Acharya Amrutchandra Vyaktitva Evam Kartutva

Author(s): Uttamchand Jain
Publisher: Todarmal Granthamala Jaipur
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/090002/1

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prAcArya amatacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva vikrama vizvavidyAlaya, ujjaina dvArA pIeca. DI. ke lie svIkRta zodha-prabandha PORAN mory ETAH sAyacA yAmAsAsa-4 lekhaka: DaoN. uttamacanda jaina ema. e., bI. eDa., pIeca. DI. Chuang Yan Ci Shi Ji Yang Yang Yang Nan Yang Wang Qi Tian Shi Zhao Ding Dui Si A Shi Si prastAvanA : DaoN. hukamacanda bhArilla zAstrI, nyAyatIrtha, sAhitya ratna, ema. e., pIeca.DI. prakAzaka: paNDita ToDaramala smAraka TrasTa e-4, bApUnagara, jayapura - 302015

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prathama saMskaraNa : 2200 di0 1 janavarI 1988 I0 (prAcArya kundakunda dvisahasrAbdi samAroha varSa ) (c) sarvAdhikAra surakSita mUtrya : : sAmAnya saMskaraNa vIsa rupaye pustakAlaya saMskaraNa cAlIsa rupaye mudraka : kapUra bhArTa prinTarsa nanihAroM kA rAstA jayapura (rAja.) prakAzakIya prastAvanA lekhakIya pRSThabhUmi saMketa sUcI viSaya sUcI (i) (xiij (xvii) (SAV) (xix)

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prakAzakIya prAcArya kumAra ke dvisAjhAlI namAra ke avasara para nake praya TIkAkAra prAcArya amRtacandra para vikrama vizvavidyAlaya, ujjaina se 'pIeca. DI.' upAdhi ke lie svIkRta DaoN. uttamacanda jI jaina dvArA likhita zodhaprabandha "prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva" prakAzita karate dvArA hameM atyadhika prasannatA kA anubhava ho rahA hai / DaoN, uttamacandajI ne prastuta zodha-prabandha meM prAcArya amRtacandra ke vyaktitva evaM kartRtva sambandhI gUr3ha tathyoM ko ujAgara kiyA hai| DaoN. uttamacandajI saMskRta meM ema. e. haiM, ata: ApakA saMskRta bhASA para prabhutva hone se Apane aneka granthoM kA gambhIratA evaM sUkSmatA se adhyayana kiyA hai| lagabhaga 18 varSa pUrva pAeko pujya zrI kAnajI svAmI kA samAgama prApta huA, jisase ApakI adhyAtma kI ora ruci aura bhI bar3ha gaI / usake pazcAta Apane aneka nyAyazAstroM evaM siddhAntazAstroM kA adhyayana adhyAtma kI dRSTi se kiyA hai| isI ke phalasvarUpa prApane zodha-khoja hetu AcArya amRtacandra ke vyaktitva evaM kartRtva viSaya ko hI cunaa| prApana aphrIkA ke keniyA deza ke pramukha zahara nAirovI meM bhI do varSa taka saparivAra nivAsa kiyA hai, jahAM apane digambara jaina mamakSa maNDala meM dharmAdhyApana kA kArya kiyA hai| bApa vartamAna meM rAjakIya uccatara mAdhyamika vidyAlaya sivanI meM vyAkhyAtA ke pada para kAryarata haiN| ApakI vidvatApUrNa vyAkhyAna zailI atyanta lokapriya evaM prabhAvazAlI hone se sArA jaina samAja Apase bhalI-bhAMti paricita hai| 1984 I meM prApakA paryuSaNa dAdara bimbaI) meM huaa| ukta avasara para grApakI ho preraNA se isa zodha-prabandha ke prakAzana ke lie mumukSa maNDala, dAdara ke sadasyoM se prAvazyaka dhanarAzi ke vacana prApta hue| dAdara mumukSu maNDala ko bhAvanA thI ki isa grantha kA prakAzana kisI aisI pratiSThita saMsthA se ho. jo isa kAma ko sahaja bhAva se kara sake, tathA isa anya kA samucita pracAra-prasAra bhI ho sake, sAtha meM isa rAzi se bhaviSya meM isIprakAra ke granthoM kA prakAzana hotA rahe / ataH zrI kundakunda kahAna digambara jaina tIrtha surakSA dasTa sa anurodha kiyA gayA, para ukta TrasTa kA uddezya prAcAryoM evaM divamata prAcIna vidvAnoM ke sAhitya prakAzana taka sImita hone meM paNDita ToDaramala smAraka TrasTa se anurodha kiyA gayA / hamAre dvArA saharSa svIkAra kara lene para ukta grandha A

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kA prakAzana kA bhAra tathA ukta rAzi samarpita kara dI gayI / pariNAmasvarUpa prastuta kRti Apake hAthoM meM hai| isa grantha ke prakAzana meM sahayoga dene vAloM ko nAmAvalI granthAnta meM sadhanyavAda prakAzita kI jA rahI hai / zodha-prabandhoM ke prakAzana kI zrRMkhalA meM yaha hamArA nRtIya prakAzana hai| sabase pahale hamane DaoN, bhArilla dvArA likhita evaM indaura vizvavidyAlaya se pIeca. DI. kI upAdhi ke lie svIkRta 'paNDita ToDaramala : vyaktitva aura kartRtva" nAmaka zodha-prabandhra kA prakAzana kiyA thA / dUsarA - DaoN. zuddhAtmaprabhA dvArA likhita evaM rAjasthAna vizvavidyAlaya se pIeca. DI. upAdhi ke lie svIkRta "prAcArya kundakunda aura unake TIkAkAra" kA prakAzana kiyA thA aura yaha tIsasa prakAzana hai| inake atirikta hamane do ladhu zodha-prabandha bhI prakAzita kiye haiN| rAjasthAna vizvavidyAlaya dvArA ema. e. kI parIkSA ke navama prazna-patra ke lie svIkRta zuddhAtmaprabhA dvArA likhita "prAcArya amRtacandra aura usa puruSArtha saduyAya" yA adhyAtmaprabhA dvArA likhita 'kavivara banArasIdAsa : vyaktitva aura kartRtva" / / isake zIghra prakAzana hetu aneka prayAsa karate rahane para bhI anumAna se bhI adhika samaya laga gayA hai| sAtha hI prakAzana meM jitanI zuddhatA evaM sundaratA AnI cAhie thI, vaha bhI nahIM A sakI / tadartha kSamA prArthI haiN| prastuta zodha-prabandha ke lekhana hetu DaoN. uttamacandajI dhanyavAda ke pAtra haiN| DaoN hukamacandajI bhArilla ne isakI sundara evaM vistRta prastAvanA likhI hai; ataH unake bhI hama hArdika aAbhArI haiN| isake prUphasaMzodhana meM paNDita abhayakumArajI jaina darzanAcArya eva prakAzana vyavasthA meM akhila baMsala kA sarAhanIya sahayoga rahA hai, ataH hama ukta donoM mahAnubhAvoM ke bhI AbhArI haiM / mudraNa vyavasthA hetu kapUra pArTa prinTarsa vAle bhI dhanyavAda ke pAtra haiN| paramopakArI pUjya zrI kAnajI svAmI ke upakAra ko to kSaNamAtra bhI vismRta nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| unhIM ke sadupadeza evaM satpreraNA se DaoN. hukamacandajI evaM DaoN uttamacandajI jaise uccakoTi ke vidvAna unake dvArA prasArita vItarAga mArga ke pracAra evaM prasAra meM saMlagna haiN| 1 janavarI, 1688 I0 nemIcanda pATanI mahAmaMtrI, paNDita ToDaramala smAraka TrasTa ( iv }

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prastAvanA DaoN0 hukamacanda bhArilla zAstrI, nyAyatIrtha, sAhityaratna ema. e., pIeca. DI. adhyAtmasarovara meM AkaNTha-nimAna prAcArya amRta vandra ne apanI RtiyoM meM adhyAtma kI aisI manthara mandAkinI pravAhita kI hai ki jisake amala zItala jala meM DubakI lagAne vAle AtmArthIjana adbhuta sukha-zAMti kA anubhava karate haiM / vigata eka hajAra varSa meM na jAne kitane AtmArthiyoM ne isa pAvana adhyAtmagaMgA meM majana kara zubhAzubha bhAva ke saMtApa se mukti prApta kara tandriya samandha kA rasapAna kiyA hai, kara rahe haiM aura bhaviSya meM bhI kreNge| ayi kathamapi mRtvA tatva kautUhalI san, anubhava bhava mUrtaH pArzvavartI muhUrtam / / are bhAI ! kisI bhI prakAra marakara bhI tatvoM kA kautalI hokara - nija bhagavAna AtmA kA rucita hokara -- ina zarIrAdi mUrta padArthoM kA par3osI hokara kama se kama eka muhUrta (48 minaTa - do ghar3I) apane prAtmA kA anubhava to kr| virama kimapareraNAkAryakolAhalena, svayamapi nibhRtaH san pazya SaNmAsamekam // ' are bhavyAtmA ! anya vyartha ke kolAhala karane se kyA lAbha hai ? tU jagata ke isa kArya kolAhala se virAma le, isameM samaya kharAba mata kara / eka chaha mahinA jagata se nivRtta hokara ekamAtra nija bhagavAna prAtmA ko dekha / " mRdu sambodhanoM se mukta aisI asaMkhya preraNAyeM prAcArya amRtacandra ke sAhitya-gagana meM paga-paga para dRSTigocara hotI haiM, jo sAdhakoM ke hRdaya ko jhakajhora detI haiM, unheM prAtmAnubhava karane kI, prAtmA meM hI samA jAne kI ora prerita karatI rahatI haiM / antara ko cha lene vAle ye mRdula sambodhana AtmArthiyoM kI aisI sampatti haiM. jo unheM antara kI gaharAI meM utarane kI praraNA to detI hI hai, sAtha hI sanmArga se bhaTakane bhI nahIM detii| -- - 1. samayasAra kalaza, 23 2. samayasAra kalaza, 34

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zrAcArya amRtacandra ne jina - adhyAtma ke pratiSThApaka prAcArya kundakunda ke adhyAtma ko zrAtmasAt kara, unhIM ke granthoM para likhI gaI TokAoM ke mAdhyama se jina adhyAtma ko aisA mRdula kintu sazakta rUpa pradAna kiyA ki logoM ko kundakunda ke samaya mAra se bhI adhika mahimA AcArya amRtacandra kRta samayasAra kI AtmasyAti TIkA kI Ane lgii| isase bar3I saphalatA AcArya amRtacandra kI aura kyA ho sakatI thI ? isa sandarbha meM prAcAryakalpa paNDita ToDaramalajI jaise variSTha AtmArthI vijJAna kA nimnAMkita kathana draSTavya hai - - "vartamAna kAla meM adhyAtmatatva to zrAtmakhyAti samayasAra prantha kI amRtacandra AcAryakRta TIkA meM hai aura grAgama kI carcA gommaTasAra meM hai tathA aura anya granthoM meM hai / - jo jAnate haiM, vaha likhane meM Abe nahIM, isalie tuma bhI adhyAtma tathA Agama granthoM kA abhyAsa rakhanA aura svarUpAnanda meM magna rahanA / ' -- isameM vizeSa dhyAna dene yogya bAta yaha hai ki AcAryakalpa paDita ToDaramalajI sudUravartI mulatAnanagara meM rahane vAle sAdharmI bhAiyoM ko zradhyAtma ke adhyayana ke lie AcArya amRtacandra kI AtmakhyAti TIkA ke adhyayana kI salAha dete haiM / adhyAtma kI gaharAI jAnane ke lie ekamAtra AtmasyAti ko salAha dene vAle ToDaramalajI ke hRdaya meM grAtmakhyAti aura usake karttA AcArya amRtacandra kI kitanI mahimA hogI ? isakI kalpanA saralatA se kI jA sakatI hai / sacamuca hI svarUpagupta amRtacandra jina adhyAtma ke stambha haiM / jina adhyAtma kI paramparA meM AcArya kundakunda ke bAda yadi kisI kA nirvivAda rUpa se nAma liyA jA sakatA hai to ve haiM - svarUpagupta prAcArya amRtacandra, jinakA pratyeka pada adhyAtma-amRta se sarAbora hai / "svarUpa gupta" AcArya amRtacandra kI eka aisI upAdhi hai, jise unhoMne svayaM lI hai aura jo unake jIvana aura bhAvanA ko abhivyakta karane meM pUrNataH samartha hai | AtmakhyAti ke antima chanda meM ukta upAdhi ko apane nAma ke sAtha jor3ate hue ve likhate haiM - 1. "svazaktisaMsUcita vastutatvarvyAkhyA kRteyaM samayasya zabdaH / svarUpaguptasya na kincidasti karttavyamevAmRta candrasUreH / / rahasyapUrNa ciTTI, antima pRSTha ( vi )

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jinhoMne apanI zakti se vastutatva ko bhalIbhAMti kahA hai, ese yoM ne isa samayasAra nAmaka grantha kI athavA zuddhAtmA kI vyAkhyA kI hai, svarUpapta (grapane svabhAva meM hI lIna rahane vAle ) amRta prAcArya kA (merA) isameM kucha bhI karttavya nahIM hai arthAt maiMne isameM kucha bhI nahIM kiyA hai / " bahumukhI pratibhA ke dhanI yAtrA amRtacandra na kevala siddhahasta kavi hI haiM, apitu supratiSThita saphala gadyakAra bhI haiN| unakI pratibhA kA camatkAra gadya aura padya sAhitya kI donoM hI vidhAnoM meM samAna rUpa se prasphuTita huA hai| amRtacandra kI kRtiyoM kA adhyayana karate samaya eka bAta atyanta spaSTa rUpa se pratibhArita hotI hai ki jaba ve kisI bAta ko siddha karanA cAhate haiM, samajhAnA cAhate haiM to gadya kA sahArA lete haiM aura jaba ve antara se gadgad hokara adhyAtmamArga meM calane kI preraNA denA cAhate haiM to sahaja hI unake kala se, unakI kalama se kavitA prasphuTita hone lagatI hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki unake sAhitya meM buddhi evaM hRdaya donoM kA hI sundaratam samanvaya hai| na to ve ekAntataH bhAvuka hI haiM aura na zuSka tarkabAja unake granthoM meM bhAvanA aura tarka kA sundaratama sarasa samanvaya hai / jaba unakI buddhi hRdaya para hAvI rahatI hai, taba ve parimArjita gadya likhate haiM aura jaba hRdaya buddhi para hAvI ho jAtA hai, taba ve zAntarasa se sarAvora pravAhamayI prAMjala padya likhane lagate haiN| - - isa bAta ko AtmasvAti meM vizeSarUpa se dekhA jA sakatA hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki 'AtmakhyAti' campU bana gaI hai / gadyapadyamayaM kAvyaM campUrityabhidhIyate gadya aura padya jisameM mizrita ho, use campU kahate haiM / bhAvoM ko udvelita kara dene vAle preraNAspada pravAha ke lie jo anukUlatA padya meM pAI jAtI hai, vaha gadya meM nahIM / isIprakAra vastusvarUpa ke satarka pratipAdana ke lie jo vizAla kSetra gadya pradAna karatA hai, vaha kSamatA padya meM nahIM hotI / kisI viSaya ke vizeSa spaSTIkaraNa ke lie tarka-vitarka jarUrI hai| tarka-vitarka kI uchala-kUda bAlI bhASA ke bhAra ko padma vadasti nahIM kara ekatA, gadya meM hI vaha kSamatA hai ki jo tarka-vitarka kI bhASA meM buddhipakSa ko nirvAdha vicaraNa karane ke lie asImita kSetra pradAna karatA hai | akSara mAtrA, svara, tAla Adi asIma bandhanoM ke bIca lImita padyakSetra meM tarkavitarka kA tANDava sambhava nahIM hai / ( vii )

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AtmakhyAtikAra AcArya amRtacandra ne jina-adhyAtma ke dArzanika pakSa ke spaSTIkaraNa ke lie gadya evaM AtmArthiyoM ko prAtmahita kI pAvana preraNA dene ke lie padya kA cunAva kiyaa| isaprakAra prAtmakhyAti TIkA gadya-padyamaya campUkAvya bana gaI hai| ___ AcArya amRtacandra kI maulika kRtiyAM padya meM haiM aura TIkA grantha gadya meM, para yAtmakhyAti isakA apavAda hai; usameM gadya ke sAtha-sAtha padya kA bhI paryApta prayoga huA hai| anya TIkAgranthoM meM padya pAye hI na jAte hoM- yaha bAta nahIM hai; para prAdi aura anta meM maMgalAcaraNa aura prazastiyoM ke rUpa meM hI pAye jAte haiM, TIkAyoM ke bIca meM bahuta kama dekhane ko milate haiM, para prAtmakhyAti meM to 278 chanda haiM, jo TIkA ke bahuta bar3e bhAga ko ghera lete haiN| yadi unheM TIkA se pRthaka kara de to TIkA cuse hae Ama kI bhAMti nIrasa ho jAvegI; kyoMki ukta padyoM ne TIkA ko jo sarasatA pradAna kI hai, vaha adbhuta hai, apUrva hai ! yahI kAraNa hai ki prAtmayAdi ke eka padyoM ko alaga kara unheM pRthaka grantha ke rUpa meM to apanAyA jAtA rahA hai, para akele gadya bhAga ko kabhI pRthaka rUpa se nahIM rakhA gayA hai| pANDe rAjamalajI kI kalaza TIkA, bhaTTAraka zubhacandra kI paramAdhyAtmataraMgiNI evaM paNDita zrI jaganmohanalAlajI zAstrI kA adhyAtma amRta kalaza Adi TIkAeM isake prabala pramANa haiN| ukta tInoM TIkAgrantha AtmakhyAti meM samAgata kalazoM ( chandoM) kI hI TokAeM haiN| kavivara paNDita banArasIdAsajI ne prAtmakhyAti ke kalazoM evaM pANDe rAjamalajI kI TIkA ko AdhAra banAkara sundaratama chandAnuvAda prastuta kiyA hai, jo samayasAra nATaka nAma se prasiddha hai, atyanta lokapriya hai / __ "gadya kavInAM nikaSa vadanti - madya kaviyoM kI kasauTI hai" - isa sakti meM pratipAdita tathya kI kasauTI para jaba hama prAcArya amRtacandra ke gadya ko kasate haiM, to unakA gadya sauTaMca kA kharA svarNa siddha hotA hai| apane viSaya ke pratipAdana meM pUrNataH samartha, atyanta sugaThita, praur3ha, prAMjala unake gadya meM eka aisA manorama pravAha pAyA jAtA hai, jo pAThakoM ke hRdaya ko ekadama bAMdha letA hai| unake gadya ko ekadama sarala to nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai, para usa para kaThinatA kA Aropa lagAnA bhI asambhava hai, apanI bhASAgata kamajorI kA pradarzana mAtra hai / "kAnyeSu nATakaM ramyaM - kAzyoM meM nATaka svabhAvataH hI ramya hote haiN| isa sUkti para unake kAvya ko kasanA isa lie sambhava nahIM hai, kyoMki (viii)

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unhoMne koI nATaka nahIM likhA; para unhoMne prAtmakhyAti ko nATakIyatA kA rUpa avazya pradAna kiyA hai| eka adhyAtmagrantha kI dIkA meM nATakIya tattvoM kA samAveza karake unhoMne use eka aisI rocakatA pradAna kara dI hai, jo pAThakoM ko sahaja hI AkarSita karatI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki kavivara paNDita banArasIdAsajI ne apane padyAnuvAda kA nAma hI 'samayasAra nATaka' rakhA hai| AcArya kundakunda kI jina-adhyAtma paramparA ko pAge bar3hAne kA paramazreya to Apako hai ho, AdhastutikAra prAcArya samantabhadra kI stotra paraMparA ko bhI usI rUpa meM pallavita karane kA zreya bhI grAyako hI hai| kyoMki prApakA 'laghutattvasphoTa' nAmaka stotra bhI usI zailI meM likhA gayA hai, jisa zailI meM prAcArya samantabhadra ke stotra pAye jAte haiM / 25-25 chandoM ke 25 adhikAroM meM vibhakta, zArdUlavikrIr3ita evaM mandAkrAntA jaise bar3e-bar3e teraha prakAra ke 626 chandoM meM likhA gayA yaha stotra apane prAkAra-prakAra meM to advitIya hai hI, bhAvapakSa aura kalApakSa kI sampUrNa vizeSatAoM se bhI maNDita hai| isake prathama adhikAra meM 24 tIrthakaroM kI stuti hai / Age ke 24 adhikAroM meM sAmAnya rUpa se jinendrabandanA ke mAdhyama se jina-siddhAntoM kA yuktipurassara nirUpaNa hai| bhAvAnurUpa chandoM evaM alaMkRta bhASA meM nibaddha yaha strota jina-siddhAnta aura jana-nyAya kA anamola khajAnA hai, jo mAdyanta mUlataH paThanIya hai| prAdyastutikAra AcAryasamantabhadra ke stotroM meM nyAyazAstra bharA par3A par3A hai / vastutaH bAta to yaha hai ki jana-nyAya kA udgama sthala hI prAcArya samaMtabhadra ke stotra haiM, jinheM AdhAra banAkara Age calakara prAcArya akalaMka aura prAcArya vidyAnandI ne jaina-nyAya kA abhedya gar3ha taiyAra kiyaa| yadyapi yaha dhruva satya hai ki kalaMka aura vidyAnandI ne samantabhadra ke devAgamastotra para vatti aura bhASya likhe, para samantabhadra kI zailI meM stotra likhane vAle sarvapramukha prAcArya amRtacandra hI haiN| amRtacandra ko chor3akara anya kisI meM yaha sAhasa dekhana meM nahIM pAyA ki samantabhadra se stotroM kI racanA kre| _ yaha bAta bhI nahIM hai ki prAcArya amRtacandra adhyAtma gaMgA meM hI DubakiyAM lagAte rahe hoM yA nyAya-zAstra ke dIhar3oM meM hI bhaTakate rahe hoM,

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unake stotroM meM bhakti kA tarala pravAha bhI hai aura unhoMna puruSArthasiddhayupAya josa sazakta zrAvakAcAra kI bhI racanA kI hai. jo prAcArya samantabhadra ke ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra meM kisI bhI prakAra kama nahIM hai, apitu aneka bAtoM meM vaha apanI alaga pahacAna bhI rakhatA hai| hiMsA-ahiMsA kA jitanA sUkSma aura vistRta vivecana unake puruSArthasiddhayupAya meM milatA hai, utanA sUkSma aura vistRta vivecana anyatra kahIM bhI dRSTigocara nahIM hotaa| aura bhI aneka aise prameyoM kA pratipAdana isameM huA hai, jo anya zrAvakAcAroM meM upalabdha nahIM hote| isIprakAra AcArya umAsvAmI kI siddhAnta paramparA ko Age bar3hAne ke lie unake dvArA racita tatvArthasutra (mokSazAstra) kI viSayavastu ko AdhAra banAkara AcArya amRtacandra ne sarala subodha bhASA meM tatvArthasAra nAmaka grantha kI padyamaya racanA kI hai| isaprakAra hama dekhate haiM ki prAcArya amRtacandra ne prAcArya kundakunda kI adhyAtma paramparA, prAcArya umAmvAmI ko siddhAnta paramparA evaM prAcArya mamantabhadra kI stotra paramparA tathA zrAvakAcAra nirUpaNa paramparA ko vikasita karane meM abhUtapUrva yogadAna diyA hai| unake isa amUlya yogadAna kA mUlyAMkana karanA zodha-samIkSakoM kA eka aisA kartavya hai, jisakI upekSA ko jAnA ucita nahIM hai| dhyAna rahe prAcArya kRndakanda, umAsvAmI aura samantabhadra prathamadvitIya zatAbdI ke una diggaja AcAryoM meM haiM, jinhoMne nibaddha jinAgama paramparA ko mahatvapUrNa prArambhika yogadAna diyA hai 1 ve prAcArya apanI-apanI paramparA ke prAdya praNetA haiN| inake grantha paravartI AcArya paramparA ko Adarza rahe haiN| ukta AcAryoM ke granthoM ke gahana adhyetA atmAnubhavI prAcArya amRtacandra meM unake granthoM meM pratipAdita viSayavastu ko apane granthoM ke mAdhyama se jisa jIvantatA ke sAtha prastuta kiyA hai, vaha apane grApa meM adbhuta hai, samAbaraNIya hai, anukaraNIya hai / grAcArya amRtacandra ke vyaktitva evaM kartRtva kA zodhaparaka malyAMkana kie jAne kI prAvazyakatA nirantara anubhava kI jA rahI thI, para yogya godhArthI ke abhAva meM yaha kArya sampanna nahIM ho pA rahA thaa|

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adhyAtma rasika hone se prAcArya amRta candra mere atyanta priya prAcArya rahe haiN| unakI kRtiyoM meM adhyayana - adhyApata meM mujhe adbhuta prAnanda kA anubhava hotA hai| jaba bhI koI zodhArthI mubhase zodha ke lie viSaya ke sambandha meM salAha lene nAtA to maiM koha viSaya samAra koI isa viSaya para zodha - pravandha likhane kA sAhasa nahIM juTA pAyA / jaba DaoN. uttamacandajI jaina ne bhI mujha se zodha ke lie viSaya canane meM sahayoga mAmA no ne apanI ruci ke anusAra unheM bhI yahI viSaya sujhAyA / / mujhe atyanta prasannatA hai ki unhoMne merI bAta kA vajana anubhava karata hAe prAcArya amRtacandra para zodhakArya karane kA nizcaya kiyA / yadi yaha viSaya aura koI le letA to nizcita hI isa stara kA kArya honA sambhava nahIM thA / DaoN. uttamacandajI vyatpanna vidvAna to hai ho, adhyAtmarasika bhI haiN| ataH unhoMne pUre manoyoga se isa kArya ko sampanna kiyA hai aura apanI zodha - khoja ko sundaratama rUpa meM prastuta karane meM ve pUrNataH saphala hue haiN| unakI bhAvanA thI ki unakI isa kRti ko prastAvanA bhI maiM hI lindU, kyoMki merA yaha priya viSaya bhI hai aura maiMne hI unheM vaha viSaya sujhAyA thaa| jitanI vistRta aura sarvAMga prastAvanA maiM likhanA cAhatA thA, utanA samaya mujhe nahIM mila pA rahA thaa| ata: maiMne unase anurodha kiyA ki Apa yaha kAma kisI anya yogyatama vidvAna se karA leM, para unakA Agraha banA hI rahA / pariNAmasvarUpa jo bhI, jaisI bhI prastAvanA mai likha sakA hUM, vaha Apake samakSa hai| vaise to sambandhita sampUrNa viSayavastu ko unhoMne apane zodha-prabancha meM sameTa hI liyA hai, phira bhI unake aAgraha - anurodha se mujhe bhI prAcArya amRtacandra ko apane zraddhAsumana samarpita karane kA avasara sahaja hI mila gayA hai - tadartha maiM unakA prabhArI huuN| grAzA hai vijJajana athaka zrama se sampanna isa starIya zodhakArya se avazya lAbha uThAyeMge / 27 akTubara 1987 1. DaoN. hukamacanda bhArilla

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lekhakIya prAcArya amRtacandra saMskRta vAGamaya ke asAdhAraNa sAhityakAra evaM advitIya adhyAtma rasika hae haiN| vAstava meM ve prAcArya zreSTha kundakunda svAmI ke digambara darzana, tattva nathA adhyAtma parak prAkRta sUtroM athavA gAthAoM ke marmaja vyAkhyAtA, maulika grantha praNetA aura adhyAtma rasa ke rasiyA ke rUpa meM vizruta the| unhoMne apane pUrvavartI kundakundAdi prAcAryoM ko hajAra varSIya disambara sAhitya, darzana ke adhyAtma kI parama ke marma ko apane meM yAtmasAt kara apanI kRtiyoM va TokAnoM dvArA IsvI dazavIM zatI ke bAda kI hajAra barSa taka kI paramparA ko Alokita tathA anuprANita kiyaa| AcArya kundakuda ne jisa adhyAtma evaM darzana kA bIja boyA thA, use apane anupama vyaktitva dvArA pallavita, puSpita, phalita aura vistRta karane kA pUrNa zreya prAcArya amRtacandra ko hI hai| aise mahAna prAcArya evaM unakI anupama kRtiyoM ko janasAdhAraNa hI nahIM, apitu vidvajjana bhI vismRta kara baiThe the| yadi AdhyAtmika satpuruSa zrI kAnajI svAmI kA udaya na huA hotA to prAcArya kandakanda kI do hajAra varSIya digambara darzana kI tatvajJAna va adhyAtma kI paramparA bIsavIM sadI ke anta taka lupta prAyaH ho gaI hotii| kAnajI svAmI ke kAraNa aba prAcArya kundakanda evaM prAcArya amRtacandra kA vyaktitva evaM kartRtva na kebala Alokita hI huA hai, balki vidvajjanoM tathA sarvasAmAnya janoM ke AkarSaNa, adhyayana aura rasAsvAdana kA viSaya banane lagA hai| kAnajI svAmI sonagar3ha (saurASTra ke dvArA vartamAna bIsavIM sadI meM eka mahAna AdhyAtmika krAMti kA zaMkhanAda kiyA gyaa| unake dvArA adhyAtma yuga kA punanirmANa huaA 1 unake vyApaka pracAra va prasAra me eka ora jana adhyAtma kA prakAza deza tathA videzoM meM phailA tathA dUsaro prora prAcArya kundakunda tathA amRtacandra kA prabhAva sUrya tathA candra kI bhAMti pragaTa huA / { xii )

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/ isa krAMti kI lahara meM AdhyAtmika tattvajJAna zikSaNa-prazikSaNa ziviroM kokhalA prArambha huI / san 1974 meM ukta zRkhalA ko eka kar3I ke rUpa meM eka zivira malakApura (bulaDhANA-mahArASTra meM lgaa| usa samaya aAdaraNIya paM. DaoN. hukamacandajo bhAri gla, zAstrI jayapura ke satparAmarza evaM zraddheya paM. zrImAn bAbUbhAI cunnIlAla mehatA phatepura (sAbarakAMThA-gujarAta) evaM AdaraNIya va. zrImAna mANikacandra jI caMdare, kAraMjA pAkolA - mahArASTra kI satpreraNA se jainAcArya amRtacandra para zodha va khoja karane kA vicAra pakkA huyA, parantu usakA vidhivata prArambha nahIM ho skaa| 1978 meM aAdaraNIya zrImAn prophesara jamanAlAla jI jaina (indaura) ke sauhArda, sadabhAvanA va satyAsa sa aAdaraNAya zrImAna DaoN. harIndrabhUSaNa jI jaina, upAcArya - saMskRta vibhAga - vikrama vizvavidyAlaya ujjaina (ma.pra.) ke suyogya nirdezana kI svIkRti kA saubhAgya milaa| idhara zikSA vibhAga se zodha karane kI anumati tathA vikrama vizvavidyAlaya ujjaina meM zodha kArya hetu merA paMjIkaraNa Adeza prApta hone se merA utsAha dviguNita ho gyaa| tatpazcAt 'prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM vartRtva' zIrSaka ke antargata prastAvanA sahita ATha adhyAyoM meM nimnAnusAra zodha va khoja karake zodha prabandha likhA 1 sarvaprathama pRSThabhumi prAkkathana) meM digambarAcArya paramparA meM prAcArya amRtatcandra kA sthAna, mahatva tathA kRtiyoM para zodha kI AvazyakatA pradarzita kii| - prathama adhyAya meM prAcArya amRtacandra kI pUrvakAlIna dhArmika, sAhityika tathA rAjanaitika paristhitiyoM kA sapramANa vizad AloDana kiyA gayA / dvitIya adhyAya meM prAcArya amRtacandra kA jIvana paricaya karAyA gayA / isake antargata amRtacandra kA samaya nirdhAraNa, alaukika-laukika jIvana paricaya, ThAkurakula, dravir3a saMgha, punATa saMgha tathA kASThA saMgha se amRtacandra ko sambaddha mAnane vAlI bhrAMtiyoM kA nirAkaraNa karate hae, unheM kundakunda kI naMdisaMghIya paramparA kA hI siddha kiyA gayA / AcArya paramparA meM unakA sthAna bhI darzAyA gayA / tRtIya adhyAya meM unake vyaktitva ko nATakakAra, gadya-padya va campU kAvyakAra, vyAkhyAkAra tArkika va naiyAyika, bhASAvid va siddhAntajJa, vyAkaraNajJa tathA adhyAtma rasika ke rUpa meM prakAzita kiyA gayA / unakA (xiii )

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prabhAva paravartI yAcAryoM, bhaTTArakoM tathA vidvAnoM para sapramANa spaSTa kiyA gyaa| caturtha 1 meM unakI kRtiyoM kA anuzIlana nimna binduoM ke antargata kiyA gayA - paricaya nAmakaraNa kartRvi, prAmANikatA, AdhArasrota viSayavastu pAThAnusaMdhAna, paramparA, praNAlI, vaiziSTya, vibhinna TIkAyeM, tAr3apatrIya va hastalikhita pANDulipiyAM, prakAzana evaM saMskaraNa / kRtiyoM meM puruSArthasiddha yupAya ( maulika kRti), grAtmasyAti, tatvapradIpikA tathA samayavyAkhyA (saMskRta gadya TIkAyeM), tattvArthasAra (paca TIkA ) tathA laghutattvasphoTa (navInatama upalabdha maulika stotrakAvya) mukhya haiM / 2 paMcama adhyAya meM unakI kRtiyoM kA sAhityika mUlyAMkana bhASA, zailI, alaMkAra, chaMda, rasa evaM guNa ke AdhAra para kiyA gayA / SaSThama adhyAya meM dArzanika vicAroM kA adhyayana nizcaya vyavahAra anekAMta syAdvAda nimitta upAdAna, kartA karma yAdi zIrSakoM dvArA kiyA gyaa| saptama adhyAya meM AcArya amRtacandra ke dhArmika vicAroM ko muni ke yogya yAcaraNoM arthAt muni-yAcAra evaM jJAnI zrAvakoM ke yogya samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna evaM dezavrata rUpa zrAcaraNoM ko zrAvakAcAra ke rUpa meM spaSTa kiyA gayA / aSTama adhyAya meM upasaMhAra karate hue prAcArya amRcandra ke maulika vaiziSTya adhyAtmavAda ke lie unakA yogadAna tathA vartamAna yuma ko unakI dena ina binduoM ko Alokita kiyA gayA hai / aMta meM saMdarbha graMthoM kI sUcI evaM gotropayogI sAmagrI prApti meM sahayogI graMthAlayoM kI sUcI prastuta karake zodha prabandha samApta kiyA hai| isa zodha kArya meM guruvarya DA. zrImAn harIndrabhUSaNa jI jaina kA niraMtara samparka evaM bahumucya mArgadarzana prApta huA hai. ataH bodha prabandhakA kArya pragati evaM pUrNatA ko prApta ho sakA / etadartha meM unakA ciraRNI evaM atyaMta AbhArI hU~ / jena siddhAnta bharmajJa vidvattta AdaraNIya zrImAn paM. phUlacanda jI zAstrI banArasa kI mere Upara mahatI kRpA rhii| unhoMne mujhe apane ghara rakhakara lagabhaga ATha dina taka kaI ghaNTe manoyoga pUrvaka zodha prabandha kI pragati meM amUlya yogadAna diyaa| unakI prakANDa vidvattA tathA { xiv }

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parAmarza kA pUrA-pUrA prayoga isa zodha prabandha meM huaA hai| maiM unake prati kRtajJa evaM zraddhAvanata huuN| - zodha kArya meM sambandhita manyavAn parAmarzadAtAoM meM prAdaraNIya paM. baMzIdhara jI zAstrI tathA zrImAn DaoN kastUracanda jI kAsalIvAla jayapura kA bhI grAbhAge haiM / paramAdaraNIya zrImAna ba. mANikacanda jI cavare kAraMjA akolA) ne godhopayogI sAmagrI - graMthAdi jUTAne tathA niraMtara preraNA pradAna kara meM koI kasara nahIM kii| tadartha maiM unakA atyavika RNI evaM AbhArI haM / preraNAdAyakoM meM agraNI zrImAn pro jamanAlAla jI jaina indaura hai, jinakA agrajatulya sakriya yogadAna isa kArya kA mUla preraNAsrota rahA hai / unake prati maiM ati kRtajJa hUM ! ana mAlikoM eka gahaloniyoM meM sarvazrI DaoN darabArIlAla jI koThiyA banArasa, paM. prakAzacanda jI hitaiSI dillI, paM. mANikacanda jI bhisIkara, bAhubali kumbhoja, bra. yazapAla jI elorA, zAMti kamAra jI ThavalI devalagAMva rAjA, paM devendra jaina, nImaca, paM. jJAnacanda jI jana jabalapura, na. macandra jI jaina bhopAla, mAsTara manohara lAla jI ajamera, zrI bhagatarAma jI dillI, zrI vimalacaMda zAha solApura. zrI phUlacanda jI vimalacanda jI jhAMjharI * ujjaina, zrI vimalacanda DosI indaura, zrI mAMgIlAla jI pahADiyA indaura, prophesara padmanAbha jainI varkale vizvadyAlaya, yU. esa. e. Adi pramukha haiN| zrI kundakunda kahAna tIrtha surakSA TrasTa - vambaI ne mujhe bhAgDArakara prAcyavidyA zodha saMsthAna panA kA AjIvana sadasya banAkara ukta saMsthA ke vizAlakAya graMthAlaya kA paripUrNa lAbha dilaayaa| zrI mahAvIra TrasTa madhyapradeza, indaura ne mujhe godha chAtravRtti svIkRta kara sarva prakAra zodha kArya meM sahayoga pradAna kiyA / zrImAn zikha canda jI monI tathA mumukSu maNDala jamera ne zoka kArya ke TaMkaNa kI vyavasthA karAI, TaMkaNakartA bhrAtAdRya zrI pavana kamAra ebaM zrI suzIla kamAra jaina ne manoyogapUrvaka lagAtAra zodha prabandha ke TaMkaNa meM natparatA dikhaaii| ukta sabhI vyaktiyoM saMsthAnoM evaM TamTIjanoM ke prati bhI maiM AbhArI hai| dona pravandha kI prastAvanA likhane hetu maiMna AdaraNIya paM. DaoN. hukamacanda jI bhArila, jayapura se nivedana kiyA, jise unhoMna sahaja bhAtra se svIkAra kara. bahamanya prastAvanA likhakara mujhe atyanta upakRta kiyA, tadartha hama unake RNI va prAbhArI haiN| anujavata bhAI zrImAn paM. abhayakumAra jI zAstrI jayapara ne zodha prabandha ke prakAzana kA yathA-saMbhava bhAra uThAyA, tadartha ve bhI dhanyavAda ke pAtra haiN|

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sarvAdhika mahattvapUrNa bAta yaha hai ki dAdara di. jaina mumukSu maNDala bambaI ke una sabhI sadasyoM kA jinhoMna isa zoSa prabandha ke prakAzana meM udAratA pUrvaka Arthika yogadAna diyA hai tathA vizeSakara aAdaraNIya paM. nemicanda jI zAha, zrImAn himmatabhAI zAha (maMtrI), zrI anila bhAI kAmadAra, zrI jayantIbhAI dozI Adi sabhI kA bahuta-bahuta AbhAra mAnatA hai, jinake sahayoga binA zodha prabandha kA prakAzita honA asaMbhava thaa| maiM sAtha hI una sabhI vyaktiyoM va saMsthAnoM ko parokSa rUpa meM dhanyavAda detA hU~, jinake nAmollekha meM nahIM kara sakA huuN| ___ anta meM maiM apanI yaha kRti suvijJa evaM tattvarasika pAThakoM ke sAmane isa abhiprAya se prastuta karatA hU~ ki ve isa kRti se yadi kisI bhI prakAra se "prAcArya amRtacandra - vyaktitva evaM kartRtva" se paricita hokara prAcArya evaM unakI kRttiyoM kA adhyayana kara Atmahita kI bhAvanA jAgRta kara sakeM to maiM apane zrama ko sArthaka smjhgaa| neharU vArDa, sivanI (ma. pra.) 1 gatavaro 16mA uttama canda jaina (vyAkhyAtA) ( xvi)

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pRSTha-bhUmi akhila mAnava jagata nirantara do vibhAgoM meM vibhakta rahA hai, prathama AdhyAtmika aura dvitIya bhautika / cirakAla se bhArata AdhyAtmikatA ke lie aura pAzcAtya deza bhautikatA ke lie vizruta raha haiN| isakA artha yaha nahIM hai ki sabhI bhAratavAsI AdhyAtmika haiN| yahAM bhI zuddha bhautika bAdI, nAstika evaM adhyAtma se achUte yA dUra rahate vAle vyakti bhI sadA hote rahe haiM aura Aja bhI pracAramAtrA meM haiN| 'khAmo, piyo, mauja karo" ke siddhAnta ko mAnakara mAtra iMdriya-viSayoM meM masta rahane vAle tathA pAtmA, paramAtmA aura atIndriya-yAtmika AnaMda meM avizvAsa karane vAle bhautikavAdI haiM / zubhAzubha karmoM ke phala svarga-naraka Adi haiM evaM niSkarma aAtmAnubhuti kI avasthA kA phala mukti hai / AtmA kI sattA paraloka meM bhI rahatI hai athavA aAtmA kA eka paryAya yA zarIra chor3akara dUsaro paryAya yA zarIra-prApti rUpa purnajanma hotA hai, ityAdi tathyoM ko na mAnane vAle nAstika haiN| prasiddha vaiyAkaraNa pANinI ne likhA hai "asti nAsti diSTaM mtiH'| ukta satra kI TIkA meM yAstika va nAstika ke svarUpa kA spaSTIkaraNa karate hue likhA hai:-''asti paralokaH ityevaM matiryasya saH prAstikaH, nAstIti matiryasya saH nAstikaH ' arthAt prAtmA kA paraloka meM astitva rahatA hai - aisI jinakI mAnyatA hai, be prAstika haiM tathA AtmA kA pa loka meM astitva nahIM hotA - aisI jinakI mAnyatA hai ve nAstika haiN| ukta grAghAra para hI bhArata ko adhyAtmavAdo tathA pAzcAtya dezoM ko bhautikavAdI mAnA jAtA hai / ___ samasta bhAratIya darzanoM ko dhamaNa aura zramaNetara, ina do vibhAgoM meM samAhita kiyA jA sakatA hai| vAcaspati gairolA kA bhI abhimata hai 1. siddhAnta kaumudI (bAlamanoramA TokA) 4/4/60 pR. 800 ( xvii )

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ki anAdikAla se bhAratIya bicAradhArA do rUpoM meM vibhakta rahI hai / / unameM eka hai zramaNadhArA tathA dUsarI brAhmaNa - brahmavAdI athavA zramaNetara vaaraa| zramaNadhArA pragatizIla tathA puruSArthavAdI hai| isameM AcaraNa ko pradhAnatA dI gaI hai| isakI udabhUti prAsAma, baMgAla, bihAra, madhyapradeza, rAjasthAna, tathA pUrvI uttarapradeza meM hai / isake janmadAtA jaina the| brAhmaNa dhArA paramparAmUlaka hai / usakA svarUpa vedoM meM hai / usakI udbhUti paMjAba, pazcimI uttarapradeza meM hai / ' zramaNadhArA kA maulika tathA vizuddha rUpa digambara jaina dharma hai| IsvI prathama sadI ke suvikhyAta digambarAcArya kunda-kunda ne tIrthakaroM ke lie "samaNa" arthAt "zramaNa" zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai / unake hI suprasiddha TIkAkAra prAcArya amRtacandra ne "samaNa" pada kI vyAkhyA karate hue likhA hai zramaNAhi mahAzramaNAH sarvajJavItarAgA: / "3 arthAt vAstava meM zramaNa kA artha mahAzramaNa, sarvajJa tathA botarAga hai / sAmAnyataH "zramaNa" zabda kA vyavahAra digambara jainadarzana meM nigrantha sAdhUoM ne lie hotA hai| aise sAdhUnoM ke svarUpa kA saMketa bhI prAcArya kundakunda ne kiyA hai| ve likhate haiM ki jo zatru va vandhu varga, mukha-duHkha, prazaMsA-niMdA, patthara aura svarNa meM samabhAva rakhatA hai tathA jIvana-maraNa meM madhyastha rahatA hai vaha zramaNa hai|' zramaNa pada kA anyatra yaha bhI prartho glekha hai ki jo apana vikAroM ko naSTa karane ke lie zrama kara rahA hai vaha asama hai| jaina para praura madha pAnI hai athavA zramaNa jaina dharma kA pratIka hai| eka kozakAra ne zramaNa zabda kA artha bauddha bhikSu bhI kiyA hai / bauddhadharma kA zramaNadhArA meM aMtarbhAva kucha sAmyoM ke aAdhAra para kiyA jAne lagA hai| isI taraha sAMkhya mata yadyapi mUlataH zramaNetara pArA ke antargata AtA hai / tathApi usa bhI kinhIM dRSTiyoM se zramaNadhArAne sAmya dekhakara zramaNadhArA ke sAtha parigaNita kiyA jAtA hai / ina tInoM darzanoM meM kucha sAmyatAeM isa prakAra haiM 1. saMskRta sAhitya kA itihAma pR0 83-84 2. paMcAlikAya mul| gAthA 2 tathA 125 grAdi / 4. pacAstikAya, samapavyAkhyATIkA, gAthA 2 4. pravacanasAra, mUla gAthA 242 5. janagItA pR. 14, 15 6. saMskRta zabdArtha kaustubha pR. 1175 ( xviii)

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1-tInoM darzana - veda, Izvara, yAjJika kriyAkANDa va jAtibheda ko nadI svIkArate haiN| 2- baDh prAtmavAda tathA mAtra sambandhI mAnyatA tInoM meM lagabhaga samAna hai| 3. pariNAmavAda ko bhI nInoM mAnate haiM 1 hInoM apane dharmapravartakoM ko tIrthakara tathA kSatriyakulotpanna mAnate haiN| 5-tInoM vadika devI-devatAoM para vizvAsa nahIM karate, baki vaidika acAnoM para kaTAkSa karate haiM / 6-tInoM tattvajJAna, sanyAsa aura tapazcaraNa ko pradhAnatA dete haiN| ve brahmacarya tathA gRhasthApekSA sanyAsa dharma ko mahatva dete haiM / isa taraha jaina, bauddha tathA sAMkhya ko zramaNadhArA meM aMtahita kiyA jAtA hai| zramaNetara vicAradhArA meM sabhI vaidika darzana tathA cArvAka Adi mata gabhita haiM / vaidika darzana prAkRtika jagat ke prakaTa, aprakaTa tathA kampita upAdAnoM meM bhaktimUlaka tathA sakAma upAya bhAvanA ko lekara ho vikasita hotA rahA hai / pazcAt usameM zramaNa saMskRti kI ahiMsA na adhyAtma ke prabhAva evaM pratispardhA ke kAraNa vedAMta, upaniSadAdi ke udabhava se prAdhyAtmikatA kI carcA kA samAveza jhA hai| ukta dhArA zramaNa saMskRti ke sAtha pratispardhA ke kAraNa prabhAvita evaM pariSkRta hotI rahI hai| zramaNadhArA ke zrAdya saMsthApaka tIrthaMkara RSadeva the jo prathama tIrthaMkara the / ukta zramaNadhArA ke aMtima unnAyaka caubIsaveM tIrthaMkara bhagavAn mahAvIra the| mahAbIra ke bAda bauddha, cArvAka, nyAya, zeSika, sAMkhya, yoga, mImAMsaka Adi matoM ke saMsthApaka prAcArya hae / unakA kAla mahAvIra ke pazcAt kA ullikhita hai 11 prakRta meM zramaNadhArA ke maulika vizuddharUpa digambara jainadargana se sambaddha 'grAcArya amRtacandra ke vyaktitva evaM katatva' kA anuzIlana, zodha va khoja prastuta kI jA rahI hai. ata: zramaNadhArA ke itihAsa va darzana para saMkSepa meM dRSTipAta karanA samucita hai| zramaNa saMskRti kA prArambha prAdi tIrthaMkara bhagavAna RSabhadeva se hotA hai / ve zramaNa saMskRni athavA jainadharma ke prAdya-saMsthApaka the / yaha 1. cainendra siddhAna koSa bhAga 4, pR. 4.0 2. prAptaparIkSA, prAkkasana pR. 1 3. saMskRta sAhitya kA itihAsa, DA. baladeva upAdhya pR. 6.. se 672 tk| ( six )

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bAta jaina tathA jenetara sAhitya, itihAsa evaM purAtatva ke AdhAra para bhalIbhAMti pramANita ho cukI hai| jainadharma ke sambandha meM pracalita aneka bhrAMtiyoM kA nirAkaraNa aba ho cukA hai tathA yaha tathya bhI aba niSpakSa vidvAnoM dvArA svIkAra kiyA jAne lagA hai ki jainadharma yA zramaNa saMskRti sanAtana, svataMtra, maulika tathA mUlata: adhyAtmavAdI darzana hai / yaha kisI darzana yA saMskRti kI zAkhA nahIM hai / siddhAMtAcArya paM kailAzacandra zAstrI likhate haiM ki eka samaya thA jaba jainadharma ko bauddhadharma kI zAkhA samajha liyA gayA thA, kintu aba vaha bhrAMti dUra ho gaI tathA naI khojoM ke phalasvarUpa yaha pramANita ho cukA hai ki jainadharma bauddhadharma se na kevala pRthaka aura svataMtra dharma hai kintu usase bahuta prAcIna bhI hai| aba aMtima tIrthakara bhagavAn mahAvIra ko jainadharma kA saMsthApaka nahIM mAnA jAtA aura unase aDhAI sau varSa pahale hone vAle bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ko eka aitihAsika mahApuruSa svIkAra kara liyA gayA hai / isake pazcAt kucha vizvavikhyAta mUrdhanya vidvAnoM ne pArzvanAtha ko bhI jainadharma kA saMsthApaka nahIM mAnA tathA prathama tIrthakara RSadeva ko hI jainadharma yA zramaNadhArA kA mulapraNetA mAnA hai / ina meM DA. harmana yAkobI, DaoN. rAdhAkRSNana, DaoN. phUharara tathA visenTa smitha ke nAma ullekhanIya haiM / DaoN yAkobI kA grabhiAta hai ki isa bAta kA koI pramANa nahIM hai ki pArzvanAtha jainadharma ke saMsthApaka the| jaina paramparA tIrthakara RSabhadeva ko jainadharma kA saMsthApaka mAnane meM ekamata hai / isa mAnyatA meM aitihAsika tathya ko saMbhAvanA hai / isI saMdarbha meM DaoN. rAdhAkRSNan ke vicAra tathya prakAzaka evaM mahattvapUrNa hai| ve likhate haiM ki jaina paramparA RSabhadeva me apane dharma kI utpatti hone kA kathana karatI hai, jo bahuta zatAbdiyoM pUrva hue haiM / isa bAta kA pramANa upalabdha hai ki **There is nothing to prove that parshya was the founder of Jainisni, Jain irudition is unanimous in making Rishabha, the first Tirthankars (as its founder), There may be something historical in lite tradition which makes him the first Tirthankara. (INDIAN ANTIQUBRY VOL, IX. P. 163.) jaina dharma paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI pR0 1 vahI, pR0 9 2. ( xx )

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svIparva prathama zatAbdI meM prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva kI pUjA hotI thii| sameM saMdeha nahIM hai ki jaina dharma vardhamAna aura pArzvanAtha se bhI pahale malita thaa| yajurveda meM RSabhadeva, ajitanAtha aura ariSTanemi ina tIna tIrthakaroM ke nAmoM kA nirdeza hai| bhAgavat purANa bhI isa bAta kA samarthana karatA hai ki RSabhadeva jainadharma ke saMsthApaka the| isa viSaya meM aitihAsika pramANa bhI upalabdha hote haiM / ina meM zilAlekha mukhya haiN| DaoN. harara ko mathurA ke kaMkAlI nAmaka Tole kI khadA meM jo jaina zilAlekha sApta hA', ve karIba do hajAra varSa prAcIna haiN| una para inDosithiyana rAjA kaniSka, huviSka aura vAsudeva kA samvat hai| usameM bhagavAna RSabhadeva kI pUjA ke lie dAna dene kA ullekha hai / itihAsakAra bimenTa e. smitha kA kahanA hai ki mathurA meM prApta sAmagrI likhita jaina paramparA ke sambandha meM vistRta prakAza DAlatI hai / vaha jaina dharma kI prAcInana ke viSaya meM akATya pramANa upasthita karatI hai tathA yaha bhI batalAtI hai ki prAcIna samaya meM bhI baha apane isI rUpa meM maujUda thaa| IsvI san ke prArambha meM bhI apane vizeSa cihnoM ke sAtha caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI mAnyatA meM dRr3ha vizvAsa thA / isa taraha yaha bAta pramANita hotI hai 1. "There is evidence to show that so far back as the first century B, C., there were people who worshipping Rishabhadeva, the first Tirthankara. There is no doubt that Jainism prevailed even before Vardhamana or purshyanath The Yajurveda mentions the banks of theree Tirthankaras - Rishabha, Ajitnath and Aristanemi. The Bhagavata Puran endorses the view that Rishabha was The founder of Jainim.' (INDIAN PHILOSOPHY VOL/PAGE 287) jaina dharma pa. 3 "The discoveries have to a very large extent suppled Coroboration to the written Jain tradition and they offer tangible incontroverible proof of the antiquity of the Jain Religion and of its early existence very much in its present fom. The scries of twenty four poatiffs (Tirthankaras), cach with bis distinctive cmblem, was evident firmly believed in at the beginning of the christan era. (THE JAIN STUPA-MADHUARA INSRD. PRGE 6) ( xxi )

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ki zramaNadhArA ke prAdyapravartaka prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva the tathA pazcAdavartI caubIsaveM tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra taka sabhI tIrthaMkara zramaNadhArA ke unnAyaka, sampoSaka, samvarddhaka evaM samprasAraka the / tIrthaMkaroM kI ukta dhamaNadhArA meM sAtatattva, navapadArtha paMcAstikAya SaDvya, ratnatraya, anekAnta-syAdvAda, naya-pramANa. nizcaya-vyavahAra, nimitta-upAdAna, kartA-karma, kAraNa-kArya, puNya-pApa, dravya-guNa-paryAya ityAdi dArzanika tatvoM kI gaMbhIra vivecanA kI gaI hai / uparokta tattvoM ke parijJAnapUrvaka samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritra rupa trayAtmaka mArga dvArA paramakalyANa svarUpa mukti kI prApti hotI hai| ukta utkRSTa sukha kI prApti kA hI lakSya pratyeka prAtmahitaiSI kA honA cAhiye / prAtmahitaiSI janoM taka tIrthaMkaroM kI ukta paramakalyANI vANI ko pahuMcAte rahana kA kArya prAcArya paramparA dvArA hI sampanna hotA rahA hai / mAcArya paramparA se prApta maukhika jJAna ko lipibaddha karake use sthAyitva pradAna karanA, sUtragata bhAgoM kA vizada spaSTIkaraNa karane hetu TIkAnoM, bhASyoM tathA maulika graMthoM kI racanA karanA tathA tatvajJAna evaM siddhAMtoM kA pracAra prasAra karanA prAcArya-paramparA kA viziSTa kArya rahA hai / jainAcAryoM yA cita kAla kAya vistata jamA bhIra hai| ise pAgama bhASA meM zruta jJAna kahA jAtA hai| ukta samagra zrutajJAna ko prAcAryoM ne prathamAnuyoga, karaNAnuyoga, caraNAnuyoga tathA dravyAnuyoga ina cAra anuyogoM ke dvArA paripuSTa, prakaTita evaM prasArita kiyA hai| yadyapi ina cAroM anuyogoM kA mUlasrota adhyAtma hI rahA hai, tathApi dravyAnuyoga viSayaka sAhitya meM adhyAtma-nirUpaNa kA bAhulya hai / aise adhyAtmabahula vAGamaya kI sRSTi AcAryoM ne bar3I kuzalatA, vidvatA tathA prAtmAnubhava pracuratA ke sAtha ko hai 1 DaoN. ravIndra jaina ke zabda ukta tathya ke prakAzaka haiN| ve likhate haiM ki 1. paMcAstikAyApadandha - prakAreNa prarUpaNam / pUrva mulapadArthAnAmiha sUtrakRtA kRtam / / 4 / jIvAjIvadiparyAyarUpANAM citravarmanAm / tato navapadArthAnAM vyavasthA pratipAditA / / 5 / / tanastatvaparijAnapUrvesa gitayAtmanA / proktA mArgeza kalyANI mokSaprAptirapapicamA / / 6 // . -paMcAstikAya, samayalyAkhyA (xxii )

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janAcAryoM ne adhyAtma mUlaka grathoM kA mRjana bar3I dRr3hatA, maulikatA evaM zAnabhava ke sAtha kiyA hai / jaina adhyAtma kI paramparA sahasroM varSa prAcIna hai| jaina sAhitya ke kSetra meM kundakundAcArya. umAsvAmI. pUjyapAda, yogIndu maNabhadrAcArya, amRtacandra, zubhacandra. muni rAmasiMha, aura paM. rAjamalajIgrAdi banArasIdAsa jI ke pUrvavartI. yadhyAtma ke prabhAvazAlI evaM adhikArI kavi ho gaye haiN| uktasahasavarSIya adhyAtma paramparA meM prAcArya amRtacandra kA viziSTa evaM mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| prAcArya kundakunda ne adhyAtma kA jo cIja boyA. use panlavita, puSpita tathA phalita karane kA zreya yAcArya amRtacandra ko hI hai / yadyapi pUjyapAda, yogIndu guNabhadra Adi prAcAryoM kI prAdhyAtmika racanAoM dvArA grAcArya kundakunda dvArA pratipAdita adhyAtma evaM darzana kA pracAra-prasAra evaM poSaNa hunA, tathApi prAcArya amRtacandra dvArA jisa yApakatA, spaSTatA evaM gaMbhIratA ke sAtha adhyAtma kA pracAra-prasAra huzrA, vasA sahasravarSIya pUrvAcArya paramparA meM saMbhavataH nahIM harA hai, yAtrArya amRta candra ne apane paripUrNa samarpita, adhyAtma rasa se otaprota, asAdhAraNa vyaktitva dvArA ukta adhyAtma evaM tattvajJAna kA vyApaka pracAra-prasAra to kiyA hI hai, sAtha hI use vikasita. pariSkRta paripuSTa evaM samRddha karane meM abhutapUrva saphalatA prApta kI hai| unake dvArA pravAhita adhyAtmasabAha ne unake paravartI prAcAryo, vidvAnoM evaM adhyAtmarasikoM kI hajAra varSIya paramparA ko prabhAvita evaM udvelita kiyA hai / saMkar3oM rasika, prAcArya amRtacandra kI adhyAtmagaMgA meM avagAhana karane ko utsuka ho uThe, aneka vidvAnoM ko kalameM amRtacandra dvArA pradarzita mArga ko citrita karane ke lie uTha gaIM tathA hajAroM bhavyAtmAeM zuddhAtmatatva ke prakAza meM nijAtmatattva ko nihArane meM saMlagna ho gii| isa sambandha meM paM. kalAjacandra zAstrI ke zabda ukta tathya ke pramANIkaraNa hetu paryApta haiM / ve likhate haiM : - aisA pratIta hotA hai ki kundakunda ke graMthoM para jana AcArya amRtacandra kI TIkAnoM ne adhyAtma kI triveNI pravAhita kara dI, to usameM avagAhana kara ke apanA aura dUsaroM kA tApa miTAne ke lie aneka graMthakAra utsuka ho uThe / prAcArya vRndakunda ke adhyAtma meM prAcArya pUjyapAda kA dhyAna AkRSTa kiyA aura unhoMne samAdhitaMtra tathA iSTopadeza jaise sundara, manohAra prakaraNa pratha - - 1. kavivara banArasadAsajI : jIvanI aura kRtitva pR0 161 (xxiii )

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race the, kintu usa samaya ke bhArata ke dArzanika kSetra meM hone vAlI uthalaputhala ne jaina dharma dArzanikoM kA bhI dhyAna apanI ora AkRSTa kara liyA thA, phalataH jaina dharma ke bar3e bar3e natha race gye| guptarAjAoM kA kAla bhAratIya darzana kI samRddhi kA kAla thaa| isa kAla meM sabhI kSetroM meM prakhyAta dArzanika hue / aura unhoMne apanI racanAoM se bhAratIya mAhitya ke bhaNDAra ko samRddha / kiyA / idhara dasavIM zatAbdI meM amRtacandra kI TIkAtroM kI racanA hone para rAmamena ne "tattvAnuzAsana", namicandra ne "dravyasaMgraha", amitagati prathama ne "yogasAra prAbhUta", padmaprabhamalaghArIdeva ne apanI TIkAyeM, padmanaMdi ne 'padmanaMdipaMcaviMzatikA" kI racanA kI / isake pazcAt hI mAilla ghavala ne nayacakra graMtha rcaa| unhoMne usameM mayoM ke vivecana ke sAtha adhyAtma kA vivecana kiyaa|' ukta vidvAna lekhaka ne prAcArya amRtacandra ko jaina adhyAtma kA mUrdhanyamaNi bhI nirUpita kiyA hai| isa tarahamAratIya saMskRta vAGmaya ko susamRddha karane vAle, vizeSataH jainazramaNa paramparA ke adhyAtma ba tatvajJAna viSayaka sAhitya ko samRddha, paripuSTa tathA vyApaka banAne vAle prAcArya amRtacandra kA vyaktitva vizAla evaM asAdhAraNa hai / unakA kartRtva apratima tathA mahAn hai| unake vyaktitva tathA graMthoM para adyAvadhi vistRta adhyayana nahIM hayA thA jisakI atyadhika AvazyakatA thii| isI dRSTi se hamane yaha choTA sA prayAsa kiyA hai jisake dvArA AcArya amRtacandra aura unake prathoM para zoSapUrNa prakAza DAlA gayA hai| unake samagra vyaktitva evaM kartRtva kA vyavasthita prAkalana evaM mUlyAMkana prAgAmI adhyAyoM meM prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai / 1. jaM. mA. kA itihAsa (paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI) pR. 176 2. zrI kundakundAcArya kA jIvana paricaya-saMgrAhaka ba. davAcanda, pa. 6 se 1 taka ( Axiv )

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saMketa sUcI anya sambandhI :1. artha ka. arghakathAnaka 2. ma. zrA. amitagati zrAvakAcAra 3. prA. TIkA AtmakhyAti TIkA 4. ka. prA. tA. 5. ma. su. kanna prAMtIya tAr3a patrIya graMtha sUcI 5. ke. saM.prA. pA. li. keTalAga saMskRta-prAkRta pANDulipi ji. pra. ra. ko jina pravacana ratna koza je. prA. iti. janadharma kA prAcIna itihAsa 8. jai. sA vR. iti. jaina sAhitya kA vRddha itihAsa, bhAga 4 8. jai si. ko. janendra siddhAMta koza 10. jai. si. pra. jaina siddhAMta pravezikA 11. ta.pra.TI. tatva pradIpikA TIkA 12. tI. ma. u. prA. pa. tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI prAcArya paramparA 13. paMcA. pra. pR. paMcAdhyAyI prastAvanA pRSTha 14. pu. si. puruSArthasiddha yupAya 15. pra. ka. mArtaNDa prameya kamala mArtaNDa 16. bhA. saM. meM jai. yo. bhAratIya saMskRti meM jaina dharma kA yogadAna 17. ra. ka. zrA. ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra 18. rA. ke. je. zA. bha. kI sUcI rAjasthAna ke jaina zAstra bhaNDAroM kI sUcI ( xxv )

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16. 20. 21. 22. 1. prakAzana sambandhI : d I. wN hw 4. jaM. pa. maM. 5. je. pra. kA. jai. gha. pra. kA. 7. jai. kA. ku. mAlA 8. jaM. hi. kA. vi. je. gra. u. kA. 6. PS. 10. 11. 12. rA. ke. je. saMvya. kR. la. ta. spho. 13. 14. vR. sva. stotra samayasAra sa. da. TI. 15. 16. 17. 18. {2. ku. ku. ka. dra. ke. yuni. presa ca. di. je. maM. di. jai. gra. mA. di. jaM. pu. di. jai. mu. maM. di. jaM. sa. di. je. svA. maM. TrasTa dI. se. jI. pa. hA. ni je. gra. mA. ne. ma.pra pA pA. di. je. pra. mA. bra. du. je. pra. mA. rAjasthAna ke jaina saMta vyaktitva evaM kRtitva laghu tatva sphoTa vRhad svayaMbhU stotra samayasAra sapta dazAMgI TokA kundakunda kahAna TrasTa, bambaI kembrija yUnivarsiTI presa, laMdana candraprabha digambara jaina maMdira, kaTanI jaina adhyAtma maMDala, murAdAbAda jaina graMtha kAryAlaya, bambaI jaina dharma prakAzana kAryAlaya, iMdaura jana vAG maya kusumamAlA, usmAnAbAda jaina hitaiSI kAryAlaya, bambaI digambara jaina graMtha uddhAraka, kAryAlaya digambara jaina graMthamAlA, banArasa / bhiNDa digambara jaina pustakAlaya, sUrata digambara jaina mumukSu maMDala, bambaI digambara jaina samAja digambara jaina svAdhyAya maMdira TrasTa, sonagar3ha dI senTrala jaina pabliziMga hAUsa, lakhanaU prArA nijAnaMda jaina graMthamAlA, sahAranapura nemacanda mahAvIra prasAda pANDyA, kalakattA pArzvanAtha digambara gaMthamAlA, mAroTha brahmacArI dulIcanda jaina granthamAlA, sonagar3ha ( xxvi )

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ko bhA. jI. si.pra. saM. bhAratavarSIya jaina siddhAMta pracAriNI saMsthA kalakattA 21. bhA. va. gai. sA. maM. bhAratavarSIya varNI jaina sAhitya maNDala . mujaphpharanagara 22. bhA. jJA. pI. bhAratIya jJAnapITha, banArasa. dillI 23. ma. jJAna. sa. mahAvIra jJAnopAsanA samiti, kAraMjA 24. mU ki. kA. mUlacanda kizanadAsa kApar3iyA, sUrata 25. rA. e. so. rAyala esiyATika sosAiTI, bambaI 26. rA. na. pa. pra. maM. rAyacandra graMthamAlA paramadhuta prabhAvaka maMDala, agAsa 27. rA. ja. zA. mA. rAyacandra jaina zAstra mAlA, agAsa 28. rA. ja. sa. rAjasthAna jIna sabhA, jayapura 26. sa. di, jai. pra. mAlA lakSmIsena bhaTTAraka digambara jaina graMthamAlA, kolhApura 20. varNI gra. mA varNI granthamAlA, banArasa 3.. vapa lA. varSamAna pablika lAyannerI, dillI 31. bI. sa. sA. pra.. vItarAga satsAhitya prasAraka TresTa, bhAvanagara 33. zA. vI di. jai. saM. zAMtivIra digambara jaina saMsthAna, mahAvIrajI 34. zA. vI. je. si. pra. saM. zAMtivIra digambara jaina siddhAMta prakAzinI saMsthA 35. sa. pa. mA. samtI grantha mAlA, dillI 36. sa. jai, graM. mA. sanAtana jaina granthamAlA, kalakattA 37. sa. jJA. pra. maM. sanmati jJAna prakAzaka maNDala, solApura 38. sa. zA. mA. sahajAnaMda varNI zAstramAlA, meraTha 36. svA. prA. mA. svAdhIna grantha mAlA, sAgara 40. zru. bhA. ga. pra. sa. zruta bhANDAra grantha prakAzana samiti, phalaTana ( xxvii )

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vibhinna : IsvI san kramAMka 2. gAthA TIkA 4. 5. TI. DA. DAkTara digambara jaina paNDita pustaka pRSTha 10. pra. pR. 11. prastA. 12. pro. 13. vi. 14. vi. saM. 15. bI. ni. saM. 16. ve. kra. 17. de. naM. 18. vR. prastAvanA pRSTha prastAvanA prophesara vikrama vikrama samvat vIra nirvANa saMvat veSThana kramAMka veSThana nambara

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viSaya-sUcI prathama adhyAya pUrvakAlIna paristhitiyAM 1-31 pUrvakAlIna dhArmika paristhiyA~ 1, parvakAlIna sAhityika paristhitiyA~ 16, pUrvakAlIna rAjanAtika paristhitiyA~ 25 dvitIya adhyAya jIvana paricaya 32-77 samaya 32, jIvana paricaya 44, alaukika jovana paricaya 46 laukika jIvana paricaya 53, pada evaM vyaktitva 57, kula 56, dravir3a saMgha 60, punATa saMgha 60. kASThA saMgha 61, naMdi saMgha 67 prAcArya paramparA meM sthAna 66 tRtIya adhyAya vyaktitva tathA prabhAva 78-166 nATakakAra 76, kAvyakAra 86, gadya kAvyakAra 11, padya kAvyakAra 100, campU kAvyakAra 110 vyAkhyAkAra 115, tArkika tathA naiyAyika 133, bhASAvid 146, siddhAntajJa 151. vyAkaraNajJa 158, adhyAtma rasika 162 prabhAva 166 caturtha adhyAya kRtiyA~ 218-384 puruSArthasiddha yupAya 216, AtmakhyAti TIkA 246, tattvapradIpikA vRtti 282, samaya vyAkhyA 306, samayasAra kalaza 328, tattvArthasAra 353, laghutattvasphoTa 361

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paMcama adhyAya sAhityika mUlyAMkana 365-426 bhASA 385, zailI 364, alaMkAra 405, chaMda, rasa, guNa 425 SaSTha adhyAya dArzanika vicAra 427-484 nizcaya vyavahAra 428, anekAnta-syAdvAda 452 nimitta-upAdAna 470, kartA-karma Adi 483 saptama adhyAya dhAmika vicAra 485-504 muni prAcAra, 485 zrAvakAcAra 466 aSTama adhyAya upasaMhAra vaiziSTya 505, yogadAna 507, dena 506 saMdarbha graMtha sUcI 511-527 zoSopayogI sAmagro prApti meM sahayogI graMthAlayoM kI sUco 528

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ars. sva0 zrI zAMtilAla ka stara canda jovAliyA kA paricaya apane prayAsa evaM buddhibala se apane bhAgya kA nirmANa karane vAle svargIya zrI zAMtilAla kasturacanda jovAliyA mahAnagara bambaI ke lohA bAjAra meM eka kuzala evaM prasiddha vyApArI ke rupa meM pratiSThita the / apanI gagabhUmi nAgA baM: iCE paristhitiyoM kA sAmanA karate hue pApa pratiSThA ke eka aise sthAna para pahuMce jahAM taka sabhI ko pahuMcanA saMbhava nahIM hotaa| unake kArya evaM prayAsa yuvA varga ko preraNAspada the / vyApArika kuzalatA ke sAtha ho unakI bhAvanA samAjasevA kI bhI thii| Apake suputra zrI manasukhabhAI, zrI jayaMtIbhAI tathA zrI kanhaiyAlAla unake suyogya uttarAdhikArI sAbita hue haiN| ve apane pitAjI ke samAna hI jAti, samAja. dharma tathA dezahita meM dAna dete rahate haiM / unhoMna surendranagara meM eka aspatAla ke nirmANArtha 51 hajAra rupaye pradAna kie the / sonagar3ha meM bhI mumukSutroM ke lAbhArtha nirmita "zrI kAnajI svAmI digambara jaina vizrAMtigaha' ke nirmANa meM bhI tana, mana tathA dhana se sahayoga kiyA thaa| unakI mavAyeM cirammaNIya rheNgii| unake dehAvasAna ke bAda unake parivArajanoM kI prora se nAganeza (sorASTra meM eka hAIskUla nirmANArtha eka acchI dAna rAzi pradAna kI gaI tathA mahArASTra meM devalAlI meM nirmANAdhIna zrI kAnajI svAmI smAraka TrasTa hetu eka bar3I rAzi dAna dI gaI hai| aisa sevA bhAvI, udAramanA sva0 zrI zAMtilAlajI kA prAtmA jahA~ bhI ho, vahA~ samyagdarzana pAkara prAtmakalyANa kare aisI sadbhAvanA karate haiN|

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prathama adhyAya pUrvakAlIna paristhitiyA~ manuSya sAmAjika prANI hai| samAja binA mAnava jIvana kA sarvAGgINa vikAsa saMbhava nahIM hai| vana vihArI, ekala bihArI munirAjoM AcAryo Adi ko bhI yadAkadA grAmoM, nagaroM tathA mAnava-samAja ke bIca AnA par3atA hai| bhale hI ve jagajjanoM ko karuNAbuddhi se AtmakalyANa kA upadeza dene prAva athavA svayaM ke prAhAra-pAnI ke asahya vikalpa ko miTAne ke lie prAveM, parantu unakA samparka kucha kAla ke lie vibhinna prakAra kI samAjoM se avazya hotA hI hai| samAja ke vartamAna bAtAvaraNa evaM paristhitiyoM ke nirmANa meM pUrvakAlIna paramparAgoM, mAnyatAoM, aura paristhitiyoM kA asara avazya pAyA jAtA hai| ukta pUrvakAlona va samakAlIna samAjoM ke vAtAvaraNa kA prabhAva sAhityakAroM ke vyaktitva evaM kartRtva meM pratyakSa yA parokSa rUpa se avazya hotA hai| pratibhAzAlI sAhityakAra apane yuga kI pUrvavartI yA samavartI paristhitiyoM se jahAM eka aura prabhAvita hote haiM, vahIM dUsarI ora ve tatkAlIna yuga ko bhI apane vyaktitva aura kartRtva se prabhAvita tathA anuprANita bhI karate haiM / ataH kisI bhI sAhityakAra ke vyaktitva evaM kartatva ke adhyayana aura malyAMkana hetu usakI pUrvakAlIna tathA samakAlIna paristhitiyoM aura vicAradhArAoM kA siMhAvalokana kiyA jAnA mahattvapUrNa hI nahIM, apitu Avazyaka bhI hai / prakRta meM AcArya amRtavandra kI pUrvakAlIna paristhitiyoM kA Akalana tIna prakAra se kiyA jA rahA hai| ve tIna prakAra haiM dhArmika, sAhityika aura rAjanItika paristhitiyAM / inameM sarvaprathama dhArmika paristhitiyoM kA Akalana karate haiN| pUrvakAlIna dhArmika paristhitiyA~ dharma AcAroM se aura darzana vicAroM se sambanvita hotA hai| AcaraNa kI AdhArazilA vicAra hI haiM, ata: dharma aura darzana athavA AcAra aura vicAra donoM meM paraspara ghaniSTa sambandha hai| bhArata dhArmika prAcAroM aura vicAroM ke lie vizvavikhyAta hai 1 bhArata

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[ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva kI samasta vicAradhArAoM aura AcaraNoM ko mukhyataH do dhArAoM meM samAhita kiyA jAtA hai| inameM prathama hai zramaNavArA aura dvitIya hai shrmnnetrghaaraa| zramaNetaradhArA meM nyAya, baizeSika, sAMkhya, yoga. mImAMsA tathA vedAMta ye SaDadarzana aura cAvoka.. muslima Adi mata gabhita haiM / antima tIrthaGkara bhagavAna mahAvIra ke AvirbhAva ke samaya zramaNetaraghAga meM prAyaH vedokta kriyAkANDa, dhArmika prAcAra-vicAroM kA prAbalya thaa| cAroM aura hiMsA asatya, zoSaNa, anAcAra, mAMsAhAra, surApAna, yatakIr3A, nArI mAtra para atyAcAra Adi kA bolabAlA thaa| yAjJika kriyAkANDoM tathA dharma ke nAma para mAnava apanI vikRtiyoM kA dAsa banA hunA thA / vaiyaktika svatantratA samApta ho cukI thii| mAnavIya adhikAra dharmaguruoM kI nAnAzAhI ke zikAra bana cuke the| mAnavatA karAha rahI thii| nirIha pazuoM kA nirmamatA pUrvaka vadha kiyA jAtA thaa| pazumegha tathA naramegha yajJoM meM pazuoM aura manuSyoM kI holI manAI jAtI thii| agnikuNDoM se cItkAra kI dhvani karNagocara hotI thii| mAnava kI antazcetanA mUdita ho cukI thI / dharma aura darzana ke kSetra meM pUrNatayA arAjakatA vidyamAna thii| sarbodaya kA sthAna vargodaya ne le liyA thaa| upayukta dhArmika arAjakatA ke viSamakAla meM tIrthaGkara mahAvIra ne krAMni ko sUtradhAra ke rUpa meM karuNA aura ahiMsA kA zaMkhanAda phukaa| usa samaya yajJAdika kA bahuta jora thA aura yajJoM meM pazubalidAna bahutAyana ge hotA thA / becAre mUkapazu dharma ke nAma para balidAna kara diye jAte the aura ina kRtyoM ko dharma kI saMjJA de dI jAtI thI / karuNAsAgara mahAvIra ke kAnoM taka bhI una mUka pazuoM kI cItkAra pahuMcI aura rAjaputra mahAvIra kA hRdaya unakI rakSA ke lie tar3apa utthaa| dharma ke nAma para kiye jAne vAle kisI bhI kRtya kA virodha kitanA duSkara hai yaha batalAne kI AvazyakatA nhiiN| kintu mahAvIra to mahAvIra hI the| unhoMne tIrthaGkaroM ko yoma aura adhyAtma kI vilupta dhArA ko pariSkRta evaM punarujjIvita kiyA, pravAhita aura sambaddhita kiyaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA prasArita adhyAtma aura ahiMsAmayI AcAra-vicAroM kA amarotara dharma tathA darzanoM para vyApaka prabhAva pdd'aa| isa prakAra adhyAtma ke unnayana aura samAja ke jAgaraNa kA yuga prArambha huaaa| rUr3hivAditA, ajJAnatA, 1. tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI yAtrArya paramparA, bhAga-1, pRSTha 72-73 2. jainadharma : paNDita kailAzacandra zAstrI, pathTa 19

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pUrvakAlIna paristhitiyoM ] mAra pAkhaNDa aura hipa" kRmaza: palAyana karane lage tathA kA AnamayI, kalyANadAyinI dharmadhArA pravAhita hone lagI / vedokta kANDoM kA sthAna vedAMta tathA upaniSadoM meM varNita adhyAtmadarzana ne le liyA / bhaktidhArA kA zaithilya aura jJAnadhArA kA prAbalya huA / zraddhA, atyAcAra tathA tathyahIna kriyAkANDoM ke bojha se saMtrasta AtmAoM ne rAhata kI sAMsa lii| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke yuga se lekara zatAbdiyoM taka ukta rAhata kA kAla calatA rhaa| pazcAt vibhinna darzanoM meM apane-apane mata tathA vicAroM ke pracAra kI hor3a prArambha ho gii| bicAra bhinya ke kAraNa pratyeka darzana meM zAkhAeM-prazAkhAe~ prAdurbhUta huI / bhagavAn mahAvIra ke anuvartI bauddha sampradAya ke saMsthApaka bhagavAn buddha ke pazcAt bauddhadarzana meM sattA ke siddhAMta ke viSaya meM matabheda hone se ukta darzana cAra sampradAyoM meM baTa gyaa| ve cAra sampradAya haiM vaibhASika, sautrAntika, yogAcAra aura mAdhyamika / vaibhASika logoM ke anusAra jagat ke samasta padArtha sacce mAne gye| isa mata kA dUsarA nAma "sarvAstivAda" bhI hai| sarvAstivAdIjanoM kI ukta mAnyatA kA AdhAra pratyakSa rUpa thaa| sautrAMtika sampradAya bhI jagat ke samasta padArthoM ko mata to mAnatA hai parantu ukta mAnyatA kA AdhAra ve pratyakSa ko nahIM apitu anumAna ko mAnate haiN| tIsarA sampradAya yogAcAra. eka mAtra citta ko hI satya mAnatA hai| citta kA dUsarA nAma vijJAna bhI hai, ataH isa mata kA dUsarA nAma "vijJAnavAda" bhI hai| caturtha sampradAya hai mAdhyamikoM kA, jo jagat ke samasta padArthoM ko satya na mAnakara zUnyarUpa mAnatA hai isalie ise zUnyavAda bhI kahate haiM / zUnyavAdiyoM meM prAcArya nAgArjuna ( tRtIya zataka IsvI), prAryadeva (tRtIya zataka I0,) sthavira, buddhighAlita (paMcama zataka I0), bhAvaviveka na candrakIti (saptama zataka I.) tathA zAMtarakSita (aSTama zataka I.) Adi AcArya bauddha darzana meM vizeSa vikhyAta haiN| ina sabhI ne apane-apane vicAroM ke pracAra hetu dhAmika-dAnika spardhA meM bhAga liyaa| . dUsarI ora tyAya darzana ne pramANa, prameya, dRSTAnta, siddhAnta taka Adi 16 padArthoM kA nirUpaNa, prarUpaNa evaM pracAra joroM ke sAtha 1. saMskRta sAhitya kA itihAsa, DaoN baladeva upAdhyAya, pR0 658.656 2. tarkabhASA, maiM zamizracita, narahasyadapikA.hi.TI., grA. vizvezvara siM.za.,pR.8

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4 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva kiyA / nyAyadarzana ne jahAM apanI ukta 16 bAtoM ke nirUpaNa va pracAra meM tarka-nyAya tathA jJAnadhArA ko pratiSThita kiyA, vahIM jAne ukta 16 padArthoM meM anumAna nirUpaNa meM "vedikA hiMsA" kA ucita ThaharAyA aura yajJoM meM hone vAlI pazuhiMsA ko niSeSa yogya nahIM mAnA / ise usane sAdhana-avyApakatva khaa|' isI taraha vitaNDArA svapakSa: siddhi kI AvazyakatA kA niSedha aura ekamAtra paramata kA khaNDana karanA,yA nase dUSaNa lagAnA mAtra prayojana btaayaa| kula nirUpaNa dvArA prakRta meM prayukta yathArtha abhiprAya grahaNa na karake, anyathA kalpanA karake doSa denaa| ucita ThaharAyA tathA jAti va nigrahasthAna nirUpaNa dvArA kramazaH asat { jhUTha ) uttara denA, va kisI prakAra kI hInatA batAkara aparapakSa ko parAjina karane ko nyAyamata ne nyAyocita ThaharAyA / isa mata ke pramukha vidvAnoM meM sUtrakAra vAtsyAyana (dvitIya zataka vikrama ) udyotakara (SaSThama zataka vikrama), bAcaspati mizra (navama zataka vikrama). AcArya udayana (dazama zataka vikrama), gaMgeza upAdhyAya (bArahavIM zatI) Adi ullekhanIya haiN| nyAyamata ke atirikta isa dhArmika spardhA meM vaizeSika, sAMkhya, yoga, mImAMsA tathA vedAMta matoM ke gharandhara AcAryoM va vidvAnoM ne bhI yathAzakti bhAga liyA / upaniSadoM kA tattvanirUpaNa rahasyapUrNa thaa| unameM eka sarvazaktimAna adRzya brahma (paramAtmA) kI sattA kI ghoSaNAeM prAraMbha kI gii| kintu 'brahma' kA svarUpa rahasyamayI, atyaMtagUr3ha aura vacana agocara hI btaayaa| kaThopaniSad meM bAjadhavas ke putra naciketA kA kathAnaka hai, jisameM naciketA mRtyu ke AcArya se mRtyu tathA Atmatattva ke viSaya meM samajhanA cAhatA hai, taba mRtyu ke prAcArya atyanta Azcarya cakita hokara kahate haiM ki isa viSaya meM aNumAtra bhI jAnane yogya nahIM hai| isalie tuma koI anya varadAna mAMga lo| maiM tumheM putra pautrAdi, vipula saMpatti aura laukika aizvarya dene ko taiyAra huuN| paramAtmatatva atyanta gUr3ha hai, 1. "yajJIapazuhiMsAmA niSiddhatvAbhAvAta / " taka bhASA-kezavanitha, pRSTha 13 2 vahI, pRSTha 244 3. vahI, pRSTha 256 se 262

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[ 5 pUrvakAlIna paristhitiyAM / nirUpaNa saMbhava nahIM haiN|' itanA hI nahIM usa para vicAra karane kI jarUrata nahIM samajhI gii| jamA ki vRhadAraNyaka upaniSada ke se spaSTa hai ki jahAM pratyeka vastu vastutaH svayaM AtmA ho bana gaI hai vo kauna kisakA vicAra kre| kadAcit nirUpaNa kiyA bhI gayA to DAkI rahasyamaya hI rahA / upaniSadoM meM usakA varNana nakArAtmaka rUpa meM kiyA gayA yathA brahma yaha nahIM yaha nahIM ...' deti - neti"| anabhava kA to vaha viSaya hai hI nhiiN| use avyakta, acintya, avikArya, Adi batAyA gayA hai| vaha na sat hai aura na hI asat hai / use prayukta paraspara virodhI vizeSaNa yaha sUcita karate haiM ki usa para anubhavagamya dhAraNAeM lAgU nahIM kI jA sktii| isa prakAra eka aura tarka pIra anubhava ko mahatvahIna batAyA gayA to dUsarI ora unako hI AdhArabhUta banAkara vibhinna darzanoM tathA dharmoM meM apane-apane matavistAra tathA pracAra hetu spardhAeM prArambha hii| apane pANDityapradarzana, svamatamaNDana aura paramata khaNDana hetu vAdavivAda kI bheriyAM bajane lagoM, vidvAna paraspara meM itaramata ke vidvAnoM ko 'caleMja" dene lage, grAma janasabhAoM meM vAdavivAda ke maMca lagane lage aura tatkAlIna rAjA-mahArAjA bhI ina AyojanoM meM ruci rakhane lge| bAda vivAda meM vijetA pakSa ko rAjAoM aura unako anuyAyo prajA kA samarthana prApta ho jAtA thaa| ukta samarthana pAne ke lie vibhinna matadhurINa AcAryoM, evaM vidvAnoM meM aneka prakAra ke kauzalapradarzanoM kA silasilA cala pdd'aa| ve apane uccapada, kavitvazakti, zAstrArtha, pADityapradarzana, jyotiSa, bedyaka, mantra, tantra Adi camatkAroM dvArA rAjApoM aura unake anayAyiyoM meM prabhAva sthApita karate the / AcAryagaNa rAjasabhAoM meM apane sambandha meM garvoktiyAM prakaTa karate the| ainI garboktiyoM ke aneka pramANa adyAvadhi sAhityika kRtiyoM meM vidyamAna haiM / udAharaNa ke liAha "samaMtabhadrasvAmI, jinakA samaya IsA kI dvitIya zatI hai; 1. saMskRta maMjaroM, pR. 67 ''asyadharmasyANumAnamapi na hi suvijJeyam / atastvamanya varaM yAcasva / ahaM tvAM putrapautrAn prabhUtAM sampatti lokazvarya' ca dAtu prastuto 'smi / paramAtmatattvamatigar3ha na aa yaM vaktu zakyane / " 2. bhagavadgItA, DaoN0 rAdhAkRSNan pR. 24-25 3. vIrazAsana ke prabhAdaka AcArya, prAkkathana pR 5 4. jainendra siddhAnta koza, bhAga-4 pRSTha 328

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6 ] hAra [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva digambarAcAryoM meM apanA mahattvapUrNa sthAna rakhate haiN| dharma, nyAya, vyAkaraNa, sAhitya, jyotiSa, prAyaveda, maMtra tathA tantra Adi sabhI vidyAoM meM nipuNa hone ke sAtha hI sAtha ve vAdakalA meM atyaMta paTu the / kAzInareza ke sAmane svamIsamantabhadra ne svamukha se jo apanA paricaya diyA thA, vaha mAtra garvokti nahIM, kiMtu tathokti thI / paricaya dete hue ve kahate haiM - "maiM AcArya hU~', kavi hU~, zAstrArthI hU~', paMDita hU~, jyotiSI hU~, vaidha hU~, mAMtrika hU~, tAMtrika hU~, isa sampUrNa pRthvI para mujhe bacanasiddhi hai, adhika kyA kahU~ maiM siddhasArasvata huuN|' isI prakAra eka bAra kAzInareza ke krodhita hokara pUchane para samantabhadra nirbhIka ghoSaNA karate hue kahate haiM ki rAjan Apake sAmane yaha digambara jaina vAdI khar3A hai, jisakI zakti ho mujhase zAstrArtha kara le / 2 samantabhadra ne bhasmakabyAdhi roga ke upanAmana ke pazcAt phira se nindha dIkSA dhAraNa kara lo / nirgrantha dIkSA dhAraNa kara Apane pUrvapazcima, uttara-dakSiNa sarvatra vihAra kara jinadharma ko mahimA sthApita kii| karahATaka nagara meM pahuMcane para vahAM ke rAjA dvArA pUche jAne para aApane apanA pichalA paricaya dete hue kahA-rAjan pahale maiMne pATaliputra nagara meM zAstrArtha ke lie bherI bajAI, phira mAlavA, sindha, ukka, kAMco, vidizA Adi sthAnoM meM jAkara bhero tAr3ita kii| aba bar3e-bar3e dimAja vidvAnoM se paripUrNa isa karahATaka nagara meM AyA huuN| maiM to zAstrArtha kI icchA rakhatA huprA siMha ke samAna ghUmatA phiratA huu|| dharmapracAra tayA pANDitya pradarzana kI spardhA ke kAla meM zramaNetaramatoM ke ghurandhara prAcArya tathA vidvAn isa hor3a meM saMlagna rahate the / ina dhurandhara AcAryoM meM nyAyadarzana dhurINa, nyAyasUtra ke praNetA AcArya 1. prAcAryo'haM kavirahamahaMvAdirada paNDito'haM daivajJo'bhiSagamahaM mAMtrikastAMtriko'ham / rAjannasyAM jalAdhavalayAmessanAyAmilAyA mAjAmiddhaH kimiti bahunA siddhamArasvato'ham / / svayaMbhUratotra prastAvanA,pRSTha 10 2. "rAjan yasyAsti zakiH sa vadatu purataH jananigranthavAdI / " vahIM, pRSTha 12 3. vahI, pRSTha 12

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pUrvakAlIna paristhitiyAM / hAtsyAyana (vikrama kI dvitIya sadI ), vaizeSika matAnuyAyI, pramukha AcArya maharSikaNAda ( vikrama kI tRtIya sadI pUrva )2, sAMkhyamata ke sAMkhyasUtrakAra prAcAryakapila, bRttikAra AvArya mAThara (dvitIya sadI vikrama bhASyakAra gaura ( dikA kI pAMcavI sadI ), yogadarzana ke sUtrakAra pataMjali tathA bhASyakAra vyAsa (vikrama kI tRtIya sadI)". mImAMsAmata meM bhAdRmata praNetA kumArillabhaTTa, gurumatasaMsthApaka prabhAkara mizra, murArimatapravartaka murArimizra, vedAMtamata ke prabala samarthaka, vedAMtasUtra bhASyakAra prAcAryazaMkara, bauddhamatAnuyAyI AcArya diGa nAga tathA udyota. kara, zUnyavAdI AcArya nAgArjuna (tRtIya sadI vikrama ), Arya deva (tIsarI sadI vikrama), sthavira tathA buddhipAlita ( paMcamazataka vi. ) ke nAma vizeSa ullekhanIya haiN| uparyukta sabhI prAcAryo aura vidvAnoM ne vikrama sadI ke prArambha se lekara havIM sadI taka ghAmika spardhA ke yaga ko anaprANita evaM prabhAvita kiyA / vAstava meM IsA kI 7vIM, 5vIM aura havoM zatAbdiyAM madhyakAlIna dArzanika itihAsa kI krAMtipUrNa zatAbdiyAM thiiN| inameM pratyeka darzana ne jahAM svadarzana' kI kile-bandI kI, vahAM paradarzana para vijaya pAne kA abhiyAna bhI kiyaa| ina zatAbdiyoM meM bar3e-bar3e zAstrArtha hae, udbhaTavAdiyoM ne apane pANDitya kA DiDima nAda kiyA tathA darzanaprabhAvanA aura tatvAdhyavasAya saMrakSaNa ke lie rAjAzraya prApta karane hetu bAda rope gaye / isa yaga ke granthoM meM svasiddhAMta pratipAdana kI apekSA parapakSa khaMDana kA bhAga hI pramukha rUpa se rahA hai| iso yaga meM mahAvAdI bhaTTAkalaka ne jaina nyAya ke abhedya durga kA nirmANa kiyA thaa| unakI yazogAthA zilAlekhoM aura anya kAroM ke ullekhoM meM bikharI par3I hai| prAcArya bhaTTAkalaMka ne pramukhataH bauddhoM ke sAtha dArzanika saMgharSa kiyA aura anekAMta siddhAMta ko bijayapatAkA phhraaii| ve mahAnazAstravijetA tathA mahAn vAgmI the / vauddhoM ke vicAroM se hone vAlI nirAtmakatA se jana-jana kI rakSA karane kI karuNAbuddhi se ve otaprota the / unake sattvaprakopa ke mUlalakSya vauddhAcArya hI the| ve unake azlIla parihAsa tathA kutaka pUrNa kaktiyoM kA uttara bhI bar3e maje se dete the| jaba bauddhAcArya dharmakIti ne - - 5. saMskRta nAhitya kA itihAsa, DaoN. baladevaprasAda upAdhyAya, pR. 660 2. vahI, pR. 663 3-4. vahI, pR. 666 5. vahI, pR0 667 6. vahI, pR0 6567. siddhivinizcaya, pra. pR07

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[ AcArya abhUtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva apane grantha "pramANabAtika' meM anekAMtavAdiyoM ko dahI aura U~Ta ke abheda ke prasaMga kA dUSaNa dekara likhA ki anekAMtavAdI dahI kI jagaha kaMTa ko kyoM nahIM khaate|' taba prAcArya bhaTTAkalaMka apane grantha nyAya vinizcaya meM isakA satarka, sacoTa evaM saTIka uttara dete hue likhate haiM ki sugata muga hue the aura mRga bhI sugata huA phira bhI jaise Apa loga bhRga ko hI khAte ho sugata ko nahIM, unakI to bandanA hI karate ho / ThIka usI prakAra paryAyabheda se dahI aura U~Ta ke zarIra meM bheda hai, isalie dahI ke samAna U~Ta khAdya nahIM hai| isa taraha eka aora dArzanika spardhA meM tarka, nyAya tathA vRddhi kA vikAsa ho rahA thA, vahIM dUsarI ora vibhinna sampradAyoM meM bhraSTAcAra, Alasya, vilAsitA, hiMsApUrNa madya, mAMsa, madhu tathA vyabhicAra Adi dra tagati se panapa rahe the| ukta vAtAvaraNa navamI-dazamI zatAbdI taka apanI carama sImA ko chane lagA thaa| isa saMdarbha meM prasiddha vidvAna svargIya DA. rAjana rANDeya ne damoM meM likhA hai ki bhaktimArgI sampradAyoM meM vaiSNava, zaiva aura zAkta pradhAna the| ukta mAgiyoM ne guptakAlIna janatA meM eka nayI preraNA utpanna kara dI thI / parantu navamIM sadI se usameM bAhyADambara aura bhraSTAcAra Ane lge| vaiSNava sampradAya meM gopalIlA aura antaraGga samAja, zaiva sampradAya meM pAzupata, kApAlika aura aghorapaMtha, zAkta sampradAya meM Ananda, bhairavI athavA bhairavIcakra, yogiyoM meM siddhimArga Adi kaI azobhana, azlIla aura anaitika pantha utpanna ho gye| isa kAla meM dharma kA svarUpa bahata se sthAnoM meM, vizeSakara bihAra, kazmIra, ur3IsA, baMgAla aura AsAma meM tAMtrika ho gayA thA aura usake kaI sampradAya pratimArga athavA vAmamArga para cala par3e the, jinameM paJca makAroM madirA, mAMsa, matsya, mudrA aura maMthana kA sevana dharma ke nAma - . .-- 1. satyAbhaya rUpatve tadvizeSa nirAkRteH 1 vodito idhi khAdeti, kimuSTa nAbhidhAvati / / 3/181 pramANavAtika 2. gagano'pati mRgo jAtaH, mRgo'pi zugatastathA / tayApi yugato banyo, mRgaH khAdyo yatheSyane / / tathA vastubalAdeva, bhedAbheda vyavasthite / codito daghi khAdeti kimuSTra nAbhidhAvati / / nyAyavinizcaya 373/74, siddhivinizcaya TIkA, pUrvAdha pra0 pRSTha 65/66

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pUrva kAlIna paristhitiyAM ] para hotA thaa| zaMkarAcArya ne darzana aura dharma kA pracAra karane ke lie bhArata ke cAroM konoM meM cAra maTha sthApita kiye the / kucha samaya taka ina maThoM aura unakI zAkhAoM-prazAkhAoM ke zaMkarAcArya aura dUsare sanyAsI dharma kA pracAra karate raheM, parantu Age calakara unameM bhI bilAsitA aura bhraSTAcAra A gye| idhara bauddhadharma ke pracArakoM va prasArakoM meM bhI upayukta bilAsitA aura bhraSTAcAra prAdi panapane lge| harSavardhana ke samaya taka bauddhadharma ke kAphI anayAyI the aura usakA svarUpa ucca va nAcanA , parantu mAge calakara jisa prakAra vaidika yA brAhmaNa dharma meM vilAsitA aura bhraSTAcAra A gaye, vaise hI bauddhadharma meM bhI vyApta ho gye| isakA bhI tAntrika tathA vAmamArgI svarUpa ho gyaa| bajayAna Adi sampradAyoM kA isameM udaya huA jisase bauddha saMghArAma aura vihAra, guhmasamAjoM aura bhraSTAcAra ke kendra ho gye| __ yadyapi jainadharma meM bhI mUrtipUjA aura mandira Adi kA kAphI vistAra ho gayA thA aura usake mUlajJAna aura tapasyA ke mArga ne andhavizvAsa aura eka prakAra ke karmakANDa kA rUpa dhAraNa kara liyA thA, phira bhI usameM muhyasamAjI vicAra aura bhraSTAcAra nahIM phaile jo brAhmaNa aura bauddhadharma meM ghusa gaye the / ' upayukta navamIdasavIM sadI ke kAla ko ati sAmpradAyikatA aura atyAcAra kA dhuga kahA jA sakatA hai| isa yuga meM dhArmikasparghA evaM ghonmAda ne sAmpradAyikatA kA rUpa le liyA thaa| tarka tathA jJAna bala kA sthAna atyAcAra aura pazu-bala ne le liyA thaa| AnA varcasva evaM svamata kI sthApanA karane hetu alpasaMkhyaka evaM alpazakti sampanna anya matAvalambiyoM ko balapUrvaka dabAyA jAne lagA, saikar3oM hajAroM naranAriyoM ko mauta ke ghATa utArA gayA, lAkhoM janoM ko svamata parivartana karane hetu bAdhya kiyA gayA, alpamata ke anuyAyiyoM para amAnavIya, anaitika, anyAyapUrNa atyAcAra kiye gaye / isa sandarbha meM rUsI lekhikA DaoN. zrImatI ena. Ara. gusevA ne "jainijma" nAmaka pustaka meM likhA hai ki isa bAta ke pramANa haiM ki mahArASTra meM bhairavoM ke nAma se khyAta vyaktiyoM ke netRtva 1. prAcIna bhArata, DaoN. rAjapali pANDeya, pa0 428-426

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[ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva meM sthAnIya janasaMkhyA ke eka varga kI ora se jainoM ko bhayaMkara AkramaNoM kA zikAra banAyA gyaa| ukta bhairava sampradAya zaivoM meM se eka thaa| isI prakAra kI atyAcArapUrNa ghaTanAoM kA ullekha karate hue vikhyAta lekhaka kRSNasvAmI ayyara ne likhA hai ki tatkAlIna zaMkarAcArya ke prabhAva meM Ane vAle kucha rAjAoM ne to yahAM taka udghoSaNAeM kI thIM ki merI usa sabhI prajA ko katla kara diyA jAve, jo himAlaya se lekara rAmabrija (kanyAkumArI) taka ke vaddha evaM yavA bauddhoM ko kala karane meM asaphala ho| aisI hI ghoSaNAe~ jainoM ke prati bhI kI gii| jainoM ko bhI aise hI amAnuSika atyAcAroM ko sahanA par3A thA / isakA bhI pramANa prastuta karate hae ukta lekhaka ne likhA hai ki hameM paurANika upadrava sambandhI vivaraNoM para thor3A-bahuta santoSa karanA hotA hai ki hindustAna meM bauddhoM nathA dakSiNa bhArata meM lAkhoM jainoM ko satAyA gayA / ve paizAcika tarIke kevala dhArmika upadravakAriyoM ko hI jhAta the| ina tathyoM kI zAntipUrvaka, gambhIratA ke sAtha samIkSA karane para hameM vizvAsa karane ke paryApana kAraNa mila sakate haiM ki upadava ko isa dhAmika tathA rAjanItika jvAlA ne bhAratIya samAjoM ke nirmala-zAnta AkAza ko zAyada hI itanA kurUpa (raktaraMjita) kabhI kiyA ho| dUravartI grAma yA zahara kA koI bhAga zAyada hI chUTA ho jo ukta jvAlA meM jhulasA na ho| 1. "There is evidence that in Maharashtra, the Jains were guhjet euf to tierce attacks from a group of local population led b. persons known by the name of "Bhairavas." (Jainism by Mrs. N R Guseva, Iranslated from russian into English by Y. S Redker, P. 53) 2 Bhairava is one of the papucs of shuiva. Ibid p. 53) 3. The king thus got rid of all his doubis at-once and issued this memorable adict- 'Let all those of subjects be alain who fail to slay the Buddhists old and young, frani Himalaya to the Bridge of Rama, See Shanktracharya His life & times, T-Edition, p.41) 4. For, if we content curselves with th: more or less legendary accounts of tbe prosecution cither of Buddhists in Hindustan and Dakhao or of Jaias ja. Southern Indis. We staall have to admjt tha: millio..s of ints were tortured ur burnt ar destroyed in the various diabolical ways known only w the religious prosecutors. But taking a more sober view of India and its people and interpretting these legends in the light of comparison with past and prescnt facts and of calm criticism we have ampla reasons to believe that religious and political fires of pousccutiva hardly cyer discoloured the serene skies of the Indian village, commouities or any those parts of the country whicb lay fat removed from town and cities. (Sec Shunkoracharya-His life and times, Page 43)

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ma pUrvakAlIna paristhitiyAM ] [ 11 vIrazaivoM yA liMgAyatoM kA sarvAdhika, tIvra vidvaSa jainadharma aura janoM para thA / jaba jahAM unheM zakti prApta huI jainoM para inhoMne bhISaNa atyAcAra kiye, jinameM ye prAcIna zava nayanAroM tathA vaiSNava alavAroM se bhI Age bar3ha gaye / ___ isI taraha 11vIM sadI I. meM kumArapAla kA bhatIjA ajayapAla hA jo zaivadharma kA anuyAyI thA / vaha bar3A asahiSNu thA / usane purAne mastriyoM aura saradAroM ko apamAnita kiyA tathA naSTa kiyaa| jaina, vidvAnoM aura sAdhuoM para bhI ghora atyAcAra kiye, unakI hatyA karAyI aura jaina mandiroM ko bhI naSTa krvaayaa| isa prakAra tatkAlIna romAMcakArI, ati bhayAnaka paristhitiyoM se bacane hetu janoM meM bhaTTArakoM kA udaya huA ! unhoMne yugAnurUpa bahusaMkhyakoM kI kaI dhArmika kriyAoM tathA rUr3hiyoM kI nakala karanA aura unheM tathaiva apanAnA prArambha kara diyaa| ukta bhaTTAraka sampradAya ke vikAsa meM zaMkarAcArya dvArA sthApita maThoM kA prabhAva evaM unakA anukaraNa spaSTa dikhAI detA hai| usa samaya kI mAMga ho kucha aisI rahI / bhaTTAraka goThoM meM bhI kaI dRSTiyoM se vaidika paddhatiyoM kA praveza humA / padyAvato Adi deviyoM ko kAlI, durgA yA lakSmI kA hI rUpAntara mAnA jAne lgaa| adhyAtma zAstroM ke vyAsyAna meM AtmA ke samAna hI brahma kA nirUpaNa hone lagA / mantra, tantra, camatkAra Adi ke dvArA janatA para apanA prabhAva jamAye rakhanA tatkAlIna bhadrArakoM kA pramukha kartavya bana gayA thA / be mantra tantrAdi dvArA devI devatAoM ko bhI prasanna karate rahate the / mantra camatkAra ke hI dvArA bhaTTAraka apanI pAlakA kA AkAza meM gamana honA, pApANa muniyoM dvArA apane pakSa kI puSTi honA ityAdi siddha karate the| sarasvatI vI pASANa muni ke dvArA digambara sampradAya kA prAcInatva siddha karanA camatkAroM kA hI eka udAharaNa hai 1 3 ukta mantra, tantra, camatkArAdi ka atirikta bhaTTArakoM ne tatkAlIna brAhmaNa saMskRti ke AcAra, vicAra tathA pradhAoM kA pUrNanaH athavA aMzataH atakaraNa kiyaa| isa sandarbha meM viduSI zrImatI esa. sTIveMzana likhatI haiM ki jana-sampradAya ne bhArata ke - - - - - - -. . .. .. - 1. bhAratIya itihAsa, eka apTi' DaoN0 jyotiprasAda jaina, papTha 32 2. bhaTTAraka gampradAya pra. pRSTha 15 3. vahI, pRSTha 15 i n- - -

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/ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva tatkAlIna, Arthika evaM naitika jIvana ke pakSa ko apanAyA / hindU jAtiyoM meM maujUda anekoM niyamoM tayA niyantragoM ko zanaiH zanaiH apanAnA prArambha kiyA aura jAtiprathA kA DhAMcA bhI jainadharma meM hindU dharma kI taraha nirmita ho gyaa|' yahA~ taka ki mRtaka ke zarIra ko jalAnA, usakI rAkha ko pAnI meM sirAnA Adi sAmAjika rUr3hiyAM bhI jainoM ne hindudharma se grahaNa kii| hinduoM ke utsavoM ko bhI jainoM ne apanAyA / isa taraha bhaTTArakoM kA prabhAva tatkAlIna samAja para sthApita hotA gayA / ve samAja ke karNadhAra evaM zAsaka vana gaye / inameM dharmavihita AcAravicAroM kA abhAva aura dhArmika bhraSTAcAra kA prabhAva bar3hatA gayA / zithilAcArI muniyoM se digambara paramparA meM bhaTTArakoM kA paMtha udita huA ! prArambha meM inhoMne vanavAsa chor3akara mandiroM meM rahanA zurU kiyA, phira mandiroM ke nimitta se dAnAdi grahaNa karane lage aura isa taraha dhIre-dhIre hindu mahantoM kI taraha pUre maThAdhIza bana gye| nivAsa sthAna ke rUpa meM maThoM aura mandiroM kA nirmANa tathA upayoga: isI ke prabandhAdi ke lie bhUmi Adi kA dAna lenA, grantha lekhana tathA saMrakSaNa, camatkAra Adi ke dvArA dharma kA udyota karanA; zAsakavarga se sambandha rakhanA Adi inake mukhya kAma the| inameM se anekoM ne sAmayika sthiti ke anasAra dharma kI rakSA meM sahayoga diyA ki burAiyoM se ye bhI nahIM baca sake / isa yuga ko hama jenetara saMskRti ke sAtha prAdAna pradAna kA yuga kaha sakate haiN| yadyapi isa yaga meM bAhya prAcAra-vicAra, pUjA ddhiti, tyauhAra utsava Adi meM hindU sampradAyoM ke sAtha jaina dharma kA bahuta kucha AdAna pradAna huA, tathApi jainadharma ko saiddhAMtika mUlabhitti aDiga rahI / usake maulika vizvAsa aura paramparAeM aDiga banI rahIM; inhIM kAraNoM se vaha bhArata kA eka svatantra evaM pramukha dharma banA rhaa| usake preraka tatva . sajIva bane rahe aura unake kAraNa isameM anuyAyiyoM kA utsAha sajaga rahA / " 1. The Jain Cornmuntics adopted this feature of Sucialcconomic and iteologi cal life of losia and gradually Listes, adoptiog many restrictions and prohibitions, which existed in Hindu castcs took shape fa Jainism also. (I be Ileart of Jainism, p. 55) "Burning dead body, the ashes are thrown ja water erc... all these rites... were introduced in Jain Practicc in medieval Period and were borrowed mainly from Hinduism. (The Heart of Jainism, P. 78) 3. dakSiNa bhArata meM jainadharma, pRSTha 168 bhAratIya itihAsa, eka daSTi, pRSTha 178-176 Mirclinine

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pUrvakAlIna paristhitiyA~ | [ 13 jIvadayA tathA ahiMsA pradhAna jaMnadharma para AMtarika tathA bAhya vidveSiyoM dvArA bhoSaNa, krUra pAzavika atyAcAra evaM durvyavahAra kiyA gayA, phira bhI jainoM ne kabhI bhI aise amAnavIya kRtyoM kA sahArA nahIM liyaa| jainAcAryoM tathA vidvAnoM ne nirantara apane amUlya, ahiMsAmayI AdhyAtmika AcAroM va vicAroM se bhAratIya saMskRti evaM janajIvana ko anuprANita kiyaa| AcArya amRtacandra ke samaya taka uparyukta viSama pari sthitiyAM vANika roga meM vyApta ho cukI thii| ina paristhitiyoM kI vikaTatA apane caramotkarSa para thii| phira bhI AcArya amRtacandra ne eka ora hisAtmaka tathyahIna yuktiyoM kA khaNDana kiyA aura ahiMsAmayI amRta dvArA utpIDita janamAnasa ko zAMti ke mArga kA pradarzana kiyA; to dUsarI prora jainadarzana va gharmAcAra meM Agata anAcAra va patana se jaina AcAra tathA vicAroM kA parimArjana evaM saMrakSaNa bhI kiyA / unakI kRtiyoM meM tatkAlIna vAtAvaraNa tathA usake nirAkaraNa kI jhalaka padapada para dikhAI detI hai| udAharaNArtha - vibhinna matoM meM paraspara calane vAle virodha ko miTAne ke lie anekAMta ko ho amodha upAya batAte hue ve likhate haiM - ki jaise janmAMdha puruSa hAthI ke eka aGga ko chUkara usa maGga rUpa hAthI kA svarUpa mAnate haiM, parantu vaisA hAthI kA svarUpa nahIM hotA / ataH janmAMdha puruSoM ke hastividhAna kA niSedha karane vAle, samasta nayoM (sabhI dRSTiyoM) se prakAzita vastu svarUpa ke virodha ko miTAne vAle, utkRSTa jaina siddhAMta ke prANarUpa anekAMta ko namaskAra ho / ' isI prakAra tatkAlIna vAtAvaraNa meM vyApta madya, mAMsa, madhu, pA~ca prakAra ke udumbara phaloM ke sevana ko mahAn hiMsAkAraka siddha karate hue, unake tyAga kA sarvaprathama upadeza diyaa| unake zabda isa prakAra hai ki"hiMsA ke tyAga ke icchuka puruSoM ko prathama hI prayatnapUrvaka zarAba, mAMsa, madhu (zahada) aura pAMca udumbara phaloM ko chor3a denA cAhiye / ukta AThoM vastuoM ke sevana meM hone vAlI hiMsA kI siddhi prAcArya zrI ne satarka 1. paramAgamasya jIvaM niSiddhajAtyaMdha sindhura vidhAnam / sakalanayavilasitAnAM, virodhamayanaM namAmyanekAntam ||2|| puruSArtha siddhayuzaya 2. bar3a, pIparaphala pAkara ( gUlara ), kamara tathA kaThUmara (phAsa) ke phaloM ko paMca udumbara kahate haiN| pu0 si0 u0 pR0 60 2. madya mAsaM kSaudra paJcodumbara phalAni yatnena / hiMsA vyuparata kAmairmoktavyAni prathamameva / / 61|| 50 si0 u

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14 ] [ AcAya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartR sva evaM sacoTa kI hai| vaidikI hiMsA hiMsA mA bhavati" ke anusAra kI jAne vAlI yAjJika hiMsA kA zrAcArya amRtacandra ne nimna zabdoM meM khaNDana kiyA hai "bhagavAn kA kahA huA dharma bahuta sUkSma hai isalie dharma ke nimitta se hiMsA karane meM doSa nahIM hai" isa prakAra dharma trimUr3ha (bhramarUpa ) hRdaya vAlA hokara kabhI bhI zarIradhArI jIvoM ko nahIM karanA caahie|" " pazavaH sRSTAH " kI tatkAlIna pracalita dhArmika ukti kA khaMDana karate hue ve likhate haiM ki 'nizcaya se dharma devoM se utpanna hotA hai, isalie isa loka meM unake lie sabhI kucha de denA cAhie" aisI aviveka se grasita buddhi prApta karake zarIradhArI jIvoM ko nahIM mAranA caahie| tatkAlIna samAja meM vyApaka rUpa se vyApta dharma ke nAma para bakaroM Adi kI bali kI prathA kA virodha karate hue ve likhate haiM ki pUjya puruSoM ke nimitta cakarA Adi jIvoM ke ghAta karane meM koI bhI doSa nahIM hai aisA vicAra kara atithi ke lie jIvoM kA ghAta nahIM karanA caahiye| hiMsaka kI hiMsA, bahuta jIvoM kI apekSA eka bar3e zarIradhArI jIva kI hiMsA, hatyAre jIvoM kI dayAbuddhi se hiMsA, dukhI jIva ke duHkha miTAne ke lie hiMsA, sukhI ko mArane se sukhI rahegA," isa bhAva se hiMsA, guru kI hina kI bhAvanA ke kAraNa hiMsA, khArapaTaka mata sammata hiMsA, (arthAt jaise bar3e meM banda pakSI kI ghar3A phor3ane se zIghra mukti hotI hai, usI prakAra zarIra meM rahane vAle grAtmA kI zarIra nAza karane se zIghra mukti mAnanA khArapaTika mata kI mAnyatA hai) katipaya " dharmazAstroM meM varNita 'zavidAna kathA ke anusAra bhUkhe ke lie apane zarIra kA mAMsa denA ityAdi aneka prakAra se pracalita tatkAlIna hiMsA poSaka mAnyatAoM kA amRtacandrAcArya ne spaSTa rUpa se satarka nirAkaraNa kiyA aura kisI 1. sUkSmo bhagavadrdharmo dharmArtha haMsane na doyo'rita / ina dharmamuhUrta jAnu bhUtvA zarIriNo hisyAH ||56 || pu0mi030|| 2. dharmo hi yaH prabhavati nAbhyaH pradehi sarva / iti duvitAM na prApya dehino hisyAH // mi0 ugA 3. pujyanimittAne lAgAnAM na ko'pi doSo'ni ini sampradhArya kArya nAtiyaye satvajJapanam ||31|| puruSArtha mipAya || 4. saMskRta maMjarI mA. zi. maNDala, madhyapradeza bhopAla dvArA saMkalita) pR0 28 5. upayukta vibhinna mAtAoM ke nirAkaraNa hetu dekhiye "puruSArtha niddhayupAya padya krama me 86 taka "

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pUrvakAlIna paristhitiyAM ] kAra se hisA karane kA niSedha kiyA tathA ahiMsA savA kI vaSTi pANImAtra ke kalyANa kI pavitratama bhAvanA dvArA tatkAlIna samAja, sAhitya evaM yuga ko anuprANita kiyaa| unhoMne prakaTa, vidyamAna jagat ko mithyA (bhramarUpa) mAnane vAlI mAnyatA ko prasatya batAte hue "vidyamAna kA niSedha karanA prathama prakAra kA asatya hai" isa -hetu dvArA ukta mata kA nirasana kiyA hai / ' sAtha hI avidyamAna (asat) vastu ko sthApanA ko dvitIya prakAra kA asatya, vastu ko anyarUpa se kahane ko tI mare prakAra kA asatya, gahita (niMdanIka), sAbadha (hiMsApoSaka), apriya vacana kahane ko cauthe prakAra kA asatya batAkara asatya vacanoM ke cAra prakAra ke bhedoM dvArA samasta prakAra ke asatya poSaka kathanoM kA parihAra kriyA aura satyadharma kI sthApanA, pracAra va prasAra kiyaa| asatya kI taraha, paradhana haraNarUpa corI, maithana rUpa abrahma (kuzIla) sevana, tathA paravastu meM mUcrU pa bhAva (parigraha) ke sevana ko hisArUpa batAkara unakA bhI niSedha kiyA / unhoMne jhUTha, corI, kuzIla tathA parigraha ko bhI hiMsA ke hI bheda batAyA kyoMki ve sabhI prAtmA ke zuddhopayoga rUpa pariNAmoM ke ghAtaka haiM / ataH pAMcoM pApoM ko hiMsAmayI nirUpita karate hue kahA ki patri bheda to kevala ziSyoM ko samajhAne ke lie kiye gae haiN| ___isa taraha prAcArya amRtacandra ne ahiMsA ke Aloka meM hiMsA kA sarvaprakAra se utthApana karake, ahiMsAmayI adhyAtma rasa kI zItala-zAMta evaM sukhamayI varSA dvArA santapta AtmAoM ko zAMti va rAhata upalabdha karAI | sAtha ho tatkAlIna pradUSaNa, dabAva, bhaya tathA bhrama ke vAtAvaraNa meM ve dinakara sadRza udita hue aura zanaiH-zanaiH unhoMne apane prakhara vyaktitva tathA asAdhAraNa kRtiyoM dvArA samAja, sAhitya, dharma tathA deza ko Alokita aura prabhAvita kiyA / ---- - - 1. puruSArtha middhayupAya, padya 12 2. puruSArtha siddhayupAya, 'padya 63 3. vahI, gadya 64 4. bahI, padya 65 5. vahI, padya 103, 107. 111 6. prAtmapariNAma hiMsanahetutvAtsarvameva hisatat / annabacanAdi kevala gudAhRtaM ziSyabodhAya // 42 // puruSArtha siddhayupAya / /

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16 ! / AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva pUrvakAlIna sAhityika paristhitiyA~ vAstava meM to hita kI bhAvanA jisameM nihita ho aisI lekhanI kA nAma sAhitya hai / ukta sAhitya zabda kA vAstavika rUpa aba badala cukA hai aura AcAra-vicAroM, sabhyatA tathA saMskRti kA darpaNa sAhitya ko mAnA jAne lagA hai| ukta artha meM, prAcAra bicAra prAdi bhale hI hita ko bhAvanA sahita hoM yA ahita ko, parantu unheM lekhanIbaddha kara dene se ve sAhitya meM parigaNita kara liye jAte haiN| jisa prakAra ke AcAra vicAra evaM vAtAvaraNa ko lekhatI byakta karatI hai, usI prakAra kA vaha sAhitya kahalAtA jAtA hai, udAharaNa ke lie yuddhasAhitya, dharmasAhitya, hAsyavyaMgasAhitya, premasAhitya, zAMtisAhitya ityAdi / vAstava meM hama dekhate haiM ki vibhinna prakAra kA sAhitya hI samasta dezoM, dharmoM, samAjoM Adi ke utthAna va patana kA prAdhAra hai|' sAhitya kisI bhI deza, samAja yA vyakti kA sAmayika samarthaka nahIM, balki sArvadezika aura sArvakAlika niyamoM se prabhAvita hotA hai / sAhitya meM sAdhanA aura anubhUti ke samanvaya se samAja aura saMsAra se Upara satya aura saundarya kA cirantana rUpa pAyA jAtA hai / isI kAraNa sAhityakAra, cAhe vaha kisI bhI dharma, jAti, samAja yA deza kA ho, samAna rUpa se anubhUti kA bhaNDAra jita karatA hai / isa anabhUti ke lie vyakti, dharma, jAti, samAja aura deza kA tanika bhI bandhana apekSita nhiiN| isI kAraNa manISiyoM ne prAtmadarzana ko hI sAhitya kA darzana mAnA hai / apane meM jo prAbhyaMtarika satya hai use dekhanA aura dikhalAnA sAhityakAra kI carama sAdhanA hai| jainasAhitya sraSTAoM ne akhaNDa caitanya-AnandamayI AtmA ke antardarzana karake, apanI anabhUtiyoM ko mUrta rUpa pradAna karane hetu vipulamAtrA meM sAhitya kA srajana kiyA / unakI sAhityamRSTi sArvakAlika, sarvahitakArI tathA zAzvata zAMtisukha dAyinI rahI hai / aise hI sAhitya kI akhaNDadhArA Adi tIrthakara RSabhadeva se lekara antima tIrthaGkara bhagavAna mahAvIra taka calatI rhii| ukta sAhitya dhArA pahale maukhika paramparA dvArA pravAhita hotI rahI, jo mahAvIra ke pazcAt 683 varSa taka aGga-pUrvajJAnadhAraka prAcAryoM dvArA avicchinna rUpa se 1. yugavIra nibandhAvali, bhAga-1, pR04 2. hindI jana sAhityaparizIlana bhAga-1, DaoN. nemicandra zAstrI, pR0 16-20

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pUrva sAhityika paristhitiyAM / calatI rhii| pazcAt ukta maukhika zramaNasAhitya dhArA ne likhita rUpa dhAraNa kiyA / isa likhita zramaNasAhitya dhArA kA vikAsa do daSTiyoM se hotA rahA jinheM prathama zrutaskandha tathA dvitIya zrRtaskaMdha ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| inameM prathama zrutaskandha kI utpatti prAcArya dharasena (IsvI 38 se 66 naka) dvArA SaTkhaNDAgama ke rUpa meM huii| unhoMne ukta vidyA AcArya puSpadanta aura mAnAya bhUli ko DisAI, jise ukta AcAryaya gala ne 'SaTkhaNDAgamasuta" nAma se prAkRtabhASA meM nibaddha kiyaa| ukta SaTkhaNDAgama ke prathamakhaNDa ko racanA prAcArya puSpadanta ne (Isvo 66 se 106 ke bIca kI, zeSa (do se lekara chaha taka) pAMca khaNDoM ke sUtroM kA praNayana AcArya bhUtabali ne (IsvI 66 se 156 ke boca) kiyA / ukta grantha kI kaI TIkAeM racI gaI / sarvaprathama TIkA AcArya kundakunda dvArA (IsvI 127 se 166 ke boca) prArambha ke tIna svaNDoM para raco gaI / kundakunda kRta TIkA kA nAma "parikarma" thaa| dUsarI TIkA kI racanA prAcArya samantabhadrasvAmI ne (I0 dvitIya sadI) isake prathama pAMca vaNDoM para racI / tIsarI TIkA ke kartA AcArya zAmakuNDa (I0 tRtIya sadI) .. the| caturtha TIkA AcArya vIrasena svAmI dvArA (I0 762 se 823 ke bIca) banAI gaI / isakA nAma dhavalATIkA hai, jo 72 hajAra zloka pramANa atyaMta gaMbhIra evaM vizAla hai| tatpazcAt AcArya nemicandra siddhAMtakakravartI ( I0 sadI 1018 se 1068) ne ukta SaTkhaNDAgama evaM kaSAyapAhur3a kA adhyayana kara sArarUpa meM gommaTasAra, la bdhisAra, zapaNAsAra, trilokasAra kI racanA kii| usa para prAcArya abhayacandra dvitoya (1333 se 1343 I0 ke bIca) ne "mandaprabodhinI" nAmaka prathama saMskRta TIkA rcii| dvitIya TIkA kezabavarNI kRta kannar3a bhASA meM banAI gaI / tRtIya TIkA nemicandrAcArya caturtha ( I0 16 vIM sadI pUrvArdha ) ne savistAra likhI / cauthI TIkA paNDinapravara ToDaramalaz2o ne (vi. saMvat 1776-77 meM) samyagjJAnacandrikA nAma se banAI jo 3406 mudritapRSThoM meM adyAvadhi upalabdha hai| isa prakAra prathamazrutaskaMdha ko utsati evaM vikAsa paramparA clii| isameM AtmA aura karma ke sambandha meM siddhAMtaviSayaka jJAna kA vipula bhaNDAra hai| dvitIya zrutaskandha ko utpatti AcArya guNaghara se huI / unakA kAla ( IsvI 57 se 156 ) hai| unhoMne kaSAyapAhar3a sutta nAmaka grantha 1. jainendra siddhAnta koza, bhAga-4, pR0 81 2. bahI, bhAga-2, pR0 244

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[ AcArya amRtacandra vyaktitva aura kartRtva kI racanA kI / pazcAt AcArya AyabhakSu aura nAgahastI (I0 445 se 560 taka) ne ina sUtroM kA vistAra kiyaa| usake bAda unake ziSya yanivRSabhAcArya ne ( I0 540-606) isakI vizada TIkA "cUrNisutta" nAma se ko| isa TokA kA vistAra 60 hajAra zloka pramANa hai| inhIM cuNisuttoM ke AdhAra para uccAraNAcArya ne vistRta uccAraNA likho| ukta uccAraNA ke AdhAra para AcArya vappadeva (I0 767 se 767) ne bhI eka aura saMkSipta uccAraNA likhI / pazcAt AcArya vIrasena ne (I0 762-823) isa grantha para 20 hajAra zloka pramANa "jayaghavalA" nAmaka TokA saMskRta meM likhii| ye isa TIkA ko pUrNa na kara sake, jise unake ziSya jinasenAcArya (I0 800-843) ne 40 hajAra zloka pramANa aura racanA karake ukta TIkA ko pUrNa kiyaa| isa prakAra jainadharma ke vizAla vAGamaya kI siddhAMtajJAnadhArA aMkurita, abhisiMcita evaM vikasita hotI rhii| ukta dvitIya zrutaskandha ke jJAna ko guru paramparA se prAcArya kundakunda ne (I0 prathama sadI) ne prApta kriyA, tathA unhoMne samayasAra, pravacanasAra, paMcA stikAya, niyamasAra, aSTapAhur3a Adi granthoM kI pAkRta gAthAoM meM racanA kI aura zramaNoM kI adhyAtmajJAnaghArA ko vizeSa rUpa se pravAhita kiyaa| isa adhyAtmadhArA ko kramazaH prAcArya umAsvAmI (I0 dUsarI sado), tAki ziromaNi svAmI samantabhadrAcArya (I0 tIsarI sadI), AcArya pUjyapAda ( I0 pAMcavIM sadI), AcArya yogIndu ( joindu ) deva (I0 chaThavIM sadI) AcArya jaTAsiMhanandi (jaTAcArya-I0 sAtavIM sadI), guNabhadrAcArya ( AtmAnuzAsanakAra) (I0 navamI sadI pUrSi ), AcArya pramutacandra (I0 dasavIM sadI), prAcArya amitagati prathama (I0 615 se 668), amitagati dvitIya (I0 663 se 1021), prAcArya padmaprabhamaladhArIdeva ( I0 1140 se 1185), muni nAgasena (I. bArahavIM sadI), AcArya jayasena (I0 1262 se 1323), prAcArya prabhAcaMdra (I0 terahavIM sadI), bAlacaMdra (I. 1350) ityAdi AcAryoM tathA vidvAnoM ne adhyAtmarasaprajra TokAoM tathA maulika kRtiyoM dvArA yathAsaMbhava Age bar3hAyA / uparyata adhyAtmadhArA ke vikAsa evaM pracAra-prasAra meM AcArya amRtacandra kA asAdhAraNa yogadAna rahA hai| jisa prakAra tothaMkara mahAvIra ke 1. janendra siddhAntakoza, bhAga-2, pR0 41

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pUrva sAhityika paristhitiyAM / gautamagaNadhara kA smaraNa kiyA jAtA hai, usI prakAra kundakandA bAda adhyAtma ke advitIya pravaktA evaM bhASyakAra ke rUpa meM AcArya amRtacandra kA nAma vizruta hai / unake bAda ke TIkAkAroM ne unheM kalikAla-gaNadhara ke garimApUrNa pada se vibhUSita kiyA hai|' prAcArya kundakunda ke ananya ziSya gRpicchAcArya umAsvAmo (I. dUsarI sadI) ne tattvArthasUtra aparanAma mokSazAstra nAmaka grantha kI saMskRta sUtroM meM racanA kara jaina saMskRta vAGamaya meM sarvaprathama sUtrazailI kA satrapAta kiyA / digambara evaM zvetAmbara donoM hI janasampradAyoM meM ukta gandha samAna rUpa se mAnya prAdaraNIya hai| isa grantha meM jainasiddhAMtoM kA rahasya "gAgara meM sAgara" kI taraha bharA gayA hai| ise jainoM kI bAIbila kahakara isakI mahattA vyakta kI jAtI hai| isake maMgalAcaraNa rUpa prathama loka para hI prAcArya samantabhadra ne AptamImAsA (aparanAma devAgama stotra kI racanA IsA kI dvitIya sadI meM kI thii| pazcAta prAcArya akalaMkadeva ne ( I0 640-680) 800 zloka pramANa 'aSTazatI" nAmaka saMskRta pATokA rcii| tatpazcAt prAcArya vidyAnandi prathama (I0775540) ne aSTazatI para se 8 hajAra zloka pramANa "aSTasahastrI" nAmaka atyanta prIta, kliSTa, vijana ko AzcaryakArI saMskRta gadyaTIkA likhii| isake atirikta tatvArthasUtra para anekoM bhASya aura TIkAe~ racI gaI, jinameM kucha pramukha TIkAoM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM :-samantabhadrAcArya (I. dUsarI sadI) dvArA viracita 84 hajAra zloka pramANa TIkA "gandhahastimahAbhASya', AcArya pUjyapAda (I0 pAMcavIM sadI)kRta "sarvArtha siddhi", AcArya yogIndudeva (I0 chaThavIM sadI) viracita "tattvaprakAzikA", akalakabhaTTa (bhaTTAkalaMka-640-680 I.) dvArA racita 'tattvArtha rAjavAtika", AcArya vidyAnandi (775-840 I.) kRta "zlokavAtika", abhUtacandrAcArya (dasavIM sadI I0) dvArA praNIta "tatvArthasAra" paghaTIkA, AcArya abhayanandi (gyArahavIM sadI I.) dvArA likhita tattvArthavRtti", AcArya zivakoTi (bArahavIM sadI I.) dvArA "ratnamAlA". AcArya bhAskarana ndi (terahavIM sadI I.) kRta ''sukhabodha TIkA", prAcArya bAlacaMdra (I0 1350) kRta kannar3a TIkA, vivaghasena AcArya kRta "tattvArtha-TIkA', yogadeva kRta "tattvArthavRtti TIkA", lakSmIdeva kRta 'tatvArthaTIkA", AcArya zrutasAgara ( I. 1473-1533) kRta "tattvArthavRtti TIkA", 1. puruSArtha siddhayupAya (anuvAdaka-majJAta) prathamAvRti 1628 I0 kA mukhyapRSTha

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20 ] [ AcArya amRtacaMdra vyaktitva aura kartRtva 1 zrutasAgara dvitIya viracita "tattvArtha sukhabodhinI TIkA", paM0 sadAsukhadAsa ( I0 1793-1863) dvArA racita " ardhaprakAzikA" hindI TIkA ityAdi anya aneka vibhinna bhASAoM meM TIkAe~ upalabdha haiN| isa prakAra zrAcArya umAsvAmI dvArA sUtrazailI meM udghATita jaina adhyAtma ko saritA pravAhita hotI rhii| isa jamA ke vikAsa meM AcArya amRtacandra ne tattvArthasAra dyaTIkA racakara apanA apUrva yogadAna kiyA / , 1 isake atirikta AcArya kundakunda ke hI praziSya evaM AcArya umAsvAmI ke ziSya samantabhadrAcArya ne gandhahastimahAbhASya prAptamImAMsA, yuktyanuzAsana, jIvasiddhi tattvAnuzAsana Adi granthoM kI racanA kara eka ora jaina-dhyAya ke bhavya bhavana ko AdhAra zilA sthApita kI dUsarI ora ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra kI racanA dvArA jaina zrAvakoM kI AcAra paramparA kA prakAza stambha khar3A kiyaa| sAtha hI svayaMbhUstotra tathA jinastutizataka Adi stotra - kAvyoM ke nirmANa dvArA jaina adhyAtma evaM bhakti kI taraMgiNI pravAhita kI / -- jana nyAya kA vikAsaH - AcArya samantabhadra dvArA sthApita jainanyAya ke bhavya bhavana kI AdhArazilA para aneka AcAyoM ne jana-nyAya kA sudRr3ha, suramya bhavana nirmita kiyaa| unameM kucha AcAryoM ke nAma tathA kAma isa prakAra haiM : AcArya pAtrakezarI ( I0 chaThavIM sadI) ne bauddhoM ke rUpya hetuvAda kA khaNDana karane ke lie "trilakSaNakadarzana" nAmaka nyAyazAstra kI racanA kii| unake bAda jaina nyAya ke prakhara praNetA AcArya akalaMkabhaTTa ne ( I0 620 se 650 ) samantabhadra ke AptamImAsA grantha para "aSTazatI" nAmaka bhASya likhA / isake atirikta unhoMne pramANa saMgraha, nyAyavinizcaya, laghIyastraya, siddhivinizcaya aura tattvArtha rAjavArtika Adi atyanta gaMbhIra nyAya va tarka paraka granthoM kA praNayana kiyA aura jaina nyAya ke pratiSThAtA khlaaye| unake pazcAt muni vidyAnandi ( I0 775-40 ) ne akalaMka bhaTTa ke grantha aSTazatI para " aSTasahastrI " nAmaka vidvajjanamana AzcaryakArI, gaMbhIra, nyAya-varka va yuktihula vizad TIkA likhI / aSTasahastrI ko par3hakara bar3e-bar3e vidvAna bhI use sahastrI anubhava karate haiN| ve sabhI darzanoM ke pAragAmI vidvAna the / unhoMne aSTasahastrI ke pratirikta AptaparIkSA, pramANaparIkSA, patraparIkSA, 1. jainendra siddhAnta koza bhAga-2, pRSTha 355-356 2. jainadharma, pRSTha 266

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pUrva sAhityika paristhitiyA ] / 21 PARTI satyazAsana parIkSA, pramANamImAMsA, pramANa nirNaya, jalpanirNaya, naya vivaraNa, yuktyanuzAsana, tatvArthazlokavArtika, vidyAnandamahodaya tathA buddheza bhavana dhyAsthAna, ina 13 gaMbhIra granthoM kI racanA kara jaina nyAya, lakaM evaM darzana parak vAi maya ko bhalIbhAMti samRddha kiyaa| isI taraha AcAryakumAranandi caturtha (I. AThavIM sadI kA uttarArdha navApI bhadI kA pavarSi ne "bAdanyAya" nAmaka grantha kI racanA kii| tatpazcAta prAcArya mANikyanandi dvitIya (navamI dasavIM sadI I0) ne akalaMkadeva ke vacanoM kA avagAhana karake parIkSAmukha nAmaka sUtragrantha kI racanA kI jisameM pramANa, pramANAbhAsa mAdi kI sUkSma, saMkSipta parantu spaSTa narcA hai| unake bAda prAcArya anantavIrya (I0 dasavIM sadI ke uttarArdha meM) akalaMkanyAya ke prakAMDa paMDita hue, jinhoMne akalaka ke siddhivinizcaya grantha para bahuta hI vidvattApUrNa TIkA likhI hai / bahuzruta, dArzanika vidvAn prabhAcaMdra (I0 625-1023) ne akalaMka ke laghIyastraya para nyAyakumudacandra nAmaka bhASya tathA mANikyanandi ke parIkSAmukha sUtra para 'prameyakamalamArtaNDa" nAmaka atyanta gaMbhIra evaM viSad TIkA bnaaii| zravaNavelgola ( maisUra ) ke 40 naM ke zilAlekha meM inheM zabdAmbhoruhabhAskara aura prathitatakananthakAra batAyA gayA hai|' inake hI samakAlIna AcArya amRtacaMdra (vi.663 se 1015) meM hue jo atyanta praur3ha gabhIra, dArzanika evaM prAdhyAtmika TIkAnoM evaM maulika granthoM ke racayitA the| unhoMne kundakunda ke samayasAra para saMskRta meM "AtmakhyAti kalazaTIkA". pravacanasAra para tattvapradIpikA TIkA, paMcAstikAya para samayavyAkhyA TIkA likhakara inheM atyanta tarka pracura, nyAyapUrNa, marmasparzI tathA adhyAtmarasa se sarAbora nirmita kara nyAya, siddhAMta tathA adhyAtma kI triveNI pravAhita kii| unake bAda munirAja vAdirAja (I. 1000-1040 meM) hae jo myAdvAdavidyApati, padatarkaSaNamukha jagadekamallavAdI Adi viziSTa upAdhiyoM se vibhUSita the| sAlakA nagara ke 36 naM. ke zilAlekha meM Apako pratipAdana karane meM dharmakIrti, bolane meM bRhaspati aura nyAyazAstra meM prakSapAda nirUpita kiyA gayA hai| inhoMne akalaMnadeva ke nyAyavinizcaya para 20 hajAra zloka pramANaTIkA rcii| isake atirikta ekIbhAva stotra, pArzvanAtha stotra, yazodharacaritra, kAkusthacaritra Adi racanAeM kI / Apa sAhityika yuga ke asAdhAraNa vidvAn, vaiyAkaraNa, mahAnatArkika, aura gaMbhIra kAvya 1. jainadharma pRSTha 271

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22 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra vyaktitva aura kartRtva kAra the / isa sambandha meM unhoMne hI apanI eka racanA "ekIbhAvastotra" ke anta meM likhA hai ki samasta vayAkaraNa bAdirAja se pIche haiM, samasta tarkavAdI bAdirAja ke bAda hI Ate haiM, samasta kAvyakAra vAdirAja se pIche parigaNita haiM, samasta bhavyajanoM ke hitaiSiyoM meM vAdirAja hI agnaNI haiM to sabhI janajAna haiN| makara : AcAryoM ne samaMtabhadra dvArA sthApita tarka va nyAya dhArA ko paripuSTa evaM suvikasita kiyA / usameM bhI AcArya amRtacandra kA amUlya yogadAna rhaa| jaina gahasthAcAra paramparA kA vikAsaH- samantabhadra dvArA pradarzita jaina gRhasthAcAra parasparA ko vikasita karane vAle prAcAryoM meM AcArya kArtikeya (I0 gyArahavIM sadI) kArtikeyAnuprekSAgraMtha racane vAle, bhAcArya jinasena {I0 800 - 843) mahApurANa kI racanA karane vAle, AcArya amRtacandra (662-1015 I0) puruSArtha siddhya nAya ke praNetA, paM0 AzAdharajI (I0 1173.1243 ) sAgAra dharmAmRta ke kartA caritra sAragraMtha kartA, cAmuNDarAya (I0 10-11vIM sadI), amitagati zrAvakA cAra (263-1021) racayitA amitagati, basunandizrAvakAcAra ke lekhaka AcArya vasunaMdi Adi ke nAma vizeSa ullekhanIya haiN| uparyukta lekhakoM meM sarvAdhika prAmANika, lokapriya, atyanta gaMbhIra granthakAra AcArya amRtacandra hI haiN| unakA puruSArthasiddhiya upAya isa viSaya kA anupama, zreSTha grantha ratna hai, jisa para Age yathAsthala savistAra prakAza DAlA gayA hai| jaina bhakti-dhArA kA vikAsa- samantabhadra dvArA pravAhita AdhyAtmika rasapUrNa bhakti dhArA ko pravAhita evaM vikasita karate rahane vAle aneka prAcArya hue, jinameM siddhabhakti prAdi (dazabhaktyAdi) stutiyoM ke racayitA AcArya pUjyapAda (I. 5-6vIM sadI), sahastranAma stotra racayitA AcArya jinasena (I0 880-843), "laghutattvasphoTa" aparanAma 'zaktigitakoza" nAmaka atyanta gahana, AlaMkArika, adhyAtma va darzana se anuprANita racanA ke racayitA AcArya amRtacandra (662-1015 vi0), sAmAyika pATha ke kartA prAcArya amitagati (I0 663-1021), ekIbhAvastotra ke lekhaka vAdirAja (I0 1000-1040), bhaktAmara, 1. vAdirAjamanuzAbdikaloko, vAdirAjamanutAkikasiMhaH / vAdirAjamanu kAvyakRnaste, vAdirAjamnu bhvyshaayH||prlok n||26|| ekIbhAva stotra

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pUrva sAhityika paristhitiyAM 1 / 23 (AdinAtha) stotra ke kartA AcArya mAnatuGga (I0 1021-1055), kalyANamandira stotrakAra kumudacandrAcArya, viSApahArastotrakAra mahAkavi ghanaMjaya, jinacaturvizantikA ke raciyatA mahAkavi bhUpAla Adi mukhya haiN| ina sabhI racanAoM meM prAcArya amRtacandra kI racanA "laghutattvasphoTa" eka atyanta praur3ha, camatkArI-pAlakArika saskRtapadyoM meM upalabdha huI hai|' isa kRti meM amRtacandra kI asAdhAraNa kAvyapratibhA dvArA jainadarzana, adhyAtma evaM bhaktirUpa tridhArAgoM ne ekameka hokara vizAla sAhityika saritA kA rUpa dhAraNa kiyA hai| vastutaH samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna tathA samyakcAritra ke vitva kI eka tvarUpa prAtmajyoti kI jagamagAhaTa prAcArya amRtacandra ko sAhityika kRtiyoM meM prasphuTita hai| unake kAla meM jahAM anyamatoM meM kahIM para tarka, nyAya tathA AtmAnubhUti kI utthApanA hokara rahasyamayI brahma kI ghoSaNAeM ho rahI thI, kahIM para khoTI yuktiyoM tathA anucita sAdhanoM dvArA sArahIna tathyoM kI ghoSaNAeM evaM vijigISA ko pUrNa kiyA jA rahA thA, vahIM para AcArya amRtacandra bhI apanI kRtiyoM evaM TIkAoM meM DaMke kI coTa, nirbhIka ghoSaNAoM dvArA syAdvAdanyAya, prAtmAnubhUti, nirdoSa yukti evaM pUrvAcArya paramparA kI sthApanA karane ko kaTivaddha the / isa sambandha meM AcArya amRtacandra kI AtmakhyAti TIkA kA nimna aMza prakaTa pramANa hai / ve likhate haiM :-"syAt pada mudrAMkita zabdabrahma ( jinavANo ) kI upAsanA dvArA pragaTa nija AtmAnubhUti se, atyaMta nirdoSayukti ke pravalambana se, para-apa raguru ( arthAt jinendradeva tathA gaNadhara Adi ) se lekara hamAre guruparyanta upadeza ke anusaraNa se tathA nirantara jharate hue nijavaibhava 1. AcArya amRtacaMda kRta, laghutattvasvaphoTa yA zaktimariNat koza nAmaka eka zreSTha digambara kRti adyAvadhi janasamAja meM ajJAta thii| sadbhAgya meM isa grantha kI mAtra tADAtrIya kRti ahamadAbAda ke zvetAmbara jaina maMdira ke DelA bhaNDAra meM AgamoddhAraka zvetAmbara munirAja zrI pugyavijaya jI ko upalabdha huI / unhoMne bar3I udAratA ke sAtha ukta prati kI prasiddhi kI tathA unakI kApA karAkara sampAdanArtha DaoN0 padamanAtha zrAvarmAjI jainA, yUnivarsiTI praoNpha kailIphotiyA yu.esa.e. ke pAsa bhejii| jisakA prAglabhASA meM bhAnuvAda sampAdana hokara lAlabhAI dalapatra bhAI vidyAmandira amadAbAda se mArca 1978 meM prathama vAra prakAzana kiyA gyaa|

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24 ] [ prAcArya amRtacandra vyaktitva aura katu tva se ekatva vibhakta AtmA ko dikhAne hetu meM kaTibaddha huuN|'. uparyuta sAdhanoM ke atirikta chala vitaNDA, vAda, nigrahasthAna Adi se Atmopalabdhi kI siddhi trikAla meM bhI sambhava nahIM hai isakI bhI ghoSaNA unhoMne apanI TIkAoM meM kI hai| udAharaNArtha "anaMtacatanya cihna vAlI prAtmajyoti kA hama hamezA anubhava karate haiM, kyoMki usake anubhava ke binA anya prakAra se sAdhya nAtmA kI siddhi nahIM hotI, nahIM hotI / vaha Atmajyoti (samyagdarzana-samyagjJAna evaM samyakcAritra ke) tritvarUpa vAlI hone para bhI apane ekatva ko nahIM chor3atI huI nirmalatA ke sAtha udita ho rahI hai| isa aMza' meM yahAM "na khala na khala yasmAdanyathA sAdhyasiddhiH" zabdoM meM kitanI dar3hatA, aura satyAnabhUti kI spaSTa abhivyakti pAI jAtI hai / prAcArya amRtacandra ke pUrva tathA samakAla meM rAga dveSa, moha ko bar3hAne vAle sAhitya kI sRSTi ho cukI thii| aise sAhitya ko prAtma ahitakArI batAte hue ve usake paThana-zravaNa Adi kA niSedha karate hue likhate haiM ki rAga dveSa mohAdi ko bar3hAne vAlI tathA vahata aMzoM meM ajJAna se bharI huI duSTakathAoM kA sunanA, dhAraNa karanA, sIkhanA Adi kisI samaya kabhI bhI nahIM karanA caahie| prAcArya zrI jahAM eka ora tatkAlIna vAtAvaraNa ke parimArjana meM lage the, vahAM dUsarI ora digambara jaina zcamaNa paramparA ke yathArtha-satyArtha siddhAntoM ke maNDana tathA siddhAMta viruddha samasta prakAra kI vikRtiyoM tathA mAnyatAoM ke khaNDana meM satarka rahate the| zvetAmbara mata sammata vastrAdi parigraha sahita gurupane tathA kevalI ke kavalAhArI hone kA khaNDana karate hue ve likhate haiM 1. "iha kila sakalasyodbhAsitasyAtpadamudritazabdabrahmamopAsanajanmA, samasta vipakSakSodakSamAtiniStuSayuvasyabalambanajanmA, nirmalavijJAnanaghanAnimagna parApara guruprasAdIkRtazuddhAtmatatvAnuzAsanajanmA, anavaratasyaMdisundarAnandamudritAmanda savidAtmaka svasaMvedanajanmA ca yaH kazcanApi mamAtmanaH svo vibhavastena rAMmastanApyayamekatvavibhaktamAtmAnaM darzayehamiti basavyavasAyosmi / " __ yAtmakhyAti TIkA, gAthA 5 pRSTha 14-15 2. kathamapi mamupAntatritvamapyekatAmA, apatitamidamAtmajyotirUdgacchadaccham / satanamanubhASAmo'nanta caitanya cinhaM, na khalu na khalu yasmAdanyathA sAdhyasiddhiH / / prAsmasyAti, samayasArakalazaTIkA, kalaza-20 3. rAgAdivarddhanAnA duSTaka thAnAmabodhabahulAnAm / na kadAcana kurvIta zravaNArjana zikSaNAdIni / / 145, pu0 su0 //

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pUrva sAhityika paristhitiyAM ] "parigraha sahita bhI gurU hotA hai aura kevalI kabalAhArI hotA hai, isa prakAra kI jisakI zraddhA hotI hai, vaha viparIta mithyAtva hai|" AcArya amRtacandra mohavijetA, ajeya senAnI tathA pramAda cora se sadA sAvadhAna rahane vAle sajaga praharI ke rUpa meM unakI hI kRtiyoM meM citrAMkita pAte haiM / ve svayaM isa bAta kA ullekha karate hue likhate haiM - "mujhe moha nahIM hai, svapara kA vibhAga ( bhedavijJAna ) hai|" "maiMne moha kI senA jItane kA upAya pA liyA hai|"3 "maiMne moha kI senA para vijaya prApta karane ko kamara kasa lI hai / "4 "aba maiMne ciMtAmaNi ratna prApta kara liyA hai tathApi pramAda cora vidyamAna hai, maha vicArakara merA AmA sAkAra rahatA hai|"5 isa prakAra AcArya amRtacandra ne apanI samasta kRtiyoM meM adhyAtma kI gaMgA pravAhita kara jainadarzana, nyAya tathA adhyAtma aura AcAra ko vimala tathA vikasita karane meM bhAgIrathI prayatna kiyA hai / pradhyAtma jaina darzana kA prANa haiM aura prAcArya amRtacandra kI kRtiyoM usako paripuSTa evaM ciraMjIvI banAye rakhane hetu saMjIvanI samAna haiN| isa prakAra vikATa sAhityika paristhitiyoM ke bIca bhI dRr3hatApUrvaka jana adhyAtma evaM darzana ke maulika siddhAMtoM kI surakSA karate hue, svapara vAlyANakArI sAhitya kI sRSTi kara prAcArya amRtacandra pUrvakAlIna AcArya paramparA ko, tatkAlIna sAhitya va samAja ko tathA AgAmI pIr3hiyoM ke kalyANakArI patha ko Alokita karane meM saphala raheM haiM / pUrvakAlIna rAjanItika paristhitiyoM upayukta sAhityika paristhitiyoM ke prAkalana ke pazcAt AcArya amRtacandra kI pUrva rAjanItika paristhitiyoM para prakAza DAlA jAtA hai| 1. sagrantho'pi ca nigrantho, grAsAhArI ca kevalI / rucirevaMvidhA yatra viparIta hi tatsmRtam / / tattvArthasAra, adhyAya 5 padya 6 2. nAsti me moho'sti svapara vibhaagH| pravacanasAra gAthA 154 TIkA. pR0 250 3. yadya balabdhomayA mohavAhinI vijayogAmaH / pravacanasAra gAthA 50 TIkA, pR0 112 4. ato mayA mohavAhinI cijamAtha bAkakSeyam / vahIM, gAthA 76 TIkA,pR0 110 5. athavaM prAptacitAmaNerapi meM pramAdo dasyuriti jAgarti / pravacanasAra tattvapradIpikA TIkA, gAthA 81, utthAnikA, pR0 113

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26 1 [ prAcArya amRtacandra vyaktitva aura kartRtva kisI bhI deza athavA samAja ke sAhitya para tatkAlIna rAjanItika paristhitiyoM kA prabhAva avazya par3atA hai| samAja meM rahakara sAhitya sAdhanA karane vAle vihAnoM para rAjanItika paristhitiyoM kA prabhAva yadi adhikAMza rUpa meM hotA hai to vanavAsI RSiyoM-muniyoM ke sAhitya para AMzika rUpa meM, parantu prabhAva avazya lakSita hotA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samaya vaizAlI kA rAjavaMza gaNataMtra ke rUpa meM thA parantu rAjagRhA kA rAjavaMza rAjatantra ke rUpa meM vidyamAna thaa| "mahAvIra kI mAtA licchavi gaNatantra ke pradhAna ceTakararAjA kI putrI thIM / I0 pUrva chaThavIM sadI meM pUrvIya bhArata meM licchavi rAjavaMza atyanta zaktizAlI evaM mahAn thA / cammA ke rAjA kUNika (ajAtazatra I0 pUrva 552 se 518 ke bIca) ne ceTaka para AkramaNa karane kI taiyArI kI naba ceTaka ne kAzI-kauzala Adi ke 18 rAjAoM ko bulAkara kuNika ke vipakSa meM samarthana prApta kiyA thA / isase patA calatA hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIra kA rAjagharAnoM para gaharA prabhAva thaa|' rAjA zreNika (I0 pUrva 601-552), nandavaMza ( I0 pUrva 305), mauryasamrATa candragupta (I0 pU0 320), samrATa azoka (I0 pU0 277), samrATa sampati (I. pU0 220), ur3IsA meM cakravartI khAravela (I0 pU0 174) Adi jaina dharma ke upAsaka the| inake kAla meM janadharma kAkI phlaa-phulaa| prophesara rAmasvAmI ayaMgara ne likhA hai ki suzikSita jaina sAdhu choTe-choTe samUha dhanAkara dakSiNa bhArata meM phaila gye| unhoMne dakSiNa kI bhASAoM meM sAhitya nirmANa kara jainadharma kA prabhAva vRddhigata kiyaa| megasthanIja ke vivaraNa se patA calatA hai ki I0 pUrva caturtha zatAbdI taka rAjA loga apanA dUta bhejakara vanavAsI jaina zramaNoM se rAjakIya mAmaloM meM salAha liyA karate the| ve zatAbdiyoM taka jaina dharma ke prati sAhiSNu bane rahe / parantu jainadharma granthoM meM raktapAta ke niSedha para adhika jora diye jAne se rAjA loga unase dUra ho gaye, jisase janoM kA rAjanItika patana prArambha ho gayA / 3 DaoN. esa. bI. deva ne isa bAta kA spaSTollekha kiyA hai ki zakti sampanna gupta sAmrAjya ke aMtargata 1. jainadharma, pRSTha 24 2. vahI, pRSTha 28, 31, 34, 35 va 36 3. sTaDIja ina sAutha iNDiyana jainijma, pRSTha 105-106

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pUrva sAhityika paristhitiyAM ] / 27 pazcimI bhArata, gujarAta evaM rAjapUtAnA jainadharma ke pramukha kendra the / ' I. pUrva 220 meM sampratimaurya ne bhArata ke vibhinna pradezoM meM jainadharma kA pracAra kiyaa| usake choTe bhAI zAlIzuka ne bhI saurASTra meM jaina dharma ko phailAne kA zreya prApta kiyaa| isase yaha bAta pramANita hotI hai ki I. pUrva dvitIya sado ke lagabhaga sampUrNa uttarI bhArata meM janadharma ke anayAyI the / sampratimaurya ne ujjaina ko apanI rAjadhAnI banAyA thA, usa samaya mAlavA, mathurA tathA madhya bhArata meM jainoM kA vizeSa barcasva thaa| isake atirikta kaliMga, baMgAla meM bhI jainadharma kA prabhAva dikhAI detA thaa| pahArapura tAmrapatra jo ki gupta kAla saMvat 156 tathA IsvI 478-76 kA hai, isa bAta kA saMketa karatA hai ki digambaroM kA astitva baMgAla meM thaa| eka lekha meM naMdisaMgha ke AcArya gahanaMdi kA ullekha hai| baMgAla ke hI mainAmatI grAma meM 500 IsvI kI toyaMkara kI mUrtiyA~ prApta huI thiiN| cInI yAtrI ha nasAMga jisane sAtavIM I. meM bhArata kI yAtrA kI thI, ne likhA hai ki nagna nitha munirAja usa samaya adhika saMkhyA meM the / isa prakAra cInI yAtrI ke vivaraNoM, purAtattva tathA jaina anazratiyoM Adi anya aitihya sAdhanoM se patA calatA hai ki AThavIM sadI taka sampUrNa kaliMga deza meM janadharma kI acchI sthiti thii| kavi zroharSa ke naSadha carita se vidita hotA hai ki AThavIM I. sadI meM sindha meM jainadharma accho dazA meM pracalita thA / mUltAnanagara to madhyakAla meM bhI isa pradeza meM janadharma kA pramukha kendra banA rahA / gaur3I pArzvanAtha ko suprasiddha mUrti se sambandhita anuzra tiyA~ bhI prAcInakAla meM sindha meM jainadharma ke astitva kA samarthana karatI haiN| isa taraha jahA~ eka ora I. sAtavIM-pAThavIM sadI meM bhAratavarSa ke adhikAMza bhAgoM meM jainadharma kA pracAra-prasAra evaM prabhAva apane utkarSa para thA, vahIM dUsarI aura rAjanItika rAjAoM ke sarakSaNa evaM samarthana meM bhayaMkara, romAMcakArI atyAcAroM kA bhI sUtrapAta ho cakA thaa| rAjAoM 9. We go 10 Western India and Gujrat, wo steall sce klic stale of Jainism under the powerful Gupta Eropire. It would be better for us Ly> treat Gujrat, Western India and Rajputana separacly 15 they have longbon KILOW LO be uenires of Jainism (Hiytory of Jain Monachim trom Inscription Literature-Page 102.) 2. vahI, pRSTha 67 3. bhAratIya itihAsa, eka dRSTi, pRSTa 164 4. vahI, pRSTa 213

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28 ] / AcArya amRtacandra vyaktitva aura kartRtva - - - meM parivartana prArambha ho gyaa| unakI prAsthA meM jisa mata yA sampradAya kA samarthana kiyA, use hara prakAra se UMcA uThAyA, pracAra kiyA, parantu jisa mata yA sampradAya se unakI prAsthA haTI, usa mata ke anuyAyiyoM ko balapUrvaka mata parivartana karAyA, unakA damana kiyA unheM yAtanAe~ pahucAI, yahA~ taka unako mauta ke ghATa utArA gayA / itihAsa ke saikar3oM pRSTha aise vAtAvaraNa ke varNana se bhare par3e haiN| zrImatI sikleyara sTIveMzana isa sambandha meM likhatI haiM-I. san 640 meM, jaba cInI yAtrI hvenasAMga bhArata AyA taba vaha dakSiNa meM nagna digambara mata ke aneka sAghaoM se milA aura unake sundara maMdiroM kI prazaMsA kii| parantu usakI yAtrA ke pazcAt mahAna parivartana pUrNa abhiyAna prArambha huA / eka jaina rAjA kaNa ne apanA mata parivartana kara sAtavIM sadI ke bIca zaivamata svIkAra kiyaa| arkATa ke tribatara lekha se jJAta hotA hai ki usane apane pUrva sahadharmiyoM ko hajAroM kI saMkhyA meM katla kara diyA, kyoMki ve usakA anukaraNa karane ko taiyAra nahIM the| isa taraha dakSiNa bhArata meM jainamata kA kAphI hrAsa huA / ' idhara uttara bhArata meM bho muslima aAkramaNoM kA zikAra jaina gRhasthoM nathA jainAcAryoM ko bananA pdd'aa| Azcarya nahIM ki uttara bhArata meM musalamAnoM ke vidhvaMsakArI abhiyAna se koI bhI mandira avaziSTa bacA ho| phira bhI jainadharma svayaM hI usa AMdhI meM nahIM bujha pAyA, jisa prAMdhI ne AsAnI se bauddhoM kA bhArata se saphAyA kiyA / uttara bhArata kI bhAMti, dakSiNa bhArata meM malikakAphUra" ke netRtva meM musalima AkramaNa kI laharoM se jaina santoM 1. In A. D. 604 when the Chinese traveller Hiuen 'Isang visited Indiy, toe met numbers of monks belonging to Diyambar (oaked) sealin the south aod admired their beautiful temples. But after his visit, A great prosecution urose. A Jain king, Kuna becaine comverted to Shaivism in the middle of the sevcoth venlury and if we may frest the sculpturce at trivatur in Arcot, siew with the horrible severity thousands of his former co-religionists who refuses to follow his example............. This time the prosperity of Jainisin in tbe South steadily declined. (The Heart of Jainism by Sent, Sinclair Stevenson. Ed. by J. N. Fatauhar. Page-BEdn, 1915) 2. To return to the North, the wonder is not, that any temples Servived the mohaninadaaprosecutions, but that Jainism it self was not extinguished in a storm which sinply swept Buddhism out of India, Ibid - Page 18.

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pUrva sAhityika paristhitiyA~ / [ 26 r-inment ko kaThina samaya kA sAmanA karanA par3A / kaThinAI ke kAraNoM meM brAhmaNoM ke kaI sampradAyoM kI pratidvandatA bhI eka hai / isa pratidvandatA ne jaina santoM kI adhyayana sambandhi paramparAoM (AdatoM) ko asthAyA tora se pAche Dhakela diyA / ukta atyAcAra evaM mAtaMkapUrNa lahara ghIre dhIre vibhinna pradezoM meM phailane lgii| IsvI chaThavIM-sAtavIM sadI meM hI tamiladeza meM; vizeSataH pANyarAjya meM jainoM kA bar3A bhArI rAjanaitika prabhAva thaa| kala bhroM ke prAkramaNa se lekara sundarapAMDya ke dharma parivartana kAla taka jaina loga rAjya kI rAjanIti ke sUtradhAra the| ve vaidika dharma kA kaThoratA se virodha karate the| isane zIghra hI pratikriyA kA rUpa dhAraNa kara liyaa| isalie sundarapANDya kA dharmaparivartana madurA rAjya ke dhArmika itihAsa meM kevala prAsaMgika ghaTanA nahIM thI, balki vaha eka rAjanaitika krAMti thI aura usakA lAbha brAhmaNa saMta sambandara ne khUba uDAyA, jisake phalasvarUpa hajAroM jano ko zaMba banAyA gayA aura jinhoMne apanI kaTTaratAvaza zaiva dharma svIkAra nahIM kiyA unheM deza se nikAla diyA gayA / usakI preraNA se ATha hajAra jainoM ko kolha meM pela diyA gayA, ve sabhI jainadharma ke mAtra anuyAyo hI nahIM, apitu mukhiyA the| sambandara ne kucha bhajana likhe jinameM avicArI janatA ko jainoM ke viruddha bhar3akAyA gayA, unheM gAlI tathA apazabdoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA. unako bure rUpa meM citrita kiyA gyaa| zrI rAmasvAmI AyaMgara ne apanI pustaka "sTaDIja ina sAutha iMDiyana jainijma' meM likhA hai ki yaha sabhI jAnate haiM ki gAliyAM koI yuktiyAM nahIM haiM aura sambandara ke bhajanoM meM gAliyoM ke sivAya aura kucha bhI nahIM hai / isase hameM balAta ho niSkarSa nikAlanA par3atA hai ki sambandara tathA usake sAthI appara ne jainoM ko parAjita karane ke jo jo DhaMga apanAye ve kevala asabhya hI nahIM the kinta Rra bhI the / sambandara pahale jaina thA, pazcAta usane jainadharma kA parityAga karake zavadharma ko apnaayaa| usane nendumArana ko bhI zeva banA liyaa| 9. As in the case of northern India, in the sourb also, with the waves of Muslim aegression under Malik -Kafur, Jain Monks Suced hard dark days. added to wbicb way the rivalary of numerous Brabmanical scats whicli possibly gave a temporary set back to the stucious liebits of Jaine monks. "The History of Jain Monachison from Inscriptions and Literature. (S. B. Dev) page. 453. 2. dakSiNa bhArata meM jainadharma, pRSTa 22

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30 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra vyaktitva aura kartRtva nendumArana ne saMvandara ke sahayoga se pANDyarAjya ke jainiyoM para amAnuSika atyAcAra kiye| jisake dRzya madurA ke prasiddha mInAkSI mandira kI dIvAra ke prastarAMkanoM meM Aja bhI vidyamAna haiM / yadyapi kaDaMga se lekara nendumArana (I0 sAtavIM sadI) ke samaya taka punarutthApita pANDayarAjya kI zakti aura prabhAva batA pA rahA thA / parantu ina dhArmika tathA rAjanaitika atyAcAroM ke kAraNa lagabhaga eka zatAbdI ke lie janadharma kI unnati pichar3a gii| upayukta AtaMkakArI rAjanaitika vAtAvaraNa AcArya amRtacandra ke samaya (I0 662-1015) taka caramotkarSa para thA / phira bhI ve apane upadezoM tathA kRtiyoM meM ahiMsA, satya, pracaurya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha ina pAMcoM vratoM ko yathAzakti pAlana karane kA upadeza dete rahe / unhoMne apane atha "puruSArtha siddhaya pAya" meM ukta pAMcoM siddhAntoM kA savistAra svarUpa prastuta kiyA hai| hajAroM jIvoM ke hatyAre kI bhI hatyA karane ko hiMsA siddha kara hatyAre ko bhI mArane kA niSedha kiyaa| ve likhate haiM ki isa eka hI jIva kA ghAta karane se bahuta jIvoM kI rakSA hotI hai "aisA mAnakara hiMsaka jIvoM ko bhI hisA nahIM karanA cAhiye / jainAcAryoM ke upadezoM meM udAtta tathA prANImAtra ke kalyANa kI zreSTha bhAvanA nihita rahI hai, isIlie aise viSama, saMkaTApanna vAtAvaraNa meM bhI ve sAtvika (ahiMsaka yA bhadra) jIvoM ke sAtha mitratA karane, guNavAnoM se prema karane, dukhI prANiyoM para dayA karane tathA virodhI (AtaMkavAdI) janoM ke prati bhI mAdhyastha bhAva rakhane kI bhAvanA bhAte the tathA usI kA pracAra prasAra karate the| isa saMdarbha meM DA. jyotiprasAda jaina likhate haiM ki zaMva-vaiSNava prAdi dvArA kAla vizeSoM aura pradeza vizeSoM meM janoM para bhISaNa atyAcAra kiye jAne para bhI aura svayaM janoM ke isa yuga meM itanA adhika zakti 1. bhAratIya itihAma, eka dRSTi, pR0 247 2. rakSA bhavati bahUnAmekalpa vAsya jIvaharaNena / ___ iti matvA kanna nyaM na hiMsanaM hitamattvAnAm // 3 // puruSArtha siddha yupAya / / 3. satveSu maMtroM, guNISu pramodaM, kliSTeSu jIveSu kRpAparasvaM / mAdhyasthabhAvaM viparItavattI, sadA mamAtmA vidadhAtu devaH / / / / kRta sAmAyika pATha, "zrI jinastotra va pUjanasaMgraha, saMkalayitAhIrAlAla chaganalAla kAle, solApura, vI, ni. saM0 2400

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pUrva sAhityika paristhitiyA~ ] 31 sampanna hote hue bhI unake dvArA arjanoM para dhArmika pratyAcAra kiye jAne kA koI pramANa nahIM miltaa| sAtha hI jainadharma apane anuyAyiyoM ke laukika kartavyoM, vIratApUrvaka yuddhasaMcAlana, svadezaprema, svarAjya rakSA evaM vistAra, zAsana prabaMdha Adi meM bAdhaka to kabhI huA hI nahIM, sAdhaka hI huaa| jaina vidvAnoM ne bhAratI kA bhaNDAra bharA aura jainakalAkAroM ne advitIya kRtiyoM se deza ko alaMkRta kiyaa| apane isa abhyudaya kAla meM jaina saMskRti ne bhAratIya saMskRti kA sarvatomukhI vikAsa kiyA / zrAcArya amRtacandra bhI aise hI agraNI AcAryoM meM agragaNya haiM jinhoMne bhAratIya saMskRta vAGmaya kI vibhinna dhArAoM ko apanI maulika kRtiyoM tathA TIkAoM dvArA sampuSTa, sambaddhita evaM samRddha kiyA hai| sAtha hI unhoMne pUrvakAlIna tathA tatkAlIna dhArmika, sAhityika aura rAjanItika vikaTa-viSamavAtAvaraNa meM bhI jainadarzana, jananyASa, janaadhyAtma aura jainAcAra viSayaka vibhinna dhArAoM kA bhalI bhAMti saMrakSaNa tathA sambarddhana kiyA hai| eka ora jahAM unhoMne vipula vAGamaya kI sRSTi tathA svaparakalyANakArI AtmasAdhanA kI, vahIM dUsarI ora patanonmukha, utpor3ita tathA dizAhIna samAja ko mArgadarzana, saMrakSaNa evaM dizA pradAna kii| jahAM tathokta dUSita vAtAvaraNa meM apanA hI jIvana surakSita vyatIta karanA bhI kaThina hotA hai, vahAM pradUSita vAtAvaraNa ko pariSkRta karanA tathA jJAnaprakAza phailAkara samAja kA hita karanA atyanta duSkara kArya hai, parantu AcArya amRtacandra ke apane himAlaya sadRza aDiMga vyaktitva tathA gaMgAsadRza pavitra zAMtidAyaka kartRtva dvArA kaThina evaM duSkara kArya bhI sugama evaM sukara ho gyaa| unake tathokta vyaktitva kA paricaya AgAmI pradhyAyoM meM kiyA jA rahA hai| 1. bhAratIya itihAsa eka dRSTi

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dvitIya adhyAya jIvana paricaya samaya AdhyAtmika vidvAnoM meM bhagavat kundakundAcArya ke bAda yadi kisI kA nAma liyA jA sakatA hai, to ye haiM AcArya amRtcndr| Alaukika tathA AdhyAtmika jIvana jIne vAle prAcArya amRtacandra ne apane sambandha meM kahIM kucha bhI laukika paricaya nahIM diyA hai, jisase ki unake samaya Adi kA jJAna kiyA jA ske| unhoMne apanI samasta kRtiyoM meM apane nilipta svabhAva ko hI prakaTa kiyA hai, isIlie vidvAnoM ko unake samaya ko nirNIta karane meM asuvidhA hotI rahI hai| yahA~ para adyAvadhi upalabdha vibhinna srotoM ke AdhAra para AcArya amRtacandra ke samaya kA nirdhAraNa kiyA jA rahA hai| vikrama saMvat 1200 meM paMDita AzAdharajI ne "anagAradharmAmRta" nAmaka apane grantha para eka "bhavyakUmadacandrikA" nAma kI TIkA rcii|' isameM paM0 AzAdharajI ne AcArya amRtacandra ke nAma kA ullekha kiyA hai| sAtha hI unheM "ThakkUra" pada se vibhUSita bhI kiyA hai| ukta TIkA meM paM0 AzAgharajI ne prAcArya amRtacandra kRta samayasAra kalaza ke 14 kalaza, puruSArthasiddhayapAya ke 16 padya, tattvArthasAra kA eka 1. zainasAhitya aura itihAsa, paM. nAthUrAma "premI", saMskaraNa prathama, 1942 pRSTha 458 2. anagAra tharmAmRta, paM0 prAzAyara e0 (588) "etacca vistareNa ThakkurAmRta candraviracita samavasAra TIkAmAM draSTavyam / " tathA pR0 160 para / 'etadanusAreNaiva Thakkuro'pIdampATot" likhakara--amuttacandra ke puraSArthasiyupAya kA "loka zAstrAbhAse..........."prAdi padya uddhRta kiyA hai / 3. "mamayasAra kalaza" kra. 24, 110, 111, 131, 164, 205, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 226, 230 tathA 231 (kula 14 kaalsh)| 4. puruSArthasiddhayupAya ke padya kra0 26 se 30 taka, 32, 33, 34 42, 48, 46, 66, 111 se 114 takaH, 211, 220 tathA 225 (kula 16 padya) /

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jIvana paricaya ] padya tathA pravacanasAra kI tatvapradIpikA TIkA kA eka zloka uddharaNa tathA pramANa ke rUpa meM prastuta kiyA hai| itanA hI nahIM, unhoMne kaI zloka amRtacandra ke puruSArtha siddhyupAya tathA samayasAra kalaza se lekara unameM mAtra kucha zAbdika parivartana karake apane grantha anagAra dharmAmRta meM prastuta kiye haiN| ina parivartita zlokoM ke bhAvArtha meM koI bhI parivartana dikhAI nahIM detaa| isase yaha bAta nissadeha nirNIta hotI hai ki AcArya amRtapAna kaH kRniSoM kA astitva vinAma kI terahavIM sado ke utarArddha meM thA AcArya amRtacandra kI kRtiyoM ke lagabhaga arddha zatAbdI pUrva meM amRtacandra kA astitva mAnane meM koI Apatti pratIta nahIM hotI, ata: ukta AdhAra para prAcArya amRtacandra kA samaya vikrama kI terahavIM sadI kA pUrvArtha nizcita hotA hai / prAcArya jayasena (chaThaveM) kundakundAcArya ke granthoM ke TIkAkAroM meM prAcArya amRtacandra ke pazcAtvartI mAne gaye haiN| unakA samaya 1262 se 1323 I. (athavA 1346 se 1387 vikrama saMvat) kA mAnA gayA hai| AcArya jayasena ne apanI TIkAoM meM AcArya amatacandra ko TokAoM phA anukaraNa hI nahIM, apitu unakI kRtiyoM ke aMzoM ko pramANa rUpa meM udadhuta bhI kiyA hai| samayasAra kI tAtparyavRtti nAmaka TokA meM jayasena ne amRtacandra kI samayasAra kalaza TIkA ke sAta padyoM ko uddhRta kiyA hai / isase bhI yaha bAta svayameva pramANita hotI hai ki prAcArya amRtacandra ke granthoM evaM TIkAoM kA pracAra-prasAra jayasenAcArya ke pUrva ho ho cukA thA tathA granthoM evaM TIkAoM kI racanA ke lagabhaga 30-40 varSa pUrva prAcArya - a s - withis : 1. tattvArthasAra, adhyAya prathama, padya naM. 51 (4) tatvadIpikA, caraNAnuyoga likA, padya kra. 13, 2. tulanA kIjiye--"anagAra dharmAbhUta ke padya 106, 101, 102, 110, 111 prathama adhyAya / padya ka0 26 tathA 28 caturtha adhyAya, padya R0 81 SaSTha adhyAya, ko kramazaH puruSArtha siddhadha pAya ke paca naM0 5,10 samayasAra kalaza ke kalaza naM0 5 tathA 210, pu. zi. 212, sa. sA. ka. 120, pu. si. 44, 49 tathA 42 ke saath| 3. jainendra siddhAnta koza, bhAga prathama, pR0 336 tathA bhAga dvitIya pR0 324 4, samayasAra tAraparyana tti meM 'uktaM ca' likhakara samayasAra kalaza ke padya naM0 68, 69, 131, 183, 235, 236, tathA 247 (kula 7 padya) uddhRta haiM / :, - .

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34 ] / bhAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva amRtacandra vidyamAna rahe hoMga, isa prAdhAra para bhI AcArya amRtacandra kA kAla vikrama kI terahavIM sadI kA pUrvArdha yA uttarArdha mAnA jA sakatA hai| DA. e. ena. upAdhye ne bhI pravacanasAra kI prastAvanA meM ukta anamAna kI puSTi kI hai|' AcArya rAmasena kRta tattvAnazAsana nAmaka grantha kA upayoga paM0 AzAdharajI ne apane grantha iSTopadeza kI TIkA meM kiyA hai / kahIMkahIM rAmasenAcArya ke nAmollekha ke sAtha hI tattvAnazAsana ke kaI padyoM kA ullekha bhI kiyA hai| pa0 pAzAdharajo iSTopadeza ke TIkAkAra hueisakA ullekha unhoMne svayaM vikrama saMvat 1285 meM likhita 'jinayajJakalpa' kI prazasti meM kiyA hai / isase rAmasena ke tatvAnazAsana kI vidyamAnatA vi0 saM0 1285 ke pUrva siddha hotI hai / ' tattvAnuzAsana para prAcArya amRtacandra ke tattvArthasAra tathA samayasAra Adi TIkAoM kA prabhAva dikhAI detA hai| rAmasena ne amRtacandra kI yuktipurassara zailI, nizcaya. vyavahAra kathanazailI tathA tAtvikatA kA anusaraNa bhI kiyA hai| udAharaNArtha--nizcaya-vyavahAra ke bheda se mokSamArga kA do prakAra se nirUpaNa tathA unameM sAdhya sAdhanatA spaSTa karane hetu amRtacandra ne jina zabdoM dvArA abhivyakti kI hai, lagabhaga unhIM zabdoM ko rAmasena' ne bhI apanAyA hai - yathA "nizcayavyavahArAbhyAM mokSamAgoM dvidhAsmRtaH / " tabA'dyaH sAdhyarUpaH syAda dvitIyastasya sAdhanam / / // 2 // "tattvArthasAra" upasaMhAra, || mokSa hetupu nadhA nizcayAd vyavahArataH / tatrA''yaH sAdhya rUpaH syAd dvitIyastasya sAdhanam / / // 2 // "tattvAnuzAsana", // isI prakAra tattvArthasAra ke padya kra. 7 tathA + aura samayasAra kalaza 210 ke AdhAra para kicit zAbdika parivartana kara tattvAnazAsana -... 1, pravacanasAra, prastAvanA (aMgrejI meM) pRSTha 66 2. tattvAnuzAsana, pra0 pRSTha 17 lekhaka paNDita jugana kizora mustAra, prakAzana saM. 2020 3. tatvAnuzAsana, pra0 pRSTha 33

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pUrvakAlIna paristhitiyA~ ] [ 35 ke kramazaH 4, 5, tathA 26veM padyoM kI racanA kI hai| isase spaSTa hotA hai ki rAmasena ke lavAnuzAsata vi. saM. 1285 ke pUrva hI AcArya amRtacandra evaM unakI kRtiyAM vidyamAna thIM isalie ukta AdhAra para AcArya amRtacandra vikrama kI bArahavIM sadI ke pUrvArdha ke hI Thaharate haiM usake bAda ke nahIM / padmaprabhamaladhArIdeva ne kundakunda kRta niyamasAra grantha kI atyanta gambhIra AdhyAtmika TIkA kI hai| inakA samaya vikrama saMvata 1167 se 1232 (arthAt IsvI 1140 se 1185 ) hai | niyamasAra kI tAtparyavRtti nAmaka isa TIkA meM "padmaprabhamalaghArIdeva" ne AcArya amRtacandra kI TIkAzailI ko jyoM kA tyoM apanAyA hai| pramRtacandra apanI TIkAtroM kA prAraMbha "athasUtrAvatAraH " zabda se karate haiM, isI kA anukaraNa padmaprabhamaladhArIdeva ne kiyA hai| utthAnikA likhakara TIkArambha karane kI paddhati ko bhI jyoM kA tyoM apanAyA hai / itanA hI nahIM, unhoMne apanI TIkA meM amRtacandra ke samayasAra kalaza ke 17 tathA pravacanasAra tattvapradIpikA TIkA ke 4 padyoM ko uddharaNa ( pramANa ) rUpa meM prastuta kiyA hai| 1. upAdeyatayAjIco'jIvo devatayoditaH / heyasyasminnupAdAna hetunA'caH smRtaH // 7 // tattvArthasAra // saMbarI nirjarA yahAnahetu tathodito heya prahAraNarUpeNa mokSoM jIvasya darzitaH // 8 // tatvArthasAra || baMgho nibaMdhanaM cAsya heyamityupadazitam / heyasyA'zeSa duHkhasya yasmAdubaujamidedvayam // 4 // tavAnuzAsana || mokSastatkAraNaM caitadupAdeyamudAh tam / upAdeyaM sukhaM yasmAdAvirbhaviSyati / / 5 / / tattvAnuzAsana // vyavahArikadRzaiva kevalaM kartuM karma ca vibhinna miSyate / nizcayena yadi vastu cintyate kartRkarma ca sarda kamiSyate / / 210 // sa.sA.ka. bhinna kartRkarmAdi viSayoM nizcayo namaH / vyavahAranayo bhinna kartuM karmAdi gocaraH // 26 // tavAnuzAsana // 2. jainendra siddhAMtakoza, bhAga tRtIya, pR. 10 P 3. samayasAra kalaza ke kalaza kra. 5,11,24,35,26,44,60,104,131, 138 185, 187, 186, 122,227,228 tathA 244 ( kula 17 kalaza), tayA pravacanasAra tattvapradIpikA ke - 4, 5, 8 tathA 12 ( kula 4 zloka )

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36 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartuM tva isase yaha siddha hai ki prAcArya amRtacandra evaM unakI kRtiyoM kA astitva padmaprabhamalaghArIdeva ke kAla vikrama saM0 1232 ke lagabhaga arddha zatAbdI pUrva avazya rahA hogA, ataH amRtacandra kA samaya terahavIM sadA vikrama kA kA prArambha athavA bArahavIM kA uttarArddha anumAnita hotA hai / AcArya zubhacandra ne apane "jJAnArNava' (pR. 165 ) meM amRtacandra kI puruSArtha siddhaya pAya kA "mithyAtvavedarA prAdi (116 vAM) padya "uktaM ca" rUpa se uddhRta kiyA hai ataH amRtacandra se pUrvavartI honA spaSTa hai | zubhacandra ke jJAnarNava kA eka zloka' padmaprabhamalaghArI deva ne kI ThIka lapta kiyA hai| svargIya nAthUrAma premI ne padmaprabha kA samaya vikrama kI bArahavIM kA aMta tathA terahavIM sadI kA AraMbha batAyA hai tathA zubhacandra ke jJAnArNava kA racanAkAla vikrama kI 11-12 vIM sadI anumAna kiyA hai isalie AcArya amRtacandra kA samaya vikrama kI bArahavIM sadI ke pUrvArdha yA uttarArdhaM se bAda kA nahIM mAnA jA sakatA d AcArya padmanaMdi (naM. 5 ) ne "padmanaMdipaMcavizati" nAmaka graMtha kI racanA kI hai padmanaMdi ke dIkSAguru vIranaMdi tathA zikSA guru jJAnArNava ke karttA zubhacandrAcArya the| padmanaMdipaMcavizati ke ekasvasaptati adhikAra kI TIkA vikrama saMvat 1163 ko upalabdha hai, ataH padmanaMdi kA samaya vikrama 1073 se 1163 ke bIca mAnA gayA hai|" unhoMne apane graMtha meM AcArya amRtacandra ke graMthoM se zabda evaM bhAvagrahaNa kara use yatkiMcit parivartana ke sAtha prastuta kiyA hai| unake graMtha meM amRtacandra ke graMthoM kA prabhAva pada pada para dRSTigocara hotA hai / udAharaNArtha amRtacandrasUri ne 1. jJAnArNava (dharma dhyAna kA phala ) sa 41, paca 4. 2. niyamasAra TIkA, gA. 6 pRSTha 168. 3. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, prathama saMskaraNa, pR. 458 (zAnA va grantha kare prastAvanA meM zubhacandra ko rAjA muMja kA samakAlIna batAyA hai| muraMja kA samaya vikrama 1050 ke lagabhaga thA / ataH amRtacandra zubhacandra se bhI ardhazataka pUrva meM hue hogeM / isa AdhAra para ve dasavIM vikrama sadI ke uttarArdha yA grahavIM ke pUrvA ke Thaharate haiM / ) ( jAnA va pRSTha 15 - 16 ) 4. jainendra siddhAMtakoza bhAga tRtIya, pRSTha 10 5. padmanaMdipaMcaviMzatiH, pra. pRSTha 31 5 E

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jIvana paricaya ] [ 37 apane pratha puruSArthasiddha pAya meM vyavahAra naya kA prayojana spaSTa karate hue likhA hai : : anupa ghoSanArthaM na deyaM / vyavahArameva kevalamavaiti yastasya dezanA nAsti // 6 // padmanaMdi ne bhI apane graMtha padmanaMdipaMcavizati meM upayukta padya ke zabdoM evaM bhAvoM kA anukaraNa karate hue likhA hai : vyavahRtirabodhajana bodhanAya, karmakSayAya zuddhayaH / svAyaM mumukSurahamiti vakSye tadAzritaM kiMcit / / 605 / / 7 , isI prakAra amRtacandra ne samayasAra kalaza meM "virama kimapareNAkArya kolAhalena "" ityAdi pazca dvArA samasta prakAra ke kolAhala baMdakara Asmopalabdhi hetu svayaM ekAgra hokara prayAsa karane kI preraNA dii| isI kA anukaraNa karate hue padmanaMdi ne bhI padmanaMdipaMcavizati meM " nizce tavyo 'vadata kimapareNAlakolAhalena ityAdi padya racanA kara samasta prakAra ke kolAhala se haTha kara jinendra vacanoM kI pratItikara AtmAnubhavarUpa samyagjJAna kI prApti hetu premapUrvaka prayatna karane kI preraNA dI hai| isa prakAra anyatra kaI sthaloM para padmanaMdi ne amRtacandra kI kRtiyoM kA anukaraNa kiyA hai| paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI ne likhA hai ki amRtacasUri ne padmanaMdi ko bhI adhyAtma kI aura AkRSTa kiyA / padmanaMdipaMcavizatiH H kA nizcaya paMcAzat nAmaka 62 zlokoM kA prakaraNa samayasAra tathA AtmakhyAti TIkA ke AdhAra para racA hai| isase siddha hai ki AcArya padmanaMdi ke samakSa amRtacandra kI kRtiyAM vidyamAna thii| ataH padmanaMdi ke samaya se ardhazatAbdI pUrva amRtacandra avazya raheM hoNge| padmanaMdi kA samaya vikrama 1073 se 1163 hai / isa AdhAra para zrAcArya amRtacandra . 712 1. samayasAra kalaza kra. 34 ( ajIvAdhikAra ) 2. padmanaMdipaMcavizatiH padya R. 128 "dharmopadezAmRtam' adhikAra / 3. amRtacandrakRta samayasAra kalaza 34, 154,200,278, tathA puruSArtha siddha pAya paca kra. 4, 5, 6, ko kramazaH padmanaMdipaMcavizati ke padma kra. 144,63,361, 65 tathA 606,608,605 se tulanA karane para spaSTa hotA hai ki padmanaMdi amRtacandra ke hI zabdoM aura bhAvoM ko jyoM kA tyoM athavA kicit zabda parivartana kara prastuta kiyA hai| 4. jainasAhitya kA itihAsa, bhAga 2, pRSTha 160

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3 ] [ prAcArya amRtacandra vyaktitva aura karta,ttva kA samaya bArahavI vikrama sadI kA pUrvArSa mAnane meM koI prApatti pratIta nahIM hotI hai| prAcArya jayasena naM. 4 lAibAgar3a saMgha kI gubali ke anusAra bhAvasena ke ziSya tathA brahmasena ke guru the| inakA samaya vikrama saMvat 1055 se 1078 hai| jayasena ne dharmaratnAkara nAmaka graMtha kI racanA kii| dharmaratnAkara kI eka prati ailaka pannAlAla digambara jaina sarasvatI bhavana byAvara ke zAstrabhaNDAra meM upalabdha hai| isa prati meM natha kA racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1055 diyA hai / paNDita paramAnanda zAstrI ne eka lekha dvArA yaha sUcita kiyA thA ki jayasena ke dharmaratnAkara meM AcArya amRtacandra ke puruSArthasiddhaya pAya ke 56 zloka uddhRta haiM, parantu ukta donoM prathoM se milAna karane para jJAta huA ki puruSArthasiddhaya pAya ke 125 zloka dharmaratnAkara meM uddhata haiN| pU. si. meM kula zloka saMkhyA 226 hai| isase spaSTa hotA hai ki jayasena ne isa grantha kA Adhe se adhika bhAga apane grantha meM jyoM kA tyoM udadhuta kara diyaa| sAtha hI yaha bAta bhI siddha ho jAtI hai ki dharma ratnAkara kI racanA ke pUrva amRtacandra kA yaha grantha vidyamAna thaa| usase bhI pahale AcArya amRtacandra rahe hoNge| isa AdhAra se amRta candra kA samaya gyArahavIM vikrama sadI kA prArambha athavA pUrvArdha hI ThaharatA hai / prAcArya amitagati dvitIya amitagati prathama ke praziSya tathA mAghabasena ke ziSya the| yaha bAta unake hI svaracita grantha 'subhASitaranasaMdoha kI prazasti meM pradatta muli se jJAta hotA hai| Apa rAjA muMja ke rAjya kAla meM vidyamAna the| aApake anya granthoM meM dharmaparokSA, sAmAyikapATha tathA zrAvakAcAra mukhya haiN| ApakA samaya vikrama saMvat 1050 se 1078 nizcita hai| amitagati ne apanA zrAvakAcAra dharmaralAkara ke samaya vi. 1055 ke lagabhaga racA hai / " isa zrAvakAcAra para 1. janendra siddhAMta koza bhAga, 2 1STa 324 2. jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa, bhAga 2 pRSTha 176 3. anekAnta, varSa , pRSTha 153-175 tathA 200-203 4. janendra siddhAnta koza, prathama bhAga, pRSTha 136 5. jana sAhitya kA itihAsa bhAga 2, pRSTha 180

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ris jIvana paricaya ] h ma. ..... prAcArya prabhutacandra kA prabhAva spaSTataH pragaTa hotA hai / isake kucha pramANa isa prakAra hai :-- 1. prAcArya amRtacandra ne puruSArthasiddhaya pAya meM pAMca udumbara phaloM tathA tIna makAroM ko tyAjya batalAkara ahiMsANuvrata kI puSTi ke lie rAtribhojana tyAga para jora diyaa| prAcArya amitagati ne bhI zrAvakAcAra meM upayaMkta nirUpaNa ko jyoM kA tyoM prastuta kiyA / 2. purUSArthasiddhyupAya meM madya meM bahuta se sajIvoM kI utpatti batalAne vAle tathA madha ke lie "saraka" zabda kA prayoga karane vAle kathana ko amitagati ne bhI apane prAvakAcAra meM grahaNa kiyA hai| 3. amRtacandra ne "prANidhAta binA mAMsotpatti saMbhava nahIM "batalAkara usake sevana kA niSedha kiyaa| pAMca udumbara, tIna makAra ke tyAgI ko hI jinadharma kI dezanA kA pAtra batAyA jIvoM ke ghAtaka hiMsaka) kI hiMsA karane kA bhI niSedha kiyA, sukhI jIva ko mArane kA bhI niSedha kiyA / asatya ke cAra bheda evaM unake svarUpa kA kathana kiyA, ghana ko bAhya prANoM kI saMjJA dI tathA niraticAra bratI puruSArtha siddhi ko pAtA hai ityAdi nirUpaNa kiye / ina sabhI ko amitagati ne bhI jyoM kA tyoM apanAkara apane zrAvakAcAra meM / prastuta kiyaa| isase siddha hotA hai ki amitagati ke samakSa amRtacandra kI kRti puruSArthasiddhayapAya vidyamAna thI / amRtacandra amitamati se pUrvavartI vidvAt the ata: amRtacandra kA samaya nissaMdeha vinAma kI gyArahavIM sadI kA prArambha athavA dazavI kA uttarArddha nizcita hotA hai| .. 1. puruSArthasiddhaya pAya, zloka 61 tathA 126 2. amitagatikRta zrAvakAcAra, paJcama pariccheda padya 1 tathA 40 se 42 3. puruSArthasiddhayupAya, ghaloka, 63 tathA 64 / 4. amitagatikRta thAvakAcAra, paMcama pariccheda, padya 6 5. puruSArthasiddhayupAya, zloka 65, 74, 83, 16, 12 se 18 taka, 103, 166, 6. amitagatikRta zrAvakAcAra, paMcama pariccheda, padya 14, 73 SaSTha pariccheda, padma 33, 40, 45 se 15 taka, tathA 61 saptama pariccheda 17 vAM padya /

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40 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRttva muni rAmasiMha ne "dohApAr3a" aparanAma "pAhur3adohA' nAmaka graMtha racanA kii| umameM devasenakRta sAvayadhammadohA ke kramAMka 30 tathA 126 veM padyoM ko uddhRta kiyA hai / devasena kA samaya vikrama saMvata 150 se 1000 ke bIca kA hai| munirAmasiha ke dohApAhuDa se eka gAthA naM. 68 amRta candra ne apanI paMcAstikAya TIkA meM gAthA 146 kI vyAkhyA meM "tathA coktam" zabda ke sAtha uddhata kI hai| isase siddha hotA hai ki devasena ke pazcAt rAmasiMha tathA rAmasiMha ke bAda AcArya amRtacandra hue / ataH amatacandra kA samaya dasavIM vikrama sadI kA uttarArdha yA gyArahavIM vikrama sadI kA prAraMbha mAnA jA sakatA hai| isakI puSTi paM0 kailAzacandra zAstrI ke lekha se bhI hotI hai| zaucAla putra diiva ke saMsthata , paMjasaMgraha paMtha kI racanA kii| amitagati AcArya (1050-1078 vikrama saMvat ) ne bhI saMskRta meM paMcasaMgraha graMtha racA / inakI racanA vikrama saMvat 1073 meM pUrNa huI thii| DaD DhA amitagati se pUrva ke vidvAn haiM prataH unakA samaya 1055 vikrama mAnA gayA hai| DaDDhA ne apane paMcasaMgraha ke prakRtisamutkortana adhikAra meM (pRSTha 674 para) uktaJca" rUpa meM eka zloka uddhata kiyA hai jo amRtacandra ke tattvArthasAra ke bandhAdhikAra kA gyArahavAM zloka hai| isase spaSTa hai ki huDDhA ke samaya meM amRtacandra kA tattvArthasAra vidyamAna thA ataH usase bhI lagabhaga ardhazatAbdI pUrva amRtacandra hue, isalie unakA samaya vikrama kI dasavIM sadI kA uttarAI nizcita hotA hai| somadeva ne "yazastilaka" nAmaka campukAdhya kI racanA vikrama saMvat 116 meM kI, isakI jAnakArI graMtha ke anta meM pradatta prazasti se prApta hotI hai / paM. kailAza candra zAstrI ne eka lekha dvArA yaha prakaTa 1. jaina nAhitya kA itihAsa, bhAga 2, pRSTha 153 2. jainendra siddhAMta koza, bhAga 2, pRSTa 446. 3. jaina saMdeza, zodhAMka naM0 5, pRSTha 180 (22 akTUbara 1656). 4. rAjasthAna kA jaina sAhitya, pRSTha 17-68 5. jaina saMdeza, zoghAMka 26 pR. 65 (26 pharavarI, 68) lekha-. kailAzacandra zAstrI 6. jaina gaMdeza, zodhAMka 32, pRSTha 334 tathA yazastilaka campumahAkAvya uttarArgha pRSTha 181 7. jaina saMdeza, zodhAMka 16, paSTha 181

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jIvana paricaya ] [ 41 kiyA hai ki navamI zatAbdI ke prArambha tathA dasavIM zatAbdI ke pUrvArdha meM hue somadeva ke pUrvaja graMthakAroM meM puruSArthasiddhayupAya ke racayitA amRtacandra bhI ullekhanIya hai / isase amRtacandra kA samaya vikrama ko dasavIM sadA kA pUrvArdha ke lagabhaga nizcita hotA hai| __ amityAdi prama (ogasAra cAhI). miga didIya zrAvakAcAra, subhASita ratnasaMdoha Adi ke kartA se do pIr3hI pUrva ke vidvAna the unake yogasAra para bhI amRtacandra ke tattvArthasAra evaM samayasArAdi ko TIkAoM kA prabhAva lakSita hotA hai| subhASi ratnasaMdoha kI prazasti ke anusAra amitagati prathama kA samaya vikrama saMvat 675 se 1025 nirNIta hai| isa prAdhAra se amitagati prathama ke pUrvavartI AcArya amRtacandra kA samaya vikrama kI dasavIM sadI pUrvArdha hI ThaharatA hai| DA. e. ena. upAdhye ne amRtacandra ko devasenAcArya (vikrama saMvat 6E0) kI AlApapaddhati nAmaka kRti se paricita mAnA hai| unhoMne amRtacandra' kA samaya I. kI dasavI sadI kI samApti ke lagabhaga mAnA hai ataH unakA vaisA anumAna anucita nahIM hai, parantu jaba IsA kI dasavIM sadI ke anta meM hue grathakaroM ke dvArA amRtacandra ke puruSArtha siddhayupAya se uddharaNa liye jAne tathA usakA anusaraNa kiye jAne kI bAta nissaMdeha hai, taba yaha bhI nizcita hotA hai ki amRtacandra usase pUrva meM hue haiN| aisI sthiti meM amRtacandra kA AlApapaddhati se paricita honA vicAraNIya hai / paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI kA abhimata hai ki devasena hI amRtacandra kI TIkAoM se paricita jAna par3hate haiM, kAraNa ki amRtacandra dvArA kundakundAcArya kI bhAMti vyAthika-paryAyArthika, zuddhanama-azuddhanaya, nizcaya vyavahAra ityAdi mukhya bhedoM kA ullekha huA hai kintu unake prabhedoM kA kahIM ullekha nahIM humaa| jayasenAcArya dvArA avazya bheda-pramedoM kA nirUpaNa huA hai| jayasena to AlApapaddhatikAra ke bAda ke hai parantu amutacandra nahIM / devasena kI AlApapaddhati meM nizcaya-zyavahAra naya ke bheda-prabhedoM kA jo varNana hai, vaha amRtacandrAcArya dvArA samayasAra kI TIkA meM pratipAdita tattvavyavasthA 1. tattvAnuzAsana, prastAvanA puSTha 33-34 lekha paM. jugala kizora mukhtAra, vIrasevA mandira TrasTa prakAzana, disaMbara 1663 2. jainendra siddhAMta koza, bhAga / , pRSTha 136. 3. jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa, bhAga 2, pRSTha 183.

