arthataH uddhRta pratIta hotA hai / gaNaratnamahodadhi kA pATha hai 'hat neNyadharmavRttibhakSAbhilASadharmavRtti vA rahasi vartata ityanye / ' pRSTha 244 // 15 dhAtuvRtti grantha pratyanta azuddha chapA hai / ataH usake mudrita pATha para koI vizvAsa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / i sAyaNa kA jo tosarA uddharaNa hamane uddhRta kiyA hai, usake do bhAga haiM / prathama paThyate paryanta gaNavRtti kA hai, tathA uttara bhAga usakI kisI vyAkhyA kA hai / gaNaratnamahodadhi meM bhRzAdigaNa meM 20 bRhachanda kA pATha nahIM hai / 'bhadra' zabda kA pATha zloka 441 ke pUrvArdha meM upalabdha hotA hai / caturtha uddharaNa kA pATha azuddha hai / gaNaratnamahodadhi meM isakA zuddha pATha isa prakAra hai - ANDaro mUrkho muSkaro vA / pRSTha 244 / paJcama uddharaNa kA bhI gaNaratnamahodadhi meM zuddha pATha isa prakAra 25 hai - rephat sadoSa ityarthaH / pRSTha 245 uparyukta pAThoM ko gaNaratnamahodadhi ke sAtha samatA hone se yahI sambhAvanA hai ki sAyaNa dvArA smRta gaNavRtti vardhamAna sUrikRta gaNaralaMmahodadhi grantha hI hai | sAyaNa ke mudrita pATha sabhI azuddha haiM / gayAkhyAtA nAma se uddhRta uddharaNa 30 mallinAtha ne kirAtArjunIya, zizupAlavadha tathA raghuvaMza pradi meM 'gavyAkhyAna' nAma se kaI uddharaNa uddhRta kiye haiM / yathA

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2122 gaNapATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 166 1-kRtamiti nivAraNaniSeSayoH, iti gnnvyaakhyaane| kirAta0 2 // 17 // 2-sahasetyAkasmikAvimarzayoH, iti gaNavyAkhyAne / kirAta0 2 // 30 // 3-asmItyasmadarthAnuvAde'hamarthe'pi, iti gnnvyaakhyaane| 5 kirAta0 3 / 6 / / 4-pratyutetyuktavaiparotye, iti gaNa vyAkhyAnAt / zizupAla0 1 // 39 // isI prakAra raghuvaMza meM bhI tIna sthAnoM para 'gaNavyAkhyAna' kA ullekha milatA hai| yaha gaNavyAkhyAna vadhamAnakRta gaNaratnamahodadhi 10 hI hai, anya nahIM / ye cAroM uddharaNa kramazaH gaNaratnamahodadhi pRSTha 6, 18, 17 tathA 6 para akSarazaH upalabdha hote haiM / 4-gaNapATha-vivRtti (vi0 saM0 1200) isa grantha kA eka hastalekha kurukSetra vizvavidyAlaya ke pustakAlaya meM vidyamAna hai / yaha zAradA lipi meM likhita hai| isa grantha ke sambandha meM prathama sUcanA zrI paM0 virajAnanda devakaraNi (kanyA gurukula narelA-dillI) ne apane 26-6-1975 ke patra meM dI thii| isI ke AdhAra para isa viSaya meM adhika paricaya pAne ke liye maiMne apane mitra zrI prA. kapiladeva jI zAstrI (kurukSetra vizvavidyAlaya) ko patra likhA thaa| usake uttara meM zAstrI jI ne 20 apane tA0 8-7-1975 ke patra meM gaNapATha-vivRtti ke viSaya meM nimna sUcanA dI thI 'gaNapATha vivRti nAmaka eka hastalekha yahAM hai| DA0 rAmasureza tripAThI (adhyakSa-saMskRta vibhAga, muslima yUnivarsiTI, alIgar3ha) ne devanAgarI tathA zAradA donoM lipiyoM meM isa grantha ke hastalekha prApta 25 kara liye haiN| ve isakA AlocanAtmaka saMskaraNa nikAla rahe haiMaisI sUcanA unhoMne dI thii| yahAM paM0 sthANudatta jI ke suputra zrI pinAkapANi zarmA ne pIeca. DI. ke liye isa 'gaNapATha vivRti tathA gaNaratnamahodadhi ke tulanAtmaka adhyayana' kA prArambha mere nirdeza meM kiyA hai...........| 30

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170 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa gaNapATha vivRti prakAzavarSa kA choTA sA chandobaddha saMgraha mAtra hai| 'vivati' kI anvarthatA ke liye eka do zabda hI vyAkhyA ke rUpa meM kahIM-kahIM milate haiN|" __ mere mitra DA0 rAmasureza jI tripAThI kA kucha varSa pUrva svargavAsa 5 ho gayA hai / isaliye yaha jJAta nahIM ho sakA ki tripAThI jI ke dvArA svasampAdita saMskaraNa prakAzita huA hai vA nhiiN| zrI DA0 kapiladeva zAstrI ke tA. 21-2-84 ke patra se jJAta huA ki paM0 pinAkapANi ne gaNapATha vivRti kA kArya chor3a diyaa| isa grantha ke hastalekha zAradA lipi meM hone se sambhava hai lekhaka 1. prakAzavarSa kazmIra kA rahanevAlA ho| mallinAtha ne prakAzavarSa ko uddhRta kiyA hai| mallinAtha kA kAla saM0 1264 se pUrva hai|' . 5-puruSottamadeva (vi0 saM01200) bhASAvRttikAra puruSottama deva ne koI 'gaNavRtti' grantha likhA thA, aisI sUcanA bhASAvRtti ke sampAdaka zrozacandra cakravartI ne bhUmikA ke 15 pRSTha 1 para dI hai| 6-nArAyaNa nyAyapaJcAnana nArAyaNa nyAyapaJcAnana ne gaNapATha para 'gaNaprakAza' nAma kI eka vyAkhyA likhI thii| isake eka koza kA saMketa esa. ema. ayAcita ne apane 'gaNaNaTha e kriTikala sTaDi' nAmaka nibandha meM diyA hai| isa 20 hastalekha meM a0 4,5 gaNoM kI hI vyAkhyA hai| unake matAnusAra yaha grantha IsA kI 18 vIM zatI ke pUrvAdha kA hai| 7-yajJezvara bhaTTa yajJezvara bhaTTa nAma ke Adhunika vaiyAkaraNa ne pANinIya gaNapATha para gaNaratnAvalI nAma ko vyAkhyA likhI hai / isameM granthakAra ne 25 gaNaratnamahodadhi kA anukaraNa karate hue pahale gaNazabdoM ko zlokabaddha kiyA hai, tatpazcAt unakI vyAkhyA kI hai| paricaya tathA kAla-yajJezvara bhaTTa ne prAryavidyAsudhAkara grantha 1. yathA sarvAdigaNa meM 'tva' evaM 'tvat' ke bheda ko darzAne ke liye usameM 30 'svarArthama' pATha milatA hai| 2. dra0-Age mallinAtha kRta nyAsodyota /

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gaNapATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 171 meM apane pitA kA nAma cimaNA jI' aura guru kA nAma mahAzaMkara likhA hai| yaha dAkSiNAtya taittirIya zAkhAdhyetA brAhmaNa thaa| yajJezvara bhaTTa ne prAyavidyAsudhAkara grantha ko racanA zakAbda 1788 (= vikramAbda 1923) meM kI hai| gaNaratnAvalI kA prArambha vikrama saM0 1930 meM kiyA thA / yaha usane svayaM likhA hai- 5 saMvat zrIvikramAdityakAlAt khatryaGkabhU (1930) mite / pratIte gaNaratnanAmAvalIyaM vinirmitA // pRSTha 36 ( hamArA hastalekha ) / gaNaratnAvalI kI samApti zakAnda 1796 (=vi0 saM0 1930) ASAr3ha mAsa meM huii| isakA nirdeza granthakAra ne svayaM kiyA hai- 10 bhaTTayajJezvarakRto grantho'yaM pUrNatAM gataH / zAke rasAGkamunibhU (1796) mite tapo'bhidhe / / grantha ke anta meN| yajJezvara bhaTTa kI gaNaratnAvalI kA mukhya AdhAra gaNaratnamahodadhi hai, yaha usane svayaM muktakaNTha se svIkAra kiyA hai / vaha grantha ke anta 15 meM likhatA hai asya granthasya nirmANe gaNaratnamahodadhiH / / abhavan mukhyaH sahAyo'nye granthA ityupakArakAH / / - pANinIya sampradAya meM gaNapATha para ekamAtra 'gaNaratnAvalI' grantha hI upalabdha hotA hai / yaha grantha bahuta pUrva zilAkSaroM para chapa cukA 20 hai, samprati ati durlabha hai / hamane isakI upayogitA ko dekha ke Aja se 28 varSa pUrva chAtrovasthA meM isa grantha ko apane liye pratilipi kI thI, aura prakAzanArtha kucha bhAga kI presakApI bhI taiyAra kI thii| 1. cimaNAjItanUjena dAkSiNAtyadvijanmA / prAryavidyAsudhAkara ke anta meN| 2. mahAzaMkarazarmagaM guru natvA vidAMvaram / AryavidyAsudhAkara ke prArambha 25 meM, zloka 7 / 3. dra0--AryavidyAsudhAkara ke anta meM / - 4. yaha saMketa san 1961 kA hai, jaba 'saM0 vyA0 zAstra kA itihAsa' kA dvitIya bhAga prathama vAra chapA thaa| hamArI gaNaratnAvalI kI pratilipi ke anta meM pratilipi kI samApti kA kAla 3-3-1933 likhA hai| yaha pratilipi -tic

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172 saMskRta-vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 1. zlokagaNakAra (vi0 saM0 1400 se pUrva) pANinIya vyAkaraNa granthoM meM zlokagaNapATha tathA zlokagaNakAra ke aneka vacana uddhRta milate haiM / yathA 1-sAyaNa dhAtuvRtti pRSTha 416 para likhatA hai___'atrAmI bhRzAdayo'smAbhiH zlokagaNapAThAnurodhena ptthitaaH|' yahAM zlokagaNapATha zabda se gaNaratnamahodadhi antargata zlokabaddha gaNapATha abhipreta hai athavA anya, yaha kahanA kaThina hai| kyoMki isa prakaraNa meM gaNavRttau ke nAma se uddhRta samasta pATha gaNaratnamahodadhi ke haiM, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiM 2-sAyaNa punaH pRSTha 418 para likhatA hai- . atra zlokagaNakAraHsukhaduHkhagahanakRcchAdhupakapratIpakaruNAzca / kRpaNaH soDha itIme tRpAdayo dazagaNe paThitAH // iti / nAgezabhaTTa viracita laghu aura bRhat zabdenduzekharoM meM 'tRpAdayaH' 15 ke sthAna meM sukhAdayaH pATha hai| yahAM para sAyaNa zlokagaNakAra kA ukta zloka uddhRta karake likhatA hai 'pratra gaNaratnamahodadhau prAsyazabdo'pi paThyate, yavAha prAsyamevAsyam iti / tRpraduHkham, soDhaM sahanam abhibhavo vA' isa sthala para zlokagaNakAra se gaNaratnamahodadhikAra kA matabheda darzAne se spaSTa hai ki yahAM zlokagaNakAra vardhamAna nahIM hai| pRSTha 417 para sAyaNa gaNaratnamahodadhi ke lohitazyAma Adi zlokamaNa ko gaNavRtti ke nAma se uddhRta karatA hai| isase bhI isI bAta kI puSTi hotI hai ki gaNavRtti ke nAma se uddhRta uddharaNa vardhamAna ke " hamane kAzI meM adhyayana karate hue 'saMskRta mahAvidyAlaya (vartamAna saM0 vi0 vi0) ke sarasvatI bhavana nAmaka pustakAlaya meM lItho presa para chapI pustaka se kI thii|

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gaNapATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 173 gaNaratnamahodadhi ke haiM, aura zlokagaNapATha athavA zlokagaNakAra ke nAma se uddhRta uddharaNa kisI anya vaiyAkaraNa ke haiN| 2. gaNapAThakArikAkAra madrAsa vizvavidyAlaya ke antargata hastalekha saMgraha ke sUcIpatra bhAga 5, khaNDa 1 B. pRSTha 6421, pustaka saMkhyA 437 B. para gaNa- 5 pAThakArikA grantha kA eka hastalekha nirdiSTa hai / isake kartA kA nAma ajJAta hai| yaha kArikA grantha pANinIya dhAtupATha para hai| hastalekha apUrNa hai| gaNakArikAvyAkhyAtA-rAptikara rAsikara nAma ke kisI zaivAcArya ne gaNakArikA nAma ke grantha 10 para eka bhASya likhA thaa| isakA ullekha jarnala Apha dI Andhra hisTorikala risarca sosAiTI bhAga 13, khaNDa 3, 4 pRSTha 176 para milatA hai| gaNakArikA ke kartA Adi kA nAma ajJAta hai| 3. gaNa-saMgrahakAra-govardhana aSTAdhyAyI ke pratyeka gaNanirdezaka Adi padasaMbaddha sUtra ke lie 15 isa grantha meM kucha zabdoM kA saMgraha kara diyA hai, cAhe ve gaNapATha se saMbaddha hoM athavA na hoN| vyavasthita (paThita) gaNoM meM kahIM-kahIM vatakaraNa bhI kiyA hai| isakA saMgrAhaka koI govardhananAmA vaiyAkaraNa hai| isa grantha kA eka adhUrA hastalekha kAzI ke sarasvatI bhavana meM hamane dekhA thaa| 4. gaNapAThakAra-rAmakRSNa kAzI ke sarasvatI bhavana ke hastalekhasaMgraha meM gaNapATha kA eka . hastalekha aura hai / usake anta meM nimna pATha hai iti zrIgaNapAThe shriigovrdhndiikssitsuunuraamkRssnnvircito'ssttmo'dhyaayH| isa lekha se pratIta hotA hai ki isa gaNapATha kA saMgrAhaka koI rAmakRSNanAmA vaiyAkaraNa thaa| isake pitA kA nAma govardhana dIkSita thA / pUrvanirdiSTa govardhana aura yaha govardhana donoM eka haiM athavA bhinnabhinna vyakti, yaha ajJAta hai| isakA eka hastalekha bhaNDArakara prAcyavidyA pratiSThAna meM bhI hai| dra0-vyAkaraNa vibhAgIya sUcIpatra san 20 1938 saM0 253 (326/1881-82) /

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174 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 5. gaNapATha zloka yaha grantha pANinIya gaNapATha viSayaka hai| isakA paJcamAdhyAya paryanta eka apUrNa hastalekha bhaNDArakara prAcyavidyA pratiSThAna meM vidyamAna hai| dra0-sUcIpatra san 1938, saMkhyA 256/780/18651602 / granthakAra kA nAma ajJAta hai| pANinIya gaNapATha se saMbaddha jitane granthakAroM kA hameM jJAna hai, unakA varNana karake pANini se auttarakAlika gaNapAThapravaktAoM kA varNana karate haiN| 10 6-kAtantrakAra (saM0 2000 vi0 pUrva) kAtantra vyAkaraNa ke pravaktA ne svatantra saMbaddha gaNapATha kA bhI pravacana kiyA thaa| kAtantra gaNapATha ke jo hastalekha milate haiM, unameM kAtantra vyAkaraNa ke prAyaH sabhI gaNoM kA ullekha hai| kAtantra vyAkaraNa ke tIna bhAga haiM1-AkhyAtAnta mUla granthakAra dvArA prokta 2-kRdanta bhAga vararuci kAtyAyana kRta 3-chandaHprakriyA pariziSTakAra ina tInoM gaNoM kI sUcI isa prakArapAkhyAtAnta bhAga meM1-sarvAdi (2 / 1 / 25) 12-nadAdi (2 / 4 / 50) 2-pUrvAdi (2 / 1 / 28) 13--pUraNAdi (2 / 5 / 18) 3--svasrAdi (2 / 1 / 69) 14- kuJAdi (2 / 6 / 3) 4--anyAdi (2 / 1 / 8) 15--atryAdi (206 / 4) 5-tyadAdi (2 / 3 / 29) 16-bahvAdi (2066) 6-yujAdi (2 // 3 // 46) 17-gavAdi (2 / 6 / 11) 7-dRgAdi (2 / 3 / 48) 18- krayAdi (2 / 6 / 24) 8-muhAdi (2 / 3 / 46) 19--sadyAdi (206 / 37) 20-rAjAdi (2 / 6 / 41) 10--yaskAdi 21--dhenvanaDuhAdi (20641-65) 11-vidAdi 8--gargAdi

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gaNapATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAta 175 vizeSa-kAtantra ke sarvAdi gaNa meM 'kim' zabda kA pATha 'eka dvi' se pUrva kiyA hai| ataH advayAdeH sarvanAmnaH (3 / 2 / 24) sUtra meM pANini ke samAna 'kim' ke pATha kI AvazyakatA nahIM rhii|' kRdanta bhAga meM1-pacAdi (4 / 2 / 48) 5-bhidAdi (41582) 5 2-nandyAdi (4 / 2 / 46) 6-bhImAdi (4 / 6 / 51) 3-grahAdi (4 / 2 / 50) / 7-nyaGa kvAdi (4 / 6 / 57) 4-gamyAdi (4 / 4 / 68) chandaHprakriyA meM-- 1-kevalAdi kevalamAmaka Adi sUtra ke lie 10 2-kavAdi kadrukamaNDalvozchandasi sUtra ke lie 3-chandogAdi chandogaukthika Adi sUtra ke lie 4-somAdi somAzvendriya prAdi sUtra ke lie ina upari nirdiSTa gaNoM meM se mUla kAtantra antargatagaNoM ko kAtantra ke saMkSepakAra zarvavarmA ne vyavasthita kiyA hogaa| kyoMki 15 vinA gaNapATha kI vyavasthA ke 'Adi' pada mAtra ke nirdeza se sUtroM meM sarvAdi gargAdi kA nirdeza nahIM ho sktaa| isI prakAra kRtprakaraNa ke gaNoM kA kRta sUtrakAra kAtyAyana vararuci ne tathA chandaHprakriyAntargata gaNoM kA chandaH pariziSTakAra ne vyavasthita kiyA hogaa| kAtantra vyAkaraNa ke sambandha meM isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM 10 vistAra se likha cuke haiN| kAtantra vyAkaraNa ke gaNapATha para kisI vaiyAkaraNa ne koI vyAkhyA likhI athavA nahIM, isa viSaya meM hameM kucha bhI jJAna nahIM hai| 1. draSTavya-'kiMsarvanAmabahubhyo'dvayAdibhyaH' (5 // 3 // 2) pANinIya sUtra para nyAsakAra ne likhA hai- 'sarvanAmatvaM kima: sarvAdiSu pAThAt / kimo grahaNa- 25 mityAdi / kiMzabdo'yaM dvayAdiSu paThyate iti, tasya advayAdibhya iti paryudAsaH kriyate / tasmAt sarvanAmno'pi svazabdenopAdAnam / yadyevaM dvizabdAta pUrva kiMzabdaH paThitavyaH / evaM hi tasya pRthaggrahaNaM kartavyameva bhvti| stysetv............|' nyAsa bhAga 2, pRSTha 106 /

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa- zAstra kA itihAsa 7. candragomI (saM0 1000 vi0 pUrva ) AcArya candragomI ne svazabdAnuzAsana se sabaddha gaNapATha kA bhI pravacana kiyA thA / candragomI tathA usake vyAkaraNa ke sambandha meM hama isa grantha ke prathamabhAga meM vistAra se likha cuke haiM / 5 candragomI kA gaNapATha usakI svopajJa vRtti meM upalabdha hotA hai / candra gaNapATha kI viziSTatA candragomI ne gaNapATha ke pravacana meM pANini kA anusaraNa hI nahIM kiyA apitu usane apane pravacana meM pANini zraura pANini se pUrvavartI tathA uttaravartI upalabdha sabhI sAmagrI kA upayoga kiyA hai / 10 ataH usake gaNapATha meM pANini se kucha viziSTa bhinnatAeM haiM / yathA 176 1 - kAtyAyana Adi vArtikakAroM dvArA nirdiSTa zabdoM ko bhI gaNakA rUpa de diyA hai / yathA ka - vyAsAdi ( 2/4/21 ) 15 gaM - kSIraputrAdi ( 3 / 1 / 24) Ga - svargAdi (4|1|133) cha - jyotsnAdi (4 / 2 / 107 ) kha - kambojAdi ( 24 / 104 ) gha - devAsurAdi ( 4|1|133 ) ca - puNyAhavAcanAdi (4|1 | 134 ) ja - navayajJAdi (4/2/124 ) 2- kaI sthAnoM meM pANinIya sUtroM aura vArtikoM ko milAkara nae gaNa banAye haiM / yathA 20 ka - USAdi (4 / 2 / 127) gaNa pANini ke USazuSimuSkamadho raH ( 5 / 2 / 107 ) sUtra tathA raprakaraNe khamukhakujebhya upasaMkhyAnam ( 5 / 2 / 107) vArtika ko milAkara banAyA / 0 kha - kRSyAdi (4/2/116) gaNa pANini ke rajaH kRSyAsuti (2112 ) ityAdi, dantazikhAt saMjJAyAm (520113) sUtroM 25 tathA valacaprakaraNe'nyebhyo'pi dRzyate ( 52 112) vArtika ko milAkara banAyA / ga - kezAdi ( 4 |2| 116) gaNa pANini ke kezAdvo'nyatarasyAm (21106) sUtra tathA vaprakaraNe amyebhyo'pi dRzyate ( 5 / 2 / 109 ) Adi vArtika ko milAkara banAyA /

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5 2/23 gaNapATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 177 isI prakAra kucha anya gaNa bhI sUtra aura vArtikoM ke yoga se bnaae| 3-kucha nae gaNa banAe / yathAka-RtvAdi (4 / 1 / 124) kha-himAdi (4 / 2 / 136) ga-veNukAdi (3 / 2 / 61) kaI vidvAnoM kA kathana hai ki candragomI ke veNukAdi gaNa (3 / 2 / 61) ke AdhAra para hI kAzikAkAra ne gahAdi gaNa meM veNukAdibhyazchaN (4 / 2 / 138) gaNamUtra par3hA hai| dra0-S.S.G.P.38 / 4-AcArya candra ne lAghavArtha pANini ke kaI gaNoM ko milAkara eka gaNa banA diyaa| yathA 10 ka-sindhvAdi (3 / 3 / 61) meM pANini ke sindhvAdi aura takSazilAdi (dra0--aSTA0 4 / 3 / 63) gaNoM ko milA diyaa| kha-kathAdi (3 / 4 / 104) meM pANini ke kathAdi aura guDAvi (dra0-aSTA0 4 / 4 / 102,103) gaNoM ko eka kara diyaa| . ___ hamAre vicAra meM candrAcArya kA isa prakAra gaNoM kA ekIkaraNa 15 karake lAghava kA prayatna karanA sarvathA cintya hai| pANini ne ina gaNoM ko pRthak isalie par3hA thA ki inase niSpanna zabdoM meM svarabheda hone se use svara ke anurodha se pRthak-pRthak aN-aJ aura Thaka-Thatra Adi pratyaya par3hane par3e / aneka vyAkaraNatattvaparijJAnarahita lekhaka : pANini se uttaravartI vaiyAkaraNoM dvArA svara kI upekSA karane kI gaI 20 lAghavatA ko anAvazyaka rUpa meM usakI sUkSmaH manISA kA camatkAra mAnate. athavA kahate haiN| hameM aise vyaktiyoM kI manISA para hI hasI mAtI hai ki kahAM pANini Adi prAcIna AcAryoM kI sUkSma manISA, jinhoMne svara jaise sUkSma bheda kA parijJAna bhI bar3e kauzala aura lAdhava ke sAtha darzAyA', aura kahAM uttaravartI vaiyAkaraNoM kI sthUla 25 badi, jinhoMne tathA-kathita lAghava karake zabdoM ke sUkSma bheda ko hI naSTa kara diyaa| prAcArya candra kI isa kRti para to hameM pratyAzcarya 11. isI dRSTi se kAzikAkAra ne 4 / 2 / 74 meM 'svare vishessH| mahatI sUkSmekSikA vartate sUtrakArasya' jaise stuti zabdoM kA muktakaNTha se prayoga kiyaa|

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175 . saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ypaadi| hai kyoMki usane svara-bheda kI rakSA karate hue aura svara-prakaraNa kA nirdeza karate hue bhI yahAM para svara-bheda kI upekSA kyoM kI? ho sakatA hai ki usane ekIkRta gaNoM ke zabdoM ke svara-bheda ke nidarzanArtha svagrantha meM svara-prakriyA meM vizeSa nirdeza kiyA ho| cAndra vyAkaraNastha 5 svara prakriyAMza ke samprati anupalabdha hone se hama kucha bhI nirNaya karane meM asamartha haiN| 5-pANini ke kaI gaNa chor3a die| yathAzauNDAdi (2 // 1 // 40) se rAjadantAdi (2 / 2 / 31) paryanta ke gnn| palAzAdi (4 / 3 / 141), rasAdi (5 / 2 / 95) tathA devapathAdi 10 (5 / 3 / 100) gnn| 6-candrAcArya ne lAghavArtha pANini ke kaI gaNoM ke adhikAkSara Adi pada ko haTAkara gaNa ke prArambha meM laghu pada rakhA, arthAt lAghavArtha nAma parivartana kiyA / yathAka-apUSAdi (pA. 2114) ko / yUpAdi (cAndra 4 / 1 / 3) rUpa meN| kha-indrajananAdi (pA0 4 / 3 / 86) ko zizukrandAdi (cAndra 4 / 1 / 3) rUpa meN| ga-anupravacanAdi (pA0 5 / 11111) ko utthApanAdi. (4 / 1 / 132) rUpa meN| 20 gha--kiMzulakAdi (paa06|3|116) ko aJjanAdi , (cAndra 22 // 132) rUpa meN| aisA lAghava cAndra gaNapATha meM bahutra upalabdha hotA hai| 7-pANini ke kaI gaNoM kA pariSkAra kiyA |ythaa-ardhrcaadignn / isa gaNa ke viSaya meM cAndra vyAkaraNa 2 / 2 / 83 kI TokA bho 65 draSTavya hai| 8-pANini ke kaI vyavasthita (paThita). gaNoM ko prAkRtigapa banAyA / yathA- zarAdi / isa viSaya meM cAndra vyAkaraNa 5 // 2 // 134 kI vRtti draSTavya hai| 1. cAndra vyAkaraNa meM svaraprakaraNa bhI thA, dra0-saM0 vyA0 .zAstra kA 0 itihAsa bhAga 1, cAndra vyAkaraNa prakaraNa /

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gaNapATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 179 AcArya candragomI se uttaravartI aneka AcAryoM ne candra ke sUtrapATha, dhAtupATha, gaNapATha Adi kA anukaraNa kiyA, parantu unhoMne usake nAma kA nirdeza bhI nahIM kiyaa| kahAM prAcArya pANini kA apane se pUrvavartI aneka prAcAryoM kA sammAnArtha nAmasmaraNa karanA aura kahAM arvAcIna AcoryoM kA ahaMkAravaza kisI pUrvavartI AcArya ke nAma kA nirdeza na karanA / yaha hai ArSa aura anArSa granthoM ke svarUpa kI bhinntaa| bhalA aise ahaMkArI kRtaghna granthakAroM ke granthoM ke adhyayana se kabhI kisI zAstra ke tattva kA bodha ho sakatA hai ? kyA aise grantha ke par3hanevAle sukumAra-mati chAtroM kI buddhi para isa kRtaghnatA kA kuprabhAva na hogA? ___ svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI kI cetAvanI--usa yuga meM jaba ki cAroM ora anArSa granthoM ke paThana-pAThana kA hI bolabAlA thA, sabase pUrva mahAmanasvI svAmI virajAnanda sarasvatI kI vimala medhA meM anArSa granthoM ke adhyayana-adhyApana se hone vAlI hAniyoM ko upajJA huii| unase ArSa-jyoti pAkara isa yuga ke pravartaka, kAntadarzI azeSazemuSIsampanna svAmI dayAnanda ne spaSTa ghoSaNA kI 'jitanA bodha ina (aSTAdhyAyI-mahAbhASya) ke par3hane se tIna varSoM meM hotA hai', utanA bodha kugrantha arthAt sArasvata candrikA, kaumudI, 1. svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ke ukta mata kI bahudhA parIkSA kara lI gaI hai| prAcAryavara zrI paM0 brahmadatta jI jijJAsu tathA zrI paM0 zaMkaradeva jI tathA .. unakI ziSya-paramparA meM sampUrNa mahAbhASya paryanta vyAkaraNazAstra kA adhyApana prAyaH 5 varSa meM samApta ho jAtA hai| aura chAtra kaumudI zekhara prabhRti granthoM ke mAdhyama se 12 varSa paryanta adhyayana karane vAle vyAkaraNAcAryoM kI apekSA kahIM adhika vidvAna ho jAte haiN| do-eka ati kuzAgramati parizramI chAtroM ne to tIna varSa meM hI mahAbhASyAnta vyAkaraNa kA adhyayana samApta kara liyaa| praSTAdhyAyI ke krama se paThana-pAThana kA prayoga to AryasamAja ke kSetra meM aneka sthAnoM para ho rahA hai, parantu isa krama se vAstavika rIti se paThana-pAThana (jisase chAtra vastutaH alpa kAla meM hI acche vaiyAkaraNa bana sakeM) kevala zrI paM. brahmadatta jI jijJAsu, zrI paM0 zaMkaradevajI tathA unakI ziSyaparamparA taka hI sImita hai|

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180 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa manoramAdi ke par3hane se pacAsa varSoM meM bhI nahIM ho sktaa| kyoMki mahAzaya maharSi logoM ne sahajatA se mahAna viSaya apane granthoM meM prakAzita kiyA hai, vaisA ina kSadrAzaya manuSyoM ke kalpita granthoM meM kyoMkara ho sakatA hai ? maharSi logoM kA Azaya, jahAM taka ho sake vahAM taka sugama aura jisake grahaNa meM thor3A samaya lage, isa prakAra kA hotA hai| aura kSadrAzaya logoM kI manasA aisI hotI hai ki jahAM taka bane vahA~ taka kaThina racanA karanI, jisako bar3e parizrama se paDhake alpa lAbha uThA sake, jaise pahAr3a kA khodanA, kaur3I kA lAbha honA aura ArSa granthoM kA par3hanA aisA hai ki eka gotA lagAnA, bahumUlya motiyoM kA paanaa|' satyArthaprakAza samu0 3, ptthnpaatthnvidhi| . satyArthaprakAza prathama saMskaraNa ke caudahaveM samullAsa' ke anta meM svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ne jo eka vijJApana likhA thA, usameM anArSa kSadrAzaya logoM ke likhe granthoM ke viSaya meM yahAM taka likhA 15 'jina granthoM ko dUra chor3ane ko kahA ki inako na par3heM, na par3hAveM, na inako dekheN| kyoMki inako dekhane se vA sunane se manuSya kI buddhi bigar3a jAtI hai| isase ina granthoM ko saMsAra meM rahane bhI na deM, to bahuta upakAra hoy'| 1. svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ne saM0 1932 (san 1875) meM satyArtha2. prakAza kA jo prathama saMskaraNa chapavAyA thA, usake lie likhe to caudaha samu llAsa hI the, parantu kinhIM kAraNoM se anta ke do samullAsa usa samaya na chA sake the / isa Adya satyArthaprakAza kI hastalikhita prati satyArthaprakAza grantha ke likhavAne aura chapavAne vAle rAjA jayakRSNadAsa ke ghara murAdAbAda meM adyayAvat surakSita hai / kucha varSa huai zrImatI paropakAriNI sabhA majamera ne isa istalekha 25 ko mahAn yatna se prApta karake isakI phoTo kApI karA kara usane apane pAsa bhI surakSita karalI hai| dra0-RSi dayAnanda sarasvatI ke granthoM kA itihAsa, pRSTha 22-25 / 2. satyArthaprakAza ke tRtIya samullAsAntargata paThanapAThana-vidhi meN| 3. RSi dayAnanda ke patra aura vijJApana bhAga 1, pRSTha 37 (tR0 sN0)| 30 ukta vijJApana sa0 pra0 kI hastalikhita prati ke pRSTha 485-465 taka upalabdha hotA hai|

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gaNapATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 181 saMsAra ke kalyANa ke icchuka satyaniSTha vidvAnoM ko svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ke ukta mata ke grahaNa aura ayukta mata ko chor3ane kA prayatna karanA cAhie / ityalaM prasaktAnuprasaktena / 8. kSapaNaka (vi0 prathamazatI) kSapaNaka vyAkaraNa ke viSaya meM hama isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM 5 likha cuke haiN|. . kSapaNaka ke uNAdisUtra ke iti pada se saMbaddha eka uddharaNa ujjvaladatta ne apanI uNAdisUtravRtti meM uddhRta kiyA hai' 'kSapaNakavRttau atra 'iti' zabda prAdyarthe vyAkhyAtaH' / pRSTha 60 / isa uddharaNa se na kevala kSapaNaka prokta uNAdisUtroM kI sattA kA .10 hI jJAna hotA hai, apitu usakI svopajJa uNAdivRtti kA bhI paricaya milatA hai / kSapaNaka-prokta dhAtupATha ke viSaya meM hama dhAtupATha ke prakaraNa meM (bhAga 2, pRSTha 126) likha cuke haiN| ataH jisa vaiyAkaraNa ne apane zabdAnuzAsana, usake dhAtupATha aura uNAdi-sUtra tathA usakI vatti kA pravacana kiyA ho, usane apane zabdAnuzAsana 15 se sambaddha gaNapATha kA pravacana na kiyA ho, yaha kathamapi buddhigrAhya nahIM ho sktaa| ataH kSapaNakaprokta gaNapATha ke viSaya meM sAkSAt nirdeza upalabdha na hone para bhI usakI sattA avazya svIkAra karanI par3atI hai| 20 hai-devanandI (saM0 500 vi0 se pUrva) - AcArya devanandI apara nAma pUjyapAda ke zabdAnuzAsana kA varNana isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM vistAra se kara cuke haiN| pUjyapAda ne svatantra-saMbaddha gaNapATha kA bhI pravacana kiyA thaa| yaha gaNapATha abhayanandI-viracita mahAvRtti meM saMpraviSTa upalabdha hotA hai| jainendra gaNapATha meM nimna vibhinnatAeM haiM 1. jainendra gaNapATha ke aneka pATha vardhamAna ne abhayanandI ke nAma se

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182 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-sAstra kA itihAsa 1-aneka sthAnoM para pUrva prAcAryaprokta gaNasUtroM ko gaNapATha meM sthAna na dekara svatantra sUtra rUpa meM pratiSThita krnaa| 2-katipaya vibhinna gaNoM kA ekiikrnn| yathA-picchAdi aura tundAdi kA / dra0-mahAvRtti 4 / 1143 // 3-prAkRtigaNa meM prayogAnusAra katipaya zabdoM kI vRddhi| 4-kAzikA tathA cAndravRtti donoM ke bhinna-bhinna pAThoM kA saMgraha / yathA-kurvAdigaNa meM kAzikA kA pATha prabhra hai, cAndravatti kA zubhra / jainendra meM donoM kA pATha upalabdha hotA hai| dra0-- mahAvRtti 3 / 1 / 138 // 5-prAyaH sarvatra tAlavya za ko dantya sa ke rUpa meM par3hA hai / ythaa|| zaMkulAda ko saMkulAda. (dra0-mahAvRtti 3 / 2 / 63), sarvakeza ko sarvakesa (dra0-mahAvRtti 3 / 3 / 66) / ina vibhinnatAoM ke atirikta isa gaNapATha meM koI maulika vaiziSTaya nahIM hai| gaNapATha kI kisI vyAkhyA kA bhI hameM koI jJAna 15 nahIM hai| guNanandI guNanandI ne jainedra vyAkaraNa kA pariSkAra kiyA thaa| isa kA svatantra nAma zabdArNava hai / isakA varNana prathama bhAga meM jainendra vyAkaraNa ke prasaGga meM kara cuke haiM / guNanandI ne AcArya pUjyapAda ke gaNapATha 20 ko usI rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA thA, athavA usameM bhI kucha pariSkAra kiyA thA, yaha zabdArNava vyAkaraNa saMbaddha gaNapATha ke anupalabdha hone se ajJAta hai| hamArA anumAna hai ki jaise guNanandI ne jainendra dhAtupATha kA kucha-kucha pariSkAra kiyA, usI prakAra gaNapATha kA bhI pariSkAra avazya kiyA hogaa| ra udadhRta kie haiM / yathA-'gobhilacakravAkAzokacchagala kUzIrakayamalamakha manmathazabdAn abhayanandI gaNe'smin dadarza / ' gaNaratnamahodadhi, pRSTha 172 / isa prakAra ke pAThoM se yaha bhrama nahIM honA cAhie ki jainendra gaNapATha kA abhayanandI ne pravacana kiyA thaa| abhayanandI to kAzikAkAravat apanI vRtti meM gaNapATha kA saMgraha karane vAlA hai|

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gaNapATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 183 10-vAmana (saM0 350-600 vi0 pUrva) dhAmanakRta vizrAntavidyAdhara vyAkaraNa kA varNana isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM kara cuke haiM / vAmana ne svazabdAnuzAsana se saMbaddha gaNapATha kA bhI pravacana kiyA thaa| vAmanaprokta gaNapATha kA nirdeza vardhamAna ne gaNaratnamahodadhi meM bahutra kiyA hai| vAmana ke gaNapATha meM aneka bhinnatAeM haiN| kucha eka isa prakAra 1-naye gaNoM kA saMgraha-vAmana ne apane gaNapATha meM kaI naye gaNoM kA saMgraha kiyA hai / yathA-kedArAdi / vardhamAna likhatA hai'kedArAdau rAjarAjanyavatsA uSTrorabhrau vRddhayukto mnussyH| 10 ukSA jJeyo rAjaputrastatheha kedArAdau vAmanAcAryadRSTe // ' gaNaratnamahAdadhi zloka 258 / isa zloka ke caturtha caraNa meM spaSTa kahA hai ki kedArodi gaNa vAmana-dRSTa hai| 2-pAThabheda se gaNoM ke nAmakaraNa ko bhinnatA-vAmana ke kaI 15 eka gaNa aise haiM jo pUrvAcAryoM ke samAna hote hue bhI prathama zabda ke pAThabheda ke kAraNa nAmabheda hone se bhinnagaNavat pratIta hote haiM / yathA pANini ke zaNDikAdi (pA0 4 / 3 / 32) kA vAmana ke mata meM zuNDikAdi nAma hai / varSamAna likhatA hai___ 'zuNDikA grAmo'bhijano'sya zauNDikyaH / ayaM vAmanamatAbhiprAyaH pANinyAdayastu zaNDikasya grAmajanapadavAcina: zANDikya ityudAharanti / gaNaratnamahodadhi, pRSTha 204 / vAmana ke gaNapATha ke viSaya meM hama utanA hI jAnate haiM, jitanA vardhamAnaH ke gaNaratnamahodadhi meM uddhRta uddharaNoM se jAnA jA 25 sakatA hai| 11-pAlyakIrti (vi0 saM0 871-924) prAcArya pAlyakIti ne samprati zAkaTAyana nAma se prasiddha zabdA

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154 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa nuzAsana kA pravacana kiyA thA / pAlyakIti ke samaya aura usake zabdAnuzAsana ke viSaya meM hama isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM vistAra se likha cuke haiN| zAkaTAyana nAma kA kAraNa -AcArya pAlyakIrti ke lie 5 zAkaTAyana zakaTAGgaja zakaTaputra Adi zabdoM kA bhI vibhinna granthoM meM prayoga dekhA jAtA hai| isake kAraNa kI vivecanA bhI prathama bhAga meM 'vaMza tathA zAkaTAyana nAma kA hetu' sandarbha meM kara cake haiN| gaNapATha=pAlyakIrti ne sva-tantra saMbaddha gaNapATha kA bhI pravacana kiyA thaa| usakA sanniveza amoghAvRtti meM milatA hai| yaha svatantra 10 rUpa se bhI laghavatti ke anta meM chapA hai / isa gaNapATha meM purAne gaNapAThoM se aneka bhinnatAeM upalabdha hotI haiN| yathA 1-nAmakaraNa kI laghutA-pAlyakIrti ne aneka gaNoM ke purAne bar3e nAmoM ke sthAna meM laghu nAmoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai / yathA (ka) prAhitAgnyAdi ke sthAna meM bhAryoDhAdi (2 / 1 / 115) / (kha) lohitAdi , , nidrAdi (4 / 1 / 27) / (ga) azvapatyAdi , , , dhanAdi (2 / 4 / 174) / (gha) sandhivelAdi , , , sandhyAdi (3 / 1 / 176) / (Ga) RgayanAdi , , , zikSAvi (3 / 1 / 136) / ityAdi AcArya hemacandra ne gaNanirdeza meM zAkaTAyana kA anusaraNa kiyA 20 hai / kevala pANinIya pakSAdi ke sthAna para pAlyakIti dvArA nirdiSTa pathyAdi (2 / 4 / 20) ke sthAna para panthyAdi (6 / 2 / 86) kA parivartana upalabdha hotA hai| 2-gaNoM kA nyUnIkaraNa-jina pANinIya gaNoM meM do cAra hI zabda the, unheM pAlyakIti ne sUtra meM par3hakara gaNapATha se haTA diyaa| 3-naye gaNoM kA nirmANa-pANini ne jina sUtroM meM aneka pada haiM, unheM sUtra se haTAkara naye gaNoM ke rUpa meM parivartita kara diyaa| yathA (ka) devamanuSyapuruSapurumaryebhyaH (5 / 4 / 56) ke sthAna meM devAdigaNa (3 / 4 / 63) / 25

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2/24 gaNapATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 185 (kha) dvitIyAzritAtIta ( 21 / 24 ) ityAdi ke sthAna meM zritAdigaNa (2 / 3 / 33) / samAnasya chandasya0 (6 / 3 / 84) ke yogavibhAga se siddha honevAle sapakSa sadharma tathA jyotirjanapada (6 / 3 / 85) Adi ke lie dharmAdi gaNa (2 / 2 / 116) / pAlyakIti ne kaI sthAnoM para sarvathA aise nae gaNoM kA bhI prayoga kiyA hai, jo pANinIya zAstra meM gaNa rUpa se nirdiSTa nahIM haiN| yathA (ka) pANini ke tena proktam (4 / 3 / 101) sUtra se yathAvihita pratyaya hokara siddha honevAle maudAH paippalAdAH Adi prayogoM ke lie 10 pAlyakIti ne modAdibhyaH (3 / 1 / 170) sUtra meM modAdi gaNa kA nirdeza kiyA hai| (kha) pANini ke samAsAcca tadviSayAt (5 / 3 / 106) sUtra se siddha honevAle kAkatAlIya ajAkRpANIya prayogoM ke lie kAkatAlIyAdayaH (3 / 3 / 42) sUtra meM kAkatAlIyAdi gaNa kA pATha kiyA hai| 15 4-sandehanivAraNa-pANini ne tantra meM jahAM eka nAmavAle do gaNa the, unameM sandeha kI nivRti ke lie vibhinna nAmoM kA upayoga kiyA hai / yathA pANini ne 4 / 2 / 80 meM do kumudAdi gaNa par3he haiN| pAlyakoti ne pahale kumudAdi ko kumudAdi hI rakhA, aura dvitIya kumudAdi ko 20 azvatthAdi nAma se smaraNa kiyA hai (draSTavya-sUtra 2 / 4 / 102) / 5--gaNoM kA ekIkaraNa--pAlyakIti ne pANini ke aneka gaNoM ko paraspara milAkara lAghava karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| yathA-- . (ka) pANini ke bhikSAdi (4 / 2 / 38) aura khaNDikAdi (4 / 2 / 45) ko pAlyakIti ne milAkara eka bhikSAdi gaNa (2 / 4 / 128) 21 hI svIkAra kiyA hai| (kha) pANini ke kathAdi (4 / 4 / 102) aura guDAdi (4 / 4 / 103) do gaNoM ko bhI pAlyakIrti ne kathAdi (3 / 2 / 202) ke rUpa meM eka banA diyA hai|

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186 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa (ga) pANini ke brAhmaNAdi ( 5 / 1 / 124 ) aura purohitAdi (5 / 1 / 128) donoM gaNoM kA pAlyakIti ne brAhmaNAdi (3 / 3.10) meM antarbhAva kara diyA hai| isI prakAra anyatra bhI yaha ekIkaraNa dekhA jAtA hai / gaNoM ke ekIkaraNa se hAni-pAlyakIti Adi ne pANini ke vibhinna gaNoM kA lAghava kI dRSTi se jahAM-jahAM ekIkaraNa kiyA hai, vahAM sarvatra eka mahAn doSa upasthita ho jAtA hai| pANini Adi purAne prAcAryoM ne zabdoM ke svara-bheda ke parijJApana ke lie jo mahAn prayatna kiyA thA, vaha uttaravartI prAcAryoM ke lAghava ke nAma para kie gae aise prayatnoM se sadA ke lie vilupta ho gyaa| 6-gaNasUtroM kA gaNapATha se pRthakkaraNa-pANini Adi ne gaNapATha meM jo aneka gaNasUtra par3he the, unheM pAlyakIrti ne gaNapATha se nikAlakara zabdAnuzAsana meM svatantra sUtra rUpa meM par3hA hai / yathA (ka) pANini ke sthalAdi gaNa (5 / 4 / 3) meM paThita kRSNa tileSu, 15 yava vrIhiSu Adi gaNasUtroM ko pAlyakItti ne kRSNayavajIrNa (3 / 3 / 181) Adi svatantra sUtra kA rUpa de diyA haiN| (kha) pANini ke prajJAdi gaNa (5438) meM paThita kRSNa mRge, zrotra zArIre gaNasUtroM ko pAlyakIrti ne pANini ke proSadherajAto (5 / 3 / 37) sUtra ke sAtha milAkara kRSNauSadhizrotrAnmRgabheSajazarIre 20 (3 / 4 / 133) ke rUpa meM par3hA hai| 7-cAndra nAmoM kA parivartana-pAlyakIti ne gaNanAmoM meM cAndra zabdAnuzAsana kA anukaraNa karate hue bhI kaI sthAnoM para cAndra nAmoM kA parityAga karake nae gaNanAma die haiM / yathA ka-candrAcArya ke himAdibhyaH ( 4 / 2 / 136 ) sUtra meM nirdiSTa 25 himAdi gaNa kA nAma pAlyakIrti ne guNAdi (3 / 3 / 158) rakhA hai| kha-candrAcArya dvArA nirdhArita kalApyAdi gaNa ( 5 / 3 / 140 ) kA nAma pAlyakIrti ne maudAdi (3 / 1 / 70) rakhA hai| pAlyakIti prokta gaNapATha usa kI svopajJa amoghA vRtti meM par3hA hai| yaha yakSmavarma viracita cintAmaNi aparanAma lagha-vatti ke anta meM 30 bhI chapA huA milatA hai|

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gaNapATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 187 12. mahArAja bhojadeva (saM0 1075-1110 vi0) pUrvAcAryoM dvArA gaNapATha ko zabdAnuzAsana se pRthak khilapATha ke rUpa meM par3hane se isake paThana-pAThana meM jo upekSA huI, aura usakA jo bhayaGkara pariNAma huA, usakA nirdeza hama pUrva (bhAga 2 pRSTha 4) kara cuke haiN| mahArAja bhojadeva ne pUrva vaiyAkaraNoM dvArA kI gaI 5 upekSA aura usake duSpariNAmoM ko dekhakara use punaH zabdAnuzAsana (sUtrapATha) meM par3hane kA sAhasa kiyA (dra0 pUrva pRSTha 5) / mojIya gaNapATha kA vaiziSTya ' bhoja ke gaNapATha kA pradhAna vaiziSTaya usakA sUtrapATha meM samAviSTa honA hai / isake sAtha hI isameM nimna vaMziSTya bhI upalabdha 10 hote haiM 1-prAkRti-gaNoM kA pATha-pANini Adi prAcIna prAcAryoM dvArA prAkRtigaNa rUpa se nirdiSTa gaNoM ko bhoja ne una-una gaNoM meM samAviSTa honevAle zabdoM kA yathA-sambhava pATha karake antima zabda ke sAtha prAdi pada kA nirdeza kiyA hai| . 2-vAtikagaNoM kA pATha-AcArya candra ne jisa prakAra kAtyAyanIya vArtikoM meM nirdiSTa gaNoM ko apane sUtrapATha meM sthAna diyA, usI prakAra prAcArya bhoja ne bhI unheM sUtrapATha meM par3hA hai / 3-navIna gaNoM kA nirdeza-bhoja ne pUrva vaiyAkaraNoM dvArA apaThita katipaya navIna gaNoM kA bhI pATha kiyA hai / yathA: kiMzukAdi (3 / 2 / 98) vRndArakAdi (3 / 2 / 86) * matallikAdi (3 / 2188) khasUcyAdi (3 / 2 / 83) japAdi (7 / 3 / 62) - inameM se prathama cAra gaNoM kA nirdeza karate hue vardhamAna ne spaSTa zabdoM meM inheM bhoja dvArA abhipreta likhA hai / yathA 25 kiMzukAdi-ayaM ca gaNaH zrIbhojadevAbhiprAyeNa / gaNaratnamaho dadhi, pRSTha 86 / vRndArakAdi-matallikAdi-khasUcyAdi etacya gaNatrayaM bhoja

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188 saMskRta-vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa devAbhiprAyeNa draSTavyam / anyavaiyAkaraNamatena sUtrANyetAni / gaNaratnamahodadhi, pRSTha 86 / japAdi-bhoja ke japAdi gaNa kA tathA tannirdezaka japAdInAM po vaH sUtra kA anukaraNa prAcArya hemacandra ne 2 / 3 / 105 meM kiyA hai| kSIrasvAmI ne bhI apane amarakozoddhATana meM bhojoya japAdi gaNa kA asakRt nirdeza kiyA hai| yathA kaM ziraH pATayati pravizatAM kavATo dvArapaTTaH, japAditvAd vatvam / 2 / 2 / 17 // 'pA(pa) rApatapasyAyaM pArAvataH, japAditvAd vatvam / 2 / 5 // 15 // 10 isI prakAra anekatra japAdi kA nirdeza amarakozoddhATana meM upalabdha hotA hai| 4-gaNoM ke nAmAntara-bhoja ne prAcArya candra ke anukaraNa para pANinIya apUpAdi kA yUpAdi ( 4 / 4 / 188) tathA bahvAdi kA zoNAdi (3 / 4 / 75) nAma se nirdeza kiyA hai| 13 5-kvacita cAndra anukaraNa kA prabhAva-yadyapi bhoja ne prAcArya candra kA atyadhika anukaraNa kiyA hai, punarapi kahIM-kahIM usane candra kA anukaraNa na karake svatantra mArga bhI apanAyA hai| yathA__ pANini ke vrIhyAdi gaNa kA prAcArya candra ne kAtyAyana ke anukaraNa para tridhA vibhAga kiyA hai-vrIhyAdi, zikhAdi aura yava20 khdaadi| parantu bhoja ne vIdyAdi gaNa meM paThita zikhA Adi zabdoM ko puSkarAdi gaNa (5 / 2 / 190-192) aura karma tathA carma zabda ko balAdi gaNa (5 / 2 / 163-194) meM par3ha kara apanI svatantra manISA kA paricaya diyA hai| 6-pAThAntaroM kA nirdeza- bhoja ne prAcIna vibhinna prAcAryoM 25 dvArA svIkRta eka zabda ke vibhinna pAThAntaroM ko bhI kahIM-kahIM svatantra zabdoM ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA hai / yathA kurvAdi-gaNa meM kAzikA kA pATha mura hai / candra ne isake sthAna meM pura pATha svIkAra kiyA hai| bhoja ne isa gaNa meM (4 / 4 / 144153) donoM zabdoM kA pATha kiyA hai /

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gaNapATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 186 vyAkhyAkAra 1 bhojI sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa ke vyAkhyAtA daNDanAtha ne zabdAnuzAsana ko vyAkhyA meM gaNasUtroM kI vyAkhyA bhI kI hai / parantu gaNapATha ke zabdoM kI jaisI vyAkhyA honI cAhie, vaisI vyAkhyA usakI TIkA meM svarAdi cAdi prAdi Adi katipaya gaNoM kI hI upalabdha hotI hai / 13 - bhadrezvara sUri (saM0 1200 vi0 se pUrva ) bhadrezvara sUriviracita dIpaka vyAkaraNa kA varNana hama isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM kara cuke haiN| usI prakaraNa meM hamane vardhamAna ke gaNaratnamahodadhi kA eka uddharaNa diyA hai| jisase vidita hotA hai ki 10 bhadrezvara sUri ne sva- zabdAnuzAsana se sambaddha kisI gaNapATha kA bhI pravacana kiyA thaa| vaha pravataraNa isa prakAra hai bhadrezvarAcAryastu- fia svA durbhagA kAntA rakSAntA nicitA samA / sacivA capalA bhaktirbAtyeti svAdayo daza / / iti svAda vetyanena vikalpena puMvadbhAvaM manyate / gaNaratnamahodadhi, pRSTha 88 / 15 ina uddharaNa meM bhadrezvara sUri prokta gaNapATha ke svAdi gaNa kA ullekha hai / yadi ukta uddharaNa meM nirdiSTa zloka bhadrezvara sUri kA hI ho ( jisakI adhika sambhAvanA hai), to isase yaha bhI jAnA jAtA 20 hai ki ukta gaNapATha zlokabaddha thA / nAmaparivartana - bhadrezvara sUri ne bhI pUrvAcAryoM ko paddhati para calate hue pANininirdiSTa katipaya gaNanAmoM kA parivartana kiyA thA / ukta uddharaNa meM nirdiSTa svAdi nAma pANini- prokta priyAdi ( 6 | 3 | 33) kA hai| 25 isase adhika hama isa prAcArya ke gaNapATha ke viSaya meM kucha nahIM jAnate /

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 5 14-hemacandra sUri (saM0 1145-1229 vi0) .. prAcArya hemacandra kA gaNapATha usakI svopajJa-bRhadvRtti meM upalabdha hotA hai| pAlyakIrti kA anukaraNa hemacandra ne pAlyakIti ke zabdAnuzAsana aura usakI amoghA vatti kA atyadhika anukaraNa kiyA hai| DA0 belvelkara ne isa sambandha meM likhA hai___ 'vizeSatAH zAkaTAyana ke zabdAnuzAsana tathA amoghA vRtti ke sanbandha meM usakA (=hemacandra kA) Azrita honA itanA nikaTa kA 10 hai ki vaha sarvathA andhAnukaraNa kI sthiti taka jA pahuMcatA hai|' hamArA mantavya-niHsandeha AcArya hemacandra ne apane pUrvavartI pAlkIti kA atyadhika anukaraNa kiyA hai, parantu usake sambandha meM hama DA0 belvekara kI sammati se sahamata nahIM haiN| prAcArya hemacandra ne yadyapi apane sabhI graMthoM ke tattad viSaya ke prAcIna granthakAroM tathA unake granthoM kA anukaraNa kiyA hai, tathApi unameM prAcArya ke apane maulika aMza bhI haiN| andhAnukaraNa kA doSa tabhI diyA jA sakatA hai, jabaki kisI granthakAra ke grantha meM usakA maulika aMza kiJcinmAtra bhI na ho| itanA hI nahIM, vAGmaya ke kSetra meM aisA kauna-sA lekhaka hai, jo apane se pUrva lekhakoM kI sAmagrI kA upayoga na karake 20 saba kucha svamanISA se udbhAsita vastu athavA tattva kA hI nirdeza karatA hai| jahAM taka hemacandra ke gaNapATha kA sambandha hai, vaha prAyaH pAlyakIrti ke gaNapATha kA anukaraNa karatA hai, punarapi usameM katipaya sthAnoM meM svopajJa aMza bhI hai| yathA 1-nae gaNoM kA nirdhAraNa--prAcIna vaiyAkaraNoM kI zabdAnuzAsana ke lAghava ke lie nae-nae gaNoM kI udbhAvanA paddhati para calate hue hemacandra ne katipaya naye gaNoM kI udbhAvanA kI hai| yathA 1. sisTams Apha saMskRta grAmara, pRSTha 76 /

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gaNapATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 161 ka-pANini ke sAyaMciraM (4 / 3 / 23) sUtrapaThita zabdoM ke lie sAyAhnAdi (3 / 1153) gaNa kI kalpanA kI hai| kha-pANini ke anantAvasatha (5 / 4 / 23) sUtrapaThita zabdoM ke lie bheSajAdi (7 / 2 / 164) gaNa kA nirdhAraNa kiyA hai| 2-nAma parivartana--kahIM-kahIM para hemacandra ne pAlyakIrti Adi 5 pUrvAcAryoM dvArA nirdhArita gaNanAmoM meM bhI parivartana kiyA hai| yathA-- pANini ke caturthI tadarthArtha0 (2 / 1136) sUtra ke lie pAlyakIrti dvArA nirdhArita arthAdi (zAka0 2 / 1 / 36) gaNa ke sthAna meM hemacandra ne usakA nAma citAdi (33171) rakkhA hai| 3-eka gaNa ke do gaNa-eka gaNa ke do vibhAga athavA do gaNa banAne kI dizA meM bhI hemacandra ne kucha nayA prayAsa kiyA hai / yathA ka-pANini ke puSkarAdi (5 / 2 / 135) gaNa ko puSkarAdi (7 // 270) tathA abjAdi (7 / 2 / 67) do gaNoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai / kha-pANini ke kaskAdi (8 / 3 / 48) gaNa ko eka hI sUtra meM 15 bhrAtuSputrAdi (2 / 3 / 14) tathA kaskAdi (2 / 3 / 14) do gaNoM meM bAMTA hai| 4-saMgRhIta vigRhIta pATha-hemacandra ne katipaya sthAnoM para samAna zabdoM ko saMgRhIta (=samasta) tathA vigRhIta (=vibhakta) donoM rUpoM meM par3hA hai / yathA 20 ka-utkarAdi (6 / 2 / 61) gaNa meM iDAjira saMgrahIta rUpa meM, tathA iDA ajira vigRhIta rUpa meN| ___kh-tikaadi-(6|1|131) gaNa meM tikakitava saMgRhIta rUpa meM, tathA tika kitava vigRhIta rUpa meN| 5-pAThAntaroM kA saMgraha-gaNapATha ke tattat gaNoM meM pUrvAcArya 25 svIkRta prAyaH sabhI pAThAntaroM kA hemacandra ne apane gaNapATha meM saMgraha kara diyA hai / hemacandra kI yaha pravRtti usake svabhAva ke anurUpa hai| hemacandrAcArya ke prAyaH sabhI granthoM meM yaha saMgrahAtmaka pravRtti dekhI jAtI hai|

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162 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa vyAkhyA hemacandra ke gaNapATha para svatantra vyAkhyA upalabdha nahIM hotii| tathApi usake katipaya gaNoM ke zabdoM kI vyAkhyA usake bahannyAsa meM upalabdha hotI hai| jaina satyaprakAza patra varSa 7 ke dIpotsavI aMka 5 pRSTha 84 meM savRtti gaNapATha kA nirdeza hai| parantu hamArA vicAra hai ki yahAM 'savRtti' pada kA sambandha 'sUtra' ke sAtha honA cAhiye / 15. vardhamAna (saM0 1160-1210 vi0) gaNakAroM meM vardhamAna kA nAma saba se adhika mahattvapUrNa hai| sampUrNa gaNapATha ke vAGamaya meM vardhamAna ke svIya gaNapATha kI svopajJA 10 gaNaratnamahodadhi vyAkhyA hI ekamAtra aisA grantha hai, jisake sAhAyya se gaNapATha ke sambandha meM hama kucha jAna sakate haiN| vardhamAna ne svIya vyAkaraNa se saMbaddha gaNapATha kA zlokabaddha saMkalana evaM usakI vistRta vyAkhyA likhI hai| vardhamAna ne isa vyA khyA ke anta meM gaNaratnamahodadhi ke racanA-kAla kA nirdeza isa prakAra 15 kiyA hai saptanavatyadhikeSvekAdazasu zateSvatIteSu / varSANAM vikramato gaNaratnamahodadhivihitaH // arthAt vikrama se 1197 varSoM ke vyatIta hone para gaNaratnamahodadhi grantha likhA gyaa| vardhamAna ne apanI vyAkhyA meM se prAcIna sabhI vaiyAkaraNoM ke gaNapAThastha tattat zabda viSayaka sabhI pAThabhedoM aura matoM kA vistAra se nirdeza kiyA hai| isameM eka kecit apare Adi sAmAnya nirdezoM ke atirikta jina vaiyAkaraNoM ko nAmanirdezapUrvaka smaraNa kiyA hai, ve ye haiM1-abhayanandI 5-drami (vi)r3a vaiyAkaraNa 2-aruNadatta 6-pANini 3-candragomI 7-pArAyaNika 4-jinendra buddhi 8-bhadrezvara

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2/25 gaNapATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 8 - bhoja - ( zrIbhoja) 10 - ratnamati 163 13 - vRddha vaiyAkaraNa 14 - zakaTAGgaja ( pAlya kIrti) 11 - vasukra 12 vAmana isa grantha meM uparyukta prAcAryoM ke dvArA prastuta vibhinna pAThabhedoM athavA matoM kA to ullekha kiyA hI gayA hai, aneka sthAnoM para unake gaNapATha meM par3he jAne ke prayojana, gaNasUtroM kI vyAkhyA, tathA viziSTa zabdoM ke prayoga nidarzana ke lie svaviracita aura prAcIna kaviyoM ke vai ko uddhRta kiyA hai / 15 - sudhAkara 16- hemacandra 10 vardhamAna ne pANinIya gaNapATha ke svara vaidika prakaraNAtirikta prAyaH sabhI gaNoM kA samAveza apane grantha meM kiyA hai, kinhIM kA sarvathA bhinna rUpa meM aura kinhIM kA nAma parivartana karake / isI prakAra kAtyAyana ke vArtika-gaNoM ko bhI isameM samAviSTa kara liyA gayA hai / pANini ke katipaya dIrghakAya sUtroM aura eka prakaraNa ke do cAra sahapaThita sUtroM ke AdhAra para katipaya naye gaNa bhI nirdhArita kiye haiM / isI prakAra katipaya vArtikoM ke AdhAra para bhI naye gaNoM kI racanA kI hai / kahIM-kahIM pANini ke aneka gaNoM kA eka gaNa meM bhI samAveza dekhA jAtA hai / 15 prAcArya candra, pAlyakIrti aura hemacandra dvArA nirdhArita gaNoM ko prAya: usI rUpa meM svIkAra kara liyA hai / hAM kinhIM gaNoM ke nAma 20 parivartita avazya kiye gaye haiM / vAmana aura bhoja dvArA nirdhArita gaNoM ko bhI isameM sthAna diyA gayA hai / praruNadatta ke matAnusAra digaNa ke zabdoM kI eka vistRta sUcI upasthita kI hai / 25 ina saba vizeSatAoM ke kAraNa vardhamAna kA gaNaratnamahodadhi grantha apane viSaya kA eka utkRSTa grantha bana gayA haiM / samprati gaNapATha ke zabdoM ke artha, pAThabheda aura prayoga jJAna ke lie yahI ekamAtra sAhAyya grantha hai| bhaTTa yajJezvara viracita gaNaratnAvalI kA bhI yahI AdhAra grantha hai | gaNaratna mahodadhi ke vyAkhyAkAra 1. gaGgAdhara mahAmahopAdhyAya gaGgAdhara ne vardhamAna ke gaNaratnamahodadhi para :

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164 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa eka TIkA likhI thI / isakA eka hastalekha iNDiyA Aphisa lAyabrarI landana ke sUcIpatra bhAga 2 khaNDa 1 meM nirdiSTa hai| 2. govardhana aAphaikTa ne apane hastalekhoM ke sUcIpatra meM gaGgAdhara ke sAtha go5 vardhana kA bhI gaNaratnamahodadhi ke TIkAkAra ke rUpa meM ullekha kiyA hai| 3. bAlakRSNa zAstrI vardhamAna-viracita gaNapATha ke zlokoM kI eka gaNaratna nAmnI saMkSipta vyAkhyA bAlakRSNa zAstrI ne likhI hai| isa meM kahIM-kahIM vardhamAna kRta vyAkhyA=gaNaratnamahodadhi kI AlocanA bhI kI hai| yathA sarvAdi gaNa meM vardhamAna dvArA paThita anyonya paraspara itaretara zabdoM ke viSaya meM likhA hai-anyonya-parasparetaretarANAM pATho'prAmANikaH / 16. kramadIzvara (saM0 1300 vi0 se pUrva) kramadIzvara prokta saMkSiptasAra apara nAma jaumara vyAkaraNa se 15 saMbaddha jo gaNapATha hai, usakA pravacana kramadIzvara ne hI kiyA, athavA saMkSiptasAra ke pariSkartA athavA vyAkhyAtA jumarandI ne kiyA, yaha ajJAta hai / isa gaNapATha meM pradhAnabhUta gaNoM kA hI saMkalana hai| vyAkhyAtA-nyAyapaJcAnana jaumara gaNapATha para nyAyapaJcAnana nAma ke vidvAna ne gaNaprakAza 20 nAmnI eka vyAkhyA likhI hai| __ isa nyAyapaJcAnana ne jaumara vyAkaraNa para goyIcandra viracita TIkA para TIkA likhI hai / isakA varNana hamane isI grantha ke prathama bhAga meM kramadIzvara-prokta saMkSiptasAra (jaumara) vyAkaraNa ke prakaraNa meM kiyA hai| 25 17. sArasvata vyAkaraNakAra (vi0 saM0 1300 ke lagabhaga) sArasvata sUtroM ke racayitA narendrAcArya (athavA anubhUtisvarUpA

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gaNapATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 165 cArya) ne apane sUtroM meM aneka gaNoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai / isa gaNapATha meM bhI prAcIna gaNapAThoM ke samAna kucha vaicitrya upalabdha hotA hai / yathA 1 - pANinIya svarAdi aura cAdi gaNoM kA eka meM samAveza / 2- kAtyAyana dvArA upasaMkhyAta zrat aura antar zabda kA prAdigaNa meM samAveza, tathA saMbhastrA jinazaNapiNDebhyaH phalAt zrAdi vArtika ke udAharaNoM kA prajAdi meM samAveza draSTavya hai / 3 - pANinIya gaNanAmoM kA kahIM kahIM parivartana bhI dekhA jAtA haiM / yathA - 10 gaurAdi gaNa kA nadAdi, bAhvAdi kA paddhatyAdi, sapatnyAdi kA patnyAdi, zubhrAdi kA pratryAdi Adi nAmakaraNa upalabdha hote haiM / 4 - kahIM-kahIM pANini ke vistRta sUtra meM nirdiSTa zabdoM ke liye naye gaNoM kA nirdhAraNa bhI dekhA jAtA hai / yathA indravaruNabhavazavaM kI dRSTi se indrAdi, jAnapadakuNDagoNa kI dRSTi se jAnapadAdi gaNa / (ye anya vyAkaraNoM meM bhI milate haiM) / 5 15 pANini ke pUtakratore ca vRSAkapyagni tathA manorau vA sUtroM kI dRSTi se manvAdiprAkRtigaNa tathA pitRSvasuzchan aura mAtRSvasuzca sUtroM kI dRSTi se pitRSvastrAdi gaNa kI kalpanA sArasvatakAra kI apanI upajJA hai / 5 - kahIM-kahIM pUrvAcAryoM dvArA nirdhArita gaNoM kI upekSA bhI kI hai / yathA- zrAcArya candragomI ne pANini ke USazuSimuSkamadho raH tathA isI sUtra para race gaye kAtyAyana ke raprakaraNe khamukhakujebhyaH upasaMkhyAnam vArtika ke lie USAdi gaNa kI kalpanA kI thI, parantu sArasvatakAra ne yahAM isa lAghava ko svIkAra na karake pANini ke sUtra tathA kAtyAyana ke vArtika kA sammizraNa karake USazuSimuSkamadhukhamukha kuJjanagapAMzupANDubhyaH jaise bar3e sUtra kI racanA kI hai / sArasvata - gaNapATha isakI candrikA TIkA meM upalabdha hotA hai / 25 vastuta: 'siddhAnta candrikA' sArasvata kA rUpAntara hai' / isalie 1. dra0 saM0 vyA0 zA 0 itihAsa bhAga 1, sArasvata vyAkaraNa- prakaraNa |

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5 166. saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa sArasvata gaNapATha ke liye usakA AzrayaNa karanA ucita pratIta nahIM hotA / 'saMskRta vyAkaraNa meM gaNapATha kI paramparA aura prAcArya pANini' ke lekhaka prA0 kapiladeva sAhityAcArya ne apane grantha meM sArasvata gaNapATha ke sambandha meM ( hamane bhI Upara) jo likhA hai, vaha siddhAMta - candrikA nAmaka rUpAntara ke AdhAra para likhA gayA hai / 18. bopadeva (saM0 1300 - 1350 vi0 ) vopadeva ne mugdhabodha vyAkaraNa se saMbaddha gaNapATha kA pravacana bhI kiyA thA / isameM aneka pANinIya gaNa aparivartita rUpa se milate haiM / kucha gaNoM ke nAmoM meM parivartana kiyA hai / kalyANyAdi, zaratprabhRti 10 tathA dvArAdi jaise katipaya gaNoM ke zabdoM kA sUtroM meM hI pATha kiyA hai| mugdhabodhakAra dvArA idaM prathamatayA nirdhArita eka tanvAdi gaNa hI aisA hai, jise isakA maulika gaNa kahA jA sakatA hai | 15 mugdhabodha ke TIkAkAra durgAdAsa aura rAmatarka vAgIza ne apanI vyAkhyAoM meM pANini ke prAyaH sabhI gaNoM kA vistAra se nirdeza kiyA hai / mugdhabodha ke sarvAdi gaNa meM pUrvAdi zabdoM kA nirdeza dvi zabda ke pIche upalabdha hotA hai / yahI krama sambhavata: pizali ke gaNapATha meM bhI thA / 19. padmanAbhadatta (saM0 1400 vi0 ) 20 DA0 belvelkara kA mata hai ki saupadma sampradAya ke gaNapATha kA nirdhAraNa kAzIzvara nAma ke vidvAn ne kiyA thA, aura ramAkAnta nAma ke vyAkaraNa ne isa gaNapATha para eka vRtti likhI thI / ' gaNezvara ke putra padmanAbhadatta ne pRSodarAdi-vRtti nAmaka eka viziSTa grantha kI racanA saM0 1430 vi0 (san 1375 I0) meM kI thI / " ajJAta vyAkaraNa saMbaddha gaNa - pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA vaiyAkaraNa vAGamaya meM gaNapATha se sambandha rakhane vAle katipaya 1. sisTamsa prApha saMskRta grAmara, pRSTha 111 / 25

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gaNapATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 167 aise vaiyAkaraNoM ke nAma tathA kRtiyAM milatI haiM, jinakA kisI vyAkaraNa vizeSa se sambandha hameM jJAta nahIM haiM / aise gaNapravaktA aura vyAkhyAtAoM kA hama nIce nirdeza karate haiM 20. kumArapAla (13 vIM zatI vi0 prathamacaraNa ) rAjasthAna prAcyavidyA pratiSThAna jodhapura ke saMgraha meM caulukya- 2 bhUpati kumArapAla viracita gaNadarpaNa nAma kA eka hastalekha ( phoTo kApI) hai | isakI kramasaMkhyA 2653 hai, isameM 21 patra haiM / prArambha ke 1-2 patre nahIM haiM / zeSa 26 patroM ke 38 phoTo patre haiM / isameM prati pRSTha 14 paMkti aura prati paMkti 47 akSara haiM / phoTo kApI ke prAdi meM nimna pATha hai 10 kASThAdAruNavezAmAtAputrAdbhutasvatayaH / bhRzaghorAnAjJAtAyutaparamAzceti kASThAdigaNaH / patra 31 / grantha ke anta meM sUtranacatuvidyA: kurupaMcAlAdhidevAsva / anusaMvatsaro dhenu .. gAjAtazatravaH | saMmodakazuddhau puSkara tatparimaNDalaH / pratibhUrAjapuruSau sarvaveda iti vyaTi buddhiH / iti rAjapitAmahazrI caulukya bhUpAlakumArapAladevena daMDavosaripratihArabhojadevArthaM viracite gaNadarpaNe tRtIyAdhyAyasya caturthaH pAdaH samAptaH / zubhaM bhavatu / granthAnaM 600 / / 20 zrI zake 1383 vRSasaMvatsare pauSavadi 13 bhaume // zrI devagirau ukezavaMze zrI devaDAgotre sA0 vIrA putreNa vInapAle saM0 sonA saM capisIktena grantho'yaM samalekhi / vA0 samayataRgaNInaM // 15 isa uddharaNa se spaSTa hai ki yaha gaNadarpaNa colukya- bhUpAla kumArapAla viracita hai| isameM tIna pradhyAya haiM, aura prati adhyAya 25 cAra pAda haiM / gaNadarpaNa kI racanA zlokabaddha hai / yaha kisa vyAkaraNa se saMbaMdha rakhatA hai, yaha anveSya hai /

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198 y saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ___mahArAja kumArapAla dvArA isa grantha ko racanA hone se spaSTa hai ki isakA kAla vikrama ko terahavIM zatI kA prathama caraNa hai| isa hastalekha kA lekhanakAla zaka saM0 1383 (vi0 saM0 1518) hai| hastalekha pRSTha mAtrAyuta prAcIna lipi meM haiN| isa hastalekha kA sAmAnya paricaya tathA Adyanta nirdiSTa pATha rAjasthAna prAcyavidyA pratiSThAna jodhapura ke adhyakSa zrI DA0 gopAla nArAyaNa jI bahurA ke anugraha se prApta huaa| --- 21. aruNadatta (saM0 1190 vi0 se pUrvavartI) vardhamAna ne aruNadatta ke matAnusAra ardharcAdi gaNa ke zabdoM kI 10 eka vistRta sUcI upasthita karake likhA hai 'aruNadattAbhiprAyeNete darzitAH' / pRSTha 64 / kisI aruNadatta ke mata ujjvaladatta kI uNAdivRtti pRSTha 142, 163 para uddhRta haiM / eka aruNadatta aSTAGga hRdaya kA vyAkhyAtA bhI hai| inase yaha abhinna hai athavA bhinna, isa viSaya meM hama nizcita rUpa 15 se kucha nahIM kaha skte| eka aruNAcArya kA nirdeza haima vyAkaraNa bRhadvatti avacUrNi pRSTha 198 para milatA hai| hamArA vicAra hai ki aruNAcArya nAma se aruNadatta kA hI nirdeza hai| 22. draviDa vaiyAkaraNa isa prAcArya ke dhAtupATha tathA gaNapATha sambandhI aneka mata kSorataraGgiNI, mAdhavIyA dhAtuvRtti tathA gaNaratnamahodadhi meM upalabdha hote hai, parantu hama isake viSaya meM kucha nahIM jAnate / 23. pArAyaNika pArAyaNa nAma ke do grantha hai-dhAtupArAyaNa aura nAmapArAyaNa / 25 ina granyoM ke adhyayana karanevAle vaiyAkaraNa pArAyaNika kahAte haiN|

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gaNapATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 169 nAmapArAyaNa kA sAkSAt nirdeza kAzikA ke Adya zloka meM upalabdha hotA hai, aura nAmapArAyaNa se saMbaddha pArAyaNikoM kA nirdeza kAzikA 8 / 3 / 48 meM milatA hai / padamaJjarI (2 / 4 / 61) bhAga 1, pRSTha 487 para likhA hai-pariziSTA: pArAyaNe draSTavyAH / 24. ratnamati ratnamati kA gaNapATha sambandhI mata vardhamAna kI gaNaratnamahodadhi meM milatA hai| yathA 1-ratnamatistu kAlazabdasya saMjJAvAcino ngii| pRSTha 46 / 2 - ratnamatinA tu haritAdayo gaNasamApti yAvat vyAkhyAtam / tanmatAnusAriNA mayApyete kila nibddhaaH| pRSTha 152 / ina udAharaNoM se ratnamati kA gaNapATha-vyAkhyAtRtva spaSTa hai / ratnamati ke dhAtupATha viSayaka katipaya mata mAdhavIyA dhAtuvRtti prAdi meM upalabdha hote haiM / ujjvaladatta ne bhI uNAdivRtti 1 / 151 meM ratnamati kA eka uddharaNa diyA hai-puSvA jalakaNiketi rtnmtiH| __ratnamati kA ullekha haimabRhannyAsa 1 / 4 / 36; 2 / 1166 prabhRti meM bhI milatA hai| --- 25. vasukra vardhamAna ne maharAdipatyAdi gaNastha uSarbudha zabda kA vyAkhyAna karate hue likhA hai uSarbhuda shriivsukrH|' pRSTha 26 / isase vasukra kA gaNapATha-vyAkhyAtRtva dyotita hotA hai / isake viSaya meM isase adhika hama kucha nahIM jaante| ___ 20 . 1. kalakattA mudrita saMskaraNa, pRSTha 55 para 'ratnAmati' pATha chapA hai| vaha azuddha hai /

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 26. vRddha vaiyAkaraNa vardhamAna ne gaNaratnamahodadhi meM zaradAdi gaNa ke vyAkhyAna meM kisI vRddha vaiyAkaraNa kA mata uddhRta kiyA hai / bAhmaNAdi ke vyAkhyAna meM 'vRddhA:' pada se sambhavataH use hI smaraNa kiyA hai / 200 5 1 - 'RkpUrabdhUHpathAt ityanenaiva samAsAntasya siddhatvAdasya pATho na saMgataH pratibhAti paraM vRddhavaiyAkaraNamatAnurodhena paThitaH / pRSTha 15 / 2 - 'gaDuladAyAdavizasti vizampurazabdebhyastvatalau na bhavata iti vRddhAH / pRSTha 225 / 20 vardhamAna kI bhUla 10 vardhamAna ne prathama uddharaNa meM pratipatham anupatham zabdoM kA zaradAdi gaNa meM pATha prasaMgata batAyA hai, parantu yaha usakI bhUla hai / RkpUrabdhU0 sUtra se 'a' pratyaya hotA hai / usa avasthA meM pratyayasvara hone para pUrva - padaprakRtisvara prApta hotA hai / parantu zaradAdi meM pATha hone se Tac pratyaya hotA hai / usa avasthA meM pUrva prakRtisvara kI prApti ko Tac 15 citkaraNasAmarthya se bAdhakara antodAttatva hotA haiM / itanA hI nahIM, pratyaya hone para strIliGga meM TAp kI prApti hotI hai / Tac pratyaya hone para TitvAt GIp hotA hai / ina vizeSatAoM ke hone para bhI ukta padoM kA zaradAdi meM pATha asaMgata batAnA usakA svarazAstra se jJAna prakaTa karatA hai / 27. sudhAkara vardhamAna ne avyaya zabdoM se utpanna honevAlI nAma-vibhaktiyoM ke saMbandha meM vicAra karate hue sudhAkara kA eka mata isa prakAra uddhRta kiyA hai sudhAkarastvAha avyayebhyastu nissaMkhyebhyo'vyayAdApsupa iti jJApakAd vibhaktyutpattiH / ' gaNaratnamahodadhi, pRSTha 23 / 25 sudhAkara ne yaha vacana svarAdi gaNa ke vyAkhyAna meM likhA hai, zrathavA aSTAdhyAyI kI vyAkhyA meM, yaha kahanA kaThina hai /

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gaNapATha ke pravaktA zraura vyAkhyAtA 201 sudhAkara ke dhAtuviSayaka mata kRSNa lIlAzuka muni viracita deva vyAkhyAna meM bahudhA uddhRta haiM / 2/26 isase adhika sudhAkara ke viSaya meM hama kucha nahIM jAnate / 5 gaNapATha ke tulanAtmaka adhyayana aura vizeSa parijJAna ke lie hamAre mitra prA0 kapiladevajI sAhityAcArya ema. e., pIeca. DI. kA 'saMskRta vyAkaraNa meM gaNapATha kI paramparA aura prAcArya pANini grantha dekhanA cAhie / ...grejI bhASA meM mUla gaNapATha ke saMzodhita pATha aura usa para TippaNiyoM ke sahita chapA hai / isa ke sAtha hI DA0 esa. ema. ayAcita kA 'gaNapATha e kriTikala sTaDI' grantha bhI dekhanA cAhiye / yaha 10 kurukSetra vizvavidyAlaya prakAzita huA hai / pravaktA aura vyA kiyA hai / agale isa prakAra isa adhyAya meM hamane gaNapATha ke khyAtA AcAryoM kA yathAjJAna varNana karane kA prayatna adhyAya meM uNAdisUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA vaiyAkaraNoM kA varNana kiyA jAyagA / Xxx 15

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caubIsavAM adhyAya uNAdi-sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA ati pUrAkAla meM jaba saMskRta bhASA ke sampUrNa nAma (jAti-dravyaguNa-zabda) aura avyaya (svarAdi-nipAta) zabda eka svara se yaugika 5 mAne jAte the, usa samaya uNAdisUtra zabdAnuzAsana ke kRdanta prakaraNa ke antargata hI the, parantu uttarakAla meM manuSyoM kI dhAraNAzakti aura medhA ke hrAsa ke kAraNa jaba yaugika zabdoM ke dhAtu-pratyayasaMbaddha yaugikArtha kI apratIti hone lagI, taba yaugikArtha kI apratIti tathA svaravarNAnupUrvI viziSTa samudAya se artha vizeSa kI pratIti hone ke kAraNa saMskRtabhASA ke sahasroM zabda vaiyAkaraNoM dvArA rUDha mAna lie gaye / isa avasthA meM bhI vaiyAkaraNoM meM zAkaTAyana tathA naruktoM meM gArya bhinna sabhI prAcArya tathAkathita rUDha zabdoM ko bhI yaugika hI mAnate rhe| yAskIya nirukta ke prathamodhyAya ke 12 / 13 / 14 veM khaNDoM meM isa viSaya kI gambhIra vivecanA kI gaI hai, aura anta meM 15 tathAkathita rUDha zabdoM ke yaugikatva pakSa kI sthApanA kI hai| zAkaTAyana ke atirikta prAyaH sabhI vaiyAkaraNoM dvArA sahasroM zabdoM ko rUDha mAna lene para bhI unhoMne yaugikatvarUpI prAcIna pakSa kI rakSA tathA narukta AcAryoM ke siddhAnta ko dRSTi meM rakhate hue rUDha zabdoM ke dhAtu-pratyaya nidarzaka ke liye uNAdisUtra rUpI kRdanta bhAga ko zabdAnuzAsana se pRthak karake use zabdAnuzAsana ke khilapATha athavA pariziSTa kA rUpa diyaa|' ___ isa prakAra uNAdisUtroM ko zabdAnuzAsana kA pariziSTa banA dene para vaiyAkaraNoM kI dRSTi meM cAhe inakA mUlya kucha svalpa ho gayA ho, parantu narukta AcAryoM ke matAnusAra sampUrNa zabdoM ko yaugika 25 mAnanevAle vaidika vidvAnoM kI dRSTi meM inakA mUlya zabdAnuzAsana ke kRdanta bhAga kI apekSA kisI prakAra alpa nahIM hai| 1. draSTavya-unnIsavAM adhyAya, bhAga 2, pRSTha 6.16 /

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uNAdi-sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 203 uNAdisUtroM kI nidarzanArthatA koI bhI zabzAnuzAsana cAhe kitanA hI vizAla kyoM na ho, vaha anantazabdarAzi ke sampUrNa zabdoM kA saMgrAhaka nahIM ho sktaa| isalie samasta zabdAnuzAsana cAhe ve kitane hI vistRta kyoM na hoM, nidarzakamAtra hI hote haiM / punarapi uNAdisUtra atyanta svalpakAya hone 5 ke kAraNa vizeSa rUpa se tathAkathita rUDha zabdoM ke prakRti-pratyaya-vibhAga ke nidarzakamAtra hI haiN| bhagavAna pataJjali ne uNAdisUtroM ke mahattva aura nidarzanatva ke viSaya meM likhA hai'bAhulakaM prakRtestanudRSTe: prAyaH samuccayanAdapi teSAm / kAryasazeSavidhezca taduktaM naigamarUDhibhavaM hi susAdhu / nAma ca dhAtujamAha nirukta vyAkaraNe zakaTasya ca tokam / yanna padArthavizeSasamutthaM pratyayataH prakRtezca tadUhyam / kAryAdvidyAdanabandham ..... / 3 / 3 / 1 // ' arthAt-uNAdayo bahulam (3 / 3 / 1) sUtra meM bahula pada kA nirdeza isa liye kiyA hai ki thor3I sI dhAtuoM se uNAdi pratyayoM kA 15 vidhAna dekhA jAtA hai / pratyayoM kA bhI prAyaH karake samuccaya kiyA hai, saba kA samuccaya (pATha) nahIM kiyaa| prakRti pratyaya ke kArya bhI zeSa rakhe haiM, sUtroM ke dvArA saba kAryoM kA vidhAna nahIM kiyaa| [sUtrakAra ne aisA kyoM kiyA, isakA uttara yaha hai ki sabhI nigama =veda meM paThita tathA rUDha zabdoM kA sAdhutva parijJAta ho jAye / nirukta meM 20 sabhI nAmazabdoM ko dhAtuja-yaugika kahA hai, aura vyAkaraNa meM zakaTa ke putra zAkaTAyana kA yahI mata hai| isalie jina zabdoM kA prakRti pratyaya Adi viziSTa svarUpa lakSaNoM se samuttha =jJAta nahIM hai, unameM prakRti ko dekhakara pratyaya kI UhA karanI cAhiye, aura pratyaya ko dekhakara prakRti kI / isI prakAra dhAtu-pratyaya-gata kAryavizeSa 25 ko dekhakara anubandhoM kA jJAna karanA caahie| uNAdipATha ke nAmAntara prAcIna granthakAroM ne uNAdipATha ke lie uNAdikoza tathA uNAdigaNa zabdoM kA bhI vyavahAra kiyA hai uNAdikoza ( koSa )-paJcapAdI uNAdipATha ke vyAkhyAkAra 30

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204 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa mahAdeva vedAntI tathA svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI prabhRti vaiyAkaraNoM ne uNAdipATha ke lie uNAdikoza ( koSa ) zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai yathA ka-ityuNAdikoze nijavinodAbhidheye vedAntimahAdevaviracite / paJcamaH pAdaH smpuurnnH| kha-iti zrImatsvAmidayAnandasarasvatIkRtoNAdivyAkhyAyAM vaidikalaukikakoSe paJcamaH pAdaH samAptaH / ga-... pAnIviSibhyaH paH iti paH pAnIyam ityugAdikoSaH / zabdakalpadruma, pRSTha 506 / / 10 gha-zivarAma tathA rAjazarmA ne bhI uNAdipATha kA 'uNAdi koza' nAma se vyavahAra kiyA hai / dra0-paJcapAdI vRttikAra, saM0 16, 17, 20 / uNAdi-nighaNTu-nighaNTu zabdakoSa kA paryAyavAcI hai| ataH veGkaTezvara nAma ke vattikAra se uNAdipATha kA uNAdi-nighaNTa zabda 15 se bhI vyavahAra kiyA hai / dra0-paJcapAdI vRttikAra, saMkhyA 13 / uNAdigaNa-svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ne uNAdisUtroM ke lie uNAdigaNa zabda kA bhI vyavahAra kiyA hai / yathA ka-isa uNAdigaNa kI eka vRtti bhI chapI hai| uNAdikoSa, bhUmikA pRSTha 4 / 20 kha-bhUyAt so'yamuNAviruttamagaNo'dhyeturyazovRddhaye / uNAdikoSa vyAkhyA ke anta meN| isI prakAra saMskAravidhi tathA patroM aura vijJApanoM meM bhI uNAdigaNa zabda kA vyavahAra dekhA jAtA hai| ga-haimoNAdivRtti ke hastalekha meM haimoNAdivRtti ke sampAdaka " johana kirTa ne apanI bhUmikA (pRSTha 1) meM eka hastalekha kA antima pATha isa prakAra uddhRta kiyA hai 'ityAcAryahemacandrakRtaM svopajJoNAdigaNasUtravivaraNaM samAptam / ' uNAdi ke liye koSa vA nighaNTu zabda prayoga kA kAraNa-uNAdi sUtroM ke liye koSa vA nighaNTu kA vyavahAra kyoM prArambha huA,

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uNAdi-sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 205 isake sambandha meM nizcita rUpa se hama kucha nahIM kaha skte| sambhava hai dazapAdI uNAdi kA saMkalana mAtRkA kramAnusAra antyavarNakrama se hone ke kAraNa anya medinI Adi kozoM ke sAdRzya se ina zabdoM kA vyavahAra uNAdipATha ke liye prArambha hA ho| athavA dazapAdI ke saMkalana meM prAcIna kozakrama kAraNa rahA ho| upalabhyamAna prAcIna uNAdisUtra isa samaya jitane uNAdisUtra upalabdha haiM, unameM paJcapAdI aura dazapAdI uNAdisUtra prAcIna haiN| inameM bhI paJcapAdI uNAdisUtra . prAcInatara hai, yaha hama Age yathAsthAna likheNge| pANinIya vaiyAkaraNoM dvArA paJcapAdI aura dazapAdI donoM prakAra 10 ke hI uNAdisUtra samAdRta haiN| siddhAntakaumudI ke racayitA bhaTToji dIkSita ne paJcapAdI uNAdisUtroM ko apane grantha meM sthAna diyA hai| prakriyA-kaumudI ke vyAkhyAtA viTThala ne apanI vyAkhyA meM dazapAdI uNAdisUtroM kI vyAkhyA kI hai| inake atirikta anya aneka pANinIya vaiyAkaraNoM ne donoM prakAra ke uNAdisUtroM para vRtti grantha likhe 15 haiN| ina donoM meM kauna sA pATha pANinIya hai, isakI vivecanA Age pANinIya uNAdipATha ke prakaraNa meM vistAra se kI jaaegii| hama pUrva likha cuke haiM ki pratyeka zabdAnuzAsana ke pravaktA ko dhAtupATha gaNapATha uNAdisUtra aura liGgAnuzAsana rUpI khila pAThoM kA pravacana karatA hotA hai| isalie pratyeka zabdAnuzAsana ke pravaktA ne 20 uNAdisUtroM kA khila rUpa se pravacana kiyA hogA, isameM koI sandeha nhiiN| parantu samprati na to pANini se pUrvavartI vaiyAkaraNoM ke uNAdi pATha hI upalabdha haiM, aura na usake sambandha meM koI sUcanA hI prApta hotI hai| isalie jina prAcIna vaiyAkaraNoM ke uNAdipravaktRtva meM kucha bhI saMketa upalabdha hote haiM, athavA jinake uNAdipATha samprati 25 upalabdha haiM, unake viSaya meM Age likhA jAtA hai 1-kAzakRtsna (sa0 3100 vi0 pUrva) kAzakRtsnaprokta uNAdisUtra upalabdha nahIM haiM / kAzakRtsnaprokta

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206 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa dhAtupATha kI jo cannavIra kavi kI TIkA prakAza meM AI hai, usake sampAdaka ne apanI bhUmikA meM likhA hai ki cannavIra ne puruSasUkta kI bhI kannaDa TIkA likhI hai / usake katipaya pAThoM ko uddhata karate hue puruSasUkta vyAkhyA ke pRSTha 18 para brAhmaye pada ke sAdhutva-pratipAdana ke lie nirdiSTa braho mamanamaNizca sUtra uddhRta kiyA hai| aura anta meM likhA hai ki yaha bAta kAzakRtsna ke dazapAdI uNAdi meM kahI gaI hai| __ sampAdaka dvArA uddhRta sUtra kA pATha kucha bhraSTa hai| cannavIra ne dhAtupATha kI TIkA meM bRheR ro mani sUtra uddhRta kiyA hai (dra0 - 10 pRSTha 67) / sambhavataH yaha pATha bhI mUla sUtra kA pATha na hokara usakA ekadeza athavA arthAnuvAda ho / sampAdaka mahodaya ne kAzakRtsna ke jisa dazapAdI uNAdi kA ullekha kiyA hai, usakA saMketa unheM kahAM se prApta huaA,isakA unhoMne kucha bhI saMketa nahIM kiyaa| samprati upalabhyamAna dazapAdI uNAdi15 sUtra paJcapAdI sUtroM se uttarakAlIna haiM, yaha hama Age likheNge| ataH yadi kAzakRtsna kA uNAdipATha dazapAdI ho, taba bhI vaha vartamAna meM upalamyamAna dazapAdI pATha nahIM hai, itanA nizcita hai| __hamane dhAtupATha ke prakaraNa meM pRSTha 34 para likhA hai ki prAcArya candra ne dhAtUpATha ke pravacana meM kAzakRtsna ke dhAtUpATha kA anukaraNa kiyA hai / yadi candragomI ne apane uNAdisUtroM ke pravacana meM bhI kAzakRtsna uNAdisUtroM kA anukaraNa kiyA ho, to cAndra uNAdipAu meM tIna pAdoM kA darzana hone se yaha anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki kAzakRtsna uNAdipATha meM bhI tIna pAda hI rahe hoNge| vartamAna meM upalabhyamAna paJcapAdI uNAdisUtroM ke pravacana kA mUla AdhAra koI 25 prAcIna tripAdI uNAdisUtra the, yaha hama Age paJcapAdI ke prakaraNa meM likheNge| kAzakRtsna ke uNAdipATha ke sambandha meM hama kevala kAzakRtsna dhAtupATha ke sampAdaka DA0 e0 ena0 narasiMhiyA ke nirdeza para ho Azrita haiM / isa sambandha meM hameM kahIM anyatra se koI sUcanA prApta 30 nahIM huii|

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uNAdi-sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 207 2-zantanu (saM0 2600 vi0 pUrva) / aAphekTa ne apanI bRhad hastalekhasUtrI (pRSTha 63, kAlama 1) meM DA0 kIlahAna sampAdita madhyapradeza-hastalekha sUcI (nAgapura) ke AdhAra para prAcArya zantanu ke uNAdisUtra ke hastalekha kA saMketa kiyA hai| ___ zantanuprokta uNAdisUtra kI sUcanA anya kisI bhI sthAna se prApta nahIM hotI / samprati upalabhyamAna zAntanava phiTa sUtra zAntanava zabdAnuzAsana kA eka aMza hai|' isalie zantanu ne apane zabdAnazAsana se saMbaddha kisI uNAdipATha kA pravacana bhI kiyA ho, isameM sandeha karane kI koI sthiti nhiiN| 10 3-Apizali (saM0 2600 vi0 pUrva) AcArya prApizali ne apane zabdAnuzAsana ke khilarUpa dhAtupATha aura gaNapATha kA pravacana kiyA thA, yaha hama aneka pramANoM dvArA tattat prakaraNa meM likha cuke haiN| AcArya ne svavyAkaraNa se saMbaddha kisI uNAdipATha kA bhI avazya pravacana kiyA hogA isameM sandeha kA 15 koI avasara nhiiN| punarapi Apizala uNAdipATha sambandhI koI sAkSAt vacana abhI taka upalabdha nahIM huaa| __ paJcapAdI uNAdisUtroM meM dhAtu pratyaya tathA tatsambandhI jo anubandha upalabdha hote haiM, unase bhI isa viSaya meM koI prakAza nahIM par3atA ki paJcapAdI uNAdi kA saMbandha kisa zabdAnuzAsana ke sAtha 20 hai| kyoMki prApizala dhAtu, pratyaya aura tatsambaddha anubandha sabhI prAyaH pANinIya dhAtu pratyaya aura anubandhoM ke sAtha samAnatA rakhate haiN| hAM, uNAdisUtroM meM eka amantADDaH sUtra aisA hai, jisake AdhAra para kucha anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai| pANinIya pratyAhAra sUtra a ma Ga Na nam meM jo varNAnupUrvI hai, 25 use yadi GaJa na Na ma ma isa varNakrama se rakhA jAe, to pANinIya 1. isake lie dekhie isI grantha kA 'phiTsUtra aura usake vyAkhyAtA' nAmaka 27 vAM adhyaay| 2. paJcapAdI 1 / 107 // dazapAdI 57 //

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208 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa zabdAnuzAsana meM isa krama-parivartana se akArAnta pada na hone se koI doSa nahIM hogA, parantu isase makArAntoM ko muTu kA Agama prApta ho jAyegA, jo ki iSTa nahIM hai / tathApi Apizali ke 'jamaGaNanAH sva sthAnA nAsikAsthAnAzca' zikSAsUtra ( 1124 ) aura pANini ke 5 'DajaNanamAH svasthAnanAsikAsthAnAH' zikSA sUtra (1124) ke ana nAsika vargoM ke pAThakrama para dhyAna diyA jAye, to spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki pratyAhArasUtra kA Ja ma U Na na varNakrama prApizala abhipreta hai, aura isI kAraNa usane apanI zikSA meM bhI usI krama ko apanAyA hai| isase vidita hai ki pANinIya pratyAhArasUtra meM prApizala varNa10 krama ko hI svIkAra kiyA hai, yaha krama usakA apanA nahIM hai| prApizali ne pratyAhArasUtra meM varNakrama kA parityAga karake Ja ma Ga Na nam yaha krama kyoM apanAyA ? yadi isa para vicAra kiyA jAe to mAnanA hogA ki use kahIM para jam pratyAhAra banAno iSTa rahA hogA / vaha jam pratyAhAra uNAdi pATha ke jamantADDaH' sUtra meM 15 upalabdha hotA hai / yadyapi samantADDaH' sUtra paJcapAdI aura daza pAdI donoM pAThoM meM samAnarUpa se paThita hai, punarapi dazapAdI pATha kA pravacana paJcapAdI pATha ke AdhAra para huA hai (isakI vistRta mImAMsA Age kI jAegI), isalie paJcapAdI pATha mUla hone se prAcIna hai| hAM, kaI vaiyAkaraNa paJcapAdI uNAdipATha ko prAcArya 20 pANini kA pravacana mAnate haiM, parantu jamaGaNanam pratyAhArasUtra jama huNanAH svasthAnA0 prApizala zikSAsUtra aura 'amantADDaH uNAdisatra kI tulanA se yahI pratIta hotA hai ki dazapAdI pATha kA mUla AdhArabhUta paJcapAdI pATha prAcArya prApizali dvArA prokta hai, aura dazapAdI pATha sambhavataH prAcArya pANini dvArA pariSkRta hai / 25 yaha hamArA anumAnamAtra hai / isalie yadi paJcapAdI sUtra Apizaliprokta nahIM hoM, to nizcaya hI ye pANini-prokta hoNge| ataH paJcapAdI uNAdisUtroM ke vRttikAroM kA varNana hama pANini ke prakaraNa meM kreNge| 1. paJcapAdI 11107 // dazapAdI 57 //

