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________________ zrImad rAjendrarAzi ubhArakuzeya prakAzaka zrIsAdharmabRhattapAgacchIya jaina zvetAMbara saMgha ATora-baNArA
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________________ bhidhAna rAjendra-koza 34 rA Tara, emAnacaMdra, tIna tA. 17.35 zrI rAjendrasUri ardhazatAbdI mahotsava nAyaka - zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrijI mahArAja.
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________________ rAjendrari smAraka graMtha zrImad rAjendrasUri-ardhazatAbdI mahotsava ke avasara para - mahAvIra-jayantI - vi. saM. 2013
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________________ prAptisthAna zrI rAjendra - pravacana kAryAlaya, khuDAlA ( mAravAr3a - rAjasthAna ) phoTogrAphI zrI jagana vI. mahatA candranagara, ahamadAbAda. pratiyA~. 1000 mUlya ru0 15) mudraka zrI gulAbacaMda lallubhAI zrI mahodaya priMTiMga presa, bhAvanagara
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________________ ma. zrI saudharmabRhattapAgacchIyapha bayAnarAjendra prAkRta mahAka nindramAkRta mahAkAzAdhaneka saMskala zavyaracAya pradhAna ziSya maNDalamA NDala maNDita-zrIabhiyAna zrAvya racayitA varajI mahArAja zrImarijaya rAjendrasUrisara S) mIrAnA pAko zrIabhidhAnamjo bhidhAnarAjendra dhanacandramAra parijI mahArAja zrImAnajiya jayajI mahArAja zrImAdajaya (upAdhyAya 3929 66666 resrerre 9924 bhUpandrasUArajI mahArAja ghatIndrasUrijI mahArAja zrI mojaya zrImAdajayaya
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________________ zrImad rAjendrasUri smAraka graMtha saMyojaka - zrI saudharma bRhattapAgacchIya jainAcArya zrI zrI 1008 zrI zrI vyAkhyAna-vAcaspati zrImadvijayayatIndrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja. namra sUcana isa grantha ke abhyAsa kA kArya pUrNa hote niyata samayAvadhi meM zIghra vApasa karane kI kRpA kareM. jisase anya vAcakagaNa isakA upayoga kara sakeM. sampAdaka - maNDala - zrI agaracaMdajI nAhaTA, bIkAnera. zrI dalasukhabhAI mAlavaNiyA, banArasa. daulatasiMha lor3hA ' araviMda ' ghAmaNiyA . zrI bAlAbhAI vIracaMda ' jayabhikkhu ' ahamadAbAda. zrI akSayasiMha DAMgI bI. e. ela. ela. bI. eDavokeTa, hAIkorTa, rAjasthAna. prakAzaka zrI saudharma bRhattapAgacchIya jaina zvetAmbara zrI saMgha, Ahora tathA bAgarA ( mAravAr3a - rAjasthAna )
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________________ MATHURSHIRAIL MinumINDIHIL AIIMILARITHILE HIM vIra saMvat 2482 vikrama , 2013 I. san 1957 zaka saMvat 1878 rAjendra , 50 INHINDI lineumiil HAR
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________________ zrImad rAjendrari samArakazaMtha zrI abhidhAna rAjendra koza bhA. 1 'zrI abhidhAna rAjendra koza bhAra zrI abhidhAna rAjendra koza mA.3 'zrI abhidhAna rAjendra koza bhA.4 'zrI abhidhAna rAjendra koza bhA.5 zrI abhidhAna rAjendra koza bhA. zrI abhidhAna rAjendra koza bhA.7 LS2:2 prakAzaka zrIsaudharmabRhattapAgacchIya jaina zvetAMbara saMgha Ahora-bAgarA
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________________ saMzodhana-mudrAma-vartamAnAcArya vyAkhyAna-vAcaspati zrI zrI 1008 zrI zrI bhaTTAraka vijayayatIndrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja
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________________ zrI rAjendrasUri vacanAmRta / saMgrAhaka-vyAkhyAna-vAcaspati zrImad vijayayatIndrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja 1 ahiMsA prANimAtra kA mAtA ke samAna pAlana-poSaNa karatI hai, zarIrarUpI marabhUmi meM amRta-saritA bahAtI hai, duHkharUpI dAvAnala ko bujhAne meM megha ke samAna hai aura bhava-bhramaNarUpI mahArogoM ke nAza karane meM rAmabANa auSadhi ke samAna kAma karatI hai| isI prakAra sukhamaya dIrghAyu, ArogyatA, sauMdaryatA aura manovAMchita vastuoM ko pradAna karatI hai / isaliye ahiMsA-dharma kA sarva prakAra se pAlana karanA cAhiye, tabhI deza, dharma, samAja aura AtmA kA vAstavika utthAna hogaa| 2 viSayabhoga karmabandha ke hetu aura vividha yAtanAoM kI prApti karAne ke kAraNa haiM / viSayArthI prANI pratidina merI mAtA, pitA, putra, prapautra, bhAI, mitra, svajana, sambaMdhI, jAyadAda, vastrAlaMkAra aura khAna-pAna Adi sAMsArika sAmagrI kI khoja meM hI apanA amUlya jIvana yoM hI bitAte rahate haiM aura saba ko chor3a kara kevala pApa kA bojhA uThAte hue maraNa ke zikAra bana jAte haiM, para apanA kalyANa kucha nahIM kara sakate / 3 viSayAbhilASI manuSya apane kuTumbiyoM ke nimitta kSudhA, tRSA sahana karatA huA dhanopArjanArtha aneka jaMgaloM, sama-viSama sthAnoM, nadI, nAloM aura parvatIya pradezoM meM idhara-udhara daur3a lagAtA rahatA hai aura yathAbhAgya dhana lAkara kuTumbiyoM kA yaha jAna kara poSaNa karatA hai ki ye samaya para mere duHkha meM sahayoga deMge-bhAgIdAra bneNge| yoM karate-karate manuSya jaba vRddhAvasthA se ghira jAtA hai, taba kuTumbI na koI sahayoga dete haiM aura na usake duHkha meM bhAgIdAra banate haiN| pratyuta socate haiM ki yaha kaba mare aura isase chuTakArA mile / basa, yaha hai riztedAroM kA svArthamUlaka premabhAva; ataH inake prapaMcoM ko chor3a kara jo dharmasAdhana karegA vaha sukhI hogaa| 4 hiMsA-pravRtta manuSya kA taskaravRtti meM Asakta rahane se aura parastrIrata-vyakti kA dharma, dhana, zarIra, ijjata Adi samasta guNa nAza ho jAte haiN| sarva kalAoM meM dharmakalA zreSTha hai, saba kathAoM meM dharmakathA zreSTha hai, saba baloM me dharmabala bar3A hai aura samasta sukhoM meM mokSa-sukha sarvottama hai / pratyeka prANI ko mokSa-sukha prApta karane kA satata prayatna karanA cAhiye, tabhI janma-maraNa kA duHkha miTa sakegA / saMsAra meM yahI sAdhanA sarvazreSTha sAdhanA hai|
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha 5 samaya amUlya hai / sukRta kAryoM ke dvArA jo koI usako saphala banA letA hai, vahI puruSa jAnakAra aura bhAgyazAlI hai / jo samaya calA jAtA hai vaha samaya lAkha prayatna karane para bhI vApasa nahIM milatA / bAdazAha sikaMdara jaba maraNa - pathArI para par3A, taba usane apane sAre parivAroM, amIra, umarAvoM aura vaidya hakImoM ko bulA kara kahAaba maiM jAnevAlA hU~, abhI intejAma bahuta karanA hai; ataH koI bhI mere jIvana kA AdhA ghaMTA bhI bar3hA de to usako pratiminiTa kA muMhamAMgA rUpayA diyA jAyagA / sabane kahA ki isa saMsAra meM aisA koI bhI ilma, vidyA, jar3IbUTI Adi nahIM hai jo AyuSya kI eka pala bhI adhika yA kama kara sake / bAdazAhane isa prakAra kA spaSTa javAba suna kara apane daphatara meM likha diyA ki AyuSya kI eka bhI ghar3I yA pala baDhAnevAlA koI nahIM haiN| ataH jo isako vyartha kho detA hai usake samAna saMsAra meM dUsarA koI mUrkha nahIM hai / 2 6 manuSya jIvana, zubha sAmagrI tathA vanavaibhava ye tInoM bAteM pratyeka prANI ko pUrva puNyodaya se hI prApta hotI haiM / ina ke mila jAne para jo vyakti inako yoM hI kho detA hai vaha sachidra naukA ke samAna hai, jo svayaM DUbatI hai aura apane meM baiThanevAloM ko bhI DubA detI hai / jo manuSya apane jIvana ko dharmakaraNI se vyatIta karatA hai usakA jIvana cintAmaNiratna ke samAna sArthaka hai aura isI ke dvArA svapara kA Atma-kalyANa ho sakatA hai / 7 jIvana kI pratyeka pala sAragarbhita hai / usameM viSayAdi pramAdoM ko kabhI avakAza nahIM denA cAhiye, tabhI ve par3heM sArthaka hotI haiM / sUtrakAra kahate haiM ki ' kAlo kAlaM samAyare / ' jo kArya jisa samaya meM niyata kiyA hai usako usI samaya meM kara lenA cAhiye; kyoMki samaya kAyama rahane kA koI bharosA nahIM hai / nirdayatA se jIvoM kA vadha karane, asatya bhASaNa karane, kisI kI dhanAdi-vastu kA haraNa karane, parastrIgamana karane, parigraha kA atilobha rakhane aura vratapratyAkhyAnoM kA khAlI DhoMga racane se manuSya mara kara naraka meM jAtA hai aura vahA~ usako aneka yAtanAe~ uThAnI par3atI haiM / isaliye naraka gamana yogya bAteM sarvathA tyAga denA cAhiye / 8 ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura parigraha jaina zAstrakAroMne inako pAMca mahAvratoM ke nAma se aura ajainazAstrakAroMne inako pAMca yama ke nAma se bodhita kiye haiM / inako yathAvat paripAlana karane se dharma, deza aura rASTra meM apUrva zAnti aura sukha-samRddhi sthira rahatI hai / ye bAteM manuSyamAtra ko apane utthAna ke liye ati Avazyaka haiM, jisase pArasparika vairasaMbaMdha samUla naSTa hokara manuSya niHsaMdeha sugatipAtra bana jAtA hai /
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________________ zrI rAjendrasUri-vacanAmRta / 9 abhimAna, durbhAvanA, viSayAzA, IrSyA, lobhAdi durguNoM ko nAza karane ke liye hI zAstrAbhyAsa yA jJAnAbhyAsa karake pANDitya prApta kiyA jAtA hai| yadi hRdayabhavana meM paMDita hokara bhI ye durguNa nivAsa karate rahe to paMDita aura mUrkha donoM meM kucha bheda nahIM hai-donoM ko samAna hI jAnanA caahiye| paMDita, vidvAna yA jAnakAra bananA hai to hRdaya se abhimAnAdi durguNoM ko haTA denA hI sarvazreSTha haiM / 10 sukha aura duHkha ina donoM sAdhanoM kA vidhAtA aura bhoktA kevala AtmA hai aura vaha mitra bhI hai aura duzmana bhii| krodhAdi vazavartI AtmA duHkhaparamparA kA aura samatAdi vazavartI AtmA sukhaparamparA kA adhikArI bana jAtA hai| ataH sudharanA aura bigar3anA saba kucha AtmA para hI nirbhara hai| yathAkaraNI AtmA ko phala avazya milatA hai| jo vyakti apanI AtmA kA vAstavika damana kara letA hai usakA duniyAM meM koI duzmana nahIM rahatA / vaha pratidina apanI uttarottara pragati karatA huA apane dhyeya para jA baiThatA hai| 11 karmoM kI gati bar3I vicitra hai| isakI lIlA kA koI bhI pAra nahIM pA sktaa| zAstrakAra kahate haiM ki jIva kamoM ke prabhAva se kabhI deva aura manuSya, kabhI nAraka aura kabhI pazu, kabhI kSatriya aura kabhI brAhmaNa, kabhI vaizya aura kabhI zUdra ho jAtA hai / isa prakAra nAnA yoniyoM aura vividha jAtiyoM meM utpanna ho bhinna-bhinna veza dhAraNa karatA hai aura sukRta tathA duSkRta karmodaya se saMsAra meM uttama, madhyama, jaghanya, adhama athavA adhamAdhama avasthAoM kA anubhava karatA rahatA hai / isa liye karmoM ke vega ko haTAne ke liye prayeka vyakti ko kSamAsUra bana kara yathArtha satyadharma kA avalambana aura usake anusAra AcaraNoM kA paripAlana karanA cAhiye, jisase AtmA kI AzAtIta pragati ho ske| 12 eka hI jalAzaya kA jala gau aura sarpa donoM pIte haiM, parantu gau meM vaha jala dUdha meM aura sarpa meM jahararUpa meM pariNata ho jAtA hai / isI prakAra zAsroM kA upadeza bhI supAtra meM jAkara amRta aura kupAtra meM jAkara jahararUpa meM pariNamana karatA hai / vinaya, namratA, Adara aura sabhyatA se grahaNa kiyA huA zAstropadeza AtmakalyANakArI hI hotA hai aura avinaya, AzAtanA, kaThoratA aura asabhyatA se grahaNa kiyA huA zAsropadeza ulTA AtmaguNoM kA ghAtaka ho bhavabhramaNa karAtA hai; isa liye avinayAdi doSoM ko chor3a kara hI zAsropadeza grahaNa karanA cAhiye tabhI AtmA kA vAstavika utthAna ho skegaa| 13 uttama vivekamaya mArga sahaja hI prApta nahIM ho sktaa| isake liye sarva prathama indriyavikAroM, svArthapUrNa bhAvanAoM aura saMsAriyoM ke sne habandhanoM kA parityAga
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka - pratha karanA par3egA, taba kahIM viveka kI sAdhanA meM saphalatA mila skegii| kaIeka sAdhaka samajhadAra ho karake bhI indriyoM aura pAkhaMDiyoM kI jAla meM phaMse raha kara apane Atma-viveka ko kho baiThate haiM, aura ve pApa karmoM se chuTakArA nahIM pAte / prANImAtra lobha aura moha meM par3hAye hue, sAtha-sAtha dharma aura jJAna ko bhI malina kara DAlate haiM / isaliye Atmaviveka unhIM vyaktiyoM ko milegA jo ina donoM pizAcoM ko acchI taraha vijaya kara leMge / * 14 jo vyakti krodhI hotA hai athavA jisakA krodha kabhI zAnta nahIM hotA, jo sajjana aura mitroM kA tiraskAra karatA hai, jo vidvAn ho kara ke bhI abhimAna rakhatA hai, jo dUsaroM ke marma prakaTa karatA hai aura apane kaTumbI yA guruoM ke sAtha bhI droha karatA hai. kisIko karkaza vacana bola kara saMtApa pahuMcAtA hai aura jo sabakA apriya hai vahI puruSa avinIta, durgati aura anAdarapAtra kahAtA hai| aise vyakti ko Atma- tAraka mArga nahIM mila sakatA; ataH aisA kutryavahAra sarvathA chor3a denA cAhiye / 15 nindA ko hI apanA kartavya mAnanevAle ajJAniyoM aura midhyAdRSTi logoM kI ora se zira kATane jaise bhI aparAdhoM meM jo samabhAva se unake vacana kaMTakoM ko saha letA hai, parantu badalA lene kI tanika bhI kAmanA nahIM rakhatA / jo na lolupa hai aura na indrajAlI, na mAyAcArI hai aura na cugalakhora / jo apanI kisI taraha kI prazaMsA kI kAmanA nahIM rakhatA aura na gRhasya sambaMdhI kAryoM kI sarAhanA karatA hai / taruNa, bAlaka, vRddha Adi gRhasthoM kA kabhI tiraskAra nahIM karatA aura svayaM tiraskRta hone para bhI tiraskAra ko bar3I zAnti se saha letA hai usakA pratikAra nahIM karatA / jo apane kula, vaMza, jAti, aizvarya kA abhimAna nahIM rakhatA aura jo sadA svAdhyAya - dhyAna meM rahatA hai / jo 'mA daNo mA haNo' sUtra ko jIvana meM utAra kara kAryarUpa meM pariNata karatA hai / jo svapara kA kalyANa karane aura jJAna, darzana, cAritra ke AdhyAtmika mArga kA paripAlana meM sadA udyata rahatA hai-saMsAra meM aisA puruSa hI pUjya aura samAdaraNIya mAnA jAtA hai / 16 saMsAra meM durAcArapriya loga pahale se hI nahIM saMbhalate; kintu jaba mRtyu ke mukha meM pahu~cate haiM, taba apane durAcAroM ko smaraNa meM lAkara bahuta pazcAttApa karane lagate haiM / durAcAroM ke phalasvarUpa aMta samaya meM ve asAdhya vyAdhiyoM se pIr3ita aura cintita ho kara apane kRta pApakarmoM ke liye parabhava kI vibhISikA se kAMpane lagate haiM / parantu usa samaya unakA na koI rakSaka hotA hai aura na koI bhAgIdAra / asahAya ho unako rudana karate hue
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________________ zrI rAjendrasUri-vacanAmRta / duniyAM se kuca kara jAnA par3atA hai| aisA jAna kara jo dharmamArga ko apanA letA hai, vaha parabhava meM bhI sukha prApta kara letA hai / 17 dhana, mAla, kuTumba-parivArAdi saba nAzavAna aura nijaguNaghAtaka haiN| ina meM raha kara jo prANI bar3I sAvadhAnI se apane jIvana ko dharmakRtyoM dvArA saphala banA letA hai, usIkA bhavasAgara se ber3A pAra ho jAtA hai| zeSa prANI caurAzI lAkha yoniyoM ke cakkara meM par3akara, idhara-udhara bhramaNa karate rahate haiM / ataeva zarIra jaba taka sazakta hai aura koI bAdhA upasthita nahIM hai, tabhI taka AtmakalyANa kI sAdhanA kara lenA caahiye| azakti ke paMje meM ghira jAne ke bAda kucha nahIM ho sakegA, phira to yahAM se kUca karane kA DaMkA bajane lagegA aura asahAya ho kara jAnA pdd'egaa| 18 mAnavatA meM cAra cAMda lagAnevAlA eka vinaya guNa hai / manuSya cAhe jitanA vidvAn ho, vaijJAnika aura nItijJa ho; parantu jaba taka usameM vinayaguNa nahIM hotA taba taka vaha saba kA priya aura AdaraNIya nahIM bana sakatA / vinayahIna mAnava udAratA, dhIratA, prema, dayA aura AcAra va vivekapUrvaka sundara guNoM ko nahIM pA sktaa| isI kAraNa vaha vinayahIna apanI kAryasAdhanA meM hatAza hI rahatA hai| kisI bhI kArya meM saphalatA nahIM pA sakatA / gAyana karane ke samaya, nRtya karane ke samaya, abhyAsa karane ke samaya, carcAvAda karane ke samaya, saMgrAma karane ke samaya, duzmana kA damana karane ke samaya, bhojana karane ke samaya aura vyavahAra sambandha jor3ane ke samaya, ina ATa sthAnoM para vinaya (rajA) rakhane se hAni hotI hai / ataH ina sthAnoM ko chor3a kara anya sthAnoM para vinayaguNa ko apanAne vAlA vyakti sarvatra Adara aura prema sampAdana kara sakatA hai| 19 jisa prakAra mRttikAnimitta koThI ko--jyoM-jyoM dhoI jAya tyoM-tyoM usameM gArA ke sivAya sArabhUta vastu kRcha nahIM mila sakatI, usI prakAra jisa mAnava meM janma se hI kusaMskAra apanA ghara kara baiThe haiM usako cAhe akATya yuktiyoM ke dvArA samajhAyA jAya; parantu vaha susaMskArI kabhI nahIM ho sktaa| agara vaha vizeSajJa hogA to adhika bAta se apane kusaMskAroM ko dRr3he karane lgegaa| isIse kahA jAtA hai ki 'par3ayA lakSaNa miTe na mRoM' yaha kiMvadanti solaha AnA satya hai / kusaMskArI mAnava samaya Ane para apanI malinatAoM ko ugale vinA nahIM rahatA, jyoM-jyoM usako samajhAo tyoM-tyoM vaha adhika malinatA kA zikAra banatA jAtA hai / jisa mAnava meM janmasiddha susaMskAra par3e hue hai vaha durjanoM ke madhya meM lAkha vipattiyoM meM ghira jAne para bhI apanI acchI
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha saMskAritA ko kabhI nahIM chodd'taa| vaha to vizuddha-suvarNa ke samAna vizeSa rUpa se camakatA rahatA hai| ataH apanI vAstavika pragati ke jijJAsuoM ko susaMskArI banane kA zaktibhara prayatna karate rahanA caahiye| 20 AtmasudhAraka saccI vidvattA yA vidyA vahI kahI jAtI hai jisa meM vizvaprema ho aura viSaya-pipAsA kA abhAva ho tathA yathAvat dharmakA paripAlana aura jIvamAtra ko Atmavat samajhane kI buddhi ho| svArthika pralobhana na ho aura na Thagane kI tthgvaajii| aisI hI vidyA yA vidvattA svapara kA upakAra karanevAlI mAnI jAtI hai, aisA nItikAroM kA maMtavya hai| jo vidvattA, IrSyA, kalaha, udvega paidA karanevAlI hai vaha vidvattA nahIM, mahAn ajJAnatA hai / isaliye jisa vidvattA se Atma kalyANa ho, vaha vidvattA prApta karane meM sadodyata rahanA cAhiye / 21 biSayabhoga bar3avAnala ke sadRza hai / yuvAvasthA bhayAnaka jaMgala ke samAna hai| zarIra iMdhana ke aura vaibhavAdi vAyu ke samAna haiN| saMyoga tathA vaibhavAdi viSayAgni pradIpta karanevAle haiM / jo strI, puruSa saMyogajanya bhogasAmagrI mila jAne para bhI usakA parityAga karake akhaMDa brahmacaryavrata kA tridhA yoga se pAlana karate haiM, ve saMsAra meM kAma. vijetA kahalAte haiM / akhaMr3a brahmacArI strI, puruSoM kA itanA bhArI teja hotA hai ki unakI sahAyatA meM deva, dAnava, indra Adi khar3e paira taiyAra rahate haiM aura isI mahAguNa ke kAraNa ve saMsAra ke pUjanIya aura vaMdanIya bana jAte haiN| 22 svataMtratA aura Atmazakti jaba taka pragaTa na kara lI jAya, taba taka Atmazakti kA cAhiye vaisA vikAsa nahIM ho sktaa| zAstroM kA kathana hai ki sahanazIlatA ke binA saMyama, saMyama ke binA tyAga aura tyAga ke binA AtmavizvAsa honA asaMbhava hai| AtmavizvAsa se hI nara-jIvana saphala hotA hai / jisa vyaktine nara jIvana pAkara jitanA adhika AtmavizvAsa prApta kara liyA vaha utanA hI adhika zAMtipUrvaka sanmArga ke Upara ArUDha ho sakatA hai / ataH saMyamI-jIvana ke liye sarva prathama mana ko vaza karanA hogA / mana ke vaza hone para indriyA~ svayaM nirbala ho jAyaMgI aura mAnava pragati ke patha para calane lgegaa| 23 sattArUDha hone ke liye loga car3hAcar3hI karate haiM, pArasparika lar3AI kara vaimanasya paidA karane ke sAtha apane dhana kA bhI durupayoga karate haiN| parantu yathAbhAgya kisI ko choTI yA bar3I sattA mila jAtI hai to sattArUDha hone ke bAda agara janatA kA bhalA nahIM
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________________ re-vacanAmRta / zrI rAjendrasUri-dha kiyA aura khAlI abhimAna kiyA yA logoM ko lUMTa kara apanI jebeM tara kara lIM to yaha sattA kA durupayoga hI hai / jisa sattA se logoM kA upakAra kiyA jAya, niHsvArthatA se lAMca ( utkoca) nahIM lI jAya aura nItipatha ko kabhI na chor3A jAya, vahI sattA kA vAstavika sadupayoga hai, nahIM to sattA ko kevala gardabha- - bhAra yA durgatipAtra mAtra samajhanA cAhiye / 24 jIvoM kI hiMsA hI AtmA kI hiMsA hai aura jIvoM kI dayA hI AtmA kI dayA hai / aisA jAna kara mahAn puruSa sarvaprakAra se hiMsA yA usake upadeza kA parityAga kara dete haiM / saMsAra meM sumeru se UMcA koI parvata nahIM aura AkAza se vizAla koI padArtha nahIM / isI prakAra ahiMsA se bar3A koI dharma nahIM hai / isaliye ' jIvo aura jIne do ' isa siddhAnta ko apane jIvana sthAna do / apane ko jaisA sukha priya aura duHkha apriya hai, vaisA hI samasta prANioM ke sambaMdha meM bhI samajhanA cAhiye / kyoMki ahiMsA hI tapa, japa, saMyama aura mahAyajJa hai / 25 dUsare jIvoM ko sukhI karanA yaha manuSya kA mahAn AnaMda hai aura duHkha - pIr3ita jIvoM kI upekSA karanA manuSya ke liye mahAduHkha hai / dUsare prANiyoM ko duHkha yA trAsa pahuMcAnevAlA manuSya zaitAna hai, apane Upara Aye hue duHkhoM ko sahana karanevAlA haivAna hai aura vipattista logoM ko sukhI karanevAlA ' inzAna ' hai / isI prakAra kAmabhoga bhale hI Amoda-pramodajanaka hoM, parantu unakA antima pariNAma to viyoga, kalaha aura nirAzA utpanna karAnevAlA hI hai / ataH kAma-bhogoM ko duHkhada samajha kara inzAna ko tyAga denA cAhiye, tabhI usakI inzAniyata saphala mAnI jAyagI / 26 guru- vacanoM kA sadA Adara karanA, guru kI AjJA kA yathAvat pAlana karanA aura usameM na tarka, vitarka karanA yA na zaMkAzIla honA- -isIkA nAma 'vinaya' hai / vinaya se vidyA, vinaya se yogyatA aura vinaya se hI zrutajJAna kA lAbha jala meM tailavindu ke samAna vistRta rUpa se milatA hai| jisase saMsAra meM manuSya kI yazaH kIrti cAroM ora phailatI hai aura vaha sabakA sammAna - pAtra banatA hai / avinayAbhimukha AtmA apane durguNoM ke kAraNa jahAM paira rakhatA hai vahAM usake Upara apamAnAdi vipattiyA~ Akara savAra ho jAtI haiM / ahaMtA, durbhAvanA aura ghanAdi kI aiMTha--ye saba avinayajanaka durguNa 1 haiM / isa liye avinaya ko tilAMjalI dekara vinaya guNa ko apanAo, jisase ubhaya loka meM sukhasaMpatti kI prApti ho sake / 27 jo mAnava kharAba AdatoM kA gulAma rahatA hai vaha mAnavIya guNoM aura vizva
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pretha prema se sadA vaMcita rahatA hai| amAnupI durguNoM ke kAraNa vaha binA svAmI ke pazu ke samAna idhara-udhara ThokareM khAtA hai aura aneka vitAoM meM rAta-dina rahatA hai| isaliye apanI kharAba AdatoM ko sudhAre vinA manuSya ko kahIM para na Adara milatA hai jaura na acchA guNa / jo loga Adata ko sudhAra kara acche bana jAte haiM ve saba logoM ke priya bana jAte haiM aura acche guNa saMpAdana kara lete haiN| 28 tIna vaNika pUMjI lekara kamAne ke liye paradeza gye| unameM ekane pUMjI se lAbha prApta kiyA, dUsarene pUMjI ko saMbhAla kara rakkhI aura tIsarene mArI pUMjI ko beparavAhI se kho dI / yaha hai ki pUMjI ke samAna manuSyabhava hai| jo uttama karaNI karake usake mokSa ke nikaTa pahu~ca jAtA hai yA usako prApta kara letA hai vaha puruSa lAbha prApta karanevAle vaNika ke sadRza hai, jo svarga calA jAtA hai vaha dvitIya vaNika ke sadRza hai aura jo manuSyabhava ko apanI durAcAritA se nara evaM pazuyoni kA atithi banA letA hai vaha pUMjI kho denevAle ke samAna manuSyabhava ko yoM hI kho detA hai| ataH aisI karaNI karanA cAhiye ki jisase svargApavarga kI prApti ho sake / yahI mAnavabhava pAne kI saphalatA hai| 29 kSamA amRta hai, krodha viSa hai| kSamA mAnavatA kA atIva vikAsa karatI hai aura krodha usakA sarvathA nAza kara detA hai| kSamAzIla meM saMyama, dayA, viveka, paraduHkhabhaMjana aura dhArmika niSThA ye sadguNa nivAsa karate haiM / krodhAvezI meM durAcAritA, duSTatA, anudAratA, parapIr3akatA Adi durguNa nivAsa karate haiM aura vaha sArI jiMdagI cintA, zoka evaM saMtApa meM ghira kara vyatIta karatA hai / usako kSaNa bhara bhI zAMti se sAMsa lene kA samaya nahIM miltaa| isa liye krodha ko chor3a kara eka kSamAguNa ko hI apanA lenA cAhiye, jisase ubhaya loka meM uttama-sthAna mila ske| kSamAguNa sabhI sadguNoM kI utpAdaka khAna hai / isa ko apanAne se anya sarva zreSTha guNa apane Apa mila jAte haiN| 30 saMsAra meM jitane jIva haiM ve apane-apane kRta karmoM ke anusAra durAcArI yA sadAcArI bana jAte haiM / jo durAcArI, adhama aura adhamAdhama haiM unako dayApAtra samajha kara, una para bhI samabhAva rakhanA, Arta-raudra dhyAna ko chor3anA aura dharma-dhyAna meM tallIna rahanA, yaha Atmonnati kA sarala mArga hai / santa puruSa kahate haiM ki chipa kara raha saMsAra meM, dekha sabana ko vesh| nA kAhu se rAga kara, nA kAhu se dveSa / / cupacApa sAMsArika vividha vezoM ko dekhate raho, parantu kisI ke sAtha rAga-dveSa
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________________ zrI rAjendrasUri-vacanAmRta / mata karo / samabhAva meM nimagna radda kara nija Atmika guNoM meM lIna raho, yahI mArga tuma ko mokSAdhikArI banAvegA / 31 putra aura pApa ye donoM sone aura lohe kI ber3I ke samAna haiM aura mokSArthiyoM ke liye ye donoM bAdhaka hai| jJAnI puruSa apane anubhava ke dvArA puNya aura pApa ko niHzeSa karane ko yathAzakya prayatnazIla rahate haiN| sAtha hI indriyajanya bhoga-vilAsoM ko sadguNI ghAtaka samajha kara chor3a dete haiM / isa prakAra prayatnazIla rahane se sukha-duHkha kA tAtA samUla naSTa hokara niHsaMdeha mokSaprApti hotI hai / 32 kalyANakArI vacana bolanA, caMcala indriyoM kA damana karanA, saMyamabhAva meM lIna rahanA, Apatti A par3ane para bhI vyAkula nahIM honA, apane karttavya kA pAlana karanA aura sarvatra samabhAva meM varatanA / isI prakAra logoM ko satya vacana bolane, saccA upAlambha aura saccA upadeza dene ke sthAna meM bhI bhayabhIta nahIM honA / ina guNoM ko dhAraNa karanevAle sAdhu, zramaNa yA muni kahalAte haiM aura inhIM ke dvArA logoM kA uddhAra hotA hai / 1 33 puruSa eka strI kA aura bo eka puruSa kI ho kara rahe / puruSa aura pazu meM saba se bar3A bheda yahI hai ki puruSa apanI kho ke atirikta dUsarI khiyoM ko mAtA, bahina ke samAna samajhatA hai; lekina pazu meM yaha vicAra nahIM pAyA jaataa| manuSya hote hue bhI apane AcaraNa pazu ke samAna karane laga jAya to vaha manuSya nahIM pazu hI hai / sirpha aMtara zIMga-pUMcha na honA hI hai / dhana calA jAya to kucha nahIM jAtA, svAsthya naSTa ho jAya to kucha nahIM calA gayA samajho, lekina jisa kI ijjata - AvarU calo jAya, caritra naSTa ho jAya to saba kucha naSTa ho gayA yahI samajhanA cAhiye / ataH puruSa aura stro ko saccaritra honA bahuta Avazyaka hai 1 34 jo vyakti vyAkhyAna dene meM dakSa ho, pratibhAsaMpanna ho, kuzAgra buddhizAlI ho aura prauDha vaktA ho; parantu jaba taka vaha mAna-pratiSThA kA lolutI hotA hai aura dUsaroM ko nIcA dikhAne kA prayatna karatA rahatA hai, taba taka vaha na vaktRtvakalAzIla hai aura na pratibhA saMpanna yA vidvAn hai / aisA vyakti sadA logoM meM tiraskaraNIya, mAna-pratiSThA se hIna aura apanI buddhi kA zatru banA rahatA hai / ataH dUsaroM ko apanI vidvattA batalAne kI apekSA nija AtmA ko samajhAnA zreSThatama hai / isIse kuzAgra buddhi kA, vidvatA evaM pratiSThA kA mAna bar3hegA aura AtmA kA AzAtIta utthAna ho sakegA / saphalatA prApta karane kA yahI eka sarala upAya hai / 1
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri- smAraka -graMtha I 35 unnati patha para car3hane kI AzA amIra aura garIba saba ko rahatI hai| jo vyakti sazakta ho devAMzI guNoM ko apane hRdaya meM dhAraNa karake zanaiH zanaiH car3hane ke liye kaTibaddha rahatA hai vaha usa dhyeya para jA baiThatA hai aura jo khAlI vicAragrasta rahatA hai vaha pIche hI raha jAtA hai / Age bar3hanA yaha puruSArtha para nirbhara hai / puruSArtha vahI vyakti kara sakatA hai jo Atmabala para khar3A rahanA jAnatA hai / dUsaroM ke bharose kArya karanevAlA puruSa unnati patha para car3hane kA adhikArI nahIM hai / use to aMta meM giranA hI par3atA 36 duniyAM meM nizipalAyana karake bhI kucha sAdhu AgamaprajJa kahA kara apanI pratiSThA ko jamAye rakhane ke liye apanI kalita kalama ke dvArA pustaka, paimpaleTa yA lekhoM meM mIyAMmi banane kI bahAdurI dikhAyA karate haiM, para duniyAM ke logoM se jo bAta jagajAhira hotI hai vaha kabhI chipI nahIM raha sakatI / aphasosa hai ki isa prakAra karane se kyA dvitIya mahAvrata kA bhaMga nahIM hotA ? hotA hI haiM / phira bhI ve loga Agama- prajJatA kA zIMga lagAnA hI pasaMda karate haiN| vastuta isI kA nAma avazastatA hai / jana-mana-raMjanakArI prajJA ko Atmapragatirodhaka hI samajhanA caahiye| jisa prajJA meM utsUtra, mAyAcArI, asatya bhASaNa bharA rahatA hai vaha durgati pradAyaka hai / ata: miyAMmiTThU banane kA prayatna asaliyata kA prabodhaka nahIM, kintu adhamatA kA dyotaka hai / 10 37 mAnava kI mAnavatA kA prakAza satya, zaurya, udAratA, se hI hotA hai / jisa meM guNa nahIM, usameM mAnavatA nahIM, mAnavatA kA saMhAraka hai aura prANImAtra ko yahI ko durbhAvanArUpa aMdhakAra ko apane hRdaya se karanA cAhiye / yahI prakAza uccastara para le zivadhAma meM pahuMcAtA hai / hai 1 saMyamitatA Adi sadgurgo andhakAra hai / aMdhakAra hI saMsAra meM DhakelatA hai / ataeva prANImAtra nikAla kara sadbhAvanAmaya prakAza pragaTa jAkara mAnavajIvana ko saphala banA kara 38 jinezvara vANI anekAnta hai / vaha saMyamamArga kI samarthaka hai / vaha sarva prakAreNa tInoM kAla meM satya hai aura ajJAnatimira kI nAzaka hai| isa meM ekAnta durAgraha aura asat tarkavitoM ko kiMcinmAtra bhI sthAna nahIM hai| jo loga isa meM viparIta zraddhA rakhate aura saMdigdha rahate haiM, ve matinaMda aura mithyAvAsanA se grasita haiM / jisa prakAra saghana meghaghaTAoM se sUryateja daba nahIM sakatA, usI prakAra mithyApralApoM se satya AcchAdita nahIM ho sakatA / ataH kisI prakAra kA sandeha na rakha kara jinezvara vANI kA ArAdhana karo, jisa se bhavabhramaNa kA roga sarvathA naSTa ho jAya /
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________________ 12 zrI rAjendrasUri-vacanAmRta / 39 jisa dharma yA samAja kA sAhitya atyujvala aura satya vastusthiti kA bodhaka hai saMsAra meM vaha dharma yA samAja sadA jIvita rahatA hai, usakA nAza kabhI nahIM hotaa| Aja bhArata meM jainadharma vidyamAna hai isakA mUla kAraNa usakA ujjvala sAhitya hI hai| jaina-sAhitya ahiMsAdi aura satya vastusthiti kA bodhaka hai / isI kAraNa se Aja bhAratIya evaM bhAratetaradezIya bar3e-bar3e vidvAn isakI muktakaMTha se sarAhanA kara rahe haiM / ataH jaina sAhitya kA mukha ujvala aura samAdaraNIya bana rahA hai| sarvAdaraNIya aura satya sAhitya meM saMdigdha rahanA apanI saMskRti kA ghAta karane ke barAbara hai / 40 jisa deva meM bhaya, mAtsarya, mAraNabuddhi, kaSAya aura viSayavAsanA ke cihna vidyamAna haiM, usakI upAsanA se usake upAsaka meM vaisI buddhi utpanna honA svabhAvika hai / jainadharma meM sarva doSoM se rahita, viSayavAsanA se vimukta aura bhavamramaNa ke hetubhUta kamoM se rahita eka vItarAga deva hI upAsya deva mAnA gayA hai| jisa kI upAsanA se mAnava aisA sthAna prApta kara sakatA hai jahA~ bhavabhramaNarUpa janma-maraNa kA duHkha nahIM hotA / isa prakAra ke vItarAga deva kI ArAdhanA jaba taka AtmavizvAsa se na kI jAya, taba taka na bhavabhramaNa kA duHkha miTatA hai aura na janma-maraNa kA duHkha / 41 saMsAra meM yadi sukhapUrvaka jIvana vyatIta karane kI jijJAsA ho to saba ke sAtha nadI-naukA ke samAna hila-mila kara calanA sIkho / kisI ke sAtha vidroha yA virodha na karo / phira bhI dhanavAn 1, balavAn 2, jJAnavAn 3, tapasvI 4, zIlavAn 5, adhika parivArI 6, zikSAdAtA guru 7, bhUpati 8, krodha caMDAla 9, juArI 10,cugalakhora 11, duSTAtmA 12, rogagrasta 13, abhimAnI 14, asatyavAdI 15, svArthI 16, bAlaka 17, ativRddha 18, dAnavIra 19 aura pUjya puruSa 20, ina vIza janoM ke sAtha bhUla kara ke bhI kabhI virodha nahIM karanA cAhiye; nahIM to ye vipatti meM utAre binA kabhI nahIM rheNge| 42 vidyA dhana udyama vinA, pAve ja kaho kauna ?' vidyA aura dhana ye donoM satata parizrama ke hI phala haiN| maMtrajApa, devArAdhanA aura DhoMgI pAkhaMDiyoM ke gale par3ane se vidyA aura dhana kabhI nahIM mila sakate / vidyA cAhate ho to suguruoM kI sevApUrvaka saMgati karo, pustaka yA zAstra pAThoM kA manana karane meM satata prayatnazIla raho / dhana cAhate ho to dharma aura nIti kA yathAvat paripAlana karate hue vyApAra-dhaMdhA meM sadA saMlagna rho| yahI vidyA yA dhanaprApti kA sarala upAya samajhanA caahiye| 43 rAjya, gurudeva, zAstraniyama, jyeSThavarga, sanmitra, jAtipaMca aura lokApavAda
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________________ 12 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri- smAraka -graMtha isa prakAra ye sAta niyaMtraNa- davAva haiN| inhIM niyaMtraNoM ke Dara se pratyeka prANI asadAcAraNa karate DaratA hai aura svapara ko sacaritrI banA sakatA hai| jo ina niyaMtraNoM kI avahelanA karate-karAte haiM, unako apanI sacaritratA se hAtha dhone par3ate haiN| sAtha hI aneka parezAniyoM kA sAmanA karanA par3atA hai aura yAtanAe~ bhI bhugatanA par3atI haiM, isaliye agara duniyAM meM saritrI bana kucha ijjA jamAnA yA kamAnA hai to ukta niyaMtraNoM kA vAstavika rUpa se paripAlana karate rahanA cAhiye / 44 dhana kI apekSA svAsthya, usakI apekSA jIvana aura usakI apekSA AtmA pradhAna hai| zarIra ko taMdurasta rakhane ke liye prakRti ke anukUla kama khAnA, jhagar3e ke samaya gama khAnA aura pratikramaNAdi dharmAnuSThAnoM meM upavezana evaM abhyutthAna karanA cAhiye / jIvana aura Atma-vikAsa ke liye cugalabAjI, niMdAkhorI, cAlabAjI, kalahabAjI Adi kharAba AdatoM ko hRdaya bhavana se nikAla kara dUra pheMka denA cAhiye aura unako zuddha AcAra-vicAroM, zubhAcaraNoM tathA vizuddha vAtAvaraNa meM saMyojita karanA cAhiye / yahI nirdoSa mArga unakA bhalibhA~ti vikAsa karanevAlA mAnA gayA hai / 45 uttama kula meM janma, dharmiSTha parivAra, nirvAhayogya lakSmI supAtra patnI, loka meM ijjata, sadguruoM kA yoga aura zAstrazravaNa meM ruci itanI bAteM prANiyoM ko pUrva puNyodaya ke binA nahIM milatIM / jo puruSa yA strI inako pA karake jIvana saphala yA sArthaka nahIM kara letA, usake samAna abhAgA duniyAM meM dUsarA koI nahIM hai| aisA zAstrakAra maharSiyoM kA mantavya hai jo solaha AnA satya samajhanA cAhiye / 46 duHkha - saMtapta jIvoM ko dekha kara jo unake duHkhoM ko miTAne ke liye yathAzakya prayatna karatA rahatA hai, jo na kisI kI niMdA karatA hai aura na cugalakhorI / jo na apane aizvarya kA mada karatA hai aura na kisIko nIcA dikhAne kA prayatna / jo parakhiyoM ko mAtA evaM bahina ke samAna samajhatA hai aura na midhyAdRSTiyoM ke caMgula meM phaMsatA hai / jo apane aMga meM moha-mAyA ko sthAna nahIM detA aura na krodhAveza ko / jo sadA apane dhyAna meM magna rahatA hai, kintu viSayI kaSAyI devoM kA kabhI zaraNa nahIM letA / jo gharadhaMdhoM meM udAsIna bhAva se rahatA hai; parantu khoTe dhaMdhoM kA Azraya nahIM letA / basa, aisA hI guNasaMpanna vyakti jaina zrAvaka svapara ke jIva kA sudhAra kara sakatA hai / 47 jisa puruSa meM zaurya, dhairya, sahanazIlatA, saralatA, suzIlatA, satyAgraha, guNAnurAgatA, kaSAyadamana, viSayadamana, nyAya aura paramArtha ruci ityAdi guNa nivAsa karate
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________________ zrI rAjendrasUri-vacanAmRta / haiM, saMsAra meM vahI puruSa devAMzI, Adarza aura pUjya mAnA jAtA hai / aise hI vyakti ko saba loga sarAhate haiM aura usake vacanoM ko bar3e Adara se zravaNa kara svapara kA sudhAra karane meM samartha banate haiN| 48 duniyAM meM lAlasA usa mRgatRSNA ke samAna hai, jisakA koI bhI pAra nahIM pA sakatA / koI dhana-kuvera banane kI aura koI narapati banane kI lAlasA rakhatA hai| koI vidvAn hone kI to koI mahAyogI banane kI utkaMThA rakhatA hai| koI nyUjha peparoM meM prasiddha hone kI to koI sattAdhIza banane kI AzA rakhatA hai| koI duniyAMmAtra ko jhukAne kI to koI carcAvAda meM vijaya pAne kI jijJAsA rakhatA hai| isa prakAra lAlasA ke hI cakra meM prANI isa lAlasA kA anta nahIM pA sakate / anta meM sarva AzAoM ko chor3a kara saMtoSa dhAraNa kiyA jAyagA tabhI zAnti aura sukha milegaa| 49 saMtoSI puruSa meM ApattikAla ke samaya meM dhairyatA, aizvaryAvasthA meM sahanazIlatA, sabhA ke samaya kuzalatA, zAstraparizIlana ke samaya kuzAgratA aura vyavahAra karate samaya sabhyatA pAkara khar3I hotI haiN| isa kAraNa usako kAyaratA yA bhIrutA sparza nahIM kara sktii| usake kAna, nAka, netra Adi bhI kabhI pratikUlatA kA vyavahAra nahIM karate / ataH saMtoSI pratisamaya kAnoM se zAstrazravaNa, netroM se nItivAkyAmRtoM kA avalokana aura nAka se sadabhAvanAoM kI sugaMdha kA jJAna karatA rahatA hai, jisase usako pApa karma cha nahIM skte| 50 AgrahI manuSya apanI kalpita bAtoM kI puSTi ke liye idhara-udhara kuyuktiyA~ khojate haiM aura unako apane mata kI puSTi kI ora le jAte haiM / madhyastha dRSTisaMpanna vyakti zAstra aura yuktisiddha vastusvarUpa ko mAna lene meM tanika mI khIMcatAna yA haThAgraha nahIM karate / anekAntavAda bhI batalAtA hai ki suyuktisiddha vastusvarUpa kI ora apane mana ko lagAo, na ki apane manaHkalpita vastusthiti ke durAgraha meM utara kara asalI vastu sthiti ke aMga ko chinna-bhinna karo | kyoMki mAnasa kI samatA ke liye hI anekAntatatvajJAna jinezvaroM ke dvArA prarUpita kiyA gayA hai| usa meM tarka karanA aura zaMka-kAMkSA rakhanA AtmaguNa kA ghAta karanA hai| 51 kSamA se AtmA meM zubha vicAra pragaTa hote haiM, phira zubha vicAroM ke baDhane se acche saMskAra banate haiM aura zubha saMskAroM ke bala se uttarottara manuSyoM kA vikAsa hotA rahatA hai--jisa se ve dharma rUpa bana jAte haiM / jina aparAdhoM kI eka vakta kSamA mAMgI jA cUkI hai, sana aparAdhoM ko phira se na hone denA isI kA nAma sacI kSamA hai / khAlI
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________________ . zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-praya lokadikhAU kSamA mAMganA aura jahAM ke jahAM rahanA usako kSamAyAcanA nahIM, dhUrtatA samajhanA cAhiye / jahAM vaimanasya bhAvanA hotI hai, vahAM kSamA yAcanA nahIM hotii| mana ko sarvathA virodha yA traimanasya kI durbhAvanA se haTA lenA aura phira kabhI vaisI bhAvanA nahIM Ane denA, yahI kSamAprArthanA AtmavikAsa karanevAlI hai| ataH isa prakArakI kSamAprArthanA karane ke liye sadodyata rahanA adhika lAbha pradAyaka hai aura yahI kSamAvIra puruSoM kA AbhUSaNa kahI jAtI hai| 52 tumbe kA pAtra munirAja ke hAtha meM jAkara supAtra bana jAtA hai, saMgItajJoM ke dvArA vizuddha vAMsa meM vaha jor3A jA kara madhura-ghara kA sAdhana bana jAtA hai, dorAoM se baMdha kara samudra yA nadI ko pAra karAne kA kAraNa bana jAtA hai aura madirA-mAMsArthI logoM ke hAtha jAkara rudhira yA mAMsa ra bane kA bhAjana bana jAtA hai| isI prakAra manuSya sajjana aura durjana kI saMgati meM par3ha kara guga yA avaguNa kA pAtra bana jAtA hai| ataH manuSya ko sadA acchI saMgati meM hI rahanA caahiye| 53 viSamizrita bhojana ko dekha kara cakora panI apane netroM ko mIMca letA hai, haMsa kolAhala karane lagatA hai, sArikA vamana karane lagatI hai, totA Akroza meM A jAtA hai, bandara viSTA karane lagatA hai, kokila pakSI mara jAtA hai, kauMca pakSI nAcane lagatA hai, nakula tathA kauA prasanna hone lagatA hai; ataH jIvana ko sukhI rakhane ke liye sAvadhAnI se saMzodha kara bhojana karanA caahiye| 54 cArvAka-nAstika matI pratyakSa pramANa ko, bauddhamatI pratyakSa, anumAna aura zabda-ina tIna pramANoM ko, akSapAda-naiyAyikamatI pratyakSa, anumAna, zabda aura upamAnaina cAra pramANoM ko, prabhAkaramatI tathA bhaTTAnuyAyI pratyakSa, anumAna, zabda, upamAna aura arthApatti-ina pAMca pramANoM ko aura jainadharmAvalambI pratyakSa aura parokSa ina do pramANoM ko mAnate haiN| jainoM ke sivAya zeSa mata ekAnta vastusthiti ke samarthaka haiN| jainI anekAnta. dRSTi se vastusthiti ke samarthaka hai-jo sarva prakAra se yathArtha hai| 55 gRhasthoM ke sAtha paraspara akAraNa bAtoM meM samaya bitAnA, ha~sI-majAka karanA, Akroza vacana bolanA, kaTu-prapaMca racanA, vastu lekara nahIM dI, kahanA, bAta-bAta meM haMsanA aura bhojana karate, pezAba karate tathA kriyAnuSThAna karate bolanA, ye sabhI bAteM asatyavAditA ke hI aMga haiN| ina bAtoM ke AcaraNa se dvitIya mahAvrata kA bhaMga hotA hai / ina bAtoM se gRhasthoM ke Tukar3e bhArI paDate haiM aura unakA badalA bhistI ke ghara maiMsA hokara cukAnA par3atA hai|
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________________ zrI rAjendrasUri-vacanAmRta / 56 vyabhicAra sevana karanA kabhI sukhadAyaka nahIM / isase pariNAmataH aneka vyAdhi tathA duHkhoM meM ghiranA paDatA hai / ukti bhI hai ki 'bhoge rogamayaM' viSaya bhogoM meM roga kA bhaya hai, jo vAstavika kathana hai / vyaktimAtra ko apane jIvana kI taMdurastI ke liye parakhI, kulAMganA, gotrajastrI, aMtyajastrI, avasthA meM bar3I strI, mitrastrI, rAjarANI, vezyA aura zikSaka kI strI; ina nau prakAra kI striyoM ke sAtha kamI bhUla kara ke bhI vyabhicAra nahIM karanA caahiye| inake sAtha vyabhicAra karane se loka meM nindA aura nItikAroM kI AjJA kA bhaMga hotA hai, jo kabhI hitakAraka nahIM hai / 57 corI, strIprasaMga aura upakaraNa-saMgraha ye tInoM bAteM hiMsAmUlaka haiM aura saMyamasAdhakoM ko inakA sarvathA parityAga kara denA hI lAbhakAraka hai| ajaina zAstra kAroM kA bhI mantavya hai ki jo saMnyAsI corI, bhoga valAla aura mAyA kA saMgraha karatA hai vaha kaniSTha yoniyoM meM bahata kAlaparyata bhramaNa karatA rahatA hai| isI prakAra 1 gRhastha kI AjJA ke binA usake ghara kI koI bhI vastu vAparanA, 2-kitI kI bAlaka bAlikA yA strI ko phusalA kara bhagA denA, 3 aura jinezvara niSedhita bAtoM kA AcaraNa athavA zAstraviruddha prarUpaNA karanA aura 4 guru yA vaDIla kI AjJA ke binA gocarI lAnA, khAnA yA koI bhI vastu kisIko denA- lenA ye cAroM bAteM corI meM hI praviSTa haiM / ataH saMyamI sAdhuoM ko ina bAtoM se bhI sadA dUra rahanA cAhiye, tabhI usakA saMyama sArthaka hogaa| 58 rAtribhojana ke ye cAra bhAMge-1 dina ko banAyA, dina meM svAyA, 2 dina ko banAyA rAtri meM khAyA, 3 rAtri ko banAyA dina meM khAyA, 4 aMdhere meM banAyA aMdhere meM khAyA / ina bhAgoM meM se pahalA bhAMgA hI zuddha hai / rAtribhojana ke tyAgiyoM ko ina mAMgoM meM sAvadhAnI rakha kara aura pariharaNIya mAMgoM ko chor3a kara apanA niyama pAlana karanA hI lAbhadAyaka hai| isI prakAra rasacalita rAtavAsI, abhakSya aura nazIlI cIjeM bhI vAparanA acchA nahIM hai / ina vastuoM ko vAparane se zarIra ke svAsthya ko hAni pahu~catI hai| 59 samaya kI gatividhi aura loka-mAnasa kI rukha ko bhali bhA~ti samajha kara jo vyakti apanA savyavahAra calAtA hai vaha kisI taraha kI parezAnI meM nahIM utaratA / jo loga haThAgraha yA apanI alpamati ke vaza ukta bAta kA anAdara karate haiM ve kisI bhI jagaha logoM kA prema sampAdana nahIM kara sakate aura na apane vyavahAra meM lAbha pA sakate haiM / ataH pratyeka mAnava ko samaya kI kadara karanA aura lokamAnasa ko rukha ko pahacAna kara kAryakSetra meM utaranA cAhiye / 60 saMsArI manuSyoM meM jo apanI sukhasuvidhA kI kucha bhI cintA na kara kevaLa
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________________ De zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri smAraka -graMtha paramArtha meM hI Atmabhoga denevAle haiM, ve uttama haiN| apanI svArthasAdhanA ke sAtha jo dUsaroM ke sAdhana meM bhI yathAzakya sahayoga dete rahate haiM ve madhyama hai| jo kevala apane svArtha sAdhana meM hI kaTibaddha rahate haiM; paraMtu dUsaroM ke tarapha lakSya nahIM rakhate, ve adhama haiM / aura jo apanI bhI sAdhanA nahIM karate aura dUsaroM ko bhI barabAda karanA jAnate haiM ve adhamAdhama hai / ina cAroM meM se prathama ke do vyakti sarAhanIya aura samAdaraNIya haiM / pratyeka prANI ko prathama yA dUsare bheda kA hI anusaraNa karanA cahiye, tabhI usakI unnati ho skegii| 61 bhogoM ke bhogane meM vyAdhiyoM ke hone kA, kula yA usakI vRddhi hone meM nAza hone kA, dhanasaMcaya karane meM rAjA, cora, agni aura sambaMdhiyoM kA, mauna rahane meM dInatA kA, bala - parAkrama milane meM duzmanoM kA, sauMdarya milane meM vRddhAvasthA kA, sadguNI banane meM irSyAluoM kA aura zarIra-saMpatti milane meM yamarAja kA; isa prakAra pratyeka vastuoM meM bhaya hI bhaya hai / saMsAra meM eka vairAgya hI aisA hai ki jisa meM kisI kA na bhaya hai aura na cintA / ataH nirbhaya vairAgya mArga kA AcaraNa karanA hI sukhakAraka hai I 62 jisa prakAra vanAgni vRkSoM ko, hAthI vanalatAoM ko, rAhu candramA kI kalA ko, vAyu saghana bAdaloM ko aura jala pipAsA ko chinnabhinna kara DAlatA hai; ThIka usI prakAra asaMyama bhAvanA AtmA ke samujvala jJAnAdi guNoM ko naSTa-bhraSTa kara DAlatA hai / jo loga apanI asaMyama bhAvanA ko nijAtmA se nikAla kara dUra kara dete haiM aura phira unake phaMde meM nahIM pha~sate ve apane saMyamabhAva meM rahate hue apane dhyeya para ArUDha hokara sadA ke liye akSayya sukhavilAsI bana jAte haiN| itanA hI nahIM una ke Alambana se dUsare prANI bhI apanA AtmavikAsa karate rahate haiM / 63 saMyama ko kalpavRkSa kI upamA hai; kyoMki tapasyA rUpI isakI majabUta jar3a hai, saMtoSa rUpI isakA skaMdha hai, indriyadamana rUpI isakI zAkhA prazAkhAe~ haiM, abhayadAna rUpa isake patra haiM, zIla rUpI isa meM patrodga haiM aura yaha zraddhAjala se sIMcA jAkara navapallavita rahatA hai / aizvarya aura svargasukha kA milanA isa ke puSpa haiM aura mokSaprApti isa kA phala hai / jo isa kalpavRkSa kI sarva taraha se rakSA karatA hai usake sadA ke liye bhavabhramaNa ke duHkhoM kA anta ho jAtA hai / 64 para - doSAnuprekSI hone kI apekSA svadoSAnuprekSI honA vizeSa acchA hai| parasaMpatti kI IrSyA karane kI apekSA apane karmoM kI AlocanA karanA vizeSa lAbhajanaka hai| dUsaroM
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________________ zrI rAjendrasUri-vacanAmRta / / kI burAI karane kI apekSA apane AtmadoSoM kI burAI karanA uttama hai / dUsaroM kI barA. barI karane kI apekSA apanI nirvalatA kI cintA karanA acchA hai| apanI AtmaprazaMsA karane kI apekSA guru, deva yA mahAn puruSoM kI prazaMsA karanA yA sunanA sarvottama hai / ina bAtoM ke guNa yA avaguNa ko bhalivica samajha kara jo unake anurUpa calane kA prayatna karatA hai, usIko uttamatA milatI hai / 65 jisa vyakti meM kisI prakAra kI vidhA hai aura na tapaguNa, na dAna hai aura na AcAravicArazIlatA, na audAryAdi prazasta guNa haiM aura na dharmaniSThA / aisA nirguNa vyakti usa pazu ke samAna hai jisake zIga aura pUMcha nahI haiM, balki usase bhI gayAgujarA hai| jisa prakAra suMdara upavana ko hAthI aura parvata ko vana caupaTa kara detA hai, usI prakAra guNavihIna narapazu kI saMgati se guNavAna vyakti bhI caupaTa ho jAtA hai / ataH guNa. vihIna narapazu kI saMgati bhUla karake bhI nahIM karanA cAhiye ! 66 hAthoM kI zobhA sukRta-dAna karane se, mastiSka kI zobhA harSollAsapUrvaka vaMdananamaskAra karane se, mukha kI zobhA hita, mita aura priya vacana bolane se, kAnoM kI zobhA bAptapuruSoM kI vacanamaya vANI zravaNa karane se, hRdaya kI zobhA sadbhAvanA rakhane se, netroM kI zobhA apane iSTadevoM ke darzana karane se, bhujAoM kI zobhA dharmanindakoM ko parAsta karane se aura pairoM kI zobhA barAbara bhUmimArga ko dekhate hue mArga meM gamana karane se hotI hai| ina bAtoM ko bhalIvidha samajha kara jo inako kAryarUpa meM pariNita kara letA hai vaha hI apane jIvana kA vikAsa kara letA hai aura apane mArga ko niSkaMTaka banA letA hai| 67 sAdhu, sAdhvI, zrAvaka, zrAvikA, maMgha ke ye cAra aMga hai| inako zikSA denA, dilAnA, bastrAdi se sammAna karanA, samAjavRddhi ke liye dharmapracAra karanA-karAnA, hArdika zubha bhAvanA se inakI sevA meM kaTibaddha rahanA aura inakI sevA ke liye dhanavyaya karanA / inhIM zubha kAryoM se manuSya vaha punyAnubaMdhI punya upArjana karatA hai jo usako uttarottara UMcA par3hAkara antima dhyeya para pahuMcA detA hai aura usake bhavabhramaNa ke duHkhoM kA anta kara detA hai| 68 zAstrakAroMne jAti se kisIko U~ca, nIca nahIM mAnA hai, kintu vizuddha AcAra aura vicAra se UMca, nIca mAnA hai| jo mAnava UMce kula meM utpanna ho karake bhI apane AcAravicAra ghRNita rakhatA hai vaha nIca hai aura jo apanA AcAravicAra sarAhanIya rakhatA hai vaha nIca kulotpanna ho karake bhI UMca hai / ajaina zAstrakAra bhI isI prakAra A
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka -graMtha cAravicAra se hI UMca nIca mAnate haiM, para jAti se nhiiN| harikezI, metArya aura pArAsara RSi nIca kulotpanna ho karake bhI acche kArya se duniyAM meM pUjya aura samAdaraNIya bane haiN| isa liye jo manuSya uttama AcAra-vicAroM ko apanA dhyeya banA letA hai vaha uttama kahatA hai aura unako apanA dhyeya na banAne se hI adhama-patita kahA jAtA hai / 69 varSA kA jala sarvatra samAna rUpa se barasatA hai, parantu usakA jala ikSukSetra meM madhura, samudra meM khArA, nImavRzna meM kar3avA aura gaTara meM gandA bana jAtA hai| isI prakAra zAstra - upadeza pariNAmase sundara haiM / lekina yathApAtra usakA pariNamana hotA hai aura acche pAtra meM uttamatA aura ayogya pAtra meM adhamatA dhAraNa kara letA hai| jo vyakti laghukarmI, dharmaniSTha tathA sadbhAvanA-saMpanna haiM, unake hRdaya meM zAstropadeza amRta ke samAna pariNita hokara unakA uddhAra karatA hai aura jo bhArIkarmI, mithyAmasita aura duSTasvabhAvI haiM, unake hRdaya meM vaha upadeza viSa ke samAna pariNita ho jAtA hai aura unakA uddhAra kabhI nahIM kara sakatA / yaha saba prANiyoM ke zubhAzubha karmoM kI lIlA samajhanA cAhiye / 70 vAstavika lajjAguNa ko apanAo 1, pratyeka vyavahAra meM satya bolanA na chor3o 2, koI bhI aparAdha hone para usakI mAphI zIghra mAMga lo 3, zAstra yA lokaviruddha AcaraNa na karo 4, bhale AdamiyoM kI sabhA meM baiThanA sIkho 5, guMDAoM kI saMgata se bacakara rahane kA prayatna karo 6, deva, guru kI sevA se vaMcita na raho 7, zAstra-vAMcana yA zravaNa sadA karate raho 8, parastriyoM ko tAkanA chor3a do 9 / ina zikSAoM ko apanA lene se AtmA doSavimukta hotA hai / ataH ina zikSAoM ko hRdaya meM aMkita karake inakA yathAvat paripAlana karate rahanA cAhiye, tabhI AtmA ubhaya loka meM sukhavilAsI banegA / 71 duniyAM meM aisA koI guNI puruSa zeSa nahIM, jisa para khala puruSoM ne doSAropaNa na kiyA ho / khala puruSa lajjAlu puruSoM ko matihIna, tyAgI puruSoM ko dambhI-kapaTI, pavitrAtmAoM ko dhUrta, zUravIra puruSoM ko nirdayI - dayAhIna, mauna rahanevAle puruSoM ko buddhi - vikala, madhurabhASI puruSoM ko garIba, tejasvI puruSoM ko sthiracittavAle puruSoM ko balahIna- azakta kahate haiN| isa prakAra ke se sadA dUra rahanevAlA vyakti hI saMsAra meM sukhI raha sakatA hai aura apane sadguNoM kI surakSA kara sakatA hai| ghamaMDI - abhimAnI aura khala puruSoM ke paricaya 72 kucha loga apanI Adata ke vaza dUsaroM ke avaguNoM aura kamajoriyoM kI TIkATippaNa karate rahate haiM aura vistRta rUpa dete rahate haiM; kintu apane avaguNoM aura kama
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________________ bhI rAjendrasari-vacanAmRta / joriyoM kI ora kucha bhI dhyAna nahIM dete| jaba taka hama svayaM apanI kamajora AdatoM para zAsana na kara le, taba taka hama dUsaroM ko kucha nahIM kaha sakate / ataH sarvaprathama pratyeka vyakti ko apanI nirbalatAoM ko sudhAra kara, phira dUsaroM ko sudhArane ko icchA rakhanA caahiye| 73 dharma aura adharma, punya aura pAra, jJAna aura ajJAna, tatta aura atatva tathA sanmArga aura asanmArga-inakA vAstavika svarUpa samajhA kara prANiyoM ko jo mokSamArga ke liye pravRtta karatA hai aura durgati meM girate prANiyoM ko bacAtA hai usI puruSa ko tAraNataraNa guru samajhanA cAhiye; kyoM ki usakA sthAna bahuta U~cA hai| mAtA, pitA, bhAI, bahana, bI, putra Adi kuTuMba parivAra to isI loka kA sAthI hai| parantu gurUpadiSTa mArga parabhava meM bhI sAtha rahatA hai| vaha kabhI bhI sAtha nahIM chodd'taa| ataH aise guru kA saMyoga pA kara unakI sevA-bhakti se kabhI vaMcita nahIM rahanA caahiye| 74 parigraha-saMcaya zAMti kA duzmana hai, adhIratA kA mitra hai, ajJAna kA vizrAma. sthala hai, bure vicAroM kA krIDodyAna hai, ghabarAhaTa kA khajAnA hai, pramattatA kA maMtrI hai aura lar3AI-daMgoM kA niketana hai, aneka pApa karmoM kA koSa hai aura vipattiyoM kA vizAla sthAna hai / ataH isakI saMgrahakhorI chor3a kara jo saMtoSa dhAraNa kara letA hai, vaha saMsAra meM sadA ke liye sukhI rahatA hai aura pApakarmajanya durgati se apanI AtmA ko bacA letA hai| 75 ghRta-saTTA, A~ka, pharaka, ghur3adauDa, tejI-mandI Adi kA dhaMdhA, zataraMja, gaMjIphA, tAsa Adi kA khelanA 1, mAMsAdana-machalI, pazu, pakSI Adi kA mAMsa bhakSaNa karanA yA becanA 2, surApAna-dAru, tAr3IpAna, brAMDI, tamAkhu khAnA, bIr3I, sIgareTa, car3asa, gAMjA, bhAMga Adi nazAbAjI meM ramanA 3, vezyA-gaNikA ke sAtha saMbhoga karanA 4, zikAra khelanA 5, corI-tAlA tor3anA, dUsarI cAvI lagA kara tAlA kholanA, khAta pAr3anA, yA paDAnA, jeboM kA kataranA, para-thApaNa khola kara vastu nikAlanA, cora kA poSaNa karanA, tathA cora ko chipAnA 6; paradAra sevA-- dUsaroM kI svI, vidhavA, kumArikA, pAsavAna tathA gudA Adi ke sAtha maithuna sevana karanA 7; ye sAta prakAra ke kutryasana haiM jo rAjayAtanA aura lokanindA ke kAraNa haiN| inako durgatidAyaka samajhakara sarvathA chor3a denA cAhiye, varanA mahAduHkhI honA par3egA aura mAnavatA kA sarvanAza ho jaaygaa| 76 jinendra--upadiSTa dharmamArga meM viparIta zraddhA rakhane ko mithyAtva kahA gayA hai| mithyAtvI kAle nAga se bhI adhika bhayaMkara haiN| kAle nAga kA jahara to maMtra yA bhauSadhi
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka - pratha dvArA utArA jA sakatA hai; parantu midhyAtvaprasita vyakti kI vAsanA kabhI alaga nahIM kI jA sktii| agara atizaya jJAnI bhI use zAntipUrvaka samajhAve to bhI vaha apanI mithyAvAsanAko nahIM chor3a sakatA, balki zikSaka ko hI doSI ThaharAne kA zaktibhara prayatna karatA hai / isa liye nItikAroM tathA dharmazAstroMne aise vyaktiyoM ko upadeza denA manA kiyA hai| vastutaH aise mithyAviyoM kI saMgati karanI bhI acchI nahIM hai| 1 77 pazu aura pakSI ye donoM upakAraka haiN| lolupatA ke nimitta inakA hanana karanA mahAn aparAdha hai aura kRtaghnatA hai / pazuoM ke aGgAvayava saba taraha upayogI haiM aura pakSiyoM ke avayava kI bhI kaI prakAra kI cIjeM banatI haiM jo logoM ke vAparane meM AtI haiM / ataH niraparAdha pazu pakSiyoM ko mAra DAlanA mahApApa hai / dharmazAstra kahate haiM ki ve pazu, pakSI mara kara manuSya hoMge aura manuSya mara kara pazu, pakSI ke rUpa meM janma leMge / taba ve pazu, pakSI usase usI pukAra kA badalA leMge, jisa prakAra ki manuSyoMne unake sAtha kiyA thA / isaliye prANImAtra ko aise aparAdhoM kA sarvathA tyAga kara denA cAhiye, nahIM to badalA cukAnA par3egA / 78 lAlaca, lobha ke liye hiMsAdi karanA 1, binA matalaba hiMsAdi karanA 2, badalA lene kI bhAvanA se kisI ko mAra denA 3, kisI ko mArate hue bIva meM hI dUsare ko mAra DAlanA 4, mitra ko zatru aura zatru ko mitra samajhane kA mana meM saMkalpa - vikalpa karanA 5, pratyeka vyavahAra meM asatya ko hI apanAnA 6, taskaravRtti se AjIvikA calAnA 7, apanA burA cAhane kI kisI ke Upara zaMkA rakhanA 8, abhimAnavaza kisIko nIcA dikhAne kA prayatna karanA 9, thor3e aparAdhoM meM bhI kisI ko bhArI daMDa yA sajA karanA - karAnA 10, kapaTa prapaMcoM se kisIko Thaga lenA 11, lobha ke vaza nIce se nIca dhandhA rojagAra, yA viSayapoSaNArtha kisI kI hatyA karanA - karAnA 12, aura rAstA ko dekhe binA ayatanA se gamanAgamana karanA 13, isa prakAra ye teraha pApabandha ke kriyAsthAna haiM / jo manuSya inakA parityAga karake apanI AtmA ko saMyama meM rakhatA hai vaha pApakarma se chuTakArA pAjAtA hai / 79 jinAjJA kA pAlana karanA 1, mithyAbhAva kA tyAga karanA 2, samyaktava saha zrAddha kA paripAlana karanA 3, parvadivasoM meM pauSadha karanA 4, dAnAdi cAra prakAra ke dharma ko dhAraNa karanA 5, svAdhyAya - dhyAna meM baratanA 6, namaskAra maMtra kA jApa karanA, paropakAra ke liye tatpara rahanA 8, haraeka kArya meM yatanA rakhanA 9, savidhi ekApracita prabhu-pratimA kI pUjA karanA 10, jinezvaroM kA smaraNa karanA 11, dharmAcArya kI prazaMsA dH
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________________ - zrI rAjendrasUri-vacanAmRta / karanA 12, svadharmIbhAiyoM kI sevA karanA 13, vyavahArazuddhi se dravyopArjana karanA 14, bhArI julusa ke sAtha rathayAtrA nikAlanA 15, prAcIna arvAcIna jainatIthoM kI yAtrA karanA 16, sahanazIla honA 17, pratyeka kArya meM viveka rakhanA 18, AtmA ko saMvara meM rakhanA 19, sabhyatA se bolanA 20, jIvoM para sadA dayA rakhanA 21, dhArmika janoM kI saMgati karanA 22, indriyadamana karanA 23-cAritra lene kI bhAvanA rakhanA 24-isa prakAra ye dainika aura vArSika cauvIsa kRtya haiN| inako bhalIbhAMti AcaraNa karane-karAnevAlA puruSa sacA jaina zrAvaka kahalAtA hai aura vaha mokSa-mandira ko bahuta jaldI prApta kara sakatA hai| 80 pRthvI, apa, tejasa, vAyu ina cAroM kI sAta-sAta lAkha, pratyeka vanaspati kI 10 lAkha. sAdhAraNa-vanaspati kI caudaha lAkha, dvIndriya, trIndriya tathA caturindriya ina tInoM kI do-do lAkha, devatA, nArakI tathA tiyaca-paMcendriya ina tInoM kI cAra-cAra lAkha aura manuSya kI caudaha lAkha, isa prakAra ina jIvoM kI caurAzI lAkha yoniyA~utpatti sthAna hai| jo prANI dharma se hIna ho durbhAvanAbAle hai ve ina yoniyoM meM dIrghakAla paryata yAtanA ke sAtha paribhramaNa karate rahate haiN| jo loga dharmaniSTha tathA sadbhAvanA rakhane. vAle haiM ve ina yoniyoM se chuTakArA pAkara sukhI bana jAte haiN| 81 kAlA-bajAra, kUr3a-kapaTa, laTapATa aura lAMvarUzvata ke dvArA cAhe jitanI daulata saMgraha kara lI jAya aura usase cAhe jitanA aizaArAma kiyA jAya, para vaha tabhI taka hai jaba taka pUrva saMcita punya kI prabalatA hai| puNya ke nAza hone bAda na Amoda-pramoda hai aura na daulata / yamarAja kA AmaMtraNa Ane bAda usase na daulata bacA sakegI aura na Amoda-pramoda, na sage sambandhI aura na svajana mitrAdi / yama ke pakar3a le jAne bAda saba yahA~ hI raha jaayeNge| sirpha daulatajanya pApa hI sAtha calegA aura parabhava meM vahI kaSTa ke gahare garta meM paTaka degaa| yaha nissaMdeha samajha kara prApta daulata se sukRta kArya kara lo vaha tuma ko Age bhI sahAyaka ho skegaa| 82 manuSya jaisA harAma-sevana aura saMgrahakhorI meM tallIna ho jAtA hai, vaisA vaha yadi prabhu-bhajana yA usakI AjJA pAlana meM rahA kare to usakA ber3A pAra hote dera nahIM lgtii| jima taraha garbhAvasthA meM, vyAdhi avasthA meM, ruciyogya kathAzravaNAvasthA meM aura smazAnayAtrA meM manuSya jaisI mati rakhatA hai, vaisI mati yadi sadA kAla dhArmika kAryoM meM rakkhA kare to use yamarAja kA kucha bhI bhaya nahIM raha sakatA / ataH apanI mati ko sadAkAla vairAgya rasa meM otaprota rakkho, jimase janma -maraNa sambandhI duHkha miTatA jAya aura AsmA sukhamaya banatI jAya /
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasari-smAraka-graMtha 83 devaloka meM devoM ko asaMkhya varSoM kA AyuSya aura phira nirAbAdha mahAn sukhabhoga prApta haiN| Akhira unakA bhI anta avazyaMbhAvI hai| aisI paristhiti meM manuSyAdi prANiyoM kA AyuSya aura sukha kisI bhI ginatI meM nahIM haiN| isaliye azAzvata evaM kSaNabhaMgura sukha meM lipta na raha kara vaise sukha ko prApta karane kA prayatna karo jo kabhI nAzavAna na ho / ataH sudeva, suguru aura sudharma isa ratnatraya kI vizuddha bhAva evaM AtmavizvAsa se sadA sevA karate raho / isI sevA se akSayya sukha milegaa| 84 karmasattA ke Age kisI kI manA nahIM cala sktii| karmoMne apanI sattA se anantabalI zrI RSabhadeva jI ko bAraha mahine taka nirAhAra rakkhA / inake hI prabhAva se zrI mahAvIra prabhu ko sADe bAraha varSa taka amA upApoM kA mAnatA karanA pdd'aa| sagara cakravartI ko 60 hajAra pugoM ke ekadama maraNa kA duHkha bhugatanA pdd'aa| sanatkumAra cakravartI ko ghaDIbhara meM solaha roga hone kA kaSTa dekhanA par3A / rAmacandrajI ko caudaha varSa taka jaMgala jaMgala meM bhaTakanA par3A aura pAMDavoM ko bAraha varSa taka idhara-udhara ghUmanA paDA; isa prakAra karmasattA sarvoparI hai aura inake Age sabhI sattAe~ nirbala haiM / karmasattA ko jisane jIta liyA vahI puruSa saccA vijayI hai, isaliye isako jItane kA saccA mArga pakaDanA siikho| 85 hATa, havelI, javAharAta, lADI, vADI, gADI, seThAI aura sattA saba yahIM par3e raheMge / duHkha ke samaya inameM se koI bhI bhAgIdAra nahIM hogA aura mare bAda inake Upara dUsaroM kA Adhipatya ho jAyagA / dharma, dayAlunA, paropakAra Adi jo sukRta kArya hai aura tajjanya punya hai vahI sAdhaka ke sAtha jAyagA aura vahI usako bhavAntara meM sahAya degA aura usako sukhakAraka sthAna prApta karA skegaa| isaliye acche kAryoM ko kabhI mata chor3o, anyathA duHkhI honA pdd'egaa| jaba apanI bAta sabako manAne kI aura snehI, sambandhI, mitroM kI aura kSaNabhaMgura zarIrapoSaNa kI rAta-dina cintA karate ho to phira bhavAntara meM sukhI hone kI cintA kyoM nahIM karate ?-parabhava meM to sukRta kArya hI kAma degA; hATa, havelI Adi nhiiN| 86 dholakA-nareza vIradhavalane jaba vastupAla tejapAla ko maMtrIpada lene ko kahA tava donoM ne kahA ki pahalI sevA vItarAga dharma kI, dUsarI sevA dharmaguruoM kI aura unake bAda tIsarI sevA Apa kI hai / yadi yaha vAta Apa ko pUrNatayA maMjUra ho to hameM maMtrIpada lene meM kisI taraha kI Apatti nahIM hai, varanA bAdhA ho sakatI hai; kyoM ki maMtrIpada kI apekSA dharma kI sevA mahatama aura adhika hai| isa prakAra ke dharmadRDha vyakti Aja kahAM hai ?
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________________ bhI rAjendrasari-vacanAmRta / matalaba ki samAja yA rASTra meM aise vyakti khar3e hoMge, tabhI usakA saMcAlana vyavasthita rUpa se ho skegaa| 87 bhImA kuDaLiyA ghRta kA vyApArI thA, isase vaha dhanopArjana karake apane kuTuMba kA pratipAlana karatA thaa| eka dina vaha prAbhAntara se apane ghara kI ora jA rahA thA / mArga meM kumArapAla rAjA kA maMtrImaMDala kisI jinAlaya kA uddhAra karAne kI pAnI kI jhaMjhaTa kara rahA thA / bhImA kuiliyA bhI vahAM gayA aura usane apanA sarvasva pAnar3I meM bhara diyA aura sabase Upara apanA nAma rakhAyA / Aja aise udAra sadgRhastha kahAM haiM ? Ajake makkhIcUsa gRhastha to aise avasara ko TAlane ke liye idhara udhara apanA muMha chipAte phirate haiN| jaba taka samAja meM bhImA jaise udAra gRhastha na hoMge, taba taka samAja UMcA nahI uTha sktaa| 88 acchA aura burA honA saba karma kI lIlA hai| usameM dUsarA koI nimittabhUta nahIM hai| yaha siddhAnta aTala aura amara hai / apane pitA ke vyartha ke mada ko na saha kara mayaNAsuMdarIne haMsate mukha koDhI zrIpAla ko vara liyaa| vahI zrIpAla zraddhApUrvaka navapadaArAdhanA ke prabhAva se devakumAra jaisA svarUpavAn bana gayA / Aja aisI dRr3ha zraddhAla zrAvaka, zrAvikAe~ kahAM haiM ? / Aja to zrAvaka, zrAvikAe~ jAdU, TonA, aMdhavizvAsa, bhramaNA, kajiyAkhorI aura DhoMgI deva, deviyoM ke pIche apane ko barabAda kara rahe haiN| samAja meM jaba taka dharmazraddhAlu zrAvaka, zrAvikAe~ na hoMgI taba taka samAja astavyasta dazA meM hI rhegaa| 89 bhogI-bhramara zAlIbhadra jI ke darzanArtha rAjA zreNika unake ghara AyA / bhadrA zeThAnIne usakA zAhI svAgata kiyaa| zAlIbhadra ko kahA ki apanA svAmI rAjA-zreNika Aja apane ghara AyA hai| zAlIbhadrane socA kyA abhI bhI mere Upara svAmI hai ?, are! merI punyAI kama hai| isaliye aisA mArga pakar3A jAya jisase ahamindra pada mile / basa, zAlIbhadrane apanA devIvaibhava tathA apsarA jaisI suMdara battIsa striyoM kA parityAga karake zrImahAvIrapramu ke samIpa bhAgavatI dIkSA lelI / usakA pAlana kara usane ahamindra para prApta kara liyA / Aja aise jJAnagarbhita vairAgyazAlI narapuMgava kahAM haiM / isa prakAra kI AtmA yA unake sadRza AtmAoM kA mahAbhAgya se hI darzana ho sakatA hai| 90 khAte, pIte, harate-phirate, zayanAdi karate Adi sAmArika kAryoM meM loga sadA vyasta rahate haiN| parantu sAmAyika, pUjA Adi dharmakArya karane meM ve kaI taraha ke bahAne nikAlate haiM / isI prakAra vizya, kaSAya Adi meM lIna zeTha, zAhUkAra, prophesara, amaladAra Adi sattAdhAriyoM ko loga bar3e prema se jhuka jhuka kara praNAma karate haiM; lekina saMsAratyAgI mahApuruSoM ko hAtha jor3ane meM bhI unako zarama AtI hai aura apanI saMtati ko
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha maiTrika, ema. e., bI. e., el. el. bI. yA inase bhI adhika AI. sI. aisa. Adi DIpriyoM ko pAsa karAne meM loga hajAroM rUpayoM kI vArI kara DAlate haiM, kintu garIboM kI zikSA yA Ada ke liye kucha nahIM dete aura na dhArmika adhyayana karAne meM hI apane hAtha ko lambA karate haiN| yAda rakkho isase koI kalyANa nahIM hogA ! Atma-kalyANa to garIboM ko zAtA pahuMcAne para hI hogA / 91 marudevI mAtAne apane pUrvabhava kI punyAI se isa bhava ke daramiyAna hI apane sAmane 65 hajAra pIr3hiyAM nirAbAdha rUpa se dekhIM / una meM kabhI kisI kA sira taka duHkhanA bhI nahIM sunA aura na kabhI kisI ko marA huA sunA; isIkA nAma saMsAra meM mahAsukha hai / jisake kuTumba meM kabhI sukhI aura kabhI duHkhI, isa prakAra tumula jamA rahatA hai, vaha sukhI nahIM mahAduHkhI hai / pratyeka manuSya ko cAhiye ki vaha marudevI mAtA ke samAna sAMsArika sukha saMpAdana karane kA yathAzakya prayatna kareM / 1 92 jisa prakAra AdhA bharA huA ghar3A jhalakatA hai, bharA huA nahIM; kAMsI kI thAlI raNakAra zabda karatI hai, svarNa kI nahIM aura gadahA bhuMkatA hai, ghor3A nahIM; isI prakAra duSTa-svabhAvI durjana loga thor3A bhI guNa pAkara eMThane lagate haiM aura ve apanI svalpa buddhi ke kAraNa sArI janatA ko mUrkha samajhane lagate haiM / sajjana puruSa hote haiM ve sadguNa pUrNa hokara ke bhI aMzamAtra aiMThate nahIM aura na apane guNa ko hI apane mukha se jAhira karate haiN| jaise sugaMdhI vastu kI suvAsa chipI nahIM rahatI, vaise hI unake guNa apane Apa camaka uThate haiM / isaliye durjanabhAva ko chor3a kara sajjanatA ke guNa apanAne kI kozISa karanA cAhiye, tabhI Atma-kalyANa hogA / 93 yaha nizcayataH yAda rakkho ki jIvana, snehI, vaibhava aura zarIra-zakti Adi jo kucha dRzyamAna sAmane hai, vaha samudrIya taraMgoM ke samAna kSaNabhaMgura hai / yaha na kabhI kisI ke sAtha gayA aura na kisI ke sAtha jAtA hai / kyoMki yaha saba sthAyI nahIM hai, yaha anubhava siddha bAta hai| jIva saMsAra meM akelA hI AtA hai aura akelA hI jAtA hai / ve zubhAzubha karmodaya se kabhI pitA, kabhI putra, kabhI mAtA, kabhI putrI, kabhI patnI aura kabhI bahina bana jAte haiN| aisI paristhiti meM eka dharma ko hI apanA lene se AtmA kA uddhAra hotA hai aura kisI se nahIM / 24 94 mahArAjA dazarathajI bharata ko rAjya prahaNa karane ko AjJA dete haiN| bharata inkAra karatA huA rAmacandrajI se prArthanA karatA hai ki rAjya lene ke yogya Apa haiM, maiM to ApakA sevaka rahanA cAhatA hU~ / rAmacandrajI jaba yaha bAta maMjUra nahIM karate, taba bharata
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________________ 25 zrI rAjendrasUri-vacanAmRta / ke netroM se azrudhArA baha nikalatI hai / Aja bharata jaisA vinamra, vivekI aura bhrAtRpremI kauna hai ? isa prakAra ke vinamra niHspRhI vinayI puruSa hoMge, tabhI to vaha rAmarAjya kahA jAyagA aura janatA sukhI ho sakegI / jahAM ghUsakhorI, lUTapATa, mahaMgavArI aura Apasa kI phUTa kA sAmnAjya rahatA hai, na vahAM prajA ko sukha milatA hai aura na sukhabhara nidrA A sakatI hai| 95 zAnti tathA droha ye donoM eka dUsare ke virodhI tatva haiN| jahAM zAMti ho, vahAM droha nahIM aura jahAM droha ho vahAM zAMti kA nivAsa nahIM hotaa| droha kA mukhya kAraNa hai apanI bhUloM kA sudhAra nahIM karanA / jo puruSa sahiSNutApUrvaka apanI bhUloM kA sudhAra kara letA hai, usako droha sparza taka nahIM kara sakatA / usakI zAnti Atma-saMrakSaNa, Atma-saMzodhana aura usake vikAsaka mArga ko Azraya detI hai| jisase bhAI bhAI meM, mitra mitra meM, jana jana meM sabhI vyaktiyoM meM mela-jola kA prasAra hotA hai aura pArasparika saMgaThana-bala bar3hatA hai| ataH pratyeka vyakti ko droha ko sarvathA choDa denA cAhiye aura apane pratyeka vyavahArakArya meM zAMti se kAma lenA caahiye| logoM ko vaza karane kA yahI eka vazIkaraNamantra hai| 96 jaise vaTavRkSa kA bIja choTA hote hue bhI usase bar3A AkAra pAnevAlA aMkura nikalatA hai, usI taraha jisakA hRdaya vizuddha hai usa kA thor3A kiyA huA punyakarma bhI bhArI rUpa ko pakar3a letA hai / dAna, zIla, tapa, bhAvarUpa dharmacatuSTa ya meM bhAvadharma sabase adhika mahatvazAlI hai| saMsAra meM dhArmika aura kArmika sabhI kriyAe~ sadbhAva se hI saphala hotI hai| ataH bhAvadharma ko svargApavargake mahala para car3hane kI nisaranI aura bhavasAgara se pAra hone kI naukA ke samAna mAnA gayA hai / isaliye koI bhI dharmAnuSThAna kiyA jAya, usameM bhAvavizuddhi ko sthAna denA cAhiye, tabhI usakA vAstavika phala mila sakatA hai / 97 sAdhu meM sAdhutA tathA zAnti aura zrAvaka meM zrAvakatva aura dRDhadharma parAyaNatA honA AvazyakIya haiN| inake binA unakA AtmavikAsa kabhI nahIM ho sktaa| jo sAdhu apanI saMyamakriyA meM zithila rahatA hai, thor3I-thor3I vAta meM Aga-babUlA ho jAtA hai aura sArA dina vyarthabAtoM meM vyatIta karatA hai, isI taraha jo bhAvaka apane dharma para vizvAsa nahIM rakhatA, kartavya kA pAlana nahIM karatA aura AzA se DhoMgiyoM kI tAka meM rahatA hai; usa sAdhu evaM zrAvaka ko unhIM pazuoM ke samAna samajhanA cAhiye jo manuSyatA se hIna haiN| kahane kA matalaba ki sAdhu evaM zrAvaka ko AtmavizvAsa rakhakara apane-apane kartavyapAlana meM sadA dRr3ha rahanA cAhiye tabhI unakA prabhAva dUsare vyaktiyoM para par3egA aura ve anya bhI unake prabhAva se prabhAvita ho kara apane jIvana kA vikAsa sAdha skeNge|
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________________ 26 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha 98 ' bhAgya kare so hoya' yaha lokokti solaha AnA satya hai / manuSya apane bhAgyabala se asaMbhava ko saMbhava, kaThina ko sahaja, durlabha ko sulabha kaura anullaMghanIya ko laMghanIya banA letA hai / yaha saba taba hI ho sakatA hai jaba bhAgya prabala hotA hai| bhAgya ke pratikUla ho jAne para manuSya meM kucha bhI karane kA sAmartha nahIM rhtaa| bhAgya ko balavAna banAye rakhane kA duniyAM meM dharma ke sivAya aura koI upAya nahIM hai / dharma eka aisI vastu hai jisa se ciMtAmaNiratna ke samAna sabhI AzAeM kSaNabhara meM saphala hotI haiM / prabhu-pratimA ke darzana karanA, usakI savidhi pUjA karanA, tapa, japa, prabhAvanA, sadbhAvanA, paropakAra aura dayAlutA Adi sukRta karma dharma ke aGga haiN| inakA AtmavizvAsa pUrvaka samAcaraNa karate rahane se bhAgya kI prabalatA hotI hai| ata: mAnavako apanI pragati ke liye dharmAGgoM ko sadA apanAte rahanA caahiye| 99 manoyoga, vacanayoga, kAyayoga, ye tInoM apanI kupravRtti tathA tajjanya pApakarmabandha karAne meM agrasara haiN| aura ye hI mAnavoM ko turanta saMsAra meM paTaka kara yAtanA ke gahare garta meM DAlanevAle haiN| yadi mAnava ina para apanI sattA jamA kara, inheM acchI pravRtti kI ora lagAveM to usa ko kisI prakAra kI yAtanA nahIM bhugatanI pdd'tii| zAstrakAra pharamAte haiM ki jo manuSya sahanazIlatA, suzIlatA, sadbhAvanA, udAratA Adi nirvadya pravRttiyoM meM sadA ramaNa karatA rahatA hai use ukta yogoM kI kupravRtti kabhI nahIM dabA sktii| ata: mAnavoM ko apane vikAsa ke liye nirdoSa zubha pravRttiyoM kA Azraya lenA cAhiye, tabhI apanI pragati ve AsAnI se kara skeNge| 100 pUMjIpati vyakti akulIna ho to bhI kulIna, nirbala ho to sabala, mUrkha ho to jAnakAra aura bhIru ho to nirbhIka mAnA jAtA hai| yaha usake pAsa ke dhana kA mahatva hai / aura isIse vaha saMsAra meM sukhopabhogI, Amoda-pramodI banA rahatA hai| parantu usake liye isase durgati dvAra banda nahIM hotA aura na usakI zrImantAI vahAM sahAyaka hotI hai / vastutaH dhanavanta banane kI sArthakatA taba hI hotI hai jaba vaha apane garIba svadharmIbandhuoM kI evaM dIna, dIna, duHkhI prANiyoM kI aura duHkha-darda-pIDita jIvoM kI hRdaya se sevA kare tathA chAtrAlaya, jJAnAlaya, dharmAlaya Adi kI suvyavasthA kare / punyavRddhi aura acchI gati kI prApti inhIM sukRta kAryoM se hotI hai| 101 manuSya mAnavatA rakha kara hI manuSya hai| mAnavatA meM sabhI dharma, siddhAnta, suvicAra, kartavya, sukriyA A jAte haiN| mAnavatA, satsaMga, zAstrAbhyAsa evaM susaMyogoM se hI AtI aura bar3hatI hai| manuSya ho to mAnava bno| basa dharma, artha, kAma, mokSa saba prApta ho skeNge|
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________________ vartamAnAcArya vyAkhyAna-vAcaspati zrImadvijaya yatIndrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja saha munimaNDala. paTTaparaH-madhye meM AcAryazrI, unake dAhe pakSa para munizrI lakSmIvijayajI ma. vAma pakSa para munizrI vidyAvijayajI ma. nIce virAjitaH-dAhe munizrI sAgarAnaMdavijayajI ma. vAma ora munizrI kalyANavijayajI ma. madhya meM bAlamuni zrI bhAnuvijayajI. khar3e huoM meM dAhe se vAhe:-sarva munizrI lakSmaNavijayajI, devendravijayajI, bhuvanavijayajI, rasikavijayajI, jayaprabhavijayajI, jayaMtavijayajI saubhAgyavijayajI. puNyavijayajI, kAMti vijayajI aura zAMtivijayajI ma.