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42 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra vyaktitva evaM kartRttva ke AdhAra para huA hai| usase pahale ke kisI bhI graMtha meM una bheda-prabhedoM kA kathana nahIM miltaa| jinameM milatA haiM ve sabhI AlApaddhati ke bAda ke hai| isa prakAra amRtacandra devasena ke pUrvavartI hone se, vikrama kI dasava sadI ke pUrvArdha ke lagabhaga samaya ke siddha hote hai / " jaina siddhAMtabhAskara ( dI jaina enTIkverI ) patrikA ke eka ullekha meM nemicandra siddhAMtacakravartI tathA AcArya zramRtacandra ko vikrama kI dasavIM sadI kA hI ghoSita kiyA gayA hai| DA. e. ena. upAdhye ne bhI amRtacandra kodasavIM IsA zatAbdo kA svIkArA hai / 3 DA. upAdhye ke ukta samaya kA samarthana DA. mohana lAla mehatA tathA phophesara hIrAlAla ra kApar3iyA ne bhI kiyA hai| * suprasiddha vidvAna svargIya paM. nAthUrAma premI ne puruSArtha siddhayupAya kI prastAvanA meM AcArya amRtacandra ke samaya ke saMbaMdha meM spaSTa likhA hai ki AcArya paTTAvaliyoM tathA pAzcAtya vidvAnoM kI riporTa dekhane se jJAta hotA hai ki puruSArthasiddhayupAya ke kartA amRtacandrasUri vikrama saMvat 162 meM jIvita the / paM. nAthUrAma premI ke uparyukta abhimata kA samarthana sva. paM. jugala kizora mukhtAra, sva. paM. milApacandra kaTAriyA, sva. DA. hIrAlAla paM. munnAlAla rAdhelIya, paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI, DA. paM. pannAlAla sAhityAcArya Adi ne bhI kiyA hai| sAtha hI paTTAvali meM upalabdha amRtacandra ke paTTArohaNa kA samaya vikrama saM. 962 ucita ThaharAyA hai| 1. jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa, bhAga 2, pRSTha 185 2. jaina siddhAMta bhAskara, (The jain antiquiry ) bhAga 3, kiraNa 2, pRSTha 44 (vi. saM. 1693 / sitambara, 1636) 3. pravacanasAra prastAvanA ( aMgrejI), pRSTha 66. saMskaraNa tRtIya / 4. jaina sAhitya kA vRhaitihAsa, bhAga 4, 5, 150 DA. mehatA tathA pro. kApar3iyA / prakAzakanpArzvanAthavidyAzrama, zoca saMsthAna, banArasa-5 san 1968 5. Peterson's Report XLIX -A Vol. No 18 Royal Asiatic Society, Bombay. 6. puruSArtha siddhayupAya prastAvanA, pRSTha 4 paM. nAthUrAma premI, prakAzaka rAmacandra jaM. zA. 1. bI. ni. saM. 2431, di. 25-12-1604 7. bhAratIya saMskRti meM jainadharma kA yogadAna, pRSTha 84 pa. pu0 si0 padyAnuvAda evaM bhAvaprakAzinI bhASA TIkA, pRSTha 10 6. tatvArthasAra, prAkkathana, dRSTa 7

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jIvana paricaya / / 43 (kembrija vizvavidyAlaya ke prophesara epha. DablyU. thAmasa landana ne bhI amRtacandra ke paTTArohaNa ke ukta kAla ko hI ucita mAnA hai|' isa prakAra AcArya amRtacandra ke samaya para vicAra karate hue unakI samayAvadhi ko vikrama kI terahavIM sadI ke anta se saMkocakara vikrama saM. 662 se 1015 ke bIca taka lAkara sthira kiyA gyaa| vikrama saMvata 662 ke pUrva ke pramANoM ke abhAva hone se ukta sImA ko aura adhika saMkucita nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| isa bAta ke pramANa avazya upalabdha hote haiM ki amRtacandra ne svayaM apane pUrvavartI AcAryoM meM vikrama kI AThavIM sadI taka ke AcAryoM kA anukaraNa kiyA hai| aise AcAryoM meM yahA~ prAcArya akalaMka kA ullekha karanA ucita hai / AcArya amRtacandra ne prakalaM kasvAmI kA anukaraNa ho nahIM, apitu unake bhASya tattvArtha rAjavAtika kA apane natha tattvArthasAra meM vizeSa upayoga kiyA hai| unhoMne "vArtika ke gadyAMgoM ko padyoM meM parivartita kara prastuta kiyA hai| udAharaNArtha nimittAntarAnapekSa saMjJA karma nAma / / 5 / / soyamitya bhisambandhasvena anyasya vyavasthApanAmA sthApanA / / 2 / anAgata pariNAma vizeSaH pratigRhItAbhimukhyaM dravyaM / / 3 / / (tattvArtha vArtika) yA nimittAntaraM kiMcidanapekSya vidhIyate / dravyasya yasyacit, saMjJA tannAma parikIrtitam / / 10 / / so'yamityakSa kASThAdeH sambandhenAnya vastuni / yad vyavasthApanAmA sthApanA sabhidhIyate // 11 // bhAvinaH pariNAmasya yapprAptiM prati kasyacit / syA, gRhItAbhimukhyaM hi tadravyaM bravaMte jinAH // 12 // tattvArthasAra) isa prakAra anya kaI sthala udAharaNa yogya haiM ataH nizcita haiM ki akalaMkadeva amRta candra ke pUrvaja AcArya hai| akalaMkadeva kA samaya vikrama (1. There is not difficulty in accepting for Amritchandra, the direc. 905 A.D. furnished by the patinyalis, 5cc Introduction P.24 of the Pravachanasara of Kunda Kundla Acharya, tagether with the commentary, Tattvaeradipika Arurtebandra Suri, English Translation by Barrend Foddegon, Edited with Iniroductiony F.W. Thomas, Pub:-Cambridge, at the University Press, London 1935. Under the Jain literature Society Series Vol. I. 4

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44 ] / AmA aguvacandragatitva nau pAtra kI AThavIM sadI ke bAda kA nahIM haiM, isalie unake bAda hI amRtacandra kA honA pramANita hotA hai / ' isa prakAra aneka pramANoM, upalabdha sAdhanoM ke parIkSaNoM tathA vidvAnoM ke abhimatoM ke AdhAra para AcArya amRtacandra kA samaya vikrama kI dasavIM sadI pUrvArdha (arthAt 662) hI nizcita hotA hai / vizvavikhyAta jarmana vidvAna DaoN. vinTara nidaja ne bhI pITarsana riporTa ke anusAra AcArya amRtacandrakRta, 226 padyavAle "puruSArthasiddhayupAya saya kI racanA vikrama saMvat 661 (athavA IsA san 604) ko hI mAnI hai ataH AcArya amRtacandra kA samaya vikrama kI dasavIM sadI pUrvArdha ke lagabhaga nissaMdeha pramANita hai| jovana paricaya bhAratIya saMskRta vAGamaya ko apane asAdhAraNa vyaktitva tathA apratima pratibhA dvArA samRddhi evaM praur3hatA pradAna karane vAle, digambara jainadharma ke adhyAtma, darzana tathA aMtarbAhya AcAra kA apanI TIkAkRtiyoM tathA maulika racanAoM dvArA rahasyodghATana karane vAle, alaukika prAdhyAtmika jIvana jIne vAle, paramAnanda rasa ne pipAmutroM ko adhyAsmAmRta kA pAna karAne vAle AcArya pramRtacandra ke jIvana kA paricaya karAne hetu adyAvadhi aneka vidvAnoM ne asamarthatA hI vyakta kI hai| isa asamarthatA kA ekamAtra kAraNa unakI lokika nispahatA tathA mokSamArga rUr3ha alaukika jIvana hai| unakI nispahatA aura alaukika jIvana kA sabase prabala pramANa to yaha hai ki unhoMne jina mahAn graMthoM kI TIkAeM 1. jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa, bhAga-2, pRSTha 183 / 3. "n about 904 A.D. wrote the works 'Purusartha Siddhyupaya' or Jina Pravacana Rahasya Cosa, in 226 Sanskrit versess, Tattvarthasara, Tattvar diyika und commentaries on Kundokunda's works." (A History of Indian Literature by Maurice winternitz. PH. D., Vol.-11, Page 584.) - 3. paramAnandamudhArasa pipAsilAnAM hitAya bhavyAnAm / zyite prakaTitatatvA pravacanasAraspa va rimariyam / / / pravacanakAra tattvapradIpikA 4. janasAhitya aura itihAsa paM. nAthUrAma premI pR. 306, dvitIya saMskaraNa 656 jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa paM. kailAsacandra zAstrI, bhAga 2, pRSTha 172 laghu tattvasphoTa, prastAvanA pRSTha 2 DA. padmanAbha jaina, (prophesara buddhadarzana kalIphoniyA vakale vizvavidyAlaya)

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jIvana paricaya ] [ 45 racI, una graMthoM ke praNetA AcArya kA hI na to kahIM paricaya diyA hai aura na hI koI ullekha kiyA hai, balki TIkAoM tathA maulika racanAoM ke kartRtva kA bhAra bhI apane Upara nahIM liyA hai| unhoMne apanI samasta kRtiyoM ke aMta meM kartApane kA niSedha karane hetu nijAtma svarUpa meM magnapanA pragaTa karate hue padya avazya race hai / unhoMne pratyeka graMtha ke aMta meM jina zabdoM meM ghoSaNA kI hai, unase unakI nispRhatA tathA alaukika jIvana kI eka jhalaka avazya mila jAtI hai| "samayasAra" kI AtmakhyAtikalaza TIkA ke aMta meM ve likhate haiM ki apanI zakti se vastusvarUpa ko prakAzita karane vAle zabdoM dvArA samayasAra kI vyAkhyA kI gaI hai, nijAtmasvarUpa meM magna arthAt svarUpagupta amRtacandrasUri kA isa TIkA racanA meM kucha bhI karttavya ( kartRtva ) nahIM hai|' ukta ghoSaNAvAkyoM ko unhoMne paMcAstikAya graMtha kI TIkA ke aMta meM duharAyA hai| pravacanasAra kI taspradIpikA TIkA ke aMta meM to ve yahA~ taka likhate haiM ki zrAtmA sahita vizvavyAkhyeya ( samajhAne yogya) hai, vANI kA gaMdhana vyAkhyA ( samajhAnA ) hai tathA zramRtacandrasUri vyAkhyAtA ( samajhAne vAle ) haiM, isa prakAra kI mohayukta mAnyatA meM, jagajjanoM, mata nAco ( mata phulo), kintu syAdvAda vidyA ke bala se prAdurbhuta jJAnakalA dvArA isa saMpUrNazAzvata svatattva ko prApta karake prAja zravyAkula rUpa se nAco prarthAt paramAnandamaya svarUpa meM magna hoo| isI prakAra maulika kRtiyoM tattvArthasAra tathA puruSArthasiddha yupAya ke aMta meM bhI zAstrakartRtva kA niSedha karate hue likhA hai ki aneka prakAra ke akSaroM se patra race gaye haiM, 1. svazaktimUcitavastutasvavyAkhyA kRteyaM samayasya zabdaH / svarUpa guptasya na kicidasti kartavya me vA'mRta candrasUreH // 278 // samayasAra AtmakhyAti TIkA, pRSTha 603 (sonagar3ha 1664 ) 2. paMcAstikAya samayabhyAkhyA, zloka, pRSTha 270, sonagaDha 1665 dvitIya saMskaraNa | 3. vyAkhyeyaM kila vizvamAtma mahitaM vyAkhyA tu gumphe girAM / vyAkhyAtAgRtacandrasUririti mA mohAjjanoM vAtu // aerers vizuddhabodhakalayA sthAdvAda vidyAbalAt / lavakaM sakalAtma zAzvatamidaM svaM tattvamavyAkulaH ||20|| (pravacanasAra-tatvapradIpikA TIkA, 415 sonagar3ha, 1994 )

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46 ] | AcArya amRtacandra vyaktitva evaM kartRtva 14 padoM se bane gaye haiM aura una gAyoM se yaha vitrazAstra banAyA gayA hai, hamAre dvArA kucha bhI nahIM kiyA gayA hai| " isa prakAra paramanispRh AcArya amRtacandra ne laukika paricaya ke rUpa meM kahIM bhI apane kula, guru, nivAsI, kAryasthala tathA samaya Adi kA ullekha nahIM kiyA hai, balki isa prakAra ke laukika ullekha ko ve "moha meM nAcanA" kahakara usakA niSedha karate hai / ve apanA alaukika jIvana paricaya avazya yatra tatra aneka bAra apanI kRtiyoM meM dete hue pratIta hote haiM, ataH AcArya amRtacandra kA jIvana paricaya karAne hetu hameM do dRSTikoNoM se dekhanA hogA / inameM prathama hai unakA alaukika AdhyAtmika jIvana paricaya, jisake srota unakI hI kRtiyoM meM pracuramAtrA meM upalabdha hai | dUsarA hai unakA laukika jIvanaparicaya, jisake sUtra unake samavartI aura paravartI vidvAnoM, TIkAkAroM evaM lekhakoM kI kRtiyoM meM upalabdha ullekhoM, paTTAbaliyoM tathA vidvAnoM ke abhimatoM se prApta hote haiM / pralaukika jIvana paricaya : sarvaprathama yahA~ unake hI zabdoM meM unake alaukika jovana kA paricaya karAte haiN| isa alaulika paricaya se yaha bAta spaSTa avazya hogI ki mokSamArga meM ArUr3ha huA AtmA sva kA (apanA) kisa prakAra avalokana tathA avadhAraNa karatA hai / vaha kaiMsara jIvana jItA hai / ina sabhI kA AcArya amRtacaMdra ne marmasparzI citraNa kiyA hai| usase unake svayaM ke AdhyAtmika jIvana para bhI paryApta prakAza par3atA hai aura mAlUma par3atA hai ki ve alaukika jIvana meM rama gaye the / granthoM kI TokAeM likhanA unakA mukhya prayojana nahIM thA, kintu isa mAdhyama se ve apane svayaM ke jIvana ko manasA vAcA karmaNA anusmRta rakhanA cAhate the / ataeva unhoMne apanI TIkA-kRtiyoM meM mokSamArgArUr3ha pratyeka AtmA ko mAdhyama banAkara kisa prakAra se citraNa kiyA hai, usakA vivaraNa unhIM ke zabdoM meM isa prakAra hai :- maiM kauna hU~ ? prazna ke uttara meM AcArya amRtacandra apanA paricaya dete hue kahate haiM "yaha maiM svasaMvedana pratyakSa, 1. varNaiH kRtAni citra, padAni tu padeH kRtAni vAkyAni / vAkyaH kRtaM pavitraM zAstramidaM na punarasmAbhiH || tattvArthasAra, upasaMhAra, zloka 23 tathA pu. si. - paca 226, pRSTha 165 ( sonagar3ha 1674)

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se jIvana paricaya ] [ 47 darzanazAna sAmAnya svarUpa AtmA huuN|"1 "maiM samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakacAritra kI ekatA ko prApta huA hai|"2 "isa loka meM maiM / svataH hI apane eka AtmasvarUpa kA anubhava karatA hU~ vaha svarUpa sarvataH apane nijarasa rUpa caitanya ke pariNamana se pUrNa bhare hue svabhAva vAlA hai, isalie yaha moha merA kucha nahIM lagatA arthAt moha se merA koI bhI / sambandha nahIM hai / maiM to zuddhacaitanya ke samUha rUpa tejapuMja kA khajAnA huuN|"3 I meM caitanya jyoti rUpa AtmA hU', meM mere hI anubhava se pratyakSa jJAta huuN| maiM aisA ghimAtra tejapuja hU~, jo apane sphuraNamAtra se hI vipula mahAna, * caMcala-bikalpataraMgoM ke indrajAla ko tatkSaNa ur3A detA huuN| maiM yaha (banubhayagocara ) TaMkotkIrNa eka jJAyaka bhAva huuN| maiM aisA tejamAtra hU~, jo akhaNDa, ekA, ekAkI, zAMta aura acala hai !" megAlo nainA guNa hai, usake dvArA maiM samAna tathA asamAnajAtIya anya dravya ko chor3a kara, mere mAtmA meM hI pravartatA hU~ aura apanI prAtmA ko sakala, trikAlavartI prauvyapane kA dhAraka dravya jAnatA huuN| anaMtacaitanyasvarUpa lakSaNavAlI pAtmajyoti ko hama nirantara anubhava karate haiN| isa prakAra 1. "eSa svasa badana pratyakSa darzanazAna sAmAnyAtmAha" pravacanasAra gAthA 1 TIkA, pRSTha 5 / 2. samyagdarzana zAnacAritakyAtmakakAmyaM gato'smi / pravacanasAra gAthA 5 TIkA, puSTha 7 / 3 sarvataH svarasanirbhara bhAtraM cetaye ravayamahaM svamihaikam / nAsti nAsti mama kapavana mohaH zuddhacidghana mahonidhi rasmi / / 30 // samayasArakalaza, AtmakhyAti TIkA, pRSTha 77 / 4. silvahamAtmAtma pratyakSa ci mAtra jyoti", samayasAra gAthA 38 TIkA. pa. 50 5. indrajAlamidamevamucchalat puSkaloccalavikalpavIcibhiH / yasyavisphuragAmeva tatkSaNaM kRtsnamavati tadasmi cinmahaH / / 1 / / samayamAra kalaza, pRSTha 221 / 6. "eSa TaMkotkIrNekazAyakabhAvo'ham" samayasAra gAthA 198 TIkA, pASTha 304 / 7. tadasmAdakhaNDamanirAkRtakhaMDamekramekAMtazAMtamacalaM cidahaM maho'smi / samayasAra gAthA 270 TIkA, pRSTha 567 / . mabIyaMmamanAma caitanyamahamanena tena samAnajAtIyamarAmAna jAtIyaM vA dravyamAnyadapahAma mamAtmanyeva vatamAnenAtmImamAtmAnaM sakala trikAla kalina prauvyaM drabyaM jAnAmi / pravacanasAra, gAbhA TIkA, pRSTha 125 / 1. "satasamanubhavAmo'naMta catanyacinha" samayasAra kalaza 20, pRSTha 50 /

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48 ] [ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM krtRtv| maiM kauna hU~? prazna ke uttara dvArA unhoMne apanA paricaya karAyA hai, sAtha hI "maiM kauna nahIM hU~? kA uttara dekara apane paricaya ko vizeSa spaSTa kiyA hai- yathA maiM AkAza dravya nahIM hU~', dharma dravya nahIM hU', adharmadravya nahIM hU~', kAla dravya nahIM hU~, pudgala dravya nahIM hU~ sathA nija prAtmA ko chor3akara anya anaMta AtmA arthAt AtmAMtara maiM nahIM hai|' punaH niSkarSa rUpa meM apanA paricaya karAte hue unhoMne spaSTa ghoSaNA kI hai- maiM svayaM sAkSAt dharma svarUpa huuN|2 vItarAga cAritra dazA meM pariNata merA AtmA svayaM dharma rUpa hokara, samasta vighnoM kA nAza kara sadAkAla niSkampa hI rahatA hai / 3 "maiM yaha mokSAdhikArI hai| jJAyaka svabhAvI Atmatatva ke parijJAnapUrvaka, mamatva kI tyAga rUpa aura nirmamatva kI mahaNa rUpa vidhi dvArA sarva Arambha (prayAsa) se zuddhAtmA meM pravRtta hotA ha', kyoMki mere anyakRtya kA prabhAva hai / maiM svabhAva se jJAyaka huuN| kevala jJAyaka hone se merA samasta padArthoM ke sAtha bhI sahaja hI zeya-jJAyaka lakSaNa vAlA sambandha hai, kintu anya prakAra kA sva-svAmo lakSaNa vAlA sambandha nahIM hai, isaliye merA kisI ke prati mamatva nahIM hai, maiM sarvatra nirmamatva svarUpa huuN| eka jJAyaka bhAva kA samasta jJeyoM ko jAnane kA svabhAva hone ke kAraNa merA svabhAva kramazaH prayatamAna anaMta bhUtakAlIna, vartamAna tathA bhaviSyakAlIna vibhinna paryAyoM ke samUha vAle, gambhoraagAdha svabhAva vAle dravyoM ko kSaNamAtra meM prativimbita karatA hai prathavA pratyakSa karatA hai tathA pratyakSIkRta dravya aise pratIta hote haiM mAnoM ve jJAyaka svabhAva meM utkIrNa ho gaye hoM, citrita ho gaye hoM, bhItara ghusa gaye hoM, kIlita ho gaye hoM, DUba gaye hoM, samA gaye hoM, prativimbita ho gaye hoN| prAtmA zAyaka aura sakala dravya jJeya aisA jJeya jJAyaka-sambandha anivArya hai, ume miTAyA nahIM jA sakatA hai, isaliye pAtmA sakala jJeyoM kI apekSA vizvarUpatA ko prApta hotA hai. parantu apanI svAbhAvika anaMta zakti vAle jJAyaka svabhAva kI apekSA apane ekatvarUpa ko nahIM 1. nAhamAkAzaM na dharmo, nAdharmo, na ca kAlo, na pudagalo nAtmAntaraM ca bhavAmi / pravacanasAra, gAthA 10 kI TIkA, pRSTha 125 / 2. "svayaM sAkSAddharma evAsmi" / pravacanasAra, gAthA 16 TIkA, pRSTha 126 / 3. vItarAga cAritra sUzritAyatAro mamAyamAramA svayaM dharmo bhUtvA nirasta pratyU hatayA nityameva niSkampa evAvatiSThate / pravacanasAra, gAthA 62 TIkA, pR. 130

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jIvana paricaya / [ 46 chor3atA / anAdi saMsAra se aisI hI vastusthiti rahI hai, phira bhI mohI jIvoM ke dvArA dUsare rUpa meM hI AtmA jAnA, mAnA jAtA hai, parantu yaha maiM moha ko ukhAr3a pheMkanA huA, pratiniSkamra rahanA huyA, apane zuddhAtmasvarUpa ko jaisA kA taisA hI prApta karatA hu|' isa taraha AcArya amRtacandra kA paricaya unake hI mArmika zabdoM meM pragaTa huA hai| moha vijetA amRtacandra ne apanI kRtiyoM meM apane mAtA-pitA tathA anya sambandhiyoM ke viSaya meM kahIM bhI kisI prakAra kA laukika paricaya nahIM diyaa| laukilA mAtA-pitA Adi samasta sambandhoM ko to ve mAtra saMyoga rUpa se jAnate the, parantu unheM apanA kadApi nahIM mAnate the| unheM apanA mAnanA moho jIvoM kA kAma hai, moha vijetAoM kA nhiiN| moha vijetAoM ko mAtA-pitA tathA anya parivAra ke sambandha sabhI alaukika hI hote haiN| aise alaukika parivAra kA paricaya AcArya amRtacandra ne avazya karAyA hai| sAtha hI laukika parivAra ko apanA mAnane kA niSedha kiyA hai, kAraNa ki ve sva-para ke bhedajJAna vAle tathA moha ko jItane vAle the| isa bAta kI puSTi unake nimna zabdoM se hotI hai| ve likhate haiM- maiMne moha kI senA para vijaya prApta karane ko kamara kasa lI hai| maiMne moha kI senA ko jItane kA upAya pA liyA hai|' 1. ahamaSa monAdhikArI jJAyakasvabhAvAtmanatva parijJAna purasmA mamatva nirmamatva hAlopAdAna vidhAnena kRtyAnna rasyAbhAvAt sarvArambhega] zuddhAtmani pravata ahaM hi tAvat jJAyaka eva svabhAvana, vevalajJAyakasya va sato mama viznenApi sahaja je yaz2Ayaka lakSaNa evaM sambandhaH na punamye svasvAmi lakSaNAdayaH sambayAH / tato mama na vacanApi mamatvaM sarvatra nirmamatvameva / artha kasya jJAyakamAnalma mamastajJayabhAvasvabhAvatvAta prItkIrNa-likhita niravAta-kIlitamajijata-samatita-prativimbitavat tatra mapravRtAnaMtabhUta bhavAvi vicitrapayAya prAmbhAra magAdha-svabhAvaM gaMbhIra samastamapi dravyajAtamaka agae va pratyakSayanta je pajAvaka lakSagA-sambandhasyAnivAyatvenAzakya dinecanasvAdupAtta vaibhavamapyamApi sahajAnantazaki-jAvakara vabhAvegakya rUpya manusmantagAsaMsAra manayana sthityA sthita mohenAnyathA-vyavasyamAnaM zuddhAtmAnamaSa mohamukhAya yathAvasthita mervAti niSpakampaH saMpratipaya / pravacanasAra, gAthA 200 TIkA, pRSTha 303-304 2. "mayA mohavAhinI vijayAra bar3A kakSeyama" pravacanasAra, gAthA 76 TIkA, pRSTa 112 3. "labdhomayA mohavAhinI vijayopAyaH / " pravadhanasAra, gAthA 60 TIkA, pRSTha 112

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50 J | AcArya amRtacandra vyaktitva evaM kartRtva mubhaM moha nahIM hai, sva-para kA vibhAga hai / ' laukika parivAra mamakAra niSedha karate hue hai ki bite haiM- "aho isa puruSa ke zarIra (arthAt mero AtmA se sambandhita zarIra ) ke janaka- pitA ke AtmA tathA isa puruSa ke zarIra kI jananI mAtA ke AtmA, isa puruSa kA ( merA ) zrAtmA tumhAre dvArA janita ( utpanna kiyA huA) nahIM haiM, aisA tuma nizcaya se jaano| jise jJAnajyoti pragaTa huI hai aisA yaha ( merA ) AtmA Aja AtmArUpI apane anAdi janaka ke pAsa jA rahA hai / " "aho isa puruSa ke ( merI AtmA se sambandhita ) zarIra kI ramaNo (patnI) ke zrAtmA, tU isa puruSa ke AtmA ko ramaNa nahIM karAnA, aisA tU nizcaya se jAna / jJAna jyoti pragadita ( merA ) yaha grAtmA zrAja apanI svAnubhUtirUpI anAdi ramaNI (patnI) ke pAsa jA rahA hai / 3 aho, isa puruSa ke zarIra ke putra ke AtmA, tU isa puruSa ( mere AtmA) kA putra nahIM hai aisA tU nizcaya se jAna / jJAnajyoti udita ( merA ) yaha AtmA grAja AtmArUpI anAdi putra ke pAsa jA rahA hai / " "aho isa puruSa ke zarIra ke bandhuvarga meM pravartamAna AtmAoM ! isa puruSa kA ( merA ) AtmA kicit mAtra bhI tumhArA nahIM hai, isa prakAra tuma nizcaya meM jAno / jJAnajyoti udita yaha (merA ) AtmA Aja apane grAtmArUpI anAdi bandhu ke pAsa jA rahA hai|"" -- 1. nAti meM moho'sti stra para vibhAgaH / " 7 pravacanasAra, gAthA 154 TIkA, pRSTha 250 2. "aho idaM janazarIrajanakasyAtman zraho ivaM janamarIra jananyA zrAtmat / asya janasyAtmA na yuvAbhyAM janito bhavatIti nizcayena yuvAM jAnItaM / ayamAtmA adyobhinajJAnajyotiH zrAtmAna devAtmano'nAdi janakamupasarpati / " pravacanasAra gAthA 202 TIkA, pRSTha 306 zrasya janasthAtmAnaM na tvaM ramayasa- iti pradyod bhinnajJAnajyotiH svAnubhUtimevAvahIM, gAthA 202 TIkA, pRSTha 306-310 grasya janasyAtmano na tvaM janmo bhavamIti nizvayena tvaM jAnIhi / zrayamAtmA zrodubhinna jJAnajyotiH zrAtmAnamevAtmanoanAdi janyamupasarpati / " vahIM, gAyA 202, pRSTha 310 5. aho idaM janazarIra bandhuvargavartana prAtmAnaH guSmAkaM bhavatIti nizcayena yUyaM jAnIta zrAtmAnamevAtmano'nAdi bandhumupasarpati / pravacanasAra, gAthA 202 TIkA, asya janasyAtmA na kiMcanApi zrayamAtmA adyovijJAnajyotiH 3. "aho idaM janazarIra ramaNyA Atman nizcayena tvaM jAnIhi / ayamAtmA manAMnAdi ramaNImupasarpati / " 4. graho idaM janazarIra putrasyAtman J * pU. 310

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jIvana paricaya ] [ 51 isa prakAra AcArya pramatacandra ne laukika risara se bhina alaukika parivAra kA paricaya karAyA hai| isa alaukika parivAra meM AtmA hI saba kucha hai, vahIM pitA hai, mAtA hai, patnI hai, putra tathA bandhuvarga Adi bhI bahIM hai / bhedajJAnajyoti sampanna AtmA sadAkAla apane lie paradravyoM se bhinna akelA hI anubhava karatA hai| amRtacandra ne bhI isakA ullekha karate hue likhA hai ki Atma tatva kA samasta dravyoM se koI bhI sambandha nahIM hai|" AtmA bhUtakAla tathA bartamAnakAla meM sarvathA akelA thA evaM prolA hai| bhUtakAla meM paudgalika karmabandhana rUpa upAdhi kI sannidhi se malinabhAva rUpa se merA pariNamana honA thaa| jisa prakAra sphaTikamaNi japAkusuma kI sannidhi meM malina pariNamana karatA hai, usA prakAra ajJAnadazA meM merA AtmA malina hotA hai, malina thA, usa samaya bhI zrAtmA akelA thaa| akelA kartA thA, kyoMki akelA hI uparakta (malina) caitanyasvabhAva rUpa pariNamita hone ke svabhAva ke kAraNa mAtmA se prApya thA / akelA hI sukha-viparIta lakSaNa bAlA duHkharUAkarmaphala thaa| vaha bhI malina caitanya svabhAva se hI utpanna kiyA jAtA thaa| aba vartamAna meM kamopAdhi kI nikaTatA kA nAza hone se muvizuddha sahaja svaparaNati pragaTa huI ... "abhI bhI AtmA kA koI bhI nahIM hai| AtmA akelA hI kartA, karma, karaNa Adi hai| isa taraha bandhamArga tathA mokSamArga meM prAtmA akelA hI hai| isa taraha sva meM nijatva tathA para se bhinnatva nizcita karate hue AcArya amRta candra "zarIra-mana tathA vANI 1. "nAsti so'pi sambandhAH paradravyAtmatattvayoH" rAmayasAra karanaza 200. pa. 171 2. yadA nAmAnAdi prasiddha paudgaliMka karmabandhanopAni niztri pradhAvitoparAMgaraM jitAtmabattijapApuSNa maMnidhipradhAvatoparAma raMjitAtmayattiH sphaTikamANariva parAropita vikAro'hamAgama / maMsArI nadApi na nAma mama vogyAsIta / tadAppa hameka eboparaka cirasvabhAvena svatanya kAhi / ahameka evoparakta visvabhAbena gAdhakatamaH kaargnnmaasm| grahamaka ekoparakta citArizamana svabhAvenAtmanA prAyaH karmAmam / ahahmaka eva coparakta citragamana stramAvasya niSpAdya saukhyaM viparyastalakSaNa dukhAkhyaM krama palamAsam / pravacanagAra gAthA 126 rokA, pRSTha 205-206 3. idAnImapi na nAma maya kopyasti, idAnImapya hameva evaM suvizuddhacitsvabhAvena svatantraH kartAsmi " kAragAsmi""karmAsmi / pravacanasAra gAthA 126 TIkA, pRSTa 206

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52 ] [ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva ko bhI paradravya jAnakara unase bhI pazcapAta na karate hue atyanta madhyastha hote haiN| ve sadAkAla eka hI vyApAra-udyama meM lage rahate haiM- vaha hai zuddhAtmadravya meM pravRtti karanA / ve isa sambandha meM svayaM likhate haiM :"isa prakAra jJeyatattva ko samajhAne bAle jana-tattvajJAna meM vizAla zabdabrA meM samyaktamA mA huna kase hama mAtra zuddhAtma dravya rUpa eka hI paraNativRtti se sadAkAla yukta rahate haiN|"2 "samasta kaSAyakleza rUpI kalaMka se bhinna hone se nirvANaprApti ke kAraNa vItarAga cAritra rUpa sAmya ko prApta hote haiN| ve isa vItarAgacAritrako cintAmaNi ratna kI taraha samajhakara pramAdarUpo coroM se sAvadhAna rahate haiN| AcArya amRtacandra antataH yaha udaghoSaNA karate haiM ki jisa prakAra duHkhoM se mukta hone ke icchuka mere prAtmA ne arhatoM siddhoM prAcAryoM upAdhyAyoM tathA sAdhuoM ko praNAma kara vizuddha darzana jJAna pradhAna sAmyanAmaka dhAmaNya ko aMgIkAra kiyA hai, usI prakAra dUsare AtmA bho yadi duHkha mukta honA cAhate haiM to usa sAmyarUpa zrAmaNyapane ko aMgIkAra kreN| usakA jo yathAnabhUta mArga hai, usake praNetA hama svayaM khar3e hue haiN| isa nirvANa kA anya koI mArga nahIM hai yaha sunizcita hai, adhika pralApa se kyA prayojana hai| merI mati-vyavasthita ho gaI hai| 1. zarIraM ca vAcaM ca manazca paradravyatvenAhaM prapadya tato na teSu kazvidapi mama pakSapAto 'sti / sarvatrApyamatyantaM madhyasyo'smi / pravacanasAra gAthA 160, pRSTa 255 2. jana-jJAna jJacatatvapraNetR, sphItaM zabdabrahmasamyagvigAe / - saMzuddhAlpavya bhAvakavRtyA, nitvaMyukta sthIyate'smAbhirevam // 10 // pravacanasAra mAthA 200 TIkA, pRSTha 304 3. "sakalakaSAyakalikAla ka vivistayA nirmANa saMprAptihetubhUtaM zrItarAga cAritrA. sya saamymupsNpaa|" pranavasAra gAyA 5 TIkA, pRSTha 6 4. arthana prAptaciMtAmarigarapi pramAdo dasyuriti jAgati / vahI, gAthA51, pR.113 5. yathA mamAtmanA dukha mokSArthinA..." ahatsiddhAcAryopAdhyAyasAdhunAM pragati vandanAtmakanamaskArapuramgaraM vizuddhadarzanajJAna pradhAnaM sAmyanAm zrAmaNyamavAntara pradha saMdarbha bhaya saMbhAvita sausthityaM svayaM pratipannam / pareSAmapi yadi dukhamokSAyIM tathA natpratipadyatAM yathAnubhUtasya tatpratipattiH vamanA praNetAro ayamime tiSThAmIti / prabacanasAra gAthA 201 TIkA, pRSTha 305 6. sato nAnyadvama nirvAdhasyetyavadhAryate / praptamathavA pralapitena / vyabasthitA matirmama / vahIM gAthA 62. pRSTha 116

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jIvana paricaya ] [ 53 isa prakAra AcArya amRtacandra ne apanI vyavasthita mati dvArA apanA alaukika evaM vyavasthita paricaya diyA hai| unhoMne apane granthoM meMapanA alaukika paricA to gama va dira hai parantu laukika paricaya ke viSaya meM ve sarvatra mauna hI rahe haiM phira bhI yahAM unake laukika jIvana kA bhI grathamambhava paricaya karAyA jAtA hai / laukika jIvana paricaya nAmollekha svayaM dvArA -- prAcArya amRtacandra 'amRta candramUri' nAma se hI vikhyAta the, yaha bAta unakI hI TIkAoM tathA anya kRtiyoM se jJAta hotA hai| samayamAra kI AtmakhyAti', pravacanasAra ko tattvapradIpikA', paMcAstikAya kI samayavyAkhyA nAmaka TIkAoM tathA nadhutattvasphoTa nAmaka kRti ke anta meM amRtacandrasari nAma kA prayoga milatA hai| tatvapradIpikA meM unake ukta nAma ke pUrva vyAkhyAtA tathA laghutattvasphoTaH meM unake nAma ke pazcAt kabondra vizeSaNa bhI prayukta hai jinase unake vikhyAta vyaktitva kI jhalaka bhI milatI hai| nAmollekha paravartI lekhakoM dvArA -- unake ukta nAma kA ullekha amRtacandra ke paravartI AcAryo, bhaTTArakoM tathA vidvAnoM ne vibhinna vizeSaNoM ke sAtha kiyA hai| kucha vidvAnoM ne unake paryAyavAcI nAmoM kA prayoga kiyA haiN| AcArya padamaprabhamaladhArI deva ne to niyamasAra kI 1. svarUpaguptasya na nidasti, karnavyamavA'mRtacandrasUreH / samayasAra kalama, 278 2 yAcyAtAmanacandramuririti mA mohAjjanoM balganu / ' pravacanasAra navanadI pikA dIkA pa naM0 21 pRSTha 534, (vI. satmAhitya prasAraka TrasTa bhAvanagara, vi. saM. 2032, tRtIyAvRtti) 3. "ini zrI paMcAstikApavyAkhyAyAM thImadamRtacandrabhUriviracitAyAM "...dvitIya skaMdhaH smaaptH|" (cAstikAya mamaya vyAkhyA TIkA, paSTha 255 bambaI-dvitIya saMsvAragA 1604 I.) tathA pratima padya naM. 8 "kartava menA'mRtacandrasUreH' 4. "me bhAvayanti vikalArthavatI jinAnAM nAmAvalImapRtacandracidekapItAm / ' laya tanyasphoTa, padya 25 5. pravacanasAra, tatvapradIpikA TIkA padya naM. 21, pUra 534 6. "AsvAdayatvamRtacandrakavIndra evaM"........' (lA tattvasphoTaH, adhyAya 25, paJca 24)

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54 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva TIkA meM ukta nAma kA pandraha bAra prayoga kiyA hai / unhoMne "tathA coktaM zrImadamRtacandrasUribhiH"5 likhakara unake anthoM se uddharaNa prastuta kiye haiN| paM0 AzAdharajI (terahavIM vikrama sadI) ne "ThakkurAmRtacandrasUri"2 nAma kA ullekha kiyA hai| unhoMne amRtacandra ke lie Thavakara tathA sari upagaviTomaNoM kA pAyoga kiyA hai| isase yaha bAta to pramANita ho hI jAtI hai ki prAcAyaM amRtacandra kI khyAti paravartI granthakAroM meM atyadhika sammAnanIya pada para thii| ___ bhaTTAraka zubhacandra (solahavIM vikrama sadI) ne amRtacandra ke lie ''sudhAcandramuni" zabda se vyavahRta kiyA hai, sAtha hI unheM vipakSavijetA, samasta ziSyavarga ke pAlaka, nijasvatattvavettA, aneka jIvoM ko sambodhitakartA tathA yatIza vizeSaNoM se samalaMkRta kiyA hai| unhoMne eka sthala para amRta candra kA "amRtavighumatIza" nAma bhI likhA hai| paNDita vRndAvanadAsa (vikrama aThArahavIM sadI) ne unheM amRtacandra tathA paM0 daulatarAma (vi. saM. 1826) ne "amRtacandramunIdra" nAma kA prayoga kiyA hai tathA paM. bhUdharadAsa (vi.saM. 1820-1886) ne pArzvapurANa meM "amRtacandramunirAja"7 nAma likhA hai| paM. jayacanda (vi. saM. 1820-1886) ne amRtacandra ko "sudhAcandrasUri"8 aura paM. vRndAbanadAsa (vi0 1880) ne "amIindu" nAma se smaraNa kiyA hai| zrI --..-.-.-..... 1. niyamasAra gAthA 7, 19, 24, 40, 42, 44, 46, 50 55, 62, 83, 69, 107, 156, 178 ityAdi kI ttiikaaeN| 2. anagAra dharmAmRta, bhavyakumuda candrikA TIkA, pRSTha 160 tathA 588 3. paramAdhyAtmataraMgiNI, maMgalAcaraNa pA 2 4. vahIM. aMtima prazasti, padya, pRSTha 235 5. pravacanasAra paramAgama (padya), pRSTha 6 tathA 238 bra. dulIcandra graMthamAlA sana 1974 6. puruSArtha middhayupAya aMtima prazAsti, paSTha 165. (sonagar3ha 1672) 7. pApapurANa, pRSTha 72-73 vI, ni. 2434 8, paramAdhyAtma tara giraNI, aMtima prazasti pRSTha 234 6. gurudeva amIindu ne tinakI karI TIkA / jharatA hai nijAnaMda amIbanda sarIkA / / 16 / / vuhRd jinavANI saMgraha, pRSTha 186

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jIvana paricaya ] [ 55 eca. DI. belakara ne pITarsana riporTa ke pRSTha 161 para unheM "amayaM candeNasUrI hiM"1 zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai jo amRtacandrasUri kA hI dyotaka hai| marAThI TIkAkAra zrIkRSNAjI nArAyaNa jogI ne amRtacandra ko 'pIyUSacandrasUri' likhA hai| vartamAna muni sUryasAgara ne unheM "munivRSabha amRtandrAcArya" nAma se smaraNa kiyA hai| paM. pannAlAla sAhityAcArya ne unheM 'amRtendu"4 tathA paM. phUlacanda siddhAntAcArya ne ''zrImadAcAryavara amRtacandradeva"5 nAma se ullekha kiyA hai / paM. makkhanalAla zAstrI ne prakRta AcArya ko "zrImanmahAmahima amRtacandrasUrivayaM" likhakara apanI AsthA byakta kI hai tathA unakI kRti puruSArtha siddhAya kI vRhad hindI TIkA likhI hai / ' paM. ke. bhujavali zAstrI ne amRta nandra ko "amRtanandi" nAma se bhI ullikhita kiyA hai| isa prakAra spaSTa hai ki uparyukta samasta nAmoM se prakRta AcArya kA nAma amRtacandra hI abhivyakta hotA hai jo sUri vizeSaNa se vizeSataH di..rahe hai . vibhinAyA thA lekhakoM ne zrImadamRtacandramUri, ukkuraamRta candrasUri, suMdhAcandramuni, amRtabidhuyatIza, amRtacandra munirAja, sudhAcandrasari, amIindra, amayaMcandrasari, pIyuSacandrasari. amRtendu, zrImadAcAryavara, amRtacandradeva, amRtanaMdi ityAdi nAmoM dvArA prakRta amRtacandra ko hI yAda kiyA hai / ina nAmoM zrImad, sUri, Thakura, muni, yatIzamunIndra, munirAja, prAcArthavara, deva Adi zabda amRtacandra ke vyaktitva ke dyotaka haiM / ina meM sudhA, amI, amayaM tathA pIyUSa ye sabhI zabda "amRta" pada ke 1. ji. ra. ko, eca. DI. velaMkara 2. puruSArtha siddhayupAya, aMtima padya 227, zrI kRSNAjI bhArAyaNa jozI kRta marAThI TIkA / 3. nijAna damArtaNDa, hindI bhASA TokA, pRSTha 5 prastAvanA / 4. tattvArthasAra, aMtimaprazasti, paM. pannAlAla kRta / 5. namavasAra kalaza mukhapaSTa paM. phUlacandra zAstrI) 6. puruSArtha siddhayupAya, paM. makkhanalAla mukhapRSTha. / 5. kannaDapatrIya tADAtrIya vadha sUcI, ke bhujavali zAstrI, prastAvanA puSTha 15 prathama marakaraNa 1948. (isameM satha maM. 5.35 pabayaNasAra prAcArya koNDakUnda tathA prAcArya amRta vikRta tatvadIpikA nAmaka saMskRtavRtti bhI hai / ) ye amRtanaMdi prAcArya amRtacandra hI haiM /

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56 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva paryAyavAcI haiM tathA vidhu, indu, tathA canda ye 'candra" pada ke bAcaka hone se prakRtta prAcArya kA vAstavika nAma "amRtacandra" hI pramANita hotA hai| sAtha hI ve AcArya pada se vibhUSita hone se "AcAryaamRtacandra" kahalAte haiN| prakRta amRtacandra se bhinna amRtacandra nAmadhArI mAraka- prakRta AcArya amRtacandra se bhinna "amRtacandra" nAmadhArI eka bhaTTAraka bhI hue haiM ! ina bhaTTAraka amRta candra ke guru (vi. bArahavIM zatI ke) maladhArI mAdhavacandra the / ve vihAra karate hue bAMbhaNavAr3A nAmaka nagara meM pAye the, jinakI preraNA se kavivara siMha (siddhakadhi) ne "pajjapaNacariU" (pradumnacarita) kAvya kI racanA kI thii|' isa bAta kI puSTi 50 paramAnanda zAstrI ne bhI kI hai| ve likhate haiM ki kavivara siMha ke guru munipugava, bhaTTArakA anRsacandra the, jo tapa-tArUpI divAkara aura vrata niyama tathA zola ke ratnAkara the| prastuta bhaTTAraka amRtacandra una prAcArya amRtacandra se bhinna haiM jo kundakundAcArya ke samaya sArAdi prAbhatazya ke saMskRta TIkAkAra haiM aura puruSArtha siddhayupAya Adi granthoM ke racayitA haiN| ve loka meM ThakkUra upanAma se prasiddha rahe haiN| paM. munnAlAla rAghelIya', na. gulAbacanda tathA na. paMDitA sumatibAI zahA~ ne bhaTTAraka amRtacandra ko ho kundakunda ke TIkAkAra (prakRta) amRtacandra mAnA hai jo upayukta pramANoM se asiddha hai| hamAre Alocya AcArya amRtacandra tathA malaghArImAdhavacaMdra ke ziSya bhaTTAraka amRtacandra meM bhinnatA hai| prakRta AcArya amRtacandra kundakundrAcArya ke prAbhUtatraya (samayasAra, pravacanasAra evaM paMcAstikAya granyoM) ke asAdhAraNa, advitIya evaM sarvaprathama TIkAkAra hue haiM jinhoMne pratyeka TIkA ke anta meM apane liye "svarUpagupta amRtacandra'' 6 likhA hai| 1. janasAhitya aura itihAsa, dvitIya saMrakaraNa. paM, nAthUrAmapremI, pRSTha 310 2. jainadharma kA prAcIna itihAsa, bhAga-2, pRSTha 349 tathA jana grantha zasti saMgraha 'bhAga-2. prastAvanA pRSTha 74 3. puruSArtha mina yupAya, bhAvagrakAzinI TIvA pra. pRSTha 10 4. sammatimandeza, varSa 13, aMka 8, agasta 1968, pRSTha 27 5. pUrNArya jinajJAnakoza), vIra nirvANa sambata 2504, pRSTha 200 6. "svarUpaguptasya na kiMcidasti, kartavyamevAmRta candra sUreH / " samayasAra (pAlma khyAti kalaza TIkA), pravacanasAra (tattvapradIpikA TIka) tathA paMpAstikAya (mamayacyAjhyA TokA kA antima padya) /

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- jIvana paricaya ] [ 57 - - - -- AcArya zramatacandra kA pada evaM vyaktitva prakRta amRtacandra "prAcArya" pada para pratiSThita, evaM prakhyAta rahe haiM / AcArya pada unake gauravapUrNa pada evaM vyaktitva kA dyotaka hai| zramaNaparamparA yA janadarzana meM pAMca pada sarvazreSTha mAne gaye hai| ve he ahaMta, siddha, AcArya, upAdhyAya tathA sAtha / ina pAMco ko "paMcaparameSThI" pada se jAnA jAtA hai| prAcArya pada sAdhu aura upAdhyAya padoM se bhI adhika gauravazAlI, mahattvapUrNa tathA uccatara mAdhyAtmika vikAsa kA pratIka hai / amRtacandra kA vyaktitva itanA mahAna thA ki prAcArya ke atirikta anya aneka padaviyoM se bhI ve suzobhita the / jinameM se sari, vyAkhyAtA, kavIndra ityAdi padaviyoM kA ullekha to svayaM amRtacandra dvArA unako hI kRtiyoM meM prasaMgopAtta sahaja huA hai|| "sari" pada kA prayoga digambara tathA zvetAmbara donoM jaina sampradAyoM meM apane vizeSa prabhAvazAlI guruoM (sAghu tathA pAcAyoM) ke nAma ke aMta meM prayattaH hotA rahA hai| digambaroM meM bhaTTArakoM ke nAma ke aMta . meM bhI sUri pada kA prayoga milatA hai| zratasAgara bhadrAraka ke nAma ke sAtha ukta sUri pada kA prayoga huA hai| unhoMne apane ko zrutasAgarasUri nAma se prakaTa kiyA hai| jaina zvetAmbara AcAryoM ke nAmAMta meM "sUri" pada kA prayoga vizeSa pracalita rahA hai| DaoN. pI. ela. vaidya ne ukta bAta kA ullekha kiyA hai| isase spaSTa hotA hai ki prAcArya amRtacandra digambaroM meM to labdhapratiSTha the hI, sAtha hI zvetAmbaroM tathA bhadrArakoM ke bIca bhI unakA prabhAva thA / yahI kAraNa hai ki AcArya pramatacandra kI adyAvadhi prajJAta, asAdhAraNa kRti ahamadAbada ke zvetAmbara jaina mandira ke DelAzAstramaNDAra meM zvetAmbara muni puNyavijaya jI ko prApta huI hai| ukta kRti tAr3apatroM para aMkita haiN| kRti kA nAma "ladhutattvasphoTaH" aparanAma 'zaktimaNita koza' hai| 1. aSTapAhur3a, zrutasAgarasUri cuta maMskRta TIkA, saMpAdaka paM. pannAlAla jI, prastAvanA pATha 14 ''yahA~ para balasAgara ne apane ko suri to likhA hai, parantu yahA~ sUri kA ardha digambara yAcArya nahIM hai apitu bhadaTAraka haiM kyoMki zrutasAgara svayaM bhaTadAraka the|" 2. "digambara thI apane mudhya sAdhuoM ko 'bhaTTAraka" nAma se pukArate the aura zvetAmbara usake badale "sUra" zabda kA prayoga karate the|" jaina dharma prAriMga vAla matha, DaoN. parazurAma lakSmaNa vaidya-pRSTa 57 3. prA, zAMtisAgarajI janmAtAbida smRtinatha, dvitIya bhAga pRSTha 223 DaoN. padamanAma zrIvarmA jainI prophesara kailIphoniyA pUnisiTI, yU. esa. e. kA "zrI jinanAmAvali' zIrSaka lekhe /

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[ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva "vyAkhyAtA" pada prAcArya amRtacandra ke saphalatama, praur3hatama evaM kuzalatama vyAkhyAkAra athavA bhASyakAra hone kI ghoSaNA karatA hai| ve kundakundAcArya ke kalikAla sarvajJatalya, arthagAMbhIryayakta sUtroM kA gUr3hatama adghiATana tathA marma prakaTa karane ke lie kalikAlagaNadhara tulya vyAkhyAkAra the / isIlie kucha vidvAnoM ne kundakunda ko kalikAlasarvajJa' tathA amRcandra ko kalikAlagaNa ghara' kahakara unake mahattva evaM vyaktitva ko vyakta kiyA hai ataH vyAkhyAtA pada amRtacadrasUri ko hI upayukta evaM zobhAspada pratIta hotA hai| kavIndra" vizeSaNa unake siddhahasta tathA labdhapratiSTha kavi zreSTha hone kA paricAyaka hai| unakI kRtiyoM meM gaMbhIratama evaM praur3hatama kavitva chalakatA hai| bhASA, alaMkAra lathA chaMda, AtmAna bhUti kI prabalatA tathA bhAvAbhivyakti kI tIvratA meM sahaja hI prasphuTita ho gaye haiN| prAbhUtatraya TIkayoM meM, vizeSataH samayasAra kI prAtmakhyAti TIkA meM bhAvAbhivyakti kI tIvratA ke kAraNa hI gadya dhArA kahIM kahIM payavArA kA rUpa dhAraNa karatI hai| "laghattvasphoTa" kAvya meM unakI kavipratibhA kA caramotkarSa dekhate hI banatA hai ataH ukta kavIndra pada bhI amRtacandra ke vyaktitva kA samucita prakAzaka hai| rAvajI nemacanda zahA ne AcArya amRtacandra ko kavIndra hI nahIM balki 'ala mukhakavondra" kahA hai| prA. amRtacandra kI svaracita kRtiyoM meM prApta upayukta padoM ke atirikta, unake paravartI AcAryoM, vidvAnoM tathA TIkAkAroM ne bhI amRta candra ko yatIza, adhyAtmamAtaMgaDa muni, munirAja, Thakkura Adi aneka vizeSaNoM se vibhUSita kiyA hai jisase amRtacaMdra ke bahumukho vyaktitva para spaSTata: prakAza par3atA hai| hindo TIkAkAra paM. daulatarAma ne 1. "kalikAlasarvajana vicine SaTprAbhUta na the......." | maSTapAhuDa zrutasAgara murikRta dIkA pRSTha 564 2. puruSArtha mijabutAya (marAThI anuvAdaka ajJAta) prathamAyatti, 1928 I. ke mukhapRSTha para 'mUlalekhaka kalikAla gaNadhara zrImadamRtacandramUri" zabdo kA ullekha hai| 3. puruSAdha siddhayupAya (marAThA anuvAda) prastAvanA pRSTha 12 4. puruSArtha siddhayupAya, paMcAdaka, vidyAkumAra seThI, (zubhArzIrvAda)

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jIvana paricaya ] amRtacandra ko "munIndra" zabda se saMbodhita kiyA hai| natvArthasAra ke hindI TokAkAra, paM. pannAlAla sAhityAcArya ne to amRtacandra ko sari ho nahIM, "mahAsari tathA nAnAnayavizArada likhakara unako garimA tathA mahimA ko dAyiA hai| isa prakAra AcArya amatacandra atyaMta ucca pada para pratiSThita tathA asAdhAraNa vyaktitva se suzobhita the / amRtacandra kA kula anekAMta svarUpa AnaMdAmana kA pAna karane vAle, paramAnanda rUpa amRta rasa ke pipAsuoM ko adhyAtmAmRta kA pAna karAne vAle, bhavyajIvoM ke hitakArI AtrAyaM amRtacandra ne kahIM bhI apanI kRtiyoM meM apanA laukika dharicaya nahIM diyA hai| alaukika, nispRha jIvana jIne vAle AcArya ko laukika mAtA pitA, janmasthAna, kula, gRru Adi laukika paricaya se prayojana hI kyA thA, isalie unake kula-gaNa-saMgha prAdi ke sambandha meM paricaya prastuta karane vAlI sAmagrI tathA mAdhanoM kI, bahata kamI hai, phira bhI isa sambandha meM A. amatacandra ke para banI TIkAkAroM tathA lekhakoM ke AdhAra para prakAza DAlA jA ThAkura kula-paM. prAzAdharajI ne apanI anagAradharmAmRta kI TokA meM "enacca vistareNa sanakUrAmatacandrasari viracita samayasAra TIkAyA draSTavyam" vAkya kA prayoga kiyA haiM / isa meM amRtacandrasUri ko "ukkura" zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai / yaha Thakkura zabda hindI meM ThAkura pada kA vAcaka " tathA sammAnita kula kA dyotaka hai / isase jhAta hotA hai ki A. amRtacandra kisI kulIna gharAne se sambandhita the| saMbhava hai ye 'ThAkura. vaMza' ke hoN| DaoN. lAlabahAdura zAstrI ne eka navIna kalpanA kI hai ki 1. 'amanacandra munIndravAta atha zrAvakAcAra, adhyAtamamI mahA prAyaH chaMda ___maar|"pu. si.. daulatarAma , aMtimaprazasti pRSTha 165 2. nannArthasAra, TIkAkArakRta aMtimaprazasti pRSTha 212 ''ama tandu mahAmurinAnA nayavizAdaH" 3. pravacanasAra, tattvapradIpikA TAkA, maMgalAcaraNa padya *. 3 4. anagAra dharmAma ta TIkA, 'pRya 588 5. jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa, bhAga 2. pRSTa 173 paM. balAza candra zAstrI 6. tIrthakara mahAvIra tathA unako yAcArya paramparA, bhAga 2. pRSTha 403

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60 } [ zrAcArya amRtacandra vyaktitva eva tu tva 2 amRtacandra yaha nAma "candra" padAMta hone se amRtacandra candravaMzI ThAkura honA cAhiye, parantu yaha anumAna hI pratIta hotA hai kyoMki isakA koI Thosa AdhAra nahIM hai| phira bhI AcArya amRtacandra kA ThAkuravaMzI yA kulInavaMzI honA to pramANita ho hI jAtA hai / dravir3a saMgha tathA amRtacandra AcArya prabhUtacandra tathA zaMkarAcArya samakAlIna the| zaMkarAcArya amRtacandrAcArya ke "AtkhyAti" meM varNita vicAroM se prabhAvita the| AtmakhyAti TIkA tathA zaMkara kA zArIrika bhASya bahuta kucha samAna hai tathA zaMkara eka avasara para apane ko eka dravir3a zrAcArya dvArA prabhAvita kahate haiM, isalie prophesara e. cakravartI ne prAcArya zramRtacandra ko dravir3a saMdhI anumAnita kiyA hai / ukta anumAna ke bhI koI bhI AdhAra upalabdha na hone se AcArya amRtacandra ko dravir3asaMghI bhI nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / dravisaMgha kI mAnyatAeM bhI mUlasaMgha se viparIta haiM / unakA poSaNa amRtacandra ke sAhitya meM kahIM bho nahIM milatA ataH ve dravir3asaMghI siddha nahIM hote / putrAsaMgha tathA amRtacandra sultAnapura ( pazcimakhAnadeza-mahArASTra) ke eka mUrtilekha meM amRtacandra ke ziSya vijayakIrti kA nAma punnAgurukula ke aMtargata ullikhita hai| ukta lekha 1154 san kA hai / ukta punATa saMgha bAda meM kASThAsaMgha meM parivartita huA tathA isakA nAma lADavAgar3a gaccha ho gyaa| ukta ullekha se amRtacandra ke punnATasaMghI hone saMbhAvanA vyakta kI jA sakatI haiM parantu ukta vijayakIrti ke guru amRtacandra prakRta amRtacandra nahIM hai| unhoMne svayaM bhI apane kisI ziSya kA kahIM bhI ullekha nahIM kiyA / unake pazcAvartI lekhakoM ne bhI ukta prakAra kA 1. AcArya kundakunda aura unakA samayasAra pRSTha 324 2. sabhavasAra (aMgrejI prastAvanA, pRSTha 160-161. prakAzaka, bhAratIya jJAna - pITha, banArasa, 1650 2. khar3e khar3e bhojana vidhi kA niSedhaka, koI vastuprAmuka nahIM, munijana khetIrojagAra karAveM, vasatikA banavAveM, zraprAguka jalasnAna kareM, pratimAe~ vastrAbhuSaNasahita hotI hai ityAdi dravir3a maMtra kI viparIta mAnyatAe~ haiM / janendra siddhAnta koza bhAga-1, pRSTha 342-243 4. jaina zilAlekha saMgraha, bhAga-5, DaoN0 vidyAdhara joharApurakara, pRSTha 46, lekha kramAMka

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jIvana paricaya / kahIM bhI kathana nahIM kiyA hai| dUsare ukta lekha vikrama kI terahavI sadI ke prArambha 1211 kA hai jisameM vijaya kIti kA amRtacandra ke ziSya ke rUpa meM ullekha hai| ukta samaya malavArImAdhavacaMdra ne. ziSya bhaTArakhA amRtacandra kA avazya hai parantu prakRti prAcArya amRtacandra kA nahIM / unakA samaya to dasavIM vikrama sadI hai / ataH prakRta amRtacandrAcArya ke pugnATasaMghI hone ke koI bhI pramANa nahIM haiN| kASThAsaMgha tathA zramatacandra- vartamAna prAcArya vidyAsAgara ne amRtacaMdrasuri kRta samayasArakalazoM ke aAdhAra para 'mijAna'' enaM "kalazAgIta" nAma se hindI padyAnuvAda kiyA hai| "nijAmRtapAna" padyAnuvAda kI prastAvanA cetanA ke gaharAva zIrSaka ke antargata AcArya amRtacaMdra ko kASThAsaMbI likhA hai| ukta mAnyatA kI puSTi hetu unakA tarka hai ki amRtacandra ne pravacanasAra kI cUlikA meM 10-12 gAthAnoM kI TIkA nahIM likhI jabaki unake paravartI jayasenAcArya ne TIkA likhI hai| ukta gAthAoM meM strImukti niSedha kA prasaMga iSTa nahIM thaa| dUsare amRtacandra kRta TIkA ke anta meM kASThAsaMgha kI paramparA kA jJAna karAyA hai isalie jayasena mUlasaMgha ke tathA amRtacandra kASThAsaMgha ke siddha hote haiN| upayukta mAnyatA ekadama navIna kalpanA pratIta hotI hai kyoMki prathama to kASThAsaMdhI bhI mUlasaMgho kI bhAMti strI mukti ko svIkAra nahIM karate haiM / yadi strImukti mAnanA kASThAsaMgha kI mAnyatA hoto to yaha prAropa ki "amRtacandra ko strImukti niSedha prasaMga iSTa nahIM thA isalie kASThAsaMghI the" vicAraNIya hotaa| dUsare AcArya amRtavandra ne kASThAsaMgha kI kisI bhI mAnyatA kA kahIM bhI kisI grantha meM poSaNa nahIM kiyA hai jisase unheM kASThAsaMghI kahA jaataa| tIsare, kASThAsaMgha kI gurvAvali meM bhI amRtacandra kA kahIM nAmollekha nahIM hai| cauthe rAyacaMdra jaina zAstra 1. nijAma napAna, pATa 2. vahI, pRSTa 3. kApyAsaMgha kI pramukha mAnyatAeM haiM- gAya kI pUcha bI picchi rakhanA, striyoM ko dIkSA danA, zullakoM ko vIracaryA kA vidhAna karanA. muniyoM ko kar3e bAloM ko pichi rakhane kA upadeza. rAtribhojana tyAga nAmaka chaThavAM guNavata (arAtrata) mAnanA, strImuki niSeca, sarvastramukti niSedha tathA vanImukti kA niSedha karanA ityAdi / (dapenamAra nAthA naM. 34, 35, 36) * An Pritome of Jainism by Pooranchand Nabar and Krithachand Ghosh (Scc Appendix D) Publisbed by H. Duby Gulab Kumar Library, 45 Indian Mirror Street, Calcutta- 1917.

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62 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva mAlA se prakAzita pravacanasAra (dvitIya AvRtti) ke anta meM prazasti dI hai jise eka anya saMskaraNa meM "TIkAkAra kI prazasti" zIrSaka se chApA hai jabaki ukta prazasti TIkAkAra AcArya amRtacandra ko nahIM hai kyoMki ukta prazasti meM vikrama saMvat 1466 meM rAjA vIramadeva ke kAla meM hue bhaTTAraka hemakIrti kA vivaraNa diyA hai tathA unake saMghastha harirAja brahmacArI kA ullekha kiyA hai| ukta sampUrNa prazasti meM amRnacandra kA kahIM nAma bhI nahIM haiN|' pravacanasAra tathA unakI TokAoM ke pramukha adhyetA svargIya DaoN. e. ema. upAdhye ne bhI ukta prazasti ko pratilipikAra ko hI mAnA hai, usakA amRta candra se koI bhI sambandha nahIM hai|' prazasti meM ullikhita hemako ti avazya kASThAsaMgho pratIta hote haiM jisase prazasti sambandhita hai| kASThAsaMgha kI gurvAvali meM hemakIrti kA ullekha 65 nambara para hai| pAMcaveM, kASThAsaMdhI kaI bhaTTArakoM ne samayasAra, paMcA stikAya Adi granthoM kI pratilipiyAM karAI tathA unameM guru paramparA kA vivaraNa diyA aura apane ko kundakandAnvayI bhI likhA to kyA kundakundAcArya ko bhI kASThAsaMghI mAna liyA jAve parantu yaha bAta kisI bhI samajhadAra ko mAnya nahIM ho sktii| isI taraha amRta candra ko bhI kAzasaMghI nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| chaThaveM, AcArya amRtacandra aise asAdhAraNa AcArya hue haiM jinhoMne apanI kRtiyoM meM kahIM bhI apane guru tathA unakI paramparA aura kula, saMgha Adi kA koI bhI ullekha nahIM kiyA prataH ukta prazasti unakI batAnA sarvathA anacita evaM nirAdhAra hai| sAtaveM, prAcArya devasena ne kASThAmagha ko janAbhAsI, mithyAtva tathA unmArga pracAraka likhA hai| jabaki AcArya amRtacandra kI samasta kRtiyA~ mUlasaMtrI siddhAntoM kI sampoSaka evaM pracAraka haiM, unheM kASThAsaghI batA kara unake vyaktitva evaM kRtitva ko kalaMkita karanA tathA unheM apramANika ThaharAnA hogaa| isase mUlasaMghoya AcArya paramparA tathA ArSanathoM ko prAmANikatA para bhI AMca AyegI isalie binA koI Thosa 1. sanmati gaMdeza. mArca 80, pRSTha 18, lekha-paM. baMzIdharajI zAstrI ema. e. 3. The Frasesti Printed at the end has Terthing to do with Amrtachzodra but it belongs possibly to Ascribe of aM.S. (See Pravachanasara's Introduct ion, Page 91-98) 3. An Epitome of Jainisru-(Appendix E) 4, darzanasAra, gAyA 34 tayA 36

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jIvana paricaya ] pramANa yA AdhAra ke AcArya amRtacandra ko kASThAsaMghI nahIM kahA jA sktaa| AThavIM bAta vicAraNIya rahatI hai ki amRta candra kI TIkA tattvapradIpikA meM ukta strImukti prasaMga viSayaka gAthAeM kyoM chUTI haiM ? isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki prathama to AcArya amRtacandra ne kevala strImukti niSedha prakaraNa viSayaka hI gAthAe nahIM chor3I apitu anya prakaraNa viSayaka gAthAeM bhI chor3I haiN| prabacanasAra meM hI aisI do gAthAoM para prAcArya amatacandra ne koI TIka nahIM likhI jinameM mAsAMhAra vA doSa batAyA gayA hai / isakA yaha artha nahIM nikAlA jA sakatA ki AcArya amRtacandra ko mAMsAhAra ko doSa batAnA iSTa nahIM thaa| isI taraha strImukti prakaraNa sambandhI gAthAoM kI TIkA ke abhAva meM ''amatacandra ko strImukti prakaraNa kA niSedha iSTa nahIM thA yaha mAropa bhI nahIM lagAyA jA sktaa| dUsare, zvetAmbara jaina sampradAya meM strImukti prakaraNa ko iSTa mAnA gayA hai| isake atirikta ve sabastra (sanatha) guru, kevalI ke kavalAhAra Adi kaI bAteM iSTa mAnate haiM jabaki AcArya amatacandra ne apane tattvArthasAra meM "pari grahadhArI ko guru mAnane kA) tathA kovalI ke kavalAhAra mAnane kA' virIta mAnyatA athavA viparIta mithyAtva kahakara khaNDana kiyA hai / isase spaSTa hotA hai ki jahA~ amRtacandra sanatha (savastra, saparigrahI) ko guru bhI mAnane kA niSedha vArate haiM, vahIM ve sarvastra strI ko mukti kaise mAna sakate haiM tathA jaba unhoMne zvetAmbara mata sammata ukta do mAnyatAoM kA spaSTa rUpa se khaNDana kiyA hai laba be strI mukti sambandhI tIsarI mAnyatA kA samarthana kaise kara sakate haiM ? tIsare, gAthAoM kI kamI tathA amRtacandra kI TIkA na hone kA kAraNa yaha abazya ho sakatA hai ki de gAthAeM amRtacandra ke samakSa upalabdha prati meM hoMgI hI nahIM, anyathA ve unake sambandha meM kucha na kucha sUcanA avazya dete / cauthe yaha sambhava pratIta hotA hai ki adhyetA vidvAn yA sAghu kucha prAsaGgika yA aprAsaGgika 1. pravacanasAra, gAthA 226 ke bAda "pake su a Amasu" - tathA " pakkamapakka" ityAdi do gAthAeM chaTI hai / tathA saMyama aura dayA nirupaka anya do gAthAe~ bhI chor3I haiM jo kramazaH 239 tathA 366 gAthAe~ ke bAda pAtI haiN| 2. sagrantho'gi ca nigrantho mAsAhArI ca clii| rUcirevaMvidhA rAtra viparItaM hi smRtam / / 6 / / tatvArthasAra adhikAra 5, padya. 6

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64 ] / AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartutva gAthA hAsie para noTa kara dete haiM aura lipikAra pramAda yA ajJAnavaza unheM bhI mUla bhAga meM zAmila kara lete haiN| jayasenAcArya ke samakSa aisI hI prati rahI hogii|' isIlie kevala eka hI TIkA meM gAthA bheda nahIM hai apitu tInoM TIkAoM meM gAthAbheda milatA hai / 2 pA~cave jayasenIya TokAoM meM jo atirikta gAthAe~ haiM unameM adhikAMza to aisI haiM jinake grantha meM hone yA na hone se mUla viSaya meM koI vyavadhAna nahIM AtA hai| pravacanasAra kI hI 36 atirikta gAthAoM kA anuzIlana karane para jJAta hotA hai ki inameM adhikAMza gAthAe~ namaskArAtmaka haiN| zeSa gAthAe~ saMbaMdhita viSaya ke vizeSa spaSTIkaraNa hetu haiN| isI taraha paMcAstikAya kI jayaronIya TIkA meM 8 gAthAeM adhika haiN| inameM 7 gAthAyeM mati, zrata, avadhi, manaHparyaya tathA kevalajJAna aura ajJAna ke svarUpa kI prakAzaka hai' tathA eka gAthA 6 prakAra ke skaMdhoM kI sUcaka hai / 6 samayasAra kI jayasenIya TIkA meM 22 mAthA adhika haiM jinameM kucha gAthAe~ atrAsaMgika hai, kucha punarAvRtta haiM tathA kucha vizeSa spaSTIkaraNa hetu haiN| isa prakAra gAthAbheda para sUkSmAvalokana karane para amRtacandra ke kASThAsaMghI siddha hone ke koI pramANa yA saMketa upalabdha nahIM hote| chaThaveM, gAthAbheda kevala amRtacandra evaM jayasena kRta TIkAoM meM hI nahIM hai apitu anya TIkAoM meM 1. sanmatimaMdeza. mAtra 80, pRSTha 18, lekha-. vaMzIdhara zAstrI, ema. e. 2. pravacanamAra, paMtrAsniAya tathA samayasAra para amatacandra ne kramazaH 275, 173 tathA 425 gAthAnoM para TIkA likhI hai, jabaki jayasana ne kramazaH 311, 11 tathA 437 pr| TIpa-samayaprAbhRtaM, sampAdaka paM. gajAdharalAla, meM 445 gAthAe~ hai jabaki samayasAra sampAdaka-muni jAnasAgara, aMgrejI saMskararA-je. ena, janI va mecyumake (1950) 437 gAthAe~ haiN| 3. isameM 10 gAthAe~ namaskArAtmaka haiM jo kramazaH gA. 16. 52. 65, 68 vI, 76, 6 . 2, 62, 62 va, 200 4. zeSa 26 gAthAe~ pratijJAvAkya, astikAya, bandhaniyama, IyArAmiti, parigraha niSedha, strImukalaMjana, gramAda ke kAraNa, mAMsadoSa, pAhAra, saMyama tathA anu vAmmA viSayaka mpaSTIkaraNArtha haiN| 5. ve 7 gAthAe~ kramazaH 81 gA ke bAda kI 6 tathA 106 gA ka bAda kI eka gAthA hai| 6. svadhapabheda sUcaka gAthA 106 gA ke bAda kI hai| 7, samayasAra, paM. valabhadra pra., pRSTha 5

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jIvana paricaya ] bhI gAthA bheda pAyA jAtA hai, udAharaNa ke lie svayaM jaya sena ne samayasAra zrI yAyaH nayara 13:46 ya; 252 ye cAra gAthAeM chor3a dI haiM jina para amRtacandra ne TIkAe~ likhI haiM, parantu jayasena ne koI TIkA nahIM likhii| una gAthAoM meM prayama do meM sAMkhyamata sammata "jIva pudgala dravya ko karmabhAva se pariNamAtA hai|" isa tarka kA khaNDana tathA pudgala dravya kA pariNAmasvabhAvapanA siddha kiyA gayA hai|' tIsarI gAthA meM "para dvArA Ayakarma kA haraNa saMbhava na hone se apanA maraNa kiyA jAnA saMbhava nahIM hai" tathA cautho gAthA meM "para dvArA Ayakarma diyA jAnA saMbhava na hone se apane lie jIvana diyA jAnA saMbhava nahIM hai" isa prakAra siddhAntoM kA nirUpaNa hai| isa para se yaha phalita karanA, ki jayasena ko sAMkhyamata kA ukta tarka khaNDana karanA iSTa nahIM thA tathA unheM parakRta AyaharaNa tathA AyapradAna ke siddhAMtoM kA khaNDana bhI iSTa nahIM thA, kadApi ucita nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / gAthA bheda ke sambandha meM dUsarA udAharaNa prabhAcandrAcArya kA hai jinhoMne pravacanasAra kI jayasenIya TIkA meM upalabdha ekA gAthA chor3a dI hai| use amalacandra ne bhI 188 gAthA ke bAda chor3A hai| ukta chUTI huI gAthA gommaTasAra karmakANDa kI 163 vI gAthA hai / isase yaha bhI siddha hotA hai ki kisI vidvAn adhyetA ne gAthA 188 meM varNita baMdhaprakaraNa se sAmya rakhane vAlI ukta gommaTasAra kI gAthA hAMsiye para likha lI hogI jise pratilipikAra ne pravacanasAra kI mAnakara prakaraNa meM sammilita kara liyA hogaa| aisI hI prati jayasena ke samakSa hogii| use jayasena ne pravacanasAra kI gAthA mAnakara TIkA likha dii| isa sambandha meM tIsarA udAharaNa bAlacandra kA hai| unhoMne bhI pravacanasAra meM jayasenIya TIkA meM prayukta atirikta gAthAoM kI kannar3a meM TIkA nahIM likhii| 1. 'ayajIvaH pudgaladravyaM karmabhAvena pariNAmayati tato na saMsArAbhAvaH iti taka;" isa tarka kA khaNDana gA. 116 tathA 120 meM kiyA gayA hai. jise jayasena ne __ chor3a diyA hai| 2. "suhUpayaDIga vimAhI tibbo amuhAraNa saMkileseNa / vivarIdeNa jahaNo aNubhAga sabbapayaDIgaM // ' 163 // gommaTasAra karmakANDa 3. pravacanasAra, (aMgrejI) dvitIya saMskaraNa, pRSTha 1-7, prastAvanA DaoN. e. ena. upAdhye

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[ AcArya amRta candra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva cauthA udAharaNa dhavalA ke prathama bhAga kA hai| isake amarAvato se prakAzita tathA solApUra se prakAzita saMskaraNoM meM gAthA saMkhyA meM bheda hai| isI prakAra mUlArAdhanA (bhagavatI ArAdhanA) kI paMDita sadAsukhadAsa kI TIkA meM gAthA 808 se 812 taka nahIM hai jabaki paM. jinadAsa pArzvanAtha phar3akule kRta TIkA meM ye gAthAyeM haiN| isameM bhI aparAjita sUri kRta vijayodayA saMskRta TIkA upalabdha hai, parantu mAzAdhara kRta mUlArAdhanA meM darpaNa TIkA nahIM hai / " puruSArthasiddhayupAya (marAThI) bhASAtara meM kula 166 zloka hai 177-226 taka ke 30 padya chor3a diye gae haiM tathA kRSNAjI nArAyaNajI jozI kRta puruSArthasiddhaya pAya TIkA meM gAthA naM. 70 chor3a dI gaI hai| ukta gAthA meM svayaM patitamadhu khAne kA niSedha hai / isake atirikta 227 nambara kI gAthA milA dI gaI hai| ukta 227voM ko gAthA ke parIkSaNa se jJAta hotA hai ki lipikAra ne bhUla se puruSArtha sidbhayaprAya ke anta meM "puruSArthasiddhayapAya nAma jinapravacanarahasya kozaH samAptamiti" isa gadya vAkya ko padya samajhakara gAthA kramAMka de diyA hai| isI prakAra 370 varSa prAcIna kapar3e para kI gaI hastalikhita pratilipi meM samayasAra kalaza ke 16 padya chor3a diye gaye haiN| jo samayasAra kalaza meM 71-86 taka upalabdha hote haiN| isI prakAra tiloyapaNNati grantha meM 1340 gAthAyeM prakSipta haiM tathA mulanathakartA ke pratikUla haiN| isI prakAra paMcAstikAya kI 111 vIM 1. amarAvatI (barAra) se prathama saMskarasAI, 1636 meM (seTha lakSmIcandra zitAbarAya jana sAhityoddhAraka phaMDa amarAvatI) prakAzita huaA thaa| 2. jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha solApUra dvArA 1673 I., meM isakA dvitIya saMskaraNa prakAzita kiyA gayA / 3. isa saMskaraNa meM pRSTha 401 para 4 gAthAeM adhika haiM, jo prazrama saMskaraNa meM nahIM haiN| 4. bhagavatI prArAdhanA, pRSTha 330 phUTanoTa 5. puruSArthasiddhayupAya (marAThI) kRSNAjI nArAyaNa jozI kRta 1867 I. 6. samayasAra kalaza kI hastalikhita kapaSTe para aMkita prati vi. saM. 1668 digambara jaina teraha paMthI mandira jayapura meM upalabdha / 7. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, dvitIya saMskaraNa, pRSTha 11

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jIvana paricaya ] 1 67 3 gAthA prakSipta mAnI gayI haiM / ' ukta 111 vIM gAthA ko paMcAstikAya ke aMgrejI saMskaraNa meM sammalita nahIM kiyA gayA hai| jabaki ukta graMtha ke dvitIya saMskaraNa meM ukta gAthA ke prakSipta hone kI sUcanA bhI dI gaI hai / isa saMdarbha me 5 candra zAstrI ne likhA hai ki nAcArya amRtandra ne 28 mUlaguNoM meM nagnatA kA ullekha kiyA hai / zranyatra yathAjAtarUpa kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai, ataH unheM kASThAsaMghI mAnanA mahaja bhrama hI hai / kASThAsaMgha ko jainAbhAsa mAnakara amRtacandra ko balAt usase sambaddha karanA ucita nahIM hai| mUlasaMgha ke saMsthApaka AcArya kundakunda ke graMthoM para TIkA racane vAle tathA jinazAsana prabhAvaka aura adhyAtma saritA pravAhita karane vAle AcArya amRtacandra ke sambandha meM kisI bhI prakAra kI anyathA kalpanA ucita nahIM hai| jinheM adhyAtma sA nahIM hai ve to kundakunda ko bhI nahIM chor3ate, kintu kundakunda digambara jaina zAsana ke sUtradhAra haiM, ataH kisI kI kucha calatI nahIM 1 amRtacandra to unhIM ke anugAmI haiM / * isa taraha sarva prakAra se sUkSma parIkSaNa tathA vicAra karane para AcArya amRtacandra kASThAsaMdhI siddha nahIM hote / nevisaMgha tathA prAcArya prabhUtacandra- " puruSArthaM siddhayupAya" ke kartA AcArya amRtacaMdra 962 vikrama sambat meM jIvita the yaha bAta paTTAvaliyoM tathA pAzcAtya vidvAnoM kI riporToM se pramANita hotI hai / nambisaMgha kI paTTAvala meM AcArya kundakunda hue, usI saMgha meM prAcArya amRtacaMdra kIrti hue haiM / nandisaMgha ke AcAryoM ke nAma ke anta meM nandi, candra, tathA bhUSaNa zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai / amRtacaMdra kA nAma bhI 1. jaina nibandha ratnAvalI, pRSTha 246 2. paMcAstikAya e. cakravartI, sekreDa buksa zrAka dI jainAja yAnaka 3 1920 I. 3. paMcAstikAya bhA. jJA. pra. dillI, 1975 6. 4. laghutaravasphoTa (anuvAda DaoN paM. pannAlAla jaina sAhityAcArya) pra. pRSTha 7, 1681 I. 4. vahI, pRSTha 7, 8 6. puruSArthaM siddhayupAya, prastAvanA pRSTha 4 ( paM. nAthUrAma premI) rAyacaMda jaina zAstra mAlA 7. tattvAnuzAsana, prastAvanA pRSTha 50, bIra nirvANa samvat 2431

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[ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva candrAMta hai tathA eka sthala para amanacandra ko amRtanandi nAma kA prayoga milatA hai|' 'nandi' pada kA nAmAMta meM prayoga hone se amRtacandra kA nandisaMgha kA honA sAdhAra pratIta hotA hai| tIsare amRtacandra kundakunda ke nijAmRta rasa ke rasika the| ve kundakunda ke ananya ziSya tathA bhakta the| kundakunda kA nandisaMghI honA pramANita hai / 2 taba unake anagAmI ziSya amRta candra kA bhI nandisaMghI honA svAbhAvika hai| nandisaMgha mUlasaMdha kA eka sarvAdhika prAmANika tathA prAcIna saMgha hai| prAcArya kundakunda bhIH | mahAvIra tIrthakara tathA gautama gaNadhara ke anantara tIsare sthAna para smaraNa kiye jAte haiN| unake grantha tathA granthokta siddhAnta bhI gaNadharae tulya pramANatA ko prApta haiM / aise prAmANika granthoM, siddhAMtoM ke asAdhAraNa TIkAkAra AcArya amRtacandra kA mUlasaMgha kI prAmANika zAkhA ke antargata honA sahanasiddha hai / cauthe, ramA barAcArya vijayama meM amRta candra ko mUlasaMgha kA anuyAyI likhA hai| isI AdhAra para paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI ne prAcArya amRtacandra ko kASThAsaMghI AcAryakRta "DAhasI gAthAoM" kA kartA mAnane kA khaNDana kiyA hai / kaI granthakAroM ne unheM mUla saMghI| AcArya hI mAnA hai| ____ isa taraha AcArya amRtacandra ke saMgha nirNaya para paryApta UhApoha evaM pramANoM ke AdhAra para hama niSkarSa rUpa se yaha kaha sakate haiM ki prAcArya amRtacandra sunizcita hI mUlasaMgha kI nandisaMghI paramparA ke bhAcArya the| 1. kannar3a prAMtIya tADapatrIya granthasUcI, pRSTha 15, saMskaraNa prathama 1948 I. 2 janendra siddhAnta koza, prathama bhAga, pRSTha 343, kundakunda kA aparanAma pananaMdi.. bhI hai jisameM naMdi zabda anta meM pAyA hai kyoMki ve naMdisaMghI the|" 3, vahI, pRSTha 343 4. jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa, bhAga 2, pRSTha 174 5. vahI, pRSTha 174 6. (i) tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA, bhAga 2, pRSTha 403 (i) paM. pravara banArasodAsa ne bhI apane "samayasAranATaka" kI prazasti meN| prAcArya amRtacandra ko kundakunda kI paramparA kA hI likhA hai / yathAH"kundakundAcArija prathama gAthA baddha kari, samaisAra nATaka vicAra nAma dayau hai| tAhI kI paramparA amRtacandra bhaye tina,saMskRta kalaza samhAri sukha layo hai // 20 // 7. puruSArthasisayupAya (marAThI madyAnuvAda) prastAvanA, pRSTha 17

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jIvana paricaya ] [ 69 prAcArya paramparA meM amRtacandra kA sthAna Adi tIrthakara bhagavAna RSabhadeva se lekara aMtima tIrthakara bhagavAna mahAvIra paryanta akSuNNa gati se pravAhita jaina adhyAtma, yoga, siddhAnta, , tattvajJAna tathA prAcAra mUlaka paramparA ko aMga-pUrva jJAnadhArI AcAryoM ne bhalI bhAMti pracalita tathA prasArita kiyA, kintu ukta paramparA maukhika rUpa se hI pravamAna rhii| pazcAt IsvI san (38 se 66) meM AcArya gharasena ne isa paramparA meM atyaMta suyogya do prAcArya ziSyoM ko sUzikSita kiyaa| ve donoM AcArya zramaNoM kI likhita zrutaparamparA ke "sUrya tathA candra' kI bhAMti "prakAzaka bane / unake nAma haiM prAcArya puSpadaMta / 66 se 101 IsvI)lathA AcArya mahasa(66se :16 IvIzAcarmadvapa ne sarvaprathama 'SaT khaNDAgama zruta kI racanA kI, jisameM zramaNaparamparA se prApta siddhAnta tathA tattvajJAna viSayaka gaMbhIratamajJAna bhaNDAra bharA hai| prAcArya puSpadaMta bhUtabali ke hI samakAlIna prAcArya guNadhara (57-156 IsvI) hue jinhoMne "kaSAyapAhar3amatta' kI racanA kara ukta jJAna bhaNDAra ko vizeSa rUpa se samRddha evaM sampuSTa kiyaa| unake pazcAt AcArya kundakunda (padmanaMdi) I. 127-176 ) hue jinake kAla meM anavarata pravahamAna digambara jainAcAryazramaNaparamparA meM navInazAkhA kA janma (IstrI dvitIya sadI meM) huA jo zvetAmbara jaina paramparA ke rUpa meM vikasita huI / kundakunda digambara jaina zramaNaparamparA, jo ki mUla tathA prAcIna paramparA thI, ke pramukha bane rhe| unakA saMgha mUlasaMgha yA kundakundAnbaya ke nAma se vizruta banA rhaa| unhoMne mula saMgha kI digambara paramparA ke AcAra tathA vicAroM ko pUrvavat kAyama rakhA, abaki nabIna utpanna zvetAmbara zAkhA ne mUlasaMgha ke prAcAra. tathA rIti rivAjoM ko chor3akara nirgrantha-nagna (digambara) paramparA ke AcAra kA parityAga kara diyA tathA "zvetavastra' pahinanA prArambha kara diyaa| mUla saMgha kI digambara paramparA kI surakSA tathA avicchinnatA banAye rakhane ke kAraNa AcArya kundakunda kA nAma tIrthaMkara mahAvIra va 1. jainadharma, pRSTha 261. siddhAntAnArya paM. kailAzacandra 2. vahI, pRSTha 261 tathA dekhiyeH-- " An Epitome of Jainism by Puranchand Nahar & Krishna Chandra Ghosh (1917), Page 10. (Introduction). "Gradually the manners and customs of the Church changed aud Original Practics of going abroad naked was a handoned. The scetic began to wear th> White Robe".

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70 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva J gautama gaNadhara ke pazcAt tIsare sthAna para liyA jAne lagA / unake pazcAdvartI digambarAcAryoM ne apane ko kundakundAnvayI athavA mUla saMghI mAnane meM gaurava kA anubhava kiyA. AcArya kuku ko punabida prAcIna zramaNaparamparA kA pratIka mAnA jAne lgaa| kundakunda kI prabhutA kA mahattva isI bAta se pramANita hai ki digambara jainoM meM Aja taka jitanI bhI mUrtiyAM mandiroM meM tIthoM meM tathA caityAlayoM meM deza-videza meM jahAM kahIM pratiSThita kI gaIM, una saba para AcArya kundakundAnnAya kI mudrA ko avazya aMkita kiyA gayA / digambaroM meM to yahAM taka uktiyAM pracalita ho gaI ki "hue, na hai, na hohiMge munIdrakundakunda se / " AcArya kundakunda jaina adhyAtma tathA jaina tattvajJAna donoM ke ho puraskartA the / eka ora jahAM unhoMne apane mahAgrantha "samayaprAbhRta" ke dvArA jaina adhyAtma kA prasthApana kiyaa| vahIM dUsarI ora pravacanasAra - paMcAstikAya dvArA jaina tattvajJAna ko mUrtarUpa pradAna kiyaa| sAtha hI niyamasAra, aSTapAhur3a dvArA jainAcAra kI mUla vimalasaritA ko pravAhita kiyA / uparyukta jaina adhyAtma, jenatattvajJAna tathA jainAcAra kI triveNI ko Age bar3hAne, vikasita karane tathA pracAra-prasAra karane meM kaI mAcAryoM ne apanI maulika tathA TIkAkRtiyoM dvArA bahumUlya yogadAna diyA / unameM kucha pramukha AcArya tathA unakI kRtiyAM nimnAnusAra haiM / ( IsvI dUsarI sadI ke ) AcArya umAsvAmI dvArA racita tasvArtha sUtra 'jainoM kI bAIbila' kI mahattA ko prApta hai / samantabhadrAcArya ( tIsarI sadI IsvI) dvArA viracita svayaMbhUstotra devAgamastotra, yuktyanuzAsana, jinastutizataka Adi gambhIra tatrajJAna viSayaka tathA 'ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra' jainAcAra viSayaka sarvazreSTha kRtiyAM haiN| pA~cavIM sadI ke AcArya pUjyapAda (devanandi ) kRta samAdhitantra tathA iSTopadeza kRtiyA~ kundakunda ke adhyAtma se anuprANita haiN| adhyAtmarasa se sarAbora ina kRtiyoM kA kundakunda kI adhyAtma dhArA ke vikAsa meM asAdhAraNa 1. maMgala bhagavAn vIro, maMgalaM gotamo gaNI / maMgalaM kundakundAryo, jainadharmo'stu maMgalam || 2. kavivara vRndAvana dvArA racita stuti kA eka kAvya ( paMcAstikAya pra.pra. 1 IsvI san 1915) 3. jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa, bhAga 2, pRSTha 65

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jIvana paricaya / yogadAna hai| isake atirikta tattvArthasUtra kI TokA sarvArtha siddhi jaina tatvajJAna kI udghATaka TIkAkRti hai / chaThavIM sadI ke AcArya joindu (yogendudeva) dvArA praNIta yogasAra tathA paramAtmaprakAza adhyAtmAmRta se bharapUra kRtiyAM haiN| guNabhadrAcArya kI kRti 'prAtmAnuzAsana' adhyAtmAmRta kA anupama niSya hai| AcArya akaSakadeva ne saTazI, pagasaMgraha, nyAyavinizcaya, laghIyastraya, siddhivinizcaya tathA rAjabArtika Adi praur3hatama-vidvatApUrNa grantha racakara janatattvajJAna tathA jaina nyAya ko pallavita, pujigata tathA phalita kiyA / inake hI anagAmI (IsvI navamI sadI meM) AcArya vidyAnandi hue jinhoMne prAptaparIkSA, pramANaparIkSA, patraparIkSA, yuktyanuzAsana TIkA, aSTasahasrI tathA zlokavArtika prabhRti mahAnadArzanika gambhIra tattvajJAna nirUpaka graMthoM kA praNayana kara ukta triveNI ke prayAha ko gatimAna kiyaa| kundakundAcArya kI isa sahasravarSIya paramparA meM hI AcArya 'amRtacandra' pUrNa caMdra kI bhAMti avatarita hue, jinhoMne kundakunda se prabahamAna triveNI kI eka nahIM, tInoM hI dhArAoM ko apane asAdhAraNa vyaktittva dvArA vikasita kiyA tathA apanI anupama arthagAmbhIryayukta kRtiyoM dvArA gati pradAna kii| yadi samagra jainAcArya paramparA meM kundakunda mArtaNDa banakara samagra AcArya paramparA ko alaukika adhyAtma ba tattvajJAna se Alokita karate haiM to AcArya amatacandra sahasravarSa pazcAt pUrNacandra banakara apanI uttaravartI sahasravarSIya adhyAtma-tattvajJAna tathA AcAra paramparA ko apanI AdhyAtmika kRtiyoM se sampuSTa tathA sambadhita karate haiN| sAtha hI paramAnanda rasa ke pipAsujanoM ko adhyAtmAmRta kA pAna karA kara alaukika zAnti pradAna karate haiN| unakI TIkA likhane kA uddezya ho bhavya jIvoM kA hita karanA tathA paramAnanda ke pipAsUnoM ko adhyAtmAmRta kA pAna karAnA hai| AcArya amalacandra dvArA pratipAdita -pravAhita triveNI meM abagAhana karane ghAle aneka AcArya, vidvAna, lekhaka, sampAdaka tathA adhyetA hae haiM, jo eka hajAra varSa kI sudIrgha paramparA ke poSaka evaM prasAraka hue haiN| unameM kucha ke nAma isa prakAra haiM - AcArya amitagati prathama tathA dvitIya 15 IsvI se 1021 ke bIca), tattvAnuzAsana ke kartA rAmasena, prAcArya padmaprabhamaladhArIdeva, muninAgasena (bArahavIM sadI IsvI), AcArya jayasena, AcArya prabhAcandra, (terahavIM sadI IsvI) bAlacanda (caudahavIM sadI IsvI) zubhacandra bhaTTAraka (IsvI 1616), paNDita

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72 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva rAjamala pANDe ( IsvI 1584) paNDita banArasIdAsa (IsvI 1636), paNDita ToDaramala, paNDita sadAsukhalAla paNDita jayacanda chAbar3A (aThAharavIM sadI IsvI) paNDita gopAlazAha ( 1612 IsvI), a. zItalaprasAda paNDita gajAgharalAla, paNDita manoharalAla ( 1614 IsvI se 1916 ), santa kAnajI svAmI ( 1662 IsvI), gaNezaprasAda varNI Adi (unnIsavIM tathA bIsavIM IsvI sadI) ke zatAdhika vidvAn / isa prakAra AcArya amRtacandra ko hama kundakunda kI mUlasaMgha kI do hajAra varSIya sudIrgha AcArya paramparA meM madhya candra kI bhAMti pAte haiM jo apanI pUrvavartI AcArya paramparA se prakAzita haiM tathA apanI uttaravartI sahasravarSIya paramparA ko prakAzita karate haiN| ve kundakunda kI adhyAtmAgama tathA AcArya paramparA kI prAcAryamAlA ke madhyastha kohinUra haiM jinase samagra mAlA suzobhita hotI hai| AcArya amRtacandra AcArya kundakunda ke ananya rasika, upAsaka vyAkhyAtA haiN| ve kundakunda ko apane hRdaya meM biThAkara kSetrakRta antara ko dUra kara cuke haiM tathA unake siddhAMta va zradhyAtma kA rasAsvAdana kara kAlakRta dUrI ko bhI samApta kara cuke haiM / itanA hI nahIM, ve kundakunda ke bhaviSya dRSTA haiM jinhoMne kundakunda ke bhavasamudra kA kinArA samIpa dekha liyA hai| sAmIpya ko hI dekhakara vidvajjanoM ne unheM kundakunda kA gaNadhara tulya bhASyakAra mAnA hai / sAtha hI unheM kundakunda kA avatAra kahakara pukArA hai / ve garimApUrNa AcArya pada para pratiSThita the kyoMki AcArya pada kI garimA ke yogya samasta viziSTa guNoM se samalaMkRta the / * jaina paramparA meM uttama zaraNabhUta tathA zreSTha rUpa meM 5 pada hI mAne gaye haiM / ' ye pAMca pada hai arahaMta siddha, AcArya, upAdhyAya tathA sAdhu / inheM "paMcaparameSThI" kahA jAtA hai / ina pAMcoM meM AcArya pada tRtIya sthAna para pratiSThita hai jo upAdhyAya tathA sAdhu ina donoM padoM se vizeSa mahAnatA evaM gaurava kA pratIka hai| prAcArya "cara" dhAtu se banA hai jisakA artha prAcaraNa karanA hai / ataH zrAcArya kA prAcaraNa anukaraNIya 1. raNamo arahaMtANaM, Namo siddhANaM, sabhI grAiriyANaM / Namo uvajjhAyANaM, Namo loe samva sAhUNaM // dhavalA pustaka eka pRSTha

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jIvana paricaya ] [ 73 - .. . hotA hai| amarakozakAra ne AcArya kA artha karate hue likhA hai ki jo maMtra kI vyAkhyA karane vAlA, yajJa meM yajamAna ko AjJA dene vAlA aura pratoM ko dhAraNa karane vAlA ho vaha AcArya hai / paM. AzAdhara ne likhA hai ki AcArya kA kAma mantra kI vyAkhyA karanA hai / mantra sarvajJa kI vANI ko kahate haiM / AcArya pada kI pratiSThA, mahAnatA tathA gurutA ke sambandha meM jainAgama meM bhI AcAryoM ne spaSTa prakAza DAlA hai / AcArya yogIndudeva ne AcArya ke svarUpa para prakAza DAlate hue likhA hai ki nizcaya vyavahAra rUpa paMcAcAroM se yakta, muddhApayoga kI bhAvanA se sahita tathA vItarAga nirvikalpa samAdhi kA svayaM AcaraNa karane aura karAne vAlA prAcArya hai| AcArya ke paMcAcara, paMcendriyarUpI hAthI ke mada ko dalana karane kI yogyatA tathA anya gaMbhIra guNa hote haiN| AcArya vIrasena ne AcArya pada kI mahAnatA para vizad prakAza DAlate hue likhA hai ki jo darzana, jJAna cAritra, tapa, vIrya, ina pAMcoM AcAroM kA svayaM AcaraNa karatA hai aura dUsare sAdhuoM se AcaraNa karAtA hai, use prAcArya kahate haiN| jo tatkAlIna svasamaya aura parasamaya meM pAraMgana hai, meru ke samAna tizcala hai, pRthvI ke samAna sahanazIla hai, jisane samudra ke samAna doSoM ko bAhara pheka diyA hai aura jo sAta prakAra ke bhaya se mukta hai use AcArya kahate haiN| prabacAnarUpI samudra ke jala ke madhya snAna karane se arthAt paramAgama ke paripUrNa abhyAsa aura anubhava se jinakI buddhi, nirmala ho gaI hai, jo nirdoSa rIti se SaTa prAvazyakoM kA pAlana karate haiN| jo zUravIra haiM, siMha ke samAna nirbhIka haiM, nirdoSa haiM, deza, kula aura jAti se zuddha hai, saumya mUrti haiM, antaraMga bahiraMga parigraha se mukta hai, AkAza ke samAna nilepa haiM, aise AcArya 1. janani kAvya kI pRSThabhUgi, DaoN. premasAgara pa 61 2. amarakoza (liMgAnuzAsana) kAyasiMhAmarasiMhakRta padya naM. 13 3. sahasranAma, saM. paM. hIrAlAla zAstrI, pRSTha 85 4. vizuddhajJAnadagAravabhAvazuddhAtmatatvasamyavAdvAnajJAnAnuSTAnabadrivyecchAniva tirUpaM tapazcaragaM svazasvanabagahanavIyarUpAbhedapaMcAcArarUpAtmaka zuddhopayogabhAvanAntabhUnaM vItarAganinikAlgasamAdhi svayaM prAcarantyanyAnAcArayatIti bhava tyAcAryAstAnahaM vaMde / " (paramAtma prakAza, e.ena. upAdhye pRSTha 14) 5. niyamasAra, gAthA 73 6. dhavalA pustaka eka, pRSTa 49-50 gAthA 29, 30, 31

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74 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva eva kartRtva parameSThI hote haiN| tathA jo saMgha ke saMgraha arthAt dIkSA dene aura anugraha karane meM kuzala haiM, jo sUtra (paramAgama) ke artha meM vizArada hai, jinakI kIrti saba jagaha phaila rahI hai, jo sAraNa (AcaraNa) tathA vAraNa (niSedha) aura zodhana arthAt pratoM kI zuddhi karane vAlI kriyAoM meM niraMtara udyata rahate hai unheM prAcArya parameSThI samajhanA caahie| prAcArya amRtacandra aise hI gaMbhIratama, gurutama, evaM mahAnatama pada se suzobhita the| amRcandra kI kRtiyoM tathA paravartI lekhakoM ke mokha ro yA nadI ra gita ho jAtA hai ki amRtacandra meM una samasta vaiziSTyoM ko vidyamAnatA thI jo AcArya parameSThI meM honA cAhie / AcArya amRtacandra svayaM bhI paMcAcAra ke pAlaka the aura auroM ko bhI paMcAcAra ke pAlana kA upadeza bhI unhoMne spaSTa rUpa se apanI kRti pravacanasAra kI TIkA "tattvapradIpikA" meM diyA hai| unhoMne dIkSAvidhi tathA paMcAcAra kA spaSTa evaM vizada vyAkhyAna kiyA hai / paMcAcAra meM ve likhate haiM ki graho ! kAla, vinaya, upadhAna, bahumAna, anilava, artha, vyaMjana aura tadubhaya rUpa jJAnAcAra ko maiM tabataka ke lie dhAraNa karatA hU~ jabataka tere prasAda (nimitta)se meM zuddhAtmA ko prApta kara lUM / niHzaMkita, nikAMkSita, nivicikitsA, amUDhaSTi, upagahana, sthitikaraNa, vAtsalya aura prabhAvanA rUpa darzanAcAra, mokSamArga kI pravRtti ke kAraNabhUta paMcamahAvrata, tIna gupti, pAMca samiti rUpa cAriprAcAra, anazana-avamodayaM prAdi bAraha tapa rUpa tapAcAra tathA samasta itara AcAra meM pravRtti karAne vAlI svazakti ke agopanarUpa bIryAcAra haiN| ina pAMcoM ko nizcaya se zukhAtmA se bhinna jAnatA humA bhI taba taka ke liye dhAraNa karatA hai jaba tere prasAda se zuddhAtmA ko prApta kara luuN|' ve prAge yaha bhI likhate haiM ki uparokta paMcAcAra ko dhAraNa karake zrAmapyArthI praNata tathA anugRhIta hotA hai| praNatavidhi para prakAza DAlate hue prAcArya amRta candra likhate haiM ki jo AcaraNa karane tathA mAcaraNa karAne meM Ane vAlI samasta virati kI pravRtti ke samAna hone se zramaNa haiM, zramaNa kA AcaraNa karane tathA prAcaraNa karAne meM pravINa hone se guNADhaya haiM, samasta laukika janoM dvArA saMvya (sevA yogya) hone se aura kulakramA 1. bhaklA pustaka 1, gAthA 31 2. pravacanamAra, baravapadIpikA, TIkA caraNAnuyoga sUcaka culikA gAthA 202 3. pravacasAra, TIkA pRSTha 310-311

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jIvana paricaya ) / 75 gata krUratAdi doSoM se rahita hone se kulaviziSTa haiM, antaraga zuddha rUpa kA pratIka bahizaddha rUpa se jo rUpaviziSTa haiM, bAlyAvasthA tathA vaddhAvasthA kI buddhiviklavatA se rahita aura yauvanodreka kI vikriyA se rahita hone se vaya biziSTa haiM, yAkta zramaNAcAra kA pAlana karane tathA karAne sambandhI pauruSeya doSoM ko naSTa kara dene se mumukSAoM ke atiAzrayarUpa tathA zramaNoM ko ati iSTa haiM aise gaNo ke nikaTa jAkara mujhe zuddhAtmatattva ko upalabdhi se anugRhIta pherI kahatA huA praNata hotA hai pazcAt gaNI prAcArya dvArA "tujhe zuddhAtmatatva ko upalabdhi ho" aisA kaha kara anugRhIta kiyA jAnA anugRhIta vidhi hai / isa prakAra prAcArya amRtacandra ne dIkSA vidhi kA vizad spaSTa vyAkhyAna kiyA hai| pazcAt yathAjAtarUpaghara zramaNa ke lie 5 mahAvrata (ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya tathA aparigraha), 5 samiti (IA, bhASA, eSaNA, AdAnanikSepotsarga) 5 indriyajaya, 6 Avazyaka tathA 7 guNa isa taraha adAIsa mUlaguNoM kA svasvara ra kathana kiyA hai| prAge zramaNacaryA kI vistRta vyAkhyA se spaSTa hai ki prAcArya amRtacandra bhI eka mahAna prAcAryapadAnukUla sarvaguNa sampanna, jainAcAra paramparA tathA siddhAnta meM niSNAta the| kundakundAcArya tathA unako paramparA meM praNIta pUrvAcAryoM ke samagra paramAgamarUpa samudra meM avagAhana karake ve apane AtmA ko nirmala banAne meM saMlagna the| samayasAra kI AtmakhyAti TIkA meM prArambha meM hI TIkA racanA kA uddezya paramavizuddhi prApta karanA likhA hai|' eka padya dvArA 1. nato hi zrAmaNyArthI pragato'nugRhItazca bhavati / tathAhi-prAcaritAcAritasama stavirati vRttisamAnAtmarUpazcAmaNyatvAna zramaNaM, evaMvidhAmaNyAcaraNAcaraNapravINatvAt gugaNADhya, sakalalaki kajananiH zaMkabhavanIyasyAt kulakramAgatakrauryAdidoSajinattvAcaca kulaviziSTa, antaraMgazurUpAnumApAbahiraMga zuddharUpatvAt rUpaviziSTa, zavavAryakyakRtabuddhiviklavatvAbhAvAdyauvanodre kabipiyA vivinAbuddhityAcca vayoviziSTa, nigeyitayathAktazrAmaNyAvaraNAcA raNaviSayagauruSeyadoSatvena mumukSubhirabhyupaganataratvAn zramapariSTataraM ca mazina zuddhAtmatatvopalambhasAdhakamAtrArya zuddhAtmatatvopannambhasiddhayA mAmananugRhANeAyugamapan prarAno bhavati / evamiyaM te suddhAtmatatvopatnambhasiddhiriti nema prArthitArthena rAyujyamAno'nugRhIto bhavati / pravacanasAra gAthA 203 TIkA 2. vahIM, gAthA 205, 206, 208, 206 3. mabhayamArakalaza, kramAMka 3

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1 AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva yaha bhI ghoSita kiyA hai ki jinavacanoM (paramAgama) meM ramaNa karane vAloM kA moha rUpa vikAra kA vamana ho jAtA hai, ve apane sukhAtmA (samayasAra) kA darzana yA AtmAnubhuti prApta karate haiM / ' unakI svasamaya parasamaya pAraMgatatA to unakI praur3hatama, tAkika tathA naiyAyika bhASya zailI meM pada pada para dekhane ko milatI hai| samayasAra kalaza kA maMgalAcaraNa rUpa prathama padya hI isakA puSTa pramANa haiM jisameM zuddhAtmA ko namaskAra karate hue unake vizeSaNoM dvArA kaI parasamayoM (paramatoM) kA khaNDana tathA svamata (svasamaya kA maNDana kiyA gayA hai| jJAnI kI meruvat nizcalatA kA ullekha bho amRtacandra ne samayasAra kalaza TIkA meM kiyA hai| sAta prakAra ke bhayoM se jJAnI kisa prakAra mukta hotA hai isakA sahetuka vivecana bho unakI TIkA meM upalabdha hai|4 ve AtmapuruSArtha sUcaka svAnubhava prakAzaka prakaraNoM meM zArdUlavikrIDita chaMda dvArA apanI zUravIratA kA paricaya dete pratIta hote haiM / ve sagarva udghoSa karate haiM ki maiMne samyagyarzana-jJAna-caritrarUpa nijAzrama ko prApta kiyA hai| maiM sAmyarUpa zramaNapane ko prApta huuN| maiM mokSamArga kA praNetA huuN| maiM mokSAdhikArI hUM, maiMne mohasenA ko jItane kA upAya jAna liyA hai| maiM pramAda coroM ko nAza karane hetu kaTibaddha ho cukA hai| maiM apane anubhavarUpa ciMtAmaNi ratna kI rakSA meM sadA tatpara rahatA huuN|' ityAdi ghoSaNAeM amRtacandra ke prakhara-prabhAvazAlI vyaktitva ko paricAyaka hai| ve jinasUtroM OM marmajJa the, kundakunda ke paramAgama ke vizeSajJa aura AcAra-vicAra meM sadA sAbadhAna rahate the| ve jinendra stuti ke mAdhyama se jinavANI ke rahasyodghATaka the / ve svayaM eka sthala para likhate haiM ki jo koI bhadhyajIva amRtacandrasUri ke jJAna dvArA gRhIta paripUrNa arthasaMyukta RSabhAdi tIrthaMkaroM 1. ubhayanavirodhadhvaMsini syAtpadAke jinavacasi ramate ye svayaM vAMtamohA. / sapadi samayasAra taM paraM jyotirUmacarana vamanayapakSAkSuNNamIkSata eva / / 4 / / samayasArakalaza 2. namaH rAmayasArAya svAnubhUtyA cakAsate / cisvabhAvAma bhAvAya sarvabhAvAMtaracchide // 1|| samayasArakalaza 3. samayamAra kalaza, 154 4. vahIM, kamAMka 155 se 160 taka / 5. vahI, kramAMka 153 me 161 saka / 6. pravacanamAra, tatvapradIpikA, gAthA 5 kI TIkA / 7. bahI, gApA 200

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jIvana paricaya / [ 77 ko nAmAvali hA stuti kA cintana karate haiM be sakala vizva ko pI jAte haiM, arthAt sarvajJa ho jAte haiM tathA unheM karma nokarma prAdi kadApi grahaNa nahIM kara sakate / ' - isa prakAra uparyukta prAcAryatva kI kasauTI para amRtacandra nA vyaktitva zuddhasvarNa kI bhAMti kharA, nirdoSa aura prabhAvazAlI prakaTa hotA hai| ve AcArya paramparA meM dhra vatAre kI bhAMti mokSamArga kI dizA ke darzAne meM samartha hae haiN| unakI kRtiyAM mokSamArga kI prakAzastaMbha haiN| isakA ullekha tattvArthasArakRti meM svayaM amRtacandra ne kiyA hai| ve tattvArthasAra nAmaka apanI kRti ko mumukSayoM kI hitakArI tathA sraSTa svarUpa nirUpaka mokSamArga kA ekIkahA , usakI racanA prAraMbha karate haiN| ve tatkAlIna praduSita vAtAvaraNa ke pariSkartA, janAcArya paramparA meM Agata zithilatAoM ke unmUlaka, munimArga (zramaNa paramparA) ke saMrakSaka, jaina tattvajJAna ke prasAraka tathA jaina adhyAtma ke ratnAkara the / unhoMne AcArya paramparA ke unnayana ke sAtha hI sAtha zrutaparamparA kA sambardhana tathA sampoSaNa kiyaa| zruta paramparA kI rakSA karanA AcAryoM kA eka mahAna kartavya mAnA gayA hai| amRtacandra usa kartavya ke pAlana meM bhI saphala raheM haiM | zrataparamparA kI surakSA tathA svaparakalyANa kartA ke rUpa meM hI ve AcAryoM ke bIca suzobhita hote haiN| isa sandarbha meM ve svayaM likhate haiM ki "samaya kA prakAzaka jo prAbhUta nAmaka arhat prabacana kA avayava hai usakA paribhASaNa (maiM) anAdikAla se utpanna hue apane aura para ke moha vo nAza karane ke lie karatA huuN| bAGamaya ke sajana kA dAyitva unhoMne apane maulika vaiziSTayoM ke sAtha nibhaayaa| sAhitya ke sRjana dvArA jahAM unhoMne kundakunda kI racanAoM para bhASya raca kara AcArya paramparAoM kA saMvardhanoM, saMrakSaNa evaM prakAzana kiyA, vahIM maulika kRttiyoM dvArA janAcAra tathA jaina tattvajJAna ko vikasita kiyaa| unakI samasta kRtiyoM meM adhyAtma kI pramukhatA dRSTigocara hotI hai| saMkSepa meM hama AcArya amRtacandra ko jaina adhyAtma ke rasika, jaina tattvajJAna-siddhAnta ke marmajJa, jainAcAra ke sAkSAt pratIka ke rUpa meM pAte haiN| ve jainAcArya paramparA ke samujvajla tathA prakAzamAna AcArya ratna haiN| 1. laghutatvasphoTa--padyamAMka 25 ye bhAvayansya vikanAthaSatI jinAnAM, nAmAvalImamRtacandra cideka.pItam / vizvaM pibanti sakala kila lIlava, pIyanta eva na kadAcana te pareraNa // 25 // 2. samayaprakAzakasma prAbhRtAhvayasmAtpravacanAvayavasya svaparayoranAdi mohaprahAragAma bhAvavAcA havyavAcA va paribhASAmupakramyate / / samayasAra gAthA 1 (prAtmakhyAti TIkA)

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tRtIya adhyAya vyaktitva tathA prabhAva prAcArya amRta candra kA vyaktitva (prAcArya amRtacandra asAdhAraNa vidvAna tathA pratibhAzAlI kavIndra the| ve anekAMtasvarUpa cidAnaMdAmUna ke pAna karane vAle, zreSTha eva labdhapratiSTha bhASyakAra, maulika grantha praNetA tathA jana siddhAMtoM ke marmajJa vidvAna the| ve siddhAMtavizArada,' nAnAnayavizArada, yatIza, munIndra, munirAja, adhyAtma mArtaNDa,' aMtarmukhakabIndra, vipakSa vijetA, samasta ziSya varga ke pAlaka,nijAtma tattvavettA, svarUpagupta, vyAkhyAtA, AnaMdAmRtacandra,11 kalikAlagaNapara,12 Adi padoM evaM vizeSaNoM se samalaMkRta the| unakA vyaktitva sarvatomukhI tathA prabhAva vyApaka thaa| unake bahumukhI vyaktitva ke aneka pahalu unakI kRtiyoM meM prasphuTita hue haiM jinameM pramukha haiM nATakakAra, vyAkhyAkAra, tArkika aura naiyAyika, bhASAvid, siddhAntajJa, vyAkaraNaza, adhyAtma rasika mAdi / yahAM unake sarvatomukho vyaktitva ke vibhinna rUpoM ko pradarzita kiyA jAtA hai|| 1. kannar3a prAntIya tAr3apatrIya grantha sUcI, 1048 pRSTha (prastAvanA) 15 2. tattvArthasAra, TIkAkAra nivedanam, pRSTha 212 paM, pannAlAla jI / 3. paramAdhyAtmataraMgiNI, prazasti pRSTha 235, padma / 4. puruSArthasiddha yupAya, paM. daulatarAma kRta prazasti pRSTha 105 5. sAmasAra nATaka mAdhyamAdhaka dvAra, paM. banArasIdAsa padya 56 pRSTha 363 6. puruSArtha siddha yupAya (paM. vidyAdharaseThI) 7. vahI (marAThI padyAnuvAdaka-ajJAta) pRSTha 12 prastAvanA 8. paramAdhyAramataraMgiNI, maMgalAcaraNa paba 2 6. samayasAra kalaza 218 10. pravacanasAra padya naM0 20 11. puruSArtha siddha yupAya (pa0 ToDaramala) maMgalAcaraNa padya 12. vahI (marAThI padya azAta) mukhapRSTha

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byaktitva tathA prabhAva [ 76 pracandra nAkAra ke rUpa meM sAhitya rasikoM ko samasta prakAra ke kAvyoM meM nATaka sarvAdhika ramaNIya pratIta hotA hai|' ramaNIyatA kA kAraNa hai nATaka meM vividha prakAra ke saMvidhAnoM kA honaa| jisa prakAra vividha raMgoM se khacita citra sahRdaya darzakoM ke citta meM rasa kA srota paidA karatA hai, usI prakAra nATaka bhI vezabhUSA, natya-gAna nepathya Adi vividha saMvidhAnoM se darzaka ke hRdaya ko AnaMdita evaM prabhAvita karatA hai| isIlie nATyazAstra meM nATaka kI prazaMmA yaha kaha kara kI gaI hai ki aisA koI jJAna, zilpa, vidyA, yoga athavA karma nahIM hai jise nATaka meM na dekhA jA ske| ataH bhAratIya saMskRta vAGamaya meM nATaka kA vizeSa mahatva hai| nATaka ke mahatva ke kAraNa nATakakAra kA mahatva aura bhI bar3ha jAtA hai| kundakunda ke sarvazreSTha grantha samayaprAbhata para AvArya amRnacandra ne "AtmakhyAti" TokA likhI hai, usameM yathAsthAna padyoM kA bhI prayoga kiyA hai| unhoMne isa TIkA evaM padyoM kI abhivyakti ko nATakIya zailI meM prastata kara use nATaka kA rUpa de diyA hai| sAtha hI apanI ukta TIkAkRti meM nATakIya tattvoM kA samAveza bhI kiyA hai| isalie ve apanI kRti ko nATakIya rUpa pradAna karane meM saphala hue haiN| prA. amRtacandra ke sAhityAnazIlana se unake praur3hatama gadya, rasAnabhUtimaya padya tathA ramaNIya nATya sAhitya ke darzana hote haiN| prAcArya amRtacandra ko nATakakAra ke rUpa meM nATayakalA kI kasauTI para kasane ke lie nATaka ke svarUpa tathA usakA para dRSTipAta karanA Avazyaka hai| avasthA ke anukaraNa ko nATya kahate haiM / avasthA se tAtparya hai pAtroM kI cAlaDhAla, vezabhUSA, AlApa-pralApa Adi / vastu, netA tathA rasAbhivyakti ke AdhAra para nATakoM meM bheda kie jAte haiN| nATaka ke prArambha meM raMgabhUmi racI jAtI hai / vahA~ darzaka, nAyaka tathA sabhAsadoM kI 1. kAvyeSu nATakaM ramyam, (dazarUpaka prastAvanA pRSTha 6) 2. saMskRta sAhitya kA itihAsa, DaoN0 baladeva prasAda upAdhyAya, saMskaraNa 1967 pRSTha 445 3. na tajjJAnaM na tacchilpa na sA vidyA na sA klaa| na' sa yogo na tatkarma nAdaye'smin na dRzyate / / nATyazAstra 1/14 4. dazarUpakam, prathama prakAza, paca RkAMka 7 / 5. dazarUpakam, prathama prakANa, padya kramAMka 11

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80 / [ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartutva sabhA hotI hai aura nRtya karane vAle hote haiM, jo vividha prakAra ke svAMga prastuta karate haiM / zRMgArAdi ATha rasoM ko pradarzita karate haiM / ye ATha rasa haiM - zRMgAra, hAsya, raudra, karuNa, bIra, bhayAnaka, bIbhatsa aura adbhuta / ye sabhI laukika rasa haiM parantu navavAM rasa zAMtarasa hai jo alaukika rasa hai| ukta prArambhika ATha rasoM kA adhikAra nATaka yA nRtya meM hotA hai, parama zAMtarasa kA nRtya meM adhikAra nahIM hotaa| sAmAnyatayA rasa kA svarUpa hai jJAna meM jJaya kA jhalakanA tathA jJaya meM jJAna kA tanmaya (tadAkAra) honaa|' athavA kAvya ke paThana, zravaNa yA darzana se jisa se jisa Ananda kA anubhava hotA hai use bhI rasa kahate haiN| nATaka meM eka pramakha rasa hotA hai jisakA paripAka evaM caramotkarSa nATakAnta meM pAyA jAtA hai| yaha pramukha rasa aMgabhUta rasa kahalAtA hai tathA anya rasoM kI abhivyakti aMgIbhUta rasoM ke rUpa meM kI jAtI hai / AcArya amRtacandra ne samayaprAbhUta kI TokA "AtmakhyAti" ko nATakIya zailI meM nATakIya tattvoM kA yathAsthAna' samAveza karate hue prastuta kiyA hai / unhoMne jIvatattva vI sAMsArika avasthAoM kA pAtrAbhinaya dvArA anukaraNa kiyA hai| ve avasthAe~ haiM -kartA-karma, puNya-pApa, Araba, saMvara, nirjarA, bandha, mokSa tathA sarvarizuddhajJAna 1 TIkAkAra ne pratyeka avasthA ko eka svAMga ke rUpa meM prastuta kiyA hai| isa nATaka kI kathAvastu mukhya rUpa se zuddhAtmA kA prakAzana karanA hai| ise hama adhikArika kathAvastu kaha sakate haiM tathA gauNarUpa se navatattvoM kA aura kartA karma kA svarUpa pradarzana karanA hai, jise prAsaMgika kathAvastu kaha sakate haiN| navatattvoM ke varNana meM zuddhAramA hI sarvatra upAdeya evaM vyApta rahatA hai|" "jJAnajyoti" athavA samyamjhAna isa nATaka kA nAyaka hai| vaha nAyaka paramaudAtta aura atyanta dhIra hai| vaha samasta lokAloka ko 1. samayamAbhRta, prAsmakhyAti TIkA, paM. jayanaMdajI (anuvAdaka) pRSTha 6.3 (phalaTaNa 2455 vI se.) 2. dezarUpakam, prastAvanA pRSTha 35 3. samayamAbhRta, paM. jayacaMdajI (phalaTaNa) pRSTha 63 4. "tAvat samaya evAbhidhIyate" samayasAra, gAthA 2 (prAtmakhyAti TIkA) pRSTha 7 5. "tanmuktvA naktatvasaMtatimimAmAramAyameko'stu naH / AtmakhyAti TIkA gAthA 12, kalaza kramAMka 6

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yaktitva tathA prabhAva ! sAkSAt jAnatA hai / vaha udAra, gambhIra, mahAna abhyadaya bAlA, AsavarUpI yoddhA ko jItane vAlA, jJAnarUpI dhanuSa ko dhAraNa karane vAlA tathA ajeya hai / usakA bhojana AnandarUpa amRta hai| vaha japti-kriyArUpa sahaja avasthA ko nacAtA hai| vaha AkUlatArahita (anAvala) tathA parigraha rahita (nirupAdhi) hai| umako jJAnasudhAMzu tathA cinmayajyoti' nAma se bhI abhihita kiyA hai| usa sahaja paramAnanda rasa pUrNa jJAna ko mokSa adhikAra meM kRtakRtya tathA jayavanta pravartane vAlA likhA hai|' antima meM se samasta janatA prAHda sAva kA bhalIbhAMti nAza karane vAlA, pada-pada para baMdha mokSa kI racanA se dUra rahane vAlA, pratyaMta bAda, nijajJAna rasa ke vistAra se acala paripUrNa tejazAlA, TaMkotkIrNa prakaTa mahimA vAlA, jJAnapuMja sphurita hone bAlA likhA hai / nATakakAra amRtacandra ne samayasAra nATaka kA aMgabhUta (pradhAna) rama zAMtarasa darzAyA hai| zAMtarasa alaukika rasa hai| jJAnajyoti nAyaka bhI alaukika nAyaka hai| zuddhAtmA kA nATaka bhI alaukika nATaka hai| isake nATakakAra amRta candra bhI alaukika vyakti haiM, aise nATaka kA darzaka samyagdRSTi caitanyamUrti zAnI alaukika AtmA hai / isIlie nATakakAra ne samasta laukika janoM ko alaukika zAMtarasa meM magna hone ke lie prerita kiyA hai| ve likhate haiM - "he jagajjIvoM anAdi saMsAra se lekara Aja taka anubhava kiye gaye moha ko aba to chor3o aura rasikajanoM ko rucikara, udita hote hue jJAna kA AsvAdana karo / ' yaha jJAna samudra bhagavAna 1. jJAnajyotiH sphurati paramodAttamatyaMta dhor|| sAkSAt kurvana-nirupadhi pRthagdravya nirbhAsi vizvam / / samayasAra kalaza kamAMka 46 2. prathamahAmadanirbharamaMthara, samararaMgArAgatamAstravam / prayamudAragaMbhIramahodayo, jayati dujaMyabodhadhanurdharaH / / samayasAra, aAmrava adhikAra, kalaza naM. 113 3. prAnandAmatanisyabhoji sahajAvasthAM sphuTaM nATayad / dhIrodAramanAkulaM nirupaghi jJAnaM samunmajjati / / ___ samayasAra, baMdha adhikAra, kalaza naM. 163 4. samayasAra kalA 100 (avabodhasughAplavaH) 5. vahI, kalaza 125 6. vahI, kalaza 18 // 7. vahI, kalaza 163 8. 'cinmUrata nATaka dekhana hAro' nATaka samayasAra, paM. banArasIdAsa, pRSTha 63 6. tyajatu jagadidAnI mohamAjanmalInaM, rasayata rasikAnAM rocanaM jJAnamudyat / samayasAra kalaza kramAMka 22

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82 ] / AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartR stra AtmA, vibhramarUpI cAdara ko samUlatayA Dubokara, svayaM sarvA garUpa se pragaTa huA hai| isalie aba samastaloka isake zAMtarasa meM eka sAtha magna ho jAo, vaha zAMtarasa samasta loka paryanta uchala rahA hai|' isaprakAra ukta nATaka meM zAMtarasa ko pramukha rUpa se rasAbhivyakti huI hai| vizeSa itanA hai ki sAMsArika (laukika) nATakoM meM ye rasa jar3atva ko lie hote haiM, parantu isa samayasAra kalaza TIkA meM ye rasa AdhyAtmikatA se otaprota haiN| ye rasa aAtmA ke vikAsa ko pUrNatA pradAna karane meM samartha haiN| __"TIkAkAra ne Arambha kI 38 gAthAoM kI TIkA ko raMgabhUmi sthala ke rUpa meM prastuta kiyA hai| vahA~ nATaka dekhane vAle samyagdRSTi darzaka haiM aura anya mithyAdRSTi puruSoM ko sabhA hai, / nRtya karane vAle jIva aura ajotra padArtha haiN| una donoM ke ekapane rUpa tathA kartAkarmapane Adi rUpa svAMga hai / ve paraspara ATha ramarUpa hokara pariNamate haiM, vahI unakA natya hai| yahAM sammAdhi jora sI ena sthAMga | paMpAMdhatA jAnakara zAMtarasa meM nimagna rahatA hai| ajJAnI unameM yathArthapanA mAna lIna ho jAte haiN| unheM bhI yathArtha jJAna karAkara zAMtArasa meM lIna karAkara samyagdaSTi banAte haiN| AcArya amRtacandra ne vizva ke raMgamaMca para navatattvoM kA svAMga dikhalAyA hai| paramazAMtarasa kI pArzvabhUmi para nabatattvoM ke nATya meM navarasoM kA AviSkAra apUrva evaM alaukika hai, kyoMki vaisA anyatra kahIM dekhane ko nahIM milatA / 5 AcArya amRtacandra kI kRtiyoM ke viziSTa adhyetA DaoN. e. ena. upAdhye ne unako TokAkRtiyoM ko nATakIya zailI kA samarthana karate haA likhA hai-"yadyapi paMcAstikAya, pravacanasAra tathA samayasAra ko sAmAnyatayA nATakatrayI pukArA jAtA hai, parantu vAstava 1, majjantu nirbharamamI samameva lokA, Alokamucchala ti zAMtarase samastAH / pAplAnya vibhrama tiraskariNI bhareNa pronmagna eSa bhagavAnavabodhasiMdhuH / / samayasAra kalaza kramAMka 32 2. amRtajyoti, prastAvanA, nAnakacaMda jaina-eDavokeTa rohataka, 1961 3, """karata na hoya tinhako tamAsagIra hai|" samayasAranATaka, pRSTha 78 4. samayaprAbhUta, prAtmakhyAti TIkA anuvAdaka paM. jayacaMda jI chAbar3A (phalaTaNa ro prakAzita dI. ni. saM0 245 pRSTha 63-64) 5. prAcArya zAMtisAgara janmazatAbdI smRtigrantha, dvitIya bhAga pUruTha 26

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] meM kevala samayasAra hI aisA grantha hai jisake prakaraNa "saMsAra ke nATaka" ko saMketa karate haiM, jisameM jIva tathA ajIva nATakIya pAtra haiM jo mAnava Adi kA svAMga pradarzana karate haiM, isalie ise nATaka pukArA jAnA ucita hai| isI kAraNa prAbhatatrayI ko nATaka nayI pukArA jAne lgaa| amRtacandra sarvaprathama vyakti pratIta hote haiM, jinhoMne samayasAra ko nATakIya rUpa pradAna kiyA hai unhoMne apanI TIkA meM isa sambandhI vibhinna saMketoM ko jahAM tahAM vikoNa kara use atyadhika, ucita nATakIya rUpa pradAna karanA cAhA hai| prAraMbhika vibhAga ko pUrvaraMga nAma se abhihita kiyA hai| ukta kRti ko aMkoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai| nATakIya bAbdAvali ke pravizati, niSkrAMtaH ityAdi zabda aMka ke prAraMbha tathA anta meM prayukta hue haiM / prAcArya amRtacandra jahAM tahAM aura bhI aise zabdoM kA prayoga karate haiM jo saMskRta nATakoM meM sAmAnyatayA upalabdha hote haiN| eka bAta yaha bhI dhyAna dene yogya hai ki ema. zUyalara kI saMskRta nATakoM kI nAmAnakramaNikA meM prAcArya amRtacandra ko, unake nAma ke samakSa samayasAra ke sAtha nATakakAra ke rUpa meM ullekhita kiyA gayA hai / 2 AcArya amRtacandra kI pramukha TIkA kRti "prAtmakhyAti' meM nATakIya tattva yatra tatra pracuramAtrA meM vikIrNa haiM, udAharaNa ke lie una tatvoM kA saMkSipta vivaraNa isa prakAra hai| AtmakhyAti TIkA ke prArambhika kalaza meM nAMdIpATha, dvitIya kalaza meM "AzIvarcana", tRtIya kalaza meM anubandha catuSTaya, TIkA 1. pravacanasAra, prastAvanA, pRSTa 46 (aMgrejI anuvAda) 'Though it has been usual to call Pancastikaya, Pravacanasara and Samayasara as Nataka-trai, it is, in fact, Samayasara alone, whose contcats refer to the drama of Samayasara in which live ead Ajive are thedramatis personae playing the the role of akrave etc., that is fit to be called Nataka. It is from this that all the three works which constituted the Prabhrlatrayi came to be called Natakas. Amritacandra appears to the first to give this desisnation 10 Samayasara, and he wanted to make it more appropriate by various indications scattered all over his commentary. The introductory section is called "Furva Ranga', thework isdivided into Ankas or acts, dramatic terms like niskrantah, pravisati etc. are used at the end and beginaig of different chaplers from the end of the second chapter, and he uses here and there, other terms quite usual in Sanskrit dramas." (Sec-Pravacanasara latroduction, Pay:46 and also Fontinute) i.e. It is interesting to note that Amriacandra, with Samayasara against his name, Had a place, as a playwright, in M. schuyler's Bibliography of the Sanskrit Drama, Page 24

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[ AcArya amanacandra : vyaktittva evaM kartRtva raMbha meM "prathamutrAvatAraH" zabdoM dvArA "sUtradhAra" tathA prArambhika 30 gAthAoM kI TIkA dvArA pUrvaraMga sthala kI sucanA ityAdi saMketa nATyazAstrIya paramparA ke paricAyaka haiN| samaya (zuddhAtmA) ko samayasAranATaka kA nAyaka batAyA hai jo zAMtarasa kA rasiyA hai, dhIra, udAtta evaM anAkula ina tInoM zAMta rasa ke prAbhUSaNoM se susajjita hai / ' "majjaMtu" zabda dvArA nATAkAraMbha athavA aMkArambha kI sUcanA dI hai| sAtha hI zAMtarasa meM magna hone kI samasta jagat ko preraNA kI hai| nATakakAra amRtacandra svayaM likhate haiM ki mahAna aviveka ke nATaka meM varNAdimAna pudgala hI nAcatA hai, anya nhiiN| jIva ajIva ke ekasva rUpa svAMga dhAraNa karane para moha hI nAcatA hai| kintu "samaya" nAyaka ukta natya ko dekhatA-jAnatA hai / jaba ve hI jIva-ajIva ekatva rUpa svAMgagharakara kartA-karma ke veza meM raMgamaMca para pAte haiM, taba bhI jJAnajyoti nAyaka parama udAtta, atyaMta dhIra tathA gaMbhIra hI banA rahatA hai / nAyaka kI ukta gaMbhIratA tathA jJAnaprakAza kI sthiratA ke kAraNa katakima rUpa pAtra apanA svAMga chor3akara raMgamaMca se cale jAte haiM / yahI dvitIya aMka samApta hotA hai| tatIya aMka meM prAraMbha meM puNyapApa rUpa do pAtroM ke veza meM eka karma hI praveza karatA hai, parantu niSkarma avasthA se pratibaddha, utkRSTa rasayukta jJAnarUpa nAyaka ke daur3akara Ane para karma ukta donoM vezoM kA parityAga kara raMgabhUmi chor3akara calA jAtA hai| pratyeka aMka ke prArambha meM nAyaka kI zreSThatA tathA aMkAMta meM usake puruSArtha aura prabhAva ke prakarSarUna ko pradarzita kiyA gayA hai / tRtIya aMka kI samApti para jJAnajyoti nAyaka ke prakarSarUpa kA citraNa karate hue nATakakAra likhate haiM ki moharUpI madirA 1. samayasAra kalaza 33, AtmakhyAti TIkA gAthA 36 se 43 kI usthAnikA / 2. vahI. kalaza 32 3. asminnanAdini mahatyaviveka nATaye varNAdimAnnaTati (samayasAra kalaza 44) 4. "mohaH nAnaTIti" (vahI, kalaza 43) 5. samayasAra kalaza, 66 tathA 46 6. iti jIvAjIvo katR karmaveSavimuko niSkrAMtau / prAramakhyAti TIkA pRSTa 228 / 7, athakameva kama dvipAtrIbhUya puNyapAparUpeNa pravizati / vahI, pRSTha 226 8. samyaktvAdinijasvabhAvabhavanAnmokSasya heturbhavan / naSkaryapratibaddha muddhatarasaMjJAnaM svayaM dhAvati / / samayasAra kalaza 106

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva / | 85 ke pIne se, bhramarasa ke bhAra ke kAraNa, zubhAzubha karma ke bhedarUpa unmAda ko nacAne vAle samastakoM ko apane bala dvArA jJAnajyoti samula ulAr3a pheMkatI hai aura apane sAmathrya ko pragaTa karatI hai / vaha jJAnajyoti adhakAra ko nigala jAtI hai, lIlAmAtra (kSaNabhara) meM vikasita ho jAtI hai aura paramakalArUpa kevalajJAna ke sAtha kor3A karatI hai| caturtha aMka ke prArambha meM Asrava svAMga dhAraNa kara madonmatta yoddhA ko bhAMti praveza karatA hai| raMgabhUmi kA svarUpa aba samarabhUmi meM pariNata ho jAtA hai| samarAMgaNa meM Aye, mahAmada se bhare hue madonmatta Asaba ko dhanurdhArI durjaya jJAnarUpa nAyaka jIta letA hai| yaha jJAnayoddhA udAra gambhIra tathA mahAna udaya vAlA hai / 2 isa aMka meM samabhUmi tathA yoddhAoM ke pradarzana dvArA nATakakAra ne vIra rasa kI saSTi kI hai| Age pAMcaveM tathA chaThaveM aMka meM saMvara tathA nirjarA rUpa do pAtra kramazaH raMgamanca para Ate hai tathA apanA apanA svarUpa pradarzita kara cale jAte haiN| jJAnanAyaka una donoM ke svarUpa kA yathAvat jJAtA mAtra banA rahatA hai| sAMtaveM aMka meM "bandha" rUA svAMga praveza karatA hai jo rAga ke udayarUpa mahArasa-madirA ke dvArA samasta jagat ko matavAlA karake, ramabhAva se rAma ke matavAlepana se nAMcatA hai, use bhI jJAnanAyaka haTA detA hai tathA svayaM udaya ko prApta hotA hai / ' pAThaveM aMka meM 'mokSa'" rUpa svAMga praveza karatA hai / " tathA baha bhI apanA svarUpa dikhAkara raMgamanca se calA jAtA hai / isa prakAra raMgabhUmi para jIva-ajIva kartA-karma, puNyApA, Asrava, sabara, nirjarA, bandha aura mokSa ye ATha svAMga pAye, unhoMne apane apane DhaMga se nRtya kiyA, apanA svarUpa pradarzana kiyA SC 1. bhadonmAda bhamarA bharAnnATayapIta mohUM, mUlonmulaM ga kalamapi nAma kRtvA calena / helo mIlatpara makannayA sAcaM mArabdhakenni, jAna jyotiH kalinatamaH projajambhe bharegA / / samayagAra laza 112 / / 2. atha mahAmadanirbharamanthara, mabhararaMgaparAgatamAsrava / prayamudAragaMbhIramahodayo, jati durjayatrodha vanurdharaH / / 113 / / 3. rAgodgAramahAra sena sakalaM kRtvA pramahaM jagat / / zrIDantaM rasabhAvanirbharamahAnATyena baMdhaM dhunat....jAnaM samunmati / / 163 / / / 4. aya pravitti mokSaH / pRSTha 412 5. iti mokSo niSkrAMtaH / pRSTa 440

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86 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva tathA raMgamanca se cale gye| parantu jJAnanAyaka ina sabhI kA jJAtA duSTA banA rahatA haiM / aMtima (navameM) aMka meM zAnajyoti AtmA (samaya-rUpa) nAyaka apane "sarva vizuddhajJAnarUpa" asalI svarUpa ke sAtha raMgamanca para AtA hai| aura jJAnIjanoM ko apanA parama udAra udAtta svarUpa dikhAkara sadAkAla prazamarasa (zAMtarasa) ke pAna kI preraNA karatA hai| isakI preraNA hai ki he jJAnIjanoM, aviratapane se (nirantara karmacetanA tathA karmaphala cetanA kI biraktirUpa bhAvanA ko nacAkara, samasta ajJAnacetanA ke pralaya ko spaSTatayA nacAkara, nija rasa se prApta apane svabhAva ko pUrNa karake. apanI jJAnacetanA ko Ananda pUrvaka nacAte hue, aba sadAkAla prazabharasa kA pAna karo / 2 isa antima aMka ke aMta meM nATaka kA samApana karate hue nATakakAra amRtacandra ne jJAnasvarUpI Atma-nAyaka kI sarvaasA pradarzita kara, usakA hai| Alambana karane kI praraNA dI hai| ve likhate haiM ki yaha samayasAra hI eka mAtra jagata ko jAnane vAlA advitIya tathA akSaya netra hai jo apane Anandamaya vijJAnadhana svabhAva ko pratyakSa kara pUrNatA ko prApta hotA hai| aise samayamAra ke anubhava kI preraNA hetu ve likhate haiM mi-adhika kathana karane se kyA prayojana ? bahana vikalpoM se bhI praba basa homo, basa hoo tathA isa ekamAtra ramArya svarUpa kA hI nirantara anabhava kro| nijarasa ke prasAra se pUrNajJAna sphurAyamAna hotA hai aise samayasAra se zreSTha anya koI padArtha nahIM hai| isa taraha AcArya mRtanandrakA upatitva sapAla nATakAmAra ke. khana meM praspUTita pAte haiN| unakI AtmakhyAti samayasArakalazayukta TIkA vizva kI prathama saMskRta 1. atha pravizati marga vizuddhajJAnam samayasAra prAtmakhyAti TIkA paSTa 441 2. atyanta bhAvayitvA viratimavirataM karmazAstatphalAcca / praspaSTa nAyitvA pralayanamakhilAjJAna saMcetanAvAH / / purNa kRtvA svabhAva svarasaparigata jJAnacetanAM svAM, gAnandaM nATayataH prakhamarasamitaH sarvakAlaM pibantu / / samayasAra kalaza 233 / / 3. idameka jagaJcakSa rakSa yAti pUrNatAM, vijJAnaghanamAnandamayamadhyakSatA tayat / / samayasAra kalaza 245 / / 4. alamalamati jagadu vikalparanaparayamiha paramArthacasyatA nityamekaH / svarasavisarapUrNajJAna visphUtimAtrAnna khalu rAmayasArAduttaraM kicidasti / / 244 //

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] [ 57 kAvyakRti mAnI jA sakatI hai, / ' jo nATakIya zailo meM upalabdha hai| nATakoM meM pratIkanATaka bhI hote haiN| prAtmakhyAti TokA "pratIkanATaka" kI koTi meM AtI hai| pratIka nATakoM meM bhAvAtmaka tattvoM athavA manogata bhAvoM ko pAtra banAkara nATakIya abhinaya dikhAyA jAtA hai / isa prakAra kA prayAsa sarvaprathama azvaghoSa ne kiyA hai| unakI racanAoM meM manobhAvoM ko pAtra banAkara prAdhyatmika citana pratIkAtmaka paddhati se prastuta kiyA gayA hai / aise pratIka nATakoM kI racanA huI bhI ho to aisI racanAeM prakAza meM nahIM pApAI haiN| isa zailI kI pramukha vizeSatA mAnava mana ke sUkSmatatvoM ko pAtroM ke rUpa meM pradarzita karake adhyAtma ke duya rahasyoM ko bodhagamya banAne ke prayAsa meM jhalakatI hai| dArzanika viSaya inane gahana evaM zuSka hote haiM ki unameM rasa utpanna karanA marUbhUmi meM jalasrota pravAhita karane jaisA dUSkara kArya haiN| uparya kta tathyoM ke prakAza meM hameM AcArya amRtacandra eka saphalatama pratIkanATaka vizeSajJa pratIta hote haiM / unakI prAtmakhyAti TIkA meM ramaNIya nATayazalI athavA pratIkAtmaka gAdamAgalI ke banate haiM : 3. tapAdra ne hAra bhAvAtmavA navatattvoM kakama tathA puNyapApa bhAdi tathyoM ko mAnaboya rUpa meM pAtrAbhinaya tathA vibhinna svAMgoM dvArA vyakta kiyA hai| gadyAtmaka-TIkA tathA padyAtmakAkalazoM-donoM ke dvArA adhyAtma ke sUkSma va gahanatatvoM ko sugama, subodha tathA bAlabuddhigamya banAne meM apUrva saphalatA pAI hai| ve svaya likhate haiM ki aba ajJAnI aprativaddha ko samajhAne kA prayAsa karate haiN| ve apanI abhinaya zailI dvArA jaina adhyAtma evaM darzana ke rahasyodghATana meM to saphalatA prApta karate hI haiM sAtha hI bhAvAnukula gadya tathA prasaMgAnukula paJca racanA dvArA svAnubhUtirUpa prAnanda rasa kI ajasra dhArA pravAhita karane meM bhI saphala hote haiN| unhoMne abhinaya zailI meM adhyAtma sadhArA bahAkara atyaMta duSkAra kArya ko bhI mukara kara dikhAyA hai| nATakakAra kI saphalatA evaM uddezya pUrti isI meM hai ki vaha sahRdajanoM ko alaukika 1. nimAmRtapAna (amRta candrakRta kalazoM kA padyAnuvAda, anuvAdaka-yAcArya vidyAsAgara) prastAvanA pRSTha "gha" | 2. hindI nATaka-udbhava aura vikAsa, pRSTa 128, DaoN0 dazaratha projhA, prathama saMskaraNa, 1970 3. 'prayApati buddhabodhanAya vyavasAyaH kriyate" samayasAra gAthA 23 kI ttiikaa|

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8 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktittva evaM kartRttva Ananda kA rasAsvAda karA ske| nATakoM ke anuzIlana kA phala hI svasaMvedya paramAnanda rUpa rasAsvAda hai|' amRtacandra aise hI paramAnanda rasa ke rasAsvAdana hetu TIkAeM racI haiN| pravacanasAra kI tattvadIpikA TIkA ke Arambha meM hI ve isa bAta kI ghoSaNA karate haiM ki paramAnanda rUpa sUdhArasa ke pipAsujanoM evaM bhavyajIvoM ke hita karane hetu tattvasvarUpa spaSTa karane vAlI TIkA racI jAtI hai| unakI AtmakhyAti TIkA meM adhyAtmarasa tathA zAMta rasa kA samudra laharAtA hai / usameM nijasvarUpa kA paramarasa labAlaba bharA huA hai| amRtacandra aise hI samayasAra ko namaskAra karate haiM, jo svAnubhava meM prakAzita hotA hai| isa prakAra ukta prAtmakhyAti samayasAra kalaza TIkA pratIkanATakoM ke itihAsa kI paramparA kI punarsthApaka tathA dasavIM vikrama sadI kI sarsaprathama pratIka nATaka kRti siddha hotI hai / sAtha hI ukta kRti tatkAlIna samAja kI abhirUci kI bhI paricAyaka hai| isa nATyakRti kI eka vizeSatA yaha bhI hai ki isameM darzaka aura pAtra abheda rUpa se haiN| isa adhyAtma grantha meM nATaka ke rUpaka, raMgavinyAsa tathA tatkAlIna janarUci ke darzana hote haiN| yadyapi kucha vicArakoM kA vicAra hai ki chaMda bAhulyayakta kRti nATaka nahIM kahalA sktii| samayasAra kI AtmakhyAti TIkA meM bhI chaMdoM kI adhikatA hai, ataH use bhI nATyakRti mAnanA saMgata nahIM hai, kintu uparyukta vicAra ucita pratIta nahIM hotA; kyoMki sabhI kAvyoM meM nATakIyatA aura sabhI nATakoM meM kAvyAtmakatA pAI jAtI hai| mAnava jaba bhAvAtireka meM 1. dazarUpakA, (dhanaMjayakRta) prathama prakAza, zloka 6 pRSTha 3, 4 2 paramAnandasudhArasa pighAsitAnA hitAya madhyAnAm / kriyate ditatattvA pravacanasArasya vRttiriyam / / 3 / / pravacanasAra (tattvadIpikA TIkA) padma-3 3. nija svarUpa ko paramarasa jAne bharavo apAra / bandoM paramAnandamaya samayasAra avikAra / / nATaka samayasAra, paM. banArasIdAsa 4. 'namaH gamayasArAya svAnubhUtyA catrAsaH / .......' mAtmasyAti TIkA, padya 1 5. samayasAra salaza nATakam, prastAvanA pRSTha 4-5,marAThI bhASAMtarakAra kSuzmAdisAgara | bIra saMvat 2463 (1970 IsvI) 6. TI, sI. iliyaTa- Problems of the Drana, Page 29. "All poetry tends towards drama, and 8]l drama towards postry."

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] [ 86 apane vicAroM ko vyakta karatA hai, taba usakI vaha abhivyakti chadAtmaka hotI hai| AcArya amRtacandra kI TIkAeM bhI isI vizeSatA se maNDita haiN| anabhUti kI prabalatA meM unako abhivyakti mA se padya kA rUpa dhAraNa karatI hai, isalie apanI TIkA meM unhoMne padyAMzoM ke bIca yatra tatra padyoM kI samAyojanA bhI kI hai| ve rasasiddha nATakakAra tathA svayaMsiddha kavIndra the / isa prakAra amRtacandra ke sarvatomukhI vyaktitva kA eka pahalU 'nATakakAra" ke rUpa meM vidyamAna hai| ama tacandra kAvyakAra ke rUpa meM prAcArya amRtacandra ke bahumukhI vyaktitva ke aMtargata utkRSTa kAvyakAra kA rUpa bhI unakI kRtiyoM meM prasphuTita hai / ve praur3hatama saMskRta gadya lekhaka, rasasiddha padya praNetA tathA saphala campUkAdhakAra hai| kundakunda AcArya ke samadhAbhata, pravacanasAra tathA paMcAstikAya para likhita gadya TAkAeM unake asAdhAraNa, camatkArI evaM arthagAMbhIryayukta gadya kI paricAyaka hai / samayasAra kalaza, tattvArthasAra, puruSArthasiddhaya pazya tathA laghutattvasphoTa ye kRtiyAM unake sarasa, subodha, manohAri padya ke pramANa haiN| samayaprAbhUta kI prAtmakhyAti gaya TIkA tathA usameM yathAsamaya Agata padyoM kA samucita prayoga unakI saphala campUkAvya zailI ke udAharaNa haiN| yahAM hama unake kAvyakAra ke rUpa kA gadya, padya tathA campU kApa kI dRSTi se mUlyAMkana prastuta karate haiM / __kAvyazAstrakAra rasayukta vAkya ko kAvya kI sajJA dete hai / ' tathA aMtarAtmA kI anubhUti ko rasa' kahate haiM / bhAvoM ke utkarSa ko bhI "rasa" nAma abhihita kiyA jAtA hai| jaina sAhitya nirmAtAoM ne laukika tathA alaukika donoM hI avasthAnoM meM anirvacanIya Ananda ko ko rasa kahA hai| adhyAtma sAhitya meM nizcayanaya kI zailI ke kathanAnusAra AtmAnubhUti ko hI rasa mAnA gayA hai / 1. (vizvanAtha) 'vAkyaM rasAtmakaM kAvyam / " kAvyAdarza 2. 'rasvate antarAtmanA'nubhUyate iti rasaH" abhidhAna gajendra 3. 'bhAvotkarSA ramaH smRtaH" hindI jaina sAhitya parizIlana, bhAga 1 DA. nemicandra, pRSTha 226 4. vahI, pRSTha 227 5. vahI, pRSTha 227

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[ AcArya amRta candra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva AcArya amRnacandra kA samagna bAGamaya, cAhe vaha gadya ho, padya ho athavA mizra, rasAplAvita hai / pada-pada para unake vAkyoM se adhyAtma kA rasa chalakatA hai| unake padyoM meM AtmAnabhUti kA rasAtireka yatra tatra sarvatra draSTavya hai| unakI AtmakhyAti samayasAra kalaza yukta TIkA meM nizcayanaya kI katha nazenI dvArA prAtmAnabhUni kA rasa kA saSTha paripAka haA hai / anirvacanIya Ananda ke ullekha bhI usameM upalabdha hote haiM / ukta TI. ke maMgalAcaraNa rUpa prArambhika padya meM apane zuddhAtmA ko namaskAra karate hae likhA hai ki dravyakarma, bhAvakarma tathA nokarma se rahita zuddhAtmA samayasAra hai use namaskAra ho| vaha zuddhAtmA anubhUti ke dvArA prakAzita hotA hai| yaha caitanya svabhAva vAlA hai, sattAsvarUpa hai tathA samasta padArthoM ko jAnane vAlA hai| ukta, zuddhAtmA kI anubhUti zuddhanaya nizcayanaya ke Azraya se hotI hai / vaha AtmAnubhUti jJAnAnubhUti hI hai| aisA jAnakara AtmA kA anubhava karanA caahiye| aise AtmAnabhava kA Ananda anirvacanIya hotA hai| umame dUtabhAva nahIM hotaa| nizcayanayAzrita vaha anabhava caitanya camatkAra mAtra tejapuJja rUpa hotA hai , 4 prAcArya amRtacandra aise zuddhAtmA ke anubhava meM nirantara saMlagna rahate haiN| ve likhate haiM ki zuddhAtmA ko aisI mahimA hai, jisase vaha ekamAtra prAne ho anubhava se jAnane meM AtA hai tathA usa samaya vaha vyakta evaM dhrava jJAna hotA hai / aisI ananta caitanya lakSaNa vAlI prAtma jyoti jo ekatva se cyata na hone vAlI tathA nirmalatA ke sAtha dina hone vAlI hai, use ve sadA anubhava karate haiN| itanA hI nahIM, usa caitanyajyoti AtmA ke anubhava rasa ke rasAsvAdana kI preraNA bhI AcArya amRtacandra ne kI hai / ve likhate haiM - he jagajjanoM anAdi saMsAra meM bhAja taka moha kA anubhava kiyA hai, use chor3o aura prAtmarasikajanoM ko rUcikara, 1. namaH samayasArAya svAnubhUtyA nakAmate / citsvabhAvAya bhAvAra sarvabhAvAntarandei / / samayasAra kalaza naM. 1 2. bhAtmAnubhUtiriti zuddhanayAtmikAyA, jJAnAnubhUtiriyama va jile ti buddha kaa| aAtmAnamAtmani nivezya suniSprakampa, meno'sti nityamavabodhaghanaH samantAt / / 13 / / 3. "anubhava gupayAte bhAti na hU~tameva" (samayasAra kalaza 6) 4. 'ataH zuddhanayAyatta pratyAjyotizca mAsti tan / ' (vahI, kalamA 7) 5. "yAtmAtmAnubhavakagamyamahimA vyakto'yamAste ghra vam / " vahIM, kalA 12 6. "apatitamidamAtmajyotirUdgacchadaccham / rAtatamanubhavAmo'nanta caitanya cinham / / bahI, kalaza 20

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ! [ 61 sadita hote hue jJAnasvabhAva kA anubhava karo, rasAsvAdana karo / ' ukta zuddhAtmA kA rasAsvAda AbAlavRddha sabhI kara sakate haiM, parantu anAdikAlIna bandha ke kAraNa para dravyoM ke sAtha ekatva buddhi ke kAraNa ajJAnI banA huA hai, AtmajJAna pragaTa nahIM honA / AtmAnubhuti se mAdhya nijAtmA kI siddhi anya kisI prakAra se nahIM ho sakatI / isa prakAra spaSTa hai ki AcArya amRtacandra jisa AtmAmRta ke rasika hai usI ke rasika bAla-vRddha sabhI jagAt bane, tadartha ve apane sAhittva dvArA jagat kA parama kalyANakArI preraNA karate haiM / unake samagra sAhitya meM yadi koI rasa agorasa - pramukharasa ke rUpa meM rasotkarSa ko prApta huA hai to vaha hai zAMtarasa / zanirasa, adhyAtma rasa, paramAnandAmUna, jJAnarasa Adi sabhI ekArthavAcI hai| isa prakAra adhyAtmara sika amRtacandra kI rasAnubhuti jaba gadyampa meM abhivyakta huI to unakA gadya rAhaja ho praur3hatama gadyavaiziSTyoM se anuprANita ho gayA aura ce praur3hatama gadyakAvyakAra ke rUpa meM prAdurbhUna he| jaba bhAvoskarSa AnandAnabhUti ke rUpa meM prakaTa huA. taba unako abhivyavima bhAvayAhI dyAvya ke rUpa meM pravAhita huI aura ve ?mamiddha kavIndra athavA padya kAmpakAra ke rUpa meM pragaTa hue| jaba bhAvoM kA utAra car3hAva anavarata pravAhita huA taba unakI abhivyakti gadya padyAtmaka rahaH pAra ve campakAvya lekhaka ke rUpa meM vyakna haa| yahAM unake gadyakAvyakAra ke rUpa kA Akalana prastuta hai| amRtacandra gadyakAvyakAra - vidvAnoM ne gadya ko padiyoM kI niddhatA kI kasauTI mAnA hai / saMskRta sAhitya meM 'gadya kavInAM nikaSa vadanti" kI ukti pracalita hai / padyakAvya kI apekSA kAvyarzanI meM gadya nikhane vAle lekhakoM kI saMkhyA bahuta thor3I hai| saMskRta gadyakAvyakAroM meM sUbandha, bANabhaTTa, daNDI, bAvIsiMhamUri Adi pramukha haiN|* AcArya amRtacandra 1. ''vajanu jagadidAnI mohamA ganmalIna, rasayatu rasivAnAM canaM jJAnamudyat / ' gamayamAra kalaza 22 2. yadA t yAbAla gopAlava sakala kAla va svayanayAnubhayapAne'pi bhagavatyanubhUsthAgatyAtmanyanAdi bancanazAna paraH samanasvAdhya banAyana vimuhasyadhyamahamanabhutirityAtmajJAna nopya nayA ....."sadhyasijheranyathA nuvapattiH / " samayasAra gAthA 17 18 zrI grAmakhyAni TIkA 3. kAdambarI, prastAvanA pRSTha 2 yAtrAkAra-kRSNamohanAvAra. 1663 4. mahAkavi haricanda-eka anuzIlana, pRSTha 4

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62 / [ prAcArya amRtacandra ; vyaktitva evaM kartRtva bhI inhIM pramukha gadya kAvya lekhakoM kI koTi meM agraNI haiN| unakA gadyasAhitya prAyaH TokAyoM ke ruu| meM upalabdha hai| unake gadya meM praur3hatama gadyakAvyoM kI aneka vizeSatAeM prasphuTita huI haiN| unakI samasta gadyakRtiyA meM 'AtmakhyAti TokA" apane Apa meM eka anupama nidhi hai| isameM bhASA kI ganbhoratA, praur3hatA tathA mahaja'nA dekhate hI banatI hai| bhAvavAhI, arthavAhI, tathA marmasparzI bhASA adhyAtmatantra ke gur3hatama rahasyoM kI udaghATaka hai| unakI gadya kAvyadhArA nahIM mahaja tathA sugama kahIM kliSTa aura durgama, kabhI maMdapravAhayukla to kabhI tImAvegayukta evaM rasa-chaMda tathA alaMkAra bana taraMgiNI kI bhAMti pratIta honI hai| saMskRta kAra candramA yA kalazoM para TIkA racakara usakA nAma 'paramAdhyAtmataraMgiNI" rakhA hai / isa adhyAtma taraMgiNI meM avagAhana karane vAloM ko abhUtapUrva Ananda tathA zAMtilAbha hotA hai| unake marala, sugama laghuvAkyAvali yakta tathA camatkArI gadya ke kaI udAharaNa unakI TIkA kRtiyoM meM upalabdha haiN| unameM se kucha kA avalokana karAyA jAtA hai : amRtacandra eka sthala para AtmA kI zreSThatA, usako jJAnamayatA tathA jJAnasvabhAva ke avalambana kA phala nirUpaNa karate hue ve likhate haiM"AtmA kilaramArthaH, sastU jJAnama; AtmA ca eka padArthaH, tato jJAnamapyekameva padaM, yadetatta jJAna nAmaka padaM sa eSa paramArthaH sAkSAnamokSopAyaH |......."tto nirasta samastabhedamAtmasvabhAvabhUta jJAna mevekamAlamvyam / tadAlambanAdeva bhavati padaprAptiH, nazyati bhrAMtiH, bhavatyAtmalAbhaH, sidhyatyanAtmaparihAraH, na kama mucchanna, na rAgadveSamohA itAlavataM, na punaH karma prAsravati, na pUnaH karma badhyate, pAgabaddha karma upabhuktaM nirjIyaMta, kRtsnakarmAbhAvAta sAkSAnmokSo bhavati / '' yaha hai unake sarala, sugama, 1, mama pasAra gAthA 204ii dIkA - u: gadya kA hindI artha isa prakAra hai : .. "aAtmA vAstava ne paramapadArtha hai| vaha (mAtmA) jJAna hai| aAtmA eka hI padArma hai. isalie jJAna bhI eka hI pada hai| yaha jJAna nAmaka eka pada paramArya ravarUra mokSa kA upAya hai / ......."ilie jimameM samasta bheda dUra hue haiM aise aAtmasvabhAtrabhUta eka jJAna kA hI avalambana karanA cAhiya, usake avalambana se hI nijapada kI prApti hotI hai, prAMti kA nAza hotA hai, grAAmA kA lAbha hotA hai aura anAtmA vA parihAra siddha hotA hai ! aisA hone se-karma vala bAna nahIM hone, rAgar3ha pa moha utpanna nahIM hote, ataH punaH navIna karmoM kA mAnava nahIM hotA, usase punaH navIna karmabandha nahIM hotA, pUrvabaddha karma mukta hokara nirA ko prApta ho jAtA hai, samasta karmoM kA prabhAva hone se sAkSAt mokSa hotA hai|"

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] | 63 laghuvAkyAvaliyukta tathA camatkArI gadya kA namunA adhyAtma ke gUr3ha rahasyoM kA udghATana karane hetu unake gadya sAhitya meM sarvatra duSTAMtoM kA sahArA liyA gayA hai, usase gadya kI saralatA tathA sugamatA aura bhI bar3ha jAtI hai| aise dRSTAMtayukta gadya kA namUnA yahAM diyA jAtA hai| isameM dhanArthI kA dRSTAMta dekara mokSArthI ko kisa prakAra jJAna, zraddhAna tathA AcaraNa karanA cAhie yaha batAyA hai| yathA - "yathA hi kazcitpuruSo'rthArthI prayatnena prathamameva rAjAnaM jAnIte, tatastameva zraddhate tatastamevAnucarati / tathAtmanA mokSArthinA prathamamevAtmA jJAtavyaH tataH sa eva zraddhAtacyaH, tataH sa evAnucaritavyazca sAdhyasiddhestathAnyathopapattyanupapattimyAm "" ? AcArya amRtacandra ke gadya meM saralatA, spaSTatA ke sAtha sAtha praur3hatA ke bhI darzana hote haiN| eka hI pada athavA prakaraNa kA spaSTIkaraNa ve taba taka karate jAte haiM, jaba taka vaha bhalI prakAra se pAThaka ke samajha meM nA jAve | aise spaSTIkaraNoM meM bhASA kA sahaja pravAha evaM tAratamma bhI banA rahatA hai / udAharaNa ke lie eka sthala para "cAritra" ke svarUpa kA spaSTIkaraNa karate hue ve likhate haiM: - "svarUpe caraNaM cAritraM / svasamayapravRttirityarthaH / tadevavastusvabhAvatvAddharmaH / zuddha caitanya prakAzanamityarthaH / tadeva ca yathAvasthitAtmaguNatvAtsAmyam / sAmyaM tu darzanacAritramohanIyodayApAdita samasta mokSobhAbhAvAdatyanta nirvikAro jIvasya pariNAmaH | 2 1 1. " jaise nizcaya se koI dhana kA arthI puruSa bahuta uccama se pahale to rAjA ko jAne ( ki yaha rAjA hai), phira usI kA zraddhAna kare ( ki yaha zravazya rAjA hI hai, isakI sevA karane se avazya dhana kI prApti hogI aura phira usI kA anucaraNa kare ( sevA kare, AjJA meM rahe, use prasanna kare ), isI prakAra mokSArthI puruSa ko pahale to AtmA ko jAnanA cAhiye aura phira usI kA zraddhAna karanA cAhiye ki yahI grAtmA hai, isakA AcaraNa karane se avazya karmoM se chUTA jA sakegA aura phira usI kA anucaraNa karanA caahiye| sAdhya siddhi isI prakAra saMbhava hai anya prakAra se anupapatti hai / samayAbhUta gAthA 17-18 kI bhAramakhyAti TIkA 2. svarUpa meM caraNa ( ramaNa karanA) cAritra hai / svasamaya meM pravRtti karanA aisA isakA vAsa hai / yaho vastu kA svabhAva hone se dharma hai| zuddhacaitanya kA prakAza karanA yaha isakA artha hai| vahIM yathAvasthita grAtmaguNa hone se sAmya hai | aura sAmya darzana tathA cAritramohanIya ke udayajanita samasta moha aura kSoma ke abhAva ke kAraNa pratyaMta nirvikArI jIva kA pariNAma hai| pravacanasAra gAthA 7 kI AramakhyAti TokA /

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64 ] / AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva isa prakAra kA cAritra prAtmA ke hotA hai, isakI siddhi hetu ve likhate haiM: 'yatkhalu dradhyaM yasminkAle yena bhAvena pariNamati tat tasmin kAle kiloSpayapariNatAyaHpiNDavattanmayaM bhavati / tato'yamAtmA dharmeNa pariNato dharma eta bhavatIti siddhamAtmanazcAritratvama / "5 / isa prakAra jahAM unhoMne eka ora sarala subodha aura pravAhI gadya kA prayoga kiyA hai, vahIM unake dArzanika, gahana evaM gUr3hatama siddhAMtoM ke vivecana meM kliSTa, durgama tathA praur3ha gadya kA bhI prayoma milatA hai / aise sthaloM para lekhaka kI vidvattA, praur3hanA tathA gabhIra dArzanikatA ke bhI darzana hote haiM / eka sthala para 'anekAMta svarUpa AtmA ko jJAnamAtrapane se vyapadeza karanA kisa prakAra sambhava hai isa sandarbha meM anekAMta kA savistAra khulAsA karate hue ve apanI praur3hatama gadyazanI meM likhate haiM:"nanvanekAMtamayasyApi kimarthamatrAtmano jJAnamAtratayA vyapadezaH ? lakSaNa prasiddhayA lakSyaprasiddhiyartham / Atmano hi jJAnaM lakSaNaM tadasAdhAraNaguNatvAt / tena jJAna prasiddhyA tallakSyasyAtmanaH prasiddhi: / nanu kimanayA lakSaNaprasiddhyA, lakSyameva prasAdhanIyam ? nAprasiddhalakSaNasya labhyaprasiddhiH, prasiddha lakSaNasyaiva tattrasiddhaH / nanu ki tallakSyaM yajjJAnaprasidhyA tato bhinna prasiddhyati ? na jJAnAdbhinnaM lakSya, jJAnAtmano vyatvenAbhedAt / tahi ki kRto lakSya lakSaNa vibhAgaH ? prasiddhaprasAdhyamAnatvAt kRtaH / prasiddha hi jJAna, jJAnamAtrasya svasaMvedanasiddhatvAt tena prasiddhena prasAdhyamAnastadavinAbhUtAnaMtadharmasamudayamUrtirAtmA / tato jJAnamAtrAcalitanikhAtayA dRSTyA kramAkramapravRtta tadavinAbhUtaM anantadharmajAtaM yadyAva 1. vAstava meM jo dravya jisa samaya jisa bhAva se pariNamana karatA hai, vaha vya usa samaya "uSNatArUpa se pariNamita lohe ke gole kI bhAMti usa maya hai, isalie yaha yAtmA dharmarUpa pariNamita hone se dharma hI hai| isa prakAra AtmA bI cAritratA siddha huii| pravacanasAra, gAthA 8 kI TIkA /

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vyaktistra tathA prabhAva / lakSyate tattAvatsamastamevaikaH khalvAtmA / etadarthamevAtrAsyajJAnamAtratayA vyapadezaH / / isa prakAra uparokta gadyAMza meM jahAM eka ora amRtacandra kI hai dArzanika gaMbhIratA, saiddhAMtika praur3hatA tathA spaSTatA ke darzana hote haiM, vahI hai| unakI sahetuka evaM pravAhapUrNa gadyazailI meM prakaraNa kI suspaSTatA siddhAMtahai vikatA tathA nirUpaNa kuzalatA ko chApa sAhilyarasiko para par3atI hai / mamatacandra kA gadya bhAvAtireka ke kAraNa padyamayatA meM pariNata pratIta hotA hai| unakA 'padya to padyarUpa hai hI, parantu gadya bhI padyarUpatA ko dhAraNa karatA hai| unake gadya meM padyamayatA kA rasa hone se "gadyakAvya kI zreNI meM usakI gaNanA hotI hai| ina para: kirAnA paspatI ko prApta hotA hai usakA namUnA dekhiye| ziSya kA prazna hai ki hamArA paramArtha va hitakArI pada kyA hai ? isake uttara svarUpa ve likhate haiM : 1. "pAramA anekAMtamaya hai phira bhI usakA jJAnamAtratA se kyoM vyapadeza kiyA jAtA haiM? lakSaraNa kI prasiddhi ko dvArA lakSya kI prasiddhi karane ke lie prAtmA ko jJAnamAtra rUpa se vyapadeza kiyA jAtA hai| prAtmA kA jJAna lakSagA hai, kyoMki jAna prAtmA kA abhAdhAraNa guNa hai; isalie jJAna kI prasiddhiH dvArA usake lakSya prAtmA kI prasiddhi hotI hai| isa lakSaNa kI prasiddhi se kyA prayojana hai ? mAna lakSya hI prasAdhya (prasiddhi karane yogya) hai ? jise lasaNa aprasiddha ho use lakSya kI prasiddhi nahI hotii| jise lakSaNa prasiddha hotA hai usI ko lakSya kI prasiddhi hotI hai| aisA kauna sA lakSya hai ki jo jJAna kI prasiddhi ke dvArA usase bhinna prasiddha hotA hai ? jJAna se bhinna lakSya nahIM hai, kyoMki jAna aura bhAtmA meM dravyapane se abheda hai / taba phira lakSaNa aura lakSya kA vibhAga kisalie kriyA gayA hai ? prasiddhatva aura prasAdhyamAnatva ke kAraNa lakSaNa aura lakSya kA vibhAga kiyA jAtA hai| jJAna prasiddha hai kyoMki jJAnamAtra ko svasaMvedana se siddhapanA hai / vaha prasiddha zAna ke dvArA prasAdhyamAna, tadavinAbhUta prananta samudAmarUpa mUrti AtmA hai isalie jJAnamAtra meM pracalitapane se sthApita dRSTi ke dvArA amarUpa aura amarUpa pravartamAna, tadaninAbhUta anaMtadharma samUha kucha jitanA sakSita hota hai, vaha sanna vAstava meM eka prAtmA hai / isI kAraNa se yahAM prAtnA kA jJAnamAtratA se vyapadeza hai| (samayalAra, prAramakhyAti TIkA, pariziSTa pRSTha 586)

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66 | [ AcArya prabhRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva "iha khalu bhagavatyAtmani bahUnAM dravyabhAvAnAM madhye ye kila atavyabhisvabhAvenopalabhyamAnAH zraniyatatvAvasthAH, aneve, kSaNikAH, cAriNo bhAvAH te sarve'pi svayamasthAyitvena sthAtuH sthAnaM bhavitumazakyatvAt apadabhUtAH / yastu tatsvabhAvenopalabhyamAnaH niyatatvAvasthAH, ekaH, nityaH, avyabhicArI bhAvaH, sa eka eva svayaM sthAyitvena sthAtuH sthAnaM bhavituM zakyatvAt padabhUtaH / tataH sarvAnivAsthAyibhAvAn muktvA sthAyibhAvabhUtaM paramArthaM rasatayA svadamAnaM jJAnamekamevedaM svAdyam / ny ekameva hi tatsvadyaM vipadAmapadaM padam / apadAnyeva bhAsate padAnyanyAni yatpuraH / / 136 / / 1 isa prakAra gadyAza meM kathita bhAvArtha hI bhAvAtireka ke kAraNa padyarUpa pariNata hokara vyakta huA hai| AtmakhyAti TIkA meM ukta prakAra ke gadya meM padyamayatA ke darzana pada-pada para prApta hote haiM / isa taraha AcArya amRtacandra kA gadya sAhitya zreSTha tathA praur3hatama gadyakAvya vaiziSTyoM se vibhUSita hai| eka sthala para kSAyikajJAna athavA kevalajJAna ko ekAMtataH sukhasvarUpa nirUpaNa karate hue, usameM kheda ( zrAkulatA ) kI saMbhAvanA kA khaNDana tathA kevalajJAniyoM meM hI pAramArthika sukha hotA hai 1. vAstava meM, isa bhagavAna zrAtmA meM bahuta se dravya bhAvoM ke madhya meM se, jo atatsvabhAva se anubhava meM ghAte hue. ( zrAtmA ke svabhAva rUpa nahIM kintu paravyabhi svabhAvarUpa anubhava meM Ate hue) aniyata avasthAvAle, aneka, kSariMga ka cArI bhAva haiM, ve saba svayaM asthAI hone ke kAraNa sthAtA ( rahane vAle) ke sthAna nahIM ho sakane yogya hone se prapadabhUta haiM, aura jo tatsvabhAva se (AtmasvabhAvarUpa se) anubhava meM prAtA huA, niyata avasthAvAlA, eka, nitya, zravyabhicArI bhAva ( caitanyamAtra zAnabhAva ) hai, vaha eka hI svayaM sthAyI hone se sthAtA kA sthAna ho sakane yogya hone se padabhUta hai / isalie samasta asthAyI bhAvoM ko chor3akara, sthAyI bhAvarUpa AlA, paramArtha rasarUpa se svAda meM Ane vAlA yaha eka jJAna hI zrAsvAdana ke yogya hai / padya kA artha - " vaha eka hI pada grAsvAdana ke yogya hai, jo ki vipattiyoM kA pada hai ( arthAta jisame zrApadAyeM nahIM A sakatI haiM) tathA jisake samakSa samasta anya pada apada ( dukhadAyI - mAkulatA rUpa ) hI bhAsita hote haiM / " samayasAra gAthA 203 kI prAtyakhyAni TIkA tathA 136 va kalaza |

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] [ 67 f isakA thavAna karAne hetu amRtacandra ne jo TIkA likhI hai, bahU unake prItama, bhAvapravAhI tathA vidvatApUrNa gadya kA namUnA prastuta karanA hai yathA atha kevalasyApi pariNAmadvAreNa sadasya sabhAkA nika sukhatvaM nAstIti pratyAcaSTe atra kI hi nAma khedaH kazca pariNAmaH kazca kevaliyo [tirekaH, yataH kevalasyaikAMtika sukhatvaM na syAt ? khedasyAyatanAni cAtikarmANi nanAma kevalapariNAma mAtram / ghAtikamaNi hi mahAmohotpAdakatvAdunmattaka vadata smitanuddhimadhAya paridhama pratyAtmAnaM yataH pariNAmanyati, tatastAni tasya pratyartha pariNamatra zrAmyataH khedanidAnAM pratipadyante / tadabhAvAtkuto hi nAma kevale khedasvabhevaH / yataca trisamaya nikala padArtha paricchadyAkAravaizvarUpya prakAzanAspadIbhUtaM citrabhitti sthAnIyamanaMtasvarUpaM svayameva pariNamatkevalameva pariNAmaH tataH kuto'nyaH pariNAmo yadddvAraMNa khedasyAtmalAbhaH / yatazca samasta svabhAvapratighAtaH bhAvAtsamullasinanira kuzanantazaktitayA sakala kAlika lokAlokAkAramabhivyApya kUTasthatvenAtyanta niHprakampaM vyavasthitatvAda nAkulatA saukhyalakSaNabhUtAmAtmano'vyaktiriktAM vibhrANaM kevalameva saukhyam : tataH kutaH kevala sukhayoryetarekaH / ataH sarvathA kevalaM sukhamaikA - tinumadanIyam 21 Age kevaliyoM meM pAramArthika sukha hotA hai, isakI J 1 > . 1. " zratra kevalajJAna ko bhI pariNAma ke dvArA kheda kI saMbhAvanA ke kAraNa aikAntika sukha nahIM hai" aisI mAnyatA kA khaNDana karate haiM yahA~ (kevalajJAna ke saMbaMdha meM) kheda kyA haiM? pariNAma kyA hai? kevalajJAna aura gukha kA vyatireka kyA hai ? jisase kevalajJAna ko ekAMtataH sukhatva na ho ? ( 1 ) kheda ke Ayatana (sthAna) ghAtaka haiN| kevala pariNAma mAtra nahIM / ghAti mahAmoha ke utpAdaka hone se dhatUre kI bhAMti atat meM tabuddhi dhAraNa karavAkara AtmA ko padArtha ke prati parigamana karAte haiM, isalie ve ghAtikarma pratyeka padArtha ke prati parimita ho hokara thakane vAle grAtmA ke liye kheda ke kAraNa hote hai / unakA ( vAtikramoM kA ) prabhAva hone se kevalajJAna meM kheda kahA~ se pragaTa ho sakatA hai ? (2) aura tIna galarUpa tIna bheda vAle rAmarata padArthoM kI n2ayAkAra rUpa vividhatA ko prakAzita karane kA sthAnarUpa kevalajJAna citrita dIvAra kI bhAMti svayaM hI anaMtasvarUpa svayameva parimita hotA hai isalie kevalajJAna hI pariNAma hai | tathA anya pariNAma kahA~ hai ki jinase kheda kI utpatti ho ? (3) aura kevalajJAna samasta svabhAva pratighAta ke abhAva ke kAraNa niraMkuza anaMtazakti ke ullasita hone se samasta vaikAlika lokAloka ke AkAra vyApta hokara kUTasthatathA atyaMta niSkampa hai, isaliye grAtmA se abhinna sukha lakSaebhUla anAkulatA ko dhAraNa karatA huA kevalajJAna hI mukha hai, isaliye kevala jJAna aura sukha kA vyatireka kahA~ hai ? arthAt nahIM hai / " pravacanasAra gAthA 60 kI TIkA, pRSTha 86-87

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18 ] [ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM karta tva zraddhA karAne hetu laukiyaH sukhAbhAsa ko sukha pukAranA rUr3hi mAtra hai, paramArtha nahIM - aisA jJAna karAyA tathA yaha bhI likhA ki jo isa paramArtha sukha ko zraddhA tatkAla karate haiM ve nikaTa-Asamabhavya (nikaTa bhaviSya meM mokSa pAne yogya) haiM tathA jo isakI zraddhA bAda meM kareMge ve dUra bhavya haiM aura jo isakI zraddhA nahIM kareMge ve abhavya haiN| isa prAzaya kI gabhIra tathA praur3ha gadya TIkA isa prakAra hai - ''iha khalu svabhApratighAtAdAkulatvAca mohanIyAdikarmajAlazalinAM sukhAbhAse'pyapAramAthiko sukhamiti rUr3hiH / vevalinAM tu bhagavatAMprakSINapAtikarmaNAM svabhAvapratighAtAbhAvAdanAkulatvAcca yathoditasya hetorlakSaNasya ca sadbhAvAtsAramAthikaM sukha miti zraddheyaM / na kilavaM yeSAM zraddhAnamasti te khalu mokSasukha sudhApAnadUravartino mRgatRSNAmbhomAra mevAmiSya.. pazyati / punadivilImeva vacaH pratIcchanti te zivazriyo bhAganaM gamAsanmabhavyaH bhavanti / ye tu purA pratocchanti te tu dUra bhavyA iti / ' AcArya amRtacandra ke padya kI praur3hatA ke sAtha-sAtha alaMkAramayI gadyakAvya kI chaTA bhI atyAta sarasa evaM ramaNIya hai| indriyAdhInatA jaba taka hai taba taka duHkha hI hai, isa tathya ke spaSTIkaraNAtha prayakta gadya meM upamAoM ko jhar3I draSTavya hai, gadyakAvya kI sarasanA evaM ramaNIyatA prAsvAdha hai -.. yathA-- __ "yeSAM jIvadavasthAni hatakAnIndriyAgi, na nAma teSAmupAdhipratyayaM duHkham / kintu svAbhAvikameva, viSayeSu rateravalokanAt / 1. ''isa loka meM mohanIya prAdi karmajAla vAloM ke svabhAva pratipAta ke kAraNa aura prAkulatA ke kAraNa mukhAgAsa hone para bhI uma sukhAbhAsa ko "sula" kahane kI apAramArthika rUr3hi hai, aura ghAtikarma naSTa kara cukane bAle kevalI bhagavAna ke svabhAva pratighAta ke abhAva ke kAraNa aura anAkulatA ke kAraNa sukha ke yathoktA kAraNa tamA lakSaNa kA sadabhAva hone se pAramArthika sukha haiyaha zraddhA karane yogya hai| jinheM aisI zraddhA nahIM haiM ve mokSasukha ke sudhApAna se dUra rahane vAle abhavya mRgatRSNA ke jalasamUha ko hI dekhate (anubhava karate) haiM, aura jo isa vacana ko isI samaya svIkAra karate haiM ve zivazrI (mokSa lakSmI) ke bhAjana Asannabhanya haiM aura jo prAge jAkara svIkAra kareMge ve dUra bhavya haiN|" -pravacanasAra gApA 62 kI tattvapradIpikA TIkA, puNTha 90

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] avalokyate hi teSAM stamberamasya kareNu-kuTTanIgAtasparza iva, sapharasya baDiza miSasvAda iva, indirasyasaMkocasaMmukhAravindAmoda iva, pataGgasya pradIpAcorUpa icha, kuraDa gasya mRgayageyasvara iva, dunirvArendriyavedanAvazIkRtAtAmAsanna nipAteSvapi viSayeSvabhipAtaH / yadi punarna teSAM duHkhaM svAbhAvikamadhyagamzena dopahAtizItanvarasya saMsvedanamiva, prahoNadAhajvarasyAranAlapariSekaH iva / nivRttanetrasaMrambhasya ca baTAcUNavicUrNamiva vinaSkarNazUlasya bastamUtrapUraNamiva / rUlavaNasyAlepanadAna miSa, viSaya vyApAro na dRzyeta / dRzyate cAsau / tataH svabhAvabhUtaduHkhayogina eva jIvadindriyAH parokSajJAninaH / " isa taraha amRtacandra kA gadya uccakoTi kA gadyakAvya hai / upayukta vizeSatAoM ke atirikta ve aneka gadyazaMliyoM ke praNetA haiN| unameM pramukha haiM-hetupurassara nyAyarzalI, vyutpanilo, dRSTAMtazailI, nizcayavyavahAranayapratipAdanazailI, vyAkhyAzailI, anumAnaparakazailI, praznotarazailI, kliSTadArzanika vivecanazailI, praznazailI aadi| ina zailiyoM kA 1. jinakI "hRta" (nindra) indriyA~ jIvita haiM, unheM upAdhi ke kAraNa (bAdha saMyogoM ke kAraNa) duHkha nahIM hai, kinna svAbhAvika hI hai kyoMki unakI viSayoM meM ratidekhI jAtI hai| jaise hAthI hathinI rUpI kuTTinI ke zarIra sparza kI ora, machalI baMmI meM phaMse hue mAMsa ke svAda kI pora, bhramara baMda ho jAne vAle kamala kI gaMdha kI ora, paMtamA dIpoM kI jyoti ke rUpa kI bhora, aura hirana zikArI ke saMgIta ke svara kI ora daur3ate hue dikhAI dete haiN| usI prakAra dunidhAra indriya vedanA he vazIbhUla hote hue ve loga vAstava meM, atisamIpa nAzasvabhAva vAle viSayoM kI grora daur3ate dikhAI dete haiN| aura yadi unakA duHkha svAbhAvika hai aisA na mAnA jAya to jaise jisakA zItajvara upazAMta ho gayA hai, vaha pasInA lAne ke liye prayAsa karatA, tathA dAhAbara uttara jAne para kAMjI se pArIra ke tApa ko utAratA, tathA akhioM kA dukha dUra ho jAne para vaTAcarNa (zaMkhAdi kA cUrNa) AMjatA, karNazUla naSTa hone para bakare kA mUtra kAna meM DAlatA aura ghAva bhara jAne para koI punaH lepa karatA dilAI nahIM detaa| isI prakAra unake viSaya vyApAra dekhane meM nahIM AnA cAhiye, kintu unake vaha (viSaya pravatti) to dekhI jAtI hai, isase siddha huprA ki jinake indriyA~ jIvita haiM aise parokSajJAniyoM ke duHkha svAbhAvika hai / -pravacanasAra, gAthA 64 kI TIkA, pRSTha 62

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100 ] [ AcArya abhUtacandra : vyaktitva evaM katakha savistAra anuzIlana Age kiyA gayA hai| uparyukta vizeSatAoM ke kAraNa hI prAcArya amRtacandra eka aMDa ema prolamadhalekhaka siddha hote haiN| pramatacandra pacakAvyakAra - AcArya amRtacandra jitane prauDha evaM siddhahasta gadyalekhaka hai, usase bhI kahIM adhika praur3ha aura kuzala kAvyakAra bhI haiN| unameM padyakAvya pratibhA naisagika tathA asAdhAraNa tho| ve asAdhAraNa kavi hI nahIM, apitu kaviyoM meM zreSTha the| isIlie "kavIndra" pada se vibhUSita the| unhoMne svayaM bhI eka sthala para apane nAma ke samakSa kavIndra pada kA prayoga kiyA hai|' DaoN. e. ena. upAdhye ne unheM gaca lekhaka kI apekSA padya kAra ke rUpa meM vizeSa sakSama mAnA hai / "padya" zabda kA artha haiM "pastU yogya padyam" arthAta jo gatizIla' ho vaha padya kahalAtA hai|' gatizIlatA evaM bhAvapravAhapane ke kAraNa hI gadya ko apekSA padyaracanAyeM adhika prabhAvazAlI evaM rasamayA siddha huI haiN| sahadayajanoM ke hRdayoM ko udvelita karane tathA pracuratA se rasAsvAda karAne meM padyakAvya vizeSa saphala siddha huA hai| AcArya amRtacandra rasasiddha kavIndra the / unakI kavitvazakti tathA vilakSaNa pratibhA unake dvArA racita padya sAhitya meM vizeSa rUpa se prasphuTita hai| unakI adyAvadhi upalabdha padya racanAoM meM puruSArtha siddhayupAya, samayasAra kalaza, tattvArthasAra tathA laghutattvasphoTa prasiddha haiN| ye samasta kRtiyA~ AdhyAtmika mahAkavi, rasasiddha kavIndra, AcArya amRta candra ke asAdhAraNa vyaktitva se anuprANita haiN| "samayasAra kalaza" amRtacandra ke adhyAtmAmRta kA sAgara hai| madhura padyoM meM adhyAtma vidyA ke sAra ko samAhita kiye hue hai / pratyeka kalaza meM jana adhyAtma va jainAgama kA rahasya aura kundakundAcArya ke sUtroM kA bhAva bharA huA hai| ve kundakundAcArya ke granthoM kI rahasyajJatA ke jvalaMta udAharaNa haiN| vidvAnoM ne ina padyamaya kalazoM ko kundakunda dvArA nirmita jinadarzana tathA adhyAtmarUpa mandira ke svarNa kalaza 1. laghutattvasphoTa 626 vA padya, prAsvAdayatvamRtacandra kavIndra eSa ........" 2. pravacanasAra, prastAvanA aMgrejI, pRSTha 14-65, IIf Edn. 1964--- Amrtachandra is more a poet than a prosswriter, to this eyet a for Yer Ses in his commentary on Pravacinagara bear witbacka." 3. mahAkavi haricanda eka manuzIlana, pRSTha 3 J

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vyaktika tathA prabhAva ] [ 101 kI bhAMti mahatvapUrNa mAnA hai|' samayasAra ko bhUlagAthAyeM tathA AtmalAti saMskRta TIkAko par3hane para bhI samayasAra kalazoM ko par3he bimA pUrNarUpeNa prAtmIya, anugama Ananda vA AsvAdana nahIM ho pAtA / ' una lazoM kI racanA itanI sarasa hai ki sahRdaya pAThaka ko, tagata bhAvoM ko hRdayaMgama kiye binA bhI unako paThana mAtra meM aba Ananda milatA hai| sacamuca meM amRtacandra AdhyAtmika kaviyoM ke mukUTarmANa haiN| unake padya usane dUraha nahIM hai, jitanA unakA gadya / kintu donoM prakAroM meM eka prakAra kA sauSTava pAyA jAtA hai| unake dya sauSThava kA namUnA isa prakAra hai : bhayanaya virodha dhvaMsinI syAtpadAGa ke, jinabasi ramateyi svayaM bAta mohaaH| sapadi samayasAraM te paraM jyotiruccaranavamanaya pakSAkSaNNamIkSata eva / / 4 // AcArya amRta candra kA adhyAtma viSayaka pANDitya jitanA gaMbhIra aura talasparzI hai, usako vyakta karane vAlI bhASA bhI tadanurUpa, svAmAvika tathA dhArA pravAha meM pravAhita hotI hai / samayasAra kalaza atisundara aura adhyAtma rasa se bhare hue haiN| una kalazoM meM anubhava rasa kA bhaNDAra bharA hai / jise bhI usa anubhava rasa kA ramAsvAdana ho jAtA hai, vaha saMsArarUpa samudra se pAra ho jAtA hai / laukika janoM ko adhyAtma ma ma. (a) samayanAra nATaka, paM. banArasIdAsa, syAdvAda dvArA padya naM. 1,2 adbhutagrantha adhyAtama vAnI, samajha kou biralA jJAnI / yAmai, smAdvAda adhikArA, tAkI jo kI vistArA / / to garaMtha ati zobhAvAne, vaha mandira raha galaza bahAva / taba citta amRta vAcana gar3hi khole, amanacandra kAraja bole / / . (sa) paramAdhyAtmataraMgiNoM kI prastAvanA, paM. gajAdharalAla kRta, pRSTa ? (sa) Atmadharma, aprela, 66 aMka 12, pRSTha 731, pravacana, mana kAnajI svAmI paramAdhyAtmaraMgiNI, prastAvanA, paSTa 1 jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa, mAga 2, pRSTha 173, 174 . samayasAra kalaza, padya kramAMka 4 jaina sAhitya kA itihAga, bhAga 2. pRSTa 173 samayasAra nATaka, paM. banArasIdAsa, IDara ke bhaNDAra ke prati kA aMtiga aMza / "samayasAra nATaka akratha, anubhava rasa bhaNDAra / pAko rasa jI jAnahIM so pAveM bhavapAra ||"

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102 ] { AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva kA viSaya zuSka pratIta hotA hai| usa para sarasa kavitA karanA kaThina hai| AcArya amRtacandra ne aise kaThina kArya ko bhI apanI alaukika AdhyAtmika pratibhA evaM bAvitvazakti se sukara evaM sugama kara dikhAyA hai| unakI lekhanI meM bala hai, lavitAnoM meM pAyA hai. sAdoM meM rahA hai aura siddhAMta pratipAdana meM askhalana hai| ve ucca koTi ke kavi haiN|' yapi darzana aura adhyAtma ke kaI anya diggaja AcArya bhI hue haiM parantu adhyAtmarasa kI saritA meM apane ko nimajjita kara dene vAle AcArya amRtacandra hI hue haiN| unhoMne adhyAtmasAgara kA avagAhana karake atryAsmataraMgiNI pravAhita kI hai| unakI AtmakhyAti TIkA ke pAThakoM ko amRtacandra kI adhyAtma rasikatA, anubhavaprakharatA, prakAnhaviddhatA, vastusvarUpa kI nyAya tarka tathA dRSTAMta se siddha karane kI asAdhAraNa zakti aura unakI uttama kAvyazakti kA pUrA jJAna ho jAtA hai| saMkSepa meM gambhIra rahasyoM ko bhara dene kI unakI anokhI sAmarthya vidvAnoM ko AzyAnvita karatI hai| pratyeka bAlaza meM anubhava rasa kI laharI tathA adhyAtma kI mastI pAI jAtI hai| tattvajJAna aura adhyAtma rasa se rArAvAra unake kalaza AdhyAsmarasikoM ko apUrva Ananda pradAna karate haiN| usake paThana evaM rasAsvAdana' se hai staMtrI ke tAra mAnoM jhanajhanA uThate haiN| ukta jhanajhAhada evaM AnaMdAnubhava paidA karAne vAle kuche| kalaza yahA~ udAharaNa ke rUpa meM prastuta haiN| prAtmasvabhAva kA digdarzana karAte hue ve likhate haiM : AtmasvabhAva parabhAvabhinnamApUrNamAdyanta vimuktamekam / vilIna-saMkalpa-vikalpajAlaM prakAzayan zuddhanayobhyudeti / / isI prakAra nayoM ke vikalparUpa pakSapAta ko chor3akara, jo svarUpa meM lIna hote haiM unheM sAkSAt adhyAtmarUpa amRta pIne ko minatA hai| ukta amata se bharA upendravajrA chaMda rUpa kalaza isa prakAra hai: ya eva muktvA nayapakSapAtaM, svarUpa guptA nivasanti nityam / vikalpajAla cyuta zAMta cittAsta evaM sAkSAdamataM pibanti // 1. prAcArya kundakunda aura unakA samayamAra, pRSTha 325-26 2, adhyAtma amRtakalaza, prAmathana, pRSTha 7 3. samayasAra, prastAvanA, pRSTha 6, mAnagar3ha tRtIyAyatti 1664 4. samayasAra kalaza, kramAMka 10 5. samayasAra kalaza, kramAMka 66 mAnA 10

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vyaktisva tathA prabhAva ] [ 103 2. ukta sAkSAta amata ko pIne hetu jJAna sindha, zAMtarasa paripUrNa nija bhI bhagavAn prAtmA meM nimagna hone kI preraNA vasaMtatilakA chaida' hA nimna paJca meM kI gaI hai : majjantu nirbharamamI samameva lokA Alokamucchati zani rase samastAH / *. ApalAdhya vibhrama tiraskariNI bhareNa, pronmagna eSa bhagavAnavabodhasiMgha / / ' uttA preraNA ke sAtha-sAtha, padalAlitya kI bhI chaTA darzanIya hai| yahA~ dutavilaMbita chaMda meM jJAnakalA dvArA mulabha nijapada ko karmoM dvArA nahIM apitu zuddhAtmA ke anubhava kI kalA dvArA prApta karane hetu nirantara abhyAma karane kI preraNA dI gaI hai / yathA :--- padamidaM nana karmadurAsada, sahajabodhakalA sulabhaM kila / tata idaM nijabodhakalAbalAt kalayituM yatatAM satataM jagat / / * yadyapi samayasAra kalazoM meM kaI sthaloM para punarUkti pAI jAtI hai| tathApi adhyAtma meM punarukti ko doSAdhAyaka nahIM mAnA jAtA hai kyoMki anAdi kAla se saMsAra ke jIva adhyAtma se dUra rahe haiM ata: una kA pAna pradhyAtma kI ora AkarSita karAne ke lie kalazoM meM bhinna-bhinna prakAroM se kathana kiyA gayA hai / eka hI kAlaza meM aneka paribhASAeM tathA gambhIra siddhAMta prarUpaNA karane kI asAdhAraNa kavitva zakti amRtacandra meM hai| ise hama sUtra rUpega kathana zailI athavA arthagAMbhIryamayI zailI kaha sakate haiN| unake athaMgAMbhIrya kA namUnA nimna padya meM nihita hai :-- :. .- -:--- 1. samayamAra kalaza, tramAMka 32 2. samayasAra kalaza, kramAMka 143 3. ekasma baddho na tathA parasya citi dvayoAviti pakSApAtau / yastatvavedI cyuta pakSapAtatasyAsti nityaM khalu cicideva / / kalaza 170 isI prakAra uparokta padya ke prathama caraNa ke dvitIya zabda 'bo' ke sthAna para kramaprAH muDho, rakto, duSTo, kartA, bhotA, jIvo, sUkSmo, hetuH, kArya, eko. bhAvo, zAMtI, nityo, vAcyo, nAnA, caityo, dRzyo, vedyo va bhAto padaparivartana karake zeSAMza pUrvavat ho rakhA hai aura isa kI punarAvRtti 70 se 86 vaM kalaza taka pAI jAtI hai| isI prakAra padya kramAMka 64 evaM 65 meM bhI kucha zabdoM ke parivartana ke sAtha adhikAMza zabda punarukta haiM / 4. adhyAtma amRta kalaza, paM. jagamohanalAla zAstrI, pRSTha 26

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104 ] [ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva yaH pariNamati sa kartA, yaH pariNAmo bhavettu tatkarma / yA paraNati kriyA sA trayamapi bhinna na vastutayA / / 1 nekasya hi kAro dvI sto va karmaNI na caikasya / nakasya ca kriye va ekamaneka yato na syAt // ' arthagAMbhIrya ke sAtha sAtha jahAM ve dRSTAMta prastuta kara nirUpita viSaya ko sarala evaM subodha banA dete haiM, vahIM ve apanI anokhI tarkazakti tathA sAlaMkRta padya bhI prastuta karane kI asAdhAraNa kSamatA rakhate haiN| eka sthala para ve varNAdika jIva ke kahe jAne para bho jIva ke nahIM haiM, isa kathana kI siddhi hetu likhate haiM : ghRtakumbhAbhidhAne'pi kumbhoghRtamayo ma cet / jIvo varNAdimajjIva jalpane'pi na tanmayaH / / jisa prakAra ghRtakumbha (ghI kA ghar3A) kathana kiye jAne para bhI ghar3A dhImaya nahIM hai usI prakAra "varNAdimAna jIva hai" aisA kathana kiye jAne para bhI jIva varNAdirUpa nahIM haiN| isI abhiprAya kI siddhi hetu ve dRSTAMtamayI sAlaMkRta zailI meM sundara tarka prastuta karate haiM, jisase kathana bhalI bhAMti spaSTa evaM siddha ho jAtA hai / yathA--- nirvaya'te yena yadatra kicit, tadeva tasyAnna kathaMcanAnyat / rUpameNa nirvRttamihAsikorAM, pazyanti rUkmaM na kathaMcanAsim / prati jisa vastu se jo bhAva bane, vaha bhAva vaha vastu hI hai kisI bhI prakAra anya vastu nahIM hai| jaise jagat meM svarNanimita sthAna ko loga svarNa hI dekhate haiM, kisI prakAra se talavAra nahIM dekhate haiN| anyatra isI prakAra tarkapradhAna zailI meM rathoddhatA tathA indravajrA do padyoM meM likhA hai ki jo jJAtA hai vaha kartA nahIM tathA jo kartA hai vaha jJAtA nhiiN| jAnane 1. samayamAra laza 51 (''jo pari gAmita hotA hai so kartA, jo (pariramita hone vAle kA) parig2Ama hai vaha karma hai aura jo paraNati hai vaha kriyA hai, ye tInoM (martI, karma evaM kiyA) vasturUpa se bhinna nahIM hai|") / 2. savayapAra nAnamA 54 ("eka dravya ke do kattI nahIM hote, eka Fdhya ke do karbha nahIM hote tathA eka dravya ko do kriyAe~ nahIM hotI kyoMki eka drabya aneka dravya rUpa nahIM hotaa|") 3. samayasAra kalaza, 40 4, vahI, kalaza kramAMka 38

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paktitva tathA prabhAva ] [ 105 rUpa zapti kriyA meM karane rUpa karoti kriyA nahIM hotI tathA karoti kriyA meM jJapti kriyA nahIM hotI, ataH siddha hotA hai ki jo jJAtA hai kartA nahIM hai / isa taraha AcArya amRtacandra jisa bAta kI atithi karate haiM, tadartha jo tarka prastuta karate haiM tathA prastutIkaraNa hetu jisa prakAra ko zabda saMracanA karate haiM usase unake asAdhAraNa vyakAra kA rUpa sAkAra ho uThatA hai| unake dvArA prayukta 25 prakAra sundara upamA utprekSA, anuprAsa, dRSTAMta, yamaka, rUpaka Adi aneka kara prasAda, mAdhurya, oja guNoM kA prasphuTana, vibhinna rasoM kA yAvasara paripAka, padalAlitya, svaralaharI, vANI kA adbhuta bilAsa pratyAdi se unakA lokottara vyaktitva, pratibhAzAlI kavitva tathA advitIya kRtittva sahaja hI pragaTa ho jAtA hai / puruSArthasiddhayupAya unakI 226 AryA chandoM meM prasAdaguNamayI eka tantra racanA hai, jisameM samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, samyakcAritra tathA hiMsA kA anUThA varNana hai| puruSArthasiddhayupAya grantha jainAcAra viSayaka pimparoM meM zreSTha kohanUra hai| isameM zrAvakoM ke AcAra kA vizeSa tathA suni AcAra kA saMkSipta digdarzana huA hai| isameM prayukta sUktiyAM jainAgama ke sArasUtra kI bhAMti gambhIra artha ko samAhita kiye haiM / pratyeka sUktiyAM meM gambhIra siddhAMta ghoSita kiyA gyaa| udAharaNa svarUpa kucha sUktiyAM isa prakAra hai :- " bhavati munInAmamaukikI vRttiH" (16) kArya vizeSo hikAraNa vizeSAt / (122), virodhamathanaM namAmyanekAntam / (2), vyavahAra nizcayajJAH pravartayante jagati tIrtham / ( 4 ) bhUtArtha rathoddhatAchaMda - yaH karotisa karoti kevalaM yastuceti sa tu vetti kevalam / yaH karoti na hi vettisa kvacit, yastuveti na karoti sa kvacit // indrAda-jJaptiH karota na hi bhAsate'ntaH, jJaptI karotizca na bhAsate'ntaH // jJaptiH karotizca to vibhinne jJAtA na karmeti tataH sthitaM ca // samayagAra kalaza, kramAMka 66 tathA 67 upajAti, vasaMtatilakA, pRthvA AryA, zranuSya mAlinI, zArdUlavikrIDi svAgatA, zAlinI, mandrAkAMtA, vArA, upendravajrA rathoddhatA, indravajjA, tavilambita, zikharaNI, nATaka, vaMzastha, viyoginI, manjubhASiNI, toTaka, puSpatAgrA, praharSiNI, mattamayUra, hariNI ina 25 prakAra ke padya kA prayoga huA hai /

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106 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra ; vyaktitva evaM kartRttva bodhavimukhaH prAyaH sarvo'pi saMsAra: / (5), guravo bhavanti zaraNaM prabuddhanayanacakrasamvArAH / (58). na duHkhino'pi hantavyAH / (85). nityamadattaM parityAjyam / (106). mULa tu mamatva riNAmaH / (111), tyaktadhyA rAtri bhuktirapi / (126), kartavyo'vazva bhatithaye bhAgaH / (176), zithilina lobho bhvtyhisev| (1.54), mokSopAyo, na bandhanopAyaH / (211) ye sUktiyA~ apane meM jainadharma kA marma, artha gaurava tathA dArzanikatArkika mahattva samAhita kiye hue haiN| prAcArya amRtacandra kA padyasAhitya jahA~ eka ora gambhIra dArzanikatA, siddhAMtadhijJatA tathA adhyAtmarasikAtA se vyApta hai, vahIM dUsarI aura usameM alaMkAroM kI AkarSa jhilamilAhaTa, kAvyasaundarya kA caramotmApaM tathA unake vizAla vyaktitva kI chApa bhI vidyamAna hai| unakI kavitvazakti kA utkarSa evaM kAya ko praur3hatA kA sarva zreSTha udAharaNa unake dvArA racita 'ladhutasvasphoTa nAmakaH'' stotrakAvya hai| isameM vibhinna chandoM meM 25 adhyAyoM meM janadarzana kara parasagambhIra sAgara laharAtA huA pradarzita kiyA gayA hai| isake prathama adhyAya meM kliSTatama parantu sAlaMkRta kAvyamA utkRSTa rUpa dekhane ko milatA hai| 24 tIrthaGkaroM ko vandanA 24 padyoM meM kI gaI hai| pratyeka padya apane pApa meM advitIya pAryorma, anuprAsAramA rogI tathA cAmamA ko saMjoye hue hai| vahA~ kavitA kAminI kA sarvazreSTha saundarya abhivyakta hanA hai athavA sarasvatI svayaM vibhinna alaMkAroM ke bIca sAkAra ho uThI hai| udAharaNa ke lie dvitIya tIrthaGkara ajitanAtha kI stuti karate hue the| basaMtatilakA chanda meM likhate haiM--- mAtA'si mAnamasi meyamasI zimAsi mAnasya cAsi phala mityajitAsi sarvam / . nAsyeva ki ciduta nAri tathApi kiJcidasyeva ciccakacakAyitacacurUpanaH / / 2 / / ..----- 1. puruSArthasiddhamupAya ke upayukta sUktisammukha aMkita padya kramAMka / 2. laghutattvasphoTaH, adhyAya 1, padya naM. 2

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zaktitva kA bhAva / / 107 isa camatkArI rahasyamayI 'padya kA artha isa prakAra hai ki he ajitanAtha tIrthaGkara zrApa jJAvaka ho, jJAna ho, jJeya ho, naanta catuSTaya rUpa lakSmI ke Izvara ho aura jJAna ke phala ho, isa taraha Apa saba kucha ho / . Apake jJAna kA kucha bhI nahIM hai aura Apa anya kisI 'dArtha rUpa nahIM haiM, to bhI Apa utkRSTa rUpa se caitanya camatkAra rUpa ho| isI taraha caturtha tIrthakara labhinandananAtha kI stuti meM ranita padya gambhIra, AkarSaka, .. anuprAsa alaMkAra se alaMkRta tathA uccavitbazakti kA jAjvalyamAna . udAharaNa hai, yathA - parabhAti bhAti nadihAtha ca na bhAni bhAti, nAbhAni bhAti sa ca bhAti na yo nabhAti / bhA bhAti bhAtyani ca bhAti na bhAtya bhAti, sA cAbhinandana vibhAntyabhinandanitvAm / / 4 / / arthAta, he abhinandana nAtha ! jisa dedIpyamAna jJAna se yaha AtmA suzobhita hai, baha jAna anya padArthoM meM suzobhita nahIM hotA kyoMki ve cetana nahIM hai| vaha jJAna jo isa nijAtmA meM mahAna vaibhava ke sAtha dedIpyamAna hai, cetanatA rahita padAthoM meM pradota nahIM hotaa| viziSTa rUpa se zobhAyamAna baha jJAnajyoti (sarvajJatA jisameM jAtA jaya tathA jhAna gabhita haiM) ApakA abhinandana karatI hai / / isI taraha dasaveM tIrthaGkara zItalanAtha kI stuti meM racita padya meM bhI anuprAsa ke sAtha virodhAbhAsa alaMkAra bho prasphuTita huprA hai| padya meM Amata bhAva isa prakAra hai - he zItalanAtha jinendra, Apa (koSAdi sarvavikAroM se) zUnya hone para bhI, (jJAnAdi ananta guNoM se ) atizaya pUrNa haiM / (svakIya guNa paryAyoM se) paripUrNa hokara bhI (anya dravya ke guNaparyAyoM se) zUnya haiN| anya dravyoM meM zunyavibhava hokara bhI jayarUpatA ko prApta hue aneka dravyoM se pUrNa haiN| aneka atizayoM (mahimAoM) se paripUrNa hokara bhI sadA eka hI haiN| isa taraha he zItalanAtha Apake caritra ko jAnane ke lie kauna samartha hai ? arthAt koI nahIM / mula padya isa prakAra hai 1. laghatattvasphoTa-adhyAya 1 padya naM. 4

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108 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva zUnyo'pi nirbhara mRto'si mRto'pi cAnyazUnyo'nyazUnya vibhavo'pyasi nekapUrNaH / tvaM nekapUrNa mahimAgi sadaika eva kaH jJAnaleti caritaM tava mAtumiSTe || 1 zarIra ke stavana se unake samayamA kalaza meM eka sthala para AtmA kA stavana kyoM saMbhava nahIM hai - isake uttara meM dRSTi rUpa meM jo do kAvya raje haiM ve ulamakAvya ko dRSTi se bejor3a haiM tathA utprekSA alaMkAra ke sundara udAharaNa hai, yathA unhoMne dRSTAMta tathA 7 prAkArakavalitAMvaramupavanarAjI nigorNa bhUmitalam / pivatIhi nagaramidaM parikhAbalayena pAtAlam / / * nityama vikAra susthita sarvAgamapUrNa sahaja lAvaNyam / azobhamiva samudra jinendrarUpaM paraM jayati // 3 unhoMne apanI alaMkAra zailI kA kauzala TIkAMta meM pradarzita kiyA hai / vahA~ unhoMne eka sAtha luptopamA, rUpaka, vyatireka tathA anuprAsa alaMkAroM kA manohAri prayoga kiyA hai| vaha padya isa prakAra haiM 3 -- 1. laghutambasphoTa padya kramAMka 10 adhyAya prathama / zra (ha zItalanAtha jinendra zrApa kAmakoNAdi samasta vikAroM se zUnya hokara bhI, jJAnadarzanAdi guNoM se pratizava pUrNa ho, svadhIya guNoM se paripUrNa hokara bhI anyadravya ke guNa paryAyoM se anyadravyoM meM zUnya vibhava hokara bhI jJAtA ko prApta hue aneka paripUrNa ho, aneka pratiyoM se paripUrNa hokara bhI sadA etra ho ho. samartha ? arthAt koI nahIM / zUnya ho, yoM se aise Apake carita ko jAnane 2. samayamA kalaza, kramAMka 25 arthaH- yaha nagara aisA hai ki jisane apane koTa ke dvArA AkAza ko mAno grasita kara rakhA hai ( arthAt koTa bahuta UMcA hai) bagIcoM kI paMktiyoM se jisane bhumitala ko mAno nigala liyA hai (karthAt cAroM aura bagIcoM se pRthvI Dhaka gaI hai), aura koTa ke cAroM ora kI khAI ke ghere se mAnoM pAtAla ko pI rahA hai (arthAt khAI bahuta gaharI hai) / " 3. vahI, kalaza kramAMka 36 - bhagavAna jinendra kA utkRSTa rUpa kSobharahila, gaMbhIra samudra ke samAna hai, vikAra rahita tathA suskSita hai, jisameM yapUrva tathA svAbhAvika lAvaNya hai, aisA rUpa jayavaMta vartI / 1 1