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2/27 uNAdi-sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 206 4-pANini (saM0 2800 vi0 pUrva) prAcArya pANini ne apane paJcAGga vyAkaraNa kI pUrti ke lie, tathA uNAdayo bahulam (aSTA0 3 / 3 / 1) sUtra se saMketita uNAdi pratyayoM ke nidarzana ke liye kisI uNAdipATha kA pravacana kiyA thA, yaha nizcita hai| ___ hama pUrva likha cuke haiM ki pANinIya vaiyAkaraNoM dvArA paJcapAdI aura dazapAdI donoM prakAra ke uNAdisUtra samAdRta haiN| inameM se pANini prokta kauna-sA hai, isakI vivecanA karate haiM paJcapAdI kA pravaktA paJcapAdI uNAdisUtroM kA pravaktA kauna hai ? isa viSaya meM prAcIna 10 granthoM meM do mata upalabdha hote haiM / katipaya arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa pUrvanirdiSTa mahAbhASya ke vyAkaraNe zakaTasya ca tokam vacana ke AdhAra para paJcapAdI uNAdipATha ko zAkaTAyanaprokta mAnate haiN| yathA 1-'uNAdaya ityeva sUtramuNAdInAM zAstrAntarapaThitAnAM sAdhutvajJApanArthamastviti bhAvaH / ' kaiyaTa, pradIpa 3 / 3 / 1 / / 2-paJcapAdI kA vRttikAra zvetavanavAsI likhatA hai'yeyaM zAkaTAyanAdibhiH paJcapAdI rcitaa|' pRSTha 1,2 / 3-nAgeza bhaTTa likhatA hai'evaM ca kuvApeti uNAdisUtrANi zAkaTAyanasyeti sUcitam / ' pradIpodyota 3 / 3 // 1 // 4-vAsudeva dIkSita siddhAntakaumudI kI vyAkhyA meM likhatA hai'tAni cemAni sUtrANi zAkaTAyanamunipraNItAni, na tu pANininA praNItAni / ' bAlamanoramA bhAga 4, pRSTha 138 (lAhora saM0) / ina uddharaNoM se spaSTa hai ki uparyukta granthakAra paJcapAdI uNAdi sUtroM ko zAkaTAyana-prokta mAnate haiM / katipaya prAcIna granthakAra aise bhI haiM, jo paJcapAdI unnaadisuutroN| ko pANinIya mAnate haiM / yathA 1-prakriyAsarvasvakAra nArAyaNa bhaTTa uNAdi-prakaraNa meM likhatA hai po 25

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210 saMskRta-vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa prakAraM mukurasyAdau ukAraM dardurasya ca / babhANa pANinistau tu vyatyeyenAha bhojarAT / / arthAt-pANini 'mukura' zabda ke Adi meM prakAra (==makura) aura 'dardura' zabda ke Adi meM ukAra (=durdura) kahatA hai, aura 5 bhojarAT isase ulaTA (=mukura-dardu ra) mAnatA hai| ___ nArAyaNa bhaTTa ne yaha paMkti paJcapAdI ke makuradurdurau (1 / 40; pRSTha 10) sUtra kI vyAkhyA meM likhI hai| isase spaSTa hai ki nArAyaNa bhaTTa isa pATha ko pANinIya mAnatA hai| / 2-zizupAlavadha kA racayitA mAgha kavi likhatA hai 'nipAtitasuhRtsvAmipitRvyabhrAtRmAtulam / pANinIyamivAloci dhIraistatsamarAjiram // ' 19175 // isa zloka meM suhRt svAmI pitRvya bhrAtR mAtula zabda pANini dvArA nipAtita haiM, aisA saMketa kiyA hai / ina zabdoM meM 'bhrAtR' zabda uNAdisUtroM meM nipAtita hai| isase spaSTa hai ki mAgha kavi kisI 15 uNAdipATha ko pANiniprokta mAnatA hai| zizupAlavadha ke prAcIna TIkAkAra ballabhadeva ne jo uNAdisUtra uddhRta kiyA hai, vaha paJcapAdI sUtroM ke katipaya pAThoM ke anukUla hai| ballabhadeva kI TIkA kA jo pATha kAzI se chapI hai, vaha paryApta bhraSTa hai| isa zloka kI vyAkhyA meM 'bhrAtR' zabda ke nipAtana ko batAne ke lie jo uNAdisatra 20 uddhRta hai, usameM 'bhrAtR' zabda kA hI prabhAva hai| 3-paJcapAdI uNAdisUtroM ke vyAkhyAtA svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI inheM pANinIya mAnate haiM / yathA___ ka-vaha aSTAdhyAyI, dhAtupATha AdigaNa ( ? uNAdigaNa ) zikSA aura prAtipadikagaNa yaha pAMca pustaka pANini munikRt......|' kha-pANini muni racita uNAdi gaNasUtra pramANa hanikuSinI- rmi.....| 1. RSi dayAnanda ke patra aura vijJApana, bhAga 1, pRSTha 35, paM 2 (ta. saMska0 ) / 2. RSi dayAnanda ke patra aura vijJApana, bhAga 1, pRSTha 54, paM08 30 (tR0 saMska0 )

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uNAdi-sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA ga-pANini bar3e vidvAn vaiyAkaraNa ho gaye |...''in mahAmuni ne pAMca pustakeM banAI- 1 zikSA, 2 uNAdigaNa, 3 dhAtupATha, 4 prAtipadikagaNa, 5 assttaadhyaayii|' zAkaTAyana-prokta mAnane meM bhrAnti kA kAraNa kaiyaTa, zvetavanavAsI, nAgeza bhaTTa aura vAsudeva prabhRti vaiyAkaraNoM 5 kA paJcapAdI uNAdisUtroM ko zAkaTAyana-prokta mAnanA bhrAntimUlaka hai / isa bhrAnti kA kAraNa mahAbhASya 3 / 3 / 1 kA vyAkaraNe zakaTasya ca tokam / vaiyAkaraNAnAM ca zAkaTAyana prAha dhAtujaM nAmeti vacana hai| isa vacana meM pataJjali ne kevala itanA hI saMketa kiyA hai ki vaiyAkaraNoM meM zAkaTAyana sampUrNa nAma zabdoM ko dhAtuja mAnatA hai| 10 isa saMketa se yaha kaise sUcita ho gayA ki kRvApA Adi paJcapAdI uNAdisUtra zAkaTAyana prokta haiM, yaha hamArI samajha meM nahIM paataa| bhASyakAra dvArA saMketita zAkaTAyana mata 'sampUrNa nAma dhAtuja haiM' yAskIya nirukta (1 / 12) meM bhI smRta hai| dazapAdI pATha kA pravaktA * dazapAdI pATha kA pravaktA kauna hai ? yaha abhI taka nizcita rUpa se ajJAta haiM / prakriyAkaumudI ke vyAkhyAtA viTThala ne uNAdi prakaraNa meM dazapAdI uNAdipATha ko vyAkhyA kI hai, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiN| pANinIya vyAkaraNa kA AzrayaNa karanevAle katipaya vaiyAkaraNoM ne isa para vattiyAM bhI likhI haiN| isake atirikta isake pANinIyatva 1. meM nimna hetu bhI upasthita kiye jA sakate haiM 1. R0 80 saM0 ke zAstrArtha aura pravacana, pUnA kA 10 vAM pravacana, pRSTha 387, paM0 19-20 (rAlAkaTra sNsk0)| 2. mANikyadeva viracita dazapAdI pATha kI prAcIna vRtti kA hamane sampAdana kiyA hai / yaha vRtti rAjakIya saMskRta mahAvidyAlaya (saM0 saM0 vi0 vi0) 25 vArANasI kI 'sarasvatIbhavana granthamAlA' meM chapI hai (isa saMskaraNa ke chapane taka vRttikAra kA nAma saMdigdha hone se nahIM chApA gyaa)| isakI dUsarI vRtti hamAre pAsa hastalikhita rUpa meM vidyamAna hai|

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5 212 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 1 - mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali ne hayavaraT pratyAhAra sUtra eka prAcIna sUtra uddhRta kiyA hai'jIveradAnuk' - jIradAnu! / ' ke bhASya 20 mahAbhASyakAra dvArA uddhRta 'jIveradAnuk' sUtra dazapAdI pATha (1 / 163) meM hI upalabdha hotA hai, paJcapAdI pATha meM nahIM hai / isa sUtra ko kAzikAkAra ne bhI 6 / 1 / 66 ko vRtti meM uddhRta kiyA hai / 2 - pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke aneka vyAkhyAtAoM ne dazapAdI sUtroM ko apane granthoM meM uddhRta kiyA hai / yathA ka - vAmana ne kAzikAvRtti 6 / 2 / 43 meM yUpa zabda ke lie kusu10 yubhyazca sUtra uddhRta kiyA hai / yaha pATha dazapAdI 7 / 5 meM ho upalabdha hotA hai / ' paJcapAdI meM pAThabheda hai / kha - haradatta mizra ne kAzikA 7 4 48 meM vArtika ke uSas zabda kI siddhi ke liye vaseH kit sUtra uddhRta kiyA hai / " yaha pATha dazapAdI 64 meM hI milatA hai / paJcapAdI meM uSa: kit ( 41239 ) 15 pATha hai / 1 3 - pANinIya dhAtupATha ke vyAkhyAtA kSIrasvAmI ne apanI kSIrataraGgiNI meM jo uNAdisUtra uddhRta kiye haiM, unakI paJcapAdI aura dazapAdI ke pAThoM kI tulanA karane se vidita hotA hai ki kSIrasvAmI uNAdisUtroM ke dazapAdI pATha ko svIkAra karatA hai| usake dazapAdI ke pATha bhI hamAre dvArA sampAdita dazapAdI ke ka-hastalekha nukUla haiM / 1. kahIM kahIM 'jIveradAnuH' pAThAntara bhI hai / parantu mahAbhASya 6 | 1|66 ke pATha se vidita hotA hai ki 'jIveradAnuk' pATha hI prAmANika hai| vahAM 'jIva' dhAtu ko 'UTh ' kI prApti darzAI hai| vaha prApti pratyaya ke kita hone para hI sambhava hai / 25 2. tulanA karo - dazapAdyAM tu 'kusuyubhyazca' iti pAThaH / prauDhamanoramA pRSTha 775 / 3. tulanA karo - dazapAdyAM tu 'vase: kit' iti pATha: / prauDhamanoramA pRSTha 805 /

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e uNAdi-sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 213 4-pANinIya vyAkaraNa kA AzrayaNa karanevAle aneka granthakAroM ne katipaya aise sUtra uddhRta kiye haiM, jo dazapAdI meM hI milate haiM / yathA ka--devarAja yajvA ne 'zAkhA' pada ke nirvacana ke prasaGga meM nimna sUtra uddhRta kiyA hai 'vRkSAvayavAcca / ' nighaNTuTIkA 2 / 5 / 16, pRSTha 198 / yaha pATha dazapAdI ke vRkSAvayava A ca (3156) kA hI lekhakapramAdajanya pATha hai / anyatra yaha sUtra kahIM upalabdha nahIM hotaa| kha-'nahuSa' pada ke vyAkhyAna meM devarAja likhatA hai'akArAntamidaM nAma keSucit kozeSu, tadA 'RhanibhyAmuSan' 10 ityuSan pratyayaH / ' nighaNTuTIkA 2 / 3 / 6, pRSTha 180 / uNAdisUtra kA yaha pATha dazapAdI 6 / 13 meM upalabdha hotA hai| paJcapAdI 478 meM pulibhyAmuSan pATha hai| ga-amarakoSa ke vyAkhyAkAra kSIrasvAmI, sarvAnanda, bhAnujidokSita prabhRti ne 'anaDvAn' pada ke nirvacana (amara 2 / 6 / 60) meM 15 - jo sUtra uddhRta kiyA hai, vaha isa prakAra hai ____ 'anasi vaheH kibanaso Dazca / ' yaha sUtra kevala dazapAdI pATha meM hI milatA hai| vahAM isakA pATha vaheH kvibanaso Dazca (107) hai| nyAsa 6 / 11158 (bhAga 2, pRSTha 298) padamaJjarI 6 / 1 / 158 (bhAga 2, pRSTha 503) meM bhI yaha sUtra 20 uddhRta hai / vahAM isakA pATha anasi vaheH kviba DazcAnasaH hai| amarakoSa kI TIkAoM, nyAsa tathA padamaJjarI meM uddhRta pATha sambhava hai arthAnuvAda rUpa hoN| parantu ina pAThoM kA mUla dazapAdI uNAdisUtra hI hai, yaha spaSTa hai / kyoMki yaha sUtra paJcapAdI meM kisI rUpa meM bhI upalabdha nahIM hotaa| 5-dazapAdI pATha meM ikArAnta se praukArAnta paryanta zabdoM ke sAdhaka sUtroM kA pATha karake prakAra viziSTa kAnta se lekara hAnta zabdoM ke sAdhaka sUtroM kA pATha milatA hai| yaha antyavarNAnusArI saMkalana prakAra pANinIya liGgAnuzAsana meM bhI kopadhaH (sUtra 60)

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214 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa TopadhaH (sUtra 63) NopadhaH (sUtra 66) yopadhaH (sUtra 66) Adi meM upalabdha hotA hai| 6-pANini aSTAdhyAyI meM jina pratyayoM kA dhAtumAtra se vidhAna mAnatA hai, vahAM 'sarvadhAtu' zabda kA nirdeza na karake kevala pratyayamAtra 5 kA nirdeza karatA hai / yathA-- NvulatRcau / 3 / 11133 // tRn / 3 / 2 / 135 // luG / 3 / 2 / 110 / vartamAne laT / 3 / 2 / 123 // isI prakAra dazapAdI uNAdipATha meM bhI jo pratyaya dhAtumAtra se iSTa haiM, unameM kevala pratyayamAtra kA nirdeza milatA hai / yathAin / 1146 // STran / 876 // asun / 6 / 46 // manin / 673 // paJcapAdI ke ujjvaladatta, bhaTToji dIkSita prabhRti vaiyAkaraNoM dvArA samAdRta pATha meM ina pratyayoM ke prasaGga meM sarvatra 'sarvadhAtumyaH' zabda kA nirdeza upalabdha hotA hai / yathA15 sarvadhAtubhya in / 4 / 117 // ' sarvadhAtubhyaH STran / 4 / 158 // ' sarvadhAtubhyo'sun / 4 / 188 // ' sarvadhAtubhyo manin / 4 / 144 // ' bhaTToji dIkSita ne uparyukta paJcapAdI sUtroM kI vyAkhyA karate hue sarvadhAtubhyaH pada ko prakSipta tathA vyartha kahA hai|' uparyukta pramANoM se pratIta hotA haiM ki upari nirdiSTa granthakAra 20 dazapAdI pATha ko pANinIya mAnate haiN| dazapAdI pATha ko pANinIya na mAnane meM eka yukti dI jA sakatI hai, vaha yaha hai ki pANini ne uNAdayo bahulam (3 / 3 / 1) sUtra meM uN pratyaya ke sAtha Adi pada kA saMyoga kiyA hai| dazapAdI meM ani pratyaya prArambha meM hai, uNa pratyaya kA nirdeza prathama pAda ke 25 assIveM sUtra meM milatA hai / paJcapAdo meM uN pratyaya prathama sUtra meM hI paThita hai| . isa kathana kA yaha samAdhAna ho sakatA hai ki pANini ne apane kaI sUtroM meM prAdi pada ko prakAravAcI mAnA hai| bhagavAn pataJjali 1. yaha sUtra saMkhyA ujjvaladattIya vRtti ke kalakatA saMskaraNa ke anusAra 30 hai| 2. draSTavya-prauDhamanoramA, pRSTha 766, 800 /

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uNAdi sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 215 ne bhI bhUvAdayo dhAtava: ( 1 3 | 1 ) sUtra meM pakSAntara meM vA pada ke sAtha saMyojita Adi pada ko prakAravAcI kahA hai / aisI avasthA meM pUrva AcAryoM ke nirdezAnusAra uNAdayo bahulam sUtra par3hate hue Adi pada ko prakAravAcI mAnA jA sakatA hai / athavA yaha prAcIna AcAryoM kA sUtra ho aura pANini ne svIkAra kara liyA ho / ( dra0 bhAga 1, 5 pRSTha 246-252) / paJcapAdI uNAdisUtra pANinIya haiM athavA dazapAdI uNAdisUtra, isa viSaya meM hamArA vicAra isa prakAra hai --- hamane Apizali ke prakaraNa meM paJcapAdI uNAdisUtroM ke prApi - zaliprokta hone kI sambhAvanA meM jo yukti upasthita kI hai, usake 10 anusAra hamArA vicAra haiM ki paJcapAdI uNAdisUtra prApizali - prokta haiM, aura dazapAdI uNAdisUtra pANini prokt| vAstavikatA yaha hai ki paJcapAdI aura dazapAdI donoM uNAdipAThoM ke pravaktA nirjJAta haiM / pANinIya vaiyAkaraNoM dvArA donoM pAThoM kA zrAzrayaNa karane se donoM pAThoM ke pravAntara pAThoM tathA vRttikAroM 15 kA varNana hama yahIM karanA ucita samajhate haiM / paJcapAdI - uNAdipATha paJcapAdI kA mUla tripAdI - vartamAna paJcapAdI uNAdisUtroM meM do zailI upalabdha hotI haiN| eka zailI to yaha hai ki pUrva pAda ke anta kA aura uttarapAda ke Adi ke pratyaya bhinna-bhinna haiM / yathA - 20 prathama pAda ke anta meM kanin pratyaya, aura dvitIya pAda ke Arambha meM pratyaya hai / isI prakAra caturtha pAda ke anta meM kanasi pratyaya aura 3 paJcama pAda ke Arambha meM Dutac pratyaya hai| dUsarI zailI yaha hai ki pUrvapAda ke anta meM vartamAna pratyaya kA hI uttara pAda ke prathama sUtra meM sambandha rahatA hai / yathA - dvitIya pAda ke anta meM zrUyamANa dhvarac 25 pratyaya kA tRtIya pAda ke prathama sUtra meM, tathA tRtIyapAda ke anta meM dhUyamANa I pratyaya kA hI caturtha pAda ke prathama sUtra meM sambandha hai / prAcIna granthoM meM dvitIya zailI hI dekhI jAtI hai / nirukta meM eka pAda ke antargata khaNDa vibhAgoM meM dekhA jAtA hai ki pUrva khaNDastha viSaya ko pUrNa karake uttara khaNDa meM jisa bAta kA pratipAdana karanA 30

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216 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa hotA haiM, usakA prArambha pUrva khaNDa ke anta meM hI kara diyA jAtA hai| yathA--nirukta a0 1, khaNDa 1 kA antima pATha hai-- 'indriyanityaM vcnmaudumbraaynnH|' dvitIya khaNDa meM isI viSaya meM vivecanA kI hai| usakA prArambha 5 hotA hai 'tatra catuSTvaM nopapadyate yugapadutpannAnAm' Adi vAkya se| yahI zailI zatapatha meM bhI hai| vahAM bhI eka brAhmaNa antargata kaNDikAeM pUrvakaNDikA ke antima aura uttara kaNDikA ke Adi pATha se susaMbaddha haiN| 1. isa prAcIna zailI ke anusAra yadi paJcapAdI uNAdigaNa ke pAda-vibhAgoM para vica ra kiyA jAe, to pratIta hogA ki paJcapAdI pATha ke mala pATha meM tIna hI pAda the| pahalA pAda vartamAna dvitIya pAda para samApta hotA thA, aura dvitIya pAda vartamAna tRtIya pAda para / arthAt pUrvapATha ke prathama pAda meM vartamAna ke prathama-dvitIya pAda the, 15 dvitIya pAda meM vartamAna tRtIya pAda, aura tRtIya pAda meM vartamAna caturtha-paJcama pAda the| paJcapAdI ke avAntara pATha-paJcapAdI uNAdi kI jitanI bhI vRttiyAM samprati upalabdha haiM, unake sUtrapATha meM aneka prakAra ko viSamatAe haiN| kisI bhI vRtti kA sUtrapATha kisI dUsarI vRtti ke sUtrapATha ke sAtha pUrNatayA nahIM miltaa| sUtroM meM nyUnAdhikatA aura sUtragata pAThabhedoM kA bAhulya dekhane meM AtA hai| unakI sUkSmatA se vivecanA karane para jJAta hotA hai ki paJcapAdo ke malabhUta kaI pATha haiN| tIna prakAra ke mUla pATha-hamAre vicAra meM aSTAdhyAyI tathA 25 dhAtupATha ke samAna paJcapAdo uNAdipATha ke bho tIna pATha haiM-prAcya praudIcya aura daakssinnaaty| prAcya pATha-ujjvaladatta, bhaTToji dIkSita, svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI prabhUti ne jisa pATha para apanI vRttiyAM racI haiM, vaha mUlataH prAcya pATha hai| uNAdi kA yaha pATha aSTAdhyAyI aura dhAtUpATha ke

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2/28 uNAdi sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 217 sammAna bRhat pATha hai / dhAtumAtra se pratyaya - vidhAyaka sUtra meM sarvadhAtubhyaH isI pATha meM milatA hai / ' zraudIcya pATha - kisI praudIcya dezavAzI vaiyAkaraNa kI paJcapAdI pATha para vRtti upalabdha na hone se usake vAstavika svarUpa kA nirdhAraNa karanA kaThina hai| kazmIra dezavAsI kSIrasvAmo ne amara- 5 koza kI TIkA aura kSIrataraGgiNI meM jina uNAdisUtroM ko uddhRta kiyA hai, yadi ve dazapAdI ke na hoM, to unake AdhAra para paJcapAdI ke audIcya pATha kI kalpanA kI jA sakatI hai / dhAtupATha aura aSTAdhyAyI ke audIcya aura dAkSiNAtya pAThoM kI tulanA se itanA avazya jAnA jAtA hai ki ina pAThoM meM svalpa hI antara rahatA hai / dAkSiNAtya pATha - zvetavanavAsI tathA nArAyaNa bhaTTa prabhRti ne jisa paJcapAdI pATha para apanI vRttiyAM likhI haiM, vaha dAkSiNAtya pATha hai, kyoMki ye donoM vaiyAkaraNa dAkSiNAtya the / dAkSiNAtya pATha meM praudIcya pATha meM darzAyA huA sarvadhAtubhyaH aMza upalabdha nahIM hotA / 15 hAM. 'in' pratyaya vidhAyaka sUtra ( 4 126 zve0 128 nA0 ) meM sarvadhAtubhyaH pada milatA hai / parantu isameM bhI prAcya pATha se kucha vailakSaNya hai / prAcya pATha meM sarvadhAtubhya in pATha haiM, aura dAkSiNAtya maiM in sarvadhAtubhyaH / isa prakaraNa meM eka bAta aura vivecanIya hai, vaha hai donoM vRttiyoM meM in sarvadhAtubhyaH sUtra ke zrAge samAnarUpa se paThita pacipaThikA zivAzinandibhyaH in sUtra meM punaH in pratyaya kA nirdeza / isase pratIta hotA hai ki dAkSiNAtya pATha meM isa prakaraNa meM kucha pAThabhraMza avazya huA hai / 20 aba hama kAlakramAnusAra paJcapAdI uNAdipATha ke vyAkhyAkAroM kA varNana karate haiM-- 1. vAmana ne bhI kAzikA 7 26 meM 'sarvadhAtubhyaH STran' pATha uddhRta kiyA hai / kAzikAvRtti praSTAdhyAyI ke prAcya pATha para hai, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiM / ataH usake dvArA uNAdi ke prAcya pATha kA uddhRta honA svAbhAvika hai| nyAsakAra ne bhI prAcyapATha ko uddhRta kiyA hai / yathA - nyAsa 6 / 1 / 158 maiM 'sarvadhAtubhyo'sun' (bhAga 2, pRSTha 268 ) pATha hI milatA hai / 25 30

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5 118 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa paJcapAdI ke vyAkhyAkAra 1-bhASyakAra (prajJAta kAla) ujjvaladatta ne apanI uNAdivRtti meM kisI ajJAta nAma, vaiyAkaraNa dvArA paJcapAdI pATha para likhe gaye bhASya nAmaka vyAkhyA grama kA do sthAnoM para nirdeza kiyA hai / yathA- .. 1- 'igupadhAt kiriti pramAda paatthH| svare vizeSAditi bhASyam / ' 4 / 116 pRSTha 175 / 2-"iha ika iti vaktavye 'acaH' iti vacanaM sandhyakSarAdapyAcArakvibantAd yathA syAditi bhASyam / " 4 / 138, pRSTha 181 / isa grantha vA granthakAra ke viSaya meM hama isase adhika kucha nahIM jaante| 10 2-govadhana (saM0 1200 vi0 se pUrva) govardhana nAma ke vaiyAkaraNa ne uNAdisUtroM para eka vRtti likhI thii| isa vRtti ke uddharaNa sarvAnanda kRta amaraTIkAsarvasva, ujjvala15 datta racita uNAdivRtti, bhaTToji dIkSita likhita prauDhamanoramA Adi aneka grantha meM milate haiN| * paricaya-govardhana ne prAryAzaptazatI meM apanA kucha varNana kiyA hai| tadanusAra isake pitA kA nAma nIlAmbara athavA saMkarSaNa thaa| isake sahodara kA nAma balabhadra aura ziSya kA nAma udayana thaa| yaha 20 baGgAla ke rAjA lakSmaNasena kA sabhya thA 'govardhanazca zaraNo jayadeva umApatiH / kavirAjazca ratnAni samitI lakSmaNasenasya // ' kAla-AryAsaptazatI tathA pUrvanirdiSTa zloka se yaha spaSTa hai ki govardhana mahArAja lakSmaNasena kA samakAlika hai| lakSmaNasena ke kAla ke viSaya meM aitihAsikoM meM mata-bheda hai| zrI paM0 bhagavadRtta jI ne vaidika vAGamaya ke itihAsa ke 'vedoM ke bhASyakAra' nAmaka bhAga ke pRSTha 105 para lakSmaNasena kA rAjyakAla vi. saM0 1227-1257

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uNAdi-sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 219 mAnA hai / kItha ke saMskRta sAhitya ke itihAsa (hindI anuvAda) ke pRSTha 230 ke TippaNa meM I0 san 1175-1200 arthAt vi0 saM0 1232-1257 likhA hai| _ 'saMsAra ke saMvata' grantha ke lekhaka jaganalAla gupta ne sena saMvat ke prArambha hone kA jo vivaraNa prastuta kiyA gayA hai, tadanusAra- 5 kolabra ka ke mata meM I0 san 1104, vi0 saM0 1161 rAjendralAla , , , 1108, // 1165 kaniMghama , , , , , , " bukAnana ,, ,, , 1106, 1166 kIlahAna ", " " " " , 10 vibhinna lekhakoM ne vibhinna kAla sena-saMvat prArambha hone ke mAne haiN| isalie isa AdhAra para govardhana kA kAla nizcita karanA pratyanta kaThina haiM / sthUla rUpa se itanA hI kahA jA sakatA hai ki govardhana kA kAla vi0 saM0 1161 se lekara 1257 ke madhya hai| - pranyakAroM kA sAkSya-sarvAnanda ne amarakoSa para TIkAsarvasva 15 kA praNayana vi0 saM0 1216 (zaka0 1081) meM kiyA thaa|' sarvAnanda ne isameM puruSottamadeva ko nAmanirdezapUrvaka uddhRta kiyA hai|' puruSottamadeva ne bhASAvRtti meM govardhana ko tAtkAlika vaiyAkaraNoM meM zreSTha kahA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki govardhana puruSottamadeva kA samakAlika athavA kucha pUrvavartI hai| isa uddharaNa paramparA se itanA 20 nizcita rUpa se kahA jA sakatA hai ki govardhana ne uNAdivRtti vi0 saM0 1200 ke lagabhaga athavA usase kucha pUrva likhI hogii| govardhana kA vaiduSya-govardhana kA lakSmaNasena ke sabhAratnoM meM ullekha honA hI usake viziSTa pANDitya kA dyotaka hai| puruSottamadeva ne bhASAvRtti 1 / 4 / 87 meM upagovardhanaM vaiyAkaraNAH dvArA govardhana 25 [ko tAtkAlika vaiyAkaraNoM meM zreSTha batAyA hai| subhUticandra (?) ne 1. amaraTIkAsarvasva 124 // 21 // : 2. amaraTIkAsarvasva, bhAga 2, pRSTha 277 / 3. upagovardhanaM vaiyaakrnnaa:|

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220 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa amaraTIkA meM govardhana ko pArAyaNa-parAyaNa kahA hai|' yataH govardhana baMga prAntIya hai, ataH usakI TIkA paJcapAdI ke prAcya pATha para thI, yaha nizcita rUpa se kahA jA sakatA hai| yaha vRtti samprati anupalabdha hai| 3. dAmodara (saM0 1200 vi0 se pUrva) vaiyAkaraNa dAmodara ne uNAdipATha para koI vRtti grantha likhA thaa| subhUticandra' (?) kI amaraTIkA ke nimna uddharaNa se vyakta hotA hai___'yattu vidyAzIlaH aptivighau divibhujibhyAM vizva (tu04|237) 10 iti paThitvA vizve' iti saptamyA aluki dIvyaterasi vizvedevAH iti sAntamudAjahAra sa tasya viparyastadRzordoSeNa hastAmaNaM, tatrava pArAyaNa-parAyaNairgovardhana-dAmodara-puruSottamAdibhiH vidibhajibhyAM vizva iti vRtti paThitvA vizvaM vetti vizvavedAH iti, 'pAzupraSIti' ( 1 / 151 ) kvavidhau vizvaM jagat vizvedevA ityudAhRtvAt / ' 15 hastalekha pRSTha 18 / __isa uddharaNa se spaSTa hai ki dAmodara ne uNAdipATha para koI vRtti grantha avazya racA thaa| dAmodara nAma ke aneka vyakti saMskRta vAG maya meM prasiddha haiN| bhASAvRtti ke vyAkhyAtA sRSTigharAcArya ne 5 / 11100 kI vyAkhyA meM 20 likhA hai 1. tatraiva pArAyaNa praaynnairgovrdhn-daamodr-purussotmaadibhi-.........| hastalekha pRSTha 18 / pUrA uddharaNa Age damodara ke prakaraNa meM dekhie| 2. hamane apanI kApI meM Age udhriyamANa uddharaNa ke sAtha 'subhUticandra ? kI amaraTIkA' aisA praznAtmaka cihna de rakhA hai| ataH hameM isa nAma meM 25 sandeha hai| 3. yaha pramANa hamane kisI traimAsika jarnala se liyA thA, parantu usakA nAma aura prakAzana kAla likhanA pramAdavaza raha gyaa|

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uNAdisUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 221 ' tathA ca iha mUrdhanyAnta eva dAmodarasenasya zAbdikasihatvAt / isa ullekha se vidita hotA hai ki isa uNAdivRttikAra kA pUrA nAma dAmodarasena thA / 5. kAla - ukta amarIkA kA kAla vi0 saM0 1531 hai / sRSTidhara kA kAla bhI vikrama kI 15vIM zatI hai| dAmodara ko ujjvaladatta ne bhI uNAdivRtti meM smaraNa kiyA hai / uNAdivRtti ke prArambha meM upAdhyAyasarvasva kA bhI nirdeza kiyA hai / sarvAnanda ke nirdezAnusAra upAdhyAya sarvasva dAmodara viracita hai|" subhUticandra ( ? ) ne dAmodara kA nirdeza govardhana aura puruSottamadeva ke madhya meM kiyA hai / isase spaSTa hai ki vaha inakA samakAlika hai / eka dAmodarasena Ayurveda kA prasiddha vidvAn hai / usakA kAla vikrama kI 12vIM zatI mAnA jAtA hai / hamAre vicAra meM yahI dAmo - M darasena upAdhyAya - sarvasva aura uNAdivRtti kA racayitA hai| ataH dAmodara kA kAla nizcaya hI vi0 saM0 1200 ke lagabhaga athavA usase kucha pUrva hai / dAmodara baMgavAsI hai / ata: usakI uNAdivRtti prAcyapATha para thI, yaha nizcita rUpa se kahA jA sakatA hai / 10 1. puruSottamaviracita paribhASAvRtti Adi ke upodghAta meM pRSTha 21 para dinezacandra bhaTTAcArya dvArA uddhRta / 4 - puruSottamadeva (saM0 1200 vi0 ) puruSottamadeva ne uNAdipATha para eka vRtti likhI thI / ujjvaladatta ne isa vRtti ke aneka uddharaNa apanI uNAdivRtti meM devavRtti ke 20 15 4. tathA ca vAho vizvabhujayoH pumAn iti dAmodaraH / pRSTha 14 / 5. upAdhyAyasya sarvasvam.... ...... / dvitIya zloka / 6. etaccopAdhyAya sarvasve dAmodareNoktam | bhAga 2 pRSTha 167 / 2. senAnIvadanagrahAgnividhubhi: ( 1366 ) zAke mite hAyane, zukra mAsyasite dinAdhipatitithau saure'hni madhyandine / 3. dra0 saM0 vyA0 zAstra kA itihAsa, bhAga 1 ( bhASAvRtti vyAkhyAtA 25 sRSTighara' prakaraNa /

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222 saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa nAma se uddhRta kie haiM / ' zaraNadeva ne durghaTavRtti meM spaSTa rUpa se puruSottamadeva ke nAma se usakI uNAdivRtti kI proya saMketa kiyA hai / " 10 puruSottamadeva ke kAla ke viSaya meM isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM pRSTha 429 ( ca0 saM0) para vistAra se likha cuke haiN| isa viSaya meM pAThaka vahI dekheM / vAcaspati gairolA ne apane 'saMskRta sAhitya kA itihAsa' grantha meM pRSTha 781 para puruSottamadeva kA kAla 7vIM zatI I0 likhA hai, vaha sarvathA cintya hai / 5 - sUtI vRttikAra ( vi0 saM0 1200 ) ujjvaladatta ne uNAdisUtra 3 / 140 kI vRtti meM likhA hai'sUtramitraM sUtIvRttau devavRttau ca na dRzyate / ' pRSTha 138 / arthAt -sUtIvRtti aura deva ( puruSottamadeva ) kI vRtti meM doGo nuT ca sUtra nahIM hai / yahAM paJcapAdI sUtra ke viSaya meM, aura vaha bhI paJcapAdI - vRttikAra puruSottamadeva kI devavRtti ke sAtha nirdiSTa hone se ujjvaladatta 15 dvArA nirdiSTa sUtovRtti paJcapAdI pATha para hI thI, yaha nizcita hai | isa vRtti aura isake lekhaka ke viSaya se hama isase adhika kucha nahIM jAnate / 100 6 - ujjvaladaca (13vIM zatI vi0 kA Arambha ) 65 ujjvaladatta ne paJcarAdI uNAdipATha para eka vistRta vRtti 20 likhI haiM / yaha vRtti samprati upalabdha haiN| thoDera grAphekTa ne isa vRtti kA prathamataH sampAdana kiyA thA / paricaya - ujjvaladatta ne apanA kucha bhI paricaya nahIM diyA / 1. pRSTha 128, 132, 138, 217, kalakattA saMskaraNa / 2. puruSotama devastu lAjyAhAmya:' ( tu0 u0 4 / 51 ) ityatra 25 mlevAtumapi paThati / durghaTavRtti, pRSTha 68 /

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gaNapATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 223 ataH usakA vaMza, deza, kAla Adi saba ajJAta hai| hAM, vRtti ke pratyeka pAda ke anta meM jo pATha upalabdha hotA hai, usase vidita hotA hai ki ujjvaladatta kA apara nAma jAjali thA / ' ....... bhaNDArakara prAcyavidyA zodha saMsthAna pUnA ke vyAkaraNaviSayaka hastalekhoM ke san 1938 meM mudrita sUcIpatra meM saMkhyA 267-273 taka 7 hastalekha haiM / inameM saMkhyA 267, 268 meM 'jAjali ke sthAna meM kramaza: 'jejali' 'jejili tathA saMkhyA 266 meM jejalIya pATha milatA hai / saMkhyA 273 meM 'zrImahAmahopAdhyAya nAgadeva ujjvaladattaviracitAyA pATha upalabdha hotA hai| isa hastalekha ke viSaya meM sUcIpatra meM likhA hai ki isa meM pRSThamAtrA kA prayoga hai / isa ke 10 AvaraNa patra para kIlahArna kI TippaNI hai - yaha 'ujjvaladatta kA grantha nahIM hai, usase saMgRhIta hai|' isa hastalekha ke anta meM nirdiSTa 'nAgadeva' nAma kA samAveza kaise huA yaha vicAraNIya hai / ho sakatA hai ujjvaladattIya vRtti kA yaha saMkSepaka ho / bhAvI lekhakoM ko isa hastalekha ko avazya dekhanA cAhiye / deza - yadyapi ujjvaladatta ne apane nivAsa sthAna kA ullekha nahIM kiyA tathApi usakI uNAdivRtti ke eka pATha se jJAta hotA hai ki vaha baMgAla kA nivAsI thA / vaha isa prakAra hai 15 ujjvaladatta ne valerguk ca ( 1 / 20 ) sUtra kI vyAkhyA meM vakArAdi valgu zabda ko bakArAdi samajha kara vala saMvaraNe dhAtu ke sthAna para 20 bakArAdi bala prANane dhAtu kA nirdeza karake bakArAdi balgu zabda kI niSpatti darzAI hai / yaha bhUla bakAra vakAra ke samAna uccAraNa ke kAraNa huI hai| bakAra kAra kA samAna uccAraNa-doSa baMgavAsiyoM meM cirakAla se calA A rahA hai / 1. iti mahAmahopAdhyAyajAjalItyaparanAmadheya zrImadujjvala de tu viracitA- 25 yAmuNAdivRttI prathamaH pAdaH / 2. yattu ujjvaladattena sUtre pavargAdi paThitvA bala prANanaH ityupanyasta tallakSyavirodhAdupekSyam, 'ayaM nAbhA vadati valgu vo gRhe' (R0 1016214) ityAdau dantoSThcapAThasya nivivAdatvAt / prauDhamanoramA, 14 741

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224 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa -kAla-ujjvaladatta kA kAla atyanta sandigdha hai| sAmpratika aitihAsika vidvAna usakA kAla prAyaH IsA kI 13vIM 14vIM zato mAnate haiN| hamAre vicAra meM ujjvaladatta kA kAla vikrama kI 13voM zatI ke pUrvArdha se uttaravartI kisI prakAra nahIM hai / ataH hama ujjvala5 datta ke kAla-nirNAyaka sabhI pramANa nIce saMgRhota karate haiM 1-sAyaNa ne mAdhavIyA dhAtuvRtti meM ujjvaladatta kA nAmanirdeza pUrvaka ullekha kiyA hai| sAyaNa kA kAla vi0 saM0 13721444 nizcita hai| 2-ujjvaladatta ne uNAdivRtti 1101 meM medinI koSa ke 10 racayitA medinIkara kA nAmollekha pUrvaka nirdeza kiyA hai| medinI koSa kA kAla vikrama kI 14vIM zatI mAnA jAtA hai| ataH usase yaha uttaravartI hai| medinI koSa kA kAla-vastutaH ujjvaladatta kA kAla medinI koSa ke kAla para pradhAna rUpa se avalambita hai / ataH hama usake kAla 15 kA nirNaya karate haiM ___ ka-saM0 1400 vi0 ke samIpavartI padmanAbhadatta ne bhUriprayoga koSa meM medinI koSa kA ullekha kiyA hai| kha -mallinAtha ne mAgha kAvya ke 2165 kI TIkA meM 'ina: patyau napArkayoH iti medinI' pATha uddhRta kiyA hai| aitihAsika malli20 nAtha kA kAla vikrama kI caudahavIM zatI mAnate haiN| yaha cintya hai| haimabRhadvRttyavacUNi meM pRSTha 154 para mallinAtha kRta tantrodyota apara 1. puruSottamadeva bhASAvRtti, bhUmikA, pRSTha 20 meM dinezacandra / 2. RndrAgra (u0 2 / 28) iti sUtre varNazabdasya pATho'nArSaH 'kRvRjasidrupatya misvapimyo nit (u0 3 / 10) iti napratyayena siddhatvAdityujjvala25 dattaH / dhAtuvRtti pRSTha 316 / draSTavya-ujjvaladattIya uNAdivRtti 2 / 28, pRSTha 73 / 3. saMskRta sAhitya kA saMkSipta itihAsa, pRSTha 551-552 (I0 14vIM zataka puurv)| 4. vahI, pRSTha 552 / 5. vahI, pRSTha 552 (I0 1350) /

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2/26 uNAdi-sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 225 nAma nyAsodyota ko uddhRta kiyA hai|' haiMmabRhadvRttyavacUNi kA lekhana-kAla vi0 saM0 1264 hai| ataH mallinAtha kA kAla saM0 1250 vi0 ke lagabhaga hogA, aura medinI koSa kA kAla usase bhI pUrva mAnanA pdd'egaa| ____ga-kalpadruma korSa kI bhUmikA meM maMkha kI TIkA meM medinI ke 5 ullekha kA nirdeza hai| maMkha kA kAla vikrama kI 12vIM zatI kA uttarArdha hai / 'saMskRta sAhitya kA saMkSipta itihAsa' ke lekhaka paM0 sItArAma jayarAma jozI ne likhA hai ki kalpadruma koSa kI bhUmikA meM nirdiSTaM 'kamiti prakRtya mastake ca sukhe'pi ceti avyayaprakaraNe mediniH|' 10 vacana medinI koSa meM upalabdha nahIM hotaa| ataH pramANa sandigdha hai| hamAre vicAra meM paM0 sItArAma kA kathana yukta nahIM hai| ukta uddharaNa meM avyaya-prakaraNe spaSTa likhA hai| medinI koSa meM avyaya prakaraNa hai| usameM 'kam' kA nirdeza mAnta meM vidyamAna hai| ataH maMkha ne ukta uddharaNa medinI koza se hI liyA hai, yaha spaSTa hai| 15 isa prakAra medinIkAra kA kAla vikrama kI 12vIM zatI ke uttarArdha se pUrva nirdhArita hotA hai / isalie medinI kA nirdeza hone mAtra se ujjvaladatta kA kAla 14 vIM zatI athavA usase pazcAt nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| 3-ujjvaladatta uNAdivRtti meM do sthAnoM para durghaTe rakSita: 20 (1157;3 / 160) likha kara durghaTavRtti kA nirdeza karatA hai / zaraNadeva ne durghaTavRtti saM0 1226 vi0 meM likhI thii| ata: ujjvaladatta kA samaya saM0 1226 vi0 se uttaravartI honA caahie| vastutaH yaha hetu bhI azuddha hai| ujjvaladatta dvArA uddhRta donoM 1. tantrodyotastu zatahAyanazabdasya kAlavAcakatvAbhAve / 2. saMvat 1264 varSe zrAvaNa zudi 3 ravI zrIjayAnandasUriziSyeNA'maracandreNA''tmayogyA'vacUNikAyAH prathama pustikA likhitA / pRSTha 207 / 3. saM0 sA0 kA saMkSipta itihAsa, pRSTha 552 / 4. saM0 sA0 kA saMkSipta itihAsa, pRSTha 552 / 5. kaM pAdapUraNe toye mastake ca sukhe'pi ca /

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226 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa durghaTapATha zaraNadeva rakSita tathA sarvarakSita dvArA saMskRta durghaTavRtti meM upalabdha nahIM hote / ujjvala datta ne apanI TIkA meM bahutra maMtreyarakSita ke pATha rakSita nAma se uddhata kie haiN| ataH durghaTe rakSitaH vAle pATha bhI maitreyarakSita ke haiM, zaraNadeva viracita durghaTavRti ke saMskartA sarvarakSita ke nahIM haiM / isalie ina uddharaNoM ke AdhAra para ujjvaladatta ko saM0 1226 vi0 se uttaravartI nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| 4-puruSakAra pRSTha 27 meM kRSNa lIlAzuka muni uNAdivattI' nirdezapUrvaka ujjvaladattIya vRtti 2 / 25 ke pATha kI ora saMketa karatA hai|' kRSNa lIlAzuka muni kA kAla saM01225-1350vi0 ke madhya hai|' ataH hamAre vicAra meM ujjvaladatta kA kAla vi0 saM0 1200 se uttaravartI nahIM ho sktaa| isameM eka hetu yaha bhI hai ki sarvAnanda dvArA saM0 1216 meM viracita amaraTIkAsavasva meM vinA nAma-nirdeza ke ujjavaladattIya uNAdivRtti smRta hai / donoM ke pATha isa prakAra haiM TIkAsarvasda-prajJAdyaNi cANDAla ityuNAdivRttiH / 2 / 10 / 16 // ujjvala-uNAdivRtti-prajJAditvAdaNi cANDAla ityapi / 11116 // vastutaH ujjvaladatta kI uNAdivRtti meM puruSottamadeva se arvAkkAlika koI bhI grantha athavA granthakAra uddhRta nahIM hai| isalie ujjvaladatta ne uNAdivatti kA praNayana puruSottamadeva ke granthapraNayana 2. aura TIkAsarvasva lekhana ke madhya kiyA hai| isalie ujjvaladatta kI uNAdivRtti kA sAmAnyatayA vi0 saM0 1200 ke Asa-pAsa hI mAnanA yukta hai| -- - 7-didyAzIla (vi0 saM0 1250 ke lagabhaga) hamane dAmodara viracita uNAdivRtti ke prasaGga meM amaraTIkA kA 25 jo pATha uddhRta kiyA hai usake 1. uNAdivRttau tu sautro'yaM dhAtuH / 2. dra0-saM. vyA. zA, kA itihAsa bhAga 1, 'bhojadevIya sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa' ke prakaraNa meM /

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uNAdi sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 227 'yattu didyAzIlaH pratividhau ' divibhujibhyAM vizve' iti paThitvA vizve iti saptamyA zraluki dIvyaterasi vizvedevAH iti sAntamudA jahAra ... pATha se pratIta hotA hai ki kisI didyAzIla nAma ke vaiyAkaraNa ne uNAdisUtroM para koI vRttigrantha likhA thA / kAla - jisa amarIkA meM yaha pATha uddhRta hai, usakA kAla vi0 saM0 1531 hai, yaha hama pUrva kaha cuke haiM / isalie didyAzIla vi0 saM0 1500 se pUrvavartI hai, itanA nizcita haiM / parantu hamArA yaha vicAra hai ki didyAzIla kA kAla vi0 saM0 1250 ke lagabhaga hogA / 8 - zvetavanavAsI (vi0 13 vIM zatI) zvetavanavAsI nAma ke vaiyAkaraNa ne paJcapAdI uNAdipATha para eka utkRSTa vRtti likhI hai / yaha vRtti madrAsa vizvavidyAlaya saMskRta granthamAlA meM prakAzita ho cukI hai / 10 15 paricaya - zvetavanavAsI ke pitA kA nAma AryabhaTTa thA / yaha dharmazAstra meM pAraGgata thA, aura gArgya gotra kA thA / zvetavanavAsI indugrAma samIpavartI grahAra ( brAhmaNa vasati ) ' kA nivAsI thA / isake pUrvaja uttara meru meM rahate the / ina saba bAtoM kA saMketa zvetavanavAsI ne svayaM kiyA hai / vaha likhatA hai - 'itIndugrAmasamIpavartya prahAra vAstavyena uttaramevaMbhijanena dharmazAstrapAragArya bhaTTasUnunA gAgryeNa zvetavanavAsinA viracitAyAmuNAdi- 20 vRttau prathamaH pAdaH / ' indu grAma kI sthiti ajJAta hai / isa vRtti ke sampAdaka TI0 prAra0 cintAmaNi ne uttara meru nAmaka grAma kI sthiti madrAsa prAnta 1. madrAsa prAnta meM 'agrahAra' zabda 'brAhmaNa- vasati' zabda ke liye prayukta hotA hai| 25 2. abhijana usa sthAna ko kahate haiM, jahAM pUrvajoM ne nivAsa kiyA ho / prabhijano nAma yatra pUrvairuSitam / mahA0 4 | 3|0||

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228 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ke caMgalapaTa nAmaka jile meM batAI hai|' isa vRtti ke hastalekha malAvAra prAnta se upalabdha hue haiN| sambhava hai indu grAma malAvAra prAnta meM, rahA ho / ' __kAla-zvetavanavAsI kA kAla ajJAta hai / isa vRtti ke sampAdaka 5 ne zvetavanavAsI kA kAla vikrama kI 11vIM zatI se lekara 17vIM zatI ke madhya sAmAnya rUpa se mAnA hai| hama isake kAla para vizeSa rUpa se vicAra karate haiM 1-saM0 1617 se 1733 vi0 taka vidyamAna nArAyaNabhaTTa ne prakriyA sarvasva ke uNAdi prakaraNa meM zvetavanavAsI kI. uNAdivRtti 10 ko nAmanirdeza ke vinA bahudhA uddhRta kiyA hai, isase spaSTa hai ki zvetavanavAsI vikrama kI 17vIM zatI se pUrvavartI hai / yaha zvetavanavAsI kI uttarasImA hai| 2- zvetavanavAsI ne apanI vyAkhyA meM jina granthakAroM ko uddhRta kiyA hai, unameM kaiyaTa aura bhaTTa halAyudha kA nAma bhI hai| bhaTTa 15 halAyudha ne abhidhAnaratnamAlA koSa likhA thaa| isI ke uddharaNa zvetavanavAsI ne pRSTha 127 tathA 214 para diye haiM / bhaTTa halAyudha kA kAla IsA kI 10vIM zatI mAnA jAtA hai| kItha ne abhidhAnaratnamAlA kA kAla san 650 mAnA hai| tadanusAra vikrama saM0 1000 ke Asa-pAsa halAyudha kA kAla hai| zvetavanavAsI ne kaiyaTa kA nirdeza 20 pRSTha 66, 168 tathA 204 para kiyA hai / kaiyaTa kA kAla sAmAnyatathA vi0 saM0 1100 se pUrva hai / yaha zvetavanavAsI kI pUrva sImA hai| 3- sAyaNa ne dhAtuvRtti meM eka pATha uddhRta kiyA hai'kuTAditvAt GittvAdeva kittvaphale siddha kidvacanaM tasyAnityatvajJApanArtham, tena dhuvateritrapratyaye pavitramiti guNo bhvtiityaahuH|' . 25 pRSTha 334 / yaha pATha zvetavanavAsI ke nimna pATha se milatA hai 1. zve0 u0 vRtti bhUmikA,. pRSTha 10 / 2. zve0 u0 vRtti bhUmikA, pRSTha 11 / 3. kItha kRta saMskRta sAhitya kA itihAsa, hindI anuvAda pRSTha 460.

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uNAdi-sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 226 'kuTAditvAnGittvenaiva guNAbhAve siddhe tasyAnityatvajJApanArtha punaH kittvavidhAnam, tena pavitramityatra guNo bhavati / ' pRSTha 152 / ina pAThoM kI tulanA se vidita hotA hai ki sAyaNa zvetavanavAsI ke uNAdivatti ke pATha ko hI nAma kA nirdeza na karate hue svalpa parivartana se uddhRta kara rahA hai / isalie zvetavanavAsI dhAtu- 5 vRtti ke racanAkAla (saM0 1415-1420) se pUrvavartI hai| 4-sarvAnanda ne amaraTIkA sarvasya meM likhA hai'kecittu prAtidezikaGittvasyAnityatvAd guNa eva, novaG iti manyante / ' bhAga 3, pRSTha 20 / sarvAnanda kI isa paMkti kA bhAva zvetavanavAsI kI uddhRta 10 paMkti se sarvathA abhinna hai| isalie yadi sarvAnanda ne yaha paMkti zvetavanavAsI kI uNAdivRtti ke AdhAra para likhI ho, to zvetavanavAsI ko vi0 saM0 1216 se pUrvavartI mAnanA hogaa| 6-zvetavanavAsI jahA~ bhI DudhAJ dhAtu ke artha kA nirdeza karatA hai, vahAM prAya: dAnadhAraNayoH pATha likhatA hai| kSIrasvAmI devarAja 15 yajvA skandasvAmI dazapAdivattikAra Adi prAcIna granthakAra DadhAtra kA dAnadhAraNayo: artha hI par3hate haiN|' niruktakAra ne bhI ratnadhAtamam pada kA artha ramaNIyAnAM dhanAnAM dAtRtamam hI kiyA hai| (sAyaNa ne dhAraNapoSaNayoH artha likhA hai) isa prakAra prAcIna artha kA nirdeza karanevAle vyakti ko bhI. 1300 zatI se prAcIna hI mAnanA yukta hai| 20 ina saba hetuoM ke AdhAra para hamArA vicAra hai ki zvetavanavAsI kA kAla vikrama kI bArahavIM zatAbdo hai / parantu 13 vIM zatI se arvAcIna to use kisI prakAra nahIM mAna sakate, yaha spaSTa hai| zvetavanavAsI kI vRtti uNAdisUtra ke dAkSiNAtya pATha para hai| zvetavanavAsI vatti ke do pATha-isa vRtti ke do pATha haiN| inakA 25 nirdeza sampAdaka ne A.B saMketoM se kiyA hai| nArAyaNa bhaTTa (uNA-. divRtti pRSTha 123) A pATha ko mUla mAna kara uddhRta karatA hai| 1. kSIrasvAmI-kSIrataraGgiNI 3 / 10, devarAjayajvA nighaNTuTIkA pRSTha 1266 skanda RgbhASya 11 // 1 // 2. nirukta 7 / 15 / /

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230 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa yadyapi A.B. pAThoM meM 4 / 146 taka bahuta antara nahIM hai, punarapi 41147 se anta taka donoM pAThoM meM mahadantara hai isa antara kA kAraNa mRgya hai| 9-bhaTThoji dIkSita (saM0 1570-1650 vi0) bhaTToja dokSita ne siddhontakaumudo ke antargata ugAdisUtroM kI saMkSipta vyAkhyA kI hai| yaha vyAkhyA prAcca pATha para hai| bhaTToji dIkSita ke dezakAla Adi ke viSaya meM hama isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM 'aSTAdhyAyI ke vatti kAra' prakaraNa meM vistAra se likha cuke haiN| TIkAkAra yataH bhaTToji dIkSita kI uNAdivyAkhyA siddhAntakaumudI kA ekadeza hai, isalie jina vidvAnoM ne siddhAntakaumudI para TIkA grantha likhe, unhoMne prasaGga prApta uNAdi-vyAkhyA para bhI TIkAeM kii| hamane isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM siddhAntakaumudI ke nimna TIkAkAroM kA 15 ullekha kiyA hai 1-bhaTToji dokSita 12-toppala dIkSita (prakAza) 2-jJAnendra sarasvatI 13-ajJAta kartRka (laghumanoramA) 3-nIlakaNTha vAjapeyI 14--,,, (zabdasAgara) 4 rAmAnanda 15-,, , (zabdarasArNava) 5-nAgeza bhaTTa 16-, , (sudhAJjana) 6-rAmakRSNa 17-lakSmInRsiMha 7--raGganAtha yajvA 18-zivarAmacandra sarasvatI 8-vAsudeva vAjapeyI 16-indradattopAdhyAya -kRSNamitra 20--sArasvata vyUr3hamizra 10-rAmacandra 21-ballabha 11-tirumala dvAdazAhayAjI ina saba TIkAkAroM ke dezakAla Adi ke paricaya ke lie isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM 'pANinIyavyAkaraNa ke prakriyA granthakAra' nAmaka 16 veM adhyAya meM siddhAntakaumudI ke vyAkhyAtA prakaraNa dekheN|

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uNAdi sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 231 inake atirikta jina lekhakoM ne dIkSitakRta praur3hamanoramA, nAgeza ke laghuzabdenduzekhara bRhatzabdenduzekhara prAdi para TIkAgrantha likhe, unhoMne bhI prasaMgataH uNAdi bhAga para kucha na kucha likhA hI hai / vistarabhiyA hamane unakA nirdeza nahIM kiyA / ina sabhI TIkAkA pradhAna prazraya bhaTToji dIkSita viracita prauDhamanoramA hai / uNAdisUtroM kI vyAkhyA tathA pATha bheda Adi ke lie prauDhamanoramA dekhane yogya hai / 10 - nArAyaNa bhaTTa (saM0 16117-1733 vi0 ke madhya ) nArAyaNa bhaTTa ne pANinIya vyAkaraNa para prakriyAsarvasva nAma kA eka grantha likhA hai| usake kRdanta prakaraNa meM uNAdisUtroM para bhI 10 saMkSipta vRtti likhI hai / isa vRtti meM nArAyaNa bhaTTa ne sthAna-sthAna para bhojadevadvArA vivRta prauNAdika zabdoM kA bhI saMgraha kiyA hai / yahI isakI vizeSatA hai| yaha vRtti uNAdi ke dAkSiNAtya pATha para hai / nArAyaNa bhaTTa ke dezakAla Adi ke viSaya meM hama isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke prakriyA granthakAra, nAmaka 16 veM zradhyAya meM likha cuke haiM / 15 TIkAkAra nArAyaNabhaTTa prakriyA sarvasva para jina vidvAnoM ne TokAeM likhIM, unhoMne prasaGga prApta uNAdivRtti kI bhI TIkAeM kIM / prakriyA sarvasva para likhI gaI tIna TIkAoM kA nirdeza hamane isa graMtha ke prathama bhAga 20 maiM kiyA hai| 11 - mahAdeva vedAntI (saM0 1720 - 1770 vi0 ) sAMkhya darzana ke vRttikAra mahAdeva vedAntI ne uNAdisUtroM para eka ladhvI vRtti likhI hai / hamane isakA eka hastalekha pahale pahala sarasvatI bhavana vArANasI ke saMgraha meM vi0 saM0 1990 meM dekhA thA / ' aba yaha vRtti DiyAra (madrAsa) se prakAzita ho cukI hai / 25 1. isakA ullekha hamane svasampAdita dazapAdI vRtti ke upoddhAta pRSTha 21 para kiyA hai|

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15 saMskRta-vyAkaraNa zAstra kA itihAsa paricaya - mahAdeva vedAntI kA ullekha vedAntI, mahAdeva, mahAdeva sarasvatI vedAntI ke nAma se bhI milatA hai / isake guru kA nAma svayaMprakAza sarasvatI hai / ' mahAdeva vedAntI ne zraddhaM tacintA kaustubha meM svayaMprakAzAnanda sarasvatI nAma likhA hai / tattvacandrikA meM sacciMdAnanda sarasvatI nAma milatA hai / 232 kAla - mahAdeva vedAntI ke kAla ke sambandha meM matabheda hai / ricarDa gArbe ne aniruddha vRtti ke upodghAta meM mahAdeva vedAntI kA kAla 1600 I0 (vi0 saM0 1657 ) mAnA hai / 'sAMkhyadarzana kA itihAsa' ke manasvI lekhaka zrI udayavIrajI zAstrI ne mahAdeva vedAntI kI sAMkhyavRtti kI praniruddhavRtti aura vijJAnabhikSu ke bhASya ke sAtha tulanA karake mahAdeva vedAntI ko aniruddha se uttaravartI, aura vijJAnabhikSu se pUrvavartI arthAt 13 vIM zatI meM mAnA hai / " 10 * 300 mahAdeva vedAntI ne viSNusahasranAma kI eka TIkA likhI hai / usameM TIkA likhane kA kAla isa prakAra ullikhita hai khabANamunibhUmAne vatsare zrImukhAbhidhe / mArgAta tRtIyAyAM nagare tApyalaMkRte // isa zloka ke anusAra viSNusahasranAma kI vyAkhyA kA kAla vi0 saM0 1750 hai / isa nizcita kAla ke parijJAta ho jAne para zrI zAstrIjI kA lekha ThIka pratIta nahIM hotA / 20 hamAre mitra paM0 rAmapravava pANDeya ( vArANasI ) kA vicAra hai ki mahAdeva vedAntI ke uNAdikoza para perusUri ke prauNAdika padArNava kA prabhAva hai / donoM ke granthoM kI 10% daza pratizata se adhika paMktiyAM milatI haiN| sina ( paM0 u0 3 / 2 ) zabda ke artha meM 25 mahAdeva ne perusUri kI kevala eka paMkti ( zlokArtha) ko uddhRta kiyA hai, 1. zrI matsvayaMprakAza trilabdhavedAntisatpadaH / viSNusahasranAmavyAkhyo / 2. iti zrImatparamahaMsaparivrAjakAcArya zrImatsvayaM prakAzAnandasarasvatI munivarya cUDAmaNiviracite tattvAnusaMdhAnavyAkhyAne advaitacintA kaustubhe caturthaH pari cchedraH samAptaH / 3. sAMkhya darzana kA itihAsa, pRSTha 313-316 //

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2/30 uNAdi-sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 233 aura AryA ko pUrA bhI nahIM kiyaa| isalie mahAdeva vedAntI perusUri se uttaravartI hai| ___ mahAdeva vedAntI kA kAla usakI viSNusahasranAma kI TIkA se prAyaH nizcita hai / isI prakAra perusUri kA kAla bhI prAyaH nizcita hai / perusUri ne apane guru kA nAma vAsudeva adhvarI likhA hai / vAsudeva adhvarI ne tukkojI ke rAjya-kAla meM bAlamanoramA vyAkhyA likhI hai| yaha vAsudeva adhvarI cola (tajaura) ke bhosalavaMzIya zAhajI, zarabhajo, tukkojI nAmaka tIna rAjAroM ke maMtrI sArvabhauma AnandarAya kA adhvarya thaa| ina tInoM kA rAjyakAla vi0saM01744-1763 taka mAnA jAtA hai, ataH vAsudeva adhvarI kA kAla sAmAnyataH vi0 saM0 1750-1800 taka mAnA jA sakatA hai / perusUri vAsudeva adhvarI kA ziSya hai / ataH isakA kAla saM 1750 se uttaravartI hogaa| aisI avasthA meM hameM mahAdeva vedAntI ko perusUri kA pUrvavartI mAnanA adhika ucita jaMcatA hai| aura mahAdeva vedAntI ke uNAdikoSa kA prabhAva perusUri ke proNAdikapadArNava para mAnanA par3atA hai| uNAdivRtti kA nAma-mahAdeva kI uNAdivRtti kA nAma nijaH vinodA hai| vaha likhatA haiM ityuNAdikoze nijavinodAbhidheye vedAntimahAdevaviracite paJcamaH pAdaH sampUrNaH / hamane mahAdeva vedAntI ke viSaya meM jo kucha likhA hai, vaha adhiH . kAMzataH zrI paM0 rAmaavadha pANDeya dvArA preSita nirdezoM para prAdhRta hai| uNAdikoza kA sampAdana-isa vRti kA jo saMskaraNa aDiyAra (madrAsa) se prakAzita huyA hai, usake sampAdaka vI. rAghavana hai| isa saMskaraNa meM bahutra pramAdajanya pAThabhraMza upalabdha hote haiN| isalie hamAre mitra paM0 rAmaavadha pANDeya ne anya kaI hastalekhoM ke sAhAyya / se isakA ati parizuddha saMskaraNa taiyAra kiyA hai / yaha abhI taka prakAzita nahIM ho paayaa| vAcaspati gairolA ko bhUla-vAcaspati gairolA ne 'saMskRta sAhitya kA itihAsa' grantha ke koza prakaraNa meM mahAdeva vedAntin viracita 'anAdikoza' kA ullekha kiyA hai (dra0--pRSTha 782) / isameM do 30 25

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234 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa bhUleM haiM / prathama-grantha kA nAma 'uNAdikoza' hai, 'anAdi koza' nhiiN| dvitIya-yaha vyAkaraNa grantha hai, koza grantha nahIM / pratIta hotA hai lekhaka ne isa grantha kA avalokana vinA kiye hI ukta ullekha kiyA - hai| gairolAjI kA aMgrejI bhASAvijJoM ke anukaraNa para mahAdeva vedA. 5 ntin-candragomin Adi padoM kA prayoga karanA bhI cintya hai| 12-rAmabhadra dIkSita (saM0 1710-1760 vi0 ke lagabhaga) rAmabhadra dIkSita ne uNAdipATha para eka vyAkhyA likhI hai| isa vyAkhyA kA nAma uNAdi maNidIpikA hai| isa grantha kA eka hastalekha tajaura ke pustakAlaya meM vidyamAna hai| prAphekTa ne apane bRhat sUcI10 patra meM lekhaka kA nAma rAmacandra dIkSita likhA hai / yaha vRtti san 1972 meM madrAsa vizvavidyAlaya se mudrita ho gaI hai| isake sampAdaka DA0 ke kuJjanI rAjA haiM / yaha vRtti dUsare pAda ke 50 veM sUtra taka hI chapI hai / sambhava hai sampAdaka ke pAsa hastalekha itanA hI hogaa| paricaya-rAmabhadra dIkSita ke pitA kA nAma yajJarAma dIkSita thaa| 15 isake pUre parivAra kA sacitra varNana hamane isa grantha ke prathama bhAga pRSTha 464 (ca0 saM0) para kiyA hai| rAmabhadra dIkSita ke guru kA nAma cokkanAtha makhI hai| yaha rAmabhadra kA zvazura bho hai| rAmabhadra ne svayaM likhA hai 'zeSaM dvitIyamiva zAbdikasArvabhaumam / zrIcokkanAthamakhinaM gurumAnato'smi // " rAmabhadra ne sIradevIya paribhASAvRtti kI vyAkhyA meM apanA jo paricaya diyA hai, tadanusAra vaha bhosalA vaMza ke zAhajI bhUpati arpita zAhapura nAma ke agrahAra (brahmaNa-vasati) kA nivAsI hai| zAhajI bhUpati ne yaha agrahAra rAmabhadra athavA usake pitA yajJarAma ko arpita 25 / 1. iti zrIrAmabhadradIkSitasya kRtI uNAdimaNidIpikAyAM prathamaH pAdaH / 2. hastalekha saMgraha sUcI bhAga 10, pRSTha 4236, granthAGka 5675 / 3. paribhASAvRtti vyAkhyA ke Arambha meN| aDiyAra pustakAlaya, vyAkaraNa vibhAga sUcIpatra, saMkhyA 500 /

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uNAdi-sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 235 kiyA hogaa| paribhASavRttivyAkhyA ke Arambha meM aneka zAstravit 'tryambaka yajvA' aura usake putra kAkoji kA ullekha kiyA hai| ye zAhajI ke saciva AnandarAya makhI ke pUrvaja the| rAmabhadra dIkSita kA eka ziSya zrInivAsa svarasiddhAntamaJjarI kA kartA haiN| ___ kAla-rAmabhadra ne uNAdivRtti meM likhA hai ki usane yaha uNAdivRtti zAhajI bhUpati ko preraNA se likhI hai|' zAhajI kA rAjyakAla vi0 saM0 1740-1766 taka mAnA jAtA hai / katipaya aitihAsika rAjya kA prArambha vi0 saM0 1744 se mAnate haiM / ataH rAmabhadra kA kAla bhI vi0 saM 1744 ke lagabhaga mAnanA ucita hai| rAmabhadra kI abhyarthanA-rAmabhadra ne uNAdivRtti ke anta meM likhA hai 'vAtupratyayaniyojya TokAsarvasvaniyojya manoramamA niyojya zodhanIyamidam / ' 15 13-venTezvara (vi0 saM0 1760 ke samIpa) veGkaTezvara nAma ke lekhaka ne uNAdisUtroM kI uNAdinighaNTu nAma ko eka vRtti likho hai / isakA eka hastalekha madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha pustakAlaya ke sUcIpatra meM krama saMkhyA 4732 para nirdiSTa hai / dUsarA hastalekha tajaura ke hastalekha saMgraha ke sUcIpatra bhAga 6 pRSTha 3748 para ullikhita hai| veGkaTezvara rAmabhadra dIkSita kA ziSya haiN| ata: veGkaTezvara kA kAla vi0 saM0 1760 ke AsapAsa samajhanA caahie|' veGkaTezvara ne rAmabhadra dIkSita ke 'pataJjali-carita' para bhI TIkA likhI hai| 1. bhojo rAjati bhosalAnvayamaNiH shriishaah-pRthiviiptiH||6|| rAmabhadra- 25 makhI tena prerita: karuNAbdhinA prabandhametata kurute prauDhAnAM prItisiddhaye // 7 // 2. rAmacandrodaya mahAkAvya kA kartA veGkaTezvara bhinna vyakti pratIta hotA

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236 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 14-perusUri (vi0 saM0 1760-1800) perusUri nAma ke vaiyAkaraNa ne uNAdipATha para eka zlokabaddha vyA. khyA likhI hai / isakA nAma 'proNAdikapadArNava' hai| paricaya-perusUri ne grantha meM apanA jo paricaya diyA hai, usake '5 anusAra mAtA-pitA donoM kA zrIveGkaTezvara samAna nAma hai|' yaha 'zrIdhara' vaMza kA hai', aura isake guru kA nAma vAsudeva adhvarI hai|' deza-perusUri ne apane ko kAJcIpura kA vAstavya kahA hai|' kAla-perusUri ne apane guru kA nAma vAsudeva adhvarI likhA hai| yahI vAsudeva adhvarI siddhAntakaumudI kI bAlamanoramA nAmaka prasiddha 10 TokA kA racayitA hai / bAlamanoramA kA kAla vi0 saM0 1740 1800 ke lagabhaga mAnA jAtA hai| ataH perusUri kA kAla vi0 saM0 1760-1800 ke lagabhaga mAnanA ucita hai| vRtti kA vaiziSTya --granthakAra ne proNAdika padoM kA vyAkhyAna karate hue sthAna-sthAna para unase niSpanna taddhita prayogoM kA bhI nirdeza kiyA hai / sUtrapATha kI zuddhi para granthakAra ne vizeSa bala diyA hai, aura sthAna-sthAna para apane dvArA sAmpradAyika = (guruparamparA-prApta) pATha ke AzrayaNa kA nirdeza kiyA hai| akSamya aparAdha ---perusari ne apanI vatti ke likhane meM bhaTroji hai| usane saM0 1692 meM 40 varSa kI avasthA meM kAzI meM ukta kAvya kI 20 racanA kI thii| dra0-saM0 sAhitya kA saMkSipta itihAsa, pRSTha 215 / 1. jaratkArU ivAnyonyamAkhyayAnanyayautsuko zrIveGkaTezvarI mAtApitarau ... // pRSTha 1 / 2. iti zrIgharavaMzyena racite peruzAstriNA / pRSTha 121 / 3. avatIrNa hariM vande vAsudevAghvaricchalAt / tacchiSyo'ham / ... / pRSTha 1 / 4. pRSTha 1 zloka 2 / 25 5. dra0 saM0vyA0 zAstra kA itihAsa kA 16 vAM adhyAya 'siddhAnta kaumudI ke vyAkhyAtA' prkrnn| 6. yathA--sAmpradAyiko'yaM pAThaH / pRSTha 1 // taistairvRttikAraH kAnicit sUtrANi adhikAni vyAkhyAtAni / sUtrakramabhedazca tatra bhUyAn paridRzyate, pAThabhedAzca bhUyAMsaH, iti sAmpradAyika evAzrita ityalaM bahunA / pRSTha 80 //

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uNAdi-sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 237 dIkSita viracita prauDhamanoramA se atyadhika sahAyatA lI hai| yaha donoM granthoM ke tulanAtmaka adhyayana se spaSTa hai| kaI sthAna aise bhI haiM, jahAM tattvabodhinI kA AzrayaNa bhI kiyA hai| parantu granthakAra ne ina donoM granthoM kA athavA inake lekhakoM kA kahIM bhI nirdeza nahIM kiyaa| grantha-lekhana meM aisA vyavahAra azobhanIya hai| yaha vRtti uNAdi 4 / 156 taka hI madrAsa se prakAzita huI hai / kyoMki isakA AdhArabhUta hastalekha bhI yahIM taka haiN| usakA agalA bhAga sambhavataH khaNDita ho gayA hai| 15-nArAyaNa sudhI nArAyaNa nAma ke kisI vaiyAkaraNa ne aSTAdhyAyI kI pradIpa 10 aparanAma zabdabhUSaNa nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai| isake hastalekha tajaura ke pustakAlaya meM surakSita haiM / paricaya-nArAyaNa ke vaMza tathA kAla Adi ke viSaya meM hameM kucha bhI jJAta nahIM / zabdabhUSaNa ke tRtIyAdhyAya ke dvitIyapAda ke anta meM nimna pATha milatA hai_ 'iti govindapuravAstavyanArAyaNasudhiviracite savAtikASTAdhyAyIpradIpe zabdabhUSaNe tRtIyAdhyAyasya dvitIyaH paadH|' isameM nArAyaNa ne apane ko govindapura kA vAstavya likhA hai| bhArata meM govindapura nAma ke aneka sthAna haiM / nArAyaNa nAma ke aneka vaiyAkaraNa vibhinna granthoM ke lekhaka ho 20 cake haiN| ataH vizepa paricaya ke abhAva meM isa nArAyaNa kA nizcaya karanA aura isake kAle kA nirdhAraNa karanA kaThina hai| 1. yathA-pAda 1 zloka 263, 264; pAda 3 zloka 78, 76; 205, 206, 306; 321, 337 tathA sUtrapATha; pAda 4, zloka 186-191; 204, 288, 289; 343, 432 // ina sUtroM kI proTamanoramA bhI dekhie| 2. prauDhamanoramA meM anirNIta ' kRrAdezca caH' sUtrapATha (pRSTha 118) tattvavodhinI se liyA hai| 25

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238 saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa kAla kA anumAna -nArAyaNa ne aSTAdhyAyI zra0 3 ke dvitIya pAda ke pazcAt uNAdipATha kI vyAkhyA kI hai / aura a0 6 ke dvitIya pAda ke anta meM phiTsUtroM ko yaha vyAkhyAnazailI bhaTToji dIkSita viracita siddhAntakaumudI aura zabdakaustubha meM dekhI jAto hai / nArAyaNa bhaTTa viracita prakriyA sarvasva meM bhI yahI zailI hai| isase vidita hotA hai ki nArAyaNa kA zabdabhUSaNa siddhAntakaumudI tathA prakriyA kaumudI ke pazcAt likhA gayA hai| siddhAntakaumudI ke pratyaghika pracAra hone para aSTAdhyAyo para likhane kA krama prAyaH samApta ho gayA thA / ataH isa nArAyaNa kA kAla vi0 saM0 1800 ke pUrva 10 mAnA jA sakatA hai, isase uttaravartI to nahIM ho sakatA / 5 yadyapi nArAyaNa kI vyAkhyA uNAdi ke kisa pATha para thI, yaha nizcita rUpa se hama nahIM kaha sakate, tathApi isa kAla meM pANinIya vaiyAkaraNoM dvArA paJcapAdI para ho vRtti grantha likhane kI paramparA hone se yaha vRtti bhI paJcapAdI para hI ho sakatI hai, dazapAdI para 15 nahIM / 20 16 - zivarAma (vi0 saM0 1850 ke samIpa ) zivarAma nAma ke vidvAn ne uNAdipATha para eka vRtti likho thI / isakA ullekha zivarAma ne apane kAvya 'lakSmIvilAsa' (lakSmI prakAza) meM kiyA hai / vaha likhatA hai - 'kAvyAni paJca nutayo'pi paJcasaMkhyA: TIkAca saptadaza caika uNAdikozaH / ' phrekTa ne bhI apanI bRhat hastalekhasUcI meM isa TIkA kA ullekha kiyA hai| sAtha hI yaha bhI likhA hai ki yaha vRtti san 1874 meM banArasa meM chapa cukI hai / " yaha saMskaraNa hamAre dekhane meM nahIM AyA / 25 13dra0 - pralavara rAjakIya hastalekha pustakAlaya kA sUcIpatra, uttarArdha ( prAdyanta pATha nirdezaka bhAga) pRSTha 85 / 2. zrI paM0 rAmamavatra pANDeya (vArANasI) kI sUcanAnusAra san 1873 meM yaha vRtti 'SaTkoza saMgraha' meM chapa cukI hai /

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- uNAdi-sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 239 paricaya-alavara rAjakIya hastalekha pustakAlaya ke sUcIpatra ke nirmAtA ne pRSTha 46 granthasaMkhyA 1064 ke vivaraNa meM zivarAma ke pitA kA nAma kRSNarAma tathA zivarAma ke jyeSTha bhrAtAnoM ke nAma govindarAma, mukandarAma aura kezavarAma likhe haiM / kAla-alavara ke sacIpatra ke sampAdaka ne zivarAma kA kAla 5 IsA kI 18vIM zatI likhA hai| uNAdivRtti kA nAma-uNAdivRtti, jisakA granthakora ne uNAdikoza nAma se vyavahAra kiyA hai, kA nAma 'lakSmInivAsAbhidhAna' bhI hai| isI nAma se yaha kAzI se prakAzita SaT-koza-saMgraha meM chapI hai| anya grantha-Upara jo zlokAMza uddhRta kiyA hai, usameM pAMca kAvya grantha, 5 stutigrantha ( stotra ), 17 TIkAgrantha, 1 uNAdikoza kA nirdeza hai| ukta zloka ke uttarArdha meM bhUpAlabhUSaNa, rasaratnahAra aura vidyAvilAsa granthoM kA ullekha milatA hai| inake atirikta kAvya lakSmIvilAsa (jisameM ukta varNana haiM,) tathA paribhASendu zekhara 15 kI 'lakSmIvilAsa TIkA' bhI isane likhI hai|' 17-rAmazarmA (vi0 saM0 1940 se pUrva) rAmazarmA nAma ke kisI vyakti ne uNAdisUtroM kI eka vyAkhyA likhI hai| hamAre mitra paM0 rAma avadha pANDeya (vArANasI) kI sUcanA- 20 nusAra yaha vRtti 'uNAdikoza' nAma se kAzI se prakAzita honevAle 'paNDita' patra ke dvitIya bhAga meM chapa cukI hai| hamArI dRSTi meM yaha saMskaraNa nahIM aayaa| isa vRtti ke paNDitapatra meM prakAzita hone se isakA racanA kAla vi0 saM0 1940 se pUrva hai| 1. alavara rAjakIya ha0 saM0 sUcI, pRSTha 46 /

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240 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 18-svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI (vi0 saM0 1936) svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ne uNAdipATha para eka vyAkhyA likhI haiN| yaha 'uNAdikoSa' ke nAma se vaidika yantrAlaya ajamera se prakAzita paricaya-svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ke vaMza, deza, kAla Adi ke sambandha meM isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM 'aSTAdhyAyI ke vattikAra' nAmaka 14 veM adhyAya meM vistAra se likha cuke haiN| vatti-nirmANakAla vA sthAna-svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ne isa uNAdivRtti ko racanA mahAroNA sajjanasiMha ke rAjyakAla meM mevAr3a kI rAjadhAnI udayapura nagara meM vi0 saM0 1636 meM kI thii| isakI bhUmikA ke anta meM grantha-racanA kA samaya vi0 saM0 1936, mAgha kRSNA pratipad aGkita hai| vRtti kA vaiziSTaya-yadyapi yaha vRtti svalpAkSarA hai, punarapi uNAdi vAGamaya meM yaha saba se adhika mahattvapUrNa hai| mahattA kA kAraNa-mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali ne uNAdayo bahulama (aSTA0 3 / 3 / 1) sUtrastha bahula pada kA prayojana batAte hue likhA hai___naMgamarUDhibhavaM hi susAdhu / negamAzca rUDhibhavAzcauNAdikAH susA ghavaH kathaM syuH| na arthAt naigama aura rUDha proNAdika zabdoM ke bhale prakAra sAdhatva jJApana ke lie pANini ne 'bahula' zabda kA nirdeza kiyA hai| ___isa kathana se spaSTa hai ki bhASyakAra ke mata meM veda meM rUDha zabda nahIM haiM / dUsare zabdoM meM pataJjali vaidika zabdoM ko yaugika tathA yogarUDha mAnate haiN| isI prasaGga meM pataJjali ne zAkaTAyana ke mata meM sampUrNa zabdoM 25 ko dhAtuja kahA hai / narukta AcAryoM kA bhI yahI mata hai| mahAbhASyakAra ke ina nirdezoM ke anusAra sabhI proNAdika zabda yaugika athavA yogarUDha bhI hai| itanA hI nahIM, uNAdipATha meM sthAna sthAna para saMjJAyAm' pada kA nirdeza hone se antaHsAkSya se bhI yahI 30 1. uNAdikoza 2032, 82, 111 ityAdi /

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2/31 uNAdi-sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 241 vidita hotA hai ki sampUrNa proNAdika pada rUDha nahIM hai| anyathA sthAnasthAna para saMjJAyAma pada kA nirdeza na karake uNAdayo bahulam (3 / 3 / 1 ) sUtra meM hI saMjJAyAm pada par3ha diyA jaataa| isalie uNAdivRttikAra kA kartavya hai ki vaha donoM pakSoM kA samanvaya karatA hunA pratyeka prauNAdika pada kA yaugika, yogarUDha tathA rUDha arthoM kA nirdeza kare / isa samaya uNAdisUtroM kI jitanI bhI vRttiyAM upalabdha haiN| una sabhI meM proNAdika zabdoM ko rUDha mAna kara hI artha nirdeza kiyA. 5 __svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI kA sAhasa-svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ne vaiyAkaraNoM kI uttarakAlona ukta paramparA kA sarvathA pari- 10 tyAga karake apanI vRtti meM pratyeka prauNAdika zabda ke yaugika aura rUDha donoM prakAra ke arthoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai / yathA karotIti kAru:-kartA, zilpI vaa|' vAti gacchati jAnAti veti vAyuH-pavanaH, paramezvaro vaa|' pAti rakSati sa pAyuH-rakSakaH, gudendriyaM vaa|' ina uddharaNoM ke prathama aura tRtIya pATha meM kartA aura rakSaka ye yaugika artha haiM / tathA zilpI aura gudendriya yogarUDha vA rUDha artha haiN| __ bhagavAn pataJjali tathA narukta AcAryoM ke matAnusAra veda meM prayukta kAru aura pAyu zabda ke yaugika artha kartA aura rakSaka hI sAmAnya rUpa se haiM, kevala zilpI aura gudendriya nahIM haiM / yahI abhiprAya 20 vRttikAra ne yaugika arthoM kA nirdeza karake darzAyA hai| dvitIya pATha meM bhI sarve gatyarthA jJAnArthAH' isa prAcIna mata ke anusAra vAti ke jAnAti artha kA bhI nirdeza kiyA haiN| isa artha ke anusAra sarvajJa bhagavAn paramezvara kA bhI vAyu pada se grahaNa hotA hai, yaha darzAyA hai| isI artha ko yajurveda kA 25 1. uNAdikoSa 1 / 1 vyAkhyA meM / 2. dra0--hemahaMsagaNi viracita nyAyasaMgraha, bRhadvRttisahita, pRSTha 63 / skanda nirukta-TIkA, bhAga 2, pRSTha 62 / taittirIya prAraNyaka bhaTTabhAskara bhASya, bhAga 1, pRSTha 276; isI prakAra anyatra bhii| 3. agni vAyu Aditya prabhRti vaidika zabda dhAtvartha ko nimitta mAnakara 30

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242 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa tadevAgnistadAdityastad vAyustadu cndrmaaH| tadeva zukraM tad brahma tA prApaH sa prjaaptiH|| 32 // 1 // yaha mantra bhI vyakta kara rahA hai| isa mantra meM brahma prajApati Adi kA vAyu pada se bhI saMkIrtana kiyA hai| itanA hI nahIM, nighaNTa, nirukta tathA brAhmaNa Adi granthoM meM vaidika agni-vAyu-Aditya Adi zabdoM ke jitane artha darzAe haiM, ve saba mUlabhUta eka dhAtvartha ko svIkAra karake hI utpanna ho sakate haiN| yadi una saba arthoM ko dhAtvartha-mUlaka na mAnakara rUDha mAnA jAe, to eka zabda kI vibhinna arthoM meM vAcakazakti athavA saMketa svIkAra 1. karanA hogaa| isa prakAra bahuta gaurava hogaa|' anya vaiziSTaya-pratizabda yaugika arthoM ke nirdeza ke atirikta isa vatti meM eka aura vizeSatA hai / vaha hai-sthAna-sthAna para nirukta nighaNTa brAhmaNa Adi granthoM meM nirdiSTa vaidika arthoM kA ullekha krnaa| yathA15 vartate sadaivAsau vRtraH-meghaH, zatraH, tamaH parvataH, cakra vaa|' isIlie svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ne uNAdivyAkhyA ke pratyeka pAda ke anta meM uNAdivyAkhyAyAM vaidikalaukikakoSe viziSTa pada kA nirdeza kiyA hai| svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI se pUrvavartI katipaya vRttikAroM ne kevala uNAdikoza zabda kA vyavahAra kiyA hai| parantu svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ne apanI vyAkhyA ke lie vaidika laukikakoSa pada kA ullekha kiyA hai| Izvara ke bhI vAcaka hote haiM / isake lie svAmI zaMkarAcArya kA 'agnizabdo'pyagraNItvAdiyogAzrayeNa paramAtmaviSaya eva bhaviSyati' ( vedAntabhASya 112 // 28) vacana draSTavya hai| 1. tulanA karo-AkRtibhizca zabdAnAM sambandho na vyaktibhiH, vyaktI. nAmAnantyAt saMbandhagrahaNAnupapatteH / vedAnta zAMkarabhASya 1 // 3 // 28 // vyaktInAM tvAnantyAt tAsu na shktigrhH....."| sarUpa sUtrabhASya (112164) meM nAgezokti, bambaI saM0 pRSTha 11 / yahI doSa aneka rUDha arthoM meM saMketa mAnane para upasthita hotA hai| 2. uNAdikoSa 1113 vyAkhyA meN| 30

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uNAdi-sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 243 isa dRSTi se svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI kI yaha svalpAkSarAvRtti saMpUrNa uNAdi vAGmaya meM mUrdhAbhiSikta hai| vRtti kA AdhArabhUta mUla sUtrapATha-svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ne uNAdi ke jisa pATha para vRtti likhI hai, vaha ujjvaladatta pATha se bahuta bhinnatA rakhatA hai| isa vRtti kA AdhArabhUta sUtrapATha eka hastalekha para Azrita hai / yaha hastalekha svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ke hasta. lekha saMgraha meM vidyamAna thaa| hamane ise vi0 saM0 1992 meM zrImato paropakAriNI sabhA ajamera ke saMgraha meM dekhA thaa| isa hastalekha meM sUtrapATha ke sAtha-sAtha sUtroM ke udAharaNa bhI nirdiSTa haiN| svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ne jo uNAdikoSa chapavAyA hai, usa meM isa hastalekha ke pATha ko sarvathA usI rUpa meM surakSita rakhA hai / arthAt Upara hastalekhAnusAra sUtrapATha aura udAharaNa die haiM, tathA nIce apanA vRtti grantha pRthak chApA hai| isa hastalekha tathA usa para Azrita mudrita sUtrapATha meM aneka sthAnoM para sUtrapATha ke sthAna para kiso vRtti grantha kA saMkSipta pATha ... nirdiSTa hai / yathA__ka-uNAdikoSa 3 / 67 para sUtrapATha hai-dadhAdvitvamitvaM Suka ca / yaha spaSTa kisI vRtti kA pATha hai / vahAM mUla sUtrapATha dadhiSAyyaH honA caahie| kha-uNAdikoSa 4 / 237 para sUtrapATha hai-srterppuurvaadsiH| 10 yaha bhI kisI vRtti kA pATha hai / yahAM para mUla sUtrapATha apsarA honA caahie| ___ga-isI prakAra uNAdikoSa 4 / 238 para sUtrapATha hai-vidibhujibhyAM vizve'siH / yaha pATha bhI kisI vRtti kA saMkSepa hai| sUtra 230 meM tathA 238 donoM meM 'asi' pratyaya kA samAna rUpa .. se nirdeza honA isa bAta kA jJApaka hai ki ye donoM sUtra rUpa se svIkRta pATha bhI kisI vatti ke aMza haiN| inameM sattarappUrvAdasi pATha isI rUpa meM ujjvaladatta kI uNAdivRtti 4 / 236 meM upalabdha hotA hai| vRtti meM pAThabhraMza-svAmI dayAnanda kI vRtti kA jo pATha vaidika yantrAlaya ajamera kA chapA milatA hai, usameM pAThabhraMza atyadhika haiN| 30

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244 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kaI sthAnoM para pATha traTita haiM, kaI sthAnoM para pATha prAge pIche prasthAna meM ho gaye haiN| kaI sthAnoM meM saMzodhakoM ne uttaravartI saMskaraNoM meM granthakAra-sammata pATha meM parivartana bhI kara diyA hai| isa prakAra yaha atyanta upayogI aura zreSThatama vRtti bhI pAThabhraza Adi doSoM ke 5 kAraNa sarvathA anupayogI sI banI huI hai| isakI zreSThatA aura upa yogitA ko dekhate hue isake zuddha saMskaraNa kI AvazyakatA hama cirakAla se anubhava kara rahe the| vRtti kA sampAdana-hamane isa vRtti ke vaiziSTaya ko dhyAna meM rakhakara isa vRtti kA saMvat 2002 meM sampAdana kiyA thA, parantu arthAbhAva ke kAraNa cirakAla taka prakAzita nahIM kara ske| anta meM saM0 2031 meM zrI caudharI pratApasiMha jI ne apane zrI caudharI nArAyaNasiha pratApasiMha dharmArtha TrasTa (karanAla) dvArA ise prakAzita kiyaa| isa saMskaraNa meM pATha zuddhi ke atirikta 8-10 prakAra kI vividha sUciyoM bhI dI haiN| --- ajJAtanAma vRttikAra 19-ajJAtanAma tajaura hastalekha pustakAlaya ke sUcIpatra bhAga 10 meM saMkhyA 5677 para paJcapAdI uNAdipATha para eka ajJAtanAma vaiyAkaraNa kI vRtti kA nirdeza hai| 20-ajJAtanAma kisI ajJAtanAma vaiyAkaraNa kI paJcapAdI uNAdivRtti kA "uNAdikoza" nAma se tajaura ke pustakAlaya meM eka hastalekha vidyamAna hai / dekho-sUcIpatra bhAga 10, saMkhyA 5678 / 21-ajJAtanAma madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha pustakAlaya ke sUcIpatra bhAga 3 (san 25

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uNAdi-sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 245 1606 kA chapA) meM pRSTha 616 para eka 'uNAdisUtravRtti' kA nirdeza hai| isakI saMkhyA 1266 hai| yaha paJcapAdI para hai, aura isakA lekhaka koI jaina vidvAna hai| 22-ajJAtanAma madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha saMgraha meM eka uNAdisUtra kA hastalekha 5 vidyamAna haiM / dra0-sUcIpatra bhAga 10, pRSTha 616 (san 1906) saMkhyA 613 / isake anta meM pATha hai 'iti pANinIye uNAdisUtre paJcamaH pAdaH' yaha mUla sUtrapATha hai athavA vRtti grantha, yaha draSTavya hai| dazapAdI-uNAdipATha pANinIya vaiyAkaraNoM dvArA Azrita uNAdisUtroM kA dUsarA pATha 'dazapAdI uNAdipATha' ke nAma se prasiddha hai| . dazapAdI kA AdhAra paJcapAdI dazapAdI uNAdipATha kA saMkalana uNAdi-siddha zabdoM ke antyavarNakrama ke anusAra kiyA gayA hai, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiN| yaha 15 saMkalana bhI paJcapAdIya pATha para Azrita hai arthAt dazapAdI meM tattad antyavarNavAle zabdoM ke sAdhaka sUtroM kA saMkalana karate samaya pahale paJcapAdI ke prathama pAda ke sUtroM kA saMkalana kiyA gayA hai| tatpazcAt kramazaH dvitIya tRtIya caturtha aura paJcama pAda ke sUtroM kA / hama isa bAta ko spaSTa karane ke liye dazapAdI ke prathama pAdastha ivarNAnta zabdasAdhaka sUtroM ke saMkalana kA nirdeza karate haiMsUtrasaMkhyA 1-1 taka paJcapAdI ke dvitIya pAda ke sUtra " , 10-12 // , " tRtIya // // , " // 16-75 // // // caturtha , , , , , 77-81 , paJcama, me, 25

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246 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa isI prakAra uvarNAnta zabdoM meMsUtrasaMkhyA 86-132 taka paJcapAdI ke prathama pAda ke sUtra " // 533- " dvitIya , , , " , 134-154 // " , tRtIya , , , , , 155-156 , , , caturthaM , ,, , " , 160-162 , , , paJcama , , , isI prakAra sampUrNa grantha meM tattad varNAnta zabdoM ke sAdhaka sUtroM kA saMkalana paJcapAdI ke tattat pAdastha sUtroM ke krama se hI kiyA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki dazAdI pATha kA mUla AdhAra paJcapAdI pATha hai| 10 isameM nimna hetu bhI draSTavya haiM __ ka-paJcapAdI pATha meM aneka aise sUtra haiM, jinameM nakArAnta zabdoM ke sAdhatva pradarzana ke sAtha-sAtha una NakArAnta zabdoM kA nirdeza bhI hai, jinameM repha Adi ko nimitta mAna kara antya na varNa Na varNa meM parivartana ho jAtA hai / yathA15 paJcapAdI 2 / 48 meM 'inac' pratyayAnta--zyena, stena, hariNa, aura avina zabdoM kA sAdhutva darzAyA haiN| paJcapAdI 2 / 76 meM 'yuc' pratyayAnta-savanaH, yavanaH, ravaNaH, varaNam zabdoM kA nirdeza hai| isI prakAra paJcapAdo ke jina sUtroM meM NakArAnta aura nakA20 rAnta zabdoM kA eka sAtha nidarzana karAyA hai, una saba sUtroM ko daza pAdIkAra ne DhakArAnta zabdoM ke anantara saMgRhIta kiyA hai| aura isa prakaraNa ke anta meM (sUtra-vRtti 264) NakAro nakArasahita: kaha kara upasaMhAra kiyA hai| isase bhI spaSTa hai ki dazapAdI uNAdisUtroM kA pATha kisI anya purAne pATha para Azrita hai / yadi dazapAdI kA apanA 25 svatantra pATha hotA, to usakA pravaktA NakArAnta aura nakArAnta zabdoM ke sAdhana ke lie pRthak-pRthak sUtroM kA hI pravacana karatA, donoM kA sAMkarya na krtaa| kha-dazapAdI pATha meM navama pAda ke anta meM hakArAnta zabdoM kA saMkalana pUrA ho jAtA hai / dazama pAda meM una sUtroM kA saMkalana

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uNAdi sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 247 hai, jinameM aneka pratyayoM kA pATha upalabdha hotA hai, aura unase vibhinna varNa anta zabdoM kA sAdhutva kahA gayA hai / yathAprathama sUtra meM-- prAla, vAlaj, AlIyar pratyaya / paJcama sUtra meM - una, unta, unti, uni pratyaya / -- isI prakAra anyatra bhI / yadi dazapAdI pATha kA svatantra pravacana hotA, to isakA pravaktA isa pAda ke sUtroM meM eka sAtha kahe gaye vibhinna pratyayoM ko tattat varNAnta pratyayoM ke prakaraNa meM bar3I sugamatA se saMkalana kara sakatA thA / use vyamizrita varNAnta pratyayoM ke lie prakIrNa saMgraha karane kI AvazyakatA na hotI / isase bhI yahI bAta puSTa hotI hai ki dazapAdI 10 pATha kA mukhya AdhAra paJcapAdI pATha hai| dazapAdI pATha kA vaiziSTya yadyapi dazapAdI pATha ke pravaktA ne apanA mukhya AdhAra paJcapAdI pATha ko hI banAyA hai, punarapi isameM dazapAdI pATha ke pravaktA kA svopajJAta praza bhI anekatra upalabdha hotA hai / yaha upajJAta aMza 15 do prakAra kA hai 1 - paJcapAdI sUtroM kA tatsAdhaka zabdoM ke antya varNa krama se saMkalana karate samaya aneka sthAnoM para anuvRtti doSa utpanna hotA hai / usa doSa ke parimArjana ke lie dazapAdI - pravaktA ne una-una sUtroM meM tattad viziSTa aza ko jor3akara anuvRtti doSa ko dUra kiyA 20 hai / yathA ka -~ paJcapAdI uNAdi meM kramazaH sruvaH kaH, cikU ca do sUtra ( 2 / 61, 62 ) par3he haiM / dazapAdI saMkalana krama meM prathama sUtra kucha pAThAntara se 8 / 30 meM rakhA gayA hai, dvitIya sUtra se kAnta trak zabda kI niSpatti hone se use kAnta prakaraNa ( dvitIyapAda ) meM rakhanA 25 Avazyaka huA / ina donoM sUtroM ko vibhinna sthAnoM meM par3hane para, srak zabda sAdhaka dvitIya sUtra meM paJcapAdI krama se pUrva sUtra se anuvRtti dvArA prApta honevAlI sra dhAtu kA dazapAdI krama meM prabhAva prApta hotA hai / isa doSa kI nivRtti ke liye dazapAdI ke pravaktA ne 'sra ' dhAtu kA nirdeza karate hue stravaH cikU aisA nyAsAntara kiyA / 9