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________________ vyAkhyAna-vAcaspati jainAcArya zrI zrI 1008 zrI zrI bhaTTAraka vijayayatIndrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja
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________________ klllik dhanyavAda aura abhinandana / zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrIzvara-jayantI divasa vikrama saMvat 2011 pauSa zuklA 7 zanivAra ko Ahora ( rAjasthAna) meM bhArI samAroha ke sAtha manAyA gayA thA / usI avasara para gurudeva kA divaMgata ardhazatAbdI mahotsava manAne ke sambaMdha meM vicAra-vimarza, pravacana, prastAva Adi huye aura dUsare hI dina Ahora, bAgarA saMgha ke pratiSThita sadgRhasthoM ke dvArA nizcita ho kara mahotsava aura gurudeva kA smAraka -grantha zAnadAra prakAzita karAne kA prastAva pAsa huA / isa kArya ko saMpanna karane ke liye ardhazatAbdI taka vidvAnoM se lekha maMgavA kara saMpAdita karane kA kAryabhAra zrIdaulatasiMhajI lor3hA bI. e, ko sauMpA gyaa| lor3hAjIne isa kArya ko bhalI bhA~ti sampanna karane ke liye khuda ke sahita vidvAn sampAdaka - maMDala banAyA / sampAdaka- maNDala ke vidvAn sadasyoM kI tatparatA aura karmaThatA se yaha kArya sampanna ho kara Aja hamAre sAmane prastuta hai / lagabhaga 101 choTe-bar3e lekhoM kA jo isa smAraka grantha meM stutya saMkalana huA hai aura lekhoM meM adhikAMza lekha bhArata prasiddha vidvAnoM ke haiM yaha saMpAdakamaMDala ke zrama kA spaSTa dyotaka hai| kaI lekha to aise haiM jinako likhane meM unake lekhakoM ko bar3A zrama aura samaya lagAnA par3A hai| sacamuca grantha divaMgata AtmA gurudeva zrImadvijaya rAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja ke kIrtinAma ke anurUpa hI bana sakA hai / yaha saba munizrI vidyAvijayajI ke prayatna aura tatparatApUrNa zrama ke svarUpa hai, jo kaI dinoM taka pragatizIla raha kara Aja isa grantha ke rUpa meM mUrtita huA hai / smAraka -grantha kA saMpAdana aura prakAzana ke liye sarva prathama bAgarA zrI saMghane rU. 11001) aura Ahora zrIsaMghane rU. 10001) kA stutya dAna diyA hai jo eka mAtra munizrI vidyAvijayajI ke prayatna kA hI suphala hai / isaliye munizrI vidyAvijayajI aura bAgarA tathA Ahora kA zrIsaMgha atyaMta sAdhuvAda ke pAtra haiM / isI prakAra hamAre vidvAn munimaMDalate saMpAdaka-maMDala ko upayukta lekha - sAmagrI juTAne meM sarAhanIya yoga diyA - dilAyA hai yaha mujha se ajJAta nahIM hai / ataH una ko bhI hArdika dhanyavAda hai / pcuk anan
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________________ akhila bhAratavarSIya pratinidhi prathama sammelana, baDanagara meM sarvAnumati se smAraka-grantha ke samasta lekhoM kA avalokana kara jAne ke liye munizrI kalyANa vijayajI vaiyAkaraNI, indauranivAsI paM. juhAramalajI nyAya-kAvyatIrtha, mandasorama nivAsI paM0 madanalAlajI jozI zAstrI, sAhityaratna tathA rAjamalajI loDhA sAhityabhUSaNa, jaina sAhityaratna, ina cAroM sadasyoM kA eka saMzodhaka-maMDala kAyama kiyaa| ina sarasyoMne mere samakSa prastuta sabhI lekhoM kA vAMcana aura avalokana kara ke samAja ke prati jo prema pradarzita kiyA hai, usake liye unako bhI abhinandanapUrvaka dhanyavAda diyA jAtA hai| ___ grantha kA kalevara jo itanA suMdara, Akapaka aura prazaMsanIya bana sakA hai, usa meM prasiddha vidvAn zrIyut agaracaMdajI nAhaTA aura zrIyut dalasukhabhAI mAlavaNiyAjI kA pUrA-pUrA sahayoga rahA huA hai, inake zrama kA jitanA dhanyavAda diyA evaM abhinaMdana kiyA jAya utanA nyUna hI hai| saMpAdaka-maMDala kA yaha stutya kArya sacce zrama kA eka cira pratIka rhegaa| sampAdaka-maMDala kA bhI hama sAdhuvAda ke sAtha abhinaMdana karate haiN| akhila bhAratavarSIya zrI jaina zvetAmbara sanAtanatristutika saMgha bhI sAdhuvAda kA pAtra hai-jisane apane svargIya gurudeva ke nAma una ke kArya ke anurUpa hI vizAla ardhazatAbdI mahotsava samAyojita kiyA aura una ke smAraka kA yada vRhada grantha prakAzita karA kara prasiddha kiyA! aMta meM vidvAnoM ke lekha lAnA, maMgAnA aura smAraka-graMtha ko chapAne meM daulatasiMhajI lor3hAne jo eka zramazIla yoga diyA hai, unakI kartavyaparAyaNatA 1 para evaM isa saphalatA para maiM mugdha ho kara unako hArdika saMtoSa ke sAtha zubhAzIrvAda detA huuN| zamityalam / zrIvijaya yatIndrasUri / khAcaroda, gurusaptamI saMvat 2013, SAGAtarpardGARUGwanes
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________________ sampAdakIya vaktavya apane bar3oM kA sammAna karane kI bhAvanA jAgrata prajA kA zubha lakSaNa hai| guNIjanoM ke sammAna karane kI pravRtti vaise to cirakAla se sabhya samAja dvArA Ahata rahI hai| parantu phira bhI svAtantrya prApti ke pazcAt yaha jIvana ke pratyeka kSetra meM adhika dikhAI detI hai| vidyamAna puruSoM kA to sanmAna kiyA hI jAtA hai| kintu divaMgata mahAn AtmAoM kI janma aura nidhana tithi ko nimitta banA kara unakA guNagAna kiyA jAtA hai, mahotsavapUrvaka unakI smRti manAI jAtI hai aura zraddhAMjaliyAM arpita kI jAtI haiN| phalataH smAraka aura abhinaMdana graMthoM kI idhara kucha varSoM se acchI vRddhi ho rahI hai / jaina kSetra meM isa dizA meM abhI thor3e hI graMtha prakAzita huye haiM aura unameM bhI prAmANika evaM upAdeya sAmagrI kitanI A pAI hai yaha balapUrvaka nahIM kahA jA sakatA / atyutsAha meM kahIM 2 to viveka kI maryAdA kA bhI ullaMghana dekhA gayA hai aura kalA aura sAhitya kA hAma aura gauNasthAna bhI / aisI sthiti aura manovRtti meM smAraka evaM abhinaMdana grantha kA Ayojana karake use manovAMchita rUpa se sampanna karanA atyanta hI kaThina kArya hai| yaha nizcita hai ki aise graMthoM meM lakSya rUpa se to eka viziSTa puruSa kA abhinandana aura unakI smRti hI hote haiN| parantu vidvAnoM ke jJAna evaM anubhava ke bhaNDAra honA bhI ina graMthoM kA sthAyI mahatva hai| inake dvArA vividha viSayoM kI jAnakArI se hamArI jJAnavRddhi hotI hai yaha suspaSTa hai| ___ prastuta graMtha meM jainadharma aura saMskRti, sAhitya aura kalA, itihAsa aura purAtattva, vijJAna aura samAja saMbaMdhI jaina dRSTi se pUrI 2 aura yugopayogI sAmagrI denA hamArA pradhAna lakSya thA aura isI nimitta 125 viSayoM kI viSaya sUcI bhI hindI tathA aMgrejI meM prakAzita karake viSayaniSNAta vidvAnoM ko bhArata aura bAhara pradezoM meM bhejI thii| saphalatA kI vaha abhilaSita pratimA to prApta nahIM ho sakI; parantu phira bhI isa meM vividha viSayaka jo kucha aura jitanA kucha A sakA hai vaha hamAre lakSya kI hI vastu hai aura vAMchanIya va upAdeya hai / isa dRSTi se yaha graMtha abataka prakAzita graMtho meM apanA eka viziSTa sthAna prApta karegA aisI hamako AzA hai| jaba AcArya zrI vijayayatIndrasUrijI ne AcArya zrI rAjendrasUrijI ke smRtisvarUpa nidhana-ardhazatAbdI-mahotsava ke avasara para smArakarmatha ke sampAdana-prakAzana kA bhAra
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________________ bhIman vijayarAjendrasari-smAraka-graMtha hamAre durbala kaMdhoM para rakhane kA prastAva kiyA, taba apanI maryAdA aura truTiyoM kA bhA hote huye bhI hamane isa pavitra kArya ko saharSa isa liye svIkAra kiyA ki divaMgata mahA AtmA ke prati isa nimitta se apanI zraddhAJjali dene kA eka zubhAvasara milA hai au isa prasaMga se kucha sAhitya sevA ho sake no acchI hai / kArya kI saphalatA to una divaMga AtmA ke AzIrvAda aura unhIM kI mahattA ke kAraNa ho hI jaaygii| smArakagraMtha saMbaMdhI vicAra-vimarSa no vi. saM. 2002 ke cAturmAsa meM bAgarA AcArya zrI vijayayatIndrasUrijI, munizrI vidyAvijayajI, zAha indramala bhagavAnajI aura zrI daulatasiMha lor3hA ke bIca huA thaa| kintu usa vicAra ko nirNaya va sakriyarUpa vi. saM. 2010 meM AcArya zrIvijayarAjendrasUrijI kI nidhana-jayantI ke avasara para siyANA meM milA aura usakA isa nimitta kAryArambha vi. saM. 2011 meM bAgarA meM zrIsaMgha ke ru. 11001) aura Ahora meM zrIsaMgha ke ru. 10001) ke dAna ke vacanadvArA ho gyaa| phira to zIghra hI kArya ko sucArUrUpa se sampanna karane kA kArya bhI prAraMbha kara diyA gyaa| isa nidhi ke koSAdhyakSa zAha udayacanda okhAjI, Ahora banAye gye| __ hamameM se zrI daulatasiMha lor3hA hI isake prabaMdha sampAdaka bane / unhoMne hI prAraMbhika yojanA banAI, viSayasUcI taiyAra kI, rAjendrasUri-saMkSipta jIvana prakAzita kiyA, vidvAnoM se patra-vyavahAra kiyA, svayaM yAtrA karake vidvAnoM ke pAsa jA kara bhI lekha ekatrita kiye, varSabhara se, kabhI bImAra na huye, aise bImAra hote huye bhI bhramaNa karake phoTogrAphI karavAI aura aMta meM bhAvanagara jA kara kevala dUdha aura phala pA chaH mAsa paryaMta raha kara mudraNa saMbaMdhI prUpha dekhane Adi samagra kArya kiyA / vidvAnoM se lekha prApta karane meM zrI nAhaTAjI kA lodAjI ko adhika sahakAra milA va unake paricaya se adhika vidvAnoM ke lekha aaye| unhoMne va paM. dalasukhabhAI ne lekhoM kA cayana aura nirIkSaNa Adi meM yathAsaMbhava sahayoga diyaa| kArya zIghratA se honA thaa| ata eva yaha saMbhava na thA ki sabhI sampAdaka saba lekhoM ko aura unake prUpha Adi ko dekha sakate / ataH mampAdanAdi meM kucha truTiyAM raha jAnA saMbhava hai to isakA doSa hama sabhI para hai| lor3hAjIne to apanI mamagra zakti isI meM lagA dI hai aura unhIM ke utsAha kA yaha suphala hai| abhinandana graMthoM, mAmayika patra-patrikAoM aura akhabAroM kI bAr3ha ke jamAne meM lekhakoM ko avakAza kA abhAva rahanA svAbhAvika hI hai| aneka vidvAna svIkRti dekara bhI lekha nahIM bheja sake, bahuta vidvAnoM ke lekha paryApta vilaMba karake Aye aura kucha ke samaya
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________________ sampAdakIya vaktavya nikala jAne para Ane se kaTu anubhava bhI huye| phira bhI premI lekhakoM ne hameM saharSa sahakAra diyA isake liye sampAdaka-maNDala una sabhI kA RNI hai aura una saba kA AbhAra mAnanA apanA karttavya samajhatA hai| prAraMbha se hI zrI vijayayatIndrasUrijI aura munirAjazrI vidyAvijayajI tathA unake AjJAnuvartI anya sAdhu-samudAya kA pUrNa sahayoga isa kArya meM rahA hai| khAsa kara AcArya vijayarAjendrasUri ke jIvana saMbaMdhI vibhAga kA sampAdana to inake sahakAra ke binA asaMbhava thaa| hama yahAM una sabhI ke prati AbhAra pradarzita karate haiM aura binA dravya-sahAyatA ke prakAzanakArya honA saMbhava nahIM, ataH una dAnadAtAoM kA bhI AbhAra mAnate haiN| ____ AcArya vijayarAjendrasUrijI ke jIvana aura kArya ke paricaya ke atirikta jaina dharma aura saMskRti kA paricaya denA yaha bhI jo isa smAraka graMtha kA prayojana thA isameM hameM kahAMtaka saphalatA milI hai yaha nirNaya to vijJa pAThakoM para hI chor3ate haiN| aMta meM zrI mahodaya priM. presa ke adhikArI zrI gulAbacaMda lallubhAI kA bhI hama AbhAra mAne binA nahIM raha sakate ki jinhoMne graMtha ko mahotsava ke avasara para sundara AkRtti meM pahu~cAne meM zrama kI sarva dizAoM ko khola diyaa| saMpAdaka-maNDala: agaracaMda nAhaTA, bIkAnera 27 aprila 1957, dalasukha mAlavaNiyA, banArasa zanizvara daulatasiMha lor3hA, dhAmaNiyA 'jayamikkhu', ahamadAbAda akSayasiMha DAMgI, zAhapurA (1) udAra sampAdaka-maNDala ne jo prAyaH samasta zreya mere para car3hA diyA hai, yaha unakI snehapUrNa kRpA kA phala hai / parantu jo kucha saphalatA huI hai vaha unake sasneha sahayoga, zrama aura unakI vyApaka prasiddhi aura paricaya ke hI kAraNa hai| (2) mujhako vAcana meM jo mahAn darda huA to vaha vidvAn lekhakoM kI nizcita calanevAlI lekhanI se sarjana pAte huye kaI eka zabdoM kI vikRta evaM aspaSTa AkRtiyoM pr| vidvAnavara isa ora dhyAna deMge to mere jaise bhAiyoM kA ve bhaviSya meM bar3A bhalA kreNge| vicArA sampAdaka vyartha hI burA banatA hai| yahAM doSita to maiM bhI huuN| para isa doSa kA kaTu anubhava mujha ko isa samaya huaa| - saMpA, daulatasiMha lor3hA
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________________ shriiviitraagaaH| zrImadvijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-grantha zrIrAjendra-khaNDa viSaya-sUcI guruguNASTaka aura smaraNAJjali Wan saMskRta kramAMka-lekhAMka viSaya lekhaka 1-1 prazAntavapuSa zrImadrAjendrari sva. upA. zrImohanavijayajI ma. 3 2-2 jainAgamapravettA " vidyAvizArada zrImadbhUpendrasUri ma0 3-3 bahumukhI vidvAn , vyAkhyAna-vAcaspati zrIyatIndrasUrijI ma. 7 4-4 suguru upA. zrImadgulAbavijayajI ma. 5-5 budhagaNazaraNa paM. ghuTara jhA. maithila, mar3hiyA 6-6 yogIrAja paM. kRpAzaMkara mizra, kAzI 7-7 satyavratI paM. jayadeva zAstrI, kAzI 8-8 zrIabhidhAna rA. kozakA , vyA. vA. zrI yatIndrasUrijI ma. Wan hindI; 9-1 kriyAvaMta vibhUti munizrI vidyAvijayajI * pathika ' 10-2 gurudeva kI dinacaryA kI eka jhA~kI , sAgarAnaMdavijayajI 11-3 yugadRSTA varArya gurudeva , kAMtivijayajI 12-4 smaraNa-jayantI daulatasiMha laur3hA 'araviMda ' bI. e. 13-5 vizvavaMdya zrImad rAjendrasUri vakIla mizrImala jaina, kukSI (ma. bhA.) 14-6 tumheM vaMdana ho zata-zata vAra zrI sohanalAla laharI, khAcarauda , 22 15-7 puSpAJjali munizrI zAMtivijayajI 16-8 saMvedana-saMgIta zrI nathamala 'padma' khAcarauda (ma. bhA.) 25 nArAjI
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________________ rAnI viSaya-sUcI ke 2 // 27- viralavibhUti sUri rAjendrane vaMdanA munizrI jayaMtavijayajI 26 Wan Englishy 18-10 RajendraSuri The Reviver. Shri Kundanmal Dangi 28 vyaktitva aura sAhityika jIvana Wan hindI Wan 19-1 zrI abhidhAna rAjendrakoza aura usake kartA zrI rAjamala lor3hA, maMdasaura 31 20-2 zrI gurudeva ke camatkArI saMsmaraNa vyA. vA. zrImadvijayayatIndrasUrijI ma0 59 21-3 gurudeva kI vizeSatA munizrI lakSmIvijayajI ma0 6 7 22-4 gurudeva kI yogasiddhi , harSavijayajI ma. 69 23-5 adhyAtmavAdI kavi zrImad rAjendrasUri , vidyAvijayajI 'pathika' 71 24-6 marudhara aura mAlave ke pAMca tIrtha , devendravijayajI * sAhityapremI' 77 25-7 gurudeva-sAhitya-paricaya , jayaprabhavijayajI 26-8 saccA rahabara munazI phataha mahammadakhA~ vakIla, niMbAher3A (rAja.) 95 27-9 prAtaHsmaraNIya satpuruSa aura hamArA kartavya zrI sUrajacaMda satyapremI (DA~gI) 97 28-10 zrImadrAjendramUriH eka mahAn sAhitya-sevI zrI saubhAgyasiMha gokharU 99 29-11 yugapravartaka zrI rAjendrasUrijI zrI nihAlacaMda phojamalajI jaina, khuDAlA 102 30-12 gurudevaracita siddhahaima prAkRtaTIkA sAdhvIjI zrI hetazrIjI 31-13 dizAparivartana __, uttamazrIjI 109 32-14 satyamArgadarzana muktizrIjI 114 33-15 gurudeva ke jIvanakA vihaMgAvalokana mahimAzrIjI 34-16 gurudeva puSpAzrIjI 125 35-17 gurudevadvArA kRta pratiSThAyeM , mahendrazrIjI 127 36-18 upakArI gurudevazrI rAjendrasUrijI mahArAja zrI vAlacaMda jaina ' sAhityaratna' 132 37-19 sarasvatIputra zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri daulatasiMha lor3hA 'araviMda' bI. e. 135 38-20 zrI saudharmabRhattapAgacchIya gurvAvalI munizrI devendravijayajI 144 + bhUI 2 . 32-22 zrI abhidhAna rAjendrakaSa saMstava munizrI yazovijayajI, amadAvAda zaha4 119
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________________ 34 zrImad vijAra-mAi40-22 Adarza tyAgI zrImad rAjendrasUrijI munizrI jayaMtavijayajI ka2-23 utkRSTa cAritrapAlaka zrI rAjendrasUrijI zatAvadhAnI kavizrI jayaMtamunijI 163 42-24 yugaprabhAvaka AcAryadeva zrI maphatalAla saMghavI, DIsA 164 karU-raka viralavibhUti ? abhutavegI ? zrI kIrtikumAra hAlacaMda vorA 4-26 zAsanaprabhAvaka zrI rAjendrasUri zrI pUnamacaMda nAgaralAla dozI, 272 4-27 sAhityakSetre zrI rAjendrasUri zrI maphatalAla maMchAcaMda saMghavI, 174 6-28 e AtmavIranA nAma para munizrI saubhAgyavijayajI 47-29 zrI abhidhAna rAjendrakoSasya nirmANakAraNam (saMskRta) upA0 zrI mohanavijayajI ma. 182 48-aa samikA (hindI) maMtrI munizrI mizrImarunI ma 183 ( gUrjara ) jainadharma vidyAprasAraka varga-pAlItANA 84 zrI kuMvarajI ANaMdajI-bhAvanagara jaina sAhityano ItihAsa (English) Sir George A. Grierson, K.C. 1. E. 834 Prof. Sylvainlevi, University of Paris .. Prof. Siddheswar Varma, M. A., Jammu ,, K. A. Dharnendriah X. Principal, Shri Camrajendra Sanskrit College, Banglore. 188
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________________ zrIjinezvarAH / zrImadvijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -grantha zrIrAjendra-puSpAGka viSaya-sUcI ka hindI ka 5 darzana aura saMskRti phra kramAMka- lekhAMka viSaya 49-30 AcArya mallavAdI kA nayacaka 50 - 31 jaina darzana 51-32 utsarga aura apavAda 52 - 33 jaina dharma kA karmavAda 53 - 34 karmabaMdhana aura mokSa 54 - 35 vizva ke vicAraprAMgaNa meM jaina tattvajJAna kI gaMbhIratA 55-36 aparigraha 56 - 37 jIvoM kI vedanA 57-38 maraNa kaisA ho ? lekhaka zrI dalasukha mAlavaNiyA. mahAtmA bhagavAnadInajI upA0 amaracaMdajI ma. paM. cainasukhadAsajI, jayapura paM. mizrIlAla boharA, indaura 58-39 bhArata kI ahiMsA saMskRti 59-40 ahiMsA-bhagavatI pRSThAMka zrI ratanalAla saMghavI, choTIsAdar3I 236 saMtapravara zrI gaNezaprasAdajI varNI, IsarI 258 munizrI kanhaiyAlAlajI ma. " kamala" 274 upA0 zrI hastimalajI ma. 287 zrI jayabhagavAna jaina, pAnIpata zrI ghevaracaMda bAThiyA, bIkAnera zrI jJAnamunijI 60-41 jIvana aura ahiMsA 61-42 jaina dharma meM striyoM ko samAna adhikAra zrI sAvaliyA vihArI lAla varmA 62 - 43 sAMkhya aura jaina dharma zrI udayavIra zAstrI, bIkAnera 63-44 upAsaka dazAMgasUtra meM sAMskRtika jIvana kI jhAMkI 64-45 rUpaM rUpaM pratirUpo babhUva zrI narendrakumAra bhAnAvata zrI vAsudevazaraNa agravAla, kAzI 191 211 219 229 234 298 321 326 332 335 344 353
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________________ bhIma vijayarAjendrari-smAraka-graMtha 65-46 sRSTikartA Izvara nahIM munizrI kAMtivijayajI 66-47 bhAratIya saMskRti ke AdhAra DaoN. maMgaladeva zAstrI, banArasa 67-48 pUrveziyA meM bhAratIya saMskRti AcArya raghuvIra, nAgapura 377 68-49 viziSTa yogavidyA munizrI devendravijayajI 384 hai jina, jainAgama aura jainAcArya Wan 69-50 jainAgamAnAmparicayaH (saMskRta) munizrI kalyANa vijayajI 402 70-51 zrImatIrthaGkarAH tadvaiziSTayaJca (saMskRta) , 406 71-52 vizva ke uddhAraka munizrI abhaya sAgarajI 72-53 tIrthaMkara aura usakI vizeSatAyeM zrI lakSmIcaMda jaina 'saroja', ratalAma 416 73-54 zrI bhadrabAhu zrutakevalI zrI kailAzacandra zAstrI 427 74-55 vimalArya aura unakA paumacariyaM / zrI jyotiprasAda jaina, lakhanaU 437 75-56 yazapura kA aitihAsika mahatva evaM zrI AryarakSitasUri zrI madanalAla zAstrI, maMdasaura 452 76-57 mAlavamanISI zrI prabhAcandrasUra zrI sU0 nA. vyAsa, ujjaina 460 77-58 vRttikAra zrI abhayadevasUri zrI riSabhadAsa rAMkA, pUnA 2 462 78-59 devendrasUrikRta navya karmagraMtha DA. mohanalAla mahatA 79-60 lukAzAha aura unake anuyAyI zrI bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA 80-61 upA0 meghavijayajI gumphitA arhadgItA paM. ramaNIkavijayajI 478 81-62 A. zrI rAjendrasUrijI kI jJAnopAsanA zrI agaracaMda nAhaTA 82-63 yugapuruSa zrI rAjendrari munizrI puNyavijayajI ma. 492 83-64 apabhraMza sAhitya kA mUlyAMkana zrI devendrakumAra ema. e., alamor3A 496 jaina dharma kI prAcInatA aura usakA prasAra // 84-65 prAaitihAsika kAla meM jaina dharma zrI kAmatAprasAda jaina 504 85-66 jaina dharma kI aitihAsika khoja munizrI suzIlakumArajI 509 86-67 jaina dharma kI prAcInatA aura usakI vishesstaayeN| zrI udayalAla nAgorI, bIkAnera 529 87-68 prAcIna jaina sAhitya meM mudrA saMbaMdhI tathya zrI umAkAnta pI. zAha, bar3audA 535 88-69 rAjapUtAnA meM jaina dharma DaoN. vAsudeva upA0 paTanA 545 89-70 rAjasthAna meM jaina dharma kA aitihAsika mahatva zrI kailAza candra jaina, jayapura 548 486
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________________ 37 viSaya-sUcI 90-71 jainAgamoM meM mahattvapUrNa kAlagaNanA zrI agaracaMda nAhaTA, bIkAnera 564 91-72 mahAvIrasvAmI kA mukti kAla-nirNaya pro. sI. DI. caTarjI, lakhanaU 580 92-73 bha0 mahAvIra kI vAstavika janmabhUmi vaizAlI pro. yogendra mizra, paTanA. 584 OM lalita kalA aura tIrthamandira U 93-74 koraTAjI tIrtha kA prAcIna itihAsa AcAryazrI yatIndrasUrijI 591 94-75 tIrthakSetra zrI lakSmaNI jI munizrI jayantavijayajI 597 95-76 rAjasthAna ke jaina maMdira zrI pUrNacandra jaina, jayapura 602 96-77 mathurA kI jaina kalA zrI kRSNadatta bAjapeyI ema. e, purA. saM. mathurA 608 97-78 janasthApatya aura zima athavA lalitakalA daulatasiMha lor3hA, bhIlavAr3A 613 + hindI jaina sAhitya : 98-79 hindI aura hindI jaina sAhitya zrI agaracaMda nAhaTA aura daulatasiMha lor3hA 617 99-80 jaina dharma kI hindI ko dena zrI rAhula sAMkRtyAyana 650 100-81 jaina vidvAnoM kI hindI sevA zrI kastUracanda kAsalIvAla ema. e., jayapura 656 101-82 saMta sAhitya ke nirmANa meM jaina hindI kaviyoM kA yogadAna zrI parazurAma caturvedI, valiyA 663 102-83 jainAcAryoM kI chandazAstra ke liye dena DA. gulAbacandra caudharI, ema. e. 676 103-84 purANa aura kAvya zrI pannAlAla sAhityAcArya, sAgara 687 104-85 jaina kathA sAhitya zrI phUla canda jaina 'sAraMga' ema.e., sA. ratna, AgarA 693 105-86 rAjasthAnI jaina sAhitya zrI agaracanda nAhaTA, bIkAnera 703 106-87 jIvana kI aMtima sAdhanA zrI satyadeva vidyAlaMkAra, naI dillI 723 107-5 zrI rAjendrasUri abhinandanam paM. dukhamocana jhA. 728 9 bhUI 2 // 608-88 zrI gAnaMdaghana zrI pAdarAkara 729 21-82 jainadarzanamAM vijJAna zrI kAMtilAla mohanalAla pArekha 72 110-90 24nA pethazAha RnizrI vizAlavijayajI ma. 748 223-12 aprasiddhaprAya pAMca pUrvabhavo , abhayasAgarajI ma. 756 112-12 mAyAya 31bhadre reyuM vidra0yanA bhauti medAnuna 5. 4kSyAvinya bha. 764 113-93 &dha iti : renaSTaye pro. bhabhuhAra mema. me. pAmeya. DI. 769 224-24 jenadArzanika sAhitya ane sambandha parIkSA munizrI jakhkhavijayajI 774
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________________ 814 870 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha Wan English; 884-84 Omniscient Beings by Harisatya Bhattacharayya. 790 196-96 Jnana, Darasan, Caritra by B. C. Law. 805 197-97 Cultural Relation between India & Japan by Kijiro Miyako, New Delhi. 198-98 Doctrine of Jainism Alledgedly Introduced by Aryadeva. 817 Hajime Nakamura, Tokiyo. 119-99 The Anuttaraupapatika Sutra by prof, K. H. Kamdar, 820 M. A. Baroda. 120-100 Antiquity of Jainism. Shri Kelashchandra Jain, M. A., Jaipur. 825 121-101 Authors and Subjects studied in Rajasthan from the 8th 841 ____to 13th Century A. D. by Dr. Dasaratha Sharma, Delhi 122-102 A phagu-poem on the Simhasanbatrisi (1560 A. D.) by Dr. Bhogilal J. Sandesara. M. A., Ph. D. Baroda. 123-103 saMdeza citra-sUcI [ mathurA, lakhanaU aura nAhaTA saMgrahAlaya-bIkAnera ke citroM ke atirikta sarva citra zrIjagana vI. mahatA, ahamadAvAda dvArA karSita haiN| saMpA0 daulatasiMha laur3hA / Wan Amukha pRSThaka pRSThAMka 1 zrImad rAjendrasUri (triraMgA ) - 4 zrImad yatIndrasUri sahaziSya 2 , sahaziSyamaNDala , - evaM munigaNa 3 zrImad yatIndrasUri Wan zrI rAjendra-khaNDa 6 zrImad rAjendrasUri 3 18 zrI mohanakher3A, rAjagar3ha 7-8 zrI pArzva.ji.rA. bhavana, bAgarA (2) 29 19 zrI bAvana jinAlaya, jhabUA 122 9 zrI mU. nA. pratimA, gau. maM. Ahora 62 20 sva. gurudeva va munivara 10-11 zrI gau. pArzva. jinAlaya ,, (2) 63 21 zrI gurudeva kA svargavAsa-sthAna 12-14 zrImad rAjendrasUri ( 3) 67 rAjagar3ha 124 15-16 zrI kesariyAnAtha maM., korTA (2) 77 22 zrI samAdhi-mandira, mohanakher3A 125 17 zrI svarNagiri tIrtha, jAlora 84 23-24 zrI tAlanapura tIrtha, kukSI (2) 128
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________________ 69 citra-sUcI 25 zrI suvidhinAtha jinA. siyANA 129 31-32 zrIdhanacaMdrasUri va samAdhi-maMdira, 26 kriyoddhAraprazasti, jAvarA 138 bAgarA (2) 150 27-28 rAjendravaTa va zobhokaraNa, (2) 139 33-34 zrIbhUpendrasU. , Ahora (2) 151 29 zrI rAjendrasUri sahamunimaNDala 148 35 zrI upA. gulAbavijayajI ma. 152 30 zrI upA. mohanavijayajI ma. 149 36 munizrI lakSmIvijayajI,harSavijayajI ma.153 // zrI rAjendra-puSpAkaWan 37 zrI rAjendrasUri svahastAkSara 191 58 zrI rANakapuratIrtha, sAdar3I-mAravAr3a 606 38-41 zrI tIrthakara ke upamAcitra (4) 411 59 zrI lUNavasati kA sabhAmaNDapa, AbU 607 42 zrI rA. dharmakriyA prA. maMdira, Ahora 490 60-62 zrI tIrthakara pratimAyeM lakhanaU va 43-44 zrI rA. jai. vR. jJAnabhaMDAra,, (2) 491 mathurA (3) 608 45-46 kalpavRkSa va toraNadvAra,lodravA(2)558 63-64 zrI jaina AyAgapaTTa lakhanaU va 47-48 zrI pArzva. jinAlaya va mathurA (2) 609 ___ paTavA havelI, jaisalamera ( 2 ) 559 65-67 vividha AkRti strI-citra, mathurA (3) 49-50 amarasara va narahar3a kI pratimAyeM (2) 561 68-69 kuzANakAlIna pagar3I va strI51 prAcIna mahAvIra maMdira, korTA 592 kezavinyAsa, mathurA (2) 611 52 , jIrNoddhAra-prazasti 593 70-71 zrI hammIrapura kA prAcIna 53 zrI lakSmaNItIrtha, alirAjapura 597 ____ kalAmaMdira ( 2) 613 54-55 zrI sarasvatI pratimA va 72 zrI lUNavasati kA navacatuSka, AbU 614 mAMDAsara maMdira, bIkAnera (2) 604 73 zrI vimalavasati-rekhAcitra, AbU 615 56-57 zrI satIsmAraka va mU0 nAyaka 74-75 zrI vijJaptipatra va sacitra puSThA, RSabhadeva, bIkAnera (2) 605 bIkAnera ( 2) 617
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________________ zuddha zabda-patra pRSTha-paMkti azuddha praNetA pravettA 40-19 45-26 46-12 nirapAvalI pohasya saM. 1929 karmabaMdhana nirayAvalI apohasya saM. 1961 karmabaMdha na saMsAra saMthAra sasya 56-24 63-17 68-7 82-1 91-7 150 niHspRsya jyeSTha sudi 1 SaTpejI vassa chadamasta pAlanapura 1855 nispRhasya jyeSTha sudi - solaha pejI k chadmastha sAkhanapura 1955 pRSTha-paMkti azuddha dIpastabhaH dIpastamaH 252-23 vaimAnika vaijJAnika 252-22 Avila akhila 273-1 sahasroM saikar3oM cAra cAra cAra cAra koTi 378-10 sthApara sthAvara 386-23 satya 452-16/17 dazoda-dasoda dazora-dasoda 452-21 saudhati saudhanI hUNahatI hUganI 488-14 Asaka-dazAMga upAsaka trailokyadISikA trailokyadIpikA ghaSTra copAI ghRSTra caupAI 576-23 kAmaga 589-19 cauddhastUpa bauddhastUpa 604-2 rAgasthAna rAjasthAna 617-6 dikSA dizA 624-18 bhayAr3iya bhamADiya 639-8 roti rIti choro " -22 karmaga 98-25 122-5 121-21 130-12 148-4 150154-14 Rddhivijaya caraNa lekha 2 vizAlakAla ajavAlI hemavijaya mAghazukA vizALakAyuM dhArI chAMDe
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________________ jayantu jinezvarAH OM zrI rAjendra khaNDaWan yugapuruSa zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri zrImad rAjendra ni mAraka-graMtha
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________________ 010 10 10 10 10 10 10 10-10 TO TO TO TO TO TOD yugapuruSa vidvanmAnya sarasvatIputra yogIrAja viralavibhUti yugadraSTA bImahArakA jisarijI QEEDEDEOEDEOEDEOEOREOTOFOTOEDEDEOEDEOREOFEDEOTOSE prazAnta vapuSa budhagaNazaraNa bahumukhI vidvAn jainAgamaprajJAtA zrI abhidhAna rAjendra kozakartA zrI ardha za0 jayantI-nAyakazrI mohanakher3A tIrtha, rAjagar3ha [ mAlavA-madhyabhArata ) vi. saM. 2013 iO0EOREDEEOEDEO DEOEDEOLOEDEO FOETE OF OFOTO OF OF 0
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________________ zrImad rAjendrazri mAraka-graMtha zrI rAjendra racaNDa guruguNASTaka aura smrnnaanyjli| saMskRta prazAnta vapuSa zrImad rAjendrasUri vidyAlaGkaraNaM sudharmazaraNaM mithyAtvinAM dUSaNaM, vidvanmaNDalamaNDanaM sujanatA sadbodhibIjapradam / saccAritranidhi dayAbharavidhi prajJAvatA-mAdimam , jainAnAM navajIvanaM guruvaraM rAjendrasUri numaH // 1 // dhuryo yo dazasaMkhyake'pi yatinAM dharme dRDhaH saMyame, .. satvAtmA janatopakAranirato bhavyAtmanAM bodhakaH / zAstrANAM parizIlane dRDhamatirdhyAnI kSamAvAridhi staM zAntaM karuNAvatAra-manizaM rAjendrasUri numaH // 2 // vANI yasya sudhAsamA'timadhurA dRSTirmahAmaJjulA, saMvrajyA sukhazAntidA khalu sadA'nyAyAdidoSApahA / buddhiloksukhaanuciNtnpraa kalyANakI nRNAM, loke suprathitA'sti taM guruvaraM rAjendrasUriM numaH / / 3 //
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-praya yaH kartA jinabimbakAJjanazalAkA nAmanekA''tmanAM mUrtizcApi jinezvarasya zatazaH prAtiSThipanmandire / jIrNoddhAramanekajainanilayasyAcIkaracchAvakai staM satkAryakaraM mudA guruvaraM rAjendrariM numaH // 4 // loke yo viharan sadA svavacanai mitho dehinAM, dUrIkRtya sahAnubhUtirucirAM maitrI samAvardhayat / mUDhA~zcApi hitopadezavacasA dharmAtmanaH saMvyadhAd , dezopadravanAzakaM tamajitaM rAjendrasUri numaH // 5 // yo gaGgAjalanirmalAn guNagaNAn saMdhArayan varNirAD , yaM yaM dezamalaJcakAra gamanastaM taM vpaayiinmudaa| sacchAstrAmRtavAkyavarSaNavazAd meghavrataM yo'dharan , taM sajjJAnasudhAnidhiM kRtinutaM rAjendrasUri numaH // 6 // tejasvI tapasA pradIptavadanaH saumyo'tivaktAcalaH, zAstrArtheSu parAn vijitya vividhairmAnaistathA yuktibhiH / ziSyAMstAnakarotsvadharmaniratAn yo jJAnasindhuH prabhu staM sUripravaraM prazAnta-vapurSa rAjendrasUriH numaH // 7 // lokAnmaMdamatInsvadharmavimukhaprAyAn bahUn vIkSya yo, jainAcAryanibaddhasarvanigamAnAloDya buddhyA ciram / mAn bodhayituM sukhena vizadAn dharmAnmahAmAgadhI kozaM saMvyatanottamacchamanasA rAjendrasUri numaH // 8 // guruvaraguNarAjibhrAjitaM sArabhUtaM, paripaThati manuSyo yo'STakaM zuddhametad / anubhavati sa sarvAM sampadaM mAnavAnAmiti vadati munIzo vAcako mohanAkhyaH // 9 // -upAdhyAya zrImohanavijayajI mahArAja /
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________________ gulguNAeka aura smrnnaali| mahAn jainAgamapravettA zrImad rAjendrasUri (2) jinendraproktairyo lalitavacanaiH khedarahito, vineyebhyaH zikSA vitarati nayAsAmanudinam / yathA loke sArI kupathaturaGgebhya ucitAM, sa rAjendrA''cAryo bhavatu niyataM me sunayadaH // 1 // yadIyAhvAM smannupamapadadhartA kSititale, kuTumbAnAM bhartA vividhasukhakartA priyatamaH / ajeyaH saMgrAme vigatabhayazokazca bhavati, sa rAjendrA''cAryoM pratidinamuraHstho bhavatu me // 2 // vimalamatikaH sajjJAnAbdhivivekIgaNAgraNI zcaraNasadane krIDannAste samAdhidhiyA sadA / viSayabhavAnnaSTapremA phaNIva kukaJcukAt, sa hi vijayarAjendrA''cAryaH kuvAdinirAsakaH // 3 // analasatayA dharmadhyAnapukArakarodayI, viharaNaparaH sajjIvAnAM zivA'dhvani yojakaH / hitasukhakaro yaH saMghAnAM bhavodadhivArakaH, vitaratu sa rAjendrA''cAryaH zivarddhisukhAni me // 4 // nikhilasamayavettaiko'sti rAjendrasUri viSayaripunihantai kosti rAjendrasUriH / sa khalu caraNadharteko'sti rAjendrasUri hRdayabhavanadIpo me'stu rAjendrasUriH
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha varaNakaraNanAmnaH khAbdhicandrarmitasya, mitasukhakaracAritrasya yo'bhUd vibharcA / sa bhavatu sukhavRddhayai dezanA yena dattA, gahanabhavasamudrocArikA premavANyA sarvArthAnAM pUraNe devazAkhI, jainIkAre cApyamUdadvitIyaH / caityajJAnAgArasaddharmazAlA, yadvyAkhyAnairbhavyalokA babaMdhuH // 7 // so'yaM zrIrAjendrasUriH pravINaH, sarvotkRSTaH paJcamArasya madhye / sAkSAjjainendrAgamasya praNetA, satyajJAnaprAptaye me sadA'stu // 8 // dIpavijayamuninedaM, ruciraM vyaraci gurvaSTakaM bhanyA / zivasAMsArikasukhatati-samIhakaiH puMbhiradhyeyam / // 9 // vidyAvizArada-zrIbhUpendrasari /
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________________ guruguNASTaka aura smaraNAJjali | bahumukhI vidvAn zrImad rAjendrasUri ( 3 ) [ bhujaGgaprayAta-vRttam ] guroH pAdapadmadvaye sampralInaM, milindAyamAnaM madIyaM manaH syAt / vizuddhAtmanaH zrIlarAjendrasUre vicitraM pavitraM caritraM tanomi prazAntasvarUpaM sadA dhyAnamanaM, jagajjIvajIvAtubhUtAssgamADhyam / tapaHkarmaniSThaM manojJapratiSThaM, guruM pUjyarAjendrasUriM namAmi cirolApura sthAzcirAjjAtibAhyAn, svakIyaprabhAvAjjanAnuddadhAra / jineza pratiSThAM purAsshorasaMjJe, mahAsaMghasambhArato'cIkarad yaH tathA tristutiM hAribhadvIyayuktyA, samakSaM budhAnAM sphuTaM vyAkarod yaH / jinAjJAvihInaM mataM lumpakAnAM nirAstha jjinAdarza saMsthApanena bhavasthAJjanAn duHSamAraprasUtA namandA'jJatAdhvAntanaSTAnnirIkSya | nidhAnaM samastAgamAnAmakArSIt, taduddhArahetuzca rAjendrakozam // 1 // // 2 // // 3 // // 4 // // 5 //
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka -graMtha bhavAdhi vyathaurvAgminA saMparItaM, vinA saMyamaM na kSamA nistarItum / sakarNA janA dezanAM me zrRNudhvaM, drutaM yUyamitthaM dideza prazastam sadA zrAvakANAM yathA''locanAbhimunInAM tathA sAraNAvAraNAbhiH / drutaM dUramApAdayan doSamArgAn, svamAcArya yogyaM vyanakisma loke samastAgamAnAM gRhItvA tu sAraM, janAnAM mudaM dezanAbhirdizan yaH / nijotkRSTa cAritrasampAlanArtha marau mAlave gurjare ca vyahArSIt munizrIyatIndreNa samyakcaritraM, bhujaGgaprayAtena vRttena baddham / paThetko'pi bhaktyA pavitrAntarAtmA, sukhaM tasya sarvaM bhaved bhAvazuddhaH // 6 // || 6 || // 8 // // 9 // vyAkhyAnavAcaspati - zrI yatIndrasUri
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________________ guruguNASTaka aura smaraNAJjali / suguru zrImad rAjendrasUri (4) [ vasantatilakA-vRttam ) // 1 // // 2 // kSAntyAdidharmakaraNe kaTibaddha eva, prAjJairjanaizca vividhairnutimApa yo'lam / paJcendriyeSu viSayeSu ca vItarAgaH, sUryodaye tamanizaM suguruM hi vande sarveSu jantuSu hi yaH karuNAparo'bhUt , SaTzAstrabodhanavidhau vigatapramAdaH / ziSyA~zca mUriguNabhAriNa eva cakre, sUryodaye tamanizaM suguruM hi vande AgUH kRtA na calitA hi kadApi yasya, nirdoSavAkyamacalaM sadasi prajAtam / bhUpAdayazca kavayo hRdi dadhire tat , sUryodaye tamanizaM suguruM hi vande sabhyairjanairiha jagatyapi sevyamAne, dRSTA na yatra kathamapyabhimAnavRttiH / siddhistvabhUd vacasi yasya guNAlayasya, sUryodaye tamanizaM suguruM hi vande SaTzatruvargamatulaM svavazaM cakAra, dvAviMzatIn pariSahAnajayacca sadyaH / vijJAnavahiparibhraSTabhavAbdhibIjaM, sUryodaye tamanizaM suguruM hi vande // 3 // // 4 // // 5 //
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________________ 1.0 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha yasyopakArasahitaiva matiH sadA''sIt, kenApi sArdhamakaronnatu bhedabhAvam / sarvatra yazca nitarAM jayameva lebhe, sUryodaye tamanizaM suguruM hi bande jJAnakriyAsahitameva hi yasya zIlaM, cAritrapAlanavidhau na ca ko'pi tulyaH / sarvAsu dikSu dhavalA prasRtA ca kIrtiH, sUryodaye tamanizaM suguruM hi bande ho ! munIzvaragaNairapi duHprasAdhaM, zIlavataM punarakhaNDitamAbabhAra / yaH sarvadA'dizadanekaguNADhya zikSAM, sUryodaye tamanizaM suguruM hi vande // 6 // rAjendrasUrigururAjaguNauvaramyaM, yaH saMpaThiSyati jano'STakametadaccham / sa prApsyati pracurakIrtiyutAM sulakSmI // 7 // / / 8 / mitthaM gulAba vijayasya munervaco'sti // 9 // - upAdhyAya zrImad gulAbavijaya /
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________________ guruguNASTaka aura smaraNAali / budhagaNazaraNa zrImad rAjendrasUri (5) // 1 // lasattejorAji vilasitasuvidyAlisarasI marAlaM vAgmIzaM sadasi mahatAM sanmatimatAm / vipakSAlIkakSajvalitataravaizvAnaravaraM, kRtIndra rAjendra prathitaguNavRndaM pariNumaH vipazcidvandAmbhoruhanivahasammodanakRtau, divAnAthaM nAthaM nikhilajinapakSAzritasatAm / yatIndraM sUrIndraM kRtamahitakIrti kRtijanaiH, suvandhaM rAjendraM prathitaguNavRndaM pariNumaH yazazcandro yasyAnizamatizayaM modanicayaM, dadAno vidyAvidvajakumudavRndAya bhuvane / parAnjAliglAni vidadhadiha saMrAjatitarAM, kRtIndraM rAjendraM prathitaguNavRndaM pariNumaH // 2 // // 3 // // 4 // yadIyA sacchiSyA viditabahuvidyAH pratipalaM, guruM smAraM smAraM lalitakRtimAraM vidadhati / tamAnandAkAraM sujinamatapAraGgamataraM, kRtIndraM rAjendraM prathitaguNavRndaM pariNumaH payorAzizvetojvalitasadane yasya subhagA, virAjantI mUrti-jananikaravandyA vilasati / digante vikhyAtaM vitatakRtijAtaM tamatulaM, kRtIndraM rAjendra prathitaguNavRndaM pariNumaH // 5 //
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________________ 12 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri- smAraka graMtha asAraM saMsAraM ya imamavagacchan yativaro, vihAyemaM kAryaM kRtamahitadeho divamagAt // manISitrAtAnAM tamiha parigeyaM sahRdayaM, kRtIndraM rAjendraM prathita- guNavRndaM pariNumaH jayanti zrIsadvAcaka vijaya yugmohanasudhIH, kRpAlezAdyasya prathitamahaso dIpavijayaH / ime lakSmIhaMsau vijayasahitau zAntivijayaH, tamIzaM rAjendraM prathitaguNavRndaM pariNumaH vadAnyaM sammAnyaM budhagaNazaraNyaM budhavaraM, kRpApArAvAraM vinayanicayavyAptahRdayam / virAjatsyAdvAdAmbujanikara mArtaNDama sakRt, kRtIndraM rAjendraM prathitaguNavRndaM pariNumaH sagadharA-vRttam // 6 // || 9 || // 8 // zrImadrAjendrasUrIzvarabudhanivahastutya pAdAravinda dvandvasyAdo mahIyaH stavanamavirataM yaH paThed bhaktiyuktaH / tasya syAtsarvamiSTaM phalamiha niyataM nirmamau modavRtto, dhIraH zrIghUTarAkhyo dvijakulajanano maithilo jhopanAmA // 9 // - paM0 ghUTarajhA - maithila, mar3hiyA /
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________________ guruguNATaka aura smaraNAali / yogIrAja zrImad rAjendrasUri // 2 // // 3 // rAjendrasUrirakhilAgama-tattvavettA, bhecA nayasya hi parairurarIkRtasya / chettA ca saMzayagaNasya kRpArdracetAH, rAgAdidoSarahito jayati kSamAvAn na lubdho na mAnI na vijJAnahIno, sadAcArayuktaH sdodaarcetaaH| munIndraH sudhIvargavandyo dayAluH, karotu prapUrNa manovAnchitaM naH yena kRtaM sAvadya-pratyAkhyAnaM dRDhaM ca yacchIlam / ____ jayatu rAjendrasUri-niM yasyAsti pratyakSam santyevAsmin jagati bahavaH sAdhavo yoginazca, prItisteSAmupari mama ye vAsanAvarjitAH syuH / te syuH zaivA utaca jinagAH sAMkhyagA yAvanA vA, hArda tebhyaH paramamiha me yogirAjendrasUrau sadA kIrtiryasya vimalazazimA doSarahitA, ___janAnAM saMmeAdaM janayati gatA zrotrapadavIm / nA cA'stidRk kazcid guNijanasamUhe hatavidhiH, punaH pIyUSaM yo na pibati yadIyaM suvipulaM yathAcchandolUkAH kRtakapaTavezA bhayavazA nilIyante nIr3AyitakucarageheSu jhaTiti / praphullanti zrAddhapravarajalajAni drutataraM, prakAzo lokeSUdyati vijayarAjendrataraNau // 4 // // 5 //
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha iha jagati bahUnAM tApabhAjAM janAnAM, janaka iva zizUnAM yo'karod duHkhanAzam / tamakhilaguNarAziM lokapUjyaM munIndram , praNamata khalu bhavyAH ! zrIlarAjendrasUrim // 7 // jayatu jayatu loke zrIla-rAjendrasUri haratu haratu tApaM dehinAM klezabhAjAm / bhavatu bhavatu lokAnandasaMprAptihetu rjapatu japatu tasyA''khyAM sadA bhavyalokaH // 8 // guruguNavarNanarUpaM, nityaM yaH paThati mAnavaH prayataH / / aSTakametadanayaM, sa bhavati loke sukhI nityam // 9 // -0 kRpAzaMkaramizra, kaashii| satyavratI zrImad rAjendrasUri (7) rAjanyAdiniSevitAGgiyugalaH satyavrataprAvRto, sauravyaM vaH samabhIpsitaM suvipulaM mAnuSyake'sminbhave / tadvAcA vapuSA ca zuddhamanasA rAjendrasUreNuro yuSmAbhiH parisevyatAM hi satataM pAdAravindadvayam // 1 // -paM0 jayadevazAstrI, banArasa / - -
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________________ guruguNASTaka aura smaraNAJjali / zrI abhidhAna rAjendrakozakartA zrImad rAjendrasUri (8) guru-guNa-kavvAlI guro ! rAjendra ! ! rAjarSe !!!, bhajAmaste sadA caraNau / narairArAdhyapadagAmin !, bhajAmaste sadA caraNau // 1 // sameSAM bhaktiyuktAnA-maharnizi saukhyakartA tvam / sadA sarvatra sukhakArin , bhajAmaste sadA caraNau // 2 // vidhAyAnanyagranthAn , prasiddhastvaM jagatyAM vai / aho ! sacchemuSIdhArin , bhajAmaste sadA caraNau // 3 // samairArAdhyamAnaH, satpadaiH saMstUyamAnastvam / tritayasaMtApasaMhArin !, bhajAmaste sadA caraNau // 4 // bhavadvANI narAH zrutvA, bhavodadhitIrNatA yAtAH / paramapIyUSapadavAdin !, bhajAmaste sadA caraNau // 5 // sumanasA zAradAM smRtvA, mahAkozAdikaM kRtvA / aho puNyaprabhAzAlin !, bhajAmaste sadA caraNau // 6 // bhavacchiSyeSu sacchiSyo, vijayasUriryatIndro'tra / vibhAtInduprabhaH svAmin !, bhajAmaste sadA caraNau // 7 // -zrIvijayayatIndrasUri /
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha smaraNAJjali hindI kriyAvaMtavibhUti zrImad rAjendrasUri [munizrI vidyAvijayajI 'pathika' rAjagar3ha ] zArdUlavRta hai AdhyAtmika jJAna-kIrtivimalA vairAgya meM saMbhavA, hote yoga-vidhAna-niSTha tapa se jJAnI virAgI mahA / ve yogI kahate sadA jagata kA utthAna hai tyAga meM, merI Aja unhIM vibhUti-pada meM sadbhakti zraddhAJjalI / / kAyAkalpa kiyA, jinendra japase, jJAnI va dhyAnI bane, dekhI zrI yati-dharma kI zithilatA thI dI use bhI miTA / sAdhvAcAra-vidhAna pAlana kiyA utkRSTatA se svayaM, merI Aja unhIM vibhUti-padameM sadbhakti zraddhAJjalI / / jainAcAryabRhattapAdhipati zrIrAjendrasUrIza the, vidvattA ati Apa kI vilasatI, the tatvadarzI bar3e / 'zrIrAjendra sukoSa' zabda-racanA jainAgamoM se karI, merI Aja unhIM vibhUti- padameM sadbhakti zraddhAJjalI // auroMko anamola vIra prabhu kA saMdeza pyArA sunA, dharmopAsaka jaina zrAvaka kiye jaise cirolA banA / kI sevA jinazAsanAnupamakI syAdvAda-siddhAnta meM, merI Aja unhIM vibhUti-pada meM sadbhakti zraddhAJjalI // zraddhA dhairya viziSTa bhAva unake protphulla the bhASate, AtmoddhAraka tatvadRSTi rakhake kI Iza kI sAdhanA / yoM protsAhita bolatI camakatI sAhitya kI paMktiyA~, merI Aja unhIM vibhUti-pada meM sadbhakti zraddhAJjalI //
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________________ guruguNASTaka aura smaraNAali / (2) gurudeva kI dinacaryA kI eka jhA~kI / [munizrI sAgarAnandavijayajI ] he divaMgatAtmA gurudeva ! jaba Apake jIvana kI eka dina kI caryA ko bhI hama smRta karate haiM to acchI se acchI samaya denevAlI bahUmUlya ghar3I bhI kabhI gatividhi meM hIna raha jAya; parantu ApakI dinacaryA kI saralatA to nirbAdha ora-chora sadA pahu~catI dekhI gii| zayana se utthAna, pratikramaNa, vaMdana, bahiragamana, svAdhyAya, vyAkhyAna, AhAra, vizrAma, lekhana, AloyaNa Adi sarva dainika kriyAoM meM hamane kar3I phaMdatI dekhI, jIvanapalatA dekhA, dharma jagatA dekhA, lokajIvana kI samasyAoM para vicAra bar3hatA dekhA, sudhAra hotA dekhA aura dekhA bhAvI saMtati ke hita hitopadeza kI racanA aura vartamAna se saMgharSamayI saMkalpavrata / he tyAgamUrti, viraktAtmA, sacce sAdhu kI pratimA, sarasvatI ke ekaniSTha pUjArI, AgamoM ke jJAtA, jyotiSa ke mahAvidvAn ! Aja tumhAre smaraNameM yaha smRti-paMktiyAM arpita karatA huA apane ko dhanya mAnatA huuN|
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha (3) yugadraSTA varArya gurudeva / [zAntamUrti munirAjazrI haMsavijaya jI-caraNareNu munizrI kAntivijayajI / ] itihAsa sAkSI pUratA yaha, kathana mithyA hai nahIM / maiM hI nahIM hU~ kaha rahA yaha-kaha rahI hai saba mahI / jaba hAsa jagameM dharma kA hotA huA dekhA gayA / maddharma ke rakSArtha koI janmatA pekhA gayA / yati-varga kA AcAra jaba zAsana virudha bar3hane lgaa| tapa-tyAga ke saMsthAna meM duzvAra jaba bharane lgaa| yativarya zrIrAjendrane lalakAra dI yativaMza ko / yativeza taja svIkRta kiyA vara sAdhu-patha avataMza ko / zAstrokta sAdhvAcAra kA thA Apane pAlana kiyA / japa-tapa, niyama-yama, yoga-saMyama zuddhatama dhAraNa kiyA / basa sAdhutA meM Apake sama sAdhu kucha hI sAdhu the| svarajJAna, jyotiSa, yoga meM to Apa aMtima sAdhu the / caritArtha caritra kara rahe AzcaryakArI saMsmaraNa / vara tristutika mata jaga uThA janane kiyA jaba anukaraNa / pAkhaNDa mithyAcAra kI jar3a hila gaI tatkAla hii| nava cetanA, nava bhAvanA jAgRta huI tatkAla hii|
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________________ . guruguNASTaka aura smaraNAJjali / ina saba se upara Apa meM jo eka anupama zakti thii| vAgezvarI meM Apa kI jo zuddhatama anurakti thii| likha grantha ikasaTha vijJatAmaya siddha usako kara diyA / rAjendrane raca koza usako vizvavizruta kara diyA // usa sAdhu, yogI, jyotiSI, svarajJAnadhArI Arya ko, vara vijJa, kovida, buddhizAlI, tapodhana AcArya ko, zuci satya-dhana, jinadUta, zubha saMgharSamUrta varArya ko, zata vAra vaMdana Aja usako aura usake kArya ko / /
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha (4) smrnn-jyntii| [ zrI daulatasiMha lor3hA 'araviMda ' bI. e.] sarasvatIputra prakhyAta he ! 'rAjendrakoza' ke kartA ! tapa-saMyamI ! muni yazasvI he ! vizuddha caritra ke dhartA // argha zatAbda vyatIta huye haiM svargastha huye tumheM vijJa ! tava smaraNArtha kara rahe guru ! yaha samAyojita vidyAyajJa // smaraNa--jayantI he paralokI ! kovida sujJa manAte haiM / deza-videza ke vizrata vijJa zraddhApuSpa car3hAte haiM / vaha srota bahe isa utsava sejagatI meM rasa bharajAve / zatru mitra hoM, vizva rASTra ho, jinavANI jaga apanAve // M
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________________ guruguNASTaka aura smaraNAJjali / (5) vizvavaMdya zrImad rAjendrasUri / [ vakIla mizrIlAla jaina, kukSI ] jinamahAmahima kI jJAna-AbhA hai vibhAsita kiye vizva sArA / zuSka jinakI sughi se hI hotI manuja-mana-nirjhara pApa-dhArA // bhUtamAtra hita jinakA dhyeya thA, janma paryanta hI jJAna trayakI tyAga, tapa meM sadaiva nirata rahe / kI jinhoMne samoda upAsanA / nijapatha pracAra nimitta jinhoMne sparza jinako na kara pAI kabhI vizvake kaThinatara saMkaTa sahe // vizva kI madhura mohaka vAsanA // jina mumukSu janase sarva bhakSaka rakSaka rahe sadaiva saMskRti ke krUra kRtAnta taka rahA parAjita / mudita sarvasva apanA dAna kara / ve na rahe, para kara rahI jinakI patita pApI uThAye jinhoMne kIrti-candranizi aba bhI dharA sita // Izvara aMza sabhI meM jAna kara // mAtra puruSArtha se hI jinhoMne vizva akhila yaha bhakti zraddhAmayI kara akathanIya nija jJAna arjana kara rahA stuti jinakI bhUri-bhUri / loka-kalyANa nimitta kara gaye vizva vaMdita una vibhUtiyoM meM jo atula graMtha-ratna kA viracana // eka the zrImada rAjendrasUri // cala rahA zubha inase parizodhita tristutika jaina dharma lalAma hai| ina yuga-preraka amara maharSi ko smaraNa kara koTi-koTi praNAma hai / /
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________________ 22 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha ( 6 ) tumheM vandana ho zata-zata bAra [ zrI sohanalAla laharI - khAcaroda ] " " RSabha ' - rAzI ke anupama ratna ' prema ' ke jyotirmaya udgAra / mudita mana - mANika ' kI muskAna, zrI kI zobhA ke zrRGgAra...... huA jaga pAkara tumheM nihAla | saphala mA~ kI pAvanatama goda camakatI jaise USA - kAla // vijaya kA kala-kala maGgala-gAna, gArahI gaGgA, yamunA Aja / " dhanya re dhanya manuja avatAra || tumheM..... kezarI ' ke nandana sukumAra || tumheM.... rAjendra ! tumhAre sAta - koza " khila uThI dharA kI dhUla, mAtra bhU ko tuma para hai nAz2a || " bharatapura ' ke gaurava - bharatAra || tunheM..... khula par3e le raMgina itihAsa | jagat jagmag jagmag jaga uThAtapovana meM AyA madhumAsa // kUka uThatI sat - sAgara pAra || tumheM....
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________________ 23 guruguNASTaka aura smaraNAJjali / sUri tuma tapasviyoM ke bIca, 'hema' ke teja-puJja-Ananda / jagat ke andhakAra ko cIra, bichAyA sat-patha para makaranda // ki udgata koTi-koTi uddAra // tumheM.... jIta le nikhila jainAkAza, tumhArI yaza-gAthA akSuNya / madhura-tama antima ke upadeza, jagAe~ supta-hRdaya ke puNya // koTi kaLa-kaNThoM kI guJjAra // tumheM ...
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha (7) puSpAJjali zrImad yatIndrasariziSya muni zAntivijaya parama yogI, parama jJAnI! prabhu-zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja ! Apa ke tyAga se duniyA ke jana--mana-gaNa prabhAvita hue aura sapatha ke pathika vane ! Apane AdhyAtmika jIvana meM athAga pragati kI ! Apa ke sAhitya se vizva ko naI sphUrti prApta huI ! tapa aura manonigraha se Apane ajeya ko bhI jIta liyA ! Apane apane sAhasa se pAkhaMDiyoM ke pravAha ko roka diyA aura Apa ke dhyAna se hiMsaka jIva bhI zAMta hue the| eka nahIM aneka aisI ghaTanAoM se ApakI jIvanI bharI huI hai| gurudeva ! ardhazatAbdI ke zubha avasara para yaha puSpAJjali samarpita karatA huA yahI cAhatA hU~ ki mujhe bhI aisI zakti prApta ho ki maiM bhI Apake saMdeza ko vizva meM pahuMcAne meM yogadAna de skuuN|
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________________ guruguNASTaka aura smrnnaanyjli| (8) saMvedana-saMgIta [ nathamala " padma"-khAcarauda] . mahAvIra ke vIra batA tU, kahAM calA aba kahAM calA !! satya, ahiMsA, kSamA, zIla ke tU sapaMtha batAde, jisa se mAnava mAnava banakara dAnavatA daphanAde, durAcAra kA dRzya dekhakara rotI bhArata mA acalA !! mahAvIra ke vIra0 o dIrgha dRSTivAle bAbA ! jJAna sujyota jagAde, samadarzana kA srota bahAkara cArita-bhAva sajAde, prema-vAri se sIMco aba to, jAya bagIcA nA kumhalA !! mahAvIra ke0 kisI dazA meM hove cAhe, svalakSya kA dhyAna rahe, yama-niyama se girA jo mAnava, zivagati se hIna rahe, siddhAMtoM para kaise calanA, vidhi vaha jaga ko de batalA !! mahAvIra ke0 tere beTe lAr3a-lADale anna-vAri ko tarase, una para pUMjI vAle haradama Aphata banakara barase, jo syAdvAda kA bola bolate, unako rastA de batalA !! mahAvIra ke0 terA hai saMdeza vizva ko, 'vIra' vacana apanAnA, amita ahiMsA ke pUjaka bana do jIvana tuma apanA, patha maTake ko paMtha batAkara, baMdhu baMdhu ko gale milA !! mahAvIra ke0 ___arddha zatAbdI utsava 'guru' kA jaga bhara ne hitakara mAnA, " abhidhAna rAjendra " 'padma' 'koSa' para, lubdha madhupa budha nAnA, jisase nikale jaya 'yatIndra', jo harade jaga kI alA-balA!! mahAvIra ke0
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha gurjara (9) virala vibhUti sUri rAjendrane vaMdanA zrI yatIndrasUrivineya muni jayaMtavijaya ( 1 ). avanI upara aMdhArUM vyAkhyuM hatuM, mAraga bhUlya mAnavagaNa bhaTakAya je patha pradarzaka keI nahi maLatuM hatuM, tyAre sahu jana ADA avaLA jAya che. viralavibhUti (2). bhAskara Ucce bharatapuranA AMgaNe, jaina jagatamAM prasaryuM tenuM teja jo; pAkhaMDI anyAyI sahu bhAgI gayA, jaya jaya rava thaye dhanya sUrirAjendra je. viralavibhUti vIra prabhune mAraga vegaLe mUkIne, pUjya amArA paravaryA avaLe mArga je; eka ja Dima Dima nAde e pAchA vaLyA, jemane Ape zikha satyasiddhAnta je. virala vibhUti (4) bhAgya vinA nahi kaI kaMI karatuM are! vIra prabhune Adarza eha Adeza je; te pachI deve pAsaka cho zIdane banyA, ema karyAthI vIra-vacana bhaMgAya je. viralavibhUti
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________________ gurupAyaka aura smaraNAJjali / tyAga tapasyA utkRSTi hatI ApanI, tehanA baLathI rAja rA aMjAya je; camatkArI saMsmaraNe paNa che ghaNu, kukSI siyANanA dekhe satya chAMta je. viralavibhUti jIvanI AkhI sAhasathI bharapUra che, svarNAkSaramAM javalaMta khUba pramANa je; saMyamI jJAnI saMdhyAnI jagamAM thayA, addabhuta corI yazasvI gururAja je. viralavibhUti (7) ujvala tanuM varNana paNa huM zuM karuM, varNana karatA deza videzI vidvAna je; satya siddhAntane pracAra karavAnI mane zakti ne sAmarthya deze Apa je. viralavibhUti e yugadaSTa! sAhityaruNA Apane ! bhAva sahita sahu vadIye zIza namAya je, ardhazatAbdI samaye A smaraNAMjalI, smaraNa karIne pAmIe AnaMda pUra je. virala vibhUti
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha English ( 10 ) Rajendrasuri The Reviver Shri Kundanmal Dangi [ The following prayer-song in praise of Jainacharya Shrimad Vijay Rajendrasooriji reviver of Tri-stutik sect which had almost become extinct, though english in language is to be sung according to the style of the famous Hindustani song " Tohid Ka Danka Alam men Bajwa diya Kamliwlae ne."] By good luck we have got Guru Rajendrasoori whose name is bright, We were fallen in darkness deep, He advised us and brought in light. 2 He was a Sanskrit scholar bright, In Magdhi Prakrit had insight; He was glorious and famous one, And always did what was alright. 3 He wrote the book * Rajendra kosh' Which none else was bold to write, He re-established 'Teen-Thui' Which was the work of Extra-might. Kundan's life will be fruitfull. That day will be of great delight When he will offer humb - prayers At his shrine at the end of night.
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________________ zrI gurudeva ke upadeza se vinirmita nayanAbhirAma zrI pArzvanAtha jinAlaya : bAgarA zrI rAjendra-bhavana nAmaka dharmazAlA, bAgarA (mAravAr3a-rAjasthAna ). yahAM vi. saM. 2010 phA. kR. 11 ko vartamAnAcArya kI tattvAvadhAnatA meM zrI ardhazatAbdI mahotsava kA manAnA nizcita huA thA.
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________________ vyaktitva aura sAhityika jIvana zrImad rAjendrasUri-smAraka-grantha
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________________ // zrI pArzvanAthAya namaH // zrI abhidhAna rAjendra koza aura usake karttA zrI rAjamala lor3hA, sampAdaka 'dainika dhvaja ' mandasaura abhidhAna rAjendra koSa ke nirmAtA parama pUjya AcArya zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrijI apane samaya ke eka udbhaTa, dhuraMdhara adbhuta vidvAna the| jinhoMne dhArmika aura AdhyAtmika jagata meM, sAhityika saMsAra meM abhidhAna rAjendra koSa kI racanA karake jagata ke prANiyoM ko sulabha mArgadarzana diyA / rAjendrasUrijI kA jIvana tIna vibhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai / (1) gRhasthajIvana (2) yatijIvana (3) zuddha munijIvana / ApakA janma eka aise samaya meM huA thA ki jisa samaya jaina samAja meM sAmAjika va dhArmika jIvana meM krAMti kI AvazyakatA anubhava kI jA rahI thI / krAMti ko saba cAhate the kiMtu Age kadama rakhanevAlA koI vyakti gocara nahIM ho rahA thA, mAnava-jIvana ke krAMtikArI vicAroM para bhaya kA AtaMka jamA huA thA, kisI kI himmata nahIM par3atI thI ki jaina samAja ko punarutthAna kA mArgadarzana dekara prANiyoM ko AtmakalyANa kI ora agrasara kareM / aise vikaTa samaya meM jaina jagata meM (1) zrI rAjendrasUrijI ( 2 ) zrI AtmArAmajI (vijayAnaMdasUri) (3) zrImohanalAlajI va (4) zrI sukhasAgarajI ina cAra mahAtmAoMne eka hI samaya meM sAtha 2 krAMti kI aura bhUle-bhaTake logoM ko punarutthAna kA mArga pradarzana kiyA / usIkA pariNAma hai ki Aja jaina samAja apane dhArmika jagata meM apanA pUrA 2 yoga de rahI hai / phira bhI Aja isa rAjanaitika samaya meM saMgaThita dhArmika krAMti kI AvazyakatA avazya anubhava rahI hai| rAjendrasUrijIne 20 varSa paryaMta AbAla brahmacArI raha kara gRhastha jIvana kA anubhava kiyA aura isa saMsAra ko duHkha kA ghara samajha kara apane jIvana ko kisI eka Adarza aura ucca jIvana meM r3hAlane kA sAhasa kiyA / isI avasthA meM yatijIvana kI dIkSA lekara Apane apanA kadama eka naI dizA kI ora mor3A / yatijIvana meM bhI Apako kaI naye 2 anubhava hone lage, isa anubhava meM vidyAdhyayana kI saba se bar3I jarUrata thI aura usIkI ora Apane apanA dhyAna kendrita kiyA / buddhi kI tIvratA, ekAgra dhyAna, acche saMyogoM ke kAraNa Apa thor3e samaya meM hI eka prakANDa vidvAna ho gaye / zAstroM kA adhyayana, manana, manthana ( 1 )
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha aura parizIlana karane ke bAda anubhava huA ki maiM Aja bhI eka aMdhere kue meM gotA lagA rahA hUM / jisa mArga para cala rahA hU~ usase kisI bhI dina apanA AtmakalyANa nahIM kara sakU~gA / yaha to mere jIvana ko DUbAne pAlaH, adhaHpatana meM le jAnevAlA rAstA hai| isameM bhI eka bar3I krAMti kI AvazyakatA anubhava hone lagI / isa jIvana kA anubhava 22 varSa paryaMta kiyA; kiMtu unheM kAMTe--patthara hI naz2ara aaye| - 42 varSa kI avasthA meM punaH Apake jIvana meM eka krAMti kA nayA daura aayaa| usI daurane apane svayaM aura saMsAra ke jIvoM ko AtmakalyANa kA mArgadarzana diyaa| vikrama saMvat 1925 ke varSa meM jAvarA ( mAlavA ) meM Apane apane tamAma parigraha kA tyAga kara eka zuddha muni-jIvana meM apanA paira rakkhA / isI tIsare zuddha munijIvana meM Apane dhArmika, sAmAjika jo sevAyeM kI haiM unakA jaina samAja cira RNI hai| saba se pahile apanI Atmazuddhi ke liye parvatoM parvatoM meM, jaMgaloM jaMgaloM meM, kAMToM aura pattharoM meM apane jIvana ko tyAga aura tapazcaryA kI kasauTI para kasA, sAtha hI sAtha janatA ko bhI punarutthAna kA mArgadarzana diyaa| kaI logoMne isakA virodha kiyA, aTTahAsa kiyaa| yahAMtaka ki inakA AhAra-pAnI bhI baMda kiyA; kiMtu inhoMne dhArmika aura sAmAjika krAMti ko baMda nahIM kiyA / jIvana meM Age bar3hate hI cale aura eka dina aisA AyA ki saba inake maMtavya ko samajha kara natamastaka ho gye| inhoMne apanA kAryakSetra saba se pahile mAlavA, nimAr3a, choTI mAravAr3a va gUjarAta ko banAyA / inakI dhArmika krAMti kI lahara vAyu kI taraha saba jagaha phaila gii| ____ aneka sthAnoM para jIrNoddhAra kA kArya karAyA, jina maMdiro meM AzAtanAyeM ho rahI thIM unakI vyavasthA ko ThIka karAyA, jina maMdiroM para dUsare logoMne apanA Adhipatya jamA rakkhA thA unako haTAkara janatA ko devadarzana va Adhipatya kA apanA adhikAra dilaayaa| saiMkar3oM nUtana maMdira banavAye, hajAroM navIna mUrtiyoM kI prANa-pratiSThAyeM karAI, hajAroM mUrtiya navIna va prAcIna maMdiroM meM sthApita karAI, tyAga aura tapazcaryA kI ora janatA kA dhyAna kendrita kiyA / ApakI isa dhArmika krAMtine jaina samAja ke jIvana meM eka naI sphUrti paidA kara dI / svayaM ko bhI pratidina tyAga aura tapazcaryA ke Adarza mArga para agrasara karate rahe jisase janatA ke hRdaya para ApakI eka amiTa chApa paDatI rhii| jinhoMne zrIrAjendrasUrijIko svayaM dekhA hai aura Aja bhI jIvita haiM ve khuda unakI tyAga-tapazcaryA kI bhUri 2 prazaMsA karate haiM / sahasA unake mukha se yahI nikalatA hai ki zrI rAjendrasUrijI tyAga aura tapazcaryA kI
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________________ zrI abhidhAna rAjendra koza aura usake krtaa| eka pratimUrti the, unakA jIvana atyaMta sAdagI se paripUrNa thA, unhoMne prAcIna RSi muniyoM ke tyAga kA anupama udAharaNa saMsAra ko usI rUpa meM dikhAyA / muni-jIvana meM ADambara to kiMcit mAtra bhI unako chU nahIM sakA / pratisamaya ve to yahI kahate hue sunAI par3ate the ki yaha jo kucha ho rahA hai, mahAvIra-zAsana kA kArya ho rahA hai, maiM bhagavAna mahAvIra kA eka tuccha sIpAhI hU~ aura unakI yaha caparAsa apane gale meM DAla kara unake batalAye hue mArga kA pracAra karatA huuN| unakI dhArmika va sAmAjika krAMti kA avalokana jagata ke jIvoM ko karAtA hUM, janatA ko usa mArga para calane ke liye Agraha karatA hUM, pratisamaya apanA va saMsAra ke prANiyoM kA AtmakalyANa karane kA mArga prazasta karatA huuN| yaha thA zrIrAjendrasUri kA dhArmika jIvana / dhArmika jIvana ke sAtha 2 unakA sAhityika jIvana bhI eka anupama aura Adarza thaa| unhoMne apane jIvanakAla meM vikrama saMvat 1905 se hI grantha-nirmANa ke kArya meM apanA kadama Age bar3hAyA jisa samaya kI unakI avasthA kevala 22 varSa kI hI thI / unhoMne jaina sAhityika jagata meM saba se pahile 'karaNakAmadhenusAriNI' graMtha se apanI racanA prAraMbha kI aura saMvat 1960 meM zrIabhidhAna rAjendra koSa se apanI racanA samApta kii| 55 varSa taka inhoMne sAhitya kI avirala gati se sevA kI / isa 55 varSa ke jIvana meM zrIrAjendra. sUrijIne lagabhaga 61 graMtho kI vividha viSayoM meM racanA kI jisa meM bhI abhidhAna rAjendra koSa kI racanA to eka unheM kudarata kI hI dena thii| Ajataka saMsArameM koI vyakti itane baDe graMtha kI racanA sADhe caudaha varSa ke jIvana meM kara sakA ho yaha dekhane meM yA sunane meM nahIM AyA hai| isa graMtharacanA ke sADhe caudaha varSa ke samaya meM ve kahIM eka jagaha sthira rahe hoM, yA unhoMne apane dhArmika dUsare kArya baMda kara diye hoM, yaha bhI bAta nahIM hai / unhoMne apane jIvana ke aMtima kSaNa taka niraMtara paidala vihAra kiyA hai, dhArmika va sAmAjika kAryoM meM pratipala udyata rahe haiM / aMtima samayataka pratidina dhArmika upadezoMke dvArA janatA kA dhyAna tyAga, tapazcaryA aura AtmakalyANa kI ora kendrita kiyA hai| itanA karate hue bhI unhoMne apane graMtharacanA kA kArya avirala gati se cAlU rakkhA hai| unakA svargavAsa 80 varSa kI Ayu meM huA phira bhI 76 barSa kI avasthA taka unhoMne graMtharacanA ke kArya ko nahIM chor3A aura zrIabhidhAna rAjendra koSa ke kArya ko saMpUrNa kiyaa| unakI utkaTa icchA thI ki isa anupama graMtha ke mudraNa kA kArya bhI unake jIvanakAla meM ho jAya aura ve isako apane netroM se dekha leM, kiMtu unakI yaha bhAvanA pUrI na ho sakI / ve kevala zrIabhidhAna rAjendra koSa kA
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha prathama phArma hI mudritarUpa meM avalokana kara sake, isake pazcAt inake vidvAn ziSya svargIya zrIbhUpendrararijI va vartamAna AcArya zrIvijayayatIndrasUrijIne kaThina parizrama karake isake mudraNa ke kArya ko lagabhaga 17 varSa meM pUrNa kiyaa| isa graMtha ke mudraNa meM lagabhaga 4 lAkha rupaye vyaya hue / isa kArya meM samAjane bhI tana-mana-dhana se pUrA 2 sahayoga diyA, jisase Aja saMsAra ko isa graMtha se pUrA 2 lAbha mila rahA hai| yaha graMtha kevala jaina samAja va bhArata taka hI sImita nahIM rahA, yaha to Aja bhI pAzcAtya dezoM ke bar3e 2 graMthAlayoM kI zobhA ko dviguNita kara rahA haiM aura vahAM ke vidvAnoM ko pUrA 2 lAbha pahuMcA rahA hai| yaha to Apa isI smAraka-graMtha meM dI huI vidvAnoM kI sammatiyoM se jAna skeNge| zrIabhidhAna rAjendra koSa ko siyANA (mAravAr3a) meM sva0 AcAryapravara zrImadvijaya rAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAjane tithi Azvina zukla dvitIyA vikrama saMvat 1946 ko likhanA AraMbha kiyA aura sUrata gujarAta meM tithi caitra zukla 13 vikrama saMvat 1960 ko paripUrNa kiyA / yaha abhidhAna rAjendra koSa sAta bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai / yaha prAkRta bhASA kA mahAvizAla koSa hai| isake mudraNa ke liye ratalAma ( mAlavA ) meM zrI jaina prabhAkara presa ke nAma se eka svataMtra mudraNAlaya kholA gayA thA aura vahIM isake mudraNa kA kArya samApta kiyA gayA / ___ isa koSa kA 22429 ke cauthAI hisse (supara rAyala sAija) meM mudraNa kArya huA hai| isake prathama bhAga meM pRSTha saMkhyA 893, dUsare bhAga meM 1187, tIsare bhAga meM 1363, cauthe bhAga meM 1414, pAMcave bhAga meM 1627, chaTe bhAga meM 1465, sAtaveM bhAga meM 1251 isa taraha kula milakara sAtoM bhAgoM meM 9200 pRSTha saMkhyA hai| yaha koSa kevala greTa naMbara 2 (16 pAinTa) aura paikA naMbara 1 (12 pAinTa ) ke TAIpa meM chapA huA hai| pratyeka bhAga kI kImata 25 rupaye hai / prathama bhAga meM hrasvAkArAdi zabda se saMkalana kiyA gayA hai| isa abhidhAna rAjendra koSa meM jainAgama kI ardhamAgadhI bhASA ke zabdoM kA saMkalana kiyA hai| ardhamAgadhI bhASA sAmAnya prAkRta bhASA se kucha vilakSaNa hai / yaha ardhamAgadhI bhASA usa samaya kI sarvasAdhAraNa kI bhASA thI aura rASTra kI bhI yaha bhASA thI jisase tIrthaMkaroMne apanA upadeza isI bhASA meM diyA thaa| unhIM upadezoM ko zrIgautamAdi gaNadharoMne dvAdazAGgI athavA ekAdazAGgI rUpa meM saMdarbhita kiyA |jo Aja ' mUlasUtra' ke nAma se pukAre jAte haiN| ina mUlasUtroM tathA inake vizada arthoM kA gambhIra jJAna caudaha pUrvadhara, daza pUrvadhara, zrutakevalI Adi mahAtmAoM ko to kaMThastha hI hotA thA, unako kisI pustakAdi kI AvazyaktA nahIM hotI thii| usa samaya meM kAgaja, chapAI Adi kA AviSkAra nahIM thA, nahIM huvA thA / usa samaya janatA kI smaraNazakti itanI tIvra thI ki ve varSoM taka haraeka bAtoM ko kaMThastha hI
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________________ zrI abhidhAna rAjendra koza aura usake kartA / rakhate the / yadi kucha likhA bhI gayA hai to ve kevala tADapatroM Adi para hI pAyA jAtA hai| dhIre 2 janatA kI smaraNazakti aura jJAna meM kamI hone lagI to AcAryoM ko isakI ciMtA huI ki yaha vastu dhIre 2 vismRta ho jAyagI aura janatA dharma se vimukha ho jAyagI / jaina dharma ke mUlasUtroM kA artha ati gahana hone se pratyeka prANI ko samajhane meM kaThinAI kA anubhava hone lagA isa liye maharSiyoMne ina mUlasUtroM ke Upara niyukti, bhASya, cUrNi, TIkA Adi racanAyeM zurU kii| devardhigaNI kSamAzramaNa ke samaya meM bahutasA kaMThastha jJAna vismRta hone lagA, zArIrika sthiti aura smaraNazakti meM bahuta durbalatA ho gaI taba unhoMne usa samaya ke saba mahAtmAoM ko ekatrita karake jisako jitanA yAda thA usa saba kA saMkalana kara liyA, vehI graMtha Aja jaina samAja meM pAye jAte haiN| dhIre 2 inhIM graMthoM kA bhinna rUpa meM itanA vistAra ho gayA ki isa alpAyu meM jaldI se jaldI isake aMta taka pahuMcanA durlabha ho gyaa| sAtha hI jitane bhI graMthoM kI racanA huI hai ve saba eka jagaha saMgraharUpa meM milanA bhI kaThina haiN| sAtha hI konasA viSaya kisa graMtha meM hai aura kisa zabda kA kisa jagaha kyA artha hai yaha jAnanA atyaMta muzkila hai / ardhamAgadhI bhASA dhIre 2 lupta prAyaH ho gaI / kevala mAtra isakA kAryakSetra graMthoM taka hI sImita raha gayA, isako samajhanevAle logoM kA abhAva ho gayA / aise vikaTa samaya meM zrIabhidhAna rAjendra koSa sarIkhe graMthoM ke nirmANa kI paramAvazyakatA anubhava hone lgii| AcAryapravara zrIrAjendrasUrijIne dIrghadRSTi se socakara isa kArya kA prAraMbha karane kI pratijJA kii| isa graMtharAja meM inhoMne jainAgama kI mAgadhI bhASA ke zabdoM ko akArAdi krama se rakhakara saMskRta meM unakA anuvAda, liGga, vyutpatti aura artha likhakara phira usa zabda para jo pATha mUlasUtra meM AyA hai usako likhA hai| yadi usakI koI prAcIna TIkA usa samaya meM prApya thI to usako dekhakara usake sampUrNa artha ko spaSTa kiyA hai, sAtha hI kinhIM anya graMthoM meM bhI vahI viSaya AyA ho to usakA bhI acchI taraha spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai| yaha graMtha itanA sarala, sarasa va vistAra rUpa se likhA gayA hai ki isameM jaina dharma ke saba hI viSayoM para vistAra rUpa se prakAza DAlA gayA hai| jisa vyakti ko jainAgama saMbaMdhI koI bhI viSaya, koI bhI cIja cAhe vaha jaina siddhAnta se saMbaMdha rakhanevAle syAdvAda, IzvaravAda, saptanaya, saptabhaGgI, SaT dravya, navatatva, bhUgoLa, khagoLa Adi hoM, cAhe vaha sAdhu, sAdhvI, zrAvaka, zrAvikA ke AcAra-vicAra saMbaMdhI ho, cAhe vaha manuSya ke dainika kartavya saMbaMdhI ho, cAhe vaha dravyAnuyoga, caraNakaraNAnuyoga, gaNitAnuyoga, dharmakathAnuyoga saMbaMdhI ho kahane kA tAtparya yahI hai ki koI bhI viSaya isa abhidhAna rAjendra se achUtA nahIM rahA hai|
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________________ 36 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha se isa koSa meM yaha bar3I bhArI vizeSatA rahI huI hai ki mAgadhI bhASA ke anukrama zabdoM para saba viSaya rakkhe gaye haiM / 'manuSya jisa viSaya ko dekhanA cAhe vaha usI zabda para isa zrI abhidhAna rAjendra ko uThAkara dekhale usako saba kucha vahIM eka sthAna para mila jAyagA / jo viSaya jahAM jahAM jisa jisa jagaha para AyA hai usakA tamAma vistRta spaSTIkaraNa usI jagaha para kiyA hai| sAtha hI bar3e 2 zabdoM para viSayasUcI bhI dI hai jisase koI bhI viSaya jAnane meM kaThinAI upasthita na ho / sarvasAdhAraNa acchI taraha samajha sake isa krama se saMpUrNa, vyavasthita rUpa se pratyeka viSaya kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai / pratipAdana aura usa viSaya kI prAmANikatA ke liye mUlasUtroM ke pATha aura una mUlasUtroM kI niryukti, bhASya, cUrNi, TIkA tathA usa saMbaMdhI aura bhI prAcIna prAmANika dhuraMdhara vidvAna AcAryoM ke racita graMthoM ke pramANa graMthoM kI nAmAvalI ke sAtha prastuta kiye haiM jisase usa viSaya kA saMpUrNa pratipAdana maulika rUpa se ho jAya aura bhI usa zabda yA viSaya kI prAmANikatA ke liye kisI bhI vidvAn AcArya, muni, zrAvaka Adi kI racI huI kathAyeM milI haiM unako bhI usI zabda ke sAtha 2 saMgraha kara diyA gayA hai jisase viSaya kI puSTi meM bar3I bhArI saralatA prApta ho gaI hai / itihAsakAroM ke liye saba hI prasiddha tIthoM kA unhIM zabdoM ke sAtha paricaya karAyA gayA hai, unakI saMpUrNa jAnakArI dI hai, unakA Adi se lekara aMta taka saMpUrNa pratyeka dRSTi se vivecana kiyA hai / una tIrthoM ke prAcIna itihAsa para aitihAsika dRSTi se mahatva kA prakAza DAlA hai / isI prakAra tIrthaMkaroM kI jIvaniyoM ko bhI acchI taraha pratipAdita kiyA hai| tIrthaMkara avasthA kI jIvanI para hI nahIM pUrvabhavoM se lekara nirvANa paryaMta unake jIvana para acchA vivecana kiyA hai| kathA ke rasika janapriya saMsAra ke liye bhI saiMkar3oM kathAoM kA saMgraha isa abhidhAna rAjendra meM milatA hai / isa zrIabhidhAna rAjendra koSa ko sAta bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai jisakA saMpUrNa paricaya pratyeka bhAga ke alaga 2 rUpa meM nIce diyA jAtA hai, jisase pAThakoM ko saMpUrNa jAnakArI mila jAyagI ki unheM kisa bhAga meM kaunasA zabda mila sakegA, sAtha hI usa bhAga kI saMpUrNa mAhitI bhI unako saralatA se prApta ho jAyagI / yoM to eka 2 bhAga itane vistRta rUpa meM racita hai ki usakI saMpUrNa jAnakArI to yahAM nahIM dI jA sakatI; kyoM ki usakI jAnakArI dene meM eka bar3e graMtha kA nirmANa ho sakatA hai phira bhI saMkSipta rUpa meM usakA paricaya diyA jA rahA hai:
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________________ zrI abhidhAna rAjendra koza aura usake kartA / 37 zrI abhidhAna rAjendra koSa kA _prathama bhAga graMthakartA kA suMdara citra:isa graMtharAja ke prathama bhAga meM sabase pahile graMthakartA kA Adhunika rUpa meM suMdara citra diyA huA hai / jisa meM AcAryapravarazrI rAjendramUrijI ke janma, dIkSA, panyAsa, zrIpUjyapadavI, kriyoddhAra, divaMgati kA samaya aura sthAna aMkita kiyA huA hai| AbhAra- pradarzana AbhAra pradarzana kiyA gayA hai jisa meM graMtha-racayitA zrI rAjendrasUrijI kI isa graMtharacanA kA samaya nirdhArita kiyA hai / isake mudraNakArya saMbaMdhI vyavasthA ke liye zrIsaMghakI eka sabhA ho kara prastAva svIkRta huA aura isakA tamAma kAryabhAra sva. AcArya zrI bhUpendrasUrijI tathA vartamAna AcArya zrIyatIndrasUrijI ke kaMdho para rakkhA gyaa| unhoMne isa kArya ko ghora parizrama karake saMpUrNa kiyA / isa kArya meM jina 2 muniyoMne upadeza dekara isako Arthika sahAyatA pahuMcAI unakA saMkSipta paricaya diyA hai| sAtha hI mAlavI, nimAr3a, mAravAr3a, gujarAta ke jina 2 sadgRhasthoMne isa abhidhAna rAjendra ko mudrita va prakAzita karAne meM apane dhana kI sahAyatA dekara sadupayoga kiyA una kI saMpUrNa nAmAvalI dekara AbhAra pradarzana kiyA hai| jIvana-paricaya zrI abhidhAna rAjendra koSa Adi graMthoM ke nirmAtA AcAryapravara zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja kA saMpUrNa jIvana paricaya 15 pRSThoM meM diyA hai, jisa ke paThana se acchI taraha vidita ho sakatA hai ki AcAryazrI kA jIvana kitanA prabhAvotpAdaka hai| unhoMne apane pichale jIvana meM deza, samAja, dharma, sAhitya Adi kI kitanI sevAyeM kI haiM / isameM AcArya zrIdvArA racita graMthoM kI nAmAvalI saMvat sahita dI hai| unake hAtha se likhe hue akSaroM kA eka citra diyA hai jisa ko dekha kara acchI taraha AbhAsa hotA hai ki unake akSara kitane suMdara va zuddha the / unake akSaroM kI likhAvaTa va saphAI kitanI bar3hiyA aura kalAtmaka thI ki eka vakta chApekhAnoM ke akSaroM ko bhI pIche rakha detI thI / zrI saudharmabRhattapAgacchIya paTTAvalI isameM zrI mahAvIrasvAmI ke zAsanakAla ke nAyaka zrI sudharmAsvAmI se lekara zrI vijayarAjendrasUrijI paryaMta tamAma 67 AcAryoM kI pATa-paramparA kI nAmAvalI dI hai| AcAryapravara zrI dhanacandrasUrIzvarajI AcArya zrI rAjendrasUrijI ke saba se prathama vidvAn ziSya zrI dhanacandrasUrijI kA eka citra
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha diyA hai jisameM ina ke janma se lekara svargagamana paryaMta kA samaya aMkita kiyA gayA hai| inhoMne bhI isa abhidhAna rAjendra koSa ko saMsAra ke sAmane upasthita karane meM eka acchA sahayoga diyA hai| prastAvanA __ isa graMtharatna kI prastAvanA meM graMtha kI saMpUrNa racanA kI saMkSipta mAhitI dI gaI hai| isameM graMthakartAne kina kina khUbiyoM ke sAtha isa graMtha kA saMkalana karake unake tamAma viSayoM para prakAza DAlA hai isakI acchI samajhAiza kI hai / isa graMtha meM jo saMketa (niyama) rakkhe gaye haiM unakA saMpUrNa khulAsA kiyA hai| jisa viSaya kA jisa sUtra, niyukti, bhASya, TIkA, cUrNi yA anya kisI graMtha meM khulAsA AyA ho una saba kA adhyayanAdi ke saMketa aura ve kina kina graMthoM meM haiM una graMthoM ke sAMketika nAma diye haiN| kisI bhI viSaya ke pramANa ke liye jina jina graMthoM kI AvazyakatA huI hai una tamAma graMthoM ke nAmoM kI nAmAvalI dI hai, isameM 97 graMthoM ke pramANa batAye gaye haiM / prAkRta zabdoM meM jo kahIM kahIM ( ) aise koSTaka ke madhya meM akSara diye gaye haiM unake viSaya meM thor3e se niyama diye haiM aura una tamAma kA khulAsA 8 niyamoM meM kiyA gayA hai| dRSTAnta ke rUpa meM jaise kahIM-kahIM eka zabda ke aneka rUpa hote haiM paraMtu sUtroM meM eka hI rUpa kA pATha vizeSa AtA hai isa liye usIko mukhya rakha kara rUpAntara ko koSTaka meM rakkhA hai| udAharaNa ke taura para 'adattAdANa' yA 'aNubhAga' zabda AyA hai aura usakA rUpAntara 'adiyAdANa' yA 'aNubhAva' hotA hai; kintu sUtra meM pATha 'adattAdANa' hI prAyaH vizeSa AtA hai to usI ko pradhAna rakha kara dUsare ko koSTaka ( ) meM rakha diyA hai| prAkRta zabdoM meM kahIM-kahIM saMskRta zabdoM ke liGgoM se vilakSaNa liGga AtA hai| usako kahIM-kahIM prAkRta mAna kara hI liGga kI vyutpatti kI hai| jaise tIsare bhAga ke 437 pRSTha meM 'piTThato varAha ' mUla meM hai, usa para TIkAkAra likhate haiM ki 'pRSThadeze varAhaH, prAkRtvAt napuMsakaliGgatA' isa graMtha ke sAta bhAga haiN| una sAtoM bhAgoM meM se hara eka bhAga meM se Aye hue zabdoM meM se kucha zabdoM ke upayogI viSaya diye gaye haiN| jaise prathama bhAga meM jina zabdoM para vivecana kiyA gayA hai unameM se 13 zabdoM ke upayogI viSaya kI bahuta saMkSipta jAnakArI ke liye khulAsA diyA hai| jaise * ajjA ' zabda para saMkSipta vivaraNa diyA hai:
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________________ 32 zrI abhidhAna rAjendra koza aura usake krtaa| 'ajjA ' zabda para AryA ( sAdhvI ) ko gRhastha ke sAmane kaTu bhASaNa karane kA niSedha, vicitra ( nAnA raMgavAle ) vastra pahinane kA niSedha, gRhastha ke kapar3e sInekA niSedha, savilAsa gamana karane kA niSedha, gAdI takiyA Adi ko kAma meM lAne kA niSedha, snAna yA aGgarAgAdi karane kA niSedha, gRhastha ke ghara jAkara vyavahArika athavA dhArmika kathA karane kA niSedha, taruNa puruSoM ke Ane para unakA svAgata karane kA yA punarAgamana karane kA niSedha kiyA hai| isI prakAra sAdhviyoM ke ucita AcAra-vicAroM ke viSaya para pUrNa prakAza DAlA hai| ___ isa prathama bhAga meM jina 2 zabdoM para jo jo kathAyeM yA upakathAyeM AI haiM unakI nAmAvalI bhI de dI gaI hai jisa se pAThakoM ko saralatA se unakI jAnakArI mila jAya / yoM to kaI kathAeM isa prathama bhAga meM haiM para vizeSarUpa se 52 zabdoM para kathAoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| __isa taraha sAtoM kA upayogI viSaya saMkSipta rUpa se yahAM de diyA gayA hai jisase pAThakoM ko kisI bhI bhAga ke viSaya meM jAnakArI lenA ho to vaha yahAM se le sakatA hai| ___ akAra se kakAra taka zabdoM ke antargata ( ) koSTaka meM Aye hue zabdoM kI akArAdi krama se sUcI de dI gaI hai jisase kisI bhI zabda ko dekhanA ho to usakI jAnakArI yahAM se mila sakatI hai| isa graMtha kA paThana karane ke pahile 'Avazyaka katipaya saMketa' jo yahAM mudrita kiye gaye haiM unako saba se pahile par3ha lenA jarUrI hai tAki graMtha ke adhyayana meM kisI taraha kI asuvidhA yA zaMkA na ho, isake liye graMthakartAne 16 Avazyaka saMketa prakAzita kiye haiN| isa abhidhAna rAjendra meM itanA hI likhakara AcAryapravarane vizrAma nahIM liyA hai| unhoMne to haraeka viSaya para apanI lekhanI kA upayoga kiyA hai| skandila AcArya ke samaya meM jaba durbhikSa par3a gayA aura muniyoM kA paThana-pAThanAdi naSTaprAyaH hone lagA taba dUradarzI AcAryone socA ki isa taraha to saba jJAna lupta ho jaaygaa| unhoMne saMgho kA milApa kiyA aura yaha milApa eka to mathurA meM aura dUsarA vallabhI meM huA taba donoM ke pATha meM vAcanAbheda ho gayA aura honA bhI svAbhAvika hai; kyoMki jo cIja vismRta hokara punaH smaraNa kIjAtI hai usameM avazya vAcanAbheda ho sakatA hai / isakA bhI acchA vivecana isa graMtha meM milatA hai| . AcArya * Aryavaira ' ke samaya taka anuyogoM kA pArthakya nahIM huA thA aura yaha pArthakya AryarakSitasUri ke samaya meM huA isa viSaya para prathama bhAga meM * ajjarakkhiya' zabda para aura ' aNuoga' zabda para vistRta vivecana pAyA jAtA hai|
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha zrIsudharmAsvAmine 1 AcArAGgasUtra, 2 sUtrakRtAGgasUtra, 3 sthAnAGgasUtra, 4 samavAyAGgasUtra, 5 bhagavatI sUtra, 6 jJAtAdharmakathAsUtra, 7 upAsagadazAGgasUtra, 8 antagaDadazAGgamUtra, 9 aNuttarovavAiyadazAGgasUtra, 10 praznavyAkaraNasUtra, 11 vipAkasUtra ina gyAraha aMgoM kI racanA kI hai| ina gyAraha aMgoM meM adhyayana, mUla zloka saMkhyA, usa para TIkA, cUrNi, niryukti, bhASya aura laghuvRtti Adi jitanI bhI zlokasaMkhyA hai vaha batAI gaI hai / ina gyAraha aMgoM kI mUla zlokasaMkhyA 35659 hai aura ina zlokoM para 73544 TIkA haiM aura 22700 zlokapramANa cUrNi hai tathA 700 zlokanamANa niryukti hai aura saba milakara 132603 zlokapramANa haiM / AcArAGga aura sUtrakRtAGga kI TIkA zilaGgAcArya kI banI huI hai aura bAkI navAGgI TIkA AcArya zrI abhayadevasUri kI racita haiM isIliye abhayadevasUri mahArAja kA navAnI vRttikAra ke nAma se ullekha milatA hai / abhayadevasUri kA jIvanacaritra abhidhAnarAjendra ke prathama bhAga ke 706 pRSTha para AcAryapravarane vistRta rUpa se aMkita kiyA hai / isI prakAra zilaGgAcArya kA jIvanaparicaya abhidhAna rAjendra koSa ke sAtaveM bhAga ke 901 pRSTha para diyA gayA hai / ina gyAraha aMgoM ke Upara aMgacUlikAe~ bhI haiN| ina cUlikAoM se gyAraha aMga zobhita hote haiM / inakA bhI adhyayana Avazyaka hai / 60 ina gyAraha aMgoM ke sivAya bAraha upAGga 1 uvavAI, 2 rAyapaseNI, 3 jIvAbhigama, 4 panavaNA, 5 jambUdvIpapannati, 6 candraprajJapti, 7 sUraprajJapti, 8 kalpikA, 9 kalpAvartasikA, 10 puSpikA, 11 puSpacUlikA, 12 vahnidizA haiM / ina bAraha upAGgoM kI mUla saMkhyA aura ina para kisa AcArya kI TIkA hai tathA kitane adhyayana Adi haiM yaha bhI batAyA hai / ina pichale pAMca upAnoM kA eka nAma nirapAvalI bhI hai aura ina pAMcoM ke 52 adhyayana haiM / ina bAraha upAnoM kI mUla saMkhyA 25420 hai aura TIkA kI saMkhyA 67926, laghuvRtti 6028, cUrNa 3360 hai ina saba kI saMkhyA 103544 zlokapramANa hai / dasa pannA (prakIrNaka) dasa prakAra ke pannA ( prakIrNaka ) 1 causaraNa painnA, 2 AurapaJcakkhANa pannA, 3 bhattapaccakkhANa pannA, 4 saMthAraMga pannA, 5 taMdulatreyALI painnA, 6 caMdavijjaga pannA, 7 devindatthava pannA 8 gaNi vijjA painnA 9 mahApaccakkhANa pannA 10 samAdhikaraNa pannA ye dasa pannA alaga 2 viSayoM ke graMtha haiM inakI lokasaMkhyA dI hai| ina dasoM painnAoM kI saMpUrNa lokasaMkhyA 2305 hai aura pratyeka meM dasa dasa adhyayana haiM / ina dasoM painnAoM kI ginatI bhI taiMtAlIsa AgamoM meM kI gaI hai /
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________________ zrI abhidhAna rAjendra koza aura usake kartA / 1 vIrastava painnA, 2 RSibhASita sUtra, 3 siddhiprAmRta sUtra, 4 dIvasAgarapannati saMgrahaNI aura isakI alaga TIkA, 5 aGgavijjA painnA, 6 jyotiSakaraNDaka painnA aura isakI TIkA malayagirikRta tathA prAbhRtaka, 7 gacchAcArapainnA isa para TIkA vijayavimalagaNiracita aura isameM cAra adhikAra, 8 aGgacUlikAyeM haiN| ___ isa aGgacUlikA graMtha meM Arya sudharmAsvAmI se unake ziSya jaMbUsvAmI pUchate haiM ki ina gyAraha aMgoM kI aGgacUlikA kisa liye banAI gaI hai| sudharmAsvAmIne javAba diyA ki jisa prakAra AbhUSaNoM se aGga suzobhita hotA hai, usI prakAra aGgacUlikA se ekAdazAGgI suzobhita hotI hai, isaliye sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko isakA saMpUrNa adhyayana karanA cAhiye aura guruparaMparAgama se ise grahaNa karanA cAhiye / punaH jambUsvAmIne prazna kiyA ki he svAmI ! guruparaMparAgama kA kyA artha hai ! sudharmAsvAmIne javAba diyA kiH-Agama tIna prakAra ke haiM1 antAgama, 2 anantarAgama aura 3 paraMparAgama / __arhanta bhagavAnane jo upadeza diyA hai aura usa upadeza kA jo artha hai vaha gaNadharoMne grahaNa kiyA, sAtha hI usa artha kI gaNadharoMne sUtrarUpa meM saMkalanA kI ise antAgama mAnA jAtA hai| isake pazcAt gaNavaroM ke ziSyoMne jo racanAeM kI haiM ve antarAgama rUpa meM mAnI jAtI haiN| usake pazcAt jitane bhI graMthoM kI racanA huI hai unheM paraMparAgama rUpa meM grahaNa karanA cAhiye / aaziSTa bhAga jo kucha hai vaha upAGga cUlikA meM milatA hai / chaH cheda graMtha aura una para kI huI graMthoM kI rcnaaeN| 1 nizItha sUtra-isake 20 uddeza aura isakI zlokasaMkhyA 815 hai aura isa para laghubhASya 7400 hai / isa para jinadAsagaNiviracita cUrNi aura bRhadbhASya hai yaha TIkA ke nAma se suprasiddha hai| isa nizIthasUtra para bhadrabAhusvAmIne bhI niyukti kI racanA kI hai| zIlabhadrasUri ke ziSya candrasUrine bhI vikrama saMvat 1174 bhalI isa prakAra vyAkhyA kI hai| jina dAsagaNine isa nizIthasUtra para anuyogadvAracUrNi, nizIthacUrNi, bRhatkalpabhASya, AvazyakacUrNi Adi kaIM. eka graMthoM kA nirmANa kiyA hai| 2 mahAnizIthasUtra-isakI mULa zlokasaMkhyA 4500 mAnI jAtI hai / kaI 2 vidvAnoM ke matAnusAra isakI tIna vAcanAyeM batAI jAtI haiM-1 laghuvAcanA, 2 madhyavAcanA, 3 bRhdvaacnaa| 3 bRhatkalpasUtra-isakI mULa zlokasaMkhyA 473 hai| isa para vikrama saMvat 1332 meM zrIkSemakIrtisUrine 42 hajAra zloka kI eka bahuta bar3I TIkA banAI hai| isa para jinadAsagaNine eka bhASya, laghubhASya, cUrNi Adi kI racanAyeM kI haiN|
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha 4 vyavahAradazAkalpacchedasUtra-isake do khaNDa aura saMpUrNa mULa zlokasaMkhyA 600 hai / isa para malayagiri AcAryane TIkA, cUrNi, bhASya Adi racanAyeM kI haiN| 5 paMcakalpacchedasUtra-isake 16 adhyayana aura mULa zlokasaMkhyA 1133 hai / isa para cUrNi, dUsarI TIkA, bhASya Adi racanAyeM haiN| 6 dazAzrutaskandhachedasUtra-isakI saMpUrNa zlokasaMkhyA 4248 hai| isa para zrIbrahmaviracita TIkA milatI hai / isakA AThavAM adhyayana kapa sUtra hai jisakI kalasubodhikA TIkA hai| 7 jItakalpacchedasUtra-isakI mUla saMkhyA 108 aura TIkA 12 hajAra hai / isa para cUrNi, bhASya Adi graMtha haiN| isa para kaI AcAryoM, muniyoM Adine apanI 2 kramazaH racanAyeM alaga 2 banAI haiN| cAra mUlasUtra / 1 AvazyakasUtra-isakI mUla gAthA 125 haiM / ina gAthAoM para haribhadrasUri, bhadrabAhusvAmI, tilakAcArya, aJcalagacchAcArya, hemacandrAcArya Adine TIkA, niyukti, cUrNi, dIpikA Adi aneka graMthoM kI racanAyeM kI haiM jinakI saMpUrNa zlokasaMkhyA 98146 batalAI jAtI hai / isameM vizeSAvazyakasUtra kA eka vizeSa parikara hai| isa para bhI zrIjinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa, malladhArI zrIhemacandrasUri, koTAcArya, droNAcArya Ade kI aneka racanAyeM upalabdha hotI haiM / isameM pAkSikasUtra, yatipratikramaNa, dazavaikAlikasUtra Adi graMtha haiM aura ina graMthoM ke upara bhI kaI TIkA aura cUrNi Adi milate haiM / dazavaikAlikasUtra -sayyaMbhavasUri kA banAyA huA 700 mULa zlokoM kA hai| isa para tilakAcArya, haribhadrAcArya, malayagiri, somasuMdarasUri, samayasuMdara upAdhyAya Adi kaI vidvAnoM ke alaga 2 graMthoM kI racanAyeM milatI haiM / ina graMthoM meM inhoMne vizeSa rUpa se acchA prakAza DAlA hai| 2 piNDaniyukti-bhadrabAhusvAmI ke dvArA isakI racanA huI hai| isake mULa zloka 700 haiM / isa para malayagiri, vIragaNi, mahAsUri Adi kaI vidvAn AcAryoM kI TIkA, laghuvRtti Adi hajAroM zlokoM meM racanAyeM pAI jAtI haiN| vidvAnoM kA kathana hai ki isa para 19200 zlokoM kI racanAyeM haiN| 3 oghaniyukti-yaha graMtha bhI zrIbhadrabAhusvAmI ke dvArA nirmANa kiyA huA hai| isake mULa zloka 1170 haiN| isa para droNAcArya kI TIkA, bhASya, cUrNi Adi 18450 zloka. pramANoM meM milate haiN|
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________________ zrI abhidhAna rAjendra koza aura usake kartA / 4 uttarAdhyayanasUtra-isake 36 adhyayana haiM aura isake mULa zloka 2000 haiM / isa para vAdivetALazAMtisUri kI TIkA, lakSmIvallabhITIkA, nemacandrasUri kI racanA kI huI laghuvRtti, bhadrasvAmI kI nirmANa kI huI gAthA, niyukti, cUrNi Adi 40300 zlokapramANoM meM graMtha upabdha haiN| pIche se aura bhI AcAryoMne isa graMtha para acchA prakAza DAlA hai / cUlikAsUtra / 1 nandisUtra-devarddhigaNi kSamAzramaNa dvArA nirmita 700 mULa zlokapramANa kA graMtha hai| isa graMtha para malayagiri AcArya kI vRtti, cUrNi, haribhadrasUri kI banAI huI. laghuTIkA, candra. sUri kA TippaNa Adi aneka graMtha milate haiN| 2 anuyogadvArasUtra-yaha 6 hajAra zloka ke pramANa meM hai| isa para mallavArI zrIhemacaMdrasUrine vRtti likhI hai| jinadAsagaNine cUrNi, haribhadrasUrine laghuvRtti Adi hajAroM zlokoM ke pramANoM meM graMtha racanAyeM kI haiM / zrI jaina zvetAmbara samAja meM gyAraha aMga, bAraha upAGga, dasa painnA, chaH chedasUtra, cAra mULasUtra aura do cUlikAsUtra isa taraha Adhunika samaya meM paiMtAlIsa Agama upalabdha haiM aura ye sarvamAnya haiN| isameM kisI bhI vyakti kA koI matabheda nahIM hai| zrIjaina zvetAmbara samAja meM cAhe kitane hI gaccha yA matamatAntara hoM; kiMtu ina 45 AgamoM ke saMbaMdha meM to sabakI eka hI mAnyatA, AdarabhAva va prema hai| jahAM kahIM bhI gacchoM meM bheda naz2ara Ate haiM ve avasara karake kriyAkAMDoM meM haiN| mUla saiddhAntika matabheda nahIM hai| saba eka hI graMthoM aura zAstroM kI mAnyatAvAle haiN| ina AcAryoM ke kriyAkAMDoM ke matabheda se cAhe hama logoM meM judI 2 mAnyatAyeM ho gaI hoM; kiMtu saiddhAntikadRSTi se aisA koI matabheda nahIM hai aura Aja to isa svataMtratA ke yuga meM apanI 2 kriyAyeM karate hue saba ko saMgaThana ke eka sUtra meM mila kara siddhAntoM kA pracAra karanA cAhiye / siddhAntoM ko eka tarapha rakha kara kevala kriyAkAMDoM ko hI mahatva denA isa yuga meM zobhanIya nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| upodghAta / saMskRta bhASA meM 13 pRSThoM kA upodghAta saMzodhakoM ke dvArA likkhA gayA hai jisameM jainadarzana kI mAnyatAoM para vizada vivecana kiyA gayA hai| sabase pahile to jainadarzana kI udAratA ke saMbaMdha meM prakAza DAlate hue batalAyA ki jainadarzana kisI bhI vyakti, mAnavadharma kA dveSI nahIM hai usakA to kathana hai ki: pakSapAto na me vIre, na dveSaH kapilAdiSu / yuktimad vacanaM yasya, tasya kAryaH parigrahaH // 1 //
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka -graMtha rAgadveSavinirmuktA-rhat kRtaM ca kRpA param / pradhAnaM sarvadharmANAM, jainaM jayati zAsanam // 2 // 59 jainadarzana dayA, AcAra, kriyA aura vastubheda ke rUpa se cAroM bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai / isakI nIMva syAdvAda arthAt anekAMtavAda para ThaharI huI hai| pramANapUrvaka jainazAstroM meM syAdvAda siddhAnta kA itane acche DhaMga se pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai ki jisake saMbaMdha meM vidvAnoM ko Azcaryacakita honA par3atA hai | jainadarzana meM syAdvAda kI vyAkhyA karate hue batalAyA hai ki " ekasmin vastuni sApekSarItyA nAnA dharmasvIkAro hi syAdvAdaH eka vastu meM apekSApUrvaka viruddha judA judA dharmoM ko svIkAra karanA hI syAdvAda hai / vastumAtra meM sAmAnya aura vizeSa dharma rahA huA hai / eka hI vastu meM apekSA se aneka dharmoM kI vidyamAnatA svIkAra karane kA nAma syAdvAda hai / pratyeka vastu kI apekSA se nityAnitya mAnanA par3atA hai / darzanavAda kA adhyayana, manana va parizIlana karanevAle acchI taraha samajhate haiM ki pratyeka darzanakAra ko eka athavA dUsare rUpa meM syAdvAda ko svIkAra karanA hI par3atA hai| kaI vyakti syAdvAda kA yathAsthita svarUpa na samajhane ke kAraNa isako 'saMzayavAda ' bhI kahane kI balakriyA karate haiM; kiMtu vastutaH ' syAdvAda ' 'saMvAda' nahIM hai / saMzaya to use kahate haiM ki eka vastu koI nizvaya rUpa se na samajhI jAya / aMdhakAra meM kisI lambI vastu ko dekha kara vicAra utpanna ho ki yaha rassI hai athavA sAMpa / athavA jaMgala kI aMdherI rAtri meM dUra se lakar3I ke ThUMTha ke samAna kisI ko dekha kara vicAra ho ki 'yaha manuSya hai yA lakaDI' isakA nAma saMzaya hai / paraMtu syAdvAda meM to aisA nahIM hai / saMsAra meM saba padArthoM meM aneka dharma rahe hue haiN| yadi sApekSarItyA ina dharmoM kA avalokana kiyA jAve to usameM una dharmoM kI satyatA avazya jJAta hogI / AtmA jaisI nityamAnI jAnevAlI vastu ko bhI yadi hama syAdvAda dRSTi se dekheMge to isameM bhI nityatva, anityatva Adi dharma mAlUma hoMge / ya isa taraha tamAma vastuoM meM sApekSarItyA aneka dharma hone ke kAraNa hI zrImAn umAsvAtivAcakane dravya kA lakSaNa karate hue batAyA hai ki 'utpAda-vyaya- prauvyayuktaM sat' / kisI bhI dravya ke liye yaha lakSaNa nirdoSa pratIta hotA hai / AtmA yadyapi dravyArthika naya kI apekSA se nitya hai tathApi ise paryAyArthika naya kI apekSA se ' anitya ' hI mAnanA pdd'egaa| jaise ki eka saMsArastha jIva, puNya kI adhikatA ke samaya jaba manuSyayoni ko chor3a kara devayoni meM jAtA hai usa samaya devagati meM utpAda ( utpatti ) aura manuSya paryAya kA vyaya ( nAza ) hotA hai; dharma to sthAyI ( dhauvya ) hI rahatA hai arthAt yadi AtmA ko paraMtu donoM gatiyoM meM caitanya - ekAnta nitya hI mAnA jAya
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________________ zrI abhidhAna rAjendra koza aura usake kartA / to utpanna kiyA huA puNya-pApa punaH punaH janmamaraNAdi bhAva se niSphala jAyagA aura yadi ekAnta anitya hI mAnA jAya to puNya-pApa karanevAlA dUsarA aura use bhoganevAlA dUsarA ho jAyagA / isa liye AtmA meM kathaMcit nityatva aura kathaMcit anityatva ko avazya hI svIkAra karanA pdd'egaa| yaha to caitanya kA dRSTAnta huA, paraMtu jar3a padArtha meM bhI -- utpAdavyaya-dhrauvyayuktaM sat ' dravya kA yaha lakSaNa avazya syAdvAda zailI se ghaTita hotA hai, jaise sone kI eka kaMThI ke dRSTAMta seH eka vyakti sunAra kI dUkAna para apanI kaMThI ko galA kara usakA eka kaDA banavAtA hai / usa samaya kaDe kA utpAda ( utpatti ) aura kaMThI kA vyaya ( vinAza ) huA; paraMtu sonA ( svarNatva ) kar3e aura kaMThI donoM meM vaisA hI dhrauvya (sthAI) hai / isa prakAra jagata ke saba padArthoM meM utpatti, vyaya aura sthAItva lakSaNa acchI taraha ghaTita hote haiM aura yahI syAdvAdazailI hai / ekAMta nitya aura anitya koI bhI padArtha nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| nityAnitya hone se vastu jaise anekAMta hai aise sadasat rUpa hone se bhI anekAMta hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki vastu nityAnitya kI taraha sat asat rUpa bhI hai / svarUpAdi kI apekSA vastu meM satva aura pararUpAdi kI apekSA se asatva, ataH apekSAkRta bheda se satyAsatva donoM hI vastu meM binA kisI virodha ke rahate haiN| vastu svadravya-kSetra-kAla bhAvarUpa se sat aura paradravya-kSetra-kAla- bhAvarUpa se asat ; ataH sat aura asat ubhaya rUpa hai / isa prakAra syAdvAda kA nirUpaNa karate hue saptabhaGgI para bahuta acchA prakAza DAlA hai| saptabhaGgI AcAryapravarane saptabhaGgI kA lakSaNa batAte hue likhA hai ki " ekatravastunyekaika dharmaparyanuyogavazAdavirodhena vyastayoH samastayozca vidhiniSedhayoH kalpanayA syAtkArAGkitaH saptadhA vAkprayogaH saptabhaGgI " prazna rupa se eka vastu meM eka eka dharma kI vidhi aura niSedha kI virodha rahita kalpanA yahI saptabhaGgI hai / prazna sAta prakAra ke ho sakate haiM ve isa prakAra:1 syAdasti, 2 syAnnAsti, 3 syAdastinAsti, 4 syAdavaktavyaM, 5 syAdasti avaktavyaM, 6 syAnnAsti avaktavyaM, 7 syAdasti nAsti abaktavyaM syAt yaha zabda avyaya hai aura anekAMta ko batalAnevAlA hai| isa taraha saptabhaGgI ke sAtoM bhaGgoM para bahuta vizada artha samajhAkara diyA hai / isa prakAra isa upodghAta meM samavAyakhaNDanam , sattAnirasanam , apohasya svarUpa nirvacanapurassaraM nirasanam , apauruSeyatvavyAghAtaH, jagakartRtvavidhvaMsaH, zabdAkAzaguNatvakhaNDanam ,
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha advaitakhaNDanam , IzvaravyApakatvakhaNDanam , ekendriyANAm bhAvendriyajJAnasamarthanena bhAvazruta samartha. nam Adi viSayoM para bahuta vivecana kiyA gayA hai| yahAM yadi ina saba para prakAza DAlane kI koziza kI jAya to alaga hI eka baDA graMtha banajAne kI saMbhAvanA hai| ataH jinako ye viSaya dekhanA ho ve isa abhidhAna rAjendra koSa meM dekha sakate haiN| AcAryazrI hemacaMdrAcArya mahArAjane apane jIvana meM lagabhaga 3 // karoDa zlokoM kI racanA kI hai| sAtha hI usa samaya meM jitane bhI viSaya upalabdha the una saba viSayoM para apanI racanAyeM kI haiM / yaha unake saba viSayoM ke graMthoM ko dekhane se acchI taraha patA lagatA hai| inhIM AcArya hemacaMdrane 'siddhahemazabdAnuzAsanam ' nAmaka eka vyAkaraNa kI bahuta bar3I racanA kI hai| usakA AThavAM adhyAya prAkRta vyAkaraNa kA nirmita kiyA hai / usa prAkRta vyAkaraNa ke Upara AcArya zrIrAjendrasUrijIne eka 2 sUtra ko lekara saMskRta meM zlokabaddha cAra pAdoM meM TIkA racI hai jisase prAkRta vyAkaraNa ke adhyayana karanevAloM ko bahuta hI saralatA se prAkRta bhASA kA jJAna ho ske| isa graMtha kI racanA vikrama saMvat 1929 ke varSa meM kI hai| __ isa prAkRta vyAkaraNa meM kaunasA sUtra kisa sthAna para hai yaha saralatA se jAna lene ke liye akArAdi krama se pRSThasaMkhyA, sUtroM ke nAma aura sUtroM kI saMkhyA de dI gaI hai| ___abhyAsArthiyoM ke liye prAkRta vyAkaraNa kI prAkRta zabdarUpAvali bhI isa meM dedI hai jisameM sAtoM vibhakti aura sambodhana ke rUpa acchI taraha batalA diye gaye haiM ! prAkRta bhASA meM ekavacana aura bahuvacana hI hotA hai, saMskRta kI taraha ekavacana, dvivacana va bahuvacana isa taraha tIna vacana nahIM mAne gaye haiN| yaha bhASA kaThina dikhAI detI hai, kiMtu yadi adhyayana kiyA jAya to yaha saMskRta se bahuta sarala hai| aMta meM AcAryazrIne napuMsakaliMgoM ke rUpa dekara isakI parisamApti kI hai| ___ aba abhidhAna rAjendra koSa kA yaha prathama bhAga 'a' akSara se prAraMbha kiyA hai aura ' ahohima ' isa zabda para samApta kiyA hai| isa bhAga meM kevala eka 'a' akSara se bananevAle zabdoM ke 893 pRSTha haiM aura usI eka 'a' akSara ke zabdoM meM hI yaha prathama bhAga samApta ho gayA hai| ___aba isa bhAga meM jo mukhyataH zabdoM ke viSaya Aye haiM unheM saMkSepa meM yahAM diyA jA rahA hai tAki pAThakoM ko isa bhAga kI mAhitI saralatA se ho sake: ___ 'aMtara' isa zabda para dvIra, parvatoM ke paraspara aMtara, jaMbUdvAroM meM paraspara aMtara, jinezvaroM ke paraspara aMtara, bhagavAn RSabhadeva se mahAvIra taka kA aMtara, jyotiSkoM kA aura caMdramaNDala kA paraspara aMtara, caMdrasUryoM kA paraspara aMtara Adi aneka viSayoM para prakAza DAlA hai|
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________________ zrI abhidhAna rAjendra koza aura usake kartA / 'ajjA' isa zabda para AryA( sAdhvI) ko gRhastha ke sAmane puSTa bhASaNa karane kA niSedha, vicitra aneka raMga ke kapar3e pahinane kA niSedha, gRhastha ke kapar3e pahinane kA niSedha Adi sAdhviyoM ke yogya jo bhI kArya nahIM haiM unakA tathA jina kAryoM ko unheM karanA cAhiye una saba kA vivecana isa zabda meM kiyA gayA hai / 'aNegaMtavAya' isa zabda para syAdvAda kA svarUpa, anekAMtavAdiyoM ke mata kA pradarzana, ekAMtavAdiyoM ke doSa, haraeka vastu ko anaMta dharmAtmika hone meM pramANa, vastu kI ekAMta sattA mAnanevAle matoM kA khaNDana Adi syAdvAda saMbaMdhI viSaya para gaharA prakAza DAlA hai| 'addagakumAra ' isa zabda para ArdrakumAra kI kathA, rAgadveSa rahita ke bhASaNa karane meM doSAbhAva, samavasaraNAdi ke upabhoga karane para bhI arhat bhagavAna ke karmabaMdhana hone kA patipAdana, binA hiMsA kiye hue bhI mAMsa khAne kA niSedha Adi viSaya pradarzita kiye haiN| ___ 'amAvasA' isa zabda para eka varSa meM bAraha amAvasyAoM kA nirUpaNa, unake nakSatroM kA yoga tathA kitane muhUrtoM ke jAne para amAvasyA ke bAda pUrNamAsI aura pUrNamAsI ke bAda amAvasyA AtI hai ityAdi viSaya haiN| 'ahiMsA ' isa zabda para ahiMsA kI vyAkhyA, ahiMsA kA vivecana, ahiMsA kA lakSaNa, ahiMsA pAlana karane meM udyata puruSoM kA kartavyAdi meM hiMsA karane para vicAra, jainiyoM kI ucca ahiMsA kA pratipAdana, ekAMta nitya aura ekAMta anitya AtmA ke mAnanevAle ke mata meM ahiMsA kA vyartha ho jAnA, AtmA ke pariNAmI hone para bhI hiMsA meM avirodha kA pratipAdana Adi viSayoM para acchA vivecana kiyA hai| prathama bhAga meM jina jina zabdoM para jo jo kathAyeM upakathAyeM AI haiM unakA bhI acchA digdarzana karAyA hai| abhidhAna rAjendra koSa kA dUsarA bhaag| isa dUsare bhAga kA prAraMbha ' A ' isa akSara se kiyA gayA hai aura * UhA' isa zabda para isa koSa ke dUsare bhAga ko samApta kiyA hai / isa bhAga meM 1187 pRSTha haiN| isa bhAga meM A, i, I, u, U ina pAMca akSaroM se prAraMbha honevAle zabdoM para khUba vivecanapUrvaka vicAra kiyA gayA hai jisameM kevala 'A' akSara se AraMbha honevAle zabdoM para 528 pRSThoM meM varNana kiyA hai| dUsare bhAga meM yoM to kaI zabdoM para vivecana kiyA hai phira bhI do-cAra zabdoM ke viSayoM kI jAnakArI nIce dI jA rahI hai| Au'-Ayu ke bheda, Ayu kA nirUpaNa, Ayu kI puSTi ke kAraNa aura unake udAharaNAdi diye haiN| AukAya zabda para akAyika jIvoMkA varNanabheda aadi|
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha 'AuTTi' zabda para candra-sUrya kI AvRtiyAM kisa Rtu meM aura kisa nakSatra ke sAtha kitanI hotI haiM yaha viSaya dekhane yogya hai / __'Agama' zabda para laukika aura lokottara bheda se Agama ke bheda, Agama kA parataH prAmANya, Agama ke apauruSatya kA khaNDana, AptoM dvArA race hue hI AgamoM kA prAmANya, mokSamArga meM Agama hI pramANa haiM, jinAgama kA satyatva pratipAdana Adi paccIsa viSayoM para bahuta hI mahatvapUrNa prakAza DAlA hai| 'ANA' zabda para AjJA ke sadA ArAdhaka hone para hI mokSa, paraloka meM AjJA hI pramANa hai aura AjJA ke vyavahAra Adi kA bahuta hI acche DhaMga se varNana kiyA hai| 'Ayariya' zabda para AcArya pada kA viveka, AcArya ke bheda, AcArya kA aiha. laukika aura pAralaukika svarUpa, AcArya ke bhraSTAcAratva hone meM durguNa, eka AcArya ke kAla kara jAne para dUsare ke sthApana meM vidhi, AcArya kI parIkSA Adi viSaya kA bahuta hI sundara tarIke se vizada vivecana kiyA hai| __ 'AhAra' zabda para kevaliyoM ke AhAra aura nIhAra pracchanna hote haiN| pRthvIkAyikAdi, vanaspati, manuSya, tiryag, sthalacara Adi yAvajjIva prANiyoM ke AhAra( bhojana ) saMbaMdhI tamAma taraha kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai| kauna jIva kitanA AhAra karatA hai usakA parimANa, AhAra tyAga kA kAraNa Adi batAyA hai| bhagavAna RSabhadeva ke samaya meM isa bhUmi para kandAhArI yugaliye manuSya the jo ki lar3akA aura lar3akI sAtha utpanna hote the, kevala kandamUla se hI apanA jIvana calAte the, bar3e hone para ve hI donoM Apasa meM pati-patnI bana jAte the aise logoM ko bhagavAna RSabhadevane kisa prakAra annAhArI banAyA hai, AcAra, vicAroM meM parivartana kiyA hai isa viSaya ko lekara usa jamAne kI paripATI para mArmika vivecana kiyA hai| 'itthI' (strI) zabda para strI ke lakSaNa, striyoM ke svabhAva va kRtyoM kA varNana, strI ke saMsarga meM doSa, striyoM ke svarUpa aura zarIra kI nindA, vairAgya utpanna hone ke liye strIcaritra kA nirIkSaNa, strI ke sAtha vihAra, svAdhyAya, AhAra, uccAra, prasravaNa, pariSThApanikA aura dharmakathAdi karane kA bhI niSedha ityAdi 20 viSayoM para prakAza DAlA hai| usabha ' zabda para bhagavAna RSabhadeva ke pUrvabhava, tIrthakara hone kA kAraNa, janma aura janmotsava, vivAha, saMtAna, nIti, vyavasthA, rAjyAbhiSeka, rAjyasaMgraha, dIkSAkalyANaka, cIvaradhArI hone kA kAlapramANa, bhikSA kA pramANa unake ATha bhavoM kA varNana, kevalajJAna hone ke bAda dharmakathana aura mokSa taka saba varNana diyA hai| unake jIvanakAla ke samaya saMsAra taka
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________________ zrI amidhAna rAjendra koza aura usake krtaa| kyA sthiti thI unhoMne isa saMsAra ko kyA 2 amogha upadeza dekara ArAdhanA ke mArga para lagAyA kyoMki ve isa Are ke AdyatIrthaMkara the| khUba acchA vivecana kiyA hai| isa taraha anekoM viSayoM para isa dUsare bhAga meM vivecana kiyA gayA hai| pAThakoM ko dUsarA bhAga dekhane se acchI taraha mAlUma ho hI jaaymaa| dUsare bhAga meM jina jina zabdoM para kathA yA upakathAyeM AI haiM / una kathAoM yA upakathAoM kA bhI zabda ke artha ke sAtha hI saMkalana kara diyA hai jisase koI viSaya adhUrA na raha jAya / abhidhAna rAjendra koSa kA tIsarA bhaag| tIsare bhAga ke prAraMbha meM AbhAra pradarzana kiyA hai / usake pazcAt tIsare bhAga kI saMskRta bhASA meM saMzodhaka mahAnubhAvoMne prastAvanA likhI hai / upAdhyAya zrI mohanavijayajI mahArAja jo ki zAMta, vidvAn aura gaMbhIra muni hue haiM unhoMne apane guru zrImadvijayaM. rAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja ke guNoM para mugdha hokara guru-aSTaka nirmANa kiye haiN| ve tIna aSTaka yahAM diye gaye haiN| tIsare bhAga kA prAraMbha 'e' akSara se kiyA gayA hai aura ' choha ' zabda para isa tIsare bhAga ko samApta kiyA hai / isa bhAga meM 1363 pRSTha haiN| 'e' yaha akSara kevala saMbodhana, anunaya, anurAga Adi meM hI kAma AtA hai isa para anya koI zabda nahIM hai / isI prakAra 'o' akSara bhI prAkRta bhASA meM nahIM hotA hai| isI taraha 'aM' aura aH ina para bhI koI zabda nahIM hai; ataeva inake bhI isa koSa meM koI zabda nahIM diye gaye haiN| - kevala mAtra e, o, ka, kha, ga, gha, ca, cha ina ATha akSaroM ke zabdoM para hI isa bhAga meM vivecana kiyA gayA hai| isa bhAga ke kucha kucha mukhya viSaya yahAM diye jA rahe haiM: 'egallavihA' (ekalavihArI) isa zabda para ekalavihArI sAdhu ko kyA kyA doSa lagate haiM, azivAdI kAraNa se ekAkI hone meM doSAbhAva, ekalavihArI ko prAyazcita Adi kA varNana kiyA hai| __'ogaraNA ' ( avagAhanA ) zabda para avagAhanA ke bheda, audArika, vaikriya, AhA. raka, taijasa aura kArmaNa ina pAMca zarIroM ke kSetra kA mAna diyA hai| kauna 2 sI gati meM kitanI 2 jIva kI avagAhanA ho sakatI haiM usakA saMpUrNa vivecana isa koSa meM kiyA hai| 'osaTipaNI ' ( avasarpiNI ) isa zabda para avasarpiNI zabda kI vyutpatti aura avasarpiNI kitane kAla ko kahate hai, suSamasuSamA Are se lekara duSamAduSamA paryanta chaH
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________________ zrIpada vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha AroM ko bahuta hI suMdara DhaMga se varNana kiyA hai / manuSyAdikoM ke svarUpa kA varNana unakI bhavasthiti, jagata kI vyavasthA Adi kA varNana acchI taraha samajhAyA hai / kamma' (karma) isa zabda para karma ke saMbaMdha meM jaina aura jainetara saba kI mAnyatAyeM acche rUpa meM pradarzita kI haiM / jagata ke vaicitrya se bhI karma kI siddhi, jIva ke sAtha karma kA saMbaMdha, karma kA anAditva, jagata kI vicitratA meM karma hI kAraNa haiM, IzvarAdi nahIM hai isakA vizleSaNadRSTi se acchA vivecana kiyA hai / jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, vedanIya, mohanIya Adi karmoM para vizada vivecana kiyA hai / isa taraha isa zabda meM 37 viSayoM para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| 'kiIkamma ' (kRtikarma ) isa zabda para kRtikarma meM sAdhuoM kI apekSA se sAdhviyoM kA vizeSa, yathocita vaMdanA na karane meM doSa Adi batAyA hai / kRtikarma kisako karanA cAhiye aura kisako nahIM karanA cAhiye isa kA vivecana / susAdhu ke vaMdanA para guNa kA vicAra Adi 21 viSayoM para khUba prakAza DAlA hai / 'kiriyA' (kriyA ) zabda para kriyA kA svarUpa, kriyA kA nikSepa, kriyA ke bheda, jJAnAvaraNIyAdi karma ko bAMdhatA huA jIva kitanI kriyAoM se inako samApta karatA hai / zramaNopAsaka kI kriyA kA kathana, anAyukta meM jAte hue anagAra kI kriyA kA nirUpaNa Adi 18 viSayoM para bahuta zuddha vistAra likhA hai| kevalaNANa' (kevalajJAna ) zabda para kevalajJAna kA artha, kevalajJAna kI utpatti, siddhi, bheda, siddha kA svarUpa, kisa prakArakA kevalajJAna hotA hai isakA nirUpaNa / rAjakathA, dezakathA, strIkathA, bhaktakathA karanevAle ke liye kevalajJAna aura kevaladarzana kA pratibaMdha hai ityAdi viSaya bahuta hI mArmika rUpa meM pradarzita kiyA hai| 'goyacariyA' (gaucarI ) zabda para jinakalpika aura sthavirakalpika muniyoM kI bhikSAvidhi, bhikSATana meM vidhi, AcArya kI AjJA, mArga meM kisa taraha vivekapUrvaka jAnA, tIrthakara aura utpanna kevalajJAnadarzanavAle bhikSA ke liye bhramaNa nahIM karate, AcArya bhikSA ke liye nahIM jAte, sAdhviyoM kI bhikSA kA prakAra ityAdi viSaya bahuta acchI taraha samajhA kara diye haiN| __ 'cArita ' ( cAritra ) zabda para sAmAyikAdi pAMca cAritroM kA suMdara varNana, cAritra kI prApti kisa taraha hotI hai isakA pratipAdana, cAritra se hIna jJAna athavA darzana mokSa kA sAdhana nahIM hotA hai, kina 2 kaSAyoM ke udaya se cAritra kI prApti nahIM hotI hai aura
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________________ zrI abhidhAna rAjendra koza aura usake kartA / kina se hAni hotI hai isakA acchA vivecana diyA hai / vItarAga kA cAritra na bar3hatA hai aura na ghaTatA hai / AhArazuddhi hI prAyaH cAritra kA kAraNa hai Adi viSayoM para vistRta rUpa se varNana kiyA hai| 'ceiya' (caitya ) zabda para caitya ( maMdira ) kA artha, pratimA kI siddhi, cAraNa munikRta vaMdanAdhikAra, caitya zabda kA artha, jJAna nahIM hote hue bhI jo apane siddhAnta kA pratipAdana karane ke liye jabardastI jJAna artha karate haiM unakA siddhAnta va tarka se yuktiyukta khaNDana, camarakRta vaMdana, daivakRta caityavaMdana, sAvadyapadArtha para bhagavAna kI anumati nahIM hotI aura mauna rahane se bhagavAna kI anumati samajhI jAtI hai| kyoMki kisI cIja kA niSedha nahIM karanA anumati hI hotI hai isa para dRSTAnta, hiMsA kA vicAra, dravyastava meM guNa, jinapUjana se vaiyAvRtya, tIna stuti, jinabhavana banAne meM vidhi, pratimA banAne meM vidhi, pratiSThAvidhi, jinapUjAvidhi, jinasnAtravidhi, AbharaNa ke viSaya meM svamata kA maMDana, caitya viSayaka viSayoM para hIravijayasUrikRta uttara Adi viSayoM para khUba tArkika rUpa se prakAza DAlA hai / ceiyavaMdaNa' (caityavaMdana ) zabda para tIna prakAra kI pUjA, tIna prakAra kI bhAvanA, caityavaMdana, tIna vaMdanA, tIna yA cAra stuti, jaghanya vaMdanA, namaskAra, siddhastuti, vIrastuti Adi viSaya pratipAdita kiye gaye haiM / isa tIsare bhAga meM jina 2 zabdoM para kathAyeM aura upakathAyeM AgamoM meM milatI haiM unako bhI una zabdoM ke sAtha 2 de diyA gayA hai tAki saba vastueM eka hI sthAna para mila jAtI haiN| abhidhAna rAjendra koSa kA cauthA bhAga . isa cauthe meM bhI AbhAra pradarzana kiyA hai| isa ke pazcAt ghaNTApathaH nAma se saMskRta meM 16 pRSTha kI prastAvanA likhI hai| upAdhyAya zrI mohanavijayajIne grantha-nirmANa kA kyA kAraNa hai isa viSaya ko lekara saMskRta bhASA meM 12 zlokoM kA eka aSTaka nirmANa kiyA hai jo yahAMpara mudrita kiyA hai / yaha abhidhAna rAjendra kA cothA bhAga 'ja' akSara se prAraMbha kiyA gayA hai aura 'naurmAlyA' isa zabda para isa bhAga ko samApta kiyA hai| isa bhAga meM 1414 pRSTha haiN| vaise isa bhAga meM tIsare bhAgake 1363 pRSTha se Age pRSTha naMbara 1364 se prAraMbha kara ke 2777 taka kI pRSThasaMkhyA dI hai| isa bhAga meM ja, jha, Ta, Tha, Da, Dha, Na, ta, tha, da, dha, na ina bAraha akSaroM se prAraMbha
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________________ __zrImadU vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka maMca honevAle tamAma zabdoM para khUba vivecanapUrvaka prakAza DAlA hai jisameM kevala 'Na' zabda se prAraMbha honevAle zabdoM para 429 pRSTha diye haiM aura 'Dha' zabda se zurU honevAle zabdoM para eka pUrA pRSTha diyA hai| aba isa bhAga meM jo pradhAnataH viSaya Aye haiM unako saMkSepa meM nIce diyA jA rahA hai tAki pAThakoM ko hara eka bhAga ke saMbaMdha meM ThIka 2 jAnakArI ho sake: 'jIva' zabda para jIva kI utpatti, jIva ke saMsArI aura siddha ke bheda se jIva ke do meda, jIva kA lakSaNa, hAthI aura macchara meM eka samAna jIva hai isakA pratipAdana, AtmA saMbaMdhI tamAma viSaya diye haiN| 'joisiya' (jyotiSa) zabda para jambUdvIpa meM rahe hue caMdra-sUrya kI saMkhyA / saMsAra meM eka hI caMdra va eka hI sUrya hai aisA nahIM hai| jitane sUrya va caMdra meM unakI saMkhyA, unakI kitanI paMktiyAM haiM aura kisa taraha sthita haiM. caMdra Adi ke bhramaNa kA svarUpa, unake maMDala, caMdra se caMdra kA, sUrya se sUrya kA kitanA 2 aMtara hai yaha bhI acchI taraha pratipAdita kiyA hai| ' jhANa' (dhyAna ) zabda para dhyAna kA mahatva, isake bheda, dhyAna ke Asana aura dhyAna mokSa kA kAraNa hai yaha acchI taraha samajhAyA hai| 'ThiI' (sthiti) zabda para devatA, manuSya, tica, nArakI jIvoM kI sthiti samajhAI hai| isake sivAya pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu, vanaspati ina sabakI kitanI 2 sthiti haiM tathA jalacara, sthalacara, nabhacara Adi jIvoM kI kitanI 2 sthiti haiM ina saba viSayoM para vistArapUrvaka prakAza DAlA hai| 'Nakkhatta ' (nakSatra) zabda para nakSatroM kI saMkhyA, ina kI kAryagati, caMdranakSatrayoga, kaunasA nakSatra kitane tArAvAlA hai, nakSatroM ke devatA, amAvasyA meM caMdranakSatrayoga Adi viSaya diye haiN| 'NammokAra ' ( namaskAra ) zabda para namaskAra kI vyAkhyA, namaskAra ke bheda, siddhanamaskAra, namaskAra kA krama Adi aneka dekhane yogya viSaya diye haiN| 'Naya ' (naya ) zabda para naya kA lakSaNa, saptabhaGgI, vastu kA anaMta dharmAtmakatva, nayapramANazuddhi Adi diye haiM / dravyArthika naya aura paryAyArthika naya ke madhya meM naigamAdi nayoM kA aMtarbhAva, naigamAdi 7 mUla naya haiM ina kA saMgraha / 'siddhasena divAkara ' ke kathanAnusAra 6 naya, 700 naya, kauna darzana kisa naya se utpanna huA isa kA suMdara vizleSaNa Adi aneka viSayoM para suMdara vivecana diyA hai|
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________________ zrI abhidhAna rAjendra koza aura usake karttA / 53 raga' (naraka) zabda para naraka kI vyAkhyA, meda, naraka ke duHkhoM kA varNana, naraka ke aneka prakAra ke svarUpa Adi diye haiM / 6 " tapasa ' ( tapa ) zabda para tapasyA kyA cIja hai, anazanatrata tapa kaise hotA hai / bAla aura AbhyaMtara tapa para vivecana, tapa kisa prakAra karanA cAhiye isa para acchA prakAza hai / ' titthayara ' ( tIrthaMkara ) zabda para tIrthaMkara kI vyutpatti aura isakA vivecana diyA hai| tIrthakaroM ke atizaya, tIrthaMkaroM ke aMtara, tIrthaMkaroM ke Adeza, Avazyaka Adi diye haiM / tIrthaMkaro ke iMdroM dvArA kiye gaye utsava Adi kA varNana suMdara DhaMga se diyA hai / tIrthaMkara nAma, cakravartI, baladeva, vAsudeva, prativAsudeva, tIrthotpatti, dIkSAkAla Adi diye haiM / tIrthakaroM ke pUrva bhavoM kA varNana, zrAvaka - saMkhyA, gaNadharoM kI saMkhyA, muniyoM kI saMkhyA Adi viSayoM para suMdara vivecana kiyA hai / " dhamma ' ( dharma ) zabda para dharma zabda kI vyAkhyA, lakSaNa, vyutpatti, dharma ke medaprameda, dharma ke cinha, dharmAdhikArI, dharmarakSaka, dharmopadeza kA vistAra Adi suMdara rUpa se viSaya kA pratipAdana kiyA hai / isa cauthe bhAga meM aneka zabdoM para kathA yA upakathAyeM Adi bhI dI haiM jisase viSaya kA pratipAdana Adi acche DhaMga se ho gayA hai / abhidhAna rAjendra koSa kA pAMcavA bhAga | pAMcaveM bhAga kA prAraMbha 'pa' akSara se kiyA gayA hai aura 'moha' isa zabda para pAMcaveM bhAga kI parisamApti huI hai / isa bhAga meM 1627 pRSThasaMkhyA hai / isa bhAga meM pa, pha, ba aura bha kevala ina cAra akSaroM ke zabdoM para hI pUrA vivecana kiyA hai jisameM 'pa akSara se prAraMbha honevAle zabdoM para 1140 pRSThoM meM vistAra rUpa se " prakAza DAlA hai / aba isa bhAga meM pradhAna viSayoM para jo vivecana kiyA hai una zabdoM kA kucha 2 varNana nIce diyA jA rahA hai tAki isa bhAga kI jAnakArI meM pAThakoM ko saralatA mila jAya: - , paccakkhANa ( pratyAkhyAna ) ina zabda para ahiMsA Adi daza pratyAkhyAnoM para suMdara vistAra, pratyAkhyAnoM kI vidhi, dAnavidhi, pratyAkhyAnazuddhi, pratyAkhyAnoM kI chaH vidhi, jJAnazuddhi, zrAvaka kA pratikramaNa, pratyAkhyAna kA phala Adi aneka viSaya pratipAdita kiye haiM / 6
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pretha pacchitta ' ( prAyazcita ) isa zabda para prAyazcita kA artha, prAyazcita se AtmA ko kyA lAbha hotA hai ! bhAva se prAyazcita kisako hotA hai ! AlocanAdi dasa prakAra ke pratisevanA prAyazcita, prAyazcita dene ke yogya sabhA, vyakti, daNDAnurUpa prAyazcita, prAyazcita dAnavidhi, AlocanA ko suna kara prAyazcita denA, prAyazcita kA kAla Adi bAtoM para mArmika DhaMga se vistAra hai| ___ 'pajjusaNAkalpa ' ( pardUSaNAkalpa ) isa zabda para payUSaNa para pUrNa vivecana, kaba karanA, kisa taraha karanA, bhAdavA sudI pAMcama para apane vicAra, graMthoM kI mAnyatA, sAdhuoM saMbaMdhI mArgadarzana, kezaluMcana Adi viSayoM para prakAza DAlA hai| 'paDikkamaNa ' ( pratikramaNa ) isa zabda para pratikramaNa zabda kA artha, vivecana, pratikramaNa ke lAbha, nAma sthApanA pratikramaNa, rAtri, devasika, pAkSika, caumAsika aura sAMvatsarika ina pAMcoM pratikramaNoM para acchA vivecana diyA hai| zrAvaka ke pratikramaNa meM vidhi ityAdi bahuta viSaya haiN| 'pavajjA' (pravrajyA-dIkSA ) isa zabda para pravrajyA zabda kA artha, vyutpatti, dIkSA kA tatva, kisase kisako dIkSA denA, dIkSA kI pAtratA, kisa nakSatra aura kisa tithi meM dIkSA lenA, dIkSA meM apekSya vastu, dIkSA meM anurAga, suMdara guruyoga, samavasaraNa meM vidhi, dIkSA samAcArI, dIkSA kisa prakAra se denA, caityavaMdana, dIkSA meM grahaNa sUtra, usake pAlana meM sUtra, guru se apanA nivedana, dIkSA kI praMzasA, dIkSA-phala, aisA upadeza denA jisase anya bhI dIkSA ke liye taiyAra ho jAya, gyAraha guNoM se yukta zrAvaka ko dIkSA denA, napuMsaka Adi ko dIkSA nahIM denA ityAdi dIkSA saMbaMdhI saba viSaya pUrNa rUpa se vistArapUrvaka dikhalAyA hai| 'poggala ' (pudgala ) zabda para pudgala kI vyutpatti, artha, lakSaNa, paramANu, Apasa meM aMtara Adi acchA vivecana diyA hai| 'baMdha ' ( baMdhana ) zabda para baMdha-mokSasiddhi, baMdha ke bheda, prabheda, baMdha meM modaka kA dRSTAnta, jJAnAvaraNAdi ATha karmoM ke baMdha kA suMdara vivecana diyA hai| 'bharaha ' ( bharata ) isa zabda para bharatavarSa ke svarUpa kA varNana, dakSiNArddhabharata ke svarUpa kA varNana, vahAM ke manuSyoM ke svarUpa kA varNana isa prakAra bhUgoLa saMbaMdhI viSaya kathA Adi dI hai| ___ pAMcaveM bhAga meM aneka zabdoM para kathA aura upakathAyeM Adi bhI dI haiM jisase pAThakoM ko isa graMtha ke paThana-pAThana meM ati saralatA prApta ho /
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________________ zrI abhidhAna rAjendra koza aura usake kartA / abhidhAna rAjendra koSa kA chaThA bhaag| yaha abhidhAna rAjendra koSa kA chaTThA bhAga 'ma' akSara se prAraMbha huA hai aura 'vyAsu ' isa zabda para isa bhAga kI parisamApti huI hai| isa bhAga meM 1465 pRSTha haiN| isa bhAga meM ma, ra, la, va kevala ina cAra akSaroM ke zabdoM para hI pUrA vistAra kiyA hai| jisameM va akSara se prAraMbha honevAle zabdoM para to 708 pRSThoM meM zabdoM kA varNana kiyA hai| ____ aba isa bhAga meM jina 2 zabdoM ke viSayoM para vizeSa rUpa se prakAza DAlA gayA hai una viSayoM kA saMkSipta sAra nIce diyA jArahA hai jisase isa bhAga kI mAhitI meM adhika saralatA prApta ho| 'magga ' ( mArga ) isa zabda para mArga ke do bheda dravyastava aura bhAvastava, mArga kA nikSepa, mArga ke svarUpa kA vivecana Adi aneka viSaya diye haiN| 'maraNa ' ( mRtyu ) mRtyu ke bheda, maraNa kI vidhi, akAma maraNa, sakAma maraNa, bAlamaraNa vimokSAdhyayanokta maraNa vidhi Adi diye haiN| 'malli ' ( mallinAtha ) isa zabda se unnIsaveM tIrthaMkara zrImallinAtha bhagavAna ke pUrva va tIrthakara-bhava kA savistAra acchA varNana kiyA hai / 'moksa ' ( mokSa ) isa zabda para mokSa kI siddhi, nirvANa kI sattA hai yA nahIM isakI siddhi, mokSa, jJAna aura kriyA se hI milatA hai, dharmAcaraNa karane kA phala mokSa hI hai. mokSa para anya darzanArthiyoM kI mAnyatAeM, strI mokSa meM jAsakatI hai isakA vivecana, mokSa ke kyA 2 upAya haiM Adi viSayoM para bahuta vistArapUrvaka prakAza DAlA hai / 'raoharaNa ' ( rajoharaNa ) isa zabda para dikhAyA gayA hai ki rajoharaNa kyA cIja hai, isakA kyA upabhoga hai, isakI kyA vyutpatti hai, carmacakSuvAle jIvoM ko sUkSma jIva naz2ara nahIM A sakate haiM isaliye unheM rajoharaNa dhAraNa karanA caahiye| isake pramANa Adi viSaya kA vivecana hai| 'rAibhoyana' (rAtribhojana) iza zabda para rAtribhojana kA tyAga, rAtribhojana karane. vAlA anudghAtika hai, rAtribhojana ke cAra prakAra, rAtribhojana kA prAyazcita, auSadhi ke rAtri meM lene ke vicAra Adi viSaya diye haiN| __ 'lessA ' ( lezyA) isa zabda para lezyA kA svarUpa, lezyA ke bheda, kauna lezyA kitane jJAnoM meM milatI hai, lezyA kisa varNa se sAbita hotI hai, manuSyoM kI lezyA, lezyAoM meM guNasthAnaka, dharmadhvaniyoM ke lezyA Adi kA varNana hai|
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-preya 'vattha ' ( vastra ) isa zabda para nigranthiyoM ke vastra lene ke prakAra, kitanI pratimA se vastra kA gaveSaNa karanA, varSAkAla meM vastra lene para vicAra, AcArya kI anujJA se hI sAdhu yA sAdhvI ko vastra lenA cAhiye, vastra kA pramANa, vastroM ke raMgane kA niSedha, vastra ke sIne para vicAra, vasoM ke saMbaMdha meM aura bhI kaI taraha se vicAra kiyA gayA hai| 'vasahiM ' ( nivAsa ) isa zabda para sAdhuoM ko kisa prakAra ke upAzraya meM rahanA cAhiye / muni ke liye doSarahita upAzraya honA cAhiye, avidhi se upAzraya ke pramArjana meM doSa, muniyoM ko kina 2 sthAnoM para nivAsa karanA cAhiye isake saMbaMdha meM bahuta hI suMdara vivecana kiyA hai| 'vihAra ' ( vicaraNa ) isa zabda para AcArya aura upAdhyAya ke ekAkI vihAra karane kA niSedha, kinake sAtha vihAra karanA aura kinake sAtha nahIM karanA isakA vivecana, varSAkAla meM vihAra para vicAra va niSedha, nadI ke pAra jAne meM vidhi, sAdhu-sAdhiyoM kA rAtri meM yA vikAla meM vihAra karane kA vicAra ityAdi viSayoM para prakAza DAlA hai| isa bhAga meM jina jina zabdoM para kathA upakathAeM AI haiM unakA bhI acchI taraha vivecana kiyA hai| abhidhAna rAjendra koSa kA sAtavAM bhAma / abhidhAna rAjendra koSa kA yaha aMtima sAtavAM bhAga hai / isa bhAga meM 'za' isa akSara se zabdoM kA varNana zurU huA hai aura 'ha' isa zabda para samApta huA hai| isa bhAga meM 1251 pRSTha haiN| isa bhAga meM za, Sa, sa aura ha ina vAra akSaroM ke zabdoM para hI kevala mAtra vivecana kiyA hai jisameM 'sa' isa akSara para se prAraMbha honevAle zabdoM para to 1169 pRSThoM meM varNana hai| isa bhAga meM jina 2 zabdoM para Avazyaka viSayoM kA suMdara vivecana kiyA hai una 2 zabdoM kI thor3I 2 sI mAhitI yahAM dI jArahI hai tAki isa bhAga kI saMkSipta jAnakArI kI jA ske| 'saMthAra ' ( saMsAra ) isa zabda para saMsAra kI vyagradazA, saMsAra kI asAra avasthA, saMsAra meM manuSya apane jIvana ko kisa prakAra durvyavasthA se vyatIta karatA hai Adi acchA vivecana diyA hai| 'saka' (zaka ) iMdra kI Rddhi, sthAna, vikurvaNA aura pUrvabhava, inakA vimAna, iMdra kisa bhASA meM bolate haiM isakA acchI taraha vivecana kiyA hai|
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________________ zrI abhidhAna rAjendra koza aura usake kartA / 'sajjhAya ' ( svAdhyAya ) zabda kA svarUpa, svAdhyAyakAla, svAdhyAya vidhi, svAdhyAya ke guNa va lAbha tathA svAdhyAya se kyA siddhi hotI hai acchI taraha digdarzana karAyA hai| saptabhaGgI zabda ke sAta bhAgoM kA vistRta vivecana kiyA hai| ___'seba ' ( zabda ) isa zabda para nirvacana, nAmasthApanAdi bheda se cAra bheda, nityAnityavicAra, zabda kA paudgalikatva, zabda ke dasa bheda, zabda ko AkAza kA guNa mAnane. vAloM kA khaNDana Adi viSayoM para acchI taraha vivecana kiyA hai| . 'sAvaya' (zrAvaka ) isa zabda para zrAvaka kI vyAkhyA, vyutpatti, artha, zrAvaka ke lakSaNa, usakA sAmAnya kartavya, nivAsavidhi, zrAvaka kI dinacaryA, zrAvaka ke 21 guNa Adi para acchA va vistRta prakAza DAlA hai| 'hiMsA' (hiMsA ) isa zabda para hiMsA kA svarUpa, vaidika hiMsA kA khaNDana, jinamaMdira banavAne meM Ate hue doSa kA parihAra Adi viSaya acche rUpa meM pradarzita kiye haiN| isa bhAga meM jina 2 zabdoM para jo 2 kathAyeM upakathAyeM Adi AI haiM unako bhI acchI taraha samajhAkara vizeSa rUpa se diyA gayA haiM tAki pAThakoM ko yaha bhAga samajhane meM saralatA va sulabhatA prApta ho / yahAM abhidhAna rAjendra koSa kI samApti hojAtI hai| aMta meM eka prazasti dI hai jisameM batAyA hai ki isa abhidhAna rAjendra koSa kA nirmANa AcAryapravara zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAjane kiyA hai| isakA prAraMbha siyANA ( mArabADa) meM vikrama saMvat 1946 meM kiyA thA aura sUrata meM vikrama saMvat 1960 meM isako samApta kiyA / upasaMhAra / abhidhAna rAjendra koSa ke nirmAtA AcArya zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajIne apane jIvana meM ghora parizrama kiyA, jisakI kalpanA svapna meM bhI sAkAra rUpa nahIM le sktii| inhoMne tamAma zAstroM kA hara eka viSaya kA nicor3a isameM bhara diyA hai| jisa kisIko koI bhI viSaya dhArmika, dArzanika jaina siddhAnta saMbaMdhI dekhanA ho vaha abhidhAna rAjendra ko uThAkara dekhe to use saba vastueM bahuta hI kama samaya meM eka jagaha mila skeNgii| pratyeka viSaya ko acchI taraha zAstroM ke dvArA, yuktiyoM ke dvArA, siddhAntoM ke dvArA samajhAne kA pUrA 2 prayatna kiyA hai / isa abhidhAna rAjendra ke saMbaMdha meM yadi yoM kahA jAya ki -- gAgara meM sAgara' bhara diyA hai to bhI koI atizayokti nahIM hogii| apanA pratidina kA pUrA 2 kArya, samAja kA kArya, vihArAdi karate hue bhI kevala mAtra caudaha varSa meM itanA kArya kara jAnA devazakti
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha rUpa hI mAnA jA sakatA hai| unake vidvAn ziSyoMne unakI isa kRti ko ghora parizrama karake saMsAra ke sAmane upasthita kiyA yaha eka bar3A bhArI upakAra kiyA hai| yadi ve apane kaMdhoM para isa bhAra ko na uThAte to yaha kRti aura zrIrAjendrasUrijI kA caudaha varSa kA agAdha parizrama vyartha calA jAtA aura yaha racanA kevala mAtra dImakoM ke upayoga meM AtI yA patthara athavA lakar3I ke kapAToM ko suzobhita karatI / itane bar3e grantha ko uThAkara dekhane meM bhI upekSA buddhi rahatI / saMsAra ke vidvAn jo isa graMtha se Aja lAbha uThA rahe haiM ve vaMcita raha jAte / pazcimadezIya vidvAn isa graMtha ko dekhakara dAMtoM tale aGgulI dabAM jAte haiM aura kahate haiM ki bhAratavarSa meM dhArmika aura AdhyAtmika vidvAnoM kI khAneM haiM jinameM se prati yuga meM acche 2 maulika vidvAn , dArzanika, saiddhAntika, rAjanaitika yugapuruSa nikalate rahate haiM aura bhArata kA nAma prajvalita karate rahate haiN| unhIM yugapuruSoM meM zrIrAjendrasUrijI kA nAma bhI liyA jA rahA hai / isa abhidhAna rAjendra koSa ke saMbaMdha meM saMsAra ke vidvAnoM kI kyA sammatiyAM haiM ve isI smAraka-graMtha meM anyatra dI gaI haiN| unase Apako khUba acchI taraha vizvAsa ho jAyagA ki zrIrAjendrasUrIzvarajI apane samaya ke kauna aura kyA the ! aura unhoMne kyA kiyA !