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dhyaktitva tathA prabhAva / [ 106 avicalitacidAtmanyAtmanAtmAnamAtma nyanabaratanimagna dhAra yad dhvastamoham / udinamamRtacandrajyotiretatsamaMtA jajvalatu vimalapUrNa niHsapatnasvabhAvam !' ukta padya meM prathama caraNa meM Atmani, prAtmanA, AtmanaM, Atman meM tathA dvitIya caraNa meM ghArayala-dhvastamoham Adi padoM meM anaprAsa alaMkAra prayukta hai| tathA amRtacandrajyoti: pada me AtmA kI amRtacandrasamAna kahA hai" yahAM samAna pada vAcA "vat" pada kA lopa hone se luptopamA alaMkAra prakaTa hotA hai| yadi "vat" artha na karake mAtra amRtacandrarUpajyoti artha kiyA jAya to bhedarUpaka alaMkAra siddha hotA hai| prAtmA ko amRtamaya candramA ke samAna kahane para bhI, dhvastamohaH vimalapUrNa tathA niHsapatnasvabhAva vizeSaNoM dvArA candramA ke sAtha vyatireka bhI siddha hotA hai kyoMki dhvastamoha vizeSaNa ajJAnarUpa aghaMkAra kA dUra honA batalAtA hai, vimalapUrNa vizeSaNa lAMchanarahitatA ko batAtA hai aura niHsapatnasvabhAva dvArA candramA kI bhAMti rAha se grasita athavA meghAcchAdita hone kA niSedha batAyA gayA hai isa taraha samAsa parivartana ke dvArA amRtacandrajyoti ke anya aneka artha saMbhava haiM / 2 alaMkAroM kI savistAra carcA pAge yathAsthAna kI jAyegI ataH yahAM hama alaMkAra ke aMtima udAharaNa ke rUpa meM atisundara, sugama tathA subodha kAraNamAlA nAmaka alaMkAra prastuta karate haiN| puruSArtha siddhayapAya meM madya ke doSa ko batAte hue ve ukta alaMkAra kA prayoga karate haiM :-yathA madya mohamati manoM, mohitacittastu vismarati dharmam 1 vismRtadharmAjIvo hiMsAma vizaMkamAcarati / / 62 // 1. samayasAra kalaza 276, arzva - akampabaitanya svarUpa prAtmA meM, apane puruSArtha se hI nirantara magna huI mohAMdhakAra ko naSTa karane vAlI, svaccha tathA paripUrNa, rAgAdi virodhI bhAvoM se rahita, udaya ko prApta huI maha amRtamayI candra samAna aAtmajyoti sadA prakAzamAna raho / 2, samayasAra. pariziSTa, pRSTha 601 sonagar3ha, 1964 3. artha - madirA mana ko mohita karatI hai, mAhitacittapuruSa to dharma ko bhUla jAtA hai, dharma ko bhUlA humA jIva niHzaMka hokara hisA vA prAcaraNa karatA hai|" dekho, puruSArthasiddhayupAya padya naM. 62 /

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110 / [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva isa prakAra chanda, rasa, alaMkAroM kA samucita prayoga, kAvyocita aneka guNoM kA samAveza, bhAvAnukula arthagarimAyukta bhASA tathA adhyAtmarasa se paripUrNa padya racanA se amRta candra kA vyaktitva nizcita rUpa se eka saphalatama, pratibhAzAlI, advitIya tathA uccakoTi ke kAvyakAra ke rUpa meM prasphuTita honA hai| vidvAna adhyetA unake kAvya ko nATaka kAvya, anupamakAvya tathA layAtmaka kAvya kI saMjJA dete haiM, unheM nirdoSa kAvya praNetA tathA saMskRta meM layAtmaka kAvya kA Adya AviSkartA mAnate haiM / unhoMne jitanA kauzala gadyakAra kI racanA meM pradarzita kiyA, usase kahI adhika siddhi evaM prasiddhi padya kAga ke praNayana meM prApta kI hai| tattvArthasAra nAmaka vizAla mahatvapUrNa grantha unako asAdhAraNa padya kAvya praNayana zakti kA pratIka hai| gRddhapicchAcArya umAsvAmI dvArA racita tattvArthasUtra ke sUtroM nathA bhAvoM ko aura unapara racita zlokabAtika, rAjavAtitrA Adi bhASyoM ko apane aMtarmukhI vyaktitva meM samAhita karake kavitA- taraMgiNI ke mAdhyama se pravAhita kiyA hai| unako upalabdha padyaracanAeM unake uccakoTi ke kAvyakAra hone kA pramANa haiN| unakI aMtima kRti laghutattvAkoTa: maiM unake nahAnAMvinakA utkarSa evaM pUTana dekhakara unakA pakavIndra" pada sArthaka pratIta hotA hai| isa taraha amatacandra nissaMdeha saphala padya kAvyakAra ke rUpa meM apanI kRtiyoM meM prakAra hote haiN| prAcArya pramattavandra campUkAvyakAra - AcArya amRta candra jitane praur3ha gadyakAvyakAra tathA padyakAvyakAra haiM, utane hI kuzala ve campUkAvyakAra bhI haiM / samayasAra para unakI AtmakhyAti dIkA tathA usameM bIca bIca meM Agata padya unakI campUkAvya zailI kA udAharaNa hai| kAvyalakSaNakAroM ne "gadya tathA padya maya racanA ko campUkAvya kahA hai" yathA - gadyapadyamayaMkAvyaM campUrityabhidhIyate / " isa taraha ukta paribhASA ke anusAra AtmakhyAti TIkA campUkAvyazailI meM likhI gaI kRti pratIta hotI hai| usameM dArzanika vyAkhyAeM gadya meM tathA bhAvotkarSa padya meM abhivyakta pAte haiN| udAharaNa ke rUpa meM eka sthala para jJAnI puruSoM kA tyAga (pratyAkhyAna), svabhAva tathA parabhAva kA bhedajJAna hone para, sahaja hI ho jAtA hai| isa 1. nijAmRtapAna (samayasArakalazoM kA padyAnuvAda) prathama pRSTha gha, Ga, ca 2, saMskRta sAhitya kA itihAsa, DaoN. baladeva prasAda upAdhyAya, pRSTha 414

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] [ 111 bhiprAya kI vivecanA ve sarala, sAlaMkRta gadya tathA sarasa padya meM karate lie likhate haiM: "yathA hi kazcitpuruSaH sabhrAMtyA rajakAtparakIya cIvaramAdAyAyA pari ayana svAmI rAzatvena tadaMcalamAlavya lAgunI kriyamANoM maMkSu, pratibudhyasvArNaya parivartitametadvastraM mAmakamityavAkyaM zrRNvannakhilaM ricandaiH suSThu parIkSA viditametat narakIyamiti jJAtvA khAnI sammunvati taccovarama cirAt tathA jJAtApi saMbhrAMtyA parako yAnbhAvAmAdAyAtmIyapratipAyAtmanyadhyAsya pAnaH svayamajJAnI san guruNA parabhAviveka kukI kriyamANo maMkSa pratibudhyasvakaH khalvayamAtmetyasakRcchrAta sAvadhaM zraNvannakhilaM vicanhaiH suSThu parIkSya nizcitamete parabhAvA iti jJAtvA yAnI san munvati sarvAnparabhAtAnacirAt / mAlinI chaMda: -; - vatarati na yAvad vRttimatyatyaMta vegAdanavamaparabhAvatyAgadRSTAMtadRSTiH / Titi sakalabhAveranyadIyavimuktA svayamiyamanubhUtistAvadAvivabhUva // 29 // 1 AtmarUpAtikalazaTIkA (gAthA 35 kI TIkA ) "jaise koI puruSa dhobI ke ghara se bhramavaza dusare kA vastra lAkara use apanA samajhakara bor3akara so rahA hai, aura apane bApa hI ajJAnI (yaha vastra parAyA hai aise jJAna se rahita ) ho rahA hai / kintu jaba dUsarA vyakti usa vastra kA chora pakar3akara khIcatA hai aura use nagna kara kahatA hai ki "tU zIghra jAga, sAvadhAna ho| yaha merA vastra badale meM aa gayA hai, yaha merA hai sAM mujhe de de, (taba bArambAra kahe gaye isa vAkya ko sunatA huA vaha ( usa vastra kI) sarva cinhoM se bhalIbhAMti parIkSA karake ' "pravazyaM yaha vastra dUsare kA hI hai" aisA jAnakara jJAnI hotA huA, usa vastra ko zIghra ho tyAga detA hai| isI prakAra jJAtA bhI bhramavaza paradravya ke bhAvoM ko grahaNa karake unheM apanA jAnakara apane meM eka rUpa karake so rahA hai aura apane Apa ajJAnI ho rahA hai| jaba zrI guru parabhAva kA viveka (bhedajJAna ) karake use eka AtmabhAvarUpa karate haiM aura kahate haiM ki "tU jAga, sAvadhAna ho, yaha terA zrAtmA vAstava meM eka (jJAnamAtra) hI hai, taba bArambAra kahe gaye isa zrAgama vAkya ko sunatA huA vaha (svapara ke ) samasta cinhoM se bhalIbhAMti parIkSA karake "avazya yaha parabhAva hI hai, ( meM eka jJAna mAtra hI haiM) yaha jAnakara, jJAnI hotA huA, sarva parabhAvoM ko tatkAla chor3a detA hai / mAlinI chaMda kA artha - "yaha parabhAva ke tyAga ke dRSTAMta kI dRSTi rUpa yaha taba taka tatkAla hI paradravyoM ke sakala prakaTa ho jAtI hai / " 26 // vRtti jabataka vegapUrvaka purAnI na ho bhAvoM se rahita yaha zrAtmAnubhUti svayaM

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112 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva isI taraha kI campUrzalI kA prayoga sampUrNa TIkA meM pAte haiM / sampUrNa kRti meM gadya ke sAtha padyoM kA prayoga acuramAtra meM huA hai| poN| kI saMkhyA 278 hai jisase campUkAvyazailIgata gadya ke sAtha samukti anupAta meM padyoM kA mizraNa sahaja bana par3A hai| tathA prAcArya amRtacanha kI dhampuzailI meM racanA karane kI saphala kSamatA kA paricaya bho huA hai| pravacanasAra tathA paMcAstikAya kI ubhaya TIkAeM yadyapi pramukhataH pror3atama evaM kliSTa gadyakAvyazailI meM haiM tathApi unameM bhI bIca bIca meM kucha pada A par3e haiM jisase AcArya amRtacandra kA campUkAvya zailI kA sneha pradarzita hotA hai| DaoN. padmanAbha jainI, (prophesara, kelIphoniyA vizvavidyAlaya) ne bhI amRtacandra kI zailI ko uttaramadhyakAlIna anuprAsAtmaka camyUzailI ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA hai| unakI dRSTi meM amRtacandra ko tatkAlIna campUrzanI se pUrvasneha thaa|' amRtacandra ko hama campUkAvyazailI kA pramukha unnAyaka mAnate haiM kAraNa ki campUzailI ke sAhitya kI upalabdhi dasavIM zatAbdI se pUrva nahIM hotI / prAcArya amRtacandra dasavIM zatAbdI IsvI meM prArambha ke haiN| unakA samaya hamane vibhinna prAdhAroM para. IsvI 10 nizcita kiyA hai / madhyakAlIna campUkAvyakAroM meM nalacampU tathA madAlasAcampU ke lekhaka trivikrama bhaTTa (IsvI 615)3 yazastilakacampUkAra somadeva (IsvI 656), jIvandhara campUracayitA mahAkavi haricanda (11. 12 vIM sadI) purudeva campUkAra arhaddAsa (terahavIM sadI) ke nAma ullekhya / haiM / ina sabhI campUkAvyakAroM meM AcArya amRtacandra vayavariSTha to haiM hI sAtha hI campUyuga ke Adya unnAyako meM bhI zreSTha haiM 1 jahAM trivikrama zleSapradhAna racanAkAra haiM vahAM amRtacandra anuprAsa kavIndra haiM unakI anuprAsa zailI camatkArotpAdaka, rasAbhivyaMjaka tathA anubhava rasa se paripUrNa hotI hai / udAharaNa ke lie rAgI jIva jJAnI (samyagdRSTi) kyoM nahIM hotA isake spaSTIkaraNa meM amRtacandra likhate haiM:--- ni 1. Amrtacandra, on the other hand, displays a predilection for thealitera tive Champu style of the lato mediacval period....................Iatroduction Page 3 of 'Lagbu tattve Sphota' by AAmrtacandrasuri 2. saMskRta sAhitya kA itihAsa, DaoN. baladeva prasAda upAdhyAya, pRSTha 414 3. vahI, pRSTha 416 4. vahI, pRSTha 421 5. janendra siddhAMta koza, bhAga 4, pRSTha 532 6. mahAkavi haricanda, eka anuzIlana, stambha 1, pRSTha 6

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vyaktitva ra abhAva ] [ 113 "yastha rAgAdInAmAjJanamayAnAM bhAvAMnAMlezasyApi sadbhAvo'sti sa taba likalpo'pi jJAnamayasya bhAvasyAbhAvAdAtmAnaM na jAnAti / yastvAtmAnaM na jAnAti sAMDanAtmAnamapi na jAnAti svarUpapararUpa sattAsattAbhyAmekasya vastuto nizcIyamAnatvAt tato ya AtmAnAtmAnau na jAnAti sa jIvAjIva na jAnAti / yastu jIva jIvo na jAnAti sa samyadRSTireva na bhavati / tato rAgI jJAnAbhAvAnna bhavati samyagdRSTiH / 1 mandAkrAMtA chaMda. AsaMsArAtpratipadamamI rAgiNo nityamattAH suptA yasminnapadapadaM tadvibudhyadhvagaMdhAH / ertatetaH padamidamidaM yatra caitanyadhAtuH 7 zuddhaH zuddhaH svarasabharataH sthAyibhAvatvameti // 138 // 3 isI taraha "jJAnI ko sarva prakAra ke upabhogoM ke prati virakti hotI hai "isa kathana kI siddhi hetu prayukta sAlaMkRta evaM camatkRta campUzailI kA namUnA bhI dRSTavya hai yathA "iha khalvadhyavasAnodayAH katare'pi saMsAra viSayAH katare'pi zarIraviSayA: / tatra yatare saMsAra viSayAH tatare baMdhanimittaH yatare zarIra viSaya 1. samayasAra gAthA 201 - 202 kI AtmakhyAti TIkA (artha - jirAke rAgAdi ajJAnamaya bhAvoM kA lezamAtra bhI sadbhAva hai, vaha zrutakevalI jaisA hone para bhI jJAnamaya bhAvoM ke abhAva ke kAraNa zrAtmA ko nahIM jaantaa| jo zrAtmA ko nahIM jAnatA vaha anAtmA ko bhI nahIM jAnatA kyoMki svarUpa se sattA aura pararUpa se sattA donoM ke dvArA eka vastu kA nizcaya hotA hai| isaprakAra jo AtmA aura anAtmA ko nahIM jAnatA vaha jIva tathA prajIva ko bhI nahIM jAnatA / jo jIva tathA ajIva ko nahIM jAnatA, vaha samyagdRSTi hI nahIM hai / bhataH rAgI samyagjJAna ke abhAva ke kAraNa samyagdRSTi nahIM hotA | :-- 2. mandAkrAMtA chaMda kA artha prare ( vastusvarUpa ko na dekhane vAle ) yantra prANiyoM suma parapadArtha meM rAgI hue anAdikAlIna saMsAra se sadA unmatta bane ho, jisa caturgati rUpa saMsArI paryAyoM meM lIna ho, vaha terA sthAna nahIM hai, nahIM hai, ataH jAgo jaago| yahAM se jAo yahAM se jAno, tumhArA pada vaha hai jahAM caitanyabAlu apane paramazuddha caitanya rasa se bharI huI sthApane ko prApta hotI hai, vahAM terA pada hai / samayasAra kalama 138

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114 ] [ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva statare tUpabhogani pittAH / yatare baMdha nimittAstatare rAgadbaSamohAyAH yatare tUpabhoganimitta sta tare sukhaduHkhAdyAH / athAmISu sarveSvapi jJAnino nAsti rAgaH nAnAdravyasya bhAvatvena TaMkotkIrNaM kajJAyakabhAvasvabhAvasya tasyatatpratiSedhatvAta / svAgatA chaMda zAnino na hi parigrahabhAvaM, karma rAgarasa riktatayati / raMgaya kina rakaSAyitavastre svIkRtaiva hi bahila utIha / / jJAnavAn svarasato'pi yataH syAta, sarva rAgarasa varjanazIla: / lipyate sakalakarmabhireSa: karmamadhyapatito'pi tato na // isa taraha una udAharaNoM se amRtacandra kI sarasa, AlaMkArika tathA adhyAtma ra sabharita campU zailI kA bhalIbhAMti paricaya milatA hai, ataH unheM hama gazapadya kAvya kAra ke sAtha hI caggUkAvyakAra bhI vAha sakate haiN| unake ye tInoM advitIya asAdhAraNa sAhityika pahalU amRtacandra ke vyaktitva ke kAvyakAra ke pahalU ko ujAgara karate haiN| ve siddhahasta praur3ha gadya lekhaka, rasasiddha padyaprotA tathA AkarSaka campUkATyakAra ke rUpa meM apanI kRtiyoM meM prakAzamAna hai| 1. samayasAra gAthA 217 kI dIkAH-''isa loka meM jo adhyavasAna ke udaya haiM ve kitane hI to saMsAra sambandhI haiM aura kitane hI zarIra sambandhI haiN| unameM jitane saMgAra sambandhI hai, usane bandha ke nimitta hai aura jitane zarIra saMbaMdhI haiM utane upabhoga ke nimitta haiM / jisane bandha ke nimitta haiM, uttane to rAmadveSa. moha dhAdi haiM aura jitane upabhoga ke nimitta haiM utane sukhaduHkhAdika haiN| ina sabhI meM jJAnI ke rAga nahIM hai, kyoMki ve sabhI nAnA dravyoM ke svabhAva hai isalie TaMkoMkIrNa eka jJAyakabhAva svabhAva vAle jJAnI ke unakA niSedha hai| 2. (svAgatA chaMdoM kA ) artha- "rAga ke rapa se zUnya hone ko kAraNa jJAnI kI koI bhI kiyA mamatva pariNAma ko prApta nahIM hotI, jisa prakAra lodha aura phiTakarI se kaSAyalA na kiyA vastra, anya raMga ke saMyoga ko svIkAra karane para 'mI; baha raMga bAhira hI bAhira banA rahatA hai arthAta vastra ko raMjita nahIM karatA // 14 // " " ki jJAnIpuruSa apane svabhAvarasa se hI saMpUrNa rAgarasoM kA varjaka (niSedhaka) hai ataH karmoM ke bIca par3A huA bhI yaha jJAnI samasta karmoM se lipta nahIM hotA / . 146 / / " samayasArakalaza

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tatva tathA prabhAva ] [ 115 pAcArya amRtacandra - vyAkhyAkAra ke rUpa meM 1. prasAdhAraNa tathA advitIya vidvAn-AcArya amRtacandra ke zaktiva kA eka pahala saphalatama vyAkhyAkAra kA bhI hai| vyAkhyAkAra ke meM ve asAdhAraNa tathA advitIya vidvAn the| jisa prakAra TIkAkAra sanAtha, mahAkavi kAlidAsa ke granthoM ke rahasyajJa the, usI prakAra mutacandra AcArya kundakunda ke granthoM ke marmajJa vyAkhyAtA the|' jisa taraha cArya vidyAnaMdasvAmI na hote to prAcArya akalaMka ke grandhoM kA marma majhanA kaThina hotA, usI taraha yadi AcArya amRtacandra vyAkhyAkAra na se to kundakunda ke sUtroM kA artha samajhanA muzkila hotaa| unakA dhyAtmaviSayaka TIkA sAhitya prameya kI dRSTi se utanA hI mahatvapUrNa jitanA mUla adhyAtmasAhitya / AcArya kundakunda ne tIrthakaroM ke upadeza ko granthoM meM gUthakara tIrthakara-sarvajJatulya kArya kiyA tathA cArya amRtacandra ne kundakunda ke hRdayagata rahasya ko gambhIra TokAoM yasa udghATita kara gaNadhara tulya kArya kiyaa| unakI TIkAe~ atarAtmapoti jagamagA dene vAlI haiN| granthakartA ke mUlabhAvoM evaM rahasyoM ko kaTa karanA, una para gambhIra bhASya kI racanA karanA mahAna dArzanika kA ye hai| "bhASyakAla ko alaMkRta karane vAle aise dArzanikoM kI gaNanA sAra ke mahAna dArzanikoM meM kI jAtI hai| alpAkSararUpa mUlasUtroM meM lihita tathyoM kA vizadIkaraNa apanI tAkika buddhi se niSpanna kara eka hAna sAhitya kI saSTi ina dArzanikoM dvArA huI hai| AcArya amRtacandra hI aise hI mahAn TIkA sAhitya ke srasTA haiN| unakI samagra TIkAe~ auddhatama, dArzanika tathA pAMDityapUrNa zailo meM racita haiM / ve saMskRta vAGamaya utkarSa evaM praudatA kI jhalaka ko prastuta karatI haiN| samayasAra kI AtmakhyAti kalaza TIkA aisI zreSTha racanA hai jo bhAvArya amRtacandra kI prakANDa vidvattA, bAgmitA tathA apratima prAMjalazelI sI paricAyaka hai, sAtha hI unakI kIrti ko zreSTha vyAkhyAtA ke rUpa meM tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI prAcArya paramparA, pRSTha 402 khaNDa dvitIya / jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa, bhAga 2, pRSTha 172 . mAtmadharma aMka 248, disambara 1665, pRSTha 453 (saMta kAnajI svAmI kA pravacana) . saMskRta sAhitya kA ikihAsa DaoN. baladeva upAdhyAya puSTha 656

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116 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartR 3 Hao zramaratA pradhAna karane meM samartha hai| pravacanasAra tathA paMcAstikAya pa racita tattvapradIpikA evaM samaya vyAkhyA nAmaka gadya TIkAoM meM vyAkhyAta amRtacandra kI vidvattA dArzanikatA tathA praur3hatA kA utkarSa carama sIma ko sparza karatA pratIta hotA hai / ye donoM TIkAeM gambhora- saMddhAMti vyAkhyAna tathA darzana para hone ke kAraNa adhikAza gaMdharUpa meM hai, kahIM pAThaka unakI dArzanikatA, kavitva zakti tathA bhAvodraka ko padyarU meM bhI prasphuTita pAte haiN| unakI TIkA tatvapradIpikA meM 14 padya ta samayavyAkhyA meM " padya sahaja hI abhivyakta hue haiM / samayasAra ko Ara svAti TIkA meM unakI prakhara vidvattA ke sAtha hI sAtha adhyAtma ra sika kA caramotkarSa vidyamAna hai / yadyapi isa TIkA meM gadya tathA padya donoM ka sAmanjasya hai tathApi isameM abhUtacandra kI asAdhAraNa kAvyapratibhA vizeSa rUpa se pragaTa huI hai| isase yaha bAta bhI pramANita hotI hai ki amuca mAtra gaTIkA likhane meM hI nahIM apitu padyaTIkA likhane meM bhI siddhaha the / padyaTIkAkAra ke rUpa meM unakA vyaktitva "tattvArthasAra nAmaka pa TIkRti se spaSTataH pramANita hai| tasvArthasAra padyaTIkA gRddhapicchAcArI umAsvAmI ke tattvArtha sUtra para AdhArita 720 padyoM meM hai / isa tara spaSTa hai ki adyAvadhi upalabdha amRtacandra kI samasta racanAoM meM bahubhA TIkA sAhitya tathA zeSa bhAga maulika sAhitya ke rUpa meM hai / ise ha unake vyAkhyAkAra hone kA pramukha AdhAra mAna sakate hai / 2. soddazya TIkA kRtiyA~- unakI samasta TIkAkRtiyoM kI sRSTi eka viziSTa uddezya ko lekara huI hai, pANDitya pradarzana unakA dhyeya nahIM thA / ve pANDityapradarzana ke kAla meM hue tathA eka saphala vyAkhyAkAra rUpa meM unhoMne vibhinna TIkAoM kI racanA ke uddezyoM ko prApta karane saphalatA prApta kI / pratyeka TIkA ke Arambha meM unhoMne apane udda ko spaSTa ghoSita kiyA hai| AtmakhyAti TIkA kI racanA kA ghoSita karate hue ve likhate haiM--" paraparagati ( vikAradazA) kA kAra mohanAmaka karma hai, jisake anabhava se merI pariNati malina hotI rahI haiM aba isa samayasAra kI vyAkhyA dvArA merI pariNati parama vizuddhi ko prApta hove meM dravyadRSTi se zuddhacaitanyamAtra mUrti huu| isI taraha tarabapradIpika " 1. zrAtmasvAti, namayasAra, kalaza, padya kramAMka 3

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tathA prabhAva ] 1 117 kA lakSya spaSTa karate hue kahA hai- "paramAnandarUpa amRtarasa ke bhavyajIvoM ke hita ke lie, vastutattva ko spaSTa dAnevAlI sanasAra kI yaha TIkA rakhI jA rahI hai| samaya kA uddezya mahimA isa prakAra hai ki yaha samayavyAkhyA TIkA samyagjJAna rUpI jyoti ko janma dene vAlI (janavI ) hai donoM (nizcayabihAra ) nayoM ke Azraya se racI gaI hai, ise saMkSepa meM kahA jAtA hai / " sAra TokA ke Arambha meM bhI yaha lakSya spaSTa ghoSita hai ki aba zAbhilASI jIvoM ( mumukSuoM) ke kalyANa ke lie, mokSamArga ko kAzita karane hetu dIpaka ke samAna yaha tatvArthasAra nAmaka grantha atyaMta priMTa rUpa se kahA jAtA hai / isa taraha vibhinna granthoM ke marma kA rahasyopriMTana karane aura apane ghoSita uddezyoM ko pAne meM ye saphala hue haiM / sikI upalabdha TIkAkRtiyAM unakI saphalatA kI dyotaka haiM / 7 3. saMskRta gadya tathA padya sAhitya kI vibhinna zailiyoM kA prayogakAra ke rUpa meM unhoMne apane bhASyoM meM saMskRtagadya tathA padya sAhitya kI vibhinna zailiyoM kA saphala prayoga kiyA hai| kucha navIna iliyoM ke ke puraskartA bhI haiN| unakI TIkAoM meM kucha upalabdha pramukha ziyoM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM- vyutpatti-arthazailI, nayazailI, hetupuraspara tI dRSTAMta va dASTIta zailo, "dRSTAMta meM tarka, tarka meM prazna, prazna meM samAsvAna vyAkhyA zailI, prazna zailI, larkasApekSa zailI, anumAna paMcAvayavazailI, "zailI", nyAya zailI, anekarUpa kathana zailI, pratyabhijJAna zailI, sUtrarUpa kathana zailI, samAsa vigraha paraka zailI, samAsa bahuladIrgha vAkyAvali yukta zailI tathA tulanAtmaka kathana zelI shraadi| ina zailiyoM kA sapramANa Aklina hama prAge yathAsamaya savistAra kareMge, phira bhI udAharaNa ke rUpa ku zailiyoM kA prayoga isa prakAra hai meM vyutpatti yA niruktiparaka zailI -jhAcArya amRtacandra ne jahAM jahAM mUla zabda ke rahasya ko karanA cAhA, vahIM una zailI kA prayoga samayasAra kI TokA prArambha karate samaya "samaya" zabda kI gambhIratA ko prakaTa karate hue likhA hai "mamayateekatvena yugapajjA kiyA hai / yathA - pradIpikA, padma zrama 3 samayadhyAkhyA, padya kramAMka 3 tatvArthasAra, padya naM. 2

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118 ] [ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva nAti, gacchati ceti nirukoH" arthAta "samaya zabda kA artha hai ekatva rUpa se sAtha sAtha jAne tathA gamana (pariNamana) kare / ' ukta zabda kI vyAkhyA kA spaSTIkaraNa karate hue punaH likhA hai- "samayazabdenAtra sAmAnyena sarvaevArtho'bhidhIyate / samayate ekIbhAvena straguNa paryAyAna gacchato ti nirukteH| arthAt yahAM "samaya zabda se sAmAnyatayA sabhI padArtha kahe jAte haiM kyoMki vyatpatti ke anusAra samayate aryAta ekIbhAva se apane guNa paryAyoM ko prApta hokara jo pariNamana kare vaha samaya hai / 'dravya" zabda kI vyAkhyA bhI isI zailI meM kI gaI hai| saralArya zalI-ukta "samaya" zabda kA hI anya prakaraNa meM saralArtha karate hue samaya 5., a sA hai. 4 .. "sAyoti AgamaH" / zramaNa pada kA artha mahAzramaNa yA sarva-vItarAgadeva kiyA hai yathA- "zramaNA hi mahAzramaNA: sarvaca vItarAgA: / 5. AcArya amRtacandra pratyeka zabda kA prakaraNAnusAra jahAM jo artha abhipreta hai. vaha artha karane meM kuzala haiN| vyAkhyAkAra kI saphalatA bhI isI meM hai| eka sthala para "samaya" zabda kA prayoga darzana yA ta ke rUpa meM karate hue sAMkhyadarzana ko "sAMsyasamaya" pada se abhihita karate haiN| anyatra samaya pada kA prayoga "kAla" ke paryAyavAcI artha meM bhI karate haiM / yathA - "jAnasamaye'nAdi zeyajJAnabhedavijJAnazUnyatvAt" isa vAkya meM "jJAnasamaye" pada kA artha "jJAna ke kAla meM" abhipreta hai| isI taraha eka sthala para "samaya" zabda kA prayoga AtmA ke artha meM kiyA hai yathA-"namaH samaya sAgaya"8 paryAta zuddha prAtmA ko namaskAra ho| isa taraha yathocita yathArtha zabda prayoga ko cAturI unake vyAkhyAtA pada ko mahattvapUrNa banAtI hai| nayazailI -- naya zailI meM dravya ke svarUpa kA mAmika, gambhIra, dArzanika tathA suspaSTa vyAkhyAna karate hue ve likhate haiM ki vAstava meM sabhI vastuoM kA svarUpa sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka hone se vastusvarUpa daSTAoM 1. samayamAra gAthA 2 kI TIkA, pRSTha 6 2. vahI, gAthA 3 kI TIkA, pRSTha 11 3, paMcAstikAya gAthA 6 kI TIkA, paSTha 25 4. paMcAstikAya gAbhA 2 kI TIkA / 5. vahI, gAthA 2 kI TIkA / 6. mamayamAra mAthA 3.44 kI prAtmakhyAti TIkA, pRSTha 471 7. vahIM, gAthA 344 pRSTha 472 / 8, prAtmakhyAti, samayasArakalaza prathama /

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vyaktitva tathA pramAya ] [ 116 ke sAmAnya aura vizeSa ko jAnane vAlo kramazaH dravyAthika paura paryAyArthika naya rUpa do A~kheM hotI haiN| inameM paryAyAthika nayacakSa ko sarvathA banda karake kevala dravyAthika nayacakSa ko kholakara dekhA jAtA hai taba nArakatva, tithaMcatva, manuSyatva, devatva aura siddhatva paryAyarUpa bhedoM meM avasthita eka jIvasAmAnya ko dekhane vAle tathA bhedoM ko na dekhane vAle jIvoM ko 'sabhI jIvadravya hai" aisA pratibhAsita hotA hai| aura jaba dravyAthika nayacakSu ko sarvathA banda karake kevala paryAyAthika nayacakSu ko kholakara dekhA jAtA hai taba jIvadravya meM nArakatvAdi bheda dekhane tayA sAmAnya ko na dekhane vAle jIvoM ko (vaha jIvadravya) anya anya pratibhAsita hotA hai, kyoMki dravya una una vizeSoM se tanmaya hone se una una bhedoM se ananya hai| jaise kaNDe, patte aura kASThamaya agni / aura jaba dravyAthika va paryAyAdhika naya rUpa donoM hI cakSa oM ko kholakara unake dvArA dekhA jAtA hai taba nArakatva prAdi meM rahane vAlA jIva sAmAnya tathA jIvasAmAnya meM rahane vAle nArakatva Adi vizeSa eka kAla meM hI dikhAI dete haiN| vahIM eka A~kha meM dekhA jAnA ekadeza avalokana hai tathA donoM A~khoM meM dekhA jAnA sarvAvalokana hai| isalie sarvAvalokana meM dravya ke anyatva aura ananyatva viroSa ko prApta nahIM hote / ' ukta gadyAMza meM --.--...... . . 1. pravacanasAra gAthA 114 vI tattvadIpikA TIkA-"sarvasya hi vastunaH sAmAnyadizeSAsAtvAttatsvarUpamRtpazyatAM yathAzramaM sAmAnyavizeSau parinchindatI hU~ kli cakSuSI dravyAthika paryAyarthikaM ceti / tatra paryAyAthikamekAMtanimIlitaM vidhAya kevalonmIlitena dravyAthikena padAvalokyase tadA nArakatiryaGa, manuSyadevaniddhatvaparyANAsmakeSu vizeSeSu vyavasthita jIvasAmAnyamekamavalokyatAmanavalo kita vizeSANAM tassarvajIvadravyAmiti prtibhaati| yadA tu dravyAthikamakAntanimIlitaM kaMbalonmIlitena paryAyAthikenAvalokyate tadA jIvadnye vyavasthitAnnArakatiryaka manuSyadebasiddhatvaparyAyAmakAn vizeSAnanekAnavalokayatAmanavaloritasAmAnyAnAmanyadanyatpratibhAti / dravyasya tasadvizeSa kAle tattadvizeSebhyastanmayatvenAnanyatvAt gaNatRNaparNadArumayahavyavAhavat / yA tu te ubhe api 'dravyAthikaparyAyAthika tulyakAlonmIlite vidhAya tata itazcAva lokyate tadA nArakatiyaM manuSyadevasiddhasvaparyAyeSu vyavasthitaM jIvasAmAnya jIvasAnAnye ca vyavasthitA nArakattiryaGa manuSyadevasiddhatvaparyAyAsmakA vizeSAzca tulyakAlamevAvalokyante / tacakSa alokanamekadezAvalokanaM, vicakSuravalokana sarvAvalokana / tataH sarvAvalokane dravyasyAnyasvAnanyasvaM ca na vipratiSidhyate /

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120 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva tathA kartRtva gambhIra dArzanikatA ke sAtha hI amRtacandra ke prItama gadya, sAmAsika sAlaMkRta zailI evaM vidvattA kI spaSTa jhalaka milatI hai jo unheM uccakoTi kAvyAgAkAra sita karatI hai| sugama vyAkhyA zailI - jJAna ko mokSa kA kAraNa siddha karate hue sugama vyAkhyAzailI meM ve likhate haiM- "jJAnaM hi mokSa hetuH jJAnasya zubhAzubhakarmaNorabaMdhahetutve sati mokSahetutvasya tathopapatteH / tattu sakalakamI dijAtyaMtara viviktacijjAtimAtraH paramArtha Atmeti yAvat / sa tu yugapadekIbhAvapravRttajJAnagamanamayatayA samatraH sakalanayapakSAsaMkIrNe kajJAnatayA zuddhaH, kevala cinma vanmAtravastutayA kevalI, mananamAtra bhAvatayA muniH svayameva jJAnatathA jJAnI, svasya bhavanamAtratayA svabhAva:, svatazcito bhavanamAtratayA sadbhAvo veti zabdabhede'pi na ca vastu bheda: / " isI zailI meM anyatra "jIvoM ko vAstavika mokSa kA kAraNa jJAna hai" yaha batalAte hue ve likhate haiM " mokSahetuH kila samyagdarzanajJAnacAritrANi / tatra samyagdarzanaM tu jIvAdi zraddhAnasvabhAvena jJAnasya bhavanam / jIvAdijJAnasvabhAvena jJAnasya bhavanaM jnyaanm| rAmAdipariharaNasvAbhAvena jJAnasya bhavanaM cAritram / tadevaM samyagdarzana jJAnacAritrANyeka meva jJAnasya bhavanamAyAtam / tato jJAnameva paramArtha mokSahetuH 2 isI taraha saralatama, sugamatama tathA 1. samayasAra gAthA 151 TIkA, artha:- jJAna mokSa kA kAraNa hai kyoMki vaha zubhAzubha karmo ke bandha kA kAraNa na hone se usake isa prakAra mokSa kA kAraNapanA banatA hai / vaha jJAna samasta karma Adi jAtiyoM se bhinna caitanya jAtimAtra paramArtha (paramapadArtha ) hai - AtmA hai / vaha (AtmA) eka hI 'mAya eka rUpa se pravartamAna jJAna aura gamana svarUpa hone se samaya hai, samasta nayapakSoM se zramizrita eka jJAnasvarUpa hone te zuddha haiM, kevalacinmAtra vastusvarUpa hone se kevalI hai, kevala manana mAtra ( jJAnamAtra) bhAvasvarUpa hone se muni hai, svayaM hI jJAnasvarUpa hone se jJAnI hai. sva kA bhavanamAtra svarUpa hone se svabhAva hai| zrathavA svataH caitanya kA bhavanamAtrasvarUpa hone se sadbhAva hai, isa prakAra zabdabheda hone para bhI vastubheda nahIM hai / 2. vahIM, gAthA 155 kI TIkA, artha:-mokSa kA kAraNa vAstava meM samyakdarzanajJAnacAritra hai| vahAM samyagdarzana to jIvAdi padArthoM ke zraddhAnasvabhAva rUpa jJAna kA honA [ pariNamana karanA) hai, jIvAdi padArthoM ke jJAnasvabhAvarUpa jJAna kA honA jJAna hai, rAgAdi ke tyAga svabhAva rUpa jJAna kA honA so cAritra hai | ataH isa prakAra samyakdarzanazAnacAritra tInoM eka zAna kA hI bhavana (pariNamana) hai, isalie jJAna hI paramArthaM ( vAstavika ) mokSa kA kAraNa hai /

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] [ 121 sagamalama tathA laghuttama vAkyAvali ke prayoga dvArA sUgrAhya, subodha tathA sundaragadha kA zreSTha namUnA eka sthala para upalabdha hotA hai jahAM ve jJAnI ke dharma (puNya ) kA parigraha nahIM hotA "isa bAta kI siddhi karate hue likhate haiM: __ "icchA parigrahaH / tasya parigraho nAsti, yasyecchA nAsti / icchA tvajJAnamayo bhAvaH, ajJAnamayo bhAvastu jJAnino jJAnamaya evaM bhAvo'sti / tato jJAnI ajJAnamayasya bhAvasya icchAyA abhAvAddharma necchati / tena jhAnino dharma parigraho nAsti / jJAnamayasyakasya jJAyaka bhAvastha bhAbAdadharmasya kevalaM jJAyaka evAyaM syAt / ''1 graha hai amRtavandra kI tugamavyAkhyA .. zailI evaM zRkhalAbaddha kathana kA nmuunaa| praznottara zailI- isa zailI meM abhUnacandra ke gadya kA manohAri rUpa dekhane ko milatA hai, sAtha unake gambhIra dArzanika saiddhAMtika jJana tathA anokhI tarka zakti kA bhI paricaya prApta hotA hai / katuM tvaguNa ke vyAkhyAna meM jIva ke parabhAvoM ke kartRtva kA niSedha tathA svabhAva ke kartRtva kA samarthana karate hae ve likhate hai:-- jIvA hi nizcayena parabhAvAnAmakaraNAsvabhAvAnAM kartArI bhaviSyanti / tAMzca kurvANA: kimanAdinidhanAH, ki sAdisa nidhanA:, ki sAdyanidhanAH, triM tadAkAraNena pariNatAH, kimayariNatAH bhaviSyatItyAzakyedamukta / jovA hi sahaja caitanya lakSaNa pAriNAmika bhAvenAnAdinidhanaH / ta evaudayika kSAyopaza mikaupaza mikabhAvaH sAdisanidhanAH / ta eva kSAyika bhAvena saadynidhnaaH| na ca sAditvAtsanighanatvaM kSAdhika bhAvasyAzaMkyam sa khalapAdhinivRttau pravartamAnaH siddhabhAva iva sadbhAva eva jIvasyA sadabhAvena cAnantA eva jIvAH pratijJAyate / na ca teSAmanAdinidhanasahaja caitanya lakSaNeka bhAvAnAM sAdisanidhanAni sAdyanidhanAni bhAvAMtarANi nopapadyaMta iti vaktavyam, 1. samayasAra gAthA 210 sI TIkA- (artha-'icchA parigraha hai| uso parigraha nahIM hai jisake icchA nahIM hai| icchA to ajJAnamaya bhAva hai aura prajJAnanaya bhAva jJAnI ke nahIM hotA, jJAnI jAnamaya hI bhAva hotA hai, isalie ajJAnamaya bhAva-icchA ke anAva hone se jJAnI dharma (puNya) ko nahIM cAhatA, isalie zAnI ke dharma kA parigraha nahIM hai| jJAnamaya eka jJAyakabhAva ke sadbhAva ke kAraNa yaha (jJAnI) dharma kA kevala jJAyaka hI hai|

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122 / [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva . te khalvanAdi karmamalImasAH paMkasaMpRkta nIyavattadAkAreNa pariNatatvAtyaMca. pratrAnaguNapradhAnatvenaivAnubhUyaMta iti / '1 anyatra praznottara zailI meM dRSTAMta tathA tarka kA sundara prayoga karate hue strAtmA meM kriyA ke hone meM virodha hai isalie AtmA ke svajJAyakatA kaise ghaTita hotI hai ? isa prazna kA uttara eka asAdhAraNa vyAkhyAkAra ko pranibhA ke pradarzana ke sAtha diyA hai- yathA- 'nana svAtmani kriyA virodhAt katha nAmAtmaparicchedakatvam / kA hi nAma kriyA ? kI dazazca virodha; ? kriyA hi natra birodhinI samuttattirUpA vA jJapti rUpA vA / utpatirUpA hi tAvannaka svasmAtprajAyata ityAmamAviruddhaMva / jJaptirUpAyAstu prakAzana kriyayava pratyavasthitatvAmma tatra vipraniSecasyAvatAraH / yathA ha prakAzakasya paraM prakAzyagAmA nanna prakAzayataH svasmin prakAzye na prakAzakAntaraM mayaM svayameva prakArAnapinAyAH mamalAmA / tathA paricchedakasyatmanaH paraM paricchedyatAmApanna paricchindataH svasmin paricchece na paricchedyakAntaraM mRgya, svayameva paricchaMdana kriyAyAH samupalambhAn / nama kuna Atmano dravyajJAnarUpatvaM drakSyANAM ca AtmajJemarUpatvaM ca ? pariNAma saMvatvAt / yataH skhalu prAtmA dravyANi ca pariNAmaH 1 paMcAstikAya gAthA 53 kI TIma:- nizcaya se jIva parabhAvoM kA akartA hone se svabhAvoM ke kartA hote haiM aura unheM apane bhAvoM ko) karate hue kyA ve anAdi anana haiM ? kyA sAdi anata haiM ? kyA tadAkArarUpa pariNata haiM ? kyA tadAkAra rUpa aparigata haiM ? aisI aAzaMkA uThAtAra yaha bahA gayA hai- ki jIva yAstava meM sahaja catanya lakSaNa pAriNAmika bhAva se anAdi yAMta hai| ne hI audAyika, jhAyopa zamika aura yogazamika bhAvoM se sAdi sAMta haiM 1 ve hI kSAyikabhAva se sAdi anaMta haiN| "kSAyika bhAva sAdi hone meM sAMta hogA ?" aisI prAgaMbA karanA yogya nahIM hai| (kAraNa ki) baha vAstava meM upAdhi kI nivRtti hone para pravartatA huA siddhabhAva kI bhrAMti, jIva kA ladbhAva hI ve, aura sadbhAva se jIva anaMta hI svIkAra kiye jAte haiM / tathA anAdianaMta sahajacaMtanyalakSaNa eka bhAvavAle unheM sAdi sAna aura sAdi anaMta mAvAntara ghaTita nahIM hote, aisA kahnA yogya tahIM hai; (kyoMki) va vAstava meM anAdi karma se malina banate hue kIcar3a ro sahita (samparkayukta) jala kI bhAMti tadAkAra rUpa pAramata hone kAraNa pAMca pradhAnaguNoM se pradhAnatAvAle hI anubhava meM Ate haiM / / 53 / /

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva / [ 123 saha saMbadhyante, tata Atmano dravyAlambanajJAnena dravyANAM tU jJAnamAlamvya zaMyakAreNa paraNatirabAdhitA pratapati / / 36 / / ' isa prakAra uparyasta udAharaNoM se amRtacandra kA vAkara kA rUpa bhalI bhAMtipragaTa ho jAtA hai| 4. eka hI padya ke aneka artha - amRtacandra eka hI pada ke prakaraNabazAta aneka artha karake saMbaMdhita pada meM nihita abhiprAya ko bar3I kuzalatA ke sAtha pradarzita karata hai / pravacanasAra meM jJayatatva prajJApana meM ''aliMgagrahaNa' pada ke 20 artha kiye haiN| isI pada kA partha samayasAra ke jIva ajIva adhikAra meM 7 bheda tathA 42 prabhedoM dvArA kiyA hai / pracAstikAya ke mokSamArga-prayaMcavarNana prakaraNa meM aliMgagrahaNa kA artha 1. pravacanasAra-jJAnatattvaprajJApana - gAthA 36 kI tattvapradIpikA TInA 1-arthAta (apane meM kriyA ke hone kA virodha hai, isalie grAtmA ke svajJAyatratA kaise tti hotI hai ? (uttara) kaunasI kiyA hai aura kisa prakAra kA virodha hai ? jo yahAM (prazna ye) virodha kriyA nahIM gaI hai vaha yA to utpattirUpa hogI yA jJAptirUpa hogI / prathama, utpattirUpa kriyA "koI svayaM apane meM se utpanna nahIM ho sakatI" isa pAgama kathana se viruddha hI hai, parantu jJaptirUpa diyA meM virodha nahIM pAtA kyoMki vaha prakAzana kriyA kI bhAMti utpatti kriyA se viruddha pracAra nI hotI hai| jaise jo prakAzyabhUta para ko prakAzita karatA hai aise prakAzaka dIpaka ko svaprakAzya ko prakAzita karane ke saMbaMdha meM anya prakAzaka kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI, kyoMki usake svayatra prakAzana kiyA kI prApti hai, isI prakAra jo jJeyabhUna para ko jAnatA hai aise jJAyanjha yAtmA ko svajJa ya ke jAnane ke sambandha meM anya jJAyaka ko mAvazyakatA nahIM hotI, kyoMki svayameva triyA kI prApti hai| (prazna) AtmA ko nyoM kI jAgarUpattA aura dravyoM ko prAtmA ko jJa yarUpatA kisa prakAra ghaTita hai? uttara - ve pariNAma kAle hone se (ghaTita hai) / grAtmA aura dravya pariNAmayukta haiM, isalie prAtmA ke, dravya jisakA prAlaMbana hai aisa jJAnApa ma aura vyoM ke, jJAna kA pAlaMbana lekara jJa yAkAra rUpa se pariNata anAmita rUpa se upatI hai - pratApavanta darAMtI hai| 2. pravacanasAra nAthA 172 kI tatvadIpikA ttiikaa| 3, samayasAra gAthA 46 ko prAtmakhyAti TIkA /

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124 ] | AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva anya prakAra se kiyA hai|' anyatra "yuktAhAra" zabda ke pATha artha kiye haiN| samaya pada ke aneka arthoM kA ullekha rahale kiyA jA cukA hai| syAt pada vA prayoga as dhAtu ke vidhyarthaka anyapurupa eka vacana ke rUpa meM tathA anyatra use avyaya yA nipAta rUpa meM kiyA hai| sthAt 'pada sarvathAgane kA niSedhaka, anekAMta kA dyotaka, kathaMcit artha vAcaka avyaya zabda hai / irA prakAra kaI padoM zranetrA artha karake Ano mUkSma-artha avabodhaka dRSTi kA paricaya diyA hai| 5. paryAyavAcI zabdoM kA prayoga- eka hI zabda ke aneka paryAyavAcI zabdoM ke prayoga meM bhI ve sakSama rahe haiM / svarga ke lie kanaka, kArtasvara, suvarNa hema, kAMcana, jAMjanada, kalyANa Adi paryAyavAcI zabda pravacanasAra kI TIkA meM upalabdha haiN| samayasAra meM 'cAmIkara" zabda bhI svarNa hetu prayukta hai / agni ke lie jAtavedas, nAka, ghUmacana, anala, havyavAhA kukUla, aMgAra, saptAci Adi zabda prayukta haiM / vyaya padabAcI nimagna, nimajjati, uccheda, ucchanna, pralIna, saMhAra, avasAna, pradhvasta, bhaga, vilaya, prasabhUta zabda tathA utpAda padavAcI janmagna, unmaunati, saMbhUti, sargaH, prAdurbhAva, prabhava, saMbhava sadbhUta zabda prayukta haiN| 'kahA gayA hai" artha prakAzanArtha nAmnAtam, upanyastama, uktama, AkhyAtam, uditama, abhihitam, vivazyate ba abhidhIyate, padoM kA prayoga kiyA hai / isa taraha paryAyavAcI pada prayoga meM bhI amRtacandra kuzala haiN| isakAraNa se unakI vyAkhyA bhAvaspaSTIkaraNa meM bhI anUThI haiN| jahA~ aAvazyaka 1. gacastakAya gAthA 127 vI samayavyAkhyA ttiikaa| 2. rAmayanAra gAthA 226 kI ttiikaa| 6. vahI gAthA 23,24, 24 nathA 61 kI AtmakhyAti TIkA / 4. paMcAstiAya gAthA 14 kI TIkA / 5. pravacanasAra gAthA 61,96, 87, 111, 113, 18 tathA 77 pI TIkAeM / 6. samayasAra gAthA 36 pravacanasAra gAthA 35, 5, 41, 63, 114, 153, 26, 275 8. pravacanamAra mAthA 6,68,10,111,126,37 kI TIkA / 6. paMcAstikAya 4

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] samajhate haiM, jahAM ve saMbaMdhita prakaraNa ke vivecana ke bAda tAlArya prathaM dekara bhI viSaya spaSTIkaraNa karate haiM / ' 6. mArmika sambodhana - eka saphala sahRdaya vyAkhyAkAra ke rUpa meM AcArya pramutacandra apanI TIkAtroM meM pada pada atyaMta mArmika saMbodhana karate calate haiM, pAThakoM ko gambhIra, mahatvapUrNa preraNA bhI dete haiM, jisase unake vyAkhyAtA pada kI zobhA aura bhI bar3ha jAtI hai| ye haiM unake kucheka mArmika preraNA vAkya - prasanna ho jA, sAvadhAna ho jA, tatvakautuhalI bana, kolAhAla banda kara, 6 mAsa anubhava kA abhyAsakara, zazAMtarasa-jJAnasamudra meM magna ho jAvo, lAkha bAta kI bAta suno, eka bAra bhRtArtha ko grahaNakara, bhedajJAnakalA kA abhyAsa kara, pramAda kyoM karatA hai, kleza kyoM pAtA hai. rAgadveSa kA kSayakara, amRtarasa ko anta. kAla taka pio, adhika jalpa (vakavAsa thA vikalpa) mata kara, sAMkhyavat apane ko kAmata mAna, taba moha ko chor3o, yaha apada hai apada hai, yaha pada hai, "nazA meM kUra, nIMda se ro . haiM imAni / amRtacandra jahAM eka ora madhura, mArmika, mahatvapUrNa zabdoM se preraNA karate haiM vahAM dUsarI ora kahIM kahIM kaThora zabdoM kA bhI prayoga karate haiM yathA - re durAtmana, AtmapaMsan (prAtmaghAtI), navibhAgAnabhijJosi, dumadhasaH te adyApi pApAH, te mithyAdRzo - Atmano bhavanti, ajJaninaH evaM vyavakAra vimUDhAH, bata te barAkaH, jJAnaM pazo, sIdati, pazu pazuriva svacchaMdamAceSTate, pazunazyati, jJAna pazurnecchati, pazuH kila paradravyeSa vizramya ti, tucchIbhUya pazu praNasyati, atyaMtatucchaH pazuH sIdati, svara pazuH krIDati, iti - ajJAna vimUr3hAnAM..4, ityAdi / ukta kaThora saMbodhanoM meM bhI jagajjanoM ko jAgRta karane kI hitakArI bhAvanA nihita hai| 7. dRSTAMta bahulatA - unakI TIkAoM meM dRSTAMtoM, kA bAhulya hai, jisake kAraNa gUr3hatama, dArzanikaH saiddhAMtika asthiyoM ko sulajhAne meM unheM 1. pravacanasAra gAthA 151 TIkA "idamatra tAtparya prAtmano'tyaM5 vibhakta siddhaye vyavahAra jIvatva hetavaH pudgalaprANA evamucchetatryAH / " 2. samayasAra 25, 38, 44, 86, 202,344,355, 371, 414 gAthAoM kI TIkA tathA unameM Agata kalaza / 3. samayasAra 25, 26, 43, 200, 256, 327 gAthAnoM kI TIkA / 4. samayasAra kalaza- kramAMka 240 se 262 tk|

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126 ] [ AcArya amanacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva apUrva saphalatA milI hai| unhoMne prAtmarUpAti TokA meM 100 se adhika sundara evaM manohAri dRSTAMtoM kA prayoga kiyA hai / isa taraha pravacanasAra kI tattvapradIpikA TIkA meM 125 ke lagabhaga aura paMcAstikAya meM 35 ke lagabhaga dRSTAMtoM kA prayoga kara apane bhASyoM ko sugama evaM sarala banAyA hai| yahAM kucha dRSTAMtoM ko sundaratA pradarzita kI jAtI hai| eka sthala para prAtmA ko pudgala karma kA akartA siddha karane hetu ve miTTI ke ghar3e kA spaSTa dRSTAMta prastuta karate hue likhate hai - "yathA khalu mRNmaye kalaza karmaNi mRdravya mRdguNayoH svarasata eva vartamAne dravyaguNatira saMkramasya vastusthityaiva niSitvAdAtmAnamAtmaguNaM vA nAdhate sa kalazakAraH, dravyAMtara saMkRmayaMnaregAnyasya vastunaH pariNama yitumazakyatvAt tadubhayaM tu tasminnanAdadhAno na tattvatastasya kartA pratibhAti / tathA pudgalamaya jJAnAvaraNAdo karmaNi gudgaladravyapudgalaguNayoH svarasata eva vartamAne dravyaguNAtarasaMkramasya vidhAtumazatrayatvAdAtmadravyamAtmaguNaM vAtmA na khalvAdhatta, dravyAMtarasaMkramarmatareNAnyasya bastunaH pariNayitunazakyatvAttadubhaya tu tasminnanAdadhAnaH kathaM nu tatvatastasya kartA pratibhAyAt tataH sthitaH khalvAtmA pudglkrmnnaamkrtaa|"" isI prakAra zubha azubha donoM karmoM kA niSedha karane hetu ve sundara dRSTAMta prastuta karate haiN| ve likhate haiM - "yathA khalu kuzalaH kazcid 1. samavanAra gAthA 104 kI TIkA - nartha jaise miTTImaya kalazArUpa kArya miTTI dravya aura miTTIguNa meM nijarasa se hI vartatA hai, usanaM kumhAra apane ko (yA apane guNa ko) milAtA nahIM hai kyoMki (kisI vastu kA) dravyAMtara yA guNAMtara rUpa meM saMkramaNa hone kA vastusthiti se hI niSeSa hai, dravyAMtara rUpa meM saMkramaraga prApta kiye binA anya vastu ko pariNa mita karanA azakya hone se, agane dravya aura guNa donoM ko usa ghaTarUpI kArya meM na DAlatA huA vaha kumhAra paramArtha meM usakA kartA pratibhAsita nahIM hotaa| isI prakAra pudagalamaya jJAnAvaragAdi karma pudgaladravya tathA pudgalaguNoM meM niz2arasa hI vartatA huA usameM AtmA apane dravya yA apane guNa ko vAstava meM milAtA nahIM hai kyoMki dravyAMtara aura guNAMtara meM saMkramaNa honA azakya hai, dravyAMtara rUpa meM saMkramaNa prApta kiye vinA anya vastu ko pariNamita karanA azakya hone se apane datrya aura guraNa donoM ko jJAnAvaraNAdi karmoM meM na milAtA hunA, vaha prAtmA paramArtha se usakA kartA kase ho sakatA he ? (ayAt kabhI nahIM ho sakatA) isalie vAstava meM prAtmA pudgalakarmoM kA akartA siddha huaa|

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva / [ 127 vanahastIsvasva bandhAya upasarpantI caDhulamukhIM manoramAmamanoramAM yA kareNu kuTTanI tattvata; kutsitazIlA vijJAyatayA saha rAgasaM sagI pratiSedhayati, tathA kilAtmA rAgo jJAnI svasya bandhAya upasarpantI manoramAmamanoramA vA sarvamapi karmaprakRti tattvata: kRtsitazIlAM vizAya tayA saha rAgasaMsargo pratiSedhati / ' eka sthala para jJAna kI sAmarthya ke kAraNa jJAnI karma bandha ko prapta nahIM hotA - isakA spaSTokaraNa ve eka atyaMta AkarSaka dRSTAMta dekara kante haiM - yathA kazcidviSavaidyaH pareSAM maraNakAraNa viSamupamujAno'pi amodhavidyAsAmarthena niruddhatacchatti tvAnna mriyate, tathA ajJAninAM rAgadibhAvasabhAvena bandhakA raNaM pudgalakodayamupabhujAno'pi amoghajJAnasAmAt, rAgAdibhAvAnAmabhAve sati niruddhatacchaktitvAnna badhyate jJAnI / "2 Age vairAgya zakti ko dikhAte hue likhA hai - "yathAkazcitpuruSo mareyaM prati pravRttatInAratibhAvaH san maireyaM pibapi tIvrAratibhAvasAmagni mAdyati, tathA rAgAdibhAvAnAmabhAvena sarvadravyopabhogaM prati pravRttatIvirAgabhAvaH san viSayAnupabhujAno'pi tIvavirAgabhAvasAmarthyAnna badhyate jJAnI / isa prakAra yadyapi uparokta duSTAMta 1. samayasAra gAthA 146 kI TIkA (artha-jase koI jaMgala kA kuzala hAthI apane bandhana ke lie nikaTa pAtI hue sundara mukhavAlI manorama yA amanorama hathinIrUpa kuTinI ko paramArthataH bUrI jAnakara usake sAtha rAga mA saMsarga nahIM karatA, isI prakAra yAtmA arAgIjJAnI hotA hayA apane bAdha ke lie samIpa Ane vAlI manorama yA amanorama (zubha yA azubha) sabhI karmaprakRtiyoM ko paramArthataH burI jAnakara unake sAtha rAga tathA saMsarga nahIM karatA / ) 2. jisa prakAra koI viSavaidya, dusaroM ke mAraNa ke kAraNabhUta viSa ko bhogatA hudhA bhI, amogha (rAmavANa) vidyA kI sAmarthya se viSAka ke niruddha hone se, nahIM maratA, isI prakAra prazAniyoM ko, rAgAdibhAvoM kA sadbhAva hone se banane ke kAraNa pudgalakarma ke udaya kI bhogatA humA bhI, zAniamogha jJAna ko sAmarthya dvArA rAgAdibhAboM kA prabhAva hone se karmodaya kI mAki ruka jAne se; bandha ko prApta nahIM hotA / (samavasAra gAthA 165 kI TIkA) 3. jaise koI puruSa, madirA ke prati tIna pratibhAva se pravartatA huA, madirA ko pIne para bhI. tIna bharatibhAva kI sAmarthya ke kAraNa matavAlA nahIM hotA, usI prakAra jJAnI bhI, rAgAdibhAvoM ke prabhAva se sarva drazyoM ke upayoga ke prati tIva vairAgya bhAva se pravartatA huaA, viSayoM ko mogatA humA bhI tIna bairAgya bhAva kI mAmadhyaM ke kAraNa karmavadha ko prApta nahIM honA / (samayasAra gAthA 166 TIkA)

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128 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva amRtacandra ke vyAkhyAkauzala ko pramANita karane hetu paryApna hai tathApi yahAM eka aura sarvottama madyAMza uddharaNa svarUpa prastuta hai| isameM dRSTAMta kA samucita prayoga, sAlaMkRta gadya saundarya, rUpaka evaM anaprAsa alaMkAroM kI chaTA, tarka kI vilakSaNatA, sAmAsika prayoga cAturI, praulatama bhASA tathA anupama va vilakSaNa gadya kA namUnA dekhate hI banatA hai| isameM AtmA ke sukhasvabhAva kI siddhi dRSTAMtoM dvArA kI gaI haiM - yathA - "yathA khalu nabhasi kAraNAntaramanapekSyeva svayameva prabhAkaraH prabhUtaprabhAbhArabhAsvarasvarUpa vikasvaraprakAzazAlitayA teja; yathA ca kAdAcitkohaNyapariNatAyaHviNivannityamevoDaNyapariNAmApanatvASNaH yathA ca devagati nAmakarmodayAnavRttivazavalimvabhAvatayA devaH / tadeva loko kAraNAnAramanapekSyeva svayameva bhagavAnAtmApi svaparaprakAzanasamarthanivinathAnantazaktisahajasaMvedanatAdAtmyAt jJAnaM. tathaiva cAtmatuptisamupajAtaparinivRttipratitAnAkularavasthitatvAta saukhya, tathaiva vAsanAtmatattvopalambhalabdhavarNajanamAnasa zilAstambhotkIrNa samudIrNadyutistutiyogidivyAtmasvarUpasvAdevaH / ato'syAtmanaH sukhasAdhanAbhAsaviSayaH paryAptam / iti aanndprpnycH|" unarokta gadyAMza kI aMtima paMkti meM bIsa padoM kA 1. pravacanagA ra gAthA 68 kI TIkA :- artha - jaise prAkAza meM anya kAraNa kI apekSA rakhe binA hI sUrya svayameva atyadhika prabhA samuha se camakate hue svarUpa ke dvArA vikasita, prakAzayukta hone se teja hai, kamI uSNatArUpa parimita lohe se teja hai, kabhI uraNatArUpa pariNamita lohe ke gole kI bhAMti sadA uSNatA pariNAma ko prApta hone se uSNa hai aura devagati nAmakarma ke dhArAvAhika udaya meM vazavartI svabhAva se deva hai, isI prakAra loka meM anyakAraNa kI apekSA rakhe binA hI bhagavAna prAtmA svayameva svapara ko prakAzita karane samartha saccI anantazaktiyukta sahaja saMvedana ke sAtha tAdAtmma hone se jJAna hai, mAtmatRrita se utpanna hone vAlI pariniyati (paripUrNatA-mokSa) se pravartamAna anAkulatA meM musthitapane ke kAraNa saukhya haiM aura jinheM prAramatattva kI upalabdhi nikaTa hai aise budhajanoM manarUpI zilAstambha meM jisakI atizaya yati-stuti utkIrNa hai, aisA dinyAtmasvarUpavAna hone se deva hai| isalie isa prAtmA ko sukhasAdhanAbhAsa ke viSayoM se basa ho / bIsa padoM vAlA eka bRhadpada' isa prakAra hai:- "ca+Asanna prAtma-- tattva + upalambha+labdha+varNa+jana+mAnasa+zilA+stambha+utkIrNa+ samudIrNa+zu ti+stutiyogi+ diyanayAtma+svarUpatvAt+ devaH / (pravacanasAra gAthA 68 kI TIkA)

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva / [ 126 eka bRhad sAmAsika pada hai jo aneka gadyavaiziSTyoM se paripUrNa amRtacandra ko asAdhAraNa pratibhA kA dyotaka hai| 5. aneka praznoM ke uttara mita karane kI mamatA-vyAkhyAkAra ke rUpa meM eka hI gAthA kI TIkA meM aneka praznoM ke uttara gabhinakara abhivyakta karane kI unameM prapUrva-asAdhAraNa kSamatA hai / udAharaNArtha - samayasAra meM eka gAthA kI TIkA meM 11 praznoM ke uttara gabhita kiye gaye haiM / ' anyatra 7 praznoM ke uttara eka gAthA ke bhASya meM vyakta kiye haiN.| ve 11 prazna kramazaH isa prakAra haiM - graha yA bhUta kauna hai ? roga kyA hai ?, roga kA phala kyA hai ?, saMsArI kaise haiM ?, saMsAra meM kaise AcArya sulabha haiM ?, AtmA spaSTa bhinna kaba dikhatA hai ?, AtmA kA zuddhasvarUpa anubhava meM na Ane ke kAraNa kyA haiM ?, anantakAla se sulabha kyA rahA hai ?, durlabha kyA rahA hai ?, kAmabhogabandhana kI kathA kasI hai ?, anabhava kA kAraNa kyA hai ? inake uttara kramaza: isa prakAra haimahAnamoha bhUta hai, tRSNA roga hai, dAharUpa antara pIr3A roga kA phala hai, baila kI taraha bhAra Dhone vAle saMsArI haiM, viSaya samUha meM phaMsAne kA mArga batAne vAle prAcArya sulabha haiM, jaba bhedajJAnajyoti kA prakAza hotA hai, tona kAraNa haiM - kaSAyacakra, anAtmajJatA tathA prAtmajJajanoM kI saMgati va sevA na karanA, kAma-bhoga-bandhana kI kathA unakI ruci tathA anubhUti sulabha rahI hai, prAtmA kA ekatva svarUpAnubhava durlabha rahA hai, ekatva vibhakta prAtmA kI virodhI tathA atyaMta visaMvAda karAne vAlI hai, anabhava kA kAraNa paricaya hai - paricaya kA kAraNa zravaNa hai| isI taraha ve eka hI tarka dvArA aneka bhramoM kA nivAraNa bhI karane meM samartha haiN| gAthAnoM kI spaSTatA ke lie ve sUtratAtparya tathA siddhAMta tAtparya aise do prakAra se abhiprAya ko spaSTa sUcita karate haiM jo eka saphalatama vyAkhyAtA kI vizeSatA hai - yathA "alaM vistareNa / svasti sAkSAnmokSamArgasAratvena zAstratAtparyabhUtAya bItarAmatvAyeti / dvividhaM kila tAtparyam - sUtratAtparya zAstratAtparyaJceti / tatrasUtratAtparya pratisUtrameva 1. samayasAra gAthA 4 kI TIkA / 2. vahIM, gAthA 5 kI TIkA / / 3. samayasAra gAthA 55 kI TIkA /

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130 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra vyaktitva evaM kartRtva pratipAditam | zAstratAtpayaM tvidaM pratipAdyate / pratyeka gAthA kI TIkA zrAraMbha karate huye "a" pada prayoga dvArA sUtrAlaya kI sUcanA ( utthA nikA meM yA prAraMbhika paMkti meM hI ) karate haiM yathA--" atra paMcAstikAyAnAM kAlasya ca dravyatvamuktam / "* 6. prathama padoM Adi kA prayoga -- unakI TIkAoM meM prAyaH sabhI prakAra ke anya padoM kA vibhinna upasargoM kA adhikAMza pratyayoM, dhAturUpoM tathA aprayukta kliSTa zabdoM, vibhinna alaMkAroM, rasoM, guNoM aura chaMdoM kA prayoga huA hai / 10. bANabhaTTa ko gadya zailiyoM kA prayoga - apane pUrvavartI suprasiddha pror3hatama gadyalekhaka bANabhaTTa ke graMthoM meM prayukta gadyazailiyoM ko prAcArya amRtacadra ne apane asAdhAraNa vyaktitva dvArA dArzanika saiddhAMtika gutthiyAM ko sulajhAte huye bar3I kuzalatA ke sAtha prastuta kiyA hai| yahAM tulanAtmaka dRSTi se kucha gadyazailiyoM ke udAharaNa diye jAte haiM jinase amRtacaMdra kI praur3hatA, kSamatA tathA vyAkhyAna kalA kA bhalIbhAMti paricaya hotA hai aura ve bANabhaTTa kI bhAMti praur3hatama vyAkhyAtA pramANita hote haiM / kavAcita pada kA bahuzaH prayoga - " sa kadAcidanavarata dolAyamAna ratnabalayo gharikAskAlana prakampajhaNajhaNAyamAna maNikarNapUraH svayaMmAravyadaMgavAdyaH saMgotaka prasaMgana, kadAcidavirala vimuktazarAsara zunyIkRta janano mRgayAvyApareNa kadAcidAbaddha vidagdha maNDalaH kAvyaprabaMdharacanena, kadAcicchAstrAlIpena, kadAcidAkhyAnakAkhyAyiketihAsapurANAkarNanena kadAcidAlekhya vinodana, kadAcidvINayA kadAciddarzanAgata munijanacaraNazuzrUSayA, kadAcidakSa racyutakamAtrAcyuta ka bindumatIgar3hacaturthapAdaprahelikA pradAnAdibhirthanitAsaMbhoga sukha parAGamukha divasamaneSIt / "3 " suhRtparivRto , darzanAcaraNAya kadAcit prazAmyataH kadAcit saMvijamAnaH, kadAcidanukampamAnAH kadAcidAstikya mudvahantaH ** 7 "iva" pada prayoga dvArA utprekSA alaMkAra "upazAMtavacasi zukanAse candrApIDaH tAbhiramalAbhiH upadezavAgbhiH prakSAlita iva, unmIlita 1. paMcAstikAya gaath| 172 kI TIkA 2. paMcAstikAya gAthA 6 kI TIkA 3. kAdambarI, pUrvabhAga, pRSTha 13 4. paMcAstikAya gAthA 172 kI TIkA 1

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] iva, svacchIkRta iva, nibhRta iva, abhiSikta iva, abhilipta iva, alaMkRta idha, pabitrIkRta iva, udbhAsita iva, prItahRdayomuhUrta sthitvA svabhavanamAjagAma " ye'trakevalanizcayAbalambinaH savAla kriyAkarmakANDADambaraviraktabuddhayo'molita vilocanapuTAH kimapi svabadaghyAvalokya yathAsukhamAsate te khalvavadhIrita bhinnasAcyasAdhanabhAvA abhinnasAdhyasAdhanabhAvamalabhamAnA aMtarAla eva pramAdakAdambarImadabharAla sacetaso mattA ivaM, mUcchitA iva, suSuptA iva, prabhUta ghRtasitopala pAyasAsAdita sauhityA iva, samulvaNabala sajanitajADyA iva, dAruNamanona vihitamohA iba, mudrita viziSTa caitanyA vanaspatIyaH iva....... kovalaM pApametra bahananti / / 2 / vibhinna kriyApadoM kA laghuvAkyoM ke sAtha prayoga-'mUDho hi madanenAyAsyate / yA bA sukhAzAmA ghujananinditeSvevaM vidheSu prAkRtajana bahumateSu viSayeSu bhavataH / sa khalu dharmabuddhyA viSalatAM siJcati, kuvalayamAletinistrizalatAmAliMgati, kRSNAgurudhUmalekhati, kRSNasarpamavagRhati, ralamiti jvalanamaMgArama bhispRzati, mRNAla miti duSTavAraNadantamusalamunmUlayati, bhUr3o viSayopabhogepatra niSTAnabandhiSu yaH sukhabuddhimAropayati / / "etasya zAstrasyArthabhUtaM zuddhacaMtanyasvabhAvAtmAnaM kazcijjIvatAvajAnIte, tatastamevAnagantumudyamate, tato'sya kSIyate dRSTimohaH, tata: svarUparicayAdunmajjati jJAnajyotiH, tato rAgadvaSo prazAsyataH, tata: uttara pUrvazca bandho vinazyati, tata: pUrvabandha hetulvAbhAvAt svarUpastho nityaM pratapatIti / " jijJAsA vyakta karane hetu praznoM kI jhar3I.-"kasmindeze bhavAnkathaM jAtaH, kena vA nAma kRtam, kA te mAtA, kaste pitA, kathaM vedAnAmAgamaH, kathaM zAstrANAM paricayaH, kuta: kalA AsAditAH, kihetukaM janmAntarAnasmaraNam, uta bara pradAnam athavA vihaGgaveSadhArI kazcicchanna nivasa si, kva vA pUrvamuSitam, jhiyadvAvayaH, kathaM paJjarabandhanam, kathaM cANDAlahastagamanam, iha vA kathamAgamanam / " 1. kAdambarI, pRSTha 231 2. paMcAstikAya gAthA 172 kI TIkA 3. kAdambarI, pRSTha 321 4. paMbAstikAya gAthA 104 kI dIvA 5. kAdambarI, pRSTha 37

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132 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva "tAMzca kurvANAH kimanAdinidhanAH, ki sAdisanighanAH kiM sAdyanidhanAH, ki tadAkAreNa pariNatAH, kima pariNatAH bhvissytiityaashkyedmuktm|" ___ "iba" pada prayAga dvArA upamAlaGkAramaya varNana-"zaradamiva vikasitapuNDarIkAlocanAm prAvRSamitra dhanozajAlAm, malayamekhalAmiva candanapallabAvataMsAma, nakSatramAlAmiva vizravaNAbharaNabhUSitAm , zriyamiva hastasthitakamalazobhAm , mUrchAmiva manohAriNIm, araNyabhUmi miva rUpasaMpannAm, divyoSitamivAkulInAm, nidrAmiva socanagrAhiNIm, araNyakamalinImiva mAtaGgakuladUSitAm, amurtAmiva sparzavajitAm, AlekhyagatAmiva darzanamAtraphalAm, madhumAsakusuma samRddhimivAjAtim, anaGgakumumacApalekhAmitra' muSTigrAhyamadhyAm yakSAdhipalakSmImivAlakodbhAsinIm"..."dadaza / " "avalokyate hi teSAM stamberamasya kareNu kuTTanIgAvasparza iva, sapharasya bADizAbhiSasvAda iva, indirasya saMkocasaMmukhAravindAmoda iva, pataGgasya pradIpArIrUpa iva, kuraGgasya mugayugeyasvara iva, dunivArendriyavedanAvazI kRtAnAmAsanna nipAteSvani viSayeSvabhipAtaH / yadi punarna teSAM duHkhaM svAbhAvikamabhyupagamayeta tadopazAMtazItajvarasya saMsvedanamiva, prahINadAhajvarasyAranAlapariSeka iva, nivRttanetrasaMrabhasya ca baTAcUrNAvacUrNanamiva, vinaSTakarNazUlasya bastamutrapUraNamiva, rUDhaprayasthAlepanadAnamiva, viSayavyApAro na dRzyeta / dRzyate caasau| tataH svabhAvabhUtaduHkhayogina eva jIvadindriyAH parokSajJAninaH / "3 dIrghasamAsa padAvali--"kAvyanATakAkhyAnakAkhyAyikAlekhyavyAkhyAnAdi kriyA nipuNe rati kaThinapIvaraskandhorUbAhUbhirasakRdavadalitasamadaripugajaghaTApIThabandhaH kezarikizorakariva vikramakarasairapi binayavyavahAribhirAtmanaH pratibimbairiya rAjaputra saha ramamANaH prathame vayasi sukhamaticiramuvAsa / " "IryAsamitipariNatayatIndravyApAdyamAnavegApatkAlacoditakuliGgavabAhyavastuno baMghahetuhetorabandhahetutvena baMdhahetusvasyAnaikAMtikatvAt / ato na bAhya vastu jIvasyAtadbhAvo bandhahetu: adhyavasAnameva tasya tadbhAvo bandhahetuH / 5 1. paMcAritakrAya gAyA 53 TIkA 3. pravacanasAra, gAthA 64 TIkA 5. samayasAra, gAthA 265 kI TIkA 2. kAdambarI, pRSTha 22-23 4. kAdambarI, pRSTha 12

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] | 133 sAlaGkAra kliSTa padayojanA- "zukakuladalita DimIphalavAdrIkRta tara ticapalaka pikampitakaMkola cyutavallava phalazabalaM ranavarata nipacita kusumareNu pAMsuH pathikajana ra citalaba gapalla va saMstaraM ratikaThora nAlike raketakarIrakula parigata prAntastAmbUlI latAbanagakhaNDamaNDitairvanalakSmIvAmabhuvanairiva virAjitA latAmaNDapaiH / 1 1. " rajaka zilAtalasphAlyamAna vimalasalilA pluta vihitoSapariSvanDa gamalinavAsasa iva manAGa manAvizuddhimadhigamya nizcayanayasya bhinnasAdhyasAdhanabhAvAbhAvAdarzanajJAnacAritra samAhitatvarUpe vizrAMtasakala kriyAkANDa Dambara nistaraMga parama caitanyazAlinI nirbharAnandamAlinI bhagavatyAtmani vizrAntimAzrayannaH krameNa samupajAtasamarasIbhAvAH paramavItarAgabhAvamadhigamya, sAkSAnmokSamanubhavantIti / * isa prakAra upayukta udAharaNoM se AcArya amRtacandra kA advitIya vyAkhyAkAra kA rUpa praspaSTa ho jAtA hai jo unake asAdhAraNa vyaktitva kA eka aura abhinna aMga hai / - I zrAcArya zramUlacandra tArkika tathA naiyAyika ke rUpa meM- prAcArya amRtacandra ke bahumukhI vyaktitva kA eka rUpa tArkika tathA naiyAyika bhI hai / ve uccakoTi ke dArzanika vidvAn tathA saphalatama vyAkhyAtA hone ke sAtha hI asAdhAraNa tarkazakti sampanna the| unake tarka anUThe the tathA nyAya akhaNDita thaa| unakI samasta kRtiyoM meM unakI vilakSaNa tarkazakti prasphuTita huI hai / samayasAra kI AtmakhyAti TIkA meM unhoMne svayaM TIkA ke Arambha meM isa bAta kI ghoSaNA kI hai ki ve apane samasta vaibhava ke sAtha ekatvavibhakta bhAtmA kA digdarzana karAte haiN| unake vaibhava ke janma kA eka AdhAra unakI nirvAdha yuktiyAM bhI haiN| unakI yuktiyAM samasta ekAMta pakSoM ko nirAkRta karane meM samartha haiN| unake tarka nirdoSa tathA sabala haiN| tarkoM ke dvArA ve vikhaSTa, durgama tathA durbodha dArzanika siddhAMtoM kI siddhi karane meM siddhahasta haiN| unakI tarkazakti tathA nyAyapratibhA - 1. kAdambarI, pRSTha 38 2. paMcAstikAya gAthA 172 TIkA, pRSTha 260-261 3. "samasta vipakSazodakSamA ti nistuSayuktyavalambanajanmA...........yaH kazcanApi mamAtmanaH svavibhavastena samastenApyayamekatva vibhaktamAtmAnaM baddha vyavasAyo'smi / " ( samayasAra gAthA 5 kI TIkA) darNayehamiti

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134 ] [ Arya 31 . tilA evaM kartR stra paMcAstikAya graMtha kI TIkA meM vizeSarUpa meM vikasita aura abhivyakta huI hai| pravacanasAra kI tattvapradIpikA TokA meM amRtacandra kI tAkika aura naiyAyika zakti kA paripAka haA hai| sampUrNa TIkAkRti hetuparaka, tarkasApekSa zailI se susajjita hai| udAharaNa ke lie AkAza dravapa ke pradeza kI siddhi hetu ve bar3e hI anokhe va advitIya tarka prastuta karate hue likhate haiM ki AkAza kA eka paramANu se vyApya kSetra prAkAzapradeza hai jo zeSa pAMcoM dravyoM ke pradezoM tathA sUkSamatA rUpa meM pariNata skaMdhoM ko avakAza dene meM samartha hai / AkAza kA aMza na mAnane vAle ke samakSa ve sundara tarka prastuta kara kahate haiM ki AkAza meM do aMgaliyAM phaijAkara batAiye ki una aMguliyoM kA kSetra eka hai yA bhinna haiM ? yadi eka kSetra mAnA jAve to do meM se eka aMza kA abhAva ho jAyegA, tathA do se adhika aMzoM kA bhI prabhAva sambhava ho jAne se prAkAza paramANa kI taraha pradezamAtra siddha hogA, jo sambhava nahIM hai| aura yadi AkAza ko bhinna aMzoM vAlA avibhAgI eka drakSya mAnA jAve to avibhAgI eka dravya meM aMzakalAnA phalita hotI hai| yadi do aMgaliyoM ke bhinna (aneka) kSetra mAne jAveM to prazna hogA ki AkAza ke khaNDakhaNDa rUpa meM aneka dRvya haiM isalie do aMguliyoM ke aneka kSetra haiM ? parantu inameM prathama taka siddha nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki aisA hone se AkAza meM anaMtadravyapane kA prasaMga prA 1. pravacanasAra gAthA 145 kI TIkA - pAkAzasyakAvyApyoMzaH kilAkAza pradezaH, sa khalveko'pi zeSapaMcadravyapradezAnAM paramasokSamyapariNatAnantaparamANaskaMdhAnAM cAvakAzadAnasagargaH / asti nAvibhAgakadravyatneza kalpanamAkAzasya, mapAmaNunAmavakAzadAnasyAnyathAnupapatta': / yadi punarAkA zasyAMzA na syuriti matistadAGa gulIyugale nabhasi prasArya nirUpyatA kimeka kSetraM kimAne kA ? eka ceta kimabhinnAMzAvibhAgaka pradhyatvena ki vA bhinAzAvibhAgaka dRzyasvena / abhinnAMzAvibhAgakadravyatvena cena yenAMzena kasyA bhaGga gule kSetra tenAMzeneta rasyA ityantarAMzAbhAvaH / evaMda vAdyazAnAmabhAvAdAvAzasya paramANoriva pradezamAtrasvam / bhinnAMzAtribhAgeru dravyatvena cet avibhAgakadravyasyAMzakalpanamAyAtam / aneka ceta ki vibhAgAnekadravyatvena kiMvA vibhAgakadravya tvena / savibhAgAnekadravyatvena cet ekadravyasyAkAzasyAnantadravyatvaM, avibhAga kadravyatvena cet avibhAgakadrabhyasyAMzakalpanamAyAtam /

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] [ 135 jAyegA aura yadi AkAza ke avibhAgo hone para bhI do aMguliyoM ke aneka kSetra haiM to eka avibhAgo dravya meM aMza halpanA karanA ucita hai| isI prakAra eka sthala para jAnamAra se hI " nirodha hotA hai isa tathya kI siddhi hetu ve bar3e hI vilakSaNa toM kA sahArA lete haiN| ve likhate haiM:-- "iha kilasvabhAbamAtra vastu, svasya bhavanaM tu svabhAvaH / tena jJAnasya bhavanaM khalvAtmA, krodhAdebhaMbanaM krodhAdiH / atha jJAnasya yadbhavanaM tanna krodhAderapi bhavanaM, yato yathA jJAnabhavane jJAnaM bhavadvibhAvyate na tathA krodhAdira pi, yatta kodhAderbhavanaM tanna sAnasyApi bhavanaM, yato yayA krodhAdibhavane krodhAdayo bhavanto vibhAvyate na tathA jJAnasyApi / ityAtmana: krodhAdInAM ca na khalvekavastutvam / ityevamAtmAtmAsatrayovizeSadarzanena yadA bhedaM jAnAti tadAsyAnAdirapyajJAnajA kartRkarmapravRttinivarta te. tannivRttAbajJAnanimittaM pudgaladravyakarmabandhogi nivartate / napA sati jJAnamAtrAdeva bandhanirodhaH siddhyet / '' ve eka sthala para prakRti (pudgala dravya) tathA puruSa (prAramadravya) ko apariNAmI mAnane vAle sAMkhyamatAnuyAyI ziSya ko samajhAte hue pudgala dravya kA pariNAma svabhAvatva aneka vilakSaNa tarko dvArA siddha karate haiM, jisase unakI tArika pratibhA kA paricaya prApta hotA hai| ve likhate haiM --- "atha pudgaladravyaspa pariNAmasvabhAvatvaM sAdhayati sAMkhyamatAnuyAyI ziSyaM prati - yadi pudgala dravyaM jove svayama maddhaM satkarmabhAvena svayameva na pariNameta tadA tadapariNAmyeva syAt tathA sati saMsArAbhAvaH / atha jIva: pudgaladravyaM karmabhAvena pariNamayati tato na saMsArAbhAvaH iti tarka: 1 kiM svayamapariNamamAnaM pariNamAnanaM vA jIvaH pudgaladravyaM karmabhAvena pariNAmayet ? na tAvattatsvayamapariNamamAna pareNa pariNamayitu pAryaMta, na hi svato'satI zaktiH kartu manyena pAyaMte / svayaM pariNamamAnaM tu na paraM pariNamayitAramapekSeta, na hi vastuzaktayaH prmpeksste| tataH pudgaladravyaM pariNAma svabhAvaM svymevaastu| tathA sati kalazapariNatA mRtikA 1. samayasAra gAthA 71 kI TIkA /

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136 ] [ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva svayaM kalaza iva jar3a svabhAvajJAnAbaraNAdikarmapariNataM tadeva svayaM jAnAvaraNAdikarma syAt / iti siddhaM pudgaladravyasya pariNAmasvabhAvatvam / " uparokta gadyAMza ko ati saMkSepa meM tarka tathA nyAyayukta zailI meM padya racanA dvArA bhI vyakta karate hue ve likhate haiM (upajAti chada) sthitetyavighnA khalu pugalasya svabhAvamUsA pariNAma zaktiH / tasyAM sthitAyAM sa karoti bhAvaM yamAtmanastasya sa eva kartA // 64 // isa taraha AcArya amRtacandra jahA~ eka ora apanI akATya , akhaNDita yuktiyoM (to) ko prastuta kara vastusvarUpa kI siddhi karate hue apanI tArkika zakti kA jvalata udAharaNa prakaTa karate haiM, vahIM para dUsarI ora yAyazailI meM gambhIra dArzanika gutthiyoM ko bar3I kuzalatA ke sAtha sulajhAte hue apane uccakoTi ke naiyAyikapane ko bhI pramANita 1. samayasAra gAthA 116 me 120 taka kI prAtmakhyAti TIkA kA artha - yadi gudagaladravya jIva meM svayaM na baMdhakara karmabhAva se svavameva na pariNAmalA ho, to vaha aparigAmI hI siddha hogA / aura aisA hone se, saMsAra kA abhAva hogaa| adi yahA~ yaha tarka upasthita kiyA jAye ki "jIva gudgaladravya ko karmabhAva se parigAmAtA hai isalie saMmAra kA prabhAva na hogaa|" to usakA nirAkaraNa do to dvArA karate haiM ki kyA jIya svayaM na parigA mate hue pudgalaSTravya ko amebhAvarUpa pariNamAtA hai yA svayaM pariNamate hue pudgaladravya ko pariNamAtA hai ? prathama tA svayaM na parigamale hue { pudgala dravya) ko dUsaroM ke dvArA nahIM panigamAyA jA sakatA, kyoMki jo zakti vastu meM) svataH na ho use anya koI nahIM kara mAvAlA / (ataH prathagapakSa asatya hai) dUsare svayaM pariNAmate hue anya ko anya parigamAne vAle kI apekSA nahIM hotI, kyoMki vastu kI zaktiyA~ para kI apekSA nahIM rakhatI (ataH dUsarA pakSa bhI asatya hai)| ataH (siddha hai ki) pugaladravya parigAmanasvabhAva vAlA ravayaM hI hai| aisA hone se, jase ghaTarUpapariyamita miTTI ho svayaM ghaTa hai usI prakAra jaisvabhAva vAle jJAnAvaragaNAdika rUpa pariNAmita pudgaladravya hI svayaM jhAnAvaraNAdi kama hai| isa prakAra pudgala brana kA pariNAma svabhAvasva siddha huzrA / / 2. upajAti chanda kA artha - "isa prakAra pudgaladravya kI svabhAvabhUta pariNamana zakti nivighna siddha huI aura usake siddha hone para, pudgaladravya apane jisa bhAva ko karatA hai usakA vaha pudgala dravya hI kartA hai|

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} vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] [ 137 karate haiM / nyAyazailI meM nirUpaNa tathA vastusiddhi karate samaya ve anya mAnyatAoM kA nirAkaraNa Agama, yukti tathA svAnubhava pramANa ke bala para karate haiM / vahA~ unakA utkRSTa naiyAyika kA rUpa prasphuTita ho jAtA hai / udAharaNa svarUpa eka sthala para AtmA ke asalI svarUpa ko na jAnane vAlo kI vividha prakAra kI asatya kalpanAoM aura mAnyatAoM kA sacoTa, satarka evaM svAnubhavapramANa yukta zabdoM meM khaNDana karate haiM ki "isa jagata meM AtmA kA asAdhAraNa lakSaNa na jAnane ke kAraNa napuMsa katA se atyanta vimUDha hote hue, tAtvika zrAtmA ko na jAnane vAle bahuta se ajJAnIjana aneka prakAra se ghara ko bhI AtmA kahate haiM - bakate haiM / unameM koI to adhyavasAna ko kaI karma ko, kaI adhyavasAnoM kI paripATI ko, nokarma rUpa zarIra ko, karma ke udaya ko, karma ke tItramaMdarUpa guNoM ke anubhava ko, AtmA aura karma ke mizraNa ko koI karma ke saMyoga ko prAtmA kahate haiM, tathA aneka prakAra se durbudvijana para ko AtmA nirUpita karate haiM, parantu paramArtha ke jJAtA unheM satyArthavAdI nahIM mAnate / ' ve satyArthavAdI kyoM nahIM hai dekhiye amRtacandra kI nyAyAlI ke hI mUla kathana ko, jo isa prakAra hai 7 "yataH ete'dhyavasAnAdayaH samastA evaM bhAvA bhagavadbhivizvasAkSibhirarhadbhiH pudgaladravyapariNAmamayatvena prajJaptAH saMtavacaitanyazUnyAtpud galadravyAdatiriktatvena prajJApyamAnaM caitanyasvabhAvaM jIvadravyaM bhavituM notsahate tato na khalvAgamayukti svAnabharvarbAdhitapakSatvAt tadAtmavAdinaH paramArthavAdinaH / etadeva sarvajJavacanaM tAvadAgamaH / iyaM tu svAnubhavagarbhitAyuktiH / na khalu naisagika rAgadveSakalmASitamadhyavasAnaM jIvastathAvidhAdhyavasAnAtkArtasvarasyeva zyAmikAyA pratiriktatvenAnyasya citsvabhAvasya vivecakaiH svayamupalabhyamAnatvAt / na khalvAnAdyanaMtapUrva pArIbhUtAvayavaika saMsaraNa lakSaNa kriyArUpeNa kIuttamaMtra jIvakarmaNoMtiriktatvenAnyasya citsvabhAvasyavivecakaH svayamupalabhyamAnatvAt / na khalu tIvramaMdAnubhavabhidyamAna duraMta rAgarasa nirbharAdhyavasAnasaMtAno jIvastatotiriktatvenAnyasya citsvabhAvasya vivecakaiH svayamupalabhyamAnatvAt / na khalu navapurANA J - 1. samayasAra gAthA 43 kI TIkA "iha khalu tadasAdhAraNalakSaNA kala nArakalIvatvenAtyaMtavimUDhAH saMtastAtvika mAtmAnamajAnato bahavo bahuSA paramapyAtmAnamiti pralayaMti / .......... evameva prakArA itarepi bahuprakArAH paramAtmeti vyapadizati durmedhasaH kintu na te paramArtha vAdibhiH paramArthavAdina iti nidizyante / "

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138 ] [ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva vasthAdi bhedena prabartamAnaM nokarma jIvaH zarIrAdatiriktavaM mAnyasya citasvabhAvastha vivecakaiH svayamaelabhyamAnatvAt / na khalu vizvamapi puNyapAparUpeNAkrAmakarmavidhAko jIvaH zubhAzubhabhAbAdatiriktatvenAnyasya vivecakaiH svayamapalabhyamAnatvAt / ma khala sAtAsAtArUpeNAbhivyApta samastatIvamaMdatvaguNAbhyAM bhidyamAnaH karmAnubhavo jovaH mukha duHkhAtiriktatvenAnyasya citsva mAvasya vivecakaiH svayamupalabhyamAnatvAt / na khalu majjitAvadubhayAtmakatvAdAtmakarmobhayaM jIva: kAsanyataH karmaNotiriktatvenAnyasya cisvabhAvaspa vivecakaH svayamupalabhyamAnatvAt / na khalvartha kriyAsamarthaH karma saMghoMgo jIvaH karma sayogAtkhaTyAzAyinaH puruSasyevASTakASThasayogAdatiriphtatyanAnyasya citsvabhAvasya vivecaka: svayamupalabhyamAnatvAt / ' .- - 1. samayasAra gAthA' 44 kI TIkA -- "yaha samasta adhyavasAnAdi bhAma, vizva ke (samasta padArthoM ke) sAkSAta dekhane vAle bhagavAn (vItarAga-rArvajJa arahatadevoM ke dvArA pudgaladravya ke pariNAmamagra' kahe gaye haiM. isalie ne nainanyasvabhAvamaya jIvadravya ke hone ke lie samartha nahIM haiM ki jo jIbaddavya caitanya' bhAva se zUnya aima pRdgalainya meM atirika (bhanna) kahA gayA hai. ataH jo ina' adhyavasAnAdika po jIma kahate haiM ve vAstava meM paramArthavAdI nahIM hai - kyoMki nAgama, mukti prari svAnubhava se unakA pakSa bAdhita hai| usameM "ve jIva nahIM hai yaha sarvajJa kA vacana hai vaha to aAgama hai aura yaha svAnubhavagabhita yukti hai ki rAgadapa se malina svayaM hI utpanna hote hae adhyavamAnAdikaH jIda nahIM haiM kyoki kAlimA se bhinna svarNa kI bhAti, adhyavasAna se bhinna anya citsvabhAvarUpa jIva bhedajJAniyoM ke dvArA svayaM apalabhyamAna hai / 1 / jigakA pUrva avayava pramAdi hai tathA bhaviSya avayava anaMta hai aisI eka saMgaraNa kriyA ke rUpa meM krIDA karatA huA kama bhI jIva nahIM hai, kyoMki karma se bhinna anya caitanyasvabhAvarUpa jIva bhevazAniyoM ke dvArA svayaM upalabhyamAna hai / 2 / tInamadampa anubhava se bhedarUpa hone para duraMta rAgarasabharita adhyavasAna saMtati bhI jIva nahIM hai, kyoMki usanaMtati se bhinna caitanyasvabhAvI jIva bhedazAniyoM dvArA upalabhyamAna hai / 3 / maI purAnI avasthAbheda se pravartamAna nokarma bhI jIva nahIM hai, kyoMki zarIra se anya' pRthak vatanya svabhAvIjIva bhedajJAniyoM dvArA upalampamAna hai / 4 | mamasta jagata ko puNya-pApa rUpa se vyApta karatA huA karmavipAka bhI jIva nahIM hai, kyoMki zubhAzubha bhAva se bhinna caitanyasvabhAbIjIva bhedajJAniyoM dvArA upalabhyamAna hai / 5 / sAtA asAtA rUpa se vyApta tImaMdabheda vAlA karmAnubhava bhI jIva nahIM hai, kyoMki sukha-duHkha se bhinna caitanyasvamASI

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] / 136 uparokta bhASya meM nyAyazailI meM kathita pAMca prakAra ke bAdhitapakSoM meM ye tIna prakAroM kA prayoga prAcArya amRtacandra ne kiyA hai| jaina nyAyagranthoM meM anusAra, ama, loka saMvA smAlA ina pAMca bAdhita pakSoM kA ullekha hai| yahAM Agama, yakti (anamAna), svAnubhaba (pratyakSa ) ina tInoM bAdhita pakSoM dvArA AtmA saMbaMdhI asalyamAnyatA kA nirAkaraNa kiyA hai| nyAyazAstroM meM anumAna zailI kA prayoga atyadhika milatA hai| sAdhana (tarka, hetu athavA yakti) se sAdhya ke jJAna ko anumAna kahate haiM / anumAna ke 5 aMga hai pratijJA, hetu, udAharaNa, upanaya aura nigamana / inameM pakSa tathA sAdhya ke kahane ko pratijJA kahate haiN| sAdhana (tarka) rUpa vacana ko hetu kahate haiM / vyApti pUrvaka dRSTAMta ke bAhane ko udAharaNa kahate haiN| pakSa aura sAdhana meM duSTAMta kI sadazatA dikhAne ko upanaya kahate haiM tathA niSkarSa nikAlakara pratijJA ke doharAne ko nigamana kahate haiN| AcArya amRtacandra ne apanI TIkAoM meM sarvatra ukta anumAna zailI ke yathAvasyaka kahIM sabhI, kahIM, do kahIM 3 tathA kahIM cAra aMgoM kA prayoga kiyA hai| udAharaNa ke lie unakI anamAna zailI kA pramANa prastuta hai| isakA prayoga ve 'dravyoM se dravyAntara (anyadravya) kI utpasi tathA dravya sattA ke antaratva (anya padArthapane ) ke hone kA khaNDana karate hue likhate haiM jIva bhedajJAniyoM dvArA upalabhyamAna hai| 6 / zrIkhaNDa kI bhAMti ubhayAtmaka mizrita AtmA aura karma gilakara bhI jIva nahIM hai, kyoMki gaMpUrNatayA karmoM se bhinna caitanya svabhAbIjIva bhevanAniyoM dvArA upalabhyamAna hai ! 7 / yartha niyA meM samartha kama kA saMyoga bhI jIva nahIM hai, kyoMki pATha lakar3ayoM ke saMyoga se bhinna palaMga para sone vAle puruSa kI bhAMti, vama saMyoga ro bhinna catanyasvabhAvI jIva bhedajJAniyoM ke dvArA svayaM upalabhyamAna hai| 1. bAdhita: pratyazAnubhAnAgamaloyaH svapacanaH / prmeyrtnmaalaa| paSTasa muddeza sUtra 15 kI TokA tathA jaina siddhAMta pravezikA - praznottara kramAMka 55. 56, 57, 18 (pRSTha 14 va 15) 2. jaina siddhAMta pravezikA karmAnA 41, 56, 60,61, 62, 67, tathA 68 3. pravacanasAra gAthA 68 vI TIkA - (martha - vAstava meM dravyoM se dravyAMtaroM (dUsare dravya) kI utpatti nahIM hotI / (pratijJAvAkya) kyoMki savaMgavya svabhAva

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140 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva na khaludayaM vyantarANAmArambhaH, sarvadravyAnAM svabhAva siddhatvAt / svabhAvasiddhatvaM tu teSAmanAdinidhanatvAt / anAdi nidhanaM hi na sAdhanAtaramapekSate / guNaparyAyAtmAnamAtmanaH svabhAvameva mUlasAdhanamupAdAya svayameva siddha siddhimadbhutaM vartate / yattadravyairArabhyate na tadavyAMtara kAdAcikatvAt sa paryAyaH / dvayaNakAdivanmanuSyAdivacca / dravyaM punaranavadhi trisamayAvasthAyi na tathA sthAt / arthavaM yathAsiddhaM svabhAvatarAva dravyaM tathA sadityapi tatsvabhAvata eva simityavadhAryatAm / sattAtmanAsmanaH svabhAvena niSpannaniSpattimadbhAvayuktatvAt / na ca dravyAdarthAntarabhUtA sattopapattimabhiprapadyate, yatastatsamavAyAttatsaditi syAt / sanaH siddha haiM / (hetu yA tarka) svabhAvasiddhatA to unakI anAdi nidhanatA se hai / (heta kAmAdinidhana ko vAstava meM sAdhanAMtara (anyasAdhana) kI apekSA nahIM hotii| vaha gRNaparyAyAtmaka apane svabhAva rUpa mUlasAdhana ko dhAraNakara ke svayameva siddha humA vartatA hai| (nigamana) jo dravyoM se utpanna hotA hai vaha dravyAMtara nahIM hai / (pratijJA), kyoMki kAdAcitvatA (anityanA) ke kAraNa baha parmAna hai / (henu), jaise dukhayagurAka ityAdi tathA manuSya paryAya ityAdi (udAharaNa), dravya to anadhi bhayaudArahita) trigamaya avasthAyI (trikAla sthAyI) hone me utpanna nahIM hotaa| pratra isa prakAra jaise dravya svabhAva se hI siddha hai, usI prakAra vaha svabhAva se hI satarUpa siddha hai aisA nirNaya ho, kyoMki sattAtmaka apane svabhAva se niSpanna hue mAnavAlA hai| dravya se ayAMtara bhUta sattA utpanna nahIM hotI ki jisake bhamavAya meM dUnya sava ho| isI ko spaSTa samajhAne haiM - prathama to sata se sattA ko yutasiddhatA dikhAI nahIM detii| dUsare ayutasiddhatA meM bhI vaha arthAntaratva nahIM banatA / "isameM vaha hai" (nya meM sattA hai) aisI pratIta hotI hai isalie vaha bana sakatA hai aisA rahA jAya to (hama pUchate haiM vi.) "isa meM yaha hai" aisI pratIti kisake prAzraya (kAraga) sa hotI hai| yadi nahA jAya ki bheda ke prAthaya se honI hai, to vaha kaunasA bheda hai ? prAdezika thA atAbhAvika ? prAdezika to hai nahIM kyoMki yutasiddhatva pahale hI nirarthaka kara diyA gayA hai aura yadi adAbhAvika kahA jAya no vaha utpanna hI hai. kyoMki aisA (zAstra) kA vacana hai ki jo dravya hai vaha guraNa nahIM hai; parantu (yaha bhI dhyAtavya hai ki) vaha matAdbhAvika bheda ekAMta se "isameM yaha hai" aisI pratIti kA kAraNa nahIM hai, kyoMki vaha svayameva unmagna (utpanna) tathA nimagna (nAza) hotA hai /

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva 3 [ 141 sattAyAzca na tAvadyuta siddhatvenArthAntaratvaM tayordaNDadaNDivadyuta siddhasyAdarzanAt prayuta siddhatvenApi na tadupadyate / ihedamitipratAtpadyata iti cet ki nibandhanA hohedamiti prtiitiH| bhedanibandhaneti cet ko nAma bhedaH / prAdezika atAdbhAviko vA / na tAvatprAdezikaH pUrvamevayukta siddhatvasyApasaraNAt / atAdbhAvikazcet upapanna evaM yaddravyaM tanna guNa iti vacanAt / ayaM tu na khalvekAntene hedamiti pratItenibaMdhana, svayamevonmagnanimagnatvAt- isa taraha ukta bhASya meM sarvatra anumAna zailI ke aMgoM kA prayoga kiyA hai| sAtha hI nyAyazAstraviSayaka zabdAvali - yuta siddha ayuta siddha niSpanna- niSpattimadbhAva siddhasiddhamadbhuta bhAva, praznottara, tarkavitarka, UhApoha Adi kA prayoga pracuramAtrA meM kiyA hai, jisase amRtacandra kI tArkika va nyAyajJAna rUpa pratibhA kA paricaya bhalIbhAMti ho jAtA hai / eka sthala para pramukharUpa se sAlaMkAra, UhApoha rUpa sundaratama zailI meM "utpAdavyaya tathA dhrauvya ke parassara avinAzIpane kI siddhi karate hue ve likhate haiM -- 1. pravacanasAra gAthA 100 kI TIkA- artha vAstava meM utpAda vyaya ke binA nahIM hotA aura vyaya utpAda ke binA nahIM hotA, utpAda aura vyaya sthiti (cavya) ke binA nahIM hote, aura zrogya utpAda tathA vyaya ke binA nahIM hotA / jo utpAda hai vahI vyaya hai, jo vyaya hai vahI utpAda hai, jo utpAda aura vyaya hai vahI bhavya hai, jo bhavya hai vahI utpAda tathA vyaya hai / usI prakAra jo kumbha kA utpAda hai vahI mRttikApiNDa kA vyaya hai, kyoMki bhAva kA bhAvAMtara ke prabhAva svabhAva se avabhAsana hai| jo mRttikApiNDa kA vyaya hai, vahI kumbha kA utpAda hai kyoMki abhAva kA bhavAMtara ke bhAvasvabhAva se avabhAsana hai tathA jo kumbha kA utpAda aura piNDa kA vyaya hai vahI mRtikA kI sthiti hai, kyoMki vyatireka anvaya kA pratikrama nahIM karate, aura jo mRttikA kI sthiti hai vahIM kumbha kA utpAda aura piNDa kA vyaya hai kyoMki vyatirekoM ke dvArA hI anvaya prakAzita hotA hai| aura yadi aisA na mAnA jAya to phira yaha siddha hogA ki utpAda anya hai, vyaya anya hai tathA ghocya anya hai (arthAt tInoM bhinna haiM parantu tInoM bhinna mAnane meM jo doSa upasthita hogA use kahate haiM) kevala utpAdakhojaka kumbha kI utpatti ke kAraNa kA prabhAva hone se utpatti hI nahIM hogI, taba samasta hI bhAvoM kI utpatti ho nahIM hogI athavA yadi asat kA utpAda hone lage to AkAzamAdi kA bhI utpAda hogA (jo

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142 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva ___ "na khalu sargaH saMhAramantareNa, na saMhAro vA sargamantareNa, na suSTisaMhAro sthitimantareNa, na sthitiH saMhAramantareNa / ya eva hi sargaH sa eva saMhAraH, ya eva saMhAraH sa eva sarga yAdeva sargamahAgau mana sthitiH, yaMva sthitistAbeda sargasaMhArAviti / nathAhi ya eva kumbhasya sargaH sa eva mRta piNDasya saMhAraH, bhAvasya bhAvAMtarAbhAvasvabhAvenAvabhAsanAt / ya eba ca mRtpiNDasya saMhAraH, sa eva kumbhasya sargaH grabhAvasya bhAvAMtarabhAtrasvabhAvenAvabhAsa nAt / yo ca kumbhapiNDayoH sargasaMhArau saiba mRttikAyAH sthitiH, vyatirekANAmanvayAna tikramaNAt / yaiva ca mutikAyAH sthitistAveva kumbhapiNDayoH sargasaMhArau, vyatirekamukhenaivAntragrasya prakAzanAt / yadi punarnedameva miSyeta tadAnyaH sagauM 'nyaH saMhAra: anyA sthitirityAyAti / tathA sati hi kevalaM sarga mugayamANasya kumbhasyotpAdana kAraNAbhAvAdabhavanireva bhanet, asAda eva vA / tatra imbhasyA bhanau sarveSAmeva bhAvAnAmabhavanireva bhavet / asadutpAde vA dayomaprasavAdInAmapyutpAdaH syAt / tathA kevala saMhArabhArabhabhANasya mRtpiNsya saMhArakAraNAbhAvAdasaMha raNireba bhavet / saducchabbe bA saMvidAdInAmapyacchedaH syAt / tathA kevalA sthitimupagacchantyA mRttikAyA vyatirekAkrAntasthityanvayAbhAvAdasthAnireba bhavet, kSaNika nityatvameva vA / tatra muuttikaay| prasthAnI sarveSAmeva bhAvAnAmasthAnireva bhavet kSaNika nityatve vA cittakSaNAnAmapi nityatvaM syAt / tata uttarottaravyatirekANAM sargeNa pUrvapUrvavyatirekANAM saMhAreNAnvayasyAvasthAnenAbinAbhUta mudyotamAnanirvighnatralakSaNyalAJchanaM dravyamavazyamanumantavyam / / 100 / asambhava hai / ) aura ve vana vyayArambhaka bhUliMgaNDa kA vyaya ke kAraNa kA abhAva hone meM nyAya hI nahIM hogA athavA to man kA hI uccheda hogaa| vahAM yadi matpiNDa kA vyaya na hogA to mamasta bhAvoM kA vyaya hI na hogA, athavA yadi rAt vA uccheda hogA to caitanya ityAdi kA bhI uccheda ho jaayegaa| (yaha doSa pAyegA) / aura kevala dhovya prApta karane ko jAne bAlI mattiA kI. vyatireka sahita sthiti kA (manvayakA) prabhAva hone se, sthiti hI nahIM hogI athavA to zazika ko hI nityatva kA prasaMga pAyegA / vahAM yadi miTTI kA ghovyarana na ho to samasta hI bhAvoM kA dhrauvya hI nahIM hogA athavA kSaNika vA nityatva ho to citta ke kSaNika bhAvoM kA bhI nityalna yA prasaMga paayegaa| (yaha doSa pAyegA) / imaliye dravya ko uttarottara nyatiraboM kI utpatti ke sAtha, pUrva pUrva ke vyatirakoM ke saMhAra ke sAtha aura anvaya va avasthAna ke sAtha avinAbhAvavAlA nirvighna trilakSaNatA rUpa cilla prakAzamAna hai aisA avazya mAnanA cAhiye / / 10 / /

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] [ 143 isa taraha jahA~ amRtacandra uhApoha ke dvArA kliSTa dArzanika tathyoM ko spaSTa karane kI anokhI sAmathya rakhA hai, vahIM ve apanI tarkapUrNa vidheyAtmaka vyAkhyA dvArA eka pada kA artha karate huye aneka anyamatoM ke nirAkaraNa karane meM bhI kuzala pratIta hote haiN| unakI naiyAyika kuzalatA kA jvalaMta udAharaNa "samaya" pada ko gaMbhIra vyAkhyA hai| "samaya" pada kA artha karate hue ve likhate haiM "yoyaM nityameva pariNAmAtmani svabhAva avatiSThamAnatvAt utpAdabyayadhovyai kyAnubhUtilakSaNayA sattathAnusyUtazcaitanyasvarUpatvAgni 1. samayasAra mAthA 2 kI prAtmarUpAti TIkA, pRSTha 5-6 (na-yaha jIva nAmaka padArtha sadA hI pariNamanasvarUpa svabhAva meM rahatA huaA hone se utpAda vyayaprauvya kI ekatArUpa anubhUti lakSaragayukta sattAsahita hai| (isamaM sattA ko na mAnane vAle nAstika vAdiyoM kA khaNDana ho gayA tathA puruSa (jIva) ko pariNAmI mAnane vAle sAMsyavAdiyoM kA pariNamanasvabhAva' kahane se khaNDana huA / namAyika aura vaidoSikavAdI sattA ko nitya hI mAnate haiM aura bauddha kSagika hI mAgate haiM, unakA nirAkaraNa sattA ko utpAdavyama aura dhauvya kahane se huyA hai|), nova caitanyasvarUpatA se nitya jyotarUpa nirmala spaSTa danajJAnajyoti svarUpa hai (isa kathana' se catanya ko jJAnAkAra rUpa na mAnane vAle sakhyamata kA nirAkaraNa hunA, vaha jIva ananadharmoM meM rahane vAle eka dhamIMgane ke kAraNa pragaTa dravyatva vAlA hai (isa vishessnn| se vastu ko dharmo se rahita mAnanevAle bauddhamatiyoM kA nirAkaraNa hugrA), vaha kamarUpa aura akrama rUpa pravartamAna aneka 'mAya svabhAva ke kAraNa guNagAyoM ko dhAraNa karane vAlA hai (isa vizeSaNa dvArA puruSa ko niguga mAnane vArane sAMkhyamata vAloM kA nirasana ho gayA), aura apane tathA paradrayoM ke prAkAroM ko prakAzita karane kI sAmarthya ke kAraNa samasta rUpa ko jhalakAne vAlI ekarUpatA ko prApta karane vAlA hai (isa vizeSaNa se "jJAna apane ko hI jAnatA hai para ko nahIM' aisA mAnane vAloM kA nirAkaraNa humA / ). vaha anya dravyoM ke viziSTa guNareMavagAhana, gati, sthiti, vartanAhettva tathA rUpitva ke prabhAva ke kAraNa aura asAdhAraNa caitanyarUpatA svabhAva ke sadbhAva ke kAraNa prAkAga, dharma, adharma, kAla aura pudgala-ina pA~ca dravyoM se bhinna hai / aura vaha ananta anya dravyoM ke sAtha atyanta ekAkSevAvagAharUpa hone para bhI apane svarUpa se na chUTane se TakotkIrNa caitanyasvabhAvarUpa hai / aisA jIva nAmaka padArtha samaya hai /

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144 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva tyodita vizadadRzizapti jyotiranaMtadharmAdhirUr3he kadhamitvAdudyotamAnadravyatvaH kramAkrama pravRtta vicitra bhAva svabhAvatvAdutsaMgitaguNa paryAyaHsvaparAkArAvabhAsana samarthatvAdupAttavaizvarUyekarUpaH prativiziSTAvagAha gatisthitivarttanAnimittatvarUpitvAbhAvAdasAdhAraNa cipatAsvabhAvasadbhAvAccAkAza dharmAdhikAla pudgalebhyo bhinno'tyaMta manaM tadravya saMkarepi svarUpa pracyavanA kotkIrNa citsvabhAvo jIvo nAma padArthaH sa samayaH / " isI taraha anyamata khaNDanArtha nyAyazailI meM prayukta vibhinna doSoM, ApattiyoM tathA prasaMgoM kA ullekha TIkAoM meM sarvatra milatA hai / unameM kucha ke nAma isa prakAra hai: - saMkarAdidoSApattiH, visaMvAdApatti', cetanasyAcetanApatti itaretarAzrayadoSa avyApti, ativyApti, prasaMbhavadoSa * punaruktidoSa, anavasthAdoSa * bhAvyabhAvaka saMkaradoSa, jJeyajJAyaka saMkaradoSa, jIva vA pudgala ke ekatva kA prasaMga', dravya ke nAza kA prasaMga, nityakartRtva kA prasaMga, tanmayatA kA prasaMga" para kA svAmI banane se jIvapane kA prasaMga 13, cetana ke abhAva kA prasaMga 13, anaikAMtika hetvAbhAsa 14 ityAdi / 5 1 isake atirikta vastu svarUpa kI siddhi hetu vibhinna nyAyoM kA prayoga bhI unakI kRtiyoM meM milatA hai / udAharaNa ke lie eka sthala para "svarNamuTThI nyAya" kA ullekha karate hue ve likhate haiM- "yo hi nAmAnAdimohonmattatayAtyaMtamapratibuddhaH san nirviNNena guruNAnavarataM pratibodhyamAnaH kathaMcanApi pratibudhya nijakaratalavinyasta vismRtacAmI 1. samayasAra gAthA 2 kI AtmaruyAti TIkA 2. vahI gAthA 268-266 kI TIkA 3. vahI gAthA 70 kIM TIkA 4. vahIM, gAthA 66 kI TIkA tathA kalaza naM. 42 aura 403 gAyA kI TIkA bhI 5. vahI, gAthA 226 se 236 kI TIkA athavA kalaza 153 se 160 taka va 70 se 76 taka 6. baddI, gAthA 216 ko TIna 8. vahIM, gAthA 31 kI TIkA 10. vahI gAthA 66 ko TIvana 12. vaho, gAthA 208 kI TIkA 14. vahIM, gAthA 265 kI TokA 7. vahIM, gAthA 32 kI TokA 6. 1 vahI gAthA 62 kI TIkA, 11. vahI, gAthA 100 ko TIkA 13. vahI, gAyA 269 kI TIkA

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] [ 145 karAvalovAnanyAyena paramezvaramAmAnaM jJAtvA zraddhAyAnacarya ca sabhyargakAsmArAmo bhUtaH sa khalvamAtmAtmapratyakSaM cinmAtraMjyotiH, samasta kramAkrama pravartamAna vyAvahArikabhAvaizcinmAtrAkAreNAbhidyamAnatvAdekaH / 1 isI taraha "jo pUrvatra jo, jo hI hai" nyAya kA ullekha karate hue likhA hai ki mithyAtvAdi guNasthAna paudgalika mohakarma kI prakRti ke udayapUrvaka hote hone se sadA hI acetana hai, kyoMki kAraNa jaisA hI kArya hotA hai -- aisA samajhakara "jI pUrvaka hone vAle jo jo haiM, ve jI hI hote haiM" isI nyAya se ve karma pudgala hI hai| yathA - "mithyAdRSTyAdIni hi paudagalika mohakaprakRrmativipAkapUrvakatve sati nityamacetanatvAt kAraNAna vidhAyIni kAryANIti kRtvA yayapUrvakA yavA yavA eveti nyAyena pudgala va natu jIbaH / "3 eka sthala para "TakotkIrNa nyAya" dvArA jJAna kI nityatA tathA kSAyikapane ke mAhAtmya ko darzAyA hai / ve likhate haiM - "yattu yugapadeva sarvArthAnAlambya pravartate jJAne takotkIrNanyAyAvasthita samastavastujJeyAkAratayAdhiropita nityatve anyatra "aMjanacUrNasamudgaka nyAya" ke AdhAra para sabhI dravyoM ke nivAsa ke sambandha meM spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai yathA - "kAlajIvapudgalAnAmityekadravyApekSayA ekadeza anekadravyApekSayA punarajanacUrNapUrNasamudgakanyAyena sarvaloka eveti / " isa taraha aneka 1. samayasAra gAthA 38 kI TIkA kA artha - jo anAdi moha rUpa prajJAna se unmattatA ke kAraNa pratyaMta apratibuddha thA aura viraktaguru se nirantara samajhAye jAne para jo kisI prakAra rAmajhakara, sAvadhAna hokara "jase koI puruSa muTThI meM rakhe hue sone ko bhUla gayA ho aura phira smaraNa karake usa sone ko dekheM" isa nyAya se, apane paramezvara prAtmA ko bhUla gayA thA, use jAnakara, usakA zraddhAnakara aura usakA yAcaraNa karake jo samyaka prakAra se eka yAtmArAma hu~mA, vaha maiM aisA anubhava karatA hU~ ki maiM catanya jyoti rUpa AtmA hai ki jo mere hI anubhava se pratyakSa jJAta hotA hai, cimmAna bhAva ke kAraNa maiM samasta amarUpa tathA amarUpa pravartamAna vyAvahArika bhAvoM se bhedarUpa nahIM hotA isalie maiM eka hU~ ......" 2. samayasAra gAthA 68 kI TIkA 3, pravacanasAra gAthA 51 ko TIkA 4. pravacanasAra gAthA 136 kI dIkA

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146 ] [ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva nyAyoM ke ullekha evaM prayoga se unako nyAya vijJatA kA paricaya milatA hai| unakI TIkAe~ tathA vastusvarUpa kI siddhi hetu prayukta naiyAyika zabdAvali bhI unake tAkika tathA naiyAyikA rUpa vyaktitva ke zreSTha pramANa haiN| unhoMne svamata maMDanArtha tathA paramata khaNDanArtha prayukta nyAyazAstrokta padoM kA pracuramAtrA meM prayAga kiyA hai, jo amanacandra ko prakhara tAkika tathA kuzala nyAyavettA siddha karate haiN| tAkika tathA naiyAyika kA rUpa bhI AcArya amRtacandra ke vizAla vyaktitva kA eka pahalU hai| prAcArya amRtacandra bhASAvid ke rUpa meM AcArya amRta candra ke bahumukhI vyaktitva meM unakA bhASAvid kA rUbhI apratima hai be prAkRta tathA saMskRta bhASA ke prakANDa vidvAna the| saMskRta bhASA para tI unakA asvalita Adhipatya thaa| unakI paMcA sAhityakAra mAvi vANabhaTTa ke saMbandha meM 'vANo bANo babhUveti" yaha ukti caritArtha hai / AcArya amRtacandra kI saMskRta bhASA kI praur3hatA, gaMbhIratA, bhAvArthavAhitA tathA sundaratA ko nihAra kara upayakta ukti amRtacandra ke vyaktitva meM bhI sArthaka evaM jvalaMta pratIta hotI hai| ve jena saMddhAMtika zabdoM tathA sAdhAraNa saMjJAoM kI bhI vyAkhyA karane meM nahIM hickte| ve sAragabhita saMketoM tathA saMkSipta vyAkhyA ko jAnate the / .. ... .-... - 1. yAgnika zabdAvali ke prayoga do prakAra ke haiM vastusvarUpa ke viparIta mata khaNDanArtha tathA vastusvarUpa kI siddhi (maNDanArtha prayukta zabda) / khanArtha prayuka zabdoM meM prasiddha, anupapatte:, aApattiH, prasaMgAta, kutastyAta siddhi, pratyAkhyAtam, utthApyate yAdi pramukha haiM tathA maNDanArtha prayukta zAbdoM meM sAkyati, siddhyati, AyAtam, niSpannam, siddham, nyAyyaga, astu, nizcayaH, nizcinoti, upapannam, avazyaM, anusata jya, vyavasthApamitadhyama, nipacIyante, siddhAMtayati, pratipabham, alamativistaraNa, sAvitam, anena, vyAkhmAtam, upapattiH, prAmnAtam, sAkalyena, siddhiH, sthitA, prasajet, sAdhyasiddhi, atiSThate, nizcitam suSTaparIkSaya, nyAyya eva, yuktA prajJaptiH, iti nizcayasiddhAMtaH, prasAdhyam, saMpadyate, mAyabalena etadmApAtam, pratiniyamaH, prati niyamaH, karaNa, pratyAsatti, nizcinvan, mImAsyate, prasaktI, daNDanItayaH ityAdi mukhya haiN|

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] [ 147 kabhI kabhI unakA gadya kRtrima tathA kliSTa sA pratIta hotA hai| vicAroM kI abhivyakti pravAhapUrNa hai / ve gadyakAra kI apekSA kavi adhika the / unakI zrAdhyAtmika jagat para samprabhutA thii| unakI vicArAbhivyakti atyanta prabhAvapUrNa thI / unakI bhASA ojapUrNa, rasapUrNa alaMkAra yukta tathA arthavAhI thI / amRtacandra ke vyaktitva kI pror3hanA tathA bhASA praur3hatA donoM samakakSa hai / unakI prAkRtabhASA vijJatA niHsaMdeha siddha hai, kyoMki kundakundAcArya ke prAkRta granthoM ke gUr3hArthoM ko saMskRta bhASA ke mAdhyama se udghATita karane meM unhoMne advitIya saphalatA tathA khyAti prApta ko hai / samayasAra kI Atmaruprati TIkA meM unhoMne pUrvAcAryoM kI kucha prAkRta gAthAoM ko bhI udArata kiyA hai| unhoMne prAkRta gAthAoM ke eka-eka zabda kI vyAkhyA savistAra karake unameM nihita bhAva ko atyanta sauSThava pUrNa bhASA meM prakaTa kiyA hai| unakI bhASA kI suSThutA evaM cArutA darzanIya haiN| udAharaNa ke lie yahA~ unakI TIkA kA kucha aMza prastuta hai / isa aza meM unhoMne AcArya kundakunda ke "dArahaM prappaNI savihaveNa" pada arthAt "AtmA ke nijavaMbhava se dikhAtA hU kA bhAva spaSTa karate hue likhA hai - 1 "iha kila sakalodbhAsisyAtpada mudritazabdabrahmopAsanajanmA, samasta vipakSakSodakSa mAninistuSayuktyavalamba najanmA nirmala vijJAnaghanAMtanimagnaparAparaguru prasAdI kRtazuddhAtmatattvAnu zAsanajanmA, anavaratasyandisundarAnandamudvitA maMdasaMvidAtmakasya saMvedanajanmA ca yaH kazvanApi mamAtmanaH sva vibhavastena mamastenApyayamekatva vibhaktamAtmAnaM darzaye'hamiti baddha vyavasAyo'smi "" isa taraha spaSTa hai ki AcArya amRtacandra prAkRta bhASA tathA usameM abhivyakta bhAvoM para asAdhAraNa adhikAra rakhate the / saMskRta bhASA to unake praur3ha vyaktitva kI anubatinI aura unake aMtarAbhiprAya kI preraNA para nAcane vAlI thii| yaha kAraNa hai ki zrAtmakhyAti TIkA meM gadya tathA padya donoM kAvyavidhAoM kA sammizraNa dekhane ko milatA hai / amRtacandra sarvaprathama gAthAgata bhAvoM ko hRdayagata karate haiM pazcAt aMtaraMgAnubhUti ko sazakta, satarka tathA sundara bhASA meM pragaTa karate haiN| jahA~ se gAthAgata yA padanihita marma kA vizleSaNa karate haiM, vahA~ bhASA gadyarUpa meM pravAhita 1. samayasAra gAthA 5 kI TIkA

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148 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva hotI hai tathA jahA~ gAthA yA padagata rahasya viSayaka prAnaMdAnubhUti kA atireka pragaTa karate haiM, vahA~ bhASA svayameva padyamayI ho jAtI hai| isa prakAra unheM gadyapadyamayI bhASAbhivyakti dvArA prAtmakhyAti TIkA meM sarvatra adhyAtmataraMgiNI pravAhita karane meM asAdhAraNa saphalatA prApta huI hai| eka zreSTha bhASAvid ke rUpa meM prAcArya amRtacandra ne saMskRta bhASA ko aneka rUpoM meM prastuta kiyA hai| vahIM unakI bhASA atyanta sarala, subodha tathA sarvajanamAhI rahatI hai to kahIM para atyanta kliSTa, durgama tathA vidvajjana grAhI hotI hai| isa taraha bhASAzailI ke inhIM rUma parivartanoM ke kAraNa ve kabhI praur3hatama gadyakAdhyakAra, to kabhI rasasiddha adhyAtma kavi tathA kabhI ubhayakAvyakAra - campukAvyakAra ke rUpa prAdurbhUta hote haiN| saMskRta bhASA para asAdhAraNa adhikAra hone ke kAraNa ho unhoMne use vibhinna chandoM, vibhinna alaMkAroM, vibhinna rasoM tathA vyAkaraNa viSayaka prayogoM se saMjoyA hai| eka zabda ko aneka arthoM tathA aneka zabdoM ko eka artha meM prayoga karane meM ve dakSa haiN| vibhinna kriyApadoM va vibhinna gaNoM kI dhAtuoM kA vibhinna lakAroM meM prayoga, dhAtu ke taddhita, kRdaMta tathA vibhinna pratyayAMta prayoga, aneka adhyayoM kA pAdapUraNArtha prayoga, aneka upasargoM kA artha paribartanArtha prayoga, aprayukta (apracalita) zabdoM kA prayoga ityAdi vizeSatAeM unakI bhASAvijJatA kI spaSTa pramANa haiM / udAharaNa ke lie unake kucha vyAkaraNa sambandhI prayoga isa prakAra hai eka sthala para "prajJA dvArA AtmA ko kaise grahaNa karanA cAhie ?" isakA spaSTIkaraNa karate hue ve likhate haiM--'yo hi niyata svalakSaNAvalaMbinyA prajJayA pravibhaktazcetayitA so'yamahaM,ye tvamI avaziSTA anyasvalakSaNalakSyA vyavahriyamANA bhAvAH, te sarve'pi cetayitRtvasya vyApakasya vyApyatvamAnAyAMto'tyaMta matto bhinnAH / tato'hameva maryava mahyameva matta eva mayyeva mAmeva gRha NAmi / yatkila gahANAmi takila cetanaka kriyatvAdAtmanazcetaya eva, cetayamAna eva cetaye, cetayamAnenaiva cetaye, tayamAnAyaMva cetaye, cetayamAnAdeva cetaye, cetayamAne eva cetaye, cetayamAnameva cetaye / athavA na cetaye, na cetayamAnazcetaye, na cetayamAnena cetaye, na cetayamAnAya cetaye, na cetayamAnAccetaye, na cetayamAne ghetaye, na cetayamAnaM

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] [ 146 * 1 cetaye, kintu parva vizuddhacinmAtra bhAvo'smi / " isa prakAra asmad tathA cetamAna padoM ke SaTkArakarUpa vikalpoM kA niSedha kara abheda cinmAtrabhAvarUpa AtmA ko pkdd'aayaa| isake pazcAt isI prakAra kI tundara vyAkaraNa prayoga zailI meM ukta sAmAnyacetanA ko darzanamAtra evaM jJAnamAtra bhAva rUpa nirUpita karate hue likhA hai- cenAvanatripa natikramaNAccetayitRtvamiva dRSTatva jJAtRtvaM cAtmanaH svalakSaNameva / tato'haM draSTAramAtmAnaM gRhNAmi / yatkila gRhNAmi tatpazyAmyeva pazyanneva pazyAmi, pazyataM pazyAmi pazyate eva pazyAmi pazyata evaM pazyAmi pazyatyeva pazyAmi pazyaMtamepayAmi / athavA na pazyAmi na pazyan pazyAmi na pazyatA pazyAsi na pazyate pazyAmi na pazyataH pazyAmi na pazyati pazyAmi na pazyataM pazyAmi kiMtu sarvavizuddho dRGamAtra bhAvA'smi / api jJAtAramAtmAnaM gRhNAmi / yatkila gRhNAmi tajjAnAmyeva jAnanneva jAnAmi jAnateva jAnAmi jAnate eva jAnAmi jAnata eva jAnAmi, jAnatyeva jAnAmi, jAnaMtameva jAnAmi / athavA na jAnAmi na jAnan, jAnAmi, na jAnatA jAnAmi na jAnate jAnAmi, na jAnato jAnAmi, na jAnati jAnAmi, na jAnaMtaM jAnAmi, kiMtu sarva vizuddho jJaptimAtro bhAvo'smi / * J " , P 7 1 eka "dhAtu' pada ke pratyaya parivartana se aneka rUpoM ke prayoga meM ve dakSa the / "ku" dhAtu ke karma karoti, kAryatva, kurvANaH, kartA, kriyamANaH , 1. samayasAra gAthA 217 ko TIkA - ( artha - - " niyata svalakSaNa kA abalaMbana karane vAlI prajJA ke dvArA bhinna kiyA gayA jo vetana AtmA hai vaha yaha meM haiM, aura anya svalakSaNoM se lakSya (jAnane yogya) jo ye zeSa vyavahArarUpa bhAva haiM ve sabhI takatvarUpI vyApaka ke vyApya nahIM hote, isalie mujhame atyaMta bhinna haiM, prata maiM hI, apane dvArA hI, apane lie hI, apane meM se hI apane meM hI, apane ko hI grahaNa karatA hU~ / zrAtmA kI cetanA hI eka kriyA hai isalie maiM " grahaNa karatA hU~" / ( hai ) prarthAt meM cetatA hI haiM, cetatA huvA hI cetatA hU~, cetale huye dvArA hI cetatA hU~, catate huye celate hue 'se hI cetatA hai, cetate meM hI cetatA hU~, athavA na to cetatA hU~, na cetatA hudhA cetatA hU~, hU~, na cetate hue ke liye cetatA hU~, na cetate hue se cetatA hU~, na cetate hue ko cetatA hU~, kintu sarvavizuddha cinmAtra bhAva huuN| 2. samayasAra gAyA, 268- 266 kI dokA 3. pravacanasAra gAyA, 104 ke lie hI cetatA hU~, cetane ko hI cetatA hU~, na cetate hue ke dvArA cetatA cetatA hai, na cetave e meM

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150 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva jJeyIkurvana, jJAnIkurvan, AtmIkurvan akArSa, pracokaraM kurvantam karomi, kArayAmi, kariSyAmi, kArayiSyAmi , kRta, kArita' ityAdi prayoga, "dRza'' dhAtu ke pazyati, dRSTu. dRSTavyaM, dRSTaH, darzana, dRSTatvaM, dRSTAra, yuddha manda, dRArA pa zi isa di pramoga tathA "sidh" dhAtu ke prasiddhaH, prasiddhiH, prasiddhyA, prasiddhyati, prasAdhanIyam, prasiddhana, prasAdhyamAnatvAt, prasAdhyamAna:1 ityAdi prayoga unakI dakSatA ke pramANa haiM / ve upasarga parivartana kara artha rivartana karane meM bhI kuzana the, udAharaNa ke liye rAdhaH pada meM vibhinna upasarga prayoga kara aparAdhaH, sAparAdhaH, niraparAdhaH, prArAdhana, ArAdhaka 15 Adi zabdoM kA nirmANa huA hai tathA jar pada ke nirjIrya, nirjaraka.12, nirjImANaH, nirjIrNaH nirjarA, ajIrNa:13 ityAdi prayoga unakI TIkAoM meM milate haiN| unakI TIkAoM nathA maulika racanAoM meM prAyaH adhikAMza pracalita upasargoM kA upayoga14 tathA avyayoM kA prayoga huA hai| eka sthala para to eka hI gAthA kI TIkA meM battIsa 15 prakAra ke vibhinna avyayoM ke prayoga se unakI saMskRta bhASAvijJatA kA paricaya prApta hotA hai / amRtacandra kI TIkAoM tathA 1. samayamAra gAthA 200 kI TIma 2. vahIM, gAthA, 287 se 286 taka kI dIkA pRSTha 523 3. nahIM, eTa 528 4. vahI, pRSTha 531 5. vahI, pRSTha 523 6. vahI, mAthA 172 kI TInA 7. vahI, gAthA 266 8. vahI, gAthA 5 9. vahI, pariziSTa 1 syAhAdAdhikAra-pRSTha 586 10. vahIM, pariziSTa 1 pRSTha 556 11. vahI, gAthA 304-305 kI TIkA 12. vahI, gAthA 13 TIkA 13. vahI, gAthA 164 14. vibhinna upasargoM meM mukhya hai-"vi, an, saM, prati, prA. av, a, upa, pari, pra, man adhi, upa, antaH, niH, su. duH, abhi, sa, saha 15. ye battIsa pratyaya iga prakAra haiM-hi, tataH, khalu, api, iva, sadyaH, alaM, svasti, iti, kila, ca, tatra, eva, ta, punaH anyathA, tathA, punaH punaH, adha, manAk-manAk anavarataM, muha muhu, nitarAM, kadAcit kicit, bahudhA, suSya nitAMta, suciraM, pratra, yathA, kevala / (paMcAstikAva gAthA, 172 kI samayavyAkhyA TIkA)

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] [ 151 anya kRtiyoM meM prayukta vipula saMkhyA meM dhAturUpa athavA kriyApada bhI unake saMskRta bhASA ke adhikAra ko prakaTa karate haiM / vipulakAya vAkyAvali, dIrdhasAmAsika padAvali, aprayukta tatsama tathA tadbhava zabdAvali, aneka gadyazailiyAM tathA saMskRta bhASA viSayaka aneka vizeSatAeM unake saphalatama tathA uccakoTi ke bhASAvida rUpa vyaktitva ke prabala pramANa haiN| unakI kRtiyoM meM aprayukta kliSTa zabdoM kI saMkhyA bhI bahuta hai| una aprayukta zabdoM kA artha sarvasAdhAraNa ko saralatA se grAhya nahIM hotA hai| unakA artha jAnane hetu zabdakoSa kA sahArA lenA par3atA hai / unavI sabhI kRtiyoM meM saMskRta bhASA kA praur3hatama rUpa vidyamAna hai ziSTayo samApa: zimoM ko pada pada para dekhA jA sakatA hai| saMskRta ke vikhyAta praur3ha pUrvavartI gadyakAroM ke gadya se bhI adhika praur3ha tathA parimAjita gadya tathA adhyAtmarasabharita, sundara, sAlaMkAra evaM layAtmaka gadya unake zreSTha bhASAvijJa hone ke prabala pramANa haiN| prAcArya amRtacandra siddhAntajJa ke rUpa meM AcArya amRtacandra uccakoTi ke siddhAntajJa the| jisa prakAra tAthakara mahAvIra ke bAda aneka siddhAMtapAragAmI AcArya hA; parantu unameM AcArya kundakunda kA nAma sarvAdhika vidha ta evaM prAmANika mAnA jAtA rahA hai, usI prakAra jaina siddhAMtasutroM ke talasparzI vettA aneka TokAkAra AcArya hue, parantu AcArya amRtacandra kA nAma sarvAdhika mahatvapUrNa evaM prAmANika TIkAkAra ke rUpa meM mAnA jAtA hai| isakA pramukha kAraNa hai unakI siddhaantjnytaa| AcArya kundakunda ke sUtra tIrthaMkaroM kI vANI kA sAra hai, usa sAra ko hRdayaMgama karake saphalatApUrvaka usakA marma prakaTa karane kA zreya vizeSa rUpa se TIkAkAra amRtacandra AcArya ko hai / unake siddhAMtajJa hone ke kucha AdhAra isa prakAra haiM 1. amRtacandra kundakundAcArya praNIta granthoM ke TIkAkAra haiN| kundakundAcArya ko dvitIya zra taskaMdha siddhAMta paramparA kA jJAna prApta thaa| vaha siddhAMta paramparA mukhyataH adhyAtmaparaka tathA zuddhadravyAthika naya kI kadhana zailI se sambaddha hai| isI siddhAMtaparamparA ke TIkAkAra prAcArya prabhRtacandra haiM, ataH spaSTa hai ki ve adhyAtmaparaka siddhAMtoM ke talasparzI, gambhIra adhyetA tathA vyAkhyAtA the|

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152 ] / AcArya amRta candra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva 2. prathama ataskaMdha siddhAMta paramparA SaTkhaNDAgama, gommaTasAra, labdhisAra, kSapaNAsAra Adi grandhoM meM nibaddha hai| kundAkundAcArya ke ziSya jhAcArya umAsvAmI ne ukta siddhAMta paramparA kA sAra mUlarUpeNa nibaddha karake 'tattvArthasUtra' nAmaka mahA nasUtragrantha kI saMskRta meM racanA kii| AcArya amRtacandra ne ukta tatvArthasUtra ke AdhAra para "tattvArthasAra'' nAmaka grantha kA praNayana kiyA, jisameM tattvArthasUtra ke sUtroM kA padyarUpa meM saralIkaraNa tathA vizadIkaraNa kiyA, isase amRtacandra kI janadArzanika siddhAMtoM kI vijJatA bhI pramANita hotI hai| 3. ve jaina AcAraparaMparA viSayaka paraNAnuyoga ke siddhAMtoM ke bhI marmajJa the| unakI maulika racanA puruSArthasiddhayupAya isakA jvalaMta pramANa hai| isa grantha meM varNita ahiMsA siddhAMta kA vizad vivecana vidvAnoM ko bhI vismayakArI haiN| aisI anUThI siddhAMtavivecanA anyatra durlabha hai / 4. navIna upalabdha "laghutattvasphoTa" nAmaka bhaktikAvya viSayaka bejor3a kRti to jaina siddhAMtoM kA khajAnA hI hai, sAtha hI AcArya abhUnacandra kI siddhAMtajJatA kA cirasthAyI smAraka hai| isa grantha meM jinendradeva' kI stuti ke bahAne prAcArya samaMtabhadrasvAmI ke yuktyanuzAsana, devAgamastotra, stutividyA, tathA svayaMbhUstotra granthoM kI taraha dArzanika siddhAMtoM kI gutthiyoM ko eka theSThatama kAvyakalAkAra kI haisiyata se sulajhAyA tathA spaSTIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| unake paMcAstikAya tathA pravacanasAra kI TIkAoM meM unake siddhAMtajJAna kA caramolarSa dekhane yogya hai| 5, apanI TIkAnoM meM vibhinna siddhAMtoM ke spaSTIkaraNa ke sAtha ho pUrvAcAryokta gAthAoM ke "uktaJca" ke rUpa meM uddharaNa prastuta kara unakI sampuSTi kI hai| udAharaNArtha "karmagranthapratipAditajIva guNa mArgaNAsthAnAdiprapaMcita vicitravikalparUpaiH likhakara gommaTasAra Adi karma siddhAMta viSayaka granthoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| 1. dekhiye - paMcAstikAma gAthA 146, 172 kI ttokaaeN| pravacanasAra gAthA 52, 166 lathA 275 kI ttiikaaeN| samayasAra gAthA 12, 305 kI ttiikaaeN| 2. paMcAstikAya gAyA 123 kI TIkA /

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] 6. janadarzana meM bahucita gUDhArthavAcI aneka siddhAMtoM kA vizadarUpeNa spaSTIkaraNa prastuta kiyA hai| unameM syAdvAda, anekAMta, kartAkarma, nimittanaimittika, kamabaddhaparyAya, SaTkArakA, naya, pramANa, nikSepa, puNyapApa bandhamokSa, nizcayAbhAsa, vyavahArabhAsa, zubha-azubha tathA zuddha upayoga, dravya-guNa-paryAya, ahiMsA, satya, yacaurya, brahmacarya, aparigraha, mahAskaMdha, mahAsattA, avAMtarasattA, yatasiddha-ayatasiddha, sAmAnyaguNa, vizeSaguNa, astikAya ityAdi pramukha siddhAMta haiM, jinakA spaSTollekha Age yathA samAna kiyA gayA hai : 7. AcArya amRtacandra jainasiddhAMtoM ke pAraMgata, adhikArI, marmajJavizeSajJa to the hI, sAtha hI the anyadarzanoM meM sAMkhya, vaizeSika, naiyAyika, bauddha, nAstika, mImAMsaka, atabrahma tathA zvetAmbara Adi darzanoM ke jJAtA the, isIlie unhoMne apanI kRtiyoM meM ina matoM kA ullekha tathA nirAkaraNa kiyA hai|' 8. ve sUtratAtparya tathA zAstratAtparya ko bhI spaSTa karate jAte haiN| sUtratAtparya pratyeka satra kI utthAnikA ke rUpa meM prArambha meM tathA gAthA TIkA ke anta meM dete haiM, tathA zAstratAtparya vItarAgatA ko batAte haiN| gAthA kI TIkA ke anta meM 'yahAM yaha tAhArya hai" "idamana tAtparya' likhakara siddhAMtaspaSTIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| siddhAMta spaSTIkaraNa karate samaya ve bar3I vilakSaNa baddhi evaM tarka kA prayoga karate haiM tathA bAlabuddhijanoM ko bhI siddhAMta samajha meM A sake, usake lie ve dRSTAMta kA sahArA 1. sAMkhyamana- dekhiye samayagAra gAthA, 332 se 340 taka kI yAtmakhyAti TIkA bAlaza naM. 205 se 207 taka, samayasAra gAthA 2 kI TIkA / vaizeSikamata(pravacanasAra gAthA, 18. samayasAra gAthA 2 kI TIkA / naMyAyikamata-samayasAra gAthA, 2 kI TIkA / bauddhamata-paMcAstikAya gAthA, 38 pravacanasAra gAthA 144 / samayasAra kalaNa 206, 208 tathA samayasAra gAthA 2 bI TIkA / nAstikamata - samayasAra gAthA 2 kI TIkA / praddhaM tabrahmamata - samayasAra gAthA 2 TIkA, syAvAda adhikAra (samavasAra) pariziSTa pRSTha 571 / zvetAmbaramatapaMcAstikAya gAthA 105 tathA tatvArthasAra adhyAya 5, padya krA, 6 / digambara jana zramaNAmAsoM kA khaNDana-332 se 344 gAthA ko TIkA (smysaar)| 2. paMcAstikAya gAthA 172 kI TIkA 3. pravacanasAra gAthA 151 kI TIkA

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154 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva lete haiN| duSTAMta ke sahAre durgama zivAja bhI sugama do lAte haiM, isakA ullekha eka sthala para amRtaM candra ne svayaM kiyA hai / yathA "athaivamamUrtasyApyAtmano bandho bhavatIti siddhAMlayati - yena prakAreNa rUpAdirahino kapINi dravyANi tadguNAMzca pazyati jAnAti ca, tenaiva prakAreNa rUpAdi rahito rutibhiH karmapudgalaH kila badhyate, anyathA katha mamUrto mUrta pazyati jAnAti cetyatrApi paryu nayogaspAnivAryatvAt / na caitadatyaladurghaTasvAhASTAntivIkRtaM, kintu dRSTAMta dvAremAbAlagopAlaprakaTitam / tathAhi yathA bAla sya gopAlakasya vA pRthagavasthitaM mubalIvarda balovardai vA pazyato jAnatazca na balovardena sahAsti sambandhaH, viSaya bhAvAvasthita banIvardanimittopayogAghirUbabalIbardAkAradarzana jJAnasambandho balIvardasaMbaMdhavyavahArasAdhakastvasTova, tathA kilAtmanAMnIrUpatveta sparzazUnyatvAnna karmapudgalaH sahArita saMbaMdhaH, ekAdagAhabhAbAvasthita karmapudgalanimittopayogAdhirUr3ha rAgadveSAdi bhAva sambandhaH karma pudgalabaMdhavyavahAra sAdhakastvastyeva / " uAryakta TIkA meM amRtacandra kI siddhAnazatA spaSTa rUpa se prakaTa hotI hai| 6. eva zreSTha siddhAMtavettA hI aisA vilakSaNa tathA gaMbhIra kathana kara sakatA hai ki arhatAdikI bhakti rUpa zubha rAga - prazastarAga bhI sAkSAt 1. pravacanasAra nAthA 174 kI TIkA-artha-jisa prakAra se khyAdi rahita (jIva) rUpo dravyoM kA, unake guNoM ko dekhatA va jAnatA hai, usI prakAra rUpAdi rahita (jIva) rUpI pudgala kramoM ke sAtha paMztA hai kyoMki yadi aisA na ho to yaha prazna anivArya hogA ki amUla mUrta ko kaise dekhatA hai tathA jAnatA hai ? aura yaha (rUpI-arUpI ke baMgha kI bAta) atyanta durghaTa bhI nahIM hai isaliye use siddhAMtarUpa banAyA hai, paraMtu AbAlagopAla sabhI ko jJAta ho jAya isaliye aSTAMta dvArA samajhAyA gayA hai / jisa prakAra bAlagopAla ke pRthak rahane vAle miTTI ke bala ko prathayA sacce baila ko dekhane jAnane para bala ke sAtha saMbaMdha nahIM hai tathApi viSayarUpa se avasthita baila ke nimitta se upayogAdhirUr3ha bala yAkAra ke darzana jJAna ke sambandha se bala ke g2Atha sambandha vAle vyavahAra kA sApaka abhazya hai, isI prakAra prAtmA arUpIpane ke kAraNa sparza zUnya hone se usakA karbhapudgaloM ke sAtha sambandha nahIM hai, tathApi eka kSetrAvagAhI karmapudgala ke nimitta se upayogArUna rAgAdi bhAvoM ke sAtha sambandha, karmapudgaloM ke sAtha ke vaMdharUpa vyavahAra kA sAdhaka avazya hai|

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] [ 155 mokSa kA bAdhaka - antarAya hai / usakA kAraNa prastuta karate hue ve likhate haiM - "ahaMdAdibhaktimAtrarAgaja nita sAkSAnmokSasyAntarAyadyotanametat / yaH khalvahaMdAdibhakti vidheyabaddhiH san paramasaMyamapradhAnamatitoba tAstapyate, sa tAbanmAvarAgakralikalaDita svAntaH sAkSAnmokSasyAntarAtrIbhUtaM viSayaviSadra mAmodamohitAntaraGaga svargaloke samAsAdya, suciraM rAgAMgAra paccamAno'ntastAmyatIti / " isa vyAkhyA ke pUrva siddhAMtavettA amRtacandra yaha bAta bho samaSTa karate haiM ki ahatAdi kI bhakti parasamaya rUpa pravRtti hone se sAkSAt mokSa ke hetupane se rahita hai, parantu usameM paramparA se mokSa kA hepanA bhI darzAyA gayA hai| yahA~ paramparA se rAga ko mokSa kA kAraNa sunakara rAga ko upAdeya nahIM mAnanA cAhie, balkiA heya hI mAnanA caahiye| jo rasa ahatAdi kI bhaki rUpa prazastarAga ke eka nANa ko bhI upAdeya mAnatA hai athavA jisake hRdaya meM rAgakaNa jIvita hai, vaha bhale ho samasta siddhAMta kA pAraMgata ho tathApi gagarahita (agagI) nija zuddhasvarUpa svasamaya (muddhAtmA) ko vAstava meM nahIM jaantaa| isalie "dhanakI se nipakI huI ruI' ke nyAya ke anusAra, jIva ko svasamaya kI prasiddhi hetu arhatAdi kI bhakti viSayaka bhI rAgareNa kramazaH dUra karane yogya hai :4 vaha rAgareNu anarthaparamparA kA kAraNa hai|' eka sthala para to ve yahAM taka likhate haiM ki isa jagata meM ratnatrayarUpa dharma nirvANa kA hI kAraNa hotA hai, anya gati kA nahIM / ratnatraya ke sAtha jo puNya kA Alaba hotA hai, vaha zubhopayoga kA aparAdha hai|' bhaktirUpa prazasta rAga - zubharAga - puNyabhAva ke viSaya meM itanA khulAsA kathana karanA eka mahAn siddhAMtarettA AcArya amRtacandra jasA kA kAma hai / 1. paMcAstikAya mAthA. 171 2. paMcAstinAya gAthA 170 (... sAkSAmokSahetRtvAbhAve'pi paramparA mokSahetu khagadgAyadyotanametat / / ") 3. vahI gAthA 166 (tataH rAtra saMgakAraNa kA'pi parihaggIyA parasamayapravRtti nibandhanatvaditi"I) 4. yahI gAthA 167 (yasya khalu rAgaregu kaNikA'pi jIvati prameNa gagareNu rapanaraNIyA / ") 5. vahIM gAthA 168 (rAgalavamuladoSaparaMparAkhyAnametat""tatorAgakalibilA samUla evAyamanarthasaMtAna iti"} 6. puruSArthasiddhayupAya gAthA 220- ratsatrayamiha hetunirvANasyeva bhavati nAnyasya / yAtravati yattu puNyaM gubhopayogo'yamaparAdhaH / /

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156 ] / AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva 10. unhoMne apanI TokAmoM meM aneka saiddhAMtika yugaloM kA ullekha evaM spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai| unameM kucha yugaloM ke nAma isa prakAra hai - jJeya-jJAyaka, bodhya-bodhaka, dAhya-dahana, dharma-dharmI, vAcya-vAcaka, jJAna-jAnI, grAhya-grAhaka, vidyArya-bikAravA, AsrAvya-yAsravaka, saMvAryasaMvAraka, nirjarya-nija raka, baMdhya-baMdhaka, mocca-mocaka, sAdhya-sAvaka, badhya-ghAtaka, prameya-pramANa, kartA-karma, puNya-pApa, bhoktA-bhogya, bhAvyabhAvaka, pariNAma-pariNAmI, sva-svAmI saMbaMdha, vyAya-vyApaka, pratipAdyapratipAdaka, niSedhya-niSedhaka, prAcAra-prAdheya, prakaraNa-prAkaraNika, cetyacetaka, utpAdya-utpAdaka, kArya-kAraNa, upAya-upeya, darzana-daSTA, jJAnajJAtA, cetanA-cetayitA, zvatyaH-zvetayitrI, bedya-baidaka, sAdhya-siddhi' viSaya-viSayI, vizeSaNa-vizeSya, abhigheya-abhighAna, lakSya-lakSaNa, daMDabaNDI, siddhi-siddhimat, niSpanna-niSpattimat, vidhImAna-vidhAyikA, kAryakAraNa, liMga-liMgI, vRtti-vRttimAna, jJAna-jJeya, pariNamya-pariNAmaka, utsarga-apavAda, sAmAnya-vizeSa, dRSTAMta-dASTAMta, aMga-aMgI, zeyatatvajAtRtatva, badhaka-mocaka, meca ka-amecaka, eka-aneka, tat-asat, astinAsti, dhana-dhanI, lakSya-lakSaNa, zarIra-zarIrI, guNa-guNI, tyAjyopAdAna, heya-upAdeya ityAdi / isa prakAra itane saiddhAMtika yugaloM kA prayoga evaM spaSTIkaraNa sAmAnya siddhAMtavetA nahIM apitu vizeSa siddhAMtajJa hI kara sakatA hai| anyatra pratikramaNa, AlocanA tathA pratyAsthAna kalpoM kA vivecana 46-46 bhaMgoM dvArA kiyA gayA hai| kuta, kArita tathA anumodanA ke 7 bhaMga banAye tathA mana, vacana aura kAya ke 7 bhaMga' banAye tathA una 1. samayasAra gAthA kramAMka 6, 7, 8, 10, 31. 10, 74, 23, 85 207, 75, 275, 163, 197, 264, 311, 415, (pariziSTa) 2. pravacanamAra gAthA 40, 85, 86, 15, 106, 122, 142, 126. 165, 174, 161, 166, 200, 215, 233, 242, 275, bI ttokaaeN| 3. mamabasAra gAthA 425 ke bAda kA pariziSTa tathA kalaza kramAMka 248 se 255 tk| 4. paMcAstikApa gAthA 6, 47, 127, 145, 161 ityAdi kI ttiikaaeN| 5. samayasAra gAtha 387 se 389 kI TIkAH-7 maMga isa prakAra banate haiM (1) kRta (2) kArita (3) anumodanA (4) kRta-kArita (5) kRta anumodanA (6) kArita manumodanA (7) kRtakArita anumodanA / isI taraha (1) mana (2) bacana (3) kAya (4) mana vacana (5) mana kAya (6) vacana kAya (7) mana vacana kaam|

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] / 157 donoM ko paraspara meM badala badala kara prayoga karane se 747 = 46 bhaMga taiyAra hote haiN| yaha bhaMganirmANa vidhi bho kAphI zrama tathA vizeSabuddhigamya hai| ina sabhI ullekhoM tathA pramANoM ke AdhAra para prAcArya amRtacandra niHsaMdeha rUpa se utkRSTa siddhAMtA pramANita hote haiN| eka sthala para unakA nAma "siddhAMta vizArada" pada se vibhUSita kiyA gayA hai| AcArya amRtacandra jisa prakAra praur3hatama evaM gabhIratama AdhyAtmika siddhAMtoM ke jJAtA tathA rasika the, uso prakAra dArzanika siddhAMtoM ke bhI ve utkRSTa adhikArI vidvAna th| isakA prabala pramANa yahI hai ki unhoMne AdhyAtmika siddhAntoM kA rahasya samayasAra kI TIkA dvArA udghATita kiyA hai tathA dArzanika siddhAntoM kA marma pravacanasAra, paMcAstikAya kI TIkAoM tathA tatvArthasAra nAmaka kRti dvArA abhivyakta kiyA hai| unhoMne siddhAntoM ko mAtra vANI kA vilAsa nahIM banAyA, apitu unheM apane jIvana meM utArA thA, isIlie eka sthala para mokSamArga kA digdarzana karAte huye likhA hai ki usa nobhA ke praNezA hama khaI hai : paM dravyAnuyoga aura caraNAnuyoga ke sAmaMjasya ke prabala samarthaka rahe haiN| isakA pramANa nimna padya hai - (basaMtatilakA chanda) dravyAnasAri caraNaM caraNAnasAri dravyaM mitho dvayamidaM nana savyapekSam / tasmAnmumukSuradhirohatu mokSamArga, dravyaM pratItya yadi vA caraNaM pratItya / / 1. ina donoM ke paraspara bhinna bhinna saMyoga viyoga dvArA 46 bhaMga tayAra hote haiM / (vahI gAthA 36) 2. dekhiye :-- kannar3a prAMtIya tAr3apatrIya grantha sUcI - prastAvanA, pRSTha 15 3. pravacanasAra gAthA 201 kI TIkA :-- iti arhata siddhAbAyopAdhyAyasAdhanA prativandanAtmaka namaskAra purassaraM vizuddhadarzanajJAna pradhAnaM sAmyanAma nAmaNyamatrAntaragranthasaMdarbhobhaya saMbhAvita sosthityaM svayaM pratipanna pareSAmAsmApi yadi duHnamokSArthI tathA tatpratipadyatAM yathAnubhUtasya tatpratipattivarmanaH praNetAro vayamime tiSyAma iti // " arthAt isa prakAra prahantoM, sijoM, prAcAryoM, upAdhyAyoM tathA sAdhuoM ko praNAma vaMdanAtmaka namaskArapUrvaka vizuddhadarzanajJAnapradhAna sAmganAmaka zrAmaNya ko jisakA isa grantha ke (jJAnatattva tathA jJa yatasva rUpa) do maMdoM dvArA avasthApana huaA hai, use svayaM aMgIkAra kiyA, usI prakAra dUsaroM kA bhAtmA bhI, yadi duHkhoM se mukta hone kA icchuka hai to use aMgIkAra kre| usa dhAmaNya ko aMgIkAra karane kA jo yathAnubhUta mArga hai usake praNetA hama yaha khar3e haiN|

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Saini 158 j [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitava evaM kartRtva (indrayaccA chaMda dravyasya siddhau caraNasya siddhiH / dranyasya siddhizcaraNasya siddhau // buddhati karmAviratA: pare'pi, dravyAviruddhaM caraNaM caraMtu / / ' isake atirikta mugyAne zrAvakoM ke tathA gauNapane muniyoM ke AdhAra kA nirUpaka 'puruSArthasiddhayapAna' nAmaka zreSTha grantha bhI isakA sabala pramANa hai ki AcArya amRtacandra eka gambhIra siddhAntajJa the| prAcArya amRtacandra gyAkaraNajJa ke rUpa meM saMskRta sAhitya kI vibhinna vidhAoM meM vyAkaraNa kA sthAna sarvopari hai / anya vidhAoM ke vidvAna mUlabha haiM, parantu vyAkaraNa meM dakSa vidvAn ine-gine hI hote haiM, kAraNa ki vyAkaraNa eka atyaMta kliSTa tathA zuSka viSaya mAnA gayA hai| usameM pAraGgatatA sabhI ko nahIM hotii| vyAkaraNa kI dakSanA binA koI bhI vidvAn kisI bhI bhASA kA adhikArI vidvAna nahIM ho sktaa| AcArya amRtacandra kA vyaktitva apane aneka pakSoM meM eka pakSa vyAkaraNa vizeSajJa kA bhI samAhita kiye haiN| unakI vyAkaraNajJatA ke kucha AdhAroM kA ullekha kiyA jAtA hai| 1. AcArya amRtacandra apanI TIkAnoM meM kabhI-kabhI eka-eka pada kI vyAkhyA samArA vigraha zailI dvArA karate haiN| ve aneka prakAra ke samAsavigraha karake pada-zabda meM nihita bhAva ko prakaTa karate haiN| udAharaNa ke lie eka sthala para "aNumahAn' pada kI vyAkhyA karate huye likhane haiM-- "aNavo'tra pradezA mUrtA'mUzci nivibhAgAMzAstaiH mahAnto 'NumahAntaH / " arthAta yahAM aNu kA pradeza mUrta aura amUrta nivibhAga (choTe-choTe) aMza haiM, unake dvArA mahAn hone se aNumahAna hai arthAt pradezapracayAtmaka hone se aNumahAna hai, isa prakAra una pAMcoM (jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma tathA AkAza) dravyoM ke kAyapanA (bahupradezIpanA) siddha huaa|' be isI pada kI vyAkhyA punaH karate huye likhate haiM-"aNubhyAM mahAnta iti vyutpatyA dvayaNu kapudgalaskaMdhAnAmapi tathAvidhatvam / " arthAt do aNuoM (pradezoM) dvArA jo mahAn hai vaha aNumahAna hai| isa prakAra vyutpatti dvArA dvayaNuka 1. pravacanasAra gAthA 200 kI TIkA, padya naM 12 tathA 13 2. paMcAstikAya gAthA 4 kI TIkA

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] pudgalaskaMdhoM ko bho (aNu mahAnapanA hone se) kAyapanA siddha hai|' amRtacandra eka kuzala vyAkaraNajJa hone se ve prathama vyutpatti meM utpanna zaMkA ko dUra karane ke liye vitIya vyutpati prastuna karate haiM 1 zaMkA yaha hai ki aNumahAn kI yutti meM pradezoM (aNuproM) ke lie bahuvacana kA upayoga kiyA hai, jabaki saMskRta vyAkaraNa ke niyamAnusAra dvivacana kA samAveza bahuvacana meM nahIM hotA, isaliye punaH vyatpatti meM parivartana karake dvi-aNuka skaMdhoM ko bhI kAyatva siddha kiyaa| Age phira se paramANuoM ke kAyapane kI siddhi karane hetu tRtIya vyutpatti prastuta karate hue va likhate haiM-"praNavazca mahAntazca vyaktizakti rUpAbhyAmiti paramANanAmenApradezAtmakatve'pi tasidbhiH / "2 arthAta pakti aura zakti rUpa se aNu tathA mahAn hone se (athavA paramANu vyakti rUpa se eka pradezI tathA zakti rUpa se aneka pradezI hone ke kAraNa } paramANuoM ko bhI, unake ekapradezIpanA hone para bhI praNumahAna panA - kAyapanA siddha hotA hai| 2. eka kuzala vaiyAkaraNa kI vyAkhyA vyutpatti athavA nirUkti paraka huA karatA hai / pUrva meM unako vyutpattiparaka zailI kI carcA kA ullekha kiyA jA cukA hai / yahA~ phira bhI unako ukta vyAkhyApaddhati kA eka sundara udAharaNa prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai / drantra pada kI vyAkhyA kArate huye ve likhate haiM-"dravati gacchati sAmAnyarUpeNa svarUpeNa vyApnoti, tAMstAn krama zuvaH sahabhuvazca sadbhAva paryAyAn svabhAvavizeSAnityAnugatArthayA niruktyA dravyaM vyAkhyAtam / ' arthAt jI dravita hotA hai prApta hotA hai, sAmAnyarUpa svarUpa se jo vyApta hotA hai, vaha dravya hai|" isa prakAra ("dra" dhAtu kA anusaraNa karane vAlo) anugata artha bAlI nirukti se dravya kI vyAkhyA kI gaI hai| isI prakAra dravya-guNa tathA paryAya meM eka hI arthavAcIpanA pAyA jAtA hai, isake spaSTIkaraNa hetu ve bar3I kuzalatA ke sAtha "R" dhAtu se "artha" pada kI niSpatti dikhAte hue likhate haiM-'tatra guNaparyAyAniryati guNaparyAyaraya'nta iti vA arthA dravyANi, dravyANyAzrayatveneti dravya rAzrayabhUtararyanta iti vA arthI guNAH, dravyANi 1. vahI, gAthA 4 kI TIkA 2. vahIM, mAthA 4 kahI TIkA 3. paMcAstivAya gAthA ha kI TIkA

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160 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva pariNAmeneti dravyaiH kramapariNAmenAryanta iti vA arthAH paryAyAH / " uparokta aMga meM "R" dhAtu se vibhinna pratyaya parivartita karake "artha", yati aryantaH iti tathA arthamANaM zabdoM kI niSpati kI gaI hai jo eka kuzala vaiyAkaraNa ke dvArA hI sambhava hai / J 2. amRtacandra ke vAGamaya meM adhikAMza pratyayoM ke prayoga se niSpanna zabda upalabdha haiM / unameM kucha pratyayoM ke nAma haiM- ktvA, utamac zatR, zAnac, "mat, yat, tumun, Iyasun, aN ita tathA anya aneka taddhita-kRdanta pratyaya ityAdi / unake dvArA vyAkaraNa se sambandhita sabhI prakAra ke niyamoM, prayogoM tathA sUkSmatAoM kA bhalIbhAMti nirvahana kiyA gayA hai / pracalita zabdAvali, vibhinna upasargoM se nirmita vibhinnArthaka pada, sabhI prakAra kI saMdhi, samAsa, bArUda saMjJA, vizeSaNa Adi saMjJAoM kA kriyArUpa meM prayoga jaise - AtmIkurvan jJeyokurvan, jJAnIkurvan sUtrayati sUtrayiSyate, AsUtrayate, AsUtrayati kakSIkriyate, dravIkuryuH, hemIkriyeran paryAyekuryuH, paryAya mAtrI kiyet ityAdi prayogoM se unakI vyAkaraNazatA bhalIbhAMti vidita hotI hai / J " t 4. ve SaTkArakoM ke prayoga dvArA kliSTatama siddhAMta ko bhI bar3I cAturI ke sAtha samajhA dete haiM / yathA eka sthala para dravya tathA guNoM meM anyapane kA vyapadeza (kathana) hone para bhI ve sarvathA ekAMtarUpa se anya nahI hote, apitu unameM ananyapanA bhI ghaTita hotA hai, isakA spaSTIkaraNa karate ve likhate haiMhue 4 "vyapadezAdInAmekAMtena dravyaguNAnyatva nibaMdhanatvamatra pratyAkhyA - tam / yathA devadattasya gaurityattve SaSThIvyapadeza:, tathA vRkSasyazAkhA, 1. pracalanasAra gAthA 87 kI TIkA - artha unameM jo guNoM ko aura paryAyoM ko prApta karate haiM-pahu~cate haiM prathavA jo guNoM aura paryAyoM ke dvArA prApta kiye jAte hai -hu~ce jAte haiM aise artha ve dravya haiM, jo dravyoM ko grAzraya rUpa meM prApta karate haiM-pahu~cate haiM athavA jo prAzrayabhUta dravyoM ke dvArA prApta kiye jAte haiMpahu~ca jAte haiM airo artha ke guNa haiM tathA jo dathyoM ko kramapariNAma se prApta karate haiM-pahuMce haiM prathavA jo dravyoM ke dvArA kramapariNAma ko prApta kiye jAte hUM, pahu~ce jAte haiM aise artha va paryAya haiM / 3. vahI, gAyA 137 kI TIkA 2. pravacanasAra gAthA 200 ko TokA 4. pravacanasAra gAthA 111 kI TIkA

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva / dravyasya guNA ityananyatve'pi / yathA devadattaH phalamaDa kuzana dhanadatAya vRkSAvATikAyAmavacinItItyanyatve kArakaH vyapadezaH, tathA mRttikApaTabhAvaM svayaM svena svaramaM svasmAt svasmin karotItyAtmAtmAnamAtmanAtmane Atmana prAmini jAnAsyAsyamidA prazavarattasya prAMzumauM rityatyatve saMsthAnaM, tathA prAMzovRkSasya prAMzuH zAkhAbharo murta dravyasyamUrtA guNA ityanyatve'pi yathaikasya devadattasya dazagAva ityanyatve saMkhyA, tathai kasya vRkSasya dazazAkhA:, ekasya dravyasyAnantA guNA ityanyatve'pi / yathA goSThaM gAva ityanyatve viSayaH, tathA vRkSe zAkhA: dravye gaNAH ityanyatve'pi / tato na vyapadezAdayo dravyaguNAnAM vastutvena bhedaM sAghavaMtIti"1 SaTkArakoM ke aise prayoga gadya meM hI nahIM, padya meM bhI ve karate haiM aura usake dvArA apane siddhAMta ko spaSTa kara dete haiN| udAharaNa ke lie tattvArthasAra(upasaMhAra) ke nimna zlokoM meM guNaguNI ke bheda ko gauNa karake abhedavivakSA se Atmar ko darzana, jJAna aura cAritra rUpa nirUpita karate huye likhA hai ki pazyati svasvarUpa yo jAnAti ca caratyapi / darzanajJAna cAritratrayamAtmaiva saH smRtaH / / / / 1zyati svarUpaM yaM jAnAti ca caratyapi / darzanajJAnacAritratrayamAtmaiva tanmayaH || 6|| 1. paMcAstikAya gAthA 46 kI TIkA- artha-vyapadeza Adi mAtra se dravya va guNoM ke anyAne ke prasaMga kA khaNDana kiyA hai| jaise "devadatta kI mAma" irA prakAra ke anyapane meM SaSThI kA dhyapradeSA hotA hai, meM se hI "vRkSa kI mAlA" mA 'dravya ke guNa" isa prakAra ke ananyapane meM bhI ghaSThI kA vyapadeza hotA hai| usI taraha "miTTI svayaM paTabhAma' ko apane dvArA, apane liye, apane meM se, apane meM karatI hai, tathA AtmA, AtmA ko, yAtmA yArA, prAtmA ke liye, pAramA meM se, prAtmA meM jAnanA hai" aise ananyapane meM bhI kAraka vyapadeza hotA hai / jisa prakAra "Uve devadatta kI UMcI gAya" aisA anyapane meM saMsthAna hotA hai, usI prakAra vizAlanakSa kA vizAla zAkhAsamudAya, mulaM dravya ke mUrtaguNa, aise mananyapane meM bhI saMsthAna hotA hai / jisa prakAra "eka devadatta kI dasa gAyeM" aise anyapane meM bhI saMkhyA hotI hai, jisa prakAra bAr3e meM gAyeM" aise anyapane meM viSaya (aAdhAra) hotA hai, usI prakAra "vRkSa meM zAkhAyeM" dravma meM guNa aise anvapane meM bhI viSA (prAdhAra) hotA hai, isalie vyapadezAdi mAtra se dravya tathA guNoM meM bheda siddha nahIM hotA /

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162 ] [ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM karta tva dazyate yena rUpeNa jJAyate caryate'pi ca / darzanajJAnacAritratrayamAtmaiva tanmayaH / / 10 / yasmai pazyati jAnAti svarUpAya caratyapi / darzanajJAna cAritratrayamAtmaiva tanmayaH / / 11 / / yasmAtpazyati jAnAti svaM svarUpAccaratyapi / darzanalAnanAriyagAramena tanmayaH !!12 / ! yasya pazyati jAnAti svarUpasya carasyapi / darzana jJAna cAritrayamAtmaiva tanmayaH // 13 // yasmin pazyati jAnAti svasvarUpe ca ratya pi / darzanajJAnacAritrazyamAtmaiva tanmayaH / / 14 / / isa prakAra uparokta 7 padoM meM ''yad" pulliga sarvanAma pada ke eka vacana kI sAtoM vibhaktiyoM ke rUpoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, sAtha hI AtmA ko darzana-jJAna tathA cAritra guNarUpa trayAtmaka evaM abheda siddha kiyA gayA hai |ttpshcaat padya kramAMka 15 se lekara 20 taka meM kramazaH darzana jJAnacAritrarUpa kriyA, guNa, paryAya, pradeza, aruladhuguNa tathA dhrauvyautpAda-vyaya ina padoM ke parivartana ke sAtha pUrvavat zlokoM kI punarAvRttiH ho gaI hai| isa prakAra unakI vyAkaraNa sambandhI kuzalatA spaSTa prakaTa hotI hai| prAcArya pramatacandra adhyAtmarasika ke rUpa meM AcArya amRtacandra ke bahumukhI vyaktitva kA sarvAdhika zreSTha pahalU unakA "adhyAtmara sika' honA hai / "adhyAtma" kA vyutpatyartha hai "prAtmA kI sImA meM rahanA" | AcArya amRtacandra kA sampUrNa jIvana evaM TokA sAhitya prAtmAnubhUti kA darpaNa hai / samayasAra kI prAtmakhyAti TIkA ke maMgalAcaraNa meM TIkAkAra ne "svAnubhUtyA cakAsate" pada dvArA anubhUti dvArA prakaTa hone vAle nijazuddhAtmA ko namaskAra kiyA hai| unakI TIkA racanA kA uddezya bhI nijAtmAnubhUti dvArA paramavizuddhatA pAnA hai tathA usa vizuddhatA kI prApti hetu syAtpada mudrAMkita jinendra ke vacanoM meM ramaNa karanA jarUrI hai| jina vacanoM meM ramaNa karane se zIna 1. samayasAra kalaza, 3

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dhyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] [ 163 hI ucca jyotisvarUpa zuddhAtmA (samayasAra) ke darzana hote haiN| aisI Atmajyoti kA darzana TIkAkAra pada-pada para karate haiN| isa prAtmajyoti ke anubhava meM ekamAtra (ata) AtmA hI prakAzita hotA hai, anya samasta vikalpa chUTa jAte haiN| prAcArya prabhRtacandra aisI anubhUti prakaTa karane kI kalyANakArI preraNA sampUrNa jagat ko dete haiN| ve likhate haiM ki bhagavAna prAtmA kI mahimA AtmAnabhavagamya hai| tathA anabhava yA anabhUti zuddhanayarUpa hai, use hI jJAnAnabhUti kahate haiN| ataH apanI prAtmA ko apano prAtmA meM acala rUpa se sthira kara dekhane para apanA AtmA sarva ora se sadA eka jJAnaghana hI anubhava meM AtA hai| aisI anubhUti unheM nirantara hotI rahatI hai, isIlie ve spaSTa ghoSaNA karate haiM ki use "satataM anabhavAmaH"hama hamezA anabhava karate haiN| AcAyeM amRtacandra adhyAtmarasa ke rasika to the hI, sAtha hI samagra jagata ko bhI isa adhyAtma rasa kA rasAsvAda karane kI preraNA dete hae ve likhate haiM - "yaha sampUrNa jagat aba to isa anAdikAlIna moha ko chor3akara adhyAtma rasikoM ko rUcikara bhedajJAna kA AsvAdana kreN|" unakI adhyAtma rasikatA kA jvalaMta pramANa yahI hai ki ve cAhate haiM ki jagat ke prANI kisI prakAra bhI, yahA~ taka ki marakara ke bhI guddhAtmAmubhuti kI prApti hetu kautuhalI (jijJAsu) mAtra bho bana jAveM, to eka muhUrtamAna meM paradravya-parabhAvoM se pRthak prakAzamAna apane AtmA ko dekhakara usakA anubhava kara sakate haiM aura paradravyoM ke sAtha kI ekatvabuddhi-mohabhAva ko svayaM hI zIghra chor3a sakate haiN|' AtmAnubhUti ke (Ananda) ko prakaTa karate hue ve likhate haiM - "maiM sarvAGga meM Atmarasa se paripUrNa apane eka svarUpa ko svayaM saMcetana anubhava karatA huuN| mohajanyabhAva mere koI nahIM hai koI nahIM hai, maiM to zuddha caitanyarasa kA mahodaghi huuN| 5. isa prakAra samasta paradravyoM ke bhAvoM ke sAtha bhinnatva kA jJAna ho jAne para apanA yaha upayoga svayaM apane eka svarUpa ko hI 1. samayasAra kalaza 4 2. vahI, kalaza 8 3. vahI, kalA 4. vahI, kalaza, 11 5. vahI, kalaza 12 6. vahI, kalaza 13 7. aho, kalaza, 20 8. vahI, kalaza 22 9. vahIM, kalaza 23 10, vahI, kalaza, 30

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164 ] [ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva dhAraNa karatA hai| sAtha hI paramArthasvarUpa ko pragaTakara, samyagdarzana-jJAnacAritrarUpa pariNati apanI AtmA kI sImA meM pravRtta hotI hai / isa AtmA kI sImA meM pravRtta honA hI adhyAtma kA rasa hai, jisake rasika AcArya amRtacandra haiN| AcArya amRtacandra ne adhyAtma kI gaMgA pravAhita kI hai| unakI AdhyAtmika TIkAeM evaM maulika kRtiyAM paravartI lekhakoM, vidvAnoM tathA mumukSuoM koM adhyAtma kI ora AkRSTa karane meM saphala huI haiN| yadi AcArya kundakunda ke AdhyAtmika vAGamaya para AcArya amRtacandra ne parama AdhyAtmika, gambhIra tathA praur3ha TIkAe na racI hoto, to adhyAtma gaMgA kA pravAha aba taka avaruddha athavA luptaprAyaH ho gayA hotA, parantu Aja eka hajAra varSa ke bAda bhI amRtarasa bharI amarakRtiyA~ adhyAtmasaritA ke ajasra srota ke rUpa meM vidyamAna haiM tathA agaNita bhavyAtmAoM ko kalyANa patha para agrasara karatI haiN| unake vyaktitva se prabhAvita evaM anuprANita lekhakoM kI tAlikA dekhane para jJAta hotA hai ki AcArya amRtacandra kI adhyAtma rasikatA adhyAtmajagat ko dinakara sadRza prakAzadAyinI, candramA kI cAMdanI sadRza zAMtidAyinI, tathA kaSAya saMtapta jagat ko surasarivat zItalatA pradAyanI hai| unakI adhyAtma rasikatA kA eka sabase bar3A pramANa yaha bhI hai ki jina-jina kRtiyoM tathA bhASyoM kI racanA unake dvArA haI, una sabhI ke anta meM amatacandra ne apane kartApane kA niSedha kiyA tathA kartava ke samasta mohajanya vikalpoM se pare nirvikalpa samAdhirUpa nijasvarUpa meM lInatA ke prAnanda ko hI abhivyakta kiyaa| unhoMne svayaM ko granthakartA yA vyAkhyAtA amRtacandra na likhakara "svarUpagupta amRtacandra" likhA hai jo unakI adhyAtma rasa kI mastI ko pragaTa karatA hai| tIna loka tIna kAla meM jagat ke samasta padArthoM meM nijazuddhAtmA se zreSTha anya koI padArtha nahIM hai na khalu samayasArAdattaraM kiMcidasti" aisA unakA vacana thA / ve yahA~ taka likhate haiM ki adhika bAta karane (vikalpoM) se aba basa hoo arthAt adhika carcA banda karo, nAnA prakAra ke vikalpoM ko bhI 1. samayasAra kalaza, 31 2. prArama khyAti kalaza TIkA, tattvapradIpikA TIkA tathA samayacyAkhyA TIkA ke aMtima padya-- "svarUpa guptasya na hi kiMcidasti kartavyamevAmRtacandrasUreH / "

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva / [ 165 basa karo- chodd'o| yaha eka mAtra paramArtha-paramatattva (AtmA) hai, usakA hI sadA anubhava karo, kyoMki vahI sarvazreSTha hai| apane catanyarasa ke vistAra se paripUrNa jJAna dvArA bisphurita muvizuddha paramAtmatattva se zreSTha utkRSTa - sArabhUta kicit koI padArtha nahIM hai / ' zuddhAtmasvarUpa ke pradarzaka samayamAra zAstra kI TIkA ko ve sampUrNa jagat kA prasAzaka (dekhane vAlA) eka mAtra cakSu nirUpati karate haiM, kyoMki vaha vijJAnaghanasvarUpa, Ananda se paripUrNa, akSaya AtmA kI pratyakSa dikhAtA hA pUrNatA ko prApta hotA hai / isa grantha meM isa Atmatatva kA pratipAdana hunA tathA AtmA ko jJAnamAtra siddha kiyA gyaa| vaha AtmA akhaMDita, ekarUpa, nirAbAgha tathA svayaM dvArA anabhava vArane yogya hai / amRtacandra kI adhyAtma rasikatA pratyeka kRti meM prasphuTita haI hai| pravacanasAra kI TIkA ke prArambha meM bhI udghoSaNA karate haiM ki paramAnaMda rUpa sudhArasa ke pipAsu bhagyajanoM ke hita ke lie tattvapradIpikA nAmaka TIkA racI jA rahI hai, jisameM adhyAtmatattva kA spaSTa rUpeNa prakaTIkaraNa kiyA jA rahA hai| yadyapi amRtacandrakRta mabhI maulika athavA TIkAkRtiyoM meM unakI adhyAtma rasikatA kA rasa bharA hai, tathApi samayasAra kI AtmanyAti TIkA meM amRtacandra kI adhyAtmarasikatA kA rasasamudra sarvatra laharAtA pratIta hotA hai tathA ve usameM kabhI tairate, kabhI koDA karate to kabhI hubakI lagAte dikhAI dete haiN| prAtmakhyAti TIkA kI racanA adhyAtma kI mastI ke samaya kI gaI hai, isalie usameM Agata gadyapadya, chanda, rasa, alaMkAra tathA mAdhuryAdiguNa sabhI adhyAtma rasa se page evaM adhyAtmarasa' ke utkarSAdhAyaka haiN| isa sabhI kI savistAra carcA 1. alamala patijalya vikalparatalparamiha paramArthazcetyatAM nityamekaH / ____ madarasavirArapUrNajJAnavisphUtimAvAna khalu samayasArAdutaraM kiMcidasti / / 244 / / - samayasAra kalaza 2. idameka jagaccakSurakSayaM yAti pUrNatAm / vijJAnaghanamAnandamayamadhyakSatAM nayat / / 245 / / samayasAra kalaza 3. itIdamAtmanastattvaM jJAnamAtramanasthitam / prakhaMDamekamacalaM svasaMvedyamabAdhitam / / 246 / / samayasAra kalaza 4. paramAnandasudhArasa pipAmitAnAM hitAya bhadhyAnAm / kriyate prakaTitatattvA pravadhanasArasya vRttirimam / / 3 / / pravacanasAra TIkA

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166 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva yathAsamaya Age kI gaI hai| isa taraha AcArya amRtacandra kA eka pahalU adhyAtma rasika kA bhI hai| prAcArya amRta candra kA prabhAva AcArya amRtacandra ke vizAla vyaktitva kA prabhAva unake paravartI prAcAryoM, muniyoM, bhaTTArakoM tathA anekAneka vidvAnoM para pdd'aa| unake sarvatomukhI vyaktitva se prabhAvita lekhakoM ne apanI kRtiyoM meM amRtacandra kA anukaraNa kiyaa| kucha ne unake siddhAMtajJAna kA anukaraNa kiyA, kucha ne unheM pramANarUpeNa prastuta kiyA, kucha unakI adhyAtma rasikatA se AkarSita hue, kucha unake vAGamaya meM nihita sAhityika vaiziSTayoM ko apanAne lage, anekoM ne unakI jalI meM sAhitya sRjana kiyA, aneka vidvAnoM ne unakI bhUri-bhUri prazaMsA ko aura kaI unake dvArA bitarota paramAnaMdarUpa adhyAtma guNAma ke bane . kAma kI, paramparA kAla-vyApI, kSetra-vyApI tathA janamAnasa-vyApI rahI / kAlApekSA unakA prabhAva adyAvadhi vartamAna hai, jo lagabhaga eka hajAra varSa se nirantara AtmahitaiSiyoM ko anuprANita evaM prabhAvita karatA A rahA hai| kSetrApekSA samagna bhAratavarSa kA konA-konA unakI kRtiyoM se preraNA pAtA rahA hai / itanA hI nahIM, unake prabhAva meM kucha videzI vidvAna bhI Aye, jinhoMne AcArya amatacandra kI kRtiyoM kA adhyayana, manana, sampAdana, bhASAntaraNa, prakAzana evaM pracAra-prasAra kiyA hai / isa dRSTi se amerikA, jarmanI, iMglaiMDa, aphrikA Adi ke vidvAnoM ke nAma ullekhya haiM, jinakA vistRta paricaya Age karAyA gayA hai| AdhyAtmika jagat ke janamAnasoM ke be hRdayahAra rahe haiN| unakI kRtiyA~ amRtarasa ke jalAzaya ko bhAMti kaSAyasaMtaptajanoM ko alaukika zAMti-zItalatA evaM sukhapradAyinI haiM / be sAhitya rasikoM ke lie camatkArI, vidvAnoM ke lie manAMhAro tathA prAtmakalyANecchaka janoM ko saMjIvanI samAna samAna lAbhakArI haiN| AcArya amRtacandra ke vyaktitva tathA kRtiyoM kA vyApaka prabhAva - unakI racanAoM ke aneka bhASA meM prakAzana, aneka saMskaraNa tathA lAkhoMkaror3oM kI saMkhyA meM mudraNa se pramANita hotA hai| unakI isa prabhAva paramparA ko tIna zreNiyoM meM vibhAjita kara prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai| ve zreNiyAM haiM AcArya va munivarga, bhaTTArakavarga tathA vidvatsamAja /

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] ---- pramRtacandra kA zrAcArya - munivarga para prabhAva devasenAcArya para prabhAva ( 863-643 IsvI) AcArya devasena amRtacandra ke kucha bAda hI hue haiN| unakA samaya jainendra siddhAMta kozakAra ne 863 se 642 IsvI ke bIca likhA hai| Apa prasiddha AcAryoM meM gine jAte haiM / Apa ghabalATIkAkAra AcArya vIrasena ke ziSya the| Apa zro vimalagaNI ke ziSya tathA amitagati prathama ke putra the| ApakI racanAoM meM darzanasAra bhAvasaMgraha, ArAdhanAsAra, tattvasAra, jJAnasAra, nayacakra ( prAkRta meM ), AlApapaddhati (saMskRta meM ) tathA dharma saMgraha ( saMskRta- prAkRta meM) mukhya haiM / ukta AcArya devasena para AcArya amRtacandra kA prabhAva spaSTa parilakSita hotA hai / isake kucha AdhAra nimnAnusAra haiM 13 [ 167 1. jisataraha AcArya zramRtacandra ke puruSArthasiddhyupAya" grantha kA aparanAma " jinapravacana rahasyakoza" hai, usI prakAra AcArya devasena kI "AlApapaddhati" nAmaka kRti kA bhI aparanAma "dravyAtuyogapravezikA" hai jo eka prakAra se grantha ke do nAmoM ke pracalana kA anukaraNa hai jo devasena meM prAcArya amRtacandra kI kRtiyoM se kiyA hai / 2. AcArya devasena amRtacandra kI kRtiyoM se paricita the| kyoMki AlApaddhati meM nizcayanaya aura vyavahAranaya ke bheda-prabhedoM kA jo kathana hai, vaha zramRtacandrAcArya dvArA samayasAra kI TIkA "AtmakhyAti" meM pratipAdita tattvavyavasthA ke AdhAra para racA gayA pratIta hotA hai| usase pahale kisI bhI grantha meM una bheda-prabhedoM kA kathana nahIM hai / jinameM ukta kathana hai, ve grantha prAyaH AlApapaddhati ke pazcAt ke haiM / 3 3. amRtacandra ne apane grantha puruSArthaddhiyupAya meM "ahiMsA" tathA hiMsA ke vizada vivecana ke antargata do pratyanta mahattvapUrNa zloka likhe haiM, jinameM kahA hai ki atyanta kaThinatA se pAra ho sakane vAle, aneka prakAra ke bhaMgoM (bhedoM) se yukta gahna vana meM mArga bhUle hue puruSa ko, aneka prakAra ke nayasamUha ke jJAtA zrIguru hI zaraNa hote haiN| jinendra bhagavAna kA atitIkSNa dhAravAlA aura duHsAdhya nayacakra dhAraNa karane vAle mithyA 1. jainendra siddhAMta koza bhAga-1, pRSTha 337 2. jainendra siddhAMta koza bhAga-2, pRSTha 446 3. jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa bhAga - 2, pRSTha 102-103

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168 ] i AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva jJAnI puruSa ke mastaka ko zIghra hI khaNDa-khaNDa kara detA hai|' ukta arthavAhI zlokoM meM "prabuddhanaya cakrasaMcArA: guruvo zaraNaM bhavanti" tathA "jinavarasya nayacakram" likhakara prAtmahilai SI tattvajijJAsu janoM ko sAvadhAna kiyA hai| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki amRtacandra ke anuvartI AcArya devasena ne "AlApa paddha" aranAma 'pAnImA pravezikA" gnandha racakara prabuddhanayacakra jJAtA ke rUpa meM nayacakra kA bar3I sAvadhAnI se sacAra kiyA hai| sAtha hI "nayacakra' nAmaka grantha racakara jinendradeva ke mahana, tIkSNadhArayukta, syAtpada dvArA sAdhya "naya cakra" kA digdarzana karAyA hai| ukta donoM granthoM meM nayasaMbaMdhI bheda-abheda sahita vizad spaSTIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| isase yaha bhI siddha hotA hai ki devasena ne amRtacandra ke zabdoM meM "prabuddhanaya cakrasaMcArAH guruvaH" pada ko sArthaka kiyA hai| ve svayaM 'AlApapaddhati" anya racanA dvArA prabuddhaguru bane haiM tathA "jinavarasyanayacakra' ko nayacakra grantha racakara spaSTa kiyA hai / isa prakAra prAcArya amRtacandra kA prabhAva devasenAcArya para spaSTataH dRSTigocara hotA hai| prAcArya amitagati prathama para prabhAva (61-668 IsvI) - AcArya amitagati-prathama mAthurasaMgha ke vidvAn devasena ke ziSya the / unakA ekamAtra graMtha yogasAra hai / unakA samaya vikrama kI gyArahavIM zatI kA prathama caraNa hai / AcArya amRtacandra kA prabhAva amitagati prathama para thaa| unake yogasAra graMtha meM AcArya amRtacandra ke tatvArthasAra tathA samayasArAdi kI TIkAoM kA prabhAva lakSita hotA hai| unhoMne apane ukta grantha kI racanA tatvArthasAra tathA samayasArA di TIkAoM ke bhAvoM ko grahaNa kara ko hai / 4 isase amitagati prathama kA amRtacandra se prabhAvita honA jJAta hotA hai / 1. iti vividhabhaMgagahane sudustare mAgaM mur3hadRSTinAm / guruvo bhavanti zaraNaM prabuddhanamacakra saMcArA / / 5 / / atyanta nizitadhAra durAsadaM jinayarasya nayacakrama / khaDayati dhAryamANaM mUrdhAnaM jhaTiti dhurvidagdhAnAm / / 56 / / puruSAyaMsiddhyupAya 2. purAtana jainavAkya sUcI, prastAvanA, pRSTha 126 3. jaina sAhitya kA prAcIna itihAsa, paM. paramAnanda, pRSTha 204 4. tatvAnuzAsana, prastAvanA, paM. jugala kizora, puSTha 34

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in inimisolneswaSE M vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] / 166 AcArya prabhAcanda para prabhAva (980-1065 IsvI) - prAcArya prabhAcandra eka mahAn tAkikA, naiyAyika tathA dArzanika bidvAna the| unakA samaya IsvI 890 se 1065 ke bIca nirNIta hai| unake do prakAra ke grantha upalabdha hote haiM, maulika tathA TIkAgrantha / unameM prameya kamalamArtaNDa, nyAyakumudacandra, natvArthavRtti pada vivaraNa, zabdAmbhoja bhAskara, pravacanasArasa rojabhAskara tathA gadyakathAkoza Adi pramukha hai| prAcArya prabhAcandra para AcArya amatacandra kA gaharA prabhAba thaa| unhoMne AcArya amRtacandra kI tAkika va dArzanika zailI kA anukaraNa kiyA hai| yahA~ udAharaNArtha ukta AcAryadvaya kI dIkAoM ke sAmyasUcaka avataraNoM ko prastuta kiyA jAtA hai - 1. dradaH gacchati yarUpaNa svarUpaMga yAnAti, tAMstAn, kramabhuvaH sahabhuvazca sadabhAvaparyAyAn svabhAvavizeSAtityanagatArthayA nirUktyA draSye vyAkhyAtam / (paMcAstikAya samayavyAkhyA gAthA 6 kI TIkA) tathA ekasmin dravye yadvyaM gaNo na tadbhavati, yo guNaH sa dravyaM na bhavatItyevaM yadravyasya guNarUpeNa guNasya vA dravyarUpeNa tenAbhavanaM so'ladbhAvaH / etAvatavAnyatvavyavahArasiddharna pUnacyAsyAbhAvI guNo guNasyAbhAvo dravyamityaivaM lakSaNo'bhAvo'tabhAvaH / (tatvapradIpikA gAthA 108 ko TIkA) ..........." tathAhi dravati 'droSyatyadudravatAMstAn guNaparyAyAn guNaparyAyairvA droSyate dra te vA dvyamiti / gAmyate upalabhyate dravyamaneneti guNa: / dravyaM vA dravyAntarAn ye na viziSyate sa guNaH / ityetasmAdarthavizeSAt yada dravyasya guNarUpe guNarUpeNa guNasya vA dravdharUpeNAbhavanaM eso eSa hi atadbhAvaH / (pravacanasArasarojabhAskara adhyAya 2 gAthA 16 kI dIkA) (pra. ka. mA. pra. pR. 74 se uddhata) 2. yadi hi dravyaM svarUpata eva sanna syAttadA dvitayI gati: asadvA bhavati, sattAtaH pRthagvA bhavati / tatrAsadbhavadanIvyasya saMbhavAdAtmAnamadhArayadravyamudgacchet / sattAto pRthagbhUtvA cAtmAnaM dhArayattAbanmAtra prayojanAM sattAmudgamayet / tataH svayameva dravyaM sattvenAbhya gantavyaM, bhAvabhAva batora pRthakatvenAnyatvAt / (tattvapradIpikA TIkA, gAthA 105) 1. prameyakamalamArtaNDa, prastAvanA, pRSTha 67-68 2. jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa, bhAga-2, pRSTha 347

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170 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra vyaktitva evaM kartRtva yadi hi dravyaM svayaM sadAtmakaM na syAt tadA svayamaladAtmakaM sattAtaH pRthagvA ? tatrAdyaH pakSo na bhavati, yadi sat sadrUpaM dravyaM tadA asadrUpaM dhruva nizcayena na naM tat bhavati / kayaM kena prakAreNa dravyaM kharaviSANavat / atha suttAtaH punaranyadvA pRthagbhUtaM dravyaM bhavati tadA pRthagbhUtasyApi sattve sattA kalpanA vyarthA / sattAsambadhAtsattve cAnyonyAzrayaH siddhaM hi tatsattve sattAsambandhasiddhiH tasyAzca sambandha siddhI satya tatsatvasiddhiriti tatsattvasiddhimantareNApi sattAsambandhe khapuSpAderapi tatprasaGgaH / tasmAt dravyaM svayaM sattA svayameva sadabhyupagantavyam / ( pravacanasAra maroja bhAskara a. 2/gAthA 13 ) ( pramelakamalamArtaNDa pra. pR. 74 se uddhRta ) isa prakAra uparyukta avataraNoM ke avalokana se jJAta hotA hai ki zrAcArya amRtacandra kI tArkika, dArzanika, gambhIra tathA praur3ha TIkA zailI kA prabhAva prabhAcandra para avazya par3A hai / AcArya zramitagati dvitIya para prabhAva ( 663 - 2021 ) - ye mAthura saMgha ke vidvAn naimizeNa ke praziSya tathA mAdhavasena ke ziSya the / ye vikrama kI gyArahavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAn the| unhoMne apano guruparamparA meM vIrasena, dezsena, amitagati prathama, nemiSeNa, mAdhavamena Adi kA ullekha kiyA hai| inakI upalabdha kRtiyA~ isa prakAra haiM- subhASitaratnasaMdoha, dharmaparIkSA, upAsakAcAra, paMcasaMgraha, ArAdhanA, tatsvabhAvanA ( sAmAyikapATha), bhAvanAdvAtriMzatikA aadi| unhoMne inakI racanA 1050 se 1073 ke bIca kI thii| amitagati dvitIya para AcArya amRtacandra kA gaharA prabhAva par3A hai, jisake kucha pramANa isa prakAra haiM:1. amitagati ne amRtacandra dvArA pratipAdita siddhAMtoM kI unhIM ke samAna zabdoM meM punarAvRtti kI hai| udAharaNa ke lie abhUtacandra ne madya (zarAba) ko bahuta se jIvoM kI yoni ( janmasthAna ) nirUpita kiyA hai| unhoMne madya sevana se una jIvoM kI hiMsA honA bhI batAyA hai / isI bAta kA ullekha lagabhaga inhIM zabdoM meM AcArya amitagati ne bhI kiyA hai| donoM AcAryoM ke mUla padya isa prakAra haiM: 1. janasAhitya kA prAcIna itihAsa - bhAga-2, pRSTha 288 ( paM. paramAnanda zAstrI)

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] __ [ 171 rasajAnAM ca bahUnAM jIvAnAM yoniriSyate madyam / macaM bhajatAM teSAM hiMsA saMjAyate'vazyam // (amRtacandra)' ye bhavanti vividhAH zarIriNastatra sUkSma bapuSo rasAGgikAH / te'khilA jhaTiti yAnti paMcatA, ninditasya sarakasya pAnataH / / (amitagati) itanA hI nahIM, prAcArya amitagati ne AcArya amRtacandra dvArA prayakta zabdoM taka ko jyoM kA tyoM grahaNa kiyA hai| amRtacandra ne zarAba ke lie "saraka" zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai, usI zabda kA prayoga amitagati ne bhI kiyA hai| anya zrAvakAcAroM meM ukta saraka pada kA prayoga nahIM miltaa| 2. amRtacandra ne pAMca udumbara tathA tIna makAroM ke tyAga karane para jinaghama kI dezanA kA pAtra honA likhA hai| amitagata ne bhI ukta kathana ko duharAyA hai| ukta prAzaya vAle tathA sAmya pragaTa karane vAle donoM AcAryoM ke padya isa prakAra haiM - aSTAva niSTa dustara duritA grat nAnyabhUti parivarya / jinadharma dezanAyA bhavanti pAtrANi zuddhadhiyaH / / (amRtacandra) 5 AdAveva sphuTamiha guNAnirmalA dhaarnniiyaaH| pAra si vratamapamalaM kurvt| zrAvakIyam / / (amitagati) amRtacandra ne hiMsaka, dukhI tathA mukhI ko mArane kA niSedha kiyA hai", amitagati ne bhI vaisA hI niSedharUna nirUpaNa kiyA hai / 1. puruSArthasiddha yupAna, paJca mAtra. 63 2. migati zrAvavAcAra - (6 vAM padya adhyAya 5 vA) 3. puruSAcaM siddha grupAya padya gAMka 64 4. jananaMdeza, zodhAMka 5 akTUbara 1956, pRSTha 173 5. puruSArthasiddha yupAya, padya kramAMka 74 / 6. amitagati zrAvakAcAra, padya naM. 73, adhyAya 5 7. puruSArthasiddha yupAya 83, 85, 86 bAM padya 8. amitagati zrAvakAcAra 6.62, 36, 40 vA padya

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172 ] / AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRkha 4. anRtavacana aura usake bhedoM kA jisa prakAra se amRtacandra ne kathana kiyA hai', amitagati ne bho usI prakAra se anRtavacana ke cAra bheda karake nirUpaNa kiyA hai| 5. jisa prakAra amRtancadra ne dhana ko bAhyaprANa tathA ghanaharaNa karane vAle ko prANahartA banAyA hai, usI prakAra amitagati ne bhI nirUpaNa kiyA hai| unake isa taraha ke sAmyadarzaka padya nimnAnusAra haiM - arthAnAM ya ete prANA ete bahizcarAH pusAm / harati sa tasya prANAn yo yasya jano hatyartham / / (amRtacandra )3 yo yasya harati vittaM sa tasya jIvasya jIvitaM harati / AzvAsakara bAhya jIvAnAM jIvitaM vittam / / (amitagati) 6. vratoM ke aticAroM ke varNana meM amitagati ne prAyaH unhIM padyoM ko avatarita kiyA, jinakI racanA amRtacandra ne kii| antara kevala kucha zAbdika parivartana mAtra kA hai| udAharaNArtha do pacha prastuta kiye jAte haiM pratirUpakavyavahArastena niyogastadAhRtAdAnam / rAjavirodhAtikama honAdhika mAna karaNe ca / / (amRtacandra) vyavahAra: kRtrima kastena niyogastadAhRtAdAnam / te mAnavaparItyaM viruddharAjya vyatikramaNam // (amitagati )2 7. amRtacandra ne hiMsA tyAga ke icchuka ko sarvaprathama madya, mAMsa, madhu tathA pAMca udumbara phaloM ke tyAga vA vidhAna likhA hai| amitagati ne bhI isI niyama ko doharAyA hai| isI taraha mAMsa bhakSaNa ke doSa batAte hue amRtacandra likhate haiM ki prANiyoM ke ghAta kiye binA mAMsa kI 1. puruSArthasiddhyupAya 62, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 vA padya 2. amitagati zrAvakAcAra, adhyAya 6, padya pramAMka 48 se 55 taka 3 puruSArtha siddhvupAya, padya kramAMka 103 4. amitagati zrAvakAcAra, 'padya 61, adhyAya 6 5. puruSArthasiddhyupAya, padya naM. 185 6. pramitagati zrAvakAcAra, paca naM. 5, adhyAya 1 7, puruSArthasiddhyudhAya, 61 vA padya 8. amitagati zrAvakAcAra, adhyAya 5, padya naM. 1