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saMskRta-vyAkaraNa- zAstra kA itihAsa kha - paJcapAdI kA eka sUtra hai - laGgharnalopazca ( 1 1135 ) / isameM Ti pratyaya kI manuvRtti pUrva sUtra se AtI hai / dazapAdIkAra ne paJcapAdI ke sarteraTiH sUtra siddha saraT zabda ko DakArAnta saraD mAna kara use DAnta prakaraNa meM par3hA, aura laghaT zabda sAdhaka sUtra ko 5 TAnta prakaraNa meM / isa prakAra vibhinna sthAnoM para par3hane ke kAraNa laghaT zabda sAdhaka laGgharnalopazca sUtra meM ghaTi pratyaya kI anuvRtti kI prApti hone para dazapAdI ke pravaktA ne laGghe raTirnalopazca (511 ) aisA nyAsAntara karake anuvRtti doSa kA parimAjana kiyA hai / 248 10 isa prakAra dazapAdI ke saMkalana meM jahAM-jahAM bhI anuvRtti doSa upasthita ho sakatA thA, vahAM-vahAM tattat praza jor3a kara savatra anuvRtti doSa kA nirAkaraNa kiyA hai / kha - dazapAdI pATha meM kaI aise sUtra haiM, jo paJcapAdI pATha meM upalabdha nahIM hote / ina sUtroM kA saMkalana yA to dazapAdI ke pravaktA ne kinhIM anya prAcIna uNAdipAThoM se kiyA haiM athavA ye sUtra usake 15 maulika vacanarUpa haiM / inameM nimna sUtra atyanta mahattvapUrNa haiM ka - jIveradAnuk // 1 / 163 // isa sUtra ko mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali ne hayavaraT sUtra para uddhRta kiyA hai| lopo vyorvali ( 6 | 1/66 ) sUtra ke bhASya meM bhI isakI saMketa kiyA hai / kAzikAkAra ne 6 / 1966 ne bhAga 1, pRSTha 20 para ise uddhRta kiyA hai / para tathA nyAsakAra 20 isa sUtra kA mAhAtmya - yadyapi bhASyakAra Adi ne isa sUtra dvArA 'radAnuk' pratyayAnta jIradAnu zabda ke sAdhutva kA hI pratipAdana kiyA hai, tathApi isa sUtra ke saMhitA pATha ko prAmANika mAnakara jIveH + zradAluk viccheda karane para jIvadAnu pada ke sAdhutva kA bho bodha hotA hai / vaidika granthoM meM donoM zabda ekArtha meM hI prayukta hote haiM / tulanA karo-- 25 pRthivIM jIvadAnum / zu0 yajuH 128 // pRthivIM jIradAnum / tai0 saM0 1|1|1|| 1 1. jIveH+radAnuk=jIv + radAnu = lopo vyorvali (6 / 1 / 66) se valopa = jIradAnu / 30

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2/32 uNAdi sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 246 kha - hante ran gha ca / 8 / 114 / / isa sUtra dvArA 'han' dhAtu se 'ran' aura dhAtu ko 'gha' zrAdeza hotA hai / gha pradeza akAla hone se pUrI 'han' dhAtu ke sthAna para hotA hai / isa prakAra ghara zabda niSpanna hotA hai / vRttikAroM ne isakA artha gRha batAyA hai / bhaTToji dIkSita ne prauDhamanoramA pRSTha 808 meM isa sUtra ko uddhRta kiyA hai / usakA anukaraNa karate hue jJAnendra sarasvatI ne bhI tattvabodhinI (pRSTha 565 ) meM isakA nirdeza kiyA hai / prAkRta bhASA tathA hindI bhASA meM gRha vAcaka jo 'ghara' zabda prayukta hotA hai, use sAmpratika bhASAvijJAnavAdI 'gRha' kA apabhraMza mAnate haiM / jaina saMskRta kathAgranthoM meM bahutra ghara zabda kA nirdeza milatA hai / yathA - punarnR pAhUtaH svaghare gataH / ' ise tathA etatsadRza anya zabdoM ke prayogoM ko prAkRta prabhAvajanya kahate haiM / ye donoM hI kathana cintya haiM, yaha isa praNAdika sUtra se spaSTa hai / 10 itanA hI nahIM kSIrasvAmI ne kSIrataraGgiNI 10168 pRSTha 260 15 kA pAThAntara likhA hai ghara sravaNe iti durga: / isa pATha se durga sammata ghara dhAtu se 'ac' pratyaya hokara gRha vAcaka 'ghara' zabda aJjasA siddha ho jAtA hai| durga ke 'ghara' dhAtunirdeza se bhI ghara zabda zuddha saMskRta kA hai, gRha kA apabhraMza nahIM hai, 20 yaha spaSTa hai / dazapAdI uNAdi 10 / 15 meM vyutpAdita maccha zabda bhI isI prakAra kA hai jo zuddha saMskRta kA hote hue bhI 'matsya' kA apabhraSTa rUpa mAnA jAtA hai / ' 1. purAtana prabandhakoSa, pRSTha 35 / evamanyatra bhI / 25 2. isI prakAra kA pavitra vAcaka 'pAka' zabda aura yuddhArthaka 'jaGga' zabda jo phArasI ke samajha jAte haiM zuddha saMskRta ke haiM / inake lie dekhiye isa grantha kA prathama bhAga pRSTha 51 (ca0 saM0 ) / 3. kSIrataraGgiNI 4 / 101 meM ise saMskRta kA sAdhu zabda mAnA hai /

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250 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa isa prakAra dazapAdI uNAdipATha meM aura bhI aneka prakAra kA vaiziSTya upalabdha hotA hai| dazapAdI ke vRttikAra dazapAdI pATha para bhI paMcapAdI pATha ke samAna aneka vaiyAkaraNoM 5 ne vRtti grantha likhe hoMge, parantu isa pATha ke paThana-pAThana meM vyavahRta na hone ke kAraNa aneka vatti grantha kAlakavalita ho gaye, aisI saMbhAvanA hai| samprati dazapAdI pATha para tIna hI vRttigrantha upalabdha haiN| upalabdha vRttiyoM ke viSaya meM nIce yathAjJAna vivaraNa upasthita karate haiN| 1-mANikayadeva (700 vi0 saM0 pUrva) 10 dazapAdI uNAdipATha kI yaha eka ati prAcIna vRtti hai| isa vRtti ke uddharaNa aneka prAcIna granthoM meM upalabdha hote haiN| yaha vRtti vi0 saM0 1932 (san 1875) meM kAzI meM lItho presa meM chapa cukI haiM / isake eka prAmANika saMskaraNa kA sampAdana hamane kiyA hai|' vRttikAra kA nAma-aAphekTa ne apane bRhat hastalekha sUcI meM " isa vRtti ke lekhaka kA nAma mANikyadeva likhA hai| pUnA ke Dekkana kAleja ke pustakAlaya ke sUcIpatra meM bhI isakA nAma mANikyadeva hI nirdiSTa hai / patra dvArA pUchane para pustakAdhyakSa ne ukta nAma nirdeza kA AdhAra AphrekTa ke sUcIpatra ko hI btaayaa| vArANasI meM lItho presa meM prakAzita pustaka ke Adi ke sAta pAdoM meM granthakAra ke nAma kA ullekha nahIM hai, parantu antima tIna pAdoM meM ujjvaladatta kA nAma nirdiSTa hai| isa vatti kA eka hastalekha tajaura ke pUstakAlaya meM bhI hai| usake grantha kI samApti ke anantara kucha sthAna rikta chor3akara ujjvaladatta kA nAma aGkita hai| ukta pustakAlaya ke sUcIpatra ke sampAdaka ne AphrekTa ke pramANa se granthakAra kA mANikyadeva nAma likhA hai| 1. yaha saMskaraNa rAjakIya saMskRta-kAleja vArANasI kI sarasvatI bhavana granthamAlA meM san 1942 meM prakAzita huA hai| 2. yaha patra-vyavahAra vRtti ke sampAdana kAla san 1934 meM huA thaa| 3. 'ityujjvaladattaviracitAyAmuNAdivRtau...... ' pATha mudrita haiN|

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uNAdi-sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 251 isa vRtti ke saMskRta vAGamaya ke vividha granthoM se jitane bhI uddharaNa saMgRhIta kiye, sarvatra yA to ve dazapAdI vRttikAra ke nAma se udghata hai athavA vinA nAma nirdeza ke / hameM Aja taka isa vatti kA eka bhI uddharaNa aisA prApta nahIM huA jo mANikyadeva ke nAma se nirdiSTa ho| ___ kAzI mudrita tathA tajaura ke hastalekha ke anta meM ujjvaladatta kA nAma kaise aGkita huA, yaha bhI vicAraNIya hai / kyoMki isa vRtti kA eka bhI uddharaNa ujjvaladatta ke nAma se kvacit bhI nirdiSTa nahIM hai| paJcapAdI pATha ke eka vRttikAra kA nAma ujjvaladatta avazya hai, parantu usane sarvatra svanAma ke sAtha jAjali pada kA nirdaza kiyA 10 hai| ukta donoM pratiyoM meM jAjali kA ullekha nahIM hai| itanA hI nahIM, donoM vRttigranthoM kI racanA zailI meM bhUtala-AkAza kA antara haiM / isaliye dazapAdI kI isa vRtti kA racayitA paJcapAdI vRttikAra ujjvaladatta nahIM ho sakatA, yaha nizcita hai| hamArA anumAna hai ki uNAdi vAGamaya meM ujjvaladatta kI atiprasiddhi ke kAraNa lotho 15 presa kAzI kI chapI tathA tajaura ke hastalekha meM ujjvaladatta kA nAma praviSTa ho gayA hai| AphekTa kA lekha satya-AphekTa ne apane hastalekhoM ke sUcIpatra meM prakRta dazapAdI uNAdivRtti ke lekhaka kA jo mANikyadeva nAma likhA hai vaha ThIka hai / bhaNDArakara prAcyavidyA zodha pratiSThAna, pUnA 20 ke saMgraha meM dazapAdI uNAdivRtti ke cAra hastalekha haiN| dra0 san 1938 kA chapA vyAkaraNa viSayaka sUcIpatra, grantha saMkhyA 263:275/ 1873-76; 264; 276/1875-76 / 265, 274/1875-76 / 266; 56,1865-68 / ___ inameM se saMkhyA 263 ke hastalekha ke anta meM nimna pATha milatA 25 . iti uNAdivRttau viprakIrNako dazamaH pAdaH / samAptA ceyamuNAdivRttiH / kRtirAcArya mANikyasyeti / zubhamastu / saMkhyA 264 ke hastalekha ke anta meM pATha hai- uNAdivRttau dazamaH pAdaH // samAptA ceymunnaadivRttiH| kRti- 30 rAcAryamANikyasyeti /

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252 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ye donoM hastalekha kazmIra se saMgRhIta kiye gaye haiM / zAradA lipi meM bhUjapatra para likhe haiN| hastalekha ati purAne hai| saMkhyA 260 ke hastalekha ke anta meM saM0 30 vai zuddhi ti ca-vAma-ekAdazyAm / sUcopatra meM ise saptarSi saMvat mAnA hai| ina prAcIna hastalekhoM kI upasthiti meM isa vattikAra ke mANikya[deva] nAma meM sandeha kA koI sthAna nahIM hai| deza-dazapAdIvatti ke sabase prAcIna hastalekhoM ke kazmIra kI zAradA lipi meM likhita hone se isa vRtti kA racayitA mANikyadeva kazmIra kA hI hai / aisA mAnanA yukti saMgata pratIta hotA hai| 10 kAla-isa vRttikAra kA kAla ajJAta hai| hamane isa vRtti ke prAcIna granthoM se jo uddharaNa saMgahIta kiye haiM, unake AdhAra para itanA hI kahA jA sakatA hai ki isa vRtti kI racanA kA kAla 700 vikrama se pUrva hai / isameM nimna pramANa haiM 1-bhaTToji dIkSita (vi0 saM0 1510-1575) ne siddhAnta15 kaumudI kI prauDhamanoramA nAma kI vyAkhyA meM dazapAdIvRtti ke aneka pATha uddhRta kiye haiN| yathAprauDhamanoramA dazapAdovRtti ka-kharugabdasya krUro mUrkha- khanatIti kharu:-krUro zca ityarthadvayaM dazapAdIvRttya- | mUrkhazca / pRSTha 77 / 20 nusAreNoktam / pRSTha 751 kha-pharpharAdeza ityujjvala- asya abhyAsasya phAdezopadattarItyoktam / vastutastu dhAto- | dhAtvasalopA nipAtyante / pharpharIdvitvamukArasyAkAraH salopo ruk | kA / pRSTha 153 / cAbhyAsasyeti dazapAyoktameva | nyAyyam / pRSTha 787 / 2-devarAja yajvA (vi0 saM0 1370 se pUrva) ne apanI nighaNTuTIkA meM isa vRtti ke aneka pATha nAma nirdeza ke vinA uddhRta kiye haiM / yathA 1. ina saba pAThoM kA nirdeza hamane svasampAdita granthoM meM tattata sthAnoM 30 kI TippaNI meM kara diyA hai|

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uNAdi sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA nighaNTuTIkA dazapAdIvRtti bAhulakatvAdabhidhAnalakSaNAd ka- bAhulakAdabhidhAnalakSaNAdvA kvacinnakArasyet saMjJA na vA nakArasyetsaMjJA na bhavati / bhavatItyuNAdivRttiH pRSTha 106 / { pRSTha 276 / " kha - bAhulakAdabhighAnalakSa NAdvA nakArasyetsaMjJAyA prabhAva evAsmin sUtre vRttikAreNoktam / pRSTha 210 / 10 ga- Nilope copadhAyA hasva- asya gelu gupadhAhrasvatvaM ca tvaM nipAtyate / zIlayati zIla- { zIlanti tad zIlayanti taditi tIti vA zilpam yat kumbha- zilpam, kriyAkauzalaM karma yat kArAdInAM karma ityuNAdivRttiH / kumbhakArAdInAm / pRSTha 263 / pRSTha 171 / " 253 19 15 inameM prathama uddharaNa donoM meM sarvathA samAna hai, dvitIya uddharaNa samAna na hote hue bhI arthataH anuvAdarUpa hai / tRtIya uddharaNa donoM pAThoM meM arthataH samAna hone para bhI kucha pATha bheda rakhatA hai / isa bheda kA kAraNa hamAre vicAra meM devarAja dvArA dazapAdovRtti pATha kA svazabdoM meM nirdeza karanA hai / devarAja ke ukta pATha kA uNAdi kI anya vRttiyoM ke sAtha na zabdataH sAmya hai na arthataH / ataH devarAja ne dazapAdIvRtti pATha ko hI svazabdoM meM uddhRta kiyA hai, yaha spaSTa hai / 20 puruSakAra karoti kRNoti karatIti vA kAruH iti ca kasyAJciduNA- | kAruH / pRSTha 53 / divRttau dRzyate / pRSTha 38 | 19 3 - daivagrantha kI puruSakAra nAmnI vyAkhyA ke lekhaka kRSNa lIlAzukra muni (vi0 saM0 1300) ne bhI dazapAdIvRtti kA pATha vinA nAma nirdeza ke 'uddhRta 'kiyA hai / yathA 7 dazapAdIvRtti karoti kRNoti karati vA 25 4- - prAcArya hemacandra ( 12vIM zatI uttarArdha) ne svopajJa uNAdivRtti meM dazapAdI ke aneka pAThoM kA nAma nirdeza ke vinA ullekha kiyA hai / yathA 30

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15 254 25 10 nirdiSTa haiM / saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa haimoNAdivRtti dazapAdIvRtti syAmerdhAtoH kikan pratyayo kecit pratyayasya dIrghatvamicchanti / simIkaH - bhavati, samprasAraNaM ca pratyayasya / suukssmkRmi:| sUtra 44 / simIkaH sUkSmA kRmijAti: / pRSTha 135 / kha - parivatsarAdInyapi varSavizeSAbhidhAnAnItyeke / sUtra 436, pRSTha 78 / evaM parivatsaraH vivatsaraH, idvatsaraH, idAvatsaraH / idvatsara: ayanadvayaviSayaH / pRSTha 325 / isI prakAra haiM dhAtupArAyaNa meM bhI dazapAdIvRtti ke pATha bahutra 14..... 1 5 - kSIrasvAmI ne svakIya kSIrataraGgiNI meM bahutra dazapAdI - vRtti se sahAyatA lI hai / donoM ke pATha bahutra eka samAna haiM / kahIMkahIM eke prAdi dvArA parokSa rUpa se dazapAdovRtti kI ora saMketa bhI kiye haiN| yathA kSIrataraGgiNI janidAcyu ( u0 4 / 104) iti matsa: / maccha ityeke / 551 / 6 - kAzikAvRtti kA racayitA vAmana ( vi0 saM0 665 ) tRtIyA karmaNi (6 / 2 / 48) sUtra kI vyAkhyA meM prasaMgavaza dazapAdI - 20 vRtti kI ora saMketa karatA hai kAzikA dazapAdIvRtti Ayupapade kSi hani itye zAGi zrahanibhyAM hrasvazceti pra hirantodAtto vyutpAditaH / tAbhyAM dhAtubhyAmiN pratyayo kecittvAdyudAttamicchanti / pRSTha | bhavati Dicca, hrasvazca, pUrvapadasya codAttaH / pRSTha 41 / draSTavya-te samAnekhyaH sa ityudAttagrahaNamanuvarta dazapAdIvRtti ... janidAcyu (da0 u0 10 / 15 ) | "mAdyatIti maccha:- mattaH puruSaH / codAtta yanti / nyAsa bhAga 2, pRSTha 353 1. yaha pRSTha saMkhyA hamAre dvArA sampAdita dazapAdI uNAdivRtti kI hai / 30 Age bhI isI prakAra jor3eM /

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uNAdi-sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 255 dazapAdovRtti kA vaiziSTya-dazapAdIvRtti meM aneka vaiziSTaya haiN| usakA nirdeza hamane yathAsthAna svasampAdita dazapAdIvRtti meM kiyA hai / mukhya vaiziSTaya isa prakAra haiM 1-yaha vRtti upalabhyamAna sabhI uNAdivRttiyoM meM prAcInatama 2- kaunasA zabda kisa dhAtu se kisa kAraka meM vyutpAdya hai, yaha isa vRtti meM sarvatra spaSTa rUpa se darzAyA hai / yathA 'RcchatyayaMte vA RtuH kAlaH grISmAdiH, strINAM ca pusspkaalH| kartA karma ca / ' pRSTha 82 / 3-pANinIya dhAtupATha ke sAmpratika pATha meM anupalabhyamAna 10 bahuta sI dhAtuoM kA nirdeza upalabdha hotA hai / yathA ka-'kR karaNe bhau0 / karoti kRNoti karati vA kaarH|' pRSTha 253 / __kha-'dhUna kampane sau0 ke0, dhU vidhUnane bhau0 / dhUnoti dhunAti ghuvati vA dhuvakaH / pRSTha 126, 130 / ina pAThoM meM kR aura dhU dhAtu kA bhvAdigaNa meM pATha darzAyA hai, parantu pANinIya dhAtupATha ke sAmpratika pATha meM ye bhvAdi meM upalabdha nahIM hotiiN|' 4--isa vRtti meM eke kecit anye zabdoM dvArA bahutra pUrva vRttikAroM ke mata uddhRta haiN|' 5-isa vatti meM pRSTha 26, 124, 191, 192, 236 para kisI aise prAcIna koSa ke 6 zloka uddhRta haiM, jinameM vaidika padoM kA saMgraha bhI thaa| pRSTha 161, 192 meM jo zloka udghata haiM ve tarasAna aura mandasAna zabda veda viSayaka haiN| 6-isameM pRSTha 104 para luglope na pratyayakRtam tathA pRSTha 237 25 1. inameM se 'kRSa' kA bhvAdigaNa meM pATha kSIrataraGgiNI (1 / 639 ) meM upalabdha hotA hai, parantu 'dhU' kA bhvAdigaNa meM darzana vahAM bhI nahIM hotaa| 2. eke pRSTha 56, 267, 318 / kecit 222, 263 / anye 367 /

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15 20 256 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa para ghuTAM tRtIyazcaturtheSu ye do kAtantra vyAkaraNa ke sUtra uddhRta haiM / kAtantra meM ye sUtra kramaza: 3 / 8 / 28, 8 para haiM / 25 7- -- isake pRSTha 132 para kisI kAvya kA dhamaH kAJcanasyeva rAzi: vacana uddhRta hai / ' 10 2 - uNAdi prakaraNa vyutpattisAra TIkA dazapAdIvRtti ke uddharaNa - dazapAdIvRtti ke uddharaNa sAkSAt nAma nirdeza dvArA athavA eke apare zabdoM dvArA nimna granthoM meM upalabdha hote haiM 1 - siddhAnta candrikA subodhinI - prakriyAkaumudI TokA TIkA - mAdhavIyA dhAtuvRtti 3 - prajJAtanAmA dazapAdIvRtti 4- prauNAdika padArNava 5- siddhAntakaumudI TIkA tattvabodhinI 16- siddhAntakaumudITIkA prauDhamanoramA 7- narasiMhadevakRta bhASyaTIkAvivaraNa ( chalArI - TIkA ) 10 - devarAjayajvA kRta nighaNTuTIkA 11- daivaTIkA- puruSakAra 12- hama uNAdi vRtti 13 - haima-dhAtupArAyaNa 14- kSIrasvAmI - kSIrataraGgiNI 15 - nyAsa - kAzikAvivaraNapaJjikA 16 - kAzikAvRtti inameM se saMkhyA 3, 4 aura 14 ke granthoM meM uddhRta pAThoM ke atirikta anya sabhI granthoM meM uddhRta pAThoM kA nirdeza hamane svasampAdita dazapAdIvRtti meM yathAsthAna kara diyA hai / saMkhyA 3,4 tathA 14 ke grantha hamAre dvArA sampAdita saMskaraNa ke pazcAt upalabdha hue vA chape hai / 2 - ajJAtanAma (vi0 saM0 1200 se pUrva ) dazapAdI uNAdipATha kI kisI ajJAtanAma lekhaka kI vRtti upalabdha hotI hai / isa vRtti kA eka mAtra hastalekha kAzI ke 1. tulanA karo - 'dhAnto ghAtuH pAvakasyeva rAzi:' kSIrataraGgiNI dvArA uddhRta pATha pRSTha 136 tathA isakI TippaNI 3, 4, 5 /

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2/33 uNAdi sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 257 sarasvatI bhavana ke saMgraha meM surakSita hai / hamane isa vRtti kA pravalokana san 1940 meM kiyA thA aura usI samaya hamane isakI pratilipi kI thI / tAtkAlika pustakAlayAdhyakSa zrI paM0 nArAyaNa zAstrI khrIste ke kathanAnusAra ukta hastalekha unhoMne 'indaura' se prApta kiyA thA / yaha hastalekha navama pAda ke 16veM sUtra ke anantara khaNDita hai| aura madhya meM bhI bahuta jIrNa hone se truTita hai / hastalekha ke akSaravinyAsa tathA kAgaja kI avasthA se vidita hotA hai ki hastalekha kisI mahArASTrIya lekhaka dvArA likhita hai aura lagabhaga 150 varSa prAcIna hai / kAla - vRttikAra ke nAma Adi kA parijJAna na hone se isakA deza kAla prajJAta hai / isa vRtti kI uNAdisUtroM kI anya vRttiyoM se tulanA karane para vidita hotA hai ki yaha vRtti pUrva nirdiSTa dazapAdI "vRtti ke AdhAra para likhI gaI hai / isake sAtha hI yaha bhI pratIta hotA hai ki yaha vRtti hemacandra viracita uNAdivRtti se pUrvavartI hai / 15 hamAre isa anumAna meM nimna pramANa hai sUtra dazapAdI uNAdi kA eka sUtra hai - dheTa I ca ( 5143) / isa sUtra kI vyAkhyA[karate hue mANikyadeva ne dhenA zabda kA vyutpAdana isa se mAnA hai / parantu isa ajJAtanAmA vRttikAra ne ghayanti tAmiti dhInA sarasvatI mAtA ca nirdeza karake ghInA zabda kA vyutpAdana svIkAra kiyA hai| hemacandra ne svopajJa uNAdivRtti meM likhA hai- ItvaM cetyeke; dhInA / sUtra 268, pRSTha 46 / 20 * uNAdivAGamaya meM samprati jJAta vRttigranthoM meM akelI yahI vRtti hai, jisameM dhInA zabda kA sAdhutva darzAyA hai / anya saba vRttiyoM meM nA zabda kA hI nirdeza kiyA hai| isalie hemacandra ne eke zabda 25 dvArA isa vRtti kI ora saMketa kiyA hai, aisA hamArA anumAna hai / * yadi yaha anumAna ThIka ho, to isa vRtti kA kAla vi0 saM0 1200 se pUrva hogA / 3. viTThalArya (vi0 saM0 1520 ) viTThala ne apane pitAmaha rAmacandra viracita prakriyAkaumudI para 30

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258 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa prasAda nAma kI TIkA likhI hai / isI TIkA meM uNAdi- prakaraNa meM dazapAdI uNAdi pATha para eka prati saMkSipta vyAkhyA likhI hai| paricaya - viTThala ke pitA kA nAma nRsiMha aura pitAmaha kA nAma rAmacandra thA / viTThala ne vyAkaraNa zAstra kA adhyayana zeSakRSNa 5 ke putra rAmezvara apara nAma vIrezvara se kiyA thA / 10 kAla- viTThala kRta prasAda TIkA kA vi0 saM0 1536 kA eka hastalekha landana ke iNDiyA Aphisa ke saMgrahAlaya meM surakSita hai / ataH viTThala ne yaha TIkA vi0 saM0 1520 - 1530 ke madhya likhI hogI / viTThala tathA usake pitAmaha ke viSaya meM hama isa grantha ke 16veM adhyAya meM 'prakriyA kaumudI' ke prakaraNa meM likha cuke haiM / isa prakAra dazapAdI uNAdi pATha ke tIna hI vRtti grantha samprati upalabdha haiM / bhaTToji dIkSita dvArA paJcapAdI kA prAzrayaNa kara lene se uttarakAla meM paJcapAdI pATha kA hI paThana-pAThana adhika hone 15 lagA / isa kAraNa dazapAdI pATha aura usake vRtti grantha prAyaH utsanna se ho gaye / 5 - kAtantrakAra (vi0 saM0 2000 se pUrva ) uNAdisUtra pravaktA - kAtyAyana (vikrama samakAla ) 20 kAtantra vyAkaraNa ke mUla pravaktA ne kRdanta zabdoM kA anvAkhyAna nahIM kiyA thA / ataH kRdanta bhAga kA pravacana kAtyAyana gotraja vararuci ne kiyA / yaha hama isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM kAtantra ke prakaraNa meM likha cuke haiM / kAtantra vyAkaraNa se sambaddha eka uNAdipATha upa labdha hotA hai / uNAdisUtra kRdanta bhAga ke pariziSTa rUpa haiM / ataH kAtantra saMbaddha uNAdipATha kA pravacana bhI kAtyAyana vararuci ne hI kiyA 'thA, yaha spaSTa hai / yaha kAtyAyana vararuci mahArAja vikrama ke navaratnoM meM anyatama hai| 25 uNAdisUtra - pATha para vicAra - kAtantra vyAkaraNa se saMbaddha uNAdi pATha ke viSaya meM DA0 belvalkara mahodaya ne likhA hai ki 'kRtsatroM'

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uNAdi sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 25e meM uNAdipATha pIche se prakSipta huA pratIta hotA hai, kyoki durgasiMha kI vRtti meM uNAdisUtra paThita nahIM haiN|' belvalkara ke isa kathana kA DA0 jAnakI prasAda dviveda ne apane 'kAtantravyAkaraNavimarza' nAmaka zodha prabandha meM samucita uttara diyA hai| kAzmIra - baMga-madrAsa - pATha - DA0 dviveda ke lekhAnusAra kAzmIra pATha meM uNAdayo bhUte'pi dRzyante sUtra kRtprakaraNa meM paJcama pAda ke Arambha meM paThita hai aura usI ke AdhAra para isa pAda kI 'uNAdipAda' saMjJA hai / baMgapATha meM yaha sUtra caturthapAda ke anta ( 4/4/67) meM upalabdha hotA hai / * vRttikAra durgasiMha (vi0 saM0 600 - 680 ke madhya ) isa uNAdipATha para kAtantra ke vyAkhyAtA durgasiMha ( durgasiMhma) kI vRtti milatI hai / yaha vRtti madrAsa vizvavidyAlaya kI granthamAlA prakAzita ho cukI hai| 10 | kAtantra ke durganAmA do vyAkhyAkAra prasiddha haiM - eka vRttikAra, dUsarA vRttiTIkAkAra / yaha durgasiMha vRttikAra durgasiMha hai / vRttikAra 15 durgasiMha kAzikAvRttikAra se pUrvavartI hai, yaha hama isa grantha ke prathama bhAga kAtantra vRttikAra durgasiMha ke prakaraNa meM likha cuke haiM / baGgAkSaroM meM prakAzita durgasiMha vRtti sahita uNAdipATha meM pAMca pAda haiM aura sUtra saMkhyA 267 hai / DA0 cintAmaNi dvArA madrAsa se prakAzita uNAdipATha meM chaH pAda haiM aura sUtra saMkhyA 366 hai / baGgA - 20 kSara saMskaraNa meM durgasiMha kI vyAkhyA saMkSipta hai aura madrAsa saMskaraNa meM durga vyAkhyA vistRta hai / " hamane isa grantha meM pahale (saMska0 1 3) madrAsa saMskaraNa ko hI AdhAra mAna kara vivecanA kI thI / anya pAThoM kA usa samaya hameM jJAna nahIM thA / 25 1. sisTams Apha saMskRta grAmara, pRSTha 85 / uddhRta kAtantra vyAkaraNa vimarza, pRSTha 38 / 2. kAtantra vyAkaraNa vimarza, pRSTha 38 / 3. kAtantra vyAkaraNa vimarza, pRSTha 138, 1939 /

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260 . saskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 5 sarvadhara ugadhyAya, ramAnAtha paM0 gurupada hAladAra ne likhA hai-durgasiMha kI dRSTi lekara sarvadhara upAdhyAya ne upAdhyAya sarvasva meM uNAdipATha ke sakala sUtroM kI vyAkhyA kI hai| ramAnAtha cakravartI ne sAra nirNaya meM upAdhyAya sarvasva kA anusaraNa kiyA hai|' ina do vRttikAroM ke viSaya meM hameM kucha jJAna nahIM hai| . prAcInatama hastalekha-kAtantra uNAdipATha kA vi0 saM0 1231 kA eka hastalekha pATana ke granthabhaNDAra meM vidyamAna hai| yaha jJAta hastalekhoM meM saba se prAcIna hai| 6-candrAcArya (vi0 saM0 1000 se pUrva) AcArya candra ne svopajJa vyAkaraNa se saMbaddha uNAdipATha kA bhI pravacana kiyA thaa| isa uNAdipATha ko libiza ne svasampAdita cAndra vyAkaraNa meM udAharaNa-nirdeza pUrvaka chapavAyA hai| candragomI ke paricaya tathA kAla Adi ke viSaya meM hama isa 15 grantha ke prayama bhAga meM pRSTha 368-370 (ca0 saM0) para vistAra se likha cuke haiN| ___ saMkalana prakAra-candragomI ne apane uNAdipATha ko tIna pAdoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai| isa pATha kA saMkalana dazapAdI ke samAna antyavarNa krama se kiyA hai| tRtIya pAda ke anta meM kucha prakIrNa zabdoM kA saMgraha milatA hai| . . ba-va kA abheda-candragomI ne antastha vakArAnta garva zarva azva laTavA prabhRti zabdoM kA nirdeza bhI pavargIya bAnta prakaraNa meM kiyA hai| isase vidita hotA hai ki candragomI baMgadezavAsI hai| ataeva vaha pavargIya ba tathA antastha va meM bhedabuddhi na rakha skaa| 1. durgasiMhera dRSTi laiyA upAdhyAya sarvasve sarvadhara upAdhyAya ei sakasa sUtra vyAkhyA kariyA chaina / ramAnAtha cakravartIra sAranirNaye upAdhyAya sarvasva anusata haiyA cha / vyAkaraNadarzanera itihAsa, pRSTha 570 /

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uNAdi-sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 261 vRtti-libiza ne apane saMskaraNa meM sUtroM ke sAtha tatsAdhya zabdoM kA artha-sahita nirdeza kiyA hai| isase vidita hotA hai ki usane isa bhAga kA sampAdana kisI vRtti ke AdhAra para kiyA hai| yaha vatti saMbhavataH AcArya candra kI svopajJA hogii| ujjvaladatta ne uNAdivRtti 2 / 66 (pRSTha 63) meM likhA hai'kecidiha vRddhi nAnuvartayanti iti candraH / isase candrAcArya viracita vRtti kA sadbhAva spaSTa bodhita hotA 7-kSapaNaka (vi0 prathama zatI kA) prAcArya kSapaNaka prokta zabdAnuzAsana tathA tatsaMbaddha vRtti tathA 10 mahAnyAsa kA nirdeza hama isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM kara cuke haiN| vahIM kSapaNaka ke kAla kA nirdeza bhI kiyA jA cukA hai| kSapaNaka vyAkaraNa se saMbaddha koI uNAdipATha thA aura usa para koI vRtti bhI thI isakA parijJAna ujjvaladattIya uNAdivRtti se hotA hai| ujjvaladatta uNAdi 13158 sUtra kI vRtti ke anta meM likhatA 15 hai-kSapaNaka vRttAvatretizabda prAdyarthe vyAkhyAtaH / (pRSTha 60) yaha uNAdipATha aura usakI vRtti nizcaya hI AcArya kSapaNaka kI hai yaha uNAdipATha aura vRttigrantha samprati aprApya hai| 8-devanandI (vi0 saM0 500 se pUrva) . prAcArya devanandI ne svopajJa vyAkaraNa se saMbaddha uNAdipATha kA 20 bhI pravacana kiyA thaa| isakI svatantra pustaka isa samaya aprApya hai| abhayanandI kI mahAvRtti meM isake aneka sUtra uddhRta haiN|' / 1. dra0--pRSTha 3,17,118,119 Adi / vizeSa dra0--jainendra vyAkaraNa mahAvRtti ke prArambha meM 'jainendra zabdAnuzAsana aura usake khilapATha' zIrSaka hamArA lekh|

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5 10 15 262 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kAla -- devanandI ke kAla ke viSaya meM hama isa grantha ke prathama bhAga pRSTha 4e0-417 (ca0 saM0) para likha cuke haiM / jainendra- uNAdi pATha kA AdhAra - jainendra vyAkaraNa se pUrva paJcapAdI aura dazapAdI uNAdi pATha vidyamAna the / paJcapAdI ke prAcya modIcya tathA dAkSiNAtya tInoM pATha bhI jainendra se pUrvavartI haiM / mahAvRtti meM uddhRta katipaya sUtroM kI ina pUrvavartI uNAdinAThoM ke sUtroM se tulanA karane para vidita hotA hai ki jainendra uNAdipATha paJcapAdI ke prAcyapATha para prAzrita hai / isa anumAna meM nimna hetu hai abhayanandI ne 111 / 75 sUtra kI vRtti meM eka uNAdi-sUtra udghRta kiyA hai - pras sarvadhubhyaH / paJcapAdI prAcyapATha - sarvadhAtubhyo'sun |4|188 / / praudIcyapATha - asun / kSIrataraGgiNI, pRSTha 93 / dAkSiNAtyapATha--zrasun / zveta0 4 / 164 / --asun / 6 / 46 / 11 " dazapAdI pATha abhayanandI dvArA uddhRta pATha paJcapAdI ke prAcya pATha se prAyaH pUrI samAnatA rakhatA hai / anya pAThoM meM sarvadhAtubhyaH praza nahIM hai / 20 vRtti - mUla sUtrapATha ke hI anupalabdha hone para tatsaMvandhI vRtti ke viSaya meM kucha kahane kI AvazyakatA hI nahIM, punarapi zrAcArya devanandI dvArA svIya dhAtupATha aura liGgAnuzAsana para likhe gaye vyAkhyA granthoM' ke viSaya meM aneka pramANa upalabdha hone se isa bAta kI pUrI saMbhAvanA hai ki prAcArya ne svIya ugAdipATha para bhI koI vyAkhyA likhI ho / 25 1. dhAtupATha para likhe gae dhAtupArAyaNa grantha ke viSaya meM isI bhAga ke pRSTha 127-128 para dekheM / liGgAnuzAsana kI vyAkhyA ke lie liGgAnuzAsana ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA adhyAya dekheM /

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uNAdi-sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 263 9-vAmana (vi0 saM0 350 athavA 600 se pUrva) vAmana viracita zabdAnuzAsana ke viSaya meM isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM 'prAcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa' nAmaka 17 veM adhyAya meM likha cuke haiN| vAmana ne svazAstra-saMbaddha uNAdipATha kA bho pravacana kiyA hogA, aura usa para svazabdAnuzAsanavat vRtti bhI 5 likhI hogI, isameM sandeha kI sthiti nhiiN| vAmana kA uNAdipATha isa samaya ajJAta hai| 10-pAlyakIrti (vi0 saM0 871-924) AcArya pAlyakIrti ke vyAkaraNa aura usakI vRttiyoM kA varNana hama 'prAcAya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa' nAmaka 17veM adhyAya meM 10 kara cuke haiN| pAlyakIrti ne svopajJa tantra saMbaddha uNAdisUtroM kA bhI pravacana kiyA thA, yaha usake nimna sUtroM se spaSTa hai saMpradAnAccoNAdayaH / 4 / 3 / 57 // uNAdayaH / 4 / 3 / 280 zAkaTAyanIya liGgAnuzAsana kI TIkA meM likhA hai uNAdiSu thapratyayAnto nipaatyte| harSIya liGgAnuzAsana pariziSTa, pRSTha 125 / cintAmaNi nAmaka laghuvRtti ke racayitA yakSavarmA ne bhI sva. vRtti ke prArambha meM likhA hai-'uNAdikAn uNAdau '(zloka 11) / ina pramANoM se pAlyakIrti-prokta uNAdipATha kI sattA spaSTa hai| 20 pAlyakIti prokta uNAdipATha isa samaya aprApya hai| --- 11-bhojadeva (vi0 saM0 1075-1110) bhojadevaprokta sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa nAmaka zabdAnuzAsana kA varNana hama isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM 'prAcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa' nAmaka 17 veM adhyAya meM kara cuke haiN|

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264 saMskRta-vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa bhojIya-uNAdipATha-bhojadeva ne apane vyAkaraNa se saMbaddha uNAdi sUtroM kA pravacana kiyA hai| yaha uNAdipATha usake sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa vyAkaraNa ke dvitIya adhyAya ke 1-2-3 pAdoM meM paThita hai| bhoja kA sAhasa-prAcIna prAcAryoM ne dhAtupATha gaNapATha uNAdi 5 sUtra Adi kA zabdAnuzAsana ke khilapAThoM ke rUpa meM pravacana kiyA thaa| isa pRthak pravacana ke kAraNa vyAkaraNAdhyetA prAyaH zabdAnuzAsana mAtra kA adhyayana karake khilapAThoM kI upekSA karate the| usase utpanna honevAlI hAni kA vicAra karake mahArAja bhAjadeva ne atyadhika upekSya gaNapATha aura uNAdipATha ko apane zabdAnuzAsana ke 10 antargata par3hane kA satsAhasa kiyA / parantu bhAjIya zabdAnuzAsana ke paThanapAThana meM pracalita na hone se usakA vizeSa lAbha na huaa| vRttikAra 1. bhojadeva-hamane isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM 'prAcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa' nAmaka 17 veM adhyAya meM likhA hai ki bhoja15 deva ne svIya zabdAnuzAsana para koI vyAkhyA anya likhA thaa| yataH bhojIya uNAdisUtra usake zabdAnuzAsana ke antagata hai, ataH ina sUtroM para bhI ukta vyAkhyA grantha rahA hogA, isameM sandeha nhiiN| 2. daNDanAtha-daNDanAtha ne sarasvatokaNThAbharaNa para hRdayahAriNI nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai / yaha vyAkhyA TriveNDrama se prakAzita honevAle savyAkhyA sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa ke tRtoya bhAga meM chapa cukI hai| daNDanAthakRta uNAdi prakaraNa kI vyAkhyA madrAsa se pRthak bhI prakAzita huI hai| 3. rAmasiMha-rAmasiMha ne sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa kI ratnadarpaNa nAmnI vyAkhyA likhA thii| 4 padasindhusetukAra-kisI prajJAtanAmA vaiyAkaraNa ne sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa para padasindhusetu nAma kA prakriyAgrantha likhA thaa| ina vyAkhyAkAroM ke viSaya meM hama prathama bhAga meM yathAsthAna likha cuke haiN| 20 25

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2/34 uNAdi-sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 265 12-buddhisAgara sUri (vi0 saM0 1080) AcArya buddhisAgara sUri prokta buddhisAgara vyAkaraNa kA ullekha prathama bhAga meM 'prAcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa' nAmaka' 17veM adhyAya meM kara cuke haiM / isa vyAkaraNa kA nAma paJcagranthI bhI hai / isa nAma se hI spaSTa hai ki buddhisAgara sUri ne zabdAnuzAsana 5 ke sAtha-sAtha cAra khila pAThoM kA bhI pravacana kiyA thaa| ina khilapAThoM meM eka uNAdipATha bhI avazya rahA hogaa| buddhisAgara sUri ne apane vyAkaraNa ke sabhI aGgoM para svayaM vyAkhyA grantha bhI likhe the| 13-hemacandra sUri (vi0 saM0 1145-1229) 10 prAcArya hemacandra ne apane vyAkaraNa se saMbaddha uNAdipATha kA pravacana kiyA thA, aura usa para svayaM vivati likhI thii|' hastalekhoM ke anta meM vivaraNa zabda se bhI isakA nirdeza milatA hai|' ___ yaha uNAdipATha sabase adhika vistRta hai| isameM 1006 sUtra haiM / isakI vyAkhyA bhI paryApta vistRta haiM / isakA parimANa 2800 " aTThAIsa sau zloka haiN|' anya vRtti-haimoNAdivRtti ke sampAdaka johana kirTa ne upoddhAta pRSTha 2 V. saMketita eka hastalekha kA varNana kiyA hai| usakI mudritapATha se jo tulanA darzAI hai, usase vidita hotA hai ki ukta hastalekha hemacandra kI bRhavRtti kA saMkSeparUpa hai| isa vRtti kA nAma uNAdigaNasUtrAvacUri hai| lekhaka kA nAma aMjJAta hai / haima vyAkaraNa ke dhAtupATha para eka pravacUri TIkA vikrama 1. prAcAryahemacandraH karoti vivRti praNamyAham / prArambhika zloka / 2. ityAcArya hemacandra kRtaM svopajJoNAdigaNavivaraNa samAptam // cha / granthamAne zata 2800 aSTaviMzati zatAni / ........ hemoNAdivRtti, johana .. kirTa sampA0, upoddhAta pRSTha 1 / 3. dra0-ukta TippaNI 2 / 4. hemoNAdibhUmikA pRSTha 2 /

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266 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa vijayamuni ne sampAdita karake prakAzita kI hai / isa grantha ke anta meM granthakartA kA nAma anullikhita hai / hastalekha ke anta meM jayavIragaNinA'lekhi nirdeza milatA hai| yaha pratilipikartA kA nAma pratIta hotA hai / haima liGgAnuzAsana para bhI eka avacUri nAmnI vyAkhyA 5 chapI huI upalabdha hotI hai / isake lekhaka kA nAma kanakaprabha hai| haima uNAdivivaraNa ke sampAdaka ne uNAdigaNasUtrAvari ke hastalekha ke antya truTitapATha kI pUrti isa prakAra kI hai-sampUrNA [[vajayazIlagaNinAlekhi] // shubhN.....|' uNAdinAmamAlA-isa uNAdivRtti ke lekhaka kA nAma zubhazIla 10 hai / isakA kAla vi0 kI 15vIM zatI kA uttarArdha hai / 14-malayagiri prAcArya malayagiri ke vyAkaraNa kA paricaya hama isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM 'prAcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa' nAmaka 17veM adhyAya meM de cake haiN| usane uNAdisUtroM kA bhI pravacana kiyA thA, 15 para samprati ve upalabdha nahIM hai / 15-kramadIzvara (vi0 saM0 1300 se pUrva) kramadIzvaraprokta saMkSiptasAra aparanAma jaumara vyAkaraNa ke viSaya meM isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM 'prAcArya pANini se uttaravartI vaiyAkaraNa' nAmaka 17 veM adhyAya meM likha cuke haiN| kramadIzvara ne 20 svatantra svazAstra saMbaddha uNAdipATha kA bhI pravacana kiyA thaa| vRttikAra 1. kramadIzvara-jumaranandI-kramadIzvara ne svIya zabdAnuzAsana para eka vRtti likhI hai, jisakA parizodhana jumaranandI ne kiyA hai| usI ke antargata uNAdisUtroM para bhI vRtti hai / isakA eka hastalekha 25 1. haimoNAdi bhUmikA, pRSTha 2 /

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uNAdi sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 267 landana ke iNDiyA aphisa pustakAlaya ke saMgraha meM hai / usake anta kA pATha isa prakAra hai 'iti zrIkramadIzvarakRtI jumarana ndiparizodhitAyAM vRttau uNAdipAdaH samAptaH / ' zivadAsa - zivadAsa cakrakatI ne jaumara vyAkaraNa se sambaddha uNAdipATha para eka vRtti likhI hai| isakA eka hastalekha madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha saMgraha ke sUcIpatra ke pRSTha 7606 para nirdiSTa hai / isakA dUsarA hastalekha landana ke iNDiyA grAphisa pustakAlaya ke sUcIpatra bhAga 1, khaNDa 2, saMkhyA 771 para ullikhita hai / tIsarA DiyAra saMgraha ke vyAkaraNa vibhAgIya sUcI saMkhyA 716 para nirdiSTa haiM / uNAdi pariziSTa tathA vRtti - praDiyAra saMgraha vyAkaraNa zAstrIya granthasUcI saM0 717 para kramadIzvarakRta uNAdipariziSTa kA nirdeza hai, aura saMkhyA 718 para uNAdipariziSTavRtti kA nirdeza milatA hai / 16 - mugdhabodha sambaddha uNAdi - pATha vopadeva kRta mugdhabodha vyAkaraNa kA vivaraNa hama prathama bhAga meM 'AcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa' nAmaka 17 veM adhyAya meM prastuta kara cuke haiM / mugvabodha vyAkaraNa se sambaddha eka uNAdipATha bhI hai / 15 20 isa uNAdipATha aura usakI vRtti ke viSaya meM DA0 zannodevI ( dehalI) ne 'vopadeva kA saMskRta vyAkaraNa ko yogadAna' nAmaka apane zodhaprabandha meM pRSTha 437-436 taka likhA hai / isake viSaya meM hama prathama bhAga meM vopadevIya mugdhabodha vyAkaraNa ke prasaMga meM likha cuke haiM / 1. iNDiyA Aphisa pustakAlaya, sUcIpatra bhAga 1, khaNDa 2, saMkhyA 836 / 25

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265 . saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 17-sArasvata-vyAkaraNakAra (vi0 saM0 1300 ke samIpa) sArasvata vyAkaraNa se saMbaddha uNAdisUtra upalabdha hote haiN| ina kA pravaktA anubhUtisvarUpAcArya hai| isameM kevala 33 sUtra haiN| --- 18-rAmAzrama (vi0 saM0 1741 se pUrva) 5 rAmAzrama ne sArasvata kA 'siddhAnta candrikA' nAma se jo rUpA ntara kriyA, usake uNAdisUtroM kI 370 saMkhyA hai| tathA yaha pAMca pAdoM meM vibhakta hai| vyAkhyAkAra 1. rAmAzrama-rAmAzrama ne sArasvata sUtroM para siddhAntacandrikA 10 nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai| usameM uNAdisUtroM kI bhI yathAsthAna vyAkhyA kI hai / yaha rAmAzrama bhaTToji dIkSita kA putra bhAnuji dIkSita hI hai, aisA granthakAroM kA mata hai|' yadi yaha mata ThIka ho to isakA kAla vi0 saM0 1650 ke lagabhaga hogaa| 2. lokezakara-lokezakara ne siddhAntacandrikA para tattvadIpikA nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai| usa meM yathAprakaraNa uNAdisUtra vyAkhyAta haiN| lokezakara ke pitA kA nAma kSemakara aura pitAmaha kA nAma rAmakara thaa| 3. sadAnanda-sadAnanda ne siddhAntakaumudI kI tattvabodhinI TIkA kA anusaraNa karake siddhAntacandrikA para subodhinI nAmnI eka TIkA likhI hai / yaha TIkA pUrvanirdiSTa tattvadIpikA se acchI hai| ___ sadAnanda ne subodhinI kI racanA vi0 saM0 1766 meM kI thii| lokezakara aura sadAnanda kI donoM TokAe kAzI se prakAzita ho cukI haiN| 4. vyutpattisArakAra-kisI ajJAtanAmA lekhaka kI vyutpattisAra nAma kI eka vyAkhyA isa uNAdi para milatI hai| isake lekhaka 1. kAzI mudrita sArasvatacandrikA bhAga 2 kI bhUmikA, pRSTha 2 /

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uNAdi sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 266 ne sampUrNa siddhAntacandrikA para vyAkhyA likhI, athavA uNAdibhAga mAtra para yaha ajJAta hai | deza - isa vyAkhyA kA lekhaka paJjAba prAnta kA nivAsI hai, yaha isa vRtti meM paJjAbI zabdoM ke nirdeza se vyakta hotA hai yathA chajja iti bhASA pRSTha 77, zrakka pRSTha 80, saroM pRSTha 88 iTTAM 5 pRSTha 10, cikkar3a pRSTha 111, chAnaNI pRSTha 152 / ' kAla - isa vRtti kA eka hastalekha bhUtapUrva lAlacanda pustakAlaya DI0 e0 vI0 kAleja lAhaura, vartamAna meM vizvezvarAnanda anusandhAna vibhAga hoziyArapura meM vidyamAna hai / usake anta meM nimna pATha hai'1930 mAsa jyeSThazudi caturdazyAM tithau lipi kRtaM gaNapatizarmaNA / ' isa nirdeza se itanA spaSTa hai ki isa vyAkhyA kI racanA vi0 saM0 1930 se pUrva huI hai / yaha vyAkhyA pUrvanirdiSTa, subodhinI se prAyaH milatI hai / anya hastalekha - isake eka hastalekha kA nirdeza hama Upara kara 15 cuke haiM / usakI hamane svayaM eka pratilipi kI thI / tadanantara isakA eka hastalekha bArahadarI - zAhadarA lAhaura ke samIpa virajAnanda zrAzrama meM nivAsa karate hue hameM rAvI ke jalapravAha se prApta katipaya pustakoM ke madhya upalabdha huA thA / yaha hastalekha apUrNa hai, aura hamAre saMgraha meM surakSita hai / 20 16 - padmanAbhadatta (vi0 saM0 1400 ) padmanAbhadatta ke supadma vyAkaraNa kA ullekha isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM 'AcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa' nAmaka 17 veM adhyAya meM kara cuke haiM / padmanAbhadatta ne svIya-tantra saMbaddha uNAdi - pATha kA bhI pravacana kiyA thA / 25 1. yaha pRSTha saMkhyA hamAre hastalekha kI hai /

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10 saMskRta vyAkaraNa- zAstra kA itihAsa vRttikAra 1. padmanAbhadatta - padmanAbhadatta ne apane uNAdisUtroM para svayaM eka vRtti likhI hai / usakA eka hastalekha landana ke iNDiyA grAphisa pustakAlaya ke sUcIpatra bhAga 1, khaNDa 2, saMkhyA 861 para nirdiSTa hai / usakA prArambha kA pATha isa prakAra hai 270 25 'praNamya gopIjanavallabhaM hari supadmakAreNa vidhIyate'dhunA / aco'tvakA vikramato'jjhalayoruNAdivRtteriti sArasaMgrahaH // buruNAderbahudhA kRto'sti yo manISidAmodaradattasUnunA / supadmanAbhena supadmasammataM vidhiH samagraH sugamaM samasyate // ....gopIjanaballabhaM praNamya idAnoM supadmakAreNa uNAdivRttiriti sArasaMgraho vidhIyate / ' padmanAbhadatta ne isa uNAdivRtti kI sUcanA apanI paribhASAvRtti meM bhI dI hai| 15 isa prakAra vijJAtasambandha uNAdipAThoM ke pravaktAoM aura vyA khyAtAoM kA varNana karake anirjJAta-sambandha uNAdisUtroM ke vRttikAroM kA varNana karate haiM anitasaMbandha vRtti vA vRttikAra 1. utkaladatta utkaladatta viracita uNAdivRtti kA eka hastalekha 'madhya prAnta 20 aura barAra' ( seNTrala proviMsa eNDa barAra ) ke hastalekha sUcIpatra (san 1926) ke saMkhyA 487 para nirdiSTa hai / isa vRtti ke sambandha meM hama isase adhika kucha nahIM jAnate / yaha saMbhAvanA hai ki kahIM nAmabhraMga se ujjvaladatta kA utkaladatta na bana gayA ho / 2. uNAdivivaraNakAra alavara rAjakIya hastalekha saMgraha ke sUcIpatra meM saMkhyA 1124

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uNAdi sUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 271 para eka uNAdiTIkA nirdiSTa haiM / isake kartA kA nAma ajJAta hai / TIkA ke Arambha kA zloka isa prakAra hai vidhAya gurupAdayoH praNatimArtaduHkhocchido yathAmati, viracyate vivaraNaM nAdyakRti: ( hya NAdyAkRteH) / prathitimetadetu tvarA, samasta budhasadRzA paropakRtihetukaM yadi samastamodapradam // 1 // isa zloka se vidita hotA hai ki isa TIkA kA nAma vivaraNa hai| 3. uNAdivRttikAra madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha saMgraha ke sUcIpatra ke pRSTha 7609 para 10 nirjJAtakartRka uNAdivRtti kA eka hastalekha nirdiSTa hai / haradatta phekTa ne apanI bRhad hastalekha sUcI meM haradatta viracita uNAdisUtrodghATana nAma kI vRtti kA ullekha kiyA hai / isakA ullekha hameM anyatra kahIM nahIM milA / haradatta nAma kA eka prasiddha vaiyAkaraNa kAzikA kI padamaJjarI nAmnI vyAkhyA kA lekhaka hai / uNAdisUtrodghATana kA lekhaka yadi yahI haradatta ho, to yaha vRtti sambhavataH paJcapAdI pATha para rahI hogI, aura isakA kAla vi0 saM0 1995 hogA / 15 padamaJjarIkAra haradatta ne paribhASA pATha para paribhASA - prakaraNa 20 nAmaka eka grantha likhA thA' / isase isa bAta kI adhika sambhAvanA haiM ki yaha vRtti padamaJjarIkAra haradatta viracita ho / 5. gaGgAdhara 6. vrajarAja ina donoM vaiyAkaraNoM dvArA viracita uNAdivRtti kA ullekha praphekTa ne apanI bRhad hastalekha sUcI meM kiyA hai| inake viSaya meM hama isase adhika kucha nahIM jAnate / 25 1. etaccAsmAbhiH paribhASAprakaraNAkhye / pada0 bhAga 2 pRSTha 437 / ...

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272 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 7. saMkSiptasArakAra saMkSiptasAra nAmaka uNAdivRtti zabdakalpadrumakoza meM bahudhA uddhRta haiM / yathA 'rAhu' zabda para, pRSTha 160, kAlama 1; 'sina' zabda para, pRSTha 352, kAlama 3 / sambhava hai ki yaha 'saMkSiptasAra' aparanAma 5 'jomara' vyAkaraNa se saMbaddha ho / isa prakAra uNAdisUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtAmoM kA varNana karake agale adhyAya meM hama liGgAnuzAsana ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtAmoM kA varNana kreNge|

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5 paccIsavAM adhyAya liGgAnuzAsana ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA strItva pustva Adi liGga jaise prANijagat ke pratyeka vyakti ke saMsthAna ke sAtha saMbaddha haiM, usI prakAra strItva pustva Adi liGga pratyeka nAma zabda ke avibhAjya aGga haiN| isalie liGgonuzAsana 5 zabdAnuzAsana kA eka avayava hai| usake anuzAsana ke vinA zabda kA anuzAsana adhurA rahatA hai| itanA hone para bhI liGgAnuzAsana, dhAtupATha, gaNapATha aura uNAdipATha ke samAna zabdAnuzAsana ke kisI viziSTa sUtra athavA sUtroM ke sAtha saMbaddha nahIM hai / use to zabdAnuzAsana kA sAkSAt avayava hI mAnanA hogaa| isIlie prAyaH pratyeka 10 zabdAnuzAsana ke pravaktA ne sva-tantra-saMbaddha liGgAnuzAsana kA bhI pravacana kiyaa| katipaya aise bhI granthakAra haiM, jinhoMne zabdazAstra kA pravacana na karate hue liGgajJAna kI kaThinAI ko dUra karane ke lie kevala liGgAnuzAsanoM kA hI pravacana kiyaa| yathA harSavardhana tathA vAmana Adi ne / prajJAta liGgAnuzAsana pravaktA vA liGgAnuzAsana liGgAnuzAsana para jitane grantha samprati jJAta haiM, unameM se kucha pravaktAoM ke nAma jJAta hai, kucha ke ajJAta / harSavardhanIya liGgAnuzAsana ke madrAsa saMskaraNa ke sampApaka ve0 veGkaTarAma zarmA ne prIphesa pRSTha XXXIV,V para 23 granthakAroM vA granthoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| 20 DA0 zrI rAma avadha pANDeya ne sammelana patrikA (prayAga) varSa 46, saMkhyA 3 meM chape 'saMskRta meM liGgAnuzAsana sAhitya' zIrSaka lekha meM 41 granthoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| inameM se katipaya nAmoM para lekhaka ne svayaM sandeha prakaTa kiyA hai| hama isa prakaraNa meM 24 granthoM kA saMkSipta vivaraNa aura 16 granthoM kA nAmataH ullekha prastuta kreNge|' 1. hamAre dvArA prakAzita yaha rA0 ka0 ka0 TrasTa, vahAlagar3ha (sonIpata) se prApya hai / vAmanIya liGgAnuzAsana sampAdakIya meM 36 nAmoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai|

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5 saMskRta-vyAkaraNa zAstra kA itihAsa prAkpANinIya liGgAnuzAsana - pravaktA pANini se pUrvavartI jitane zabdAnuzAsana pravaktAoM kA hameM parijJAna hai, unameM se kevala do hI prAcArya aise haiM, jinhoMne sva-tantrasaMbaddha liGgAnuzAsana kA bhI pravacana kiyA thaa| ve haiM zantanu aura vyADi | 274 25 aba hama parijJAta liGgAnuzAsana pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtAoM kA kramazaH varNana karate haiM-- 1 - zantanu ( vi0 se 3100 pUrva ) prAcArya zantanu ne kisI paJcAGga vyAkaraNa kA pravacana kiyA 10 thA, yaha hama phiTsUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA nAmaka adhyAya meM likheMge / zAntanava uNAdipATha kA nirdeza hama pUrva adhyAya meM kara cuke haiM / prAcArya zantanu ne sva-tantra-saMbaddha kisI liGgAnuzAsana kA bhI pravacana kiyA thaa| isa bAta kI puSTi harSavardhanIya liGgAnuzAsana ke sampAdaka ve0 veGkaTarAma zarmA ke upodghAta ( pRSTha 34 ) se hotI hai / 15 2 - vyADi ( vi0 se 2850 pUrva) prAcArya vyADi prokta zabdAnuzAsana ke viSaya meM hama ke prathama bhAga meM pRSTha 143 - 145 ( ca0 saM0) taka likha vyADi ke paricaya dezakAla Adi ke viSaya meM hamane isa grantha ke prathama bhAga ( ca0 saM0) meM pRSTha ( 298 - 305 ) taka vistAra se pratipAdana kiyA hai pAThaka isa viSaya meM vahIM dekheM / 20 liGgAnuzAsana isa grantha cuke haiM / prAcAyaM vyADi viracita liGgAnuzAsana kA ullekha aneka liGgAnuzAsana ke pravaktAoM ne kiyA hai / yathA 1. hemacandrAcArya svopajJa liGgAnuzAsana- vivaraNa meM likhatA hai'[ zaku - ] puMsi vyADi, striyAM vAmanaH punnapuMsako'yamiti buddhisAgara: / ' pRSTha 103, paM0 14, 15 /

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5 liGgAnuzAsana ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 275 2. vAmana svIya liGgAnuzAsana ke anta meM likhatA hai'vyADipraNItamatha vArarucaM sacAndraM ..... / ' zloka 31 / 3. harSavardhana svaprokta liGgAnuzAsana ke anta meM pUrvAcAryoM kA nirdeza karatA huprA likhatA hai 'vyADeH zaGkaracandrayorvararace vidyAnidheH pANineH / ' zloka 87 / ina ullekhoM se prAcArya vyADi kA liGgAnuzAsana-pravaktRtva spaSTa hai / vyADiprokta liGgAnuzAsana kI itanI prasiddhi hone para bhI hameM adya yAvat usakA koI aisA uddharaNa nahIM milA, jisase usake svarUpa kI sAkSAt pratipatti ho ske| vAmana ke nimna vacana se vyADi-prokta liGgAnuzAsana ke viSaya meM kucha prakAza par3atA hai- sUtrabaddha-vAmana ne svIya liGgAnuzAsana kI vRtti meM likhA hai'pUrvAcAryADipramukhailiGgAnuzAsanaM sUtraruktaM, granthavistareNa ca / ' pRSTha 2 / vistRta--vyADi kA liGgAnuzAsana ati vistRta thaa| isakA nirdeza vAmana ne svopajJa vRtti ke prArambha meM bhI kiyA hai 'vyADipramukhaiH prapaJcabahulam ... / ' pRSTha 1 / isase adhika vyADi ke liGgAnuzAsana ke viSaya meM hama kucha nahIM jaante| 10 15 3-pANini (vi0 se 2800 pUrva) pANini ne svazabdAnuzAsana se saMbaddha liGgAnuzAsana kA bhI 20 pravaMcana kiyA thaa| yaha liGgAnuzAsana samprati upalabdha hai, aura etadviSayaka prAcIna ArSa granthoM meM yahI avaziSTa hai / yaha sUtrAtmaka hai| kotha kA niyuktika kathana--kItha ne vinA kisI prakAra kI yukti vA pramANa upasthita kie likhA hai-- 'pANini ke nAma se prasiddha liGgAnuzAsana itanA prAcIna nahIM ho

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276 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa sktaa|" prAcIna paramparA-pANinIya tathA uttaravartI vaiyAkaraNa sampradAya ke sabhI lekhaka isa bAta meM pUrNa sahamata haiM ki vartamAna meM pANinIya rUpa se svIkRta liGgAnuzAsana kA pravaktA AcArya pANini ho hai| 5 nidarzanArtha hama yahAM haradatta kA eka pATha uddhRta karate haiM 'apsumana samAsikatAvarSANAM bahutvaM ceti pANinIya sUtram / ' padamaJjarI bhAga 1, pRSTha 464 / __ yaha pANinIya liGgAnuzAsana kA 26 vAM sUtra haiN| isI prakAra padamaJjarI bhAga 2, pRSTha 22 bhI draSTavya hai / kAtyAyana tathA pataJjali-mahAbhASyakAra ne 7 / 1 / 33 meM kAtyAyana ke na vA liGgAbhAvAt vArtika kI vyAkhyA karate hue likhA hai-aliGga yussmdsmdii| ___ kAtyAyana ke vArtika aura pataJjali ke vyAkhyAna kI pANinIya liGgAnuzAsana ke avaziSTaM liGgam, avyayaM katiyuSmadasmadaH (antima 15 prakaraNa) sUtroM ke sAtha tulanA karane se spaSTa hai ki kAtyAyana aura pataJjali isa pANinIya liGgAnuzAsana se paricita the| isa prakAra sampUrNa paramparA ke viparIta kItha kA niyuktika aura pramANarahita pratijJAmAtra lekha sarvathA heya haiM / katipaya pAzcAttya vidvAnoM kA yaha SaDyantra hai ki ve bhAratIya prAmANika granthoM ko bhI 20 vinA pramANa ke aprAmANika kahate rahe, jisase bhAratIya vAGamaya kI aprAmANikatA baddhamUla ho jAye / kyoMki ye loga rAjanIti ke isa tattva ko jAnate haiM ki eka asatya bAta ko bhI barAbara kahate rahane para vaha satyavata samajha lI jAtI hai| Aja bhAratIya aitihAsika vidvAn prAyaH aise hI asatya rUpa se pratiSThApita aitihaya ko satya / samajha kara AMkha mIMca kara pAzcAttya matoM ko pramANa mAna rahe haiN| vyAkhyAkAra 1. bhaTTa utpala bhaTTa utpala ne pANinIya liGgAnuzAsana para eka vyAkhyA likhI 1. hindI anuvAda, pRSTha 513 //

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liGgAnuzAsana ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 277 thii| isakA sAkSAt ullekha hameM kahIM nahIM milaa| harSavardhana ke liGgAnuzAsana ke sampAdaka ve. veGkaTarAma zarmA ne isakA nirdaza kiyA hai| usakA deza kAlAdi ajJAta hai| 2. rAmacandra (vi0 saM0 1480 ke lagabhaga) rAmacandrAcArya ne prakriyAkaumudI ke antargata pANinIya liGgAnu- 5 zAsana kI eka vyAkhyA kI hai| rAmacandra ke kAlAdi ke viSaya meM hama pUrva likha cuke haiN| 3. bhaTToji dIkSita (vi0 saM0 1510-1575) bhaTToji dIkSita ne pANinIya liGgAnuzAsana para do vRttiyAM likhI haiM / eka-zabdakaustubha-antargata, dvitIya-siddhAntakaumudI ke 10 anta meN| zabdakaustubhAntargata-zabdakaustubha ke dvitIya adhyAya ke caturtha pAda ke liGgaprakaraNa meM prasaMgAt liGgAnuzAsana kI TIkA kI hai| siddhAntakaumudI ke anta meM-eka vRtti siddhAntakaumudI ke anta meM likhI hai| ina donoM meM siddhAntakaumudI kI apekSA zabdakaustubha-antargata vRtti kucha adhika vistRta hai| TIkAkAra-siddhAntakaumudI ke anta meM vartamAna liGgAnuzAsana vRtti para kisa-kisa TIkAkAra ne TIkAe likhIM, yaha ajJAta hai| bhairava mizra-hAM, bhairava mizra praNIta eka TIkA prAyaH paThana-pAThana 20 meM vyavahata hotI hai / bhairava mizra ke pitA kA nAma bhavadeva mizra thaa| yaha agastya kula kA thaa| isakA kAla vi.saM. 18501600 ke madhya hai| 4. nArAyaNa bhaTTa (vi0 saM0 1617-1733) nArAyaNa bhaTTa ne svIyaprakriyAkaumudI ke antargata pANinIya 25 liGgAnuzAsana para vRtti likhI thii| 1. harSa kRta liGgAnuzAsana, nivedanA, pRSTha 35 / .

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278 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa nArAyaNa bhaTTa ke kAla Adi ke viSaya meM isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM 'pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke prakiyA granthakAra' nAmaka 16 veM adhyAya meM likha cuke haiN| 5. rAmAnanda (vi0 saM0 1680-1720) siddhAntakaumudI ke TIkAkAra kAzIvAsI rAmAnanda sarayUpArINa ne liGgAnuzAsana para eka TIkA likhI thii| yaha apUrNa upalabdha hotI haiN| rAmAnanda ke sambandha meM hama pUrva bhAga 1 meM 'siddhAntakaumudI ke vyAkhyAtA' prakaraNa (a0 16) meM likha cuke haiN|' 6. ajJAtanAmA (vi0 saM0 1825 se pUrva) pANinIya liGgAnuzAsana kI eka vRtti vizvezvarAnanda saMsthAna hoziyArapura ke saMgraha meM haiM / isake racayitA kA nAma prajJAta hai| isa hastalekha ke anta meM nimna pATha hai 'iti pANinIyaliGgAnuzAsanavRttau avyayAdhikAraH / iti liGgAnuzAsanavRttiH samAptA / saMvat 1825 zrAvaNavadi 13 dine 15 sampUrNa kRtaM likhitaM paThanArtham / devI sahAya / dra0-hastalekha sUcI bhAga 2, pRSTha 86, granthasaMkhthA 1162 / isase itanA anumAna ho sakatA hai ki isa vRtti kI racanA vi0saM0 1825 se pUrva huI hai / kyoMki vi0 saM0 1825 meM lekhaka ne paThanArtha ise likhA hai| ata: vi0 saM0 1825 isakA pratilipi kAla hai| 7.8. ajJAtanAmA pANinIya liGgAnuzAsana kI kinhI ajJAta nAmA vyaktiyoM dvArA likhI gaI do vRttiyoM ke hastalekha bhaNDArakara prAcyavidyA zodha pratiSTAna pUnA ke saMgraha meM haiM / dra0 vyAkaraNa vibhAgIya hastalekha (san 1638) saMkhyA 275; 488/1884 / 87 tathA saMkhyA 276; 312/ 1875-76 / 1. rAmAnanda ke liye dekho-pAla iNDiyA moriyaNTala kAnphreMsa 12 vAM adhivezana, san 1941, bhAga 4, pRSTha 47.48 /

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liGgAnuzAsana ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 276 6. nArAyaNa sudhI (vi0 saM0 1800) nArAyaNa sudhI ne aSTAdhyAyI para zabdabhUSaNa nAmnI eka vyAkhyA likhI hai| isameM tRtIya adhyAya dvitIya pAda ke anta meM uNAdi aura SaSThAdhyAya ke dvitIya pAda ke anta meM phiTa sUtroM kI vyAkhyA kI haiM, yaha hama paJcaSAdI uNAdi vyAkhyAkAra ke prasaGga meM likha cuke haiN| 5 isase anumAna hotA hai ki dvitIya adhyAya ke caturtha pAda ke antargata liGgaprakaraNa ke pazcAta pANinIya liGgAnazAsana kI bhI vyAkhyA kI hogI, jaise bhaTToji dIkSita ne zabdakaustubha meM kI hai| nArAyaNa sudhI kA deza-kAla ajJAta haiN| 10. tArAnAtha tarkavAcaspati ( vi0 saM0 1930 ) 1. baMgAla ke prasiddha vaiyAkaraNa tArAnAtha tarkavAcaspati ne pANinIya liGgAnuzAsana kI eka vyAkhyA likhI hai| yaha anya vyAkhyAoM se kucha vistRta hai| pANinIya liGgAnuzAsana kA pATha liGgAnuzAsana kI upalabdha vRttiyoM ke avalokana se vidita hotA 15 hai ki pANinIya liGgAnuzAsana kA sUtrapATha atyadhika bhraSTa ho gayA hai| isa ke zuddhapATha ke sampAdana kI mahatI AvazyakatA hai| 4. candragomI (vi0 saM0 1100 pUrva) candragomI-prokta liGgAnuzAsana ke pATha haima liGgAnuzAsana ke svopajJavivaraNa tathA sarvAnanda ke amaraTIkAsarvasva prAdi aneka granthoM 20 meM uddhRta milate haiM / sarvAnandoghRta pATha* 'dhArAndhakArazikharasahasrAGgAratoraNAH' iti punapuMsakAdhikAre candragomI / bhAga 2, pRSTha 47 / tathA ca candragomI-'IdUdantA ya ekAcca idantAGgAni dehinaH' iti / bhAga 4 / 174 / 25 pAThoM se vidita hotA hai ki yaha liGgAnuzAsana chandobaddha thaa| yaha isa samaya aprApya hai|

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa cAndravRtti - candrAcArya ne svIya zabdAnuzAsana ke samAna apane liGgAnuzAsana para bhI eka vRtti likhI thii| 280 candragomI ke paricaya ke liye dekhiye isa grantha kA prathama bhAga 'prAcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa' nAmaka 17 vAM adhyAya / 5 - vararuci (vikrama samakAlIna) vararuci nAmaka vaiyAkaraNa ne prAryA chanda meM liGgAnuzAsana kA pravacana kiyA hai| yaha liGgAnuzAsana mUla aura kisI vRtti ke saMkSepa ke sAtha harSavardhana ke liGgAnuzAsana ke anta meM chapA hai / vararuci kA kAla - vararuci ke kAla Adi kI vivecanA hama isa 10 grantha ke prathama bhAga pRSTha 485 - 487 ( ca0 saM0) para kara cuke haiM / vAraruca liGgAnuzAsana ke anta meM nimna pATha upalabdha hotA hai ' iti zrImadvAgvilAsamaNDita sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNAnekavizaraNazrI narapati sevitA vikramAditya kirITakoTinighRSTa caraNAravindAcAryavararuciviracito liGgavizeSavidhiH samAptaH / 15 isa uddharaNa se spaSTa hai ki yaha vararuci vikramAditya kA sabhya thA / ataH isakA kAla vahI hai, jo saMvat pravartaka vikramAditya kA hai| liGgAnuzAsana kA nAma - ukta uddharaNa se yaha bhI spaSTa hai ki isa grantha kA nAma liGgavizeSavidhi hai / saba se prAcIna uddharaNa - isa liGgavizeSavidhi kA sabase prAcIna 20 uddharaNa jinendra viracita kAzikAvivaraNapaJjikA 7 111 = pRSTha 631 meM milatA hai - 'tathA cAha liGgakArikAkAra:- IvvantaM yaccaikAc zaraddaraduSatprAvRSazceti / ' 25 yaha liGgavizeSavidhi kI dvitIya AryA kA pUrvAdha hai / harSavardhanIya liGgAnuzAsana kI vyAkhyA meM - liGgavizeSavidhi kA 8vAM zloka harSavardhana kI pRthivIzvara kI vyAkhyA meM uddhRta hai'yaduktam - dIdhitimekAM muktvA razmyabhidhAnaM tu puMsyeva / pRSTha 6 /

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2/36 liGgAnuzAsana ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 281 TIkAkAra vAraruca liGgavizeSavidhi kI TIkA ko eka hastalekha vizvezvarAnanda saMsthAna hoziyArapura ke saMgraha meM vidyamAna hai| isa TAkA ke lekhaka kA nAma ajJAta hai| parantu isa grantha kI antima puSpikA ke pATha se dhvanita hotA hai ki yaha TAkA vararuci ko svopajJA hai : pATha 5 isa prakAra hai 'iti zrImadakhilavAgvilAsa... nighRSTacaraNAravindAcAryavararuciviracitA liGgavizeSavidhiTokA sampUrNA / ' draSTavya--hastalekha sUcI, bhAga 2, pRSTha 421, 422, grantha saMkhyA 5608 / anya hastalekha-isI saMsthAna ke saMgraha meM vAraruca liGgAnuzAsana ke tIna hastalekha aura bhI haiM / inakI saMkhyA 3274, 3275, 3282 hai (dra0-bhAga 1, pRSTha 67) inake racayitA kA nAma ajJAta hai| __ saMkhyA 3274 tathA 3282 ke koza vAraruca liGgAnuzAsana kI vRtti ke haiN| inameM saMkhyA 3274 kA hastalekha saMkSipta vRtti kA 15 hai / yaha prAyaH zuddha hai| isakA lekhanakAla zaka saM01780 arthAt vi0 .. saM0 1815 hai / dUsarA saMkhyA 3282 kA hastalekha vistRta vRtti kA hai / yaha prAyaH azuddha hai / isakA lekhanakAla vi0 saM0 1916 hai / ye donoM saMkSipta aura vistRta vRtti eka hI vyakti kI pratIta hotI haiN| inheM hamane lAhaura ke lAlacanda pustakAlaya meM san 1938 meM , dekhA thaa| bhaNDArakara prAcyavidyA zodhapratiSThAna pUnA ke saMgraha meM tIna hastalekha vAraruca liGgAnuzAsana kI vRtti ke haiM / dra0 vyAkaraNa vibhAgIya sUcIpatra ( san 1938 ) saMkhyA 277, 278, 276, ( pRSTha 216218) / yaha vAraruca liGgAnuzAsana madrAsa vizvavidyAlaya kI saMskRta granthamAlA meM prakAzita harSavardhanIya liGgAnuzAsana ke anta meM pRSTha 126-138 taka saMkSipta TippaNI sahita chapa cukA hai| vAraruca koza-isa liGgAnuzAsana kA vararuci koza ke nAma se eka vyAkhyA-sahita saMskaraNa kAzI se prakAzita lItho presa meM chape 30

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262 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa dvAdaza koza saMgraha meM prakAzita huA thaa| isa saMskaraNa meM vararuci ke yAvAn kazcit trAntaH zloka se pUrva 10 zloka aura chape haiM / ye zloka vyAkhyAkAra ke haiM / bhUla se liGgAnuzAsana ke zlokoM ke sAtha zloka kramasaMkhyA chapa gaI hai| ye zloka vararuci ke nahIM haiM, yaha nimna 5 zloka se spaSTa hai dRSTvA jaiminikozasUtraracanAM kAtyAyanIyaM matam, vyAsIyaM kavizaGkaraprabhRtibhiryad bhASitaM nizcayAt / yaccAnandakavipravIraracitaM baddhaM ca yaddaNDinA, yadvAtsyAyanazAzvatAdikathitaM kurve'bhidhAnAdbhutam // 7 // ye zloka Upara nirdiSTa liGgAnuzAsana vRtti ke saMkhyA 3282 ke hastalekha meM bhI nirdiSTa haiM / isase bhI spaSTa hai ki ye zloka vRttikAra ke haiN| isa TIkAkAra kA nAma tathA deza kAla Adi ajJAta hai| 6-amarasiMha (vikramakAlika) 15 amarasiya ne svIya koza ke tRtIya kANDa ke pAMcaveM sarga meM 'liGgAdi-saMgraha kiyA hai| bhAratIya paramparA ke anusAra amarasiMha mahArAja vikrama kA sabhya hai| pAzcAttya aura unake matAnuyAyI vidvAn amarasiMha ko vi0 saM0 300-400 ke lagabhaga mAnate haiN|' amarakoza para jitane vyAkhyAtAoM ne vyAkhyA likhI hai, una saba ne amarakoza ke isa bhAga para bhI vyAkhyA kI hai| 7-devanandI (vi0 saM0 500 se pUrva) devanandI prAcArya ne sva-vyAkaraNa se saMbaddha liGgAnuzAsana kA pravacana kiyA thaa| isakA sAkSAt ullekha vAmana ne svaliGgAnuzAsana 25 ke anta meM isa prakAra kiyA hai 1. zAzvata koza kI bhUmikA, pRSTha 2 /

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liGgAnuzAsana ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 283 'vyAripraNItamatha vArarucaM sacAndram, jainendralakSaNagataM vividhaM tathA'nyat / zloka 11 / jainendra liGgAnuzAsana ke nandI ke nAma se aneka uddharaNa haimaliGgAnuzAsana ke svopajJa vivaraNa meM milate haiN| yaha liGgAnuzAsana isa samaya aprApya hai| devanandI ke paricaya ke lie dekhie yahI granya bhAga 1, pRSTha 486-467 (ca0 sN0)| 8-zaMkara (vi0 saM0 650 se pUrva) harSavardhana ne apane liGgAnuzAsana ke anta meM zaMkara prokta liGgAnuzAsana kA nimna prakAra ullekha kiyA hai 'vyADeH zaGkaracandrayorvararacevidyAnidheH pANineH / / sUktAlliGgavidhIna vicArya sugamaM zrIvardhanasyAtmajaH // 7 // zaMkara kRta liGgAnuzAsana kA ullekha vAraruca liGgavizeSavidhi kI TIkA ke prArambha meM bhI milatA hai|' praspaSTa saMketa-vi0 saM0 650 ke lagabhaga zAzvata ne 'anekArtha- 15 samuccaya' nAmaka koza likhA thaa| usake prArambha meM likhA hai 'dRSTaziSTaprayogo'haM dRSTavyAkaraNatrayaH / adhoti sadupAdhyAyAlliGgazAstreSu paJcasu // 6 // ina pAca liGgazAstroM meM se vyADi, pANini, candra aura vararuci . ke cAra liGgAnuzAsana nizcita hI zAzvata se pUrvavartI haiN| pAMcavAM 20 liGgazAstra yadi zaMkara kA abhipreta ho (jisakI adhika sambhAvanA hai) to zaGkara kA kAla vi0 saM0 650 se pUrva nizcita ho jAtA hai| anya zaGkara-zaGkara ke nAma se prakriyAsarvasva meM aneka uddharaNa milate haiM / ye uddharaNa dharmakIrti ke rUpAvatAra ke TIkAkAra zaMkararAma 1. vyAsIyaM kavizaMkara prbhRtibhiH..| pUrva pRSTha 282 meM udadhRta / / shlok|

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5 10 284 saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa kI nIvinAmnI TIkA ke haiM / ataH liGgazAstra pravaktA zaMkara rUpA - vatAra TIkAkAra zaMkara se bhinna prati prAcIna granthakAra hai / zaGkara aura usake liGgAnuzAsana ke viSaya meM hama isase adhika kucha nahIM jAnate / 25 9 - harSavardhana (vi0 saM0 650 - 704 ) harSavardhana prokta liGgAnuzAsana jarmana bhASA anuvAda sahita jarmanI se san 1890 meM chapa cukA hai| isakA sampAdana DA0 phrADa ke ( FRANKE ) ne kiyA hai / tatpazcAt isakI vyAkhyA tathA aneka pariziSToM sahita paM0 ve0 veMkaTarAma zarmA dvArA sampAdita uttama saMskaraNa madrAsa vizvavidyAlaya se prakAzita ho cukA hai| kAla - harSavardhana ne apanA vizeSa paricaya nahIM diyA kevala zrIvardhanasyAtmajaH itanA hI kahA hai / aneka vidvAnoM ke mata meM yaha harSavardhana vANa Adi kA prAzrayadAtA prasiddha mahArAja zrIharSa hai' / zrIharSa kA rAjyakAla vi0 saM0 657-704 taka mAnA jAtA hai / 15 zrIharSa ke pitA prabhAkaravardhana kA 'vadhana' vIrut ho sakatA hai / phekTa isa mata ko svIkAra nahIM karatA / harSavardhana ke liGgAnuzAsana ke sampAdaka kA bhI mata bhinna hai| unakA kathana hai ki TIkAkAra ne 'granthakAra dvArA pAdagrahaNa pUrvaka vyAkhyA likhane kA Agraha kiyA aisA likhA hai| mahArAja harSavardhana jaise samrAT kA TIkAkAra se pAdagrahaNapUrvaka nivedana karanA asambhava hai | ataH isa kA lekhaka koI anya harSavadhana hai / " 20 hamAre vicAra meM sampAdaka ke kathana meM koI gurutva nahIM hai / bhAratIya itihAsa meM bar3e-bar3e samrAT vidvAnoM ke caraNoM meM natamastaka hote rahe haiM / vararuci ke liGgAnuzAsana kA jo antima pATha vararuci kiyA hai, usameM bhI vikramAdityakiroTikoTi 1 ke prakaraNa meM udadhRta 1. nivedanA, pRSTha 37 // 2. prArthitaH zAstrakAreNa pAdagrahaNapUrvakam / liGgAnuzAsanavyAkhyAM karoti pRthvIzvaraH / pRSTha 2 / 3. nivedanA, pRSTha 37 //

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liGgAnuzAsana ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 285 nighRSTacaraNAravindAcAryavararuciviracito0 kA ullekha hai| ata: pAdagrahaNapUrvakam nirdezamAtra se anya harSa kI kalpanA anyAyya hai| kucha bhI ho, isameM prasiddha vAmanIya liGgAnuzAsana kA nirdeza na hone se usase yaha prAcIna hai, itanA spaSTa hai| TIkAkAra harSavardhanIya liGgAnuzAsana kI jo TIkA chapI hai, usake racayitA ke nAma ke sambandha meM kucha vivAda hai / aura vaha vivAda hastalekhoM ke dvividha pATha para Azrita hai| paM0 veGkaTarAma zarmA ko isa TIkA ke jo tIna hastalekha mile haiM. unake anta meM bhaTTabharadvAjasUnoH pathivIzvarasya katau pATha milatA hai| 10 tadanusAra vyAkhyAkAra kA nAma pRthivIzvara aura usake pitA kA nAma bhaTTa bharadvAja vidita hotA hai| jarmana saMskaraNa ke sampAdaka ke pAsa jo hastalekha thA, usameM ukta pATha ke sthAna para 'bhaTTadIptasvAmisUnoH balavAgIzvarasya zabarasvAminaH' pATha thaa| harSavardhana ke liGgAnuzAsana kA sarvArthalakSaNA TIkA sahita eka hastalekha jammU ke raghunAtha mandira meM hai / usake sUcIpatra meM TIkAkAra kA nAma zabarasvAmI dIpisvAmiputraH likhA hai ( pRSTha 46 ) / ___ bhaNDArakara prAcyavidyA zodha pratiSThAna pUnA ke saMgraha meM harSavardhanIya liGgAnuzAsana ke do hastalekha haiN| dra0 vyAkaraNa vibhAgIya 20 sUcIpatra (san 1938) saMkhyA 281, 282 (pRSTha 238-241) / ye donoM zAradAkSaroM meM bhUrjapatra para likhe hue haiN| ina meM se saMkhyA 280 ke hastalekha ke prArambha meM TIkAkAra ke prArambhika zloka nahIM haiN| haSavardhana ke liGgAnuzAsanIya prArambhika tIna zlokoM kI vyAkhyA nahIM hai / saMkhyA 281 ke hastalekha ke prArambha meM maMgalAcaraNAdi ke / 5 zloka milate haiM / madrAsa saMskaraNa meM chape hue prArambhika 6 zlokoM meM se 1, 2, 3, tathA 6ThA zloka nahIM hai / pAMcaveM zloka ke uttarArdha meM pAThabheda hai / madrAsa mudrita pATha hai liGgAnuzAsanavyAkhyA karoti pRthivIzvaraH /

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286 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa saM0 281 ke hastalekha kA pATha haikaroti sa (za)barasvAmI SaDvarSaH paJcikAmimAm / isase vidita hotA ki yaha vyAkhyA zabarasvAmI ne 6 varSa kI vayaH meM racI thI aura isakA nAma paJcikA hai| ina donoM hastalekhoM 5 ke anta meM yaha dIpra (dopta) svAmisUno bAlavAcIvarasya zabara svAminaH kRto...""pATha milatA hai| bAlavAgIzvara kA artha hai bAlaka hI jo vANI kA svAmI hai usa zabarasvAmI kI kRti meM / isa sthiti meM prathitaH zAstrakAreNa padagrahaNa pUrvakam kI saMgati lagAnA kaThina ho jAtA hai| pUnA ke sUcIpatra meM ina hastalekhoM ke jo Adyanta ke pATha uddhRta haiM, usase pratIta hotA hai ki zabara svAmI kI TokA kA pATha madrAsa saMskaraNa kI TIkA se kucha saMkSipta hai| pUnA ke saMkhyA 281 ke hastalekha ke anta meM saM0 26 likhA hai| ise sacIpatra ke sampAdaka ne saptarSi saMvat mAnA hai| saptarSi saMvata 11 meM 27 sau varSa ke pratyeka cakra meM 100 varSa ke anantara punaH 1-2 se varSa gaNanA kA vyavahAra kazmIrAdi pradezoM meM hotA hai / ataH saM0 26 se kAla vizeSa kA kucha bhI jJAna nahIM hotaa| hama pUrva dazapAdI uNAdi kI mANikacadeva kI vyAkhyA ke prasaMga meM zAradA lipi meM likhe gaye hastalekha kI nirdiSTa saM0 30 kA ullekha kara cuke haiN| (dra0 pRSTha 20 252) anya granthoM meM zavara svAmI ke nAma se uddharaNa 1. vandyaghaTIya sarvAnanda ne amarakoza 2 / 661 ke sRkkaNI pada para likhA hai 'sakthyasthidadhi sakvyakSi ityAdinA idantamapi zabarasvAmI paThati / ' bhAga 2, pRSTha 352 / / yaha pATha liGgAnuzAsana ke mudrita pATha meM 5vIM kArikA meM milatA hai / TokA meM idaM sRkvi-moSTha paryantaH rUpa meM vyAkhyAta hai| 2. ujjvaladatta ne uNAdi 4 / 117 kI TIkA meM zabara kA nimna pATha uddhRta kiyA hai 'vitadivedinandaya iti shbrsvaamii|' pRSTha 174 /

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liGgAnuzAsana ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 287 isa pATha ke lie liGgAnuzAsana ke sampAdaka ne likhA hai'tattu vAkyaM prakRtaTIkAyAM noplbhyte|' nivedanA pRSTha 41 / arthAt ujjvaladatta uddhRta vAkya TIkA meM nahIM miltaa| sampAdaka kA ukta lekha ThIka nahIM hai| isa liGgAnuzAsana ke pRSTha 8 kI vyAkhyA meM nimna pATha hai 'vediH vidiH / nAndiH puurvrnggH|' ujjvalavRtti ke mudrita pATha jitane bhraSTa haiM, unako dekhate hue kahA jA sakatA hai ki ujjvaladatta dvArA zabara ke nAma se uddhRta pATha isa TIkA kA hI hai| 3. kezava ke nAnArNavasaMkSepa bhAga 1, pRSTha 146 meM zabara svAmI 10 uddhRta hai / vaha sambhavataH harSavardhanIya liGgAnuzAsana kA TIkAkAra hI hai| hamAre pAsa yaha koza isa samaya nahIM hai / isalie nirNaya karane meM asamartha haiN| - isa prakAra nAmadvaidha ke kAraNa TIkAkAra ke nAma kA nizcaya karanA atyanta kaThina hai / punarapi bahumata zabara svAmI ke pakSa meM hai| 15 isa grantha kA punaH sampAdana honA caahiye| adhika se adhika hastalekhoM kA saMgraha Avazyaka hai| sambhava haiM isa se vyAkhyAkAra ke nAma kA vivAda bhI samApta ho jaaye| sampAdaka ko bhrAnti- harSavardhanIya liGgAnuzAsana ke sampAdaka ne nivedanA, pRSTha XL (40) meM dharmazabda kI napuMsaka liGgatA darzAne 20 ke liye vyAkhyAkAra dvArA vaidika vacana ko uddhRta karane kA prati sAhasa kahA hai| isa para vizeSa vicAra hamane Age vAmana ke liGgA. nuzAsana ke prakaraNa meM ( pRSTha 286 ) kiyA hai / pAThaka ukta prakaraNa dekheN| 10-durgasiMha (vi0 saM0 700 se pUrva) durgasiMha viracita eka liGgAnuzAsana Dekkana kAleja pUnA se prakAzita huA hai / isakI vyAkhyA bhI durgasiMha kRta hI hai| tantra-saMbandha-isa liGgAnuzAsana kA saMbandha kAtantra vyAkaraNa ke

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288 .. saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa sAtha hai / yaha isakI vyAkhyA meM kAtantra sUtroM ke uddharaNoM se spaSTa hai| eka pranirdiSTa mUla sUtra - liGgAnuzAsana kArikA 52 ko vyAkhya meM nA hrasvopadhAH svare dviH sUtra uddhRta hai / sampAdaka ne isake 5 mUlasthAna kA nirdeza nahIM kiyA hai / yaha kAtantra 1 / 507 kA sandhikaraNa kA sUtra hai / paricaya - durgasiMha ke viSaya meM isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM 17 veM adhyAya meM kAtantra vyAkaraNa ke prakaraNa meM likha cuke haiM / aneka nAma - durgasiMha ne isa grantha ke anta meM apane durgAtmA durga 10 durgapa nAma darzAe hai / 25 'durgasiMho'tha durgAtmA durgA durgapa ityapi / yasya nAmAni tenaiva liGgavRttiriyaM kRtA // 88 // kAla--hamane isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM kAtantra vyAkaraNa ke prakaraNa meM durgasiMha ke kAla viSaya meM cintana karate hue likhA 15 hai ki - kAtantra sampradAya meM do durga haiN| eka vRttikAra, dUsarA vRtti TIkAkAra | vRttikAra kA kAla vi0 saM0 700 se pUrva hai, aura TIkAkAra kA kAla sambhavataH vIM zatAbdI hai / liGgAnuzAsana ke sampAdaka dattAtreya gaGgAdhara koparakara ema. e. ne liGgAnuzAsana durga kA kAla I0 san 600-650 mAnA hai ( dra0 bhUmikA pRSTha 12 ) / 20 hamAre vicAra meM liGgAnuzAsana kA pravaktA vRttikAra durga haiM, na ki TIkAkAra durga / ataH isakA kAla vi0 saM0 700 se pUrva hI mAnanA ucita hai / gurupada hAladAra ke lekhAnusAra rAmanAtha cakravartI ne trikA. NDazeSa aura usake putra ratnezvara cakravartI ne 'ratnamAlA' nAma se kAtantra vyAkaraNa se saMbaddha liGganuzAsana racA thA / ' 11 - vAmana (vi0 saM0 851 - 870 ) vAmana ne eka liGgAnuzAsana kA pravacana kiyA hai, aura isa para svopajJa vRtti bhI likhI hai / liGgAnuzAsana meM kevala 33 kArikAe haiM 1. vyAkaraNadarzanera itihAsa, pRSTha 422 /

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2/37 liGgAnuzAsana ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 286 isa dRSTi se yaha liGa gAnuzAsana mava se saMkSipta hai / granthakAra ne svayaM kahA hai 'liGgAnuzAsanamahaM vacamyAbhiH samAsena' // 1 // isakI vyAkhyA meM likhA hai'pUrvAcAryADipramukhailiGgAnuzAsanaM sUtraruktam granthavistareNa c| 5 ahaM punarAryAbhirvacmi sukhagrahaNArtham / vararuciprabhRtibhirapyAcAryarAryAbhirabhihitameva, tadatibahunA granthena, ityahaM tu samAsena saMkSepeNa vacmi / ' pRSTha 2 // arthAt-vyADi Adi pUrvAcAryoM ne liGgAnuzAsana kA pravacana sUtroM meM kiyA thA, aura vistAra se| maiM AryA chandoM meM kahatA hUM, 10 sukha se grahaNa karane ke lie / vararuci prabhRti prAcAryoM ne bhI prAryA se hI liGgAnuzAsana kA kathana kiyA hai, para vaha vistAra se hai| isalie maiM saMkSepa se kahatA huuN| paricaya-vAmana ne apanA koI paricaya nahIM diyA / ataH isakA . vRtta andhakAramaya hai| kAla-vAmana ne apanI chaThI AryA kI vRtti meM jagattuGgasabhA kA nirdeza kiyA hai| aneka aitihAsika vidvAn isa nirdeza meM kazmIra adhipati jayApIDa, jisakA rAjyakAla vi0 saM0 856-876 taka thA, kA saMketa mAnate haiN| isa prakAra vAmanIya liGgAnuzAsana ke prathama sampAdaka cimmanalAla DI0 dalAla alaMkArazAstrapraNetA vAmana 20 aura liGgAnuzAsanakAra vAmana ko eka mAnate haiN| yadyapi donoM vAmanoM kA aikya abhI sandehAspada hai, tathApi itanA spaSTarUpa se kahA jA sakatA hai ki liGgAnuzAsanakAra vAmana vi0saM0 600 se uttaravartI kisI bhI prakAra nahIM hai / vAmana ne apane granya meM 8vIM zatI se uttarakAlIna kisI bhI grantha kA uddharaNa apanI vRtti 25 meM nahIM diyA hai / hAM, pRSTha 8 para 8vIM kArikA kI vRtti meM dharma zabda ke viSaya meM likhA hai 'dharmazabdaH dharmasAdhane yogAdI vAcye / idaM dharmam / tAni dharmANi prathamAnyAsan (Rgveda 19164 / 43) / '

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260 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ___ isI abhiprAya kI eka paMkti harSavardhana ke liGgAnuzAsana kI vyAkhyA meM milatI hai 'Rtau dharmam-Rtau dharmakrato yajJe tatsAdhane vartamAnaM dharma napuM. sakam / yathA-tAni dharmANi prathamAnyAsan / ' pRSTha 34 / ___nizcaya hI ina donoM paMktiyoM meM koI kisI ko AdhArabhUta hai| hamAre vicAra meM vAmana ko paMkti kA AdhAra harSaliGgAnuzAsana vRtti kI paMkti hai / ataH vAmana harSa se uttaravartI hai| yaha hamArA vicAramAtra hai / sthiti isase viparIta bhI ho sakatI hai / usa avasthA meM vAmana kA kAla vi0 saM0 700 se pUrva hogaa| harSa liGgAnuzAsana ke sampAdaka kA sAhasa-harSa liGgAnuzAsana ke sampAdaka ve veGkaTarAma zarmA ne ukta paMkti ke viSaya meM likhA ___ "parantu laukikasaMskRtabhASAyAH padAnAM liGgAnyanuzAsitumAra* bdhasya granthasya vyAkhyAnAya pravRttaH ekatra dharmazabdasya napuMsakatAM darza15 yituM 'tAni dharmANi prathamAnyAsan' laukikasaMskRtAtigaM vAkyamudA jahAra itIdaM manyAmahe vyAkhyAkArasyaikamatisAhasamiti / " bhUmikA, pRSTha 40 / ___ arthAt-laukika saMskRtabhASA ke padoM ke liGgoM ke anuzAsana ke lie prArabdha grantha ke vyAkhyAna meM pravRtta vyAkhyAkAra ne dharma zabda kI napuMsakaliGgatA ko darzAne ke lie 'tAni dharmANi prathamAnyAsan' yaha vaidika vAkya uddhRta kiyA hai| hama samajhate haiM yaha vyAkhyAkAra kA eka ati sAhasa hai| hamAre vicAra meM vyAkhyAkAra kA pratisAhasa nahIM hai, apitu sampAdaka mahodaya kA vyAkhyAkAra kA pratisAhasa dikhAnA hI, ati 25 sAhasa hai| harSavardhana ne apane grantha meM kahIM nahIM kahA ki 'maiM kevala laukika saMskRta ke padoM ke liGgoM kA hI anuzAsana kruuNgaa|' pANinIya vyAkaraNa ko pramANa mAnakara calanevAle liGgAnuzAsanoM meM pANinIya zabdAnuzAsanavat laukikoM kI pradhAnatA to kahI jA sakatI hai, parantu 30 vaidika padoM ke anvAkhyAna kA parityAga nahIM kahA jA sktaa| harSa

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liGgAnuzAsana ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 261 aura vAmana donoM hI pANinIya zabdAnuzAsana ke anuyAyI haiN| isalie unake dvArA dharma zabda kI napuMsakatA darzAne ke lie vaidika mantra kA nirdeza karanA kisI prakAra prati sAhasa nahIM kahA jA sakatA, apitu use ucita hI kahanA hogaa| itanA hI nahIM, kevala laukika zabdoM ke liGgAnuzAsana meM pravRtta zAkaTAyana ke liGgAnuzAsana kI 5 vyAkhyA meM bhI dharmazabda ke apUrva sAdhana artha meM napuMsakatva darzAne ke lie yahI mantra uddhRta hai / ' -zuciH vAmana ne to 16vIM AryA kI vRtti meM mAsavizeSANAM nAma-: zukraH nabhasya prAdi anya chAndasa padoM kA bhI nirdeza kiyA hai / mAsavAcI zuciH zukraH nabhasya zabda chAndasa haiN| isameM pANinIya bhraSTA- 10 ghyAyI 4 / 4 / 128 sUtra aura usake vArtika pramANa haiM / kAzikAkAra Adi sabhI chandasi pada kI anuvRtti ukta sUtra meM mAnate haiM / zabdaprayoga meM vaidika vacana kA prAmANya 15 zabdaprayoga ke viSaya meM vaidika vacana kA prAmANya harSavardhanIya liGgAnuzAsana ke TIkAkAra, liGgAnuzAsanakAra vAmana aura zAkaTAyanIya liGgAnuzAsana ke vyAkhyAkAra ne diye haiM / yaha Upara darzA cuke haiM / yaha vaiyAkaraNoM kA pratisAhasa nahIM hai, apitu mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali jaise pramANabhUta prAcArya se anumodita mAgaM hai / pataJjali ne zabdaprayoga ke viSaya meM do sthAnoM para vaidika vacana uddhRta kiye hai | yathA 20 1 ubhayaM khalvapi dRzyate / virUpANApyekenAnekasyAbhidhAnaM bhavati / tadyathA - dyAvA ha kSAmA ( R0 10 / 12 / 1) / dyAvA cidasmai pRthivI namete ( R0 2 / 12 / 13) / mahAbhASya 1 / 2 / 64 / / yahAM mahAbhASyakAra ne virUpoM ke ekazeSa meM RGa mantroM ko udghRta kiyA hai| 25 2 ' ubhayaM khalvapi dRzyate svasti somasakhA, punarehi gavAMsakhaH / mahA0 12 23 ( dvitIyA zritA0 ) / 1. 'dharmamapUrvanimitte' (zloka 20 ) kI vyAkhyA meM / draSTavya - madrAsIya harSa liGgAnuzAsana, pariziSTa, pRSTha 126 /