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________________ zrI gurudeva ke camatkArI saMsmaraNa / [ AcArya zrImadvijayayatIndrasUrIzvarajI ] AyAvayAhI cayasogamalaM, kAme kamAhi kamiyaM khu dukkhaM / chiMdAhi dosaM viNaeja rAgaM, evaM suhI hohisi saMparAe // 4 // - dazavaikAlika sUtra ke dvitIya adhyayana meM kahA hai ki sAdhuo ! yadi sAMsArika duHkho se chuTakArA pAnA ho to AtApanA lo, sukumAritA ko chor3o, cittase viSaya-vAsanAoM ko haTA do, vaira-virodha aura prema-rAga ko alaga kara do| isa prakAra kI sAdhanA karate rahane se sarva duHkhoM kA anta ho kara akSaya sukha prApta hogA / AyAvayati gimhesu, hemaMtesu avAur3A / vAsAsu paDilINA, saMjayA susamAhiA / / 12 // - dazavaikAlika sUtra ke tIsare adhyayana meM kahA hai ki jo sAdhu grISmakAla meM AtApanA lete haiM, zItakAla meM ughAr3e zarIra nadI, tAlAba yA jaMgala ke kinAre khar3e raha kara kAyotsarga dhyAna karate haiM aura varSAkAla meM sthiravAsa karake vividha tapasyA aura svAdhyAyadhyAna se indriyoM kA damana karate haiM, ve sAdhu apane saMyamadharma evaM jJAnAdi guNoM kI bhale prakAra surakSA kara sakate haiM / siddhAMtokta isa AjJA ke anusAra prAtaHsmaraNIya - zrImadvijaya rAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAjane kriyoddhAra karane ke pazcAt aise ghora abhigraha dhAraNa kiye jinakI pUrti meM Apako kabhI cAra, kabhI chaH, kabhI sAta dina taka nirAhAra rahanA par3atA thA / isI prakAra prati cAturmAsa meM ekAntara covihAra upavAsa, tInoM cAturmAsI caturdazI kA belA, saMvatsarI evaM dIpamAlikA kA telA, bar3e kalpa kA belA, pratimAsa kI sudi 10 kA ekAsanA, caitrI aura AzvinI navapada oliyoM ke Apa AyaMbila - tapa AcaraNa karate the / yaha tapazcaraNa - kriyA ApakI jIvana paryaMta rahI thii| Apane mAMgItuMgI - parvata ke bihar3a sthAnoM meM chaH mAsa kAyo - tsarga meM raha kara ATha-ATha upavAsoM kI tapasyA se sUrimaMtra kA jApa kiyA thA jo sAmAnya vyaktiyoM ke liye bar3A kaThina kAma thA / kavi mizrImalajI vakIlane svaracita hindI - padyamaya jIvanI meM ApakA eka prasaMga citrita kiyA hai ki ( 2 )
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha " cAmuNDa vana meM dhyAna meM ye lIna the bhagavAna ke, taba eka Akara duSTane mAre inheM zara tAna ke / una tIra meM se eka bhI ina ke na jA tana se ar3A, kara jor3a ulaTA nIca vaha ina ke padoM meM gira par3A // " " daur3A acAnaka cora inako mArane asi se vhiiN| para gira par3A vaha vIca meM hI, jA sakA ina taka nahIM / / jaba cetanA AI use, jA pA~va meM inake giraa|| 'hogA na aisA aura aba'-vaha yaha pratijJA kara phirA // " cAmuNDavana mAravAr3a meM jAlora-prAnta ke modarA grAma ke samIpa hai| isameM cAmuNDA. devI kA devala hone se yaha usake nAma se hI prakhyAta hai / isameM pahale saghana evaM bIhar3a jhAr3I thI, jisameM coroM evaM hiMsaka jaMtuoM kA bhArI bhaya thaa| gurudeva isI vana meM ATha-ATha upavAsoM kI tapasyA karate hue padmAsana se prabhudhyAna meM magna the / usa samaya kisI duSTane mArane ke liye ina para tIra pheMke, parantu eka bhI tIra ina ke zarIra kA sparza nahIM kara skaa| basa, vaha duSTa ulaTA kSamA mAMga kara calA gyaa| yahIM para koI taskara hAtha meM talavAra lekara Apako mArane ke liye daur3A, parantu vaha Apa ke pAsa nahIM pahuMca pAyA, bIca meM hI mUrchA khA kara gira par3A / kucha cetanA AI taba gurudeva ke caraNoM meM Akara usane kSamA prArthanA kI aura bhaviSya meM aisA ghAtakI kAma kabhI nahIM karUMgA aisI pratijJA lekara vaha vahA~ se apane ghara gyaa| ___ gurudeva kaI dinoM taka uSNakAla meM Aga ke samAna tapI huI parvata kI zilAoM aura nadI, nAloM kI reta para AtApanA lete the| zItakAla meM asahya ThaMDa meM nama zarIra nadI yA tAlAba ke taTa para athavA jaMgala meM vRkSatale khar3e-khar3e kAyotsargadhyAna karate the / varSAkAla meM svAdhyAya--dhyAna aura tapasyA meM nirata raha kara indriya damana karate the / pratidina saMdhyA pratikramaNa ke anantara rAtri meM 12 baje se 3 // baje taka Asana lagA kara binA kisI vyagratA ke prabhu ke dhyAna meM magna rahate the / ataH eva sahaja patA laga sakatA hai ki ApakA Atma-bala, tapazcaraNa evaM samAdhiyoga kitanA prabala aura kitanA dRr3ha thaa| isa prakAra kI Atma-sAdhanA karanevAlI AtmA saMsAra meM virala hI pAI jAtI hai / isa dhyAna-samAdhi meM Apako kaI bhAvI ghaTanAoM kA vizada bhAna bhI ho AtA thA / unameM kI kucha ghaTanAe~ digdarzanamAtra ke liye yahA~ ullikhita kI jAtI haiM jo pUrNataH satya haiN|
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________________ zrI gurudeva ke camatkArI saMsmaraNa / - 1-saM0 1940 ke mAgha meM gurudeva kA virAjanA ahamadAbAda meM tripoliyA daravAjA ke bAhara haThIbhAI kI bAr3I ke upAzraya meM thA, vahA~ nizi-dhyAna meM Apa ko ratanapolavAlI nagarazeTha kI satakhaNDI havelI meM agni-prakopa kA khar3A honA dikhAI diyA aura ratanapola kI zeThamArkeTa jalatI-jalatI vAghanapola ke bAjU para mahAvIra-jinAlaya ke pAsa jAkara zAMta huii| prAtaHkAla Apa bAr3I se nikala kara zahara meM pAMjarApola ke upAzraya meM padhAra gye| zeThiyAoMne vahA~ padhArane kA kAraNa puuchaa| Apane apane dhyAna meM agni-prakopa kA jo dRzya dekhA thA usako kaha sunAyA / basa Apa ke kathanAnusAra hI nagarazeTha kI havelI se agni kA bhayaMkara prakopa khar3A huA aura sArI ratanapola, zeThamArakITa aura vAghanapola jala kara bhasma ho gaIM / yaha Aga kA prakopa itanA bhayaMkara thA ki ati kaThinAI se zAMta kiyA gayA thA / Aja bhI ahamadAbAda meM yaha havelI 'balelI havelI ' ke nAma se prakhyAta hai| vAghanapola ke nAke para zrI mahAvIrasvAmI kA mandira hai| yaha nagarazeTha kA mandira kahA jAtA hai / jalane ke bhaya se isa meM se mahAvIra prabhu Adi kI mUrtiyA~ uThAlI gaI thiiN| una pratimAoM ko phira se sthApana karane ke liye AtmArAmajI-vijayAnandasUrijI ke pAsa zeThiyAoMne muhUrta niklvaayaa| vaha muhUrta-patra zeThiyAoMne gurudeva ko bhI batAyA / use bhalIvidha dekha kara Apane kahA ki yaha muhUrta acchA nahIM hai| isameM bar3A bhArI doSa yaha hai ki mUlanAyaka vIra prabhu ko sthApana karanevAlA vyakti chaH mAsa meM mRtyu ko prApta hogaa| yaha bAta AtmArAmajI aura zeThiyAoMne lakSya meM na lekara mUrtiyoM ko sthApana kara dI / Akhira gurudeva ke kathanAnusAra pratiSThA-utsava meM aneka vighna hone ke sAtha pratimA sthApana karanevAlA chaH mAsa meM hI mRtyu ko prApta ho gyaa| Apa ke kathana kI satyatA kA bhAna logoM ko taba huaa| 2-sirohI ( rAjasthAna ) ke nagara zivagaMja meM meghAjI motIjI aura vanAjI motIjI ke nirmANa karAye hue AdinAtha aura ajitanAtha ke jinAlayoM ke liye aura bAhara grAmoM ke liye 250 jina-bimboM kI prANa-pratiSThA karane kA zubha muhUrta saM0 1945 mAgha sudi 5 kA gurudevane nizcita kiyA thaa| tadanusAra samaya para vizAla maMDapa Adi tathA prANa-pratiSThA ke yogya samasta sAmagrI taiyAra kI gaI aura gurudeva kI tatvAvadhAnatA meM hI 10 dinAvadhika utsava prArambha huaa| cAroM ora se darzakagaNa bhI upasthita hue / pratidina kA kriyAvidhAna bhI sAnanda cAlU huaa| isa samaya irSyA se kisI yatine salagatA huA palItA maMDapa ke upara pheMkA, usase maMDapa ko to kucha bhI hAni nahIM huI aura ulTA palitAne pheMkanevAle yati ke kapar3oM ko hI jalA diyA aura Age phira aniSTa karatA --sA dikhAI diyA / upa
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pratha sthita logoMne yatiko dhikkArA / anta meM vaha yati gurudeva ke caraNoM meM par3A taba kahIM palitA se usakA chuTakArA huaa| gurudeva ke jyotiSa-jJAna kA to isa se paricaya prApta hotA hI hai| sAtha hI unakA bar3hA huA maMtra-bala bhI isa ghaTanA se samajha meM A jAtA hai| ___3-saM0 1951 kI caitrI oliyoM meM munimaMDalasaha gurudeva dhAra-jile ke kukSI nagara meM virAjamAna the| dhyAnacaryA meM Apako jJAta huA ki vaizAkha vadi 7 ke roja aMbArAma brAhmaNa ke ghara se agni uTha kara kukSI ke 1500 gharoM ko jalA ddaalegii| prAta:samaya jaba mANakacandajI, caudharI DUMgaracandajI, jAlorI rAyacandajI Adi agrasara zrAvaka Apa ke darzanArtha Aye, una se Apane kahA-" kucha dinoM ke pazcAt kukSI meM Aga lagegI jo sahaja bujhAI nahIM jA skegii|" kucha bhAvukoMne apanA mAla-asabAba grAmAntara pahuMcA diyaa| gurudeva kukSI se vihAra kara rAjagar3ha padhAra gye| gurudeva uparokta tithi ko jaba dhyAna meM baiThe hue the, unheM dhyAna meM hI kukSI jalatI huI dikhAI pdd'ii| darzanArtha Aye hue cunnIlAlajI khajAcI se Apane yaha samasta vRttAnta kaha diyaa| jaba tAra se samAcAra maMgavAye gaye to jJAta huA ki 'vaizAkha vadi 7 ko madhyAnha se cAra baje taka kukSI meM 1500 ghara jala kara bhasma ho gaye aura 25 lAkha rUpayoM kI hAni huI / astu / bAta satya nikalI aura guruvacanoM ke vizvAsa para jo loga rahe unakA saba mAla baca gayA / 4-dhAra-jilA ke bar3Ikar3oda gA~va meM zeTha khetAjI varadAjI udayacandajIne eka bhavya jinAlaya banavAyA thaa| usake liye gurudevane vAsupUjya Adi ke jina-bimboMkI aMjanazalAkA evaM pratiSThA kA muhUrta saM0 1953 vaizAkha sudi 7 kA niyata kiyA thaa| ApakI adhyakSatA meM usakA dazadinAvadhika utsava aura pratidina kA vidhividhAna Arambha huaa| bhArI samAroha se kArya sAnanda ho rahA thaa| akasmAt coroM kI dhAr3ane zeTha ke yahA~ se 70-80 hajAra kA mAla lUTA aura palAyana ho gaye / raMga meM bhaMga ho gayA / zeTha udayacandajI bhArI cintA se ghira gaye / Apane kahA,-" zeTha ! koI cintA na kariye, car3hate bhAva se pratiSThA-kArya ko saMpanna kariye / dharma kA prabhAva mahAn hai, usake prabhAva se saba mAla punaH prApta ho jaaygaa|" zeThane pratiSThA-kArya ati sarAhanIya rUpa se saMpanna kraayaa| jinabimboM ko jinAlaya meM sthApana kiye aura bRhacchAntisnAtrapUjA bhaNavA kara usake maMtra-pUta jala kI dhArA gA~va ke cAroM ora dekara utsava paripUrNa kiyA / idhara dhAra se eka ghur3asavArane Akara kahA ki zeTha Apa kA jo mAla gayA thA vaha saba pakar3A gayA hai,
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________________ Ahora, zrIgaur3IpArzvanAtha maMdirastha mUlanAyaka zrI pArzvanAtha pratimA. vi. 12-13 zatI.
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________________ zrImad gurudeva ke upadeza se nirmita evaM vi. saM. 1955 meM pratiSThita 951 jina viboM kI aMjanazalAkAsaha zrI gaur3IpArzvanAtha vizAla evaM uttuMga bAvana-jinAlaNa, Ahora ( mAravAr3a-rAjasthAna) saMsukha evaM bahira dRzya.
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________________ zrI gurudeva ke camatkArI saMsmaraNa / Apa dhAra caliye / zeTha dhAra gaye aura sabhI mAla jyoM kA tyoM lekara ghara Aye / yaha hai acche muhUrta kA evaM vAstavika guruzraddhA kA pariNAma / 5-madhyabhArata-dhAra-jile ke rAjagar3ha meM zAMtinAthajI ke ghara-jinAlaya meM pratimAsthApana kA muhUrta gurudevane saM0 1954 mArgazira sudi 10 kA diyA thaa| kAryArambha cAlU huA, cAroM ora se darzaka gaNa Aye aura vidhi-vidhAna sAnanda cAlU ho gayA / . yaha utsava yahA~ ke kucha andhadveSapriya jainoM ko bahuta akharA / unhoMne isako rokane ke liye pulisa aura daMDAbAjI kA Azraya liyaa| gurudevane saba ko cetAyA ki kisI ko eka pAI dene kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai aura na Darane kii| muhUrta kA samaya Ane ke pahale hI yaha sabhI upadrava apane Apa zAMta ho jAyagA / huA bhI aisA hii| nirdhArita muhUrta para sabhI virodhI loga anukUla ho gaye aura pratiSThAkArya zAMti ke sAtha nirvighna saMpanna ho gayA / 6-mAravAr3a-rAjasthAna meM Ahoranagara ke bAhara pazcima udyAna meM zrIgor3IpArzvanAtha kA uttuMga aura bhArI vizAla zikharabaddha jina-mandira hai-jisake mUlanAyaka bhagavAn bar3e prabhAva. zAlI aura camatkArI haiN| isake cAroM ora sthAnIya saMghane 52 devakulikAe~ sazikhara naI banavAI thiiN| isake pravezadvAra ke bAMye tarapha bhagavAn vIraprabhu kA trizikharI ArasapASANa kA jinAlaya hai jo bahuta hI sundara evaM darzanIya hai| ina devakulikAoM aura jinAlaya meM sthApana karane tathA AvazyakatA ke samaya anya grAmoM ke saMghoM ko dene ke liye nUtana 150 jinabimboM kI aMjanazalAkA ke nimitta AhorazrIsaudharmabRhattapAgacchIya saMghane gurudeva se saM0 1955 phAlguna vadi 5 guruvAra kA zubha muhUrta niyata krvaayaa| vizAla darzanIya maMDapa aura prANa-pratiSThA yogya samasta sAmagrI juTa jAne ke evaM sarvatra kuMkuMpatrikAe~ vitaraNa ho jAne ke pazcAt zubhakArI muhUrta meM hI dazadinAvadhika mahotsava gurudeva kI tattvAvadhAnatA meM prAraMbha huaa| pratidina kA kriyA-vidhAna bar3I sAvadhAnI se hone lagA aura bhArI julUza ke sAtha varaghor3e nikalane lge| ___mAravADa meM saiMkar3oM varSoM ke pazcAt yaha pahalA hI itanA bar3A prANa-pratiSThotsava thA / ataH eva ise dekhane ke liye 35 hajAra ke uparAnta jaina janatA upasthita huI / yaha utsava nirvighna, sarAhanIya aura baDe hI darzanIya DhaMga se saMpanna huA thA jisakA varNana lekhinI se nahIM likhA jA sakatA / kisI ko kisI taraha kA na kaSTa huA, na kisI kI vastu corI gaI aura guma hI huii| isa prakAra yaha prANa-pratiSThA bhArI utsAha evaM zAMti se huii| nirdhArita muhUrta lamAMza meM gurudevane saba biMboM kI aMjanazalAkA karake unako yathAsthAna birAjamAna karavAyIM aura
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka - graMtha devakulikAdi ke Upara daNDadhvaja evaM svarNakalaza - samAropaNa karavAye / anta meM zAMti ke nimitta bRhacchAntisnAtra pUjA bhaNA kara usake abhimaMtrita jala kI grAma ke cAroM ora dhArA dilA kara utsava ko paripUrNa kiyA / 64 "" Ahora ke pUnamiyA - - gaccha ke logoMne bhI zrI RSabha - jinAlaya ke liye kucha naye jinabiMboM kI aMjanazalAkA karAne kA kAryakrama ukta muhUrtta meM hI khar3A kiyA thA aura vidhi - vidhAna karAne ke liye pralobhana dekara jayapura se jinamuktisUrijI zrIpUjya ko lAye the / gurudevane una zrI pUjya ko bulAkara cetAyA ki " RSabhadeva kA mandira uttarAbhimukha hai / phA0 ba0 5 kA muhUrta usakI pratiSThA ke liye acchA nahIM hai, sadoSa hai, Apa koI dUsarA muhUrtta nikAla kara yaha kAma karAIye / isa muhUrta meM vighna hai, Age Apa kI yathA icchA / zrI pUjyane kahA, kyA kiyA jAya ? ye loga mAnate hI nahIM haiN| agara aMjanazalAkA nahIM karAI jAya to ThaharI huI hamArI bheMTa- pUjA viphala ho jAya / " astu / aMjanazalAkA huI, usameM aneka upadrava hue aura usake kucha samaya pazcAt hI Ahora meM hI zrIpUjyajI bhI cala base / ve jayapura bhI pahuMca nahIM pAye / isa utsava meM kitanA upadrava huA ! yaha sarvatra prasiddha hai / ThIka hI hai ki (6 1 sajana - kerI sIkhar3I, mAne nahIM pachitAya / zAnaja khove AparI, jaga meM hota haMsAya // 1 // lobha duHkharo mUla hai, yahI anartharo mUla / mAna pAna saba khoIye, aMta dhUlarI dhUla // 2 // 7- saM0 1956 kA comAsA gurudevane zivagaMja meM kiyA thaa| Apa zrAvaNa kRSNA 3 ke dina kI rAtri meM ekAgra dhyAna meM virAjamAna the| usa samaya eka kAlA nAga viSa-vamana evaM phUMphATA karatA huA dikhAI diyA / prAtaHkAla meM Apane apane ziSyoM se kahA ki isa varSa bhayaMkara duSkAla kA par3anA saMbhava hai / bhArata meM hA-hAkAra maca jAvegA aura ghAsa, annAdi kI prApti meM bahuta kaSTa rahegA / usa varSa huA bhI aisA hI / bhArata meM cAroM ora 'chappanIyA duSkAla ' par3a gayA / hajAroM puruSa - strI anna ke abhAva meM, agaNita pazu cAre ke abhAva meM mara gaye / bAgarA ( mAravAr3a ) vAle varjIgajI sadAjIne apane racita ' chappaniyA - duSkAlarA - salokA' meM isa bhayaMkara kAla kA citra isa prakAra citrita kiyA hai mAtA beTAne chor3Ine cAlI, mAlavA kAnIrI vATa nihAlI /
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________________ zrIgurudeva ke camatkArI saMsmaraNa / bApa beTA ne lugAI donuM, chor3I jAvaNa lAgA che chAnuM // 34 // pota potAre peTarI lAgI, berata dhaNIne chor3Ine bhAgI / iNIpare pApI e chappano par3iyo, moTA logAro garvaja galiyo / / 35 / / X X dhenUnI pare te tANIne nAkhe, kuTuMba neha to jarA na rAkhe / bhUkhe maraMtA ne ThaMDe sukAtA, nita nita mare che anna biNa khAtA // 51 // jhAr3anI chAla to utArI lAve, khAMr3I pIsIne anna jyuM khAve | aMte jhAr3onI chAla khuTANI, pUro na male pIvAne pANI // 52 // 65 gurudeva ke samAdhi - dhyAna meM kisI bhA~ti kA daMbha nahIM thA / isI dhyAnabala se unako bhAvI kahane kI zakti prApta huI thiiN| unameM UMce stara kA AdhyAtmika manobala thA / isIse Apa kI saba bAteM satya - satya siddha hotI thIM / gurudeva kA jyotiSa - jJAna bhI TIpanApUratA hI nahIM thA, kintu UMcA anubhavajanya thA / Apa ke diye hue muhUrtta meM kabhI kisI acche se acche jyotiSajJane bhI doSa nahIM nikAle / 8 Apa jAnate haiM ki zera kA nAma sunakara hI manuSyoM kA kalejA kAMpa uThatA hai, jaMgala meM calate samaya manuSyoM ke paira lar3akhar3Ate haiM / eka samaya jAlora ke pahAr3a meM gurudevane apanI sAdhanA pUrNa karane kI tthaanii| bhaktoMne namra nivedana kiyA ki gurudeva ! jisa pahAr3a meM Apa apanI sAdhanA karanA cAhate haiM usameM bahuta bar3A zera rahatA hai, ataH Apa apanI sAdhanA ke liye anya sthAna nizcita kareM / gurudevazrIne pharamAyA ki maiMne apanI sAdhanA ke yogya yahI sthAna cunA hai / Apa nizcita rahIye / gurudeva kI kRpA se hiMsaka zera merI sAdhanA meM kisI bhI prakAra kA vighna nahIM karegA / 1 S
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha bhaktoMne vicAra kiyA ki aba kyA kiyA jAya !, gurudeva apane vacana para dRDha haiN| gurudevane apanI sAdhanA prAraMbha kara hI dI aura kucha dina usI pahAr3I meM rahe / bhaktoM se rahA na gyaa| unhoMne kucha rAjapUtoM ko gupta rUpa se rakSArtha bheje, ve rAtri meM vRkSa ke Upara jAkara baiTha gaye / unhoMne rAtri ke samaya jo kucha dekhA vaha vRttAnta prAtaHkAla jAlora jAkara kaha sunaayaa| kahA ki-gurudeva sAyaMkAla ke samaya dhyAna karate the, rAtri meM zera AyA aura una se kucha dUra donoM paira laMbe kara ke kucha samaya baiTha kara calA gyaa| isa kathana se bhaktoM ke hRdaya gadgad ho gaye aura anya logoM ko bhI bar3A Azcarya huaa| uparyukta camatkArI saMsmaraNoM meM jo bAteM likhI gaI haiM ve eka mAtra gurudeva ke jJAnabala, tapabala, vacanasiddhi evaM unake jyotiSajJAna kI paricAyaka haiM, nahIM ki kisI kI nindA likhane kI tuccha bhAvanAoM se prerita hokara dI gaI haiN| saca to yaha hai ki gurudeva jaise udbhaTa vidvAn ho gaye haiM, vaise hI ve zrI mahAn tapasvI, pUrNa AdhyAtmika aura jyotiSa ke jJAtA the| Apane 25-26 choTI bar3I pratiSThAe~ karavAI aura 2500 ke lagabhaga navIna jinabimboM kI aJjanazalAkAe~ kI thIM; parantu smaraNa nahIM aura nahIM sunA hI gayA ki ApakA koI muhUrta viphala huA ho athavA kisI prakAra kI aMta meM hAni rahI ho / zamityalam / *
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________________ vRddhAvasthA ke prApta tIna citra dAvajaya ACT anAcAya-thIma parIzcarebhyonama zrI vijaya rAjeMdrasUrijI. II zrI vijaya rAjadramUrija tharAda ( uttara-gUjarAta ) vi. saM. 1948. Ahora ( mAravAr3a ) vi. saM. 1955. sUrata, vi. saM. 1959.
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________________ gurudeva kI vizeSatA munirAja zrI lakSmIvijayajI avadyamukte pathi yaH pravartate, pravartayatyanyajanazca nispRhaH / sa eva sevyaH svahitaiSiNA guruH svayaM taraMstArayituM kSamaH param // 1 // -vizva ke pratyeka dharma meM gurupada kA mahatva bar3A bhArI mAnA gayA hai / vastu kA yathArtha jJAna guru ke dvArA hI jAnA jA sakatA hai / isake binA mAnava apane jIvana meM vAstavika saphalatA kI ora kadApi Age nahIM bar3ha sakatA / Adhunika gurupada kA jo mahatva janatA meM ghaTatA sA jArahA hai usakA mukhya kAraNa yahI hai ki gurujana apane gurupada ke uttaradAyitva ko ThIka taraha se nibhAne meM kaTibaddha nahIM dikhAI dete| loka-jIvana meM gurupada dvArA aneka prakAra kI dhArmika, naitika, sAmAjika, rAjakIya sevAe~ yathAsamaya para hotI rahI haiM / usIke phalasvarUpa Aja bhI hamAre sAhitya meM aneka prakAra kI mananIya, AcaraNIya evaM jIvanavikAsa kI zikSAe~ yatra-tatra sarvatra upalabdha hotI rahatI hI haiN| bhArata sadA se tyAga aura vairAgya kA kendrasthAna rahA hai / jitanI bhI vibhUtiyA~ Ajataka saMsAra meM pUjya, vandanIya evaM smaraNIya banI haiM, unake jIvana meM naisargika adhyAtmavAda kUTa-kUTa kara bharA thA / anya dharmoM kI apekSA tyAga aura vairAgya kI jo bhUmikA jaina dharma meM dikhAI detI hai, vaha anyatra usa rUpa meM vikasita na ho sakI / aMtima tIrthaMkara bhagavAn mahAvIra prabhu aura unake zAsana meM gaNadhara bhagavanta evaM mahAn suvihita pUrvAcArya cirasmaraNIya bane haiN| unhIM meM se 20 vIM zatAbdI ke jainAcAryoM meM se zrI saudharmabRhattapogacchIya sarvatantrasvatantra suvihitaziromaNi zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja bhI eka haiN| apanI gurupada kI vizeSatA se ve sadA ke liye saMsAra meM amara evaM amiTa banakara janatA ke liye mAgadarzaka bana cuke haiN| vahI vyakti vAstava meM guru banane kI kSamatA rakha sakate haiM, jinakA jIvana sAMsArika pravRttiyoM se nivRtta ho jAtA hai aura ve sadA hI mAnasika, vAcika, kAyika azubha pravRttiyoM kA nigraha kara zubha yoga meM hI sadA tallIna rahate haiN| isI taraha se apane anuyAyI ko bhI niHspRhabhAva se jinopadiSTa zubha mArga meM bar3hAne ke liye sadA kaTibaddha rahate haiN| (3)
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka - graMtha aise hI gurudeva sva aura para ke jIvana ko saphala banA sakate haiM / ataH apane hita cAhanevAle pratyeka vyakti ko isI prakAra ke guNoM se yuktaM guru kI sevA-zuzrUSA aura bhakti karanI cAhiye / ye uparokta sArI bAteM pUrNatayA gurudeva ke jIvana meM dikhAI detI haiM / tyAga, vairAgya to mAnoM sAkSAt Apake jIvana meM sAkAra - mUrtimanta hokara uddIpta ho uThe the / unake tyAga aura sAdhvAcAra ke kaThina niyamoM kA pAlana dekho ki bar3e-bar3e krUra - hiMsaka bhayAnaka pazu bhI apanI krUravRti ko chor3akara zAnta bana jAte the / phira mAnava ke liye to kahanA hI kyA hai ? " niHspRsya tRNaM jagat " yaha siddhAnta jitanA ucca evaM AdaraNIya hai, utanA hI jIvana meM caritArtha karanA bhI kaThina hai / Apane isa siddhAnta ko to apane jIvana kA mukhya dhyeya hI banA liyA thaa| aura isIko apanAkara anya vastu kI bAta to dUra rahI parantu apane zarIra kA bhI Apako tanika bhI moha na thA / sAMsArika - bhautika padArthoM kI to koI kAmanA hI nahIM thI / vItarAgapraNIta niHspRhabhAva se hI apanI AdhyAtmika ArAmeM Apa sadodyata rahate the / jahA~ jIvana meM zarIra para bhI icchA nahIM rahatI vahIM " kArya sAdhayAmi dehaM pAtayAmi " kA siddhAnta jIvana ke pratyeka raga-raga se pramANita ho uThatA hai / dhanA isI aTalatA para jIvana meM sAdhvAcAra kA jo Adarza mahAn tapasvI gurudevane pAMcaveM Are yA kalikAla meM pratyakSa batalAyA, vaha hama sabhI ke liye bar3e gaurava kI vastu hai / aise mahAn vyakti hI apane jIvana meM dussaha pariSaha evaM kaThinatama tapa-tyAga ke dvArA alaukika vibhUti banate haiM / kahA bhI gayA hai ki dukkarAI karittANaM, dussahAI sahettu ya / her devalosu, kei sijjhanti nIrayA // ( dazavaikAlikasUtram ) kaThina se bhI kaThinatama kAryoM kA AcaraNa karanA, tapa tyAgamaya jIvana ko banAnAyahI jIvana kI sabase bar3I bhArI hetu hai va yahI mAnava jIvana kI eka amogha kasauTI hai / isa kasauTI para kasa jAne ke bAda hI vyakti meM AtmIya prakAza jhalaka uThatA hai / bAIsa prakAra ke duHsaha pariSahoM ko sahana karanA kisI sAmAnya vyakti kA kArya nahIM haiM / vahI apane jIvana meM pariSoM para vijaya pA sakatA hai jisane AtmIya pragati-vidhi ThIka taraha se samajhalI hai / aise mahApuruSoM meM zAstrokta sAdhvAcAra kA yathArtha pAlana karanevAloM meM gurudeva bhI eka haiM jinakA Adarza tapa, tyAga aura niHspRha bhAva janatA ko jIvana vyatIta karane meM bar3A bhArI preraNAdAyI hai / gurudeva kI arddhazatAbdI se unake kAryoM ko smaraNa kara sArI janatA unake Adarzamaya jIvana se apane jIvana ko samunnata banAveM yahI kAmanA hai /
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________________ gurudeva kI yogsiddhi| munirAja zrI harSavijayajI adhyAtmavAda aura yogasiddhi ye bhAratIya dharmoM kI mUla vastu kahI jAya to kisI taraha kI atizayokti nahIM hogI / cirakAla se hI inako dharmakSetra meM pradhAnatA dI gaI hai| sampUrNa yogasiddha vyakti hI apanI jJAnAtmA dvArA carAcara vizva ke padArthoM ko jAna sakatA hai| isI liye isa stara ke jJAna ko hI pUrNatayA jJAna kahA gayA hai, isa se pahile kI avasthAe~ apUrNa hI kahI jAtI haiN| yogazabda 'yujira yoge' isa dhAtu se niSpanna hotA hai| yoga zabda kI vyAkhyAe~ aneka prakAra se apanI-apanI mAnyatAnusAra kI gaI haiN| parantu phira bhI sabhI kI mAnyatA meM yoga zabda kA mUlasvarUpa ekasA hI prApta hotA hai| 'cittavRttinirodho yogaH' isa se yahI matalaba nikalatA hai ki-mAnasika azubha pravRttiyoM kA nigraha karanA hI yoga hai| mAnasika kahane mAtra se svayaM hI vAcika aura kAyika azubha pravRttiyoM kA nigraha karanA siddha ho jAtA hai| jainadarzana meM yoga kA lakSaNa yahI batalAyA hai " kAyavAGmanaH karmayogaH" tattvArthasUtra / AtmA kI mAnasika, vAcika, kAyika kriyA ke dvArA karmoM kA AtmA ke sAtha saMbaMdha honA yoga kahA gayA hai / phira cAhe yogoM meM zubha yA azubha bhAva hoM, azubha yoga tyAjya haiM jaba ki zubha yoga jIvana meM upAdeya mAne gaye haiN| yogasiddha vyakti apanI yaugika kriyA ke dvArA paramAtmapada taka pahu~ca sakatA hai| isa mAnyatA meM kisI taraha kA saMzaya nahIM hai / jJAnAtmA, paramAtmA Adi jo zreNiyA~ dikhAI detI haiM, ve yoga para hI nirbhara haiN| yogasiddha vyakti ke viSaya meM yA unake jIvana meM kaI aneka prakAra kI asaMbhava-AzcaryakArI ghaTanAe~ sunane meM AtI haiN| ve yogasiddhajanya hI rahI huI haiM / phira ve cAhe thor3e yA adhika vismaya se paripUrNa hoN| prastuta arddhazatAbdI mahotsava ke nAyaka yogIrAja prabhu zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAjane apane vizuddha sAdhujIvana meM utkRSTa saMyama ke pAlana se jo adbhuta yogasiddhiyA~ prApta kI haiM unhIM meMse kevala eka saMbaMdhita evaM AzcaryakArI ghaTanA yahAM para batalAnA Avazyaka mAnI gaI hai / yogasiddha vyakti yoga ke prabhAva se apane yogoM meM itanA tanmaya ho jAtA hai ki-bhUta, bhaviSya evaM vartamAnakAlIna sabhI bAtoM ko apane jJAna dvArA jAnane meM samartha (4)
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha bana sakatA hai / gurudevane apane yogabala ke dvArA kaI asaMbhava aura bar3e-bar3e bhArI kAryoM ko bhI sahaja meM kara dikhAe~ haiN| 1-mAlavA-prAnta meM bar3anagara aura khAcarauda ke bIca meM cirolA nAmaka eka gA~va AyA huA hai / kaI varSoM se cirolAvAle osavAloM kA mAlavA-prAntIya osavAla Adi sabhI samAjoMne bahiSkAra kara diyA thA / isakA mukhya kAraNa yaha thA ki pitA aura mAtAne apanI eka hI kanyA kI zAdI karane kA nirNaya, alaga 2 ratalAma aura sItAmaU vAle do alaga 2 varoM ke sAtha kiyA / ThIka samaya para donoM jagaha se vara bar3I dhUmadhAma ke sAtha apanI-apanI barAta sajA kara lagna ke liye aaye| isa taraha se eka hI kanyA ke liye do vara aura unakI barAtoM ko AI huI dekhakara cirolA aura usake samIpavartI paMcoMne yaho nizcaya kiyA ki-mAtAne lar3akI ke vivAha kA jo nizcaya sItAmaUvAle ke sAtha kiyA hai, vahI ho aura anta meM vahI ho kara rahA / isa nirNaya se ratalAmavAloM ko apanA bar3A bhArI apamAna jAna par3A aura unhoMne mAlavA-prAnta kI samAja ko ekatrita kara cirolAvAloM kA sampUrNa bahiSkAra kiyaa| yaha mAmalA itanI ugratA para bar3hane lagA ki cirolAvAle aura unake kucha pakSIya loga sabhI taraha se hatAza hone lage / vivAhAdi saMbandha to dUra rahe parantu inake hAtha kA pAnI pInA bhI bar3A bhArI aparAdha mAnA jAne lgaa| sAre prAnta meM apane isa tiraskAra-jAtibAhara se anta meM cirolAvAloM ko sabhI taraha se bar3I bhArI parezAnI hone lgii| apane aparAdha kI mAphI aura daNDa Adi dekara jAtIya evaM pArasparika saMbandha ke sthApanArtha unhoMne kaI bAra samAja se prArthanA kI parantu usakA pariNAma zUnya hI AyA aura koI bhI ina ko apanAne ke liye kisI taraha se bhI taiyAra nahIM huye| isa viSaya meM bar3e 2 gRhastha, rAjakIya karmacArI, saMta-sAdhu Adine apanA-apanA pUrA parizrama kiyA, parantu phira bhI isa kArya meM unheM kucha bhI saphalatA nahIM milii| isa taraha se yaha viSaya lagabhaga 250 varSa se cala rahA thA aura kisI taraha se bhI koI AzA dRSTigocara nahIM ho rahI thii| pUjya sva0 gurudeva samartha prabhAvaka yogIrAja prabhu zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja usa samaya jaina zAsana meM eka mahAn jainAcArya the| khAcarauda zrIsaMgha ke atyAgraha se apane ziSya parivAra ke sAtha Apa yahA~ cAturmAsa virAjamAna the| usa samaya ApakA alaukika prabhAva aura tapa-tyAga evaM adbhuta yogazakti sarvatra vizruta ho cukI thii| cirolAvAloM ne gurudeva kI sevA meM upasthita hokara vyAkhyAna ke bAda vinamra duHkha bharI prArthanA kI ki he gurudeva ! Apa jaise samartha dharmAcArya evaM yogasiddha Adeya vacanI ke virAjamAna hote hue bhI yadi hamArA punaruddhAra nahIM huA to phira hamArA bhaviSya kisI taraha se sudharane vAlA nahIM hai| ApahI eka hamArA uddhAra karane meM samartha haiN| Apake Adeya aura yogasiddha vacanoM ko koI bhI
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________________ gurudeva kI yogasiddhi kadApi asvIkAra nahIM kregaa| gurudevane kahA ki Apa loga kisI taraha se hatAza na hoM aura ApakA kArya zIghra hI saMpanna hogaa| gurudeva ke isa kathana meM zAsanaprema aura dharmajAgRti bharI bhAvanA ko dekhakara unheM bar3A bhArI saMtoSa huA aura unhoMne kahA ki isa viSaya meM jo mAna, apamAna, daNDa Adi jaisA bhI ApakI AjJA se milegA hama saharSa zirodhArya kreNge| _ gurudeva kI yogazakti aura tapa-tyAgamaya jIvana kA samAja para itanA prabala prabhAva thA ki-jo vyakti kisI taraha bhI lAkha rupaye ke daNDa se aura samAja-paMcoM ke jUte zira para uThAne para bhI mAphI dene ke liye kadApi taiyyAra nahIM the aura isa kArya ko jo asaMbhava hI mAnate the ve hI vyakti gurudeva ke prabhAvazAlI vacanoM aura dharmamarbha kI vyAkhyA se itane AkarSita hue ki unheM Akhira meM apanA nirNaya badalanA hI par3A / phalataH anta meM binA kisI daNDa ke prema evaM svadharmI ke nAte sArI mAlavA-prAntIya samAjane unakA punaruddhAra karake unako pUrvavat apane meM milA liyaa| yaha gurudeva ke Adeya vacana aura unakI alaukika tapa-tyAgamaya Adarza jIvana kA hI udAharaNa hai / isI taraha se anya bhI kaI prakAra kI AzcaryakArI ghaTanAe~ Apake jIvana se saMbandhita haiM / kitane hI rAjA, mahArAjA bar3e-bar3e vidvAn , yogI, saMnyAsI, sAdhu aura jaina-janetara dharmAcAryoM ne ApakI sAtvika yogasiddhi, satyaniSThatA, niHspRhatA evaM kaThinatama sAdhvAcAra pAlana kI muktakaNTha se prazaMsA kI hai| gurudevane apane jIvana meM jisa krAnti aura satya vastu ke pracAra se samAja meM AnevAlI zithilatA ko dUra kI hai vaha itihAsa ke pRSThoM para aura jaina samAja meM cirakAla ke liye smaraNIya banI rhegii| ApakI aTala dhairyazAlinI zAnta mudrA, lubhAvanI manamohinI AkRti pratyeka vyakti ko apanI ora AkarSita kara letI thI / kaI yogya vyakti gurudeva ke bhakta yA ziSya kahalAne meM apanA bar3A bhArI mahattva mAnate the aura unakI bhakti kara jIvana ko saphala huA samajhate the| isa arddhazatAbdI ke nAyaka Apa haiM jo vikramIya vIsavIM zatAbdI ke mahAn puruSoM meM se eka haiM / jaina aura jainetara samAja meM Apake tyAga, tapobala aura yogazakti kI kaI-eka kathAyeM pracalita haiM / ApakI vidvattA aura samayajJatA ke viSaya meM to likhanA hI kyA hai / ApakI aneka prakAra kI vizeSatAoM ko antakaraNa meM smaraNa kara bhaktibharI zraddhA se zira caraNoM meM sahasA nata ho jAtA hai / vidvattA ke paricayArtha to Apa kA racita sAhitya hI paryApta hai jisameM zrI abhidhAna rAjendra koSa sarvopari eka prAkRta mahAkoSa hai| 'sa jIvati yazo yasya ' isa sUkti ke anusAra gurudeva kA nirmala yaza sadA ke liye amara bana cukA hai / 'tristutiH' kA punaruddhAra karanA Apake hI sArmathya meM thaa| zubham
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________________ adhyAtmavAdI kavi zrImad rAjendrasUri / munizrI vidyAvijayajI 'pathika' khAcarauda jisa deza meM, jisa rASTra meM, jisa jAti meM, jisa samAja meM sAhitya kI kamI hai vahA~ sabhI bAtoMkI kamI hai-vaha deza, vaha rASTra, vaha jAti, vaha samAja sAhitya ke vinA saMsAra meM jIvita nahIM raha sakatA / manuSya ko pragatizIla bane rahane ke liye sAhitya kA hI avalambana zreyaskara hai aura janatA ke utthAna kA sAhitya hI alaukika sAdhana hai / baccoM kA pratipAlana jaise mAtA karatI hai, usI bhA~ti mAnava kI rakSA sAhitya karatA hai| sAhitya do bhAgo meM vibhAjita hai-gadya aura padya / gadya use kahate hai jo chaMdavihIna bhASA meM hotA hai / padya kI praNAlI isa taraha se nahIM hotii| padya kI racanA meM kavi mano. bhAvoM ko vyakta karatA hai aura dUradarzI bana kara eka padya meM sArA citra khIMca letA hai| piMgala ke vividha chandoM ke niyamoM ko dhyAna meM rakhakara jo racanAe~ kI jAtI haiM, ve sundara, madhura aura kalAtmaka hotI haiN| ___ kavi kA hRdaya komala, nirmala evaM sarala hotA hai / isI se kavi kavitA meM sarasa rasa bhara detA hai| apane hRdaya kI bAta isa DhaMga se janatA meM rakha detA hai ki usake prabhAva se janagaNa ke hRdaya meM alaukika bhAvanAyeM aura cetanAyeM jAgrata ho uThatI haiN| mAnava ke jIvana kA utthAna sAhitya se hotA AyA hai aura hotA jA rahA hai / rAsa, caupAI, dohA, kuNDaliyA~, chappaya Adi mAtrika chanda haiM / chanda-zAstra meM tIna varSoM kA samUha banA kara laghu, guru krama ke anusAra ATha gaNa mAne gaye haiN| jaise-magaNa (sss) yagaNa (15) ragaNa (SIS) sagaNa (15) tagaNa (s)) jagaNa (151) bhagaNa (1) tathA nagaNa (1) / ina ATha gaNoM ke niyamoM ko dhyAna meM rakha kara jo kavitA hotI hai, vaha vidhyanusArI racanA hai / jaina sAhitya bhI nau rasoM se ota-prota evaM susajjita hai| jaina mahAkavi AnaMdaghanajI, vinayavijayajI, yazovijayajI, devacaMdajI Adi mahAkaviyoM kI prabhu-guNa kRtiyA~ jaba par3hane meM AtI haiM, taba par3hanevAlA mAnoM prabhu ke sanmukha hI baiThA hai aisA lIna ho jAtA hai| kavi bhakti ke mArga meM nizaMka hokara calatA hai / usake lakSa ko prApta karane meM itanI ur3Ana karatA hai ki " jahA~ nahIM pahuMce ravi, vahA~ pahuMce kavi " yaha caritArtha ho uThatA hai| anubhavI kavi vahI hai jo sAhitya-vATikA ke kAvya-kuJjakI sarasa zItala chA~yA meM
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________________ adhyAtmavAdI kavi zrImad rAjendrasUri / anubhava karatA rahatA hai aura kAvyoM kA rasa pAna karake apane jIvana ko saphala banA letA hai / rasa kI dRSTi se kAvya ke nau rasa haiM-zRMgAra, karuNa, hAsya, raudra, vIra, bhayAnaka, vIbhatsa, adbhuta aura zAnta / ina nau rasoM ke sthAyI bhAva isa prakAra se haiM-zRMgAra kA rati, hAsya kA ha~sI, karuNa kA zoka, raudra kA krodha, vIra kA utsAha, bhayAnaka kA bhaya, vIbhatsa kA jugupsA, adbhuta kA vismaya aura zAnta kA zAnti hai / jo kavi ina nau rasa kA jJAtA hai vaha sAhitya kI vRddhi karatA hai / kavitA karanA yaha kudarata kI dena hai| eka kavi vaha hai jo svAbhAvika bhAvoM se kAvya-kalA apane hRdaya ke udagAroM se bAhara nikAlatA hai aura vaha kavitA kavitA dikhAI detI hai / dUsarA kavi vaha hai jo apanI racanA-sAhitya ko idharaudhara TaMTola kara banAtA hai / svAbhAvika kavitA ko par3hane se jo mana ko Ananda prApta hotA hai, vaha kRtrima kavitA se nhiiN| yahA~ zAnta rasa kA srota kisa bhA~ti sva0 kavivara zrImad rAjendrasUrijI mahArAjane bahAyA hai, isa dRSTikoNako rakhate hue unake banAye huye kucha gItoM ke aMza pAThakoM ke sAmane rakhanA haiN| moha taNI gati moTI ho malli jina, moha taNI gati moTI // bAhira lokamAM maganatA dIse, aMtara kapaTa kasAI / mekha dekhADI jana bharamAve, pudgala jAko bhAI ho / ma0 1 // jAke udaye paNDita jana pitA, Agama artha vigodd'e| zivanArInA sukha ati sundara, chinamA teha vikhor3e ho / m02|| lAge loka pravAhamAM mUrakha, bhASa jItuM moha / bakhatara bina saMgrAma nizce, gAtra hove joha ho // m03|| jihvA rasa laMpaTa jasa kirati, chor3e jagatanI puujaa| AzA pAsa taje jo jogI, jAke nahiM kahuM dUjA ho / ma04 // bhoyaNI nagara meM malli jinanI, yAtrA jugate kInI / sUrirAjendra sUtra saMbhAlo, saMvara saMgati lInI ho / m05|| moha kI zittara kor3Akor3I sAgaropama kI sthitivAlI gati bar3I vicitra hai, jo AtmA ko bhavamukta hone meM bAdhA pahuMcAtI hai| anta meM zrIrAjendrasUriMjI kahate haiM ki he bhavyoM ! bhoyaNI nagara meM malli jinezakI bhAvapUrNa yAtrA karate hue sUtroM ko saMbhAlo aura saMvara ke sAtha saMgati kro|
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha sAhitya-vATikA kI ramya sthalI para moda-pramoda meM vicaraNa karane vAle kavine bhaktirasa kI sundara racanA dvArA AtmavibhUti ko jagAne kA kitanA sarala sAdhana dikhAyA hai / avadhU Atama jJAna meM rahanA, kisIkuM kucha nahIM kahanA / Atama dhyAna ramaNatA saMgI, jAne saba mata jaMgI / parama mAtra lahe na ghaTa aMtara, dekhe dekhe pakSa duraMgI || aura bhI Age calakara kavine paramAtmA ke sAtha kisa prakAra prema pragaTa kiyA hai / prabhu ke sAtha lAr3a - lar3Ane kI kitanI utsukatA - bhAvukatA dikhAI hai / 74 zrI zAntijI piU mArA, ho / zAnti-sukha - siradAra preme pAyA prItar3I piU morA, prItinI rIti apAra ho || paramAtmA ko apanA patideva mAnakara Apa unakI nAyikA kA sthAna le rahe haiM / pyAre sajjano ! prabhu-bhakti meM kitanA prema unakI AtmA meM umar3atA rahatA thA / ina paMktiyoM se spaSTa mAlUma hotA hai ki unakA hRdaya prabhu ko rijhAne meM tallIna rahatA thA / kisI prakAra kI zaMkA na rakhate hue Izvara ko piUke saMbodhana se pukArA hai| AnandaghanajIne bhI to isI prakAra prabhu - stavanA kI hai / pAThakagaNa unake gIta kA bhI rasapAna kareM / nizadina joUM tArI vATar3I, ghara Avo re DholA || niza0 / mujha sarikhI tujha lAkha hai, mere tUMhI mamolA || niza0 // AnaMdaghanajI ' DholA ' zabda se Izvara ko saMbodhita karake usako patideva mAnakara Apa nAyikA bana jAte haiM / yaha priyatama prItama kI bulAne kI kitanI vihvalatAbharI rIti hai / gurudeva ke kAvyagranthoM meM yati, gati, tAla, svara, yamaka, damaka adbhuta DhaMga se sacce huye dikhAI dete haiM / bhAMDavapura ke tIrthapati zrI mahAvIra prabhu ke caityavaMdana se yahI bAta pragaTa hotI hai / 1 varddhamAna jinesara, namata suresara ati alavesara tIrthapati, sukha-sampati-dAtA, jagata- vikhyAtA, sarva vijJAtA, zuddha yati /
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________________ alyAtmavAdI kavi zrImad rAjendrasUri / jasu nAmathI rogA, soga viyogA, kaSTa kuyogA lahi zaMkA, bhAMDavapura rAje, sakala samAje, vIra virAje ati baGkA // 1 // DAyaNa ne zAyaNa, preta parAyaNa, bhRta bhavAyaNa sahu bhA~je, cUr3ela caMDAlA, ati vikarAlA, sakata siyAlA nahIM gAje / dusmaNa ne dATe, kuSTa hi kATe, bhaya nahIM vATe bali raGkA, bhAMDavapura rAje, sakala samAje, vIra virAje ati baGkA / / 2 / / saba kAma samAre, sarpa nivAre, kumati vAre, arihantA, jala-jalana-bhagandara, maMtra-vazaGkara, vAraNa-zaMkara samarantA / e sUri rAjendrA, hare bhava-phandA, nAma mahandA jasa DaGkA, bhAMDavapura rAje, sakala samAje, vIra virAje ati baGkA / / 3 // ina chandoM ko jo manuSya zraddhApUrvaka prabhAta meM nitya smaraNa ke rUpa se pATha karatA hai usako svayaM jJAta hogA ki vAstava meM ina chaMdoM ke paDhane se AtmA ko kitanI zAnti prApta hotI hai / gurudevane prabhustava kI saMskRta meM bhI racanA kI hai-jo kitanI rocaka, madhura va bhAvapUrNa hai| OM hI zrI maMtrayuktaM sakalasukhakaraM pArzvayakSopazobha, kalyANAnAM nivAsaM zivapadasukhadaM duHkhadaurbhAgyanAzam / saumyAkAraM jinendraM munihRdiramaNaM nIlavarNa pratItam , Ahore saMghacaitye sabalahitakaraM goDipArzva tamIDe // 1 // yasyAGghau nityapUjAM bhajati suravaro nAgarAjaH suyuktyA, sarvendrA bhaktiyuktA narapati nivahA yasya zobhA svabhAvAt / tanvantI sneharaktaH zubhamativibhavaH stotIyaM dharmarAja, Ahore saMghacaitye sabalahitakaraM goDipArzva tamIr3e // 2 // vAmeyaM tIrthanAthaM sumatisugatidaM dhvasta karmaprapaJcam , yogIndrogagamyaM prabhuvaramanizaM vizvavaMdya jinezam / yo'dAtsatsaukhyamAlAM gaditasusamayaM zrIlarAjendrasa, Ahore saMghacaitye sabalahitakaraM goDipAve tamIr3e // 3 // alaMkAramayI racanAyeM evaM kRtiyA~ hI kAvya nahIM kahI jAtIM / jisake paDhane se citavRtti sthira bana jAtI hai, anupama bhAvoM kI lahara uThatI hai, vaha kRti uttama racanA athavA kAvya hotI hai / uttama bhakti-kAvya muktipatha-pradarzaka aura prabhubhakti-rasasvAdanakara hotA
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________________ 76 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha hai| tabhI to tulasI, sUra, kabIra Adi kaviyoM kI kRtiyoM se bhAratavAsI jana-samUha meM Izvara ke prati Astika bhAvanA jAgrata hotI haiM / jaina mahAkaviyoM kI kRtiyoM meM bhI AdhyAtmika, vairAgya, tyAga bhAvanAoM se guMphita kAvya hI adhikatara pAye jAte haiM / yahA~ taka dekhA gayA hai ki jaba hamAre sAmane unake gIta Ate haiM hama unako gAte-gAte aura unako sunanevAle bhAI bhI bola uThate haiM-' saMsAra asAra hai-gharadvAra, putra, mitra, kuTumba mithyA haiN|' parama pUjya gurudeva rAjendrasUrijI mahArAjane navapada olIdevavaMdana, paMcakalyANaka mahAvIra pUjA, jinacovIsI, aghaTakumAra caupAI, stavana sajjhAya Adi vividha rAga-rAgiNiyoM meM bhAvapUrNa acche DhaMga se raca karake apanA amUlya samaya prabhu ke guNa-gAna meM vyatIta kiyA hai| ina racanAoM ko bhAvukajana sAja-bAja ke sAtha gAte haiM aura svargIya sukhAnubhava karate haiM / AtmA kI tallInatA jaba prabhu ke caraNAraviMda meM hotI hai, taba kahIM koI bhavabaMdhana se mukta hone kA puNya arjana karatA hai /
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________________ CATE 22023 zrI gurudeva dvArA vi. saM. 1959 meM pratiSThita zrI kesariyAnAtha prAsAda aura isa meM saMsthApita 12 vIM zatI kI zrI AdinAtha pratimA va do kAyotsargastha biMba. vi. saM. 1143. prAcIna tIrtha zrI korTA ( mAravAr3a - rAjasthAna
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________________ marudhara aura mAlave ke pAMca tIrtha vyAkhyAna-vAcaspati zrImadvijaya yatIndrasUri ziSya muni devendravijaya sAhityapremI' bIsavIM zatAbdI bhAratIya itihAsa meM apanA viziSTa sthAna rakhatI hai| isameM aneka dharmapracAraka aura rASTrIya netA paidA huye haiN| dharmoddhArakoM meM parama pUjya prabhu zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja kA viziSTa aura gauravazAlI sthAna hai / Apane apanI sarvatomukhI zAstra-sammatta vividha pravRttiyoM se jaina samAja kA bar3A hI gaurava bar3hAyA hai / Apane jahA~ kriyoddhAra kara zramaNa saMgha ko vAstavika prakAra se cAritra-pAlana kA mArga punaH dikhalAyA, vahA~ sAhitya-nirmANa kArya bhI mahatvapUrNa prakAroM se sampanna kiyA aura prAcIna tIrthoM kA uddhAra kArya mI / Apane jina prAcIna tIthoM aura caityoM kI sevA kI haiM, unakA yahA~ isa laghu lekha meM paricaya denA hI hamArA dhyeya hai| 1 zrIkoraTAjItIrthaH ___ koraMTanagara, kanakApura, koraMTapura, kaNayApura aura koraMTI Adi nAmoM se isa tIrtha kA prAcIna jaina sAhitya meM ullekha milatA hai / upakezagaccha-paTTAvalI ke anusAra zrI mahAvIra deva ke mahAparinirvANa ke pazcAt 70 veM varSa meM zrI pArzvanAthasaMtAnIya zrI svayaMprabhasUrIza paTTA. laMkAra upakezavaMza-saMsthApaka zrIratnaprabhasUrijIne osiyA aura yahA~ eka hI lagna meM zrImahAvIra deva kI pratimA sthApita kI thii| isa nagara se zrIratnaprabhasUri ke zAsanakAla meM hI zrIkanakaprabhasUri se upakezagaccha meM se koraMTagaccha kI utpatti huI thii| zrIkanakaprabhasUri ratnaprabhasUri ke gurubhAI the / koraMTagaccha meM aneka mahAprabhAvika jainAcArya huye haiN| vi. saM. 1525 ke lagabhaga koraMTa tapA nAmaka eka zAkhA bhI nikalI thii| kaI zatAbdiyoM taka yaha nagara janadhana aura saba prakAra se unnana aura samRddha rahA hai / vartamAna meM isake khaNDahara dekha kara bhI vizvAsa kiyA jA sakatA hai aura ullekha to milate hI haiN| yaha prAcIna samRddha nagara 500 sau gharoM ke eka laghu grAma ke rUpa meM Aja eraNapurA sTezana se 12 mIla dUra pazcima kI ora vidyamAna hai| isakA vartamAna nAma koraTA hai| abhI yahA~ jainoM ke 50 ghara aura unameM lagabhaga 250 manuSya haiM tathA cAra jinendra mandira 1 ukta paTTAvalI meM yaha saMvat likhA huA milatA hai; parantu itihAsajJoM ke samakSa yaha amI mAnya nahIM ho sakA hai| -saMpAdaka
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________________ 78 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha haiN| jina kI vyavasthA svargIya gurudeva prabhu zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja ke upadeza se saMsthApita zrI jaina peDhI karatI A rahI hai| (1) zrImahAvIra mandira:koraTA ke dakSiNa meM yaha mandira hai / yaha vizeSataH prAcIna sAdI zilpakalA ke liye namUnArUpa hai / zrI zrI ratnaprabhasUrIzvarajIne vIrAt saM. 70 meM isakI pratiSThA kI thii| vikrama saMvat 1728 meM zrAvaNa sudI 1 ke dina zrI vijayaprabhasUri ke AjJAvartI zrI jayavijaya gaNIne prAcIna pratimA ke sthAna para navIna dUsarI pratimA pratiSThita kI thI / tatsambandhI eka lekha mandira ke maNDapa ke eka stambha para utkIrNa hai| isa zrIjayavijayagaNIpratiSThita pratimA ke uttamAMgai vikala ho jAne para AcAryavarya zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAjane apane upadeza se mandira kA punaruddhAra karavAkara nUtana zrI vIrapratimA pratiSThita kI aura zrIjayavijayagaNI dvArA pratiSThita pratimA ko lepAdi se sudharavA kara usako mandira kI nava caukI meM virAjamAna krvaadii| (2) zrIAdinAtha mandira:... sannikaTastha dholAgiri kI dAla jamIna para yaha mandira hai| isako vikrama kI 13 zatAbdI meM mahAmAtya nAhar3a ke kisI kuTumbIne apane AtmakalyANa ke liye nirmita kiyA jJAta hotA hai| isameM (Ayatana !) nirmAtA kI pratiSThita karavAI huI pratimA khaNDita ho jAne para use haTA kara navIna pratimA vi. saM. 1903 meM devasUragacchIya zrIzAntisUrijIne pratiSThita kI aura vahI pratimA abhI bhI virAjita hai / mUlanAyakajI kI pratimA ke donoM ora virAjita pratimAe~ zrIzrIvijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja dvArA pratiSThita nUtana bimba haiN| (3) zrIpArzvanAtha mandiraHyaha jinAlaya gA~va ke madhya meM hai| isako kaba, kisane banAyA aura kisa gaccha ke munipuMgavane pratiSThita kiyA yaha ajJAta hai| anumAnataH jJAta hotA hai ki Upara varNita 1 " saMvat 1728 varSe zrAvaNa sudi 1 dina, bhaTTAraka zrIvijayaprabhasUrIzvararAjye zrIkoraTAnagare, paMDita zrI5zrIzrIjayavijayagaNInA upadezathI mu. jetApurA siMga bhAryA, mu. mahArAya siMga bhAryA, saM. bIkA, sAMvaradAsa, ko. udharaNA, mu. jesaMga, sA. gAMgadAsa, sA. lAdhA, sA. khImA, sA. chAMjara, sA. nArAyaNa, sA. kacarA pramukha samasta saMgha melA huine zrImahAvIra pavAsaga baisAryA cha, likhitaM gaNI maNivijayakesaravijayena vAharA mahavada suta lAdhA padama lakhataM, samasta saMgha nai mAMgalikaM bhavati zubhaM bhavatu / " 2 uttamAMga vikala pratimA ko mUlanAyaka rakhanA yA nahIM rakhanA ke liye dekhiye zrIvartamAnAcArya likhita 'zrIkoraTAjI tIrtha kA itihAsa'
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________________ marudhara aura mAlave ke pAMca tIrtha / 79 zrI AdinAtha caitya se yaha prAcIna hai| isakI staMbhamAlA ke eka stambha para 'OM++++r3hA ' lekhAkSara avazeSa haiM / isase jJAta hotA hai ki mahAmAtya zrI nAhar3a ke dvitIya putra zrI DhAlajI dvArA nirmita yaha mandira ho aura isIse amAtya ke nAma ke Age maMgala kA saMsUcaka OM lagAyA ho / zrImahAvIra mandira ke stambhoM para bhI ' OM nA000DhA' likhA huvA milatA hai| saMbhavatayA ukta maMtrIputrane prAcIna zrI vIra mandira kA bhI uddhArakArya karavAyA ho / isa pArzva - nAtha mandira kA uddhAra vikramIya satrahavIM zatAbdI meM koraTA ke hI nAgotarA gautrIya kisI zrAvakane karavAyA thA / tatpazcAt samaya-samaya para kucha aMzoM meM uddhAra - kArya hotA rahA hai / isameM pahale zrIzAntinAtha bhagavAna kI pratimA mUlanAyaka ke sthAna para virAjamAna thI / usake vikalAMga hojAne para usake sthAna para zrIpArzvanAthajI kI pratimA virAjita kI gaI; jisakI prANapratiSThA zrImadvijaya rAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAjane kI hai| zrI pArzvanAthajI ke donoM ora virAjita pratimA bhI nUtana haiM / ( 4 ) zrI kezariyAnAtha kA mandira: -- vikrama saMvat 1911 jeTha sudi 8 ke dina prAcIna zrI vIra mandira ke koTa kA nirmANa-kArya karavAte samaya kahIM bAI ora kI jamIna ke eka Tekare ko tor3ate samaya zveta varNa kI pAMca phITa pramANa vizAlakAya zrIAdinAtha bhagavAna kI padmAsanastha aura itanI hI bar3I zrIsaMbhavanAtha tathA zrI zAntinAthajI kI kAyotsargastha manohara evaM sarvAMgasundara akhaNDita do pratimAyeM nikalI thiiN| ina kAyotsargastha pratimAoM ko vikrama saMvat 1143 vaizAkha sudi dvitIyA guruvAra ko zrAvaka rAmAjarukane banavAIM aura bRhadgacchIya zrIvijaya siMha sUrijI ne inakI pratiSThAMjanazalAkA kI / zrIAdinAtha pratimA para lekhAdi nahIM hai / ina pratimAoM ko virAjamAna karane ke hita koraTA ke zrIsaMgha ne zrImadvijaya rAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja ke upadeza se yaha vizAlakAya divya evaM manohara mandira banavAyA hai| isakA pratiSThA - mahotsava vikrama saMvat 1959 vaizAkha sudi pUrNimA ko zrImadvijaya rAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja ke karakamaloM se hI sampanna huA thA / yaha pratiSThA mahotsava marudhara ke 150 varSa ke itihAsa meM Ahora ke pratiSThotsava (1955 kA ) ke pazcAt dUsarA thA / pratiSThAprazastiH vIranirvANa saptati-varSAtpArzvanAtha saMtAnIyaH / vidyAdharakulajAto, vidyayA ratnaprabhAcAryaH dvidhA kRtAtmA lagne, caikasmin koraMTa osiyAyAM / vIrasvAmipratimA-matiSThapaditi paprathe'tha prAcInam // 1 // // 2 //
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha devar3A Thakkara vijayasiMhe, koraMTastha vIrajIrNabimbam / utthApya rAdhazukle nidhizaranavenduke pUrNimA gurau // 3 // susthiravRSame lagne, tasya saudhrmbRhttpogcchiiyH| zrImadvijayarAjendrasUriH pratiSThAMjanazalAke cakre // 4 // koraMTavAsi mRtA mokhAsuta kstuurcndryshraajau| datvodadhizatamekaM zrImahAvIrapratimAmatiSThipattAm haranAthasutaSTekacandrastacaityakopari / kalazAropaNaM cakre, bhUvANaguNadAyakaH pomAvApuravAsI haranAthAtmajaH khumAjI shresstthii| pRthvIzarasamudrAM pradAya dhvajAmAropayAmAsa osavAlaratanasutA hIracena navalakastUracandrA / zazivasukaradA daMDa-matiSThipan kalApurAvAsinaste // 8 // rAjendrasUriziSyavAcakaH mohanavijayAbhidho dhiirH| lilekha prazastimenA, gurupadakamaladhyAnazubhaMyuH // iti zrIkoraMTapuramaMDana-zrImahAvIrajinAlayasya pratiSThAprazastiH // - saM0 1959 vaizAkha sudi 15 / mu0 koraTA mAravADa - (2) zrIbhANDavA tIrtha ( bhAMDavapura ) yaha bhANDavA athavA bhANDavapura nAma kA grAma jodhapura se rANIvAr3A jAnevAlI relve ke modarA sTezana se 22 mIla dUra uttara-pazcima meM cAroM ora se registhAna se ghirA huvA hai / yahA~ jainetaroM ke 200 ghara AbAda haiM ! yaha grAma aura maMdira bahuta prAcIna haiN| sarva prathama jAlora ( jAbAlIpura ) ke paramAra bhANDusiMha ne isako basA kara isa para zAsana kiyA thA ! usake vaMzajone bhI kitanI hI pIr3hiyoM taka zAsana kiyaa| vi. saM. 1322 meM bAvatarA ke dayyA rAjapUta buhar3asiMhane paramAroM ko parAsta kara isa para apanA adhikAra sthApita kiyA thaa| isake vaMzajoMne zanaiH zanaiH isa prAnta meM sarvatra sthAna-sthAna para apanA zAsana jamA liyA jisase kAlAntara meM isa prAnta kA nAma hI diyAvaTa-paTTI ho gayA / bAda meM isa para jodhapura-nareza kA adhikAra ho jAne para vikrama saMvat 1803 meM jodhapurAdhipa rAmasiMha ne dayyA lumbAjI se ise chIna kara samIpastha ANAgrAma ke ThAkura mAlamasiMha ko diyaa| Aja bhI ukta ThAkura ke vaMzaja bhagavAnasiMhajI yahA~ ke jAgIdAra haiN|
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________________ marudhara aura mAnave ke pAMca tI / vikrama kI 7 vIM zatAbdI meM isa prAnta meM besAlA nAma kA eka acchA kasbA jAbAda thaa| jisameM jaina zvetAmbaroM ke saiMkar3oM ghara the / vahA~ eka bhavya - manohara vizAla saudha. zikharI jinAlaya thA / isake pratiSThAkAraka AcArya kA nAma kyA thA aura ve kisa gaccha ke the yaha ajJAta hai / mAtra jinAlaya ke eka staMbha para 'saM. 813 zrImahAvIra' itanA likhA hai| besAlA para memana DAkuoM ke niyamita hamale hote rahane se janatA use chor3a kara anyatra jA basI, DAkuoM ne mandira para bhI AkramaNa karake usa ko tor3a DAlA, kisI prakAra pratimA ko bacA khyiA gayA / janazrutyanusAra komatA ke nivAsI saMghavI pAlajI pratimAjI ko eka zakara meM virAjamAna kara komatA lejA rahe the ki zakaTa bhAMDavA meM jahAM vartamAna meM caitya hai, vahA~ Akara ruka gayA aura lAkha-lAkha prayatna karane para bhI jaba gAr3I nahIM calI to saba nirAza ho gae / rAtri ke samaya ardha-jAgRtAvasthA meM pAla jI ko svapna AyA ki pratimA ko isI sthAna para caitya banavA kara usa meM virAjamAna kara do| svapnAnusAra pAlajI saMghavI ne yaha mandira vikrama saMvat 1233 mAgha suda 5 guruvAra ko banavA kara mahAmahotsava saha ukta prabhAvazAlI pratimA ko virAjamAna kara dI / Aja bhI yahA~ pAlajI saMghavI ke vaMzaja hI prati varSa mandira para dhvajA car3hAte haiN| isakA prathama jIrNoddhAra vi. saM. 1359 meM aura dvitIya jIrNoddhAra vikrama saMvat 1654 meM diyAvaTa paTTI ke zrI jaina zvetAmbara zrI saMghane karavAyA thaa| - vikramIya 20 vIM zatAbdI ke mahAn jyotirdhara paramakiyoddhAraka prabhu zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja jaba Ahora se saMvat 1955 meM idhara padhAre to samIpavartI grAmoM ke nivAsI zrIsaMghane ukta pratimA ko yahA~ se uThA kara anyatra virAjamAna karane kI prArthanA kI / isa para gurudevane pratimA ko yahAM se nahIM uThAne aura isI caitya kA vidhipUrvaka punaroddhAra* kArya sampanna karane ko kahA / gurudevane sArI paTTI meM bhramaNa kara jIrNoddhAra ke liye upadeza bhI diye| svargavAsa ke samaya vi. saM. 1963 meM rAjagar3ha (madhya bhArata ) meM gurudevane koraTA, jAlora, tAlanapura aura mohanakher3A ke sAtha isa tIrtha kI bhI vyavasthA-uddhArAdi sampanna karavAne kA vartamAnAcArya zrIyatIndrasUrijI ko Adeza diyA thaa| Apane bhI gurvAjJA se ukta samasta tIrthoM kI vyavasthA tathA uddhArAdi ke liye sthAna-sthAna ke jaina zrI saMgha ko upadeza de-dekara saba tIrthoM kA uddhAra kArya krvaayaa| zrI abhidhAna rAjendra koSa ke saMpAdana aura usakI arthavyavasthA meM laga jAne se thor3e vilaMba se isa tIrtha ke tRtIyoddhAra ko Apane vi. saM. 1988 meM prAraMbha karavAyA jo vi. saM. 2007 meM pUrNa huvA / isakI pratiSThA kA mahAmahotsava vi. saM. 11
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________________ 82 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha 2010 jyeSTha su. 1 somavAra ko dazadinAvadhika utsava ke sAtha sampanna huvA thaa| isa pratiSThotsava meM 25 sahasra ke lagabhaga janatA upasthita huI thii| isa mahAmahotsava ko ina paMktiyoM ke lekhaka ne bhI dekhA hai| yahA~ yAtriyoM ke Thaharane ke liye marudharadezIya zrI jaina zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka zrI saMgha kI ora se mandira ke tInoM ora vizAlakAya dharmazAlA banI huI hai| mandira meM mUlanAyakajI ke donoM ora kI saba pratimAjI zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja ke dvArA pratiSThita haiM / mUla mandira ke cAroM konoM meM jo laghu mandira haiM, ina meM virAjita pratimAe~ vi. saM. 1998 meM bAgarA meM zrImadvijayayatIndrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja ke karakamaloM se pratiSThitta haiM, jo yahA~ 2010 ke pratiSThotsava ke avasara para virAjamAna kI gayI haiN| pratyeka jaina ko eka bAra avazya registhAna ke isa pragaTa prabhAvI prAcIna tIrtha kA darzanapUjana karanA caahiye| (3) zrI svarNagiri tIrtha-jAlora yaha prAcIna tIrtha jodhapura se rANIvADA jAnevAlI relve ke jAlora sTezana ke samIpa svarNagiri nAma ke prakhyAta parvata para sthita hai| nIce nagara meM prAcInArvAcIna 13 mandira haiN| aise bhI ullekha milate haiM ki jAlora navamI zatAbdI meM ati smRddha thaa| vartamAna meM parvata para kille meM 3 prAcIna aura do nUtana bhavya jinamandira haiM / prAcIna caitya yakSavasati (zrI mahAvIra mandira ), aSTApadAvatAra ( caumukha ), aura kumAravihAra ( pArzvanAtha-caitya ) haiN| yakSavasati jinAlaya sabase prAcIna hai| yaha bhavya mandira darzakoM ko tAraMgA ke vizAlakAya mandira kI yAda dilAtA hai| isako nAhaDa ( nAmaka rAjA )ne banavAyA thA aisA eka nimna prAkRta-padya se dhvanita hotA hai navanavai lakkhadhaNavai a lavAse suvaNNagiri sihare / nAhar3anivakAraviyaM thuNi vIraM jakkhavasahIe // 1 // yAne jahA~ 99 lakSa rupayoM kI saMpattivAle zreSThiyoM ko bhI rahane ko sthAna nahIM milatA thA, kille para saba kroDapati hI nivAsa karate the| aise suvarNagiri ke zikhara para nAhaDa(rAjA) ke banavAye yakSavasati meM zrImahAvIradeva kI stuti kro| kumAravihAra jinAlaya ko saM. 1221 ke lagabhaga paramArhat mahArAjAdhirAja kumArapAla bhUpAlane kalikAlasarvajJa zrImad hemacandrasUrIndra ke upadeza se kumAravihAra ke guNaniSpanna 1 vizeSa jJAtavya bAtoM ke liye kavivara muni zrIvidyAvijayajI mahArAja kI likhita ' zrIbhANDavapura jaina tIrthamaNDana zrI vIra caitya-pratiSThA mahotsava ' dekhiye|
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________________ marudhara aura mAlave ke pAMca tIrtha / nAmAbhidhAna se vikhyAta yaha caitya banavAyA thaa| pahale yaha 72-jinAlaya thA / parantu saM. 1338 ke lagabhaga alAuddInane dharmAndhatA se prerita ho jAlora ( jAbAlIpura ) para car3hAI kI thI; taba usa narAdhama ke pApI hAthoM se isa giri evaM nagara ke AbU ke suprasiddha mandiroM kI spardhA karanevAle manohara evaM divya mandiroM kA nAza huA thaa| una mandiroM kI yAda dilAnevAlI topakhAnA-masjida jise khaNDita mandiroM ke pattharoM se dharmAndha yavanoMne banavAI thI vaha masjida vidyamAna hai| isa topakhAne meM lage adhikAMza patthara khaNDita maMdiroM ke haiM aura akhaNDita bhAga to jaina paddhati ke anusAra hai| isa meM sthAna-sthAna para stambhoM aura zilAoM para lekha haiN| jinameM kitane hI lekha saM. 1194, 1239, 1268, 1320 Adi ke haiN| ___ukta do caityoM ke sivAya caumukha-aSTApadAvatAra caitya bhI prAcIna hai| yaha caitya kaba kisane banavAyA yaha ajJAta hai| vikrama saMvat 1080 meM yahIM ( jAlora meM ) raha kara zrIzrI buddhisAgarasUrivarane sAta hajAra zloka parimita 'zrI buddhisAgara vyAkaraNa' banAI thI, usakI prazasti meM likhA hai kiH zrIvikramAdityanarendrakAlAt sAzIti ke yAti samAsahasre / sazrIkajAbAlIpure tadAdya dRbdhaM mayA sapta sahasra kalyam // 11 // bahuta varSoM taka svarNagiri ke ye dhvasta mandira jIrNAvasthA meM hI rhe| vikrama kI satarahavIM zatAbdI meM jodhapuranivAsI aura jAlora ke sarvAdhikArI maMtrI zrI jayamala muhaNota ne yahA~ ke saba dhvasta jinAlayoM kA nijopArjita lakSmI se punaruddhAra karavAyA thA aura vi0 saM0 1681, 1683, 1686 meM alaga 2 tIna bAra mahAmahotsavapUrvaka prANapratiSThAe~ karavA kara saiMkaDoM jinapratimAe~ pratiSThita karavAI thIM / sAMcora (rAjasthAna) meM bhI jayamalajI kI banavAI pratimAe~ pratiSThita haiM / isa samaya ve hI pratimAe~ prAyaH kille ke saba caityoM meM virAjamAna haiN| pIche se ina saba mandiroM meM rAjakIya karmacAriyoMne rAjakIya yuddha-sAmagrI Adi bhara kara inake cAroM ora kAMTe lagA diye the| vihArAnukrama se mahAn jyotirdhara AgamarahasyavedI prabhu zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja kA vi. saM. 1932 ke uttarArdha meM jAlora padhAranA huA / Apa se jinAlayoM kI ukta dazA dekhI na gii| Apane tatkAla rAjakarmacAriyoM se mandiroM kI mAMga kI aura unako aneka prakAra se samajhAyA; parantu jaba ve kisI prakAra nahIM mAne to gurudevane janatA meM dRDhatApUrvaka ghoSaNA kI ki jaba taka svarNagiri ke tInoM jinAlayoM ko rAjakIya zAsana se mukta nahIM karavAUMgA, taba taka maiM nitya eka hI bAra AhAra lUMgA
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-praya aura dvitIyA, paMcamI, aSTamI, ekAdazI, caturdazI aura amAvasyA tathA pUrNimA ko upavAsa kruNgaa| Apane isI kArya ko sampanna karane ke hetu saM. 1933 kA varSAvAsa jAlora meM hI kiyA / yathAsamaya Apane yogya vyaktiyoM kI eka samiti banAI aura unheM vAstavika nyAya kI prApti hetu jodhapura-nareza yazavaMtasiMhajI ke pAsa bheje / kAryavAhI ke anta meM rAjA yazavaMtasiMhajIne apanA nyAya isa prakAra ghoSita kiyA 'jAloragaDha ( svarNagiri ) ke mandira jainoM ke haiN| isaliye unakA mana na dukhAte huye zIghra hI mandira unheM sauMpa diye jAya aura isa nimitta unake guru zrIrAjendrarijI jo abhI taka ATha mahinoM se tapasyA kara rahe haiM, unheM jaldI se pAraNA karavA kara do dina meM mujhe sUcanA dI jaay|' ___ isa prakAra gurudeva apane sAdhanAmaya saMkalpa ko pUrA kara vijayI hue| gurudeva kI AjJA se mandiroM kA jIrNoddhAra prAraMbha huA aura vi. saM. 1933 ke mAgha su. 1 ravivAra ko mahAmahotsavapUrvaka pratiSThA-kArya karavA kara gurudevane nau (9) upavAsa kA pAraNA karake anyatra vihAra kiyaa| isa pratiSThA kA paricAyaka lekha zrI aSTApadAvatAracaumukhamandira meM lagA huvA hai " saMvacchume trayastriMzannandaka vikramAdare / mAghamAse site pakSe, candre pratipadAtithau // 1 // jAlaMdhare gaDhe zrImAna, zrIyazasvantasiMharAT / tejasA ghumaNiH sAkSAt , khaMDayAmAsa yo ripun // 2 // vijayasiMhazca killAdAra dharmA mahAbalI / / tasminnavasare saMdhairjIrNoddhArazca kAritaH // 3 // caityaM caturmukhaM sUrirAjendreNa pratiSThitam / / evaM zrIpArzvacaitye'pi, pratiSThA kAritA parA / / 4 // ozavaMze nihAlasya, codharI kAnugasya ca / suta pratApamallena pratimA sthApitA zubhA // 5 // zrIRSabhajinaprasAdAt ullikhitam // isa samaya bhI zrI vijayayatIndrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja apane upadeza se ina prAcIna tIrthakarapa jinamandiroM kA uddhAra-kArya karavAte rahate haiM evaM isake hetu sahasroM rupayoM kI sahAyatA karavAI hai|
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________________ zrI aSTApadAvatAra maMdira, isake pIche zrI pArzvanAtha maMdira aura sazikhara zrI mahAvIra maMdira. zrI svarNagiritIrtha, jAlora ( mAravAr3a-rAjasthAna )
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________________ zrI zatrujayatIrthadizivaMdanArtha zrI zatrujayAvatAra zrI mohanakher3A vi. saM. 1940.