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva / utpatti saMbhava nahIM, ataH mAMsabhakSI ko hiMsA anivArya rUpa se hotI hai / ' isI bAta kI punarAvRtti amitagati ne bhI kI hai| amRta candra ne rAtri bhojana karane meM hiMsA honA anivArya likhA hai tathA use chor3ane kA upadeza diyA hai / izI kA samarthana tathA anakaraNa amitati ne bhI kiyA hai| unake grantha 'amitagatithAvakAcAra" kI racanA kA mUlAdhAra AcArya amRtacandra kA puruSArthasiddhyupAya hai| isa prakAra spaSTa rUpa se AcArya amatacandra kA prAcArya amitagati dvitIya para bhI vyApaka tathA gahana prabhAtra dRSTigocara hotA hai / prAcArya jayasena (dharmaratnAkara kartA) para prabhAva (REE IsvI)lAr3abAgar3a saMgha kI gurvAvarila ke anusAra jayasena bhAvasena ke ziSya tathA brahmasena ke guru the| ApakI kRti dharmaratnAkara hai| prApakA samaya 668 IsvI hai| pApa prAcArya amRtacandra se vizeSa prabhAvita the| Apane apane grantha dharmaratnAkara meM AcArya amutacandra ke puruSArthasiddhayupAya ke 124 padya jyoM ke tyoM uddhRta kiye haiN| vaise to purupArthasiddhayaphAya ke padyoM ko amRtacandra ke paravartI zrAvakAcAra grantha praNetA vidvAnoM prAcAryoM ne bahuta bar3I saMkhyA meM avatarita kiyA hai, parantu jayasena hI isa avataraNa ke kArya meM sabase Age haiN| unhoMne sampUrNa grantha ke Adhe se adhika bhAga ko apane grantha meM jyoM kA tyoM sammilita kiyA hai| puruSArthasiddhayapAya grantha meM kula 226 padya hai| jayasena ne amatacandra kRta padyoM ko kahIM "uktaM ca" likhakara pramANa rUpa meM prastuta kiyA hai, to kahIM para viSaya kA nirUpaNa amRtacandra ke hI mUlapadyoM ko uddhRta karake kiyaa| kisI kisI adhyAya 1. puruSArthagi yupAya, padya 65 2. yamita zrAvanAcAra, adhyAya 5, patha 1 3. guruyArthamidhyupAya. 126 vA gadya 4. namitta gati zrAvakAcAra, adhyAya 5. paya 80, 41, 42 5. jainendrasiddhAMtakoza, bhAga 2, pRSTa 324 6. puruSAsinyupAya se udhata nimnAnusAra hai -- 23, 25, 26, 29, 30, 42 se 16, 51 se 56, 58 se 60, 64, 66, 67, 66, 70 se 73, 75 se 60, 62 ro 101, 103 ro 105, 107, 108, 111 se 134, 135 meM 140, 142, 143, 145, 146 se 163, 165, 165, 166, 172, 173, 175 se 176, 185, 188 se 161, 194, 168

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174 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva meM puruSArthasiddhyupAya ke zlokoM kI bahutAyatatA hai, udAharaNa ke lie "ahiMsAsatyavratavicAra" nAmaka bArahaveM adhyAya meM kula 113 zlokoM meM 43 zloka puruSArthasiddhayupAya ke haiN| isa prakAra amRtacandra kA dharmaratnAkarakAra jayasena para prabhAva spaSTarUpa se dikhAI detA hai| prAcArya padamanaMdi (paMcama) para prabhAva (IsvI 1016-1136) prAcArya padmanadi (paMcama) zrI vIranaMdi ke ziSya the, sAtha hI jJAnArNavakAra zubhacandrAcArya ke bhI ziSya the| vIranaMdi inake dIkSAguru tathA sumAmA zikSApura : inhone naMdipaka ti: nAmaka grantha kI racanA kI thii| ukta grantha ke ekatvasaptati nAmaka adhikAra kI TIkA bikrama saM. 1163 kI upalabdha hai| inakA samaya IsvI 1016 se 1136 hai|' A AcArya amRtacandra se prabhAvita the / mana di ke samakSa amRtacandra kI kRtiyA~ upasthita thIM, jinakA pAlor3ana karake hI unakA upayoga padamanadi ne apane grantha kI racanA meM kiyA hai| unhoMne na kevala amRta vandra kI tattvanirUpaNa zailI ko apanAyA, apitu unakI kRtiyoM kI zabdAvali kA bhI yathAvat prayoga kiyA hai| yahA~ tatsambadhI kucha udAharaNa prastuta kiye jA rahe haiN| padmanaMdi ne amRtacandra ke granthoM ke AdhAra para apane grantha meM padya racanA kI hai| amRta candra dvArA nirUpita viSaya ko lagabhaga samAna rUpeNa prastuta kiyA hai| udaharaNa ke lie amRtacandra ne puruSArthasiddhayupAya meM likhA hai ki ajJAnI jIvoM ko samajhAne (jJAna karAne ke lie AcArya abhUtArthavyabahAranaya kA upadeza dete haiM aura jo kevala vyavahAra naya ko hI jAnatA hai, usa mithyAvRSTi jIva ko upadeza nahIM hai| unakA mUla padya isa prakAra hai: abuddhasya bodhanArtha munIzvarAH dezayantyabhUtArtham / vyavahArameva kevalamavaiti yastasya' dezanA nAsti // isake atirikta inhoMne AtmakhyAti TIkA meM karmakSaya yA karma se mukti kA nimitta jJAnarUpa bhUtArtha dharma hI batAyA hai / bhUtArthanaya ko hI 1. janendra siddhAMtakoza- bhAga 3 pRSTha 10 2. puruSArtha siddha yupAya - padya-6

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] [ 175 zuvanaya bhI likhA hai - yathA "karmamokSa nimittaM jJAnamAtra bhUtArtha dharma na zraddhatte" tathA "zuvanaya eka eva bhUtArthatvAt bhUtamartha pradyotayati"2 ina uparokta kathanoM kA sAra grahaNa kara AcArya padmanaMdi ne bhI eka padya isI sambandha meM likhA hai jo isa prakAra hai: vyavahRtirabodhajanabodhanAya karmakSayAya zuddhanayaH / svArtha mumukSaramiti vakSye tadAzritaM kiMcit / / 3 isI taraha amRtacandra ne nizcayanaya ko bhUtArtha tathA vyavahAra naya ko abhUtArtha likhakara bhUtArtha jJAna se vimukha samasta abhiprAya ko saMsAramaya likhA hai| isase yaha bhI dhvanita hai ki bhUtArthajJAna se vimukhapanA saMsAramaya hai to bhUtArthanaya (zuddhanaya) kA sammukhapanA (Azraya) paramapada (mokSa) kA kAraNa svayameva siddha huaa| isI abhiprAya ko padmanaMdi ne bhI jyoM kA tyoM duharAyA hai| ukta donoM prAcAryoM ke kathana sAmya ko bhI dekhiye:- (donoM padya prAryA chaMda meM haiN|) nizcayamiha bhUtArtha vyavahAraM varNayantyabhUtArtham / bhUtArthabodhavimukha: prAyaH sarvo'pi saMsAraH / / (amRtacandra )" vyavahAro'bhUtArtho bhUtArtho dezitastu zuddhanayaH / zuddhanayamAzritA ye prApnuvanti yatayaH padaM paramam / / (padmanaMdi}5 anyatra amRtacandra ne likhA hai ki he bhavya ! tujhe vyartha ke kolAhala se kyA lAbha hai| tU isa kolAhala se virakta ho aura eka caitanyamAtra vastu ko svayaM nizcala-lIna hokara dekha, aisA chaha mAha taka abhyAsa kara aura dekha ki aisA karane se apane hRdaya sarobara meM usa AtmA kI prApti hotI hai yA nahIM ? usa AtmA kA teja-prakAza pudgala se bhinna hai / ukta kathana ke sAra ko padmanaMdi ne bhI thor3A-bahuta zAbdika parivartana 1, samayasAra gAthA 275 kI prAsmakhyAti TIkA, pRSTha 397 2. vahI gAthA 11 kI TIkA, pRSTha 23 3. padmanaMdipaMcaviMzatiH, nizcayapaMcAzat, padya naM. 6 4, puruSArthasiddha yupAya, padya naM. 5 5. padmanaMdipacaviMzati, nizvamapaMcAzat, padya naM. 6

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176 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva kara punarUddhata kiyA hai| udAharaNa ke lie nimna padyoM para tulanAtmaka dRSTi se avalokana kIjiye:-- virama kimapareNA'kArya kolAhalena, svayamapi nibhRtaH san pazya SaNmAsamekam / hRdayasarasipusaH pudgalAda mizrAno, nanu kimanupalabdhirbhAti kiM copalabdhiH // 34 // ' nizcetavyo jinendrastadatulavacasAM gocare'rthe parokSe / kAryaH so'pi pramANaM vadata kimapareNAlakolAhalena // 128 // kimAlakolAhale ramalabodha saMpannidheH, samasti yadi kautukaM kila tavAtmano darzane / niruddhasakalendriyo rahasimuktasaMgrahaH, kiyantyapi dinAnyata: sthiramanA bhavAn pazyatu // 144 // upayukta 128 padya meM "vadata kimapareNAlakolAhalena" aMza samayasAra kalaza ke 34 deM padya kA prathama caraNa "virama kimapareNAkAryakolAhalena" kA prAyaH jyoM kA tyoM anukaraNa hai tathA padya 144 meM "kimAlakolAhaleramalabodha..........." aura "rahasimuktasaMgrahaH kiyantyapi dinAnyataH sthiramanA bhAvana pazyatu" ina aMzoM meM ukta samayasAra kalaza ke 34 veM padya ke prathama va dvitIya caraNoM kA anusaraNa spaSTa dikhAI detA hai| yahA~ eka aura udAharaNa dRSTavya hai| prAcArya amRtacandra ne samayasAra tathA paMcAstikAya kI TIkAyoM ke anta meM likhA hai ki apanI sahaja yogyatA se vastusvarUpa ko sUcita karane vAle zabdoM dvArA yaha samayasAra kI vyAkhyA kI gaI hai, apane svarUpa meM lIna amRtacandra sUri kA isameM kucha bhI karttavya nahIM hai| inhIM zabdoM ko kicit parivartana ke sAtha padmanandi ne bhI uddhRta kiyA hai| donoM AcAryoM ke mUla padyoM ko bhI dekhiye, jo isa prakAra haiM -- - 1. samayamAra kalaza, amRta candrapraNIta, kramAMka 34 2. padmanaMdipaMcaviMzatikA, dharmopadezAmRtam, padya kramAMka 128 3. vahI, padya kramAMka 144

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A nti - e -.... vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] . [ 177 svazakti saMsUcita vastuttvaM, yAkhyA kRteyaM samayasya zabdaiH / svarUpaguptasya na kiMcidasti. kartavya mevAmutacandrasUreH / / (amRtacandra)' nizcayapaMcAzat pamanaMdinaM sUrimAzribhiH kazcit / zabdaiH svazakti sUcita vastuguNaviraciteyamiti / / { padmanaMdi)2 hamI taha ra vandra samyagdRSTi ke sAhasa tathA nirbhayatA kI prazaMsA karate hue likhate haiM ki samyagdRSTi jIva hI aisA zreSThatama sAhasa karane meM samartha haiM ki vajra ke girane para, tInoM loka ke prANI usakI dhvani ke bhaya se apane mArga se calAyamAna ho jAveM, parantu ye samyagdaSTi "maiM jJAnazarIro hai, para ke dvArA prabadhya hai" aisA jAnate haiM isalie svAbhAvika nirbhayatA ke kAraNa sabhI prakAra kI zaMkA ko chor3akara apane jJAnasvabhAva se calAyamAna nahIM hote| isI Azaya kI punarAvRtti padmanaMdi ne bhI kI hai| ukta Azaya sUcaka padyoM kA sAmya dekhiye samyagdRSTaya eva sAhasa midaM kA zamante paraM, yad vajra 'pi hatatyamo bhayabalat trailokya muktAni / sarvAmeva nisarganirbhayatayA zaMkAM vihAya svayaM, jAnantaH svamavadhyabodhavapuSa boghAccayante na hi / / (amRta candra) vajje patatyapi bhayad ta vizvalokamuktAvani prazAmino na calanti yogAt / bodhapradIpahatamohamahAndhakArAH samyagdRzaH kimuta zeSaparISaheSu / / (padmanaMdi / eka aura sthala para amatacandra ne likhA hai ki prAtmatattva kA cetana-acetana paradravyoM ke sAtha kisI prakAra kA bhI sambandha nahIM hai / jaba (AtmA kA) para ke sAtha kartA-karma sambandha bhI nahIM hai taba prAsmA ke pudgalakarma kA kartApanA kaise hogA? arthAt nahIM hogaa| isI bhAvArtha ko duharAte hue padmanaMdi likhate haiM - maiM eka caitanyasvarUpa hI hU~, usase bhinna dUsarA merA koI bhI svarUpa kabhI bhI merA nahIM ho sktaa| kisI - - -- - 1. samayasAra kalaza, zramAMka 278 paMcA stikAya TIkA kA antima padya 2. padamanaMdi paMcavizatiH nizcayapaMcAzat, padya naM. 61 3. samayasAra kalaza, kramAMka 154 4. padmanaMdipaMcavizataH, dharmopadezAmRtam, padya naM. 63

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178 ] [ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartuM tva parapadArtha ke sAtha merA sambandha bhI nahIM hai, aisA merA dRDhanizcaya hai| upayukta Azaya ke dyotaka do padya isa prakAra haiM - nAsti sarvo'pi sambandhaH paradravyAtmatattvayoH / kartR-karmatvasambandhAbhAve tatkartRtA kRtaH // (amRtacandra)' prahaM caitanyamevekaM nAnyatkimapi jAtacit, sambandho'pi na kenApi dRr3hapakSo mamedRzaH // (padmanaMdi) isa prakAra anya aneka sthala udAharaNa yogya haiM jinase spaSTa pramANita hotA hai ki padmanaMdipaMcaviMzatiH grantha kI racanA ke pramukha srota amRtacandra ke puruSArthasiddhayupAya tathA samayasAra kI AkhyAtikalazayukta TIkA ko kahanA ucita pratIta hotA hai| sAtha hI "amRtacandra kI kRtiyoM kA prA sacArya padamA yA unakI kRtiyoM para par3A" yaha bhI spaSTa pramANita hotA hai / prAcArya zubhacandra prathama para prabhAva (1003--1168 IsvI) ye paramAravaMzIya rAjA munja ke bhAI tathA zatakatraya ke kartA-bhatRhari ke bar3e bhAI the| ye rAjA siMha ke putra the / bhatu hari ko saMbodhanArtha zubhacandra ne jJAnArNava nAmaka grantha ko racanA kI thii| Apa padamanaMdipaMcavizatikAra prAcArya padmanaMdi ke guru the| ApakA samaya IsvI 1003 se 1168 ke bIca kA thA / zubhacandra para AcArya amRtacandra kA prabhAva thA, jisake prAdhAra nimnAnusAra haiM - zubhacandra ne apane grantha jJAnArNava meM amRtacandra ke grantha se 1 padya uddhRta kiyA hai| yaha uddharaNa 14 prakAra ke aMtaraMga parigrahoM kA vivaraNa prastuta karane hetu "ukta ca" likhakara prastuta kiyA hai| ukta padya abhUlacandra ke puruSArtha siddhayupAya nandha kA hai / padya isa prakAra hai - mithyAtva - vedarAga doSA hAsyAdayo'pi SaT caiva / catvArazca kaSAyazcaturdazAbhyantarA granthAH // 1. samayasAra kalaza, kramAMka 200 2. padmanaMdipaMcavizatiH, ekatvasaptati adhikAra, padya naM, 54 3. janendra siddhAntakoza, caturtha bhAga, pRSTha 41 4, jJAnarNata sagaMSoDapA, padya kramAMka 6 5. puruSArtha siddha yupAya, padya naM. 116

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] [ 176 ukta uddharaNa se spaSTa saMketa milatA hai ki AcArya amRtacandra kA AcArya zubhacandra para prabhAva rahA hai| AcArya vAdasiMha para prabhAva ( 1015 1150 IsvI) prAcArya vAdIbhasiMha saMskRta ke mahAkaviyoM meM agragaNya the| saMskRta gadyakAroM meM jo sthAna mahAkavi bANabhaTTa kA hai, vahI sthAna jaina saMskRta gadya lekhakoM meM prAcArya vAdIbhasiMha kA hai| unhoMne "gadyacitAmaNi" nAmaka utkRSTa grantha likhakara jaina saMskRta gadyakAvya ko zramaratva pradAna kiyA hai / unakA aparanAma oDayadeva thA / vAdIbhasiMha unakA upanAma yA upAdhi thI / ' unakA samaya 1015 se 1150 IsvI hai / vAdIbhasiMha para AcArya amRtacandra kA prabhAva nimna AdhAroM se pratIta hotA hai - - 1. " gadyacitAmaNi" kI svopajJa TIkA ke prArambhika padya meM tathA zrAcArya amRtacandra kRta samayavyAkhyA TIkA ke Arambhika padya meM zabda sAmya tathA bhAvasAmya jhalakatA hai| uzaharaNArtha nimna paca avalokana hai - durnivAranayAnIka virodhadhvaMsanoSadhiH 1 3 syAtkAra jIvitA jIyAjjainI siddhAMta paddhatiH // ( amRtacandra ) azeSabhASAmaya dehadhAriNI jinasyavaktrAmburuhAd vinirgatA | sarasvatI meM kurUtAdanazvaroM jinazriyaM syAtpadalAJchanAJcitA // (vAdIbhasiMha) 2. jisaprakAra amUlacandra kI TIkAeM praur3ha-gambhIra gadyazailI se mata haiM usI prakAra vAdI siMha ko gadyacatAmaNi" racanA bho praur3ha, gambhIra gadyazailI se samanvita hai / udAharaNArtha nimna gadyAMza dRSTavya hai - "kadAcitkiJcidrocamAnAH, kadAcit kiJcidvikalpayantaH, kadAcitkiJcidAcarantaH, darzanAcaraNAya kadAcitprazAmyataH kadAcitsaM vijamAnAH kadAcidanukampamAnAH kadAcidAstikyamudvataH:------- / (ghamRtacandra ) 1. tI. ma. u. zrI. pa. Aga 3 pRSTha 27 2. jaina si. ko, bhAga 2, pRSTha 542 3. paMcAstikAya, samayavyAkhyA TIkA, padya 2 4. gadyacitAmaNi TIkA, padma 4 5. paMcAstikAya gAyA 172 kI TIkA

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180 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva tathA kartRtva kadAcitpratamRdumRdaGga raGga madhivasantivalAsinInAmati catura karaNa bandhabandhamanaGgatantra zikSAvicakSaNa viTavidUSakAriSadupAsyaM, lAsyamavAlokiSTa / kadAcidanugatavINAveNuraNitaramaNIyaM ramaNIyAnAM gatimAkarNayankarNapAraNAmakArSIt / kadAcikicakusumapa rimalatarala madhukara kalaravamukharite latAmaNDape viracitanavakisalayama zayane kuzodarImarIramat / " (vAdIsiMha)' 3. upamArthe "iva" prayoga - yadi punarna teSAM dukha svAbhAvikamabhyupagamyet tadopazAntazItajvarasya saMsvedanamiva, prahINadAhajvarasyAranAlapariSeka iva, nivRttanetra saMrambhasya ca vaTAcUrNAvacUrNamiva, vinaSTakarNazU nasya bastamUtrapUraNa miba, rUr3havaNasyAlepanadAnamiva viSaya vyApAro na dRzyeta / dRzyate cAso / tato svabhAvabhUtaduHkhayogina eva jIbadindriyAH parokSajJAninaH / / amRtacandra)2 sa cenna syAbIhikhaMDanAyAsa iva tanDulatyAginaH, kUpakhananaprayAsa iva nIra nipekSiNaH, karNazuktiriva zAstrasuzruSAparAGa mukhasya , draviNArjana kleza iva vitaraNaguNAnabhijJasya, tapasyAzrama iva nairAtmyavAdinaH, ziromAraghAraNazrAnti riva jinezvara caraNapraNAma bahumatibahiSkRtasya, pravajyAprArambha ivendriyadAsasya viphala sakalopyaye prayAsaH syAt / (vAdIbhasiMha) isa prakAra AcArya vAdIbhasiMha para bhI AcArya amRtacandra kI racanAzailI Adi kA tathA vyaktittva kA prabhAva pragaTa hotA hai / padmaprabhamalabArI deva para prabhAva (1140 - 1185 IsvI) padmaprabhamalaghArI deva eka AdhyAtmika digambara sAghu the / unakI eka mAtra kRti nimayasAra grantha kI tAtparyavRtti nAmaka TIkA hai| inakA samaya IsvI 1140-1185 thA / Apa AcArya amRtacandra ke padAnugAmI AcArya the / niyamasAra kI TIkA racane meM Apane amRtacandra kI anokhI AdhyAtmika zailI ko hI Adarza evaM AdhAra banAyA hai| ve amRtacandra se kaI prakAra se prabhAvita the| jisake kucha pramANa nimnAnusAra haiN| 1. gadyaciMtAmaNi, prathama lambha, pRSTha 42 2. pravacanasAra, tattvadIpikA, gAthA 64 kI TIkA 3. gadyacitAmaNi, dvitIyo lambha, pRSTha 102 / 4. jainendra siddhAMtakoza, bhAga 3, pRSTha 10

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vyaktitva tathA prAya / [ 181 1. unhoMne amRtacandra kI praur3hatama gadyazailI kA anukaraNa kiyA hai / jisa prakAra amRtacandra pratyeka gAthA ko TIkA racanA ke pUrva gAthA kI utthAnikA yA pUrvasUcanA dete haiM, usI taraha padmaprabha bhI utthAnikA pUrvaka TIkA racate haiN| udAharaNa hetu - "atra zabdajJAnArtharUpeNa trividhAmidhayetA samayazabdasya lokAloka vibhaagshcaabhihitH|" "atra paMcAstikAyAnAM vizeSasaMjJA sAmAnyavizeSAstitvaM kAyatvaM coktama / " 'atrAstitvasvarUpamuktam"3 "atraniyamazabdasya sAratvapratipAdanadvAreNa svabhAvaratnatrayasvarUpamuktam"4 "vyavavahAra samyaktvasvarUpAkhyAnametat"5 "paramAgamasvarUpAkhyAnametat" ityAdi / padmanaMdi ne amRtacandra kI gadyazailI kA anukaraNa ho nahIM kiyA, apitU kahIM kahIM to amatacandra kI TIkA ke mUla zabdoM evaM bhAvoM ko jyoM kA tyoM apanI TIkA meM samAhita kara liyA hai| udAharaNa ke lie amRtacandra ne naya ke sambandha meM spaSTa karate hue likhA hai - "do hi nayI bhagavatA praNItau - vyAthika: paryAyAthikazca / tatra na khalvekanayAyattA dezanA kintu tadubhayAyattA 1 tataH paryAyArthadezAdastitve svataH kathaJcidbhinne'pi vyavasthitAH, dradhyArthAdezAtsvayameva santaH sato'nanyamayA bhvntiitii|"" isI TIkA kA anukaraNa karate hue padmanaMdi likhate haiM - "iha hi nayaddhayastha saphalatvamuktam / dvau hi nayau bhagavadarhatparamezvareNa proktaudravyAthikaH paryAyAdhikazceti / dravyamevArthaH prayojanamasyeti' dravyAthikaH / paryAya evArthaH prayojanamasyeti paryAyAthikaH / na khalu ekanayAyastopadezo grAhyaH, kintu tadubhayAyattopadezaH / sattAnAhakazuddhadravyAkSikanayabalena pUrvokta vyaMjanaparyAyebhyaH sakAzAnmuktAmuktasamasta jIvarAzayaH sarvathA vyatiriktA eva / 1 paMcAstikAya gAthA 3 kI TIkA | 2. vahIM gAthA 4 kI TIkA / 3. vahI, gAthA 8 kI TIkA / 4. niyamasAra, gAthA 3 kI TIkA / 5. vahI, gAthA 5 kI ttiikaa| 6. vahI, mAthA 8 ko TIkA / 7. paMcAstikAya, gAmA 4 kI ttiikaa| 8. niyamasAra, gAthA 16 kI TIkA /

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182 ] | AcArya evaM kartRtva 2. padmaprabha ne apanI tAtparyavRtti meM zramRtacandra ke granthoM ke kaI zloka "uktaM ca" tathA "coktaM zrImad amRtacandrasUribhiH" ityAdi likhakara uddhRta kiye haiN| inameM 17 zloka' samayasAra kalaza TIkA ke haiM tathA 4 zloka pravacasAra kI tattvapradIpikA TIkA ke haiN| yaha amRtacandra ke anukaraNa, anusaraNa tathA prabhAva kA pragaTa pramANa hai / * 3. padmaprabha ne zramRtacandra ke padyoM ko pramANa rUpa meM uddhRta karane ke sAtha hI sAtha unakI hI zailI ko apanAkara gadyaTIkA ke bIca meM tatra padyoM kI bhI racanA kI hai| jayasenAcArya kI apekSA zramRtacaMdra kI zailI ko padmaprabha ne adhika apanAyA hai, unhIM kI taraha sulalita padyAtmaka zailI meM TIkA kA nirmANa kiyA hai / isa taraha zrAcArya amRtacandra ke vyaktitva tathA kRtittva kA prabhAva AcArya padmaprabhamaladhArI deva para spaSTa se rUpa se dRSTigata hotA hai| jayasenAcArya (dvitIya) para prabhAva (bArahavIM terahavIM sadI) mApa jayasena prathama ( dharmaratnAkara ke kartA) se bhinna tathA unase bAda ke haiM / amRtacandrasUri ke samAna prApa bhI kundakunda ke samayasAra, pravacanasAra tathA paMcAstikAya granthoM ke prasiddha TIkAkAra haiN| pravacanasAra grantha kI TIkA ke anta meM eka prazasti se jJAta hotA hai ki jayasenAcArya ke guru somasena the| jayasenAcArya senagaNAnvayI haiM / Apa adhyAtmakSetra ke eka virAgI AcArya the| ApakA samaya I. 1212-1323 hai / DaoN. nemicaMdra zAstrI ne unheM gyArahavIM IsvI sadI ke uttarArdha athavA bArahavI ke pUrvArdha kA mAnA hai / * zrApa AcArya amRtacaMdra se prabhAvita rahe haiN| isake kucha AdhAra isa prakAra haiM : 4 -- - 9. samayasAra kalaza ke kramazaH 24, 44, 11, 35, 36, 5, 185, 131, 244, 187, 16, 228, 104, 227,60,162, 135 nambara ke 17 phloka hai / 2. pravacanasAra tattvapradIpikA TIkA ke kramazaH 12, 5, 4 ye 4 zloka 1 mRta haiN| 3. jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa, bhAga 2, pRSTha 167 4. tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI zrAcArya paramparA bhAga 3, pRSTha 122 5. jainendra siddhAMta koza, bhAga 2, pRSTha 324 6. tI. ma. aura u. zrI. paramparA, bhAga 3, pRSTha 143

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva / [ 1833 prathama to, jayasena ne kundakunda ke unhIM tInoM granthoM para TIkAeM racI, jina para prAcArya amRtacaMdra TIkAe~ raca cuke the / AcArya amRtacandra kI prAyaH sabhI TIkAeM unheM atyaMta praur3ha tathA vidvajjanagrAhya pratIta hii| unhoMne amRtacandrakRta TIkAoM ke bhAvoM kA bhI spaSTIkaraNa kiyA jAnA Avazyaka samajhA, isalie unhoMne apanI sabhI TIkAoM kA nAma "tAtparyavRtti TIkA" rkhaa| dUsare, apanI samayasAra kI tAtparyavRtti TIkA meM unhoMne atyaMta sarala evaM sugama zailI meM bhAva-spaSTIkaraNa to kiyA parantu apane nirUpaNa kI sampuSTi hetu prAcArya amRtacandra ke padyoM ko "tathA coktaM" kahakara pramANa rUpa meM prastuta kiyA hai| udAharaNa ke lie nayapakSa ke vikalpa ko chor3akara samayasAra svarUpa hote haiM, isa tAtparya ko vyakta karate hue jayasenAcArya likhate haiM - yo'sau nayapakSapAtarahita svasaMvedanajJAnI tasyAbhiprAyeNa baddhAbamUDhAdinayavikalparahita cidAnA svabhAva jIvasvarUpaM bhavatIti / tathA coktaM -- ya eva muktvA nayapakSapAtaM svarUpaguptA nivasaMti nityam / vikalpajAlascyutazAMta cittAstaeva sAkSAdamRtaM pibanti / ' uparokta padya samayalAra kalaza kA 66vAM kalaza hai| isake bAda hI 70 vAM kalaza bhI udAhRta kiyA hai| sampUrNa tAtparyavRtti meM samayasAra kalaza ke kula 7 innoka pramANarUpeNa uddhRta kiye gage haiM ! tIsare, jayasena ne apanI tAtparya vRtti meM amRtacandrAcArya kRta TIkAmoM kA bhalI bhAMti upayoga kiyA hai| kahIM-kahIM para unake kucha zabdoM ko jyoM kA tyoM grahaNa kara TIkA meM prayoga kiyA hai, to kahIM para mamatacandrakRta TIkA ke hI bhAvoM ko abhivyakta kiyA hai| pramatacandra dvArA pradatta dRSTAMtoM ko to jayasena ne bahuta bar3I saMkhyA meM yathAvat udAhRta kiyA hai| isa sambandha meM kucha sthaloM kA avalokana karAyA jAtA hai / prastuta udAharaNoM meM zabda bhAva evaM dRSTAMta tInoM kA anusaraNa kiyA gayA hai, yathA1. "yathA khalu mleccha: svastItyabhihite sati tathA vidhavAcyavAcaka saMbaMdhAvabodhabahiSkRtatvAnna kicidapi pratipadyamAno meSa ivAni 1. samayasAra, jayasenIya gAthA dIkA 150 2. ye 7 paJca kramazaH 68, 66, 183, 131, 235, tathA 247 meM hai|

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184 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva meSonmeSita cakSuH prekSata eva / yadA tu sa eva tadetadbhASAsambandharekArthajJenAnyena tenaiva vA mlecchabhASAM samudAya svasti padasyAvinAso bhavo bhavasvityabhidheyaM pratipAdyate tadA sadya evodhadamaMdAnaMdamayAtrujhalajhalallocana pAnastatpratipadyata eva / " (amRtacandra) 'yathA kazcid brAhmaNo yatirvA mleccha pallyAM gataH tena namaskAre kRte sati brAhmaNena yatinA vA svAstIti bhaNite svastyarthamavinazvaratvamajAnan san nirIkSyate meSa iva / tathAyamajJAnijanopyAtmeti maNine satyamAramazabdasyArthamajAnan san bhrAMtyA nirIkSata eva / yadA punanizcayavyavahArazapuruSeNa samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAriprANi jIvazAyalpa iti vadatamA saMtusTI sUtkA jAnAtIti / " (jayasena) ___"kecitta svakaravikIrNa katakanipAtamAtropajanita paMkapayo viveka tayA svapuruSakArAvirbhAvitasahajaikAcchabhAvatvAdacchameva tadanubhavanti / " (amRtacandra) "yathA kopi grAmyajanaH sakardama nIraM pibati nAgarikaH punaH vivekIjanAH kataka phalaM nikSipya nirmalodakaM pibati / " (jayasena)4 "katakasthAnIyatvAt zuddhanayasya / " (amRtacandra) "katakaphalasthAnIya nizcanayam / ' (jayasena 6 'alubdhabuddhAnAM tu yathA saMghakhilyonya dravyasaMyoga vyavacchedena kevala evAnabhUyamAnaH sarvatopye kelavaNarasatvAllavaNatvena svadate / " (amRtacandra) "yathAlavaNa khilya ekaraso'pi phalazAkapatrazAkAdi paradraSyasaMyogena bhinabhinnAsvAda pratimAtyajJAninAm / " (jayasena) 1. samayasAra, gAthA 8 prAtmakhyAti TIkA, pRSTha 20 2. samayamAra, gAthA tAtparyavRtti TIkA, pRSTha 6 3, samayasAra, gAthA 11 prAtmakhyAti TIkA, pRSTha 24 4. samayasAra, gAthA 13 tAtparya vRtti TIkA, pRSTha 2 5. samayasAra, gAthA 11 bhAramakhyAti TIkA. pRSTha 25 1. samayasAra, gAthA 13 sAtparya vatti TIkA, pRSTha 12 7. samayasAra, gAthA 15 prAmarUpAti TIkA, pRSTha 44 8, samayasAra, gAthA 16 tAtparyavRtti TIkA, pRSTha 18

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] 5. "yathA khalu visinApatrasya salilanimagnasya... baddhaspaSTatvaM ...... | yathA ca mRttikAyAH karaka karIrakarkarIkapAlAdiSayarSiNAnubhUyamAnasAyAmanyatvaM ....... / yathA ca vAridhavRddhihAniparyAyeNAnabhUyamAnatAyAmaniyatattvaM..... / yathA ca kAMcanasya snigdhapItagurutvAdi paryAyeNAnabhUyamAnatAyAM vizeSatva...... | yathA cApA saptAciH pratyayoSNa samAhitatva paryAyeNAnubhUyamAnatAyAM saMyuktatvaM ... ...... / {amRtacandrAcArya' 'dravyakamanokarmabhyAmasaMspRSTaM jale visinIpatravat / ananya naranArakAdiparyAyeSu dravyarUpeNa tameva sthAsakozakuzUla ghaTAdiparyAyeSu mRttikAdravyacat / niyata bhavasthitaM nistaraMgottaraMgAbasthasu samudravat / avizeSamabhinnaM jJAnadarzanAdibhedarahitaM gururavasnigdhatvapItatvAdi dharmeSu suvarNavat / asaMyuktamasaMbaMddha rAgAdivikalparUpabhAvakamarahitaM nizcayanayenoSNarahitajalavaditi / " (jayasenAcArya)2 prathApratimuddhabodhanAya vyavasAyaH kriyate |""prthaaymev pratibodhyate re durAtman / (amRtacandra) athApratibuddhasaMbodhanArtha vyavasAyaH kriyate / "athAsya bahirAtmanaH sambodhanaM kriyate re durAtman...! (jayasena)4 iha khalu parasparAvagADhAvasthAyAmAtmazarIrayoH samavatisAbasthAyAM kanakakaladhautayorekaskaMghavyavahArabadvyabahAramAtreNevaikatvaM, na punanizcayataH / " (amRtacandra) 5 yathA kanakakalaghautayoH samAvatitAvasthAyAM vyavahAreNakatve'pi nizcayena bhinnatvaM tathA jIvadehayoriti bhAvArthaH / " (jayasena)' isI taraha kArtasbara tathA kaladhauta" "nagara varNana se rAjA kA varNana nahIM hotA, kisI puruSa dvArA dhobI ke ghara se dUsare ke 1. samayasAra, gAbhA 14, prAramakhyAti TIkA, pRSTha 36-40 2. samayasAra, gAthA, 16 tAtparyavRtti TIkA, pRSTa 18 3. vahI, gAthA 23, 24, 25, kI prAramakhyAti TIkA, pRSTha 57, 58 4. bahI, gAthA 28, 29, 30 tAtparyavRtti pRSTha 26, 27 5. vahI, gAthA 27 mAramakhyAti TIkA, puSTha 62 6. vahI, gApA 32 tAtparyavRtti pRSTha 30 7. gApA 26 puSTha 64 5. gAthA 3. puSTha 65

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186 ] [ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva vastra lAne tathA use apanA samajhane' nijaka ratala ninyasta vismRtacAmIka rAvalokana nyAya2 mATha lakar3iyoM ke saMyoga se nirmita bhinna palaMga para sone vAle puruSa kI bhAMti ityAdi aneka dRSTAMta AcArya amRtacandra ne apanI vyAkhyA meM diye haiM unheM jyoM kA tyoM prAcArya jayasena ne apanI tAtparyavRtti meM bhI grahaNa kara prastuta kiyA hai| itanA hI nahIM, kahIM kahIM to jayasena ne amRtacandra kI sUtrarUpeNa kAtha nazailI ko bhI usI rUpa meM nirdiSTa kiyA hai| udAharaNa ke lie amRtacandra eka sthala para likhate haiM- "evameva ca mohapadaparivartanena rAgadveSa krodhamAnanAyAlobhakarmanokarma manovacanakAyadhotracakSanAMgarasanasparzana sUtrANi SoDaza vyAkhyeyAni / anayAdizAnyAnyapyUhAmi / ' isI kA anukaraNa bhI dekhiye prAcArya jayasena dvArA, yathA - evameva mohapadaparivartanena rAgadvapakrodhamAnamAyAlobhakarmamanovacanakAyathotracakSuNirasanasparza sUtrANi Sor3aza vyAkhyeyAni / anena prakAreNAnyAnyapyasaMkhyeyalokamAtraamitAni vibhAva pariNAmarUpANi jJAtavyAni / amRtacandra kA jayasena para gahana evaM vyApaka prabhAva kA sabase bar3A pramANa to yaha hai ki jayasena ne kahIM kahIM to samayasAra kI gAthA para apanI kucha bhI vyAkhyA na likhakara AcArya amRtacandra kI sampUrNa gAthA TIkA ko yathAvat uddhRta kara diyA hai| udAharaNa svarUpa pramutacandrAcArya kRta samayasAra kI gAthA kramAMka 266 se 266 taka kI AtmakhyAti TIkA jayasena ne zabdazaH pUrNataH uddhRta kI hai| 1. gAthA 35 pRSTha 74 2. gAthA 38 pRSTha 80 3. gAthA 44 pRSTha 10 4. tulanA hetu gAthA kramAMka 34, 35, 40, 43, 46 kI tAtparyavatti TIkA draSTavya hai| 5. samayasAra, gAthA 36, prAtmatyAti TIkA, pRSTha 77 - 58 6. samayasAra, gAthA 41, tAlpani pRSTha 37 7. samayasAra kI gAthA kramAMka 317, 318, 319 tathA 320 kI tAtparyavRpti TIkA draSTavya hai|

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ) [ 187 uparokta sabhI pramANoM evaM AdhAroM para amRtacandra kA prabhAva jayasena para atyaMta spaSTa ho jAtA hai| munirAmasena para prabhAva (bArahavI-terahavI sadI IsvI):- rAmasena nAma ke aneka vyakti hue haiN| ukta muni rAmasena tattvAnuzAsana nAmaka grantha ke kartA hue haiM jinakA samaya IsA kI bArahavIM-terahavIM sadI hai|' jayasenAcArya se pUrva tattvAnazAsanakAra rAmasena amRtacandra kI TIkAoM se paricita evaM prabhAvita the| unhoMne jo nizcaya-vyavahAra kA kathana kiyA hai, vaha amRtacandra ke dvArA pradanita dizA ke anasAra hI hai| tattvAnuzAsana para amRtacandrAcArya ke tattvArthasAra tathA samayasAra Adi TIkAoM kA prabhAva par3A hai, unakI yakti purassara zailI ko apanAyA gayA hai| itanA hI nahIM amita mizcA saura vyavahAra hogA + dRSTi ko amRtacandra kI bhAMti sAtha lekara calA gayA hai| amRtacandra kI kathanazailI evaM tatvadRSTi ke atirikta tattvAnuzAsana meM tAtvika evaM sAhityika anusaraNa bhI pAyA jAtA hai jisake kucha pramANa isa prakAra haiM - ___AcArya amRtacandra meM sAta tattvoM meM heya tathA upAdeyapane kA varNana karate hue likhA hai ki upAdeya tattva jIva tathA heya tattva ajIva haiN| heya kA unAdAna hetu Asrava haiM tathA heya kA upAdAna rUpa baMdha hai| heya ke nAza (hAna) kA hetu saMvara va nirjarA hai aura heya ke paripUrNa nAza rUpa mokSa tatva hai| isalie ukta sAtoM tatvoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| isI kA anukaraNa karate hue rAmasena ne bandha aura usake kAraNa Amrava ko heya tathA mokSa aura usake kAraNa saMvara-nirjarA ko upAdeya tattva nirUpita kiyA hai| ukta donoM vidvAna AcAryoM ke mUla zabda isa prakAra haiM - upAdeyatayA jIvo'jIvo heyatayoditaH / heyasmAsminnupAdAna hetutvenAsravaH smRtaH / / heyasyAdAnarUpeNa bandhaH sa parikIrtitaH / saMvaro nirjaro heyahAnahetutayoditI / / heyaprahANarUpeNa mokSo jIvastra dshitH|| (amRtacandrAcArya) 1. jainendra siddhAMta koza, bhAga 3, pRSTha 41% 2. janasaMdeza zoghAMka, akTUbara 1956, puSTa 10 3. tattvArthasAra, prathama adhikAra, padya kramAMka 7 evaM

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100 ] [ prAcArya amRtacandra vyaktitva evaM kartRtva bandho nibandhanaM cAsya heyamityupadarzitam / yasyAzeSa-duHkhasya yasmAdbIjamidaM dvayam ||4|| caitadupAdeyamudAhRtam mokSastatkAraNaM upAyevaM sukhaM pazyAmAvirbhaviSyata // 5 // rAmasena ) ' anyatra amRtacandra ne nizcaya va vyavahAra kI apekSA se mokSamArga kA nipaNa do prakAra karate hue, unameM nizcaya ko sAdhya tathA vyavahAra ko sAdhana ke rUpa meM nirUpita kiyA hai| inhIM zabdoM kI punarAvRtti rAmasena ne kI hai| unake sAmyadarzaka padya nimnAnusAra hai - nizcayavyavahArAbhyAM mokSamArgoM dviSA sthitaH / ma 3 tatrAdyaH sAdhyarUpaH syAd dvitIyastasya sAdhanam // ( amRtacandra ) 2 bhokSahetuputra ghA nizcayAd vyavahArataH 1 tatrA'dyaH sAdhyarUpaH syAd dvitIyastasya sAdhanam || ( rAmasena ) 3 upayukta pramANoM se yaha bAta pramANita ho jAtI hai ki AcArya amRtacandra kA prabhAva munirAmasena para bhI thA / brahmadevasUri para prabhAva (1262-1323 IsvI) Apa bAlabrahmacArI the, isI se ApakA nAma brahmadeva pdd'aa| Apa samayasAra ke TIkAkAra jayasena ke sagharmA the kyoMki unakI upadeza zailI se brahmadeva kI zailI meM atyadhika sAmya dikhAI detA hai| inakA samaya IsvI 1262 se 1323 hai / inakI kRtiyoM meM dravyasaMgrahaTIkA, paramAtmaprakAzaTIkA, tattvadIpaka jJAnadIpaka, trivarNAcAra dIpaka, pratiSThAtilaka Adi mukhya haiM | AcArya amRtacandra ke pazcAt hone vAle brahmadeva para unake vyaktitva kA prabhAva thA, jisake nimna prAdhAra haiN| 1 1. brahmadeva ne apanI paramAtmaprakAzaTIkA meM amRtacandra ke grantha puruSarthasiddhayupAya se 296 vA padma "darzanAtmavinizcitirAtmaparijJAnamiSyate bodhaH / ityAdi padya uddhRta kiyA hai|" yaha padya " tathA coktam" 1. tattvAnuzAsana padya kramAMka 4 tathA 5 2. tattvArthasAra upasaMhAra, padya naM. 2 - 3. tattvAnuzAsana padya kramAMka 28 4. jainendra siddhAnta koza, bhAga 3, pRSTha 205 5. paramAtma prakAza gAthA 66 kI TIkA

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Re Rece vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] [ 186 kahakara pramANa rUpa meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai| isase spaSTa hotA hai ki brahmadeva amRtacandra ko pramANa rUpa meM svIkAra karate haiM / 2. paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI likhate haiM ki aisA pratIta hotA hai ki AcArya kundakunda ke granthoM para AcArya amRtacandra kI TIkAe~ race jAne para unake bAda ke vidvAnoM aura vidyArasika granthakAroM kA dhyAna vizeSa rUpa se kundakunda ke sAhitya ko ora AkRSTa huA thaa| brahmadeva kI dravyasaMgrahIkA bhI isakA eka udAharaNa hai / " isa prakAra AcArya amRtacandra kA prabhAva brahmadevasUri para bhI prakaTa hotA hai / kavi uDDA para prabhAva (668 IsvI) ye saMskRta ke acche vidvAna the| inakA nivAsa sthAna cittaur3a thaa| inake pitA kA nAma zrIpAla thA / ye poravAla jAti ke the| inakI eka mAtra kRti saMskRta "paMcasaMgraha" hai / kavi uDdA amRtacandrasUri ke bAda tathA ke tathA zramitagati ke pUrva ke vidvAna haiN| inakA samaya vi. saM. 1055 ( IsvI 668 ) hai / kavi DaDDhA AcArya amRtacandra se prabhAvita the| isakA AdhAra nimnAnusAra hai - - uDDhA ne apane grantha paMcasaMgraha meM amRtacandra ke grantha ke patha ko apane kathana ke samarthana meM "uktaM ca" rUpa se prastuta kiyA hai| amRtacandra ne likhA hai ki "solaha kaSAya va nI nokaSAya" kahIM gaI hai| inameM jo kicit bheda hai, vaha nahIM ginA jAtA hai isalie donoM milAkara paccIsa kaSAya kahalAtI hai| unakA mUla padya isa prakAra hai - SoDazava kaSAyAH syunakaSAyA naveritAH / ISadbhedo na bhedo'tra kaSAyAH paMcaviMzatiH // 3 amRtacandra ke ukta padya ko DaDDhA ne apane grantha paMcasaMgraha ke prakRtisamutkIrtana adhikAra meM uddhRta kiyA hai / * isa taraha amRtacandra kA prabhAva DaDDhA para bhI par3A hai| 1. jaina saMdeza zodhAMka 25, lekha paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI, pRSTha 7 (akTUbara 67 ) 2. rAjasthAna kA jaina sAhitya, pRSTha 27-68 3. tattvArthasAra, baMdhAdhikAra, padya kramAMka 11 4. jaina saMdeza zodhAMka- 26 (26 pharavarI, 1968 )

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160 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva mAiladhAra (136.6246 IpI) ... nAcavala ne apane grantha kI antima gAthAoM meM prAcArya devasena (863-643 IsvI) ko apanA guru ghoSita kiyA hai| unakI ekamAtra kRti nayacakra hai| ukta grantha meM dravyasaMgraha tathA padmanaMdipaMcaviMzati ke ekatyasaptati se kucha uddharaNa prastuta kiye gaye haiN| unakA samaya 1136 aura 1243 IsvI ke bIca kA hai|' nayacakra kA dUsarA nAma dravya svabhAva prakAzaka bhI hai| ukta granthakartA mAillaghavala para prAcArya amRtacandra kA prabhAva par3A thaa| isake kucha AdhAra isa prakAra haiM -- dasavIM IsvI sadI meM AcArya amRtacandra kI TIkAoM kI racanA hone para vibhinna lekhakoM ne apanI racanAeM kii| tatpazcAta bhAilaghavala ne bhI dravyasvabhAva prakAzaka aparanAma nayacakra nAmaka grantha racA aura usameM nayoM ke vivecana ke sAtha adhyAtma kA bhI vivecana kiyA / ' ukta vivecana meM unhoMne amRta candrakRta paMcAstikAya kI saMskRta TIkA se bhI kucha upayogI viSayavastu grahaNa kii| DaoN, hIrAlAla evaM DaoN. e. ena. upAdhye ne ukta Azaya kA samarthana karate hue likhA hai ki dravyasvabhAva prakAzaka grantha saMskRta meM anavAda mAtra nahIM hai, pratyata isameM kundakunda ke samayasAra tathA usakI amRtacandra kRta TIkA ke upayogI aMza pAye jAte haiN| ata: AcArya amRtacandra kA prabhAva mAiladhavala para bhI spaSTa pratIta hotA hai| narendrasena para prabhAva (1068 IsvI) - lAr3abAgar3a saMdha kI gurvAvali ke anusAra Apa guNasena ke ziSya, udayasena ke sagharmA aura guNasena dvitIya, jayasena dvitIya tathA udayasena dvitIya ke guru the| inako kRti kA nAma siddhAMtasArasaMgraha hai| inakA samaya IsvI 1068 hai| narendrasena amRtacandra AcArya se prabhAvita the - isake kucha AdhAra isa prakAra haiM - 1. nayacakra, mAhallaghavala kRta kA "janarala eDIToriyala", pRSTha 6-7 2. dravyasvabhAba prakAzaka (nayacakra)-prastAvanA, pRSTha 21 3. bahI-ja'janarala eDIToriyama" pRSTha 7 i. e. This is not just a Sanskrit rende ring but contains useful moatter from the samayasara (of Kundakunda and Aurtachandra's exposition of the same." Page-7. 4. jainendrasiddhAMtakoza,bhAga 2 pRSTha 576

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] [ 191 1. unakA siddhAMtasAra saMgraha graMtha prAcArya amRtacandra ke tattvAryasAra kI zailI para racA gayA hai| . 2. sampUrNa grantha tattvArthasAra kI bhAMti saMskRta ke anuSTup chaMdoM meM zikSA gayA hai| 3. siddhAMtasAra racane kI preraNA narendrasena ne abhUtacandra ke tattvArthasAra se grahaNa kI / isa sambandha meM paM0 kailAzacandra zAstrI ne bhI apanA samarthana vyakta karate haye likhA hai ki donoM granthoM ke aMtarparIkSaNa evaM tulanA karane se patA calatA hai ki narendrasena ko tattvArthasAra se siddhAMtasAra racane kI preraNA milI / narendrasena ke pUrvaja jayasena ne to apane dharmaratnAkara meM amRtacandra kA puruSArthasiddhyapAya kA adhikAMza bhAma uddhata kiyA hai / yadyapi narendra sena ne aisA nahIM kriyA parantu apane siddhAMtasAra meM prakArAntara se tattvArthasAra ko apanA liyA hai| donoM granthoM ke nAmakaraNa meM bhI bhAvasAmya hai|' paMDita prAzAdhara para prabhAva (1173-1243)- ApakA janma nAgaura ke pAsa mANDalagar3ha meM huA thA, parantu' bAdazAha zahAbuddIna ke atyAcAra ke kAraNa mAlavA deza kI dhArAnagarI meM rahane lage / Apake pitA sallakSaNa tathA mAtA ratno bagheravAla jAti ke the| Apa uccakoTi ke vidvAna tathA paM0 AzAdhara nAma se prasiddha the| ApakA samaya IsvI 1173 se 1243 thaa| ApakI lagabhaga 20 kRtiyA~ upalabdha hotI haiM unameM sAgAra gharmAmRta, anagAradharmAmRta, adhyAtmarahasya, iSTopadeza TIkA, bhagavatI ArAdhanA TIkA, sahasranAma Adi ullekhanIya the / ' Apa AcArya amRtacandra ke vyaktitva tathA kRtitva se prabhAvita the / isake kucha mAghAra isa prakAra haiM - 1. pAzAghara ne apanI kRtiyoM meM amRtacandra kI kaI kRtiyoM ke uddharaNa apane tatvanirUpaNa kI puSTi hetu pramANarUpeNa prastuta kiye haiN| udAharaNa ke liye anagAra dharmAmRta grantha meM prAzAdhara ne amRtacandra ke 1. janasAhitya kA itihAsa, bhAga 2 pRSTha 355 2. janendra siddhAMtakoza-bhAga prathama-pRSTha 264

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192 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva puruSArthasiddhya pAya ke 16 pada' samayasAra kalaza ke 14 kalaza, tatvArthasAra kA adhikAra 2 kA 58 zlIka tathA prabacanasAra kI tattvapradIpikA TIkA kA eka pada pramANarUpa meM uddhata kiyA hai| isase amRtacandra ke vya' lAdaka sahatA hai| 2. pAzAdhara ne amRtacandra ke granthoM se padoM ko uddhata hI nahIM kiyA hai apitu kucha padyoM ko zAbdika parivartana ke sAtha prastuta kara apane grantha meM samAhita kiyA hai| una padyoM meM adhikAMza sAmya bhI pAyA jAtA hai / aise sAmyadarzaka padyoM ke kucha udAharaNa isa prakAra haiM - nizcayamiha bhUtArtha vyavahAraM varNayantyabhUtArtham / bhUtArtha bodhavimukhaH prAyaH savo'pi saMsAraH / / (amRtacandra ) vyavahAramabhUtArthaM prAyo bhUtArtha vimukhajana mohAt / kevalamupayujAno vyaMjanavad bhrazyati svArthAt / / (paM. prAzAdhara)5 eka sthala para amRtacandra likhate haiM ki jo jIva nizcaya ke svarUpa ko na jAnakara usako hI nizcaya se aMgIkAra karatA hai vaha mUrkha bATa kriyA meM AlasI hai aura bAhya kriyA rUpa prAcaraNa kA nAza karatA hai / isI abhiprAya kA samarthana evaM punarAvRtti paM. AzAghara bhI karate haiN| donoM ke mUla kathana isa prakAra haiM - nizcayamabudhyamAno yo nizcayatastameva sNshryte| nAzayati karaNacaraNaM sa bahiH karaNAlaso bAlaH / / (amRtacandra) vyavahAraparAcIno nizcayaM yazcikIrSati / bIjA dinA binA mur3haH sa sasyAni sisRkSati // (paM. AzAdhara) 1. puruSArtha siddha yupAya ke kramazaH 16 pada isa prakAra una ta hai-padya naM. 220, 211, 225, 34, 33, 32, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 46, 48, 42, 66, 111, 112, 113 tathA 114 2. samayasAra kalaza ke 14 kalaza kramazaH 164, 205, 131, 110, 24, 225, 226, 227, 228, 226, 230, 231, 214 tathA 111 haiN| 3. pravacanasAra, caraNAnuyogacUlikA (tattvapradIpikA TIkA) padya kramAMka 13 4. puruSAmiddha yupAya, padya naM. 5 5.. anagAradhamAmRta, adhyAya prathama, paca naM. 16 6. puruSArtha sikha yupAya, padya naM. 5 7. anagAradharmAmRta, adhyAya prathama, padya naM. 100

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] [ 163 isI taraha amRtacandra ne prathama avasthA meM vyavahAranaya ko hastAvalaMba rUpa batAyA, sAtha ho khaMda bhI vyakta kiyA ki vaha bhI paradravyoM se bhinna, caitanyacamatkAra mAtra deyane (anamava karane vAloM ke lie yaha vyavahAra bhaya kucha bhI upayogo nahIM hai / yathA -- dhyapaharaNanavaH sthAt pardhA .. 36mAM, iha nihitapadAnAM hantahastAvalambaH / tadapi paramartha ciccamatkAra mAtra para birahitamantaH pazyatAMnaSa kiMcit / / ' inhIM zabdoM tathA bhAvoM ko grahaNa kara paM. AzAdhara ne bhI likhA hai ki jaise naTa rassI para svacchandatApUrvaka bihAra karane ke lie bArambAra bAMsa kA sahArA lete haiM aura usameM dakSa ho jAne para usakA sahArA chor3a dete haiM, vaise hI dhIra mumukSa ko nizcaya meM nirAvalambana pUrvaka vihAra karane ke lie bArambAra vyavahAranaya kA avalambana lenA cAhie tathA usameM (nizcaya meM) samartha ho jAne para vyavahAra kA Alambana chor3a denA caahie| mUla gAthA isa prakAra hai bhUtArtha rajjuvatsveraM bihatu vaMzabanamUhaH / / thayo dhIrerabhUtArthoM heyastavihatIzvaraiH / / (paM. AzAghara )2 yahAM hama amRtacandra ke anukaraNa para likhe gaye paM. pAzAdhara ke padyoM ko mUla rUpa meM hI prastuta karate haiN| 1, bandhana hone tathA na hone ke niyama kA ullekha amRtacandra ne isa prakAra kiyA hai yenAMzena sudRSTistenAMzenAsya bandhana nAsti / yenAMzena tu rAgastenAMzenAsya bandhanaM bhavati / / yenAMzena tu jJAnaM tenAMzenAsya bandhanaM nAsti / grenAMzena tu rAgastenAMzenAsya bandhanaM bhavati / / yenAMzena caritraM tenAMzenAsya bandhanaM nAsti / yenAMzena tu rAgastenAMzenAsya bandhanaM bhavati / / (amRtacandra) uparokta tInoM padyoM kA bhAva eka hI patra meM samAhita karake paM. AzAghara ne likhA hai 1. samayasAra kalaza, naM. 5 2. anagAradharmAmRta, pradhyAma prathama, padya naM. 101 3. puruSArtha sira yupAya, padya kramAMka 212, 213, 214

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164 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva yenAMzena vizuddhiH syAjjantostena na bandhanam / yenAMzena tu rAgaH syAttena syAdeva bandhanam / / (paM. AzAghara)' 2. rAgAdi kI anutpatti ko ahiMsA tathA usako utpatti ko hiMsA batAte hue amRtacandra jainAgama kA sAra isa prakAra vyakta karate haiM - aprAdurbhAvaH khalu rAgAdInAM bhavatyahiseti / teSAmevotpattihise ti jinAgamasya saMkSepaH // isI abhiprAya kI punarAvRtti paM. pAzAghara nimna zabdoM meM karate haiM paraM jinAgamasyedaM rahasyamavadhAryatAm / hiMsA rAgAyudbhutirahiMsA tadanudbhavaH // 3, AcArya amRtacandra likhate haiM ki yadyapi paravastu ke kAraNa AtmA ko jarA bhI hiMsA nahIM hotI, tathApi pariNAmoM kI nirmalatA ke liye hiMsA ke sthAnoM se nivRtta ho jAnA cAhiye / yathA - sUkSmApi na khalu hiMsA paravastu nibandhanA bhavati pusaH / hiMsAyatana nivRtti: pariNAmavizuddhaye tadapi kAryA / / ina zabdoM kA jyoM kA tyoM anusaraNa karate hue paM0 AzAghara bhI likhate haiM -- hiMsA yadyapi pusa: syAmna svalpApyanya vastutaH / tathApi hiMsAyatanAdviramedbhAvavizuddhaye / / 4. prAtmA ke zuddhopayoga rUpa pariNAmoM ke ghAta hone ko hI hiMsA batAte hue tathA asatya vacanAdi bhedoM ko ziSyoM ko samajhAne ke lie kahA gayA hai - isa prakAra kathana karate hue amRtacanna ne likhA hai - AtmapariNAma hiMsanahetutvAtsarvameva hisatat / anutabasanAdi kevalamudAhRtaM ziSyabodhAya / / ' isI kathana ko AdhAra banAkara paM0 pAzAdhara ne bhI likhA hai - 1. anagAradharmAmRta, adhyAya prathama, praloka naM. 110 2. puruSArthasiddha yupAya, padya naM. 44 3. anagAra dharmAmRta, adhyAya caturtha zloka naM. 26 4, puruSArthasiddha yupAya, padya naM. 46 5. anagAra dharmAmRta, adhyAya 4 padya naM. 28 6. puruSArthasiddha yupAya, padya naM. 42

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] 165 sukhamacalamahisA lakSaNAdeva dharmAt, bhavati vidhirazeSo'pyasya zeSo'nukalpaH / iha bhavagahane'sAveda dura durApaH, pravacanavacanAnAM jIvitaM cAyameva / / ' 5. kartA-karma Adi kA bheda vyavahAradRSTi meM kahA gayA hai parantu nizcayadRSTi se to kartA-karma ke bheda do padArthoM meM ghaTita na hokara eka hI meM ghaTita hote haiM yathA - vyAvahArika-darzava kevalaM, kata-karma ca vibhinna miSyate / nizcayena yadi vastu cintyate katuM karma ca sadakamiSyate ||(amRtcndr) isI siddhAMta ko lagabhaga inhIM zabdoM meM . AzAghara likhate haiM - kAdyA vastuno bhinnA yena nishcysiddhye| sAdhyante vyavahAro'sau nizcayastadabhedadaka // isa prakAra AcArya amRtacandra kA gambhIra prabhAva paM0 AzAghara para spaSTataH prakaTa hotA hai / paNDita rAjamalla pANDe (IsvI 1546-1605) - Apa magadha deza ke virATanagara meM bAdazAha akabara ke samaya meM nivAsa karate the| Apa kASThAsaMghI bhaTTArakoM kI AmnAya ke paMDita the / paM0 banArasIdAsa ne inheM "pANDe" rAjamalla nAma se ullikhita kiyA hai / ApakI kRtiyoM meM amRtacandrAcArya kRta prAtmakhyAti samayasAra kalaza TIkA kI radArI hindI bhASA meM bAlabodha TIkA, piMgala grantha-chaMdovidyA, paMcAstikAya TIkA, lATI saMhitA, paMcAdhyAyI, jambusvAmIcaritra tathA adhyAtmakamalamArtaNDa mukhya haiN| inakA samaya IsvI 1546-1605 hai| 1. paMDita rAjamalla pANDe AcArya amRtacandra ko kRtiyoM ke marmajJa, tathA rasikaH vidvAna the / amRtacandra ke vyaktitva kA vizeSa prabhAva evaM unakI kRtiyoM kA prabhutva rAjamalla kI kRtiyoM para thA / isa sambandha meM paMDita banArasIdAsa ne apane grantha nATaka samayasAra meM pANDe rAjamalla kI samayasAra marmajJatA kA ullekha kiyA hai / yathA - pANDe rAjamalla jinadharmI, samayasAra nATaka ke mrmii| tina hi grantha kI TIkA kInI, bAlabodha sugama kari dInI // 5 - --- - - 1. anagAra dharmAmRta, adhyAya SaSTha, zloka 81 / 2. samayasAra kalaza, kramAMka 210 3, pranagAra dharmAmRta, adhyAya prathama, padya naM. 102 4. jainendrasiddhAMtakoza, bhAga3 pRSTha 414 5. samayasAra nATaka, maMtimaprazasti, padya naM. 23 -

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166 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva 2. amRtacandra kA paM. rAjamalla para aisA prabhAva par3A ki unakI kRtiyoM meM yatra tatra prAcArya amRtacandra kI TIkAoM ke mUlazabda, vAkya evaM yathAvat bhAvaprasphuTana huA hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki unakI paMcAdhyAyI kRti ko, amRtacandra kI TIkAoM, bhAvoM tathA zailI se anuprANita evaM samaMjita dekhakara, bhramavazAt amRtacandra ko hI kRti kucha vidvAnoM ne samajha lI thI / ' amRtacandra kI racanAzailI kI sAmyatA paM. rAjamalla kI kRtiyoM meM spaSTa dikhAI detI hai| udAharaNa ke lie - amRtacandra ne cetanA prakaraNa ke antargata jJAnacetanA kI vyAkhyA karate hue likhA hai ki AtmA apane ko - jJAnamAtra ko cetane se svayaM hI jJAnacetanA hai. aisA Azaya hai| unake mUla zabda isa prakAra haiM - "svasya jJAnamAtrasya cetanAt svayameva jJAnacetanA bhavatIti bhAvaH / inhIM zabdoM ko paMcAdhyAyIkAra ne zlokabaddha karake prastuta kiyA hai yathA - pratrAtmA jJAnazabdena vAcya stanmAtrataH svayam / sa netyate'nayA zukhaH zuddhA yA zAla cetanA : (:nAjAgA) 3. prAcArya amRtacandra vyavahAra naya ko kathaMcit prayojanIya batAte hue likhate haiM - "vyavaharaNanayaH syAdyadyapi prAkyapadavyA miha nihitapadAnAM hata hastAvalambaH / tadapi paramamartha ciccamatkAra mAtra paravirahitamaMtaH pazyatAM naiSa kiMcit // ' ukta padya racanA ke pUrva TIkA meM amanacandra ne spaSTa kiyA hai ki vyavahAranaya vicitra aneka varNamAlA ke samAna hone se jAnane meM AtA huA usa kAla meM prayojanavAna hai - kyoMki tIrtha tathA tIrtha ke phala kI aisI hI vyavasthA hai| TIkA ke mUla zabda isa prakAra hai - "vyavahAranayo vicitravarNamAlikAsthAnIyatvAtparijJAyamAnastadAtve prayojanavAn, tIrtha 1. paMcAdhyAyI, prastAvanA pRSTha 15, paM. phUlacanda zAstrI (TIkAkAra, "paNDita devakInandana) 2. samayasAra, gAthA 386 kI prAramakhyAti TIkA, pRSTha 520 3. paMcAdhyAyI, adhyAya 2, pana naM. 166 4. samayasAra kalaza kAMka 4

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] [ 167 tIrthaphalayoritthameva vyavasthitatvAt / " amRtacandra ne eka sthala para mahiSa ke ( maiM se kA) dhyAna kA dRSTAnta dete hue likhA hai -- "yathA bA'parIkSakAcAryAdezena mugdhaH kazcinmahiSadhyAnAviSTo'zAnAnmahiSAtmAnA dekIkurvanAtmanya kaSaviSANamahAmahiSatvAdhyAsAt pracyata mAnuSocitApavarakadvAra vinissaraNatayA tathA vidhasya bhAvasya kartA pratibhAti / isa prakAra uparokta zabdoM evaM bhAvoM ko paM. rAjamalla ne nimna padyoM meM jyoM kA tyoM samAhita karake prastuta kiyA hai / ve padma isa prakAra haiM - tasmAdAzrayaNIyaH kecit sa nayaH prasaMgatvAt / api savikalpAnAmiva na zreyo nirvikalpa bodhavatAm / / navaM yato'sti bhedo'nirvacanIyo nayaH sa paramArthaH / tasmAttIrthasthitaye zreyAna kazcit sa yAbadUko'pi / / daSTAnto'pi ca mahiSadhyAnAviSTo yathA hi ko'pi nrH| mahiSo'yamahaM nasyopAsaka iti nayAvalambI sthAt // isase spaSTa hai ki AcArya amRtacandra kA prabhAva paM. rAjamalla pANDe para thaa| paNDita banArasIvAsa para prabhAva (IsvI 1587-1644) - Apa AgarA ke nivAsI, zrImAlavaizya the| Apake pitA kharagasena the| prArambha meM Apa zvetAmbara aAmnAya meM the, bAda meM digambara ho gye| Apa javAharAta ke vyApArI the| gosvAmI tulasIdAsa ke samakAlIna the ! prApakI nimna kRtiyAM prasiddha haiM - navarasa padyAvali, nAmamAlA, nATakAsamayasAra, banArasI bilAsa, karmaprakRtividhAna, arghakathAnaka Adi / pApakA samaya IsvI 1555-1644 hai| Apa AcArya amRtacandra ke vyaktitva va kRtitva se prabhAvita hI nahIM the, apitu unhoMne unake granyoM ko AtmasAt karake AdhyAtmika racanAeM kii| prAkRta bhASA meM upalabdha AcArya kundakunda svAmI kA samayaprAmRta tathA usakI amatacandrAcArya kRta yAtmakhyAti-samayasAra kalaza dIkA ko prAtmasAt karake nATakasamayasAra kI racanA kI gaI hai| yadyapi nATakasamayasAra amRtacandra kRta 1. samayasAra, pAtmakhyAti sIkA gAthA 12 2. samayasAra, prAramasyApti TIkA, gAthA 66 3. paMcAdhyAyI, adhyAya prathama, kramAMka 633.61, 646

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168 ] AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartuM sva kalazoM kA honAdhika rUpa se chAyAnuvAda sA pratIta hotA hai, tathApi banArasIdAsa ne apanI prakhara pratibhA dvArA use advitIya zrAdhyAtmika raMga meM raMgA hai| yaha eka bar3A hI apUrva grantha hai|" isa saMdarbha meM DaoN. ravIndra kumAra jaina likhate haiM ki prAcArya pravara kundakunda kA samayaprAmRta usakI amRtacandrAcArya kRta "AtmakhyAti" nAmaka saMskRta TIkA aura paM. rAjamalajI kRta bhASA TIkA ina tInoM granthoM ke AdhAra para hI isa hindI padya baddha grantha nATakasamayasAra kA praNayana huA hai / kavivara para AcArya kundakunda evaM amRcandra AcArya kA prabhAva avazya rahA hai / banArasIdAsajI ne samayasAra ke kalazoM kA anuvAda hI nahIM zrapitu unake marma ko apane DhaMga se vyakta kiyA hai jisase vaha bilkula svatantra grantha jaisA mAlUma hotA hai / yaha kArya vahI lekhaka kara sakatA hai jisane usake sunAya ko yoga karake apanA banA liyA hai / itanA hI nahIM, paM. banArasIdAsajI ne viSaya vyavasthA meM bhI amRtacandra kA anukaraNa kiyA hai| unakA nATakasamayasAra grantha amRtacandra ke kalazoM kA honAdhika, saMkSipta aura vizad mUlAnugAmo padyAnuvAda hai / jo AlaMkArika bahuraMgI raMgoM meM prasphuTita huA hai / pa. banArasIdAsa nai svayaM grantha kI prazasti meM isa bAta kA ullekha karate hue kiyA haiM, I likhA hai bhaNDAra / samayasAra nATaka akatha, anubhava rasa yAko rasa jo jAnahIM, so pAyeM bhavapAra || anubhau rasa ke rasiyAne, tIna prakAra ekatra bakhAneM / samayasAra kalazA zrati nIkA, rAjamalI sugama yaha TIkA tAkai anukrama bhASA kInI, banArasI gyAtA rasalInI / aisA grantha apUraba bhAyA, tAneM sabakA manahi lubhAyA // 4 -- AcArya zramRtacandra ne samayasAra TIkA ke aMta meM "sthAdvAdadvAra" svayaM racakara jor3a diyA hai| isase grantha kI upayogitA aura bhI adhika ho gaI hai| unhoMne syAdvAdadvAra ke sambandha meM atyanta bhavya udgAra vyakta 1. jaina hitaiSI, sampAdaka nAthUrAma premI, navambara-disambara 1916, bhAga 12, aMka 11-12 pRSTha 562 2. kavivara banArasIdArA jIvanI aura kRtitva, gruSTha 126 3. vahI, pRSTha 142 - 143 4. IDara ke bhaNDAra kI prati kA antima aMza, padya kramAMka 1, J

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ) [ 196 kiye haiN| paM. banArasIdAsa ne ve udgAra padyabaddha kiye haiN| jo isa prakAra haiM adbhuta grantha adhyAtama vAnI, samjhe koI biralA jJAnI / yAma syAdvAda adhikArA, tAkI jo kI bisAtArA / / to girastha ati zobhA pAve, vaha mandira yahu kalaza kahAve / tabacita amRtavacana gar3hi khole, amRtacandra acAraja bole / ' paM. banArasIdAsa ne amRtacandra ke kalazoM evaM bhAvoM ko kisa prakAra AtmasAt karake padyaracanA dvArA abhivyakta kiyA hai, usake kucha udAharaNa prastuta haiM - 1. eka sthala para prAcArya ne navatattvarUpa vividha avasthAoM meM chipI prAtmajyoti ko viviSavarNasamUha meM chipe svarNa se udAharata karake vividha prakAra dikhAI dene vAlI kahA, parantu paryAya dRSTi chor3akara zuddhanaya rUpa dravyadRSTi se use caitanya camatkAra mAtra prakAzamAna nirUpita kiyA hai / yathA - ciramiti navatatvacchannamunnIyamAnaM, kanakamiva nimagnaM varNamAlA kalApe / atha satatatriviktaM dRzyatAmekarUpaM, pratipadamidamAtmajyotirudyotamAnam / / isI kalaza kA bhAvArtha paNDita banArasIdAsa ne ina zabdoM meM saMjoyA hai - jaise banavArI meM sudhAta ke milApa hema, ___ nAnA bhAMti bhayo pai tathApi eka nAma hai / kasike kasauTI lIku nirakhaM sarApha tAhi, vAna ke pravAna kari letu detu dAma hai || tase hI anAdi pudgala sauM saMjogI jIva, nava tattva rUpa meM marUpI mahApAma hai| dIse unamAna sauM udyotavAn Thaura Thaura, dUsaroM na aura eka prAtama hI rAma hai|' 2. isI taraha nijAtmA kA svarUpa darzAte hue AcArya amRtacandra ne likhA hai - 1. nATakasa gasAra, syAdvAdadvAra, 1, 2 2. samayasAra kalaza, padya naM. 8 3. samayasAra nATaka, bhovatAra, padya' naM .

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200 / [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva sarvataH svarasanirbhara bhAvaM cetaye svayamahaM sva mihakam / nAsti nAsti' mama kazcana mohaH zuddhacidghanamahonidhirasmi // ' isa zloka kA sAra banArasIdAsajI ke sarasa zabdoM meM isa prakAra haikahai vicakSaNapuruSa sadA maiM eka ho, apane rasasauM bharyo mApanI Teka hoN| moha karma mama nAhi nAhi bhramakUpa hai, zuddha cetanA sindhu hamAroM rUpa hai // 3. kartA, karma aura kriyA kA svarUpa batAte hue una tInoM ko eka hI vastu ke tIna nAma maMda karate hue amRtacandra likhate haiM - yaH pariNamati sa kartA, yaH pariNAmI bhavettu tatkarma / yA pariNati: kriyA sA trayamapi bhinnaM na vastutayA // ' uparokta zlokagata bhAvoM ko kitane sarala evaM subodha zabdoM meM paM. banArasIdAsa ne vyakta kiyA hai| unake zabda isa prakAra haiM - karatA pariNAmI daraba, karama rUpa pariNAma / kiriyA parajaya kI phirani, vastu eka praya nAma / isa taraha ke eka do hI nahIM, saikar3oM udAharaNa prastuta kiye jA sakate haiM, kyoMki sampUrNa hI grantha amRtacandra kRta samayasAra kalaza evaM TIkA para mukhyapane AdhArita hai| aMta meM samyagjJAna ke binA sampUrNa cAritra nissAra hai, yahAM taka ki mahAvrata-samiti Adi kA pAlana bhI koI kImata nahIM rakhatA" isa bAta kA spaSTIkaraNa karate hue prAcArya amRtacandra ghoSaNA karate haiM ki - samyagdRSTiH svayamayamahaM jAtu bandho na me sthAd, ityuttAnotpulakavadanA rAgiNo'pyAcarantu / AlambantAM samitiparatAM te yato'dyApi pApA, AtmAnAtmAvagama virahAt santi smyktvriktaaH||5 1. samayasAra kalaza, padya naM.30 2. samayasAra nATaka - jIyadvAra, paca naM 33 3. samayasAra kalaza, paca naM. 51 4. samayasAra nATaka, kaphima kriyA dvAra, paca 7 5. samasAra kalaza, RmAna 137

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] _ [ 201 tathA jJAnahIna kriyA mokSadAyI nahIM hotI isa sambandha meM bhI spaSTa likhA hai - 'vilApatA padhana duSkaratarakSionmukheH karmabhiH / klizyatAM ca pare mahAvratatapo bhAreNa bhaganAzciram // sAkSAnmokSa idaM nirAmayapadaM saMvedyamAnaM svayam / jJAnaM jJAnaguNa binA kathamapi prAptu kSamante na hi // uparokta donoM padyoM kA anusaraNa karate huye banArasIdAsa jI ne hindI padyAnuvAda ina zabdoM meM kiyA hai - "jo nara samyakavaMta kahAvata, samyagjJAnakalA nahiM jAgI / Atama aMga prabaMdha vidhArata, ghArata saMga kaha hama tyAgI / / bheSa ghareM munirAja paTatara, aMtara mohamahAnala dAgI / sunna hiye karatUti karai, para so saTha jIva na hoya virAgI / / tathA Age ve punaH likhate haiM - koI krUra kaSTa sahaiM, tapasauM zarIra dahaiM, ghUmrapAna kareM adhomukha bake bhUle haiN| keI mahAyata gahaiM kriyA meM magana rahaiM, bahaiM manibhAra pai payAra kaise prale haiM / / ityAdika jIvani ko sarvathA mukati nAhi, phire jagamAhi jyoM vayAri ke babUle haiN| jina ke hie meM jJAna tinha hI koM niravAna, karama ke karatAra bharama meM bhUle haiM / / DA0 jagadIzacandra jaina ne jambUsvAmI carita kI prastAvanA meM likhA hai ki amRtacandrasUri ke grAtmakhyAti samayasAra kI taraha paM0 banArasIdAsa ne apane nATaka samayasAra ke prAdi meM cidAtmabhAva ko namaskAra karake saMsAra tApa ko zAMti tathA apane mohanIya karma ke nAza ke lie ukta grantha kI racanA kI aura usameM kundakundAcArya tathA amRtacandrAcArya kA smaraNa kiyA hai / kavi ne apane grantha ko AtmakhyAti ke DhaMga 1. samayasAra kalaza naM. 142 2. samayasAra nATaka, nirAhAra patha kramAMka 8 3. bAhI, pacaM kamAMka 21

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202 ) / bhAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva para aneka chaMda, alaMkAra Adi se susajjita adhyAtma zAstra kI ati sundara racanA karake jaina sAhitya ke gaurava ko vRddhigata kiyA hai / ' isa prakAra AcArya amRtacandra kA prabhAva paM0 banArasIdAsa para spaSTa prakaTa hotA hai| paNDita bhUdharadAsa para prabhAva (1732 IsvI)- pApa AgarA nivAsI tathA khaNDelavAla jaina the / yApakI kRtiyoM meM pramukha kRti "pAcapurANa" hai / ApakA samaya 1786 saMvat (1722 IsvI) hai| Apa AcArya amRtacandra kI kRtiyoM se vizeSa prabhAvita the| jisake kula AdhAra isa prakAra haiN| prathama so bhUdharadAsa kA pArzvapurANa yadyapi pArzvanAtha jinendra ke jIvanacarita se sambaddha pradhamAnayoga kA grantha hai, phira bhI isakA bahubhAga dravyAnuyoga viSayaka tattvanirUpaNa meM upayoga kiyA gayA hai / tattvanirUpaNa kA pramukha AdhAra AcArya amRta candra ke ho graMthoM meM vaNita vicAra the| lekhaka ne svayaM bhI isa bAta ko svIkAra kiyA hai| isakA ullekha unhoMne sAta tatva ke nirUpaNa karate samaya kiyA hai / yathA - amRtacandra munirAja kRta kipi artha abadhAra / jIvatattva varNana liyo aba ajIva adhikAra // 3 ukta pramANa se AcArya amRta candra kA prabhAva paNDita bhUdharadAsa para bhI lakSita hotA hai| paM0 hIrAnaMda para pramAva (1613-1683 IsvI ) - paM0 hIrAnaMda AgarA nivAsI paM. jagajIvana ke sAthI the| jagajIvana kI preraNA se paM0 hIrAnaMda ne paMcAstikAya kA padyAnuvAda 1643 IsvI meM kiyA thA / unakA samaya 1613 se 1683 IsvA hai / paM hIrAnaMda AcArya amRtacandra se prabhAvita the, isake kucha AdhAra isa prakAra haiM - 1. ardhakathAnaka, paM. banArasIrAsakRta saMpAdaka - nAthU rAgapremI, pRSTha 86 (1975) prathama saMkhyA 2. bRhata jaina zabdArNava, bhAga 2, pRSTha 572 3. pArzva purANa, adhikAra 6, pRSTha 72-73 (prakAzaka jaina grantha ra0 kA, bambaI) vIra0 ni0 saM0 243 4 (jJAnasAgara presa) 4, paMjAstikAya, samayasAra - 40 hIrAnaMda, prazasti padya 26, pRSTha 166

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dara svasparasanInI kuMkuMdamunijananakArA vAkiyA sAtamahitasArA 24 tisameM nAnAJcarathavidhArA jJAnIjanamanapazmapiyArA vanamahIratIranahipAvai jJAnI janamanajalagAvai 20 zrAgamadhyAtmakathanI jahAMtahAMjinazAsana gathanI zrAgamabhedakathana kokahanA adhyAtamaniramedanivahanA 21 maidAnedadoka ka saMgI syAdavAdazcanAsaravaMgI tAteyAhIracanAmAhI bhedAbheda doU diSa rAhI 22 tAte graMthana yA visatArA daravitanAvinazyavihArA navyajIva sunisunihita um je svaparaviveka vIjayadaniyaje 23 pragaTamoSamAzgadiSarAyA jJAnIjanasunisu niyAyA jahAMtahAM paMcAsatikAyA kathanaJcalatabaDakAlavitAyA 24 sabaka saratacaMda sunirAjA mAnunijamalasamAjA jathAjAtapadavInirayAhI sa tama zraSTama gunazravagAhI 25 sthAdavAdavAdI atinIkA tAkoMde vimAna mata phIkA 12 paMcAstikAya samAra, paM0 hIrAnandana paMcAnuvAda prati kASTha

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204 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartuM tva 1. ve AcArya amRtacandra ke atyadhika prazaMsaka the / unhoMne likhA hai ki amRtacandra munirAja samAja meM nijAmRta ke samAna the / ve sAtaveMAThave guNasthAna meM jhUlate the / ve aise kuzala syAdvAdI vaktA the ki unake samakSa anya mata ke vaktA phIke par3ate the| ye zrAcArya kundakunda ke abhiprAya kare pragaTa karane vAle vaktA the / ve sva para bhedajJAna ke abhyAsa meM pravINa the tathA para ko tyAga kara apane nijAtnasvarUpa meM lona rahate the / " 2. kSepanaMda ne paMcastikA balara padyAnuvAda meM sarvatra AcArya amRtacandra ke maulika bhASoM ko hI abhivyakta kiyA hai / unakI samagra kRti AcArya amRtacandra ke vyaktitva evaM vicAroM se anuprANita hai / ko 3. ke AcArya amRtacandra kI paMcAstikAya ko samayavyAkhyA TIkA ke rasika the / unhoMne apanI anubhUti evaM udgAroM ko vyakta karate hue likhA hai ki paMcAstikAya kI TIkA upanyAsa kI bhAMti rocaka, gambhIra zabda evaM zrayaM vAlI, samasta prakAra ke anumAna pramANa se saMyukta, AtmAnubhava ke amRtarasa se prAplAvita aura kundakunda ke anubhavarasa kI laharayukta taraMgiNI thii| 3 isa prakAra AcArya amRtacandra kA paM0 hIrAnaMda para prabhAva spaSTa hotA hai / paM. pacava, paM. caturbhuja, paM. bhagavatIdAsa, paM. kuMvarapAla prAvi para prabhAva ( 1636 IsvI) - paM. rUpacanda bhI AgarA meM paM. banArasodAsa ke samakAlIna vidvAna kavi the / unakA samaya 1636 IsvI thaa| paM. rUpacanda ne paM. banArasIdAsa kI AsthA ko nirmala evaM dRDha kiyA thA / " uparokta sabhI vidvAna, AcArya amRtacandra se prabhAvita tathA unake sAhitya ke ralika the| paM. rUpacanda ne nATaka samayasAra para bhASA TIkA bhI likhI hai| anya vidvAn, kabhI samayasAra nATaka kA rahasya sunate the, kabhI zAstra sunate the tathA kabhI tarkapUrNa tasvacarcA karane the / ukta sabhI vidvAnoM kA 1. paMcAstivAya, samayasAra padya kramAMka 416 417, 420 tathA 421, pRSTha 163 " 2. bahI padya kramAMka 12 pRSTha 3 tathA padma 12 pRSTha 165 * 3. bahI (hu0li0 prati pRSTha 2 padya 13 tathA pRSTha 110 padya 28) 4. jaina siddhAMta komA, bhAga 3, pRSTha 416 5. samayasAra nATaka ( vikrama saMvat 1656) pRSTha 21 6. bar3I, pRSTha 537 7. nahI, pRSTha 537

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] [ 205 ullekha paM. banArasIdAsa ne apane grantha samayasAra nATaka meM kiyA hai| isase sabhI para prAcArya antayan kA pranAtha spaSTa pragaTa hotA hai| paM. joSarAja godIkA para prabhAva (1643-1703 IsvI) -- paM. jodharAja godIkA sAMgAnera ke nivAsI the| unakA samaya 1643 se 1703 IsvI ke bIca kA hai / unako kRtiyoM meM dharmasarovara, samyaktvakaumudI bhASya, prItaMkaracaritra, kathAkoza, pravacanasAra, bhAvadIpikAvacanikA, jJAnasamudra ityAdi pramukha haiN|' paM. jodharAja godIkA para prAcArya amRtacaMdra kA prabhAva nimna AdhAroM se spaSTa hotA hai - 1. unhoMne amatacandrakRta pravacanasAra kI TIkA kA gambhIra adhyayana kiyA tathA usake ho bhAvoM ko padyoM meM abhivyakta kiyaa| 2. svayaM unhoMne ukta padyAnuvAdarUpa bhASATIkA kI prazasti meM isa bAta kA ullekha kiyA hai ki AcArya amRtacandakRta pravacanasAra kI TIkA paNDitoM dvArA pUjya tathA anupama hai| unakI TokA paM. hemarAja ne ne 'tattvadIpikA vacanikA' nAma se kI hai| ina prakAra ke ullekhoM se AcArya amRtacandra kA prabhAva kavi paM. jodharAja godIkA para bhI lakSita hotA hai| paM. hemarAja para prabhAva (IsvI sattarahavI zatI- paM. hemarAja AgarA nivAsI tathA garga motrIya the| ve paM. rUpacanda ke ziSya the tathA pANDe upanAma se jAne jAte the| unakA samaya IsvI kI sattarahavI zatI yA / inakI pramukha kRtiyAM pravacasAra TIkA, paMcAstikAya TIkA, bhaktAmarabhASya gommaTasAra baca nikA tathA nayacakravacanikA Adi haiN| paM. hemarAja bhI AcArya amutacandra se prabhAvita rahe haiM / isakA sarvaprathama AdhAra yahI hai ki unhoMne AcArya amRtacandra kRta pravacanasAra tathA paMcAstikAya kI TIkA ke AdhAra para hindI bacanikAeM likhI paM. kundAvanadAsa ne pravacanasAra kI TIkA kI prasti meM isakA ullekha bhI kiyA hai jo isa prakAra hai 1. jaina siddhAMta koza, bhAga 2, pRSTha 345 2. prazasti saMgraha, pRSTha 237 (kastUracanda kAsalIvAsa kRta) 3. jaina siddhAMta koza, bhAga 4, pRSTha 544

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[ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva muni kundakunda kRta mUla ju, su amRtacandra TIkA karI tasu hemarAja ne vacanikaH unI adhyAtA sI' isa prakAra paM. hemarAja para AcArya amRta candra kA prabhAva pragaTa hotA hai| paNDita ToDaramala para prabhASa (1720-1767 Isvo) - paMDita ToDaramala kA adhikAMza jIvana jayapura meM botA, ve paNDita paramparAmeM agraNI, bauzika-tAkika pratibhA ke dhanI tathA AcArya kalpa kI upAdhi se sammAnita the| inakI pramukha kRtiyAM, samyagjJAna caMdrikA, gommaTasAra pUjA, trilokasAra TIkA, mokSamArgatrakAzaka, AtmAnuzAsana bhASA TIkA, rahasyapUrNa ciTThI, aura puruSArthasiddhayupAya bhASA TIkA haiM / 2 inakA samaya 1720 se 1767 IsvI nirNIta hai|' paNDita ToDaramala para AcArya amRta candra ke gahana prabhAva ke nimna AdhAra hai - 1. unhoMne amRtacandra kRta samayasAra-pravacanasAra tathA paMcAstikAya kI TIkAoM kA gambhIra adhyayana kiyA thaa| unakA puruSArtha siddhayupAya grantha to ve AtmasAt kara cuke the| ina granthoM kI spaSTa jhalaka mokSamArga prakAzaka meM milatI hai / 2. unhoMne mokSamArga prakAzaka meM prAcArya amRtacandra kI kRtiyoM ke aneka pramANa apane vivecana ko sampuSTi hetu prastuta kiye haiN| unhoMne tInoM TIkAoM AtmakhyAti, tattvapradIpikA evaM samayavyAkhyA kA grantha meM sarvatra upayoga kiyA hai| AtmakhyAti ke pAMca, tattvapradIpikA ke pAMca samayabyAkhyA ke do aura puruSArthasiddhayupAya ke tIna uddharaNa 1. praSacanasAra paramAgama-prazAsti, paM. indAvana kRta, padya 107, pRSTha 226 2. gaM ToDaramala vyaktitva evaM kataM tva, DaoN. bhArilla, paccha 76 3. vahI, pRSTa 53 4. mokSamArga prathama, pRSTha 11-12 5. samayasAra vaibhava, prazrama, pRSTha 17 6. samayasAra gAthA TIkA, kamAMka 6, 8, 73, 276, 277 7. pravacanamAra gAthA TIkA, kramAMka 121, 232, 236, mAdi 8. paMcAstikAya gAthA TIkA, kramAMka 136 6. puruSArthasiddhapupAya, padya 6, 7, 296

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] [ 207 mokSamArga prakAzaka meM upalabdha hote haiN| samayasAra kalaza ke 14 padya' bhI uddhRta pAte haiN| 3. aneka sthaloM para unhoMne amalacandra kI kRtiyoM meM vaNita bhAvoM ko ho / zabdoM meM yA ni hai / upAhArArtha nimna aMza prastuta hai: "eko mokSapatho ya eSa niyato dugja plivRttyAtmakaH" (amatacandra)2 "so mokSamArga eka vItarAga bhAva hai|" (ToDaramala)3 na caitadaprasiddha puruSagRhItAhArasyodarAgninA ramarudhiramAMsA dibhAvaiH pariNAma kAraNasya darzanAta (amRtacandra) jaise bhUkha hone para mukha dvArA grahaNa kiyA huA bhojanarUpa pudgala piNDa mAMsa, zukra, zoNita Adi ghAturUpa pariNamita hotA hai / " (ToDaramala)5 tataH sa karmanimittaM jJAnamAtra bhUtArthadharma nabaddhate / bhoganimittaM zubhakarmamAtramabhUtArthameva zraddhatta / tato asya bhUtArtha dharmazraddhAnAmAvAt zraddhAnamapi nAsti / (amRtacandra / ' tathA kadAcit sudeva suguru suzAstra kA bhI nimitta bana jAye to unake nizcaya upadeza kA pradhAna nahIM karatA, vyavahAra zraddhAna se atattvazraddhAnI hI rahatA hai / (ToDaramala) 4. paM. ToDaramala ne AcArya amRtacAdra ke puruSArtha siddhayupAya grantha kI vistRta hindI vanikA likhI jo unakI amRtacandra ke prati prAsthA kI paricAyaka hai| 5.50 ToDaramala ne apanI "rahasyapUrNa ciTThI' meM spaSTa choSita kiyA hai ki vartamAna kAla meM adhyAtmatattva to prAtmakhyAti samayasAra prantha kI amRtacandrAcArya kRta saMskRta TIkA meM hai| 1. samayasAra kalaza kramAMka 6, 29, 37, 111, 130, 136, 137, 142, - 173, 196, 203, 221, 254, evaM 256 2. samayasAra phalaza 240 3. mokSa mArga prakAzaka, pRSTha 14 4. samayasAra, prAsmasthAti TIkA gAthA 179 5. mokSa mArga prakAzaka, pRSTha 26 6 . samayasAra gAthA 275 kI TIkA 7. mokSa mArga prakAzaka, puNTha 51-52 8. rahasyapUrNa ciTThI pRSTha 6

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208 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartuM tva ye zabda tathA uparokta AdhAra paM. ToDaramala para AcArya amRtacandra ke prabhAva ko spaSTa karate haiM / P paM. athacanda chAbar3A para prabhAva ( 1761 - 1826 IsvI) - paMDita jayacanda chAbar3A jayapura nivAsI khaNDelavAla jaina ke paMti sadAsukhadAsa ke guru tathA paM. vRndAvanadAsa ke samakAlIna the| inakI aneka kRtiyAM upalabdha haiM jinameM parIkSAmukha, prAptamImAMsA patraparIkSA, sarvArthasiddhi, dravyaMsagraha, samayasAra AtmakhyAti, kArtikeyAnuprekSA, aSTapAhur3a tathA jJAnArNava inasabhI granthoM paraTIkAeM pramukha haiN| unakA samaya 1763 se 1823 IsvI haiM / ve AcArya amRtacandra se kaI prakAra se prabhAvita the| 1. unhoMne amRtacandra kI AtmakhyAti TIkA para vacanikA likhI he jo amRtacandra kI TIkA kI rahasyodghATaka evaM sarvajanopayogI hai / yaha vacanikA samasta hindI TIkAoM meM zreSTha, adhyAtmarasabharita tathA lokapriya hai / unhoMne prAcArya amRtacandra kI TIkA AtmasAt kara lI thI / ve usake rasika to the hI, sAtha hI usake vyApaka prasAraka va pracAraka bhI the| TIkA ke anta meM unhoMne svayaM nimna udgAra vyakta kiye hai - kundakunda muni kiyA gAthAbaMdha prAkRta haiM. prAbhuta samaya zuddha Atama darzAvanU' / sudhAcanda sUri karI saMskRta TIkA vara, AtmakhyAti nAma yathAtathya mana bhAva // deza kI vacanikA meM likhi jayacandra par3ha, saMkSepa artha alpabuddhi kU' pAvanU / par3ho suna mana lAya zuddhAtmA lakhAya, . jJAnarUpa gaho cidAnanda darasAvatu || isa prakAra AcArya amatacandra kA paM. jayacandra para gahana prabhAva spaSTa dRSTigocara hotA hai / 1. jaina siddhAMta koza, bhAga pRSTha 223 2. samayasAra prAbhUta (prAtmakhyAti saMskRta TIkA ) ( phalaTaNa) pRSTha 563

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] [ 206 paM. vRndAvanadAsa para prabhAva ( 1761 - 1848 IsvI)- Apa agravAla goyalagotrI the| ye kAzI nivAsI prasiddha hindI kavi the / vRndAvana vilAsa, prabacanasAra paramAgama (padyAnuvAda) Adi inake grantha haiM / ApakA samaya 1761 - 1848 IsvI hai / ' AcArya amRtacandra kA Apa para gambhIra prabhAva par3A thaa| isake AdhAra isa prakAra haiM. 1 1. Apane zrAcArya amRtacandra kRta pravacanasAra kI tattvapradIpikA nAmaka TIkA ke AdhAra para pravacanasAra paramAgama nAma se padyAnuvAda kI racanA kI hai| " 2. kavi vRndAvana ne AcArya amRtacandra kRta tonoM saMskRta TIkAeM jo prAbhRtatrayI yA nATakatrayoM ke nAma se abhihita hai, bhalIbhAMti avalokana kI thIM 13 3. unhoMne apanI racanA "gurustuti" meM AcArya amRtacandra kI TIkAoM kI prazaMsA kI hai| unakI TIkAoM ko nijAnanda kA pravAha bahAne vAlI TIkA likhA hai yathA : gurudeva amIindu ne tinakI karI TIkA / bharatA hai nijAnanda amIvRnda sarIkA || isa prakAra uparokta ullekhoM se spaSTa hai ki paM. vRndAvanadAsa bhI AcArya amRtacandra ke vyaktitva tathA unakI kRtiyoM se prabhAvita the / paM. sadAsukhadAsa para prabhAva ( 1765 - 1675 isvI ) - paM. sadAsukhadAsa jayapura nivAsI paM. dulIcanda kAsalIvAla ke putra the / ApakA janma 1795 IsvI meM huA thaa| inakI nimna kRtiyAM upalabdha haiM - bhagavatI ArAdhanA bhASATIkA, akalaMka stotra, mRtyumahotsava, ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra bhASATIkA, tathA nityaniyama pUjA / AcArya amRtacandra kA Apa para prabhAva thA / inhoMne apanI TIkAoM meM amRtacandra kI kRtiyoM ke uddharaNa pramANarUpa meM prastuta kiye haiM / ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra ke padya kramAMka 53 kI TIkA meM hiMsA kA svarUpa spaSTa karane hetu AcArya 1. jaina siddhAMta koza, bhAga 2, pRSTha 585 2. pravacanasAra paramAgama, pRSTha 14 (1616 IsvI) 3. vahI, pRSTha 28 4. ra.ru. bhA. pra. pRSTha ( pa ma)

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210 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartutva amRtacandra kRta puruSArthasiddha yupAya ke pATha zloka' uddhata kiye haiN| unhoMne apanI vanikAyoM meM abhUtacandra ke vicAroM ko yatratatra abhivyakta kiyA hai / isase spaSTa hotA hai ki ve bhI AcArya amRtacandra se prabhAvita the| paM. daulatarAma (1798-1875 IsvI)- paM. daulatarAma hAtharasa ke nivAsI prAdhyAmika vidvAn the / Apake 100 se adhika padya upalabdha hote haiM, jo adhyAtma evaM vairAgya rasa se rasAplAvita haiN| "chahaDhAlA" nAmaka kRti ke kAraNa unakI jaina samAja meM bahuta prasiddhi hai / unakA samaya 1768 se 1875 ke bIca rahA hai / paM. daulatarAma para bhAcArya amRtacandra ke prabhAva ke kucha AdhAra nimnAnusAra haiM - 1. paM. daulatarAma ne prAcArya amRtacandra kI kRti puruSArtha siddha yupAya kI avazeSa TIkA pUrNa kI, jise paM. ToDaramala ne prArambha kiyA thA kintu ve apane jIvanakAla meM pUrNa nahIM kara paaye| 2. unhoMne apanI racanA "chahaDhAlA" meM AcArya amRtacandra ke granthoM se bhAva evaM * ahAkara urodha rUma meM prastuta kiyA hai| unake kucha padya to amRtacandra ke zlokoM ke chAyAnuvAda mAna haiN| udAharaNArtha tulanAtmaka nimna aMza avalotrAnIya haiM - nizcaya vyavahArAbhyAM mokSamArgo dvidhAsthitaH / tabAdyaH sAdhyarUpaH syAd dvitIyastasya sAdhanam / / (amanacandra) samyagdarzana jJAna carana zivamaga, so dvividha vicaaro| jo satyAratha rUpa so nizcaya, kAraNa so vyvhaaro|| (daulatarAma) pathagArAdhana miSTaM darzana sahabhAbino'pi bodhastha / lakSaNa bhedena yato nAnAtvaM sambhavatyanayoH // 32 // pu. si. u. / samyagjJAnaM kArya samyavatvaM kAraNaM badanti jinaaH| jJAnArAdhanamiSTaM tamyaktyAnantaraM nasmAt / / 33|| pu. si. u.| 1. puruSArthasiddha yupAya ke 43 se 5.0 taka padyoM ko uddhRta kiyA hai / 2. mahAkavi daulatarAma kAsalIvAla-vyaktitva evaM kRtitva, pra., paSya : 3. taravArthamAra, upasaMhAra, padya kramAMka 2 4, chahaDhAlA, tRtIyAla, padya !

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] [ 211 kAraNa kArya vidhAnaM samakAlaM jAyamAnayorapi hi| dIpaprakAzayoriva samyaktvajJAnayoH sughaTam / / (amRtacandra)' samyak sAthai jJAna hoya pe bhinna arAdhau / lakSaNa zraddhA jAna duhU meM bheda abAgho / / samyak kAraNa jAna jAna kAraja hai soI / yugapat hote hU prakAza dIpaka te hoI / / (daulatarAma )2 kartavyo'dhyavasaH sadane kAranAmeSu pr| saMzayaviparyayAnadhyavasAya viviktamAtmarUpaM tat / / (amRtacandra) tAteM jinavara kathita tattva, abhyAsa karIje / saMzaya vibhrama moha tyAga Apo lakha lIjai / (daulatarAma ) bhedavijJAnataH siddhA siddhA ye kila kecana / asyaivAbhAvato baddhA baddhA pe kila kecana / / (amRtacandra) 5 je pUraba ziva gaye jAMhi arU Aga jaiheN| so saba mahimA jJAnatanI muninAtha kahai haiM / / (daulatarAma) isa prakAra spaSTa hai ki AcArya amRtacandra kA prabhAva paM. daulatarAma ke roma roma meM samAyA thA / paM. bhUdharamizra para prabhAva (1814 IsvI)... paM. bhUdharamitha prAgarA ke samIpastha zAhagaja ke the| Apa jAti se brAhmaNa the| Apake guru kA nAma raMganAtha thaa| Apane puruSArtha siddhayupAya kI TIkA bRjabhASA meM vikrama saMvat 1871 meM likhI thii| ApakA samaya saMvat 1850 se 1600 ke bIca kA pramANita hotA hai / Apa AcArya amRtacandra kI kRtiyoM se prabhAvita hue, vizeSataH amRtacandra kA puruSArthasiddha yapAya anya unake jIvana parivartana kA mUlakAraNa banA / puruSArthasiddhayapAya kA ahiMsA prakaraNa Apako vizadabuddhi meM aisA samAyA, ki ApakI utkaMThA jainadharma ke tattvoM ko jAnane kI hii| paM. raMganAthajI ke pAsa Apane jaina siddhAMtoM kI abhijJatA prApta kI, tathA puruSArthasiddhayupAya ko TokA 1. puruSArthasiddha yupAya, padya kramAMka 34 2. chahaDhAlA, caturthadvAla, padya 2 4. chahaDhAlA, caturdhaDhAla (padya 6 pUrvAdha) 6. chahalAlA, ratuyaMdAla (padya 8 pUrvAdha) 3. puruSArthasiddha yupAya, 35 5. sa. sA. ka.131

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212 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra ; vyaktittva evaM kartRtva karane kI ruci huii| ukta TIkA meM TokAkAra ne yazastilakacampu, rayaNasAra, dharmopadezapIyUSavarSIzrAvakAcAra, aSTAdaza akSarIprabodhasAra, yogImdradevakRta zrAvakAcAra, vIranaMdikRta yatyAcAra Adi granthoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai|" isase spaSTa hai ki prAcArya amRtacandra kA prabhAva paNDita bhUdharamizra para bhI thaa| paM. gaNezaprasAda vaNI para prabhAva (1874-1661 Isvo)paM. zisAda malitapura jile ke haserA bAna meM vaiSNava parivAra meM paidA hue the| bAda meM prApane jainadharma dhAraNa kiyA thaa| inakA janma 1874 IsvI meM huA thA / AcArya amRtacandra ke vyaktitva evaM kRtitva donoM se Apa gambhIra rUpa meM prabhAvita the| isake kucha AdhAra isa prakAra hai - 1. unhoMne AcArya amRtacandra kRta AtmakhyAti saMskRta TIkA ko kaNThastha kara liyA thaa| kyoMki ve ukta TIkA ke gaMbhIra rasika the| 2. apane eka patra meM unhoMne samayasAra ko mokSamArga (mukti) kA vakIla batAyA hai| ve ukta grantha kI amRtacandra kRta TIkA ke adhyayana, manana tathA rasAsvAdana meM nimagna rahate the| 3. apane patroM meM ullikhita siddhAMtoM evaM rahasyoM kI puSTi meM unhoMne AcArya amRtacandra kI kRtiyoM se uddharaNa prastuta kiye haiM / itanA hI nahIM una uddharaNoM ko unhoMne prAcArya amRtacandra kA Adeza kaha kara apanI AsthA evaM apanA Adara vyakta kiyA hai / ina sabhI bAtoM se pramANita hai ki prAcArya amRtacandra kA prabhAva paM. gaNezaprasAda varNI para avazya thaa| 1. puruSArthasiddha yupAya, prastAvanA, pRSTha 5, paM. nAyUrAma premI (zrImad rAjacandra jana zAstramAlA) prakAzaka - paramazrutaprabhAvakamaMDala, bambaI vIra ni. saMvat 2431 (IsvI 1604) / 2. zrI gaNezaprasAda varNI smRti pranya khaNDa dvitIya pRSTha 1 3. vahI, khaNDa prathama, pRSTha 113 4. vaNIvAraNI, bhAga 4, pRSTha 146 5. mAdhyAtmika patrAvali bhAga 3, pRSTha 77-78

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] [ 213 brAhmacArI zItalaprasAda para prabhAva (1878-1948 IsvI) -- na. zItalaprasAda agravAla goyalagotrIya dhAvaka the| Apane apane jIvanameM jJAna kA advitIya prakAza kiyA / Apa karmaTha, virAgI evaM prabhAvazAlI vidvAna the| ApakA janma 16:10 IsvI meM lathA nimaH 4. IzvI meM huprA thA / ' ApakI racanAoM meM pramukha hai - niyamasAra bhASATIkA, paMcAstikAya TIkA (do khaNDoM meM) pravacanasAra TIkA (tIna khaNDa ), samayasAra tathA samagrasAra kalaza bhASA TIkA Adi / Apa bhI AcArya amatacandra ke vyaktitva evaM granthoM se prabhAvita the jinake kucha AdhAra isa prakAra haiM - 1. unhoMne samayasAra tathA samayasAra kalaza para hindI TIkAeM racI jo amatacandra kI kRtiyoM meM varNita bhAvoM se anuprANita haiN|' 2. unhoMne pravacanasAra kI TIkA meM apane vicAroM ke spaSTIkaraNa evaM pramANIkaraNa ke lie AcArya amRtacandra ke granthoM se kAI pramANa prastuta kiye haiN| udAharaNa ke lie pravacanasAra TIkA ke tRtIya khaNDa meM vibhinna sthaloM para samayasAra kalaza ke pAMva padya' tattvArthasAra ke ATha padya tathA puruSArthasiddha yupAya ke 13 padya uddhRta kiye gaye haiN| 3. svayaM brahmacArI jI ne eka sthala para prAcArya amRtatrandra kI mahAn AtmajJAnI, nyAyapUrNa, sundara lekha Adi zabdoM dvArA prazaMsA kI hai / bhaTTAraka vIrasena kAraMjA ke sAnidhya meM unhoMne amRtacandra kI samayasAra prAtmakhyAti TIkA kA gahana adhyayana kiyA thaa| isa taraha spaSTa hotA hai ki ve amRtacandra ke vyaktitva evaM graMthoM se prabhAvita the / 1. jaina siddhAnta koza, bhAga 4, pRSTha 30 2. Agamapatha (zItalajanmazatAbdi vizeSAMka), pRSTha 74 3. pravacanasAra TIkA, tRtIya khaNDa, prArambhika padya 13, 14 4. vahIM, khaNDa 3, pRSTha 242, 270, 336, 347 5. bahI, khaNDa 3, pRSTha 7, 228, 260 6. vahI, khaNDa 3, pRSTha 103, 1.7, 112, 114, 115, 178, 270 7. sahajasunasAbhana bhUmikA, pRSTha 3 .

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214 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva saMta kAnajI svAmI para pramANa ( 1 EE: nI.. saMta kAnajI svAmI kA janma zvetAmbara sthAnakavAsI jaina kula meM huA thaa| zrApa vilakSaNa buddhi ke dhanI, paramavirAgI tathA adhyAtma rasika saMta the / Apane prAcArya kundakunda ke samayasAra ko pAkara digambara jainadharma ko svIkAra kiyaa| pazcAt samagna bhArata meM hI nahIM, apitu videzoM meM bhI digambara jaina adhyAtma kA zaMkhanAda evaM samayasAra (gudvAtmA) kA DimaDima nAda kiyaa| sarvatra abhUtapUrva krAMti lA do tathA adhyAtmayuga kA pravartana kiyaa| ApakA janma 1886 IsvI tathA svargavAsa 1980 IsvI meM huaa|' Apa prAcArya amRtacandra kI kRtiyoM ke bhramaravat rasika the| prAcArya amRtacandra ke adhyAtmAmRta ko pI-pIkara pAnaMda vibhora ho jAte the / saMta kAnajI svAmI AcArya amRtacandra se atyadhika prabhAvita the / isake kucha AdhAra isa prakAra haiM - 1. unhoMne amRtacandra kI AtmakhyAti TIkA sahita samayasAra kA satraha bAra to lokonmukha pArAyaNa kiyA thA aura aneka bAra Atmonmukha / Atmonmukha pArAyaNa to saMkhyAtIta kiye the| unhoMne samayasAra kI pratyeka gAthA ke marma ko gahanatA se samajhA thA, usakI gUr3hatA meM praveza kiyA thA / AtmakhyAti TIkA ke atirikta amatacandra kI anya kRtiyoM kA bhI unhoMne gahana adhyayana evaM pracAra-prasAra bhI kiyaa| itanA hI nahIM, unhoMne AcArya amRtacandra kI AtmakhyAti, tattvapradI pikA aura samayavyAkhyA tInoM TIkAoM ko saMgamaramara kI dIvAroM para utkIrNa karA diyA / ye kArya sonagar3ha (bhAvanagara-saurASTra) meM "mahAvIra kundakunda digambara jaina paramAgama maMdira" meM sampanna huprA jo sahasroM varSoM taka digambara adhyAtma kA anupama pravAha pravAhita rakhegA / paramAgama maMdira AcArya kudakuda, AcArya amatacandra tathA padmaprabhamalaghArIdeva kI yazogAthA kA amara-smAraka to hai hI, sAtha ho saMta kAnajI svAmI kI yumasRSTi kA cira-pratIka bhI hai / 2. AcArya amRtacandra kI tattvapradIpikA TIkA ke aMta meM varNita saMtAlIsa nayoM para vistRta prabacana kie jo samyaka anekAMta zailI meM -. .. -. - - 1. Agamapatha, (mAsika) maI 1676 (vizeSAMka), pRSTha 40-41 :: 2. tIrthakara, (mAsika) sitambara, 1676 pRSTha 26 . . . . . .

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vyaktitva tathA prabhASa ] . [ 215 anupama Atma-vaibhava darzAne vAle haiM / una pravacanoM kA gujarAtI meM "nayaprajJApana" tathA hiMdI meM 'Atmaprasiddhi' nAma se prathabaddha prakAzana ho cukA hai| 3. unhoMne prAcArya amRtacandra ko yatra-tatra sarvatra bhUri-bhUri prazaMsA yI hai| unake samayasAra kalaza para pravacana karate hue unhoMne kahA thA ki AcArya amRtacandra mahAmuni digambara saMta hue haiN| ve sarvazAstroM ke pAragAmI, tathA sAtizaya nirmalabuddhi ke dhAraka the| vartamAna bharatakSetra meM tIrthaMkaroM kA viraha hai, parantu una tIrthaGkaroM kA upadeza kaisA thA, isakA spaSTIkaraNa kArake AcArya kundakunda ne tIrthaGkaroM ke viraha ko bhulA diyA hai aura amatacandrAcArya deva ne bhI alaukika TIkAyeM rakhakara AcArya kundakunda ke gambhIra rahasya ko pragaTa kara gaNavara tulya kArya kiyA hai / vAha, aMtarajyoti jagamagA de - aisI TIkA hai| ye haiM saMta kAnajo svAmI ke anabhUtigamdha hArdika udgAra AcArya amRtacandra ke prati, jo prAcArya amRtacandra ke vyaktitva evaM kRtitva ke, saMta kAnajI svAmI para prabhAva ko pramANita karate haiN| bha. nijAnaMba (svAmI karmAnanda vedAMtI) para prabhAva (19201670 IsvI) - ru. nijAnanda (svAmI kaminda) bhivAnI ke agravAla jAtIya vaiSNava sampradAya meM janme the| ApakA mukAva AryasamAjI vicAradhArA kI ora vizeSa thA / vaidika sAhitya kA unakA gambhIra adhyayana thaa| una para AcArya amRta candra kA gaharA prabhAva thA / isakA prabala pramANa yaha hai ki unhoMne jo samayasAra para nijAnaMdIya zloka sahita TIkA likhI usameM AcArya amRtacandra ke samayasAra kalaza ke 64 padya tathA tattvArthasAra ke 6 padya pramANa-rUpeNa prastuta kiye haiN| ve samayasAra tathA unakI TIkAoM kA 18-18 ghaMTe taka adhyayana va manana karate the| isase prakaTa hotA hai ki AcArya amatacandra kA kSu0 nijAnaMda para prabhAna thaa| 1. prAtmadharma (mAsika) julAI, 1964, pRSTha ? 2. vahIM, disambara, 1965, pRSTha 453, 454 3. samayasAra (nijAnaMdIya bhASA TIkA) pRSTha kramAMka 1 4. samayasAra (nijAnaMdIya bhASA TIkA) prakAzakIya pRSTha prathama

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216 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva upAdhyAya harSavardhana para prabhAva (15 vIM IsvI zatI)- upAdhyAya harSavardhana IsA kI 15vI zatI ke vidvAna haiN| unakI eka racanA "adhyAtma bindu" gAma se lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI saMskRta vidyAmandira, ahamadAbAda se prakAzita hai| ukta racanA adhyAtmaparaka zailI meM nizcaya-vyavahAra. kartA-karma tathA zuddhAtmasvarUpa prakAzanArtha racI gaI hai| isa racanA para prAcArya kundakunda tathA unake TIkAkAra amRtacandra kA prabhAva par3A hai / ukta grantha ke sampAdaka vidvAna nagIna je. zAha ne isa sambandha meM apanI prastAvanA meM saMketa kiyA hai| unhoMne, harSavardhana ke ''adhyAtma bindu" graMtha ke kaI padyoM kA samayasAra mUla tathA usakI amRtacandrakRta TokA ke zlokoM se zabda sAmya evaM bhAvasAmyadarzaka pramANa prastuta kiye haiN|' isase jJAta hotA hai ki AcArya amRtacandra kA upAdhyAya harSavardhana para bhI prabhAva par3A thaa| bhaTTAraka zubhacandra para prabhAva (1516-1556 isvI) - naMdisaMgha balAtkAragaNa kI gurvAvali ke anusAra bhadrAraka zubhacandra vijayakIrti ke ziSya tathA lakSmIcandra ke guru the| Apa SaTabhASA kavi kI upAdhi se vibhUSita the| Apane eka TIkA racI jo paramAdhyAtmataraMgiNI nAma se vizruta hai| ApakA samaya IstrI 1516 - 1556 hai / 2 Apa AcArya amatacandra kI AdhyAtmika racanAoM tathA TIkAoM se prabhAvita the| isake kucha AghAra isa prakAra haiM - 1. amatacandra kI samayasAra kalaza TIkA ne zubhacandra ko itanA adhika prabhAvita kiyA ki unhoMne usake pratyeka kalaza para sudara AdhyAtmika TIkA rcii| amRtacandra ke kalaza adhyAtma rasAplAvita hone ke kAraNa una para likhita TIkA kA nAma 'paramAdhyAtmataraMgiNI" rakhanA bhI ucita hI hai / ukta TIkA unhoMne tribhuvanakIti ke Agraha para likhI thii| 2. zubhacandra ne kArtikeyAnuprekSA kI saMskRta TIkA bhI likhI hai| ukta TIkA meM unhoMne amRtacandra ke graMthoM kI viSayavastu kA bhI prayoga 1. jaina saMdeza, zodhAMka - 31, pRSTha 316 (disaMbara 1972) 2. jainendra siddhAMtakoza, caturtha bhAga, pRSTha 41 3. saMskRta kAma ke vikAsa meM jaina kaviyoM kA yogadAna - prathama saMskaraNa 19.1, pRSTha 46

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vyaktitva tathA prabhAva ] [ 217 kiyA hai| unake mUla par3oM ko pramANa rUpa meM uddhRta kiyA hai / ' uddhRta padya isa prakAra hai - bhedenaikyamupAnIya svajAte ravirodhataH / / samastagrahaNa yasmAtsa nayaH saMgraho mataH // (amRtacandra) bhaTTAraka vIrasena (kAraMjA) para prabhAva (1926 IsvI)-- bhaTTAraka vIrasena kAraMjA (akolA) kI bhaTTAraka gaddI ke paTTadhara the / ve adhyAtmazAstra ke marmajJa tathA prasAraka the / jaina adhyAtma kI carcA ko ghara-ghara taka phailAne kA unhoMne prayAsa kiyaa| ve svayaM AcArya amRtacandra kI kRtiyoM meM varNita adhyAtma se prabhAvita the / unhoMne sarvaprathama "zrIsamayaprAmRta-AtmakhyAti TIkA" ko mudrita karAyA thA / 2. paM. hIrAnanda jI kRta 'paMcAstikAya-samayasAra" padyAnuvAda kA bhI prakAzana unakI preraNA se huA thA / ukta padyAnuvAda AcArya amatacandra kRta samayavyAkhyA TIkA se anuprANita hai / 3. paM. jaganmohanalAla zAstrI ne unheM vartamAna yuga meM samayasAra kA adhyetA likhA hai| 4. a. zItalaprasAda ne bhI unheM samayasAra kA vyAkhyAna karane bAlA advitIya mahAtmA nirUpita kiyA hai| brahmacArI jI ne svayaM bhaTTAraka jI ke pAsa amRtacandra kRta samayasAra-AtmakhyAti TIkA kA vAcana kiyA thA / ve vIrasena ke artha prakAzana se lAbhAnvita hue the| isa prakAra spaSTa hai ki AcArya pramatacandra kA bhaTTAraka vIrasena para prabhAva thA / 1. kAti kemAnuprekSA gApA 272 ko TIkA, pRSpha 165 rAjacanda jaina zAstra mAlA mAgAsa, 1960 2. tattvArthasAra, pIThikA (prathama adhikAra) padya naM 45 3. Atmapramoda (prastAvanA, pra. nandalAla) pRpha 12 4, samayasAra baibhava, prathama pRSTha 15 5. mahajasukhasAdhana (. solalaprasAda jI bhUmikA ra53)

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caturtha adhyAya kRtiyA~ prAcArya amanacandra jitane saphala evaM kuzala TIkAkAra the, utane hI siddhahasta tathA gambhIra maulika. graMtha-praNetA bhii| unakI samasta kRtiyoM meM adhyAtma kA amRta chala katA hai / ve adhyAtma-rasika, praur3ha, prAMjala, va gaMbhIra TIkAkAra, dArzanika vidvAna, tathA prAtmAnubhavI bicAraka the / upayukta sabhI vaiziSTya unako kRtiyoM meM batra tatra sarvatra vikIrNa haiM ! unakI samasta kRtiyoM kA sarvAGgINa paricaya karAne hetu yahA~ tIna vibhAga kiye gaye haiM, jinake antargata unakI kRtiyoM kA samucita paricaya prastuta hai| prathama vibhAga meM amatacandrAcArya praNIta maulika svataMtra kRtiyoM kA Akalana hai| dUsare vibhAga meM unakI gadya tathA padyamayI TokAoM kA anuzIlana prastuta hai, aura tIsare vibhAga meM anya kRtiyoM kA paricaya karAyA hai / isake do khaNDa haiN| prathama khaNDa meM una kRtiyoM kA vivaraNa prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai, jo amRtacandra praNIta siddha kI gaI haiM tathA dUsare khaNDa meM una kRtiyoM kI carcA kI jA rahI hai, jo bhramavazAt amRtacandra kI kalpita haiN| dvitIya vibhAga meM grahIta TIkAoM meM samayasAra ko "AtmakhyAti", pravacanasAra kI 'tattva pradIpikA" tathA paMcAstikAya kI 'samayavyAkhyA" nAmaka gadya TIkAeM haiM, jo saMskRta gadya vAGamaya kI amUlya nidhiyA~ haiM tathA jainadarzana kA sAra apane meM samAhita kiye hue haiN| isI vibhAga meM samayasAra kI AtmakhyAti TIkA ke sAtha-sAtha prayukta saMskRta padyoM kA saMkalana hai, jo samayasArakalaza nAma se abhihita hai| ise pATIkA ke rUpa meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai / isake atirikta dUsarI padyaTIkA "tattvArthasAra' bhI hai jo prAcArya umAsvAmI kRta tattvArthasUtra ke AdhAra para likhI gaI savistAra TIkA hai| tRtIya vibhAga meM sarvaprathama prathama bAra prakAza meM Ane bAlI amatacandra kI atyanta kliSTa, dArzanika, gambhIra racanA hai, jisakA nAma 'laghuttvasphoTa' aparanAma 'zaktimANitakoza' bhI hai| yaha jinendrastuti viSayaka eka advitIya kAvyakRti hai| isI vibhAga meM una kRtiyoM kI

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--- - - kRtiyAM / [ 216 bhI carcA kI gaI hai, jo kinhIM vidvAnoM dvArA bhrama se amatacandra kI mAna lI gaI haiM jabaki ve kRtiyA~ amRtacandra kRta nahIM haiN| isa sambandha meM SaTpAhur3a TIkA, pannAdhyAyI, DhADhasIgAthA tathA zrAvakAcAra nAmaka graMtha nacita haiN| prastuta adhyAya meM uparokta vibhAmoM ke antargata amatacaMdra zrI kRtiyoM kA sarvAGgINa savistAra paricaya karAyA jA rahA hai| puruSArthasiddha yupAya (padya) paricaya - "puruSArthasiva pAya" AcArya amRtacandra kRta, AcAraviSayaka anapama granyaratna hai| isakA aparanAma 'jinaprabacanarahasyakoza" bhI hai| vAstava meM ukta grantha jinendra kapila jinavANI kA sAra hai| yaha amRta candra kI maulika padyaracanA hai, jo 226 AryA chaMdoM meM racita hai tathA jainajagata meM vyApaka rUpa se vizruta hai / isa meM zrAvakAcAra kA pramukha rUpa se tathA yatyAcAra (sAghacaryA) kA gauNarUpa se saMkSipta nirUpaNa hai| yaha kRti, dravir3a, kannar3a, hindI, daMDhArI (rAjasthAnI hindI), gujarAtI, marAThI, aMgrejI Adi aneka bhASAoM meM aneka saMskaraNoM meM, gadya tathA padya ubhayarUpoM meM tathA lAkhoM kI saMkhyA meM prakAzita ho cukI hai| aba taka zatAdhika vidvAn isa grantha para TIkAyeM racakara prakAzita karA cuke haiN| jaina hI nahIM, ajena vidvAna bhI isa kRti se prabhAvita hokara apane vicAroM meM parivartana kara jainadarzana kI ora AkarSita hue haiN|' lagabhaga eka hajAra varSa se jaina zrAvaka evaM mUni ke AcaraNa ko Alokita karane vAlI isa kRti kA prAcAra saMhitA ke ruu| meM sarvocca evaM mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| sarvaprathama IsvI dUsarI sadI meM AcArya samaMta bhadrasvAmI dvArA jaMna zrAvakoM ko AcAra saMhitA ke rUpa meM ratnakaraNDathAbakAcAra" nAmaka kRti kI racanA kI gaI thii| tatpazcAt sarvAdhika mAnya evaM prabhiddha racanA AcArya amRta candra kRta "puruSArthasiddha yupAya" hI hai| isakA ahiMsA prakaraNa atyaMta gahana, spaSTa, vizada, advitIya evaM anupama hai / nAmakaraNa - isa grantha kA apagnAma 'jinapravacanarahasyakoza" isake mahattva ko spaSTata: prakAzita karatA hai| AcArya amRtacandra ko isa racanA kA 1. dekhiye - prastAvanA, pRSTha 5; 6 (pu. gi.u.) paM: nAthUrAma premI san 16.04 /

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220 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva nAma "puruSArthasiddhyupAya' pukAranA hI iSTa thA kyoMki isa bAta kA ullekha unhoMne svayaM hI granthArambha meM kiyA hai| ve likhate haiM - tInaloka saMbaMdhI padArthoM ko prakAzita karane vAle advitIya netra svarUpa utkRSTa jainAgama ko prayatnapUrvaka jAnakara - hRdayaMgamakara hamAre dvArA vidvAnoM ke lie bar3a "puruSArthasidbhayapAza'' eza saddhAra - prastuta kiyA jAtA hai|' "puruSArthasiddhayupAya" pada meM puruSa, artha, siddhi va upAya ye cAra upapada haiM jinakA artha hai - AtmA ke prayojana kI siddhi yA prApti kA upAya / vAstava meM jaba AtmA sarvatra vAra ke vibhAvoM se pAra hokara apane acala caitanyasvarUpa ko prApta karatA hai, taba samyaka prakAra se pUruSArtha ke prayojana kI siddhi prApti karatA hai tathA kRtakRtya hotA hai| isa taraha amRtacandra svayaM apane grantha meM 'puruSa' kA artha "caitanyasvarUpa AtmA" ghoSita karate haiN| usa caitanya prAtmA kA prayojana mokSa hai / mokSa kI prApti kA upAya samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna tathA samyakcAritra kI eka sAtha prApti honA hai| isakA bhI nirdeza unhoMne eka sthala para kiyA hai| ve likhate haiM - "viparIta abhiprAya kA nAza karake arthAt samyagdarzana prApta karake. nijasvarUpa ko yathArtharUpa se jAnakara ke arthAt samyagjJAna karake tathA usa svarUpa meM avicala - sthira honA arthAta samyak cAritra pragaTa honA hI puruSArtha kI siddhi kA upAya hai| isa taraha antha kA puruSArthasiddhyapAya nAma ucita evaM sArthaka pratIta hotA hai| katRtva - ukta grantha ke praNetA ke viSaya meM Adyanta kabhI kisI ko bhI vipratipatti nahIM huii| puruSArtha siddhyupAya AcArya amRtacandra kI maulika racanA nirvivAda siddha hai| amRtacandra ke samakAlIna tathA uttarakAlIna sabhI grandhakAroM ne ukta kRti ko AcArya amRtacandra kRta nirUpita kiyA hai| 1, lokatrayakaneyaM nirUpma garamAgamaM prayatnena / asmAbhirUpodadhriyate viduSAM puruSArthasiddha yupAyo'yam / pu.si.u., padma kramAMka 3 2. sarva vivartottorNa yadA sa basanyamalamApnoti / bhavati tadA kRtakRtyaH samyanapuruSArthasiddhimApanna / / pu.si.u., padya kramAMka 11 3. "masti puruSazcidAtmA", puruSArtha siddha gupAya, paya kramAMka : 4, biparItAbhinivezaM nirasya sabhyagmyavasma nijatattvam / patasmAdabivalanaM sa eva puruSArthasiddha yupAyo'yam / / .si.u.,paya kramAMka15

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kRtiyAM ] [ 221 amRtacandra ke anya granthoM kI racanAoM se milAna karane para zailI, zabda, vidvattA, viSaya spaSTIkaraNa kSamatA aura anta meM grantha kartutva kA vikalpa niSedha ityAdi sAmyatAoM se bhI ukta kRti AcArya amRtacandra kRta spaSTarUpa se jJAta hotI hai| prAmANikatA - zrAvakAcAroM kI paramparA meM ratnakaraNDanAvakA vAra ke pazcAt yadi koI sarvAdhika prAmANika grantha mAnA gayA hai, to vaha hai puruSArthasiddhayapAya / AcArya amRtacandra ne ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra meM praNIta varNyavastu ko hI AdhAra banAte hae tathA kundakundAcArya ke adhyAtma granthoM ko AtmasAt karake jo TIkAe~ racI, unhIM ke AdhAra para puruSArthasiddhayapAya grantha kA praNayana kiyA hai| isa grantha racanA se na kevala zrAvakAcAra evaM yatyAcAra viSayaka prAcIna ArSaparamparA kA unnayana hI huA, apitu ukta paramparA kA sambarddhana, saMrakSaNa, vikAsa tathA prakAza bhI hapA hai| ukta anya racanA se prabhAvita evaM vanamApita hokara unake bAda ke vidvAnoM ne prAcAra viSayaka aneka granthoM kI racanA kI haiN| una sabhI racanAoM ko dizAbodha evaM prAdhArasrota puruSArthasiddhayupAya se hInAdhika rUpa meM avazya prApta hue haiN| prAdhAra srota - puruSArthasiddhayupAya mandha ke prAcAra srota bhI amRtacandrakRta TIkAoM meM upalabdha hote haiM / isake kucha udAharaNa isa prakAra haiM - 1. puruSArtha siddha yupAya grantha kI racanA TIkAkRtiyoM ke bAda kI hai, kyoMki TIkAoM meM upalabdha bhASya ke kucha aMzoM ko padyarUpa meM puruSArthasiddha yupAya meM punaH prastuta kiyA gayA hai / eka sthala para amRtacandra ne apanI TIkA meM puruSArtha kI siddhi ke upAya svarUpa dhyAna kA ullekha kiyA hai / ' ukta ullekha puruSArtha siddha yupAya grantha ke nAmakaraNa kA prAdhAra sUtra pratIta hotA hai| 2. AcArya amRtacandra ne puruSArthasiddha yupAya kA prArambha vaktA ke lakSaNa se kiyA hai / ve likhate haiM - mukhya aura upacAra ke kathana dvArA ziSyoM ke dunivAra ajJAnabhAba ko naSTa karane vAle, vyavahAra tathA nizcaya 1. "paramapuruSArthasida yupAyabhUtaM dhyAna jAyate iti / " paMcAstikAya gAthA 146 kI TIkA, pRSTha 215

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222 / / prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM katR tva ke jJAtA guru hI jagat meM dharmatIrtha kA pravartana karate haiN|' ukta kathana kA AdhAra paMcAstikAya grantha kI TokA kA vaha azollekha hai, jisameM kahA gayA hai ki isa prakAra donoM nayoM ke AdhIna paramezvara jinendra ke dharmatIrtha kI pravartanA hotI hai / 2 nizcaya-vyavahAra sambandhI prArambhika nirUpaNa bhI samayasAra kI AtmakhyAti TIkA ke AdhAra para kiyA gayA hai / vyavahAra nizcaya ko bhalIbhAMti jAnakara jo jIva unake pakSa me rahita arthAt madhyastha hotA hai, vahno ziSya jinendra ke upadeza ke sampUrNa phala ko prApta karatA hai| isI Azaya ko unhoMne AtmakhyAti TIkA ke eka kalaza meM pahale hI abhidhyakta karate huye likhA hai ki jo jIva nayapakSapAta se mukta hokara, vikalpasamUha se haTakara, zAMtacitta hokara, hamezA apane nijasvarUpa meM gupta (lIna) hote haiM, ve hI sAkSAt AnaMda rUpa amRta ko pIte haiM / uparokta arthavAcI tathA sAmyadarzI ubhaya zlokoM se spaSTa jJAta hotA hai ki amRtacandra ne puruSArthasiddha yupAya kI racanA kA AdhAra srota apanI svotrajJa' TIkAyeM banAI hai| yahA~ hama eka udAharaNa pravacanasAra kI tattvapradIpikA kA bhI prastuta karate haiM, jisameM likhA hai ki karma rUpa pariNamita hone kI zakti vAle pudgala skaMdha, samAna kSetrAvagAhI jIva ke pariNAma mAtra kA - bahiraMgasAdhanamAtra kA Azraya lekara, jIva una (pudgalaskaMdhoM) ko pariNamAne vAlA nahIM hone para bhI, svayameva karmabhAva se pariNamita hote haiM / TIkA ke mUla zabda isa prakAra haiM - yato hi tulyakSetrAvagAr3ha jIvapariNAmamAtraM bahiraMga sAdhanamAthitya jIvaM pariNamayitAramantareNApi karmatrapariNamana zaktiyoginaH pudgala. skaMdhAH svayameva karmabhAvena pariNamanti / " isa TIkA kA sAra puspArthasiddha yapAya meM isa prakAra samAyojita kiyA hai - jIvakRtaM pariNAma nimittamAtraM prapadya punaranye / svayameva pariNamante'tra pudgalAH karmabhAvena / ' 1. puruSArtha siddha pAya, padya kramAMka 4 2. 'prata evobhayanayApattA pAramezvarI tIrthapravartanA iti / " paMcAsti kAya gAthA 156 kI TIkA, 3. vyavahAra nizcayo yaH prabudhyatattvena bhavati madhyasthaH / prApnoti dezanAyAH sa eva phalamavikalaM ziSyaH ||puruSArthasibU yupAya 4. samayasAra kalaza, padya nambara 695. pravacanasAra gAthA 166 kI TIkA 1. puruSArtha siddha yupAya, padma naM. 12

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kRtiyA~ ] [ 223 isa taraha kundakunda ke samayasAra, pravacanasAra tathA paMcAstikAya kI TokAnoM se puruSArthasiddha yupAya kI racanA ke AdhAra srota prastuta kiye gaye haiN| yahAM ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAra kA bhI eka pramANa avalokanIya hai / samaMtabhadrAcArya ne cAritra ke yathArtha svarUpa kA digdarzana karAte hue likhA hai ki darzanamoha rUpa aMdhakAra ke dUra hone para samyagdarzana kI prApti se samyagjJAna kI bhI upalabdhi huI ho - aisA sAdhu rAga-dveSa ke nAza (abhAva) karane ke lie samyakcAritra ko aMgIkAra karatA hai / isI kathana ke AdhAra para AcArya amRtacandra ne bhI samyakcAritra kA svarUpa isI prakAra nirUpita kiyA hai / yahAM uparokta donoM prAcAryoM ke mUlazabdoM kA avalokana karAyA jAtA hai| - mohatimirApaharaNe darzanalAbhAdavAptasaMjJAnaH / * rAgadveSanivRtyai caraNaM pratipadyate sAdhuH // ( samaMtabhadrAcArya) 2 vigalitadarzanamohaiH samaJjasajJAnaviditatatvArthaH / nityamapi niHprakampaiH samyakcAritramAlamvyam / (amRtacandrAcArya) ' 3 viSaya vastu - "puruSArthasiddhayupAya" kI pratinAdya viSayavastu adhikAMza ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra meM varNita prakaraNAnusAra prastuta kI gaI hai / antara sirpha itanA hai ki zramRtacandra ne kisI prakaraNa ko vizeSa spaSTa kiyA hai kisI ko kama / udAharaNa ke lie ahiMsA vrata meM ahiMsA kA svarUpa nirUpaNa jitanA vizad sUkSma evaM maulika rUpa se puruSArthasiddhayupAya meM AcArya amRtacandra ne kiyA hai, vaise anUThA varNana zrAvakAcAra granthoM kI samagra paramparA meM kahIM bhI kisI bhI grantha meM yugapat tathA spaSTarUpeNa ullikhita nahIM milatA / divrata, dezavrata tathA anarthadaNDavrata ina tInoM guNavratoM kA nirUpaNa puruSArthasiddhayupAya meM saMkSepa meM (kevala 6 padyoM dvArA) kiyA gayA hai, jabaki ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra meM inhIM kA varNana kucha vistRta rUpa meM ( 24 padyoM dvArA ) huA hai / samyagjJAna adhikAra meM puruSArthasiddhayupAya meM pramANa-nayoM kA svarUpa, samyagdarzana tathA samyagjJAna meM kAryakAraNa bhAva kA niyama, samyagjJAna kA svarUpa tathA isake aMgoM " 2. ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra padya naM. 47 3. puruSArthasiddha yupAya, paca naM. 37

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224 ] 1 AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM karta. tya kA pratipAdana hai, jabaki ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra meM kevala samyagjJAna kA svarUpa evaM prathamAnuyoga, karaNAnuyoga, caraNAnuyoga tathA dravyAnuyoga kA lakSaNa darzAyA gayA hai / 11 pratimAoM kA prakaraNa puruSArthasiddhayupAya meM varNita nahIM hai, vahIM ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra meM saMkSepa meM ullikhita hai / zepa prakaraNa puruSArtha siddhayupAya meM bhI ve hI haiM jo ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra meM upalabdha haiM / puruSArthasiddha yuvA meM varNita samasta viSaya vastu ko nimnalikhita 6 vibhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai - 1. granthapIThikA ( zloka 1 se 16 taka ) 3. 4. 2. samyagdarzana adhikAra ( zloka 20 se 30 taka ) samyagdarzana adhikAra (zloka 31 se 36 taka ) samyak cAritra adhikAra (zloka 37 se 174 taka ) sallekhanA adhikAra ( iloka 175 se 166 taka ) sakalacAritra adhikAra (zloka 167 se 226 taka ) 5.. 6. granthapIThikA isameM prathama to maMgalAcaraNa ke rUpa meM iSTadeva ko smaraNa kiyA hai / vahA~ guNapradhAna smaraNa hai vyaktipradhAna nahIM / iSTadeva ko paraMjyoti zrarthAt kevalajJAnasvarUpa kahA tathA use darpaNa ke samAna samasta padArtho ko jhalakAne vAlA khaa| tatpazcAt paramAgama kA prANasvarUpa anekAMta ko samasta virodhoM kA zamana karane vAlA hone se namaskAra kiyA hai / Age lekhaka ne triloka saMbaMdhI padArthoM ko prakAzita karane vAle ekamAtra netrasvarUpa paramAgama ko bhalIbhAMti jAnakara, vidvAnoM ke lie puruSArthasiddhayupAya grantha kI racanA karane kI pratijJA kI hai / sAtha hI nizcayavyavahAra kA rahasyajJa vaktA hI ziSyoM kA durnivAra ajJAnAMdhakAra naSTa kara jagat meM gharmatIrtha kA pravartana karane vAlA hotA hai, yaha ghoSita kiyA hai / " tatpazcAt nizcaya ko bhUtArtha tathA vyavahAra ko abhUtArtha batalAte hue, adhikAMza jagajjana bhUtArthajJAna arthAt vastusvarUpa ke yathArtha jJAna se rahita hai, yaha spaSTa kiyA / yadyapi vyavahAra naya prabhUtArtha asatyArthaM kathana karane vAlA hai, vastu kA asalI svarUpa nahIM batalAtA, tathApi ajJAnIjIvoM ko samajhAne ke lie bAcArya vyavahAranaya kA bhI upadeza 1. puruSArthasiddha yupAya, pAM1, 2, 3, 4 4

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kRtiyA~ / | 225 karate haiM, parantu jo jIva mAtra vyavahAra ko hI jAnatA hai, usako vyavahAra kA upadeza nahIM hai| vAstava meM samagra dezanA kA sAra yA rahasya use ho prApta hotA hai jo nizcaya-vyavahAra ko yathArtha samajhakara nayapakSa ko chor3akara madhyastha hotA hai|' - isake bAda grantha meM pratipAdya viSaya kA prArambha hotA hai / sparza, rasa, gaMdha, varNa Adi se rahita, guNa-paryAya sahita tathA utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvya yukta caitanya prAtmA hI puruSa kahalAtA hai| apane rAgAdi vikArI pariNAmoM kA kartA aura bhoktA svayaM ajJAnI AtmA hI hotA hai, parantu jaba AtmA sarva prakAra ke vibhAvoM ko tyAga kara apane niSkampa caitanyasvarUpa meM sthira hotA hai taba prAtmA ke prayojana kI siddhi hotI hai aura vaha kRtakRtya hotA hai / yahA~ kAraNa kArya kA jJAna karAte hue prAcArya likhate haiM ki jIva ke pariNAmoM kA nimitta pAkara pudgala skaMdha svayameva jJAnAbaraNAdi karmarUpa pariNamita hote haiM aura isI prakAra jJAnAvaraNAdi dravya karma ke udaya kA nimitta pAkara jIva svayaM hI rAgAdi bhAva rUpa pariNamita hotA hotA hai| na jIva ke pariNAma pudgalakarmoM ke pariNamana kartA haiM aura na hI pudagalakama jIvapariNAma ke krtaa| isa prakAra sahaja kAraNa-kArya yA nimitta-naimittika saMbaMdha banatA hai / aisA sahaja kAraNa-kArya kA niyama na mAnakara ajJAnI jIva rAgAdi bhAvoM tathA zarIrAdi ko eka dUsare kA kartA mAnate haiM / unheM saMyukta na hone para bhI saMyakta rUpa se mAnate haiM, yahI ajJAna unake saMsAra paribhramaNa kA bIja hai|' isake bAda viparIta zraddhAna kA nAza, nijAtmA kA yathArthajJAna tathA nijasvarUpa kI sthiratA ko hI puruSArthasiddhi kA upAya gayA hai| muniyoM kI alaukika vRtti nathA manidharma kA upadeza pahale na karake, gahastha dharma ke upadezadAtA ko daNDanIya batAyA hai jisakA kAraNa upadezadAtA dvArA akrama (kramabhaMga) kathana karane se yogya pAtra kA ThagAyA jAnA hai| isa prakAra pIThikA kI pratipAdya vastu samApta hotI hai / samyagdarzana adhikAra - isa adhikAra meM zrAvakadharma ke sAdhanArtha grahastha ko bhI samyagdarzana samyagjJAna tathA samyakcAritra kA yathAzakti sevana karane kA upadeza hai / 1. puruSArtha siddhaH yupAya, padya kramAMka 5, 6, 7, 8 2. puruSArtha siddha yupAya, padya kramAMka 6, 10, 11 3. vahIM, padya kramAMka 12, 13, 144. dahI, padya pramAMka 15 se 16 tk|

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226 / | prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM karta tva ina tInoM meM sarvaprathama zrAvana ko samyaktva kI hI sAdhanA bhalIbhAMti, samasta prayatnoM dvArA karanI cAhiye kyoki samyaktva ke hone para hI jJAna tathA cAritra sacce hote haiN| yahAM samyagdarzana kA svarUpa nirUpita karate hue likhA hai ki jIva ajIva prAdi tattvArthoM kA, viparIta abhiprAya se rahita zraddhAna nirantara karanA cAhiye / vaha zraddhAna AtmasvarUpa hI hai|' samyagdarzana ke saMrakSaNArtha tathA parizoSaNArtha nikAMkSita, nivicikitsA, amUhadaSTi, upagRhana, sthitikaraNa, vAtsalya tathA prabhAvanA ina ATha aMgoM kA sevana karanA Avazyaka hai| ina pATha aMgoM ke saMkSepa meM lakSaNa isa prakAra haiM - sarvajJakathita, anekAMtasvarUA bastu-svabhAva meM zaMkA nahIM karanA nikita aMga hai| isa loka kI sampadA. prAdi, paraloka kI cakravartI, nArAyaNa Adi padoM kI abhilASA tathA ekAMtavAdI matoM kI AkAMkSA kA tyAga karanA nikAMkSita aga hai| bhukha, pyAsa, sardI, garmI pAdi nAnA prakAra ke bhAvoM meM, malamutrAdi se saMparka hone meM glAni na karanA nivicikitsA aMga hai / jagat ke mithyA zAstroM, mithyAtattvoM, mithyA-devatAoM meM zraddhA nahIM karanA tathA tatvaruci rakhanA amuSTi hai / mArdava Adi bhAvanAoM se hamezA prAtmA ke zuddhasvarUpa kI vRddhi karanA tathA dUsaroM ke doSoM ko gulla rakhanA upagRhana aMga hai / kAma, krodha, mada Adi ke kAraNa nyAyamArga se vicalita hone vAle apanI tathA para kI yaktipUrvaka sthiratA karanA sthitikaraNa hai / mokSasukha sampadA ke kAraNabhUta dharma - ahiMsA meM tathA sabhI sAdharmIjanoM meM hamezA utkRSTa vAtsalya bhAva dhAraNa karanA vAtsalya aMga hai| ratnatraya ke teja se apanI AtmA ko prabhAvita karanA tathA dAna, tapa, jinapUjanAdi aura vidyA ke atizaya dvArA jainadharma kI prabhAvanA karanA prabhAvanA hai| isa prakAra ATha aMgoM ke nirUpaNa sahita ukta adhikAra samApta hotA hai / samyagjJAna adhikAra - tRtIya vibhAga samyagjJAna adhikAra meM samyaktva ke dhAraka puruSoM ko hamezA jinAgama kI paramparA, yukti arthAt pramANa tathA naya se vicAra karake prayatnapUrvaka samyagjJAna kA sevana karanA kattavya nirUpita kiyA hai / yaha bhI spaSTa kiyA hai ki yadyapi samyagdarzana ke 1. puruSArya siddha yuSAma, padya kramAMka 20, 21, 22, 2. puruSArthasiddha yupAya, padya kramAMka 20 se 30 tk|

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kRtiyAM ] [ 227 sAtha hI samyagjJAna utpanna hotA hai tathApi usakI pRthak ArAdhanA karanA ucita hai, kAraNa ki donoM meM kAraNa-kArya rUpa lakSaNa bheda se bhinnatA saMbhava hai| samyagdarzana kAraNa tathA samyagjJAna kArya hone se samyaktva ke bAda hI samyagjJAna kI prArAdhanA karanA likhA hai| kAraNa aura kArya kA ekakAla hone para bhI dIpaka aura prakAza kI bhAMti samyagdarzana tathA sAzAjJAna meM kAnA-kAgane kI vidhi saghaSita hotI hai| yahAM samyagjJAna kA lakSaNa bhI likhA hai ki prazasta anekAntAtmaka svabhAva vAle padArthoM kA saMzaya, viparyaya tathA anadhyavasAya rahita nirNaya karanA cAhiye / vaha samyagjJAna AtmasvarUpa hI hai| isa samyagjJAna ke bhI ATha aMga kahe haiM jo kramazaH vyaMjanAcAra, arthAcAra, kAlAcAra, vinayAcAra, upadhAnAcAra, bahumAnAcAra tathA pranihnavAcAra nAma se kahe gaye haiN|' samyakcAritra adhikAra - puruSArtha siddha yupAya kA cauthA vibhAga samyavacAritra kA nirUpaka hai| isameM zrAvakoM ke AcaraNa va niyamoM kA vizam vivecana hai / amRtacandra ne prArambha meM hI likhA hai ki darzanamoha ke nAza hone arthAta samyagjJAna se tattvArthoM ko bhalIbhAMti jAna lene para hamezA dRr3ha cittavAle puruSoM ko samyakcAritra kA avalambana karanA cAhiye kyoMki ajJAna sahita cAritra samyakcAritra nAma nahIM pAtA, isalie samyagjJAna ke bAda hI sabhyazcAritra kI ArAdhanA karanA kahA gayA hai|' samyavacAritra kA svarUpa isa prakAra varNita hai ki samasta pApayakta mana-vacana-zAya ke yoga ke tyAga se cAritra hotA hai jo saMpUrNa kaSAya rahita, nirmala, viraktatA sahita aura AtmasvarUpa hotA hai| tatpazcAt cAritra ke deza-cAritra tathA savAla-cAritra ye do bheda kiye haiN| unameM sarvathA sarvadeza tyAga meM lIna muni zuddhopayogasvarUpa meM prAcaraNa karane vAlA hotA hai tathA ekadeza tyAga meM lagA huA zrAvaka hotA hai / ekadeza cAritra ke aMtargata hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, kuzIla tathA parigraha ina 5 pApoM kA sUkSma tathA savistAra vivecana kiyA mayA hai| ina sabhI kA spaSTa paricaya Age sAtaveM adhyAya meM kiyA gayA hai| prAcArya amRta candra ne ahiMsA tathA hiMsA kA lakSaNa bahuta hI mAmika evaM sUtrarUpa meM nirUpita 1. puruSAtha siddha yupAya, padya kramAMka 31 se 36 taka 2. vahI, padya kramAMka 37,38 3. vahIM, padya kramAMka 36

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928 1 [ AcArya amRtacandra vyaktitva evaM kartRtva karate huye likhA hai ki rAgAdi bhAvoM kI utpatti honA hI hiMsA hai, vaha jinAgama kA sAra hai|" unhoMne prAyaH samasta prakAra ko hiMsA - poSaka pravRttiyoM kA suyuktiyoM dvArA khaNDana kiyA hai / tathA upasaMhAra rUpa meM likhA hai ki hisya (jisakI himA kI jAtI hai), hiMsaka ( hiMsA karane vAlA kaSAyavAn jIva), hiMsA ( prANaghAta kI kriyA) tathA hiMsA ke phala ( pApasaMcaya) ko yathArtharUpa meM jAnakara hI vAstavika rUpa meM hiMsA kA tyAga saMbhava hai / ve yaha bhI sUcita karate haiM ki atyanta kaThinatA se // 3 pAra hone yogya, aneka prakAra saMgayukta gahana vana meM, mArga bhUle janoM ko naya samUha ke jJAtA guru hI zaraNa hote haiN| jinendradeva dvArA varNita nayarUpI cakra atyaMta paMnI dhAravAlA hai, duHsAdhya hai, yaha mithyAjJAnI puruSoM ke mastaka ko turaMta khaNDa-khaNDa kara detA hai / anya carcita viSayoM meM madya, mAMsa, madhu ke zeSa tathA tyAga, pAMca udumbara, phaloM ke doSa tathA unakA tyAga, satyavrata ke bheda va svarUpa, acauryavrata ke aMtargata kuzIla kA svarUpa evaM tyAga kA upadeza garigraha kA svarUpa va tyAga kA upadeza, rAtri bhojana meM hiMsA tathA usake tyAga kA vidhAna, digvata, devavrata, anarthadaNDavrata, ina tInoM guNavratoM kA svarUpa, sAmAyika proSadhopavAsa, bhogopabhogaparimANa tathA vaiyAvRtta ina cAra zikSAvratoM kA svarUpa, navadhAbhakti, dAtAra ke guNa, dAna tathA pAtra vicAra ityAdi viSayoM para isa vibhAga meM vizad prakAza DAlA gayA hai / " sallekhanA adhikAra isameM mallekhanA ko dharmarUpa ghana ko paraloka meM sAtha le jAne meM samartha batalAyA hai / maraNa ke samaya zAstrokta vidhi se sallekhanA dhAraNa karanA karttavya hai / sallekhanA ko zrAtmaghAta mAnane vAloM kI mAnyatA kA nirasana karate huye likhA hai ki rAgAdibhAvoM ke abhAva ke kAraNa sallekhanA AtmaghAta nahIM hai / vAstava meM krodhAdi kaSAyoM se ghirA huA manuSya hI AtmavAtI hai / sallekhanA ko ahiMsAsvarUpa batalAte huye samyakatva, vrata tathA zIlavatoM ke aticAroM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai 17 1. puruSArthasiddha yupAya, padya kramAMka 44 2. 3. vahIM, padya naM. 60 5. vahI, padya naM. 169 se 174 ka 7 puruSArthasiddha yupAya, padya 121 se 166 taka | vahI, padya kramAka 45 se 57 taka 4. nahI padya 5.8,56 6. vahI, paca 175 se 177 taka

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kRtiyA~ ] [ 226 sakalacAritra adhikAra - yaha isa grantha kA chaThayAM evaM aMtima vibhAga hai jisameM muniyoM ke sakala cAritra kA varNana hai| inameM anazana, avamodaya, vRttiparisaMkhyAna, rasaparityAga, viviktazayyAsana tathA kAyakleza ye chaha bAyatapa tathA vinaya, vaiyAvRtya, prAyazcita, vyutsarga, svAdhyAya tathA dhyAna ye chaha aMtaraMga tapa - ina bAraha tapoM kA nirUpaNa haiM / samatA, vaMdanA, stava (stuti), pratikramaNa, pratyAkhyAna tathA kAyotsarga ye chaha Avazyaka, tIna gupti mana, vacana, kAya), pAMca samiti (IryA, bhASA, eSaNA, AdAna nikSepaNa, pratiSThApanA), dazadharma (uttamakSamA, mArdaiva, Ajava, zauca, satya, saMyama tapa, tyAga, AkiMcanya, evaM brahmacarya) bAraha anuprekSA, bAIsa pariSajaya ityAdi kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| yahA~ yaha bhI spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ki ratnatraya se kabhI bandha nahIM hotaa| vaha to ekamAtra mokSa kA hI kAraNa (upAya) hai| yahA~ bandha ko niyama kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai ki jitane aMza meM samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna evaM samyakcAritra haiM, utane aMza se bandha nahIM hotA aura jitane aMza meM rAga maujuda hai, utane rAgAMza se bandha hotA hai| yoga aura kaSAya bandha ke kAraNa haiM parantu ratnatraya to na yogarUpa hai aura na kaSAya rUpa, vaha to zuddhasvabhAvarUpa ho hai / zuddhAtmA kA nizcaya, samyagdarzana, zuddhAtmA kA jJAna, samyagjJAna tathA zuddhAtmA meM sthiratA, samyakcAritra hai| ina tInoM se bandha kadApi nahIM hotA, ye to nirvANa ke hI kAraNa haiM / Agama meM samyaktva tathA cAritra se tIrthaMkara prakRti, AhArakazarIra tathA aveyakAdi sambandhI devAyu kA bandha honA likhA hai vaha vyavahAra naya kA upacArita kathana mAtra hai / naya ke jJAtAoM ko aise kathanoM kA rahasya yA abhiprAya jJAta ho jAne se aise kathana doSAdhAyaka nahIM hote| yahA~ marma kI bAta yaha hai ki yoga va kaSAya se hone vAlA tIrthaMkara Adi prakRtiyoM kA bandha samyaktva tathA cAritra ke sadabhAva meM hI hotA hai, abhAva meM nahIM, parantu bandha ke kAraNa samyaktva va cAritra nahIM hai| ratnatrayadhArI muniyoM ko devAya Adi prakRtiyoM kA bandha kyoM hotA hai ! isa zaMkA kA samAdhAna karate hue spaSTa ghoSaNA kI hai ki 1. puruSArthamida yupAtra, padya 167 se 210 taka 2. vahI, 'padya 211 se 214 naka 3. vahI, paca 215 se 218 taka /

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230 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva ratnatraya to ekamAtra nirvANa kA hI kAraNa hai, anya gati prAdi ke bandha kA kAraNa nahIM hai, parantu ratnatraya ke sAtha jo puNyAsrava hotA hai, vaha zubhopayoga kA aparAdha hai| phira bhI jagat meM "ghI jalAtA hai" aise prasiddha loka vyavahAra kI bhAMti ratnatraya ko bhI bandha ke kAraNapane kA vyavahAra rUddha ho cukA hai| anta meM yaha spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ki pUrvokta nizca ya-vyavahAra rUpa samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna tathA samyakcAritramaya mokSamArga hai, jisa para cala kara prAtmA paramAtma pada ko prApta karatA hai tathA loka ke anta meM virAjamAna hotA hai / vaha paramapada kRtakRtya hai, samasta padArthoM kA jJAtA hai, viSayasukha se rahita jJAnAnanda maya hai, jJAna svarUpa hai tathA mokSapada meM sadaiva Ananda rUpa se virAjamAna rahatA hai|' prAcArya amRtacandra upasaMhAra karate hue jana nIti athavA naya vivakSA ko dahI kI mathAnI kI rassI ko khIMcane vAlI gvAlinI kI taraha mukhya tathA gauNa karake vastu kA sAra prApta karAne vAlI batalAte haiM / aMtima padya dvArA prAcArya amRtacandra ghoSaNA karate haiM ki "nAnAvoM se zabdoM se vAkyoM kI aura vAkyoM se pavitra isa puruSArthasiddha yupAya zAstra kI racanA huI hai, isakI racanA meM merA kucha bhI (kartRtva) nahIM hai|' isa prakAra samagra kRti meM vivecita tathA yathAkrama samAyojita viSayavastu se puruSArthasiddha grupAya kI racanA apane prApa meM advitIya, anupama va anUThI hai tathA amRtacandra ke amRtopama aAnandAmRta se abhisaMcita hai| sUtrabaddha, suvyavasthita, satarka va sodAharaNa tattvavivecana se ukta kRti kA aparanAma "jinapravacanarahasyakoza" sArthaka ho gayA hai| pAThAnusaMdhAna - AcArya amanacandra kI maulika evaM svataMtra racanAoM meM puruSArtha siddha yupAya sarvAdhika bizna ta racanA rahI hai| jaina samAja ke bAla gopAla taka isaro paricita haiM / ghArmika pAThazAlAoM meM isakA paThana-pAThana avazya hotA hai| isakI vizeSa prasiddhi ke kucha kAraNa haiN| prathama to, ukta kRti zrAvakoM ke AcaraNa kI pradarzikA yA AcAra saMhitA ke rUpa meM khyAtiprApta hai| dUsare, isa racanA kI nirUpaNa zailI atyaMta sarala, sIdhI evaM satarka hai| tIsare, isameM nirUpita ahiMsA 1. vahI, padya 216 se 224 taka 6. vahI, padya 226 bAM 2. vahI, 'padya 225 vAM /

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kRtiyA~ / [ 231 kA prakaraNa zrAvakAcAroM kI Adyanta paramparA meM anupama, aAkarSaka evaM AzcaryakArI hai / cauthe, yaha kRti AcArya amRtacandra ke amRtopama adhyAtma rasa se paripUrNa tathA jinAgama ke gambhIra rahasyoM kI udghATana karane vAlI racanA hai| pAMcave, isa grantha kI eka nahIM, aneka pratiyAM mudrita evaM hastalikhita donoM prakAra kI prAyaH pratyeka jinamandira tathA jainazAstramaNDAroM meM milatI haiN| itanA hI nahIM, isa gnastha kI pratiyAM aneka zrAvako pAla upanA hotI haiN| ramajota hinamandiroM meM zAstrabhaNDAroM ko dekhA to vahAM puruSArthasiddha yupAya grantha kI eka se adhika pratiyAM upalabdha huI / maine svayaM bhI pAThAnasaMdhAna hetu bIsa prakAra kI vibhinna TIkAkAroM, sampAdakoM, anavAdako tathA lipikAroM kI puruSArthasiddha pAya kI pratiyA~ prApta kI haiM jinakA vistRta vivaraNa Age diyA gayA hai| upalabdha pratiyoM kI bhASA hindI, brajabhASA, marAThI paJca va gadya, gujarAtI, aMgrejI ityAdi haiN| ye sabhI pratiyAM do prakAra kI haiM mudrita tathA hastalikhita / mudrita meM bhI adhikAMza pustakAkAra sajilda haiM, kucha zAstrAkAra arthAt pRthak pRSThoM vAlI hai| inameM hastalikhita pratiyAM sarvAdhika prAcIna haiN| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki mudraNa ke vikAsa ke pUrva to hastalikhita praniyoM ke mAdhyama se hI paThana-pAThana kI paramparA calatI rahI hai / hastalikhita pratiyoM meM kucha pratiyoM kA vivaraNa isa prakAra hai - sarvaprathama TIkA paMDita pravara ToDaramalajI jayapUra kI DhaDhArI bhASA meM upalabdha hotI haiM, jise ve apane jIvana kAla meM pUrNa nahIM kara pAye / use paMDita daulatarAma jo ne vikrama saMvat 1827 (arthAt 1770 IsvI) meM pUrNa kiyA thA / ukta hastalikhita prati sajilda evaM sundara likhAvaTa meM hai| lipikAra phaterAma vyAsa tathA lipikAla 1646 vikrama sabat (1886 IsvI) hai| yaha prati zrI pArzvanAtha digambara jaina bar3A mandira hanumAnatAla jabalapUra( madhya pradeza) ke hastalikhita zAstra bhaNDAra - -.. -.. -. 1. kucha dekhe gaye zAstrabhanDAroM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM - sivanI, vArAsivanI, chidavAr3A, jabalapura, gAgara, bhogAla, indaura, ujjaina, vidizA, gunA, sIhora, ityAdi (madhyapradeza meM), nAgapura, pUnA, kolhApura, solApura, bAlacandanagara, bAhuba likumbhoja daramAdi (mahArASTra meM), jayapura ke kaI zAstra bhanDAra, AgarA, byAvara, ajamera tathA ahamadAbAda, mahesAnA, bhAvanagara, phatepura, (gujarAta) ityaadi|

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kariyeTIkApuramA upacAradhamemane hAtacI kAmaraNAlImAbAmapanidhAna kusAtadobasaMghakauladI jIvana nityanArapasuka hojarAjApratAhoUdharmakodhita mirAro'vaganake pAdaunavijanasikismatArarasaiUyaresamA vinasa lAIsamA samAgisararatisarisamudisyatarajAtIhArAsaMdarazAtajAnanA UparanideyaravA nAmhAsukalapaMcamaguruvAmAdhismAlaki vivAha sTAra satabamAtyAvaragAna vivyAtA prAsa kanAnagaramapravIna zrIjinadharmavipailavatI mAninasunadhAsIsamakAmanArAnaviladalInAvasavarorAgrAma nimAramvanijajombanita kareMDicAsAranagarako kAra savAyA rAmahaphira pAya tinakai sutajyavaravAri khutisunavaudAramAmAnIsamaDegamAmAlanAlaghuritamuktAna naucaMdrayaramayadInalaghumanatrImAnalA lamulInArAmA yasamadhArevaranina naminakulako ni mAyAnitikaravidArayanAzananado adhikAra tyAnanyAkA kAraNa pAyApalabaramaprininAsakarAyA nAdAnavahatAjAne namIdadacakuladhAna manasA dAdA nabhIce daboninanijayurahita muvicAradhAmadhudhAyakailimavAhitAsAna yAyaviTArAyaNasuSa kArAguNadhAmAnagaranagalavakaidilikhAvAsaniyama rajavalaginagimarahanavAMgasaziprasAda ligivijanamurumatavivarahI yaha zAna nArana umariktarUpAsiyArAbhAdamAgama miniprasADhasyurU kavAsAsaMda RANATir tipur zubhamastu (guruvarya migalasugamya - paM. rAma kR ARE Pe - janatmapUra ko pAne kA Ane )

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kRtiyA~ 1 [ 233 meM upalabdha hai| yahAM bhinna bhinna saMvat kI anya kaI pratilipiyAM bhI haiM / isa prati meM lipi viSayaka zAbdika truTiyAM aneka haiN| udAharaNa ke lie prArambhika kucha pathoM kI ToDaramalajIkRta mudrita prati se tulanA kI jAtI hai / mudrita prati digambara jaina svAdhyAya mandira TrasTa - sonagar3ha jilA bhAvanagara (saurASTra) se prakAzita hai| jabalapura kI (hastalikhita) prasi purusArtha siddhayopayAya (padya kramAMka 1) payyAyaH darpaNa (padya - 2) niSaddha vilasitAne anekAM ( paca-3) rUpodrayate viduSSAM sidhUpAyoyaM ( paca-4) durasta nizcayajJA ( padya - 5 ) varaNayantyabhUtArtha vimukha prAya (padya - 6 ) avudhasya bodhanArtha munIsvarA (padya 7 ) mANavaka hi eva (padya) ya prApnoti dekhanA ziS sonagar3ha kI ( mudrita ) prati puruSArthasiddha yupAya paryAyaH darpaNa niSiddha vilasitAnAM zranekAntama rUpodbhiyate viduSAM siddha yupAyo'yama dustara nizcayajJAH varNayantyabhUtArthaM m vimukhaH prAyaH abudhasya bodhanArthaM munIzvarAH mANavaka eva yaH prApnoti dezanA ziSya : isI prakAra kI truTiyAM prAyaH adhikAMza padyoM meM pAI jAtI hai / uparyukta tulanA se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki hastalikhita prati meM hI TiyAM pAI jAtI haiM, mudrita prati meM una truTiyoM kA sudhAra huA hai / dvitIya hasta likhita prati paM0 bhUvara mizra dvArA racita upalabdha huI hai / yaha prati brajabhASA (hindI) meM hai| isakI racanA saMvat 1871 ( IsvI 1814 ) ye huI thii| yaha pRthak patroM vAlI spaSTa akSaroM meM meM likhI gaI haiM / lipikAra paMjavAra caube canderI ( madhya pradeza ) haiM /

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- - - mAsabaseminobhAvaharavaNunakara ucita dhitakIdevisyAcina meM bhagajaharahAmadhyasthanamoriyA naTe cArabhAranArUpanakIrInihAzAhAcArabhAvanAvitadharoyabhAratibhanugamana zlIzrutasAbhalAsIyasamAmilAnAyunitakA dAvAavAraharIrakotaramAsabhAdauna zubhazrutapachasugaMdhadazamIgraMthalipiharagakimAdhaniaTAcajanIzajaladharAmamanonI kAlabhAupadesavaraSAkarasIjalabhadikajanavanamAla pAsavaimAgAsAdharamIloganaparemamA hidiDakInoM meMbhImanaparahilidhi meMdhazaharaMganApaMDijanearathapaDhATInImAmaiko kinakadizataupavazehayAkaranakAsakalAniyA niyunabhalAdasIdharamitraninasoSisudhAra zahAraneupagArI milikInAyagAralIkAttavyahavAlavothIkAvisatarIhamAlavahAnAma gale dusspelaapnvivivivicrnaarviraastrekraidaasardaasbhaamhrsaahimmere|

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kRtiyA~ ] [ 235 yaha lipi saMvat 1926 ( IsvI) kI hai| yaha prati zrI digambara jaina maMdira, cauka, bhopAla meM upalabdha hai / yahA~ bhI vibhinna saMvatsaroM kI hastalikhita tathA mudrita kaI pratiyAM haiN| isameM bhI pATha sambandhI aneka azuddhiyAM haiM jo lipi viSayaka haiN| pUrvokta sonagar3ha prati ke sAtha isakI tulanA karane para yaha bAta spaSTa ho jAtI hai ki sarvAdhika sahI evaM upayogI pATha kisa prati kA hai| udAharaNa svarUpa yahA~ kucha padyoM kI tulanA kI jAtI hai| bhopAla kI (hastalikhita) prati padma kramAMka 1 paryAya dana padya 2 padya 3 paramAgamastha jIva vilasitAnA netre paramAgama vidupA siddha yupAyaya viNeya durbodhA vyavahAra varNayatyabhUtArthaM varNayantyabhUtArthama bodhavimukhaH dezayatyabhUtArthaM bodhavimukhaH dezayantyabhUtArthaM ma kevalamavaiti kevala meveti mAnavaka mANavaka madhyastha madhyasthaH dezanAyA dezanAyA: ziSya ziSyaH aisI hI truTiyAM prAya: sampUrNa grantha meM pAI jAtI haiM, ataH zuddha pAThAnusaMdhAna kI dRSTi se yaha prati bhI adhika upayogI pratIta nahIM hotI / isa prati meM padya saMkhyA meM bhI antara hai| mudrita prati meM 226 paca haiM jabaki hastalikhita prati meM kevala 225 padya haiN| vAstava meM mUlapATha pUrNa hai parantu padya saMkhyA likhane meM lipikAra ne kaI jagaha bhUleM kI padma 4 padya 5 padya 6 sonagar3ha ko ( mudrita ) prati paryAyaH darpaNa padya 7 padya 8 paramAgamasya jIvaM vilasitAnAM netraM paramAgamaM viduSAM siddha yupAyo'yama vineya durbodhA: vyavahAraM

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amacaMdanAjadhAnamagrImapAla umadesavarakhAirIlIjanabhAvakajanavanaH / jAla mAravAramA sAmAnAmoranIdevAnalamonarAkaradinti / ... - -- nagAlokAravAlalobharIkArinarIha 26|amaalkaay rasAgasam mudinAnAsAhajanaka nanakA avadAhInakImAlinamAnabhArata vinivaradArapurAsurakara kodAsavadAsanAsaharasAhibAre mahasaMsArasArakhaH / samAnasarayA nirAdara sansArapasaladhupakaratAnApAvA yAsAta paranAmAnAcAramAna tAmAkAnIkasudImA savana - - - - . . . - - - - - - - ...aura meM roja 5 were.) ko purUghA sahanumA pani kA aMtima panma sAmane kA puSTa) /

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kRtiyA~ | [ 237 haiM / uparyukta lekhaka ( paM0 bhUdhara mizra ) kI racanA kI eka pratilipi hanumAnatAla, jabalapura ke mandira meM bhI hai| yaha tIsarI hastalikhita pRthak patroM vAlI prati hai jo lipi kI apekSA bhopAla kI prati se atyadhika sundara, svaccha evaM AkarSaka hai parantu vaTiyoM kI saMkhyA isameM aura bhI adhika hai / udAharaNa ke lie nimna padya tulanA hetu prastuta haiN| - jabalapura prati padya 1 raNaMtaparyAya padya 2 paramAgasya darpanatala iva zakalA padArthamAli - jAsaMdhura vidhAnaM virodhamathanaH namAmyaHanekAntaM - sonagar3ha prati rataparyAyaH isa prakAra pAThazodha kI dRSTi se yaha prati bhI anupayogI hI hai / isa prati kI racanA tithi to vahIM vikrama saMvat 1871 haiM parantu lipi saMvat kA kahIM koI ullekha nahIM hai| TIkAkAra kA paricaya anta meM avazya diyA gayA hai|' TIkAkAra bhUdhara mizra ne jainadharma tathA vizeSataH darpaNa tala iva zakalA padArthamAlikA paramAgamasya jAtyAta nididha virodhamadhanaM nAmAbhyanekAntam zAhagaMja mohe sukhI bhAga anusAra, 1. doharA nagara Agare ke nikaTa jainadhAma abhirAma soM cAroM varNa prajA base bhaTTalopata tahAM vidyAdhana murikha paMDita hota hai jinakI maMgati pAi, jaise pArasa ko parasa loha kanaka ho jAi || 3 || raMganAtha tinameM nipuNa, sRjana sarAhata jAhi vidhAtA tAhi // 4 // sukhakAra / anusAra // // sadA zAstra vidyA vimala daI tinasI bhAga rAMjoga kari bhayo saMga tina meM jaina purANa hama dekhe mati caupAI se paThana karata bahu bhAya zrI puruSAratha siddha upAya | amRtacandrakRtagrantha anuga, dekho dharmarasAyanikUpa / / 6 / / hiMsA bheda bahuta vA mAMhi, paise aura grantha meM nAhi / gambhIra - kaNDo artha na samajhayo jAi, taba meM raMganAtha pe AI // 7 // sukhavAsa, dharmanivAsa / / 1 / / bhaNDAra || 2 |

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A n s . -.- . // 6karamA nApamAnasapAsa bhIomAlaka maMdIra padhAre zrImAna TamAravADI harIeyajalagata talavAremacaM naspasnAsmAna dAsa tasya bhAna choTenisapAsanI kelAyatramAnavAnelasAkelA jAta nadoralepapura mitimAuna 2 caMdAra lavana ra 22 navAra-covevadIvAre 4. di .seca, bhonA bhI pukAra prati mA pratika mantrI vijamA ) / HERE:

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kRtiyo / / 23 puruSArtha siddha yupAya kA marma tatkAlIna vidvAna paNDita raMganAtha se samajhA thaa| paNDita giradhara mizra kA yaza bhI amRtacandra kRta samayasAra kalazoM kA amRtamayI artha bakhAna karane ke kAraNa phailA thA / TIkAkAra anta meM likhate haiM ki isa dukhamA paMcamakAla rUpa grISma Rtu se saMtapta, jagat jaMjAla meM par3e bhavya-jIvoM ko zItalatA pradAna karane vAlI upadezAmRta kI varSA karane vAle AcArya amRtacandra yatibara megha samAna dhanya haiM / TIkAkAra bhUdharamitha kI TIkA kI aMtima prazasti atyaMta mahatvapUrNa hai / vaha anya puruSArtha sikha yupAya tathA granthakAra AcArya amRtacandra para bahumUlya prakAza DAlatI hai| sAtha hI TIkAkAra ke samakAla tathA pUrvakAla meM bhI ukta kRti ke vyApaka pracAra-prasAra ko prabhAvita karatI hai / kaThina adhaM avadhArana kiyo, bhASA vacanarUpa likhi limau / asI bhAMti bacanikA bhaI, svapara heta hitakAraNa ThaI / / 8 // chappaya - amRta candrakRta kAvya kalaza tahAM artha sudhArasa / giradhara mizca maTIka ThAna mukharUpa liyo jasa / / budhibalavaMta udAra tAsa rasa ko AsvAdahi / hamase apar3ha ajAna hInavala kase lAghahi / / duje raMganAtha paMDita pracura, svapara zAstra marmajJa nara / tinake sahAya satrAMga lava arthalAbha upagAravara / / || soraThA - zruta samundra bahumAna, tahAM kauna bhUle nahiM / ase kahata mahAna, aura dIna kisa paMkti meM / / 10 / / dohA - bhUdhara kI yaha bInatI, muniyo sajjana soya / / guna ke gAhaka hUjiyo, dosa na lIjo koya / / 11 // ___ guna grAhI zizu thana laga, rUdhira chor3i paya leta / yaha bAlaka soM sIkhiye, jo sira pAye seta / / 12 / / aDilla - saba sau maitrI bhAtra haraSa guna meM krii| dukhita mukhita ko dekhi dayA citta meM gharo / / tahAM raho madhyastha jahAM viparIta hai| cAra bhAvanA rUpa jaina kI rIti haiM / / 13 / / doharA - cAra bhAvanA cina dharau yathAzakti anuThAn / jinapujI zrata sAMbhalau, sIkha samApita jAna / / 14 / / gItikA - saMvat aThAraha se ikottara mAsa bhAdau bara. tIyA / zubha zukla pakSa mugandha dazamI grantha likhi pUraNa kiyA /

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240 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva puruSArthagi ma sA gati koiramalajI tathA paNDita bhUghara mizra kI TIkAoM se bhI pahale eka TIkA saMskRta bhASA meM bhI likhI jA cukI thI, jisakI pratiyAM abhI bhI jayapura ke zrI digambara jaina baghIcanda jI' tathA zrI digambara jaina mandira TholiyoM kA (jayapura) meM upalabdha haiN| badhIcanda mandira kI prati meM TIkA kA nAma tripAThI TIkA diyA hai| digambara jaina mandira pATodI jayapura meM ukta saMskRta TIkA kI eka pratilipi samvat 1707 (IsvI 1650) kI vidyamAna hai| prAcArya kanakakIrti ke ziSya sadArAma ne phAguIpura meM pratilipi kI thii|3 saMskRta TIkA kI eka prati zrI digambara jaina terahapaMthI bar3A pani pramRtacandra jatIza jaladhara dukhamagrISama kAna meM / upadesa varaSA karI zItala bhavika jana banajAla meM / / 15 / / sarvayA - sAgharamI logani paura mohi dida kInoM / maiM bhI mana pheri buddhi likhave meM dharI hai / / raMganAtha paMDita ne praratha paDhAi dInauM / yAmaiM kaho kauna kavi rIti upacarI hai / / vyAkarana-koSA-kAlA vidhA meM nipuna bhalA / baMsIdhara mitra tina sodhi zuddhi karI hai| ete upagArI mili konA upagAra nIkA / taba yaha bAlabodha TIkA visatarI hai|| 16 / / chappaya - panavivividha caranAravinda prasurAsura kere| kara dAsa aradAsa pAsa hara sAhiba mere / / yaha saMsAra asAra khAra sAgara hai soI / tuma bina tArana tahAM tihu~kAla' na koI / / aba harahu dIna kI malina mati, bhara hauM pAsa azarana zarana / nita karahu kSema cahusaMga meM, zAMtideva saba sukha karana / / iti (zrI puruSArtha siddha pupAya aparanAma jinapravaca rahasya koza kI bhASA TIkA sapUrNa) (dekhiye pRSTha 121, 122 jabalapura kI pAnDulipi) 1. rAjasthAna ke jaina zAstra bhaNDAroM kI sUcI, bhAga 3, pRSTha 32 2. bahI, pRSTha 185 3. bahI, bhAga 4, pRSTha 68

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kRtiyA~ | [ 241 mandira jayapura meM bhI upalabdha hai / ukta TIkA kI prati rAyala esiyATika sosAiTI bambaI meM bhI hai / isI taraha paM. ToDaramalajI tathA bhUdhara mizra kI racanA ke pUrva paM. bhUdharadAsa ne bhI eka TIkA puruSArSasiddhayupAya para samvat 1801 meM likhI thIM, jisakI pratilipi (samvat 1952 kI ) digambara jaina terahapaMtho bar3Amandira jayapura meM upalabdha haiM / yaha TIkA hindI meM hai| isake atirikta puruSArthasiddha yupAya kI uparyukta TIkAkAroM kI vibhinna samvatsaroM kI hastalikhita aneka pratiyA~ vibhinna sthAnoM para vidyamAna hai / unameM ajamera, alavara, dausA, bayAnA, nAgadI (bUndI), Toka, indaragar3ha ( koTA ), mahAvIrajI piyArI, bharatapura, kAmA, DIga, karaulI, bando tathA jayapura ke jaina mandiroM ke zAstra bhaNDAroM meM puruSArtha sivAya kI pratiyA~ upalabdha haiM / puruSArthasiddhayupAya kI hastalikhita tAr3apatrIya pratiyA~ bhI aneka sthaloM para upalabdha hotI hai| bhaTTAraka lakSmIsena jaina siddhAMta zruta bhaNDAra kolhApura (mahArASTra) meM eka tAr3apatrIya prati upalabdha hai, jisakI AkRti 76 13 iMca hai| isameM lipi kaznar3a bhASA kI hai, parantu prAcArya amRtacandra ke mUla saMskRta padya haiM / puruSArthasiddhayupAya ko mudrita pratiyoM meM sarvAdhika prAcIna prakAzana san 1667 IstrI kA upalabdha huA hai| isake marAThI TIkAkAra rA. rA. kRSNAjI nArAyaNa jozI hai / isakA prakAzana velagAMva (mahArASTra) se huA hai| isa prakAzana kI kucha vizeSatAe~ isa prakAra haiM - 1. isa kRti ke marAThI anuvAda kA zrAdhAra do pratiyA~ rahI hai| eka prati dravir3I lipi meM brahmasUrI zAstrI ke pAsa se jayarAva nainAra dvArA kI gaI lipi haiM tathA dUsarI prati jayapura ke maTha kI hai| 1. rAjasthAna ke jaina zAstra bhaNDAroM kI sUcI, bhAga 4 pRSTha 6= 2. puruSAddhi yupAya pra. pRSTha 5 (san 1904 kA saMskaraNa) saMpAdaka paNDita nAthUrAma premI / 3. rAjasthAna ke jaina zAstra bhaNDAroM kI sUcI, bhAga 4, pRSTha 66 4. vahI bhAga 5 pRSTha 134-135 5. puruSAcaM siddha yugAya, pra. puSTha prathama ( rA. rA. kRSNAjI nArAyaNa jozI kRta marAThI TIkara)

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242 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva 2, isa prakAzana meM padya kramAMka 70 ko chor3a diyA gayA hai tathA padya naM, 227 naM. navIna milA diyA gayA hai| isameM milAye gaye zloka para dhyAna dene se jJAta hotA hai ki ukta zlodhA marAThI TIkAkAra ne yA to svayaM granthAnta meM prayukta zabdoM ko lekara raca liyA athavA bhrama se use zloka samajha kara use zloka kramAMka de diyA hai| prakSipta zloka isa prakAra hai - pIyUSacandrasUre: kRtiriti puruSArthasiddhayupAyoyaM / nAma jinapravacanarahasya bozaH samAptimati / / ukta padya meM amRta candra kI jagaha pIyUSacandra pada badalakara rakha diyA hai| paM. nAthUrAma premI dvArA sampAdita tathA hindI meM rUpAMtarita puruSArthasiddhayapAya grantha ke anta meM yaha gadyAMza diyA hai ... 'iti zrImadamRnacandrasUrINAM kRtiH puruSArthasiddhayupAyo'yaM nAma jitapravacanarahasyakoSaH samAptaH / "2 3. isa prakAzana meM pazcAt ke prakAzanoM se pATha bheda bhI pAyA jAtA hai jo mahattvapUrNa hai| pAThAMtara sUcI yahA~ prastuta kI jA rahI hai - belagAMva (marAThI) prati sonagar3ha prati padya 14 ayameva hi evamayaM padya 25 karttavyA karaNIyA padya 34 prakAzayoriha prakAzayoriva padya 46 vyuththAnAvasthAyAM vyutthAnAvasthAyAM pravRttAnAm pravRttAyAm padya 56 jagati jhaTiti padya 61 tatkAla prathamameva padya 66-67 nigoda nigota padya 684 1. chor3A gayA padya isa prakAra hai - svayameva vigalitaM yo gRhaNIyAdA chalena madhugolAt / tathApi bhavati hiMsA tadAzraya prANinAM ghAtAt / / 7 / / 2. puruSArthasiddha yupAya, paM. nAthUrAma, rAyacandra jaina zAstramAsA bambaI se 1904 IsvI meM prakAzita, antima pRSTa 115

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kRtiyA~ ] / 243 loke" padya 66 saMpUrNa padya 66 moktavyaM zuddha ddhibhiH madhukarahiMsAtmakaM bhavati satatama" 'vastu ni madhuyati hiMsA "bhavati madhu mUDhadhIko yaH | tadAzraya prANinAM ghAtAt sa bhavati hiMsako'tyatam / " padya 74 nizcitya parivajyaM padya 74 autsagikI utsargiko padya 85 zIna ca tvacireNa padya 106 yadyapi tadapi padya 155 proththAya podhyAya zuddhA kalpam ukta uktaM padya 220 yatrAdhita puNyaM prAsravatiyattu puNyaM padya 221 mita: miti 4. ukta prakAzana meM padya saMkhyA meM kara bhaMga haiM / padya kramAMka 50 vA haTa jAne se zeSa sabhI meM padya krama bhaga hai / sonagar3ha prati kA padya kramAMka 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, belagAMva prati ke padya kramAMka 73, 74, 75, 76, 77 haiN| pUruSArthasiddha yapAya ke zeSa upalabdha prakAzanoM meM kramaza: 1604 IsvI kA paM0 nAthUrAma dvArA sampAdita, 1606 IsvI kA sUrajabhAnu vakIla devabanda kA prakAzana, 1626 IsvI kA paM0 pasAlAla caudharIkRta kAzI kA prakAzana, 1627 IsvI kA paM makkhanalAla zAstrI murainA kA bahad saskaraNa, 1628 IsvI kA ajJAta lekhaka kA marAThI saMskaraNa, 1626 IsvI kA zaMkara paDharInAtha raNadive solApura kA prakAzana, 1936 Isvo kA paM0 satyaMghara jayapura kA saMskaraNa, 1658 IsvI kA sAgaracandra bar3ajAtyA lazgara kA prakAzana, 1956 IsvI kA paNDita saranArAma bArUmala (sahAranapura) kA, 1673 kA prA. bI.DI, pATila kolhApura kA marAThI saMskaraNa, 1974 IsvI kA vaidya gaMbhIracaMda jaina eTA kA hindI saMskaraNa, 1976 IsvI kA paM. vidyAkumAra se Tho kucAmana siTI kI bRhad TIkA, 1666 kI paM0 munnAlAla rAMdhelIya sAgara tathA paNDita manohara varNI kI TokAyeM ityAdi ke prakAzana upalabdha hue haiM / isake atirikta puruSArthasiddha yapAya kara aMgrejI meM 1633 IsvI meM

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244 ] [ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM katR tva je0 ela0 jainI kA tathA gujarAtI bhASA meM sana 1666 stroM meM "sonagar3ha" (saurASTra) se prakAzita saMskaraNa bhI dekhane meM Aye / ina sabhI prakAzanI ke mUla pATha meM vizeSa aMtara dikhAI nahIM diyA / mUlapATha kA saMzodhita, sarvAdhika zuddha va prAmANika saMskaraNa san 1674 meM sonagar3ha se prakAzita huA hai jisameM paM0 ToDaramalajI kRta TIkA kA hindI rUpAMtara hai| uparokta meM 1626 san meM zaMkara paDhagenAtha raNadive solApura kA puruSArthasiddha yupAya kA marAThI prakAzana kA vaiziSTya yaha hai ki isameM grantha kA aparanAma zrAvakAcAra diyA hai / isake atirikta kula 166 padya taka hI TIkA kI gaI hai| ukta prakAzana meM 167 se lekara 226 ke paba jisameM sakala cAritra kA nirUpaNa hai, chor3a diye gaye haiN| paramparA saMpUrNa jainAgama ko nirUpaNa kI dRSTi se cAra anuyogoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai| ve anuyoga haiM - prathamAnuyoga, karaNAnuyoga, caraNAnuyoga tathA dravyAnuyoga | prathamAnuyoga meM purANa-puruSoM kA caritra nirUpita kiyA gayA hai / karaNAnuyoga meM loka-aloka tathA cAroM gatiyoM kA aura yuga parivartana Adi kA nirUpaNa hai| caraNAnuyoga meM gRhastha tathA muniyoM ke cAritra (AcaraNa) kI utpatti, vRddhi aura rakSA ke sambandha meM varNana hai| dravyAnuyoga meM jIva ajIvAdi tatvoM, puNya-pApa tathA bandhamokSa kA svarUpa darzAyA gayA hai / ' ukta puruSArthasiddhayapAya caraNAnuyoga kI paramparA kA grantha hai| isameM gRhasthAcAra kA vizad tathA muni-AcAra kA saMkSipta nirUpaNa hai| gharaNAnuyoga kI paramparA para dRSTipAta karane se jJAta hotA hai ki prAcArya kundakunda ne niyamasAra tathA aSTapAhui meM AcaraNa sambandhI sarvaprathama nirUpaNa kiyA hai, parantu ukta nirUpaNa meM muni-yAcAra kA hI pramukhata: barNana hai| thAnakAcAra kA sarvaprathama, suvyavathina, savistAra vivecana ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra nAmaka grantha ke praNayana dvArA AcArya samaMtabhadra svAmI ne IsvI kI dUsarI sadI meM kiyA / tatpazcAt bhagavajjinasenAcArya ne mahApurANa meM (IstrI 800 se 848 ke bIca) zrAvakoM kI kriyAnoM kA ullekha kiyA / kiMtu mahApurANa meM varNita kriyAeM pUrvAcArya vaNita ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra kI paramparA se bilkula bhinna haiM / unheM samaya yA yuga kI mAMga kA pratibimba kahA jA 1. ratnakaraNDanAvakAcAra, padya kramAMka 43 se 46 taka /

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kRniyA 1 [ 245 sakatA hai / pUrvAcAyavarNita caraNAnuyoga viSayaka mUla paramparA kA punaruddhAra saMvarddhana, saMrakSaNa tathA pracAra-prasAra amRta candra ne puruSArthasiyapAya kI racanA karake kiyaa| unhoMne AcArya jinasena kI paramparA ko nahIM apanAyA / prAcIna mUna paramparA meM bhI unhoMne zrAvaka kI 11 pratimAoM kI apekSA, zrAvaka ke 12 pratoM para vizeSa jora diyA; jabaki 12 yatoM kA nirUpaNa do tihAI bhAga meM (156 padyoM meM) kiyA hai|' sAtha hI 12 tAra, SaTjhAvazyaka, pAMca samiti tathA dazadharmoM ke ekadevA pAlana para bhI jora diyA hai ! unakA paruSArthasiddhayapAya vAstava meM caraNAnuyoga kI paramparA kA saMrakSaka hai| unake bAda kaI zrAvakAcAra granthoM kA praNayana huA, parantu adhikAMza praNetAoM ne AcArya amatacandra kA honAdhika rUpa meM anukaraNa avazya kiyA hai| pazcAdvartI muni va zrAvakAcAra viSayaka granthoM meM somadevasUri (IsvI 643 se 668) kA yaza stilaRcampUgata upAsakAdhyayana, amitagati AcArya (IsvI 663 se 1021) kA amitagati zrAvakAcAra, cAmuNDarAya (gyArahavIM sadI IsvI) kA cAritrasAra gata zrAvakAcAra, svAmI kArtikeya (IsvI 1008 se Age kA kAlike yAnuprekSAgata zrAvakAcAra, basunaMdi (1043 IsvI) kA vasunaMdi zrAvakAcAra, devasena (IsvI dasavIM sadI) kA sAvayadhamma dohA, paNddhita prAzAdhara (IsvI vArahavIM sadI) kA sAgAra gharbhAmRta tathA anagAra dharmAmRta ityAdi pramukha rUpa se ullekhanIya haiM / paM. AzAbara ne sAgAradharmAmRta meM pUrNataH bhaTTArakIya paddhati kA anukaraNa kiyA hai| sAtha hI paMcAmRtAbhiSaka jinendrapUjA hetu bagIcA-bAvar3I Adi banavAnA", kanyAdAna ko puNya bandha kA kAraNa likhanA, zithilAcAra kA poSaNa' ityAdi Agama viruddha bAtoM kA samAveza sAgAra dharmAmuta meM kiyA hai| paM AzAdhara ne to yugAnurUpa granthoM kI racanA kii| ve svayaM likhate haiM .. --:. -...1. puruSAsita yugAya, pazu 37 se 166 tk| 2. vahIM, gadya kramAMka 167 se 250 taka / 3. vahIM, padya kramAMka 271 4. vahIM, padya kramAMka 203 5. yahI, padya kramAMka 204-205 6. sAgAravAmRta, adhyAya 6, padya 22 7. vahI, adhyAya 2, padma 40 8, vahI, pranyAya : pRSTha 57, 56, 56 6. vahI, adhyAya 2, padya 64

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246 / [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva "granthaH kRtasnena yugAnarUpaH' / ' yahAM yaha bhI ullekhya hai ki paM. AzAghara ne jahAM sAgAra dharmAmRta meM amRtacandra kA anusaraNa nahIM kiyA, vahIM unhoMne apane anagAra gharmAmRta meM unakA pUrA-pUrA anukaraNa kiyA hai| anagAradharmAmRta meM unhoMne AcArya amutacandra ke granyoM ke aneka padya pramANa rUpa meM upasthita kiye haiN| praNAlI - zrAvakAcAra tathA muni-AcAra viSayaka granthoM kI racanA sIdhI nirUpaNa zailI meM kI jAtI thI jise hama paribhASA zailI kaha sakate haiM, isa zailI kA prayoga sarvaprathama ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra meM milatA hai| prAcArya amRta candra ne puruSArthasiddha yupAya meM paribhASA zailI ke sAtha hI sAtha AdhyAtmika evaM tAkika zailI kA bhI prayoga kiyA hai| jahAM eka aura unhoMne nayAtmaka kathana zailI para jora diyA, vahIM dUsarI aura nayapakSa se sAvadhAna rahane kA bhI upadeza diyA hai| udAharaNArtha eka ora to ve mAtra vyavahAra ke jAnane bAnIko vyavahAra jinAnA kA niSedha kArate haiM to dUsarI ora ve nizcaya ko yathArtha meM na jAnakara, nizcaya kA hI prAzraya lekara apane pariNAmoM aura AcaraNa ko nahIM sudhArane vAloM kI bharsanA bhI karate haiN| isa prakAra puruSArthasiddhaya pAya grantha meM unhoMne bar3I sAvadhAnI pUrvakaH nizcaya-vyavahAra naya kI yogya saMdhi sahita vivecanA kI hai| ahiMsA ke siddhAMta ko dhyA patrAtA evaM sUkSmatA para bala dekara use hI pramugtra siddhAMta athavA jinAgama ke sArarUpa meM nirUpita karane meM unhoMne bar3I kuzalatA pradarzita kI hai / tAtvika, saiddhAMtika tathA dArzanika vivecanA kA paryApta puTa unakI zailI meM pAyA jAtA hai| graMtha vaiziSTya - ukta grantha aneka vizeSatAoM se vibhUSita haiM unameM kucha isa prakAra haiM - 1. "anekAMna" kI sarvAdhika mahattA pradarzita kI gaI hai| 1. jananibandhagalAvali, pRSTha 244 2. puruSAvasiddha yupAya, 'padya naM. 6 3. vahIM, gadya' naM. 5.

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kRtiyA~ / | 247 2. nayoM kA sAmaMjasyapUrNa, saMtulita vivecana huA hai / 3. samyagdarzana kI mahattA tathA samasta prakAra se usakI ArAdhanA para bala diyA hai| 4. "ahisA" kA vizada, sUkSama tathA advitIya nirUpaNa huA hai| 5. preraNAspada saiddhAMtika vRttiyoM kA prayoga huA hai| 6. adhyAtmarasikatA kA puTa diyA gayA hai / puruSArthasiddha yupAya ke vibhinna prakAzana va saMskaraNa - 1. TIkAkAra ajJAta, prakAzaka rA. e. so., bambaI, tithi IsvI 1744 se pahale, bhASA saMskRta, vizeSa-"tripAThI TIkA" 2. TIkAkAra. rA. rA. kRSNAjI nArAyaNa jozI, pUnA, prakAzaka vAlacaMda kastUracaMda dhArAzivakara, belagAMva, tithi-IsvI 1867 bhASA-marAThIgaca 3. TIkAkAra-nAthUrAma ''premI", devarI (sAgara), prakAzaka-rA.na.pa.pra. maMDala, bambaI, tithi-IsvI 1604, bhASA-hindI gadya/1000 4. TIkAkAra-bAbU sUrajabhAna vakIla, prakAzaka-devabanda (sahAranapura), tithi-IsvI 1606, bhASA-hindI gadya 5. TIkAkAra-paNDita trilokacanda kaTanI, prakAzaka-indralAla zAstrI, jayapura, tidhi-IsvI 1618, bhASA-hindI gadya / 6. sampAdaka-pannAlAla caudharI, prakAzaka-pannAlAla caudharI, banArasa, tithi-IsvI 1626, bhASA-saMskRta padya, vizeSa-mUlapATha 7. TIkAkAra-paNDita makkhanalAla zAstrI, murainA, prakAzaka-sa, jai. na. mAlA bhA. ja. si. pra. sa., kalakattA, tithi-IsvI 1927, bhASA hindI gadya 8. TIkAkAra-prajJAta, prakAza kA-jai. bA, ka. mAlA, motIlAla hIrAcaMda gAMdhI, usmAnAbAda, tithi-IsvI 1628, bhApA-marATho gadya-padya 6. anuvAdaka-zaMkara gaMDharInAtha raNadive, solapura, prakAzaka-hIrAcanda nemacanda dogI, solApUra, tithi-IsvI 1626, bhASA-marAThI gadya vizeSa-"zrAvakAcAra" 10. anuvAdaka-ajitaprasAda jaina, hAIkorTa jaja. bIkAnera, prakAzaka je. ela. nI. smRti pra. mA. dI, se. ja. pa. hA., lakhanaU, tithi1633, bhASA-aMgrejI gadya

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648 / [ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva 11. sampAdaka- satyaMghara jana, jayapUra, prakAzaka-munzI motIlAla zAha, jayapura, tithi-IsvI 1636, bhASA-hindI gadya 12. anuvAdaka-sAgaracanda bar3ajAtyA, lazkara (madhya pradeza), prakAzaka bra mUlazaMkara dezAI, AgarA, tithi-IsvI 1652, bhASA-hindI padya/3000 13. TIkAkAra-nAthUrAma "premI", prakAzaka-rA. na. pa. pra. maMDala, bambaI, tithi-IsvI 1953, bhASA-hindI gadya, vizeSa-caturthAvRtti / 14. TIkAkAra-paNDita sakhArAma jaina, prakAzaka-sakharAma jaina, bArUmala sahAranapura, tithi-IsvI 1656, bhASA-hindI gadya, vizeSa-"mokSa mArga prakAzikA TIkA" 15. anabAda-brajalAla giradharalAla zAha, bar3havANazahara prakAzaka-di.jai. svA. ma. TrasTa, sonagar3ha (sorASTra), tithi-IsvI 1966, bhASA gujarAtI gadya:4100 16. TIkAkAra-paNDita mulAkAmaya , .!i :., ...... mA., mAgara, tithi-IsvI 1666, bhASA-hindI 'padya-gadya/1000, vizeSa-bhAvaprakAzinI TIkA 17. TIkAkAra-manoharalAla varNI, meraTha, prakAzaka-sa. zA. mAlA, meraTha, tithi-IsvI 1668, bhASA-hindI gadya 1000 / 15. TIkAkAra-a. sumatibAI zahA tathA sume racAMdra ke. jaina, prakAzaka sa.jJA.pra. maNDala, solApUra, tithi-IsvI 1671, bhASA-marAThI gadya 16. anuvAdaka-bI. DI. pATila, kolhApUra, prakAzaka-la. di. jai. gra. kolhApUra, tithi-IsvI 1673, bhASA marAThA gadya 1000 20. anavAdakA gambhIra caMda vaidya, eTA, prakAzaka-di. jaM. svA, ma. da., sonagar3ha (saurASTra), tithi IsvI 1674, bhASA-hindI gadya 2200 21. anuvAdaka-vidyAghara seThI, kucAmanasiTI, prakAzaka-di. jai. samAja, kucAmana siTI, tithi-IsvI 1976, bhASA-hindI gadya 1000

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RniyA~ / / 246 prAtmakhyAti TIkA paricaya - dvitIya vibhAga meM TIkAoM ke aMtargata sarvaprathama Alocya kRti AtmakhyAti saMskRta gadya TIkA hai| yaha AcArya zreSTha kundakundasvAmI dvArA praNIta paramAdhyAtmika "samayapAhuDa" (samayamA bhUta ) nAmaka racanA kI marmasparzI, rahasyodghATaka TIkA hai / yaha paramAnanda rasa se paripUrita, anabhava-laharI se udvelita tathA jJAnasamudra bhagavAna AtmA ke atIndriya jJAnAnanda se paripUrNa kRti hai / AtmanyAti jaisI paramaAdhyAtmika, alaukika TIkA abhI taka bhI koI dUsare jainagrantha kI nahIM likhI gaI hai / yadyapi amRtacandra ne anya TIkAyeM tathA,maulika racanAyeM bhI kI hai, tathApi unakI yaha eka aAtmasyAniTIkA ho gar3hane vAloM ko amanacandra kI adhyAtmarasikatA, AtmAnubhUti, prakhara vidvattA, vastusvarUpa ko nyAya bayaktiyoM se siddha karane kI asAdhAraNa zakti nathA uttama kAvya-zakti kA pUrA jJAna ho jAtA hai / ati saMkSepa meM gaMbhIra rahasyoM ko abhivyakta karane ko unako anAkho kSamatA vidvAnoM ko Azcaryacakita karatI hai| yaha TIkA jJAnasamUdra bhagabAna AtmA ke zAMta rasa kA rasAsvAdana karAne vAlI tathA prAlIka-lokaparyaMta uchalate hue zAMta rasa ke samudra meM magna ho jAne kI preraNA pradAna karane vAlI hai|' jisa prakAra mula zAstra-kartA ne apane samasta nija vaibhava se grantha kI racanA kI hai usI prakAra isake samartha TIkAkAra ne bhI ati nistuSanirbAdha yaktiyoM ke avalambana se, AtmasvarUpa meM nimagna parApara muruoM kI kRpA se, syAtpadamudrita zabdabrahma-zrutAgama kI upAsanA se tathA pracurasvasaMvedana se utpanna se nijavaibhava se grantha kI TIkA racI hai| unhoMne AtmakhyAti TIkA dvArA bhagavAn kundakundAcArya ke hRdgata marma ko gaNadhara ke samAna saphalatApUrvaka udghATita kiyA hai| yaha kRti jaina 1. majjantu nirbharamamI namamanya lokA, mAlokamucchalAta zAna se samastAH / yAplAvya vibhramatiraska rigIM bhareNa, pronmagna epa 'bhagavAnababodhasindhuH / / mamayasAra kalaza, 32 2. rAmayabhAra gAthA 5 kI TIkA - samasta vipakSakSAtkSamAtinisnupayunAyavalaMbana janmA, nirmalavijJAnadhanAMtanimagnaparAparaguruprasAdIkRtasuddhAtmatatvAnuzAsana janmA - svasadana janmA"..........."