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3 - nirukta samuccayakAra vararuci ne yoni zabda kI ubhayaliGgatA meM pANinIya liGgasUtra zroNiyonyUrmayaH puMsi ca kA pramANa dekara vaidika vacana uddhRta kiyA hai - samudra N vaH prahiNomi (zAMkhA0 zrauta 4011 6 ) iti ca prayogadarzanAt / pRSTha 23, saMska0 2 5 292 saMskRta vyAkaraNa- zAstra kA itihAsa yahAM bhASyakAra ne SaSThI tatpuruSa aura bahuvrIhi donoM hI samAsa hote haiM, yaha darzAne ke lie vaidika vacana udAhRta kiye haiM / ukta pramANoM se siddha hai ki zabdaprayoga ke viSaya meM vaidika granthoM kA pramANa denA kisI prakAra doSAvaha nahIM hai / mImAMsakoM ke mata meM to vaidika aura laukika zabda samAna haiM / ataH unake mata meM zabda10 prayoga ke viSaya meM vaidika vacanoM kA prAmANya usI prakAra zrAdaraNIya hai, jaise zabdazAstroM kA / 15 20 vAmana aura usake liGgAnuzAsana ke viSaya meM hama isase adhika kucha nahIM jAnate / nayA saMskaraNa - isakA eka saMskaraNa gAyakavADa oriyaNTala sIrIja bar3odA se san 1998 meM chapA thA / vaha cirakAla se aprApya thA / isakA eka sundara saMskaraNa hamane vi0 saM0 2021 meM prakAzita kiyA hai| purAne saMskaraNa meM kisI prakAra kI koI sUcI nahIM thI / hamane isa saMskaraNa meM cAra pariziSTa chApe haiM, jinameM anekavidha sUciyAM dI haiM / 12 - pAlya kIrti ( vi0 saM0 871-624 ) pAlyakIrti ne sva-tantra saMbaddha liGgAnuzAsana kA pravacana kiyA thA / yaha padyabaddha hai / harSavardhanIya liGgAnuzAsana ke madrAsa saMskaraNa ke anta meM zAkaTAyana liGgAnuzAsana kisI vRtti ke saMkSepa ke sAtha. mudrita hai| isameM 70 zloka chape haiM / parantu antima vAgviSayasya tu 25 mahataH zloka zAkaTAyana-liGgAnuzAsana kA nahIM hai / yaha vararuci ke liGgAnuzAsana kA antima zloka hai ( kevala zloka ke antyapada meM bheda 1. dra0 lokavedAdhikaraNa / a0 1, pA0 3 /

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liGgAnuzAsana ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 263 hai)| kAzI mudrita zAkaTAyana laghuvRtti ke anta meM mudrita liGgAnuzAsana meM yaha zloka nahIM hai| zAkaTAyana ke viSaya meM vistAra se prathama bhAga meM prAcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa' nAmaka 17 veM adhyAya meM likhA jA cukA hai| __ zAkaTAyanoya liGgAnuzAsana meM kahIM-kahIM pUrvAcAryoM kI saMjJAoM kA bhI nirdeza hai / yathA ka-46 veM zloka meN-'urthsogunnivt|' isa para TIkAkAra ne likhA hai-'sa iti pUrvAcAryANAM smaassyaakhyaa|" kha-67 veM zloka meM-'prakRtiliGgavacanAni / ' isa para TIkA- 10 kAra likhatA hai-'vacanamiti saMkhyAyAH pUrvAcAryasaMjJA / " vRttikAra isa liGgAnugAsana para kisI vaiyAkaraNa ne vyAkhyA likhI thii| usa vyAkhyA kA saMkSepa harSavardhana liGgAnuzAsana ke madrAsa saMskaraNa ke anta meM chapA hai / yaha vyAkhyA kisakI hai, yaha ajJAta hai| para 15 hamArA vicAra hai ki yaha vyAkhyA mUlagranthakAra kI apanI hai, athavA yakSavarmA kI ho sakatI hai| isase adhika isa liGgAnuzAsana aura isakI vRtti ke viSaya meM hama kucha nahIM jaante| yakSavarmA zAkaTAyana liGgAnuzAsana para yakSavarmA kI TIkA kA ullekha harSavardhanIya liGgAnuzAsana ke sampAdaka ne nivedanA ke pRSTha 34 meM saMkhyA 6 para kiyA hai| 1. draSTavya-darSaliGgAnuzAsana, madrAsa saMska0, pRSTha 127 / tulanA karo-rAjAse ( pA0 gaNa 5 / 1 / 128 ), puruSAse ( pA0 gaNa 5 / 1 / 130 ), 25 hRdayAse (pA0 gaNa 5 / 1 / 130), vAjAse (pA0 gaNa 4 / 1 / 105) / 2. dra0-harSa liGgAnuzAsana, madrAsa saM0 pRSTha 128 /

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5 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 13 - bhojadeva (vi0 saM0 2075-1110 ) zrI bhojadeva ne svatantra saMbaddha liMGgAnuzAsana kA bhI pravacana kiyA thA / isakA nirdeza harSaliGgAnuzAsana ke sampAdaka zrI veMkaTa - zarmA ne nivedanA pRSTha 34 para kiyA hai| yaha liGgAnuzAsana hamAre dekhane meM nahIM AyA / 294 14 - buddhisAgara ( vi0 saM0 1080 ) buddhisAgara sUri ke paJcagranthI zabdAnuzAsana kA ullekha isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM 'AcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa' nAmaka 17veM adhyAya meM kara cuke haiN| una paJca granthoM meM liGgAnu10 zAsana bhI anyatama hai / buddhisAgara kA liGgAnuzAsana hamArI dRSTi meM nahIM AyA / hAM, AcArya hemacandra ne svIya liGgAnuzAsana ke svopajJa - vivaraNa, aura abhidhAnacintAmaNi koza ke svopajJa vivaraNa meM ise aneka sthAnoM para uddhRta kiyA hai / yathA 15 1. manthaH gaNDaH / punnapuMsako'yamiti buddhisAgaraH / pRSTha 4, paM0 5 / 2. jaTharaM triliGgo'yamiti buddhisAgaraH / pRSTha 100 paM0 17, 18 / , 3. zaMku - puMsi vyADi, striyAM vAmanaH punnapuMsako'yamiti 20 buddhisAgaraH / pRSTha 103 paM0 25 / 4. khalaH khalam - piNyAkaH durjanazca / durgabuddhisAgarau / pRSTha 133 paM0 22 / 5. triliGgo'yamiti buddhisAgaraH / 3 martyakANDa, zloka 268, pRSTha 245 / 25 isase adhika buddhisAgara prokta liGgAnuzAsana ke viSaya meM hama kucha nahIM jAnate /

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liGgAnuzAsana ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA . 295 15-aruNadeva aruNa (vi0 saM0 1190 se pUrva) aruNa athavA aruNadeva athavA aruNadatta nAmA vaiyAkaraNa ne eka liGgAnuzAsana likhA thaa| isakA ullekha hemacandra ne svIya liGgAnuzAsana ke vivaraNa meM aneka sthAnoM para kiyA hai / yathA 'valka: valkam-tarutvak / pusyapIti kazcit / klIve harSAH 5 runnau|' pRSTha 117, paM0 24 / aruNadatta ke nAma se aruNa ke liGgAnuzAsana kA eka uddharaNa sarvAnanda kI TIkAsarvasva (bhAga 1, pRSTha 164) meM uddhRta hai| vyAkhyAkAra-aruNadeva ne svIya liGgAnuzAsana para koI vRtti bhI likhI thii| usake pATha ko prAcArya hemacandra asakRt uddhRta 10 karatA hai / yathA'yadaruNa-pradhI rogvishessH|' pRSTha 68, paM0 11 / aruNadatta ke gaNapATha kA nirdeza hama 'gaNapATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA' prakaraNa meM (bhAga 2, pRSTha 198) kara cuke haiM / aruNa ke liGgAnuzAsana ke viSaya meM isase adhika hama kucha nahIM " jaante| 16-hemacandra sUri (vi0 saM0 1145-1229) AcArya hemacandra ne svIya paJcAGga zabdAnuzAsana se saMbaddha liGgAnuzAsana kA pravacana kiyA hai / yaha liGgAnuzAsana anya sabhI liGgAnuzAsanoM kI apekSA vistRta hai / isameM vividha chandoyukta 138 20 zloka haiN| vyAkhyAkAra 1. hemacandra-prAcArya hemacandra ne svIya zabdAnuzAsana ke samAna isa liGgAnuzAsana para bhI eka bRhat svopajJa vivaraNa likhA hai| isakI durgapadaprabodha TIkA meM isakA vatti nAma se ullekha kiyA hai| isa vivaraNa kA granthamAna 3684 zloka hai / 2. kanakaprabha-kanakaprabha ne haima bRhadvRtti para nyAsoddhAra apara

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AS 296 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa nAma laghunyAsa nAmnI TIkA likhI hai| isI ne haima liGgAnuzAsana para pravacUri nAma se vyAkhyA kI hai| kAla-kanakaprabha ke guru devendra, devendra ke udayacandra, aura udayacandra ke hemacandra sUri the / ataH kanakaprabha kA kAla vikrama kI 13 vIM zatI hai| - 3. jayAnanda sUri-jayAnanda sUri viracita haima liGgAnuzAsana kI vatti kA nirdeza 'jaina satya-prakAza' varSa 7 dIpotsavI aGka pRSTha 88 para milatA hai / harSa liGgAnuzAsana ke sampAdaka ne isa grantha kA nAma liGgAnuzAsanavRttyuddhAra likhA hai / (nivedanA pRSTha 34) / isa nAma se yaha haima vyAkhyArUpa pratIta hotA hai| hama isake viSaya meM adhika nahIM jaante| 4. kesaravijaya-kesaravijaya mahArAja ne bhI haimaliGgAnuzAsana para eka vRtti likhI hai / yaha mudrita ho cukI hai| isakA ullekha vijayakSamAbhadra sUri sampAdita haima liGgAnuzAsana-vivaraNa ke 15 nivedana pRSTha 11 para milatA hai| vivaraNavyAkhyAkAra-vallabhagaNi haima liGgAnuzAsana-vivaraNa para prAcArya vallabhagaNi ne eka sundara saMkSipta vyAkhyA likhI hai| paricaya-vallabhagaNi ne apane AcArya kA nAma jJAnavimala 20 upAdhyAya mizra likhA hai, aura apanA vacanAcArya vizeSaNa diyA hai| kAla-grantha ke anta meM nirdiSTa 4-5-6 zlokoM se vidita hotA hai ki yaha vyAkhyA akabara ke rAjyakAla meM jodhapura meM sUrasiMha rAjA ke zAsanasamaya meM, jaba kharataragaccha meM jinasiMha prAcArya rUpa se suzobhita the, taba saM0 1661 vi0 kArtika mAsa meM pUrNa huI thii| ataH 25 yahI kAla vallabhagaNi kA hai| vyAkhyA-nAma-vallabhagaNi ne apanI vyAkhyA kA nAma durgapadaprabodhA likhA hai| parimANa-antima zloka meM durgapadaprabodhA kA granthamAna do sahasra zloka kahA hai|

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liGgAnuzAsana ke pravaktA maura vyAkhyAtA 17 - malayagiri (saM0 1988 - 1250 vi0 ) malayagiri ne sAGgopAGga vyAkaraNa kA pravacana kiyA thaa| isa kA varNana hama prathamabhAga meM 'AcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa' nAmaka 17 veM adhyAya meM kara cuke haiN| ataH usake avayavarUpa liGgAnuzAsana kA pravacana bhI usane avazya kiyA hogA / rUda 267 18. mugdhabodha-saMbaddha liGgAnuzAsana 'vopadeva kA saMskRta vyAkaraNa ko yogadAna' nAmaka zodhaprabandha kI lekhikA DA0 zannodevI ne mugdhabodha se sambaddha liGgAnuzAsana para vistAra se vicAra kiyA hai ( dra0 zodha prabandha, pRSTha 440 - 442 ) / unake lekhAnusAra ina sUtroM kA saMkalana girIzacandra vidyAratna ne kiyA thA / 10 19 - helArAja (vi0 14vIM se pUrva ) helArAjakRta liGgAnuzAsana kA nirdeza sAyaNa ne apanI mAdhavIya dhAtuvRtti' meM, tathA bhaTToji dIkSita ne prauDhamanoramA' meM kiyA hai| helArAja ne dhAtuvRtti kI racanA bhI kI thii| dra0 - mAghavIya dhAtu- 15 vRtti, pRSTha 37 / isake viSaya meM isase adhika hameM kucha jJAta nahIM / 20 -- rAmasUri rAmasUri- viracita liGga nirNayabhUSaNa nAma kA eka grantha madrAsa ke rAjakIya hastalekha saMgraha, tathA aDiyAra ke pustakAlaya meM surakSita hai / 20 1. prasiSNuriti helArAjIye liGganirdeza prayujyate / pRSTha 116, grasu dhAtu pr| 2. 'prayujyate' ke sthAna para 'prayuktam' pATha bheda se / bhAga 2, pRSTha 576

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268 . saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa grantha ke prArambha meM likhA hai 'vANI praNamya zirasA bAlAnAM jJAnasiddhaye / strIpunnapuMsakaM svalpaM vakSyate zAstranizcitam // torUriviSNuviduSaH sUnunA raamsuurinnaa| viracyate budhazlAghyaM liGganirNayabhUSaNam // ' anta meM pATha hai'iti rAmasUriviracitAyAM bAlakaumudyAM liGganirNayaH smaaptH|' ina pAThoM se jJAta hotA hai ki rAmasUri ne koI 'bAlakaumudI' grantha banAyA thaa| usI kA ekadeza yaha liGganirNayabhUSaNa hai| aDiyAra hastalekha ke uparinirdiSTa pAThAnusAra rAmasUri ke __ pitA kA nAma 'torUri viSNa' thaa| madrAsa ke sUcIpatrAnusAra tonori viSNu' hai / anyatra 'topurI viSNu' nAma milatA hai| yaha grantha sudarzana presa kAJcI se prakAzita huA thaa| isakA sampAdana san 1906 meM anantAcArya ne kiyA thaa| 21-veGkaTaraGga : veGkaTaraGga viracita liGgaprabodha nAma ke grantha ke do hastalekha aDiyAra ke pustakAlaya meM surakSita haiN| dra0-sUcIpatra-vyAkaraNavibhAga, saMkhyA 410,411 / 22-23-ajJAtanAmA liGgakArikA-harSIya liGgAnuzAsana ke sampAdaka ve0 veGkaTa rAma zarmA ne apanI nivedanA pRSTha 34. meM kisI ajJAtanAmA lekhaka ke liGgakArikA nAmaka grantha kA nirdeza kiyA hai| aura likhA hai ki ise vardhamAna ne gaNaratnamahodadhi meM uddhRta kiyA hai| yadi yaha nirdeza ThIka ho, to isa liGgakArikA kA kAla saM0 1167 vi0 se pUrva 25 hogaa| aisI avasthA meM yaha bhI sambhava hai ki yaha kArikA vararuci prabhRti prAcIna AcAryoM meM se kisI kI ho|

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liGgAnuzAsana ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 296 liGganirNaya-aDiyAra ke pustakAlaya meM kisI ajJAtanAmA lekhaka kA liGganirNaya grantha vidyamAna hai| dekho-sUcIpatra, vyAkaraNavibhAga, sN0412| 24-navakizora zAstrI (saM0 1988 vi0) sArasvata vyAkaraNa meM liGgAnuzAsana nahIM hai| caukhambA granthamAlA 5 kAzI se saM0 1988 meM prakAzita sArasvatacandrikA ke sampAdaka paM0 navakizora zAstrI ne sArasvata-vyAkaraNa kI isa nyUnatA kI pUrti ke liye pANinIya liGgAnuzAsana ke AdhAra para liGgAnuzAsana sUtroM kI racanA kI / aura una para svayaM vRtti tathA 'cakradhara' nAmnI TippaNI likhii| isakA saMketa sampAdaka ne svayaM candrikA ke uttarArdha 10 meM apanI bhUmikA ke anta meM kiyA hai| 25-sarayU prasAda vyAkaraNAcArya inake viSaya meM DA0 rAmaavadha pANDeya ne yaha paricaya diyA hai-'ye saMskRta kAleja baliyA ke adhyApaka haiN| inhoMne liGgAnuzAsana para eka pustaka likhI hai,jo abhI aprakAzita hai| isa para paNDita jI / kI svopajJa vRtti bhI hai / isakI vizeSatA yaha hai ki 18-20 zlokoM meM pUrA pANinIya liGgAnuzAsana A gayA hai|' nirNItarUpa se jJAta liGgAnuzAsana ke pravaktAoM aura upalabdha liGgAnuzAsanoM kA saMkSipta nirdeza karake aba hama una prAcAryoM vA liGgabodhaka granthoM kA nirdeza karate haiM, jinake sambandha meM sAdhAraNa 10 sUcanAmAtra prApta hotI haianirNIta liGgapravaktA vA avijJAta liGgAnuzAsana 1-jaiminikoza-kAra 2-kAtyAyana 3-vyAsa ___ 25 1. sammelana-patrikA, varSa 46 aMka 3 / ..

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10 300 saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa 4- zrAnanda kavi 5- daNDI 6- vAtsyAyana 7- zAzvata inakA nirdeza vAraruca liGgAnuzAsana ke zrajJAtanAmA TIkAkAra kI TIkA ke 7 veM zloka meM milatA hai| yaha zloka hama pUrva ( bhAga 2, pRSTha 282) likha cuke haiM / yaha vararuci ke liGgAnuzAsana kI ukta vRtti meM kAtyAyana kA nirdeza hone se spaSTa hai ki yaha kAtyAyana vararuci kAtyAyana se bhinna hai / 8 - rAmanAtha vidyAvAcaspati -- isakA ullekha liGgAdi saha TippaNI ke nAma se milatA hai / harSIya liGgAnuzAsana ke sampAdaka ve0 veGkaTarAma zarmA ne ise svatantra pustaka mAnA hai / paM0 gurupada hAladAra kA mata hai ki yaha amara koSa kI TIkA hai|' 1 E - liGgakArikA - isakA uddharaNa vardhamAna ne gaNaratna maho15 dadhi meM diyA hai / ' 10 - jayananda sUri - isake grantha kA nAma liGgAnuzAsanavRttyuddhAra hai / grantha nAma se yaha svatantra grantha pratIta nahIM hotA / yaha aprApya bhI hai / 11 - nandI - nandIkRta liGgAnuzAsana grantha upalabdha nahIM 20 hotA / 12 - liGga prabodha -kyA liGgabodha vyAkaraNa isakA nAmAntara ho sakatA hai ? liGgabodha vyAkaraNa lakSmI veGkaThazvara presa bambaI se saM0 1680 vi0 meM chapA thA / 13 - vidyAnidhi - DA0 proTo phraiMka ne eka tulanAtmaka paTTikA 25 banAI thI / usameM usane likhA thA ki harSavardhana hemacandra, yakSavarmA evaM zrI vallabha para vidyAnidhi kA prabhAva thA / 1. vyAkaraNa darzanera itihAsa, bhAga 1, pRSTha 421 / 2. vahI, pRSTha 421 /

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liGgAnuzAsana ke pravaktA prora vyAkhyAtA 14 - jayasaha -- isake jAtA hai / ' 301 grantha kA nAma 'liGgavArtika' kahA 15 - padmanAbha - isake liGgAnuzAsana kA nirdeza hAladAra jI ne kiyA hai| isa prakAra hamane isa adhyAya meM nirNIta rUpa se parijJAta 25 5 liGgAnuzAsana ke pravaktA AcAryoM, unake aneka vyAkhyAtAoM tathA 15 anirNIta liGga pravaktA AcAryoM vA prajJAta liGgAnuzAsanoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai, agale adhyAya meM paribhASA-pATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA prAcAryoM kA varNana kreNge| $20 1. vyAkaraNa darzanera itihAsa, bhAga 1 pRSTha 428 / 2. vahI, pRSTha 422 /

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chabbIsavAM adhyAya paribhASA-pATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA / pANinIya tathA usake uttaravartI zabdAnuzAsanoM se saMbaddha paribhASA-pATha nAmaka eka saMgraha milatA hai| ina paribhASA-pAThoM meM paribhASAoM kI saMkhyA meM kucha nyUnAdhikya, sva-svatantrAnukUla kucha pAThabheda aura krama-bheda dikhAI par3atA hai, anyathA saba kucha prAyaH eka jaisA hai| paribhASA kA lakSaNa-vaiyAkaraNa paribhASA kA lakSaNa 'aniyamaprasaMge niyamakAriNI paribhASA" aisA karate haiN| svAmI dayAnanda 10 sarasvatI ne apane pAribhASika kI bhUmikA meM 'parito vyApRtAM bhASAM paribhASAM pracakSate" aisA lakSaNaM kiyA hai| pahale lakSaNa ke anusAra aniyama kI prApti hone para niyama karanevAle sUtra vA niyama 'paribhASA' kahAte haiN| dvitoya lakSaNa ke anasAra jo sUtra athavA niyama sAre zAstra meM Age-pIche sarvatra apane niyamoM kA pAlana karAveM, ve 'paribhASA' kahAte haiM / mahAbhASyakAra ne paribhASA ko bhI eka viziSTa prakAra kA adhikAra mAnA hai| SaSThI sthAneyogA (111148) sUtra kI vyAkhyA meM likhA hai 'adhikAro nAma triprakAraH / kazcidekadezasthaH sarva zAstramabhijva 20 layati, yathA pradIpaH suprajvalitaH sarva vezma abhijvalayati / ' arthAt adhikAra tIna prakAra kA hotA hai| unameM koI eka deza 1. dra0-paribhASeyaM sthAniniyamArthA aniyamaprasaGge niyamo vidhIyate / kAzikA 111 // 3 // 2. tulanA karo-parito vyApRtA bhASA pribhaassaa| sA hyakadezasthA / sarva zAstramabhijvalayati yathA vezma pradIpa iti / puruSottama-paribhASAvRtti ke * 'ka' saMjJaka hastalekha kA pATha TippaNI meM draSTavya, rAjazAhI (baMgAla) saMskaraNa /

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paribhASA-pATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 303 meM sthita hokara sAre zAstra ko prakAzita karatA hai| jaise acche.prakAra se prajvalita dIpa sAre ghara ko (kamare ko) prakAzita karatA hai| , kaiyaTa ne bhASya ke ukta pATha kI vyAkhyA karate huye likhA hai: 'kazciditi paribhASArUpa ityrthH|' vastutaH donoM lakSaNoM meM zabdamAtra kA bheda haiM, tAttvika bheda 5 nahIM hai| paribhASA kA dvavidhya-ukta prakAra ke niyama-vacana do prakAra ke haiM / eka pANinIya Adi zAstroM meM sUtrarUpa se paThita, dUsare sUtra Adi se jJApita athavA nyAyasiddha aadi|| paribhASAoM kA anya vidhya-kAtantra vyAkaraNIya paribhASAoM 10 ke vyAkhyAtA paribhASAoM ko liGgavatI aura vidhyaGga-zeSabhUta ina do bhAgoM meM vibhakta karate haiM / liGgavatI paribhASA zAstra ke ekadeza meM sthita huI sampUrNa zAstra ko prakAzita karatI hai / kahA bhI hai - ekasthaH savitA devo yathA vizva prakAzakaH / . . tathA liGgavatI zAstramekasthA'pi pradIpayet // . 15 vidhyaGga zeSabhUta paribhASA jahAM-jahAM AvazyakatA hotI hai vahAMvahAM pahuMca kara una-una vidhiyoM kA avayava banatI hai / yathA-- ekApi puMzcalI puMsAM yathaka prayAti ca / vidhyaGgaH zeSabhUtA tadvidhi pratyanugacchati // pANinIya vaiyAkaraNa paribhASAyoM ke ina svarUpoM kA nirdeza ,20 yathoddezaM saMjJA paribhASam (=jahAM par3hI gaI haiM athavA jJApita haiM, unhIM sthAna meM baiThakara kArya karanevAlI saMjJA aura paribhASAeM hotI hai) tathA kAryakAlaM saMjJA paribhASam (=jahAM kArya kA samaya hotA hai vahAM pahuMcane vAlI saMjJA aura paribhASAeM hotI haiM) ke rUpa meM karate haiN|' _ 'paribhASA-pATha' zabda se vaiyAkaraNa-nikAya meM dUsare prakAra ke niyAmaka vacanoM kA hI grahaNa hotA hai / ataH isa adhyAya meM unhIM paribhASAtroM ke hI pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtAoM kA varNana kiyA jaaegaa| 1. vyAkaraNa darzanera itihAsa, pRSTha 163

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304 saMskRta-vyokaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa paribhASAoM kA prAmANya-dvitIya prakAra kI paribhASAeM sUtra. pATha se bahirbhUta hotI huI bhI sUtra dvArA jJApita hone se, dUsare zabdoM meM sUtrakAra dvArA una niyamoM ke svIkRta hone se, tathA nyAyasiddha paribhASAeM lokavidita hone se ve sUtravat pramANa mAnI jAtI haiM, aura unameM sUtravat asiddhAdi kArya hote haiN| paribhASAoM kA cAtuvidhya-ye paribhASAeM cAra prakAra kI haiM 1-jApita-jo paribhASAeM kisI sUtra se jJApita hotI haiM, ve 'jJApita' paribhASAeM kahAtI haiM / yathA-vyAkhyAnato vishessprtiptti| 2-nyAyasiddha-jo paribhASAeM laukika nyAyAnukUla hotI haiM, 10 ve 'nyAyasiddha' kahAtI haiN| yathA-gauNamukhyayomukhya kAryasampratyayaH / 3-vAcanika-jo paribhASAeM na to sUtra dvArA jJApita haiM, aura na hI nyAyasiddha haiM, kintu prAcAryavizeSa ke vacana haiM, ve 'vAcanika' mAnI jAtI haiN| vAcanika ke do bheda-vAcanika paribhASAeM do prakAra kI hai| 15 eka to ve jo vArtikakAra ke vacana hI paribhASArUpa se svIkRta kara lie gaye haiM / aura dUsarI ve-jo bhASyakAra ke vacana haiN| kAtyAyanavacana-paribhASAvRttikAra sIradeva ne bahutra likhA hai 'aninasmin grahaNAnyartha.............." / idaM ca kAtyAyanavacanaM paribhASArUpeNa ptthyte|' paribhASAvRtti, pRSTha 121, paribhASA saMgraha 20 (pUnA) pRSTha 230 / 'pUrvatrAsiddhIyamadvivaMcane ......" / sarvasya (11) ityatrasUtre kAtyAyanavAkyamidaM paribhASArUpeNa paThyate / ' paribhASAvRtti. pRSTha 161, paribhASA saMgraha (pUnA) pRSTha 254 / puruSottama deva ne bhI ina donoM paribhASAoM ke sambandha meM aisA 25 hI likhA hai|' pataJjalivacana-puruSottamadeva likhatA hai--'antaraGgabahiraGga 1. kAtyAyanavacanametat paribhASArUpeNa paThyate / kramazaH paribhASAvRtti paSTha 31.51 (rAjazAhI saM0), paribhASA saMgraha (pUnA) kramazaH pRSTha 146. 157 //

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2/36 paribhASA - pATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 305 yorantaraGga balavat vipratiSedhasUtre (1 / 4 / 2 ) iyaM paribhASA bhASyakAreNa paThitA / ' paribhASAvRtti, pRSTha 21 ( rAjazAhI saM0 ), paribhASA saMgraha (pUnA) pRSTha 130 / sIradeva bhI isI kA anumodana karatA hai / ' 4 - mizrita - katipaya paribhASAeM aisI bhI haiM, jinakA ekadeza sUtrakAra dvArA jJApita hotA hai, aura ekadeza nyAyasiddha hai / yathA - 'sati ziSTasvarabalIyastvamanyatra vikaraNebhyaH / isa paribhASA kA pUrvabhAga nyAyasiddha hai, aura anyatra vikaraNebhyaH praza tAsyAnudAttedi0 (6 / 1 / 186) sUtra dvArA jJApita hai| katipaya mizrita paribhASAeM aisI bhI haiM, jinakA ekadeza sUtra - 10 kAra dvArA jJApita hotA hai, aura zeSa aMza pUrvAcAryoM dvArA vacanarUpa meM paThita hotA hai / yathA 'gatikArakopapadAnAM kRdbhiH saha samAsavacanaM prAksubutpatteH' paribhASA kA 'upapadAMza' tathA 'subutpatti se pUrva samAsavidhAna' bhAga upapadamati sUtra ke atiGa grahaNa se jJApita hotA hai, zeSa aMza pUrvA- 15 cAryoM kA vAcanika thA, yaha svIkAra kara liyA hai / " paribhASAoM kA mUla pANinIya tathA itara vaiyAkaraNoM dvArA AzrIyamANa paribhASAtroM kA mUla kyA hai ? yaha nizcita rUpa se nahIM kaha sakate / sAmAnyatayA itanA hI kaha sakate haiM ki ina paribhASAoM kA mUla prAcIna vaiyA- 20 karaNoM ke sUtrapAThoM ke viziSTa sUtra haiM / 1. iyaM paribhASA vipratiSedhasUtre ( 1 1 4 1 2 ) bhASye nyAse ca paThitA / paribhASAvRtti, pRSTha 45, paribhASAsaMgraha (pUnA) pRSTha 186 | 2. draSTavya - gatikArakopapadAnAmiti paribhASA pUrvAcAryaiH paThitA, sUtrakAreNApyatiGa grahaNena tadda eza zrAzritA / pada0 bhAga 1, pRSTha 403 / tulanA 25 karo - 'kRdgrahaNe gatikArakapUrvasyApi grahaNaM bhavati' ke viSaya meM kaiyaTa likhatA hai - pUrvAcAryaistAvadeSA paribhASA paThitA, iha tvanantaragrahaNena saivAbhyanujJAyate / pradIpa 6 / 2 / 46 / isa para nAgeza kahatA hai- ekadezAnumitidvArA kRtsnA paribhASA jJApyate /

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306 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa sIradeva likhatA hai-'paribhASA hi nAma na sAkSAt pANinIyavacanAni / kiM tahi ? nAnAcAryANAm / ' paribhASAvRtti, pRSTha 186, paribhASA saMgraha (pUnA) pRSTha 268 / sIradeva se pUrvabhAvI puruSottamadeva kA bhI yahI mata hai|' isI prakAra kaiyaTa (pradIpa 6 / 2 / 46); haradatta (pada0 bhAga 1, pRSTha 403), tathA sAyaNa (bhU dhAtu para)ne paribhASAoM ko pUrvAcAryoM ke vacana kahA hai| aindrAdi tantra mUla-nAgeza bhaTTa ke ziSya vaidyanAtha pAyaguNDa te paribhASendu zekhara kI 'gadA' nAmnI TIkA meM paribhASAoM kA mUla 10 aindra Adi tantroM ko mAnA hai| ___ ye paribhASAeM prAcIna vaiyAkaraNoM ke zabdAnuzAsanoM meM sUtra athavA unake vyAkhyArUpa vacana haiM / sambhavataH isI pakSa ko svIkAra karake zrIbhoja ne paribhASAoM ko apane sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNarUpa zabdAnuzAsana meM punaH antanihita kara liyaa|' 5 paribhASAoM ke prAzrayaNa aura anAzrayaNa kI sImA-sabhI vaiyA karaNoM kA ina paribhASAoM ke sambandha meM sAmAnya mata yaha hai ki jahAM inake AzrayaNa ke vinA zAstrIya kArya-nirvAha nahIM hotA, vahAM ina kA prAzrayaNa kiyA jAtA hai / aura jahAM inake AzrayaNa se doSa prApta hotA hai, vahAM inakA AzrayaNa nahIM kiyA jaataa| 1. paribhASA hi na pANinIyAni vacanAni / kiM tarhi, nAnAcAryANAm / paribhASAvRtti, pRSTha 55, paribhASAsaMgraha (pUnA) pRSTha 160 / 2. dra0-prAcInavaiyAkaraNatantre vAcanikAni (paribhASenduzekhara ke prArambha meN)| isakI vyAkhyA meM vaidyanAtha ne likhA hai-'prAcIneti indrAdItyarthaH / 3. prathamAdhyAya ke dvitIya pAda meM madhya-madhya meM paribhASAoM kA saMgraha kiyA hai| 4. tatra pANinIye zabdAnuzAsane yatraiva viziSTaviSaye mukhyalakSaNena siddhistatraivaitA gatyantaramapazyadbhirAzrIyante / na tu yatratAsAM samAzrayaNe doSa eva pratyupapadyate tatratAH samAzrIyante / puruSottama deva, paribhASAvRtti, pRSTha 55, paribhASA-saMgraha (pUnA) pRSTha 160 / yahI lekha atyalpa zabdabheda se sIradevIya 10 paribhASAvRtti meM bhI milatA hai| dra0-pRSTha 186, paribhASAsaMgraha, pUnA pRSTha 266 /

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paribhASA-pATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 307 paribhASApATha ke viSaya meM itanA sAmAnya nirdeza karane ke pazcAt paribhASApATha ke viziSTa pravaktAmoM aura vyAkhyAtAoM kA varNana karate haiM 1. kAzakRtsna (3100 vi0 pUrva) / kAzakRtsna prAcAryaprokta vyAkaraNazAstra kA varNana hama pUrva 5 (bhAga 1, pRSTha 115-133; ca0 saM0) kara cuke hai| kAzakRtsnaprokta dhAtupATha ke vyAkhyAtA cannavIra kavi ne anya kAzakRtsnIya sUtroM ke samAna tuda (51) dhAtu ke vyAkhyAna meM 'sakRda bAdhito vidhirbAdhita eva" eka vacana par3hA hai| anya prAcAryoM ke vyAkaraNoM meM kucha bheda se yaha vacana paribhASApATha meM milatA hai| ataH vicAraNIya 10 hai ki yaha vacana vyAkaraNazAstra kA sUtra hai, athavA kAzakRtsna ne bhI svazAstrasaMbaddha kisI paribhASA pATha kA pravacana kiyA thA ? kAzakRtsnIya dhAtupATha aura uNAdipAThoM kI upasthiti meM yaha sambhAvanA adhika yuktisiddhi pratIta hotI hai ki usane kisI paribhASA pATha kA bhI pravacana kiyA thaa| 2-vyADi (2950 vi0 pUrva) pANinIya vaiyAkaraNoM dvArA Azrita paribhASA-vacana yadyapi pUrvAcAryoM ke sUtrarUpa haiM, tathApi inako eka vyavasthita rUpa ke saMgRhIta karane, aura pANinIya tantra ke anurUpa inake svarUpa ko abhivyakta karanevAlA kona prAcArya hai ? isa para vicAra karane se vidita hotA 20 hai ki sambhavataH prAcArya vyADi ne paribhASApATha ko prathamataH vyavasthita rUpa diyA ho / hamArI isa sambhAvanA meM nimna hetu haiM 1-DI0 e0 vI0 kAleja lAhaura ke lAlacanda pustakAlaya (vartamAna meM vizvezvarAnanda zodha saMsthAna hoziyArapura) meM paribhASApATha ke do hastalekha vidyamAna haiM / inake anta meM likhA hai'kecittu vyAkhyAnato vizeSapratipattirityAdayaH sarvAH paribhASA 1. kAzakRtsnapAtuvyAsmAnam pRSTha 156 / 25

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308 . saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa vyADimuninA viracitA ityAhuH / " 2-bhAskara agnihotrI aparanAma haribhAskarakRta paribhASAbhAskara ke anta meM likhA hai kecittu vyAkhyAnato vizeSapratipattirityAdi sarvAH paribhASA 5 vyADimuninA viracitA ityAhuH / ' 3-iNDiyA Aphisa landana ke pustakAlaya meM bhAskara bhaTTa ke kisI antevAsI viracita paribhASAvRtti kA eka hastalekha hai / usake prArambha meM likhA hai'kecit vyAkhyAnata iti paribhASA vyADimuniviracitA ityAhuH / 4-TriveNDrama se prakAzita nIlakaNTha dIkSita kI paribhASApATha kI laghuvRtti ke Arambha meM likhA hai'kecittu vyAkhyAnata ityAdiparibhASA vyADiviracitA ityAhuH / ' 5-jammU ke raghunAtha mandira ke hestalekha-saMgraha meM vyADIya paribhASA-vRtti nAma kA eka grantha vidyamAna hai / draSTavya-sUcIpatra 15 pRSTha 37 / 6-mahAmahopAdhyAya kAzInAtha abhyaMkara ne upalabhyamAna samasta paribhASApAThoM, tathA unakI vRttiyoM kA paribhASA saMgraha nAma se eka saMgraha prakAzita kiyA hai| unake isa saMgraha meM prathama grantha haivyADikRtaM paribhASAsUcanam, aura dUsarA vyaaddipribhaassaa-paatth| inameM prathama grantra savyAkhyA hai / dvitIya grantha ke anta meM likhA hai'iti vyADiviracitAH pANinIyaparibhASAH smaaptaaH|' pRsstth43| ina saba pramANoM se spaSTa hai ki vyADi ne kisI paribhASA kA saMgraha athavA pravacana kiyA thaa| vyADi ke paribhASA pATha kA sambandha sAkSAt pANinIya tantra se 1. saMgraha saMkhyA 3277, 3272 / 2. paribhASA saMgraha (pUnA), pRSTha 374 / 3. sUcIpatra, bhAga 1, khaNDa 2, grantha saM0 673 / 4. bhaNDArakara oriyaNTala risarca insTITayU Ta pUnA, san 1967 /

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paribhASA-pATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 306 thA, athavA usake svIya tantra se, yaha kahanA kaThina hai (vyADiprokta zabdAnuzAsana kA varNana hama isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM pRSTha 143145 ca0 saM0 para kara cuke haiM), punarapi vyADIya paribhASA ke jo donoM grantha mahAmahopAdhyAya kAzInAtha jI ne paribhASAsaMgraha meM prakAna zita kiye haiM / unameM akRtavyUhAH pANinIyAH' paribhASA kA nirdeza 5 hone se ukta mudrita pAThoM kA sambandha pANinIya tantra se hI haiM, yaha spaSTa hai / isakI puSTi dvitIya pATha ke anta meM vidyamAna iti vyADiviracitAH pANinIyaparibhASAH samAptAH pATha se, tathA rAyala eziyATika sosAiTI baMgAla ke saMgraha (saMkhyA 10204) meM vidyamAna paribhASApATha ke 'vyADiviracitA pANinIyaparibhASA' pATha se bhI 10 hotI haiN| vyADIya paribhASApATha kA nAma-paribhASA saMgraha ke prArambha meM mudrita vyADIya paribhASApATha para paribhASA-sUcanam nAma nirdiSTa hai isakI vyAkhyA meM bhI___ 'atha paribhASAsUcanam vyAkhyAsyAmaH / athetyymdhikaaraarthH| 15 paribhASAsUcanaM zAstramadhikRtam veditvym|' pRSTha 1 / isa zAstra kA nAma paribhASAsUcana likhA hai mahAmahopAdhyAyajI kI bhUla-paribhASAsUcana kI vyAkhyA kA jo pATha udadhRta kiyA hai, usase spaSTa hai ki atha paribhASAsUcanaM vyAkhyAsyAmaH yaha isa grantha kA prathama sUtra hai| mahAmahopAdhyAyajI ne 20 ise vyAkhyAkAra kA vacana samajha kara ise sUtrarUpa meM nahIM chApA hai| sambhavataH unheM yaha bhrama pANinIya tantra ke zabdAnuzAsanama kI prAdhanika vyAkhyAnoM ke AdhAra para huA hogA, jina meM atha zabdAnuzAsanam ko bhASyakArIya vacana kahA hai| . 1. draSTavya-prathama pATha (paribhASAsUcanam) saMkhyA 65, dUsarA pATha 25 saMkhyA 84 / 2. rAjazAhI (baMgAla) mudrita puruSottamadevIya paribhASAvRtti kI bhUmikA pRSTha 26 / 3. yaha pANinIyASTaka kA Adima sUtra hai / isake lie dekhie yahI grantha

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310 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ___ vyADIya paribhASApATha ke do pATha-mahAmahopAdhyAyajI dvArA prakAzita vyADIya paribhASApATha ke jo do grantha chape haiM, una donoM kA pATha bhinna-bhinna hai| prathama pATha meM kevala 63 paribhASAeM haiM, dUsare pATha meM 140 haiN| inameM kevala saMkhyA kA hI bheda nahIM hai, paribhASAoM kA paurvAparya tathA pAThabheda bhI bahuta hai|| punaH dvividha pATha-pANinIya vaiyAkaraNoM dvArA prAzrIyamANa paribhASA-pATha ke samprati do pATha upalabdha hote haiN| eka pATha hai sIradeva viracita paribhASAvRtti meM Azrita, aura dUsarA hai paribhASe nduzekhara Adi meM aashrit| 10 aba hama paribhASAoM ke vibhinna pAThoM ke viSaya meM saMkSepa se likhate haiM prathama pATha-isa pATha meM 63 paribhASA-sUtra haiN| prathama pratha paribhASAsUcanaM vyAkhyAsyAmaH sUtra ko milAne para 64 sUtra ho jAte haiN| isa pATha kI prathama paribhASA arthavadgrahaNe nAnarthakasya, aura 15 antima kRdgrahaNe gatikArakapUrvasyApi grahaNama hai| isa pATha para eka TIkA bhI chapI hai| vyAkhyAkAra kA nAma ajJAta hai| dvitIya pATha - dvitIya pATha meM 140 paribhASAe haiN| isameM bhI prathama paribhASA to arthavadgrahaNe nAnarthakasya grahaNam hI (pAThabheda se) na hai, parantu antima paribhASA jJApakasiddhana sarvatra hai / isa pATha ke anta meM puSpikA hai--iti vyADiviracitAH pANinIyaparibhASAH smaaptaaH| tRtIya pATha-yaha pATha puruSottamadeva kI paribhASAvRtti meM upalabdha hotA hai| isameM prathama paribhASA to arthavadgrahaNe nAnarthakasya 25 hI hai, parantu antima paribhASA bhavati vyAkhyAnato vizeSapratipatti nahi saMdehAdalakSaNam hai / isameM 120 paribhASAeM haiM / isa paribhASApATha ke kinhIM hastalekhoM ke anta meM isa prakAra pATha hai 20 prathama bhAga, pRSTha 226-230 (ca0 saM0), tathA pratyAhArasUtroM ke lie pRSTha 230-232 (ca0 sN0)|

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paribhASA-pAThake pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 311 'iti pANinIyAcAryaviracitAnAM paribhASANAM laghuvRttiH smpuurnnaa'| ina tInoM pAThoM kA mUla eka hai, kyoMki prArambha kI paribhASA tInoM meM samAna hai / hAM, paribhASAoM ke pATha, paurvAparya krama aura saMkhyA meM antara hai| caturtha pATha-yaha pATha sIradeva kI paribhASAvRtti meM upalabdha 5 hotA hai| isameM 133 paribhASAeM hai / inameM 102 paribhASAeM jJApakasiddha athavA kAtyAyanAdi ke vArtika rUpa haiM / inake anantara 31 paribhASAeM nyAyasiddha haiM / granthakAra ne svayaM kahA hai-'prataH paraM nyAyamUlAH pribhaassaaH|' pRSTha 164, kAzI saM0, paribhASAsaMgraha, pRSTha 256 / __ vaiziSTaya-isa pATha kA vaiziSTya yaha hai ki isameM aSTAdhyAyI ke krama se jJApita athavA vArtikarUpa paribhASAoM kA saMgraha hai| isa lie sarvatra iti "prathamaH pAdaH, bhUpAdaH, kArakapAdaH, iti prathamo'dhyAyaH Adi pATha upalabdha hote haiN| 'paJcama pATha-yaha pATha nAgeza bhaTTa ke paribhASenduzekhara meM upa- 15 labdha hotA hai| isameM 133 paribhASAe haiN| isa pATha meM paribhASAoM kA saMgraha bhI kaumudI Adi ke antargata sUtrapATha ke samAna lakSya siddhi krama se kiyA hai / samprati pANinIya vaiyAkaraNoM meM yahI pATha adhyayanA. dhyApana meM pracalita hai / Adhunika lekhakoM ne isI pATha para apanI vyAkhyAeM likhI haiM / isa pATha ko prAdhAnyena pAzraya karake likhe gae 20 vyAkhyA-granthoM meM paribhASAoM kI saMkhyA sarvatra samAna nahIM hai| yathA zeSAdrinAtha sudhI-viracita paribhASAbhAskara meM 110 hI paribhASAeM vyADIya paribhASAvRttikAra vyADiprokta paribhASApATha para kisI ajJAtanAmA vaiyAkaraNa ne 25 eka vRtti likhI hai / isake kaI hastalekhoM ke AdhAra para mahAmahopAdhyAya kAzInAtha abhyaGkara paribhASAsaMgraha ke prArambha meM isa vRtti ko prakAzita kiyA hai| - paribhASAvRttikAra ne apane deza kAla, yahAM taka ki svanAma kA bhI grantha meM nirdeza nahIM kiyaa| ataH isakA deza kAla Adi sarvathA 30 ajJAta hai|

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa 3 - pANini (2600 vi0 pUrva ) paribhASApATha ke kaI hastalekha tathA vRttigrantha aise haiM, jinake anta meM paribhASAtroM ko pANinIya, pANini-prokta vA pANini-viracita kahA hai / yathA - 15 312 1. DiyAra (madrAsa) ke hastalekha saMgraha ke sUcIpatra bhAga 2 (san 1928) pRSTha 72 para paribhASA sUtroM kA eka hastalekha nirdiSTa hai / usameM likhA hai - paribhASAsUtrANi pANinikRtAni / ' 2. pUrva ( pRSTha 310, bhAga 2 ) paribhASAtroM ke vividha - pAThanirdeza prakaraNAntargata tRtIya pATha meM puruSottamadeva kI paribhASA - 10 vRtti ke anta kA jo pATha uddhRta kiyA hai, usase bhI yahI dhvanita hotA hai ki koI paribhASAsUtra vA pATha pANiniprokta hai / niSkarSa - pUrvApara sabhI pakSoM para vicAra karake hama isI niSkarSa para pahuMce haiM ki pANini ne svatantra sambaddha kisI paribhASApATha kA pravacana kiyA thaa| hamAre vicAra kI puSTi mahAbhASya 11412 ke 'paThiSyati hyAcAryaH sakRdgatau vipratiSedhe yad bAvitaM tad bAdhitameva iti / ' I vacana se bhI hotI hai / kyoMki mahAbhASya meM AcArya pada kA nirdeza pANini aura kAtyAyana ke lie hI kiyA jAtA hai / nAgeza ne isa para likhA hai ki zrAcArya se yahAM vArtikakAra abhipreta hai / parantu 20 sampUrNa mahAbhASya meM kahIM para bhI yaha paribhASA vArtika rUpa meM paThita nahIM hai / ataH yahAM pANini ke lie prayukta huA AcArya pada paribhASApATha ke pANinIya-pravacana ko hI spaSTa kara rahA hai / zrata eva usI ke anukaraNa para pANini se uttaravartI vaiyAkaraNa bhI barAbara sva-tantra-saMbaddha paribhASA-pAThoM kA prAyaH pravacana karate prA rahe haiM / 25 hAM, yaha ho sakatA hai ki pANinIya paribhASAoM kA mUla AdhAra vyADi kI apane tantra se saMbaddha paribhASAeM hoN| aisA hone para paribhASApATha ke pUrva nirdiSTa dvitIya pATha ke anta kI paMkti iti vyADaviracitAH pANinIyaparibhASAH samAptAH kA abhiprAya adhika 1. bhASya AcAryo vArtikakAraH /

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2/40 paribhASA-pATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 313 spaSTa ho jAtA hai / isa prakAra pUrva-nirdiSTa paribhASApATha ke pAMcoM pAThoM kA saMbandha pANinIya paribhASApATha se upapanna ho jAtA hai| ___ aba hama paribhASApATha ke vyAkhyAkAroM kA kAlakrama se varNana karate haiM paribhASA-pATha ke vyAkhyAtA 1. haradatta (saM0 1115 vi.) kAzikAvRtti ke vyAkhyAtA haradatta ne paribhASApATha para paribhASAprakaraNa nAmaka eka grantha likhA thA / vaha 6 / 1 / 37 kI vyAkhyA meM likhatA hai-- 'anantyavikAre'ntyasavezasya nepAsti . paribhASA, * prayojanA- 10 bhAvAt / etaccAsmAbhiH paribhASAprakaraNAkhye granthe upapAditam / ' padamaJjarI 6 / 1137; bhAya 2, pRSTha 437 / .: isase adhika isa viSaya meM kucha jJAta nahIM hai| ..... 2. ajJAtanAma (saM0 1200 vi0 se pUrva) amaraTIkAsarvasva ke racayitA sarvAnanda vandyaghaTIya (saM0 1216) 15 ne amarakoza 2 / 8 / 68 kI TIkA meM kisI paribhASAvRttikAra kA nimna pATha uddhRta kiyA hai- ... ........... 'prakRtavyUhAH pANinIyAH kRtamapi zAstraM nivartayanti / atra hi prakRtamyUhA pragRhItazAstrA iti paribhASAvRttikAraruktam / ' bhAga 3 pRSTha 106 / yaha pATha puruSottamadeva kI vRtti meM upalabdha nahIM hotaa| sarvAnanda kA kAla,saM0 1216 vi0 hai / ataH yaha vRtti usase pUrvavartI hone se saM0 1200 vi0 athavA usase pUrva kI hai| .. 3. puruSottamadeva (saM0 1200 vi0) . puruSottamadeva ne paribhASApATha para eka anativistara vRtti likhI 25

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314 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa haiM / yaha laghuvRtti aura lalitAvRtti ke nAma se prasiddha hai|' puruSottamadeva ke deza-kAla Adi ke viSaya meM isa grantha ke prathama bhAga pRSTha 428-426 (ca0 saM0) para likha cuke haiN| paribhASAvRtti kA vaiziSTaya-yaha vRtti pUrvanirdiSTa vyADIya 5 paribhASApATha para hai| puruSottamadeva ne apane jJApakasamuccaya ke prArambha meM isa vRtti ko vRddha-sammatA kahA hai| paribhASAvivaraNa - goMDala (saurASTra) kI rasazAlA auSadhAzrama ke hastalekha-saMgraha meM paribhASA-vivaraNa nAmaka eka grantha hai (dra0 sUcIpatra, vyAkaraNa vibhAga, saM0 33) / isa grantha ke anta meM lekhana10 kAla saM0 1584 caitrazudhekAdazyAM nirdiSTa hai| isa vivaraNa ke racayitA kA nAma ajJAta hai / isameM bhI paribhASAoM kA vahI krama haiM, jo puruSottamadeva kI vRtti meM hai| kevala itanA antara hai ki puruSottamadeva kI vRtti meM 120 paribhASAeM vyAkhyAta haiM, isameM 115 haiN| isa hastalekha ke patrA 4 para yadAha mihiraH-manivacanavirodhe yaktitA kena cintyA' iti pATha upalabdha hotA hai| yaha pATha isI rUpa meM puruSottamadeva kI paribhASA vRtti meM 7vIM paribhASA kI vyAkhyA meM milatA hai / ataH sandeha hotA hai ki ukta paribhASAvivaraNa kA hastalekha kadAcit puruSottamIya paribhASAvRtti kA ho| donoM kI tulanA Avazyaka hai| hamane jaba goNDala kA ukta hastalekha dekhA thA, 2. usa samaya hamAre pAsa puruSotamadeva kI paribhASAvRtti nahIM thii| jJApaka-samuccaya-puruSottamadeva ne jJApaka-samuccaya nAma kA eka 1. iti zrIpANinyAcAryaviracitAnAM paribhASANAM laghuvRttiH sampUrvA / kAzInAtha abhyaGkara, paribhASA-saMgraha, pRSTha 16 / iti vaiyAkaraNagajapaJcAnanazrIpuruSottamadeva viracitA lalitAkhyA paribhASAvRttiH samAptA / rAjazAhI (baMgAla), pRSTha 56 / 2. yazcakre paribhASANAM vRtti vRddhasammatAm / jJApakasamuccaya, pRSTha 57 / 3. paribhASAvivaraNazcAyaM samAptaH / saM0 1584 caitrazuddhaya kAdazyAM rAmAnujena paribhASAvivaraNamalekhi / 4. bRhatsaMhitA, a0 1 / 30 5. paribhASAvRtti, pRSTha 6, paribhASAsaMgraha, pRSTha 116 /

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paribhASA - pATha ke pravaktA zrIra vyAkhyAtA 315 grantha aura likhA hai / isameM aSTAdhyAyI ke krama se tattat sUtroM se jJApita honevAle vividha niyamoM kA vistAra se vivaraNa likhA hai / jJApakasamuccaya kI racanA paribhASAvRtti ke anantara huI, yaha isake prathama zloka tathA aneka sthAnoM para paribhASAvRtti ke ullekha se spaSTa hai| 4. sIradeva (saM0 1200 - 1400 vi0 ) sIradeva viracita paribhASAvRtti bahuta varSa pUrva kAzI se prakAzita ho cukI hai| isakA navIna saMskaraNa paM0 kAzInAtha abhyaGkara ne paribhASA saMgraha ke antargata prakAzita kiyA hai / paricaya - sIradeva ne paribhASAvRtti meM apanA koI paricaya nahIM 10 diyA / ataH isakA deza kAla Adi ajJAta hai | kAla - sIradeva ne paribhASAvRtti meM jitane granthakAroM kA smaraNa kiyA hai, unameM saba se arvAcIna puruSottamadeva hai ( dra0-pRSTha 16, 150, 175 kAzI saM0') / yaha sIradeva ke samaya kI pUrva sImA hai / sIradeva ko uddhRta karanevAloM meM sAyaNa saba se prAcIna hai / vaha dhAtuvRtti meM 15 anekatra sIradeva kI paribhASAvRtti ko uddhRta karatA haiM / yathA ka - yaduktaM sIradevena vyadhika paribhASAyAH " tadapi vRttivArtikavirodhAdeva pratyuttam / dya ta dhAtu 728, pRSTha 126, caukhambA saM0 / kha- pracikIrtat iti siddhyarthamanityatvaM cAsyA vadan sIradevospi pratyuktaH / kRta dhAtu 10 / 116, pRSTha 386, caukhambA saM0 / 1 yaha sIradeva ke kAla kI uttara sImA hai / isa prakAra sIradeva kA kAla sthUlatayA saM0 1200 - 1400 vi0 ke madhya hai / mahAmaho - pAdhyAya abhyaGkaraM ne sIradeva kA kAla IsA kI 12vIM zatI mAnA hai / 20 paribhASAvRtti kA vaiziSTya - yaha paribhASApATha aSTAdhyAyI ke krama se tattat sUtroM se jJApita athavA tatsambandhI vArtika prAdirUpa 28 vacanoM kA saMgraharUpa hai | hamAre vicAra meM yadi pANini ne kisI paribhASApATha kA pravacana kiyA hogA, to vaha yahI aSTAdhyAyIkramAnu 1. paribhASA saMgraha meM kramaza: pRSTha 171.247,263 /

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316 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa sArI pATha rahA hogaa| parantu isa pATha meM jo vArtika athavA bhASyavacana paribhASArUpeNa sammilita haiM, ve nizcaya hI pANinIya pravacana meM nahIM the| dUsarA vaiziSTaya isa vRtti kI praur3hatA tathA vicAra-gahanatA hai| 5 yaha vRtti sampUrNa vRttiyoM se saba se adhika vistRta hai, ataH yaha bRhad vRtti ke nAma se prasiddha haiN| - paribhASAsaMkhyA meM bheda-sIradevIya paribhASAvRtti ke kAzI saMskaraNa meM paribhASAoM kI saMkhyA 133 hai| kAzInAtha abhyaGkara dvArA prakAzita paribhASA saMgraha meM 130 saMkhyA hai| vyAkhyAkAra 1-zrImAnazarmA (saM0 1500-1550 vi0) zrImAnazarmA nAmaka vidvAn ne sIradevIya paribhASApATha para vijayA nAmnI TippaNI likhI hai / isakA hastalekha bhaNDArakara prAcyavidyApratiSThAna pUnA meM hai| paricaya-zrImAnazarmA ne apanI vijayA TippaNI ke anta meM apanA paricaya isa prakAra diyA hai| 'anunyAsAdisArasya kA shriimaanshrmnnaa| zrIlakSmIpatiputreNa vijayeyaM vinirmitaa|| iti vArendracampAhaTTIya zrIzrImAnazarmanimmitA sIradevabRhat20 paribhASAvRttiTippaNI vijayAkhyA smaaptaa|' isa nirdeza ke anusAra zrImAnazarmA ke pitA kA nAma lakSmIpati thA, aura vaha vArendra campAhaTTi kula kA thaa| zrImAnazarmA ne apane varSakRtya grantha ke anta meM apane ko vyAkaraNa tarka sukRta (=karmakANDa) Agama aura kAvyazAstra kA indu kahA 25 hai / yaha padmanAbha mizra kA guru thaa| kAla-zrImAnazarmA kA kAla saM0 1500-1550 vi0 ke madhya hai| * zrImAnazarmA ke vizeSa paricaya ke lie dekhie dinezacandra bhaTTAna cArya sampAdita paribhASAvRtti-jJApakasamuccaya (rAjazAhI-baGgAla)

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paribhASA - pATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 317 kI bhUmikA pRSTha 16 - 17 / hamane usI ke AdhAra para saMkSipta paricaya diyA hai / zrImAna zarmA kRta vijayA TippaNI ma0 ma0 kAzInAtha abhyaGkara dvArA sampAdita paribhASA saMgraha meM pRSTha 273 - 262 taka chapa cukI hai| 2 - rAmabhadra dIkSita (saM0 1744 vi0 ) sIradevIya paribhASAvRtti para rAmabhadra dIkSita ne eka vyAkhyA likhI haiN| isake aneka hastalekha vibhinna hastalekha - saMgrAhaka pustakAlayoM meM vidyamAna haiM / paricaya tathA kAla - rAmabhadra dIkSita ke kAla ke Adi ke viSaya uNAdiprakaraNa (pRSTha 234 - 235) meM likha cuke haiM, ataH vahIM dekheM / 10 3- prajJAtanAma DiyAra (madrAsa) ke hastalekha saMgraha meM ajJAtakartA ke paribhASAvRtti-saMgraha nAmaka eka hastalekha hai / dra0 - vyAkaraNa vibhAga, saMkhyA 501 / yaha vRttisaMgraha sIradevIya paribhASAvRtti kA saMkSeparUpa hai / parantu isake anta meM likhita iti mahAmahopAdhyAyaM sIradevakRtau 15 paribhASAvRttiH samAptA pATha sandeha utpanna karatA hai / isI prasaMga meM Age saMkhyA 10 para nirdiSTa vaidyanAtha zAstrIkRta paribhASArtha saMgraha bhI draSTavya hai / 5. viSNu zeSa [ zeSa viSNu ] (saM0 1500 - 1550 vi0 ) viSNu zeSa ( zeSa viSNu) ne pANinIya sampradAya ke sambaddha pari- 20 bhASA pATha para 'paribhASAprakAza' nAma kI eka vRtti likhI haiM / isakA eka hastalekha bhaNDArakara prAcyavidyA zodha pratiSThAna pUnA ke saMgraha meM hai / dra0 sUcIpatra (san 1938) saMkhyA 300 ( pRSTha 233) / paribhASA - prakAza ke Arambha meM viSNu zeSa ne apanA paricaya isa prakAra diyA hai 7. zeSAvataMsaM zeSAMzaM jagattrayapUjitam / cakrapANi tathA natvA pitaraM kRSNapaNDitam // 2 // bhrAtaraM ca jagannAthaM viSNuzeSeNa dhImatA / paribhASAprakAzo'yaM kriyate dhImatAM sude // 3 // 25

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318 saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa anta meM iti zrImacchevakRSNapaNDitAtmajaviSNu paNDita viracite paribhASAprakAze prathamaH pAdaH / 5 zeSa vaMza kA citra hamane isa grantha ke prathama bhAga ke pRSTha 436 ( ca0saM0) para diyA haiM | prArambha meM (tRtIya saMskaraNa payanta) hameM isa zeSavaMzAvataMsa viSNu paNDita kA paricaya nahIM thA / ataH usameM isakA ullekha nahIM kiyA thA / zeSa viSNu ne apanA jo paricaya diyA hai, tadanusAra yaha viSNu kisI kRSNa paNDita kA putra hai / viSNu ne apane bhrAtA jagannAtha kA ullekha kiyA hai / viTThala ne bhI prakriyAkaumudI ke anta meM 14veM zloka meM kisI jagannAthAzrama ko smaraNa kiyA hai, 10 yaha sambhavataH zeSaviSNu kA bhrAtA jagannAtha hogA / viTThala ke samaya saMnyasta ho jAne se jagannAthAzrama ke nAma se smaraNa kiyA gayA hai / viSNu ko prakriyA kaumudI ke vyAkhyAtA zeSakRSNa kA putra mana meM eka kaThinAI yaha pratIta hotI hai ki usane kevala jagannAtha 15 ko hI kyoM smaraNa kiyA ? zeSakRSNa ke anya do prasiddha putra rAmezvara aura nAganAtha yA nAgojI kA ullekha kyoM nahIM kiyA ? isI prakAra zeSa viSNu dvArA smRta cakrapANi kyA prauDhamanoramA kA khaNDanakAra ho sakatA hai ? cakrapANi ke sAtha viSNu ne apanA koI sambandha nahIM drshaayaa| kyA cakrapANi usakA guru ho sakatA hai ? ina kaThinAiyoM 20 ke kAraNa hama navIna saMskaraNa meM bhI zeSa viSNu kA sthAna zeSavaMza ke citra meM nirdiSTa nahIM kara sake / zeSaviSNu kA kAla sthUlarUpa meM saM0 1500-1600 ke madhya mAnA jA sakatA hai / 6. paribhASAvivaraNakAra (saM0 1584 vi0 ) goNDala ke rasazAlA prISavAzrama ke hastalekha saMgraha meM paribhASA - 25 vivaraNa nAmaka eka hastalekha haiM / isakA lekhanakAla saM0 1584 vi0 caitra sudI ekAdazI hai / isa hastalekha ke sambandha meM pUrva puruSottamadeva ko paribhASAvRtti ke prasaMga meM (pRSTha 314) likha cuke haiM /

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paribhASA - pATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 7. paribhASAvRttikAra eka ajJAtakartR ka paribhASAvRtti kA hastalekha madrAsa ke rAjakIya hastalekha saMgraha meM vidyamAna hai / dra0 sUcIpatra bhAga 5, khaNDa 1e, pRSTha 6271, naM0 4258 / lekhaka kA nAma ajJAta hone se isake deza kAlAdi kA parijJAna 5 bhI nahIM ho sakA / isa paribhASAvRtti meM paribhASAoM kA pAThakrama, sIradeva kI paribhASAvRtti ke samAna aSTAdhyAyI ke adhyAya-krama ke anusAra hai / aSTamAdhyAya ke anta meM atha prAyeNa nyAyamUlA paribhASA ucyante kaha kara sIradeva ke samAna hI nyAyamUlaka paribhASAeM par3hI haiN| isase isa paribhASAvRtti ke paryApta prAcIna hone kI saMbhAhai / isIlie hamane isakA yahAM nirdeza kiyA hai / 10 31e 8. nIlakaNTha vAjapeyI (saM0 1600 - 1675 vi0 ) nIlakaNTha vAjayeyI ne paribhASApATha para eka saMkSipta vRtti likhI hai / yaha vRtti TriveNDrama se prakAzita ho cukI hai / aba yaha pUnA se prakAzita 'paribhASAsaMgraha' meM bhI pRSTha 293 - 316 taka punaH prakAzita ho gaI hai| 15 paricaya - nIlakaNTha vAjapeyI ke deza kAla Adi kA paricaya hama isa grantha ke prathama bhAga pRSTha 441 - 442 ( ca0 saM0 ) para bhalI prakAra de cuke haiM / prata: isa saMbandha meM vahIM dekheM / isa paribhASAvRtti meM 130 paribhASAoM kA vyAkhyAna hai / usake 20 anantara 10 prakSipta aura nirmUla paribhASAoM kA nirdeza haiN| pRSTha 10 para- asmad gurucaraNakRta tattvabodhinI vyAkhyAne gUDhArtha - dIpakAlyAne prapaJcitam / ' pRSTha 16 para - bhASyatattvaviveke prapaJcitamasmAbhiH / pRSTha 26 para - vistaratu vaiyAkaraNasiddhAntarahasyAkhyA smatkRta- 25 1. paribhASA - saMgraha (pUnA) pRSTha 297 / 2. paribhASA-saMgraha (pUnA) pRSTha 266 /

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320 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa siddhAntakaumudIvyAkhyAne'nusandheyaH / pRSTha 26 para-prasmatkRtapANinIyadIpikAyAM spaSTam / ' nIlakaNTha-viracita ina granthoM kA yathAsthAna nirdeza hama prathama bhAga meM kara cuke haiN| 9. bhIma bhIma nAmaka vaiyAkaraNa dvArA likhita pabhiASAvRtti kA eka hastalekha jammU ke radhunAtha mandira ke pustakAlaya meM vidyamAna hai| isa vRtti kA nAma paribhASArthamaJjarI hai| dra0--jammU sUcIpatra pRSTha 42 / ____ bhImakRta paribhASArthamajjarI ke tIna hastalekha bhaNDArakara prAcyavidyA zodhapratiSThAna pUnA ke saMgraha meM haiN| dra0 vyAkaraNavibhAgIya sUcIpatra (san 1938) saMkhyA 315,316,317 (pRSTha 245-247 / isa ke saMkhyA 315 ke hastalekha ke anta meM pATha hai iti zrImadgalagalekaropanAmakamAdhavAcAryatanayabhImapraNItA pari15 bhASArthamaJjarI samAptA / saMvat 1852....... / bhIma ke pitA kA nAma mAdhavAcArya thaa| isakA 'madgalagalekara' upanAma thA / isa upanAma se vidita hotA hai ki granthakAra mahArASTra kA nivAsI thaa| isase adhika hama bhIma ke viSaya meM kucha nahIM jAnate / 20 10. vaidyanAtha zAstrI (saM0 1750 vi0 ke samIpa) vaidyanAtha viracita paribhASArthasaMgraha ke aneka hastalekha vibhinna pustakAlayoM meM surakSita haiN| paricaya-vaidyanAtha zAstrI ne svayaM paribhASArtha-saMgraha ke anta meM 1. paribhASA-saMgraha (pUnA) pRSTha 303 / 25 2. paribhASA-saMgraha (pUnA) pRSTha 304 /

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2/41 paribhASA-pATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 321 apane pitA kA nAma rattamiri dIkSita likhA hai|' paribhASArtha saMgraha ke prArambha ke dvitIya zloka meM mAtula rAmabhaMdra maqha ko namaskAra kiyA hai| rAmabhadra mana kA varNana vaidyanAtha zAstrI ne isa prakAra kiyA hai mUtiryasya hi pANiniH parasahAbhASyaprabandhA tathA vAkyAnAM kRdapi svayaM vitanute vAgyasya dAsyaM sadA / ziSyA yasya virodhivAdimakuTIkuTTAkavagdhATikAs (?) tasmai mAtularAmamakhine bhUyo namo me bhavet / ' isase spaSTa hai ki vaidyanAtha zAstrI rAmabhadra dIkSita kI bahina kA putra hai| rAmabhadra makhI kA pUrA vaMza citra prathama bhAga ke 464 pRSTha para dekheN| kAla-uparyukta vaMzakrama ke anusAra vaidyanAtha zAstrI kA kAla saM0 1750 vi0 ke lagabhaga honA cAhie / eka kaThinAI-'uNAdisUtroM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA' adhyAya meM hama likha cuke haiM ki mahAdeva vedAntI ne saM0 1750 vi0 meM viSNasahasranAma kI vyAkhyA likhI hai| mahAdeva vedAntI ke guru kA nAma 15 svayaMprakAzAnanda sarasvatI hai / isa svayaMprakAzAnanda ne vaidyanAtha zAstrI kRta paribhASAsaMgraha para candrikA nAmnI TIkA likhI hai| isa dRSTi se vaidyanAtha zAstrI kA kAla saM0 1750 vi0 se kucha pUrva -honA caahie| __ paribhASAvRtti-vaidyanAtha zAstrI kRta paribhASAvRtti hamane 20 sAkSAt nahIM dekhI / ataH isake viSaya meM AdhikArika rUpa se to kucha nahIM kaha sakate, tathApi isa vRtti kI antima puSpikA se jJAta 1. iti ratnagiridIkSitaputravaidyanAthazAstriNa: kRtiSu paribhASArthasaMgrahe prathamAdhyAyasya prathamaH pAdaH / aDiyAra kA hastalekha, saMkhyA 483 / 2. paDiyAra-hastalekha saMgraha, vyAkaraNavibhAgIya sUcIpatra, hastalekha saMkhyA 25 483 ke vivaraNa meM uddhRta paatth| 3. yahI bhAga, pRSTha 232 / 4. yahI bhAga, pRSTha 232 / 5. iti zrImadratnagiridIkSitaputravaidyanAthazAstriNaH kRtiSu paribhASArthasaMgraha nyAyamUlAH paribhASA: samAptAH / madrAsa dra-sUcIpatra bhAga 3 (vyAkaraNa vibhAga) san 1906, pRSTha 1017 / 30

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322 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa hotA hai ki yaha paribhASAvRtti sIradeva kI paribhASAvRtti ke anukUla hai| kyoMki donoM vattiyoM meM aSTAdhyAyI ke adhyAya' krama se paribhASAoM kA saMgraha hai, aura donoM meM nyAyamUlA paribhASAeM anta meM vyAkhyAta haiM / isa paribhASAvRtti ke paribhASArthasaMgraha nAma se dhvanita 5 hotA hai ki yaha sIradevIya bRhatparibhASAvRtti kA saMgraharUpa grantha hai| sIradevIya paribhASAvRtti ke ajJAttakartRka paribhASAvRtti-saMgraha kA ullekha hama pUrva pRSTha 318 para kara cuke haiN| vyAkhyAkAra 1-svayaMprakAzAnanda sarasvatI-vaidyanAtha zAstrI ke guru svayaM 10 prakAzAnanda sarasvatI ne isa paribhASArthasaMgraha para candrikA nAmnI eka vyAkhyA likhI hai / isake hastalekha madrAsa tathA tajaura ke pustakAlayoM meM vidyamAna haiN| paricaya-svayaMprakAzAnanda sarasvatI ke guru kA nAma avatAnanda sarasvatI hai| svayaMprakAzAnanda sarasvatI ke ziSya mahAdeva 15 vedAntI ne uNAdikoza para nijavinodA nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai| isakA varNana hama pUrva uNAdivyAkhyAkAra prakaraNa meM kara cuke haiN| kAla- mahAdeva vedAntI ne saM0 1750vi0 meM viSNusahasranAma kI vyAkhyA likhI thI / yaha hama uNAdi prakaraNa meM likha cuke haiN| ataH svayaMprakAzAnanda kA kAla bhI saM0 1710-1760 vi0 ke lagabhaga 20 mAnanA ucita hogaa| 2-appA dIkSita-appA dIkSita ne paribhASArthasaMgraha para sArabodhinI nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai| paricaya-appA dIkSita ne apanA paricaya nimna zabdoM meM diyA hai25 1. dra0 yahI bhAga -321 pRSTha kI Ti0 1 / 2. iti zrImataparahaMsaparivrAjakasarvatantrasvatantrazrImadatAnandasarasvatIcaragAravindabhRGgAyamANasya zrImatsvayaMprakAzAnandasya kRtI paribhASArthasaMgrahavyAkhyAyAM candrikAyAM prathamAdhyAyasya caturtha: pAda: / dra0-madrAsa sUcIpatra (pUrvanirdiSTa) pRSTha 1018 / 3. yahI bhAga, pRSTha 233 / 4. yahI bhAga, pRSTha 232 /

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paribhASA - pATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 'appayadIkSitavarAnvayasaMbhavena svAtmAvabodhaphalamAtrakRtazrameNa / pAbhidhena makhinA racitA samIyAt ... / ' 323 isase kevala itanA hI vidita hotA hai ki appA dIkSita kA janma appayadIkSita ke vaMza meM huA thA / appA dIkSita ne sUtraprakAza tathA pANini sUtraprakAza nAma se sarat kI eka vRtti likhI hai / usameM diye gaye paricaya ke anusAra pitA kA nAma dharmarAja veGkaTezvara aura pitAmaha kA nAma veMkaTa subrahmaNya likhA hai / zAbdika - cintAmaNi kA lekhaka gopAla kRSNa zAstrI isakA guru hai / gopAla kRSNa zAstrI kRta zAbdika - cintAmaNi kA ullekha prathama bhAga meM pRSTha 444 ( ca0 saM0) para kara cuke haiM / 10 donoM vyAkhyAkAroM ke viSaya meM hama isase adhika kucha nahIM jAnate / . eka prApAjI 'paribhASAbhAskara' ke lekhaka bhAskara athavA hari - 15 bhAskara ke pitA haiM / yaha kAzyapagotrIya haiM / appaya dIkSita bhAradvAja - gotrIya the / ataH yaha ApAjI sArabodhinI kA lekhaka nahIM ho sakatA / dUsare zrappA sudhI haiN| inhoMne paribhASAratna nAmnI paribhASAvRtti kI racanA ko tho| ye bhI anya vyakti pratIta hote haiM / ina donoM paribhASAvRttiyoM kA varNana anupada hI kiyA jaaegaa| 20 11. hari bhAskara agnihotrI bhAskara aparanAma haribhAskara agnihotrI ne paribhASApATha para paribhASAbhAskara nAmnI eka vyAkhyA likho hai / isake do hastalekha madrAsa rAjakIya pustakAlaya meM vidyamAna haiN| jammU ke raghunAtha mandira ke pustakAlaya meM bhI isakA eka hastalekha surakSita hai| usake sUcIpatra 25 1. DiyAra sUcIpatra, vyAkaraNa vibhAga, grantha saMkhyA 464 / 2. isa sUtra vRtti kA varNana bhraSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra, nAmaka adhyAya meM prathama bhAga meM dekheM /

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5 zrAdi meM - zrIgurUn pitarau natvA'gnihotrI bhAskarAbhidhaH / bhAskaraM paribhASANAM tanute bAlabuddhaye ||2|| anta meM - kAzIkSetravAsI hutakaThinatarArAtiSaDvargadambhaH / zrImAnApAjibhaTTaH surayajanatatparaH zuddhadhIrAvirAsIt // iti kAzyapAnvayasaMbhavAgnihotrikulatilakAyamAnaharibhaTTasUnuzrImadbhApAjibhaTTasUnunA' bhAskaraviracitaH paribhASA - bhAskaraH samA10 ptimagAt / 15 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 324 meM granthakartA kA nAma haribhAskara likhA hai / " paricaya - bhAskara ne paribhASAbhAskara meM apanA paricaya isa prakAra diyA hai 20 bhaNDArakara prAcyavidyA zodha pratiSThAna meM bhI isa vyAkhyA ke tIna hastalekha haiM / dra0 vyAkaraNa vibhAgIya sUcIpatra ( san 1938 ) saMkhyA 301, 302, 303 ( pRSTha 234 - 236) / inake anta meM nimna pATha hai iti zrImadagnihota vaMzAvataMsahari bhaTTAtmajApAjibhaTTasutAparAmidhAna haribhAskara kRtaH paribhASA bhAskaraH samAptimagAt / ina nirdezoM ke anusAra bhAskara ke pitA kA nAma prApAji, pitAmaha kA nAma haribhaTTa aura haribhaTTa ke pitA kA nAma uttamabhaTTa thA / isakA gotra kazyapa thA, aura yaha agnihotrI kula kA thA / 1. jammU ke sUcIpatra pRSTha 42 para haribhAskara ke pitA kA nAma 'AyAji' chapA hai / sambhavataH yaha 'zrApAji' kA bhraSTa pATha ho / 2. haribhAskarakRta: paribhASAbhAskara --~ .......... / pAThAntara pUnA saM0 pRSTha 374 / 25 3. madrAsa rAjakIya pustakAlaya sUcIpatra. bhAga 2, khaNDa 1 C, pRSTha 2425, saMkhyA 1713 / tathA bhaNDArakara prAcyavidyA zodha pratiSThAna pUnA, vyAkaraNa vibhAgIya sUcIpatra (1938), saMkhyA 303 653 / 1883-84 / 4. dra0 - taJjIra pustakAlaya ke sUcIpatra, bhAga 10, grantha saMkhyA 5717 kA vivaraNa /

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paribhASA-pATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 325 prApAjibhaTTa kAzI nivAsI the| kAzInAtha abhyaGkara ne haribhAskara agnihotrI kA kAla san 1677 ke lagabhaga mAnA hai| ___ haribhAskara ke eka ajJAtanAmA ziSya ne laghuparibhASAvRtti likhI hai| ___ isase adhika hama isa granthakAra ke viSaya meM kucha nahIM jaante| 5 haribhAskara kRta paribhASAbhAskara pUnA se prakAzita paribhASAsaMgraha meM chapa cukA hai| 12. haribhAskara agnihotrI kA ziSya haribhAskara agnihotrI ke kisI ajJAtanAma ziSya ne laghuparibhASAvRtti nAmnI vRtti likhI hai / isa granthakAra kA nAma ajJAta hai| 10 isakA eka hastalekha landana ke iNDiyA Aphisa ke pustakAlaya meM vidyamAna hai / (dra0-sUcIpatra bhAga 1, khaNDa 2, saMkhyA 673) / sambhavataH isI vRtti kA eka hastalekha bhaNDArakara prAcyavidyA zodhapratiSThAna pUnA ke saMgraha meM hai / dra0 sUcIpatra vyAkaraNazAstrIya (san 1938) saMkhyA 304, pRSTha 237 / hastalekha ke anta meM nimna 15 lekha hai 'iti bhAskarabhaTTAgnihotrikulatilakAyamAnAntevAsinA nirmitA laghuparibhASAvRttiragAccaramavarNadhvaMsam / ' isase adhika hama isake viSaya meM kucha nahIM jaante| --- 13. dharmasUri dharmasUri ne paribhASIrthaprakAzikA nAma se paribhASA pATha kI eka vyAkhyA likhI hai / isakA eka hastalekha aDiyAra ke granthasaMgraha meM vidyamAna hai / dra0 sUcIpatra, vyAkaraNa vibhAga, granyAMka 481 / isa vRtti ke anta meM nimna pATha upalabdha hotA hai'iti panvillAnvayavAyadugdhapAyonidhizaratprakAzaniSizAbdika- 25 cakravatipadmanAbhaMtanayena dharmasUriNA viracitA paribhASArthaprakAzikA smiiptaa|

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326 saMskRta-vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa guru-isake prathama zloka ke anusAra dharmasUri ke guru kA nAma upendrapAda yati hai| kAla-isakA kAla ajJAta hai, parantu sUcIpatra ke anusAra jina granthakAroM ke nAma uddhRta haiM unameM praur3ha-manoramA kI zabdaratna vyAkhyA ke racayitA haridIkSita kA nAma bhI hai| ataH isakI racanA dikrama kI 18 vIM zatI meM huI hogii| - - 14. appA sudhI paribhASApATha para appA sudhI viracita paribhASAratna nAmaka grantha aDiyAra ke pustaka-saMgraha meM vidyamAna hai / isakI saMkhyA 480 10 hai (vyaakrnnvibhaag)| yaha paribhaSAratna zlokabaddha hai| isake anta meM nimna lekha hai 'iti paribhASAratne zlokAH (193), paJcAdhikaviMzatiprayuktazataM 125 paribhASA gRhiitaa| ___ isa appA sudhI ke deza kAla Adi ke viSaya meM hameM kucha bhI jJAla 15 nahIM hai| 15. udayaMkara bhaTTa udayaGkara bhaTTa viracita paribhASApradIpAci kA eka hastalekha kAzI ke sarasvatI bhavana ke saMgraha meM, aura dUsarA aDiyAra ke hasta lekha saMgraha meM vidyamAna hai / draSTavya-kAzI kA purAnA sUcIpatra,saMgraha 20 saM0 13, veSTana saMkhyA 13, tathA aDiyAra saMgraha kA vyAkaraNavibhAga kA sUcIpatra saMkhyA 476 / aDiyAra ke hastalekha keAdi meM--kRtvA pANinisUtrANAM mitavRttyarthasaMgraham / paribhASApradIpAcistatropAyo nirUpyate / / anta meM paribhASApradIpAciSyudayaMkaradazite / prathamo vyAkRto'dhyAyaH saMgataH saMyataH satAm // ye zloka upalabdha hote haiM / ina se itanA hI vidita hotA hai ki

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paribhASA-pATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 327 udayaMkara ne pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI para bhI mitavRttyartha-saMgraha grantha . likhA hai| jammU ke pustakAlaya meM udayana viracita mitavRttyartha-saMgraha nAmaka eka grantha vidyamAna hai / vaha bhI aSTAdhyAyI kI vyAkhyA rUpa hai|' usake prArambha meM likhA hai 'munitrayamataM jJAtvA vRttIrAlokya ytntH| karotyudayanaH sAdhu mitavRttyarthasaMgraham / / ' yahAM donoM granthoM ke nAma samAna haiM, parantu granthakAra ke nAmoM meM kucha samAnatA hote hue bhI vaiSamya hai / hamArA vicAra hai ki samAna nAmavAlI pANinIya sUtravRtti ke kartA ye donoM bhinna-bhinna granthakAra 10 haiM / paribhASAvRttiyoM meM bhI paribhASAbhAskara eka aisA nAma milatA hai, jisake kartA vibhinna vyakti haiM / haribhAskara agnihotrI viracita paribhASAbhAskara kA pahale varNana kara cuke haiM / zeSAdri viracita kA Age ullekha kreNge| eka udayaGkara pAThaka ne lagabhaga saM0 1850 vi0 meM laghuzabdendu- 15 zekhara kI TIkA likhI thii| yadi yahI udayaGkara pAThaka udayaGkara bhaTTa ho, to isakA kAla nAgeza se paravartI hogaa| isase adhika isa vRtti ke viSaya meM hameM kucha jJAta nahIM hai / uparinirdiSTa paribhASA-vRttiyAM prAyaH sIradevIya paribhASApATha . ke sadRza aSTAdhyAyI krama se saMgRhIta paribhASApATha para likhI gaI 20 haiM / yaha inake antima pAThoM se prAya: vyakta hai| aba hama una paribhASAvRttiyoM kA varNana karate haiN| jo paribhASA ke pUrva nirdiSTa paJcama pATha para likhI gaI haiM-- 16. nAgezabhaTTa (saM0 1730-1810 vi0) nAgeza bhaTTa viracita paribhASenduzekhara grantha sarvatra prasiddha hai| 25 1. isake lie dekhie--isI grantha kA prathama bhAga, pRSTha 548 (ca0 sN0)| 2. jammU sUcIpatra, pRSTha 261 / /

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328 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa samprati paribhASA ke jJAna ke lie yahI grantha paThana-pAThana meM vyavahRta hotA hai| paricaya-nAgeza bhaTTa kA vistRta paricaya hama isa granya ke prathama bhAga, pRSTha 467-469 (ca0saM0) para likha cuke haiM / pAThaka vahIM dekheN| nAgeza ne paribhASenduzekhara kI racanA maJjUSA aura zabdenduzekhara ke anantara kI hai| zabdenduzekhara kA nirdeza paribhASA 16,33,114 tathA maJjUSA kA nirdeza paribhASA 43,84 kI vyAkhyA meM milatA hai| __ paribhASenduzekhara meM vyAkhyAta paribhASAoM kA krama lakSyasiddhi ke anusAra hai, yaha hama pUrva kaha cuke haiM / yaha krama nAgeza bhaTTa ke dvArA 10 sampanna kiyA gayA, athavA usase pUrvavartI kisI vaiyAkaraNa ne taiyAra kiyA, yaha ajJAta hai| TIkAkAra paribhASenduzekhara para kaI lekhakoM ne TokAe likhI haiN| unameM se katipaya prAcIna TIkAeM isa prakAra haiM vaidyanAtha pAyaguNDa-gadA zivarAma (1850)-lakSmIvilAsa vizvanAthabhaTTa-candrikA brahmAnanda sarasvatI-citprabhA rAghavendrAcArya-tripathagA veGkaTezaputra-tripathagA bhairavamizra-bhairavI zeSazarmA-sarvamaMgalA zaMkarabhaTTa-zaMkarI inameM se vaidyanAtha pAyaguNDa kRta chAyA nAmnI pradIpodyota vyAkhyA 25 tathA prabhA nAmnI zabdakaustubha TIkA, aura rAghavendrAcAryakRta prabhA nAmnI zabdakaustubha TokA kA varNana hama prathama bhAga meM yathAsthAna para cuke haiN| inake atirikta anya bhI kucha TIkAeM prAcIna tathA navIna lekhakoM kI upalabdha hotI haiN|

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2/42 paribhASA-pATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 329 17. zeSAdri sudhI zeSAdri sudhI nAmaka vaiyAkaraNa ne paribhASAbhAskara nAmnI paribhASAvRtti likhI hai| ise kRSNamAcArya ne san 1902 meM prakAzita kiyA hai / granthakAra ne isameM apanA kucha bhI paricaya nahIM diyaa| ma0 ma0 kAzInAtha abhyaGkara ne 'paribhASA saMgraha' meM ise pRSTha 378- 5 465 taka chapavAyA hai| zeSAdri ne isa vyAkhyA meM sthAna-sthAna para nAgeza bhaTTa kRta paribhASenduzekhara kA nAma-nirdeza ke vinA khaNDana kiyA hai / yathA paribhASA 23 kI vyAkhyA meM yattu navyoktam-vizeSyAntarAsattve zabdarUpaM vizeSyamAdAya yena vidhisUtreNa tadantavidhiH siddha iti, 10 tadayuktam / ' yaha navyokta vacana zabdavaparItya se paribhASenduzekhara meM 23 vIM' paribhASA kI vyAkhyA meM upalabdha hotA hai| isI prakAra paribhASA-bhAskara paribhASA 88 meM-etena namaHzabdasya kiyA vAcitvam, iyaM ca vAcanikyeva ityAdi navyoktamapAstama 15 yaha navyokta mata paribhASenduzekhara paribhASA 103deg meM nirdiSTa hai| yadi zeSAdikRta paribhASA-bhAskara kA adhyayana kiyA jAye to spaSTa pratIta hotA hai ki lekhaka ne yaha grantha paribhASenduzekhara ke khaNDana ke liye hI racA hai| zeSAdri sudhI kA deza kAla ajJAta hai| hAM, isake paribhASA- 20 bhAskara meM paribhASenduzekhara kA khaNDana hone se spaSTa hai ki zeSAdri sudhI nAgezabhaTTa se uttaravartI hai| .. 18. rAmaprasAda dvivedI (saM0 1973 vi0 ) rAmaprasAda dvivedI nAmaka vyakti ne sArthaparibhASApATha nAma se 1. ma0 ma0 abhyaGkara jI ne isa pATha para paribhASenduzekhara kI paribhASA 25 kI saMkhyA nahIM dI hai| 2. isa para abhyaGgara jI ne (pa0 bhA0 ze0 94) nirdeza kiyA hai / dra0 paribhASA saMgraha, pRSTha 451 /

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330 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa svakRta paribhASA kI laghuvRtti prakAzita kI hai| yaha kAzI se saM0 1973 meM chapI hai / isameM pahilI 127 paribhASAeM paribhASenduzekhara ke anusAra haiN|' anta meM 25 paribhASAeM aisI vyAkhyAta haiM, jo paribhASenduzekhara meM nahIM haiN| 19. govindAcArya govindAcArya nAmaka kisI vaiyAkaraNa dvArA viracita paribhASArthapradIpa saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI ke sarasvatI bhavana ke saMgraha meM vidyamAna hai / hamane ise san 1934 meM dekhA thaa| usa samaya yaha saMgraha saMkhyA 13 veSTana saMkhyA 6 meM rakhA huA thaa| __aba hama ajJAtanAmA lekhakoM dvArA viracita paribhASAvRttiyoM kA ullekha kreNge| 20. paribhASAvitikAra 21. paribhASAvivRtti-vyAkhyAkAra (saM01866 vi0) paribhASAvivRtti grantha ke lekhaka kA nAma ajJAta hai, aura yaha 15 grantha bhI hamAre dekhane meM nahIM aayaa| parantu goNDala ke rasazAlA auSadhAzrama. ke hastalekha saMgraha meM isakI vyAkhyA kA eka hastalekha vidyamAna hai| dra0-vyAkaraNavibhAga saMkhyA 34 / isa paribhASAvivativyAkhyA ke lekhaka kA nAma bhI ajJAta hai| granthakAra ne prArambha meM jo paricaya diyA hai, tadanusAra usake 20 pitA kA nAma bhavadeva, aura mAtA kA nAma sItA thaa|' isa hastalekha ke anta meM saM0 1866 nirdiSTa hai| isase itanA vyakta hai ki isakA kAla saM0 1866 vi0 athavA usase pUrvavartI hai| 1. iti pribhaassaassendushekhrpaatthH| 2. natvA tAtaM guru devaM bhavadevAbhighaM vibhum / yadyazobhirvalitAH kakubho jananI parAm // sItAM pativratAM devIM bharadvAjakulodvahAm / * vivRteH paribhASANAM vyAkhyAM kurve yathAmati /

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paribhASA-pATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 331 isa vyAkhyA meM paribhASenduzekhara ke virodhoM kA bahudhA parihAra upalabdha hotA hai| 22-23 paribhASAvRttikAra aDiyAra ke hastalekha-saMgraha ke sUcIpatra 'vyAkaraNa vibhAga' meM saMkhyA 465,466 para pANinIya paribhASA kI do vRttiyoM kA ullekha 5 milatA hai / donoM ke hI lekhakoM kA nAma ajJAta hai| inameM saMkhyA 495 kI zloka-baddha vRtti hai, aura saMkhyA 466 kI gadyarUpa / isa prakAra pANinIya sampradAya se sambaddha jJAta paribhASAvyAkhyAtAoM kA varNana karake aba arvAcIna vyAkaraNa se sambaddha paribhASA- 10 pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtAoM kA varNana karate haiM 4-kAtantrIya paribhASA-pravaktA - kAtantra vyAkaraNa se sambaddha jo paribhASApATha samprati upalabdha hotA hai, vaha aneka prakAra kA hai| paribhASAsaMgraha meM paM0 kAzInAtha abhyaGkara ne cAra prakAra kA pATha prakAzita kiyA hai| do pATha vRtti sahita haiM, aura do mUlamAtra / inameM antima pATha kAlApa paribhASAsUtra ke nAma se chapA hai| kalApa kAtantra kA hI nAmAntara hai, yaha hama prathamabhAga meM kAtantra prakaraNa meM likha cuke haiN| ___ ina pAThoM meM prathama durgasiMha ke vRttiyukta pATha meM 65 paribhASAeM haiM, dvitIya bhAvamizrakRta vRtti meM 62, tRtIya kAtantra paribhASAsUtra meM 67 paribhASAsUtra aura 26 balAbala sUtra-96 sUtra, aura caturtha kAlApa paribhASA sUtra 118 paribhASAe haiN| pravaktA-kAtantra paribhASApATha kA Adi pravaktA athavA saMgrahItA kauna vyakti hai, yaha kahanA atyanta kaThina hai| durgasiMhakRta vRtti ke prArambha meM likhA hai 'tatra sUtrakArayoH zarvavarmakAtyAyanayoH sUtrANAM catuHzatyAM paJcA 25

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332 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa zadadhikAyAM' paribhASA noktAH / atha ca vRttiTokayostatra tatra prayuktAH kAryeSu dRzyante / atastAsAM yuktitaH saMsiddhirucyate / paribhASA-saMgraha pRSTha 46 / ___arthAt-sUtrakAra zarvavarmA aura kAtyAyana ne 450 sUtroM' meM 5 paribhASAeM nahIM par3hIM, parantu vRtti aura TIkA meM jahAM-tahAM kAryoM meM prayukta dekhI jAtI haiM / isalie unakI yukti se saMsiddhi kahate haiN| isa lekha se itanA spaSTa hai ki inakA pravaktA zarvavarmA athavA kAtyAyana nahIM hai / vRtti aura TIkAkAroM ne pUrva vyAkaraNa-granthoM ke anusAra inakA jahAM-tahAM prayoga kiyA thaa| use dekhakara kisI 10 kAtantra anuyAyI ne pUrvataH vidyamAna paribhASAyoM ko apane zabdAnu zAsana ke anukUla rUpa dekara grathita kara diyaa| yathA haima zabdAnazAsana se saMbaddha paribhASAoM ko hemahaMsagaNi ne grathita kiyA hai / ___ yaha granthanakArya mudrita vRtti ke kartA durgAsiMha se pUrva hI sampanna ho gayA thA, aisA usakI vRtti se dyotita hotA hai / vaha likhatA hai15 va-kecida 'do'ddharma' (kA0 2 / 3 / 31) iti vacanaM jJApakaM manyA nte iti / paribhASAsaMgraha, pRSTha 61 / kha-kazcidatra 'na varNAzraye pratyayalopalakSaNam' iti paThati / paribhASAsaMgraha, pRSTha 64 / ___ina donoM meM durgAsiMha apane se pUrva vRttikAroM ko smaraNa karatA 20 hai / prathamapATha meM pUrvavRttikAra dvArA nirdiSTa jJApakasUtra kA ullekha hai| dUsare meM paribhASA ke pAThabheda kA ullekha kiyA hai| ataH spaSTa hai ki isa vRttikAra durga se pUrva na kevala kAtantra-sambaddha paribhASApATha hI vyavasthita ho cukA thA, apitu usa para kaI vyAkhyAe meM likhI jA cukI thiiN| vRttikAra 1. ajJAtanAmA (durgasiMha se pUrvavartI) durgasiMha kI vRtti ke jo do pATha Upara uddhRta kiye haiM, unameM 1. yahAM pATha meM kucha bhraMza huA hai| kAtantra meM kevala 450 hI sUtra

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paribhASA-pATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 333 prathama pATha se yaha tathya sarvathA spaSTa hai ki isa durgasiMha se pUrva kAtantra paribhASA-pATha para koI vatti likhI jA cukI thii| usI kI ora saMketa karake durgasiMha likha rahA hai ki koI vyAkhyAkAra antyAbhAve........"isa paribhASA kA jJApana 'do'ddharmaH' (kA0 2 / 3 / 31). sUtra se mAnatA hai| - isa ajJAtanAma vRttikAra tathA usakI vyAkhyA ke viSaya meM isase adhika koI saMketa nahIM miltaa| 2. durgasiMha (saM0 673-700 vi0) kAtantra paribhASA para durgasiMha kI vRtti paM0 kAzInAtha abhyaGkara paribhASAsaMgraha meM prakAzita kara rahe haiM / isa vRtti ke jo hastalekha 10 unheM mile haiM, unameM se B. saMketita meM hI iti durgasiMhoktA paribhASAvRttiH samAptA pATha upalabdha hotA hai| isakA eka hastalekha landana ke iNDiyA Aphisa ke pustakAlaya meM bhI vidyamAna hai (dra0-sUcIpatra. bhAga 1, khaNDa 2 saM0772) / usake anta meM bhI durgasiMhoktA pATha hai / ataH yaha vRtti durgasiMha kRta hai, yaha spaSTa hai| kaunasA durgasiMha ?-kAtantra sampradAya meM durgasiMha nAma ke do vyAkhyAkAra prasiddha haiM / eka vRttikAra, dUsarA vRttittiikaakaar| ina donoM meM se kisa durgasiMha ne yaha paribhASAvRtti likhI, yaha vicAraNIya hai| ___ durgasiMha kI isa paribhASAvRtti meM 12 vIM, paribhASA kI vRtti 20 meM bhaTTi kAvya 18041 kA zloka udghata hai / ataH yaha spaSTa hai ki yaha durga bhaTTikAra se paravartI hai| bhaTri kAvya kI racanA valabhI ke zrIdharasena rAjA ke kAla meM huI thii| zrIdharasena nAmaka cAra rAjAoM kA kAla saM0557-707 vi0 taka mAnA jAtA hai| bhaTTi kAvya kI racanA sambhavataH prathama zrIdharasena ke kAla (saM0 557) meM huI, aisA. 25 Age likheMge / hamAre vicAra meM isa vRtti kA lekhaka vRttikAra prathama durgasiMha hai, jipakA kAla saM0 673-700 vi0 ke madhya hai| ma0 ma0 nahIM haiM / sambhavataH yahAM mUla pATha 'caturdazazatyAM' ho / do zakAroM ke ekatra lekha se yaha pAThabhraMza humA pratIta hotA hai| 15.