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________________ marudhara aura mAlave ke pAMca tIrtha / yadyapi koraTA evaM isa tIrtha ke sambandha meM katipaya lekhakoMne itihAsa likhA hai, kintu uparokta vAstavika ghaTanAoM ko varNita nahIM karane kA jo bhAva rakhatA hai vaha azobhanIya hai| 4 tAlanapura tIrtha ( madhya bhArata ) AlirAjapura se kukSI jAnevAlI sar3aka kI dAhinI ora yaha tIrtha hai| yaha tIrthasthAna bahuta prAcIna hai aura aisA kahA jAtA ki pUrvakAla meM yahA~ 21 jinamandira aura 5000 zramaNopAsakoM ke ghara the| yahA~ khaNDahara rUpa meM bAvar3I, tAlAba aura bhUgarbha se prApta honevAle pattharoM aura jinapratimAoM se isakI prAcInatA siddha hotI hai / zodhakartAoM kA kahanA hai ki kisI samaya yaha nagara do-tIna koza ke ghere meM AbAda thA / vi. saM. 1916 meM eka bhilAle ke kheta se AdinAthabimba Adi 25 pratimAe~ prApta huii| jinheM samIpastha kukSI nagara ke jaina zrI saMghane vizAla saudhazikharI jinAlaya banavA kara usameM virAjamAna kI; ina meM se kisI pratimA para lekha nahIM haiM; ataH yaha kahanA kaThina hai ki ye kisa zatAbdI kI haiN| anumAna aura pratimAoM kI banAvaTa se jJAta hotA hai ki ye pratimAe~ eka hajAra varSa se bhI prAcIna haiN| / yahA~ jaina zvetAmbaroM ke do mandira haiM / eka to ukta hI hai aura dUsarA usI ke pAsa zrI gaur3IpArzvanAthajI kA hai / pArzvanAtha bhagavAna kI pratimA vi. saM. 1928 ke maga. su. pUrNimA ko savA prahara dina car3he purAnI goravaDAvAva se nikalI thii| yaha zrI pArzvanAtha pratimA saM. 1022 phA. su. 5 guruvAra ko zrI zrIbappabhaTTIsUrijI ke karakamaloM se pratiSThita hai| isa pratimA ko vi. saM. 1950 mahA vadi 2 somavAra ko mahotsavapUrvaka zrI zrI vijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAjane pratiSThita kii| isa sthala ke tuMgIyApura, tuMgIyApattana aura tArana ( tAlana ) pura ye tIna nAma haiN| 5 zrI mohanakher3A tIrtha ( madhya bhArata) (zrI zatrujayadizi vaMdanArtha prasthApita tIrtha) mahAmAlava kI prAcIna rAjadhAnI dhArA se pazcima meM 14 koza dUra mAhI nadI ke dAhine taTa para rAjagaDha nagara AbAda hai / yahA~ jainoM (zvetAmbaroM) ke 250 ghara aura 5 jina caitya haiM / yahA~ se ThIka 1 mIla dUra pazcima meM yaha zrI mohanakher3A tIrtha sthita hai| yaha tIrtha zrI siddhAcaladizivaMdanArtha saMsthApita kiyA gayA hai| isake nirmAtA rAjagaDha ke nivAsI saMghavI dallAjI luNAjI prAgvATane vizvapUjya cAritracUr3AmaNI, zAsanasamrATa zrImadvijaya 1 svastI zrI pArzvajina prazAdAtsaMvat 1022 varSe mAse phAlgune sudi pakSe 5 guruvAsare zrImAn zreSThI zrI sukharAja rAjye pratiSThitaM zrI bappabhaTTI(1) sUribhiH tugiyApattane //
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha rAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja se jaba vyAkhyAna meM apane kRta pApoM kA prAyazcita mAMgA aura gurudevane jo isa ramaNIya-zAntipada sthAna para zrI AdinAtha prabhukA caitya banavAne kA upadeza diyA, usake phalasvarUpa yaha banA hai| saMghavIjIne yaha vizAla jinAlaya zIghrAtizIghra banavA kara gurudeva ke kara-kamaloM se mahAmahotsava pUrvaka saM. 1940 magasara sudi 7 guruvAra ko isako pratiSThAsampanna karavAyA / isa mandira kI mUlanAyaka pratimA zrI AdinAtha bhagavAna kI hai, jo savA hAtha bar3I zveta varNa kI hai / mUla caitya ke ThIka pIche hI Arasopala kI manorama chatrI hai| jisameM zrI RSabhadeva prabhu ke caraNa-yugala prasthApita haiN| isa mandira se dakSiNa meM eka mandira ora hai, jisameM zrI pArzvanAtha bhagavAna kI tIna pratimAeM virAjamAna haiM / mUla mandira meM oila peMTa kalara ke vividha citra aMkita haiN| ukta mandiroM ke ThIka sAmane tIrthasthApanopadeza-kartA jainAcArya prabhu zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja kA samAdhi-mandira hai, jahA~ gurudeva kA vikrama saMvat 1963 pauSa su. 7 mohanakher3A (rAjagar3ha )meM zrIsaMghane unake pArthiva zarIra kA aMtyeSTi-saMskAra kiyA thaa| samAdhi-mandira ke banajAne para isa meM gurudeva kI pratimA sthApita kI gii| isa sundara samAdhi-mandira kI bhittoM para gurudeva ke vividha jIvana-citra Alekhita haiN| isa tIrtha kA uddhAra-kArya hAla hI meM vartamAnAcArya zrImadvijayayatIndrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja ke upadeza se sampanna huvA hai| vi. saM. 2013 caitra su. 10 ko donoM mandira aura samAdhimandira para Apake hI karakamaloM se dhvaja-daMDa samAropita hue haiN| jaba vi. saM. 2012 jyeSTha pUrNimA ko lagabhaga 18 varSoM ke pazcAt gurudeva zrImadvijayayatIndrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja kA munimaNDala saha yahAM para padArpaNa huvA usa samaya mAlava-nivAsI zrI saMgha tIrthadarzana evaM gurudeva kI maMgalamaya vANI ko sunane kI utkaNThA se lagabhaga cAra hajAra kI saMkhyA meM upasthita huvA thA / gurudeva kA zrI saMgha ko yahI upadeza huvA ki samAja kI AdhyAtmika unnati ke liye samAja meM zreSTha gurukuloM kA honA atyAvazyaka hai; kyoMki isa bhautikavAda ke yuga meM mAnavamAtra ko zAnti kI prApti yadi kisase bhI ho sakatI hai to vaha eka mAtra dhArmika suzikSA se hI jo kevala gurukula dvArA hI prasArita kI jA sakatI hai| gurudeva kI AjJA ko zirodhArya kara zrI saMghane zrI mohanakher3A tIrtha meM hI ' zrI AdinAtha rAjendra jaina gurukula ' nAmakI zikSaNa-saMsthA kA sarvAnumati se kholanA tatkAla ghoSita kara diyaa| isa samaya yaha saMsthA rAjagar3ha meM cala rahI hai aura vaha mohanakher3A meM bhavana bana jAne para nikaTa bhaviSya meM hI vahA~ prAraMbha ho jAyagI // iti // ----- --
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________________ gurudeva-sAhitya-paricaya vyAkhyAnavAcaspati AcAryadeva zrImadvijayayatIndrasUrIza ziSya muni jayaprabhavijaya pratyeka jAti, samAja aura rASTra ke utthAna meM jitanI mahatvapUrNa dena sAhitya kI hotI hai, utanI kisI dUsarI vastu, kalA evaM padArtha kI nahIM / pUrvAcArya zrutadhara maharSiyoMne isa bAta ko lakSya meM rakha kara nijAtma kalyANakArI sAdhanA ke sAtha janopakAra kI bhAvanA rakhate huye satsAhityakA nirmANa kara hameM upakRta kiyA hai / vaha sAhitya Aja sUtra-zAstraprakaraNAdi ke rUpa meM prApta hai, jo yuga-yuga ke bAda bhI hameM patitapAvana saMdeza sunA kara pavitra banA rahA hai| jisa prakAra pUrvakAla ko anekAneka mahAmuni, mahAtapasvI, samartha vidvAna, tyAgI maharSiyoMne apane ujvala kAryoM se kIrtisampanna banAyA hai, usI prakAra vigata vikramIya bIsavIM zatAbdI ko bhI aneka yugaprabhAvaka jaina-janetarAcAryoMne bhI apane satkAryoM se cirasmaraNIya banAyA hai| una yugavIra samartha zramaNAcAryoM meM paramapUjya yogIrAja gurudeva prabhu zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja kA sthAna bhI gauravayukta hai| jisa kAla evaM samaya meM gurudevane yatidIkSA grahaNa kI thI, usa samaya tyAgI varga meM zaithilya kA prabhAva atyadhika jama rahA thA / jisake kAraNa zramaNa aura zramaNopAsaka donoM eka dUsare se ghane dUra ho rahe the / phalasvarUpa samAja kA vAtAvaraNa kaluSita ho rahA thA / yaha vAtAvaraNa gurudeva ke liye kadApi sahya nahIM thA / gurudevane apanI satata sAdhanA aura vidvatA se samAja meM krAnti utpanna kI aura hAsonmukhI tatvoM kA unmUlana kara samAja ko sudRr3ha banAyA / arthAt use suvyava. sthita kiyaa| sAtha hI pUrvAcArya-samAcarita sAhitya-nirmANa kArya ko bhI apanI yazasvI pAvana lekhanI se yaza evaM gauravayukta kiyaa| vaha sAhitya prAkRta, saMskRta hiMdI, aura gUrjara Adi bhASAoM ko vibhUSita kara rahA hai| ApakA sAhitya prabhAvazAlI va sapramANa hai aura rocaka vidhi se parimaMDita hai| Apa jaise bhArata aura bhAratetara dezoM ke vidvanmaMDala. mUrdhanya ke nirmita sAhitya kI samAlocanA karanekA kArya to mahAnudbhaTa vidvAn kA hai-nahIM ki mere jaise bAlaka kaa| parantu phira bhI 'zubhe yatanIyam' nyAya se samasta vidvAnoM ko gurudeva ke sAhitya kA nAma, viSaya, bhASA aura pramANadRSTi se hI kucha isa lekha meM dikhalAnA merA dhyeya hai|
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha 1-zrIabhidhAna rAjendra koSa-( saptabhAgAtmaka pAiya vizvakoSa ) AkAra bar3A, raoNyala cau pejI, zrIabhivAna rAjendra pracAraka saMsthA, ratalAmane akhila bhAratIya zrI jaina zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka zrIsaMgha dvArA pradatta dravya-sahAyatA se mudrita kara prakAzita kiyA hai| isa koSa kA saMpAdana isake nirmAtA pUjyavara kI AjJAnusAra svargIya zrImaddIpavijayajI (zrI vijayabhUpendrasUrijI ) aura munizrI yatIndravijayajI( vartamAnAcArya zrIyatIndrasUrijI )ne kiyA hai| yaha mahA grantharAja bRhadAkAra sAta jildoM meM vibhakta hai| sAtoM bhAgoM kI samucita pRSTha. saMkhyA dasa sahasra ( 10000 ) se bhI adhika hai| yaha prAkRta zabdoM kA mahAsAgara hai| jainoM kA prAyaH aisA koI bhI pAribhASika yA itara zabda nahIM kI jo isa zabda mahArNava meM nahIM hogaa| isakA saMdarbha isa prakAra hai| sarvaprathama varNAnukrama se prAkRta zabda, usakA saMskRta meM anuvAda, liMganirdeza aura usakA artha jo jainAgamoM tathA granthoM meM prApta hai, bhinna-bhinna rIti se dikhalAyA hai| vistRta vivecita zabdoM para pAThakoM kI sugamatA ke liye adhikAra sUciyAM bhI Alekhita haiM; jisase vAcana meM suvidhA hotI hai / yaha mahAn vizva koSa jarmana, jApAna, rUsa, phrAMsa, iMglaiMDa aura amerikA ke vikhyAta pustakAlayoM ko suzobhita kara jaina siddhAnta rahasya ke jijJAsu vidvAnoM ko sacce mAnavadharma kA parama jJAna dikhalA rahA hai / vizva ke khyAtiprApta katipaya vidvAnoM ne isake nirmANakartA kI bhUri-bhUri prazaMsA karate huye isa ko pramANita kiyA hai| saMsthA ke kAryAlaya meM kitane hI prazaMsApatra vidyamAna haiM, jinameM se eka hI pAThakoM ke liye yahA~ uddhRta kiyA jAtA hai| prophesara sara jaoNrja giyarsana ke. sI. AI. I. kembaralI (iMglair3a) tA. 22 di. 1924 ke patra meM likhate haiM kiH " isa virAT graMtharAja kA mudraNakArya aba sampanna hone AyA hai, isa bAta ke liye meM ApakA abhinaMdana karatA huuN| mujhe mere jaina prAkRta ke adhyayana meM isa graMtha kA bahuta sahAya huA hai aura jisa graMtha ke sAtha isakI tulanA maiM kara sakU aisA kevala eka mAtra graMtha mujhe jJAta hai aura vaha rAjA rAdhAkAMtadeva kA prasiddha saMskRta zabdakalpadruma koSa hai|" (2) pAiya saddambuhI (prAkRta zabdAmbudhi ) koSa:-yaha koSa bhI sva. gurudevane hI banAyA hai / isameM prathama varNAnukama se prAkRta zabda, usakA saMskRtAnuvAda, pazcAt liMganirdeza aura hindI meM artha hai / isameM prAkRta ke prAyaH sahasroM zabdoM kA saMgraha hai / parantu isameM abhidhAna rAjendra koSa kI taraha zabdoM para vistRta vyAkhyAe~ nahIM haiM / (aprakAzita) (3)-prAkatavyAkaraNa (vyAkRti ) TIkA-12 vI 13 vIM zatAbdI meM huye
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________________ gurudeva-sAhitya-paricaya / bhArata ke mahAn jyotirdhara kalikAlasarvajJa zrI hemacandrasUrIza praNIta 'zrI siddhahemazabdAnuzAsana ' ke aSTamAdhyAya ( prAkRta ) kI yaha aSTAdazazata zlokapramANa vyAvati nAmaka TIkA svargIya gurudevane vikrama saMvat 1961 meM madhyabhAratastha kukSI meM raha kara nirmita kI hai / vyAkaraNazAstra ke itihAsa ko dekhane se jJAta hotA hai ki prAyaH Aja taka aneka maharSiyoMne vyAkaraNazAstra para vividha prakAra ke TIkA-granthoM kA nirmANa kiyA hai para ve saba gadya saMskRta meM hai; parantu prastuta TIkA padyamaya hai / padyAtmaka hote huye bhI sarala, sundara aura subodha hai / isakI racanA sva. zrI dIpavijayajI ( zrI bhUpendrasUrijI ) aura zrI yatIndra vijayajI ( vartamAnAcArya zrI yatIndrasUrijI ) ina donoM munipravaroM kI vinamra prArthanA se huI hai| yaha bAta isakI prazasti ke tRtIya, paMcama aura SaSTha padya se dhvanita hotI hai| yaha zrI abhidhAna rAjendra koSa ke prathama bhAga meM mudrita ho cukI hai| zrI kalpasUtrArthaprabodhinI:-supararaoNyala 8 pejI sAija / pRSTha saMkhyA 391 / sacitra rezamI jilda / mUlya 3 // ) rupaye / prakAzaka-zrI rAjendra pravacana kAryAlaya, khuDAlA ( rAjasthAna ) / paMcama zrutakevalI zrIbhadrabAhusvAmIpaNIta parama maMgalakArI zrI kalpasUtra kI yaha vistRta TIkA hai| zrIkalpasUtra para itanI sarala evaM vistRta aura rocaka TIkA dUsarI nahIM hai / yadyapi isa paramakalyANakArI sUtra para aneka munipuMgavoMne TIkAeM banAyI haiM; parantu una saba meM yaha TIkA jitanI vizAla, ati sarala aura aneka vizeSatAoM se paripUrNa hai, utanI dUsarI kama hai| yaha grantha nau vyAkhyAnoM meM vibhakta hai| sAhitya-manISiyoM ke 'gacaM kavInAM nikaSaM vadanti' ko sampUrNa rUpa se yahA~ isa racanA meM caritArtha kiyA gayA hai| isakI racanA vikrama saMvat 1954 meM ratalAma (mAlavA) meM rahakara gurudeva ke karakamaloM se sampanna huI hai| (5) akSayatRtIyAkathA-bhagavAn zrIAdinAtha ko dIkSA dhAraNa karate hI pUrvabhavopArjita aMtarAya karma kA udaya hone se eka varSa paryanta nirAhAra hI rahanA par3A thaa| pazcAt bhagavAnane gajapura (hastinApura ) meM apane pautra somaprama ke putra zreyAMsakumAra ke hAthoM se ikSurasa se pAranA kiyA thaa| isakA varNana isa laghukathA meM Alekhita hai| yaha svataMtra mudrita na ho kara zrIabhidhAna rAjendra koSa prathama bhAga ke pRSTha 133 para ' akkhayataiyA ' zabda para mudrita hai| 1-dIpavijayamuninA vA yatIndravijayena ziSyayugmena / vijJaptaH padyamayI prAkRtavivRtiM vidhAtumaham // 3 // ataeva vikramAbde bhUrasanavavidhumite (1961) dazamyAM tu / vijayAkhyAM cAturmAsye'haM kukasInagare // 5 // hemacandrasaMracitaprAkRtasUtrArthabodhinI vivRtim / padyamayIM sacchandovRndai ramyAmakArSamimAm // 6 // 12
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha (6) kharparataskaraprabandha-(padya) paraduHkhabhaMjaka mahArAjA vikramAditya ke zAsanakAla meM kharpara nAmaka eka cora avanti aura usake nikaTavartI pradeza kI prajA ko nijAdhama kRtyoM se parezAna karatA thA / use yenakena prakAreNa parAsta karane kA prayatna rAjA aura rAjakarmacAriyoMne kiye parantu ve saba viphala hI rahe / anta meM svayaM vikramane mahAbhagIratha prayatnoM se use parAsta kara hI diyaa| basa isI bAta kA varNana svargIya zrIgurudevane saMskRta ke karIba 800 vividha zlokoM meM pranthita kiyA hai| (7) zrI kalpasUtravAlAvabodha-racanA saMvat 1940 / supararaoNyala aSTa pejI sAija / pRSThasaMkhyA 475 / mUlya 4 rupaye / mAlavA, mAravAr3a aura gujarAta nivAsI jaina zrI saMghoM kI prArthanA se paramapUjya zAsanarakSaka gurudevane yaha sarasa evaM sundara bhASA TIkA nirmita kI hai| vartamAna meM jitane bhI kalpasUtra ke bhASAntara prakAzita haiM una saba se yaha adhika sugama aura prAsAdazailI meM racita hai| (8) zrI gacchAcAra payannA-vRtti-bhASAntara:-krAuna aSTa pejI sAija / pRSThasaMkhmA 381 / prakAzaka zrI bhUpendrasUri sAhitya-samiti, Ahora (raajsthaan)| mUlya mAtra do rupaye / yaha grantha tIna adhikAroM (1 AcAryasvarUpa / 2 yatisvarUpa / 3 sAdhvIsvarUpa nirUpaNa ) meM vibhAjita ho kara 137 prAkRta gAthApramANa hai| isa para vikrama saM. 1634 meM zrI AnandavimalasUrIzvaracaraNareNu zrI vijayavimala gaNIne 5850 zlokapramANa TIkA banAI hai| usI TIkA kA paramapUjya gurudevane vi. saM. 1944 ke pauSa mahIne meM bhASAntara kiyA hai / bhASAntara meM kahIM kahIM TIkA se bhI adhika vivecana kiyA gayA hai| jisakA spaSTIkaraNa gurudevane maMgalAcaraNa meM hI kara diyA hai / yaha grantha zramaNa aura zramaNI-saMgha ke samasta AcAra-vicAroM kA mukhya vivecaka hai| pratyeka sAdhu va sAdhvI ko eka bAra ise vAcanA hI caahiye| (9) paryaSaNASTAhnikA-vyAkhyAna bhASAntara ( patrAkAra ) supararaoNyala bArA pejI / pRSThasaMkhyA 118 / mUlya 10 AnA / racanA saM0 1927 / kharataragacchIya zrIkSamAkalyANajI vAcakapraNIta saMskRta vyAkhyAna kA yaha bhASAntara mAlavI-mAravAr3I bhASA mizrita hai| gurudevane saMskRta bhASAnabhijJoM ke hitArtha yaha anuvAda sarala bhASA meM taiyAra kiyA hai jo mUla-saMskRtasaha mudrita huvA hai| (10) prAkRta zabda rUpAvalI-prAkRta bhASA hamAre prAcIna kAla kI loka(jana) bhASA rahI hai / parama pAvana zrItIrthakara bhagavAn isI bhASA meM dezanA dete the / Ajakala yaha 1-gacchAcAraprakIrNasya TIkAM lokasubhASayA / kurvavRtyanusAreNa cAdhikA kutracityapi // 2 //
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________________ gurudeva-sAhitya-paricaya / prAcIna janabhASA zAstrIya-bhASA hI raha gaI hai| isakA pracAra janatA meM nahIM rahA, ataH isake Adhunika abhyAsiyoM ko abhyAsa karate samaya zabdoM ke zuddharUpa yAda karane meM atyadhika kaThinatA kA sAmanA karanA par3atA hai| karuNAsAgara gurudevane vidyArthiyoM ke abhyAsakAThinya ko sarala banAne ke zubhAzaya se isakI saMkalanA kI hai| isameM pratyeka zabda ke vibhakti para aneka vaikalpika rUpa bhI yathAsthAna dikhalAye haiM / yaha * abhidhAna rAjendra koSa' ke prathama bhAga meM tRtIya pariziSTa para mudrita hai| (11) zrItatvaviveka-racanA saMvat 1945 / raoNyala SaT pejI sAIja / pRSThasaMkhyA 128 / isa pustaka meM paramapUjya gurudevane deva, guru aura dharma ina tIna tatvoM para zreSThatara vivecana bAlagamya bhASA meM kiyA hai / sarala rIti hone ke kAraNa sAdhAraNa medhAvI vyakti ko bhI tritatva samajhane ke liye yaha atyuttama grantha hai| (12) zrI devavandanamAlA:-krAuna 16 pejI sAija / pR. saM. 133 / isa pustaka meM jJAnapaMcamI, caumAsI, siddhAcala, navapada aura divAlI ke devavandana haiM / yaha deva. vandanamAlA nAma ke devavandanoM kA saMgraha itanI priya pustaka hai ki isake cAra-cAra saMskaraNa prakAzita hone para bhI Aja yaha grantha aprApya-sA hai| yahI isakI upAdeyatA kA sabala pramANa hai| (13) zrI jinopadezamaMjarI:-krAuna 16 pejI saaij| pRSThasaMkhyA 70 / isa pustaka meM rocaka kathAnakoM se prabhupraNIta tatvoM ko yathArtha prakAra se samajhAyA gayA haiN| isake pratyeka kathAnaka kI zailI usa samaya kI lokabhogya zailI hai| (14-15) dhanasAra-aghaTakumAra caupAI:-racanA saM. 1932 raoNyala 16 pejI sAija / pRSThasaMkhyA 40 / prathama caupAI caityabhakti-phaladarzaka aura dvitIya caupAI punyaphaladarzaka hai / prathama kA pramANa dohoM sahita 11 DhAleM aura dUsarI kA pramANa dohoM sahita 12 dAleM haiM / pratyeka dAla bhinna-bhinna dezI rAgoM meM varNita hai, jo vyavasthita prakAra se gAne yogya hai| (16) praznottara puSpavATikA-racanA saM. 1936 / pR. saM. 62 / DemI 12 pejI sAija / isa grantha meM usa samaya ke vivAdAspada praznoM kA tathA aura bhI itara praznoM kA sundaratama zailI se nirAkaraNa kiyA gayA hai / praznoM ke pratyuttara meM gurudevane zAstrIya AjJA ko zreSTha, tama rUpa se janatA ke samakSa rakkhA hai / isakI bhASA loka( jana )bhogya bhASA hai, jisake kAraNa sAdhAraNa vyakti bhI saralatA se samajha sakatA hai|
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________________ 92 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha (17) sakalaizcaryastotra:-isa stotra meM jambUdvIpIya eka mahAvidehakSetra meM, dhAtakI. khaNDa ke do mahAvideha meM aura puSkaravarArdhadvIpa ke do mahAvideha kSetra meM vidyamAna zrI sImandhara svAmI Adi bIsa viharamAna tIrthaMkara bhagavantoM kI bhaktipUrNa hRdaya se stavanA kI gayI hai| yaha 24 zlokapramANa stotra zrI gurudevane vi. saM. 1936 meM banAyA hai / yaha zrI zAntasudhArasa. bhAvanA, paMcasaptatizatasthAnacatuSpadI aura zrI prabhustavana-sudhAkara meM mudrita huvA hai| ( 18 ) holikA vyAkhyAna (gadya-saMskRta ) bhAratIya janatA phAlguna mahine ke sudi pakSa meM holI nAma kA parva azlIla ceSTApUrNa rIti se manAtI hai| jo vAstava meM karmasiddhAntAnusAra karmabandhana karatA hai / isa azlIlatAmaya parva kI upapatti vAstava meM kisa prakAra aura kaise huI isakA gurudevane isa grantha meM varNana kiyA hai| yaha zrI rAjendrapravacana kAryAlaya, khuDAlA se prakAzita ' caritracatuSTaya ' meM mudrita huvA hai / (19) paMcasaptatizatasthAna catuSpadI:-racanA saM. 1946 / sAija krAuna 16 pejii| pRSTha 175 / prakAzaka zrI rAjendrapravacana kAryAlaya, mu. khuDAlA (raajsthaan)| tapAgacchIya zrI somatilakasUriviracita 359 prAkRtagAthA pramANa-sattarisaya ThANA pagaraNA (saptatizatasthAna prakaraNa) grantha jisakI rAjasUragacchIya zrI deva vijayaracita ati sarala saMskRta vRtti bhI hai usIke AdhAra para yaha grantha gurudevane siyANA (rAjasthAna ) meM raha kara banAyA hai / gurudevane ukta prakaraNagata viSaya ke isa prakaraNa meM pAMca sthAna aura bhI adhika parivardhita kiye haiN| grantha chaH ullAsoM meM vibhakta hai| isakI racanA bhA~ti-bhA~ti ke dohoM-chandoM-caupAiyoM aura rAgoM meM kI hai| yaha prazasti ke sAtha saba mila kara 559 padya pramANa hai| (20) prabhu-stavana-sudhAkaraH-bhautikavAda ke isa vilAsI yuga meM prAkRta aura saMskRta kA pracAra nahIM hone se sAdhAraNa janatA ukta bhASAkIya granthoM aura kAvyoM se ucita lAbha nahIM le sktii| ataeva usake liye dezIbhASA meM sAhitya aura kAvya honA hI lAbhakara hai / isI vastusthiti ko lakSya meM rakha kara gurudeva zrIrAjendrasUrIzane caityavandana, stutistavana aura sajjhAyoM kA nirmANa kiyA hai / Apa ke nirmita padyo meM apabhraMza zabda bhI haiM, jo unakI zobhA meM atIva vRddhi karate haiN| gurudevane samaya-samaya para jo caityavaMdana, stuti, stavana aura sajjhAyeM banAI haiM ve prAyaH saba isa 'prabhu stavana-sudhAkara' meM saMgRhIta haiM / gurudevaracita ina dezI kAvyoM meM arthagAMbhIrya, aura adhyAtmika bhAva paripUrNa rUpa se vidyamAna haiN| Apa ke kRta stavanoM meM kitane hI stavana aise bhI haiM ki jo prasiddha-adhyAtmayogI zrI AnandaghanajI ke padyoM kA smaraNa
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________________ gurudeva-sAhitya paricaya / karAte haiM / isa saMgraha ke stutya prayAsa kA zreya vayovRddha saMyamasthavira munizrI lakSmIvijayajI ko hai / isakA prakAzana zrI bhUpendrasUri sAhitya-samiti, Ahora se huvA hai| 1 caityavandana caturviMzatikA, 2 jinastuti caturviMzatikA aura 3 jinastavana catu. viMzatikA / 4 Avazyaka vidhigarbhita zrI zAMtinAtha-stavana / 5 puMDarikAdhyayana-sajjhAya / 6 sAdhu vairAgyAcAra-sajjhAya / 7, 23 padavIvicAra-sajjhAya ! 8 copar3akhelana svarUpasajjhAya aura zrIkezariyAnAthavinatikaraNa vRddha stavana bhI isI grantha meM hI mudrita haiN| (21-22) zrI siddhacakrapUjA aura zrI mahAvIra paMcakalyANakapUjA-prathama pUjA meM arihaMta, siddha, AcArya, upAdhyAya, sAdhu, jJAna, darzana, cAritra aura tapa ina (9) padoM kA aura dvitIya pUjA meM carama tIrthapati ahiMsAvatAra zramaNa bhagavAn zrI mahAvIra deva ke cyavana, janma, dIkSA, kevalajJAna aura mokSa ina pAMca kalyANakoM kI sarasa aura manohara rAgoM meM varNanAtmaka-racanA kI hai| ye pUjAe~ zrI ' jinendra pUjAmahodadhi' aura 'zrI jinendra pUjAsaMgraha ' meM mudrita ho cukI haiN| (63) eka sau ATha bola kA thokar3A-krAuna 16 pejI sAija / pRSThasaMkhyA 116 / amUlya / isa pustaka meM mananIya 108 bAtoM kA anupama saMgraha hai| alpamatI jIvoM ko yaha pustaka atyadhika upayogI hai| (24) zrI rAjendrasUryodaya (gUrjara ) AkAra DemI aSTa pejii| pRSThasaMkhyA 58 / paramapUjya gurudevane apane vidvAn ziSyamaMDala sahita vi. saM. 1960 kA cAturmAsa gujarAta ke prasiddha nagara sUrata (sUryapura) meM kiyA thaa| isa varSAvAsa meM caturthastutika matAvalambiyoM se carcA-vArtA huI thI, usakA isameM pramANoM ke sAtha satya-satya varNana Alekhita hai| jijJAsu ko yaha pustaka avazya par3hanA cAhiye / isI varSAvAsa meM Apane vikhyAta zrI abhidhAna rAjendra koSa ko sampUrNa kiyA thaa| (25) kamalapramA-zuddharahasya ___ AkAra DemI aSTa pejI / pR. saM. 51 / sthAnakavAsI sAdhvI zrI pArvatIjI kI satyArthacandrodaya pustaka meM zrI mahAnizItha sUtrokta kamalaprabhAcArya ke liye jo asatya pralApa kiyA gayA hai usIkA hI isa meM pramANa sahita mArmika bhASA meM khaMDana kiyA gayA hai| gurudevane isa prakAra apane jIvanakAla meM 61 choTe-bar3e grantha nirmita kiye haiN| jina meM se upara likhe grantha mudrita ho gaye haiN| zeSa amudrita zrI rAjendra jainAgama bRhad jJAnabhaMDAra, Ahora ( mAravAr3a-rAjasthAna ) meM tathA anya sthAnoM para surakSita haiN|
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pratha amudrita granthoM kI nAmAvalI isa prakAra hai| amudrita granthaH1 holikA prabaMdha saar| 2 siddhAnta-prakAza (khaMDanAtmaka ) / 3 kalyANamandira stotra prakriyAvRtti / 4 siddhAnta bola sAgara / 5 upAsakadazAGga-sUtra bhASAntara / 6 svarodayajJAna yaMtrAvalI / 7 upadezaratnasAra gadya saMskRta / 8 dIpamAlikA kathA gadya saMskRta / 9 kharpara taskara-prabaMdha padyabaddha / 10 uttamakumAropanyAsa ( gadya saMskRta ) / 11 saba gAhApayaraNa (sUktisaMgraha ) / 12 munipati rAjarSi caupAI / 13 trailokyadIpikA-yaMtrAvalI / 14 catuHkarmagrantha-akSarArtha / 15 paMcAkhyAna kthaasaar| 16 par3Avazyaka-akSarArtha / 17 dvASaSThimArgaNA-yaMtrAvalI / 18 pAiyasaddambuhI koza / 19 sArasvata vyAkaraNa bhASATIkA / 20 karturIpsitatamaM karma zloka vyAkhyA / 21 saptatizatasthAna-yaMtrAbalI / 22 jambudvIpaprajJaptisUtra-bIjaka (suucii)| 23 hIrapraznottara-bIjaka / 24 candrikA-dhAtupATha taraMga padyabaddha / 25 SadravyavicAra / 26 praSTra caupaaii|
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________________ saccA rahabara munazI phataha mahammadakhA~ vakIla, nimbAher3A / duniyAM meM kaI majahaba cAlU haiM aura unake pairo bhI lAkhoM kI tAdAda meM / hara majahaba meM apane AIna para sakhtI ke sAtha pAbandI karAnevAle kucha loga hote haiM jo hakIkatana bahuta bujurga, sIdhe, sacce, neka aura rahamadila parahejagAra hote haiN| alA hAjala kayAsa jaina majahaba meM bhI eka pAka insAna rAjendrasUri gujare haiM jo sahI mAnA meM phakIra the| bAda taha. sIle iramadIna va dunayavI, phajIlata una ke supurda huI aura lAkhoM AdamI unake pairo hue jo Aja taka maujUda haiN| acche loga acchAI meM aura bhale bhalAI meM hI apanI jindagI gujArate haiM / Apake vAaja dilacaspa aura jUda-asara hote the jinako marUlUka ne sunakara amala kiyA aura sudhAra bhI kiyaa| itane para bhI tasallI nahIM huI, vaha samajhate the ki jindagI canda rojA hai aura isake sAtha nasIhata khatma ho jaaygii| lihAjA apane khayAlAta kA ijhAra kitAboM ke jariye zuru kiyA jo rahatI duniyAM taka kAyama rahakara makhlUka kI bhalAI kara sakegA aura hara muzkila ko AsAna banAne meM kAragara sAbita hogaa| mausUpha ne takarIbana 61 kitAbeM tasnIpha kI jo apanI noiyata meM muphIda aura Thosa sAbita huI / ina kitAboM ke paDhane se mausUpha kI sacAI, dariyAdilI, akhalAsa, akhalAka, rahamadilI, munsipha mijAjI aura istakalAla kA khuda ba khuda patA laga jAtA hai / ina kitAboM ke minjumalA eka kitAba lagata mosUmA 'zrI abhidhAna rAjendra bRhad vizvakoSa ' to itanA makabUla huvA ki jisakI zoharata hindustAna meM hI nahIM balki gaira mumAlika ke ulamA meM bhI joroM se hai| isa meM prAkRta jabAna kA tarjumA saMskRta meM kiyA gayA hai / isa kitAba ke likhane meM mausUpha ko kitanI takalIpha va mahanata karanI paDI hogI isakA andAjA ahale najara khuda lagA sakate haiM / vaise isakI jakhAmata va alphAja kI tAdAda se bhI vAje hai / jaina majhahaba meM ahiMsA dharma para saba se jyAdA jora diyA gayA hai lihAjA maiM samajhatA hUM ki mausUpha ne ina kitAboM kI tasnIpha isI najariye pharamAI hai ki jisase hara insAna apanI muzkilAta kA sahI rAstA nikAla sake / jaba koI musanika kisI mukAma para likhate-likhate aTaka jAtA hai to usako intihAse jyAdA takalIpha aura becenI mahasUsa hotI hai aura usa vakta taka una takalIpha meM muktilA rahatA hai jaba
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________________ 96 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka - graMtha taka ki usakA sahI hala na ho jAya / maiM to yahI kahUMgA ki eka musannipha kI takalIka ko hala kara denA bhI usa se kahIM jyAdA savAba hai jitanA ki eka kasAI kI churI ke nIce se bakarI ko bacAnA / kyoM ki bakarI ko to usakI jAna nikalane taka hI takalIpha kA ahasAsa hotA hai magara musannipha usa vaksa parezAnI va takalIpha se becena rahatA hai, jabataka ki usase vaha laphja sahI na ho jAya / mausUphakI ye kitAbeM unakI ina muzkilAta ko hala karane meM kAphI madada kreNgii| maiM to yahI kahUMgA ki isa lugata ko likha kara ahiMsA dharma ke samajhane meM khula (kamI ) raha gaI thI use pUrA kara diyA / inakI isa tasnIpha se kaI bhUle-bhaTake loga saccA rAstA pA skeNge| ina kitAboM se rahatI duniyAM taka ina kA nAma amara rahegA aura isa se beintihA phAyadA hAsila kregii| maiM ina sacce rahabara kI dila se kadara karatA hU~ aura pAka paravaradigAra ke hujUra meM duAgo hU~ ki aise sacce rahabara hamezA nAjila kare ! aamiin|
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________________ prAtaHsmaraNIya satpuruSa aura hamArA karttavya sUrajacanda satyapremI ( DA~gI) duniyA aise hI satpuruSoM kA nitya smaraNa rakhatI hai jisane pravAha meM bahate hue prANiyoM ko punaH sanmArga para sthira kiyA ho / bhagavAn mahAvIrasvAmIne apane upAsakoM ke liye eka vizeSaNa kA prayoga kiyA hai: "paDi soya gAmI" srota se ulTA calanevAlA arthAt-saMsAra jisa ora jArahA hai usa tarapha se use mor3a kara zuddhimaya jIvana kI ora lagAnevAlA hI saccA sAdhaka hai / gItA meM bhI yahI kahA hai: " yA nizA sarvabhUtAnAm , tasyAM jAgati saMyamI / __yasyAM jAgrati bhUtAni, sA nizA pazyato muneH||" saba prANiyoM ke liye jo rAtri hai, saMyamI prANiyoM ke liye vahI jAgrati kA sthAna hai| arthAt saMyama ke mArga meM hama loga soye hue haiM aura satpuruSa jAga rahe haiN| aura prANI jahAM jAga rahe haiM saMyamI vahIM soye haiM / arthAt mamatva ke mArga meM hama saba jAgrata haiM aura samatva ke mArga meM soye haiM / santa, mahanta mamatva ke mArga meM soye haiM aura samatva meM jAgrata haiN| tAtparya yaha hai ki jo satpuruSa hameM viSayoM ke cakkara meM se nikAla kara zAnti ke rAste para bar3hane kI preraNA de usIkA smaraNa karane yogya hai| Aja hama jisa mahApuruSa kI arddhazatAbdI mahotsava ke upalakSa meM abhinandana-grantha bheMTa karane jA rahe haiM vaha aise hI mahAn AtmA kI smRti hai jisane saMgha ke cAroM pAyoM kA Andolana kiyA thA / jaina tIrtha ke sAdhu-sAdhvI aura zrAvaka-zrAvikA mAnavatA ke mUlya ko bhUla gaye the aura saMsAra kI tuccha AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti ke liye saMvara-dharma kI zuddha upAsanA ke samaya bhI deva, guru, dharma ke sAtha devI-devatAoM kI stuti meM mana lagAte the| ujjvala sAtvika sIdhesAdhe veSa ko chor3a kara sAdhu-sAdhvI bhI zaukIna bana gaye the aura sAMsArika AvazyakatAoM se citta ko nahIM haTA kara vItarAga ke pavitra dharma kI ora mur3ane ke sthAna para svayaM bhI kIcar3a meM phaste jA rahe the / unheM isa kIcar3a meM se isa satpuruSane jhaTakA dekara ubAra liyA / arihanto maha devo, jAvajIvaM susAhuNa guruNo / jiNapaNNattaM tattaM, ia sammataM mae gahiyaM //
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________________ ___ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha samyagdarzana kA lakSaNa hI yaha hai ki vItarAga arhanta prabhu hamAre deva haiN| jIvana paryanta paMca mahAvratadhArI nigrantha hamAre guru haiM aura jinendra bhagavAna dvArA kahA huvA mArga hamArA dharma / isa prakAra deva, guru aura dharma ke prati ananya bhakti hI sanmArga kA prathama sopAna hai| maiM phira yaha nivedana karUMgA ki Aja sabhI sampradAyoM meM samanvaya karane kA yuga hai; parantu samanvaya ke nAma para vikRtiyoM kA samanvaya nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| 'satveSu maitrI' ... saba prANiyoM meM maitrI hamArA nArA hai; parantu isakA yaha artha nahIM ki hama pApiyoM ke pApa se, doSiyoM ke doSa se bhI maitrI kreN| coroM ko daNDa dene se jaise rAjA kA prajA ke prati samAna bhAvarUpa prema ke paMtha meM koI bAdhA nahIM pahuMcatI balki sarva hita kI sAdhanA hI kahalAtI hai / usI prakAra vikRtiyoM ko dUra karane se samabhAva kI avahelanA nahIM hai-ulTI puSTi hI hotI hai| ghara kA kUr3A-karakaTa sAfa karanA ghara kA apamAna nahIM-sammAna hI hai| usI prakAra apane premiyoM kI vikRti ko dUra karanA eka pavitra kartavya hI samajhanA cAhiye / parantu vaha vikRti hama tabhI dUra kara sakate haiM jaba hama svayaM susaMskRta, sadAcArI aura suzIla ho / jo jhADU kacare se bharA hai vaha saphAI ke kAma kA nahIM hai| isa liye hama apane samyaktvI upAsakoM se yaha prArthanA karate haiM ki usa prAtaHsmaraNIya svargastha AtmA ke janma evaM nirvANa-utsava ke prasaMga para yaha saMkalpa kareM ki apane vikAroM ko hama dhoyeM aura phira maMgala bhAvanAoM kA pracAra karane ke liye Age AveM / kisI bhI saMpradAya ke mUla puruSa kA uddezya yahI hotA hai ki vaha pracalita zithilatAoM ko dUra karake sAmUhika rUpa se sadbhAvanA aura sadAcAra ko poSaNa detA hai| zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajIne to koI naI sampradAya bhI nahIM banAI / jo upAsaka jaina dharma kI saMyama-pradhAnatA ko gauNa karate the unheM sAvadhAna kiyA aura mAnavatA ke mUlya ko devatAoM se bhI adhika btaayaa| isaliye hameM jaina dharma ke tyAgabhAva kI kImata adhika se adhika baDhAnA cAhiye / yaha manovaijJAnika tathya hai ki hama jisa vastu kA mUlya karate haiM usI tarapha duniyAM jhukatI hai| kyoM ki yaza kI icchA pratyeka chadmasta meM nyUnAdhika rUpa se rahatI hI hai / isaliye agara hama tyAga kA mUlya kareMge to janatA tyAga kI tarapha jhukegI aura bhoga kA mUlya kareMge to bhoga kI tarafa jhukegii| rAjendra-smRti kA sAra yahI hai ki hama tyAga-bhAva kI stuti kareM, jisase janasAdhAraNa ke mana kI pravRtti usI ora bddh'e|
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________________ zrImadvijayarAjendrasUriH eka mahAn sAhitya-sevI saubhAgyasiMha gokharu ema. e., ela. ela. bI. 'sAhityaratna' jaina saMskRti ke mAhAtmya ke sambandha meM prophesara meksamUlara, berisTara campatarAya, mahAn viduSI enIbisenTa aura kaI jainAcArya va santoM kA prAyaH eka mata hai / sabhI yaha kahate haiM ki " jaina dharma meM jo bArIkI hai vaha anyatra kahA~ !" yaha bAta kevala jaina zAstroM kA adhyayana kara hI kahIM gaI ho, so nahI hai / ina sabhI vidvAnoMne vizva meM pracalita sabhI dharmoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana karane ke bAda hI yaha tathyapUrNa bAta kahI hai| jaina siddhAntoM kA pracAra vizeSa kara AcAryoM aura santoMne hI kiyA hai| zrAvaka tathA anuyAyI isa ora se nizcinta se rahe haiN| hA~, yaha to mAnanA hI par3egA ki kucheka videzI vidvAnoMne isa darzana ke prati apanI abhiruci dikhalAI aura ve apane satprayAsa meM bahuta Age bar3ha gae haiN| ina udbhaTa vidvAnoM ne yA to ise apane jIvana kA eka lakSa samajha kara yaha satprayAsa kiyA yA 'jIvana meM-satyaM zivaM sundaram kyA hai ? ' isakI khoja meM apane Apako khapA diyA / vastutaH inakA kAma sarAhanIya hai| aisA karake inhoMne vizva kA bar3A upakAra kiyA hai / aise hI udbhaTa vidvAnoM aura sAhitya-manISiyoM meM zrImadvijayarAjendrasUri kA sthAna hai, jinhoMne apanI AtmA ke kalyANa ke sAtha hI sAtha vizva kI bar3I hI saccI sAhitya-sevA kI hai / aneka santa tapasyA kara apanI AtmA ko unnata banAne meM rata dekhe jAte haiM / unheM usase bAhara kucha karanA nahIM suhAtA / unheM apane darzana ke, jisa ke antargata ve dIkSita hue haiM, prasAra athavA pracAra kI bhI cintA nahIM rahatI / ve zAstroM kA adhyayana va manana na karate hoM aisI bAta nahIM; para ve adhikatara -- svAntaH sukhAya' hI rahate haiM / apane darzana kA vyAkhyAna karate bhI haiM to unakA abhiprAya kevala apanI sampradAya athavA apanI samAja ko usase vijJa karane yA banAe rakhane ke hetu / Aja jo duniyA ko saba se bar3I bAta mAnya hai, va jisa kA nizi-dina pracAra va prasAra dekhane meM AtA hai vaha yaha ki 'saba ke bhale meM apanA bhalA nihita hai|' isa mahAn tathya para Aja ke kucheka mahApuruSoM kA hI dhyAna ekAgra ho pAyA hai aura ve jI-jAna se isa ora juTa par3e haiN| gAMdhIjI kI ahiMsA jo jaina dharma kA mUla siddhAnta hai, vizva meM bar3e vega se prazraya pA rahA hai aura sabhI rASTra isa siddhAnta ke taMtra ko svIkAra karate, dikhAI de rahe haiM / yaha bAta maiM mAnane ko taiyAra hU~ ki 'jaina santa (10)
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________________ 100 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha kabhI kisI kA aniSTa nahIM karate, cIMTI taka ko kaSTa nahIM pahuMcAte / ' isaliye zrImadvijayarAjendrasUri apanA bhinna dRSTikoNa rakha kara saMyama meM vicare aura vizAla evaM vyApaka kSetra meM apanA sAhityika samasta jIvana yApana kiyA / mahAn vidUSI enIvisenTa aura cArlsa eNDrayUz2a ko kauna nahIM jAnatA ! vaha bhAratIya saMskRti meM aise raMge gae ki unheM apanA deza chor3a kara bhAratIya bananA par3A / videzoM meM bhAratIya saMskRti ke prati ucca dhAraNA banAne meM inakA vizeSa hAtha hai / jaina darzana ke pracAra kI abhI bar3I AvazyakatA hai aura khAsa kara isa hAiDrojana aura eTama bama ke yuga meM / kucheka sAhitya - manISiyoMne apane unnata mastiSka aura athaka parizrama se vizva ko Azcarya meM DAla diyA hai / vAstava meM kAma bhI aisA hI kiyA hai jo dUsaroM kI zakti ke bAhara kI cIja hai / zrImadvijaya rAjendrasUrIzvara ne 'bRhad - rAjendra - vizva koSa ' sAta bhAgoM meM likha kara videzI vidvAnoM kI AMkheM khola dIM, unameM isake darzana ke prati utsAha bar3hA / vizva ke sabhI bar3e pustakAlayoM meM isa grantharAja kI pratiyA~ surakSita haiM jo videzI vidvAnoM ko jaina darzana aura sAhitya kI jAnakArI karAne meM sahAyatA karatI haiM aura unake aise mArga ko sugama banAtI hai / AcAryazrI ne apane jIvanakAla meM lagabhaga ikasaTha granthoM kI racanA kI jo unake gaMbhIra adhyayana, manana aura unakI buddhimattA evaM vidvattA kA paricAyaka haiM / AcAryazrI Aja hamAre madhya nahIM haiM; para unake dvArA viracita sAhitya unake nAma kA sadaiva vizva meM jayaghoSa karatA rahegA / aba ' abhidhAna rAjendra prAkRta mahAkoSa' para saMkSepa meM vicAra kiyA jAtA hai / isa koSa kI racanA bahuta sundaratA se kI gaI hai arthAt jo bAta dekhanA ho vaha usI zabda para mila sakatI hai / saMdarbha isakA isa prakAra rakhA gayA hai| pahale to akArAdi varNAnukrama se prAkRta zabda, usake bAda unakA saMskRta meM anuvAda, phira vyutpatti, liGganirdeza aura unakA artha jaisA jainAgamoM meM mila sakatA hai dikhalA diyA gayA hai / bar3e bar3e zabdoM para adhikAra - sUcI nambaravAra dI gaI hai jisase haraeka bAta sugamatA se mila sakatI hai / jainAgamoM kA aisA koI bhI viSaya nahIM rahA jo isa mahA koSa meM na AyA ho / kevala isa koSa ke hI dekhane se sampUrNa jainAgamoM kA bodha ho sakatA hai / aura akArAdi varNAnukrama se hajAroM prAkRta zabdoM kA saMgraha hai / isa mahAkoSa para vicAra karate samaya milTana kI yaha paMkti anAyAsa hI yAda AjAtI haiM : 1 :
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________________ zrImadvijayarAjendrasUri : eka mahAna saahity-sevii| "A good book is the precious life blood of a master spirit embalmed and treasured up for life beyond life." zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrine isa mahAkoSa kI racanA karane meM apanA jIvana hI samApta kara diyaa| unhoMne yaha satprayatna aise samaya meM kiyA thA jaba vizva ko aise mahAkoSa kI bar3I hI AvazyakatA thI / vAstava meM unhoMne isa grantha kI racanA kara sAhityika mahArathiyoM meM apanA nAma amara kara liyA hai| AcAryazrI kA dUsarA grantha 'sahabuhi koSa' hai| isa meM akArAdikrama se prAkRta zabdoM kA saMgraha kiyA gayA hai aura usake saMskRta-anuvAda ke sAtha usakA artha hindI meM diyA gayA hai| kintu abhidhAna rAjendra koSa kI taraha zabdoM para vyAkhyA nahIM kI huI hai| yaha grantha bar3e kAma kA hai, parantu duHkha hai ki yaha abhI aprakAzita hI hai / isa prakAra uttamottama granthoM kI racanA kara AcAryazrIne jaina dharmAnuyAiyoM para tathA itara janoM para bhI pUrNa upakAra kiyA hai| AcAryazrIne jainadarzana aura vizva kI jo sAhitya-sevA kI hai vaha sadaiva cirasmaNIya rahegI / unake mAnasa meM yaha bAta acchI taraha ghara kara gaI thI ki jaina saMskRti satsAhitya dvArA hI jIvita raha sakatI hai aura unhoMne apanA jIvana isa dizA meM mor3a diyA aura unheM AzAtIta saphalatA prApta huii| unake jIvanarUpI tarAjU ke donoM palar3e barAbara the / unhoMne apanI AtmA ko unnata banAne meM bhI kucha uThA na rakkhA aura jainadarzana ko anuprANita karane meM bhI apanA sArA jIvana hI lagA diyA / ve dUradarzI the| una para yaha prakaTa ho cukA thA ki Age calakara jainadarzana kI mahattA tabhI banI raha sakatI hai, jaba ki usake mUla tatvoM ko lekara satsAhitya kA vikAsa ho aura acche granthoM kI racanA ho / unhoMne kevala socA hI nahIM varan eka lagana aura niSThA ke sAtha isa punIta kArya ko karake dikhA diyA / unheM apane prayAsa se AzA se bhI adhika saphalatA prApta huI aura unakA yaha prayAsa mUrtarUpa hokara hI rhaa| yahAM ke jaina aura jainetara kI to bAta hI kyA videzI vidvAn bhI unake isa satprayAsa kI bhUri-bhUri prazaMsA karate hue nahIM aghAte /
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________________ yugapravartaka zrIrAjendrasUrijI / nihAlacaMda phojamalajI jaina. sekreTrI - rAjendra pravacana kAryAlaya, khur3AlA sadI kA yuga aura bhautikavAda kA utthAna / samAja kA dhArmika jIvana pAkhaMDatA ke netRtva meM zvAsozvAsa le rahA thA aura logoM kA AkarSaNa tyAga tathA AtmakalyANa se haTakara vilAsa aura bhautika vikAsa kI ora bar3ha rahA thaa| mAnava vijJAna kI sahAyatA se prakRti ke A~gana meM aneka prayoga karane lagA / phalasvarUpa mAnavane bhautika sukha meM khUba vRddhi kI / vaha dharma aura tapasyA se haTa gayA / dharma kA sthAna dhIre 2 vilAsitA le rahI thI / yuga ke prabhAva se koI achUtA nahIM rhaa| kyA rAjanItijJa, kyA sAdhu, kyA saMta, kyA rAjA, kyA raMka samAja kA hara aMga, hara pahalU vaijJAnika vikAsa se prabhAvita ho gyaa| hamAre jaina sAdhu bhI isa bhautikavAda se achUte nahIM rahe / bAgaDora sAdhuoM se nikalakara ke mugala vaMza ke hrAsa ke sAtha hI sAtha jaina zAsana kI yatiyoM ke hAthoM meM Ane lagI thI / yati logoM kA dhyAna janatA kalyANa kI ora na lagakara, bholI-bhAlI janatA para hamezA ke liye prabhAva kAyama rakhane ke liye gayA / unheM samAja ke kucha svArthI tatvoM kA bar3A sahArA milA / jaina itihAsa meM yaha pahalA pahalA avasara thA, jabaki jaina zAsana ke karNadhAra jo ki tyAga, sevA aura tapasyA kI divyamUrti ke rUpa meM vizva-vikhyAta the, jinheM jindagI ke vailAsika pahalU se vairAgya thA, ve hI aba vilAsavAda aura bhautikavAda ke karNadhAra bana gaye / ve logoM ko sacce mArga se haTAkara andhavizvAsa ke aMdhakUpa meM Dhakelane lage / bhole-bhAle loga unake prabhAva meM par3a kara kaThaputalI kI taraha nAcate the aura unakI upAsanA kA eka mAtra lakSya vItarAga prabhu se haTa kara anya mithyAtvI devI-devatAoM, bhUtoM aura pretoM kI ora gyaa| loga prabhu ke batAye hue siddhAntoM se dUra bhaTaka gaye / jaina itihAsa tyAga aura sevA ke udAharaNoM se bharA par3A hai / jaba kabhI bhI samAja ke vyavahArika pahalU meM vilAsitA kA jora hotA hai, mAnava kI AtmA cAroM ora Thokare khAkara nirAza ho jAtI hai aura usa samaya koI na koI mahApuruSa janma lekara tyAga, balidAna, sevA ke bala se logoM kI AtmA ko zAnti detA hai aura unakI bhaTakI huI nirAza AtmA kA netRtva kara unako AtmakalyANa kA mArga dikhAtA hai / ( 11 )
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________________ yugapravartaka zrIrAjendrasUrijI 103 samAja eka aisI saMgIna sthiti meM gujara rahA thA / una yatiyo meM bhI ukta yati thA, bilkula sAdhAraNa AkRti, tejasvI, dubalA-patalA, kevala haDDiyoM kA DhAcA, sAdhAraNa k dhArI, ghuTanoM taka colapaTA; parantu mahAtyAgI sAdhu / zarIra ko dekha kara yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki yahI puruSa sAdhu va yati samAja kI gandagI ko samUla jalA degA | isa kSINakAya vyaktine, logoM kI jindagI kI patavAra ko jo ki andha vizvAsa va bhautikatA ke bha~vara kI ora jA rahI thI, jisake khIvaiyA lAlabI va bhogI the, sacce mArga kI ora mor3a diyA / unhoMne samAja meM eka aisI taraMga phailAI ki logoM kI bhAvanAoM meM eka krAMtikArI tUphAna A gayA aura ve yatiyoM ke pAkhaMDapUrNa zAsana se chuTakArA pAne ke liye kaTibaddha ho gaye / phalasvarUpa aMta meM yatiyoM kA prabhAva haTa gayA aura jaina zAsana eka naI jindagI pAne lagA / maiM isa mahApuruSa ke jIvana para kucha bhI nahIM likhanA cAhatA / maiM ne unake jIvana maiM kyA dekhA usake bAre meM kucha likhU~gA / sAdhu - jIvana grahaNa karane ke bAda unhoMne jo prathama kArya kiyA vaha thA sAdhu - samAja meM sudhaar| sAdhu jIvana ko Adhunika bhautikavAda ke prabhAva se haTAne kA zreya isI mahAn puruSa ko hai / sAdhu sAdhAraNa AdamI kA AtmakalyANa ke mArga meM naitRtva karatA hai / vaha apanI sAdagI, tyAga aura tapasyA se janatA kI AtmA para eka amiTa chApa chor3atA hai, jisase AtmA kA AkarSaNa tyAga, sAdagI aura tapasyA kI ora bar3hatA hai / sAdhAraNa janatA kI ruci isa prakAra dharma kI ora mur3a jAtI hai / jahA~ AtmA ko eka alaukika sukha kA AbhAsa hotA hai, vahIM saccA sukha hai / manuSya lobha ke vazIbhUta hokara dUsaroM kA nukasAna kara baiThatA hai / jaba usakA dAyarA bar3ha jAtA hai to vaha nirbhIka hokara nirIha va nirbala logoM ko satAtA hai / vaha dUsaroM ke hakoM ko chIna kara bahuta khuza hotA hai / phalasvarUpa janatA usake atyAcAroM se taMga Akara vidroha kara baiThatI hai aura usakA kSaNika sukha jo ki vaha kabhI na samApta honevAlA samajhatA thA, samApta ho jAtA hai| vizva - itihAsa isakA sAkSI hai / itihAsa isa prakAra ke saMgharSoM kA lekhA hai| yadi ' jIo aura jIne do' siddhAnta kA pAlana kiyA jAya jo ki satya, ahiMsA, prema aura sevA para AdhArita hai, to saMbhava hai saMsAra meM zAMti sthAyI ho sakatI hai / sAdhAraNa manuSya meM itanI buddhi nahIM hotI ki vaha isa gahana viSaya meM itanA gaharA utre| aisI paristhiti meM sAdhuoM kA kartavya ho jAtA hai ki ve samAja ke hara pahalU para, hara kadama para paharA deveM / samAja meM aisI prakRti bar3hane nahIM deveM / yaha usI samaya saMbhava ho sakatA hai, jabaki sAdhu kA svayaM kA jIvana tyAga aura saMyama kI bhAvanA se otaprota ho / jainakSetra meM isa siddhAnta kA marma saba se pahale bIsavIM zatAbdI meM isI mahApuruSane smjhaayaa| unhoMne aise vilAsI yatiyoM kA DaTa kara virodha kiyA / pahale
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________________ 104 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha pahala vilAsI yatioM ke jAdU-TonoM se prabhAvita janatA sUrijI ke isa marma ko samajha nahIM sakI, kintu dhIre-dhIre janatA yatiyoM ke prabhAva se haTane lagI aura sAdhuoM meM phira tyAga aura tapasyA kA prabhAva bar3hane lagA / isa prakAra unhoMne jaina zAsana kI unnati meM naI preraNA dii| . rAjendrasUrijI kA dUsarA mahAna kArya thA dharma se pAkhaMDatA kA nAza karanA / jo AdamI jaisA kArya karegA, vaha vaisA hI bhogegaa| karmoM kA phala bhoganA hI par3egA, isa siddhAnta ko unhoMne sAdhAraNa AdamI ke sAmane rkkhaa| unhoMne prabhu kI upAsanA kA saccA mahattva btaayaa| AdamI kA vartamAna jIvana ulajhana-bharA hai| vaha isa yuga meM vyavahArika pudgaloM meM itanA ulajha gayA hai ki use socane ko samaya hI nahIM milatA ki vaha kisa ora hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki vaha 'jIoM aura jIne do' satya, ahiMsA, sevA aura prema ke siddhAntoM ko bhUla kara apanI sImA ko lAMgha cukA hai / phalasvarUpa vizva saMgharSa kA eka akhAr3A bana gayA hai aura vizvazAMti eka khatare meM par3a gaI hai| vaha bhagavat-pUjA aura usase honevAlI zAnti aura sadbhAvoM kI prApti ko bhUla gayA hai / bhagavAna kI divyamUrti ko dekhate hI bhagavAn ke ve siddhAnta 'satya, ahiMsA, sevA aura prema ' dimAga meM praveza karate haiM aura be AdamI ko dUsaroM kI sImAko lA~ghane se rokate haiM / sUrijIne saccI pUjA, saccI upAsanA aura sacce dharma kA marma samajhAyA / ___ sUrijI kA sAdhu-jIvana tyAga aura tapasyA kA jvalaMta udAharaNa hai| kar3I ke kar3I sardI meM bhI unhoMne kabhI UnI kapar3oM kA prayoga nahIM kiyA / eka cAdara aura eka colapaTA pahane ve kar3Ake kI sardo gujAra dete the| sacce sAdhu ko ArAma se kyA matalaba / sacce sAdhu ke pAsa ArAma ke liye samaya hI kahAM ! jabaki kArya kA eka vistRta kSetra par3A hai| unakA dhyeya to icchAoM kA damana hai| jabataka icchAoM kA damana nahIM hotA, tabataka AtmA calAyamAna rahatI hai / jyoMhi icchAoM para vijaya pA lI, AtmA pAMco jJAna ko prApta kara legI / yaha saccI mukti hai| isake alAvA inhoMne sabase mahAn kArya jo kiyA hai vaha hai sAhitya-upAsanA / kisI bhI samAja meM jAgRti va krAnti phailAne kA zreya usake sAhitya ko hai / ve sAhitya dvArA samAja meM zikSA, jAgRti, sAmAjika sudhAra karanA cAhate the| unhoMne apane sAdhu-jIvana kA AdhA bhAga sAhitya-upAsanA meM lagAyA / Apa jaina darzana va sAhitya ke prakANDa vidvAn the| logoM meM krAnti kI bhAvanA paidA karane meM inake sAhitya ne bahuta madada kii| aneka gUr3ha siddhAntoM va niyamoM kA vizleSaNa kara isa mahAna-puruSa ne janatA ke bhaTake hue manako saccI vItarAga upAsanA meM lgaayaa| unakI sAhitya-upAsanA kI sabase bar3I dena hai 'rAjendra
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________________ yugapravartaka zrIrAjendrasUrijI abhidhAna koSa ' jo ki 7 bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai / Apake svayaM ke likhe hue choTe-baDe 61 grantha haiN| unakI akasmAtika mRtyu se hamArA eka mahAn karNadhAra aura sudhAraka uTha gayA hai| isa mahAn puruSa ke svargavAsa ko Aja 50 sAla pUre hone ko haiM aura Aja hamAre sAmane samAjasevA ke aneka mArga khule haiM / AzA hai-isa punIta avasara para jaina zAsanake karNadhAra unake adhUre kAmoM ko pUrA karane kI pratijJA kareMge / zubham /
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________________ gurudevaracita siddhama prAkRta TIkA sAdhvIjI zrI hetazrIjI jina mahAvibhUti kI arddha zatAbdI manAI jA rahI hai, vaha unake kiye yazasvI zubha kArya ke anurUpa hI haiM / yadyapi vizva meM unakI kRtiyA~ sAhitya ke kSetra meM sadA hI amara banI raheMgI, tathApi hamArA kartavya hai ki upakArI puruSoM ke upakAra kA kucha badalA apanI zraddhAbhakti ke sumanoM ko arpaNa kara antaHkaraNa se unake kArya ke prati zraddhAMjali ke sAtha unake nirmalatama alaukika yazoguNa kA gAyana kareM / parama punIta prAtaHsmaraNIya mahAn jyotirdhara gurudeva prabhu ~ zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja kI kRtiyoM meM se 'zrI abhidhAna rAjendra koSa' to sarvatra hI vidvabhogya siddha huA hai; parantu Apane prAkRta vyAkaraNa para jo TIkA racI hai usIkA isameM paricaya karAyA jA rahA hai / samartha kalikAla sarvajJa zrImad hemacaMdrAcAryane siddharAja - jayasiMha kI prArthanA ko svIkAra kara jisa siddha haima vyAkaraNa kI racanA kI hai, usameM sAta adhyAya to pANinI kI bhAMti saMskRta viSaya ko hI lekara banAe~ gaye haiM / 8 vA~ adhyAya, pANinI ne jisa taraha se vaidika prakriyA ko lekara banAyA hai, usI taraha se jinezvara bhagavAnapraNIta AgamoM kA jJAna prApta karane ke liye prAkRta kI pUrI 2 AvazyakatA samajhI jAkara prAkRta vyAkaraNa kI racanAe~ samaya-samaya para hotI rahI haiM / una meM se ' siddhahaima' hI eka aisI vyAkaraNa hai jo prAkRta jJAna ke liye paryApta kahI jA sakatI hai / anya vyAkaraNoM kI apekSA siddhahaima vyAkaraNa kaI bAtoM meM apanI vizeSatA rakhatI hai / kahA hai bhrAtaH ! saMvRNu pANinIyalapitaM kAtantrakanyA vRthA, mA kArSIH kaTu zAkaTAyanavacaH zUdreNa cAndreNa kim 1 | kiM kaNThAbharaNAdibhirjaTharayatyAtmAnamanyairapi / zrUyate yadi tAvadartha madhurA zrIsiddha moktayaH // 1 // vyAkaraNoM meM zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa ko Ajakala prAcIna mAnI jAtI haiN| isake racayitA zAkaTAyanamuni eka jainAcArya hI the / yadyapi vartamAna samaya meM pANinIya vyAkaraNa kA adhyayana adhika mAtrA meM pracalita hai, tathApi pANinIne apanI vyAkaraNa meM prAcInatama vyAkaraNa racayitAoM kA sAdara nAma sUcita kiyA hai / jaise ' triprabhRtiSu zAkaTAyanasya 8 / 4 / 50 ( 12 )
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________________ gurudeSa rakhita-siddhahema prAkRta TIkA / 107 laGgaH zAkaTAyanasyai va 3 / 4 / 111 tathA vyorlaghuprayatnataraH zAkaTAyanasya 8 / 3 / 18 sarvatra zAkalyasya 8 / 4 / 51 iko'savaNe zAkalyasya hUsvazca 6 / 1 / 120 lopaH zAka. lyasya 8 / 3 / 19 avaG sphoTAyanasya 6 / 1 / 122 ityAdi pANinIya aSTAdhyAyI sUtroM se yaha svayaM jAnA jA sakatA hai ki prAcIna samaya se hI vyAkaraNa kA viSaya mahatvabharA rahA hai / vyAkaraNa kA viSaya kaThina hI hotA hai, phira bhI vyAkaraNa ko sugama banAkara paThanapAThanopayogI banA dene para hI racayitA kA parizrama saphala evaM siddha hotA hai| siddhahaima vyAkaraNa kI racanA sugama aura paThana-pAThana ke liye atIva upayogI siddha ho cukI hai| AThaveM adhyAya meM prAkRta viSaya dekara prAkRta jJAna kA sArA vivaraNa bar3I hI uttama zailI se batalAyA gayA hai| isa prAkRta jJAna kI AvazyakatA ko pUrI karane ke liye aneka TIkAe~ alaga 2 saMskRta evaM anya bhASAdi meM banAI gaI haiN| ___ gurudeva zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja sA. racita 'prAkRta vyAkRti TIkA' ' zrIrAjendrIya TIkA ' kA hI yahAM para paricaya karAnA Avazyaka samajhA gayA hai / zrIsiddhahaima kA 8 vA~ adhyAya prAkRta vyAkaraNa ke nAma se bhI prasiddha hai| vartamAna meM upalabdha TIkAoM meM se isa 'rAjendrIya prAkRta TIkA' kI apanI naI viziSTatA hai| isake par3hane se vidyArthiyoM ko mUla sUtra ke sAtha sAtha saMskRta-zlokoM se sArI bAtoM kA paryApta jJAna prApta ho jAtA hai| zloka meM hI sUtroM kI vRtti udAharaNa ke sAtha evaM zabdaprayoga kI siddhi sarala paddhati se kI gaI hai / yaha prAkRta zabdasAgara zrI abhidhAna rAjendra koSa ke prathama bhAga meM prathamatayA prakAzita kI gaI hai| sAtha hI meM zabdarUpAvalI bhI batalAI gaI hai jisa se prAkRta zabdoM ke rUpa vaikalpika evaM ArSa prayoga bhI acchI taraha se jAne jA sakate haiN| phira bhI isa TIkA kA dhyeya yahI rahA huA mAlUma hotA hai ki sAmAnya saMskRtajJa bhI isa TIkA se prAkRta kA jJAna bhalI bhAMti kara sakatA hai| racayitA kA parizrama paThana-pAThana meM sugama evaM atIva upayukta huA hI sarvatra dRSTigocara huA hai / prastuta prAkRta vyAkRti-zrI rAjendrIya prAkRta TIkA AbAlavRddhoM ke liye atIva upayogI evaM tadviSayaka sArI sAmagrI se paripUrNa hai / anya bhI Apa kI racita vyAkaraNa TIkAoM meM ' sArasvata caMdrikA ' Adi para bhI TIkAe~ haiM / jinameM se yahI eka TIkA prakAzita ho cukI hai| yaha TIkA prAkRta jijJAsuoM ke liye bar3e bhArI mahattva kI mAnI jAtI hai / prAkRta vyAkaraNa kA bodha honA prAcIna kAla se atyAvazyaka mAnA jA rahA hai / prAkRta evaM saMskRta
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pratha kA dhaniSTa sambandha hai yaha bAta saMskRta zabda se hI jAnI jAtI hai| katipaya nATakoM meM striyoM kI ukti prAkRta meM hI batalAI gaI hai| isakA mukhya kAraNa yahI rahA hai ki yaha prAkRta bhASA hamArI svAbhAvika yA mUla bhASA rahI hai / jainAgama aura jaina sAhitya-racanA meM prAkRta kA eka uccatama sthAna rahA hai / Aja prAkRta bhASA kA pUrA-pUrA jJAna prApta karane ke liye isa TIkA kA bar3A bhArI mahattva rahA hai / ' avyAkaraNI naraH paGguH' isa hetu se hI prAkRta vyAkaraNa para yaha TIkA racane kA uddezya mAnA gayA hai|
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________________ dizA-parivartana sAdhvIjI zrI mAnazrIjIcaraNareNu-zrI uttamazrIjI ___ jaba gurudeva prabhu zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAjane virakta mana ho zramaNadharma meM praveza kiyA, taba hamArI tyAgI yati-samAja meM zaithilya kA sAmrAjya chAyA huA thaa| yati-saMgha tyAga ke mArga se cyuta ho kara bhoga ke pralobhana se itastataH bhaTaka gayA thA / jahA~ Atma-sAdhanA ke mArgoM kA Azraya kiyA jAtA hai, vahA~ jAdU-maMtroM Adi kA pracAra jorasora se bar3ha gayA thA / jahA~ ' tinnANaM tArayANaM' kI maMgalamaya sAdhanA hotI thI, vahA~ chalakapaTa-prapaMca ke jAla bicha rahe the / jahA~ taka saMyama-sAdhanA meM sahAyaka ho, vahAM taka hI zveta mAnopeta aura jIrNaprAya vastra rakhane kI zAstrIya AjJA hai, vahAM raMgaviraMge bhAMti-bhAMti ke manamohaka evaM nayanAbhirAma bahumUlya dUzAloM aura anya prakAra kI vastuoM kA sajIva-ajIva ke bhedoM ke saMkoca ke binA saMgraha hone lagA thA / jahA~ svAdhyAya-dhyAna, paThana-pAThana aura Atma-ciMtana ke liye hI samaya kA pratyeka pala lagAne kI jinAjJA hai, vahA~ niMdA aura vAkcAturya ke bala aneka prakAra ke chalakapaTa pUrNa hote jA rahe the / ___ bhaktavarga yogya netRtva ke binA satpatha se dUra haTatA jA rahA thaa| aisI sthiti gurudeva ke liye kadApi sahya nahIM thI / gurudevane tyAgI yatimaMDala ko isa tathAkathita bhayAvaha mArga ko tyAga karane kA aura AtmazreyaSkara satpatha kI ora bar3hane kA jaba AhvAna diyA, taba unheM aisI kaThoratama paristhiti se prasArita honA par3A ki jise bhuktabhogI hI jAna sakatA hai| Ate hue pariSahoM ko dhIratApUrvaka sahate huye bhI Apane virakta saMgha ko zaithilya ke garta se nikAla kara aMtameM muvizuddha mArga kI ora agrasara kiyaa| aura kahIM ve punaH sumArga se cyuta na ho jAya isa vastu ko lakSya meM rakha kara nava niyama ( samAcArIkalameM ) bhI banAe jinako tAtkAlika yati zrIpUjya ( zrIpUjaka !) dharaNendrasUri se svIkRta karavA kara yativarga meM praca. lita karavAyA / bhalI prakAra jJAta hotA hai ki Apa ko kArya se matalaba thA na ki kIrtikamalA se / ve 9 niyama ( kalameM ) vikrama saMvat 1924 mAgha sudi 7 ko zrI pUjya dharaNendrasUri kI sahIke sAtha svIkRta ho kara niyamarUpa meM kAryAnvita huye the| 'svasti zrIpArzvajinaM praNamya zrI zrI kAlaMdrInayarato bha. zrI zrI vijayadharaNendrasUri yassaparikarA zrI jAvarAnayare suzrAvaka punyaprabhAvaka zrI devagurubhaktikAraka savisarasAvadhAna bahubuddhinidhAna saMghanAyaka saMghamukhya samasta saMgha zrI paMcasarAvakA jogya dharmalAbhapUrvakaM likhitaM yathAkArya,
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________________ ra0 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha cAritradharmakArya sarvaniravidhanapaNe pravarte che.. zrI devaprasAde tathA saMghanA vizeSadharmodyama karavApUrvaka sukha mokalavA sarva vidhi vyavahAra maryAdA jAsa pravIna guNavaMta bhAgyavaMta sudharma dIpatA vivekI gRhastha saMgha hamAre ghaNI vAta che je divase saMghane dekhasyuM vaMdAvasyuM te divase Ananda pAmasyuM tathA tumArI bhakti grahastha karI zrItapAgacchanI vizeSa unnati dise che. te jANa che. uparaMca tumAre uThe zrIpUjyajI vijayarAjendrasUrijI nAma karake tumAre uThe caumAso rahyA che. so aNA kene hamAre nava kalamA bAbata khiMcI thI so Apasa meM misala baiThI nahIM............ iNA ko nAma ratnavijayajI he hamArA hAtha nice daphtara ko kAma karatA thaa| jaNI kI samajAsa badale hamoM vajIra motivije, muni siddhakuzalane Apa pAse bhejyA so Apa nava kalamAM ko bandobasta vajIra motivijaya pAsa hamAre dasakatAsu maMgAvaNo TherAyo ne do taraphI saphAI samajAsa karAI deNI so bota Acho kiyo / abe zrIvijayarAjendrasUrijI ke sAdhu che jaNAne bhI vajIra motivije ke sAtha aThe bhejAi desI so Adesa sadAmada bhejatA AyA jaNI mujaba bheja desAM. aNAkI lArAM kA sAdhuvAMsuM hame koyatare dujAta bhAva rAkhAM nahIM ora nava kalamAM kI vigata nIce maMDI he jisa mAphaka kabUla he jaNI kI vigata 1-pelI-paDikamaNo doya TaMka ko karaNo, sAdhu zrAvaka sameta karaNo-karAvaNo, pacakhANa vakhANa sadA thApanAjI kI paDilehaNa karaNA, upakaraNa 14 sivAya geNA tathA mAMdaliyA jaMtara pAsa rAkhaNA nahIM, zrIdeharejI nita jANA so savArI meM baiThaNA nahIM paidala jaannaa| 2-dUjI-ghor3A tathA gADI upara nahIM beThaNA, savArI kharaca nahIM raakhnnaa|| 3-tIjI-Ayuddha nahIM rAkhaNA tathA gRhasthI ke pAsa kA Ayudha geNA rupAlA dekhe to unake hAtha nahI lagANA tamaMcA zastra nahIM rakhaNA / 4-cothI-lugAiyA~su ekAnta beTha bAta nahIM karaNA, vaizyA tathA napuMsaka vAMke pAsa nahIM beThaNA uNAne nahIM raakhnnaa| 5-pAMcamI-jo sAdhu tamAkhu tathA gAMjA bhAMga pIve, rAtribhojana kare, kAMdA lasaNa khAve, laMpaTI apacakkhANI hove esA guNa kA sAdhu hoya to pAsa rAkhaNA nhiiN| 6-chaTThI-sacitta lIloti kAcA pANI vanaspatikuM viNAsaNA nahIM kATaNA nahI dAtaNa karaNA nahIM tela phUlela mAlasa karAvaNA nahIM talAva kuvA bAbaDI meM hAtha dhovaDaNA nhiiN| 7-sAtamI-sipAI kharaca meM AdamI nokara jAdA nahIM rAkhaNA, jIvahiMsA kare aisA nokara rAkhaNA nhiiN| 8-AThamI-gRhastI se takarAra karake khamAsamaNa pramukha rupiyA ke badale dabAyana legA nhiiN| 9-navamI-ora kisIkuM saddahaNA deNA zrAvaka-zrAvikAne upadeza zuddha parupaNA deNI
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________________ dizA-parivartana / aisI parupaNA deNI nahIM jaNI meM ulaTo uNA ko samakita bigaDe aisI parupaNA deNI nahIM / ora rAta ko bAraNe jAve nahIM ora copar3a sataraMja gaMjIphA vagerA khela rAmata kahIM khele nahIM keza lAMbA badhAve nahIM pagarakhI pere nahIM aura zAstra kI gAthA (500) pAMca sau roja sajjhAya krnnaa| iNI mujaba hameM pote paNa barAbara pAlAMgAM ne ora muMr3e agAr3I kA sAdhuvAM ne paNa marajAdA mujaba calAvAMgA ne ora zrIpUja AcArya nAma dharAvegA so barAbara pAle hI gA, kadAca koI upara lakhyA mujaba nahIM pAle ne kiriyA nahIM sAMcave jaNIne zrI saMgha samajAyane ko cAhije zrI saMgharA keNAsu nahIM samaje ne marajAdA mujaba nahIM cAle jaNAM zrIpUjya ne AcArya jANaNo nahIM ne mAnaNo nahIM / zrI saMgha kI tarapha suM ataro aMkuza vaNyo rakhAvasI so upara lakhyA mujaba zrIpUjya tathA sAdhu loga apanI apanI murajAdA mujaba barAbara cAlasI koI taresuM dharma kI murajAdA meM khAmI par3asI nhiiN| zrI saMghane upara lakhyA mujaba bandobasta jarUra rAkhyo cAhije. aThAsuM hamAre sAdhu logArAM dasakata karAyane bhejyA he so dekha lerAvasI saM. 1924 mAha sudi 7 / paM. motivijenA dasakata. paM. devasAgaranA dasakata. paM. kesarasAgaranA dasakata. paM. navalavijenA dasakata . paM. viravijenA dasakata. paM. khImAvijenA dasakata. paM. labdhivijenA dasakata. paM. jJAnavijenA dasakata. paM. sukhavijenA dskt|' ye haiM nava kalameM, jo yatipUjya dharaNendrasUri se svIkRta karavAI gayI thiiN| inakI vAkyAvalI se hama usa samaya kI tyAgI samAja kI zithilAvasthA ko bhalI bhA~ti samajha sakate haiM aura yogIndra rAjendrasUrIndra ke saMghasudhAra kI uccatama bhAvanA ko bhI / hA~ niyamagata vAkyAvaliyoM kI sahAya se tatkAlIna sthiti kA bhI avalokana karaleM (1) usa samaya kA yatisamAja jaina muni ko ucita aise Avazyaka vidhividhAna ke pAlana meM zithilAcArI thA, tabhI to gurudeva prathama niyama meM hI pratikramaNa, pratilekhana, pratyAkhyAna karane ke liye khAsa bhAra dete haiM tathA yaMtra, maMtra aura taMtrakriyA se sAdhuvarga ko pare rahane ko aura sAdhu ko agrAhya aisI dhAtu kI vastuoM ko saMgraha nahIM karanA kahate haiN| yati evaM sAdhu kaMcana -kAminI ke tyAgI hote haiM aisI zAstrIya AjJA ko gurudevane zramaNasaMgha ko samajhA kara AcaraNa karAne ko kahA hai| (2) yatisamAja ghor3e, ratha, pAlakhI ityAdi vAhanoM meM bezumAra dhana vyaya karatA thA, tabhI to isa dvitIya kalama meM gurudeva vAhanAdi nahIM rakhane kA spaSTatayA niSedha karate haiN| zAstra bhI sAdhu ko gamanAgamanakriyA kisI vAhana ke upayoga ke binA hI karane kI AjJA dete haiN| (3) yatimaMDala apane ko janatA ke guru hone se rAjA-mahArAjA kI paMkti meM ginate the| talavAra, bhAlA, barachI Adi vividha AyudhoM kA saMgraha karate the, tabhI isa tRtIya kalama meM unakA rakhanA ayogya kahA jA kara manA kiyA gayA hai| dharmarAja ke saMcAlaka ko to ahiMsA,
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________________ 112 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha yahI sAtvikAyudha zobhA dete haiM / anya nahIM / sAdhu vAstava meM ahiMsA kI pratikRti hai, saMsAra ke saMtrasta prANI yahA~ A kara abhaya hote haiM aura yadi yahAM bhI bhaya kA sAmrAjya ho jAya to prANI kahAM jAkara abhayalAbha prApta kara sakate hai| (4) striyoM ke sAtha ekAnta sthala meM baiTha kara vArtAlApa nahIM karanA aura na vezyA tathA napuMsakAdi ko prazraya hI denA isa cauthI kalama meM kahA gayA hai / isa se jJAta hotA hai ki yatisamAja sAdhvAcAra ke mUlaguNa brahmacarya ke pAlana meM zithila ho kara kAmavAsanA ke jvara se utpIDita ho anAcAra karane meM rata ho gayA thaa| tabhI to bAlabrahmacArI gurudeva yatisamAja ko sAvadhAna karate haiN| vAstava meM zramaNa tabhI zramaNatva ko prApta ho sakatA hai ki jaba vaha paMcayAma vratoM ko cArutayA pAlana kara unheM AtmasAt karaleM / jo zramaNa vAstava meM brahmacarya pAlana meM zithila hai vaha zramaNa nahIM pApazramaNa hai / (5) vyasanoM kA gulAma bana kara prANI AtmasAdhanA meM AlasyAbhibhUta ho prApta samaya evaM sAmagrI kA sadupayoga nahIM kara durupayoga hI kara baiThatA hai aura jisakA phala saMsArabhramaNa prApta hotA hai| isa pAMcavIM kalama kA Azaya yatimaMDala ko vyasanoM kI kAtIla gulAmI se pare karanA hI hai| tabhI unheM bhAMga-gAMjA-aphIma-tamAkU ityAdi nazIlI evaM tAmasI vastuoM kA upabhoga nahIM karane ko kahA gayA hai / gurudevane isa niyama meM yatiyoM ko vyasana aura tatsevI vyasaniyoM kA sahavAsa nahIM karane kA spaSTatayA niSedha kiyA hai| (6) zAstroM meM sAdhu ko sAdhujIvana meM praviSTa hone ke pazcAt snAna-vilepanAdi zRMgArika sAmagrI kA upabhoga karane kI manAI kI gaI hai| tyAgIvarga trikaraNa, triyoga se mahAvratoM ko dhAraNa karanevAle hote haiM / ataH unheM aisI pravRttiyA~ kadApi zobhA nahIM detIM / dazavaikAlika sUtra meM ina zRMgArika pravRttiyoM ko anAcAra kahA gayA hai| snAnAdi ke atirikta sacitta vanaspatyAdi kA sevana bhI hotA hogA, tabhI isa kalama meM isa prakAra ke kAryoM ko nahIM karane kA kahA gayA hai / gurudeva tyAgI varga ko vAstavika zramaNatva kA rahasya samajhA kara usameM unheM sudRr3ha karane ke liye kitane jAgrata evaM prayatnazIla the isa kA marma isa niyama se bhalIbhA~ti jJAta ho sakatA hai| (7) yati loga rAjAoM kI taraha apane pAsa bhI choTA sA sainya rakhate the, tabhI isa niyama meM isa viSaya ko spaSTa kiyA gayA hai / isa niyama kI zabdamAlA se yaha bhI bhalI prakAra spaSTa hai ki yugaprabhAvaka mahApuruSoM ko aisI paristhitiyoM se prasArita honA paDatA hai ki jo vicitra hotI haiN| jisase bAdhya ho kara sahI bAta ko zabda-parAvartana ke sAtha pragaTa karanI par3atI hai| kyoMki pArzvasthoM ke sAmane yadi sahI bAta ko sahI rUpa meM rakha dI jAya
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________________ dizA-parivartana / to ve use nahIM mAnate hue vizeSa ucchaMkhala ho kara patana ke gahare garta meM Dhaha jAte haiN| ataH yugaprabhAvaka ko aisI paristhiti meM vAtAvaraNa ko dekhate hue sahI bAta ko zAbdika parAvartana ke sAtha prakAzita karanI par3atI hai / tabhI isa kalama meM yativarga ko naukarAdi nahIM rakhanA yoM spaSTarUpa se nahIM kahate hue kahA gayA hai, " sipAI kharca jAdA nahIM rakhanA aura jIvahiMsApriya naukarAdi nahIM rakhanA / " (8)' gRhasthAnAM yadbhUSaNaM syAt , tatsAdhUnAM dUSaNam syAt / yad sAdhUnAm bhUSaNaM syAt, tat gRhasthAnAm dUSaNaM syAt / ' parigraha saMyamI varga ke saMyama kA ghAtaka hai| kyoM ki dhanAdi kA saMcaya hI vAstava meM duHkhamUlaka aura sAdhvAcAra se viparIta haiM / usa samaya kA tyAgI varga dhanAdi kA saMcaya karane meM dattacitta ho gayA hogA, tabhI isa aSTama kalama meM gurudeva yaha spaSTa karate haiM, " anuyAyI gRhasthoM ko dabA yA satA kara athavA unheM paristhitiyoM se bAdhya kara unase dravyAdi agrAhya vastu nahIM lenA " / isase spaSTa hai ki usa samaya ke tyAgI dhana ke gulAma ho gaye hoMge, tabhI isa bAta ko isa prakAra ke zAbdika parAvartana se kahI gayA hai / yadi usa samaya yaha bAta spaSTa kahI jAtI to saMbhava hai yaha hotI huI sudhAraNA bhI asabhava ho jaatii| tabhI Adarzatama bAta ko zAbdika parAvartana ke sAtha upasthita karanI par3I hai| (9) zrAvaka, zrAvikAoM ko asatya evaM bhrAmakopadeza nahIM denA, copar3a, sataraMja, gaMjIphAdi nahIM khelanA, mastaka para keza nahIM baDhAnA, jUte nahIM pahananA aura nitya paMcazata (500 sau) gAthApramANa svAdhyAya karanA / isa Azaya kI bAteM isa carama evaM navamI kalama meM kahI gaI haiN| ye nikRSTatama pravRtiyAM bhI yativarga meM avazya pravRttamAna hoMgI, tabhI inase dUra hone ko isa kalama meM pharamAyA gayA hai| gurudeva sAdhusamAja ko vAstava meM sAdhudharma ke sugUr3hatama rahasyoM ko samajhA kara usake jIvana ko uccatama evaM Adarzatama banAne ko kitane jAgarUka the yaha bAta ina nava samAcArI kalamoM se dhvanita hotI hai| ___ vAstava meM Apa janmasiddha yugaprabhAvaka evaM jaina saMgha meM se pAkhaNDaparamparA ko nAmazeSa karanevAle haiN| ApakA tyAga vAstava meM tyAga thA ki yativarga ke bAhyADaMbarIya dikhAve se evaM, yadi Apa sahI satya tyAgI nahIM hote to, atyAcAroM se samAja ko nahIM bacA sakate the| Apane svayaMne tyAga kI vAstavikatA ko samajha kara AtmasAt kiyA aura saMsAra ko bhI zrIvIra ke tyAgamaya mArga ko samajhAyA / ___ vaMdana ho aise vimalamati yugaprabhAvaka ke caraNoM meM / 15
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________________ satya mArgadarzana / sAdhvIjI bhAvabhIjI antevAsinI zrImuktizrIjI rAjendra munipati se calA yaha tristutika navapaMtha hai / yaha kaha rahe, nahiM jAnate jo nigama-Agama-graMtha haiM | sarvajJa - anumodita tathA saccA sanAtana dharma hai / jainAgamoM ko dekhiye jinameM bharA yaha yaha satya hai, isakA huvA thA lopa - sA kucha basa cAra stuti karane lage hama vina-bhaya vikarAla se || phira ' sUrivara rAjendra ne isakA kiyA parizodha hai / marma hai // 1 / kAla se / " rAjendramata' kahanA ise yaha tatvahIna virodha hai // 2 // yaha tarkasiddha vastu hai ki satpuruSa asatya evaM apramANika vastu yA mArga ko grahaNa nahIM karate / ve to pratyeka mArga meM prANImAtra ke kalyANa kA bhAva sannihita ho isa bAta ko prathama dekhate haiM / gurudeva prabhu zrImadvijaya rAjendrasUrIzvarajIne jaba jAvarA ( madhyabhArata ) meM kriyoddhAra kara ke satsAdhutva ko grahaNa kiyA thA, usa samaya samAja kA bhAvI to timirAcchAdita lagatA hI thA; vartamAna bhI pAkhaMr3apUrNa evaM aticArapriya thA / deva aura deviyoM kI mAnyatAne bar3ha kara vItarAga bhagavAn ke mahatva ko bhI pIche DhakelanA apanA mukhya kArya banA liyA thA / gurudeva ne isa zaithilya ko Agamika aura pUrvAcArya maharSikRta zAstrapramANoM se dUra karane kA nizcaya kiyA / unhoMne socA ki isa samaya samAja jisa mArga para cala rahA hai, yaha saMgha ke liye hAnikara hai / isase samAja ko bacAnA merA parama kartavya hai / aisA nizcaya kara Apane ' zrItristutika siddhAnta ' ko punarujjIvita kiyA / isa siddhAnta ke udaya hote hI samAja ke bhI ajJa netra khula gaye aura guruvara kA prabhAva tathA unakA yaha pracArita ( uddhArita ) mantavya dinAnudina bar3hane lagA, jisake phalasvarUpa Aja yaha ' Arya satya sanAtana siddhAnta ' prakAzamAna hai / 1 yadyapi isa sanAtana satya siddhAnta ko punaH pracArita karane meM gurudeva ko anekAneka zAstrArtha karane par3e aura zArIrika pariSahoM kA sAmanA karanA par3A, parantu jo janmasiddha yugaprabhAvaka dharmavIra tyAgI haiM aura haiM vItarAga ke upAsaka, ve kadApi hatadhairya evaM calita nahIM ( 14 )
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________________ satya mArgadarzana / 115 hote / Apake sanmukha jo bhI samasyAe~ AyIM Apane unakA aisA nirasana kiyA ki pratikriyAvAdiyoM kI pratikriyAeM sadA zithila aura viphala hI rhiiN| pratikriyAvAdiyoM ko ApakA kahanA yahI thA ki hama jainadharmAvalambiyoM kA pratyeka anuSThAna adhyAtmalakSI hotA hai| jainadarzana hama ko saMsAra ke sAvadya-pApajanya mArgoM se alaga kara nivRtti kI ora hI le jAtA hai| vAstava meM nivRttipradhAna kArya hI hama ko karma se dUra kara, zAzvata aura anantasukha ( mokSa ) kI ora agrasara karatA hai| bhagavAn zrItIrthaMkara vItarAga dvArA praNIta tatvArtha para vAstavika zraddhA hone ko ' samyagdarzana ' kahate haiN| samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra kI vAstavika ArAdhanA hI mokSa kA saccA mArga hai| eka aura to hama 'karemi bhante ! sAmAiyaM sAvajaM jogaM paJcakkhAmi jAva niyamaM pajjuvAsAmi duvihaM tiviheNaM0' ityAdi sUtra se dvikaraNa triyoga se samasta sAvadya yogoM kA tyAga kara pApoM ke Alocana meM pravRtta hote huye saMsAra ke prANimAtra se vairavirodha tyAga kara maitrIbhAva meM ramaNa karate haiM, usI kriyA ke andara avirati bhogAsakta devi-devatAoM kI stuti karanA kahA~ taka ThIka hai| hameM AtmakalyANa karanA hai to isa prakAra kI mithyA kriyAoM se hamako zIghra dUra honA pdd'egaa| zAstrakAroMne jisa mArga ko Atmahitakara batalAyA hai, use hI pAlana karanA hamArA prathama kartavya hai| jo bAta zAstrasammata ho, nyAyayukta ho aura pUrvAcArya samarthita evaM samAcArita ho use hI hameM pavitra buddhi aura mamatvarahita ho kara grahaNa karanA cAhiye / zrIdazavaikAlikasUtra meM kahA hai kiH-- " dhammo maGgalamukkidvaM, ahiMsA saMjamo tvo| devA vi taM namasaMti, jassa dhamme syaamnno||" ahiMsA, saMyama aura taparUpa jinezvara-praNIta dharma sabhI maMgaloM meM utkRSTa maMgala hai / jisa vyakti kA mana niraMjana dharma meM lagA rahatA hai, usako devendrAdi cAroM nikAya ke devatA bhI vaMdana karate haiN| AvazyakasUtra kI niyukti meM bhI pUjyapAda zrIzrIbhadrabAhusvAmI bhI pharamAte haiM ki: " asaMjayaM na vaMdijA, mAyaraM piyaraM suaN| seNAvaI pasatthAraM, rAyANo devayANi ya // " basa gurudeva kA samAja ko yahI kahanA thA / aba yahA~ maiM pAThakoM ko sapramANa rIti se batalA denA cAhatI hUM ki vAstava meM zrI rAjendrasUrijI mahArAjane koI bhI nutana paMtha yA mata nahIM calAyA; kintu vItarAga ke satya
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________________ 196 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha patha kA hI bhAna kraayaa| AzA hai jo loga tristutika mata ko gurudeva dvArA saMsthApita kahate-kahAte aura likhate-likhAte haiM; ve nimnAMkita pramANa-pAThoM ko dekheM aura socasamajha kara svayaM nirNaya karane kI udAratA dikhAveM / ye kucha sanAtana tristutika siddhAnta samarthaka zAstrapATha haiM, jina se yaha Arya sanAtana satya siddhAnta zAstra aura pUrvAcArya sammata hai bhalI prakAra siddha hotA hai| (1) caturdazazatagranthanirmAtA zrIyAkinI mahattarAsUnu zrImad haribhadrAcArya-racita 'paMcAzaka ' prantha para navAMgasUtravRttikArazrImadabhayadevasUrikRta TIkA meM tRtIya paMcAzaka kI TIkA meM likhA hai ki: " sampUrNA-paripUrNA sA ca prasiddhadaNDakaiH paJcabhiH, stutitrayeNa praNidhAnapAThena ca bhavati, caturthastutikilArvAcIneti / kimityAha utkRSyata ityutkarSA utkRSTA / idaM cavyAkhyAnameke " tiNNi vA kaDDai jAva thuiyo tisi logiyA / tAva tattha aNuNAyaM, kAraNeNa pareNa vi" ityetAM kalpabhASyagAthAM, 'paNihANa muttasuttie' iti vacanamAzritya kurvanti / " (2) " vyavahArabhASye stutitrayasya kathanAt caturthastutirarvAcInA iti gUDhAbhi sandhiH !, kiM ca nAyaM gUDhAbhisandhiH kintu stutitrayameva prAcInaM prakaTameva bhASye pratIyate / kathamiti ! ced dvitIyabhedavyAkhyAnAvasare 'nissakaI' iti bhASyagAthAyAM ' ceiye savehi thui tiNNi' iti stutitrayasyaiva grahaNAt , evaM bhASyadvayaparyAlocanayA stutitrayasyaiva prAcIna tvam , turIyastuterarvAcInatvamiti / " zrIpaJcAzaka TIppana (3) " tathAhi zrIkalpabhASye nissakar3amanissakar3e' ityAdi gacchapratibaddhe'nizrA. kRte ca tadviparIte caitye sarvatra tisraH stutayo dIyante'tra prati caityaM stutitraye dIyamAne valAyA atikramo bhavati bhUyAMsi vA caityAni tato velAM caityAni vA jJAtvA praticaityamekaikApi stutitivyeti // " mahAmahopAdhyAyazrI yazovijayajIkRta pratimAzataka TIkA (4) "iriyA tassuttarIya, annatthussagga logassa / khamAsamaNaM ca kahaNaM, dharaNIyala jANu dAhiNayaM // 1-kitane hI loga kila' zabda kA nizcayArthavAcI artha nahIM maante| pUrvAcAryoM se nirmita jina zAstroM meM 'kila' kA artha nizcaya, satya, Aptopadeza likhA hai unake nAma ye haiN| syAdvAdamaMjarI kI 26 vIM kArikA kI TIkA / drvyaanuyogtrkgaa| dazavakAlikasUtra bRhabRtti prathamAdhyayana ttiikaa| 'kileti nizcitam' vIra bhaktAmara kAvya meM yaha artha kiyA hai| yaha kAvya 'kAvyasaMgraha' (pra. bhA.) ke pRSTha 1 se 92 taka mudrita hai| mudraka zrI Agamodaya samiti hai|
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________________ 117 satya mArgadarzana / ThAviUNa sakkatyayaMto arihaMtaceiyavaMdaNavatti / annatthaya ussaggo, adusAsajahaNNaM kuNaI // pArei NamukkAraM, thuI bhaNai jAva ujo| sabaloe arihaMta-ceiyANaM vaMdaNa annatthaM // ussagga puvvavihiNA ThAvai pUrai tao pcchaa| thuI pukkhakharadIva, suassa bhagavao annatthaM / / ussaggaM pArai taha, thuI siddhANaM tao ThiccA / sakatthaMyaM jAvaMti, icchAmi ya jAvaMta gAhA // Namo'rahathuttaM ca (vA) jAva paNihANakae puNNaM // " __ zrI pradyumnasUrikRta samAcArIprakaraNa zrI buddhisAgarasUrijI svaracita -- gacchamata prabaMdha ane saMgha pragati' nAmaka gujarAtI pustaka ke pRSTha 169 para likhate haiM ki vidyAdhara garachanA zrImAna haribhadrasUri thayA. te jAte brAhmaNa hatA. teNe jaina rahaNa karI, yAkinI sAvIne dharmaputra kahevAtA hatA. temaNe 1444 vra banAvyA. jhI vAra nirvANa pachI 1055 varSe svarge gayA. tyAra pachI catustutika mata cAle." zrI vijayavallabhasUrijI ke AjJAvartI zrI kastUrasUrijI nijalikhita 'jJAnapradIpa' meM likhate haiM ki: dehamAM Atmabuddhi dhAraNa karI potAnA svarUpane bhUlI gayelA jaDAsakata che jANatA nathI ke devagatimAM utpanna thayelA deva, manuSyanA zubhAzubhanA udaya sivAya kaMI paNuM zubhAzubha karI zakatA nathI. manuSya potAnA zubhanA udayathI anukULa sukha meLavI sAdhanasaMpanna banI zake che. bAkI devatAo kaMI paNa ApI zakatA nathI." (pRSTha. 167) ina prAcInArvAcIna pramANa pAThoM se bhalI prakAra yaha siddha ho jAtA hai ki yaha Arya sanAtana satya tristutika siddhAnta zAstrasaMmata aura pUrvAcArya samAcarita hai; nahIM ki zAstra aura pUrvAcAyoM se viruddha evaM navanUtana /
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________________ gurudeva ke jIvana kA vihaMgAvalokana / lekhikA sAdhvIjI zrImahimAzrIjI (1) vi0 saM0 1883 pauSa zuklA 7 guruvAra ko bharatapura meM janma / (2) vi0 saM0 1895 meM jaina tIrthoM kI yaatraa| (3) vi0 saM0 1899 meM vyApArArtha siMhaladvIpa ko gamana / (4) saM0 1902 meM bharatapura meM zrIpramodasUrijI kA Agamana aura unake upadeza se vairAgya kA udbhava / (5) saM0 1904 meM udayapura ( mevAr3a ) meM vaizAkha zu0 5 zukravAra ko zrIhemavijayajI ke pAsa yati-dIkSA aura nAma zrIratnavijayajI / (6) saM0 1904 kA caumAsA AkolA ( barAra ) meM pramodasUrijI ke sAtha kiyA / (7) zeSakAla meM vihAra aura abhyAsa / (8) saM0 1905 kA cAturmAsa pramodasUrijI ke sAtha indaura meM | (9) kharataragacchIya yati zrIsAgaracaMdrajI ke pAsa adhyayanArtha gamana aura unake pnaa| saM0 1906 kA ujjaina, saM0 1907 kA mandasaura, saM0 1908 kA caumAsA udayapu. meM, zrIhemavijayajI ke dvArA saM0 1909 vaizAkha zuklA 3 ko udayapura meM bar3I dIkSA aura paMnyAsapada kI prApti / (10) saM0 1909 ko nAgora meM caumAsA kiyA / saM0 1910 meM sAgaracandrajI ke sAtha caumAsA jaisalamera meM / (11) zeSakAla meM vihAra aura abhyAsa / saM0 1911 kA caumAsA pAlI meM, saM0 1912 kA caumAsA jodhapura meM zrIpUjya devendrasUrijI ke sAtha / saM0 1913 kA caumAsA kizanagar3ha meM kiyaa| (12) saM0 1993 meM devendrasUri kA nija bAlaziSya zrIpUjya dharaNendrasUri ko abhyAsa karavA kara yogya banAne kA Apako Adeza / (13 ) saM0 1914 se 1919 taka dharaNendrasUri ko aura ikAvana 51 yatiyoM ko vidyAbhyAsa kraayaa| saM0 1914 citrakUTa, 1915 sojata, 1916 zambhUgar3ha, 1917 bIkAnera, 1918 sAdar3I, 1919 bhIlavAr3A meM caumAsA / 1920 meM Ahora meM zrIvijayapramodasUrijI
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________________ gurudeba ke jIvana kA vihaMgAvalokana / ke pAsa AnA aura 1920 meM ratalAma meM caumAsA kara punaH Ahora guru-sevA meM AnA / saM0 1921 meM dharaNendrasUri kI prArthanA se jodhapura aura bIkAnera ke narezoM se sanmAna karAne ko ratnavijayajI kA AnA | aura donoM narezoM dvArA dharaNendrasUri ko sanmAna dilAnA / ratnavijayajI ko dharaNendrasUri dvArA daphtarI-pada denaa|| (14) saM0 1921 kA caumAsA ajamera meM dharaNendrasUri ke sAtha / (15) saM0 1922 meM marudhara meM padArpaNa aura svatantra rUpa se 21 yatiyoM ke sAtha jAlora meM caumAsA / marudhara meM bhramaNa aura ghANerAva meM dharaNendrasUri ke atyAgraha se unake sAtha saM0 1923 meM caumAsA / parvAdhirAja pardUSaNa meM itra viSaya meM vivAda / dharaNendrasUri ko hita-zikSA dene kI pratijJA lenA aura nija guru ke pAsa Ahora meM Agamana / 16) saM0 1924 vaizAkha zu0 5 budhavAra ko Ahora meM zrIpramodasUrijI dvArA zrIpUjyapada kA milanA aura zrIpUjya zrIvijayarAjendrasUrijI nAmakaraNa honaa| (17) marudhara, mevAr3a meM vihAra / zaMbhUgar3ha meM phatahasAgarajI dvArA punaH pATotsava aura rANAjI dvArA zrIpUjyajI ko char3I, camarAdi bheMTa milanA / (.18) saM0 1924 kA caumAsA jAvarA meM kiyA / caumAse meM jAvarA navAba aura dIvAna ke prazroM ke uttara / zrIpUjya dharaNendrasUri kI ora se bheje hue siddhakuzala aura jaya donoM kA jAvarA meM AnA / unakI Apako aura jAvarA-saMgha ko prArthanA / Apa aura se gacchasudhAre kI nava kalamoM kA patra denaa| donoM yatiyoM ke zubha prayAsa se zrIjya dharaNendrasUri kI ora se kalamoM kI svIkRti honA aura usa patra para saM0 1924 mAgha zuklA 15 ko hastAkSara karanA / (19) saM0 1925 ASAr3ha zu0 10 zanivAra ko zaithilya-cihna tathA parigraha kA tyAga kara kriyoddhAra kara ke saccA sAdhutva grahaNa karanA / (20) saM0 1925 kA caumAsA khAcaroda meM karanA / tristuti siddhAnta ko punaH prakaTa karanA / zeSa kAla meM mAlava bhUmi meM vihAra / (21) saM0 1926 kA caumAsA ratalAma meM / zeSa kAla meM mAlava ke parvatIya nagara grAmoM meM vihAra aura saM0 1927 kA kUkasI meM cAturmAsa va 'SaDdravyavicAra grantha' kI rcnaa| vyAkhyAna meM 45 Agama sArtha kI vA~canA / aTThAI vyAkhyAna kA bhASAntara karanA / cAturmAsa ke pazcAt digambara siddhakSetra mAMgItuMgI parvata kI zikhA para nija Atmonnati karanArtha chaH mAsa taka ghora tapasyA karanA / (22) saM0 1928 meM rAjagar3ha meM caumAsA aura zeSa kAla meM mAlava bhUmi meM vihAra
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________________ 120 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha aura saM0 1929 kA ratalAma meM caumAsA / saMvegI jhaverasAgarajI aura yati bAlacandropAdhyAyazrI se tristutika siddhAnta viSaya para zAstrArtha aura usa meM vijayaprApti aura 'zrIsiddhAntaprakAza' grantha kA nirmANa / zeSa kAla meM vihAra, aneka sthaloM para vipakSiyoM dvArA parISaha-sahana / parantu dhIra, vIra, gaMbhIra raha kara zrIvIra-saMdeza janatA ko sunAnA / (23) saM0 1930 kA jAvarA meM caumAsA aura vipakSiyoM ko ucita zikSA / cAturmAsa ke pazcAt mAravAda meM padArpaNa / (24) saM0 1931 tathA 1932 ke donoM caumAse Ahora meM kiye / Ahora saMgha meM bar3e bhArI kalaha ko mittaayaa| bAda meM 'ghanasAra caupAI' tathA ' aphTakumAra caupAI ' kI racanA va varakAnA meM amarazrIjI, lakSmIzrIjI ko dIkSA / (25) marudhara meM vIrasiddhAnta pracArArtha saM0 1933 kA jAlora meM caumAsA aura sthAnakamArgiyoM se zAstrArtha / jAloragaDha para prAcIna jinAlayoM ko sarakArI Adhipatya se mukta kara unakA uddhAra karavAnA aura mAgha zu0 7 ravivAra ko bhArI samArohapUrvaka pratiSThA karanA / yahIM para 'dhAtupAThataraMga' pathabaddha kI racanA / marudhara se vihAra kara 17 dina meM hI jAvarA ( mAlavA ) meM padArpaNa / jAvarA meM phAlguNa zu0 5 ravivAra ko choTamAsI pArasa ke maMdira ke lie 31 jinapratimAoM kI prANapratiSThA aura unakI maMdira meM saMsthApanA / phAlguNa zu0 2 ko mohanavijayajI ko dIkSA / (26) saM0 1934 kA rAjagar3ha meM caumaasaa| '108 bola kA thokar3A' kI racanA aura zrIvidyAzrIjI ko diikssaa| (27) saM0 1935 vaizAkha zu0 7 zanivAra ko kUkasI meM 21 jinapratimAoM kI prANapratiSThA / (28) saM0 1935 kA ratalAma meM caumAsA tathA 'kalyANamaMdira-stotra prakriyA TIkA' kI racanA / caumAse ke bAdaH marudhara meM padArpaNa / (29) saM0 1936 kA bhInamAla meM caumaasaa| mAgha zu0 10 ko Ahora meM prAcIna camatkArI zrIgaur3IpArzvanAtha pratimA kI prtisstthaa| zrITIkamavijayajI ko dIkSA aura golapurI meM 'sakalezvarya stotra' kA nirmANa aura 'praznottarapuSpavATikA' kI racanA / (30) saM0 1937 kA zivagaMja meM caumAsA / cAturmAsa ke pazcAt mAlave meM pdaarpnn| (31 ) saM0 1938 kA alIrAjapura meM caumAsA / caumAse ke pazcAt rAjagaDha meM padArpaNa / zrImohanakher3A maMdira kI racanA prArambha / 'akSaya tRtIyA' kathA saMskRta kI racanA /
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________________ gurudeva ke jIvana kA vihaMgAvalokana | (32) saM0 1939 kA kUkasI meM caumAsA / mArgazira zuklA 2 ko mohanavijayajI ko bar3I dIkSA / ( 33 ) saM0 1940 kA caumAsA rAjagaDha meM kiyA / mArgazira zuklA 7 guruvAra ko dallAjI lUNAjI ke banavAye huye zrImohanakher3A ke mandira kI pratiSThA aura 41 jinapratimA kI prANapratiSThA / dhAmaNadA meM phAlguNa zu0 3 ko pratiSThA tathA dasAI meM phAlguNa zu0 7 ko pratiSThA / -- zrIkalpasUtrabAlAvabodha' kI racanA / gujarAta meM vihAra | 121 ( 34 ) saM0 1941 kA caumAsA ahamadAbAda ( pAMjarApola ) meM zrI vijayAnandasUrijI ke sAtha tristutika siddhAnta para carcA / saurASTra meM vihAra / zrIgirinAra va zatruJjaya Adi tIrtharAjoM kI yAtrA / ' siddhAnta bolasAgara ' kI racanA | (35) saM. 1942 kA dhorAjI meM caumAsA / zrI Avazyaka vidhi garbhita ' zrI zAntinAtha stavana' kI racanA / zrI udayavijayajI ko dIkSA / saurASTra se uttara gujarAta meM padArpaNa / tharAdrI prAnta meM bhramaNa / ( 36 ) 1943 kA caumAsA ghAnerA meN| caumAse kI samApti ke bAda zrI bhIlaDIyA pArzvanAtha kI yAtrA / zeSa kAla meM tharAdrI prAnta meM vihAra / ( 37 ) 1944 kA caumAsA rAjadhAnI tharAda meM kiyaa| caumAse ke bAda pArakha ambAvIdAsa motIcaMdane Apake upadeza se zrI zatruJjaya aura girinAra kA saMgha nikAlA / isa saMgha meM eka lAkha rupaye vyaya hue the / ( 38 ) saM. 1945 kA caumAsA vIramagAma meM / zrI ' tattvaviveka' ( tattvatrayasvarUpa ) grantha kI racanA / marudhara meM padArpaNa | zivagaMja meM mAgha zu0 5 ko do sau paccAsa jinapratimA kI prANapratiSThA aura AdinAtha ( caumukha ) aura zrI ajitanAthajI ke maMdira kI pratiSThA / ( 39 ) saM. 1946 vaizASa zu0 meM meghavijayajI ko dIkSA | caumAsA siyANA meM / ' zrIpaMcasaptatIzatasthAna catuSpadI' aura ' viharamANajinacatuSpadI' kI racanA / ' puNDarIkAdhyayana sajjhAya' aura 'sAdhu vairAgyAcAra sajjhAya' kI racanA tathA vizvavikhyAta ' zrIabhidhAna rAjendra koSa' kI racanA kA prArambha / (40) saM. 1947 kA caumAsA gur3A meM kiyA / 41) saM. 1948 zrIRSabhavijayajI ko dIkSA | caumAsA Ahora meM kiyA / tatpazcAt ve meM padArpaNa / 16
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________________ 122 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha (42) saM. 1949 vai0 zu07 ko zrI AdinAthAdi jinapratimAoM kI prANapratiSThA / caumAsA nimbAher3A meM kiyA / caumAse meM hI sthAnakavAsI zrI naMdarAmajI se carcA, mUrtipUjA viSayameM aura unakA parAjaya / dharmavijayajI kI diikssaa| mAlave ke parvatIya prAma-nagaroM meM vihAra / (43) saM0 1950 kA caumAsA khAcaroda meM / yahIM ' navapada pUjA' kI racanA / mAgha kR. 2 ko pAlanapura meM prAcIna pratimAoM kI pratiSThA / mAgha zu0 2 ko khaTAlI meM tIna pratimAoM kI prANapratiSThA aura mandira meM sthApanA / padmavijayajI ko dIkSA / (44) saM0 1951 kA rAjagar3ha meM cAturmAsa / mAgha zu0 7 ko rIMganoda meM jinapratimAoM kI prANapratiSThA aura maMdira meM sthApanA / mAgha zu0 7 ko hI rUpavijayajI aura lakSmIvijayajI ko dIkSA tathA saM0 1952 kA bhI rAjagar3ha meM caumAsA 'zrIabhidhAna rAjendra koSa' kI racanA ke kAraNa / caumAse ke pazcAt mAlave meM bhramaNa / himmatavijayajI ko dIkSA / mAgha zu0 15 ko jhAbuA meM 251 jinapratimA kI prANapratiSThA aura isI dina zrI vidyAzrIjI, premazrIjI, mAnazrIjI, manoharazrIjI Adi ko baDI dIkSA dI / vai. zu. 7 saM0 1953 ko bar3I kar3oda meM 21 jinapratimA kI prANapratiSThA aura maMdira meM sthApanA / alIrAjapura meM dIpavijayajI ko dIkSA / caumAsA jAvarA meM kiyA / kArtika meM mahAna samArohasaha aSTAhnikAmahotsava huaa| jisameM vipakSiyoM ko unakI uddaNDatA ke kAraNa parAjaya-prApti / mahendrapura meM vartamAnAcArya kA gurudeva ke pAsa Agamana / / (45) saM0 1954 vai. zu. 7 ko pratiSThA / khAcaroda meM ASAr3ha kR. 2 ko yatIndravijayajI ko dIkSA ( vrtmaanaacaary)| caumAsA ratalAma meM / 'zrIkalpasUtrArtha prabodhinI' 'zrI jinopadezamaMjarI' aura ' nItizikSAdvaya paccIzI' kI racanA / 'kesariyAnAtha-stavana' kI racanA evaM kUkasI meM kesaravijayajI aura harSavijaya jI ko dIkSA / marudhara meM padArpaNa / (46) saM0 1855 kA Ahora meM caumAsA / mAgha zu0 5 ko dIpavijayajI, yatIndravijayajI Adi ko bar3I dIkSA / phA. zu. 5 ko 951 nau sau ikAvana jinapratimAoM kI 56 daMDa aura 56 kalazoM kI prANapratiSThA, camanavijayajI ko dIkSA / (47) saM0 1956 kA zivagaMja meM caumaasaa| 'pAiyasaIbuhI koSa ' kI racanA / bhA. zu. 5 zukra ko svagacchIya 'maryAdApaTTaka' kI racanA / mArga0 zu0 meM Ahora meM rAyazrIjI ko dIkSA / (48) saM0 1957 kA siyANA meM caumAsA / kumArapAlabhUpAlanirmita zrIsuvidhinAtha caitya kA jIrNoddhAra / sirohI-rAjya ke jhore-magare meM vihAra /
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________________ DEY vi. saM. 1852 meM zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrijI mahArAja dvArA pratiSThita zrI bAvana (52) jinAlaya, jhAbUvA ( ma mAlavA >
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________________ varaghor3A meM sva. gurudeva aura kucha munivara AR zrI aThThAimahotsava, ratalAma ( ma. bhA.) ke avasara para vi. saM. 1954
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________________ gurudeva ke jIvana kA vihaMgAvalokana | 123 ( 49 ) saM0 1958 kA Ahora meM caumAsA / gulAbavijayajI Adi ko bar3I dIkSA / mAgha zu0 13 guruvAra ko siyANA meM 201 dau sau eka jinapratimAoM kI prANapratiSThA aura suvidhinAtha caitya kI pratiSThA / (50) saM0 1959 meM marudharIya kuNIpaTTI meM vihAra / zrIkoraTAtIrtha ke maMdiroM kA uddhAra / zrIsaMghakArita mahAmahotsavapUrvaka 201 jinapratimAoM kI bai0 zu0 15 ko pratiSThA / caumAsA jAlora meM / Ahora meM mAgha kR0 1 ko zrI zAntinAthajI maMdira kI pratiSThA aura suvikhyAta 'zrIrAjendra jainAgama vRhad jJAnabhaMDAra' kI sthApanA | bAlI meM candravijaya aura narendravijaya ko dIkSA / hitavijayajI paMnyAsa ke sAtha carcA aura vijayaprApti / kesariyAjI, tAraMgAjI, bhoyaNI, siddhAcala Adi tIrthoM kI yAtrA tathA khaMbhAta aura bharuca hote hue sUrata meM padArpaNa | ( 51 ) saM0 1960 kA sUrata meM caumAsA / isa caumAse meM vipakSiyoMne Apa se aneka prazna pUche aura Apane unake uttara sapramANa diye / 'zrI abhidhAna rAjendra koSa' kI racanA yahIM samApta huI / cAturmAsa meM hI 'rAjendra sUryodaya' kI racanA / cAturmAsa ke pazcAt mAlave meM padArpaNa | (52) saM0 1969 kA kUkasI meM caumAsA 'prAkRta vyAkRti vyAkaraNa', 'prAkRta zabda - pratimAoM rUpAvalI' aura ' dIpamAlikA devavaMdana' kI racanA | bAda meM mArga 0 zu0 5 ko sAta 7 prANapratiSThA aura unako saudhazikharI maMdira meM sthApana karAI / mAgha zu0 5 guruvAra ko rAjagar3ha ke khajAncI daulatarAma cunnIlAlanirmita aSTApadAvatAra caitya ke lie 51 jinapratimAoM kI prANapratiSThA kara unako maMdira meM sthApana karAI / rANApura meM phAlguna zu0 3 guruvAra ko 19 jinapratimAoM kI prANapratiSThA aura maMdira meM unakI sthApanA / yahIM kamalazrI kI dIkSA huii| ( 53 ) saM0 1962 jyeSTha zu0 4 ko sarasI meM pratiSThA / caumAsA khAcaroda meM / zrAvaNa zu0 13 ko DhAisau varSoM se jAti-vyavahAra- vaMcita cirolAvAle jainoM ko jAti meM sammilita karavAye / mArga 0 zu0 2 ko rAjagar3ha meM tIna pratimAoM kI prANapratiSThA karake unako daulatarAma hIrAcaMda nirmita jJAnamaMdira meM sthApanA kraaiiN| jAvarA meM lakSmIcaMdajI lor3hA ke banavAye huye maMdira kI pauSa zu0 7 ko pratiSThA / 1 ( 54 ) saM0 1963 kA bar3anagara meM cAturmAsa / 'mahAvIra paMca kalyANaka pUjA' aura 'kamalaprabhA zuddha rahasya' kI racanA / mArgazira mAsa meM maMDapAcalatIrtha kI yAtrArtha sasaMgha prayANa / mArga meM jvara kI bImArI hone se rAjagar3ha meM hI padArpaNa | gurudeva kI zArIrika paristhiti ke
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________________ 124 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha kAraNa saMgha ko cintA / gurudeva se zrIsaMgha kA bhAvI ke liye prazna / gurudeva kA pratyuttara / pauSa zu0 3 ko dupahara ke samaya zrIdIpavijayajI aura zrIyatIndravijayajI ko 'zrIabhidhAna rAjendra koSa' ko mudraNa aura sampAdana kA Adeza aura zrI saMgha ko mudraNArtha artha sahAyatAke liye saMketa / tRtIyA kI saMdhyA ko anazana-grahaNa aura pauSa zu0 6 kI saMdhyA ko ante. vAsiyoM ko antima upadezaH " arhan namaH arhan namaH" kA zubha smaraNa karate-karate samAdhiyoga meM lIna hojAnA ( svargavAsa ) / zrIsaMghane pArthiva zarIra kA pavitra tIrthabhUmi mohanakher3A meM pauSa zu0 7 ko vizAla janamedinI ke madhya antyeSTi saMskAra kiyA / ityalam vistareNa /
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________________ zrI rAjendrabhavana nAmaka zrI gurudeva kA svargavAsa-sthAna, rAjagar3ha (dhAra-madhyabhArata)
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________________ zrI rAjendrasUri samAdhi-maMdira, zrI mohanakher3A tIrtha-rAjagar3ha (dhAra-madhyabhArata)
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________________ gurudeva sAdhvIjI zrI puSpAzrIjI jisa prakAra dekhane ko nayana, sunane ko kAna aura khAne ke lie mukha kI mahatI AvazyakatA hai, vaise hI hame yogya prakAra ke mArga-darzana karAnevAle kI atyanta AvazyakatA hai| yogya mArga-darzaka ke binA hamArI gAr3I karmoM ke bIhar3atama mArga se nAnA prakAra ke samaviSama sthaloM se baca kara nizcita lakSya taka nahIM pahu~ca sakatI aura madhya meM hI bhaTakatI rahatI hai / jo AdhyAtmika unnati kA yogya mArga dikhalAte haiM unheM hama guru kahate haiM / guru kI mahimA apAra hai / zrI yazovijayajI zrIpAla rAsa meM likhate haiM kiH ___ "pratyakSa upakAra guru taNo, parokSa upakAra zrI jinarAya / " AcAryavarya zrI hemacandrasUri pharamAte haiM kiH "paMcamahAvratadharA dhIrA, bhaikSamAtropajIvinaH / sAmAyikasthA dharmopadezakA gurakho matAH // " arthAt pA~ca mahAvratoM ko dhAraNa karane meM dhIra, zuddha bhikSA para hI nirbhara, samatA meM hI rahanevAle aura dharmakA upadeza denevAle jo haiM, unako guru kahA gayA haiN| gata unnIsavIM aura bIsavIM zatAbdI meM hamArI samAja ko jo asahya duHkha uThAnA par3A hai usakA mUla kAraNa yogya guru kA na milanA hI hai| yogya guru ke abhAva meM yati loga niraMkuza aura aziSTAcArI ho gaye the, jisase jaina samAja saMtrasta ho gayA thaa| jahA~ AtmakalyANakara mAgoM kA hI sadA upadeza diyA jAtA hai, vahIM yadi guruvarga bhautikavAda kI camakadamaka meM Asakta hokara vilAsa-nATya kareM to bhakta avazya hI patita ho jAyagA / vyavahAra meM bhI kahA jAtA hai ki yadi 'bAr3a hI kheta ko khAne lage' aura 'rakSaka hI bhakSaka bana jAya' to kaho kauna rakSA kara sakatA hai ! gata zatAbdI meM yatisamAja ke atyAcAra apanI carama sImA para jA cuke the aura ve adhyAtmavAda se parAGmukha ho bhautikavAda kI raMgIna raMgabhUmi kI ora bar3ha kara avanatAvasthA ko prApta ho gaye the| aise saMkaTa ke samaya meM samAja (saMgha) kA yogya prakAra se netRtva karanevAle eka dhIra, vIra, gaMbhIra, mahAn krAntikArI evaM vicAraka dharmazAsaka mahArathI kI mahatI AvazyakatA thI jo samaya Ane para pUrI huI / yatisamAja meM se
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________________ 126 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pratha bAhara Akara eka prazAntaAkRti tyAgIne samAja ko Adhibhautika kI viSAkta dizA se adhyAtmavAda ke parama pAvana mArga para punaH calane ko sanAtana Adeza diyaa| samAjane dekhA-jisakA zarIra tapasyA se zuSka kASTa kI bhA~ti sUkha gayA hai aura raha gayA hai mAtra haDDiyoM kA DhA~cA, dubalA-patalA zarIra pramANopeta dhavala vastroM se DhaMkA, parama sarala prakRti, bolI sImAbaddha-kintu madhura aura jJAnagarimAdAyI / prathama najara se dekhane para hI jJAta nahIM ho sakatA thA ki yaha sAdhAraNa zarIrI sAdhu samAja meM krAnti jagA kara use punaH suvyavasthita kara degA / jaba gurudevane jAvarA meM saM0 1925 meM kiyoddhAra kara zrIsaMgha ko vAstavikatayA zrIvIra kA dharma sunAyA to samAja isase bhar3aka utthii| jisake kAraNa mahAn yugapravartaka evaM krAntikArI ko mahApariSaha sahane par3e, jinakA varNana azakya hai / paraMtu yuga-dRSTA, tyAgIndramukuTakohenUra Ate parISahoM se ghabarA kara satya se patita nahIM hote| anta meM samAja ko jJAta huA ki yati-samAja jaina saMgha ko gumarAha karanevAlA prAmakopadeza de rahA hai / phala yaha huA ki saMghasamAjane yogya nAyaka ke nAyakatva meM vIra-saMdeza ko AtmasAt kiyA aura saMjuTita ho gyaa| adhyAtmamaya AtmasAdhanA meM isa prakAra samAja punargaThita aura vyavasthita hone lagA evaM usakA zreSTha prakAra se saMcAlana hone lgaa| vAstava meM gurudeva prabhu zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja sahI arthoM meM vidvAn the, caritravAn the, saMyamI the, sAhitya-sRSTA the aura the mahAn tyaagii| Apane koraTA, jAlora, tAlanapura aura bhAMDavapura ina prAcIna tIrthoM kA uddhAra bhI karavAya aura samAjonnatikara aneka kArya bhI kiye / jaina samAja Apake kAryoM kA pUrNa rUpeNa upakRta hai / Aja aise hItyAgI, vidvAn , ArSa-dRSTA evaM krAntikArI yugavIroM ke kAryoM kA pratApa hai ki hama ujjvala. mukhI aura gauravAnvita haiN| vaMdana ho navayugapravartaka ke caraNoM meM /
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________________ gurudevadvArA kRta pratiSThAyeM sAdhvIzrI zrImahendra shriijii| jainAgama-zAstra-prakaraNa aura caritra-granthoM meM sthAna-sthAna para zAzvata jinamandiroM aura azAzvata mandiroM kA samullekha bahulatA se prApta hai| jinake dvArA hama yaha bhalI prakAra samajha sakate haiM ki caitya-nirmANa kI paramparA prAcInakAla se Aja taka abAdha gati se pracalita hai isameM kisI prakAra kI zaMkA ko sthAna nahIM hai / Adya tIrthaMkara zrIAdinAtha bhagavAn ke samaya unake jyeSTha putra bharatarAja zrIbharatacakravatIne apane rAjyakAla meM zrIaSTApada nAmaka parvata para eka siMhaniSadhA nAmaka parama manohara mandira banavA kara usameM pravartamAna avasarpiNI kAla ke cauvIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI apane-apane varNa aura zarIrapramANa pratimAe~ AtmakalyANArtha saMsthApita kI thIM, aisA ullekha caritAnuyogIya zAstroM meM prApta hai| isa AtmotthAnakara prAcInatama paramparA ko aneka rAjA, mahArAjA, seTha, sAhUkAroM ne apanAyA hai, jisakA pramANa sUtra, granthoM se aura purAtatva -vizAradoM kI zodha-khoja se prApta aneka khaNDitAkhaNDita jinapratimA, AyAgapaTTa aura aneka dhvansAvazeSoM se prApta hotA hai| vAstava meM hamAre jIvana ko bhautikavAda kI viSAkta vAsanA se adhyAtmavAda kI sumanorama dharA para lAne ke liye AtmasAdhanArtha jinapratimAoM kI mahatI AvazyakatA hai| tabhI to zAstrakAroMne 'jiNasArikkhA jiNapaDimA' kahI hai| maharSi ArdrakumAra kA uddhAra jinapratimA ko dekhane para hI huvA hai aura sayyambhavasUri ko bhI to vItarAga kI pratimA se hI bodha huvA thA / isa bAta ko lakSya meM rakha kara hamAre pUrvAcAyoM ke upadeza se hamAre pUrvajoMne aneka sthAnoM para nijalakSmI kA sadvyaya kara aneka vizAlakAya evaM sthApatya-kalA ke jvalaMta namUnArUpa caitya banavAye aura sAdhAraNa bhI / isa maMgalamaya kalyANakArI caitya-paramparA ko aneka sama-viSama paristhitiyoM se bacAkara surakSita rakhane meM zramaNa saMgha ke netRtva meM aneka rAjA amAtyAdi zrImaMtavargane aura sAdhAraNa vargane nahIM bhUlane yogya yoga diyA hai, jisake phalasvarUpa Aja bhArata kI yaha gauravamayI paramparA hamArA kalyANa kara rahI hai / 1 mathurA ke kaMkAlI TIle se aura anya sthAnoM se aisI aneka jinapratimA aura anya vastue~ prApta huI haiM, jo do hajAra varSa se bhI adhika prAcIna haiN|
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________________ 128 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka graMtha itihAsa isa bAta kA sAkSI hai ki isa paramparA ko samUla naSTa karane kA atyAcArI yavanoMne aneka bAra prayatna kiyaa| isa prAcIna sUtra-zAstrasammata aura pUrvajoM se samAcarita paramparA ke anusAra jyotirdhara vizvapUjya prabhu zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAjane marudhara aura mAlave ke katipaya prAcIna tIrthoM kA aura saiMkar3oM grAmanagaroM ke mandiroM kA punaruddhAra aura jina grAmanagaroM meM deva. darzanArtha mandira nahIM the vahA~ nUtana mandiroM kA nirmANa karavA kara, unakI yathAvidhi pratiSThAe~ karavAI / Apane aise to aneka sthaloM para pratiSThAMjanazalAkAe~ karavAI haiM, kintu unameM jo vizeSa prasiddha haiM ve isa prakAra haiM 1- jAlora (sonagiri) ke parvata para gar3ha meM prAcIna samaya ke 1 zrIaSTApadAvatAracaumukha mandira / 2 yakSavasati-mahAvIra mandira / 3 aura zrI kumAravasati-pArzvanAtha mandira ye tIna mandira haiN| kAlaprabhAvataH ina para sarakArI adhikAra ho gayA thaa| rAjyabhRtyoMne ina zAntisthaloM ( mandiroM) meM yuddhasAmagrI bhara dI thI aura ve svayaM bhI unameM rahane lage the| saM. 1933 ke jyeSTha meM jaba gurudeva isa parvata kI kandarAoM meM raha kara tapasyA karate huye AtmaciMtana meM lIna the, sahasA unakI IpsA parvata kI uccatama cauTI para jA kara dhUpa meM AtApanA lene kI huii| tatkAla ve parvata kI cauTI para gye| dekhA ki vizAlakAya mandira rAjakIya bhRtyoM ke nivAsasthAna bane huye haiN| unake samIpa gaye aura naukaroM ko upadeza diyaa| parantu jodhapuranareza kI AjJA ke binA kucha nahIM ho sakatA thA aura zrAvakavarga ko sthiti se jJAta kiyA tathA svayaM ne kaThinatama vIra-pratijJA lekara AMdolana kiyaa| ATha mahinoM taka avirala parizrama karane para mandira prApta huye| aura saM. 1933 ke mAgha zuklA 7 ravivAra ko ina mandiroM kA uddhAra karavA kara pratiSThA kI / 2-marudhara se utkaTa vihAra kara ke 17 dina meM madhyabhAratastha jAvarA padhAre / yahA~ zrIchoTamalajI pArakha ke banavAye huye dvimaMjile mandira meM zrIAdinAtha bhagavAna Adi 31 jinapratimAoM kI prANapratiSThA kii| 3-mAlavastha dhAra-jille ke kukSI nagara meM zrIzAntinAtha bhagavAn kA prAcIna mandira hai / usakA zrIsaMghane Apake sadupadeza se jIrNoddhAra karavAyA aura usake cAroM tarapha cauvIsa devakulikAe~ (laghumandira) bnvaaii| vi. saM. 1935 ke vai. zuklA. 7 ko mahAmahotsava saha zrIAdinAthAdi 21 pratimAoM kI prANapratiSThA kara unako ukta mandira meM sthApita kiyA aura saba zikharoM para kalaza aura daMDadhvaja car3havAye / / 4-Ahora ke dakSiNodyAna meM Ahora zrIsaMgha ke banavAye huye jinAlaya meM saM. 1936
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________________ zrI AdinAtha maMdirastha zrI AdinAtha pratimA kukSA-tAlanapura ( SITE TUEN prAcIna zrI tAlanapura tIrtha kA navanirmita maMdira. kukSI ( dhAra madhyabhArata )
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________________ zrImad rAjendrasUri mahArAja ke upadeza se punaruddhArita zrI kumArapAlasamrATanirmita zrI suvidhinAthajinAlaya, siyAgA ( mAravAr3a-rAjasthAna)
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________________ gurudevadvArA kRta prtisstthaayeN| 129 ke mAgha zuklA 10 ke dina mahotsavapUrvaka prAcIna zrIgaur3IpArzvanAtha prabhu kI pratimA kI prasiSThA kI aura zikhara para kalaza aura daMDadhvaja samAropita kiye| 5-rAjagaDha ( ji. dhAra ) se 1 mIla dUra pazcima meM zrIsiddhAcaladizivaMdanArtha rAja. gar3hanivAsI saMghavI zA dallAjI lUNAjI prAgvATane Apake hI upadeza se saudhazikharI jinAlaya banavAyA thA / usameM vikrama saM. 1940 ke mArgazira zuklA 7 ke dina ApazrIne zrIAdinAtha Adi 41 jinapratimAoM kI prANapratiSThA kI aura unako jinAlaya meM pratiSThita kiyA tathA zikhara para daMDadhvaja Aropita kiye / yahA~ zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja kA samAdhimandira bhI hai| 6-dhAra-jille ke gA~va dhAmanadA meM saM0 1940 ke phA. zuklA 3 ke dina samArohapUrvaka zrIRSabhadeva bhagavAn aura zrIsiddhacakrayaMtra kI sthApanA kii| __7-dhAra-jille ke dazAI grAma meM saM. 1940 phA. zuklA. 7 ke dina zrIAdinAtha Adi 9 pratimAoM kI prANapratiSThA kI aura unako mandira meM virAjita kiyA tathA zikhara para daMDadhvaja samAropita krvaaye| 8-zivagaMja ( sirohI ) meM vikrama saMvat 1945 ke mAgha zuklA 5 ke dina dazadinAvadhika mahAmahotsavapUrvaka poravAla zA vanAjI meghAjI ke jinAlaya ke liye aura anya sthAnoM ke liye zrIajitanAtha Adi 250 jinapratimAoM kI prANapratiSThA kI aura do caityoM kI pratiSThA kI tathA zikharoM para daMDadhvaja sthApita karavAye / 9-kukSI (dhAra ) meM vi. saM. 1947 ke vai. zuklA 7 ko cauvIzajinAlayasamalaMkRta zrIAdinAtha caitya ke liye 75 jinapratimAoM kI prANapratiSThA kI aura mandira meM unako pratiSThita kiyA tathA zikharoM para daMDa-dhvaja samAropita krvaaye| 10 tAlanapura tIrtha ( mAlavA ) meM vi. saM. 1950 ke mAgha kR. 2 somavAra ko bhUminirgata 50 jinapratimAoM kI pratiSThA aura zrIpArzvanAtha caraNayugala kI prANapratiSThA kI / 11 khaTAlI (ma. bhA.) meM vi.saM. 1950 ke mAgha zuklA 2 somavAra ko 3 pratimAjI kI prANapratiSThA kI aura unako mandira meM sthApita kiyA tathA zikhara para daMDadhvaja sthApita kiye| 12 riMganoda ( madhyabhArata ) meM vi. saM. 1951 mAgha zu0 7 ko candraprabhu Adi 7 pratimAoM kI prANapratiSThA kI tathA unako mandira meM pratiSThita kiyA aura zikhara para daMDadhvaja samAropita kiye / 13 jhAbuvA ( mAlavA ) meM 52 jinAlayAlaMkRta jinAlaya ke liye vikrama saMvat
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________________ 130 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka -graMtha 1952 ke mAgha zuklA 15 ko 251 jinapratimAjI kI prANapratiSThA kI tathA unako mandira meM sthApita kiyA aura zikharoM para daNDadhvaja saMsthApita karavAye / mAlave ke kitane hI grAma - nagaroM meM inameM kI pratimAe~ virAjamAna haiM / 14 bar3I kar3oda (ji. dhAra ) meM zeTha zrIkhetAjI varadAjI ke suputra zrIudayacandrajI ke banavAye huye saughazikharI jinAlaya ke liye vi. saM. 1953 vaizAkha zuklA 7 guruvAra ko mahotsavasaha vAsupUjyAdi 15 pratimAoM kI prANapratiSThA kI aura unako mandira meM sthApita kiyA tathA isI muhUrta meM paMcAyatI gRhacaitya meM zrIpArzvanAtha Adi pratimAoM kI pratiSThA kI / 15 pipalodA ( madhyabhArata ) meM vi. saM. 1954 vaizAkha zuklA 7 ke dina mahotsava - pUrvaka zrI suvidhinAthajI kI pratiSThA kI tathA zikhara para daMDadhvaja car3havAye | 16 rAjagar3ha ( dhAra ) meM vi. saM. 1954 ke mArgazira zuklA 10 ko zAntinAtha caitya kI pratiSThA kI / 17 Ahora ( rAjasthAna ) meM zrIgauDI pArzvanAthajI kI 5 devakulikAoM ke liye tathA samaya - samaya para itara grAma - nagaroM ke liye arpaNa karane ko 951 jinapratimAoM kI mahAn mahotsavapUrvaka vikrama saMvat 1955 ke phAlguNa kR. 5 guruvAra ko prANapratiSThA kI tathA zrIgauDI pArzvanAtha jinAlaya kI 52 devakulikAoM meM pratimAoM ko sthApita kiyA aura zikharoM para daMDadhvaja samAropita kiye / isa pratiSThotsava meM marudhara, mAlavA aura mevAr3a tathA gujarAta ke 35000 sahasra strI-puruSa saMmilita huye the / marudhara ke 150 varSa ke itihAsa meM yaha pratiSThotsava apane DhaMga kA sarva prathama thA | 18 siyANA ( rAjasthAna ) meM paramArhata mahArAjA kumArapAla ke banavAye huye zrI suvidhinAtha mandira meM sthApanArtha tathA siyANA ke zrIsaMgha kI banavAI huI devakulikAoM meM virAjamAna karane ke liye vi. saM. 1958 ke mAgha zukkA 13 guruvAra ko bhArI mahotsava pUrvaka zrI ajitanAtha Adi 201 jinapratimAoM kI prANapratiSThA kI tathA unako mandira meM sthApita kiyA aura zikharoM para daMDa - dhvaja Aropita karavAye / 19 Ahora (rAjasthAna) meM dharmazAlA ke upara banI huI Arasopala kI chatrI meM dhAtumaya zrI zAntinAtha Adi pratimA ko zubha muhUrta meM pratiSThita kiyA aura isI dharmazAlA ke vyAkhyAnAlaya meM kar3oda (mAlavA) nivAsI zA. khetAjI varadAjI ke suputra zrIudayacandrajI ke dvArA banavAye huye zrIrAjendra jainAgama bRhad jJAnabhaMDAra kI saM. 1959 ke mAgha kR. 1 budhavAra ke dina pratiSThA kI / zrI AdinAtha Adi prAcIna pratimAoM 20 prAcIna tIrtha zrIkoraTAjI ( mAravAr3a ) meM
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________________ gurudevadvArA kRta prtisstthaayeN| 131 kI pratiSThA tathA samaya-samaya para anya grAma-nagaroM ke caityoM ke liye arpaNArtha vi. saM. 1959 ke vaizAkha zuklA 15 pUrNimA guruvAra ko dazadinAvadhika mahAmahotsavapUrvaka 201 jinapratimAoM kI prANapratiSThA kI tathA mandiroM ke zikharoM para daMDadhvaja samAropita karavAye / 21 gur3A bAlotarA ( mAravADa ) meM poravAr3a acalAjI dolAjI ke banavAye huye jinAlaya meM vi. saM. 1959 ke mAgha zuklA 5 ke dina mahotsava sahita zrIdharmanAthajI Adi biMboM kI pratiSThA kI aura zikhara para daMDadhvaja Aropita karavAye / . 22 bAga ( mAlavA ) meM vi. saM. 1961 mArgazira zuklA 5 ke dina vimalanAthasvAmI Adi 7 pratimAoM kI prANapratiSThA kI aura unako mandira meM sthApita kiyA tathA zikhara para daMDadhvaja samAropita krvaaye| 23 rAjagar3ha ( mAlavA ) meM khajAnacI dolatarAmajI cunnilAlajI poravAr3a ke banavAye huye aSTApadAvatAra caitya (aSTApadajI ) kA vi. saM. 1961 ke mAgha zuklA 5 guruvAra ke dina dazadinAvadhika mahotsavapUrvaka RSabhadevAdi 51 jinapratimAoM ke sAtha prANapratiSThA kI tathA pratimAoM ko mandira meM sthApita kiyA aura zikhara para daMDadhvaja sthApita karavAye / 24 rANApura ( mAlavA ) meM zrIsaMgha ke banavAye huye jinamandira meM vi. saM. 1961 meM phAlguna zuklA 3 guruvAra ke dina sotsava zrIdharmanAthAdi jinezvaroM kI 11 pratimAoM kI prANapratiSThA karake unako virAjamAna kiyA aura zikhara para dhvaja-daMDa car3havAye / 25 sarasI ( mAlavA ) meM sazikhara caitya meM vi. saM. 1962 ke jyeSTha zuklA 4 ke dina candraprabhu Adi kI pratimAoM kI pratiSThA kI aura zikhara para dhvajadaMDa saMsthApita karavAye / 26 rAjagaDha ( mAlavA ) meM dolatarAma hirAcaMda ke banavAye huye gurumandira meM vi. saM. 1962 mArgazira zuklA 2 ke dina zrIgautamasvAmI Adi kI pratimA kI pratiSThA kii| 27 jAvarA ( mAlavA ) meM zA. lakSmIcaMdajI lor3hA ke banavAye huye caitya meM sthApanArtha vi. saM. 1962 ke pauSa zuklA 7 ke dina aSTAhikA mahotsavapUrvaka zrIzItalanAtha Adi pratimAoM kI pratiSThA krvaaii| 1. pR0 123 para jo bAda ' mudrita huA hai vahAM bAga honA cAhie / saMpAdaka.
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________________ upakArI gurudeva zrIrAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja bAlacanda jaina " sAhityaratna " rAjagar3ha (dhAra) AyA aura prakAza kara calA gayA, kintu hama to aba bhI andhakAra meM hI bhaTaka rahe haiM / jisane suptAvasthA se hameM jAgRta kiyA, jIvanajyota jalA kara prakAza diyA, jIvanapuSpa car3hA kara samAja evaM rASTra ko alaMkRta kiyA, svayaM jalA dusaroM ko AtmasAdhanA kA pATha par3hAyA, jIvana bhara caina na lI, letA bhI kaise, Ajataka saMsAra ke kisI bhI mahApuruSane caina nahIM lI aura usI paramparA ko use calAnA thA, vaha kaise ArAma le sakatA thA ? kaise usako aura usake upakAroM ko bhUla sakate haiM / sAMsArika avasthA meM bhI unake sAmane apanA lakSa sAdhane kI hI icchA thI / yahI vicAra thA ki maiM mAnava bana kara AyA hU~ to kisa prakAra isa bahumUlya vastu kA upayoga karU~ ? | vaibhava jise DagA na sakA - DigAtA bhI kaise ? sabhI mahApuruSoMne apanI sAdhanA kI Ar3a meM AnevAle vaibhava ko ThukarAyA hai| kyA RSabha aura kyA mahAvIra ? sabhI ke sAmane vaibhava dIvAra bana kara khar3A ho gayA thA, kintu sUrya kA prakAza jaise andhakAra ko vedha detA hai, usI prakAra isa mahApuruSane vaibhava kI dIvAra ko kSaNabhara meM naSTa kara dI / inakA eka hI lakSya thA " sarve bhavantu sukhinaH " inhoMne apane jIvanapuSpa ko car3hA diyA aura saphalatA prApta kI / jainadharma kI yahI to vizeSatA hai ki isa dharma kA mahApuruSa kaJcana aura kAminI ke sAmane kabhI nahIM jhukA / I jainadharma meM jinako mahApuruSa kI upAdhI dI hai ve arihaMta, siddha, AcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAdhu ke nAma se pukAre jAte haiN| eka bhI udAharaNa aisA nahIM milegA ki inhoMne sAMsArika (pralobhana ) saMbaMdhoM ke sAmane zira jhukAyA ho / mere kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki sAMsArikatA meM Age bar3ha jAnA hI jinakA lakSya hai, ve kabhI saMsAra ko sukhI nahIM banA sakate / jahA~ manuSya kI ucca tyAga kI icchA manasA, vAcA, karmaNA prakAreNa kAryarUpa meM pariNata ho jAtI hai, vahIM jainadharmane use mahApuruSa mAna liyA hai| kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki tyAga kA hI apara nAma jainatva hai / jaina kA artha hai ' jayatIti jinaH jinasyopAsakA H jainAH ' yA jo rAgadveSa ko jIte vaha jina aura jina kA upAsaka so jaina / ( 18 )
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________________ upakArI gurudeva zrIrAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja / yaha deza mahApuruSoM kI paramparA kA deza hai, yahA~ para eka na eka mahApuruSa samayasamaya para hote rahate haiN| hA~ to maiM Aja jisa mahApuruSa kI jhA~kI Apako dikhalA rahA hU~ ve haiM hamAre pUjanIya gurudeva prabhu zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja / ye bIsavIM zatAbdI meM jaina-dharma ke eka mahAn AcArya ho cuke haiN| ApakA bacapana kA jIvanakAla bhI krAMtimaya rahA hai / Apa vidyArjana meM, vyApAra meM, vyavasAya meM, vyavahArAdi meM parama kuzala the| sAMsArika sukha ko Apane tRNavat samajhA aura ApakI icchA yahI rahatI thI ki maiM kaba akiMcana bana kara samAja kI sevA karU~ aura dharma kA vAstavika marma samajhU / nidAna Apane sAMsArika baMdhanoM ko tyAgA aura tyAgI bane, vidyAbhyAsa kiyA aura vidvAna bane / usa samaya yadyapi aneka AcArya, sAdhu, yati ityAdi jaina dharma kA pracAra karate the; kintu Apako unake AcAroM aura vyavahAroM se santoSa na thaa| jisa dharmamArga meM calakara prAcIna jaina maharSiyoMne utkRSTa AcAra pAlakara zuddha zAzvata dharma kI dezanA dI thI, vahI samArga Apako bhI rucikara thA / Apane adhyayana kara anavarata satya kI gaveSaNA kI aura jo siddhAnta satya zAzvata siddha huA usIkA pAlana kiyA aura pracAra bhii| ApakI isa nirbhIkatAne usa samaya ke sAdhuoM aura tathAkathita yatiyoM ko jinakA AcAra-vyavahAra uttama na thA; jo dharma kI Ar3a meM DhakosaloM ko protsAhana dete the-hilA diyA / isa kAraNa Apako aneka kaSTa sahane par3e; kintu mahApuruSa kaSToM kI paravA nahIM karatA, jo satya hotA hai usIko siddha karatA hai| ApakA jIvana paramottama jIvana thaa| Apane apane jIvana ko sAdhanAmaya jIvana banA diyA / utkRSTa tapasyA, ugra vihAra aura Atma-ciMtana kara Apane indriyoM ke viSaya-vikAroM ko bhasmasAt kara diyaa| zarIra-kaSTa kI kabhI bhI ciMtA-vicAraNA nahIM kii| karate bhI kaise ! Apa samajhate the ki zarIra kA sar3ana-par3ana aura vidhvaMsana hai, jitanI sAdhanA karanI ho kara hI lenA hitAvaha hai| jainadharma niSkalaMka aura parama zreSTha dharma hai| isameM zaithilya ko tanikamAtra bhI sthAna nahIM hai / parantu samaya-samaya para kAlavazAt jaba zithilatA AI, taba-taba aise mahAn tejasvI AcArya hote rahe haiM jinhoMne prAcIna zuddha paripATi ko samajha kara tathA usako jIvana meM DhAla kara samAja ko satya kA darzana kraayaa| aise hI zramaNAcAryoM meM parama zraddheya gurudeva zrIvijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja bhI haiN| videzI zAsana meM bhAratIya sabhyatA gativihIna hogaI thii| deza kI janatA bAbAcAra
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________________ 134 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pratha ko jIvana kA pramukha aMga mAnakara dharma ko bhUla baiThI thii| cAroM ora aMgrejiyata kA hI bolabAlA thaa| bhAratavAsI apanI paramparA se ghRNA karane laga gaye the aura gauroM ko hI apanA prabhu mAnane laga gaye the / isake pahale lagabhaga sAta sau varSa paryanta yavanoM kA zAsana isa deza para rhaa| unhoMne bhI yahA~ kI sabhyatA ko aura saMskRti ko miTAne meM kasara na rakkhI thii| bhArata kI jamIna para bhale hI videziyoMne zAsana kara liyA ho, lekina AtmA para nahIM kara sake-mahAtmAoM para nahIM kara sake / yahA~ ke maharSiyoMne to nitya bhAratIya saMskRti kA hI paMcAra kiyA, phira cAhe kisIkA bhI zAsana rahA ho / isa bIsavIM zatAbdI meM jaba sAre deza meM zithilAcAra phailA huA thA, jaina-zAsana bhI isase achUtA nahIM rahA / isake bhI to yatiyoM aura anuyAyiyoM meM zithilAcAra bar3ha gayA thA / yativarga kA prabhutva deza kI jaina janatA para chAyA huA thaa| yati loga lobhI aura zithilAcArI bana gaye the| yadyapi gurudeva prabhu zrIrAjendrasUrijI mahArAjane bhI prathama yatidIkSA hI grahaNa kI thI; kintu usase Apako santoSa na huA aura jaise-jaise Apa kA jJAna bar3hatA gayA vaise-vaise AcAra-vyavahAroM meM Agamokta paddhati se viparIta jo pravRttiyA~ ghusa gayI thIM unakA tyAga karate huye Apa sarvaguNasampanna zuddha jainAcAra pAlana karanevAle AcArya bane / jaina samAjane Apake tyAgamaya jIvana se preraNA prApta kara lAbha utthaayaa| ApakA hI pratApa hai ki Aja jo bhArata se yati-prathA kA lopa -sA ho gayA hai, yadi mujhe saca kahane diyA jAya to kahU~gA ki yadi isa mahAmAnava kA janma nahIM huA hotA to hama jaina loga vItarAga kI sAdhanA se dUra kahIM ke kahIM bhaTaka jAkara aviratibhogAsakta devi-devatAoM ke phaMda meM phaMsa jaate| __ sAhitya ke kSetra meM bhI Apa jaisA mahAn paNDita jaina samAja meM Apake pazcAt dRSTigocara nahIM hotA hai| Apane 61 granthoM kI racanA kI hai / ApakI sarvazreSTha racanA ' abhidhAna rAjendra koSa ' hai jisakI prazaMsA sAre saMsAra ke vidvAnoMne muktakaNTha se kI hai|| __ kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki Apane sarvatomukhI vikAsa kiyA thA aura apanA sArA jIvana samAja-sevA evaM sAhitya kI sevA meM hI bitAyA hai|
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________________ sarasvatIputra zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri / daulatasiMha lor3hA * araviMda ' bI. e. sarasvatI vihAra-bhIlavAr3A saMsAra para bhinna 2 vicAraka, jJAnI, vidvAn evaM anubhavapradhAna vyaktiyoMne apane 2 hASTakoNa se vicAra karake yaha aMta meM sabane eka matase sthira kara diyA hai ki saMsAra asAra hai, yaha azAzvata hai, yahA~ jo janmatA, utpanna hotA hai vaha bhI azAzvata hai; phalataH saMsAra meM Asakti rakhanA mUrkhatA, ajJatA tathA mithyA vicAra hai / itanA sAmane sadA rahane para bhI yaha AtmA mAyAvI deha meM praviSTa ho kara, sAMsArika AkarSaNoM meM ulajha kara, terA-merA ke cakra meM phaMsa kara, bhautika padArthoM se prApta honevAle sukha-suvidhA se mohita ho kara, suSTha-miSTha ke phera meM, svajana-parijana-kalatra-putra-strI-mitra ke moha-mamatva meM sadA apanI amaratA, zAzvatatA ko bhUla kara utpAta karatA rahA hai / jaba 2 saMsAra meM vikaTa raNa, pArasparika dvandva, paraspara vigraha, caurI, maithuna, svArtha, saMhAra, chala-kapaTa-pAkhaNDa Adi duHkhada kukRtyoM kA sArvatrika prAvasya huA hai vicAraka, jJAnI evaM vidvAnoMne apanI Ahuti de kara tathA apanA sarvasva dekara bhI jaga kA trANa prANArpaNa karake kiyA hai, aisA kathA, purANa, itihAsa se siddha hotA hai / zrImad rAjendrasUri saMsAra ke aise hI vicAraka, jJAnI evaM vidvAnoM meM aura bhArata meM vIsavIM zatAbdI meM utpanna huye prasiddha sudhAraka mahAvyaktiyoM meM eka agraNI, tapasvI, karmaTha, zramazIla, tyAgI, vidvAn sAdhu ho gaye haiN| aise mahAvidvAn munipati kA vizAla dRSTikoNa evaM vyApaka kSetra meM smaraNa-utsava kA Ayojana preraNAdAyI, upayogI aura nava vicAra evaM bhAva denevAlA hI rahegA isameM koI vicAra-vaibhinya nhiiN| maiM zraddhA ke puSpa Apake ati saMkSipta jIvana vRtta ko raca kara bheMTa karatA hU~, vaha mere snehI pAThakoM ko svIkArya hogA aura utsava ke avasara para zraddhAJjalI rUpa meM svIkRta hogA aisI AzA hai| vIramAtA rAjasthAna bhUmi ke -- bharatapura ' nAma ke prasiddha nagara meM nivAsa karanevAle jaina upakezajJAtIya pArakha (parIkSaka) gautrIya kula meM vi. saM. 1883 pauSa zuklA 7 (saptamI) guruvAra tadanusAra disambara 3 san 1827 ko Apa kA janma vaMza-paricaya huA thaa| pitA RSabhadAsa aura mAtA kesarabAI Apako alpAyu meM hI chor3a kara mRtyu ko prApta ho gaye the| ApakA zikSaNa Apake jyeSTha bhrAtA mANikalAlane karavAyA thaa| gaMgAbAI jyeSThA aura premabAI nAma kI kaniSThA
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________________ 136 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka graMtha Apa kI bhaginiyA~ thIM / mAtA-pitA ke abhAva meM Apa kA zikSaNa jaisA cAhiye vaisA nahIM bana sakA aura Apa ko vyavasAya meM laganA par3A / vyavasAya meM Apa kA mana nahIM lagatA thaa| jhUTha, kapaTa evaM U~cA-nIcA karanA-karAnA Apa ke svabhAva ko tanika bhI nahI rucatA thA / dhIre-dhIre Apa ke mAnasa meM vairAgya-bhAva ghara kara rahA thA / mAtA-pitA ke abhAva meM jo zizu evaM abodha bAlaka ko sahana karanA hotA hai vaha Apako bhI karanA par3A aura saMsAra kI asAratA kA Apane bhalIbhAMti darzana kara liyaa| nidAna Apane apane jyeSTha bhrAtA ko eka dina apane nizcaya se vidita kara bhI diyaa| - vi.saM. 1902 meM anukrama se vihAra karate 2 zrImad pramodasUrijI mahArAja vahA~ padhAre / sarijI ke vyAkhyAnoM kA pravaNa Apa bhI karane jAyA karate the| vaise Apa kI Ayu usa samaya 19 varSa kI thii| Apa bar3e kuzAgrabuddhi aura samajhadAra the| yatidIkSA va zikSA Apa ke mastiSka meM jo vairAgya aMkurita ho rahA thA usako sUrijI ke vyAkhyAnoM evaM unakI jIvanacaryA se gaharA poSaNa hI nahIM milA, eka dRDha evaM svastha dizA bhI prApta huI aura Apa meM aMkurita hotA huA vairAgya bhAva pallavita ho utthaa| nidAna jyeSTha bhrAtA kI AjJA le kara Apane zrIpramodasUrijI ko apane bhAva kahe aura unake jyeSTha gurumAtA zrIhemavijayajI ke karakamaloM se vi. saM. '1903 vai. zuklA 5 zukravAra ko Apane yatidIkSA grahaNa kI aura ratnavijaya Apa kA nAma rakkhA gayA / zrImada pramodasUrijI ke adhyApakastra meM Apane jainadharma kA adhyayana prAraMbha kiyaa| prakhara pratibhAsaMpanna to Apa the hI aura vaise hI rUpavAn aura parizramI bhI the| ina vizeSatAoM ke Upara Apa meM vinaya aura namratA ke guNa bhI pUrNarUpa se the / Apa ko sUrijI ke hRdayahAra ziSya banane meM kucha bhI samaya aura kaThinAI nahIM huI / sUrajIne bar3e prema evaM gurubhAva se Apa ko saMskRta aura prAkRta bhASA kA adhyayana prAraMbha karavAyA aura prAraMbhika jaina pustaka aura graMthoM kA stutya abhyAsa karA diyaa| tatpazcAt Apa ko kharataragacchIya zrImad sAgaracandrajI ke pAsa meM U~cA zikSaNa lene ke liye bheja diyA gayA / zrImad sAgaracandrajI usa samaya ke jainAgamoM ke jJAtAoM meM evaM saMskRta-prAkRta ke vidvAnoM meM agragaNya mAne jAte the| Apane ukta yativarya kI nizrA meM raha kara kucha varSoM meM hI chanda, vyAkaraNa, jyotiSa, nyAya, nirukta aura alaMkAra tathA saMskRta aura prAkRta bhASAoM meM racita jaina dharma ke pramukha evaM prAraMbhika graMthoM kA acchA adhyayana kara liyaa| tatpazcAt Apako tapagacchIya zrImad pUjyazrI devendrasUrijI kI sevA meM jainAgama aura zAstroM kA adhyayana karane ko bhejA gyaa| 1 pR0 118 para yati-dIkSA kA saMvat 1904' mudrita huA hai, vahAM saM. 1903 honA caahie| saMpAdaka.