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250 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva adhyAtma kA mukuTamaNi grantha hai| jisa prakAra TIkAkAra mallinAtha ke binA kAlidAsa ko samajhanA kaThina hai, usI prakAra TIkAkAra AcArya amRtacandra kI AtmakhyAti TIkA binA prAcArya kundakunda ke AdhyAtmika rahasyoM ko samajhanA kaThina hai / "samayapAhur3a" kI prakRta TIkA AtmakhyAti kA unakI samavartI tathA paravartI adhyAtmadhArA para vyApaka prabhAva par3A / amRtacandra kI ukta TIkA se prabhAvita granthakAroM ne adhyAtmaparaka tathA prAtmakhyAti TIkA kI vizeSatAoM se anuprANita racanAyeM kI haiM jisakA ullekha pahale kiyA jA cukA hai / AcArya amRtacandra kI ukta kRti praur3ha tathA prAMjala gadya zailI kA utkRSTa namUnA hai / ukta kRti se eka ora jainatattvajJAna kI samRddhi huI hai vahIM dUsarI ora saMskRta vAGamaya kI sAhityazrI vizeSa rUpeNa alaMkRta evaM camatkRta huI hai / TIkAkAra ne ise nATakIya zailI meM prastata kiyA hai / isa TIkA meM bIca-bIca meM padyarUpa kAvyoM kA bhI samAveza haA hai jo kalaza nAma se vizrata haiM / ve kalaza amRtacandra kI uccakoTi kI kAvya-pratibhA ke pratIka haiN| kAlAMtara meM ukta kalazoM ko saMkalita kara eka svatantra grantha kI taraha 'samayasAra kalaza" nAma se prakAzana kiyA jAne lagA / ukta TokA evaM kalaza adhyAtma rasa se pariparNa tathA nATakIya raMga meM anaraMjita haiN| amRtacandra kI ukta TIkA aisA nATaka prastuta karatI hai ki jisako dekhakara yA sunakara zrotAoM ke hRdaya ke phATaka (jAnanetra) khula jAte haiN|' isa TIkA ke vibhinna bhASAoM meM vibhinna sthAnoM se aneka saMskaraNa tathA prakAzana huye haiM / isakI pratiyAM bhI samagra bhArata varSa ke jinamaMdiroM tathA zAstra bhaNDAroM meM vidyamAna haiN| nAmakaraNa - "samayapAhur3a" kI ukta TokA kA nAmollekha, svayaM TIkAkAra ne "AtmakhyAti" nAma se aneka bAra kiyA hai| AtmakhyAti nAmakaraNa tathA usakI sArthakatA ke kucha AdhAra isa prakAra haiM 1. ukta TIkA ka rasika paM. banArasIdAsajI ne apane "samayasAra nATaka" nAmaka andha meM likhA haiyAhI ke jau pakSI ur3ata zAna gagana mAMhi, yAhI ke vipazcI jarA jAla meM phAlata haiN| hATaka so vimala nirATaka so vistAra, nATaka sunata hiya phATaka khUlata haiM / / utthAnikA, padya naM. 15

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kRtiyo ] / 251 1. ukta TIkA ke pratyeka adhikAra ke aMta meM prAtmarUpAti" nAma hI prayukta hai - iti zrI samayasAra vyAkhyAtmakhyAtI pUrvaraMga: samAptaH" ityAdi / 2. maMgalAcaraNa meM TIkAkAra ne aise AtmA ko namaskAra kiyA hai jo svAna bhava meM prakAzita yA khyAta hotA hai| sAtha hI TIkA kA prayojana bhI AtmA kI anubhUti (khyAti)karanA hone se 'AtmakhyAti" nAmakaraNa sArthaka pratIta hotA hai| 3. TokAkAra ne Age 'AtmAnabhUti" kA akSaNa ''AtmakhyAti" karate huye likhA hai ki zuddhanaya se sthApita prAtmA kA lakSaNa AtmasyAti hI hai, usase prAtmA kI prApti hotI hai| vaha AtmA kI prApti yA anubhUti hI AtmarUpAti hai tathA AtmagyAni hI samparza na hai / isa taraha spaSTa hai ki samagra TIkA kA uddezya evaM pratipAdya zuddhAtmA kI anubhUti ( khyAti) karanA tathA usa anubhUti kA upAya dikhAkara, usakI prApti kI preraNA karanA hai ataH prAtmA kI anubhUti, sambagdarzana yA AtmakhyAti ekArthavAcI hone se TokA kA "AtmakhyAti" nAmakaraNa bhI sahetuka tathA sArtha hai| 4. amRtacandra ke samayI tathA paravartI jina jina lekhakoM ne ukta TIkA kA jahAM kahIM bhI ullekha kiyA, vahAM use "AtmakhyAti" nAma se hI vyavahRta kiyA hai| TokA-kartRtva - baise to ukta prAtmakhyAti rIkA ke kartRtva para Aja taka kisI bhI vidvAna yA lekhaka ko kabhI bhI vipratipatti nahIM huI hai, tathApi yahAM para ukta TIkA ke TIkAkAra kA nAmollekha unakI TIkA meM kaI bAra humA hai, usako jAnakArI prastuta karanA samayocita hai| TIkA-kartRtva ke saMbaMdha meM kucha ullekha isa prakAra hai - 1. "svAnubhUtyA cakAmate' (samayagAra kalaza prathama) 2. mama garamavizuddhiH zuddhacinmAtra mUrte, bhavatu mamayasAra vyAkhyayaivAnubhUneH / (vahI, padya saM. 3) 3. zuddhanayatvena vyavasthApinasthAtmanonubhUtarAtmanyAti lakSaNAyAH padyamAnatvAt / saganagAra gAthA 13 kI TIkA 4. yA tvanubhUtiH sAtmakhyAti reva pAramasyA tistu samyagdarzanagaMva |(vhii, TIkA 13)

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252 / [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva 1. pratyecA adhikAra ke anta meM AcArya amRtacandrasUri kA nAma upalabdha hotA hai| yathA - "iti zrImadamRtacandrasUri viracitAyAM samayasAravyAkhyAtmalyAto..." ityAdi / 2. vahIM vahIM TIkA meM AcArya amRta candra kA nAmollekha pAyA jAtA hai jirAse unakA kAMpanA spaSTa hotA hai|' 3. sarvAdhika Thosa tathA pRSTa pramANa to TIkAkAra dvArA prayukta mAnA nAma hai jo TIkA ke aMta meM TIkA ke kartutva ke vikalpa kA niSedha karate samaya prayoga kiyA gayA hai| unhoMne likhA hai ki svarUpa meM gupta pramutacandra kA TIkA ke nirmANa meM kucha bhI kartRtva nahIM hai| 4. uttaH TIkA racanA ke kAla se lekara Aja taka samasta vidvAnoM va lagjakoM ne uktA TokA kI sRSTi AcArya amRtacandrakRta hI mAnI hai| prAmANikatA - jaina adhyAtma paramparA meM yadi sarvazreSTha prAmANika kisI AcArya ko mAnA jAtA hai to ve haiM AcArya kundakunda, jisake saMbaMdha meM kavivara vRndAvana kI yaha sukti prasiddha hai "hue, na haiM, na hohiMge, munIndra kundakunda se / ": prAmANivattA kI dRSTi se kundakunda kA prathama sthAna hai / yadyapi kundakunda kI adhyAtmadhArA ke prasiddha tathA prAmANika prAcAryoM meM pujyapAda (chaTacI IstrI sadI) tathA johedu (yogIndu,yatrI IsvI sadI) kA nAma vizeSataH ullekhanIya hai lathApi kundakunda ke bAda dvitIya sthAna prAmANikatAkA duda se yadi kisI ko milA hai to ve haiM AcArya amRta candra / va mUla grantha-protA kI apekSA dvitIya sthAna para Ate hai parantu TIkAkAroM kI isa 'ramparA meM to ve advitIya hI hai / unako prAramakhyAti TIkA "samayapAhaDa' mUla grantha se kama mahatva kI nahIM hai| jisa prakAra tIrthaMkaroM kI vANI ke artha prakAzanakartA gaNadhara hote haiM, usI prakAra kundakundAcArya kI vANI ke marma prakAzanakartA prAcArya amRtacandra haiN| unheM kundakunda kA rahasyodghATaka gaNadhara kaheM to atyukti na hogii| 1. uditagamRtacandrajyoti ra tatsama gAjjvalatu vimalapUrNa niHmapatnasvabhAva / samayamAra kalaza 276 2. svarUpa guptasya na kiMcidasti-kAvyame vAmRta candrasUre (samayamAra kalaza 278) 3. kundakunda bhAratI, pra., pRSTa 2

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kRtiyA~ ] / 253 AtmakhyAti kI prAmANikatA isa kAraNa se aura bhI adhika hai ki usameM 'samayapAhaDa" ke mUlabhAvoM kA ho bhavizada, muspaSTa va vaidRSyapUrNa vivecana hai| yaha bAta dhyAna dene yogya hai ki kisI mahAn prAcArya kI mahAnkRti para TIkA likhane mAtra se TIkAkAra kI prAmANikatA siddha nahIM hotI, jaba taka TIkA meM mUla granthakartA ke maulika bhAvoM ko yathArtha rUpa meM abhivyakta na kiyA gayA ho| prAcArya amRtacandra kI prAmANikatA kA uparokta kAraNa hai| kundakunda ke grantha aSTapAhuDa para solahavIM sadI ke bhaTTAraka zrutasAgara ne TIkA likhI hai| kintu usameM unhoMne mUlatathyoM se viparIta zAsanadevatA aAdi kI pUjA kA vidhAna bhI likhakara' TIkA ko prAmANikatA kI koTi se girA diyA hai / AtmakhyAti TIkA mUlAnugAmI to hai hI, sAtha hI prameya kI spaSTa prakAzaka hone se purNataH prAmANika TIkA hai| unakI mUlAnugAmitA kA eka udAharaNa prastuta kiyA jAtA hai / kundakunda ne samayasAra meM prAtmA ko paradravya kA akartA nirUpita kiyA hai / 2 usI kA anusaraNa karate hue amRtacandra ne apanI kRtiyoM meM apane kartRtva ke vikalpa kA niSedha kiyA hai| zatAdhika lekhakoM ne apanI kRtiyoM meM pramANa ke rUpa meM AcArya amRtacandra kI AtmakhyAti TokA kA ullekha kiyA hai| abhUnacandra se prabhAvita vyaktiyoM ke prakaraNa meM ukta bAta kI carcA sapramANa ko jA cukI hai| viSayavastu mUlagranthakAra ne 'samayapAhuI" grantha ko spaSTataH 6 adhikAroM meM vibhAjita kiyA thA, parantu AcArya amRtacandra ne ukta prastha kI AtmakhyAti TIkA 12 adhikAroM meM prastuta kI hai / kundakunda ke adhikAra kramaza: isa prakAra haiM - (1) jIvAjIvAdhikAra, (2) kati karmAdhikAra, (3) puNya-pArAdhikAra, (4) saMbarAdhikAra, (5) AsravAdhikAra, (6) nirjarAdhikAra, (7) baMdhAdhikAra, (8) mokSAdhikAra, (9) sarvavizuddhajJAnAdhikAra / amRtacandra ne samayasAra ko nATaka kA rUpa diyA hai ataH uparyata nau adhikAroM ko unhoMne 'no' aMka nikhA hai| prathama jIvAjIvAdhikAra meM kula 65 gAthAyeM haiM parantu unameM prArambhika 35 1. aSTapAhuDa (darzanapAhuDa), gAthA 2 nI TIkA 2. samayamAra, gAthA 66, katA-karma adhikAra / 3. samayasAra kalama 278

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254 ] | AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva gAthAoM ko ukta "jIvAjIva prarUpatrA" prathama aMka likhA / isI taraha kA sAmaJjasya dikhAne hetu aMta meM syAdvAda tathA upAya - upeya adhikAra jor3akara kula 12 adhikAra kara diye haiM / ukta 12 adhikAra meM nirUpita viSayavastu isa prakAra hai - 1. pUrvaraMgAdhikAra prArambha meM samasta siddhoM ko namaskAra karake samayasAra putroM kA paribhASaNa ko kI kI gaI hai| samagra TIkA meM abhisamaya ( zuddhAtmA) ke svarUpa kA vizleSaNa kiyA hai, jisameM aneka viparIta matoM kA nirAkaraNa bhI ho gayA hai| samaya kA artha samasta padArtha karate hue unheM apane-apane anaMta dharmoM kA sparza karane vAlA likhA hai tathA samaya ke ekatva ko ho sundara kahA hai / usa ekatvavibhakta arthAt sva se ekasva tathA para se vibhakta AtmA ko jagat ke jIvoM ne kabhI bhI prApta nahIM kiyA hai / usakI ati ke kAraNa, kaSAyoM ke sAtha ekatA, apane nijAtmA kA ajJAna tathA AtmajJAnI guruoM kI saMgati sevA Adi na karanA, batAye haiM | pazcAt uma ekatvavibhakta AtmA kA digdarzana yukti, AgamaparamparA tathA svAnubhava rUpa vaibhava se karAyA hai / vyavahAranaya ke kathana dvArA usa AtmA ke darzana, jJAna, cAritra prAdi bheda kiye jAte haiM parantu paramArtha se to bahu abheda ekamAtra jJAyaka hI hai / phira bhI vyavahAra kathana karane kA prayojana batAte huye likhA hai ki jisa prakAra zranArya ko granAryabhASA binA nahIM samajhAyA jA sakatA, usI prakAra jagajjanoM ko vyavahAra kI bhASA vinA paramArtha svarUpa samajhAyA jAnA saMbhava nahIM hai isalie vyavahAra naya kA kathana kiyA hai| yadyapi vyavahAranaya kA kathana vastu svarUpa kA pratipAdaka na hone se vaha anusaraNa karane yogya nahIM hai tathApi ukta vyavahAra kisI-kisI ko kisI kAla meM jAnane meM AtA huA prayojanavAna hai| isa prakAra tIrtha tathA tIrthaphala kI vyavasthA hai / dhAge samyaktva kA svarUpa nirdeza karate huye likhA hai bhUtArthaM ( nizcaya ) naya se navatattvoM kA parijJAna samyaktva hai / bhUtArtha naya se jJAna karane para navavattvoM meM ekamAtra jJAyaka AtmA hI prakAzita hotA hai / una jJAyaka AtmA kI anubhUti ho AtmakhyAti hai / " AtmA kI anubhUti hI ekamAtra bhUtArtha hai, usa anubhUti ke upAya pramANa, naya, nikSepa Adi prabhUtArtha haiN| AtmA ko aspaSTa, grantha, niyata, avizeSa 1. zrAtmakhyAti TIkA, gAthA 1 se 13 laka -

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kRtiyA~ ] [ 255 i tathA prasaMyukta aise pAMca bhAva rUpa anubhava karanA paramArtha se samagra jinazAsana kA anabhava hai| AtmA jisa bhAva se sAdhya tathA sAdhana ho, usa bhAva se usakI sAdhanA karanI caahie| jaba taka prAtmA jJAnAvaraNAdi dravya-karma, bhAva-karma tathA nokarma se apanA ekatva sthApita karatA hai taba taka vaha ajJAnI banA rahatA hai| usa ajJAnI ko samajhAne kA prayAsa karate hue prAtmA ko upayoga lakSaNa vAlA batAyA to pudgala karma Adi se bhinna samajhAyA hai| ajJAnI kI zaMkAoM kA nirAkaraNa bhI kiyA gayA hai ki tIrthakara ke zarIrAdi kI stuti vyavahAra mAtra hai paramArtha se vaha tIrthaMkara kI stuti nahIM hai kyoMki vyavahAranaya jIva aura zarIra ko eka rUpa kathana karatA hai parantu nizcaya to unheM yathArtha bhinna bhinnahI mAnatA hai| Ama nizcaya stuti kA svarUpa, jJeya-jJAyaka tathA bhAvya-bhAvaka saMkaraH doSa kA khaNDana, jitendriya, jitamohI tathA jJAna hI pratyakhyAna hai ityAdi nirUpaNa kiyA hai| anta meM mohanirmamatA, dharmaadharma AkAza kAlA di dravyoM se bhedajJAna spaSTa bArake upasaMhAra rUpa meM jJAna prakAza hone para AtmA, anAdimoha ko nAzakara, sAvadhAna hokara, muTThI meM banda sone ko bhUlane tathA puna: smaraNa karane vAle kI bhAMti apane apane svarUpa kA anubhava karatA hai tri meM eka zuddha nitya arUpI jJAnadarzanamayo prAtmA hU~, paradravya lezamAtra bhI merA nhiiN| yahAM prathama prakaraNa 'raMgabhUmi' samApta hotA hai / 2. jIvAjIvAdhikAra - yahAM jIva-ajIva dravya donoM eka hokara raMgabhUmi meM praveza karate haiN| jIva na ajIva kA saMyoga anAdikAla se hai| yadyapi prAtmA asAdhAraNa upayoga lakSaNa vAlA hai tathApi lakSaNa jJAna se rahita ajJAnI jana AtmA ke sambandha meM vibhinna prakAra kI kalpanAeM karate haiM / ajJAniyoM kI alatakalpanAoM kA nirAkaraNa karate hae adhyavasAnAdi vikArI bhAvoM ko jinamata meM jIva saMjJA hai, vaha mAtra vyavahAra rUpa kathana hai isa prakAra spaSTa kiyA hai / vahAM "rAjA kI senA ke gamana ko rAjA kA gamana' kA dRSTAMta dekara spaSTIkaraNa kiyA / jIva kA yathArtha svruu| darzAte hue use rUpa, rasa gaMdha, ba zabda se rahita, iMdriyoM se gocara tathA aliMgagrAhya (kisI cinha se grahaNa meM na Ane vAlA) 1. prAtmakhyAti TIkA, gAthA 14 se 18 tapaH / 2. vahI, gAthA 16 se 38 tk| 6. vahIM, gAthA 26 me 43 tk|

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/ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva nirUpita kiyA gayA hai| yahA~ nizcaya tathA vyavahAra kathanoM ke rahasya kA udghATana karate hue. jIva tathA ajIva kA spaSTa bhedajJAna karAyA gayA hai| jIva ke kendriyAdi va ryAptana aparyAptaka Adi bheda nAmakarma ko prakRtiyAM haiM aura pudgala kI racanA hai ityAdi vivecana kiyA gayA tathA isa adhikAra kA upasaMhAra karate hae likhA hai, ki mithyAtvAdi guNasthAna paudgalika kamodaya janya hone se acetana haiM, ve AtmasvarUpa nahIM hai / isa prakAra jJAnAbhyAsa se- medavijJAna ke vana ro jIva ajIva kA svarUA jAnA jAtA hai / unheM jAna lene para be donoM apanA ekatva kA svAMga tyAga kara raMgabhUmi se cale jAte haiN|' 3. kartA-kama adhikAra - isa adhikAra meM jIva ajIva donoM apanA veSa badala kara batA-karma ke dheSa meM praveza karate haiN| AtmA jaba saka AtmA tathA AsrabAdi (krodhAdi cikArI bhAvo) meM antara nahIM samajhatA hai taba taka katA-karma kI mAnyatA nahIM miTatI aura taba taka bandha kI prakriyA bhI calatI rahatI hai| AsravoM kA svarUpa apavitra, svabhAva ke viparIta. aura duHsva ke kAraNa / / hai parantu AtmA kA svarUpa pabitra, caitanya svabhAva ke anurUpa tathA sUkha aura sukha ke kAraNa rUpa hai aisA jAnane para AtmA AsravoM se nivRtta hotA hai| prAstroM se haTane kI vidhi isa prakAra hai ki AtmA apane svarUpa ko eka, zuddha mamatvarahita tathA jJAnadarzana se paripUrNa anubhava karatA hai, usa samaya adha va, azaraNa, asthAyI AsravabhAva ko duHkharUpa tathA duHkha ke bAraNa jAnakara AtmA unase nivRta hotA hai| Age jJAno AtmA kA lakSaNa karate hue likhA hai ki jo AtmA karma tathA nokarma ke pariNAmoM kA kartA na hokara mAtra jJAtA hotA hai, vaha prAtmA jJAnI hai| AtmA aneka prakAra ke pudagalakArmoM kA jJAtA hai, unakI paryAya rUpa se na to pariNamita hotA hai, na unheM grahaNa karatA hai aura na hI unakA utpanna hI hotA hai| isI taraha pudgaladravya bhI apane pariNAma rUpa hI pariNamatA hai, jIva dravya kI paryAya rUpa na pariNamita hotA hai, na ume grahaNa karanA hai aura na ho usa rUpa utpanna honA hai| jIva tathA pudagala ke pariNAmoM meM paraspara nimittnaimittikpn| pAyA jAtA hai. kartA-karma nA nhiiN| lokarUr3ha anAdi ke 1. aAtmasvAliTIkA, gAthA 44 se 68 taka / 2. vahI, gAthA 68 meM 74 naka | 3. vahIM, gAthA 75 4. vahI, gAthA 76 se 78 tk|

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kRtiyA~ / / 257 dhyavahAra kathana meM jova evaM pudgala meM kartA-karma kA upacAra kiyA jAtA hai| yaha lokarUr3ha pavahAra anAdi ajJAna ke kAraNa prasiddha hai parantu vaha doSa pUrNa hai, kyoMki jagat meM pratyeka kriyA pariNAmI meM bhinna nahIM hotii| ataH yadi AtmA vyApya-vyApaka bhAva se parabhAva kA kartA bane to sva tathA para kA vibhAga asta ho jaayegaa| sva-para vibhAga ke asta hone para mithyAdaTipanA prAhaTa hotA hai / aisA jIva jinamata ke bAhara hai / sAtha hI dvikriyAvAdI mithyAda STi bhI hai| ajJAna se karma baMdhate haiM, jJAna se kartApanA dUra hodhAra kamabandhana nahIM hotaa| Age likhA ki AtmA vyApyavyApakabhAva se to para kA kArtI nahIM, nimina-naimittika bhAva se bho para dravya kA kartA nahIM hai, kyoMki aisA mAnane se kramazaH tanmayane tathA nityavatva kA prasaMga upasthita hotA hai| jJAnI jJAnabhAva kA hI kartA hotA hai, para bhAva kA nhiiN| ajJAnI bhI parabhAva kA kartA nahIM hotA, kyoMki parabhAva ko koI bhI karane meM samartha nahIM hai, isalie spaSTa hai ki AtmA pudgala karma kA akartA hai 'AtmA ko jahAM bhI paradravya kA kartA kahA hai' vahAM upacAra kathana kiyA hai, paramArtha nhiiN| isI taraha use pariNamanakartA, grahaNa kA utpAdakartA, kartA, badhanakartA ityAdi kahA jAtA hai, vaha sabhI upacAra hI hai / 2 prAge pudgaladravya kA kartA pudgala ko hI nirUpita kiyA tathA bheda karake mithyAtva, abirati, kaSAya aura yoga ina cAra ko hI usakA kartA btaayaa| unhIM cAra ke prabheda karake mithyAtvAdi se lekara sayoga-kevali guNasthAna taka teraha ko kA nirUpita kiyA hai, paraMtu ye sabhI pada galamaya hone se unameM AtmA kA kucha bhI nahIM hai| upayoga rUpa grAtmA bhinna hai tathA krodhAdi bhAva usase bhinnasvarUpI hai| AtmA caitanya svabhAvI hai tathA krodhAdi jar3asvabhAvI hai| ataH donoM meM ekatva nahIM hai| yahAM sA~syamatAnuyAyI ziSya kI zaMkA nivAraNa hetu pudgala dravya ke pariNAma svabhAva ko siddha kiyA gayA hai| yahAM yaha spaSTa kiyA hai ki yadi pudgaladravya svayaM kamarUpa nahIM pariNamatA ho to apariNAmI pudgala ko prAtmA kaise pariNamA sakatA hai aura yadi pudgaladravya svayaM ArmarUpa pariNabhana zakti vAlA hai 1. AtmakhyAti TIkA, gAthA 6 se 18 taka / 2. vahIM, gAthA 16 me 108 taka / 3. vahIM, gAthA 1.6 se 112 nakA 4, vahI, gAthA 113 se 117 tk|

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258 / / AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva to svayaM pariNa mate pudgala ko jIba ne pariNamAyA, yaha kahnA mithyA tthhraa| isa taraha siddha hai ki jisameM svayaM pariNamana zakti hai aise dravya ko pariNamana hetu para kI apekSA nahIM rahatI, kyoMki vastu kI zaktiyA~ para kI apekSA nahIM krtiiN| isase yaha spaSTa huaA ki AtmA jisa bhAka ko karatA hai usI kA kartA hotA hai| jJAnI jJAna bhAva kA kartI hotA hai, ajJAnI ajJAna bhAva kA kartA hotA hai / jisa prakAra svarNamaya bhAva se svarNamaya kuNDalAdi bhAva hote haiM tathA lohamaya bhAva meM lohamaya bhAva hote haiN|' isake bAda nabavibhAga dvArA AtmA meM kama baddha haiM yA abaddha haiM ? isa bAta kA spaSTIkaraNa karate hue likhA hai ki karma se yAtmA baddha hai - yaha vyavahAranaya kA pakSa hai tathA karma se AtmA abaddha hai - yaha nizcaya naya kA pakSa hai, kintu samayasAra to ukta donoM pakSoM se pare - pakSAtikrAMta svarUpa hai / vaha paramAtmA,jJAnAtmA, pratyagjyoti. AtmakhyAtirUpa athavA anubhUtimAtra samayasAra hai / anta meM upasaMhAra rUpa meM pakSAtikrAMta samayasAra kI prApti kA Rmika upAya nirUpita karate hue likhA hai ki prathama zrutajJAna ke avalaMbana se jJAnasvabhAvI AtmA kA nizcaya karake, AtmA kI pragaTaprasiddhi ke lie, para-prasiddhi kI kAraNabhUta indriyoM va mana se upayoga ko sameTakara Atmasanmukha karake, naya-vikalpoM ko chor3akara nijarasa se pragaTa Adi madhya 3 anta rahita, ekaH, anAkula, akhaNDapratibhAsamaya, ananta vijJAnadhana, paramAtmA samayasAra ko prApta karatA hai / ' yahAM ukta adhikAra samApta hotA hai aura kartA-karma rUpa pAtra apanA svAMga tyAga kara raMgabhUmi se cale jAte haiN| 4. puNya-pApa adhikAra - isa prakaraNa meM eka hI kama do pAtroM {puNya-pApa) ke beSa dhAraNa kara raMgamaMca para AtA hai| ziSya kI mAnyatA hai ki zubha aura azubha arthAt puNya tathA pApa karma meM kAraNa , svabhAva tathA phala ke svAda kI apekSA antara hone se zubha ko suzIla tathA azubha ko kuzIla mAnanA cAhiye / usake samAdhAna meM kahA gayA hai ki jo karma saMsAra meM praveza (paribhramaNa) karAve use suzIla kase kahA jA sakatA hai / jisa prakAra svarNa kI ber3I tathA lohe ko ber3I donoM baMdhanakAraka hone se baMdhanApekSA samAna haiM, usI prakAra zubhAzubha karma bho AtmA ko baMdhana meM 1. AtmakhyAti TIkA, gAthA 118 se 140 tk| 2. vahI, gAthA 141 se 144 takaH |

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kRtiyA~ / [ 256 DAlate haiM ata: dAnoM samAna haiN| ataH donoM karma niSedhayogya haiM / ' pAgama se isa bAta kI puSTi hotI hai vi rAgI jIva karma bAMdhatA hai tathA virAgI jIva kAma-baMdhana se mukta hotA hai| vAstava meM jJAna hI mokSa kA kAraNa hai / ajJAnapUrvaka kiye gaye vana tapa Adi varma-baMdha ke kAraNa haiM ataH unheM ''bAlavata" nAma diyA gayA hai| jJAna gokSa kA nayA ajJAna baMdha kA kAraNa hai| yahAM pRNya karma ke pakSapAtI ko bhI duSaNa dete hue likhA hai ki puNyakarma ke bAMchaka paramArtha bAhya haiM, mokSa ke kAraNa ko nahIM jAnate tathA saMsAraparibhramaNa ke hI hetu puNyakarma ko vAhate haiM / AtmAkA zraddhAna samyaktva hai, prAtmA kA jJAna samyagjJAna hai tathA prAtmA dvArA rAgAdi kA tyAga hI rAmyAcAritra hai, ye tInoM ekasvarUpa se mokSa kA upAya haiN| samasta kama mokSa ke kAraNoM ke ghAtaka haiM ataH niSedha yogya haiN| ve karma svayaM bhI baMdha para haiM isalika hepa haiM : saraha karma !!. pApa do pAtroM ke rUpa meM thA vaha apanA svAMga tyAgakara eka pAtra rUpa ho kara maMca se calA jAtA hai / isa taraha yaha aMka bhI samApta ho jAtA hai / 5. grAnavAdhikAra - yahA~ Atraya rUpa pAtra gabhUmi meM praveza karatA hai| prAtmA meM rAga dveSa tathA moha rUpa prAsravabhAva apane hI pariNAma ke kAraNa hote haiM ataH ve jai na hokara, cidAbhAsa rUpa haiN| jJAnI ke jJAnamaya bhAvoM se ajJAnamaya prAsraba bhAvoM kA nirodha hotA hai / rAgAdi se yukta ajJAnamaya bhAva baMdha ke kartA haiM tathA rAgAdi rahita jJAnamaya bhAva baMdha ko katI nahIM hai| jJAnI ke dravyAkhava nahIM hotA / jJAnI nirAsrava hotA hai, kyoMki usake buddhi pUrvaka rAgadveSamoharUpI AsravabhAvoM kA prabhAva hai| jisa prakAra bAla-strI anupabhogya hotI hai tathA vahI yauvanAvasthA ko prApta hone para puruSa ko baMdhana karatI hai, isI prakAra sattA sthita karma anapabhogya hai, ve hI udaya ko prApta hokara baMdhana ke kAraNa hote haiM - bhogya hote haiN| jJAnI ke karmodaya to hotA hai parantu rAga-dveSa-moha bhAva ke abhAva meM vaha baMdhana meM nahIM pdd'taa| jJAnI jaba zuddhanaya se cyata hokara, rAgAdibhAva karatA hai taba usake bhI dravyakarma kA baMdha svayameva hotA hai| jisa prakAra bhojana udara meM svayameva pahuMca kara 1. yAtmarUyAti TIkA, mAmA 145 me 147 tk| 2. nahI, gAthA 148 se 154 taka / 3. vahI, mAthA 155 se 163 taka / 4. vahIM, gAthA 164 se 178 taka /

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260 ] | AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva vibhinna rasa rUpa svayameva pariNamatA hai usI prakAra rAga ke sadbhAva meM dravyakarma svayameva baMgha ko prApta hotA hai / isa prakAra AsavasvarUpa ke nirUpaNa ke sAtha ukta adhikAra samApta hotA hai / " Akhava bhI raMgabhUmi se bAhara calA jAtA hai / 6. saMvarAdhikAra - isa adhikAra meM suMdara rUpa pAtra kA praveza hotA hai | AcArya sakala karmoM kA saMbara ka rane kA utkRSTa upAya bhedavijJAna batAkara usakI prazaMsA karate haiM / upayoga, upayoga meM hai| upayoga krodhAdi meM nahIM hai| upayoga krodhAdi rUpa nahIM hai| meda-vijJAna se hI zuddhAtmA kI upalabdhi hotI hai / jisa prakAra agni se tapta svarNa apanA svarNa bhAva kA tyAga nahIM karatA, usI prakAra karmodaya se tapta jJAnI apanA jJAnasvabhAva nahIM chor3atA / zuddhAtmA kI upalabdhi se hI saMvara hotA hai / saMkaTa kAhue likhA hai ki rAga-dva eSa mUlaka zubhAzubha yoga meM prabartamAna AtmA dRDhatara bheda-vijJAna ke bala se AtmA ko, AtmA ke dvArA rokakara zuddha darzana jJAna svarUpa meM sthira hotA hai tathA paradravyoM kI icchA se rahita hokara, sarvasaMga se mukta hokara AtmA ko dhyAtA huA, zIghra hI AtmA prApta karatA hai| saMvara pragaTa hone kA krama isa prakAra hai ki pahale jo bheda-vijJAna ke bala se nijamahimA meM lIna hote haiM, ve zuddhAtma tatva kI upalabdhi karate haiM, zuddhAtmA kI upalabdhi hone para akSaya, karmamokSa hotA hai / isa prakAra saMvara bhI apanA svarUpa dikhAkara raMgabhUmi se calA jAtA hai aura yaha baMdA bhI yahIM samApta hotA hai / 7. nirjarAdhikAra isa adhikAra meM nirjarA rUpa pAtra kA praveza hotA hai| prArambha meM hI yaha spaSTa kiyA hai ki birAgI ke upabhoga nirjarA ke hI kAraNa haiM, kyoMki usake rAgAdi kA abhAva hotA hai / mithyAdRSTi ke rAgAdi bhAva ke sadbhAva ke kAraNa, pUrva karmodaya nirjarA ko prApta hone para bhI navIna bhAva-baMdha ke kAraNa hote haiM, bhAva-nirjarA ke kAraNa nahIM hote / jJAnI ko vahIM karmodaya AgAmI ( navona) baMdha kiye binA nirjarita hote haiM, ataH use hI saccI nirjarA kahI hai| Age jJAna va vairAgya kI sAmarthya dikhAte hue likhA hai ki jaise vaidha maraNa ke kAraNa 1. AtmakhyAti TIkA, gAthA 176 se 180 laka / 2. bahI gAyA 181 se 192 taka /

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kRtiyA~ ] [ 261 rUpa viSa ko bhogatA huA bhI, amogha vidyAzakti sAmarthya se viSa-zakti ko avaruddha karatA haA, maraNa ko prApta nahIM hotA, usI prakAra jJAnI (samyagdRSTi) mithyAdRSTi ko navIna baMdha ke kAraNa hone vAle pudgala. karmodaya ko bhogatA huA bhI, amogha jJAna kI sAmarthya dvArA rAgAdibhAvoM kA abhAva tathA karmodaya kI zakti ko avaruddha karatA hamA, baMdha ko prApta nahIM hotaa|' samyagdRSTi vizeSa rUpa se sva va para ko jAnatA hai| ataH vaha jJAna evaM vairAgya sampanna hotA hai| jisake rAgAdi ajJAnamaya bhAvoM kA lezamAtra bhI sadabhAva hotA hai vaha jJAnamaya bhAvoM ke abhAva ke kAraNa AtmA ko nahIM jAnatA hai. i.lie vA mithyAdi / . hI vaha zratakevalI jaisA samasta AgamoM ko par3hA huA ho| Age paramArtha pada vAle AtmA kA svarUpa batAte haye use jJAnamaya hI batAyA hai| usa jJAnamaya pada ke pravalaMbana se nijapada kI prApti, bhrAMti kA mAsa, AtmA kA lAbha, anAtmA kA parihAra hotA hai tathA rAgadveSamohAdi kI utpatti, navInakarmAsrava, va navIna karmabaMdha nahIM hotA, pUrva baddha kau kI nirjarA tathA mokSa kI prApti hotI hai| jJAnI para-dravya ko grahaNa nahIM karatA kyoMki jo jisakA svabhAva hai baha jasakA "sva" hai aura vaha usa sva" bhAva kA svAmI hai aisI tIkSNadaSTi se jJAnI para-dravya kA parigrahaNa nahIM karatA, ata: meM bhI para-dravya kA grahaNa nahIM karUgA, usakA kucha bhI ho / jisake inachA hai usake parigraha hai, jisake icchA nahIM usake parigraha nahIM hai| jJAnI ke dharma, adharma Adi kA parigraha nahIM hai| jJAnI AhAra va pAna kA jJAtA hai, grAhaka nhiiN| isa taraha jJAnI ke sarva para-dravyoM kA parigraha nahI, unakA jJAtAnA hai| jJAnI tonoM kAla meM karmodaya kA bhoktA nahIM haiN| baha to jJAyakasvabhAvarUpa, nitya TotkIrNa tathA dhaba hai, tathA samasta vedya-vedaka bhAva, vikArI, anitya, calAyamAna tathA adhra va haiM isalie jJAnI una sabhI bhAbA kI kAMkSA nahIM krtaa| vaha saptabhayoM se rahita niHzaMka hotA hai| use isa-loka, para-loka, vedanA, arakSA, agRpti, maraNa tathA akasmAt bhaya nahIM hote / usake zaMkA, kAMkSA, 1. prAtmanyAni TIkA gAthA 193 me 198 taka / 2. brahI, gAthA 196-270 tk| 3. vahI, gAyA 201 se 206 naka / 4. vahIM, gAnA 21 ga 227 tana /

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262 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva vicikitsA (glAni), mUDhadRSTi jIvazakti kI durbalatA (anupamUhana), mArgacyuta, aprIti (avAtsalya ), tathA jJAnaprabhAvanA ke aprakarSa Adi aSTa-doSa-janya baMdha nahIM hotA hai, kyoMki vaha ni:zaMkita, nikAMkSita, nivi cikitsA, amUDhadRSTi, upagRhana, sthitikaraNa, vAtsalya aura prabhAvanA ina aSTaguNoM se sampanna hotA hai / ataH usake nirjarA hI hotI hai, baMdha nahIM / isa prakAra ke nirUpaNa ke sAtha yaha pAtra ("nirjarA'') bhI raMgabhUmi se calA jAtA hai, aura yahAM yaha adhikAra samApta hotA hai|' 8. bandhAdhikAra - yahAM raMgamaMca para baMdharUpa svAMga kA praveza hotA hai / baMdha ke svarUpa para prakAza DAlate hAra lekhaka kahate haiM ki rAgaSamoha hI baMdha ke kAraNa haiM / jisa prakAra zarIra meM tela mardana karake koI vyakti kaI prakAra ke vRkSAdi chinna-bhinna kare, usase rajatrANa ur3akara usa vyakti ke zarIra se tripakeMge, jisakA kAraNa cikanAI hI hogA / isI prakAra rAgAdi pariNAma snigdha rUpa haiM tathA mana, vacana va kAya ke yoga, kriyA rUpa haiM, yogoM ke kaMpana se kamasriva hotA hai parantu rAgAdi kI snigdhatA se ve karma baMdha ko prApta hote haiM / samyagdRSTi jJAnI upayoga aura rAgAdi kA bheda jAnakara rAgAdi kA svAmI nahIM honA, isaliye use bandha nahIM hotA / prAcArya prAge ajJAna ko hI baMdha kA kAraNa nirUpita karate haye likhate haiM ki jo yaha mAnatA hai ki vaha para jIva ko mAra yA bacA sakatA hai - yaha mAnyatA ajJAnamaya hai / ina adhyavasAnoM ko ajJAnarUpa isaliye kahA hai ki kisI bhI prANI kA Aya kSaya huye binA maraNa sambhava nahIM hai. prAya zeSa binA jilAnA saMbhava nahIM tathA Aya kA lenA yA denA yA hInAdhika karanA kisI ke hAtha kI bAta nahIM, ata: mArane kA bhAvamAtra karanA ajJAna hai| isI prakAra para ko dukhI karanA yA sukhI karanA bhI kiso dUsare ke AdhIna nahIM hai ataH sukhI dukhI karane kI mAnyatA bhI ajJAna hI hai / amRtacandra usa ajJAnI ke lie mithyAdaSTi, aAtmaghAtI Adi saMjJAnoM kA prayoga karate haiN| yahAM yaha bhI spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ki pradhyabasAna hI baMdha kA kAraNa hone se hiMsA Adi kA adhyavasAya hiMsA hai / adhyavasAya hI puNya tathA pApa baMdha ke kAraNa haiM / isI prakAra - . 1. AtmakhthAti TIkA, gAthA 228 me 236 vaka / 2. bahI, gAthA 237 se 246 nk| 3. vahI, gAthA 246 me 261 taka /

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kRtiyA~ ] [ 263 asatya, corI, kuzIla, parigraha bho adhyavasAya hI haiM, va pApabaMdha ke kAraNa haiM / bAhya bastueM baMdha ko kAraNa nahIM haiM / adhyavasAna apanI arthakriyA karane meM asamartha hone se mithyA haiM / adhyabasAna rahita munirAja ko mAtra kriyA se baMdha nahIM hotaa| buddhi vyavasAya, adhyavasAna, mati, vijJAna, citta, bhAva tathA pariNAma ye sabhI samAnArthI haiN|' Age nayoM ke svarUpa tathA paraspara sambandha kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| vahAM nizcaya-naya ko AtmAzrita tathA vyavahAra-naya ko parAzrita kahA gayA hai tathA donoM meM nizcaya ko praniSedhaka tathA vyavahAra ko pratiSedhya nirUpita kiyA gayA hai / vrata, zIla, saMyamAdi kA sevana karatA huA bhI abhavyajIva azAnI tathA mithyAdRSTi hai| vyavahAra-naya se AcArAMgAdi ko zAstrajJAna, jovAdi tattva ko darzana, tathA SaTakAya ke jIvoM kI dayA pAlana ko cAritra kahA hai , parantu paramArtha-naya (nizcaya-naya) se jJAna, darzana tathA cAritra Adi sabhI AtmA hI hai / AtmA meM rAgAdi nijasvabhAva ke avalambana se kabhI nahIM hote, apitu unake utpanna hone meM parasaMyoga hI nimitta banatA hai| anta meM AtmA ko rAgAdi kA akAraka siddha karate hue likhA hai ki yadi aisA na ho to apratimAma pya aura apratyAkhyAna kI dvividhatA nahIM bana sakegI / arthAt dUdha atikramaNa tathA apratyAkhyAna kA nimittapanA aura bhAva apratikramaNa tathA apratyAkhyAna kA naimittikapanA sUghaTita hai| isa prakAra baMdha bhI raMgabhUmi se calA jAtA hai| 6. mokSAdhikAra - isa adhikAra ke prAraMbha meM mokSa rUpa svAMga kA praveza hotA hai / AtmA tathA baMgha ko pRthaka kara denA mokSa hai / kucha logoM kI mAnyatA hai ki baMdha ke svarUpa kA jJAnamAtra mukti kA kAraNa hai, isa mAnyatA kA khaNDana karate huye likhA hai ki jisa prakAra ber3I se baMdhe huye jIva ko baMdha ke svarUpa kA jJAnamAtra baMdhana se mukti kA kAraNa nahIM hotA usI prakAra karma se baMdhe hue jIva ko bhI karmabaMdha ke svarUpa kA jJAnamAtra karmabaMdhana se mukta hone kA kAraNa nahIM hai / baMdha kA vicAra karate rahane se bhI baMdha nahIM karatA kyoMki ukta vicAra to zubhadhyAna mAtra hai tathA zubhapariNAma se kadApi mokSa nahIM hotaa| mokSa kA kAraNa eka mAtra baMdha kA nAza karanA hI hai / prajJArUpo chaino se AtmA tathA 1. prAtmakhyAti TIkA, gAthA 262 se 271 taka / 2. vahI, gAthA 272 se 282 taka / 3. vahI, gAthA 283 se 287 naka /

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264 ] / prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva baMdha ko alaga kiyA jAtA hai / isa prakAra prAtmA tathA baMdha ko svalakSaNoM se pRthaka karake, samastarAgAdirUpa baMdha ko chor3anA cAhiye tathA zuddhAtmA ko hI grahaNa karanA cAhiye / vAstava meM prAtmA aura baMdha kA pRthakkaraNa tathA zuddhAtmA kA grahaNa - ina donoM kA kAraNa eka jJAna hI hai|' prathama cetakApane ke SaTkArakoM ke vikalpoM kI sthApanA karake, pazcAt SaTkArakavikalpoM ko bhI tyAga karake eka zuddha caitanyabhAva mAtra kA hI anabhava karanA cAhie / isI prakAra dRSTApane ke SaTkArakoM kI evaM jJAtApane ke paTkArakoM ko bhedruu| sthApanA karake, pazcAt SaTkArakavikAlpoM ko bhI tyAga kara jyoM kA tyoM eka zuddha dRSTA evaM jJAtA mAtra bhAva kA anubhava karanA cAhie / Age aparAdhI ko baMdhana kI zaMkA rahatI hai aura vaha baMdhana meM bhI par3atA hai| paraMtu niraparAtrI ko baMdhana kI citA nahIM hotI aura vaha baMdhana meM bhI nahIM par3atA / aparAdha kA svarUpa darzAte hue likhA hai ki paradraya kA parihAra karake nijadravya zuddhAtmA kI siddhi ko rAdha kahate haiM, tathA rAdharahita AtmA ko aparAdha kahate haiM / aMta meM upamaMhAra karate hue pradhara sonoM kamaNa, apratisaraNa, aparihAra, adhAraNA, anivRtti, anidA, yahIM aura azuddhi ina pAThoM ko viSakumbha kahA, tathA vyavahAra dhana dvArA drazya ruu| pratikramaNAdira AThoM ko amRtakumbha kahA hai / parantu apratikramaNAdi tathA pratikramaNAdi se vilakSaNa apratikrAmaNAdi rUpa tutoya bhUmikA ko na dekhane vAle puruSoM ko dravya-pratikramaNAdi bhI viSakumbha hI nirUpita kie haiM, kyoMki ve apanA mukti kA kArya karane meM asamartha haiM / tRtIya bhUmi kA zuddhAtmA kI siddhirUpa sAkSAt amRtakumbha hai / usakI prApti hone para dvitIya bhUmikA ke pratikramaNAdi meM vyavahAra kathana se amRtakumbhapanA Aropita kiyA jAtA hai / isa taraha mokSa bhI vahAM se calA jAtA hai|' 1. prAtmakhyAti TIkA gAthA 288 se 296 naka / 2. pratiramaNa - kRtadoSoM kA nivAraNa / tisaragA - samyaktvAdi guNoM meM preraNA / parihAra - mithyAtvAdi kA nivAraNa / vAraNA - paMcanamaskArAdi ke pAvana meM cina sthira karatA / nivRtti - vAhyaviSayakaSAya prAdi se vitta ko haTAnA / niMdA - prAtmasAkSAtpUrvaka dopoM ko pragaTa karanA / garhA - gurusAkSIpUrvaka doSI ko pragaTa karanA / zuddhi - doSoM ke dUra karane hetu prAyazcittAdi nenaa|| 3. yAtmakhyAti TIkA, gAthA 297 ge 327 taka /

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kRtiyA~ / [ 265 10. sarvavizuddhajJAnAdhikAra - isa adhikAra meM sarvavizuddhajJAna praveza karatA hai / ukta jJAna kI mahimA AcArya amRtacandra ne pratyeka adhikAra ke prArambha meM gAI hai| vaha jAna jIba-ajIva, kartA-karma, puNya-pApa, prAsrava, saMvara, nirjarA, baMdha aura mokSa rUpa AThoM svAMgoM ko jAnane vAlA hai, ekAkAra tathA sarvavizuddha hai / yahAM AtmA ke akartApane kI sayaktika, sodAharaNa siddhi kI gaI hai / akrA AtmA ko kartA mAnanA prajJAna kA mAhAtmya hai| prAga kahA hai ki jaba taka AtmA karma prakRti ke nimitta se upajanA, vinazanA na chor3e taba taka baha ajJAnI hai, mithyAdaSTi aura asaMyamI hai| jaba prAtmA karma prakRti ke nimita se upajanA vinazanA chor3a detA hai, taba vaha jJAyaka hai, darzaka hai, muni hai tathA bandha se rahita hai| jisa prakAra jagat meM sarpa viSabhAva ko apane Apa nahIM chor3atA aura na hI mizrI yukta dugdhapana se hI viSabhAva kA tyAga karatA hai, usI prakAra abhavya jIva prakRtisvabhAva ko apane Apa nahIM chor3atA aura na hI prakRtisvabhAva ko cha DrAne meM samartha dravyazrutajJAna ke adhAma se bhI prakRtibhAva (mithyAtvAdi) ko chor3atA hai| jJAnI so karmaphala kA avedaka hI hotA hai / vaha aneka prakAra ke karmoM kA kartA tathA bhoktA nahIM hotaa| jaise netra aneka padArthoM ke pariNamana ko dekhate haiM parantu ve unake kartA yA bhoktA nahIM haiM usI taraha jJAna bhI samasta karmoM ko jAnatA huA unakA avedaka tathA akartA hI hai / jisa taraha jagat meM lokika mata meM sabhI prANiyoM ko viSNu karatA hai, aisA mAnA jAtA hai, usI prakAra zramaNoM - muniyoM ke abhiprAya meM AtmA chahakAya ke jIvoM kI dayA karatA hai, aisI mAnyatA meM viSNumata ke samAna kapinA hone se zramaNoM ko bhI mokSa nahIM ho sakatA / 3 pAge yaha likhA hai ki paradravya aura Atmatatva meM koI saMbaMdha nahIM hai ata: unameM kartA-karma sambandha bhI nahIM haiN| vyavahAra kathana meM AnmA kA paradravya se sambandha tathA kartA-karma pane kA sambandha nirUpita kiyA jAtA hai, parantu paramArtha se ukta nirUpaNa vastusvarUpa nahIM hai| ajJAnI vastusvarUpa kA niyama nahIM jAnate, isaliye ve ajJAna se bhAvakarma ke kartA hote haiM / kucha 1. prAtmayAni gIkA, gAthA 30 se 310 taka / 2. vahI gAthA 31 se 320 tk| 3. vahIM, gAthA 321 meM 323 tanA /

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266 / / prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM katRtvaM eriyAdI ajJAnI, bAAko tayA asA mAnate haiN| ve jinavANI kI virAdhanA karate haiM kyoMki ve yaha nahIM jAnate ki jinavANI meM AtmA ko kathaMcit kartA bhI kahA hai / ataH jo sAMkhyamatiyoM ke samAna "karma hI jagAte haiM, gulAte haiM, sukhI dukhI karate haiM" - ityAdi mAnakara AtmA ko sarvathA akartA mAnate haiM, ve arhatamatAnuyAyI nahIM haiM / spaSTa hai ki bhedajJAna hone se pUrva AtmA ko hamezA kartA mAno tathA medavijJAna hone ke bAda jJAnamaMdira meM sthita svayaM pratyakSa Atmadeva kartRtva rahita, acala, evA, parama jJAtA hotA hai, aisA maano|' "jo kartA hai, vahIM nahIM bhogatA" aisI mAnyatA bhI ajJAna hai| "koI karatA hai tathA koI aura bhogatA hai", aisI mAnyatA bhI mithyAtva tathA anAhata hai / ise hI zuddhanaya kA lobha tathA RjusUtra naya kA ekAMta rUpa mithyArava kahA hai| vyavahAra dRSTi meM kartA-karma vibhinna mAne jAte haiM parantu nizcaya se kartA-karma sadA hI eka vastu meM hote haiM / jo jisakA hotA hai, vaha vahI hotA hai jaise AtmA kA jJAna hone se jJAna vaha AtmA hI hai / zuddha-naya kI dRSTi se tattva kA svarUpa vicAra karane para anya dravya meM anya dravya kA praveza dikhAI nahIM detA / jaise se TikA (kalaI} seTikA kI hai, seTikAmaya hai vaha dIvAla kI nahIM hai, dIvAlamaya nahIM hai| usI prakAra jJAyaka jJAyaka hai, jAyaka anya kA nahIM hai| darzana, jJAna, cAritra acetana padArthoM meM kiMcit bhAtra bhI nahIM haiM, isalie pudgala kA ghAta hone se darzana, jJAna, cAritra kA ghAta nahIM hotaa| yathArtha meM rAgadvapAdi cetana ke pariNAma haiN| rAgadveSAdi kI utpatti ke kAraNa anyadravya kadApi nahIM haiM kyoMki sarva dravyoM kI utpatti apane-apane svabhAva se hotI hai / jo jIva rAgotpatti meM pAradravyoM ko hI doSa dete hai, ve zuddha jJAna ke bodha se rahita andhabuddhi haiM, ve moharUpI nadI ko pAra nahIM kara sakate / pudgala dravya aneka prakAra se nindA-stuti bacana rUpa pariNamita hotA hai / ajJAnI mAnatA hai ki merI nindA yA stuti kI gaI hai ataH vaha unako sunakara roSa (krodha) tathA toSa (saMtoSa) karatA hai| bhaviSyat kAla kA jo zubhAzubha karma jisa bhAva 1. AtmamanyAti TIkA, gAthA 324 se 344 tk| 2. vahI, gAthA 345 / 348 tathA / 3. vahI, gAthA 346 ro 371 tk|

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kuliyA~ / [ 267 meM baMdhatA hai usa bhAva se niDara hone vAlA mA . sAna hai| vartamAna kAla meM udayAgata zubhAzubha karmarUpa doSa ko jo AtmA jAnatA hai vaha AlocanA hai tathA pUrvakRta (bhUtakAla meM kie hue) zubha-azabhakarmoM se jo prAtmA apane ko alaga rakhatA hai, vaha AtmA pratikramaNa hai / ' apane upayoga ko ajJAnarUpa (karmarUpa va karmaphalarUpa) karanA, usI kA anubhava karanA, vaha prajJAna cetanA hai| usase karma kA baMdha hotA hai tathA zuddhajJAna avaruddha hotA hai / ajJAna cetanA saMsAra kA bIja rUpa hai / mokSArthI ko ajJAna cetanA kA nAza karane ke lie sakalakoM ke sanyAsa kI bhAvanA nacAkara, svabhAvabhUta bhagavatI jJAna cetanA ko hI sadA nacAnA cAhie / Aga pratikramaNa AlocanA tathA pratyAkhyAna kalamoM ke 49 prakAra ke bhaMgoM dvArA sanyAsa bhAvanA ko nacAyA gayA hai| pazcAt ATha koM kI 148 prakRtiyoM ke phalabhoga kI bhAvanA kA khaNDana kiyA gayA hai| eka mAtra caitanya AtmA ke anubhava kI hI bAta kI gaI hai| yahAM nATakIya zailI meM prazAMta rasa kA utkarSa bhI dikhAyA hai / 2 mAge zAstra, zabda, rUpa, varNa, gaMdha, rasa, sparza, karma, dharma, adharma, kAla, AkAza, adhyavasAna Adi se jJAna ko bhinna darzAyA gayA hai / jJAna ke deha nahIM hai aura karma tathA nokarma kA prAhAra bhI nahIM hai| jJAna paradravya ko kiMcit mAtra bhI na to grahaNa karatA hai aura na hI chor3atA hai| jaba jJAna ke deha hai hI nahIM, taba dehAdhina muni-liMga yA gRhasthI-liMga meM mokSamArga kI kalpanA karanA bhI ajJAna hai| vAstava meM liMga mukti kA mArga nahIM hai / ahaMta jinendra bhI deha meM nirmama hote haiM tathA nirantara liMga ko chor3akara darzana-jJAna tathA cAriza kA hI sevana karate rahate haiN| aise hI mokSamArga meM laga jAne kI preraNA AcArya ne dI hai / use jinavANI kI AjJA kahA hai| anta meM mokSamArga meM AtmA ko sthApita karane, usI kA dhyAna karane tathA usI kA anubhava karane kA upadeza dete hue likhA hai ki jo muni-liMga yA gahasthI-liMga prAdi dravyaliMgoM meM mamatA karate haiM ve samayasAra ko nahIM jAnate / yadyapi vyavahAra-naya, ukta do prakAra ke ligoM kA, mokSamArgI ke niSedha karatA hai, parantu nizcaya-naya sarvaligoM kA niSedha karatA hai / vaha liMga ko mokSamArga nahIM mAnatA / upasaMhAra ke 1. sAtmakhyAti TIkA, gAthA 302 se 386 taba / 2. bahI, gAthA 385 se 386 tk| 3. vahIM, gAthA 360 ge 411 tk| 4. vahIM, gAthA 412 sa 414 tk|

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268 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva rUpa meM mUlagranyakAra ne samayaprAmRta par3hane tathA artha avadhAraNa karane vAle ko uttama sukha (mokSa sukha) honA likhA hai, tathA TIkAkAra ne nikhA hai ki samasta vikalpoM tathA jalpoM se basa hoo, unheM banda karo tathA ekamAtra paramArtha svarUpa AtmA ho kA anubhava karo, kyoMki samaya sAra se adhika zreSTha jagat meM anya kucha bhI nahIM hai| isa taraha ukta aGka samApta hotA hai, parantu sarva vizuddhajJAna rUpa pAtra kA niSkramaNa nahIM hotA, kyoMki anya jIva-ajIbAdi tattva to svAMga the ataH unakA niSkramaNa dikhAyA gayA, parantu sarvavizuddhajJAna, vaha to prAtmA kA yathArtha svarUpa hai, avinAzI, TaMkotkIrNa, acalasvabhAva hai ata: usakA prAgamana (praveza yA udayo dikhAgA, kiyA jatana nahIM batAyA / vaha to sadAkAla prakAzamAna rahane vAlA tattva hai|' 11. sthAdvAda adhikAra - isa adhikAra ko TIkAkAra ne grantha kI gambhIra, praur3ha tathA mArmika TIkA samApta karane ke bAda ravA hai jisakA uddezya vastutattva ko vyavasthA tathA upAya-upeya bhAva para punarvicAra karanA hai| syAdvAda ko TIkAkAra ne samasta vastuoM ke svarUpa ko siddha karane vAlA, ahaMta, sarvajJa kA askhalita zAsana nirUpita kiyA hai / ane kAMta kI paribhASA karate hue likhA hai ki eka vastu meM vastutva kI siddhi karane vAlI paraspara do zaktiyoM ke prakAzana ko anekAMta kahate haiN| usake tat-asat, ekatva-anekatva, satva-asattva, nityatva-anityatva Adi virodhI yagaloM kA bhI spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai| svacatuSTaya-paracatuSTaya kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai / anekAMta ko jinadeva kA alaMdhya zAmana likhate hue, anekAMta dvArA aAtmA ko jJAnamAtra hI prasiddha kiyA hai 1 jJAna AtmA kA lakSaNa hai| lakSaNa kI prasiddhi se lakSya kI bhI prasiddhi hotI hai / anta meM isa adhikAra ke antargata atyaMta anokhA, evaM durlabha 47 zaktiyoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai / upasaMhAra meM likhA hai ki ekAMtavAdiyoM ke mana meM bastusvarUpa kI vyavasthA sambhava nahIM hai, anekAMta mana dvArA hI usakI siddhi sambhava hai / 12. upAya-upeyAdhikAra - yahA~ spaSTa kiyA hai ki AtmA ko jJAnamAtra kahane para bhI usameM upAya-upeya bhAva ghaTita hote haiM / jo sAdhaka rUpa hai vaha upAya hai aura jo siddharUpa hai vaha upeya hai 1 jo bhavya 1. samayanAra, mAthA 415 TolA 2. samayamA kalama 265 tayA /

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kAtiyA~ / | 266 svayameva kAlalabdhipAvAra athavA guru ke upadeza se apane jJAnatattva ko pA lete haiM ve saMsAra paribhramaNa se chUTa jAte haiM tathA jJAnatattva ko na pAne bAle saMsAra paribhramaNa karate rahate haiM / jJAna-naya tathA kriyA-naya meM paraspara mitratA bhI dikhAI gaI hai / anta meM TIkAkAra kAhate haiM ki AtmA aneka zaktiyoM kA samUha hai, parantu nayoM kI dRSTi se baha khaNDita kiyA jAtA hai aura naya vikalpoM kA nirAkaraNa karake eka, akhaNDa, ekAMta, zati tathA acala caitanyamAtra teja svarUpa hai / upasaMhArAtmaka rUpa meM TIkAkAra ne likhA hai ki vastusvarUpa ko darzAne kI zakti zabdoM meM hai usase samayamAra kI vyAkhyA kI gaI hai, usameM svarUpagupta amRtacandra kA kucha bhI kartavya nahIM hai / isa prakAra sampUrNa kRti samApta hotI hai / samagra kRti zrAdyanta anubhava laharI se maNDita hai evaM prAcArya amRtacandra ke amRtamayI vyaktitva kA advitIya niSyada aura abhara smAraka hai| pAThAnusaMdhAna - AcArya amRtacandra kI TIkAkRtiyoM meM AdhyAtmika dRSTi se samayasAra kI "AtmakhyAti" TIkA kA sthAna sarvopari hai / adhyAtmaparaka tathA adhyAtmAmRta rasa se AglAvita "prAtmayAti" ke samAna anya koI TIkA nahIM hai / isakI hastalikhita tathA mudrita pratiyA~ bhArata ke va.one sone meM vidyamAna jimamaMdiroM, zAstra bhaNDAroM tathA granthAlayoM meM upalabdha haiM / sArvajanika zodha saMsthAnoM tathA vyattigata grantha saMgrahAlayoM meM bhI isakI aneka pratiyAM prApta hotI haiM / vartamAna meM parama AdhyAtmika santa kAnajI svAmI, sonagar3ha (saurASTra ke vyApaka prAdhyAtmika prabhAva ke kAraNa 'AtmakhyAti" TIkA samama bhArata ke digambara jaina adhyAtmarasikoM ke ghara-ghara pahuMca cukI hai| mahArASTra pradeza ke kolhApura jile ke 'bAhubali kumbhoja" nAmaka digambara jaina tIrtha kSetra ke sarasvatI granpra bhaNDAra meM isakI kannar3alipi meM tAr3apatrIya prati bhI upalabdha hai| isakI sarvAdhika prAcIna hastalikhita pANDulipi IsvI 1383 meM taiyAra kI gaI thI jo uttara pradeza ke alavara jile ke basavA (tahasIla) nAmaka sthAna meM likhI gaI thii| isake aneka sthAnoM se vibhinna sampAdakoM, TokAkAroM tathA anubAdakoM ke vibhinna saMskaraNa mila cuke haiN| ve saMskaraNa hU~DhArI hindI, gujarAtI, marAThI, vannar3a, aMgrejI ityAdi Jainisin ij] Rajasilian, Page 196.

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250 ] / prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva bhASAoM meM haiM / isakI hastalikhita tathA mudrita pratiyoM ke avalokana se jJAta hotA hai ki hastalikhita pratikoM meM mudrita patiyoM kI pekSA lipikAra kRta aneka truTiyAM haiM / yadyapi mudrita pratiyoM meM kAphI mAtrA meM azuddhiyoM kA zodhana hupA hai tathApi unameM bhI kisI saMskaraNa meM mudraNa viSayaka azaddhiyAM adhika haiM tathA kisI meM va.ma / yahA~ mudrita pratiyoM ke vibhinna pAMca saMskaraNoM kA tulanAtmaka udAharaNa prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai| ye pAMcoM saMskaraNa kramaza: IsvI 1614 meM kAzI, IsvI 1660 meM phalaTaNa, IsvI 1664 meM sonagar3ha, IsvI 1670 meM kAraMjA tathA IsvI 1977 meM mujaphpharanagara se prakAzita haiN| inakA tulanAtmaka pAThabheda agale pRSTha para dI gaI tAlikA meM diyA gayA hai, jisase spaSTa hai ki kAzIprati meM bAI azuddhiyAM haiM / usameM eka bar3A zuddhipatraka bhI lagAyA gayA hai / phalaTaNa kI prati meM bhI prAya: ve hI azuddhiyAM haiM jo kAzI kI prati meM haiM / sonagar3ha se mudrita prati meM bar3I sAvadhAnI rakhI gaI hai tathA pUrva ke saMskaraNoM meM upalabdha sUkSma vyAkaraNAtmaka azuddhiyoM ko parimArjita kiyA gayA hai / kAraMjA tathA mujaphpharanagara ke saMskaraNoM meM bhI prAyaH sonagada prati ke pATha kAhI ana karaNa kiyA gayA hai / isa taraha zuddha pATha kI dRSTi se sonagar3ha kI prati atyadhika mahattvapUrNa aura yathArtha hai / paramparA AtmakhyAti TIkA dravyAnayoga viSayaka grantha hai / isameM zuddhAtmA kA paricaya, anubhava tathA pUrNopala bdhi kA upAya nirUpita hai / dravyAnayoga sambandhI likhita tha tanirUpaga paramparA ke Adya pravartaka AcArya kundakunda hI the / unake pazcAt pUjya pAda, guNabhadrAcArya, yogIndudeva, devasena Adi AcAryoM ne ukta paramparA kA sampoSaNa kiyA parantu AcArya amRtacandra ne jisa prakAra vyApakatA, spaSTatA, paTutA tathA praur3hatA ke sAtha ukta paramparA kI unnati kI, vaisI unnati anya kisI AcArya dvArA sambhava nahIM ho sakI / unako AtmakhyAti jaina adhyAtma kA sarvotkRSTa rUpa hai 1 ukta TokA dvArA AcArya kundakunda dvAga udghATita adhyAtma kA punaH vizadIkaraNa, spaSTIkaraNa, pracAra evaM prasAra sambhava huA hai| ukta adhyAtmapravAha amRtacandra ke bAda eka hajAra varSa taka adyAvadhi nirbAdha rUpa se pravahamAna hai| unake pazcAdavartI adhikAMza TIkAkAroM, lekhakoM Adi ne 'AtmakhyA ti" TIkA ko sarvAdhika zreSTha tathA prAmANika mAnakara pramANa rUpeNa apane granthoM meM udAhata kiyA hai|

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kAzI prati gAthA 2 -sattayAnasyUtaH vartata gAthA 3-TaMkotkIrNa doSApate. satyAnugrUmaH mohAnuvRttitayA mohAnuvRttitayA kAzI, phalaTaNa, sonagar3ha, kAranjA evaM mujaphpharanagara kI mudrita pratiyoM meM vidyamAna pAThameva kI tulanAtmaka tAlikA gAthA 4- parAvataH ekatrIkRta zrata ekatvasya phalaTara prati visaMpAdatvAcatiH visaMvAdatvApati samayotvAdita samayotpAdita gAthA 5- jAgarUkaiH gAthA - varmiNi niSNAta gAthA - samudAya gAthA 6-10 zrutakevalIti pratipadyate vartata TaMkoTakIrNa doSApattaH parAvarttaH ekatrIkRta ataH ekatvasya jAgarUkaiH varmiNoniSNAta samudIrya zrutakevaloti pratipaJcate sonagar3ha prati mattayAnusyutaH mohAnuvRttitaMtratayA vartate korakIrNA doSApatteH visaMvAdApatiH samayatvovAdita parAvataH ekacchavIkRta zrata ekatvastha jAgarUke: varmiNyaniSNAta samudAya zrutake valIti pratipAdyate kAraMjA prati sattayAnusyUtaH mohAnuvRtti vartate TekotkIrNa doSApatteH visaMvAdApatiH samayatvotpAdita parAvarteH ekacchavIkRta ana ekatva tya jAgarUkai : dharmiNyaniSyAta samupAdAya zrutakevala pratipAdyate tu mujaphpharanagara prati satyAnusyutaH mohAnuvRtti vartate TaMkorakIrNA doSApatteH visaMvAdApatiH samayatvotyAdita parAvartaH ekacchIkRta ata ekatvasya jAgarUka: varmiNyaniSNAta samupAdAya atakevalIti tu prativAdyate kRtiyA~ ] [ 271

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yahesuniyojAtaMkiyAkArakai dujAnAyatovanatiravile vinAtiyAyAkalAdizAmA || ghanadhimamamaMdhanAkiMcita kiMcicilAchAsanAlisaMsUcitavasutadhaivAkhyAteyasamaya spaMdAnaspasalamAna ke vidasikatravyamavAtasareityAnnAtinAsamayasA ratyArayAsamAnAvA 14 maMcana vidhAgAsavadizyamaMgaladi nizriImayoginIiresamamarAjAvalIsA mAlaMkRta vinihitArivalaparamahArA jAdhirAjasaranAzrIyeronayakasA dirAjyamavartanAneTIkASTasaMghavaramAyu sanyAyakarArAgAgamahAyasiAja munirmaahvsenmaayaakaassttaavriilo| nidhimUviMdamA vijayamamatiyArthinikSatoyattiya nirmanicatavasuMdara madanazAsanA nAzanaroDaritanAmasavikSititAkArApahanadAyanayamelanAmAnanyemuniInasamAnA! dhAmAyahezvasanAsamanadIyerisadAcAra vicArasArAvAmAnanaMmogAtulyakArina zrI digambara jaina bar3A mandira (tera hathiyAna) jayapura meM prAcArya amRtacandra kRta yAtmakhyA tikalazaTokA (mUlagAthA sahita ) zantha maujUda hai / lipi saMvat 1446 / sthAna-yoginopura (dillii)| ukta grantha ke aMtima pRSTha kI pratilipi /

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kRtiyA~ 1 praNAlI - AtmakhyAti TIkA meM prAcArya pramRtacandra ne anokhI prasti nAsti nirUpaNa parata anekAntAtmaka zailI kA prayoga kiyA hai| vibhinna nayoM ke nirUpaNa viSayaka virodha kA vinAza karane ke lie syAt pada mudrita "syAdvAdakathanazailI" ko grAdyanta apanAyA hai / ukta sthAdvAdamayI nirUpaNa zailI hI moha kA mana karAne tathA paramajyoti svarUpa zuddhAtmA ko prApta karane meM samartha hai| ghane meM unnAgama, yukti, guru-paramparA tathA svAnubhava ko avazya garbhita kiyA hai| grantha vaiziSTya - ukta grantha ke kucha vaiziSTya isa prakAra haiM 1. samagra TIkA nATakIya zailI meM racI huI hai / " 2. uccakoTi kI praur3ha sAhityika tathA gambhIra arthavAhI bhASA kA prayoga huA hai| 3. gadyapadya mayI campU zailI kA prayoga bhI adhyAtmanirUpaNa meM prathama bAra huA hai| 4. anya matoM kA dArzanika, tArkika evaM nyAyazailI meM nirAkaraNa huA hai| 5. saiddhAMtika tathA dArzanika vivecanA bhI pracura mAtrA meM huI hai / 6. sarvatra AtmAnubhUti tathA adhyAtma kI anupama chaTA vikIrNa huI hai / zrAtmakhyAti TIkA tathA usase anuprANita TIkAeM va TIkAkAra 1. IsvI san 615-665, TIkAnAma- AtmakhyAti, TIkAkAra nAma - AcArya amRtacandra, bhASA saMskRta jAnakArI srota mudrita grantha - upalabdha -- - - J 2. IsvI san 680-1065, TIkAnAma samayasAravRtti, TIkAkAranAma- zrAcArya prabhAcaMdra, bhASA saMskRta jAnakArI srota - je.sA.vR. iti. 4/153 - , [ 273 - TIkAkAra 3. IsvI san 1043-1073, TIkAnAma bhASA TIkA, nAma AcArya malliSeNa prathama, bhASA - tamila, jAnakArI srota -- - samayasAra (cakravartI) pra. pRSTha 1 4. IstrI san 12-13vIM zatI, TIkAnAma - bhASA TokA, TokAkAranAma bAlacandra deva, bhASA kannar3a, jAnakArI srota- bhA.saM. meM je. yo. pRSTha 85 / 1. samayasAra kalaza, 4

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274 1 [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva 5. IsvI san 1262-1323, TokAnAma - tAtparyavRtti, TIkAkAra mAma - AcArya jayasena, bhASA - saMskRta, jAnakArI srota -- mudrita grantha uplbdh| 6. IsvI san 1262-1323, TIkAnAma - ajJAta, TIkAkAra nAma - kavivara brahmavetra, bhASA - kannar3a, jAnakArI srota - ka. prA. tA. pa. pra. sU. pRSTha 20 / 7. IsvI san ajJAta, TokAnAma - ajJAta, TIkAkAra nAma - vilAsakIrti, bhASA - ajJAta, jAnakArI srota - jai0 sA0 30 iti04/153 8. IsvI san ajJAta, TIkAnAma - ajJAta, TIkAkAranAma - jitamuni, bhASA - ajJAta, jAnakArI srota - jai. sA. vR. iti. 4/153 6. IsvI san ajJAta, TokAnAma - ajJAta, TIkAkAra nAma - ajJAta, bhASA - saMskRta, jAnakArI srota-jai0 sA0 vR0 iti04/153 IsvI san 1587, TIkAnAma - ajJAta, TIkAkAra nAma - zve, muni jesA, bhASA - ajJAta, jAnakArI srota - rA. ja. zA, bhai. sU. 422 IsvI san 1623, TokAnAma - bhASATIkA, TIkAkAra nAma - jinodaya sUri, bhASA - hindI, jAnakArI srota - rA. ja. zA. ma, sU. 5/223 12. IsvI san 1650-55, TokAnAma - bhASA TIkA, TokAkAranAma - paM. hemarAja, bhASA - hindI, jAnakArI srota-pravacanasAra paramAgama pra. pRSTha 1 / IsvI san 1664, TIkAnAma - tattvabodhinI TIkA, TIkAkAranAma - bha. devendra kIrti, bhASA - saMskRta, jAnakArI srota - rA.. zA. bha. su. 3/44 14. IsvI san 1731, TIkAnAma - bhASA TIkA, TIkAkAra nAma - bha. devendrakIrti, bhASA - hindI, jAnakArI srota - rA. ja. zA. bha. sU. 5/225-26 15. IsvI san 1735, TIkAnAma - samayasAra vAlAbavogha, TIkAkAra nAma - paM. rUpacaMda. bhASA - hindI, jAnakArI srota - anekAMta disambara 53, puSTha-231-32 16. IsvI san 1807, TIkAnAma - bhASA vaca nikA, TIkAkAra nAma - paM. jayacaMda, bhASA - hindI, jAnakArI srota - mudrita grantha upalabdha (pratilipi saMlagna)

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kRtiyA~ / aura prAcArija kAyamunAnagalamayasAdikSAsidhyAdayanamanAca vikatAreyAsa zururAdhArale sarvasAdhulaNAreha meMnIca surucAeka namalaharakarAra hai||1||sviiyaaklaasaa jayapuranagara maahiraadholaavaavddeddegunaajhiimetteysaarhe| jima tilicoma meM prayAsamakAmAvuddhisAsuMdharAgatevivAra sArayatAkAdezake vacana rUpanAmAkarApAsabamiredhA hai| prAcAparaleTamAniyalAgichapAtyAhI prAtasaya hebAvasAra visarAvakamatarAMsadazamanoratho sAvakAtIvAdA pUraNapreyasataranitrAmAdakaiTa mAdAmahatasamayamAlatanAmupAsatamAyadhamakAyata rAmavAvaAcArsasanesaskatakA andusAraryahasaMkSepa lAvAyamAna zinAsa dezamAmAmayacanikAsapUramiin AtmakhyAti kI paNDita jayacanda chAbar3A kRta dezabhASAmaya vacanakA ko hastalikhita prati kA antima pRSTha / / 275

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276 / [ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM katai tva 17. IsvI san 1912, TIkAnAma -- bAla bodhabhASATIkA, TIkAkAra nAma - paM. jayacandra, bhASA - hindI, jAnakArI srota - mudrita grantha upalabdha / 18. IsvI san 1981, TI kAnAma - bhASATIkA, TIkAkAra nAma a. zItalaprasAda bhASA - hindI, jAnakArI srota - pravacanasAra (phaDegAM)pra. pRSTha 20 16. IsvI san 1616, TIkA nAma - bhASATIkA, TIkAkAra nAma - paM. manoharalAla, bhASA - hindI, jAnakArI srota - tIrthakara, agasta 76, pRSTha 28 / 20. IsvI san 1940, TIkAnAma - bhASATIkA, TI kA nAma - paM. himmatalAla je.zAha, bhASA - gujarAtI, jAnakArI srota - jaina sA, vR. iti. 4/151 21. IsvI san 1940-45 dIkAnAma - pravacana, TIkAkAra nAma - kSu. gaNeza prasAda varNI, bhASA - hindI, jAnakArI srota - mudrita grantha uplbdh| 22. IsvI san 1945-50, TIkAnAma - bhASATIkA, TIkAkAranAma - pro.e. cakravartI bhASA-aMgrejI, jAnakArI srota-mudrita grantha upalabdha 23. IsvI san 1945-51, TIkAnAma - nijAnaMdIya zlokaTIkA, TIkAkAra nAma - kSu. nijAnaMda, bhASA - hindI, jAnakArI srota - mudritagrantha upalabdha / 24. IsvI san 1960, TIkAnAma - bhASATokA, TIkAkAra nAma - muni dezabhUSaNa, bhASA - marAThI, jAnakArI srota - mudrita grantha upalabdha 25. IsvI san 1660, TIkA nAma - pravacana, TIkAkAranAma - saMta kAnajI svAmI, bhASA - gujarAtI/hindI, jAnakArI srota - mudrita graMtha upalabdha / 26. IsvI san 1968, TIkAnAma - bhASATIkA, TIkAkAranAbha - paM. dhanyakumAra bhaure, bhASA - marAThI, jAnakArI srota - mudrita grantha uplbdh| 27. IsvI san 1656, TIkAnAma - pravacana (1 vaNDa), TIkAkAranAma paM. motIlAla koThArI, bhASA- marAThI, jAnakArI srota - tIrthakara agasta 56 pRSTha 28 / 28. IsvI san 1976, TIkAnAma - samayamAra vaibhava, TIkAkAranAma - paM. nAthUrAmaDoMgarIya, bhASA - hindI paca, jAnakArI srota -- mudrita nantha uplbdh|

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kRtiyA~ 1 ( 277 26. IsvI san 1970-71, TIkA nAma - samayasAra pravacana (1 se 15 bhAga), TIkAkAranAma - 10 sahajAnaMda varNI, bhASA - hindI, jAnakArI srota -- mudrita grantha upalabdha / 30. IsvI san ajJAta, TI kAnAma - samayasAra bhASyapIThikA, TIkAkAra nAma - kSa. sahajAnaMda varNI, bhASA - hindI, jAnakArI srota - mudrita grantha upalabdha / 31. IsvI san ajJAta, TIkA nAma - samayasAra duSaMta marma, TIkAkAra nAma - kSu. sahajAnaMda varNI, bhASA-hindI, jAnakArI srota - mudrita grantha upalabdha / 32. IsvI san ajJAta, TIkAnAma - samayasAra mahimA, TIkAkAranAma - kSu. sahajAnaMda varNI, bhASA - hindI jAnakArI srota - samayasAra sa. da. TIkA pRSTha 4 / 33. IsvI san ajJAta, gAnA - samasAmA garejIzA, bImAkAra nAma -zu, sahajAnaMda varNI, bhASA - aMgrejI, jAnakArI srota - samayasAra sa. da. TA. pRSTha 4 / / 34. IsvI san ajJAta, tI kAnAma - samayasAra saptadazAMgI TIkA, TIkA kAranAma - kSa. sahajAnaMda varNI, bhASA - hindI, jAnakArI srota - samayasAra sa, da. TIkA pRSTha 4 / / 35. IsvI san 20 vIM zo uttarArva, TIkA nAma - bhASA TIkA, TIkAkAranAma - paM. ballappA bharamappA nive, bhASA - marATho, jAnakArI srota - pu. si, ajJAta / 36. IsvI san ajJAta, TIkAnAma - TIkA TIkAkAranAma - yazovijaya bhASA - hindI, jAnakArI srota - ji. pra. ra. ko. 134/135 prAtmakhyAti TIkA tathA tadanusArI TokAnoM kI pANDalipiyAM pra:- tADapatrIya pANDulipiyAM -- TIkAkAra - kavi brahmadevakRta, lipi - kannar3a, jAnakArI srota - bhA. prA. tA. na. sU. pRSTha 20 / / TIkAkAra - bAlacandra, li i- kannar3a (mUlavidro meM), jAnakArI srota - ka. prA. tA. na. sU. pRSTha 204 / TokAcAra -- AcArya amRtacandra, lipi - kannar3a (kArakala meM), jAnakArI srota - ka. prA. sA. pra. sU. pRSTha 284 / 4. TIkAkAra - prAcArya amRtacandra, lipi - kannar3a, jAnakArI srota .. ka. prA, tA. gra, sU. paSTha 28 /

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278 ] ba. kAgaja para likhita pANDulipiyA~ 1. li. 1283, TIkA- AcArya amRtacandra, lipi - basabA (alavara), jAnakArI srota - jai. ina rAjasthAna 166 / 2. li. 1386 TIkA AcArya amRtacandra lipi - yoginIpura (dillI), jAnakArI srota- terahapaMthI maMdira jayapura meM upalabdha ve. naM. 1660 / 3. li. 1406, TIkA - AcArya amRtacandra, lipi - ajamera, jJAnakArI srota - rA. je. zA. bha. sU. / li. 1445, TokA-TA prabhAcandra, lipi - ajJAta, jAnakArI srota- rA. zA. bha. sU. 5/214-25 X. li. 1537, TIkA- amRtacandra, lipi - ajJAta, jAnakArI srota - rA. je. zA. bha. sU. 4/118 / 6. li. 1544, TIkA prAcArya amRtacandra, lipi prajamera, jJAnakArI srota rA. je. zA. bha. sU. 5/221 / li. 1575, TIkA AcArya jayasena, lipi - argalapUra (ma. pradeza ) jAnakArI srota - terahapaMthI maMdira jayapura meM upalabdha ve naM. 1861 li. 2573, TIkA AcArya amRtacandra, lipi jAnakArI srota- rA. jai. bA. bha. sU. 5 / 221 ajJAta, 4. 7. 8 11 -- - | AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva -- - wwwww PS. li. 1587, TIkA - AcArya pramRtacandra, li zvaM muni jesA, lipi - mAlapurA, jAnakArI srota - rA. je. zA. bha. sU. 4 / 224 | 10. li. 1603, TIkA - AcArya jayasena, lipi nayA maMdira, dillI, jAnakArI srota anekAMta jUna 41, pRSTha 346-54 / BAJ -- - 11. li. 1664, TIkA bhaTTAraka devendrakIrti, lipi ajJAta, jAnakArI srota - rA. jaM. zA. bha. su. 3/44 | 12. li. 1665, TIkA AcArya amRtacandra, li-saMgrAmapura, jAnakArI srona - terahapaMthI maMdira jayapura meM upalabdha ve naM. 1850 / 13. li. 1722, TIkA - bha. devendrakIti, lipi ajJAta, jAnakArI jAnakArI srota - rA. jaM. zA. bha. sU. 3/44 / 14. li. 1731, TIkA bha, devendrakIti, lipi srota - rA, jaM. zA. a. su. 3/43 / 15. li. 1747, TIkA - bha. devendrakIrti, lipi srota- sa. je. zA. bha. su. 5:225-26 / jAnakArI - -- - -- prajJAta, ajJAta,

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kRtiyA~ ] ra7e 16. li. 1776, TokA - AcArya abhRtacandra, lighi - ajJAta, jAnakArI srota - rA, jai, zA. bha. sU. 4/121 17. li. 1805, TIkA - AcArya amRtacandra, lipi - nayA mandira, dillI, jAnakArI srota - anekAMta jUna 41 pRSTha 346-355 / 15. li. 1807, TIkA - paM. jayacaMda chAbar3A, li. - paM jayacaMdra chAbar3A, lipi - jayapura mUlapati, jAnakArI lota - terahapaMthI mandira jayapura meM ve..naM. 1856 / 16. li. 1506, TIkA - bha, devendra kI ti, lipi -- ajJAta, jAnakArI srota - rA. jai, zA. bhasU. 3/44 / / 20. li. 1852, TIkA - paM. jayacanda chAbar3A, lipi - nayA mandira, dillI, jAnakArI srota - anekAMta jUna 41 pR. 346-335 / 21. li.1881, TIkA - paM.jayacaMda chAbar3A, lipi - jayapura, jAnakArI srota - terahapaMthI maMdira jayapura meM upalabdha ve. naM, 1888 / 22. li. 1866, TIkAkAra nAma - grA. amRtacandra, lipi - jayapura, jAnakArI srota - terahapaMthI maMdira jayapura meM upalabdha te naM.1888 | 23. li. 1866, TIkAkAranAma - paM. jayacanda chAbar3A, lipi - jayapura, jAnakArI srota - rA. jaM. zA. bhamu. 3/45 / 24. li. ajJAta, TIkAkAra nAma - jinodayasUri lipi - ajAta, jA, srota - rA.je. zA. bha. su. 5:233 / 25. li. ajJAta TIkAkAra nAma - paM. rUpacanda (ra, kAla 1642) lipi - ajJAta, jAnakArI srota - rA. jai. zA, bha, sU. 5/228 | sa. saMgamarmara para utkIrNa lipi : 1. 1670-75, A. amRtacandra, saMskRta, prAtmasyAti TIkA evaM tadanusArI TIkAnoM ke upalabdha prakAzana/saMskaraNa 1. santha - samayasAra bhASATIkA, dIkAkAra - jayacanda chAbar3A, prakAzaka - rA. jai. zA. mA.bambaI, tithi - IsvI 1604, bhASA - hindo / 2. grantha - samayasAra bhASATIkA, TIkAkAra -- jayacanda chAbar3A, prakAzaka - rA. jai. mA., kalakattA, tithi - I, 1605. bhASA - hindI, pratiyAM -

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250 ] [ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva 3. grandha - samayasAra bhASATIkA, TokAkAra - paNDita jayacanda chAbar3A, saMmpAdaka - paM. manoharalAla, prakAzaka - rA. ja. zA. mA. baMbaI, tithi - IsvI 1607, bhASA - hindI / 4. grantha - samayaprAmRtam, TIkAkAra - amRtacandra + jayasena, sampAdaka - paM0 gajAdharalAla, prakAzaka - sa. jai. . mA. banArasa, tithi - IsvI 1614, bhASA - saMskRta / 5. graMtha - samayasAra AtmakhyAti, TIkAkAra - gopAlazAha, prakAzaka - jai. gra. u. kA. baMbaI, niSi - 1918 bhASA - hindI / 6. grantha - samayasAra TIkA, TIkAkAra - bra. zItalaprasAda, prakAzaka - di. 5. pU. sUrata, tithi - IsvI 1618, bhASA - hindii| 7. grantha - samayasAra AtmakhyAliTImA TIkAkAra - manamaH ...., prakAzakaH - rA. ca. ja. pa. mA. bambaI, tithi - IsvI 1619, bhASA - hindI / / 8. grantha - mayasAraprAbhRta TIkA, TIkAkAra - amRtacandra, prakAzaka - di. jai.gra. mA. vanArasa, tithi -- 1625, bhASA - hindI / hai. grantha - samayasAra (do. sola eseMsa), anuvAdaka - je. ela. jainI, prakAzaka -- dI. me. jaina 'pa, hA., lakhanaU, tithi - IsvI 163., bhASA - aNgrejii| 10. grantha - samayasAra grAtmakhyAti TIkA, TIkAkAra - paNDina jayacaMda chAbar3A, saM. - paM. manoharalAla, pra. rohataka, tithi - IsvI 1642, bhASA - hindii| 11. zrI samayaprAbhUta AtmanyAti, TIkAkAra - paM. jayacandra kRta, prakAzaka - ne. ma. pra. pA., kalakattA, tithi -- IsvI 1642, hindii/1000| 12. grantha - samayasAra (abhayaTIkA), TIkAkAra - AcArya amRtacandra jayasena, prakAzaka - sa. je. pra. mA., banArasa, tithi - 1944, bhASA - sNskRt| 13. grantha - samayasAra (dI necara oNpha do selpha), TIkAkAra - AcArya amRtacandra, anuvAdaka - eka cakravartI, prakAzaka - bhA. jJA0 pI0 kAzI banArasa, tithi - IsvI 1650, bhASA - aNgrejii| grantha - samayasAra (nijAnandrIna zloka sahita), TIkAkAra - svAmI nijAnanda kSallaka, prAzaka - ni. jai. gra. mA., sahAranapUra, tithi - 1951 bhASA - hindI 1000 /

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kRtiyA~ 1 [ 281 15. grantha - samayasAra AtmakhyAti, TIkAkAra - AcArya amRtacandra, sampAdaka - himmatalAla je0 zAha, prakAzaka - pA0 di0 je0 gra0 mA0 mAroTha, tithi - IsvI 1653, bhASA - gujraatii/1000| 16. grantha -- samayasAra prAtmakhyAti, TIkAkAra - jayacanda chAbar3A, prakAzaka - zru. bhA. a. pra. sa. phalaTaNa, tithi --- IsvI 1656, mAH - hindI 17. grantha - samayasAra TIkA, TIkAkAra - motIcanda koThArI, phalaTaNa tithi - IsvI 1656, bhASA - marAThI / 18, samayasAra, sampAdaka - rAjakRSNa jaina, prakAzaka - a. ma. dillI, tithi - 1656, bhASA - hindii| 16. grantha - samayasAra prabacana saMgraha, TIkAkAra - dezabhuSaNa muni, saMgrAha!. -- mukadeva joti kulakarNI, prakAzaka -- esa. ema. pATila, kolhApUra, tithi -- IsvI 1960, bhASA - hindI / 20. grantha -- samayasAra AtmakhyAti (jayacandrIya), anuvAdanA -- paNDita parameSThIdAsa, prakAzaka -- di. je. mu. maM. bambaI, tithi -- IsvI 1663, bhASA -- hindI/1500 / 21. grantha - samayasAra AtmarakhyA ti, anuvAdaka -. 'paNDita parameSThIdAsa, prakAzaka -- di. jai. svA. ma. dra. sonagar3ha, tithi -- IsvI 1964, bhASA -- hindI/2200 / 22. grantha -- samayasA ra AtmakhyAti, sampAdaka -- paNDita manoharalAla, prakAzaka -- je. na. mAlA, dillI, tithi -- 1667, bhASA -- hindii| 23. grantha -- samayasAra AtmakhyAti, TIkAkAra -- paM. dhanyakumAra bhore, prakAzaka -- ma. jJA, saM. kAraMjA, tithi -- 1668, bhASA -- mraatthii| 24. nantha -- samayasAra pravacana, TIkAkAra -- paNDita gaNeza prasAda varNI, prakAzaka - vI . mA. banArasa, tithi - IsvI 1666, bhASA -- hindii| 25. samayasAra vaibhava, TokAkAra -- paM0 nAthUrAma garIya, prakAzaka .. ja. pa. pra. kA. indaura, tithi -- IsvI 1670, bhASA - hindo / 26. santha -- samayasAra (do necara aoNpha dI selpha), TIkAkAra - e0 cakravartI, prakAzaka -- bhA jJA0 pI0 banArasa, tithi - IsvI 1671, bhASA - aNgrjii|

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282 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva 27. grantha -- samayasAra vaibhava, TIkAkAra - paNDita nAthUrAma DoMgarIya, prakAzaka -- jai0 gha0 pra0 kA. indaura, tithi -- IsvI 1971, ___ . bhASA - hindii| 28, anya -- samayasAra AtmakhyAti, TIkAkAra - paNDita manohara lAla, prakAzaka -- sA. vi. di.jai. saM. mahAvIrajI, tithi - IsvI 1676, bhASA - hindo/1000 / 26. grantha -- samayasAra, TIkAkAra -- paM. pannAlAla, prakAzaka"....... ... ... tithi -- IsvI 1674, bhASA -- hindii| 30, grantha -- samayamAra TIkA (saptadazAMgI TIkA), TIkAkAra - sahajAnanda jamI, prakAza - bhA. ja.je. sI. ma. mujaphpharanagara, tithi -- IsvI 1677, bhASA -- hindI/1100 tasvapravIpikA vRtti paricaya - TIkAoM ke antargata prAcArya amRtacandra kRta dvitIya Alocya kRti "tattva pradIpikA vRtti'' nAmaka saMskRta gadya TIkA hai| yaha bhagavatkundakundAcArya praNIta "evayaNasAru" (prabacanasAra) nAmaka praur3ha, dArzanika tathA saiddhAMtika racanA kI atigahana, atipraur3ha tathA uccakoTi kI gadyakAvya zailI meM racita advitIya TokA hai| isakA bahupracalita nAma tattvapradIpikA bhI hai / donoM zabdoM meM mAtra itanA aMtara hai ki dIpikA kA artha hai prakAzaka aura pradIpikA kA artha hai utkRSTa rUpa noTa:-jaina liTarecara sosAiTI, naMdana dvArA yAtmakhyAti kA yaMgrejI anuvAda prakAzita hogA / (dekho, jaina hitaiSI, saMpAdaka nAthUrAma, aMka 10, vI0 ni0 saM0 2436, pRSTha 478) 1. pravacanasAra, pragata candrAcArya kRta TIkA - prakAzana 1664 I0, sonagar3ha tathA pravacanasAra kA aMgrejI anubAda, anuvAdayaH - pro. e.ena. upAdhye, prakAzana - 1964 I., praanaam| 2. (ma) pravacanasAra - amata candra-jayasenITIkA prayopetaH - saMpAdaka paNDita ajitaprasAya. na. ratanacaMda (vI0 ni saM0 2465) pRSTha 651 / (ba) sIkara mahAbIra aura unakI prAcArya paramparA-bhAga 2, pRSTha 416 / (sa) pravacanasAra aMgrejI anuvAda tattvapradIpikA gati, anuvAdaka -- pro. vAraMTa phahegA -- prakAzana kembrija vizvavidyAlaya laMdana, 1935 IsvI, mukha pRSTha /

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kRtiyA~ ] [ 283 se prakAzaka / pravacanasAra kI TIkA kI praur3hatA, prAMbalatA tathA nirUpaNa zailI dekha kara "dIpikA" ke sthAna para pradIpikA zabda kA prayoga adhika sArthaka, svAbhAvika tathA samucita pratIta hotA hai / TIkAkAra ne maMgalAcaraNa meM "prakaTitatattvA pravacanasArasya vRtti' likhA hai tathA TIkA ke anta meM "itigaditamanIcastattvaM' arthAt isa prakAra amaMdatathA-prakarSarUpa se tattva nirUpita kiyA hai - ityAdi ullekhoM se bhI tatvapradIpikAvRttiH zabda kI sArthakatA spaSTa hotI hai| dUsare -- mUlagrantha ke nAma meM "pra" upa. kharga prayukta hokara pravacanasAra pada kA prayoga huaA haiM, tadanurUpa TokA bhI "pra" upasarga yakta "dIpikA" honA arthAt "pradIpikA" pada upayukta pratIta hotA hai / 60 kelAzanandra zAstrI ne pravacanasAra kI TIkA kA nAma "tattvadIpikA" tathA paMcAstikAya kI TIkA kA nAma "tattvapradIpikA" likhA hai / ukta ullekha vicAraNIya hai / pravacanamAra meM usake nAmAnusAra pravacana kA sAra arthAt jinendra ko divyadhvani kA sAra saMgRhIta hai / samayasAra meM zuddhAtmadarzana pradhAna nirUpaNa hai tathA pravacanasAra meM jJAna pradhAna kathana hai| isa TokA meM amRtacandra kI dArzanika praur3hanA, saiddhAMtika vidvattA, vilakSaNa tarka zakti, gambhIra tatvajJAna tathA adhyAtma rasikatA ke darzana hote haiN| samagra TIkA meM pramutatrandra ke prakANDa pANDitya tathA samAsabahula praur3ha, gambhIra va lalita gadya zailI kI anupama chaTA ke darzana hote haiM / TIkAkAra ne apanI kRti kA lakSya spaSTataH ghoSita karate huye likhA hai ki paramAnaMda rUpI sUcArasa ke pipAsu bhavyajanoM ke kalyANArtha, tatva ko prakaTa karane vAlI TIkA racI jA rahI hai| TIkAkAra ne nirvANa prApti kA sAkSAt kAraNarUpa vItarAga cAritra kI prApti kI bhAvanA pragaTa kI hai| samagra kRti amRtacandra ke jJAna vaibhava se anuprANita tathA naya, pramANa, akATaya yaktiyoM tathA anabhUta udAharaNoM se susajjita hai / yadyapi saMpUrNa TIkA sAlaMkRta saMskRta madya zailI meM hai tathApi kahIM-kahIM amRptacandra kA kavitva 1. pravanagAra, natvapradIpikA vRtti, padya nN| 3 2. vahI, padya - 21 3. jaina sAhitya kA itihAga, bhAga dvitIya, pASTha 173 / 4. paramAnaMdasudhArana pisinAnAM hitAya bhavyAnAm / bhiyata pravaTitatattvA pravacanamArasva vRttiriyA ||(prvcnsaar TIkA, padya 3)

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284 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva rUpa sahaja hI prasphuTita ho uThA hai, isalie samasta kRti meM 21 pada yathAsthAna, svAbhAvika rUpa se prAdurbhUta huye haiM / pravacanasAra mUla tathA usakI ukta vRtti ke anuzIlanavAla hotA hai ki mUgApAgAne unakI TIkA kahIM adhika kliSTa pratIta hotI hai, kintu mUlagAthAoM meM nihita bhAvoM kI gambhIratA tathA vizadatA kA jaisA jJAna tattvapnadIpikAvRtti meM upalabdha hai vaisA anyatra durlabha hai| ukta grantha para hindI, aMgrejI, gujarAto, marATho, saMskRta, kannar3a, tamila prAdi bhASAoM meM gadya tathA padya meM aneka TokAeM, anuvAda tathA prakAzana nikala cuke haiM / sampUrNa bhAratavarSa ke kone-kone meM, jina-maMdira tathA zAstrabhaNDAroM meM isakI pratiyAM upalabdha hotI haiM / pAkistAna ke mulatAna zahara se isa grantha kI kaI hastalikhita pratilipiyAM jayapura lAI gayIM thiiN| aphIkA, laMdana, amerikA Adi videzoM taka meM ukta kRti kA samAdara evaM pracAra huA hai / kembrija vizvavidyAlaya ke prophesara vAreNDa phahegAM ne pravacanasAra tathA usakI tattvapradIpikA vRtti kA aMgrejI bhASAntaraNa karake kembrija vizva vidyAlaya presa, laMdana se eka saMskaraNa prakAzita karAyA thaa| DaoN. e. ena. upAdhye dvArA likhita pravacanasAra kI vistRta aMgrejI prastAvanA kA vibhinna vizvavidyAlayoM meM sammAna kiyA gayA thaa| bambaI vizvavidyAlaya meM ema0 e0 ke pAThyakrama meM ukta grantha ko nirdhArita kiyA gayA thA / Aja bhI ukta anya kI hastalikhita, tAr3apatrIya tathA mudrita tInoM prakAra kI pratiyAM upalabdha haiN| nAmakaraNa - ___ "tatvapradIpikAvRti' ke nAmakaraNa ke saMbaMdha meM kucha prakAza Upara DAlA jA cukA hai / amRtacandra ke pazcAtvartI AcArya padmaprabhamaladhArIdeva ne ukta TIkA kA ullekha "pravacanasAravyAkhyA'' nAma se kiyA hai| TIkAkAra ne svayaM prArambha meM "prakaTitatattvA pravacanasAravRttiH" likhA hai, saMbhavataH inhIM zabdoM para se ukta TIkA kA nAma tattvapradIpikAvRttiH athavA tattvadIpikA nAma cala par3A hai| prophesara bAreNDa phaDaMgAM ne ise "lempa oNpha Tra. tha" yA "tattvaprado pikA" yA "ilyumIneTara praoNpha tha"2 1. niyamasAra, tAtparyavRtiH, gAthA 123 kI TIkA - "tathA cobata pravacanasAra vyaakhyaayaam| 2, Pravachanasari ol Kundakunda with the CouTumentary "Taluva Dipiks" B. Foddegon.C.P. II (Lamp of Truth or 'Tillya Pipiku or Illuminator or 'I ruti).

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kRtiyAM ] / 255 zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA hai| isa prakAra kA nAmakaraNa samagra kRti kA sAra, sthitiprakAzaka, sArthaka evaM samucita hai / ubhaya nAmoM - "tattvadIpikA" tathA tattvapradIpikAvRtti" kA prayoga prArambha se hotA rahA hai hirI tattvATopikAvuni nAma adhika upayukta pratota hotA hai / TIkA kartRtva - AtmakhyAti kI bhAMti tattvapradIpikAvRtti ke racayitA ke sambandha Aja taka kisI bhI bidvAn ko vipratipatti nahIM huii| sabhI ne ekamatena ukta TIkA ko amRta candra kRta hI nirUpita kiyA hai| isa TIkA ke anta meM bhI TIkAkAra pravacanasAra kI TIkA kA kartRtva svayaM svIkAra nahIM karate haiM kyoMki kartatva kA vikalpa bhI moha bhAva hone se paramArtha se ukta vikalpa hitakArI nahIM hai| ve likhate haiM ki ukta TIkA ke kartA amRtacandra nahIM haiM, amRtacandra ko usakA kartA (vyAkhyAtA) mAnakara moha se mata nAco / vizuddhajJAna kI kalA tathA syAdvAdavidyA ke bala se eka, sakala, zAzvata, yAkulatArahita nijAtmA ko hI prAptakara AtmAnanda meM nAco / ' pratyeka adhyAya ke anta meM "iti pravacanasAravRttau tattvadIpikAyAM zrImadamRtacandrasUriviracitAyAM jJAnatattva prajJApano nAma prathamaH zrutaskaMdhaH samAptaH" ityAdi ullekha milatA hai| isa taraha ukta TIkA bhI AcArya amRtacandra ko hI racanA pramANita hai| prAmANikatA - AcArya kundakunda kI racanAoM meM nihita tatvoM tathA bhAvoM ko AcArya amRtacandra ne AtmasAt karake hI una para TIkAoM ko racanA ko hai ata: una TIkAoM kI prAmANikatA mUla grantha se kisI prakAra kama nahIM hai / yadi AcArya kundakunda kI vANI meM diyadhvani kA sAra nihita hai to aAcArya kundakunda ke TIkAkAra amRtacandra kI TIkAoM meM kundakunda ke graMthagatasAra kA hI vistAra hai, ataH unakI kRtiyoM kI prAmANikatA 1. vyAsyeyaM vila vizvamAtmasAhata vyAkhyA tu gumphe girAM / vyAkhyAtAmRtacandramuririti mA mohAjjano balAtu / valagatvadya vizuddhabodhakalayA syAdvAdavidyAmalAta, labdharvaka sakalAtmazAzyatamida svaM tatvamavyAkulaH // (tattvapradIpikAvRttiH padya naM0 20

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286 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktittva evaM kAtRtva nirvivAda hai| jainatattvajJAna kI paramparA meM yadyapi aneka prAmANika AcArya huye haiM tathApi amRtacandrAcArya unake TIkAkAroM meM agraNI haiN| tattvapradIpikA TIkA pravacamamA ra satkRiSTayA mAlAhI hAka hai| pravacanasAra para zatAdhika AcAryoM evaM vidvAnoM ne TIkAyeM racI parantu ve sabhI TIkAyeM tattvapnadIpikA ke bAda hI parigaNita hotI haiM / ve sabhI TIkAyeM kisI na kisI rUpa meM prAcArya amRtacandra kI TIkA se prabhAvita tathA anuprANita avazya haiM / jainatattvajJAna tathA siddhAMtoM ke pUrNa adhikArI evaM gambhIra jhAlA hone se AcArya amRtavandra paramaprAmANika AcAryoM meM se haiM, ata: unakI TIkAoM kI prAmANijAtA bhI sahaja siddha hai / paravartI vidvAnoM ne apanI kRtiyoM meM amRtacandra kI tattvapradIpikA ke pramANa prastuta kie haiM / viSaya vastu - sampUrNa graMtha mukhyata: tIna vibhAgoM meM vibhAjita hai / prathama meM jJAnatattva, dvitIya meM jJeyatatva tathA tRtIya meM caraNAnuyoga sUcaka cUlikA kA prajJApana kiyA gayA hai| ye tInoM vibhAga apane Apa meM upazIrSakoM meM bhI vibhAjita haiM, jo isa prakAra haiM / prathama bibhAga jJAna tattva-prajJApana, zuddhopayoga, jJAna, sukha tathA zubhapariNAma nAmaka cAra upazIrSakoM meM vibhAjita hai| dvitIya vibhAga jJayatattva-prajJApana, dravyasAmAnya, dravyavizeSa tathA jJAnajJeya prakaraNoM meM vibhakta hai| tutIya vibhAga caraNAnayogasUcaka cUlikA ke aMtargata AcaraNa prajApana, mokSamArga-prajJApana, zubhopayoga-prajJApana tathA paMcaratna-prajJApana - ye cAra prakaraNa haiM / aMta meM eka pariziSTa dvArA 47 nayoM ke mAdhyama se Atmadravya kA kathana kiyA hai / yahA~ pratyeka vibhAga meM varNita viSayavastu kA saMkSepa meM paricaya karAyA gayA hai / 1. jJAnatasva prazApana - ukta vibhAga kA Arambha maMgalAcaraNa pUrvaka kiyA gayA hai| isameM jJAnAnaMdamayI paramAtmA ko namaskAra karake, anekAMtamaya jJAna kI stuti kI lathA grantha kI TIkA karane kA prayojana paramAnaMda sudhArasa ke pipAsu bhavyajanoM kA kalyANa karanA batAyA hai| prathama vItarAga cAritra ko sapAdeya tathA sa rAga cAritra ko heya siddha kiyaa| cAritra kA svarUpa, AtmA aura cAritra kI ekatA tathA AtmA ke zubha-azabha tathA zuddha pariNAmoM

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kRtiyA~ / [ 287 kA ullekha tathA phala nirUpaNa kiyaa|' itanA kathana pIThikA rUpa meM kiyA / pazcAta upazIrSaka ke rUpa meM adhikAroM meM prathama zaddhopayoga adhikAra prArambha kiyA hai| isameM zuddhopayoga ke phala kI prazaMsA, zaddhIpayoga pariNata AtmA kA svarUpa tathA usase hone vAlI bhAvazuddhi kI prazaMsA kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| pazcAt zaddhopayoga se zadvAtmasvabhAva kI prApti batAkara "svayaMbhU" bhagavAna banane hetu anya kArakAMtaroM kI apekSA kA niSedha kiyA hai / SaTkAraka patra nijAtmA meM hI ghaTina hote haiM / yathArtha meM paradravyoM ke sAtha AtmA kA kAraka sambandha nahIM hai / isalie zuddhAtmasvabhAva kI prApti ke liye AtmA ko sAmagrI (bAhyasAdhana-bAhyanimita) khojane meM parataMtra hone kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| Aga zukhAtmasvabhAva sampanna svayaMbhU ke avinAzIpane tathA kathaMcit utpAda vyaya-dhrauvyapane ko siddha kiyA hai / AtmA ko indriyoM ke binA bhI jJAna aura Ananda hotA hai| yaha Ananda atIndriya hotA hai / usameM zArIrika sukha dukhAdi nahIM hote| yahAM zuddhopayogAdhikAra samApta hotA hai| isake bAda jJAnAdhikAra prAraMbha hotA hai, jisameM kramazaH atIndriya jJAnarUpa pariNata kevalI bhagavAna ko sarvadravyakSetrAdi pratyakSa hai, kucha bhI parokSa nahIM hai. aisA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| AtmA ko jJAnapramANa tathA jJAna ko jJeya pramANa kahA gayA hai / jJeya meM lokAloka garmita hai ata: mAma sarvagata-sarvavyApaka hai / AtmA ko jJAna pramANa na mAnane vAloM ke mataM meM duSaNa batAte hue likhA hai ki pArTI ko jJAnapramANa na mAnane se AtmA ko jJAnahona mAnanA par3egA tathA jJAna ko acetana mAnanA hogA aura yadi AtmA jJAna se adhika mAnA jAyegA to vaha jJAna ke binA kase jAnegA? isa prakAra prAtmA kA jJAna ko bhAMti sarvaMgatatva nyAya se siddha hotA hai / AtmA aura jJAna meM samavAya sambandha svabhAra siddha hai, ata: donoM meM ekatva hai parantu jJAna kI bhAMti AtmA meM ananta guNa haiM, ve paraspara bhinna lakSaNa vAle haiM, ata: AtmA aura jJAna meM kathacit anyatvaM bhI hai / jJAna aura jJeya eka dUsare meM praviSTa nahIM hote / jisa prakAra cakSa rUpa ko jAnatA hai parantu rUpa meM praviSTa nahIM hotA, usI prakAra jJAna 1. pravacanasAra, gAthA 1 se 11 taka dIkA / 2. pravacanasAra, tattvAdIpikAti, gAthA 12 se 16 tAH / 3, vahI, gAthA 17 se 20 tk|

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288 ] | AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva jJayoM ko jAnatA hai, unameM praviSTa nahIM hotA / jJAna padArtha meM pravRtta hotA hai tathA padArtha jJAna meM vartate haiM / yaha pravRtti hone para bhI AtmA para dravya kA grahaNa lyAga nahIM krtaa|' jo vAstava meM yutazAna ke dvArA jJAyarasvabhAvI AtmA ko jAnatA hai, vaha zrutakevalI nahalAtA hai / jJAna aura zruta meM abhedapanA hai / AtmA jJAnakriyA vArtA tathA jJAna usakA karaNa hai| Age jJAna tathA jJeya kA svarUpa dikhalAte hue dravyoM kI pratIta, anAgata paryAyeM bhI tAtkAlinaH paryAyoM kI bhAMti pathaka, rUpa se jJAna meM vartatI haiN| isakI siddhi kI hai| prAge avidyamAna paryAyoM kA kathaMcita vidyamAnapanA tathA avidyamAna paryAyoM ko jJAnapratyakSatA siddha kI gaI hai| indriya jJAna meM honA tathA ataH - nAnA saMbhava nahIM hai / jJeyArtha pariNamanarUpa kriyA jJAna meM se nahIM hotI / vaha kriyA varmodaya ke kAla meM ajJAnI dvArA svayaM hI moha rAgadveSAdi rUpa pariNamita hone se, ajJAnI ke hotI hai, vaha usa kriyAphala kA bhoktA bhI hai / Age dRSTAMta pUrvaka likhate haiM ki jisa prakAra yogyatA kA sadbhAva hone para sriyoM meM anAyAsa mAyAcAra yukta pravRtti dekhI jAtI hai, usI prakAra kevalI bhagavAna ke binA prayAsa hI khar3e rahanA, baiThanA, vihAra Adi kriyAya svayameva hotI haiM, ve kriyAyeM bandha sAdhaka nahIM hotii| yahAM yaha bhI spaSTa kahA hai ki kevalI bhagavAna kI taraha samasta saMsArI jIvoM ke svabhAva ghAta kA prabhAva nahIM hai apitu saMsArI jovoM meM kathaMcit svabhAva kA vighAta vidyamAna hai| arhatoM kA puNyodaya svabhAva ghAta nahIM karatA ataH aki citkara hai| isIlie udayApekSA unakI kriyAyeM audayikI kahI jAtI haiM parantu mohAdirahita hone se kSAyikI bhI kahalAtI haiM / atIndriya jJAna sabako jAnatA hai / jo sabako nahIM jAnatA vaha eka ko bhI nahIM jAnatA / jo eka ko nahIM jAnatA, vaha sabako nahIM jAnatA / sAtha hI krama se pravartamAna jJAna sarvagata siddha nahIM ho sktaa| isalie yugapat pravRtti mAnane para hI jJAna kA sarvagatatva siddha hotA hai| anta meM kevalajJAnI ke jJapti kriyA kA sadbhAva hone para bhI baMdhakriyA kA abhAva siddha kiyA gayA hai / 1, pravacanakAra, na tvadIpikAvati, gAthA 21 se 32 taka 2. vahI, gAthA 33 se 37 tayaH / 3. vahIM, gAthA 38 se 44 taka / 4. vahIM, gAthA 45 se 52 taka /

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kRtiyA~ / / 256 yahAM se sukha adhikAra prAraMbha hotA hai| isameM prAraMbha meM jJAna aura sUkha kI abhinnatA, atIndriya jJAna kI pradhAnatA va upAdeyatA aura iMdriyajJAna kI parAdhInatA va heyapanA dikhalAyA hai / atIndriya sukha kA sAdhanabhUta jJAna upAdeya hai, tathA indriyajJAna indriya sukha kA sAdhaka hone se heya tathA nindanIya hai| indriya jJAna viSayoM meM yugAta nahIM pravartatA, vaha pratyakSa bhI nahIM hotA, parokSa hotA hai / indriyoM svayaM para haiM, unake Azraya se hone vAlA jJAna rAkSa jJAna hai| pratyakSa jJAna prAtmAdhita tathA sukha rUpa hai| kevalajJAna ko ekAMtataH sukharUpa na mAnane kA vaNDana tathA usakI sukhasvarUpatA kA maNDana karate hue kevaliyoM ke hI paramArtha sukha hotA hai isakA zraddhAna karAyA hai| Age indriya sUkha ko dukharUpa tathA Atmasukha ke lie zarIra sukha kA khaNDana kiyA hai / vaikriyaka zarIra bhI mukha kA kAraNa nahIM hai / AtmA svayaM sutra zakti saMpanna hai ataH use viSaya sukha akAryakArI hai / anta meM AtmA kA mukhasvabhAva dRSTAMtoM dvArA dRr3ha kiyA gayA hai| prathama vibhAga kA antima adhikAra zubha pariNAma adhikAra hai| isameM indriya sukha ke sAdhanoM kA vicAra kiyA hai |scce deva-zAstra-guru kI pUjA, dAna, zIla tathA unavAsAdi meM pravRtta AtmA zabhopayogI hai| zubhopayogI pAramA indriya sukha ko prApta ja. ratA hai| vAstava meM indriya sukha duHkharUpa hI hai / indriya sukha bhRguprapAtauccaparvatazikhara se patita hone ke samAna hai| indriya mukha kA janaka puNpa hai aura usa puNya kA mAdhaka zubhopayoga hai, vaha devAdika trI vibhUti kA kAraNa hai tathA azubhopayoga narakAdi gatiyoM ke duHkha kA kAraNa hai, parantu dono meM AtmIka mukha kA abhAva hone ke kAraNa donoM samAna haiN| donoM meM antara nahIM hai| zubhopayoga janya puNya bhI AgAmI duHkhoM kA bIja hone se heya hai| puNyodaya meM tRSNAbIja duHkha vRkSarUpa meM vRddhi ko hI prApta hotA hai| puNya bhI sukhAbhAsa rUpa duHkha kA hI sAdhana hai / indriya sUkha parAdhIna, bAdhAsahita, vinAzIka tathA bandha kA kAraNa va viSama hai ataH duHkha hI hai / isalie jo jIva pugNa tathA pApa meM antara mAnate haiM ve ghora apAra saMsAra meM hI paribhramaNa karate haiN| ata: zubha aura azubha upayoga meM vizeSatA 1. pravacananAra, tatvapradIpikA batti, gAthA 53 meM 63 tabaH / 2. vahI, gAthA 64 se 60 tk| 3. vahI, mAthA 66 se 77 naka /

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260 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva na mAnakara duHkhakSaya ke kAraNabhUta zuddhopayoga hI zaraNabhUta mAnanA caahie| moha senA ko jItane kA upAya batAte hue likhA hai ki jo arhanta ko dravya guNa tathA paryAya se jAnatA hai vaha apane prAtmA ko bhI jAnatA hai, usakA moha kSaya ko prApta hotA hai| prAge kahA ki zuddhAtmAnubhUti rUpa ciMtAmaNi ratna ko pAkara use, pramAdarUpa cora se bacAne hetu jAgata rahanA caahie| yahI samasta ahaMtoM dvArA apanAyA gayA vidhAna hai jisase karmakSaya kiyA jAtA hai, sabhI ahaMto ne usase karmakSaya kiyA hai ata: anya ko bhI usakA upadeza diyA gayA hai| zuddhAtmasvabhAva kA luTerA moha tIna prakAra kA hai - moha, rAga tathA duSarUpa / usako bhalIbhAMti jAnakara nAza karanA caahie|' mohanAza ke upAyoM meM sabase pahale Agama kA samyaka prakAra abhyAsa karanA caahie| jinendra ke zabdabrahma meM dravya, guNa tathA unakI paryAyoM ko "artha" kahA gayA hai| prAtmA bhI guNa - paryAyoM rUpa vravya hai| isa prakAra jinendra deva kA upadeza prApta hone para hI puruSArtha kAryakArI hotA hai| Age, mohakSaya kA mukhya kAraNa svaparaviveka (bhedavijJAna) kI prApti hai ataH usakI prApti kA prayala karane kA upadevA diyA gayA hai| ukta svaparIvaveka kI siddhi Agama ke anusAra karanA cAhie / kyoMki jinendrokta artho ke zraddhAna binA dharmalAbha nahIM ho sakatA / anta meM Agamakuzala, nihatamohadRSTi tathA vItarAga cAritra meM mArUna mahAtmA zramaNa hI sAkSAt dharma hai isa prakAra ukta adhikAra samApta hotA hai| sAtha hI prathama vibhAga jise prathama zrutaskaMgha kahA hai, vaha bhI samApta hotA hai / 2. jhepatattvaprajJApana -- isameM prathama dravyasAmAnya adhikAra hai jisameM prAraMbha meM padArthoM kA samyaka svarUpa dravya-guNa-paryAya kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| isake aMtargata vistAra sAmAnya samudAya evaM prAyata sAmAnyasamudAya, 1. pravacanagAra, tattvapradIpikAvRtti gAthA 78 se 85 taka / 2. vahI, gAmA 86 meM ! 2 taka / 3. vistAra arthAt naur3AI / vahA~ sarva guNoM meM vyApta bhya ko vistAra sAmAnya kahA hai| 4. yAmata arthAt lmbaaii| yahAM kAlApekSita kamabhAvI paryAyoM meM vyApta dravya ko Ayata sAmAnya kahA hai|

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kRtiyA~ | | 261 - 1 vistAra vizeSa' va AyA vizeSa kA svarUpa spaSTa kiyA hai / paryAya ke dravyaparyAya tathA guNaparyAya do haiN| yI do prakAra kI kahI gaI hai| prathama samAnajAtIya, jaise pudgalaskaMdha aura dvitIya asamAnajAtIya, jaise manuSya devAdiparyAya | guNaparyAya bhI do prakAra kahI hai; svabhAvarUpa dathA vibhAvarUpa / yahAM prasaMgopAtta svasamaya va parasamaya kI vyavasthA bhI darzAI hai / pazcAt kramazaH dravya kA lakSaNa tathA usake sAmAnya vizeSaguNoM kA ullekha, svarUpa thA sAdRzya do prakAra kA astitva svarUpa, dravyoM se dravyAMtara sathA sattA kA arthAntaratva hone kA khaNDana, utpAda vyaya bhavya rUpa sat dravya kA lakSaNa, utpAda vyaya zrIvya kA kathaMcit avinAbhAbIpanA ityAdi kA atyaMta gaMbhIra dArzanika satarka va sodAharaNa svarUpa spaSTokaraNa kiyA hai| Age utpAdAdi dravya se bhinna nahIM hai, ve tInoM dravyarUpa hai, unakA kSaNabheda grAhya nahIM hai ityAdi kA nirUpaNa hai / dravya ke utpAda vyaya zravya kA aneka tathA eka dravyaparyAya ke dvArA vicAra kiyA gayA hai| sattA aura dravya meM dravyAMtara nahIM hai, pRthakatva tathA anyatva kA svarUpa spaSTokaraNa, atadbhAva kA svarUpa, atadbhAva kA artha sarvathA abhAva nahIM hai, sattA aura dravya meM guNa guNI bhAva ko siddhi, guNa guNoM meM anekatva kA khaNDana, dravya ke sat utpAda tathA paryAya ke asat utpAda hone ko siddhi sat kA utpAda anyatva dvArA siddha kiyA jAnA, asat kA utpAda anyatva dvArA siddha kiMvA jAnA, eka hI dravya ke pratyatva sathA ananyatva meM bhAsita virodha kA parihAra kiyA jAnA ityAdi prakaraNoM para gaMbhIratApUrvaka vivecana kiyA hai / tatpazcAt samasta virodhoM ko dUra karane vAlI saptabhaMgI kAM svarUpa darzAyA gayA hai / saptabhaMgI ke sAna bhaga hai / ve kramazaH isa prakAra hai - syAt asti, sthAt nAsti syAt rakktavya, syAt asti nAsti, syAt prasti avaktavya syAt nAsti vaktavya tathA syAt asti avaktavya | Age manuSyAdi paryAyoM ko jIva kI mohayukta kriyA ke phala nirUpita kiyA gayA hai| manuSyAdi paryAyoM meM jIva ke svabhAva kA kAraNa spaSTa karate hue jAvadravya kA dravyApekSA avasthiti navA paryAyApekSA " J 1. yahA~ dravya meM sahabhAvI rUpa se rahane vAle guNa ko vistAra vizeSa kahA hai / 2. yahAM kAlApekSita kramabhAvoM dravya se abheda paryAya kI Ayata vizeSa kahA hai| 3. pravacanasAra, tattvapradIpikAvRtti gAthA 23 me 100 taka | 4. pravajanasAra tattvapradIpikA vRtti gAthA 102 se 114 taka /

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262 / | AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva anava sthiti batalAI gaI hai / jIva mo anavasthitapane yA kAraNa batalAyA hai tathA saMsAra meM badha hone kA kAraNa Adi bhI spaSTa kiyA hai| paramArtha se AtmA ke dravyakarma kA akavinA hai| AtmA jisa svarUpa pariNamita hotA hai vaha cetanA hI hai jo tIna prakAra kI hai jJAnacetanA, karmacetanA tathA karmaphala cetanA / ukta tInoM cetanAoM kA svarUpa bhI spaSTa kiyA gayA hai / ata meM jJayatatva hApa ... ukta jJayatva ko prApta prAtmA kI zuddhatA ke nizcaya se jJAnatatva kI siddhi hotI hai - usase prAtmopalabdhi hotI hai, usakA abhinaMdana karate hue ukta adhikAra samApta kiyA hai| isI vibhAga kA dvitIya adhikAra dravya vizeSa adhikAra hai / isameM dravya ke jIva tathA ajIbapane kA nizcaya kiyA hai / cetanA-upayogamaya ko jIva tathA pudgala cyAdi acetana dravyoM ko ajIva kahA hai| dravya ke loka-aloka kA aMtara, kriyA tathA mAnavarUpa se dravya meM vizeSatA ityAdi bAtoM para vicAra kiyA hai| pariNAmamAtra lakSaNavAlA bhAva hai tathA parispaMdalakSaNavAlI kriyA hai| jIva tathA pudgala meM bhAvavI tathA kriyAvatI zakti donoM pAI jAtI haiN| zeSa dravyoM meM kevala bhAvavI zakti hotI hai| guNabheda ke kAraNa drazyaveda bhI kiyA jAtA hai / mUtaM amUrta kA lakSaNa karate hue indriyagAya ko mUrta tathA amUrta dravyoM ke guNa amUrta hote haiM - isa taraha nirUpaNa kiyA hai| pudgaladravya mUrta hai usake guNa sparza, rasa, gaMdha tathA varNa hai| vividha prakAra ke zabda bhI pudgala kI ho paryAya haiN| paryAya kA lakSaNa anityatva hai tathA guNa kA lakSaNa nityatva hai| amUrta dravyoM ke guNoM kA bhI savistAra varNana kiyA hai / ' Age dravya kA pradezavatva rUpa bheda bhI dikhAvA hai / pradezo-anadezI dravyoM kA nivAsI tathA apradezavatva tathA pradezavatva-prapradezavatva kA svarUpa darzAyA hai| kAladravya ko apradezI (eka pradezI) kahA hai| kAladravya ke dravya tathA paryAya ko spaSTa kiyA hai| prakAza ke pradeza kA lakSaNa likha kara tiryaka pracaya tathA urdhvapracaya kA svarUpa bhI nirUpita kiyA hai| kAladravya meM utpAda-vyaya-novyapane ko siddhi, usake pradezamApanA aura astitva ityAdi kI siddhi karate hue isa adhikAra kA upasaMhAra kiyA hai| 1. pravacanasAra, tanvapadIpikAti, gAthA 115 se 126 tk| 2. vahI, gAthA 127 meM 134 tayA / 3. vahI, gAthA 125 se 144 taka ,

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kRtiyo / | 263 ukta vibhAga kA tatIya adhikAra jJAna-jJayavibhAga adhikAra hai| isameM jJAna tathA jJavameMsa batAtara -TE: nimama rAma: tathA vyavahAra jIvatva ke hetu kA bhI vicAra kiyA hai| jIva ke indriya, bala, Aya tathA zasocchavAsa ye prANa hai| ye prANa pUdagalamaya haiN| paudagalika karmaphaloM ko jIva prANoM se hI bhogatA haiN| prANa pUdagalamaya pudgala karmI ke kAraNa bhI hai | pudgalaprANoM kI pravAhaparaMparA kA hetu zArIrika viSayoM meM mamatva hotA hai / isa pravAhaparaMparA se nivRtti kA kA kAraNa upayogamayI AtmA kA dhyAna karanA hai| yahIM paryAyoM ke bheda ko spaSTa kiyA hai| AtmA ko atyaMta vibhakta karane ke lie paradravya ke saMyoga kA kAraNa zubha-azubha rUpa azuddhopayoga banAyA hai, zubha tathA azubhopayoga kA svarUpa bhI likhA hai / ubhayaprakAra ke azaddhopayoga ko nAza karane hetu anya dravyoM meM madhyastha hone kA abhyAsa karanA cAhiye / zarIra, mana tathA vANI, rUpa meM nahIM hai,unakA kAraNa, katA yA kArayitA bhI nahIM hai ata: unake prati bhI madhyastha hone kA abhyAsa karanA caahie| zarIra, mana tathA vANI ye paradravya ho haiM tathA prAtmA meM paradravyA kA prabhAba hone se AtmA ke paradravya kA bartApanA bhI nahIM hotaa|' prAge paramANu rUpa pariNati kaise hotI hai ? isakA spaSTokasaNa karate hue snigdhatva tathA rukSatva ko usakA kAraNa btlaayaa| sAtha hI yaha bhI niyama batAyA ki samAna se do aMza adhika vAle paramANoM meM hI baMdha honA hai| jaghanya (eka) aMza meM baMdha nahIM hotaa| snigdha athavA rUkSa paramANaoM meM do aura cAra tIna aura pAMca aMzavAle paramANa hI baMdhana ko prApta hote haiM / AtmA ke pudgala piNDoM kA kartAyanA nahIM hai| vaha pudgala piNDoM ko lAne vAlA bhI nahIM hai| vaha unheM karmarUpa bhI nahIM karatA / aAtmA zarIra kI kriyAnoM kA bhI kartA nahIM hai| AtmA ke zarIratva kA abhAva hI hai / pAMcoM prakAra ke zarIra pudagalamaya hI haiN| Age jIva kA asAdhAraNa lakSaNa cetanAguNa batAte hue use rasa, pa, gaMgha, vyakti, zabda tathA liMgagrAhyatA Adi se rahita hI batAyA hai| AtmA ke snigdha makSapane ke abhAva meM usakA baMdha kisa prakAra saMbhava hai ? isa kaThina bAna ko dRSTAMta dvArA itanA mugama banAkara samajhAyA gayA haiM ki AbAlagopAla bhI use samajha sakatA hai| yahAM bhAva baMdha 1. pravacanasAra, gattvapradIpikA iti, gAthA 145 ga 164 napha . 2. vahI, gAthA 165 me 172 taka /

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264 / / AcArya amatacanA : nyanindra evaM katuMgya kA svarUpa tathA usake nimitta heturUpa dravyavaMdha ko bhI samajhAyA hai| unameM paraspara nimitta namitikA bhAva darzAyA hai| yaha bhI kahA hai ki rAgI hI karmabaMdha karatA hai, rAgarahita prAtmA kamoM se mukta hotA hai / pariNAmoM ke do prakAra haiM; paradravya ke prati pravartamAna pariNAma tathA svadanya meM pravartamAna prinnaam| prathama dukha ke kAraNa hai, dUsare duHkha kSaya (mukha) ke kAraNa hai / ataH sva meM pravRtti tathA para se nivRtta ke lie sva para kA bheda samajhAyA hai / sva-para kA bhedajJAna hI sva-pravRtti kA nimatti hai tathA usakA ajJAna hI para-pravRtti kA kAraNa hai|' Aga AtmA ko apane svabhAva bhAvoM kA kartA tathA pudgala dravyamaya sarva parabhAvoM kA akartA likhA hai| parabhAboM kA kartA prAtmA isalie nahIM hai kyoMki usake paradravya kA grahaNatyAga nahIM hotA / saMsArAvasthA meM pudgala pariNAmoM ko nimittamAtra karake AtmA ko azuddha pariNAma kA kartA kahA / karmoM meM jJAnAvaraNAdi rUma vicitra pariNama na svayameva apanI apanI yogyatA se hotA hai, jisa prakAra navIna meghajala kA bhUmi se saMyoga hone para hariyAlI, kukaramuttA (chattA) aura indragopa (lAla kIr3e) svayameva vicitratA ko prApta hote haiM, unakA koI kartA nahIM hai| akelA prAtmA hI rAgadi mukta hokara karmaraja se sambaddha hotA huA baMdha kahalAtA haiM / Age nizcaya-vyavahAra meM avirodha darzAte hue| zuddhadravya nirUpaka nizcayanaya sAdhakatama hone se grAhya yA upAdeya batAyA hai tathA vyavahAranaya heva batAyA hai| azaDhanaya se azaddhAtmA tathA zuddhanaya se zuddhAtmA kI prApti hotI hai| dhra va hone ke kAraNa zuddhAtmA hI prApta karane yogya hai / ana va hone se AtmA ke sivA anya samasta para padArtha prApta karane yogya nahIM hai| suddhAtmA kI prApti se mohanandhi kA nAza hotA hai| mohagranthi ke nAza hone se rAgadveSa kA kSaya, zramaNatA kI prApti tathA anaMta-akSaya sumna kI prApti hotI hai| moha ke nAza se, sahajacaitanya svabhAva kA dhyAna hotA hai jo AtmA meM prazaddhatA ko Ane se rokatA hai / mokSaya ho jAne ke kAraNa kevalajJAnI AtmA samastajJa yoM kA jJAyaka hotA hai, parantu una to kisI prakAra kI abhilASA-jijJAsA nahIM hotii| vaha kevalajJAnI AtmA niraMtara paramasukha kA ho dhyAna 1. prapananasAra, natvapradapikA vati, pAthA 133 ro 1-2 namaH / 2. vahIM, gAthA 14 se 188 nAka /

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kRtiyA~ ] karatA hai|' zuddhAtmA kI upalabdhi svarUpa ho mokSamArga hai. usakA svarUpa dikhAyA hai| aMta meM upasaMhAra karate hue AcArya svayaM sAmya nAmaka paramazramaNatA ko prApta karate haiN| TIkAkAra ne yaha sucanA bhI dI hai ki caraNa (cAritra) dravyAnusAra hotA hai tathA dravya caraNAnusAra hotA hai| donoM paraspara sApekSa haiN| isalie kisI kA bhI Azraya lekara mumukSuoM ko mokSamArga meM prArohaNa karanA caahie| isa prakAra jJAnajayavibhAga adhikAra tathA dvitIya zrutaskaMdha rUpa dvitIya vibhAga bhI samApta hotA hai| 3. caraNAnuyoga cUlikA - aba antima vibhAga prAraMbha hotA hai jisakA nAma caraNAnayoga sUcaka culi kA hai| isameM prathama pAcaraNa adhikAra para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| TIkAkAra prArambha meM likhate haiM ki dravya kI siddhi meM caraNa kI siddhi hai aura caraNa kI siddhi meM dravya kI siddhi hai| ataH aisA jAnakara karmoM se virata dUsaroM ko bhI dravya ke anukula cAritra dhAraNa karanA cAhie / prathama jinavaravRSamoM ( ahatoM) ko namaskAra tathA zramaNoM ko praNAma karake zramaNa hone ke lie vidhAna nirUpita kiyA hai / zramaNa banane kA icchaka pahale baMdhUvarga, mAtA-pitA, strI, putrAdi se apane ko char3AtA hai| sabhI kI sammati lene kA artha yaha hai ki yadi anya bhavya jIva alpasaMsArI ho to vaha bhI vairAgya ko prApta kreN| pazcAt jJAnAcAra, darzanAcAra, cAritrAcAra, tapAcAra aura baryAcAra ina pAMcoM ko aMgIkAra karake dIkSAguru ke samakSa praNata tathA anugRhIta hotA hai / phira vaha yathAjAtarUpa dhArI - nagnAvasthA ko prApta hotA hai| 28 mUlaguNoM kA dhArI hotA hai| ise pramatta dazA vAlA zramaNa kahate haiM / vaha chedopasthApaka bhI kahalAtA hai / Age pravajyAdAyaka guru vaniryApaka gaha Adi kA lakSaNa samajhAyA hai / Age saMyamacheda ke AyatanoM kA parihAra karane kA upadeza diyA hai| cheda kA svarUpa sraSTa kiyA hai / cheda ke vibhinna prakAra bhI darzAye haiN| prAge utsarga ko hI vastUdharma batAyA hai, apavAda ko nahIM / apavAda ke bhedoM ko samajhAte hue yaha bhI likhA hai ki 1. pravacana pAra, tatvapradIpi pati. gAthA 186 se 168 tk| 3. vahI, gAthA 166 se 200 taka / 2. bahI, gAthA 201 se 206 nAnA /

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266 } | AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartutva muniyoM ke samasta prakAra ke lokavyavahAra nahIM hote / anta meM yuktAhAravihAra kA savistAra nirUpaNa kiyA hai| utsarga tathA apavAda mArga ko maitrI saMsthApita karake AcaraNa ko susthita banAnA caahie| utsarga sApekSa apavAda mArga hotA hai / upasaMhAra karate hue TIkAkAra ne sarvaprakAra se nijadravya meM hI vipani karane kI preraNA kI hai| aMtima vibhAga kA dvitIya adhikAra mokSaprajJApana haiM, usakA pratipAdya isa prakAra hai| zramaNa kA pramukha kArya prAgamAbhyAsa-AgamajJAna hai / AgamajJAna binA zramaNa mokSa kA adhikArI nahIM ho sakatA / mokSamArga meM calane vAle ke lie Agama hI ekamAtra cakSu hai / muni ko Agama cakSu (Agama kI AjJA kA jJAtA) honA caahie| samasta jagata ke prANI indriya cakSu vAle hote haiM / deva avadhicakSa vAle tathA arhata-siDa sarvataH cakSa vAle hote haiN| prAgama cakSatroM kA aisA mAhAtmya hai ki unase saba kucha dikhAI detA hai / Agama pakSoM ko kucha bhI ajJAta nahIM rahatA / Age kahA hai ki prAgamajJAna, latpUrvaka tattvArtha zraddhAna tathA una donoM pUrvaka saMyama ina tInoM kA yugapat honA hI mokSamArga hai| AgamajJAna vinA tatva-zraddhAna tathA zraddhAna binA saMyama mokSamArga kA vidhAyaka nahIM honaa| ajJAnI lAkhoM karor3oM bhavoM taka jo karma khapAtA hai, vaha karma jJAnI trimupti dvaar| ucchavAsamAtra meM khapA detA hai| yahAM AtmajJAna kI sarvazraSThatA siddha karate hue TIkAkAra ne spaSTa likhA hai ki AtmajJAna zanyasAdhaka ke sarva AgamajJAna, tattvArthazraddhAna tathA saMyama kI yugamatatA bhI akiMcitkara hai / ve kucha bhI nahIM, kara sakate / ataH ukta tonoM ke sAtha prAtmajJAna kA samavetapanA Avazyaka hai| uparokta AtmamAna sahita AgamajJAna, tasvazraddhAna va saMyama dhArI kI pravRtti zatru-mitra, sukha-dukha, prazaMsA-niMdA,sonA-miTTI tathA jIvana-maraNa meM samabhAvarUpa hotI hai| aisA zramaNAnA hI mokSa kA mArga hai| jo muni ekamAtra AtmA ko pramukha karake ekAgra nahIM hotA tathA anya davyoM kA prAzraya karake anekAna hotA hai, vaha AtmajJAna bhraSTa hone se mukti ko nahIM paataa| isalie prAtmA kI ekAgratA ho mokSamArga hai / / 1. pravacanagAra. savadIpikAva ni, gAthA 210 se 226 taka / 2. vahI, mAthA 227 se 235 taka / 3. vahIM, gAthA 236 se 240 tk| 4. vahIM, gAthA 242 se 244 taka /

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kRtiyAM / | 267 aba ukta vibhAga kA tRtIya prakaraNa zubhAgayoga prajJAyana adhikAra prAraMbha hotA hai| yahAM prathama hI zubhopayogI muniyoM ko apradhAna -- gauNa siddha kiyA hai| kAraNa ki gubhopayogI prAvadhAna hai tathA zuddhopayogI nirAstrava hai| bhopayogI zramaNoM kI pragRti, popadeza, ziSyagrahaNa tathA unake poSaNa rUpa aura jinendrapUjA kI upadezaka hotI hai / yadyapi gubhopayogI kI pravRti nepa ( karmabandha / kA kAraNa hotI hai. tathApi anekAMta se pavitra hRdaya vAle zuddha jainoM ke prati tathA zuddhAtmA ke jJAnadarzana meM pravartamAna prAtmAoM ke prati zukhAtmA ke sivA anya samasta bAtoM kI apekSA kiye binA anukampA Adi zubhapravRtti karane kA niSedha nahIM hai 1 ukta bhUmikA meM tathokta pravRtti binA stra-para kI zuddhAtma paraNati kI rakSA saMbhava nahIM hai | zubhopayoga garUpa pravRtti ke lie kAla kA niyama bhI dikhAyA gayA hai / zUbhopayoga yUkta laukika janoM se bAtacIta kaba karanA cAhie, kaba nahIM : isakA bhI niyama darzAyA hai|' zubhopayoga ke kAraNaviparItatA hone se phalaviparItatA bhI siddha kI gaI hai / zubhopayoga zubhabaMdha kA kAraNa se mokSa kA kAraNa nahIM hai / zUbhopayoga dhUkta viSayakaSAyAsakta janoM kI sevA, upakAra yA dAna karane vAle jIvoM ko jo puNya kI prApti hotI hai, usakA phala kudeva tathA kumAnuSa holA hai|' kAraNa kI viparItatA se phala kI aviparItatA siddha nahIM hotI / praviparIta phala kA kAraNa aviparIta kAraNapanA hai / ataH aise aviparIta kAraNoM meM hI pravRti bAranA caahie| zramaNoM ko apanI adhika guNI zramaNoM ke prati pratyutthAna, grahaNa, upAmana, poSaNa, satkAra, aMjalIkaraNa tathA praNAmAdi kA nipaMca nahIM hai| prAga zramaNAbhAsa kA svarUpa spaSTa karate hue likhA hai ki bhAgamajJAnI, saMyamI, tapasvI hone para bhI jinokta vizva ke tattvoM kA jo jJAtA nahIM hotA tathA prAtmapradhAna padArthazraddhAna nahIM karatA, vaha muni zramaNAbhAsa hai| yahAM yaha bhI kahA hai ki jo jinokta zAsana meM lIna yathArtha zramaNa ko dekhakara iSa karanA hai vaha cAritra ko naSTa karatA hai| jo zramaNa hIna cUNa vAlA hokara bhI "maiM zramaNa hU~' se abhimAnaza adhika guNI bamaNa se apanI vinaya karAnA cAhatA hai, donoM prakAra na amaNa vinAza ko prApta hote haiM, ve 1. pravacanakhAra tAnIpikAli gAnA - meM 54 taka / . I, gaa| 245 217 ... |

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268 / | AcArya amRtacandra vyaktitva evaM kartRca anaMta saMsArI bhI hai / " aba batalAte haiM jo muni sUtrajJAtA, zAMta pariNAmI tathA tapasvI bhI hai parantu vaha yadi laukika janoM kA saMparka nahIM chor3atA to vaha saMyamI nahIM hai| laukika kA lakSaNa spaSTa karate hue batAyA hai ki jo nirmantha dIkSAbArI, saMyamI, tapasvI bhI hai parantu baha laukika kAryoM sahita pravartatA hai. vaha muni bhI laukika hI hai / isa taraha yaha adhikAra bhI samApta huA / Age ukta vibhAga ke caturtha prakaraNa paMcaratna prajJApana adhikAra ko prArambha karate hue sarvaprathama saMsAratattva kA udghATana kiyA hai| vahA~ kahA haiM ki jo bhale hI dravyaliMga se nagnarUpadhArI ho parantu " bastusvarUpa aisA hI hai" aisA askhalita zraddhAnI nahIM hai, vaha saMsAratattva hai, vaha AgAmI paMcaparAvartanoM meM paribhramaNa karegA / punaH mokSatattva kA udghATana karate hue likhA hai ki jo yathArthaM tatvazraddhAnI hone se prazAMtAtmA hai, viparIta AcaraNa se rahita hai, aisA zramaNa saMsAra meM adhika kAla taka nahIM rahatA arthAt zIghra mokSa ko pAtA hai / aba mokSa tattva ke sAdhanatattva kA bhI abhinaMdana karate haiM ki zuddhopayogI ke hI zramaNapanA, darzana jJAna tathA nirvANa hotA hai / usI ke siddhadazA pragaTatI hai ataH zuddhopayogI sAdhanatatva hai / aMta meM ziSya jana ko zAstra ke phala meM lagAte hue likhA hai ki jo sAkAra anAkAra caryA se yukta vartatA huA pravacanasAra ke upadeza ko jAnatA hai, vaha alpakAla meM hI pravacana ke sArabhUta bhagavAn AtmA ko prApta karanA hai / yahA~ tRtIya zrutaskaMdha caraNAnuyoga sUcita trulikA samApta hotI hai / isa grantha kI TIkA kA vaiziSTya yaha bhI hai ki ukta grantha kI TIkA samApti ke pazcAt TIkAkAra ne eka pariziSTa jor3A hai jisameM "AtmA kauna hai ?" aura "use kaise prApta kiyA jAtA hai ? ina donoM kA uttara sArarUpeNa punaH dete hue likhA hai ki AtmA vAstava meM caitanya sAmAnya se vyApta anaMtadharmA kA adhiSThAtA hai, eka dravya rUpa hai / anaMtadharmoM meM vyApta anaMta nAtmaka bhI hai, tathApi ve anaMta dharma eka zutajJAna se 1. vahIM, gAthA 25 se 267 taka pravacanasAra, tattvapradIpikA gAthA 26 se 270 taka | bahI gAthA 271 me 275 taka /

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kRtiyA~ | | 266 abhivyApta hai, ataH vaha zrutajJAna pramANa rUpa hai tathA svAnubhava dvArA prameva hai / use 47 nayoM dvArA nirUpita kiyA hai| usa AtmA ko syAtkAra mudrA vAle jinendra ke zAsana dvArA prApta karate haiN| upasaMhAra meM TIkAkAra na natha kI vyAkhyA karane kA niSedha karate hue likhA hai ki pravacanasAra kI isa vyAkhyA kA vyAkhyAtA amRtacandrasUri ko batAkara jagajjanoM moha meM mata nAco / syAdvAda vidyA bala se vizuddha jJAna kI kalA dvArA eka zAzvatasamasta svatattva ko prApta karake zrAnaMdarUpa se nAco / TIkAkAra likhate haiM ki caitanya svabhAva kI aisI mahimA hai ki usake samakSa sArA varNava tucchatA ko prApta hotA hai kyoMki isa jagat meM ekamAtra caitanyatattva hI parama zreSTha tatva hai, anya kucha nahIM / isa prakAra sampUrNa tattrapradIpikAvRtti kA pratipAdya hai / ukta viSaya para gaMbhIya dArzanikoM se thA amRtacandra kI vilakSaNa yuktiyoM, tarkoM, nyAyoM, dRSTAntoM, praur3agadyakAvya zailiyoM se maMDita hai aura amRtacandrAcArya ke uccakoTi ke dArzanika jJAna va vyaktitva kI paricAyaka hai| pAThAnusaMdhAna : "tatvapradIpikA TIkA bhI lAttvika, dArzanika tathA gaMbhIranirUpaNa kI dRSTi meM sarvopari evaM apratima hai / " AtmakhyAti" TIkA kI bhAMti isakI bhI tADapatrIya, haptalikhita tathA mudrita pratiyA~ bar3I saMkhyA meM upalabdha hotI haiN| bhArata ke kone-kone meM vidyamAna jaina zAstra bhaNDAroM meM isakI pratiyA~ paryApta mAtrA meM upalabdha haiN| isake bhI deza tathA videza meM kaI prakAzana evaM saMskaraNa nikala cuke haiM / ve saMskaraNa hindI gujarAtI, marAThI, kannar3a, aMgrejI Adi vibhinna bhASAoM meM haiN| isakI tADapatrIya eka pratilipi kannaDa bhASA meM mahArASTra ke kolhApura jile ke bAhubali kumbhoja nAmaka sthAna meM sarasvatI bhaNDAra meM upalabdha hai / isakI kaI mudrita pratiyoM ke pAThoM ko tulanAtmaka dRSTi se avalokana karane para pAThabheda tathA mudraNa viSayaka truTiyA~ milatI haiN| yahA~ mudrita pratiyoM meM tulanA ko jAtI hai| ye pratiyA~ 1664 I. agAsa (gujarAta), 1964 I. sonagar3ha ( saurASTra), 1670 I. mahAvIrajI (rAjasthAna) tathA 1675 I bhAvanagara se prakAzita haiM / inake saMpAdaka kramazaH prophesara e.ena. upAdhye, paM. himmatalAla je. zAha, paM. ajitakumAra zAstrI va ratanacandra mukhtAra tathA paM. himmatalAla je. zAha haiM / tulanAtmaka pAThabheda ke udAharaNa isa prakAra hai -

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/ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRva grA, kaM. agAsa prati sonagar3ha prati, mahAvIrajI prati, bhAvanagara prati 2 eSa eSa eSa: 3 tIrthanAyakaH tIrthanAyakaiH tIthanAyakaH tIrthanAyaka: TIkA hai TIkA hai TIkA mudrita nahIM TIkA haiM 10 mavirodhAcca mavirodhocca mavirodhAcca mavirodhAcca 13 prArthanIyama prArthanIyama prAthanIyam prArthanIyama 15 bimbhitaM viz2ambhita vicambhita vijRmbhita 22 kSayakSaNa eva kSayakSaNa eva kSayakSAge eva kSayakSaNa eva 22 balAdhAna balAdhAna balAdhAna balAdhAna isaprakAra tulanAtmaka vivaraNa meM spaSTa hotA hai ki agAsa, sonagar3ha tathA bhAvanagara kI pratiyoM ke pATha zuddharUpa se mudrita haiM tathA mahAvIrajI kI prati kA pATha zuddha rUpa se mudrita nahIM hai / paramparA : tattvapradIpikA kA meM drazya pahA viSa: zrI saMtAMtika nirUpaNa hai / isameM jJAnatatva jhaMyatatva tathA caraNAnuyoga kA mAmika spaSTIkaraNa huyA hai tathA svAtmopalabdhi kA zreSTha mArga pradazita kiyA gayA hai| isameM bhI pUvAcArya paramparA meM nirUpita siddhAMtoM kA sampoSaNa evaM vyApaka spaSTIkaraNa huA hai / dArzanikatA kA utkarSa, praur3hatA kA paripAka tathA pANDitya kA pradarzana, tInoM yugapat prakaTa hue haiN| tattvapradIpikA kA vyApaka pracAra prasAra tathA usake AdhAra para aneka anya TIkAoM, bhASyoM Adi kI vipulamAtrA meM racanA evaM prakAzana AcArya amRtacandra kI kRti ko mahAnatA ke dyotaka haiM / prAcArya kundazulda dvArA pratipAdita dArzanika siddhAntoM kI paramparA kA pUrNataH nirvAha huA hai / prAcArya amRtacandra ne apane pUrva kI hajAra varSIya paramparA ko pradIpta kara apana pazcAtavartI nakhakoM evaM tatvarasikoM kI AgAmI hajAroM varSoM kI paramparA ko prakAzita kiyA hai / nirUpaNa praNAlI : tulyapradIpikA meM prAcArya amRtacandra ne proDa, dArzanika evaM tAkika praNAlI ko apanAyA haM / samasta nirUpaNa bukti, tarka. grAmamapramANa tathA dRSTAtoM se bhakti hai / nyAyalI meM anumAna ke aMga, pratijJA, hanu, udAharaNa, upanaya tathA nigamana kA vizeSa prayoga kiyA hai| siddhAntoM kI siddhi, sayuktikA paramata khajana tathA ravamala maNDana ke sAtha kI hai| isa TIkA meM

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kRtiyA~ / amRtacandra ne sAhityika nirUpaNa galiyoM ke praur3hatama prayoga kiye haiN| aMna meM svarUpa mAnatA ke sAtha hI TIkA kI samApti kI hai| prAcArya amRtacandra ne apanI anya TIkAkRniyoM kI bhAMti isa TIkA meM bhI aMta meM TIkA ke kAMpane kA niSedha kiyA hai evaM svarUpa magna hone kI ghoSaNA kI hai / yaha vizegatA matabanda kI prAyaH sabhI kRtiyoM meM pAI jAtI hai / imaprakAra isa kRti meM bhI prAcArya amRtavandra ne apanI vipreSa nirupaNa praNAlI kI chApa chor3I hai| grantha vaiziSTya : ukta grantha ke kucha vaiziSTya isaprakAra haiM - 1. aneka laukika-amorika nirUpaNa galiyoM kA prayoga hai| 2. bhASA prauDha, kliSTa tathA durgama hai / 3. saitAlIsa nayoM dvArA AtmA ke anetrAMta svarUpa kI siddhi karanA amRtacandra kI eka apanI hI viNeSatA hai| aisA nirUpaNa anyatra durlabha hai| 4. sarvatra samAsabahala, pracAra pracara tathA vismayotpAdaka vicAradhArA pravAhita hAI hai| siddhAMta-nirUpaNa meM nirbhIkatA evaM dRDhatA kA paricaya prApta hotA hai| cAritra ke sambandha meM ve spAda ghoSaNA karate haiM ki marAgacAntri aniSTa phalavAlA, pAyabaMdha prApti kA hetu. devendra prasurendra-narendra ke vaibhavarUpa kaleza tathA baMdha kA kAraNa hai, ataH heya hai aura vItagA cAritra iNTaphansavAlA. mokSazApti kA hetu, sarvaklezarahita mokSa kA kAraNa hai, ataH upAdeya hai / yaha amRtacandra ko saiddhAMtika dRr3hatA tathA nirbhIka ghoSaNA hai, jo apane mApa meM eka vizeSatA hai| isIprakAra bhopayoga ko virodhI zakti mahila, svakArya karane meM asamartha tathA garama ghI kI bhAMti jalana paidA karane vAlA hone se ya kahA aura gRhopayoga kI virodhI zakti rahita, svakArya karate hoM samartha, nira 'kUla sutra paidA karane vAlA hone se upAya batAyA / unhoMne agubhopayoga ko atyanta heya, zubhopayoga ko heya tathA zuddhopayoga ko eka mAtra upAdeya siddha kiyA hai|' 1. prajananapAra, gAvA 5-6 nokr|| 2. yahI. mA 11--12 /

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302 / zrAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva | tatvapradIpikA TokA tathA usase anuprANita TIkAe evaM TIkAkAra 1. I. 650, TIkA nAma-tattvapradIpikA, TIkAkAra nAma - prA. amRtacandra, bhASA saMskRta jAnakArI, srota - upalabdha | 2. I. 650 - 1065, TI. pravacanasAra saroja bhAskara, TI. nA. - prA. pra. ka. mArtaNDa - 67, jaM. - 3. prabhAcandra, bhASA saMskRta, jA. tro. prA. iti. bhAga 2 pR. 284 | I. 1425, TI. - bhASATIkA, TI. nA. A. malliSeNa, bhASA - tamila, jA. sro. - jai. si. ko. 3300, jai. sA. bR. i. 4 / 150 / I. 12 13 zatI, TI. - bhASA TIkA, TI. nA. su. bAlacandra, bhASA kannar3a, jA. sro. je. sA. vR. 3. 4/150 - / 4. - 9. 5. I. 1243 - 1323 TI. tAtparyavRtti, TI. nA. prA. jayasena, bhASA saMskRta, jA. sro - upalabdha / -- I. 1564 DI. hindI jA. pro. * 6. I. 1520, TI. pravacanasAra prAbhRtavRtti, TI. nA. na. ratnadeva, bhASA - kannar3a, jA. sro. je. sA. va. i. 4/201 -- Tm - - - pratracatasAra do TInA - padmaMdiragajI bhASAje. sA. vR. I. 4:150 | 31 8. I. 1652, TI. pravacanasAra bhASATIkA, TI. nA. paM. hemarAja bhASA - hindI jA. sro. je. si. ko 4/544, jai. sA. vR. i. 4/150 pra. paramAgama pra. pU. - 2. I. 1670 TI. pravacanasAra TIkA, TI. nA. sro. je. sA. vR i. 4/288 10. I. 1672. TI. pravacanasAra bhASA TIkA, TI. nA. paM. jodharAja godIkA, bhASA - hindI jA. sro. je. si. ko 2/345 / - TA - - prajJAta, bhASA 11. I. 1755 67 TI. pravacanasAra chaMda, TI. nA. - kavidevIdayAla, bhASA hindI padya, jA. sro. - jai. si. ko 333 146 / 12. I. 1771 TI. pravacanasAra TI. nA. paM. devIdAsa godhA, bhASA hindI jA. so. - jaM. i. rAja. pU. 156 / 13. I. 1791-148 TI. pravacanasAra paramAgama, TIkA nA. vRndAvana, bhASA - hindI-paya jA. sro. 14. I. 1635 TI. pravacanasAra, TI. nA pro. e. ena. upAdhye bhASA - aMgrejI. jA. so. upa / upalabdha hai / - - - jA. kavi

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kRtiyA~ / 15. I. 1678, TI. - pravacanasAra, TI. nA. - paM. dhanyakumAra bhore, bhASA -- marAThI, jA. sro. - upalabdha / I. 1640 To. - pravacanasAra, TA. nA. -- paM. himmatalAsa je. zAha bhASA -- gujarAtI, jA. sro. -- upalabdha ! 17. I.1.25 TI. - zrI pravacanasAra TIkA, TI. nA. dA. zItalaprasAda bhASA - hindI, jA. stro. - upalabdha / tattvapradIpikA dIkA tathA tadanusArI TIkAoM kI pANDulipiyAM na :- tAr3apatrIya pANDulipiyAM - 1. lipi - 1543, TI. bAlacaMdra, li. vardhamAna seTTi, bhASA - kannar3a, jA. sro. - ka. prA. tA. na. sU. pR. 204 / 2. lipi - 1856.TI. - A. amRtacandra. li. -- badha. bhASA - kannar3a, jA. so .. bAhubali ku bhoja meM | / 3. lipi - To,.......pA. amatanaMdi bhASA - kannar3a, jA. sro. - ka. prA. tA. a. sU. pR. 15 / 4. lipi..."To. - padmanaM di, bhASA - kannar3a, jA. so. - ka. prA, sA. gra. sa. pU. 5" / ba :- kAgaja para pANDulipiyAM - 1. lipi - 1477. TI. - prA. amRtacaMdra. bhASA - saMskRta, jA. sro. - rA. ja. zA. bha. sU. 5:210 / 2. lipi - 1466. TI. - A. jayasena. bhASA - saMskRta, jA. so. - jai. i. rAja. pR. 167 / 3. lipi . 1520, do. - a. ratnadeva, bhASA - kannar3a, jA. sro. - je. sA. na. 3. 4285 / lipi - 1527. TI. - ba. ratnadeva, bhASA - kannar3a, jA. sro. - jai. i. rAja.pU. 56 / 2. lipi - 1548. TI. - paM. prabhAcandra, phApA - kannar3a jA. sro, + rA. ja. bhA. bha. sU.5210 1 6. lipi - 165.0.TI. - prA. amRtacandra, bhASA - saMskRta, jA. so. - ane. jana 41. pra.345 -355 / 5. li| - 16.0.TI. - RzAta. mApA - . sA. 7. i. 4:06H / lipi --- 167, do, - jodharAja gAdIkA, bhASA - hindI. nA. mo.-. . maM. jayagura / na 1164 /

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304 | | gAcArya agunacandra : pakkalva evaM kartRtva 13. 16. liApa 6. lipi - 1683. TI. - paM. dhodharAja jodI kA bhASA - hindI, jA. sro. - ga. ja. zA. bha. sU. 418 / lipi - 1724, TI. paM. jodharAja godI, bhASA - hindI, jA. sro - ane. jUna 41, pR. 346 - 355 / 11. lipi - 1736, TI. - prA. amRtacaMdra, bhASA-saMskRta, jA. sro. . te. ja. meM. jayapura, ve naM. 1183 / 12. lipi -6738 TI. - prA. amRtacaMdra bhASA - saMskRta jA sro. - rA. jai zara. ma sa. 4113 / lipi - 1747, TI. - yA jayasena, bhASA - saMskRta, jA, sro - ane. jana 41 pR. 346 - 355 / 14' lipi - 1771 TI. paM. devIdAsa, bhASA - hindI, jA sro. - te jai. maM. jayapura ve naM. 1165 / 15. lipi - 1778, TI. paM. hemarAja, bhASA - hindI, jA sro, - ane. jana 41 pra. 346 .- 355 / lipi - 1786, TI. - paM. jodharAja, bhASA - hindI, jA. stro. - jai. sA vR. i. 4:237 / lipi - 1870, To - paM vRndAvana, bhASA - hindI, paJca jA. so. rA. jai. mA. bha. sU. 3:42 / 18. lipi - 1876, TI. paM. vRdAvana, bhASA - hindI, padma, jA. sro. - jai zA. bha. mU. 4114 / 16. lipi - 1865. TI. - paM. hemarAja, bhASA - hindIgadya, jA sro - rA jai. rA. zA. bha. sU. 3163 / lipi - 1602 TI - bAlacaMda kannar3a, li. - bhujavali anaMtappA zAstrI, bhASA - hindI, jA. sro. - pravacanasAra pra. pU 103 upAdhye | lipi - TI. paM hemarAja (1652), hindI - bhASA, jA. sro. - rA. je zA. bha. su 3:163 / 22. lipi......"TI. paM. hama rAja, bhASA - hindI, jA sro - rA. ja. zA bha. sU. 342 / lipi"...."TI. A. amRtacaMdra. bhASA - saMskRta, jA. tro. - rA. jai zA, bha. sU. 3:163 / 24. lipi'......"TI. - yA amRtacandra, bhASA - saMskRta, jA. sro.- rA. jai. zA. bha. su. 4:142 / 25.

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kRtiyA~ / sa :- saMgamarmara para utkIrNa lipi : 1. diti - 1650 -75, To. prA. pramutacandra, bhApA - saMskRta, jA. so. -. 'paramAgama maMdira sonagar3ha / tatyapradIpikA evaM tadanusArI TIkAnoM ke upalabdha prakAzana saMskaraNa :-- 1. graM. - zrI pravacanasAra paramAgama, TIkAkAra - vRndAvana, saM. nAtharAma, pra. - ja. hi. kA. bambaI - 1608, bhASA - hindI padma, prathama / 2. graM. - pravacanasAra TIkAzraya, saM. manoharalAla, pra. - rA. ja. zA. mA. agAsa, I. - 1615 bhASA...''prA. saM. hi. pratiA~ - 1000 / / graM. -pravacanasAra. TI. -- . manoharalAla, pra. -rA. jai. zA. mA. baMbaI, 4. graM.-pravacanasAra TIkAzraya saM. - manoharalAla, pra. - rA. jai. zA. mA. bambaI I. 1915 bhASA'.....''prA. saM. hi. pratiyA~ -- 1000 / 5. graM. - zrI pravacanasAra, TIkA....... TI. - na. zItalaprasAda, pra. - mU. ki. kA. sUrata I. 1626, bhASA - hindI, prati. - 1300 / naM. - pravacanasAra tantrapradIpikA, TI. -- pro. e. ena. upAdhye, pra. - rA. ja. zA. mA. agAsa. I. 1935, bhASA - aMgrejI, pratiyA~....... saM. dvitiiy| 17. graM. - pravacanasAra tanvapadI pikA. TI. - pro bAreNDa phar3egAM pra. - ke. yUni. presa. laMdana, I. 1635, bhASA - aNgrejii| pravacanasAra ta vanadIpikA TI. - paM. himmatalAla je. zAha, pra. - di. je. svA. ma. Tra. sonagar3ha, I. 1940, bhASA - gujraatii| 6. maM. - pravacanasAra. TI. - paM. himmatalAla je. nAha. pra. . di. je svA. ma. 6. sonagar3ha, I. 1648, bhASA - gjraatii|| 10. graM--pravacanasAra, TI............ , pra. - pA. di. jaM. gre. mA. mAroTha, I. 1946 bhASA........ | 11. graM - paMcaratnasAra, TI. - pra'. mUlazaMkara nesAI, pra. -- jaM. a. maM. murAdAbAda I 1963. bhASA - hindI / graM - pravacanasAra ta. dI..dI. -- pra. di. jai. vA. ma. da., sonagar3ha, bhASA - hindii| 13. pra. - pravacanasAra navapradIpikA, TI. - pro. e. ena. pAdhye, pra. - rA jaM. zA. mA. agAsaI. 1964. bhApA - aMgrejI, pratiyA~.... ..." saM. nRtIya /

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306 / / prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva 14. graM.-pravacanasAra, TIkAdvaya TI. - paM. ajita ku. ba. ratanacandra, pra - mahAvIrajI, I. 1666, bhASA - hindii| 15. graM. - zrI pravacanasAra paramAgama, TI, .. paM. vRdAvana, pra. - a. du. . ! gra. mA. sonagar3ha, I. 1674, bhASA - hindI padya / 16. graM - pravacanasAra TIkA -. TI. - amRtacandra, jayasena, pra. - vI. sa. pra. Tra, bhAvanagara I. 1975, bhASA - hindI / samaya vyAkhyA paricaya : TIkAtroM ke anta trAdA tadra jI tRtIya kRti "T. vyAkhyA" nAmaka saMskRta gadya TIkA hai / yaha TIkA bhI kunvandAcArya kI prAkRta racanA paMcatthi kAya paMcAstikAya) para praur3ha, dArzanika-saiddhAntikA, mArmika TIkA hai| isakA aparanAma tambapradIpikA nAma bhI upalabdha huA hai, jisakA ullekha hama pahale kara cuke haiN| ukta grantha paMcasthikAya dvitIya zrataskaMdha ke sarvokRSTa mAgama meM parigaNita hai| isake kartA alaukika mahApuruSa haiM: to isake TIkAkAra bhI tadanurUpa mahAsamarthaM AcArya haiN| amRtacandra kI TokAe~ devIya tathA zrutakevalI ke vacana samAna mahattvapUrNa haiN| prastuta TIkA meM TokAkAra ne kuzalatama saMskRta nadyakAvya-zilpI ke rUpa meM sundara zailiyoM tathA prora gadyabhASA meM jainadarzana evaM nyAya ko pradarzita kiyA hai / isa TIkA kI racanA kA uddezya TokAkAra dvArA spaSTa ghoSita kiyA gayA hai ki yaha samya jJAna jyoti ko jAgRta karanevAlI, dvinayAthita samaya dhyAkhyA nAmaka TokA saMkSepa meM kahI jAtI hai / yaha TIkA tattvoM kA parijJAna karAne vAlI tathA prayAtmaka samyagdarzana-jJAtAcAritrarUpa) mArga dvArA kalyANa svampa mokSa prApti kA kAraNa hai / ' isa TIkA meM dravya, paMcAstikAya kA savistAra, satarka, suspaSTa pratipAdana hai / sAtha hI nava padArthoM kA vizeSakara mokSamArga kA parama prAdhyAtmika vivecana haiN| TokAkAra ke amAdhAraNa vyaktitva ke kAraNa yaha TIkA uccakoTi ke gadyakAvya kI vibhapatAnoM se camatvAta haM / siddhAMta tathA adhyAtma donoM ke rasikajanoM ko yaha TokA paramapriya hai / prAcArya amRtacandra kI isa samaya vyAkhyA TokA ke - ..... .5. nara vyApA, pagalAnaraH! mAnA /

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kRtiyA~ / | 307 bAda isa grantha kI anaka TIkAeM racI gaI, parantu ve sabhI TIkAe~ samayavyAkhyA TIkA kI RNo hai, usase anuprANita haiM / yaha TokA samasta TIkAoM meM (siramaura) mukuTamaNi samAna hai / yaha upanyAsa zailI meM likhita, sabhI anumAnAdi se tathA zuddhAtmarasa se prAplAvita TIkA hai|' isakI anakA TIkAe~, aneka saMskaraNa, vibhinna bhASAoM meM tathA daza videza meM vibhinna sthAnoM se prakAzita hue haiM, bhAratavarSa ke aneka zAstrabhaNDAgoM meM kI tAivAya yA kavitA :, paliyA~ bhI maujUda haiN| isake hindI, gujarAtI, marAThI, aMgrejI, kannar3a, romana Adi kaI bhASAoM meM anuvAdita tathA sampAdita prakAzana nikala cuke haiM / isakA eka saMskaraNa iTAlina sampAdaka dvArA sUcanAtmaka bhUmikA ke sAtha romana lipi meM phireMja - iTalI se bhI prakAzita huA hai|' nAmakaraNa : "samaya vyAkhyA" TIkA ke nAmakaraNa kA sarvAdhika pRSTa pramANa TIkAkAra kRta maMgalapadya hai| jisameM sUcanA dI gaI hai ki "samaya vyAkhyA" nAmaka TIkA saMkSepa meM kahI jAtI hai| TIkAkAra ne yaha bhI likhA hai ki "samaya" kI vyAkhyA meM paMcAstikAya, padravya, navapadArtha vAdi tattvoM ko samAhita kiyA jA rahA hai| ataH sampUrNa TIkA meM baNita viSaya eka samaya zabda meM samAhita hona kAraNa isa racI gaI jyAkhyA ko 'samayavyAkhyA" nAma denA sArthaka tathA upayukta hai| tIsare TokAkAra ne TIkAnta meM "ghyAkhyA kRteyaM samayasya zabda:" likhakara "samayasya vyAkhyA" yA 1. upAyArA vidhi TIvA kInI. satra pragamAna guna bhInoM / zabda gahIra artha kari gaharI, davA da anubhana rasa laharI / / dudakuca kA anubhI sArA, diyA dikhAya pragaTa mukhdhaaraa| tAte iha panAtikAyA pragaTa bhayA anubhava sukha pAyA / / 31 // paMcAstikAya (padya) paM. horAnada bA, pR.10 (hastalikhita) lipi saMvat 1816 / / Pancastikayasara by Prof. A. Chakravartiraynar - Preface Page 7. Edition 11, 1975 / samayavyAjA' TokA gaMgalAna raga padya R.| 4. vahIM, gadya a.. 1-2 / 5. vahI, pA. 8 /

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3.8 | [ prAcArya mAna-1 yakintra evaM kana tva samayavyAjhyA nAma kI sUcanA dI hai| isa zrAdhAra meM bhI janaH nAmakaraNa kI mArthakatA Thagana hotI hai| ma TIkA ke do nAmoM kA ullekha aura bhI milatA hai jo bIpikA" tathA "tvapradIpikA" haiN| zrImad rAjacaMdrazAzramAlA ve. eka anya saMskaraNa meM mukhapRSTha para tatvadIpikA tathA prakAzakIya nivedana meM samaya vyAkhyA gaura talvapatI pikAvati ina tInoM nAmoM kA ullekha hai| yadi uparokta tInoM nAmoM meM koI vizeSa vipratipatti pratIta nahIM hotI. tathApi jala tabadIpikA lacA lavapradIpikA donoM nAma pravacanamAra kI TIkA ke lie nirvivAda rUpa se vyavahRta hai tathA TIkAkAra dvArA bhI 'satyavyAkhyA' zabda kA hI prayoga hone se isa TIkA kA ukta nAma adhika sArthaka evaM ucita hai / TIkAkata sva : samayasAra kI prAtmakhyAti tathA pravacana sAra kI tattvapnadIpikA vRtti kI taraha TIkAkAra ne paramArthadRSTi le samaya vyAkhyA TIkA kA kartRtva vastutattya ko sUcita karane kI sAmarthya yukta zabdoM ko hI batAkara, nija ke kartRtva ke vikalpa nA niSedha kiyA tathA apane prApako svarUpagupta amRtacandrasUri vAhA / ukta kathana me hI, vyavahArika dRSTi se vicAra karane para, ukta TIkA ke racayitA bhI prAcArya amRtacandra hI nissaMdeha rUpa se pramANita hote haiN| dUsare, ukta TIkA ke pratyeka adhikAra ke aMta meM prAcArya amRtacandra kA nAmollekha huyA hai tathA "iti samayavyAkhyAyAM zrImadamRtacandrasuri viracitAyAmaMtIMta....... prathama zrutaskaMdhaH smaaptH|" tIsare, TIkAkAra ke pazcAdvartI sabhI prAcAryoM, vidvAnoM tathA lekhakoM ne ukta TIkA ko ekamAtena prAcArya amRtacandra kI hI mAnA, ullekha kiyA tathA pramANa rUpa meM prastuta kiyA hai| isaprakAra samayabhyAkhyA TIkA bhI :: AcArya amRtanandra kI hI kRti hai| 1. (a) tIrthakara mahAvIra aura unakI AcArya paramparA, mAga 2 pR. 417, (ba) panAstikAya : tatvadIpikA (rAjacaMdra granthamAlA-prathama saMskaraNa 1661, ... dvitIya 1672 mukhpRsstt)| 2. (a) jana sAhitya kA itihAsa-bhAga 2, pa. 173, (a) Pancastikayasara-Prof. A. Chakravartinayaner, Edn II, 1975. 3. paMcAritavAya. tattvadIpikA (rAjacaMna mayamAlA, tRtIya saMskaraNa 1679)" - -----

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kRtiyA~ | prAmANikatA : 7 "samayavyAkhyA" TIkA mahAzramaNa-sarvajJa vItarAga jinendra kI vANI se niHsRta prathama zrutaskaMdha tathA dvitIya zutaskaMdha ke hI tAtparya kI prakAzaka hai, ataH mUlagrantha ke samAna hI pramANatA ko prApta hai| kuMdakuMdAcArya ke gAthAsUtroM ke marma kA sUtratAtparyaM darzAkara TIkAkAra ne ukta kRti ko sarvAdhika prAmANika banA diyA hai| nizcaya vyavahAra nayAzrita syAdvAda zailI meM nirUpita, samyagjJAnarUpa nirmala jyoti kI jananIrUpa isa TIkA kI prAmANikatA sarvocca hai / amRtacandra ke paravartI lekhakoM ne mukta kaMTha se ukta TIkA kI prazaMsA kI hai / unhoMne ise ku ku'dAcArya kI vANI kI jyoM kA tyoM bhAvaprakAzinI TIkA likhA hai| sAtha hI amRtacandra ko saptama, aSTama guNasthAnavAlA uccakoTi kA zrAcArya likhA hai / udAharaNa ke lie yahA~ paMcAstikAya grantha kI hindI padyAnuvAdarUparUpa TIkA ke kucha avataraNa prastuta haiM, jisake racayitA paM. hIrAnaMdajI haiM / ve likhate haiM- taba ika pramRtacanda munirAjA, upadhyA janu nija amRta samAjA / yathAjAnapadavI nirabAhI, saptama aSTama guna gravagAhI / / 415 / / syAdvAdavAdI prati nIkA, tAkauM dekhi Anamata phIkA | / tine ku ku damunivAnI, dekhI svapara viveka nizAnI 2017 || kuMdakuMda munirAja ke bacana Apa rasa lIna / P jaina ke taise kahe, anucanda paravIna ||20|| viSayavastu : AcArya amRtacandra ne saMpUrNa graMtha ko pramukha dI zrutaskaMdhoM meM vibhAjita kiyA hai / gAyA 1 se 104 taka prathama zrutaskaMdha hai, jisameM Sadravya tathA paMcArikAya kA nirupaNa hai| dvitIya zrutaskaMdha 105 se 103 gA. taka calatA hai / isameM navapadArtho tathA mokSamArga kA savistAra svarUpa nirUpita hai| prathama tathA dvitIya taskaMdha meM kucha aMtarAdhikAra haiM, jo nimnAnusAra hai // prathama skaMdha meM prathama pIThabaMdha adhikAra hai / isameM paMcAstikAya tathA SadravyoM kA sAmAnya vyAkhyAna hai / zAntrAraMbha meM jinendroM ko bhAvanamaskAra kiyA hai, jisake kucha hetu prastuta kiye haiN| prathama to jinendroM ko zata indra dvArA vaMdanIka kahA aura unakA devAdhidevapanA siddha kiyA 2. qua, yaAZNATI, ET * X?, {U MI Yoo, (ia. 4. (orc)

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315 : AcArya amRtatandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva hai / dUsare unI vANI ko jIva samUha ke lie nirvAdha-vizuddha bAsmatanva kI upalabdhi kA upAya kahane vAlI hitakArI vANI kahA hai ! tIsare paramArtha rasikajanoM ke mana ko haraNa karane vAlI madhura tathA vizada vANI ke upadeSTA jinendroM kA bahumAna kiyA hai| upadeza kI prAmANikatA tathA uddezya ko batAte hue samaya zabda kA artha 'pAgama'' batAyA hai / paMcAstikAya ko hI loka svarUpa nirUpita kiyA hai| samaya zabda ke zabda, jJAna tathA arthasamaya ye tIna prakAra kahe haiN| vahAM paMcAskiAba ke kathana yA zAstrAmha nirUpaNa ko zabdasamaya, mithyAtva ke udaya ke nAza honepara paMcAstikAya ke sambakajJAna ko jJAnasamaya tathA kathana ke nimitta se jJAna meM jAta padArthoM ko arthasamaya kahA hai| arthasamaya ke loka tathA aloka rUpa do bheda kiye haiN| paMcAritakAya kI vizeSa saMjJA, sAmAnya vizeSarUpa astitva tathA kAyatva kA vivecana kiyA hai / ' prasaMgopAla jinendra kathita dravyArthika tathA paryAyAthika ina do prakAra ke nayoM kA sApekSa ullekha kiyA tathA paryAyAthikanayApekSA jise kathaMcit anyamaya kahA, dravyAthika nayApekSA 'usahI ananyamaya kahA hai: kApane ko siddhi hetu unameM aNumahAnapanA siddha kiyaa| kAlAgu ke astitva hai, parantu kAyatva nahIM hai, isako tathA zeSa dravyoM ke astitva va kAyatva ko yuktiyoM dvArA siddha kiyA hai| ukta 5 nAstikAya nathA zeSa dravyoM ke astitva va kAyatva ko bhI yaktiyoM dvArA siddha kiyA hai / astitva kA svarUpa kathana karake sattA aura dravya ko arthAta rapanA mAnane kA khaNDana kiyA hai / ukta nirUpaNa meM sUkSma tathA tIkSaNa takoM kA prayoga kiyA hai / tavya ke tIna lakSaNoM kA spaSTIkaraNa kiyA, jisameM, dravya kA lakSa " sat", "utpAdavyayatrIbya" tathA "guNaparyAya rUpa ina tIna lakSaNoM kA vivecana kriyA hai / prAya naya dRSTi se dravya kA svarUpa darzAyA tathA dravyAthikAnavApekSA dravya ko dhruba tathA utpAda-vyaya rahita likhA aura paryAyAdhikanayApekSA dravya ko utpAda vyaya vAlA hI kahA hai, dhruva nahIM kahA hai / dravya meM paryAya kA kathaMcit abhedapanA aura dravya evaM guNoM meM bhI kathaMcit abhedapanA darzAyA hai / yahA~ dravyAdezavazAt saptabhaMgI nyAya kA kathana karate hue use sarvathApane kA niSedhaka, anekAMta kA dyotaka tathA syAt pada ko kathaMcit arthavAcI avyayarUpa se prayukta likhA hai | Age 1. bhamayamAkhyA TIyA - gA. 1 se 5 tuka / 2. vahI gA. 4 se 15 taka /

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kRtiyA~ / | 311 utpAda meM asat kA prAdurbhAva tathA vinAza meM sat ke vinAza kA nidha kiyA hai / dravya (bhAva), gaNa tathA paryAya ke nirUpaNa meM chaha dravyoM ko bhAva kahA tathA unake guNoM va paryAyoM kI carcA kii| prasaMgavazAt cetanA ke prakAra bhI likhe / bahA~ jJAnAnubhUtirUpa zuddhacetanA, kAryAnubhutirUpa tathA karmaphalAnubhUti rUpa azuddhacetanA itlaaii| caitanya kA anusaraNa karanevAlA upayoga hai / usake savikalpa tathA nivikapa do bheda batAye / pazcAta bhAva kA nAza tathA prabhAva kA utpAda hone kA nirodha kiyaa| avya ke kathaMcita vyaya va nAzapane ko batAkara usake sadeva avinaSTapane aura anutpannapane kI siddhi kI / dhru batA ke pakSa se sA kA adhinAga aura asat kA anutpAda nirUpita kiyA / siddhatva paryAya kI utpatti, asat kI utpatti nahIM hai, yaha bhI spaSTa kiyA / yahA~ prApta, aAgama, samyaka anumAna tathA svAnubhava ina cAra prakAra ke pramANoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai| mukhyagauNa kI vyavasthA dvArA bastu svarUpa ko vyAkhyA kI jAtI hai. vahA~ birodha meM bhI virodha na honA anekAMta kA prasAda hai| - aisA ghoSita kiyA hai / isaprakAra chaha dravyoM kI sAmAnya vivecanA kii| tatpazcAt chaha dravyoM meM pAMca ke astikAyapanA tathA kAla dravya ke astikAya na hone para bhI arthapa nA siddha kiyaa| Age nizcaya vyavahAra kAla kA svarUpa nideza kiyA tathA vyavahAra kAla kA kathaMcit parAzrayapanA aura usakA astitva atitIkSNa dRSTigrAhya likhaa| yahA~ prathama pIThikA baMdhAdhikAra samApta huaa| pazcAt dvitIya adhikAra meM jIvAstikAya kA vizeSa vyAkhyAna karate hue AtmA ko nizcaya-vyavahAra dRSTi se jIba, retayitA, upayogamayI, prabhu, kartA, bhonA batAyA, usake pramANa, amUrta aura karma saMyuktapane kA vivecana kiyA / vahA~ prathama muktAvasthArUpa prAtmA kA nirupAdhi svarUpa darzAkara usake nirupAdhi jJAna, darzana aura mukha kA samarthana kiyaa| sAtha hI aneka yuliyoM se sarvajJa kI sattA siddha kI hai, kintu adhyAtmazAstra hone se ukta prakaraNa kA vizeSa vistAra nahIM kiyA hai| dUsare saMsArI jIvoM ke bhAvaprANa tathA dravyaprANoM kA varNana kiyA hai| prAtmA kA dehapramANapanA iSTAMta dvArA siddha kiyA hai / AtmA kA deha se dehAntara hone 1. samyanyAcyA, TokA gA. 12 se 16 namaH / 3 samagavyAkhyA, bhA 17 se 21 taka / 3. vahI, gA. 16 se 26 taka |

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/ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva para bhI usakA astitva, deha sa bhinnatva aura dehAntara gamana kA kAraNa spaSTa kiyA hai / yahA~ bauddhamata sammata anityapanA aura paMcabhUtamayatA ke siddhAnta kA khaNDana kiyA gayA hai| siddhoM ke jIvatva aura dehamAnatvapane kI siddhi zrI gaI hai| ziddhoM meM kAryakAraNapane kA nirAkaraNa karake, jIva abhAva-spa mukti mAnana kA bhI khaNDama kiyA gayA hai / cetayitA guNa kI vyAkhyA karake upayoga guNa ke aMtargata darzana tathA jJAna bheda kiye haiM / sAmAnyagrAhI darzana tathA vizeSagrAhI jJAna kA kathana karake jJAnopayoga ke 8 bheda ginAye haiN| prArga kramazaH darzanopayoga ke 4 bheda, unake lakSaNa batAkara, AtmA ke aneka jJAnAtmakapa, kA, dravya va guNoM meM paraspara bhinnapanA mAnana meM doSa kA, dravya aura gaNa ke ananyapane kA, SaTkAraka bheda vyavahAra se bhI dradhya meM va guNoM meM anyapanA nahIM ho jAtA - ityAdi kA sayuktika nispaNa kiyA hai / vastu kA svApa dAbhedalA dIyA hai / punaH dravya aura guNa ke arthAnta rakhane meM doSa dikhAte hue yusiddha tathA abusiddha kI bhI carcA kI hai / jJAna tathA jAnI meM samavAya saMbaMdha mAnana kA khaNDana karate hue, "dravya kA guNoM ke sAtha athavA guNoM kA dravya ke sAtha anAdi anaMta sahavartIpanA honA yahI jainoM kA samavAya hai", aisA ghoSita kiyA hai| aMta meM dradhya tathA guNoM ke abhinna padArthapane ke vyAkhyAna kA upasaMhAra karate hue upayoga guNa kA vyAkhyAna pUrNa kiyA hai|' Age, apana bhAvoM ko karate hue jIva anAdi gannata hai ? sAdi sAMta hai ? sAdi anaMta hai ? sAkAra rUpa pariNata hai ? yA tadAkAra rUpa apariNata hai ? ityAdi aMkAyoM kA samAdhAna karate hue jIva meM anAdi anaMta tathA sAdi sAMtapana virodha dikhAI dene kA nirAkaraNa kiyA nai / jIva ke sadbhAva ke uccheda aura sadanAtra ke utpAda meM nimittabhuta nara-nArakAdirUpa nAmakarma kI prakRtiyoM kA udaya hai / joya jha . bhAvoM kI sUcanA dete hue likhA hai ki karmoM ke phaladAnasamarthapana rUpa meM udabhava ko udaya, anUdabhatra ko upazama, udabhava va anadabhava ko kSayopanama, atyanta vizleSaNa ko kSaya, dravya ke ho yAtmalAbha ke hetu ko pariNAma kahate haiM / yahA~ udaya se yukta ko praudayika, upagama se yukta ko gaupamika kSayopalama se yukta ko kSAyopazamizazAya ga dhutta kA zAbina aura pariNAma se yukta ko pAraNAmika ---.. ... 1. bhamayavyAkhyA gA. 274 tayaH / 2, mamagAgA nA.4 " . |

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kRtiyA~ ' | 313 bhAva kahate haiM / " inake kavi kI carcA karate hue yaha spaSTa kiyA hai ki nimittApekSA dravyakarma ko saudayika bhAvoM kA kartA kahA gayA hai| isI prakAra jIvabhAvoM ko svakarma kartA kahA gayA hai, yaha saba vyavahAra kathana hai | nizcaya se jIva jIvabhAvoM ke tathA karma karmapariNAmoM ke apaneapane pariNAma ke kartA haiM / grataH isataraha se jIva karma kA akartA hai / vAstava meM SaTkArakarUpa vyavasthA pratyeka anya meM apanI-apanI (vidyamAna) hone se unheM kArakAntaroM kI apekSA hI nahIM hai| ataH yaha nizcaya karanA cAhie ki na jIva karma kA kartA hai aura na karma jIva kA kartA hai| vahIM yaha zaMkA bhI nirmUla hai ki anya kA diyA huA kala koI anya bhogatA haiN| siddhAMtataH zrAtmA svayaM moha rAgadra pAdi karatA hai tathA usa kAla meM yahA~ avasthita karma svayaM hI karmabhAvarUpa pariNamana karate haiM tathA eka kSetrAvagAha sambandharUpa hote haiM / isa kathana kI puSTi hetu udAharaNa bhI diyA hai ki jisaprakAra apane yogya candra sUrya ke prakAza kI prApti hone para saMdhyA, bAdala, indradhanuSa prabhAmaNDala AdirUpa svayameva anyakartA kI pekSA binA pudgala skaMdha vibhinna pariNAmoM ko karate haiM, usIprakAra yogya jIvapariNAmoM ko prApta kara pudgalavargaNAeM karmarUpa pariNAmoM ko karatI haiN| vyavahAra kathana meM jo paraspara kartA bhoktA yAdi kahA jAtA hai, usase vastusvarUpa meM aMtara nahIM par3atA evaM virodha paidA nahIM hotaa| isa prakAra kartRtva va bhoktatva guNa kA upasaMhAra karate hue prabhutva guNa kA kathana prArambha kiyA / vahA~ likhA hai ki isa prakAra pragaTa prabhutva zakti se jisane kartRtva va bhoktatva ke vyavahAra kA adhikAra grahaNa kiyA hai, aisA AtmA mohAcchAdita tathA viparIta abhiprAya vAlA hone se saMsAra meM hI paribhramaNa karatA hai / vahI AtmA jinopadeza dvArA mArga ko prAptakara upazAMta tathA kSINamohI hotA hai| vaha jJAnAnumArgacArI hokara nirvANapura ko prApta hotA hai / aMta meM jIvadravyAstikAya kA vyAkhyAna samApta karate hue likhA hai ki jIva ke eka, do se lekara dasa taka bheda kiye haiM / inameM karmabaddha saMsArI jIvoM kA chaha dizAoM meM gamana hotA hai tathA mukta jIvoM 1. samayavyAkhyA, gA. 53 se 56 taka / vahIM, gA. 57 se 65 taka / vahI, gA. 66 60 taka |

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314 : [ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kAva kA svAbhAvika-urdhvagamana hotA hai / tRtIyAdhikAra meM pudgaladravyAstivAya kA varNana kiyA hai / prArambha. meM pudagaladravya ke cAra leda ginAye jo kramaza: ekaMdhaparyAya, skaMdhadezaparyAya, skaMdhapradezaparyAya tathA paramANu haiM / inake lakSaNa likhakara skaMdhoM meM pudgala saMjJA siddha kI hai / punaH kaMdhoM ke 6 prakAra kahe haiM jo kramazaH bAdarabAdara, bAdara, bAdarasUkSma, sUkSmavApara, sUkSma aura sUkSmamUkSma haiM / ina ke udAharaNa kramazaH kASTha-pASANAdi, dUdha-ghI-telAdi, chAyA-dhUpAdi, sparza-rasa-gaMdha va zabdAdi, karmavargaNAdi tathA do agu bATe taka skaMdha haiM / paramANu ko avibhAgI, eka pradezI, murtadravya rUpa se avinAzI hone se nitya kahA hai| mUrtatva ke kAraNarUpa, sparza, rasa, gaMdhAdi dvArA prAdeza mAtra se paramANu meM bheda kiyA jAtA hai / aAge zabda ko pudgala drazya kI skaMdha paryAya kahA hai tathA mahAskaMdhoM ke paraspara TakarAne se hI zabdotpatti kahI hai| Age paramANu ke ekapradezIpana tathA guNaparyAyamaya vartane kA kathana kiyA hai| aMta meM sarva pudgala bhedoM kA upasaMhAra karate hue adhyAya samApta kiyA hai / . . caturtha adhikAra meM dharmadravya tathA adharmadravya kA svarUpa nirUpaNa kiyA hai / dharmAstikAya ko amUrta (arthAt sparza-rasa-gaMdha-varNAdi va zabda se rahita), samasta lokAkAzavyApI, akhaMDa, vizAla evaM asaMkhyAta pradezI kahA hai| usakA vizeSa kathana karate hue usake gati detupane ko aSTAMta se spaSTa kiyA hai| grAge adharmadravya ko bhI dharmadravya kI taraha guNoMvAlA kahA, parantu gati hetupane kI jagaha isa sthiti hetupana kA dharma hotA hai / loka-aloka ke vibhAga kA jJAna dharma tathA adharma dravyoM se hI hotA hai / ukta donoM dravyoM ke astitva kI siddhi karate hue likhA ki yadi inheM na mAnA jAya to jIva pudgala ke niraMkuza gati tathA sthiti pariNAma ko rokA nahIM jA sakatA / dravyoM kI gati va sthiti Adi aloka meM bhI sambhava hogI, sAtha hI lokAloka kA vibhAga bhI bhamA ta hogA / yathArtha meM dharmadradhya na to svayaM gamana karatA hai aura na hI anya dravyoM ko gamana karAtA hai, apita gatizIla dravyoM kA udAsIna kAraNa (nimitta) hai / isIprakAra adharmadravya bhI kisI ko rokatA nahIM, apitu rukate hue dravya ko udAsIna hetu hai / 1. samayavyAlyA, gA. 66 ge 13 tatra / 2. vahI, gA. 74 sa 82 tavaH / 3, bahI, gA, - 3 se 85 taka /

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kRtiyA~ / / 315 ukta adhikAra ko samApta karane hue likhA hai ki samasta dravya (jIva va pudgala) apane hI pariNAma se gati tathA apane hI pariNAma se sthiti karate haiN| dharma adharma, gatisthiti ke dhuNya hetu nahIM haiM. mAtra udAsIna hetu haiM / paMcama adhikAra meM prAkAza dayAstikAya kA varNana hai| samastu . dravyoM ke lie avakAzadAna meM nimittahaMtu aAkAza hai. 1. yaha loka maryAdA se... bAhara prayoka meM bhI amaryAdita rUpa se hai / jo AkAza ko gati kA hetu mAnate haiM. unakI mAnyatA kA khaMDana karate hue likhA hai ki yadi AkAza ko . gatihetu mAnA jAve to aloka kI hAni tathA lovA kI vRddhi kA prasaMga pAtA hai / sAtha hI siddha jIvoM kI sthiti lokAMta meM hI hotI hai, isase bhI siddha hai ki prakAza meM gatihetupanA nahIM hai| isaprakAra punaH pUrvoktAH siddhAMta ko duharAte hue adhikAra samApta kiyA hai / 2. SaSTha adhikAra ko tUlikA nAma diyA hai| isameM dravyoM ko murtara amUrta do bhedoM meM vibhAjita karate hue sparza-rasa-gaMdha-varNa ke sadbhAvavAle / dravyoM ko mUrta tathA unake abhAvavAle dravyoM ko amUrta kahA hai| vahAM pudgala dravya mUrta tathA zeSa pA~ca jIva-dharma-adharma-pAkAsa tathA kAla amUrta::: haiN| Age dravyoM meM sakriya va niSkriyapa kA bheda kiyA hai| pradezAMtara prApti ke kAraNarUpa parispaMdana ko kriyA kahA hai / pudgala tathA jIva do.., dravya sakriya tathA zeSa cAra dravya niSkriya haiM / punaH iMdriyagrAhya ko mUrta tathA / usake viparIta ko amUrta kahA hai / isa taraha pUlikA samApta huii| saptama adhikAra hai kAladravyAdhikAra / isameM kAla ke nizcayavyavahAra do bheda kiye / yahA~ samaya nAmaka RmikA paryAya ko vyavahArakAla / tathA usake aAdhArabhUta dravya ko nizcaya kAla kahA hai / kAla ke lie nitya :- ... tathA kSaNika do vibhAgoM dvArA samajhAyA hai / nizcaya kAla ko dravyarUpaH / tathA vyavahArakAla ko paryAyarUpa kahA hai| kAlAdi chahoM padArtha dravyasaMzA ko dhAraNa karate haiM, parantu kAladravya astikAya saMjJA dhAraNa nahIM karatA / .. isa taraha nirUpaNa karake kAla dravya kA kathana samApta kiyA / ' tatpazcAta : prathamazrutaskaMdha kA upasaMhAra kara, ke lie. 103 tathA 104 aMtima do.. 1. samayavyAkhyA, gA. 86 se 26 taka / 2. vahI, gA.60 se 16 taka | 3. vahI, gA. 67 se 6 sabaH / 4. vahI, gA. 100 sa 102 rApha /

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/ prAcArya amana candra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva gAthAoM meM paMcAstikAya ke avabodha kA kAlIduHgloM meM marvathA mukti honA likhA hai| samasta pravacana ko kAla sahita paMcAstikAya kA pratipAdaka batAyA hai, ataH use pravacana kA mAra rahA hai| aMta meM likhA ki jo jIva paMpAstikAya zAstra ke arthabhUta zUddharcatanyavAle nija AtmA ko jAnatA hai, aura usI ke anusaraNa kA prayAsa karatA hai, vaha dRSTimoha ko kSaya karatA humA samyagjJAna jyoti pragaTAtA hai| usake rAga-dveSa prazamita hote haiM / vaha pUrvApara baMdha kA nAza karatA hai aura svasvarUpastha hokara pratApavata vartatA hai| aba paMcAstikAya graMtha kA dvitIya zrutaskaMdha mahAdhikAra prArambha hotA hai| isameM mokSamArga kA savistAra varNana hai / isake bhI bhUmikA sahita nava aMtarAdhikAra haiM, jo kramaza: isaprakAra viSaya vastu ke pratipAdaka haiN| bhUmikA tapA jIvaevArtha vyAkhyAna adhikAra : prathama hI TIkAkAra likhate haiM ki isa zAstra ke prathama zrutaskaMdha meM / buddhimAnajanoM ko vyasvarUpa ke pratipAdana dvArA zuddhAtmatatva kA upadeza diyA gayA hai| aba isa dvitIya zrataskaMdha meM padArtha bheda dvArA upodadhAta pUrvaka usake mArga kA varNana kiyA jAtA hai / vahA~ prApta kI stutipUrvaka pratimA kI hai tathA mokSamArga ko sUcanA kI hai / vaha mokSamArga samyaktva va jJAna yukta hI hai, unase rahita nahIM hai, cAritra sahita hI hotA hai cAritra rahita nahIM, rAga-dveSa rahita hI hai, usa sahita nahIM hai, mokSa kA hI mArga hai baMdha kA nahIM hai, mArga hai, amArga nahIM hai, bhavyoM ko hI hai, abhavyoM ko nahIM hai, labdhabuddhiyoM ko hI hotA hai, alabdhabuddhiyoM ko nahIM tathA kSINakaSAyapane meM hI hotA hai, kaSAya sahitapane meM nhiiN| isaprakAra ina 8 niyamoM yukta hI mokSamArga hai / padArthoM kA zraddhAna samyagdarzana, unakA jJAna samyagjJAna aura samabhAva baha cAritra hai / mUlapadArtha jIva tathA prajIva haiM, unake hI bheda puNya-pApa, prAsrava, saMvara, nirjarA, baMdha tathA mokSa haiM / isa prakAra kula padArtha haiN| inameM jIva do prakAra ke haiM - saMsArI aura siddha / saMsArI jIvoM meM pRthvIkAyika, jalakAyika, agnikAyika, vAyukAyika tathA vanaspatikAyika ye ekendriya jIva haiM / aMDe meM vRddhi pAnevAle evaM garbha meM rahanevAle prANiyoM aura mUrchA prApta manuSyoM kI bhAMti, ekendriya jIva 1. mamayavyAkhyA: gA. 105 se 108 tk|

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kRtiyA~ / HE haiM, ve buddhivyApAra rahita haiM / / sparzana evaM rasanA iMdriyavAle zaMkha, sIpa, kenyA Adi do iMdriya jIva haiN| ukta do ke atirikta prANendriya sahita iMdriyavAle bicchU, khaTamala, gU, cITI Adi tIna iMdriya jIva haiN| ukta tIna ko sAtha cakSu iMdriya yukta machara, makkhI, bhaurA, pataMge prAdi cAra iMdriya jIva haiN| sparzana, rasanA, ghrA, cakSu aura karNa ina pAMca sahita deva, nArakI, manuSya va tiryaMca jo ki jalacArI, dhalacArI tathA nabhacArI hote haiM, ve balavAna paMcendriya jIva haiM / paMcendriyoM meM kucha jIva mana sahita tathA kucha mana rahita hote haiM / eke ndriya ge cAra iMdriya taka mana rahita hI hote haiN| devoM ke cAra nikAya, manuSyoM ke bhogabhUmija va karmabhUmija do bheda, tiryacoM ke aneka prakAra tathA nArakiyoM ke pRthviyoM ke bhedAnusAra bheda hote haiM / gati tathA AyunAmakarma ke udaya se prApta deva manuSya tiryaMca tathA naraka paryAyeM AtmasvabhAvabhuta nahIM haiM, anAtmasvabhAvabhuta haiM / isaprakAra uparokta bhedavAle zarIra meM pravartane vAle deha sahita saMsArI jIva haiM aura deha rahita siddha jIva haiN| saMsArI jIvoM meM bhaya tathA abhaya aise do bheda bhI hote haiN|' apAcya mUga kI bhAMti zuddhAtmasvarUpa kI upalabdhi ko zakti rahita abhavyajIva haiN| Age yaha spaSTa kiyA hai ki uparokta bhedoM dvArA iMdriyAdi kI apekSA jIva saMjJA kahI, use vyavahAra kathana jAnanA, use paramArtha se jIva na mAnanA 1 paramArtha se jIva to caitanyasvabhAva lakSaNavAle hI hote haiM, iMdriyAdi to jar3a haiN| jIvadravya ko chor3akara zeSa pAMca dravyoM meM na pAI jAnevAlI, cetanya ke vivartarUA saMkalpa kI utpatti ke kAraNa sUkha kI abhilASArUpa kriyA, duHkharUpa uga kI kriyA, hita-ahita kI racanArUpa kriyA, ityAdi kriyAoM kA kartA jIva hI hai / prAge jIvavyAkhyAna kA upasaMhAra tathA ajIvavyAkhyAna ke prArambha kI sUcanA dete hue likhA hai ki isa taraha vibhinna bhedoM dvArA jIva ko jAnakara acetanyalakSaNavAle ajIva ko bhI bheda vijJAna kI prasiddhi ke lie jAnanA cAhiye / tatpazcAta ajIva dravya kA vyAkhyAna nAmaka adhikAra meM mAkAza, kAla, pudgala, dharma tathA adharma ko jIva ke guNoM se bhinna hone se acetanapanA kahA hai | acetanapana kA eka hetu yaha bhI batAyA hai ki aAkAzAdi ko 1. mamayanyApA. gA. 108 se 113 taka / 2. vahIM, cA. 114 me 120 / 1. mahI, gA. 121 ta 123 1 /

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/ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartR sukha-duHkhAdi kA jJAna, hita kA prayArA tathA ahita kA bhaya Adi catamyA / pariNAmoM kI prANi haidI sAla meM saMbo meM bhI bhesvarUpa kara kathana kiyA hai / yaha jIva-ajIva kA vAstavika bheda samyagjJAniyoM ke mAtra 'kI prasiddhi ke lie pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai / ' yahA~ ajIva dravyAdhikArI bhI samApta hotA hai| Age sAta bizeSarUpa padArthoM ke kathana ke pUrva upodghAta dvArA yo 'mUlapadArthoM ke saMyogI bhAvoM se niSpanna honevAle jIvakarma tathA pudgala kii| cakra kA varNana kiyA hai / ukta cakra meM saMsArI jIva ke anAdi kardhabaMdha kI | upAdhi ke nimitta se snigdha pariNAma hotA hai, usa pariNAma ke nimitta se pudgala rUpa dravyakarma, unake nimitta se nara-nArakAdi paryAyoM meM gamana, ukta gatiyoM kI prApti se deha, deha he iMdriyA~, iMdriyoM se viSayagrahaNa, viSayagrahaNa | se rAga-dveSa, rAga-dveSa se snigdha pariNAma hotA hai tathA uparokta carA calatA rahatA hai / Age puNya-pApAdhikAra kA nimpaNa kiyA hai / isameM puNya-pApa ke | yogya bhAvoM kA svarUpa nAthana kiyA hai / yahA~ prazata rAga tathA cittaprasAda ko zubhapariNAma aura aprazasta rAga tathA moha-pAdi ko azubhapariNAma batAyA hai / zubhapariNAma pugdha hai pIra azubhAriNAma pApa hai / karma ke phala sukha-duHkha ke kAraNabhUta mUrtavigaya haiM, ve viSaya niyama se mUrta iMdriyoM dvArA jIva bhogatA hai. isalie karma ke mutapane kA anumAna hotA hai / jisaprakAra cUhe kA viSa mUrta hai. usakA phala sUjana-jumbArAdi bhI mUrta hai: usI prakAra karma bhI mUrta haiM, unake phala bhI mUrnA haiM / Age mUrtakamoM kA mUrta se tathA jIva / aura karmoM kA mUrta-amUrta mhApa se baMdha kA prakAra samabhAyA hai| isake bAda prAsrabadArtha adhikAra prArambha hotA hai| prathama hI puNyAtrava kA rvgttH| likhate hue prazastarAga, anukampApariNati aura citta ! kI akaSatA se jIva ko drazya puNyAta hotA h| yahA~ pratyeka kA svarUpa spaSTa karate hae likhA hai ki arhata. siddha tathA sAdhuoM meM bhakti, vyavahAra dharma kriyAoM ke anuSThAna meM bhAvanApradhAna ceSTA aura gurupoM kA rasikarUpa se anugamana karanA prazasta rAga hai| kyoki usakA viSaya prazasta hotA hai| 1. samAjyA, gA. 524 sa 127 taka / 2. vahI, gA. 128 / 3. yahI, gA. 126 114 nk|

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Rtiyo / aisA prazasta rAga sthUlalakSavAle ajJAniyoM meM hotA hai tathA uccabhUmikA meM avasthita na ho pAne se tathA prasthAna kA rAga rokane ke lie athavA tInarAgajvara miTAne ke lie kadAcit jJAniyoM ke bhI ukta prazasta rAga hotA hai|' mukha-pyAsa se dukhI vyakti ko dekhakara dayA-karuNA bhAva honA anukampA hai / krodhAdi cAra kapAyoM ke nimitta se mana meM kSobha paidA honA kalupatA hai / yo pApAtrava ke kAraNoM meM bahuta pramAda yukta caryA kaluSapariNAma, viSayalolupatA, para ko saMtApita karanA aura para ke apavAda karane ko pramukharUpa se ginAyA hai| pApAsava ke bhAvoM kA savistAra kathana karate hue likhA hai ki AhAra, bhaya, maithuna va parigraha ye cAra saMjJAeM, kuruNa, nIla va kApota ye tIna lezyAe~, rAga-dveSa ke prakarSa ke kAraNa iMdriyAdhInapanA, cAra prakAra kA prArtadhyAna (iSTa viyogaja, aniSTa saMyogaja, vedanaja va nidAnaja grArtadhyAna, cAra prakAra kA raudradhyAna hiMsAnaMda, maSAnaMda, cauryAnanda va viSayasaMrakSaNAnanda raudradhyAna}. vyartha ke kAryoM meM lagA hanA jJAna aura moharUA pariNAma ye sabhI bhAva pApAsrava haiM, jo dravyapApAsrava ke nimitta haiM / isaprakAra ApadArtha kA vyAkhyAna samApta hotA hai| __ aba saMvara padArtha vyAkhyAna adhikAra meM pApa do saMvara kA kathana karate hae likhA hai ki bhalI-bhAMti mArga meM rahakara iMdriya, kaSAya aura saMjJAoM kA jitanA nigraha hotA hai. utanA pApAnava rukatA hai / sAmAnyataH saMvara kA svarUpa likhate hue batAyA hai ki jise paradravyoM ke prati moharAga-dveSarUpa bhAva nahIM hai, tathA madhyastha yA samabhAva hai| use zubha-azubha karma kA prAsrabanahIM hotaa| yahA~ zubhAzubha pariNAma ko rojAnA hI bhAva va dravyarUpa puNya tathA pApa saMvara kA pramukha hetu hai aisA spaSTa kiyA hai / ukta vivecana ke sAtha saMvarapadArtha kA vyAkhyAna samApta huA / ' Age nirjarApadArtha ke vyAsthAna meM nirjarA kA svarUpa spaSTa karate hue likhA hai ki zubhAzubha pariNAma ke nirodharUpa saMvara dvArA aura zuddhopayoga dvArA apana ko pariNamAtA humA athavA ina donoM se yukta hotA --- .. ....... . 1. mamayacyAzyA, gA. 135 / 2. vahIM, gA. 136 se 136 tayA / 1. vahIM, mA. 140 / 4. vahIM, gA. 181 se 183 nAka / -.-1 -.-

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320 / [ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva huA, bAraha prakAra ke anazana Adi tapoM kI karane vAlA aneka karmoM kI nirjarA karatA hai / paramArtha me nirjarA kA pramukha hetu dhyAna hai / usa dhyAna kA svarUpa isaprakAra hai ki nija zuddhAtmasvarUpa meM apanI caitanyaparaNati ko sthira karanA vaha yathArtha dhyAna hai / aisA dhyAna hI zreSTha puruSArtha kI siddhi kA upAya hai| aisA dhyAna Aja bhI isa paMca makAla meM hotA hai / use dhyAkara Aja bhI triratna se zuddhajIvAtmadhyAna karake indra tathA laukAntika devapanA pAte haiN| vahA~ se cayakara manuSya hokara nirvANa ko pAte haiM / isa taraha nirjarA padArtha kA vyAkhyAna samApta huaa|' ava baMdha padArtha kA nirUpaNa prArambha karate hAra baMdha kA svarUpa likhate haiN| yadi prAtmA vikArI pariNAma karatA hai tathA udayAgata zubhAzubha bhAva karatA hai. taba vaha gyAtmA una bhAvoM dvArA vividha pudgalakarmA se baddha hotA hai / baMdha ke kAraNa ko batAte hA likhA hai ki yoga ke nimitta se grahaNa hotA hai / rAhaga kI gaI kA jIvapradezoM se kSetrAvagAhI honA / vahA~ yoga ko mana, vacana tathA kAya ina tIna rUpa kahA hai / Age yaha bhI kahA hai ki baMdha kA nimitta bhAva hai tathA bhAva rAga-dveSAdi bhUkta pariNAma hai| ____aMta meM mithyAtva. saMyama, kapAya tathA yoga ina cAra prakAra ke dravyahetuoM ko ATha prakAra ke jJAnAbaraNAdi karmoM ke baMdha kA bahiraMga kAraNa nirUpita kiyA hai| yahA~ rAgAdi pariNAma kA sadbhAva baMdha kA aMtaraMga hetU batAyA hai / isaprakAra caMba padArtha kA nirUpaNa bhI samAta huprA / / ___ aba mokSapadArtha kA vyAkhyAna karate hue bhAvamAkSa kA svarUpa kathana kiyA / pAtraba kA hetu jIva kA mAha-rAgAdi bhAva hai| jJAnI ko usakA abhAva hai, ataH mAnavabhAva kA bhI prabhAva hai| mAnava ke abhAva hone se karma kA abhAva hai nathA karmAbhAva hAna se sabaMjatA, sarvadarzitA, avyAbAdhaiMdriyAtIta anaMta sukha hotA hai. yahI jovanmukti nAmaka bhAvamokSa hai| yaha bhAvamokSa dravyakarmamAkSa kA zetubhUta paramasaMbara kA prakAra hai| grAge dravyakarmamokSa kI hetubhUta paramanirjarA kA kAraNarUpa dhyAna kahate haiN| svabhAva sAhitasAdhU ko darzana-jJAna se sampUrNa aura anyadravya samasaMyukta dhyAna nirjarA kA hetu hai / aMta meM dravyamAna kA svapa kathanakAra prakaraNa ko samApta kiyA 1. 2. 3. rAmayajyAsyA, gA. 144 se 146 taka / vahI, gA. 177 sa 148 naka / vahIM, gA. 146 /

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kRtiyA~ / hai / sarvakarmoM se chuTakArA honA dravyamokSa hai / ' - isake bAda mokSamArga prapaMca sUcikA cUlikA adhikAra prArambha hotA hai| vahIM prathama hI mokSamArga ke svarUpa kA varNana karate hue likhA hai ki jJAnavarzanarUpa jIvasvabhAva hai, usameM niyatarUpa cAritra mokSamArga hai / saMsAriyoM kA cAritra yA prakAra jhotA hai - svasamavartI tathA parasamayavartI / svasamayavartI cAritra mokSa kA mArga hai / parasamayavartI cAritra prAsravabaMdha kA kAraNa hai| svasamayavartI cAritra zuzopayogarUpa hai tathA parasamayavartI cAritra zubhopayogarUpa hai / isakA vizeSa kathana karate hue nizcaya se sAdhya-sAdhana bhAva eka hI dravya meM tathA vyavahAra meM bhinna dravyoM meM nirUpita kiyA hai| vahA~ prarUpaNA apekSA cAritra do prakAra kA kahA / aisI vyavahAraprarUpaNA se virodha utpanna nahIM hotA, kyoMki pAramezvarI tIrthapravartanA ubhayanayAdhIna hai / prAge samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritrarUpa mokSamArga kA kathana nizcaya tathA vyavahAra donoM apekSAoM se kiyA hai / nizcaya vyavahAra mokSamArga meM sAdhya-sAdhanapane kA vyavahAra bhI upacarita hotA hai| jo prAtmA ko AtmA se AcaratA hai, jAnatA hai tathA dekhatA hai; vaha prAtmA hI cAritra hai| mAna hai tathA darzana hai / yathArtha vastusvarUpa tathA mokSamArga kI zraddhA karane. vAlA bhavyajIva mokSamArga ke yogya hai, parantu abhavya usameM zraddhA nahIM karatA huyA usake ayogya hai / prAge kahA ki darzana-jJAna-cAritra yadi alpa bhI parasamayarUpa pravRttiyukta hote haiM, to ve baMdha ke hetu kahe gaye haiN| tAtparya yaha ki varzana-jJAna-cAritra ke sAtha vidyamAna parasamayarUpa pravRtti yA zubharAga hI baMdha kA kAraNa hai, yathArthatA darzana-jJAna-cAritra baMdha ke kAraNa nahIM haiM, mokSa ke hI kAraNa haiN| aAge likhA ki bhakti ko mukti kA kAraNa mAnanA prajJAna hai / arhantAdi kI bhakti se pUNya baMdha hotA hai, karma kA kSaya nahIM hotA hai / ataH jinendrabhaktiviSayaka rAgakaNa bhI heya hI hai, baMdha kA hI kAraNa hai / ukta rAga tyAgane yogya hai, kyoMki arhantAdi kI bhakti rAga binA nahIM hotI, rAga me buddhi kA prasAra hotA hai, buddhiprasAra hone se zubhAzubha karma kA nirodha nahIM hotA hai, isalie yaha sUkSmaprazasta rAga bhI ana,saMtati kA mula rAgarUpa klega kA hI vilAsa hai| ataH samasta --- - . . - 1. samayapAlyA: mA. 150 se 153 taka / 2. kahI, gA, 15 me 161 naka / 3. bahI, gA, 152 se 164 tk|

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322 / / prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva prakAra kA rAga va rAgAMza nAza karane lAyaka hai / yadyapi arhatAdi kI bhakti rUpa rAgapravRtti meM sAkSAt mokSa hetUpane kA abhAva hai. tathApi use paramparA se mokSa hetupane kA sadbhAva kahA gayA hai| Age arhantabhakti ko sAkSAt mokSa kA aMtarAyasvarUpa bhI likhA hai, kyoMki saMyamapradhAna tapasvI bhI zeSa rAgarUpa maleSa se duSita aMtaHkaraNa hotA hayA viSayAviSatrakSa ke Amoda se jahA~ aMtaHkaraNa mohita hotA hai - aise svargaloka ko prAptakara lambe samaya taka sAkSAt mokSa ke aMtarAyarUpa svarga meM rahatA hayA rAgarUpI aMgAroM meM jalatA va duHkhI hotA rahatA hai| ataH samagra zAstra kA tAtparya yaha hai ki sarva hI rAga tyAjya hai / arhantAdi kA rAga bhI candana kI agni samAna aMtardAha hI kA kAraNa samajhakara sAkSAt mokSa ke abhilASI mahAjanoM ko saba kI tarapha kA rAga chor3akara, parama vItarAgI hokara, duHkharUpa saMsAra sAgara ko pArakara, zuddhasvarUpa paramAmRtasamudra meM avagAhana karake, zIghra nirvANa ko pAnA caahie| samasta graMtha kA sAra yahI hai / bahuta vistAra niSprayojana hai / isaprakAra tAtparya do prakAra hai - zAstratAtparya tathA sutratAtparya unameM zAstra tAtparya to vItarAgatA hai tathA sUtratAtparya pratyeka sUtra meM pratipAdita hai / aMta meM mAstratAtparya kA savistAra spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai| vahA~ zraddhaya-azraddheya. zraddhA karanevAle tathA zraddhAna ke jJeya, ajJeya, jJAtA va jJAna ke, AcaraNIya, anAcaraNIya, prAcaraNa karanevAle evaM AcaraNa ke aura kartavya, akartavya, kartA tathA karma ke bhedoM ko samajhakara mohamAla ko kramazaH ukhADakara jIva nirvANa ko prApta hotA hai| uparAMhAra rUpa meM kevala vyavahArAvalaMbI jIva kI truTiyoM kA tathA kevala nizcayAvalaMbI jIva kI truTiyoM kA digdarzana karAkara nizcaya-yavahAra kA samyak samanvita svarUpa nirUpita karake yathArtha mArga kA darzana karAyA hai, jo TIkAkAra kA nijI vaiziSTya hai / zAstrasamApti tathA zAstrakartA kI pratijJApUti kI sUcanA dete hue kahA ki jinamArga kI prabhAvanA hetu bhakti se prerita hokara paMcAstikAya grantha kI racanA kI gaI hai| paMcAstikAya zAstra atisaMkSepa meM samasta vastutatva pratipAdaka hone para bhI, ativistRta prabacana kA sAra hai / TIkAkAra na anya TIkAyoM kI taraha aMta meM dIkA ke kartatva kA niSedha kiyA tathA svarUpagupta amRtacandra ko samaya yAsyA TokA kA aphartA hI ghoSita kiyA hai / / 1. magayacyA yA gA.1.5 se 170 taka / 2. vahI, gA. 2.52 17naka | 2. vahI, pA. 172 tathA pratima kalaza /

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kutiyAM / pAThAnusaMdhAna : samayavyAkhyA TIkA atyanta praur3ha, gambhIra arthayukta tathA mahAn dArzanika kRti hai / aisA pratIta hotA hai ki sarvaprathama dIkA prAtmakhyAti, pazcAta tattvapradIpikA aura tatpazcAt samaya vyAkhyA nAmaka TIkA kI racanA huI hai / samayavyAkhyA TIkA pravacanasAra kI tanvapradIpikA kI sArabhUta kRti hai / ' prAtmakhyAti tathA tattvapradIpikA TIkAoM kI bhA~ti samayavyAkhyA TIkA kA bhI vyApakarUpa meM pracAra evaM prasAra hayA hai| samayavyAkhyA kI anusArI TIkAe~, unakI pANDulipiyoM tathA vibhinna prakAzanoM kI tAlikA se yaha tathya spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki isakA bhI pracAra-prasAra kSetra vyApI evaM kAlavyApI donoM prakAra se huA hai| isakI upalabdha kucha mudrita pratiyoM ke mUlapAThoM ke tulanAtmaka anuzIlana se jJAta huA ki unameM vizeSataH pAThabheda nahIM hai / tulanAtmaka pratiyoM meM prathama prati paM. pannAlAla bAkalIvAla dvArA sampAdita 1615 I. meM bambaI se prakAzita hai / dvitIya prati paM. manoharalAla dvArA saMzodhita 1959 I. meM agAsa se prakAzita hai| tRtIya prati paM. himmatalAla je. zAha dvArA anuvAdita 1965 I. meM sonagar3ha se prakAzita hai, tathA caturtha prati pro. e. cakravartI dvArA anuvAdita 1675 meM dillI se prakAzita hai / inameM prathama prati kA avikala anukaraNa dvitIya prati meM hayA hai / tRtIya prati kA anukaraNa caturtha prati meM yathAvat pAyA jAtA hai / prathama tathA tRtIya prali meM vizeSatA mAtra itanI hai ki grA. 111 kI TIkA ke rUpa meM "pRthvikAyikAdInAM paMtrAnAmekendriyatvaniyamo'yam / " ina zabdoM kA prayoga pAyA jAtA hai, jabaki tRtIya prati meM 111vI gAthA kI TIkA ke rUpa meM eka bhI zabda nahIM pAyA jAtA hai / dUsare, prathama prati meM 173 gAthA kI TIkA ke aMta meM svazakti saMmRcila..." ..." ityAdi aMtima padma dekara "iti samayanyAratyA navapadArtha purassara mokSamArga prapaJcavarNano dvitIyaH zrataskaMdhaH samAptaH" ina zabdoM ke sAtha dIkA samApta hotI hai, jabaki tRtIya prati meM 173vIM gAthA kI TIkA ke aMta meM "iti .........."thunaskaMdhaH .. 'samAptaH" hama mucanA ke pazcAn "svazaktisaMsUcita"......... 1. paMcAritakAya, gA. 173 vI mamamanyAcyA TIkA / 'prabanagazAzaya gArabhUtaM paMcAstikAmabhavahAbhidhAnaM bhagavatmajJopanatvAna sumibhahita nameti / "

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324 / | AcArya amRtacandra : ktitva evaM kartRtva ityAdi padya diyA hai tathA padya ke pazcAt " iti paJcAstikAya saMgrahAbhidhAnasya samayasya vyAkhyA samAptA" ina zabdoM ke sAtha TIkA samApta hotI hai / yadyapi sAmAnyataH cAroM pratiyoM meM mUlapATha ke mudraNa meM koI prakAra kI truTi nahIM AI hai / tathApi tRtIya prati meM zrutaskaMdhavarNana samApti ke pazcAt aMtima padya tathA TIkA samApti kI sUcanA adhika ucita pratIta hotI hai / paramparA : samayavyAkhyA TIkA meM bhI siddhAMta viSayaka gaMbhIra nirUpaNa huA hai / dArzanika tathyoM kA tArkika spaSTIkaraNa tathA SaDdravya, paMcAstikAya evaM sAta tatvoM ke svarUpa kA nidarzana bhI isa kRti meM pAyA jAtA hai / dravyAnuyogaparaka nyAyazailI meM nirUpaNa kI pUrvAcAryokta paramparA kA isa TIkA meM prAnta nirvAha huA hai / yaha TIkA zrAcArya kundakunda kI dArzanika mAnyatAoM kA vivIm evaM saSTIkaraNa karane meM pUrNaka saphala siddha huI hai| sAtha hI sarvatra nayAtmaka nirUpaNa dvArA zAstratAtparya evaM sUtratAtparya donoM abhivyakta hue haiN| isaprakAra isa TIkA dvArA kundakundAcArya kI dArzanika saiddhAntika paramparA bhalIprakAra puSTa huI hai / praNAlI : samayavyAkhyA TIkA meM A. amRtacandra ne sarvatra nyAyazailI tathA nayAtmaka nirUpaNa zailI ko apanAyA hai / nayoM kA yathocita sAmaJjasya tathA nayAbhAsa kA pardAphAza eka sAtha huA hai / praur3hatama arthapragalbhA bhAyA, zreSTha sAhityika zailiyoM kI yojanA tathA samyagjJAna jyoti ko jAgRta karanevAlI padayojanA kA prayoga apane Apa meM anUThA hai / granthaziSTya isa kRti kI kucha vizeSatAeM isaprakAra haiN| isameM 1. vibhinna sAhityika bAliyoM ke prayoga pAye jAte haiM / syAdvAda tathA anekAMta kA yathocita digdarzana karAyA gayA hai | padravya, paMcAstikAya ke nirUpaNa meM paramata kI mAnyatAoM kA tathA saptatattva nirUpaNa meM tayAbhAsiyoM kI mAnyatAoM kA nirAkaraNa pAyA jAtA hai / praur3ha, pariSkRta, camatkAroyAdava bhASA, gaMbhIra, udAra, hitakAraka bhAvoM kA sammilana sarvatra darzanIya hai / 3. 4.