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334 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kAzonAtha abhyaGkara ne isa vRtti kA kAla 6 vIM zatI I0 likhA hai| tadanusAra yaha durgasiMha kAtantra vRtti kA TIkAkAra honA caahiye| parantu liGgAnuzAsana kA pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA bhI prathama durgasiMha hai, yaha hama 'liGgAnuzAsana ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA' prakaraNa meM 5 likha cuke haiN| ataH hamAre vicArAnusAra vRttikAra durgasiMha honA caahiye| TokAkAra-madana madana nAma ke kisI vyakti ne durgasiMha kI vRtti para TIkA likho - hai| vaha likhatA hai zrImatA madaneneyaM kaatntraambujbhaasvtaa| . bodhAya paribhASANAM vRttau TIkA viracyate // ' isane bhAvamizra vyAkhyAta 62 paribhASAyoM kI carcA kI hai ataH sambhava hai yaha TIkAkAra bhAvamizra se uttara kAlIna hove| isase adhika hama isake viSaya meM nahIM jAnate / 15 3. kavIndu jayadeva kavIndu jayadeva ne bhI kAtantrIya paribhASApATha kI vyAkhyA likhI hai / isakA hastalekha bhuvanezvara meM hai / usane yaha grantha pratApa rudra nagara kI yAtrA ke prasaGga meM likhA thii| vaha grantha ke anta meM likhatA hai pratApa rudrIyapUraM gacchatA kaaryhetve| . kavIndujayadevena paribhASAH samApitAH // ' kavIndu jayadeva kA kAla ajJAta hai| isane 55 paribhASAnoM para hI vyAkhyA likhI hai / ataH yaha bhAva mizra se prAcIna hai aisA hamArA vicAra hai| 4. bhAvamizra bhAvamizra kRta kAtantra-paribhASAvRtti paribhASA-saMgraha meM prakA 1. kAtantra vyAkaraNa vimarza, pRSTha 196 / 2. kAtantra vyAkaraNaH vimarza, pRSTha 195 /

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paribhASA-pATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 335 zita huI hai| bhAvamizra ne apanA koI paricaya isa vRtti meM nahIM diyaa| bhAvamizra ne vRtti ke prArambha meM prakIrNakAra vidyAnanda nAmaka kisI kAtantrIya vaiyAkaraNa kA ullekha kiyA hai-prakIrNake vidyAnandena kArikayoktam ... paribhASA saMgraha, pRSTha 67 / yadi prakIrNa se.kAtantrottara kA abhiprAya hove to yaha vidyAnanda 5 . vijayAnanda jisakA dUsarA nAma vidyAnanda bhI hai, vaha ho sakatA hai| yaha kalpanAmAtra hai| 5. mAdhavadAsa kavicandra bhiSak kisI mAdhavadAsa kavicandrabhiSaka ne kAtantrIya paribhASAnoM para . eka vRtti likhI thii| isakA nirdeza kavikaNThahAra ne 'carkarItarahasya' 10 ke dvitIya zloka meM isa prakAra kiyA hai paribhASATIkAyAM mAdhavadAsa kavicandra bhiSajA yat / ' isake .. kAlAdi ke sambandha meM bhI hama nahIM jaante| kAtantra paribhASAoM ke vyAkhyAkAroM ke viSaya meM isase adhika hama kucha nahIM jaante| 5. candragomI (1000 vi0 pUrva) candragomI prokta paribhASApATha paM0 kAzInAtha abhyaGkara ne paribhASAsaMgraha meM prakAzita kiyA hai / isa pATha meM 3 paribhASAeM haiN| candragomI ke kAla Adi ke viSaya meM hama prathama bhAga (pRSTha 368-371, ca0 saM0) meM likha cuke haiN| pravaktA-isa paribhASApATha kA pravaktA candragomI hI hai, anya koI cAndra sampradAya kA vaiyAkaraNa nahIM hai| yaha isa paribhASApATha kI 86 vIM paribhASA-svaravidhI vyaJjanamavidyamAnavata se spaSTa hai / kyoMki cAndra vyAkaraNa ke viSaya meM vaiyAkaraNoM meM cirakAla se yaha pravAda dRDhamUla hai ki cAndra-vyAkaraNa kevala laukika bhASA kA 25 vyAkaraNa hai| isameM svara vaidika prakaraNa nahIM thaa| hamane isa grantha ke 1. kAtantra vyAkaraNa vimarza, pRSTha 44,45 / 1.kAtana yA am80 . .

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336 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa prathama bhAga meM prathama vAra yaha pramANita kiyA hai ki cAndra vyAkaraNa meM svara prakaraNa thA / isakI puSTi meM hamane cAndravRtti se sAta pramANa uddhata kie haiN| chaThe pramANa se spaSTa vyakta hotA hai ki svara-prakaraNa cAndra-vyAkaraNa ke AThaveM adhyAya meM thA / isa samaya isake cha: adhyAya 5 hI upalabdha haiM / ataH yadi ye paribhASAsUtra svayaM candragomI ke na hokara kisI uttaravartI vaiyAkaraNa ke hote, to cAndra-vyAkaraNa kI svarasaMvandhI aprasiddhi ke kAraNa svarazAstra se saMbandha rakhanevAlI 86 vIM paribhASA kA nirdeza isa paribhASA meM na miltaa| ____ isa paribhASApATha para koI vRtti upalabdha vA jJAta nahIM hai / ___6-jainendra saMbaddha devanandI prokta zabdAnuzAsana se saMbaddha jainendra-paribhASA kA na koI svatantrapATha upalabdha hai, aura na koI vRttigrantha / hAM, abhayanandI viracita mahAvRtti meM aneka paribhASAeM yatra-tatra udadhRta haiM / pari. bhASAsaMgraha ke sampAdaka paM0 kAzonAtha abhyaGkara ne likhA hai 'granthaM nAgezabhaTTAnAM paribhASenduzekharam / sampAdayitukAmena nAnAvyAkaraNasthitAH // 1 // vRttayaH paribhASANAM tathA pAThA vilokitAH / tAsAM ca saMgrahaM kurvan jainendre nopalabdhavAn // 2 // pAThaM paribhASANAM vRti vA saMgrahaM tthaa| kAzcittatra mayA dRSTA vRttAvabhayanandinAm // 3 // upayuktAstatra tatra suutraarthprtipaadne| tAsAM tu saMgrahaM kRtvA'lekhi pAThaH savRttikaH // 4 // khadigdigbhU (1880) mite zAke vatsare racito myaa| mAghe kRSNe puNyapuryAM prArabdhaH pratipattithau // 5 // dazamyAM susamApto'yaM granthaH pratyarpito mayA / gurubhyaH khyAtanAmabhya: praNatipratipUrvakam // 6 // ' 1. dra0-saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa bhAga 1,17 veM adhyAya meM cAndra vyAkaraNa prakaraNa .

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2443 paribhASA-pATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 337 isase spaSTa hai ki paM0 kAzInAtha abhyaGkara ne mahAvRtti Adi meM uddhRta jainendra tantra-saMbaddha paribhASAoM ko saMgRhIta karake una para zaka 1680 (saM0 2015) meM vRtti likhI hai| isa paribhASA pATha kA mUla pravaktA kauna thA, yaha ajJAta hai| 7-zAkaTAyana tantra-saMbaddha pAlyakIti viracita zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa se saMbaddha eka paribhASApATha kA prakAzana bhI paM0 kAzInAtha abhyaMkara ne paribhASAsaMgraha meM kiyA hai / isake lie unhoMne do hastalekha varte haiN| isa paribhASApATha kA eka hastalekha landana ke iNDiyA Aphisa ke saMgraha meM bhI haiN| dra0-sUcI0 bhAga 1, khaNDa 2, saM0 5035 / pravaktA-isa paribhASApATha kA pravaktA pAlyakIrti hI hai, kyoMki usakI amoghA vRtti meM ye paribhASAeM bahutra uddhRta haiN| vizeSa vicAraNIya-isa paribhASApATha kI 37 vIM paribhASA hai-svaravidhau vyaJjanamavidyamAnavat / yaha paribhASA paM0 abhyaGkara dvArA samAsAdita donoM hastalekhoM meM hai| pAlyakIti ne apane vyA- 15 karaNa meM svara-zAstra kA vidhAna hI nahIM kiyaa| vidhAna karanA to dUra rahA, usane pANini dvArA svaravizeSa ke jJApana ke lie vibhinna anubandhoM se yukta pratyayoM kA ekIkaraNa karake apane svaranarapekSya ko sthAna-sthAna para dhotita kiyA hai / aisI avasthA meM usake paribhASApATha meM svaraviSayaka paribhASA kA honA eka Azcaryajanaka ghaTanA hai| 20 - vyAkhyA-isa paribhASApATha para koI vyAkhyA grantha upalabdha nahIM hotaa| --- 4-zrIbhojadeva (saM0 1075-1110 vi0) zrIbhojadeva ne svIya vyAkaraNa se saMbaddha paribhASApATha ko gaNapATha aura uNAdipATha ke samAna hI zabdAnuzAsana meM par3he diyA hai| yaha sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa meM 112 / 18 se 135 taka paThita hai|

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338 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa vyAkhyAkAra isa paribhASApATha ke ve hI vyAkhyAkAra haiM, jo sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa ke haiN| bhoja aura sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa ke vyAkhyAkAroM kA nirdeza hama 5 prathama bhAga meM 17veM adhyAya meM kara cuke haiN| paribhASAsaMgraha ke sampAdaka paM0 kAzInAtha abhyaGkara ne bhojIya paribhASAsUtroM ko paribhASAsaMgraha meM prakAzita kiyA hai| 9-hemacandrAcArya (saM0 1145-1229 vi0) AcArya hemacandra ne apane zabdAnuzAsana se saMbaddha paribhASApATha 10 kA nirdhAraNa kiyA thaa| vaha atyanta saMkSipta thaa| isameM pratyupa. yogI kevala 57 paribhASAeM hI paThita haiN| haima vyAkaraNa meM paribhASAeM nyAyasUtra nAma se vyavahRta hotI haiN| __ haima-nyAyoM ke vyAkhyAtA hemahaMsagaNi ne apane mUla nyAyasaMgraha meM 57 nyAyoM ke nirdeza ke anantara likhA hai15 ete nyAyA: prabhuzrIhemacandrAcAyaH svopajJasaMskRtazabdAnuzAsana bRhadvRttiprAnte' smuccitaaH| nyAyasaMgraha pRSTha 3 / nyAyasamuccaya ke arvAcIna vyAkhyAtA vijayalAvaNya sUri kRta vyAkhyA ke prArambha meM [ ] koSThaka meM likhA hai samarthaH padavidhiH 7 / 4 / 122 iti sUtrasya bRhadvRttiprAnte hema20 candrasUribhagavadbhiraktAH / siddhahemazabdAnuzAsana, bhAga 2, ke antargata nyAyasamuccaya pRSTha 1 / ina avataraNoM se spaSTa hai ki hemacandrAcArya prokta 57 hI paribhASAeM athavA nyAya haiN| 1. prAnte' kA artha hai 'srvaante'| arthAt bRhadvani ke pUrNa hone ke 25 anntr|

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paribhASA-pATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 336 paricaya-prAcArya hemacandra kA paricaya isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM 'prAcArya pANini se arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNa' nAmaka 17 veM adhyAya meM likha cuke haiN| paribhASApATha kA pUraka-hemahaMsagaNi (saM0 1515 vi0) haima vyAkaraNa se sambaddha 57 paribhASAoM ke atirikta jo 5 paribhASAeM upalabdha hotI haiM, unakA saMgraha hemahaMsagaNi ne kiyA hai| vaha nyAyasaMgraha meM pUrvanirdiSTa 57 haima paribhASAoM ke anantara likhatA hai-tairsmuuccitaastvete| isa prakAra hemahaMsagaNi ne 84 anya paribhASAnoM kA saMgraha kiyA hai| ina 84 paribhASAoM ke bhI do bhAga haiN| pahalI 65 paribhASAeM vyApaka aura jJApakAdi se yukta 1. haiM / ina se Age jo 16 paribhASAeM haiM, una meM kucha avyApaka hai, aura prAya sabhI jJApakarahita haiM / ina 16 paribhASAoM ke bhI do bhAga haiN| pahalI 18 paribhASAeM aisI haiM, jina para alpa vyAkhyA kI hI pAvazyakatA hai| antima eka paribhASA aisI hai, jisa para vistRta vyAkhyo ko apekSA hai / hemahaMsagaNi ke zabda isa prakAra haiM 'ityete paJcaSaSTiH, pUrveH (57) saha dvAvizaM zataM nyAyA vyApakA jJApakAdiyutAzca / ' nyAyasaMgraha pRSTha 5 / 'prataH paraM tu vakSyante te kecidavyApakAH prAyaH sarve jJApakAdirahitAzca / ' nyAyasaMgraha pRSTha 5 / 'ete aSTAdaza nyAyAH "stokastokavaktavyAH / ' nyAyasaMgraha pRSTha 6 / 20 'ekastvayaM bahuvaktavyaH / ' nyAyasaMgraha pRSTha 6 / . paricaya-hemahaMsagaNi ne svopajJa nyAyArthamaJjUSA nAmnI bRhadvatti meM apanA jo paricaya diyA hai, tadanusAra zrI somasundara sUri hemahaMsagaNi ke dIkSAguru the| aura zrI munisundara sUri, zrIjayacandra sUri, zrI ratnazekhara sUri tathA zrI cAritraratnagaNi se vividha viSayoM / kA adhyayana kiyA thaa| . kAla-granthakAra ne svayaM grantha ke anta meM lekhanakAla saM0 1515 jyeSTha sudI 2 likhA hai| hemahaMsANi viracita SaDAvazyaka bAlA

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AC 340 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa vabodha kA lekhanakAla saM0 1510 hai| ataH hemahaMsagaNi kA kAla sAmAnyatayA saM0 1475-1550 vi0 svIkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| vyAkhyAkAra 1. anitinAma (saM0 1515 se pUrva) hemahaMsagaNi ne apanI nyAyamaJjUSA bRhadvRtti ke prArambha meM likhA hai ..."teSAM cAnityatvamupekSya vyAkhyodAharaNajJApakAnAmeva prajJApanAkanIyasI TIkA kazcit pracInAnUcAnazcakra / ' pRSTha 1 / / punaH prAthamika 57 paribhASAtroM kI vyAkhyA ke anantara likhA hai'iti prAktanI nyAyavRtti kvacit kvacidupajIvya kRtA / ' pRSTha 50 ina vacanoM se spaSTa hai ki hemahaMsagaNi se pUrva kisI AcArya ne hemacandrAcArya dvArA sAkSAt nirdiSTa 57 paribhASAoM kI vyAkhyA kI thii| . isa vyAkhyAkAra ke nAma tathA grantha se hama sarvathA aparicita haiN| 2. hemahaMsagaNi (saM0 1515 vi0) AcArya hemahaMsagaNi ne svasaMkalita nyAyasaMgraha para svayaM kaI TIkAeM likhI haiN| kAzI se prakAzita nyAyasaMgraha meM hemahaMsagaNi kI nyAyArthamaJjUSA nAmnI bRhadvatti aura usa para svopajJa nyAsa chapA hai| ____ sampAdaka ne jina Adarza pustakoM kA ullekha prastAvanA ke anta meM kiyA hai, unameM laghunyAsa aura bRhannyAsa do pRthak-pRthak nyAsoM kA nirdeza hai / mudrita nyAsa laghunyAsa hai, athavA bRhannyAsa, yaha mudrita pustaka se kathamapi sUcita nahIM hotaa| sampAdaka ko nyUnAtinyUna isakI to sUcanA denI hI cAhiye thii| nyAyArthamaJjUSA nAmnI bRhadvRtti meM bRhad zabda kA nirdeza hone se sambhAvanA hotI hai ki granthakAra ne isa para koI laghavatti bhI likhI thii| isakI puSTi laghu aura bRhad do prakAra ke nyAsagranthoM ke nirdeza se bhI hotI hai| 15 25

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paribhASA-pATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 341 parimANa-prasthakAra ne nyAyasaMggraha grantha kA parimANa 68 zloka 10 akSara, nyAyArthamaJjUSA bRhadvatti kA 3085 zloka, aura nyAsa kA 1200 zloka likhA hai| isameM nyAyasaMgraha maura bRhadvatti kA parimANa pratyakSara gaNanAnusAra hai, aura nyAsa kA parimANa AnumAnika gaNanA para Azrita hai|' vaiziSTaya-paribhASAvRttiyoM meM sIradevIya paribhASAvRtti ke pazcAt ekamAtra yahI vRtti hai, jo paribhASAoM ke viSaya meM pANDityapUrNa aura savistara vivaraNa upasthita karatI hai| 3. vijayalAvaNya sUri (saM0. 2010).. haimabRhadvRtti para prAcArya -hemacandra- sUri ke zabdamahArNavanyAsa 10 apara nAma bRhannnAsa ke samuddhAraka zrI vijayalAvaNya muni ne hemahaMsa gaNi viracita nyAyasaMgraha para nyAyArthasindhu nAmnI vyAkhyA aura taraGga nAmnI TIkA likhI hai / taraGga TIkA ke anta meM lekhana kAla saM0 2010 nirdiSTa hai| yaha vyAkhyA aura TokA unake dvArA sampAdita siddhahaimazabdAnuzAsana ke dUsare bhAga meM prakAzita huI hai| .. 15 ___ ye donoM hI vyAkhyA prati praur3ha haiM / sUri mahodaya ko pANinIya tantra kA acchA jJAna haiM, yaha ina vyAkhyAnoM se suspaSTa hai| ... 10-mugdhabodha-saMbaddha vopadeva-viracita mugdhaboSa vyAkaraNa se sambaddha eka paribhASAvRtti upalabdha hotI hai| isameM vyAkhyAyamAna paribhASAoM kA saMgrA- 20 haka kauna vyakti hai, yaha ajJAta hai| ...... 1. pratyakSaraM gaNeniyA granthe'smina nyaaysNgrhe| zlokAnAmaSTaSaSTiH syAdadhikA ca dazAkSarI | pRSTha 6 / pratyakSaraM gaNanayA granye'smin mAnamagaman / sahasranitamI paJcAzItiH: zlokAzca sAdhikAH / pRSTha 155 / anumAnAd gaNanamA gyAsamatamaM vinizcittam / sahasrI dvizatIyukta; zlokAnAmatra vartate / pRSTha 25 167 /

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342 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa . hAtakAra vRttikAra-rAmacandra vidyAbhUSaNa - mugdhabodha se sambaddha paribhASAtroM kI eka vRtti rAmacandra vidyAbhUSaNa ne likhI thii| DA0 velvAlkara ne vyAkhyAkAra kA nAma rAma candra tarkavAgIza likhA hai|' isa vRtti kA racanAkAla saM0 1745 5 vi. (zaka 1610) hai| isa vRtti kA nirdeza ma. ma. haraprasAda zAstrI dvArA sampAdita 'gavarnameNTa Apha baMgAla' dvArA prakAzita hastalekha sUcIpatra bhAga 1. pRSTha 216, granthAGka 222 para nirdiSTa hai| ukta lekhanakAla isa sUcIpatra meM ullikhita hai| DA. velvAlakara ne bhI yahI kAla svIkAra kiyA hai|' 11-padmanAbhadatta (saM0 1400 vi0) padmanAbhadatta ne svIya supadma vyAkaraNa se sambaddha paribhASApATha kA granthana kiyA thA, aura usa para svayaM vRtti bhI likhI thii| padyanAbhadatta ne isa vRtti ke anta meM svaviracita prAyaH sabhI granthoM kA ullekha kiyA hai / ataH hama una zlokoM ko yahAM uddhRta karate haiM 'diGmAnaM darzitaM kintu sakalArthavikazanam / dhairyAvadheyaM dhIrAH zrIpadmanAbhaniveditam // ukto vyAkaraNAdarzaH supadmastasya paJjikA / tato hi bAlabodhAya prayogANAM ca dIpikA // uNAdivRtti racitA tathA ca dhAtukaumudI / tathaiva yaGaluko vRttiH paribhASAH tataH param / / gopAlacaritaM nAma sAhitye grantharatnakam / AnandalaharITIkA mAghe kAvye vinirmitA / / chandoratnaM chandasi ca smRtAvAcAracandrikA / koze bhUriprayogAkhyo racitAtatayatnataH // iti zrImatpadmanAbhadattakRtA paribhASAvRttiH sampUrNA / isa paribhASovRtti kA eka hastalekha landana ke iNDiyA Aphisa ke saMgraha meM vidyamAna hai / dra0-sUcIpatra bhAga 1,khaNDa 2,grnthaangk860| 1. dra0-hisTrI prApha saMskRta grAmara, sandarbha 85 /

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paribhASA-pATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 343 TokAkAra-padyanAbha-viracita paribhASAvRtti para rAmanAtha siddhAnta vAgIza racita TIkA hai| isakA hastalekha ma0 ma0 haraprasAda zAstrI dvArA sampAdita 'gavarnameNTa grApha baMgAla' dvArA prakAra zita hastalekha sUcI bhAga 1. pRSTha 220 granthAGka 223 para nirdiSTa hai| isa TIkA tathA TIkAkAra ke viSaya meM hama isase adhika kucha 5 nahIM jaante| isa prakAra isa adhyAya meM paribhASApATha ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA vaiyAkaraNoM kA nirdeza karake agale adhyAya meM phiTa-sUtra ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtAoM kA varNana kreNge|

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5 sattAIsavAM adhyAya phil-sUtra ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA pANinIya vaiyAkaraNa sampradAya meM prAzrIyamANa svaraviSayaka eka choTA sA granya hai, jo phiTasUtra ke nAma se prasiddha hai| phiTa-sUtroM ke prAzrayaNa ko prAvazyakatA-hama pUrva (bhAga 2, pRSTha 11-16) sapramANa likha cuke haiM ki atiprAcIna kAla meM saMskRtabhASA ke sabhI zabda yaugika mAne jAte the| usa samaya sabhI zabdoM ke svaroM kA parijJAna prakRti-pratyaya vibhAga ke anusAra yathAsambhava prAJjasyena sampanna ho jAtA thaa| uttarakAla meM zabdoM kI eka bar3I rAzi jaba rUDha mAnI jAne lagI, taba bhI jo prAcArya nAmoM ko rUDha nahIM mAnate the, unake mata meM una zabdoM ke svaroM kI vyavasthA proNAdika prakRti pratyaya dvArA upapanna ho jAtI thii| parantu jinake mata meM auNAdika zabda rUDha haiM arthAt avyutpatra haiM, unake mata meM prakhaNDa zabdoM ke svarajJAna ke lie kisI aise zAstra kI AvazyakatA hotI hai, jo prakRti-pratyaya vibhAga ke vinA hI svaraparijJAna karAtA ho| yathA zvetavanavAsI uNAdivRtti meM likhatA hai'mavyutpattipakSe tu laghAvante dvayozca bahvaSo guruH' iti madhyodAttaH / asya phiTasUtrasya ayamartha .... / 167, pRSTha 31 / nAgeza bhaTTa bhI mahAbhASyapradopodyota meM likhatA hai-'prakRtipratyayavibhAgazUnyeSveva phiTasUtrapravRttezca / ' 112345, pRSTha 52 nirNayasAgara saM0 / __donoM kA bhAva yahI hai ki phiTasUtroM kI pravRtti avyutpatti pakSa meM, jahAM prakRti-pratyaya kA vibhAga nahIM svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai, vahIM . 25 hotI hai| nAgeza kA svavacovirodha-nAgeza pradIpodyota (12222) meM pAnavAcI kuNDa zabda ko pradIpa ke anusAra naviSayasyAnisantasya phiTsUtrAnusAra prAyudAtta mAnatA hai, parantu jArajavAcI kuNDa zabda meM

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2/44 phiT sUtra kA pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 345 1 vRSAdInAM ca ( 0 6 2 | 167) pANinIya sUtra kI pravRtti darzAtA hai / yaha lekha jahAM pAtravAcI kuNDa viSayaka lekha se viruddha hai, vahAM eka hI zabda meM svarabheda meM phiT-sUtra aura pANinIya sUtra donoM ko pravRtti darzAnA ardhajaratIya nyAya yukta bhI hai / vastutaH phiTsUtra aisA hI saMkSipta svaravidhAyaka zAstra hai, jo zabdoM ke rUDha arthAt gravyutpanna pakSa ke liye zrAvazyaka hai / ' pANinIya mata - pANinIya zAstra ke 'arthavadadhAturapratyayaH prAtipadikam ; kRttaddhitasamAsAzca ( 1 / 2/45,46 ) sUtroM se itanA to pratIta hotA hai ki ve rUDha zabdoM ko avyutpanna bhI mAnate the / parantu jahAM taka svaraprakriyA kA sambandha hai, ve unheM vyutpanna hI mAnate the / 10 yadi prAcArya kA aisA pakSa na hotA, to ve zabdoM ke svaraparijJAna ke lie mahAn prayAsapUrvaka lagabhaga 500 sUtroM kA pravacana karate hue avyutpanna pakSa meM prAtipadika-svara ke parijJAna ke liye bhI phiTsUtroM jaise katipaya sUtroM kA pravacana pravazya karate / yataH pANini ne aisA prayAsa nahIM kiyA, ataH hamArA spaSTa mata hai ki pANini svaraprakriyA 15 kI dRSTi se zAkaTAyana aura nairukta sampradAya ke anusAra sampUrNa nAma zabdoM ko yaugika mAnatA hai isIlie usake matAnusAra sabhI zabdoM kA svaraparijJAna bhI prakRtipratyaya - vibhAga dvArA upapanna ho jAtA hai / pANinIya vyAkhyAkAra -- pANini kA svamata kyA hai, isa viSaya meM usake zAstra se jo saMketa prApta hotA hai, usakA nirdeza hama Upara kara cuke haiN| parantu pANinIya zAstra ke vyAkhyAtA AcArya kAtyAyana aura pataJjali kA mata bhinna thaa| ve rUDha zabdoM ko avyutpanna mAnate the / isalie unheM svaranirdeza ke lie aise zAstra kI bhAvazyakatA par3I, jo zabdoM ko prakhaNDa mAna kara hI svaranirdeza karatA ho / isI kAraNa unhoMne yatra-taMtra agatyA phiTsUtroM kA sAkSAt athavA parokSarUpa se prAzrayaNa kiyA / unheM itane se hI santoSa nahIM huA, 25 1. prayutpatti rakSasya cedameva sUtre jJApakamityAhu: / mahAbhASya-pradIpa ( 1912/45, ni0 saM0 ) / 2. kAtyAyana aura pataJjali ne phiTa sUtroM kA nirdeza kahAM-kahAM kiyA hai, yaha hama anupada likheMge / 20

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346 saMskRta-vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 5 unhoMne svamata ko pANini-sammata bhI darzAne kA prayAsa kiyaa| aSTAdhyAyI 7 / 112 kI vyAkhyA meM kAtyAyana kA vArtika hai'prAtipadikavijJAnAcca bhagavataH pANinerAcAryasya siddhm|' isa para pataJjali ne likhA hai 'prAtipadikavijJAnAcca bhagavataH pANinerAcAryasya siddham / uNAdayo'vyutpannAni prAtipadikAni / ' / arthAt-pANini ke mata meM proNAdika zabda avyutpanna akhaNDa prAtipadika haiN| ___ mahAbhASya meM aise aneka prasaGga haiM, jahAM para pataJjali ne pANi10 nIya sUtroM kI vyAkhyA pANinIya mantavya se bhinna kI hai| kahIM-kahIM to bhinnatA itanI adhika aura mahattvapUrNa hai ki use dekhate hI prAcArya cANakya kA eka vacana anAyAsa smaraNa pA jAtA hai dRSTvA vipratipatti bahudhA zAstreSu bhASyakArANAm / svayameva viSNuguptazcakAra sUtraM ca bhASyaM ca // ' 15 ho sakatA hai ki cANakya kA saMketa pataJjali kI ora hI ho| kyoMki itanA sUtrabhASyakAroM kA matabheda anyatra upalabdha nahIM hotaa| aisA hI matabheda proNAdika zabdoM meM phiTasUtroM vA aSTAdhyAyI ke sUtroM kI pravRtti se sambaddha hai| arvAcIna pANinIya vaiyAkaraNa-arvAcIna pANinIya vaiyAkaraNa 20 jisa prakAra prAMkha mIMcakara mahAbhASyakAra pratipAdita siddhAntoM kA anusaraNa karate haiM, usI ke anurUpa unhoMne pataJjali ke matAnusAra avyutpanna prAtipAdikoM ke svaraparijJAna ke lie phiTasUtroM kA bhI Azraya liyA hai| vastutaH pANinIya matAnusAra auNAdika rUDha zabdoM ke svaraparijJAna ke lie bhI prakRti-pratyaya kA hI prAzrayaNa ucita hai| phiT-sUtroM kA pravaktA-pANinIya sampradAya meM phiTa-sUtroM ke pradaktA ke viSaya meM matabheda hai| inheM kucha vyAkhyAkAra prAcArya zantana prokta mAnate haiM to katipaya zAntanavAcArya prokta kahate haiN| kahIM kahIM inheM pANini prokta bhI svIkAra kiyA hai / yathA.1. arthazAstra ke anta meN|

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phiT sUtroM kA pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 347 zantanu-haradatta padamaJjarI meM kAzikA 7 / 3 / 4 ke sauvaro'dhyAya kI vyAkhyA meM likhatA hai sa punaH zantanupraNItaH phiS ityAdikam / pRSTha 804 / zrI nivAsa yajvA svarasiddhAntacandrikA meM phiT sUtroM kI vyAkhyA ke prArambha meM likhatA haiatha yat phiTa sUtrAbhidhamuditaM zantanu maharSiNA shaastrm| / pRSTha 256 / ina uddharaNoM meM phiT sUtroM kA pravaktA zantanu prAcArya mAnA . gayA hai| zAntanava-haradatta padamaJjarI 6 / 2 / 14 meM likhatA hai - 10 phiS ityAdimena yogenaiva zAntanavIyaM catuSkaM sUtramupalakSayati / pRSTha 532 / haradatta kA yaha lekha usake padamaJjarI 73 / 4 ke lekha se viparIta hai / zantanu kA apatya zAntanava hogaa| 'usakA sUtrapATha' isa artha meM tasyedam (4 / 3 / 120) se cha pratyaya hokara zAntanavIya 15 prayoga niSpanna hogaa| ataH isa lekha ke anusAra phiT sUtroM kA pravaktA zAntanava prAcArya honA caahie| - phiTa sUtroM kI jo prAcIna vatti jarmanI meM chapI hai| usa meM prathama sUtra kI vyAkhyA meM likhA hai ki cedaM phiDiti ? phiDiti tipadikapradarzanArtham / zAntanavA- 20 cArya phiDiti prAtipadikasaMjJAM kRtavAn-arthavadadhAturapratyayaH phiS, kRttaddhitasamAsAzca / isase isa vRttikAra ke mata meM bhI phiT sUtroM kA pravaktA zAntanavAcArya pratIta hotA hai| ' bhaTToji dIkSita ne zabdakaustubha 1 / 1 / 37 ( pRSTha 223 ) 25 / para likhA hai nipAta saMjJA virahe tu zAntanavAcAryapraNItasya nipAtA mAdhumattA iti phiTasUtrasya viSayavibhAgo na labhyeta / aisA ho siddhAnta kaumudI meM prAtipadika svara ke antargata phiTa sUtroM kI vyAkhyA ke anta meM likhA hai 30

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348 saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa iti zAntanavAcArya praNItAni phiTasUtrANi phiTsUtreSu turIyaH pAdaH // isakI vyAkhyA meM nAgeza bRhacchabdenduzekhara meM likhatA hai - iti zAntanaveti / idaM ca 'mAtropajJa' iti haradatta granthe ( pada0 5 6 |2014 ) spaSTam / zantanurAcAryaH praNeteti dvArAdInAM ca ( 7|3|4) 1 iti sUtre haradattaH / bhAga 3, pRSTha 2251 / aisA hI nAgeza ne laghuzabdenduzekhara (bhAga 3, pRSTha 684-985) meM likhA hai / yahAM nAgeza ne haradatta ke donoM pAThoM kA nirdeza kara diyA hai, 10 jinameM phiT sUtroM kA pravaktA 'zAntanava' aura 'zantanu' kA nirdeza hai / parantu svamata kA pratipAdana nahIM kiyA / isa para laghuzandenduzekhara ke TIkAkAra bhairava mizra ne likhA haizAntanavAcAryapraNIteSu sUtreSviti darzanena zantanorAcAryasya yadapatyaM praNetRtvamiti bhramanivAraNAya zrAha - idaM mAtra iti / tathA ca 15 zantanuzabdAt tena proktam (4 / 3 / 101 ) ityaN / tadantasya AcArya - praNItazabdena karmadhArayaH / zrAcAryazca zantanurevetyarthAllabhyate / bhAga 2, pRSTha 84-685 / isakA bhAva yaha hai ki - 'zAntanavAcArya praNIteSu' isa darzana se zantanu AcArya kA jo putra usake dvArA praNIta, isa bhrama ke nivAraNa 20 ke lie kahA hai - idaM mAtra iti / isa prakAra zantanu zabda se tena proktam grartha meM praNa zAntanava / usa praNanta kA AcArya praNIta zabda se kamadhAraya samAsa [ zAntanavaM cAcAryapraNItaM ca ] / isa prakAra zantanu hI artha se prApta hotA hai / 30 bhairava mizra kI bhUla - bhairava mizra ne zantanu se prokta zAntanava 25 ( sUtra ) kA prAcAryapraNIta zabda se karmadhAraya samAsa kahA hai / prAcArya praNIta zabda meM tRtIyA tatpuruSa samAsa hogA / AcArya zabda sambandha vAcaka hai use sambandhI kI AkAMkSA hone se sApekSamasamarthaM bhavati niyama se asamartha prAcArya pada kA praNIta zabda ke sAtha samAsa hI nahIM hogA / ataH bhairava mizra kA vyAkhyAna zuddha hai | bhairava mizra ne haradatta ke donoM sthaloM ke pATha nahIM dekhe / zranyathA

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phiT sUtroM kA pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 346 use haradatta kA paraspara virodha spaSTa ho jaataa| nAgeza bhI yahAM kiMkartavyamUr3ha hI banA rhaa| pANini-zeSakulAvataMsa rAmacandra paNDita ne svaraprakriyA nAma kA eka grantha likhA hai usakI vyAkhyA bhI rAmacandra ne svayaM kI hai| yaha grantha prAnandAzrama granthAvalI meM pUnA se san 1974 meM chapA hai| 5 isameM prAtipadika svara prakaraNa meM phiTa sUtroM ke vivaraNa meM rAmacandra svIya vyAkhyA meM likhatA hai. vastutastu phiTasUtrANAM pANinIyatvameva pUrvodAhRtabhASyasvarasAt, pUrvakAlatvaM ca / ....... zAntanavAcAryastu vRttikAraH, na tu sUtrakAra iti na kApi anupapattiH / pRSTha 43 / / isa lekha ke anusAra rAmacandra paNDita ke mata meM phiTa sUtroM kA pravaktA pANini hai aura zAntanava prAcArya usakA vRttikAra hai| phiT sUtroM ke katipaya hastalekhoM ke anta meM bhI pANini kA nAma milatA hai| ina tIna matoM meM se rAmacandra paNDita kA mata 'phiT sUtra pANini 15 praNIta haiM aura vRttikAra zAntanavAcArya hai' murArestRtIyaH panthAH nyAyAnusAra upekSaNIya hai| isameM anya koI pramANa upalabdha nahIM hotA hai| phiT sUtra zantanu prAcArya prokta haiM vA zAntanava AcArya prokta yaha mata vimarza yogya hai| phiT sUtra zantanu prokta haiM yaha haradatta 20 (pada0 7 / 3 / 4) kA lekha usake pada0 6 / 2 / 14 ke lekha se hI viruddha hai / ataH bahumata se phiT sUtroM kA praNetA zAntanava prAcArya hai yahI mAnanA ucita pratIta hotA hai| aisA svIkAra karane para bhI vaha zantanu kauna hai jisa ke putra ne phiTa sUtroM kA pravacana kiyA aura usakA mukhya nAma kyA thaa| isa viSaya meM itihAsa se kucha bhI prakAza 25 nahIM pdd'taa| zantanu aura zAntanava donoM nirdezoM kA samAdhAna kathaMcit pitA putra abhedopacAra mAnakara kiyA jA sakatA hai| hamane isa grantha ke pUrva saMskaraNoM meM phiT sUtroM kA pravaktA zantanu

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350 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ko mAnA thaa| aba aneka pramANoM kI upasthiti meM hamArA vivAra vadala gayA hai| phiTa-sUtroM kA pravacanakAla-aba hama phiTsatroM ke pravacanakAla para upalabdha sAmagrI ke AdhAra para vicAra karate haiM 1. pataJjali se pUrvavartI-mahAbhASya meM aneka aise sthala haiM, jinase vidita hotA hai ki phiTasUtra pataJjali se pUrvavartI haiM / yathA__ka-pratyayasvarasyAvakAzo yatrAnudAttA prakRtiH-samatvaM simatvam / 6 / 1 / 158 / / yahAM bhASyakAra ne sama sima prAtipadikoM ke sarvAnudAttatva kA 10 nirdeza kiyA hai / yaha sarvAnudAttatva tvasamasimetya nuccAni phiTasUtra se hI sambhava hai| pANinIya zAstra meM inake sarvAnudAttatva kA vidhAyaka koI lakSaNa nahIM hai| ___kha-yadi pUrvapadaprakRtisvaratvaM samAsAntodAttatvaM bAghate-capriyaH vApriyaH ityatrApi bAdheta / 6 / 2 / 1 // yahAM bhASyakAra ne ca vA zabdoM ke anudAttatva kI ora saMketa kiyA hai / ca vA kA anudAttatva cAdayo'nudAttAH isa phiTsUtra se hI sambhava hai|' ga-prAtipadikasvarasyAvakAzaH-pAmraH, zAlA / 6 / 1 / 61 // yahAM pataJjali ne phiTasUtroM ke prathama sAmAnya antodAttatva20 vidhAyaka phiSaH sUtra kI ora saMketa kiyA hai| gha-idaM punarasti prAtipadikasyAntodAtto bhavatIti / so'sau lkssnnenaantodaattH"""|6|1|123|| yahAM bhASyakAra ne spaSTa hI phiSo'ntodAttaH kA arthataH anuvAda kiyA hai / aisA ho arthataH anuvAda isI sUtra ke bhASya meM pANinIya 25 1. dra0--mahAbhASya-pradIpa-'cAdayo'nudAttA:'iti ca vA shbdaavnudaatto| 6 / 2 / 1 // 2. phiTa-sUtroM meM samprati prathama sUtra 'phiSo'ntodAtta:' isa prakAra par3hA jAtA hai| parantu isameM 'antodAttaH' anuvartyamAna pada hai| mUla sUtra kevala 'phiSa.' itanA hI hai / isakI vivecanA Age kI jaaygii|

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phiT sUtra kA pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 351 mAdhudAttazca (3 / 1 / 3) sUtra kA idaM punarasti pratyayasyAyudAtto bhavatIti rUpa meM kiyA hai| ___hu-svaritakaraNasAmarthyAnna bhaviSyati-nyaGsvarau svarito iti / 1 / 2 / 3 // isa uddharaNa meM pataJjali ne sAkSAt nyasvarau svaritau isa 5 phiTsUtra kA nirdeza kiyA hai| ina uddharaNoM se itanA spaSTa hai ki ye zAntanava phiTasUtra mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali se pUrvavartI haiM, aura pANinIya vaiyAkaraNoM dvArA AdRta haiN| 2. kAtyAyana se pUrvabhAvI-vArtikakAra kAtyAyana ne 6 / 1 / 10 158 para vArtika par3hA hai- . 'prakRtipratyayayoH svarasya sAvakAzatvAd asiddhiH|' isa vArtika kI vyAkhyA meM vArtikakAra dvArA saMketita pratyayasvara kI sAvakAzatA darzAne ke lie bhASyakAra ne likhA hai 'pratyayasvarasya avakAzo yatrAnudAsA prakRtiH-samatvam, 15 simtvm|' ___ yahAM sama sima zabdoM ko sarvAnudAtta mAnakara hI vArtikakAra ne . pratyayasvara ko sAvakAza kahA hai| yaha sama sima kA sarvAnudAttatva tvasamasimetyanuccAni phiTasUtra se hI sambhava hai / ataH spaSTa hai ki ukta vArtika kA pravacana karate samaya vAtikakAra ke hRdaya meM tvasama- 20 simetyanuccAni sUtra avazya vidyamAna thaa| isalie ye phiTasUtra vArtikakAra kAtyAyana se bhI pUrvavartI haiM, yaha sarvathA vyakta hai| . 3. pANini se paurvakAlika-nAgeza ne 6 / 1 / 158 ke pradIpodyota . meM pakSAntara ke rUpa meM likhA hai 'yadvA phiTasUtrANi pANinyapekSayA aadhunikkrtRkaanniiti|' 25 arthAt- phiTasUtra pANini se arvAcIna haiN| 1. isa ullekha se yaha bhI spaSTa hai ki jahAM para vyutpatti pakSa meM pANinIya sAmAnya sUtra se anyathA svara prApta ho aura phiTasUtra se anya, vahAM phiTsUtroM meM kaNThataH paThita zabdasvara balavAna hotA hai| samatvamA

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352 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa vastutaH yaha mata cintya hai| phiTasUtra pANini se pUrvavartI haiM, isa viSaya meM prAcArya candragomI kA nimna vacana draSTavya hai 'eSa pratyAhAraH pUrvavyAkaraNeSvapi sthitaH eva / ayaM tu vizeSaHaipauSa yadAsIt tada aiauca iti kRtam / tathAhi-laghAvante dvayozca 5 bahvaSo guruH (phiTa 2 / 6) tRNadhAnyAnAM ca dvayaSAm (phiTa 2 / 4) iti ptthyte|' pratyAhArasUtroM kI vyAkhyA ke anta meN| arthAt -yaha pratyAhAra pUrva vyAkaraNoM meM vidyamAna thaa| kevala itanA vizeSa hai ki pahale aiauS sUtra thA, use aiauca kara diyaa| isIlie laghAvante aura tRNadhAnyAnAM phiTasUtroM meM ac ke sthAna meM 10 aS kA nirdeza upalabdha hotA hai / candragomI ke isa nirdeza se spaSTa hai ki pANinIya ac pratyAhAra ke sthAna meM aS pratyAhAra kA prayoga karanevAlA phiTsUtrapravaktA pANini se pUrvavartI hai|' 4. prApizali se pUrvatana-Apizala vyAkaraNa meM bhI pANini 15 ke samAna aiauca sUtra aura ac pratyAhAra kA nirdeza thaa| ataH aS pratyAhAra kA nirdeza karanevAle phiTasUtra prApizali se pUrvavartI hI ho sakate haiM, uttaravartI kathamapi sambhava nhiiN| ___ ina pramANoM se siddha hai ki phiTasUtroM kA pravacanakAla vikrama se nizcaya hI 3100 varSa pUrvatana hai| kItha kI bhUla-kItha ne apane 'saMskRta sAhitya kA itihAsa' grantha meM phiTsUtroM ke sambandha meM likhA hai 'vaidika tathA laukika saMskRta ke saMbandha meM svaroM ke niyamoM kA nirUpaNa zAntanava ne, jo pataJjali se paravartI haiM, phiTasUtra meM kiyA hai|' 25 1. hamAre mitra pro0 kapiladeva sAhityAcArya ne bhI cAndravRtti ke ukta pATha ko uddhRta karake phiTasUtroM ko pANini se pUrvavartI mAnA hai| dra0'saMskRta vyAkaraNa meM gaNapATha kI paramparA aura prAcArya pANini' pRSTha 26 / isa grantha ko hamane 'bhAratIya-prAcyavidyA-pratiSThAna' kI ora se prakAzita kiyA hai|

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2/45 phiTa sUtroM kA pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 353 isakI TippaNI meM epha. kIlahAna kA pramANa diyA hai| draSTavyaH 'saMskRta sAhitya kA itihAsa' bhASAnuvAda, pRSTha 510 / kItha ne yahAM jo bhUla kI hai vaha hai / phiTasUtroM ko pataJjali se paravartI mAnanA hai| hama UAra spaSTa batA cuke haiM ki pataJjali phiTasUtroM se kevala paricita hI nahIM hai, apitu vaha unako arthataH tathA sAkSAt pATharUpa meM uddhRta bhI karatA hai| isalie kItha kA phiTasUtroM ko pataJjali se paravartI mAnanA mahatI bhUla hai| yadi usane ukta nirdeza kIlahAna ke lekha ke AdhAra para kiyA hai, to yaha kIlahAna kI bhI bhUla hai| hamane Upara jo pramANa darzAe haiM. unake anusAra to phiTa sUtra na kevala pataJjali se pUrvavartI haiM, apitu pANini aura Apizali se bhI pUrvavartI haiN| nAmakaraNa kA kAraNa-ina catuHpAdAtmaka zAntanava sUtroM ke phiTasUtra nAma kA kAraNa, inakA prathama phiSa sUtra hai| pANinIya zAstra meM jina arthavAn zabdoM kI prAtipadika saMjJA hotI hai, unhIM kI 15 zAntanava tantra meM phiSa saMjJA thii| phiSa kA hI prathamaikavacana tathA pUrvapada meM phiTa rUpa hai| isI phiS saMjJA ke kAraNa ye sUtra phiTasUtra nAma se vyavahRta hote haiN| phiTasUtra bRhattantra ke ekadeza-samprati upalabhyamAna catuHpAdAtmaka phiTasUtra svatantra tantra nahIM hai / yaha kisI bRhattantra kA bacA hai. huA ekadeza hai / isameM nimna pramANa haiM 1. phiTasUtroM meM kaI aisI saMjJAeM prayukta haiM, jinakA sAMketika artha batAnevAle saMjJAsUtra ina upalabdha sUtroM meM nahIM haiN| aprasiddha evaM kRtrima saMjJAoM kA prayoga karane se pUrva unase saMbaddha nirdezaka sUtroM kI AvazyakatA hotI hai / aisI aprasiddhArtha nimna saMjJAeM ina sUtroM 25 meM prayukta haiM yathA ka-phiS (sUtra 1)-praatipdik| kha-nap (sUtra 26, 61) =npuNsk| .. ga-yamanvA (sUtra 41) =vRddha (pANinIyAnusAra) /

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354 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ... gha-ziT (sUtra 26 ) sarvanAma / __ - sphig (sUtra pAThAntara meM)=lup-pratyaya-pradarzana / 2. phiTasUtroM meM katipaya pratyAhAroM kA prayoga milatA hai| pratyAhAroM se gRhIta artha ke parijJAna ke lie prApizali tathA pANinIya 5 zAstravat pratyAhArasUtroM kA nirdeza Avazyaka hai / unake vinA tattat pratyAhAra se gRhyamANa vargoM kA parijJAna kathamapi nahIM ho sakatA hai| yathA ka-aS (sUtra 27, 42, 46)=ac pANinIya svara / kha-khay (sUtra 31) khay pANinIya =varga ke prathama dvitIya / ___ ga-hay (sUtra 46,66) =hala pANinIya = vyaJjana ('hay iti halAM saMjJA' lghushbdendushekhr)| ___3. phiTasUtroM kI eka vRtti kA hastalekha aDiyAra (madrAsa) ke hastalekha-saMgraha meM vidyamAna hai (dra0--sUcIpatra, vyAkaraNavibhAga, granthAGka 400) / isameM prathama sUtra 'phiSa' itanA hI hai| aura isa sUtra 15 kI vRtti ke anta meM likhA hai-svaravidhau anta udAtta iti prakrAntam / lagabhaga aisA hI pATha jarmana-mudrita phiTasUtravRtti meM bhI hai| ina pAThoM se vidita hotA hai ki yaha sUtrapATha kisI bRhattantra kA avayava hai| usa bRhattantra meM ina sUtroM se pUrva anta udAttaH kA prakaraNa vidyamAna thaa| ata: yahAM bhI anta udAttaH padoM kI anuvRtti AtI hai / isalie 20 ina phiTsUtroM kA prathama sUtra kevala phiS itanA hI hai| __4. haradatta ne bhI padamaJjarI 6:2 / 14 meM Adi sUtra 'phiS' itanA hI mAnA hai / vaha likhatA hai-- 'phiS ityAdimena yogenaiva zAntanavIyaM catuSka sUtramupalakSayati / isa viSaya meM padamaJjarI 7 / 3 / 4 bhI dekhanI caahiye| ina pramANoM se spaSTa hai ki phiSo'nta udAttaH aisA vartamAna pATha azAstrIya hai, anuvRttyaMza jor3akara banAyA gayA hai| tathA phiS kA phiSaH SaSThayanta rUpa bhI pANinIya zAstrAnusAra ghar3A gayA hai| pANinIya tantra meM kAryo (jisako kArya kA vidhAna kiyA jAe) kA SaSThI vibhakti se nirdeza hotA hai / parantu pUrvapANinIya tantroM meM 30 kAryo kA prathamA se nirdeza hotA thA, yaha pataJjali ke pUrvasUtranirdezazca

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phiT sUtroM kA pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 355 citvAn cita iti vacana zraura isakI pUrvavyAkaraNe prathamayA kAryoM nirdizyate ' ( mahAbhASya 6 / 1 / 153) vyAkhyA tathA mahAbhASya 8 / 4 / 7 kI pUrvAcAryAH kAryabhAjaH SaSThyA na niradikSan vyAkhyA se dhvanita hotA hai / 5. pUrvanirdiSTa hastalikhita vRtti meM zAntanava tantra ke phiS saMjJA vidhAyaka do sUtra uddhRta haiM / yathA 'zAntanavAcArya: phiSa iti prAtipadikasaMjJAM kRtavAn prarthavadadhAturapratyayaH phiS kRttaddhitasamAsAzca iti / ' lagabhaga aisA hI pATha jarmanamudrita vRtti meM bhI hai / 6. AcArya candragomI ne apanI vRtti meM zAntanava-tantra kA eka 10 pratyAhArasUtra uddhRta kiyA hai / aura usa pratyAhAra kA prayoga dikhAne ke lie do phiTsUtroM kA nirdeza kiyA hai 'eSa pratyAhAraH pUrvavyAkaraNeSvapi sthita eva / zrayaM tu vizeSaH - aioSa iti yadAsIt tad aigrauc iti kRtam / tathAhi laghAvante dvayozca bahvaSo guruH, tRNadhAnyAnAM ca dvayaSAm ( phiTsUtra ) iti paThyate / ' pRSTha - 10, nAgarAkSara saM0 / 15 7. nyAsakAra jinendra buddhi ne kAzikA 1|2| 30 ke vivaraNa meM likhA hai-- 'tvasamasimetyanuccAni iti sarvAdidhveva paThyante / ' bhAga 1, pRSTha 170 / 20 isameM 'tvasamasimetyanuccAni sUtra kA pATha sarvAdigaNa meM mAnA hai / pANini ke sarvAdigaNa meM ukta sUtra paThita nahIM hai / ukta sUtra zAntanavIya phiTsUtroM meM upalabdha hotA hai| isase pratIta hotA hai ki yaha sUtra zAntanavoya sarvAdigaNa meM bhI paThita thA, aura phiT svaraprakaraNa meM bhI / pANinIya gaNapATha ke sarvAdigaNa meM bhI tIna sUtra 25 aise paThita haiM, jo usakI aSTAdhyAyI meM bhI haiM ( anya gaNoM meM bhI aise kaI sUtra haiM, jo ubhayatra par3he haiM ) / isase spaSTa hai ki prAcArya zAntanava ne apane zabdAnuzAsana meM sarvAdIni ziTa etadartha sUtra par3hA thA, aura tatsaMbaddha sarvAdigaNa tathA anya gaNoM kA pravacana gaNapATha meM kiyA thA /

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356 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa nyAsakAra ke ukta udAharaNa se eka bAta aura spaSTa hotI hai ki pUrvAcArya gaNapATha meM zabdoM ke svara-vizeSa kA bhI vidhAna karate the| kAzikA meM sarvAdigaNa meM tva tvat tathA svarAdigaNa meM svar punar sanutar Adi zabdoM ke svaroM kA nirdeza milatA hai / vaha yA to kisI prAcIna gaNapATha ke svara-nirdeza ke anusAra hai, athavA pANini ke gaNapATha meM bhI inake svaranirdezaka gaNasatra rahe hoM, aura unakA vyAkhyAgranthoM ke hastalekhoM meM lopa ho gayA ho| hamAre vicAra meM dvitIya pakSa adhika yukta hai| arthAt pANini ne bhI pUrvAcAryoM ke sadRza apane gaNapATha meM viziSTa zabdoM ke svara-nirdezaka sUtroM kA pravacana 10 kiyA thA, samprati jo lupta ho gayA hai| 8. prAcArya zAntanava'-prokta uNAdi aura liGgAnuzAsanasUtroM kA ullekha hama pUrva prakaraNoM meM yathAsthAna kara cuke haiM / jisa AcArya ne uNAdipATha aura liGgAnuzAsana kA pravacana kiyA ho, usane vyA karaNa ke nAma para itanA choTA sA hI grantha racA ho, yaha buddhigamya 15 nahIM ho sktaa| ____ ina saba hetuoM se yaha ati spaSTa hai ki prAcArya zAntanava ne kisI sAGgopAGga bRhat zabdAnuzAsana kA pravacana kiyA thaa| aura usI meM vyutpanna-pakSAnusAra prAtipadikoM kA svara-nirdeza karake avyUtpanna pakSa kA Azraya karake akhaNDa prAtipadikoM ke svara-parijJAna ke lie ina sUtroM kI racanA kI thii| phiTsUtroM kA pATha-samprati phiTasUtroM kI jitanI bhI vRttiyAM upalabdha haiM,unameM aneka sUtroM meM pAThabheda upalabdha hotA hai / nAgeza ne laghu aura bRhat zabdenduzekharoM meM aneka pAThAntaroM kA nirdeza kiyA hai| vRttikAra 25 aba hama phiTasUtroM kI upalabdha athavA jJAta vRttiyoM ke racayi tAoM kA varNana karate haiM 1. isI bhAga meM pUrva pRSTha 148, 207, 274 para zantanu prokta gaNapATha, uNAdipATha aura liGgAnuzAsana kA nirdeza kiyA hai / vahAM bhI zantanu ke sthAna meM zAntanava pATha honA caahiye|

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phiTsUtroM kA pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 357 1-ajJAtanAma eka ajJAtanAma vaiyAkaraNa kI vRtti aDiyAra ke hastalekha-saMgraha / meM vidyamAna hai / isakA ullekha hama pUrva (pRSTha 354, yahI bhAga) kara cuke haiN| isa vRtti kA jo aMza aDiyAra pustakAlaya ke sUcIpatra meM 5 nidarzanArtha chapA hai / usakA pATha jarmanamudrita vRtti ke pATha se prAyaH samAnatA rakhatA hai isa samAnatA ke kAraNa donoM vRttiyoM ke pUre pATha kI tulanA kiye vinA yaha kahanA kaThina hai ki ye donoM vRttiyAM eka haiM, athavA bhinna-bhinna / 2-ajJAtanAma eka ajJAtanAma vaiyAkaraNa kI vRtti cirakAla pUrva jarmana se prakAzita huI thii| isake lekhaka kA nAma kAla aura deza ajJAta hai| __ pAThabheda-isa vRtti meM siddhAntakaumudI meM prAzrIyamANa phiTasUtra pATha se aneka sthAnoM para pAThabheda tathA sUtrabheda upalabdha hotA haiN| sUtrabheda yathA- . . . ____ ka-pRSThasya ca (15) sUtra ke Age vA bhASAyAm sUtra adhika upalabdha hotA hai| parantu yaha siddhAntakaumudI (lAhaura saMskaraNa) kA mudraNa doSa hai| usameM yaha sUtra 15 veM sUtra kI vRtti ke sAtha hI chapa gayA hai| ___ kha-siddhAntakaumudI meM yatheti pAdAnte sUtra ke Age upalabhyamAna 20 prakArAdidviruktau parasyAnta udAttaH, zeSaM sarvamanudAttam ye do sUtra isa vRtti meM nahIM haiM / ho sakatA hai ki jisa hastalekha ke AdhAra para jarmana saMskaraNa chapA ho, usameM ye do sUtra truTita hoN|. . .. ga-siddhAntakaumudI meM vAvAdInAmubhAvudAttau pATha ko ekasUtra mAnA hai| nAgeza ne bAvAdInAmubhI itanA hI sUtra mAnA hai| aura 25 uvAttau aMza ko anuvRttyaMza kahA hai| jarmana saMskaraNa meM pATha isa prakAra hai- 'vAvadAdInAm / vAvadAdInAmanta udAtto bhavati / vAvat / vAvAdInAnubhAvudAttau / bAvAvInAmubhAvadAttau bhvtH| vAva / ' , isa pATha se pratIta hotA hai ki isa vRttikAra ke mata meM vAva- 30 ,

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358 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa dAdInAm eka sUtra hai, aura vAvAdonAmu bhAvudAttau dUsarA pATha hai| pratIta hotA hai ki dAnoM sUtroM ke prArambha meM sAdRzya hone se lekhaka pramAda se vAvAdInAm prathama sUtra naSTa ho gyaa| 3-ajJAtanAma 5 saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya vArANasI ke sarasvatI bhavana ke saMgraha meM phiTsUtravRtti kA hastalekha vidyamAna hai| ise hamane san 1934 meM dekhA thA / yaha usa samaya saMgraha saMkhyA 6 ke veSTana saMkhyA 25 meM rakhA huA thaa| 4-viThThala (saM0 1520 vi0) 10 viThThala ne prakriyAkamudI kI TIkA ke svaraprakaraNa meM phiTa sUtroM kI bhI saMkSipta vyAkhyA kI hai| viThaThala ke paricaya ke lie dekhie isa grantha kA prathama bhAga, pRSTha 592 (ca0 saM0) / 5-bhaTThoji dIkSita (saM0 1570-1650 vi0) 15 bhaTToji dIkSita ne phiTasUtroM para do vyAkhyAeM likhI haiM / eka zabdakaustubha ke prathamAdhyAya ke dvitIya pAda ke svaraprakaraNa meM, aura dUsarI siddhAntakaumudI kI svaraprakriyA meN| donoM meM sAdhAraNa hI bheda hai| vyAkhyAkAra 20 1. bhaTToji dIkSita-bhaTTojidIkSita ne siddhAntakaumudIstha phiTasUtravRtti kI svayaM vyAkhyA prauDha manoramA meM kI hai| parantu vahAM kevala 7-8 sUtroM para hI vicAra kiyA hai| 2. jayakRSNa-jayakRSNa ne siddhAntakaumudI ke svara vaidika bhAga kI sUndara vyAkhyA likhI hai| isI ke antargata usane phiTasUtroM kI 25 bhaTToji dIkSita viracita vRti ko vyAkhyA ko hai| paricaya -jayakRSNa ne svaravaidikaprakriyA ke zrAdi aura anta meM jo paricaya diyA hai, usase itanA jAnA jAtA hai ki isake pitAmaha kA nAma govardhana, aura pitA kA nAma raghunAtha thaa| raghunAtha ke cAra

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phiT sUtroM kA pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 356 putra the-mahAdeva, rAmakRSNa, jayakRSNa, caturtha ajJAtanAma / mahAdeva mahAbhASya kA acchA vidvAn thaa| 3. nAgeza bhaTTa-nAgeza bhaTTa ne siddhAntakaumudI para laghu aura bRhat do prakAra ke zabdenduzekhara likhe haiN| una donoM meM siddhAntakaumudIstha phiTa-sUtra-vRtti para vyAkhyA likhI hai| nAgoji bhaTTa ne 5 saMkhyA 2 para nirdiSTa ajJAtakartRka vyAkhyA ko apane grantha meM kaI sthAnoM para uddhRta kiyA hai / laghu zabdenduzekhara ke vyAkhyAkAra bhairava ... mizra ne prakaraNa prApta phiTa sajJoM kI vyAkhyA kI hai| tattvabodhinI aura bAlamanoramA jaisI prasiddha TIkAtroM ke likhanevAle granthakAroM ne siddhAntakaumudI ke svaravaidikaprakaraNa kI vyAkhyA 10 nahIM kii| svaravaidika prakaraNa ke sAtha cirakAla se kI jAnevAlI upekSA kA hI yaha pariNAma pratIta hotA hai| 6-zrInivAsa yajvA (saM0 1750 vi0 ke samIpa) zrInivAsa yajvA ne pANinIya zabdAnuzAsana ke antargata svarasUtroM para svarasiddhAntacandrikA nAmnI eka sundara vizada vyAkhyA 15 likhI hai / isI ke antargata zrInivAsa ne phiTasUtroM kI bhI vyAkhyA kI hai / yaha vyAkhyA pUrvanirdiSTa sabhI vyAkhyAnoM se adhika vistRta tathA upayogI hai| paricaya-zrInivAsa yajvA ne svarasiddhAntacandrikA ke prArambha meM apanA jo paricaya diyA hai,tadanusAra isakI mAtA kA nAma anantA, 20 pitA kA kRSNa, aura guru kA nAma 'rAmabhadra yajvA' thaa| aura isakA gotra saMkRtya thaa| kAla-zrInivAsa yajvA ke guru rAmabhadra dIkSita ne. sIradevIya paribhASAvRtti para eka vyAkhyA likhI hai, aura uNAdisUtroM kI TIkA kI hai| romabhadra dIkSita kA kAla saM0 1744 vi0 ke lagabhaga hai(dra0- 25 uNAdivyAkhyAkAra prakaraNa bhAga 2, pRSTha 234-235 tR0 sN0)| ataH zrInivAsa yajvA kA bhI yahI kAla hogaa| isa prakAra isa adhyAya meM phiTasUtra ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtAoM kA varNana karake agale adhyAya meM prAtizAkhyoM ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA prAcAryoM kA varNana kreNge|

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aTThAIsavAM adhyAya prAtizAkhya Adi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA vaidika-laukika ubhayavidha tathA kevala laukika saMskRtabhASA ke sAtha sAkSAt sambaddha zabdAnuzAsanoM aura unake pariziSToM ( - khila5 pAThoM) ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA prAcAryoM kA yathAsthAna varNana karake aba hama una prAtizAkhya prAdi lakSaNa-granthoM kA varNana karate haiM, jinakA saMbandha kevala vaidika saMhitAoM ke sAtha hai| ina granthoM meM vyAkaraNazAstra ke mukhya uddezyabhUta prakRtipratyayarUpa vyAkRti kA nirdeza na hone se yadyapi inheM vaidika vyAkaraNa nahIM kaha sakate, aura nA hI kinhI 10 prAcIna prAcAryoM ne inheM vyAkaraNa nAma se smaraNa kiyA haiM, tathApi inameM vyAkaraNa ke ekadeza sandhi prAdi kA nirdeza hone se inakI loka meM sAmAnya rUpa se vaidika vyAkaraNarUpa meM prasiddhi hai / isalie vyAkaraNa - zAstra ke itihAsa meM ina granthoM kA bhI saMkSepa se hama varNana karate haiM / purA kAla meM prAtizAkhya sadRza aneka vaidika lakSaNa-grantha vidya15 mAna the / samprati upalabhyamAna prAtizAkhyoM meM lagabhaga 56 vaidika lakSaNa -zAstroM ke pravaktA prAcAryoM ke nAma upalabdha hote haiM / unake nAma hama isa grantha ke dvitIya adhyAya ( bhAga 1 ) meM pRSTha 74-77 ( ca0 saM0) taka uddhRta kara cuke haiN| isa nAma sUcI se bhI isa bAta kI puSTi hotI hai ki purAkAla meM prAtizAkhya sadRza aneka lakSaNa grantha 20 vidyamAna the / parantu ve saba prAyaH kAla-kavalita ho gae / unake nAma bhI vismRta ke garta meM daba ge| isa samaya nimna prAtizAkhya grantha hI jJAta tathA upalabdha hai prAtizAkhya 25 1 - prAtizAkhya 2 - prAzvalAyana prAtizAkhya 3 - bASkala prAtizAkhya 4- zAMkhAyana prAtizAkhya 5 - vAjasaneya jAtizAkhya prAtizAkhya 6- taittirIya prAtizAkhya 7- maitrAyaNIya prAtizAkhya 8- cArAyaNIya prAtizAkhya - sAmaprAti0 (puSpa vA phullasUtra ) 10- pratharva prAtizAkhya

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2/46 prAtizAkhya prAdi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 361 anya lakSaNa-grantha - prAtizAkhyoM ke atirikta kucha anya bhI prAtizAkhyasadRza lakSaNa-grantha milate haiM / yathA 11- atharva caturadhyAyI 12- pratijJAsUtra 13- bhASikasUtra 14 - Rktantra 15-laghuRktantra 16- sAmatantra 17-akSaratantra 18- chandoga vyAkaraNa 10 inameM saMkhyA 1-10 taka ke grantha sAkSAt prAtizAkhya haiM / inameM bhI 2, 3, 4, 8 ye cAra prAtizAkhya hI samprati upalabdha nahIM haiM agale ATha grantha sAkSAt prAtizAkhya nahIM haiM, aura nA hI prAtizAkhya nAma se vyavahRta hote haiM / inameM saMkhyA 19, 14, 15 meM prAtizAkhya sadRza hI vaidika saMhitAoM ke svara sandhi prAdi viziSTa kAryoM kA vidhAna hai / saMkhyA 12, 13 ke grantha vAjasaneya prAtizAkhya ke pariziSTa grantha haiM / saMkhyA 16, 17 meM sAmagAna saMbandhI stoma Adi kA nirdeza milatA hai / saMkhyA 18 kA grantha vicAraNIya hai / isa nAma se isa grantha kA ullekha kAzI ke sarasvatI bhavana saMgraha ke sUcIpatra meM saMkhyA 2085 para milatA hai / 15 prAtizAkhya ke paryAya - prAtizAkhya ke lie prAcIna granthoM meM pArSada zabda kA vyavahAra hotA hai / " mahAbhASya 6 |3|14 meM pAriSada zabda kA bhI prayoga milatA hai / " 1 prAtizAkhya zabda kA artha - prAtizAkhya zabda kA artha hai zAkhAM zAkhAM prati pratizakhin, pratizAkheSu bhavaM prAtizAkhyam / isa vyutpatti ke anusAra jisa grantha meM veda kI eka-eka zAkhA ke niyamoM kA varNana ho, vaha 'prAtizAkhya' kahAtA hai|' parantu prAti 20 DPK 1 1. padaprakRtIni sarvacaraNAnAM pAdAni / niru 12 / 17 // 2. sarvavedapAriSadaM hIdaM zAstram / 25 2 1. I T 3. yaha pATha maiksamUlara ne 'hisTrI Apha saMskRta "liTarecara' pRSTha 63 ( ilAhAbAda saMska0, san 1926) para tantravArtika ke nAma se uddhRta kiyA hai, aura patA 5 / 1 / 3 diyA hai| pAMcaveM adhyAya para tantravArtika nahIM hai (tRtIya pradhyAya 4. para samApta ho jAtA hai| aura na hI isa pate para kumArila kRta TIkA meM yaha lekha milatA hai / yahAM pate kI saMkhyA ke lekhana vA mudraNa meM azuddhi pratIta hotI hai / 30 ..

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362 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa zAkhyoM ke adhyayana se vidita hotA hai ki inameM kisI eka zAkhA ke hI niyamoM kA nirdeza nahIM hai, apitu inameM eka-eka caraNa kI sabhI zAkhAoM ke niyamoM kA sAmAnyarUpa se ullekha milatA hai| prAcArya yAska ne bhI kahA hai padaprakRtiH saMhitA', padaprakRtIni sarvacaraNAnAM pArSadAni' / 1 / 17 // arthAt--pada jinakI prakRti haiM vaha saMhitA hotI hai / sabhI caraNoM ke pArSada padaprakRtivAle haiN| yahAM yAska ne bhI pArSadoM kA sambandha caraNa ke sAtha darzAyA hai| na ki pRthak-pRthak zAkhA ke sAtha / 10 bhaTTa kumArila bhI prAtizAkhyoM kA sambandha caraNoM ke sAtha mAnatA hai / vaha likhatA hai 'dharmazAstrANAM gRhmagranthAnAM ca prAtizAkhyalakSaNavat praticaraNaM pAThavyavasthopalabhyate' / tantra vArtika 1 / 3 / 15 pRSTha 244 (pUnA sN0)| arthAt- dharmazAstra aura gRhyagranthoM kI bhI prAtizAkhya ke samAna prati caraNa vyavasthA dekhI jAtI hai| pratijJApariziSTa kI TIkA meM anantadeva likhatA hai'pratipaJcadazazAkhAyAM bhinnAni prAtizAkhyAni nopadiSTAni, kintu zrautasmArtasUtravat prAtizAkhyasUtramapi paJcadazazAkhAsAdhAraNaM 20 samAmnAtam' / pratijJA pari0 (prAtizAkhyasaMbaddha) 221 // ___ arthAt-zukla yajurveda kI 15 zAkhAoM meM pratizAkhA bhinna-bhinna prAtizAkhya nahIM upadiSTa kiye gaye, kintu zrauta aura smArta sUtroM ke samAna prAtizAkhya bhI pandraha zAkhAoM kA sAmAnyarUpa se hai| ___ ina uddharaNoM se spaSTa hai ki prAtizAkhyoM kA saMbandha tattat 25 caraNoM ke sAtha hai, zAkhAoM ke sAtha nhiiN| ataH maiksamUlara evaM paM0 1. 'padaprakRtiH saMhitA' lakSaNa ke viSaya meM jo bhrAnta dhAraNA 'mantra pahale pada rUpa the, saMhitA pATha pIche niSpanna huA' kI nivRtti ke lie isa antha ke tRtIya bhAga meM padaprakRtiH saMhitA zIrSaka pAThavAM pariziSTa dekheN| 2. 'hisTrI Apha saMskRta liTarecara' (maiksa0) pRSTha 62, ilAhAbAda sN0|

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prAtizAkhya Adi ke pravaktA zraura vyAkhyAtA 363 vizvabandhu' prabhRti kA 'prati zAkhA prAtizAkhyoM kI pravRtti huI hai' mata bhrAntipUrNa hai / " caraNa aura zAkhAnoM meM bheda -caraNa zabda se una sabhI zAkhAoM kA bodha hotA hai, jo kisI eka saMhitA ke vibhinna prAcAryoM ke pravacana dvArA pAThabheda hone ke kAraNa pravAntara vibhAgoM meM vibhakta huI haiM / yathA vAjasaneya yAjJavalkya prokta eka mUla vAjasaneyI saMhitA ke mAdhyandini, kaNva, gAlava Adi 15 prAcAryoM dvArA vibhinna rUpa se prokta sabhI saMhitAeM eka vAjasaneya sAmAnya nAma se vyavahRta hotI haiM / " yaha vAjasaneya nAma una sabhI ke caraNa rUpa pratiSThA = sthiti kA sthAna hai / isa nAma se jJAta hotA hai ki mAdhyandinI kA gAlavI Adi zAkhAmroM ko mUla sthiti vAjasaneya yAjJavalkya ke pravacana para prAvRta hai / pratizAkhA kA mUla artha - prAcIna kAla meM caraNa ke artha meM pratizAkhA zabda kA vyavahAra hotA thA / aura jinheM samprati zAkhA ke nAma se pukArate haiM, unake lie zravAntarazAkhA zabda prayukta hotA 15 thA | viSNupurANa aMza 3, pra0 4 meM Rgveda kI caraNarUpa saMhitAoM kA varNana karake usakI zAkhAoMoM ke varNana ke anantara kahA hai ' ityetAH pratizAkhAbhyo'pyanuzAkhA dvijottama' ||25|| arthAt - zAkalya ziSya prokta pAMca anuzAkhAoM ko pratizAkhA se nisRta jAno / 10 3. tulanA karo - bhoja varmA ( 12 vIM zatI) kA tAmrapatra .......... jamadagnipravarAya vAjasaneya caraNAya yajurvedakaNvazAkhAdhyAyine ...............' / insakripzanja, grApha baMgAla, bhAga 3, pRSTha 21 / vArendra risarca sosAiTI rAjazAhI prakAzana, san 1926 / 20 1. pratharva prAtizAkhya bhUmikA, pRSTha 13 / . 2. DA0 brajavihArI caube ne apane 'vaidika svarabodha' grantha ke prAkkathana meM likhA hai - vedoM kI jitanI zAkhAeM hoMgI, utane hI prAtizAkhya granthoM kI racanA huI hogI, aisA hama anumAna kara sakate haiM (pRSTha 'ja') / sambhavataH prajavihArI caube kI yaha bhrAnti maiksamUlara prabhRti ke lekhoM ko hI par3ha kara huI 25 hogii|

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364 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa viSNapurANa ke vyAkhyAtA zrIdhara ne anuzAkhA kA artha isa prakAra likhA hai-anuzAkhA avAntarazAkhaH / ina pramANoM se spaSTa hai ki pratizAkhA pada kA prayoga caraNarUpa mUla saMhitA ke lie, aura anUzAkhA kA prayoga usakI avAntara 5 zAkhAmoM ke lie hotA hai| isa dRSTi se pratizAkhA kA artha hogA zAkhAM pratigatA zAkhA prtijnyaakhaa| arthAt-jo zAkhA punaH zAkhA bhAva ko prApta huI, vaha pratizAkhA kahAtI hai| vedoM ke jitane caraNa athavA avAntara zAkhAoM kI mUla saMhitAeM 10 haiM, ve bhI apane-apane mUla veda kI zAkhArUpa haiN| eka hI mUla RksaMhitA ko pahale vyAsa ne zakilya Adi pAMca ziSyoM ko pddh'aayaa| punaH unhoMne svaguru se prApta saMhitA ko apane-apane ziSyoM ko vibhinna rUpoM meM pddh'aayaa| ye zAkalya Adi ke dvArA prokta saMhitAe / mUla saMhitA kI zAkhArUpa huii| zAkalya Adi ke ziSyoM ne punaH 15 unako vibhinna prakAra se apane ziSyoM ko paDhAyA / ve zAkhAyoM kI avAntara zAkhAeM huii| isI prakAra anya vedoM kI mUla saMhitA bhI zAkhA-zamakhAntara rUpa meM prasRta huii| isI itihAsa ko dhyAna meM rakhakara svAmI dayAnanda sarasvato ne caraNa aura zAkhAnoM ke lie Rgve dAdibhASyabhUmikA pRSTha 264 (tR0 saM0) para 'zAkhA zAkhAntara 2. vyAkhyA sahita cAra veda' vAkya meM zAkhA-zAkhAntara zabdoM kA vyavahAra kiyA hai / yaha vyavahAra ati prAcIna vyavahAra ke anurUpa hai| pratijJAsUtra kA vyAkhyAtA anantadeva yAjJika kAtyAyana prAti. zAkhya ko vAjasaneya caraNa kI 15 zAkhAoM kA prAtizAkhya mAnatA hamA pratizAkhA zabda ke ukta athaM ko na samajha kara likhatA hai25 pratizAkhAsu bhavaM prAtizAkhyamiti sambhavAbhiprAyeNa bahavacanAntayogenApi nirvAha ityAstAM tAvat / 2 / 1 / kAzI saM0 pRSTha 415 // yataH avAntara zAkhAoM ko mUla zAkhA hI zAkhAntara bhAva ko prApta hone se pratizAkhA zabda se vyavahRta hotI hai, isalie prAtizAkhya kA saMbadha bhI isI pratizAkhA zabda ke sAtha hai| isa vivecanA se svaSTa hai ki prAtizAkhyoM kA sambandha pratizAkhAoM arthAt, caraNoM kI samasta avAntara zAkhAoM ke sAtha hai|

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prAtizAsya Adi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 365 . mAdhunika vidvAnoM ko bhUla-pratyeka prAtizAkhya apane-apane caraNoM kI samasta zAkhAoM ke saMdhi Adi niyamoM kA sAmAnyarUpa se ullekha karate haiM / isa tathya ko na jAna kara aneka prAdhanika vidvAna tattat prAtizAkhyoM ko una-una viziSTa zAkhAoM ke niyamabodhaka samajhate haiM / isa ajJAna ke kAraNa aneka lekhakoM ne bhUleM kI haiN| hama 5 yahAM nidarzanArtha eka granthakAra dvArA kI gaI bhUloM kI ora pAThakoM kA dhyAna AkRSTa karate haiM pUrva niyama ke anusAra vartamAna zaunaka prokta RkprAtizAkhya zAkala-caraNa kI sabhI zAkhAoM ke niyamoM kA bodhaka hai, parantu Rgvedakalpadruma ke lekhaka kezava ne ukta tAtparya ko na jAna kara RkprAtizAkhya ko Rgveda kI vartamAna saMhitA kA hI niyama-bodhaka mAnakara Rgvedakalpadruma kI bhUmikA ke anta meM RksaMhitA, meM aneka pramAdapATha =apapATha darzAe haiM / aura anta meM likhA hai... 'edamanye'pi pramAdAH pratizAkhyAdipuryAlocanena jnyeyaaH|' isI prakAra mAdhyandina zAkhA adhyetA eka. saMzodhaka ne nirNaya- 15 sAgara presa se saM0 2006 ke Asa pAsa prakAzita saMhitA ke.una pAThoM ko jo vAjasaneya prAtizAkhya ke anuguNa nahIM the, prAtizAkhya ke anukala banA diyaa| ina saMzodhaka mahAnubhAva te svayaM hameM bambaI meM seTha pratApajI zUrajI ke caturveda pArAyaNa yajJa ke avasara para kahA thaa| hameM ukta mahAnubhAva kA nAma smaraNa nahIM hai, aura nA hI unake dvArA 20 parivartita saMskarafa hamAre pAsa hai| ...............! isalie vaidika saMhitAoM ke zodhakArya meM pravRtta vidvAnoM ko prAtizAkhya granthoM se pATha-saMzodhana meM sahAyatA lete hue isa bAta kA dhyAna rakhanA cAhie. ki prAtizAkhya nirdiSTa niyama isI zAkhA ke lie (jisakA ve sampAdana kara rahe haiM) haiM athavA anya zAkhA ke lie| 25 jo vaidika saMhitAoM ke sampAdana meM isa bAta kA vizeSa rUpa se dhyAna nahIM rakhegA, vaha una saMhitAoM ke paramparA prApta pAThoM ko vyAkulita kara degaa| pArSada pAriSada zabda kA artha-parSat aura pariSat donoM zabda 1. hamArA hastalekha, pRSTha 171-182 / /

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366 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa samAnArthaka haiN| donoM kA loka prasiddha artha 'sabhA' hai / parantu pArSada ra pariSada prayogoM kI mUla prakRtiyAM sabhA - sAmAnya kI vAcaka nahIM haiM / inase 'eka caraNavAle vibhinna zAkhAdhyetAoM kI sabhA' kA hI bodha hotA hai|' isalie samAna caraNa kI vibhinna zAkhAeM bhI 5 lakSaNA se paSad athavA pariSad kahI jAtI haiM, aura unake vyAkhyA grantha pArSada athavA pAriSada kahe jAte haiM / 'zrAmnAtaM pariSat tasya zAstram / ' 10 isa lakSaNa ke anusAra pariSat zabda se prAmnAta saMhitA - paThita zabdoM kA nirdeza hai, usakA yaha zAstra hai / yahI artha agale sUtra se bhI dyotita hotA hai 'AsnAtavyamanAmnAtaM prapAThe'smin kvacit padam / chandaso'parimeyatvAt pariSattasya lakSaNam, pariSattasya lakSaNam / arthAt - par3hane yogya zabdoM ko nahIM par3hA isa prapATha ( prAtizAkhya) meM kahIM padoM ko, chandoM ke aparimeya hone se pariSat saMhitA paThita zabda hI usakA lakSaNa hai, arthAt saMhitA ke pATha-sAmarthya se usako vaisA hI smjhe| 15 20 zratharva pArSadokta prartha - pratharva prAtizAkhya ke anta meM pariSat zabda kA artha isa prakAra darzAyA hai 25 artha vizeSa kA kAraNa - pratharva prAtizAkhya meM kie gaye isa artha - vizeSa kA eka viziSTa kAraNa hai / pratharvapArSada kisI zAkhAvizeSa kA hai, aura anya zrArca yAjuSa prAdi prAtizAkhya caraNoM ke haiN| ekaeka caraNa meM kaI-kaI zAkhAeM hone se caraNa samUhAvalambena zAkhAoM kI sabhA rUpa hotA hai / ataH vahAM laukika artha se samAnatA bana jAtI hai / atharvazAkhAtroM meM Arca aura yAjutra zAkhAoMoM ke samAna caraNa vibhAga nahIM hai / isalie use pariSat kA bhinna artha batAnA pdd'aa| 1. samAnaM tulyakAlaM brahmacAritvaM yeSAM ta ime'nyazAkhAdhyAyino'pi sabrahmacAriNaH savaya so'bhivIyante / dra0 - aSTAdhyAyI - zuklayajuH prAtizAkhyormatavimarzaH' zrI paM0 vijayapAla prAcArya kRta pRSTha 10, paM0 13-14; tathA dra0 - 30 hi0 saM0 liTarecara, maiksamUlara, pRSTha 68 /

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prAtizAkhya Adi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA prAtizAkhyoM kA svarUpa prAtizAkhyoM kA sambandha tattat veda ke tattata caraNoM ke sAtha hai, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiM / yahAM hama prAtizAkhyoM ke svarUpa kA varNana unake pratipAdya viSaya kI dRSTi se karate haiN| yAska kA kathana hai ki prAtizAkhya padaprakRtika haiM, arthAt padoM 5 ko prakRti mAnakara saMhitA meM hone vAle viparyayoM kA varNana karate haiN| prAtizAkhyoM ke avalokana se yaha bAta spaSTa pratIta hotI hai ki yAska kA nirdeza sAmAnyarUpa se yukta hai| parantu prAtizAkhyoM meM padoM meM saMhitA ke kAraNa honevAle vikAroM ke atirikta zikSA (varNoccAraNadidyA) kA bhI sUkSma vivecana milatA hai| RkprAti- 10 zAkhya meM varNoccAraNa meM honevAle doSoM kA paryApta sUkSma vivecana upalabdha hotA hai (yaha bhI zikSA kA hI aGga hai)| sambhavataH isI dRSTi se mahAbhASya 1232 meM pataJjali ne likhA hai___ 'yadyeva suhRt kimanyAnyapyevaMjAtIyakAni nopadizati ? kAni punastAni ? sthAnakaraNAnupradAnAni / vyAkaraNaM nAmeyamuttarA vidyaa| 15 to'sau chandaHzAstreSvabhivinIta uplbdhyaadhigntumutshte| arthAt--yadi pANini itanA suhRt hai, to isa prakAra ke anya viSayoM kA upadeza kyoM nahIM karatA ? ve kyA viSaya haiM ? sthAna karaNa anupradAna prAdi / vyAkaraNa nAmavAlI uttarA (agalI) vidyA hai / jo chandaHzAstroM meM zikSita haiM, vaha unakI upalabdhi (jJAna) se 20 jAnane meM samartha haiN| nAgeza ne mahAbhASyapradIpodyota meM chandaHzAstra kA artha prAtizAkhya kiyA hai| RkprAtizAkhya meM zikSA kA viSaya anya prAtizAkhyoM kI apekSA adhika vistRta hai| sAtha hI isameM anya prAtizAkhyoM se vilakSaNa 25 vaidika chandazAstra kA bhI savistAra varNana milatA hai| prAtizAkhyoM meM jahAM saMhitA ke prabhAva se honevAle varNa vA svaraviparyaya kA varNana hai, vahAM padapATha-sambandhI niyamoM kA bhI ullekha 1. padaprakRtiH saMhitA, padaprakRtIni sarvacaraNAnAM pArSadAni / niru01||17||

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368 saMskRta-vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa se milatA hai / padapATha ke pazcAt par3he jAne vAle' kramapATha ke niyamoM kA bhI sAmAnya rUpa se ullekha milatA hai| taittirIya prAtizAkhya meM veda ke jaTApATha kA bhI vivecana upalabdha hotA hai| sAma kA prAtizAkhya phullasUtra athavA puSpasUtra ke nAma se prasiddha hai / yaha prAtizAkhya anya prAtizAkhyoM se vilakSaNa hai| isameM sAmagAna meM honevAle varNavikAroM vA stobhoM kA nirdeza hai| sambhavataH isakA kAraNa sAma se sambaddha honA hI hai| sAmaveda ke RkpATha meM honevAle sAhitika varNavikAra Adi kA nirdeza 'Rktantra' nAmaka grantha meM milatA hai| anya prAtizAkhyoM 10 kI vaiSayika tulanA se yaha prAtizAkhya kahA jA sakatA hai, para prAcIna prAcAryoM ne isako,prAtizAkhya nAma se smaraNa nahIM kiyA hai| sAma prAtizAkhya ke rUpa meM phulla sUtra vA puSpasUtra hI samAdRta hai| isI dRSTi se hamane isa grantha ke dvitIya adhyAya meM prAtizAkhyoM kA ullekha karake pRSTha 73-74 (ca0 saM0)para 'anya vaidika vyAkaraNa' 15 isa upazoSaka ke antargata Rktantra kA tathA etatsata katipaya anya granthoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai| DA0 satyakAma bhAradvAja, jinheM bhAratIya paramarA kA gaharA jJAna nahIM, aura havAI ghor3e para car3hakara apane nUtana anusandhAna ko prakaTa karane meM vizeSa ruci hai aneka asambaddha kalpanAeM karate haiN| hai. unhoMne apane saMskRta vyAkaraNa kA udbhava aura vikAsa' grantha (paSTha 63) meM likhA hai 'mImAMsaka ne ina pUrvokta Rktantra, akSaratantra, sAmatantra, atharva caturadhyAyI (zaunakIya), aura pratijJAsUtrAdi ko 'anya vaidika vyA karaNa' nAma se eka pRthak zIrSaka ke AdhIna rakhA hai| unakI daSTi meM sa prAtizAkhyoM aura ina tantrapanthoM meM racanAgata dRSTi se kucha antara 1. dra0-adhyayanato'viprakRSThAkhyAnAm / aSTAdhyAyI 2 / 4 / 5 kA prasiddha udAharaNa 'padakrapakam' (kaashikaa)| 2. taittirIya prAtizAkhya maisUra saM0 kI katariraGgAcArya likhita bhUmikA pRSTha 6-13 /

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247 prAtizAkhya Adi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 366 hai| saca yaha hai ki Upara nikAle gaye niSkarSoM ke anusAra ye grantha bhI mUlataH prAtizAkhya hI haiN|' varmAjI ne sambhavataH merA grantha manoyoga se nahIM par3hA / yadi par3hA -- hotA, to mere nAma kA nirdeza karake aisA azuddha lekha kabhI nahIM likhate / maiMne to spaSTa likhA hai- . 'prAtizAkhyoM ke atirikta tatsadaza anya nimna nirdiSTa vaidika vyAkaraNa upalabdha haiN|' pRSTha 73 (ca0 saM0) / yahAM maiMne tatsadRza zabda dvArA Rktantra Adi ko prAtizAkhya sadRza grantha hI dhvanita kiyA hai| parantu prAtizAkhyoM ke antargata inakA nirdeza na karane kA pradhAna kAraNa yahI hai ki vaidika-sampradAya meM inheM 10 prAtizAkhya nAma se kahIM smaraNa nahIM kiyA gyaa| yadi varmA jI ko aisA kahIM ullekha milA hotA, to ve usakA nirdeza karake mere mata ko khaNDana visphoTaka rIti se krte| . inakA prAtizAkhyoM meM antarbhAva na karane kA eka kAraNa yaha bhI hai ki prAtizAkhya pRthak-pRthak zAkhAmoM para na likhe jAkara sva-pva- 11 caraNagata sabhI zAkhAoM ko dRSTi meM rakhakara likhe gaye haiN| taba eka caraNa ke aneka prAtizAkhya bhalA kaise ho sakate haiM ? prAtizAkhya aura aindra sampradAya katipaya pAzcAttya evaM paurastya vidvAnoM kA mata hai ki prAtizAkhyoM kA sambandha aindra sampradAya se hai| ve yaha bhI mAnate haiM ki 2. aindra sampradAya prAcya sampradAya hai| ye donoM mata prAyaH kalpanA para Azrita hai kyoMki aindra tantra ke upalabdha na hone se tulanAtmaka rIti se nizcita siddhAnta kI kalpanA nahIM kI jA sktii| kAzakasta tantra aindra sampradAya kA hai, yaha hamArA vicAra bhI kalpanA para hI Azrita hai| prAtizAkhyoM ko aindra sampradAya kA mAnane kA pradhAna hetu yaha diyA jAtA hai ki aindra sampradAya ke kAtantra meM akSara samAmnAya kA pATha nahIM hai, aura prAtizAkhyoM meM bhI akSara samAmnAya kA pATha upadiSTa nahIM hai|

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370 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa hamAre vicAra meM yaha hetu usa samaya diyA jA sakatA thA, jaba aindra vyAkaraNa kA koI bhI sUtra prakAza meM nahIM AyA thaa| para hamane aindra tantra ke do sUtra bar3e parizrama se DhaMr3ha kara prakAzita kiye haiM (dra0-yahI grantha bhAga 1, pRSTha 63-64 c0sN0)| unameM aindra tantra kA 5 Adi sUtra hai-atha varNasamUhaH / isa sUtra ke upalabdha ho jAne para yaha kalpanA svataH samApta ho jAtI hai ki aindra tantra meM akSara-samAmnAya paThita nahIM thaa| sAtha hI yaha bhI vivecanIya hai ki prAtizAkhyo meM se RkprAtizAkhya ke prArambha meM do vargoM meM akSara-samAmnAya upadiSTa hai| isa akSara-samAmnAya ko mUla grantha kA avayava na mAnane para 10 aSTau samAnAkSarANyAditaH (11) sUtraracanA sambhava hI nahIM hai| itanA hI nahIM, vargadvayavRttinirdiSTa akSara samAmnAya krama na mAnane para RkprAtizAkhya meM ukta aneka sUtra samajha meM hI nahIM pA skte| yathA-duspRSTaM tu prAgdhakArAccaturNAm (13 / 10) / isa sUtra meM hakAra se pUrva cAra varNa yaralava vivakSita haiM, unakA isameM ISat-spRSTa / prayatna kahA hai| loka meM za Sa sa ha isa krama se ha sava ke anta meM paThita hai| RkprAtizAkhya ke TIkAkAra uvvaTa ko vargadvayavatti yA to upalabdha nahIM huI, athavA vaha use prAtizAkhya kA bhAga nahIM mAnatA thaa| ata eva usane RkprAtizAkhya meM Azrita akSarasamAmnAya kI upapatti ke lie 113 kI vRtti meM bar3I kliSTa kalpanA kI hai| hamArA vicAra hai ki uvvaTa ko devamitra suta viSNamitra kRta RkprAtizAkhya kI vyAkhyA, jisakA yaha vargadvayavRtti bhAga hai, upalabdha nahIM huii| kyoMki usane apanI TIkA meM viSNumitra kA kahIM ullekha nahIM kiyaa| parantu yaha bhI eka Azcarya kI bAta hai ki viSNumitra kRta RkprAtizAkhya vyAkhyA ke kaI hastalekha Aja bhI vibhinna pustakAlayoM meM surakSita haiN| ___ java prAtizAkhyoM meM RkprAtizAkhya meM akSarasamAmnAya upadiSTa hai taba yaha sAmAnyarUpa se kahanA ki prAtizAkhyoM meM akSarasamAmnAya kA nirdeza nahIM hai, cintya hai / DA0 varmA prabhRti Rktantra ko prAti10 zAkhya hI mAnate haiM, usa Rktantra meM bhI akSarasamAmnAya Adi meM upadiSTa hai|

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prAtizAkhya Adi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 371 ' aindra sampradAya kI kAtantrIya katipaya saMjJAeM prAtizAkhyoM meM upalabdha ho jAtI haiM etAvatA prAtizAkhyoM ko aindra sampradAya kA mAnanA bhI hamAre vicAra se ucita nahIM hai| hAM, yadi kabhI aindra tantra upalabdha ho jAve, vA usake do cAra sau sUtra vA mata uddhRta mila jAveM, taba isa samasyA kA antima rUpa se nirNaya ho sakatA hai| 5. . aba hama veda krama se prAtizAkhyoM ke sambandha meM likhate haiM Rgveda ke prAtizAkhya Rgveda ke pAMca caraNoM ke pAMca prAtizAkhyoM meM se samprati eka prAtizAkhya hI upalabdha hai| isakA saMbandha zAkala caraNa kI saMhitAoM ke sAtha hai / anya prAzvalAyana, bASkala, zAGkAyana prAtizAkhya kevala 10 nAma mAtra se vijJAta haiM / yataH samprati Rgveda-sambandhI eka hI prAtizAkhya upalabdha hai, ataH isake liye loka meM sAmAnyarUpa se RkprAtizAkhya zabda kA hI vyavahAra hotA hai| 1-zaunaka (3000 vi0 pUrva) AcArya zaunaka ne Rgveda ke zAkala caraNa kI zAkhAmoM se saMbaddha / eka prAtizAkhya kA pravacana kiyA hai| yaha samprati RkpArSada athavA RkprAtizAkhya nAma se prasiddha hai| pravaktA-samprati upalabdha RkprAtizAkhya kA pravaktA kulapati = gRhapati' prAcArya zaunaka hai| inheM baDhasiMha bhI kahA jAtA hai| isa prAtizAkhya kA zaunaka pravaktRtva isakI antaraGga parIkSA se bhI 20 spaSTa hai / isa pArSada ke prAcIna vRttikAra viSNumitra ne apanI vRtti .. ke prArambha meM likhA hai'tasmAdAdau tAvacchAstrAvatAra ucyate zaunako gRhapatirve naimiSIyaistu dIkSitaiH / dIkSAsu coditaH prAha sasatre tu dvaadshaahike| iti zAstrAvatAraM smaranti / ' 1. prAcIna paribhASA ke anusAra jo prAcArya 10 sahasra vidyArthiyoM kA anna vastra se bharaNa poSaNa karatA hai, vaha kulapati athavA gRhapati kahAtA hai /

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372 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa arthAt-gRhapati zaunaka ne satra meM dIkSita naimiSAraNyastha muniyoM kI preraNA se dvAdazAha nAmaka satra meM isa zAstra kA pravacana kiyaa| isa prakAra zAstra kA avataraNa pUrvAcAryoM dvArA smaraNa kiyA jAtA hai| viSNumitra ke uparyukta zAstrAvatAra nirdeza se spaSTa hai ki isa pArSada ke pravacana kA itihAsa pUrva vyAkhyAkAra paramparA se smaraNa karate cale A rahe haiN| ataH yaha itihAsa parama prAmANika hai| isameM kisI prakAra kI AzaMkA ko koI sthAna nahIM hai| ___ kAla-kulapati zaunaka ke kAla ke sambandha meM hama isa grantha ke 10 prathama bhAga meM AcArya pANini ke prakaraNa meM (pRSTha 218, 219 ca0 saM0) vistAra se likha cuke haiN| tadanusAra pArSada-pravaktA zaunaka kA kAla sAmAnyatayA bhArata-yuddha (3100 vi0 pUrva) se lekara mahArAja adhisIma ke kAla (bhAratayaddhottara 250 varSa 3850 vi0 pUrva) taka hai / parantu yAska ne apanI taittirIya sarvAnukramaNI meM zaunaka ke 15 prAtizAkhya-nirdiSTa chandomata kA nAmapuraHsara nirdeza kiyA hai| ataH spaSTa hai ki zaunaka ne isa pArSada kA pravacana yAska ke sarvAnukramaNI pravacana se pUrva kiyA thaa| udhara zaunaka ne bhI isa prAtizAkhya meM yAska ke kisI RksambandhI granya se yAskIya mata ko uddhata kiyA hai| mahAbhArata se jJAta hotA hai ki yAska ne nirukta kA pravacana mahAbhArata ke pravacana se pUrva kiyA thaa| isalie zaunaka ke pArSadapravacana kA kAla bhAratayuddha se lagabhaga 100 varSa se adhika uttara nahIM 1. dvAdazinastrayo'STAkSarAzca jagatI jyotiSmatI / sA'pi triSTubiti zaunakaH / chandovicitibhASyakAra pettA zAstrI (hRSIkeza) dvArA uddhRta / dra0 vaidika vAGmaya kA itihAsa, vedoM ke bhASyakAra bhAga, pRSTha 205 para nirdisstt| 25 zaunaka kA ukta mata RkprAti0 1670 meM nirdiSTa hai| 2. na dAzatayyekapadA kAcidastIti vai yAskA / RkprAti0 17 / 42 / 3. stutvA mAM zipiviSTeti yAska RSirudAradhIH / matprasAdAdadho naSTaM niruktamabhijammivAn // zAnti0 342 / 73 //

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prAtizAkhya Adi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 373 mAnA jA sktaa| isa prakAra pArSada-pravacana kA kAla vikrama se 3000 tIna sahasra varSa pUrva rahA hogaa| RkprAtizAkhya kA sAmAnya paricaya-isa prAtizAkhya meM 18 paTala meM chandobaddha sUtra haiN| yaha pArSada anya pArSadoM se kucha vaiziSTya rakhatA hai / anya pArSadoM 5 meM prAyaH sandhi Adi ke niyamoM, pada-pATha tathA krama-pATha ke niyamoM kA hI ullekha rahatA hai| yadi zikSA kA kisI meM varNana milatA bhI hai, to bahuta sAdhAraNa / isa pArSada meM 13 veM 14 veM paTaloM meM vistAra se zikSA kA viSaya varNita hai / 16-18 taka tIna paTaloM meM chandaHzAstra kA vistAra se vidhAna hai| kAzikA 4 / 3 / 106 meM zaunakIyA zikSA kA ullekha hai| yaha zaunakIyA zikSA RkprAtizAkhya antargata 13-14 paTala hI hai, athavA zaunaka ne kisI svatantra zikSA-grantha kA bhI pravacana kiyA thA, yaha ajJAta hai| RSaprAtizAkhya kA prArambha-RkprAtizAkhya kA prArambha kahAM 15 se hotA hai, isa viSaya meM vRttikAra viSNumitra aura bhASyakAra uvvaSTa kA mata-bheda hai| DA0 maMgaladeva zAstrI ke saMskaraNa ke prArambha meM viSNumitrakRta vargadvaya-vRtti chapI hai / isa vRtti ke anusAra ye donoM varga prAtizAkhya ke Adya yavayava haiM / iti varNarAzikramazca (sUtra 10) kI vyAkhyA meM viSNumitra ne vargadvaya antargata varNasamAmnAya athavA varNakrama 20 nirdeza kA prayojana dete hue likhA hai 'varNakramazcAyameva veditavya uktaprakAreNa / vakSyatti-RkArAdayo daza nAminaH svarAH (1065) iti, tathA pareSvakAramojayoH (2 / 18) prokAraM yugmayoH (2016) iti / anyAH sapta tessaamghossaaH(1|11) tathA prathamapaJcamau ca dvA USmaNAm (1 / 36) iti evamAdiSvayaM 25 kramo veditvyH|' (pRSTha 20) / isameM vakSyati kriyA ke nirdeza aura varNakrama kA prayojana batalAnevAle sUtroM ke nirdeza se spaSTa hai ki vRttikAra vargadvaya tathA uttara bhAga kA eka hI kartA mAnatA hai| itanA hI nahIM, vaha punaH likhatA hai