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________________ sarasvatIputra zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri / 137 zrImad devendrarijI Apa kI mohaka mUrti, Apa kI svAdhyAya meM tatparatA aura ruci para tathA Apa ke vinayAdi guNoM se bar3e hI AkRSTa huye aura rucipUrvaka Apa ko samUce jaina zAstroM kA adhyayana karAnA svIkAra kiyaa| aba Apa sthAyI rUpa se ukta sUrijI kI nizrA meM hI rahane lage / sUrijI kI Apa atizaya bhaktibhAva se sevA karate the aura AjJA-pAlana meM pratipala tatpara rahate the| sUrijI bhI Apa ko bar3e prema aura ruci se jaina zAstroM kA zikSaNa dete the / Apane jainAgama aura prasiddha jaina graMthoM kA adhyayana tathA jainatara darzana aura jainetara Avazyaka graMthoM kA abhyAsa, evaM samUcA adhyayana ina sUrijI kI tattvAvadhAnatA meM hI pUrNa kiyA / zrImad devendrasUrijI ke dhIravijaya (dharaNendrasUri) nAma ke yuvarAja (paTTadhara) ziSya the / Apa hI zrI inako par3hAte the aura anya ziSyoM ko bhI zikSaNa dete the / sUrijI Apako sarva prakAra yogya, buddhimAna, vidvAn samajha kara Apa ko apane daphtarI kA kArya bhI dene lge| isa zatAbdI meM zrIpUjyoM kA bar3A mAna thA aura unake daphtariyoM kA bhI mAna bar3A car3hA-bar3hA thA / daphtarI hI zrIpUjya ke AdhIna evaM AjJAvartI yatiyoM ko AjJAyeM, Adeza, saMdeza, samAcAra pracArita karate the aura zrAvakoM ke nAma ghoSaNAyeM evaM vijJaptiyAM bhejA karate the / zrIpUjya devendrasUrijI kA rAdhanapura (gujarAta) meM jaba dehAvasAna huA, usa samaya unake yuvarAja ziSya zrI dhIravijayajI choTI Ayu ke hI the aura zAsana sambhAlane meM pUre yogya nahIM ho pAye the / vaise ve par3hane meM, likhane meM bhI zithila aura AcAra meM bhI zithila hI the| zAsana kA bhAra aura zrIdhIravijayajI kI dekha-rekha Apako arpita karake hI unhoMne apanA antima zvAsa tyAgA thaa| zrIdhIravijayajI apane guru ke dehAvasAna para dharaNendrasUri nAma se zrIpUjya bane aura Apako apane ' daphtarI ' kA pada sthAyIrUpa se pradAna kiyaa| zrImad devendrasUrijI ke dehAvasAna ke pazcAt zrIpUjya dharaNendrasUri aura Apa meM snehasaMbaMdha bahuta thor3e samaya taka hI Tika skaa| ve bhogI ye tyAgI, ve AlasI ye parizramI, ve supta ye jAgrata, ve alpajJa ye paMDita, ve taMtra-maMtrapriya ye siddhAntadizAparivartana priya, ve dambhI ye satyaniSTha, ve manoraJjanapriya ye zAstrAbhyAsI, ve rasika ye kaThora tapasvI-isa prakAra donoM meM saMgharSa prAraMbha ho gyaa| vi. saM. 1923 meM dharaNendrasUri kA cAturmAsa ghANerAva ( mAravAr3a-rAjasthAna ) meM thaa| zrIdharaNendrasUrijI kI rasikatA evaM vilAsapriyatA sunakara eka itrapharosa itra lekara sUrijI ke pAsa AyA / sUrijIne usase bahuta U~ce mUlya kA itra krIta kiyaa| isa prasaMga para caritradhArI, zuddhavratavaMta yati zrIratnavijayajIne dharaNendrasUrijI ko itra krIta karane se anunaya-vinaya karake rokanA cAhA; parantu vaha vyasanI zrIpUjya apanI lokanindA kA bhI bhaya nahIM karatA huA 18
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________________ 138 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha rukA nhiiN| isa para donoM meM bar3A bhayakara vivAda khar3A ho gayA aura sthiti aisI bana gaI ki aba Apane vyasanI Arai lajjAhIna aise zrIpUjya kA tyAga karanA hI sarvathA hitakArI smjhaa| turaMta Apa uparokta zrIpUjya ke saMga ko tyAga kara Ahora (mAravAr3a) A gaye, jahA~ Apake guru zrImad vijayapramodasUrijI mahArAja cAturmAsa virAjamAna the| sUrijI aura Ahora ke zrIsaMgha ne jaba Apake Ahora Ane ke kAraNa ko aura bane huye prasaMga ke vRttAnta ko sunA to ve Apake sAhasa, ApakI tyAgabhAvanA, sarala jIvana aura ucca Adarza para ati hI mugdha huye aura ApakA sanmAnapUrvaka svAgata hI nahIM kiyA, Apako sarvaprakAra yogya evaM vidvAn samajha kara zubhamuhUrta meM sUripada pradAna karake Apako svatantra zrIpUjya svIkRta kiyA / cAturmAsa ke pazcAt Apane Ahora se vihAra kiyA aura mAlava-pradeza kI ora prayANa kiyaa| tapazIlatA, kriyAzIlatA aura sarala sAdhvAcAra ko dekha kara mArga ke grAma, nagaroM ke jaina . saMgha acammita hote the| Apa ke vidvattApUrNa vyAkhyAna se janatA jAvarA meM kriyoddhAra meM eka navajIvana jAgrata hone lagA / Apa jahAM bhI gaye, vahAM ... navavicAra, navacaitanya aura sAdhu-AcAra kA Apane vizuddha citra aMkti kiyA / jana-sAgara Apa kI ora abhimukha ho rahA thaa| isa prakAra tapa-teja, vyAkhyAna-rasa se jaina-jagata ko plAvita karate huye Apa jAvarA padhAre / ___ zrIpUjya dharaNendrasUrine jaba Apa kI bar3hatI huI prasiddhi evaM kIrti-saurabha kI carcAyeM zravita kI, ve bahuta hI ghabarAye aura atizaya lajjita huye / parantu aba kyA thA ! jJAnaratna hAtha se nirgata ho gayA thaa| unhoMne Apa ko punaH lauTa Ane ke liye apane anucara bheja kara kahalAyA aura padAdi ke pralobhana dekara bahuta hI AkarSita kiyA; parantu Apako to jJAna kA kSitija pAra karanA thA, Apa kaise lobha meM Ate ! Apa jaba jAvarA pahuMce to jAvarA kI janatA ne Apa kA bhArI svAgata kiyA aura dharaNendrasUrijI ke virodhI samAcAra aura Adeza-saMdezoM kI tanika bhI paravAha nahIM kii| itanA hI nahIM Apa kA cAturmAsa bhI usa varSa (vi. saM. 1924 ) jAvarA meM hI huaa| dharaNendrasUri ke pakSavartI sevaka aura kucha logoM ne cAturmAsa meM vighna utpanna karane ke kaI prayAsa kiye; parantu sarva niSphala gaye / aMta meM thakita ho kara dharaNendrasUrine Apa se likhita niyamoM para mela karanA svIkRta kiyA / isa para Apane yativarga ke jIvana ko Adarza banAnevAlI, unake naSTa huye prabhAva ko sthApita karanevAlI aura unameM saMgaThana paidA karanevAlI nau niyamoM kI eka Agamokta ' samAcArI' raca kara bhejii| dharaNendrasUrijIne usako bhI svIkRta kiyA aura sAtha meM ApakA AcArya honA bhI svIkAra kiyaa| isa prakAra yaha pArasparika
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________________ / / sdaa|| / jAvarAnagare |iigii jinAyana mH||s|saarpvaayaa bAjArapAjAzrI vijayarAjeMDsUla ni:kiyokArakA tatiHlIAdizA khaashaa|raataaniv svanitagavaldavAva tAniArayAvinA cavarazasUrajamuSi rAbavadhAsuSAsanA avijIneTamini zrIkRSanadivajAzA yavastamAtasujokI vide devdinaaNge| netthaavvaanevaa| peletehanetrIcovisI jInIyANAdA jIrApohamArA jayagAnAkSetrI HHI kriyoddhAra-prazasti-tAmrapatra zrIsupArzvanAtha maMdira, jAvarA (madhya-bhArata)
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________________ kriyoddhAra-sthAna zrI rAjendravaTa, jAvarA (madhya-bhArata) vi. saM. 1925 ASAr3ha kR0 10 ko kriyodvAra ke samaya tyAme huye char3I, cAmara, pAlakhI Adi jo Aja zrI rAjendabhavana jAvarA ( madhya-mArata ) meM vyavasthA ke sAtha sarakSita haiM.
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________________ sarasvatIputra zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri / 139 1 saMvAda samApta huA / parantu Apa ko to Age bar3hanA thA / yaha saba vidhipUrvaka ho jAne para Apane zrI pUjyapana kA tyAga karanA nizcita kiyA / jAvarA nagara ke khAcarauda daravAje ke Age eka nAle ke TaTa ke pAra jo vaTa-vRza hai, vahA~ jAkara Apane zrIpUjya ke ADambara - zobhA - sAmagrI kA tyAga kiyA, jisameM mukhya pAlakhI, chatra, camara, char3I, goTA Adi haiM, jo Aja bhI abhinava nirmita zrI rAjendra bhavana, jAvarA kI vizAla aTTAlikA kI prasiddhi aura mAna kA kAraNa bane huye haiM / isI Azaya kA jAvarA-nareza ke dIvAna ke kara dvArA pramANita eka tAmrapatra zrIsupArzvanAthajI ke jinAlaya ke pUrvAbhimukha dvAra ke bAhara dAMye hAtha kI ora uttara zAkha ke samIpa meM lagA huA hai / yahA~ se Apa zrIvijayarAjendrasUri nAma se prasiddha huye / isase Age isa bhAratIya mahAvidvAn kA vyaktitva kaI vividha dizAoM meM pUrNa vikasita aura saphala huA milatA hai; parantu yahA~ to maiM kevaLa sAhityasevA, tapazvaraNa, tristutika siddhAnta - pracAra, kucha viziSTa ullekhanIya bAteM aura dharmakRtya ina viSayoM ke upara hI varNita karane kA prayAsa karatA hU~ / vaise to inake vyaktitva evaM sAdhutva ke darzana uparokta nava kalamoM ke adhyayana se hI spaSTa ho jAte haiM / prastuta graMtha meM hI ina kalamoM saMbaMdhI varNana hai / jisase siddha hotA hai ki ve vrata meM dRDha, vacanoM meM aDiga, zIla meM akhaNDa, tyAga meM acala aura AcAra meM pariSkRta evaM pratibhAvAna, kaThora zramI, svAdhyAyazIla, zAstrajJa, samayajJa evaM Ucca zreNi ke tapasvI aura saMyamapradhAna jaina AcArya the / yaha siddhAnta zrImad rAjendrasUri dvArA praNIta athavA prAraMbha kiyA huA koI navIna mata nahIM hai / isa siddhAnta sambaMdhI ullekha katipaya prAcIna jaina graMthoM meM prApta hote haiM / prastuta graMtha meM isa siddhAnta saMbaMdhI bahuta kucha paricaya anyatra diyA gayA tristutika siddhAnta hai; ataH punarullekhana se koI vizeSa tAtparya siddha nahIM hotA hai / kevala yaha hI kahanA paryApta hai ki isa siddhAnta ke mantavya ke anusAra amuka sthaloM para deva - deviyoM kA smaraNa, ArAdhana karttavya hai aura amuka sthaloM para nahIM / siddhAnta ke mUla meM yaha bhAva hai ki deva-deviyoM kI turyakamata - cAra thuI ke anusAra jo prArthanA - svIkAra kI gaI hai, isa siddhAnta ke anuyAyI use asvIkAra karate haiM / Apane tristutika siddhAnta kA pracAra karanA hI apane sAdhujIvana kA mukhya lakSya banAyA aura Apa ataH tristutika zvetAmbara jainAcArya kahalAye / tharAdapradeza (uttara - gUrjara ), marudhara - prAnta ke sAcora, bhInamAla, jasavaMtapurA, jAlora, bAlI ke prag2aNoM meM, sirohI ke jorAmagarA meM tathA mAlatra pradeza ke dhAra - naimAr3a, ratalAma, jAvarA,
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________________ 140 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha ujjaina, indaura, mandasora ke pragaNoM ke grAmoM meM unhoMne apane siddhAnta ke sahasroM anuyAyI banAye aura kaI pAkhaNDapUrNa kriyAoM evaM mithyA mAnyatAoM ke kalaMka ko jaina samAja ke bhAla se dhoyA / apane siddhAnta ke pracAra kI saphalatA ke mUla meM unakA tapasvI jIvana, satyavAditA, dRDhavratapAlana, sAdhvAcAra meM adbhuta tatparatApUrNa niSThA aura unakA adamya zAstrajJAna rahe haiN| apane siddhAMta ke pracAra meM unako aneka vivAda, zAstrArtha karane par3e, kaSTa evaM parisaha sahana karane par3e; parantu ve dRDhavratI aDiga rahe aura ataH ve apane uddezya meM saphala huye / phalata: mAlavA, gujarAta, mAravAr3a ke saikar3oM grAma, puroM meM aura mevAr3a ke kucha grAmoM meM Aja tristutika siddhAnta ke sahasroM anuyAyI haiM / "" zrImad vijayarAjendrasUrijI ke tapasvI jIvana kI jaba Azcarya utpanna karanevAlI bAteM, ghaTanAyeM aura vArcAyeM sunate haiM aura par3hate haiM to pratyeka sujJa ko yaha kahanA par3atA hai ki vaha tapasvI jitanA de sakatA thA, samAjane usase usakA zatAMza bhI nahIM liyA / mitabhASI, mitabhojI, mitaparigrahI ve ekadama the / Alasya vahAM darzana mAtra ko bhI nahIM thA / bhASaNa meM spaSTa, bolane meM nirdoSa va vyavahAra meM zuddha ve sAdhutva kI pratimA hI the / mArga meM cala rahe haiM, bhayaMkara jaMgala meM se nikala rahe haiM -- ekadama Thahara gaye / ziSyoMne kahA, "gurudeva ! grAma kucha kadama dUra para hI hai / " uttara milatA, " sAdhu ko aba ekadama baDhane meM bhI rAtrivihAra-doSa lagatA hai / yaha to eka jhalaka kI bhAMti hai / isa prakAra vihAra, AhAra, dhyAna-saMbaMdhI aneka aisI ghaTanAoM se unakA jIvana bharA huA milatA hai / jaMgalI zera, cItAoM se aura uddaNDa puruSoM se sAmanA kaI bAra unako huA hai; parantu usa tapasvIne tapazcaraNa meM kabhI zithilatA ko nahIM praviSTa hone diyA / unhoMne apane kara-kamaloM se jitane sAdhuoM ko jaina bhAgavatI dIkSA dI thI, ve caturthAMza bhI saMkhyA meM unake vrata meM kaThinatayA raha pAye the / usa samaya kI jaina samAja aise mahAtapasvI ko adhikAMza meM IrSAbharI, jalanabharI dRSTi se dekha kara hI lAbha lene se vaMcita raha gaI, Aja vijJa sAdhu aura zrAvaka donoM isa bAta ko svIkAra karate haiM / ApakI tapazcaraNa meM dRr3hatA ke saMbaMdha meM pAThakoM ko kucha spaSTa paricaya varttamAnAcArya zrImad vijayayatIndrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja sAhaba dvArA likhita ' gurudeva ke camatkArika saMsmaraNa lekha se bhI ho jAyagA / tapazcaraNa jaise Apa uccatI sAdhu the, vaise hI Ucca koTi ke dharmasevaka bhI the / sArabhUta vyAkhyAnoM evaM dhArmika, sAMskRtika vividha kriyA-prakriyAoM se to Apane apane anuyAyiyoM meM
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________________ sarasvatIputra zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri / tIrtha aura maMdiroM kI navajIvana aura navaprANa phUMke hI; parantu sAtha hI tIrtha aura maMdira pratiSThAyeM jo dharma-mahAlaya ke Ajataka staMbha kahe jAte rahe haiM, ve bhI ApakI sevAoM kA lAbha prApta karane se vaMcita nahIM rhe| jaina graMthoM meM koraMTapura ( athavA vartamAna koraTA ) nagara kA aizvarya zrIratnaprabhasUri ke samaya se prasiddha huA milatA hai| aise prAcIna nagara ke avazeSa rahe laghugrAma rUpa meM koraTA nAmaka grAma Aja vidyamAna hai| ApazrIne isa grAma meM rahe huye ati prAcIna maMdira zrImahAvIrasvAmI kI punaH pratiSThA kI aura usako prakAza meM lAyA / isa tIrtha ke upara zrImad vijayayatIndra. sUrIzvarajI mahArAja dvArA prakAzita : zrIkoraTAjI tIrtha kA itihAsa' nAmaka pustaka meM vistRta rUpa meM likhA gayA hai aura prastuta lekhoM meM bhI eka lekha hai| ataH maiM adhika isa para likhanA upayukta nahIM samajhatA / tAtparya yaha hI hai ki AcAryazrI kI dRSTi aprasiddha huye prAcIna tIrthoM ko punaH prakAza meM lAne kI bhI adhika rahI haiN| jAlora jisako prAcIna graMthoM meM jAbAlIpura kahA gayA hai kaMcanagiri-svarNagiri kahe jAnevAle parvata kI upatyakA meM Aja bhI nivasita hai / kaMcanagiri para yakSavasati, kumArapAlavihAra, catumurkhAdinAtha Adi jinAlaya haiM / Apane isa giri para kaThina tapasyAyeM bhI kI haiM aura kumArapAlavihAra, zrIpArzvanAtha maMdira aura catumurkhAdinAtha jinAlaya kI Apane punaH pratiSThA kI haiN| ye maMdira jIrNa-zIrNa dazA ko prApta ho gaye the, sahasroM rupayoM se inakA jIrNoddhAra hotA rahA hai aura Aja kaMcanagiri kI zRMga para vinirmita sudRr3ha aitihAsika durga kI zobhA aura yAtrA ke ye kAraNa bane huye haiN| diyAvaTTapaTTI meM bhAMDavapurastha prasiddha zrImahAvIra jinAlaya kI prAcInatA kI ora bhI jaina janatA ko AkarSita karane kA zreya Apa hI ko haiM / kukSI se thor3e antara para jo tAlanapura nAmaka sthAna kabhI samRddha aura sampanna rahA hai, vahA~ ApazrI kI purAtattvadRSTi se Aja do jinAlaya tAlanapura kI prAcInatA aura vahA~ jaina samAja kI rahI samRddhatA kA paricaya bhalividha karA rahe haiN| prastuta grantha meM etad saMbaMdhI varNana anyatra A cukA hai| ___ Ahora ke vizAla evaM unnata gauDIpArzvanAtha bAvana jinAlaya kI pratiSThA bhI Apane hI kI haiN| vaise choTe-bar3e aneka maMdiroM kI pratiSThAyeM Apake karakamaloM se huI haiM, jinako varNita karane kA yahAM uddezya nahIM haiN| kyoMki ve prastuta graMtha meM hI anyatra varNita ho cukI haiN| _1 pR0 84 para kaMcanagiristha maMdiroM kI pratiSThAtithi mAgha zu. 1' mudrita huI hai| honA mAgha zu0 7 caahie| 2 pR0 63 para jahA 150 ' jinAlayoM kI aMjanazalAkA honA mudrita huA haiM, vahAM 951 samajhanA caahie| -sampAdaka,
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka - graMtha tapabala, cAritrabala, Adarza sAdhutva, manazakti, vicAradRr3hatA, kaSTasahiSNutA Adi vividha mahatvapUrNa guNa aura vizeSatAoM ko dikhAnevAlI koI mUrta vastu to hamAre pAsa nahIM hai / inakI pratIti to unake jIvanavrata kA adhyayana karake hI kI jA sakatI hai; parantu Apa kI vidvattA kA bhAna karAnevAlI vastu jo zrI ' abhidhAna rAjendrakoSa ' nAma se bhArata aura bAhara dezoM sAhityasevA meM prasiddhi prApta kara cukI hai, bahuta kucha paryApta hai / isa mahAkoSa kI pratiyA~ bhArata kI prAyaH sabhI vizvavidyAlayoM, vizAla rAjakIya anya vidyAlayoM aura prasiddha evaM ati samRddha pustakA - layoM meM vidyamAna haiN| bhArata aura bAhara ke aneka labdhapratiSTha vidvAnoMne jisakI mukta kaMTha se prazaMsA kI hai / yaha ardhamAgadhI prAkRta koSa jagatabhara meM apane AkAra meM saMbhavataH eka hI hai aura aise koSa kI racanA kA vicAra bhI vizvabhara meM sarva prathama Apa ke mastiSka meM hI janmA hai / jitane encyclopaedia graMtha Aja vizva ke pradezoM kI bhinna-bhinna bhASAoM meM prakAzita dekhe jAte haiM, mere vicAra se yaha mahAkoSa unameM agrima janma lenevAloM meM Azcarya nahIM, jyeSTha graMtha hai / 6 ra zabdambunighi ' nAmaka aprakAzita koSa bhI Apa kI eka aisI hI mahatvapUrva kRti hai / vaise Apane kula 61 graMthoM kI racanA kI hai| unameM se kucha graMtha hI abhI taka prakAzita kiye jA sake haiN| zeSa graMthoM ko bhI yathAzIghra prakAzita karane kI atyanta AvazyakatA hai; lekina yaha kArya to samAja ke zrImanta varga kA hai / ' abhidhAna rAjendrakoSa ' para prApta mahattvapUrNa saMgatiyoM kA lekhana agara kiyA jAya to eka svataMtra pustaka bana sakatI hai| aura vaise isa mahAkoSa se vidvAn, bhASAvijJa jaina, vaiSNava, AryasamAjI aura itara kSetrasevI bhalIvidha paricita hI haiN| videzI vidvAn aMgreja, jarmana, jApAna, amerikana, phrAnsIsI bhI isase kama paricita nahIM haiM / phrAnsIsI vidvAn silvhena lehone likhA hai - " kyA brAhmaNa tathA bauddha dharmoM ke kSetra meM kabhI isake jaisA graMtha taiyAra hogA / " sara jyaoNrja grIyarsana vidvAn likhatA hai - " jisa graMtha ke sAtha isakI tulanA meM kara sakUM aisA kevala eka mAtra graMtha mujhe jJAta hai aura vaha rAjA rAdhAkAntadeva kA prasiddha zabdakalpadruma koSa hai / " hamAre bhAratIya vidvAnoM kI saMgatiyA~ phira ina saMmatiyoM se aura adhika arthagaMbhIra hI haiM to usameM Azcarya hI kyA hai; parantu unako de kara viSaya bar3hAnA maiM ThIka nahIM mAnatA | dhyAna AkarSita karane bhara ke liye itanA hI saMketa paryApta hai ki prastuta graMtha meM jo deza ke ati prasiddha jainetara vidvAnoMne prAmANika lekha de kara isa divaMgatAtmA vidvAn ke prati apanI zraddhA prakaTa kI hai, vaha hI ise mahAvidvAn kI vidvattA ke sarvamAnya hone ko siddha kara detI hai /
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________________ sarasvatIputra zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri / kucha videzI vidvAnoM ke lekha aura saMdeza jo prApta huye haiM una se bhI isa sarasvatIputra kA mAna bahiradezIya sAhityika abhiruci aura kriyAvAle kSetroM meM kama hai ! aisA nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / hemavarga se DaoN0 subrIma likhate haiM " yaha smAraka graMtha usa mahAn aura nirabhimAna vidvAn kI smRti ko sadA ke liye rakhanevAlA eka graMtha hogaa|" roma se pro. TassI ( Tucci ) ke janarala sekreTrI likhate haiM "hamAre adhyakSa ko jo, isa divaMgatAtmA vidvAn ke sacce prazaMsaka haiM kisI viSaya para likhane meM bahuta AnaMda hotaa|" AcAryazrI kI vidvattA jyotiSa-kSetra meM bhI kama nahIM rahI hai| Apa kA koI bhI muhUrta vighna-bAdhAoM se viphala nahIM huaa| Apane kaI bAra bhaviSya vANiyAM bhI kI jo saccI siddha huI / kukSInagara kA dahana, ahamadAbAda ke ratanapola meM rahI huI nagaraseTha kI aTTAlikA meM agni-prakopa kA honA Apane pahile hI bhASita kara diyA thaa| isa saMbaMdha meM adhika paricaya pAne ke liye zrImadvijayayatIndrasUrijI mahArAja sAhaba dvArA likhita lekha ' zrIguru deva ke camatkArika saMsmaraNa ' ko dekheM to vizvAsa ho jAyagA ki sAdhanA se vaha kauna jJAna athavA vidyA evaM kalA haiM jo prApta nahIM kI jA sktiiN| aMta meM maiM mahAn tapasvI, dRr3ha saMkalpI, amara sAhityasevI, yuga-yuga taka amara rahanevAle zrImad rAjendrasUri ke saMsmaraNa meM yaha apanA zraddhApuSpa arpita karatA huA vartamAna aura bhAvI pIDhiyoM se AgrahabharI vinatI karatA hU~ ki ve pratyeka vidvAn ko samajheM aura vizAla dRSTikoNa rakhakara usase lAbha leN|
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________________ zrIsaudharmabRhattapAgacchIya gurvAvalI / pUjyapAda vyAkhyAnavAcaspati, lakSmaNItIrthoddhAraka AcAryavaryazrIyatIndrasUrIzvarAntevAsi-munidevendravijaya " sAhityapremI". zAsanapati-zrImahAvIrasvAmI. 1 shriisudhrmsvaamiijii| 15 shriicndrsuurijii| 2 zrIjambUsvAmIjI / 16 shriisaamNtbhdrsuurijii| 3 zrIprabhavasvAmIjI / 17 zrIvRddhadevasUrijI + 4 shriishyyNbhvsuurijii| 18 shriiprdyotnsuurijii| 5 shriiyshobhdrsuurijii| 19 zrImAnadevasUrijIx shriisNbhuutivijyjii| 20 zrImAnatuMgasUrijI / * shriibhdrbaahusvaabhiijii| 21 shriiviirsuurijii| 7 shriisthuulibhdrsuurijii| 22 shriijydevsuurijii| (shriiaarymhaagirijii| 23 shriidevaanndsuurijii| zrIAryasuhastisUrijI 24 shriivikrmsuurijii| (shriisusthitsuurijii| 25 shriinrsiNhsuurijii| ] shriisuprtibddhsuurijii| 26 shriismudrsuurijii| 10 shriiindrdinnsuurijii| 27 zrImAnadevasUrijI / 11 shriidinnsuurijii| 28 shriivibudhprbhsuurijii| 12 shriisiNhgirisuurijii| 29 shriijyaanndsuurijii| 13 shriivjrsvaamijii| 30 shriirviprbhsuurijii| 14 vjrsensuurijii| 31 shriiyshodevsuurijii| + Apane koraMTakapura meM zrImahAvIrajinabiMba kI sthApanA-pratiSThA kii| - sarasvati, lakSmI, padmA, jayA, vijayA aura aparAjitA ye chaH deviyA~ ApakI bhakta thiiN| takSazilA (gajanI) meM utpanna mahAmArI ke nivAraNArtha nADola (rAjasthAna) meM rahakara Apane laghuzAnti-stotra bnaayaa| * zrIbhaktAmarastotra aura namiUNastotrAdi jaise mahAn camatkArI stotroM kI Apane racanA kI hai| 6-ye zrIharibhadrasUrijI ke mitra the| inhoMne girinAra parvata para ghora tapasyA karake vismaraNa huye sUrimaMtra ko prApta kiyaa| (20)
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________________ zrI saudharma bRhattapAgacchIya gurvAvalI / 46 zrIdharmaghoSasUrijI / 47 zrI somaprabhasUrijI / 48 zrIsoma tilakasUrijI / 32 zrIpradyumna sUrijI / 33 zrImAna devasUrijI / 34 zrIvimalacandrasUrijI / 35 zrI udyotanasUrijI / 36 zrIsarvadevesUrijI / 37 zrIdevasUrijI / 38 zrIsarvadevasUrijI / 1 49 zrIdevasundarasUrijI / 50 zrIsomasundarasUrijI / 51 zrImunisundarasUrijI / 52 ratnazekharasUrijI / 53 zrIlakSmI sAgarasUrijI / 39 [ zrIyazobhadrasUrijI / | zrInemicandrasUrijI / 40 zrImunicandrasUrijI / 54 zrIsumatisAdhusUrijI / zrI hemavimalasUrijI / 55 56 41 zrI ajitadevasUrijI / zrI Ananda vimalasUrijI / 42 zrI vijaya siMha sUrijI / 57 zrI vijayadAnasUrijI / 43 zrI somaprabhasUrijI / zrImaNiratnasUrijI / 44 zrIjagancandrasUrijI / 58 zrIhIravijayasUrijI / 59 zrIvijayasenassUri / 60 [ zrIdevendrasUrijI / zrI vijaya devasUrijI / 61 zrIvijaya siMha sUrijI / 62 zrIvijayaprabhasUrijI / zrI vidyAnanda sUrijI / 63 - zrI vijayaratna sUrijI :- :- janma saMvat 1712 zIkara meM, pitA ozavaMzIya zrIsaubhAgyacaMdajI, mAtA zRMgArabAI, janmanAma ratnacandrajI / Apane ati rUpavatI sUribAI nAmaka zreSThIkanyA ke sAtha hue sagapana ko chor3a kara solaha varSa kI kizora vaya meM zrIvijayaprabhasUrijI mahArAja ke pAsa dIkSA grahaNa kI thI / straguru ke pAsa vidyAbhyAsa kara vi. saMvat 1733 jyeSTha 0 6 ke roja nAgora ( mAravAr3a) meM AcAryapada prApta kiyA / saMvat 1770 ko jodhapura meM cAturmAsa raha kara mahArAjA ajitasiMhajI ko upadeza de kara mer3atA meM musalamAnoM ne 45 145 1- ye zrIupadhAnavAJcanagrantha ke kartA haiM / 2-ye vi. saM. 1010 me huye haiM / inhoMne ' rAmasainyapura meM zrI RSabhadeva caitya meM zrIcandraprabhasvAmI kI pratiSThA kI thI / candrAvatI meM kuMkagamaMtrI ko pratibodha de kara usako dIkSA dI thI / ye zrIgautamasvAmIvat labdhi-sampanna the / 3 - Apane arbudAcala parvata ke samIpastha grAma ' Dhelar3I ' meM yazobhadra, nemicandra Adi ATha munivaroM ko eka sAtha AcAryapada diyA thA / 4 Apane vyantaradevakRta upadravoM ke nAzArtha 'saMtikarastotra' banAyA / 5 ina paTTadhara maharSiyoM kA paricaya jAnane ke liye jijJAsuoM ko zrItapAgaccha paTTAvalI avalokana karanA cAhiye / 19
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha upAzraya kI jo masjida banA DAlI thI, use tur3avA kara phira se usako upAzraya kA rUpa diyA / AnandavimalasUri Adi AcAryoM ke prasAdIkRta-' mAsakalpAdi maryAdA bolapaTTaka' sarvatra prasiddha kara gaccha ke sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko utkRSTa maryAdA meM calAe aura jo zithila the unako gaccha bAhara kiye / caMda, sAgara, aura kuzala Adi zAkhAoM ke kitaneka zithilAcAriyoMne ApakA sAmanA bhI kiyA, kintu unakI paravAha nahIM karate huye gacchamaryAdA prAne meM Apa kaTibaddha rahe / kisI bhojaka-kavine kahA hai ki: phiTa candA phiT sAgarA, phiTa kuzalA nai ledd'aa| ratnamari ghaDUkatA, bhAga gaI saba bher3AM // 1 // Apake 33 hastadIkSita ziSya the, unameM se vRddhakSamAvijayajI sadAcArapriya, vinIta, siddhAntapAThI, gacchamaryAdApAlaka aura sahanazIlatAdi guNoM ke pradhAnadhAraka the| aura laghukSamAvijayajI bhI gacchamaryAdA ke dRr3hapAlaka aura ati lokavallabha the / Apa vRddhakSamAvijayajI ko AcAryapadArUDha karake saMvat 1773 Azvina kRSNA dvitIyA ke dina udayapura ( mevAr3a) meM svargavAsI hue| 64-zrIvRddhakSamAsUrijI:-janma saMvat 1750 khetar3I, pitA ozavaMzIya kezarI. malajI, mAtA lakSmIbAI, janmanAma kSema( khema )caMda / Apane zrIratnasUri mahArAja ke pAsa 11 varSa kI vaya meM dIkSA lI thI / saMvat 1772 meM mAgha zu0 pAMcama ke dina Apako zrIvijayaratnasUrijI mahArAjane sUripada diyA jisakA mahotsava zA. nAnajI bhANajIne bar3e samAroha se kiyA aura sAhamatI zrAvikAne eka sahasra svarNa mudrAoM ( moharoM ) se ApakI caraNapUjA kI thii| eka samaya Apa banAza nadI utara rahe the, taba citrAvela Apake caraNoM meM lipaTA gaI thI, parantu Apane use lene kI aMzamAtra bhI abhilASA nahIM kii| gacchabhAra nibhAte hue Apane jIvana paryanta hI zrIvarddhamAnatapa kiyA thaa| Apake aThAraha ziSya the unameM se mukhya ziSya zrIdevendravijayajI ko sUripadArUDha kara nirdoSa caritra pAlana karate hue Apa saMvat 1827 meM rAjasthAna ke prasiddha nagara bIkAnera meM svargavAsI hue| 65-zrIvijayadevendrasUrijI:- janma saMvat 1785 rAmagaDha meM / pitA ozavaMzIya panarAjajI, mAtA mAnIbAI, saMsArI nAma daulatarAja / saMvat 1827 bIkAnera meM Apako sUripada milA, AcAryapadArUDha hote hI Apane jIvanaparyanta AyaMbila tapa karane kA niyama grahaNa kiyA thaa| Apake 1 kSamA vijaya 2 khAntivijaya, 3 hemavijaya aura 4 kalyANavijaya ye cAra antevAsI the / inameM se kSamAvijaya ko zithila aura avinIta jAna kara Apane gaccha bAhara kara diyA / khAntivijayajI siddhAnta-- pAragAmI, prakRti ke bhadra, parantu kucha lobhI prakRti ke
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________________ zrI saudharma bRhattapAgacchIya gurvAvalI / 147 the| koI bhAvuka sone Adi ke pUThe, ThavaNiyA~ detA to use saMgraha kara liyA karate the / usa samaya hemavijayajI kahA karate the ki yaha parigraha Age ziSyoM ke liye duHkhakara hogA; ataH ise saMgraha karanA ThIka nahIM hai / khAntivijayajI yoM kaha kara cupa lagAte the ki yaha parigraha hama apane liye nahIM, para jJAna ke liye saMgraha karate haiN| yoM karate 2 khAntivijayajI kA svargavAsa ho gayA, taba ziSyoM meM pUThe aura ThavaNiyoM ke liye paraspara kalaha hone lagA / hemavijayajI bole ki maiMne to pahale hI kahA thA ki yaha parigraha Age duHkhadAyI hogA, parantu usa samaya mere kathana para kisIne dhyAna nahIM diyA / astu / hemavijayajIne saMvat 1883 meM kriyoddhAra kiyA aura nirdoSavRtti se rahane lage / khAntivijayajI ke lAlavijaya, dalapatavijaya Adi ziSya hue| hemavijayajI vyAkaraNa, nyAya aura kArmika granthoM ke advitIya vidvAn the / udayapura ke mahArANAne Apako " kArmaNasarasvatI " kA pada diyA thA / eka samaya devendrasUrijI dhyAna meM virAjita the / unhoMne dhyAna meM AgAmI varSa duSkAla par3ane ke cihna dekha kara ziSyoM se kahA ki ogaNasittara meM ( 1869 ) duSkAla par3egA / yaha bAta pAlI - nivAsI zAntidAsa seThane suna lI aura guru-vacana para vizvAsa rakha kara usane dhAnya saMgraha kiyA / vaha khAntivijayAdi aneka sAdhuoM kI AhArAdi se bar3ha kara bhakti karatA thA; parantu zrIdevendrasUrijI mahArAja to usake ghara kA AhArAdi nahIM lekara gAMva meM jo kucha prApta hotA usase hI santuSTa rahate the / duSkAla vyatIta hone ke bAda kalyANavijayajI ko AcAryapada dekara Apa saMvat 1800 meM jodhapura ( mAravAr3a - rAjasthAna) meM svargavAsI hue / 1 66 - zrI vijaya kalyANasUrijI :: -- janma saMvat 1824 bIjApura meM pitA kA nAma desalajI, mAtA dhUlIbAI, saMsArI nAma kalajI / Apa jyotiSa aura gaNita - zAstra ke zreSTha vidvAn the / Apane aneka grAma-nagaroM meM vihAra kara upadeza bala para kitane hI pratimA - virodhiyoM kA uddhAra kiyA tathA mevAr3a aura mAravAr3a meM aneka sthAnoM para mandiroM kI hotI huI AzAtanAe~ dUra karavAI / saMvat 1893 meM zrIpramodavijayajI ko AcAryapada de kara Apa Ahora meM svargavAsI hue / 67 - zrI vijaya pramodasUrijI :: - ApakA janma gA~va Daboka (mevAr3a) meM gaur3a brAhmaNa paramAnandajI kI dharmapatnI pArvatI se vikrama saMvat 1850 caitra zu0 pratipadA ko huA thA / ApakA saMsArI nAma pramodacandra thaa| Apane saMvat 1863 vaizAkha zu0 3 ke dina dIkSA lI thii| Apako saMvat 1893 jyeSTha zu0 5 ko sUripada milA thA / Apa zAstralekhanakalA ke prebhI the aura usameM bar3e dakSa the / ApakA samaya zAstra - lekhana meM adhika jAtA thA / yaha bAta Apake svahastollikhita aneka upalabdha granthoM se jJAta hotI hai / samaya doSa se Apa
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________________ 148 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha meM kucha zithilatA A gaI thI, parantu donoM samaya pratikramaNa, pratilekhana Adi kriyA meM Apa bar3e kaTTara the| vRddhAvasthA ke kAraNa Apako Ahora meM hI sthAyI rahanA par3A thaa| Apake ratnavijayajI (isa graMtha ke nAyaka ) aura Rddhi-vijayajI ye do ziSya the / vi. saMvat 1924 vaizAkha zu0 5 ke dina zrIsaMghAgraha se mahAmahotsavapUrvaka Apane zrIralavijayajI ko AcAryapadArUr3ha kiyA thA aura zrIvijayarAjendrasUrijI nAma se unako prasiddha kiyA / saMvat 1934 caitra kR. amAvasa ko Ahora meM ApakA svargavAsa huA / 68-zrIvijayarAjendrasUrijI:-ApakA janma vi. saMvat 1883 pauSa zu0 7 guruvAra ko achanerA relve sTezana se 17 mIla dUra aura Agare ke kile se 34 mIla dUra pazcima meM rAjapUtAnA ke bharatapura nagara meM ozavaMzIya pArakhagotrI zeTha zrIRSabhadAsajI kI dharmapatnI kezaravAI se huvA thA / ApakA janma nAma ratnarAja thA / bar3e bhAI mAnakacandajI va choTI bahina premAbAI thii| udayapura (mevAr3a) meM zrIpramodasUrijI ke upadeza se saMvat 1903 vaizAkha zu0 5 zukravAra ko zrIhemavijayajI ke pAsa Apane dIkSA lI aura nAma muni zrIratnavijayajI rakkhA gyaa| ___ kharataragacchIya yati zrIsAgaracandrajI ke pAsa vyAkaraNa, nyAya, kAvyAdi granthoM kA abhyAsa aura tapAgacchIya zrIdevendrasUrijI ke pAsa rahakara jainAgamoM kA vidhipUrvaka adhyayana kiyA / saMvat 1909 vaizAkha zuklA 3 ke dina udayapura ( mevAr3a) meM zrIhemavijayajIne Apako bRhaddIkSA aura gaNI ( panyAsa ) pada diyaa| vi. saM. 1924 vaizAkha zuklA 5 budhavAra ko zrIpramodasUrijIne Apako AcAryapadavI dI, jisakA mahotsava Ahora ( mAravAr3a ) ke ThAkura zrIyazavantasiMhajIne bar3e samAroha se kiyA aura ApakA nAma 'zrIvijayarAjendrasUrijI' rakkhA gayA / vi. saM. 1925 ASAr3ha kR0 10 budhavAra ke dina jAvarA (mAlavA ) meM Apane zrIpUjya zrIdharaNendrasUri ko siddhakuzala aura motivijaya ina donoM yatiyoM ke dvArA zrIpUjyasudhAra-sambandhI nava kalameM svIkAra karavA kara aura una para unake hastAkSara karavA kara zAstrIya vidhi-vidhAnapUrvaka mahAmahotsava saha kriyoddhAra kiyaa| isI samaya Apake pAsa bhIMDara (mevAr3a) 1 ApakA janma sojata (mAravAr3a) meM saM. 1826 vai. zu. 3 somavAra ke dina gaNadhara copar3A mundaralAlajI kI patnI zrIdevI se huvA thaa| janma nAma zrIlAlajI thaa| AcArya zrIdevendrasUrijI ke pAsa bIkAnera (mAravAr3a) meM saM. 1842 mArga0 zu0 2 guruvAra ko Apane dIkSA lii| Apa tatkAlIna prakANDa vidvAn the aura Apa kriyApAtra, nigrantha aura sacce tapasvI ye| gaccha meM zaithilya dekha kara Apane vikrama saMvat 1883 meM kriyoddhAra kiyA thA / saMvat 1909 kArtika zu0 pUrNimA ke dina jodhapura (mAravAr3a-rAjasthAna) meM ApakA svargavAsa huaa|
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________________ zrImad bhaTTAraka vijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja sahamunimaMDala, jAvarA saMvat 1962.
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________________ sva. upAdhyAya zrI mohanavijayajI mahArAja vi. saM. 1968 bar3anagara ( mAlavA-madhya bhArata )
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________________ zrIsaudharmavRhattapAgacchIya gurvAvalI / 149 ke yati pramodarucijI aura dhAnerA (pAlanapura ) ke yati lakSmIvijayajI ke ziSya dhanavijayajI ne paMcamahAvrata rUpa dIkSopasaMpad grahaNa kI / saM. 1927 ke kukasI ke cAturmAsa meM zrIsaMgha ke Agraha se Apane vyAkhyAna meM 45 Agama sArtha bAMce the| kriyoddhAra ke pazcAt Apake karakamaloM se 22 aMjanazalAkA aura aneka pratiSThAe~ sampanna huI thiiN| Apane cirolA jaise mahAbhayaMkara 250 varSa pUrAne jAti kalaha ko bhI miTAyA thaa| Apane lokopakArArtha prAkRta, saMskRta, hindI aura gujarAtI bhASA meM zrIabhidhAna rAjendrakoSa, pAiyasadambuhikoSa, prAkRtavyAkaraNa vyAkRti TIkA ( padya ), zrIkalpasUtrArtha-prabodhinI TIkA, zrIkalyANamandirastotra prakriyA TIkA, sakalaizvarya stotra, zabdakaumudI (padya); dhAtupAThataraMga, aura siddhAntaprakAza Adi 61 granthoM kI racanA kii| Apake jIvana ke aneka kArya haiM, jinakA vizeSa paricaya * zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrIzvara jIvanaprabhA ' se jAnanA cAhiye / Apake hastadIkSita zrIdhanacandrasUrijI, pramodarucijI aura mohanavijayajI Adi 19 ziSya aura zrI. amarazrIjI, vidyAzrIjI, premazrIjI, mAnazrIjI Adi sAdhviyA~ haiN| ___ jhAbuvA aura cirolA-nareza tathA siyANA (rAjasthAna ) ke ThAkura Apake pUrNa bhakta the aura Apake phoTU ke nitaprati darzana-pUjana karate the / saMvat 1963 pauSa zu0 6 guruvAra 1-ApakA janma mevAr3adezIya bhIMDaragAMma meM saMvat 1896 kArtika zu0 5 ke dina brAhmaNa zivadatta kI patnI menAvatI se huvaa| choTe bhAI raghudatta aura choTI bahina rukmaNI thii| saMvat 1913 mAgha zuklA 5 guruvAra ko Apane paM amararucijI ke pAsa bhIMDara meM hI yatidIkSA lii| vikrama saMvat 1938 ASADha kR. 14 ke dina bAMgaroda (madhyabhArata ) maiM ApakA svargavAsa huA / Apa saMgItazAstra ke zreSTha vidvAn the| Apake racita sajjhAya-stuti-caityavaMdana "prabhustavanasudhAkara" nAmaka pustaka meM mudrita ho cuke haiN| 2 mAlave meM cirolA nAmakA eka gA~va hai; jo rUnIjhA relve sTezana se 6 mIla pUrva meM hai| vikrama saMvat 1720 ke lagabhaga yahA~ ke eka bIsA ozavAla gRhasthane pArivArika kalaha ke kAraNa apanI lar3akI kA sagapana ratalAma meM aura usakI strIne sItAmaU meM kara diyaa| nirdhArita samaya para donoM ora kI barAteM A upasthita haI. donoM ora ke paMca bIca meM pdd'e| parantu sItAmaUvAle lar3akI ko byAha le gye| isase apamAnita hokara ratalAmavAloMne sarvAnumata se cirolA aura usake pakSa ke kharasoda, makarAvana, bhaisalA, ur3esiMgA, salAvada. choTA bAlodA, kher3Avada aura sItAmaUvAloM ko jAti se bahiSkRta kara diyaa| yahA~ taka kI ina gAMvoM ke kuvoM se jala pInA taka banda kara diyA aura to kyA ? vahAM ke ajainoM se bhI vyavahAra-viccheda hai diyaa| kramazaH sAre mAlave meM isa kI pAbandI ho gii| kucha samaya uparAnta sItAmaUvAle to daNDa dekara jAtimeM zAmila ho gaye, lekina zeSa gaoNva bahiSkRta hI rhe| bAda meM cirolAdi ATha gA~voM ke mahAjanoMne ratalAmavAloM se aneka bAra prArthanA kI aura sAre mAlave bhara kA saMgha bhI kaI bAra melA huvA / sthAnakamArgI sAdhu zrIcauthamalajI aura ratalAmanarezane bhI aneka prayatna kiye, parantu saba niSphala rahe / saubhAgya vaza vi. saM. 1962 kA gurudeva kA comAsA khAcaroda meM huaa| usa samaya ye loga ApakI sevA meM aaye| Apane apanI zakti se binA kucha daNDa liye hI sarvAnumata se inako jAti meM sAmila karavA diyaa|
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha kI rAtri ko ATha baje rAjagar3ha (mAlavA ) meM arham-arham kA uccAraNa karate hue ApakA svargavAsa huvA / Apake svargavAsa ke samaya dhAra aura jhAbuvA ke nareza bhI antima darzana ko Ae the / svargavAsotsava meM rAjagaDha ke jaina tristutikasaMghane tathA Agantuka saMghane nava hajAra kI nicharAvala kI thI / pauSa zuklA 7 zukravAra ko rAjagaDha se eka mIla dUra Apake hI divyopadeza se saMsthApita jaina zve. tIrtha zrImohanakher3A meM jahA~ Apake pArthiva zarIra kA agnisaMskAra kiyA gayA thA, vahIM para eka ati ramaNIya saMgamaramara kA samAdhi-mandira nirmANa karAne kA nizcaya kiyA gayA, jisameM ApakI ramya manohara pratikRti (pratimA) Aja virAjita hai / antyeSThi-kriyA ke dina hI prativarSa ApakI jayaMtI manAI jAtI hai| 69-zrIvijayadhanacandramUrijI-ApakA janma vi. saMvat 1896 caitra zu04 ke dina phUlerA jaMkzana se 31 mIla dUra pazcima-dakSiNa meM rAjapUtAne kI prasiddha riyAsata 'kizanagaDha' meM ozavaMzIya kaMku copar3A gautrIya zA. RddhikaraNajI kI dharmapatnI acalAdevI se huvA thA / ApakA janma nAma 'dhanarAja' thaa| bar3e bhAI mohanalAla va choTI bahina rUpInAma kI thii| saMvat 1917 vaizAkha zuklA 3 guruvAra ke dina dhAnerA ( uttara gujarAta ) meM devasUragacchIya-yati lakSmIvijayajI ke pAsa Apane yatidIkSA lI aura 'dhanavijayajI' nAma rakkhA gyaa| vi. saM. 1925 ASADha kR0 10 budhavAra ke dina jAvarA ( madhya bhArata ) meM jainAcAryavarya prabhu zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja ke pAsa Apane sAdhu dIkSopasaMpad svIkAra kI aura unhIM ke karakamaloM se khAcaroda (mAlavA) meM Apako saMvat 1925 mArgazIrSa zuklA 5 ke dina upAdhyAya pada milA / pazcAt Apane mAlavA, mAravAr3a, mevAr3a, aura gujarAta meM vicaraNa kara aneka prANiyoM ko dharmabodha diyaa| saMvat 1965 jyeSTha zuklA 11 ke dina jAvarA (mAlavA) meM Apako zrIjainacaturvidha saMghane zrIrAjendrasUrijI ke paTTa para virAjita kara AcAryapada diyaa| jisake mahotsava meM jAvarA zrIsaMghane 15 sahasra rupayA kharca kiyaa| saMvat 1966 meM pauSa zuklA navamI ke dina zrIvijayarAjendrasUrijI mahArAja ke hastadIkSita ziSya paM. zrImohanavijayajI ko Apane rANApura (mAlavA ) meM upAdhyAya pada dekara svasaMpradAyI sAdhu-sAdhvIyoM ko unakI hI AjJA se vicarane evaM cAturmAsAdi karane kI AjJA pradAna kii| Apake gulAbavijayajI, haMsavijayajI Adi 4 hasta-dIkSita ziSya the| Apake hAtha se pratiSThAJjanazalAkAe~ aneka 1 ApakA janma saM0 1922 bhAdra kR. 2 guruvAra ko jAlora-maMDalAntargata sAMbUjA (mAravAr3a) meM brAhmaga vRddhicaMda kI dharmapatnI lakSmIdevI se huvA thA / saMvat 1933 mAgha zuklA 2 ko zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrijI se jAvarA ( madhyabhArata) meM dIkSA grahaNa kii| saM0 1951 phAlguna zuklA 2 ko zivagaMja meM Apako panyAsa pada milA / Apa lokapriya, zAntasvabhAvI, dharmopadeSTA evaM pUrNa gurubhakta ye / saM0 1977 pau. zu. 4 ko kukSI (nimAr3a) meM ApakA svargavAsa huvA /
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________________ sva. AcArya zrImad dhanacandrasUrijI mahArAja vi. saM. 1965 jAvarA ( mAlavA-madhyabhArata) sazikhara zrI mahAvIra jinAlaya ke sAtha zrI dhanacandrasUri samAdhi maMdira, bAgarA ( sAravADa-rAjasthAna )
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________________ sva. AcAryazrI bhUpendrasUrijI mahArAja, vi. saM. 1968 bar3anagara (mAlavA-madhyabhArata) zrI bhUpendrasUri samAdhi-maMdira, Ahora (mAravAr3a-rAjasthAna)
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________________ zrI saudharma bRhattapAgacchIya gurvAvalI / sampanna huI aura Apane stutiprabhAkara, jaina jana mAMsabhakSaNaniSedha, praznAmRta praznottara taraMga, caturthastutinirNayazaMkoddhAra aura jaina vidhavA punarlagna niSedhAdi aneka grantha banAe / saMkt 1977 bhAdrapada zuklA pratipadA somavAra ke dina rAtrI ko 8 baje bAgarA ( mAravAr3a ) meM ApakA svargavAsa huvA | svargavAsa mahotsava meM bAgarA ke zrIsaMghane sAta hajAra rupayoM kA kharca kiyA thA / 700-zrIvijaya bhUpendrasUrijI - - ApakA janma vi. saM. 1944 vai. zu0 3 ko bhopAla meM phUlamAlI bhagavAnajI kI dharmapatnI sarasvatI se huA thaa| janma-nAma devI candra thaa| saMvat 1952 meM Apane vaizAkha zu0 3 zanivAra ko AlirAjapura meM jagatpUjya zrImadvijayara | jendrasUrIzvarajI ma. ke karakamaloM se dIkSA grahaNa kI aura ApakA nAma zrI dIpavijayajI rakkhA gayA / Apa prakRti ke sarala aura zAntipriya the / saMvat 1973 meM vidvanmaMDalane Apako 'vidyAbhUSaNa' kA pada diyA | zrImaddhanacandrasUrijI ke paTTa para zrI jainacaturvidha zrI saMghane jAvarA ma. bhA. ) meM saM. 1980 jyeSTha zu0 8 zukravAra ko mahAmahotsavapUrvaka Apako virAjita kara zrI bhUpendrasUrijI ApakA nAma ghoSita kiyaa| isI utsava meM muni zrI yatIndravijayajI ko unakI anicchA hote huye bhI zrI saMghane upAdhyAya pada diyA / ApakA vihArakSetra mAlavA, mevAr3a, mAravAr3a, gujarAta aura kAThiyAvAr3a rahA hai / Apake hastadIkSita ziSya dAnavijayajI, kalyANa vijayajI Adi 5 haiM / vi. saM. 1990 ahamadAvAda meM hue akhila bhAratavarSIya zrI jaina zvetAmbara mUrtipUjaka munisammelana meM Apa bhI padhAre the, vahA~ nava vRddha puruSoM ( samAja ke agragaNya ) kI jo janarala samiti niyata kI gaI thI, usameM ApakI bhI cunautI huI thI / vizvavikhyAt zrIabhidhAna rAjendra mahAkoSa kA saMzodhana-sampAdanakArya Apane aura vartamAnAcArya donoMne sAtha raha kara sampanna kiyA / isa prakAra zAsanaprabhAvanA karate hue Apane candrarAjacaritra, sUktamuktAvalI, dRSTAntazataka saMskRta - TIkA Adi aneka grantha banAe / vikrama saMvat 1993 mAgha zu0 7 ko prAtaH 49 varSa kI alpAyu meM hI Ahora ( rAjasthAna ) meM Apa svargavAsI ho gaye / 71 - vartamAnAcArya zrIvijaya yatIndrasUrijI - ApakA janma vikrama saMvat 1940 kArtika zuklA dvitIyA ravivAra ko ghavalapura (buMdelakhaMDa) meM digambara jainadharmAvalambI rAya sAhaba seTha zrIbrajalAlajI kI gRhalakSmI campAbAI se huvA thA / janma-nAma rAmaratna thA / Apake bar3e . bhAI dulhicaMda, choTe bhAI kizorIlAla aura bar3I bhaginI gaMgAkumArI aura choTI ramA - kumArI thii| maheMdapura meM gurudeva zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrijI ma. ke darzana huye aura unake hI upadezAmRta se pratibuddha ho Apane saMsAra ko niHsAra samajha kara vikrama saMvat 1954 ASAr3ha
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________________ 152 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha kR02 somavAra ko khAcarauda (madhya bhArata) meM dIkSA grahaNa kI evaM nAma zrI yatIndravijayajI rakhA gayA / vi. saM. 1955 mAgha zu0 5 ko Ahora meM ApakI bar3I dIkSA huI / gArhasthyakAla meM hI Apane dhArmikajJAna takhArthAdhigamasUtra taka prApta kara liyA thA / gurudeva ke sAtha dasa cAturmAsa karate huye, adhyayanapUrvaka prakhara pANDitya prApta kiyA / tabhI to gurudevane saMvat 1963 pauSa zu03 somavAra ko svargIya zrI bhUpendrasUrijI aura Apako jagadvikhyAt abhidhAna rAjendra koSa kA sampAdana-saMzodhana sauMpA thA, jise Apa donoMne acchI taraha parisamApta kiyaa| vi. saMvat 1972 meM bAgarA (rAjasthAna) meM zrImaddhanacandrasUrijI mahArAjane ApakI vyAkhyAnapaddhati para prasanna ho kara Apako vyAkhyAnavAcaspati' kI padavI dI thii| saMvat 1979 ratalAma ( mAlavA ) meM sAgarAnandasUrijI se * jaina sAdhu-sAdhvI ko zvetavastra dhAraNa karanA yA pIta vastra !' isa viSaya para carcA huI jisameM Apane zrI vIrazAsanAnuyAyI sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko varNa se zveta mAnopeta aura jIrNaprAya vastra hI paridhAna karanA cAhiye-ke pakSa meM sUtra-granthoM ke 51 pramANa diye jinako dekha kara vipakSI ko anta meM parAjayI honA par3A aura usI samaya madhyastha vidvanmaMDalane Apako pItAmbara-vijetA' ghoSita kiyA / Apane mAlavA, mevAr3a, mAravAr3a, gujarAta, kAThiyAvAr3a aura kaccha meM vihAra kara aneka tIrtharAjoM kI yAtrA kI aura aneka bhavya jIvoM ko sanmArga kA pathika bnaayaa| bAgarA meM zrIrAjendra jaina gurukula, siyANA meM zrIrAjendra jaina vidyAlaya aura bhI aneka grAmoM meM jaina pAThazAlAe~ saMsthApita karavA kara samAja se zikSA kA abhAva dUra kiyA / vi. saM. 1994 meM zrIlakSmaNI tIrtha kA uddhAra karavA kara pratiSThA kii| vi. saM. 1995 vai. zu0 10 ko Ahora ( rAjasthAna ) meM jaina caturvidha zrIsaMghane atyutsAha se Apako gaccheza ( AcArya) pada se vibhUSita kara zrIbhUpendrasUrijI ke paTTa para virAjita kiyaa| usI utsava meM muni zrIgulAbavijayajI ko upAdhyAya pada diyaa| Apake karakamaloM se lagabhaga 40 pratiSThAMjanazalAkAe~ sampanna huI haiN| satyabodha-bhAskara, rAje. ndrasUri jIvanaprabhA, guNAnurAgakulaka, pItapaTAgraha-mImAMsA, jainarSipaTanirNaya, zrIyatIndravihAradigdarzana cAra bhAga; koraTAjI tIrtha kA itihAsa, merI goDavAr3a yAtrA, merI nemAr3a yAtrA, 1-ApakA janma saMvat 1940 vai. zuklA 3 ko bhopAla meM phUlamAlI jAtIya sadgRhastha gaMgArAmajI kI dharmapatnI mathurAdevI kI kUkha se huaa| ApakA janma nAma baladeva thaa| Apane jainAcAryavarya zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja kI AjJA se zrIdhanavijayajI ( dhanacandrasUrijI ) se saMvat 1954 mArgazira zuklA 8 ko bhInamAla meM mahAmahotsava pUrvaka laghudIkSA grahaNa kI aura vikrama saMvat 1957 mAgha zukA pAMcama ko zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAjane Apako Ahora ( mAravAr3a-rAjasthAna ) meM bRhaddIkSA dii| vartamAnAcAryane Apako upAdhyAyapada pradAna kiyaa| Apa sakriyApAtra, vyAkhyAtA aura saMskRta ke acche vidvAn the| Apane zrIrAjendragugamaMjarI padyabaddhAdi grantha banAye aura Apa saM. 2003 mAgha zuklA13 ko bhInamAla meM svargavAsI hue|
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________________ sva. upAdhyAya zrI gulAbavijayajI ma.
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________________ saMyamavayasthavira munizrI lakSmIvijayajI / zrImadvijaya rAjendrasUrIzvarAntevAsI tapasvI munizrI harSavijayajI /
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________________ zrI saudharma bRhattapAgacchIya gurvAvalI / yatIndrapravacana- hindI - gujarAtI (do bhAga), samAdhAna pradIpa - hindI (prathama bhAga ), sUktirasalatA, prakaraNa - catuSTaya sArtha, satyasamarthaka - praznottarI aura mAnavajIvana kA utthAna ityAdi 61 grantha nirmANa kara Apane sAhitya ko samRddha bnaayaa| Apake hastadIkSita ziSya sva. zrIvallabhavijayajI aura zrIvidyAvijayajI Adi sataraha ( 17 ) haiM / 153 Apake sadupadeza se koraTA, jAlora, bhAMDavA, tharAda, mohanakher3A Adi prAcInArvAcIna tIrthoM kA punaroddhAra huA aura ho rahA hai| yaha zrImadAjendrasUri svargavAsArdhazatAbdI mahotsava bhI Apake vimalopadeza se samAyojita kiyA gayA hai / zrImohanakher3A ( ma. bhA. ) meM Apake hI upadeza se 'zrI AdinAtharAjendra gurukula' abhI saMsthApita huvA hai| isa samaya Apa 74 varSa kI avasthA ke hote hue bhI apane svAsthya kI paravAha nahIM karate hue jaina samAja ke utthAnArtha prayatnazIla haiM | vAstava meM hamArI samAja Apa jaise mahAn samayajJa AcArya ko apanA adhirAja pA kara puNyazAlI hai / anta meM gurudeva ke caraNakamaloM meM vandana karatA huA prArthI hU~ ki yaha vIravATikA hara prakAra se saMsAra kA upakAra karatI rahe / / 999999
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________________ gurjara jayantu jinavarAH zrI abhidhAna rAjendra keSa saMstava munizrI yazovijayajI, ahamadAvAda jyAre graMtha-saMzodhana, vidyA-kalAnA kSetramAM sUryodaya paNa thayo na hato ane Adhunika keza-racanA-paddhatinI vasaMta te haju dUra-dUrathI ja AchA pAtaLAM darzana karAvI rahI hatI evA samayamAM eka dIrghadraSTAne gherI suvarNapaNe eka mahAbhArata kAryane puNyavicAra AvyuM ane temanA baLavAna AtmAe tene AkAra Ape ane pariNAme te vicArane bhagIratha puruSArthadvArA sopAMga siddha karI jainasaMghane juga juga sudhI na bhUlAya tevI eka mahAna-amara bheTa ApI. A bahumUlya bheTanuM nAma che "amiSA pAtra zo'. enA saMjaka che, vidvAna AcArya zrI vijayarAjendrasUrijI. keSanuM nAmakaraNa ja A vAtane paDaze (prativani) pADe che. A keSa mahAkAya sAta vibhAgamAM vibhakta che. Ane sarvAgI paricaya ane te aMgenI pramANabhUta hakIkato tenA AmUlachA, jJAtA ane anubhavIo taraphathI A samRddha aMkamAM ApavAmAM AvI che, jethI tene paricaya mutavI rAkhI a5 zabdomAM ja granthanI upayogItA aMge prastuta cheSa ane tenA saMjakane bhAvAMjali ja ApuM chuM. A keSanAM darzana sahuthI prathama vi. saM. 1987 mAM pAlItANAtIrthamAM karyA ne sahasA huM Azcaryamugdha banI joI ja rahyo. mArI bAlyavayamAM AvA vizALakALa granthanuM darzana prathama ja hatuM, ane jyAre mArA eka praznanA javAbamAM A grantha te "jenAgamakaSa" tarIke che ane badhAya AgamanuM vyavasthita saMkalana AmAM karavAmAM AvyuM che" A zabdo mArA karNa patha para athaDAyA tyAre te mArA AnaMdane pAre 110 DIgrIe pahoMcI gaye. mugdhabhAve paNa e pustaka khelyuM ne Amatema pAnAM pheravI uthalAvI ghabhAve darzana karI sAzcarya utpanna thaelI kautuka vRtti ane lAgaNanI tIvra dhrujArIene tRpta karI, paNa A prasaMge hRdayanA anaMta UMDANamAM eka saMkalpa ketarAI gaye ke "meTa thaIza tyAre Ane jarUra upayoga karIza." - tyArabAda najIkanA samayamAM ja mArI bhAgavatI dIkSA thaI. prakaraNadika granthanA adhyayana prasaMge moTI saMgrahaNIthI oLakhAtA saMgrahaNa grantha prakaraNane abhyAsa zarU karyo. dhArmika jaina sAhityanA kSetramAM asAdhAraNa mahatva jogavatA, ati mUlyavAna sAmagrI ( 21 )
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________________ zrI abhidhAna rAjendra ke saMstava dharAvatA A granthane eka suMdara anuvAda na hovAnA kAraNe bhAre kheda ne aphasosa thayo. Aja sudhI A granthanA sacitra anuvAda mATe kema kaMI prayAsa nahIM theye hAya! mArI guMjAsa nahiM chatAM gurudevanI chatrachAyAnA baLe tenA sacitra anuvAdanuM kArya karavAno saMkalpa karyo. athAga utsAha ne devagurunA AMtarika AzIrvAdanA baLe te kArya prAraMbhAyuM. e mATe aneka grantha jovA jarUrI hatA te paikI eka ja viSayanI hakIkta eka sAthe zIghra meLavavA mATe A rAjendra keSa AzIrvAda samAna thaI paDelo ane pachI te tenI asAdhAraNa upegitA ane adbhuta mahattAnAM jema jema darzana thatAM gayAM tema tema te kRti kharekhara mArA haiyAne kabaje ja laI beThI tema kahuM te huM kazI ja atyukti nathI karatA ane Aje paNa te mArA nikaTa sAthInI jema sahavati ja rahe che. jyAre jyAre e mahAkAya keSanuM darzana karyuM haze tyAre ane Aje paNa ene joIne AjathI ghaNI ochI sagavaDa-sAdhana dharAvatA jamAnAmAM paNa thaelA A kArya mATe AzcaryanI UMDI lAgaNI anubhavAya che ane mAruM mastaka kartAnA A bhagIratha punya puruSArtha sAme namI paDe che ane sanmAnanI asAdhAraNa bhAvanA eTalA mATe pragaTe che ke A keSasaMdarbha taiyAra karavA-karAvavAne sahuthI AghavicAra temane ja AvyuM ane te vakhatanA vikaTa gaNutA samayamAM paNa samutpanna vicArane amalI paNa banAvI zakyA. je mane kaI pUche ke vIsamI sadIne jaina sAhityakSetre asAdhAraNa banAva ? to A keSanuM sUcana karI zakuM evI A mahA parizrama ne mahA artha-sAdhya racanA che. Aje te temanI AkRti AntaraprAntIya graMthAgArene paNa zobhAvI rahI che. eka ja viSayanI meTA bhAganI Agamika ke zAstrIya hakIkta ekaja sthaLe avanavA svarUpamAM saraLatA ne zIvratAthI meLavavI hoya te A keSamAM ja jhaDapathI maLI zake che, A anukULatAthI aneka vidvAna ane saMzodhake tene vipula lAbha uThAvI rahyA che. vartamAnakALamAM virATa prayatna dvArA abhUtapUrva siddhi meLavavAnuM mAna jaina sAhityakSetre kharekhara AcAryazrI rAjendrasUrijI ja khATI gayA che ema jaNAvyA vinA rahetuM nathI, tethI teo anekanA prazaMsanIya banI gayA che. AvA virATa granthanI punarAvRttinI vAta hAla te praznArthaka ja rahevA sarjAelI che.
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________________ Adarza tyAgI zrImad rAjendrasUrijI zrImadvijayatIndrasUrIzvarA tevAsI muni jayaMtavijaya. manuSya janmanI sArthakatA mATe, mahAnatAnI maMjila para pahaMcavA mATe tyAga e zreSTha ane paheluM sopAna che. pachI bhale koI paNa prakArano tyAga heya. e tyAganI praNAlI AjakAlanI nathI, paraMtu Adi anAdi kALathI cAlI Ave che. asaMkhya tyAgIoe sarvasva tyAga karI adhyAtma yegI banI vizvanA sAme tyAgane Adarza rajU karyo che. adhyAtmapriya AnaMdaghanajI ane yazovijayajInA nAmathI Aja vizvane ItihAsa paNa jhaLahaLI rahyo che. e praNAlIthI ja Aje bhAratIya saMskRti jIvita che. bhAratIya darzananuM adhyayana karatAM saheje jaNAI Avaze ke tyAga ane dharmanI mahattAne vizeSa sthAna jaina darzanamAM ja apAyeluM che. e tyAgathI bhagavAna zrI AdinAtha ane zrI mahAvIra svAmIe vItarAgata pada prApta karyuM ! dRDhaprahArI ane rauhiNeya cera jevA duSTAtmAo paNa AtmasAdhana karI karmajaMjIrathI mukta thaI gayA. vizvanA gaganAMgaNamAM dRSTipAta karIzuM te tyAga ane dhArmika keLavaNInI apekSAe amerikA, jarmana, jApAna, kAnsa ane cIna Adi rASTro paikI bhAratavarSa ja eka e deza che ke jeNe tyAga ane dharmanA mATe agrasthAna prApta karyuM che. bhAratIya bALakane prAcIna saMskRti anusAra tyAgavRtti ane dhArmika keLavaNInuM jJAna bALapaNathI ja apAya che. theDA tyAgathI paNa jIvana naiyA sucAru rUpathI cAle che ane dhArmika keLavaNathI kartavyaparAyaNatAnuM bhAna thAya che. bhAratamAtA parataMtratAnI beDImAM jakaDAyela hatI tyAre e ja tyAga ane AtmabaLe bhAratamAMthI paradezIone haThAvyA hatA. bhAratIne baMdhanamukta karAvI, e ja dhArmika keLavaNIthI bhAratIya netA zAMti zastra laIne sarvatra zAMtinI sugaMdha prasarAvavA mahenata karI rahyA che. sarva vastune tyAga karanAra tyAgI phakta AtmadhyAnamAM ja akhilAnaMda samaje che, temanI manovRtti sadAnA mATe nirmaLa rahe che. keTalAka pAkhaMDIonuM sAmrAjaya samAja para vizeSa pravartatuM hatuM, dharmanA nAme aneka dharmaniSa lokene mahAna kaSTo ApavAmAM AvatAM hatAM. tyAgI leke amUlya tyAgane bhUlI jaI ezaArAmamAM AkaMTha DUbatA jatA hatA. mAnava kartavya-pathathI dUra jatA hatA, bhegavilAsane keLiye banI phakta bhautika upAsanAmAM lipta rahetA hatA, chatAM paNa temanA upara dharmanA nAme aneka atyAcAro thaI rahyA hatA. tyAgane sI kaI bhUlatA jatA hatA. ThIka ja che- ( 12 )
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________________ Adarza tyAgI zrImada rAjendrasUrijI pa isa nIti para hI nindya zithilAcAra jaba hama meM bar3hA / pAvana parama jinadharma para mithyAtva kA paradA car3hA // jisa zabda se zuci sAdhutA kA bodha hotA thA jahA~ / kyA artha vaha pAkhaNDa kA hA! aba nahIM detA vahA~ // AvA kaTekaTInA samayamAM keTalAka zraddhALu AtmAonI eka eka nasa evI karuNAbharI citkAra karI rahI hatI ke pharI e mahAnatAne Adarza batAvanAra ane tyAganI parAkASThAe pahoMcela dharmavIrano janma thAya ane tyAganA atula baLane duniyA samakSa mUkI AdarzatAne ahevAla rajU kare, durgatimAM paDatA ajJAnIone bacAve ane dharma para thatA kuThArAghAtane aTakAve amArI kakaLatI AMtaraDIone madhuropadezamaya upazama rasathI zAnta kare. kharekhara? e kakaLatI AMtaraDIone zAnta karavA eka vibhUtine janma thaye ? zuci satya patha se hama bhaTaka girane lage agha-kUpa meN| prakaTI dayAmaya kI dayA rAjendra ke taba rUpa meM // saMvata 1883 vikramabdanA piSa sudi 7nA divase maMgalamaya samaye aitihAsikatApUrNa bharatapura nagaramAM nivAsa karatA dharmaniSTha aSabhadAsajI zreSTivaryanI parama bhAgyazAlinI ardhAganA kezara devInI pAvana gedamAM eka dharmavIre janma lIdhe ane te ratnamAM mukuTamaNi sama ratnarAja' nAmathI prakhyAta thayA. thoDA samaya pachI temanI bhAvanA tyAga mArga tarapha vadhu kheMcAvA lAgI chatAM vaDIla bhrAtA mANekalAlanA atyAgrahathI silena vyApArArthe temanI sAthe gayA. sAhasapUrvaka laMkAnI yAtrA karI ghara tarapha pAchA vaLyA. ghare AvyA. mAtA-pitA paralokanI yAtrAe padhArI gayAnA abhAvamAM vairAgya bhAvanA caDhatI thavA mAMDI ane kSaNabhaMgura saMsArane meLe temane pratyakSa dekhAye. chUpI rahela tyAga bhAvanA pAchI balavAna banI ane vaDIlabhAInI AjJA prApta karI udayapura(rAjasthAna)mAM yativargamAM dIkSA grahaNa karI, ane sI keI "zrIranavijayajI nA nAmathI oLakhavA lAgyA. utsAhathI thoDA samayamAM ja vyAkaraNa, kAvya, keza, alaMkAra, nyAya, tarka Adi graMthanuM sArI rIte adhyayana karyuM. Agamano abhyAsa karI pravINatA prApta karI. tyAganuM digdarzana jANavA maLyuM. vicAro AvavA lAgyA. kayAM bhagavAnane Adeza ane kayAM Ajane yatisamAja ! kayAM tyAga ane kayAM bhega! saMsArane tyAga karyA pachI tyAganI ADamAM dharmanA nAme thatA pAzavI atyAcArane ane ane te sahana karI zakyA nahi ane ...? temaNe saMvata 123nA ghaNerAvanA cAturmAsamAM zrIdharaNendrasUrijI je te samaye yativargamAM zrIpUjyapade hatA teone "ravAnAM cak , tat sattAdhUnAM sUvArita ! ItyAdi vAtethI ghaNA samajAvyA, paraMtu teo mAnyA nahi paNa ulaTuM pApAne mujhanAM, viruM vivarSana'nI ukti pramANe uttara dIdhuM ke tamAruM je hoya te tame ja evA
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha tyAgI banI batAvI ne ?" zrI ratnavijyajI A sAMbhaLI temanI patitagatine samajI gayA. temane vicAra AvyuM je Amane have zikSA devAmAM nahi Ave te bhaviSyamAM jaina samAjanI zuM sthiti thaze? dIrghadazIe dIrdhadaSTi pheMkI. bhaviSya Azaya bAMdhI lIdho ane tyAMthI AhAra bAju vihAra karyo. tyAM jaI guruvarya zrI pramodasUrIzvarajIne sarva vAta kahI saMbhaLAvI. zrI gurudeve temane yegya jANI zrIsaMghanI sammatithI zrIpUjya padathI vibhUSita karyA ane "zrI rAjendrasUrijI" nAmathI jAhera karyA. gurudevanI AjJAthI ApazrIe Ahera(mAravADa)thI mAlavabhUmi tarapha vihAra karyo. jAvarA pahoMcyA pachI zrI pUjya dharaNendrasUrijIne yogya zikSA ApI temaNe bhUlelA pathikane mArgadarzana karAvavA saM. 1925 aSADa mahinAnI ajavALI 10nA divase tyAM ja kriyedvAra karyo. sAcA tyAgI banI sarva upAdhiono tyAga karyo, pAMca mahAvrata aMgIkAra karI satyatAne purita karI ! pAkhaMDIonI pilane khUllI karI temanI jALane bhedanAra! temanA sAme ekale hAthe jhajhumanAra vIsamI sadInA ApazrI sarva prathama kriye ddhAraka hatA, e vAta te nakkI che ke "zreyAMsi vadu vadanane ' zreya-sArA kAryomAM paNa vidmasaMtoSIo upadrava te macAve ja che. chatAM satya te satya ja rahevAnuM ane asatya te asatya ! e niyamAnusAra pU0 gurudevazrIe e upadrava kaMI paNa dekhyA vinA zAnta svabhAvathI pitAnA tyAganuM paripAlana karyuM ? satya siddhAntone pracAra-pravAha vahete ja rAkhe. tyAga ane tapasyAthI AkhA zarIrane kRza banAvI dIdhuM. marudhara ane mAlava temanA tapobhUminA kriIDAMgaNarUpa banI gayAM hatAM. emanA tyAganuM jvalaMta udAharaNa marudharAntargata svarNagirinA paranA gaganacuMbI bhavya jaina maMdira thoDA samaya pahelAM te maMdiromAM dArUgeLe ane laDAInA hathiyAro khIcakhIca bharela hatAM, upara sarakArI pahere hate. maMdiranA UMcA UMcA zikhare e batAvatA hatA ke e devAlaya jena devAlaya che. maMdira sthita zrI vItarAgadevanI mahAna AzAtanA pU0 gurudevazrI sahana karI zakyA nahi. ane potAnA tyAga baLathI TUMka samayamAM ja sarakArane khAtrI karAvI ApI ke maMdiro jainonA che. pite sarakArane pitAnA tyAgathI prabhAvita karI maMdiramAM ghaNuM samayathI bharAyela dArUgoLAne bahAra kaDhAvyuM ane maMdirane uddhAra ApanA upadezathI tristutika saMghe karAvyuM. temanA e tyAga ane vidvatAthI jhAlara jevA gAmamAM eka sAthe seMkaDo ghara mUrtipUjaka banyAM hatAM. Aja marudhara pradezamAM vetAmbara mUrtipUjakanuM gIrava rahyuM che te e zrImad rAjendrasUrIzvarane prabhAva samajavo joIe? je e vibhUti janma na leta, aneka kaSTa sahana karI mabhUmimAM bhramaNa karI satata upadeza meghane varasAbe na heta te nakkI anumAna lagAvI zakAya che ke jaina mUrtipUjaka samAjanuM gaurava Aja e bhUmimAM keTaluM raheta?
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________________ Adarza tyAga zrImad rAjendrasUrijI ApazrIe tyAganuM mahatva duniyAne batAvI ApyuM, zithila thayela samAjane nava jIvana arpsa, krAnti karI svAvalaMbanane pATha zIkha! ane jaina siddhAntanA pracAra mATe jIvana samarpaNa karI dIdhuM. - tyAganA sAthe ApazrIe sAhityasevA karI sAhityane ucca sthAna apAvyuM che. ApazrInI anahadu mahenatanA pariNAme taiyAra thayela "zrI abhidhAna rAjendra keSa" ane "zrI zabdabudhi mahAkeza' vizvanA samAjanA mATe Aja mahAna sahAyaka banI gayela che ! jenA sahAre videzI vidvAne jainatvane samajI rahyA che, jene siddhAnta zedhI zakyA che. aMtamAM paramapUjya gurudevazrIne savinaya saprema zraddhAMjalI samarpita karate prArthanA karuM chuM. satya siddhAntane pracAra karavA sAmarthyazAlI banAve. ane zithilatAthI hamezAM manavRttine dUra rAkhe? savedanA samAcAramAM temanuM vyaktitva jemAM zvetAmbara pakSamAM traNastutinA pakSIya zrI rAjendrasUrijI eka sArA zAmAM kuzaLa hatA, temanI dhAraNuzakti sArI hatI.......... .... ......" Aja sAlamAM................... ane zrI rAjendrasUrijI jevA jainatvanA be rane gayA che tethI jainavarga ghaNe dilagIra thaye che.... ... -jena vijaya tA. 2 jAnevArI san 1907 prathama lakSmIne, pachI sAhasa ane pachI yati tarIkeno anubhava lIdhA pachI teoe paMca mahAvrata AdaryA hatAM, tethI teo keInI paNa paravAha rAkhyA sivAya pitAnA vicAro darzAvavA utsAhI hatA...." hindI ane saMskRta tathA gujarAtI bhASA uparane temane kAbU e sAre hata ane carcAmAM evA pravINa hatA ke ghaNAeka vidvAne temaNe mahAta karyA kahevAya che." dIkSA lIdhA pahelAM teonI IcchA jaLa paryaTana karavAnI thavAthI teo siMhaladvIpAdi sthaLe gayelA... -jena samAcAra( sthAnakavAsI) 31 DIsembara 1906 nAnI uMmaramAMthI ja A muninuM dharma tarapha valaNa hatuM ane maraNa paryata teo vidyAvilAsI jaNAtA hatA .....jyAM derAsaro na hatAM tyAM derAsare paNa karAvyA che, vaLI A munirAjanA hAthe aneka pratiSThAo paNa thaI hatI ane tenA sambaMdhamAM ema paNa kahevAya che ke emane hAtha e to phera hatuM ke koI sthaLe viddha naDyuM nathI...................." - jaina sAptAhika pu. 4 aMka 40 tA. 6-1-1907 1 2
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha "sUri rAjendrajI jevA munimArganI bAhyAbhyatara zuddha kriyA maryAdAnA ArAdhaka tathA AtApanAdi kAyAkaSTa sahana karanAra ane jaina siddhAntanA pAraMgAmI Adhunika kaLamAM rAgadaSTi dUra karI vAstavika rIte joIzuM te evA bhAgye ja kaI haze. " ...saMvata 1963 piSa sudi 6 nA divase rAte 8 vAge AyuSya kSaya thatAM bAdhA rahita sUrirAjendra ! are hindustAnane jhalako amUlya hIro! jJAnane akhalita jhare, eka prabhAvika vighAkamaLane khilavanA prabhAkara sadAnA mATe A phAnI duniyAne tyAga karI kALadharmane svIkArI svargamAM birAjamAna thaye che " are! eka sUrya asta thaye! paraMtu upAya che? duhA, ukALa vikALanI pAMkha udaya ane asta ! emAM AvI jAya che prANimAtra samasta ! aphasosa! habhAgya che paMcamakALanA???.." - jaina sAptAhika va. 6, aMka 40 mAM lakhela laluvalyamanA lekhamAMthI, zrI rAjendra jenAgama bRhadjJAnabhaMDAramAM sthita patrathI uddata.
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________________ utkRSTa cAritrapAlaka zrI rAjendrasUrijI zatAvadhAnI kavi zrI yaMtamunijI jainAcArya zrI 1008 zrI vijyarAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja viSe kaMI paNa lakhavuM e mArA adhikAranI bahAranI vAta. pU. zrI rAjendrasUrIzvarajI jevA mahAna AtmAnA guNagAna kyA zabdamAM gAvA enI paNa mane samaja paDatI nathI, yatkiMcit paNa jenAcAryazrInA jIvana viSe lakhavAnI preraNA munizrI jayaMtavijyajIthI ne temanA patraparicayathI thayela che. A mahAna AcAryanA guNagAna gAIne temanA jIvananA Adarzo mArA cAritramAM aMza paNa utaraze te huM mAruM ahobhAgya samajIza, ATaluM prAsaMgika kahI have mukhya vAta upara AvuM chuM. saMvata 1883 nA piSa sudi 7 guruvAre ziziraRtunA khuzanumA vAtAvaraNamAM rAjasthAna prAntAntargata bharatapura gAmamAM zreSTivarya zrI RSabhadAsajI pitA ane kezarIbAI mAtAnI kUkhe ApaNA sva. jainAcArya zrI rAjendrasUrIzvarajIno janma thaye hatuM. A vakhate temanuM nAma "ratnarAja" rAkhavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. mahAna puruSanA lakSaNo chupA rahI zakatAM nathI, eTale ja kahyuM che ke "putranA lakSaNa pAlaNAmAMthI" A niyama pramANe sarvanI sAthe mitratA, vaDIle tarapha pUjyabuddhi, guNavAnanA guNanI prazaMsA, satsamAgamanI abhilASA sevavI ane kajIyA, kaMkAsathI dUra rahevuM, vyasanI lekethI dUra rahevuM ane saMsArika bandhane pratye tIvra udAsInavRtti, AvA mahAna guNe A prabhAvazALI puruSamAM bAlyakALathI kaLAvA mAMDyA hatA. vairAgyanI tIvra icchA dinapratidina vadhatI jatI hatI, eTale mAtA pitAnA svargagamana pachI 20 varSanI bharayuvAnImAM zrI pramehasUrIzvarajInA upadezathI zrI hemavijayajInA pAse saM. 103 mAM vaizAkha sudi 5 nA roja dIkSA lIdhI ane zrI pradasUrIzvarajInA ziSya jAhera thayA. sva. jainAcArye 60 varSa saMyama pALI jaina samAja upara mahAna upakAra karyo che. AcAryazrIe nAnA moTA aneka graMtha saMskRta, prAkRta, mAravADI, gujarAtI ane apabhraMza tathA hiMdImAM lakhyA che. emAM sauthI meTe virATa svarUpa grantha "zrI abhidhAna rAjendra mukhya che, je sAta bhAgamAM heMcAyela che. Aje jaina jainetare jagatanA vidvabhaMDaLamAM A keza agrasthAna dharAve che. A granthane jevAthI saMpUrNa jainAgamane bodha maLI zake che. AcAryazrIe A grantha lakhI jaina samAja upara mahAna upakAra karyo che. are! AkhA vizva upara upakAra karyo che tema kahIe te paNa atizayekti nahi kahevAya! (23)
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________________ 162 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pratha AcAryazrI utkRSTa cAritranA pAlaka hatA te teozrIne jIvananA dareka prasaMgamAM tarI Ave che. zithilAcArane teozrI eka prakAranuM pApa samajatA hatA. mANasanA jIvanamAM je kaI paNa vastu pradhAna hoya te te cAritra che, cAritrathI ja utkRSTa nikRSTane baMdha thaIne vyaktitva jhaLakI UThe che. vinA cAritra upadezanI kaMI paNa asara thatI nathI. AjanI sAdhu saMsthAmAM zithilAcAra bahu phAle phUlya vadhatuM jAya che ane AcAra vicArane sumeLa dekhAtuM nathI, pariNAme Aje jaina samAjamAM sAcA zraddhALu jenenI saMkhyA ghaTatI jAya che. sva. zrI rAjendrasUrijI paNa cAritrapAlana upara khUba ja bhAra mUkatA hatA. cAritrathI vadhAre kiMmata kaI vastunI nathI. jIvananI saphaLatA ane niSphaLa tAne AdhAra cAritra upara che, paisAmAM je zakti nathI tethI paNa vizeSa zakti cAritramAM che. cAritrano prabhAva ja addabhuta hoya che, agAunA jaina AcAryo ane muni puMgana jIvana caritre sAMbhaLIe chIe tyAre utkRSTa cAritranA baLe temaNe je suvAsa phelAvI che ane bhagavAna mahAvIranA mArgane dIpAvyuM che temanA saMyamane vAraMvAra hRdaya namI paDe che. Aje cAritranA vAMdhA paDyA che, pariNAme cAritrazIla muniye sivAya bIjAonA upadezanI kaMI paNa asara paDatI nathI. cAritrazIla manuSya samagra sRSTine premanI dRSTithI jue che ane tenuM AcaraNa paNa evuM ja hoya che. sva. jainAcAryazrIe ghaNAnA duHkha dUra karyA ane saspaMthe deya che. aMtasamaye badhA ziSyone bolAvIne kahyuM ke, "A vinAzI zarIrane kaI bharose nathI eTale tamAre darekane sAdhukiyAmAM daDha rahevuM, je emAM jarA paNa cUkaze te cAritrarUpI je hIre maLe che te gumAvI deze mATe khUba sAvadhAnIthI cAritranI rakSA karavI, meM te mAruM kAma yathAzakti siddha karyuM che, tame paNa tamArA AtmAnA vikAsa mATe badhuM karI chUTeje jainAcAryazrInA chellA zabdo AjanA dareka sAdhumunirAjane anukaraNa karavA jevA che. pitAnA guru ziSyane ke vArasa ApI jAya che ane chelle kaI jAtanI bhalAmaNa karI jAya che te badhapATha Aje khAsa jarUrI che. "sAdhu -eTale AtmasAdhanA e enuM pradhAna kartavya banI rahe che, e sivAyanI bIjI badhI pravRttio gauNa gaNavAmAM AvI che. Aje te ziSya gurunuM keTaluM mAna rAkhe che ane guru ziSya tarapha kevuM vartana rAkhe che e joIe te jaina samAjanI dayAjanaka sthiti dekhAya che. sva. zrI vijaya rAjendrasUrIzvarajIne amUlya vAraso Aje zrImavijaya ghanacandrasUrIzvara, zrImaddavijaya bhUpendrasUrIzvara tathA paTTadhara AcArya zrIvirya yatIndrasUrIzvarajI saMbhALI rahyA che. ApaNe sau jainAcAryazrInA jIvanapuSpamAMthI suvAsa laIne ApaNuM jIvana ujvaLa banAvIzuM tyAre AvA mahAna AcAryanA anugAmI tarIke ApaNuM nAma sArthaka karI
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________________ 163 utkRSTa cAritrapAlaka zrI rAjendrasUrijI zakIzuM! bAkI te Aje aneka jagyAe dekhAya che tema mahAna AtmAnI pAchaLa aMjalI ApanArA ghaNuM hoya che, temAM zabdomAM ADaMbara ane mArAmArI sivAya kazuM dekhAtuM nathI. sAcI aMjalI, sAcuM tarpaNa, sAce vAra ane sAcI yAdagirI tyAre ja batAvI zakAya ke jyAre tenAmAM rahelA Adarzo ApaNA jIvanamAM vaNa zakAya ane enuM adhUruM raheluM kAma bhale dhImI gatie paNa makkama pagale karavAnI tamannA jAge. mArI kAlIghelI bhASAmAM sva. zrI rAjendrasUrIzvarajInA jIvanamAMthI je kaMI joyuM che, meLavyuM che te ja lakhyuM che. emAM lekhakanI lekhanIe kaI jAtanI kalpanA bharI nathI, bhaktibhAvanA ubharAthI ubharAtA hadayanA ubharA ThAlavyA che, ane temanA utkRSTa cAritrane vAraMvAra abhinaMdana sAthe vaMdana karuM chuM. zamitkalamaH
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________________ yugaprabhAvaka AcAryadeva ! maphatalAla saMghavI-DIsAsaMprApta AMtaraprabhAnA samyapha upaga dvArA suSapta samAjane jAgRtine zaMkhanAda saMbhaLAvanAra sUrirAjane keTi-keTizaH vaMdanA. svaparakalyANanA utkRSTa maMgala dayeyane pAmavA kAje, aharniza jAgRta evA divaMgata zrI rAjendrasUrIzvarajInA jIvana-kavana aMge carcA karavA mATe nahi, paraMtu tene adabapUrvaka aMjali arpavAne ja prayAsa che A mAre. sUrIzvaranA janmasamaye jaina samAja para dharmane badale hatuM varcasva niprANa ruDhi-rivAjonuM, adhamane bhaya sevavAne badale jene dharmanA daMDAdhArIthI vadhu bhaya pAmatA hatA, vitarAgadevane rIjhavavAne badale koziSa karatA hatA rIjhavavAnI yatione, dharmanI ArAdhanAne samagra rAjamArga chavAI gaye hate bhautika khyAlonI pracaMDa zilAo vaDe, dharmanI samyaka prakAranI ArAdhanAnuM kArya dinapratidina banatuM jatuM hatuM duSkara, janmajarA-mRtyunI asAratAnI vAstavikatAne jANyA-pramAyA sivAya aihika khyAlamAM have gaLADUba samAja, AvA samaye pragaTyA pRthvI pATale ratnarAja saMvata 1883 nA piSa sudI 7 ne guruvAre. pitAnuM nAma rASabhadeva, mAtAnuM kezarIbAI. 20 nI vaye ratnarAje aMgIkAra karI paramapadadAyinI bhAgavatI dIkSA. ne pachI bhautikatAnI bhayaMkara bhUtAvaLa sAme medAne paDyA, AtmAnI anaMtazrInA eka mAtra sahArA sAthe. ekala, aDela, kRtanizcayI e sUrIzvaranI-eka ja samayamAM traNeya kALanuM mApa kADhavAnI-vizaka daSTi teo jyAM paga mUkatA tyAM sarvane eka yA bIjA svarUpe upakAraka banI rahetI. muktinA parama maMgala svarUpane sadA sarvadA dRSTi samakSa rAkhI, mArganA AMtara bAhya avarodhane AmUla nAbUda karavA mATe teo jIvanabhara eka mahApratApI ddhAnI mAphaka jhajhumatA rahyA che. samAjanI suSuptimAMthI janmelA dene dUra karavAmAM AtmAnA svarUpane lakSyamAM rAkhIne karavA paDatA sarva prakAranA prayAso karavAmAM temaNe kaI vakhate pAchA pharIne joyuM paNa nathI. sAdhujIvananI sarvadezIya garimAne AMbavAnI ceSTA karatI bhautika lAlasAo sAme puNyaprakepa pragaTa karI AtmIyanI AtmIyatAne jALavanArA sUrirAja jevA sajAga dharmasubhaTanI jIvanadene kRtArtha karavA mATe ApaNe sae AjanA dhanya avasare daDha saMkalpa karavo joIe. (24)
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________________ yugaprabhAva AcAya deva ! 165 jIvananA anaMta, vyApaka svarUpane abhaDAvavA IcchatI viSaya kaSAyanI viSavamatI zata zata jiddAone nAthavA kAje sUrIzvare prAdhelA zAstrAjJAmUlaka vacanAmRtAnu' ApaNe tenI mULa bhAvanA pramANe pAlana karavu joie. saMsAranI asAratAnA jJAna-bhAna sAthe pratyeka paLanA jIvananA satAmukhI vikAsa kAnTe sadupayAga karavAnA je aNumAla sAra ApaNane sUrIzvaranA jIvananA pratyeka prasaMgamAMthI sAMpaDe che tenA jo ApaNe sajAgapaNe upacAga karavAnI sanniSThA dAkhavI zakIe tA, vartamAnakALe ApaNAmAM ghara karIne vaselA aneka prakAranI aMtarAyakArI apUrNatAe tvarItapaNe dUra thAya tema che. --paraMtu sva-rUpanI sAcI laganI sivAya TaLavI azakaya che parabhAvalInatA ane haze jyAM sudhI ApaNI raga-ragamAM gUMjatuM saMgIta parabhAvavazatAnu tyAM sudhI ApaNe e jIvananA adhikArI nahi ja banI zakIe, jenA upara ApaNA adhikAra hAvA joie. jJAnamahAdadhi tulya abhidhAna rAjendra kASanI racanA dvArA saMsAranA sarva samayanA AdhyAtmika darajjAnA vidvAneAmAM gauravabharyuM sthAna pAmI, AdhyAtmika parikhaLAnI abhivyakti kAjenI sAnukULatAmAM saMgIna vadhArA karI, zrI rAjendrasUrIzvarajI samagra saMsArane jIvananI pratyeka paLa vaDe kalyANakArI nIvaDyA che. jenA nirmaLa aMtara gagane gUMjatu' hatuM parama saMgIta, paramapadanu', vadana para ramatuM hatuM teja samabhAvanuM, vANI vATe vyakta thatuM hatuM. pUrvApara sa Mba Mdhayukta trikAlajayI sumadhura satya, vicAramAM ghatuM hatuM mAtra sarva kalyANu evA prabhAvaka AcArya devane bhaktibhAvabharI smRti vaMdanA (matsyeLa chaMAmi) pAThavavAnI evI pavitra, mAMgalika sadbhAvanA bhAvatAMnI sAthe ja keTalI badhI vadhI jAya che javAkhadArI ApaNI-tene paNa khyAla thavA ja joIe. AtmAnI anaMta, apAra zaktine pramANavA sAtheAsAtha tenI ArAdhanAnA AgamabhASita sarva prakAranA niyamAyukta anuSThAnA ane pratIkAne paNa ApaNe teTalA ja darajje mAnavA pramANavA joie-je darajje ApaNe tenA punarAdvArakAne sthApelA che. game tevA lAlavALI chatAM ekAMtika prakAranI vicArasaraNIne tAbe na thavA sAtheAsAtha bIjAne paNa jo ApaNAthI bane te--te mAge jatAM vAravA joie. AdhyAtmika zabdonA mAtra aMcaLA taLe, prajAsamUhane bhaLatA bhautika pragatinA caLakATavALA mArge AgaLa laI javA IcchatA rAjakIya puruSAnI--te pachI game te nAma ke heAAdhArI hAya--asara taLe na AvatAM ApaNAmAM jAgelI sva-parakalyANunI siddhAntamUlaka bhAvanA temane samajAvavAnI kaiAziSa karavI joIe, kevaLa manuSyanA bhautika lAbhane vicAra ane yAjanAnA kendrasthAne sthApI daI, tenA nimitte jIvananA ApaNA jeTalA ja adhikArI bIjA jIvAne apAra
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrari-smAraka-pratha nukasAna thatuM hoya te te samaye ApaNe siddhAntanA sahAre sAmano karIne satya kayAM che te samajAvavAne pAka prayAsa kare joIe. AdhyAtmikatAmAM tarabaLa thavAnI utkaTa tamannA chatAM ya, bhautiktAnA bhayAnaka bhUtane e daraje mUkI devuM joIe ke je daraje pratyeka gAmanA ukaraDAne maLela hoya che. bhaya ke bhIrutA na bane ApaNuM sAcI sAdhanA- ArAdhanAnA kAraNarUpa tenI takedArI rAkhavA sAthe zAsananA sarva sUtra-niyamane jIvananA paramajIvananA parama kAraNurUpa sanmAnI yogya rIte AcaravAmAM tatparatA batAvavI joIe. vera-jheranI jhALamAM jalatA mAnavaprANIonA hita kAje, AtmAnI amRtavANI akhaMDapaNe varSa-varasAvI, jainazAsanane vijayadhvaja lahevarAvanAra parama pU. sUrideve 80 varSanI AyumaryAdAmAM je pavitra mAMgalika kAryo karyA che tenI ApaNe bhUri-bhUri prazaMsA karI sAtvika jIvananA varaNAgI banIe. A saMsAra ho, che ane raheze. chatAM emAM samaye samaye dharmanI bUjhAtI tine svajIvanataila dvArA sateja karanArA pU. rAjendrasUrIzvarajI jevA yugaprabhAvaka AtmAonA jIvanakAryane sahAyarUpa thavAnI svaparakalyANalakSI bhAvanA bhAvI, niyamita rIte jIvanane dharmaparAyaNa banAvavuM joIe. jenA zAsanamAM jIvIe chIe ApaNe, te carama tIrthapatinI ujajavaLa mATeparaparAne svajIvana pratApa dvArA TakAvI rAkhanArA paramapUjya AcAryadevanI pAvanakArI smRtine dIpaka akhaMDapaNe jalate rAkhavA mATe, ApaNe mera chavAelA timira-sAmrAjya sAme aNanamapaNe jhUjhavuM paDaze. dharmanA sAcA zaraNAgatane saMsAranuM kaI zarA harAvI zakatuM nathI ja. dharmanA vikalavyApI jayamAM che jIvamAtranI kalyANalakSI sarva bhAvanA enuM jatana.
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________________ virala vibhUti? adbhuta yogI ? kIti kumAra hAlacaka verA tharAdavAlA-muMbaI 2 avanI para InsAne jyAre pitAne dharma vIsaravA mAMDyA, pitAnI pharaje bhUlavA mAMDyA, mAtapitA pitAnAM saMtAne pratyenI, saMtAne pitAnAM mAta-tAta pratyenI, bhAI bhAI pratyenI, are ! AgaLa vadhIe te sI keI pitAnA AcAravicAra ane vartana pratyenI badhI ja pharaja bhUlavA mAMDyA, tyAre ? tyAre eka sarvazreSTha mAnava daMpati bharatakSetranA bhAratapura nagaramAM vidyamAna thaI cUkyAM hatAM. zA mATe? samAjanAM mAta-tAtane samajAvavA mATe ke pAchaLa evI saMtatI mUkIne jAo ke samAjane, gAmane, dezane are ! jagatane kaMIka paNa khapamAM Ave ! A daMpatInuM nAma hatuM rUSabhadAsa ane kezarabAI ane khare ja samAjanAM mAtApitAnI sAna ThekANe lAvavA, samAjanAM saMtAnane saMskAranA pATha paDhAvanAra ratna samAna ratnarAjanI samAjane, dezane are jagatane bheTa dharI je ratnottama putranI prApti A daMpatine saMvata 1883 nA piSa suda 7 nA divase thaI hatI. mAtapitAnI anupama sevA karI suputra tarIke nAmanA meLavanAra ratnarAje pitAnuM hadaya chale chala vairAgyathI bhareluM hatuM chatAM mAtapitA pratyenI pitAnI pharajo ane premane samajI zrI viraprabhunI mAphaka mAtapitAnA svarga-gamana sudhI saMsAratyAganI vAta paNa ucArI na hatI. are! mAtA pitAne saMpUrNa zAntimaya ane dharmArAdhanAmAM jIvana jIvavAne upadeza ApI soLa varasanA kIzora ratnarAjane vaDIla baMdhu mANekalAlanI sAthe siMhaladvIpa (laMkA) drapArjana mATe javuM paDayuM hatuM-gayA hatA ane jagatanA juvAnene samajAvyuM hatuM ke mAtA-pitA pratyenI saMtAne pharajo e paNa eka prakArano dharma che. ane nIkaTa bhavI-haLavAmI AtmAo mAtapitAnI sevA karatAM karatAM saMsArI sAdhu banIne rahI zake che. ane khare ja ratnarAjanuM jIvana saMsArI avasthAmAM paNa sAcA sAdhu jevuM ja hatuM. samAjamAM, gAmamAM, dezamAM are! duniyA AkhImAM vyApI cUkyuM hate aMdhakAra ajJAnatAne, jagatamaMdiramAMthI ochA thavA mAMDayA hatA jagatanA jIvAtmAone tyAga, vairAgya ane samabhAvanA sAcA raste vALavAvALA ! paravAravA mAMDayuM hatuM jagat maMdiranuM punya! jarUra paDI hatI jagatane sAcA mArgadarzakanI-jagatabharanA svArthane tyAgI paramArtha kAje jIvana arpanAranI (ra)
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha gharanuM bhaluM thatu. hAya tA peAtAnA svArtha jatA karanAra seAmAMthI eka maLI Ave che. kuTuMbanu bhalu thatuM hAya tA gharanA svArtha jatA karanAra hajAramAMthI eka maLI Ave che. gAmanuM bhalu thatu. hAya te| kuTuMbanA svArtha jatA karanAra lAkhamAMthI eka maLI Ave che. dezanuM bhaluM thatu hAya tA gAmanA svArtha jatA karanAra kroDamAMthI eka maLI Ave che. paraMtu jagatanA bhalAne khAtara-uddhArane khAtara dezanA svArtha jatA karanAra akhannemAMthI eka maLI Ave che. jyAre Aje jarUra hatI traNa leAkanA kalyANanI bhAvanAvAlA punyAtmAonI ane evI eka virala vibhUti paNa ratnagarbhA bhAratInA udaramAM utpanna thai cUkI hatI. peAtAnA, peAtAnA kuTuMbanA, gAma deza are jagatabharanA svArthane jatA karI 'sarvatra suNI mavaMtu hoLA: ' ne khAtara ratnarAje A saMsAranA tyAga karI yatidhama aMgIkAra karyAM, ane have e ratnarAja maTI banI gayA zrI ratnavijaya. jagatanA aMdhakArane dUra karavA yatidharma aMgIkAra karanAra zrI ratnavijayajIe joyu. tA ? dekhAyuM ke pravezavA mAMDyo hatA pavana zithilAcArane agresara yativAmAM, zahenazAhe akabare pU zrI hIravijayasUri mahArAjanA prabhAvathI mugdha thai pUjyanA mAnane khAtara jaina dharmanA bahumAnane khAtara chatra, pAlakhI, chaDInI bheTa seAdAganI prathA dAkhala karI hatI. paraMtu A prathAmAMthI kALa jatAM pravezI cUkayA hatA saDA sAhIkhIne yativarezamAM ! dharmanAM bahumAnanA pratIka sarakhI AgaLa cAlatI khAlI pAlakhImAM yativA tirAjavA mAMDayA ane chatrA mAthe dharAvavA mAMDayA ane A rIte dhIre dhIre pAtAnA dharma bhUlavA lAgyA tyAre ? tyAre ratnavijayajIne lAgyuM ke pahela' gharane sudhArI gAma, deza ane jagatane sudhAravuM jarUrI che ane eTale ja mArga bhUlelA yativarganI sAme jhuMbeza upADI ane eka divasa badhA ja yativarAne zrI ratnavijayajInA mArga kabUla karavA paDyo; kAraNa A ja mArga sAceA hateA anAdithI cAlyA AvatA A mArga hatA. have ratnavijaya yati maTI anyA pAMca mahAvratadhArI sAdhusamAjanA agresara. AcArya deva prabhuzrImadvijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja. ane have emaNe najara mAMDI samAja tarapha jagata taraph ! emanA netra durabInamAM emane zuM dekhAyuM ! saDA jAmyA hatA apAra mithyAtvanA samAjamAM ! mANasAnI khasavA mAMDI zraddhA zAzvata dharma pratyethI, mANusA mAnavA-pUjavA mAMDyA hatA sAMsArika deva devIone saMsAranAM kSaNubhaMgura sukhAne khAtara ! ane A badhAnuM mULa kAraNa hatuM ajJAnatA, ane A ajJAnatA dUra karavA A virala vibhUti prabhu zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja cAlI nIkaLyA. mAravADa, mALavA, rAjasthAna ane gujarAtane gAmaDe gAmaDe phrI ane jagatabharamAM abhiyAna rAjendra jevA mahAna keza ane zabdakomudri,vyAkaraNa padma
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________________ virala vibhUti ? adabhuta gI? asaddabuddhi, siddhAntaprakAza, tatvavivekapraznottaramAlikA, jevA mahAna graMtha dvArA jJAnanI zveta pragaTAvI. mithyAtvanA saDAne dUra karyA. sAcA dharmane marma samajAvyuM emaNe darekane ! choDAvyA darekane mithyAtva, ajJAna ane aMdhazraddhAnI jabbara pakkaDamAMthI ane karyo punaHuddhAra anAdithI cAlyA AvatA zAzvata dharmane! ane utaryo nathI haju e raMga virala vibhUtie zuddha samakitanA raMge raMgelAM mAnava mAnasane! pacAsa pacAsa varasanAM prabhAta UgyAM ane AthamI gayAM-e divasane ke je divase A virala vibhUtie potAnA zvAsozvAsa pUrA thavA AvyA jANe addabhuta cagI banIne samAdhI lagAvI hatI, anasana AdaryuM hatuM ane mRtyune amRta samajI hasate mukhaDe bheTavA taiyArI karI lIdhI hatI. A puNyabhUminuM nAma hatuM mehanakheDA. heto rahyo pApane paNa aMza A virala vibhUtimAM ke emane Dara hoya mRtyutaNe. bhAtuM bharyuM hatuM punyataNuM A addabhuta vegIe mekSamArgamAM khUTe nahi eTaluM pachI zA mATe Dara hAya yamadUtane? mRtyuthI keNa Dare che? janma dharI jagatamAM pApa nakAmAM AcaryA jeNe, Dara lAge che mRtyu taNe mahAbhayaMkara tene mRtyukinAre beThela AvI vyakti zuM bole che ? meM dAna te dIdhuM nahi, ne ziyaLa paNa pALyuM nahi, tapathI damI kAyA nahi, zubha bhAva paNa bhAnyA nahi. he nAtha ! mAruM zuM thaze? A te hatI addabhuta ane avirala vibhUti. emanA manamAM hatuM. navakAramaMtranuM smaraNa, emanA vadana para taravaratI hatI jagatanA sarva jIvo pratyenI premalAgaNI! maitrI bhAvanA! cerAsI lAkha jIvAnInA jIvAtmAo sAthe khamatakhAmaNAM ne apUrva AnaMda! kaDakaDatI ThaMDI paDatI hatI. piSa suda 6ne divasa hatuM, jagatamAM ghaNA jIvAtmAo Aje "abhidhAna rAjendra" mahAkaSanA praNetAne emanI eMsImI varasagAMThe yAda karI rahyA hatA. e ja janmane samaya hate. mehanakheDAnI puNyabhUmi para anazanadhArI adbhuta bhegInAM-avanI paranI virala vibhUtInAM darzana karavA mAnavamedanI pAra vagaranI umaTI hatI, 1ra.
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha sonAmAM para glAnInI lAgaNI prasarI gaI hatI, kAraNa Aje saunA uddhAraka sonI vaccethI saune mUkI mAge prayANa karI javAnA hatA ane ene kalAko nahi, ghaDI nahi phakta paLeAnI vAra hatI. 170 ane eka punya paLe pU. gurudevanA jIvana-dIpa bujhAI gayA. jIvana-dIpa mujhAI gayA paraMtu emaNe pragaTAvelA jJAnadIpaka hajI prakAze che--Aje pacAsa varasethI. A dvIpakamAM tela na khUTe e mATe ApaNI pharaja zuM? emanA chellA aMtima upadezanuM sapUrNa pAlana karavuM e che ApaNI pharaja-dharma zu? e che vibhUtinA aMtima upadeza. satya, ahiMsA, samabhAva ane prema e zAMtinA staMbha che. vItarAga paramAtmAmAM ane emaNe bhAkhelA dharmamAM zraddhA rAkhI e pramANe vartavuM e sAcA ane zAzvata dharma che. Aje A virala vibhUtinI ardha zatAbdi ujavAya che te A avasare ApaNe batAvelA sAcA ane zAzvata dharmanuM pAlana karavAnA nirdhAra karIe te ja ApaNe emanA jaina dharmanA sAcA upAsaka chIe.
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________________ zAsanaprabhAvaka zrI rAjendrasUri pUnamacaMda nAgaralAla dezI, DIsA tAlukA skUla heDamAsTara. prabha! gajaba thaye! mahotsava nimitte Ubhe karela meruparvata pAyAmAMthI tUTI paDyo che, zuM vAta kahuM? bicArA bhAvika zrAvake daTAI gayA che!" hAMphaLAphAMphaLe eka AdheDa vayane zrAvaka belI UDyo. 80 phUTa UMce maMDapa ane ekalI mATIne banAvela e meru ! kharekhara gAmanAM ja kamabhAgya! nahitara AvA maMgaLa prasaMge AvuM vizva hoya ? bApajI ! muhUta mAM ja A apazukana na kahevAya?" bIjAe TApazI pUratAM kahyuM. bhAIo! zAMta thAo, mArA dhyAnanA baLe huM kahI zakuM chuM ke e maMDapa nIce daTAelI badhI vyaktio sahIsalAmata raheze. jAo temane bahAra kADhavAmAM madada kare." gurudeva dhyAna pUrNa thatAM belI UThyA. baMne jaNa gurudevanA AzIrvAda zire caDhAvI devatA maMdire gayA ne kATamALa khaseDavAnA kAryamAM madada karavA lAgyA. jota-jotAmAM nIce daTAelI pAMca vyaktio navakAra maMtranA jApa karatAM bahAra nIkaLI. navAInI vAta che ke pAMcaso maNa jeTalA bejA nIce daTAyA chatAM aNIzuddha sAjAtAjA nIkaLyA. gAmamAM vAyuvege samAcAra prasaryA. gurudevanA jayadevani sAthe jainazAsanane prabhAva vadhu vistIrNa thaye. A banAva saMvata 158 nI sAlamAM ziyANa(mAravADa)mAM aMjanazalAkAnI vidhi karatAM banya. vidhinitA hatA ApaNu gurudeva zrI rAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja ! saMvata 1883 nA piSa saptamI e puNyazALI puruSanI janmajayaMti Aje varasethI dhArmika tahevAra tarIke jaina, jainetara aneka anugAmIo ujavatA AvyA che. rAjaputAnAnA bharatapura nagaranA mAnanIya zreSTivarya SabhadAsajInA bIjA putra ratnarAja, suzIlA dharmaniSa kezarabAI temanAM mAtAjI. mAtApitAnA sudharmamaya saMskAranuM pAna karatAM temanI bAla lIlA ja batAvI rahI hatI ke A ratnarAja keI aneruM ratna ja banI samAjamAM jhaLakI UThaze ane banyuM paNa tema ja- saMsAra pratye janmathI ja udAsInatA chavAI rahI hatI. eTale aneka zrejhikanyAonAM mAgAM temaNe nakAryA hatAM. saMsAranI vicitratAnA aneka sabaLa pUrAvAo batAvI sAmAvALAone paNa dharma mArge cAlavA AkarSA.