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kRtiyA~ ] [ 325 samaya vyAkhyA TIkA tathA usase anuprANita TokAe~ evaM TIkAkAra : 1. . 650, TI. - sadhyavyAkhyA, TI. nA. - pA. mamRtacandra, bhASA saMmvata jAnakArI srota - upalabdha / I. 180 - 1065, TI. paMcAstikAya TIkA, TI. nA. sA. pabhAcandraSaSTha, bhA, - saskRta, jA. sro.-.si. kA, 3:140 / 3. I. 1128, TI. paMcAmtikAya TIkA, TI. nA. - prA. malliSema, bhA. - tamila, jA. sro. a. si. ko, 3:300 / 4. I. 1140-85, paMcAstikAya TIkA, TI. nA. - maladhArI padmaprana, bhASA - annar3a, jA. srota - ka, prA. tA. a. sU./16 / 5. I.1262 -1323 TI. - paMcAstikAyarIkA, TI. nA. - bahAdeva, bhASA - saMskRta jA. sro. - ba. sA. 7.i. 4158 / 6. I. 1350 li - paMcAstikAya TIkA, TI. nA. - bAlacandra muni, bhASA - kannar3a, jA. sro - jaM. si. ko. 3/64 / 7. I. 1312 - 1380, TI-tAtparyavRtti, TI. nA. -pA, payasena, bhASA - saMskRta, jA. sro - jai. si. ko. 21320 / I. 1477 -66, TI. .... .", TI. nA. - bha. zAnabhUSaNa, bhAvA - ............."". jA. sro - jai. si ko. 2:27., saM. sA i. garolA) 361 rA.paM. sa. vya. ka, 154 / 1633 - 56 do, .... .... TI. nA. - narendra kIrti, bhASA - hindI, rA. jai. saM. vya. ka. 1968 / 10. I. 1643 - 70 TI. bAlAvabodha, TI. nA, - paM. hemarAja, bhASA hindI, jA. kho-jai. si. ko. 3.2, jaiH si. ko 4544 / 11. 1656, TI............', To. nA. - paM. rAjamalla, bhASA - hindI, jA. so - jaM. si. ko, 3414, paMcA.. pra. pR. / (1915) / 12. I. 1661, TI. - paMcAstikAya-samayasAra, TI. nA. - kavi hIrAnaMda, bhASA - hindIpadya, jA. stra - upalabdha / 13. I, 1718, TI. .............", TI, lA, bhaTTArakajJAnacaMda, bhASA - hindI-padya, jA. sro. - ja. si. ko, 21270 / 14. 1764, TI. ............", TI. nA. - kavi vidhicandra, bhASA hindI-padya, jAmro - paMcA, pra. pR.| 15. I. ...........", TI. ...........", TI. paM. nAyarAma, bhASA - hindI-pada, jA. sro - paMcA. pra. pu.

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326 / 16. 8. 17. I. bhASA 3. TP 3. 18. I. - 1834, TI. jA. sro. jaM. si. ko 32 / 16. I. 1884 TI. 20. I.. "TI. ...... .TI. * jA. troko 2448 / 2 hindI padya, jA. sro. TI. 4. lipi | AcArya pramRtacandra vyaktitva evaM kartRva , TI. nA. paM. nemacandra pradhyApaka, paMcA. pra. pU. / a. kAgaja para pANDulipiyA~ : 1. - DI. nA. 1 vIramagAMva, bhASA - hindI jA. sro paMcA pra. pU. TI. , TI. nA- devajita prAcArya. - .. jA. sro- ji. ra ko. vi / pR. 237 / jA. sro. 5. lipi jA. tro. - --------- . TI. nA 21. I. 1875 - 1645, TI. bhASA - hindI jA. pro. sahaja sukha sAdhana mu. pU. zrAgama patha. navambara 76 pR. 74, zItala ja. za. vizeSAMka | '-- samayavyAkhyA TIkA tathA tadanusAMrI TIkAoM kI pANDulipiyA~ : pra. tAr3apatrIya pANDulipiyAM : 1. lipi - 1350 I., TIkAkAra muni bAlacanda, lipi - kannar3a, (mUlabidrI meM ) jAnakArI srota - ka. prA tA. gra. sU. 204 | li. - 1876 I. TI. - savAIjayapuram lipi - kannar3a (kumbhoja) jA. sro. - bAhubali kumbhoja meM upalabdha | 2. li. - ajJAta. TI. maladhArI padmaprabha lipi jA. sro - ka. prA. vA. gra. sU. 16 / jA. sro. - rA. jaM. zA. bhA. 1516. TIkA rA. je. zA. bhA. sU. 5/72 / 1580, TIkA - jaM. sA. vR. i. 48/288 | paM. butrajana, bhASA - hindI, - w Th dosI belasI vIracaMda lipi - 1430, TIkAkAra A. zramRtacandra, lipi jA. sro. rA. je. zA. bhA. sU. 4:41 / lipi - 1476. TIkA prA. amRtacandra bhASA jA. sro- rA. jaM. yA bhA. su. 5/72 / lipi 1484, TokA - prA. amRtacandra bhASA su. 4:41 / 1 .TI. nA. bra. zItalaprasAda, - J bhASA - saMskRta, bhASA kannar3a, (kumbhoja) pA. amRtacandra bhASA prA. amRtacandra, bhASA - - - - saMskRta. saMskRta, saMskRta, saMskRta, saMskRta,

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kRtiyA~ / [ 366 6. liga - 1662, TIkA - paM. hemarAja, bhASA - hindI, jA. sro, - g2a jai. zA. bhA. sU. 3:1811 7. lipi - 1666. TIkA - paM. hemarAja, bhASA - hindI, jA. kho - jaM. mA. na. ra. 4258 / / 8. lipi -- , TIkA - paM. budhajana, bhASA - hindI, jA. sro. - rA jaM. zA. mA. sU. 4:41 / lipi - 1836, TIkA - paM. hIrAnanda, bhASA - hindI, jA. sro.| prAdarzanagara, jypur| 12. lipi -- 1865, TIkA - paM. hemarAja, bhASA - hindI, jA' so. - prAdarzanagara. jypur| 11. lipi - 1873, TIkA - paM. hemarAja, bhASA - hindI, jA. sro. - Adarzanagara, jypur| 12. ni .. 188, ka - prA. rAgRtakA, bhASaH - saMskRta, jA. sro. - rA. je zA- bha. sU. 4:41 / sa. saMgamarmara para uskroNaM : 1. lipi - 1970 - 75, TIkA - amRtacandra, bhASA - saMskRta, jA. sro - paramAgama maMdira, sonagar3ha / samayavyAkhyA evaM tadanusArI TIkAstroM ke prakAzana tathA saMskaraNa : 1. grantha - paMcAstikAya gAthA (phAIba memanITyUDsa), sampAdaka - pI I. pemolinI, prakAzaka - griyaranale DelA so , iTalI I. 1101, bhASA - ca. pratiyA~.... / 2. graM. - paMcAstikAyA, bAlAvabodha, saM. - paM. hemarAja, pra. - rA. ca. jai. a. mA bambaI, I. 1604, bhASA - hindii| 3. paMcAlitavAyA TIvara. saM. - pannAlAla bAkalIvAla, pra- rA. gra mA. bambaI 16.0 6. bhASA - hindii| 4. graM. - paMcAstikAyATIkAtraya, anu- panAlAla bAkalIvAla, saM. - paM.. manoharalAla, pra - rA. ca. je. gra. mA., bambaI, I 1915, bhASA - hindii| 5. paMcAstikAyA TIkA, saM. - udayalAla kAzalIvAla, pra. - rA. ca. jai. . gra. mA bambaI, I 1616, bhASA - hindii| 6. paMcAstikAyasAra, saM.- e. cakravartI, pra. - dI. se. ja. pa. hA. pArA, . I. 1920, bhASA - aNgrejii|

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328 ] [ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM katRtva 7. ga. -- paMcAstikAya (saTIka) anu. - himmatalAla a. zAha. pra - di. jai. svA. maM Tra. sonamaka, i. 1657. bhASA - gujraatii| 8, graM. - paMcAstikAyasAra, TIkA - e cakravartI. pra. - bhA. jJA. pI. / dillI. I. 1675, bhASA - aMgrejI / 6. graM. - paMcAstikAya. TIkA - paM kallApA bharamAppA niTave, pra........" phalaTaNa, I, 1928, bhASA - mraatthii| 10. graM. - paMcAstikAyA. TIkA - paM. himmatalAla ja, zAhU, anu. - paM. parameSTI dAsa, pra. - di. ja. svA. ma. da. sonagar3ha, I. 1665, bhASA - hindii| paMcAcAstikAya. TIkA - ajJAta, pra. - rA ca. gai. gra, mA. pragAsa, I. 1966, bhASA - hindo| samayasAra kalaza dvitIya vibhAga meM prAcArya amRtacandrakRta tIna gadyaTIkAnoM para prakAza DAlA jA cukA hai| ''samayasArakalaza" lekhaka kI svatantra damaulika racanA nahIM hai, apitu prAtmakhyAti gadyaTIkA meM bIca-bIca meM prAgata padyoM kA saMgraha hai| maulika kRti na hone para bhI prAcArya amRtacandra ke asAdhAraNa vyaktitva evaM kavitva zakti se anuprANita hone ke kAraNa isakA maulika scanA kI bhAMti samAdara hai| prAcArya kundakunda ke samayaprAbhUta kI gAthAnoM ke bhAvoM kI hI kramabaddha prakAzaka hone ke kAraNa ise padyaTIkA ke rUpa meM vyavahRta kiyA hai| ina padyoM meM mUlagAthAoM tathA TIkAyoM kA sAra samAhita hai| kalaza prAtmAnubhavarUpa amRtarasa se paripUrNa tathA jaina-adhyAtma ke navanIta ke ghaTa svarUpa haiN| inameM alaMkAroM kI adabhuta chaTA, chaMdoM kA rasAnukUlaprayoga, prasAda-mAdhurya Adi guNoM kA prasphuTana tathA aMtarmukhakavIndra kI asAdhAraNa kAvyapratibhA kI abhivyakti huI hai| inake rasAsvAda se bhavya sahRdaya rasikoM ko paramAnanda kI anubhUti prApta hotI hai / vAstava meM inheM jaina adhyAtma aura lekhaka kI alaukika vitatA kA nispaMda kahanA ucita hai / jisaprakAra maMdira kI zobhA tathA mahimA zikharastha svarNakalazoM se vizeSataH vRddhigata huI hai| ina padyoM kI prasiddhi adhyAtma ke adhyetAnoM ke bIca amRtakalazoM ke rUpa meM hai / TIkAkAra ne adhyAtmarUpa zrutasAgara kA sthAvAdanayarUpa mathAnI se maMthana karake jo navanIta prApta kiyA, use hI ina kAsyakalazoM dvArA abhivyakta kiyA hai| isa racanA meM prAcArya ke siddhAntapAraMgatva ke darzana hote haiM / nyAya, tarka, vyAkaraNa, sAhityika prakhara

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kRtiyA~ | | 26 vidvatA zrAdi ke darzana bhI pada-pada para hote haiM / saMskRta bhASA kA sAdhAraNa pAThaka bhI ina kalazoM meM nihita AnaMda va zAMtarasa kA rasAsvAdana kara sakatA hai| isa para racita vibhinna TIkAoM tathA bhASyoM ke nAma mAtra isakI mahimA ke udghoSaka hai / paramAdhyAtmataraMgiNI TIkA, adhyAtma amRtakalaza TIkA amRtajyoti TIkA, kalazAgIta yA nijAmRtapAna (padyAnuvAda)... ityAdi isake udAharaNa haiM / samayasArakalaza para abhI taka bhASAoM meM gadya tathA padya meM, vibhinna vidvAnoM kI TIkAoM kA prakAzana ho cukA hai| isakI pratiprAcIna hastalikhita pratiyAM bhI bhArata ke anekoM sthAnoM ke jinamandiroM tathA zAstra bhaNDAroM meM vidyamAna haiM / tApIya tathA kapar3e para bhI kalApUrNa DhaMga se samayasAra kalazoM ko likhakara surakSita rakhA jAnA ukta graMtha kI mahimA kA pramANa hai / P amRtacandra ke paravartI aneka zrAcAryo vidvAnoM tathA lekhakoM ne apanI kRtiyoM, TIkAoM Adi meM sarvazreSTha pramANa ke rUpa meM ina kalazoM ko udhRta kiyA hai / ukta samayasAra kalaza rakhanA ke paricaya meM vidvAnoM ne muktaka pracaMsA kI hai tathA sagarva gauravagAthA gAI hai| paM. gajAgharalAla kA anubhava hai ki AtmakhyAti TIkA kI zobhA isa grantha binA nahIM ho sakatI / samayasAra va usakI TIkA par3hane para bhI jabataka samayasArakalazoM ko nahIM par3hA jAtA hai, taba taka pUrNarUpa se AtmA kA anupama Ananda nahIM AtA hai| paM. phUlacanda zAstrI ke zabda bhI tathya prakAzaka haiM / ve likhate hai kalAkAvyoM kI racanA prasannabhavyajIvoM ke hRdayarUpI kumuda ko vikasita karanevAlI caMdrikA ke samAna unakI manohAriNI zailI kA supariNAma hai| yaha pramRta kA nirbhara hai aura ise nirbharita karanevAle candropama AcArya amRtacandra haiM / 2 nAmakaraNa : grantha ke ukta nAmakaraNa ke sambandha meM lekhaka kI ora se kahIM koI saMketa nahIM milatA, isase spaSTa hai ki ukta padyoM kA saMkalana evaM unakA "samayasArakalaza nAma pazcAdvartI lekhakoM dvArA pradatta hai / yahA~ " nAmakaraNa " kA kartA kauna hai ? kaba nAmakaraNa huA hai ? ina praznoM kI apekSA nAmakaraNa kitanA sArthaka hai ? yaha adhika mahatvapUrNa prazna hai, ataH " 1. paramAyAtmataraMgiNI - pra. pU. prathama | 2. samayasArakalaza prastAvanA pR. 6 / -

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| prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva / nAmakaraNa kI sArthakatA para vicAra kiyA jAtA hai / prathama to jisaprakAra maMdira kI zobhA kalazoM se vizehotI hai, usakAra samayasArarUpa maMdira kI zobhA amRtacandrAcArya kRta padyoM se vizeSa hai, ataH ukta padoM kI kalaza saMjJA sArthaka hai| dUsare jisaprakAra kalazoM (ghar3oM) meM jala Adi bharakara rakhA jAtA hai tathA unake jala se pipAsujanoM kI pyAsa miTatI hai / usIprakAra TIkAkArakRta padyoM meM samayasAra kI gAthAoM kA tathyAmRta bharA hai, jisase saMsAratApa se saMtapta, atIndriya adhyAtma rasa ke pyAse bhavyajIvoM ko unata padyoM meM paramAnandarUpa amRtarasa kI prApti hotI hai; aura ve prAtmIya Ananda aura nirAkUla zAMti kA anubhava karate haiM, ata: uktapadyoM kI kalaza saMjJA ucita pratIta hotI hai| tIsare - pANDe rAjamalla dvArA likhita TIkA kA nAma bhI "samayasArakalaza bAlabodha TIkA'' hai / yaha TIkA 'kalaza" pada kA ullekha karanevAlI TIkAtroM meM sarvAdhika prAcIna hai| pazcAta paM0 banArasIdAsa ne bhI ukta kRti ko 'samayasArakalaza' nAma se ellitrita kiyA hai|' isaprakAra pravRta nAma "samayasArakalaza' ukta racanA kA sArthaka evaM cirapracalita nAma hai / kartRtva : "samayasArakalaza" TIkA ke kartA prAcArya amRtacandrahI hai| isameM vipratipatti ke lie jarA bhI sambhAvanA nahIM hai, kyoMki prathama no be padya AtmanyAti TIkA meM bIca-bIca meM TIkAMza ke sAra ko punaH pradarzita karate haiM / dusare ukta padyoM meM prAcArya amRtacandra kA nAma do bAra prayukta humA hai / yathA "udita amRtacandrajyotiretatsamantAt / tathA 'svarUpa guptabhya na kicidasti kartavyamevAmRtacaMdrasUreH' ina donoM padyoM meM pramutrandra kA nAma yAyA hai, ataH ukta TIkA ke kartA prakRta prAcArya hI hai, yaha samasta lekhakoM, vidvAnoM. rAukoM Adi dvArA ekamatena sarvamAnya tathya hai / astu / prAmANikatA : samayasArakalaza kI prAmANikatA sarvocca tathA sarvamAnya hai / yaha bAta hama prAtmakhyAti TIkA kI prAmANikatA ke sambandha meM prakAza DAlate 1. samavasArakAnaza'' ati nIkA, rAjamalli sugama yaha TIkA ||2|| (samayasAra nATaka-IDara ko prazi kA aMtima aMza) / 2. samayasArakalaza kra. 276 / 3. vahI, kalaza ka, 278 /

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kRtiyAM / samaya spaSTa kara cuke haiN| samayasArakalaza kA pratyeka padya anekAMta tathA vyAvAda zailI kA prakAzaka, jainasiddhAMta va adhyAtma kA modghATaka hai / unako samagra kRli zutakevAlavANI tunya prabhANatA ko prApta hai / ise jainoM kI adhyAtmagItA kahanA ucita hai / kundakunda kI gAthAoM ke mUlabhAvoM kA dohana karake ho TIkAkAra ne jyoM kA tyoM atha kalazarUpa kAvyoM ke mAdhyama se punaH abhivyakta kiyA hai| ataH unakI prAmANikatA nimsaMdeha hai / unake paravartI samasta vidvAnoM, AcAryoM ne amRtacandra ke ukta kalazoM ko pramANarUpa meM prastuta bAra meM gaurava kA anubhava kiyA hai / ina kalazoM kA sarvAdhika pracAra-prasAra. prakAzana va lekhana Adi se bhI isa kRti kI lokapriyatA tathA prAmANikatA siddha hotI hai / viSayavastu : AtmakhyAti TIkA kI taraha ise bhI 12 adhikAroM meM bAMTA gayA hai, jo kramazaH jIva, ajIva, kartAkarma, 'puNyapApa, Asrava, saMghara, nirjarA, baMdha, mokSa, sarvavizuddhajJAna, sthAvAda tathA sAdhyasAdhaka adhikAra haiM / kula padya muMgyA 278 hai / ina adhikAroM se pratipAdya viSayavastu saMkSepa meM isaprakAra hai| 1. jIvAdhikAra : prathama hI maMgalAcaraNa meM svAnubhUni meM prakaTa hone vAle zuddhAtmA ko namaH kAra karake anaMladharmAtmaka tatvoM ko pratyakSa karane vAlI anekAMtasvarUpa mUrti-jinavANI ke jayavaMta pravartana kI bhAvanA vyakta kI / grantha racanA kA phala nirUpita karate hue likhA hai ki samayamAra vyAkhyA dvArA zuddhaparaNati ko prApti ho / ukta prApti unheM hI hotI hai, jo nizcaya-vyabahAra nayoM ke virodha ko miTAkara yAtapada aMkina jina bacanoM meM ramaNa karate haiN| grAge vyavahAranaya kI kathaMcita upayogitA batAte hae ume prathama avasthA meM sthita janoM ko haptAvalaMbana samAna kahA hai, parantu caitanyacamatkAra mAtra padArtha ko dekhane vAloM ke lie vyavahAranaya kucha bhI upayogI nahIM hai / navatanvoM meM vyApta eka pUrNajJAnadhanamvarUpa prAtmA kA svarUpadarzana hI samyagdarzana hai| guddhanaba se dekhane para vaha aAtmA eka cananyajyoti svarUpa hI prakAzita hotA hai / pratikSaNa usa pAtmajyoti ko dekhane se prAtmadarzana hotA hai| Atmadarzana yA prAtmAnubhava ke kAla meM naya, pramANa, nikSepa prAdi ke samasta vikAsa mamApta ho jAte haiN| eka mAtra AtmA advaitarUpa se bhAsita hotA hai / prAtmA kA svabhAva paradravya tathA unake bhAvoM se bhinna hai,

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332 / [ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva paripUrNa hai, Adi aMta se rahita hai, eka hai, . saMkalpa-vikalpa-samUha se rahita hai| aisA svabhAva zuddhanaya ke dvArA prakAzita hotA hai / ata: moha ko choDakara grAtmAnubhava karane kI preraNA ko hai|| bAra-bAra usa svarUpAnabhava ke abhyAsa saM svayaM, zAzvatadeva AtmA anubhava me AtA hai| AtmAnubhUti zuddhanayarUpa hai / use hI jJAnAnubhUti kahate haiM / aisI jJAnAnubhUti kI prApti kI preraNA TIkAkAra ne dI hai| prAtmA usIprakAra caitanya se paripUrNa hai, jisaprakAra namaka kI DalI sarvAMga kSArapane se paripUrNa hai| aisA prAtmA mAdhya va sAdhaka do rUpa hone para bhI eka hI upAsanIya hai / prAtmA kI dvividhatA batalAte hae likhate haiM ki darzana-jJAna-vArima tInarUpa hone se AtmA mecakA aura svarUpa kI ekatA ke kAraNa amecaka hai / vaha ametraka arthAt abheda tathA mecaka arthAt bheda anya rUpa: / ataH trirUpatA ko dhAraNa karanavAlI tathA apanI ekatA ko na chor3anevAlI Atmajyoti kA anubhava hI sAdhya kI siddhi kA upAya hai, anya nahIM hai| ujata prakAra se zAtmA kI anubhUti karanavAle nibikArI banate haiM / anAdikAlIna moha ko choDakara jagajjana bhI grAtmararA ke rasikoM ko priya aise bhedavijJAna ko ckheN| usa bhedavijJAna kI prApti ke lie kisI bhI prakAra se, yahAM taka ki marakarake bhI tatva kA kautuhalI hokara mUrtinaH zarIrAdi ko par3osI kI bhAMti anubhava kareM to moha bhI prAtmA ko svayaM hI zIghra chor3a degA / yahA~ ajJAnI prazna karatA hai ki grAnmA aura zarIra eka hI hai, kyoMki tIrthakaroM va prAcAryoM kI "tuti magerAzrita hotI hai| ataH vaha mithyA siddha hogI ? prAcArya kahate haiM tU naya vibhAga kI nahIM jAnatA hai| jinendra kA rUpa svAbhAvika. lAvaNyamI ityAdi hai. isameM adhiSThAtA AtmA kA kucha bhI guNagAma nahIM huA hai, jisaprakAra nagara ke varNana se gajA kA guNavarNana nahIM honA hai| yaha vyavahAra suti mAtra hai. nizcaya tRti meM mo caitanya prAtmA ke guNoM kA tavana hI caitanya kA stajana hai / * isaprakAra nayavibhAga kI yati dvArA aAtmA aura zarIra ke ekatva ko janamala se ukhAinevAle kA jAna natkAla yathArthapane ko prApta hotA hai / aAge kahA ki parabhAva ke tyAga kI dRSTi prAte hI svAnubhUti prakaTa hotI hai / usa anubhUti meM AtmA caitanyarasa' se bhare apane prAtmasvabhAba ko hI anubhava karatA hai tathA anubhava 1. samayasArakalaza - 1 me 20 takaH / 2. samayasArakalaza, 21 se 27 taka /

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kRtiyA~ ] | 333 meM moha se bhinna zuddha caitanya nidhi AtmA hI pAtA hai / isaprakAra ke vicAroM me pravRtti svAtmaniSTha hotI hai| aMta meM bhagavAna AtmA ko jJAnasiMdhU mvarUpa meM mAna hone kI preraNA dete hAra ukta adhikAra samApta hotA hai|' 2. ajIvAdhikAra : __ isa adhikAra meM jIva tathA ajIva kA eka veza meM praveza tathA jJAna dvArA unheM yathArtha jAna lene para veza tyAgakara cale jAne kI sUcanA prArambha meM dI hai / prAya pudgala se bhinna prAtmA kI upalabdhi kA virodha karanevAloM ko TIkAkAra prAcArya zAMtipUrvaka upadeza dete hue likhate haiM ki he bhavya, vyarthaM ke kolAhala ko banda karo, usase kucha bhI lAbha nahIM hai| eka caitanyamAtra vastu ko svayaM nizcala hokara dekho, aisA chaha mAha taka abhyAsa karo to tumheM svayaM jJAta hogA ki tumhAre hI hRdaya sarovara meM pudgala se bhinna prAramA kI prApti hotI hai yA nahIM ? aAge saba parapadArthoM ko chor3akara eka caitanya mAtra ko grahaNa karane kI preraNA kI hai| caitanyamAtra ke sivA zepa samAta bhAva pIlika hai / sparza, rasa, gaMdha, varNAdi tathA rAga-ddhapa-mohAdi sabhI pAtmA se bhinna padArtha haiN| jisapakAra svarNanirmita myAna svarNamaya hotI hai, usI prakAra varNAdi, ekendriyAdi, jIvasamAsAdi sabhI pudgalamaya haiM. aAtmAmaya nahIM haiN| ghI kA ghar3A kahane para bhI ghar3A gho kA kabhI nahIM hotA, isIprakAra varNAdi rUpa jIva hai, aisA kAha para jIva varNarUpa kadApi nahIM hotA / jIva to anAdi anaMta caitanya prakAzamAna hai / jIva kA lakSaNa amUrtatva bhI nahIM hai, kyoMki baha lakSaNa dharma, adharma Adi acetana dravyoM meM pAyA jAtA hai / caitanya hI sarvathA jIva kA nirdoSa lakSaNa hai / usa asAdhAraNa caitanyabhAva ko hI sambadaSTi anubhava karatA hai / samyagdRSTi mAnatA hai ki anAdi ke avivekamayI nRtya meM pudgala hI nAcanevAlA hU~, jIva nahIM; jIva to caitanya dhArA se banA huA hai hai / isaprakAra ajIvAdhikAra samApta hotA hai / 3. kartAkarmAdhikAra : isa adhikAra meM ajJAnI jIva krodhAdi bhAvoM kA kartA AtmA ko mAnate haiM | unakI ukta mAnyatA ko jJAnajyoti dUra karatI hai / jJAnI ko paudgalika karmabaMdhana nahIM hotA hai / dravyakarma tathA bhAbakarma ke kartApana kA 1. 2. samayasArakalA, 28 se 32 tk| vahI, kalama 33 se 45 taka /

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334 ] [ yAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva tyAga karane vAlA prAtmA hI jJAnI haiM / vyApya-vyApaka bhAva ke binA kartAkarma kI siddhi nahIM hotI, ataH jIva karma kA kartA nahIM hai| jJAnI rAgAdi kA bhI hotA hI honA prazAnI bhIko ukta paradravya va parabhAva ke sAtha kartAkarma kI buddhi taba taka banI rahatI hai, jaba taka unheM bhedavijJAna nahIM ho jaataa|' Age kartA, karma tathA kriyA kA lakSaNa likhA hai ki jo pariNamana kare baha kartA hai, jo pariNAma ho, vaha karma hai tathA jo pariNati ho, vaha kriyA hai-ye tInoM vAstava meM vastu svarUpa se bhinna nahIM haiN| eka bastu hI pariNamita hokara eka pariNAma ko karatI hai. eka hI pariNati hotI hai, kyoMki anekarUpa hone para bhI vastu eka hI hai / do dravya eka hokara pariNamita nahIM hote. do dravyoM kA eka pariNAma nahIM hotA, do dravyoM kI eka pariNati kriyA nahIM hotI, kyoMki aneka dravya sadA aneka hI rahate haiM. ve eka nahIM hote / eka dravya ke do kartA nahIM hote, eka dravya ke do karma nahIM hote, eka dravya kI do triyAe~ nahIM hotI, kyoMki eka dravya aneka nahIM hotA / tathApi anAdi kAla se ajJAnI para kA kartA apane ko mAnakara cAroM ora daur3a lagAtA hai / zuddhAtmA ke prAthaya se yadi aAtmA eka bAra bhI jJAnI ho jAtA hai to phira use baMdhana nahIM hotA / sArAMza yaha hai ki yAtmA prAtmabhAva kA tathA para parabhAvoM kA kartA hai| ra ghAsamizrita acchA bhojana khAne vAle pagU kI taraha ajJAnI vo padgala mizrita apane prAtmA kI bhinnatA bhAsita nahIM hotii| mRgatRSNA kI taraha athavA ra-mI meM sarvAbhAsa ke kAraNa bhAgane vAloM kI bhAMti ajJAnI katRtva ke ahaMkAra meM vyartha prAkulita hote haiM / jhAnI para ko jAnatA hai / jJAna kI mahimA hI aisI hai ki usase agni kI uSNatA, pAnI kI zItalatA, caitanyadhAtu tathA krodha kA bheda jAnA jAtA hai| grAtmA apane hI bhAva kA kartA hai, ajJAnI grAtmA bhI parabhAba kA kartA nahIM hai| prAtmA jJAna hai. jJAnamaya hai, jJAna ke sivA kucha kara bhI nahIM sktaa| parabhAvoM kA kartA mAnanA vyavahArI- saMsArI janoM kA moha - ajJAna mAtra hai / punaH ajJAnI kI zaMkA hai ki jIva yadi karma ko nahIM karatA to kauna karatA hai ? uttara meM likhA hai ki pudagaladravya meM apanI svayaM kI pariNamana zakti hai, ataH vaha apane hI bhAva ko kartA hai| isIprakAra jIva kI bhI apanI svayaM kI pariNamana zakti hai, ataH vaha apana 1. samayasAra kanaza, 45 meM 50 tk| 2 vahI, kalaza 51 se 53 taka /

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kRtiyA~ / hI bhASA kA katA hai| mAnA jJAnamaya tathA AmAlI ke ajJAnamaya bhAva hote haiN| kyoMki jJAnI ke bhAva jJAna racita hote haiM, ajJAnI ke ajJAna racita hote haiM / ajJAnI ke bhAva dravyakarma ke baMdha meM nimitta hote haiM / ataH jo nayapanapAta se mukta hokara svarUpa meM mupta(lona) hote haiM; ve vikalpa jAla se rahita hokara sAkSAt amRta kA pAna karate haiM / Age naya bikApoM kA vizeSa spaSTIkaraNa karate hae likhA hai ki baddha, mUDha, rakta. duSTa, kartA, bhoktA, jIva, sUkSma. hetu, kArya, bhAva, eka, sAMta, nitya, vAcya , nAnA, cetya, dRzya, vedya, bhAta (prakAzamAna) ityAdi vyavahAranaya ke vikalpa haiM tathA prabaddha . amUr3ha aAdi nizcayanaya ke vikApa hai| parantu jo tattvajJAnI hai, vaha pakSapAta rahita hokara AtmA ko citsvarUpa anubhavatA hai / * catanyamAtra tejapuMja prAtmA ke anubhava se samasta vikalpa ur3a jAte haiM / ataH yaha spaSTa hAmA ki pakSAtikrAMta hI samayasAra hai| aise samayasAra ke darzana ko hI samyagdarzana tathA samyagjJAna kahate haiM / savikalpa kA kartAkarmapanA kabhI naSTa nahIM hotA / jo karatA hotA hai, vaha jJAtA nahIM hotA; jo jJAtA hotA hai, vaha karatA nahIM hotA / 'karoti triyA' meM 'jJaptikriyA' bhAsita nahIM hotI tathA 'jJaptikriyA meM karoti kriyA' bhAlita nahIM hotii| nizcaya sa na to kartA karma meM hai aura na karma kartA meM hI hai / jJAtA jJAtA meM hai, karma sadA karma meM hI hai-aisI vastu sthiti hai| tathApi nepathya meM moha vega pUrvaka nAtratA hai to nAce / ava karma karmarUpa rahatA hai. jJAna jJAnarUpa / aisA gambhIra - jJAnajyoti kA mahattva hai / yahA~ ukta adhikAra samApta hotA hai| 4 puNyapApa adhikAra : isa adhikAra meM zubha-azubha (puNya-gApa) karma do pAtrarUpa veza dhAraNa karake pAte haiM / jJAna unheM jAna letA hai ki be do nahIM, yathArtha meM eka karmarUpa hI haiN| jisaprakAra kisI zUdrA ke do putra paidA hue hoM, unameM eka brAhmaNa ke yahA~ tathA eka zUdrA ke ghara para palA ho, isalie unameM eka madirA pItA hai, tathApi jAti apekSA to donoM eka hI haiM / hetU, svabhAva, anubhava tathA prAzraya ina cAroM kI sajA abheda hone se karma meM hI nizcaya se bheda nahIM hai / samasta karmoM ko jinandra ne baMdha kA sAdhaka kahA hai, ataH sarva hI 1 samayasAra kalaza, 57 se 67 taka / 2. vahI, kalaza 68 se 86 taka / 3. vahI. kalaza 60 se 16 tk|

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336 / | prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva karmoM kA niSedha kiyA hai. tathA jJAna ko hI mokSa kA kAraNa nirUpita kiyA hai / yahA~ zaMkAkAra kahatA hai ki sabhI zubhAzubha karmoM kA niSedha karane para niSkarma avasthAvAle muni kyA azaraNa hone haiM ? uttara meM kahA hai ki usa samaya jJAna meM hI AcaraNa karate hue una muniyoM ko jJAna hI zaraNa hotA hai / aisA jJAnamvarUpa AtmA hI mokSa kA kAraNa tathA mokSasvarUpa hotA ! hai / ekadravya svabhAvI hone se jJAna ke svabhAva le sadA jJAnabhavana banatA hai, anyadanyasvabhAvI hone se karma ke svabhAva se jJAna bhavana nahIM banatA; ataH vArma mokSa kA kAraNa nahIM hai, apitu mokSakAraNoM kA tirodhAnakartA haiM, isalie nimazoya hai . vahA ki modamAnoM kI samastakarmoM kA parityAga karane kA prayAsa karanA cAhie, kyoMki jaba taka karmoM se virati nahIM hotI, taba taka karma aura jJAna kA ekatritapanA hotA hai. yadyapi usake rahane meM koI virodha nahIM, tathApi aisA jAnanA cAhie ki abajhapana meM jo karma pragaTa hotA hai, vaha baMdha kA hI kAraNa haiM aura eka paramajJAna hI mokSa kA kAraNa hai| jo karmakADa-madhyiA to karate haiM, parantu jJAnamvarUpa AtmA ko nahIM jAnane, ne ajJAna meM ho hae haiM tathA jo jAganaya ne itAcha ka hokara pramAdI evaM svachaMdI haiM. ve bhA pramAda meM ba haiN| parantu ve jIva vizva ke Upara tainate haiM, jo jJAnarUpa hote hue karma nahIM karate tathA pramAda ke vazIbhUta bhI nahIM hote hai| aisI jJAnakalA pragaTa hote hI zubhAzubhakarma apanA bhedarUpa hokara nAcanA baMda karake cale jAte haiN| jJAnakalA kramaza: kevalajJAna jyotirUpa pariNata ho jAtI hai / yahA~ ukta adhikAra samApta hotA hai / 5. prAstravAdhikAra : isa adhikAra meM madonmatta Asrava kA raMgabhUmi meM praveza hotA hai, use jJAnarUpa dhanurdhara jIta letA hai| vaha jJAna udAra, gambhIra tathA mahAnodayavAlA hai| rAga-dara-moha rahita jJAnamaya bhAvoM se bhAvAnava kA prabhAva hotA hai| bhAvAsrayoM ke abhAvavAlA, dravyAnavoM se svabhAvata: bhinna jJAnI. nirAlava hI hai. mAra jJAyaka hai / vaha isalie bhI nirAsrava kahalAtA hai. kyoMki vaha samasta rAma ko heya mAnakara, buddhipUrvaka kA rAga chor3atA hai aura prabuddhipUrNaka ko gaga ko bhI miTAne kA udyama karatA hai| yahA~ zaMkA uThAI hai ki jJAnI ke dravyAsrava vidyamAna hote haiM phira bhI use nirAsrava kyoM kahA? 1. samayamAra kanA, 100 se 108 taka / 2. mahI. kalama 106 meM 112 taka |

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kRtiyA~ / uttara meM kahA hai ki yadyapi pUrNabaddha dravya karma sattA meM rahate haiM. tathApi sarva rAga-dveSa-moha kA abhAva hone se use nirAmaya hI kahA hai / isaprakAra zuddhanaya meM rahakara jo jJAnI sadA ekAgratA kA abhyAsa karate haiM, ve samayasAra ko dekhate haiM / jJAnI bhI zuddhopayoga se haTakara jaba zubhopayogAdi meM pravartate haiM, taba rAgAnusAra baMdha hotA hI hai, isalie jJAnI ko niraMtara zuddhopayoga ke abhyAsa meM lage rahane kA upadeza diyA hai| sarva kathana kA tAtparya yaha hai ki zuddhanaya tyAgane yogya nahIM haiM, kyoMki usake na tyAgane se karmabandha nahIM hotA hai / aMta meM isa adhikAra kA bhI upasaMhAra karate hue jJAna kI ho mahimA kA varNana kiyA hai|' 6. laparAdhikAra : aba raMgabhUmi meM saMvara kA praveza hotA hai| vahA~ samyagjJAna kI mahimA sUcanA kathana kiyA hai| cidamya jJAna tathA jampa gaga meM anyanta bheda karake, meda vijJAna kA pragaTa karake mudita - prasanna hona kI preraNA kI hai / yadi tInapuspArtha dvArA dhArAvAhI jAna na zaddhAramA kA anubhava kiyA jAve to paraparaNati ke nirodha se pragaTa pAnaMdamayI prAtmA hI prApta holA hai| nija prAtmA kI mahimA meM lIna jana hI karma me mukti pAte haiM / saMvara zuddhAtmatatva kI prApti se hotA hai, zuddhAtmA kI prApti bhedavijJAna me hotI hai / isalie bhedavijJAna hI bhAne yogya hai / bheda vijJAna kI bhAvanA taba taka niraMtara karanA cAhie, jaba taka jJAna para se haTa kara mija meM pratiSThita na ho jAve / bhedavijJAna kI mahimA aisI hai ki Aja taka jitane bhI prAtmA siddha hue haiM, ve sabhI bhedavijJAna se siddha hue haiM tathA jitane AtmA abhI taka saMmAra meM baddha haiM, ve saba bhedavijJAna ke prabhAva ke kAraNa baddha hai| aMta meM isa adhikAra kA bhI upasaMhAra karate hAra jJAna kI mahimA kI hai| isaprakAra saMvara bhI raMgabhUmi se calA jAtA hai| 7. nirjarAdhikAra : isa adhikAra meM nirjarA kA praveza tathA jJAna kI mahimA kA kathana kiyA hai / Age likhA hai ki yaha jJAna tathA virAga kI hI mahimA hai, jo 1. samayasAra bAnaga, 15 se 124 taka / 2. baho, kalaza 125 se 131 taka / 3, vahI, kalaza 132 /

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338 / | prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva karmI ko bhIgate hue bhI jJAnI karmoM se nahIM baMdhatA / jJAnI viSayAdika kA sevana karate hue bhI jJAnavaibhava tathA virAgatA kI sAmarthya meM unake phala ko nahIM bhogtaa| samyagdRSTi ke niyama se jJAna tathA vairAgya zakti hotI hai, damI lie baha svarUpa kA grahaNa tathA para kA tyAga karatA hai / yahAM aise jIvoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai, jo sabhya dRSTi to hai nahIM; parantu apane ko samyagdRSTi mAnakara, "maiM baMdha rahita hU~" aisI kalpanA karake abhimAna evaM prasannatA ke sAtha mahAvatAdi kA AcaraNa, samitiyoM kA pAlana bhale hI kareM, parantu ve prAtmA ra tAtmA ke zevagA se mile miyATi hI haiN| aba anAdi kAla se naze meM cUra tathA nidrA se bharapUra ko jagAte hue likhate haiM ki jisa pada meM tUM lIna hai - soyA hai, vaha apada hai, terA pada nahIM hai / terA pada to yaha zuddha, caitanyadhAturUpa, svarama se paripUrNa tathA sthAyI hai / ekamAtra jJAna hI prAtmA kA svapada hai, zeSa sabhI apada haiM / eka mAtra jJAyakasvabhAva ke anubhavarUpa mahAsvAda ko hI prAramA prApta kareM aisA upadeza hai / samasta padArthoM ko pI lene vAlI : nirmala jJAnajyoti svayameva uchalatI hai| vaha bhagavAna prAtmA caitanya ratnAkara tathA jJAnaparyAyampa taraMgoM se taraMgita hai / ataH usa nirAmaya - svasaMvedana grAhya bhagavAna praarm| ko choDakara mahAyata, tapa, tyAga Adi kitanA hI kare; parantu nirAkUla mokSapada kabhI prApta nahIM ho sktaa| prAcArya mArmika sambodhana karate hue likhate haiM ki hai jagajjanoM vaha jJAnarUpa pada karmoM se duHsAdhya hai, use to nija jJAnakalA ke bala se hI prApta karane kA nirantara upAya kro| usakI prApti hone para (arthAt samyagdarzana yA yAtmAnubhUti hone para) prAtmatRSTikAraka, vacana agocara sukha prApta hogA, phira kisI se bhI pUchane kI jarUrata nahIM hogI, kyoMki svayaM vaha cinmAtra ciMtAmaNi ratna hai, vaha samasta prayojanoM kA sAdhaka hone meM jJAnI anya parigraha kA kyA karegA? arthAta jJAnI ko anya parigraha kI jarUrata nahIM hotii|' isaprakAra sAmAnyataH paribaha ko chor3akara vizeSataH usakA tyAga jJAnI karatA hai / pUrvabaddha kadiva ke kAraNa yadi jJAnI upabhoga bhI karatA hai, to bhI rAga ke viyoga ko kAraNa usako parigrahabhAva nahIM hotaa| vedyabhAva tathA vedakabhAva donoM calita hote haiN| isalie jJAnI kucha bhI nahIM cAhatA, sabhI ke prati atyanta 1. samayasAra kalaza, 133 se 144 taka /

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kRtiyAM ] udAsIna hotA hai / jisaprakAra akaSAvita bastra se raMga kA saMyoga nahIM hotA usIprakAra jJAnI rAga se rahita hone ke kAraNa parigraha vo grahaNa nahIM krtaa| vaha to nijarasa se bharapara rAga ke tyAgarUpa svabhAvavAlA hai / vastu kA jo svabhAva hotA hai, vaha usa vastu ke hI prAdhIna hokara vartatA hai, jJAnI kA jJAnasvabhAva hone se baha jJAnarUpa hI vartatA hai, ajJAnarUpa nahIM / isI lie use para ke aparAdha se utpanna baMdhana nahIM hotA / jJAnI ke lie karma karanA to ucita hai hI nhiiN| use paradravya samajhakara bhoganA bhI anucita hai| kyoMki paradravya kA bhoktA cora hotA hai / ataH jJAnI ke icchA hI nahIM hotii| vahA~ icchA binA paradravya kA udayavazAt upabhoga karane se jJAnI ko baMdhana nahIM hotA hai| tIna karmodaya kI paravazatA meM jJAnI karma karatA hai yA nahIM ? ise kauna jAnatA hai ? isa zaMkA ke samAdhAna meM likhA hai ki samyagdRSTi ko hI aisA sAhasa holA hai ki bhayaMkara vajrapAta hone se sArA jagata bhayabhIta hokara calAyamAna ho jAve; parantu jJAnI nirbhaya-ni:zaMka hotA hai, apane ko jJAnazarIrI jAnatA hai| ataH jAnasvabhAva se vyuta nahIM hotA hai / jJAnI ko sAta prakAra ke bhaya nahIM hote, isaloka, paraloka. vedanA, arakSA, agupti, maraNa tathA akasmAt ye 7 prakAra ke bhaya haiM, inakA spaSTa vivecana kiyA gayA hai|' samyagdRSTi ke pUrvabaddha bhaya yAdi prajAtiyoM kA udaya hotA hai, unheM bhogate hae bhI usake niHzaMkAdi ghRNa vidyamAna hote haiM, usase pUrvavaddha karmoM kI nirjarA hI hotI hai| isaprakAra jJAna navIna baMdha ko rokatA huprA jJAnarUpa rasa meM vyApta hokara samasta gaganamaNDala meM vyApaka hokara nRtya karatA hai| isaprakAra sakta prakaraNa pUrNa hotA hai / 8 baMdhAdhikAra : yahA~ baMdha tattva kA praveza hotA hai tathA jJAna use dUra karake pragaTa hotA hai / karmabaMdha kA kAraNa na pudgalakArmANavargaNA se bharA loka hai aura na ho : na-vacana-kAyarUpa yoga cetana-acetana kA ghAta bhI baMdha kA kAraNa nahIM hai, usakA kAraNa to ekamAtra rAgAdi se aikya sthApita karanA hai / jJAnI rAgAdi ko upayogabhUmi meM nahIM lAtA, isalie mAtra jJAnarUpa ----..- .----- 1. samasAra kalaza, 145 se 160 taka / 2. vahI, kalaNa 161 se 166 taraH /

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340 / [ prAcAya amRtacandra vyaktitva evaM kAnutva prazikSita ho| prabaMdhana prApta nahIM hotaa| yahA~ sAbadhAna bhI kiyA gayA hai ki para se baMdha na hone para bhI jJAnI nirargala pravRtti kadApi nahIM karatA / nirargala pravRtti to baMdha hI kA kAraNa hai / ataH pratyeka kathana nayavibhAgapUrvaka ho yathArtha jAnanA cAhiye / jo jAnatA hai| yaha karanA nahIM tathA karatA hai, vaha jAnatA nhiiN| karane kA pariNAma rAga hai, ajJAna bhAvarUpa adhyavasAna hai, baMdha kA kAraNa hai / uksA adhyavasAna mithyASTi ke hotA hai| vAstava meM jIvoM ke gumna-duHkha yAdi sabhI karmodayAnusAra svayameva hote haiN| koI kisI kA vArtA dharma nahIM hai, phira bhI ajAna ke kAraya jIva "maiM para ko sukhI karatA hU~'' aise apavamAna karatA hai / ese adhyavasAna karane vAle jIra ahaMkAra ke rasa se matta haiM, mithyApTihai va AtmaghAtI hai| ukta adhyavasAna gubhAzubhapa hone se zubhAzubha baMdha ke kAraNa hU~ / isaprakAra mithyA adhyavasAnoM ke kAraNa praatm| apane ko mamata padArthoM ne svArA janmaya karatA huA caturgati meM parinamiH hotA hai| adhyanamAna ekamAtra mohakaMda hai, unake kAraNa prajAnI apana ko vizvampa karatA hai| ataH jinaH] prakAra ke adhyavasAna bhAva haiM, ve samasta choDna yogya haiM -- sA jinnadravaboM nA icadA hai| isIlie mama ta prakAra kA vyavahAra bhI lyAjya hI haiM / ekamAtra nija zuddhajJAnaghana prAtmA ko mahimA meM satgurupoM ko sthira honA cAhiye / ' zaMkAkAra kI zaMkA hai ki rAmAdi kA baMdha kA kAraNa kAhA tathA zuddha vatanyamAtra jyoti se bhinna kahA, taba isa rAgAdi kA nimitta AtmA hai yA anya hai ? isake samAdhAna meM kahA ki jimaprakAra sUryakAMta maNi ke agnirUpa pariNamana meM sUrya bimba nimitta hai, usIprakAra rAgAdi ke pariNAma meM paradravya kA saMga hI nimina hai - emA vastu kA svabhAva prakAzamAna hai| aise vastUsvabhAba ko ajJAnI nahIM jAnatA, yataH rAgAdi kA prakartA hotA hai| isa taraha bhalI-bhAMti jAnakara nimita naimittika bhAva ko pahicAnakara samasta rAgAdi bhAvoM ko jar3a se umaait| hamA bhagavAna AtmA sphUrAyamAna hotA hai| bhedajJAnajyoti rAgAdi ke udaya ko vidAraNa karatI haI, rAgAdi ke baMdha ko tatkAla dura karate 6e pragaH hotI hai, jise punaH koI prAvRtta nahIM kara sakatA / isa taraha ukta adhikAra bhI samApta huaa| -- -... .--.-- -.. 1. samayamAra kalaza, 167 se 173 tk| 2. bahI, kalaza 178 me 176 taka /

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kRtiyAM ] [ 341 6. mokSAdhikAra : yahA~ mokSatattva kA praveza tathA jJAna kI mahimA ko prakaTa karate hue likhA hai ki pravINa puruSoM dvArA prajJArUpI tIkSNa chainI sAvadhAnIpUrvaka paTakane para prAtmA aura karmoM ko bhinna kiyA jAtA hai| isa taraha svalakSaNa ke bala se zeSa samasta para ko bhedA jAtA hai tathA kAraka, dharma va guNa bheda hone para bhI vibhusvarUpa catanyabhAva to abheda hI haiM, abheda hI pratIta hotA haiM / yadyapi cetamA eka hI hai, tathApi darzana-jAna apekSA kathaMcit dvitva ko bhI dhAraNa karatI hai / eka cinmaya bhAva dI grAhA hai granga sarvabhAva heya haiN| udAsa cittavAle mokSArthiyoM ko yaha siddhAMta sevana yogya hai ki "maiM to sadA zuddhacaitanyamaya eka paramajyoti ho hU~. anya sabhI mere lie paradravya hai / " Age kahA ki jo paradravya ko grahaNa karatA hai. vaha mArAdhI hai tathA baMdha meM par3atA hai tathA jo svadvya meM saMvRtta hai lIna hai, vaha niraparAdhI hai, vaha baMdhana meM nahIM par3atA hai| apane ko addha citavana karanevAlA bhI aparAdhI hai tathA apane ko zuddha citavana karanevAlA hI niraparAdha hai / yahA~ sukha se baiTe hue prama diyoM ko mokSa kA anAdhikArI kahA hai ! zuddhAtmA kI pUrNopalabdhi taka AtmArUpI staMbha se hI citta ko bAMdha kara rahanA caahie|' jahA~ pratikramaNAdi ko viSakumbha kahA hai, vahAM atikramaNa Adi amRta kaise ho sakate haiM ? arthAt kadApi nahIM ho sakate / ataH pramAda se nIce-nIce kyoM girate ho, sAvadhAna hokara Upara-Upara kyoM nahIM car3hate / kaSAya ke bhAra se bhArI honA pramAda hai| pramAdIpanA azuddha bhAva hai, ataH nijasvabhAva meM sthiratA karake hI muni mukti prApta karate haiM / caitanyAmRta ke pravAha kI mahimA ge zuddha hokara hI prAtmA mukta hotA hai / vahAM jJAna paripUrNa, gambhIra evaM dhIra ho jAtA hai / isa taraha yaha adhikAra bhI samApta hayA / 2 10. sarvavizuddhajJAnAdhikAra : yahA~ prathama hI saba vizuddhajJAna kA praveza hotA hai, jo TaMko kIrNa jAyaka svabhAvI, jAnapUja mahimAvAn hai| jisa taraha AtmA meM kapine kA svabhAva nahIM hai, usItaraha bhoktApane kA bhI svabhAva nahIM hai / prakartA prAtmA ko kartA mAnatA yaha prajJAna kI hI gambhIra mahimA hai / ajJAna ke prabhAva hone para svataH abhoktA svabhAva pratIti meM A jAtA hai / ajJAnI prakRtisvabhAva kA vedara hai, jJAnI nahIM hai| ataH nipuNa puruSoM ko zIghra 1. samayasAra kalaza. 180 se 18 taka | 2. vaho. kalaza 186 me 162 tk|

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[ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva ajJAnIpane kA tyAga karanA cAhie tathA zuddha ekA prAtmateja meM nizcala hokara AtmA kA sevana karanA cAhie / jJAnI karma kA kartA tathA bhoktA nahIM hai, mAtra jAtA hai| ataH vaha to vAstava meM mukta hI hai / jo aAtmA ko kartA mAnate haiM, ve sAmAnyajanoM kI bhAMti muvitta lAbha nahIM karate hai / grAtmA kA samasta paradravyoM se koI sambandha nahIM hai | usameM katala va karmatvA abhAva hone se paradravya kA kartRtva kase ho sakatA hai arthAta nahIM ho sktaa| eka vastu kA anya samasta ke sAtha sambandha kA niSedha hai, isalie vastumada ho na para kartA-karmapanA bhI ghaTita nahIM hotA / jinheM ukta vastusvabhAva kA niyama jAta nahIM hai| ve vecAre prajJAnI hote hue svayaM hI bhAvakarma ke kartA hote haiN| jo kArya hai, vaha akRta (kartA vinA ko) nahIM hai aura do dravyoM kA kiyA huA bhI nahIM hai| yadi karmakRta mAnA jAve to karmoM ke unake bhoktApane kA bhI prasaMga AvegA, ataH bhAvakarma kA kartA jIva hai, karma nahIM / ' koI-koI prAtmadhAto, karma ko hI kartA mAnakara AtmA ke kartRtva ko sarbathA ur3Ate haiM tathA AtmA ko kathaMcit kartA kahane vAlI thuni (jinavANI) ko kopita karate haiM / aise moha / mudrita jJAna ne vAloM ko vastusthiti samajhAI jAtI hai| ahaMta matAnuyAyI ko sAMkhyamata kI taraha prAtmA ko sarvathA akartA nahIM mAnanA cAhie, apitu bhedajJAna hone se pUrva taka use kartA mAnanA caahie| koI kSaNikavAdI (bauddhamatI) prAtmA ko kapita kSaNika mAnakara kA anya tathA bhotratA anya batAte haiM, unake moha kA bhI cetanyacamatkAra apana amRta samUha sa dUra karatA hai| paryAya ke nAza meM nya kA nAza nahIM hotA, ataH koI anya ko kartA, koI anya ko bhAktA bhI mata mAno / RjusUtranaya kA viSayamAtra vartamAna paryAya hai, usa naya ke grahaNa mAtra ma aAtmA ko zuddha va kSaNika mAnanA yathArya nahIM hai| jiyaprakAra mutra meM piroI maNimAlA bhedI nahIM jA sakatI. usIprakAra AtmA meM piroI gaI caitanyarUpa ciMtAmaNi kI mAlA bhI kabhI bhedI nahIM jA sakatI / aisI caitanyamAlA hameM prApta hothe / Aga kahA hai - vyavahArASTa me kA karma bhinna kahe gaye haiM, nizcaya se bastusvarUpa vicArane para ve abheda hI haiM / vAstava meM pariNAma hI karma hai aura pariNAma pariNAmI binA nahIM hotA, isalie pratyeka vastU apana hI pariNAma kI kartA hai| anya bastue~ to bAhara hI loTatI rahatI haiM / bAhara loDhane vAlI vastu anya vastu kA kucha bhI nahIM kara 1. samayasAra kalA. 163 me 204 tuka / 2. vahI, kalaza 2.5 se 16 tk|

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kRtiyA~ / | 343 sktii| eka dravya dUsare dravya kA kartA hai, yaha vyavahAra sa kahate haiM, parantu nizcaya se aisA hai nhiiN| jirAprakAra pRthvI cAMdanI kI nahIM ho jAto, phira bhI pRthvI ko dhavalita karatI rahatI haiM, usIprakAra jJeya jJAna ke nahIM ho jAte, to bhI ve jJAna meM jhalakate haiN| rAga-dveSa koI pRthaka sattAvAle dravya nahIM haiM, jIva ke ajJAna bhAva haiM, tatvadRSTi se ve hI kucha vastu nahIM haiM / tatvadRSTi se hI yaha jAnA jAtA hai ki rAgadveSa kI utpatti ke paradravya kiMcit bhI kAraNa nahIM haiM, kyoMki garva dravyoM kI utpatti gAne svabhA se hI hotI hai| rAga tathA druSa kI utpatti meM paradravya kA kiMcit bhI doSa nahIM hai / paradravya ko doSa denevAle moharUpI nadI ko pAra nahIM karate kyoMki ve zuddhajJAma se rahita aMdha hote haiN| Age ajJAnI ko rAga-dveSamaya honevAlA likhA hai tathA jJAnI ko jJAnasaMcetanA karanevAlA batAyA hai / jJAnasaMcetanA se karmabaMdha nahIM hotA, ajJAnacetanA se karmabaMdha hotA hai| pratikramaNa, AlocanA tathA pratyAkhyAna kApoM kA svarUpa saMkSepa meM isaprakAra kahA hai - moha-ajJAna se bhUtakAla meM kiye karmoM se haTanA caitanyasvarUpa prAtmA meM laganA pratikramaNa hai, vartamAnakAlIna doSoM se hadanA tathA prAtmA meM laganA, vaha AlocanA hai tathA bhaviSyatkAlIna vikalpAtmaka karmoM meM haTanA tathA prAtmA meM laganA, vaha pratyAkhyAna hai / prAge sakalakarma phala saMnyAsa bhAvanA ko nacAkara anaMtakAla taka AnaMdAmRta pIne kI preraNA dI hai / sAtha hI zuddhajJAnadhana kI mahimA ke udita hone kI bho bhAvanA bhAI hai| samasta zaktiyoM ko sameTakara AtmA meM sthira honA hI samasta tyAjya kA tyAga hai tathA samasta grAhya kA grahaNa hai / jAna ke deha tathA karma-nokarmarUpa pAhAra bhI nahIM hotA hai | jJAtA ke lie liMga mokSa kA kAraNa nahIM hai / mumukSayoM ko tambAdarzana-jJAna-cArikarUpa prAtmA hI sevana yogya hai, vahI mokSamArga hai / mokSamArga eka hI hai, ataH jo puruSa usI meM sthiti prApta karatA hai, usIkA dhyAna karatA hai, anubhava tathA sparza karatA hai, usI meM bihAra karatA hai, vaha samayasAra zuddhAtmA ke rUpa) ko prApta karatA hai / jo vyaliMga meM mamatva karate haiM, ve samayasAra ko nahIM jAnate / vyavahAra meM mohita buddhi jana paramArtha ko nahIM jAnate haiM, jaise tuSa ko hI jAnanevAlA taMdUla ko nahIM jAnatA hai / aMta meM TIkAkAra likhate haiM ki adhika kathana karane se kyA --- - - 1. samayamAra kalaza, 210 sa 221 lakaH / 2. vahI, kalaza 226 se 235 taka |

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344 | | AcArya amRtacandra vyaktitva evaM kartRtva prayojana hai ? ekamAtra paramArtha kA hI niraMtara abhyAsa karo, kyoMki samayasAra ucca anya koI bhI padArtha nahIM hai / samayasAra hI jagat ko jAnane vAlA ekamAtra netra hai aisA netra pUrNatA ko prApta ho| isaprakAra ukta adhikAra bhI samApta huA / " 11: syAdvAdAdhikAra : isa adhikAra meM vastutatva kI vyavasthA tathA upAya upaya bhAva ko sughaTita karane hetu punaH vicAra kiyA hai| svAdvAd ko pat jinendrakA (kha) askhalita zAsana kahA hai| isameM svarUpa se utpanA, para se apanA jJAnApekSA ekapanA, jJeyAkAra apekSA anekapanA, svadravyApekSA sattA, paradravyApekSA, sapanA, svakSetrApekSA pratikSaNanA parakSetrApekSA nAnnityapanA, svakAla apekSA astitva parakAla apekSA nAsti, se prarita, parabhAva se nAsti, dravyApekSA nityatva, paryAya apekSA zranityatva isaprakAra 18 bhaMgoM dvArA vizeSa spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai| isa taraha ajJAnI janoM ko anekAMta jJAnamAtra Atma tatva kI prasiddhi karatA hai | anekAMta jinendradeva kA alaMghya zAsana hai- svayaM siddha hai / svabhAva 12. sAdhya sAdhaka adhikAra : isameM AtmA kI aneka zaktiyoM sahita hone para bhI AtmA jJAnamAtramayatA ko nahIM chor3anevAlA likhA hai / ekAMta nahIM arthAt anekAMta saMgata vastu kA svarUpa hai, usakI siddhi svAdvAda dvArA hotI hai / syAdvAda ghanIya jina nIti hai / yahA~ upAya upaya bhAva kA ciMtana karate hue kahA ki ukta jJAnamAtra svarUpa bhUmikA ko pAkara siddhadazA prApta hotI hai, parantu ajJAnI usa bhUmikA ko na pAkara saMsAra meM hI bhaTakate haiN| isataraha syAdvAda kI pravINatA tathA sunizcala saMyama sahita apanI bhAvanA karanevAlA jJAna va vinaya kI paraspara tIvra maitrI kA pAtra hokara jJAnamAtramaya gija bhUmikA ko pAtA hai / aMta meM upasaMhAra karate hue likhA hai ki cipiNDa (anaMtadarzana), zuddhaprakAza (anaMtajJAna), zrAnaMdasusthita ( anaMta sukha) tathA pracalAci (anaMtabIyeM) ko pragaTa karatA huA AtmA udita hotA hai / unake zuddhaprakAza ke samakSa bandha-mokSa sambandhI anya bhAva niSprayojana pratIta 1. samayasAra kalaza, 236 me 245 taka | 2. bahI, kalama 247 se 263 taka | 3. bahI 264 me 267 taka /

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kRtiyA~ : hote haiN| aneka zaktiyoM kA samUha yaha yAtmA nayoM kI dRSTi se khaMDa-vaDa hotA huA nAza ko prApta hotA hai| ataH akhaMDa, eka, zAMta. ekAMta aura attala svarUpI caitanyamAtra teja AtmA hai| prAtmA mecaka-amecaka Adi dikhAI dene para bhI jJAnI usake yathArtha nimaMla jJAna ko nahIM bhltaa| vaha jAna, jeya tathA jJAtA tInoM bhAvasaMyukta mAmAnyavizeSa vastu hai / prAtmA kA anekAMtambarUpa vaibhava adabhuta hai| vibhinna dRSTiyoM se vaha eka-aneka, nitya-anitya. tan-atan hA dikhAI detA hai / vaha paryAya dRSTi se kaSAyoM se malina, dravya dRSTi se mAMti yukta nirmala, nizcaya se mukti ko sparza karatA huA tathA vyavahAra se sAMsArika pIr3A yukta dikhAI detA hai / ata: ekamAtra caitanya camatkAra mAtra hone para bhI AtmA aneka prakAra dikhAI detA hai / ancala cetanArUpa, moha ko nAza karanevAlI jo nirmala pUrNa jyoti hai - aisI 'amRtacandrajyoti' mujhe pragaTa ho| isa taraha AtmA mAtra jJAtAdRSTArUpa hI banA rahatA hai| TIkAkAra ne aMtimapadya meM vyAkhyA karana ke katvamA vikamA kA niSedha kiyA hai tathA svarUpa gupta amRtacandra ko usakA akartA batAyA hai| uparokta samasta pratipAdya vastu prAyaH AtmatyAti TIkA ke hI vistRta bhAvoM ko saMkSepa meM samAhita kiye hue hai| pAThAnusaMdhAna : 'samayasArakalaza' kI TIkAe~ evaM pANDulipiyAM saMkar3oM kI saMkhyA meM vibhinna granthabhaNDAroM meM vidyamAna haiN| isake prakAzana evaM saMskaraNa bhI aneka pragaTa ho cuke haiN| yaha bAta Agana tAlikAnoM se spaSTa hotI hai| prAtmakhyAti TIkA kI apekSA usake padyarUpa samayasAra kalazoM kA pracAra evaM prasAra bahuta huA hai / isakI tADapatrIya. hastalikhita kAgaja evaM kapar3e para upalabdha mUla pATha vibhinna kAloM ke haiM, jisase ukta kRti ke pracAra kI pAravyApI evaM kSetra yApI avicchinnadhArA kA jJAna hotA hai / digambara tathA zvetAmbara donoM meM yaha kRti samAnarUpaNa samAita rahI hai / vibhinna sthAnoM ke zAyabhagatAroM kI khoja se isakI atyanta prAcIna pANDulipiyA~ japalabdha huI / inameM sabase prAcIna pANDulipi I. san 1611 kI upalabdha huI hai| yaha prati jayapura ke bar3e terahapaMthI jaina mandira meM lagabhaga 6 iMca nor3a tathA 51 phuTa lambe kapar3e para donoM tarapha likhita hai / prArambhika kucha 8-10 padya prati ke prAMzika jIrNa-zIrNa ho jAne ke kAraNa spaSTa evaM 1. samayasAra kala za. paJca 268 se 278 taka /

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346 ] | prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM katRtva pUrNataH pATya nahIM hai, zeSa padya sUpAThya haiM / ukta prati ke mUla pATha kA kucha mudrita pratiyoM ke mUla pAThoM se milAna karane para kucha pAThAntara evaM truTiyA~ sAmane AI haiN| ukta kapar3evAlo prati ke atirikta I. san 1995 meM prakAzita prathama gucchaka hai, jo paM. pannAlAla caudharI dvArA sampAdita evaM kAzI se prakAzita hai / dUsare san 1931 meM bra. zItalaprasAda dvArA sampAdita nathA sUrata se prakAzita grantha hai| tIsare san 1666 meM paM. phUlacandra zAstrI dvArA sampAdita tathA sonagar3ha se prakAzita kRti hai tathA cauthe I. 1977 meM paM. jaganmohanalAla zAstrI dvArA sampAdita tathA kaTanI se prakAzita grantha hai| ina sabhI kA upayoga pAThAnusaMdhAna meM hamA hai| yahAM pAThAntara kI jAnakArI hetu tulanAtmaka tAlikA udAhRta hai - kalaza kAzI sUrana sonagar3ha kaTanI kra. 1625 1931 1977 28 prasphuramneka prasphurasneka prasphuTaneka prasphuTanneka 32 pratyAvayat pratyAdayat pratyAyayat pratyAyayat 35 cicchakti - cicchakti - cicchakti - cicchakti - 36 sakalamapi - maumapi - samasAmapi :- kA41 midaM sphuTam mabAdhitam mabAdhitam mabAdhitam 43 bat bata jayapura kI I. 1611 kI kapar3e para likhita prati meM aneka sthaloM para zabda, vAkya evaM paMktiyA~ taka chaTI haiM / kahIM para punaH likhA gayA hai, ataH ukta prati meM atyadhika zruTiyA~ hone ke kAraNa pAThAnusaMdhAna kI dRSTi se usakA mahattva vizeSa nahIM hai / __ isaprakAra tulanAtmaka adhyayana se spaSTa hai ki hasta likhita prati meM lipikAra kI lipi viSayaka truTiyAM bahuta haiM; kintu mudrita pratiyoM meM una vRTiyoM kA yathAsambhava parimArjana hRyA hai / yaha parimArjana uttarottaravartI pratiyoM meM adhika hotA gayA hai / paramparA : samayasAra kalaza meM dravyAnuyoga tathA jana-adhyAtma kA utkRSTa rUpeNa prasphuTana huA hai / prAtmakhyAti TIkA meM varNita adhyAtma paramparA ko hI samayasAra kalazoM meM sArarUpeNa samAhita kiyA gayA hai| chaMda vidyA kI sarasa va hRdayahArI paramparA kI jhalaka bhI satra prakaTa hai| samayasAra kalaza bata bata

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kRtiyAM / [ 647 m meM dArzanikatA, saiddhAntikatA, AdhyAtmikatA tathA kAvya rasikatA kI dhArAe~ koka hokara tAMgita evaM samAhita huI hai / mahaka vitva kA utkRSTa rUpa bhI ukta kRti meM abhivyakta pAte haiN| praNAlI: samayasAra kalaza meM mAdyanta tattva nirUpaNa praNAlI kA anusaraNa huA hai / nayAtmanA tathA sthAdvAdAtmaka RthanazailI dvArA anekAMtAtmaka jJAnasvarUpa prAtmA ke zuddha svarUpa kA nirUpaNa athavA samayasAra ke darzana karAnA hI adhyAtma nirUpaNa kA carama dhyeya hai, usI dhyeya kI prApti kA prayAsa samagra anya meM suSThurUpeNa huA hai / grantha vaiziSTya : "samayasAra kalaza" kRti meM anaka vizeSAtAeM hai| unameM kucha pramukha isa prakAra haiM - 1. chaMda vidyA kA vaijJAnika prayoga apratima hai| 2. bhASA kA artha gAmbhIrya, mAdhurya tathA rasAtireka asAdhAraNa hai| 3. bhAvoM ke utkarSa-apakarSa kI anugAminI bhASA taraMgiNI kI bhauti taraMgita ho uThI hai| 4. adhyAtma kA amRta samasta kalazoM meM se chalaka uThA hai| prauddha dArzanikatA, uccakoTi ko parimArjina bhASA, mahAkabi ko pratibhA inyAdi vaiziSTyoM se ukta kRti samalaMkRta hai| 6. isake rasika pAThaka va adhpetA isake pratyeka guNoM para mohita ho uThate haiM / manama yUra AtmAnubhava ke paramAnaMda meM masta hokara nAca uThatA hai| samasAra kalaza se anuprANita TIkAeM evaM TIkAkAra 1. I. 915 -165, TokAnAma - samayasArakalaza, TokAkAra - A. amRtacandra, bhASA - saMskRta padya, jAnakArI srota - upalabdha / I. 1516 dI, nA. - paramAdhyAtmataraMgiNI, TI. - bhaTTAraka zubhacandra, bhASA - saMskRtagadya, jA. so - upalabdha / 3. I. 1584, TI, nA. - samayasArakalazaTIkA, TI. - pANDe rAjamala, bhASA - r3hahArI, hindogadya, jA. sro- upalabdha / 4. I. 1636, dI. nA. - nATaka samayasAra, TI. - paM. banArasIdAsa. bhASA - hindIpadya, jA, strI- upalabdha / - me - -

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348 / | prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva 5. I. 1660, TI, nA, - nATaka samayasAra, dI. - sadAraMga RSi zvetAmbara, bhASA - hindIpadya, jA. sro, - ardhaka. 62 -63 / 6. I. 1807, TI. nA. - samayamArabhASAyacanikA, TI. - paM. jayacaMda chAbar3A, bhASA - hindI (daDhArI, jA. sro - ardhaka. 63 - 64 / I. 1763 - 1863, dI. nA. - samayasAranATakaTIkA, dI. -- paM. sadAsukhadAsa, bhASA - hindIgadya', jA. so. - ardhaka.63 / / I. 1876, nATakasamayasAraTIkA, TI. - bhImasI mANika zvetAMbara, bhASA - gujarAtI, jA, sro. - arcaka. 63 / I. 1923, TI. nA. - nATakasamayasArakalaza, TI. - a. kaMkubAI, bhASA - marAThI, jA. sro. - pra. si. ajJAta / 10. I. 1926, TI. nA. - samayasArakalagaTIkA, TI. - a. zItalaprasAda, bhApA - hindI, jA. kho. - pu. si. / 15. I. 1812, TI. nA. nATakasamayasAra TIkA, TI. - RSijinadatta zvetAMbara, bhApA - hindI, jA. sro. - ardhaka. 64 / / 12. I. 1926, To. nA, - nATakasamayasAra TIkA, TI. - paM. ddhilAla vAvaka, bhASA - hindIgadya, jA. so. .. ardhA. 64 / / 13. I. 1882, TI. nA. - nATakasamayasAra TIkA, TI. - gajasAra muni zvetAmbara, bhASA - hindI, jA. nA. - ardhaka. 64 / 14. I. 1948, TI. nA. - nijAnaMdamArtaNDa, dI, - muni sUrya sAgara, bhASA - hindI padya-padya, jA. so. - ardhaka.64 / 15. I. 1965, To nA. - samayasArakalazaH nATakam . TI. - kSu. prAdi sAgara, bhASA - marAThI, gadya, jA. sro - ardhaka. 64 / 16. da. 1675, TI. nA. - adhyAtmaamRtakalaza, TI. - paM. jaganmohanalAla zAstrI, bhAkA - hindI, jA. yo. ardhA. 64 / 17. I. .............", TI. nA. sva. nAnA rAmacandra nAga, bhASA - hindI, jA. sro - ardhava.. 6 / / samayasArakalaza tathA tadanasArI TIkAoM kI pANDulipiyAM pra :- tADapatrIya pANDulipiyA~ :1. lipikAla - 1686 .., lipikAra - zubhacandra, vipi - saMskRta padya, jAnakArI srota - ke. saM. prA. pA. li, jesalamera 306 / lipikAla - 1775 I. lipikAra - devendrakIti, lipi - saMskRtapadya, jAnakArI srota - ke. saM. prA. pA. li. jesalamera 353 /

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kRtiyoM / | 346 a. kapar3e para pANDulipi :1. lipikAla - 16111, lipikAra - amRtacandra, lipi - saMskRta padya jAnakArI srota - te. jai. maM., jayapura / sa. kAgaja para pApasa lipiyAM :1. lipikAla - 1443 I., lipikAra - amatacandra, lipi - saMskRta padya, jAnakArI strota - te. je. maM. jayapura (ve, naM. 1645) / 2. li. - 1545, lipi. - amRtacandra, lipi - saMskRta-padya, jA. sro rA. ja. ko bha. pa. 3:43 ! 3. li. - 1566. I., TI. - paM. rAjamala, li, - hindI-gadya, jA, sro - prazasti saM. pR. 657 / / 4. li. - 1660, lipi - sadAraMga RSi zvetAmbara, li. - hindI (kalakattA myujiyama) jA. sro - ardhaka. 63 - 64 / 5. li. -- 1662, TI. .- amRtacandra. li. - saMskRta-padya ujjaina meM), jA, sro - rA. ja. zA. bha. su. 4121 / / 6. I. - 1674, dI. - sadAraMga RSi zvetAmbara, li, - hindI (phAguI meM) , jA. sro-te. je. meM. jayapUra (ve. naM. 1854) / 7. I. - 1812, TI. - RSi jinadatta zvetAmbara, bhASA - hindI, rA. esa. so. baMgAla, jA. sro - ardha kra. - 64 / / 8. I. - 1876, TI. -- bhImasI mANika zvetAmbara. li. - hindI, jA, so - ardhaka. - 63 : 1. I. - 1882, TI. - gajasAra muni zvetAmbara. li, ~ hindI, jA. sro. - ardhaka. - 64 10. 6. - 1886, TI, - paM. rAjamalla, li.- hindI, jA. sro, - rA.je. zA. bha. sU. 3:45 / 11, I, - 1686, TI. - amRtacandra, li. -saM. padya, jA. sro. rA. jai zA. bha. su. 4:120 1 12. I. -1668, TI. - paM. rAjamala, li, - hindI (dillI) jA. sro. anekAMta, jana. 41 pR. 346 - 355 / / I. - 1701, TI. - paM. rAjamalla, li. - hindI, jA. sro. - rA. jai. zA. bha. sU. 3:45 / 14. I. - 1763, To, - paM. rAjamala, li. - hindI, jA. sro. - rA. jai. zA. bha. sU. 2:45 /

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350 ] [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva 15. I. 1815, TI. - amRtacandra, li. - saMskRta (dillI), jA. sro. ane., jUna 41 306 - 355 / 16. I. * TI. - nityavijaya, li. - saMskRta. jA. tro. rA. je. zA. bha. sU. 5/222 / 17. I. 150 TI. - nATakasamayasAra li. - hindI (sAgara meM ), jA sro. sa. sA. ka. TI. pU. 2/1650 / - 18. I 1718, TI. 25. I. maM. -- jA. srosa. sA. ke. TI. pR. 2:1350 / stro 16. I. - 1633, TI. - samayasAranATaka li. banArasIdAsa, jA. te. jaM. ma., jayapura . . 1884 / 20. I. - 1657, TI. - nATakasamayasAra, li. banArasIdAsa, jA. tro. zrAdarzanagara, jayapura 21. I. - 1736. TI. - nATakasamayasAra, li. banArasIdAsa, jA. sro. - te. jaM. ma., jayapura ve. kra. 1876 / 22. I. - 1736. TI. samayasAranATakaTIkA, rUpacanda, jA. kho. te. jai. ma., jayapura, ve kra. 1579 / 23. I. 1817, TI. - nATakasamayasAra, sadAsukha, jA. sI. - te. jaM. maM., jayapura, ve. kra. 1861 / (phoTo kApI saMlagna) 1880 TI. sa. sA. nATaka, banArasI (dillI), jA. sro kAMta jUna 41.346 - 355 24. I. 1863 TI. sa. sA. nA. TIkA rUpacanda. jA. sro- te. paM. jayapura ce. naM. 1870 | 3. -- 4. nATakasamayasAra li. - hindI ( aMkalezvara), - -- -- - samayasArakalaza ke vibhinna prakAzana va saMskaraNa 1. sa. sA. nA. paM banArasIdAsa, saM. graM. mA. dillI, 1650 / 2. sa. sA. nA. paM. buddhilAla zrAvaka, vardha pablika lAyabrarI, dillI, 1662 / - sa. sA. ka., . zItalaprasAda, mUlacanda kizanadAsa, surata, 1631 / rA. sA. ka., paM. phUlabanda jI, di. je. svA. maM. TrasTa, sonagar3ha 1664 / 5. sa. sA. ka., paM. phUlacanda jI, di. je. svA. maM. TrasTa sonagar3ha, 1666 /

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tiryA ] kiSatApakAunekosaMbaralagaprayAhamAmaMcadharmakodhAranevAlAharukomonA nAmarAnImahe vAkAyaratApakhaMDakozATanayodharmaraiyAmerogakoTako karanakotaramahA nAvAnasamamastaparamAnanA hAlAgarakahietarasnAna musvAsasamakSa nATakasamaya kI mahAjAkAratAkapAganAparamAvasacanApAranadalasukhasAgAra 225 kAmImAhemaryAdA yaskomparecaramotamArgakAsAznakasA jAnarUpayAnassArakorIta kIsAmasaMbarakorupayaraimAsivarAhasojJAnayAtasAhatA ||malImahe / komerItamaloyA'tizrIsaMnayamAranATakArthanAmamayasa / . nATakamayamApanAkApanepUrNaphayAyAgunasthAnamA nikAsapUrNa cohAnayogthamaMpUnAvAvaranAyanayAtakA atyAkAvanikahAlakakahiyathAzaktikAhitravapadoyahiesaMvatapayakAmA | la. kAtanabAda saptamIpUITappagaliyAmadAmughakAmatI salavacanakATa pAyA| (pako rima kIyo sAvarananagarakahAlokahijathAmakatikahipakarahiyA nATaka samayasAra (paM. banArasIdAsa kRta) hindI TIkA paM. sadAsukhadAsakRta. lipi - 1933 yA 1614 saMvat, terahapaMthI di jaina mandira, jayapura ke eka pRSTha kI photto| sAravAbAnakarI - D

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352 / / prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva 6. paramAdhyAtmataraMgiNI. zubhacandra bhaTTAraka, zA. vI. ja. si. pra. saMsthA, mahAvIrajI. 1663 / 7. paramAdhyAtmaraMgiNI, zubhacandra bhaTTAraka, bhAratIya jai. si. pra. saMsthA, klkttaa| 8. adhyAtmamamRtakalA, paM. jaganamohana lAlajI, candraprabha di. ja. .. kaTanI 1677 / 6. ma. sA. mA., paM. buddhilAla zrAvaka, zrI di. jaina. svA. ma. Tra. monagar3ha, 1670) 10. (prathama gurunchakA meM saMkalita mUla sa. sA. ka.), paM. pannAlAla caudharI, kAzI, 1925 / kalamAgIta, prA. vidyAsAgara, zrI zyAmalAla vijayavargIya, gvAliyara, 1978 / 12. nijAmatapAna, prA. vidyAsAgara, maMtrI rAja. je. sabhA, jayapura, 1976 / 13. nijAnaMda mArtaNDa, sUryasAgara, se. hIrAlAla, indaura, 1948 | . 14. samayasAra kalazanATakam kSu. AdisAgara, ratanacanda sakhArAma zAha molApUra, 1670 / 15. paramAdhyAtmataraMgiNI. saM. ajitasAgara, pra.lAr3amala jaina, mahAvIrajI. 1976 / 16. samayasAra valazAsahita, buddhilAla, jai. na. ra. kA. bambaI, 1926 / 17 nATa kAsamayasAra kAlazaH, bra. kaMkubAI, kAraMjA, 1623 / uparokta prakAzanoM ke atirikta prAtmakhyAti TIkA ke prakAzanoM ke sAtha samayasAra kalazoM kA bhI aneka bAra prakAzana hayA hai|) 18 samayasAra kalaza, paM phUlacandajI. svA. maM. 6, sonagar3ha, 1670 / 16 kalamAgIta. prA. vidyAsAgara. zyAmalAla vijayavargIya, gvAliyara, 1675 / nijAgRtapAna, sA. vidyAsAgara, bAbUlAla seThI maMtrI rA. jai sa. jayapura. 1677 / 21. sa sA ka. TIkA., na. nandalAla dvArA di. jai. a. mA. bhiNDa, 1950 / 22 pravacana ratnAkara bhAga 1, maMta kAnajI svAmI, ku. ku. ka. ai. bambaI, 1680 |

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kRtiyA~ / tatvArthasAra paJca TIkAnoM meM AcArya amRtacandra kRta "tatvArthasAra" nAmaka kRti hai / jisa prakAra samayasAra kalaza adhyAtma viSayaka padya TIkA hai, usI prakAra tatvArthasAra bhI tattvArtha viSayaka padya TIkA hai / isa kRti ko kucha vidvAna maulika tathA svatantra kRti' mAnate haiN| isameM saMdeha nahIM hai ki parama AdhyAtmika tathA gambhIra dArzanika amRtacandra ke vyaktitva se anuprANita yaha kRti maulika tathA svatantra jaisI hI pratIta hotI hai / isameM unakI kucha maulika vizeSatAe~ bhI nihita haiM / isalie kucha vidvAnoM ne ise svatantra kRti pAnA hai. parantara tAne bare pagaTIkA ke pAnagata samAhita kiyA hai, jisake kucha kAraNa isa prakAra haiM: prathama to tasvArthasAra puruSArthasiddha yupAya kI bhAMti svatantra racanA nahIM hai, apitu prAcArya umAsvAmI ke tattvArthasUtra ke AdhAra para hI pallavina tathA vikasita racanA hai / jaise tattvArthasUtra kI anya gadya TokAyoM ke nAma tattvArtha rAjavAtika tathA tatvArtha lokavArtika evaM tattvArtha vRni haiM. usI taraha isa padya TIkA kA nAma tatvArthasAra hai| dusare, isameM tattvArthasUtra ke sUtroM ko hI savistAra spaSTa kiyA gayA hai| kahIM-kahIM to malasUtra ke gadya ko padya rUpa pradAna kara diyA gayA hai| tIsare, anya gadya TIkAnoM sarvArthasiddhi, tatvArtha rAjavAtika Adi ke gadyAMzoM kA bhI prayoga padyarUpa meM kiyA gayA hai| cauthe, TIkAkAra ne bhI maMgalAcaraNa rUpa padya meM yaha spaSTa likhA hai ki tatvArthasAra nAmaka yaha kRti mokSamArga ko prakAsita karane vAle dIpaka ke samAna hai| isameM mumukSutroM ke hita ke lie tattvArtha kA hI sAra atyanta spaSTa rUpa se kahA gayA hai / isa prakAra tatvArthasUtra gata bhAvoM kA ho pramukha rUpa se pratipAdaka tathA suvistAraka hone se ise svatantra maulika racanAoM ke antargata na ginAkara, padya TIkAtroM ke antargata ginAyA hai| tattvArthasAra yadyapi tatvArthasatra tathA anya bhASyoM se anuprANita hai, tathApi usake kucha maulika vaiziSTya bhI haiM, jo grantha kI mAMzika maulikatA kI pratIti karAte haiN| yaha kRti bhI prakRta prAcArya kI AdhyAtmikatA kI chApa 1. tatvArthasAra paratAvanara, '. 16, pa. pannAlAla sAhityAmA / vahI, pra. pR. 27 / (3.) atha tatvArthasAro'yaM mokSamArgaka dIpakaH / mumukSaraNaH hitArthAya praspamityabhidhIyate // 2 // tatvArthasAra, padya kra. 3 /

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354 / | prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva se achUtI nahIM hai / jahA~ akalaMka deva meM sarvArthasiddhi ke anusAra sAta tatva kA vivecana kiyA hai, vahA~ amRtacandra ne AdhyAtmika zailI meM ''heya. jJeya upAdeya" ke sAtha tatvoM kA paricaya karAyA hai| nizcaya vyavahAra kA saMtulita kathana bhI kiyA hai| SaTkArakoM ko eka AtmA meM hI sughaTita karanA unakI adhyAtma zailI ke paricAyaka hai| yathArtha meM tatvArthasUtra tathA usake vArtikoM meM tattvajJAna kA agAdha ratnAkara samAyA huA hai, usa ratnAkara ke hI mathitArtha ko evaM tattva viSayaka ratmoM ko saMgrahIta karake tatvArthasAra nAmaka grantha kI racanA kI hai, ataH ukta racanA bhI eka asAdhAraNa kRti hai / jahA~ samayasAra kA vivecana siddhAnta kI AtmA kA vidhecana hai, vahIM tatvArthasUtra kA vivecana usake kalevara kA vivecana hai| ina donoM "AtmA tathA kalevara" ko sAMgopAMga pragaTa karane meM prAcArya amRtacandra ne annapama saphalatA pAI hai| unhoMne eka mora madhyAtma gaMgA bahAI tathA usameM svayaM ko nimagna kiyA hai, to dUsarI ora tatvArthasAra kI racanA karake tatvajJAna ke samudra meM bhI gote lagAye haiM, isIlie ukta kRti kI vizeSatA svayaM hI bar3ha jAtI hai / isa graMtha kI mahimA graMthakAra ke hI zabdoM meM isa prakAra hai - jo puruSa madhyastha hokara isa tattvArthasAra ko jAnakara nizcala citta hotA huA, mokSamArga kA Azraya letA hai, yaha nirmohI hokara saMsAra ke baMdhana ko dUrakara caitanyasvarUpa avinAzI mokSatatva ko prApta karatA hai / nAmakaraNa : tattvArthasAra" nAma kA graMthakAra ne apane graMtha meM aneka bAra spaSTataH ullekha kiyA hai / isakA anya koI nAma Aja taka prakaTa nahIM huA, ataH ukta nAma yathArtha pracalita nAma hai / jahA~ taka nAmakaraNa ke aucitya kA prazna hai, usakA bahuta kucha spaSTIkaraNa Upara pA cukA hai / saMkSepa meM tattvArthasutra ke bhAvoM kA sAra darzAne vAlA hone ke kAraNa tathA tatvArthasutra ke hI sUtroM ko mukhyataH pallavita, puSpita evaM vikasita karane vAlA hone se bhI isakA nAma tattvArtha sAra sArthaka hai| isameM nirUpaNa bhI sAta tattvoM ke arthoM kA huA hai tathA padyAtmaka nirUpaNa hone se saMkSipta arthAt sAra rUpa [1.) tatvArthasAramiti yaH samadhIvidityA, nirvANamArgamadhitilati niSpakampaH / saMsArabaMdhamadhUpa sa dhUtamohAcaitanyarUpamacarna zivatatvameti ! 22 // tattvArthasAra (upasaMhAra)

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kRtiyA~ / hA hai. isalie bhI graMtha kA ukta tatvArthasAra nAma ucita hai / sAtha hI tattvArtha viSayaka pramukha TIkAoM tathA racanAoM kA bhI sAra isa graMtha meM samAhita kiyA gayA hai / ataH sarva prakAra se graMtha kA ukta nAma sArthaka tathA ucita hai| kartRtva : ("puruSArthasiddha yupAya" tathA anya TIkAoM kI taraha tatvArthamAra ke aMta meM paramArtha dRSTi se amRtacandra ne graMtha ke kartRttra kA vikalpa dUra karate hA likhA hai ki akSara padoM ke kartA haiM, pada samUha vAkyoM ke kartA haiM tathA vAzya isa zAstra ke kartA haiN| isa prakAra amRtacandrAcArya isake kartA nahIM haiM / uparyukta zailI se ukta vRtti svataH amRtacandrapraNIta pramANita hotI hai| dusare anya TIkAkAroM tathA lekhakoM ne bhI ukta kRti ko amRtacandra kI hI unimAvi kiyA hai| una kRti meM bhI zaMga meM upasaMhArAtmaka adhyAya jor3akara nizcaya-vyavahAra kathana zailI kA pradarzana kiyA hai tathA apanI adhyAtmalI kI bhI chApa chor3a rakhI hai / isa taraha ukta graMtha bhI prAcArya amRtacandra kI hI nivivAda racanA pramANita hai| prAmANikatA : "tattvArthamAra" tatvArthasUtra kI anugAminI TIkA hone se tathA rAjavAtika, zlokavAtika, sarvArtha siddhi, paMcasaMgraha Adi mahAn racanAoM se paripuSTa hone ke kAraNa tatvajJAnaviSayaka sarvAdhika prAmANika graMthoM meM hI parigaNita hai / prAcArya amRtacandra ke asAdhAraNa vyaktitva me nimita hokara mUlasUna sAhitya kI bhAMti pramAgatA ko hai| jisa taraha mUlya praNetAnoM meM prAcArya kundakunda svAmI sarvopari sthAna para suzobhita hai, usI taraha TIkAkAroM tathA svataMtra graMthakAroM meM prAcArya amRtacandra agraNI mAnya prAcArya hai, ataH unakI ukta racanA bhI tattvArtha viSayaka vAGamaya meM atyanta mahattvapUrNa mAnya kRti hai / viSayavastu : titvArthasAra meM nimna pATha adhikAra haiM - saptatatvapIThikA, jIvatattvavargana, jotdavarNana, mAnavatattva, baMdhAstra, saMvaratattva, nirjarAtatva yA mokSatatva varNana adhikAra / aMta meM upasaMhArAtmaka 21 padya haiN| prathamAdhikAra meM, prArambha meM hI graMthakAra ne ukta aMtha ko mokSamArga kA prakAza karane vAlA dIpaka likhA hai / usameM samasta nirUpaNa yukti aura

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[ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva mAgama dvArA sunizcita tathA suspaSTa kiyA gayA hai / samyagdarzanAdi kA lakSaNa nirdeza karate hue tattvArthazraddhAna ko samyagdarzana, tattvArthabodha ko samyagjJAna tathA vastu svarUpa ko jAnakara usakI upekSA karane ko samyanacAritra likhA hai / jIva, ajIva, grAsava, baMdha, saMvara. nirjarA aura modA ye sAta tatva haiN| inameM jIvatatva upAdeya, ajIvatatva heya, heyabhuta ajIva (karma) ke jIva meM upAdAna kA kAraNa prAsaba, heya ke grahaNa kA nAma baMdha, heya ko hAni ke kAraNa saMbara va nirjarA, tathA heya se paripUrNa chuTakArA vaha mokSatattva hai / isa prakAra prAtmA ke prayojana ko dhyAna meM rakhakara ukta sAta tattvoM kA svarUpa atyanta sundara DhaMga se nirUpita kiyA hai| pazcAt cAra prakAra ke niIgoM kA svarUpa batAkara pramANa va nayoM ko bheda-prabheda sahita samajhAyA hai / aMta meM niveza yAdi nathA sat saMkhyA, kSetra, sparzana, kAla, aMtara va alpabahutva dvArA tattva ko jAnane ko kahA / isa taraha prathama pIThikA adhikAra samApta huaa| dvitIya adhikAra meM jIva ke aupamika, kSAyika, kSAyopazamika, graudayika aura pAriNAmikA ina pA~ca svatattvoM kA varNana kiyA hai / jIva kA lakSaNa upayoga batAte hue usake sAkAra tathA anAkAra do bheda batAte hue jJAnopayoga aura darzanopayoga kA varNana kiyA hai| pazcAt jIva ke saMsAge aura mukta do bhedoM tathA saMsArI jIvoM ke varNana ke lie guNasthAna Adi bIsa prarUpaNAoM kA Azraya liyA hai| yadyapi uparokta nirUpaNa kA AdhAra mukhyataH tattvArthasUtra hI hai, tathApi prAkRta paMcasaMgraha kI gAthAoM ke sAtha tatvAdhaMsAra ke kucha padyoM meM bhAvasAmya hone se ukta graMtha kI bhI sahAyatA lI gaI pratIta hotI hai / jIvatattva ke nirUpaNa meM hI jIvoM ke nivAsa kSetra ko batalAne hetu adholoka, madhyaloka tathA urdhvaloka kA svarUpa likhA hai| isa adhikAra meM tattvArthasUtra ke dvitIya va caturtha adhyAyoM kA sAra samajhAyA gayA hai| nRtIyAdhikAra meM ajIvatanva kA varNana karate hue chaha dravyoM kA svarUpa. unake pradeza, kArya Adi kA bhI nirUpaNa kiyA hai / gudagala ke a: va skaMdha ye do bheda kiye haiN| pudgala dravya kI paryAyoM tathA skaMdha nirmANa kI prakriyA para bhI spaSTa prakAza DAlA gayA hai / isa nim paNa meM tattvArthasUtra kA pA~cavA adhyAya AdhArabhUta rahA hai / vistRta spaSTIkaraNa hetu sarvArtha siddhi TIkA kA sahArA liyA gayA hai /

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kRtiyA~ / | 357 caturtha adhakAra meM pAkhavatanya kA varNana hai jisakA AdhAra latvArthasUtra kA SaSTha va saptama adhikAra hai| karmoM ke prAga mana kA kAraNa pAnava kahalAtA hai / mana, bacana, kAya mrUpa yogoM ko prAstraba kahA gayA hai| vaha yoga zubha va azubha athavA puNya va pApa rUpa do prakAra kA hai / sAmparAyika tathA Iya pitha ye do prakAra kA karmAnava hai / sakaSAya karmabaMdhana sAmparAyika karma hai. akaSAya yoga ke kAraNa karma pAte haiM, parantu baMdhate nahIM, use Ipitha karma kahate haiM / pazcAt jJAnAvaraNAdi karmoM ke prAstrava ke kAraNoM kA savistAra kathana kiyA hai / vrata se pUNya kA aura abata se pApa kA grAsrava hotA hai| hiMsAdi pAna pApoM ke ekadeza tyAga kA nAma degavata aura paripUrNa tyAga kA nAma mahAvata hai| pUrNa tyAga karane vAle sAdhu, ekadeza nyAga karane vAle zrAvaka hote haiN| pratyeka vana ko sampaSTi hetu pA~ca-pA~ca' bhAvanAmoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai / hisA, maTa, corI kuzIla va parigraha ke tyAga rUpa 5 vrata tathA dignata, dezavata, anarthadaNDavata, sAmAyika, proSadhopavAsa, bhogopabhoga saMkhyA aura atithisaMvibhAga ye 5 zIlavata milAkara zrAvaka ke kula 12 vrata hote haiN| aMta meM sanlekhanA pUrvaka maraNa kA svarUpa batAkara unake aticAroM ke nirUpaNa ke sAtha adhyAya samApta kiyA hai| paMcamAdhikAra meM baMdha tattva kA varNana hai / isakA prAdhAra tattvArthasUtra kA aSTama adhyAya hai / isameM sarvaprathama mithyAtva, asaMyama, pramAda, kaSAya aura yoga ina pAMcoM ko bandhakA kAraNa batAyA hai| unake svarUpa va bhedoM kA vAcana kiyA hai| jIva karmodaya meM kaSAya yukta hokara yoga ke nimitta se yogya pRdgagaloM kA grahaNa karatA hai, vaha baMdha hai / baMdha ke prakRti, sthiti, anubhAga tathA pradeza ye cAra bheda kiye haiN| ina cAroM ke nirUpaNa ke sAtha jAnAvaraNAdi karmoM ko 8 mula tathA 198 uttara prakRtiyoM kA savistAra varNana kiyA hai| unakI kAlamaryAdA prAdi kA vizada spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai / ___paSThamAdhikAra meM saMbaratantra kA pratipAdana hai| isakA prAdhAra danvArthaguSa kA nabamA adhikAra hai / isameM gupti, samiti. dharma pariSahajaya, napa anuprekSA aura cAritra ina kAraNoM ko Asrava nirodha arthAt saMvara kA vAraNa likhA hai| ina kAraNoM kI kramazaH vyAkhyA karate hue adhyAya samApta kiyA hai| saptamAdhikAra meM nirjarA tattva kA kathana kiyA hai / isakA prAdhAra tanvArtha mUtra kA navamAdhyAya hai| pUrvopArjita karmoM kA grAnmA se alaga

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358 ] / prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva honA nirjarA hai / vaha vipAkajA tathA avipAkajA do prakAra kI hai / samaya para udita hokara phala dekara karmoM kA jhar3a jAnA vipAkajA nirjarA hai tathA tapAdi dvArA udaya meM na pAye hue karmoM ko udayAvali meM lAkara unheM jhar3AnA avipAkajA nirjarA hai / yaha nirjarA tapasviyoM ke hotI hai / grAge kramazaH avamaudarya, upavAsa, rasaparityAga, vRttiparisaMkhyAna, kAyakleza aura viviktazayyAsana ye 6 bAdya tapa tathA svAdhyAya, prAyazcitta, vaiyAvRtta, vyatsarga, vinaya aura dhyAna ye 6 aMtaraMga tapaH isa prakAra kula 12 tapoM kA varNana karate hue adhikAra samApta kiyaa| aSTamAdhikAra meM mokSatatva kA spaSTIkaraNa hai, jisakA prAdhAra sanvArthasUtra kA dAma adhikAra hai / vizad spaSTIkaraNa hetu rAjavArtika ko bhI AdhAra banAyA gayA hai / baMdha ke kAraNoM ke prabhAva tathA pUrvabaddha samasta karmoM kI nirjarA ko mokSa kahate haiM / kevalI ke do bheda sayoga tathA prayoga rUpa se kiye haiM aura sabogI ke ekamAtra sAtAvedanIya kA vandha hotA hai| parantu prayoga kevalI ke nahIM hotaa| Age mukta jIvoM ke praupazaminAdi bhAvoM kA aura bhavyatva kA bhI prabhAva honA varNita hai / unake usa samaya siddhatva, samyaktva, jJAna, darzana ye cAra vinApAna ralate haiM : gApi saMdha ko paramparA anAdi hai, tathApi usakA vinAza sambhava hai / samasta karmoM ke kSaya hone para jIva svabhAvataH urdhva gamana karake lokAMta meM sthita hotA hai| usase grAga dharmAstikAya rUpa gati-nimittika dravya kA prabhAva hotA hai| avagAhanazakti ke kAraNa eka hI sthAna para anaMta siddha virAjamAna haiN| isa taraha mokSa viSayaka zaMkAnoM kA samAdhAna karate hue adhikAra samApta kiyaa| aMta meM upasaMhAra rUpa meM kahA ki pramANa, naya, nikSepAdi dvArA sAta tattvoM kojAnakAra mokSamArga kA aAzraya lenA caahie| mokSamArga ko nizcayavyavahAra rUpa nirUpita karake unameM kathaMcit sAdhya-sAdhana bhAva bhI kahA hai / nizcaya mokSamArga svAcita (AtmAzrita) hai / vyavahAra mokSamArga 'parAzrita hai / nizcaya se SaTkArakAdi ke vikalpa eka hI prAtmA meM sughaTita hai, ataH aMta meM kahA ki jo subuddhi isa tattvArthasAra ko jAnakara mokSamArga meM sthiratA karatA hai, vaha saMsAra baMdhana se chUTakara nizcaya mokSatattva ko pAtA hai / anya graMthoM kI bhAMti isameM kartApana ke vikalpa kA niSedha kiyA hai| isa taraha tattvArthasAra laghukAya graMtha hone para bhI mokSamArga kA sAMgopAMga varNana karane vAlA advitIya graMtha hai| jo sAmagrI tattvArthasUtra meM savistAra

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kRtiyo ] / 356 nahIM pA sakI, use amRtacandra ne tattvArthasAra meM vyakta karake apanI maulikatA kI chApa bhI chor3I hai| pAThAnusaMdhAna : tattvArthasAra yadyapi varNya viSaya kI dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa siddhAMta nirUpaka kRti hai, tathApi isakA amRtacandra kI anya kRtiyoM kI bhAMti vyApaka pracAra prasAra nahIM huA / ukta kRti kI anusArI TIkAe~ bhI kama hai| isakI hastalikhita lipizA adhika nahIM hai| kAra kI isake bahA thor3e hue haiN| isakA sarvaprathama prakAzana 1916 kA hai, jo paM. baMzIdhara zAstrI dvArA sampAdita tathA kalakattA se prakAzita hai / dUsare 1926 ke prathama gucchaka ke antargata kAzI se prakAzita hai tathA tIsare 167 , meM paM. pannAlAla sAhityAcArya dvArA samrAdita evaM varNI graMthamAlA vArANasI dvArA prakAzita hai / isameM upalabdha pAThabheda nimna nAlikA se spaSTa hotA hai - adhyAyapadya kalakattA prati kAzI prati vArANasI prati 1670 12 tattvArthasAroyaM tattvArthasAro'yaM tasvArthasAro'yaM 13 sunizcitaH sunizcitam sunizcitaH 14 sunizcitam sunizcitaH sunizcitam 11 tanvA: tatvAryA tatvArthAH 1: nya pyamAnAnayAdezAt nyasyamAnatayAdezAt nyasyamAna nayAdezAt 1:13 yadyana yatlena yalana 115 punaH punA punaH 120 buddhimedhAdayo -buddhirmedhAdayo buddhirmeSAdayo 121 tatastvIhA tapasvIhA tatastvIhA 1.26 anavasthitaH anavasthitiH anasthiti 126 manaHsvArtha mana:svArtha manasvArtha 128 jJAnamakSAnapekSayA jJAnamanyAnapekSayA jJAnamanyAnapekSayA 1:32 sovadhe: so'vadhiH so'vadhi: uparyukta tAlikA se spaSTa hai ki kalakattA tathA kAzI pratiyoM meM truTiyA~ adhika haiN| unakA yathAsaMbhava parimArjana vArANasI prati meM huA hai| yadyapi vArANasI prati meM pAThazodhana to avazya huA hai| parantu mudraNa viSayaka truTiyA~ isameM bhI aneka haiN|

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| AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva paramparA : tattvArthasAra graMtha meM tatrArthasUtra meM varNita siddhAMtoM kA hI vizadIkaraNa evaM spaSTIkaraNa huA hai| AcArya umAsvAmI ke anuvartI prakalaMkadeva, vidyAnaMda yAdi bhASyakAroM kI hI nirUpaNa paramparA tattvArthasAra meM pravahamAna pAte haiM | AcArya amRtacandra ne sUtragata bhAvoM ko padya ke rUpa meM prastuta karake sUtrArtha ko jahA~ eka ora prativyakti prathama kI hai yahI dUsarI ora sUtrArthaMgata bhAvoM kI mahimA bhI pradarzita kI hai tathA apanI kavitva zakti dvArA tatva nirUpaNa meM bhI sarasatA paidA kI hai / praNAlI : 360 | jinAgama meM tasvanirUpaNa kI do zailiyA~ hai / prathama hai prAcya zailI jo prayoga dvAra ke mAdhyama se tatva nirUpaNa karatI hai tathA dUsarI hai adhyAtma zailI jo tatra nirUpaNa sIdhe sarala tarIke se karatI hai tathA isa zailI meM adhyAtma kA varNana pramukha hotA hai / tanvArthasAra meM AcArya zramRtacandra ne AcArya puSpadaMta bhUtabali dvArA prasArita prAcya zailI ko apanAyA hai / unhoMne umAsvAmI kI sUtrazailI kA bhI anukaraNa kiyA hai / ina donoM zailiyoM (prAcya tathA sUtra zailI ko karaNAnuyoga pramukha zailiyA~ kaha sakate haiM / grantha vaiziSTya : 2. 2. isa grantha ke nimnalikhita vaiziSTya haiM : saMkSepa meM kathana karake gahana bhAvoM ko spaSTa karanA / siddhAMta kA sarvAMgINa tatva nirUpaNa kiyA jAnA / tattvArthasAra kI upalabdha pANDulipiyA~ : 1. I. san 1527, TIkAkAra - amRtacandra, lipi - saMskRta jAnakArI srota- jinaratnakoza, bailaMkara pR. 153 / 1 . I. ma 1582 TI. amRtacandra, lipi saMskRta, jAH srAMta - rA. jaighA. bha su. bhAga 5.43 ww I. je. TI. amRtacandra lipi - saMskRta jA. srota rA. '' HAL ****YY - zA. ma. sU. bhAga 3:176 / "TI. - gramRtacandra lipi saMskRta jA. tro bA. bha. su. bhAga 22 / tattvArthasAra ke vibhinna prakAzana : ?. graM. tasvArthasAra, TIkAkAra saM. paM. baMzIdhara zAstrI, prakAzaka bhA. jai. si. pra. saMsthA kalakattA: san 1616 bhASA saMskRta pratiyoM 7501 upalabdha | 7 - - - rA. jai.

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kRtiyA~ ] 2. na. - tatvArthasAra (adhyAya cauthA) TI. - prastA. hirAcaMda namacaMda pra. - solApura san 1620 bhASA - saMskRta / 3. na. - tattvArthasAra (prathama gucchaka meM) saM. - pannAlAla caudharI pra. - pannAlAla caudharI kAzI, san 1925 bhASA -- saMskRta / 4. na. - tattvArthasAra saM. - paM. pannAlAla sAhityAcArya, pra. varNI pra. mA. vArANasI, san 1970 bhASA - saMskRta pratiyA~ - 1000 / laghutatvasphoTa isakA aparanAma, zaktimaNit koza, bhI hai, jisakA ullekha graMtha ke aMta meM hai| yaha prAcArya amRtacandra kRta savAMdhika kliSTa, praur3ha, dArzanika, svatantra evaM maulika kRti hai | ataH isakA paricaya prathama vibhAga meM karAyA jA sakatA thA, parantu ise tRtIya vibhAga meM anya kutiyoM ke aMtargata rakhA gayA hai, kyoMki pUrvokta kRtiyA~ hI amRtacandra kI racanAoM ke rUpa meM pAThakoM aura vidvajjanoM ke bIca vizruta evaM mAnya rahI haiM / yaha eka navodita kRti hai / ahamadAbAda ke DelA bhaNDAra meM muni zrI puNyavijayajI ko isakI tADapatrIya pANDulipi prathamabAra 1665 I. meM upalabdha huI hai| isa ajJAta kRti kI prApti se samasta adhyAtma evaM tasvapremI vidvAnoM ko atyanta harSa huaA hai| abhI isa racanA kA ekamAtra aMgrejI saMskaraNa lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI vidyAmaMdira, ahamadAbAda se prakAzita huA hai / ukta saMskaraNa kA saphala sampAdana evaM anUvAda DA. padmanAbha zrIvarmA janI - prophesara bauddhadarzana kelaphorniyA vizvavidyAlaya, varkalI (yU. esa e.) dvArA huA hai / isameM 625. zloka haiN| 25-25 zloka vAle 25 adhyAya haiM / samasta racanA meM 13 prakAra ke chaMdoM kA prayoga kiyA hai| yaha racanA amRtacandra kI jaina tatvajJAna evaM siddhAMta viSayaka asAdhAraNa pratibhA ke caramotkarSa kI dyotaka hai / yaha stutiparaka racanA hai| isameM sarvotkRSTa stotrakAvya kI praur3hatA pradarzita kI gaI hai / ise hama amRtacandra ke amRtamayI AzcaryakArI tattvajJAna kA paripAka kaha sakate haiN| artha gAmbhIrya tathA kliSTa saMskRta zabdAvalI ke prayoga se bhAva pravAha kI rasAnumiti meM kaThinatA pratIta hotI hai| prathama adhyAya 24 tIrthaMkaroM ke guNasmaraNa meM samarpita hai / zeSa adhyAyoM meM bhI jinendra stuti ke nAma para gahana siddhAMtoM kA pratipAdana huA hai| stotra paramparA meM ukta vRti kA asAdhAraNa va mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai|

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[ yAcArya amRta candra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva kartRtva : isake racayitA bhI prakRta prAcArya amRtacandrasUri hI haiM / isa sambandha meM nimna prAdhAra upalabdha haiM - prathama to mUlapATha meM prAcArya amRtacandra kA nAma do bAra prayukta huA hai| eka bAra prathama adhyAya ke aMta meM tathA eka bAra upasaMhArAtmaka aMtima zloka meM kavIndra para sahita amRtacandra kA nAmollekha huA hai| dUsare ladhutattvasphoTa ke kucha pacha samayasAra kalaza se sAmya rakhate haiN| isake 507 tathA 324 naM. ke padya kramaza: samayasArakalaza ke 270 aura 141 va padya ke samAna hai| tIsare ina donoM racanAtroM meM zailI aura zabdAvali donoM meM bhI kaI prakAra ke sAmya haiN| cauthe prAcArya saMmatabhadra ke ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra kA prabhAva jisa taraha puruSArthasiddhayupAya para dikhAI detA hai, jI prata sAmanabhAvAmI re hI vRhad svayaMbhUstotra Adi stotroM kI zailI kA tathA tattva nirUpaNa kA prabhAva amRtacandra kRta laghutattvasphoTa meM dikhAI detA hai| donoM ke prArambha meM svayaMbhU zabda kA prayoga caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI stuti, syAdvAda va nizcayaparaka vivecana, sarvajJatA kI siddhi, anekAMta kA vizeSa spaSTIkaraNa, anyadarzanoM kA nirAkaraNa prAdi sAmya isake pramANa haiM / pA~caveM - jisa prakAra puruSArthasiddhayupAya kA aparanAma "jinapravacanarahasya koza" hai, usI prakAra laghutattvasphoTa kA bhI aparanAma zaktimaNitakoza hai| chaThaveM grantha ke aMta meM aMtima do padyoM meM stuti rUpa rasa ke prAsvAdI amRtacandra kA ullekha huA hai| sAtha hI "ityamRtacandrasUriNAM kRtiH zaktimANitakozo nAma ladhutasvasphoTaH samAptaH" ina aMtima zabdoM se ukta kRti kA prakRta prAcArya amRtacandra kRta honA bhalIbhAMti pramANita hotA hai| nAmakaraNa : isa kRti ke uparokta ubhaya nAma samUcita evaM sArthaka pratIta hote haiM / "zaktimaNitakoza" nAma kA ullekha aMtima 626 ve padya meM huA - - - -- 1. laghutattvatasphoTa - adhyAya 1 pacha 25 / hai laho, adhyAya 25 padya 26 /

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kRtiyA~ ! 363 hai| sayA lata vasphoTa:" yaha nAma aMtima vAkyoM meM prayukta huA hai| prathama nAga meM 'maNit" pada kI jagaha ''bhaNita'' bhI ho sakatA hai / 'zaktimaNitakozaH'' kA artha hai zakti rUpa maNiyoM se bharA khajAnA / "zaktimANitakozaH" pada kA artha hai zaktiyoM kA kathana karane vAlA khjaanaa| isake atirikta "laghutattvasphoTa:" zabda kA artha hai tatvoM kA. saMkSipta prakAzana / uparokta tInoM artha ukta racanA kI sArthakatA ke dyotaka haiM / vAstava meM amRtacandra ne samayasAra tathA : ava banasAra TIkA ke aMta meM AtmA kI jina zaktiyoM kA varNana kiyA hai. unhIM kA isa graMtha meM naye pariveza meM pratipAdana kiyA hai / laghutattvasphoTa zIrSaka usake aparanAma kI apekSA adhika.grApharSaka pratIta hotA hai| prAmANikatA : stotra kAvyoM ko paramparA ke sarvAdhika prasiddha agraNI prAcArya svAmI samalabhadra ke stotra kAvya apanI paznAtvartI paramparA ke pramukha preraNA srota tathA AdhAra stambha haiN| unhIM kI zailI kA anukaraNa karate hae jinendrastuti ke nAma para amRta candra ne ukta racanA kI hai| jisameM samaMtabhadra kI hI bhAMti gambhIra dArzanika tatvoM kA vivecana kiyA hai| ataH apane anya graMthoM baTIkAyoM ke samAna amRta candra meM isa graMtha kA bhI mahAna tathA prAmANika banAyA hai| unhoMne pUrvokta svatantra graMthoM tathA TIkAoM meM Nita tattvoM kA stotra zailI meM rasAsvAdana karAyA hai, ataH ukta racanA kI prAmANikatA aura bhI adhika bar3ha jAtI hai| svayaM lekhaka ne aMta meM likhA hai ki myAdAda ke mArga meM, nija tra para ke zreSTha vicAra meM, jJAna tathA kriyA ke atizayapUrNa baibhava kI bhAvanA meM, zabda aura artha kI saMghaTana sambandhI sImA meM tathA rasa kI adhikatA meM vyutpattiviziSTa jJAna prApta karane ke icchuka apajJa janoM ko yaha merI racanA dizA pradarzana karane vAlI hai| prAdhArasrota : AcArya samaMtabhadra kA svayaMbhUstotra. siddhasena divAkara kA dvAtriMzatikA stotra mAnatuMgAcArya vA bhaktAmara stotra se tInoM pramukha rUpa se amanacandra ke laghutattvasphoTa kI racanA meM preraNAstrota rahe haiN| svayaMbhUstotra ke anukaraNa para 24 tIrthaMkaroM kI stuti tathA gambhIra tatvavivecana kiyA hai / siddhasena 1. laputattvasphoTa -- adhyAya 25 pazA 26 / 2. vahIM - adhyAya 25 padma 27 !

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364 | | zrAcArya amRtacandra vyaktitva evaM kartRtva kI 32 padyoM bAlI 32 adhyAyavAlI dvAtriMzatikA ke anukaraNa para amRtacandra ne 25 padyoM vAlI 25 adhyAyavAlI racanA kii| mAnaturaMga ke bhaktAmara ke upasaMhAra kA anukaraNa amRtacandra ne kiyA hai / bhaktAmara kA aMtima padma " stotrastrayaM tava jinendra guNanirbaddhAM "ityAdi" tathA tattvasphoTa ke prathama adhyAya kA aMtima zloka "ye bhAvayaMti vikalArthaMvatIM jinAnA ityAdi meM zailIsAmya, dhvanisAmya hai| sAtha hI artha sAmya bhI hai| isake atirikta samayasAra kalaza, AtmakhyAti TIkA ke aMzoM, tatvadIpikA ke aMzoM tathA samayavyAkhyA ke aMzoM se bhI viSaya vastu grahaNa kara stotra kI sRSTi kI hai| 12 viSayavastu : vasphoTa meM varNita viSayavastu ko paccIsa zloka vAle paccIsa dhyAyoM meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai| una adhyAyoM meM nirUpita prakaraNa isa prakAra haiM -- < prathama adhyAya meM 24 tIrthaMkaroM ke guNoM kA camatkArapUrNa zailI meM, anuprAsa tathA virodhAbhAsa Adi alaMkAroM ke sarasa AkarSaNa ke sAtha smaraNa kiyA hai / yaha adhyAya samagra kRti meM sarvAdhika kliSTa aMza hai / kucha padya to paheliyoM ke rUpa meM prastuta kiye gaye haiM / syAdvAda siddhAMta ke mAdhyama se virodhAbhAsa alaMkAra kA prayoga karane kA lekhaka ko asImita avasara milA hai / isameM zUnya zUnya, nitya-anitya, sat zrasat bhUta-bhaviSyat zrAtmaka - nirAtmaka, eka aneka, baddha-mukta, kartR -boddha ityAdi virodhI yugaloM kA pradarzana kiyA hai| AtmA ke ina dvandvAtmaka dharmoM ko nizcaya tathA vyavahAra kI nirUpaNa zailiyoM dvArA prastuta kiyA hai / anekAMta se alaga na hokara nizcaya naya parak vAkpaTutA dvArA tathya kA samarthana karanA amRtacandra kA maulika vaiziSTya hai / yadyapi unhoMne samastapadArthoM kI prakAzaka jinendra kI sarvajJatA ke anekarUpoM kI prazaMsA kI hai, tathApi nizcayadRSTi se ukta sarvajJatA ko arddhata siddha karane para vajana bhI diyA hai / ukta prata mahAn jyoti kI ve upAsanA karate hue kahate haiM " zradratamevamahayAmi mahanmahaste" | ye zabda hameM unake samayasAra kalaza meM prayukta "anubhavamupayAte na bhAti dvaM tameva" ityAdi kA smaraNa karAte haiM / adhyAya kI samApti karate hue ve likhate haiM ki jo bhabya jIva amRtacandrasUri ke jJAna dvArA gRhIta paripUrNa artha se yukta RSabhAdi tIrthakaroM kI nAmAvali kA ciMtana karate haiM, ve nizcaya se anAyAsa hI sakala vizva ko pI jAte haiM arthAt sarvajJa ho -

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kRtiyA~ | | 365 jAte haiM tathA sakala vizva unake jJAna meM pratibimbita ho uThatA hai / unheM karma Adi paraya grahaNa nahIM kara sakate haiM arthAt ye karmabandhana meM nahIM par3ate haiM / yaha aMtima padya hameM bhaktAmara stotra ke aMtima padya kI yAda dilAtA hai, kyoMki unameM kaI taraha se sAmya pratIta hotA hai / dvitIya adhyAya meM vizvarUpatA tathA ekarUpatA ke AdhAra para nirmita virodhI varmoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| lekhaka ne sAMkhyamata kI isa mAnyatA kA ki padArthoM kA jJAna caitanya ke prakhaNDa svabhAva ko khaNDita karatA hai, Adi kA khaNDana kiyA hai / ekAMtavAdI kathana karane vAloM ko unhoMne pazu zrarthAt prajJAnI zabda kA aneka bAra prayoga kiyA hai / anekAMta svarUpa spaSTIkaraNa karate hue jinendradeva ko bhAva- zrabhAva, guNaparyAya rUpa siddha kiyA hai| unake aMtaraMga - bahiraMga svarUpa ke darzana se aMtarbAhya zatru naSTa hue haiN| unhoMne kArya ko sAdhanavidhi se sambaddha honA batAyA hai, yathA "kAryaM hi sAdhanavidhi pratibaddhameva / " " ve likhate haiM ki yadi vijJAnatantu svabhAva meM lIna ho to kaSAya rUpa kanyA naSTa ho jAveM / zrajJAnI kaSAya tathA jJAnI prazamabhAva kA dhAraNa karate haiM / jinendradeva mAtra jJAtA haiM, kartA nahIM hai / jinendra ke tejasmaraNa se netra nimIlita ho jAte haiM / ve samasta vizva ke (jJAnadvArA ) bhoktA hai, sAmarthya vanta, aizvaryavanta, aMtarahita, niraMtara udita tathA advitIya mahimAvArI hai| unake udita rahane para bhI svArtha ko siddha karane vAle mithyAdRSTi jIva eka-eka dRSTi ko dhAraNa kara kyoM uchalakUda karate haiM ? yaha Azcarya kI bAta hai / aMta meM likhA hai ki vibhinna zrAtmazaktiyoM ke samUharUpa yaha AtmA nayadRSTi se khaNDa-khaNDa hokara zIghra ho nAtha ko prApta hotA hai, ataH maiM prakhaNDa, eka zAMta, avinAzI caitanya rUpa hU~ / yaha aMtima kathana samayasAra kalaza 270 ke kathana se sAmya rakhatA hai / tRtIya adhyAya meM AzIrvAdAtmaka maMgala paca ke sAtha sAmAyika kA svarUpa varNana karate hue likhA hai ki balapUrvaka mohavyUha ko chor3akara jJAna-darzana mAtra mahimAmayI nija grAtma dravya meM lIna honA sAmAyika hai / 14 jinendradeva svayaM aise sAmAyikasvarUpa pariNata hue haiN| sampUrNa adhyAya meM jinendra kA utkRSTa prAdhyAtmika cAritra prastuta kiyA hai / sabase nimnadazA ?. balkoTa - adhyAya 2 / bar3I, pradhyAva 2 ca 2 |

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366 1 | prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva prathama mithyAtva guNasthAna se lekara AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI sarvocca sthiti sarvajJatA laka kA prAtmA ke kramika vikAsa kA vivaraNa prastuta kiyA gayA hai / kramika vikAsa kI 14 sIr3hiyAM haiM, jinheM guNasthAna kahate haiM, gaNasthAnAtIla dazA siddhadazA hai, jo jainoM kA carama zrAdarza hai| vikAsa kA prArambha cauthe guNasthAna se hotA hai, jise samyavatva kahate haiN| samyaktva mumukSu kA mokSamArga kA pravezadvAra hai, jise amRtacandra ne maMgalAcaraNa meM "mArgAvatAra" zabda se IMgita kiyA hai / yaha mAgavitAra kA kSaNa parama AnaMdamaya hotA hai| lekhaka ne samyanasva aura uparokta sAmAyikA meM sAmya sthApita kiyA hai| prAge likhA hai ki jinendra ne pUrva meM bhAvasaMyama sahita dravyasaMmama dhAraNa kiyA thaa|' tapa kI mahimA se jinendra ke rAga-dveSa zAMta ho cuke the| ve una donoM ke jJAtA mAtra the / unhoMne zuddhopayoga kI bhUmikA meM darzanamoha kA kSaya kiyA thA / darzanamoha kA kSaya cauthe guNasthAna meM huaA thA / pazcAt zuddhopayoga rUpa kiMcit sthiratA dvArA prAMzika cAritramoha kA kSayopazama kiyA thaa| yaha kArya pA~caveM guNasthAna meM humA thA / chaThaveM guNasthAna meM pariSahajayI hue tathA dRDha zuddhopayoga kA pAlamtra lekara nikAMcita karma kA bhI kSaya kiyA thaa| ve paramasaMyamI tathA dvAdazAMga ke jJAtA hue the / unhoMne zuddha kSAyika jJAna meM zuzobhita aAtmadravya kA anubhava kiyA thaa| unhoMne piraMtara aMtarbAhya tapoM ke dvArA jJAna tathA cAritra kI pUrNatA prApta kI thii| sAtaveM guNa sthAna meM upazama zreNI mara mArohaNa kiyA aura mohAjA ko dabA diyA thaa| unhoMne anaMtaguNI pariNAma zuddhi dvArA kSapakazreNI para ArohaNa karake apUrvakaraNa nAmaka AThaveM gaNasthAna ko prApta kiyA thaa| Age anivRttikaraNa rUpa pariNAmoM ke prabhAva se zIghra hI bAdara (sthUla) karma rUpa kiTTimA ko dUra kiyA thA tathA navamAM gUNasthAna pAyA thaa| sUkSma karmarUpa kiTTimA ko naSTa karane para bhI sukSmalobha rUpa karma kAlimA meSa raha gaI thI. isa taraha sUkSmalobha nAmaka dasaveM guNa sthAna ko prApta kiyA thA / punaH anaMtamuNI pariNAma vizuddhi dvArA gyArahavA~ upazAMtamoha nAmaka guNasthAna prApta kiyA thaa| tatpazcAt unhoMne pRthakarava vIcAra zukladhyAna dhAraNa ka. 12vA~ kSINamoha nAmaka guNasthAna prApta kiyA tathA cAra ghAtiyoM karmoM kA kSaya karake kevalajJAna pragaTa kiyaa| yaha 13va guNasthAna bI dazA hai| unhoMne 1. latAda: - yarUpAya - 1. padya .. 2 | 9. vahI - apAya 3 : 5 "Timigina.............' syaadi|

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cAtiyAM : anaMtavIrya pragaTa karake lokAloka ko jAnA | Age 14veM juNa sthAna meM yogoM kA nirodha karake prayoga kevalI avasthA dhAraNa kI / aMta meM guNasthAnAtIta hokara siddhAvasthA ko prApta he| usa avasthA meM ne samasta dravyakame, nokarma tathA bhAvakarma se rahita hue| unhoMna anupameya siddha dazA ko pramaTe kiyaa| usa samaya mAgoM ne samasta lokAloka ko kevalajJAna meM saMkrAMta kara rahe ho, liva rahe ho, AkRSTa sA kara rahe hoM, saMrakSita sA kara rahe hoM. pI sA rahe hoM tathA utkRSTa anaMta vIrya se mAnoM pratyeka dizA meM svayaM pragaTa ho rahe hoN| isa prakAra siddhadazA kA utprekSA rUpa kathana karake unake samAna banane kI maMgala kAmanA karate hue adhyAya samApta kiyaa| caturtha adhyAya meM sarvajJatA kA hI pratipAdana calatA hai / vahA~ prathama hI kevalajJAnamayI sUrya ko namaskAra karate hue likhA ki jinandra kA teja mere anubhava meM Ane lagA hai / jinendra bhagavAna prAramarziyoM dvArA pUjya tathA tejavaMta haiM / ajJAniyoM ko mAtra eka bhAmita hote haiM. parantu jJAniyoM ko eka tayA aneka rUpa ekamAtha jJAta hote haiN| ve anaMtarUpa hokara bhI hai| unakI jJAnarUpa latA caramasImA taka vRddhiMgata hoka svabhAva meM hI krIDArA rahatI hai| ve anaMtanAta rUpa vAyu se samasta jagata ko kampina sA karate haiM, jisase sAdhaka kA mana bhI kampita sA ho uThatA hai / jinendra ke mAna samudra kI eka hI taraMga meM samasta loka apanI anaMtaparyAyoM sahita tairatA mA pratIla hotA hai / unake kevalajJAna rUpa teja meM cetana-patretana prakAzita hote haiM / aneka jinendra ko ekAMta daSTi se nahIM dekhA jA sktaa| pratyeka dravya kI paryAyeM aMtarbAdya kAraNoM ko sannidhi meM utpanna hotI haiM / samudra meM taraMgamAlA kI taraha zabdAvalI bhI jinendra ke dravyasvabhAva ko mahimA meM vilIna ho jAtI hai| unakA vidhi-nipeSarUpa svabhAva kRSNa va zuklapakSa kI bhAMti ubhayarUpatA ko nahIM chodd'taa| unake asti-nAsti, bhAva-bhAtra. eka neka rUpa svabhAva. Rma-akrama Adi cugala yugapat rahate haiM / padA) meM pA. mAne vAlI zaktiyA~ tarkaNA ke yogya nahIM hoto / jinendra ke samakSa kA rUpa kSaNikavAda dhvasta ho jAtA hai tathA da jagat ko prakAbhita karate hue bhI jagat sa bhinna rahate haiM para ko jAnana mAtra meM netanA meM doSa nahIM paataa| be paraz2ayoM meM rAga-draMpa va moha nahIM karate / unako jAna yoni meM parasadAryA yA pratibimba kalakatA hai| jo joba para padArthoM meM rakhA hai, unheM jinaMndrakA darzana nahIM ho sktaa| aMta meM unake aMtaraMga bahiraMga vaibhava nA vizada anubhava ko dhyAna jamA hotA hai /

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368 / | prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva paMcama adhyAya meM bhI ukta sarvajJatA hI pratipAdya hai| prArambha meM virodhAbhAsa alaMkAra kA prayoga karate hue likhA hai ki he jinendra ! Apa vRddhi ko prApta na hone para bhI unnati ko prApta ho rahe haiM, namrIbhUta na hone para bhI atyanta namra haiM aura avasthita ekarUpa hokara bhI saba ora vistAra meM vyApta ho rahe haiN| ApakA anAdi anaMta vaibhava pravAha suzobhita hotA hai / vaha vaibhava Adi madhya tathA aMta se rahita hai, vikArahita, jJAnamAtra rUpa se spaSTa hai / yadyapi mahAsattA meM Apa garbhita haiM, tathApi mahAsattA Apake jJAna meM gabhita hai| Apa samasta zabdAnugama se gambhIra va jJAna se lokAlAka ko grAsa karane vAle haiN| prApakI jJAnasattA dvArA parapadArtha vyApta na hone para bhI ve caitanyakt suzobhita hote haiN| padArthasattA arthasamUha kA ullaMghana na karatI huI Apake jJAna meM pratyakSa hotI hai| zabdasattA pudgalapane kA ullaMghana nahIM karato haI Apake jJAna meM pratibimbata hotI hai / prameya ke binA jJAna meM pramANatA nahIM tathA pramANa binA prameyatA sambhava nahIM hai / pramANa meM prameya kA tathA jJAna meM jJeya kA niSedha sambhava nahIM ho sakatA / vAcya-vAcaka sambandha na hone para bhI pApa samasta padArthoM ke vAcaka - prakAzaka haiM / kramabaddha paryAyoM dvArA sApake sarvaguNoM kA vaibhava yugapat prakAhita hotA hai / kramarUpa paryAya tathA prakrama rUpa guNa ko gauNa karane para grApa eka, akhaNDa hI pratibhAsita hote haiN| pradeza bheda rUpa tiryakpracava, kSaNabheda rUpa urdhvapracaya ke sAtha samasta padArtha Apake jJAna meM jhalakate haiM, parantu Apako unase mamatva nahIM hai| Apa niraMza hokara bhI anaMtAMzoM ko prakAzita karate haiN| prakhaNTu sattA vAle aneka drazya khaNDa aApake jJAna meM pRthaka-pRthaka bhAsita hote haiN| pApa sarvadravyoM ko sAmAnya-vizeSarUpa se jAnate haiN| anaMta avasthA sahita anaMta dravyoM ko Apa jAnate haiM / anaMta arthaparyAyoM tathA vyaMjanaparyAyoM se yukta astitva ko na tyAgatA huA dravya sampUrNataH prApake jJAna meM AtA hai| paryAyeM dravya ko tathA dravya paryAyoM ko chor3ane meM samartha nahIM haiM / ApakI abheda tathA bheda yukta jJAnadRSTiyAM sarvatra vicaratI haiN| bhinna tathA abhinna rUpa se avasthita samasta padArthoM ke jJAna se sampanna prApakA baibhava hai| Apa anaMta catuSTaya vibhUti se suzobhita haiM / aApa yAtmAzrita hone se svarUpamagna haiM tathA parAzrita hone se samavazaraNa meM sthita haiN| he jinendra ! mujhe tapadvArA prajjavalita karo, jisase samasta carAcara jagata mere jJAna meM prakAzita ho utthe| isa taraha ukta adhyAya samApta huaa|

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kRtiyoM ] | 366 - SaSTha adhyAya meM punaH nirgrantha jina ke tapasyApUrNa mArga kA, guNa sthAnAnusAra vikAsa prakriyA kA varNana hai| jinendra ne mithyAcAritra ko samyagcAritra se dUra kiyA thA / ve utkRSTa vairAgya, nispRha tapa se yukta tathA saMsAra ke kautuhala me mukta the| unhoMne saMsAra mArga ko chor3akara mokSamArga ko pAyA thA tathA mokSamArga kA pravartana kiyA thA / unakA dhairya praskhAr3a thaa| ve mokSamArga meM akele hI bihAra karate the / unhoMne sAdhanAkAla meM tapoM dvArA avipAka nirjarA kI thii| sAtha hI kaSAya rUpa karmaraja ko naSTa karate hae kSapaka zreNI para ArohaNa kiyA thaa| apane nirmala jJAna-dhyAna saMtati dvArA sthUla tathA sUkSma kaSAyoM kA kSaya karake sUkSmasAmpa rAya tathA kSINakaSAya avasthA prApta kI thii| unhoMne sAmparAyika pAtratra ko pArakara. Ipica prAva kI dazA ko pAyA thA aura zukladhyAna dvArA kSINakapAya guNasthAna meM pahu~ca the / pazcAt kevalajJAna pAkA sampUrNa jagan ko jAnA aura vijJAnaghana svarUpa hue| Aga prAyu karma ko bhI kSINa karake siddhapada pAyA thA / unameM anaMta vIrya Adi guNoM se pUrNatA pragaTI thI, kyoMki isa jagat meM dravya apane vastutva guNa ko chor3akara anya dravya ke sAtha kabhI bhI ekarUpatA sthApita nahIM krtaa| jinendra ne tInoM lokoM ko dekhA tathA anaMtameyoM ko jAnane ke kAraNa anaMtarUpatA ko bhI pAyA thA / ve trikAladarzI hokara, svarUpa meM suzobhita the| ve yAtmajJa hue| unhoMne anaMta jJeyoM sahita nijAtmA ko jAnA thA tathA vartamAna meM jAnate haiN| unake jJAna kA akSuNNa pravAha sadA jArI rahatA hai| unameM anaMta zaktiyA~ sphuzayamAna ho uThI haiM, ve unase suzobhita haiN| ve svarUpagupta - surakSita. nirAkUla tathA para se zUnya rUpa meM suzobhita haiM / aMta meM prAtmalaghutA kA pradarzana karate hue likhA hai ki yadi isa stuti dvArA mujha meM Apa jaisA caitanyateja nahIM pragaTatA to vaha merI hI jar3atA hai| ApakA usameM kucha bhI kAraNapanA nhiiN| isa taraha ukta adhyAya samApta hotA hai / saptama adhyAya meM prArambha meM stutikAra pUrNataH jinendra kI zaraNa lene kI sUcanA dete haiM / ve likhate haiM ki he jinendra ! merA matijJAna rUpa prakAza atyalpa hai| merA jJAna avikasita tathA prAcchAdita hai| pApa mujha para kRpAkara amRtavarSA karate haiM, tathApi maiM zaktihIna hone se usa amRta ko kitanA pI sakatA hU~ arthAt thor3I sAmarthyAnusAra pItA huuN| prApakI jJAnAmRta kI cUda bhI mujhe auSadhimamAna guNakArI hai / ApakA aMtaraMga tApA bahiraMga saMyama akhaNDa hai 1 maiM ukta ubhaya prakAra ke saMyama se Apake samAna

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370 / | prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kaTutva ho jaauuNgaa| maiM saMyamalandhi guNasthAna meM hU~ tathA pApa terahaveM sayoga kevalI guNasthAna meM haiM, ataH mujhase Apa bahuta dUra haiN| maiM to Apake svarUpa kA yathArtha vizleSaNa karane vAlA hai| viveka dhArA se merA mana utkRSTatA ko prApta ho rahA hai / Apane samatA rUpI ajUta dvArA karma rUpa kAlimA ko naSTa kiyA hai / aApane rAga kA zoSaNa kiyA hai, jabaki anya devagaNa rAga meM hI lipta ho rahe haiM / Apane saMyama mArga kI kucha zubhakriyAoM kA avalambana kara samasta pApa-kriyAoM ko nAza kiyA tathApi zubhakriyA ke bhI kartRtva se dUra rhe| Apa jJAnasvarUpa meM magna, parama audArika zarIra dhArI haiM / ApakI samasta zaktiyA~ Apake svabhAva ko nahIM bhedatI / ApakA phevalajAna teja utkRSTa tathA jayavaMta hai / Apa apane kevalajJAna meM pratibimbita vizva ko sparzate hue bhI para se abhibhUta nahIM hote / gyApa mAtra jJAtA haiM kartA nhiiN| aApakA anaMtazakti sampanna kevalajJAna kabhI skhalita nahIM hotaa| prApakA svabhAva sakAla kAraka cakra kI prakriyA se pAra hai| ApakA kevalajJAma na to pravartana karatA hai aura na hI prativartana karatA hai, apitu sva vartana karatA hai / grApa paripUrNa hokara bhI paripUrNa ho rahe haiN| Apa tupta hokara mI tapta, buddhigata hokara bhI vRddhigata ho rahe haiN| prAyakA samyagjJAna kabhI bhI sarvapadArthoM ko jAnane kI zakti ko nahIM chor3A: mahabApakA pratAyata tejasvIsvarUpa aura kahA~ merA ajJAnAndhakAra rUpa pardA, donoM kI kathA kaise ho sakatI hai ? prApa dasoM dizAoM meM prakAzita hai / anta meM stutikAra likhata haiM ki he jinendra pAeko mahimA kA guNagAna vAstava meM kevalajJAna se yA viziSTa jJAniyoM se hI sambhava hai / aSTama adhyAya meM jinendra ko sarvotkRSTa upadeSTA - prApta ke rUpa meM maraNa kiyA hai / stutikAra kahate haiM ki he jinendra pApakA saMsAradazA kA rAgIsvabhAva aba mokSamArga meM zAnta ho cukA hai / kaSAya kA kSaya hI ekamAtra mukti kA kAraNa prApane batAyA hai| Apane eka hone para bhI aneka kamAtra samUha ko jItA hai| deva-dAnavoM Adi sabhI ne prApake mukha se vastusvarUpa ko dikhAne vAlA syAhAdasvarUpa sUnA tathA jAnA hai / zuddha abhiprAya vAle hI sApakI nayAtmaka vANI dvArA artha avadhAraNa kara sakate haiM / sthAdvAda kI mudrA ke vinA gabda zakti sarvAMzoM ke prakAzana meM skhalita samartha) ho jAtI hai / sata kA kathana asata' sApekSa hotA hai| yadi aisA na hotA to vastusvabhAva apanI maryAdA tor3a detA ? sattA dvArA samasta vizva nahIM giyA jA sakatA, parantu samasA kinna. drArA gattA ko giyA jA sakatA

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MAMIO hatiyA~ / 1 371 hai / AtmA-vizva ke eka aMza rUpa se sat hai, vahI vizvarUpa na hone se usa apekSA se asat hai / jJAnaghana AtmA-vizva ke anAdisiddha nAnApane ko naSTa nahIM kara sktaa| sabako jAnakara bhI cetana tathA acetana ke svarUpa ko nAza nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / jaise murde meM aneka saMskAra karane para mo cetanatva kI pratIkSiAhIM hotii| vidhya sArA nirUpaNa karane vAlI syAvAda rUpa mudrA pratyakSa khar3I pratIta hotI hai| prApaka siddhAntoM tathA anyamatiyoM ke siddhAntoM meM bahuta bar3A antara hai 1 gApane syAhAda mudrA kI racanA kI hai, jo bastu ke tat-pratat svabhAva / prakAzaka hai| Apa sva-para ke duHkha nAzaka haiN| anya matiyoM ko khedotavAda tathA gumukSayoM ke upAsya haiM / ApakA zAsana jagat ke prANiyoM ke duHkhoM ko dUra karane vAlA hai| samarasI mahAmuniyoM ko mahAduHkha bhI sukha rUpa lagate haiN| jaise billI ko garma dUdha bhI rucikara lagatA hai / Apa sarvajJatA tathA nirdoSatA sahita zreSTha prApta haiM / zabda paramabrahma bhI Apa hI haiM / isa naraha ukta adhyAya samApta hotA hai| navama adhyAya meM punaH jinendra nirgrantha jina) ke gAvyAtmika caritra kA varNana hai / isameM jinendra kI pUrvasAdhanA kA vivaraNa he| pUrva meM ve anya matiyoM dvArA nindA kiye jAne para bhI apane svarUpa sAdhanA ke mArga se vicalita nahIM hue| ApanaM ekAkI rahA tathA antaraMga-bahiraMga parigraha tyAgane kI pratijJA kI aura pAmara prANiyoM para dayA kI / prApa varatusvarUpa ke vicAra meM nirata: chahakAya ke jIvoM kI dayA ke pAlaka pakSapAta rahita hokara bhI prANiyoM ke hita ke pakSapAtI the / grahAgi sUryakiraNa Apake zarIra ko jalAtI thI, aApakA prAtmA to amRtakaNa kI bhAMti hI thA / pApa samatA rasa ke bhAra se zithila ho rahe the tathA yoga dhAraNakara mRtakavat nizceSTa the, usa samaya zRgAloM dvArA prApakA zarIra vidIrNa diyA gayA thA / aApane ardhaM tathA pUrNa mAsopavAsa karake mohamvara ko nAza triyA thA / bApane anya tathA pUrNasaMyama pragaTane se Apa sarvajJa bane the| usa samaya aapH| mokSamArga kA upadeza diyA thA / aApake samagra upadeza kA nAra yaha hai ki antaraMga kI kaSAyoM ko kSaya karate hue zakti anusAra cAritra sAraNa kara / jJAnapradhAnacAritra kI mahattA dikhAte hue likhA hai ki sabhyAjJAna pUrvaka hI samyakcAritra hotA hai / sAtha hI samyakcAritra rahita jJAna bhI ahetubana hotA hai / Apane parama yathAkhyAta cAritra ko pAkara kAlAya tathA yoga nirodha dvArA, manuSya prAyu ke aMtima kSaNa ko pUrNa kara agni kI zigdA ke samAna urdhvagati siddhAvasthA ko prApta kiyA thaa| aApa ananta caturAya yukta hai|

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372 / . AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva vIrya-zakti darzana-zAna kI tIkSNatA ko tathA darzana-zAna kI tIkSNatA nirAkulatA ko aura nirAkulatA sukha ko paidA karatI hai / he jinendra ! prApa aise nirAkula-sukha se tanmaya hae haiN| tRSNA kA abhAva, akhaNDita vIrya, nidhijJAna ityAdi jo sukha ke kAraNa haiM, ve Apa meM vidyamAna haiN| prApa saMsAra nAma se thaka, dizA meM sthita tathA tInoM kAla kI paryAyamAlA sahila prAtmatatva ko dekhate va jAnate haiN| Apa samasta vizva ke avibhAgI praticchedoM ko bhI jAnate haiN| Apa pramAtA va prameya rUpa se tanmayI haiM. tathApi ekatva ko prApta nahIM hote / paradravya ke pradezoM me dravya pradezavAna nahIM hotA apitu svapradezoM se pradezavAna hotA hai| Apake anantadarzana va jJAna meM lokAloka jhalakate haiM, yahI unake prati prApakA upakAra hai / Apa darzanajJAnamayI mUrti hokara bhI nAnA jJeyoM ke apekSA nAnArUpa bhI haiM / Apa sadA svabhAva sImA meM bhagna rahate haiM / trikAlavartI akhila-vizva ke jJAtA Apake jJAna meM ananta vizvoM ko jAnane kI sAmarthya hai| ApakI sAmarthya apratihata hai / maiM jagat ke paribhramaNa se thaka cukA hai, ataH prANapaNa se ApakI zaraNa letA huuN| mujhe andha vivAdoM se koI prayojana nahIM hai| dazama adhyAya meM zuddhanaya kI dRSTi se jinendra kA smaraNa kiyA hai| zuddhanaya meM samasta naya gabhita haiM / anantacatuSTayayukta caitanya 'camatkAra mAtra ApakA mpa hai| ApakA caitanya rama pravAha kisI se rokA nahIM jA sktaa| AkA nirmala teja uttarottara uchalatA hai / ApakI cetanya mahimA meM samasta vizva DUbA sA lagatA hai / ApakA svabhAva rasa, vibhAva paraNati se bhinna hai| usameM vikalpa jAla nahIM hai| ApakI dRSTi svabhAva se pratibaddha hai| Apa siddhAlaya pAne vAle haiN| ApakA jJAna sarvataH suzobhita hai / ApakI anubhUti akhaNDita hai / anAdi kAla se utpAda-vyaya karate hue bhI Apa Atmateja ko nahIM chodd'te| ApakI catanya-zakti ke vikAsa se, . sugaMdha phaila rahI hai / Apa namaka kI DalI kI bhAMti eka jJAyakasvabhAva tathA svAnubhava se paripUrNa haiN| barphapiNDa kI taraha Atmarasa se paripUrNa haiM / Apa apAra bAMdhAmRta sAgara hokara bhI sva ke pAradazI haiM / Apake svAnubhava meM jJAna kA sAra samAyA hai / ApakA svabhAva anubhavamaya hai / Apa kArakamaya hokara bhI kArakoM ke cakroM se pAra haiM / Apa kAla se kalaMkita nahIM hote| Apa eka svabhAvI, jJAnamAtra haiN| pApa meM mizraNa bhI nahIM tathA zUnyatA bhI nahIM hai / pApa bhAvarUpa tathA caitanya svarUpa haiN| maiM bhI cidbhAva rupatA ko dhAraNa karatA huuN|

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kRtiyA~ ] ekAdaza adhyAya meM bhI zuddhanaya kI dRSTi se kathana kiyA hai / prArabha meM likhA hai ki he jinendra prApane mithyAtvarUpa rAtri ko nAza kiyA hai tathA caitanyadvAroM se pApa naSTa hote haiM, aisA upadeza diyA hai / samyagjJAna rUpa agni samasta vizva ko cAhatI hai, parantu pApa utanA hI jJeya use pradAna karate haiM, jitane se prAkulatA na ho / jJAnAgni karma rUpa Idhana ko jalAtI hai tathA prAtmaguNoM kA poSaNa karatI hai / ApakA anupama vIrya anubhava meM prAtA hai| Apa anantabalayUkta, anantazeyoM ko jAnate hae aMtarlIna haiN| prApare samasta padArthoM ko jAna liyA hai, ataH aba kucha bhI jAnanA bAkI nahIM rahA hai| pApa ekarUpa tathA anekarUpa haiN| pApakA upayoga sAkAra (jJAna) tathA anAkAra (darzana) rUpa se do prakAra kA hai / Apa meM darzana, jJAna tathA anaMtabala sadA vidyamAna rahate haiN| Apa niSpramAda jJAtA-dRSTA haiM / prApakA darzana-zAna avinazkara hai| Apa SaTkAraka rUpa haiN| ApakA dekhanA jAnanA svabhAvataH hai, para zeyoM ke kAraNa nahIM hai / Apake darzana va jJAna kabhI bhI Apase pRthaka nahIM hote / Apane SaTkAraka cakra ko antagar3ha kiyA hai| darzana-jJAna kI kriyA se zobhita pApa kartA, karma tathA karaNarUpa haiM / SaTkArakoM ko aMtagar3ha karane meM prApana nipuNatA prApta kI hai| Apa nirAkula, akhaMDita, aMtarbAhya jyoti rUpa hai| Apake dvArA kathita tasva ko dhAraNa karane vAlA ekAMtI nahIM hotaa| Apa ananta zaktiyoM se zobhAyamAna haiN| dIpaka kI agni se vyApta bAtI kI nIti kI taraha maiM Apase tanmaya hotA huuN| ___ dvAdaza adhyAya meM bhI ukta zuddhanaya kI dRSTi se varNana kiyA hai / jinendra ko namaskAra karate hae, unheM anekarUpa hokara bhI ekarUpa hI siddha kiyaa| AkAza tathA kAlagata paryAya bhI jinendra ke jJAna ko naSTa nahIM kara sktii| ve svacatuSTya rUpa haiM, para rUpa nahIM hai| sarvajJa rUpa se jAne jAte haiN| ve eka jJAna rUpa hokara bhI anantajJAna rUpa pariNamate haiM / ve zuddhanaya ke samudra haiN| he jinendra ApakI jJAnadhArA Rma ko AkrAnta karake, anAma se khIMcatI huI, krama se khIMcI jA rahI hai| paryAya kramamutraH (kramabaddha) hai / paryAyApekSA Apa aneka rUpa tathA dravyApekSA eka rUpa hai / Apana ananta bhUta, bhaviSya tathA vartamAna ko dhAraNa kara ekarUpatA nahIM chodd'ii| ApakI gaharAI tathA U~cAI ajJAta hai| antarbAhya prakAza rUpa, grApa AkSepa - parihAra (vidhi-niSedha nIti se suzobhita haiN| pApa tad-atad rampa svarUpasattAvalambI, sAdhAraNa meM asAdhAraNatA dhAraNa karane vAle haiN| zrApa jJAna zakti

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: prAcArya pragRta candra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva dvArA anaMtadharmAtmaka svabhAva meM avagAhana karate haiM / nanvayIgaNa, vyatirekI paryAya parampara nimagna hosI I nyApa meM nigA hozIla hai :o nAmAda Adi cAra prakAra ke prabhAvoM kI carcA kI hai / paryAyalava ko anitya tathA dravyatattva ko nitya batAte hue jinendra ko utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvya rUpa likhA hai / Apa bhAtra ko prabhAvatA tathA prabhAva ko bhAvatA prApta karAte haiM / prApa hetu tathA hetumAna bhI haiN| satsAmAnyApekSA Apa na kAryarUpa haiM aura na hI kAraNa rUpa haiM, apitu akhaNDa eka rUpa haiM / Apa paripUrNa hokara bhI vibhAva se khAlI haiM, khAlI hokara bhI svAbhAvika guNoM se paripUrNa haiM tathA pUrNa hokara bhI khAlI va khAlI hokara bhI kucha vRddhi rUpa (arthAt SaDguNI hAni vRddhirUpa) hote haiN| jisa prakAra yApa vijJAnaghana svabhAvI haiM, usI prakAra meM bhI bnuu| trayodaza adhyAya meM zuddhagaya kI dRSTi se darzana kI sarvocca ! dikhAI hai / prAtmA ke saMkoca-vistAra svarUpa kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai / stutikAra likhate haiM ki he jinendra prApakA jJAnamayo divya zarIra sva-para prakAzaka hai / Apa aAdi aMta rahita, trikAlavartI paryAyoM kA samUha, caitanyacamatkAra mAtra haiN| usake sAtha hI sukha, vIrya Adi zaktiyoM kA vedana hotA hai| Apa anaMtadharmAtmaka, upayogamayI hai| cetana kabhI acetana nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki paradrajya anyadravya kI zakti haraNa nahIM kara sktaa| Apa sva-para prameya ke jAnakAra haiN| acevanapadArtha kA jJAna acetana se nahIM, cetana se hotA hai / AtmajJAna meM parajJeyoM kA jJAna siddha hotA hai / para ke jJAna binA nija kA bhI jJAna saccA nahIM hotA / darzana guNa para padArthoM ke jJAna se dUra rahatA hai| pUrNa svAdhIna prAtmA ke sahakArI kAraNoM kA abhAva hai| jJAna hI sva-para. prakAzaka hai| AtmaghAtI, anAnIjana hI parapadArthoM kA sparza karate haiM tathA unase sahakAra kI apekSA karate haiN| prAtmA jJeya-jJAyaka ke bhedavAlA tathA abhedarUpa bhI hai / sUrya ke prakAza meM jagat prakAzita ho to bhale ho, parantu sUrya ko to prakAzapane kI icchA nahIM hai, isI taraha yadi jagat svayaM hI jJeya banatA hai to vana, jJAna to binA icchA ke jJAtA hai| ajJAnI hI para prakAzana kI icchA karate haiM / aApakA svarUpa sahaja sva-para prakAzaka hai / nizcaya-vyavahAra rUpa isa jagat kI sthiti hrAsa ko prApta nahIM hotii| ApakI cetanA sahaja sphurita hai, usameM bheda parakRta hotA hai, jo Apako svIkArya nahIM hai / aApa anaMtavIrya, kSAyika jJAna tathA vItarAgatA sahita / haiM / bahiraMga kAraNoM meM nimitta mAtra panA hotA hai, aisA vastu kA nizcita

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kRtiyA~ | | 3.75 niyama hai | ApakA kevalajJAna sakala vizva ko vyApta karatA hai| usakI eka kalA mAtra prANI ko anubhUti karAtI hai / zrAtmA sva para prakAzaka zakti bAlA hai / caturdaza adhyAya meM jinendra ke pratyeka guNa kA alaga-alaga tathA ekasAtha nidarzana karAyA hai| jinendra sAmAnyApekSA eka caitanyamAtra prabheda haiM, vizeSApekSA darzana jJAna rUpa bheda hai / ve ekAMtadRSTiyoM ko jJAnagocara nahIM hote| unakI prarUpaNA AtmA ke svarUpa samajhane vAloM ke lie hai / Apa paryAya se utpanna dravya se anupa haiM, samudAya rUpa se eka tathA jayava rUpa se aneka haiM | Apa nitya zranitya tathA anAdi anaMta jJAna sAgara rUpa haiM / sAmAnya jJAnadRSTi se eka tathA vikalpadRSTi se aneka haiM, parantu donoM hI avasthAoM meM vibhAgI praticchedoM se samAna hI rahate haiM / Apa vRddhiMgata hokara bhI vRddhi ko prApta nahIM hote, ghaTate hue bhI ghaTate nahIM aura na hI ghaTate haiM, na bar3hate haiM / vastu kA svabhAva pariNAmamaya hai / svabhAva meM tarka karanA nirarthaka hai / zrApakA pratyakSa svarUpa prajJAnI kI pratIti se pare haiM / jJAniyoM kI dRSTi para para par3I rahatI hai, jabaki zrApa nijamahimA meM lIna rahate haiM / sva vagara ke bhedajJAna ke lie vidhi-niSedha rUpa paddhati se nirNaya karanA cAhie / darzana guNa svayaM pratibhAsita hotA hai, use para padArthoM se prayojana nahIM hai / Apa dRzya padArthoM se virakta tathA parapadArthoM ke prakAzaka haiM | hai jinendra, darzana-jJAna kI bijaliyA~ mAno caMdobA racatIM haiM, samasta jagat mAno grApake jJAnamukha meM grAsIbhUta hotA hai / sarvazadazA hone para sarvajagat ApakA pratibimba jaisA lagatA hai / AtmA mAtra jJAyaka hai / usake darzana - jJAna kI kriyA se saMsAra bIja nAza hotA hai / bhedajJAnI kriyA meM nahIM ramatA hai / saMsAra ke kAraNoM ke nAza se mukti hotI hai / prApa matsyAvatAra kI bhAMti punaH janma dhAraNa nahIM va rate | ApakA samAgama hI sukha haiM tathA viyoga hI duHkha hai / ve dhanya haiM, jinameM prApa sthita haiM / prApa sakala paramAtmA haiN| Apa meM ekadeza saMlagna hone para bhI kaSAya mala nahIM lagatA / paMcadaza adhyAya meM pUrvokta vidhiniSedha paddhati kA hI spaSTIkaraNa prastuta hai / ApakA AzcaryakArI pada kevalI ke jJAnagamya hai / zrApakA rasAsvAdI, ganne ke svAda meM pratRpta bAlaka kI taraha saMtuSTa nahIM hotA / zrApakA jJAnAstra parapadArthoM para par3ate rahane se bhothalA nahIM hotA / zrApake darzana rUpa mastra kA parAkrama lokAloka meM phaila rahA hai / dravya paryAya vinA

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376 ] | prAcArya amRtanandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva ! tathA paryAya dravya binA udita nahIM hote / sUrya va prakAza kI bhAMti AthayI tathA prAzraya paraspara Azrita hote haiM / asti nAsti se tathA nAsti asti se bAdhita hotA hai, parantu ubhaya pakSoM se bastusvarUpa siddha hotA hai / svacatuSTayApekSA padArtha hote haiM, parApekSA nahIM / ApakA mahAtmya vAcya tathA avAcya ubhayarUpa hai / vaha kramazaH vaktavya hai tathA yugapat pravaktavya hai| isI taraha eka-aneka, avayava-avayayI, nitya-anitya ityAdi yugaloM dvArA jinendra stuti kI hai| jinendra ke mata meM aMtaraMga tathA bahiraMga ubhayakAraNoM ko yathArUpa 'vIkArA gayA hai| ApakA jJAna svakAraNa se tathA usameM bheda para kAraNa se hotA hai| prApakA upayoga sva-para avabhAsaka hai / sva-para ko maNimaya dIpaka kI taraha pApa prakAzita karate haiM / vastu kA yaha gaurava hai ki eka dravya dUsare dravya rUpa nahIM hotA / ApakI sthiti svAzrayI parAzrayI ubhaya prakAra kI hai / Apa sarvavyApI hokara bhI svasImA meM sImita hai| apavAda (niSedha), tathA utsarga (vidhi) se prApakI mahimA tata-pratAta rUpa haiN| nizcaya se Apa gati rahita haiM, vyavahAra se gati yukta haiM / pele gaye ganne se chalakate hue rasa kI bhAMti zrApakI vivecanA meM pratimA kA pUra chalakatA hai| aApake caraNakamala pAkara merI moha rUpa rAtri samApta ho gaI hai / Apa mujhe apanI goda meM sthita kIjiye / Sor3aza adhyAya meM maMgalAcaraNa karate hue stutikAra likhate haiM ki he jinendra Apa anaMtajJAna rUpa amRtarasa ke pradAtA haiN| zAMtarasa ke kalazoM se dhulane se ApakA kaprAyampa raMga nikala gayA hai| jJAnazastra se kaSAyoM kA nArAkara aApane yAtmazaktiyoM ko vikasita kiyA hai / aMnatabhavarUpI mambhIra garta se nirmala jJAna kA pravAha bahatA hai| pApa meM somAtIta gambhIratA tathA udAratA hai / Apa anaMtajJAna se pUrNa, parimita pradezI tathA vaibhavayukta haiN| svabhAva ke prAthaya ke kAraNa naSTa nahIM hote / Apake jJAna meM sarvajJeya pratibimbita tathA matsyasamUha kI bhAMti tairate pratIta hote haiM / ApameM jJAna jJeya sambandha hone para bhI zaMkara doSa nahIM hai / bhedAbheda rUpa prAtmA anubhava gamya hai / mApa aneka tathA eka svabhAva kA anubhava karate hue anaMta zaktiyoM ke kAraNa anaMta hai| anaMta bhAvarUpa pariNamana ke sAtha prApakA vaibhava pragaTa hotA hai| ApakA jJAna samasta guNaparyAyoM sahita paradravyoM ko pI sA rahA hai / ApakA jJAnAstra tIkSNa hai tathA Apa jJAna lakSmI se suzobhita haiN| carAcara ko catanyabhAva rUpa karAtA hamrA pApakA jJAna hai, usameM vaha jJAna bhAvalakSmI se suzobhita hai / carAcara ko caitanyabhAva

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kRniyA~ / [ 377 rUpa kagatA huaA AparA jJAna hai, usameM vaha jJAna bhAvalakSmI se suzobhita hai / carAcara ko caitanyabhAvarUpa karatA hA ApakA jJAna hai, usameM vaha bhinnatA ko pratIti karAtA hai / prakAzahIna jagat Apake jJAnaprakAza se prakAzita hai / pApakA jJAna vizva ko jAnakara bhI vizvarUpa nahIM hotA / aApakI samasta mAnTiyAM Atmarasa se sicita haiN| yadyapi paramAgama trikAla va triloka kA prakAzaka hai, tathApi Apake kevalajJAna ke samakSa vaha juganuvat hI hai / he jinendra merA zrutajJAna zIghra hI kevalajJAnarUpa bane / ____ saptadaza adhyAya meM syAt pada aura usake pratipAdya kI carcA kI hai| vidhi-niSedharUpa dravyoM kA svarUpa nyAn pada dvArA hI pratipAdya hotA hai / zabda yAtmA kI trikAlI dagAoM kA pratipAdana nahIM kara sakate / nAsti pakSa kI nirUpaNa kI asamarthatA ko syAtpada ke prayoga dvArA dUra karate haiN| zabda bidhi pakSa ko madhurarUpa meM tathA niSedha pakSa ko aTukarUpa meM vyakta karane hai / zabdoM yA vastu bAnya-vAcaka ko bhinnatA banI rahatI hai| zabda artharUpatA ko dhAraNa nahIM kara sakate, kyoMki ghaTa zabda va ghaTa artha meM bhedapanA hai. abhedapanA nahIM / jagat ko sala rUpa kahakara samasta vastuproM ko prakaTa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA, kyoMki sat ko svayaM asat kI apekSA hotI hai / agti kI prAtmAnubhUti para kI nAsti pUrvaka hI hotI hai / tathA nAsti kI anubhUti asti pUrvaka hotI hai / jagat meM sva-para kA vibhAga hai, ataH eka pakSa ke kathana meM dUsarA pakSa chUTa jAtA hai ! ekAMta rUpa se jagat ko sat yA asat kahanA nahIM banatA, kyoMki ve donoM paraspara sApekSa haiN| vastu meM bhAva va prabhAva tathA asti meM nAsti dhvanita hai| isI taraha nAsti meM asti dhvanina hai| vidhi pakSa pragaTa karane para niSedha pakSa bhI pragada hotA hai| bhyAna pada meM dvidhA nirUpaka zakti hai| zabda kI dvaM dhatA syAt pada se pragaTa hotI hai / eka pada meM do pakSa vyakta ho sakate to syAt pada kI jarUrata na hotI / ubhaya pakSoM kI pragaTatA syAhAda meM hI hotI hai| vivakSita kathana mRmaya tathA avivikSita gauNa hotA hai / myAtkAra binA padArthoM kI anaMtatA tathA vidhi apekSA binA maryAdA vyakta karanA sambhava nahIM hai / vidhi niSedha meM bhI paraspara maitrI hai, ataH syAdAda ke mAdhyama se hI nijAtmA ke svarUpa kI bharI bjaayo| aSTAdaza adhyAya meM bhI dravya ke dUta svabhAva kI carcA kI hai| kevalajJAna jyoti ko smaraNa karate hue ekaba anekatva, sAmAnya vizeSa, ekarUpa anakarUpa, eka aneka meM paraspara sambandha, nityAnityatA, dravya-paryAya

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370 | [ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva kI abhinnatA, bhAva-abhAva tathA uname paraspara sApekSapanA, dravya kA vAcpanA tathA avAcyapanA, unameM bhI sApekSatA, jinendra kA vAnya avAcya svarUpa, zuddhabhAva kAraNa samUha meM tathA kAraka samUha zuddha bhAva meM lIna honA, kArya va kAraNapana kI dvirUpatA ityAdi kA vivecana kiyA hai| Age kahA ki loga jJAna meM nimittalA bAhya padArthoM ko mAdA hetu mAra do nako haiM to bakate raheM, parantu bAhya hetu kadApi antaraMga hetu nahIM ho sktaa| vAstava meM jinendra ne apane svayaM upAdAna kAraNa se vizvavyApI vijJAnadhana gvabhAva pragaTAyA hai / vyavahAra se kartA-karma bhinna kahe jAte haiM paramArtha se ve bhinna nahIM hai| aApa svataH aAdhAra evaM prAdheya haiN| jJAtA-jJeya tathA bAcaka-vAcya donoM meM bhinnatA hai / Apa bhaviSyat apekSA siddha the, vartamAna meM bhI siddha haiM tathA bhUtakAla meM aApake rAgadazA thI, jo vartamAna meM vItarAga rUpa ho cukI hai| grApa eka rahakara punaH punaH utpanna hote haiM, tathApi vaha anya dravya kI utpatti nahIM hai| grAma vijJAnadhanasvabhAva eka rUpa haiM tathA darzana jJAnAdi apekSA aneka rUpa haiM / he jinendra Apa viruddhadharma maMyukta vaMbhava vAle haiM / svatattva kA aArAdhaka Apa meM praveza pAtA hai| ekonavinA adhyAya meM bhI upayukta dvata svabhAva kI carcA hai / jinendra parAzraya, zUnya,saMkara doSa prAdi se rahita haiM / AtmaparAyaNa haiM, caitanya yukta, pudgala bhinna haiM tathA AtmAnanda meM ramaNa karane vAle haiN| Apa nijabhAva se paripUrNa, eka - sAmA-ya rUpa haiN| prava, nitya vizeSaNa yukta haiN| pApa kabhI prabhAva pAtA ko nahIM dhAraNa krte| Apake vizeSaNa para se bhinna, sva meM abhinna haiM / prAtmaNoM kI bhAvanA se svAnubhUti pragaTatI hai | vyavahAra se kAraka bheda Apa meM haiM, nizcaya se nahIM haiN| kAraNa me kArya hotA hai / karmAkarma kI kalpanA kalaMka hai | Apa caitanya, traikAlika, stra-para prakAzaka, mAnarUpa, azuddhi rahita, bhrama rahita, vibhAmaya, nirAkUla, pAzcaryakArI tejayukta, vidhiniSedha svabhAva maya tathA apanI vimA se vanoMdizAmoM kuta tathA kAla kRta bheda ko miTAne vAle haiN| ApakA jJAna svAdhIna hai / aApako jAnane kA prayAsa karane vAlA sva-para jJAnI hotA hai / maiM bhI madhyastha hokara apanI vibhA kA anubhava taba taka karatA hU~ jaba taka pUrNa jJAna jyoni nahIM pragaTatI / viza adhyAya meM pramukhataH ekAMtavAdI bauddhamata kI aAlocanA prasta kI hai / va likhate haiM ki sarvathA ekAMtavAda kI vANI syAt pada lagAne se ekAnta viSa kA vamana hokara satyAmRta rUpa bana jAtI hai / saMgrahanaya se

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kRtiyA~ / [ 376 cinmAtra tathA RjubhUtranaya me agnizikhAvat prakAzamAna haiN| RjusUtra naya se jJAna ke anantAMzoM meM eka aMza hI nAhya hotA hai| sAtha hI eka paryAya mAtra viSaya hone se paryAya paramparA bhI nahIM banatI / zrApa meM vicitrAkRtiyoM rUpa pariNamana hotA hai / jJAna meM jeya svayaM pratibimbita hote haiM, tabhI to unakI bhI manA svaya siddha hotI hai| ApakA jJAna samasta jagata ko vyApta karatA hai| makA para meM, para nA mAra mAra hai kintu manda buddhiyoM ko yaha samajha meM nahIM pAtA / para dravya ApattikAraka hone se use chor3A hai. yahI ApakA apohavAda hai, jo jJAniyoM ko bhramanAzaka hai / paraspara apohabAda se prApa gata, yUgata aura tathAgata bhAsita hote haiN| zUnyatAvAdI bauddhamata meM kyA, kahA~, kisase pratibhAsita hai ityAdi kalpanAe~ samApta ho jAtI haiN| ukta kalpanAeM nirNAyaka ke abhAva meM kauna nirNaya karegA ? zUnyavAda se padArthoM kA prabhAva siddha hogA ataH ukta siddhAnta svayaM khaNThita hai / anta meM kapanA rahita nivikrAnparUpa gUnya meM lIna hone kI stutikAra ne bhAvanA kI hai| * ekaviza prAdhyAya meM nyAya tathA vaizeSika matoM kI aAlocanA hai| gUNasthAna grArohaNa tathA prAtmazaktiyoM kA prakaTa honA jinendra meM pAyA jAtA hai / eka-anaka, vizeSaNa-vizeSya, bartanA-vRttimAna, utpAda-vyayaprauvya, pRthakatva-apathakatva-sat asat sAmAnya-vizeSa Adi kA viplata spaSTIkaraNa hai| bhAva-abhAvarUpatA, unakI sApekSatA tathA mApake mana meM vantu kA nAza na honA ityAdi para prakAza DAlA hai tathA anta meM Apa mere meM praveza kareM arthAta maiM bhI Apa samAna bane aisI bhAvanA bhAI hai / __ antima cAra adhyAyoM meM jJAna darzana ke AdhAra para hI dArzanika gutthiyoM ko sulajhAyA hai / prAyaH uparyuka viSaya hI vibhinna alaMkAroM tathA zabdavinyAsoM dvArA punarukta hue haiN| ananta mukha svarUpa, zeya-jJAna, akhaMDatA-khuNDapanA, bheda-bheda Adi yugaloM kI carcA kI gaI hai| kevala mAna kI mahimA ke sAtha dvAtriMza adhyAya samApta kiyaa| yoviza adhyAya meM pUrvavat guNoM kA * maraNa vibhinna vikanpoM dvArA kiyA hai tathA ananta-catuSTaya pragaTa ho aisI bhAvanA kI hai| caturviza adhyAya meM likhA hai ki bhAgyahIna pANI aApake svarUpa kA dhyAna nahIM kara sakatA / ApakA svarUpAmRta pIkara kauna Ananda meM mana nahIM hotA ? zApa kI gakti mahAn hai, ataH kevalajJAna sAgara ko Apane mathA hai / catanA ba caitanya meM kavit bhedAbhedapanA hai| utpAda-vyaya, asti-mAsti yukta ApakA bhra va svabhAva hai

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380 ] pAI zApUrakana : yatitva evaM kartRtva Apa cipiMDa haiN| tInoM loka mAno ApakI caitanyatA kA eka pattA hai / ApakI caitanya cAndanIrUpa sAgara meM mAno tInoM loka DUba rahe haiM / pUrva paryAya, apara paryAya ko nahIM sparzatI / pApa nitya hokara bhI parivartanazIla haiM / Apa amRtasrota, paramatRpta, Atmatejayukta tathA svastha haiN| ApakI mahimA se hamAre vikArI bhAvaprANa nAza ho rahe haiM / ApakI mahimA avarNanIya hai, 1 maiM Apake kevalajJAna jala meM snAnakara, Alasya rahita, AtmalIna hotA haiN| paMcaviza antima adhyAya meM karma tathA jJAna kA samuccaya rUpa se varNana hai / Apa sarvodaya kI avasthA ko prApta haiM / Apane saMyama se asaMyama ko nAzakara karmoM ko nirAkRta kara vijJAnaghana mvarUpa ko pragaTa kiyA hai| Apa AtmagarimA tathA prAtmavyApAra yukta haiM / Apa antarbAhya saMyama ke dhArI haiN| pApakA pAtmA paramArtha rasika aura savedazI hai / nipuNa puruSa kramazaH kriyAoM se virakta hokara jJAnastha hote haiN| Apane karma va jJAna ke suyoga ko dhAraNa kiyA hai ! jo bhAgyavAn jinAgama kA adhyayana karate haiM, ve saMyamAmRta se jJAnabhUmi ko siMcita kAra apane lakSya ko pA lete haiN| aApake anubhava meM matta hokara bhI sAdhaka pramatta nahIM hotaa| samyagjJAna se hI bAhya vastu kA bhI yathArthajJAna hotA hai| jo kSaNabhara ko bhI rAgAdirUpa yA karUpa hotA hai| yaha samasta karma kAlimA ko naSTa nahIM kara paataa| ApameM samasta bhAvarUpa rasa pIne se nirmalaz2Ana kI vizeSAtAeM chalaka uThI haiM / aisA bhagavAna prAtmA caitanya sAgara tathA AzcaryoM kA bhaNDAra hai / mere uskRSTa saMyama kA puTapAka jJAnAgni meM sampanna ho tathA svAbhAva lakSmI pragaTe aisI bhAvanA stutikAra karate haiN| ve likhate haiM ki isa stutirUpa rasa ko amRtacandra kavIndra ne aneka bAra piyA hai / granthAnta karate hue likhA hai ki myAdvAda ke mArga meM, sva-para ke vicAra meM, jJAna va kriyA ke atizayapUrNa vaibhava ko viziSTa jJAna prApta karane ke icchuka apanajanoM ke lie merI yaha racanA dizA pradarzana karane vAlI hai| isa taraha amRtacandramuri kI yaha 'zaktimaNit koza aparanAma laghutattvasphoTa nAmaka kRti samApta huii| isa taraha adhyAtma tathA bhakti kI dhArAoM ke sAtha dArzanika jJAna dhArA kA sammilana karake amRtacandra ne isa racanA dvArA jinendra kI stuti ke nAma para apUrva triveNI pravAhita kI hai / samagra kRti meM janadarzana ke gUr3hatama siddhAntoM tathA AdhyAtmika rahasyoM kA bhalIbhAMti prasphuTana hupA hai| ataH ukta kRti kA nAma ''laghutambasphoTa" sArthaka ho gayA hai|

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nounc ement a n kRtiyA~ / pAThAnasaMdhAna : "laghutvasphoTa'' kI upalabdha ekamAtra tADapatrIya prati meM bahuta kama zAbdika evaM lipi viSayaka truTiyAM thIM, jinheM prathama aMgrejI saMskaraNa ke sampAdaka DaoN. padamanAma jainI (prophesara vizvavidyAlaya, kelophoniyA, yU. esa. e) ne saMzodhita kara diyA hai| pazcAt DaoN. paM. pannAlAla sAhityAcArya ne isakA dvitIya bAra hindI meM sampAdana kiyA hai jo di. jaina, varNI saMsthAna vArANasI meM prakAzita hu~cA hai| ataH ukta upalabdha donoM hI prakAzana pAThAnusaMdhAna kI dRSTi se pUrNataH zuddha haiN| paramparA :-- apana anya vasyoM kI bhAMti Amatacandra ne isa grantha meM bhI mukhyataH jinastuti paraka caraNAnuyoga tathA kareMNAnuyoga viSayaka adhyAtmarasa kA nirbhara pravAhita kiyA hai / isa prakAra isa kRti meM jaina-stotrakAvya paramparA kA hI nirvAha hunA hai| praNAlI : stuti kAvyoM kI nirUpaNa praNAlI varNanAtmaka tathA tAkika rahI hai| prAcArya aMmatacandra ne bhI isameM ukta praNAlI kA hI prayoga kiyA hai / graMtha meM Adyanta dArzanika, prAdhyAtmika tathA nArkika zailI ke pada-gada para darzana hote haiN| pranyavaiziSTya :.. isameM prathama so dArzanika spardhA yuga kI kliSTa va tAtvika kAvya zailI prayukta hai / dUsare jainadarzana ke gur3hatama rahasyoM kA mAtra vidvajjanagrAhya maMthana hai| tIsare anekAMta gyAdrAda tathA nayoM kA vizad spaSTIkaraNa huyA hai| prakAzana :-- aba taka ukta navodita kRti ke kevala do hI saMskaraNa prakAzita hue haiM, jo isaprakAra haiM1. la. ta. sphoTa, saM. DA. padmanAma jainI yU. pAsa.e, prakAzaka ela.DI. iMsTITyuTa ahamadAbAda, san 1978, aMgrejI 500 pratiyAM, prathama sNskrnn| 2. la. ta. sphoTa. saM. DA. paM. pannAlAla jaina, sAgara ma. pra., prakAzaka varNI di. jaina saMsthApaka bArANasI, san 1981. hindI, 1000 pratiyAM, prathama saM.. anya cacita kRtiyAM AcArya amRptacandra ke nAma para kucha anya kRtiyoM kI carcA pavacit kadAcit milatI hai / aisI cacita kRtiyoM meM 'SaTpAhu para saMskRta TIkA, zrAvakAcAra (prAkRta), paMcAdhyAyI, DhADhasI gAthA ke nAma vicAraNIya haiM / ----primathmanniest

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382 / / prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva SaTpAhar3a TIkA : 'SaTpAhuI" nAmaka prAkRta bhASA meM gAthAbaddha rUpa meM likhita eka racanA hai, jo prAcArya kRndakunda svAmI kI kRti hai / usa para zrutasAgarasUri kI 16vIM sadI meM likhI gaI saMskRta TIkA tathA paM. jayacandajI kRta hindI (DhahArI meM bhASA bacAnakA upalabdha hotI hai| prophesara vinTaranijI ne rakta grantha kA paricaya karAte hA phaTamoTa meM zratasAgara sari ke sAtha amRtacandrasUri ko bhI SaTpAhuDa kA saMskRta TIkAkAra likhA hai, jisakA aAdhAra unhoMne pITarsana riporTa jinda 2 pR. 80 tathA 150 batAyA hai / pro. vinTaraniTaja ke ullekha ke anusAra DaoN. mohanalAla evaM pro. hIrAlAla ra. kApaDiyA ne bhI amRtacandra dvArA padapAhana para TIkA line jAne kI sambhAvanA kA ullekha kiyA hai. parantu ukta sambhAvanAe~ nirAdhAra haiM / AcArya amRtacandra kRta kRtiyoM meM Aja taka aisI koI racanA prakAza meM nahIM AI hai, aura na hI janadarzana ke vikhyAta prAcAryoM tathA vidvAnoM ne isakA kahIM para juglekha hI kiyA hai| DaoN. e. ena. upAne ne bhI isa prakAra kI kRti ke sambandha meM apanI anabhijJatA hI pragaTa kI hai| ataH ukta sambandha meM jaba taka koI Thosa pramANa yA tathokta TIkA upalabdha nahIM hotI taba ukta TIkA ko amRtacandra ke sAtha prasiddha karanA nirAdhAra tathA anucita hai| zrAvakAcAra (prAkRta) : aisI eka vidvAna kI mAnyatA hai ki amatacandra ne koI zrAvakAcAra nAmaka prAkRta meM grantha likhA hogA, kAraNa ki ve prAkRta gAthAnoM ke TIkAkAra the| dUsare samayasAra ko TIkA meM eka prAkala gAthA bhI uddhRta hai| meghavijaya ne ukta gAthA ko amRtacandra kRta mAnA hai| tIsare eka gAthA "DhADhasI gAthA" meM bhI avatarita hai. jo amRtacandrakata honI cAhie / isa prakAra ke sabhI tarka diye haiM, paranbhU zrAvakAcAra jaisI koI kati Aja taka upalabdha nahIM huI, jise amRtacandra kRta mAnA jA skeN| dUsare zrAvakAcAra viSayaka grantha kI racanA saMskRta padyoM meM "puruSArthasiddhayupAya" nAma se karane ke bAda punaH prAkRta meM racanA karanA koI prayojanabhUta bAta nahIM ? History of Indian Literatura, V.:] - J!. Page 57? (Footnote) 2. jaina sAhitya kA vRhatihAsa - bhAga 4 pR. 156 / 3. ravicharrasara - Preface Page 36 (Footnote Edited by ____AN Timadhye, l-dn. II, 145 4. Pravacanarara Preliace Page 95 Edited by A. N. Upadhye,

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kRtiyA~ | [3-3 jacatI / uparyukta kathana mAtra nirAdhAra anumAna haiM ataH ukta zrAvakAcAra nAmaka prAkRta racanA amRtacandra ne kI hai, yaha mAnyatA bhI nirAdhAra DhAhaso gAyA :___meghavijayajI ne eka prAkRta gAthA hAdasIgAthA meM uddhRta dekhakara use amanacandravata mAnakara, samparNa grantha ko hI amatacanda kI racanA mAna liyA hai, jo mAtra kApanA hI hai / DhADhasIgAthA nAmaka laghukati kA eka samkaraNa mANikacandra digambara jaina granthamAlA kI 13vIM jinda ke rUpa meM nikala cukA hai / parantu usameM lekhaka ke sambandha meM koI jAnakArI nahIM dI gaI hai| pa. nAthurAma premI ne ukta anya ko koI kASThAsaMdhI AcArya kI kRti anumAnita kiyA hai, kyoMki aisA pratya meM prAgata kaTho vi mUlasaMgho" (kATAsaMgha bhI mUlasaMdha hai) padoM para se pratIta hotA hai| paMcAdhyAyI : usa grantha kA sarvaprathama prakAzana paM. makkhanalAla zAstrI kata bhASATIkA kA kiyA gayA / bhASATIkAkAra ne ise prAcArya amatacandrasUri kI racanA mAnA hai / TIkAkAra ne paMcAdhyAyI ko amRtacandra kRta ghoSita to kiyA hai. parantu usake lie koI Thosa pramANa prastuta nahIM kiye / dusarI aora prasiddha sAhityakAra paM jugala kizorajI ne apane eka lekha dvArA Thosa pramANoM ke prAcAra para yaha siddha kiyA hai ki ukta grantha amRtacandrasUri kRta nahIM hai| usake racayitA lATIsaMhitA ke kartA tathA samayasArakalA ke bhASATokAkAra mahAkavi paM. rAjamala pANDe haiM / ukta racanA ke sambandha meM kucha taka evaM pramANa isa prakAra haiM : prathama to jAdhyApI meM adhyAya do, iloka meM 466 ke bAda "saMveyo............ jikveno................|' ityAdi gAthA "uktaM ca" rUpa meM uddhRta kI gaI hai, jo vasunaMdizrAvakAcAra kI 46vIM gAthA hai / vasunaMdi kA samaya vikrama kI 12vIM sadI hai, jo amRtacandra se kAphI bAda hue haiM; ataH unala gAthA kA uddharaNa vasunaMdi ke pazcAdavartI paM. rAjamalla dvArA diyA jAnA sambhaba hai. unake pUrvavartI amatacandra dvArA sambhava nahIM hai / ukta gAthA ko prakSipta bhI nahIM mAnA jA sakatA, kyoMki usake sandarbha meM agrima zloka 467 va kI racanA kI gaI hai jisameM "ukta gAthArthasUtre'pi prazamAdicatuSTayam" ityAdi kathana dvArA gAthA ko sandabhita kiyA gayA hai / ataH 1. Pravaxhanasara Freiace 95 Edited by A. IV. Upadhye. 2. Itid - Page 95 tathA purAtana jaina yAmyasUlo - pR. 104 (prastAvanA.