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374 - saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ___ evaM varNasamAmnAyamuktvA tatra laghunopAyena saMjJAparibhASAmyAM zAstre saMvyavahArasiddhi manyamAnaH saMjJAsaMjJisaMbandhArthamAha'--(pRSTha 20) isase bhI yahI dhvanita hotA hai ki jisane vargadvaya meM samAmnAya par3hA, vahI saMjJAsaMjJi-saMvandha batAne ke lie agale sUtroM ko par3hatA hai| uvvaTa ne zAstra kA prArambha 'zikSAchandovyAkaraNaH sAmAnyenoktalakSaNam / tadevamiha zAkhAyAmiti zAstraprayojanam / / zloka se mAnA hai| tadanantara aSTau samAnAkSarANyAditaH Adi saMjJAnidarzaka sUtra kA pATha svIkAra kiyA hai| _____ DA0 maGgaladeva jI ko bhUla-DA0 maGgaladeva jI ne isa zloka ko pArSada kA vacana na samajhakara unvaTa kA vacana svIkAra kara choTe akSaroM meM chApA hai / parantu yaha unakI bhUla hai| ho sakatA hai, unheM yaha bhUla pUrva saMskaraNoM se virAsata meM milI ho / astu, uvvaTa ukta zloka ko pArSada kA aGga mAnatA hai| vaha isake " prArambha meM likhatA hai-kimarthamidamArabhyate arthAt yaha pArSada kisa lie banAyA jA rahA hai ? isake uttara meM ukta zloka par3hakara likhatA hai 'prAtizAkhyaprayojanamanena zlokena ucyte|' arthAt-isa zloka se prAtizAkhya kI racanA kA prayojana 20 batAyA hai ___ isase bhI yahI dhvanita hotA hai ki racanAprayojana kA nirdezaka vacana prAtizAkhya kA aMga hai| itanA hI nahIM, aSTau samAnAkSarANyAditaH sUtra se pUrva vaha likhatA hai 'ukta zAstraprayojanam / prathamapaTale tu saMjJAH paribhASAzcocyante / 25 tdrthmidmaarbhyte-assttau..|' . isa vAkya meM uktam aura ucyante donoM kriyAoM kA eka hI kartA hone para vAkya kA sAmaJjasya banatA hai| anyathA mayA bhASya. kRtA prayojanamuktam, tadarthamidamArabhyate pArSadakRtA aisI kalpanA meM

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prAtizAkhya Adi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 375 mahAn gaurava hotA hai, aura donoM vAkyoM kA paraspara saMbandha nahIM bntaa| aura bhI- uvvaTa ne ukta zloka kI vistRta vyAkhyA karake zAstraprayojana batAte hue likhA hai. 'tathA cAtharvaNaprAtizAsya idameva prayojanamuktam-evamiheti ca 5 vibhASA prAptaM sAmAnyena' (1 / 2) pRSTha 23 / ___ yahAM uvvaTa ne ukta zloka-nirdiSTa prayojana hI zAstra kA mukhya prayojana hai, isakI puSTi ke lie atharva prAtizAkhya kA vacana uddhRta kiyA hai| isase bhI yahI vidita hotA hai ki jaise atharva prAtizAkhya kA prayojana-nirdezaka vacana usakA avayava hai, vaise hI RvapArSada kA 10 prayojana-nirdezaka ukta zloka bhI RvapArSada kA avayava hai| isa vivecanA se spaSTa hai ki uvvaTa ke mata meM prAtizAkhya kA Arambha ukta zloka se hotA hai| viSNumitravRtti meM ukta zloka hai athavA nahIM, hama nahIM kaha skte| kyoMki isa samaya hamAre pAsa viSNumitra kRta pArSadavRtti kA 15 hastalekha nahIM hai / parantu viSNumitra kI vargadvayavRti se hameM sandeha hotA hai ki usake grantha meM yaha zloka nahIM rahA hogaa| isameM nimna hetu haiM (1) viSNumitra vargadvaya ke dvitIya zloka kI avataraNikA meM likhatA hai 20 'evaM zAstrAdau namaskAraM pratijJAM ca kRtvA zAstraprayojanamAhamANDakeya saMhitAM vAyumAha tathAkAza cAraya mAkSavya eva / ' ityaadi| isase spaSTa hai ki viSNumitra ke pArSada grantha meM uvvaTa svIkRta prayojana-bodhaka zloka nahIM thaa| (2) Age vargadvayavRtti ke anta meM punaH likhatA hai'evaM varNasamAmnAyamukta vA tatra laghunopAyena saMjJAparibhASAbhyAM zAstre saMvyavahArasiddhi manyamAnaH saMjJAsaMjJisaMbandhArthamAha - (pRSTha 20) / 25

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376 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa isa lekha se spaSTa hai ki usake pArSada meM iti varNarAzikamazca (vargadvaya 10), aura aSTau samAnAkSarANyAditaH sUtroM ke madhya meM koI vyavadhAyaka vacana nahIM thaa| viSNumitra-vyAkhyAta vargadvaya pArSada ke praGga-viSNu mitra dvArA 5 vyAkhyAta vargadvaya RkprAtizAkhya ke avayava haiN| inameM nirdiSTa varNa sAmAmnAya athavA varga-krama kA upadeza kiye vinA RprAtizAkhya ke uttaravartI kaI sUtroM kA pravacana hI nahIM ho sakatA / uvvaTa, jo ki isa vargadvaya ko prAtizAkhya kA avayava nahIM maantaa| usake sammukha yaha bhayaGkara'bAdhA upasthita haI ki praSTau samAnAkSarANyAditaH Adi / sUtroM meM kisa krama se vargoM kI ginatI kI jAe ? vaha svayaM likhatA __ 'nana kathaM varNasamAmnAyAmanupadizyaiva aSTau samAnAkSarANyAdita (11) iti / upadiSTasya hi vyapadeza evamupapadyate prAdita iti, nAnupadiSTasya / tathA-catvAri saMdhyakSarANyuttarANi (1 / 2) ityuttaravyapadezo naiva ghaTate, pRSTha 25 / arthAt -akSara samAmya kA upadeza kie vinA sUtroM meM prAditaH tathA uttarANi nirdeza upapanna nahIM ho sakatA / isa zaMkA ko upasthita karake usane atyanta kliSTa kalpanAeM kI haiM / yathA20 1-prAcAryapravRttyA kramo'nyathA'numoyate / pRSTha 25 / 2-so'yamAcAryapravRttyA pAThakramo'numIyamAno laukikavarNasamAmnAyasya dvidhApAThaM gamayati / pRSTha 26 / arthAt-prAcArya kI pravRtti se laukika krama se bhinna varNasamAmnAya krama kA anumAna hotA hai / prAcArya kI pravRtti se anumIyamAna pAThakrama batalAtA hai ki laukika varNasamAmnAya kA do prakAra kA krama thaa| uvvaTa ko ye kliSTa kalpanAeM isaliye karanI par3oM ki use viSNu mitra viracita vargadvayavRtti kA jJAna nahIM thaa| zaunaka ke anya granya -prAcArya zaunaka ne RtrAtizAkhya ke 30 atirikta aneka granthoM kA pravacana kiyA thaa| vaidika vAGamaya meM

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2/48 prAtizAkhya Adi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 377 tharva kI zaunaka saMhitA, atharva prAtizAkhya bRhaddevatA, Rgveda ke RSi-devatA chanda- anuvAka Adi se sambaddha daza anukramaNiyAM aura zaunakI zikSA prasiddha haiM / vaidiketara vAG maya meM jyotiSa zAstra aura cikitsA zAstra Adi kA pravacana kiyA thA / jyotiSa sambandhI zaunaka saMhitA kA ullekha zaMkara bAlakRSNa 5 dIkSita ne 'bhAratIya jyotiSa zAstrAcA itihAsa' ke pRSTha 475 meM kiyA hai aura pRSTha 186,482 Ti0, 487 meM zaunaka-mata kA nirdeza milatA hai / cikitsAzAstra samvandhI zaunaka saMhitA kA ullekha vAgbhaTTa ne pradhIte zaunakaH punaH (aSTAGga - hRdaya kalpasthAna 6 / 15) meM kiyA hai| isa para sarvAGgasundarA TIkA meM zaunakastu tantrakRdadhIte- 10 evaM paThati ... ............ / likhakara zaunaka kA pATha uddhRta kiyA hai / zaunakaputra zaunaka kisI vyAkaraNazAstra kA pravaktA thA / isake viSaya meM isa grantha ke a0 3, bhAga 1, pRSTha 141-142 ( ca0 saM0) para likha cuke haiM / vyAkhyAkAra (1) bhASyakAra RkpArSada ke vRttikAra viSNumitra ne svavRtti ke Arambha meM likhA hai 'sUtrabhASyakRtaH sarvAn praNamya zirasA zuciH / ' dakkhana kAleja ke saMgraha meM vartamAna hastalekha (saM0 55.) kA pATha isa prakAra hai 20 'tantrabhASyavidaH sarvAn praNamya prayataH zuciH / ' donoM pAThoM meM se mUlapATha koI bhI ho. donoM se eka hI bAta spaSTa hai ki RkpArSada para kisI prAcArya ne koI bhASya - prantha likhA thA / isa bhASya ke viSaya meM isase adhika hama kucha nahIM jAnate / (2) Atreya 15 viSNumitra kI pArSada-vRtti ke Arambha ke dvitIya zloka kA dakkhana kAleja ke hastalekha kA pATha isa prakAra hai- 25

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378 378 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa tasya vRttiH kRtA yena tam AtreyaM praNamya ca / teSAM prasAdenAsyAhaM svazaktyA vRttimArabhe / / ' isa pATha ke anusAra kisI Atreya ne RkpArSada kI vRtti likhI thii| yaha vRttikAra prAtreya kauna hai, yaha ajJAta hai| eka pAtreya taittirIya prAtizAkhya 5 / 30; 17 / 8, tathA maitrAyaNIya prAtizAkhya 5 / 33; 2 / 5; 6 / 8 meM smRta hai / eka prAtreya taittirIya saMhitA kA padakAra hai| prAtizAkhyoM meM smRta aura taittirIyasaMhitA kA padakAra donoM nizcita rUpa se eka haiM / RkpArSada vRttikAra yadi yahI Atreya ho, to yaha prArSayugIna vyakti hogaa| parantu isa viSaya meM nizcita 10 rUpa se abhI kucha nahIM kaha skte| taittirIya prAtizAkhya 5 / 1 kI vyAkhyA meM tribhASyaratna vyAkhyAkAra somArya ne Atreya kA eka pATha uddhRta kiyA hai| usase vidita hotA hai ki Atreya ne taittirIya prAtizAkhya kI vyAkhyA kI thii| RkprAtizAkhya aura taittirIya prAtizAkhya ke vyAkhyAkAra 15 pAtreyoM ke ekatva kI sambhAvanA adhika hai| Atreya kI eka zikSA bhI hai| isakA eka hastalekha vizvezvarAnanda zodha-saMsthAna hoziyArapura ke saMgraha meM hai / dra0- saMkhyA 4371, pRSTha 300 / (3) viSNumitra viSNumitra ne RkprAtizAkhya para eka uttama vRtti likhI hai| yaha vRtti abhI taka kevala do vargoM para hI mudrita huI hai| isake hastalekha aneka sthAnoM para vidyamAna haiN| isakA kucha aMza zrI paM0 bhagavaddatta jI dehalI ke saMgraha meM bhI hai| paricaya-viSNumitra ne apanI vRtti ke prArambha meM jo paricaya 25 diyA hai, vaha isa prakAra hai 1. dakkhana kAleja kA hastalekha, saMkhyA 55 / 2. yasyAH padakRdAtreyo vRttikArastu kuDinaH / taittirIya kaannddaanukrmnnii| 3. ekasamutthaH prANaH ekaprANaH, tasya bhAvastadbhAvaH, tasmin ityAyamatam / pRTha 162, maisUra saMska0 / 20

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prAtizAkhya Adi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 376 'campAyAM nyavasat pUrva vatsAnAM kulamRddhimat // 5 // devamitra iti khyAtastasmijAto mahAmatiH / savai pAriSade jeSThaH sutastasya mahAtmanaH / / 6 / / nAmnA viSNumitraH sa kumAra iti zasyate // 7 / / isa paricaya ke anusAra viSNumitra kA apara nAma 'kumAra' thaa| 5 isake pitA kA nAma devamitra thA / devamitra pArSada prAtizAkhya jJAtAnoM meM zreSTha thaa| viSNumitra vatsakula kA thaa| yaha kucha pahale campA meM nivAsa karatA thaa| pAThAntara-DA0 maGgaladeva ke saMskaraNa meM devamitra kA vedamitra aura viSNumitra kA viSNuputra pAThAntara upalabdha hote haiN| parantu isa 10 grantha ke jo anya hastalekha haiM, unakI antima puSpikA ke anusAra devamitra aura viSNumitra nAma hI prAmANika haiN| . kAla-viSNumitra kA kAla ajJAta hai| / vRtti kA nAma-viSNumitra kRta pArSadavRtti kA nAma RjvarthA hai| dakkhana kAleja ke hastalekha saMkhyA 56 kA anta kA pATha isa / prakAra hai 'iti devamitrAcAryaputrazrIkumAraviSNumitrAcAryaviracitAyAm RnvarthAyAM pArSadavyAkhyAyAm aSTAdazapaTalaM samAptam / ' isa hastalekha kA lekhana-kAla zaka saM0 1562=vi0 saMvat 1667 hai| vizeSa-isa hastalekha ke patrA 86 kha tathA kucha anya paTaloM ke anta meM vyAkhyAkAra vajraTa putra uvvaTa kA nAma milatA hai| sambhava hai lipikAra ko jina aMzoM para viSNamitra kA grantha na milA hogA, vahAM usane uvvaTa vyAkhyA ko likhakara grantha ko pUrA kiyA hogaa| isa grantha ke prakAzita hone kI mahatI AvazyakatA hai / isa vRtti 25 se aneka rahasyoM ke prakaTa hone kI sambhAvanA hai| .. (4) uvvaTa (saM0 1100 vi0 ke samIpa) : ubvaTa ne RkprAtizAkhya kA bhASya nAma se vyAkhyAna kiyA hai| isakA bhASya aneka sthAnoM se prakAzita ho cukA hai| isameM DA0

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300 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa maGgaladeva kA saMskaraNa yadyapi uttama hai, punarapi isameM abhI pAThasaMzodhana kI mahatI sthiti hai| paricaya-uvvaTa ne prAtizAkhyabhASya meM apane ko Anandapura kA rahanevAlA aura vajraTa kA putra kahA hai| 5 kAla-uvvaTa ne apane yajurveda bhASya ke anta meM bhojarAja ke kAla meM mantrabhASya likhane kA ullekha kiyA hai| bhoja kA rAjyakAla sAmAnyatayA sa0 1075-1110 taka mAnA jAtA hai| deza-vajraTa uvvaTa Adi nAmoM se vidita hotA hai ki yaha kazmIrI brAhmaNa thaa| kAzI ke sarasvatI bhavana ke hastalekha ke anu10 sAra kAzI se mudrita yajurbhASya ke 13 veM adhyAya ke anta meM likhA hai ki yajurveda-bhASya ujjayinI meM likhA gayA hai| yahI bhAva anya hastalekhoM ke pAThoM kA bhI hai| unameM 'avantI' kA nirdeza hai| anya grantha-ubvaTa ne RkprAtizAsya ke atirikta mAdhyandinI saMhitA, zuklayajuHprAtizAkhya aura RksarvAnukramaNI para bhI apane 15 bhASya likhe haiN| (5) satyayazAH RkprAtizAkhya para satyayazAH nAma ke kisI vyakti ne eka vyAkhyA likhI hai| isakA eka hastalekha vizvezvarAnanda zodha saMsthAna hoziyArapura ke saMgraha meM vidyamAna hai| draSTavya-saMkhyA 4131, sUcI20 patra pRSTha 50 / yaha hastalekha pUrNa hai| isameM 204 patre haiN| isakA granthamAna 3500 zloka hai / yaha kerala lipi meM likhA huA hai| isase adhika hama isake viSaya meM kucha nahIM jaante| (6) ajJAtanAma madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha-saMgraha ke sUcIpatra bhAga 5, khaNDa 1vI ke pRSTha 6327, saMkhyA 4301 para vAkyadIpikA nAmnI RkprAti 25 ke 1. RSyAdIMzca namaskRtya pravantyAmubvaTo vasana / mantrANAM kRtavAn bhASyaM mahIM bhoje prazAsati // 2. uvaTena kRtaM bhASya mujjayinyAM sthitena tu|

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prAtizAkhya prAdi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 381 zAkhya vyAkhyA kA eka hastalekha nirdiSTa hai| isake lekhaka kA nAma ajJAta hai / hastalekha pUrNa hai| (7) ajJAtanAma . madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha-saMgraha ke sUcIpatra bhAga 6, khaNDa 1 ke pRSTha 7381, saMkhyA 5346 para eka RkprAtizAkhya-vyAkhyA nirdiSTa 5 hai / isakA udAharaNa-maNDikA nAma se saMketa hai / isI grantha ke tIna hastalekha TriveNDrama ke saMgraha meM bhI haiM / dra0-sUcIpatra bhAga 5 saMkhyA 7, 8, 6 / yahAM inakA nirdeza 'pArSada-vyAkhyA udAharaNa-maNDitA' nAma se hai| isa grantha ke lekhaka kA nAma tathA deza kAla ajJAta hai| (8) pazupatinAtha-zAstrI pazupatinAtha zAstrI ne cintAharaNa zarmA ke sAhAyya se uvvaTabhASya ke AdhAra para RkpArSada kI eka vyAkhyA likhI hai|' yaha 'saMskRta sAhitya pariSad granthamAlA kalakattA' se san 1926 meM prakAzita huI hai| yaha vyAkhyA saMkSipta hai| isameM uvvaTa dvArA asvIkRta prAdya vargadvaya ko (jina para viSNamitra kI TIkA chapI haiM) grantha ke antargata svIkAra kara liyA hai / yaha ucita hI kiyA hai| 2-AzvalAyana (3000 vikrama pUrva) Rgveda kI AzvalAyana zAkhA kA eka prAtizAkhya ananta kI 20 vAjasaneya prAtizAkhya kI TIkA meM nirdiSTa hai / ananta kA pATha isa prakAra hai'nApyAzvalAyanAcAryAdikRtaprAtizAsyasiddhatvam / ' 111 // ananta ke isa pATha se vidita hotA hai ki isa prAtizAsya kA pravaktA AzvalAyana prAcArya hai| 25 1. uvvaTakRtabhASyAnusArinyA vyAkhyayA samalaMkRtya... * / mukhapaSTha /

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382 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ___ yaha prAtizAkhya isa samaya prApta nahIM hai, aura isakA anyatra kahIM ullekha bhI prApta nahIM hotaa| anya kAla-prAcArya prAzvalAyana-prokta nimna grantha prasiddha haiM saMhitA-brAhmaNa -isa saMhitA aura brAhmaNa ke lie paM0 bhagavaddatta 5 jI kRta 'paidika vAGamaya kA itihAsa prathama bhAga' pRSTha 203-206 (dvi0 saM0) taka dekhanA caahie| padapATha-pAzvalAyana padapATha kA eka hastalekha dayAnanda kAleja lAhaura ke saMgraha meM saMkhyA 4136 para nidiSTa hai| dra0 ke0 vA0 kA itihAsa bhAga 1, pRSTha 206 (dvi0 saM0) / 10 zrauta-gRhya-prAzvalAyana zrauta aura gRhya sUtra prasiddha haiN| anukramaNI-pAzvalAyana anukramaNI kA nirdeza atharvavedIya bRhatsarvAnukramaNI ke 11 veM paTala ke prArambha meM upalabdha hotA hai___ OM athAtharvaNe viMzatitamakANDasya sUktasaMkhyA sampradAyAd RSidevatachandAMsyAzvalAyanAnukramAnusAreNAnukramiSyAmaH / / 15 sAmaveda kI naigeyAnukramaNI meM ko'dya (sAma pUrvAcika mantra saM0 341) ke viSaya meM likhA hai'kAyotyAhAzvalAyanaH' / naigeyAnukramaNI pRSTha 14 / ' arthAt-AzvalAyana ne ko'dya RcA ko kAyIka-devatAvAlI kahA hai / yaha RcA Rgveda 1 / 84 / 16 meM bhI hai / ataH naigeya anu20 kramaNI ke pravaktA ne isa RcA kA devatA saMbandhI prAzvalAyana-mata usakI RganukramaNI se hI saMgRhIta kiyA hogaa| kAla-saMhitA brAhmaNa Adi ke pravaktA prAcArya prAzvalAyana kA kAla vi0 pUrva 3100-3000 taka hai| bhagavAna vedavyAsa ne bhArata yaddha se pUrva zAkhAoM kA pravacana kiyA thaa| usake kucha kAla 5 pazcAta hI unake ziSyoM ne sva-sva zAkhA kA pravacana kiyaa| isa prakAra 28 veM vyAsa kRSNadvaipAyana tathA usake ziSya-praziSyoM kA zAkhApravacanakAla vi0 pUrva 3200-3000 taka hai| pAzcAttya vidvAnoM ko bhrAnti -bauddha tripiTakoM meM prAzvalAyana 1. zrI DA0 sItArAma sahagala sampAdita, san 1966 /

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prAtizAkhya Adi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 383 Adi ke nAma aneka sthAnoM para upalabdha hote haiN| unheM dekhakara pAzcAttya vidvAnoM ne bhAratIya ArSa vAGamaya ko arvAkkAlika siddha karane ke lie yaha mata prasArita kiyA hai ki bauddha granthoM meM smRta prAzvalAyana prAdi brAhmaNa hI prAzvalAyana Adi zrautasUtroM aura gRhyasUtroM ke pravaktA haiM / parantu yaha mata sarvathA bhrAnta hai| bauddhoM ke granthoM meM ullikhita AzvalAyana Adi ko zrautagahya Adi kA pravaktA kahIM nahIM likhA / vastutaH bauddha granthoM meM prAcIna bhAratIya paddhati ke anusAra usa kAla meM vidyamAna viziSTa vidvAnoM kA, jo mahAtmA buddha ke samparka meM Ae, unakA gotranAmoM se ullekha kiyA hai| ataH tripiTakoM meM prayakta AzvalAyana Adi nAma gotra-nAma haiM, 10 Adya vyakti ke nahIM haiN| 3-bASkala-pArSada kA pravaktA bASkala caraNa ke prAtizAkhya kA yadyapi pratyakSa nirdeza nahIM milatA, tathApi zAkhAMyana zrauta 12 / 13 / 5 ke varadatta suta AnIya ke bhASya ke eka vacana se usakI atizaya sambhAvanA hotI hai| vaha 15 vacana isa prakAra hai 'upadruto nAma sandhirbASkalAdInAM prasiddhaH / tasyodAharaNam / ' . isameM bASkala caraNa kI zAkhAoM meM nirdiSTa upadruta nAma kI sandhi kA ullekha hai| nizcaya hI isa sandhi kA vidhAna usake prAtizAkhya meM rahA hogaa| 20 isI prakAra zAMkhAyana zrauta 1 / 2 / 5 ke bhASya meM nimna vacana . draSTavya hai 'kintu bASkalAnAmapragRhyaH, tadathaM vacanam / ' : bASkala pArSada ke sambandha meM isase adhika hameM kucha jJAta nahIM hai| 25 4- zAlAyana pArSada kA pravaktA * alavara ke rAjakIya saMgraha meM prAtizAkhya kA eka hastalekha vidyamAna hai| usake anta meM pATha hai

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384 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 'iti prAtizAkhye'STAdaza paTalam / tRtIyo'dhyAyaH samAptAH / sAMkhAyanazAkhAyAM prAtizAkhyaM samAptam / ' ......" dra0-sUcIpatra, granthAGka 17 / pAThanirdezaka khaNDa pRSTha 3 saMkhyA 4 / isa prAtizAkhya ke Adyanta ke pATha se to pratIta hotA hai ki yaha zAkala pArSada hai| parantu antima zloka ke antyacaraNa 'svarga jayatyebhirathAmatatvam // 38 // 7 // ' ke sAtha 38 // 7 saMkhyAvizeSa kA nirdeza hone se sandeha hotA hai ki yaha pArSada zAkala pArSada se kucha bhinnatA rakhatA ho, aura isakA pravacana bhI zaunaka ne hI kiyA ho| vastutaH isa hastalekha kA pUrA pATha milAne para hI kisI nirNaya para 10 pahuMcA jA sakatA hai| 5-kAtyAyana (3000 vikrama pUrva) zukla yajurveda vAjasaneya prAtizAkhya ke pravaktA vedavidyAvicakSaNa .. prAcArya kAtyAyana haiN| yaha prAtizAkhya aneka vyAkhyAnoM sahita upalabdha hai| paricaya - isa prAtizAkhya ke pravaktA prAcArya kAtyAyana vAjasaneya yAjJavalkya ke putra haiN| isa kAtyAyana kA varNana hamane isI grantha ke prathama bhAga pRSTha 322 (ca0 saM0) para vAtikakAra ke prasaMga meM kiyA hai / pAThaka vahIM dekheN| kAla-yAjJavalkya ke sAkSAt putra hone ke kAraNa isa kAtyAyana 20 kA kAla lagabhaga 3000-2600 vi0 pUrva hai| anya grantha- prAcArya kAtyAyana ke nAma se aneka grantha prasiddha haiN| kAtyAyana nAma ke prAcArya bhI aneka haiN| ataH kaunasA grantha kisa kAtyAyana kA hai, yaha kahanA kaThina hai / parantu nimna grantha to avazya hI isI kAtyAyana ke haiM__ saMhitA brAhmaNa-isa kAtyAyana ne paJcadaza vAjasaneya zAkhAoM meM anyatama kAtyAyanI zAkhA aura usake kAtyAyana zatapatha kA pravacana kiyA thaa| kAtyAyana zatapaya ke prathama tIna kANDoM kA eka hastalekha hamane lAhaura ke lAlacanda pustakAlaya ke saMgraha meM dekhA thaa|

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. 246 prAtizAkhya Adi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 385 zrauta-kAtyAyana zrauta prasiddha hI hai| gRhya-kAtyAyana gRhya kA eka hastalekha 'seNTrala pravesI Apha barAra' ke hastalekha sUcI-patra meM nirdiSTa hai| isa gRhya ke tIna hastalekha 'itihAsa saMzodhana maNDala pUnA' ke saMgraha meM vidyamAna haiM / bhaNDArakara prAcyavidyA saMsthAna meM pAraskara gRhya ke nAma se kaI hastalekha 5 aise haiM jo kAtyAyana gahya ke pratIta hote haiN| isa gRhya kA pATha paM0 jeSThArAma bambaI dvArA prakAzita pAraskaragRhya ke sAtha chapA thA, aisA hameM jJAta huA hai / yaha saskaraNa hamAre dekhane meM nahIM aayaa| hamane kAtyAyana gRhya kA aneka kozoM ke AdhAra para sampAdana karake saM0 2040 meM rAmalAla kapUra TrasTa bahAlagar3ha (sonIpata) dvArA 10 chapavAyA hai| svAmI dayAnanda dvArA uddhRta-svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ne saMskAra vidhi ke saM0 1632 ke saMskaraNa meM isa gahya ke aneka lambelambe pATha uddhRta kie haiN| dvitIyavAra saMzodhita saM0 1940 kI saMskAravidhi meM bhI kvacit isa gRhya kA nAmataH ullekha milatA hai| 15 kAtyAyana aura pAraskara gahya ko samAnatA-Rgveda ke jaise zAMkhAyana aura kauSItaki mRhyasUtroM ke pATha prAyaH samAna haiM, usI prakAra kAtyAyana aura pAraskara gRhyasUtroM ke pATha bhI paraspara bahuta samAnatA rakhate haiN| punarapi ina donoM meM paryApta vailakSaNya hai| dharmasUtra -kalpa zAstra ke tIna avayava hote haiM-zrauta, gRhya aura 20 dharma / kAtyAyana ke zrIta aura pRhya to upalabdha haiM, parantu dharmasUtra upalabdha nahIM haiM / kAtyAyana ke nAma se eka smati avazya milatI hai. parantu vaha isa kAtyAyana kRta pratIta nahIM hotii| sambhavataH use kAtyAyana ke dharmasUtra ke AdhAra para kisI ne banAyA ho| ___ inake atirikta aura kauna-kauna se granya isa kAtyAyana ke haiM, 25 yaha kahanA kaThina hai / zrautapariziSTa tathA prAtizAkhya-pariziSTa isI kAtyAyana ke pravacana haiM, athavA anya vyakti ke yaha nirNaya karanA kaThina hai, parantu haiM ye avazya prAcIna / isI prakAra bhrAja nAma ke zloka jinakA pataJjali ne mahAbhASya ke prArambha meM ullekha kiyA hai, ve isI kAtyAyana ke haiM, athavA vAtikakAra kAtyAyana ke, yaha bhI hai, ajJAta hai|

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d saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI para likhe gae vArtika isa kAtyAyana ke putra vararuci kAtyAyana ke haiM / yaha hama isI grantha ke prathama bhAga pRSTha 324-327 (ca0 saM0) para likha cuke haiM / 386 prAtizAkhya- pariziSTa - kAtyAyana prAtizAkhya ke pariziSTa rUpa meM pratijJAsUtra aura bhASikasUtra prasiddha haiM / inake viSaya meM hama svatantra rUpa se Age likheMge | 5 vyAkhyAkAra kAtyAyana prAtizAkhya para aneka vidvAnoM ne vyAkhyAeM likhI haiM / hama nIce unakA nirdeza karate haiM (1) uccaTa (saM0 1100 vi0 ) uvvaTa kRta vAjasaneya prAtizAkhya kI bhASya nAmnI vyAkhyA kaI sthAnoM se prakAzita ho cukI hai / paricaya - ubvaTa ke dezakAla Adi kA paricaya hama RkprAtizAkhya ke vyAkhyAkAroM ke prakaraNa meM pUrva likha cuke haiM / 15 isa TIkA ke saMskaraNa - isa TIkA ke tIna saMskaraNa hamArI dRSTi meM Ae haiM / eka jIvAnanda vidyAsAgara dvArA prakAzita saM0 1950 (san 1883) kA hai / dUsarA yugalakizora sampAdita kazI kA saMskaraNa hai, jo saM0 1964 meM prakAzita huA hai isa saMskaraNa meM pratijJAsUtra, bhASikasUtra, jaTAdivikRtilakSaNa, RgyajuH pariziSTa 20 tathA anuvAkAdhyAya pariziSTa bhI anta meM chape haiN| tRtIya saMskaraNa vi0 veMkaTarAma zarmA dvArA sampAdita madrAsa vizvavidyAlaya se saM0 1961 (san 1934) meM prakAzita huA hai / isameM ananta bhaTTa kI vyAkhyA bhI sAtha meM chapI hai / 25 tInoM bhraSTa - uvvaTabhASya ke tInoM saMskaraNa atyanta bhraSTa haiM / vi. veGkaTarAma zarmA kA saMskaraNa parAne saMskaraNoM se bhI nikRSTa hai| purAne saMskaraNoM meM uvvaTa bhASya meM udAharaNa rUpa se diye gae yAjuSa mantroM ke pate chape the, parantu isa saMkaraNa meM unheM bhI haTAkara sampAdaka ne na jAne kauna sI pragati kI hai / zrAdarza saMskaraNa kI zrAvazyakatA - ukta saMskaraNoM ko dekhate hue

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prAtizAkhya Adi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 387 isa grantha ke vizuddha prAdarza saMskaraNa kI mahatI AvazyakatA hai| isa saMskaraNa ke lie Age nirdiSTa hastalekhoM kA upayoga karanA atyAvazyaka hai| prati prAcIna hastalekha-dakkhana kAleja pUnA ke saMgraha meM uvvaTabhASya ke do ati prAcIna hastalekha haiM / eka saMkhyA 276 kA saM0 5 1538 kA hai aura dUsarA saM0 283 kA saMvat 1563 kA hai| isI saMgraha meM saMkhyA 286 kA eka hastalekha aura hai| yadyapi isa para lekhana-kAla nirdiSTa nahIM hai, tathApi isa meM pRSTha-mAtrAoM kA prayoga hone se yaha hastalekha bhI paryApta prAcIna hai| pRSThamAtrAmoM kA prayoga lagabhaga 400 varSa pUrva nAgarAkSaroM meM hotA thaa| (2) ananta bhaTTa (saM0 1630-1682 vi0 ) ananta bhaTTa viracita prAtizAkhya vyAkhyA madrAsa vizvavidyAlaya kI granthamAlA se nissata vAjasaneya prAtizAkhya meM uvvaTa TIkA ke sAtha chapI hai| paricaya-ananta bhaTTa ne apanI vyAkhyA ke anta meM svaparicaya 15 isa prakAra diyA hai ambA bhAgIrathI yasya nAgadevAtmajaH sudhiiH| tenAnantena racitaM prAtizAkhyasya varNanam // - isa ullekha ke anusAra ananta kI mAtA kA nAma bhAgIrathI pitA kA nAma nAgadeva thA / yaha kANvazAkhA kA anuyAyI thaa| 20 aisA hI paricaya ananta ne apane kANvasaMhitA bhASya meM bhI diyA hai| ananta ke putra kA nAma rAma thaa| isane paJcopAkhyAnasaMgraha nAma grantha saM0 1664 meM likhA thaa|' deza-ananta ne apane grantha kAzI meM likhe haiN| kANvayAjuSa bhASya ke pUnA ke koza ke anta meM lekha hai 25 kAzyAM vAsaH yadA yasya cittaM yasya ramApriye // 8 // vidhAnapArijAta grantha ke anta meM bhI kAzI meM grantha kI pUrti kA ullekha hai| 1. dra0 - iNDiyA Aphisa pustakAlaya mUcIpatra, pRSTha 685 / / /

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388 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 10 kAla-zrI paM0 bhagavaddatta jI ne 'vaidika vAGamaya kA itihAsa' ke vedoM ke bhASyakAra nAmaka bhAga meM pRSTha 100 para ananta kA kAla saM0 1700 ke samIpa likhA hai / punaH pRSTha 102 para likhA hai'kAzIvAsI mahIdhara bhI apane bhASya ko vedadIpa kahatA hai| sambhava hai ananta aura mahIdhara samakAlika hoN|' nizcita kAla-ananta deva viracita vidhAnapArijAta grantha kA eka hastalekha iNDiyA Aphisa landana ke saMgraha meM haiM / ' usake anta meM nimna zloka paThita hai candraccandrAkaleva zuddhaguNabhRcchInAgadevAbhidhaH tasmAcchomadanantadeva prAvirabhavad yadyajjJAnabhaktyAdikedhvanto nAsti guNeSu yasya ca hariH preSTho varIvartate tenAyaM racito vidhAnadiviSadvakSo'thisarvapradaH kAle dvayaSTaSaDekalAMkakamite (?) kAzyAmagAta pUrNatAm / isake antima caraNa meM vidhAnadiviSad vRkSa arthAt vidhAnapAri15 jAta kA racanA kAla saM0 1682 likhA hai / prathama zloka meM 'candrAt' pada zleSa se nAgadeva ke pitA ke nAma kA nirdezaka hai| aisA hamArA vicAra hai| ananta ne pratijJAsUtra pariziSTa 113 kI vyAkhyA meM mahIdhara kA ullekha kiyA hai 'vAjamannaM saninamasyAstIti vAcasaniriti mahIdharAcAryAH mantrabhASye vyAkhyAtavantaH / vAja0 prAti0 kAzI saM0, pRSTha 406 / yaha paMkti mahIdhara ke yajurvedabhASya ke upodghAta meM isa prakAra paThita hai 'vAjasyAnnasya sanirdAnaM yasya sa vaajsniH|' pratijJAsUtra-bhASya kA pATha bhraSTa hai| 25 1. dra0- iNDiyA Aphisa pustakAlaya sUcIpatra bhAga 3 pRSTha 437 saM0 1468 / 2. pratijJAsUtra kA vyAkhyAtA ananta nahIM hai, aisA hamArA vicAra hai| dra0- isI adhyAya meM Age pratijJAsUtra ke prakaraNa meM /

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prAtizAkhya Adi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 386 mahIdhara kA kAla nizcita hai| usane saM0 1645 vi0 meM mantramahodadhi grantha likhA thaa| usane yaha kAla svayaM grantha ke anta meM diyA hai| isa prakAra mahIdhara kA ullekha karane se, vidhAnaparijAta kA lekhana kAla saM0 1682 hone se, aura anantaputra rAma ke paJco- 5 pAkhyAnasaMgraha kA lekhana samaya 1664 nizcita hone se spaSTa hai ki mananta kA kAla vi0 saM0 1630-1660 ke madhya hai| __ vyAkhyA kA nAma-ananta bhaTTa ke prAtizAkhya bhASya kA nAma padArtha-prakAza hai| vyAkhyA kA mahattva-ananta ne apanI vyAkhyA meM kANva saMhitA 10 ke udAharaNa die haiN| isake kANvapAThAnusArI hone se kANva saMhitA aura usake padapATha para isase paryApta prakAza par3atA hai| __ mudrita grantha-ananta ke padArthaprakAza (prAtizAkhyabhASya) kA jo saMskaraNa madrAsa se prakAzita huA hai, vaha atyanta bhraSTa hai| anekatra pATha truTita haiM, bahutra pATha Age pIche ho gaye haiM / grantha ke 15 mahattva ko dekhate hue isake zuddha saMskaraNa kI mahatI AvazyakatA hai| (3) zrIrAma zarmA (saM0 1802 vi0 se pUrva) zrIrAma zarmA nAmaka vyakti ne kAtyAyana prAtizAkhya para jyotsnA nAmnI eka vivRtti likhI thii|" isakA eka hastalekha dakkhana kAleja ke hastalekha-saMgraha meM vidyamAna hai| dekho-sUcIpatra 20 saMkhyA 288 / paricaya-granthakAra ne apanA kucha bhI paricaya nahIM diyA hai| ataH isake vaMza Adi ke viSaya meM hama kucha bhI likhane meM asamartha haiN| kAla-granthakAra dvArA paricaya na dene se isakA kAla bhI 1. mAdhyandinAnusAriNA jyotsnAkhyA vivi (vR)tilaghuH / kriyate 25 sukhabodhArtha mandAnAM rAmazarmaNA // 2 // grnthaarmbhe| 2. isakA eka hastalekha zrI guruvara paM0 bhagavatprasAda mizra prAdhyA0 saM0 vi0 vi0 vArANasI ke saMgraha meM bhI hai|

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360 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa anizcita hai| bAlakRSNa goDaze dvArA saM0 1802 vi0 meM likhI gaI prAtizAkhyapradIpa zikSA meM jyotsnA kA do sthAnoM para nirdeza milatA hai / yathA ka jyotsnAyAM prakAratrayeNa ratha uktaH, sa tatrava draSTavyaH / 5 pRSTha 305 / kha-zeSaM jyotsnAdiSu jJeyam / pRSTha 306 / ina nirdezoM se spaSTa hai ki zrIrAma zarmA praNIta jyotsnA kA kAla vi0 saM0 1802 se pUrvavartI hai| (4) rAma agnihotrI (saM0 1813 vi0) 10 rAma agnihotrI nAmaka kisI vidvAn ne kAtyAyana prAtizAkhya para prAtizAkhyadIpikA nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai| isakA eka hastalekha dakkhana kAleja pUnA ke saMgraha meM hai| isakI saMkhyA 287 hai / paricaya -rAma agnihotrI ne svavyAkhyA ke prArambha meM apanA kucha bhI paricaya nahIM diyA / grantha ke anta meM nimna pATha milatA hai15 iti sadAzivAgnihotrisutarAmAgnihotrikRtA prAtizAkhyadIpikA samAptA / saMkhyA 3.16 / zAkaH SoDazasaptASTabhUyo hariharAtmako / ' isase itanA jJAta hotA hai ki rAma agnihotrI ke pitA kA nAma sadAziva agnihotrI thaa| zrI guruvara bhagavatprasAda vedAcArya prAdhyA0 saM0 vi0 vi0 vArANasI 20 ke saMgraha meM bhI zAke 1706 saM0 1844 vi0 meM likhe kisI hastalekha kI eka pratilipi hai| usake anta ke zlokoM kA pATha atyanta bhraSTa hai / punarapi unase yaha vidita hotA hai ki sadAziva ke pitA kA nAma govinda thA, govinda kA bhAI nasiha thaa| isake pitA kA nAma vAlakRSNa thA, 25 aura gotra parAzara thA / guru kA nAma vaidyanAtha thaa| kAla -pUnA ke hastalekha ke anta meM zaka saM0 1678 arthAt vi0 saM0 1813 kA nirdeza hai / yaha grantharacanA kA kAla hai, athavA pratilipi karane kA yaha ajJAta hai| parantu isase itanA nizcita hai ki ukta grantha saM0 1813 vi0 se uttaravartI nahIM hai|

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prAtizAkhya Adi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 361 ' hama anupada hI sadAziva-tanUjanmA bAlakRSNa viracita prAtizAsyapradIpazikSA kA varNana kreNge| usakA lekhanakAla saM01802 vi0 hai| donoM granthakAroM ke pitA kA samAna nAma hone, tathA donoM kA samAna kAla hone se hamAre vicAra meM bAlakRSNa aura rAma agnihotrI donoM aurasa bhrAtA haiN| rAma agnihotrI ne prAtizAkhyadIpikA ke 5 prArambha meM 'nAnAgranthAn samAlokya uvvttaavikRtaanpi| zikSAzca sampradAyAMzca...... ......... // 2 // zikSAoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai| sambhava hai yahAM zikSA zabda se bAlakRSNa zarmA kRta prAtizAkhyapradIpazikSA kA bhI nirdeza ho| 10 prAtizAkhyapradIpazikSA meM krama vizeSa se prAtizAkhya ke sUtroM kA hI prAdhAnyena vyAkhyAna hai| isa zikSA se prAtizAkhya ke aneka prakaraNoM kA prAzaya acche prakAra spaSTa hotA hai| vizeSa-saMkhyA 3, 4 ke lekhakoM dvArA likhe gaye grantha sIdhe prAtizAkhya ke vyAkhyArUpa nahIM haiM, apitu jaise aSTAdhyAyI para 15 prakriyAnusArI siddhAntakaumudI Adi vyAkhyAnagrantha bane, usI prakAra prAtizAkhya ke bhI ye prakaraNAnusArI vyAkhyAnagrantha haiN| Age nirdizyamAna bAlakRSNa goDaze kA prAtizAkhyapradIpazikSA grantha bhI isI prakAra kA hai| (5) zivarAma (?) saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya' kAzI ke sarasvatI bhavana ke saMgraha meM zuklayajuHprAtizAkhya para zivAsya bhASya kA eka hastalekha hai| hamane san 1934 meM ise dekhA thaa| yaha mahIdhara saMgraha ke 28 veM veSTana meM rakhA huA thA / granthakAra kA nAma sandigdha hai| - sarasvatI bhavana ke adhikAriyoM ne mahIdhara ke kula meM samprati 25 vartamAna vyakti ke ghara se mahIdhara ke sampUrNa saMgraha ko prApta karane kA . . ratutya prayatna kiyA hai / isa saMgraha meM vartamAna sabhI grantha mahIdhara ke kAla ke haiM, athavA inameM uttarottara bhI kucha granthoM kI vRddhi huI hai, yaha kahanA kaThina hai| yadi isa saMgraha ke sabhI grantha mahIdhara ke kAla ke mAna leM, to isa vyAkhyA kA kAla saM0 1640 di0 se pUrvavartI 30

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362 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa hogaa| hamArA anumAna hai ki yaha vyAkhyA zivarAmendra sarasvatI kI hai, jinakA saMnyAsa se pUrva zivarAma-zivarAmacandra nAma thaa| yadi hamArA anumAna ThIka ho, to isakA kAla saM0 1600 vi0 ke lagabhaga hogaa| (6) vivaraNakAra vAjasaneya prAtizAkhya para kisI vidvAn ne eka vivaraNa nAma kI vyAkhyA likhI thii| isakA ullekha pratijJAsUtra ke vyAkhyAtA anantadeva yAjJika ne isa prakAra kiyA hai 'eteSAM svaritabhedAnAM hastapradarzanaM tu 'svaritasva cottaro dezaH '10 pratihaNyate' (4 / 140) iti sUtre prAtizAkhyavivaraNe spaSTam tadyathA - . udAttAdanudAtte tu vAmAyA bhruva prArabhet / udAttAt svaritodAtte kramAddakSiNato nyaset / / 1 / / praNighAtaH prakRSTo nighaatH| nitarAmatitarAM manuSyadAnavad hasto nyubjAparaparyAyaH / keSucid bhedeSu pitRdAnavad iti / ' , yaha pATha prAtizAkhya ke uvvaTa aura ananta bhaTTa ke vyAkhyAna meM nahIM miltaa| isase spaSTa hai ki yaha vivaraNa unake bhASyoM se pRthak hai| __pratijJAsUtra kA vyAkhyAtA nAgadeva suta ananta deva hai, athavA anya yAjJika ananta deva hai, isakA sandeha hone se isa vivaraNa kA 20 kAla bhI sandigdha hai| prAtizAkhyAnusAriNI zikSA katipaya vidvAnoM ne vAjasaneya prAtizAkhya ko dRSTi meM rakhakara kucha zikSA-grantha race haiN| yataH unakA sAmIpyena vA dUrataH prAtizAkhya ke sAtha samvandha hai, ataH hama unakA yahAM nirdeza karate haiM- . 1. bAlakRSNa zarmA (saM0 1802 ki0) bAlakRSNa nomaka vidvAn ne prAtizAkhyapradopazikSA nAma kI 1. isake viSaya meM dekhie 'saM0 vyA0 zAstra kA itihAsa', bhAga 1 pR0 444-446 (ca0 sN0)| 2. drapTavya-pratijJAsUtra ke vyAkhyAtA anantadeva ke prakaraNa meN|

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2/50 prAtizAkhya Adi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 363 . eka zikSA banAyI hai / yaha kAzI se prakAzita zikSAsaMgraha meM chapa cukI hai| paricaya-granthakAra ne zikSA ke prArambha meM apane pitA kA nAma . sadAziva likhA hai, aura anta meM apanA upanAma goDaze batAyA hai| isase vidita hotA hai ki yaha granthakAra mahArASTrIya hai| 5 kAla-bAlakRSNa ne grantha-lekhana-kAla anta meM isa prakAra . likhA hai 'zAke dvayabhrASTabhUmite zubhe vikrmvtsre| mAghe mAsi site pakSe prtipdbhaanuvaasre|' isake anusAra yaha zikSA-grantha vi0 saM0 1802 mAgha zukla / pratipada ravivAra ko pUrNa huaa| vaiziSTaya-isa zikSA meM pradhAnatayA kAtyAyana prAtizAkhya ke sUtroM kI kramavizeSa se vyAkhyA kI hai| isameM prAtizAkhya ke lagabhaga tIna cauthAI sUtra vyAkhyAta haiN| uddhRta grantha vA granthakAra-isa zikSA meM nimna grantha vA grantha- 15 kAra uddhRta haiM yAjJavalkya-pRSTha 210,212,226,234,297 mAdhyandinazizA-pRSTha 215' aujihAyanaka (mAdhyandina matAnusArI)-pRSTha 215 . kAtyAyana zikSA - pRSTha 225, 267 amoghanandinI zikSA-pRSTha 225,282' malla kavi-pRSTha 225 hastasvara-prakriyA-grantha-pRSTha 225 pArAzarIya capalA-pRSTha 261 1. mAdhyandinazikSA ke nAma se yahAM uddhRta zloka mAdhyandina-zikSA ke .. laghu aura bRhata donoM pAThoM meM upalabdha nahIM hotaa| 2. yahAM amoghanandinI ko pratijJAsUtra kI zeSabhUta kahA hai| 3. yaha grantha zikSAsaMgraha meM pRSTha 153-160 taka chapA hai| 4. yahAM 'capalA' zabda kA abhiprAya vicAraNIya hai| pArAzarI zikSA meM pANinIya zikSA kA bhI nirdeza hai / dra0-zikSAsaMgraha, pRSTha 60 / / 30

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10 15 20 364 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa pratijJAsUtra - 282,293 ananta yAjJika - 263 jyotsnA - pRSTha 304,305 2. amareza amareza nAmaka vidvAn ne prAtizAkhyAnusAriNI varNaratnadIpikA zikSA kA praNayana kiyA hai / yaha zikSA kAzI se prakAzita zikSAsaMgraha meM pRSTha 117-127 taka mudrita hai / amareza ne apanA koI paricaya nahIM diyA / prArambha meM kevala apane ko bhAradvAja kula kA kahA hai / vaha likhatA hai -- amareza iti khyAto bhAradvAjakulodvahaH / so'haM zikSAM pravakSyAmi prAtizAkhyAnusAriNIm // isa zikSA meM nimna grantha vA granthakAroM ke mata nirdiSTa haiM - vaiyAkaraNa sammata - pRSTha 124 kAtIya - pRSTha 124 yAjJavalkya - pRSTha 124 vAjasaneyaka mantra - pRSTha 124 gArgyamata - pRSTha 131 mAdhyandina - pRSTha 131 kAtyAyana --- pRSTha 136 6 - taittirIya prAtizAkhyakAra kRSNayajurveda ke taittirIya caraNa se sambaddha eka prAtizAkhya upalabdha hotA hai / yaha taittirIya prAtizAkhya ke nAma se prasiddha hai / 1. vartamAna meM taittirIya saMhitA ke nAma se prasiddha saMhitA vastuta: zrApastambI saMhitA hai / taittirIya caraNa kI anya saMhitAoM kA uccheda ho jAne 25 eka mAtra bacI ApastambI saMhitA kA bhI caraNa nAma se vyavahAra hone laga gayA / isake prAcIna hastalekhoM meM bhI prAya: zrApastambI saMhitA nAma upalabdha hotA hai|

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prAtizAkhya Adi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 365 granthakAra - isa prAtizAkhya kA pravaktA kauna AcArya hai, yaha jJAta hai / kAla - haradatta kRta padamaJjarI bhAga 2, pRSTha 1036 se vidita hotA hai ki yaha prAtizAkhya pANini se pUrvavartI hai / hamAre vicAra meM sabhI prAtizAkhya pANini se prAcIna haiM / hnina ke AkSepa - taittirIya prAtizAkhya tathA isake tribhASyaratna para hnina ne aneka prAkSepa kiye haiM, aneka doSa darzAe haiM / AkSepAM kA samAdhAna - hvini dvArA pradarzita doSoM kA taittirIya prAtizAkhya ke maisUra saMskaraNa ke sampAdaka paNDitaratna kastUri raGgAcArya ne atyanta praur3ha, yuktiyukta aura muMhator3a vistRta uttara 10 diyA hai / - kastUri raGgAcArya kA satsAhasa - Aja se lagabhaga 55 varSaM pUrva pAzcAttya vidvAnoM ke padacihnoM kA anugamana na karake nike AkSepoM kA nirAkaraNa karake prArSamata kI yuktiyuktatA darzAne kA paM0 kastUri raGgAcArya ne adbhuta satsAhasa darzAyA hai / apanI bhUmikA 15 ke anta meM hvini ke upasaMhAra vacana kA nirdeza karake paNDitaratna ne likhA hai ' iti dUSaNaM na kevalaM tribhASyaratnakAraM prati zrapitu sarvAn bhAratIyAn prati ca nigamitaM tadidaM samucitameva bhAratIyajJAna vijJAnakozalAsahiSNunAm iti vijAnantyeva divecakAH / ' arthAt - [ hviTna dvArA darzAyA gayA antima ] dUSaNa kevala tribhASyaratna ke lekhaka ke prati hI nahIM hai, apitu samasta bhAratIyoM ke prati darzAyA hai / bhAratIya jJAna-vijJAna kauzala ke prati asahiSNu pAzcAttyoM ko aisA dUSaNa darzAnA samucita hI hai / 20 25 yadi hamAre navanavodita tathA anusandhAna kSetra meM prasiddha bhAratIya vidvAn pAzcAttya vidvAnoM dvArA jAnabUjha kara anyathA prasArita matoM kA prAMkha mIMcakara andha anusaraNa karane kI pravRtti kA parityAga karake bhAratIya vAG maya kA bhAratIya dRSTikoNa se adhyayana kareM, anusandhAna kareM, to deza aura jAti kA mahAkalyANa ho / parantu durdaiva se Aja bhArata ke svatantra ho jAne para bhI bhAratIya vidvAn pAzcAtyoM kA andha 30

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366 saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa anukaraNa karane meM apanA vyaktigata kalyANa samajhate hue bhAratIya vAGamaya aura deza tathA jAti ke prati jo ghora vidroha kara rahe haiM, usa se bhAratIya na jAne kitane samaya taka pAzcAttya vidvAnoM ke bauddhika pAratantrya-nibaddha bane raheMge / isa mahattvapUrNa prazna para ve 5 vicAra hI nahIM karate / yadi bhAratIya vAG maya ke anusandhAna kSetra meM mahAmahopAdhyAya gaNapati zAstrI, sAmvazAstrI, kastUri raGgAcArya, paM0 bhagavaddatta sadRza pratibhAzAlI vidvAn pAzcAttya managhar3anta kalpanAtroM kA pratikAra na karate, to aneka viSayoM meM bhAratIya prAcIna itihAsa ko gaurava 10 prApta na hotA / vyAkhyAkAra (1) Atreya zrAtreya nAmaka kisI mahAnubhAva ne taittirIya prAtizAkhya para bhASya likhA thA / taittirIya prAtizAkhya kI somayArya kRta tribhASya15 ratna vyAkhyA meM isa bhASyakAra prAtreya kA do sthAnoM para ullekha milatA hai 20 25 1. somayArya apane tribhASyaratna ke prArambha meM likhatA hai'vyAkhyAna prAtizAkhyasya vIkSya vArarucAdikam / kRtaM tribhASyaratnaM yadbhAsate bhUsurapriyam // ' isa zloka meM tribhASyaratna saMjJA se saMketita tIna bhASyoM kA nirdeza karate hue vArarucAdika bhASyoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| vArarucAdika meM prAdi pada se kina bhASyoM kA grahaNa abhipreta hai, isakA nirdeza svayaM vyAkhyAkAra karatA hai 'dyAdipadena Atreya mAhiSeye gRhyate / ' pRSTha 1 / arthAt prAdi pada se prAtreya aura mAhiSeya ke bhASya abhipreta haiM / 2. ekasamutthaH prANaH ekaprANaH, tasya bhAvastadbhAvaH tasmin ityAtreyamatam / pRSTha 163 / isa sthala ke pATha se spaSTa hai ki kisI prAtreya ne taittirIya prAtizAkhya para koI vyAkhyA likhI thI /

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prAtizAsya Adi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 397 kAla-vararuci, Atreya aura mAhiSeya ke bhASya somayArya se prAcIna haiM, itanA usake vacana se vyakta hai / parantu isakA kAla kyA hai, yaha ajJAta hai| somayArya ne yadi vararuci-yAtreya-mAhiSeya nAma kAlakrama se ullikhita kiye hoM, taba to mAnanA hogA ki Atreya vararuci se 5 uttarabhAvI hai / parantu hamArA vicAra hai ki somayArya ne tInoM kA nirdeza kAlakrama se nahIM kiyA hai| aneka pAtreya prAtreya nAmaka aneka prAcArya hue haiN| taittirIya sampradAya meM bhI padakAra Atreya', taittirIya prAtizAkhya 5 // 310; 17, 8 meM smRta Atreya, aura taittirIya prAtizAkhya bhASyakAra prAtreya isa 10 prakAra tIna pAtreya prasiddha haiM / taittirIya prAtizAkhya meM ssRta pAtreya hI prAtizAkhya kA bhASyakAra nahIM ho sakatA, yaha spaSTa hai| padakAra Atreya zAkhApravacanakAla kA vyakti hai, isalie vaha sutarAM ati prAcIna hai| hAM, taittirIya prAtizAkhya meM smRta Atreya padakAra Atreya ho sakatA hai| RpArSada kA vyAkhyAtA pAtreya-eka Atreya RkpArSada kA vyAkhyAtA hai / isakA varNana hama pUrva kara cuke haiM / hamArA vicAra hai ki donoM pArSadoM kA vyAkhyAtA Atreya eka hI hai| mAtreya gotra nAma - Atreya yaha gotra nAma hai| vyAkhyAkAra kA nija nAma ajJAta hai| isa prakAra pArSada vyAkhyAtA pAtreya ke sambandha meM kucha bhI parijJAna na hone se isakA kAla bhI ajJAta hai| (2) vararuci . vararuci viracita prAtizAkhya-vyAkhyAna kA ullekha tribhASyaratna ke kartA somayArya ne za28; 2114.16, 8 / 40; 4119, 20, 25 22; 18,7; 21 / 15 Adi sUtroM ke vyAkhyAna meM kiyA hai| __vararuci kA bhASya sAkSAt anupalabdha hai| isalie isake viSaya . meM yaha bhI jJAta nahIM ki yaha kaunasA vararuci hai| saMskRta vAGmaya meM 1. yasyAH padakRdAtreyo vRttikArastu kuNDinaH / taittirIya kaannddaanukrmnnii| 15

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5 saMskRta vyAkaraNa- zAstra kA itihAsa vArtikakAra vararuci kAtyAyana aura vikramArka - sabhya vararuci prasiddha haiM / 368 20 (3) mAhiSeya mAhiSeya viracita prAtizAkhya madrAsa vizvavidyAlaya kI granthamAlA meM chapa cukA hai / isa bhASya meM sAkSAt kisI prAcArya kA nAma ullikhita nahIM hai | aura nA hI granthakAra ne apanA kucha paricaya diyA hai / isalie isakA deza kAla Adi ajJAta hai / mudrita mAhiSeya bhASya kA koza a0 23, sUtra 15 se a0 24 10 sUtra 3 taka khaNDita hai / ataH ina sUtroM para vaidikabhUSaNa athavA bhUSaNaratna nAmnI vyAkhyA jor3akara grantha ko pUrA kiyA hai / (4) somayArtha somayArya viracita tribhASyaratnavyAkhyA kA maisUra se sundara saMskaraNa prakAzita huA hai / isake sampAdaka paM0 kastUri raGgAcArya 15 ke lekhAnusAra maisUrarAjakIya kozAgAra se upalabdha tAlapatramaya eka hastalekha meM hI nimna padya upalabdha hotA hai - ' 9 'trilocana dhyAna vizuddhakaumudI vinindracetaH kumudaH kalAnidhiH / sa somavAryo vitatAna sammataM vipazcitAM bhASyamidaM subodhakam / / somayArya ne kisa vaMza, deza aura kAla ko apane janma se alaMkRta kiyA, yaha sarvathA ajJAta hai / 1 somayArya dvArA uddhRta granthoM aura granthakAroM meM prAyaH sabhI prAcIna haiM / kevala 18 / 1 meM uddhRta kAlanirNaya - zikSA hI aisI hai, jisake AdhAra para kadAcit somayArya ke kAla kI pUrva sImA nirdhArita kI jA sake | kAlanirNaya - zikSA anantAzrita muktIzvarAcArya 25 kRta hai / muktIzvarAcArya kA bhI kAla yAdi samprati prajJAta hai / gArgya gopAla yajvA ne vaidikAbharaNa meM somayArya ke tribhASyaratna ke pAThoM ko bahudhA uddhRta karake unakA khaNDana kiyA hai / isase 1. maisUra saMskaraNa, bhUmikA pRSTha 16 /

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prAtizAkhya Adi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 366 jJAta hotA hai ki somayArya gArgya gopAla yajvA se prAcIna hai / yaha somArya ke kAla kI uttara sImA hai / isase adhika somayArya ke viSaya meM hameM kucha bhI jJAta nahIM / (5) gArgya gopAla yajvA gArgya gopAla yajvA ne taittirIya pArSada para vaidikAbharaNa nAmnI 5 eka vyAkhyA likhI hai / yaha maisUra ke saMskaraNa meM chapI hai / gArgya gopAla yajvA ne apanA koI paricaya nahIM diyA, isalie isakA sArA itivRtta andhakArAvRta hai / gArgya gotra nAma pratIta hotA hai / yajvA kulopAdhi hai / ataH mUla nAma gopAla itanA hI hai kAla - gArgya gopAla yajvA kA kAla bhI anizcita hai / isake 10 vaidikAbharaNa meM koI bhI aisA grantha athavA granthakAra nirdiSTa nahIM hai, jisake AdhAra para isakA kAla - nirNaya ho sake / isa grantha ke sampAdaka paM0 kastUri raGgAcArya ne gopAla ke kAla- nirNaya ke lie bhUmikA meM jo kucha likhA hai, usakA sAra isa prakAra hai 15 gArgya gopAla yajvA ne vRttaratnAkara kI jJAnadIpa nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai / yaha madrAsa se AndhrAkSaroM meM mudrita huI hai / isameM vadantya - arrer sUtra kI vyAkhyA meM - capalAvaktrasya mathA 'gopAla mizraracite vyAkhyAne jJAnadIpAkhye veda' rahasyamakhilaM vRttAnAM sUribhiH samyak // ' viparIta pathyAvaktrasya yathA 'vedArthatattvavedini gAyeM gopAlamizre'nyaiH / kAryA naiva kadAcana dhIraiH sarvAdhike'sUyA // ' 20 svayaM apane gaurava kA ullekha kiyA hai / isase spaSTa hai ki gArgya 25 gopAla vRttaratnAkara ke karttA bhaTTa kedAra se arvAcIna hai / gArgya gopAla vRttaratnAkara ke vyAkhyAkAra kavi zArdUla zrInAtha se bhI arvAcIna hai| kyoMki upajAti lakSaNa zloka vyAkhyA meM zrInAtha samarthita 'nAnAchandobhaboM ke yoga meM bhI upajAti chanda hotA hai' isa

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400 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa mata kA 'anye tu avate nAnA chandasyAnAmapi vRttAnAM saMkarAdurajAtayo bhavantIti, tadayuktam / ' sandarbha meM gArgya gopAla dvArA zrInAtha mata kA pratyAkhyAna upalabdha hotA hai| zrInAtha kA kAla bhI anirNIta hai| 5. gArya gopAla yajvA viracita bhAradvAjIya pitRmevabhASya sUtra upalabdha hotA hai| isameM loSTa-cayana prakaraNa meM yallAjI nAma ke vidvAna dvArA viracita dharmazAstranibandhokta artha ko uddhRta karake usakA khaNDana kiyA hai / yallAjI kA bhI kAla vivecanIya hai| maisUra se prakAzita prApastamba zrautasUtra ke prathama bhAga kI bhUmikA 50 pRSTha 30 se jJAta hotA hai ki gArya gopAla ne prApastamba kalpa ke pitRmedha kI vyAkhyA kI thii| isa prakAra gArgya gopAla yajvA kA kAla anirNIta hI rahatA hai| anya grantha-gArya gopAla viracita vRttaratnAkara kI jJAnadIpa TIkA, bhAradvAjIya pitRmedha aura ApastambIya pitRmedha sUtra vyAkhyA 15 kA ullekha Upara kiyA jA cukA hai| inake atirikta gArgya gopAla ne svarasampat nAma kA granya bhI likhA thaa| vaidikAbharaNa 14 / 29 meM'prasyArtho'smAbhiH svarasampadi vivRtH|' kA ullekha milatA hai| gopAlakArikA nAma se prasiddha zrautakArikA, aura gopAlasUri nAma se ullikhita baudhAyana sUtragata prAyazcitta sUtra vyAkhyArUpa prAya20 zcittadIpikA isI gopAla yajvA viracita haiM, athavA anyakRta yaha bhI ajJAta hai| (6) vIrarAghava kavi vIrarAghava kavi kRta taittirIya prAtizAkhya kI zabdabrahmavilAsa vyAkhyA kA eka hastalekha madrAsa ke rAjakIya hasta lekha-saMgraha meM vidya25 mAna hai| dra0-sUcIpatra bhAga 3, khaNDa 13, pRSTha 3366, saMkhyA 2450 / isa vyAkhyA meM prAtreya-mAhiSaya-vararuci ke sAtha triratnabhASya aura vaidikAbharaNa bhI uddhRta hai / ataH yaha vyAkhyA vaidikAbharaNa se bhI pIche kI hai|

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prAtizAkhya Adi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 401 (7) bhairavArya taittirIya pArSada para bhairava prArya nAma ke vyakti ne varNakramadarpaNa nAmnI eka vyAkhyA likhI hai / isakA eka hastalekha madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha pustakAlaya ke sUcIpatra bhAga 26, pRSTha 10568, granthAGka 16208 para nirdiSTa hai / isakA prArambhika zloka isa prakAra hai'taittirIyavedasya varNAnAM kramadarpaNam / vamAnabhairavAryeNa bAlopakRtaye kRtam // ' 1 2 / 51 isa grantha aura isake racayitA ke viSaya meM hama isase adhika kucha nahI jAnate / (8) padmanAbha aDiyAra hastalekha saMgraha meM padmanAbha kRta taittirIya prAtizAkhya vivaraNa kA eka hastalekha hai / draSTavya - sUcIpatra bhAga 1 | isake viSaya meM hama isase adhika kucha nahIM jAnate / (6) ajJAtanAma 15 mAhiSeya bhASya ke sampAdaka veGkaTarAma zarmA ne svIya nivedanA meM aDiyAra ke hastalekha saMgraha meM vaidikabhUSaNa athavA bhUSaNaratna nAmnI prAtizAkhya vyAkhyA kA nirdeza kiyA hai / sampAdaka ne isa vyAkhyA hat vaidikAbharaNa se bhI arvAkkAlika batAyA hai / isa vyAkhyA kA kucha aMza mAhiSeya bhASya ke truTita aMza meM mudrita hai / isa grantha ke racayitA kA nAma ajJAta hai / 7 - maitrAya gIya prAtizAkhya maitrAyaNIya caraNa' kA prAtizAkhya isa samaya bhI surakSita hai / 20 1. samprati maitrAyaNI saMhitA ke nAma se prasiddha saMhitA maitrAyaNIya caraNa kI koI viziSTa zAkhA hai / maitrAyaNI caraNa kI zAkhAoM ke vinaSTa ho jAne aura ekamAtra pravaziSTa zAkhA maitrAyaNIya caraNa ke nAma para maitrAyaNI saMhitA ke rUpa meM prasiddha ho gaI / jaise taittirIya caraNa kI ekamAtra avaziSTa zrApastambI zAkhA taittirIya saMhitA nAma se prasiddha hai / 25

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402 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa isa prAtizAkhya kA ullekha zrI paM0 dAmodara sAtavalekara dvArA sampAdita maitrAyaNI zAkhA ke prastAva meM nAsikavAsI zrI paM0 zrIdharazAstrI vAre ne pRSTha 16 para kiyA hai / use dekhakara maiMne apane 'saM0 vyA0 zAstra kA itihAsa ke prathama bhAga ke mudraNakAla meM maitrAyaNIya prAti5 zAkhya ke viSaya meM mAnanIya zrIdharazAstrI vAre ko 12 / 9 / 46 ko eka patra likhaa| usakA Apane jo uttara diyA, vaha isa prakAra haibhAdra. kR. gurau zrIH nAzika zake 1870 kSetrataH santu bhUyAMsi namAMsi / bhAvatkaM 12 / 9 / 48 tanInaM kRpApatraM samupAlabham / prAzayazca vidita: / maitrAyaNosaMhitAprastAve 'prAgnivezyaH 6 / 4, zAMkhAyanaH 2 / 3 / 7, evaM kvacit dve saMkhye kvacicca tisraH saMkhyAH nirdiSTAH santi / so'yaM saMketaH maitrAyaNIyaprAtizAkhyasya pradhyAyakaNDikA-sUtrANAmanukramapratyAyaka iti jJeyam / maitrAyaNIyaM prAtizAkhyaM matsabidhe nAsti, mayA'nyata pAnItamAsIt / mUlamAtrameva vrtte| 15 yadi tatrabhavatA'pekSyate maitrAyaNIyaM prAtizAkhyaM, tahi nimnalikhita sthalasaMketena patravyavahAraM kRtvA prayatno vidheyH| zrI rA0 rA. bhAU sAheba tAtyA sAheba muTe paJcavaTI, nAsika athavA zrI rA0rA0 zaMkara hari jozI abhoNakara ji0 nAsika, tA0 kulavaNa, po0 mu0 abhoNe / etasmin sthAnadvaye maitrAyaNIyaM prAtizAkhyamasti / ete mahAbhAgAstacchAkhIyA eva / tata evAnItaM mayA, kAryanirvAhottaraM prapitaM tebhyaH / evameva kadAcit smartavyo'yaM janaH / kimato'dhikamiti vijnyptiH| bhAvatka: zrIdhara aNNAzAstrI vAre 25 isa patra se spaSTa hai ki patra meM likhe do sthAnoM meM yaha prAti zAkhya vidyamAna hai| maiM abhI taka isakI pratilipi prApta nahIM kara skaa| isa prAtizAkhya ke pravaktA kA nAma ajJAta hai| isameM nimna RSiyoM kA ullekha milatA hai 30 1, dra. --- maitrAyagI saMhitA zrIdharazAstrI likhita prastAva, pRSTha 16 /

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prAtizAkhya Adi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 403 1-aatrey-5||33; 2 / 5; 6 / 8 / -kaannddmaayn-6|1; 2-vaalmiiki-5||38; 216, 30; 2 / 37.. 10-agniveshy-6|4| 3-pauSkarasAdi-5539,40; 2 / 1 / 16; 11-plAkSAyaNa 6 / 62 / 6 / 2 / 5 / 6 / 273 / 4-plaakssi-5|40; 16; 216 / 12-vAtsapra 10 / 23 / 13-agnivezyAyana 2 / 2 / 32 // 5-kaunnddiny-5|40; 2 / 5 / 4 / 2 / 6 / 3; 14-shaaNkhaayn-2|3|6| 2 / 6 / / 6-gautm-5||40|| 15-zaityAyana 2 / 5 / 1, 2 / 5 / 10 7-saaNkRty-8|20|10|22; 6; 2 / 6 / 2, 3 / 2 / 4 / 17 / 16-kohalIyaputra 2 / 5 / 2 / . 8-ukhy-8|21|10|21; 17--bhAradvAja 2 / 5 / 3 / 2 / 4 / 25 // isase adhika hama isa pArSada ke viSaya meM kucha nahIM jaante| --- 8-cArAyaNi AcArya cArAyaNi-prokta cArANIya prAtizAkhya samprati anupalabdha hai / laugAkSigRhyasUtra ke vyAkhyAtA devapAla ne kaNDikA 5 sUtra 1 kI TIkA meM kRccha zabda kI vyAkhyA meM likhA hai... 'kRtasya pApasya chUdanaM vA kRcchamiti nirvacanam / varNalopa- 20 zcachAndasatvAt kRccha (? kRta) zabdasya / tathA ca cArAyaNisUtram'purukRte cchacchyoH ' iti puruzabdaH kRtazabdazca lupyate yathAsaMkhyaM che chre prtH| purucchadanaM puccham, kRtasya cchadanaM vinAzanaM kRcchamiti / bhAga 1, pRSTha 101, 102 / isa uddharaNa se itanA spaSTa hai ki cArAyaNi prAcArya prokta koI 25 lakSaNa-grantha avazya thA, jisameM puccha-kRccha zabdoM kA sAdhutva darzAyA gayA thaa| yaha lakSaNa-granya pArSada rUpa thA, athavA vyAkaraNarUpa thA, yaha kaha sakanA kaThina hai|

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404 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa cArAyaNIya zikSA kazmIra se prApta huI thii| isakA ullekha adhyApaka kIlahAna ne iNDiyA eNTIkverI julAI san 1876 meM kiyA hai| ___cArAyaNi kA hI nAmAntara cArAyaNa bhI hai| kAzakRtsna aura kAzakRtsni ke samAna athavA pANina aura pANini ke samAna cArAyaNa aura cArAyaNi meM bhI aN aura ina donoM pratyaya dekhe jAte haiN| cArAyaNa ke viSaya meM isa grantha ke prathama bhAga pRSTha 113-115 (ca0 saM0) taka vistAra se likha cuke haiN| 6-sAyaprAtizAkhya-pravaktA sAmaveda kA prAtizAkhya puSpasUtra athavA phullasUtra' ke nAma se prasiddha hai| puSpasUtra kA pravaktA-haradatta ne sAmavedIya sarvAnukramaNI meM likhA hai sUtrakAraM vararuci vande pANiJca vedhasam / phullasUtravidhAnena khaNDaprapAThakAni ca // ' arthAt phullasUtra kA vidhAtA sUtrakAra vararuci hai| Age punaH likhA hai 'vande vararuci nityamUhAbdheH pAradRzvanam / poto ninirmito yena phullasUtrazatairalam // ' pRSTha 7 / arthAt UhagAnarUpI samudra ke pAradRzvA vararuci ne phullasUtra kI racanA kii| yaha vararuci kauna hai, yaha vicAraNIya hai / adhika sambhAvanA yahI hai ki yaha yAjJavalkya kA pautra kAtyAyana kA putra phulla-sUtrakAra vararuci ho| 25 Apizali-prokta-dhAtuvRtti ( maisUra saMskaraNa ) ke sampAdaka 1. dra0 - prAge udhriyamANa haradattavacana / 20

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prAtizAkhya Adi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 405 mahAdeva zAstrI ne bhUmikA meM sAmaprAtizAkhya ko prApizali viracita mAnA hai| yaha pramANAbhAva se cintya hai| ___paM0 satyavrata sAmazramI ne svasaMpAdita puSpasUtra kI bhUmikA meM likhA hai_ 'etasyaiva tArtIyakaM sUtramekamavalambyAracitaM mImAMsAdarzananavamA- 5 dhyAyanavamAdhikaraNam / tathA coktam adhikaraNamAlAyAmapi-tathA ca sAmagA pAhuH-vRddhaM tAlavyamAi bhavati iti|' arthAt-isa puSpasUtra ke tRtIya adhyAya ke eka sUtra kA avalambana karake jaimini ne mImAMsAdarzana ke navamAdhyAya kA navamAdhikaraNa racA hai| jaisA ki adhikaraNamAlA meM kahA hai- jaisA ki sAmagAna 10 karanevAle prAcArya kahate haiM-vRddha tAlavya Ai hotA hai| adhikaraNamAlA meM jisa sUtra kA saMketa kiyA hai, vaha puSpasUtra 3 / 1 isa prakAra hai- 'tAlavyamAthi yad vRddham avRddha prkRtyaa|' paM0 satyavratasAmazramI ke isa lekha se vidita hotA hai ki puSpasUtra jaimini se pUrvavartI hai| puSpasUtra ke do pATha-puSpasUtra ke upAdhyAya ajAtazatru ke bhASya se pratIta hotA hai ki puSpasUtra ke do prakAra ke pATha haiN| eka pATha vaha hai, jisa para upAdhyAya ajAtazatru kA bhASya hai / aura dUsarA pATha vaha hai jisameM prArambha ke ve cAra prapAThaka bhI sammilita haiM, jina para ajAtazatru kI vyAkhyA nahIM hai| 20 upAdhyAya ajAtazatra kA pATha-puSpasUtra para upAdhyAya ajAtazatra kA bhASya kAzI se prakAzita huA hai| kAzI saMskaraNa meM prapAThaka 1-4 taka ajAtazatru kA bhASya nahIM hai| bhASya kA AraMbha paMcama prapAThaka se hotA hai| ajAtazatru ke paMcama prapAThaka ke bhASya ke prArambha meM maMgalAcaraNa 25 upalabdha hotA hai / agale kinhIM prapAThakoM ke bhASya ke prArambha meM maMgalAcaraNa nahIM hai / isase spaSTa hai ki ajAtazatru kA bhASya yahIM se AraMbha hotA hai / aura usake puSpasUtra ke pATha kA AraMbha bhI vartamAna meM mudrita paJcama prapAThaka se hotA hai / isa bAta kI puSTi paJcama

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406 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa SaSTha saptama prapAThakoM kI pratyeka kaNDikA ke anta ke pATha se hotI hai / yathA paJcama prapAThaka kI pratyeka kaNDikA ke anta meM pATha hai 'iti upAdhyAyAjAtazatrakRte puSpasUtrabhASye prathamasya prathamo 5 (dvitIyA-tRtIyA-caturthI-dvAdazI) kaNDikA smaaptaa|' SaSTha prapAThaka kI pratyeka kaNDikA ke anta meM - 'iti upAdhyAjAtazatrukRte puSpasUtrabhAdhye dvitIyasya prathamo (-dvAdazI) kaNDikA smaaptaa|' saptama prapAThaka kI pratyeka kaNDikA ke anta meM'iti"bhASye tRtIyasya prathamo (-dvAdazI) kaNDikA smaaptaa|' isI prakAra aSTama prapAThaka kI prathama kaNDikA ke anta meM 'iti "puSpasUtrabhASye caturthasya prathamakaNDikA smaaptaa|' pATha milatA hai parantu agalI kaNDikA ke anta se caturthasya ke sthAna meM aSTamasya pATha prArambha meM ho jAtA hai| pratIta hotA hai ki itanA bhAga mudrita ho jAne para sampAdaka ko dhyAna AyA hogA ki pratipRSTha Upara to paMcamaH SaSThaH saptamaH aSTamaH chapa rahA hai, aura bhASya meM prathama dvitIyasya tRtIyasya caturthasya chapa rahA hai| isa virodha kA parihAra karane ke lie sampAdaka ne Age sarvatra bhAjyapATha meM mUlapAThavat prapAThaka kA nirdeza kara diyA hai| ina uddharaNoM se spaSTa hai ki ajAtazatru ke aAdhArabhUta grantha kA pATha mudrita puSpasUtra ke paJcama prapAThaka se prArambha hotA hai| vyAkhyAkAra upAdhyAya ajAtazatru kI vyAkhyA ke avalokana se vidita hotA hai ki usase pUrva puSpasUtra para kaI vyAkhyAe likhI jA cukI thIM / 15 mA 25 yathA (1) bhASyakAra ajAtazatru dazama prapAThaka kI saptamI kaNDikA kI vyAkhyA meM likhatA hai-'ucyate / satyaM na prApnoti / kiM tahi ? bhASyakAreNa akAracodyana prApitam / ' pRSTha 239 /

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prAtizAkhya Adi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA isase spaSTa hai ki ajAtazatru se pUrva puSpasUtra para kisI ajJAta - nAmA vidvAn ne koI bhASya grantha likhA thA / (2) anye zabdodAhRta 407 ajAtazatru ne navama prapAThaka kI aSTama kaNDikA ke bhASya meM likhA hai 'anye punarihApi eka iti zradhikAra manusArayanti / pRSTha 220 / yahA anye pada se saMketita yadi pUrva-nirdiSTa bhASyakAra na hoM, to nizcaya hI koI anya vyAkhyAkAra abhipreta hogA / hamAre vicAra meM to jisa DhaMga se anya zabda kA, aura vaha bhI vahuvacana meM prayoga kiyA hai, usase pratIta hotA hai ki ajAtazatru ke sammukha puSpasUtra kI kaI vyAkhyAeM thIM, jinameM kucha vyAkhyAkAroM ne ke pada kI pravRtti mAnI thI, kucha ne nahIM mAnI thI / 10 (3) upAdhyAya ajAtazatru upAdhyAya zrajAtazatru kRta puSpasUtra bhASya kAzI se chapa cukA hai / isakA ullekha haradattaviracita sAmavedasarvAnukramaNI meM bhI milatA hai-- 15 'bhASyakAraM bhaTTapUrvamupAdhyAyamahaM sadA / Rktantra pariziSTa' pRSTha 4 / yahAM smRta bhaTTa upAdhyAya sambhavataH upAdhyAya ajAtazatru hI hai / isase adhika upAdhyAya ajAtazatru ke viSaya meM hama kucha nahIM jAnate / (4) rAmakRSNa dIkSita sUri sAmaveda kI sarvAnukramaNI ke lekhaka haradatta ne puSpasUtra ke prakaraNa ke anta meM punaH likhA hai 1. DA0 sUryakAnta sampAdita / 20 idaM phullasya sUtrasya bRhadbhASyaM hi yatkRtam / nAnAbhASyAsyayA rAmakRSNa dIkSitasUribhiH // ' Rktantra pari0 25 pRSTha 7 /

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408 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA zetahAsa isase vidita hotA hai ki rAmakRSNadIkSita sUri ne phullasUtra para nAnAbhASya nAmaka bRhadbhASya likhA thaa| isase adhika isake viSaya meM hameM kucha jJAta nhiiN| samprati puSpasUtra para ajAtazatru kA bhASya hI upalabdha hai| 10-atharvapArSada-pravaktA atharvaveda se sambandha rakhanevAle do grantha haiM-eka prAtizAkhya, aura dUsarA zaunakIya caturadhyAyI athavA kautsa vyAkaraNa / atharva prAtizAkhya ke bhI do pATha haiN| eka-paM0 vizvabandhu zAstrI sampAdita, dUsarA-DA0 sUryakAnta sampAdita / donoM pAThoM ke prakAza meM A jAne 10 para prathama pATha kA vyavahAra laghupATha ke nAma se, aura dvitIya kA bRhatpATha ke nAma se kiyA jAtA hai| zaukanIya caturadhyAyI ke sambanya meM hama Age likheNge| pravaktA-atharva prAtizAkhya kA pravaktA kauna AcArya hai, yaha kahanA kaThina hai| kyoMki donoM pAThoM ke anta meM pravaktA ke nAma kA 15 ullekha nahIM miltaa| kAla-DA0 sUryakAnta jI ne svasampAdita prAtizAkhya kI bhUmikA meM isake kAla-nirdhAraNa ke viSaya meM vistAra se likhA hai| usakA Azaya saMkSepa se isa prakAra hai 'kAtyAyana ne pANini ke 6 / 3 / 8 para prAtmanebhASA aura parasmai20 bhASA rUpa banAe haiM / atharva prAtizAkhya sUtra 223 meM prAtmanebhASA aura parasmaibhASA zabda prayukta haiN| kAtantra meM parasmai aura Atmane kA prayoga bhI milatA hai / kAtyAyana ne adyatanI aura zvastanI kA prayoga kiyA hai| kAtantra meM inake atirikta laGa ke lie zastanI kA prayoga bhI hotA hai| atharva prAtizAkhya meM adyatanI ( sUtra 78) hyastanI (sUtra 167) zabdoM kA prayoga milatA hai| kAtantra 3 / 1 / 14 bhUtakaraNavatpazca meM bhUtakaraNa kA prayoga upalabdha hotA hai| usI artha meM atharvaprAtizAkhya (sUtra 467) meM bhUtakara kA nirdeza milatA hai| ataH atharva prAtizAkhya kA samaya pANini ke pazcAt aura pataJjali se pahale hai / ' dra0-bhUmikA pRSTha 63-64 /

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2 / 52 prAtizAkhya Adi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA zrAlocanA - pANinIya sUtra 6 / 38 para kAtyAyana ke vArtika dvArA zrAtmanebhASA aura parasmaibhASA padoM ke sAdhutva kA nirdeza hone se yaha kathamapi siddha nahIM hotA ki ye zabda pANini se pUrva vyavahRta nahIM the, usake pazcAt hI vyavahAra meM Aye / isIlie kAtyAyana ko inakA nirdeza karane ke lie vArtika banAnA par3A / vAstavikatA to 5 yaha hai ki zrAtmanebhASA parasmaibhASA zabda prAkpANinIya haiM / pANinIya dhAtupATha meM inakA prayoga milatA hai / yathA 406 'bhU sattAyAm udAttaH parasmaibhASaH / ' isa para dhAtupradIpakAra maitreya rakSita likhatA hai 'parasmaibhASA iti parasmaipadinaH pUrvAcAryasaMjJA / ' pRSTha 2 | sAyaNa bhI dhAtuvRtti meM likhatA hai - 'parasmaibhASA - parasmaipadItyartha / ' pRSTha 2 / itanA hI nahIM, jo loga kAtyAyanIya vArtikoM meM nirdiSTa prayogoM ko uttarapANinIya mAnate haiM, ve mahatI bhUla karate haiM / hamane isa bhUla 10 1 ke nidarzana ke lie isI grantha ke prathama bhAga pRSTha 47, 49 ( ca0 15 saM0) para eka udAharaNa diyA hai / pANini ke cakSiGaH khyA (21 454) sUtra para kAtyAyana kA vArtika hai - cakSiGa: kyA isa vArtika meM cakSiG ke sthAna para pANininirdiSTa khyAtra pradeza ke sAtha kzAJa Adeza kA bhI vidhAna kiyA hai / yadi Adhunika zAstrarahasya- anabhijJa logoM kI bAta mAnI jAe, to kahAM jAegA ki kzA ke rUpa pANini ye pUrvaM athavA pANini ke samaya prayukta nahIM hote the / pIche se prayukta hone lage, to kAtyAyana ko pANinIya sUtra 20 25. meM sudhAra karanA par3A / parantu yaha hai sarvathA zuddha / pANini se sarvasammati se pUrvakAlika svIkAra kI jAnevAlI maitrAyaNI saMhitA meM khyAtra ke prasaGga meM sarvatra vazAtra ke prayoga milate haiM / kAThaka meM bhI ubhayathA prayoga upalabdha hote haiM to kyA ye saMhitAeM bhI pANini se uttarakAlIna haiM ? isalie jo bhI vidvAn kAtyAyana aura pataJjali ke prayogoM ko dekhakara unheM uttarakAlIna mAnate haiM, aura usI ke AdhAra para itihAsa kI kalpanA karate haiM, ve svayaM dhokhe meM rahate haiM / aura apanI zAstrIya kalpanAoM se zAstrasammata siddhAnta aura 30

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410 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 10 paramparAprApta satya itihAsa kA galA ghoMTa kara ajJAna kA prasAra karate haiN| pANinIya tantra meM pANini dvArA anirdiSTa tathA kAtyAyana aura pataJjali dvArA nirdiSTa zatazaH aise prayoga haiM, jinakA sAdhutva prAcIna 5 vyAkaraNoM meM upalabdha hai, athavA prAcIna vAGmaya meM ve usI rUpa meM vyavahRta haiM / isakI vizeSa mImAMsA hamane apane apANanIyapadasAdhutvamImAMsA' grantha meM kI hai (yaha abhI aprakAzita hai)| do pATha-atharvapArSada ke laghu aura bRhad do prakAra ke pATha upalabdha hote haiM / ina donoM pAThoM kI vistRta tulanA karake DA0 sUryakAnta jI ne likhA hai ki laghu pATha bRhat pATha se uttarakAlIna hai| unakA yaha mata sambhavataH ThIka hI hai| unakI etadviSayaka yuktiyAM paryApta balavatI haiM / isa viSaya para adhika unakI bhUmikA meM hI dekheN| zAkhA-sambandha-DA0 sUryakAnta jI ne atharva prAtizAkhya tathA zaunakIya caturadhyAyI ke niyamoM kI rAtha viTanI tathA zaMkara pANDu15 raGga dvArA sampAdita atharva saMhitAoM ke sAtha tulanA karake yaha pari NAma nikAlA hai ki zaGkara pANDuraGga dvArA saMgRhIta hastalekha atharva prAtizAkhya ke niyamoM kA anusaraNa karate haiM, zaunakIya caturadhyAyI ke niyamoM kA anusaraNa nahIM krte| isalie zaGkara pANDuraGga ke hastalekha zaunaka zAkhA ke nahIM the| rAtha-hviTanI kA pATha zaunakIya caturadhyAyI ke anusAra hai| donoM prakAra kI saMhitAoM meM atisvalpabheda hone ke kAraNa donoM ke hastalekhoM kA mizraNa ho gayA hai| zaukanIya atharva saMhitA para bhAvI kArya karanevAloM ko isa bAta kA vizeSa dhyAna rakhanA caahie| pArSada caturadhyAyI se uttaravartI-DA0 sUryakAnta jI kA yaha bhI 25 mata hai ki atharva prAtizAkhya zaukanIya caturadhyAyI se uttaravartI hai| hama abhI nizcita rUpa se isa viSaya meM kucha nahIM kaha skte| bRhatpATha kA saMskaraNa-pArSada ke bRhatpATha kA jo saMskaraNa DA0 1. isakA saMkSipta rUpa 'prAdibhASAyAM prayujyamAnAnAmapANinIyaprayogANAM sAdhutvavivecanama' nAma se 'vedavANI' (mAsika patrikA, rAmalAla kapUra TrasTa 30 bahAlagar3ha) ke varSa 14 aMka 1, 2, 4, 5 meM chapa cukA hai|

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prAtizAkhya Adi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 411 sUryakAnta jI ne prakAzita kiyA hai, vaha unake atyadhika prayatna kA phala hai, isameM kisI kI vimati nahIM ho sakatI tathApi usake pAThoM meM saMzodhana kI paryApta AvazyakatA hai / udAharaNArtha hama do sthala upasthita karate haiM-- 5 ( 1 ) - sUtra saMkhyA 173 kA DA0 sUryakAnta sampAdita pATha isa prakAra hai 'khyAtau zvayau zuzukhIti bo dhau zuceH / ' isakA zuddha pATha honA cAhie 'khyAtau khayau zuzugdhIti gadhau zuceH / ' sUtra kA artha hai -khyA dhAtu ke prayogoM meM kha-ya kA saMyoga hotA 10 hai, aura zuca ke zuzugdhi meM gandha kA saMyoga / isa artha kI puSTi pArSada ke agale pATha meM nirdiSTa udAharaNoM se hotI hai / DA0 sUryakAnta ke pATha kA koI artha nahIM banatA / paM0 vizvabandhu jI sampAdita laghupATha meM isa sUtra kA pATha - khyAtau khayau zuzuSIti bAdhau zuceH kucha aMza meM ( zvayau = khayau ) zuddha hai / 2- pRSTha 4 para 'AbAdha' ke udAharaNoM meM 'zAkhAntare'pi tannastapa uta satya ca vettu-tam / naH / akArAntaM puMsi vacanam / napuMsakaM takArAntaM zaunake / ' yahAM akArAnta ke sthAna para makArAnta pATha honA zAhiye / 20 hamAre dvArA sujhAe saMzodhana kI puSTi sUtra saMkhyA 1408 ke tannastapa ........ SaN makArAntAni nakArAbAdhe pATha se hotI hai / isa pATha meM tannastapa meM tam makArAnta pATha darzAyA hai / ' zranyathA saMzodhana - DA0 sUryakAnta jI ke saMskaraNa meM katipaya sthala aise bhI haiM, jinameM hastalekhoM kA pATha anyathA hote hue bhI DAkTara jI ne mudrita atharvasaMhitAoM ke pAThoM ke AdhAra para hastalekhoM 25 ke pATha parivartita kara die| yathA 1 - - sUtra saMkhyA 58 kA pATha hai ...... 15 " pazcAt pRdAkavaH sahasrAkSaraM pra puro ni pazcAcci tirA......| '

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412 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa yahAM sUtra pATha meM donoM sthAnoM para pazcAt pATha hai| parantu inake jo udAharaNa chape haiM, unameM ime pazcA pRdAkavaH-pazcA / 10 / 4 / 11 // sahasrAkSaraM pra puro ni pshcaa-pshcaa| 10 / 8 / 7; 11 // 4 // 22 // pazcA pATha hai| parantu DAkTara jI ke hastalekha meM donoM sthAnoM meM pazcAt pATha hI hai, isakA nirdeza unhoMne svayaM kiyA hai| samajha meM nahIM AtA ki hastalekha meM sUtra aura udAharaNa donoM meM pazcAt eka jaisA hI hone para bhI sUtra meM pazcAt aura udAharaNoM meM pazcA pATha dekara vaiSamya kyoM utpanna kara diyA ? 2-isI prakAra sUtra saMkhyA 114 kA pATha hai'vizvamanyAmabhIvAra jAgarat pravizivasamityabhyAsasyApavAdaH / ' isa pATha meM jAgarat pATha mAnA hai / parantu udAharaNa'na brAhmaNasya gAM jagdhvA rASTra jAgAra kshcn| // 19 // 10 // meM jAgAra pATha banA diyA, jabaki unake hastalekha meM jAgarat 15 pATha udAharaNa meM bhI vidyamAna hai| . isI prakAra anyatra bhI bahutra DAkTara jI ne mUla koSa ke pAThoM ko badala kara mudrita saMhitAnusArI banAyA hai| yaha kArya azAstrIya hai| Azcarya to isa bAta kA hai ki DAkTara jI ne sUtrapATha ko to hastalekhAnusAra rahane diyA, kintu udAharaNa pATha meM parivartana kara 20 diyaa| isase donoM meM jo vaiSamya unake dvArA utpanna ho gayA, usa para dhyAna nahIM diyaa| hamArA vicAra hai ki atharva prAtizAkhya kI mUla saMhitA na zaMkara pANDuraGgavAlI hai, aura nA hI raath-hvittniivaalii| yaha kisI anya saMhitA kA hI pratinidhitva karatI hai / paM0 vizvabandhu jI kI bhala-paM0 vizvabandhu jI ne apane laghupATha ke saMskaraNa kI bhUmikA meM devatAdvandvAna cAnAmantritAni 112 / 48 sUtra ko uddhRta karake likhA hai The Provision makes for a deficiency even in Panini. pRSTha 34 /

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prAtizAkhya Adi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA .413 arthAt-yaha vidhAna pANini kI nyUnatA kI pUrti kara detA hai| yahAM zrI paM0 vizvabandhu jI kA abhiprAya hai ki pANini ne devatAdvandve ca (6 / 2 / 141) sUtra meM ubhayapada prakRtisvara kA vidhAna karate huye Amantrita devatAdvandva kA niSedha nahIM kiyA, isalie Amatrita devatAdvandva meM bhI ubhayapada prakRtisvara kI prApti hogii| prAti- 5 zAkhyakAra ne anAmantritAni pada dvArA usakA niSedha karake pANini kI truTi kI pUrti kI hai| vastutaH atharva prAtizAkhya kA ukta niyama pANinIya vidhAna kI pUrti nahIM karatA / zrI paM0 vizvabandha jI ne pANinIya tantra ke etadviSayaka paurvAparyakrama ko bhalI prakAra hRdayaMgama nahIM kiyaa| ataH 10 Apako pANinIya zAstra meM yaha nyUnatA pratIta huI / vastutaH pANinIya tantra kI vyavasthA ke anusAra devatAdvandva ke bhI Amantrita hone para do sthAnoM meM par3ha Amantritasya ca (61196; 81119) sUtroM dvArA ubhayapada prakRtasvara ko bAdhakara yathAyogya Amantrita svara kI prApti ho jAtI hai| punaH paM0 vizvabandhu jI likhate haiM Reserving further elaboration of this interesting, though thorny, of comparative study of this literature for the subsequent instalment of this work, this mech.may be safely stated that our Pratisha- 20 khya depends to a considerable extent for its material on other kindred works and that, though indebted to old grammarians, does not bear the stamp of Panini. pRSTha 34 / artha-isa sAhitya ke tulanAtmaka adhyayana ke isa rocaka, kintu 25 tIkhe viSaya ke aura adhika vistAra ko isa grantha kI AgAmI kista ke lie surakSita rakhate hue, itanA to kahA hI jA sakatA hai ki hamArA prAtizAkhya apanI sAmagrI ke lie vicAraNIya sImA taka anya sajAtIya granthoM para AdhRta hai / aura yadyapi prAcIna vaiyAkaraNoM kA RNI hai, kintu isake Upara pANini kI chApa nhiiN|

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414 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa zrI paNDita jI ke isa lekha se pratIta hotA hai ki Apa atharva prAtizAkhya ko pANini se uttarakAlIna mAnate hue, usa para pANini kI chApa kA pratiSedha kara rahe haiM / vastutaH yaha ThIka nahIM hai / atharva prAtizAkhya pANini se pUrvavartI hai / isalie usa para pANini kI 5 chApa kA to koI prazna hI utpanna nahIM hotA / atharva prAtizAkhyabhASya alavara ke rAjakIya hastalekha saMgraha ke sUcIpatra meM saMkhyA 328 para prAtizAkhyabhASya kA eka hastalekha nirdiSTa hai / isa hastalekha ke prAnta kA jo pATha sUcIpatra ke anta meM pRSTha 26 para chapA hai, usake 10 avalokana se to yahI pratIta hotA hai ki yaha hastalekha bRhatpATha kA 15 hai / isake antya pATha meM pratharvavede prAtizAkhye tRtIyaH prapAThakaH samAptaH hI pATha nirdiSTa hai / isase sandeha hotA hai ki sUcIpatra nirmAtA ne isa pATha meM udAharaNoM kA sanniveza dekhakara isake nAma ke sAtha bhASya zabda kA prayoga kara diyA hai / 11 - atharva caturadhyAyI - pravaktA atharva-sambandhI pArSada sadRza eka grantha auaura hai, jo prAyaH zaunakoya caturadhyAyI ke nAma se samprati vyavahRta ho rahA hai / yaha grantha cAra adhyAyoM meM vibhakta hai / pravaktA - isa grantha ke pravaktA kA nAma saMdigdha hai| TinI ke 20 hastalekha ke anta meM zaunaka kA nAma nirdiSTa hone se usane ise zaunakIya kahA hai / bAlazAstrI gadare gvAliyara ke saMgraha se prApta caturadhyAyI ke hastalekha ke pratyeka adhyAya ke anta meM - 'ityatharvavede kautsavyAkaraNe caturadhyAyikAyAM pATha upalabdha hotA hai / yaha hastalekha prAcIna hastalekha pustakAlaya 25 ujjaina meM surakSita hai / isa hastalekha ke viSaya meM paM0 sadAziva ela0 kAtre kA nyU iNDiyana eNTIkverI sitambara 1938 meM eka lekha chapA hai, vaha draSTavya hai / kautsa vyAkaraNa ke nAma se nirdiSTa eka hastalekha kAzI ke ,