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________________ 172 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha jagatamAM prANImAtrane anubhava thAya che tema kALa pitAnuM kArya karyuM jAya che. mAtapitAnI sevA kudaratane khUcI hoya ke pachI temanA hAthe samAjanI kaI mahAna sevA sarjAI hoya, ane te mATe mArga mokaLo karavAnI vidhine jarUra hoya tema devI saMketAnu sAra mAtApitA cheDA ja kALanA aMtaramAM eka pachI eka svargavAsI thayAM. have te ranarAjanuM ekaja kArya hatuM-phakta dharmArAdhanA, chatAM sAMsArika bhAIne dilane AghAta na rujhAya tyAM lagI sAthe rahevuM ja sAruM ema mAnI rajereja saMsAraasAratAnI vAtethI vaDIla baMdhu pAsethI theDA ja kALamAM AjJA meLavI lIdhI. te samaye "zrIpUjya' zAsananA agrastaMbha gaNutA hatA. bharatapuramAM padhArela pramehasUrIzvarajI mahArAja sAthe cAlI nIkaLyA. temaNe hemavijyajI pAse bhAgavatI dIkSA apAvI! baDI dIkSA apAvI ane ratnavijaya paMnyAsa nAme vicAravA lAgyA. devendrasUrijInA kahevAthI zrI dharaNendrasUrinA sAthe teo pharavA lAgyA. dharmabhAvanA ne satyajJAna jeNe anubhavyuM che temane game temanI kaThera vANI ke aghaTita valaNa keI kALe gamatAM nathI. pachI bhale te gacchane nAyaka hoya ke eka sAmAnya yati haya, temAM vaLI kaI kaI prasaMge mAnavInA bolAyelA bela samasta jIvanane na jheka ApI navA ja raste vALI de che. ratnavijaya paMnyAsajInA jIvanamAM paNa AvI ja eka aNamela paLa AvI gaI. ghANerAvanA saMvata 1923 nA cAturmAsamAM AcAryadevanI attara kharIdI pratye tIvra virodha darzAvatAM zrI dharaNendrasUrie kahyuM ke zakti hoya te tuM paNa alaga zrIpUjya banI cAlyA jA. mArA Azare zA mATe paDyo che?" A zabda navayuvAna bAlabrahmacArI yati ratnavijayajI sAMkhe? kudarata paNa A mahAna paLanI rAha joI rahI hatI. yatijIvanane bhUlI jaI vilAsa tarapha DhaLelA zrIpUjya Aje maLelI sAdhuvezabhUSAne eba lagADI rahyA hatA. temanAM aMta:cakSu khalI samAjane punaH keI navA raste deravAnI jarUra hatI. eTale "bhAvatuM hatuM ane vaide kahyuM" nI jema pitAnA gurudeva zrI pradasUrIzvarajIe caturvidha saMghanA sAnidhye AcAryapadathI vibhUSita karyA ane zrI rAjendrasUrijI nAme zrIpUjya prasiddha thayA. yativargamAM rahelI zithilatA dUra karavA tanatoDa prayAsa karyA; sAdhujIvananI prAcInatAnA AdhAre samAcArI racI te zrIpUjya tathA yatisamAje hoMzabhara svIkArI, ane jagatanA bhavya prANInA uddhAra mATe pharavA lAgyA, paraMtu UMDe UMDe parigrahavata temane DaMkhI rahyuM. "zrIpUjya." rAjazAhI vaibhava, chatra, cAmara, chaDI, Adi sAthe rAkhe che ane tene jhaDapathI tyAga karI mahAvIra zAsananA paMcamahAvratadhArI pravrajyAne dhAraNa karI jIvana sArthaka karavAnI suavasaranI rAha jovA lAgyA.
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________________ zAsanaprabhAvaka zrI rAjendrasUri dharma kriyAkAMDanI zithilatAmAM paNa krioddhAra karyo, judAM judAM zAstronA AdhAre carcA-vivAdane aMte zAstrIya tristutika siddhAnta samajAvyA. gurudevazrIe aneka suprasiddha saMskRta graMtha lakhyA che jenI saMkhyA lagabhaga ekasaThanI che temAM jagaprasiddha zrI abhidhAnarAjendrakeza mahAmUlyavAna khajAnArUpa che. hiMda bahAranA aneka sAhityasevaka, vaijJAnika ane kavie jene Aje upaga karI jagatamAM prasiddha banI rahyA che, jemAM eka eka zabda para vistArapUrvaka carcA-vyutpatti Adi banAvI pAnAMnAM pAnAM bharI upayogI neMdha lakhI che. gurudevanuM jIvana aneka camatkArika vAtethI zAsanaprabhAvaka tarIke pUruM thayuM che. jagatanA aneka jIvone temaNe rAha darzAvyA che, temanA anuyAyIo Aje varasa pachI paNa gurudevanA jIvanane udAharaNarUpa mAnI temAMthI raja paNa potAnA AtmAne lagADI dhanya mAne che. AvA mahAna sUripuMgava zrI rAjendrasUrijIne nata mastake koDevAra vaMdana karatAM AtmA AnaMda anubhave che. pite jIvI gayA che, jItI gayA che, bIjAne saraLa mArgonI saraNI ApI gayA che. dara varase temanI janmajayaMti ujavatAM temanA mahAna guNene eka aMza paNa ApaNA kALA kALajAmAM prajavalita thAya te ApaNe uddhAra thaI jAya. puNyazleka puruSane zatakoTI vaMdana ...
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________________ sAhitya kSetre zrI rAjendrasUrIzvarajI matalAla maMchAcaMda saMghavI-tharAda (uttara gujarAta) (1) jyAre jyAre prajAnA jIvanamAMthI prANa UDI jaI prajA nicetana banI jAya che ane jyAre tene sAce ja ema lAge che ke pote ghora aMdhakAramAM DubatI jAya che tyAre tyAre tene punarjIvana athavA navIna prakAza meLavavA mATe potAnI prAcIna vibhUtio arthAt asta pAmI gayela chatAM jIvatAjAgatA pUrva mahApuruSanI jhagamagatI jIvanatinuM darzana karavAnI utkaMThA thAya che. (2) mahApuruSonI jIvana-tanA pravAha sarvatagAmI hoI tenuM saMpUrNa darzana vivekapurassara karavAnuM ApaNu jevA sAdhAraNa keTInA dareka manuSya mATe zakya nathI hatuM. eTale e tanuM AchuM AchuM ya darzana ApaNu sone thAya ane ApaNA sImAM navesarathI navacetana pragaTe e uddezathI ApaNA saunI vacamAM vasatA prANavaMtA prajJAzALI mahApuruSe aneka upAye je che. (3) ApaNu mahApuruSoe samyagajJAna, samyagadarzana, samyakyAritranI prApti mATe AjasudhImAM tIthIo, pa, kalyANaka mahotsava vigere jevA aneka prasaMge upadezyApravartAvyA che. e ja mahApuruSanuM anusaraNa karI AjanA yugamAM jayaMti, zatAbdI, jAhera vyAkhyAna, Adi jevA aneka zubha prasaMge UbhA karavAmAM Ave che ! jethI prajA jIvanamAMthI osarI gayelA bAhya ane AtyaMtarajJAnAdi guNenI krame krame prApti temaja vRddhi thAya. (4) A varSe ApaNI samakSa vizvavikhyAta mahApuruSa jagaduvaMdanIya prabhu zrImad vijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajInI ardha zatAbdine prasaMge upasthita thayela che. je aDagapaNe e mahApuruSane punita pagale cAlanAra ane emanA ja AjJAdhArI, prabhAvazALI AcArya zrImad vijayayatIndrasUrIzvarajInI apUrva bhakti ane preraNAne pariNAme janme che. (5) je mahApuruSanI ardha zatAbdi ujavavAnI che temane lakSIne temanA smAraka graMthamAM kaMI lakhavAnI IcchA thAya te svAbhAvika che, paraMtu je mahApuruSane ApaNe najare nihALyA na hoya athavA je mahApuruSane najare jovAnuM sadbhAgya ApaNane prApta thayuM na hoya temanA saMbaMdhamAM kaMI paNa lakhavA pravRtti karavI e eka draSTie kRtrimatA gaNAya tema chatAM bIjI draSTie vicAra karatAM lAge che ke mahApuruSo sthULa dehe bhale phAnI duniyAne tyAga karI gayA hoya te chatAM teo sUma dehe kaho athavA akSara ( 7 )
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________________ sAhitya kSetre zrI rAjendrasUrIzvarajI 27 dehe kaho, sadAya A jagatamAM jIvatAjAgatA ja hoya che. eTale ApaNe e mahApuruSane temanA akSaradeha uparathI oLakhavA prayatna karIe te kRtrimatA nahi gaNAya. (6) svargavAsI gurudeve potAnA jIvanamAM je anekAneka satkAryo karyA che. temAM gurudevanI graMtharacanAne paNa samAveza thaI jAya che. teozrInI graMtharacanA pratipAdaka zailInI temaja khaMDana-maMDanAtmaka ema banne prakAranI che. e graMthane sUkSama rIte abhyAsa karanAra saheje samajI zake tema che ke, e graMthanI racanA karanAra mahApuruSa kevA bahuzruta temaja tatvaveSaka draSTie keTalA vizALa ane UMDA abhyAsI hatA. vastunI vivecanA karavAmAM teozrI keTalA gaMbhIra hatA. temaja khAsa mahatvanA sArabhUta padArthone vibhAgavAra saMgreDa karavAmAM temane keTaluM prakhara pAMDitya varyuM hatuM. (7) gurudevanI graMtharacanAmAM saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza bhASAnA 61 graMtha che. te badhAya graMthamAM sarvazreSTha graMtha zrI abhidhAna rAjendra kezanI sAta bhAgamAM racanA karIne gurudeve duniyAnI je ajoDa sevA karI che tenI joDa maLavI bahu ja muzkela che. e keSanA sAte bhAga duniyAnA tamAma dezonA jJAnabhaMDAra-(lAyabreriye)mAM ucca bhAve rAkhavAmAM Avela che. gurudeve racelA dareka graMtha janakalyANa arthe racelA hoI tenA abhyAsa ane avakana dvArA dareka manuSya jaina dharma temaja Itara dharmanAM tana ane tenA sArAsArapaNAne raheje samajI zake. (8) svargavAsI gurudeve racelA mukhya graMthamAM je saMkhyAbaMdha Agama ane zAnI vicAraNAo bharelI che. e dvArA teozrInA bahuzratapaNAnI temaja vijJAna ane UMDA AlocananI ApaNane khAtrI maLI jAya che, tema chatAM ApaNane teozrInA gaMbhIra vijJAnanI vizeSa jhAMkhI thaI jAya che. (9) mAravADa (rAjasthAna), mALavA (madhya-bhArata), gujarAta dezomAM Aje sthAna-sthAnamAM svargavAsI gurudevanA vasAvelA vizALa jJAnabhaMDAro che. e bhaMDAromAM sArA sArA graMthane saMgraha karavA gurudeve athAga prayatna karyo che. svargavAsI gurudeve pitAnA vihAra daramyAna gAma gAmanA jJAnabhaMDAronI bArIkAIthI tapAsa karatAM jyAMthI je graMtha maLI AvyA tyAMthI te te graMthe janakalyANa arthe saMgraha karAvyAM che. gurudevanA bhaMDAronI Aje barAbara bArIkAIthI tapAsa karavAmAM Ave te ApaNane temAMthI keTalIya apUrvatA jovA maLI zake. (10) jagata upara jyAre jaina dharmanI pravRtti maMdamaMda gatie cAlI rahI hatI. jaine jyAre ajJAnatArUpI aMdhakAramAM DUbI rahyA hatA ane temAM mArI janmabhUmi (tharAda) u. gu. pradeza duniyAnI sAMkaLamAMthI chUTe paDI eka khUNe ajJAnatAmAM saDI rahyo hatuM, jyAre tyAM jaina sAdhuonAM darzana paNa asaMbhavita hatAM tevA pradezamAM ugra vihAra
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________________ 276 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha karI, athAga parizrama uThAvI gurudeve prajAne je pratibodha karyo che te kaLIyugamAM kApavRkSa phaLyA samAna che. tenA phaLarUpe AjanI prajA keTalI susaMskArI ane sukhI dekhAya che te te jUnA jamAnAnA jenAra-jANanAra tenI tulanA karI kiMmata AMkI zake. (11) aMtamAM huM eTaluM ja kahI zakuM ke jyAre jyAre prajAmAM dhArmika temaja maitika nicetanA pragaTe che tyAre tyAre tenAmAM prANa pUravA mATe ekAda avatArI puruSa janma dhAraNa kare che. tema svargavAsI gurudeve avatAra dhAraNa karI janasamAjamAM aneka rIte prANa pUryA che. je jamAnAmAM teozrIe mAravADa, madhyabhAratanI dharA upara paga mUke tyAre jaina sAdhuonI saMkhyA ati apa hatI, temAM zAstra gaNyA gAMThyA hatA. deza-videzamAM jaina sAdhuone pracAra ati virala hatuM, tevA samaye gurudeve jainadharmano je pracAra karyo che te temanI tejasvI pratibhAne AbhArI che. ane teja pratibhAne teje Aje jagata samakSa jainasamAja pitAnuM gauravavaMtuM sthAna sAcavI rahyuM che. e svargavAsI parama pavitra gurudevanA agamya tejane pratApe ApaNe sau vartamAna yugane anurUpa dharmasevA, sAhityasevA ane janasevA karavAnuM baLa meLavIe e ja abhyarthanA.
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________________ e AtmavIranA nAma para........? zrImadvijayayatIndrasUriziSya muni saubhAgyavijaya. A duniyAmAM kaI paNa vyakti game te jJAtine hoya paraMtu te pitAnA uddezyAne duniyA samakSa mUkI tene pracAra karavA tatpara rahe che, tevI ja rIte keI paNa saMsthA athavA vidyAlaya pitAnA uddezya laIne e uddezyanI pUrti karavA mATe potAnuM saMcAlana zarU kare che. sUrya Uge che ane asta paNa thAya che! je caDe che te ja paDe che? eka samaya jene leke premathI belAve che tene ja bIjI paLe kaTAkSabharI daSTithI dekhe che. e niyama pramANe keTalIya saMsthAo ane vidyAlayanuM A bhUmipaTa para nirmANa thayuM ane keTalAyanuM nAma mAtra astitva ja rahI gayuM enuM mukhya kAraNa Arthika samasyAnI apUrti ane uddezyanI athaDAmaNa? zikSaNa saMsthAo dvArA ja siddhAntane pracAra ane saMskRtine saMcAra sahelAIthI thaI zake che. eTalA mATe ja vidyAlaya, beDIMganI sthApanA thaI rahI che, karavAmAM Ave che. ane e vidyAlaye dvArA ja ajJAna, abodha bALakone dhArmika, vyavahArika jJAna apAya che, siddhAntonI sIDI para pahoMcADAya che. bhaviSyamAM te bALake ja samAjanA vaphAdAra sainika bane che. jIvanane sanmArgAnusAra vyatIta samAjasevA mATe tatpara rahe che. vidyAlayamAMthI sajJAnI banela bALaka, dezanA nAgarika bane che, samAjanA vaphAdAra sinika bane che, samAja ane rASTravRtinI jhaMkhanA karatA karatA pitAnuM sarvasvArpaNa karI de che, samaya Avye balidAna ApavA khaDe page taiyAra rahe che, kemake temane saMskRtinuM jJAna che, kartavyanuM bhAna che, siddhAntanI zAna che. manuSyonA eka samUhane maMDaLa athavA sabhA kahe che. e maMDaLo dvArA samAjanI paristhitine vyavasthita banAvavAmAM Ave che. e ja maMDaLo samAjasevA mATe potAnA amUlya samayane bhega ApI samAjanI duSpavRtti ane rUDhIvAdanuM unmelana-ucchedana karavA taiyAra rahe che. prakhara pratApI parama jJAnI zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAjanuM nAma A pRthvIpaTa para yAvacaMdradivAkarI sudhI amara raheze ! pU. gurudevazrInI pratyeka jIvanaghaTanA sAhasa yukta che. je sAhasahIna vyaktione sAhasI banavAnI satata preraNA Ape che. temaNe ja satyAsatyanuM digdarzana karAvyuM, prabhu mahAvIrane sasaMdeza khUNe khUNe
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pratha pahoMcADyo! samAjane zithilatAnA majabUta pAzamAMthI mukta karavA aneka kaSTo sahana karyA, mAnApamAnane vidrohIone potAnA agAdha jJAnane baLe pAchA haThAvyA. temanA agAdha jJAnasAgaranI smRtirUpa amArA sAme teozrInA sAhitya-zaNagAra samAna IkasaTha (61) grantha che. sva. gurudevazrInI aMtima ghaDI sudhI eka ja IcchA rahI che ke samAjamAM rahelI rUDhIone dUra karavI ! ajJAnAvaraNa je samAja upara chavAyuM che tene sAhityasaMkalana ane zikSaNa saMsthAo dvArA dUra karavuM. - pU. gurudevanI A IcchAne teozrInA sugya vidvAna ziSyae pUrI karavA prayatna karyo che. jyAM sudhI thaI zake tyAM sudhI, sAhitya-saMkalana, jJAnaprathAra, maMDaLa sthApanA, pAThazALA, gurukula AdinI sthApanA karI che ane haju paNa karI rahyA che. Aja ame ahiM zikSAlaya ane maMDaLanI yAda apAvIzuM ke je paramakRpALu gurudevazrInI puNyasmRtinA pratIkarUpa banela che ane vartamAnamAM paNa je samAjasevA karI rahela che. zrI rAjendrodaya yuvaka maMDaLa, jAvarA (madhyabhArata) sana 1905 mAM paramapUjya gurudevazrInI smRtimAM vyA, vA. muni pravara zrI yatIndravijayajI (vartamAna AcArya zrI vijayayatIndrasUrijI) mahArAjanA varada haste raMga mahAsabhA nA nAmathI uparokta saMsthAnI sthApanA karavAmAM AvI hatI. be varSa vyatIta thaye bahu matathI "zrI rAjendrodaya yuvaka maMDaLa" nAma kAyama karyuM hatuM je Aja sudhI avirala gatithI pitAnI kArya-praNAlIne barAbara calAvI rahela che. vartamAnamAM 40 sabhyo e maMDaLamAM pitAne sahakAra ApI rahyA che. je tana, mana, dhana samarpIne samAjasevA mATe taiyAra rahe che. te maMDaLanA kAryakartA keTalA utsAhI che tenuM pramANa ApaNA sAme ja che. paramapUjya sva. gurudeva zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAjanA nirvANa pachI gurudevazrInI smRtimAM e maMDaLa dvArA eka mAsika patrikA saddharmapracAraka" zarU karavAmAM Avela paraMtu Arthika samasyAnA kAraNe te cheDA samayamAM ja baMdha thaI gaI maMDaLanA niyamanuM pAlana sabhya maMDaLa Aja sudhI karI rahela che te dekhI ghaNe ja harSa thayA. kula niyama 25 che paraMtu keTalAka niyama ahiM uddhata karavAmAM Ave che- 2 maMDala ke samaya meM membara sAhiba va sahAyaka Adi mahAzayoM ko maMDala meM baiTha kara dhArmika vicAroM yA apane sudhAre kI bAtoM ke alAvA dUsarI vyartha bAteM nahIM karanA hoNgii| 5 apane dharma kI unnati karanA, jAti sudhAra karanA, aikyatA bar3hAnA, pAThazAlA,
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________________ e AtmavIranA nAma para 272 kanyAzAlA Adi kholanA aura mandiroM kI AzAtanA miTAnA yahI isa maMDala kA khAsa kartavya samajhanA caahiye| 10 maMDala meM baiTha kara naM0 5 meM batalAI huI bAtoM para jo koI vicAra va salAha kI jAya vaha binA bUre alphAja aura binA gustAkhI ke zAntatA se karanA hogI, agara kisI bAta kI salAha meM saba membaroM kI eka rAha na hogI to bahumata se maMjUra kiyA jAyagA. aura saba ko bahumata se kI huI bAta ko mAnanA pdd'egii| 15 uparokta niyamoM kI pAbandI hara eka membara, sahAyaka va anya mahAzayoM ko tana, mana se pAlana karanA lAjima hogA / phakta paradeza yAtrA aura jarUrI kAraNa kI vajaha se mAphI hai para kAraNa mile bAda hI pAlana hogaa| uparyukta niyamothI pAThaka sahaja anumAna lagAvI zake che ke e maMDaLanI samAjasevA kevI haze? naM. 5 mAnA niyamAnusAra maMDaLanI dekharekha nIce eka "zrI rAjendra jaina pAThazALAnuM saMcAlana sucAru rUpathI thaI rahyuM che. pU. gurudevazrInA hAthathI ja e pAThazALAnI sthApanA sana 1905 mAM thaI hatI. tenI sthApanA thaye 50 varSa pUrAM thatAM saMvata 2012 zrAvaNa vadi 12 nA divase ardhazatAbdI mahotsava manAvavAmAM Avela che. pAThazALAnI vartamAna paristhiti sArI che, lagabhaga 50 thI 60 vidyArthI vidyArthInIo dhArmika jJAnaprAptimAM mazagUla che. vidyArthInI vidyAnI kaTI mATe muMbaI, ejyukezana borDanI parIkSAo apAvAya che. ane sAthesAtha dara varSe saMvatsarI (bhAdravA sudi 4) nA divase pAThazALAnA kAryakartA svayaM parIkSA laI temanA taraphathI bALakane uttejanAthe pAriteSika ApavAmAM Ave che. dine dina pragatizIla A pAThazALA majabUta bane eja. zrI rAjendra jaina vidyAlaya, AhAra, ( rAjasthAna) - rAjasthAna prAntAntargata AhAra nAmaka eka nagara che. jene mATe kahevata che ke yu. pI. mAM lAhora ane mAravADamAM Ahera ! jyAM jainonA kula 600 ghara che. jemAM 450 ghara sanAtana tristutika mArgAnuyAyI che. saMvat 1975 mAM sva. zrImadupAdhyAya zrI mehanavijayajI ma. ane vartamAnAcAryazrInA sadupadezathI Ahara tristutika saMghanA taraphathI uparokta pAThazALAnI sthApanA bALakane jJAne pAsanA mATe karavAmAM AvI hatI, je Aja paryata dinapratidina pragati karatI AvI ane unnati patha para jaI rahI che. pAThazALAmAM vartamAnamAM vidyAdhyayanAthe kula vidyArthI 150 lagabhaga Ave che, temane dhArmika zikSaNanI sAthe hindI ane IMglIza vyavahArika zikSaNa paNa ApavAmAM Ave che. kAryakartA utsAhathI kAma kare che.
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka - pratha 80 zrI rAjendra sUryAbhyudayAvalI, ratalAma, * zrI abhidhAna rAjendra pracAraka saMsthA nA adhikAramAM ja saM0 1964 mAM uparokta saMsthAnI sthApanA munirAja zrIyatIndravijayajI( va mAnAcArya devazrI )nI zubha preraNAthI thayela hatI. e saMsthAnA uddezya hatA sAhitya pracAra ane ghara ghara jaina siddhAntanA saMcAra karavA. e niyama pramANe e saMsthA taraphathI kula 31 puSpA chapAyA hatA, jemAM AgamasAra, bhAvanAsvarUpa, guNuDANAdvArA Adi dhArmika, nAkoDA pArzvanAtha Adi aitihAsika,jinaguNuma jUSA 4 bhAga, pUjAmahedadhi Adi bhaktimaya ane jIvanaprabhAdi caritra grantha mukhya che, jemAM keTalA vartamAnamAM aprApya che. zrI rAjendra jaina graMthamALA, A saMsthAnI sthApanA saM0 1978 mAM ja zrImadyatIndravijayajI (vamAnAcArya zrI)nI preraNAthI thai hatI, te saMsthAnA paNu sAhityapracAra mukhya uddezya hatA. te saMsthA taraphathI kula 32 puSpa chapAyA jemAM karmabAdhaprabhAkara, ekasesa ATha khelakA thAkaDA, adhyayacatuSyAdi saiddhAntika, guNAnurAgakulakAdi aupadezika, pItapaTAgrahamImAMsA, naiSi paTaniyAdi carcAtmaka, zrI yatIndvavihArAdaza, zrI yatIndravihAradigdarzana pra0 bhA. Adi aitihAsika ane zrImAhanajIvanAda, saMkSipta jIvanacaritra Adi caritrAtmaka grantha mukhya che. je hamaNAM maLatA nathI. zrI rAjendra pravacana kAryAlaya, khuDAlA ( rAjasthAna ) jo saMsArI AtmAe peAtAnuM kalyANa icchatA hAya tA te mArge javA mATe uttama sAhitya vAMcavuM joie. kemake paDha grantha nitya viveka ke, mana svaccha terA hoyagA / vairAgya ke paDha grantha tU, bahu janma ke agha dhoyagA // paDha grantha sAdara bhakti se, Ananda mana bhara jAyagA / zraddhA sahita svAdhyAya kara, saMsAra se tira jAyagA // marudhara bhUmi vizeSa karIne jJAnamAM pAchaLa rahela hatI, A mATe sa. 1986 kArtika sudi 5 jJAnapa'camInA divase rAjasthAnAntagata khuDAlA(peAsTa, sTezana phAlanA)mAM zrImadvijayayatIndrasUrIzvarajI mahArAjanA sadupadezathI taMtra nivAsI dharmapremI sajjana nihAlacaMdrajI phAjamalajInI dekharekha nIce uparyukta saMsthAnuM saMcAlana zarU karyuM... hatuM. tenA mukhya uddezya che dhArmika, aitihAsika ane aupadezika graMtha jamAnAne dekhIne prakAzita karavA. dharmasiddhAntAne pracAra jhusaMskRta sAhitya prakAzita karI jhujha kiMmatamAM vaheMcavI, je AjaparyaMta pAtAnA siddhAnta pramANe 26 varSathI samAjasevA karI rahela che.
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________________ e AtmavIranA nAma para vizvamAM eja jAti, samAja ke rASTra jIvita rahI zake che jenuM sAhitya samRddha che. jenI saMskRti jIvita che, jemAM moTA moTA vidvAne mojuda che. basa, A paristhitine anulakSIne ja keTalIye saMsthAonI sthApanA karavAmAM Ave che. uparokta saMsthA kAryAlaya taraphathI zrI rAjendra pravacana kAryAlaya sirijhanA Aja taka 42 puche chapAyA che, jemAM dhArmika, kalpasUtrArthaprabaMdhinI, zrI kalpasUtrArtha bAlAvabedha, paMcasaptatizatasthAnaka catuSpadI Adi, aupadezika zrI yatIndra pravacana prathama, dvitIya bhAga Adi, aitihAsika zrI keraTAjI tIrtha ItihAsa, zrI yatIndra vihAra digdarzana 2-3-4 bhAga, merI mAyAtrA, merI geDavADyAtrA Adi, caritrAtmaka zrImadrAjendrasUri, zrImadda bhUpendrasUri, zrI maghatIndrasUri Adi graMthanuM prakAzana thayela che. kAryAlaya aMtargata eka zrI yatIndrasUri sAhityamAlA cAlI rahI che. tenA paNa Aja sudhI 31 puSpa chapAI gayA che. samAjane sahaga, pAThakenI vizeSa sAhitya mAMgaNIthI jarUra A saMsthA unnata banaze. zrI rAjendra jaina pAThazALA, mandasaura (madhyabhArata) madhyabhAratIya sImA para mandasaura nAmaka eka zahera che, jemAM daza purA (mahollA) hevAthI prAcIna nAma dazapura paNa che, dazapurA paikI janakupurAmAM zrI rAjendra jona vilAsa nAmaka baDI vizALa dharmazALAmAM tatrasthita sanAtana tristutika saMghanA taraphathI uparokta saMsthAnI sthApanA karavAmAM AvI che. kAryakartAgaNa utsAhI hovAthI saMcAlana sucAru rUpathI calAvI rahyA che. lagabhaga 60 vidyAbhyAsI bAlaka bAlikA vidyAdhyayanane lAbha laI rahyA che. Ama keTalIye saMsthAo pU. gurudevazrInI smRtimAM sthApita karavAmAM AvI che paraMtu lekha vadhI javAnA bhayathI temane vizeSa vistAra na karatAM phakta nAma mAtrathI ja saMketa karI viramuM chuM. - zrI rAjendra jaina pAThazALA, TAMDA. zrI rAjendra jaina pAThazALA, khAcareda. zrI rAjendra jaina vidyAlaya, siyANa. zrI rAjendra jaina pAThazALA, dhudhaDakA. zrI rAjendra jaina sevA samAja, tharAda Adi. 666666
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________________ // aham // zrIabhidhAnarAjendrakoSasya nirmANakAraNam zAntasvabhAvI zrImadupAdhyAyavarya zrIzrI mohanavijayajI mahArAja zrIvardhamAnajinagautamasatsudharma sUtrANyupAsya tadupodvalitaiH svavAkyaijambUmunIndrajagadarcitabhadrabAhoH / rAkhyAnakaizca vitatairnijadezanAbhiyo vardhito nijakRpodakasecanAbhi yo janasaMghamakhilaM kRpayohadhAra, dharmadruto nikhiladharmatarupradhAnaH // 1 // sUriH sa vai vijayate sma pavitrakIrtiH // 7 // kAle gate bahutithe'tha viluNThitaM taM, itthaM sa jainAgamamatraloke, mUlArthaviplavanasAhasamAzrayadbhiH / samyag vyavasthApya na saMtutoSa / mithyAtvibhi punarapIha samuddidhIrSuH, kAlakameNAsya punarvinAzasUrIzvaro bhuvi dayodadhirAvirAsIt // 2 // mAzaMkamAno vijitAnyamAnaH // 8 // kAmA''divairinivahonmathanAtsuhRSTaH, tato'bhyagAt ziSyagaNaiH suvijJaiHbAhyA''ntarobhayavicitracaritradRSTaH / vRto vihAreNa marusthalaM tu| kAruNyapUrNarasapUritabhavyapuNya uvAsa kAlaM ciramAtmatattvaM, nIrAbdhisaMgatasudhonmathane samarthaH // 3 // tAn bodhayan dharmazira 4 pratiSTham // 9 // ceto'ndhakAroddharaNe virocano, athaikadA saMsadi sanniviSTo, rAjendrasUrivibudhArcitAdhikaH / nijA''ptaziSyA''divibhUSitAyAm / saMghopakartA na ca ko'pi tAdRzaH, saGghopakaNThaM ca nijAbhilASaM, pUNyaikamartivikaughabodhadaH vyajijJapat sUrivara kRpAluH // 10 // nijamatacyutijainamatagrahA jaimA''gamAnAM nijayuktiyogAt, nyataramAhavabhaMgapaNaM dizan / saMyoktumekatra navInarItyA / vitatavAdakathAsamare parAn, kozaM vidhitsAmi jinendrabhASAvyajayatA'jayatAM prathayannijAm // 5 // mayaM na lupyeta yata 4 kadAcit / / 11 // atha vijitya dizo daza ziSyatAM, zrutvA punastamupadezavaraM prahRSTAgatavataH karuNAvaruNA''layaH / mUrnA'grahISata guroranuzAsanaM tat / munigaNAn navavAdaraNAMgaNe, saMgRhya dravyamatulaM ca tato'bhidhAnanijadhiyA'jadhiyA samayojayat // 6 // rAjendrakozamamalaM niramAparyaMste // 12 // // iti zubham bhavatu // (29)
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________________ abhipraay| ["zrIabhidhAnarAjendra koSa' kI mahattA evaM upayogitA vaise jagavizruta hai / vizva ke samasta deza, pradezoM ke darzana, itihAsa, purAtattva ke vidvAna isase bhalI vidha paricita hI nahIM, varan bhAratIya jaina vAGgamaya kI isako ve apane deza meM saMsthApita pratimA mAnate haiM / zrImad rAjendrasUrijI kI vyApaka prasiddhi kA abhI taka jo eka mAtra yaha kAraNa hai; ataH isa saMbaMdha kI dRSTi se koSa saMbaMdhI kucha to abhiprAya prastuta grantha meM sthAna prApta karane hI caahie| isa hetu kI purti meM kucha abhiprAya nimna avatarita kiye gaye haiN| -sampAdaka ] mantrI muni zrI mizrImallajI mahArAja dohA zrutasAgara maMthana kari, racyo bhavya hitakoSa, vibuddha vilokI citta meM, sarasa lahai saMtoSa // 1 // prAkRta athavA mAgadhI, jo ko zabda cahAya, ho to paDhalo hAtha le, milasI saMzaya nAhi // 2 // lakSa Asare, pAMcare saMkhyA zloka sujAna, gahana grantha rAjendra raca, jasa lIdo bhuvi Ana // 3 zabda suci sundara raci, jaci sahala hiya jAsa, paci parama yaha auSadhI, karata karmaruja nAsa // 4 // jhUlanA chanda dhana-bhUpa-yati-gururAja - pati mati svaccha ati kara mahanata ko, kSati gahana hati jina Agama meM gati zabda ke artha sulahanata ko / bhakti gaMga suraMga adRSTa hati, tina ke rasa ko gahanata ko, rAjendrasUri, dhanyavAda kati, kalikAla vicai citta cahanata ko // 11 dohA hosa sadA hiya meM bharaNa, karaNa jJAna saMtoSa / amidhAnarAjendra nita, kAvyarasika ! paDha koSa / / 5 / " rAja, dhana, bhala bhUpa, yativara ! grantha raca anamola yaha " " dhavala yaza lInA jagata meM kyA karUM varNana aha" SADha zuklA amAvAsyA, 2015 vaLI harSa pAmavA jevuM bIjuM e che ke bIje mahAna keSa ratalAsamAM chapAya che. zvetAmbara zrIyuta vijayarAjendrasUrijIe pitAnA jIvananA bAvIza varSa gALI amita 1 zrImaI dhanacandrasUrijI, bhUpendrasUrijI aura zrImad yatIndrasUrijI ke gururAja zrImad rAjendrasUriNI /
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________________ 284 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-preya parizrama laI prAkRta bhASAne "abhidhAnarAjendra" nAmane kaSa taiyAra karyo hato. jyAM te chapAvavAne prabaMdha cAlI rahyo hato, tyAM ukta sUrijI mahArAja kALazaraNa thayA. have temanA anuyAyIoe ratalAmamAM eka jaina presa khelI ukta graMthane chapAvavAne prAraMbha karI dIdhuM che. graMtha ghaNuM maTe che. prathamathI grAhaka thanArane rUpiyA se ane pachIthI grAhaka thanArane 155) rUpiyAthI te graMtha maLI zakaze. A keSa prAyaH zvetAmbara saMpradAya prayukta zabdone thaze. tethI samartha vidvAnoe A graMthane apUrva vastu samajI tenA grAhaka thavuM joIye. zrImAna zeThiyAoe A sAhasane pUrNa uttejana ApavA te keSanI nakale kharIdI pAThazALA, lAyabrerI ane beDi ga-skUlene bheTa ApavI joIe. jaina dharma vidyA prasAraka varga-pAlItANuM AnaMda (mAsika patra) 50 6, aMka 2, saM. 1964, pR. 43-44. zrI rAjendrasUrie "abhidhAnarAjendra keva" taiyAra karavAmAM bahu prayAsa karyo che. keIpaNa zabdanA artha vigere jANavA mATe te bahu upayogI che, enI joDane bIje keSa nathI. ANaMdajI kuMvarajIbhAvanagara jaina dharma prakAza putra 50, aMka 4 ASADha saM. 1990. abhidhAnarAjendra keSa" nAmane saMgraha graMthe tenA lagabhaga AThasethI hajAra pAnAvALuM eka ema sAta velyu mudrita thayAM, temAM akArAdi varNanukrame prAkRta zabda, tene saMskRta zabda, vyutpatti, liMga ane artha je pramANe nAgamamAM maLe che, te pramANe tema ja anya graMthamAM Ave che. te pramANe te darekanA utArA TAMkI A kezane bane teTale prAmANika-pramANu sahita karavA mahAbhArata prayatna karavAmAM AvyuM che. jenAgamano e keIpaNa viSaya nathI ke je A mahAkeSamAM na AvyuM hoya. -jaina sAhityano itihAsa, vi. 7, pra. 6, pR. 683. abhidhAna rAjendra" vizva kaSamAM pratyeka prAkRta zabdanI pAchaLa tenuM saMskRtarUpa, saMskRtamAM vivaraNa, mULa graMthamAM je sthaLe te AveluM che tene nirdeza ane anya graMthamAM je vividha arthomAM te vaparAyele tenI avataraNa sahita carcA karavAmAM Avela che. prastAvanAmAM zrI hemacaMdranuM prAkRta vyAkaraNa kartAnI ja karela TIkA sahita ApavAmAM Avela che. nAmanA rUpAkhyAna ApavAmAM jeTalA zakya teTalA rUpe ApavAmAM AvelA che. te sAhityamAM maLI Ave ke nahi. udAharaNArtha paMcamI eka vacanamAM "yuSpadanA
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________________ abhiprAya 50 rUpe ApavAmAM AvelA che, paraMtu ardhamAgadhI sAhityamAM A rUpamAMnuM kaI paNa bhAgye ja jovAmAM Ave che. A vizva keSamAM pratyeka viSayanA saMbaMdhamAM je kAMI mULa mAM tema ja TIkAomAM ApeluM che te saghaLAnuM samAveza karavAmAM Avela che. -24-2016 $121, 340 CHLO, 4201404Y2. sir George A. Grierson, K. C. I. E-The world-renowned English Orientalist: England. "......I must congratulate you on the fact that this magnificient work is nearing completion. It has been of great use to me in my studies of Jain Prakrit, and the only work with which I can compare it is Raja Radhakant Deb's famous Sanskrit Sabda-Kalpadruma " (when the last volume was in the press ) "The Encyclopaedia is of great value as a work of reference and also for the study of Jain Prakrit." Prof. Sylvain Levi-University of Paris : After 5 years of Abhidhan Rajendra's continuous perusal, I 640 affirm that no rcal Indologist can dispense with a copy of this wonderful work. In its special compass, it surpasses even that jewel of lexicography, the Petersburg Dictionary. Here we have not only a complete register of words warranted by references and quotations, but a full survey of thoughts, beliefs, legeads lying beyond the words. Whatever is the matter I happen to deal with. I begin with consulting my Rajendra and I never fail to get some useful information. Shall we ever have anything alike in the field of Brahmanism and Buddhism ? Prof. Siddheshwar Varma, M. A.-Professor of Sanskrit, Prince of Wales College, Jammu Kashmir ) "The Abhidhan Rajendra in my opinion is a colossal work which reflects credit on Indian industry and scholarship. A special feature of the work is the rich bibliographical material hitherto absolutely unknown to the world," 24
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrari-smAraka-graMtha ABHIDHANA RAJENDRA KOSA BY. His Holiness Sri. VIJAYA RAJENDRA SURIJI ( Size Royal 1/4; Pages. 10, 693 in 7 Volumes. Price Rs. 235/Publishers; JAIN SWETAMBER SAMASTA SANGHA. RATLAM CITY.) This is a Prakrit-Magadhi-Sanskrit Dictionary by Jainapravara Swetamber Acharya His Holiness Sri. 1008 Sri Bhattarak Vijaya Rajendrasuri who is the celebrated author of many works in Sanskrit on philosophy and religion. This unique dictionary deals in detail with the Sutras enunciated by the ancient & most revered Ganadharas, & their Vrittis, Bhagyas, Niryuktis, Curnis alongwith the history of the various Darsanas-Vedanta schools, Nyaya, Vaigesika & Mimamsa systems of thought in an elegant & Beautiful style. It has clarified many philosophical abstract terms in simple & lucid language. The lexicon contains among other things the biography of the renowned author & learned introduction which contains in an outline the grammer of the Prakrit language and a glossy of Prakrit words & phrases. It is ably edited by the eminent scholars namely His Holiness Sri. Bhupendrasuriji and Yatindra suriji and published by "Jain Swetambar Samasta Sangha " Ratlam City. The get-up and the print are beautiful and attractive. The celebrated & revered author of this monumental work namely His Holiness Sri Vijaya Rajendrasuri was born on the 3rd December 1827, at Bharatpur. Sri Vrishabhadasa & Srimati Kesarbai were his parents. He was given the name of Ratnaraja by his parents. He had a brother by name Manikyachand & a sister Premabai. He had great devotion towards his parents. When he was very young the cruel fate snatched away from him his parents. He visited countries like Ceylon, and cities like Calcutta with his brother in connection with his trade & Commerce. The pangs of separation of his parents at early age had their own influence on the mind of this young man; he developed an aversion towards the worldly affairs & embraced the ideals of asceticism & longed for Darsan & Association of YOGIS' who had renounced all that was earthly & conquered the sensual desires & cravings.
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________________ abhiprAya As the good luck would have it His Holiness Sri Pramodavijayasuriji a renowned Acharya came to the city of Bharatpur, Sri Acharya's discourses on pbilosopby & religion, this stress on the value of the spiritual attainments of man ripened the seed of spirituality & renunciation hidden in the mind of the young gentleman who was eager to embrace asceticism aocording to the tents of JAIN SIDDHANTA. He became the disciple of Sri Pramodavijayasuriji & was initiated into the order of Sanyasadharma of a Jain ascetio, with the new name of Sri Ratnavijayji. His Holiness had as his preceptor Yati Sri. Sagarchandra who taught him Grammer, Logic, Amarakosa, prose & poetry. He became a learned scholur in Prakrit & Sanskrit languages and literature as well as in comtemporary Indian Philosophy & religion intensely specialising in Jain Siddhanta. He undertook an extensive tour throughout INDIA when he practised several religious vows of CHATURMASA continuously fasting for long periods. He attended to all his personal works himself and never allowed his disciples to do any piece of service for him. He was quite hale and healthy and was always immersed in study & writing of philosophical works & engaged in the spread by light of knowledge wherever he went. HIS GREAT WORKS : His works number 61 containing lakhs of verses composed in various metres on variety of themes. ABHIDHANA RAJENDRA KOSA: This work is the crowning item of his literary endeavours. It marks a unique period in literary history of the world and merits universal praise and commandation at the hands of emminent scholars. It brings out the roots, the derivations and the meanings of all words in Magadhi language in which many of the Jain ancient philosophical works are written. It contains quotations from about 97 standard works. It gives in detail the history of a particular word and its usage in various contexts. It clarifies beyond doubt the connotation of all the technical words we come across in Jain Siddhanta and literature, the parallel of which is found no where in Jaina Lexicons and Dictio. naries. Even a cursory glance through the pages of these volumes will make the reader understand the essentials of Jain philosophy and
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrari-smAraka-graMtha religion when we say that this contains approximately four and half lakhs of verses, the magnitude of this great work can be understood. It deals with about 60,000 WORDS. To quote one instance of the interpretation and elicitation of the word "AHIMSA" the commentary has occupied 12 pages and clearly broughtout all that pertains to this word in 18 different ways and in all its aspects. That the word commencing with the letter "A" have oocupied 893 pages, speaks volumes regarding the greatness of this work. His Holiness the author has besides the above written the following works1. Sabdambudhi Kosa, 6. Dhatupatha (in verses.) 2. Sakalaiswarya Sttotra. 7. Upadesa Ratnasara. 3. Khapariyataskaraprabandha. 8. Deepavali Kathasara, 4. Sabdakaumudi ( In verses. ) 9. Sarvasamgraha Vivarana. 5. Kalyana Sttotra - 10. Prakrit Vyakarana Vyakriti. Prakriya Teeka. 11. Kalpasutra Balavabodha. Out of the 61 works written by His Holiness 8 treat of music, 23 works deal with Sanskrit language and the rest are devoted to Jain Agamas. The Lexicon can be compared to the Encyclopaedia or "Viswakosa" of any language. It may be easily termed as " VISWAKOSA " of Jain Siddhanta & the revered author deserves the veneration of scholars and philosophers of the universe. The Great Saint and Philosopher ended in Samadhi Yoga bis mundane life about forty five years ago, that is in V. S. 1963, leaving behind him Great jewels of Knowledge full of light and depth of thought containing fruits of Meditation leading to salvation He was & saviour of Humanity from sorrow and misery. It is the sacred duty of all Jains to give proper publicity to such great works & present these volumes to all the centres of learning both in INDIA and A BROAD. By. K. A. Dbarnendriah. X. Principal Shri Camrajendra Sanskrit College-Banglore.
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________________ jayantu vItarAgAH zrI rAjendra puSpAMka zrI abhidhAna rAjendra koza ke kartA zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri zrImad rAjendrasUri smAraka -graMtha eece K
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________________ 6 ligArasU]i uparitale sarvoparItyarthaH yathA vAyurAyorojalasya evaM mArAjeyatAroMsarati AkAza ghanavAtAdInAmitilA 15 prArAdhayattavizvaprAsavadeSuvyajitaH iti prahlAdamatAramaNeru siyasiti AstA zamaM vidyamAnastA ghamaMgAmityarthaH astAyovAnirastAvastalamivetyarthaH prataevazatAraMtarI marAThyaMAAMtarelA varaMvAra varjita puruSaH pramAlalama, spetirutreyaM tatpratiSedhAdavauruSeyaM tataH zarmasArayo'tarasatramA kArace dAtA kSaNikaH evaMAM vAityatra rAmrASTrodRSTAMtAMtaratAsvanArthaH sokastityadhikArAdevedamAdA asitAmityAdidAnaH prajIvarA tAMci seteADeTA jAvajIvA kammasaMgadiyA sejadAvA kezara se kimI ebaM 52 vAmatAram pora siyasi udgasi ugA dekhA' selsTrA goTAmA seturi se tarasA udyA yassa azmitale cindra' detA viz evaMvA arihA jo hizebAjAMjI kammasaMgadiyA' jite jIesa rogAlAya alamannabadhA' antamantabudhA' antamannIgADA' amala sile // zrIMga jIvana ihiyAityAdeH padaca asplAvanArtha midamAdAgraDilamityAdi rogaaleti| samazarI rAdighumalA: alamala baddalacAnyonyajIvaza: dhamalAnAM sumalA zrujIvAnAMsaMbaMdhAmityarthaH kathanAtyA do annamanna9)itipUrvasya inAmAtreyAnyonyaMspRSTAstato'nyonyaMzaH gADhataraM saMbaMdha ityarthaH alamalA mogA7lierasparelosInA baMgatA: anyonyasodara tirachAH ityaca rAgAdirUpaH sneha yaMdA dasnehAlaya kazarIrasyarelanAniSpateAyathAgAtraM rAgadeSAgnisya karmabaMdhItamitiatae bA zrImad bhaTTAraka vijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja ke svahastAkSara 15
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________________ zrImad rAjendrasUri smAraka -grantha zrI rAjendra puSpAMka darzana aura saMskRti hindI AcArya mallavAdI kA nayacakra zrI dalasukha mAlavaNiyA AcArya akalaMke aura vidyAnanda ke granthoM ke abhyAsa ke samaya nayacakra nAmaka grantha ke ullekha dekhe, kintu usakA darzana nahIM huA / banArasa meM AcArya zrIhIrAcaMdrajI kI kRpA se nayacakraTIkA kI hastalikhita prati dekhane ko milii| kintu usameM nayacakra mUla nahIM milA / patA calA ki yahI hAla sabhI pothioM kA hai| vijayalabdhisUri granthamAlA meM nayacakraTIkA ke AdhAra para nayacakra kA uddhAra karake aMzataH use saTIka chApA gayA hai| gAyakavAr3a sirIja meM bhI nayacakraTIkA aMzataH chApI gaI hai| muni zrI puNyavijayajI kI preraNA se muni zrI jambUvijayajI nayacakra kA uddhAra karane ke lie varSoM se prayatnazIla haiN| unhoMne usIke lie tibbatI bhASA bhI sIkhI aura nayacakra kI TIkA kI aneka pothioM ke AdhAra para TIkA ko zuddha karane kA tathA usake AdhAra para nayacakra mUla kA uddhAra karane kA prayatna kiyA hai / unake usa prayatna kA suphala vidvAnoM ko zIghra hI prApta hogA / kRpA karake unhoMne apane saMskaraNa ke mudrita pacAsa phorma pR0 400 dekhane ke lie mujhe meje haiM, aura kucha hI 1 nyAyavinizcaya kA0 477, pramANasaMgraha kA0 772 zlokavArtika 1.33. 102 pR0 276 // ( 30 )
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________________ 192 zrImad vijayarAjendrari-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura roja pahale munirAja zrI puNyavijayajIne sUcanA dI ki upAdhyAya yazovijayajI ke hastAkSara kI prati, jo ki unhoMne dImakoM se khAI huI nayacakraTIkA kI prati ke AdhAra para likhI thI, mila gaI hai / AzA hai muni zrI jambUvijayajI isa prati kA pUrA upayoga nayacakraTIkA ke amudrita aMza ke lie kareMge hI evaM apara mudrita aMza ko bhI usake AdhAra para ThIka kareMge hii| , maiMne premI abhinandana grantha (1946) meM apane lekha meM nayacakra kA saMkSipta paricaya diyA hI hai, kintu usa grantha-racanA kA velakSaNya mere mana meM taba se hI basA huA hai aura avasara kI pratIkSA meM rahA ki usake viSaya meM vizeSa paricaya likhuu| daramiyAna muni zrI janbUvijayajIne zrI ' AtmAnaMda prakAza ' meM naya cakra ke viSaya meM gujarAtI meM kaI lekha likhe aura eka vizeSAMka bhI nayacakra ke viSaya meM nikAlA hai| yaha saba aura merI apanI noMdhoM ke AdhAra para yahA~ nayacakra ke viSaya meM kucha vistAra se likhanA hai| nayacakra kA mahatva jaina sAhitya kA prAraMbha vastutaH kaba se huA isakA sapramANa uttara denA kaThina hai / phira bhI itanA to aba nizcayapUrvaka kahA jA sakatA hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIra ko bhI bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ke upadeza kI paraMpasa pAsa thii| svayaM bhagavAna mahAvIra apane upadeza kI tulanA bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ke upadeza se karate haiN| isase itanA to spaSTa ho hI jAtA hai ki unake samakSa pArzvanAthaparaMparA kA zruta kisI na kisI rUpa meM thaa| vidvAnoM kI kalpanA hai ki dRSTivAda meM jo pUrvagata ke nAma se ullikhita zruta hai vahI pArzvanAthaparaMparA kA zruta honA caahie| pArzvanAthaparaMparA se prApta zruta ko bhagavAn mahAvIrane vikasita kiyA vaha Aja jainazruta yA jainAgama ke nAma se prasiddha hai| jisa prakAra vaidika paraMparA meM veda ke AdhAra para bAda meM nAnA darzanoM ke vikAsa hone para sUtrAtmaka dArzanika sAhitya kI sRSTi huI aura bauddha paraMparA meM abhidharma tathA mahAyAna darzana kA vikAsa hokara vividha dArzanika prakaraNa granthoM kI racanA huI, usI prakAra jaina sAhitya meM bhI dArzanika prakaraNa granthoM kI sRSTi huI hai| vaidika, bauddha aura jaina ina tInoM paraMparA ke sAhitya kA vikAsa ghAta-pratyAghAta aura AdAna-pradAna ke AdhAra para huA hai / upaniSad yuga meM bhAratIya dArzanika cintanaparaMparA kA prasphuTIkaraNa huA jAna par3atA hai aura usake bAda to dArzanika vyavasthA kA yuga prAraMbha ho jAtA hai| vaidika paraMparA meM pariNAmavAdI sAMkhyavicAradhArA ke vikasita aura virodhI 1 bhagavatI 5. 9. 225.
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________________ saMskRti AcArya mallavAdI kA nayacakra / 193 rUpa meM nAnA prakAra ke vedAntadarzanoM kA AvirbhAva hotA hai, aura sAMkhyoM ke pariNAmavAda ke virodhI ke rUpameM naiyAyika - vaizeSika darzanoM kA AvirbhAva hotA hai / bauddhadarzanoM kA vikAsa bhI pariNAmavAda ke AdhAra para hI huA hai / anAtmavAdI ho kara bhI punarjanma aura karmavAda ko cipake rahane ke kAraNa bauddhoM meM santati ke rUpa meM pariNAmavAda A hI gayA hai; kintu kSaNikavAda ko usake tarkasiddha pariNAmoM para pahuMcAne ke lie bauddhadArzanikoMne jo ciMtana kiyA usImeM se eka aura bauddha paraMparA kA vikAsa sautrAntikoM meM huA jo dravya kA sarvathA inakAra karate haiM; kintu deza aura kAla kI dRSTi se atyanta bhinna aise kSaNoM ko mAnate haiM aura dUsarI ora advaita paraMparA meM huA jo vedAnta darzanoM ke brahmAdvaita kI taraha vijJAnAdvaita aura zUnyAdvaita jaise vAdoM kA svIkAra karate haiM / jainadarzana bhI pariNAmavAdI paraMparA kA vikasita rUpa hai| jaina dArzanikoMne uparyukta ghAta-pratyAghAtoM kA taTastha ho kara avalokana kiyA hai aura apane anekAntavAda kI hI puSTi meM usakA upayoga kiyA hai yaha to kisI bhI dArzanika se chipA nahIM raha sakatA hai / kintu yahA~ dekhanA yaha hai ki upalabdha jainadArzanika sAhitya meM aisA kaunasA grantha hai jo sarvaprathama dArzanikoM ke ghAtapratyAghAtoM ko AtmasAt karake usakA upayoga anekAnta ke sthApana meM hI karatA hai / prAcIna jaina dArzanika sAhitya sarjana kA zreya siddhasena aura samantabhadra ko diyA jAtA hai / ina donoM meM kauna pUrva aura kauna uttara hai isakA sarvamAnya nirNaya abhI huA nahIM hai / phira bhI prastuta meM ina donoM kI kRtioM ke viSaya meM itanA hI kahanA hai ki ve donoM apane apane grantha meM anekAnta kA sthApana karate haiM avazya, kintu donoM kI paddhati yaha hai ki paraspara virodhI vAdoM meM doSa batAkara anekAnta kA sthApana ve donoM karate haiM / virodhI vAdoM ke pUrvapakSoM ko yA pUrvapakSIya vAdoM kI sthApanA ko utanA mahattva yA avakAza nahIM dete jitanA unake khaNDana ko / anekAntavAda ke lie jitanA mahattva usa 2 vAda ke doSoM kA yA asaMgati kA hai utanA mahattva balki usase adhika mahattva usa 2 vAda ke guNoM kA yA saMgati kA bhI hai aura guNoM kA darzana usa 2 vAda kI sthApanA ke vinA nahIM hotA hai / isa dRSTi se ukta donoM AcAryoM ke grantha apUrNa haiM / ata eva prAcIna kAla ke granthoM meM yadi apane samaya taka ke saba dArzanika mantavyoM kI sthApanAoM ke saMgraha kA zreya kisI ko hai to vaha nayacakra aura usakI TIkA ko hI mila sakatA hai / anya ko nahIM / bhAratIya samagra dArzanika granthoM meM bhI isa sarva saMgraha aura sarvasamAlocana kI dRSTi se yadi koI prAcInatama grantha hai to vaha nayacakra hI hai / isa dRSTi se isa grantha kA mahattva isa lie bhI bar3ha jAtA hai ki kAla 25
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________________ 194 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura kavalita bahuta se grantha aura matoM kA saMgraha aura samAlocana isI grantha meM prApta hai / jo anyatra durlabha hai| darzana aura naya AcArya siddhasenane nayoM ke viSaya meM spaSTa hI kahA hai ki pratyeka naya apane viSaya kI vicAraNA meM sacce hote haiM, kintu para nayoM kI vicAraNA meM mogha-asamartha hote haiN| jitane vacanamArga haiM utane hI nayavAda hote haiM aura jitane nayavAda haiM utane hI para darzana haiM / nayavAda ko alaga alaga liyA jAya taba ve mithyA haiM, kyoMki ve apane pakSa ko hI ThIka samajhate haiM dUsare pakSa kA to nirAsa karate haiN| kintu vastu kA pAkSika darzana to paripUrNa nahIM ho sakatA; ata eva usa pAkSika darzana ko svataMtra rUpa se mithyA hI samajhanA cAhie, kintu sApekSa ho taba hI samyag samajhanA caahie| anekAntavAda nirapekSavAdoM ko sApekSa banAtA hai yahI usakA samyaksva hai / naya pRthak raha kara durnaya hote haiM kintu anekAntavAda meM sthAna pA kara ve hI sunaya bana jAte haiM; ata eva sarva mithyAvAdoM kA samUha ho kara bhI anekAntavAda samyak hotA hai| AcArya siddhasenane pRthak 2 vAdoM ko ratnoM kI upamA dI hai / pRthak pRthak vaidUrya Adi ratna kitane hI mUlyavAn kyoM na hoM ve na to hAra kI zobhA hI ko prApta kara sakate haiM aura na hAra kahalA sakate haiN| usa zobhA ko prApta karane ke lie eka sUtra meM una ratnoM ko baMdhanA hogaa| anekAntavAda pRthak pRthak vAdoM ko sUtrabaddha karatA hai aura unakI zobhA ko bar3hAtA hai| unake pArthakya ko yA pRthak nAmoM ko miTA detA hai aura jisa prakAra saba ratna mila kara ratnAvalI isa naye nAma ko prApta karate haiM, vaise saba nayavAda apane apane nAmoM ko kho kara anekAntavAda aise naye nAma ko prApta karate haiM / yahI una nayoM kA samyaktva hai| isI bAta kA samarthana-AcArya jinabhadrane bhI kiyA hai / unakA kahanA hai ki naya jaba taka pRthak pRthak haiM, taba taka mithyAbhiniveza ke kAraNa vivAda karate haiN| yaha mithyAbhiniveza nayoM kA taba hI dUra hotA hai jaba una sabhI ko eka sAtha biThA diyA jAya / jaba taka akele 1 "NiyavayaNijasaccA samvanayA paraviyAlaNe mohA"-sanmati. 1. 28. 2 "jAvaiyA vayagavahA tAvaiyA ceva hoMti nyvaayaa| jAvaiyA NayavAyA tAvaiyA ceva parasamayA // " -sanmati 3. 47 3 sanmati. 1. 13 aura. 21 4 'jega duve egaMtA vibhajamANA annegnto||' sanmati 1. 14 / 1. 25 / 5 sanmati 1. 22-25.
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________________ saMskRti AcArya mallavAdI kA nayacakra / gAnA ho taba taka Apa kaisA hI rAga AlApeM yaha ApakI marajI kI bAta hai; kintu samUha meM gAnA ho taba saba ke sAtha sAmaMjasya karanA hI par3atA hai| anekAntavAda vivAda karanevAle nayoM meM yA vibhinna darzanoM meM isI sAmaJjasya ko sthApita karatA hai, ata eva sarvanaya kA samUha ho kara bhI jainadarzana atyanta niravadya hai, nirdoSa hai'| sarvadarzana-saMgrAhaka jainadarzana yaha bAta huI sAmAnya siddhAnta ke sthApana kI, kintu isa prakAra sAmAnya siddhAnta sthira karake bhI apane samaya meM prasiddha sabhI nayavAdoM ko-sabhI darzanoM ko jainoM ke dvArA mAne gae prAcIna do nayoM meM-dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika meM ghaTAne kA kArya Avazyaka aura anivArya ho jAtA hai / AcArya siddhasenane pradhAna darzanoM kA samanvaya kara usa prakriyA kA prAraMbha bhI kara diyA hai aura kaha diyA hai ki sAMkhyadarzana dravyArthika naya ko pradhAna mAna kara, saugatadarzana paryAyArthika ko pradhAna mAna kara aura vaizeSika darzana ukta donoM nayoM ko viSayabheda se pradhAna mAna kara pravRtta haiN| kintu pradhAna-apradhAna sabhI vAdoM ko nayavAda meM yathAsthAna biThA kara sarvadarzanasamUharUpa anekAntavAda hai isakA pradarzana bAkI hI thaa| isa kArya ko nayacakra ke dvArA pUrNa kiyA gayA hai| ata eva anekAntavAda vastutaH sarvadarzanasaMgraharUpa hai isa tathya ko siddha karane kA zreya yadi kisI ko hai to vaha nayacakra ko hI hai, anya ko nhiiN| maiMne anyatra siddha kiyA hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIrane apane samaya ke dArzanika mantavyoM kA sAmaJjasya sthApita karake anekAntavAda kI sthApatA kI hai| kintu bhagavAn mahAvIra ke bAda to bhAratIya darzana meM tAttvika mantavyoM kI bAr3ha sI AI hai| sAmAnyarUpa se kaha denA ki sabhI nayoM kA-mantavyoM kA-matavAdoM kA samUha anekAntavAda hai yaha eka bAta hai aura una mantavyoM ko vizeSarUpa se vicArapUrvaka anekAntavAda meM yathAsthAna sthApita karanA yaha dUsarI bAta hai| prathama bAta to aneka AcAryoMne kahI hai| kintu eka-eka mantavya kA vicAra karake use nayAntargata karane kI vyavasthA karanA yaha utanA sarala nahIM / nayacakrakAlIna bhAratIya dArzanika mantavyoM kI pRSThabhUmikA vicAra karanA, samagra tattvajJAna ke vikAsa meM usa usa mantavya kA upayukta sthAna nizcita karanA, naye naye mantavyoM ke 1. " evaM vivayanti nayA micchAbhinivesao proppro| iyamiha savvanayamayaM jiNamayamaNavajjamacantaM // " vizeSAvazyakabhASya gA. 72. / 2 sanmati 3. 48-49 / 3 dekho nyAyAvatAra vArtikavRtti kI prastAvanA /
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________________ 196 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura utthAna kI anivAryatA ke kAraNoM kI khoja karanA, mantavyoM ke pArasparika virodha aura balAbala kA vicAra karanA-yaha saba kArya una mantavyoM ke samanvaya karanevAle ke lie anivArya ho jAte haiN| anyathA samanvaya kI koI bhUmikA hI nahIM bana sktii| nayacakra meM AcArya mallavAdIne yaha saba anivArya kArya karake apane anupama dArzanika pANDitya kA to paricaya diyA hI hai aura sAtha meM bhAratIya tatvacintana ke itihAsa kI apUrva sAmagrI kA bhaMDAra bhI AgAmI pIr3hI ke lie chor3ane kA zreya bhI liyA hai / isa dRSTi se dekhA jAya to bhAratIya samagra dArzanika vAGmaya meM nayacakra kA sthAna mahattvapUrNa mAnanA hogaa| nayacakra kI racanA kI kathA bhAratIya sAhitya meM sUtrayuga ke bAda bhASya kA yuga hai / sUtroM kA yuga jaba samApta huA taba sUtroM ke bhASya likhe jAne lge| pAtaJjalamahAbhASya, nyAyamASya, zobarabhASya, prazastapAdabhASya, abhidharmakoSabhASya, yogasUtra kA vyAsabhASya, tattvArthAdhigamabhASya, vizeSAvazyakabhASya, zAMkarabhASya Adi / prathama bhASyakAra kauna hai yaha nizcayapUrvaka kahanA kaThina hai| isa dIrghakAlIna bhASyayuga kI racanA nayacakra hai / paramparA ke anusAra nayacakra ke kartA AcArya mallavAdI saurASTra ke valabhipura ke nivAsI the| unakI mAtA kA nAma durlabhadevI thaa| unakA gRhastha avasthA kA nAma ' mallu' thA, kintu vAda meM kuzalatA prApta karane ke kAraNa mallavAdI rUpa se vikhyAta hue| unake dIkSA-guru kA nAma jinAnanda thA jo saMsAra pakSa meM unake mAtula hote the / bhRgukaccha meM guru kA parAbhava buddhAnanda nAmaka bauddha vidvAn ne kiyA thA; ata eva ve valabhi Agae / jaba 'mallavAdI' ko. yaha patA lagA ki unake guru kA vAda meM parAjaya huA hai, taba unhoMne svayaM bhRgukaccha jA kara vAda kiyA aura buddhAnanda ko parAjita kiyA / isa kathA meM saMbhavataH sabhI nAma kalpita haiM / vastutaH AcArya mallavAdI kA mUla nayacakra jisa prakAra kAlagrasta ho gayA usI prakAra unake jIvana kI sAmagrI bhI kAlagrasta ho gaI hai| buddhAnanda aura jinAnanda ye nAma samAna haiM aura sirpha ArAdhyadevatA ke anusAra kalpita kie gae hoM aisA saMbhava hai / mallavAdI kA pUrvAvasthA kA nAma 'malla' thA-yaha bhI kalpanA hI lagatA hai / vastutaH ina AcArya kA nAma kucha aura hI hogA aura ' mallavAdI ' yaha upanAma. hI hogaa| jo ho, paraMparA meM una AcArya ke viSaya meM jo eka gAthA calI AtI thI usI gAthA ko lekara unake jIvana kI ghaTanAoM kA varNana kiyA gayA ho aisA saMbhava hai| nayacakra kI racanA ke viSaya meM jo paurANika kathA dI gaI hai usa se bhI isa kalpanA kA samarthana hotA hai| 1 kathA ke lie dekho, prabhAvaka caritakA-mallavAdI prabandha /
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________________ saMskRti AcArya mallavAdI kA nayacakra / 197. paurANika kathA aisI hai paMcama pUrva jJAnapravAda meM se nayacakra grantha kA uddhAra pUrvarSioMne kiyA thA usake bAraha Are the| usa nayacakra ke par3hane para zrutadevatA kupita hotI thI, ata eva AcArya jinAnandane jaba kahIM bAhara jA rahe the, mallavAdI se kahA ki usa nayacakra ko par3hanA nhiiN| kyoMki niSedha kiyA gayA, mallavAdI kI jijJAsA tIvra ho gii| aura unhoMne usa pustaka ko khola kara par3hA to prathama ' vidhiniyamabhaMga' ityAdi gAthA pddh'ii| usa para vicAra kara hI rahe the, utane meM zrutadevatAne usa pustaka ko unase chIna liyA / AcArya mallavAdI duHkhita hue, kintu upAya thA nhiiN| ata eva zrutadevatA kI ArAdhanA ke lie girikhaNDa parvata kI guphA meM gae aura tapasyA zurU kii| zrutadevatAne unakI dhAraNAzakti kI parIkSA lene ke lie pUchA ' miSTa kyA hai / ' mallavAdIne uttara diyA 'vAla' / punaH cha mAsa ke bAda zrutadevIne pUchA 'kisake sAtha ? ' munine uttara diyA 'gur3a aura ghI ke sAtha / ' AcArya kI isa smaraNazakti se prasanna ho kara zrutadevatA ne vara mAMgane ko kahA / AcArya ne kahA ki nayacakra vApasa de de / taba zrutadevIne uttara diyA ki usa grantha ko prakaTa karane se dveSI loga upadrava karate haiM, ata eva vara detI hU~ ki tuma vidhiniyamabhaMga ityAdi tumheM jJAta eka gAthA ke AdhAra para hI usake saMpUrNa artha kA jJAna kara sakoge / aisA kaha kara devI calI gii| isake bAda AcAryane nayacakra grantha kI daza hajAra zlokapramANa racanA kI / nayacakra ke uccheda kI paraMparA zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM paraMparAoM meM samAna rUpa se pracalita hai| AcArya mallavAdI kI kathA meM jisa prakAra nayacakra ke uccheda ko varNita kiyA gayA hai yaha to hamane nirdiSTa kara hI diyA hai / zrIyuta premIjIne mAilla dhavala ke nayacakra kI eka gAthA apane lekha meM uddhRta kI hai usase patA calatA hai ki digambara paraMparA meM bhI nayacakra ke uccheda kI kathA hai / jisa prakAra zvetAmbara paraMparA meM mallavAdIne nayacaka kA uddhAra kiyA yaha mAnyatA rUr3ha hai usI prakAra muni deva senane bhI nayacaka kA uddhAra kiyA hai aisI mAnyatA mAila dhavala ke kathana se phalita hotI hai / isase yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki yaha lupta nayacakra zvetAmbara digambara ko samAnarUpa se mAnya hogaa| kathA kA vizleSaNa-nayacakra aura pUrva vidyamAna nayacakraTIkA ke AdhAra para naya cakra kA jo svarUpa phalita hotA hai vaha aisA hai ki prAraMbha meM vidhiniyama ' ityAdi eka gAthAsUtra hai| aura usI gAthAsUtra ke bhASya ke rUpa meM nayacakra kA samagra gadyAMza hai / svayaM AcArya mallavAdIne apanI kRti ko 1 " dusamIraNeNa poyaM periyasataM jAhA ti(ci)raM nahU~ / siridevasega muNiNA taya nayacakaM puNo raiyaM" dekho jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa pR. 165 / /
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________________ zrImada vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pratha darzana aura pUrvamahodadhi meM uThane vAle nayataraMgoM ke bindurUpa kahA hai-pR. 9 / nayacakra ke isa svarUpa ko samakSa rakhakara ukta paurANika kathA kA nirmANa huA jAna par3atA hai / isa grantha kA 'pUrvagata' zruta ke sAtha jo saMbaMdha jor3A gayA hai vaha usake mahattva ko bar3hAne ke lie bhI ho sakatA hai aura vastusthiti kA dyotana bhI ho sakatA hai, kyoM ki pUrvagata zruta meM nayoM kA vivaraNa vizeSa rUpa se thA hI / aura prastuta grantha meM puruSa-niyati Adi kAraNavAda kI jo carcA hai vaha kisI lupta paraMparA kA dyotana to avazya karatI hai| kyoM ki una kAraNoM ke viSaya meM aisI vistRta aura vyavasthita prAcIna carcA anyatra kahIM nahIM miltii| zvetAzvatara upaniSad meM kAraNavAdoM kA saMgraha eka kArikA meM kiyA gayA hai ; kintu una vAdoM kI yuktioM kA vistRta aura vyavasthita nirUpaNa anyatra jo durlabha hai vaha isa nayacakra meM hI milatA hai / isa dRSTi se isameM pUrva paraMparA kA aMza surakSita ho to koI Azcarya nahIM aura isI lie isakA mahattva bhI atyadhika hai| AcArya mallavAdIne apanI kRti kA saMbaMdha pUrvagata zruta ke sAtha jo joDA hai vaha nirAdhAra bhI nahIM lagatA / pUrvagata yaha aMza dRSTivAdAntargata hai / jJAnapravAda nAmaka paMcama pUrva kA viSaya jJAna hai / naya yaha zrutajJAna kA eka aMza mAnA jAtA hai| isa dRSTi se nayacakra kA AdhAra pUrvagata zruta ho sakatA hai| kintu pUrvagata ke alAvA dRSTivAda kA ' sUtra ' bhI nayacakra kI racanA meM sahAyaka huA hogA / kyoM ki 'sUtra' ke jo bAIsa bheda batAe gae haiM una meM RjusUtra, evaMbhUta aura samabhirUr3ha kA ullekha hai / aura ina hI bAIsa sUtroM ko svasamaya, AjIvakamata aura trairAzikamata ke sAtha bhI jor3A gayA hai| yaha sUcita karatA hai ki dRSTivAda ke sUtrAMza ke sAtha bhI isakA saMbaMdha hai| saMbhava hai isa sUtrAMza kA viSaya jJAnapravAda meM anya prakAra se samAviSTa kara liyA gayA hai / isa viSaya meM nizcita kucha bhI kahanA kaThina hai| phira bhI dRSTivAda kI viSayasUcI dekha kara itanA hI nizcayapUrvaka kahA jA sakatA hai ki nayacakra kA jo dRSTivAda ke sAtha saMbaMdha joDA gayA hai vaha nirAdhAra nhiiN| nayacakra kA uccheda kyoM ? nayacakra paThana-pAThana meM nahIM rahA yaha to pUrvokta kathAse sUcita hotA hai / aisA kyoM huA ! yaha prazna vicAraNIya hai| nayacakra meM aisI kaunasI bAta hogI jisake kAraNa usake par3hane para zrutadevatA kupita hotI thI ! yaha vicAraNIya hai| 1 zvetAzvatara 1. 2. / 2 dekho, nandIsUtragata dRSTivAda kA paricaya-sUtra 56 /
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________________ saMskRti AcArya mallavAdI kA mayayakra / isa prazna kA uttara dene ke lie hameM dRSTivAda ke uccheda ke kAraNoM kI khoja karanI hogii| jisa kA yaha sthAna nahIM / yahAM to itanA hI kahanA paryApta hai ki dRSTivAda meM aneka aise viSaya the jo kucha vyakti ke lie hitakara hone ke bajAya ahitakara ho sakate the| udAharaNa ke lie vidyAeM yogya vyakti ke hAtha meM rahane se unakA durupayoga honA saMbhava nahIM, kintu ve hI yadi asthira vyakti ke hAtha meM ho to durupayoga saMbhava hai| yaha sthUlabhadra kI kathA se sUcita hotA hI hai / unhoMne apanI vidyAsiddhi kA anAvazyaka pradarzana kara diyA aura ve apane saMpUrNa dRSTivAda ke pAThana ke adhikAra se vaMcita kara die ge| jainadarzana ko sarvanayamaya kahA gayA hai| yaha mAnyatA nirAdhAra nahIM / dRSTivAda ke mayavivaraNa meM saMbhava hai ki AjIvaka Adi matoM kI sAmagrI kA varNana ho aura una matoM kA nayadRSTi se samarthana bhI ho / uma matoM ke aise mantavya jinako jainadarzana meM samAviSTa karanA ho, unakI yuktisiddhatA bhI darzita kI gaI ho / yaha saba kuzAgra buddhi puruSa ke lie jJAna-sAmagrI kA kAraNa ho sakatA hai aura jar3abuddhi ke lie jainadarzana meM anAsthAkA bhI kAraNa ho sakatA hai| yadi nayacakra una matoM kA saMgrAhaka ho to jo Apatti dRSTivAda ke adhyayana meM hai vahI nayacakra ke bhI adhyayana meM uTha sakatI hai / zrutadevatA kI Apatti-darzaka kathA kA mUla isameM saMbhava hai / ataeva naye nayacakra kI racanA bhI Avazyaka ho jAtI hai jisameM kucha parimArjana kiyA gayA ho / AcArya mallavAdIne apane nayacakra meM aisA parimArjana karane kA prayatma kiyA ho yaha saMbhava hai| kintu usakI jo durgati huI aura pracAra meM se baha bhI prAyaH lupta-sA ho gayA usakA kAraNa khojA jAya to patA lagegA ki parimArjana kA prayatna hone para bhI jainadarzana kI sarvanayamayatA kA siddhAnta usake bhI uccheda meM kAraNa huA hai| nayacakra kI vizeSatA nayacakra aura anya granthoM kI tulanA kI jAya to eka bAta atyanta spaSTa hotI hai ki jaba nayacakra ke bAda ke grantha nayoM ke arthAt janetara darzanoM ke mata kA khaNDana hI karate haiM, taba nayacakra meM eka taTastha nyAyAdhIza kI taraha nayoM ke guNa aura doSa donoM kI samIkSA kI gaI hai| nayoM ke vivecana kI prakriyA kA bheda bhI nayacakra aura anya granthoM meM spaSTa hai'| nayacakra meM vastutaH dUsare jainetara matoM ko hI naya ke rUpa meM varNita kiyA gayA hai aura una matoM ke uttara pakSa jo ki svayaM bhI eka jainetara pakSa hI hote haiM-unake dvArA bhI pUrvapakSa 1dekho laghIyastraya, tattvArthazlokavArtika, pramANamayatatvAloka Adi /
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________________ 200 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura kA mAtra khaNDana hI nahIM; kintu pUrva pakSa meM jo guNa hai unake svIkAra kI ora nirdeza bhI kiyA gayA hai / isa prakAra uttarottara jainetara matoM ko hI naya mAna kara samagra grantha kI racanA huI hai / sArAMza yaha hai ki naya yaha koI svataH jainamantavya nahIM, kintu jainetara mantavya jo loka meM pracalita the unhIM ko naya mAna kara unakA saMgraha vividha nayoM ke rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai aura kisa prakAra jainadarzana sarvanayamaya hai yaha siddha kiyA gayA hai| athavA mithyAmatoM kA samUha ho kara bhI jaina mata kisa prakAra samyak hai aura mithyAmatoM ke samUha kA anekAMtavAda meM kisa prakAra sAmaJjasya hotA hai yaha dikhAnA nayacakra kA uddezya hai / kintu nayacakra ke bAda ke grantha meM nayavAda kI prakriyA badala jAtI hai| nizcita jainamantavya kI bhitti para hI anekAntavAda ke prAsAda kI racanA hotI hai| jaina saMmata vastu ke svarUpa ke viSaya meM apekSAbheda se kisa prakAra virodhI mantavya samanvita hote haiM yaha dikhAnA nayavivecana kA uddezya ho jAtA hai| usameM prAsaMgika rUpa se nayAbhAsa ke rUpa meM jainetara darzanoM kI carcA hai / donoM vivecanoM kI prakriyA kA bheda yahI hai ki nayacakra meM paramata hI nayoM ke rUpa meM rakhe gae haiM aura anya meM svamata hI nayoM ke rUpa meM rakhe gae haiN| svamata ko naya aura paramata ko nayAbhAsa kahA gayA hai / jaba ki nayacakra meM paramata hI naya aura nayAbhAsa kaise banate haiM yaha dikhAnA iSTa hai / prakriyA kA yaha bheda mahattvapUrNa hai| aura vaha mahAvIra aura nayacakrottara kAla ke bIca kI eka vizeSa vicAradhArA kI ora saMketa karatA hai / vastu ko aneka dRSTi se dekhanA eka bAta hai arthAt eka hI vyakti vibhinna dRSTi se eka hI vastu ko dekhatA hai-yaha eka bAta hai aura aneka vyaktioMne jo aneka dRSTi se vastudarzana kiyA hai unakI una sabhI dRSTioM ko svIkAra karake apanA darzana puSTa karanA yaha dUsarI bAta hai / nayacakra kI vicAradhArA isa dUsarI bAta kA samarthana karatI hai / aura nayacakrottarakAlIna grantha prathama bAta kA samarthana karate haiN| dUsarI bAta meM yaha khatarA hai ki darzana dUsaroM kA hai, jainadarzana mAtra unako svIkAra kara letA hai| jaina dArzanika kI apanI sUjha, apanA nijI darzana kucha bhI nhiiN| vaha kevala dUsaroM kA anusaraNa karatA hai, svayaM darzana kA vidhAtA nahIM bntaa| yaha eka dArzanika kI kamajorI samajhI jAyagI ki usakA apanA koI darzana nhiiN| kintu prathama bAta meM aisA nahIM hotA / dArzanika kA apanA darzana hai| usakI apanI dRSTi hai| ata eva ukta khatare se bacane ke lie nayacakrottarakAlIna granthoM ne prathama bAta ko hI prazraya diyA ho to Azcarya nhiiN| aura jainadarzana kI sarvanayamayatAsarvamithyAdarzanasamUhatA kA siddhAnta gauNa ho gayA ho to koI Azcarya kI bAta nahIM hai| uttarakAla meM naya-vivecana yaha dRSTi-vivecana hai, paramata-vivecana nhiiN| jaba jaina dArzanikoMne
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________________ saMskRti AcArya mAlavAdI kA nayacaka / 201 yaha nayA mArga apanAyA tava prAcIna paddhati se likhe gae prakaraNagrantha gauNa ho jAya yaha svAbhAvika hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki nayacakra paThana-pAThana se vaMcita ho kara kramazaH kAla. kavalita ho gayA-yaha kahA jAya to anucita nahIM hogaa| nayacakra ke paThana-pAThana meM se lupta hone kA eka dUsarA kAraNa yaha bhI ho sakatA hai ki naya cakra kI yuktioM kA upayoga karake anya sArAtmaka sarala grantha bana gae, taba bhAva aura bhASA kI dRSTi se kliSTa aura vistRta nayacakra kI upekSA honA svAbhAvika hai / nayacakra kI upekSA kA yaha bhI kAraNa ho sakatA hai ki nayacakrottarakAlIna kumArila aura dharmakIrti jaise pracaNDa dArzanikoM ke kAraNa bhAratIya darzanoM kA jo vikAsa huA usase nayacakra vaMcita thA / nayacakra kI ina dArzanikoM ke bAda koI TIkA bhI nahIM likhI gaI jisase vaha naye vikAsa ko AtmasAt kara letaa| nayacakra kA paricaya nayacakrottarakAlIna granthoMne nayacakra kI paribhASAoM ko bhI chor3a diyA haiM / siddhasena divAkarane prasiddha sAta naya ko hI do mUla naya meM samAviSTa kiyA haiN| kintu mallavAdIne, kyoM ki nayavicAra ko eka cakra kA rUpa diyA, ata eva cakra kI kalpanA ke anukUla nayoM kA vargIkaraNa kiyA hai jo anyatra dekhane ko nahIM miltaa| AcArya mallavAdI kI pratibhA kI pratIti bhI isI cakraracanA se hI vidvAnoM ko ho jAtI hai / cakra ke bAraha Are hote haiN| mallavAdIne sAta naya ke sthAna meM bAraha nayoM kI kalpanA kI hai, ata eva nayacakra kA dUsarA nAma dvAdazAranayacaka bhI hai / ve ye haiM 1 vidhiH| 2 vidhi-vidhiH ( vidhervidhiH)| 3 vidhyubhayam ( vidhervidhizca niyamazca ) / 4 vidhiniyamaH ( vidheniymH)| 5 vidhiniyamau ( vidhizca niyamazca ) / 6 vidhiniyamavidhiH ( vidhiniyamayovidhiH ) / 7 ubhayobhayam ( vidhiniyamayovidhiniyamau ) / 8 ubhayaniyamaH ( vidhiniyamayoniyamaH ) / 9 niymH| 10 niyamavidhiH (niyamasya vidhiH ) /
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________________ 202 zrImad vijayarAjendasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura 11 niyamobhayam ( niyamasya vidhiniyamau ) / 12 niyamaniyamaH ( niyamasya niyamaH ) / cakra ke Are eka tumba yA nAbhi meM saMlagna hote haiM usI prakAra ye sabhI naya syAdvAda yA anekAntarUpa tumba yA nAbhi meM saMlagna haiN| yadi ye Are tumba meM pratiSThita na hoM to vikhara jAyeMge usI prakAra ye sabhI naya yadi syAdvAda meM sthAna nahIM pAte to unakI pratiSThA nahIM hotI / arthAt abhiprAyabhedoM ko, nayamedoM ko yA darzanabhedoM ko milAnevAlA syAdvAdatumba nayacakra meM mahattva kA sthAna pAtA hai / do AroM ke bIca cakra meM antara hotA hai| usake sthAna meM AcArya mallavAdIne pUrva naya kA khaNDana bhAga rakhA hai| arthAt jaba taka pUrva naya meM kucha doSa na ho taba taka uttara naya kA utthAna hI nahIM ho sakatA hai / pUrva naya ke doSoM kA digdarzana karAnA yaha do nayarUpa AroM ke bIca kA antara hai / jisa prakAra antara ke bAda hI nayA ArA AtA hai usI prakAra pUrva naya ke doSadarzana ke bAda hI nayA naya apanA mata sthApita karatA hai| dUsarA naya prathama naya kA nirAsa karegA aura apanI sthApanA karegA, tIsarA dUsare kA nirAsa aura apanI sthApanA kregaa| isa prakAra kramazaH hote hote gyAraveM naya kA nirAsa kara ke apanI sthApanA bArahavAM naya karatA hai / yaha nirAsa aura sthApanA yahIM samApta nahIM hotI / kyoM ki nayoM ke cakra kI racanA AcAryane kI hai ata eva bArahaveM naya ke bAda prathama naya kA sthAna AtA hai, ataeva vaha bhI bArahaveM naya kI sthApanA ko khaNDita karake apanI sthApanA karatA hai / isa prakAra ye bArahoM naya pUrva pUrva kI apekSA prabala aura uttara uttara kI apekSA nirbala haiM / koI bhI aisA nahIM jisake pUrva meM koI na ho aura uttara meM bhI koI na ho / ataeva nayoM ke dvArA saMpUrNa satya kA sAkSAtkAra nahIM hotA isa tathya ko. nayacakra kI racanA karake A0 mallavAdIne mArmika DhaMga se prasthApita kiyA hai| aura isa prakAra yaha spaSTa kara diyA hai ki syAdvAda hI akhaMDa satya ke sAkSAtkAra meM samartha hai, vibhinna matavAda yA naya nhiiN| tumba ho, Are hoM kintu nemi na ho to vaha cakra gatizIla nahIM bana sakatA aura na cakra hI kahalA sakatA hai ata eva nemi bhI Avazyaka hai / isa dRSTi se nayacakra ke pUrNa hone meM bhI nemi Avazyaka hai / prastuta nayacakra meM tIna aMza meM vibhakta nemi kI kalpanA kI gaI hai / pratyeka aMza ko mArga kahA gayA hai / prathama cAra Are ko jor3anevAlA prathama mArga, Are ke dvitIya catuSka ko jor3anevAlA dvitIya mArga aura AroM ke tRtIya catuSka ko jor3anevAlA tRtIya 1 nayacakra pR. 10 / 2 AtmAnaMda prakAza 45. 7. pR. 121 / 3 zrI AtmAnaMda prakAza 45. 7. pR. 122 /
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________________ saMskRti AcArya mahaMvAdI kA nayacakra / 203 mArga hai| mArga ke tIna bheda karane kA kAraNa yaha hai ki prathama ke cAra vidhibhaMga haiM / dvitIya Pages ubhayabhaMga hai aura tRtIya catuSka niyamabhaMga hai / ye tInoM mArga kramazaH nitya, nityAnitya aura anitya kI sthApanA karate haiM / ' nemi ko lohaveSTana se maMDita karane para vaha aura bhI majabUta banatI hai ata eva cakra ko veSTita karanevAle lohapaTTa ke sthAna meM siMhagaNiviracita nayacakravAlavRtti hai / isa prakAra nayacakra apane yathArtha rUpa meM cakra hai / nayoM ke dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika aise do bheda prAcInakAla se prasiddha haiM / naigamAdi sAta nayoM kA samAveza bhI unhIM do nayoM meM hotA hai / mallavAdIne dvAdazAranayacakra kI racanA kI to una bAraha nayoM kA saMbaMdha ukta do nayoM ke sAtha batalAnA Avazyaka thA / ata eva AcAryane spaSTa kara diyA hai ki vidhi Adi prathama ke chaH naya dravyArthika naya ke antargata haiM aura zeSa cha: paryAyArthika naya ke antargata haiM / AcAryane prasiddha naigamAdi sAta nayoM ke sAtha bhI ina bAraha nayoM kA saMbaMdha batalAyA hai / tadanusAra vidhi Adi kA samanvaya isa prakAra hai / 1 vyavahAra naya, 2-4 saMgraha naya, 5 - 6 naigama naya, 7 RjusUtra nayaM, 8-9 zabdanaya, 10 samabhirUDha, 11-12 evaMbhUta naya / nayacakra kI racanA kA sAmAnya paricaya kara lene ke bAda aba yaha dekheM ki usameM nayoM - darzanoM kA kisa krama se utthAna aura nirAsa haiM / ye ( 1 ) sarva prathama dravyArthika ke medarUpa vyavahAra naya ke Azraya se ajJAnaMvAda kA utthAna hai / isa naya kA mantavya hai ki lokavyavahAra ko pramANa mAna kara apanA vyavahAra calAnA cAhie / isameM zAstra kA kucha kAma nhiiN| zAstroM ke jhagar3e meM par3ane se to kisI bAta kA nirNaya ho nahIM sakatA hai / aura to aura zAstrakAra pratyakSa pramANa kA bhI nirdoSa lakSaNa nahIM kara sake / vasubandhu ke pratyakSa lakSaNa meM diGnAgane doSa dikhAyA hai aura svayaM dinAga kA pratyakSa lakSaNa bhI aneka doSoM se dUSita hai / yahI hAla sAMkhyoM ke vArSagaNyakRta pratyakSa lakSaNa kA aura vaizeSikoM ke pratyakSa kA hai| pramANa ke AdhAra para ye dArzanika vastu koekAnta sAmAnya vizeSa aura ubhayarUpa mAnate haiM, kintu unakI mAnyatA meM virodha hai / satkAryavAda aura asatkAryavAda kA bhI ye dArzanika samarthana karate haiM kintu ye vAda bhI ThIka nahIM / kAraNa hone para bhI kArya hotA hI hai yaha bhI niyama nahIM / zabdoM ke artha jo vyavahAra meM pracalita hoM unheM mAna kara vyavahAra calAnA caahie| kisI zAstra ke artha kA nirNaya ho nahIM sakatA hai / ata eva vyavahAra naya kA nirNaya hai yathArtharUpa meM kabhI jAnA nahIM jA sakatA hai-ata eva use jAnane kA prayatna bhI nahIM karanA AdhAra para zabdoM ke ki vastusvarUpa usake (1) zrI AtmAnaMda prakAza 45. 7. pR0 123. / ( 2 ) 45. 7. pR0 123 / ( 3 ) 45. 7. pR0 124 /
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________________ 204 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura caahie| isa prakAra vyavahAranaya ke eka bhedarUpa se prathama Are meM ajJAnavAda kA utthAna hai| isa ajJAnavAda kA yaha bhI artha hai ki pRthvI Adi sabhI vastueM ajJAnapratibaddha haiN| jo ajJAna virodhI jJAna hai vaha bhI avabodharUpa hone se saMzayAdi ke samAna hI hai arthAt usakA bhI ajJAna se vaiziSTya siddha nahIM hai / isa mata ke puraskartA ke vacana ko uddhRta kiyA gayA hai ki " ko ghetada veda ! kiMvA etena jJAtena !" yaha vacana prasiddha nAsadIya sUkta ke AdhAra para hai / jisa meM kahA gayA hai" ko addhA veda ka iha pravocan kuta AjAtA kuta iyaM visRSTiH |........yo asyAdhyakSaH parame vyoman so aGga veda yadi vA na veda // 6-7 // " TIkAkAra siMhagaNine isI mata ke samarthana meM vAkyapadIya kI kArikA uddhRta kI hai jisa ke anusAra bhartRhari kA kahanA hai ki anumAna se kisI bhI vastu kA aMtima nirNaya ho nahIM sakatA hai / jainagranthoM meM darzanoM ko ajJAnavAda, kriyAvAda, akriyAvAda aura vinayavAdoM meM jo vibhakta kiyA gayA hai usameM se yaha prathama vAda hai yaha TIkAkArane spaSTa kiyA hai / tathA Agama ke kauna se vAkya se yaha mata saMbaddha hai yaha dikhAne ke lie AcArya mallavAdIne pramANarUpa se bhagavatI kA nimna vAkya uddhRta kiyA hai" AtA bhaMte NANe aNNANe' gotamA; NANe niyamA AtA, AtA puNa siyA NANe, siyA aNNANe " bhagavatI 12. 3. 467 // isa naya kA tAtparya yaha hai ki jaba vastutattva puruSa ke dvArA jAnA hI nahIM jA sakatA, taba apauruSeya zAstra kA Azraya tatvajJAna ke lie nahIM kintu kriyA ke lie karanA cAhie / isa prakAra isa ajJAnavAda ko vaidika karmakANDI mImAMsaka mata ke rUpa meM phalita kiyA gayA hai / mImAMsaka sarvazAstra kA yA veda kA tAtparya kriyopadeza meM mAnatA hai| sArAMza yaha hai ki zAstra kA prayojana yaha batAne kA hai ki yadi Apa kI kAmanA amuka artha prApta karane kI hai to usakA sAdhana amuka kriyA hai / ataeva zAstra kriyA kA upadeza karatA hai / jisa ke anuSThAna se Apa kI phalecchA pUrNa ho sakatI hai / yaha mImAMsaka mata vidhivAda ke nAma se prasiddha bhI hai ataeva AcAryane dravyArthika naya ke eka bheda vyavahAra naya ke upabhedarUpa se vidhibhaMgarUpa prathama ara meM mImAMsaka ke isa mata ko sthAna diyA hai / isa arameM vijJAnavAda-anumAna kA nairarthakya Adi kaI prAraMbhika viSayoM kI bhI carcA kI gaI hai, kintu una sabake viSaya meM byorevAra likhane kA yaha sthAna nahIM hai / (2) dvitIya arake utthAna meM mImAMsaka ke ukta vidhivAda yA apauruSeya zAstradvArA kriyopadeza ke samarthana meM ajJAnavAda kA jo Azraya liyA gayA hai usameM truTi yaha dikhAI gaI 1 . yatnenAnumito'pyartha kuzalairanumAtRbhiH / abhiyuktatarairanyairanyathaivopapAdyate // ' -vAkyapadIya 1. 34.