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384 ] [ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva spaSTa hai ki paMcAdhyAyI amRtacandra kI racanA nahIM hai, apitu paM. rAjamala kI hI hai|" dusare - paM. rAjamala ne ukta grantha meM puruSArthasiddhayupAya kA "yenAzana mudRSTi'............" nAmaka padya "uktaM ca' likhakara uddhRta kiyA hai|' isase spaSTa hai ki yadi ukta grantha amRtacandra kI kRti hotI to ve svayaM hI apanI kRti meM apane dUsare grantha puruSArthasiddhyupAya ke ukta 112veM zloka ko "ustaM ca" rUpa meM kaise uddhRta karate, ataH yaha uddharaNa paM. rAjAlla dvArA hI udAhRta kiyA gayA pratIta hotA hai| isase paMcAdhyAyI bhI unakI hI racanA siddha hotI hai| tIsare - paMcAdhyAyI tathA lATI saMhitA meM paraspara tulanA karane se jJAta hotA hai ki donoM racanAtroM kI kathana zailI, lekhanapraNAlI, racanApaddhati eka jaisI hai, UhApoha kA DhaMga, padavinyAsa aura sAhitya meM bhI donoM meM samAnatA hai| donoM meM kinca, nan, atha, api, arthAta, ayamarthaH, ayabhAvaH, evaM, maivaM, maivaM, no, na cArADakyaM, cet, nocet, yataH, tataH, atra, tatra. tadyathA ityAdi zabdoM kA pracura prayoga samAna rUpa se pAyA jAtA hai / donoM granthoM kI lekhanI evaM zailI se pratIta hotA hai ki donoM racanAe~ eka hI kartA kI hai| cautha - lATIsaMhitA va paMcAdhyAyI donoM ke zlokoM meM bhI samAnatA pAI jAtI hai| udAharaNa ke lie paMcAdhyAyI ke dvitIya adhyAya ke 372 se 366 taka ke padya lATIsaMhitA ke tIsare sarga ke 27veM zloka se 543 taka samAna haiM / isI taraha cAdhyAyI ke 410 se 434 taka ke padya lATIsaMhitA ke 55 se 74 taka ke padyoM meM sAmya pAyA jAtA hai| anya padyoM meM paMcAdhyAyI ke 435, 436. 436 se 476 taka tathA lAdI saMhitA ke kramaza: 80, 81, 82 se 114 taka ke padyoM meM samAnatA hai| isI taraha anya kitane hI padya sAmya pradarzita karate haiN| isase donoM kRtiyoM ke kartava meM bhI ekatva yathavA abhedapanA spaSTa hotA hai / pAMcaveM - cAdhyAyI ke prArambhika cAra maMgalAcaraNa viSayaka padya tathA lATIsaMhitA ke prArambha ke 6 maMgalapadyoM meM bhAvasAmya pAyA jAtA hai| uThave - f. jumalakizora ke lekha dvArA prastuta pramANoM evaM parIkSaNa ke bAda prAyaH adhikAMza vidvAnoM ne ekamatena paMcAdhyAyI ko paM. rAjamala kI kRti mAnA hai, pramatacandra kI nahIM / 1. "vIra" patra varSa 3, aMka 12, 13 / 2. paMcAdhyAyI aMka 2, zloka naM. 771 ke bAda /

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pazcama adhyAya sAhityika mUlyAMkana prAcArya amRtacandra ke vyApaka vyaktitva kA vihaMgAmAvalokana karane ke bAda unakI kRtiyoM kA sAhicimA nabanAna karane ke lie unake sAhitya meM upalabdha vibhinna vizeSatAoM para prakAza DAlA jA rahA hai / unameM bhASA, zailI, alaMkAra yAdi binduoM kA avalokana karanA Avazyaka hai| bhASA : prAcArya amRtacandra saMskRta tathA prAkRta bhASA ke niSNAta, adhikArI vidvAna the / saMskRta para to unakA asAdhAraNa prabhutva thA / unakI lekhanI ke izAre aura sahAre para saMskRta vAGamaya kI gadyasaritA aneka vaiziSTya rUpa taraMgoM ke sAtha udvelita ho uThatI thI / padyarUpa kAminI apanI samasta kalAoM ke sAtha nRtya karane tayAra rahatI thI / gadyarUpa bhASA pravAha nirbhara kI bhAMti pravAhita hotI huyA tathA padyamayI bhASA adhyAtma rasa ke phubbAroM kI taraha pravAhita hotI huI adhyAtma evaM sAhitya rasikoM kA manamoha letI hai| pAThaka unakI bhASA meM apUrva miThAsa,sahaja AkarSaNa tathA gambhIra jJAna bharA pAte haiN| saMskRta bhASA prAyaH tIna rUpoM meM prakaTa holI hai| ve tIna rUpa hai gadya, padya tathA campU mishr)| TIkAyoM meM unhoMne ukta tInoM sAhitya rUpoM kA prayoga kiyA hai, jabaki maulika racanAoM meM kevala padyarUpa meM hI abhivyakti huI hai / yAtmakhyAti,tattvadIpikA tathA samayavyAkhyA TIkAoM meM gadyamya bhASA-praur3hatA dekhate hI banatI hai| samayasAra. kalaza, puruSArthasiddhyupAya, tattvArthasAra tathA laghutattvasphoTa ina racanAoM meM pariSkRta padyarUpa kA sarvotkRSTa udAharaNa upalabdha hai | AtmasyAni kalazayukta TIkA meM campU yA mizrabhASA rUpa ke darzana hote haiN| unake vizAla, nirdoSa gandha - gagana meM padyarUpa sitAroM kI jhilamilAhaTa sAhityaramikoM kA hRdaya praphullita karatI hai, sahRdayajanoM kA mana moha letI hai| unakI kavitA kAminI kabhI sIdhe sAde, sahaja deza meM prakaTa hotI hai, to kabhI banda, rasa evaM prAlaMkAroM se alaMkRta hokara pAThakoM ko

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386 / [ mAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva yAzcaryAnvita karatI hai| puruSArthasiddhapAna AryA chandoM meM tathA tatrArthasAra anuSTupa chandoM meM sahaja sugama rUpa ke udAharaNa haiM / samayasArakalA tathA kRtrimatA spaSTa rUpa se dRSTigocara hotI hai / grAtmarUpAtikalava yuktaH * TokA kA to gaMgA-yamunA ke saMgama kI bhAMti pranubhava kiyA jA sakatA hai| jisameM avagAhana karake pAThaka abhUtapUrva santuSTi tathA paramAnanda kA anubhava karatA hai | saMskRta bhASA para pramRtacandra kA Adhipatya hai / dArzanika gutthiyoM ko sulajhAne tathA gur3e rahasyoM ko udghATita karane kI kSamatA unakI gadya tathA padmamayI donoM prakAra kI bhASAoM meM hai / jahA~ eka ora ve sarala, sugama, subodha sodAharaNa tathA bAlabuddhigamya bhASA ke prayoga meM masta haiM, vahIM dUsarI ora ve kliSTa, durgama sAmAsika evaM tarkapradhAna bhASA ke prayoga dvArA vijanoM ke garbha ko kharva karane meM bhI samartha haiM / isaprakAra unakI bhASA praur3hatA, bhAvotkarSa, rasotkarSa, arthagAMbhIrya Adi vizeSatAeM unake uccakoTi ke sAhitya ke pramANa haiM / unakI zrAtmakhyAti TIkA tatvajJAna kI gambhIratA tathA AdhyAtmika rasotkarSa kA jvalaMta udAharaNa hai | AcArya kundakunda ko abhipreta Atmatatva ke sUkSma vizleSaNa evaM nidarzana karAne meM unakI arthavAhI - bhAvapravaNa bhASA samartha siddha huI hai / zrAtmatatva kA sAkSAkAra karAne meM amRtacandra ne koI kasara nahIM uThA rakhI hai| unakI bhASA arthakA anudhAvana pUrNa prAmANikatA ke sAtha karatI hai / unake bhASAviSayaka praur3ha prayogoM se amUrtazuddhAtma-rUpa-paraMbrahma sAkAra evaM sacetarUpa meM prakaTa ho uThA hai| AcArya kundakunda ke sutragata bhAva ratna kI upamA ko tathA amRtacanda kI bhASA svarNa kI upamA ko prApta hokara pAThakoM ke samakSa maNikAMcana saMyoga kA sundara sumela upasthita karate haiN| adbhuta azrutapUrva zrAtmA ke ekatvavibhakta-sajIva saundarya ko abhivyakta karake pratmapUjaka bhASAdevI mAno pUjya evaM zreSTha bana gaI hai / svayaM mRtacandra kI gadya-padyamayI bhASA, bhASAviSayaka aneka vaiziSTyoM va prayogoM ke kAraNa, AkarSaka, camatkArotpAdaka, sarama evaM hRdayAvarjaka bana gaI hai| sAtha ho pramRtacandra ke pralokika prAdhyAtmika vyaktitva ke saMsparza se bhASA meM alaukika rasa samA gayA hai| jisake asvAdana se manamapura matta hokara nAca uThatA hai| yahA~ unake nAnA viSayaka vaiziSTyoM kI kucha udAharaNoM dvArA Alokita kiyA jAtA hai /

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kRtiyA~ | 387 - - - - padalAlitya evaM bhASApraur3hatA kA udArahaNa : yAtma khyAti TIkA prArambha karane kI pratijJA evaM siddhoM ko namaskAra karate hue, unake va. acala evaM anupama svarUpa kA hetupurassara spaSTIkaraNa karate hue, ve likhate haiM - "atha prathamata eva svabhAvabhAvabhUtanayA dhra batnamavalaMbamAnAnAvibhAvAntara cAravRtti vidhAnti bonAcalatvamu. gatAmakhilApamAnavAdabhutamAhAparavanAvidyamAnApayAmapavarga saMjJikA gatimApannAn bhagavataH sarvasiddhAn siddhalnena sAdhyasthAtmanaH pralichadasthAnIyAn bhAvadravyaratavAbhyAm svAtmani parAtmani ca nidhAyAnAdi nidhanaca ta |kaashittven nivilArthasAthasAkSAtkArikelipraNItanena bhUtakevalibhiH svayaMmanubhavadbhirabhihitatvena ca pramANatAmupagatasya samayaprakAza kramya prAmRtAvyasyAhatpravacanAvayavasya svAparayoranAdi moha prANAya bhAvadhAcA dradhyabAcA ca paribhASaNamupakramyate / imI taraha TIkAkAra amRtacandra siddhAnta' ko subodha, sarala tathA vAlabuddhigamya banAne hetu dRSTAMta evaM dAti donoM meM samAna pada tathA vAkyoM kA prayoga karate hai / ve punarUkti doSa ko cintA kie binA samAna bhASAprayoga ko taba taka jArI rakhate haiM, jaba taka dRSTAnta ke samAna hI siddhAnta spaSTa nahIM ho jAtA hai / ve eka sthala para pratibuddha-grajJAno tathA pratibuddha-jJAnI kI pahicAna karAte hue likhate haiM .. . 1. samayasAra gA, paM. 1 TIkA kA artha - atha'' pada maMgala artha ko mucita karatA hai| prathama' hI strabhAna' bhAva se utpanna hone ke kAraNa (naI siddhAni-paMcama gati! dhavasva kA avalambana karatI hai| vaha gani anAdikAla se parabhAvoM ke nipina se hone vAle paribhramaNa ke abhAva ke kAraNa aba nAnA ko prApta hai nayA gata meM jo samasta' upamA yogya padArtha haiM, uname vilakSaNa-abhuta mahimAvAlI hai, ataH anupamatA ko prApta hai| use apavarga nAma se jAnA jAtA hai, aisI gati kA mAnahApa samasta siddha bhagavannoM ko apane tathA para ke AtmA meM sthApita karane haiM. kyoMki ve siddha bhagavAna siddhatya me sAdhya AtmA ke prati chanda ke samAna para hai. ana: bhAva tathA drabya rUpa se syApita karake samaya mA pramANA 'sarva padArthoM yA jIvapadArtha kA prakAzanA). ahana ke pravacana kA avAnarUpa prAbhRta nAma se vyavahita grantha vA, anAdikAla meM utpanna hue apane tathA 5. ke moha ko nAza karane ke lie. paribhASaNa bAratA huuN| vaha arhatprayA kA asara agAdinidhana paramAgamarUpa zabdamA se prakAzita hone se, keliyoM ke nipaTananI sAkSAt sunane vAle tI svayaM anubhava karanevAle zubhake balI -- gaNadharadevoM ke dvArA mAnita hone ge. rAmApavAsa ko sAt nevAla nalI dvArA prANIta hone se pramANatA ko prApta hai|

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nAya amAnanA : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva "yathAgnirindhanamastIdhanamagnirastyagneridhanamastIMdhanalyAgnirasti, agneridhanapUrvamAsIdidhanasyAgniH pUrvamAsIt, agneriMdhane punarbhaviSyatIMdhanasyAgniH punarbhaviSyatItIMdhana evAsadbhUtAgni vikalpatvenApratibuddhaH kazcilakSyet, tathAhametadasmyetadahamasti mamatadAtyetasyAhama smi, marmatatpUrbamAsodetasyAhaM pUrvamAsaM, mamaM patpunarbhaviSyaletasyAhaM punarbhaviSyAmIti paradrayAevAsadbhutAtma vikalpatvenApratibuddho lakSvetAtmA / nAgniridhanamasti maMdhanamagniramyagnirastIdhanamidhanamasti, nAgaridhanaM pUrvamAsInnedhanasyAginaH pUrvamAsIdagnegarina namAmIdibharobhanaM pUrvamAsota, nA!rapana punarbhaviSyati nedhanasyAgniH punarbhaviSyatyagne ra gniH punarbhavidhyatIMdhanatye dhanaM punarbhaviSyatIti kasyacidAnAveva sadbhUtAgnivikalpabannAmetardA ma. netadamastyahama hamasambatadetadasti na matadanti naitasyAhamasmi mamAhamasmyetadasyatadasti, na mamaitatpUrvamAsInnetasyAhaM pUrvamAsaM mamAha pUrvamAsamatasyatatpurvamAsIt, na mamaitatpunarbhaviSyati naMtasyAhaM punarbhaviSyAmi mamAha punarbhaviSyAmyetasyaitatpunarbhaviSyatIti svadravya evaM sadbhUtAtmavika yasya pratibuddha lakSaNasya bhAvAt / ' 1. samapasAra gAthA 20-21-22 ko TIkA:-artha -- jima prakAra koI pupa Idhana aura agni ko milA huA, dekhakara aisA jhUThA vikalpa kare ki "jo agni hai mo Idhana hai aura Idhana hai, so agni hai / agni kA Izvana hai, IdhA ko agni hai, agni kA Idhana pahale thA, Idhana kI agni pahale thI, agni kA Idhana bhavizya meM hogA, Idhana kI agni bhaviSya meM hogI, "emA vikalma karane vAlA apratibuddhi-ajAnI prakaTa hotA hai / isI prakAra koI (puruya) AtmA evaM para bhavya meM asatyArtha vikalpa kare fF "maiM yaha paradravya hU~, saha padavya mujhagyarUpa hai, yaha paradravya merA hai. maiM isa paranaba kA hU~, mega yaha pahile thA, maiM isakA pahale thA, merA yaha bhaviSya meM hogA, maiM isakA bhaviSya meM hoUMgA' aine vikalpoM se aprativRddha ajJAnI pahicAnA jAtA hai aura agni hai. vaha Idhana nahIM hai, Idhana hai yaha agni nahIM hai, agni hai vaha agni hI hai. Idhana hai vaha Idhana hI hai. agni kA Idhana nahIM, Idhana kI agni nahIM, agni kI agni hai, Idhana kA Idhana hai, agni kA Idhana pahale nahIM thA, Idhana kI agni pahale nahIM thI, agni kI agni pahale thI aura Idhana kA Idhana pahale thA, agni kA Idhana bhaviSya meM nahIM hogI, agni kI agni hI bhaviSya meM hogI, Idhana kA I dhana hI bhaviSya meM hogaa| isa prakAra kisI ko satyArtha agni kA vikalA hai, vaha pratibuddha-jJAnI kA lakSaNa hai / isI prakAra "maiM yaha paradravya nahIM hU~, yaha paratabaga mujhastrarUpa nahIM hai. maiM to maiM hI haiM, paravA to paradravya hI hai. merA

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kRtiyA~ / [ 386 uparokta aMza yadyapi samAsabahulatA ke kAraNa par3hane tathA samajhane meM kliSTa pratIta hotA hai, tathApi samAsavigraha karane para usakA artha atyanta sarala, sugama evaM suspaSTa ho jAtA hai / prAge amRcandra kI sAmAsika, kliSTa evaM durbotra bhASA kA udAharaNa prastuta kiyA jAtA hai / ukta aza alaMkAra sauMdarya se samanvita hai tathA pravAhapUrNa, gambhIra arthagarimA ko bhI vyakta karatA hai / isameM mokSatatva kA sAdhanatatva kauna hai, yaha spaSTa kiyA gayA hai yathA - "anekAMtakalitasakalajJAtRjeyatatvayathAsthitasvarUpapANDityazogDA: santaH samasta bahiraMgAntaraMgasaMgati parityAgaviviktAntazcakacakAyamAnAnantayakti caitanya bhAsvarAtmatattva svarUpA: svarUpaguptamuSaptaka pAntastattva titayA viSayeSu manAgapyAsaktimanAsAdayantaH samastAnubhAvavanto bhagavantaH zuddhA evAsaMsAra ghaTina vikaTa karmakabATa vighaTanapaTIyasAdhyAvasAyena prakadIkriyamANAvadAnA mokSatatvasAdhanatattvamavabudhyatAm / ' isa prakAra spaSTa hai ki amRtacandra kI bhASA meM bhale hI samAsabahulatA evaM kliSTatA ho parantu usameM eka layAtmaka pravAha evaM dhvanyAtmaka eha paradravya nahIM, isa paradavya' kA meM nahIM, marA hI maiM hU~, paradanma kA hI paradravya hai, isa paradravya kA maiM pahale nahIM thA, vaha paradravya merA pahale nahIM thA, merA maiM pahale thA, paradravya' mA paradravya hI pahale thaa| vaha paradravya merA bhaviSya meM nahIM hogA, isa paradravya kA meM bhaviSya meM nahIM hokagA, maiM apanA hIbhaviSya meM hoU~gA, isa paradavya kA yaha paradravya ho bhaviSya meM hogA" aisA jo svadavma meM hI satyArtha Atma-vikalpa karatA hai, yahI pratibuddhi-zAnI kA lakSaNa hai| isase jhAnI pahicAnA jAtA hai / / pravacanasAra gAyA 276 kI TIkAH-artha - anekAMnna ke dvAga zAna sakala jJAtRtattva aura zeyatattva ko yathAvasthita svarUpa meM jo pravINa hai, antaraGga meM cakita hote hue ananna zaktivAle caitanya se tejasvI Atmanandha ke svarUpa ko ginane samasta bahiraGga tathA antaraGga saMgati ke parityAga se bhinna kiyA haiM aura antaHtattva kI batti (AtmA kI pariNati) svarUpa gupta tathA suSapta (gore dRga ke samAna) mamAna (zAMta) hone se kiMcit bhI viSayoM meM jo Asakti ko prApta nahIM hote, eme sakAlamahimAvAn bhagavantazuddhazuddhopayogI) haiN| unheM hI mokSatatva kA sAdhanamAnya jAnane, kyoMki ve anAdi saMmAra meM ranina vanda rahe haga vikaTa karmakapAda ko tor3ane ke lie ati ugra prayatna se parAmama prakaTa kara rahe haiM /

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360 ] | zrAcArya amUlacandra vyaktitva evaM kartRtva AkarSaNa vidyamAna hai / yahA~ eka sthala udAharaNa svarUpa prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai, jisameM layAtmakatA, dhvanyAtmakatA, viSayaprakAzitI bhAga tathA artha kI gambhIratA Adi vizeSatAe~ yugapat prasphuTita ho uThatI haiM yathA AtmajJAna ke hone tathA prasravoM se nirvRti hone kA samakAlapanA samayapanA siddha karate hue, AtmA aura AmravoM ke svarUpa kA tulanAtmaka spaSTa nidarzana hue karate hue ve likhate haiM - "jatupAdapavadhyaghAtaka svabhAvatvAjjo va nibaddhAH svanvAsavAH, punaraviruddha svabhAvatvAbhAvAjjIva eva / apasmArarayavadvardhamAna hIyamAnatvAda gaH khalvAkhavAH, a, vazcinmAtro jIva eva / zotadAhajvarAvezavat krameNojjRmbhamANatvAdanityAH savAsavAH nityo vijJAnaghanasvabhAvo jIva eva / bIjanimakSikSaNakSIyamANadANarAma rasaMskAravattrAtumazakyatvAdazaraNAH khavAsravAH, mazaraNaH svayaM guptaH sahajacicchaktirjIva eva / nityamevAkulabhAvatvAduHkhAni svanvAstravAH, aduHkhaM nityamevAnAkulasvabhAvojIva eva / prAyatyAmAkulatvotpAdakasya pudgalapariNAmasya hetutvAduHkhaphalA svanvAsravAH, zraduHkhaphalaH sakalasyApi mudgalapariNAmasyAhetutvAjjIva eva / iti vikalpAnaMtarameva zithilatakarmavipAko vighaTitaghanaghaTatadigAbhoga iva nirargalaprasaraH sahajavijRmbhamANacicchaktitayA yathA yathA vijJAnacanasvabhAvo bhavati tathA tathA sravebhyo nivartate yathA yathAsravebhyazca nivartate tathA tathA vijJAnaghanasvabhAvo bhavatIti / tAvadvidhAnaghanasvabhAvo bhavati yAvatsamyagAtratrebhyo nivartate tAvadAtravebhyazca nivartate yAvatsamyagvijJAnaghanasvabhAvo bhavatIti jJAnAsravanivRtyoH samakAlanyam / 3 1 1. -- -- -- na sAragAthA 74 kI Tokana artha vRkSa aura lAkha kI bhAMti vya pAta bhAvanA hone se ava jI ke mAtra bandhe hue haiM, kintu anilasvabhAva kA abhAva hone se ye jIva hI nahIM hai! mRgI ke vega kI bar3hate hone meM Ava aba haiM, caitanyamAtra jIva hI dhruva hai / zItadAhajvara ke AyaNa ko bhAMti anukrama se utpanna hote hue hone meM sa anitya haiM, vijJAnaghanasya bhAvI jIva hI nitya hai| kAmasaMvana meM vIrya jAne ke kSaNa se dAruNa kAma kA saMskAra naSTa ho jAnA hai. usI meM rokA jAnA sambhava na hone se rokA nahI jAnatA hai| isa kamaya chUTa jAne para usI kSaNa zAstra nAza ko prApta hotA hai, ise ko se rokA jAnA sambhava na hone se ke A jAne hone se Alava jANa haiM. svayaMrakSita sahaja citzaktirUpa jIva hI zaraNasahita hai| madA akula svabhAva vAle hone se Asava duHkhaphalarUpa hai. gadA nirAkula svabhA jIva hI aduHkhampa arthAt mukharUpa hai| AgAmI kAla meM AkulatA ko panna karane vAle aise punnapariNAma ke hetu hone se ana duHkharUpa haiM / jIva cha

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kRtiyA~ 1 | 361 isI taraha unakI bhASA meM kahIM kahIM vipulakAya vAkyoM tathA kahIM kahIM laghukAyavAkyoM kA sundara sahajapravAhamayI va prabhAvotpAdaka prayoga huA haiM | saMskRta gadya TIkA ke sAtha kahIM kahIM prAkRta gAthAe~ udAharaNa ke rUpa meM upalabdha hotI haiM / ukta dIrghavAkyoM tathA prAkRta gAthA ke prayoga kA eka udAharaNa prastuta hai| isa udAharaNa meM kevala do vizAla vAkyoM meM nizcaya tathA vyavahAra naya kI upayogitA pradarzita kI gaI hai| tathA pUrvAyakta eka prAkRta padya dvArA apane mitrAya kI puSTi kI gaI hai yathA- "ye khalu paryanta pAka sIrNajAtya kArttasvarasthAnIyaM paramaM bhAvamanubhavanti teSAM prathamadvitIyAdyanekapAkapamparApacyamAna kArta svarAnubhavasthAnIyAparamabhAvAnubhavanazUnyatvAcchuddhadravyAdezitathA samudyotitAskhalite kastrabhAvakabhAvaH zuddhanaya evoparitanakapratirvANakA sthAnIyatvAtparijJAyamAnaH prayojanavAn / ye tu prathama dvitIyAdyaneka pAkaparamparApacyamAna kArtasvarasthAnIyamaparaM bhAvamanubhavanti teSAM paryantapAkosIrNa jAtyakArtasvarasthAnIya paramabhAvAnubhavanazUnyatvAdazuddhadravyAdezita yo padarzita prativiziSTaka bhAvAnekabhAvo vyavahAratayo vicitravarNamAlikAsthAnIyatvAtparijJAyamAnastadAtve prayojanavAn tIrthatIrthaphalayorityametra vyavasthitatvAt / uktaM jaI jiNamayaM pavajjaha tA mA vyavahAraNicchae muyaha / ekkeNa viNA chinjara titthaM zraNeNa uNa taccaM // 5 1. hI samaya galagariNAmoM kA hetu hone meM aduHkharUpa hai| isa prakAra AmravIM tathA jIva kA bhedavijJAna hote ho (tatkAla ) karma vipAka zithila - AramA bAdala samUha racanA ke hone se pragaTa dizAvistAra vI "bhAMti amaryAda vistAra vAlA sahajarUpa se vikAsa ko prApta vijJAnaghanasvabhAva (viraktimaya ) jyoM-jyoM hotA jAtA hai, tyoM-tyoM AsanoM se niva na hotA jAtA hai, aura jyoM-jyoM AtroM se nivRtta hotA jAtA tyoM-tyoM vijJAnaghanasvabhAva honA jAnA hai, kyoMki mAna tatha nai AsravanivRtti kA ekakAla hai / wld - " Tab samayama ra gAthA 12 ko TIkA:- artha - "jo puruSa antima pAka se utare hue zuddha svarNa ke samAna utkuSTa bhAva kA anubhava karate haiM. unheM prathama, dvitIya Adi pAkoM ko paramparA se pacyamAna azuddha svarNa ke samAna anutkRSTa madhyamabhAva kA anubhava nahIM hotA, isalie zuddhadravya kI nirUpaNa karate vAlA hone se "avacita aNDa eka svabhAva rUpa eka bhAva ko prakAzita

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[ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM katRtva prAcArya amRtacandra kI dIrghavAkyamayI bhASA ke samAna hI laghuvAkyamayI bhASA bhI prabhAvotpAdaka, tAratamyamayI, sahajabodhagamya tathA sAlaMkRta hai| udAharaNa ke lie ve eka sthala para jIva ke bhAvakarma tathA pudgala dravyakarma ko paramparA kA nidarzana karAte hue likhate haiM - "iha hi saMsAriNo jIvAdanAdibaMdhanopAdhivazena snigdhaH pariNAmo bhavati / pariNAmAta puna panagalapariNAmAnAtaM karma / karmaNo nArakAdigatiSu gatiH / gatyadhigamanAihaH dehAdindriyANi / iMdriyebhyo viSayagrahaNam / viSayagrahaNAdrAgadveSo / rAgadveSAmyAM punaH snigdhaH pariNAmaH / pariNAmAtpunaH pudgalapariNAmAtkaM karma / karmaNaH punarnArakAdigatiSuH gatiH / gatyadhigamanAtpunadahaH / dehAtunarindriyANi / indriyebhyaH punaviSayagrahaNam / viSayagrahaNAnyunaH raagdvessau| rAgadveSAbhyAM punarapi snigdhapariNAmaH / evamidamanyonya kAryakAraNabhUtajIvapudgalapariNAmAtmakaM karmajAlaM saMsAracakra jIvasyAnAdya nidhanaM anAdisanidhanaM vA ckrvtprivrtte| tadatra pRdagalapariNAma nimito jIvapariNAmo jIvapariNAma nimittaH pudgalapariNAmazcavakSyamANapadArthabIjatvena saMdhAraNIya iti|" ziNA hai, aisA zuddhatA kI sabase Upara kI eka pratiSaNikA (svarNasamAna) hone se, jAnane meM AtA huA prayojanavAn hai / parantu jo puruSa prathama-dvitIya Adi aneka pAkoM (tAvoM) kI paramparA se pacyamAna azuddhasvarNa ke samAna jo anutkRSTa-madhyama bhAva kA anubhava karate haiM, unheM antima tAva se utare hue zuddhasvarNa ke samAna utkRSTa bhAtra kA anubhava nahIM hotA. isalie azuddhadravya kA nirUpaNa karane vAlA hone se - bhinna-bhinna eka eka bhAvasvarUpa aneka bhAva dimbAye haiM. aisA sthAna hAranaga. vicitra aneka varNamAlA ko sAmAna hona me. jAnane meM AtA huA prayojavAna hai, kyoMki tIrtha aura nIrtha ke phala kI vyavasthiti aisI hI hai / kahA bhI hai - "jo jinamata ko pravatAnA vAhate ho to vyavahAra aura nizcaya donoM ko mata chor3o, kyoMki vyavahAranaya ke binA jIrtha -- vyavahAramArga kA tathA nizcaya naya ke binA tatna kA nAma ho jAyagA / " paMcAziphAya gAthA 128 se 130 taka ko dIkrAH- artha - "isa jagat meM saMsArIjI ke anAdi baMdhana rUpa upAdhi ke kAraNa snigdha pariNAma hotA hai / pariNAma se puna: pudgalapariNAma rUpa karma se nArakAdigatiyoM meM gamana hotA hai| gani kI prApti me deha prApta se deha prApta hotI hai| deha se indriyA~,

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kRtiyA~ 1 | 363 ( yAcA amRtacandra kI TIkAtroM meM prayukta bhASA meM jahA~ praur3hatA, vidvattA, cArutA, AlaMkArika sundaratA, vibhinna bhASAzailiyoM Adi kI dRSTi se eka aura sAmya pratIta hotA hai, vahIM dUsarI ora kaI bAtoM meM vaiSamya bhI pAyA jAtA hai / bANabhaTTa kI bhASA meM kRtrimatA kAlpanikatA tathA kliSTatA ke darzana pracuramAtrA meM hote haiM jabaki prAcArya amRcandra kI bhASA meM sahajatA, yathArthatA tathA subodhatA kI upalabdhi hotI hai / bANabhaTTa kI bhASA pAThakoM ko kanpanAloka kI indrajAlavat kSaNika vividharaMgI jhA~kiyoM se raMjAyamAna kara letI hai jabaki amRtacandra kI bhASA pAThaka ko adhyAtmaloka kI yathArtha tAsvika anubhUtiyoM se zrAtmadarzana tathA sthAI AtmIya AnaMdAmRta kI upalabdhi karAtI hai| unakI bhASA bhAvAnugAminI hai / sarvatra bhAvAnukula bhASA tathA bhASAnukUla chaMda prayoga, zailA prayoga Adi sahaja hI abhivyakta hue haiN| jahA~ unheM saMkSepa meM vistRta tathya pradarzana karanA iSTa lagA vahA~ unhoMne sUtrAtmaka bhASA kA prayoga kiyA hai kintu jahA~ spaSTIkaraNa karanA iSTa huA vahA~ bhASAtmaka punarAvRtti karane meM unheM saMkoca nahIM huA hai / sUtrAtmaka bhASA meM kathana karate hue ve likhate haiM - tre evameva parivartana samajelako karmamanovacanakAyazrotracakSughrANarasana sparza sUtrANi SoDaza vyArUpeyAni / anayara dizAnyAnyapyahAni / "" 1. indriyoM se viSaya grahaNa vivaSa grahaNa se raMgA-dveSa, rAga-dveSa se punaH snigdha pariNAma hotA hai / pariNAma se punaH pudgala pariNAmamaya karma karma se punaH nArakAdi gatiyoM meM gamana gatigamana se punaH dehaprApti, deha se punaH indriyA~, indriyoM se punaH viSayagrahaNa, viSayagrahaNa se punaH rAgadveSa, rAgadveSa se punaH snigdha pariNAma hotA hai / isa prakAra yaha paraspara kArya kAraNapanA jIva tathA pudgala ke pariNAmamaya maMjAla saMsAracakra meM jIva ke zranAdi anaMta athavA anAdi mAMta cakra ke samAna hotA hai| isa prakAra yahAM pudgala pariNAma ke nimitta se jIna ke pariNama tathA jIvapariNAma ke nimitta se pudgala ke pariNAma pUrvokta (puNyAdi sAta) padArthoM ke bIja rUpa se samajhanA cAhie / " samayasAra gA. TIkA 33 artha "yahA~ isI prakAra ( pUrvakathanAnusAra ) "moha" pada ko badalakara rAga-dveSa, phodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, karma, nokarsa, mana, vacana, kAya, zrotra, cakSu, ghANa, rasanA, spardhA ina padoM ko rakhabhara 16 sUtroM kA vyAkhyAna karanA aura vicAra lenA / "isI prakAra mA. 64, 136 ullekhanIya hai" / isI prakAra se anya mI tathA 210 kI TIkA bhI --

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364 / | prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva bhASAtmaka punarAvRtti ke lie nimna udAharaNa prastuta hai "yaH kRSNo haritaH pIto raktaH zveto vA varNaH sa sarvopi nAsti jIvasya pudgalapariNAmamayalve satyanubhUtebhinnatvAt" ........... "ukta aMza meM prayukta "pudgalapariNAmayatve satyanubhUtebhinnatvAt" isa pada kA prayoga TIkA meM yAge 28 bAra kiyA gayA hai| isI prakAra eka sthala para samasta karmaphala sanyAsa kI bhAvanA ko nacAte hue likhA hai - "nAhaM matijJAnAvaraNIyakarmaphalaM bhUje, caitanyAtmAnamAtmAnameva saMcetaye / nAhaM zrutajJAnAvaraNIya karmaphalaM bhuje, caitanyAtmAnamAtma nameva saMcetaye / " isI prakAra malizAnAvaraNIya ke sthAna para zrutajJAnAvaraNIya tathA anya 148 karma prakRtiyoM ke nAma likhakara zeSa paMkti kI 145 bAra punarAvRtti kI gaI hai / AcArya pramatacandra kI bhASA, cAhe vaha gadya rUpa ho yA padyarUpa ho, apane carama utkarSa ke sAtha bhASA vaiziSTyoM se surabhita, alaMkAroM se maNDita, zabda vinyArA evaM vAkya saMracanA meM asAdhAraNa, satarka, sazakta, sodAharaNa Adi aneka vizeSatAnoM se samanvita hokara sAhityagagana meM apanI anupama chaTA bikheratI huI abhivyakta huI hai| usameM paryAyavAcI zabdoM kI bahulatA hai, anekArthavAcI zabdoM kA prayoga hai / baha apracalita vilaSTa zabdAvalI se yukta hai| aneka prakAra ke pratyaya, upasarga, avyaya, dhAtuprayoga, kAraka prayoga Adi se zreSThatA evaM praur3hatA ko prApta hai / isa taraha spaSTa hai ki prAcArya amRtacandra kI bhASA apane yuga ke sAhityika utkarSa kI pratIka hai, sAtha hI sAhityika vizeSatAnoM se susamRddha hai| zailI : ___ prAcArya amRtacandra ke sAhityAnuzIlana se jJAta hotA hai ki unhoMna apanI gadya tathA padyamayI racanAoM meM vibhinna sAhityika zailiyoM kA prayoga kiyA hai 1 aneka prakAra kI zailiyoM ke darzana hameM prAyaH unake gadya sAhitya meM hote haiM / unakA padya kAvya bhI zailiyoM ke prayoga se achUtA nahIM rahA hai| 1. samayamAra gA. TIkA 55 - artha - jo kAlA harA pIlA, lAla aura sapheda varNa hai. ha samasta hI jIva kA nahIM hai kyoMki yaha pudgaladacya kA pariNAma svarUpa hone se apanI anubhUti sa bhinna hai| 2. samayasAra, gA. 387 se 386 taka kI TIkA - "artha - '' maiM (jAnI hone sa) matijJAnAvaraNIya karma ke phala ko nahIM bhogatA, caitanya svarUpa prAtmA kA ho sacetana karatA huuN| - ..... ....-Lami A mere

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kRtiyA~ / [ 365 sAhityika zailiyoM ke prayoga meM ve jitane kuzala haiM usase bhI adhika AdhyAtmika zailiyoM ke anusAra vivecana karane meM ve niSNAta haiM / unake vAGamaya meM prayukta samasta bhASAzailiyoM tathA nirUpaNa zailiyoM ko mukhyataH do vibhAgoM meM rakha sakate haiM / prathama vibhAga meM va samasta sAhityika zailiyAM garbhita haiM jinakA prayoga amRtacandra ke pUrvavartI tathA samavartI sAhityakAroM dvArA hayA hai / inheM hama laukika zailiyAM kaheMge / dUsare vibhAga meM ve samasta prAdhyAtmika dArzanika zailiyA~ AtI haiM jinakA prayoga adhyAtma evaM darzana ke kSetra meM vastutattva ke nirUpaNa meM kiyA jAtA hai / inheM hama alaukika zailiyA~ kheNge| alaukika zailiyoM meM kucha to amRtacandra ke pUrvavartI jainAcAryoM ke jinAgama meM upalabdha hotI haiM kintu kucha zailiyAM aisI bhI milatI hai jinakA praNayana zrAcArya amRtacandra ne hI apanI TIkAkRtiyoM meM kiyA hai / laukika zailiyoM meM vyutpatti yA niruktyartha, saralArtha, sugamavyAkhyA, praznottara, dIrghasamAsapadayukta, sAlaMkRta-kliSTa pada racanA, praznabahula, utprekSArthe "iva"prayoga, upamArthe "iva"prayoga, bahuza: "kadAcit" pada prayoga, vibhinna kriyA pada prayoga prAdi zaMliyoM kI carcA sapramANa tRtIya adhyAya meM kI jA cukI hai| inake atirikta sabhAsavigraha, dRSTAMta - dAnti , tulanAtmaka nirUpaNa, dRSTAMta, sUtrarUpeNa kathana, alaMkAra yukta kaghana, samAsabahula, dIrghakAyavAkyaracanA, laghukAyavAkya racanA, upamArya bat prayoga ityAdi gadyazaM liyA~ bhI prayoga kI gaI haiM / alaukika zailiyoM meM hetupurassara kathana bolI, nayarUpakathana, anumAna-paMcAvayaba prayoga, nyAyazailI grAdi ke sambandha meM prakAza DAlA jA cukA hai| isake atirikta hetuhetumadbhuta zailI, asti nAsti rUpa kathana, pratyabhijJAna, anekAMta, takrabahula dArzanika nirUpaNa ityAdi zailiyA~ bhI dRSTavya haiN| uparokta laukika tathA alaukika nailiyoM ke prayoga meM AcArya amRtacandra kI bhASA vizeSarUpeNa gauravAnvita tathA saundaryAnvita ho uThI hai / ina zailiyoM meM kucha ke udAharaNa prastuta kiye jAte haiN| samAsa vigraha zAlI: eka sthala para " mahAn" pada ke samAsavigraha karake tIna prakAra se artha niSpanna karate hae ve likhate haiM - "abhiH mahAntaH agumahAntaH" athavA "aNubhyAM mahAntaH aNumahAntaH" athavA "praNavazca mahAntazca agumahAntaH / ' isa taraha samAsa vigraha kathana zailI dvArA tIna prakAra ke 1. paMcAstikAya, gA, 4 ko ttiikaa|

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[ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartutva artha kiye gaye haiN| isa prakAra kI zailI ke prayoga TokAnoM meM anyatra bhI milate haiN| aSTAMta - vASrTAnta kathama zailI : dRSTAMta evaM dAnti zailI kA prayoga karake TIkAkAra dRSTAMsa meM mUrtapadArtha kA nA siddhAnta meM va ekAI kA leza marahe haiN| pAThakoM ko viSayavastu sugama tathA subodha banAne hetu zikSaNa sUtroM meM mUrta se amUrta / samajhAne vAlA sUtra bhI prAtA hai / ukta zalI meM isI sUtra kA samAhAra hudhA hai / dravya tathA guNoM ke abhinnapadArthapanA siddha karate hue ve ukta zailI meM likhate haiM - "varNarasagaMdhasparzA hi paramANoH prarUpyaMte, paramANoravibhakta pradezatvenAnanye'pi saMjJAdi vyapadezena nibaMdhanavizeSeranyatvaM prakAzayanti / evaM jJAnadarzane apyAtmani sambaddha prAtmadravyAdavibhakta pradezatvenAnye'pi saMjJAdivyapadezanibaMdhanavizeSaH pRthakatvamAsAdayataH nityamapRthakatvameva vibhrtH| tulanAtmaka kathana zailI : isa zaMlI kA prayoga amRtacandra ne mukhyataH do vastuoM meM bhinnatA siddha karane tathA unake bhinna-bhinna svabhAva kA prakAzana karane hetU kiyA hai| eka sthala para jIva tathA ajIva dravya meM bhinnatA nirUpita karate hue ve likhate haiM -- "iha hi dravyamekatvanibaMdhanabhUtaM dravyatvasAmAnyamanujjhadeva tadadhirUr3havizeSalakSaNasabhAvAdanyonyavyavacchedena jIvAjIvatva vizeSamupIkate / tatra jIvasyAtmadravyamevaikAdhyakti: / ajIvasya punaH pudgaladravyaM dharmadravyamadharmadravyaM kAladravyamAkAzadravyaM ceti paJca vyaktayaH / vizeSalakSaNajIvasya cetanopayogamayatvaM, ajIvasya punaracetanatvam / tatra yatra svadharma dhyApaka tvAtsvarUpatvena protamAnayAnapAyinyA bhagavatyA sevittirUpayA cetanayA 1. pAcAstikAya gA. 51-52 TIkA artha - "varNa-rasa-gaMdha-sparza vAstava meM paramANu ke kahe gaye haiN| be paramANu se abhinna pradeNavAle hone ke kAraNa ananya hone para bhI saMjJAdi pradeza ke kAraNabhUta bhedoM ke dvArA anyapane ko prakAzita karate hai| isI prakAra prAtmA ke zAna-darzana bhI Aramadravya se abhinna pradezavAle hone ke kAraNa ananya hone para bhI, saMjJAdi vyapadeza ke kAraNabhUta bhedoM ke dvArA anyapane ko prApta karate haiM, parantu AtmA svabhAva se hamezA apRthakpane ko hI dhAraNa karatA hai /

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kRtiyA~ 1 1 397 pariNAmalakSaNena dravyavRttirUpeNopayogena ca nirvattatvamavatIrNaM pratibhAti sa jIvaH / yatra punarupayogasahacAritAyA yathoditalakSaNAyAzcetanAyA prabhAvAdbahirantazcAcetanatvamavatIrNe pratibhAti so'jIva: "" isa prakAra kI tulanAtmaka nirUpaNa zailI meM do vastuoM meM bhedapane ko suspaSTa karane vAlI spaSTa bhedaka rekhA khacita pratIta hotI hai / anyatra bhI jJAnabhya bhAva se tathA ajJAnamaya bhAva se kyA hotA hai ? unake bIca spaSTa bhedaka rekhA khIcate hue tulanAtmaka kathana zailI meM hI ve likhate hai - "ajJAnino hi samyaksvapara vivekAbhAve nAtyaMta prastamitaviviktAtmakhyAtitvAdyasmAdajJAnamaya eva bhAvaH syAt tasmiMstu sati svaparayore karavAvyAsena jJAnamAtrAtsvasmAtprabhRSTaH parAbhyAM rAgadveSAbhyAM samamekIbhUya pravartitAhaMkAraH svayaM kilevo'haM rarAjye rUSyAmIti rajyate ruSyati ca tasmAdajJAnamayabhAvAdajJAnI parI rAgadveSAvAtmAnaM kurvan karoti karmANi / jJAninastu samyaksvapara vivekenAtyaMto ditaviviktAtmakhyAtitvAdyasmAd jJAnamaya evaM bhAvaH syAt tasmiMstu sati svaparayornAnAtvavijJAnena jJAnamAtre svasminsuniviSTaH parAbhyAM rAgadveSAbhyAM pRthagbhUtatayA svarasata eva nivRttAhaMkAraH svayaM kila kevalaM jAnAtyeva na rajyate, na ca ruSyati, tasmAt jJAnamayabhAvAt jJAnI parI rAgadve pAvAtmAnamakurvanna karoti karmANi / 2 1. pravacanasAra, gAthA 127 kI TIkA - artha - "isa vizva meM dravya, ekatva ke kAraNabhUta dravyasAmAnya ko chor3e binA hI, usameM rahe hue vizeSa lakSaNoM ke sadbhAva ke kAraNa eka dUsare se pRthaka kiye jAne para jIvasvarUpa aura ajIva rUpa vizeSa ko prApta hotA hai / usameM jIva kA Atmadravya hI eka bheda hai aura ajIva ke pudgaladravya, dhamaMdravya, kAladravya, tathA prakAzadravya yaha pA~ca bheda hai| jIva kA vizeSa lakSaNa cetanA-upayogamayatva hai aura ajIva kA acetanapatA hai| vahAM (jIva ) svayama meM vyApanevAlI hone se svarUpa se prakAzita hotI huI, avinAzanI bhagavatI, saMvedana rUpa cetanA ke dvArA tathA cetanA pariNAmalakSaNa dravyapariNati rUpa upayoga ke dvArA jisameM niSpApanA avatarita pratibhAsita hotA hai vaha jIva hai aura jisameM upayoga ke sAtha rahane bAlI yathokta lakSaNavAlI cetanA kA abhAva hone se bAhara tathA bhItara acetanApanA avatarita pratibhAsita hotA hai / vaha ajIva hai / 2. samayasAra, gAyA 127 ko TIkA kA artha - "ajJAnI ke samyakprakAra se, svapara kA viveka na hone ke kAraNa bhinna zrAtmA kI khyAti atyanta zrasta ho cukane

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368 ] | prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva isa prakAra ukta tulanAtmaka zailI kA prayoga mAtra gadya meM hI nahIM huA apitu padyoM meM bhI isI zailI kA prayoga bar3I hI kuzalatA ke sAtha huA hai| udAharaNa ke lie jJAna mokSa kA kAraNa hai, karma mokSa kA kAraNa nahIM hai - isa bAta kI siddhi hetu ve do padyoM dvArA vibhAjita rekhA khIMcakara spaSTa karate haiM - yathA - vRtta jJAnasvabhAvena jJAnasya bhavanaM sadA / ekadravyamvabhAvatvAnmokSahetustadeva tat / / 106 / / vRttaM karmasvabhAvena jJAnasya bhavanaM na hi / dravyAMtarasvabhAvatvAnmokSaheturna karma tat / / 107 / / ' dRSTAMta zailI : prAcArya amRtacandra dvArA prayukta dRSTAMta zailI atyanta spaSTatA ke sAtha pratipAdya viSaya ko udghATita karatI hai| dRSTAMta ke kAraNa viSayavastu atyanta sarala evaM sahajagrAhya ho jAtI hai / yathA - eka sthAna para subhopayoga kI kAraNaviparItA me phala viparItatA hotI hai, yaha spaSTa karate hue likhA hai - yathaikeSAmapi bojAnAM bhUmivaparItyAnniSpattivaparItya, tathaikasyApi prazastarAgalakSaNasya zubhopayogasya pAtravaparItyAtphalavaiparItthaM kAraNavizeSAtkAryavizeSasyAvazyaMbhAvitvAt / / se ajJAnamaya bhAva hI hotA hai / aura usake hone se, svapara ke ekatva ke abhyAma ke kAraNa jJAnamAtra aise nija meM se bhraSTa huA hai, para kapa rAgadveSa ke sAya eka hokara svayaM ahaMkAra meM pravata rahA hai / "yaha maiM pavArtha meM rAgI hUM, dveSI hUM" aisA mAnatA hunA rAgI aura dveSI hotA hai / isalie amAnamaya bhAva ke kAraNa ajJAnI apane ko pararAgadveparUpa karatA huA kamoM ko karatA hai| samayasAra kalaNa 106-107 artha - "jAna eka (jIba) vyasvabhAvI hone se jJAna ke rava bhAva se sadA jJAna kA bhavana banatA hai, isalie zAna hI mokSa kA kAraNa hai| 106 / " karma pranya (pudgala) drabyasvabhAvI hone se kama ke svabhAva se jJAna kA bhavana nahIM banAtA hai, isalie karma mokSa kA kAraNa nahIM hai|" 177 / 2. pravacanasAra gAthA 255 kI TIkA - artha - "jaise bIja jyoM kA yoM hone para bhI bhUmi kI viparIsatA se niSpatti (phala) kI viparItatA hotI hai,

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kRniyoM ] | 366 sAlaMkRta dIrghasamAsa-dIrghavAzya prayoga rUpa zailo : ukta TIkAkAra kI alaMkArayukta, samAsamayI tathA dIrghakAya vAkya prayoga rUpa zailI bhI atyanta AkarSaka hai| ukta vizeSatAoM se yukta gadya meM vAkyavinyAsa cAturI, zabdAsaMghaTanArUpa kuzalatA, dhyanyAkarSaNa, sahajapravAha, anuprAsa cAlatA Adi vaiziSTya bhI vidyamAna haiN| udAharaNa svarUpa prastuta nimnAMkita gadyAMza uparokta vizeSatAoM se to paripUrNa hai hI, sAtha hI amRtacandra kI asAdhAraNa bhASAprabhutA, praur3hatA tathA prakhara vidvatA kA bhI paricAyaka hai / yathA - prAgama-jJAna, tattvArthazraddhAna, saMyatattva kA yugapatapanA hone para bhI prAtmajJAna ke mokSamArga kA sAdhakatamapanA batAte hue likhA hai - 'yadajJAnI karmakramaparipATyA bAlatapovaicitryopakrameNa ca padhyamAnamupAttarAgadveSatayA sukhaduHkhAdivikArabhAvapariNata: punarAropitasaMgAnaM bhavazatasahasrakoTibhiH kathaMcana nistarati, tadeva jJAnI syAtkAra ketanAgamajJAnatattvArthadhavAnasaMyatatvayogapadyAtizayaprasAdAsAdita muddhajJAnamayAtmatattvAnubhUtilakSaNazAnitvasadbhAvAtkAyavAD.manaHkapiramapravRttatriguptatvAta pracaNDopakramapavyamAnamapahastita rAgadveSatayA duranirastasa masta sukhaduHkhAdivikAraH punaranAropitasaMtAnamuccha vAsamAtreNaiva lIlayeva pAtayati / ata prAgamajJAnatatvAryazraddhAnasaMyatatvayogapadya 'yAtmajJAnameva mokSamArgasAdhakatamamanumantavyam / ....... . . --- usI prakAra prazAsagamasyarUpa zubhopayoga ke jyoM kA tyoM hone para bhI pAtra kI viparItatA se ph| kI viparItA hotI haiN| kyoMdiyAe ke bheda ge kArya kA bheda avazyambhAvI (anivArya) hai| pravacanasAra, gA. 238 - artha jo karma (ajJAnI ko) kramaparipATI ne tathA aneka prakAra ke bAlattapAdi rUma udyama se pakate hue, rAga-dveSa ko grahaNa kriyA hunA hone se mukha duHkhAdi vikArabhAvarUpa pari emita hokara, puna: usakI saMtAna-paramparA ko pAropita karatA huA lakSakoTi bhavoM taka jisa prakAra yajAnI pAra karatA hai, vahIM kama saanii| ko sthAnamA ratanarUpa AgamajJAna, tatvArthavaddhAna aura saMyatatva ke yugapatpane ke atizaya prasAda prAptI huI mujhajJAnamaya yAtmatatva kI anubhUti lakSaNa vAle jJAnopane ke sadabhAva ke kAragA kAya vacana mana ke karmoM ke uparabha (vizrAma) se triguptitA pravartamAna hone se pracaNDa udyama se pacatA huA, rAga-dvega ke chor3ane se samajha sukhaduHkhAdi vikAraH atyanta nirasta humA hone se. puna: mahAna (rAga-nuSa kI

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400 / [ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva AcArya amRtacandra ne jahA~ ukta dIrghakAya, - pANDityapUrNa, arthagarimAyukta tathA prabhAvotpAdaka bhASAzailI kA prayoga kiyA hai, vahA~ unhoMne laghukAya vAkya, saralasubodha tathA prabhAvamayI zailI kA bhI prayoga kiyA hai| eka sthala para adhyaksAna kA svarUpa batAte hae ukta zailI kA prayoga kiyA hai| laghukAyavAkyAvali yukta zailI - yathA - "ratraparayoraviveke sati jIvasyAdhyavamitimAtramadhyavasAnaM, tadeva ca bodhanamAtratvAd buddhiH, vyavasAnamAtratvAd vyavasAyA, mAnanamAtratvAnmatiH, vijJAptimAtratvAdavijJAna, cetanAmAtratvAccittaM, citto bhavanamAtratvAdbhAvaH, citaH pariNamanamAtratvAdpariNAma / " isa prakAra yahA~ prAcArya amRtacandra dvArA prayukta laukika sAhityika bhASA zailiyoM kA paricaya karAyA gyaa| aba unakI katipaya alaukika dArzanika kathana zailiyoM para bhI prakAza DAlA jAtA hai| uparokta uddharaNa meM ladhubAkya mayI zailI ke sAtha hI sAtha hetu paraka zailI kA bhI prayoga huA hai| yathA "bodhanamAtratvAt" pada ke aMta paMcamI vibhakti ke prayoga dvArA hetRpane ko pradarzita kiyA hai| ukta pada kA artha hai "bodhanamAnapane ke kAraNa" prAdhyavasAna ko buddhi kahA hai| yahA~ "ke kAraNa" pada hetu vAcaka hai| ukla paMcamI vibhakti kA prayoga prAyaH ukta uddharaNa ke pratyeka vAkya meM kiyA gayA hai / yahI unake dvArA prayukta hetuparaka dArzanika zailI hai / utta zailI zailI kA eka aura udAharaNa yahA~ prastuta kiyA jAtA hai / puNyajanita paramparA) ko Aropita na karatA huA ucchvAsa mAtra meM hI lIlA se hI jJAnI naSTa kara detA hai| ata: prAgamana, tatvArthazraddhAna tayA saMyasapane kA yugapatapanA hone para bhI AtmajJAna ko hI mokSa kA sAdhakatama kAraga mAnanA caahie| samayasAra, gAthA 271 kI TIkA-artha - "svapa'ra kA aviveka hone para jIya ko adhyavasiti (paraNati) mAtra se adhyavasAna hai, vahI bodhanamApane ke kAraNa buddhi hai, vyavasAyamApane ke kAraNa vyavasAya hai, mananamA apane ke kAraNa mati hai, vijJaptimAtrapane ke kAraNa vijJAna hai, cetanAmAtrapane ke kAraNa citta hai, cetana ke bhavanamAtrAne ke kAraNa bhAva hai, cetana ke pariNAmamA apane ke kAraNa pariNAma hai|

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kRtiyA~ ] i 401 indriyasukhoM ko duHkha rUpa hI prakAzita karate hue TIkAkAra TIkA meM hetuoM kI bauchAra sI karake tathya siddhi karate haiM / ve likhate haiM - "saparatvAt, bAdhAsahitatvAt vicchinnatvAt baMdhakAraNatvAt, viSamatvAcca puNyajanyamapIndriya sukhaM duHkhameva syAt / " - zranyasthaloM para hetu kA hetu prastuta karake hetuhetubhUt zailI kA paricaya diyA hai / yathA "na khalu dravyaM vyAntaraNAmArambhaH sarvadravyANAM svabhAvasiddhatvAt, svabhAvasiddhatvaM tu teSAmanAdinidhanatvAt zranAdinidhanaM hi na hi sAdhanAntara mapekSate | prastinAsti rUpa kathana zailI : isa zailI meM prAcArya amRtacandra tathya kI siddhi evaM zraddhA kI dRr3hatA hetu eka hI zrabhiprAya ko astirUpa se tathA nAsti rUpa se prastuta karate haiN| udAharaNa ke lie mokSamArga kI hI sUcanA karate hue mokSamArga ko ATha vizeSatAoM dvArA zrasti tathA nAsti ubhaya pakSIya kathana dvArA karate hue likhate haiN| 1. .12 "mokSamArgasya tAvatsUcaneyam / samyaktvajJAnayuktameva, nAsamyaktvajJAnayuktaM cAritramevanAcAritraM rAgadveSaparihINameva, na rAgadveSAparihINa, mokSasyaiva nabhAvato baMdhasya, mArga eva, nAmArgaH, bhavyAnAmeva, nAbhavyAnAM labdhabuddhInAmeva, nAlabdhabuddhInAM kSINakaSAyatve bhavatyeva na kaSAyasahitatve bhavatItyandhA niyamo'tra dRSTavyAH / 3 7 3. , F pravacanasAra gAthA 76 kI TIkA kA artha " para sambandhayukta hone ke kAraNa, bAdhAsahita hone ke kAraNa, vicchinna hone ke kAraNa, baMdha kA kAraNa aura viSama hone ke kAraNa indriyasukha - puNyajanya hone para bhI duHkha hI hai / " pravacanasAra gA. & kI TIkA kA artha "vAstava meM dravyoM se ivyAntara kI utpatti nahIM hotI kyoMki sarva dravya svabhAvasiddha hai tathA svabhAvasiddhatA bhI anAdinidhanatA ke kAraNa hai| kyoMki anAdi nidhana ko mAdhanAntara kI apekSA nahIM hotI / " paMcAstikAya gAvA 106 "artha - mokSamArga ko hI yaha sUcanA hai| vaha mokSa mArga) samyaktva aura jJAna sahita ho hai, na ki samyaktva aura jJAna rahita / cAritra rUpa hI hai, na ki anAritrarUpa rAga dveSa se rahita hI hai, na ki rAga dveSa se sahita mokSa kA hI mArga hai, na ki bhAva rUpa se baMdha kA mArga

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jA zaradra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva uparokta vAkyoM meM pahale astiparaka tathA "na" padayukta vAkyoM meM nAstiparaka kathana kiyA hai| aisI kathanazailI meM bhrAnti kA avasara nahIM rahatA apitu zraddhAna pakkA ho jAtA hai| isI zailI meM virodhI bhAvoM ke bIca tathA heva upAdeya ke bIca spaSTa antara dikhAyA jA sakatA hai / yathA - vItarAgacAritra se mokSa tathA sarAga cAritra se baMdha batAkara prathama ko upAdeya tathA dUsare ko heya nirUpita karate hue astinAstiparaka zailI meM hI likhA hai - "saMpadyate hi darzanajJAnapradhAnAccAritrAdvItarAgAnmokSaH / tata eva ca sarAgAddha vAsura manujarAjavibhavaklezarUpo baMdhaH / ato mumukSuNeSTaphalatvAdgItarAgacAritramupAdeyamaniSTaphalatvAtsarAgacAritraM heyam / ' kliSTa tarkabahula gambhIra vArzanika tattvanirUpaNa zailI - prAcArya amRtacandra kI AdhyAtmika zailiyoM meM nirUpaNa kI asAdhAraNa kSamatA kA caramotkarSa evaM rasotkarSa unakI samayasAra kI AtmakhyAti TIkA meM sarvatra dekhane meM AtA hai, parantu unako dArzanika, gambhIra, tarkabahala, kliSTa tasvanirUpaka zailI kA caramotkarSa paMcAstikAya kI TokA meM tathA vizeSarUpeNa pravacanasAra kI tatvapradIpikA TIkA meM Adyanta dRSTigocara hotA hai / jisa tathya kI siddhi karane kI pratijJA ke karate haiM, use ve satarka, sodAharaNa evaM dArzanika praur3hatA dvArA atyanta spaSTa karane meM koI kasara nahIM rakhate / aisI dArzanika vyAkhyAe~ itanI kliSTa tathA arthagAmbhIrya se yukta hotI hai ki ve acche-acche dArzanika vidvAnoM ke garva ko kharva karatI huI tAtvika marma ko bhalIprakAra prakaTa karatI haiM / aisI dArzanika vyAkhyAoM meM prayuka ukta dArzanika zailI pAThakoM ko bANabhaTTa kI kliSTa samAsabahula zailI kI yAda dilAtI hai / bANabhaTTa ko ukta zailI mArga hI hai, na ki amArga / bhannyajIvoM kA hI (mArga), na ki abhavyajIvoM kA / sandhabuddhijanoM kA hI, na ki alabdhabuddhijanoM kaH kSIrasakaSAyapane meM hI hotA hai, na ki kaSAya sahitapane meM hotA hai / isa prakAra ATha prakAra ke niyama yahA~ jAnanA caahie| . pravacanamAra, gA. 6 "ayaM -- darzanajAma pradhAnatA se vIpta rAga cAritra se mokSa hotA hai / aura vahI yadi sarAgadhArita ho to usase devendra-prasurendranarendra ke vaibhava kalepArUpa baMdha kI prApti hotI hai| igAlae mumukSuoM ko iSTaphala vAlA hone se zetasagacAritra grahaNa karane yogya hai (upAdeya hai) / bhaura aniSTaphana vAlA hone se sarAgacAritra tyAgane yogya hai (heya hai)|

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kRtiyAM ] [ 403 ko pAlocakoM ne vindhyAcala kI bhAMti gahana tathA kliSTa dilaSTa padayojanA, jaTila samAsayukadIrghapadAvali mAdi rUpa hisa jantuoM se saMcArita aura pAThakoM ko bhayotpAdaka mAnA hai| yahA~ prAcArya amRtacandra kI bhI javata dArzanika nirUpaNa zailI arthagAMbhIrya tathA advitIya tarka bAhUlya ke kAraNa dArzanikoM ko camatkArotpAdaka tathA kharatara dRSTi hIna janoM ko bhayotpAdaka bhI pratIta hotI hai kintu unake rasika adhyetAnoM ko nArikelaphala kI bhAMti paramAnandadAyaka, prAtmatRptikAraka parama rasAyana zrI bhAMti pratIta hotI hai| udAharaNa ke lie yahA~ uparokta daulI meM nirUpita tattva ko prastuta kiyA jAtA hai| kAladravya kI siddhi karake yada hAra kAla ke kathaMcit parAzyapane kA nirUpaNa karate hue ve likhate haiM - yaha hi jyahAsyA nimiva samAjAdI amti tAvat cira iti kSipra iti sampratyayaH / sa khalu dIrghahasvakAla nibaMdhanaM pramANamaMtareNa na saMbhAvyate tadapi pramANaM pudagaladravyapariNAmamaMtareNa nAvadhAryate / tata: parapariNAmadyotamAnatvAdvyavahAra kAlo nizcayenAnanyAzrito'pi pratItyabhava ityabhidhIyate / tadavAstikAya sAmAnyaprarUpaNAyAmaptikAyatvAbhAvAtsAkSAdanapananyasyamAno'pi jIvapudgala pariNAmAnyathAnupapatyA nizciyarUpastatpariNAmAyattatayA vyavahArarUpaH kAlo'stikAya paJcakavAlalokamapeNa pariNata iti svaratara iSTyAmdhupagamyata iti / ' isI taraha 1. paMcAstikAgna gA. 2F kI TIkA - artha - prathama to nimeSasamayAdikAla meM cira aura kSipra (Tamve tathA thor3e samaya taka) jJAna hotA hai / vaha jJAna vAstava meM dIrgha nathA lapa kAna ke sAtha sambandha rakhane vAlA pramANa (kAla parimANA) vinA sambhava nahIM hai / vaha pramANa pudgaladravya ke pariNAma binA nizcita nahIM hotA / ata: vyavahAratrAA para ke pariNAma dvArA jAnane meM AtA huA hone se . nizcaya se yaha anya ke Azrita nahIM hai no bhI (para ke) Azrayapane se utpanna hone vAlA kahA jAtA hai| isalie kAla ke astikAvapane ke abhAva ke kAraNa yahA~ astikAya kI sAmAnya prarUpaNA meM usakA (kAla bA) sIdhA kadhana nahIM hai, to bho jIba va pudagala ke pariNAma ko anyayA anupapasi ke dvArA nipacaya rUpa kAla siddha hai tathA usake pariNAma ke Azcaya se yaha nizcita hotA hai ki vyavahArakAla paMcAstikAya kI bhAMti lokarUpa meM pariNAmatA hai, isa prakAra ati tIkSNa dRSTi se jAnanA sambhava hai|

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404 / / prAcArya amRta candra : vyaktitva evaM kasva anyatra bhI kAladravya ke urvapracaya ko niranvaya (eka pravAha rUpa na rahane vAlA) mAnane kA khaNDana karate hue dArzanika gaMbhIra zailI meM ye likhate haiN| - "samayo hi samayapadArthasya vRtyaMzaH / tasmin kasyApyavazyamutpAdapradhvaMsI saMbhavataH, paramArgovyatipAtotpadyamAnatvena kAraNa pUrvatvAt / tau yadi vRtyaMzasyaiva,ki yogapadya na, ki krameNa ? yogapona cet nAsti yogapadya, samamekagya viruddhdhrmyornvtaaraat| krameNa let nAsti kramaH vRtyaMzasya sUkSmatvena vibhAgAbhAvAt / tato vRttimAnakoDapyayavazyamanusatavyaH / sa ca samaya padArtha ev| tamya' khalu - kasmindapi vRtyaMze samutpAdapradhvaM sau saMbhavata: / yo hi vasya vRttimato yasmin vRtyaMza tavRtyaMzaviziSTatvenotpAdaH, sa eva tasyaiva vRttimatastisminneva vRtyaze pUrvavRtyaMza viziSTatvena pradhyaMsa | yadyaghamUtpAdabyayAvekasminnapi vRtvaMza saMbhavataH samayapadArthasya kathaM nAma niranvayatvaM, yataH pUrvottaravRtyaMza viziSTatvAmyAM yugapadupAtapradhvaMsotpA - syApi svabhAvenApradhvastAnutpannatvAdavasthitapvameva na bhavet / evamekasmin, 1. pravacanasAra gA. 142 (jeyatattvaprajJApana) - artha - "samaya kAlapadArtha vA vRtyaMza hai usa vRttaMza (mukSmAtisUkSma paryAya) meM kisI ke bhI avazya utpAda tathA vinAza sambhAvina haiM, kyoMki paramANu ke atikramaNa ke dvArA (samaya rUpa vRtyaMga) paidA hotA hai / ataH vaha kAraNa pUrvaka hai / yadi utpatti aura vinAmA mRtyaMza ke hI mAne jAyeM to, (prazna hotA hai ki ve yugapat hai yA kramazaH ? yadi yugapat kahA jAya to yugapatapanA ghaTita nahIM hotA, kyoMki eka hI samaya meM eka ke do virodhI dharma (paryAna) nahIM hote / yadi kahA jAya ki kramazaH hai, to Rma bhI ghaTita nahIM hotA koMki vRtyaMza ke mukSma hone se usameM vibhAga kA abhAva hai, isalie koI tRtimAna, avazya denA cAhie / aura vaha (vRttimA) kAlapadArtha hI hai| usako vAstava meM eka vRspeza meM bhI utpAda-vinAza sammana hai, kyoMki jisa vRttimAna. ke jisa vRtti graMza meM jisa vRtyA kI apekSA me jo utpAda hai vo usI vRttimAna ke usI dRnyaMza meM pUrvavRtyaMza kI apekSA se vinAza hai / yadi isa prakAra jamAda aura vinAza eka vRtyaMza meM bhI sambhaSita hai. to kAlapadArtha niranvayana kaise ho sakatA hai ki jisase pUrva aura pazcAta vRlmaMga kI apekSA se gAt vinAza aura utpAda ko prApta hotA huA bhI svabhAva se avinaSTa aura anutpanna hone se vaha (kAlapadArtha) avasthita na ho ? isa prakAra eka vRtyaMza meM kAlapadArtha utpAda vyaya dhauSya vAlA hai aisA siddha huaa|

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kRtiyA~ / / 405 vRtyaMze samayapadArthasyotpAda vyaya dhrauvyattvaM siddham / " aAge bar3I dRr3hatA ke sAtha ve likhate haiM ki kAla kI sAmAnya vizeSa astitva kI siddhi bhI astitva kI siddhi binA kisI prakAra bho siddha nahIM ho sakatI - yathA "asti hi samasteSvani vRtyaMzeSu samayapadArthasyotpAdavyaya prauvyatvamekanmin vRtyaMze tasya darzanAt, upapattimaccaMtat, vizeSAstitvasya sAmAnyAptitvamantareNAnupapatteH / ayameva ca samayapadArthasya siddhayati sadbhAvaH / yadi vizeSasAmAnyAstitve siddhatastadA tu astitvamaMtareNa na siddhayataH kathaMcidApi / "1 isa prakAra amRtacandra kI kutiyoM kI bhASA aneka laukika alaukika zailiyoM se samRddha hai| ve kahIM bhI apanI AdhyAtmika rasikatA tathA tI mAM kI niha. / unakI bhASA tathA bhASAzailiyA~ jahA~ eka ora saMskRta vAGamaya ke samRddhizAlI yuga ko iMgita karatI haiM, vahIM dUsarI ora jaina adhyAtma evaM darzana kI zreSThatA tathA sAhityaka vaibhava ko bhI pragaTa karatI haiN| amRtacandra ne uparokta zailiyoM ke atirikta nATyaulI tathA campUkAvya zailI meM bhI nirUpaNa kiyA hai / unakI bhASA tathA zailI viSayaka prAMjalatA, praur3hatA, pANDitya prakharatA, tathA bhASA prabhutA nizcita hI advitIya, anupama evaM asAdhAraNa hai| unakI bhASA aura zailI kA sUmela adhyAtma kI gaMgA tathA dArzanika bhAvoM kI yamunA kI bhAMti hai evaM jijJAsugroM ko avagAhanArtha prAkarSita karatI hai / pralaMkAra : aba, prAcArya amRtacandra kI bhASA tathA zailI ke prAkalana ke pazcAt alaMkAra chaMda, rasa, guNa Adi sAhityika vidhAnoM kA bhI mUlyAMkana kiyA jAtA hai / yadyapi unake vyaktitva tathA bhASA - zailI Adi para prakAza DAlate samaya yatra tatra uddharaNoM meM alaMkAra Adi ukta sabhI kAvyAtmaka vizeSatAoM ke bhI darzana hote haiM, tathApi yahA~ unako vizeSarUpeNa dikhAte haiN| 1. pravaranasAra, gA. 143 kI TIkA kA artha - "kAlapadArtha ke sabhI vRtyazoM meM utpAda-vyaya ghovya hote haiM kyoMki eka atyaMza ke dekhe jAte haiN| aura yaha ucita hI hai kyoMki vizeSa astitva sAmAnya astitva ke binA nahIM ho sapanA / yahI kAna padArtha ke sadabhAva kI siddhi hai, kyoNki| yadi vizeSa astitva aura sAmAnya astitva siddha hote haiM to ve astitva ke binA kisI bhI prakAra se siddha nahIM hote|

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| AcArya zramRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva sAhityAlocakoM kI dRSTi meM sAlaMkRta kAvya cAhe vaha gadya rUpa ho yA padya rUpa, sahRdaya pAThakoM ko manorama, sarala tathA vizeSa prAnaMdadAyaka hotA hai | sAhitya vidoM meM kucha to alaMkAra se hI kAvya ko sahaja grAhya mAnate haiM' kyoMki alaMkAra kAvya kA sondarya hai tathA sauMndarya hI AkarSaNa kA kAraNa hai| adhikAMza kaviyoM ke prayoga meM satarkatA tathA prayAsa kI zrAvazyakatA par3atI hai kintu siddhahasta - pratibhAsampanna kaviyoM ke kAvya meM alaMkAroM kA prasphuTana sahaja evaM svayameva ho jAtA hai| alaMkAroM kA yathAvasara yathocita prayoga hI kavi kI kAvyakuzalatA kA paricAyaka hai | alaMkAroM ke vaijJAnika vargIkaraNa tathA spaSTIkaraNa meM bhI kAvyakalA kI pravINatA jJAta hotI hai / kavi kI manasthiti tathA anubhUtiyoM kA mApana bhI alaMkAroM ke dvArA kiyA jA sakatA hai ataH alaMkAroM ke prayoga se kAvya meM cArutA, sundaratA, grAkarSaNa tathA rasAnubhUti Adi guNoM kA utkarSa dekhA jAtA hai| alaMkAroM kA kAvyotkarSa tathA kavi pratibhA kI abhivyakti meM mahatvapUrNa yogadAna hotA hai| E 406 | uparokta alaMkAraviSayaka kasauTI para AcArya pramRtacandra kAvyaktitva pratibhA sampanna - siddhahastakavi ke rUpa meM ubhara kara sAmate zrAtA hai / unakI kRtiyAM sAlaMkRta hone se manohara, sarasa evaM rasaplAvita hai| apane alaukika yAnaMda tathA adhyAtmarasa ke atireka dvArA unakI kRtiyAM adhyAtmarasika mumukSumoM ko saundaryAdhAyaka evaM AkarSaka banI huI haiM / alaMkAroM ke samucita prayoga se amRtacandra kI gadya tathA padya kRtiyoM meM AtmAnubhUti viSayaka rasa kA zrAsvAdana karAne kI apUrva kSamatA vidyamAna hai / unakI kRtiyoM meM prayukta alaMkAra sahaja evaM anubhUtiparaka haiM / anuprAsa tathA upamA yadi pralaMkAra grAbhUSaNoM kI bhAMti zabda tathA artha donoM ke saundaryavardhaka mAne gaye haiM / prAcArya amRtacandra kI kRtiyoM meM prayukta anuprAsa tathA upamA kI chaTA anupama hai| cAhe gadyaracanA ho yA paca, anuprAsa aura upamA ke samucita prayoga meM amRtacandra siddhahasta haiM / unake dvArA prayukta anuprAsa upamAdi pralaMkAroM kA saundarya prastuta hai. -- 9. 2. ma. kAvyaM grAhyamalavaGArAt / saundarya malaGakAraH ( alaMkAra sUtra - vAmana ) sUtra 6/1/2 / alaMkAra mImAMsA - DA. rAjavaMza sahAya pR. 69 / 4. kAvyaprakAza aSTama ullAsa 67 /

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kRtiyAM ] yathA - gadyakAvya meM anuprAsa kI chaTA nirAlI hI hai "meSaivA nimeSonmeSitacakSu / " ( zrAtmakhyAti gA. 8 kI TIkA ) "ebodyadamaMdAnaMdamayAzrujala jhalallocanapAtrastatpratipadyata" / (vahI, gA. = kI TIkA) satata bhavanti / " "vighaTitaghanaghaTano digAbhoga iva nirargalaprasaraH / " (vahI, gA. 74 kI TIkA) "yathA varNAdayo bhAvAH krameNa bhAvitAvirbhAva tirobhAvAbhistAmistAbhivyaktibhiH pudgaladravyamanugacchantaH pudgalasya varNAdi tAdAtmyaM prathayanti / " (vahI, gA. 62 TIkA ) "yathottaraMga nista raMgAvasthayoH samIrasaMcaraNAsaMcaraNa nimittayorapi samIrapArAvArayogya pyivyApakabhAvAbhAvAtkartR karmatvAsiddhI' bhAvyabhAvaka bhAvAbhAvAtparabhAvasya / " (vahI, gA. 83 TIkA) "ghoraghanaghAtAbhighAtaparamparAsthAnIyaM zarIragatasukhadukhaM na syAt / (pravacanasAra gA. 20 kI ta. pra. TIkA) "prabhAkaraH prabhataprabhAbhArabhAsvara svarUpa vikasvaraprakAzazAlitayAtejaH / " samupacIyamAna mahAmohamalamalImasamAnasatayA (vahI, gA. 68 TIkA ) nityamajJAnino (vahI, gA. 2.71 TIkA) pAkAvya meM bhI anuprAsa kA prayoga dekhiye bhUtaM bhAMtamabhUtameva rabhAsAnnibhidya baMdha sudhI dyantaH kila ko'pyaho kalayati vyAhRtya mohaM haThAt / "nizzaMkaH satataM svayaM sa sahajaM jJAnaM sadA vindati / " "durAkhadacaritravaibhavavalAccaM ca cicadacirmayoM / vidanti svarasAbhiSikta bhuvanAM jJAnasya saMcetanAm / / "unmuktamunmocyamazeSatastat, tathAttamAdeyamazeSatastat / yadAtmanaH saMhata sazakteH pUrNasya saMdhAraNamAtmanIha || (vahI, kra. 236) ! "heloluptamahAmohata mastomaM jayatyadaH / prakAzayajjagattatvamanekAntamayaM mahaH || " ( pravacanasAra ta. pra. padya kra. 2 ) (vahI, kra. 223) - [ 407 gadyakAvya meM upamA vidhAna bhI manorama hai - yathA "gauriva bAhyamAnasya H " ( kalaza kra. 12) (vahI, R. 156 ) ( zrAtmakhyAti TI. gA. 4)

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| 428 1 [prAcArya amRta candra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva "pravalokyate hi teSAM stamberamasya karegukuTTanImAtrasparza iva, sapharasya bADizA miSasvAda iva, indirasya saMkocasaMmukhAravindAmoda iva, patacha gasya pradIpA rUpa iba, kuragaGamasya mRgeyugeyasvara iva,"......." (pravacanasAra gA. 64 kI TIkA) ....."kuzIla manoramAmanorama kareNukuTTanIrAgasaMsargavat' aAtmakhyAti TI. gA. 147) padyaracanAtroM meM upamA kA rUpa varzanIya hai - tajjayati para jyoliH samaM samastaranantaparyAyaH / darpaNatala iva sakalA pratiphalati padArtha mAlikA yatra / / ' itiyo natarakSArtha satataM pAlayati saphalazIlAni / varayati patibareva svayameva tamutsukA zivapadanI / / 2 prAcArya amRtacandra kI racanAyoM meM alaMkAra hI nahIM, apitu unake bheda-prabhedoM kA bhI avataraNa pathAvasara huA hai / upamA ke bhedoM meM pUrNopamA, luptopamA prAdi kA prayoga dekhane ko milatA hai| samayasAra kalaza meM eka sthala para "uditamamRtacandra jyotiretatsamaMtAt" pada dvArA prAtmA ko amRtacandrajyoti arthAt amRtamaya candramA ke samAna jyoti kahA hai, jo luptopamAlaMkAra hai, kyoMki "amRtacandrabajyotiH" pada kA samAsa karane para yat kA lopa hokara "amRtacandrajyotiH" hotA hai| isa prakAra ukta udAharaNoM se upamAlaMkAra ke prayoga kI kavicAtarI kA spaSTa bodha ho jAtA hai / mAlocakoM kA abhimata hai ki upamAlaMkAra kI apekSA utprekSAlaMkAra ke prayoga meM kavi kI kAvyapratibhA vizeSarUpa se vikasita hotI hai| amRtacandra utprekSA ke prayoga meM bhI apane kauzala kA prayoga karate haiM / unake dvArA prayukta utprekSAalaMkAra unakI kAvya pratibhA kA jvalaMta pramANa hai| gadyaracanA meM utprekSAlaMkAra kA manohAri rUpa dekhiye - eka sthala para ve likhate haiM ki eka jJAyaka bhAva (AtmA) kA samasta zeyoM ko jAnane kA svabhAva hone se kramazaH pravartamAna, anaMta bhUta vartamAna 1. pu. si. - padya naM. 1 / 2. vahI - padya 180 / 3. samarasAra, AtmakhyAti TIkA, kalaza kra. 276 kA bhAvArtha / 4, mahAkavi haricandra - eka anuzIlana -- pR. 49. adhyAya 2.

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kRtiyAM / / 406 bhAvI vicitra paryAyasamUha vAle, gambhIra tathA agAdha svabhAva vAne samasta dravyamAtra ko, mAno ve dravya jJAyaka svabhAva meM utkIrNa ho gaye hoM, citrita ho gaye hoM, bhItara ghusa gare hoM, kIlita ho gaye hoM, DUba gadhe hoM, samA gaye hoM, pratibimbita hue hoM, isa prakAra - eka kSaNa meM hI (vaha zuddhAtmA. pratyakSa karatA hai / TIkAkAra kI mula zabda saMracanA isa prakAra hai - "athaikalya jJAyakabhAvasya samastajJeyabhAvasvabhAvatvAt protkIrNa-likhitanikhAta - kI lita - majjita - samAvartita - pratibimbitabattatra kramapravRttAnanta bhUtabhavadbhAvivicitraparyAya prArabhAramagAdhasvabhAvaM gambhIra samastamapi dradhyajAtameka kSaNa eva pratyakSayantaM ......" padyaracanA meM utprekSAlaMkAra kA saundarya bhI dRSTavya hai : prAkArakalitAmbara-mupavana rAjInirgINa bhUmitalam / / pibatIva hi nagaramidaM parikhAvalayena pAtAlam / / isI taraha rUpaka alaMkAra kA prayoga TIkA kAra na apanI gadya tathA paca ubhaya vidhAoM meM bahuzaH kiyA hai / unako "laghutatvasphoTa" nAmaka kRti to utprekSA alaMkAra se prAdhAnya maNDita hai| rUpakAlaMkAra ke bhI aneka udAharaNa upalabdha haiM :mokSalakSmI svayaMvarAyamANa........ (pravacanasAra gA. 5 ko TIkA) mahAmohamalasya jIvadavasthatvAt...' (vahI gA. 55 kI ttokaa| saMsArasAgare bhramantIti............ (paMcAstikAya gA. 172 kI kIkA) pramAdakAdambarImadabharAlasacetaso..... (vahI, gA, 172 ttiikaa| mahatA mohanaheNa.......... (samayasAra gA. 4 TIkA) samyagbodhamahAratharathinAnyena ........ (vahIM, gA. 8 TIkA) iti vividhabhaMgagahane......... (pu. si. padya 58) paramamahisArasAyanaM labdhvA ....... (pu. si. padma 78) anakAMtamayImUrtinityameva prakAzatAma ""(samayasAra kalaza - kra. 2 // praanNdaamRtnitybhoji.........| (samayasAra kalaza - kra. 163) uditamamRtacandrajyoti..... (vahI, kalaza kra. 276) 1. pravacanasAra ~ TIkA gA. 200, 2, samayasArakalaza kra. 25 kA artha - yaha nagara aisA hai ki mAnoM jisane koTa ke dvArA AkAza ko grasita kara rakhA hai, bagIcoM kI paMkiyoM se mAnoM bhUmitala ko nigala liyA ho aura koTa ke cAroM ora kI khAI ke ghere meM ma noM pAtAla ko pI rahA ho|

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410 / | prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRttra grA. amRta candra ne apanI anupama kRti "ladhutattvasphoTa" meM to rUpaka kA prayoga bahuta bAra kiyA hai| unake eka hI padha meM aneka rUpaka dekhane meM yAte haiM - yathA pracchAdayanti yadanekavikalpazaGa ku khAtAntaraGga jagatIja nitairajobhiH / etAvataiva pazavo na vibho bhavantamAlokayanti nikaTaM prakaTaM nighAnama / / arthAt he svAmin, ajJAnIjIvarUpa pazu, aneka vikalpa rUpI kIloM se khodI gaI manarUpa bhUmi dvArA samutpanna karmarUpadhUli se nijasvarUpa ko AcchAdita karate haiM, isalie ve nikaTa prakAzamAna nidhAna (koza) rUpa zrApako nahIM dekha pAte haiM / yahA~ rUpaka kA eka aura sundara rUpa darzanIya hai yathA jJAnAgnau puTapAka eSa ghaTatAmatyantamantarbahiH, prAramghoddhata saMyamasya satataM viSvak pradIptamya me / / benA'zeSa ya.SAya kiTTa galanaspaSTIbhavadvabhavAH, sabhyag bhAntyanubhUtivarma patitAH sarvAH svabhAvazriyaH / / arthAt nirantara sarvataH dedIpyamAna aMtaraMga bahiraMga meM prakaTa hue utkRSTa saMyama vA guTapAka jAna rUpa agni meM sampanna ho, jisase samasta kathAyarUpI kITa ke nAza ho jAne se spaSTa vaibhavazAlI samasta svabhAvarUpI lakSmiyA~, anubhUtirUpI mArga meM par3akara acchI taraha suzobhita hoN| kAraNAmAlA alaMkAra kI jhAMkI bhI dekhiye: ___ "dravyakarmamokSahetu paramasaMvararUpeNa bhAvamokSasvarUpAkhyAnametat / Asravatahi jIvasya moharAgaddha SarUpo bhAvaH / tadabhAvo bhavati jJAninaH / tadabhAve bhavatyAsavabhAvAbhAvaH / mAnavabhAvAbhAve bhavati krmaabhaavH| karmAbhAvena bhavati sArvajJa sarvadarzitvamavyAbAdhamindriyavyApArAtItananantasukhasvaJceti / sa eSa jIvanmuktinAmA bhAvamokSaH / / gadya racanAoM meM aneka sthala' ukta kAraNamAlA alaMkAra ke rUpa meM udAharaNIya hai kiMtu vistArabhaya se yahAM prastuta nahIM kiye haiN| yahAM ukta alaMkAra kA eka udAharaNa padyaracanA se prastuta hai / yathA :1. laghutattva:phoTa", adhyAya - 6 padma kra. 3. 2. vahIM adhyAya 25, padya kra. 25. 3. paMcAstikAya gA. 150-151 vI TIkA / 4. khiye, paMcAstikAya gA. 128, 169 kI TIkAe /

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kRtiyAM / [ 411 madya mohyati mano, mohitacittastu vismarati dharmam / vismRtadharmAjIvo hisAmavizaGa ka-mAcarati / / ' anumAna pralaMkAra ko prayoga cAturI bhI dekhiye : na binA prANivighAtAnmAMsasyotpatti riSyate yasmAt / mAMsaM bhajatastamAt prasaratyAnidhAritA hiMsA / ' yahAM prANiyoM kA ghAta honA kAraNa (sAdhana) hai, usase mAMsotpatti rUpa kArya (sAdhya) kA anumAna kiyA isalie mAMsabhakSI ko hiMsA avazya hotI hai, yaha anumAna se siddha kiyA ataH yahA~ anumAna alaMkAra hai / gadya TokAnoM meM bhI isa taraha kA anumAna alaMkArayukta nirUpaNa bahuzaH kiyA gayA hai| anyonya pralaMkAra kA nidarzana bhI darzanIya hai : dravyAnusAri caraNaM caraNAnusAri, dravyaM mitho dvayamidaM nanu savyapekSam / tasmAnmumukSuradhirohatu mokSamArga, dravyaM pratItya yadi vA caraNaM pratItya / / dravyasya siddhau caraNasya siddhaH, dravyamya siddhaH caraNasya siddhau / buddhveti karmAviratAH pare'pi, dravyAviruddhacaraNaM carantu / / 1. 2. pu. si. 62 vAM par3A / pu. si, 65 mAM padya / pravacanasAra gA. 200 ko TokA kA raza naM. 12. pravacanasAra TIkA padma 13 ukta donoM padhoM kA artha isa prakAra hai - caraNa dravyAnusAra hotA hai, dravya caraNAnusAra hotA hai, isa prakAra ye donoM paraspara sApekSa haiM isalie yA to dravya kA prAznaya sekara athavA to caraNa kA Azraya lekara mumukSu mokSamArga meM ArohaNa karo / / 12 / / dravya ko siddhi meM caraNa kI siddhi hai aura caraNa kI siddhi meM dravya kI siddhi hai, yaha jAnakara ko ro avirata dUsare bhI, dravya se aviruddha caraNa (cArina kA AcaraNa karo / / 13 / /

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412 ] / prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartutva / aba svabhAvokti pralaMkAra kA sahajarUpa prastuta kiyA jAtA hai : nityamaviphArasusthitasarvAgamapUrva sahajalAvaNyam / prakSobhamiva samudra jinendrarUpaM paraM jayati / / ' "arthAt jo sarvAMga rUpa se pravikAra tathA susthita hai, apUrva aura svAbhAvika lAvaNya rUpa hai tathA samudra kI bhAMti kSobha rahita hai, aisA jinendra kA rUpa utkRSTatayA jayavanta vartatA hai| yahAM jinendra ke sahaja rUpa kA svAbhAvika varNana hone se svabhAvokti alaMkAra hai, sAtha hI 'akSobhamiya" pada meM upamAlaMkAra bhI hai / isa prakAra svabhAvoSita tathA upamA alaMkAra kA sundara sammizraNa ukta padya meM vidyamAna hai / aisA ho svabhAvokti tathA upamA kA eka udAharaNa aura prastuta haiN| isase siddhAtmA yA mukta paramAtmA kA sahaja svarUpa vaNita hai / yathA nityamapi nirUpanepa: svarUpa samavasthito nirupatrAtaH / gaganamiva paramapuruSaH paramapade sphurati vizadatamaH / / prAne vikopokti bhAra kA haraNa diyA jAtA hai :-- jisase samasta prasiddha kAraNoM ke sadbhAva meM bhI unake phala yA kArya kA asAva darzAyA ho vahIM vizeSokti alaMkAra hotA hai| yahAM do padyoM dvArA yaha vizeSa kathana kiyA hai ki samyagdagiTa jJAna yA baMrAgya kI sAmarthya ke kAraNa karmoM ko bhogatA hayA bhI karmo se nahIM baMdhatA, jabaki karmoM kA bhoga rUpa baMdha kA kAraNa maujUda hai| isI taraha viSaya sevana karatA hazrA bhI jJAnI usake phala ko nahIM bhogtaa| use, viSaya sevaka hone para bhI prasevaka kahA hai / lekhaka ke mUla padya isa prakAra haiM : tajjJAnasyava sAmarthya virAgasyaiva vA kil| yatko'pi karmabhiH karma bhujAno'pi na bdhyte|| nAznute viSayasevane'pi yat, svaM phala viSaya sevanasya nA / jJAnavaibhava virAgatA balAt, sevako'pi tadasAvasevakaH / / isI prakAra madya TIkA meM bhI vizeSoSita kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| 1. samayasArakalaza padya ka. 26. 2. pu. si. padya 223. 3. kAvyaprakANa, dazama ullAsa, pR. 361. 4, samayasAra kalaza, pacha kra. 134, 135, 5. samayasAra gA. 165 tathA 166 kI TIkA dekhiye /

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kRtiyAM ] [ 413 aba dIpakAlaMkAra kA prayoga bhI prastuta hai : kAtyaiva snapayaMti ye dazadizo dhAmnA nirUdhaMti ye / ghAmoddhAmamahasviAM janamano muSNaMti rUpeNa ye | divyena dhvaninA sukhaM zravaNayoH sAkSAtkSarato'mRtaM baMdyAste'STasahastralakSaNadharAstIrthazvarAH sUrayaH / / isa padya meM kAraka dIpaka alaMkAra hai kyoMki eka hI tIrthakara rUpa kAraka kI aneka kriyAeM dizAoM ko dhonA, sUryateja ko DhakanA, mana ko haranA aura kAnoM meM sustrAmRta barasAnA) dikhAI gaI haiM / __prAcArya amRtacandra kRta "laghuttvasphoTa" nAmaka stotrakAvya sarvAdhika sAlaMkRta, kliSTa evaM uccatama kAvya pratibhA kA amara smAraka hai| isameM alaMkAroM kA bahutAyata se prayoga hunA hai| isase kavi kI sarvotkRSTa kAvyazakti kI abhivyakti huI hai| isalie isa kAvya ke anuzIlana se kavi kA eka kuzala pAlaMkArika kA rUpa bhI mukharita ho uThatA hai / isa kRti meM lekhaka ne jahAM anuprAsa, upamA, rUpaka tathA utprekSA kA bAhullatA se nidarzana karAyA hai vahIM anya aneka alaMkAroM kI jhAMkI bhI prastuta kI hai| virodhAbhAsa arthAntaranyAsa, anyonya, saMbhAvanA, pratopa, dRSTAMta, anyokti, zleSa, kAvyaliMga Adi alaMkAroM kI vividharaMgI urmiyoM se samagra kAvya ko pAlokita, camatkRta tathA rasAplAvita kiyA hai / yahA~ hama unake prayoga kauzala kI saMkSipta jhalaka prastuta karate haiN| virodhAbhAsa kA sundaratama udAharaNa prAsvAdha hai :nityo'pi nAzamupayAsi na yAsi nAzaM naSTo'pi sambhavamupaiSi punaH prasahya / jAto'pyajAta iti tarkayatAM vibhAsi zreyaH prabho'dbhutanidhAna kimetadIdRk / / arthAt he AzcaryanidhAna zreyojinendra, Apa (dravyasvabhAva kI apekSA) nitya hokara bhI (paryApta svabhAva kI apekSA) nAza ko prApta hote ho aura nAza ko prApta hokara bhI punaH utpanna hote ho / isa prakAra utpanna hokara bhI Apa anutpanna ho aisA (vibhinna daSTiyoM se) vicAra karane vAloM ko prApa pratibhAsita hote ho / he prabhu ! yaha aisA kyoM hai ? arthAt yaha Azcarya kI bAta hai| 1. samamasAra kalaza kra. 24. 2. laghutattvasphoTa, adhyAya prathama, padya 11.

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. 414 ] [ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva uparokta udAharaNa meM virodhAbhAsa ke sAtha hI anuprAsa kA saundarya bhI prasphuTita huA hai jo pAThaka kocamatkRta karatA hai / laghutattvasphoTa ke prathama adhyAya meM sarvatra virodhAbhAsa alaMkAra mukhya rUpa se abhivyakta huA hai| praryAntaranyAsa alaMkAra : tavasahajavibhAbhareNa vizva varada ! vibhAtya vibhAmayat svabhAvAt / mnapitamapi par3obhikaSNarazmestava nirahegA kinitIya / / arthAta he varadAyaka, svabhAva se aprakAzita jagat aApake prakAzamaya jJAna ke samUha se prakAzita ho rahA hai / so ThIka hI hai kyoMki sUrya teja se prakAzita hone para bhI jagat Apake abhAva meM kiMcit bhI prakAzita nahIM hotaa| dRSTAMta alaMkAra : isameM upamAna tathA upameya vAkya donoM meM sabhI upamAna, upameya tathA sAdhAraNa dharma kA pratibimbana hotA hai / nIce udAhuta padma meM kahA gayA hai ki prakaTa hotA huA bahuta bhArI duHkha kA samUha bhI samatAmRta ke svAda ko jAnane vAle muniyoM ke lie sukharUpa hotA hai, jisa prakAra isa loka meM haTapUrvaka agni se tapA huyA dUdha pIne vAle, dugdharasa ke jJAtA mArjAra ko mahAduHkha kA bhAra bhI sukha rUpa mAlabha hotA hai / mUla padya isa prakAra hai.... samAmRrAsvAdavidAM munInAmudyanmahAduHkhabharo'pi saukhyam / parorasajJasya yathA vRSArehAgnitaptaM pibataH payo'tra / / ' isI prakAra anyatra bhI dRSTAMta alaMkAra prayoga karate hue ve likhate haiM ki jisa prakAra siMha ko sarvathA na jAnane vAle puruSa ke lie bilAva hI siMharUpa hotA hai, usI prakAra nizcaya naya ke svarUpa se aparicita manuSya ke lie vyavahAra hI nizcayapane ko prApta hotA / unakA mUla padya isa prakAra hai : laghutasvasphoTa, adhyAya 16, padya 21. 2. kAvyaprakAza, ullAsa 10, pR. 378. 3. laghutattvasphoTa, adhyAya , padya 23.

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kRtiyA~ / mANabaka eva siMho yathA bhavatyanavagIta siMhasya / vyavahAra eva hi tathA nizca yatAM yAtya nizcayajJasya / / ' vya tireka pralaMkAra : kavi ne eka sthala para jahAM "uditamamRtacandrajyotiretatsamaMtAjjavalatu vimalapUrNa niHsapalasvabhAvam / / 2 paMktiyA~ racI haiM, vahA~ upamA, rUpaka tathA anaprAsa alaMkAra ke sAtha vyatireka alaMkAra kA sammizraNa bhI kiyA ke grAtmA ko amRtamaya candramA ke samAna kahane para bhI, vahA~ prayukta vizeSaNoM dvArA candramA ke sAtha vyatireka bhI pradarzita kiyA hai, kyoMki "dhvastAmoha" vizeSaNa ajJAnadhikAra kA dura honA batalAtA hai, "vimalaparNa" vizeSaNa lAchana rahitapana tathA parNatA ko sacita karatA hai. 'ni:mapatnasvabhAva'' vizeSaNa rAhubimba tathA meghAdi sa pAcchAdita na hone ko batalAtA hai, aura "samaMtAt jvalanu vizeSaNa sarvakSetra tathA sarvakAla meM prakAza karanA sa cita karatA hai, parantu candramA esA nahIM hai, ataH vyatireka alaMkAra bhI sughaTita hotA hai| isa taraha prAcArya amRta candra kI kRtiyoM ke sAhityika manyAMkana ke aMtargata alaMkAroM kA anuzIlana kiyA gayA, jisase spaSTa hA ki eka ora jahA~ amRtacandra kI kRtiyoM kI bhASA praur3a, gambhIrAzayayukta, sazakta amarta anubhUtiyoM ko bhI spaSTa karane vAlI tathA vibhinna zailiyoM meM mANDita hai. vahIM dUsarI ora vaha alaMkAroM kI vividharaMgo AkarSaka jhilamilAhaTa se suzobhita tathA saundaryAnvita bhI hai| itanA hI nahIM, bhASA, saMlI tathA alaMkAroM ke atirikta, anya bhI vizeSatAe~ haiM jinase unakA sAhitya saurabhita hai| unameM chaMda, rasa tathA guNa prAdi mukhya haiM jina para saMkSipta prakAza DAlA jA rahA hai / tIna bhAvAveza athavA anubhUti kI avasthA meM prayukta bhASA chadAtmaka ho jAtI hai / usa samaya bhASA meM sahaja hI layAtmA pravAha kUTa par3atA hai| bhASA kA yaha layAtmaka pravAha hI chaMda hai| gadya kI apekSA padyAtamatra yA chaMdAtmaka bhASA vizeSa prabhAvazAlI, AkarSaNa evaM bhAvavAhI 1. . si , paca 7. 6. samayasAra kalaza, R, 276 3. hindI khudaprakAza, raghunaMdana zAstrI, ema, e. bhUmikA pR. 15.

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416 ] ! AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva hotI hai| chaMdAtmaka bhASA kA AkarSaNa adbhuta hotA hai / mAnava hI nahIM apitu pazupakSI tathA sarpa grAdi prANI bhI layAtmaka bhASA para maMtramugdha ho jAte haiN| isalie chaMdazAstroM meM chaMda ko saMgIta ko yoni tathA kAvya kI jAna kahA jAtA hai / chedoM meM gumphila bhAva sahasroM zrotAoM ko maMtramugdha karate haiN| chaMdoM kA prabhAva hRdaya taka hI sImita nahIM hotA apitu mastiSka ke vikAsa meM chaMdoM kA upayoga vaijJAnika mAnA jAtA hai / smaraNa zakti evaM buddhi kI prakharatA ke lie chaMda bahuta hI upayogI hote haiM / ' chaMdobaddha sAhitya cira gaura camatkArapUrNa hotA hai, sAtha hI dIrghajIvI bhii| chaMdoM meM prakSepaNa (milAvaTa Adi) kI bhI saMbhAvanA kama ho rahatI hai| lekhaka ke vicAroM kI maulikatA, prAmANikatA tathA vizvasanIyatA banI rahatI hai| chaMdajJAna ke binA sAhityakAra kI sAhityika kSamatA kA mUlyAMkana kara pAnA asaMbhava hai| yahA~ ukta kasauTI, chaMdoM kI mahattA evaM vaijJAnikatA, ke pariprekSya meM AcArya amRta candra ke vyaktitva kA avalokana tathA kRtitva kA mUlyAMkana kiyA jA rahA hai| prAcArya pramRtacandra ne apanI anubhUtiyoM tathA pUrvAcAryoM kI adhyAtma vANo ke rahasyoM ko vibhinna chaMdoM ke mAdhyama se abhivyakta kiyA hai| kundalAnda praNIta samayaprAbhUta para likhita 'AtmakhyAti" TokA meM prAgata padyoM ko vibhinna chandoM meM vaijJAnika DhaMga se DhAlA hai| "AtmakhyAti" meM unhoMna 16 prakAra ke chaMdoM kA prayoga kiyA hai / ve chaMda haiManuSTup, mAlinI, zArdUlavikrIr3ita, upajAti, vasaMtatilakA, pRthvI, AryA, svAgatA, zAlinI, maMdrAkAntA, sragdharA, upendrabajrA, sthoddhatA, indrayacA, dUtAbilambita, zikhariNI, nardaTaka, vaMzastha aura viyogino / dUsarI kRti pravacanasAra kI tatvapradIpikA nAmaka TIkA hai jo pramukhataH gadya meM hI nirmita hai parantu ukta ghaTIkA bhI AnArya amRtacandra kabIndra kI kavipratibhA se achutI nahIM raha pAyI hai / isameM bhI bibhinna suprasiddha chaMdoM meM 21 'padyoM kI sRSTi huI hai| isameM chaMdoM meM sragdharA, maMdAkrAMtA, vasaMtatilakA, anuSTup, zAlinI, indravajJA, zArdUlavikrIDita tathA mAlinI kA prayoga huA hai| isI prakAra paMcAstikAya kI samaya vyAkhyA nAmaka gadya TIkA meM bhI 5 padyoM kI racanA huI hai / padyaTIkA meM "tattvArthasUtra" kI "tattvArthasAra" nAmaka TIkA meM mukhyapane se to anuSTup chaMdoM kA prayoga huA hai tathA zAlinI, prAryA aura vaMsatatilakA cheda bhI prayukta hue haiN| 720 padyoM meM 1. hindI chandaprakAza, bhUmikA pR. 11 . . .-.-....-

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kRtiyA~ | 18219 1 , 8 715 anuSTupa haiM / maulika graMtha puruSArthasiddhayupAya meM prAdyanta AryA baMda kA hI upayoga kiyA hai / inakI kula saMkhyA 226 hai, unakI upalabdha aMtima kRti laghu svasphoTa nAmaka stotra kAvya meM 13 prakAra ke utkRSTa kAvya pratibhA chaMdoM kA avataraNa huA hai / inameM anuSTupa, zArdUlavikrIDita, upajAti, vasaMtatilakA, maMdrAkrAntA vaMzastha tathA viyoginI ye 7 to pUrvaprayukta chaMdoM meM se haiN| tathA maMjubhASiNI toTaka, puSpitAgrA, praharSiNI mattamayUra tathA hariNI ye 6 bilkula naye chaMda haiN| isa taraha AcArya amRtacandra ke upalabdha padya sAhitya meM 25 prakAra ke chaMdoM kI sRSTi huI hai jo unake kAvyajJa, rasajJa tathA chaMda vizeSajJa hone kA spaSTa pramANa hai| jisa prakAra kavi pANinI ( I. 5vIM zatI) ko upajAtichaMda, kavivara kAlIdAsa ko maMdrAkrAMtA chaMda mAravi ko vaMzastha chaMda, mahAkavi bhavabhUti ko zikhariNI chaMda vizeSa rUpa se priya the, usI prakAra AcArya amRtacandra ko zrAryA anuSTup zArdUlavikrIDita vasaMtalikA, maMdrAkrAMtA tathA upajAti se chaha chaMda pratyadhika priya the, isalie inakA prayoga unhone apanI racanAoM meM sabase adhika kiyA hai / udAharaNa ke lie unhoMne anuSTup =11, ryA 240 vaMzantha 150, zArdUlavikrIDita 123, upajAti 110 vasatilakA 105 tathA mandAkrAntA 47 chaMda apane sAhitya meM likhe haiN| unhoMne chaMdoM kA prayoga pANDitya pradarzana hetu nahIM kiyA hai apitu vibhinna prakAra ke bhAvoM tathA anubhavoM ko abhivyakta karane hetu kiyA hai| isalie vibhinna chaMdoM kA prayoga sahajarUpa se huA hai kRtrimarUpa meM nahIM / unake dvArA prayukta chaMda unakI anubhUtiyoM kI vibhinna sthitiyoM ke paricAyaka haiN| unhoMne apane bhAvoM ko chaMdoM meM hAlane kA prayAsa utanA nahIM kiyA hai jitanA ki bhAvapravAha tathA anubhUtiyoM ke Avega meM anAyAsa hI vibhinna chaMda prasphuTita hue haiM / ye sahaja praphullita chaMda guladaste kI bhAMti yathotrita prasaMgAnukUla alaMkAra tathA rasa saundarya se suzobhita haiM evaM sahRdayajanoM ko cittAkarSaka evaM hRdayAvarjaka haiN| unake dvArA prayukta chaMda vibhinna prakAra se AdhyAtmika rasa kA rasAsvAdana karAne meM samartha haiM / pratyeka chaMda eka kalA - ghaTa kI bhA~ti hai, jisameM adhyAtmAmRta labAlaba bharA hai| unake amRtarasa ko pIkara manamayUra malla, va romAMcita hokara nAMca uThatA hai tathA eka adabhUt zrabhUtapUrva paramAnanda kA anubhava karatA hai / | 1. hindI chaMda prakAza, pR. 31.

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418 | chaMba prayoga ko vaijJAnika : jahA~ jisa prakAra ke manobhAva yA anubhava ko vyaka karanA hotA hai, vahA~ tadanukUla bhAvacAhI tathA arthaprakAzI chaMdI kA prayoga hotA hai, yahI chaMda prayoga kI vaijJAnikatA hai| adhikAMza baMda to apanI mahattA tathA upayogitA ko apane (sArthaka ) nAma dvArA hI prakaTa karate haiN| isI mahattva ko samajhakara amRtacandra ne chaMdoM ko vicArAbhivyakti kA sarvotkRSTa sAdhana banAyA hai | AcArya vIranaMdi ne bhI utkarSa aura apakarSa ke anusAra chaMdoM meM parivartana karane ke prayoga kiye haiN| unhoMne darzana yA prAcAra sambandhI tathyoM ke nirUpaNa meM anuSTup chaMda ko apanAyA hai| viyoga tathA karuNA ke citra meM mandAtratA, mAlinI aura upajAti chaMda prayoga kiyA hai| vastu vyApAra varNana ko sazakta banAne ke lie vasantatilakA tathA nagara, sarovara, USA Adi ke citraNa meM puSpitAgrA, vanastha, praharSiNI aura lalitA chaMdoM ko apanAyA hai / isa taraha viSaya nirUpaNa meM chaMda vaividhya camatkArotpAdaka hotA hai / " mahAkavi kSemendra bhI suvRttatilaka meM likhate haiM ki kathA vistAra tathA zAMtarasa ke upadeza meM anuSTup zrRMgAra tathA nAyikA ke utkRSTa varNana meM vasaMtatilakA tathA upajAti chaMda suzobhita hote haiM / candrodaya grAdi vibhAva bhAvoM ke varNana meM rathoddhatA chaMda acchA mAnA jAtA hai jabaki saMdhi, vigraha tathA noti ke upadeza meM vaMzastha chaMda suzobhita hotA hai / vIra tathA raudra rasa ke saMkara meM vasaMtatilakA, sarga ke aMta meM mAlinI khilatI hai / yuktipUrNa abhivyakti meM zikhariNI, udAratA va aucitya varNana meM hariNI, zaurya varNana meM zArdUlavikrIDita tathA vegavAlI vAyu varNana meM sragdharA chaMda kA prayoga ucita mAnA gayA hai| AcArya amRtacandra ne chaMdoM kI sArthakatA ko dhyAna meM rakhakara AdhyAtmika tattvanirUpaNa meM chandoM kA samucita vaijJAnika prayoga kiyA hai| udAharaNa ke lie "bAlavikrIDita" zabda kA artha hai "siMha kI viziSTa krIr3A" arthAt siMha jaba apanI vizeSa krIr3AeM karatA hai taba usakA puruSArtha proja tathA prabhAva darzanIya hotA hai| AcArya amRtacandra ne bhI puruSArtha yA ojapUrNa bhAvoM kI abhivyakti ke lie zArdUlavikrIDita chaMda kA prayoga kiyA hai | AtmakhyAti kalaza TIkA meM eka sthala para ve likhate haiM ki koI subuddha jIva bhUta, 2. [AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva -- saMskRta kAvya ke vikAsa meM jaina kaviyoM kA yogadAna, mahAkavi haricandra - eka anuzIlana, pR. 76. pU. 100.

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kRtiyAM ] [ 416 vartamAna tathA bhaviSya-tInoMkAla meM karma ke baMdha ko apana AzmA se zIdhra bhita karake tathA kamodaya ke nimitta se hone vAle moha (ajJAna) ko apane puruSArtha se (bala se) haTAkara aMtaraMga meM abhyAsa kara dekheM to yaha AtmA apane anubhava se hI prAtmAnubhavagocara jisakI ekamAtra mahimA hai aisA nizcala, zAzvata, nitya, karmakalaMka kardama se rahita svayaM stuti karane yogya deva ko virAjapAna paayegaa| ukta arthavAcI zArdUlavikrIDita chaMda malataH isa prakAra hai : bhUtaM bhAMtamabhUtameva rabhAsAnibhidya bandha sudhI - yaMdyantaH kila ko'pyahA~ kalayati vyAhatya mohaM haThAt / AtmAtmAnubhavakagamyahimA vyakto yamAste dhruvaM, nityaM karmakalaMkapakavikalo devaH svayaM bAzvata / ' ukta chaMda meM anuprAsa alaMkAra saundarya, Atma-puruSArtha, projaguNa tathA mAtmAnubhati kA rasa yugapat pratIyamAna hai| isI prakAra prabhAvAtizaya tathA projapUrNa svarUpa kathana hetu bho zArdUlavikrIDita chaMda kA camatkArI prayoga aneka sthaloM para huA hai| jJAnarUpa nAyaka ke utkarSa, prabhAvAvizya tathA parAkrama ko vyakta karane hetu bhI iso chaMda ko bhAvAbhivyakti kA vAhna banAyA gayA hai| eka sthala para jirendra deva ke granaMtavIrya ke utkRSTa nyApAra se vikArI bhAvoM kA nAza tathA anaMtavIrya kI mahimA kA projapUrNa zabdoM meM, anuprAsa alaMkAra ke sarasa saundarya ke sAtha varNana karate hue ve likhate haiM ki he bhagavan atyadhikatA ke sAtha anaMtavIrya ke utkRSTa vyApAra se vistArita, bahuta bhArI bar3I bar3I taraMgoM se paripuSTa yApakI dRSTiyoM ke samaha krIDA karate rahate haiN| hamArI kAMti kI utkRSTa rUpa se khIMcI haI, mamarUpa mahimA ke vistAra para AkramaNa kara, vividha vikArI bhAvoM kI ye paMktiyA~ yathArtha meM prANa tyAga karatI haiN| unakA mUla padya isa prakAra hai - uddAmodyadantavIryaparamavyApAra vistArita - phArasphAramahobhimAMsaladRzAM cakre tava krIDati / 1. samayasAramalaza kra. 12. udAharaNa svarUpa samayasAra ralaza kramAMka 24, 48, 9 tathA 36, 14 vizeSa rUpa se haTavya haiN| kalaza 178 isakA zreSTha udAharaNa hai| dekhiye, samayasAra alaga, padya kra. 33, 125, 133, 154 tathA 163. 3.

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/ T lace 420 / / prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRta prAkramyAkulakuSTa marmamahimA prottanitA nastviSo, bhAvAnAM tatayo nirantaramimAmundhanti jIvaM kila / / ' mAlinI chaMda kA prayoga aAtmAnubhati yA Atmajyoti ke pradarzana ke lie kiyA hai / yathA - ciramiti navatvacchannamunnIyamAnaM kanakamiva nimagnaM varNamAlAkalAye / atha satataviviktaM dRzyatAmeka rUpa pratipada-midamAtmajyotirudyotamAnam / / anya sthaloM para prAtmakanyANa kI preraNA yA usakA upadeza dene ke lie bhI mAlinI chaMda kA hI prayoga kiyA hai| kahIM kahIM sahetuka kathana karane spaSTIkaraNa karane, vyAkhyA karane aura zubhabhAvanA vyakta karane ke lie bhI mAlinI chaMda kA hI upayoga kiyA hai / anuSTup chaMda kA prayoga dArzanika tattva nirUpaNa hetu hI mukhya rupa se kiyA hai| tattvArthasAra mukhyata: anuSTap chaMda meM hI racita hai| usameM zrAdyAnta dArzanika tattvoM kA tathA muni va dhAvaka ke prAcAroM kA hI varNana hai / anyatra maMgalAcaraNa tathA upasaMhArAtmaka kathana karane hetu bhI anuSTup kA hI prAzraya liyA hai| upajAti cheda kA prayoga AtmasvarUpa pradarzana ke lie kiyA hai| udAharaNa ke lie prAtmA kA svarUpa nirUpaNa karate hue ve likhate haiM - prAtmasvabhAvaM parabhAvabhinna - mApUrNa mAdyantavimuktamekam / vilIna saMkapa vikalpa jAlaM, prakAzayan zuddhanayobhyudeti / / lazrutasvasphoTa meM 25 padyavAle tIna adhyAyoM kI racanA upajAti chaMda meM hI kI hai jisameM jinendra ke utkRSTa svarUpa kI hI mahimA vibhinna prakAra se prastuta kI gaI hai| 1. laghUtasvasphoTa, adhyAya 24. pana naM. 22. 2, samayasAra kalA, vAM padya / 3. dekhiye, samayasAra kalaza kra. 11, 20, 22, 23 aura 4.9. 4, vahI, padya kra. 3 tathA 31. bahI, padya 1, 2, 7, 15, 36, 6. samayasAra kAlaNa padya 10.

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kRtiyAM 1 [ 421 vasaMtatilakA chetra meM AtmAnubhUti kA grAnanda tathA mastI pragaTa kI hai / yathA : AtmAnubhUtiriti zuddhanayAtmikAyA, jJAnAnubhUtiriyameva kileti buddhavA / AtmAnamAtmani nivezya suniSprakampa, meko'sti nityamavabodhaghanaH samantAt / / 11 / / pRthvI chaMda anubhUti kI gambhIratA tathA akhaNDatA ke nirUpaNa meM prayoga kiyA hai| 'pRthvI' zabda bhI gaMbhIratA tathA akhaNDatA kA pratIka hai ataH usake mAdhyama se abhivyakta vicAra bhI vaise hI gambhIra tathA prakhaNDa haiM / ' pRthvI eka sAmAnya, suprasiddha varNavRtta hai parantu vaha maMdAkrAMtA tathA zikhariNI varNavRttoM kI bhAMti lokapriya nahIM hai| phira bhI amRtacandra ne isakA upayoga kiyA hai / zikhariNI chaMda kA prayoga niSkarSa rUpa kathana karane tathA zaMkA ke samAdhAna meM bhI huA hai / ukti pUrNa kathanoM kI abhivyakti bhI zikhariNI chaMda meM hI huI hai / " sthAnatA eka pracalita hai jisakA prayoga amRtacandra ne anubhava ke pradarzana meM kiyA hai | yahA~ isakA eka sundara udAharaNa prastuta hai / yathA 5. 6. 7. - citsvabhAvabharabhAvitabhAvA bhAvabhAvaparamArthatayaikam / baMdhapaddhatimapAstha samastAM cetaye samayasAramapAram || zAlinI chaMda bhI mAlinI kI taraha niSkarSa rUpa kathana meM suzobhita huA hai / sahetuka kathana ke lie bhI zAlinI kA prayoga kavi ne kiyA hai| " 1. samayasAra kalaza, kra. 13. 2. Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute Pune, Vol. 58-59, 1977-78. Page 627. 3. samayasAra kalaza R. 104, 105, 165. 4. vahI, padma 180. vahIM, paca 91. vahIM, paca 37, 113. vahIM, padma 216.

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422 / / prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva navaMTaka bhI eka apracAlita chaMda hai| vastusthiti athavA saiddhAntika niyama dikhAne ke lie isa chaMda kA prayoga kiyA hai / unake sampUrNa sAhitya meM mAtra samayasAra kalazoM meM eka chaMda meM nardaTaka kA prayoga huA hai 11 hariNIcaMda kA prayoga jinendra ke asAdhAraNa rUpa tathA pragaTa guNoM ke varNana meM kiyA hai jo nizcita hI hRdayahArI hai| asti nAsti rUpa anekAMtamayI vastu kA nirUpaNa praNA meM zikalomAvAna kA pratIka hai ki AcArya amRtacandra ko anekAMta tathA sthAdvAdarUpa kathana karane meM atyadhika harSa hotA thA / maMdAkrAMtA tathA mattamayUra chaMda amRtacandra ke prAtmAnubhavAnanda ke abhivyaMjaka hai| isa prakAra amRtacandra dvArA prayukta 25 prakAra ke pracalita tathA apracalita ubhaya prakAra ke chaMdoM ke anuzIlana se yaha bAta spaSTa pramANita ho jAtI hai ki prAcArya amRta candra kA prabhutva saMskRta bhASA, zailI, alaMkAra, Adi kI taraha chaMdobaddha racanA karane meM bhI thaa| isase unakI kavipratibhA tathA sarvatomukho vyaktitva kA bhI patA calatA hai| sarvatra chaMdoM ke prayoga kI vaijJAnikatA ko dekhate hue unheM vaijJAnika chaMda prayoga zailI kA puraskartA bhI kaha sakate haiN| rasa rasa ke svarUpa ke sambandha meM adhyAya tRtIya ke nATakakAra tathA kAvyakAra ke rUpa meM amRtacandra ke vyaktitva nidarzana se bahuta kucha kahA jA cukA hai / prAcArya amRta candra kI kRtiyoM meM prayukta pramukha athavA aMgIrasa zAMta rasa hai / isI zAMta rasa' ke lie hI svarasa'; caitanyarasa, paramArtharasa, 1. mamayasAra kalaza, padma 211. 2. la. ta. sphoTa -- adhyAya 23 vo 3. vahIM, adhyAya 17 vI 4. vahI. pra. 22 tathA 18. 5. rAmayasAra kAlaNa 32. 6. vahI, kAnaza 160, sayA gA, 6 ko TIkA / 7. samayasAra gAthA kI TIkA / 8, bahI, gAthA 203 kI TIkA /

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.... kRtiyA~ / ! 423 prazamarasa', mahArasa', jAnarama, paramAnanda sudhA rasa', nijarasa', Adi paryAyavAcI zabdoM kA prayoga unakI kRtiyoM meM huaA hai / ise hI eka sthala para jJAyakabhAva me paripUrNa mahAsvAda pada bhI vyavahRta huA hai / anyatra ise zuddhopayoga rasa nAma se bhI pukArA gayA hai| isa taraha sarvatra zAMtarasa hI pramukha rasa ke rUpa meM abhivyakta humA haiN| sAtha hI vIrarasa, adbhutarasa kA bhI yathAsthAna digdarzana huA hai / udAharaNa ke lie prAsrava rUpa yoddhA ko samarabhUmi meM ajeya jJAnarUpa dhanurdhArI yoddhA jIta letA hai, isa kathana meM spaSTataH vIra rasa jhalakatA hai - yathA - prathamahAmada nirbharamanthara, samararaMgaparAgatamAsravam / ayamudAragaMbhIramahodayo; jayati durjaya bodhadhanurdharaH / / isI taraha vIrarasa pUrNa varNana anya kaI sthaloM para upalabdha hotA hai| isI taraha adbhutarasa kA prayoga karate hue ve likhate haiM ki he nAtha kevaladarzana evaM kevalajJAna kI ekAgnatA se tanmaya upayogarUpI teja ke sarvataH vistRta hone para, kSaNatA ko apanI taraha dhAraNa karane vAle ApakI, samasta jagat meM vyApta hone hetu adbhuta rasa kI prastAvanA karane vAlI, dUra taka vyApta anaMtavIrya sambandhI gaurava kI ye vistRta sammU nAe~ evaM atyadhika ceSTAe~ begapurvaka, atizaya rUpa se prakaTa ho rahI hai / unakA padya isa prakAra hai - bodhakyamayopayogamahasi vyAjambhamANe'mit, etekSaNyaM saMdadhatastatreza ! rabhasAdatyantamudyantyamUH / vizvavyApikRte kRtAdbhutarasaprastAvanADambarA, durotsAhitagAr3havIryagarimavyAyAmasammUchanAH / / 23 / / namapasAra kasaNa, 233, 2. laghusandhasphoTa, a. 23, padya 6 tathA ya.4, padya 2. 3. samayasAra kalaza 222. 4, pravacanasAra, tattvatIpikA pazca kra. 3. 5. nacutattvasphoTa, a. 24, paJca 20/sa. kalaza 125. 6. samayasAra, kalama 140. 7. laghutatvasphoTa. a, 3, padya 6. 8. li. sa. sA. phalaza 133, 163, 178 prAdi / 6, laghutattvasphoTa, pra. 24, padya, 23.

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424 1 [ prAcArga amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva aba yahA~ eka raudra rasa kA udAharaNa prastuta hai, jisameM ve likhate haiM ki baMdha ke kAraNa rUpa rAgAdi ke udaya ko nirdayatA pUrvaka vidAraNa karatI huI, usa rAgAdi ke kArya ko (aneka prakAra ke baMdha ko) aba tatkAla dUra karake ajJAnarUpa aMdhakAra ko nAza karane vAlI jJAnajyoti bhalIbhA~ti isa prakAra sajja huI hai ki usake vistAra ko anya koI prAvRta nahIM kara sakatA / unakA mUla padya isa prakAra hai rAgAdInAmudayamadayaM dArayatkAraNAnAM, kArya baMdhaM vividhamadhunA sadya eva prazudya / jJAnajyotiH kSapitatimiraM sAdhu sanaddhametat, tadvadyadvatprasaramaparaH ko'pi nAsyAvRNoti / / ' isa taraha amRtacandra ke vAGmaya meM jitane prakAra ke bhI aMgabhUta rasa ekadita hue haiN| sabhI sahI tatyamA mahArasa ke nAnA prAkAra haiM / vAstava meM to sarvatra ekamAtra pradhAna - aMgIrasa ke rUpa meM zAMtarasa hI sphurita hai / isa tathya kA ullekha svayaM amRtacandra / eka sthala para kiyA hai / yathA - idama ti 'bharAnnAkAraM samaM snpyn| jagatpariNatimito nAnAkArestaveza ! cakAstyayam / tadapi sahaja nyAptayA rundhanavAntara bhaavnaaH| mphurati parito'pyekAkArazcidekamahArasaH / / prAcArya amRtacandra kA "cidekamahArasaH" ke bhAva ko vyakta karane vAlA ukta padya mahAkavi bhavabhUti (I. 700) ke usa padya kI yAda dilAtA hai jisameM unhoMna "eko rasa: karUNaeva........" ityAdi likhA hai tathA karUNarasa ko apane nATaka uttararAmacaritama kA pramukha - aMgIrasa tathA anya sabhI ko aMgarasa nirUpita kiyA hai / unhoMne likhA hai ki pAvarta, bubud, taraMga Adi eka jala ke hI rUpa haiM / astu, amRtacandra ke sAhitya meM 1. 2. 3. samayasAra kalaza, padya 176. labutAtvasphoTa - a, 23, padma 6. uttararAmacarit 3/45 "eko rasa: karuNa evaM nimita bhedAda, bhinnaH pRthak pRamivAzrayate vivartAn / Avarta chuna khuda taraMgama yAn vikArAn, ambho yathA salilamegha tu tatsamagram /

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kRtiyAM / [ 425 anya guNoM tathA vizeSatAoM kI bhAMti raza saMghaTanA bhI suSTurUpeNa sampanna guNa sAhityakAroM ne mukhyataH tIna guNa mAne haiM mAburga, proja tathA prasAda / mAdhurya guNa ke abhivyAMjaka varNa da ida, ko chor3akara antyavoM cha, a, n, m, Na, se saMyukta k se m paryApta varNa haiM, proja ke vyaMjaka varSa ka, cha, t, p, T, g, j, d b, D varNa apane varga ke prathama varNa ke anya varNa p. jha. gha, bha, da, ke saMyoga se nirmita pada haiM, tathA prasAda ke abhivyaMjaka ve varNa haiM jinakA arthajJAna zravaNamAtra se ho jAya / ' astu ukta AdhAra para hameM amRtacandra ke sAhitya meM tInoM prakAra ke guNoM kA saundarya upalabdha hotA hai / yathA :mAdhurya guNa ke udAharaNa :.. sadya evodyadamaMdAnaMdamayAnujalajhala locanapAtrastatpratipadyata eva / ' sadya evodyadamaMdAnaMdAMtaH sundarabaMdhurabodhataraMgastat pratipadyata eva / ' AtmasvabhAvaM parabhAvabhinnamApUrNamAdyanta vimuktamekam / vilInasaMkalpa vikalpa jAlaM prakAzayan zuddhanayomyudeti / / aoja guNa kA prayoga : anekAMtakalitasakalajJAtRjJeyatatvayathAvasthitasvarUpapANDityazogDAH santaH samasta bahira zAntarasaGgati parityAga vivitAntazcakacakAyamAnAntazakticaitanyabhAsvarAtmatattvasvarUpAH svarUpaguptasuSupta kalpAntastatvavRttitayA viSayeSu manAgapyAsaktimanAsAdayantaH samastAnubhAvavanto bhagavantara: zuddhA evAsaMsAraghaTitavikaTa karma kabATa vighaTana paTIyasAdhyA. vasAyena prakaTokriyamANAvadAnA mokSatatvasAdhanatatvamababudhyatAm / 1. kAvyaprakAza -- aSTamollAmaH / 2. samayasAra gAthA 8 kI TIkA / 3. samayasAra gAyA kI ttokaa| sAmanAra kalaNa ?0. 5. pra-canasAra gAthA 133 TIkA /

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36-- 426 / : prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva prasAda gRNa kA prayoga : prAcArya amRtacandra kI zreSTha kRti puruSArthasiddhayupAya prasAdaguNa yukta racanA hai / umameM prayukta sabhI padya sugama, spaSTa tathA prasAdaguNa maNDita haiN| udAharaNa ke lie ina padyoM kA avalokana kIjiye - arthA nAma ya ete prANA ete bahizcarAH prasAm / harati sa tasya prANAta yo yasya jano haratyarthAn / / ' na madhaM navanItaM pizitaM ca mahAvikRtayastAH / palabhyante na vatinA dala yA jamaratava / / prAcArya Rbhatacandra meM mAdhurI hetu upajAti tathA basaMtatilakA laMda kA, projagaNa ke lie mukhyataH pArdUlavikrIDita tathA prasAdaguNa ko mandAkrAntA chaMda kA prayoga mukhya rUpa se kiyA hai / isa taraha unakI kRtiyoM meM anya nabhasta guNoM ke sAtha bhAdhurza, yoja tathA prasAda ina lonoM guNoM kA mucita prasAda hA hai| Annnvimmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm. amRtacandra kalA ke tIna artha achara aratha meM magana rahai madA kAla, mahAsagya davA jaisI bavA kaamgviko| ramala abAdhita alakha na gAvanA hai, pAcanA parama suddha bhAvanA hai bhavikI / / mithyA timira apahArA varSamAna dhArA, jaisI urbha jAmalauM kiraNa dopa ravivAra aisI hai amatacandra kAlA vidhAhapa dhara, anubhI dasA garatha TIkA buddhi kabikI / / 5 / / artha - amRtacandra svAmI kI caMdranAlA. anubhava ko, TIkA ko aura kavinA kI tIna rUpa hai to sadAsarala prakSara artha arthAt mokSa padArtha se bharapura hai. sevA karane se kAmadhena ke sanAna mahA sukhadAyaka hai| isameM nirmala aura 3 zuddha manA ke guNa- samUha kA varNana hai, parama pavitra hai, nirmala hai aura 6 mama jIvoM ke citavana karane yogya hai. mithyAva kA anvakAra naSTa karane vAlI hai. pahara ke sUrya ke samAna jananizIla hai| ___ - kavivara banArasIbArA, nAka samayasAra, mAthya jAdhaka hAra, 524 SmmmmmmsammwwwmummMInamammMiwar 1. 2. pu. si. gadya naM. 103. vahI, padya naM. 71

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SaSTha pradhyAya dArzanika vicAra darzana kA artha hai dekhnaa| vaha do prakAra kA hai svayaM ko dekhanA tathA para kI / prathama Atma-darzana tathA dvitIya para darzana / isa sva va para ke yathArtha darzana ko samyagdarzana tathA prayathArtha darzana ko mithyAdarzana kahate haiM / darzana vicAra mUlaka hotA hai ataH hetu pUrvaka vastusvarUpa kI siddhi karate hue yathArtha kA digdarzana karAnA darzana kA kAma hai / dArzanika vicAroM ke antargata una sabhI siddhAntoM kA parijJAna apekSita hai jinakA mogA meM mahatva hai athavA jinake yathArtha jJAna vinA tattvArthazraddhAna rUpa samyagdarzana nahIM hotA / tIrthakara sarvajJa jinendroM kI divyadhvani meM nihita Atmadarzana prathavA vizvadarzana paraka gambhIra rahasyoM kA udghATana gaNadharoM tathA mahAna AcAryoM dvArA maukhika tathA tatpazcAt likhita rUpa meM hotA rahA hai / padArthanika vana pramata dvitIya doSoM meM samAhita hokara hotA kaTA ha prathama taskaMko bAgamata dvitIya ko paramAgama nAma ne abhihita kiyA gayA hai / Agama yA siddhAMta viSayaka paramparA meM grAtmA kA karmoM tathA para dravyoM se hone vAla vividha saMbaMdhoM kA paryASTiparaka saMyogI kathana hai aura paramAgama meM mukhyarUpa se zuddhAtmasvarUpa athavA zuddhadravyarUpa nirUpaka vivacana hai| paramAgama paramparA ke punaruddhAra tathA prakRSTa pracAraka ke rUpa meM AcArya zreSTha kundakunda kA nAma vizruta hai| unakI dArzanika vicAradhArA ko punarujjIvita paripuSTa tathA vyApaka banAne bAna AcAryoM meM agraNI yAcArya amRtacandra haiM jinhoMna eka ora TIkAgraMthoM kI sRSTikara paramAgama saMbaMdhI dArzanika vicAroM ko praspaSTa rUpa se prakaTa kiyA tathA dUsarI ora maulika graMthoM ke praNayana dvArA zrAgama tathA siddhAMta paramparA kI surakSA bhI kii| unake dvArA pradarzita dArzanika vicAroM ko yahAM vibhinna prakaraNoM ke mAdhyama se spaSTa kiyA jA rahA hai /

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. 428 ] / prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva nizcaya-vyavahAra naya jJAna kI prAvazyakatA ra mahatva : prAcArya umAsvAmI (gRddhapicchAcArya) ne vastusvarUpa ke adhigama (samajhane) kA upAya pramANa tathA nayoM ko batAyA hai| vastU kA svarUpa anekAMtamaya hai| anekAMtasvarUpa kA digdarzana yA prakAzana syAdvAda (sApekSa kathana) dvArA hI sambhava hai / sthAvAdamayI nirUpaNa nayoM ke prAzraya se hI sambhava hai| nayajJAna binA ekAMta.yakSa kA prAgraha nahIM miTa sktaa| ekAMtapakSa kA Agraha miTe binA anekAMtamaya vastusvarUpa kI prApti nahIM ho sktii| vastumvarUpa kI pApiTa jinA' samAdRSTi nahIM ho sakatA tathA samyagdRSTi hue binA mokSamArga kI utpatti, sthiti, vRddhi tathA phala prApti nahIM ho sakatI ataH mokSamArga meM pAne ke lie, vastumvarUpa samajhane ke lie, jinadarzana kA darzana karane athavA Atmadarzana karane ke lie nayoM kA jJAna honA sarvaprathama Avazyaka hai| prAcArya devasana mAnate haiM ki jo puruSa naya dRSTi se rahita haiM, unheM vastusvabhAva kI upalibdha (parijJAna) saMbhava nahIM hai, tathA vastusvabhAva ke jJAna binA samyaSTi kI ho sakatA hai? arthAta nahIM ho sakatA / 2 nayajJAna ke binA manuSya ko syAdvAda kI pratipatti nahIM hotI, ata: jo ekAMtapakSa ke bhAmaha se mukta honA cAhatA hai use naya jAnanA caahie| naya ko tattvajJAna kI prApti kA sAdhana tathA tattvajJAna kI prApti ko parama kalyANa kA upAya kahA gayA hai| ataH nayoM ke jJAna kI prAvazyakatA tathA unake svarUpa kA vivecana bhI mahatvapUrNa hai| naya kA svarUpa : prAcArya paSpadaMta evaM bhUtabali praNIta SaTkhaNDAgama sUtra meM naya kA lakSaNa isa prakAra ulikhita uccArita artha, pada tathA usameM nihita nikSepa ko samajhakara padArtha ko ThIka nirNaya taka pahuMcA dete haiM isalie ve naya kahalAte haiM / yaha naya kA nislatyartha hai| vastutaH anekAMta dharmamayI 1. "pramAdhipAH" (nattvArthabhUja a. 1, mUtra 6) 6. je gA yadidi bihUNA tANa Na vatthU sahAva uvaladdhI / utsahAva vihagA sammAviTTi kaha hoti / / nayacatra, ga'. 1. 3. jamhA Na Nayena viNA hoI vassa siyaghAya pavitI / samhA so NAyabo eyaMta hatta, kAmeNa / / nayacakra, gA. 174. 5. dhavalA pu. 1. pR. 10, 5. dhavalA pu. 1, pR. 11 Hindi

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dArzanika vicAra } [ 426 pramANa dvArA vastu ko vastu pramANa se paripUrNataH grahaNa meM AtI hai / jAnakara pazcAt usakI kisI eka avasthA dvArA padArtha kA nizcaya karanA athavA samyagjJAna ko pramANa aura jJAtA ke hRdaya ke naya kahalAtA hai / " abhiprAyako naya kahate haiN| yahAM abhiprAya se tAtparya hai pramANa se gRhIta vastu ke eka deza meM vastu kA nizcaya karanA / ekadeza arthAt eka dharma kA kathana karanA naya kA kAma hai / yadyapi vastu nAnA dharmA se saMyukta hotI hai tathApi naya usake eka hI dharma kA kathana karatA hai kyoMki usa samaya usa hI dharma kI vivakSA hotI hai, zeSa dharmoM kI vivakSA nahIM hotI hai / 4 isa taraha pUrvAcAryo ke dArzanika vicAroM ke prakAza meM AcArya amRtacandra ke nizcaya tathA vyavahAra naya saMbaMdhI vicAra prastuta kiye jA rahe haiM / vaktA ubhaya nayajJa honA cAhie: prAcArya amRtacandra nayavettA, naya marmajJa tathA nayasvarUpa ke spaSTa nirUpaka the / sarvatra unake sAhitya meM naya sApekSa, spaSTa nirUpaNa tathA nizcaya-vyavahAra ubhaya nayoM kA spaSTIkaraNa dikhAI detA hai / nizcaya ko mukhya tathA vyavahAra ko upacAra kathana dikhAkara ziSyoM ke ajJAna ko dUra kiyA jA sakatA hai / grataH jina mArga ke vaktA ko niracaya tathA vyavahAra donoM nayoM kA jJAtA honA cAhie / nayoM ke rahasya ke jAnakAra vaktA hI jagat meM dharmatIrtha kI prabhAvanA karate haiM / * naya prayoga meM sAvadhAnI kI AvazyakatA hai : naya aneka haiM, unake apane apane alaga-alaga abhiprAya haiM / pratyeka naya ke kathana ke abhiprAya ko samajhe binA vaktA yA zrotA kisI kA bhI kalyANa honA saMbhava nahIM hai, apitu nayoM kA yathArtha zrabhiprAya grahaNa na karane vAle ko lAbha na hokara ulTe nukasAna meM hI par3anA par3atA hai / 1. sarvArthasiddhi 1/3 . 20 (jAnapITha ) 2. tilocavaNyAta 1 dhavalA pu. 9/45 162. kArtikeyAnuprekSA, gA. 264 (mUla) mukhyopacAra vivaraNa nirastara vineyadurbodhAH / vvahAranizcayajJAH pravartayante jagati tIrtham / puruSArtha siddhayupAya, paca 4. 3. 4. 5.

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ma 430 ] | AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktisva evaM katRtva jisa prakAra cakra calAne se zatruoM kA nAza hotA hai parantu yadi cakra calAnA na pAtA ho aura akuzala vyakti cakra ko asAvadhAnIpUrvaka calAtA hai to apanA hI mastaka kATa letA hai. isI prakAra jinendra bhagavAna kA nayoM ke samaharUpa nayacakra hai, jo atitIkSNa dhAravAlA hai, jisakA calAnA kaThina hai, use mithyA abhiprAyapUrvaka calAne vAlA puruSa karmarUpa zatruoM kA nAza pAtA hai ataH nayoM ke kathanoM meM yathArtha abhiprAya grahaNa karanA tathA unake prayoga meM sAvadhAnI rakhanA Avazyaka hai| naya cakra saMcAlana meM kuzala guru ko zaraNa prAvazyaka hai : pAgama meM kahA hai ki jitane vacana hai utane hI naya haiM arthAt nayoM ke aneka bheda haiN| unake bheda prabhedoM ko sunakara vijjanoM ko bhI buddhi zrAzcaryacakita hotI hai| pravacanasAra kI satvadIpikAThokA me hI prAcArya amRtacandra ne eka sthala para saMtAlIsa' prakAra ke nayoM kA zava evaM spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai| ahitA tathA hizA ke varUpa nidarzana meM praka dRSTiyoM se kathana kiye hai| ina sabhI kathanoM ke vistAra tathA vividha bhaMgoM prakAroM ko sunakara sampamatijanoM ko bhava paMdA ho jAtA hai| jisa prakAra gahana vana meM koI pathika mArga bhUla jAtA hai to usakA usa vana se surakSita pAra honA kaThina ho jAtA hai| usa samaya koI gahanabana ke samasta mArgoM kA kuzala jAnakAra hI use bacA sakatA hai, isI prakAra vividha bhaMga yukta naya samaha rUpa gahanavana meM sanmArga bhUle hue puruSa ko athavA tattvajJAna se rahita puruSa ko nayacakra ke calAne meM kuzala athavA nayoM ke marma ke kamAla jAnakAra zrI guru hI zaraNabhata hote haiN| unake pivA anya koI sAnArga kA pradarzana nahIM kara sktaa| isa prakAra spaSTa hai ki prAcArya amatacandra 1. pratyaH niNiradhAraM durAsadaM ginavarasya nayanakam / laNyAta dhArya mArA mana bha.diti duvidagdhAnAm / / pu si. padya 56. jAvadiyA vaya-vahA tAvadiyA va hosi gNaya vAdA / jAvadiyA NayavAdA tAbadiyA va hoti parasamayA / / bayalA khaNDa 1, bhAga 1, pustaka 1, sUpa 1, gAdhA naM 67 pR. 1. pravacanasAra tattvadIpikA TIkA, caraNAnuyoga cUlikA ke aMta meM parigiNTa, pR. 402. pu. si. padya 43 se 57 taka / 5. iti vividhabhaMga gahane sudustare mArga mUna TInAm / / guruvo bhavati zaraNaM pratrunayana saMcArAH // " pu. si. padya 58,

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dArzanika vicAra | 43 1 nayacakra saMcAlana paTTu guru the| aise ho guru AtmakalyANa hetu Azraya karane yogya hote haiM | AcArya amRtacandra kI nayacakra saMcAlanapaTutA kA eka sundara udAharaNa yaha hai ki eka sthala para ve samyagdarzana, samyAjJAna tathA samyakUcAriya rUpa ratnatraya se baMdha hone kA niSedha karate haiM / " sAtha hI isa zaMkA kA bhI spaSTa zabdoM meM nirAkaraNa karate haiM ki zrAgama meM samyaktva tathA cAritra se tIrthaMkara tathA AhAraka dvaya prakRtiyoM kA baMdha honA likhA hai| ve likhate haiM ki ukta kathana natha ke jJAtAoM ko doSa kA kAraNa nahIM hai| kyoMki samyaktva tathA cAritra ke sadbhAva meM yoga aura kaSAya ke dvArA ukta prakRtiyoM kA baMdha hotA hai / samyaktva evaM cAritra se baMdha nahIM hotA, baMdha hone meM donoM udAsIna hote haiM phira bhI samyaktva aura cAritra ke sadbhAva kI mukhyatA evaM mahattA dikhAne ke lie upacAra (vyavahAra) me unheM bandha kA kAraNa kahA gayA hai| vAstava meM ve yaMtra ke kAraNa nahIM hai| yadi koI punaH zaMkA kare ki ratnatraya ke dhAraka zreS muniyoM ko bhI devAyu tathA anya uttamaprakRtiyoM kA gaMdha honA sarva loka meM bhalI bhAMti prasiddha hai to yaha kathana kisa prakAra ghaTita hogA ? isake samAdhAna meM kahA gayA hai ki samyakva, jJAna tathA cAritra rUpa tyatI ekamAtra nirvANa kA hI kAraNa hotA hai| anya gati kA kAraNa nahIM hai tathApi tatradhArI ke jo devagati Adi ke yogya puNya prakRtiyoM kA prAntrava (tathA baMdha hotA hai, vaha baMdha aparAdha zubhopayoga kA hai. ratnatraya kA nahIM / ' ukta sarva jagat prasiddha kathana rU- vyavahAra kA kathana darzanamAtmavinizcitirAtmaparijJAnamidhyate bAMdhaH / thismini cAritraM kula etemyogavati bandhaH / pu. si. padya 216. samyaktvacAritAmyAM tIrthaMkarAhArako bandhaH / vo'bhyupadiSTaH samaye na nayavizaM soga dopAya // pu. ni. padya 210. macaritre tIrthaMkarAhAra bandhako mantaH yogakA nAnati tatpunarasminnudAsInam // pu. mi. padya 215. '' namevaM siddhayati devAyuH prabhRtisatprakRtitraH / janamprasiddho rattradhAriNAM munivarANAm / / vahI padya 216. ratnayayamiha hetunirvANasyaiva bhavati nAvyastha / Ajati yattu puSyaM zubhovayogo'yamaparAdhaH // bahI padya 220. 1. 5.

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432 ] | prAcArya amRtacandra vyaktittva : evaM kartRtva hai| nizcaya se eka vastu meM atyaMta virodhI do kAryoM ke bhI mela se ukta vyavahAra rUr3hi ko prApta hotA hai jisa prakAra loka meM yaha vyavahAra rUr3ha ho cukA hai ki "ghI jalAtA hai" / vAstava meM dekhA jAya to ghI nahIM jalAtA. ghI meM jalAne ke svabhAva kA abhAva hai, jalAtI to agni hai kyoMki usameM hI jalAne kA svabhAva hai| isI prakAra uparokta kathana jAnanA caahie|' yaha hai prAcArya amRtacandra kI nayapaTutA kA spaSTa udAharaNa / nizcaya vyavahAra kA svarUpa : nizcaya gaya bhUtArtha hai tathA vyavahAra naya abhUtArtha hai, kyoMki bhUtArtha (nizcayanaya) ke jJAna ke viruddha jo bhI abhiprAya hai vaha sabhI saMsAra svarUpa hai| athavA samApta hI saMsAra bhUtArtha (nizcaya) ke jJAna se vimukha hai / yaha naya svarUpa kathana aAcArya amRtacandra ne prAcArya kundakunda ke kathAnAnusAra hI kiyA hai| unhoMne bhI yahI bAta amRtacandra se hajAra varSa pahale hI kahI hai ki vyavahAra abhUtArtha hai tathA zuddhanaya (nizca yanaya) bhUtArtha hai aisA RSIzvaroM ne kahA hai| bhUtArtha kA Azraya lene vAlA sampAdRSTi hotA hai| bhUtArtha-abhUtArtha kA spaSTIkaraNa : prAcArya amRtacandra ne ukta bhUtArtha tathA abhUtArtha kA bahuta vistAra se spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai| ve likhate haiM ki samasta hI vyavahAra abhUtArtha hai kyoMki vaha avidyamAna yA abhUta artha ko batAtA hai / nizcaya naya bhUtArtha hai kyoMki vaha vidyamAna yA bhUta artha kA prakAzana karatA hai| jisa taraha prabala kIcar3asaMyukta, AcchAdita hanA hai nirmala svabhAva jisakA, aise jala ko jala tathA kIcar3a kA bhedajJAna na karane vAle puruSa malinarUpa anubhava karate haiM, parantu apane hAtha se katakaphala DAlakara jala evaM kIcar3a 1. ekasminu samavAyAdalyanta bigaddhakAryayoragi hi| iha dahita ghRtamiti yA vyavahAramsAdRzo'pi rUDhamiti / pu. zi. padya. 21. 2. nizvayamihAbhUtArtha vyavahAra varNayantyabhutArtham / bhRtArtha bodhavimukhaH prAyaH sarvo'pi saMsAraH / pu. si. padya 5. 3. bavahAro'bhUyattho bhUyastho desido du suddharaNa pro| bhUpatthamamsido skhalu sammATTI hRvai jIvo / samayaprAbhRta, gAdhA 11. 4. samayasAra kI 11 vIM gAthA kI AtmakhyApti ttiikaa|

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dArzanika vicAra | donoM meM bheda kara bheda jJAnI puruSa jala ko nirmala anubhava karate haiM, imI prakAra prabala kamoM se saMyukta jisakA eka sahaja jJAyaka svabhAva prAnchAdita ho gayA hai aise aAtmA ko, pAtmA aura karmoM kA bhedajJAna na karane vAle abhUtArtha (vyavahAranaya) ke abalamtrI puruSa (athavA vyavahAra se vimohita puruSa) aneka bhAva rUpa tayA malina hI anubhava karate haiM, parantu bhUtArtha (zuddha naya yA nizcaya naya) ko dekhane vAle puruSa apanI buddhi se zuddha naya ke dvArA prAtmA tathA karma meM bhedakara, apane puruSArtha se pAvirbhUta mahaja eka jJAyaka svabhAva ke kAraNa prAtmA ko nirmala prakAzamAna hI anubhava karate haiN| ataH spaSTa hai ki katakaphala kI bhAMti zuddha naya malinatA se bhedajJAna karAkara zuddha svabhAva ko grahaNa karAtA hai isalie zuddha naya yA nizcaya kA avalambana lene vAle samyamyadRSTi haiM tathA dusare azuddha naya yA vyavahAra naya kA prAzraya lene vAle samyagdRSTi nahIM hai| ataH spaSTa hai ki karmoM se bhinna AtmA ko dekhane vAloM ko vyavahAra naya anusaraNa karane yogya nahIM hai| prabhUtArtha ke upadeza kA prayojana : yahAM koI zaMkA kare ki yadi vyavahAra naya abhUtArtha hai. upacAra mAtra hai tathA anusaraNa karane yogya nahIM hai, to prAmama meM usakA upadeza hI kyoM diyA gayA hai ? isake samAdhAna meM spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ki prajJAnI jIvoM ko jAna utpanna karane athavA samajhAne ke lie prAcArya vyavahAra naya kA upadeza karate haiM, parantu jo jIva nizcaya yathArtha vastu svarUpa ko to nahIM jAnate haiM, mAtra vyavahAra naya ko hI jAnate haiM unheM vyavahAra naya kA upadeza karanA yogya nahIM hai| ukta abhiprAya kA samarthana prAcArya kundakanda kI vANI meM pahale se hI upalabdha hai yathA jisa prakAra anArya ko anArya bhASA ke binA gamabhAnA saMbhava nahIM hai, usI prakAra vyavahAra ke binA paramArtha kA upadeza ho sakanA saMbhava nahIM hai / kundakunda ke ukta kathana kA atyaMta sarala, subodha evaM sundara dRSTAMta dvArA amRta candra ne apanI prAtmakhyAti TIkA meM spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai| yathA- jisa prakAra kisI 1. abudhamya bodhanArtha munIzvarA: dezanyatyabhUtArtham / / vyavahArameva kevalamavaiti yasyasya dezanA nAsti / / yu. si.. 'dya-, 2. jahAni makkamajjo ApanamA vimA damAheuM / taha vavahAreNa viNA paramatthu esaNa masakkaM / / mamayaprAmuna, gAthA 8. 3. samayanAra gA. 8 kI AtmakhyAti TIkA /

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434 } / AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva nArtha (mlekacha ! se yadi koI brAhmaNa 'svasti' zabda kahatA hai to vaha mAda ko dhanyavAna sAdhako na mAnane ke kAraNa kacha bhI nahIM samajha pAtA hai aura usa brAhmaNa kI aura meM hI bhAMti TakaTakI cagAkara, zrAM mAr3akara dekhatA hI rahatA hai kintu jaba brAhmaNa tathA manencha donoM kI bhASA jAnane vAlA puruSa mamajhAtA hai ki "svapni" kA artha hai ''terA avinAzI kanyANa ho", taba tatkAla hI utpanna hone vAle AnaMdamaya praznoM ga netra bhara kara baha maleccha "svasni' pada ke artha ko samajhA jAtA hai, emI prakAra vyavahArI janoM ko prAtmA" zarada kahe jAne para aAtmA mAbda ke kA nAna na hone se kacha bhI na samajhakara ye mer3ha kI mati TakaTakI lagAkara, agi phAr3akara dekhate rahate haiM parantu jaba bahAra evaM paramAyarUpa mArga para samyagjAnarUpI ratha ko calAne vAle sArathI kI bhAMti anya koI AcArya "jAtmA" zabda kA yaha artha batalAte haiM ki jo darzana jJAna tathA cAritra ko prAya ho, vaha jhAlnA hai, nava natkAla hI utpanna hone vAle aAnaMdAtireva ge jisake hRdaya meM sundara tathA manohara bodhataraMgeM jJAnataraMge udalane lagatI hai aisA baha vyavahArI jana usa "mAtmA" padaka artha kI samajha jAtA hai| yahAM aisA samabhAnA sAhiA ki jagat (vyavahArIgana) no mananacha ke sthAna para hona se tathA vyavahAra nayaccha bhASA ke sthAna para hone meM nyabahAra ko paramArtha kA pratipAdaka kahA hai / ataH spaSTa he ki yadyapi vyavahAra naya sthApita karane yogya hai tathApi brAhmaNa ko mleccha nahIM ho jAnA cAhie. isa bacana se vyavahAra naya anusaraNa karane yogya nahIM hai| vyavahAra (prabhUtArtha ko paramArtha mAnanA bhUla hai : yadyapi myavahAra ke dvArA nizcaya (parabhArthI kA pratipAdana kiyA jAtA hai ataH vaha nizcaya svarUpa ko samajhAne kA sAdhanamAtra hai, anya kAcha bhI nahIM / ' zAdhana ko sAdhya mAnanA bhI bhUla hI hai| TIkAkAra amRtacandra ne svayaM hI eka sthala para isa viSaya kArapaSTIkaraNa karate hae likhA hai ki jisa prakAra bilAva siMha ko samajhane kA eka sAdhana mAtra hai parantu siMha ke svarUpa se sarvayA aparicita puna bilAba ko hI siMharUpa mAnane lAnA hai. usI taraha yathArtha meM nizcaya ke svarUpa se sarvathA aparicita puruSa ke lie vyavahAra hI nizcaya svarUpa satyArtha yA bhUtArya laganaM - ....... .--. 5. vyavahAMgagApi paramArthamAtrameya pratipAdyate, na kiMcidapyatiriktam / - samayasAra gA. 10 kI AtmasvAti TIkA

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Gi I | dArzanika vicAra ! | 435 lagatA hai / yahI ajJAnI kI vyavahAra ko satyArtha mAnane sambandhI jo ukta spaSTIkaraNa se nirAkRta ho jAtI hai / bhUla hai, vyavahAra ko paramArtha mAnane vAloM ko zuddhAtmA athavA samayasAra kA anubhava nahIM ho sakatA / bhavya tathA ajJAnI kA vyavahAra naya kA zrAdhaya kaisA hotA hai : bhavya prathavA ajJAnI janoM ke mI vyavahAra naye kA prAzraya dekhA jAtA hai| ve tapa evaM zIla ko dhAraNa karane haiM, tIna gupti, pAMca samitiyoM tathA pAMca mahAvratoM rUpa vyavahAra cAritra kA pAlana karate haiM / ukta sabhI karate hue bhI nizcaya cAntri ke kAraNarUpa jJAna tathA zraddhAna se zUnya hone ke kAraNa ve cAritra rahita hai| ajJAnI tathA mithyAdRSTi bhI haiM / zrAcArya amRta ke paSTa doM meM kahA hai ki bhavya jIva ke zuddhAtmA kA jJAna nahIM hotA hai| mokSa kI zraddhA se jJAnatanva kI bhI zraddhA hotI hai pata jJAna kI zraddhA binA 11 aMgajJAna rUpala (vAstroM) ko par3hatA huA bhI. zAstra paThaNa kA guNa zrAtmajJAna na hone se vaha ajJAnI hI hai / usake prArama jJAna tathA prAtmazraddhAna nahIM hotA / isase yaha bhI spaSTa huA ki AtmajJAna tathA zraddhAna hote hI jJAnI saMjJA prApta hotI hai bhara hI usake nivarUpa vrata cArizrAdi na hoM / ' grabhavya jIva hamezA karmaphalatA rUpa vastu kI zraddhA karatA hai parantu nityajJAna cetanAmAtra vastu ko zraddhA nahIM karatA kyoMki vaha sadA hI davijJAna ke ayogya hotA hai| isalie vaha karmoM se mukti ke vimitarUpa jJAnamAtra, bhUtArtha ( nizcaya) dharma kI zravA 1 : 6. mANavaka eva hi yA bhagatasihatya | vyavahAraevahitA nizcayatAM tyatiyazasya // pu. si. paca's vyavahArameva paramArthaM vRddhA yantaM taM samayasArameva narAtayante / (rAmayasAra grA. 414 kI TIkA) kathamabhavana pyAyita vyavahAratavaH ti cet ? zolataH paritragupti paMrAnitirikalitamahima dipatrA vyavahAravAn abhavyAM'pi vizvapacArivahetu kunizcArivajJAnaniSTapa bhUtavAnazranyatzat / (AT. BOT. ROB.) mokSa hi na tAvadabhavyaH zraddhate zuddhajJAnamAtmajJAnazUnyatvAt tato jJAnanivAsI zraddhate / jJAnamazraddhAnaJcAcArAcaM kAdazAMgaMzrutamadhIyAno'ni zrutAdhyayanaguNAbhA mAtra jJAnI svAt / so'zAnIti pratiniyataH / tataJca jJAnazraddhAnAbhAvAt samayasAra gAthA 274 ko AtmakhyAti TIkA / 14 --

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436 / [ prAcArya amRtacandra vyaktitva evaM kartRtva nahIM karatA tathA prabhUtArtha (vyavahAra) dharma kI zraddhA karatA hai jo ki bhoga kA nimita tathA zubha karmamAtra rUpa hotA hai / aise abhUtArtha dharma kI zraddhA pratIti ruci aura sparzana se Upara ke graiveyakoM taka ke bhoga prApta karatA hai parantu karmoM se kadApi mukta nahIM hotaa| isakA ekamAtra kAraNa yahI hai ki usake bhUtArthaM dharma ke zraddhAna kA abhAva hai / " uparokta samasta dArzanika vicAroM kA AdhAra prAcArya kundakunda praNIta samayasAra kI saMbaMdhita gAthAeM haiN| nizcaya vyavahAra kA eka aura lakSaNa : bhI prAcArya mRtacandra nizcaya vyavahAra kA bhUtArtha- prabhUtArtha svarUpa spaSTa rUpa se dikhA cuke haiM / anyatra ne unakA eka aura lakSaNa prastuta karate haiM / ve nizcaya ko AtmAzrita athavA svAzrita tathA vyavahAra ko parAzrita karate haiN| unhoMne kiyA hai ki samasta parayoM ke nimitta se hone vAle adhyavasAna bhAva haiM ve parAzrita hone se tyAgane yogya hai / isase yaha bhI phalita hotA hai ki jitane prakAra ke vyavahAra bhAva haiM, ve sabhI parArthita haiM tathA parAzrita hone ke kAraNa hI jinendradevoM ne samasta vyavahAra ko tathA vyavahAranaya ke vikalpoM ko tyAjya kahA hai / satpuruSoM ko eka zuddhAtmA meM hI sthiratA karanI caahie| isa prakAra ukta dvitIya lakSaNa dvArA bhI nizcaya ko upAdeya tathA vyavahAra ko heya kahA hai / nizcaya vyavahAra kI tRtIya paribhASA : zuddhadravya kA nirUpaNa karane vAlA nizcaya naya hai tathA azuddhadravya kA nirUpaNa karane vAlA vyavahAra naya hai / zuddhadravya kA artha mAtra eka dravya se hai, usameM anya dravya nirapekSa hai / azuddhadravya se tAtparya eka dravya meM dUsare dravya kA AropaNa hai / udAharaNa ke lie rAga pariNAma hI zrAtmA kA karma hai / vahI puNya tathA pApa rUpa se do prakAra kA hai| AtmA apane rAga pariNAma kA kartA hai. usI ko grahaNa karatA hai tathA usI kA tyAga karatA hai, vaha zuddha dravya ( ekasyAzrita) nirUpaNa svarUpa nizcayanaya hai tathA pudgala pariNAma prAtmA samayasAra nA. 235 yAtmakhyAti TIkA dekhiye samaya gAthA naM0 273 274 tathA 275. Ama to nizcayaH parAcito vyavahAraH / samayamAra gA. 272 kI TIkA. 4, samayasAra kala naM0 133. ?. 2. 3.

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dArzanika vicAra ] [ 437 kA karma hai. vahIM puNya pApa ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai, AtmA pudgala pariNAma kA kartA hai, usakA grahaNa karane vAlA tathA chor3ane vAlA hai, yaha azuddhadravya (anya dravyAzrita nirupaNa svarUpa vyavahAra naya hai| zuddha tathA azuddha athavAeka tathA mizritarUpa se drabya kI pratIti kI jAtI hai ataH eka dravya grAhaka ko zuddha dravya grAhI nizcaya tathA mizradravya grAhaka ko azuddhadravya grAhI vyavahAra, ye do naya kahe hai kintu ina donoM meM nizcaya naya ko hI sAdhakatama mAnakara upAdeya nirUpita kiyA hai aura vyavahAra naya ko azuddhatva ka' dyotaka hone ke kAraNa sAdhakatama nahIM kahA hai ataH sAdhakatama na hone meM use heya kahA hai|' nayoM ko heyatA tathA upAdeyatA kA kAraNa : ___azuddhadravya kA grAhaka azuddhanaya vyavahAra naba) kahalAtA hai / azuddhanaya ko upAdeya mAnane yA usakA yAzraya lena se anuddha AtmA kI hI prApti hotI hai tathA zuddhadravyagrAhI suddhanaya (nizcayanaya) ko upAdeya mAnane tathA usakA prAzraya karane se zuddha prAtmA kI upalabdhi hotI hai / zuddhAtmA kI upalabdhi se mokSamArga evaM mokSa donoM kI prApti hotI hai, jisase prAtmA kA prayojana saghatA hai tathA azuddhAtmA kI upalabdhi to sadA se saMsArI jIva ko hai hI, jisase sadaiva duHkhI rahA hai aura AtmA kA prayojana nahIM sAdhA jA sakA hai ataH prayojana ke sAdhaka nizcaya naya ko upAdeya aura prayojana kA sAdhaka na hone se vyavahAra naya ko heya kahA gayA hai| vyavahAra naya meM mUcita jIvoM ko prAcArya amRtacandra ne unmArgagAmI likhA hai| da likhate haiM ki jo AtmA zuddha dravya ke nirUpaka nizcaya naya se nirapekSa hokara azuddhadravya ke nirUpaka vyavahAra naya meM moha karatA hai tathA mAnatA hai ki ye dehAdi va dhanAdi para drajya mere haiM, maiM inakA hU~ maiM yaha hU~" ityAdi mamatva karatA hai, vaha azuddhAtma pariNatirUpa unmArga kA hI pathika hai, bhale hI vaha zrama (muni) kyoM na ho / prastu, jo zrAtmA nizcaya naya ke dvArA para drazya viSayaka mamatva ko tyAgatA hai vaha zuddhAmA kI prApti tathA zuddhAtmAnubhUti rUpa sanmArga ko prApta karatA hai| yahA~ yadi koI tarka kare ki vyavahAra naya ke kathana anusAra loka vyavahAra calatA hai, jaise loka meM 1. pravacanasAra, tatvakSepikA gA. TIkA 189. vaca |maar, gA. 180-161 vI tatvadIpikA TIkA / 2

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438 / / prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva bAta prasiddha evaM rUha hai ki kumbhAra ghar3e kA kartA hai|' vyavahAra naya ko heya nirUpita karane tathA mAnane se samasta prakAra ke loka vyavahAra kA lopa ho jaayegaa| Agama meM STa ghoSaNA hai ki yadi loka vyavahAra kA lopa hotA hai to hone do, isa meM hamArI kyA hAni hai, kyoMki loka vyavahAra to vAstava meM naya nahIM hai, nayAbhAsa hai| ukta lokavyavahAra to mithyAhI hai sAtha hI grAtmA ke anartha kA kAraNa hai yathA - maiM parajIvoM ko dustrI karatA hU~. sukhI karatA hU~, baMdhAtA hU~. char3AtA hU~ ityAdi sabhI adhyavasAna rUpa vyavahAra, parabhAva kA, para meM vyApAra na hone ke kAraNa apanI artha kriyA karane vAlA nahIM hai| ataH ''maiM prAkAza kusuma ko tor3atA hUM" mAnane kI bhAMti ukta adhyavasAna mithyA hai. mAna apa grAtmA ke| anartha ke lie hI hai| isIlie AcArya amRtacandra sApaTa zabdoM meM nizcaya vyavahAra ke nirUpaNa kA sAra prastuta karate haiM ki yahAM yahI tAtparya hai ki zaddhanaya (nizcayanaya) tyAgane pogya nahIM hai, kyoMki usake anyAga se bandha nahIM hotA hai tathA tyAga se baMdha hotA hai| sAtha hI vyavahAra naya ko tyAjya batAne kA kAraNa yaha hai ki vaha svayaM hI mithyA upadeza arthAt jaisA vastusvarUpa nahIM hai vaisA kathana karatA hai isalie vaha niSedha karane yA tyAgane yogya hai, parantu jo prAtmA vyavahAra naya ke viSaya para dRSTi rakhatA hai, vaha mithyADaSTi mAnA gayA hai| ataH nyAyavala sa baha bAta siddha 1. kunAlaH kaza karoganubhanana ni nomAnAmAnAta nisAbarayayA / samayamAra na. 4 kI kA. 2. atha ghaTanA yo paTakA: janapadonilezo'maga ! doro bhavana nayA kA no hAnimratA nAmAnaH / / paMcAdhyAyI, prathama adhyAya, padya 576. 3. parAga jIyA payAmi mukhayAmInyAdi baMdhayAmi moyAmItyAdi vA yadela payasAnaM namakamapi pa mAlamya parasminnavyA priyamA gAravega svArthavinAkarityAbhAvAn kusama lunAmItyavamAna baniyA kavanamAtmanA. 'nardhAyaiva / samayasAra mA. 266 kI TokA) ie paMdhanAtra tAtparya heya: anamo na hi / nAsti baMdhAtadatyAgAra talAgAya ehi / / (samayasAra kalA, 12) vyavahAraH kila mizyA mpayamapi mithyopadezakazca yataH / pratiSacyastasmAdiha miyAdRSTiste darthasTizca / / 628 paMcAdhyAyo, prathama adhyAya /

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dArzanika vicAra / [ 436 hai ki vyavahAra naya abhUtArtha hai tathA jo kevala vyavahAra nAya ko anubhava karane vAle haiM ve mithyAiSTi haiM aura pathabhraSTa bhI haiN|' vyavahAranaya kathaMcit prayojanIya hai : prAcArya amRtacandra meM jahAM eka ora vyavahAra nara ke kathana ko abhUtArtha yA asatyArtha kA prakAzaka hone se anusaraNa na karana yogya likhA hai vahIM dUsarI ora unameM use hastAbalamna tunya batAkara usakI samucita sthApanA bhI kI hai| unhoMne spaSTa likhA hai ki prathama bhUmikA meM kadama rakhane vAle puraSoM ko vaha vyavahAra naya sakheda hastAvalamba samAna hai, tathApi jo puruSa caitanya camatkAragAva paradrayoM tathA parabhAvoM se bhinna parama "artha" ko apane aMtaraMga meM avalokana karate haiM, usakI zraddhA karate haiM tathA usameM lIna hokara caritrabhAva ko prApta karate haiM unheM yaha vyavahAra nae phulcha bhI prayojanabAna nahIM hai| eka anya sthala para bhI isI sambandha meM unhoMne likhA hai ki jo puruSa aMtima tAva se pacyamAna zaddha svarNa ke samAna paramabhAva ko anubhavatA hai usa zuddhanaya hI jAnanda meM AtA huA prayojanavAna haiM, parantu jo puruSa uskRSTa bhAva kA anubhava nahIM karate, unheM azuddhadravya ko bAhane vAlA, bhinna-bhinna eka eka bhAbambampa anakabhAvoM ko dikhAne bAlA yavahAra naya jAnane meM prAtA huA prayojanavAna hai| isa prakAra spaSTa hai ki koI bhI bhaya kA kathana savathA paripUrNa vastusvarUpa kA nika nahIM hotA hai apitu ekAMza kA nirUpaka hotaa| sAtha hI sApekSa naya hA samyak naya he sarvathA nirapekSA nava mithyA nava haiM / astu nayoM ke kathanoM ke satyArtha abhiprAya yA bhAvArtha ko yathA prasaMga yathAcita jAnanA tathA mAnanA cAhie / vyavahAra kI sthApanA bhI nyAyasaMgata hai : prAcArya amRta candra ne nayoM kA yathArtha-ayathArthapanA hI pradarzita tasmAnna gayAgata ni vyavahAraH syAlayonabhUnAtha . 1 javalamanubhavitArasAstha va nicyA go hatAste'pi / / 636, pannAdhyAcI pra.a. vyavahANanaga. yAdyapi prAkAdamyAmiha nitipadAnAM haMta hastAvalaMbaH / tadapi pabhamarthaM niyamakAramAbhaM para virahitamaMta: pazyatA nara kicit / / sa. mA. nA. 5. 3. gamavanAra gA 1 mI AtmarUpAti Toka / 4. girAnayA mizyA sApekSA dhastu te'rthakRta / / devAgama strota, 108,

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440 / | prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva nahIM kiyA hai, apitu unake prayoga kA kahA~ kitanA naucitya hai, isakA bhI bhalI pracAra prakAra spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai| vyavahAra naya ko jahAM ve abhutArtha - ayathArtha likhate haiM, vahIM ve use sthApita karane yogya bhI likhate hai kyoMki malecchabhASA ko bhAMti vyavahAranaya vyavahArI jIvoM ko paramArtha batalAne vAlA hai, isalie vaha svayaM aparamArthabhUta hona para bhI dharmatIrtha kI pravRtti ke lie vyavahAra naya batalAnA nyAyasaMgata ho hai / yadi vyavahAra na batAyA jAve aura paramArtha ge (nizcaya sa) jIva ko zArIra me bhinna batAyA jAne para bhI jaise bhAma (rAkha) ko masala dene para hiMsA kA abhAva hai, usI prakAra asa sthAvara jIvoM ko niHzakatayA masala dena, kucala dene yA bAta karane para bhI hiMsA kA g2abhAba ThaharegA aura isa kAraNa baMdha kA bhI prabhAva siddha hogA tathA paramArthataH jIva rAga-dveSa se bhinna batAye jAne para bhI rAgI duSI, mohI jIva karma se baMdhatA hai use chaDAnA cAhie" aise mokSa ke upAya ke grahaNa kA abhAva ho jAyegA aura isase mokSa kA bhI prabhAva hogA jo siddhAMta viruddha hai / utta kathana se spaSTa hai ki paramAdhyAtmI parantu anekAMtI grAcArya amRtacandra ne sarvatra ekAnta ke jhukAva se jagajjanoM ko sAvadhAna kiyA hai| jahAM eka ora ve vyavahAra nayako anusaraNa karane lAyaka nahIM haiM - likhate haiM, vahAM dUsarI ora ce vyavahAra naya ko dikhAnA nyAyasaMgata siddha karate haiN| isase yaha bhI nizcita hotA hai ki ekAMta cAhe vyavahAra nayanA ho yA nizcaya naya kA, vaha anartha kI paramparA kA hI kAraNa hai| nizcaya naya kI ekAMta sthApanA se bhI anartha paramparA kA hI janma hotA hai: nizcaya naya kI ekAMta sthApanA meM hone vAle anartha ko dikhAte hue AcArya amRtacandra likhate haiM ki jo jIva yathArtha meM nizcaya ke svarUpa ko to nahIM jAnatA thA ayathArtha ko hI nizcayarUpa se aMgIkAra karatA hai, yaha mUrkha bAhya kriyA meM AlasI hai| vaha bAhya kriyArUpa AcaraNa ko nAza karatA hai| ataH he bhavya jIvo yadi tuma jinamata kA pravartana karanA cAhate ho to vyavahAra aura nizcaya donoM nayoM ko mata chor3o, kyoMki vyavahAra ke binA tIrtha (vyavahAra mArga) kA nAza ho jAyegA tathA - --- 1. samayamAra, gA. 46 prAramakhyAti ttokaa| 2. nizcayamayudhyamAnA yo nizanamAstameva saMthayate / nAzayati karaNa caraNa sa bahiH kAraNAlatto bAlaH || pu. si., 50 !

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dArzaniya vicAra / [ 441 nizcaya ke binA tattva kA nAza hogaa|' yahAM vizeSa jAna dene yogya bAta yaha hai ki donoM nayoM kA grahaNa kisa prakAra karanA cAhie ? vahAM Agama meM nizcaya naya kI murUgratA lie kathana ho, vahAM to "satyArtha ha", bastu varUpa aisA hI hai - aisA mAnanA, tathA jahAM vyavahAra naya kI musyatA se kathana ho vahAM ''asatyArtha hai' aisA hai nahIM, kisI apekSA upacAra kiyA hai isa prakAra jAnane kA nAma hI donoM naya kA grahaNa hai, parantu donoM nayoM ko samAna rUpa se satyArtha mAnanA bhUla hai| mithyAtva hai| donoM nayoM kA kathana (svarUpa) paraspara virodha lie hue hai ataH donoM ko samAna rUpa se satyArtha nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / astu / nayoM ke bheva : prAcArya amRtacandra ne pratyeka tathya ke nirUpaNa meM apane pUrvAcAryoM kI siddhAMta paramparA ko hI vizeSa rUpa se spaSTa kiyA hai| unhoMna pramANa, naya tathA nikSepa ko adhigama jJAna) kA upAya batalAte hue nayoM ke mUlataH do hI 'bheda liye haiM, ve haiM dravyAthika tathA paryAyAthika / vahAM dravya paryApAtmaka vastu meM dravya kI mumamataH anubhava karane vAlA dayAzima naga dai tathA paryAya kI mukhyatA se anubhava karAne vAlA paryAyAyika naya hai| ye donoM nayoM kA paryAya se anubhava karane para bhUtArtha haiM. satyArtha haiM aura dravya va paryAya se anAligita zuddhavastumAtra jIva ke caitanya svabhAva kA anubhava karane para prabhUnArtha haiN| anyatra inhIM do mUla bhedoM kA spaSTIkaraNa karate hue likhA hai ki bhagavAn ne do naya kahe haiM - dravyArthika aura paryAyAthika / vahAM kathana eka naya ke prAdhIna nahIM hotA kintu donoM nayoM ke pAdhona hotA hai| isalie ve paryApArthika kathana se jo prapana se kathacit bhinna nI hai aise astitva meM vyavasthita haiM tathA dravyAthika kathana se svayameva sata (vidyamAna hone ke kAraNa astitva se ananyamaya haiM / ukta do nayoM kA .:. ukta -- ''jaha jiNa mayaM gavAha tA mA yavahArarigae muyaha / ekegA viNA jii tilyaM agaNa uNa tacca / / -samayasAra gA. 12 kI dIkA. 2. mA. mA. prakAzaka a. 7. pa. 251. 3. vahI a. 7. pR. 248. 4. rAmayasAra gara. 1? AtmakhyAti / 5. paMvAstikAya gA, 4 koTIkA /

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442 | prAcArya amRtacandra vyaktitva evaM kartRtva hI ullekha yAcArya amRtacandra ke pUrvavartI AcAyoM dvArA bhI pramANita hotA hai / khaNDAgamakAra ne bhI spaSTa likhA hai ki tIrthakaroM ke vacanoM ke sAmAnya prastAra kA mUla vyAkhyAna karane vAlA dravyArthika naya hai aura unhIM vacanoM ke vizeSa prastAra kA mUla vyAkhyAtA paryAyArthika naya hai / yoga sabhI naya ina donoM nayoM ke hI prabheda hai / " "nayacakra" praNetA mAilla dhavalana bhI ukta do hI bhedoM kA ullekha kiyA hai | anekAMtI AcArya amRtacandra ne sabhI TIkAeM mukhyataH donoM nayoM ke Azraya se likhI hai / paMcAstikAya kI samayavyAkhyA nAmaka TIkA meM isakA saMketa unhoMne TIkA ke Arambha meM hI kiyA hai ki jo samyagjJAna rUpI nirmala jyoti kI jananI hai tathA donoM nayoM ke prAzrita hai aisI samayavyAkhyA nAma kI TIkA kahIM jAtI hai| nayoM ke anya prabhedoM kA ullekha : sarvaprathama zrAcArya amRtacandra ne apanI zrAtmakhyAti TIkA meM bhUtArthasvarUpa nizcaya tathA prabhUtArtha- varUpa vyavahAra ina do nayoM kI carcA kii| tatpazcAt nizcaya naya ke hI mUlataH do bheda darzAye eka dravyArthika paryAyArthika | abhUtArthapa vyavahAra ke bhI sadbhUta tathA adbhuta ye do dUsarA bheda bhI kiye tathA addbhuta vyavahAra ke bhI anupacArita aura acarita bhedoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| prasaMgavazAt yAcArya zramRtacandra ne nayoM ke ukta bhedoM kA nirdeza tathA unake grAzraya se kathana bhI kiyA hai| yahAM unake dvArA ullikhita bheda prabhedAtmaka nayoM ko prastuta kiyA jAtA hai / sadbhUta vyavahAra naya : vyavahAra do prakAra kA kahA gayA hai, saddbhuta tathA zrasadbhUta vahAM eka vastu viSayaka vyavahAra ko ladbhUta vyavahAra tathA bhinna vastu viSamaka vyavahAra ko prasadbhUta vyavahAra kahate haiM / " svabhAvataH vastu eka bheda 1. dhanA pu. 1, gAthA 5.. // navagA. 183 tathA AlApa paddhati gA. 4. paMcArikAya, samayavyAkhyA TIkA, patha 3. 4. vyavahAro dvividhaH sabhUtavyavahAro'saddbhUtavyavahArazca / tavastunayaH sadbhUta vyavahAraH / bhinnavastuviSayo'sadbhUtavyavahAraH / AlApapaddhati, sUtra naM. 220-222 taka |

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dArzanika vicAra / [ 443 hI hotI hai tathApi usa meM bheda karake kathana karanA sadbhUta vyavahAra naya kI kathana zailI hai| isa zailI kA prayoga anaMtavatmika abheda prakhaNDa eka vastu barUpa kA paramArtha ko na jAnane vAle ziSyoM ko samajhAne ke lie kiyA jAtA hai| ukta abhiprAya ko vyakta karate hue prAcArya amRtacandra likhate hU~ ki vAstava meM to ekamAtra jJAyaka prAtmA ke baMdhaparyAya viSayaka azuddhatA tathA darzana jJAna cAritra rUpa bheda bhI vidyamAna nahIM hai tathApi anaMta dharmAtmaka eka dharmI ko na jAnane vAle aniSNAta nikaTavartI ziSyoM ko, dharma tathA dharmI ke abheda hone para bhI, dharmA ko samajhAne vAle dharmoM ke dvArA abheda vastu meM bhI bheda utpanna kara vyavahAra mAtra se aisA kathana kiyA jAtA hai ki jJAnI ke jJAna, darzana tathA cArimna haiM, parantu paramArtha se paNDita (jJAnI) puruSa ke anaMta dharmAtmaka eka varatu kA svabhAva anubhava hone se ukta darzana jJAna cAritrAdi bheda nahIM hai / ekamAtra zuddha jJAyaka prAtmA hI anubhata hai|' isa prakAra spaSTa hai ki ukta kathana sadabhata vyavahAra naya ke Azrama se hI kiyA hai kyoMki guNa-guNI meM abheda hone para bhI bhedopacAra karanA sadbhata vyavahAra naya hai aisA grAgamokta hai|' asadabhUta vyavahAra naya : bhinna vastuoM meM abhinnapane kA upacAra karanA asadbhUta vyavahAra naya hai| athavA bheda hone para bhI abhedapana kA upacAra karanA prasadbhUta vyavahAra naya kahalAtA hai| ukta vyavahAra ko satyArtha mAna lene vAle jIvoM ko amRtacandra na ajJAnI athavA naya vibhAga jJAna se manabhijJa rahakara ukta naya ke Azraya se kiye jAne vAle kathanoM kA abhiprAya spaSTa kiyA hai| eka sthala para ve likhate haiM ki 'jo prAtmA hai, vahI zarIra hai yA pudgaladravya hai" aisA vastu svarUpa nahIM hai / naya vibhAga se anabhijJa ajJAnI kI aisI mAnyatA hai| naya vibhAga kI spaSTa maryAdA isa prakAra hai - jaise loka meM sone aura cAMdI ko galAkara eka kara dene meM eka piNDa kA vyavahAra hotA hai, usI prakAra yAtmA aura zarIra ko paraspara eka kSetra meM rahane vAlI avasthA ke hone se ekapana kA vyavahAra hotA hai| aise vyavahAra meM prAtmA aura zarIra kA ekapanA kahA jAtA hai parantu nizcaya me ekapanA nahIM hai / 5. samayasAra gA. 7 yAtmakhyAti dIkA / 2. nirUpAdhi guNagunobheMdaviSayo'nupacarita sadbhUta vyavahAro grAlA paddhati sama naM. 225. 3. va. dra. saM.-gA. 3 kI dIkA /

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444 ] [prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva jisa prakAra nizcaya se pIlApanA Adi tathA saphedI Adi svabhAva vAle sone tathA cAMdI meM atyanta bhinnatA hone se unameM eka padArthapanA prasiddha hai kyoMki unameM anekatva hai, isI prakAra upayoga svabhAvI mAramA tathA upayoga rahita zarIra meM atyaMta bhinnatA hone se unameM eka padArthapanA siddha nahIM hai kyoMki una meM anekatva hI hai| isa prakAra yaha pragaTa naya . vibhAga haiN| ataH spaSTa hai ki ukta kathana asadbhatavyavahAra naya ke Azrayase hai| yahAM zarIra aura AtmA kI bhinnadravyasattA hai, tathApi bhinna sattAvAle do dravyoM meM saMzlaSa (eka zetrAvagAha) saMbaMdha dekhakara abheda kathana karA asadbhAhAranaya tI kA zaitako hai| anupacarita asadbhUta vyavahAra : uparokta kathana asaddhRtavyavahAra naya kA to spaSTa hai hii| sAtha hI asadbhUta vyavahAra ke do prabhedoM, anupacArita tathA upacarita ke lakSaNoM kI kasauTI para kasane se ukta kathana anupantrarita asadbhuta vyavahAra naya kA siddha hotA hai kyoMki ekakSetrAvagAha yA saMzliSTa saMbaMdha ko hI anupacarita kAhate haiM / AtmA aura zarIra saMzilAnTa saMbaMdha vAle hone se anupacarita haiM tathA donoM kI svarUpa ba dravyasattA bhinna hone se asadbhUta haiM aura donoM eka dravya nahIM haiM, phira bhI ekapana kA kathana kiyA so vyavahAra hai| isa prakAra deha tathA jIva ko eka kahane vAlA, deha kI kriyA kA kartA pAtmA hai athavA AtmA kI zriyA meM deha sAdhaka-bAdhaka haiM - ityAdi samasta kathana anupacarita asadbhuta vyavahAra naya ke hI haiN| upacarita asadbhUta vyavahAra naya : bhinna kSetravartI bhinna vastu meM athavA ekakSetrAvagAha saMbaMdha se rahita 1. sato badalA sAdava garIra pudgalAdravya mikti mamekAMtikA pratipattiH / naivaM, na pavibhAgAnabhijJAsi isa khalu parasparAgA dAbathAyAmAtmazArIrayoH samatilA mtharayAM kanavAladhoteyorevasyavyavahAravavyavahAramAtreraNavaikatvaM, na punizcayata, nizcayato hyAtmazarIrayogAyogAnupayogasvabhAvayoH kanaka kaladhautayAH pInapApadvaratvAdi svabhAvayoritrAtyata vyatiriktatyanaikArthatvAnupapatta : nAnArameveti / evaM hi kina nayA~vabhAgaH / - samayasAra bhatmikhyAti gA. 26, 27. 2. ba.. ma. gAthA 3, TIkA, pAlApa paddhati, sUra naM. 225. saMpalepa sahita vastu sambandhI viSayo'nupacaritAsa na vyavahAro..

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dArzanika vicAra ] [ 445 bhinna vastu meM anya drazya ke prasiddha dharma ko pAropita karanA upacarita asadbhuta vyavahAra naya hai| ukta naya ke Azrita kathana karate hae prAcArya amRtacandra eka sthala para likhate haiM ki kumbhakAra ghar3e kA kartA tathA bhoktA hai, aisA logoM kA anAdi rur3ha vyavahAra hai / athavA yaha rAjA pAMca yojana ke vistAra meM nikala rahA hai aisA kahanA, jyavahArIjanoM kA senA samudAya meM rAjA kaha dene kA vyavahAra hai kyoMki eka rAjA kA pAMca yojana meM phailanA prAraka hai. parama teta rAhI hai| uttaH donoM udAharaNa upasti asadbhata vyavahAranaya ke haiM, kyoMki kumbhakAra aura ghar3A athavA rAjA aura senA donoM bhinna kSetravartI hone se upacarita haiM, donoM kI sattA bhinna hola se asadbhuta haiM tathA anya kA guNa-dharma anya dravya meM Aropita karanA vyavahAra hai| asadbhUta vyavahAra svayaM upacAra hai tathA upacAra kA bhI upacAra karanA upacarita nasadbhuta vyavahAra hai| isa prakAra suddhanaya nizcayanaya), azuddhanaya vyavahAranaya), sadbhUtavyavahAra, asadbhuta vyavahAra, anuparita vyavahAra tathA upacarita vyavahAra ina chaha nayoM ke pAzcaya se kathana tathA spaSTIkaraNa karake prAcArya zramatacandra ne apanI TIkAtroM meM tathA maulika graMthoM meM prAdhyAtmika dRSTi se nayacakra kA kuzala saMcAlana kiyA hai| ye chahoM naya adhyAtma bhASA meM nayacakra ke mUla mAna gaye haiN| ukta chaha nayoM kA hI anukaraNa evaM prayoga karate hue amRtacandra ke pazcAdvartI brahmadeva sUri ne bhI ina chahoM nayoM ko nayacakra kA mala evaM saMkSepa meM unako hI jJAtavya likhA hai / " nayoM ke 47 prakAroM kA nirdeza : eka kuzala nayacakravettA tathA nayacakra saMcAlaka ke rUpa meM amRtacandra na uparokta chaha mala prAdhyAtmika nayoM ke atirikta 47 nayoM kA ullekha bhI kiyA hai| unameM 7 naya saptabhaMgI ke anusAra, 4 naya nikSepoM ke anusAra 2, - ma rai-aoantar 1. va. da. gaM.--mA. 3, tathA alApa paddhati-sUtra naM. 227. samayasAra, gA. 84. yAtmakhyAti TIkA / 3. bahI, gA, 4. prAtmayAni TIkA / 4. ana tavyabahAra evopacAraH, upacArAdAvAra yaH karoti ma upacAritA sadvyavahAra: / / pAlApapaddhati sUtra naM. 208, 5. badra. meM, gA. 3- itina yAmalaM saMkSepeNa nayaSadakaM jJAtavyamiti / "

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446 ] / prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRta tathA zeSa naya virodhI dharmasucaka yugaloM para AdhArita haiN| ina 47 nayA~ / ke Azraya se ekamAtra aAtmA kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai / ' samasta nayoM kA 3 prakAroM dvArA bhI nirdeza : uparyukta samasta nayoM dvArA nirUpita eka AtmA kA tIna prakAra se vivecana kiyA hai zabdarUpa, jJAnarUpa tathA artharUpa / vahA~ jJAna rUpa prAtmA (samaya kI prasiddhi ke lie, zabdarUpa prAtmA ke sambandha se, artharUpa prAtmA . ] ko prakAzita kiyA jAtA hai| yahI natha tathA paryanaya bhI nhii| jAtA hai| anyatra karmanaya tathA jJAnanaya 2 prakAroM kA bhI ullekha hai| vahAM parAzrita kriyAkArASTra ko darzAne vAle samasta prakAra ke vyavahAra nayoM ko karmanaya se tathA paramabhAva-jJAnamayI zuddhAtmasvabhAva grAhI nizcaya naya ko jAnanaya nAma se abhihita kiyA gayA hai| isa taraha nayoM ke bheda prabhedoM ke kathana meM prAcArya amRtacandra ne atyaMta spaSTa evaM vihaMgama dRSTi rakhI hai| nizcaya vyavahAra nayoM meM paraspara sambandha : ukta donoM nayoM ke svarUpa, lakSaNa prakAra tathA prayojana ko spaSTa karane ke atirikta prA. amRtacandra ne una donoM meM pratipAdya pratipAdaka, sAdhyasAdhaka tathA niSedhaka-nidhya Adi sambandhoM para bhI prakAza DAlA hai| ina sambandhoM ke spaSTIkaraNa hetu unhoMne apane graMthoM meM paryApta prakAza DAlakara unake samucita evaM saMtulita mahattva ko bhI pradarzita kiyA hai, jo isa prakAra hai :pratipAdya-pratipAdaka sambandha : nizcayanaya eka abheda-akhaNDa jJAyakasvabhAvI prAtmA kA prakAza kA hai parantu anAdi ajJAna ke kAraNa eka cidAnanda jyoti prAtmA ke jJAna rahita ajJAnI janoM ko sIdhe nizcaya kathana se abheda prAtmA kA vAcyapanA anubhava meM - pakar3a meM nahIM AtA, isalie darzana, jJAna, cAritra nAdi bheda karake -- - - 1. pravananamAra tadIpikA, pariziSTa / 2. paMkSAstikAya nA. 3 kI TokA |-"ana pAda jJAnArtha rUpezA vividhA'bhitra yetA samayazabdasya"""|'''''tada | jAnasamayaprasidavyartha samayasambanyatArtha samayo'bhidhAtumabhipretaH / 5. samayamAra kalazA-111. .---

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dArzanika vicAra | 447 vyavahAra kathana dvArA samajhAyA jAtA hai tathA vyavahAra kathana se darzana, jJAna, cAritrAdi lakSaNamayI dikhAkara abheda AtmA kA bhI grahaNa karanA sambhava hotA hai, jisa prakAra mleccha bhASA meM AryabhAva ko samajhAyA jAnA zakya hai usI prakAra vyavahArIjanoM ko vyavahAra bhASA meM nizcaya kA viSayabhUtAtmA samajhAyA jAtA hai / " amRtacandra ne spaSTa kahA hai ki jJAna aura jJAnI ke bheda se kahane vAlA vyavahAra, paramArtha mAtra kA hI pratipAdaka hai anya kucha kA nahIM / " yahAM vizeSa sAvadhAnI isa bAta kI honA Avazyaka hai ki pratipAdyapratipAdaka ko vAcya vAcaka sambandha nahIM mAna lenA cAhie kyoMki nizcayanaya dvArA nirUpita vastu tathA nizcaya ke vacanoM meM vAdhya vAcaka saMbaMdha bana jAtA hai parantu vyavahAra natha ke vacana vastu svarUpa ke prakAzaka nahIM haiM. zrapitu Aropita, upacarita, asatyArtha svarUpa ke prakAzaka haiM ataH vyavahArata ke kathana ke viparI vastusvarUpa hone se vyavahAra tathA nizcaya meM vAcaka - vAcya sambandha nahIM bntaa| isI lie vyavahAra naya ko pratipAdaka likhakara bhI amRtacandra ne use anusaraNa na karane yogya likhA hai / sAdhya-sAdhaka sambandha : nizcaya ko sAdhya tathA vyavahAra ko sAdhaka nirUpita karate hue eka sthala para ve likhate haiM ki nizcaya vyavahAra kI apekSA mokSamArga do prakAra kA kahA gayA hai, unameM prathama - nizcaya mokSamArga sAdhyarUpa tathA dvitIya vyavahAra mokSamArga sAdhaka rUpa haiM / " yahAM yaha dhyAna dene yogya hai ki jJeyoM ko jJAna kahanA jaise ghaTa jJAna, zraddheya ko darzana kahanA jaise deva guru-zAstra kI zraddhA samyagdarzana hai tathA AcaraNa karane yogya ko caritra kahanA jaise hiMsAdi kA tyAga cAritra hai, yaha saba vyavahAra ratnatraya viSayaka kathana prasadbhUta vyavahAranaya kA hai / " ise paramArtha nahIM jAnanA cAhie / 6. namasAra AtmakhyAti gA. 7 TIkA tathA 8 kI TIkA | :. vahIM, gA. TIkA 6-10. 3. samayasAra gADI tathA 11. ili bananAt vyavahAranako nAnusaMya" tattvArthamAra, upasaMhAra padya - 2. 'nizcayavyavahArAbhyA mokSamArge divA svinaH tatrAdyaH sAnyarUpaH syAdvitoyastasya sAdhanam / / " mayacakra 320 gA. "NeyaM khu jatthA saddhe va jatya dasaNaM bhariba' / cari cArita vacya taM prasavabhUva // " khalu 5.

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448 / | prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva paramArtha se sAdhya sAdhanapanA kadApi ghaTita nahIM hotA, kAraNa ki vyavahAra parAdhita hone se baMdhabhAva hai tathA heya hai. nizcaya svAzrita hone se nijabhAva - mokSabhAva hai tathA upAdeya hai / ' phira bhI vyavahAra dRSTi se hI kartAkarma athavA sAdhya sAdhana bhAvoM meM bhinnatA kahI jAtI hai| nizcaya dRSTi se vicArane para kartA-karma athavA sAdhya-sAdhana bhAva taka hI dravya meM hote haiM, do meM nahIM / niSedhaka-niSedhya sambandha : nizcaya, karmoM se mukti dilAne meM nimittabhUta tathA bhUtArtha hai isalie vaha niSedhaka hai| vyavahAra-dharma bhogoM kI prAptimeM nimittabhUta hai tathA abhUtArtha hai isalie vaha nidhya hai| vyavahAra ko niSedhya batAkara AcArya samasta hI parAzrita, baMdha-kAraka vyavahAra sar3AnA cAhate hai tathA nizcaya ke dvArA svAcita, mora-mAdhakATa pragaTa karAlA nAhate haiN|' ekAMta vyavahArAbhAsI kA svarUpa :-- prAcArya amRtacandra ne nirapekSanaya rUpa vyavahAra tathA nizcaya ke ekAMta kA avalambana karane vAle jIvoM kI bhUloM kA spaSTa digdarzana karAkara unheM samyaka anekAnta ravarUpa dikhAkara paramArtha mArga - mokSamArga meM lagAne meM koI asara nahIM rakhI hai| vyavahAranaya ke ekAMtarUpa se avalambana karane kI bhUloM ko dikhAte hue ve likhate haiM - jo kevala vyavahArAvalambI jIva haiM, ve prathama to bhinna sAdhyasAdhana bhAva ke apanAne meM nirantara lage rahate haiM tathA vyartha hI atyadhika khedakhinna hote rahate haiN| dUsare, bAra bAra dharmAdi ko zraddhAna rUpa adhyabasAna meM unakA citta lagA rahatA hai, ve nirantara bahuta zrutAbhyAsa rUpa saMskAroM se uThane vAlI vicitra vikalpajAla. rUpa vRtti se caitanyavRtti ko kaluSita karate haiM / tIsare, yatiyoM ke prAcAra rUpa samasta prakAra ke sapoM meM pravartate hue karmakANDa kI dhamAla meM tallIna rahate haiN| ye kabhI kisI viSaya kI ruci karate haiM, kabhI kisI viSaya ke vikalpa karate haiM aura kabhI kucha prAcaraNa karate haiN| isa taraha karma cetanA meM ho saMlAna rahate haiN| ve darzana, jJAna, caritra, tapa tathA vIryAcAra kapa paMcAcAroM ke pAlana hetu kisa prakAra pravRtti karate haiM ise spaSTa karate hue 5. samasAra katA - manye yabahAra evaM nilo'ynyaayysyaajitH|" 2. ho.kalaza, 210. "vyAvahArikaharavalaM, kartR karma ca vibhinnamiSyate / / " nizcayena yadi bastu cinyate. kata karma ca sadai kamipyate / / " 3. namabahAra, baMbhASinAra gA 275-276 ko TIkA. samayagAra kalaza, 173.

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dArzanika vicAra ] / 446 amRtacandra likhate haiM ki ve darzanAcAra ke lie kabhI atyaMta zAMta hote haiM, kabhI saMsAra-zarIra tathA bhogoM kI arucirUpa saMvega bhAva ko dhAraNa karate haiM, kabhI SaTakAya ke jIvoM kI dayA kA pAlana karate haiM, kabhI grAstikya bhAva ko dhAraNa karate haiM, zaMkA-kAMkSA-vicikitsA aura maDhaSTitA ke utthAna ko rokane ke hetu nitA kaTibaddha rahate upabahAga kara bArasA aura prabhAvanA ke kArya meM bArambAra utsAha ko bar3hAte haiN| ve jJAnAcAra ke lie svAdhyAya kAla kA dhyAna rakhate haiM, bahuta prakAra sevi naya karate haiM. durdhara upadhAna (nIrasa AhAra tapa) karate haiM, bhalI-bhAMti bahumAna ko prasArita karate haiM, nidava doSa ko atyaMta dUra karate haiM, artha vyaMjana tathA tabhaya kI zuddhi meM sAvadhAna rahate haiN| ve cAritrAcAra ke lie paMca mahAvatoM meM tallIna rahate haiM, yoganirodha lakSaNayukta guptiyoM meM udyoga rakhate haiM, pAMca sAmatiyoM kA pAlana karate haiN| ve tapAcAra ke lie yaha aMtaraMga evaM chaha bahiraMga eMse 12 prakAra ke lapoM ko sapate hue apane aMtakaraNa para aMkuza rakhate haiM tathA vIryAcAra ke lie karmakANDa meM pUrNazakti ke sAtha saMlagna hote haiM, isa prakAra ke AcaraNa se azuna karmarUpa pravRtti se nirantara dUra rahate haiM tathApi karmacetanA rUpa zubha karma pravRtti ko bArambAra grahaNa karate haiM parantu ve samasta kriyA kANDa se pare darzanajJAnacAritra ko ekatA rUpa jJAnacetanA ko jarA bhI utpanna nahIM karate haiM tathA bahuta puNya ke bhAra me maMdacitta vRtti vAle hokara svargalokAdi ke klezoM kI paramparA ko pAte haiM aura atyanta dIrghakAla taka saMsAra sAgara meM paribhramaNa karate haiN| kahA bhI hai-jo caraNa pariNAma pradhAna haiM aura svasamayarUpa paramArtha meM vyApAra rahita haiM, ve caraNa pariNAma kA sAra jo nizcaya zuddhAtmA hai use nahIM jaante|' ekala nizcayAbhAsI kA svarUpa : prAcArya ne jahAM eka ora vyavahAra nayAvalambI ke doSoM kA dikhAkara use paramArtha patha kI ora prasara kiyA, vahA~ dUsarI ora ekAMta nizcaya nayAvalambI kI bhI bhUleM dikhAkara use bhI bhavasAgara meM DUbane se sAvadhAna kiyaa| ve likhate haiM ki jo kevala nizcaya namAvalambI haiM va prathama to samasta kriyAkarmakANDa ke ADambara se virakta rahate haiN| dUsare ve apanI AMkhoM ko adhamudA rakhakara vRAcha bhI buddhi me ka panAkara icchAnusAra mukhI rahate haiN| togare, be bhinna sAdhyasAdhanabhAva kA sarvathA tiraskAra karate haiM tathA abhinna sAdhyasAdhanabhAva ko bhI upalabdha nahIM kara 1. paMcAstikA gA 172. ttiikaa|

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450 ] | AcArya zramRtacandra : vyaktitva eka kava pAte isalie pramAdarUpI madirA se madamattavat grAhasI cita vAle ba rahate haiN| cauthe ve muchita vyakti ke samAna gAva-nidrA meM soye hue ke. samAna bahuta ghI zakkara khAkara tRpta hue ke samAna, moTe zarIra ke kAraNa jar3atA paidA hue ke samAna, dAruNa buddhi se mUr3hatA ko prApta hone vAle ke samAna, viziSTa cetanA mudI huI vanaspati ke samAna, munIndra padocita karmacetanA kA pujyabaMdha ke bhaya se avalambana nahI karate haiN| pAMcave, ve parama niSkarmAvasthArUpa jJAnacetanA ko prApta nahIM karate tathA vyaktavyaka pramAda ke hI prAdhIta vartate hai / ve nikRSTa karmaphala kI cetanA pramukha pravRtti vAlI vanaspati kI bhAMti kevala pApa ko hI bAMdhate haiN| kahA bhI hai nizcaya kA zrAlambana lene vAle parantu yathArtha meM nizcaya ko na jAnane vAle kucha jIva bAhyAcaraNa meM AlasI hote hue AcaraNa tathA pariNAma ko nAza karate haiM / ' - AbhAsarahita, ubhayanayasumela sahita samyagjJAnI sAdhaka kA svarUpa :AcArya ne vyavahAra tathA nizcaya dAnoM ke ekAnta valaMbI ajJAno ke doSoM kA darzana karAkara AbhAsa rahita, ubhayanaya kA paraspara sApekSa hi sumela dikhAkara sacce mokSamArga kA udyAta kiyA hai| samyagjJAnI sAdhaka kI pravRtti kA nirUpaNa karate hue ve likhate haiM jo na mokSa) ke lie satata prayatnazIla rahane vAle mahAn bhagavAn puruSa haiM, ye prathama to nizcaya vyavahAra meM se kisI eka kA hI Alambana pakSa na lene se atyaMta madhyastha rahate haiM / dUsare ve zuddhacaitanya rUpa zrAtmatattva meM vizrAMti ko bar3hAte rahate haiN| tIsare, ve pramAda ke udaya se utpanna vRtti ko nAza karane vAlI kriyAkANDa rUpa pati ko aMtaraMga meM mahatva nahIM dete apitu udAsIna vartate haiN| cauthe ve yathAzakti prAtmA ko AtmA meM granubhava karate hue anubhava meM hI lIna rahate haiM / aise mahAna bhAgyazAlI jIva svatatva meM vivAti ke anusAra kramazaH karma kA tyAga karate haiM tathA atyaMta niSpramAda niSkampamRrti hokara yadyapi vanaspati kI upamA ko dhAraNa karate haiM aura karmAnubhUti ke prati nirutsuka rahate haiM, kevala jJAnAnubhUti se ho utpanna tAntrika grAnaMda se atyaMta bharapUra vartate haiM / isa prakAra ve zIghra hI saMsArasamudra ko pAra kara zabda brahma ke mAzvata phala nirvANa sukha ke bhoktA hote haiM / " 2. paMcAstikAya ga. 172 kI TIkA / paMcAriyA 172 kI TIkA.

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dArzanika vicAra | / '451 upayukta vyavahAra rUpa karmanaya tathA nizcaya rUpa jJAnanaya ke ekAMta avalambana kA tathA donoM ke samyak sumela kA phala nirUpaNa karate hue prAcArya amRtacandra ne eka sthala para likhA hai - ki karmanaya ke avalambana meM tatpara puruSa dUbe hue haiM kyoMki ve jJAnasvabhAvI prAtmA ko nahIM jAnate / sAyahI tanama ke isa jI hAe haiM kyoMki svarUpa prApti kA puruSArtha nahIM karate tathA pramAdI hokara viSaya kaSAya meM pravartate haiM, parantu jo nirantara jJAna rUpa hote hae, kama nahIM karate tathA pramAda ke vazIbhata bhI nahIM hote, ve jItra saMsAra samudra se kAra tarale haiN| naya paddhati - jainI nIti ke prayoga kA udAharaNa : prAcArya amRtacandra ukta nizcaya-vyavahAra athavA dravyAthika paryAyAthika nayoM ko gvAlinI kI mathAnI kI rassI ke do chora kI bhAMti nirUpita pArate haiN| jisa prakAra gvAlinI mathAnI kI rassI ke eka chora ko khIcatI hai tathA dUsare ko DhIlA karatI hai, isa prakAra manthana karake tatvamakkhana ko prApta karatI hai usI prakAra Hidradeva kI syAdavAda nIti hai jo dadhyArthika naya se vastusvarUpa ko khIMcatI - pramukha bhAratI hai tathA paryAyAthika naya zithila karatI haiM, isa prakAra prAtmAnubhUti rupa tantra ko prApta karAtI hai| ubhayanayoM ke virodha ko syAt pada se miTAyA jAtA hai :-- va likhate haiM ki donoM nayoM meM yadyapi viSaya kI apekSA paraspara virodha hai tathApi syAt pada ke prayoga meM yaha virodha miTa jAtA hai tathA syAt pada se cihnita jinavANI meM jo puruSa ramaNa karate haiM ve puruSa svayaM hI mohakama kA vamana karake zIghra hI atizayarUpa se prakAzamAna zuddhAtmA ko prApta karate haiM, jo zuddhAtmA navIna paidA nahIM hyaa| madhyastha ziSya ho dezanA kA phala pAtA hai : vAstava meM naya to vastusvarUpa ko jAnane ke lie sAdhanamAtra haiM. 1 sahasA kaleza. 111. 2. ekanAvarSantI ilathanI vastutatvamita / antega jAti janI nItimanyAnane amiya gApA / pR.mi.225 vA padma / ubhayanaH vigevayasinI syAspadA, jinavacasi ramAle ye strayaM gAnta mohAH sapaTi samayasAraM te paraM jyotizcca-nayanaya pakSarakSA bhIkSana eva / / -rA. nA. ka. 4.

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452 } [ AcArya amRtacandra vyaktitva evaM kartRtva ataH jo jIva nizcaya vyavahAra naya ko vastusvarUpa se yathArtha jAnakara unameM madhyastha hotA hai, vahIM ziSya jinadezanA ke sampUrNa phala ko prApta karatA haiM / " 1 pakSapAta kA bhI tyAga jarUrI hai : Upara prAcArya ne nayoM ke svarUpa ko jAnakara madhyastha hone kI bAta kahI hai / madhyastha honA yA nayoM ke pakSa kA vikalpa tyAga karanA eka bAta hai / yathArtha meM tattvanirNaya rUpa savikalpa avasthA meM vyavahAra kA vikakakara chur3AyA hai| tathA nizcaya ke Alambana kA vikalpa karAyA hai, parantu yAtmAnubhUti ke lie tayapakSa rUpa vikAsa bAdhaka hI hai / jo vikalpa tatvanirNaya meM sAdhaka kahe gaye haiM ve hI zrava bAdhaka kahe gae haiM, kyoMki anubhUti kI dazA meM dvauta nahIM hotA. naya kA vikalpa nahIM hotA / isalie AcArya amRtacandra zuddhAtmAnubhUti rUpa pramRtapAna karane ke icchuka janoM ko sAkSAta AnaMdAmRta prApta karane hetu naya pakSapAta ko tyAgane kI preraNA karate haiM / ve likhate haiM ki jo AtmA nayoM ke pakSapAta se mukta hokara apane svarUpa meM lIna hote haiM, ve hI vikalpa rUpa jAla se chUTakara zAMta vicitta hokara sAkSAt amRta kA pAna karate haiM / 3 astu | -M zranekAnta syAdvAda anekAMta jainadarzana tathA adhyAtma kI AdhArazilA hai tathA syAdvAda usa AdhArazilA para susthita bhavya bhavana hai / vastu kA svarUpa anekAtamayI hai tathA usa anekAMtasvarUpa vastu kI zabdAtmaka abhivyakti syAdvAdamamI hai / vastu kA svarUpa yanAdi anaMta tathA khaNDita hotA hai yataH anekAMtarUpa AdhArazilA bhI prakhaNDita hai / vastu svarUpa kA yathArtha kathana karane vAlI vANI bhI ambalita hI hotI hai grataH syAdvAdarUpa bhavya bhavana 1. 2. M vyavahAraniJcavaH prayatavena bhavati satpathaH / prApnoti dezanAyAH sa eva phalamavikalaM ziSyaH // pu. li. dya uni nayazrIrastameti pramANaM - "bhUSayati bhAti tameva / - ma. sA. ka. 2. evamukAkSAta svarUpaguptA nivasanti nityam / vikalpacyuta nAna-vinAsa evaM sAkSAdamRtaM pivanti // - samayasAra kana.60.

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dArzanika vicAra / / 453 bhI askhalita evaM anullaMghanIya hai| prAcArya amRtacandra bhI ukta tathya kI ghoSaNA karate hue likhate haiM ki isa prakAra jo jina dava kA anekAMtarUpa alaMdhya zAsana hai, vaha vastu ke yathArtha svarUpa kI dhyabasthiti ke dvArA svayaM ko vyavasthApita karatA huA vyavasthita hai|' anekAnta aura syAdvAda donoM meM ghaniSTa sambandha hai| unameM dyotya-dyotaka sambandha hai| anekAMta svarUpa vastu dyotya hai tathA svAdvAdamayI vANI yA kathana zailI usakI dyotaka haiM / amRtacandra ne isa tathya kI puSTi karate hue spaSTa likhA hai ki syAdvAda samasta vastutroM ke svarUpa ko siddha karane vAlA, prahantadeva sarvajJa jinendra kA eka askhalita zAsana hai| vaha syAdvAda "samasta vastueM anekAntAtmaka hai" aisI udghoSaNA yA upadeza karatA hai, kyoMki sabhI vastuoM kA svabhAva anekAntamaya hai| jo anekAMtamaya vastusvarUpa ko anekAMtasaMgata dRSTi se svayaM hI avalokana karate hae, syAdvAda kI zaddhi ko atizayatA se jAnakAra jinanIti (jinendra ke mArga kA ullaMghana nahIM karate haiM, ve satturupa jJAnamvarUpa hote haiN| isa prakAra donoM anekAMta tathA syAdvAda kI AvazyakatA tathA mahimA ko dekhate hue hI AcArya amRtacandra ne apanI samagra racanAoM meM anekAMtasvarUpa kA jisa paTutA evaM spaSTatA ke sAtha vivecana kiyA hai tathA syAdvAdamayI zailI meM tasvamImAMsA meM jo kauzala pradarzita kiyA hai, vaisI paTutA, spaSTatA tathA kuzalatA anyatra durlabha hai| yahAM hama amRtacandra dvArA prastuta anekAnta kI prAsthA, usakA mahatva, lakSaNa, udAharaNa evaM anya bAtoM para prakAza DAlate haiM :amRtacandra ko anekAnta viSayaka prAsthA : prAcArya amRtacandra ne anekAMta ke sambandha meM apanI vizeSa AsthA pragada kI hai| pratyeka graMtha meM cAhe vaha TIkAkRti ho yA maulika graMtha, unhoMne anekAMta kA smaraNa avazya kiyA hai| prAtmakhyAti TIkA ke prArambha meM 1. evaM vyavasthityA svaM vyavasthApayan svayam / alaMdhyAsanaM jaMgamanekAnto vyavasthitaH / samayasAra kalaza, 263. 2. paMcA. gA. 14 kI TIkA / samapasAra, AtmakhyAti, pariziSTa pR. 511. naikAlasaMgatahazA strayamevavantu-tattvadhyavasthitimiti pravilokayantaH / rasAdAda dima dhikAdhigamya saMto, zAnobhavanti jinanI nimalaMdhayantaH / -samayasAra.kA. 265.