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prAtizAkhya Adi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 415 sarasvatIbhavana ke saMgraha meM bhI hai / isakI saMkhyA 2086 hai| isake prathamAdhyAya ke prathama pAda ke anta meM nimna pATha hai'ityatharvavede kautsavyAkaraNe caturadhyAyikAyAM prathamaH pAdaH' hamAre vicAra meM zaukanIya cataradhyAyI kA pravaktA kautsa hai| aura atharvaveda kI zaunaka zAkhA se isakA sambandha hone se yaha zauna- 5 kIyA vizeSaNa se vizeSita hotI hai| . kAla-bhAratIya vAGmaya meM kautsa nAma ke aneka prAcArya ho cuke haiN| eka kautsa varatantu kA ziSya thaa| isakA ullekha raghuvaMza 5 / 1 meM milatA hai| eka kautsa nirukta 1115 meM smRta hai| mahAbhASya 3 / 2 / 108 meM kisI kautsa ko pANini kA ziSya kahA hai| gobhila- 10 gRhyasUtra 3 / 10 / 4; ApastaMba dharmasUtra 1 / 19 / 4; 2 / 28 / 1; AyurvedIya kazyapasaMhitA (pRSTha 115); aura sAmavedIya nidAnasUtra 2 / 1 / 10; 3 / 11; 8 / 10 Adi meM bhI kautsa kA nirdeza milatA hai / inameM se caturadhyAyikA kA pravaktA kaunasA kautsa hai, yaha kahanA abhI kaThina hai| .. kautsa kA smArtavacana-kautsa kA eka smArta vacana caturvarga ciMtAmaNi parizeSa khaNDa kAlanirNaya pRSTha 251 para nirdiSTa hai| ___ atharvacaturadhyAyI atharvapArSada se pUrvavartI hai, yaha DA0 sUryakAnta kA mata hai, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke hai| 12-pratijJAsUtrakAra zukla yajuH sampradAya meM pratijJAsUtra nAma ke do grantha prasiddha haiN| eka kA sambandha kAtyAyana prAtizAkhya ke sAtha hai, aura dUsare kA kAtyAyana zrauta ke sAtha / kAtyAyana prAtizAkhya tathA zrauta donoM se sambaddha pariziSToM kA racayitA bhI kAtyAyana hI mAnA jAtA hai / yaha paramparA kahAM taka prAmANika hai, yaha hama nahIM jaante| anyakRta 25 hone para bhI kAtyAyanIya granthoM se sambandha hone ke kAraNa inakA kAtyAyana pariziSTa ke nAma se vyavahAra ho sakatA hai| yadi pariziSTa prAtizAkhya aura zrautasUtra pravaktA prAcArya kAtyAyana ke hI hoM, to inakA kAla vikrama se 3000 varSa pUrva hogaa|

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416 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kAtyAyana prAtizAkhya se sambaddha pratijJAsUtra ke viSaya meM vyAkhyAkAra ananta deva likhatA hai 'prAtizAkhyakayanAnantaraM caitasyAvasaro yatastannirUpitakarma niyuktamantreSu svarasaMskAraniyamAvazyaMbhAvatayA'napadiSTasvarasaMsthAnasaMskArA5 kaaNtdrthmymaarmbhH|' ___ arthAt prAtizAkhya meM anupadiSTa svarasaMskAra Adi kA varNana karane ke lie isakA prArambha hai| ____ isa pratijJAsUtra meM tIna kaNDikAe haiN| prathama meM svara vizeSa ke niyamoM kA varNana hai / dvitIya meM ya-ja, Sa-kha aura svarabhakti Adi ke 10 uccAraNa kA vidhAna hai| tRtIya meM prayogavAhoM ke viziSTa uccAraNa kI vidhi kahI hai| vyAkhyAkAra anantadeva yAjJika kI vyAkhyA meM aneka sthAnoM para prAcIna vyAkhyAkAroM ke mata uddhRta haiM / unase vidita hotA hai ki isa grantha 15 para kaI vyAkhyAna-grantha likhe jA cuke the| yathA 1-pratijJAnaM pratijJA / samadhigamye'rthe pratijJA zabdo bhAkta ityAhuH / 111 // pRSTha 402 / 2-kecittu pAThAdevAnantaryasiddhau maGgalArtha evAtha zabda ityAhuH / 111 pRSTha 402 / ina prAcIna vyAkhyAnoM meM se eka bhI samprati prApta nahIM hai| anantadeva yAjJika kAzI se prakAzita vAjasaneya prAtizAkhya ke anta meM pRSTha 401 se 431 taka pratijJAsUtra vyAkhyA-sahita chapA hai| vyAkhyAtA kA nAma-isa sUtra kI pratyeka kaNDikA ke anta meM 'ityanantadevayAjJikaviracite pratijJApariziSTe sUtrabhASye / ' aisA pATha prAyaH upalabdha hotA hai| pratijJAsUtra bhASya ke Adyanta pATha se yaha pratIta nahIM hotA hai ki yaha ananta kaunasA hai, yAjuSa prAtizAkhya tathA kANva saMhitA kA vyAkhyAkAra nAgadeva bhaTTa kA putra anantabhaTTa athavA anantadeva yaha nahIM hai|

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2/53 prAtizAkhya Adi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 417 kyoMki yaha anantabhaTTa apane pratyeka grantha ke aAdi athavA anta meM apane mAtA-pitA aura zAkhA ke nAmoM kA ullekha karatA hai| pratijJAsUtra-vyAkhyA ke Adyanta meM aisA nirdeza upalabdha nahIM hotaa| itanA hI nahIM, nAgadeva suta anantadeva apane anya granthoM meM yAjJika vizeSaNa nahIM detaa| pratijJAsUtra vyAkhyA ke anta meM 'yAjJika' vizeSaNa 5 milatA hai| vi0 saM0 1802 meM likhI gaI bAlakRSNa zarmA kI prAtizAkhyadIpikA (pRSTha 263 zikSA-saMgraha) meM bhI pratijJAsUtra bhASyakAra kA 'ananta yAjika' nAma se nirdeza milatA hai| .... .... vaidika grantha vyAkhyAtAoM meM eka deva yAjJika prasiddha hai, kyA 10 usakA mUla nAma anantadeva to nahIM ? sambhava hai do anantadevoM ke bheda-parijJAna ke lie eka ko anantadeva tathA dUsare ko deva yAjJika nAma se vyavahAra karane kI paripAThI rahI ho| isakI sambhAvanA devayAjJikaviracita kAtyAyana sarvAnukramaNIbhASya ke kAzI saMskaraNa ke mukha pRSTha se hotI hai / usa para yAjJikAnantadevaviracitabhASyasahitam 15 nirdeza chapA hai| vastutaH jaba taka ukta samasyA kA samAdhAna nahIM ho jAtA, taba taka isa vyAkhyA kA kAlanirNaya karanA azakya hai| ___vyAkhyA meM pratyupayogI nirdeza-pratijJAsUtra kI vyAkhyA meM kucha atyupayogI nirdeza milate haiM, jinase prAcIna varNarAzi tathA uccAraNa 20 viSaya para nayA prakAza par3atA hai / yathA- . ... 1-prataH sampradAyavida evaM vidhe yakAre spRSTaprayatnajJApanAya madhye vindu prakSipanti / spRSTaprayatna sthAnakyAcca vargatRtIyasadRzaM yakAraM paThanti ca / 2 / 2 / pRSTha 416 / 2-SaTau mUrdhanIti (prAti0 1 / 67) sUtrAt SakAro mUrdhanyaH sthAna- 25 karaNaparityAgenArdhaspRSTaSakArasthAne kavargIya pratirUpakaM khakAroccAraNaM kartavyam 2 // 11 // pRSTha 424 / / .. . ... 3-saMjJAbhedo nimittabhedo lipibhedazca / tRtIyastu idAnI prAyazaH paribhraSTastathApi prAcInasampradAyAnurodhAd vijJAyate / 3 / 27 / pRSTha 424 /

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418 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ina uddharaNoM meM kramazaH prathama meM-mAdhyandina prAtizAkhyAdhyetAoM ke dvArA ya ke sthAna meM na uccAraNa para prakAza par3atA hai| isa uddharaNa se vidita hotA hai ki zuddha ja uccAraNa azuddha hai, jasadRza uccAraNa honA caahiye| 5 arthAt yaha svatantra varNa hai, na ya hai aura na ja / donoM ke madhyavartI uccAraNa vAlA hai| isI bAta ko vyakta karane ke liye cavargatRtIyasadRzaM meM sadRza zabda kA upAdAna kiyA hai| dvitIya meM-mAdhyandina zAkhAdhyAyiyoM ke dvArA Sa ke sthAna meM uccAryamANa kha uccAraNa para prakAza par3atA hai| yaha bhI na Sa hai aura 10 na kha, apitu Sa--kha madhyavartI svatantra varNa hai| isI bAta ko vyakta karane ke liye kavargIyapratirUpakaM khakAroccAraNaM meM pratirUpaka zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai| anyathA pratirUpa zabda vyartha hai, khakAroccAraNaM kartavyam itanA hI kahanA paryApta hai| tRtIya meM- hrasva dIrgha aura gurusaMjJaka trividha kA ullekha hai| . 15 aura tRtIya prakAra ke varNa ke uccAraNa ke 'paribhraMza arthAt nAza kA ullekha hai| hamArA vicAra hai ki prAcIna kAla meM saMskRta bhASA meM aise kaI svatantra varNa the, jo uttarakAla meM uccAraNa-doSa se naSTa ho gye| isI prakAra ke vargoM ke nAza ke kAraNa samprati vargoM kI 63 saMkhthA upapanna nahIM hotii| sAmpratika vidvAn isa saMkhyA kI pUrti eka-eka svara ko hrasva dIrgha pluta bheda se tIna prakAra kA (saMdhyakSaroM ko do prakAra kA) ginakara karate haiM / yaha cintya hai| yadi eka hI prakAra ko kAlabheda ke kAraNa hrasva-dIrgha-pluta bheda se tIna prakAra kA ginA jAe, to udAtta anudAtta svarita aura sAnunAsika bhedoM kI ginatI kyoM 25 nahIM kI jAtI ? unheM svarabheda se pRthak kyoM nahIM mAnA jAtA ? pratijJA-pariziSTa 2 / 6 meM vakAra ke bhI guru-madhya-laghu tIna bheda kahe haiN| yAjJavalkya zikSA zloka 155, 156 meM va--ya donoM ke guru, lagha aura laghatara bheda kahe haiN| pANini ne bhI vyorlaghaprayatnataraH zAka TAyanasya (8 / 3 / 18) sUtra meM ya, va ke laghutara rUpa kA nirdeza 30 kiyA hai|

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- prAtizAsya Adi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 416 prAcIna saMskRta-bhASA meM prayukta vargoM ke vibhAgoM tathA uccAraNa ke viSaya meM anusaMdhAna karane kI mahatI AvazyakatA hai| prAcIna varNoM ke yathArtha svarUpa kA parijJAna hone para bhASA-vijJAna ke kSetra meM eka naI krAnti ho sakatI hai / bhASA-vijJAna ke aneka niyamoM para nae rUpa se vicAra karanA pdd'egaa| 13-bhASika-sUtrakAra kAtyAyana prAtizAkhya ke pariziSToM meM eka bhASika-sUtra bhI hai| isa meM zatapatha brAhmaNa ke svarasaMcAra para prAdhAnyena vicAra kiyA gayA hai| isameM tIna kaNDikAe haiN| zatapatha brAhmaNa ke svaroM kA vidhAna karate hue isa pariziSTa se 10 una brAhmaNoM ke viSaya meM bhI prakAza par3atA hai, jo samprati lupta ho / gaye haiM / athavA jina meM svara sampradAya naSTa ho gayA hai / yathA 1-zatapathavat tANDibhAllavinAM brAhmaNasvaraH // 3 // 15 // 2-mantrasvaravad brAhmaNasvarazcarakANAm // 3 // 25 // 3-teSAM khANDikeyaukheyAnAM cAtuHsvaryamapi kvacit // 3 // 26 // 15 4- tato'nyeSAM brAhmaNasvaraH // 3 // 27 // isa pariziSTa se svara viSaya para acchA prakAza par3atA hai| yat Adi ke yoga meM kitane vargoM ke vyavadhAna meM tiG svara hotA hai, arthAt nighAta svara kA pratiSedha hotA hai, isa para acchA vicAra upalabdha hotA hai| vyAkhyAkAra (1) mahAsvAmI mahAsvAmI nAmaka eka vidvAn ne bhASikasUtra para eka bhASya likhA thaa| isa bhASya kA sampAdana vaibara ne (iNDIza sTaDIna) kiyA hai| Age nirdizyamAna anantabhASya isa mahAsvAmI ke bhASya kI chAyA 25 mAtra hai / isaliye mahAsvAmI kA kAla vi0saM0 1650 se pUrva hogaa| (2) anantadeva isa pariziSTa para nAgadeva suta anantadeva kI vyAkhyA vAjasaneya prAtizAkhya ke kAzI saMskaraNa meM pRSTha 432-471 taka chapI hai|

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420 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa isake kAla Adi ke viSaya meM vAjasaneya prAtizAkhya ke vyAkhyAkAra prakaraNa meM likha cuke haiN| 14-Rktantra sAmavedIya granthoM meM Rtantra nAma kA eka grantha prasiddha hai / isa meM sAmaveda kI kisI viziSTa-zAkhA ke svara sandhi Adi niyamoM kA vidhAna milatA hai| pravaktA-Rktantra kA pravaktA kauna prAcArya hai, isa viSaya meM prAcIna granthakAroM meM matabheda hai| kucha granthakAra Rktantra kA pravaktA 10 zAkaTAyana ko mAnate haiM, aura kucha audavaji ko / yathA zAkaTAyana-nAgezabhaTTa laghuzabdenduzekhara ke prArambha meM likhatA 1-RktantravyAkaraNe zAkaTAyano'pi-idamakSaraM chando.. .... / bhAga, 1 pRSTha 7 / 15 kisI haradatta nAmaka vyakti kI eka sAma-sarvAnukramaNI milatI hai| ise DA0 sUryakAnta jI ne apane Rktantra ke saMskaraNa ke anta meM chapavAyA hai / usameM likhA hai2-RcAM tantravyAkaraNe paJcasaMkhyAprapAThakam / zAkaTAyanadevena dvAtriMzad khaNDakAH smRtAH // pRSTha 3 / 20 3-Rktantra ke anta meM pATha milatA hai iti zAkaTAyanoktamRktantravyAkaraNaM sampUrNam / 4-isI prakAra RvatantravRtti ke anta meM pATha milatA hai'chandogazAkhAyAmRktantrAbhidhAnavyAkaraNavRttiH smaaptaa| RktantravyAkaraNaM zAkaTAyanAdibhiH kRtam / sUtrANAM saMkhyA 280 azItya25 dhikazatadvayaM sUtrANi / ' praudavaji-bhaTToji dIkSita ne zabdakaustubha ('mukhanAsikA' sUtra) meM likhA hai 1-tathA ca RktantravyAkaraNasya chAndogyalakSaNasya praNetA

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prAtizAkhya Adi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 421 praudavajirapyasUtrayat-anantyA tyasaMyoge madhye yamaH pUrvasya guNa iti / pRSTha 143 / zlokAtmaka pANinIya zikSA kI paJjikA' nAmnI vyAkhyA' kA ajJAtanAmA lekhaka likhatA hai 2-anantyAntyasaMyoge madhye yamaH pUrvaguNa ityodavajiH / pR010| 5 3-tathA cauravajiH-tatra spRSTaM prayatanaM karaNaM sparzAnAm, duHspRSTamantaHsthAnAm iti / pRSTha 11 / / 4-tathA caudavajiH-anusvArAvaM AM ityanusvarau, hrasvAd dIrgho dIrghAddhasvo vau iti / pRSTha 12 / 5-dvau nAdAnupradAnau ityaudavajiH / pRSTha 14, 16 / 10 6-nimeSaH kAlamAtrA syAd ityaudvjiH| pRSTha (?) / . 7-praudavajirapi-sparze vargasya sparzagrahaNe ca jJeyaM vargasya grahaNaM sthAneSvityadhikAra iti / pRSTha 17 / . 8-tathA ca praudavajiH-prayogavAhAH praH iti visarjanIyaH, kaH iti jihvAmUlIyaH, paH ityupadhmAnIyaH,aM ityanusvAraH nAsikya iti| 15 pRSTha 18 / ___ zlokAtmaka pANinIya zikSA kI 'prakAza' vyAkhyA' kA ajJAtanAmA lekhaka bhI likhatA hai 6-anantasaMyoge madhye yamaH pUrvagaNa ityaudavajirapi / pR0 26 / . ina uddharaNoM meM se katipaya sarvathA abhinnarUpa se, katipaya svalpa 20 bheda se Rktantra meM upalabdha hote haiM, aura katipaya nahIM bhI milte| / ythaa| saMkhyA 1,2 tathA 6 kA uddharaNa Rktantra prapAThaka 1 khaNDa 2 ke anta meM milatA hai| saMkhyA 1 tathA 6 kA pATha kucha bhraSTa haiM / pANi 1. Age isa vyAkhyA kI nirdiSTa pRSThasaMkhyA manomohana ghoSa dvArA 25 sampAdita tathA kalakattA vizvavidyAlaya dvArA san 1938 meM prakAzita saMskaNara ke anusAra hai| 2. isakI pRSThasaMkhyA bhI pUrvanirdiSTa saMskaraNa ke anusAra dI hai|

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10 20 422 saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa nIya zikSA ke sampAdaka manomohana ghoSa ne isa uddharaNa kA pRSTha 1 para zuddha pATha dekara bhI pRSTha 26 para pATha kA zodha nahIM kiyA, yaha cintya hai | saMkhyA 3 kA uddharaNa prapA0 1 khaNDa 3 meM svalpapAThAntara se milatA hai / 30 saMkhyA 4 ke uddharaNa kA pUrva bhAga, prapA 0 1 khaNDa 2 ke anta meM, aura uttara bhAga khaNDa 3 ke Arambha meM svalpabheda se milatA hai| pANinIya zikSA ke kAzI saMskaraNa meM uttara bhAga kA pATha atyanta bhraSTa hai / pravaktRtva para vicAra - Upara prAcIna granthakAroM ke do mata uddhRta kie haiN| eka ke anusAra Rktantra kA pravaktA zAkaTAyana haiM, aura 15 dUsare ke anusAra pradavaji / Rktantra ke prArambha meM zvAso nAda iti zAkaTAyanaH sUtra meM zAkaTAyana kA mata nirdiSTa hai, aura prapA0 2 khaNDa 6 sUtra 10 nyAyenaudavaji: meM praudavaji kA nAmataH ullekha hai / nAradIya zikSA prapA0 2 kaNDikA 8 zloka 5 ( pRSTha 443 kAzI zikSAsaMgraha) meM kisI prAcIna audavaji kA mata nirdiSTa hai / ' saMkhyA 8 kA uddharaNa prapA 0 1 khaNDa 2 meM milatA hai, parantu paJjikA kA pATha kucha bhraSTa hai / saMkhyA 5, 6 kA pATha mudrita Rktantra meM nahIM milatA / DA0 sUryakAnta kA vicAra - DA0 sUryakAnta kA vicAra hai ki Rktantra kA prathama praNayana praudavaji ne kiyA thA / usakA thor3e se parivartana aura parivardhana ke sAtha dvitIya saMskaraNa zAkaTAyana ne kiyA / Rktantra kA jo saMskaraNa samprati milatA hai, vaha usakA tRtIya saMskaraNa hai / aura yaha nizcita hI pANini se uttaravartI hai / ' 25 DA0 sUryakAnta jI ke vicAra kA AdhAra Rktantra meM pradi aura zAkaTAyana donoM nAmoM kA kaNThataH nirdeza pratIta hotA hai / hamArA vicAra - nAradazikSA ( 228/5 ) meM praudavaji ke sAtha 1. tenAsyakaraNaM saukSmyaM mAdhuryaM copajAyate / varNAMzca kurute samyak prAcInavajiryathA // 2. DA0 sUryakAnta sampAdita Rktantra bhUmikA, pRSTha 36-43 /

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prAtizAkhya Adi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 423 prAcIna vizeSaNa milatA hai| isa vizeSaNa se itanA spaSTa hai ki audavaji nAma ke do AcArya hue haiN| unameM bheda-nirdeza ke lie nArada- . zikSA meM 'prAcIna' vizeSaNa diyA hai|' sambhavataH Rktantra 2 / 6 / 10 meM nirdiSTa audavaji bhI prAcIna audavaji hI hai / Rktantra pravaktA ke sambandha meM jo do mata uddhata kiye haiM, unase yaha sambhAvanA pratIta 5 hotI hai ki Rktantra kA pravaktA dvitIya audavaji hai, aura vaha zAkaTAyana gotraja hai (Rktantra ke prArambha meM nirdiSTa zAkaTAyana prAdya zAkaTAyana hai)| isIlie Rvatantra ke viSaya meM nAmadvaya kA nirdeza prAcIna granthoM meM milatA hai| Rktanma kA vartamAna svarUpa nizcaya hI pANini se pUrvavartI hai| 10 isa viSaya meM hama DA0 sUryakAnta jI ke vicAroM se sahamata nahIM, jina hetAnoM se unhoMne pANini se uttarakAlIna siddha karane kA prayatna kiyA haiM / isa para vistRta vicAra lakSaNa-granthoM ke itihAsa meM kreNge| ___odavaji kA deza-pANini aSTAdhyAyI 2 / 4 / 56 ke anusAra praudavaji aprAgdezIya hai (sambhavataH audIcya) / kAzikAkAra 15 likhatA hai anye pailAdaya iantAstebhya inaH prAcAm (2 / 4 / 60) iti luki siddhe'prAgarthaH paatthH|' Rktantra kA zAkhAvizeSa se sambandha-gobhila gRhyasUtra kA . vyAkhyAtA bhaTTa nArAyaNa likhatA hai 'rANAyanIyAnAmRktantraprasiddhA visrjniiysyaabhinissttaanaakhyaa|' (pRSTha 420) isa uddharaNa se vidita hotA hai ki Rktantra kA sambandha sAmaveda kI rANAyanIya saMhitA ke sAtha hai| Rvatantra kA dvividha pATha-haradatta kI RksarvAnukramaNI ke pUrva 25 udadhata pATha ke anusAra Rktantra meM 5 prapAThaka haiM / mudrita grantha meM bhI 5 prapAThaka upalabdha hote haiM / isa pATha meM zikSArUpa prathama prapAThaka bhI sammilita haiN| Rktantra ke dUsare pATha meM zikSArUpa prathama prapAThaka 1. aSTAdhyAyI 2 / 4156 ke anusAra audavaji ke putra (yuvApatya) ke lie bhI 'audavaji' kA hI prayoga hotA hai| arthAt audavaji se utpanna yuva 30 pratyaya kA lopa ho jAtA hai| 20

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424 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kA sanniveza nahIM hai / isalie isa pATha meM cAra hI prapAThaka svIkAra kiye jAte haiM / kucha hastalekhoM meM paJcama prapAThaka ke sthAna meM caturthaH prapAThakaH samAptaH pATha bhI milatA hai| (dra0 -DA0 sUryakAnta saMska0) / mudrita vRttigrantha meM prathama prapAThaka kI vyAkhyA upalabdha 5 nahIM hotii| vRttigrantha kI vivatti meM spaSTa rUpa se dvitIya prapAThaka ke sthAna meM RktantravivRttau prathamaH prapAThakaH pATha milatA hai (dra0-DA0 sUryakAnta saMskaraNa, pariziSTa / isase bhI yahI vidita hotA haiM ki vRtti aura vivRtti grantha Rktantra ke jisa pATha para likhe gaye, usameM zikSAtmaka prapAThaka sammilita nahIM thA,arthAt zeSa cAra hI prapAThaka the| 10 praudavaji kA anya grantha-sAmagAna se sambaddha eka sAmatantra nAma kA prAcIna grantha hai| isa grantha kA pravaktA bhI praudavaji mAnA jAtA hai| isa viSaya meM sAmatantra ke prakaraNa meM likheNge| vyAkhyAtA (1) ajJAtanAmA bhASyakAra Rktantra kI jo vyAkhyA DA0 sUryakAnta jI ne prakAzita ko haiM, - usameM tIna sthAnoM para kisI prAcIna bhASya kA ullekha milatA hai| yathA 1-nRbhiryataH iti bhASyam / pUrNa sUtra-saMkhyA 143 / 2-ayamute (11183) bhASyam / pUrNa sUtra-saMkhyA 245 / 3-janayata (172) bhASyam / pUrNa sUtra-saMkhyA 245 / ina uddharaNoM se vidita hotA hai ki Rktantra para purA kAla meM koI bhASya grantha likhA gayA thaa| usake viSaya meM isase adhika hama kucha nahIM jaante| (2) ajJAtanAmA vRttikAra ___Rktantra kI jo vRtti prakAzita huI hai,usake kartA kA nAma aura deza kAla Adi kucha bhI parijJAta nahIM haiM / yaha vRtti Rktantra ke zikSAtmaka prathama prapAThaka para sahIM hai, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiN| isa vRtti meM bhASya ke atirikta nimna prAcAryoM ke vacana upa30 labdha hote haiM

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2/54 prAtizAkhya prAdi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAgA 425 1-nakulamukhaHtadvaccaivAcAryasya nakulamukhasya vacanaM zrUyate- .. "prakramate makArakaraNena tato hakArAdimanusvAraM gAyati tato makAra iti nakulamukhaH / ' pUrNa sUtra-saMkhyA 60. .. 2-aitikAyana:- 3-naigiH / - 5 'SaTsvaitikAyanaH, prakRtyA naigiH|' pUrNa sUtra-saMkhyA 188 / 4-jAlakAka ? jAnakaka ?-.. jAlakAkena - (jAnakakena-pAThA0) garaNISu ca matsyakAmAnAhananAMsakasya vidizAni sAmakam / pUrNa sUtra-saMkhyA 38 / tulano karo-haradattaviracita sAmasarvAnukramaNI'karNasUtraM jAlAnanaM smRtam / ' yahAM 'jAlAnana' pATha hai / ina tInoM pAThoM kI pAThazuddhi vicAraNIya hai| 5-'kaTAhapatanIyakapilolAntAnAM gurulaghutulyAnAmiti vaacym|' pUrNa sUtra-saMkhyA 226 / isa pATha meM kisI ajJAtanAmA prAcArya kA vacana uddhRta kiyA hai| ina uddharaNoM se spaSTa hai ki yaha vRtti kisI prAcIna granthakAra kI likhI huI hai| vivRttikAra ... . Rktantra kI ukta vRtti para eka vivRtti bhI hai| isakA upa- 20 yogI aMza DA0 sUryakAnta jI ne svasaMpAdita Rktantra ke anta meM , chApA hai| isa vivRttikAra ke bhI nAma deza kAla Adi kA kucha paricaya nahIM miltaa| 1. naigi prAcArya kA ullekha mUla Rktantra ke 'naiginobhayathA' (pUrNa saMkhyA 56) meM bhI milatI hai| .. . 25 2. yaha pATha Rktantra ke paJcama prapAThaka ke prathama sUtra kI ora saMketa karatA hai| ..

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5 426 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa vivRttikAra kI zAkhA-vivRttikAra ne pUrNa saMkhyA 58 sUtra kI vyAkhyA karate hue likhA hai 'testakArAt paro'nudAtto'kAra udAttamApadyate / asmAkaM pAThaH svritH| to'dhastem // isa uddharaNa se pratIta hotA hai ki vivRttikAra kI zAkhA rANAyanIya zAkhA se bhinna thii| (3) ajJAtanAma vyAkhyAtA pUrNa saMkhyA 5 kI pUrvanirdiSTa vivRtti meM likhA haiRktantrakAratadvyAkhyAtRbhiH svaritasyoccanIcavyatirekeNa".' yahAM para bahuvacana nirdeza se vyakta hotA hai ki vivRttikAra kI dRSTi meM Rktantra kI koI anya vRtti bhI thii| usI ko dRSTi meM rakhakara usane bahuvacana kA prayoga kiyA hai| 15-laghu-RktantrakAra Rktantra ke aAdhAra para eka laghu-Rktantra kA pravacana bhI kisI 15 prAcArya ne kiyA thaa| isake pravaktA kA nAma ajJAta hai| laghuRktantra (mudrita) pRSTha 46 para pANini ko nAmollekhapUrvaka smaraNa kiyA gayA hai / ataH Rvatantra kA pravacana pANini se uttaravartI hai, yaha spaSTa hai| haradattIya sAmasarvAnukramaNI kA eka pATha hai'nagAkhyaM laghuRktantraJcandrikAkhyaM svarasya tu|' yaha pATha vivecanIya hai| 16-sAmatantra-pravaktA sAmaveda se sambandha rakhane vAlA eka sAmatantra nAmaka prAcIna grantha upalabdha hotA hai / yaha chapa cukA hai| sAmatantra kA pravaktA- sAmatantra kA pravaktA kauna AcArya hai, 25

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prAtizAkhya Adi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 427 isa viSaya meM matabheda hai / haradatta ne svIya sAmavedIya sarvAnukramaNI meM 'sAmatantra kA pravaktA prAcArya praudavaji hai' aisA likhA hai sAmatantraM pravakSyAmi sukhArtha sAmavedinAm praudavajikRtaM sUkSma sAmagAnAM sukhAvaham / ' ___ prAcArya praudavaji ke viSaya meM Rktantra ke prakaraNa meM likhA cake 5 haiM / paM0 satyavrata sAmazramI ne akSaratantra kI bhUmikA meM likhA hai ki sAmatantra kA pravacana AcArya gArya ne kiyA hai, aisI anuzruti hai 'sAmatantraM tu gANeti vayamupadiSTAH prAmANikaiH / ' pRSTha 2 / hamAre vicAra meM paM0 satyavrata sAmazramI kI apekSA haradata kA kathana adhika prAmANika hai / viSaya-sAmatantra meM sAmagAnoM kI yonibhUta RcAoM meM hone vAle akSaravikAra-vizleSa-vikarSaNa-abhyAsa-virAma Adi kAryoM kA vidhAna kiyA hai| bhASyakAra-bhaTTa upAdhyAya haradatta ne sAmavedIya sarvAnukramaNI meM sAmatantra kA nirdeza karake 15 anta meM likhA hai'bhASyakAraM bhaTTapUrvamupAdhyAyamahaM sdaa|' .. arthAt-sAmatantra kA bhASya kisI bhaTTa upAdhyAya ne kiyA thaa| isa ke viSaya se hameM aura kucha bhI jJAta nhiiN| haradatta ne phullasUtra aura usake bhASyakAra kA ullekha karake 20 likhA hai 'sAmatantrasya yad bhASyamayameva cintitam / ' isa paMkti kA pATha bhraSTa hone se isakA abhiprAya ajJAta hai| pAThazuddhi ke anantara isakA vAstavika abhiprAya jJAta ho sakatA hai| ukta bhraSTa pATha se do bAteM sUcita ho sakatI haiN| 1-sAmatantra kA bhASya anenaiva (pATha mAnakara) arthAt rAmakRSNa dIkSita ne bnaayaa| 2-sAmatantra kA bhASya mayaiva (pATha mAnakara) maiMne hI bnaayaa|

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 17- akSaratantra- pravaktA sAmaveda se sambandha rakhane vAlA akSaratantra nAmaka eka laghukAya grantha upalabdha hotA hai / isakA prakAzana paM0 satyavrata sAmazramI ne cirakAla pUrva kiyA thA / yaha grantha ekamAtra khaNDita hastalekha ke AdhAra para chapA hai / 5 1.0 428 25 akSaratantra kA pravaktA - akSaratantra ke prakAzaka paM0 satyavrata sAmazramI ne isakI bhUmikA meM likhA hai 'grantho'yaM RktantrapraNetuH zAkaTAyanasya samakAlikena mahAmuninA bhagavatA prApizalinA proktaH / ' bhUmikA pRSTha 2 / arthAt - akSaratantra kA pravacana Rktantra pravaktA zAkaTAyana ke samakAlika mahAmuni prApizali ne kiyA hai / aisA hI ullekha paM0 satyavrata sAmazramI ne niruktAlocana pRSTha 115 para bhI kiyA hai / akSaratantra kA viSaya - akSaratantra meM sAmagAnoM meM prayujyamAna 15 stoma Adi kA nirdeza kiyA hai| paM0 satyavrata sAmazramI ne sAmatantra se akSaratantra ke viSaya kA bheda batAte hue likhA hai "sAmatantre khalu sAmnAM yonigatA evAkSaravikAravizleSavikarSaNAbhyAsavirAmAdayazcintitAH / iha tu sAmnAM stobhagatAH pAtAsvarAdayo vAntaparvAdayazca bodhitA iti bhedaH / akSaratantra kI 20 bhUmikA pRSTha 1 / 79 1 - vRttikAra paM0 satyavrata sAmazramI ne akSaratantra para eka vRtti bhI prakAzita kI hai| isake viSaya meM sAmazramI jI ne likhA hai 'vRttiranatiprAcInA'pi lekhakapramAdAdita evAdyantaduSTA dRzyate " tAmeva saMskartu mayamArambhaH 1 0 00010 cho isa vRtti ke prAdyantahIna hone se isake lekhaka Adi kA kucha jJAna nahIM hotA /

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prAtizAkhya Adi ke pravaktA aura vyAkhyAtA 2- bhASyakAra rudra devatrata abhI-abhI mudraNa-kAla meM madrAsa ke paM0 ema0 rAmacandra dIkSita' kA 14-6-84 kA patra milA hai| usa meM Apane likhA haistobhabhASyam - akSaratantram rudradevavratabhASyam trayaM militvA zradhunA mudrApyate ...... / 426 isa grantha ke prakAzita hone para sambhava hai akSara tantra aura bhASyakAra rudra devavrata ke sambandha meM adhika jAnakArI prApta ho ske| aisI AzA hai| 18 - chandoga vyAkaraNa sarasvatI bhavana kAzI ke saMgraha meM chandoga vyAkaraNa nAma se eka 10 hastalekha nirdiSTa hai / isakI saMkhyA 2087 hai / hamane yaha hastalekha dekhA nahIM / Rvatantra ko bhI chandogoM (sAmavediyoM) kA vyAkaraNa kahA jAtA hai / ataH adhika sambhAvanA yahIM hai ki yaha hastalekha Rvatantra kA hogA / vizeSa jJAna hastalekha ke dekhane para hI ho sakatA hai / 15 isa prakAra isa adhyAya meM prAtizAkhya Adi vaidika vyAkaraNoM ke pravaktA aura unake vyAkhyAtAoM kA varNana karake agale adhyAya meM vyAkaraNa ke dArzanika granthoM ke lekhakoM kA varNana kiyA jAegA / 1. paM0 ma0 rAmacandra dIkSita ne sAmaveda se sambaddha aneka grantha prakAzita kiye haiM aura kara rahe haiM / inakA patA hai- ema0 rAmanAtha dIkSita, 38 ena0 ema0 ke0 sTrITa, madrAsa-4 /

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untIsavAM adhyAya vyAkaraNa ke dArzanika granthakAra yadyapi vyAkaraNazAstra kA mUla prayojana bhASA meM prayujyamAna zabdoM ke sAdhutva asAdhatva kI vivecanA karanA, aura bhASA ko apabhraMza se bacAnAmAtra hai, tathApi jaba bhASA meM prayujyamAna padoM ke prayoga-kAraNoM kA cintana, padArtha aura tatsAmarthya kA cintana kiyA jAtA hai, taba vyAkaraNazAstra darzanazAstra kA rUpa grahaNa kara letA hai| isa dRSTi se vyAkaraNazAstra ke do vibhAga ho jAte haiN| eka zabdasAdhutvaviSayaka, aura dUsarA-pada-padArtha-tatsAmarthya cintana10 vissyk| isa grantha ke pUrva 28 adhyAyoM meM vyAkaraNazAstra ke prathama vibhAga ke granthoM vA granthakAroM kA itihAsa likhA hai| aba isa adhyAya meM hama vyAkaraNazAstra ke dvitIya vibhAga arthAta dArzanika granthoM vA granthakAroM kA varNana karate haiN| vyAkaraNazAstra ke prathama vibhAga kA itihAsa atyanta prAcIna hai| parantu dvitIya vibhAga ke itihAsa kA prArambha arthAt vyAkaraNazAstrasaMbaddha-viSayoM para dArzanika granthoM kA pravacana kaba se prArambha huaA, yaha ajJAta hai / hAM, pANini ke eka sUtra avaGa sphoTAyanasya (6 / 1 / 123) se tathA yAska ke zabdanityatvAnityatva-vicAra (nirukta 20 111) se yaha avazya dhvanita hotA hai ki vyAkaraNazAstra kA dArza nikarUpa se cintana bhI pANini aura yAska se vahata pUrva prArambha ho gayA thaa| sphoTa kA nirdeza bhAgavata purANa 10 / 85 / 6 meM isa prakAra milatA hai 'dizAM tvamavakAzo'pi dizaH khaM sphoTa prAzrayaH / nAdo varNatvamoGkAra prAkRtIyaM pRthak kRtiH||' vyAkaraNazAstra ke upalabdha dArzanika granthoM meM prAya: nimna viSayoM para vicAra kiyA gayA hai

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14-sphoTa vyAkaraNa ke dArzanika granthakAra 431 1-bhASA kI utpatti 11-samAsa-zakti 2-zabda kI abhivyakti 12-zabda-zakti 3-zabda ke do rUpa-sphoTa aura dhvani 13-nipAvArthaH / 4-apabhraMza ke kAraNa 5-pada-mImAMsA . .. ... 15-kriyA.... 6-vAkya-mImAMsA 16-kAla 7-dhAtvartha 17-liGga 8-lakArArtha 18-saMkhyA 6-prAtipadikArtha 19-upagraha 10-subartha samprati vyAkaraNazAstra-sambandhI jo dArzanika grantha upalabdha haiM, unameM adhika saMkhyA sphoTa-viSaya granthoM kI hI hai| 1-sphoTAyana (3100 vi0 pU0) sphoTAyana prAcArya kA ullekha pANini ne pravaG sphoTAyanasya (6 / 1 / 123) sUtra meM sAkSAt rUpa se kiyA hai| padamaJjarIkAra haradatta ne kAzikA 6 / 1 / 123 kI TIkA meM - sphoTAyana zabda kI vyAkhyA isa prakAra kI hai_ 'sphoTo'yanaM parAyaNaM yasya sa sphoTAyanaH sphoTapratipAdanaparo vaiyAkaraNAcAryaH / ye svIkAraM paThanti te naDAdiSu prazvAdiSu vA (sphoTazabdasya) pAThaM mnynte|' -- isa vyAkhyA ke anusAra prathama pakSa meM sphoTAyana AcArya vaiyAkaraNoM ke sphoTa tattva kA prathama upajJAtA pratIta hotA hai / isa pakSa meM isa prAcArya kA vAstavika nAma ajJAta hai| dvitIya pakSa meM (sUtra meM 'sphauTAyanasya' pATha mAnane para) isake pUrvaja kA nAma sphoTa thaa| yaha nAma bhI sphoTa-tattva-upajJAtA hone se prasiddha huA hogaa| 25 isa prAcArya ke kAla Adi ke viSaya meM isa grantha ke prathama bhAga paSTha 186-191 (ca0 saM0) para nirdeza kara cuke haiN| vahAM hamane pANinIya tantra (6 / 1 / 123) meM sphoTAyana kA ullekha hone se 2650 vi0 pUrva kAla sAmAnyarUpa se likhA hai| yadi usI prakaraNa meM darzAyI gayI raphoTAyana aura praudumbarAyaNa kI ekatA ko sambhAvanA 30

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432 saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa pramANAntara se puSTa ho jAye, to sphoTAyana kA kAla 3100 vi0 pUrva honA cAhiye / vizeSa nirdeza- bharadvAja muni kRta vimAna zAstra kI baudhAyana vRtti meM sphoTAna kA nAma milatA hai / usakA pATha hai-- 'tatra tAvacchaunakasUtram 'citriNyeveti sphoTAyanaH' / ' isa para baudhAyana vRtti meM likhA hai ' taduktaM zaktisarvasve - vaimAnikagativaicitryAdi dvAtriMzatikriyAyoga ekaiva citriNI zaktyalamiti zAstre nirNItaM bhavatItyanubhavataH zAstrAcca manyate sphoTAyanAcAryaH / 10 isa uddharaNa se vidita hotA hai ki sphoTAyana prAcArya pANini se pUrvavartI zaunaka Adi se bhI pUrvakAlIna hai / tadanusAra sphoTAyana kA kAla lagabhaga 3200 vi0 pUrva avazya honA cAhiye / isase adhika isa prAcArya ke viSaya meM hama kucha nahIM jAnate / 2 - audumbarAyaNa ( 3100 vi0 pUrva ) 15 sphoTasiddhi ke lekhaka bharatamizra ne apane grantha ke prArambha meM likhA hai. 'bhagavadaudumbarAyaNAdyupadiSTAkhaNDabhAvamapi vyaJjanAropitanAntarIyakabhedakrama vicchedAdiniviSTaH paraiH ekAkAranirbhAsam zranyathA siddhikRtya pravahetutAM cAnyatra saMcArya bhagavadaudumbarAdInapi bhaga20 vadupavarSAdibhinimAyApalapitam .... / ' pRSTha 1 / isa vacana se pratIta hotA hai ki bhagavAn praudumbarAyaNa ne zabda ke akhaNDabhAva kA arthAt sphoTAtmakatA kA upadeza kiyA thA / hama pUrva (bhAga 1, pRSTha 1600 ca0 saM0) likha cuke haiM ki vAkyapadIya 2 / 343 ke anusAra praudumbarAyaNa zrAcArya zabdanityatva25 bAdI thA / paricaya -- praudumbarAyaNa zabda meM zruta taddhita pratyaya se vidita 1 dra0 - zilpasaMsAra' patrikA 16 pharavarI san 1955 kA aMka pRSTha 122, tathA svAmI brahmamuni prakAzita bRhad vimAnazAstra, pRSTha 74 / 3. dra0 - bRhad vimAnazAstra, pRSTha 74 /

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2/55 vyAkaraNa ke dArzanika granthakAra 433 hotA hai ki audumbarAyaNa AcArya ke pitA kA nAma udumbara thA / udumbara zabda pANini ke naDAdigaNa (4/1/69 ) meM paThita hai| usase phak ( = zrAyana) pratyaya hokara praudumbarAyaNa pada niSpanna hotA hai / kAla - praudumbarAyaNa AcArya kA ullekha niruktakAra yAska ne nirukta 1 / 1 meM kiyA hai / yAska kA kAla vikrama se 3100 varSa pUrva arthAt bhArata yuddha ke lagabhaga sarvathA nizcita hai / isalie praudumba - rAyaNa kA kAla 3100 varSa vikrama pUrva athavA usase kucha pUrva rahA hogA / niruktakAra kA nirdeza - yAska ne nirukta 111 meM likhA hai - 'indriya nityaM vacanamaudumbarAyaNaH / ' arthAt - vacana (zabda) indriya meM niyata hai / indriya se atirikta zabda kI sattA meM koI pramANa nahIM, arthAt zabda anitya hai, aisA dumbarAyaNa zrAcArya kA mata hai / bharata mizra ke pUrva-nirdiSTa vacana se vidita hotA hai ki praudumbarAyaNa prAcArya zabda ke sphoTa svarUpa kA arthAt nityatva kA prati- 15 pAdaka thA / parantu yAska ke vacanAnusAra yaha zabda ke anityatva pakSa kA nirdezaka vidita hotA hai / 1 20 donoM pakSoM meM bhUtala - prakAza kA antara hai / phira bhI isakA eka samAdhAna yaha ho sakatA hai ki sphoTavAdI dhvani rUpa ko bhI svIkAra karate haiM / dhvani rUpa meM zabda indriya niyata hI hotA hai / sambhava hai dhvani pakSa meM jo doSa prAteM haiM, unakA saMgraha praudumbarAyaNa kA nirdeza karake yAska ne ullekha kiyA ho / yadi yaha samAdhAna svIkAra na kiyA jAye, taba bhI itanA to spaSTa hai ki praudumbarAyaNa AcArya ne zabda ke nityatva - anityatva pakSoM para vicAra avazya kiyA thA / isase adhika hama isa prAcArya ke grantha tathA kAla yAdi ke viSaya 'kucha nahIM jAnate / meM 3 - vyADi (2950 vi0 pUrva ) AcArya vyADi, jo prAcIna vAGmaya meM dAkSAyaNa ke nAma se 25

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434 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa prasiddha hai, ne saMgraha nAmaka eka vyAkaraNa sambandhI dArzanika grantha kA pravacana kiyA thaa| mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali ne'zobhanA khalu dAkSAyaNasya saMgrahasya kRtiH' (2 // 3 // 66) zabdoM dvArA isa saMgraha grantha kI prazaMsA ko hai| saMgraha grantha aprApya hai| isameM kisa prakAra ke viSayoM kA pratipAdana thA, isakA parijJAna, mahAbhASya ke nimna uddharaNa se hotA hai 'saMgraha etat prAdhAnyena parIkSitam-nityo vA syAt kAryoM veti / tatra ktA doSAH, prayojanAnyapyuktAni / tatra tveSa nirNayaH-yadyeva nityo'thApi kAryaH, ubhayathA'pi lakSaNaM pravartyam / ' 131 // 1 // 10 arthAt - saMgraha meM 'zabda nitya hai athavA anitya' isa viSaya para vicAra kiyA gayA thaa| ___ isI prakAra saMgraha ke jo uddharaNa vibhinna granthoM meM milate haiM, unase bhI spaSTa hotA hai ki saMgraha vAkyapadIya ke samAna vyAkaraNa kA dArzanika grantha thaa| 15 bhartRhari ne mahAbhASya kI TIkA meM likhA haicaturdaza sahasrANi vastUni asmin saMgrahagranthe (priikssitaani)| hamArA hastalekha, pRSTha 23 / arthAt- saMgraha grantha meM 14 sahasra viSayoM kI parIkSA thii| nAgeza ke matAnusAra saMgraha grantha kA parimANa ekalakSa zloka thA20 - saMgraho vyADikRto lakSazlokasaMkhyo grantha iti prasiddhiH / ' udyota navA0, nirNayasAgara saM0, pRSTha 55 / ___ vyADi ke paricaya tathA deza kAla Adi ke viSaya meM hama isa grantha ke prathama bhAga pRSTha 268-351 (ca0 saM0) taka vistAra se likha cuke haiN| saMgraha-vacana-prathama bhAga pRSTha 308-311 (ca0 saM0) taka saMgraha ke 21 vacana saMgRhIta kara cuke haiN| unheM vahIM dekheM / prayatna karane para saMgraha ke aura bhI aneka vacana saMgrahota kiye jA sakate haiN| 4-pataJjali (2000 vi0 pUrva) pataJjali ne aSTAdhyAyI tathA usa para likhe gae kAtyAyanIya

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vyAkaraNa ke dArzanika granthakAra . 435 vArtikoM kA Azraya karake mahAbhASya nAmA eka anupama grantha likhA hai| yadyapi grantha ko ApAtataH dekhane para yaha pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI kI vyAkhyAmAtra vidita hotA hai, parantu isa grantha kA itanA hI svarUpa nahIM hai| yaha na kevala pANinIya zabdAnuzAsana kA, apitu prAcIna vyAkaraNa-sampradAyamAtra kA eka Akara grantha hai| vyAkaraNa- 5 darzana ke samasta nyAya isa mahattvapUrNa grantha meM yatra-tatra vidyamAna haiN| zabdazAstra kA advitIya vidvAn bhartRhari likhatA hai 'kRte'ya pataJjalinA guruNA tiirthdrshinaa| sarveSAM nyAyabIjAnAM mahAbhASye nibandhane / ' vAkya0 kANDa 2, zloka 485 // 10 isakI vyAkhyA meM puNyarAja likhatA hai 'tacca bhASyaM na kevalaM vyAkaraNasya nibandhanam, yAvat sASAM nyAyabIjAnAM boddhavyamityata eva sarvanyAyabIjahetutvAdeva mahacchabdena vizeSya mahAbhASyamityucyate loke|' arthAt-bhASya kevala vyAkaraNa kA grantha nahIM hai, usameM sabhI 15 nyAyabIjoM kA nibandhana hai / isIliye use mahat zabda se vizeSita karake 'mahAbhASya' kahate haiN| bhartRhari punaH likhatA haipArSe viplAvite granthe sNgrhprtiknycuke|' vAkya0 kANDa 2, zloka 488 // 20 isa vacana meM bhartRhari ne mahAbhASya ke liye saMgrahapratikaJcuka' zabda kA vyavahAra kiyA hai / isase spaSTa hai ki pAtaJjala mahAbhASya 'saMgraha' ke samAna zabdazAstra kA dArzanika grantha hai / bhartRhari-viracita vAkyapadIya grantha kA yahI eka mAtra AdhAra grantha hai / mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali ke deza-kAla Adi ke viSaya meM hama 25 isa grantha ke 10veM adhyAya meM vistAra se likha cuke haiN| prathama saMskaraNa meM pRSTha 248 para hamane mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali kA kAla 1200 vi0 pUrva likhA thaa| parantu aba aneka Thosa pramANoM se yaha nizcita ho gayA hai ki pataJjali kA kAla vikrama se nyUnAtinyUna 2000 do . sahasra varSa pUrva avazya hai| isa kAlagaNanA para, tathA puSyamitra kI 30

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436 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa samakAlikatA-nidarzaka vacanoM para hamane vizeSa vicAra isa grantha ke prathama bhAga ke dvitIya saMskaraNa meM prastuta kiyA thaa| isa saMskaraNa meM bhI yahI mata prAmANika rUpa meM darzAyA hai| 5-bhartRhari (400 vi0 pUrva) bhartRhari ne mahAbhASya kA sUkSma dRSTi se AloDana karake, aura apane guru vasurAta dvArA upadiSTa vyAkaraNAgama ke AdhAra para 'vAkyapadIya' nAmA vyAkaraNazAstra-sambaddha eka ati mahattvapUrNa dArzanika grantha likhA / yaha grantha tIna kANDoM meM vibhakta hai| ve kramazaH pAgama, vAkya aura pada athavA prakIrNa nAma se prasiddha haiN| vAkyapadIya nAma-kaI prAcIna granthakAra vAkyapadIya nAma se tInoM kANDoM kA nirdeza mAnate haiN| vAkyapadIya saMjJA se bhI isI abhiprAya kI puSTi hotI hai| vAkya aura pada ko adhikRta karake jo grantha likhA jAe, vaha 'vAkyapadIya' kahAtA hai| prathama brahmakANDa meM akhaNDa vAkyasvarUpa sphoTa kA vicAra hai / dvitIya kANDa meM dArzanika dRSTi se 15 vAkyaviSayaka vicAra kiyA gayA hai, aura tRtIya kANDa padaviSayaka hai| aneka granthakAra vAkyapadIya zabda se kevala prathama dvitIya kANDoM kA nirdeza karate haiN| yathA= 1-prakIrNa kANDa 3 / 154 kI vyAkhyA meM helArAja likhatA hai'iti nirNItaM vaakypdiiye'| 2-vahI punaH prathama kANDa ke viSaya meM likhatA hai'vistareNAgamatAmANyaM vAkyapadIye'smAbhiH prathamakANDe zabdaprabhAyAM nirNItam tata evAvadhAryam iti' / ' 3 - gaNaratnamahodadhikAra vardhamAna apane grantha ke Arambha meM likhatA hai25 bhartRharivAkyapadIyaprakIrNayoH kartA mahAbhASyatripAdyA vyAkhyAtA c|' 1. dra0-vAkyapadIya kANDa 2, zloka 486,460 kI puNyarAja kI ttiikaa| 2. vAkyapadIya brahmakANDa ke sampAdaka paM0 cArudeva jI kA yaha mata hai| dra0 - bhUmikA, pRSTha 7-8 / 30 3. zrI paM0 cArudeva sampAdita brahmakANDa kI bhUmikA, pRSTha 8 / / ..

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'vyAkaraNa ke dArzanika granthakAra 437 4 - kaI eka hastalekhoM meM dvitIya kANDa ke anta meM isa prakAra " lekha milatA hai .' iti bhagavadbhartRharikRte vAkyapadIye dvitIyaM kANDam / samAptA vAkyapadIyakArikA' / ' yahI kAraNa hai ki tRtIya kANDa svatantra prakIrNa nAma se vyavahRta hotA hai| helArAjIya tRtIya kANDa kI vyAkhyA kA prakIrNa- prakAza nAma bhI isI mata kA poSaka hai / svamata - hamArA mana ina donoM se pRthaka hai / hamArA vicAra hai ki 'vAkyapadIya' nAma kevala dvitIya kANDa kA hai / isa kANDa se Arambha meM vAkya vicAra hai, aura usake anantara pada vicAra kiyA 10 gayA hai / isa prakAra tInoM kANDoM ke tIna nAma haiM- prAgama kANDa, vAkyapadIya kANDa, prakIrNa kANDa / isI mata kI puSTi helArAja ke nimna zloka se hotI hai - trailokyagAminI yena trikANDI tripadI kRtA / ' arthAt trailokyagAminI (gaMgA ke samAna) jisane tIna kANDoM- 15 vAlI tripadI banAyI / isa vacana meM helArAja ne trikANDI vAkyapadIyA nahIM likhA / apitu usane tripadI vizeSaNa diyA hai| isakA artha hai tIna padoMvAlI = tIna padoM se vyavahAra kI jAne vAlI trikANDI / ve tIna pada kauna se haiM ? isa vicAra ke upasthita hone para dekhA jAe, to vidita hogA 20 kiM prAnta do kANDa brahma aura prakIrNa padoM se prasiddha haiN| madhya kANDa kI koI sAkSAt saMjJA prasiddha nahIM hai / vaha saMjJA 'vAkyapadIya' rUpa hI hai / isI dRSTi se tripadI vizeSaNa sArthaka ho sakatA hai, anyathA kathamapi sambaddha nahIM hotA / isa dRSTi se dehalIdIpa nyAya se madhya paThitavAkyapadIya nAmaka kANDa se prAdyanta kANDoM kA bhI vyavahAra loka meM 25 hotA hai / hama isa prakaraNa meM tInoM kANDoM ke lie sAmAnya rUpa se loka-prasiddha vAkyapadIya zabda kA hI vyavahAra kareMge / paM0 cArudeva jI kI bhUla - brahmakANDa ke sampAdaka paM. cArudeva jI ne helArAja ke uparinirdiSTa trailokyagAminI yena trikANDI 1. dra0- - zrI paM0 cArudeva sampAdita brahmakANDa kI bhUmikA, pRSTha 30

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438 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa tripadA kRtA vacana se tInoM kANDoM kA sAmAnya nAma 'vAkyapadIya' svIkAra kiyA hai, yaha cintya hai| isase tIna kANDAtmaka granthaikatva kA to bodha hotA hai, parantu tInoM koNDa vAkyapadIya padavAcya haiM, yaha kathamapi saMketita nahIM hotA / apitu isake viparIta tripadI vizeSaNa 5 tInoM kANDoM kI vibhinna saMjJAoM kA saMketa karatA hai| vAkyapradIpa - vAkyapadIya kA eka nAma vAkyapradIpa bhI thaa| yaha bUhalara ne manusmRti ke medhAtithi bhASya kI bhUmikA meM likhA hai|' isI viSaya meM prAtmakUra (Andhra) nivAsI paNDita pravara padyanAbha rAva jI ne apane 2 aprela san 1978 ke patra meM likhA hai - khIstAbda kI 16 vIM zatI ke 'puNatAMvA' (godAvarI tIravartI) nagara ke paM0 nAropanta (norAyaNa paNDita) ne tattvodyota kI TippaNI meM likhA hai . bhartRharirapyamumevArtha vAkyapradIpe prAdarzayat -'sAkAGa. kSAvayavaM bhede...... vAkyavido viduH' iti / vAkyapadIya kA kartA-vAkyapadIya grantha kA racayitA AcArya bhartRhari hai, isameM kisI ko bhI koI vipratipatti nahIM hai| itanA hote hue bhI katipaya kArikAeM bhartRhari viracita nahIM haiM / bhartRhari ne prakaraNAnurodha se prAcIna prAcAryoM kI bhI katipaya kArikAeM kahIM kahIM saMgRhIta kara dI haiN| 20. vAkyapadIya meM granthapAta-vAkyapadIya kA jo pATha samprati upa labdha hotA hai, usameM kucha grantha naSTa ho gayA hai / isakI puSTi nimna pramANoM se hotI hai 1 -bhartRhari vAkya0 2176 kArikA kI svopajJa vyAkhyA meM likhatA hai 1. vAkyapadIya Which sometimes is called vAkyapradIpa / dra0-Sacred Book of the East vol 25 page 123, foot note 1. . 2. patra saMskRta meM hai| yahAM usakA bhASAnuvAda diyA hai| 3. dra0 vAkyapadIya 214 kiJcit pATha bheda se| 4. dra0-brahmakANDa, cArudevIya bhUmikA, pRSTha 6, 10 / 3.

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vyAkaraNa ke dArzanika granthakAra 436 'tatra dvAdaza SaT catuvizatirvA lakSaNAnIti lakSaNasamuddeze sApadezaM savirodhaM vistareNa vyaakhyaasyte|' arthAt 12, 6, 24 lakSaNoM kI lakSaNasa muddeza meM vistAra se vyAkhyA kI jaaegii| samprati upalabdha trikANDI meM lakSaNasamuddeza upalabdha hI nahIM 5 hotA / yaha samuddeza pupyarAja ke kAla meM hI naSTa ho gayA thaa| vaha isI prasaMga meM (2 / 77-83) kI vyAkhyA meM likhatA hai- .. 'eteSAM vitatya sopapattikaM sanidarzanasvarUpaM padakANDe lakSaNasamuddeze nirdiSTamiti granthakRtava svavRttau pratipAditam / prAgamabhraMzA. llekhakapramAdAdinA vA lakSaNasamuddezazca padakANDamadhye na prsiddhH|' 10 pRSTha 46, lAhaura sNskrnn| arthAt ina lakSaNoM kA sopapatti sodAharaNa svarUpa lakSaNasamuddeza meM nidarzita kiyA hai, aisA granthakAra ne apanI vRtti meM likhA hai| parantu Agama ke bhraMza hone, athavA lekhakapramAdAdi ke kAraNa lakSaNasamuddeza tRtIya kANDa meM nahIM miltaa| 2-ukta prakaraNa meM (pRSTha 50, lAhaura saM0) hI puNyarAja likhatA hai 'seyamaparimANavikalpA bAdhA vistareNa bAdhAsamuddeze smrthyissyte| arthAt-isa aparimANa (= bahuta prakAra kI) vikalpoMvAlI 20 kA vistAra se 'bAdhAsamuddeza' meM varNana kiyA jaaeNgaa| ___puNyarAja ke isa vacana se spaSTa hai ki usake kAla meM vAkyapadIya meM koI bAdhA-samudde za vidyamAna thA, parantu yaha samprati anupalabdha hai|' 3-aneka granthakAroM ne bhartRhari athavA hari ke nAma se aneka kArikAeM uddhRta kI haiM / ve vartamAna vAkyapadIya grantha meM upalabdha 25 nahIM hotii| yathA___ bhaTTojidIkSita zabdakaustubha pRSTha 527 meM prakIrNa kANDa ke nAma se bhartRhari kI-apAye yadudAsInam ..."tathA patato dhruva evAzvaH ......"kArikAeM udhata karatA hai| parantu samprati vAkyapadIya meM ye kArikAeM upalabdha nahIM hotii|

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa bhartRhari kA dezakAla Adi - bhartRhari ke dezakAla Adi ke viSaya meM isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM pRSTha 385 - 365 ( ca0 saM0) taka vistAra se likha cuke haiM / ataH isa viSaya meM pAThaka vahI dekheM / 440 5 vAkyapadIya ke vibhinna saMskaraNa -- jaba yaha grantha likhA gayA thA, taba taka sampUrNa vAkyapadIya kA saMskaraNa caukhambA saMskRta sIrIja kAzI se hI chapA thA / yaha saMskaraNa pATha kI dRSTi se atyanta bhraSTa hone para bhI prathama hone ke kAraNa mahattva rakhatA hai / brahmANDa bhartRhari kI svopajJa - vRtti evaM vRSabhadeva kI vyAkhyA ke upayogI aMza sahita paM0 cArudeva jI zAstrI dvArA sampAdita saMskaraNa rAmalAla kapUra 10 TrasTa lAhaura se chapA thA / dvitIya kANDa kA bhI svopajJa - vRtti evaM puNyarAjIya TIkA yukta paM0 cArudeva sampAdita prAdhA bhAga ukta TrasTa se prakAzita huA thA / uttaravartI saMskaraNa - isake pazcAt vAkyapadIya ke anya saMskaraNa bhI prakAzita hue / jinameM nimnalikhita mukhya haiM - 15 subrahmaNya ayyara - saMskaraNa - zrI DA0 ko0 a0 subrahmaNya ayyara ne vAkyapadIya para cirakAla parizrama karake sampUrNa grantha kA sampAdana kiyA hai / brahmakANDa para inhoMne vRSabhadeva kI pUrNa TIkA upalabdha kara lI / brahmakANDa aura prakIrNakANDa chapa cuke haiM / grava dvitIya kANDa chapa gayA hai / isa mahattvapUrNa kArya kA zreya Dekkana kAleja pUnA ko prApta 20 huA hai / ayyara jI ne brahmakANDa kA aGgarejI anuvAda vA vyAkhyA bhI prakAzita kI haiM / raghunAthIya saMskaraNa - kAzI ke suprasiddha vidvAn zrI raghunAtha jI brahmakANDa kA svopajJa vivaraNa evaM svaTIkA sahita sampAdana kiyA hai / isI prakAra dvitIya kANDa kI upalabdha svopajJa vyAkhyA evaM 25 puNyarAja kI TIkA ke sAtha svIkAyukta saMskaraNa kA sampAdana kiyA hai| ye donoM kANDa vArANaseya (saMprati sampUrNAnanda) saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya ke sarasvatI bhavana se prakAzita hue haiM / kAzInAthIya saMskaraNa - pUnA ke ma0 ma0 paM0 kAzInAtha abhyaGkara ne vAkyapadIya ke kArikA -bhAga kA eka sundara saMskaraNa 30 prakAzita kiyA hai / yaha pUtA vizvavidyAlaya se chapA hai /

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vyAkaraNa ke dArzanika granthakAra 44o bhASAtattva aura vAkyapadIya - vAkyapadIya prAcIna bhASA vijJAna kA pramukha grantha hai / isameM zabda artha aura donoM ke sambandha kA nirUpaNa dArzanika DhaMga se kiyA gayA hai / yadi yaha kahA jAe ki vaiyAkaraNoM ke dArzanika tattvoM kA vizada vivecana karane vAlA samprati ekamAtra yahI grantha hai, to atyukti na hogI / 2/56 DA0 satyakAma varmA ne vAkyapadIya meM viprakIrNa bhASAtattva ke aneka pahaluoM para Adhunika bhASA vijJAna ke prakAza meM svIya bhASAtattva aura vAkyapadIya nAmaka granthoM meM sundara vivecana kiyA hai parantu isake sAtha hI hameM yaha likhate hue duHkha bhI hotA hai ki DA0 varmA ne vartamAna bhASA vijJAna ke pariprekSya meM vAkyapadIya kI bhAratIya 10 AtmA kA bar3I berahamI se hanana bhI kiyA hai / yaha vAkyapadIyakAra ke sAtha mahAn anyAya hai / vAkyapadIya ke vyAkhyAtA 1. bhartRhari bhartRhari ne svayaM apane vAkyapadIya grantha kI vistRta svopajJa 15 vyAkhyA likhI hai / svopajJa vyAkhyA kA parimANa - bhartRhari kI svopajJa vyAkhyA vAkyapadIya ke kitane bhAga para thI, yaha kahanA kaThina hai tathApi haeNlArAja ke 'kANDadvaye yathAvRtti siddhAntArthasatattvataH / 20 vacana se itanA vyakta hai ki helArAja ke samaya do kANDoM para svopajJavRtti upalabdha thI / samprati prathama kANDa kI yaha vRti pUrNa upalabdha hai, aura dvitIya kANDa kI madhya-madhya meM truTita hai / kyA tRtIya kANDa para bhI vRtti thI - bhartRhari ne vAkyapadIya 2 / 24 kI svopajJa vyAkhyA meM likhA haiM 'kAlasyaiva copAdhiviziSTasya parimANatvAt kuto'svAparaM pari-mANamityetat kAlasamudda eze vyAkhyAsyate / lAhaura saM0, pRSTha 20 / isa paMkti se saMdeha hotA hai ki hari kI svopajJa vyAkhyA tRtIya kANDa para bhI rahI hogI / 25

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saMskata vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 1 zrAdya sampAdana - isa vRtti kA prathama sampAdana paM0 cArudeva jI ne kiyA hai / aura yaha rAmalAla kapUra TrasTa lAhaura ( vartamAna meM vahAlagar3ha-sonIpata) se prakAzita huI hai / prathama kANDa vRSabhadeva kI TIkA sahita chapA hai| isa TIkA kA ekamAtra azuddhibahula hastalekha 5 hone se isakA pUrA prakAzana nahIM huA / dvitIya kANDa kA mudraNa bhI prathama kANDa ke prakAzana ke anantara san 1935 meM Arambha ho gayA thA, parantu kinhIM kAraNoM se 184 kArikA taka chapa kara raha gayA / isa bhAga meM svopajJa TIkA ke khaNDita hone ke kAraNa puNyarAja kI TIkA bhI sAtha meM chApI gaI hai / 184 kArikA taka kA san 10 1935 meM chapA bhAga san 1941 meM kathaMcit prakAzita kiyA gayA / 1 184 kArikA se Age ke bhAga ke prakAzana ke liye maiMne san 1946 meM lAhaura punaH jAne para zrI paM0 cArudeva jI se aneka bAra nivedana kiyA / do tIna bAra yaha anurodha bhI kiyA ki yadi Apa na kara sakeM, to hastalekha hI mujhe lAkara de deveM / maiM kathaMcit sampAdana 15 karake grantha ko pUrNa kara dUMgA / parantu kucha asvasthatAvaza aura grAlasyavaza prApane mujhe grantha bhI lAkara nahIM diyaa| isakA phala yaha huA ki yaha grantha adhUrA hI raha gayA / dvitIya kANDa kA svopajJa vRtti kA ekamAtra hastalekha paJjAba vizvavidyAlaya ke pustakAlaya meM thA, jo pAkistAna meM raha gayA / aba isa grantha kA pUrA honA zakya hai / anya saMskaraNoM kA hama pUrva nirdeza kara cuke haiM / svopajJa vyAkhyA ke nAma bhartRhari svopajJa vyAkhyA kA nirdeza TIkAkAroM ne aneka nAmoM se kiyA hai / yathA 20 442 25 vRtti - granthakRtaiva svavRttau pratipAditam / ' vivaraNa - kArikopanyAsaphalaM svayameva vivaraNe darzayiSyati / ' TIkA - " padavAdipakSadUSaNaparaH paraM TIkAkAro vyavasthApayatItyasya kANDasya saMkSepaH ****** 1. puNyarAjIya TIkA, lAhaura saMskaraNa, pRSTha 46 / 2. vRSabhadeva TIkA, kANDa 1, lAhaura saMskaraNa, pRSTha 133 / 3. puNyarAjIya TIkA, lAhaura saMskaraNa, pRSTha 7 /

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' vyAkaraNa ke dArzanika granthakAra 443 ......."tathA ca TIkAkAraH pradarzayiSyati / ' bhASya -tatra ilokopAttaM dRSTAnta vibhajya dAntika bhASyaM vibhajanti varNapadeti / vAkyapadIya nAma se nirdeza-aneka granthakAroM ne vAkyapadIya kI svopajJa kI vyAkhyA ko 'vAkyapadIya' nAma se bhI uddhRta kiyA 5 hai yathA_ 'uktaM ca vAkyapadIye nahi gauH svarUpeNa gauH, nApyagaurgotvAdisambandhAtta : gauH| yaha svopajJa-vyAkhyA kA pATha hai| kAvya-prakAzakAra ne ullAsa 2 meM ise vAkyapadIya ke nAma se uddhRta kiyA hai| ___do pATha-hari kI svopajJa vRtti kA jo pATha paM0 cArudeva jI ne sampAdita kiyA hai, usake atirikta eka pATha kAzI saMskaraNa meM mudrita huA hai / donoM meM pATha kI samAnatA aura prathama kI apekSA kAzIpATha meM loghava hone se vyavahAra ke lie isakA nAma ladhvI vRtti rakhA gayA hai| laghvI vRtti ke racayitA-isa laghvI vRtti kA racayitA nizcaya hI hari se bhinna vyakti hai / paM0 cArudeva jI ne brahmakANDa kI bhUmikA meM pRSTha 18-26 taka aneka pramANa dekara isa tattva kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| vRtti ke vyAkhyAkAra bhartRhari kI brahmakANDa kI svopajJavRtti kI aneka vaiyAkaraNoM ne vyAkhyAeM likhI thiiN| svopajJavRtti kA vyAkhyAtA vRSabhadeva TIkA ke prArambha meM likhatA hai... 'yadyapi TIkA bahvayaH pUrvAcAryaH sunirmalA racitAH' / punaH kArikA 1 / 10 kI vRtti kI vyAkhyA meM vRSabhadeva likhatA 25 1. puNya0 TIkA lA0 saM0 pRSTha 10 / ...2. vRSa0 TIkA, lA0 saM0 pRSTha 84 / 3. 'brahmakANDa, lAhaura saMskaraNa, bhUmikA pRSTha 12 /

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa- zAstra kA itihAsa 'jJAnaM ca saMskArazceti / vRttivyAkhyAtA SaSThIsamAsamAha / " ina pUrvAcArya kRta vyAkhyAnoM meM se na to kisI kA grantha hI upalabdha haiM, aura na hI kisI kA nAma jJAta hai / 444 1. vRSabhadeva vRSabhadeva ne apanI TIkA ke Arambha meM nimna zloka likhe haiMvimalacaritasya rAjJo viduSaH zrIviSNugupta devasya / bhRtyena tadanubhAvAcchrIdevayazastanUjena / bandhena vinodArthaM zrI vRSabheNa sphuTAkSaraM nAma // ' isase kevala itanA jJAta hotA hai ki vRSabhadeva vimalacarita vAle 10 viSNugupta rAjA ke prAzrita zrIdevayaza kA putra thA / 20 viSNugupta ke kAla kA nizcaya na hone se vRSabhadeva kA kAla bhI ajJAta hai / 2. dharmapAla (8 vIM zatI vi0 kA prathama caraNa ) cInI yAtrI insiga ke lekha se vidita hotA hai ki bhartRhari ke 15 prakIrNa nAmaka tRtIya kANDa para dharmapAla ne vyAkhyA likhI thI / itsiga ne apanA yAtrA varNana saM0 749 vi0 meM likhA hai / isa prakAra vAkyapadIya ke vyAkhyAtA dharmapAla kA kAla vikrama kI AThavIM zatI kA prathama caraNa, athavA usase pUrva rahA hogA / isase adhika isake viSaya meM kucha jJAta nahIM hai / 3. puNyarAja (11 vIM zatI vi0 ) vAkyapadIya ke dvitIya kANDa para puNyarAja ne eka anativistIrNa parantu sphuTArthaka vyAkhyA likhI hai / paricaya - puNyarAja ke dvitIya kANDa kI vyAkhyA ke anta meM apanA jo prati saMkSipta paricaya diyA hai, usase jJAta hotA hai ki 25 puNyarAja kA dUsarA nAma rAjAnaka zUravarmA thA / yaha kAzmIra kA nivAsI thA / isane kisI zazAGka ke ziSya se vAkyapadIya kA zravaNa ( = gradhyayana ) karake isa kANDa para vRtti likhI hai / 1. brahmakANDa, lA0 saM0 bhU0 pR0 22 / 2. vahI, bhUmikA, pRSTha 12 /

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vyAkaraNa ke dArzanika granthakAra 445 zazAGka-puNyarAja smRta prAcArya zazAGka kA pUrNanAma bhaTTazazAGkadhara hai / padeSu padaikadezAn nyAya ke anusAra puNyarAja ne pUrvArdha zazAGka pada kA hI prayoga kiyA hai| . bhaTTa zazAGkadhara kA eka vacana kSIrasvAmI ne bhI isa prakAra uddhRta kiyA hai. bhaTTazazAGkadharasvatraMvaM gurumuSTi samAdikSat, yakSaha-dvirUpo dhAtvarthaH, bhAvaH kriyA ca / zazAGka-ziSya-bhaTTazAGkakadhara ke aneka ziSya rahe hoNge| unameM se kisa ziSya se puNyarAja ne vAkyapadIya kA adhyayana kiyA, yaha vizeSa nirdezAbhAva meM kahanA kaThina hai / vAkyapadIya ke sampAdaka paM0 10 cArudeva zAstrI ne brahmakANDa ke upodghAta pRSTha 13 para vAmanIya alaGkArazAstra para TIkA likhane vAle zazAGkadhara ke ziSya sahadeva ko puNyarAja kA guru svIkAra kiyA hai / yaha kalpanA upapanna ho sakatI hai| isa prakAra puNyarAja kA kAla vikrama kI 11 vIM zatI, athavA usase kucha pUrva mAnanA caahiye| 15 ___. helArAja (11 vIM zatI vi0) helArAja ne vAkyapadIya ke tInoM kANDoM para vyAkhyA likhI thii| parantu samprati kevala tRtIya kANDa para hI upalabdha hotI hai| paricaya-helArAja ne tRtIya kANDa ke anta meM apanA paricaya isa prakAra diyA hai 'muktApIu iti prasiddhimAgamat kazmIradeze nRpaH' zrImAn khyAtayazA babhUva nRpatestasya prabhAvAnugaH / .... mantrI lakSmaNa ityudAracaritastasyAnvavAye bhavo, helArAja imaM prakAzamakarocchIbhUtirAjAtmajaH // ' ___ isa ullekha se vidita hotA hai ki kAzmIra ke mahArAja muktA- 25 pIDa ke mantrI lakSmaNa ke kula meM helArAja kA janma huA thaa| aura helArAja ke pitA kA nAma zrI bhUtirAja thaa| 20 1. rAmalAla kapUra TrasTa amRtasara dvArA prakAzita saMskaraNa, pRSTha 7 / /

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kalhaNa ne apanI rAjataraGgiNI meM kAzmIra ke rAjAoM kI caritAvalI likhane vAle helArAja dvijanmA ko smaraNa kiyA hai / yaha 10 helArAja vAkyapadIya ke vyAkhyAtA helArAja se bhinna hai athavA prabhinna, isa viSaya meM bhI kucha nizcayAtmaka rUpa se nahIM kahA jA sakatA / adhika sambhAvanA yahI hai ki donoM eka hI vyakti hoM / helArAjIya vyAkhyA - helArAja ne tRtIya kANDa ke Arambha meM likhA hai 1.5 446 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kAla - lakSmaNa aura bhUtirAja meM kitanI pIr3hI kA antara hai, yaha ajJAta hai / isa kAraNa helArAja kA nizcita kAla jAnanA kaThina hai / abhinava gupta ne svIya gItAbhASya meM bhUtirAja ke putra bhaTTa indurAja ko apanA guru kahA hai / yaha bhUtirAja helArAja ke pitA bhUtirAja se bhinna thA athavA prabhinna, yaha kahanA kaThina hai / yadi donoM eka hoM, to bhaTTa indurAja helArAja kA bhAI hogaa| isa prakAra helArAja kA kAla vikrama kI 11 vIM zatIM kA prArambha mAnA jA sakatA hai / 20 'hrush yathAvRtti siddhAntArthasa tattvataH / ' isase vidita hotA hai ki helArAja ne vAkyapadIya ke prathama aura dvitIya kANDa para bhartRhari kI svopajJa vRtti ke anusAra koI vyAkhyA likhI thI / isakI prathama kANDa kI vyAkhyA kA nAma zabdaprabhA thA / vaha svayaM likhatA hai - vistareNAgamaprAmANyaM vAkyapadIye'smAbhiH prathamakANDe zabdaprabhAyAM nirNItamiti tata evAvadhAryam' / ' prathama dvitIya kANDa vyAkhyA kI anupalabdhi - helArAja kRta vAkyapadIya ke prathama aura dvitIya kANDa kI vyAkhyA sarvathA prApya ho cukI hai / 25 tRtIya kANDa vyAkhyA meM granthapAta - tRtIya kANDa kI jo vyAkhyA upalabdha hotI hai, usameM bhI kaI sthAnoM meM granthapAta upalabdha hotA hai / helArAja kI vyAkhyA jisa hastalekha ke AdhAra para chapI hai, usameM do sthAnoM para lipikara ne likhA hai --- 1. zrI paM0 cArudeva jI dvArA sampAdita brahmakANDa ke upodghAta pRSTha 15 30 para nirdiSTa /

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447 vyAkaraNa ke dArzanika granthakAra 'ito granthapAtasandhAnAya phullarAjakRtilikhyate " / 'ihApi patitagranthA helA rAjakRtiH phullarAjakRtyA sandhIyate " / zranyakRti -- helArAja viracita vAtikonmeSa grantha kA ullekha prathama bhAga pRSTha 354, 355 ( ca0 saM0 ) para kara cuke haiN| svakRta kriyA viveka kA nirdeza helArAja ne 3 / 50 kI vyAkhyA meM kiyA hai / 5 5. phullarAja phullarAja nAmaka kisI vidvAn ne vAkyapadIya para koI TIkA likhI thI, yaha upari nirdiSTa do uddharaNoM se spaSTa hai / phullarAja ne vAkyapadIya ke tInoM kANDoM para vRtti likhI athavA tRtIya kANDa mAtra para, yaha ajJAta hai / phullarAja ke viSaya meM hameM kucha bhI jJAta nahIM hai / vizeSa - vAkyapadIya ke vyAkhyAkAroM ke viSaya meM hamane jo kucha likhA hai, usakA pradhAna, AdhAra cArudeva zAstrI likhita brahmakANDa kA upodghAta hai / 6. gaGgadAsa ( ? ) paNDita gaGgadAsa ne vAkyapadIya para eka TIkA likhI thI / isa TIkA ke 8 patra bhaNDArakara insaTITyUTa pUnA meM surakSita haiM / isa hastalekha kI saM0 324 hai / dra0 - vyAkaraNa sUcI, pRSTha 352-353 / isake anta ko pATha isa prakAra hai 10 1. vAkyapadIya kANDa 3, pRSTha 118, kAzI saskaraNa / 2. vahI, pRSTha 124 / 15 ' (iti paNDita gaMgavA ) saviracite sambandhoddazaH / SaSThastaddhito- 20 ddazaH samAptaH / ' gaGgadAsa kA deza kAla ajJAta hai / isane vAkyapadIya ke kevala. tRtIya kANDa para hI vyAkhyA likhI, athavA anyoM para bhI likhI, yaha jJAta hai / grantha ke antima pATha meM (iti gaGgadA) akSara koSTha meM likhe haiM, isa parivardhana kA mUla bhI anveSaNIya hai / 25

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saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 7. maNDana mizra (vi0 saM0 665 se pUrva ) maNDana mizra ne 'sphoTa siddhi' nAmaka eka praur3ha grantha likhA hai / isameM 36 kArikAyeM haiM, una para usakI apanI vyAkhyA hai / 448 paricaya - zaGkara -digvijaya Adi granthoM ke anusAra maNDana mizra bhaTTa kumArila ke ziSya the| inakI patnI kA nAma bhAratI thA / zaGkarAcArya kA inake sAtha ghora zAstrArtha huA / usameM bhAratI ne madhyasthatA kI / anuzruti - ukta zAstrArtha ke viSaya meM loka meM eka anuzruti praca lita hai - maNDana mizra ke parAjita hone para bhAratI ne zaGkara se svayaM 10 zAstrArtha kiyA / anuzruti ke anusAra usane zaGkara ko kAmazAstrasambandhI prakaraNa meM niruttara kara diyA / zaGkara ne kucha avadhi lekara kisI sadyomRta rAjA ke zarIra meM praveza karake kAmazAstra kA jJAnaprApta kara punaH bhAratI se zAstrArtha kiyA, aura use parAsta kiyA / hameM yaha anuzruti kAlpanika pratIta hotI hai / zaGkarAcArya jaise nissaGga 15 vyakti kA kAmazAstra ke parijJAna ke liye kisI parakAya meM praveza karake kAmopabhoga karanA asambhava hai / isI prakAra mahA viduSI bhAratI kA bhI eka bAlabrahmacArI saMnyAsI se kAmazAstra para carcA cher3anA asambhava hai / vastutaH isa anuzruti se donoM vyaktiyoM kA apamAna hotA hai / 20 isI viSaya meM paNDita pravara padmanAbha rAva jI ne 30-10-73 ke patra' meM likhA thA Apane [ zaMkarAcArya aura bhAratI ke viSaya meM ] jo likhA hai vaha sarvathA samIcIna hai| zrI kUDalI maThAdhIzvara zrImat saccidAnanda bhAratI' ne kisI samaya vArtA ke prasaMga meM mujha se kahA thA ki - 'kAmazAstra ke parijJAna ke liye zrImacchaGkarAcArya ne parakAya praveza kiyA yaha sandarbha mithyA hI hai / kisI paramata vidveSa se vidagdha antaHkaraNa vAle ne unake yaza ko kalaMkita karane ke liye yaha kAvya banAyA hai / 25 1. yaha patra saMskRta bhASA meM nibaddha hai| usa kA bhASAntara yahAM uddhRta kiyA hai / mUla patra tRtIya bhAga meM dekheM / 30 2. svAmI zrI saccidAnanda bhAratI Adya zaMkarAcArya ke zRGga erI maTha kI zAkhA ke maThAdhIzvara haiM /

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vyAkaraNa ke dArzanika granthakAra 446 pANDitya-maNDana mizra apane samaya ke mahAn vidvAn the| inake gRha dvAra para kIrAGganAyeM bhI veda ke svataHpramANa para vivAda karatI thIM / zaGkaradigvijaya meM likhA hai ki zaGkara ne mAhiSmatI (vartamAna 'mahezvara'-ma0 pra0) meM jAkara kisI panihArI, se maNDana mizra kA gRha pUchA / panihArI ne uttara diyA__'svataHpramANaM parataHpramANaM kIrAGganA yatra giraM giranti / / dvArasthanIDA tarusannipAte jAnIhi tanmaNDanamizradhAma // '.." arthAt-jisa gRha-dvAra para zukiyAM veda ke svataHpramANa parata:pramANa para zAstrArtha karatI huI mile, use hI maNDana mizra kA ghara smjhnaa| nAmAntara-advaita sampradAya meM prasiddhi hai ki zaGkara se parAjita hokara advaitavAdI banakara maNDana mizra 'surezvarAcArya' nAma se prasiddha hue| aneka lekhakoM ne surezvara ko maNDana mizra ke nAma se bhI uddhRta kiyA hai| kAla-maNDana mizra ke guru bhaTTa kumArila tathA zaMkarAcArya kA 15 samaya prAyaH 800-820 vi0 ke lagabhaga mAnA jAtA hai| parantu yaha sarvathA kAlpanika hai / bhaTTa kumArila aura zaGkara donoM hI isase bahuta pUrva ke vyakti haiM / hamane isI grantha ke prathama bhAga meM pRSTha 389-360 (ca0saM0) para likhA hai ki zatapatha brAhmaNa ke bhASyakAra harisvAmI ne zatapatha vyAkhyA meM bhaTTa kumArila ke ziSya prabhAkara ke matAnuyAyiyoM 20 kA nirdeza kiyA hai 'athavA sUtrANi, yathA vidhyuddeza iti prabhAkarAH-apaH praNayatIti yathA / hamArA hastalekha pRSTha 5 / harisvAmI kA kAla 3740 kalyabda-vi0 saM0 665 nizcita hai| hAM usake vacana kI bhinna vyAkhyA karane para harisvAmI kA kAla 25 3047 vikrama saMvat kA Arambha banatA hai| vikrama saMvat kA prArambha kali saMvat 3045 se hotA hai| yadi dvitIya kalpanA ko satya na bhI mAneM, taba bhI itanA to nizcita hI hai ki kumArila vi0 saM0 - 1. vikrama dvisahasrAbdI smAraka grantha meM paM0 sadAziva kAtra kA lekha / dra0-maM0 vyA0 itihAsa bhAga 1, pRSTha 388-386 (ca0 sN0)| 30

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450 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 665 se pUrvavartI hai / ataH usake ziSya maNDana mizra kA kAla bhI vikrama saM0 695 se pUrva hai / kI pAzcAttya vidvAnoM ne itsiMga ke vacana kI vivecanA karake bhartRhari mRtyu kA kAla 708 vikrama saMvat mAnA hai / aura usI ke AdhAra 5. para kumArila zaMkara maNDana mizra prabhRti kA kAla nirNaya kiyA hai, vaha saba azuddha hai / isakI mImAMsA ke liye dekhiye hamArA yahI grantha bhAga 1, pRSTha 387 - 365 ( ca0 saM0) / r TIkAkAra- paramezvara maNDana mizra viracita 'sphoTa siddhi' para RSiputra paramezvara kI 10 eka utkRSTa vyAkhyA haiM / yaha madrAsa vizvavidyAlaya granthamAlA meM chapa cukI hai| paricaya -: dakSiNa bhArata meM nAma rakhane kI jo paripATI hai, usake anusAra jyeSTha putra kA vahI nAma rakhA jAtA hai jo usake pitAmaha kA hotA hai / isa prakAra kA vaMza meM do hI nAma aneka paur3hiyoM taka 15 vyavahRta hote rahate haiM / isa kAraNa 'sphoTasiddhi' ke TIkAkAra kA kAla nirdhAraNa karanA atyanta duSkara hai / isa grantha ke sampAdaka ze0 kra0 rAmanAtha zAstrI ne isa viSaya meM jo chAna-bIna kI hai, usake anusAra unhoMne isakA vaMzavRkSa isa prakAra banAyA hai gaurI (patnI) + RSi+ bhavadAsa (bhrAtA) paramezvara (nyAyakaNikA kA vyAkhyAtA ) gopAlikA (patnI) RSi bhavadAsa vAsudeva subrahmaNya zaMkara paramezvara (gopAlikA praNetA) I RSi paramezvara ( mImAMsAsUtrArtha saMgrahakarttA ) 25 maNDana mizra kI 'sphoTasiddhi' ke vyAkhyAtA paramezvara kI mAtA kA nAma gopAlikA thaa| isa kAraNa isa TIkA kA lekhaka dvitIya RSi putra paramezvara hai /

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vyAkaraNa ke dArzanika granthakAra 451 kAla-'sphoTasiddhi' ke sampAdaka ne isa paramezvara kA kAla vikrama kI 16 vIM zatI mAnA hai| .. TIkA kA nAma -paramezvara ne 'sphoTasiddhi' kI TIkA kA nAma apanI mAtA ke nAma para gopAlikA rakhA hai| .. gopAlikA TIkA meM viziSTa uddharaNa-paramezvara ne gopAlikA 5 TIkA meM nirukta grantha para likhe gaye niruktavAttika ke 6 vacana uddhRta kiye haiM / ve isa prakAra haiMyathoktaM niruktavAttika eva 'prasAkSAt kRtadharmabhyaste'varebhyo yyaavidhi| . upadezena samprAdurmantrAn brAhmaNameva ca // artho'yamasya mantrasya braahmnnsyaaymitypi| vyAkhyaivAtropadezaH syAd vedArthasya vivakSitaH // azaktAstUpadezena grahItumapare vedamabhyastavantaste vedAGgAni ca yatnataH // bilma bhilmamiti tvAhaM bibhrtyryvivkssyaa| upAyo hi bibhartyarthamupameyaM vedagocaram // prathavA bhAsanaM bilma bhAsateHptikarmaNaH / : abhyAsena hi vedArtho bhAsyate dIpyate sphuTaya // prathamAH pratibhAnena dvitIyAstUpadezataH / . abhyAsena tRtIyAstu vedArtha pratipedire // niruktavAttika kI yaha vyAkhyA nirukta 1 / 20 ke 'sAkSAtkRtadharmANa RSayo babhUvuH / te'varebhyo'sAkSAtkRtadharmabhya upadezenaH mantrAn samprAduH / upadezAya glAyanto'vare bilmagrahaNAyemaM granthaM samAmnAsiSurvedaM ca vedAGgAni ca / bilma bhilma bhAsanamiti : vaa|' vacana kI hai| .. -- 25 1. mUlapATha 'bimma,bhimmamiti' hai| 2. yahAM bhI mUlapATha 'bimma' hai| . 3. mudrita saMskaraNa, pRSTha 211-212; zloka 162,.204, 205, 206, 210, 168 //

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452 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa - nirukta ke isa pATha meM 'imaM granthaM samAmnAsiSurvedaM ca vedAGgAni ca' padoM kI vyAkhyA meM bhAratIya tathA pAzcAttya vidvAnoM ne bahuta khIMcAtAnI kI hai| niruktavAttikakAra ne bhAratIya paramparA ke anusAra samAmnAsiSuH kA ThIka artha abhyastavantaste kiyA hai| svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI kI sUjha-svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ne apanI RgvedAdibhASyabhUmikA tathA RgvedabhASya 111 / 2 meM nirukta ke ukta vacana ko uddhRta karake vyAkhyA karate hue likhA hai ___ 'samAmnAsiSuH samyagabhyAsaM kaaritvntH'|' svAmI dayAnanda ke isa artha kI puSTi niruktavAttika ke ukta 10 vacana se hotI hai| niruktavAttika ke sambandha meM zrI paM0 bhagavaddatta kRta 'vaidika vAGmaya kA itihAsa' grantha ke 'vedoM ke bhASyakAra' nAmaka bhAga ke pRSTha 212-217 tathA paM0 vijayapAla vidyAvAridhi dvArA sampAdita isa grantha kA upoddhAta dekhanA caahie| 15 isa grantha kA pUrA nAma nirukta-zloka-vAttika hai / isake kartA kA nAma nIlakaNTha gArya (saMnyAsAzrama meM padma) thaa| maiMne isa grantha kA sampAdana prArambha kiyA thA, parantu zArIrika asvasthatA hone ke kAraNa ise pUrA nahIM kara sakA / ataH isakA sampAdana paM0 vijayapAla vidyAvAridhi ne kiyA hai aura yaha grantha saM0 2036 (san 1982) 20 meM prakAzita huA hai| - 7 bharatamizra bharatamizra viracita 'sphoTasiddhi' TriveNDram se san 1927 meM prakAzita ho cukI hai| - 1. RgvedAdibhASyabhUmikA pRSTha 386 (rA0 la0 ka0 Tra0 saM0) tathA 25 RgvedabhASya bhAga 1 ke prArambha meM pRSTha 366 (rA0 la0 ka0 Tra0 sN0)| RgvedabhASya (111 / 2) ke vaidika yantrAlaya ajamera ke chape saMskaraNoM meM 'samyagabhyAsArtha racitavantaH' apapATha hai / hastalekha ke 'samyagabhyAsaM kAritavantaH' zuddha pATha hai| draH hamAre dvArA sampAdita rA0 la0 ka0 Tra0 saMskaraNa, bhAga 1, pRSTha 447, Ti0 3 / 2. isa kA prakAzana 'zrI sAvitrI devI bAgaDiyA TrasTa kalakattA' ne kiyA hai| prApti sthAna-rAmalAla kapUra TrasTa bahAlagar3ha (soniipt-hryaannaa)|

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vyAkaraNa ke dArzanika granthakAra 453 paricaya-bharatamizra ne apanA kucha bhI paricaya apane grantha meM nahIM diyaa| na anya sthAna se isake deza-kAla Adi para koI prakAza par3atA hai| . . . ...... ___paM0 gaNapati zarmA ne jisa mUla pustaka para se isa grantha ko chApA thA, vaha anumAnataH do tIna sau varSa prAcIna hai, aisA unhoMne bhUmikA 5 pRSTha 3 para likhA hai| ___ 'sphoTasiddhi' kA eka hastalekha madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha saMgraha ke sUcIpatra bhAga 5, khaNDa 113 pRSTha 6426 saMkhyA 43768 para nirdiSTa hai| TriveNDram se san 1917 meM prakAzita ajJAtakartRka 'sphoTasiddhi- 10 nyAyavicAra ke prArambha meM maNDana ke pazcAt bharata kA nirdeza kiyA hai 'praNipatya gaNAdhIzaM girA devIM gruunpi| maNDanaM bharataM cApi munitrayamanuharim // ' : grantha paricaya-bharatamizra kI sphoTasiddhi meM nimna tIna pariccheda 1 pratyakSa pariccheda / 2-artha pariccheda / 3-pAgama pariccheda / isa grantha meM mUla kArikA bhAga aura usakI vyAkhyA donoM hI bharatamizrapraNIta haiN| viziSTa sthala- isa sphoTasiddhi ke nimna sthala vizeSa dhyAna dene yogya hai 1-bhagavadaudumbarAyaNAdyupadiSTAkhaNDabhAvamapi vyaJjakAropitanAntarIyakabhedakramavicchedAdiniviSTaH parairekAkAranirbhAsam anyathA siddhikRtyArthadhIhetutAM cAnyatra saMcArya bhagavadaudumbarAyaNAdInapi bhagavadupavarSAdibhinimAyApalapitam / pRSTha 1 / / __ arthAt-bhagavAn audumbarAyaNa Adi dvArA upadiSTa eka akhaNDa- 25 bhAva se pratIyamAna sphoTa ko vyaJjaka (dhvani) meM Aropita Avazyaka bheda Rma aura vicchedAdi meM niviSTabuddhi hokara anyoM ne anya prakAra se siddhi karake arthajJAna kAraNa ko anyatra saMcArita karake bhagavAn audumbarAyaNAdi muniyoM kI bhI pratidvandvatA meM bhagavAn upavarSa Adi ko upasthita karake apalApa kiyA hai| . 30

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44 saMskRta vyAkaraNa zAstra kA itihAsa yahAM bharata mizra ne zabara svAmI kI ora yaha saMketa kiyA haiM / zabara svAmI ne mImAMsA bhASya meM ( gau: = ) gakAra praukAra vijarsanIya ke kramika uccAraNa aura pUrva - pUrva varNajanita saMskAra ko arthajJAna meM kAraNa darzAyA hai / aura apane pakSa kI siddhi meM bhagavAn upavarSa kA 5 uddharaNa diyA / vaiyAkaraNa varNa dhvani se pratIyamAna akhaNDa ekarasa sphoTa ko arthajJAna meM kAraNa mAnate haiM / 2 - gakAraukAra visarjanIyA iti bhagavAn upavarSa iti bra uvANopalapati phalato na zrRNoti / upavarSo hi bhagavAn svarAnunAsikya - kAlabhedavad vRddhatAlavyAMzabhedavaccAkalpitabhedAzrayatvAt sakalasya 10 dvAdazalakSaNI vyavahArasya prakRtopayogitayA vyAvahArikameva zabdaM darzitavAn, na tAtvikam / prakRtAnupayogAditi tadvacanavirodho nAzaMkanIyaH / RSINAM hi sarveSAmasambhavadbhramavipralambhatvAt parasparavirodhastattvato nAstIti virodhAbhAseSvIdRzaH kalpanIyo'bhiprAyaH / pRSTha 28 / 15 arthAt -- [ zabara svAmI ] gakAra prakAra visarjanIya [ rUpa gau: zabda hai ] aisA kahatA huA apalApa karatA hai, taba se nahIM sunata ( jAnatA ) / bhagavAn upavarSa ne svara grAnunAsikya aura kAla bheda ke samAna vRddha ( ? ) tAlavya aMza bheda ke samAna sampUrNa dvAdazAdhyAyI mImAMsA ke vyavahAra kA kalpita bheda ke prazraya hone se prakRta ( mImAMsA) zAstra ke upayogI vyAvahArika zabda ( dhvanirUpa ) zabda kAhI nidarzana karAyA hai, tAttvika kA nahIM kyoMki vaha prakRtazAstra ke anupayogI thA / isaliye bhagavAn upavarSa ke virodha kI AzaMkA nahIM karanI caahiye| sabhI RSiyoM meM bhramavipralApa kA asambhava hone se paraspara tattvataH virodha nahIM hai / ' sarvatra virodhAbhAsa meM isI prakAra 25 [ aviruddha ] abhiprAya kI kalpanA karanI cAhiye / 20 8- sphoTasiddhinyAyavicAra-kartA mahAmahopAdhyAya gaNapati zarmA ne san 1917 meM TriveNDrama se sphoTa siddhinyAyavicAra nAmaka eka grantha prakAzita kiyA thA / isake karttA kA nAma ajJAta hai | ataH isakA kAla Adi bhI prajJAta hI hai / 30 1. svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ne apane satyArtha prakAza Adi granthoM meM isa mata kA vizeSarUpa se nirUpaNa kiyA hai|

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vyAkaraNa ke dArzanika granthakAra -455 isa grantha meM 245 kArikAe haiN| prathama kArikA isa prakAra hai 'praNipatya gaNAdhIzaM girAM devIM gurUnapi / maNDanaM bharataM cAdimunitrayamanuharim // ' isase spaSTa hai ki isa grantha kA racayitA bharata mizra se uttarakAliMka hai / 1 9 - 13 sphoTaviSayaka granthakAra ina tInoM granthoM ke atirikta sphoTa viSayaka nimna grantha bhI upalabdha hote haiM - granthakAra grantha * sphoTapratiSThA sphoTatattva sphoTacandrikA sphoTanirUpaNa sphoTavAda 6 - kezava kavi 10 - zeSa kRSNa kavi 11 - zrI kRSNa bhaTTa 12 - zrApadeva 13 - kunda bhaTTa 14 - vaiyAkaraNabhUSaNa - racayitA (saM0 1570-1650 vi0 ) 15 , mUla lekhaka-bhaTToji dIkSita, vyAkhyAkAra- kauNDabhaTTa pANinIya vaiyAkaraNoM meM sampratti vaiyAkaraNa bhUSaNa sAra nAmaka eka grantha prasiddha hai / isa grantha ke nAma ke anta meM sAra zabda ke zravaNa se ho spaSTa hai ki yaha kisI bar3e grantha kA saMkSepa hai / usakA nAma haivaiyAkaraNabhUSaNa / bhUSaNa kA kAla - vaiyAkaraNabhUSaNa kA mUla grantha kArikAtmaka haiM / kArikA kA lekhaka - mUla kArikAyoM kA lekhaka bhaTToji dIkSita hai / baha prArambha meM hI likhatA hai 'phaNibhASitabhASyAbdheH zabdakaustubha uddhRtaH / tatra nirNIta evArthaH saMkSepeNa kathyate // ' isase spaSTa hai ki isa kArikA grantha kA lekhaka bhaTToji dIkSita hai aura isakA nirmANa zabdakaustubha ke anantara huA haiM / kArikA kA vyAkhyAtA - bhaTToji dIkSita kI kArikAnoM para kauNDabhaTTa ne vyAkhyA likhI hai| isakA nAma hai- vaiyAkaraNabhUSaNa / 10 20 25

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456. saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa kauNDa bhaTTa kA paricaya-kauNDabhaTTa ne vaiyAkaraNabhUSaNa ke Adi meM apanA jo paricaya diyA hai, usake anusAra kauNDabhaTTa ke pitA kA nAma raGgojibhaTTa thA / vaha bhaTToji dIkSita kA laghu bhrAtA thaa| kauNDabhaTTa ne zeSakRSNa tanaya zeSa rAmezvara apara nAma sarvezvara se 5 vidyAdhyayana kiyA thaa| bhUSaNasAra ne anta meM vaha svayaM likhatA hai 'azeSaphaladAtAramapi sarvezvaraM gurum / zrImadbhUSaNasAreNa bhUSaye zeSabhUSaNam // kauNDabhaTTa sArasvata kulotpanna kAzI nivAsI thaa| kAla-guruprasAda zAstrI ne svasampAdita bhUSaNasAra ke Adi meM 10 bhUSaNasAra-lekhana kA kAla saM0 1660 vi0 likhA hai| hamAre vicAra meM yaha samaya ThIka hI hai / hamane isI grantha ke prathama bhAga meM pRSTha 531533 (ca0 saM0) para aneka pramANoM se siddha kiyA hai ki bhaTToji dIkSita kA kAla vi0 saM0 1570-1650 ke lagabhaga hai / ataH kauNDa bhaTTa kA kAla vi0 saM0 1600-1675 ke madhya rahA hogaa| vaiyAkaraNabhUSaNasAra ke vyAkhyAtA 1. harivallabha (saM0 1800 vi0) harivallabha ne vaiyAkaraNabhUSaNasAra para darpaNa nAmaka vyAkhyA likhI hai| paricaya-harivallabha ne apanI TIkA ke anta meM likhA hai iti zrImatkUrmAcalAbhijanotprabhAtIyopanAmakazrIvallabhAtmajaharivallabhaviracite bhUSaNasAradarpaNe sphoTavAdaH samAptaH / ' ___ isase itanA hI vyakta hotA hai ki harivallabha kA upanAma utprabhAtIya thaa| yaha zrI vallabha kA putra thA, aura isakA abhijana (== pUrvajoM kA nivAsa) kUrmAcala thaa| ____paM0 guruprasAda zAstrI ne svasampAdita bhUSaNasAra ke prArambha meM harivallabha ke lie likhA hai ki yaha saM0 1800 vi0 meM kAzI meM vartamAna thA / saM0 1854 meM vicarita bhUSaNasAra kI kAzikA TIkA meM darpaNa kA mata bahuta uddhRta hai| 2. haribhaTTa (saM0 1854 vi0) 30 haribhaTTa ne bhUSaNasAra para darpaNa nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai

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2/58 vyAkaraNa ke dArzanika granthakAra 457 . paricaya-haribhaTTa ne darpaNa ke anta meM apanA jo paricaya diyA hai, usase itanA hI vidita hotA hai ki haribhaTTa ke pitA kA nAma kezava dIkSita thA isakI mAtA kA nAma sakhI devI, aura jyeSTha bhrAtA kA nAma dhanurAja thaa| kAla-haribhaTTa ne darpaNa TokA likhane kA kAla svayaM isa prakAra 5 likhA hai 'yugabhUtadigAtmasammite vatsare gte| mArgazuklapakSe paurNamAsyAM vidhodine // rohiNIsthe candramasi vRzcikasthe divaakre| ___ samAptimagamad granthastena tuSyatu naH zivaH // 10 arthAt-san 1854 vyatIta hone para mArgazuklA paurNamAsI somavAra rohiNI nakSatra meM candramA aura vRzcika rAzi meM sUrya hone para yaha grantha samApta huaa| 3. mannudeva (saM0 1840-1870 vi0) mannudeva ne bhUSaNasAra para kAnti nAmaka vyAkhyA likhI hai| 15 paricaya-mannudeva vaidyanAtha pAyaguNDa kA ziSya hai|.. kAla-vaidyanAtha ke putra bAlazarmA ne manna deva aura mahAdeva kI sahAyatA,aura kolabuka kI AjJA se 'dharma-zAstra-saMgraha' likhA thaa| henarI TAmasa kolabuka bhArata meM san 1783-1815 arthAt vi0 saM0 1840-1815 taka rahA thaa| 20 bhairavamizra (saM0 1881 vi0) bhairavamizra ne bhUSaNasAra para parIkSA nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai| paricaya-bhairavamizra ne liGgAnuzAsana-vivaraNa ke anta meM jo apanA paricaya diyA hai, usake anusAra isake pitA kA nAma bhanadeva aura gotra agastya thaa|| 25 kAla-bhairavamizra ne laghuzabdenduzekhara kI candrakalA TIkA ke anta meM grantha-samApti kA kAla isa prakAra likhA hai 'zazyaSTasiddhicandrAkhye manmathe zubhavatsare / mAghe mAsyasite pakSe mUle kAmatithau zubhA / /

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. .. . rudranAtha . 458 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa pUrNA vAre dinmnneriynycndrklaabhidhaa| zabdenduzekharavyAkhyA bhairaveNa yathAmati // __ arthAt -saM0 1881 vi0 manmatha nAma ke saMvatsara mAgha kRSNapakSa mUla nakSatra kAmatithi ravivAra ke dina candrakalA TIkA pUrNa huii| 5. isase spaSTa hai ki bhairavamizra kA kAla saM0 1850-1600 vi0 taka mAnanA ucita hogaa| 5. rudranAtha . rudranAtha ne bhUSaNasAra para vivRtti nAmaka TIkA likhI hai| isake viSaya meM hama adhika kucha nahIM jaante| 6. kRSNamitra * kRSNamitra ne bhUSaNasAra para ratnaprabhA nAmnI vRtti likhI hai| kRSNamitra ne zabdakaustubha para 'bhAvapradIpa' nAma kI eka vyAkhyA bhI likhI hai / isakA ullekha hama prathama bhAga pRSTha 534 (za0 saM0) para kara cuke haiN| . uparyukta TIkAkAroM ke atirikta anya katipaya vaiyAkaraNoM ne bhI bhUSaNasAra para TIkA grantha likhe haiM / vistArabhaya se hama yahAM una kA nirdeza nahIM krte| 15-nAgezabhaTTa (saM0 1730-1810 vi0) nAgeza bhaTTa ne vaiyAkaraNasammata vaiyAkaraNasiddhAntamaJjUSA 20 nAmaka eka dArzanika grantha likhA hai| paricaya-nAgezabhaTa ke deza kAla Adi kA paricaya isa grantha ke prathama bhAga pRSTha 467-466 (ca0 saM0) para likha cuke haiM / __ maJjUSA kA nirmANa kAla-nAgezabhaTTa ne maJjUSA kI racanA mahAbhASya pradIpodyota' aura paribhASenduzekhara se pUrva kI thii| 25 maJjUSA ke anya do pATha-nAgeza ne maJjUSA ke bRhat pATha ke anantara laghumaJjUSA aura usake anantara paramalaghumaJjUSA kI racanA kii| 1. adhika maJjUSAyAM draSTavyam / pradIpodyota 4 / 3 / 101 //

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vyAkaraNa ke dArzanika granthakAra 456 TIkAkAra 1-durbalAcArya-durbalAcArya ne vaiyAkaraNa siddhAMtamaMjUSA para kujiko nAmnI eka TIkA likhI hai| yaha chapa cukI hai| isake viSaya meM isase adhika hama kucha nahIM jaante| 2-vaidyanAtha-vaidyanAtha pAyaguNDa ne vaiyAkaraNasiddhAMtamaJjUSA 5 para kalA nAma kI TIkA likhI hai / yaha TIkA bAlambhaTTa ke nAma se prasiddha hai| isa TIkA ke prArambha meM ___ 'pAyaguNDo vaidyanAthabhaTTaH kurve svbuddhye|' spaSTa nirdeza hone se bAlambhaTTa vaidyanAtha kA hI nAmAntara pratIta hotA hai| - paricaya-vaidyanAtha pAyaguNDa ke viSaya meM hama prathama bhAga ke pRSTha 466 (ca0 saM0) para likha cuke haiM / vaidyanAtha kA kAla saM0 17501825 vi. ke madhya hai| vaidyanAtha ke putra kA nAma bAlazarmA thA, aura isakA ziSya mannudeva thA / dra0-prathama bhAga, pRSTha 468 (ca0 sN0)| . 16-brahmadeva vaiyAkaraNasiddhAMtamaJjUSA-kA eka hastalekha madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha saMgraha ke sUcIpatra bhAga 3 khaNDa 1 A pRSTha 2704 saMkhyA 1947 para nirdiSTa hai / usake racayitA kA nAma brahmadeva likhA hai / ___ yadi sUcIpatrakAra kA lekha ThIka ho, to vaiyAkaraNasiddhAntamaJjaSA nAma ke do grantha mAnane hoNge| eka nAgeza kRta, dUsarA brahma- 20 deva kRt| yaha bhI sambhava hai ki ukta hastalekha nAgeza kI vaiyAkaraNasiddhAnta maJjUSA kI brahmadeva viracita TIkA kA ho| isakA nirNaya mUla hastalekha ke darzana se hI ho sakatA hai| . jagadIza tarkAlaMkAra (saM0 1710 vi0) . jagadIza tarkAlaMkAra bhaTTAcArya ne zabdazaktiprakAzikA nAmaka eka praur3ha grantha likhA hai| yadyapi yaha grantha pradhAnatayA nyAyazAstra kA hai, tathApi vaiyAkaraNa-siddhAnta ke sAtha vizeSa sambandha rakhane ke kAraNa hama isakA yahAM nirdeza kara rahe haiN| ...