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________________ saMskRti AcArya mallavAdI kA nayacakra / 205 hai ki yadi lokatattva puruSoM ke dvArA ajJeya hI hai to ajJAnavAda ke dvArA sAmAnya-vizeSAdi ekAntavAdoM kA jo khaNDana kiyA gayA vaha una tattvoM ko jAnakara yA binA jAne ! jAna kara kahane para svavacana virodha hai aura binA jAne to khaNDana ho kaise sakatA hai ! tattva ko jAnanA yaha yadi niSphala ho to zAstroM meM pratipAdita vastutattva kA pratiSedha ajJAnavAdIne jo kiyA vaha bhI kyoM ! zAstra kriyA kA upadeza karatA hai yaha mAna liyA jAya taba bhI jo saMsevya viSaya hai usake svarUpa kA jJAna to Avazyaka hI hai; anyathA iSTArtha meM pravRtti hI kaise hogI ! jisa prakAra yadi vaidya ko auSadhi ke rasa-vIrya-vipAkAdi kA jJAna na ho to vaha amuka roga meM amuka auSadhi kAryakara hogI yaha nahIM kaha sakatA vaise hI amuka yAga karane se svarga milegA yaha bhI binA jAne kaise kahA jA sakatA hai ! ata eva kAryakAraNa ke abhIndrIya sambandha ko koI jAnane vAlA ho taba hI vaha svargAdi ke sAdhanoM kA upadeza kara sakatA hai, anyathA nahIM / isa dRSTi se dekhA jAya to sAMkhyAdi zAstra yA mImAMsaka zAstra meM koI bheda nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / lokatattva kA anveSaNa karane para hI sAMkhya yA mImAMsaka zAstra kI pravRtti ho sakatI hai, anyathA nahIM / sAMkhya zAstra kI pravRtti ke lie jisa prakAra lokatattva kA anveSaNa Avazyaka hai usI prakAra kriyA kA upadeza dene ke lie bhI lokatattva kA anveSaNa Avazyaka hai / ata eva mImAMsaka ke dvArA ajJAnavAda kA Azraya le kara kriyA kA upadeza karanA anucita hai / 'agnihotraM juhuyAt svargakAmaH' isa vaidika vidhivAkya ko kriyopadezakarUpa se mImAMsakoM ke dvArA mAnA jAtA hai / kintu ajJAnavAda ke Azraya karane para kisI bhI prakAra se yaha vAkya vidhivAkya rUpa se siddha nahIM ho sakatA isakI vistRta carcA kI gaI hai| aura usa prasaMga meM satkAryavAda aura asatkAryavAda ke ekAnta meM bhI doSa diye gaye haiN| isa prakAra pUrva arameM pratipAdita ajJAnavAda aura kriyopadeza kA nirAkaraNa karake puruSAdvaita kI vastutattvarUpa se aura saba kAryoM ke kAraNarUpa se sthApanA dvitIya arameM kI gaI hai| isa puruSa ko hI AtmA, kAraNa, kArya aura sarvajJa siddha kiyA gayA hai / sAMkhyoM ke dvArA pravRtti ko jo sarvAtmaka kahA gayA thA usake sthAna meM puruSa ko hI sarvAtmaka siddha kiyA gayA hai / - isa prakAra ekAnta puruSakAraNavAda kI jo sthApanA kI gaI hai usakA AdhAra 'puruSa evedaM sarvaM yad bhUtaM yacca bhavyaM ' ityAdi zukla yajurveda ke mantra (31.2) ko batAyA gayA hai| aura anta meM kaha diyA gayA hai ki vaha puruSa hI tattva hai, kAla hai, pravRtti hai, svabhAva hai, niyati hai| itanA hI nahIM kintu devatA aura arhana bhI vahI hai| AcArya kA ajJAnavAda ke bAda puruSavAda rakhane kA tAtparya yaha jAna paDatA hai ki ajJAnavirodhI jJAna hai aura jJAna hI cetana AtmA hai, ataeva vahI puruSa hai| ataeva yahA~ ajJAnavAda ke bAda puruSavAda rakhA gayA hai-aisI saMbhAvanA kI jA sakatI hai|
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri smAraka-pratha darzana aura isa prakAra dvitIya ara meM vidhividhinaya kA prathama vikalpa puruSavAda jaba sthApita huA taba vidhividhinaya kA dUsarA vikalpa puruSavAda ke viruddha khar3A huA aura vaha hai niyati. vAda / niyativAda ke utthAna ke lie Avazyaka hai ki puruSavAda ke ekAnta meM doSa dikhAyA jAya / doSa yaha hai ki puruSa jJa aura sarvatantra-svatantra ho to vaha apanA aniSTa to kabhI kara hI nahIM sakatA hai, kintu dekhA jAtA hai ki manuSya cAhatA kucha aura hotA hai kucha aura / ata evaM sarva kAryoM kA kAraNa puruSa nahIM kintu niyati hai aisA mAnanA cAhiye / isI prakAra se uttarottara kramazaH khaNDana karake kAlavAda, svabhAvavAda aura bhAvavAda kA utthAna vidhividhinaya ke vikalparUpa se AcAryane dvitIya ara ke antargata kiyA hai| bhAvavAda kA tAtparya abhedavAda se-dravyavAda se hai| isa vAda kA utthAna bhagavatI ke nimna vAkya se mAnA gayA hai-kiM bhayavaM ! eke bhavaM, duve bhavaM, akkhae bhavaM, abae bhavaM, avahie bhavaM, aNegabhUtabhavamavie bhavaM ! somilA, eke vi ahaM duve vi ahaM...." ityAdi bhagavatI 18. 10. 647 / (3) dvitIya arameM advaitadRSTi se vibhinna carcA huI hai| advaita ko kisIne puruSa kahA to kisIne niyati Adi / kintu mUla tattva eka hI hai usake nAma meM yA svarUpa meM vivAda cAhe bhale hI ho kintu vaha tattva advaita hai yaha sabhI vAdiyoM kA mantavya hai / isa advaitatasva kA khAsa kara puruSAdvaita ke nirAsadvArA nirAkaraNa karake sAMkhyane puruSa aura prakRti ke dvaita ko tRtIya ara meM sthApita kiyA hai / kintu advaitakAraNavAda meM jo doSa the vaise hI doSoM kA avataraNa ekarUpa prakRti yadi nAnA kAryoM kA saMpAdana karatI hai to usameM bhI kyoM na ho yaha prazna sAMkhyoM ke samakSa bhI upasthita hotA hai / aura puruSAdvaitavAda kI taraha sAMkhyoM kA pradhAna kAraNavAda bhI khaNDita ho jAtA hai / isa prasaMga meM sAMkhyoM ke dvArA saMmata satkAryavAda meM asarakArya kI Apatti dI gaI hai aura sattva-rajas-tamas ke tathA sukha-duHkha-moha ke aikya kI bhI Apatti dI gaI hai / isa prakAra sAMkhyamata kA nirAsa karake prakRtivAda ke sthAna meM IzvaravAda sthApita kiyA hai / prakRti ke vikAra hote haiM yaha ThIka hai kintu una vikAroM ko karanevAlA koI na ho to vikAroM kI ghaTanA bana nahIM sktii| ata eva sarva kAryoM meM kAraNarUpa Izvara ko mAnanA Avazyaka hai / ___ isa IzvaravAda kA samarthana zvetAzvataropaniSad kI / eko vazI niSkriyANAM bahUnAme bIjaM bahudhA yaH karoti' ityAdi (6. 12) kArikA ke dvArA kiyA gayA hai| aura "duvihA paNNavaNA paNNatA-jIvapaNNavaNA, ajIvapaNNavaNA ca ( prajJApanA 1. 1 ) tathA kimidaM maMte /
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________________ saMskRi AcArya malavAdI kA nayacaka loti pacati ! goyamA ! jIvA ceva ajIvA ceva " ( sthAnAMga ) ityAdi Agrama vAkyoM se saMbaMdha jor3A gayA hai / (4) sarva prakAra ke kAryoM meM samartha Izvara kI AvazyakatA jaba sthApita huI taba AkSepa yaha huA kI Izvara kI AvazyakatA mAnya hai / kintu samagra saMsAra ke prANioM kA Izvara anya koI pRthagAtmA nahIM, kintu una prANioM ke karma hI Izvara haiM / karma ke kAspA hI jIva pravRtti karatA hai aura tadanurUpa phala bhogatA hai| karma Izvara ke adhIna nahIM / Izvaru karma ke adhIna hai / ataeva sAmarthya karma kA hI mAnanA cAhie, Izvara kA nhiiN| isa prakAra karmavAda ke dvArA IzvaravAda kA nirAkaraNa karake karmakA prAdhAnya cauthe ara meM sthApita kiyAgayA / yaha vidhiniyama kA prathama vikalpa hai / nmh dArzanikoM meM naiyAyika - vaizeSikoM kA Izvara kAraNavAda hai| usakA nirAsa anya sabhI karmavAdI darzana karate haiM / ata eva yahAM IzvaravAda ke viruddha karmavAda kA utthAna AcAryane sthApita kiyA hai / yaha karma bhI puruSa - karma samajhanA caahie| yaha spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai ki puruSa ke lie karma Adikara hai arthAt karma se puruSa kI nAnA avasthA hotI haiM aura karma ke lie puruSa Adikara hai / jo Adikara hai vahI kartA hai| yahAM karma aura AtmA kA bheda nahIM samajhanA caahie| AtmA hI karma hai aura karma hI AtmA hai / isa dRSTi se karma - kAraNatA kA. ekAnta aura puruSa yA puruSakAra kA ekAnta ye donoM ThIka nahIM- AcArya ne yaha spaSTa kara diyA hai / kyoM ki puruSa nahIM to karmapravRtti nahIM, aura karma nahIM to- puruSapravRtti nahIM / ataH eva ina donoM kA kartRtva paraspara sApekSa hai / eka pariNAmaka hai to dUsarA pariNAmI hai, ataH eva donoM meM aikya hai / isI dalIla se AcArya ne sarvekya siddha kiyA hai| AtmA, pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza Adi sabhI dravyoM kA aikya bhAvarUpa se siddha kiyA hai aura anta meM yuktibala se sarvasarvAtmakatA kA pratipAdana kiyA hai aura usake samarthana meM - ' je ekaNAme se bahunAme' ( AcArAMga 1. 3. 4 ) isa AgamavAkya ko uddhRta kiyA hai / isa arake prAraMbha meM Izvara kA nirAsa kiyA gayA aura karma kI sthApanA kI gaI / yaha karmaH hI bhAva hai, anya kucha nahIM - yaha aMtima niSkarSa hai / ( 5 ) cauthe ara meM vidhiniyamabhaMga meM karma arthAt bhAva arthAt kriyA ko jaba sthApita kiyA taba prazna honA svAbhAvika hai ki bhavana yA bhAva kisakA ? dravyazUnya kevala bhavana ho nahIM sakatA / kisI dravya kA bhavana yA bhAva hotA hai / ata eva dravya aura bhAva ina donoM ko artharUra svIkAra karanA Avazyaka hai; anyathA 'dravyaM bhavati' isa vAkya meM punarukti doSa hogA / isa naya kA tAtparya yaha hai ki dravya, aura kriyA kA tAdAtmya hai /
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________________ 200 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-tha parzana aura kriyA binA dravya nahIM aura dravya binA kriyA nhiiN| isa mata ko naigamAntargata kiyA gayA hai / naigamanaya dravyArthika naya hai| (6) isa ara meM dravya aura kriyA ke tAdAtmya kA nirAsa vaizeSika dRSTi se karake dravya aura kriyA ke bheda ko siddha kiyA gayA hai| itanA hI nahIM kintu guNa, sattAsAmAnya, samavAya Adi vaizeSika saMmata padArthoM kA nirUpaNa bhI bheda kA prAdhAnya mAna kara kiyA gayA hai / AcAryane isa dRSTi ko bhI naigamAntargata karake dravyArthika naya hI mAnA hai| prathama ara se lekara isa chaTe ara taka dravyArthika nayoM kI vicAraNA hai / aba Age ke naya paryAyArthika dRSTi se haiN| (7) vaizeSika prakriyA kA khaNDana RjusUtra naya kA Azraya lekara kiyA gayA hai| usameM vaizeSika saMmata sattAsaMbaMdha aura samavAya kA vistAra se nirasana hai aura anta meM apohavAda kI sthApanA hai / yaha apohavAda bauddhoM kA hai| (8) apohavAda meM doSa dikhA kara vaiyAkaraNa bhartRhari kA zabdAdvaita sthApita kiyA gayA hai / jaina paribhASA ke anusAra yaha cAra nikSepoM meM nAmanikSepa hai| jisa ke anusAra vastu nAmamaya hai, tadatirikta usakA kucha bhI svarUpa nahIM / __isa zabdAdvaita ke viruddha jJAna pakSa ko rakhA hai / aura kahA gayA hai ki pravRtti aura nivRtti jJAna ke binA asaMbhava hai / zabda to jJAna kA sAdhana mAtra hai / ataeva zabda nahIM kintu jJAna pradhAna hai / vahAM bhartRhari aura unake guru vasurAta kA bhI khaNDana hai / __ jJAnavAda ke viruddha sthApanA nikSepa kA nirviSayaka jJAna hotA nahIM-isa yukti se utthAna hai| zAbda bodha jo hogA usakA viSaya kyA mAnA jAya ! jAti yA apoha ! prastuta meM sthApanA nikSepa ke dvArA apohavAda kA khaNDana karake jAti kI sthApanA kI gaI hai| ... (9) jAtivAda ke viruddha vizeSavAda aura vizeSavAda ke viruddha jAtivAda kA utthAna hai; ata eva vastu sAmAnyaikAnta yA vizeSakAntarUpa hai aisA nahIM kahA jA sakatA / vaha avaktavya hai / isake samarthana meM nimna Agama vAkya uddhRta kiyA hai-" imANaM rayaNappamA puvIr3ha AtA no AtA : goyamA! appaNo AdiDhe AtA, parassa AdiDhe vo AtA tadubhayassa AdiDhe avattavaM // " (10) isa avaktavyavAda ke vipakSa meM samabhirUDha naya kA Azraya lekara baudbhadRSTi se kahA gayA ki dravyotpatti guNarUpa hai anya kucha nhiiN| milinda prazna kI paribhASA meM kahA jAya to svataMtra ratha kucha nahIM rathAMgoM kA hI astitva hai| rathAMga hI ratha hai arthAt dravya jaisI koI svataMtra vastu nahIM guNa hI guNa haiM / isI vastu kA samarthana senA aura bana ke dRSTAntoM dvArA bhI kiyA gayA hai|
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________________ saMskRti AcArya mallavAdI kA nayacakra / 209 isa samabhirUDha kI carcA meM kahA gayA hai ki eka-eka naya ke zata-zata bheda hote haiM, tadanusAra samabhirUDha ke bhI sau bheda hue| unameM se yaha guNa samabhirUDha eka hai| guNasamabhi. rUDha ke bhI vidhi Adi bAraha bheda haiN| unameM se yaha niyamavidhi nAmaka guNa samabhirUDha hai| isa naya kA nirgama Agama ke-" kaI vihe NaM bhante ! bhAvaparamANu panate ! goyamA ! caubihe paNNate-vaNNavante, gaMdhavaMte, phAsavaMte rasavaMte " isa vAkya se hai| (11) samabhirUDha kA mantavya guNotpatti se thaa| taba usake viruddha evaMbhUta kA utthAna huA / usakA kahanA hai ki utpatti hI vinAza hai| kyoMki vastumAtra kSaNika haiN| yahAM bauddhasaMmata nirhetuka vinAzavAda ke Azraya se sarvarUpAdi vastu kI kSaNikatA siddha kI gaI hai aura pradIpazikhA ke dRSTAnta se vastu kI kSaNikatA kA samarthana kiyA gayA hai| (12) evaMbhUta nayane jaba yaha kahA ki jAti-utpatti hI vinAza hai, taba usake viruddha kahA gayA ki-" jAtireva hi bhAvAnAmanAze heturiSyate" arthAt sthitivAda kA utthAna kSaNikavAda ke viruddha isa ara meM hai / ata eva kahA gayA ki-" sarvepyakSaNikA bhAvAH kSaNikAnAM kutaH kriyA / " yahAM AcAryane isa naya ke dvArA yaha pratipAdita karAyA hai ki pUrva naya ke vaktAne RSiyoM ke vAkyoM kI dhAraNA ThIka nahIM kI; ata eva jahAM anAza kI bAta thI vahAM usane nAza samajhA aura akSaNika ko kSaNika samajhA / isa prakAra vinAza ke viruddha jaba sthitivAda hai aura sthitivAda ke viruddha jaba kSaNikavAda hai, taba utpatti aura sthiti na kaha kara zUnyavAda kA hI Azraya kyoM na liyA jAya yaha AcArya nAgArjuna ke pakSa kA utthAna hai| isa zUnyavAda ke viruddha vijJAnavAdI bauddhoMne apanA pakSa rakhA aura vijJAnavAda kI sthApanA kI / vijJAnavAda kA khaNDana phira zUnyavAda kI dalIloM se kiyA gyaa| aura syAdvAda ke Azraya se vastu ko asti aura nAstirUpa siddha karake zUnyavAda ke viruddha puruSAdi vAdoM kI sthApanA karake usakA nirAsa kiyA gayA / aura isa arake anta meM kahA gayA ki vAdoM kA yaha cakra calatA hI rahatA hai| kyoM ki puruSAdi vAdoM kA bhI nirAsa pUrvokta krama se hogA hii| mallavAdI kA samaya AcArya mallavAdI ke samaya ke bAre meM eka gAthA ke alAvA anya koI sAmagrI milatI nhiiN| kintu nayacakra ke aMtara kA adhyayana usa sAmagrI kA kAma de sakatA hai / nayacakra kI uttarAvadhi to nizcita ho hI sakatI hai aura pUrvAvadhi bhii| eka ora dignAga hai jinakA ullekha nayacakra meM hai aura dUsarI ora kumArila aura dharmakIrti ke ullekhoM kA abhAva hai je
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________________ 210 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura nayacakra mUla to kyA, kintu usakI siMhagaNikRta vRtti se bhI siddha hai / AcArya samantabhadra kA samaya sunizcita nahIM, ata eva unake ullekhoM kA donoM meM abhAva yahAM vizeSa sAdhaka nahIM / AcArya siddhasena kA ullekha donoM meM hai / vaha bhI nayacakra ke samaya-nirdhAraNa meM upayogI hai| ___AcArya dignAga kA samaya vidvAnoM ne I0 345-125 ke AsapAsa mAnA hai| arthAt vikrama saM0402-482 hai| AcArya siMhagaNi jo nayacakra ke TIkAkAra haiM apohavAda ke samarthaka bauddha vidvAnoM ke lie 'adyatanabauddha ' vizeSaNa kA prayoga karate haiN| usase sUcita hotA hai ki dignAga jaise bauddha vidvAn sirpha mallavAdI ke hI nahIM, kintu siMhagaNi ke bhI samakAlIna hai| yahA~ dignAgottarakAlIna bauddha vidvAn to vivakSita ho hI nahIM sakate; kyoM ki kisI dignAgocarakAlIna bauddha kA mata mUla yA TIkA meM nahIM hai / adyatanabauddha ke lie siMhagaNi ne 'vidvan manya' aisA vizeSaNa bhI diyA hai / usase yaha cita bhI hotA hai ki 'AjakAla ke ye naye bauddha Ane ko vidvAn to samajhate haiM, kintu haiM nahIM' / samagra rUpa se- vidvanmanyAyatana bauddha ' zabda se yaha artha bhI nikala sakatA hai ki mallavAdI aura dignAga kA samakAlInatva to hai hI, sAtha hI mallavAdI una naye bauddhoM ko siMhagaNi ke anusAra 'chokare' samajhate haiN| arthAt samakAlIna hote hue bhI mallavAdI vRddha haiM aura dignAga yuvA / isa carcA ke prakAza meM paraMparAprApta gAthA kA vicAra karanA jarUrI hai| vijayasiMhasUripabaMdha meM eka gAthA meM likhA hai ki vIra saM. 884 meM mallavAdI ne bauddhoM ko hraayaa| arthAt vikrama 414 meM yaha ghaTanA ghaTI / isase itanA to anumAna ho sakatA hai ki vikrama 414 meM mallavAdI vidyamAna the| AcArya dignAga ke samakAlIna mallavAdI the yaha to hama pahale kaha cuke hI haiM / ata eva dignAga ke samaya vikrama 402-482 ke sAtha jaina paraMparA dvArA saMmata mallavAdI ke samaya kA koI virodha nahIM hai aura isa dRSTi se 'mallavAdI vRddha aura dignAga yuvA' isa kalpanA meM bhI virodha kI saMbhAvanA nahIM / AcArya siddhasena kI uttarAvidhi vikrama pAMcavI zatAbdI mAnI jAtI hai| mallavAdI ne AcArya siddhasena kA ullekha kiyA hai / ata eva ina donoM AcAryoM ko bhI samakAlIna mAnA jAya taba bhI visaMgati nhiiN| isa prakAra AcArya dignAga, siddhasena aura mallavAdI ye tInoM AcArya samakAlIna mAne jAMya to unake adyAvadhi sthApita samaya meM koI virodha nahIM aataa|| vastutaH naya cakra ke ullekhoM ke prakAza meM ina AcAryoM ke samaya kI punarvicAraNA apekSita hai; kintu abhI itane se santoSa kiyA jAtA hai / 1 nayacakaTIkA pR0 19-"vidvanmanyAdyatanabauddhaparikluptam' 1 prabhAvaka caritra-munizrI kalyANavijayajI kA anuvAda pR. 35, 42 /
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________________ jainadarzana mahAtmA bhagavAnadInajI darzana para lekhanI uThAne se pahile maiM do-eka bAta sApha kara denA cAhatA hUM / darzana ke pahile kisI taraha kA koI zabda nahIM jor3anA caahie| jaise 'jaina AdamI ' kAnoM ko khaTakatA hai, vaise hI 'jainadarzana ' kAna ko khaTakanA cAhiye / darzana to darzana hI hai / use jitanA baMdhanamukta rakkhA jAya, utanA hI vaha phalegA - phUlegA / darzana para koI kucha likhe, aura usa lekha meM Aja taka saba darzanoM kA nicor3a na Aye - aisA ho hI nahIM sakatA / apar3ha se apar3ha AdamI ke mastaka meM Aja taka ke saba darzana bIja rUpa se maujUda haiN| yaha hI hAla tarkavidyA kA hai| hara AdamI hara roja thor3A bahuta apane andara bIja rUpa se baiThe darzana aura tarka se kAma letA rahatA hai / pAgala taka kA apanA darzana aura apanA tarka hotA hai / darzana ke binA AdamI kA jIvana dUbhara ho jAyasamAja meM rahane ke yogya hI na raha jAya / darzana kI bAlyAvasthA kitanI hI haMsI ur3Ane yogya kyoM na ho, para vaha hai Aja taka ke darzana kI jar3a / usase inkAra karanA yA usakI khillI ur3AnA apanI khillI ur3AnA hai / na jAne kyoM ? AdamI apanI asaliyata chipAne kA abhyAsI bana gayA hai| kauna javAna aura kauna bUr3hA aisA hai jisake andara usakA bAlakapana jyoM kA tyoM maujUda na ho / para koI bhI use AsAnI se mAna kara na degA / jo bUr3hA dUsarA bAlakapana yoM hI nahIM nAma pA gayA / bar3I mahenata kA phala hai| jo bUr3hApe meM bAlaka banA rahatA hai vaha hI jJAnI hai, vaha hI parama jJAnI ho sakatA hai| nahIM to bAlakapana bhulAkara bUr3hA saTayA jAyagA aura anDa - Es bolane lagegA | dArzanika ko bAlaka kIsI bAta karane dIjiye / agara Apa rokeMge to ToTe meM raheMge / aura samAja ko bhI bar3A ghATA hogA / ghUMghaTa meM jaise bahU beTIpane ko sasurAla meM chipAye rakha sakatI hai, para na bhUla sakatI hai, na kho sakatI hai, na miTA sakatI hai / pihara meM jAkara vaha phira aise hI Upara utarane lagatA hai, jaise pAnI ke nIce dabAkara rakkhI huI tUmbI dAba haTane para Upara utarAne lagatI hai / ThIka isI taraha bAlyakAlIna darzana svAdhIna hokara aise khila uThatA hai aura aisI ur3Ana lene lagatA hai, jaise piMjar3e ke andara kA pakSI piMjar3e se bAhara hokara / ( 31 )
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha darzana aura " darzana ' AdamI kI isa zaMkA kA javAba hai ki 'maiM kyA hU~ ! yaha jagata kyA hai ! isa jagata meM merA kyA sthAna hai ?' ityAdi / ina zaMkAoM ke javAba meM jitane AdamiyoM ke jitane uttara mileMge ve tathya meM eka hote hue bhI vistAra meM itane bhinna mileMge ki hara koI AdamI unake eka hone para vizvAsa hI nahIM kara sakate / 212 vRkSa ke pIr3a, guddhe, DAlI, patte, kalI, phala, bIja sabhI to eka haiN| para haraeka ke liye nahIM / vRkSa kI ina bhinnatAoM para eka hone kA kisI na kisI taraha vizvAsa karAyA jA sakatA hai, para kisI gale yaha bAta utAranI kitanI kaThina hai ki per3a, paudhe, pazu, pakSI, nara, nArI, nabha, pAtAla saba eka haiN| mAnanA ho to mAnanA / isa bAta ko koI sunakara bhI nahIM degA | Aja duniyAM isa anokhe tathya ko suna letI hai aura sahana kara letI hai / isakA yahI matalaba hai ki vaha isako itanA hI asasya samajhatI hai, jitanA kahAnI meM pazu-pakSI to kyA IMTa-patthara taka kA bolanA / darzana kI pahuMca bahuta gaharI hotI hai / para darzana - sAgara kI gaharAI ko sAmane rakha kara use bahuta hI uthalI kahanA par3egA / AdamI ke mastaka kI DolacI sAta sAgara se pAnI Akhira le hI kitanA sakatI hai ? jaise gilaharI kA muMha eka TeMTa se bhara jAtA hai, vaise hI AdamI ke mastaka kI DolacI eka loTA jJAna-jala se bhara jAtI hai / " gAgara maiM sAgara ' kI kahAvata prasiddha hai / isakA kahIM yaha matalaba na samajha baiThanA. ki gAgara meM sAgara samA gayA / ' piNDe brahmANDa ' kA yaha artha na samajhanA ki piNDa meM brahmANDa samAyA huA hai / basa isakA itanA hI artha samajhanA cAhiye ki jahAM taka AdamI kI pahuMca hai usake liye gAgara kA jala aura piNDa kA brahmANDa hI kAphI haiM / asala meM dekhA jAya to hara vyakti dArzanika hai; para kisI eka ke yaha hI akelA kAma supurda karake usako dArzanika kaha kara pujavA denA dUsarI bAta hai / para yaha koI bUrI bAta nahI hai / bUrI bAta to yaha hai ki usako yaha samajha baiThanA ki usane jo kucha kahA hai vaha kisI aura jagaha hai hI nahIM / jo kucha usane kahA hai vaha hI ThIka hai, zeSa saba galata / vaha hI pramANa hai, dUsarA koI nahIM / vaha itanA kaha gayA hai ki aba kucha kahane ke liye hI nahIM rahA / ityAdi / ina bAtoM ke sAtha-sAtha yaha bAta taka bhUlA dI jAtI hai ki vaha dArzanika bhI hama jaisA AdamI raha cukA hai| aura usa dArzanika meM bhI AdamI kA bAlakapana isI taraha se jIvita hai, jaise hama saba meM / isa asaliyata ke bhUlA dene se samAja ko behada nukasAna huA hai|
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________________ saMskRti jaindrshn| 213 aura jisa dazena ne samAja ko eka karane ke liye janma liyA thA usane usako aneka kara dIyA / bahuta dinoM taka darzanoM kI ginatI cha yAni tIna ke dugune cha thI, para aba to vaha ginatI bar3ha rahI hai aura isI hisAba se samAja meM bhedabhAva bar3hatA jA rahA hai| - hama Upara kaha Aye haiM ki darzana, ' maiM kyA hUM' jaise-savAloM kA javAba hai / para 'maiM kyA hUM' yaha savAla mAmUlI savAla nhiiN| zurU ke AdamI meM itanI tAkata hI na thI ki vaha aise savAla uThA sake / aise savAla to prANI kI lAkhoM varSa kI mehanata kA phala hai| zurU meM to AdamI lar3anA, maranA hI jAnatA thaa| DaratA, DarAtA bhI khUba thaa| aba darzana kI utpatti bhaya se raha jAtI hai / 'darzana kamala ' DarakI kIcar3a se ugA hai| jisa taraha bar3e se bar3e AviSkAra ke siddhAnta meM mAmUlI sI bAta rahatI hai, vaise hI U~ce se U~ce vicAra kI taha meM bahuta mAmUlI bAta hI rahA karatI hai| mAmUlI bAta meM hI vicAraka kI mahAn zakti chipI dikhAI detI hai / aNu kI tucchatA kA kucha ThikAnA hai ! para usI tuccha meM chipI kitanI mahAn zakti milI ! kisI eka mAmUlI sI bAta ko lekara eka nayA darzana khar3A kiyA jA sakatA hai| jaise satya hI Izvara, tApa hI parama tatva hai, kucha nahIM meM hI saba kucha samAyA huA hai, jo hai vaha miTa nahIM sakatA, jo nahIM hai vaha paidA nahIM ho sakatA, janma-maraNa hai hI nahIM, AtmA kA kucha bigar3atA hI nahIM, saba brahma hI brahma hai, AtmA jJAtA hai-kartA nhiiN| ityaadi| darzanazAstra ke vistAra ke liye vidyA kI itanI jarUrata nahIM jitanI lagana aura abhyAsa kI hai / vicAra svAdhInatA kalpanA kabUtarI ko jagaha detI hai aura phira kohare se AveSTita jagaha meM Age bar3hane se rAha milatI hI hai, vaise hI darzana-patha meM kadama bar3hatA hI hai| jisa taraha AviSkAroM ke kartA na mahApaNDita the-na paNDita, vaise hI darzanakAra bhI jyAdA par3he-likhe na the / abhyAsa se jJAnI aura mahAjJAnI bane the| darzana ke siddhAnta paMDitoM aura mahApaMDito ke hAthoM meM par3a kara jaTila se jaTilatara aura jaTilatama aura gUDha se gUDhatara aura gUr3hatama bana jAte haiN| jaba ki vaha hI jJAnI ke hAthoM meM par3a kara sarala se saralatara aura saralatama bana jAte haiM / aisA kyoM hotA hai ! isakA javAba sIdhA hai / paMDita par3hatA hai aura par3hatA hai, par3he hue ko hI vicAratA hai, pothI ke patroM meM hI vicaratA hai; jaba ki apar3ha cAhe ana cAhe prakRti ke andara hI paiThatA hai aura rahasya sAgara meM DubakI lagA kara sIpiyoM se apanI jholI bhara lAtA hai| jJAnI ke sAmane darzana aise A maujUda hotA hai aura satya aise darzana dene lagatA hai, jaise hAtha para rakkhA huA AMvalA yA kalAI para pahanA huA kaMgana / yaha kitanA bar3A antara hai / /
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha darzana aura jisa taraha purAne bane hue kile meM Aja kI jarUrata ke khyAla se saiMkaDoM kamiyAM kahI jA sakatI haiM, para unako banAne vAlekI bhUla nahIM kahA jA sakatA; vaise hI purAne darzana graMthoM meM unako Aja kI vijJAna kI kasauTI para kasane para kucha kamiyAM mila sakatI haiM, para unheM bhUla nahIM kahA jA sakatA / aura phira ye kamiyAM mUla siddhAnta meM nahIM hoMgI - vistRta vyAkhyA meM mileMgI / udAharaNa ke taura para AdamI kA deha le liijiye| jaba taka aNu kI yaha paribhASA mAnI gaI ki aNu padArtha kA vaha choTe se choTA hissA hai jisake phira Tukar3e nahIM ho sakate, taba taka manuSya deha meM bahuta hI kama pola thii| aisA mAlUma hotA thA ki AdamI kA deha Thosa hI Thosa hai / Aja bhI mAmUlI AdamI lohe ke manoTe ko bahuta Thosa hI samajhegA, para vijJAnI use ekadama polA kaha rahe haiN| aba AdamI kI pola kA kahIM ThikAnA hai ! aba agara AtmA manuSya deha ke Thosa bhAga meM hI rahatA hai to manuSya ko dabA kara kitanA choTA kiyA jA sakatA hai, isakA anumAna bhI purAne paMDita nahIM lagA sakate / aba se saiMkaDoM varSa pahile yaha bAta AsAnI se kahI jA sakatI thI ki mukta AtmA kA AkAra apane carmazarIra se kiMcit Una hotA hai, aura yaha bAta ThIka kahI gaI thii| una dinoM koI isakA khaMDana nahIM kara sakatA thA / para yaha koI siddhAnta kI bAta na thI / yaha thA paMDitoM kA vistaar| isa vistAra ko dhakkA lagane se AtmA kA kucha banatA bigar3atA nahIM / vaha to jaisA hai vaisA banA rahegA / aba mukta AtmA kA vaha svarUpa mAna liyA jAyagA jo Aja kI kasauTI para ThIka utaregA / Aja kI kasauTI AdamI kI deha meM itanI pola batAtI hai ki usako agara dabA kara Thosa banAyA jAya to vaha rAI ke dAne jitanI bhI nahIM raha jAyagI / aura tola meM utanI hI hogI jitanA vaha AdamI hogaa| yAni Der3ha-do mana / lohe ke manoTe kA bhI yahI hAla hogA / aba Aja ke mukta AtmA kA AkAra itanA choTA raha jAyagA ki use kisI taraha bhI vedI para virAjamAna karake darzakoM ko dikhAyA na jA skegaa| isa khojane siddhAnta ko dhakkA nahIM pahuMcAyA, satya kA kucha nahIM bigAr3A - siddhAnta aura satya para se bhrama kA eka AvaraNa haTA diyA | siddhAnta aura satya aba bhI nirAvaraNa hue haiM yA nahIM yaha patA nahIM / 214 jise jainadarzana kahA jAtA hai Aja usakI koI bAta aisI nahIM hai jo sArI duniyAM meM naM phaila gaI ho| vaha jainoM ke liye bhale hI sAla ke kucha dina kI cIja ho yA duniyAM ke vijJAniyoM meM jainadarzana nAma se pukAre jAnevAle sAre siddhAnta Aye dina kI cIja bane hue haiN| hIre ko amukacanda tijorI meM rakha kara alabhya cIja kaha sakate haiM aura seThAnIjI aura rAnI hIre ke gahane ko gale meM DAla kara iThalAtI huI cala sakatI haiN| seTha usako kaNThe kA bojhA banA sakate haiN| rAjA use mukuTa meM jar3a kara aura mukuTa pahana kara apane ko bar3A
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________________ saMskRti jaindrshn| 215 samajha sakate haiM, para vijJAniyoM kI najara meM hIrA mazInoM kI dhurI kI cUla banane ke yogya hai| aura Aja usakA yaha upayoga ho rahA hai| zIzA kATane kA kalama hIre kA banA hotA hai| ThIka isI taraha mandiroM meM baMda siddhAnta, granthoM ke siddhAnta jagaha-jagaha bikhare hue mileMge aura kAma meM Ate hue mileNge| eka dina eka grejueTa sAdhu hama se Akara mile| vaha rUsa, briTAniyA aura amerikA dhUme hue the| videziyoM kI bar3I tArIpha karate hue bole, " eka mahAn paMDitane hameM eka anokhA aura gajaba kA siddhAnta btaayaa|" maiM pUcha baiThA, " vaha kyA thA?" bole, "vaha hai yahamAnanA, jAnanA aura krnaa| saphalatA kA yahI nicor3a hai|" maiM unakI bAta suna kara muskaayaa| muskarAhaTa jaldI hI haMsI kA rUpa le baitthii| ve bigaDa kara bole, "Apa ise choTI bAta samajhate haiM! aise siddhAnta bar3I mehanata aura anubhava se hAtha Ate haiN|" maiM bolA, " maiM isa liye nahIM haMsA ki Apane koI mAmUlI bAta kahI, maiM to yoM haMsA ki maiM aba taka ise mAmUlI bAta samajhatA rahA / bAraha barasa kI umara se mere mAM bApa mujhe yaha hI raTAte rhe| yaha hindustAna kA bahuta purAnA siddhAnta hai / yaha kaha kara maiMne unako samyag darzana, jJAna, cAritravAlA sUtra par3ha kara sunA diyA / ve use suna kara pahile to khilakhilA kara ha~se aura phira saumya caharA banA kara bole, " phira bhArata itane dina gulAma kyoM rahA !" bAta AI-gaI ho gii| darzanasUtra tAle meM banda karake rakkhe nahIM jA sakate / ye to eka bAra kisI ke muMha se nikale ki sArI duniyAM meM phaile / ina meM yaha siphata hai ki ye duniyAM ke hara hisse meM phala-phUla sakate haiM aura vaTa vRkSa kI taraha bahuta bar3e hisse para chA sakate haiN| jaina darzanakAra nAma se pukAre jAnevAle riSiyoMne apane samaya meM yaha koziza kI ki ve darzana viSaya para itanA likha jAya ki kucha likhane ko na raha jAya / aba suniye unhoMne kyA kiyaa| unhoMne sAre akSara liye aura hisAba lagA kara yaha dekhA ki ina akSaroM se kitane zabda bana sakate haiM to unhoMne utane hI zabda taiyAra kara liye / jaba unheM yaha mAlUma ho gayA to usI hisAba se grantha raca ddaale| ye grantha milate nahIM haiM yaha dUsarI bAta hai; para unake likhe jAne kA hAla jarUra milatA hai| itanA hone para bhI yaha bAta unakI najara se raha gaI ki naI-naI dhvaniyAM bhI bana sakatI haiM, unake liye naye akSara bhI gar3he jA sakate haiN| hUsva aura dIrgha svara ke bIca meM eka se jyAdA aura bhI AvAjeM ho sakatI haiN| phira bhI jo kucha unhoMne kiyA vaha itane mArke kA jarUra hai ki Aja ke vidvAnoM ko mI unake prathaloM kI kahAnI suna kara dAMtoM tale aMgulI dAbanI par3atI hai|
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________________ 216 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura . aura suniye, samaya kA vibhAjana karake ve isa natIje para pahuMce ki saMsAra meM samaya kI apekSA cAra aura kevala cAra hI taraha kI cIjeM ho sakatI haiN| (1) ve jo hamezA se haiM aura hamezA taka rheNgii| (2) ve jo hamezA se haiM, para hamezA taka nahIM rheNgii| (3) ve jo zurU to huI haiM, para hamezA taka banI rheNgii| (4) ve jo zuru hotI haiM aura hamezA taka nahIM rhtiiN| ina cAroM ke zAstrIya nAma haiM (1) anAdiananta (2) anAdisAnta (3) sAdiananta (4) sAdisAnta / aba inake udAharaNa lIjiye / (1)jIva (2) jIva aura karma kA sambandha ( 3 ) mukti (4) karma kA paricaya / ___ jaina darzanakAroM ko yaha siddhAnta mAnya thA ki na kucha se kuchanahIM paidA ho sakatA / jo kucha hai vaha naSTa nahIM ho sakatA / isIko yoM bhI kahA jA sakatA hai-nayA paidA nahIM hotA, purAnA miTatA nahIM / Aja taka ke vijJAna kI kasauTI para yaha siddhAnta kharA samajhA jAtA hai| kisI ko isase inkAra nahIM / ___ badalatA rahanA hI banA rahatA hai| vaha siddhAnta bhI Aja taka sarvamAnya hai / rUsa isa siddhAnta para bahuta jora detA hai / isako thor3A khola kara rakhanA hogaa| badalate rahane ke siddhAnta ke AdhAra para yaha bAta AsAnI se kahI jA sakatI hai ki hara cIja hara kSaNa badalatI rahatI hai / dIpaka kI jyota to yahA~ taka siddha karatI dikhAI detI hai ki jo jyota isa kSaNa hai, vaha dUsare kSaNa hai hI nhiiN| kyoM ki dUsare kSaNa kI jyota meM nayA tela jala rahA hai / vaha tela nahIM jo pahile jala rahA thaa| sinemA kI philmane to isa siddhAnta kI tasvIra khIMca kara rakha dii| sinemA ke khela meM pratyeka kSaNa nayA citra AtA hai| usase pahilA calA jAtA hai| ina badalAvoM ke nAma zAstrIya rakha diye gye| ve ye haiM (1) utpAda (2) vyaya (3) dravya / inhIM tIna guNa ke nAma citrakalA kI bolI meM haiM-brahmA, maheza, viSNu / inhIM ko lekara purANa khar3e ho gye| basa nicor3a itanA hai ki hara cIja meM hara samaya eka hI sAtha tInoM hAlateM maujUda-kucha banate rahanA, kucha bigar3ate rahanA aura phira bhI aTala bane rhnaa| udAharaNa ke liye kumbhakAra ke cAka para kI miTTI ko lIjiye / vaha zurU meM miTTI kA lauMdA hai / vaha hI lauMdA apane lauMdapane ko miTAtA jAtA hai, ghar3e ko paidA karatA jAtA hai aura miTTIpane ko aTala rakhatA hai| ye aise satya haiM ki svayaMsiddha haiN| kisI tarka kI apekSA nahIM rakhate / inase koI inkAra bhI kaise kara sakatA hai| para yaha kahanA ki kisI eka AdamIne ina saba ko kisI khAsa samaya meM soca DAlA-bAta itanI bar3hA kara kahanA hai ki vaha satya kI koTI ko lAMgha jAtI hai| aneka kI, aneka varSa
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________________ saMskRti jainadarzana / 217 kI, aneka taraha kI kozizoM kA hI phala hai ki mAnava-samAja isa sacAI taka phuNcaa| hara eka cIja aneka guNavAlI hai| isa para eka pahalU se hI vicAra nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| aneka pahaluoM se hI vicAra karanA hogaa| yaha eka nayA siddhAnta hai jo jaina darzanakAroM ko mAnya hai / isIkA nAma hai ' anekAnta ' / isa siddhAnta ke samajha lene se vAda-vivAda kA mahala isa taraha Dhaha jAtA hai, jisa taraha bAla ke TIle para khar3A makAna / isa siddhAnta kA nAma jhagar3A-phaisala-siddhAnta bhI rakkhA jA sakatA hai| yaha dUsarI bAta hai ki logoMne isako tAU-jhagaDU banA rakkhA hai| isIse milatA, julatA jainadarzanakAroM kA 'nayavAda' bhI hai, jisakA nAma hai 'syAdvAda' jo saptabhatI naya ke nAma se mazahUra hai / saMskRta ke syAt zabda kA artha hotA hai, zAyada / isI zAyada ko lekara, 'hai aura nahIM' ke melase sAta rUpa banA liye gaye haiM / isakA nicor3a itanA hI hai ki pratyeka vastu kA svarUpa ThIka nahIM kahA jA sakatA-avaktavya hai / aura hakikata hai hI aisI / hara kSaNa badalatI duniyAM ko ThIka rUpa meM pakar3anA muzkila hI nahIM, asambhava hai / saptabhaGgI naya para eka svatantra grantha likha diyA gayA hai / __jaina darzanakAra ko yaha bAta svIkAra nahIM ki kisI eka Izvarane isa jagata ko banAyA hai| isa sIdhI-sAdhI bAta kI asvIkRti sira or3ha kara jainadarzanakArane eka Aphata sira para lelii| ____ makAna girAnA AsAna hai; para apanI marajI ke mAphika dUsarA makAna khar3A karanA kAma hai, aura muzkila kAma hai| Izvara kA khaNDana koI bhI kara sakatA hai| para Izvara ke vinA jaga kI racanA kI yojanA to hara koI taiyAra nahIM kara sakatA / Izvara kA khaNDana jainoM ke maidAna meM Ane se pahile ho cukA thA aura jagat kI choTI-moTI yojanA bhI taiyAra ho cukI thI; para vaha itanI vistRta nahIM thI ki ApakI aura merI samajha meM A jAya / isaliye vaha phaila na pAI / jainadarzanakAroMne khUba hI Izvara kA maNDana kiyA aura dugune jorase usakA khaNDana kiyA aura caugunA jora lagAkara naI yojanA khar3I kara dI aura Izvara ke binA duniyAM ko banAkara dikhA diyA aura duniyAM meM nirbandhazAhI bhI nahIM hone dii| rAjA nahIM aura arAjakatA bhI nahIM-yaha camatkAra nahIM to aura kyA hai ! rAjakArI kSetra meM jo lokazAhI hai, dhArmika kSetra meM vaha hI lokazAhI paidA kara dii| karmasiddhAnta taiyAra karake Izvara kI jarUrata kA anta kara diyaa| Izvara jaba thA, thA to vaha taba bhI AdamI se gaddI pAyA huA rAjA ! para jainadarzanakAroMne to eka Izvara kI jagaha aneka Izvara khar3e kara diye haiM / rUsiyoM kI taraha presiDenTa kI jagaha prIsiDiyama banA diyaa| yAni pramukha kI jagaha
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha darzana aura pramukhAyata khar3I kara dii| jaise paMca se paMcAyata, vaise hI pramukhoM kI prmukhaayt| yAda rahe, jainadarzana meM sarapaMca ko koI sthAna nhiiN| hAM, to aba jagata cha dravyoM kA banA raha gayA / AkAza, kAla, dharma, adharma, jIva, pudgala / ina chahoM ko do bhAgoM meM bhI bA~TA jA sakatA haijIva aura ajIva / 218 jagata ko Ajakala ke vijJAniyoM kI taraha adhUrA nahIM chor3a diyaa| usakI bhI hada - baMdhI kara dI / usakA AkAra hai Der3ha Dumaru jaisA / arthAt eka Dumaru ke Upara dUsarA Dumaru rakha diyA jAya aura UparavAlA Dumaru AdhA kATa DAlA jAya to dikhAI denevAle jagat kA AkAra bana jAyagA / isako jyAdA vistAra se samajhAne kI jarUrata nahIM / kyoM ki yaha lambA-caur3A viSaya hai aura yahAM jarUrI bAteM kahanA jarUrI hai / Upara batAye hue cha dravyoM meM se AkAza aura kAla ko saba jAnate haiN| jIva va pudgala (jar3a) se bhI saba paricita haiM / dharmAdharma pAribhASika zabda haiM / jainadarzanakAroM kA dharmadravya Ajakala ke vijJAniyoM ke Ithara se kucha-kucha mela khAtA hai aura dharmadravya eka aisI adRzya zakti hai jo sAre jagat meM phailI huI hai aura jo jar3a cetana ke gamanAgamana meM sahAyaka hotI hai / adharmadravya bhI eka adRzya zakti hai jo sAre jagat meM phailI huI hai aura jar3acetana ke Thaharane meM sahAyaka hotI hai / yaha dhyAna rahe ki dharmadravya sar3aka kI taraha na kisI ko calAne kI preraNA karatA hai, na adharma dravya sarAya kI taraha yA dharmazAlA kI taraha kisI ko usameM A Tikane ke liye kahatA hai| jar3a, cetana apane Apa gatimAna hote aura Thaharate haiM / ye chahoM dravya anAdi-ananta haiM / ye haiM jainadarzanakAroM ke darzana kI mUla / isI mUla para jagat kA vRkSa khar3A hai aura saba kAma anAdikAla se cala rahA hai aura anantakAla taka calatA rahegA / isa saba kA varNana vistAra ke sAtha to lekha meM likhA nahIM jA sakatA / isake liye to grantha aura pranthoM kI hI AvazyakatA hogii| para jinakI darzana meM paiTha hai aura jinakI darzana meM ruci hai, ve isa bAnagI se kucha na kucha jarUra samajha leMge / aura agara unameM jijJAsA jAga gaI to ve jaina granthoM se yA kisI jAnakAra se vistArapUrvaka jAna bhI leMge / ityalam /
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________________ utsarga aura apavAda upAdhyAya, kaviratna zrI amaracandrajI mahArAja jaina dharma kI sAdhanA manojaya kI sAdhanA hai / vItarAgabhASita pantha meM sAdhanA kA lakSya hai-manogata vikAroM ko jiitnaa| manovijetA jagato vijetA-yaha jainadharma kI sAdhanA kA mukhya sUtra hai / jainadharma kI sAdhanA-vidhivAda ke atireka aura niSedhavAda ke atireka kA parityAga karake donoM kUloM ke madhya meM hokara bahanevAlI saritA ke tulya hai| saritA ke pravAha ke liye, saritA ke vikAsa ke liye, saritA ke jIvana ke liye donoM kUla Avazyaka haiM / eka kUlavAlI saritA saritA nahIM kahI jA sktii| jIvana saritA kI bhI yahI dazA hai / eka ora vidhivAda kA atireka hai, dUsarI ora niSedhavAda kA atireka hai-donoM ke madhya meM hokara pravAhita hotI hai-jIvana saritA / jIvana saritA ke pravAha ko, jIvana saritA ke vikAsa ko akSuNNa banAye rakhane ke liye donoM atirekoM kA tyAga Avazyaka hai / ati. vidhivAda aura atiniSedhavAda se bacakara calanevAlI jIvana saritA hI apane ananta lakSya meM vilIna ho sakatI hai| sAdhanA kI sImA meM saMpraveza pAte hI sAdhanA ke do aMgoM para dhyAna kendrita ho jAtA hai-" utsarga tathA apavAda / " sAdhanA ke ye donoM aMga prANa haiN| inameM se eka tara kA bhI abhAva ho jAne para sAdhanA adhUrI hai, vikRta hai, ekAMgI hai, ekAnta hai| jIvana meM ekAnta kabhI kalyANakara ho nahIM sakatA; kyoM ki vItarAga deva-saMkSuNNa patha meM ekAnta mithyA hai, ahita hai, azubhaMkara hai| manuSya dvipada hai| vaha apanI yAtrA apane donoM pAdoM se hI bhalI bhA~ti kara sakatA hai| eka pada kA manuSya laMgar3A hotA hai| ThIka sAdhanA bhI apane do padoM se hI samyak prakAra se gati kara sakatI hai| utsarga aura apavAda-sAdhanA ke ye do caraNa haiN| inameM se ekatara caraNa kA bhI abhAva yaha sUcita karegA ki sAdhanA pUrI nahIM, adhUrI hai| sAdhanA ke jIvana vikAsa ke liye utsarga aura apavAda Avazyaka hI nahIM, apitu aparihArya bhI haiN| sAdhaka kI sAdhanA ke mahA patha para jIvana-ratha ko gatizIla evaM vikAsonmukha rakhane ke liye utsarga aura apavAda rUpa donoM cakra sazakta tathA sakriya rahane cAhiye, tabhI sAdhaka apanI sAdhanA se apane sAdhya kI siddhi kara pAtA hai| kucheka vicAraka jIvana meM utsarga ko hI pakar3a kara calanA cAhate haiN| ve apanI sampUrNa (32)
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________________ 220 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura zakti utsarga se cipaTa kara hI kharca kara dene para tule huye haiM / ve jIvana meM apavAda kA sarvathA apalApa hI karate rahate haiN| unakI dRSTi meM ( ekAMgI dRSTi meM ) apavAda dharma nahIM, eka mahattara pApa hai / isa prakAra ke vicAraka sAdhanA ke kSetra meM usa kAni hathinI ke samAna haiM jo calate samaya mArga ke eka ora hI dekha pAtI hai| dUsarI ora kucha sAdhaka ve haiM jo utsarga ko bhUlakara kevala apavAda ko pakar3a kara hI calanA cAhate haiN| jIvana patha meM ve kadama-kadama para apavAda kA sahArA lekara hI calanA cAhate haiN| jaise zizu vinA kisI sahAre ke cala hI nahIM sktaa| ye donoM vicAra ekAMgI hone se upAdeya koTi meM nahIM A skte| jaina dharma kI sAdhanA ekAnta kI nahIM, vaha anekAnta kI sundara aura svastha sAdhanA hai| jaina saMskRti ke mahAn unnAyaka AcArya zrIharibhadrasUrine apane " upadezapada " grantha meM ekAnta pakSa ko lekara calanevAle sAdhakoM ko saMbodhita karate hue spaSTa zabdoM meM kahA hai-" bhagavAn jinezvaradevane na kisI vastu ke lene kA ekAnta vidhAna kiyA hai aura na kisI vastu ke chor3ane kA ekAnta niSedha hI kiyA hai / bhagavAn tIrthaMkara kI eka hI AjJA hai, eka hI Adeza hai ki jo kucha bhI kArya tuma kara rahe ho, usameM satya-bhUta hokara raho, use vaphAdArI ke sAtha karate rho|" ___ AcAryane jIvana kA mahAn rahasya kholakara rakha diyA hai| sAdhaka kA jIvana na ekAnta niSedha para cala sakatA hai aura na ekAnta vidhAna para hii| kabhI kucha lekara aura kabhI kucha chor3a kara hI vaha apanA vikAsa kara sakatA hai / ekAnta kA parityAga karake vaha apanI sAdhanA ko nirdoSa banA sakatA hai / sAdhaka kA jIvana eka pravahaNazIla tatva hai / use bA~dhakara rakhanA bhUla hogI / nadI ke sAtatya pravahaNazIla vega ko kisI garta meM bA~dhakara rakha chor3ane kA artha hogA--usameM durgaMdha paidA karanA tathA usakI sahaja svacchatA evaM pavitratA ko naSTa kara ddaalnaa| jIvanavega ko ekAnta utsarga meM banda karanA yaha bhI bhUla hai aura use ekAnta apavAda meM kaida karanA yaha bhI cUka hai| jIvana kI gati ko kisI bhI ekAnta pakSa meM bAMdhakara rakhanA hitakara nhiiN| jIvanavega ko bAMdhakara rakhane meM kyA hAni hai ! bAMdhakara rakhane meM, saMyata karake rakhane meM to koI hAni nahIM hai; parantu ekAnta vidhAna aura ekAnta niSedha meM bA~dha rakhane meM jo hAni hai-vaha AcAryapravara haribhadrasUri ke zabdoM meM hI sunie 1-" na vi kiMci vi aNuNNAtaM, paDisiddhaM vA vi jigavariMdehiM / titthagarANaM ANA, kajaM sacceNa hoyatvaM // " -upadezapada
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________________ 221 saMskRti utsarga aura apvaad| " deza, kAla aura roga ke kAraNa sAdhaka jIvana meM bhI kabhI aisI avasthA A jAtI hai ki akArya kArya bana jAtA hai tathA kArya akArya ho jAtA hai / jo vidhAna hai use niSedha koTi meM le jAnA par3atA hai aura jo niSedha hai use vidhAna banAnA par3atA hai|" - yaha bAta vizeSa rUpa se dhyAna meM rakhane yogya hai ki utsarga aura apavAda-donoM eka dUsare ke pUraka haiM, sAdhaka haiM; bAdhaka aura ghAtaka nahIM haiM / donoM ke sumela se sAdhaka kA mArga prazasta hotA hai / eka hI roga meM jisa prakAra vaidya ko kisI vastu ko apathya kaha kara niSedha karanA par3atA hai, deza aura kAla kI paristhiti vazAt usI roga meM usa niSiddha pathya kA vidhAna bhI karanA par3atA hai / paristhitivaza jisa apathya kA niSedha kiyA thA, phira usIkA kabhI paristhiti meM vidhAna bhI dekhA jAtA hai; parantu isa vidhi aura niSedha donoM kA lakSya eka hI hai-roga kA upazamana, roga kA unmUlana karanA / udAharaNa ke liye Ayurveda meM yaha vidhAna hai ki 'bara roga meM laMghana arthAt bhojana kA parityAga hitAvaha evaM svAsthya ke anukUla rahatA hai; parantu zrama, krodha, zoka aura kAma jvara hone para laMghana se hAni hI hotI hai|' bhojana kA tyAga eka sthAna para amRta hai, hitakara hai aura dUsare sthAna para viSa hai, ahitakara hai| isI prakAra utsarga aura apavAda donoM kA eka hI lakSya hotA hai-jIvana kI saMzuddhi / utsarga apavAda kA poSaka hotA hai aura apavAda utsarga kA sahAyaka / donoM ke sumela se cAritra kI saMzuddhi aura puSTi hotI hai / utsarga mArga para calanA yaha jIvana kI sAmAnya paddhati hai aura apavAda mArga para calanA yaha jIvana kI vizeSa paddhati hai / ThIka vaise hI jaise ki rAjamArga para calanevAlA yAtrI kabhI rAjamArga kA parityAga karake samIpa kI pagadaMDI bhI pakar3a letA hai| parantu phira vaha usI rAjamArga para A jAtA hai| paristhitivaza use vaisA karanA par3A thaa| yahI bAta utsarga aura apavAda mArga ke saMbaMdha meM lAgU par3atI hai| prazna kiyA jA sakatA hai-kaba utsarga para caleM aura kaba apavAda para ! prazna vastutaH bar3e hI mahattva kA hai| kintu isakA samAdhAna bhI bar3A hI mahattvapUrNa hai| sAdhaka svayaM hI apane dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva ke anusAra yaha nirNaya kara sakatA hai ki kaba utsarga ko grahaNa kareM, kaba apavAda ko ? antatogatvA utsarga aura apavAda kA nirNaya sAdhaka svayaM -syAdvAdamaJjarI 1 utpadyate hi sAvasthA, dezakAlAmayAn prati / / ___ yasyAmakArya kArya syAt , karma kArya ca varjayet // 2 kAlAvirodhinirdiSTaM, jvarAdau laGghanaM hitam / Rte'nilazramakrodha, zokakAmakRtajvarAt //
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________________ 222 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura hI kara sakatA hai, dUsarA nahIM / zAstra, TIkA, bhASya aura niyukti kAphI lambI dUra taka sAdhaka kA hAtha pakar3a kara calAne kA prayatna karate haiM / jaise zizu ko usakA pitA usakA hAtha pakar3a kara calAnA sikhAtA hai; parantu kucha dinoM bAda vaha zizu ko usakI zakti para hI chor3a kara alaga ho jAtA hai / anta meM sAdhaka para hI saba kucha chor3a diyA jAtA hai / ziSya jijJAsA karatA hai- 'bhaMte ! yaha utsarga kyA hai ! aura yaha apavAda kyA hai !" AcArya samAdhAna detA hai, " jIvana jIne kI jo sAmAnya vidhi hai vaha utsarga hai aura jo vizeSa vidhi hai vaha apavAda hai / " bhojana karanA yaha jIvana kI sAmAnya vidhi hai, kyoM ki binA bhojana ke jIvana Tika nahIM sakatA; parantu ajIrNa ho jAne para bhojana kA tyAga karanA hI zreyaskara hai / bhojana kA tyAga hI jIvana ho jAtA hai-yaha vizeSa vidhi hai| yaha bAta bhUlanA nahIM cAhiye ki vizeSa vidhi sAmAnya vidhi kI rakSA ke liye hI hotI hai / apavAda bhI utsarga mArga kI rakSA ke liye hI aMgIkAra kiyA jAtA hai / ziSya phira prazna upasthita karatA hai-" bhaMte ! utsarga ko chor3a kara apavAda mArga meM jAne vAle sAdhaka ke kyA svIkRta vrata bhaMga nahIM ho jAte ! " AcArya eka rUpaka ke dvArA isakA suMdara samAdhAna karate haiM: eka yAtrI tvarita gati se pATalIputra nagara kI ora calA / vaha yathAzakti calatA rahA, kyoM ki zIghra pahu~canA use abhISTa thA; parantu thakAna hone para vaha vizrAma karane laga jAtA hai jisase vilamba ho gayA / vaha yAtrI mArga meM yadi vizrAma na kare to svastha nahIM raha sakatA / phira apane lakSya para kaise pahu~cegA ! bRhatkarapabhASya kA yaha rUpaka sAdhaka jIvana para kitanA sundara ghaTita hotA hai| sAdhaka apane utsarga mArga para calatA hai aura use yathAzakti utsarga mArga para calanA hI cAhiye; parantu use kAraNavazAt apavAda mArga para AnA par3e to yaha usakA vizrAma hogA / yaha isa liye kiyA jAtA hai ki phira vaha apane svIkRta patha para dviguNita vega ke sAtha Age bar3ha sakatA hai, apane ThIka lakSya para jA pahu~ca sakatA hai / usakA vizrAma karanA, baiThanA bhI calane ke liye hotA hai| usakA apavAda bhI usake utsarga kI rakSA ke liye hI hotA hai| 1 " sAmAnyokto vidhirutsargaH, vizeSokto vidhirpvaadH|" -darzanazuddhi 2"dhAvato uvvAo, maggannU kiM na gacchai kameNaM / - kiM vA mauI kiriyA, na kIrae asahumo tikkha // 320 // -bRhatkalpabhASya, pIThikA
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________________ saMskRti utsarga aura apavAda / 223 ziSya prazna karatA hai-" bhaMte ! utsarga adhika hai yA ki apavAda adhika hai|" ziSya ke prastuta prazna kA bRhatkalpabhASya meM yaha samAdhAna kiyA hai: __ "vatsa ! utsarga aura apavAdoM kI saMkhyA meM meda nahIM hai| jitane utsarga hote haiM, usake utane hI apavAda bhI hote haiM aura jitane apavAda hote haiM, usake utane hI utsarga bhI hote haiN|" isase siddha hotA hai ki sAdhanA ke utsarga aura apavAda aparihArya aMga haiN| ziSya prazna karatA hai-" bhaMte ! utsarga aura apavAda ina donoM meM kauna balavAna hai aura kauna durbala !" isakA samAdhAna bhI bRhatkarabhASya meM diyA gayA hai: "vatsa ! utsarga apane sthAna para zreyAn aura balavAna hai / apavAda apane sthAna para zreyAn evaM balavAn hai| utsarga ke sthAna para apavAda durbala hai aura apavAda ke sthAna para utsarga durbala hai|" ziSya jijJAsA prastuta karatA hai-" bhaMte ! utsarga aura apavAda meM sAdhaka ke liye svasthAna kaunasA hai !" aura parasthAna kaunasA hai ! isa jijJAsA kA sundara samAdhAna bRhatkalpa. bhASya meM isa prakAra diyA gayA hai : "vatsa! jo sAdhaka svastha aura samartha hai usake liye utsarga svasthAna hai aura apavAda parasthAna hai| kintu jo asvastha evaM asamartha hai usake liye apavAda svasthAna hai aura utsarga parasthAna hai|" deza, kAla aura paristhitivazAt utsarga aura apavAda svasthAna aura parasthAna hote rahate haiN| isase siddha hotA hai ki sAdhaka ke jIvana meM utsarga aura apavAda donoM kA samAna bhAva se paristhitivaza grahaNa kiyA jAnA cAhiye / ___jaina dharma kI sAdhanA na ati pariNAmavAda ko lekara calatI hai-na apariNAmavAda ko lekara / vaha to pariNAmavAda ko lekara hI calatI hai| jo sAdhaka pariNAmI hai vahI utsarga aura apavAda ke mArga ko bhalI bhA~ti samajha sakatA hai| ati pariNAmI aura apariNAmI -bRhatkalpabhASya, pIThikA 1 jAvaiyA ussaggA, tAvaiyA ceva hu~ti avavAyA / jAvaiyA avavAyA, ussaggA tettimA ceva // 322 // 2 saTThANe sahANe, seyA baliNo ya haMti khalu ee / saTThANa-paraTThANA, e hu~ti vatthU to nipphannA // 323 // 3 saMtharao saTThANaM, ussaggo asahuNo paraTThANaM / iya sahANa paraM vA, na hoi vatthU viNA kiMci // 324 // -bRhatkalpabhASya, pIThikA -bRhatkalpabhASya, pIThikA
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri smAraka -graMtha darzana aura asamartha rahatA hai| isa saMbaMdha meM vyavahAra bhASya meM eka 224 utsarga - apavAda ko samajhane meM bar3A hI sundara rUpaka AyA hai: --- eka AcArya ke tIna ziSya the / apanA padabhAra kisako deM ! tInoM kI parIkSA ke vicAra se AcArya eka eka ziSya ko bulAkara kahate haiM-" mujhe Amra lA kara do| " atipariNAmI sAtha meM dUsarI bhI cIjeM lAne ko kahatA hai / apariNAmI kahatA hai- " Amra karapatA nahIM, maiM kaise lA kara dUM / " pariNAmI kahatA hai- "bhaMte! Amra kitane prakAra ke hai ! kaunasA prakAra aura kitane lAU~ ! AcArya kI parIkSA meM pariNAmavAdI utIrNa ho jAtA hai; kyoM ki vaha utsarga aura apavAda ke mArga ko bhalIbhA~ti jAnatA hai / vaha guru kI hIlanA bhI nahIM karatA aura atipariNAmI kI taraha eka vastu maMgAne para aneka vastu lAne ko bhI nahIM kahatA / pariNAmavAdI hI jaina sAdhanA kA samujjvala pratIka hai; kyoM ki vaha samaya para deza, kAla aura paristhiti ke anusAra apane jIvana ko DhAla sakatA hai / apariNAmI utsarga ke hI cipaTA rhegaa| atipariNAmI apavAda kA bhI durupayoga karatA rahegA aura kisa samaya para kitanA parivartana karanA yaha use bhAna hI nahIM rahegA / apariNAmI jar3a hokara rhegaa| dharma ke rahasya ko, sAdhanA ke mahatva ko pariNAmI sAdhaka hI samyak prakAra se jAnatA hai aura usake anusAra apane jIvana ko pavitra evaM samujjavala I for nirantara prayatna bhI karatA hI rahatA hai / utsarga aura apavAda ke rahasya ko jAnanevAlA gItArtha kahA jAtA hai| gItArtha apane deza, kAla evaM paristhitivaza utsarga se apavAda meM aura apavAda se utsarga meM A jA sakatA hai / paristhiti Ane para apavAda kA Azraya lenevAlA aparAdhI aura hIna nahIM kahA jA sakatA; kyoM ki utsarga aura apavAda donoM meM bhagavAn kI AjJA anusyUta hai / utsarga se apavAda meM jAne meM adharma nahIM hotA / isa saMbaMdha meM yahA~ para kucha uddharaNa diye jA rahe haiM: varSA barasate samaya bhikSu apane upAzraya se bAhara nahIM nikalatA; kyoM ki jalIya jIvoM kI virAdhanA hotI hai, hiMsA hotI hai - bhikSu kA yaha utsarga mArga hai / parantu sAtha meM isakA yaha apavAda bhI ki cAhe varSA barasa rahI hai to bhI bhikSu zauca aura pezAba karane bAhara jA sakatA hai / kacce jala kI jahA~ sparza mAtra kI bhI AjJA nahIM vahA~ yaha AjJA apavAda mArga hai / bhikSu kA yaha utsarga mArga hai ki vaha manasA, vAcA, kAyena kisI bhI prakAra ke jIva kI hiMsA na kareM / kyoM nahIM kareM ? isake samAdhAna meM dazavaikAlika sUtra meM bhagavAn ne kahA 1 " vacamuttaM na dhArae / da. vai. a. 5, gAthA 19 / 13
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________________ saMskRti utsarga aura apavAda | hai - " jagatI tala ke samagra jIva-jantu jIvita rahanA cAhate haiM, maranA koI nahIM cAhatA; kyoM ki saba ko apanA jIvana priya hai| prANIvadha ghora pApa hai; isa liye nirgantha bhikSu isa ghora pApa kA parityAga karate haiM / "" isakA apavAda bhI hotA hai| AcArAMga meM kahA gayA hai ki " eka mikSu jo ki anya mArga na hone para viSama patha se jA rahA hai, yadi vaha girane lage, par3ane lage to vaha apane Apa ko girane se bacAne ke liye tarU ko, guccha ko, gumpha ko, latA ko, vallI ko tathA tRNa, harita Adi ko pakar3a kara saMbhala jAe aura phira apane mArga para car3ha jAya / yA Upara se nIce utara jAya / " bhikSu kA utsarga mArga to yaha hai ki vaha kisI bhI prakAra kI hiMsA na kare / parantu harita vanaspati ko pakar3a kara car3hane yA utarane meM kitanI hiMsA hotI hai ! jIvoM kI kitanI virAdhanA hotI hai ! isI prakAra bhikSu ko nadI pAra karane kA vidhAna bhI AyA hai / yahA~ para utsarga ko chor3a kara apavAda mArga para AnA hI par3atA hai / jIvana Akhira jIvana hI hai / utsarga meM raha kara samAdhi rahe to vaha ThIka / yadi apavAda meM samAdhi bhAva rahe to vaha bhI ThIka / saMyama meM samAdhi rahe yahI mukhya bAta hai 1 225 I satya bhASaNa yaha bhikSu kA utsarga mArga hai / dazavaikAlika meM kahA hai_" mRSAvAda, asatya bhASaNa loka meM sarvatra evaM samasta mahApuruSoM dvArA yaha nindita hai / asatya bhASaNa avizvAsa kI bhUmi hai / isa liye nirgantha mRSAvAda kA sarvathA tyAga karate haiM / " parantu sAtha meM isakA apavAda bhI hai| AcArAMga sUtra meM varNana AtA hai ki eka bhikSu mArga meM jA rahA thA / sAmane se eka vyAdha yA koI manuSya A gayA, bolA- " AyuSman zramaNa ! kyA tumane kisI manuSya athavA pazu Adi ko idhara Ate-jAte dekhA hai ? " isa prakAra ke prasaMga para prathama to bhikSu usake vacanoM kI upekSA kara ke mauna rahe / yadi bolane 1 sa jIvA vi icchaMti, jIviu~ na marijjiuM / tamhA pANivahaM ghoraM niggaMthA vajjayaMti NaM // 3. vai. a. 6. gA. 11. 2 " se tattha payalamANe vA, rukkhANi vA gucchANi vA, gummANi vA, layAo vA, vallIo vA, tagANi vA, hariyAgi vA atralaMbiya atralaMbiya uttarijA...! -- AcArAMga, 2 zruta, IryAdhyayana, uddeza 2, - da. vai. a. 6, gA. 13, 3 " musAvAo ya logammi, sabasAhUhiM garihio / avissAso ya bhUyANaM, tamhA mosaM vivajjae // "" 29
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________________ 226 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura jaisI hI sthiti ho to jAnatA huvA bhI yaha kaha de ki maiM nahIM jaantaa|' ___ yahA~ para asatya bolane kA spaSTa ullekha hai| yaha bhikSu kA apavAda mArga hai / isa prakAra ke prasaMga para asatya bhASaNa bhI pAparUpa nahIM hai doSarUpa nahIM hai / sUyagaDAMga sUtra meM bhI yahI apavAda AyA hai / vahA~ kahA gayA hai: "jo mRSAvAda dUsare ko Thagane ke liye bolA jAtA hai vaha heya hai, tyAjya hai; parantu jo hita buddhi se yA kalyANa bhAvanA se bolA jAtA hai vaha doSarUpa nahIM hai, pAparUpa nahIM hai|" utsarga mArga meM aneSaNika AhAra bhikSu ke liye abhakSya kahA gayA hai / vaha usakI kalpa kI maryAdA meM nahIM hai / parantu kAraNavazAt apavAda mArga meM vaha aneSaNiya AhAra abhakSya nahIM rahatA / bhikSu use grahaNa kara sakatA hai| sUyagaDAMga sUtra meM spaSTa kahA jAtA hai ki " AdhAkarmika AhAra khAnevAle bhikSu ko ekAnta pApI kahanA bhUla hai / use ekAnta pApI nahIM kahA jA sakatA / " " apavAda dazA meM AdhAkarma AhAra kA sevana karatA huA bhI karma se lipta nahIM hotA / ekAntarUpa meM yaha kahanA ki isameM karmabaMdha hotA hai-ThIka nahIM / " kisI bhikSune saMthArA kara liyaa| bhakta aura pAna kA jIvana bhara ke liye tyAga kara diyA hai / ziSya prazna karatA hai-. bhaMte ! yadi usa bhikSu ko asamAdhi bhAva ho jAya aura vaha bhakta pAna mAgane lage to denA cAhiye ki nahIM !" 1 "tusiNIe uvehijjA, jANa vA no jAgati vijaa|" mijhorgacchataH kazcid saMmukhIna etad brUyAt AyuSman zramaga ! bhavatA pathyAgacchatA kazcid manuSyAdirUpalabdhaH ? taM caiva pRcchantaM tUSNImAvenopekSeta / yadi vA jAnannapi nAhaM jAnAmi, ityevaM vadet / A. 2 zruta, IryAdhyayana, uddeza 3. 2 " sAdiyaM Na musaM bUyA, esa dhamme vusiimo|" yo hi paravaJcanArtha samAyo mRSAvAdaH sa parihIyate / yastu saMyamaguptyartha na mayA mRgA upalabdhA ityAdikaH sa na dossaay|" sUtrakRtAMga, a. 8, gA. 19. 3 ahAkammANi bhujaMti aNNamaNNe sakammaNA / uvalittetti jANijjA, aNubalitteti vA puNo // 8 // eehiM dohi ThANehiM vavahAro na vijai / eehiM dohiM ThANehiM agAyAraM tu jAgae // 9 // sUtrakRtAMga, 2 zruta. AdhAkarmA'pi zrutopadezena zuddhamiti kRtvA bhujAnaH karmagA nopalipyate / tadAdhAkarme'pi bhogenAvazya karmabandho bhavati, ityevaM no vadet / --TIkA 4 aya kiM kAraNaM pratyAkhyApya punarAhAro dIyate ?
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________________ utsarga aura apavAda / 227 vyavahAra bhASya meM isakA sundara samAdhAna diyA gayA hai| AcArya kahate haiM / -- bhikSu ko asamAdhi bhAva ho jAne para aura usake bhakta pAna mAMgane para use bhakta pAna avazya de denA cAhiye; kyoMki usakI prANoM kI rakSA ke liye AhAra kavaca hai / " ziSya pUchatA hai ki tyAga kara dene para bhI bhakta pAna kyoM denA cAhiye ! AcArya kahate haiM: "" bhikSu kI sAdhanA kA lakSya hai ki vaha parISaha kI senA ko manaHzakti se, zakti se aura kAyabala se jIte / " parISaha senA ke sAtha yuddha vaha tabhI kara sakatA hai, jaba ki samAdhibhAva meM rahe / vinA bhakta pAna ke use samAdhi bhAva nahIM raha sakatA; ataH use kavacabhUta AhAra denA cAhiye ! ziSya prazna karatA hai - " bhaMte ! saMthArA karanevAlA bhikSu bhakta pAna maaNge| use na de aura usakI nindA kare to kyA hotA hai ! " AcArya kahate haiM-" jo usakI nindA karatA hai, jo usakI bhartsanA karatA hai, usako cAra mAsa kA guru prAyazcita AtA hai / " bhikSu kA yaha utsarga mArga hai ki vaha apane caturtha mahAvrata kI rakSA ke liye navajAta kanyA kA bhI sparza nahIM karatA / parantu apavAda rUpa meM vaha nadI Adi meM pravAhita hone vAlI bhikSuNI kA hAtha pakar3a kara use nikAla bhI sakatA hai| yaha bhikSu kA apavAda mArga hai / kathita uddharaNoM se yaha bAta spaSTa ho jAtI hai ki sAdhaka jIvana meM jitanA mahatva utsarga kA hai apavAda kA bhI utanA hI mahatva haiN| utsarga aura apavAda meM se kisI kA bhI parityAga nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| donoM dharma haiM, donoM grAhya haiN| donoM ke sumela se jIvana sthira banatA hai / eka samartha AcArya ke zabdoM meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki " * jisa deza aura kAla meM eka vastu adharma hai, tadabhinna deza aura kAla meM vaha dharma bhI ho sakatI hai / " 1 arAne pAnake ca yAcite tasya bhaktapAnAtmakaH kavacabhUta AhAro dAtavyaH / vya. bhA. uddeza 10, gA. 533, TIkA 2 haMdi parIsahacamU joheSavvA maNeNa kAraNa / to mara desakAle kavayabhUo u ahAro // 534 // parISahasenA manasA, kAyena, ( vAcA ca) yodhena jetavyA / tasyAH parAjayanimittaM maraNadezakAle ( maraNasamaye ) yodhasya kavacabhUta AhAro dIyate / - vya. bhA. uddeza 10, 3 yastu taM bhaktaparijJAvyAghAtavantaM khiMsayati, ( bhaktapratyAkhyAna pratibhagna eSa iti ) tasya prAyazcittaM catvAro vya. bhA. uddeza 10, gA. 551 mAsA anudghAtA gurukAH / 4 yasmin deze kAle, yo dharmo bhavati / sa eva nimittAntareSu, adharmo bhavatyeva //
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________________ 228 zrImad vijayarAjendrari-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura __aticAra rahita cAritra kA pAlana karanA yaha bhikSu jIvana kA lakSya hai / yaha utsarga mArga hai / parantu deza, kAla aura paristhitivaza yadi aticAra kA sevana bhI karanA par3e to vaha apavAda mArga hai| yaha bhI dharma hai, adharma nhiiN| yaha bhI mokSa kA kAraNa hai, akAraNa nahIM / utsarga ke samAna apavAda mArga bhI mokSa meM hetu hai / isa saMbaMdha meM vyavahAra bhASya meM kahA gayA hai ki " aticAra kA sevana do taraha se hotA hai-darpa se aura kalpa se|" deza, kAla aura paristhitivaza kAraNa ko lekara aticAra kA sevana kiyA jAtA hai / vahI apavAda rUpa dharma hai| aura vaha apavAda mArga patana kA kAraNa nahIM, balki karma kSaya kA hI kAraNa hai| isa kathana kA ullekha vyavahAra bhASya meM spaSTa rUpa meM AyA hai / vahA~ kahA gayA hai ki " jo kAraNavizeSa meM aticAra kA sevana karatA hai vaha apavAda mArga para calanevAlA hai / vaha ArAdhaka hI hai, virAdhaka nhiiN| _ vidhivAda aura niSedhavAda ke madhya meM hokara pravAhita honevAlI jIvana saritA apane saMlakSya para avazya pahu~catI hai / utsarga aura apavAda ke madhya meM hokara calanevAlA sAdhaka apanI sAdhanA meM avazya hI saphala hotA hai| donoM Agama vihita mArga hai / yaha sAdhaka para nirbhara hai ki kisa sthiti meM utsarga para calatA hai aura kisa dazA meM apavAda para calatA hai| zAstra kA kAma to itanA hI hai ki dizA darzana kara de / calanevAlA to Akhira sAdhaka hI hai| 1 yA kAraNamantareNa prati sevanA kriyate, sA darpikA, yA punaH kAraNe sA klpikaa| vya. bhA. uddeza 1, gA. 38, TIkA. 2 annA vi tu paDisevA, sA una kammodaeNa jA jyto| sA kammakkhayakaraNI, dappA jaya kammajagaNI u // 42 // yA kAraNe yatamAnasya yatanayA pravartamAnasya pratisevanA, sA krmkssyphrnnii| sUtroktAnItyA kAraNe yatamayA yatamAnasya tatastatrAjJArAdhanAt / vya. bhA. uddeza 1,
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________________ jainadharma kA karmavAda paM. cainasukhadAsa " nyAyatIrtha " jaina saMskRta kAleja, jayapura vAda kA artha siddhAnta hai / jo vAda karmoM kI utpatti, sthiti aura unakI rasa dene Adi vividha vizeSatAoM kA vaijJAnika vivecana karatA hai-vaha karmavAda hai / jainazAstroM meM karmavAda kA bar3A gahana vivecana hai| karmoM ke sarvAMgINa vivecana se jainazAstroM kA eka bahuta bar3A bhAga sambaddha hai| karmaskandha-paramANusamUha hone para bhI hameM dikhatA nhiiN| AtmA, paraloka, mukti Adi anya dArzanika tatvoM kI taraha vaha bhI atyanta parokSa hai| usakI koI bhI vizeSatA indriyagocara nahIM hai / karmoM kA astitva pradhAnatayA AptapraNIta Agama ke dvArA hI pratipAdita kiyA jAtA hai / jaise AtmA Adi padArthoM kA astitva siddha karane ke lie Agama ke atirikta anumAna kA bhI sahArA liyA jAtA hai, vaise karmoM kI siddhi meM anumAna kA Azraya bhI liyA gayA hai| __ jainoM ke karmavAda ko samajhane ke lie sacamuca tIkSNabuddhi aura adhyavasAya kI jarUrata hai / jaina granthakAroMne ise samajhAne ke lie sthAna-sthAna para gaNita kA upayoga kiyA hai| avazya hI yaha gaNita laukika gaNita se bahuta kucha bhinna hai| jahAM laukika gaNita kI samApti hotI hai, vahAM isa alaukika gaNita kA prAraMbha hotA hai / karmoM kA aisA sarvAMgINa varNana zAyada saMsAra ke kisI vAGmaya meM mile / jainazAstroM ko ThIka samajhane ke lie karmavAda ko samajhanA anivArya hai| karmoM ke astitva meM tarka saMsAra kA pratyeka prANI paratantra hai| yaha paudgalika ( bhautika ) zarIra hI usakI paratantratA kA dyotaka hai| bahuta se abhAva aura abhiyogoM kA vaha pratikSaNa zikAra banA rahatA hai / vaha apane Apako sadA parAdhIna anubhava karatA hai / isa parAdhInatA kA kAraNa janazAstroM ke anusAra karma hai / jagata meM aneka prakAra kI viSamatAeM haiN| Arthika aura sAmAjika viSamatAoM ke atirikta, jo prAkRtika viSamatAeM haiM unakA kAraNa manuSyakRta nahIM ho sktaa| jaba saba meM eka sA AtmA hai, taba manuSya, pazu, pakSI, kITa aura vRkSa-latAoM Adi ke vibhinna zarIroM aura unake sukha, duHkha Adi kA kAraNa kyA hai ! kAraNa ke
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________________ 230 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura binA koI kArya nahIM ho sktaa| jo koI ina viSamatAoM kA kAraNa hai vahI karma haikarmasiddhAnta yahI kahatA hai| jainoM ke karmavAda meM Izvara kA koI sthAna nahIM hai-usakA astitva hI nahIM hai / use jagata kI viSamatAoM kA kAraNa mAnanA eka tarkahIna kalpanA hai / usakA astitva svIkAra karanevAle dArzanika bhI karmoM kI sattA avazya svIkAra karate haiN| 'Izvara jagata ke prANiyoM ko unake kamoM ke anusAra phala detA hai| unakI isa kalpanA meM karmoM kI pradhAnatA spaSTarUpa se svIkRta hai| 'saba ko jIvana kI suvidhAeM samAna rUpa se prApta hoM aura sAmAjika dRSTi se koI nIca-UMca nahIM mAnA jAe '-mAnava mAtra meM yaha vyavasthA pracalita ho jAne para bhI manuSya kI vyaktigata viSamatA kabhI kama nahIM hogii| yaha kabhI saMbhava nahIM hai ki saba manuSya eka se buddhimAna hoM, ekasA unakA zarIra ho, unake zArIrika avayavoM aura sAmarthya meM koI bheda na hoN| koI strI, koI puruSa aura koI naMpusaka honA duniyAM ke kisI kSetra meM kabhI banda nahIM hogaa| ina prAkRtika viSamatAoM ko na koI zAsana badala sakatA hai aura na koI samAja / yaha saba vividhatAeM to sAmyavAda kI carama sImA para pahuMce hue dezoM meM bhI banI raheMgI / ina saba viSamatAoM kA kAraNa pratyeka AtmA ke sAtha rahanevAlA koI vijAtIya padArtha hai aura vaha padArtha karma hai / karma AtmA ke sAtha kaba se haiM aura kaise utpanna hote haiM ? ___AtmA aura karma kA saMbaMdha anAdi hai / jaba se AtmA hai, tabase hI usake sAtha karma lage hue haiN| pratyeka samaya purAne karma apanA phala de kara AtmA se alaga hote rahate haiM aura AtmA ke rAgadveSAdi bhAvoM ke dvArA naye karma baMdhate rahate haiN| yaha krama taba taka calatA rahatA hai, jaba taka AtmA kI mukti nahIM hotii| jaise antima bIja jala jAne para bIjavRkSa kI paramparA samApta ho jAtI hai, vaise hI rAgadveSAdika vikRta bhAvoM ke naSTa ho jAne para kamoM kI paramparA Age nahIM cltii| karma anAdi hone para bhI sAnta haiN| yaha vyApti nahIM hai ki jo anAdi ho use ananta bhI honA cAhie-nahIM to bIja aura vRkSa kI paramparA kabhI samApta nahIM hogii| ___yaha pahale kahA hai ki pratikSaNa AtmA meM naye 2 karma Ate rahate haiM / karmavaddha AtmA apane mana, vacana aura kAyA kI kriyA se jJAnAvaraNAdi 8 karmarUpa aura audArikAdi 1 zarIrarUpa hone yogya pudgalaskandhoM kA grahaNa karatA rahatA hai| AtmA meM kaSAya ho to yaha pudgalaskandha karmavaddha AtmA ke cipaTa jAte haiM-Thahare rahate haiN| kaSAya (rAgadveSa) kI
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________________ saMskRti jainadharma kA karmavAda / 231 tIvratA aura mandatA ke anusAra AtmA ke sAtha Thaharane kI kAlamaryAdA karmoM kA sthiti - bandha kahalAtA hai / kaSAya ke anusAra hI ve phala dete haiM / yahI anubhavabandha yA anubhAgabaMdha kahalAtA hai / yoga karmoM ko lAte haiM, AtmA ke sAtha unakA saMbaMdha jor3ate haiM / kamoM meM nAnA svabhAvoM ko paidA karanA bhI yoga kA hI kAma hai / karmaskandhoM meM jo paramANuoM kI saMkhyA hotI hai, usakA kama jyAdA honA bhI yogahetuka hai| ye donoM kriyAeM kramazaH pratibandha aura pradezabandha kahalAtI haiM / karmoM ke bheda aura unake kAraNa karma ke mukhya ATha bheda haiN| jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, vedanIya, mohanIya, Ayu, nAma, gotra aura antarAya / jo karma jJAna ko prakaTa na hone de vaha jJAnAvaraNIya, jo indriyoM ko padArthoM se prabhAvAnvita nahIM hone de vaha darzanAvaraNIya, jo sukhaduHkha kA kAraNa upasthita kare athavA jisase sukhaduHkha ho vaha vedanIya, jo AtmaramaNa na hone de vaha mohanIya, jo AtmA ko manuSya, tirthaMca, deva aura nAraka zarIra meM roka rakkhe vaha Ayu, jo zarIra kI nAnA avasthAoM Adi kA kAraNa ho vaha nAma, jisase UMca-nIca kahalAve vaha gotra aura jo AtmA kI zakti Adi ke prakaTa hone meM vighna DAle vaha antarAya karma hai / saMsArI jIva ke kauna 2 se kArya kisa 2 karma ke Asrava ke kAraNa haiM - yaha jaina zAstroM meM vistAra ke sAtha batalAyA gayA hai / udAharaNArtha::- jJAna ke prakAra meM bAdhA denA, jJAna ke sAdhanoM ko chinna-bhinna karanA, prazasta jJAna meM dUSaNa lagAnA, Avazyaka hone para bhI apane jJAna ko prakaTa na karanA aura dUsaroM ke jJAna ko prakaTa na hone denA Adi anekoM kArya jJAnAvaraNIya karma ke Asava ke kAraNa haiM / isI prakAra anya karmoM ke Asrava ke kAraNoM ko bhI jAnanA cAhiye / jo karmAsrava se bacanA cAhe vaha una kAryoM se virakta rahe jo kisI bhI karma ke Asrava ke kAraNa haiM / tattvArthasUtra ke chaTThe adhyAya meM Asava ke kAraNoM kA jo vistArapUrvaka vivecana kiyA gayA hai vaha hRdayaMgama karane yogya hai / karma AtmA ke guNa nahIM haiM kucha dArzanika karmoM ko AtmA kA guNa mAnate haiN| para jaina mAnyatA ise svIkAra nahIM krtii| agara puNyapAparUpa karma AtmA ke guNa hoM to ve kabhI usake bandhana ke kAraNa nahIM ho skte| yadi AtmA kA guNa svayaM hI use bAMdhane lage to kabhI usakI mukti nahIM ho sakatI / bandhana mUla vastu se bhinna hotA hai / bandhana kA vijAtIya honA jarUrI hai /
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________________ 232 - smAraka -graMtha zrImad vijayarAjendrasUridarzana aura agara karmoM ko AtmA kA guNa mAnA jAya to karma nAza hone para AtmA kA nAza bhI avazyaMbhAvI hai; kyoM ki guNa aura guNI sarvathA bhinna 2 nahIM hote / bandhana AtmA kI svatantratA kA apaharaNa karatA hai; kintu apanA hI guNa apanI hI svatantratA kA apaharaNa nahIM kara sakatA / puNya aura pApa nAmaka karmoM ko yadi AtmA kA guNa mAna liyA jAya to inake kAraNa AtmA parAdhIna nahIM hogA / aura yaha tarka evaM pratIti siddha hai ki ye donoM AtmA ko parataMtra banAe rakhate haiN| isa lie ye AtmA ke guNa nahIM; kintu eka bhinna dravya haiM / yaha bhinna dravya pudgala hai / yaha rUpa, rasa, gandha aura sparzavAlA evaM jar3a hai| jaba rAgadveSAdika vikRtiyoM ke dvArA AtmA ke jJAnAdi guNoM ko ghAtane kA sAmarthya jar3a pudgala meM utpanna ho jAtA hai, taba yahI karma kahalAne lagatA hai / yaha sAmarthya dUra hote hI yahI pudgala dUsarI paryAya dhAraNa kara letA hai / 1 karma AtmA se kaise alaga hote haiM ? AtmA aura karmoM kA saMyoga saMbaMdha hai / ise hI jainaparibhASA meM ekakSetrAvagAha saMbaMdha kahate haiN| saMyoga to asthAyI hotA hai / AtmA ke sAtha karma saMyoga bhI asthAyI hai / ataH usakA vighaTana avazyaMbhAvI hai / khAna se nikale hue svarNapASANa meM svarNa ke atirikta vijAtIya vastu bhI hai / vaha hI usakI azuddhatA kA kAraNa hai| jaba taka vaha azuddhatA dUra nahIM hotI, use suvarNatva prApta nahIM hotaa| jitane aMzoM meM vaha vijAtIya saMyoga rahatA hai utane aMzoM meM sonA azuddha rahatA hai / yahI hAla AtmA kA hai / karmoM kI azuddhatA ko dUra karane ke lie AtmA ko balavAna prayatna karane par3ate haiM / inhIM prayatnoM kA nAma tapa hai / tapa kA prAraMbha bhItara se hotA hai / bAhya tapoM ko jainazAstroM meM koI mahattva nahI diyA gayA hai / abhyantara tapa kI vRddhi ke lie jo bAhya tapa anivArya haiM ve svataH hI ho jAte haiM / tapoM kA jo antima bheda dhyAna hai vahI karmanAza kA kAraNa hai / zrutajJAna kI nizcala paryAyeM hI dhyAna haiM / yaha dhyAna unhIM ko prApta hotA hai jina kA Atmopayoga zuddha hai| zuddhopayoga hI mukti kA sAkSAt kAraNa athavA mukti kA svarUpa hai / AtmA kI pApa aura puNyarUpa pravRttieM use saMsAra kI ora khIMcatI haiN| jaba ina pravRttiyoM se vaha udAsIna ho jAtA hai, taba naye karmoM kA AnA rUka jAtA hai / ise hI jainazAstroM kI paribhASA meM "saMvara" kahA gayA hai / saMvara ho jAne para jo pUrva saMcita karma haiM ve apanA rasa dekara AtmA se alaga ho jAte haiM aura naye karma Ate nahIM, taba AtmA kI mukti ho jAtI hai| eka vAra karmabandhana se AtmA alaga hokara phira kabhI karmoM se saMpRkta nahIM hotA / mukti kA prAraMbha hai, para anta nahIM hai| vaha ananta hai| mukti hI AtmA kA carama puruSArtha hai / isakI prApti abhedaratnatraya se hotI hai| 1
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________________ saMskRti jaina dharmakA karmavAda 233 jainazAstroM meM karmoM ke nAza hone kA artha hai AtmA se unakA alaga ho jAnA / yaha tarkasiddha hai ki kisI padArtha kA kabhI nAza nahIM hotA / usakA kevala rUpAntara hotA hai / padArtha pUrva paryAya ko chor3a kara uttara paryAya grahaNa kara letA hai / karmapudgala karmatva paryAya ko chor3akara dUsarI paryAya dhAraNa kara lete haiM / unake vinAza kA yahI artha hai / 99 ( AptaparIkSA ) " sato nAtyantasaMkSayaH " nAsato vidyate bhAvo nAbhAvo vidyate sataH " naivAsato janma sato na nAzo dIpastamaH pudgalabhAvato'sti " ( svayaMbhU stotra ) 11 ( gItA ) Adi jainAjaina mahAn dArzanika sat ke vinAza kA aura asat ke utpAda kA spaSTa virodha karate haiM / jaise sAbuna Adi phenila padArthoM se dhone para kapar3e kA maila naSTa ho jAtA hai 1 arthAt dUra ho jAtA hai, vaise hI AtmA se karma dUra ho jAte haiM / yahI karmanAza, karmamukti athavA karmabhedana kA artha hai / jaise Aga meM tapAne kI viziSTa prakriyA se sone kA vijAtIya padArtha usase pRthak ho jAtA hai, vaise hI tapasyA se karma dUra ho jAte haiM / 1 5
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________________ karmabaMdhana aura mokSa paM0 mizrIlAla boharA jaina " nyAyatIrtha, " indaura AtmA mithyAtvAdi kAraNoM dvArA apane sAtha jo karmavargaNA ke pudgala bAMdhatA hai vahI karma hai / athavA aMjanacUrNa paripUrNa se DibiyA ke tulya niraMtara pudgala paramANuoM se bhare hue isa loka meM kSIra-nIra nyAya se athavA lohAgni nyAya se karma pudgala kI vargaNA ko AtmA apane sAtha mithyAtva, avirati, kaSAya, yogAdi abhyaMtara evaM bAhya hetuoM kA saMbaddha karatA hai vahI karma hai / karma rUpI hai-arUpI nahIM, kyoMki karmabaMdhana se AtmA ko upaghAta hotA hai yA anugraha bhI hotA hai / yadi koI zaMkA kare ki arUpI AtmA ko upaghAta athavA anugraha kaise ho sakatA hai ! samAdhAna meM zAstrakAra kahate haiM ki budhajana ko madyapAna se matisaMbhrama kA upaghAta aura brAhmI sevana se mati kA anugraha hotA hai / yadyapi yaha AtmA zubhAzubha karma samaya-samaya para bAMdhatA hai va chor3atA bhI hai; parantu pravAha se karmabaMdha AtmA ko anAdi se hai / anyathA karmabaMdhana se pUrva AtmA nirlepa thA aura phira karmabaMdha huA-isase to phira siddha paramAtmA ko bhI karmabaMdhana honA cAhiye; ata eva karmabaMdhana ' anAdikaM tat pravAheNa' isa vacana se karmabaMdha anAdi hai / yahAM para koI yaha kahe ki anAdi saMyoga kA viyoga kaise ho sakatA hai ! uttara meM zAstrakAra kahate haiM ki ' kAzcanopalavat ' nyAya se yaha AtmA kamoM se bhavasthiti paripakva hone para vimukta ho jAtA hai / jaise suvarNa aura upala (miTTI) kA saMyoga anAdi hai; para tathAvidha sAmagrI se unakA viyoga ho jAtA hai / zrI siddhasenadivAkara mahArAjane kalyANamaMdira meM kahA bhI hai ki " dhyAnAjineza bhavato bhavinaH kSaNena, dehaM vihAya paramAtmadazAM vrajanti / tIvAnalAdupalabhAvamapAsya loke, cAmIkaratvamacirAdiva dhAtubhedAH // " pratyeka AtmA rAgadveSAdi vibhAva kAraNoM se anAdikAla se mithyAtva, avirati, kaSAya va yoga sevana karake aSTa karmoM kA saMcaya karatA hai / jaise snigdha ( cikaTe) vastra ko raja jaladI hI cipakatI hai, vaise hI rAgadveSa rUpI cikanAI ke kAraNa isa AtmA ko karmaraja laga jAtI hai / kSIra-nIra kI taraha AtmA ke sAtha karma mila jAte haiM aura jaba taka vItarAga deva ke parama hitakArI vacanAnusAra tapa-saMyama kA sevana karane meM AtA nahIM, vahA~ taka yaha AtmA svakIya svAbhAvika guNoM ke AsvAdana se pUrNa vaMcita raha kara vibhAvadazA meM rAgadveSa
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________________ saMskRti karmabaMdhana aura mokSa | 235 va moha ke vazIbhUta hokara vAraMvAra janma-maraNa ke kaSToM ko sahana karatA rahatA hai / aise karmajanya vipAka se parimukta hokara AtmA ke svakIya naisargika guNoM kA AsvAdana karanA pratyeka bhavyajanoM kA karttavya hai / hameM duHkha kA kAraNa karma ko samajhanA prathama kartavya hai; kyoMki kAraNa ke binA kArya nahIM hotA / ataH duHkha ke kAraNa karma ke svarUpa, karma kI mUla va uttara prakRti tathA baMdha, udaya, udIraNA va sacA inheM bhalibhA~ti samajhanA cAhiye / se chuTakArA pAne ke lie sukha ke kAraNa tattvazraddhArUpa - samyagdarzana, taccaprakAzaka - samyagjJAna va tattva AcaraNa - samyak cAritra ke svarUpa ko samajha kara ratnatrayI dhAraNa karanA cAhiye / jaise malina vastra vizeSa prakAra se jala sAbUna dvArA zuddha kiyA jAtA hai, ThIka vaise hI yaha AtmA bhI ratnatrayI dvArA karmaraja ke mala se parimukta hokara pUrNa pavitra siddhAtmA tujhya bana jAtA hai /
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________________ vizva ke vicAra-prAMgaNa meM jaina tatvajJAna kI gaMbhIratA zrI ratanalAla saMghavI " nyAyatIrtha-vizArada " choTI sAdar3I. viSaya kI pRSTha-bhUmi vizAla vizva ke vistRta sAMskRtika aura sAhityika prAMgaNa meM Ajadina taka aneka vicAradhArAaiM aura vividha dArzanika kalpanAeM utpanna hotI rahI haiM aura punaH kAlakrama se ananta ke garbha meM vilIna ho gaI haiN| kintu kucha aisI viziSTa, zAMtiprada, gaMbhIra tathA tathyayukta vicAradhArAaiM bhI samaya-samaya para pravAhita huI haiN| jinase ki mAnavasaMskRti meM sukhazAMti, AnaMda-maMgala, kalyANa aura abhyudaya kA saMvikAsa huA hai| ... ina dArzanikatA aura tAtvikatApradhAna vicAradhArAoM meM jainadarzana tathA jainatattvajJAna kA apanA viziSTa aura gauravapUrNa sthAna hai| isa jaina tattvajJAna kI vimaladhArAne mAnavasaMskRti meM aura tattvajJAna kI vicAraNA meM mahAn kalyANakArI aura krAMtiyukta pari. vartana kiye haiN| isase mAnava-vyavahAra aura mAnava-saMskRti ke vikAsa kI pravAhadizA hI mur3a gaI hai / jainatattvajJAnane mAnavadharmoM ke AcArakSetra aura vicArakSetra-donoM meM hI maulika krAMti kI hai aura donoM hI kSetroM meM apanI mahAnatA kI viziSTa tathA sthAyI chApa chor3I hai| cauvIsa tIrthakarasaMbaMdhI jainaparaMparA ke anusAra jainatattvajJAna kI prAcIna mImAMsA aura samIkSA nahIM karate hue Adhunika itihAsa aura vidvAnoMdvArA mAnya dIrgha tapasvI magavAn mahAvIrasvAmI ke yuga ke itihAsa para vicArapUrvaka dRSTipAta kareM to prAmANikarUpa se patA calatA hai ki usa yuga meM bhArata kI saMskRti vaidika rItinItipradhAna thI / uttara bhArata aura dakSiNa-bhArata ke adhikAMza bhAga meM vaidika yajJa-yAga karanA, veda-maMtroM kA uccAraNa karake jIvita vibhinna pazuoM ko hI agni meM homa denA, balidAna kiye hue pazuoM ke mAMsa ko pakA kara khAnA aura isI rIti se yajJa ke mAMsa dvArA pUrvajoM kA tarpaNa karanA hI dharma kA rUpa samajhA jAtA thaa| Izvara ke astitva ko eka viziSTa zakti ke rUpa meM kalpanA karake use hI sAre vizva kA niyAmaka-kA-hartA aura sraSTA mAnanA, varNa-vyavasthA kA nirmANa karake zUdroM ko pazuoM se bhI gayA bItA samajhanA-isa prakAra kI dhArmika vikRti aura sAMskRtika vikRti mahAvIrayuga meM ho calI thii| samAja para aura rAjya para brAmaNa-saMskRti kA, uparokta vaidikapaddhati kA prAdhAnya ho
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________________ saMskRti vizva ke vicAra-prAMgaNa meM jaina tatvajJAna kI gaMbhIratA / 237 calA thA, vedAnuyAyI tathAkathita brAhmaNavarga rAjAvarga para apanA varcasva sthApita kara cukA thA aura isa prakAra samAja meM brAhmaNa tathA kSatriya hI sarvasva the / dharmamArga ' vaidikI hiMsA hiMsA na bhavati ' ke AdhAra para kaluSita tathA unmArgagAmI ho calA thA / aisI viSama aura viparIta paristhitiyoM meM dIrgha tapasvI mahAvIrasvAmIne isa tapopUta RSi bhUmi bhArata para Aja se 2540 (paccIsa sau cAlIsa ) varSa pUrva jainadharma ko mUrttarUpa pradAna kiyA / cUM ki vartamAna jaina tattvajJAna kI dhArA bhagavAn mahAvIra ke kAla se hI pravAhita huI hai; ata eva isa nibandha kI paridhi bhI isI kAla se prAraMbha hokara uttarakAla se saMbaMdhita samajhI prAk aitihAsika kAla se / jAnI cAhiye, na ki mahAvIrasvAmIne isa sArI paristhiti para gambhIra vicAra kiyA aura unheM yaha tathAkathita dhArmikatA viparIta, Atma-ghAtaka, pApa-paMka se kaluSita aura mithyA pratIta huI / unhoMne apane asAdhAraNa vyaktitva ke bala para mAnavajAti ke AcAramArga meM aura vicArakSetra meM AmUla-cUla krAMti karane ke liye apanA sArA jIvana dene kA aura rAjakIya tathA gRhasthasaMbaMdhI bhogopabhogajanita sukhoM kA balidAna dene kA dRr3ha nizcaya kiyA / inake mArga meM bhayaMkara aura mahatI kaThinAiyA~ thIM; kyoM ki ina dvArA prastuta kI jAnevAlI krAMti kA virodha karane ke liye bhArata kA tatkAlIna sArA kA sArA brAhmaNavarga aura brAhmaNavarga kA anuyAyI karor3oM kI saMkhyAvAlA bhAratIya janatA kA janamata thA / rAjyasattA aura vaidika aMdha-vizvAsoM para Azrita, ajeya zaktiyukta janamata inake krAntimArga para, pagapaga para, kAMTe bichAne ke liye yAne upasarga aura bAdhAeM upasthita karane ke liye taiyAra khar3A thA / nirmama aura nirdaya hiMsApradhAna yajJoM ke sthAna para Atmika, mAnasika tathA zArIrika tapapradhAna sahiSNutA kA unheM vidhAna karanA thA evaM mAMsAhAra kA sarvathA niSedha karake ahiMsA ko hI mAnava itihAsa meM eka viziSTa aura sarvopari siddhAnta ke rUpa meM prasthApita karanA thA / IzvarIya vividha kalpanAoM ke sthAna para svAzrayI AtmA kI anaMta zaktiyoM kA darzana karAkara vaidika mAnyatAoM meM evaM vaidika vidhi - vivAnoM meM krAMti lAnA thaa| Izvara aura AtmAsaMbaMdhI tattvajJAnamaya vicAradhAroM ko AtmA kI hI prAkRtika svabhAva-janita anaMtatA meM pravAhita karanA thA / isa prakAra asAdhAraNa aura viSamatama kaThinAiyoM ke bIca tapa, teja aura tyAga ke bala para apanI anupama kaSTasahiSNutA ke AdhAra para azrutapUrva tapasvI bhagavAn mahAvIra - svAmI dvArA pragati diyA huA vicAramArga hI jainadarzana athavA jainadharma kahalAyA / isa prakAra bhagavAn mahAvIrasvAmI kA mahAn tapasyApUrNa balidAna batalAtA hai ki
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________________ 228 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura unhoMne apanI tapopUta nirmala AtmA meM dharma kA maulika svarUpa prApta kiyA, jisake bala para unakA AdhyAtmika kAyAkalpa ho gayA / brahmacarya, satya, ahiMsA, AtmavizvAsa aura bhUtadayA ke amUlya tattva unakI AtmA meM paripUrNatA ko prApta ho gye| unake mahAn jJAnane unheM saMpUrNa brahmANDa ke anAdi, ananta aura aparimeya evaM zAzvat dharma-siddhAntoM ke sAtha saMyojita kara diyaa| jahA~ saMsAra ke anya aneka mahAtmA itihAsa meM khar3e haiN| vahIM hama prAtaHvandanIya bhagavAn mahAvIrasvAmI ko apane alaukika Atmateja se camakate hue asAdhAraNa tejasvI ke rUpa meM dekhate haiN| sudIrgha tapasyA se prajvalita unakA jIvana, ' satya aura ahiMsA ' ke darzana ke liye kiyA huA eka atyaMta asAdhAraNa aura anupama zaktizAlI saphala prayatnavAlA dikhalAI par3atA hai / satya aura ahiMsA kI durabhigamya samasyA ko unhoMne apane Atma-balidAna dvArA suljhaayaa| Aja ke isa vaijJAnikatA. pradhAna vizva meM hama meM se pratyeka ko use apane liye sulajhAnA hai| unakA Adarza, unakI kaSTa-sahiSNutA aura dhyeya ke prati unakI avicala dRr3ha niSThA hameM bala aura saMketa pradAna karatI haiM, hamAre dhairya ko sahArA detI hai aura batalAtI hai ki yahI mArga saccA hai / isI mArga dvArA hama avazya saphala ho sakate haiN| bazarte ki hamAre prayatna bhI sacce hoM / aba hameM yaha dekhanA hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIrasvAmIne jainadharma ke rUpa meM vizvasaMskRti ke AcArakSetra tathA vicArakSetra ko kyA 2 vizeSatAeM pradAna kI haiN| ahiMsA kI sthaapnaa| mAnava-jAti kA Aja dina taka jitanA bhI prAmANika aura vidvanmAnya itihAsa kA anusaMdhAnapUrNa patA calA hai, usase yaha prAmANika rUpa se siddha hotA hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIra svAmI dvArA prerita jainadharma ke pUrvakAla meM yAne mahAvIrayuga ke prAraMbha hone ke pUrva-samaya meM isa pRthvI para kaI mAnavajAti mAMsa Ahara karanevAlI thiiN| vividha pazuoM kA mAMsa khAne meM na to pApa mAnA jAtA thA aura na mAMsa-AhAra ke prati paraheja hI thA evaM na ghRNA hii| aitihAsika ullekhAnusAra sarva prathama mAnavajAti meM se mAMsa-AhAra ko parityAga karAne kI paripATI aura paraMparA prAmANika rUpa se tathA avicala dRr3ha zraddhA ke sAtha jainadharmane hI prasthApita kI hai| - jJAnabala ke dvArA aura AcAravala ke dvArA mAnavajAti ko mAMsa-AhAra se mor3ane kA sarvaprathama zreya jainadharma ko hI hai / isa prakAra " vizvadharmo kI AdhArazilA evaM pramukhatama AcAra-siddhAnta ahiMsA hI hai tathA ahiMsA hI ho sakatI hai-' aisI mahAn aura aparivartanIya mAnyatA mAnavajAti meM paidA karanevAlA sarvaprathama dharma jainadharma hI hai| isa aitihAsika
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________________ saMskRti vizva ke vicAra-prAMgaNa meM jaina tattvajJAna kI gNbhiirtaa| 239 tattva ko vizva ke gaNya-mAnya vidvAnoMne sarvasammata siddhAnta mAna liyA hai / vidha ke anya dharma ahiMsA kI itanI sUkSma, gaMbhIra aura vyavahArayogya yojanA prastuta nahIM karate haiM-jaisI ki jainadharma prastuta karatA hai| jainadharmane apane kaThina tapa-pradhAna AcArabala ke AdhAra para aura akATyatarkasaMyukta jJAnavala ke AdhAra para saMpUrNa hindU dharma banAma vaidika dharma para aura mahAn vyaktitvazIla bauddhadharma para aisI aitihAsika amiTa chApa DAlI ki sadaiva ke liye * ahiMsA hI dharma kI jananI hai ' yaha sarvotama aura sthAyI siddhAnta " dhArmika kSetroM" meM svIkAra kara liyA gyaa| jainadharma kI isa amUlya aura sarvotkRSTa dena ke kAraNa hI IsAI, muslima Adi itara dharmoM meM bhI ahiMsA kI prakAzayukta kucha kiraNeM praviSTa ho sakI haiN| jaina-saMskRti sadaiva ahiMsAvAdinI, sUkSma prANiyoM kI bhI rakSA karanevAlI aura mAnava jIvana ke vividha kSetroM meM bhI ahiMsA kA sarvAdhika prayoga karanevAlI rahI hai / isa dRSTikoNa se jainatattvajJAnane jIva-vijJAna kA ati sUkSma aura gambhIra adhyayanayogya vivecana kiyA hai jo ki vizva sAhitya kA sundara, rocaka tathA jJAnavardhaka adhyAya hai| isa prakAra niSkarSa yaha hai ki jainadharma kI ahiMsAsaMbaMdhI dena kI tulanA vizvasAhitya meM aura vizvasaMskRti meM itara sabhI dharmoM kI denoM ke sAtha nahIM kI jA sakatI hai| kyoMki ahiMsAsaMbaMdhI yaha dena bejor3a hai, asAdhAraNa hai aura maulika hai| yaha ucca mAnavatA evaM sarasa sAtvikatA ko lAnevAlI hai| yaha dena mAnava ko pazutA se uThA kara devasva kI ora pragati karAtI hai; ataH mAnava itihAsa meM yaha anupama aura sarvotkRSTa dena hai / ___ Aja ke yuga ke mahApuruSa, vizvavibhUti rASTrapitA pUjya gAMdhIjI ke vyaktitva ke pIche bhI isI jainasaMskRti se udbhUta ahiMsA kI zakti chipI huI thI-ise kauna nahIM jAnatA hai ! jainadharma meM mAnava kI samAnatA __ ahiMsA ke mahAn vrata aura asAdhAraNa siddhAnta kA mAnava-jIvana ke liye vyAvahArika tathA kriyAtmaka rUpa dene ke liye dainika kriyAoM saMbaMdhI aura jIvanasaMbaMdhI anekAneka niyamoM tathA vidhi-vidhAnoM kA bhI jainadharmane saMsthApana aura samarthana kiyA hai| tadanusAra jaina-siddhAntoM meM varNa-vyavasthA ko koI sthAna nahIM hai / jainadharma varNa-vyavasyA ko heya dRSTi se dekhatA hai; kyoM ki mAnava-mAnava meM bheda karanA spaSTataH hiMsA karanA hai| jaina-saMvidhAna meM mAnavamAtra samAna hai aura mAnavatA kA saMvikAsa karanA hI jainadharma kA mUlabhUta lakSya hai / ataH varNa-vyavasthA kA tiraskAra karatA huA jaina tattvajJAna Adeza detA hai ki janma kI dRSTi se na to koI ucca hai aura na koI nIca; kintu apane-apane acche athavA bure
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________________ 240 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura AcaraNoM dvArA hI samAja meM koI nIca athavA koI ucca ho sakatA hai / mAnavamAtra apane Apa meM svayaM eka hI hai / mAnavatA eka aura akhaNDa hai| sabhI prakAra ke sAmAjika, dhArmika aura AdhyAtmika vidhi-vidhAnoM kA mAnavamAtra samAna adhikArI hai / jo apane Apa ko jaina kahatA huA bhI anya ko ina adhikAroM ke upayoga meM bAdhaka hotA hai athavA anya ko ina adhikAroM se vaMcita karatA hai vaha jainadharma ke anusAra mithyAtvI hai aura jaina nahIM hai, kintu jainAbhAsa hai / bhagavAn kI AjJA kA vaha virAdhaka hai aura tadanusAra use naraka meM jAnA par3egA aisA zAstra meM spaSTataH ullekha hai / kisI bhI dharma ko jo kevala nivRttipradhAna batalAtA hai vaha aparimArjanIya bhayaMkara bhUla karatA hai / jainadharma bhI sAtvika aura naitika pravRtti kA vidhAna karatA huA mAnavasaMskRti tathA mAnavajIvana ke vikAsa ke liye vividha puNya ke kAmoM kA spaSTa ullekha aura Adeza detA hai / upalabdha bhUtakAlIna prAmANika itihAsa se yaha bAta pUrNataH saMpuSTa hai ki kuzala zAsaka, saphala senApati, yogya vyaupArI, karmaNya sevaka aura Adarza gRhastha banane ke liye jainadharma meM koI rukAvaTa nahIM hai| isI liye vibhinna kAla aura vibhinna kSetroM meM samaya-samaya para jainasamAja dvArA saMcAlita ArogyAlaya, bhojanAlaya, zikSaNAlaya, vAcanAlaya, anAthAlaya, jalAzaya aura vizrAmasthAna Adi-Adi rUpa se kiye jAnevAle satkAryoM kI pravRtti kA lekhA dekhA jA sakatA hai| jAti, deza, raMga, liMga, bhASA, veza, nakala, vaMza aura kAla kA kRtrima bheda hote hue bhI mUla meM mAnavamAtra eka hI hai / ataH mAnavamAtra ko eka hI aura samAna hI samajho aura mAnava ke hita meM mAnava kI binA kisI bhI prakAra kI bhedabhAvanA ke zraddhApUrvaka sevA kro| yaha hai jainadharma kI apratima aura amara ghoSaNA-jo ki jainatattvajJAna kI mahAnatA ko vizva ke sabhI dharmoM ke sAmane saccAI aura vAstavikatA ke sarvocca zikhara para pahu~cA detI hai| Atmatatva aura IzvaravAda IsvI san eka hajAra varSa pUrva se lagA karake IsvI san bIsavIM zatAbdI taka ke yuga meM yAne vyatIta hue ina tIna hajAra varSoM meM bhAratIya sAhitya ke jJAnasaMpanna prAMgaNa meM Atmatattva aura IzvaravAda ke saMbaMdha meM hajAroM graMthoM kA nirmANa kiyA gyaa| kula milAkara lAkhoM RSi-muniyoMne, tattva-ciMtakoM ne aura Atma-manISiyoMne, jJAniyoM tathA dArzanikoM ne isa viSaya para gaMbhIra adhyayana, manana, ciMtana aura anusaMdhAna kiyA hai| isa viSaya ko lekara bhinna bhinna samaya meM saikar3oM rAjyasabhAoM meM dhana-ghora aura tumula zAstrArtha hue haiN| isI prakAra isa viSaya para matabheda hone para aneka pragAr3ha pAMDitya-saMpanna diggaja vidvAnoM ko dezanikAlA bhI
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________________ saMskRti vizva ke vicAra-prAMgaNa meM jaina tattvajJAna kI gNbhiirtaa| 241 diyA gayA hai| zAstrArtha meM tAtkAlika aura tathAkathita parAjaya ho jAne para aneka vidvAnoM ko vividha rItise mRtyu-daMDa bhI diyA gayA hai| isa prakAra bhAratIya darzanazAstroM kA yaha eka pramukhatama aura sarvocca vicAraNIya viSaya rahA hai / jainadarzana Izvaratva ko svIkAra karatA huA usako kevala eka Adarza aura utkRSTatama dhyeya mAnatA hai| jainatattvajJAna Izvara ko vizva kA banAnevAlA yAne sraSTA aura niyAmaka evaM pAlaka nahIM mAnatA hai| Izvaratva anubhogya evaM eka lakSyarUpa hai / Izvaratva pratyeka AtmA kA utkRSTatama vikAsa mAtra hai; aura isake sivAya kucha nahIM / ina ukta paMktiyoM kI ati sAmAnya aura ati sthUla vyAkhyA nimna prakAra hai:___jainadarzana kI mAnyatA hai ki saMpUrNa brahmAMDa yAne akhila loka meM kevala do tattva hI haiN| eka to jarUpa acetanAtmaka pudgala aura dUsarA cetanAzIla Atmatatva / ina do tattvoM ke AdhAra se hI saMpUrNa vizva kA nirmANa huA hai / saMpUrNa jJAta aura ajJAta vizva ke hara kSetra meM, hara sthAna meM aura hara aMza meM, yahA~ taka ki sUkSmAtisUkSma bhAga meM ye donoM hI tatva paraspara meM dUdha-pAnI kI taraha saMmizrita rUpa se bhare par3e haiN| koI sthAna aisA nahIM hai jahA~ ki ye donoM tattva ghule-mile na hoM / phira bhI inakA apanA-apanA astitva sattA kI dRSTi se svataMtra aura pRthak-pRthak hai / inakI aneka avasthAeM haiN| inake aneka rUpAntara aura paryAyeM haiN| vividha prakAra kI inakI sthiti hai / isa pakAra saMpUrNa vizva ke AdhAra kA DhA~cA mUlataH ina donoM tattvoM ke AdhAra para hI banA huA hai| ina do ke atirikta tIsarA aura koI nahIM hai| jar3a-pudgala aneka zaktiyoM meM bikharA huA hai| isa kI saMpUrNa zaktiyoM kA patA lagAnA mAnava-zakti aura vaijJAnikoM ke bhI bahira kI bAta hai / reDiyo, vAyaleMsa, tAra, TelIvijana, reDAra, bASpa-zakti, vidyuta-zakti, aNubama, kITANubama, hAIDrojanabama, ithara tatva, kAsmika-kiraNeM, yureniyama, thoreniyama, tArA-nakSatroM kI banAvaTa kA mUla AdhAra aura dRzyamAn jagat ke sabhI padArtha Adi vibhinna rIti se dikhalAI par3anevAle zakti ke sAdhana kevala isa jar3a tattva ke hI rUpAntara mAtra haiN| isa prakAra kI anaMtAnaMta zaktiyA~ isa jar3a tatva meM nihita haiM jo ki svAbhAvika, prAkRtika aura kAlAtIta haiN| isase viparIta cetana tattva hai / yaha bhI saMpUrNa saMsAra ke hara kSetra, hara sthAna aura hara aMza meM anaMtAnaMta rUpa se saghana lohe ke paramANuoM ke samAna piMDIbhUta hai| jaise samudra ke tala se lagA kara sataha taka jala hI jala bharA rahatA hai aura tala-sataha ke bIca meM koI bhI sthAna jala se khAlI nahIM
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________________ ra4ra - zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka graMtha darzana aura rahatA hai| vaise hI akhila vizva meM koI bhI sthAna aisA khAlI nahIM hai jahA~ ki cetana-tattva anaMtAnaMta mAtrA meM na ho / jaise jala ke pratyeka kaNa meM jo kucha tattva aura jo kucha zakti hai, vaisA hI tatva aura vaisI hI zakti samudra ke saMpUrNa jala meM hai / isI taraha se samUha rUpeNa piMDI-bhUta saMpUrNa cetana tattva meM jo-jo zaktiyA~ athavA vRttiyA~ haiM; ve hI aura utanI hI zaktiyA~, vRttiyA~ bhI eka-eka cetana-kaNa meM athavA pratyeka AtmA meM haiM / ye vRttiyA~ anaMtAnaMta rUpa haiM aura zaktiyA~ bhI aparimita haiM, jo ki isa cetana-kaNa meM svAbhAvika haiM, prAkRtika haiM, anAdi haiM, akSaya haiM aura paraspara meM tAdAtmyarUpa haiN| inhIM se cetana-zakti banI huI hai aura cetana-zakti se hI inakA astitva hai| ye paraspara meM upAdAna-kAraNarUpa haiN| ina kA astitva anAdi-anaMtarUpa hai / ye zaktiyA~ pratyeka AtmA ke sAtha sahajAta aura sahacara dharmavAlI haiN| sAMsArika avasthA meM paribhramaNa karate samaya AtmA kI ina zaktiyoM ke sAtha pudgaloM kA ati sUkSmatama se ati sUkSmatama adarzanIya AvaraNa aniSTa vAsanAoM ke kAraNa se aura vRttiyoM ke saMskAroM se saMmizrita rahatA hai| isa kAraNa se ye zaktiyA~ malIna, vikRta, avikasita, ardhavikasita evaM viparIta rUpa se vikasita Adi nAnA rUpoM meM prasphuTita hotI huI dekhI jAtI haiN| cetanatattva sAmUhika piMDa meM saMbaddha hone para bhI pratyeka cetana-kaNa kA apanA-apanA alaga-alaga astitva hai / samUha se alaga ho kara vaha apanA pUrNa aura sAMgopAMga vikAsa kara sakatA hai / jaisA ki hama pratidina dekhate haiM ki vibhinna cetana kaNoMne manuSya-tiryaca Adi avasthAoM ke rUpa meM apanA-apanA vikAsa karake ina avasthAoM ko prApta kiyA haiM aura yadi vikAsa kI gati nahIM ruke to nirantara vikAsa karatA huA pratyeka cetana-kaNa Izvaratva ko prApta kara sakatA hai jo ki vikAsa aura jJAna kI tathA pavitratA evaM sarvoccatA kI aMtima zreNI hai| yaha 'paramatama sarvazreSTha vikAsazIla avasthA' pratyeka cetana-kaNa meM svAbhAvika hai; parantu 'usakA vikAsa kara sakanA athavA vikAsa nahIM kara sakanA' yaha pratyeka cetana-kaNa ke apane-apane prayatna aura apanI-apanI paristhiti para nirbhara hai / pratyeka cetana-kaNa meM arthAt pratyeka AtmA meM yaha svAbhAvika zakti hai ki vaha apane svarUpa ko Izvara-rUpa meM pariNita kara sakatA hai aura isa prakAra apane meM vikasita, akhaNDa, paripUrNa aura vimalajJAna dvArA vizva kI saMpUrNa avasthAoM ko aura usake hara aMza ko dekha sakatA hai| pratyeka AtmA anAdi hai, akSaya hai, nitya hai, zAzvata hai, acintya hai, zabdAtIta hai, agocara hai| mUla rUpa se jJAnasvarUpa hai, nirmala hai, ananta sukhamaya hai| sArAMza yaha hai ki sAkSAt IzvarasvarUpa hI hai| isa kAraNa se sabhI prakAra kI sAMsArika moha aura mAyA Adi
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________________ saMskRti vizva ke vicAra-prAMgaNA meM jaina tattvajJAna kI gNbhiirtaa| 243 vikRtiyoM se yaha Atma-tattva mUlataH pUrNatayA rahita hai aura unase bhinna hai / pratyeka AtmA anaMta zaktizAlI aura anaMta sAtvika sadguNoM kA piMDa-mAtra hai| vAstavika dRSTi se Izvaratva aura Atma-tattva meM koI antara nahIM hai| yaha jo vibhinna prakAra kA antara dikhalAI par3a rahA hai usakA kAraNa bAhya-kAraNoM se saMlagna aura usameM vijar3ita vAsanAeM aura saMskAra haiN| inhIM se vikRtimaya antara avasthA kI utpatti hotI hai| vAsanA aura saMskAroM ke haTate hI AtmA kA mUla svarUpa pragaTa ho jAyA karatA hai| jaise ki bAdaloM ke haTate hI sUrya kA prakAza aura dhUpa nikala AtI hai, vaise hI yahA~ bhI samajha lenA cAhiye / akhila vizva meM aura saMpUrNa brahmANDa meM anaMtAnaMta guNita anaMtAnaMta AtmAeM pAI jAtI haiN| inakI gaNanA kara sakanA IzvarIya jJAna ke bhI bahira kI bAta hai| ye aparimita aura anupameya saMkhyA meM vidyamAna haiN| parantu sabhI AtmAoM meM guNoM kI eka samAnatA hone ke kAraNa se jainadarzana kA yaha dAvA hai ki pratyeka AtmA sAtvikatA aura naitikatA ke bala para Izvaratva ko prApta kara sakatA hai; yAne apane meM sthita sampUrNa Izvaratva ko pratyeka cetanakaNarUpa AtmA prakaTita kara sakatA hai / isa prakAra Ajadina taka anekAneka AtmAoMne Izvaratva kI prApti kI haiN| Izvaratva prApti ke pazcAt ye AtmAeM bhUtakAla meM IzvaratvaprApta anekAneka AtmAoM kI jyoti meM unake samAna hI udbhUta jyotirUpa hotI huI abhinnarUpa se saMmizrita ho jAtI haiM tathA paraspara meM samAna rUpa se ekatva aura ekarUpatva prApta kara letI haiN| isa prakAra aMtarahita samaya ke liye yAne sadaiva aura nirantara ke liye ye AtmAeM isa saMsAra se parimukta ho jAtI haiN| mukta hone ke pazcAt saMsAra meM punaH lauTakara AnA unake liye sarvathA asaMbhava ho jAtA hai / kyoM ki saMsAra-Agamana kA kAraNa saMskAra aura vAsanAeM haiM jo ki una mukta AtmAoM se sarvathA AtyaMtika rUpa se vilaga ho cukI haiN| isa prakAra saMsAra kA kAraNa naSTa ho jAne se punaH janma-maraNa jaise kArya bhI AtyaMtika rUpa se kSINa ho jAyA karate haiM / uparokta rIti se mukta aura IzvaratvaprApta AtmAyeM pUrNatayA vItarAgI hone se saMsAra ke sarjana, vinAzana, rakSaNa, parivardhana aura niyamana Adi pravRttiyoM se sarvathA parimukta hotI haiM / vItarAgatA ke kAraNa se hI sAMsArika pravRttiyoM meM bhAga lene kA unake liye koI kAraNa zeSa nahIM raha jAtA hai / yaha hai jainadarzana kI 'Atmatattva aura Izvaratva' viSayaka maulika dArzanika vicAradhArA jo ki hara AtmA meM puruSArtha, svAzrayatA, karmaNyatA, naitikatA, sevA, paropakAra evaM sAtvikatA kI ucca aura udAtta lahara paidA karatI hai| saMsAra meM jo vibhinna-vibhinna Atma-tattva kI zreNiyA~ dikhAI de rahI haiM unakA kAraNa
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________________ 244 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura mUla-guNoM meM vikRti kI nyUnAdhikatA hai / jisa-jisa AtmA meM jitanA-jitanA sAtvika guNoM kA vikAsa hai vaha AtmA utanI hI Izvaratva ke pAsa hai aura jisameM jitanI-jitanI vikRti kI adhikatA hai utanI-utanI hI vaha Izvaratva se dUra hai / sAMsArika AtmAoM meM paraspara meM pAI jAnevAlI vibhinnatA kA kAraNa sAtvika, tAmasika aura rAjasika vRttiyA~ haiM jo ki hara AtmA ke sAtha karmarUpase, saMskArarUpase aura vAsanArUpase saMyukta haiN| vedAnta-darzana saMbaMdhI 'brahma aura mAyA' kA vivecana, sAMkhya-darzana saMbaMdhI ' puruSa aura prakRti ' kI vyAkhyA, bauddha-darzana saMbaMdhI ' AtmA aura vAsanA ' kA ullekha tathA jaina-darzana saMbaMdhI ukta : AtmA aura karma ' kA siddhAnta mUla meM kAphI samAnatA rakhate haiN| zabda-bheda, bhASA-bheda aura vivecana-praNAlikA-bheda hone para bhI artha meM, mUla tAtparya meM aura mUla-dArzanikatA meM bheda pratIta nahIM hotA hai / jaisA jaina-darzana kA kathana hai usIke anurUpa bhinna 2 zabdoM ke veza meM aura bhinna 2 kathana-praNAlI ke DhA~ce meM usI eka tAtparya ko yAne ' AtmA hI Izvara hai ' isI bAta ko ukta sabhI darzana kahate haiN| __uparokta varNana se jJAta hotA hai ki jaina-darzana kI mAnyatA ' vaizeSika, naiyAyika, mImAMsaka ' Adi vaidika banAma hindU-dharma ke anusAra tathA islAma-krizciyana Adi mata-matAntaroM ke anusAra kevala * Izvara eka hI hai-' aisI nahIM ho kara apane hI prayatnoM dvArA vikAsa kI sarvocca aura aMtima zreNi prApta karanevAlI, nirmalatA aura jJAna kI aNkhaDa tathA akSaya dhArA prApta karanevAlI aura isa prakAra Izvaratva prApta karanevAlI anekAneka AtmAoM kI sarvocca vimalajJAna-jyoti ke rUpa meM sammilita hokara tadanusAra prApta honevAle paramAtmavAda meM hai / isa prakAra anaMta AtmAoMne apanA-apanA vikAsa karake usa sarvocca pada ko akSaya kAla ke liye prApta kiyA hai jise ' Izvaratva ' kahA jAtA hai| parantu yaha dhyAna meM rahe ki IzvaratvaprApta sabhI AtmAoM meM pragaTita aura vikasita guNoM kI saMkhyA aura sthiti sarvathA eka hI hai| unameM paraspara meM kisI bhI prakAra kI bhinnatA athavA vizeSatA nahIM hotI haiN| ataH sabhI IzvaratvaprApta AtmAoM kI sAdRzyatA hone se aura Izvaratva jaise guNa kI ekarUpatA hone se yaha bhI kahA jA sakatA hai ki mUla dRSTi se Izvara eka hI hai| yaha kathana guNoM kI pradhAnatA se hai / AtmAoM kI saMkhyA kI dRSTi se to yaha kahanA par3egA ki Izvara aneka haiM; kyoMki IzvaratvaprApta AtmAe~ aneka haiN| isa taraha se pramANita hai ki ' Izvara eka bhI hai aura aneka bhI haiN| jo ki syAdvAda dRSTi se nirvAdha hai| ata eva isa sRSTi kA kartA, hartA, rakSaka aura niyAmaka koI eka Izvara nahIM hai| parantu isa sRSTi kI saMpUrNa prakriyA svAbhAvika hai| isI bAta ko vedAnta darzana aura sAMkhya
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________________ saMskRti vizva ke vicAra-prAMgaNa meM jaina tattvajJAna kI gaMbhIratA / 245 darzana bhI kama se kahate haiM ki ' mAyA aura prakRti ' dvArA hI vizva kA saMcAlana ho rahA haiN| 'brahma aura puruSa' to darzaka mAtra haiM, niSkriya jaise haiN| ataH IzvarakRta sRSTi ke siddhAnta ko niSedha karanevAle jaina, bauddha, vedAnta aura sAMkhya isa dRSTi se lagabhaga eka hI koTi meM Ate haiM / niSkarSa yaha nikalatA hai ki hara AtmA kA utthAna aura patana apane-apane kRta koM ke anusAra hI huA karatA hai / Izvaratva jaisI zakti kA vizva ke saMcAlana meM na to pratyakSa rUpa se hI hastakSepa hai aura na parokSarUpa se hI vaha Izvara isa vizva kA saMcAlana kiyA karatA hai| IzvarakartRtva jaisI saMskAra-baddha jar3a-mAnyatA ke virodha meM uparokta prakAra kI saiddhAntika aura maulika dArzanika krAMti bhagavAn mahAvIrasvAmIne niDara ho kara kevala apane Atma-bala ke AdhAra para prasthApita kI, jo ki ajeya aura saphala pramANita huI / tatkAlIna IzvarakartRtva mAnyatA ke adhinAyakarUpa pracaMDa aura prabala pravAha ke pratikUla prabhu mahAvIra apane 'puruSArtha dvArA sAdhya prabhupada' kI prasthApanA ke pracAra-kArya meM asaMdigdha rUpa se vijayI hue / pariNAma yaha prasUta huA ki vaidika mAnyatA kSINa hotI huI nirbalatA kI ora bar3hatI gaI / tatkAlIna gaNa-rAjya, rAjAgaNa, janatA aura madhyamavarga tejI ke sAtha vaidika mAnyatAoM kA parityAga karate hue aura bhagavAn mahAvIrasvAmI ke zAsana-cakra meM praviSTa hote hue dekhe gye| sAdhAraNataH saMpUrNa mAnavajAti hajAroM hI nahIM, kintu lAkhoM varSoM se yaha mAnatI AI hai ki Izvara hI isa sRSTi kA kartA hai-prANiyoM ke sukha-duHkha kA vaha vidhAtA hai / vaha Izvara hI hameM mokSa, svarga, naraka Adi gatiyAM pradAna kiyA karatA hai / isa prakAra mAnavajAti Izvara para hI eka mAtra Azrita rahI hai / AtmA kI svataMtra-zakti aura isake puruSArthamaya prayatna para Aja dina taka avizvAsa hI kiyA jAtA rahA hai / parantu dhanya hai una asAdhAraNa tapasvI aura atulanIya Atma-balazAlI prabhu mahAvIrasvAmI ko, jinhoMne ki Izvara-kartRtva-vAda ke sAmane vidroha kA jhaMDA laharAyA aura Izvara se Darane vAlI janatA ke sAmane apanI Atma-zakti kA vizvAsa karAyA tathA unheM yaha samajhAyA kiH appA kattA-vikattA ya: duhANa ya suhANa ya / appA kAmaduhAdheNU; appA me nandaNaM vaNaM / / ___ yaha apanI AtmA hI sukhoM kI athavA duHkhoM kI kartA aura vikartA hai / yaha AtmA hI kAmadhenu hai aura naMdanavana bhI yaha AtmA hI hai / isa prakAra lAkhoM varSoM ke jar3avaddha vicAra ke pratikUla navIna vicAradhArA kA prastuta karanA alaukika zakti kA pradarzana karanA hai| vizva-vicAra-kSetrameM jaina-darzana kI yaha sarvathA maulika aura gaMbhIra bheMTa hai ki jisake