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454 ] / prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva anekAMtamayI vastu svarUpa ko ve mUrtimanta rUpa meM avalokana karate hue smaraNa karate haiN| ve likhate haiM ki para dravyoM se bhinna, apane svarUpa se abhinna prAtmA ke anaMtadharmoM ke rahasya ko prakAzita karane vAlI anekAMtarUpamUrti / jinvaannii| sadAkAla hI jagat meM prakAzita rahe / ' tatvadIpikA TIkA meM prArambha meM anekAMta kA smaraNa karate hue likhA hai ki jo anekAMta maya teja mahAmoha sApa aMdhakAra samaha ko lIlAmAtra meM naSTa karatA hai tathA jagat ke svarUpa ko prakAzita karatA hai aisA anekAMta teja sadA jayavanta rahe / samayavyAkhyA TIkA ke maMgalAcaraNa meM likhA hai ki usa paramAtmA ko namaskAra ho jo sahajAnaMda tathA sahajavatanyaprakAzamaya hone se mahAna hai lathA anekAMta meM jisakI mahimA sthita hai| maulikakRti puruSArthasiddhayupAya meM bhI anekAnta ko bandanA karate hue likhA hai ki janmAndhapuruSoM ke hastividhAna kA niSedha karane vAle, samasta gayoM se prakAzita vastU svarUpa ke virodha ko dUra karane vAle, anekAnta ko namaskAra karate haiN| vaha anekAMta utkRSTa jaina siddhAnta kA prANa hai / ' laghu tattvasphoTa meM rAga ko jItane vAle, anekAMta se suzobhita, avinAzI caitanyakalA ke vilAya se spaSTatA ko prApta rAnAleja vAle tathA karma-zatru vijetA jinendra ko namaskAra kiyA hai / isa prakAra spaSTa hai ki amRtacandra anekAMta ke ananya upAsaka evaM anekAnta meM gaharI AsthA rakhane vAle the| ve anekAnta ke mahatstra meM bhalI bhAMti paricita the / 1 kha. sA ka. 2. henolnunamahAmohatamastomaM jayatyadaH / prakAza pajjagattattamanekAntamayaM mahaH / / -pravacanasAra, tatvadIpikA TIphA, padya-2 3. sahajAnanda caitanya prakAgAya mhiiyse| namo'ne kAta vidhAnAmahimne paramAtmane / / -cAstikAya samayavyAkhyA TokA,padya 1. 4. paramAgamasya jIvaM niSiddhajAtyandha sindhu ravidhAnam / ___ sakalanavilAsitAnA virodha mathanaM namAmpanekAntam / pu. si. padya 2, 5. jinanAya jinarAgAya namo'nekAnta zAline / anaMtacitkalAskoTa spRSTasapTAtmatejameM / laghu ta. sphoTa, adhyAya 12 padya 1.

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dArzanika vicAra ] J455 anekAnta kA mahatva : uparokta vivaraNa se yaha spaSTa hai ki AcArya amRtacandra kI dRSTi meM anekAnta ko sarvotkRSTa mahimA samAyo thI, isalie usake smaraNa tathA namaskAra ke hetu svarUpa unhoMne anekAnta ke kaI vizeSaNa batAye jo usakI mahimA ke paricAyaka haiN| unhoMne anekAnta ko paramAgama kA prANa, nayoM ke virodha ko zamana karane vAlA, alaMdhyazAsana, ji knoti, mahanta kA askhalita zAsana, mohAMdhakAranAzaka ityAdi vizeSaNa prayoga kiye haiN| eka sthala para ve likhate haiM ki anekAnta kI aisI mahimA hai ki virodha bhI virodha nahIM hai|' vastu svabhAva meM pAI jAne vAlI virodhI zaktiyoM kA prakAzana athavA usakI siddhi anekAnta hI karatA hai| vAstava meM he jinendra ! Apa meM, jo eka-aneka, saguNa-nirguNa, zUnya-zrazanya, nityaanitya, vyApaka-adhyApaka, vizvarUpa-ekarUpa tathA caitanya ke samUha se saMsAra ke prAbhoga vistAra ko kSINa karane vAlI jJAna kI uThato huI taMragoM se unmagna siddha karatA hai. vaha anekAnta hI to hai / 2 amRtacandra ke pUrva prAcArya samantabhadra ne anekAnta kI mahattA jina zabdoM meM ghoSita kI hai, unase bhI prAcArya amRtacandra ke anekAnta viSayaka vicAra prAcAryaparamparAnukUla pramANita hote haiN| ve likhate haiM ki he jinendra ! aApakI anekAMta dRSTi saccI hai| isake viparIta jo ekAMtamata hai, ye zanyarUpa asat hai ataH anekAMta dRSTi se rahita samasta vacana mithyA hai, kyoki ve sva ke ghAtaka hai / jaina siddhAMta meM anekAnta ko balavAna mAnA gayA hai / sarvathA ekAMta balavAna nahIM hai isalie anekAMta pUrvaka sarva kathana aviruddha 1. samavayaM prasAdo'nekAntabATasya yadIzo'pi birodho na virudhyate / " -paMcAstikAya 21, gA. dI. 2. "ekAne ke guragavadaguNaM zunyamatyantapUrNa / nityAnityaM pitatamatataM vizvarUpakarUpam / nityArabhAraglapinabhuvanA bhogaraGgattaraGga majjanta klayati kila svAmanekAnta eva / / ladhutatva, sphoTa, a. 22, padya 25. 3. anekAntAtma dRSTiste satI zUnyo viparyayaH / gataH sarvaM mRSoktaM syAttadaphtaM svadhAtaptaH / / bRhad svayaM bhUstotra anajinastotra padya 13.

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456 / | prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva hotA hai tathA anekAMta ke binA sarva hI kathana biruddha ho jAtA hai / ' yahAM taka ki Atma vastU jJAnamAtra vAhI gaI hai tathApi vahAM bhI anakAMta prakAzita hotA hai| svayameva anekAMta prakAzita hone para bhI mahanta meM usake sAdhanarUpa meM anekAMta kA upadeza kyoM diyA hai| isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki ajJAniyoM ke jJAnamAtra vastu AtmA) kI prasiddhi karane ke lie upadeza diyA gayA hai aisA hama kahate haiN| vAstava meM anekAMta ke binA jJAnamAtra aAtma bastu hI prasiddha nahIM ho sktii| isa prakAra anekAMta kI mahattA spaSTa dRSTigocara hotI hai| anekAMta tatva kA zraddhAna karane vAlA samyaka dRSTi hotA hai / anekAMta kI maMtrI se citta pavitra hotA hai / ataH anekAMta kI mahimA spaSTa hai| prAcArya amRtacandra meM yatra tatra anekAMna kA svarUpa bhI pradarzita kiyA hai| anekAMta kA svarUpa : "anekAnta' pada kA zAbdika artha hai "aneka anta yA dharmoM vaalaa'| arthAta pratyeka vastu aneka dharmAtmaka hai ataH anekAnta svarUpa hai| aneka dharmo meM jAtyantarabhAva pAyA jAtA hai arthAt eka dharma dUsare dharma me bhinna svarUpa vAlA hotA hai ataH vavalAkAra ne jAtyaMtara bhAva ko hI anekAMta likhA hai| prAcArya amRtacandra ne to anekAnta kA mvarUpa paSTa karate hara likhA hai ki jo tata hai, yahI atata haiM, jo eka hai vahIM aneka hai. jo sat hai vahI yasat hai, jo nitya hai vahI anitya hai, isa prakAra eka hI vastu meM vastutva kI upajAne vAlI parampara viruddha do zaktiyoM kA prakAzita honA anekAMta hai| anekAMta svarUpa vastu meM jo viruddha yugala 1. natravatozakAnto balarAniha khala na sarvathai kAmlaH / / sarva syAdaviruddha' tatpUrva sadvinA viruddha syAt / / --paMcApyAgo-pUvArdha pazca 227, tathA pravarasAra gA. 27. ttiikaa| 2. AtmakhyAti TIkA pariziSTa pR. 573. 2. kArtikeyAnuprekSA / mU. mA. 311. 4 sA khalbanekAntamaitrIpavinitacitseSu... (pravacanasAra gA. 251 TIkA) 5. dhavAlA, pu. 15, 25. / ___yadeva tala devAtan pradevaka devAnekaM, yava sattadevAsat yadeva nityaM tadevAnityamityekavastu vastvaniSNAnaka paraspara viruddhazatidvayazkAzanamanekAtaH / " -AsmakhyAti pariziSTa pR. 572.

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dArzanika vicAra / zAktiyoM kA prakAzana hotA hai, vaha kisa prakAra mAtra ? imakA lAnA bhI kiyA gayA hai| AttA meM upa rakta virodhI zaktiyoM ke yugoM kA prakAzana kramazaH isa prakAra saMbhava hai : jAnamAtra yAtma bastu naH apane aMtaraMga meM pragaTa prakAzita jJAnarUpa ke dvArA natthanA tathA bAhara meM pragaTa ananta jJeyoM se svarUpa kI bhinnatA hone ke kAraNa grAtmA ke parajecA ke svarUpa kI apekSA / / atatpanA bhI haiM / rA. mUta pravartamAna (guNAM) tathA kramazaH pravatamAna (paryAyoM ke) anaMta catamyAMgoM ke samUdAya rUpa pratibhAgI dravya kI apekSA ekatva he aura vibhAgI dravya meM vyApta sahabhUta tathA zramadAH pravartabhAna anaMta caitanya aMza rUpa paryAyoM kI dRSTi anekatva hai| apane h| dravayAtra-kAla tathA bhAvarUpa bhavana zakti ke ho se sAva, tathA na hone sa asatva bhI hai / annAdi nidhana avibhAga eka vRmina se pati ko harA nimaya hai aura apazaH pravartamAna ekAsamagyavatI paryAya ra vRttiA meM pariNata hone ke kAraNa anityatva h|' isa prakAra ga birodhIyugaloM ke prakAzana meM koI bAdhA nahIM ha ataH bastu svapa meM prAkAla kA prakAzana bho nirvAdha siddha hotA hai| vaha anakAnta ajJAna ga mUha hue jIvoM ko jJAna mAtra prAtma tattva kI prasiddhi karatA humA anubhava meM praataa| prAcArya amRtacandra ke uparakta anakAnta svarUpa viSayaka dArzanika vicAra pUvAcArya paramparA ma sAmya rakhate hai| prAcArya akalaMka deva ke isa kathana meM ukta bAta pramANita hotA hai ki jena eka hI hetu sapakSa meM sata aura vipakSa meM asata hotA hai, usI taraha vibhinna apekSAyoM se astitvAdi dharmo ke vastu meM rahana meM bhI koI virodha nahIM hai| vAstava meM anakAnta svarUpa vastu ko samajhane ke lie sAkSa dRSTi caahie| sApekSa dRSTi se hI virodhI dharmoM kI siddhi hotI hai| prAcArya pUjyapAda na sarvArtha siddhi meM spaSTa kiyA hai ki apita (mukhya) tathA arpita (gauNa) ina donoM dRSTiyoM se eka vastu meM paraspara virodhI do dharmoM kI . --- - hai. AtmakhyAti, pariziSTa pR. 5.73, tyajJAnavimUDhanA jAnamA prasAdhaya / zAtmatatt manekAntaH svayamAnubhUyate / / samayasAra kalaza naM. 262. gapakSArApApekSayopazakSitAnAM saccAsavAdImA bhedAtAmAdhAreNa pakSa dharmapAkena tulyaM sarvam / -rAtrA tika, a. 1, satra (bhA. jJAnagITha, tri. maM. 2008)

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458 ! AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva siddhi hotI hai| isalie koI virodha nahIM hai| jaise devadana ke pitA, putra, bhAI tathA bhAnaje. isI prakAra aura bhI jana kalva aura janyatva prAdi ke nimitta se hone vAle sambandha virodha ko prApta nahIM hote| jaba jisa dharma kI pradhAnatA hotI hai, usa samaya usameM vahI dharma mAnA jAtA hai| udAharaNa ke lie putra kI apekSA vaha pitA hai praura pitA kI apekSA baha putra haiM; aadi| usI prakAra dravya bhI mAmAnya kI apekSA nitya hai, aura vizeSa ko apekSA anirama hai| isalie koI pirAdha nahIM hai| uparokta prAcArya paramparA kA anusaraNa AcArya amRtacandra ke vicAroM meM spa-taH pAyA jAtA hai| eka sthala para ve kahate haiM ki yadyapi asti pakSa nAsti pakSa se bAdhita hai aura nAsti pakSa amti pakSa se bAdhita hai para ve donoM astinAni pakSa samatA ko prApta kara paraspara mile hue| prapojana athavA padArtha kI siddhi ke lie yatna karate haiN| sampUrNa jagat ko yadyapi eka 'sala" zabda se kahA jA sakatA hai tathApi vaha sat vAstava meM samasta vantunoM ko prakaTa nahIM karatA kyoMki sat svayaM hI asat svarUpa kI apekSA rakhatA hai| asti rUpa caitanya svarUpa kI pratIti - anubhUti yAtmAnubhUti) nAstipUrvaka hI hotI hai / tathA nAsti rUpa parAnubhUti (svakI) asti kI apekSA rakhatI hai kyoMki jagat meM sva tathA para kA vibhAga pAyA jAtA hai ataH jaba zabdoM dvArA eka pakSa yA vidhi pakSa kahA jAtA hai taba dUsaga pakSa yA niSedha pakSa zabdoM meM chuTa jAtA hai| amti kI dhvani niSedha ko sAkSAta sparzato hai tathA nApti kI dhvani amita ko apekSA rakhatI hai| isalie yadi sApekSa kathana na kiyA jAya to vidhi pakSa dvArA apanA svayaM kA vidheya pragaTa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA; kyoMki vidhi artha to para ke niSedha ke lie abhihita kiyA jAtA hai tabhI vaha svayaM ko prakaTa kara pAtA hai| isa prakAra amRtacandra ne anekAnta kA spaSTa svarUpa 1. rAvArthasiddhi a. 5, mutra (jJAnapI: 1955.ii| 2. nidhireSa niSedhavA dhita: pratiSedhI vidhinA virUkSitaH / ja'mayaM samatAmupetya tayatane maMhitamarthasiddhaye / / 7 ] -laghutatvasphoTa | a 15. 3. ladhutatvasphoTaH a. 15 pahA naM. 7,8,9. la. na. sphoTa: a. 17 padya 10, 14, 15, 16 satya mana svAra di bhAji vizve kina bAd vidhiniyamAdayA sa zabdaH / praba yAdyadi vidhimeva nAti bhedaH pratra te yadi niyama jagat pramiSTam // 10 //

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dArzanika vicAra : { 456 prastuta kiyA hai| inhoMne anekAnta zailI meM atyaMta spaSTa prarUpaNA kI hai| nizcaya tathA vyavahAra athavA dravyAthika tathA paryAyAthika nayoM meM prastuta nirUpaNa bhI anekAMta zailI ke antargata samAhita hai| anekAnta zailo meM nirUpaNa : prAcArya amRtacandra ne anekAntamayI zailI meM TIkAeM racI, maulika gaMgoM ko parUpaNA kI mazaH nigama kI stuti karate hue bhI ukta zailI kA prayoga kiyA hai| jinendra kI stuti karate hue ve eka sthala para likhate haiM ki he jinendra deva ! pApa sadaiva padArtha kI pthiratA kA upadeza nahIM dete aura sadA hI AtmasvarUpa kI mahimA kI asthiratA ko dUra karate haiM, isIlie ApakA pAzcaryakAraka caitanyajyoti dvArA prasiddha AtmasvabhAva eka hone para bhI vidhi niSetrarUpa athavA asti nAsti rUpa hai / ' ApakA sahaja svabhAvotpanna nirmANa (mvarUpa bhavana) vidhi tathA niSedha rUpa se suzobhita hai ataH Apa meM prakaTa anubhava meM Ane vAlA sat asat Adi vikalpoM kA samUha ucchalita ho rahA hai, isameM pAzcarya nahIM hai| Apa dedIpyamAna, bahata bhArI, paraspara mizrita anaMta catuSTaya rUpa saMpatti ke samUha se prakAzita hote haiM / nitya anitya, eka aneka Adi aneka dharmoM sahita haiM, avinAzI haiM / Apako eka dharma meM sthira dRSTi rakhane vAle (ekAMtadRSTi) puruSa kaise dekha sakate haiM / astIni dhvaniranivArisa: praNAmyanyat kurya nidhimayameva naiva vinam / strasvArtha paragamanAnivartayantaM tanaM spRzati niSedhameva mAkSAt / / 14 / / nAstIti nimitamana u kuzapranArAyalayaM agita karoti nava vizvam / tannUnaM liyamapade tadAtmabhUmAvastIti vyanitamapekSate svayaM tat / / 15 / / sApekSo yadi na vidhIyate bidhiratalyasyArtha nanu vidhireva nAbhidhasta / vidhyartha; ma khalu parAnniSiddhamartha yat svasminniyatamaso svayaM avIti / / 16 / / 1. nAvasthiti jinadadAti na cA'navasthAmutthApayasyanizamAtmamahimni niyam / penAyamad tutavidgamacaMcurucareko'pi te vidhiniSedhamaya svabhAvaH / / 5 / / - laghutattva sphoTa, ara, yasmAdidaM vidhiniSedhamayaM cakAsti niriNameva sahajapravijRmbhataM te / tasmAt sadA sadasazadivikalpajAlaM tvayya vilAsamidamutplavate na citram / / 6 / / nahI a, 2, parasparaM saMvar3itena dIyatAma munniSanbhUni mareNa bhuuysaa| svamekA dhamI vahilAcalekSaNIka dharmA bAthamIkSyasa'kSara; || 11 / / vahIM a.

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460 ] [ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva ApakA vidhi niSedha meM racita svabhAva apanI maryAdA kA ulaMghana kiye vinA kRSNa tathA zukla pakSa kI bhAMti apanI dvirUpatA ko nahIM chor3atA / Apa prasti-nAsti ubhayarUpa pratIta hote haiM / prApa svacatuSdaya se bhAvarUpa tathA paracatuSTaya se abhAvarUpa haiM / aise aApake ddhazakti yukta svabhAva ko ajJAnI janoM dvArA samajhA jAnA kaThina hai / ' vAstava meM sat rUpa kathana asat kI apekSA rakhatA hai yadi aisA na ho to vastusvarUpa apanI maryAdA toDa dveN| he jinendra, nija tathA parapadArtha darzana kA viSaya hone se darzana gaNa meM praviSTa ho rahe haiM, isalie Apake dvArA svapara kA bhedazAna karane ke lie vidhi tathA niSedha kI (anekAMta) paddhati kA nirNaya kiyA gayA hai| 3 syAvAda ko prAvazyakatA tathA mahattA : hama yaha spaSTa kara cuke hai ki prakAnta aura syAdvAda donoM meM ghaniSTa sambandha hai / anekAnta vastu kA svarUpa hai tathA syAdvAda vastu svarUpa pratipAdaka kathana zailI hai / anekAMta jJAnagocara vastu hai to smAdvAda vacanAbhita kathana paddhati / yadyapi anubhUti vANI se pare tathA vANI anubhati se bhinna vastu hai. tathApi anubhUti ko iMgita karane vAlI prANI hI hai| ajJAnI jIvoM ko vANI ke sarvata yA vacana vyavahAra vinA bastu svarUpa kA parijJAna evaM anubhava honA asaMbhava hai ataH syAdvAda kI AvazyakatA spaSTa hai| 1. tribho vidhAnapratiSedhanirmitA svabhAvasImAnamamUmalaGatrayam / tvameva megA'yama zukna zuklavanna jAsvapi dvayAtmakatAmapohasi / / 14 / / bhaktsU bhAveSu vimAnyata'stitA tathA'bhavatsu pratibhAti nAstitA / svamahilanAsnitya samudayena naH prakAzamAno na nanovi vismayam / / 15 / / upari bhAvaM tvamitmanA bhanna bhAratAM yAmi parAtmanA bhavan / prabhAva bhAvopacito'yamasti se samAna ena pratipaktidAgagA; || 16 / / -lakSu tattva sphoTa a. 4, 2. iyaM sadiyukti rapekSate mayAbRznimI manitasatvRttI; / jamatsamakSA sahabhava aa vyabhAvasImAnamathAnyathArthaH / / 13 / / vahI a. , 3. dazi dRzNatayA paritaH payAktiretaramIzvara saMviNataH / ata eva vivegakRte bhavatA niraNAmi vibhipratiSedha vidhiH // 13 // vahI, a, 14,

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dArzanika vicAra ] [461 syAvAda samasta vastuoM ke svarUpa ko siddha karane vAlA, arhantasarvajJa kA eka astralita zAsana hai / ' syAdvAda vastu svarUpa ko prakAzita karane bAlA dIpaka hai| vaha lahalahATa teja se yukta, zuddha svabhAvarUpa mahimA se saMyukta jJAnarUpa prakAza ko udita karane vAlA hai| prAcArya amRtacandra ne syAdvAda ko jindra bhagavAna kI siddhAna paddhati likhA hai / yaha paddhati nayoM ke samUha meM pAye jAne vAle dunivAra virodha ko nAza karane vAlI hai tathA syAtkAra hI usakA jIvana hai| ve likhate haiM ki nizcaya vyavahAra donoM nayoM meM viSayApekSA paraspara virodha hai| usa virodha ko nAza karane bAlA yAtapada hai| "syAtpada' se cinhita jinendra kI vANI meM jo puruSa ramaNa karate haiM, meM zIghra hI moha kA vamana (tyAga karate haiM tathA tatkAla paramajyotirUpa prakAzamAna zuddhAtmA (samayasAra) ko dekhate haiM / vaha zuddhAtmA navIna nahIM hai tathA ekAMta rUpa kunaya ke pakSa se khaNDita bhI nahIM hai / jinendra kI vAgI rUpa jo zabda bahma hai vaha syAtpada se mudrita hotA hai / " syAtpada mudrA meM lA zabdazatiH sa kArana meM asamartha hotI hai kyoMki virodhI dharma se sApekSa hone ke kAraNa jinendra ke zabda viruddha dharma se yukta vastu ko sparza karate haiM parantu sthAdvAda mudrA se rahita zabda bastu svarUpa ke eka deza meM zakti bikhara jAne se skhalita ho jAte haiM / AcArya amRtacandra 1. syAhAmo hi lagatavatatva pAyaka paskhalita zAsanamahasArvajasva / -prAtmakhyAti, pariziSTa pR. 541 2. sthAvAdadIpitalasanmasi prakANe. zuddhasvabhAvamahimanyudita mIni / ki baMdhamonapathapAtibhiranyabhAva - jityodaya: paragayaM rAphuratu svabhAvaH / / -sasA. ka. 269. 3. dunibAranayAnIka virodhadhvaMsanauSadhiH, syAtkArajIvitA jIyAjanI siddhAnta paddhati / -paMcAstikAya TIkA, , 4. ubhayanaya viroSadhvalinI yArapadAMke, jinanacasi rarAnta ye strayaM bAnta mohAH / sapadi samayasAra ta paraM jyonirUcca, ranamAnayapakSAkSuNNamIkSanta eva / / samayasAra kalaza 4 "syAspadamudrita gandabrahmopAsanajanmA"" samayamAra mA. 5 kI TIkA vipakSasApekSatameva dAH spRzanti te vastu viruddhdhrmaa| tadeva deze'pi vizINaMsArA: svAdvAdamudrAvikAlAH svaganti / / 12 / / -laghu-natya sphoTa, adhyAya ,

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462 / / prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva ke uparokta vicAra syAvAda kI mahimA ke prakAzaka haiN| ve jisa prakAra anekAMta ko mUrtimanta rUpa meM smaraNa karate haiM usI prakAra syAdvada mudrA ko bhI mUrtimanta rUpa meM hI dekhate hai / ve likhate haiM ki he jinendra ! jo anaka bAra vizva ko acchI taraha zabda mArga kA viSaya banAkara eka sAtha kAyana karane meM nahIM muktI, aisI ko yaha nasora dAna jAnA hAna sAmane uTha khar3I hotI hai / ' he bhagavAn : zabdoM meM dRr3hatA sthApita perane ke lie hI Apana syAdAda mRdrA ko racA hai / isalie usa syAdvAda mudrA se cinhita ve zabda skhalita na hote hue apane Apa vastu ko tat ajJat svabhAva pukta nirUpita karate haiN|' prApa vastu ke nAsti pakSa ke nirUpaNa kI zabdoM ko asarthatA nahIM cAhate, isalie syAt pada ke prayoga dvArA zabdoM ko ukta nirUpaNa meM samartha karate haiN| syAta pada, zabda meM dvivAzakti paidA karatA hai jisasa astinAsti' ubhaya zaktiyoM kA pratipAdana hotA hai / yadyati zabda svayaM hI hU~ va zakti yukta hai kyoMki koI kisI meM zakti paidA nahIM kara sakatA parantu ukta zabda kI vaidhazakti syAvAda kI sahAyatA se hI prakaTa hotI haiN| isalie use vyavahAra se zakti utpAdaka kahate haiN| yadi jagata meM eka hI zabda se donoM pakSa vyakta kiye jAnA saMbhava hotA to syAt pada prayoga ko prAvazyakatA na hotI parantu dusare zabda kA upayoga bhI arthapurNa mAnA jAtA hai isalie dvaidha zakti ke vivAda meM par3anA vyartha hai / syAdvAda ke aAzraya se mukhya (vidhi) pakSa dvArA gauNa / niSedhaH pakSa ko bhI abhivyakti hotI hai| vivakSita kI mukhyatA tathA avivakSita ko gauNatA hotI hai| ukta mukhya tathA gauNa donoM meM maMtrI hotI hai tathA syAtkAra pada ke zrAzraya 1. pratyakSamuni niSThureyaM pAdvAdamudrAhaThakaH ratante / __ anekAza; zabdAthopanItaM saMskRtya vizvaM mamamasta lannI / / - laghu tatva sphoTa a. = padya 15 girA vanAdhAnavidhAna detoH syAhAdamudraHmamRjastvameva / naDiya nAste tadatattva bhAvaM vadanti yAtu svayamaH balanta'; ! / -vahI. a. sa. padya 20 3. nasyAstaMgamanamanicchatA traye va syAtkArAyaNaguNAdvidhAna tim / mApekSyaM pravidhatA niSedhazattiAdattAsau stra rasa bharaMgA balgatI / / -vahI a, 18 padya labha tattva rUphoTa, a, 17, 'padma3, 18, 16. racAtkAra: kimu kurute satI satI vA sAdAnAma amubhI makA sthApitam / yadyasti bharasata eva mA kRtiH ki nAsatyAHkaraNAmaha prasahya muttam / / 17 / /

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dArzanika vicAra ] | 463 hai / amRtacandra se donoM apane artha ko vyakta karate haiN| isa prakAra syAtpada tathA syAdvAda kI mahimA zrAcArya amRtacandra ne pada pada para vyakta kI hai| sarvathA ekAMtavAdI vANI bhI jaba syAt pada se yukta hotI hai taba vaha pariSkRta ho jAtI hai. eka viSa ko vamana karatI hai tathA satyarUpa amRta kI varSA karatI tattvasphoTa nAmaka stotrakAvya meM to AcArya na samana kRti meM prAnta anekAMta tathA syAdvAda kI mahimA gAI hai / unakI mahimA kA nagAr3A bajAyA hai tathA anya Atma hitaiSIjanoM ko bhI anakAMta svarUpa kA syAdvAda ke mAdhyama se nagAr3A bajAne kI preraNA kI hai / ve likhate haiM ki svadravya ko apekSA vidhi tathA paradravya kI apekSA niSedha tathA isI prakAra svakSetra svakAla tathA svabhAva kI apekSA vidhi aura parakSetra parakAla parabhAva kI apekSA niSedha prakaTa kiyA jAtA hai| isa prakAra se prathama hI isa jagat meM, zabda joroM se merA bajAkara, nirvAdha rUpa se nijAtma svarUpa meM AcaraNa kreN| tArkika ziromaNi AcArya samaMtabhadra ne bhI syAdvAda ko nirdoSa kahA, kyoMki vaha kathaMcit artha ke vAcaka syAtpada sahita hai tathA 3. * zabdAnAM svayamunAmikArika zakti zaktAnAM svayamasano paro na tum na vyaktirbhavati kadAcanAri kintu syAdvAda caramantareNa tasya // 18 // ekasmAdapi vajraso dvayasyasiddhI kinnasvAda viphala itaraprayogaH / sAphalyaM yadiSunareti nAM tat ki phlezAya svayamunAyineyam // 16 // tanmukhyaM vidhiniyamadvayAmaduktaM syAdvAdazramaNoditastu gauNa : eka sminnuma mihAna yodhAraNe mukhyatva bhavati hi taddvayaprayogAt // 20 mukhyatvaM bhavati vinakSitasya sAkSAt goNatvaM yajati vivakSitoM na yaH syAt / ekasmiMstadikSito dvitIyo gauNatvaM dadhadupayAti mukhyasakhyam / / 21 / / dhattaM sa vidhiramita niSedhamaitrI sAkAka vahati vidhiniSedhatrANI / svAtkAraNa samarthitAtmavayAkhyAtI vidhiniyama nijArthamittham // 23 // - laghu tatra sphoTa a. 17 "atatvameva praNidhAnasauSThavAt taveza ! tattvapratipattaye param / viSaM vamantyo'pyAmRtaM bharanti yat pade pade myAspadasaMskRtA girA || 1 | - vahIM, 4. 20 svapAda vidhirayamacyA niSedhaH kSetrAdyaM rapi hi nijetaraH kramo' / seged: prathamami pratAya merI nirvAdha nijaviSaye carantu yadA / / laghu tantra sphoTa. 1825

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464 ] / prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva pratyakSa parokSarUpa dRSTa aura anumAna AgamarUpa iSTa pramANoM se aviruddha hai / ' isa prakAra amRtacandra ke syAvAda viSayaka dArzanika vicAra pUrvAcAryoM kI vicAra rAraNi kA hI anucaraNa karate haiM / syAvAda kA artha :-- ___ AcArya amRtacandra ne, syAdvAda kI AvazyakatA tayA mahattA ko jisa atizayatA se vyakta kiyA hai, usakA svarUpa spaSTIkaraNa bhI usI taraha jora dekara kiyA hai| unhoMne myAdAda kA partha dikhAkara upake sambandha meM kalpita pramoM kA bhI yathA saMbhava nirAkaraNa kiyA hai / lyAbAda meM mUlataH do zabda hai syAt tathA bAda / syAt kA artha hai kisI apekSA se kathana karanA / tArkika prAcArya prabhAcaMdra likhate haiM ki jisake dvArA pratipAdana kiyA jAya, vaha vAda kahalAtA hai tathA jisakA vAcaka zabda syAt ho vaha syAdvAda hai|' athavA myAt arthAt kathaMcit yA vivakSita prakAra se anekAMta rUpa se vadanA, vAda karanA, jama karanA, kahanA tathA pratipAdana karanA myAdvAda hai| syAt pada ke prayoga kA prayojana : syAdvAda meM prayukta manAta pada kA prayojana prAcArya amRtacandra kI dRSTi meM isa prakAra hai - vaha syAt pada sarvathApane kA niSedhaka hai, anekAMta kA dyotaka hai tathA kathaMcit yA kisI apekSA artha bodhaka avyaya ke rUpa meM prayukta hai| yahAM naha spaSTa hai ki sthAbAda meM prayukta syAt pada as dhAtu 1. "anavadyaH myAdAdamtava dRSTAvirodhataH syAvAdaH / inaro na syAdvAMdo sadvitana virodhAnmukhanIrA svAdvAdaH / / ___ -svayaMbhUstotra-vIna jinastuti, pa43 2. pAdyate pratigAmlone grenAsau bATaH -: syAditi vAdo vAcakaH zabdo yamyAne kAnyavAdasyo syAtAyaH / " -svayaMbhUtotra, TokA. : 26 "myAna kathaMci citrakSitaprakAreNAnekAMnarUpeNa vadanaM vAdo jalpa: kathana pratipAdana minI myAdAdaH / " . -samayasAra (nAtparya bRtti svAdAda adhikAra, A. agasena 4. "atra mantra yatvaniSedha kodomAnnadyogakaH kathaM cidatheM sthAcchado mipAla: / " -paMcAstikAya gA. 15 kI ganaya vyAkhyA TIkA /

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dArzanika vicAra ] / 465 kA vidhiliMka kA anya puruSa ekavacana kA rUpa nahIM hai apitu syAt pada avyaya yA nipAta zabda hai| jisakA viziSTa prathaM "kisI apekSA yA kathaMcit / "syAt'' pada saMzayavAcI 'zAyada" artha kA sUtraka bhI nahIM hai apita nizcita, kisI eka prakSiA kA prakAzaka evaM nirNAyaka hai| isalie syAt pada ke sAtha "eva' pada kA prayoga bhI hotA hai jo dRr3hatA kA sUcaka hai, saMzaya kA nahIM / prAcArya amRtacandra ne spaSTa kiyA hai ki anaMtadhamA vAle dravya ke eka eka dharma kA prAzraya lekara vivakSita tathA avivakSita rUpa vidhi-niSedha ke dvArA gaptabhaMgI prakaTa hotI hai, aisI saptabhaMgamayI vANI kA nirantara mamyaka rUpa se upacAra kiye jA , salArasa nogamaM pada ke dvArA, "eva" kAra meM rahane vAle samasta virodha rUpa viSa ke moha ko dUra kiyA jAtA hai / isa prakAra syAt pada kA nihita arthaM evaM mAhAtmya spaSTa ho jAtA hai / jisa prakAra vibhinna dezoM meM pracalita sikkoM para usa deza kI nirdhArita mudrA apita hotI hai usase sikke kI dazoyatA tathA satyatA pramANita hoto hai, usI prakAra jinendra kI vANI bhI syAt pada kI mudrA se aMkita hotI hai| athavA janazruta yA jinavANI ko pahicAna hI syAt pada hai| usase vANI kI satyatA pramANita hotI hai / amRtacandra ke syAta pada evaM syAdvAda viSayaka ukta vicAra purvAcAyoM kI tarkaNA evaM dArzanika vicAraNA ke ho nimvanda haiN| prAcArya samantabhadra ne bhI syAt pada ko avyaya (nipAta) artha meM prayuka, anekAta kA dyotaka tathA vivakSita (bodhya) artha kA bodhaka likhA hai| sAtha hI use sarvathA ekAMta ...cAnantavamogA dravya svara camamAzritya vivakSitAvivakSitavidhi pratiSezabhyAmataratto nabhadAyamAvinAmadhAnnasamuccAmANasyAtkArAmo-gha mannapadana mamastamaNi vipratipaMdhaviSamohamudasyati / " __ -pravacanasAra gAya! 115 jAta. pra. TIkA 2. vaha kila sakalodbhAsisyA:pada mudrita zAda brahmopAsa najanmA ......." -samavasAra gA. '5 kI TIkA 3. svasti syAdvAda mudritAya jainendrAya zabdabrahmaNe pravacanasAra gA 12 kI TIkA 4. vAkyeSvanekAMtadyonI gamyaM prati vizeSaNam / nyATipAte'rtha yogitvAttaH kalinAmapi // -devAgama stotra, aparanAma thAlamImAsA /

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466 ! | AcArya zramRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva. kA tyAgI hone se ki" zabda se niSpanna kathaJcit artha kA paryAyavAcI likhA hai | vaha syAdvAda saptabhaMgoM, nayoM tathA heya upAdeya kI apekSAoM ko prakaTa karatA hai / " ukta saptabhaMgoM kA spaSTIkaraNa bhI prAcArya amRtacaMdra meM aneka prakAra se kiyA hai / saptabhaMga rUpa nyAya : yadyapi saptabhaMga rUpa nyAya kA saMkSipta ulekha prAcArya kundakunda ne prasaMgopAtta kiyA hai tathApi usakA vizeSa spaSTokaraNa evaM prayAga AcArya mRtacandra se apanI TIkAoM tathA anya racanAoM meM kiyA hai| ve eka sthala para dravyAdeza se prayukta saptabhaMgI kA nirdeza karate hue likhate haiM :- dravya " syAt grasti" hai (1) dravya " syAt nAsti " hai (2) dravya " syAt zrasti aura nAsti" hU~ (3) dravya " syAt avaktavya" hai (4), dravyasyAt asti thora avaktavya" hai ( 5 ) dravya "syAt nAsti aura avaktavya" hai (6), aura dravya "syAt asti aura nAsti aura avaktavya" hai (7) isa prakAra dravya sAta bhaMga vAlA hai | 3 ukta saptabhaMgAtmaka dravya svarUpa kI tathA pratyeka bhaMga ko siddhi isa svakSetra, prakAra hotI hai| prathama bhaMga dravya " syAt masti" jo svadravya svakAla tathA svabhAva ina dravya ke svacatuSTaya kI apekSA vicAra karane para siddha hotA hai tathA dvitIya bhaMga dravya syAt nAsti hai arthAt paradravya, parakSetra' parakAla tathA parakAla tathA parabhAva dravya ke paracatuSTaya kI apakSA 1. svAdvAdaH sarvakantu tyAgAt kiM vRtta-cid-vidhi bhaMga nayopekSa mA''zya- vizeSakaH / / 104 // tiya asthitha uhavaM andhatta puNo ya talikSyaM // dabaM santamaMga AsavaseNa saMbhavadi // 14 // 5 - devAga strIbha - paMca vikAya atra pasyAdeza vazenoktaH saptabhaMgI / syAdasti dravyaM tyAnnAsti dravyaM, nyAdasti ca nAsti ca dravyaM sAdavakta dravyaM, spAdanaktanyaM dravyaM svAdasti cAktavya ca dravyaM, spAmAsti cAvakam ca dravyaM syAdasti ca nAsti caravaktavyaM dravyamiti // " 1 paMcAstikAya samaya, vyAkhyA TIkA gAthA 14.

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dArzanika vicAra vicAra karane para dvitIya bhaMga kI siddhi hotI hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki jo dazya spasvarUpa catumnya se masti khapa hai tathA vahI dranya parasvarUpa catuSTaya se nAsti rUpa hai| tRtIya bhaMga astinAsti rUpa hai jisakI siddhi -vacatuSTaya tathA paracatuSTaya apekSA kramazaH kathana karane para hotI hai / caturtha bhaMga pravaktavya kA hai arthAt dravya kA kathana svacatuSTaya tathA paraca tuSTaya kI apekSA se bugapat ho sakanA saMbhava nahIM hai, ataH dravya syAt pravaktavya hai| paMcama bhaMga siddhi prathama tathA caturtha bhaMga kI yugapata prapekSA se hotI hai ati dravya svacatuSTaya meM hai (asti , tathA sva tathA paracatuSTaya kI yugapata apekSA se baktavya nahIM hai arthAta pravaktavya.. prata dravya syAt ati tathA abaktavya hai / paSTha bhaMga kA nirmANa dvitIya tathA caturtha bhaMga ke mela se hotA arthAt paracatuSTaya apekSA tathA sva-paracatuSTaya kI apekSA dravya syAta nAsti abaktavya hai aura sA' kA nirmANa garI aura natarthamaMga ke saMyoga se hotA hai / arthAta svacatuSTaya se, paranatuSTaya se tathA strapara catuSTaya se kathama karane para dravya asti aura nAsti aura vaktavya hai / uparokta saptabhaMga rUpa kathana prasiddha bhI nahIM hai kyoMki sarva vastu svarUpAdi se anya haiM, pararUpAdi se zUnya hai, donoM me prazUnya tathA zUnya hai, donoM eka hI avAcya haiM, anva bhaMgoM ke saMyoga se kathana karane para azUnya tth| avAcya haiM, zUnya aura avAcya hai tathA azUnya, zUnya aura avAdhya haiN|' isa prakAra eka ho vastu ke sApekSa kathana meM sapta bhaMgoM kI siddhi hotI hai| "eva" kAra kA prayoga : ukta saptabhaMgoM meM jahAM sabhI ke sAtha svAt pada kA prayoga hotA hai, vahIM sabhI bhaMgoM ke sAtha "eva" kAra pada bhI prayukta humA hai / syAt pada jahAM sarvathA ekAMta abhiprAya ko dUra karatA hai, vahIM para "eva" pada vastu ke vivakSita iSTa artha kI prApti tathA aniSTa artha kI nirAkRti ke lie 1. cAritavAya gaav|kii TonA / 2. "spAdana, svAnA hAva, spAvata yamana, svAdAnAstyeva, syAdamtyavaktavyame, nAstyavaktavyAne va . smaadstinaastyvktaamd|" -pravacanasAra gA. 115 TIkA

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468 ! | AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva prayukta hotA hai / yaha mAnanA bhI bhrama hI hai ki kisI kathana meM "hI" evakAra kA prayoga mithyA ekAMtavAcI hai / evaM "hI" kA prayoga mithyA ekAMta kA sUcaka nahIM balki samma ekAMta kA grAhaka hai / samyak ekAMta samyak yAMta sAkSa hI hotA hai / syAt pada samyaka anekAMta ko tathA eva pada samyak ekAMta kA banAtA hai| mokSamArgI ke lie samparka pada vibhUSita ekAMta tathA anekAMta donoM iSTa evaM pujya haiN| samyak anakAMta pramANa rUpa hai arthAt eka hI vastu meM rahane vAle aneka dharmoM ke svarUpa ko viSaya karane vAlA, yA prakAzana karane vAlA samyak anekAMta hai / jabaki samyak ekAMta naya rUpa hai yakSat tu ke vivikSata eka dharma kA grAhaka-prakAzaka naya dhammaka ekAMta hai / (2 grataH spaSTa hai ki nayAtmaka nirUpaNa meM "hI" pada kA prayoga karane se anartha na hokara, anartha kA niSedha hotA hai evaM nirNaya kI dRr3hatA prakaTa hotI hai / isa sambandha meM jayadhavalAkAra ne spaSTa kiyA hai ki jitane bhI zabda haiM, unameM svabhAva se hI etrakAra kA artha rahatA hai, isalie kAra kA prayoga iSTa ke avadhAraNa ke lie hotA hai / jisa prakAra prabhA aMdhakAra kA nAza karatI hai usI prakAra zabda dUsare ke artha kA nirAkaraNa karatA hai / aura apane artha ko kahatA hai / " syAdvAda ke sambandha meM bhrAMtiyAM : 1. vAkpe'vadhAraNaM tAvadaniSTArthaM nivRttaye / samatvAttasya kucit // karttavyamanyayA --zloka kArtika 2/1/6 phloka 52 (jainendra si. koza, bhAga 4 pR 503 ) ekatra pratipakSAne dharmasvarUpanirUpaNa yuktyAgamAyAmaviruddhaH sabhyayanekAMtaH / - rAjanAtika 1/6/7 (je. si. kozamAna | pR. 128 ) giraH sarvAH svabhAvataH | abhUte evakAra prayogo yamiSTatAM niyamAya saH / / 3. kucha vicArakoM ne syAdvAda meM prayukta syAt pada kA artha zAyada 1. tirI rastA svArtha kathayati zratiH / movI bhAsyaM vathA bhAsayati prabhA / - kapAya pAhuDa 11, 13-14 janendra si. koza- bhAga 4 pR. 503 DA. baladeva upAdhyAya bhAratIya darzana pR. 155 na syAt kA artha zAyada tathA saMbhavataH kiyA hai| (jevadarzana pU. 526) DA. devarAja jI ne "pUra pazcimI darzana" ke pR. 65 parasyAn za kA kadAcit artha kiMga hai, jo kAlavAdI hai tathA zramapUrNa hai| (jaina darzana pR. 531)

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dArzanika vicAra [ 466 karake myAdAma ko zAyadavAda saMzayavAda athavA anizcayavAda aura saMbhAvanA vAda kA bodhaka mAnA hai, jo bhramapUrNa hai| ukta samAta bhramoM kI jar3a syAt pada kA nizcita nihita artha na karake anya artha kI kalpanA karanA hai / AcArya amRlacandra ne ukta bhrAMti ko dUra karane hetu syAt pada ko nipAta tathA "kisI apekSA" artha kA paryAyavAcI liyA hai / syAt pada kA prartha aMgrejI kA parahepsa"5 athavA "meM bI" na hokara 'kAma sama pyAiMTa grApha nhayu' hai| sthAhAda kA yArtha bhAva grahaNa kA phala : prAcArya pragRtacandra ne nyAvAda ko yathArtha samajhane kA mahAna phala pradazana karate hue likhA hai ki prAnaMdAmRta ke pUra me bharAra pravahamAna kaivalya saritA meM jo DabA hai. jagat ko dekhane meM samartha mahAvidana rUpa lakSmI jisameM pramubaI. jo uttama ratna kiraNa kI bhAMti atyaMta spaSTa aura iSTa. aise prakAzamAna nijatana ko jagat jana syAtkAra lakSaNa vAle jinendra zAsana ke prAthapa se prAzana kreN| jo puruSa syAdvAda meM kuzala tathA saMpara meM zuzthita hote haiM, ve nitya apane svarUpa ko bhAte hue, jJAna tathA kriyAnaya meM mitratA sthApita karate hue jAnavabhAvI nijAtmadravya kI bhUmikA ko prApta karate haiN| prAcArya amRtacandra ne syAdvAya zalI meM vastu svarUpa kI anekAMtAtmakatA siddha karane meM vizeSa paddhatA pradarzita kI hai| samayamAra kI prAtmakhyAti TIkA ke prata meM AtmA kI agaka zaktiyoM meM - - - - - - 1, "Perhaps'' 2. 'May he 3. Brown Somu Point of View. prAnaMdAnapUranirbhara vakavalya kallolinI, nirmagnaM jaga dokSaNakSamamahAsaMvedana zrImumbam / syAtkArA kajinezazAsanavazAdAsAdayantulanasan svaM tattvaM vRttajAraparana piraNapraspaSTamiSaH janAH / / -tattvapradIpikA, riziSTa, pR 415 5. tyAdvAdakauzalasunizcalasaMyamAbhyAM yo bhAvayatyahAhAH jamihopayuktaH / jJAnakriyAnavaparasparatIvamaitrI pAtrIkRtaH ayati bhUmimi / sa ekaH / / -samayasAra kalaza, 267

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470 / / prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktisva evaM kartRtva se 47 zaktiyoM kA :paSTa vivecana kiyA hai| pravacanasAra kI tasvIpikA vyAkhyA ke aMta meM nayAtmaka kathanoM dvArA, 47 nayoM ke grAzraya se prAtmA kI anekAntAtmakanA padarzita kI hai| paMcAstikAya kI samayavyAkhyA TIkA ke aMta meM nizcaya tathA vyavahAra ke ekAMta kA nirAkaraNa evaM samyaka mArga kA prakAzana kriyA hai| puruSArthasiyupAya maulika kRti ke aMta meM dahI mathana gAlI gopikA , mAhAra likhA ki jisa prakAra gopikA mathAjI kI rassI ke eka chora ko khIMcanI hai tathA dUsare chora ko zithila karatI hai tathA ala meM sArataHca na no prApta karatI hai, usI prakAra eka naya (dravyAthika) ko mukhya karake, dUsare nA paryAyAdhika) ko gauNa karake vastusvarUpa kI prApti karAne vAlI jananIna zAdAda-pratataH jayavanta hotI hai / isa prakAra syAtkAra lakSmI ke nivAsa ke vazIbhata rahane vAle naya samajhoM se dekhane para bhI aura pramANaSTi se dekhane para bhI spaSTa anaMtA vA nija pAna kA ataraMga meM zuddha vimAtra hI dakhate haiN| nimitta - upAdAna AtmahitaiSI ko jisa prakAra nizcaya-vyavahAra tathA anekAMta myAdAda samajhanA jarUrI hai, unheM samajhe binA use bastusvarUpa kA yathArtha parijJAna nahIM ho sakatA / usI prakAra use nimitta-upAdana ko bhI samajhanA atyAvazyaka hai, unheM samajhe vinA parAzrita (athavA nimittAdhIna dRSTi kA parityAga nahIM ho sakatA tathA svAzrita (athavA upAdAnAdhIna) dRSTi prakaTa nahIM ho sktii| svAthita dRSTi bane binA svAdhIna mokSa sukha kI prApti to dUra hI raho. nija zuddhAtma svarUpa kA darzana athavA samyagdarzana kI bhI prApti nahIM ho sakatI / samyagdarzana kI prApti binA mokSamArga kI zuruvAta bhI nahIM ho sakatI aura samyagjJAna tathA samya cAritra ko sthiti vRddhi tathA phala prApti honA - - 1. kerakarvayanto palathayantI yastu tatvaminaraMga / antena gAti jainI nItimaMnyAnane amivagogI / / 225 pR. si. | syAkAra zrIvA gavasyanayodheH, pazAntotthaM cen pramANe trApi / pazyantyeva prasphuTAgantavamalvAtmadradhyaM zuddhani mAtramannaH / / 16 / / -pravacanasAra ttvdiipikaa|

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dArzanika vicAra | [ 47 1 asaMbhava hai / ataH anya viSayoM kI bhAMti nimitta upAdAna ko yathArtha samanA mokSamArgI kA parama karttavya hai / prAcArya amRtacandra ne ukta viSaya para bhI pUrvAcAryo kI dArzanika vicAradhArA kA hI vizeSataH spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai| ukta donoM ko grAma meM nimitta kAraNa tathA upAdAna kAraNa ke nAma se vyavahRta kiyA hai / kAraNa kA svarUpa : jisake hone para hI jo hotA hai, nahIM hone para nahIM hotA, vaha usakA kAraNa kahalAtA hai / kArya kI utpAdaka sAmagrI ko bhI kAraNa kahate haiM / 3 kAraNa do prakAra ke hote haiM prathama - nirmita kAraNa, dvitIya upAdAna kAraNa 1 nimitta kAraNa kA lakSaNa : jo kAraNa svayaM to kAryarUpa na pariName, kiMtu kArya kI utpatti meM sahAyaka ho usako nimitta kAraNa kahate haiM, jaise bar3e kI unti meM bhikAra, daMDa, cakra Adi / nimitta kAraNa ko "parayoga" bhI kahate nirmita kAraNa ke paryAyavAcI nAma : Agama meM pratyaya, kAraNa tathA nimitta ko ekArthavAcI likhA hai / " isake atirikta sAta sahakArI urakArI, upagrAhaka, Azraya, Alambana, // 2. 3. 4 5. : vidyAvRtam bhUpitavRddhiphalodamAH / na tyati namyaktve bIjAbhAve taroriva / / 32 / / - saMgatabhadrAcArya kRta ratnakaraNDa zrAvakacAra | yantra snin satyeva bhavati nAsati tat tasya kAraNamiti / jaina siddhAnta pravezikA praznottara naM. 402 vahIM, praznottara 407 "hai nimitta parayoga meM anyo anAdi banAva " - vala pu. 12 pR. 206. - yA bhagavatIdAsa kRta "nimittanAzana saMvAda" padya 3 pratyavaH kAraNaM nimittamityanantaram - sarvArthasiddhi 1 21, 125. 7. si. ko 2 pR. 606 )

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4.72 : ! prAcArya amRtacandra vyaktitya : eva vArtRtva anugrAhaka, utpAdaka, preraka, abhivyaMjaka Adi zabdoM kA nimittakAraNa ke lie prayoga bhI hotA hai / ' anyatra bandhaka, pariNAma, upakAraka, sahAyaka, AdhAra nimitta prAzraya nimitta, udAsIna nimitta Adi paryAyavAcI nAmoM kA bhI ulemma hai / svayaM prAcArya amRtacandra ne nimitta ke lie kAraNa, hanu, nimitakartA,5, hetUka , vahiraMga sAdhana" udAsInakAraNa, AzrayakAraNa udAsIna hetu nimitta mAtra prAdi zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA / nimitta kAraNa ke bheda : uparokta aneka prakAra ke nimittoM ko mukhyataH do bhedoM meM samAhita kiyA jA sakatA hai / ve do bheda haiM prayoga gaura vinasA / inhIM ko preraka nimitta tathA udAsIna nimina bhI kahA jAtA hai| praravaH nimitta ke lie zarmA nibhisa, utpAdaka nimitta, pariNAmaka nimitta ityAdi zabdoM kA prayoga hotA hai| jahAM prajJAnI jIva kI yogarUpa pravRtti aura vijJApa nimitta hotA hai vahAM use preraka yA prayoga nimitta kahate haiM, tathA jahAM vibhAbapariNata jIva aura padgalAdi taya nimitta hote haiM vahAM use vistrasA yA udAsIna nimitta kahA jAtA hai| u bAla kA saMketa pAcAyaM amRtacaMdra ne bhI kiyA hai eka mthala para meM likhate haiM ki jisa prakAra gatipariNata bAyu, patAkAoM ke matipariNAna kA hetu gartA dekhA jAtA hai, vaisa hI dharmadrA hetakartA nahIM dekhA jAtA, kyoMki vaha paramArtha se parispaMda lakSaNa kriyA se rahita hone ke kAraNa bhI gati kriyA ko prApta nahIM hotA hai, 1. janendra niddhAMta koza- bhAga 2 pR. 610 / 5. janatatvamImAMzA-dvitIya saMsmaraNa pR. 56 3. lAtasya sphoTa-pra. 15 4, zamalatAra gAyA // 32 se 136 kI prAramakhyAti TokA / 5. vI. mAthA 900 ko aAtmaNati ttiikaa| 6. panAri kAya gAyaH 88, samayadhyAkhyA TIkA / 5. pravattAralAra, tvadIpikA gAthA 25 8. paMcAlita kAya gAthA 88 TokA / 6. vahI, gAthA .93, 14 10. aAmakhyAri gAthA 60 kI utthAnikA /

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dArzanika vicAra ] [ 473 isalie sahakArI kAraNarUpa se dUsaroM se dUsaroM kI gati kriyA kA karttA kaise ho sakatA hai ? arthAt nahIM ho sakatA / kintu machaliyoM ko jisa prakAra jala grAzraya kAraNamAtra hai usI prakAra jIva pudgaloM kA prAzrayamAtra hone se vaha dharmadravya bhI gati meM udAsIna nimitta hotA hai / " isa prakAra nimitta ke mukhyata: do bheda kiye gaye haiN| saMkSepa meM kahA jAya to praka nimitta tre nimitta haiM jo apane Apa meM kriyAzIla sakriya raha kara anya vastu ke pariNamana meM anukUla hote haiM tathA udAsIna nimitta ve haiM jo apane zrApa meM kiyA rahita - niSkriya raha kara anya vastu ke pariNamana meM anukUla rahate haiM / nimitta kAraNa kArya kA niyAmaka nahIM hotA : nimitta kAraNa kArya kA niyAmaka yA kartA kadApi nahIM hotA kyoMki vaha paradravya ke kAryarUpa pariNamana kI zakti se rahita hai| usameM paradravya rUpa pariNamana karane kI yogyatA hI nahIM hotI / jisa vastu maiM svayaM kI pariNamana zakti yA bogyatA na ho, usameM anya vastu yogyatA paMdA nahIM kara sakatI / isalie nimitta kAraNa kArya kA kartA yA niyAmaka nahIM honA hai| kArya kI ki do meM vana zakti yA yogyatA hI hotI haiM / apanI hI yogyatA se pratyeka dravya apane pariNamana kA kartA hai tathA jIva ke rAgAdi bhAvoM pariNAmoM) kA nimittamAtra prApta kara pudgala skaMdha svayaM hI karmarUpa meM pariNamana karate haiN| aisA kathana anyatra bhI upalabdha hotA hai / isameM nimitta ko bahiraMga sAdhanarUpa ?. 2. 4. "yathA hi gatipariNataH prabhaJjano vaijantInAM gatipariNAmasya hetukartA'valo kyale na tathA dharmaH / sa khalu niSkriyatvAt na kadAcidapi gati pariNAmameva Ayate / kuto'sya sahakAritvena pareSAM gatipariNAmasya hetukartRtvam / kintu salilamitra matsyAnAM jIvapudgalAnAmAzrayakAra mAtra nAMdAsIna ega prasaro bhavati / " paMcAstikAya, grA. pada kI TIkA na hi svato'sI zaktiH katu'bhanyena pAryate / samayasAra gA. 118, 11. jIvataM pariNAma nimittamAtraM prapadya punaraye / svava pariNamanne pumanAH karmabhAvena / / 12 / / . si. / / "jIvapariNAmamA bahiraMgasAdhanamAzritya jIvaM pariNamayitAramantareNApi karmasvapariNamanazatiyoginaH pudgalaskaMdhAH svayameva karmabhAvena pariNamanti / - prabacanamAra gA. 160 TIkA /

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474 ] [ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva likhA, sAtha hI nimitta kArya kA karAne vAlA - pariNamAne bAlA nahIM hai isa bAta kA bhI ukha kiyA hai| yahA~ yaha bAta spaSTa hotI hai ki pudgala skaMdhoM meM karma rUpa se pariNamana kI zakti svayaM kI hai ataH pudagala skaMdhoM meM jo kamaidazA rUpa kArya utpanna hajhA, usakA upAdAna kAraNa to tadapa pariNamana zakti sampanna pudgala skaMdha hI hai| usa zakti se hI, pudgala va ArmarUpa pariNabhA haiM - yaha batAna ke liye amRtacandra ne "svayameva" pada kA prayoga kiyA hai tathA tadrapa (karma bhAva rUpa) pariNamana zakti se rahita athavA gudagalara kaMdhoM ko karmarUpa pariNamAne kI zakti se rahita jIva ko pariNAma uma pariNAma ke nimittamAtra hai| isI prakAra jIva bhI nizcaya se apane caitanyasvarUpa rAgAdi bhAvoM se svayaM pariNamana karate haiM kyoMki unameM bhI vaise pariNamana kI svayaM kI ki unake pariNamana meM prAkamA~ kA udaya nimitta mAtra hotA hai, vaha rAgAdi bhAva karAtA nahIM hai|' pariNamana meM vizeSatA - vicitratA bhI nimittoM ke kAraNa nahIM hotI : jo pudgalaskaMdha karma rUpa pariNamana karate haiM, ve pATha prakAra ke vicitra parimaNana karate haiN| ina ATha prakAroM ko hI jJAnavaraNI, darzanAvaraNI, vedanIya, mohanIya, prAyu, nAma, gotra tathA aMtarAya ye mAma vyabahuta haiN| ina AThoM prakAroM ke 148 uttarotara prakAra hote hai ata: pudgala rakaMdha 148 prakAra se vizeSatA - vicitratA ko prApta karate haiM, isa vicitrapariNamana kA bhI kAraNa pudgalarakaMdhoM kI svayaM kI pariNAma zakti hai / AtmA unakA kartA nahIM hai, nimittamAtra hai / isase spaSTa hai ki samasta kAryoM kI niyAmaka zakti samasta dravyoM meM nihita apanI apanI tattatkAlIna yogyatA hI hai / kisI prakAra kA nimitta parasaMyoga mAtra hai / 1. "parimapamAna vitazvinAmaH svayamapi svarbhAvaH / bhavati hinimittamAtraM podgalika karma tasyApi / / 13 // pu. mi. 1 // 'adAyamAtmA rAgar3he payazIkRtA zubhAzu bhAvena pariNati tadA anya yoga dvAreNa pravintaH karmapudgalAH svayametrasamupAta vaicitryAnAdharaNAdi bhAvaH pariNamanne / asvabhAva kRtaM karmaNA vaMcizyaM na punarAtmAm / -pravacanasAra gA. 187 TIkA /

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dArzanika vicAra ] [ 475 prerakanimisa bhI kArya kA niyAmaka nahIM hai : nimitta-upAdAna ke yathArtha jJAna se rahita bahuta se jana to sarvanimittoM ko hI kArya kA kartA mAnakara bhrAMtivazAt anaMtasaMsAra meM paribhramaNa karate haiM, yaha to unakI sthUla bhUla hai hI, kintu kucha loga udAsIna nimitta ko kArya kA kartA nahIM mAnate aura preraka nimitta ko kArya kA preraka niyAmaka - vizeSatA paidA karane vAlA mAnate haiM, parantu yaha bhI eka sthUla bhUla hai / mula kA kAraNa "preraka" zabda kA yathArtha artha na samajhanA hai| preraka nimitta yathArtha meM paradravya kI kriyA kA preraka nahIM hotA, apitu svayaM meM sakriya hokara paradravya ke pariNamana meM anukUla hotA hai / sakriyapanA vAstava meM anya pradeza kI prApti ko kAraNarUpa parispandana kriyA hai| baha kriyA jIva tathA pUdagala do prakAra ke dravyoM meM hotI hai ataH ye do dravya sakriya kahalAte haiM / the hI parispanda kriyA yukta hokara anya dravya kI svayameva hotI huI kriyA meM anukUla hone ke kAraNa preraka nimittapane kI saMjJA prApta karate haiM tathA zeSa cAra dravya dharma, adharma, AkAza tathA kAla ye parispandana-kSetrAMtara rUpa kriyA se rahita hone se niSkriya yA udAsIna nimitta ke rUpa meM vyavahRta hote haiN| ataH nimittoM ke do bheda preraka tathA udAsIna, sva-sApekSa haiN| niSkriya kI udAsIna tathA sakriya ko preraka kahate haiN| paradravya kI kriyA - paryAya meM preraka nimitta kucha nahIM karate / yadi yAgama meM kahIM unheM paradravya kA preraka bhI likhA ho to use kevala upacAra kathana mAtra jAnanA cAhie, paramArtha nahIM / ukta tathya kA samarthana prAcArya pUjyavAda se nimna zabdoM se bhI hotA hai ki ajJAnI ko jJAnI nahIM kiyA jA sakatA tathA jJAnI ko ajJAnI nahIM banAyA jA sakatA / anya dravya to usake nimitta mAtra hI hote haiM jisa prakAra dharmAstikAya gati meM nimittamAtra hai| isa taraha spaSTa hai ki donoM prakAra 1. "degAta prAptihetuH parispaMdanarUpaparyAyaH kriyA / tapa sakriyA bahiraGgasAdhanena sahabhUtA: jIyA:, skriy| bahiraGgasAdhanena sahabhUtAH pudgalAH / niSkyimA kAgaM, niSkriyodharma:, distriyo'dharmaH. niSkriyaH kAlaH / " -paMcAstikAya gAthA - TIkA. nAjJo vijJatvamAyaHni vizo nAzatvamakchati / nimittamAtra anyasta gate dharmAstikAyavan // iSyopadeza, padya 35. samayasAra gAthA 84 "kulAlaH kalama karoti -anubhavani ceti kokAnAmanAdikosti taaydnyvhaarH|" tathA gAthA 106-107 kI TIkA /

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476 ] | AcArya amRtacandra vyaktitva evaM kartRtva ke nimitta kArya ke yathArthataH kartA niyAmaka nahIM hote / samudra meM utpanna taraMgAvasthA meM havA kA calanA nimitta hai tathA niSta raMgAvasthA meM havA kA na calanA nimitta hai| havA kA calanA yaha sakriya preraka nimitta hai, aura havA kA na calanA yaha udAsIna nimitta hai; tathApi havA kA samudra ke sAtha vyApyavyApaka bhAva kA prabhAva hone se unameM kartA - karmapane kI prasiddhi hai / samudra svayaM hI taraMgAvasthA meM antayapika hokara uttaraMga tathA nistaraMga avasthAoM ko svayaM hI kartA hai |" apane kArya kA kartA samudra, para kA kArya nahIM karatA hai, ataH siddha hai ki preraka prAdi samasta nimitta kArya ke niyAmaka nahIM hai / nimiza ko apekSA upAdAna se sampanna kArya ko naimittika kahate haiM 1 nimitta kI apekSA upAdAna ko hI naimittika kahate haiM / nimitta upAdAna ko dUsare zabdoM meM nimittanaimittika nAma se bhI vyavahRta kiyA jAtA hai| nimittanaimitika sambandha meM bhI nimittanaimittika kA kartA nahIM hotA, kyoMki vyApya vyApaka bhAva ke binA kartA-karma saMbaMdha ghaTita nahIM hotA / nimitta naiminika meM pravyApaka hai ataH nimitta naimitika bhAva kA kartA nahIM hai / una donoM meM nimittanaimittika sambandha mAtra ghaTita hotA hai| nimittanaimittika sambandha meM bhI donoM apane apane pariNAma ke kartA hote haiM, koI kitI ke pariNAma ke kartA nahIM, kyoMki apana bhAva se apanA bhAva kiyA jAtA hai. apane bhAva se parabhAva kadApi nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / jaise miTTI apane bhAvarUpa ghaTa ko karatI hai parantu parabhAva rUpa paTa (vastra ko nahIM krtii| usI prakAra jIva, jIvabhAva ko karatA hai| jIva pudgalakarma bhAva kA kartA nahIM hai, kintu nimittamAtra hai| isI prakAra pudgalakarmodaya jIvabhAva kA kartA nahIM hai, nimittamAtra hai, ataH nimittanaimittika apane apane bhAva ke kartA hai, parabhAva ke kartA nhiiN| unameM paraspara meM samakAla kAryapanA tathA anukulatA dekhakara hI nimittanaimittika sambandha mAnA gayA hai| dusare zabdoM meM nimitta ko naimilika kA akartA kahA gayA hai| vAstava meM nimittamilika athavA nimitta upAdAna sambandha do dravyoM meM hotA hai, jabaki kartA karma sambandha eka hI dravya meM hotA hai / AcArya amRtacandra ke ukta dArzanika vicAroM kI pramANatA prAcAryazreSTha zrAcArya kundakunda ke vacanoM 5. samayasAra 3 kI TIkA / samayasAra gA8ra kI TIkA N

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dArzanika vicAra { 477 se bhI hotI hai| unhoMne to spaSTa ghopita kiyA hai ki jIva ke pariNAma ke nimitta se pudgala karmarUpa meM pariNamita hote haiM tathA pudgala karma ke nimitta se jIva bhI pariNamana karatA hai| jIva, vArma ke guNoM ko nahIM karatA, usI taraha karma, jIva ke guNoM ko nahIM ka tA. parantu parampara nimitta se donoM ke pariNAma jAnanA caahie| isI kAraNa grAtmA apana hI bhAva kA karatA hai aura pudgala-karmakRta sabhI bhAvoM kA kartA nahIM hai / nizcaya naya kA aisA mata hai ki grAtmA apane ko hI karatA hai, tathA apana ko hI bhogatA hai - aisA jAnanA cAhie / vyavahAra naya kA yaha kathana hai ki AtmA aneka prakAra ke pudgala vArmoM ko karatA hai tathA unhIM aneka prakAra ke pudgala kamoM ko bhogatA hai| yahAM dhyAna rahe ki vyabahAra naya kA kathana anAdirUr3ha jagat vyavahAra hai, vaha kathana yathArtha nahIM hai / yadi vyavahAra naya ke kathana ko yathArtha mAnakara prAtmA ko pRdaMgala karma kA kartA tathA bhokA mAnA jAve to AtmA hikriyA meM abhinna ThaharegA, kintu aisA dvikriyApanA jinendra mata sammata nahIM hai / nimitta ko upAdAna kI kriyA kA kartA mAnane meM dvipriyA vAdI mithyAiSTipanA pragaTa hotA hai| kArya kI sampannatA meM nimitta ko dUSaNa dene kA phala : nimitta ko niyAmaka yA kArya kA kartA mAnane vAle grAtmA meM gagAdi kI utpatti kA kAraNa kamodaya ko mAnate haiM ataH ve rAgAdi kI utpati meM karma ko doSa dete haiN| parantu rAgAdi kI utpatti meM karmodaya rUpa nimittoM ko doSa denA ajJAnatA hai| prAcArya amRtacandra nimitta ko doSa dene kA pariNAma ghoSita karate hue likhate haiM ki jo prAtmA rAgAdi kI utpatti meM nimitta pa paradradhya !va.modaya) ko doSa lagAte haiM, ve zuddhAtma svarUpa ke jJAna se rahita haiN| tathA ne moharUpI nadI ko pAra nahIM karate hai| arthAta ve miyAtva meM hI par3e rahate haiM 1 yahAM yaha bhI spaSTa hai ki jisa prakAra vikArI bhAboM kI utpatti meM nimittoM ko dUSaNa denA bhala hai, usI prakAra kisI anya kArya kI utpatti kA zreya nimittoM ko denA bhI bhUla hI hai, kyoMki kAyotpatti meM bAhya hA yA nimitta aMkicitkara hai| isa sandarbha me paMcAdhyAyIkAra rapaSTa likhA hai ki bhatijJAna ke samaya eka prAtmA hI unakA upAdAna kAraNa hai| deha, indriya aura indriya-viSaya to kevala bAhya kAraNa haiM isalie veM ahata vA samAna hai 1. samayamAra gAthA E0 se 86takA / 2. samayasAra kanaza 221 3. paMvAdhyAgI, a. 2, paca 351.

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478 / / prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRttva isase yaha bAta bhI siddha hotI hai ki zarIra tathA apane apane viSaya sahita pA~co indriyA~ aAtmA ke jJAna aura sukha ko utpanna karane meM akiJcitkara haiN|' niminoM kI akiJcitkaratA kA kAraNa prAcArya amRtacandra ne spaSTa likhA hai ki samasta dravyoM kA anya dravyoM ke sAtha utpAdya-utpAdaka bhAva kA prabhAva hai 2 ataH nimitta, upAdAna kI paryAya ko utpanna kara yaha kadApi saMbhava nahIM hai / astu / nimisa meM bAhya hetutA kI svIkRti : yadyapi sama ta hI kArya upAdAna gata yogyatA se hI sampanna hote haiM, nimitoM kA kAMpanA unameM asaMbhava hai, tathApi nimittoM kI manidhi kA niSedha bhI sambhava nahIM hai| pratyeka kArya yA upAdAna kA nimitta avazya hotA hai, parantu nimitta, upAdAma kA kartA nahIM hotaa| yadi ekAMta rUpa se niminoM ko nahIM svIkArA jAve to bhI advaita ekAMta kA prasaMga upasthita hogaa| sAtha hI zrAtmA meM hone vAle rAgAdi bhAvoM ke nimittoM kA niSedha kiyA jAne para rAgAdi bhAva AtmA ke svabhAva bana jAyeMge tathA svabhAva kA abhAva na hone se rAgAdi kA bhI kabhI bhAvanA hogA, nA rAgAdi kI utpatti meM pa-dravya kI nimittatA natrazya svIkRta kI gaI hai tathA katAni kA nidhi kiyA gayA hai| amRtacandra ne isa sambandha meM spaSTIkaraNa prastuta karate hu likhA hai ki jisa prakAra sUryakAMtamaNi svayaM ke pAtraya me agnirUpa nahIM pariNamatI, usake agnirUpa pariNamana meM parasA rUpa nimitta pravakSya hai, usI prakAra prAtmA bhI svayaM hI svayaM ko rAgAdi bhAvoM kA nimitta nahIM hotA hai, una rAgAdi ko utpatti meM parasaMga rUpa nimitta avazya hotA hai - aisA bastu kA svabhAva hai| isa prakAra yaha phalita hanA ki rAgAdi kI utpatti svAkSaya se, parAzraya ke kAla meM athavA parAzrita dRSTi se hI hotI hai, ataH rAgAdi ke abhAva kA ekamAtra upAya parAzrita dRSTi aura parAzraya kA tyAga karanA aura svAzrita dRSTi yA svAzrayapanA pragaTa karanA hI hai / saMsAra kI vidyamAnatA kA kAraNa parAzrita dRSTi hI hai tathA saMsAra me mukti - zuddha svarUpa kI prApti kA kAraNa svAcita dRSTi hai| svAzrita dRSTi ko upAdAnAdhIna tathA parAzrita dRSTi ko nimittAdhIna iSTi bhI kahate haiM ataH nimitta kA pararUpapanA jAnakara usakA Azraya chor3anA aura upAdAna kA svarUpapanA jAnakara usakA avalambana 1. paMcAdhyAyo, a. 2 pa 356. 2. mamaya sAragAthA 308 se 311 TIkA / 3. samayasAra kalama, 175.

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dArzanika vicAra ] [ 476 karanA zreyaskara hai| yahAM zreyaskara upAdAna kAraNa para bhI vicAra kiyA jAtA hai / upAdAna - kAraNa kA svarUpa : jo kAraNa svayaM kArya rUpa pariName use upAdAna - kAraNa kahate haiM / jaise ghaTa kI utpatti meM miTTI upAdana kAraNa hai kyoMki vaha ghaTarUpa svayaM pariNamatI hai / ' upAdAna - kAraNa ko nijazakti bhI kahate haiM / upAdAna - kAraNa ke paryAyavAcI nAma : Agama meM upAdAna kAraNa ko samartha kAraNa mUla hetu", aMtaraMga sAdhana, mukhya hetu kartA" ityAdi nAmoM se abhihita kiyA gayA hai / upAdAna - kAraNa ke bheda : : * upAdAna kAraNa ke mukhya do bheda haiM zAzvata (trikAlI) upAdAna tathA kSaNika upAdAna | dravya tathA guNa svabhAva ko trikAlI upAdAna tathA visvava ko kahate haiM / trikAlI upAdAna yaha batAtA hai ki kArya kI utpatti dravya ke svAzraya se hotI para se nahIM / pRthak sattAkadravya to nimitta mAtra ho sakatA hai| kSaNika upAdAna ke bhI do prakAra haiM: prathama to anaMtara pUrvakSaNavartI paryAya rUpa upAdAna tathA dvitIya, tatsamaya kI yogyatA yukta paryAya rUpa kSaNika upAdAna | inameM prathama prakAra isa niyama kI ghoSaNA karatA hai ki anaMtarapUrvekSaNavartI paryAya ( arthAt kAryaM prakaTa hone se eka samaya pUrva vAlI paryAya kA vyaya hI uttarakSaNavartI paryAya rUpa kAryotpatti kA upAdAna kAraNa hai| dvitIya prakAra 1. ''.. 6. 'S 5. c. jai. si. pra. 40 praznottara - upAdAna nijazakti hai ji ko yahIM svabhAva" (nimitta upAdAna saMvAda padya naM 3) gharalA - 12/4 - jai. si. ko bhAga 2. 24. vR. svayaMbhustotra - padma 60 pravacanasAra gA. TIkA 65. paMcAstikAya gA. TI. maha yaH pariNamati saH kartA" (sa. sA. ka., 51 ) asahI-58 meM padya kI TIkA / vAgama stoSa padya 5 tathA maSTasahastro pR. 11 - niyatapUrvakSaNatatva kAraNalakSaNam / niyatoca rakSaguvatitvaM kAryaM lakSaNam / " (jai. ni. ko, bhAga 2 pu. 54 . )

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480 ] | AcArya zramRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva eka samaya meM hI kAraNa tathA kArya ke yabhedapane kI sUcanA karatA hai / " vAstava meM paryAya kI sAkItA hI upavana kAraNa tathA tatsamaya kI paryAya hI kArya hai / upAdAna ko kAraNa tathA upAdeya ko kArya kahate haiM / isase spaSTa hai ki kAraNa kArya yA upAdAna - upAdeya bhAva eka hI dravya kI eka hI samayavartI eka paryAya meM ghaTita hotA hai / isa taraha trikAlI upAdAna dravya rUpa tathA anaMtarapUrvakSaNavartI evaM tatsamaya kI yogyatA rUpa upAdAna paryAya rUpa haiN| ye tIna bheda ( upAdAna kAraNa ke) Agama meM upalabba hote haiM / - upAdAna kAraNa hI kArya kA niyAnaka hotA hai :yadyapi nimitta kAraNa para vicAra karate samaya yaha bAta spaSTa ho jAtI hai ki kArya kI utpatti kA niyAmaka kAraNa upAdAna hI hai, nimitta nahIM, tathApi yahA~ ukta viSaya meM AcArya amRtacandra dvArA pratipAdita dArzanika vicAroM kA vizeSa rUpa se Akalana kiyA jA rahA hai| kArya kI utpatti kAraNa ke anusAra hotI hai| jaise jau pUrvaka hona vAle jo jo ve jo hI hote haiN| yahAM kArya kI utpatti kA jo kAraNa kahA, vaha samartha kAraNa hI hai| samartha kAraNa upAdAna kAraNa ko kahate haiN| ataH upAdAna kAraNa ke anusAra rahI kArya hotA hai aisA prAgama kA vacana hai. tathA vastu svarUpa hai| vAstava meM vastu kI zaktiyAM para kI apekSA nahIM rakhatIM / " yadyapi kAryotpatti meM aMtaraMga bahiraMga ubhaya kAraNoM kI sannidhi pAI jAtI hai| tathApi bahiraMga kAraNa aMtaraMga kAraNa kI bhAMti kArya kA niyAmaka nahIM ho sakatA / isa tathya ko prakaTa karate hue A. amRtacandra ne likhA hai ki jJAna ke nimittapana ko prApta hue anya padArtha bhale hI gatizIla raheM, parantu paramArtha se bAhya kAraNa aMtaraMga kAraNa nahIM bana sakatA hai jinendra, Apa buddhi ko prApta apane jJAna tathA vIrya ke vizeSa sevApaka yA lokAloka ke jJAtA tathA kevala jJAna svarUpa hue haiN|" - 4. 5. "sa evaM kAryakAraNabhAta paryAmAdhikaH / rA. vA. 133 (jaM. si. kI 255) "kAraNAnuvidhAni kAmaNIti kRtvA yavapUrvakA pavA yavA eveti" samayasAra gAthA 68 kI TIkA / . . . TIkAmA 21 unakA saharza kAryamiti vacanAt / ( 61 ) samayasAra gA 116 TIkA na hi vastu maktaktaH paramapekSate / " laghu tattva sphoTa, pra. 18, paca 18.

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dArzanika vicAra / 481 pUrva avasthA saMyukta dravya ucita bahiraMga sAdhanoM (nimittoM ke sAnidhya ke sadbhAva meM jo aneka prakAra kI avasthAeM karatA hai, unake prakaTa hone meM aMtaraMga sAdhana bhUta upAdAna kAraNarUpa svarUpa kartA tathA svarUpa karaNa kI hI sAmarthya hI anugraha rUpa hotI hai, arthAt svarUpa kartA evaM svarUpa karaNa kI sAmarthya se hI samasta vibhinna paryAya pragaTatI hai|' amRtacandra ke ukta vicAroM kA samarthana dhavalAkAra ke ullekha se bhI hotA hai ki sarvatra hI aMtaraMga kAraNa (upAdAnakAraNa) se hI kArya kI utpatti hotI hai. aisA nizcaya karanA cAhie, kyoMki bAhya kAraNa (nimitta kAraNoM) se kArya kI utpatti mAnane para zAlI ke bIja se (dhAna sa jau kI utpatti kA prasaMga upasthita hogaa| upAdAna kAraNa kI apekSA kArya ko upAdeya kahate haiM : abhyaMtara kAraNa ko upAdAna kAraNa kahA hai, usase niSpanna kArya ko upAdeza kahA gayA : mAthAna-upadiya ko ho kAraNa kArya nAma se athavA kartA-karma nAma se bhI jAnA jAtA hai| upAdAna-upAraya sambandha dravyArthika - nizcaya gaya kI apekSA eka hI dravya tathA usakI hI utpanna paryAya meM nirdiSTa kiyA gayA hai, tathA paryAyAthika naya kI apekSA eka hI samaya kI eka hI paryAya meM batAyA gayA hai| pUrva paryAya ko upAdAna tathA uttaravartI paryAya ko upAdeya kahanA, do paryAyoM meM eka hI dravya kI hone se) sadbhUta vyavahAra naya kI apekSA ghaTita hotA hai / nimitta-upAdAna kI samanvita sthiti : vAstava meM jaba jaba kArya kI utpatti hotI hai, taba taba usameM donoM hetuoM (bahiraMga - aMtaraMga) kI vidyamAnatA avazya hotI hai. aisA vastu kA svabhAva hai| anya prakAra se mokSa kI prApti kI vidhi sambhava nahIM hai, ataH hai jindra ! grApa RSiyoM tathA jJAniyoM dvArA baMdanIya haiN| yaha bAta bhI satya hai ki ubhaya kAraNoM nimitta tathA upAdAna) zrI sannidhi meM hI kArya hona kA vastu svabhAva gata niyama hone para bhI jJAniyoM kI dRSTi bAhya hetu se haTakara AbhyaMtara hetu meM hI nihita rahatI hai, prAcArya saMmatabhadra ----- -.-.- - - - 1. prajacanasAra gA.15 ko dIkA / 2. janendra mi. koza bhAga, 2 pR. 62. 3. vR sva. stotra, padya, 65

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482 ] | prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva ne spaSTa ghoSita kiyA hai ki he jinendra ! gaNa doSa kI utpatti meM bAlA vasta nimitta mAtra hai. tathA abhyaMtara kAraNa - upAdAna usakA mUla hetu hai / adhyAtmArgI ke vaha abhyaMtara kAraNa hI paryApta hai| use vAhya kAraNa pramukha nahIM hai| usakI dRSTi meM bAhya kAraNa kI sannidhi gauNapane svIkArya hai| prAcArya amRtacandra ne bhI uparokta vicAroM kI spaSTa rUpa se ghoSaNA kI hai, ki prAtmA svayaM hI deva hai, acitya zakti kA dhAraka hai kyoMki vaha caitanya cintAmaNi ratna hI hai, ataH jJAnI sarva prakAra se zuddhAtmA ko dhAraNa karate haiM, unheM anya parigrahoM se kyA prayojana ? arthAt kucha bhI prayojana nahIM hai / ubhaya kAraNoM kI samanvita sthiti para prakAza DAlate hae ve likhate haiM ki nidanaya se stra hI athavA para hI ekamAtra kAraNa nahIM hai, apitu kArya kI siddhi meM ubhaya kAraNoM ko vidyamAnatA hotI hai| aMtaraMga tathA bahiraMga kAraNoM meM samasta vastuoM meM anaMta paryAyoM kI saMtati prakaTa hotI hai, isa bAta kA jJAna ajJAnI jIva ko nahIM hotA parantu una paryAyoM kI saMtati ko Apa saMpUrNatayA jAnate haiM ! he jinendra ! bahiraMga kAraNoM kI nizcita vyavasthA ke kAraNa anya padArtha ko nimitta mAtrapanA prApta karAte hue bhI Apa svayaM hI kevala apane dvArA atyadhika vibhedoM se paripUrNa pariNamana ko prApta hote haiN| isase spaSTa hai ki upAdAna dvArA mampanna hone vAle kAryoM ke bAhya kAraNa -nimitta bhI vyavasthita hai - nizcita hai, jinendra ke jJAna meM phalita haiN| ataH nimiloM kI jor3a tor3a meM parataMtra honA vyartha hai| vAstava meM zrAtmA kA para dravyoM ke sAtha koI kAraka sambandha nahIM hai ki jisase zuddhAtma svarUpa kI prApti hetu bAhya sAmagrI nimitoM kI khoja meM vyagra hokara parataMtra hote haiN| jinakI dRSTi nimitta rUpa bAhya kAraNoM meM lagI rahatI hai ve mithyA dRSTi haiN| prAcArya zrI ne ukta bAta kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai ki sba - para kI AkRti ke grahaNa 1. ga. rada. loga, pahA 56 2. sa. sA. ka. 144 3. la. na. sphoTa. pra. 15. padya 15 4. la. ta. sphoTa, a. 4 padya 12 5. ma. ta, sphoTa a. 13 padya 22 6. pravacanasAra gA. 16 TokA /

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dArzanika vicAra ] 1 483 karane meM pAkulita rahata vAlI anya mithyAdRSTi manuSyoM kI dRSTi, nija ko chor3akara para padArthoM para jA par3o hai parantu ApakI dRSTi balapUrvaka nija mahimA meM hI cAlA hotA hai| anya siddhAnta kartA-karma aura dravya-guNa-paryAya : ____ jo pariNamana kare so kartA, jo kartA kA pariNAma to karma, tathA jo kartA kI pariNali so hI kriyA hai / ye tInoM vasta svarUpa se bhinna nahIM haiM 12 prAcArya amRtacanda ne uparokta paribhASAmoM dvArA yaha spaSTa kiyA hai ki kArya rUpa meM pariNamana karane vAlA dravya vayaM hI apanI usa kArya rUpa paryAya kA kartA hai| anya jamake pariNamana kAla meM anukUla rahane vAle dravya usa paryAya ke nimitta ho sakate haiM, kartI nhiiN| kartA-karma to vyApya. vyApaka ke niyama ke sadabhAva meM hI ghaTita hote haiN| jo paryAya pragaTato hai use vyApya kahate haiM tathA usa paryAya meM jo dravya phalatA hai, pariNamita hotA hai vaha dravya vyApaka kahalAtA hai| udAharaNa ke lie miTTI rUpa kalaza paryAya vyApya hai tathA usa paryAya meM miTTI hI vyApaka hai mhAra nahIM, ata: kalaza paryAya karma tathA miTTI dravya usakA kartA hai, kumhAra usakA kartA nahIM hai| kumhAra to kalaza rUpa kArya kA nimitta mAtra hai| nimina ko bhI kA kahanA jagajjanoM kA anAdirUr3ha vyavahAra hai| vAstava meM nimitta kisI bhI kArya kA paramArthataH kartA nahIM hotaa| isa para meM yaha bhI phalita hotA hai ki eka dravya dumare dravya kA paramArthataH kartA nahIM hotaa| eka dravya ko dUsare kA kartA kahanA vaha vyavahAra kathana mAtra hai parantu eka dravya ko dUsare kA bartA mAnanA vaha ajJAnI vyavahArI janoM kA prajJAna yA moha bhAva hai| jisa prakAra eka dravya dUsare kA kA nahIM hai, usI prakAra eka hI dravya meM rahane vAle aneka guNa bhI parappara meM eka-dUsare ke kAya paryAya) ke kartA nahIM haiM / pratyeka guNa prapanA apanA kArya karatA hai. koI cUNa kisI anya guNa kA kArya nahIM karatA, jame, jJAna guNa 1. la ta. sphoTa, a. 14, padya 12. samayasAra kalaza, 51 3. sana yasAra mA. 100 tathA 108 kI A. khyA, TIkA / 4. pahI, gA 84 ko dIkA / 5. samayAra vanaza 62

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484 ] prAcArya amRtacandra ; vyaktitva evaM kartRtva kA kAma jAnanA hai vaha jAnane kA hI kArya karatA hai anya kucha nahIM kara sktaa| darzana guNa kA kAma dekhanA hai, vaha dekhane kA hI kAma karatA hai, jAnane kA nahIM kyoMki eka guNa meM dUsare guNa kA kArya karane kI sAmarthya nahIM hai / eka guNa dUsare guNa ke kArya pariNamana) meM anukUla hone para nimitta ho sakatA hai kintu usakA kartA nhiiN| isase spaSTa hai ki dravya kI bhAMti dravya ke guNa bhI paraspara meM kartA-karma sambandha nahIM rakhate, mAtra nimita-naimitika sambandha rakhate haiN| jisa prakAra dravya tathA guNa apane apane kArya ke kartA haiM usI prakAra pratyeka guNa meM utpanna hona bAlI pratimamayavartI paryAyeM bhI paraspara meM svatantra hotI hai| koI bhI paryAya kisI bhI aAgAmI yA pUrva paryAya kI kartA nahIM hotI. kyoMki una paryAyoM meM paraspara prAgabhAba evaM pradhvaMsAbhAva hotA hai| isa taraha, pratyeka paryAya bhI apanI apanI svataMtrapane kAryakarbI haiM ataH dravya bhI svatantra, guNa bhI svatantra tathA paryAyeM bhI svatantra haiN| koI kiso ke AdhIna nahIM hai| na dravya ko kisI ne racA hai, na guNa ko koI ne banAyA hai, vevayaM sata rUpa haiM, jo sat rUpa hai usakA koI kartA nahIM hotA hai ataH dravya svabhAva evaM guNa svabhAva pUrNataH svatantra anAdi anaMta, prakRta tathA akArya haiN| paryAya bhI paryAya rUpa me sat hone se apanI svatantra sattA tattatsamaya ke lie rakhatI hai| isa prakAra sata ke svatantrapana kI ghoSaNA dvArA AcArya amRtacandra meM samasta dravya tathA unake samasta guNa aura paryAyoM ko svatantra batAyA hai| jaina darzana kartAvAdI darzana nahIM hai balika jJAtAvAdI darzana hai| jJAtApane meM sahajasukha evaM parama zAMti yA nirAkulatA hotI hai| jabaki kartApane meM kartRtva kI yAkulatA evaM azAMti hI hotI hai / prAcArya amRtacandra ne jaina darzana ke ukta rahasya ko prastuta karate hae samasta paramArtha zAMti kA iccha ko ko parama zAMti kA mAga pradarzita kiyA hai| mom...mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm vastu eka vaya nAma karatA parinAmI daraba, karapa rUpa parinAma / kiriyA parajaya kI phirani, bastu eka ya nAma / / -samayasAra nATaka, kartA karma kripA dvAra, 1. samaya tAra kalaza 62

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saptam adhyAya dhArmika vicAra yaha hA kA ki parzakA sambandha vicAroM se tathA dharma kA sambandha prAcAroM se haiM / dharma pravRttimUlaka hotA hai / vahAM bhI nizcaya dharma svavRtti athavA para se nivRtti mUlaka hai tathA vyavahAradharma parAzrayavRtti kA dyotaka hai / ataH dhArmika vicAroM ke aMtargata sva-para pravRttimUlaka AcaraNoM kI carcA abhipreta rahatI hai| prAtmA ko apathA mArga se haTAkara svarUpa kI prApti hetu svasammukha pravRtti karAnA dhArmika prAcAroM kA mukhya prayojana hai / isI prayojana kI siddhi ke lie svAmI samaMtabhadra meM dharma kA svarUpa spaSTa karate hae likhA hai ki yahA~ usa samIcIna dharma kA upadeza diyA jAtA hai, jo jIvoM ko saMsAra ke catargati sambandhI duHkhoM se bacAkara zreSTha mokSa sukha meM le jAtA hai tathA jo karmoM kA nAza karane vAlA hai|' aisA dharma dharma ke Izvara arthAt tIrthaMkaroMga gamyagdarzana, samyagjJAna tathA sayaracAritrampa kahA hai aura inake viparIta mithyAdarzana, mithyAjJAna tathA mithyAcAritra ko saMsAra paribhramaNa kI parampara kA kAraNa likhA hai| ataH ukta dharma ke prAdhAroM ko do vibhAgoM meM nirUpita kiyA gayA hai| unameM prathama hai| mani prAcAra tathA dvitIya zrAvakAcAra / ukta donoM prakAroM para kramazaH vicAra kiyA jAtA hai / muni prAcAra yahAM muni prAcAroM kA prAkalana karane ke lie sarva prathama muni ke svarUpa kA avaloka karanA Avazyaka hai| 1. dezavAmi namIcInaM dharma karmanibahaMzAm / saMbhAraduHsvataH sannAt yo dharAyatame sukhe // 2 // 2. sadRSTi bhA. vRttAni dharma dharmezvaga viduH / padIya pratyanIkAni bhavanti bhavapaddhatiH / / 3 // karaNDa zrAvatAra

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486 / | prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva muni kA svarUpa : jo iMdriya viSayoM kI prAzA se rahita haiM, chakAya ke jIvoM ke ghAtarUpa prArambha se rahita haiM, caudaha prakAra ke aMtaraMga tathA daza prakAra ke bahiraMga parigrahoM se rahita haiM, tathA jo sadA jJAna aura dhyAna meM tathA tapa meM anurakta haiM, ve sAdhu - tapasvI prazaMsanIya haiN| dhavalAkAra prAcArya vIrasena ne sAdhu kA lakSaNa sarvasAdhAraNa se vilakSaNa hI batAyA hai| ve likhate haiM ki jo anaMtajAnAdi rUpa zuddhAtmA ke svarUpa kI sAdhanA karate haiM, ve sAdhu haiM / jo siMha ke samAna parAkramI, gaja ke samAna svAbhimAnI, baila ke samAna bhadraprakRti, mRga ke samAna sarala, 'pazu ke samAna nirIha gocarIvRtti karane bAle, pavana ke samAna niHsaMga athavA sarvatra binA kAbaTa bicaraNa karane vAle, surya ke samAna tejasvI yA sakala tattvoM ke prakAzaka, sAgara ke samAna gaMbhIra, merU ke samAna pariSaha va upasargoM ke bIca nizcala yA aDiga rahana vAle, candramA ke samAna zAMtipradAyaka, maNi ke samAna mA pujayukta, pRthvI ke samAna sarva bAdhAeM sahana karane vAle, sarpa ke samAna parinirmita aniyata prAdhaya vasatikA Adi meM nivAsa karane vAle, AkAza ke samAna lirAvalambI, nilapa, sadAkAla mokSa kA anveSaNa karane vAle sAdhu hote haiN| ve pAMca mahAvratoM ko dhAraNa karate haiM, tIna guptiyoM se surakSita rahate haiN| aThAraha hajAra zIla ke bhadoM ko pAlana karate haiM tathA caurAso hajAra uttara guNoM ko dhAraNa karate haiM, aise mAdhu parameSThI hote haiN| prAcArtha amRtacandra ne bhI sAdhu - muni kA svarUpa to bhalIbhAMti spaSTa kiyA hI hai, sAtha hI munidharma para sarvaprakAra se savistAra prakAza DAlA hai| ve likhate haiM ki ratnatraya rUpa padavI kA anusaraNa karane vAle muniyoM kI vRtti pApakriyA mizrita prAcAroM se sarvayA parA-mukha hotI hai| ve sarvathA udAsIna rUpa tathA loka se vilakSaNa prakAra phI vRtti ke dhAraka 1. viSayAgAvAgAtIto nirArambho'pa regrahaH / jJAnammAnanapo raktastapatrI se prazasyate || 10 || ra. ka. bhA / / 2. "po aura manda gAhaNaM" anatajAnAdizuddhAtmasvarUpaM sAdhayantIti sAnamaH / dhabalA khaNDa 1, bhAga 1, pustaka 1, gAthA 33 pRSTha 52 mahi gaya bagaha niya pazu mArUda sUkhihi maMdaridu maNIM / vidi ugambara sarilA parama para vimaragayA sAhUM // 33 / /

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. dhArmika vicAra ] [ 487 . ' hote hai / 1 ve moha rUpI senA ko jItane ke lie kamara kase rahate haiN| unheM moha senA jItane kA upAya upalabdha ho jAtA hai| unakI mati vyavasthita ho jAtI hai| vaha samasta paradravyoM meM madhyastha hotA hai / unake moha graMthi ke kSaya hone se rAgadveSa kA bhI kSaya hotA hai, rAgadveSa ke kSaya hone me ve sukha-dukha meM samAna bane rahate haiM aura samAnatA ke kAraNa hI madhyastha lakSaNa vAle zramaNapane ko prApta karate haiM, jisase akSaya sukha kI prApti hotI hai / ' yathArtha meM muni ke dvArA zuddhAtmA kI vRtti hI nirantara apanAI jAtI hai| ve pAgama cakSu hote haiM / ve sarva bAtoM kA nirNaya Agama se hI karate haiN| saMyata sAdhu kA lakSaNa sAmya hai / ve zatra-mitra meM, sukha-dukha meM, prazaMsA-niMdA meM, miTTo tathA sone meM, jIvana-maraNa meM, apane parAye, prahlAda pariNAma meM, yaza-apayaza meM, upayogI-anupayogI meM sthAyIasthAyI meM isa prakAra sarvatra hI moha nAza hone ke kAraNa samatA bhAva dhAraNa karate haiN| 1. anusaratAM padametat karambinAcAra nityanirabhimunA / ekAMta virarUpA bhavati munInAmalaukikI vRtiH // 16 // -puruSArtha sidayupAya 2 'prato mayA mohavAhinI vijayAya baddhAkakSepama / " -pravacanasAra gAthA 79 kI TokA 3. nayI mayA mohayAhinI vijayopAyaH / " -vahIM, gAthA 80 ko TIkA 4, yavasthitA malimama / " -vahI. gAthA 82 kI TIkA 5. 'tato'hamesa sarvasminnena pandrale madhyastho bhavAmi / " -pravacanasAra gAthA 159 dIkA 6. "mohana thikSapaNAddhi tamanarAgadveSakSapaNaM tata: samasukhaduHkhasya paramamAdhya. sthalakSaNe zrAmo bhavana, tato'nAkulatvalakSagAkSayasaukhyalAbha / ' vaho gAthA 195 kI TIkA 7. saMzuddhAtmadravyamabaikana tyA, nityaM yuktaH sbIyate'smAbhirevam / ' -vahI gAthA 200 TIkA kA chaMda naM, 10 8. "zramaNAH AgamacakSuSo bhavanti / " "yathAgamacakSuSAsarvameva dRzyata eveti samarthayati / " / vahI, gApA 234 kI TIkA utthAnikA 235 ko

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488 / ! AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva muni ke paryAyavAcI nAma : ____ muni ke lie pAgama meM zramaNa, saMyat RSi, sAdhu, bIta rAga, anagAra, bhadanta, dAnta da yati mAdi padoM kA bhI prayoga hotA hai| tapasvI pada bhI muni ke lie ho prayukta haiM / ' muniyoM ke bheva :.. grAcArya amRtacandra ne muniyoM ke paneka prakAra se bheda pradarzita kiye haiN| unameM kucha isa prakAra haiM :zuddhopayogI tathA zubhopayogI muni : jo vAstava meM zrAmaNya paraNati kI pratijJA karake bhI kaSAva kaNa ke jIvita hone me, samasta para dravyoM se nivRtti rUpa se pravartamAna suvizuddha darzana jJAna svabhArI prAtmatattva meM pariNati rUpa zubhopayoga bhUmikA meM ArohaNa karate haiM, ve zuddhopayogI muni haiM, zuddhopayogI muni samasta kaSAyo ko nirasta kara ke nirAsava ho jAte haiM , parantu zubhogayogI muni uparokta zuddhopayoga kI bhUmikA meM prArohaNa nahIM karake, usake samIpa hI kaSAya dvArA zakti kuThina hone se zubhopayoga kI bhUmikA meM rahate haiM ve subhASayAgA zramaga / gunAyAgo muni kaSAya kaNa kA vinaSTa nahIM kara sakane ke kAraNa pAvasahita hote haiN| yahAM yaha vizeSa jJAtavya hai ki zuddhograpogI zubhopayogo zramaNa se zreSTha hote haiN| 1. je. si. ko. ' 4 pR. 404 2. ra ka zrA..10 vAM 'padya / 3. ye va nu yAmadhyaparigati pratijJAkAgi jIvatikaSAvakaNatayA sanastAridraya nirbu ta pravRtta vizuddhaziti vabhAvatvAtmatyavRttirUpA zuddhopayoga bhUmikAmadhirodana kSamante / meM naduHsAThaniviSTrA: kapAlakunThI kRtasaktayoM nitAntamutkaNTha manaH zramaNA: kiM bhaveyurna tyatrAmitIyate / 'dhammaNa paridappA...' ina vyayamaMva nirUpitatyAdanti tAvacchumopayogasya dharmagNa sahakArthamanamaHmaH / tataH zubhopa-yogino'pi dharmasabhAdhAdbhaveyuH zramaNAH mi.nu teSAM zuddhopayogibhiH samaM sabhakASThatvaM na bhavet yataH zuddhopayogino nirasta samasta kavAyatvAdanAlavA evaM / ime punaranavakIrNakapAyakagAsAzrayA eva / -pravacanasAra gAthA 245 kI TIkA

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dhArmika vicAra | froat tathA vyavahArI suni : anyatra unhoMne nizcayI tathA vyavahArI muniyoM ke svarUpa kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| unameM jo svadravya (AtmA) kI zraddhA karatA hai, svadravya ko jAnatA hai aura svadravya ke prati upekSAbhAva rakhatA hai vaha nizcaya naya se zreSTha muni hai / jo paradravya kI (7 tattvoM kI bheda rUpa) zraddhA karatA hai, paradravya ko jAnatA hai tathA paradravya ke prati upekSAbhAva rakhatA hai vaha vyavahArI muni mAnA gayA hai / " cAra prakAra ke zramaNa saMgha : AcArya amRtacandra ne 4 prakAra ke zramaNa saMghoM kA bhI saMketa kiyA hai / ve 4 prakAra hai RSi, muni, yati aura angaar| inameM Rddhi prApta ko RSiH pravadhi, manaH paryaya tathA kevalajJAnI ko muni upazama yA kSapaka zreNI meM prArUr3ha ko yati aura sAmAnya sAdhunoM ko anagAra kahate haiM / ina cAroM prakAra ke zramaNa saMghoM ke upakAra kA anurAga zubhopayogI muniyoM meM hotA hai yuddhopayogiyoM meM nahIM pI zrAcArya, upAdhyAya tathA sAdhu bhI zuddhopayogI muni kI bandanA Adi karate haiM / ukta pravRtti zuddhopayogiyoM ke nahIM hotI / [ 48 muniyoM ke 5 prakAra : pulAka, bakuza, kuzIla, nirgrantha tathA snAtaka ye 5 prakAra bhI muniyoM ke kahe gaye haiN| inameM bakuza ke zarIra akuza tathA upakaraNa bakuza ye do bheda haiM / kuzala ke pratisevanA tathA kaSAya ye do prakAra haiN| inake 1. 3. svadravyaM zraddadhAnastu budhyamAnastadeva hi / tadevApekSamANazca niHcayAnmunisattamaH // 6 zraddhAnaM paradravyaM budhyamAnastadeva hi / tadevopekSamANAzca vyavahArI smRto muniH / 5 / / - tatvArthasAra upasaMhAra / "cAturvarNasya zramamAsaghasyopakArakaraNapravRttiH sA sarvApi rAmapradhAnatvAt zubhanAmeva bhavati, na kadAcidapi zuddhopayoginAm / " zramaNeSu yadananamakaraNa - " pravacanamAra gAthA 149 tathA 247 kI TIkA / zodhA kuzIlo dvividhastathA "pu*Ako trinthaH snAtakazcaiva niyaMnthAH paJca kIrtitAH // tatvArthasAra zra. 7 padya 58 /

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460 / / prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartutra saMkSepa meM nimna prakAra ke lakSaNa hote haiM / jo uttara guNoM kI bhAvanA se rahita ho tathA kisI kSetra kAla meM kisI mUlaguNa meM praticAra lagAve, jinake alpa vizuddhatA ho use pulAka kahate haiM / jo mUlaguNoM ko nirdoSa pAlana karatA ho kintu dharmAnurAga ke kAraNa zarIra va upakaraNoM kI zobhA bar3hAne ke liye kucha icchA rakhatA hai vaha bakuza hai / jo zarIra tathA upakaraNa prAdi se pUrNa virakta na ho aura mUlaguNoM tathA uttaraguNoM kI paripUrNatA ho parantu uttara guNa kI kadAcit kvacit virAdhanA hotI ho, ve pratisevanA kuzIla haiM aura jinake mAtra saMjvalana' kaSAya zeSa ho use kaSAya kuzIla kahate haiN| jina moha karma upazAMta athavA nAza ho gayA ho aise 11veM tathA 12veM guNasthAna vAle muni ninantha kahalAte haiN| samasta ghAtiyA karmoM kA nAza karane vAle sayogI tathA ayogI ke valI mnAtaka kahalAte haiM / ' muni dIkSA vidhi : prAcArya amRtacandra ne spaSTa likhA hai ki gRhasthoM ko apane pada tathA zakti kA vicAra karake hI saphala vratadhAriyoM muniyoM ke prAcaraNa ko aMgIkAra karanA caahie| unheM samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna tathA samyakcAritra rUpa ratnatraya dhAraNa karane ke bAda hI yathAzIghra muni pada grahaNa karanA cAhie / nigranthatA ko dIkSA kA utsava mokSa rUpI lakSmI ke svayambara samAna hai| ataH muni dharma kA upadeza na karake grahastha dharma kA upadeza dAtA tucchabuddhi tathA daNDanIya hai, kyoMki vaha krama bhaMga upa jha dene vAlA hai| usake kapa bhaMga upadeza se ati utsAhI ziSya bhI tuccha sthAna meM ho saMtuSTa hokara ugAyA jAtA hai / isa prakAra mahAna, mahattvapUrNa munipada 1. tattvArthasUna a. 6 sUtra 46 pR. 740 saM. paM. rAmajI bhaI / 2. pu. si. paca 200 3. vahI, padya 210 4 mokSalakSmI svayaMvarAyamArapaparamanagranthyadIbhAkSagA-." -pravacanasAra gAthA 5ttii| 5. "yo yati dharmabhakathannupadizati grahasmadharmamalpamatiH / " tasya bhagavatpravacane pradarzita nigrahasthAnam // 18 / / akramakAyanena yataH protsahamAno'tidUramapi ziSyaH / adipi sampratRptaH pratArito bhavati tena durmatinA / / 16 / / pu. si. //

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dhArmika vicAra ] [ 461 -- - kI dIkSA vidhi kA ullekha bhI savistAra kiyA gayA hai| jo vyakti zramaNa honA cAhatA hai, vaha sarvaprathama vidAI letA hai| 1. vidhAI kriyA :-vaha baMdhuvarga se vidA mAMgatA hai tathA gurujanoM arthAt bar3oM se (mAtA-pitA strI putrAdi se) apane ko chur3AtA hai aura jJAnAcAra, darzanAcAra, cariyAcAra, tapAcAra tathA bIryAcAra ina paMcAcAroM ko svIkAra karatA hai| vaha samasta vAhya sambandhoM ko bhinna jAnakara apane AtmA ko mAtA-pitA-putra Adi rUpa meM dekhatA hai / " 2. paMcAcAroM kA svarUpa : jJAnAcAra :- muni svAdhyAya kAla bicArate haiM, aneka prakAra vinaya Adi karate haiM, zAstra bhakti hetu durdhara upadhAna tathA bahumAna karate haiM, upakAra ko nahIM bhUlate. artha vyaMjana tathA donoM kI zuddhatA meM sAvadhAna rahate haiM. yaha sabhI pAcaraNa jJAnAcAra hai / varzanAcAra :- ve pranAma, saMvega, anukampA tathA Astikya bhAvanAoM kA pAlana karate haiM tathA zaMkA, kAMkSA Adi doSoM ko TAlate haiM upagRhana, sthitikaraNa grAdi aMgoM ko pAlana karate haiM, ise hI darzanAcAra kahate haiN| cAritrAcAra :-da paMca mahAvratoM, tIna guptiyoM kA pravalambana karate haiM tathA 5 samitiyoM kI sAvadhAnI rakhate haiM, ise cAritrAcAra kahate haiM / tapAcAra :- bAraha prakAra sapoM kA pAlana tapAcAra hai| vIryAttAra :- zubha kriyA kANDa meM pUrNa zakti ke sAtha vartana karanA vIryAcAra hai| isa prakAra ve paMcAcAroM ko aMgIkAra to karate haiM parantu ve yaha jAnate haiM ki nizcaya se ye samasta prAcAra AtmA ke nahIM haiM, parAdhita haiM, tathApi zuddhAtmA kI prApti se pUrva taka ise dhAraNa karate haiM / 3. praNata tathA anugRhIta hone kI vidhi :-- tatpazcAt zramaNa pada kA icchuka praNata tathA anugRhIta hotA hai| vaha zramaNa, guNADhya, kUlaviziSTa, rUpa biziSTa, baya viziSTa tathA zramaNoM ko iSTa gaNI AcArya) ke samIpa jAkara zuddhAtma tattva kI upalabdhi rUpa siddhi ke lie nAcArya se prArthanA karatA hai aura unake samakSa praNAma karatA hai ise praNata vidhi 1. "yo hi nAma zramaNoM bhavitumicchati sa pUrvameya bandhuvargamApRcchata, guru vAlAputrebhpa pAtmAnaM nimoca yati, jJAnadarzanacAritratapobI yAMcAramAsIdati / tathAhi / " -pravacanasAra, gAyaH 202 kI TIkA /

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462 ] / prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva kahate haiN| prAcArya use abhyathita artha kI siddhi kA upadeza dekara anugRhIta karate haiM yahI anugRhIta vidhi hai / ' 4 nagnatva dhAraNa kiyA :- tatpazcAta vaha yathAjAta rUpa dhAraNa (arthAt janma ke samaya jaisA nagna rUpa dhAraNa karatA hai| vaha vicAra karatA hai ki koI paradravya usake nahIM, vaha kisI paradravya kA nahIM hai| vAstava meM prAtmA ko samasta paradravyoM se koI sambandha nahIM hai| samasta loka meM eka prAtmA hI usakA hai anya kucha bhI nhiiN| isa prakAra indriya noindriya ko jItakara jitendriya hotA hai| Atma dravya kA sahaja rUpa dhAraNa karane se yathA jAtarUtA para dotA hai| thAnAnA bhara yAtmA ke ayathAjAtarUpa dharatva ke kAraNa rUpa moha-rAga-dvaSAdibhAvoM kA prabhAva hotA hai tathA unake prabhAva ke kAraNa, vastrAbhUSaNa dhAraNa, sira va dAr3hI ke bAloM kA rakSaNa, parigraha kA lezamAtrapanA, sAvadya (hiMsA-kAraka) yoga se sahitapanA tathA zArIrika saMskAra karanA -- ina pAMcoM kA prabhAva hotA hai| isa prakAra bAhya liMga hotA hai| sAtha hI moha-rAga-dveSAdi ke abhAva ke kAraNa hI mamatva pariNAma, jimmedArI grahaNa kA bhAva, zubhAzubha se raMjita upayoga kI zuddhatA, tathA paradravyoM kA sApekSapanA, ina sabhI kA abhAva hotA hai, isalie aMtaraMga liMga bhI hotA hai| isa prakAra donoM liMgadhArI hokara zramaNapane ko prApta karatA hai / 2 5. 28 mUlaguNoM kA dhAraNa :-28 mUlaguNoM meM 5 mahAvratata 5. samiti, pAMca indriyajaya, SaT Avazyaka tathA zeSa 7 guNoM kA ullekha hai| muniyoM ke 12 tapa : inameM 6 bahiraMga tapa haiM tathA chaha aMtaraMga tapa haiN| bahiraMga tapoM meM anazana, Unodara (ekAzana), vivikta zayyAsana arthAt jIva rahita sthAna meM rahanA, rasa parityAga tathA kAya-kleza, ye chaha batAye gaye haiM; tathA darzana jJAna cAritra-upacAra-rUpa vinaya karanA, apane guru Adi pUjya puruSoM kI sevA karane rUpa bayAbRtya, guru ke samakSa apane doSoM ko kahanA - prAyazcita, zarIra meM mamatva meM vyutsarga, cAroM anuyogoM ke abhyAsa rUpa svAdhyAya 1. "tato zrAmaNyAcI praNato'nugRhItazca bhavati / tathAhi ....... / " -pravacanalAra gAthA 203 ttiikaa| 2. vahI, gAthA 205, 2.6, 207.

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dhArmika vicAra [ 463 --- tathA paMca parameSThI aura nija AtmA kA dhyAna karanA ye 6 aMtaraMga tapa haiN|' tona guptiyAM :- . ve mana gupti, vacana gupti aura kAya gupti rUpa 3 guptiyoM ko pAlana karate haiN| dazadharma : sattamamA, uttama mArdava rama grArjana, natama zIca, uttama satya, uttama saMyama, uttama napa, uttama tyAga, uttama prAkiMcanya tathA uttama brahmacarya ina dazadharmoM ko muni dhAraNa karate haiM / bAraha bhAvanAeM :___anitya, azaraNa, saMmAra, ekatva, anyatva, azuci, Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA, bodhidurlabha, dharmAnuprekSA, loka bhAvanA ina 12 bhAvanAoM kA cintana munirAja nirantara karate rahate haiM / bAIsa parISaha-jaya : kSudhA (bhUrasa sahana karanA}, nRSA (pyAsa sahana karanA], zIta (ThaMDa sahana karanA), uSNa (garmI sahana karanA), nagna rahane meM duHkha na mAnanA, yAcanA nahIM karanA, aniSTa saMyoga meM arati na karanA, alAbhaparISaha, (pAraNA ke dina nirdoSa prAhAra kA lAbha na honA!, daMzamazaka (macchara Adi ke kATane para sahanazIla rahanA), apanI niMdA sunakara Akroza na karanA, roga parISaha roga Ane para duHkhI pariNAma nahIM karanA , tRNa parISaha (zarIra meM kAMdA Adi lagane para use nahIM nikAlanA), ajJAna parISaha (zruta kA pUrNa lAbha na honA), pradarzana parISaha (prayojana siddhi na hone para bhI kleza na karanA), prajJA parISaha jAna kA garva na karanA), satkAra-puraskAra parISaha (satkAra meM harSa agAdara meM viSAda nahIM karanA, zayyA parISaha (komala trayyA para sone kA anurAga chor3anA), caryA parISaha (yamana meM duHkha 1. pu. si. padya 168, 196, 2. yahI, 202 3. bahI, padya 204 4. vahI, padya 205 5. vahI, padya 206, 208

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464 ] | AcArya zramRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva P na mAnanA ), vadha parISad ( kisI dvArA satAye mAre jAne ke duHkha sahana karanA), niSadhA parISad (kaMcana kAMca mahala zmazAna meM upasarga meM vayaM dhAraNa karanA) tathA strIsaMga parityAga rUpa strI parISad / ina 22 parISahoM ko munirAja dhAraNa karate haiM / " AcArya amRtacandra ne muniyoM ke pratikramaNa, AlocanA, pratyAkhyAna tathA sakala karma sanyAsa vidhi kA vistRta gambhIra, spaSTa tathA prAyogika varNana prastuta kiyA hai| muni ke niSiddha kArya : jyotiSa mantra tantrAdi kA niSedha :- AcArya amRtacandra ne jahAM tahAM muni pada ke ayogya kAryoM kA saMketa tathA niSedha kiyA hai / ve likhate hai ki parama nirgranthatA rUpa pravRjyA kI pratijJA lekara saMyama tapAdi ke bhAra ko vahana karane para bhI yadi muni moha kI bahulatA ke kAraNa zuddha caitanya grAtmA ke vyavahAra ko chor3akara nirantara manuSya vyavahAra ke cakkara meM par3akara laukika kAryoM se nivRtta nahIM hotA to vaha laukika zramaNa hai| mokSamArgI zramaNa nahIM hai / * zramaNa to zuddha Atmatatva meM pariNata hone tathA kaSAya rahita hone se vartamAnakAla meM manuSyatva hone para bhI svayaM samasta manuSya vyavahAra se rahita (bahirbhuta) nispRha hotA hai / " usakI pravRtti pralaukika hotI hai / prAcArya jayasena ne laukika kAryoM meM nizcaya vyavahAra ratnatraya ke nAza karane vAle, apanI prasiddhi, bar3AI va lAbha yAdi ke kAraNabhUta jyotiSa mantra-tantra, vaidyaka tathA gRhasthoM ke jIvana ke upAya rUpa kAryoM ko parigaNita kiyA hai| AcArya nemicandra siddhAnta cakravatI ne to spaSTa likhA hai ki jo jinaliMga ( munipanA) dhAraNakara kaSTa karate haiM, jyotiSa, mantra tantra vaidyaka yadi kArya karate haiM, ghana cAhate haiM, yaza, sukha, Rddhi Adi cAhate haiM. grAhAra, r 1. ?. 4. 5. 6 7. pu. si 207 208 AtmakhyAti gu. 523 se 535 taka jai. si. kopa bhAga 4 pR. 406 pravacanasAra gAdhA 266 kI dokA / mahI gayA 226 kI TokA si.naM. 16 pravacanasAra gA. 266 (TIkA jayasena )

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- - - - -- - - - - - - dhArmika vicAra ] [ 465 bhaya, mathuna, parigraha Adi se saMyukta hote haiM, gRhasthoM kI vivAha vidhi Adi milAte haiM ve muni kubhogabhUmi meM kumAnuSa banate haiM / ataH prAcArya mallipeNa na to spaSTa likhA hai ki hai muni / kyA ina vastroM ke tyAgane mAtra se muni ho jAtA hai ? kyA kAMcalI chor3ane mAtra se sarpa niviSa ho jAtA hai ? arthAt kadApi nahIM hotA / tapa kA mUla to uttama kSamA, indriyoM para vijaya pAnA, satyavacana bolanA tathA zuddha AcaraNa pAlanA hai| yadi hRdaya meM rAgAdi ko hI bar3hAyA arthAta dhana-dhAnya, sabArI, cele, mahala, vastrAbhUSazAdi parigraha kI cAha na miTI to munimudrA nagnatA) bheSa mAtra ThaharI, grataH muni ko sarvaprathama aMtaraMga mithyAtvAdi parigraha kA tyAgI honA yogya hai / ' pazUnya, hAsya, IrSyA, mAyA Adi kI bahulatA yukta zramaNapane (nagnapane) se kyA sAdhya hai / vaha to ekamAtra apayaza kA pAtra hai| anya niSiddha kArya : muni ko svacchanda tathA ekala bihArI honA isa kAla meM vajita hai| use durjana, laukikajana, taruNajana, strI, puzcalI, napusaka, pazu prAdi kI saMgati varjita hai| muni ko prAyikA se 7 hAtha dUra rahanA caahie| pArzvastha Adi naSTa muniyoM kI saMgati nahIM karanA caahie| jinaliMga dhAraNa kara nAcanA, gAnA, bAjA bajAnA, abhimAna karanA, kalaha vivAda karanA, mahilA varga meM rAga karanA, dUsare ke doSa nikAlanA, gRhasthoM tathA ziSyoM para sataha karanA, striyoM meM vizvAsa karake unheM darzana, jhAna, cAritra pradAna karanA ye sabhI pArzvastha Adi bhraSTa muni ke kArya haiM / inase mani tiyaMgyoni tathA narakagati kA pAtra hotA hai| jo pAMca prakAra ke pAvastha, kuzIla, saMsakta, apagatasaMjJa, tathA mRgacArI muni kahe haiM. ve bandanA prazaMsA, sagati karane ke yogya nahIM hai| inako zAstrAdika vidyA - - - 1. trilokasAra gAyA 626 2. sajanavilla bha padya naM. 3. pR. 6. 3. STapAhur3a (bhAvapAhar3a) gAthA mAna / 4. je mi, koza, 4:40 6. 5. vahIM, 4 406. 407 6. vahI, pR 4.406

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mA karAnAndra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva ke lobha se, rAga se, bhaya se bhI kabhI bhI vandanA-vinaya Adi nahIM kre|' aisA jinAgama kA prAdeza hai| AhAra ke 46 doSoM ke tyAga kA upadeza :__muniyoM ko AhAra ke 46 doSoM ko dUrakara hI AhAra lena kA vidhAna hai| unameM 16 udgamadoSa, 16 utpAdana doSa, 10 bhojana sambandhI doSa tathA 4 anya doSa parigaNita hai / 16 udgama doSoM ke nAma :- pradhaH karma, uddiSTAhAra, sAdhika, prati, mitra, sthApita, bali, prAbhata, prAduSkara krItanara, RNa, parAvarta, abhihata udbhinna mAlarohaNa pAcchedya, anIzArtha ye 16 doSa dAtAra ke prAdhIna haiN| 16 utpAdana doSoM ke nAma :- dhAtrI, dUta. nimitta, AjIva, vanIyaka, cikitsA, kroSa mAna, mAyA, lobha, pUrva saMstuti, pazcAt saMstuti, vidyA. maMtra, cUrNa tathA mUla doSa, ye 16 pAtra ke prAdhIna hai| 10 bhojana sambandhI doSa :- zaMkita, mRkSita, nikSipta vihita, saMvyavahAra, dAyaka, janmizra, pariNata, lipta, parijana ye 1. bhojana saMbaMdhI doSa haiN| zeSa 4 anya doSa :- aMgAra, dhUpa, saMyojana tathA pramANa doSa, ye 4 anya doSa hai| isa taraha 46 dopoM kA niSedha karake hI AhAra lenA yathArtha muni kA kartavya hai| isa prakAra muni-pAcAra para prakAza DAlane ke pazcAt zrAvakAcAra para prakAza DAlA jAtA hai / zrAvakAcAra prAcArya amRtacandra ne likhA hai ki jo jIva bArabAra samabhAne para bhI savAla pApa rahita muni-vRtti ko grahaNa karane meM asamartha ho, use eka deza pApa kriyA ra hita zrAvakacAra kA upadeza diyA jAtA hai| zrAvaka bhI apanI zakti anusAra samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritra rUpa mukti mArga kA hamezA sevana 1. mulArAdhanA (bhanavatI arAdhanA) pR. 157 2 mAdhu ko dhyAna meM rakhakara banAyA gayA pAhAra uddiSTAhAra hai| 3. pu. si. 17

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dhArmika vicAra [ 467 karatA hai / uparokta ratnatraya meM se sarvaprathama samasta prayatnoM dvArA samyagdarzana ko bhalIbhAMti prakaTa karanA cAhie kyoMki usake hone para hI samyagjJAna tathA samyakcAritra hotA hai|" samyagdarzana kA svarUpa : jova ajIvAdi tattvArthoM kA sadA viparIta abhiprAya rahita addhAna hI samyagdarzana hai / vaha zraddhAna hI pAtmA kA svarUpa hai| ukta jIvAdi tattvoM meM bahata samaya se chipI haI Atmajyoti ddhanaya ke dvArA prakaTa hotI hai| vaha Atmajyoti yA AtmasvarUpa samasta naimittika bhAvoM se bhinna hai, eka rUpa hai, tathA pada pada para caitanya camatkAra mAtra prakAzamAna hai| ukta Atmajyoti kI jo anubhUti hai, vahIM yAtmakhyAti hai tathA jo AtmakhyAti hai, vahIM sabhyagdarzana hai| aisA samyagdarzana jise prakaTa hotA hai use dUsaroM se pUchane kI jarUrata nahIM par3atI, kyoMki usake prakaTa hone para prAtmA kI tRpti tathA vacana agocara sukha kI prApti hotI hai| vaha sukha tatkAla hI svayaM ke anubhava meM prAtA hai / samyagdarzana ke poSaka pATha maMga :- samyagdarzana ke poSaka pATha aMga mAne gaye haiN| unameM sarvajJadeva kathita samasta jIvAdi padArtho ke anekAntAtmaka svarUpa meM zaMkA na karanA prathama nizaMkti aMga hai| isa loka meM aizvarya-sampadA Adi tathA paraloka meM cakravartI, nArAyaNa Adi padoM tathA ekAMtavAdI anya dharmoM kI bAMchA nahIM karanA dUsarA nikAMkSita aMga hai / bhUkha pyAsa. sardI garmI prAdi vibhinna bhAvoM meM tathA malina padArthoM meM glAni nahIM karanA tosarA nivicikitsA aMga hai| loka meM zAstrAbhAsa, dharmAbhAsa tathA debalAbhAsa meM tattvarUcivAna puruSoM dvArA sadA mUr3hatA rahita zradAna karanA cauthA yamuDhaDhaSTi aMga haiM / dusare ke doSoM ko DhakanA tathA mArdava, kSamA, saMtoSAdi dharma kI apane meM vRddhi karanA pAcavAM upagahana aMga hai| kAma krodha mada lobha Adi vikAra ke kAraNa nyAyamArga se vicalita hue svayaM tathA para ko puna: sthita karanA chaThavAM sthiti karaNa aMga hai / mokSa sukhasaMpadA kA kAraNa dharma 1. pu. mi. 20, 21 2. vahIM, 22 3. samayasAra gA. 13 kI nAtmakhyAti TIkA, tathA kalaza R 5 4. samayasAra gA. 206 kI AtmakhyAti TIkA /

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468 | [ AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva ahiMsA tathA sAdharmIjanoM meM vAtsalya bhAva rakhanA sAtavAM vAtsalya aMga hai / niraMtara apanI AtmA ko ratnatraya ke teja se prabhAvanA yukta karanA aura dAna, tapa, jinapUjana evaM jJAnAtizaya dvArA jaina dharma kI prabhAvanA karanA pAThavAM prabhAvanA aMga hai|' uparokta prAThoM aMgoM meM kisI bhI aMga kI hInatA hone para samyagdarzana janma maraNa ko paramparA ko nAza karane meM samartha nahIM hotA, jisa prakAra akSarahIna maMtra viSavedanA ko dUra karane meM samartha nahIM hotA / ataH aSTa aMgasahita samyagdarzana dhAraNa karanA grahastha kA sarvaprathama kartavya hai / samyagjJAna kI pRthaka upAsanA kA upadeza : yadyapi samyagdarzana ke sAtha hI samyagjJAna utpanna hotA hai tathApi samyagdarzana ke pazcAt samyagjJAna kI pRthak ArAdhanA karanA zreyaskara hai. kyoMki donoM meM lakSaNa bheda se bhinnatA hai| sabhyagdarzana kAraNa hai tathA samyagjJAna kAya hai| samyagjJAna kA svarUpa :--prazasta anekAMtAtmaka padArthoM kA nirNaya karanA hI samyagjJAna hai / vaha samyagjJAna bhI saMzaya vipardhaya tathA anabhyavasAya se rahita AtmA kA hI strarUpa hai / samyagjJAna ke poSaka ATha prama :- samyagdarzana kI taraha samyAjJAna ke poSanaH aATha aMga haiN| unameM mAtra zabda rUpa pATha ko jAnanA prathama vyNjn|caar hai, mAtra artha ko jAnanA, dvitIya arthAcAra aMga hai, zabda tathA artha donoM ko jAnanA ubhayAcAra nAmaka tRtIya aMga hai, sUryodaya, sUryAsta, madhyAnha tathA madhyarAtri ko chor3akara yogya kAla meM paTanapATanAdi karanA kAlAcAra nAmaka caturtha aMga hai| vinayapUrvaka ArAdhanA karanA paMcama binayAcAra aMga hai, paThitAMza ko smaraNa (dhAraNA) meM rakhanA upadhAnAcAra nAmaka SaSTha aga haiM, zAstra tathA adhyApaka kA Adara karanA saptama bahubhAnAcAra praga hai tathA jJAnapradAtA guru kA upakAra lopa 1. 2. 3. 4. pU. si. 23-30 ra. ka. zrA. padya 21 pu. si. 31, 32, 33 vahIM, 35

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dhArmika vicAra ] [ 466 nahIM va.ranA aSTama anivAcAra nAmaka aga hai|' isa prakAra aSTa agama hita samya jJAna kI upAsanA karanI caahie| samyakcAritra kI grArAdhanA kA upadeza : ___ samyagdarzana dvArA darzanamoha ko nAzakara, tathA sambajJAna dvArA tatvArtha ko jAnakara sadAkAla akampa samyakacAritra kA avalaMbana karanA caahie| prajJAna sahita cAritra kA sevana samyAcAritra nAma nahIM pAtA ataH samyagjJAna ke bAda hI sabhyazcAritra kI ArAdhanA kahI gaI hai / / samyakcAritra kA svarUpa : samasta pApayukta mana-vacana-kAyarUpa yogoM ke tyAga se saMpUrNa kaSAya rahita, nirmala parapadArthoM se viraktikA samyak cAritra hai| vaha samyakcAritra bhI yAtmasvarUpa hai / vahAM pAMcoM pApoM ke eka dedA tyAgarUpa dezavata tathA sarvadeza tyAga rUpa mahAyata ye cAritra ke do prakAra hai| vAstava meM gaMcoM T!pa hiMgAmA hI haiM : mAjI sabhI gabhita ho jAte hai tathApi ziyoM kA samajhAne ke lie hI usake 5 bheda udAharaNa svarUpa kaheM haiN| hisA hisA kA lakSaNa :- kaSAya ke kAraNa pariNamita mana-vacanakAya ke yoga se jo dravya tayA bhAvarUpa donoM prakAra ke prANoM kA ghAta hai vaha nizcaya ne hiMsA hai / athavA rAgAdi bhAvoM kI utpatti hI hiMsA hai tathA unakI utpatti na honA hI ahiMmA hai. yahI hiMsA prahiMsA ke saMbaMdha meM jinAgama kA sAra hai / yadyapi parabastu ke kAraNa thoDI bhI hiMsA nahIM hotI tathApi pariNAmoM kI nirmalatA ke lie hiMsA ke sthAnoM kA parityAga karanA ucita hai / dravya tathA bhAva hiMsA ke vizeSoM ko samajhAra samasta prakAra ke AbhAgoM kA tyAga karanA ucita hai / hisA ke abhiprAya vAlA jIva dravyAhiMsA na hone para bhI hiMsA ke phala ko bhogatA hai jabaki tadAzaya rahita ko dravyahiMsA hone para bhI hiMsA kA phala prApta nahIM hotA / tIvra kaSAyI jIva ko hiMsA kama hone para bhI hiMsA kA phala bahuta hotA hai / jaise 1. 2. 3. 4. . si. 3: raTTI ".. vahI 6, 40. 4 pu. mi. 43. 44

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500 / [ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva machalI, hariNa prAdi ko mArane ke amiprAya se yukta DhImara tathA baheliyA Adi | tathA maMdakaSAyavAn ko yahiMsA adhika hone para bhI hiMsA kA phala kama hotA hai jaise kisAna prAdi / ' eka sAtha kaI janoM dvArA kI gaI hiMsA kA phala pariNAmAnusAra bhinna-bhinna hotA hai / kisI ko hiMsA karane ke pUrva hI hiMsA kA phala mila jAtA hai, kisI ko hiMsA ke kAla meM hI hiMsA kA phala milatA hai tathA kisI ko hiMsA karane kA prArambha karake hiMsA na karane para bhI hiMsA kA phala milatA hai| jaise kisI kA mArane kA ghAta lagAkara baiTha hae jana kA hI ghAta ho jAtA hai tathA mae svayaM hI samudra meM tuphAnAdi se mara jAte haiM / isa taraha spaSTa hai ki hiMsA kAya bhAvoM ke anusAra hI phalatI hai / isI taraha eka hiMsaka ke aneka anumodana katrioM ko hiMsA kA phala hotA hai| aneka janoM dvArA kI gaI hiMsA kA phala eka ko hI milatA hai / jaise senA hiMsA karatI hai tathA phala rAjA bhogatA hai / hiMsA kisI ko udaya kAla meM adhika to kimI ko kama phala detI hai / isa prakAra hisya, himaka, hiMsA tathA hiMsAphaloM ko jAnakara yathAzakti hiMsA kA parityAga karanA cAhie / __ pAMca udumbara phaloM tathA tIna makAroM ke tyAga kA upaveza :- hiMsA ke tyAga ke icchuka janoM ko sarvaprathama prayatnapUrvaka madya, mAMsa tathA madhu ina tIna makAroM kA tathA bar3a, popala, gulara, Umara, kaTUmara ina pAMca udumbaroM kA tyAga karanA cAhie kyoMki inase mahAna hisA hotI hai| madya kA svarUpa :- madirA mana ko mohita karatI hai| mohita citavAlA puruSa dharma ko bhUla jAtA hai tathA dharma ko bhUlA humA jIva nizzaMka hokara hiMsA kA AcaraNa karatA hai / madirA rasa bahuta se jIvoM kI utpatti kA sthAna hai ataH madya sevana karane vAle ko unakI hiMsA avazya hotI hai| abhimAna, bhaya, glAni, hAsya. arati, zoka, kAma, krodhAdi sabhI hiMsA ke bheda haiM aura yaha sabhI madirA ke nikaTavartI hai / manatyAgI ko ina sabhI kA tyAga karanA caahie| mAMsa kA svarUpa :- prANiyoM ke ghAta binA mAMsotyati nahIM hotI isalie mAMsabhakSI puruSa ko anivArya rUpa se hiMsA lagato hai, / svayaM mare 1. pu. mi. 46, 51, 52 2. vahI 53 se 60 3. pu. si. 61-64

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dhArmika vicAra | [ 501 hue prANI ke mAMsa meM bhI uso jAti ke nigodiyA jIva hote haiM, ataH mAMsa bhakSo ko unakI hiMsA lagatI hai / kaccI, pakI yA pakato huI mAMsa peziyoM meM usI jAti ki sammUcrchana jIvoM kI niraMtara utpatti hotI rahatI hai ataH sarvaprakAra ke mAMsa bhakSaNa meM hiMsA anivArya rUpa se hotI hai / isalie mAMsa bhakSaNa kA parityAga karanA caahie| madhu kA svarUpa :-madhu kI eka bUda bhI madhumakkhiyoM kI hiMsA rUpa hotI hai / svayaM patita madhu meM uso jAti ke anaMtajIva utpanna hote haiM ataH usake khAne se mahAna hiMsA hotI hai / isI prakAra makkhana ko bhI hiMsA kA kAraNa jAnakara tyAga karanA cAhie / pAMca udumbaroM kA svarUpa :--pAMca udumbaroM meM aneka basa jIvoM kI utpatti hotI hai, ata: unake bhakSaNa se mahAna hiMsA hotI hai isalie unakA bhI parityAga karanA cAhie / uparokta pATha padArthoM kA tyAgI athavA aSTamUla guNoM kA dhArI hI jina dezanaH zravaNa karane ke pAtra hai / isa prakAra amRtadazA (mokSa kI kAraNa rUpa ahiMsArUpI rasAyana pAkara ke bhI ajJAnI jIvoM kA asaMgata vartana dekhakara vyAkula nahIM honA cAhie / / rAtribhojana tyAga kA upadeza :-- rAtri bhojana meM bhAva himA tathA dravya hiMsA donoM hotI hai / rAta dina kA bheda kiye binA pAhAra grahaNa karane meM rAgAdi kI tIvratA pAI jAtI hai / jaise anna ke pAsa tathA mAMsa ke grAsa grahaNa meM mUI ko nyUnAdhikanA hotI hai usI prakAra dina ke bhojana grahaNa tathA rAtri ke bhojana grahaNa meM bhI mUrchA kI nyUnAdhikatA pAI jAtI hai, ata: rAtri meM bhojana meM bhAva hiMsA adhika hotI hai sUrya ke prakAza meM sUkSma jIvotpatti nahIM hotI tathA sUkSma jIvoM ko dekhA bhI jA sakatA hai, paraMtu rAtri meM dIpaka grAdi ke prakAza meM jIvoM kI utpatti bhI vizeSa hotI hai tathA unheM dekhA bhI nahIM jA sakatA prataH rAtri bhojana meM dravya hiMsA bhI hotI hai, ataH ahiMsAdi pAMca nato kI surakSA ke lie rAtri bhojana tyAga avazya karanA cAhie / 1. pR. si.. 65-71 2. vahI, 72-75 tathA 75 3. vI, 129, 122. 135

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502 / | prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva tIna guNa vratadhAraNa kA upaveza :--- zrAvakoM ko paMcAvanoM ke uparAMta tIna gRNavata dhAraNa karane yogya kahe haiM / ve tIna haiM - divrata, dezanata tathA anarthadaNDavrata / dignata kA svarUpa :- bhalI bhAMti prasiddha grAma, nadI, parvatAdi dvArA sabhI dizAoM meM maryAdA karake una dizAnoM meM samAna na karane kI pratijJA karatA diAnata hai / dezavrata kA svarUpa :- digbala kI maryAdAnoM ke aMtargata grAma, bAjAra makAna, mohallA ityAdi kA parimANa karake usa maryAdA se bAhara na jAnA dezavata hai| anarthadaNDavata kA svarUpa :- yaha pAMca prakAra kA hai| isameM zikAra, jaya, parAjaya, pula para trIsamAna cArA Adi kA kisI bhI samaya citavana nahIM karanA, apadhyAna tyAga nAmaka prathama anarthadaya Davata' hai / vidyA, dhyApAra. lekhana, peto naukarI tathA kArIgarI prAdi se nirvAha karane vAle puruSoM ko pApa kA upadezaka bacana kabhI nahIM kahanA caahie| yaha pAmopadeza tyAga nAma kA dUsarA anarthadaMDavata hai| pRthvI khodanA, vRkSa ukhAinA. atizaya ghAsabAlI. bhUmi rauMdanA, pAnI sIMcanA Adi: patra, phUla tor3anA Adi kArya binA prayojana nahIM karanA pramAdacI tyAga nAmaka tIsarA anarthadaNDannata hai / karI, viSa, agni, hala, talavAra, dhanuSa Adi hiMsA ke sAdhanoM ko aura ko denA chor3anA, hisAdAna tyAga nAmaka cauthA anarthadaNDavata hai / gaga-dveSa mohAdi vardhaka, adhikAMza prajJAnAMza yutaH duSTa kathAeM sunanA, dhAraNa karanA tathA sIkhanA ityAdi kA tyAga duHzrati tyAga nAmaka pAMcavA anarthadaNDavata haiN| jumA tyAga kA upadeza : sapta dhyasanoM meM prathama saba anarthoM meM mukhya saMtoSa kA nAzaka, mAyAcAra kA ghara, corI aura asatya kA sthAna svarUpa prAdura se hI tyAganA cAhie / cAra zikSAvatoM ke dhAraNa kA upaveza : tIna guNavatoM ke bAda cAra prakAra ke zikSAyatoM ke dhAraNa kA bhI upadeza jinAgama meM hai| vahAM rAga-dveSa ke pAga se samasta padArthoM meM sAmya - -- --. - 1. pu. si. 137, 136, 141, 145 2. vahI 146

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dhArmika vicAra ! [ 503 bhAva ko aMgIkAra karake zrAtma tattva kI prApti kA mUla kAraNarUpa sAmAyika bahuta bAra karanA caahie| sAmAyika mukhyataH rAtri tathA dina aMta meM avazya karanA cAhie : anya kisI bhI sAmAyika karane meM doSa nahIM hai| sAmAyika ke samaya cAritramoha ke udaya hone para bhI samasta pApoM kA tyAga hone se mahAvrata hotA hai / yaha sAmAyika nAmaka prathama zikSAbata hai / sAmAyika kI puSTi hetu donoM pakSoM kI aSTamI caturdazI ke dina upavAsa karanA caahie| upavAsa ke lie samasta Arambha se mukta hokara, zarIrAdi kA mamatva tyAga kara parva ke pahale dina meM hI upavAsa dhAraNa karanA cAhie / pazcAt saMpUrNa 48 ghaMTe kA kAla dharmadhyAna meM hI vyatIta karanA cAhie / ' yaha dvitIya pravAsa nAmaka zikSAvrata hai | dezavratI bhAvaka bhogopabhoga se hone vAlI hiMsA se bacane ke lie bhoga tathA upabhoga kI vastunoM meM bhI parimANa kara letA hai, zeSa kA tyAga kara detA hai / isake aMtargata canatakAya bAje Aditya bahuta hI bIdoM kI utpatti kA sthAna makkhana Adi kA tyAga karanA hai / yaha tIsarA bhogopabhogaparimANa nAmaka zikSAvata hai / gRhastha ko vidhipUrvaka dAtAra ke saptaguNa tathA navadhAbhakti yukta apane nimitta se banAye hue zuddha bhojana kA aMza arthAt grAhAra dAna karanA caahie| dAtAra ke 7 guNa isa prakAra haiM - isa loka saMbaMdhI phala kI icchA na karanA sahanazIla honA, niSkapaTa honA, Iparihita honA, pratribhAva honA, harSanAva honaa| navadhA bhakti meM par3agAhana uccAsana pradAna, pAdaprakSAlana, pUjA karanA, namaskAra karanA, manazuddhi, kAyazuddhi tathA bhojanazuddhi ye natra bAteM parigaNita haiN| zreSTha tapa tathA svAdhyAya kI vRddhi meM sahAyaka dravya hI dAna karanA caahie| dAna ke yogya pAtra vyakti tIna prakAra ke hote haiN| vratarahita sampAdRSTi dezavratI zrAvaka tathA sakalanatI muni ye tInoM pAtra mokSamArgI haiN| isa prakAra yaha yAtrata yA atithi saMvibhAga vrata nAmaka cauthA guNavrata hai / isa prakAra pA~ca abata aura cAra zikSAtrata ye 12 vrata zrAvakoM ke dhAraNa yogya zrAvakAcAra hai | inake dhAraNa ke pazcAt maraNa ke samaya sallekhanA dhAraNa karane kA bhI vidhAna hai / 1. pu.si. 148, 154 2. vahIM, 161 se 171 r 1

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504 / sallekhanA kA svarUpa: avazya hone vAle maraNa ke samaya ke pUrva se ho kAya tathA kaSAya ko kSINa karanA lekhanA hai / isameM rAgAdi vibhAvoM kA abhAva hoga se AtmaghAta kA doSa bhI nahIM hai 1 AtmaghAtI to vaha hai jo kaSAyAviSTa hokara zvArA nirodha tathA jala, agni, viSa zastrAdi se apane prANoM ko pRthaka karatA hai| jinokta sallekhanA yA samAdhimaraNa to kaSAyoM kI kSoNatA karane vAlI tathA ahiMsA kI siddhi karane vAlI hone se avazya dhAraNa karane yogya hai / ! zrAcArya amRtacandra vyaktitva evaM kartRtva uparyukta samyagdarzana. 12 vrata, tathA sallekhanA meM doSa paidA karane vAne pratyeka ke pAMca pAMca praticAra bhI kahe haiM / unake tyAga se nirdoSa paripUrNa zrAvakAcAra pAlana hotA hai / isa prakAra uparokta samasta praticAroM kA tyAga karake zrAvakAcAra kA paripUrNa nirdoSa pAlana karane bAlA dyAtmA zIghra hI anyakAla meM puruSa ke prayojana - mokSa kI siddhi karatA hai / isa taraha prAcArya amRtacandra dvArA vaoNgata muni - prAcAra tathA zrAvakAcAra, jainAcArya paramparA meM samaMtabhadra ke bAda sarvAdhika pramANika mAnA gayA hai, tathA vyApakatA se pracalita huA hai, bAda ke sabhI zrAvakAcAra viSayaka nirUpaNa uparokta vicAroM para hI AdhArita hai / kRtakRtyaH paramapade paramAtmA sakala viSaya viSayAtmA / paramAnanda nimagno jJAnamayo nambati pu. si. 177-179 zranvayArthaH -- kRtakRtya, samasta padArtha jinake viSaya haiM arthAt sarva padArthoM ke jJAtA viSayAnanda se rahita jJAnAnanda meM atizaya magna jJAnamaya jyotirUpa muktAtmA sarvocca mokSapada meM nirantara hI AnandarUpa se virAjamAna haiN| zrAcArya amRtacandra : puruSArtha siddhayupAya sadaiva / / 224|| JAAJ

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aSTama adhyAya upasaMhAra 1. prAcArya amRtacandra kA vaiziSTaya : ___prAcArya amRtacandra ke vizAla vyaktitva tathA vyApaka kartatva para gata sadhyAyoM meM vizad prakAza DAlA gayA hai| unake kucha mahatvapUrNa vaiziSTya saMkSapa meM isa prakAra haiM : prathama - prAcArya amRtacandra kA samagna vyattitya adhyAtmaniSTha, nija zuddhAtmAmRta se paripUrNa tathA pralaukika hai| ve apanI sahasravarSIya pUrvAcArya paramparA ke unnAyaka baM samprasAraka hai / sAtha hI apanI sahasravarSIya uttaravartI ziSya paramparA ke praNetA evaM adhyAtmadhArA ke pravAhaka haiN| dUsare - ve cirasthAyI. parama hitakArI evaM paramAnandAmRta rasa bharita sAhitya ke asAdhAraNa praNetA haiM / unakI samasta RtiyAM unake bahumukhI vyaktitva kI amara mmAraka haiM / ve kRtiyA~ maulika hoM yA bhASyarUpa, dravyAnayoga viSayaka hoM yA caraNAnuyoga sambandhI, jJAnaparaka hoM yA bhaktiparaka, dArzanika hoM yA dhArmika - sabhI meM eka advitIya alokika adhyAtmarasa chalakatA hai / tIsare - unhoMne apanI samasta kRtiyoM ke prArambha meM anekAMta athavA syAdvAda kI mahimA avazya pradarzita kI hai| sarvatra hI unhoMne pranakAMtamayI bastUsvarUpa kA nidarzana syAdvAdamayI nirUpaNa zailI meM hI kiyA hai| nizcaya-vyavahAra naya kA samanvita yathArtha svarUpa bhI suspaSTa kiyA hai| ___ cauthe -- unhoMne sabhI TIkAyeM evaM maulika racanAyeM atyaMta paddhatA, samarpaNatA tathA magnatA ke sAtha kI haiN| unakI sabhI TokAyeM - "prathasUtrAvatAra' zabda se prArambha hotI haiM aura graMtharacanA ke ahaMkAra ke vikalpa

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506 / [ prApA amRtacandra : ravi evaM kA kA niSedha karatI huI samApta hotI haiN| TIkAnoM ke aMta meM unhoMne svayaM apane ko 'svarUpa gupta amRtacandra" ghoSita kiyA hai. granthakartA amRta candra nhiiN| pAMcave - pratyeka racanA ke prArambha meM hI grantha racanA kA uddezya, pratipAdya vastu tathA phala spaSTa ghoSita kiyA gayA hai| pratipAdya vastu kI siddhi meM yApta, Agama, anumAna aura AtmAnubhava kA AdhAra liyA gayA hai| tatva nirUpaNa meM yuktiyoM, tako tathA dRSTAMtoM ko prastuta kiyA gayA hai| chaThaveM - unatrI vAtiyAM prAlaMkArika, prauTa, artha-pragambhA. kiSTa tathA vidyamAna-manahAnI saMskRta bhASA meM nirmita hai| unhoMne sabhI kRtiyoM meM svAnubhava kI matI gnadhyAtma rasikatA kI chApa chor3I hai / sAtha hI kisI bhI kRti meM unhoMne apana kula, guru, ziSya tathA sthAnAdi kA thor3A bhI saMketa nahIM kiyA hai jo unakI parama nispRhatA kA zreSTha pramANa hai| sAtaveM - unakI kRtiyAM unake yuga ko sAmAjika, dhArmika, sAhityika tathA rAjanItika paristhitiyoM kI jhalaka bhI prastuta karatI haiN| hiMsA, ahiMsA aAdi siddhAMtoM kA vizad spaSTIkaraNa isakA pramANa hai| bhATa - utthAnikA yA bhAva sUcanA pUrvaka TIkA likhane kI galI kA sUtrapAta mI unhoMne kiyA hai. jisakA anukaraNa pazcAdvartI aneka TokAkAroM ne kiyA hai| saMskRta gadyakAvya. gadyakAvya tathA mithakAvya ke praNamana meM paM siddhahasta evaM landha prtisstth| vistRta bhAgyokta bhAvoM ko sArarUpa meM iloka rUpa kalaza meM bharane kI unameM prapUrva kSamatA thii| tabameM - samayasAra kI prAtmakhyAti TIkA ke aMta meM syAvAda evaM upAya-jaya adhikAra racakara advitIya kArya kiyA hai| ukta adhikAra prAtmakhyAti TIkA kA esA baMziSTya hai jo anyatra sulabha nahIM hai| isI adhikAra kI samApti para satAlIma AtmazaktiyoM kA svarUpa darzana bhI jaina adhyAtma sAhitya meM jor3a hai| isI prakAra pravacanasAra nI tattvapradIpikA TIkA ke anta meM saMtAlIsa nayoM kA sarala, spaSTa evaM sodAharaNa varNana vA tava meM arNanIya hai| paMcAstikAya kI samaya vyAkhyA TIkA ke anta meM nizcayA bhAbhI, vyavahArAbhAsI kA svarUpa tathA samyagdRSTi ke yathArtha zraddhAna, jJAna, va yAcaraNa kA spaSTIkaraNa jaina adhyAtma

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upasaMhAra / [ 507 sAhitya meM anupama nidhi hai| ukta varNana tattvAmyAsiyoM, mokSamArgAbhilApiyoM evaM mokSamAgiyoM - sabhI ke lie atyanta hitakArI evaM mahattvapUrNa hai| dasaveM - puruSArtha siddhayupAya meM samasta prakAra ke rAgAdi bhAvoM kI utpati ko hilA tathA anutpatti ko diyA aura puNyAlaya no bhopayoga kA aparAdha koSita karanA adhyAtma pravapA prAcArya amRta candra kI adhyAtma dRSTi kA anupama niyaMda hai| 'la tatva sphoTa' nAmaka stotra kAvya dvArA jaina darzana, adhyAtma tathA bhakti mArga ko pradIpta kiyA hai| ukta kRti prAcArya yamatacandra ko saiddhAMtika vijJatA, jinendraniSTA tathA adhyAtmarasikatA ke caramotkarSa kI pratIka hai| saMskRta vAGamaya meM pratIkAtmaka nATayazalI tathA jampU kAvya-zailI kA saphala prayoga bhI anupama hai| isa pravAra prAcArya amRtacandra ke bucha vaiziSTyoM kA yaha saMkSepa hai| 2. adhyAtmavAda ke lie prAcArya amRtacandra kA yogadAna : prAcArya kundakunda ke granthoM kI racanA hone ke bAda yadyapi prAcArya paramparA meM adhyAtma kA paryApta hA se rasAsvAdana humaa| usake prAdhAra para hI saMmatabhadra. pujyapAda, grakalaMkadava, vidyAnadi, guNabhadra yAdi AcAryoM ne adhyAtma kA rahasyodghATana kiyA hai, tathApi ukta rahasyodghATana isa taraha sarvajanagAhA tathA sulabha nahIM ho sakA jisase ki pratyeka mamakSa sahaja rUpa se kanda ke sAhitya meM nirUpita adhyAtma ke gahana rahasya ko hRdayaMgama kAra mAtma-mayANonmamsa ho sake / sAhityika patra meM yaha eka bahuta bar3I kamI thii| prAcArya amRtacandra ne isa kamI kA anubhava kiyA tathA 'ima nikRSTa paMcamakAla meM bhI pratyeka bhavya prANI adhyAtma rasa pIkara mokSamArga kA nisarapA karane meM samartha ho sake hama parama udAla bhAvanA ko dhyAna rakhakara hI unhone andananda prAbhRtaya samaya sAra. pravacanasAra tathA paMcAgni kAya para sAragabhita, bhASika TIkAye likhiiN| isake sAtha hI tadanasaMgI aura bhI mAlikA sAhitya kA nirmANa kara adhyAtmavAda ke kSetra meM akSugNa, apUrva aura asAdhAraNa yogadAna diyaa| jahAM kalikAla ke prabhAva se prajJAnamayI mAnyatAnoM ke medhoM se AcchAdita sAhitya-grAkAza meM adhyAtma ke upadAdA khadyotavat TimaTimAte the.' vahAM prAcArya pragRtacandra apana' candropama vyaktitva ke sAtha prAvirbhUta 1. sAgara dhamAmRta (paM. ASAdhara) a./1 padya naM. 7

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508 ] / AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva hue tathA unhoMne apanI kRtiyoM dvArA adhyAtma kI zItala zAMti dAyinI cAMdanI bihera kara patha bhraSTa pathikoM ko parama kalyANa kA patha pradarzita kiyaa| unakA vyaktitva adhyAtmavAda kA aisA draha thA jisase unakI kutiyoM rUpI adhyAtma taraMgiNI pravAhita huI jo cirakAla taka adhyAtma vAda kI dhArA ko isa dharA-dhAma para pravAhita karatI rhegii| yaha prAcArya - amRtacandra kA adhyAtmavAda ke lie mahAn yogadAna hai| kundakundArya ne jima tattva kA pratipAdana bar3I sarala rIti se kiyA hai, AcArya amRtacandra ne usI kA vivecana apane samaya kI pANDitya pUrNa dArzanika zailI meM kiyA hai| isa prakAra unhoMne kundakunda dvArA pratipAdita AdhyAtma ko dArzanika zailI meM avatarita karake kundakunda ke pazcAt vikAsa ko prApta hue dArzanika mantavyoM ko bhI usameM samanvita karane kI - ceSTA kI hai| itanA hI nahIM, kundakunda ke granthoM meM jo tattva nihita the, kintu aspaSTa the, unheM bhI unhoMne spaSTa karake jaina tattvajJAna ko samRddha banAyA hai|' adhyAtmabAda vaha nirvikalpa ramAyana hai jisake sevana se AtmA apane svAnubhava rUpa aAtma teja se camakane lagatA hai tathA AtmA meM amRta dhArA bahane lagatI hai| prAtmA paramAnaMda sAgara meM nimagna hokara parama tRpti ko prApta karatA hai / kundakunda ne ukta uddezya se hI apane prAtmAnubhava ke vaibhava se adhyAtma rahasyabhata manthoM kA praNayana kiyA hai / prAcArya amRtacandra ne adhyAtma rasapUrita, paramAnanda kI mastI meM jhUmale hue apanI TokAyeM racI haiN| unhoMne kundakunda ke adhyAtma tathA AtmAnubhUti viSayaka rahasyoM kA udghATana karake use sarvasAdhAraNa ko bhI sulabha banAyA hai, 2 unhoMne hiMsA ko mokSa kI kAraNabhUta parama rasAyana likhA hai|' sAtha hI isa ahiMsA tatva ko nayaddaSTi dvArA samajhane kI anokhI dRSTi pradAna kI hai| isI taraha AtmakhyAti TIkA ke anta meM pariziSTa rUpa meM syAdvAda adhikAra tathA upAya-upeya adhikAra jor3a kara jaina adhyAtma ko samajhane kI kunjI pradAna kI hai| jisase adhyAtma kA saMdeza ghara ghara phailA hai| 1. ja. sA. kA ti paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI) pR. 176 2. zrI kundakundAcArya kA jIvana paricara-saMgrAhaka na. yavAnanda, pR. 6 ro taka 3. pu. si. 78 (kApI naM. 2 pR. 63) 4. A. zAMtisAgara janmazatAbdi smRti grantha pR. 35 (prArambhika)

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upasaMhAra | | 506 pravacanasAra ke jJeyAdhikAra meM dravya svarUpa kA vizleSaNa karate hue AcArya pramRtacandra ne jo tiryaya aura urdhvapracaya kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai | vaha unakI eka aisI dena hai jo unase pUrva ke sAhitya meM nahIM pAI jAtI / sAtha hI unhoMne kAladravya ko anurUpa siddha karane meM jo upapatti dI hai, vaha unake jaina tattvajJAnaviSayaka apUrva pANDitya kI paricAyaka hai tathA adhyAtmavAda ke lie amUlya yogadAna bhI hai / 3. vartamAna yuga ke lie unakI dena : adhyAtma kA loka meM gradhyAtma ke nAma para aneka vicAradhArAyeM pracalita haiM / inameM kisI kA dhyAna brahmAdvaita kI prarUpaNA karane vAle sAhitya kI ora jAtA hai aura bahutoM kA dhyAna upaniSadoM kI ora mur3atA hai, parantu ve vahAM bhI adhyAtma ke rahasya ko rahasyamayI hI pAte haiM / marma spaSTa anubhava na hone se usake sampak parijJAna, zraddhAna tathA zrAcaraNa se vaMcita hI rahanA par3atA hai usakA anusaraNa grAtmakalyANa meM sAdhaka nahIM bana pAtA hai / ina sabhI samasyAoM kA hala na ho pAnA sAhityika kSetra kI eka bahuta bar3I kamI thii| ukta kamI ko prAcArya kundakunda ne prAkRta gAthAbaddha sAhitya racakara dUra karane kI saphala koziza kI kintu 1 kAlAntara meM kundakunda dvArA nirUpati adhyAtmadhArA kA vRddhigata arthahIna kriyAkANDa ke ghaTATopa meM, lopa mA ho gayA thaa| use punarpravAhita karane, kundakunda ke sUtroM kA marmodghATana karane aura jagat ko saccI zAMti va vinAzI sukha kA mArgapradarzana karane meM bAcArya amutacandra kI kRtiyAM + pUrNataH saphala huI haiN| unake dvArA pravAhita adhyAtmagaMgA cirakAla taka zrAtmahitaMbIjanoM ko preraNA evaM zAMtidAyinI banI rahegI / yahI unakI vartamAna yuga ko anupama dena hai / unhoMne bhAratIya vArmika saMskRta vAGmaya ko na kevala apanI amUlya kRtiyoM kI bheMTa hI pradAna kI hai zrapitu use bhalIbhAMti praur3hatA aura pragati bhI pradAna kI hai| sAtha hI use vikasita evaM susamRddha bhI kiyA hai / vartamAna meM samagra bhArata evaM videzoM meM prAcArya pramRtacandra kI parama AdhyAtmika kRtiyoM kA samAdara huA hai| unakI kRtiyA~ tAr3apatroM, kAgajoM tathA kapar3oM para saikar3oM varSoM me surakSita haiN| adhyAya caturtha meM pradatta sUciyA~ isa bAta kI prabala pramANa haiM ki prAcArya kundakunda ke bAda 1 jaisA kA itihAsa 4 1144 pR. 332

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510 ] | AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva adhyAtma ke kSetra meM yAcArya amRtacandra ke samagra sAhitya kA jitanA vyApaka pracAra va prasAra bhAratavarSa ke kone-kone meM huA hai, jitanI ke amRtacandra vyaktitva se adhyAtmadhArA dhanuprANita rahI tathA vartamAna meM hai utanA pracAra-prasAra granya grAcArya kI kRtiyoM kA saMbhavataH nahIM huA aura utanI anya AcArya ke vyaktitva se adhyAtma vArA anuprANita nahIM rahI hai / AcArya candra kI kRtiyoM kA vibhinna bhASAyoM meM vibhinna prakAzanoM saMskaraNoM tathA sthAnoM dvArA lAkhoM kI saMkhyA meM prakAza meM AnA, bhArata ke kone kone meM unakI kRtiyoM kA anavarata zradhyayana, manana, paThana-pAThana, pracAra evaM prasAra honA isa bAta kA pramANa hai ki samRtacandra kA vyaktitva mahatvapUrNa varadAna aura unakI kRtiyAM mahatvapUrNa dena haiM / "unakA bahumukhI vyaktitva eka aisA suvyavasthita jIvanarUpI guladastoM hai, jisameM vyaktitva ke vibhinna prasUna praphullita, saurabhita evaM suzobhita haiN| ye antarmukha kavIndra, prItama sAhityasRSTA, sakala vaiyAkaraNa, labdhapratiSTha bhASAvid sthAvitrA ziddhAnetA advitIya tArkika, naiyAyika, grapAdaka adhyAtmarasa meM nimagna rahane bAne svarUpagupta amRtacandra haiM / ve gambhIra adhyAtma rasika tathA adhyAtmayuga praNetA haiM / unakA kRtitva bhI vyApaka vimala evaM gambhIra hai| unake sAhitya se nirjharita adhyAtma pravAha dvArA prajJAna viSaya tathA kaSAya meM saMtapta janoM ko nirantara anupama zAMti, saMtuSTi evaM dyAnanda milatA rahegA / | unakA vyaktitva bhAratIya saMskRta vAG mayAkAza kA pUrNacandra hai, jaina pradhyAtmarasa kA dhruvatArA hai, digambara jaina zrAcArya paramparA kA mahAn ratna hai tathA unakA kartRtva vizAla, gahana evaM susamRddha hai, mahAn vaiziSTayoM kA ratnAkara dhaura cintAmaNiratnavat hitakara hai D

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sandarbha grantha sUcI ... . pANDulipiyA~ (hastalikhita) :1. paJcAstikAya - samayasAra : (padyAnuvAdaka-paM. hIrAnanda) racanAkAla 6543 1. lipikAle 1836. I., va jaina mandira, prAdarza nagara, jypur| 2 puruSArtha siddha yupAya : paM. ToDaramala kRta TIkA, racanAkAla 1770 I lipikAla 1586 I, lipikAra-phaterAma vyAsa, thI pAzrvanAtha di. jaina bar3A mandira, hanumAnatAla, jblpur| 3. paruSArtha siddha yupAya :paM. bhUdhara mitha kRta TIkA. racanAkAla 1814 I., lipikAla 1872 I., lipikAra-paMjavAra caube caMderI, zrI di. jaina mandira cauka-bhopAla / 4. puruSArtha siddha yupAya : paM bhUdhara mizra kRta TIkA, gcanAkAla 1814 I. lipikAla..., zrI pArzvanAtha di. jana bar3A mandira hanumAnatAla, jblpur| 5. pravacanasAra bhASA TokA : paM jodharAja godikA. racanAkAla, 1689 I., lipikAla 1672 I., di jaina terahapaMthI badA madira, jayapura / 6. pravacanasAra bhASA TIkA : paM. devIdAsa, racanAkAla 1767 I, lipikAla 1771 I , di. jaina terahapaMthI bar3A mandira, jypur| 7. pravacanasAra saTIka : AcArya amRtacandra kRta, lipikAla. 1736 I. di. jaina terahapaMthI bar3A mandira, jypur| samayasAra - prAtmakhyAti kalaza TIkA : yAcArya amRtacandra kRta, lipikAla, 1386 I , yoginIpura (dillI) meM pratilipi kI gaI, di. jaina teraha paMthI bar3A mandira, jypur| 1. samayasAra - prAtmalyAti kalaza TIkA : prAcArya amRta candra kRta, lipikAla 1665 I., saMgrAmapura meM lipi kI gaI, di. jai. ba. maM. jypur| 10. samayasAra kalaza TIkA : prAcArya amRta candra kRta, kapar3e para, lipi san 1611 I., di. je. te. ba. maM., jayapura /

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512 / [ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva 11. samayasAra kalazA : A. amRtacandra kRta, kAgaja para, lipikAla 1443 I., di. jai. te. ba. maM., jayapura / samayasAra kalazA : prA. amRtacandra kRta, kAgaja para, lipikAla 16:46., di. na. le. ba. mandira, jayapura / 13. samayasAra tAtparyavRtti : prA. jayasena kRta, kAgaja para, lipikAla 15:75 I., agalapara ma. pra. meM likhI gaI) di. jai. te. ba. ma., jypur| samayamAra bhASA TIkA : paM. jayacanda kRta, kAgaja para, lipikAla 1:68 I., : lekhaka kRta mala hastalikhita prati di. jai. te. ba. ma., jypur| 15. samayasAra bhASA TokA : paM jaya santa Rta. kAgaja para, lipikAla 1881 I. di. je. te. ba. maM., jayapura / siddhAnta grantha :-- 16. praSTasahasrI : prAyikA jJAnamatI jI, prakAzaka - bIra jJAnodaya graMthamAlA, (puSpa prathama, dillI, 1675 prathamAvRtti / 17. prApta parIkSA : vidyAnanda svAmI kRna, anuvAdaka - paM. darabArI lAla koThiyA, prakAzaka - vIra sevA mandira, sarasAvA (sahAranapura) 1946 I. prathamAvRtti / 16. pAlApapaddhati : TIkAkAra vra. ratanacanda mukhtAra. pra. - zrI zAMti vIra digambara jaina saMsthAna, mahAvIra jI (rAja.) 1670 I. prathamAvRtti / 16. kundakunda bhAratI : saMpAdakaH - paM. pannAlAla sAhityAcArya, prakAzaka zrutabhaNDAra graMtha prakAzana samiti, phalaTaNa / 1970 I. prathamAvRtti / gommaTasAra karmakANDa : TIkAkAra - paM. manoharalAla, prakAzaka-- revA zaMkara jagajIvana jauharI, paramazruta prabhAvaka maNDala, bambaI, 1928 1. dvitIyAvRtti / jainasattvamImAMsA : lekhaka - paM. phUlacanda siddhAMta zAstrI. prakAzaka - azoka prakAzana pandira, vArANasI, 1678 I. dvitIya saMskaraNa / 22. jaina siddhAMta pravezikA : paM. gopAladAsa varaiyA kRta, prakAzaka - jaina graMtha ratnAkara kAryAlaya, bmbii|

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sandarbha graMtha sUcI | 513 23. tattvapradIpikA TIkA (zrI pravacanasAra) anuvAdaka paM. parameSThIdAsa prakAzaka - zrI di. je. svA. maM. TrasTU, sonagar3ha 1964 I. dvitiyAvRtti / : 24. tattvArthasAra saMpAdaka paM. pannAlAla sAhityAcArya, prakAzaka zrI gaNeza prasAda varNI graMthamAlA, vArANasI, 1670 I. prathama saMskaraNa | 25. tasvArtha sUtra : sampAdaka va TIkAkAra - paM. rAmajI mA. dozI, zrI di. je rAjaga 1954 vRtIya zaraNa -- 26. tarkabhASA : kezavamizra kRta, sampAdaka- bizvezvara siddhAMta ziromaNi, prakAzaka - caukhambA saMskRta sIrIja, vArANasI, 1667 I. tRtIyAvRtti / 27. tiloyapaNpatti yativRSabhAcArya jIvarAja graMthamAlA, solApura 1942 I., prathama saMskaraNa / 28. dhavalA TIkA ( SaTkhaNDAgama) : TIkAkAra - AcArya bIrasena, sampAdaka DA. hIrAlAla jaina, pustaka 1, 2, 12 evaM 15, prakAzaka - jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha, solApura -2, I. 1673 | 26. nayacatra mAilladhavalakRta sampAdaka paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI, prakAzaka- bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana dillI, 1671 I. prathamAvRtti / - - 30. nimitta upAdAna saMvAda (dohA) : paM bhaiyA bhagavatIdAsa jI kRta, prakAzaka - di. je. svA mandira TrasTa sonagar3ha, 1664 I., prathamAvRtti / 1 31. paMcAdhyAyI : TIkAkAra paM. devakInandana zAstrI prakAzaka zrI gaNeza prasAda varNI jaina graMthamAlA, banArasa, 150 I. prathamAvRtti / 32. paMcAstikAya saMgraha : samayavyAkhyA TIkA hindI anuvAdaka, zrI maganalAla jaina, prakAzaka- 1 - di. je. svA. maM TrasTa, sonagar3ha / 1665 I.. dvitIyAvRtti / 1 33. paMcAstikAya: TIkAtrayopeta anuvAdaka- paM pannAlAla bAkalIvAla, prakAzaka- paramazrutaprabhAvaka maNDala, bambaI, 1914 I. dvitIyAvRtti / 34. paMcAstikAya: TIkAprayopetaH anuvAdaka paM. pannAlAla bAkalIvAla, prakAzaka - paramazruta prabhAvaka maNDala, pragAsa 1666 I. tRtIyAvRtti /

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514 / : AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva 35. paMcAstikAya-samayasAra : (padyAnuvAdaka - paM. hIrAnaMda) sampAdaka udayalAla kAzalIvAla, prakAzaka - hindI jaina sAhitya prasAraka kAryAlaya, bambara, 1616 I. prathamAvRtti / 36. paMcAstikAyasAra (aMgrejI : pro. e cakravartI, prakAzaka - dI senTrala jaina pabliziMga hAusa, ArA, 1620 I. prathamAvRtti / 35. paMcAstikAyasAra pragnajI) : pro e. catrAvartI, prakAzaka - bhAratIya jJAnapITha banArasa, 1675 I., dvitIyA vRtti / 38. prameyaratnamAlA : (anatavIrya AcArya kRta TobA) baca nikA paM. jayagada, prakAzaka-muni anaMtakIti granthamAlA samiti, cambaI, 1806 I. racanAkAla va nakA, prthmaavRtti| 31. pravacanasAra (aMgrejI) : pro. e. ena. upAdhye, prakAzaka - paramazruta prabhAvaka maNDala, zrImad rAjacandra jaina zAstramAlA, agAsa, 1664 I. tRtIyAvRtti / 40, pravacanasAra : tattvapradIpikA - tAtparya batti TIkA yiogata:) paM. ajita pranAda evaM na. ratanacanda-sampAdaka dvaya prakAzaka-zrI zAMti vIra di, jaM. saMsthAna, mahAbIra jI. 1967 I. / 41. pravacanasAra TIkA : tIsarA khaNDaH, TIkAkAra ba. zItalaprasAda, prakAzaka - mUlacaMda kizanadAsa kA DiyA, sUrata, 1696 I. prathamAvRtti / 42. pravacanasAra : titvapradIpikA TIkA), anuvAdaka-paM. parameSThIdAsa, prakAzaka di. jai svA. maM., sonagar3ha, 16:4. dvitIyAvRtti / 43. pravacanasAra : tattvapradIpikA) manu paM. parameSTodAsa, prakAzaka-zrI bI. sa. sA. pra. Tra. bhAvanagara, 16756. tRtIyAvRtti / 44. pravacanasAra paramAgama : kavibara vandAbana kRta, saMzodhaka-nAthUrAma pregI, prakAzaka -- jana hitaiSI kAryAlaya, bambaI, 1908 I. prathamAvRni / pravacanasAra paramAgama : kavivara vRndAvana kRta, saMzodhaka nAthUrAma premI, prakAzaka-bra, dulIcaMda jaina grathamAlA, sonagar3ha 1847 I. dvitIyAvati / 46. bhagavadgItA : (DA, rAdhAkRSNan) anuvAdaka - virAja ema. e., rAjapAla eNDa sansa. kAzmIrI geTa, dillI, 16666, caturthAvRtti /

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sandarbha graMtha sUcI ] 47. mokSamArga prakAzaka : paM. ToDaramala hatA hindI anuvAdaka - paM. maganalAla, prakAzaka - prA. ka, paM. ToDaramala granthamAlA, jayapura, 1666 I., prathamAvRtti / 48. rAjavAtika : prA. akalaMka svAmI vRta) prakAzaka - bhAratIya jJAnapITha, dillI, 1951 I. prathamAvRtti / 46. bRhad drabdha saMgraha (brahmadeva surihAta / prakAzaka - gaNezavaNI di. je. pra. mA. kharakharI (bihAra) 1658 I. prathamAvRtti / siddhi vinizcaya TokA pUrvArdha : anaMtavIryAcArya kRta) sampAdaka - paM. mahendra kumAra nyAyAcArya, prakAzaka - bhAratIya jJAnagITha, kAzI, 1656 I. prthmaavRtti| nATaka :-- 51. uttararAmacaritam : (vyAkhyAkAra-zrI zeSarAja zarmA) prakAzaka caukhambA saMgkRta mIrIja, Aphisa, vArANI, 1662 I. caturyAvRti / adhyAtma sAhitya :52. adhyAtma amRta kalajhA : mA. amRta candra kRt| vyAkhyAkAra-paM. jaganmohanalAla zAstro, prakAzaka-zrI candraprabhu digambara jaina mandira, kaTanI, 1675 I. prthmaavRtti| 53. pramatajyoti : saMpAdaka - nAnakacanda jaina, eDavokeMda, prakAzaka - lAlacaMda jaina eDavokeTa, rohataka, 1661 / ardhakathAnaka : (kavivara banArasIdAsa), sampAdaka-nAthUrAma premI, prakAzaka - yazodhara vidyAdhara modI, saMzodhita sAhityamAlA, bambaI 1657 1. dvitiiyaavRtti| 55. prAtmakhyAsi TIkA : amRta candrasUri kRtA) hindI anuvAdaka - paM. parameSThIdAsa nyAyatIrtha, prakAza -zro di. jai. svA. ma. Tra., sonagar3ha, 1664 I. tRtiiyaavRti| 56. prAdhyAtmika patrAvalA : (latoya bhAga) zrI gaNeza prasAda varmA, prakAzaka - jijJAsu maNDala. kalakattA. 1641 6. prathamAvRtti / 57. iSTopadeza : prAcArya pUjyapAda, TokA - paM. pAzAdhara kRta, prakAzaka - bIra sevA mandira, dillii| 54.

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516 ] | AcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva 58. kArtikeyAnuprakSA (anuvAda-paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI) TIkA DA. e. ena. upAdhye, prakAzaka - zrI rAjacandra jaina zAstramAlA gregAsa, 1260 I. prathamAvRtti 5.6. - kArtikeyAnuprakSA : (mUla), sampAdaka DA. e. ena. upAdhye, prakAzaka zrI rAjacandra jaina zAstramAlA, agAsa. 1666 I. prathamAvRti / 60. chahaDhAlA (saTIcA) anuvAdaka - maganalAla jaina, prakAzaka- di. jaina svA. mandira TrasTa sonagar3ha, 1960. prathamAvRtti | * 61. tattvAnuzAsana (muni rAmamena kRta) anuvAdaka - paM. jugala kizora mukhtAra, prakAzaka vIra sevA maMdira TrasTa, prakAzana, dillI, 1663 prathamAvRtti | - 62. nijAnanda mArtaNDa (zrI samayasAra nATaka) sampAdaka paM. munnAlAla indaura, prakAzaka - seTha hIrAlAla jI indaura, 1948 / 63. padmanaMdipaMcaviMzati sampAdaka - pro. e. ena. upAdhye va DA. horAlAla jaina, prakAzaka jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha, solApura, 1662 I. / - - 64. paramAtma prakAza TIkA (aMgrejI prastAvanA) DA e. ena. upAdhye, prakAzaka zrImad rAjacandra jaina Azrama, agAsa 1660 I. prathamAvRtti / 65. paramAtmaraMgiNI : (zAstrAkAra), paM. gajAdharalAla sampAdaka prakAzaka * bhA. jai. siddhAMta prakAzinI saMsthA, kala hallA | L 66. paramAdhyAtma raMgiNI ( pustakAkAra) prakAzaka - zAMtisAgara jaina siddhAMta prakAzinI saMsthA mahAvIra jI, 1362 I. 67. rahasyapUrNa ciTThI (mokSamArga prakAzaka grantha ke sAtha) prakAzaka paM. ToDaramalA granthamAlA, jayapura 1666, prathamAvRtti | -- - 68. samayaprAbhRtam (tAtparyavRtti AtmakhyAti TIkA vyaaptm| saM.paM. gajAdharalAla, prakAzaka- bhAratIya jaina siddhAMta prakAzinI saMsthA kAzI / 1618 I. prathamAvRtti | 7 66. samayasAra (grAtmakhyAti TIkAkAra paM. jayacanda, prakAzaka - zAMtisAgara jaina siddhAMta evaM zrutabhanDAra prakAzana saMsthA, phalaTaNa | 1956 I. prathamAvRtti /

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sandarbha graMtha sUcI | | 517 50. samayasAra : (dI necara yApha dI selphI pro. e. cakravartI, prakAzaka bhAratIya jJAnapITha kAzI / aMgrejI sIrIja graMthAMka 1, 1950 prathamAvRtti / 71. samayasAra kalaza nATakam : sampAdaka - kSu, prAdisAgara, prakAzaka ratanacanda sakhArAma zAha, solApura 1670 I. / 72. samayasAra kalaza TIkA : saM. - ba. zotala prasAda, pra. - mUlacaMda kizanadAsa kApar3iyA sUrata, 1626 prathama / 73. samayasAra kalaza : sampAdaka-paM. phUlacandajI, prakAzaka - di. je. svA. ma. TrasTra, sonagar3ha 1666 I. dvitIyAvRtti / 74. samayasAra : (jayasenIya TIkA! hindI TIkAkAra - prA. jJAnasAgara-jI, prakAzaka - zrI di. je. samAja , ajamera 1966 I. prathamAvRtti / / samayasAra nATaka : (paM. banArasIdAsa kRta) hindI TIkA -paM buddhilAla zrAba, prakAzaka - di. je. svA. maM. TrasTa, sonagar3ha, 1671 I. prthmaavRtti| 76. samayasAra nATaka : (paM. banArasIdAsa kRta) hindI TIkA-paM. buddhilAla zrAvaka, prakAzaka - zrI varSamAna pablika lAyabrarI dharmapurA, dillii| 77. samayasAra nATaka : (paM. banArasIdAsa kRta) hindI, paM. buddhilAla zrAvaka, prakAzaka-ja, pra. kA; bambaI 1626, prathamA / 78. samayasAra--(nijAnaMdIya bhASA TIkA) kSu. nijAnaMda, prakAzaka nijAnada jaina granthamAlA sahAranapura, 1951 prathamAvRtti / 76. samayasAra : (mUla) sampAdaka - paM. balabhadra jaina, prakAzaka - mantrI zrI kundakunda bhAratI dillI 1677 prathamAvRkti / 80. samayasAra vaibhava : paM. nAthUrAma DoMgarIya, prakAzana - di. jaina dharma kAryAlaya, indaura 1670 dvitIyAvRtti / samayasAra : saptadazAMgI TIkA) sahajAnanda varNI kRta pra. bhA. varNI jaina sAhitya mandira mujaphpharanagara, 1677 I. prathamaH / sahajasukha sAdhana : lekhaka - pra. zItala prasAda jI, prakAzaka-amaragranthamAlA, indaura, 1672 I. dvitIyAvRtti / 82.

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[ AcArya amRta candra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva 83. jJAnArNava : zuganandrAcArya kRna) anuvAdaka paM pannAlAla bAkalI alla, pramAka -- zrI rAjavandra jaina zAtramAlA, pragAsa, 1661 I. tRtiiyaavRtti| prAcAra grantha : 64. anapAra dharmAmRta ; it. grAgAdhara kRta sampAdaka - paM. kailAzacandra kAtrI, prakAzaka -- bhAratIya jJAnapITa, dillI. 6 san 1677, prathamAvani / 85. amitagati zrAvakAcAra : AyakAcAra sabrahAntargata) saM. - paM. hIrAlAla mA. prakAza - jana saM kRti saMrakSA saMya solApura, 66. praSTa pAhuTTa : TAkA TokAkAra-zru nAgara puri, prakAzaka-zAMtivIra di. jaina, saMdhyAna mahAvIrI. 1668. prathamAvRtti / 67. aSTayAhai : mila grAcArya vanmanda praNIta, TIkara - jayacanda kRta, prakAza-zro di. jana granthamAlA, bAI 1671 prathamAyati / 88. niyamasAra : madanAcArya kRta) anuvAdaka - maganalAla jaina, zrI di. jaina vA. mandira TraDa, sonagar3ha, 1666, dvitIyAvRti / 6. puruSArtha siddha yuga . jAta ttiinaanaa| pranAzaka - motIlAla harAcanna gaaNv| mAnAbAda. jana bAi bhaya kusumamAlA-10, san 60. puruSArya siddha upAya : sampAdaka -- paM. nAthUrAma pregI, revAzaMkara jagajIbana bhAverI prakAzaka - rAjacandra jaina zAstramAlA, bambaI, 160 I. prathamAvani / 1.1. puruSArtha siddha,yupAya : sampAdara evaM TIyAgAra - paM. mApanalAla jhAlI. prakAzaka - bhAratIya jana siddhAMta prakAzinI saMsthA. kalakattA 61. puruSAryasiddha yupAya : sampAdaka va TIkAkAra ga. mutrAlAla rAMyelIya prakAzaka -- * vAdhIna sandhagAlA. rAAgara, 1956 prathama, / 63. puruSArtha siddha yupAya : sampAdaka paM. vidyAdhara ne TI-prakAzaka zrI di. jaina samAja kucAmana miTI, rAjasthAna. I. 1678, prathamAvRtti /

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sandarbha graMtha sacI / / 516 14. puruSArtha siddha yupAya : sampAdaka - paM. baMdya gaMbhIramalajI, prakAzaka ____ zrI di. jana mdA. mandira TrasTra, sonagar3ha 1674 I. prthmaavRtti| 15. puruSArya siddha yupAya : saMpAdaka va TIkAkAra -- zrI kRSNA nArAyaNa jozI. prakAzaka . vAlacanda kastUraca da dhArAzivakara (belagAMva , 186 I. prathamAvRtti / bhagabalo ArAdhanA : malArAdhanA) mitrakoTI AcArya kRta, TIkApaM. madAsukhadAsa nRta, - kapala harAvaNI mezinala gohaattii| 66. 67. ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra : TIkAkAra .. paM sadAsukhadAsajI, prakAvA . pra. bhAgendrIya di. jaina mahAsamiti. dillI. 16.5.1 I. dvitiiyaavni| 18. sAgaradharmAvRta saTIka : . grAnAdhaH kRta TIkAkAra-paM. devakInaMdana zAstrI, prakAzakA - mUlacanda kizanadAsa kApar3iyA, sUrata, I. san 1640 prthmaavRti| 66. sajanavitAllabha : prAya mallioNa - munzI nAthUrAma labhecU kaTanI / jabalapura : 1886 I. prathamAvati / 100. zrAvakAcAra saMgraha : bhAga 1: sampATaka-anuvAdaka paM. hI galAla zAzrI, prakAzaka - jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha solApUra, 1976 I. prathamATI anya sAhitya :101 prAtmatra moha : a. naMdalAla kRna (gAvali, prakAzaka - amIcaMda sakhArAma zahA golApura, 1626 I. 1.2 kAdambarI : yazAmukha sampAdakA-kRSNAmAhana ThAkura, prakAzaka caukhamyA saMskA nIIja, vArANasI / 1663 I. caturthAvRtti / 103. kAdambarI : (pUrva evaM unara bhAga) mampAdaka - pANya rAmateja zAstrI prakAzaka - pati pustakAlaya, kAzI, 1665 I. /

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/ ! zrAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva 104. gadyacitAmaNi : (bAdIsiMha AcArya kRta) sampAdaka - paM. pannAlAla sAhityAcArya, prakAzaka - bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, dillI, 1965, prathamAvRtti / 105. jaina dharma prANi vAGamaya : lekhaka -- pI. ela. baidya, prakAzaka - mAgapura vizvavidyAlaya, nAgapura 1648 | 106. jaina dharma : lekhaka paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI, prakAzana - mantrI sAhitya vibhAga, mathurA, 1666 caturthAvRtti / 107. jaina nibandha ratnAvalI : lekhaka milApacaMda ratanalAla kaTAriyA prakAzaka - vIra zAsana saMgha kalakattA, 16.66 prathamAvRtti / 105. darzanasAra : divasenAcArya kRta) sampAdaka paM. pannAlAla jaina, dehalI, 1070 I. (jana sAhitya prakAzana dillI 106. dharmaratnAkara : (jayasenAcArya kRta sampAdaka - pro e. ena, upAdhye, prakAzaka - jIvarAja jaina graMthamAlA, solApUra 1674 I. prthmaavRtti| 110. bhAratIya saMskRti meM jainadharma kA yogadAna : (lekhaka-DaoN. hIrAlAla jaina) prakAzaka - ma. pra. zAsana sAhitya pariSada, bhopAla, 1960 I. prathamAvRtti / 111. munivaMzaprado pikA : (lekhaka-paM. nayanasukhadAsa) prakAzaka-dulIcaMda paravAra, harIbena ror3a, kalakattA, prathamAvRtti / 112. yugabIra nibandhAvali : (prathamakhaNDa) lekhaka - paM. jugala kizora mukhtAra "yugavIra", vIrasevA maMdira TrasTa prakAzana, dillI, 1663 prathama / 113. varNIvANI bhAga 4 : (saMpAdaka - vidyArthI narendra, prakAzaka - gaNezaprasAda varNI jaina graMthamAlA, kAzI / 1657, prathamAvRtti / 114. saMskRta maMjarI : (saMkalanakartA) mA. zi. maNDala, bhopAla, prakAzaka bhaiyA prakAzana, indaura I. 1674, caturthavRtti / 115. hindI jaina sAhitya parizIlana bhAga 1 : lekhaka paM. - nemicandra zAstrI. bhAratIya jJAnapITha, banArasa, 1656 prathamAvRtti / /

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sandarbha graMtha sUcI ] [ 521 stotra kAvya :116, ephobhAva stotram : (bAdirAja munikRta) jJAnapITha pUjAMjali ke aMtargata, saMpAdaka - DaoN. e. ena. upAdhye evaM paM. phUlacandra zAstrI, prakAzaka bhAratIya jJAnapITha, dillI, I. 1666. dvitIyavRtti / 117. jinastotra pUjana saMgraha : pampAdaka prakAzaka - hirAlAla chaganalAla kAle, solApurI 1954. I. / 118. dezagama stotra (prAptamImAMsA) : samaMtabhadrAcArya kRta - anuvAdaka - pa.malanizoka muramAra, .. vIra sevA maMdira TrasTa prakAzana dillI, 1667, prthmaavRtti| 116. laghutasvasphoTa : (prAcArya amRtacandra kRta) sampAdaka pro. padmanAma janI kelIphorniyA, prakAzaka ela. DI. insTITyUTa Apha inDolAjI, ahamadAbAda, 1978, prathamAvRtti / laghutasvasphoTa : (AcArya amRtacandra kRta) anuvAdaka - sampAdaka - DA. paM. pannAlAla sAhityAcArya / prakAzaka - gaNeza prasAda varNI jana graMthamAlA, bArANasI 1981 prathama / 121. vaha jinavANI saMgraha : sampAdaka va prakAzaka paM. pannAlAla bAkalI vAla, prakAzaka - nemIcaMda bAkalIvAla, kizanagar3ha 1978 I. / 122. bRhad svayaMbhU stotra : (saMskRta TIkA - prabhAcandrAcArya kRta) hindI TIkA - paM. pannAlAla sAhityAcArya, prakAzaka - zAMtivIra di. . saMsthAna mahAvIrajI, 1666 I. prathamAvRtti / 123. sAmAyika stotra (pATha) : prA. amitagati kRta - (jinastotra pUjana saMgrahAntargata) sampAdaka - hirAlAla chaganalAla kAle, solApura 1954 I. / anya kAvya grantha :124. alaMkAra mImAMsA : DA. rAjavaMza sahAya, caukhambA vidyA bhavana, vArANasI 1670, prathamAvRtti / 125. kAvya prakAza : (mammaTAcAya kRta) saM. -- DaoN. satyavatasiMha, caukhambA vidyA bhavana, vArANasI, 1678 I, tRtIyAvRtti / / jaina gItA : ("samaNasutroM kA prA. vidyAsAgara kRta padyAnuvAda)" munisaMgha svAgata samiti, sAgara, 1978 I. prthmaavRtti|

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522 ] / prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva 12.7. dazarUpaka : kavi dhanaMjayakAta! saM. - DaoN. bholAzaMkara vyAsa, caukhambA vidyA bhavana, vArANasI, 1654 128. nijAmRtapAna : (prA. vidyA sAgara kRta padyAnuvAda) rAjasthAna jaina sabhA ayapura, 1676 I. prathamAvRtti / 126. pArapurANa : (padyaracanA, paM. bhUdharadAsa kRta jaina graMtha ratnAkara kAryAlaya, bambaI 1601 I. prathamAvRtti / 130. yazastilaka campU mahAkAvyam : (pUrva gyaNDa) anuvAdaka - sampAdakA - paM. sundaralAla zAstrI, prakAzaka - zrI mahAvIra jaina graMthamAlA, vArANasI. 1660, I. prathamAvRtti 1 131. hindI chava prA : lekhaka raghunadana zAmI, prakAzakaH .. rAjapAla eNDa sansa, kAzmIrI geTa, dillI, prathamAvRtti / 132. siddhAMta kaumucI : (bAlamanoramA TIkA - vAsudeva dIkSita kRta) sampAdaka - zrI gopAla zAstrI nene, prakAzaka - caukhambA saMskRta sIrIja, vArANasI, 1968 I. paMcamAvRtti / koza grantha :133 amidhAna rAjendra koza : prakAzana sthAna - ratalAma 1934 134. amarakoSa : (liMgAnuzAsana sampAdaka * bhaTTa vinAyaka, prakAzaka - pANDuraMga jIvAjI, nirNayasAgara prema, bambaI, 1927, caturthAvRtti 135. kannaDa prAMtogya tADapatrIya graMtha sUcI : saMkalayitA - ke. bhujabali zAstrI, prakAzaka - bhAratIya jJAnapITha, kApI, 1648 prathamAvRtti / 136. jinaratnakoSa : (prathama bhAga) lekhaka - hari dAmodara belakara, prakAzana - bhANDArakara prAcyA vidyA saMsthA, puNe, 1946 I.. prathamAvRtti / 137. jaina grantha prazasti saMgraha : (dvitIya bhAga) paM. paramAnanda jaina zAstrI, vIra sevA mandira, dillI, 1963, prathamAvRtti / 138. jana zilAlekha saMgraha : (bhAga 5) DaoN. vidyAdhara joharApurakara, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, dillI, 1971 prthmaavRtti| 136. jainendra siddhAMta koSa : bhAga 1, 2, 3, 4,) lekhaka kSu jinendravarNI, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, vArANasI, 1970 I. prthmaavRti|

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sandarbha graMtha sUcI ] / 523 140. pUrNAr2yA : (jainajJAna koSa) saMpAdikA - paM. sumatibAI zahA, bhagavAna mahAvIra nirvANotsaba samiti, solApura, 1678 I. prathamAvRtti / 141. prazasti saMgraha: (sampAdaka - kasturacanda' kAsalIvAla) prakAzaka - jaina prabandhakAriNI samiti, jayapura 1650 prathamAvRtti / 142. rAjasthAna ke jaina zAstra bhaNDAroM kI sUcI : (bhAga 3, 4. 5,) DA. kastUracanda evaM paM. anapacaMda zAstrI, prakAzaka zrI di. jai. atizaya kSetra, mahAvIra jI. 1672, prathamAvRtti / 143. vRhada jaina zabdArNava : (khaNDa eka saMpAdaka - bI. ela.jaina "caitanya", prakArAka bAbU zAticanda jaina, bArAbakI, 1624, I. prathamAvRtti / 144. yahada jaina zabdArNava : / khaNDa do) sampAdaka - bra. zItala prasAda jaina, prakAzaka - mUlacanda kizanadAsa kApar3iyA, di. je. pustakAlaya, sUrata / 1934 I. prathamAvRtti / zodha prabandha :145. prAcArya kundakunda aura unakA samayasAra : lekhaka - paM. lAla bahAdura zAstrI, cAMdamala sarAvagI ceriTebala TrasTa, gohATI, 1676, prathamAvatti / kavivara banArasI jIvanI aura kRtitva : lekhaka - DA, ravIndra kumAra jaina, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana vArANasI, 1966 prathamAvRtti / 147. jana bhaktikAvya kI pRSThabhUmi : le. DaoN. premasAgara jaina, bhAratIya jJAnapITha kAzI, I. 1963. zramAvRtti / 145. jainijma ina rAjisthAna : (Jsinistin in Rajisthun) kailAzacandra jaina, pI. eca. bI., hI liTa , prakAzaka - gulAbacanda hIrAcanda dozI, jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha solApura, 1963 prathama / 146. paM. ToDaramala vyaktitva aura kartRtva : DaoN. hukamacanda bhArilla, prakAzaka - maMtrI, ToDaramala smAraka TrasTa jayapura, 1973 prthmaavRtti| mahAkavi dauratarAma kAsalIvAla vyaktitva evaM kRtitva : DaoN. kastacanda kAsalIvAla, di. jai. atizaya kSetra prabaMdhakAriNI samiti mahAvIrajI, 1673 prathamAvRtti /

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524 ] [ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktitva evaM kartRtva 151. mahAkavi harIcaMda : eka anuzIlana - DA. pannAlAla sAhityAcArya, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, dillI, 1675 I. prathamAvRtti / 152. saMskRta kAvya ke vikAsa meM jaina kaviyoM kA yogadAna : DA. nemicaMda jaina, pArA bhAratIya jJAnapITha, dillI, 1971, prathamAvRtti / 153. hisTrI prApha jana monAkijama phrAma insakripsansa eNDsa liTarecara: (pArTa vana) DA. esa. bI. deva. buleTina Apha Dekkana kAleja risarca isTITyUTa puunaa| itihAsa grantha :154. jaina dharma kA prAcIna itihAsa : (bhAga - 2) lekhaka - paM. paramAnanda prakAzaka - ramezacandra jaina, moTaravAle, dillI, 1975, I. prthmaavRtti| 155. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa : (dvitIya saMskaraNa) lekhaka - paMDita nAthUrAma premI, zodha, vidyAdhara modI, babaI 1956 / 156. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa : (prathama saMskaraNa) le. - paM. nAthUrAma premI, hemacanda modI, bambaI 1946 / 157, jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa : (bhAga do) le. - paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI, zrI gaNezaprasAda varNI jaina graMthamAlA, vArANasI 1676, prthmaavRtti| 158 jaina sAhitya kA yahada itihAsa : (bhAga cAra) DaoN. mohanalAla va pro. hIrAlAla kApar3iyA. pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama zodha saMsthAna - jainAzrama hindU vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI, 1668, 156. tIrthakara mahAbIra aura unakI prAcArya paramparA : (bhAga 1, 2, 3,) DaoN nemIcandra zAstrI pArA, maMtrI, bhA. ba. di. jaina vidvatpariSada kAryAlaya sAgara, 1674 prathamAvRtti / dakSiNa bhArata meM jaina dharma : paM. kailAzacandra siddhAMtAcArya, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana dillI, 1967 prathamAvRtti / 161. purAtana jaina vAkyasUco : (ko prastAvanA) le. - paM. jugalakizora mukhtAra "yugavIra" vIra sevA mandira sarasAvA (sahAranapura) 165. prthmaavRtti| 160. dakSiNa mA /

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sandarbha grantha sUcI ] [ 525 162. prAcIna bhArata : (lekhaka - DaoN. rAjabali pANDeya), prakAzaka - nandakizora eNDa sansa vArANasI, I. 1968, dvitIyAvRtti / 163. bhaTTAraka samudAya saM vidyAdhara joharApurakara, jaina saMskRti saMrakSaka saMgha solApura, I. 1958, prathamAvRtti / 164. bhAratIya itihAsa para eka dRSTi : DaoN. jyoti prasAda jaina, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana banArasa, 1966, dvitIyAvRtti / 165. rAjasthAna kA jaina sAhitya : "sampAdaka - agaracaMda nAhaTA, DaoN. kasturacaMda kAsalIvAla,......", saciva prAkRta bhAratI jayapura 1677, prathamAvRtti / = 166. rAjasthAna ke jaina saMta vyaktitva evaM kRtitva DaoN. kasturacanda kAsalIvAla, zrI di. je. atizaya kSetra mahAvIrajI 1667, prathamAvRtti / 1 167. vIrazAsana ke prabhAvaka zrAcArya DaoN. vidyAdhara evaM DaoN. kastUracanda jI, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana dillI, 1675 prathamAvRtti / 168. saMskRta sAhitya kA itihAsa : le. baladeva prasAda upAdhyAya, zAradA mandira banArasa 1660, SaSTha saMskaraNa / 166. saMskRta sAhitya kA itihAsa : le. - vAcaspati gerolA, caukhambA vidyA bhavana vArANasI, 170. hindI nATaka udbhava aura vikAsa : DaoN. dazaratha ojhA, rIDara, dillI, dillI vizvavidyAlaya ke tattvAdhAna meM rAjapAla eNDa sansa, dillI, 1670, paMcama | , abhinandana grantha : 171. AcArya zAMtisAgara janma zatAbdi smRti grantha : sampAdaka bAlacanda devacanda zahA, zAMtisAgara jinavANI jIrNoddhAraka saMsthA. phalaTaNa 1273, prathamAvRtti / 172. zrI gaNeza prasAda varNI smRti grantha : DaoN. pannAlAla sAhityAcArya ba nIraja jaina, prakAzaka - zrI bhAratavarSIya di. jaina vidvatpariSad kAryAlaya, sAgara, 1674 I.

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526 ] [ prAcArya amRtacandra : vyaktittva evaM kartRtva patra-patrikAeM :173. anekAMta (mAsika) : sampAdaka - paM. jugalakizora mukhtAra, vora sevA mandira, dillI, jUna 1641. 1646, 1653 / 174. prAgamapatha (mAsika) : (zItala janma zatAbdI vizeSAMka) sampAdaka -- vinoda kumAra jaina, dillI, navambara 16.78 / / 17. prAgamaya : saMta hAra, gura viSleSAMka (.. - vinoda kumAra jaina, dillo (maI 1976) 176, prAtmadharma : (mAsika) saM. - jagajIvana bAlacaMda dozI, di. ja. svA. ma. TrasTa sonagar3ha, aprela 1666, disambara 1965, julAI 1664 / 177. jaina saMdeza : (sAptAhika) soghAMka kra. 5, 16. 25, 26, saM. paM. jaganmohanalAla, - paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI, prakAzaka - mA. di. jaM. saMgha. mathurA, 1956-63-67-68 jaina saMveza : (sAptAhika) zoSAMka (31, 32) sampAdaka paM. kailAza 'candra zAstrI, jyoti prasAda jaina, bhAratIya di. gai. saMgha, mathurA 1672-73 / 176. jaina siddhAMta bhAskara : (traimAsika (bhAga-4) kiraNa 1, sampAdaka pro. hIrAlAla, DaoN. e. ena. upAhaNe, jaina siddhAMta bhavana - pArA 1937 / 180. jaina hitaiSI : sampAdaka - paM. nAdhAma premI, prakAzaka - jI. na. ra. kAryAlaya, bambaI, disambara 1616 / 181. tIrthaMkara : (mAsika) sampAdaka - DaoN. nemIcandra jIna, hIrA bhaiyA prakAzana, indaura, sitambara 1674 / 182. "vIra" pAkSika patra (sampAdaka - pra. zIlala prasAda kAmatA prasAda, prakAzaka - rAjendra kumAra jaina, bijanaura 1926 I. (varSa 3 saMkhyA 12-13) 183. sahasranAma : saM. - paM. hIrAlAla zAstrI /

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sandarbha grantha sUcI] ENGLISH 1. A History of Indian Literature--By Maurice Winternitz. Trans lated in English from German by Mrs S. Ketkar & Miss H. Kohn, Published by the Univer sity of Calcutta 1933. A D. 2. An Epitome of Jainism-By Paorag Chand Nahar Krishna Chandra Ghosh. Published by H. Duby Gulab Kumar Library-Calcutta 1917 A. D. 3. Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, Vol. LX1 ed. By R N Dandekar, Bhandarkar, Institute Press, Poona, 1981. 4. Catelogue of Sanskrit & Prakrit Monuscripts Jesalmer. Collec. tion by muni Shri Punyavigayaji. ed. BY Dalsukh Malvania. Pub. By L. D. Institute of Indology Ahmedabad, 1972 ed. First. 5. Jainism-By Mrs. N. R. Guseva, Translated in English from Russian by Y. S. Redkar, Sindhu Publications Private Ltd. Bombay, 1971, First Ed. 6. The Pravachanasara of kunda-kunda Acharya, together with the Commentary, Tattva Dipika by Amrtachandra Suri-Eng, Tr. By Barend Faddegon, Cambridge University Press London, 1935. 7. Shankeracharya his life and times (Edition-III) by Krishna Swamy Aly8r, Pub-By-A Natsesan & Co. Esplande Madras. 8. The Heart of Jainism or the Religious quest of India-by Miss Sinclair Stevenson. Dublin. Pub. by Oxford University Press London. 1915 9. The Jain Path OR the Path of Conquered (Samayasara)-By Prof. Matthew Mckay, Jain Sahitya Samiti Agra. 1950 First Ed. 10. The Soul Essence (Samayasara) by Shri J. L. Jaini, Pub. by the Central Jain Publishing House, Lucknow. 1930. First Ed.

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zodhopayogI sAmagrI prApti meM mAhayogI palAyo sahI 1. Dekkana kAleja, pUnA / 2. bhANDArakara prAcya vidyA zodha saMsthAna, pUnA / 3. sanmati maNDala pustakAlaya, bAlacandanagara / 4. mahAvIra brahmacaryAzrama, kAraMjA / 5. digambara jaina mandira, bAhubali cumbhoja / digambara jaina setavAla mandira, pUnA / 7. digambara jaina mandira, saaNglii| 8. digambara jaina mandira, solApura / 6. digambara jaina mandira, sIhora / 10. digambara jaina mandira rAmAzAha, indaura / digambara jaina mandira hanumAnatAla, jabalapura / 12. digambara jaina mandira cauka, bhopAla / 13. digambara jaina mandira, vaaraasivnii| 14. zA. ucca mAdhyamika vidyAlaya, tiror3I (baalaaghaatt)| 15. digambara jaina caityAlaya usmAnapurA, amadAbAda / 16. digambara jaina mandira, mehasAnA / 17. digambara jaina mandira, Adarzanagara, jayapura / 18 digambara jana bar3A mandira terahapaMthI, jypur| 19. digambara jaina mandira sivAr3a, bAkalIvAlAna jayapura / 20. digambara jaina mandira na siyAjI, ajamera / 21. digambara jaina pannAlAla ailata sarasvatI bhavana, vyAvara /