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460 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa paricaya-jagadIza tarkAlaMkAra ke pitAmaha kA nAma sanAtana mizra aura pitA kA nAma yAdavacandra vidyAvAgIza thaa| sanAtana mizra caitanya mahAprabhu ke zvazura the| jagadIza ke 4 bhAI aura the| yaha una meM tRtIya thaa| 5 jagadIza tarkAlaMkAra ne nyAyazAstra kA adhyayana bhavAnanda siddhAnta vAgIza se kiyA thaa| ___ jagadIza tarkAlaMkAra ne saM0 1710 vi0 meM 'zabdazaktiprakAzikA' kI racanA kI hai| isake atirikta nyAya ke anya bhI kaI grantha jagadIza tarkAlaMkAra ne likhe haiN| vyAkhyAkAra 1. kRSNakAnta vidyAvAgIza -kRSNakAnta vidyAvAgIza ne zabdazaktiprakAzikA' para eka vistRta TIkA likhI hai| kRSNakAnta ke guru rAmanArAyaNa tarkapaJcAnana nAmaka vaidika vidvAn the| ye navadvIpa ke nivAsI the| inake vaMzaja samprati bhI 15 navadvIpa meM gaGgApAra vidyamAna haiM, aisI anuzruti hai| - kRSNakAnta ne apanI TIkA kA lekhanakAla svayaM zaka saM0 1723 likhA hai 'zAke rAmAkSizelakSitiparigaNite karkaTe yAti bhAnau / ' tadanusAra yaha TIkA saM0 1858 vi0 meM likhI gii| kRSNakAnta ne zaka saM0 1740 tadanusAra vi0 saM0 1875 meM nyAyasUtra para sUtrasaMdIpanI TIkA bhI likhI hai| 2-rAmabhadra siddhAntavAgIza-navadvIpa nivAsI rAmabhadra siddhAntavAgIza ne bhI 'zabdazaktiprakAzikA' para eka laghu TIkA likhI hai / isakA nAma subodhinI hai| ___ rAmabhadra kA kAla ajJAta hai, parantu donoM TIkAoM kI tulanA se vidita hotA hai ki rAmabhadra kI TIkA kRSNakAnta kI TIkA se prAcIna _isa prakAra isa adhyAya meM vyAkaraNa ke dArzanika granthakAroM kA varNana karake agale adhyAya meM lakSya-pradhAna vaiyAkaraNa kaviyoM kA varNana 30 kreNge|

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tIsavAM adhyAya lakSya-pradhAna kAvya-zAstrakAra vaiyAkaraNa kavi zAstrIya vAGmaya meM lakSya-pradhAna kAvyoM ke lie kAvyazAstra zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai / kSemendra ne 'suvRtta - tilaka' nAmaka grantha ke tRtIya vinyAsa ke Arambha meM likhA hai 'zAstraM kAvyaM zAstrakAvyaM kAvyazAstraM ca bhedataH / catuSprakAraH prasaraH satAM sArasvato mataH // 2 // zAstra kAvyavidaH prAhuH sarva kAvyAGgalakSaNam / kAvyaM viziSTazabdArthasAhityasadalaMkRti // 3 // zAstrakAvyaM caturvargaprAyaM sarvopadezakRt / bhaTTibhaumakAvyAdi kAvyazAstraM pracakSate // 4 // ' arthAt - sArasvataprasAra zAstra, kAvya, zAstrakAvya aura kAvyazAstra ke bheda se cAra prakAra kA hai / kAvyavid AcArya saba prakAra ke kAvya-kAvyAGgoM ke lakSaNa bodhaka grantha ko zAstra kahate haiM / viziSTa zabda aura artha se yukta uttama alaMkRta grantha ko kAvya' kahate 15 haiN| cAroM vargoM kA upadeza dene vAlA grantha zAstrakAvya kahAtA haiM / * aura bhaTTi bhaumaka Adi kAvya kAvyazAstra' kahAte haiM / isa lakSaNa se spaSTa hai ki jo grantha kAvya hotA huA kisI vizeSa viSaya kA zAsana kare, vaha kAvyazAstra padavAcya hotA hai / 1. yathA - kAvyaprakAza, sAhityadarpaNa Adi / 2. yathA - raghuvaMza Adi / 3. tulanA karo - tadadoSau zabdArthoM saguNavAn analaMkRti punaH kvApi / kAvyaprakAza / 4. yathA - rAmAyaNa mahAbhAratAdi / 20 5. bhaumaka -- rAvaNArja nIya kAvya / 6. 'kAvyazAstravinodena kAlo gacchati dhImatAm / vyasanena ca mUrkhANAM nidrayA kalahena vA // sUkti meM nirdiSTa 'kAvyazAstra' zabda kA yahI viziSTa 25 pAribhASika artha abhipreta hai, na ki sAmAnya kAvya grantha /

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562 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa sAhitya-granthoM meM aneka aise kAvya haiM, jo vyAkaraNazAstra kA vodha karAne ke vizeSa uddezya se likhe gaye haiM / yadyapi uktalakSaNAnusAra isa prakAra ke granthoM ke liye kAvyazAstra pada rUr3ha hai, punarapi isa zabda kI ukta vizeSa artha meM prasiddhi na hone se hamane lakSya-pradhAna kAvya zabda kA vyavahAra kiyA hai, vA kreNge| isa adhyAya meM isI prakAra ke lakSya pradhAna kAvyoM kA varNana kiyA jaayegaa| .. - 'lakSya-pradhAna kAvyoM kI racanA kA prayojana--vyAkaraNa zabda * ke artha para vicAra karate hue bhagavAn kAtyAyana ne likhA hai - 'lakSyalakSaNe vyaakrnnm|' 10 isa vArtika kI vyAkhyA pataJjali ne isa prakAra kI hai 'lakSyaM lakSaNaM caitat samuditaM vyAkaraNaM bhavati / kiM punarlakSyam ? kiM vA lakSaNam ? zabdo lakSyaH, sUtraM lakSaNam / ' mahA0 navA0, pRSTha * 71 (bambaI sN0)| .. arthAta - lakSya aura lakSaNa milakara vyAkaraNa kahAtA hai| lakSya 15 zabda hai, aura lakSaNa sUtra / ___ vyAkaraNa zabda vi prAG do upasarga pUrvaka kR dhAtu se lyuT pratyaya hokara banatA hai| lyUTa pratyaya karaNa adhikaraNa Adi aneka arthoM meM hotA hai / karaNa meM lyuTa hone para vyAkaraNa zabda kA artha . 'vyAkriyante zabdA aneneti vyaakrnnm|' 20 vyutpatti ke anusAra lakSaNa =sUtra hotA hai| parantu karma meM lyuT ___hone para - 'vyAkriyate yat tat vyAkaraNam / ' ___ vyutpattyanusAra vyAkaraNa zabda kA artha lakSya arthAt zabda hotA 25. pataJjali ne spaSTa likhA hai'ayaM tAvad pradoSaH-yaducyate 'zabde lyuDarthaH' iti / nAvazyaM karaNAdhikaraNayoreva lyuD vidhiiyte| kintahi ? anyeSvapi kArakeSu 'kRtyalyuTo bahulam' iti / tadyathA -praskandanaM prapatanamiti / mahA0 navA0 pRSTha 71) / '

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vyAkaraNa ke dArzanika granthakAra . 463 arthAt - yaha doSa nahIM hai, jo kahA hai ki -- ' zabda ko vyAkaraNa mAnane para lyuT kA artha upapanna nahIM hotA / ' nahIM Avazyaka rUpa se karaNa aura adhikaraNa meM hI lyuT kA vidhAna kiyA hai, apitu anya kArakoM meM bhI -- 'kRtyalyuTo bahulam ( kRtya aura lyuT bahula karake sAmAnya-vidhAna se anyatra bhI hote haiM) sUtra dvArA / jaise-- praskandana 5 prapatana [ meM apAdAna meM lyuT dekhA jAtA hai ] / isa vivecanA se spaSTa hai ki vyAkaraNa zabda kA kSetra lakSya aura lakSaNa donoM taka abhivyApta hai / lakSaNamAtra ke liye vyAkaraNa zabda kA prayoga proktarUpa artha vizeSa ko lekara hotA hai / ' 10 vyAkaraNa zabda ke uparinirdiSTa vyApaka artha ko dRSTi meM rakha kara aneka vyAkaraNa pravaktAoM ne jahAM lakSaNa granthoM kA pravacana kiyA, vahAM una lakSaNoM kI caritArthatA darzAne ke liye unake lakSyabhUta zabdavizeSoM ko saMgRhIta karake lakSyarUpa kAvyagranthoM kI bhI sRSTi kI / lakSya-pradhAna kAvyoM kI racanA kaba se prArambha huI, isa viSaya meM itihAsa mauna hai | parantu mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali ne kisI lakSya-pradhAna 15 kAvya kA eka sundara zloka mahAbhASya pra0 11056 meM uddhRta kiyA hai / vaha isa prakAra hai 20 'stoSyAmyahaM pAdikamaudavAhiM tataH zvabhUte zAtanoM pAtanIM ca / netArAvAgacchatAM dhAraNa rAvaNa ca tataH pazcAt strasyate dhvaMsyate ca // ' isa zloka meM acaH parasmin pUrvavidhau ( 0 1|1|56 ) sUtra ke prayojana nidarzaka pAdika zradavAhi zAtanI pAtanI dhAraNi rAvaNi nAmoM kA, tathA trasyate dhvaMsyate triyAoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai / mahAbhASyakAra ne kAni punarasya yogasya prayojanAni ke prasaGga meM prayojana ke nidarzanArtha isa zloka ko upasthita kiyA hai | 25 isa bloka meM 'zvabhUti' ko sambodhana kiyA gayA hai / kaiyaTa ne zvabhUtirnAma ziSyaH likhA hai / aneka vidvAnoM kA mata hai ki 'zvabhUti' pANinikA ziSya thA / zvabhUti ne aSTAdhyAyI kI koI vRtti bho * 1. proktAdayazca taddhitA nopapadyante - pANininA proktaMpANinIyam grapizalam, kAzakRtsnamiti / nahi pANininA zabdAH proktAH kintarhi ? sUtram / ( mahA0 navA0 pRSTha 70 ) 30 "

Page #489
saMskata vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa likhI thii| isakA nirdeza hama aSTAdhyAyI ke vRttikAra prakaraNa meM bhAga 1 pRSTha 481 (ca0 saM0) para kara cuke haiN| ___mahAbhASya ke ukta uddharaNa se itanA to spaSTa hai ki lakSya-pradhAna kAvyoM kI racanA mahAbhASya se pUrva ho cukI thii| lakSyapradhAna vaiyA5 karaNoM meM kucha aise vaiyAkaraNa bhI haiM, jinhoMne lakSaNagranthoM kA to svatantra pravacana nahIM kiyA, parantu pUrva prasiddha lakSaNagranthoM ko dRSTi meM rakhate hue kevala lakSyarUpa kAvya granthoM kI hI racanA kI / yahAM hama ubhaya prakAra ke vaiyAkaraNoM dvArA sRSTa kAvyagranthoM kA nirdeza kreNge| 1-pANini (2800 vi0 pUrva) 10 prAcIna vaiyAkaraNoM meM pANini hI aise vaiyAkaraNa haiM, jinakA kAvyasraSTutva na kevala vaiyAkaraNa-nikAya meM AbAlavRddha prasiddha hai apitu kAvyavAGmaya ke itihAsa meM bhI mUrddhAbhiSikta hai| - pANini ke kAvya kA nAma jAmbavatIvijaya hai| isakA dUsarA nAma pAtAlavijaya bhI hai / ' bhagavAn pANini ne isa mahAkAvya meM zrI 15 kRSNa ke pAtAla loka meM jAkara jAmbavatI ke vijaya maura pariNaya kI kathA kA varNana kiyA hai| pAzcAttya vidvAnoM tathA unake anuyAyiyoM kI kalpanA-DAkTara pITarsana Adi pAzcAttya vidvAnoM tathA tadanugAmI DA0 bhaNDArakara Adi katipaya bhAratIya vidvAn jAmbavatI vijaya ke upalabdha uddharaNoM 20 kI lAlityapUrNa sarasa racanA aura kvacit vyAkaraNa ke utsarga niyamoM kA ullaGgana dekhakara kahate haiM ki yaha kAvya zuSka vaiyAkaraNa pANini kI kRti nahIM hai| ukta kalpanA kA mithyAtva-vastutaH satya bhAratIya itihAsa ke prakAza meM ukta kalpanA sarvathA mithyA hai, ataeva nitAnta heya hai| 25 bhAratIya vAGmaya meM asandigdha rUpa se ise vaiyAkaraNa pANini kI 1. sItArAma jaya rAma jozI ema. e. aura vizvanAtha zAstrI ema. e. ne saMskRta sAhitya kA saMkSipta itihAsa' grantha meM jAmbavatIvijaya aura pAtAlavijaya do pRthak kAvya grantha mAne haiM / pRSTha 17 / yaha aitihya viruddha hone se unakI bhUla hai|

Page #490
2156 lakSya-pradhAna kAvyazAstrakAra vaiyAkaraNa kavi 465 racanA mAnA hai| aneka vaiyAkaraNa aSTAdhyAyI se aprasiddha zabdoM kA sAdhutva darzAne ke liye isa kAvya ko pANinIya mAnakara uddhata karate pAzcAttya vidvAnoM ne 'iti+ha+Asa' jaise satya viSaya meM sarvathA kalpanAtroM se kArya liyA hai| granthanirmANa meM mantrakAla, brAhmaNakAla, 5 sUtrakAna Adi kI kalpanA karake samasta bhAratIya vAGmaya ko avyavasthita evaM kaluSita kara diyA hai| ve samajhate hai ki pANini sUtrakAla kA vyakti hai| usake samaya bahuvidha chandogumphita sarasa sAlaGkRta grantha kI racanA nahIM ho sktii| kyoMki usa samaya sarasa kAvya-nirmANa kA prArambha nahIM hayA thaa| aise granthoM kA samaya sUtrakAla 10 ke bahuta anantara hai| hama isa grantha ke prathama adhyAya meM aneka prAcIna pramANoM se siddha kara cuke haiM ki bhAratIya vAGmaya meM pAzcAttya rIti para kiye kAlavibhAga kI kalpanA upapanna nahIM ho sktii| jina RSiyoM ne mantra aura brAhmaNoM kA pravacana kiyA thA, unhoMne hI dharmasUtra, Ayurveda, 15 vyAkaraNa aura rAmAyaNa tathA mahAbhArata jaise sarasa sAlaGkRta mahAkAvyoM kI racanAeM kii| viSaya aura racanAbheda se bhASA meM bheda honA atyanta svAbhAvika hai| harSa ne jo khaNDanakhAdya jaise navyanyAyagumphita karNakaTu grantha kI racanA kI, vahAM naiSadha jaisA sarasa madhara mahAkAvya bhI bnaayaa| kyA donoM meM bhASA kA atyanta pArthakya 2. hone se ye donoM grantha eka vyakti kI racanA nahIM hai ? pAzcAttya vidvAn mantrakAla ko sabase prAcIna mAnate haiN| kyA 1. bhASAvRtti 214174, pRSTha 106 / durghaTavRtti 4 / 3 / 23, pRSTha 82 // 2. dekho-prathama bhAga pRSTha 21-24 (ca0 sNskrnn)| 3. dra0-vAtsyAyana nyAyabhASya 201468, 4162 // vizeSa draSTavya 25 prathamabhAga pRSTha 22-24 (ca0 saM0) / 4. rAmAyaNa ke racayitA vAlmIki bhI eka zAkhApravaktA the / vAlmIkiprokta zAkhA ke aneka niyama taittirIya prAtizAkhya (136 // 6 // 4 // 15) meM upalabdha hote haiM / mahAbhAratakartA kRSNa dvaipAyana kA zAkhApravaktRtva bhAratIya itihAsa kA sarvavidita tathya hai|

Page #491
5 466 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa unakI racanA chandobaddha aura sarasa sAlakRta nahIM hai ? kyA brAhmaNagranthoM meM rAmAyaNa mahAbhArata manusmRti Adi jaisI bhASA, aura tAdaza chandoM meM racI yajJagAthAyeM nahIM par3hI haiM ? bhAratIya itihAsa ke anusAra kRSNadvaipAyana vyAsa vaidika zAkhAoM kA pravaktA, brahmasUtroM kA racayitA, aura mahAbhArata jaise bahanItigumphita sarasa sAlaGkRta aitihAsika mahAkAvya kA nirmAtA hai| isameM kiJcinmAtra sandeha kA avasara nahIM hai| kahAM taka kaheM, bhAratIya itihAsa ke anusAra rAmAyaNa jaise mahAkAvya kA racanAkAla vartamAna zAkhAoM aura brAhmaNa granthoM ke saMkalana se bahuta prAcIna hai| 10. pAzcAttya lekhakoM ko bhaya thA ki yadi pANini ke samaya meM aise vividhachandoyukta lalita tathA sarasa kAvya kI racanA kA sadbhAva mAna liyA jAegA, to unakA kalpita aitihAsika kAlakrama, tathA usa para bar3e prayatna se nirmita unakA aitihAsika prAsAda tatkSaNa dhali sAt ho jaaegaa| isaliye jaise koI mithyAvAdI apane eka asatya 15 ko chipAne ke liye aneka asatya vacanoM kA Azraya letA hai, usI prakAra pAzcAttya vidvAnoM ne apanI kAlpanika aitihAsika kAla paramparA kI rakSA ke liye aneka asatya pakSoM kI udbhAvanA kii| isalie pAzcAttya lekhakoM ke likhane se, athavA muTThIbhara unake anuyAyI aGgarejI par3he likhe logoM ke kahane mAtra se bhAratIya vAGmaya meM eka 20 svara se svIkRta "jAmbavatI vijaya' mahAkAvya kA kartRtva mahAmuni 'pANini se kathamapi haTAyA nahIM jA sktaa| alaMkAra-DA0 prahlAda kumAra ne apane 'Rgvede 'laMkArAH' nAmaka grantha meM likhA hai ___ pANinIyatantre upamAlaMkArasya sAGgopAGga vivecanaM nayanamocarI 2.5 bhavati / pRSTha 84 / arthAta-pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI meM upamAlaMkAra kA sAGgopAGga varNana upalabdha hotA hai| . . -'pANini ke kAla meM vividha laukika chandoM kA sadbhAva-mahAmuni piGgala pANini kA anuja hai, yaha bhAratIya itihAsa meM sarvaloka prasiddha bAta hai| piGgala ne apane chandaHzAstra meM vividha prakAra ke 30 laukika chandoM ke aneka bheda-prabhedoM kA vistAra se ullekha kiyA hai|

Page #492
lakSya pradhAna kAvyazAstrakAra vaiyAkaraNa: kavi. 467.. isaliye pANinIya kAvya meM aneka prakAra kI chandoracanA kA:upalabdha. honA sarvathA svAbhAvika haiN| .... pANini ke kAla meM citrakAvyoM kI sattA-itane para bhI joM loga durAgrahavaza pANini ke kAla meM vividha laukika chandoM ke bheda-- prabhedoM kI sattA svIkAra karane ko taiyAra nahIM hote, unake parito- 5 SArtha durjana santoSa nyAya se pANini ke vyAkaraNa (jise pAzcAttya bhI pANinIya hI mAnate haiM) se hI katipayaH aise pramANa upasthita karate haiM, jinase sUrya ke prakAza ko bhAMti spaSTa ho jAegA ki pANini se pUrva na kevala lokika chabda hI pUrNa vikAsa ko prApta ho cuke the, apitu usase pUrva vividha prakAra ke citrakAvyoM kI racanA bhI sahRdayoM ke 10 manoM ko prAhlAdita karatI thii| isa viSaya meM pANini ke nimna. sUtra draSTavya haiMka-aSTAdhyAyI kA eka sUtra haiM: ... saMjJAyAm / 3 / 4 / 4 / / . arthAt-adhikaraNavAcI. upapada hone: para: 'kadha' dhAtu se saMjJAH, 15' viSaya.meM Namul' pratyaya hotA hai||. ... .. isa sUtra kI vRtti meM kAzikAkAra ne krauJcabandha banAti,, mayU-.. rikAbandhaM. badhnAti udAharaNa dekara spaSTa likhA hai- ..... ___ bandhavizeSANAM nAmadheyAnyetAni / arthAt-ye badha (=kAvyabandha) vizeSoM ke nAma haiN| .kha-aSTAdhyAyIM ke SaSThAdhyAya meM dUsarA sUtra hai- bacaHvibhASA: 6 // 3 // 13 // arthAt - 'bandha' uttarapada hone para halanta aura adanta zabdoM se pare : saptamI vibhakti kA vikalpa se luka hotA hai| .:. kAzikAkAra ne isa.sUtra para nimna udAharaNa diye haiM- 25 haste kadhaH, hastabandhaH / cakre bandhaH, cakrabandhaH / . isI sUtra kI vRtti meM kAzikAkAra ne pratyudAharaNa diyA hai :'haladantAdityeva-guptibandhoM /

Page #493
468 . saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ina udAharaNoM aura pratyudAharaNa se spaSTa hai ki pANini se pUrva kAla meM citrakAvya rUpa bandhavizeSoM kA pracura vyavahAra hone laga gayA thaa| ___ 'yAjJika zyanacit prAdi ke sAtha cakrabandha Adi kA sAdRzya-yajJa 5 sambandhI zyenacit kaDUcit' Adi RtuvidhiyoM ke sAtha chandazAstra sambandhI cakrabandha krauJcabandha guptibandha Adi kI tulanA karane se inameM paraspara adbhuta sAdRzya dikhAI detA hai / yajJa meM zyena Adi prAkAra kI niSpatti ke lie vibhinna prakAra kI iSTakAyoM kA aise DhaMga se cayana karanA hotA hai ki una iSTakAoM ke cayana se zyena Adi 10 kI prAkRti niSpanna ho jAtI hai| isI prakAra cakrabandha krauJcabandha guptibandha Adi meM bhI zabdoM kA cayana athavA bandhana isa DhaMga se kiyA jAtA hai ki usa para rekhAeM khIMca dene para cakra krauJca aura gupti Adi kI AkRti bana jAtI hai| pAzcAttya vidvAn isa viSaya meM to sahamata haiM ki pANini se pUrva 15 zyenacit kaGkacit Adi cayanayAgoM kA udbhava ho cukA thaa| aisI avasthA meM unake anukaraNa para nirmita cakrabandha krauJcabandha guptibandha Adi citrakAvyoM kI sattA meM kyA vipratipatti ho sakatI hai ? aura vaha bhI usa avasthA meM jaba ki pANini ke vyAkaraNasatroM dvArA krauJcabandha cakrabandha guptibandha Adi ke sAdhutva kA spaSTa nidarzana ho 20 rahA hai| aba raha jAtA hai jAmbavatIvijaya ke gRhya Adi aise prayogoM kA prazna jo pANini ke lakSaNoM se sAkSAt upapanna nahIM hote / isakA uttara yaha hai ki pANini ne apane jisa zabdAnuzAsana kA pravacana kiyA hai, vaha atyanta saMkSipta hai| usameM prAyaH utsarga sUtroM ke alpa 25 prayukta zabdaviSayaka apavAda sUtroM kA vidhAna nahIM kiyA hai| itanA hI nahIM, yadi pANini ke utsarga niyamoM se sAkSAt prasiddha zabdoM ke 1. chandaHzAstra kI pravRtti kaba huI, isake parijJAna ke liye dekhiye hamAre "vaidika chandomImAMsA' grantha kA 'chandaHzAstra kI prAcInatA' adhyAya, tathA 'chandaHzAstra kA itihAsa' grantha (yaha zIghra chpemaa)| 30 2. zyenacitaM cinvIta, kaGkacitaM cinviit|

Page #494
lakSya-pradhAna kAvyazAstrakAra vaiyAkaraNa kavi 469 prayoga ke AdhAra para hI jAmbavatIvijaya ko apANinIya kahA jAe, to kyA usake apane vyAkaraNazAstra meM sAkSAt sUtroM se prasiddha lagabhaga 100 prayogoM kI upalabdhi hone se aSTAdhyAyoM ko bhI apANinIya nahIM kahA jA sakatA? aba hama una granthakAroM ke vacana uddhRta karate haiM, jinhone vaiyA- 5 karaNa pANini ko hI jAmbavatIvijaya kA racayitA mAnA hai 1-rAjazekhara (saM0 150 vi0) ne pANini kI prazaMsA meM nimnalikhita padya par3hA hai _ 'namaH pANinaye tasmai ysmaadaavirbhuuvih| prAdau vyAkaraNaM kAvyamanujAmbavatIvijayam // 10 2-zrIdharadAsakRta 'saduktikarNAmRta' (saM0 1200 vi0) meM . subandhu, raghukAra (dvitIya kAlidAsa), haricandra, bhAravi tathA bhavabhUti Adi kaviyoM ke sAtha dAkSIputra kA bhI nAma likhA hai| dAkSIputra vaiyAkaraNa pANini kA hI paryAya hai, yaha hama pUrva likha cuke haiM / yathA 'subandhau bhaktinaH ka iha raghukAre na ramate, .. . 15 tirdAlIputra harati haricandro'pi hRdayam / vizuddhoktiH zUraH prakRtimadhurA bhAravigira stathApyantarmodaM kamapi bhvbhuutivitnute||' 3- kSemendra (vi0 12 vIM zatAbdI) ne 'suvRttatilaka' chandograntha meM pANini ke upajAti chanda kI atyanta prazaMsA kI hai| vaha 20 likhatA hai 'spRhaNIyatvacaritaM paanninerupjaatibhiH| camatkArakasArAbhirudyAnasyeva jaatibhiH||' 1. ekAkSarAdhikeyamanuSTupa / laukika chandoM meM bhI bhurik nit bheda hote haiN| isake lie dekhiye-hamAre 'vaidikachandomImAMsA' grantha ke pRSTha 213- 25 216 / 2. samudragupta viracita kRSNacarita meM bhI rAjakavi varNana meM 'haricandra' nAma kA hI nirdeza milatA hai| kRSNacarita kA upalabdha svalpatama bhAga hamane tIsare bhAga meM 7 veM pariziSTa meM chApA hai| vahAM dekheN|

Page #495
saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 4-mahArAja, samudragupta viracita 'kRSNacaritra kA kucha aMza upalabdha huA hai| usake prArambha meM 10 muni kaviyoM kA varNana hai| Arambha ke 12 zloka khaNDita haiM / agale zlokoM se vidita hotA hai ki. khaNDita zlokoM meM pANini kA varNana avazya thaa| vararuci kAtyAyana ke prasaMga meM likhA hai- . . 'na kevalaM vyAkaraNaM pupoSa dAkSIsutasyeritavAtikaryaH / kAvye'pi bhUyo'nucakAra taM vai kAtyAyano'sau kavikarmadakSaH // 10 // arthAt-kAtyAyana ne kevala vArtikoM se pANinIya sUtroM ko hI puSTa nahIM kiyA, apitu usane kAvya meM bhI pANini kA anukaraNa kiyA hai| punaH mahAkavi bhAsa ke prakaraNa meM likhA hai-. 'ayaM ca nAnvayAt pUrNa dAmoputrapadakramam // 26 // arthAt -isa (bhAsa) ne dAkSIputra ke padakrama ( = vyAkaraNa) kAH pUrNa anvaya (=anugamana) nahIM kiyaa| 15 bhAsa ke nATakoM meM bahudhA, prayukta apANinIya zabda isa tathya ko sAkSAt ujAgara karate haiN|' __5-mahAmuni pataJjali ne. 1 / 4 / 51 ke mahAbhASya meM pANini ko kavi likhA hai- 'vizAsiguNena ca yat sacate tadarkotitamAcaritaM kvinaa|''.. 20. 6-vikrama kI 12 vIM zatAbdI meM hone vAlA puruSottamadeva apanI 'bhASAvRtti meM pANinIya sUtra 214 / 74 kI vyAkhyA kI puSTi meM jAmbavatIvijaya kAvya ko pANinIya mAnakara uddhRtaHkaratA hai| 7-puruSottamadeva se kucha parabhAvo'zaraNadeva ne bhI apanI 'durghaTavRtti' meM bahutra pANini ke jAmbavatIvijaya ko sUtrakAra pANini kA. 25 kAvya mAnakara pramANarUpa se uddhRta kiyA hai / yathA 43 / 23, pRSTha 82 (prathama saMskaraNa) . . 1. dra0-prathama bhAga pRSTha 42, 44 (ca0 saM0) 2. iti pANinerjAmbavatIvijayakAvyam /

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lakSya-pradhAna kAvyazAstrakAra vaiyAkaraNa kavi 471 8- 'yazastilakacampU' meM somadeva sUri ne likhA hai'paNiputra iva padaprayogeSu / ' prA0 2, pRSTha 226 // yahAM somadeva sUri ne pANini ke jina viziSTa pada-prayogoM kI ora saMketa kiyA hai, ve nizcita hI jAmbavatIvijaya meM prayukta . viziSTa pada haiN| pANinIya sUtrapATha ke nahIM ho skte| ina pramANoM se siddha hai ki 'jAmbavatIvijaya mahAkAvya' aura zabdAnuzAsana kA racayitA pANini eka hI hai| jAmbavatIvijaya kA parimANa-jAmbavatIvijaya isa samaya anu'palabdha hai| ata: usake viSaya meM vizeSa likhanA asambhava hai| durghaTavRttikAra zaraNadeva ne jAmbavatIvijaya ke 18 veM sarga kA eka uddharaNa diyA hai|' usase vidita hotA hai ki jAmbavatIvijaya meM nyUna se nyUna 18 sarga avazya the| jAmbavatIvijaya ke uddharaNa-isa mahAkAvya ke uddharaNa nimna 'granthoM meM upalabdha hote haiM 1. alaGkArakaustubha-kavikarNapUra 2. alaGkAra tilaka- .. 3. alaGkArazekhara-jIvanAtha 4. alaGkArasarvasva- ruyyaka 5. kavIndravacana samuccaya6. kAtantra dhAtuvRtti-rAmanAtha 7. kuvalayAnanda-appayya dIkSita . 8. gaNaratna mahodadhi- vardhamAna 6. dazarUpaka-dhanaJjaya . 10. durghaTabatti-zaraNadeva / 11. dhvanyAloka-Anandavardhana ........... 12. padacandrikA (amarakoSa TIkA)-rAyamukuTa "13. padyaracanA- lakSmaNabhaTTa praaddolr| .. 14. pratAparudra-yazobhUSaNa-TIkA . . 1.1. tvayA sahAjitaM yacca yacca sasya purAtanam / cirAya cetasi purutaruNIkRtamadya me / ityaSTAdaze / durghaTavRtti 4 / 3 / 23, pRSTha 82 / 30

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472 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 5 15. prasannasAhityaratnAkara-nandana (amudrita) 16. bhAmahakAvyAlaGkAra-udbhaTa vivaraNa (?) 17. bhASAvRtti-puruSottamadeva 18. rudraTa-kAvyAlaGkAra-TIkA-namisAdhu 19. vAgbhaTAlaGkAra-vAgbhaTa 20. zArGgadharapaddhati-zArGgadhara 21. saduktikarNAmRta-zrIdharadAsa 22. sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa-kRSNa lIlAzuka muni 23. subhASitaratnakoza-vidyAkara 24. subhASitAvalI-vallabhadeva 25. sabhyAlaGkaraNa-govindajit 26. sUktimuktAvalI-jalhaNa 27. sUktimuktAvalI-sArasaMgraha 28. haima-kAvyAnuzAsana vRtti -hemacandra 15 26. puruSottamadeva viracita bhASAvRtti (1 / 1 / 15) kI TippaNI pANinIya jAmbavatIvijaya kAvya ke uparyukta granthoM meM se lagabhaga 20-22 uddharaNoM kA saMgraha pI0 pITarsana ne JRAS san 1861 pRSTha 313-316 meM prakAzita kiyA thaa| tadanantara paM0 candradhara gulerI ne durghaTavRtti bhASAvRtti gaNaratnamahodadhi subhASitAvalI meM upalabdha naye cha: uddharaNoM ke sAtha 28 uddharaNa 'nAgarI pracAriNI patrikA kAzI' nayA saMskaraNa bhAga 1, khaNDa 1 meM bhASAnuvAda sahita prakAzita kiye the| eka uddharaNa abhI chapate chapate' upalabdha huaA hai| sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa kI kRSNa lIlAzuka muni viracita TIkA meM pANinIya kAvya ke uddharaNoM kI sUcanA kRSNamAcArya ne apane 25 'hisTrI Apha klAsikala saMskRta liTarecara' grantha ke pRSTha 85 para dI hai| nandanakRta prasanna-sAhityaratnAkara (amudrita) meM pANini ke nAma se smRta do zloka hAravarDa yUnivarsiTI presa se prakAzita (san 1957) 20 1. isakA eka nayA sundara saMskaraNa bhI kucha samaya pUrva prakAzita huA hai| 2. isakI sUcanA vijayapAla nAmaka zodhakartA ne 15-6-84 ke patra dvArA

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2/60 lakSya-pradhAna kAvyazAstrakAra vaiyAkaraNa kavi 473 'subhASitaratnakoza' ke pariziSTa pRSTha 331 para uddhRt hai / bhAmaha ke kAvyAlaGkAra ke jo udbhaTa kRta vivaraNa kA atijIrNa hastalekha kAphirakoTa ke pAsa se upalabdha huaA hai, usa meM pANinIya kAvya kA eka truTita zlokAMza uddhata hai' (dra0-chapI pustaka pRSTha 34 kA anta, 35 kA praarmbh)| isa prakAra abhI taka 26 granthoM meM pANinIya jAmbavatI vijaya kAvya ke uddharaNa upalabdha cuke haiN| prayatna karane para isake aura bhI uddharaNa hastalikhita granthoM meM DhUDhe jA sakate haiN| ... pANinIya jAmbavatIvijaya kAvya ke adyayAvat samasta upalabdha zloka vA zlokAMzoM kA saMgraha isa grantha ke tRtIya bhAga ke 6 chaThe 10 pariziSTa meM hama de rahe haiN| 2-cyADi (2900 vi0 pUrva) mahAmuni vyADi abhI taka kevala vaiyAkaraNa rUpa meM, aura vaha bhI vyAkaraNasambandhI dArzanika graMthakAra ke rUpa meM prasiddha the| parantu mahArAja samudragupta ke kRSNacarita ke kucha aMza ke upalabdha ho jAne se 25 vaiyAkaraNa vyADi kA mahAkAvyakartRtva bhI spaSTa parijJAta ho gyaa| kRSNacarita ke muni kava varNana-prasaGga meM likhA hai rasAcAryaH kaviyA Di : zabdabrahma kavAGa muniH / dAkSIputravacovyAkhyApaTurmImAMsakAgraNIH // 16 // balacaritaM kRtvA yo jigAya bhArataM vyAsaM c| .. 20 mahAkAvyavinirmANe tanmArgasya pradIpamiva // 17 // ina zlokoM se spaSTa hai ki mahAmuni vyADi ne bhArata (mahA- . bhArata nahIM) se bhI bRhad AkAra kA balacarita ( =baladeva kA carita) likhA thaa| vyADi ke kAvyanirmANa kI puSTi amarakoSa kI ajJAtakarsaka 25 TIkA se bhI hotI hai| yaha TIkA madrAsa ke rAjakIya hastalekha saMgraha meM surakSita haiM / isake 185veM patra meM vyADi kA nimna padyAMza uddhRta 1. vizeSa vivaraNa dra0:- yahI. grantha bhAga prathama pRSTha 258, 256 (ca0 sN)|

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474 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 'kamapi bhUbhuvanAGgaNakoNam-iti vyADibhASAsamAvezaH / ' isa uddharaNa se spaSTa hai ki vyADi ke kisI kAvya meM bhaTTikAvya ke 12veM sarga ke samAna bhASAsamAveza nAmaka koI bhAga thA / isase adhika hama vyADi ke kAvya ke viSaya meM kucha nahIM 5 jaante| 3-vararuci kAtyAyana (2800 vi0 pUrva) 'mahAmuni pataJjali ne mahAbhASya 4 / 3 / 101 meM vAraruca kAvya kA sAkSAt ullekha kiyA haiM / yaha vararuci vArtikakAra kAtyAyana vararuci ho hai|' yaha pUrva vArtikakAra ke prakaraNa meM (a0 8) meM likha 10 cuke haiN| vararuci kA svargArohaNa kAvya-mahArAja samudragupta ne apane kRSNacarita meM muni kavi varNana prasaMga meM likhA hai - yaH svargArohaNaM kRtvA svargamAnItavAn bhuvi / kAvyena rucireNAsau khyAto vararuciH kaviH / / na kevalaM vyAkaraNaM pupoSa dAkSIsutasyeritavAtikaryaH / kAvye'pi bhUyo'nucakAra taM vai kAtyAyano'sau kvikrmdkssH|| ' arthAt-jo svarga meM jAkara (zleSa se svargArohaNasaMjJaka kAvya banAkara) svarga ko pRthvI para le AyA, vaha vararuci apane manohara kAvya se vikhyAta hai| usa mahAkavi kAtyAyana ne kevala pANinIya vyAkaraNa ko hI apane vArtikoM se puSTa nahIM kiyA, apitu kAvya racanA meM bhI usI kA anukaraNa kiyaa| kAtyAyana ke svargArohaNa kAvya kA ullekha jalhaNa kI 'sUktimuktAvalI' meM bhI milatA hai / usameM rAjazekhara kA nimna zloka uddhRta hai 'yathArthatA kathaM nAmni mAbhUd vrrucerih| vyadhatta kaNThAbharaNaM yaH sadArohaNapriyaH // 20 - 1. nAgeza ke laghuzabdenduzekhara kI saMkhyA vaMzyena' sUtra vyAkhyA se dhvanita hotA hai ki kAtyAyana pANini kA ziSya thaa|

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lakSya-pradhAna kAvyazAstrakAra vaiyAkaraNa kavi 475 isa zloka meM caturtha caraNa kA pATha bhraSTa hai / yahAM sadArohaNapriyaH ke sthAna para svargArohaNapriyaH pATha honA caahiye| ___ kAtyAyana ne mahAkAvya ke atirikta koI sAhitya viSayaka lakSaNagrantha bhI likhA thaa| abhinavagupta bharatanATya zAstra (bhAga 2, pRSTha 245, 246) kI TIkA meM likhatA hai 'yathoktaM kAtyAyanenavIrasya bhujadaNDAnAM varNane sragdharA bhavet / nAyikAvarNanaM kArya vasantatilakAdikam / zArdUlalIlA prAcyeSu mandAkrAntA ca dakSiNe' ||iti| isI prakAra 'zRGgAraprakAza' (pRSTha 53) meM bhI likhA hai - lAha- . 10 'tathA ca kAtyAyana - uttAraNAya jagataH prapitatAmahena, tasmAt padAt tvamasi prvRttaa|' prAcArya vararuci ke aneka zloka zArGgadharapaddhati, saduktikarNAmata aura subhASitaratnAvalI Adi aneka granthoM meM upalabdha 15 hote haiN| . 4-pataJjali (2000 vikrama pUrva) mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali ne mahAnanda aMthavA mahAnandamaya nAmaka koI kAvyagrantha bhI likhA thA / mahArAja samudragupta ne kRSNacarita meM manikavi varNana-prasaGga meM mahAbhASyakAra pataJjali kA varNana karate .. hue likhA hai 'mahAnandamayaM kAvyaM yogadarzanamadbhutam / yogavyAkhyAnabhUtaM tad racitaM cittadoSApaham // * 'saduktikarNAmRta' meM bhASyakAra ke nAma se nimna zloka uddhRta 'yadyapi svacchabhAvena darzayatyambudhirmaNIn / tathApi jAnudadhneyamiti cetasi mA kRthAH // . yahAM sambhavataH jAnudadhno'yaM pATha zuddha ho, anyathA bhASyakAra ke mata se ambudhi strIliGga bhI mAnanA caahiye|

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476 saMskata vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa isase adhika bhASyakAra ke kAvya ke viSaya meM hama kucha nahIM jaante| ' vAsuki aparanAma pataJjali viracita sAhitya-zAstra kA varNana hama prathama bhAga (pRSTha 384, ca0 saM0) meM kara cuke haiN| vAsuki ke 5 nAma se uddhata grantha vaiyAkaraNa pataJjali kA hI hai, isa sambhAvanA ko pataJjali ke kAvyakAra hone se bala milatA hai| 5- mahAbhASya meM uddhRta katipaya vacana pANini vyADi vararuci aura pataJjali ina cAroM vaiyAkaraNoM ne kAvyagranthoM kA granthana kiyA thA, isameM koI sandeha nhiiN| parantu inake kAvya vyAkaraNa-zAstropajIvI kAvyazAstra rUpa the, yaha kahanA atyanta kaThina hai| parantu mahAbhASya meM vibhinna sthAnoM para uddhRta katipaya vacanoM se itanA avazya spaSTa hai ki lakSya- pradhAna vyAkaraNa zAstropajIvI katipaya kAvyoM kI racanA mahAbhASya se pUrva avazya ho gaI thii| mahAbhASya meM pataJjali ne katipaya sUtroM kI vyAkhyA meM kucha aise udAharaNa pratyudAharaNa uddhRta kiye haiM, jo kisI lakSya-pradhAna kAvya vyAkaraNazAstropajIvI ke aMza pratIta hote haiM / yathA 1. mahAbhASya 1 / 3 / 25 meM upAddevapUjAsaMgatikaraNayoH vArtika kI vyAkhyA meM nimna zloka uddhRta haiM 'bahUnAmapyacittAnAmeko bhavati cittavAn / pazya vAnarasainye'smin yadarkamupatiSThate // maivaM maMsthAH sacitto'yameSo'pi hi yathA vayam / etadapyasya kApeyaM yadarkamupatiSThati // ' ina zlokoM meM se prathama meM devapUjA artha meM upatiSThate Atmanepada kA prayoga darzAyA hai / dvitIya meM devapUjA kA abhAva dyotita karane ke lie upatiSThati parasmaipada kA nirdeza kiyA hai| . prakaraNa se dyotita hotA hai ki pataJjali ne ye donoM zloka kisI .. aise kAvya se uddhRta kiye haiM, jo lakSaNapradhAna thaa| 2. mahAbhASya 1 / 3 / 48 se vyaktavAcAm kA pratyudAharaNa diyA 30 hai

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lakSya pradhAna kAvyazAstrakAra vaiyAkaraNa kavi . 477 'varatanu sampravadanti kukkuttaaH|' yaha bhI kisI kAvyazAstra ke zloka kA eka caraNa haiN| 3. mahAbhASya 21156 meM sUtra prayojana viSayaka AzaGkA upasthita karake uttara ke rUpa meM 'stoSyAmyahaM pAdikamauvavAhim' zloka uddhRta kiyA hai / ise hama isI adhyAya meM pUrva (pRSTha 463) likha 5 cuke haiN| 4. mahAbhASma 2413 meM nandantu ktthkaalaapaaH| varghantAM ktthkauthumaaH| tiSThantu ktthkaalaapaaH| udagAta ktthkaalaapm| pratyaSThAta kaThakothumam / ye pAMcoM vacana pAdavaddha haiM, aura kisI eka hI aise kAvyazAstrarUpI grantha se saMgahIta kiye gaye haiM, jisameM isa sUtra ke udAharaNa pratyudAharaNa nirdiSTa the| bhaumaka ke rAvaNArjanIya kAvya meM isI satra ke 15 prakaraNa meM antima donoM vacana isI varNAnupUrvI meM saMgRhIta haiM / dra0sarga 7, zloka 4 / rAvaNArjunIya ke sampAdakadvaya zivadatta-kAzAnAtha ne mahAbhASya meM nirdiSTa udagAt kaThakAlApama, pratyaSThAt kaThakauthumam ko inake sAtha paThita udagAt kaumodapappalAdam udAharaNa kI dRSTi se padagandhi 20 gadya mAnA hai| pUrvanirdiSTa sabhI uddharaNoM ko dekhane se yahI nizcita hotA hai ki ye nizcaya hI kisI lakSyapradhAna kAvya ke vacana haiN| 6-maTTa bhUma (saM 600 ke lagabhaga) . " bhaTTabhUma athavA bhUmaka athavA bhIma viracita rAvaNArjunIya athavA arjunarAvaNIya' nAmaka eka lakSya-lakSaNa-pradhAna kAvya upalabdha hai| 25 paricaya-bhaTTabhUma ne apanA koI paricaya apane grantha meM nahIM 1. madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha saMgraha ke sUcIpatra bhAga 4 khaNDa 1 ApRSTha 4281, saMkhyA 2654 isa kAvya kA eka hastalekha 'arjunarAvaNIya nAma se nirdiSTa hai|

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478 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa diyaa| ataH isa mahAkavi kA vRtta andhakArAvata hai / mudrita rAvaNArjunIya ke anta meM nimna puSpikA upalabdha hotI hai - - 'kRtistatra bhavato mahAprabhAvazrIzAradAdezAntarvattivallabhIsthAnanivAsino bhUmabhaTTasyeti zubham / vallabhIsthAnaM uDU iti grAmo vraahmuulopknntthsthitH|' isase itanA hI jJAta hotA hai ki bhaTTabhUma kAzmIrI the inakA nivAsa sthAna vallabhI thA, jo varAhamUla (bArAmUlA) ke samIpavartI uDu grAma hai| ___ isase adhika isa mahAkavi ke viSaya meM kucha bhI jJAta nahIM 10 hotaa| kAla-kSemendra ne suvRttatilaka ke tRtIya vinyAsa ke caturtha zloka meM bhUma-viracita bhaumaka kAvya kA sAkSAta ullekha kiyA hai|' isase itanA to nizcita hai ki bhaTTabhUma vi0 saM0 1060 se pUrvavartI avazya hai| _ 'saMskRta sAhitya kA saMkSipta itihAsa' pRSTha 142 para sItArAma jayarAma jozI ne likhA hai "kAzikAvRtti tathA kSemendra ke suvRttatilaka meM isa kAvya kA nirdeza milatA hai| yaha kavi pravarasena (I0 550--600) aura I0 660 se pUrva thaa|" vI0 varadAcArya ne bhI rAvaNArjunIya kAvya kA nirdeza kAzikAvRtti meM mAnA hai| aura bhaumaka ce rAvaNArjunIya kAvya kA prabhAva bhaTTikAvya para svIkAra karake isakA kAla pAMcavI zatI ke lagabhaga svIkAra kiyA haiM / hameM isa kAvya kA nirdeza kAzikAvRtti meM kahIM nahIM milaa| kaha nahIM sakate ki donoM granthakAroM ne kAzikA meM kahIM saMketa upalabdha 25 karake likhA hai, athavA kisI anya grantha kA andhAnukaraNa kiyA hai| bhaTTi aura rAvANArjunIya kA porvAparya-bhaTTi aura rAvaNArjunIya 1. bhaTTibhaumakakAvyAdi kAvyazAstraM pracakSate / 2. saM0 sAhitya kA saMkSipta itihAsa, vAcaspati gairolAkRta, pR0 851 .

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lakSya-pradhAna kAvyazAstrakAra vaiyAkaraNa kavi 476 donoM kAvyoM meM kauna pUrvavartI aura kauna uttaravartI haiM, yaha antaHparIkSA ke AdhAra para sarvathA asambhava hai| kSemendra ke bhaTTibhaumakakAvyAdi nirdeza meM bhaTTi kA nirdeza pUrvakAlatA ke kAraNa hai athavA samAsa ke alpActararUpa pUrvanipAta niyama ke kAraNa, yaha kahanA bhI ati kaThina hai| pUnarapi hamArA vicAra hai ki vI0 varadAcArya kA 5 mata (bhaTri se bhUmaka kI paurvakAlikatA) isa viSaya meM adhika ThIka __granthanAma kA kAraNa-isa kAvya meM kArtavIrya arjuna aura rAvaNa ke yuddha kA varNana hai| isalie rAvaNArjuna athavA arjunarAvaNa dvandva samAsa se pANinIya 4 / 3 / 88 ke niyama se cha (=Iya) pratyaya 10 hotA hai|' ___ kAvyaparicaya-bhaTTa bhUma ne isa kAvya meM pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI ke svara vaidika viSayaka sUtroM ko chor3akara pANini sUtrakrama se tattat sUtrasiddha viziSTa prayogoM ke nidarzana karAne kA prayatna kiyA hai| aSTAdhyAyI kA prathama pAda saMjJAparibhASAtmaka hai,sAkSAt zabda-sAdhaka 15 nahIM hai| isalie granthakAra ne isa grantha kA prArambha aSTAdhyAyI ke dvitIya pAda ke prathama sUtra se kiyA hai| - mudrita grantha-prArambha meM isa kAvya kI eka hI prati kAzmIra se upalabdha huI thI, vaha bhI madhya-madhya meM truTita thii| usI se vibhinna kAla meM kI gaI do pratilipiyoM ke AdhAra para paM0 kAzInAtha 20 aura zivadatta ne isa grantha kA sampAdana kiyA thaa| isa kAraNa kAvyamAlA (nirNayasAgara presa) meM prakAzita grantha sthAna-sthAna para Tita hai| sampAdaka-dvaya ne isa mudrita grantha meM yathAsthAna pANinIya sUtroM kA nirdeza karake isa kAvya kI upayogitA ko nissandeha bar3hA diyA 25 anya hastalekha-aba isa kAvya ke do hastalekha aura upalabdha 2. adhikRtya kRte granthe, zizukrandayamasa bhadvandvandrajamanAdibhyazchaH / sambhava hai isa sUtra se cha' pratyaya kI prApti dekhakara varadAcArya ne rAvaNArjunIya kA kAzikA meM nirdeza likha diyA ho|

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480 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa haiN| unameM se eka madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha saMgraha meM hai| yaha hastalekha vAsudevakRta TIkA sahita hai| dra0 -sUcIpatra bhAga 4, khaNDa 1A, pRSTha 4281, saMkhyA 2654 / dvitIya hastalekha landana ke iNDiyA grAphisa pustakAlaya meM hai| dra0-sUcIpatra bhAga 2, khaNDa 2, saMkhyA (likhanI 5 raha gaI) / - ina donoM hastalekhoM ke prAdhAra para isa grantha kA punaH sampAdana honA caahie| granthakAra kI aitihAsika bhUla-bhaTTa bhUma ne aSTAdhyAyI 2 / 4 / 3 ke prasaGga meM mahAbhASya meM uddhRta kisI prAcIna kAvyazAstra ke do 10 caraNoM kA samAveza isa grantha meM bhI kara diyA hai 'udagAt kaThakAlApaM pratyaSThAt kaThakauthumam / yeSAM yajJe dvijAtInAM tadvighAtibhiranvitam // 7 // 4 // parantu yaha sanniveza aitihAsika dRSTi se bhrAntipUrNa hai| kaThakalApa-kauthuma Adi. caraNoM kA pravacana dvApara ke anta meM vedavyAsa 15 tathA unake ziSyoM ne kiyA thaa| kArtavIrya arjuna kA kAla isase bahuta pUrvavartI hai| vaha dvApara ke madhya athavA tRtIya caraNa meM huA thaa| . bhadri aura rAvaNArjunIya meM antara-yadyapi donoM kAvya vyA karaNapradhAna haiM, parantu ina donoM meM eka maulika antara hai / bhaTTikAvya meM jahAM vyAkaraNa ke prakaraNa-vizeSoM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara viziSTa padAvalI kA saMgrathana hai, vahAM rAvaNArjunIya meM aSTAdhyAyI ke sUtrapATha krama se nirdiSTa viziSTa sUtrodAharaNoM kA saMkalana hai| isa 1. vAlmIkIya rAmAyaNa ayodhyA kANDa 32 / 18 meM kaTha, taittirIya prAdi kA nirdeza upalabdha hotA hai, parantu vaha aMza prakSipta hai / kyoMki kaTha tittiri Adi jJAkhA pravaktA dvApara ke anta meM kRSNa dvaipAyana vyAsa ke vaizampAyana nAmA ziSya ke antevAsI the, jaba ki rAmAyaNa kI racanA tretA ke anta meM huii| rAmAyaNa meM yaha milAvaTa kisI kRSNayajurvedI kI apanI zAkhAyoM kI prAcInatA siddha karane ke liye kI hai| yaha bhAratIya itihAsa ke pariprekSya meM spaSTa rUpa se jAnA jA sakatA hai|

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2/61 lakSya-pradhAna kAvyazAstrakAra vaiyAkaraNa kavi 481 . maulika antara kI dRSTi se bhaTTi kI apekSA bhaTTabhUma kA kAvyanirmANa kArya adhika kliSTa aura camatkArapUrNa hai| _isa dRSTi se bhI hamArA bhI yahI vicAra hai ki bhUmaka bhaTTi se pUrvavartI hai| . . TIkAkAra-vAsudeva - 5 saubhAgya se rAvaNArjunIya aparanAma arjunarAvaNIya kAvya kI vAsudeva nAmA vidvAn viracita TIkA kA eka hastalekha madrAsa ke rAjakIya hastalekha saMgraha meM vidyamAna hai / dra0-sUcIpatra bhAga 4, khaNDa / 10, pRSTha 4281, saMkhyA 2954 / / isa hastalekha kA Adi pATha isa prakAra hai'vAsudevaikamanasA vAsudevena nirmitam / . vAsudevIyaTIkAM tAM vAsudevo'numanyatAm // ' isake anta kA pATha isa prakAra hai'iti arjunarAvaNIye raSAbhyAM pAde saptaviMzaH srgH| . arjunarAvaNIyaM samAptam / ' isa vAsudeva kA nirdeza nArAyaNa bhaTTa athavA nArAyaNa kavi ke dhAtu-kAvya para rAmapANivAda kI eka TIkA kA hastalekha madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha saMgraha meM vidyamAna hai| usake prArambha meM likhA hai'udAhRtaM pANinisUtramaNDalaM prAgvAsudevena tduurdhvto'prH| .. udAharatyadya vRkodaroditAn dhAtUna krameNava hi mAdhavasaMzrayAt / ' 20 dhAtukAvya kA racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1617-1733 taka hai| ata. isakI TIkA meM uddhRta vAsudeva saM0 1650 vi0 se to pUrvavartI avazya hogaa| isase adhika isa TIkA aura TIkAkAra ke viSaya meM hama kucha nahIM jaante| saMskRta-sAhitya ke itihAsa lekhakoM ne bhaTTabhUma ke rAvaNArjunIya kAvya kA nirdeza to kiyA hai, parantu isa TIkA kA saMketa bhI kisI ne nahIM kiyaa|

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482 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa - 7-bhaTTikAvyakAra (saM0 600-650 vi0) - sAhitya tathA vyAkaraNa ke vAGmaya meM bhaTi nAmaka mahAkAvya atyanta prasiddha hai| lakSaNa granthoM ke adhyayana se glAni karane vAle athavA bhayabhIta saMskRta-adhyayanArthI cirakAla se bhaTTi kAvya ke mAzraya se saMskRta kA adhyayana karate rahe haiM / bhaTTikAvya para vividha vyAkaraNa zAstroM kI dRSTi se likhe gaye bahuvidha TIkA granthoM se yaha spaSTa haiM ki isa kAvya kA saMskRta-zikSaNa kI dRSTi se sampUrNa bhArata meM vyApaka pracAra rahA haiM / isa dRSTi se bhaTTikAvya kA kAvya-zAstroM meM athavA lakSyapradhAna kAvyoM meM atyanta mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| 10 bhaTTikAra kA nAma-bhaTikAvya ke racayitA kA vAstavika nAma kyA hai, isa viSaya meM kucha matabheda hai / jaTIzvara jayadeva jayamaMgala ina tIna nAmoM se vyavahRta hone vAle jayamaGgalA TIkA ke racayitA ne svaTIkA ke prArambha meM isa prakAra likhA hai 'lakSyaM lakSaNaM cobhayamekatra pradarzayitu zrIsvAmisUnuH kavirbhaTTi15 nAmA rAmakathAzrayamahAkAvyaM cakAra / ' ... ... aisA hI isa TIkAkAra ne svavyAkhyA ke anta meM bhI likhA hai| tadanusAra kavi kA nAma bhaTTi, aura usake pitA kA nAma zrIsvAmI ___ anya prAyaH sabhI TIkAkAra bhaTTikAvya ke racayitA kA nAma 20 bhartRhari likhate haiM / yathA / 1-bhartRhari kAvya-dIpikA kA kartA jayamaGgala' grantha ke prArambha meM likhatA hai 'kavikulakRtikairavakarahATaH zrIbhRtRhariH kavirbhaTTikAvyaM cikiirssuH| 25 , punaH grantha ke anta meM likhatA hai / 1. yaha jayamaGgala pUrvanirdiSTa jayamaGgala se bhinna vyakti hai| 2. iNDiyA Aphisa lAyabrarI sUtrIpatra, bhAga 1 khaNDa 2 saMkhyA 621, 622 /

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lakSya pradhAna kAvyazAstrakAra vaiyAkaraNa kavi 483 'iti bhartRharikAvyadIpikAyAM jayamaGgalAkhyAyAM / 2-zrI kandarpazarmA likhatA hai'atra tAvanmahAmahopAdhyAya zrIbhartRharikavinA zabdakAvyayolakSaNalakSitAni...'' 3-bhaTTacandrikA kA racayitA vidyAvinoda likhatA hai- 5 'atra kavinA zrIdharasvAmisUnunA bhartRhariNA sargabandho mhaakaavylkssnnsuucnaay....| 4-vyAkhyAsAra nAmno TIkA kA ajJAtanAmA lekhaka likhatA hai'prathAzeSavizeSaNa bAlAn vyutpipAdayiSuH zrImadbhartRharikRtasya / rAmAyaNAnuyAyi-bhaTTayAkhyAgranthasya.....'' 5-bhaTTibodhinI TIkA kA lekhaka harihara likhatA hai'parivRDhayan bhartRhariH kAvyaprasaMgena....' / 6-mallinAtha bhI bhaTTi kAvya ko bhartRhari kI racanA mAnatA hai| isI prakAra anya TIkAkAroM kA bhI yahI mata hai| ... bhaTTikAvya ke TIkAkAroM ke atirikta katipaya granthakAroM ne bhI 15 bhaTTikAvya ko bhartRhari ke nAma se uddhRta kiyA hai / yathA 7-paJcapAdI uNAdi-vRttikAra zvetavanavAsI likhatA hai- ka-tathA ca bhartRkAvye prayogaH-bhuvanahitacchalena' (bhaTTi 111) iti / uNAdi 280, pRSTha 83 / / kha-tathA ca bhartRkAvye prayogaH 20 'samprApya tIraM tamasApagAyAH gaGgAmbusamparkavizuddhibhAjaH' : (bhaTTi 3 / 36) iti / uNAdi 3 / 111, pRSTha 126 / .. mA . 1. iNDiyA Aphisa lAyabrerI sUcIpatra, bhAga 1 khaNDa 2 saMkhyA 121 . ke aage| 2. madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha saMgraha sUcIpatra, bhAga 6, pRSTha 76620 25 saMkhyA 5712, 3. madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha saMgraha sUcIpatra, bhAga 6, pRSTha 7661, saMkhyA 5710 /

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484 - saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa ina donoM uddharaNoM meM prathama kA yadyapi bhaTTikAvye pAThAntara milatA haiM, tathApi dvitIya uddharaNa meM pAThAntara na hone se spaSTa hai ki zvetavanavAsI bhaTTikAvya ko bhartRhari ko kRti mAnatA hai| 8-harinAmAmRta vyAkaraNa ke 1463 veM sUtra kI vRtti meM 5 likhA hai phalegrahin haMsi vanaspatIn iti bhrtRhriviprH|' . yaha pATha bhaTTikAvya 2 / 3 meM milatA hai / nAma kA nirNaya-hamAre vicAra meM donoM nAmoM meM mUlataH koI bheda nahIM hai / bhaTTi yaha nAma bhartRhari ke ekadeza bhartR kA hI prAkRta 10 rUpa hai| anya bhartRhari nAma ke lekhakoM se vyAvRtti ke liye isa bhartRhari ke liye granthakAroM ne bhartR zabda ke prAkRta bhaTTirUpa kA vyavahAra kiyA hai| aneka bhartRhari-mahAkavi kAlidAsa ke samAna bhartRhari nAma ke bhI kaI vidvAna ho cake haiN| eka pradhAna vaiyAkaraNa vAkyapadIya kA 15 tathA mahAbhASya-dIpikA kA racayitA bhartRhari hai / dUsarA-bhaTTi kAvya kA kartA hai| tIsarA bhAgavRtti kA lekhaka hai| ina tInoM ke nAmasAdRzya se utpanna honevAle bhrama ko dUra karane ke liye arvAcIna vaiyAkaraNoM ne atyadhika sAvadhAnatA baratI hai| vAkyapadIyakAra prAdya bhartRhari ke uddharaNa granthakAroM ne sarvatra hari athavA bhartRhari ke nAma 20 se uddhata kiye haiN| bhaTTikAvya ke uddharaNa prAyaH sarvatra bhaTTi nAma se nirdiSTa hai (kevala zvetanavAsI ne bhartR kAvya kA vyavahAra kiyA hai)| bhAgavatti, ke uddharaNa sarvatra bhAgavRtti bhAgavRttikRta athavA bhAgavRttikAra ke nAma se ullikhita kiye gaye haiN| isa prakAra tInoM bhartRhari ke uddhRta uddharaNoM meM granthakAroM ne kahIM para bhI sAGkarya 25 nahIM hone diyaa| tInoM bhartRhari ke viSaya meM hama isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM pRSTha 395-402 (ca0 saMska0) taka vistAra se likha cuke haiM, ataH yahAM vistAra nahIM krte| paricaya-prasiddha jayamaGgalA TIkA meM mahAkavi bhaTTi ke pitA 30 kA nAma zrIsvAmI likhA hai, parantu bhaTTicandrikA ke racayitA vidyA

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485 lakSya-pradhAna kAvyazAstrakAra vaiyAkaraNaM kavi vinoda ne zrIdhara svAmI nAma kA nirdeza kiyA hai / sambhavataH zrI svAmI zrIdhara svAmI kA ekaMdeza hai / ataH bhaTTi ke pitA kA nAma zrIdhara svAmI adhika yukta pratIta hotA hai / bhaTTikAvya ke antima zloka se vidita hotA hai ki bhaTTikAra gujarAta antarvartI valabhI nagarI kA nivAsI thA / kAla - bhaTTikAra ne antima zloka meM likhA hai'kAvyamidaM vihitaM mayA valabhyAM zrIdharasenanarendra pAlitAyAm / ' valabhI meM zrIdharasena nAmaka 4 rAjA hue haiN| unakA kAla vi0 saM0 550 se 705 taka hai / inameM se kisa zrIdharasena ke kAla meM bhaTTikAvya likhA gayA, yaha kahanA kaThina hai / bhAgavRtti ke vyAkhyA - 10 kAra sRSTidhara ke vacanAnusara bhAgavRtti kI racanA bhI valabhI ke kisI zrIdharasena nAmaka narendra ke kAla meM huI hai / hamArA vicAra hai ki bhAgavRtti kI racanA caturtha zrIdharasena ke kAla (vi0 saM0 702705) meM huI / ' aura bhaTTikAvya kI racanA tRtIya zrIdharasena ke rAjyakAla (saM0 660-677 ) meM huI / saMskRta - kavidarzana ke lekhaka 15 DA0 bholAzaMkara vyAsa ne bhaTTikAvya kI racanA dvitIya zrIdharasena ke samaya meM mAnI hai (pRSTha 143 ) / parantu anta meM samaya 610 I0615 I0 (667 vi0-672 vi0) likhA hai / dvitIya zrIdharasena kA kAla lagabhaga 628 vi0 - 646 vi0 (571 I0 - 586 I0) taka hai / ataH 610 I0 - 615 I0 kAla gaNanA ke anusAra tRtIya zrI - 20 gharasena kA hI hai / sambhava hai bholAzaMkara vyAsa se 'tRtIya zrIdharasena' pATha ke sthAna meM 'dvitIya' zabda anavadhAnatA se likhA gayA ho / bhaTTi aura bhAmaha - bhaTTi aura bhAmaha ne alaGkAroM kA jo krama apane apane granthoM meM diyA hai, usameM bahuta samAnatAM hai / aisI kucha samAnatA bhAmaha aura daNDI ke krama meM bhI hai / ataH isa samAnatAmAtra se donoM ke paurvAparya ke viSaya meM kucha nizcaya nahIM ho sakatA / 25 alaGkArakrama ke sAdRzya ke atirikta donoM granthakAroM ke eka padya meM bhI adbhuta samAnatA hai / yathA 1. dra0 - prathamabhAga pRSTha 515 (ca0 saM0 ) /

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486 saMskata vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA zaitahAsa " bhAmaha kA padya hai kAvyAnyapi yadImAni vyAkhyAgamyAni zAstravat / utsavassudhiyAmeva hanta durmedhaso hatAH' // 2 // 30 // bhaTTi kA kathana'vyAkhyAgamyamidaM kAvyamutsavassudhiyAmalam / hatA durmedhasazcAsmin vidvapriyacikIrSayA' // 12 // 34 // . isa samAnatA se spaSTa hai ki koI eka dUsare kA anukaraNa kara rahA hai / kItha ne 'saMskRta sAhitya kA itihAsa' grantha meM bhaTTi ko bhAmaha se pUrvavartI mAnA hai / aura bhaTi ke vyAkhyAgamyamidaM kAvyaM 10 zloka kI bhAmaha dvArA kI gaI pratidhvani ko bhadde DhaMga se doharAnA kahA hai| isI prakAra bhaTTi dvArA prastuta alaGkAroM kI sUcI ko daNDI aura bhAmaha kI alaGkAra sUciyoM se maulikatApUrNa kahA hai|' isake viparIta 'saMskRta sAhitya kA itihAsa' ke lekhaka kanhaiyA lAla podadAra kA mata hai ki bhAmaha bhaTi kA pUrvavartI hai / bhAmaha ne / ukta zloka meM yamaka aura prahelikA alaGkAroM kA nirdeza karane ke anantara ukta prakAra ke kliSTa kAvyoM kI nindA kI hai / parantu bhaTTi ne apane grantha ke anta meM bhAmaha dvArA nindita kliSTakAvya kI prazaMsA meM ukta vacana kahA hai / itanA hI nahIM, bhaTTi ne bhAmaha ke utsavassudhiyAmeva ke sthAna para utsavassudhiyAmalam meM eva ke sthAna meM alam kA nirdeza karate hue kliSTakAvya-racanA kA prayojana vidvapriyacikIrSayA batAyA hai| itanA hI nahIM, isase pUrvavartI 'dIpatalyaH prabandho'yaM zabdalakSaNacakSaSAm / - hastAmarSa ivAndhAnAM bhaved vyAkaraNAdRte // ' loka meM bhI vaiyAkaraNoM ke lie hI kAvya racanA karane kA 25 saMketa kiyA hai| isa vivecanA se spaSTa hai ki bhaTTi bhAmaha se pUrvavartI hai| bhAmaha kA kAla vi0 saM0687 se paryApta pahale hai / saM0687 vi0 ke 1. draSTavya, hindI anubAda, pRSTha 141, 142 / 2. kanhaiyAlAla poddAra saM0 sA0 kA itihAsa, bhAga 1, pRSTha 101-104 /

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lakSya-pradhAna kAvyazAstrakAra vaiyAkaraNa kavi 487 samIpavartI skandamahezvara ne nirukta TIkA 10 / 16 meM bhAmaha kA 'tulya zrutInAM tannirucyate' (2 / 17) kA vacana uddhRta kiyA hai / nyAsa ke sampAdaka ne bhAmaha ke alaGkArazAstra ke ziSTaprayogamAtreNa nyAsakAramatena vA vacana meM nyAsakAra nAma dekhakara bhAmaha kA kAla san 775 I0 (saM0 832 vi0) mAnA hai| sambhavataH kItha ne bhI bhAmaha 5 dvArA nyAsakAra kA ullekha hone se bhaTTi ko bhAmaha se pUrvavartI siddha karane kI ceSTA kI hai / vastutaH yaha mata cintya hai| kAzikA vyAkhyA nyAsa se pUrva bhI vyAkaraNa itihAsa meM aneka nyAsa prasiddha the| bhaTTi kAvya kA nAma-bhaTTikAvya kA vAstavika nAma rAvaNavadha kAvya hai| TIkAkAra bhaTTikAvya para aneka vyAkhyAkAroM ne TIkA grantha likhe haiM / isa meM nimna prasiddha haiM (1) jaTIzvara-jayadeva-jayamaGgala (saM0 1226 vi0 se pUrva) 'jaTIzvara-jayadeva-jayamaGgalaH ina tIna nAmoM vAle vaiyAkaraNa ne 15 bhaTTikAvya para jayamaGgalA nAmnI eka sundara vyAkhyA likhI hai| yaha vyAkhyA pANinIya vyAkaraNa ke anusAra hai| . . ___ kAla-jayamaGgala kA kAla ajJAta hai| isa vyAkhyA ko dUrghaTavRttikAra zaraNadeva ne aneka sthAnoM para uddhRta kiyA hai isaliye isa vyAkhyAkAra kA kAla 1226 vi0 se pUrva hai, itanA hI sAmAnyarUpa 20 se kahA jA sakatA hai| (2) mallinAtha (saM0 1264 vi0 se pUrva) kAvyagranthoM ke TIkAkAra ke rUpa meM mallinAtha atyanta prasiddha hai| isane bhaTTikAdhya para bhI vyAkhyA likhI haiN| . 1. vizeSa draSTavya saM0 vyA0 zA0 kA itihAsa bhAga 1, pRSTha 56 (ca0 25 saM0) 'mahAkavi mAgha aura nyAsa' anuzIrSaka ke nIce kA sndrbh|

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488 10 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa - kAla-mallinAtha ke kAla ke viSaya meM hamane isa grantha ke prathama bhAga meM pRSTha 568-566 (ca0 saM0) para likhA hai| (3) jayamaGgala bhaTiTakAvya para jayamaGgala nAmaka vaiyAkaraNa ne dIpikA athavA 5 jayamaGgalA nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai / isakA hastalekha iNDiyA grAphisa landana ke saMgraha meM hai| dra0 sUcIpatra, bhAga 1, khaNDa 2, saMkhyA 121 / isa vRtti ke prArambha meM likhA hai - "tanute jayamaGgalaH kRtI nijanAmAbhidhabhaTTiTippaNIm / ' / anta meM pATha hai - 'iti bhartRharikAvyadIpikAyAM jayamaGgalAkhyAyAM / ' yaha jayamaGgala pUrvanirdiSTa jaTIzvara jayadeva jayamaGgala tIna nAmavAle vyakti se bhinna hai| .. (4) ajJAtanAmA 15 bhaTTikAvya para kisI ajJAtanAmA vidvAn ne eka vyAkhyA likhI hai| isakA nAma vyAkhyAsAra hai| madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha saMgraha ke sUcopatra meM yaha pustaka bhaTTikAvyasthUlavyAkhyAsAra nAma se nirdiSTa hai| dra0-bhAga 6, pRSTha 7661, saMkhyA 5710 / - isake prArambha kA nimna pATha sUcIpatra meM uddhRta hai20 'prathAzeSavizeSeNa bAlAn vyutpipAdayiSuH zrIbhartRharikRtasya rAmAyaNAnuyAyibhaTTavyAkhyAgranthastha viSayasaMkhyAcchandasAM prakAzana tadananyasya vyAkhyAyAM kasyacijjanavarasyAtizayAnarAgassamajani / anantaraM ca tadabhiprAyavidA kenacid vipreNa tadAdiSTena ca tadgranthasya vyAkhyAsArAbhidho grnthssmkaari|' ..isase adhika isa TIkAkAra ke viSaya meM hameM kucha bhI jJAta nhiiN| 1. isake sambandha meM tRtIya bhAga meM 'bhAga 1, pRSTha 568-569' kA saMzodhana dekheN|

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2/62 lakSya-pradhAna kAvyazAstrakAra vaiyAkaraNa kavi 486 (5) rAmacandra zarmA rAmacandra zarmA nAmaka vidvAn ne saupadma vyAkaraNa ke anusAra bhaTTikAvya kI vyAkhyAnanda nAmnI TIkA likhI hai|' granthakAra svayaM likhatA hai 'natvA zrInayanAnandacakravatipadAmbujam / vyAkhyAnando mayA granthastanyate yatprasAdataH // vaarendrvNshsNbhuutshriiraamcndrshmnnaa| tanyate bhaTTikAvyasya TIkeyaM svAnukAriNI // saupadmakA navaM mUlaM ziSyAn bodhayitu myaa| racitA bahuzo yatnAt sudhIbhidRzyatAmiyam // ' 10 isa upanyAsa se spaSTa hai ki rAmacandrazarmA vArendra-vaMzasaMbhUta .. thA, aura isake guru kA nAma nayanAnanda cakavartI thaa| (6) vidyAvinoda vidyA vinoda nAmaka vidvAn ne bhaTTikAvya para bhaTTicandrikA nAmmI vyAkhyA likhA haiM / isa grantha ke prArambha kA pATha isa prakAra 15 plaacnm| 'vande dUdilazyAmaM rAmaM raajiivlocnm| jAnakIlakSmaNopetaM bhaktyAbhISTaphalapradam / / natvA tAtapadadvandvaM jJAtvA granthakRdAzaMyam / vidyAvinodaH kurute TIko zrIbhaTTicandrikAm // '.. . 20 . (7) kandarpazarmA kandarpazarmA ne saupadma prakriyAnusAra bhaTTikAvya kI TIkA likhI hai| vaha grantha ke prArambha meM likhatA hai- . 'saupanAnAM prItaye bhaTikAvye TokAM dhiirkndrpshrmaa| ....................................................." 25 1. yahAM se Age ullikhita TIkA-granthoM kA saMgraha madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha saMgraha meM bhaTTikAvyavyAkhyASaTkopetam' ke nAma nirdiSTa hai| dra0-. sUcIpatra bhAga 6, pRSTha 7672, saMkhyA 5712 /

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460 . saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa vidyAsAgaraTIkAyAM kAtantraprakriyA yataH / supadmaprakriyA tasmAt tasmAdeva praNIyate // ' (8) puNDarIkAkSa--vidyAsAgara puNDarIkAkSa-vidyAsAgara nAmaka vaiyAkaraNa ne bhaTkiAvya para 5 kAtantra=kalApa vyAkaraNa ke anusAra kalApadIpikA nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai / usane grantha ke prArambha meM likhA hai - 'natvA zaMkaraM caraNaM jJAtvA sakalaM kalApatatvaM ca / dRSTvA pANinitantraM vadati zrIpuNDarIkAkSaH // pANinIyaprakriyAyAM me prasiddhatvAnna kautukam / kalApaprakriyA tasmAdaprasiddhAtra kathyate // .. anta meM isa prakAra hai 'iti mahAmahopAdhyAya zrImacchIkAntapaNDitAtmajazrIpuNDarIkAkSavidyAsAgara bhaTTAcAryakRtAyAM bhaTTiTIkAyAM klaapdiipikaayaaN...|' isase itanA hI vidita hotA hai ki puNDarIkAkSa ke pitA kA 15 nAma 'zrIkAnta' thaa| pUrvanirdiSTa kandarpazarmA dvArA smata vidyAsAgara yahI puNDarIkAkSa-vidyAsAgara hai, isameM koI sandeha nhiiN| (E) harihara harihara prAcArya ne bhaTTikAvya para bhaTTibodhinI nAmnI vyAkhyA likhI hai| usake prArambha meM vaha svayaM likhatA hai 'natvA rAmapadadvandvamaravindabhavacchidam / dvijo hariharAcAryaH kurute bhaTTibodhinIm // ' 'pUrvagrAmikule kalAnidhinibhaM kRtvA sumerusthito bhrAtA tasya jayadharo dvijavaro vANezvarastatsutaH |......"privRddhyn bhartRhariH kaavyprsNgen...|' (10) bharatasena bharatasena ne mugdhabodha prakriyA ke anusAra bhaTTikAvya para eka TIkA likhI hai|

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lakSya-pradhAna kAvyazAstrakAra vaiyAkaraNa kavi 461 -halAyudha (saM0 975-1050 vi0) . halAyudha ne kavirahasya nAmaka eka lakSya-pradhAna kAvya likhA hai / isameM dhAtuoM ke rUpoM kA vizeSa nirdeza kiyA gayA hai / paricaya-halAyudha rASTrakUTa ke tRtIya kRSNarAjA (saM0 6671013 vi0) kA sabhApaNDita thaa| piGgala chandaHsUtra kI mRtasaJjI- 5 vanI TIkA meM vAkpatirAja (saM0 1031-1052 vi0) muJja kI prazaMsA para isake aneka zloka upalabdha hote haiM / ataH pratIta hotA haiM ki halAyudha rASTrakUTa ke tRtIya kRSNarAjA ke svargavAsa ke uparAnta muJja kI sabhA meM calA gayA thaa| ataH halAyudha kA kAla sAmAnyatayA saM0 675-1050 vi0 taka mAnA jA sakatA hai| halAyudha ne kavirahasya ke prArambha meM apane ko 'dhAtuparAyaNAmbhodhipArottIrNadhIH / ' . . . . . kahA hai / vizeSaNa satya hai, yaha usake kAvya ke adhyayana se vyakta hai.| isa kAvya meM 274 zloka haiN| anya nAma-isa kavirahasya ke kaviguhya aura apazabdAlyakAvya 15 bhI nAmAntara haiN| , anya grantha -halAyudha ke do grantha aura prasiddha haiM-eka piGgalachandaHsUtra TIkA mRtasaJjIvanI, aura dUsarA abhidhAnaratnamAlA nAmaka kosh| TIkAkAra-isa kAvya para do TIkAeM upalabdha hotI haiN| : 20 9-hemacandrAcArya (saM0 1145-1229 vi0) prAcArya hemacandra ne svIya zabdAnuzAsana ke saMskRta aura prAkRta donoM prakAra ke lakSaNoM ke lakSyoM ko darzAne ke lie eka mahAkAvya likhA hai, isakA nAma hai-kumArapAlacarita / isake prArambha meM 20 sarga saMskRta meM haiM, aura anta ke 8 sarga prAkRta meM, isaliye ise dvayA- 1 zraya kAvya bhI kahate haiN|

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5 10 saMskRta vyAkaraNa - zAstra kA itihAsa AcArya hemacandra ke dezakAla Adi ke sambandha meM isa grantha ke prathama bhAga pRSTha 695-666 ( ca0 saM0) taka vistAra se likha cuke / pAThaka isa viSaya meM vahIM dekheM / 20 462 10 - nArAyaNa [ brahmadatta sUnu ] ( 15vIM zatI se pUrva ) brahmadatta ke putra nArAyaNa kavi ne subhadrAharaNa nAmaka eka kAvyazAstra likhA hai / isa kAvya ke do hastalekha madrAsa rAjakIya hastalekha saMgraha meM vidyamAna haiM / dra0- - sUcIpatra bhAga 3 khaNDa 1C, pRSTha 3883, saMkhyA 2720, tathA bhAga 5, khaNDa 1B, pRSTha 6358, saMkhyA 4323 / dvitIya hastalekha ke prathama sarga ke anta meM nimna pATha hai'brahmadatta (sUna) nArAyaNaviracitaM vyAkaraNodAharaNe savivaraNe subhadrAharaNe prakIrNakANDaM prathamaH sargaH / ' kAvya kA paricaya - isa kAvya meM 16 sarga haiM / aSTAdhyAyI ke krama se sUtroM ke udAharaNoM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara kavi ne isa kAvya kI 15 racanA kI hai / kucha prakaraNoM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM-- *) 6 - avyaya kavilasita ( graSTA0 3/4 pUrvArdha) 7 - prAgdIvyatIya vilasita ( praSTA0 4 / 1 - 3 ) 8 - prAgvahatIyAdi vilasita ( bhraSTA0 414 / 1 - 5 13 6 - svArthikapratyayAdi vilasita (praSTA0 5 / 3-4) / kAla - isa kAvya meM bhaTTabhUma ke sadRza pANinIya sUtrakrama kA AzrayaNa karane se spaSTa hai ki isa grantha kI racanA pANinIya sampradAya meM prakriyAgranthoM ke paThana-pAThana meM vyavahRta hone se pUrva huI hai / isaliye yaha grantha 15 vIM zatI se pUrva kA hogA / vivaraNakAra 25 isa kAvya para granthakAra ne svayaM vivaraNa likhA hai, yaha pUrvanirdiSTa vacana se spaSTa hai | isa kAvya aura isake racayitA ke viSaya meM isase adhika hama kucha nahIM jAnate /

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lakSya-pradhAna kAvyazAstrakAra vaiyAkaraNa kavi 463 . 11-vAsudeva kavi . kisI vAsudeva nAmA vidvAn viracita vAsudeva-carita athavA vAsudeva-vijaya nAmaka eka kAvya milatA hai| ___ aneka vAsudeva-vAsudeva nAmaka aneka kavi ho cuke haiM / eka vAsudeva bhaTTabhUma viracita rAvaNArjunIya kAvya kA vyAkhyAtA hai 5 (isake viSaya meM pUrva likha cuke haiM) / dUsarA vAsudeva kavi yudhiSThiravijaya kAvya kA racayitA hai| inake atirikta anya bhI katipaya vAsudeva nAmA kavi ho cuke hai| ___ kotha ko bhUla kItha ne apane 'saMskRta sAhitya kA itihAsa' grantha ke (hindI anuvAda) pRSTha 164 Ti0 3 meM 'vAsudevavijaya' aura 10 'yudhiSThiravijaya' ke racayitA do sanAmA kaviyoM ko eka banA diyA hai, yaha usakI pratyakSa bhUla hai / donoM ke granthoM kI racanA-zailI itanI bhinna-bhinna hai ki donoM ko eka kisI prakAra nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| isa dRSTi se 'saMskRta sAhitya kA saMkSipta itihAsa' ke lekhakadvaya ne ina donoM granthoM ke racayitAnoM ko kazmIra vAsI mAnate hue bhI inake 15 pArthakya ke viSaya meM jo kucha likhA haiM (dra0-pRSTha 176-177) vaha sarvathA ThIka hai| vAsudeva-carita- isa kAvya meM 6 sarga haiM / anta ke tIna sargoM ko dhAtukAvya bhI kahA jAtA hai / yaha nirNayasAgara bambaI se prakAzita kAvyamAlA meM chapa cukA hai| . . saMskRta menyuskRpTsa prAiveTa lAyabrarI sAUtha iNDiyA ke sUcIpatra meM granthakramAGka 2621, 2890, pRSTha 238, 256, para dhAtukAvya ke do hastalekha nirdiSTa haiN| vahAM inake racayitA kA nAma nArerI vAsudeva aGkita hai| - ye donoM hastalekha vAsudeva vijaya ke uttarArdha ke hI haiM, athavA 25 svatantra grantha haiM, yaha kahanA kaThina hai| anya dhAtukAvya nArAyaNa kavi kRta bhI eka dhAtukAvya hai| isa kA varNana Age kiyA jaaegaa| vAsudevavijaya ke racayitA vAsudeva kavi ke viSaya meM hameM isase adhika kucha jJAta nhiiN| __ 20

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464 saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa 12-nArerI vAsudeva vAsudeva kavi ke prasaMga meM hama likha cuke haiM ki saMskRta menyuskRpTsa prAiveTa lAibrarI sAutha iNDiyA ke sUcIpatra meM nArerI vAsudeva viracita dhAtukAvya ke do hastalekha nirdiSTa haiN| yaha nArerI vAsudeva vAsudevavijaya ke granthakAra vAsudeva kavi se bhinna hai athavA abhinna, isa viSaya meM hama nizcayAtmaka rUpa se kucha bhI nahIM kaha skte| 13-nArAyaNa kavi (saM0 1617-1733 ?) nArAyaNa kavi ne dhAtupATha ke udAharaNoM ko lakSya meM rakhakara 10 dhAtukAvya kI racanA kI / apANinIyapramANatA ke sampAdaka ne dhAtukAvya kA racayitA prakriyAsarvasva aura apANinIyapramANatA Adi vividha granthoM kA lekhaka nArAyaNa bhaTTa hai, aisA kahA hai| yadi dhAtukAvya kA racayitA nArAyaNa kavi nArAyaNa bhaTTa hI ho, to isakA kAla saM0 1617 - 1733 vi0 ke madhya honA caahie|' . isa kAvya kA eka savyAkhya hastalekha madrAsa zAsakIya hastalekha saMgraha meM vidyamAna hai|' isake prArambha kA lekha isa prakAra hai - 'udAhRtaM pANinisUtramaNDalaM prAgvAsudevena tadUrdhvato'paraH / udAharatyadya vRkodaroditAn dhAtUn krameNaiva hi mAdhavasaMzrayAt // ' arthAt-pahale vAsudeva ne pANini ke sUtramaNDala ko udAhRta 20 kiyaa| usake pazcAt maiM vRkodara (bhImasena) kathita dhAtuoM ko mAdhava (mAdhavIyA dhAtuvRtti ) ke Azraya se udAhRta karatA huuN| isa zloka meM nirdiSTa vAsudeva kauna hai, yaha nizcitarUpa se kahanA kaThina hai| tathApi hamArA vicAra hai ki yaha bhaTTabhUma viracita rAvaNArjunIya kAvya kA vyAkhyAtA vAsudeva hai| 1. dra0- isI grantha kA prathama bhAga, pRSTha 605-608 (ca0 saMska0) / 2. dra0-sUcIpatra bhAga 4, khaNDa 18 / isa hastalekha kI kramasaMkhyA tathA sacIpatra kI pRSTha saMkhyA kA nirdeza karanA hama bhUla gaye / parantu kramasaMkhyA 3682, pRSTha 5451 se kucha pUrva hai, itanA nizcita hai|

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lakSya-pradhAna kAvyazAstrakAra vaiyAkaraNa kavi . 465 vyAkhyAkAra-rAmapANipAda madrAsa ke sUcIpatra meM ukta savyAkhya ghAtupATha ke vyAkhyAtA kA nAma rAmapANipAda nirdiSTa hai| isase adhika nArAyaNa kavi ke dhAtukAvya ke vyAkhyAtA ke viSaya meM hama kucha nahIM jaante| upasaMhAra hamane 'saMskRta vyAkaraNazAstra kA itihAsa' grantha ke dvitIya bhAga meM saMskRta zabdAnuzAsanoM se sAkSAt saMbaddha dhAtupATha, gaNapATha, uNAdipATha, paribhASApATha, liGgAnuzAsana tathA vyAkaraNazAstra se sAmAnyarUpa se saMbaddha phiTa sUtra, prAtizAsya, dArzanika grantha, lakSya pradhAna kAvyoM ke 10 pravaktA, racayitA aura vyAkhyAtAoM kA varNana kiyA hai| isa prakAra yaha vyAkaraNazAstra kA itihAsa do bhAgoM meM pUrNa hayA hai| isa grantha se sambaddha anekavidha pariziSToM kA saMgraha tRtIya bhAga meM kiyA jaayegaa|' ityajayameru (ajamera) maNDalAntargata viraJcyAvAsAbhijanena . zrIyamunAdevIgaurIlAlAcAryayorAtmajena padavAkyapramANajJa- 15 mahAvaiyAkaraNAnAM zrIbrahmavattAcAryANAmannevAsinA bhAradvAjagotra-tripravareNa vAjasaneya-caraNena mAdhyandininA yudhiSThira-mImAMsakena viracite saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstretihAse dvitIyo bhAgaH pUrtimagAt / zubhaM bhavatu lekhakapAThakayoH ! 1. yaha tRtIya bhAga isI varSa (saM0 2030 meM) prathama bAra prakAzita ho rahA hai|

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'yudhiSThira mImAMsaka ke anya grantha (viracita anUdita aura sampAdita) likhita1. saMskRta vyAkaraNa-zAstra kA itihAsa (tIna bhAga) 125-00 2. vaidika svara mImAMsA (aprApya) 3. vaidika chando mImAMsA 15.00 4. Rgveda kI RksaMkhyA (saMskRta-hindI) 2000 5. vaidika siddhAnta-mImAMsA 30-00 anadita " mImAMsA-zAbara-bhASya =ArSamata vimarzinI hindI vyAkhyA prathama bhAga 40.00 ; dvitIya 30-00; tRtIya 50.00 ; caturtha 50-00 / 7. mahAbhASya (a0 1-2) tIna bhAgoM meN| prathama bhAga (navAhnika) 50.00, dvitIya bhAga (a0 1, pA0 2-3-4) 25-00, tRtIya bhAga (a0 2) 25-00 / sampAdita8. dshpaacunnaadivRtti-apraapy| 6. nirukta-samuccaya 15-00 10. bhAgavRtti saMkalanam 6-00 11. zikSA sUtrANi (prApizala, pANinIya, cAndra) 8.00 12. devaM puruSakAropetam (dhAtupATha) 10-00 13. uNAdikoza, (svA0 dayAnanda-vRtti, vividha-pariziSTa) 12-00 14. kAzakRtsna dhAtu vyAkhyAnam 15-00 15. vAmanIya liGgAnuzAsanama 8-00 16. mAdhyandina-padapATha 25.00 17. RgvedAdi-bhASyabhUmikA (svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI) 30.00 18. RgvedabhASya (svA0 da0 sarasvatI) prathama bhAga 35-00, dvitIya bhAga 30-00, tRtIya bhAga 35-00 / 20. darzapaurNamAsa-paddhati (bhImasena zarmA) 25-00 21. zrautapadArtha nirvacanam 40-00 milane kA patA1-rAmalAla lAla kapUra TrasTa, bahAlagar3ha-131021 (sonIpata-harayANA) 2-rAmalAla kapUra eNDa saMsa pepara marceNTa, naI sar3aka, dehalI

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