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________________ 246 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha darzana aura dvArA puruSArtha aura prayatna kI ora mAnava janatA ko utsAhapUrNa preraNA milatI hai / isa vicAra - krAMti kI koTi kI anya vicAradhArA DhUMDhane para bhI zAyada hI mila sakegI / isa prakAra mahAvIra - yuga meM pracalita yajJa-praNAlI meM hiMsA-ahiMsA kI mAnyatA meM, varNa-vyavasthA meM aura dArzanika siddhAntoM meM AmUla-cUla parivartana dekhA gayA / yaha saba mahimA kevala jJAta-putra, nirgaMtha, zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIrasvAmI kI kar3aka tapasyA aura gaMbhIra dArzanika siddhAntoM kI hai / vedoM para Azrita tathAkathita vaidika sabhyatAne madhya yuga meM bhI jaina-dharma aura jainadarzana ko khatma karane ke liye bhArI prayatna kiyeH kintu vaha asaphala rahI / isa prakAra pratyeka cetana - kaNarUpa AtmA kI akhaMDatA kA, usake vibhu-svarUpa kA, usa kI vyApaka zakti kA apane Apa meM paripUrNatA kA, Izvara se sarvathA nirapekSa rahate hue apanI pUrNa svataMtratA kA aura svayameva IzvarasvarUpa hI hai-aisI sva-AzrayatA kA vidhAna karake jaina-darzana vizvasAhitya meM 'AtmavAda aura IzvaravAda' saMbaMdhI apanI maulika vicAra-dhArA prastuta karatA haijo ki mAnava - saMskRti ko mahAnatA aura svataMtratA kI ora bar3hAne vAlI hai / ataeva bhAratIya rAjanIti ke kSetra meM saikar3oM varSoM taka videzI bhISaNa AkramaNoM, deza meM AI huI hInatama gulAmI kI AMdhiyoM, pArasparika phUTa kI vinAzaka vibhISikAoM, samaya-samaya para utpanna ativRSTi - anAvRSTijanita durbhikSoM kI jaMjAlamaya beDiyoM aura anya dharmoM kI asahiSNutAmaya durbhAvanAoM ke dvArA prabala aura pracaMDa prahAra karane para bhI jaina darzana kI yaha maulika vicAra-dhArA jyoM kI tyoM akSuNNa hI rahI - isakA mUla kAraNa isa meM nihita zubha, prazasta aura hitAvaha maulika vicAra krAMti hI hai / niSpakSa dRSTi se dekhA jAya to vidita hogA ki isakI AtmavAda saMbaMdhI vicAra-dhArA be jor3a hai aura trikAla satya hai / syAdvAda arthAt nirlepa dRSTikoNa - dArzanika siddhAntoM ke itihAsa meM syAdvAda kA sthAna sarvopari hai / syAdvAda kA ullekha sApekSavAda, anekAntavAda athavA saptabhaMgIvAda ke nAma se bhI kiyA jAtA hai / vividha aura paraspara meM virodhI pratIta honevAlI mAnyatAoM kA aura viparIta tathA vighAtaka vicArazreNiyoM kA samanvaya karake satya kI zodha karanA, dArzanika saMkleza ko miTAnA aura dharmoM evaM dArzanika siddhAntoM ko motiyoM kI mAlA ke samAna eka hI sUtra meM anusyUta kara denA arthAt piro denA hI syAdvAda kI utpatti kA rahasya hai / niHsaMdeha jainadharmane syAdvAda siddhAnta kI vyavasthita rIti se sthApanA karake aura yukti-saMgata vivecanA karake vizva - sAhitya meM virodha aura vinAzarUpa vividhatA ko sarvathA miTA dene kA stutya prayatna kiyA hai|
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________________ saMskRti vizva ke vicAra-prAgaNa meM jaina tatvajJAna kI gNbhiirtaa| 247 vizva ke mAnava-samUhane sabhI dezoM meM, sabhI kAloM meM aura sabhI paristhitiyoM meM naitikatA tathA sukha-zAMti ke vikAsa ke liye samayAnusAra AcAra-zAstra evaM nIti-zAstra ke jo bhinna-bhinna niyama aura paraMparAe sthApita kI haiM ve hI dharma ke rUpa meM vikhyAta huI aura tAtkAlika paristhiti ke anusAra unase mAnava-samUhane vikAsa, sabhyatA aura zAMti bhI prApta kii| kintu kAlAntara meM ve hI paraMparAyeM anuyAyiyoM ke haThAgraha se sAMpradAyikatA ke rUpa meM pariNita hotI gaI; jisase dhArmika-kleza, matAMdhatA, adUradarzitA, haThAgraha Adi durguNa utpanna hote gaye aura akhaNDa mAnavatA eka hI rUpa meM vikasita nahIM hokara khaNDa-khaNDa rUpa meM hotI gii| IsI liye naye-naye dharmoM kI, naye-naye AcAra-zAstroM kI aura naye-naye naitika niyamoM kI AvazyakatA hotI gaI aura tadanusAra inakI utpatti bhI hotI gii| isa prakAra saiMkar3oM pantha aura mata-matAntara utpanna ho gaye aura inakA paraspara meM dvaMdva yuddha bhI hone lgaa| khaNDana-maNDana ke hajAroM graMtha banAye gaye / saiMkar3oM bAra zAstrArtha hue aura mAnavatA dharma ke nAma para kadAgraha ke kIcar3a meM phaMsa kara saMklezamaya ho gaI / aisI gambhIra sthiti meM koI bhI dharma athavA mata-matAntara pUrNa satyarUpa nahIM ho sakatA hai / sApekSa rUpa se satyamaya ho sakatA hai| isa sApekSa satya ko prakaTa karanevAlI eka mAtra vacanapraNAlI syAdvAda ke rUpa meM hI ho sakatI hai| ata eva syAdvAda siddhAnta dArzanika jagat meM aura mAnavatA ke vikAsa meM asAdhAraNa mahatva rakhatA hai; aura isIkA Azraya lekara pUrNa satya prApta karate hue sabhyatA aura saMskRti kA samucita saMvikAsa kiyA jA sakatA hai| vizva kA pratyeka padArtha astirUpa athavA satrUpa hai| jo satrUpa hotA hai vaha paryAyazIla hotA huA nitya yAne avinAzI hotA hai / paryAyazIlatA aura nityatA ke kAraNa se hI hara padArtha ananta dhA~vAlA aura ananta guNoMvAlA hai tathA inhIM ananta dharma-guNoM ke kAraNa se hI eka hI samaya meM aura eka hI sAtha una sabhI dharma-guNoM kA zabdoM dvArA kathana bhI nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai-isI liye syAdvAdamaya bhASA kI aura bhI adhika AvazyakatA pramANita ho jAtI hai / 'syAt ' zabda isI liye lagAyA jAtA hai ki jisase saMpUrNa padArtha usI eka avasthArUpa nahIM samajha liyA jAya / anya guNa-dharmoM kA bhI aura anya avasthAoM kA bhI astitva usa padArtha meM hai-yaha tAtparya ' syAt ' zabda se jAnA jAtA hai| ' syAt ' zabda kA artha ' zAyada hai, saMbhavataH hai, kadAcit hai-' aisA nahIM hai; kyoM ki ye saba saMzayAtmaka haiM / ataeva ' syAt ' zabda kA artha ' amuka nizcit apekSA se-' aisA saMzaya-rahita svarUpavAlA hai / yaha ' syAt ' zabda suvyavasthita dRSTikoNa ko batalAnevAlA hai| matAMdhatA ke kAraNa se hI dArzanikoMne isa siddhAnta ke prati anyAya
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________________ 248 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura kiyA hai aura Aja bhI aneka vidvAn isako binA samajhe hI kucha kA kucha likha diyA karate haiN| __' syAt rUpavAn vastra hai ' arthAt amuka apekSA se kapar3A rUpavAlA hai / isa kathana meM kevala kapar3e ke rUpa se hI tAtparya hai; aura usI kapar3e meM rahe hue gaMdha, rasa, sparza Adi guNa-dharmoM se abhI koI tAtparya nahIM hai / isa kA yaha artha nahIM hai ki -- kapar3A rUpavAlA hI hai aura anya guNa-dharmoM kA niSedha hai / ' ata eva isa kayana meM yaha rahasya hai ki rUpa kI pradhAnatA hai aura anya zeSa kI gauNatA hai-naki niSevatA hai / isa prakAra aneka vidhi se vastu ko kramase aura mukhyatA-gauNatA kI zailI se batalAne vAlA vAkya hI syAdvAda siddhAnta kA aMza hai / ' syAt ' zabda niyAmaka hai; jo ki kathita guNa-dharma ko vartamAna kAla meM mukhyatA pradAna karatA huA usI padArtha meM rahe hue zeSa guNa-dharmoM ke astitva kI bhI rakSA karatA hai / isa prakAra ' syAt ' zabda varNana kiye jAne vAle guNa-dharma kI maryAdA kI rakSA karatA huA zeSa dharmoM ke astitva ko bhI svIkAra karatA huA parokSa rUpase unakA bhI pratinidhitva karatA hai / jisa zabda dvArA padArtha ko vartamAna meM pramukhatA milI hai vahI zabda akelA hI sAre padArthatva ko ghera kara nahIM baiTha jAya; balki anya sahacArI dharmoM kI bhI rakSA ho-yaha kArya ' syAt ' zabda karatA hai| 'syAt vastra nitya ' hai-yahAM para kapar3A rUpa pudgala dravya kI sattA ke dRSTikoNa se nityatva kA kathana hai aura paryAyoM kI gaNanA kI dRSTi se anityatA kI gauNatA hai| isa prakAra trikAla satya ko zabdoM dvArA prakaTa karane kI eka mAtra zailI syAdvAda hI ho sakatI hai| pratidina ke dArzanika jhagar3oM ko dekhatA huA sAmAnya vyakti na to dharma ke rahasya ko hI samajha sakatA hai aura na AtmA evaM Izvara-saMbaMdhI gahana tattva kA hI anubhava kara sakatA hai / ulTA vibhrama meM phaMsa kara kaSAya kA zikAra banajAtA hai / isa dRSTi koNa se ane. kAntavAda mAnava-sAhitya meM be jor3a vicAra-dhArA hai| isa vicAra-dhArA ke bala para hI jainadharma vizva ke dharmoM meM sarvAdhika zAMti-prasthApaka aura satya ke pradarzaka kA pada prApta kara letA hai / isa prakAra anekAntavAda hI satya ko spaSTa kara sakatA hai| kyoM ki satya eka sApekSa tattva hai| sApekSika satya dvArA hI asatya kA aMza nikAlA jA sakatA hai aura isa prakAra pUrNa satya taka pahuMcA jA sakatA hai / isI rIti se mAnava ke liye jJAna-koSa kI zrI vRddhi ho sakatI hai jo ki sabhI vijJAnoM kI abhivRddhi karatI hai / advaitavAda ke samartha aura mahAn AcArya zrI zaMkarAcArya aura anya vidvAnoM dvArA samaya-samaya para kiye jAne vAle pracaMDa pracAra aura prakhara zAstrArtha ke kAraNa se hI bauddha-darzana sarIkhA mahAn prabala darzana to bhArata se
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________________ saMskRti vizva ke vicAra-prAMgaNa meM jaina tasvazAna kI gNbhiirtaa| 249 nirvAsita ho gayA aura laMkA, barmA, cIna, jApAna evaM tibbata Adi dezoM meM jAkara vizeSa rUpa se pallavita huA; jabaki jaina-darzana prabalatama sAhityika bAdhAoM aura pracaMDa tArkika AkramaNoM ke sAmane bhI TikA rahA / isakA kAraNa kevala ' syAdvAda' siddhAnta hI hai / isI kA Azraya le kara jaina vidvAnoMne pratyeka saiddhAntika-vivecanA meM isako mUla AdhAra banAyA / ___ syAdvAda siddhAnta jaina tattvajJAnarUpa AtmA kA prakhara pratibhAsaMpanna mastiSka hai, jisa kI pragati para yaha jaina-darzana jIvita hai aura jisake abhAva meM yaha jaina-darzana samApta ho jAtA hai| madhya-yuga meM bhAratIya kSitija para honevAle rAjanaitika tUphAnoM meM aura vibhinna dharmoM dvArA prerita sAhityika aura vAda-vivAdAtmaka zAstrArtha A~dhiyoM meM bhI jainadarzana kA himA. laya ke samAna aDola aura acala bane rahanA kevala syAdvAda siddhAnta kA hI pratApa hai| jina jainetara dArzanikoMne ise saMzayavAda athavA anizcayavAda kahA hai; nizcaya hI unhoMne isakA gambhIra adhyayana kiye binA hI aisA likha diyA hai| Azcarya to isa bAta kA hai ki prasiddha-prasiddha sabhI dArzanikoMne evaM mahAmati mImAMsakAcArya kumArila bhaTTa Adi bhAratIya dhuraMdhara vidvAnoMne isa siddhAnta kA zabda rUpa se khaNDana karate hue bhI prakArAntara se aura bhAvAntara se apane-apane dArzanika siddhAntoM meM virodhoM ke utpanna hone para virodhAtmaka vivecanarUpa vividhatAoM kA samanvaya karane ke liye isI siddhAnta kA Azraya liyA hai| dIrgha tapasvI bhagavAn mahAvIrasvAmIne isa siddhAnta ko 'siyA asthi, siyA natthi, siyA avaktavaM' ke rUpa meM pharamAyA hai| jisa kA yaha tAtparya hai ki pratyeka vastu-tattva kisI apekSA se vartamAnarUpa hotA hai aura kisI dUsarI apekSA se vahI nAzarUpa bhI ho jAtA hai| isI prakAra se tIsarI apekSA vizeSa se vahI tattva trikAla sattArUpa hotA huA bhI zabdoM dvArA avAcya athavA akathanIya rUpavAlA bhI ho sakatA hai / jaina tIrthaGkara kahe jAnevAle pUjya bhagavAn arihaMtoMne isI siddhAnta ko ' uppanne vA, vigamei vA, dhuveivA '-ina tIna zabdoM dvArA 'tripadI' ke rUpa meM saMgranthita kara diyA hai| isa tripadI kA jaina-AgamoM meM itanA adhika mahattva aura sarvoccazIlatA batalAI hai ki jinake zravaNa-mAtra se hI gaNadharoM ko codaha pUrvo kA saMpUrNa jJAna prApta ho jAyA karatA hai| dvAdazAGgIrUpa vItarAga-vANI kA yaha hRdaya-sthAna kahA jAtA hai| bhAratIya sAhitya ke sUtrarUpa racanA-yuga meM nirmita aura jaina-saMskRta-sAhitya meM sarvaprathama racita hone se mahAn tAttvika Adi grantha ' tattvArtha-sUtra ' meM isI siddhAnta kA
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________________ 250 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pratha darzana aura ' utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvya-yuktaM sat ' isa sUtra ke dvArA ullekha kiyA hai, jisakA tAtparya yaha hai ki jo sat yAne rUpa athavA bhAvarUpa hai usameM pratyeka kSaNa-kSaNa meM navIna-navIna paryAyoM kI utpatti hotI hI rahatI hai evaM pUrva paryAyoM kA nAza athavA parivartana hotA rahatA hai; parantu phira bhI mUla dravya kI dravyatA, mUla sat kI sattA paryAyoM ke parivartana hote rahane para bhI dhauvyarUpa se barAvara kAyama rahatI hai| vizva kA koI bhI padArtha isa sthiti se vaMcita nahIM hai| ___ bhAratIya sAhitya ke madhya-yuga meM tarka-jAla- saMgumphita ghanaghora zAstrArtha rUpa saMgharSamaya samaya meM jaina-sAhityakAroMne isI syAdvAda siddhAnta ko ' syAt asti, syAt nAsti aura syAt avaktavyaM ' ina tIna zabda-samUha ke AdhAra para saptabhaGgI ke rUpa meM sthApita kiyA hai / isa prakAraH (1) " uppanne vA, vigaevA, dhuve vA " nAmaka arihaMta-pravacana, (2) "siyA asthi, siyA nasthi, siyA avaktavaM" nAmaka Agama-vAkya, (3) " utpAda-dhrauvya-yuktaM sat " nAmaka saMskRta-zabda sUtra aura (4) " syAd asti, syAt nAsti, syAt avaktavyaM " nAmaka saMskRta vAkya / ye saba syAdvAda-siddhAnta ke vAcaka rUpa haiM, zabda rUpa kathAnaka haiM athavA bhASA rUpa zarIra haiM / syAdvAda kA yahI bAhya rUpa hai| syAdvAda ke saMbaMdha meM vistRta likhane kA yahA~ para avasara nahIM hai; ata eva vistRta jAnane ke icchuka mahAnubhAva anya graMthoM se isa viSayaka jJAna prApta kreN| isa prakAra vizvasAhitya meM jaina-darzana dvArA prastuta anekAntavAda athavA syAdvAda eka amUlya aura viziSTa yogadAna hai, jo ki sadaiva ujjvala nakSatra ke samAna vizvasAhityAkAza meM ati jvalaMta jyoti ke rUpa meM prakAzamAna hotA rahegA aura vizva-dharmoM ke saMgharSa meM cIphajasTisa yAne saumya pradhAna nyAya-mUrti ke rUpa meM apanA gauravazIla sthAyI sthAna banAye rkkhegaa| karmavAda aura guNasthAna jaina-darzana IzvarIya-zakti ko vizva ke kartA, hartA aura dhartA ke rUpa meM nahIM mAnatA hai, jisa kA tAtparya IzvarIya sattA kA virodha karanA nahIM hai; apitu AtmA hI kartA hai aura AtmA hI bhoktA hai-isameM niyAmaka kA kArya svakRta karma hI karate haiN| karma kA ullekha vAsanA zabda se, saMskAra zabda se aura prArabdha zabda se tathA aise hI anya zabdoM dvArA bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai| ye karma acetana haiM, rUpI haiM, pudgaloM ke ati sUkSmatama se sUkSmatama aMza se nirmita hote haiM / ye akhila loka-vyApI hote haiN| karma--samUha acetana aura jar3a hone para
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________________ saMskRti vizva ke vicAra-prAMgaNa meM jaina tattvajJAna kI gaMbhIratA / 251 bhI pratyeka AtmA meM rahe hue vikAroM aura kaSAyoM ke bala para 'jar3a-auSadhi ke guNa-doSa anusAra ' apanA phala yathA samaya meM aura yathA rUpa meM pradarzita kara diyA karate haiN| isa karma-siddhAnta kA vizeSa svarUpa karmavAda ke graMthoM se jAnanA cAhiye / yahA~ to itanA hI paryApta hogA ki karma-vAda ke bala para jaina-dharmane pApa-puNya kI vyavasthA kA prAmANika aura vAstavika siddhAnta kAyama kiyA hai / punarjanma, mRtyu, mokSa Adi svAbhAvika ghaTanAoM kI saMgati karma-siddhAnta ke AdhAra para pratipAdita kI hai / sAMsArika avasthA meM AtmAsaMbaMdhI sabhI dazAoM aura sabhI paristhitiyoM meM karma-zakti ko hI saba kucha batalAyo hai| phira bhI AtmA yadi jAgRta aura saceta ho jAya to karma-zakti ko parAsta karake apanA saMvikAsa karane meM svayaM samartha ho sakatI hai| ___ karma-siddhAnta janatA ko Izvara-kartRta aura Izvara-preraNA jaise aMdha-vizvAsa se mukta karatA hai aura isake sthAna para AtmA kI svataMtratA kA, sva-puruSArtha kA, sarva-zaktisaMpannatA kA aura AtmA kI paripUrNatA kA dhyAna dilAtA huA isa rahasya kA ullekha karatA hai ki pratyeka AtmA kA aMtima dhyeya aura aMtima vikAsa Izvaratva-prApti hI hai| jaina-dharmane pratyeka sAMsArika AtmA kI doSa-guNa-saMbaMdhI aura hAsa-vikAsa-saMbaMdhI AdhyAtmika-sthiti ko jAnane ke liye, nirIkSaNa ke liye aura parIkSaNa ke liye 'guNasthAna' ke rUpa meM eka AdhyAtmika jA~ca praNAlI athavA mApa-praNAlI bhI sthApita kI hai, jisa kI sahAyatA se samIkSA karane para aura mImAMsA karane para yaha patA cala sakatA hai ki kaunasI sAMsArika AtmA kaSAya Adi kI dRSTi se kitanI avikAsa-zIla hai aura kaunasI AtmA cAritra Adi kI dRSTi se kitanI vikAsa-zIla hai ! yaha bhI jAnA jA sakatA hai ki pratyeka sAMsArika AtmA meM moha kI, mAyA kI, mamatA kI, tRSNA kI, krodha kI, mAna kI aura lobha Adi vRttiyoM kI kyA sthiti hai ! ye durvRtiyA~ kama mAtrA meM haiM athavA adhika mAtrA meM ! ye udaya avasthA meM haiM athavA upazama avasthA meM haiM ! ina vRttiyoM kA kSaya ho rahA hai athavA kSayopazama ho rahA hai ! ina vRttiyoM kI paraspara meM udIraNA aura saMkrAMti bhI ho rahI hai athavA nahIM ! sattArUpa se ina vRttiyoM kA khajAnA kitanA aura kaisA hai ! kaunasI AtmA sAtvika vRttivAlI hai aura kaunasI AtmA tAmasika vRttivAlI ! tathA kaunasI rAjas prakRti kI hai ! athavA amuka AtmA meM ina tInoM prakRtiyoM kI saMmizrita sthiti kaisI kyA hai ! kaunasI AtmA devatva aura mAnavatA ke ucca guNoM ke najadIka hai aura kauna AtmA inase dUra hai ! ___uparokta ati gambhIra AdhyAtmika samasyA ke adhyayana ke liye jainadarzanane 'guNa
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________________ 252 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura sthAna' banAma AdhyAtmika kramika vikAsa-zIla zreNiyA~ bhI nirdhArita kI haiM jinakI kula saMkhyA caudaha haiM / yaha adhyayana-yogya, ciMtana-yogya aura manana-yogya eka sundara, sAtvika aura viziSTa vicAra-dhArA hai-jo ki manovaijJAnika paddhati ke AdhAra para AMtarika-vRttiyoM kA upAdeya aura hitAvaha citraNa hai| isa vicAra-dhArA kA vaidika-darzana meM bhUmikAoM ke nAma se aura bauddha-darzana meM avasthAoM ke nAma se ullekha aura varNana pAyA jAtA hai; kintu jaina-sAhitya meM isakA jaisA sUkSma aura vistRta varNana susaMyama aura suvyavasthita paddhati se pAyA jAtA hai usakA apanA eka vizeSa sthAna hai aura vaha vidvAnoM ke liye aura vizva-sAhitya ke liye adhyayana evaM anusaMdhAna kA viSaya hai| bhautika vijJAna aura jaina-khagola Adi____ jaina-sAhitya meM khagola-viSaya ke saMbaMdha meM bhI isa DhaMga kA varNana pAyA jAtA hai ki jo Aja ke vaijJAnika khagolajJAna ke sAtha varNana kA bheda; bhASA kA bheda; aura rUpaka kA bheda hone para bhI arthAntara se tathA prakArAntara se bahuta kucha sadRza hI pratIta hotA hai| Aja ke bhautika-vijJAnane siddha karake batalAyA hai ki prakAza kI cAla pratyeka sekiMr3a meM eka lAkha chIMyAsI hajAra (1,86000) mIla kI hai / isa hisAba se (2654 dina 4 24 ghaMTA 460 miniTa x 60 sekiMDa x 1,86000) mIla jitanI mahatI aura vistRta dUrI ke mApa ke lihAja se ' eka Aloka varSa ' aisI saMjJA vaijJAnikoMne dI hai| vaijJAnikoM kA kahanA hai ki AkAza meM aise-aise tAre haiM, jinakA prakAza yadi yahA~ taka A sake to usa prakAza ko yahA~ taka Ane meM saikar3oM 'Aloka-varSa ' taka kA samaya laga sakatA hai / aise tArAoM kI saMkhyA laukika bhASAM meM araboM-kharaboM taka kI khagola-vijJAna batalAtA hai| AkAza-gaGgA banAma nihArikA nAma se tArAoM kI jo ati sUkSma jhAMkI eka lAina ke rUpa se AkAza meM rAtri ke ATha baje ke bAda se dikhAI detI hai una tArAoM kI dUrI yahA~ se saikar3oM ' Aloka-varSa ' jitanI vaimAnika vidvAn kahA karate haiN| ___ isa viSaya meM jaina-darzana kA kathana hai ki ( 38112970 mana x 1000 ) itane manoM ke vajana kA eka golA pUrI zakti se pheMkA jAne para chaH mahine, chaH dina, chaH pahara, cha ghar3I aura chaH pala meM jitanI dUrI vaha golA pAra kare, utanI dUrI kA mApa 'eka rAjU kahalAtA hai / isa prakAra yaha saMpUrNa brahmAMDa yAne Avila loka kevala caudaha rAjU jitanI laMbAI kA hai aura caur3AI meM kevala sAta rAjU jitanA hai| aba vicAra kIjiyegA ki
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________________ saMskRti vizva ke vicAra-prAMgaNa meM jaina tattvajJAna kI gNbhiirtaa| 253 vaijJAnika saikar3oM aura hajAroM Aloka varSa nAmaka dUrI-parimANa meM aura jaina-darzanasammata rAjU ke dUrI-parimANa meM kitanI sAdRzyatA hai ! isI prakAra saikar3oM aura hajAroM Aloka varSa jitanI dUrI para sthita jo tAre haiM ve paraspara meM eka-dUsare kI dUrI ke lihAja se karor3oM aura araboM mIla jitane antara vAle haiM aura inakA kSetraphala bhI karor3oM aura araboM mIla jitanA hai / isa vaijJAnika tathya kI tulanA jaina-darzanasammata vaimAnika devatAoM ke vimAnoM kI pArasparika dUrI aura unake kSetraphala ke sAtha kIjiyegA to patA calatA hai ki kSetraphala ke lihAja se paraspara meM kitanA varNanasAmya hai| vaimAnika devatAoM ke vimAnarUpa kSetra paraspara kI sthiti kI dRSTi se eka dUsare se araboM mIla dUra hone para bhI mUla devatA yAne mukhya indra ke vimAna meM AvazyakatA ke samaya meM 'ghaMTA' kI tumula ghoSaNA yAne dhvani-vizeSa hone para zeSa saMbaMdhita lAkhoM mIloM kI dUrI para sthita lAkhoM vimAnoM meM usI samaya binA kisI bhI dRzyamAna AdhAra ke aura kisI bhI padArtha dvArA saMbaMdha rahita hone para bhI 'vAyara-lesa paddhati se ' tumula ghoSaNA aura ghaMTA-ninAda zuru ho jAtA hai / yaha kathana ' reDiyo aura TelIvijana evaM saMparka-sAdhaka anya vidyata-zakti ' kA hI pUrva prakaraNa nahIM to aura kyA hai ! aisA yaha ' reDiyo-saMbaMdhI' zakti-siddhAnta jaina-darzana hajAroM varSa pahile hI vyakta kara cukA hai| zabda rUpI haiM, paugAlika haiM aura kSaNamAtra meM hI sAre loka meM phaila jAne kI zakti rakhate haiM-aisA vijJAna jaina-darzanane hajAroM varSa pahale hI ciMtana aura manana dvArA batalA diyA thaa| isa siddhAnta ko jaina-darzana ke sivAya Aja dina taka vizva kA koI bhI darzana mAnane ko taiyAra nahIM huA thA / vahI jaina-darzana dvArA pradarzita siddhAnta aba * reDiyo-yuga' meM eka svayaMsiddha aura nirvivAda viSaya bana sakA hai| bhAratIya anya darzana 'zabda' ko arUpI aura AkAza kA guNa mAnate Aye haiM; kintu jaina darzana zabda ko rUpI, pudgalAtmaka, pakar3a meM Ane yogya aura pudgaloM kI anya avasthAoM meM rUpAntara hone yogya mAnatA AyA hai / pudgala ke hara sUkSma se sUkSma paramANu meM aura aNu-aNu meM mahAn sajanAtmaka zakti aura saMyoga-anusAra ati bhayaMkara vinAzaka zakti svabhAvataH rahI huI hai-aisA siddhAnta bhI jaina-darzana hajAroM varSa pahale hI samajhA cukA hai| vahI siddhAnta aba 'eTamabama, kITANubama aura hAiDrojana elekTrika bama ' banane para vizvasanIya samajhA jAne lagA hai| ___ Aja kA vijJAna pratyakSa pramANoM ke AdhAra para ananta tArAoM kI kalpanAtIta vistIrNa valayAkAratA kA, anumAnAtIta vipula kSetraphala kA aura ananta dUrI kA jaisA varNana
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________________ 254 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura karatA hai aura brahmAMDa kI anantatA jaisA bayAna karatA hai, usa saba kI tulanA jaina-darzana meM varNita caudaha rAjU pramANa loka-sthiti se aura loka ke kSetra-phala se bhASAbheda, rUpakabheda aura varNanabheda hone para bhI ThIka-ThIka rIti se kI jA sakatI hai| __mAja ke bhUgarbha-vettAoM aura khagolavettAoM kA kathana hai ki pRthvI kisI samaya meM yAne kharavoM varSa pahale sUrya kA hI sammilita bhAga thii| ' nIloM aura poM' varSoM pahale isa brahmAMDa meM kisI ajJAnazakti se athavA kAraNoM se khagola-vastuoM meM AkarSaNa aura pratyAkarSaNa huA aura usa kAraNa se bhayaMkara se bhayaMkara akalpanIya pracaMDa-visphoTa huA jisase sUrya ke kaI-eka bar3e-bar3e bhImakAya Tukar3e chiTaka pdd'e| ve hI Tukar3e araboM aura kharaboM varSoM taka sUrya ke cAroM ora anaMtAnaMta paryAyoM meM parivartita hote hue cakkara lagAte rhe| aMta meM ve hI Tukar3e Aja budha, maMgala, guru, zukra, zani, candra aura pRthvI ke rUpa meM hamAre sAmane haiM / pRthvI bhI sUrya kA hI Tukar3A hai aura yaha bhI kisI samaya meM Aga kA hI golA thI, jo ki asaMkhya varSoM meM nAnA paryAyoM tathA prakriyAoM meM parivartita hotI huI Aja isa rUpa meM upasthita hai / uparokta kathana jaina-sAhitya meM varNita 'ArA-parivartana' ke samaya kI bhayaMkara agni-varSA, patthara-varSA, aMdhar3a-pravAha, asahanIya aura kalpanAtIta satata jaladhArAvarSaNa evaM anya tIkSNatama evaM karkazatama padArthoM kI kaThora zabdAtIta rUpa se ati bhayaMkara svarUpavAlI varSA ke varNana ke sAtha vivecanA kI dRSTi se kitanI samAnatA rakhatI hai-yaha vicAraNIya hai| itihAsajJa vidvAnoM dvArA varNita prAk-aitihAsika yuga meM prakRti ke sAtha prAkRtika vastuoM dvArA hI jIvana-vyavahAra calAnevAle-mAnavajIvana kA citraNa aura jainasAhitya meM varNita prathama tIna ArAoM se saMbaMdhita yugala jor3I ke jIvana kA citraNa zabdAntara aura rUpAntara ke sAtha kitanA aura kisa rUpa meM milatA-julatA hai ! yaha eka khoja kA viSaya hai| jaina-darzana hajAroM varSoM se vanaspati Adi meM bhI cetanatA aura Atmatattva mAnatA A rahA hai| sAdhAraNa janatA aura anyadarzana isa ko nahIM mAnate the / parantu zrI jagadIzacandra bosane apane vaijJAnika tarIkoM se pramANita kara diyA hai ki vanaspati meM bhI cetanatA aura Atmatattva hai| aba vizva kA sArA vidvAn varga isa bAta ko mAnane lagA hai| sAhitya aura kalA bhagavAn mahAvIrasvAmI ke yuga se le kara Ajadina taka ina paccIsa sau varSoM meM avi. chinnarUpa se hara yuga meM aura hara samaya meM jaina-samAja meM ucca koTi ke graMtha-lekhakoM kA
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________________ saMskRti vizva ke vicAra-prAMgaNa meM jaina tasvajJAna kI gNbhiirtaa| 255 vipula varga aura vidvAnoM kA samUha rahA hai| jina kA sArA jIvana ciMtana meM, manana meM, adhyayana meM aura vividha viSayoM meM ucca se ucca koTi ke graMthoM kA nirmANa karane meM hI vyatIta huA hai| khAsataura para jaina-sAdhuoM kA bahuta bar3A bhAga pratyeka samaya meM isa kArya meM saMlama rahA hai| isa liye adhyAtma, darzana, vaidyaka, jyotiSa, maMtra-taMtra, saMgIta, sAmudrika aura lAkSaNika-zAstra, bhASAzAstra, chaMda, kAvya, nATaka, caMpU, purANa, alaMkAra, kathA, koSa, vyAkaraNa, tarkazAstra, yoga-zAstra, citrakalA, sthApatyakalA, mUrtikalA, gaNita, nIti, jIvana. caritra, itihAsa, tAttvika-zAstra, AcAra-zAstra, lipi-kalA, dhvani-zAstra, pazu-vijJAna evaM sarva-darzanasaMbaMdhI vividha aura rocaka tathA lalita-graMthoMkA hajAroM kI saMkhyA meM nirmANa huA hai| prAkRta, saMskRta, apabhraMza, tAmila, telagu, kannar3a, gujarAtI, hindI, mahArASTrIya evaM itara bhAratIya aura videzI bhASAoM meM bhI jaina-graMthoM kA nirmANa huA hai| jaina-sAhitya kI racanA avichinna dhArA ke sAtha maulikatApUrvaka vipula mAtrA meM pratyeka samaya meM hotI rahI hai| aura isI liye jainavAGgamaya meM 'vividha bhASAoM kA itihAsa', 'lipiyoM kA itihAsa', 'bhAratIya-sAhitya kA itihAsa', 'bhAratIya-saMskRti kA itihAsa', 'bhAratIya rAjanaitika ItihAsa' evaM 'vyaktigata jIvana-caritra' Adi vibhinna itihAsoM kI prAmANika sAmagrI bharI par3I hai| jisakA anusaMdhAna karane para bhAratIya-saMskRti ke samujvala paTala para rocaka, jJAna-vardhaka aura prAmANika prakAza par3a sakatA hai / __ jaina-sAhitya ke vividha kAraNoM se hajAroM graMthoM ke vinaSTa ho jAne ke bAvajUda bhI Aja bhI aprakAzita graMthoM kI saMkhyA hajAroM taka pahuMca jAtI hai, jo ki bhArata ke aura videzoM ke vividha bhaMDAroM aura pustakAlayoM meM saMgrahita hai / jaina-darzana ke karma-kartA-vAdI aura punarjanmavAdI hone se isakA kathA-sAhitya vilakSaNa manovaijJAnika zailI vAlA hai| aura isI kAraNa se yaha kathA-sAhitya AtmA ko svAbhAvika, vaibhAvika aura ubhayAtmaka ananta vRttiyoM kA aura prANiyoM kI jIvana-ghaTanAoM kA vividha zailI se aura Azcaryajanaka praNAlI se citraNa karatA huA rocaka evaM jJAna-vardhaka vizleSaNa karane vAlA hai| ataeva isa kI kathA-nidhi vizva-sAhitya kI mahatI evaM amUlya saMpadA hai-jo ki prakAza meM Ane para hI jJAta ho sakatI hai| jaina mUrti-kalA aura jaina sthApatyakalA bhAratIya-kalA ke kSetra meM apanA viziSTa aura mahAn sthAna rakhatI hai / jaina kalA kA dhyeya * satyaM, zivaM aura sundaraM ' kI sAdhanA karanA hI rahA hai aura isa dRSTi se ' kalA kevala kalA ke liye hI hai ' ke sAtha meM usase
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________________ 256 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-praya darzana aura jIvanotkarSa karanevAlI preraNA prApta ho-isa saMmilita Adarza kA jaina kalAkAroM dvArA ThIkaThIka rIti se pAlana kiyA gayA hai| samAja kA yuga-kartavya ___ Aja kA yuga mazIna pradhAna hai| tAra, TelIphona, moTara, jahAja, relagAr3I tathA reDiyo ke vipula sAdhanoM se evaM aNubama, udjanabama kI zakti se Aja saMsAra kI zakala hI palaTa gaI hai evaM dina pratidina vizeSa-vizeSa antara par3atA jA rahA hai / dainika jIvanavyavahAra kI vastuoM kA utpAdana vizAla paimAne para uparokta zaktiyoM ke AdhAra se taiyAra kiyA jA rahA hai / vizva ko bhautika sAdhanoM se paripUrNa aura eka sAmAnya dvIpa ke rUpa meM pariNita kiye jAne kA bhArI prayatna kiyA jA rahA hai / isakA pariNAma yaha AyA hai ki prAcIna vicAra-dhArAoM kA, prAcIna vizvAsoM kA aura prAcIna saMskRti kA vartamAna-yuga kI paristhiti se aura vicAroM se sarvathA hI saMbaMdha kaTa gayA ho aisA pratIta ho rahA hai / jo vicAra aura jo vizvAsa Aja dina taka AdhAra-bhUta aura sammAnanIya gine jAte the ve saba aba zaMkA ke ghere meM, tarka kI jAma meM aura aMdha-vizvAsa ke rUpa meM mAlUma par3ane lage haiN| aise asAdhAraNa samaya meM jaina-dharma kI rakSA' kA mahAn prazna upasthita ho gayA hai| ise korI kalpanA athavA bhrama-mAtra hI nahIM samajheM; yaha vAstavika vastusthiti hai| bhAratameM sAmAjika aura Arthika krAMti sannikaTa haiM aura tadanusAra dhanavAnoM kA dhana kramazaH gavarnameMTa ke khajAnoM meM nizcita rUpa se AgAmI paccIsa varSoM meM avazyameva calA jAnevAlA hai| aisI dhruvasthiti meM jainadharma ke pracAra, prasAra aura sAhitya ke prakAzanArtha bhArI rakama kA phaNDa ikaTThA kiyA jAnA parama Avazyaka hai| Aja hamArI samAja meM eka sau se Upara karor3apati aura hajAroM lakhapati haiN| Aja samAja kA netRtva inhIM ke hAthoM meM hai / aura isa prakAra samAja kA bhaviSya sattA aura pUMjI ke madhya adhara jhUla rahA hai / ina dhanavAloM kA naitika kartavya hai ki ye sajjana Aja ke yuga meM jaina-dharma, jaina-darzana, jaina-sAhitya aura jaina saMskRti ke pracAra ke liye, vikAsa ke liye aura kalyANa ke liye sAhitya ke prakAzana kI vyavasthA vipulamAtrA meM kreN| yahI yuga-pukAra aura yuga-kartavya hai| AnevAlA yuga sAhitya kA pracAra aura sAhitya kA prakAzana hI cAhegA aura isI kArya dvArA hI jaina-samAja aura jaina-dharma Tika sakegA / kyA koI batalA sakatA hai ki AnevAle navIna samAjavAdI artha vyavasthAvAle, yAMtrika
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________________ saMskRti vizva ke vicAra-prAMgaNa meM jaina tattvajJAna kI gaMbhIratA / 257 sAdhanoMvAle, bhautikatAmaya jIvanavAle aura prachanna nAstikatAvAle aise abhUtapUrva yuga meM jaina dharma aura jaina-saMskRti ke astitva ko banAye rakhane ke liye aura isake pUrNa vikAsa ke liye samAja kyA kucha prayatna karegA ! ananta guNoM ke pratIka, maGgalamUrci, parama prabhu vItarAgadeva se Aja zarada-pUNimA ke nirmala evaM punIta zubha divasa para yahI pAvana prArthanA hai ki ahiMsA pradhAna AcAra dvArA aura syAdvAdapradhAna vicAroM dvArA mAnava-jAti meM naitikatA aura sAtvikatA kA prazasta evaM paripUrNa prakAza phaile tathA akhaNDa mAnavatA 'satyaM-zivaM-mundaram ' kI ora praguNAtmaka pragati kare / tathAstu /
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________________ aparigraha | saMtapravara zrI gaNezaprasAdajI vaNA, isarI. parigraha pApa nivAra jina jAnA Atama pantha / Atmatatva meM rami rahe namauM pUrNa nirgrantha // isa bhavATavI saMsAra meM prANiyoM kI jo avasthA ho rahI hai-vaha kisI se gupta nahIM / pratyeka ko anubhava hai / isakA mUla kAraNa kyA hai ! isakA kharataradRSTi se vicAra karanA hamArA mukhya dhyeya hai / yadi Apa alpa upayoga lagA kara anveSaNa kareMge, taba isakA mUla kAraNa parigraha hI pAveMge / parigraha kyA hai ! 1 1 isa para vicAra karane se hI usakA svarUpa samajha meM AjAvegA / mithyAdarzana, mithyAjJAna, mithyAcAritra hI parigraha haiN| inameM bhI mithyAdarzana hI mUla hai / isake sadbhAva meM hI mithyAjJAna aura mithyAcAritra antarbhUta hote haiM / mithyAdarzana ke cale jAne para jJAna meM mithyAtva aura cAritra meM mithyAtva vyavahAra nahIM rahatA hai / jJAna meM samyak aura cAritra meM saMyama vyavahAra hone lagatA hai / taca cAritra ke vikAra jo krodhAdirUpa pariNamate haiM - pariNamo, jaisA mithyAtva ke sAtha unakA bala thA vaha nahIM rahatA / jaba taka zvAna (kuttA) svAmI ke sAtha rahatA hai, vaha siMha ke sadRza pauruSa dikhalAne kI ceSTA karatA hai / parantu svAmI kA samAgama chUTa jAne para vaha taba eka yaSTiprahAra se bhAga jAtA hai / ataH krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha inako jaba taka mithyAdarzana kA samAgama rahatA hai, taba taka inakI zakti pUrNa rahatI hai| isake abhAva meM yaha bAta nahIM rahatI / ataH Avazyaka haiM ki hama isa zatru se pahale apanI AtmA ko pRthak kareM / yaha mithyAtva parigraha dUra ho sakatA hai; kyoM ki audayika bhAva hai / svAmIne isakA lakSaNa yoM likhA hai: --- " yasya sadbhAve AtmA nijasvarUpAtparAGmukho jAyate tadeva mithyAdarzanaM / " 1 isakA nirUpaNa karanA ati kaThina hai / yaha to apane kArya se jAnA jAtA hai / padArthoM meM ananta ( 36 )
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________________ saMskRti aparigraha / 259 zaktiyAM haiN| ve dRSTigocara nhiiN| unakA kArya se anubhava hotA hai| jaise AtmA meM sattA nAmaka zakti hai; parantu usakA pratyakSa nahIM / vaha utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvya se jAnI jAtI hai / vAta rogakA pratyakSa nahIM / pairoM meM vedanA hone se usake honekA anubhava kiyA jAtA hai / vaha vaidya ko bhI pratyakSa nahIM / nAr3I kI gati se anumAna karatA hai ki amuka roga isako hai| hama AtmA aura zarIra ke mela ko AtmA mAnate haiN| do padArthoM ko eka mAnanA donoM ke svarUpa kA paricAyaka nhiiN| isIkA nAma mithyAjJAna hai / yaha jJAna jisake sadbhAva meM hotA hai usIkA nAma mithyAdarzana hai| jaise jaba kAmalA roga ho jAtA hai, taba manuSya 'pItaH zaMkhaH' yaha bhAna karatA hai / yadyapi zaMkha pIta nahIM huvA; parantu kAmalA roga meM pIta hI dikhAI detA hai / usa roga ke sadbhAva meM yahI hotA hai / ataH usase lar3anA mahatI ajJatA hai-use ajJAnI batAnA sarvathA anucita hai / yadi usake Upara Apa kA prema hai to usakA kAmalA roga dUra ho vaha karanA Apa kA kartavya hai| usako mUrkha kahanA kisIko zobhAprada nahIM / antaraGga prameya kI apekSA usakA jJAna satya hai| bAhya pramANa kI apekSA meM vaha jJAna mithyA hai| antarA ke prameya kI apekSA satya hai / ataH bAhya aura antaraGga 2 prakAra ke prameya haiN| antaraGga prameya kI apekSA koI jJAna apramANa nahIM / bAhya prameya kI apekSA pramANa bhI hai aura apramANa bhI hai| hama vyartha meM hI paraspara meM virodha kara lete haiN| AvazyakatA isa bAta kI hai ki yadi kisIkA jJAna prAnta hai to Apa usa prAnti ko vAraNa kriye| sarvathA to mithyA nahIM hai / antaraGga prameya to hai hI, kintu bAhya prameya nahIM hai / isIse use prAnta kahate ho| jaise kisIko rajju meM sarpabhrAnti ho gayI, vaha bhAgatA hai| yadi usake jJAna meM sarpa na hotA, taba vaha bhayabhIta hokara palAyamAna na hotaa| vicAra se dekho to usakA bhAganA, jaba taka usake jJAna meM sarpa hai, ThIka hai| kintu jo koI use yathArtha jJAna karA deve vahI usakA mitra hai / he bhAI ! dUratvAdi doSa se Apa ko rajju meM sarpa kI bhrAnti to gii| vahAM sarpa nahIM hai, rajju hai / tathAhi-prathama to rajju meM 'sarpo'yaM yaha sarpa hai| uttarakAla meM jaba samIpa kSetra meM AtA hai, taba prathama jJAna ke viruddha yaha jJAna hotA hai' nAyaM sarpaH ' yaha sarpa nahIM hai| aisA bAhya jJAna hone se bhrAnti kA abhAva ho jAtA hai| mithyAtva parigrahakA svarUpa isI prakAra isa jIva ko anAdikAla se mithyAtva roga ho raha hai / usake udaya meM zarIra meM Atmabuddhi ho rahI hai| zarIra ko hI AtmarUpeNa pratIti karatA hai| phala usakA nAnA yoniyoM meM paryaTana hotA hai| aisI koI bhI yoni nahIM jahAM isa jIvane janma na dhAraNa kiyA ho|
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________________ ___ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka graMtha darzana aura anya yoniyoM kI kathA ko chodd'o| jisa zarIra meM Apa ho use apanA mAnate ho| kyA yaha atathya nahIM jo use apanA mAnate ho ! aura isake utpanna hone meM jo kAraNa hoM unheM mAtA-pitA mAnate ho aura jinakA mAtA-pitA ke sAtha sambandha hai unheM dAdA-dAdI, nAnA-nAnI, cAcA-cAcI, mAmA-mAI, mausI-mausiyA Adi nAnA prANiyoM ke sAtha bandhutA kA vyayahAra karate ho| yaha saba to nija ke hI haiM / kintu jinase koI saMbaMdha nahIM, kevala eka grAmavAsI haiM, unake sAtha bhI AtmIya pitAmAtAdi tulya vyavahAra hotA hai / itanA parigraha saMsAra meM hojAtA hai ki use likhane meM pUrA samaya caahiye| ___ aba vizeSa vAta vicArane kI yaha hai ki jaba zarIra ko nija mAna liyA, taba jinake dvArA zarIra kA poSaNa hotA hai unase rAga sutarAM ho jAtA hai aura jo patikUla huye unase dveSa honA svAbhAvika hai| isa prakAra rAga ke kAraNa unake jo poSaka haiM unameM rAga aura jo ghAtaka haiM unase dveSa ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra kI paddhati dveSa meM jAna lenA cAhiye / isa prakAra yaha rAga-dveSa kI paraMparA hI ananta yAtanAoM kI jananI hai| ina sarva upadravoM kA mUla kAraNa mithyAtva hai ( iti mithyAtva parigraha ) / isake sadbhAva meM hI hamAre krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha kI utpatti hotI hai / krodha kI utpatti kA mUla hetu zarIra meM mamatAbhAva hai| hama zarIra ko nija mAnate haiN| kisIne hamAre pratikUla kArya kiyA, hamArI usameM aniSTa buddhi ho jAtI hai| jisameM aniSTa buddhi huI usako dUra karane kI hama ceSTA karate haiM / vahAM para manameM yaha vicAra hotA hai ki kaba isa aniSTa se piNDa chUTe, yaha Apatti kahAM se aagyii| sAnanda se jIvanayAtrA ho rahI thii| isa duSTane Akara vighna kara diyA / kaba isakA vidhvaMsa ho! ityAdi / yadi hamArA vaza hotA to isa ko kyA ! isake bandhuvarga ko bhI yamaloka meM pahuMcA dete; parantu kyA kareM, itanI zakti nahIM / ityAdi nAnA prakAra ke vikalpajAloM se mana cintanA karatA rahatA hai| vacana ke dvArA nAnA asabhya vacanoM kA prayoga karatA hai / re duSTa ! hamAre sAmane se haTa jA, zameM nahIM AtI, hamAre nirvighna viSayAnanda meM tUne bhojana meM makkhI kA kAma kiyaa| are ! koI hai nahIM / isa duSTa ko AMkha ke sAmane se haTA de| / aise duSToM ke dvArA hI to jagata kI sukha-sAmagrI haraNa kI jAtI hai / ' __ kAyA ke dvArA lAThI Adi kA bhI prayoga karane meM nahIM cuuktaa| yadi zatru balavAna duvA to vaicena aura kAya ke vyApAra se vaJcita rahatA hai| kevala mana hI mana duHkhI rahatA hai|
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________________ saMskRti aparigraha / nirantara aniSTa cintana meM hI samaya jAtA hai| 1 sekaNDa bhI zAnti nhiiN| daivayoga se jisake Upara krodha kiyA thA usa kA kisI ke dvArA parAbhava ho jAve, taba phUla kara kuppA ho jAve aura jisane usa kA aniSTa kiyA usa ko koTizaH dhanyavAda detA hai ki mahAzaya ! dhanya hai Apa ko jo aise kaNTakase uddhAra kiyaa| vaha bahuta hI luccA thA / Apa jaise puruSa na hote to jagat caina kI nidrA na le sakatA / daivayoga se koI bhI usa kA virodhI na ho, taba Apa svayaM ghAta kara mRtyu kA bhAgI bana jAtA hai / krodha kaSAya ke udaya meM jIva kI aisI durdazA hotI hai / ( iti krodha parigraha ) aba mAna kaSAya kI kathA suniye mAna kaSAya ke udaya meM apane ko uccatama mAnane kI icchA hotI hai / sAtha hI anya ko apane se laghu mAnane kI icchA rahatI hai / yadi koI apane se mahAn huvA, taba usa ke sadguNoM meM bhI vaha nAnA prakAra ke mithyA doSa nikAlane kA prayatna karatA hai / yadi isa samaya koI kahe ki tuma itane mahAn ho kara kyoM anya meM mithyAdoSoM kA Aropa karate ho, abhI to tuma usa ke aMza ko bhI nahIM pAte; yadi vaha cAhe to tumhAre sadRza manuSyoM ko mola le sakatA hai, abhI taka usane jo dAna kiyA hai tumhAre pAsa to abhI usa kI apekSA kucha bhI nahI hai / ityAdi / isa ko zravaNa kara mahAna duHkhI hotA hai / bar3e prayatnoM se jo saJcaya dhana kA kiyA thA use ekadama joza meM Akara dAna de detA hai / dAnAnantara saMkleza ho usa kA kucha bhI vicAra nahIM / isI prakAra anya kAryoM meM bhI jAna lenaa| yadi kisIne belA kiyA, taba Apa, usa se merI pratiSThA adhika ho, telAdi upavAsa kara baiThatA hai / cAhe anantara kleza ho-usakI paravAha nahIM / kAraNa isakA yaha hai ki jo mAna kaSAya ke udaya meM apane ko sarvopari mAnane kI icchA rahatI hai usa kI pUrti na hone se AmaraNAnta kaSTa pAnA svIkAra hotA hai| parantu mAma kaSAya ko nahIM chodd'taa| eka chAtra thaa| bahuta hI vidvAn thA; parantu anya ko tuccha ginatA thA / pratyeka ke sAtha zAstrArtha kara use tiraskRta kara vaha apane ko mahAn ginatA thaa| usake adhyApaka gurUne usa ko bahuta samajhAyA ki aisA karane se eka dina bahuta hI kleza uThAnA pdd'egaa| yadi koI adhika vidvAn AgayA aura usake dvArA parAjaya ho gayA, tava kyA dazA tumhArI hogii| taba vaha gurujI se bolA ki Apa guru haiM, usa se maiM lokalajjAvaza saMkoca karatA hUM tathA Apa se adhyayana kiyA hai-isase bhaya karatA huuN| kauna jagata meM aisA hai jo mere samakSa Thahara sake ! eka bAra bRhaspati se bhI zAstrArtha kara sakatA hUM /
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha darzana aura daivayoga se eka dina eka baMgAlI chAtra se zAstrArtha huvA aura baMgAlI chAtrane use parAjita kara diyA / vaha parAjita ho kara gaMgA meM DUba kara mara gayA / yaha gappa nahIM / hAtharasa meM zrI harajazarAyajI mahAzaya bar3e bhArI naiyAyika the / yaha unake ziSya kI kahAnI hai / ( iti mAna parigraha ) mAyA parigrahakA svarUpa - aba mAyAkaSAya ke sadbhAva meM yaha jIva nAnA prakAra ke chalakapaTa karatA hai / mana meM kucha hai, bacana meM kucha hai aura kAyA ke dvArA anya hI ho rahA hai / kisI ko patA nahIM kyA kregaa| krodhI va mAnI se jIva apanI rakSA kara sakatA hai / parantu mAyAvI se rakSA honA atyaMta kaThina hai; kyoMki usakA vyavahAra sarvathA antaraGga ke viruddha hai / jaise baka ( bagulA ) isa prakAra zanaiH zanaiH gamana karatA hai ki dekhanevAle ko yaha bhAsa hI nahIM hotA hai ki isase kisI prANI kA ghAta hogA / parantu hotA kya! hai ? vaha machalI Adi jantuoM ko pakar3a letA hai / yahI hAla ' mAyAvI ' kA hai / jo Upara se mahAn puruSoM ke anurUpa AcaraNa karatA hai / jisake AcaraNa se acche 2 manuSya usake prazaMsaka bana jAte haiM / phala yaha hotA hai ki anta meM usake mAyAjAla meM phaMsa kara prazaMsaka ko vipatti - mahArNava meM gote lagAne par3ate haiM / mAyAcArI kI pravRtti sarvathA viruddha rahatI hai / use yaha bhAna nahIM ki anta meM bhaNDA-phor3a ho hI jAvegA / usakA isa ora lakSya nahIM hotA / lakSya ho to mAyA kyoM kare? maiM svayaM apane kiye mAyAcAra kI kathA kahatA hUM / 1 / maiM jina dinoM mathurA meM adhyayana karatA thA, una dinoM zrImAn svargIya paNDita gopAladAsajI mahAvidyAlaya ke mantrI the| maiM una dinoM caurAsI para adhyayana karata / thA / paM0 ThAkuraprasAdajI, " vaiyAkaraNAcArya, vedAntAcArya " jaina mahAvidyAlaya ke pradhAnAdhyApaka the / paNDa narasiMhadAsajI dharmazAstra ke adhyApaka the| mere mana meM yaha bAta AI ki zrI bAIjI ke pAsa buMdelakhaNDa jAnA / chuTTI mAMgI, nahIM milI / manameM AyA ki aisI mAyAcArI karo ki jisase chuTTI mila jAve | maiMne eka patra bAIjI ke nAma kA likhA - ' beTA ! AzIrvAda / merA svAsthya acchA nahIM / tuma chuTTI lekara 15 dina ke liye cale Avo.' vaha patra mathurA ke DAkakhAne meM DAla diyA aura mujhe mila bhI gyaa| maiMne use liphAphe meM banda kara paMDitajI ke pAsa bheja diyA / 15 dina kA avakAza mila gayA / antameM likhA thA, 'jaba deza se vApisa AoM, taba AgarA hamase mila kara mathurA jAnA maiM deza se lauTakara jaba mathurA jAne lagA paMDitajI se AgarA meM milA / paMDitajIne bhojana karane ko kahA ki bhojana kara lo, bhojana karane ke bAda mathurA cale jaanaa| maiMne bhojana kiyA / pazcAt paMDitajI ko praNAma kara rela para jAne lagA / 262
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________________ saMskRti aparigraha / 263 paMDitajIne eka zloka likhA aura kahA ki ise yAda kara lo, phira cale jaao| maiMne jaba zloka dekhA to yaha thA : upAdhyAye naTe dhUrte kuTTinyAM ca tathaiva ca / mAyA tatra na kartavyA mAyA taireva nirmitA // maiM zIghra hI bhAva samajha gyaa| maiMne namra zabdoM meM mahArAja se kahA-" mahArAja ! aparAdha huA, kSamA prArthI huuN| uttarakAla meM aba aisA aparAdha na hogaa|" zrI maMtrIjIne kahA-"jAo, hama prasanna haiN| kyoM ki maiMne nirmAya aparAdha svIkAra kiyA thaa| mathurA adhiSThAtA ke pAsa patra AyA ki isa chAtrako // zera dugdha diyA jaave| vizeSa kyA likheM ! mAyAcArI puruSa apane aniSTa ko na gina mahAduHkhI rahate haiM / ( iti mAyA parigraha ) loma parigrahakA svarUpa... aba lobha kaSAya ke udaya meM yaha para padArtha ko apanAne kA prayatna karatA hai / yadyapi paravastu hamArI nahIM, parantu lobha kaSAya meM yaha bhAva AjAtA hai| Ajanma usase sambandha nahIM tyAganA cAhatA / lobha ke vazIbhUta ho kara apane guru janoM se bhI nahIM cUkatA / yadi lobha kaSAya na ho, taba yaha jIva durgati kA pAtra nahIM hove / viSayoM meM pravRtti, dhana kA saMgraha Adi lobha hI ke to paryAya haiM / anya kI hI kathA chodd'o| lobhI manuSya apane zarIra ke liye puSTakArI padArthoM kA sevana nahIM kara sktaa| yadi kisI ko dhana dene se mahopakAra hotA hai, parantu lobhI manuSya ke bhAgya meM yaha kahA~, vaha lobha nahIM chor3a sktaa| yadi usakA bAlaka bImAra ho jAve, strI bImAra ho jAve, Apa svayaM bImAra ho jAve, taba usako dravya denA par3atA hai / bane vahA~ taka vaha paramArtha auSadhAlaya hI se auSadha lAkara kAma calAvegA / yadi dravya vyaya karake zikSA milatI hogI to vaha na lekara, jahAM bAlakoM se phIsa nahIM lI jAtI hai vahA~ prabandha karegA / vahA~ bAlaka ko bhejane meM saMkoca na karegA / aisA lobhI loma ke vazIbhUta ho kara nimantraNAdi meM maryAdA se adhika bhojana kara ajIrNa roga kI vedanA sahana kara mahAn duHkha kA pAtra hotA hai| eka upAkhyAna isa viSaya meM hai: cAra cora corI karane gaye / aura ve 100000) eka lAkha rupaye kA mAla lAye / ve jahAM ke the jaba vaha grAma 2 mIla raha gayA, taba unhoMne vicAra kiyA ki kucha bhojana kara ke hI ghara jAnA cAhiye / do AdamiyoM se kahA, " bAjAra se bhojana laao| sAnanda se bhojana kara ke zAma ko ghara cale jAveMge " do AdamI paraspara jalpa karate 2 bAjAra meM
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasari-smAraka-pratha darzana aura pahuMle / unhoMne vicAra kiyA ki eka lAkha meM 25000)-25000) hI to pratyeka ko milegA; parantu kyA koI aisA upAya hai ki 50000)-50000)mile ! ekane kahA, "yadi ve do mara jAveM, taba anAyAsa manoratha kI pUrti ho sakatI hai| isakA upAya yaha hai ki bAjAra se halAhala viSa liyA jAve aura use per3oM meM milAyA jAve aura ve per3e (miThAI) una donoM ko diye jaaveN| ve tatkAla mara jaaveNge| hama-tuma AdhA-AdhA bAMTa leNge|" aisA hI kiyA aura per3A lekara sthAna para calane lge| udhara bhI una donoMne vicAra kiyA ki aisA karoki jisase ve donoM mAra diye jAve aura hama donoM AdhA-AdhA mAla bAMTa leN| ve yaha vicArate hI the ki ye donoM sAmane Ate huye dikhAI diye / ina donoM para una donoMne bandUka calAI aura donoM mRtyu ko prApta huye / pazcAt jo miThAI ye lAye the use donoMne khAyI / khAte hI ve donoM bhI mara gaye / lobha kI hI mahimA thI jo cAroM mRtyuvaza ho gaye / Aja saMsAra meM sarva vyagra haiM. zAnti cAhate haiM, para zAnti nahIM miltii| yaha sarva lobha kI hI to mahimA hai| hamArI santAna dara santAna sukha se kAla vyatIta kre| jaise bane taise dhana saMgraha karolobha hI kI to mahimA hai / jina mahAnubhAvoMne nAnA kArAgAroM meM raha kara aneka kaSToM ko sahana kara svarAjya prApta kiyA tathA jina ke yaha abhipAya the ki svarAja milane para hama sAdagI se apanA nirvAha kareMge, Aja unakI veSa-bhUSA ko dekha kara citta meM Azcarya kI taraMge uThatI haiN| jo hai, lobha ! terI mahimA apAra hai| isa ke jAla se bacanA alpa zaktivAloM ko ati durlabha hai / aise 2 mahAn tyAgI vidvAn jinhoMne sAdA bhojana aura khAdI vastra kA vyavahAra kara deza ko sadAcAra sikhAyA, Aja ve yadi kisI sabhA meM jAte haiM, to paccAsoM pulisamena unakI rakSA ko cAhiye / jisa janatAne unako apanA pUrNa hitaiSI rUpa se dekhA thA, bhAja vahI janatA unase itanI ruSTa ho jAve-yahA~ yahI nizcaya hotA hai ki khAdIdhArI ve mahAzaya loma ke cakra meM A gye| yadyapi lobha se prApta vastu zAnti kA kAraNa nhiiN| Apa dekhate haiM ki dhana ke arjana meM duHkha, rakSaNa meM duHkha tathA nAza hone para bhI duHkh| koI avasthA mukhakara nhiiN| bar3e-bar3e mahApuruSa isa lobha parigraha kI tRSNA meM itane vyagra haiM ki ve Atmahita se vaJcita rahate haiN| kahAM taka likheM ? mokSa kA lobha bhI mokSa kA bAdhaka hai / (iti lobha parigraha) hAsya parigraha hAsya, rati, arati, zoka, bhaya, jugupsA, strIveda, puMveda, napuMsakaveda ye bhI parigraha haiN| jaba-hAsya kaSAya kA udaya hotA hai, taba Apa phUlA rahatA hai| anya ko cAhe kaSTa bhI ho; parantu Apa ko hAsya binA caina nahIM pdd'taa| jaise bAvalA nAnA roga se pIr3ita hai, parantu phira bhI koI kalpanA kara haMsane se bAja nahIM
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________________ saMskRti aparigraha | 265 AtA; aisI saMsArI manuSya kI dazA hai| jahAM parapadArtha apanI icchA ke anukUla huvAphUla gaye; yadyapi usa parapadArtha kA pariNamana usIke AdhIna hai| parantu isako mAnane meM aisI mithyA kalpanA jo hai / use apane anukUla mAna phUlA nahIM samAtA / ( iti hAsyaparigraha ) ratiparigraha 1 rati meM bhI yahI bAta hai / jo padArtha apane ko cAhiyeM, ve cetana hoM cAhe acetana hoM, suhA gaye / aura una meM rati ho gaI / una padArthoM kA pariNamana apane AdhIna nahIM / parantu hamArI mithyA mAnyatAne isa prakAra hamArI pariNati ko apane vaza kara rakkhA hai ki hamArI dazA madirA pAna karanevAloM se eka aMza adhika hI hai| kitanA hI koI kahe kucha samajha meM nahIM AtA / ( iti ratiparigraha ) aratiparigraha yadi jo padArtha anukUla the ve pratikUla ho jAveM, taba arati kaSAya ke utpanna hone kA avasara Ane meM bilamba nahIM / kevala apanI icchA ke anukUla usa padArtha kI pariNati hamAre jJAna meM AjAnI cAhiye / cAhe usa meM vaha pariNati ho yA na ho / jaise jaba koI manuSya apanI patnI ke bhAI Adi se milatA hai aura paraspara aneka prakAra ke aziSTa zabdoM kA prayoga karake prasanna hotA hai / vahA~ yaha siddha hotA hai ki hamAre jJAna meM anukUlatA caahiye| viSayoM meM cAhe jo pariNamana hoN| jo hamako ruca gayA usameM hamArI rati hojAtI hai / pyAja, lahasuna ke khAnevAle lahasuna aura pyAja kI gandha ko jAnakara prasanna hote haiM aura hama dUra se hI palAyamAna hote haiM / pyAja khAnevAloM ko Ananda AtA hai aura hameM usameM aravibhAva / anyatra bhI isI prakAra aratibhAva jAnanA / ( iti aratiparigraha ) zokaparigraha jaba hamase iSTa padArtha kA viyoga hotA hai, usa samaya hama zoka meM magna ho jAte haiM / zokadazA kA anubhava vahI jAnatA hai jisako zokAnubhava ho rahA hai| jaba aniSTa padArtha kA saMyoga hotA hai, taba bhI vahI dazA hotI hai jo iSTake viyoga meM hotI hai / isa prakAra zokaparigraha jAnanA / ( iti zokaparigraha ) bhayaparigraha isI taraha bhaya bhI eka parigraha pizAca hai / yaha bhI taba hotA hai, jaba hamAre ghAtaka padArtha upasthita hote haiM / kyoMki hamane jina padArthoM ko apanA mAna rakhA haiM, ve hamAre haiM 34
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________________ 266 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pratha darzana aura nahIM / samaya pAkara ve jAveMge yA koI una kA apaharaNa kara le / donoM meM ekasI hI kathA hai / parantu hama apane samakSa unakA apaharaNa hone meM bhaya karate haiM / jaise rajju meM sarpabhrAnti hone se hamako bhaya hotA hai-isakA bhI mUla kAraNa zarIra ko apanA mAnanA hai / yadi sarpane Akara hamako kATa liyA to hama akAlamRtyu ke pAsa ho jAveMge / yadi zarIra ko nija na mAnate to bhaya kI kathA na hotI / isI taraha anya padArthoM ko apanAnA hI bhaya kA kAraNa hai / ( iti bhayaparigraha) jugupsAparigraha isI taraha jugupsA bhI parigraha hai / isake udaya meM jo padArtha hamArI ruci ke viruddha haiM, unheM dekhakara hama glAni karate haiM, nAka-bhauM sikor3ate haiM, AMkha banda kara lete haiM aura agara sahya na huvA to mUrchita ho jAte haiN| yadyapi zarIra bhI inhIM padoM kA piNDa hai, jinheM dekhakara hameM glAni AtI hai / prAtaH kAla inhIM karakamaloM se use dhonA par3atA hai| usa samaya zauca nahIM jAveM yaha nahIM ho sakatA; kyoMki rogI honekA, peTa meM vedanA hone kA bhaya jo lagA hai| jisa kArya ko Apa svayaM karate ho aura pratidina bAra-bAra karate ho usI kAma ko yadi Apa jaise hI manuSya paryAyavAle ne kara diyA aura usa para Apa glAni kareM-yaha kyA nyAya hai ? . yaha AlApa kareM ki yaha nIca hai, bhaMgI hai, inase dUra rho| isakI kathA chodd'o| tumhAre yahAM jaba paMktibhojana hotA hai, taba miSTAna to Apa loga udarAgni meM pheMka dete ho aura jo kucha pattala meM zeSa rahA use bhI apane rUpa meM nahIM rahane dete| kullA Adi karake use sAnI banA dete ho| ise to annarUpa se ve hI upayoga meM lAveMge jo hamAre sahaza hI manuSya haiN| . yadi unheM bhI zikSA Adi dI jAve to ve bhI bairisTara, DaoNkTara, heDamAsTara Adi banakara hAikorTa, kAleja, aspatAloM meM kursI kI zobhA bar3hA sakate haiN| ___astu ! yaha to laukika kathA rahI tathA laukika meM Apa unako sparza na kariye; kyoMki ve aspRzya haiN| aspRzya to zarIra hai| use sparza karo yA mata karo kucha hAni nhiiN| yahI anya ko upadeza do / parantu jo kalyANa kA janaka samyagdarzana hai aura jisake hote hI AtmA samyakcAritra kA pAtra hotA hai kyA Apa use roka sakate haiM ! kahAM jAte ho ! yaha to cANDAla hai, aisA kaha kara nahIM roka sakate / samantabhadradevane to yahAM taka kahA hai: samyagdarzanasaMpannamapi mAtaGgadeha jam / devA devaM vidurbhasmagUDhAkArAntaraujasam //
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________________ saMskRti aprigrh| cANDAla-yadi cANDAla ke kartavya ko tyAga detA hai to vaha usI janma meM mahAn ho sakatA hai| aura jo uttama kula tathA jAtikA hai unhIM hI cANDAla kartavyoM se adhama ho sakatA hai / ataH kisI se jugupsA na kara ke pApa sampAdana karane vAle bhAvoM se jugupsA kro| ye tuccha haiM, nIca jAtivAle haiM-yaha socakara jugupsA mata karo / paramArtha se jugupsA heya hai / heya kA artha-jugupsA na karo // ( iti jugupsAparigraha ) ___ isI prakAra strIveda, puMveda, napuMsakaveda ye parigraha haiM / ina kI mahimA kisI se gupta nahIM / strIveda ke udaya meM puruSaramaNa kI abhilASA hotI hai| puruSaveda ke udaya meM strIramaNa kI abhilASA hotI hai aura napuMsakaveda ke udaya meM ubhayaramaNa kI abhilASA hotI hai / jagat mAtra ke prANI ina ke jAla meM phaMse huye haiM / ataH isa viSaya meM vizeSa vivecana karanA koI upayogI nahIM / ( iti strIveda-puMveda-napuMsakavedaparigraha ) __ise prakAra mithyAtvAdi caturdaza parigraha ke bheda hai| inhIM ko antaraGga parigraha kahate haiM / ( iti antaraMgaparigraha) dhana dhAnyAdi bAhya daza parigraha haiM / yadyapi ye bAhya haiM, aura na Atmadravya meM inakA astitva hai aura na ina meM parigraha kA lakSaNa hI jAtA hai| phira bhI parigraha ke lakSaNa para vicAra kara ke ina ko ' mUrchA parigraha ' kara ke likhA hai / ___ arthAt mUrchA ko parigraha kahate haiM / ( mamedaM ) yaha merA-aisA jo bhAva hai use hI mUrchA kahate haiM / yaha bhAva AtmA meM hotA hai / usI se yaha AtmA dhanAdiko nija mAnatA hai / yaha lakSaNa jar3a padArthoM meM nahIM jaataa| ataH unheM parigraha mAnanA sarvathA anucita hai| ThIka hai, parantu unheM jo parigraha kahA hai usakA tAtparya hai ki dhanAdi padArtha mUrchA meM nimitta par3ate haiM aura isI se unheM parigraha kahA hai| baMdha kA kAraNa to antaraMga mUrchA hai-bAhma padArtha mUrchA nahIM; ata eva bandha kA janaka nahIM / isI se AcAryoMne baMdha ke kAraNa yoga aura kaSAya ko kahA hai / zrI 108 bhagavAn kundakundAcAryane samayasAra meM likhA hai: vatthu paDucca jaM puNa anjhavasANodu hodi jIvassa / ___Nahi vatthudo dubaMdho ajjhavasANeNa baMdhodu // yadyapi vastu kI pratIti kara jIva ko adhyavasAna bhAva hotA hai tathApi vastu baMdha kA janaka nahIM / adhyavasAna bhAva hI baMdha kA janaka hai| yadi aisA hai, taba bAhya vastu ke tyAga kA upadeza kyoM diyA jAtA hai ! uttara-adhyavasAna tyAga ke liye hI bAhya vastu kA tyAga karAyA gayA hai / adhyavasAna meM niyama se koI na koI viSaya honA cAhiye / anyathA jaise
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________________ 268 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pratha darzana aura vIramAtA ke zUravIra putra ko adhyavasAna bhAva hotA hai| vaise 'vaMdyAsutaM hinasmi' yaha bhI bhAva ho jAve / ataH adhyavasAna nivAraNa ke liye bAhya vastu ke tyAga kI bhI paramAvazyakatA hai| __ adhyavasAna bhAvake anukUla bAhya kArya ho-yaha niyama nahIM / jaise hamane yaha adhyavasAna kiyA ki isa ko saMsArabaMdhana ho, vaha mukta ho jAve / parantu una jIvoMne vaisA bhAva nahIM kiyA; ata eva na vaha baMdhA aura na anya chUTA / aura hamane to adhyavasAna bhAva nahIM kiyA ki amuka baMdha ko prApta ho tathA amuka mukta ho aura unane vaise kAraNa milAye ki jise vaha baMdha gayA aura anya mukta ho gyaa| adhyavasAna bhAva hI saMsAra kA janaka hai / jina ko saMsAra iSTa nahIM, unheM saMsAra kA kAraNa adhyavasAnarUpa antaraMga parigraha ko tyAganA cAhiye / sAtha hI adhyavasAna meM jo viSaya par3atA hai use to niyama se tyAganA hI cAhiye / kevala vastu meM kucha nahIM hotA / samAgama se hI yaha saMsAra hotA hai / jaise kevala paramANu meM kucha vikRti nahIM / aura jaba ve hI paramANu eka-dUsare se sambandha ko prApta ho jAte haiM, taba zabda, bandha, sthUla, sUkSma, saMsthAnAdi aneka paryAyoM ke rUpa meM pariNamita ho jAte haiN| __ jaise sphaTika maNi svayaM svaccha svabhAvavAlI hai, pariNamanazIla hai, svayaM kevala lAla pariNamana ko nahIM prApta hotI / paradravya ke dvArA hI vaha svayaM bhinnarUpa (rAgAdi) pariNamana karatI hai / paradravya kA sambandha jaise sphaTika maNi ko svaccha svabhAva se cyuta kara use bhinna rUpa ( rAgAdi ) pariNamana karA detA hai, aise hI AtmA pariNamanazIla hai-svaccha svabhAva hai| kevala svayaM rAgAdirUpa nahIM pariNamatA, parantu paradravya ke nimitta ko pAkara rAgAdi rUpa pariNamana ko prApta hojAtA hai tathA apane svaccha svabhAva se cyuta ho jAtA hai / paradravya bhI svayaM jJAnAvaraNAdi rUpa nahIM prinnmtaa| vaha bhI jIvake rAgAdi pariNAmoM kA nimitta pAkara mohAdirUpa pariNamana ko prApta ho jAtA hai / AnAdikAla kA yaha sambandha hai| kintu bIjavRkSavat yadi dagdhabIja ho jAve, taba phira vRkSa nahIM hotA / isI taraha yadi rAgAdi bhAvarUpa bIja dagdha hojAve, taba bhavAMkura na ho / ataH jinheM yaha saMsAra dagdha karane kI abhilASA hai, unheM ucita hai ki ve rAgAdi tyAgeM / kevala galpavAda se kucha na hogaa| jaina siddhAnta meM alpa bhI parigraha mokSamArga meM bAdhaka hai / zrIkundakunda AcAryane to yahA~ taka likhA hai ki alpa bhI parigraha bandha kA kAraNa hai| tathAhi-gAthA havadi Na havadi baMdho meda hi jIve'tha kAyacehammi / baMdho dhuvAvadhIdo idi savaNA chaMDiyA sarva /
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________________ saMskRti aparigraha / parigraha se saMyama kA ghAta hotA hai| yaha isa zloka se dikhAyA gayA hai| kAya ke halanacalana vyApAra se jIva ke ghAta hone para nizcaya se bandha ho vA nahIM ho; kintu parigraha se niyama se bandha hotA hai / pramattayoga hone se hinsA hotI hai| yadi pramattayoga naM ho to hiMsA nahIM hotii| parantu parigraha kA rakhanA mamatva pariNAma ke vinA nahIM hotA; ataH parigrahatyAga hI dharma kA mUla hai| paramArtha se dekhA jAve to zAnti ke upAya parigrahatyAga meM hI haiM / jaba hama ko kisI padArtha ko dekhane kI lAlasA hotI hai, hama jaba taka usa padArtha ko nahIM dekha lete, vyAkula rahate haiM / isakA mUla kAraNa dekhane kI lAlasA hai| jaba hama viSayIbhUta padArtha ko dekha lete haiM, nirAkula ho jAte haiN| isase siddha huvA ki dekhane kI lAlasA kA parigraha hI duHkha kA mUla kAraNa thaa| usako miTane se hama nirAkula huye / yahI paddhati sarvatra jAnanA caahie| isI prakAra jo bAhya padArtha ko rakhate haiM, unako usa padArtha kI lAlasA hai-vahI bandha kA janaka hai| kahAM taka likheM ! AcAryoMne jo kucha paropakAra Adi kiye ve bhI parigraha hI meM aMtarbhUta ho jAte haiN| AtmA jo paropakArakArya meM pravRtti karatA hai isakA mUla kAraNa paropakAra karane kI lAlasA hai / aura lAlasA nAma icchA kA hai / icchA AbhyaMtara parigraha hai / parigraha hI duHkha kI khAni hai / jaba taka vaha kAma na kare, AtmA meM zAnti nahIM; ataH maharSiyoMne paropakAra kiyA apane hI duHkha meTane ke liye / vyavahAra meM kucha kiyA kaho / anya kathA chodd'o| Aja jo saMsAra meM dhArmika kAryoM kI utpatti hotI hai usakA mUla kAraNa parigraha hai| yahAM taka ki kevalI bhagavAn kI divya dhvani ke dvArA saMsAra ke kalyANa kA yadi koI upadeza hotA hai-vaha bhI kaise ! yadi aisA kahe to vicAra kara uttara yahI hogA ki vaha bhI moha meM bAMdhI prakRti kA udaya hai / pravacanasArAdi granthoM meM mahAvratAdika honA bhI parigraha kahA hai| vratoM kA honA saMjvalana kaSAya ke udaya kA kArya hai / vAstava meM dekhA jAve to mahAvratAdi cAritra nahIM / cAritra meM mala hai| jaba taka yaha mala dUra na hogA, AtmA yathAkhyAta cAritra kA adhikArI nhiiN| cAritra to vaha hai jahAM kaSAya kA leza nahIM / anya kathA chodd'o| pravacanasAra meM kahA hai kiM kiMcaNatti takaM apuNNa bhavakAmiNo'tha dehasma / saMgatti jiNavariMdA appaDikammatti muTThiA //
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________________ 270 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pratha darzana aura atha aho dekho! anaMtajJAnAdi catuSTaya yA Atmaka mokSa ke abhilASI puruSa-deha ke hone para bhI parigraha hai / isIse athavA aisA jAnakara sarvajJa vItarAgadevane mamatvabhAva rahita zarIrakriyA ke tyAga kA upadeza kiyA / kyA anya bhI parigraha haiM ! aisA tarka bhI hotA nahIM / jahAM zarIra ko bhI apanA mAnanA chUTa gayA-vahAM para anya kI kathA chodd'o| zarIra to para hai hI / isakI kathA chodd'o| jina bhAvoM dvArA zarIra meM nija kalpanA hotI thI tathA putrakalatrAdi meM rAgAdi pariNAma hote the una pariNAmoM ko apanAnA hotA thaa| use bhI tyAgane kA upadeza hai / yaha bhI chodd'o| jina ke dvArA saMsAra uccheda kA upadeza milatA thA, unameM bhI mamatA kA niSedha batAyA hai| anya kahAM taka kheN| zrI 108 AcArya kundakunda devane to yahAM taka paMcAstikAya meM likha diyA haiM ki bhagavAn kA upadeza hai-yadi sAkSAnmokSa kI abhilASA hai, taba hama meM bhI anurAga chor3o (tyaago)| yaha bhI kathA tyaago| mokSa meM bhI abhilASA karanA mokSa kA bAdhaka hai| atha jinheM saMsAra-duHkha nivAraNa karanA iSTa hai to sarva padArthoM kA saMparka tyAgeM / samparka-tyAga se tAtparya yaha hai ki jo hamArI nijatva kI kalpanA hotI hai vaha na ho / padArthoM kA samparka to rahegA, kyoM ki loka to SaD dravyamaya hai / isa loka meM 6 dravya. ghRta ghaTa kI taraha bhare huye haiM, ve sarva padArtha AtmIya-AtmIya anaMta dharmoM ke sAtha tAdAtmya saMbaMdha se anusyUta ho rahe haiN| __ sUkSmadRSTi se vicAra kiyA jAve taba jitane guNa haiM ve sarva guNa apane 2 pariNamana ke sAtha tAdAtmya saMbandha rakhate haiN| sarva jude 2 haiN| sarvakA aviSvagbhAva saMbaMdha haiM / isI saMbaMdha se una sarva ke piNDa ko dravya kahate haiM / ina dravyoM meM do dravya yAnI jIva aura pudgala-ina donoM meM vibhAva nAma kI zakti hai, jisake sambandha se donoM kI vilakSaNa avasthA ho jAtI hai / isI kA nAma saMsAra hai| jaba AtmA kI avasthA saMsAra hotI hai tabhI AtmA apane svarUpa ko vikRta anubhava karatA hai / yaha kahanA anyathA nhiiN| Apa hI se pUchate haiM / jaba Apa mizrI ko cakhate haiM, taba mIThe rasa kA anubhava karate haiM / aura yadi mIThe rasa ke lAlacI huye, taba kahanA hI kyA hai ! phUle nahIM samAte / yahAM para thor3I dRSTi lagAiye / kyA jJAna mIThA ho gayA ! jJAna to cetanA kA paryAya hai / cetanA amUrtika hai| kaise mUrti-pariNamana ko prApta huvA ! taba yahI kahanA par3egA ki jaise darpaNa meM mukha jhalakatA hai / kyA darpaNa meM mukha calA gayA ? nahIM gyaa| mukha ke sAnnidhya ko pAkara darpaNa kA pariNamana ho gayA ! mukha se bhinna vaha pariNamana hai| isI prakAra mizrI kA mIThApana mizrI meM hai| kintu indriyajanya jJAna meM aisA hI hotA hai / yahI kAraNa hai jo indriya
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________________ saMskRti aparigraha / 271 janya jJAna ko kathaJcit mUrtika kahA / paramArtha se jJAna mUrttika nahIM / usI taraha AtmA vyavahAra se parapadArthoM ke sAtha sambandha hone se ananta saMsAra kA pAtra hotA huA 84 lakSa yoniyoM meM paribhramaNa kara rahA hai / jisa yoni meM jAtA hai usI meM ahambuddhi mAna letA hai / aura padArtha apanI mAnyatA ke anukUla hue to unameM rAga aura jo pratikUla huye una meM dveSa kalpanA kara moha - rAga-dveSa ke dvArA isI saMsAracakra meM bhramaNa karatA rahatA hai / vAstava meM dekheM to Aja taka hama isa bhUla meM aise ulajhe haiM ki jo svayaM jAna kara bhI nahIM saMbhalate / ahambuddhi kabhI para meM nahIM hotI / maiM sukhI, duHkhI, raMka, rAva hUM / kyA isameM Apa kA paricaya nahIM hai ! parantu phira bhI koI prayatna kara ke inako pRthak karane kA nahIM / moha-madirA se unmatta isI cakra meM AtmA phaMsa gayA hai| koI upAya dRSTipAta nahIM hotA / nazA utarane para yadi phira se madirApAna na kreN| taba ArAma pA sakatA hai / parantu phira usI saMskAra ke dvArA vahI madirApAna karatA hai aura phira usI cakra meM A jAtA hai| saMsAra ko sudhArane kA upAya - prayatna karatA hai / Apa sudhare isa para dRSTi nahIM / anAdikAla se parapadArthoM ko hI sukha kA kAraNa mAna kara saMcaya karane kA satata prayatna karatA hai / saMcaya karane kA lakSya kevala antaraGga kI abhilASA hai / yadyapi una padArthoM meM koI bhI prayojana nija kA nahIM / kevala hama saMsAra meM uccatama manuSyoM kI gaNanA meM mukhyatama mAne jAveM - aisA mAnanA kucha sukhakara nahIM / kalpanA karo prathama to aisA honA asaMbhava hI / athavA ho bhI jAve to bhI isase sukha hone kA kyA sambandha hai ! sukha to nirabhilASA meM hai / abhilASA nirantara parapadArthoM kI hotI hai jo hamAre nahIM / jo hamAre nahIM unhe apanAne kI kalpanA hI anaMta saMsAra kA janaka hai| jina ko jitanI vizeSa AkAMkSA hogI ve utane hI duHkhI hoMge / loka meM jitanA adhika dhana jisake hogA, vaha utanA hI duHkhI hogaa| saMsAra meM madhyaloka meM sarva se adhika parigrahI cakrI hotA hai; parantu nirantara vaha yahI cAhatA hai| ki kaba isa Apatti se pRthak ho jAUM / yadi vaha parigraha sukhakara hotA to usase virakta hone kA bhAva na karatA / bhAva hI nahIM, virakta ho jAtA hai aura phala usakA jo hai use prApta karatA hai / yaha to anya kI kathA hai 1 manuSya ko ucita hai ki vaha apanI paristhiti ke anukUla padArthoM kA saMcaya kare to lAbha hai, so nahIM / hamAre mana meM yaha vicAra likhate-likhate AyAH jo tuma jagat ke manuSyoM ke saMcaya kI kathA likha rahe ho isa se tumako kyA lAbha 1
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________________ ra72 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura merI buddhi meM yahI AyA jo parigraha saMcaya karanevAlA hai vaha cAhe sukhI ho, cAhe duHkhI / hama apane samaya ko AtmanirmalatA karane meM lagAte jisase zAMti pAte-so to kiyA nhiiN| kevala anya kI kathA karake vyartha duHkha ke pAtra banate ho| mohI jIvoM kI yahI durdazA hotI hai / parantu apanI durdazA kA anubhava nahIM karatA / kevala jagata ko duHkhI mAnakara unake duHkha nivAraNArtha prayatna karatA hai| ve isake prayatna se cAhe sukhI hoM, cAhe duHkhI hoN| ve jAneM, para Apa to niyama se duHkhI ho jAtA hai / isa lekha ko likhakara mujhe to kucha Ananda nahIM AyA / kyoM ! maiM svayaM parigrahI bana gayA / prathama to isa lekha ko likhane meM anya vicAro se citta ko haTA kara isI lekha kI cintA meM laga gyaa| likhane ke vAste kAgajoM kI yAcanA karanI pdd'ii| syAhI kI AvazyakatA huI / anya kAryoM meM samaya ko na lagA kara isI meM lagAne kI cintA huii| yaha sarva ho kara yaha cintA huI ki loga prasanna hoMge yA nahIM, koI aprasanna to na ho jaavegaa| Agama to yaha kahatA hai jo guruvinaya, guruvAkya, paropakAra ke kArya, Agama-racanA yaha bhI parigraha haiM / samyagdarzana ke hote hI parapadArtha mAtra meM upekSA AjAtI hai / anya kA vikalpa chodd'o| jo mahAvratoM kA pAlanA yaha bhI parigraha hai; kyoM ki saMjvalana kaSAya ke udaya meM yaha bhAva hotA hai jo bandha kA janaka hai| yaha jAne do / jo apAyavicaya meM yaha bhAva hote haiM ki kaise yaha prANI saMsAra mArga se cyuta hokara mokSamArga meM Ave ! yaha bhI parigraha hai-baMdha kA kAraNa hai| ataH jinheM aparigraha kA AnaMda lenA ho, unheM ucita hai ki ve parigraha kI abhilASA parityAga karadeM / taduktaM parigraheSu vairAgyaM prAyo mRDhasya dRzyate / dehe vigalitAzasya ka rAgaH ka virAgitA ? // jo mUr3ha haiM usake parigraha meM vItarAgabhAva dekhA jAtA hai| jisa ko deha meM AstA nahIM haiM usake na kisI se rAga hai aura na kisI padArtha meM virAga hai / jo zarIra ko AtmIya dhana mAnatA hai usI ke aneka prakAra ke bhAva dekhe jAte haiN| kabhI to rAga aura kabhI dveSa karatA hai / jisake parapadArtha se bhinna nija kA paricaya ho gayA hai vaha zarIra meM nija ko nahIM dekhatA / jaba para meM paratvabuddhi aura Apa meM nijatvabuddhi ho gayI, taba paravastu cAhe chida jAve, cAhe bhida jAve, cAhe vipralaya ko prApta ho jAve hameM duHkha nahIM hotA / ataH siddhAnta yaha nikalA ki paravastu ko jAnanA burA nhiiN| use nija mAnanA hI anartha paramparAoM kA mUla hai| Aja jagat mAtra duHkhI kyoM hai ! parako apanAtA hai| bhArata meM
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________________ saMskRti aparigraha / 272 videzIya satA thI aura sahasroM varSa unane yahAM para zAsana kiyA / zAsana meM jo hotA hai vahI unane kiyA / anta meM yahI nizcaya kiyA ki yaha para hai, isa ko tyAganA hI zreyaskara hai / anta meM atyaMta nirmalatA ke sAtha chor3a kara cale gaye aura itihAsa meM apUrva udA. haraNa likhavA gye| yadi isI dRSTAnta ko hama apane Upara lAgU kareM, taba jagat ke padArthoM ko chor3ane meM vilamba karanA acchA nhiiN| yaha jo dRSTAnta diyA usa kA antardRSTi se vicAra karo / taba yahI AvegA ki paravastu ko apanAnA hI saMsAra kA mUla hai / sArAMza likhanA isameM bahuta hai, parantu likhane meM asamartha haiM / sAra yahI hai___ " duHkha kA mUla parigraha hai aura sukha kA mUla aparigraha / " jo padArtha para haiM ve kho bhinna haiM hI / unakA tyAga karanA to ho hI rahA hai| jina bhAvoM se unheM nija mAnate ho ve rAgAdibhAva jo vikRtabhAva haiM aura AtmA ko anaMta saMsAra kA pAtra banAte haiM unheM syAgo / unakA tyAga hI parigrahatyAga hai / isIkA nAma aparigraha hai| isake hone para AsmA ko vaha zAnti milatI hai jisakA anantavAM bhAga bhI indra, cakravartI mahArAjA ko durlabha hai|
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________________ jIvoM kI vedanA 50 munizrI kanhaiyAlAlajI mahArAja " kamala " vid jJAne dhAtu se vedanA zabda kI niSpatti hotI hai| ataH svataH siddha hai ki jar3a caitanyamaya isa jagata meM kevala caitanya hI saMvedanazIla hai| kyoMki-" jIvo uvaoga. lakkhaNo" isa Agama vAkya se caitanya kA lakSaNa hI upayoga arthAt anubhUti kahA gayA hai| iSTa, aniSTa pudgala kA saMyoga hone para mana aura indriyoM ke mAdhyama se caitanya ko jo anubhUti hotI hai use hI vedanA kahate haiN| - yadi abheda vivakSA se kahA jAe to vedanA eka sAmAnya zabda hai; ataeva vedanA kA eka hI prakAra hai / aura bheda vivakSA se kahA jAe to vedanA ke aneka meda ho sakate haiN| kintu vedanA zabda ke zravaNa mAtra se sarvasAdhAraNa ko jo avabodha hotA hai vaha kevala sukha-duHkha kI anubhUti kA hotA hai, ata eva vedanA saMbaMdhI vividha vicAroM kA mUla yahI anubhUti hai| sukha-duHkha kI anubhUti yadyapi prANImAtra ko hotI hai aura prANImAtra ko sukha priya evaM duHkha apriya hai / kintu sukha-duHkha kI paribhASA kyA hai ! 1. sukha-duHkha ke denevAle kauna haiM ! 2. sukha-duHkha ke nimitta evaM upAdAna kyA haiM ! 3. aura sukha-duHkha kI anubhUti sabako samAna hotI hai yA nahIM ! prANI jagat kI ina jaTila paheliyoM kA hala bhagavAn mahAvIra aura unake samakAlIna vicArakoMne nikAlA hai usIkA saMkSipta saMdarbha jaina AgamoM se uddhRta kara yahAM prastuta kiyA hai| sApekSa vedanA jaina AgamoM meM pratyeka vastu ke guNa-dharma kA cintana nirapekSa nahIM hotA, apitu kisI eka apekSA ko lekara hotA hai; ata eva jainoM kA sApekSavAda suprasiddha hai / prastuta vedanA viSayaka kathana bhI sApekSa hai| vaiSayika sukha kA abhilASI vairAgyamaya jIvana ko duHkhI jIvana mAnatA hai-'pavajjA hu dukkhaM ', utta0 / aura AdhyAtmika sukha kA abhilASI bhogamaya jIvana ko duHkhI jIvana mAnatA hai-' save kAmA duhAvahA', utta0 / jo pudgala eka ko iSTa haiM, ve dUsare ko aniSTa (37)
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________________ 275 saMskRti jIvoM kI vednaa| haiM aura jo eka ko aniSTa haiM, ve dUsare ko iSTa haiN| jaise-nIma ke patte manuSya ko kar3ave lagate haiM aura UMTa unheM bar3e cAva se khAtA hai| ata eva sukha-duHkha sadA sApekSa hote haiN| sukha-duHkha kA pratyakSa darzana rAjagRha meM kucha aise dArzanika the jo bhagavAn mahAvIra ke mantavyoM ke Alocaka the| ve janasAdhAraNa ke sAmane bhagavAn mahAvIra para aisA AkSepa karate the ki yadi mahAvIra sarvajJa yA sarvadazI haiM to rAjagRhanivAsiyoM ko bora yAvat jUM, lIkha jitane parimANa meM bhI sukha-duHkha kA pratyakSa darzana karA deN| bhagavAn mahAvIra isa AkSepa kA parihAra isa prakAra karate the: he gautama ! sAre saMsAra meM bhI koI vyakti aisA nahIM hai jo kabhI kisI vyakti ko sukhaduHkha kA pratyakSa darzana karA sakatA ho; kyoMki jJAna amUrta hotA hai aura sukha-duHkha kA anubhava bhI upayoga-jJAnarUpa hotA hai| isa saMbaMdha meM bhagavAn mahAvIrane yaha yukti bhI dI haiM: jisa prakAra eka mahAn zaktizAlI deva sugandhita dravyoM se bhare hue Dibbe kA Dhakana kholakara kevala tIna cuTakiyoM meM saMpUrNa jambUdvIpa kI ikkosa parikramA karatA huA usa Dibbe ke sugaMdhita pudgaloM ko sAre jambUdvIpa meM phailA detA hai, phaile hue una mUrta sugandhita pudgaloM ko ekatra karake koI mAnava kisI bhI mAnava ko bora yAvat jUM, lIkha jitane parimANa meM yadi pratyakSa nahIM dikhA sakatA hai to sukha-duHkha ke amUrta anubhava ko mUrta rUpa meM kaise pratyakSa karA sakatA hai| (bhaga0 za0 6, u0 10.) sukha-duHkha kA kartAH ___ bhagavAn mahAvIra ke samaya meM rAjagRha meM aneka dArzanika the / unameM se kucha dArzanikoM kA yaha mantavya thA ki pratyeka vyakti ko sukha-duHkha kA denevAlA Izvara hai athavA vyakti ke iSTa devI-devatA yA svajana-saMbaMdhI prasanna hone para sukha aura aprasanna hone para duHkha dete haiM / kintu isa saMbaMdha meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kA kyA maMtavya hai yaha jAnane ke liye gautama gaNadharane bhagavAn mahAvIra se eka samaya pUchAH bhagavan ! jIvoM ko jo sukha-duHkha hai, vaha AtmakRta hai apanA kiyA huA hai, parakRta yA ubhayakRta hai ! he gautama ! jIvoM ko jo sukha-duHkha hai vaha AtmakRta hai; kintu parakRta yA ubhayakRta nahIM hai| aura yahI sthiti cauvIsa daNDaka meM sthita samasta sAMsArika jIvoM kI hai arthAt bhagavAn mahAvIra kI yahI mAnyatA thI ki sabhI jIva apane hI kiye hue karmaphala se sukhI
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura aura duHkhI hote haiN| vyavahAra meM sukha-duHkha ke nimitta kAraNa anya ho sakate haiM; kintu vAstava meM upAdAna kAraNa to vyakti kA svakRta karma hI hotA hai / (bhaga0 za0 17, u0 4.) gAhAo-jaheha sIhova miaGgahAya, maccU naraM nei hU aMtakAle / natasta mAyA va piyA va bhAyA, kAlammi tammaMsaharA bhavaMti // na tassa dukkhaM vibhayaMtinAio, na mitta vaggA na suyA na baMdhavA / ekosayaM paJcaNu hoi dukkhaM, katArameva aNujAi kammaM / / (uta0 a0 13.) jisa prakAra mRga ko siMha le jAtA hai usa samaya use koI bacA nahIM sakatA hai| isI prakAra mAnava ko mRtyu le jAtI hai, usa samaya usake mAtA-pitA, bhAI-bahana, svajana aura mitra koI use bacA nahIM sakate aura na usake duHkhoM ko bAMTa sakate haiN| apitu apane kiye hue kamoM ko vahI bhogatA hai; kyoM ki karma kartA kA hI anusaraNa karatA hai / isake liye Agama meM eka udAharaNa hai : mAlava deza ke eka gAMva meM eka seTha bahuta hI saMpanna thA / usake makAna kI divAreM kATha kI banI huI thIM / kucha cora usa seTha ke vahAM corI karanA cAhate the, kintu ve lakar3I kI dIvAra meM seMdha lagAnA nahIM jAnate the| isa lie ve eka catura bar3haI ko kucha pralobhana dekara sAtha le gae / idhara bar3haI dIvAra meM bar3I kuzalatA se karNikAkAra cheda banA rahA thA / udhara khaTa 2 kI AvAja se gRhasvAbhI jAga gayA thaa| chidra taiyAra hone para coroMne kahA, " pahale tUM praveza kara, bAda meM hama / " bar3haI ne jyoM hI andara paira DAle, satarka gRhasvAmIne usake paira pakar3a lie / bar3haIne sAthI cora se kahA, "koI andara kheMca rahA hai| isa lie tuma mujheM bAhara kheNco|" gRhasvAmI aura cora bar3haI ko pUrA bala lagAkara bahuta dera taka khecate rahe / isa khIMcatAna kI prabala pIr3A se bar3haI apane hI banAye hue seMdha meM mara gayA / isI taraha kie hue kamoM kA kSaya(mokSa) phala bhoge binA nahIM hotaa| (uta0 a0 4, gA03.) vedanA kA anubhava jIva jaba nizcita rUpa se AtmakRta vedanA kA anubhava karatA hai, taba to jisa prakAra bhojana karate hI kSudhA zAnta hotI hai aura pAnI pIne para pipAsA zAnta hotI hai| isI prakAra karmabandha hote hI karmaphala kI prApti honI caahie| kintu karma siddhAMta ke anusAra karmabandha ke bAda bhI vipAka kAla " abAdhAkAla " pUrA hue binA phalaprApti nahIM hotI hai / isa derI kA kAraNa jAnane ke lie bhagavAn mahAvIra se gautama gaNadharane eka samaya pUchAH he bhagavan ! kyA jIva svayaMkRta duHkha -sukha kA vedana karatA hai !
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________________ saMskRti jIpoM kI vedamA / .. 277 he gautama ! udaya hue karma kA hI vedana karatA hai, anudaya karma kA nahIM / aura yahI sthiti cauvIsa daMDaka sthita samasta sAMsArika jIvoM kI hai| jisa prakAra vRkSa kA dhAnya yA bIja bote hI phalaprApti nahIM hotI hai| isI prakAra vipAka kAla pUrA hue binA karmaphala kI prApti nahIM hotI hai| (bhaga0 za0 1 u0 2.) ekAnta duHkha magavAna mahAvIra ke samakAlIna kucha dArzanika aise the jo saMsAra meM kevala duHkha hI duHkha mAnate the; kintu unakA yaha mantavya bhagavAn mahAvIra kI dRSTi meM yuktisaMgata nahIM thaa| kyoM ki nairayika jIvoM meM ekAnta duHkha vedanA hote hue bhI kucha kSaNa sukha saMvedana ke hote haiM aura ve kSaNa tIrthaMkara-janma aura mitradeva ke milane ke hote haiN| ___bhavanapati Adi cAroM devanikAyoM meM yAvajjIvana sukha saMvedana hote hue bhI kucha kSaNa duHkha vedana ke hote haiM aura ve kSaNa paraspara vigraha, mAtsarya, cyavana se pUrva, anya deva dvArA devI yA AbharaNa kA apaharaNa Adi ke hote haiM / tiryaMca aura manuSya bhI apane jIvana meM kabhI sukha aura kabhI duHkha kA anubhava karate haiN| (bhaga0 za0 6 u0 10.) vedanA meM parivartana jo jIva isa janma meM duHkhI hai vaha ananta atIta ke janmoM meM bhI duHkhI hI thA aura ananta anAgata janmoM meM bhI vaha jIva duHkhI hI rhegaa| isI prakAra jo jIva isa janma meM sukhI hai vaha atIta meM bhI sukhI thA aura anAgata meM bhI sukhI hI rahegA / duHkhI sukhI nahIM ho sakatA aura sukhI duHkhI nahIM ho sakatA-kucha dArzanika jana sAdhAraNa meM aisI prAnta dhAraNA phailA rahe the| isa saMbaMdha meM bhagavAn mahAvIra se gautama gaNadharane eka samaya pUchA he bhagavan ! jIva tInoM kAla meM kabhI duHkhI aura kabhI sukhI-isa prakAra nAnA rUpoM meM pariNata hotA hai yA eka rUpa meM hI sthita rahatA hai ! he gautama ! karmabaddha jIva kabhI duHkhI aura kabhI sukhI-isa prakAra nAnA rUpoM meM pariNata hotA hai / kintu eka rUpa meM pariNata nahIM rhtaa| karmamukta jIva hI eka rUpa meM pariNata rahatA hai| (bhaga0 za0 6, u0 10.) vedanA ke bheda aura saMvedanazIla jIvoM kA vargIkaraNa 1. sukha-duHkha aura duHkha-sukha kA eka sAtha saMvedana / 2. sAtA-asAtA aura sAtA-asAtA sAtA asAtA kA eka sAtha saMvedana /
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________________ 278 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura 3. tInoM vedanA cauvIsa daMDaka sthita samasta sAMsArika jIvoM ko hotI haiM / (panna0 pada 35.) sukha-duHkha aura sAtA asAtA kA antara vedanIya karma ke yathAnukrama udaya se jo sukha-duHkha kA anubhava hotA hai use sAtA aura asAtA kahate haiM aura vipAka kAla ke pahale kisI viziSTa prakriyA se udaya meM lAe gaye vedanIya karma se jo sAtA asAtA kA anubhava hotA hai use sukha aura duHkha kahate haiN| yadyapi sukha aura duHkha ke kAraNa AtmA meM eka samaya vidyamAna rahate haiM; kintu unakA vedana kramazaH hotA hai| kyoM ki eka samaya meM eka hI upayoga hotA hai aura jahAM vedanA ke tIsare bheda meM sukha-duHkha athavA sAtA asAtA kA eka sAtha saMvedana mAnA gayA hai-vahAM aupacArika kathana samajhanA caahie| jaise-prasavavedanA aura putra-janma isa udAharaNa meM sukha-duHkha kA eka sAtha saMvedana aupacArika bhASA meM kahA jAtA hai / vAstava meM sukha aura duHkha ke saMvedana ke kSaNa bhinna-bhinna hote haiN| kyoM ki avibhAjya kAla ko eka samaya kahate hai| ataeva eka samaya kA kAla atyanta sUkSma hotA hai| (panna0 TIkA.) vedanA ke do rUpa. "AbhyupagamikI aura aupakramikI" jo vedanA svataH svIkAra kI jAya vaha AbhyupagamikI vedanA kahI jAtI hai-jaise jaina sAdhuoM kA keza-luMcana aura AtApanA Adi / jo vedanA vedanIya karma ke udaya athavA udIraNA se hotI hai vaha opakramika kI kahI jAtI hai| nerayika aura saMmUrchima, tiryaMca tathA cAroM nikAyoM ke deva aupakramika kI vedanA kA anubhava karate haiN| garbhaja, tithaMca aura manuSya AbhyupagamikI aura aupakramikI donoM hI vedanA kA anubhava karate haiM / ( panna0 pada 35.) phala kI apekSA se vedanA ke do bheda___evaMbhUta vedanA, anevaMbhUta vedanA / " baddhakarma ke anusAra phala prApta honA evaMbhUta vedanA aura baddhakarma meM parivartana hokara phala prApta hotA anevaMbhUta vedanA kahI jAtI hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke samaya meM rAjagRha meM kucha aise dArzanika the jo nizcita rUpa se samasta sAMsArika jIvoM ko evaMbhUta vedanA arthAt-binA kisI parivartana ke karmaphala kI prApti honA mAnate the| kintu bhagavAna mahAvIra cauvIsa daMDaka sthita samasta sAMsArika jIvoM meM evaMbhUta vedanA aura anevaMbhUta vedanA donoM vedanA honA mAnate the| kyoMki karmoM kA sthitighAta aura rasaghAta hotA hai| zubha adhyavasAya evaM zubhaanuSThAna dvArA karmoM kI tIvraphaladA
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________________ saMskRti jIvoM kI vedanA / 279 prakRtiyAM mandaphaladA ho jAtI haiM aura azubha adhyavasAya evaM azubha anuSThAna se mandaphaladA prakRtiyAM tIvraphaladA ho jAtI haiN| (bhaga0 za0 5, u0 5.) vedanA ke tIna bheda zArIrika, mAnasika aura zArIrika-mAnasika ' donoM eka sAtha / ' rogoM se honevAlI vedanA zArIrika, pazcAtApa yA cintAjanya vedanA mAnasika aura roga evaM ciMtA se eka sAtha honevAlI vedanA zArIra-mAnasI kahI jAtI haiN| naraka, deva, garbhaja, tithaMca aura manuSyoM ko. tInoM vedanA hotI haiM aura samasta saMmUrchima jIvoM ko kevala zArIrika vedanA hotI hai| (panna0 pada 35.) sparzaja vedanA ke tIna bheda ___" zIta, uSNa aura zItoSNa " ye tInoM vedanA kSetra aura kAla kI apekSA se sukhada aura duHkhada hotI haiM / zItaRtu meM zIta sparza duHkhada aura uSNa sparza sukhada hotA hai / grISmaRtu meM uSNa sparza duHkhada aura zIta sparza sukhada hotA hai / vasaMta yA varSA meM zItoSNa sparza sukhada hotA hai / deva, manuSya aura tiryaMca meM ye tInoM vedanAeM hotI haiN| prathama tIna narakoM meM uSNa vedanA, cauthI, pAMcavI aura chaThI meM zIta aura uSNa do vedanA aura sAtavIM naraka meM ekAnta zIta vedanA hotI hai| (panna pada 35.) mAnasika vedanA ke do bheda " nidA aura anidA" " nitarAM nizcitaM vA samyagdIyate cittamasyAmiti nidA" isa vyutpatti se yaha siddha hai ki jisa vedanA meM mana kA vyApAra nizcita ho vaha nidA nedanA kahI jAtI hai / tIvra mAnasika saMkalpa se jaba vedanA kA anubhava hotA hai vaha nidA vedanA aura manda mAnasika saMkalpa se jaba vedanA kA anubhava hotA hai anidA vedanA kahI jAtI hai / jo jIva pUrva janma meM aura Iha janma meM garbhaja hote haiM ve nidA vedanAvAle hote haiM, jo jIva pUrva janma meM aura Iha janma meM samUrchima ' manarahita' hote haiM ve anidA vedanAvAle hote haiM aura jo jIva pUrva janma meM saMmUrchima aura Iha janma meM garbhaja hote haiM ve nidA-anidA donoM vedanAvAle hote haiN| athavA vivekavAn kI vedanA nidA aura avivekI kI vedanA anidA kahI jAtI hai / nairayika, bhavanapati, vANavyantara, garmaja, tithaMca aura manuSya nidA anidA, kahIM donoM vedanAvAle hote haiM / saMmUrchima tiryaMca aura manuSya kevala anidA vedanAvAle hote haiM / jyotiSI aura vaimAnika samyagdRSTi devoM kI nidA vedanA aura mithyAdRSTi devoM kI anidA vedanA hotI hai| (panna0 pada 35)
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________________ 280 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura vedanA ke cAra bheda dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva kI apekSA se vedanA cAra prakAra kI hotI haiM:1. dravyavedanA-kisI padArtha ke nimitta se jo vedanA hotI hai vaha dravyavedanA kahI jAtI hai| 2. kSetravedanA-naraka Adi sthAnavizeSa jo vedanA hotI hai vaha kSetravedanA kahI jAtI hai| 3. kAlavedanA-narakAyu Adi jIvanakAla ke nimitta se jo vedanA hotI hai vaha kAla. vedanA kahI jAtI hai| 1. bhAvavedanA-vedanIya karma ke udaya se jo vedanA hotI hai vaha bhAvavedanA kahI jAtI hai| cAroM vedanAeM cauvIsa daMDaka ke samasta sAMsArika jIvoM ko hotI haiN| (pana0 pada 35) icchA yA anicchApUrvaka vedanA vedanA do prakAra kI haiM-akAma vedanA, sakAma vedanA / saMjJI jIva mana ke sadbhAva meM samartha aura asaMjJI jIva mana ke abhAva meM asamartha mAne gae haiM, kyoMki sukhada saMyoga pAkara pravRtta hone kA aura duHkhada prasaMga pAkara nivRtta hone kA sAmarthya kevala saMjJI jIva meM haiM-asaMjJI jIvoM meM nhiiN| asaMjJI jIva akAma vedanAvAle hote haiM aura saMjJI jIva akAmasakAma donoM vedanAvAle hote haiN| asaMjJI jIvoM kI akAma vedanA jisa prakAra nirmala netravAlA manuSya bhI dIpaka ke binA aMdhakAra meM par3e hue padArthoM ko dekhatA nahIM hai athavA nIce, Upara yA sAmane par3e hue padArthoM ko avalokana kie binA dekhatA nahIM hai / phira bhI aMdhere meM yA akasmAt sAmane par3A huA iSTa yA aniSTa padArtha pAkara sukhI yA duHkhI hotA hai| isI prakAra kaI icchAzaktisaMpanna saMjJI jIva bhI icchA ke binA kisI padArtha ko prApta nahIM karate haiN| phira bhI akasmAt icchA ke binA bhI iSTa yA aniSTa padArtha pAkara sukhI yA duHkhI hote haiM-yahI saMjJI jIvoM kI akAma vedanA hai| saMbI jIvoM kI sakAma vedanA jisa prakAra koI bhI vyakti samudra lAMghe binA samudra pAra ke dRzya nahIM dekha sakatA athavA svarga meM gae binA svargIya sukha nahIM pA sktaa| phira bhI jisa kI samudra pAra ke dRzya dekhane kI aura svargIya sukha pAne kI tIvra abhilASA hai vaha vyakti kevala tIvra saMkarasa se sukhI yA duHkhI hotA hai| isI prakAra kaI saMjJI jIva bhI kevala icchA se hI sukhI yA duHlI hote haiM arthAt sakAma vedanAvAle hote haiN| (bhaga0 0 7, u07)
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________________ saMskRti jIvoM kI vednaa| 281 nArakIya vedanA nArakIya jIva dasa prakAra ke duHkhoM kA anubhava karate haiM-sardI, garmI, bhUkha, pyAsa, kaNDU, ciMtA, bhaya, zoka, jarA aura vyAdhi / (ThA0 a0 10, bhaga0 za0 7, u0 8.) jisa prakAra sazakta sudRr3ha zilpI lohe ko pakSa paryanta prakhara tApa se tapAkara yadi uSNa vedanA se vikala nairayika para DAle tathApi mAnava loka kA atyuSNa lohA usa nairayika ko uSNa pratIta nahIM hotA hai| athavA jisa prakAra grISmaRtu meM sUryatApa se saMtapta vRddha gajarAja jalAzaya meM jalakrIDA karake sukhAnubhava karatA hai, ThIka isI prakAra uSNa vedanAvAn nairayika bhI mAnavaloka kI pracaNDa agni meM sukhada sparza kA anubhava karatA hai / isI prakAra zIta vedanAvAle nairayika ko bhI mAnavaloka ke himapuJja kA ati zIta sparza bhI zIta pratIta nahIM hotA hai| ukta donoM udAharaNoM meM zIta sparza kA kathana ghaTita karanA caahie| (jIvA0 prati. 3) sthAvara jIvoM kI vedanA __ pRthvIkAya Adi sthAvara jIvoM kI vedanA kA svarUpa samajhAne ke lie sarvajJa bhagavAn mahAvIrane do udAharaNa diye haiM: jisa prakAra balavAna yuvA puruSa jarAjarjarita deha-durbala-glAna vRddha ke mastaka para apane donoM hAthoM se prahAra karatA hai, usa samaya vaha vRddha jaisI vedanA kA anubhava karatA hai usase bhI adhika aniSTa, akAMta, apriya, amanojJa vedanA kA anubhava sthAvara jIva karate haiN| (bhaga0 za0 19, u0 3.) athavA-jisa prakAra eka apaMga, aMba, mUka, badhira vyakti ke badana meM eka yuvA puruSa sucIvedha karatA hai, usa samaya usa apaMga, aMdha, mUka, badhira vyakti ko jaisI vedanA hotI hai vaisI hI vedanA sthAvara jIvoM ko hotI hai| vedanA kI anubhUti bhI usa puruSa kI taraha sthAvara jIva bhI kevala sparza indriya se kara sakate haiN| (AcA0 prathama ) devatAoM kA sukha-saMvedana jisa prakAra eka svastha sundara aura saMpanna yuvaka apanI ati sundarI navavivAhitA prANapriyA ko apane ghara chor3akara vyApAra ke lie videza meM jaay| vahAM vaha solaha varSa taka vyApAra karatA rahe aura saMcita vipula dhanarAzi ko lekara punaH svadeza lauTe, usa samaya vaha cira vivAhitA prANapriyA patideva kA hRdaya se svAgata kare aura vaha pAkakuzalA vividha pakvAnna, miSTAna aura vyaJjana bnaaye| yuvaka bhI snAna karake vasanamUSaNa se susajjita hokara bhojana karane baiThe, patnI paMkhA jhalatI rahe aura pati ko bhojana karAtI rahe / bhojana ke bAda yuvaka svajana
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________________ 282 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura saMbaMdhiyoM se milane meM dina bitAe, saMdhyA hone para patnI zayanAgAra sajAve, svayaM bhI susajjita hokara sukomala zayyA para prANapriya ke sAtha baiThe, kucha dera taka usa cira virahI yugala kI vArtAeM hoM aura bAda meM ve donoM praNaya-prakarSa se sAMsArika sukha-sAdhanA meM nimagna hoM-usa samaya usa yuvaka-yuvati-yugala ko jaisA sukhAnubhava hotA hai, usase bhI ananta guNA adhika sukha kA anubhava deva-deviyoM ko hotA hai| vANavyaMtara devoM se nAgakumAra Adi sabhI bhavanapatiyoM kA aura unase asurendra, graha, nakSatra, tArA, candra, sUrya Adi uttarottara samasta surasamUha kA sukhAnubhava ananta guNA adhika hai| (sUrya0 panna0) yahAM yaha dhyAna rahe ki jina jIvoM ko vedanAbuddhi grAhya nahIM hai unhIM jIvoM kI vedanA kA sodAharaNa varNana AgamoM meM kiyA gayA hai| sukha-duHkha ke kAraNa AgamoM meM sukha do prakAra kA kahA gayA hai-vaiSayika sukha, AdhyAtmika sukha / vaiSayika sukha-duHkha kA kAraNa vedanIya karma mAnA gayA hai / vedanIya karma ke do bheda haiM-sAtAvedanIya aura asAtAvedanIya / sAMsArika vaiSayika sukha kA vedana sAtAvedanIya udaya se aura duHkha kA vedana asAtAvedanIya ke udaya se hotA hai| ___ prANImAtra ke prati anukaMpA Adi zubha adhyavasAyoM se AkarSita zubha pudgala saMghAta kA jaba AtmA ke sAtha saMbaMdha hotA hai taba sAtAvedanIya karma kA baMdha kahA jAtA hai| prANAtipAta Adi pApAcaraNa ke samaya azubha adhyavasAyoM se AkarSita azubha pudgala saMghAta kA jaba AtmA ke sAtha saMbaMdha hotA hai taba asAtAvedanIya karma kA baMdha kahA jAtA hai| jisa vyakti ke sAtAvedanIya karma kA udaya hotA hai use iSTa, kAnta, priya evaM manojJa pudgaloM kA saMyoga sukhakAraka hotA hai| (bhaga0 za06, u07) jisa vyakti ke asAtAvedanIya karma udaya hotA hai use aniSTa, akAnta, apriya evaM amanojJa pudgaloM kA saMyoga aura manojJa pudgaloM kA viyoga duHkhakAraka hotA hai| (bhaga0 za0 6, u0 7) nairayika jIvoM ko sadA aniSTa pudgaloM kA hI saMyoga hotA hai| isalie ve sadA duHkha kA hI vedana karate haiN| devatAoM ko sadA iSTa pudgaloM kA hI saMyoga hotA hai| isalie ve sadA sukha kA hI saMvedana karate haiM / tiryaMca aura manuSyoM ko kabhI iSTa pudgaloM aura kabhI aniSTa pudgaloM kA saMyoga hotA rahatA hai| isalie ve kabhI sukha aura kabhI duHkha bhogate haiN| ( bhaga0 za0 14, u09)
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________________ saMskRti jIvoM kI vednaa| 283 mAnava jIvana ke sukha 1 Arogya, 2 dIrgha Ayu, 3 dhana-dhAnya se paripUrNatA, 4 kAma, 5 bhoga, 6 saMtoSa, 7 manorathoM kI pUrti, 8 sukhabhoga, 9 niSkramaNa aura 10 anAbAdha / aMtima do sukha AdhyAtmika jIvana ke haiN| (ThA0 sU0 737) vedanIya karma kA udAharaNa jisa prakAra madhulipta asidhArA kA AsvAdaka madhu ke AsvAda se sukhAnubhUti aura asidhArA ke sparza se jihvAchedajanya duHkhAnubhUti karatA hai, ThIka isI prakAra AtmA bhI iSTa pudgala ke yoga se sukhAnubhUti aura aniSTa pudgala ke yoga se duHkhAnubhUti karatI hai / (karma0 bhA0 1) vedanIya karma ke bheda phalakI apekSA se sAtAvedanIya ke ATha bheda haiM-manojJa, zabda, rUpa, rasa, gaMdha, sparza, manasukha, vacanasukha aura kAyasukha / isI prakAra asAtAvedanIya ke bhI ATha bheda haiM-amanojJazabda yAvat kAyaasukha / (panna0 karmaprakRti pada 33) ___ kAraNoM kI apekSA se sAtAvedanIya ke do bheda haiM-ipithika arthAt kevalayogahetuka, sAMparAyika arthAt kaSAyahetuka / asAtAvedanIya kevala sAMparAyika-kaSAyahetuka hI hotA hai| vedanIya karma kI sthiti aura abAdhAkAla yogahetuka sAtA vedanIya karma kI sthiti kevala do samaya kI hai / sAMparAyika sAtA. vedanIya karma kI sthiti jaghanya bAraha muhUrta, utkRSTa paMdraha koTAkoTi sAgaropama aura abAdhAkAla paMdraha sau varSa kA hai / asAtAvedanIya kI jaghanya sthiti patyopama ke asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga nyUna eka sAgaropama kI, utkRSTa sthiti tIsa koTAkoTi sAgara kI aura abAdhAkAla tIna hajAra varSa kA hai| yahAM abAdhAkAla utkRSTa kahA gayA hai| ataeva baddhakarma kI sthiti ke anusAra hI abAdhAkAla samajhanA cAhie / baddhakarma meM phala dene kI zakti kA saMcaya abAdhAkAla meM hI hotA hai| (panna0 karma0 23) vezyAoM, kasAiyoM aura hiMsakoM ko saMpanna aura sukhI dekha kara tathA dhArmika puruSoM ko daridrI aura duHkhI dekha kara bahuta se vyaktiyoM kI yaha dhAraNA bana gaI hai ki pApI sukhI aura dharmAtmA duHkhI hote haiN| bhagavAn mahAvIrane ina vicAroM kA prativAda karate huye kahA haiM ki tInoM kAla meM arthAt sarvadA samasta duHkhoM kA mUla pApakarma hotA hai aura sukhoM kA mUla puNyakarma hotA hai aura yahI sthiti samasta sAMsArika jIvoM kI hai| (bhaga0 za0 7, u08)
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________________ 284 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha darzana aura AdhyAtmika sukha vedanA pracura isa vizva meM sukha kahAM ? jahAM dekho vahAM duHkha hI duHkha hai / yathA gAthA - jamma dukkhaM jarA dukkhaM, rogANi maraNANi ya / ahI dukkho hu saMsAro, jattha kI saMti jaMtuNo // 15 // ( uta0 a0 19 ) yadyapi sAtAvedanIyake udaya se vaiSayika sukha kA anubhava sAMsArika jIvoM ko hotA hai; kintu vaha bhI sukha nahIM, sukhAnubhAsa hai / kyoM ki 1 gAthA - jahA kiMpAga phalANaM, pariNAmo na sundaro / evaM bhUttANa bhogANaM, pariNAmo na sundaro // ( uta0 19 - 17.) Ayurveda meM kiMpAka phala, mIThA viSa ' vacchanAga' ko kahate haiN| jisa prakAra mIThA viSa khAte samaya mIThA lagatA hai; kintu pariNamana hone para prANahara hotA hai| isI prakAra kSaNika vaiSayika sukha prArambha meM acche lagate haiM aura bAda meM una sukhoM kI Asakti se hI vyakti ke prANa jAte haiM / athavA zleSma kA AsvAdana karatI huI makSikA zleSma se lipaTa kara hI maratI hai, isI prakAra bhogoM meM Asakta vyakti kI mRtyu bhI bhogoM ke bhogate 2 hI hotI hai; ataeva zramaNa kI sAdhanA AdhyAtmika sukha ke lie hotI hai / jisa prakAra vidyArthI kA adhyayanakAla sukhamaya nahIM hotA, apitu adhyayana ke bAda kA jIvana sukhamaya hotA hai / isI prakAra zramaNa kA sAdhanA kAla sukhamaya nahIM hotA apitu uttarakAla sukhamaya hotA hai; kyoMki sAdhanAkAla meM aneka prakAra ke upasarga, parISaha tathA tapAcaraNajanya duHkha hote haiM / kintu -- I yattadagre viSamitra, pariNAme'mRtopamam / tatsukhaM sAtvikaM proktaM, gItA0 // 37 // sAnA kI saphalatA para prApta honevAlA sukha avyAbAdha hotA hai / kahA bhI haisaba dukkha pahINaTThA-pakkamaMti mahesiNo " arthAt duHkhoM kA samUla nAza karane ke lie maharSiyoM kI sAdhanA hotI hai / 46 Atmika sukha kA amogha upAya - bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA gAthA - AyAvayAhI / caya sogamalaM, kAme kamAhI kamiyaM khu dukkhaM / chindAdi dosaM viNaeja rAgaM, evaM suhI hohisi samparAe // 5 // ( dazavai0 a0 2 )
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________________ saMskRti jIvoM kI vedanA | 285 isa vizva meM yadi nirAbAdha sukha cAhate ho to jisa prakAra mArgAtikrAmaka azva ko bAgaDora mor3a kara supatha para lAyA jAtA hai, usI prakAra iSTa, aniSTa viSayoM ke rAga-dveSa se tuma apane mana ko mor3a kara sAdhanA ke supatha para lagAo, icchaoM kA nigraha karo aura sukumAra se komala zarIra kA moha chor3a kara AtApanA lo, klezAkula vizva meM sukha prApta karane kA yahI eka mAtra upAya hai / zramaNa kA sukha - vedanIya karma ke kSayopazama se honevAlA zramaNoM kA AdhyAtmika sukha kevala anubhavagamya hotA hai, zabdagamya nahIM / phira bhI mAnava kI jijJAsA pUrtI karane ke lie bhagavAn mahAvIrane zramaNa ke sukha kI tulanA kI hai : eka mAsa ke dIkSita kA sukha vyantara devoM ke sukha se, do mAsa ke dIkSita zramaNa kA sukha nAgakumAra Adi bhavanapatiyoM ke sukha se, tIna mAsa ke dIkSita zramaNa kA sukha asurendra ke sukha se, Age kramazaH yAvat, eka varSa ke dIkSita kA sukha sarvArthasiddha ke devoM ke sukha se adhika hai / yaha varNana ratnatraya ke yathArtha ArAdhaka zramaNa kA hai / ( bhaga0 za0 14, u09 ) zramaNa kI sAdhanA jisa prakAra pAtheya ( vaha bhojya vastu jise pathika rAha meM khAne ke lie apane sAtha jAtA hai) sAtha lenevAle manuSya kI yAtrA sukhada aura na lenevAle kI yAtrA duHkhada hotI hai, isI prakAra ratnatraya kI sAdhanA rUpa pAtheya sAtha lenevAle sAdhaka kI parabhava yAtrA sukhada aura na lenevAle kI parabhava yAtrA duHkhada hotI hai / ( utta0 ) siddhoM kA sukha vedanIya karma ke AtyaMtika kSaya se zAzvata sukha kI prApti hotI hai / yadyapi siddhoM kA sukha anupama hai, phira bhI samajhane ke liye kucha kalpanAeM prastuta kI gaI haiM GOSTOS 1. jisa prakAra eka puruSa sarva rasaniSpanna bhojana se kSudhA pipAsA se nivRtta ho jAya aura usakI usa avicchinna amita tRpti ke sukha se siddhoM ke sukha kI tulanA kI jAya to tulanA nahIM ho sakatI / 2. saMsAra ke samasta mAnavIya aura daivI sukha se bhI siddhoM ke sukha kI tulanA nahIM ho sakatI / 3. zAzvata, ananta, atIta, anAgata aura vartamAna ke devI sukha se bhI siddhoM ke sukha kI tulanA nahIM ho sakatI / ( ubavAI)
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________________ 286 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-paMtha darzana aura upasaMhAra isa prakAra jaina, jainetara darzanoM meM sukha-duHkha ke kartA, kAraNa aura anubhavasaMbaMdhI vicAroM meM kitanA antara hai yaha jAnA jA sakatA hai| eka aura bhagavAn mahAvIra puruSArthavAda ko mahatva dete haiM to dUsarI aura anya darzana devavAda ko mahatva dete haiN| bhagavAn mahAvIra kahate haiM-" udvie no pamAyae" uTho pramAda na kro| (AcA0) appA kattA vikattA ya, duhANa ya suhANa ya / appA mittamamittaM ca, dupaTTi a supaDio // (utta0) apane sukha-duHkha ke kartA tuma svayaM ho, yadi cAho to puruSArtha se apramAda se duHkha ko sukha meM badala sakate ho, aura isake liye tumheM zubha adhyavasAya evaM zubhAnuSThAna meM niSThA karanI hogaa| hamAre hAtha kyA hai !-bhagavAn karegA vaisA hogA, ve jisa prakAra rakheMge rahanA par3egA, bhagavAn kI marajI ke binA pattA bhI hila nahIM sakatA, ityAdi / athavA bAlAjI, bherujI, mAtAjI Adi devoM se prArthanA karanA ki-he deva ! hameM parivAra aura paisA do, hamArI rakSA karo, sampatti do aura vipattiyoM se bacAo, zatruoM kA saMhAra karo aura svajanoM ke sahAyaka bano, aadi| ___bhagavAna mahAvIra ke puruSArthavAda meM aisI dIna-hIna prArthanAoM kA sarvathA niSedha hai| ata eva zivamastu sarvajagataH, parahitaniratA bhavantu bhUtagaNAH / doSAH prayAntu nAzaM, sarvatra sukhI bhavatu lokaH // 2 // isa bhavya bhAvanA ke sAtha prANImAtra svasukha ke lie sAdhanAmaya jIvana kA maMgalAcaraNa kreN| zubham /
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________________ maraNa kaisA ho ? upAdhyAya zrI hastImalajI mahArAja saMsAra meM saMbhava hI koI prANI ho jo maraNa ko nahIM jAnatA ho| choTe se choTe kITa, pataMga se lekara narendra, asurendra aura devendra taka bhI isake prabhAva se prabhAvita haiN| bhayaMkara se bhayaMkara roga meM phaMsanevAlA asahAya rogI bhI maranA nahIM cAhatA / bhale use kitanA hI roga, zoka, viyoga yA apamAna sahanA pdd'e| phira bhI vaha prANI yahI cAhegA ki marUM nahIM / kAraNa maraNa saba se bar3A bhaya hai| kahA bhI hai:-'maraNa samaM nthibhyN'| maraNa se bacane ke liye manuSya hara saMbhava upAya ko karane ke liye taiyAra rahatA hai| usane mRtyuJjaya aura mahAmRtyuJjaya ke bhI pATha karAye, susajjita senAoM ke bIca apane ko surakSita rakkhA; phira bhI maraNa se nahIM baca pAyA / maraNa ke sAmane maMtrabala, taMtrabala, yaMtrabala aura zastrabala sabhI bekAra haiM / kahAvata bhI hai:- kAla vetAla kI dhAka tihu~ loka meM / ' saca hai jagata ke jIvamAtra maraNa kA nAma sunate hI romAMcita ho jAte haiN| kintu jJAnI kahate haiM-" mRtyorvimeSikiM mUDha !" mUrkha ! mRtyu se kyoM DaratA hai ! yaha to purAnA colA chor3akara nayA dhAraNa karanA hai| isameM bhayabhIta hone kI kyA bAta hai ! nirbhaya aura nirmala bhAva se karttavya pAlana kara, phira dekha ki maraNa bhI tere liye maGgala mahotsava bana jaaygaa| ataH yaha jAnanA Avazyaka hai ki maraNa kyA hai aura vaha kitane prakAra kA hai| tathA uttama maraNa kaisA honA cAhiye / jainazAstra kahate haiM ki saMsAra kA koI bhI dravya sarvathA naSTa nahIM hotA / ataH prazna hotA hai ki ' maraNa ' jisako ki nAza kahate haiM kaise saMgata hogA ! kAraNa dravya kA lakSaNa ' utpAda, vyaya, dhrauvyayukta sat ' kahA hai / usakA kabhI nAza nahIM hotA, taba maraNa kyA huA! yahAM maraNa kA artha Atyantika tirobhAva yA adarzana hai / jaba Ayu pUrNa kara jIva kisI zarIra se alaga hotA hai yAne jIva yA prANoM kA zarIra se sarvathA saMbaMdha chUTa jAtA hai use maraNa kahate haiN| yadyapi AtmA ajara, amara aura ajanmA hai| vAstava meM usakA na janma hai aura (38)
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________________ 288 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura na maraNa; phira bhI saMsArAvasthA meM zarIradhArI jIva kA zarIra kI apekSA janma aura maraNa kahA jAtA hai / saMkSepa meM kahanA cAhiye ki vartamAna zarIra ko chor3akara jIva kA prayANa kara jAnA hI maraNa hai| prakAra:-jainazAstroM meM maraNa para bahuta gaMbhIra vicAra kiyA gayA hai| zrIsthAnAGga, zrIbhagavatI, zrIuttarAdhyayana Adi aMgopAMga sUtroM ke atirikta jainAcAryoMne maraNa para svataMtra prakaraNa bhI likhe haiN| maraNavibhatti, bhattapaccakkhANa aura samAdhimaraNa unameM khAsa ullekha yogya haiN| yaha nizcita hai ki saMsAra meM dRSTigocara honevAle padArtha mAtra eka dina vilaya hone vAle haiN| acetana meM jar3a hone se harSa, zoka ke bhAva utpanna nahIM hote| cetana hone se jIva ko hI harSa, zoka hote haiM / isaliye yahAM isI ke maraNa kA vicAra karanA hai / Atma. darzI mahAtmAoMne kahA hai ki maraNa kevala duHkhadAyI hI nahIM vaha sukhaprada bhI hotA hai / ajJAnI aura jJAnI kI dRSTi se maraNa bhI burA aura bhalA hotA hai| ajJAnI paryAyadRSTipradhAna hone se prANa-viyoga para rotA aura duHkha karatA hai, vahA~ jJAnI divyadRSTi kI pradhAnatA se dhana, jana, prANa ke viyoga meM bhI prasanna rahatA hai, sadA samarasa rahatA hai| ThIka hI kahA hai ki ajJAnI maraNa se Darate haiM, jaba ki jJAnI usako saharSa gale lagAte haiN| kAraNa, jJAnI samajhatA hai ki maiM to trikAla satya hU~, isa zarIra ke pahale bhI thA, aba bhI hU~ aura zarIra chUTane para bhI rahU~gA, phira sukRtAcaraNa se maiM kRtakRtya ho cUkA hU~, ataH mujhe maraNa se ghabarAne kI koI AvazyakatA nahIM / kahA bhI hai-"maraNAdapi nodvijate kRtakRtyo'smIti dharmA'tmA" zAstroM meM maraNa kA vistAra nimnarUpa se kiyA hai: bhagavatIsUtra meM maraNa ke 5 prakAra batalAe haiN| jaise-1 AvIcimaraNa, 2 avadhimaraNa, 3 AtyantikamaraNa, 4 bAlamaraNa, 5 paMDitamaraNa / prathama tIna prakAra ke maraNa dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhava aura bhAva bheda se pAMca 2 prakAra ke batalAye gae haiN| prati samaya Ayukarma ke dalikoM kA kSINa hote jAnA yaha AvIcimaraNa hai| 1. kaiviheNaM bhaMte ! maraNe paNyatte? goyamA! paMcavihe maraNe pnnnntte| taM jahA-AvIciyamaraNe, ohimaraNe, AditiyamaraNe, bAlamaraNe, pNddiymrnne| AvIciyamaraNe NaM bhaMte ! kaivihe paSgatte ? / goyamA ! paMcavihe paNNatte ! taM jahAdavAvIciyamaraNe, khettAvIciyamaraNe, kAlAvIciyamaraNe, bhavAvIciyamaraNe, bhAvAvIciyamaraNe / davAvIciyamaraNe NaM bhaMte ! kaivihe pangatte? goyamA ! cauvihe pnnnntte| taM jahA-NeraiyadavyAvIciyamaraNe, tirikkhajoNiyadavyAvIciyamaraNe, maNussadavvAvIciyamaraNe, devadavAvIciyamaraNe / se ke gaDheNaM bhaMte ! evaM vuccai-NeraiyadavvAvIciyamaraNe ? goyamA ! jaNNaM NeraDayA Neraie davve vaTTamAgA jAI davAI NeraiyAuyatAe gahiyAI baddhAI puTThAI kaDAI paTThaviyAI niviTThAI abhiNiviTThAI abhisamaNNAgayAiM bhavaMti, tAIdavvAiM AvIci aNusamaya NiraMtaraM maraMtItikaThTha, se tegaDeNaM goyamA / evaM vuccai-Neraiya
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________________ saMskRti maraNa kaisA ho? naraka Adi bhava kI sthiti pUrNa kara jo tat tat bhavAnubandhI sAmagrI kA tyAga kiyA jAtA hai vaha avadhimaraNa hai| aura eka vAra marane ke bAda phira usa bhava se nahIM maranA yaha AtyantikamaraNa hai| phira sthAnAMga sUtra meM maraNa ke tIna prakAra bhI batalAye haiM / jaise-1. bAlamaraNa, 2. paMDitamaraNa, 3. bAlapaMDitamaraNa / vivekarahita avirata jIva kA maraNa bAlamaraNa, tatvajJAnI saMyamI kA maraNa paMDitamaraNa aura samyagdRSTi vratI gRhastha kA maraNa bAlapaMDitamaraNa kahalAtA hai / pariNAmoM ke sthita, asthita aura vardhamAna zubhAdhyavasAyoM se pratyeka ke tIna 2 bheda hote haiN| bAlamaraNa janma-maraNa kI vRddhi kA kAraNa hai / ataeva zramaNa bhagavAn zrImahAvIrane davvAvIciyamaraNe evaM | jAva devadavvAvIciyamaraNe / khettAvIciyamaraNe NaM bhaMte ! kaivihe paNNatte ? goyamA ! cauvihe paNyatte, taM jahA-NeraiyakhettAvIciyamaraNe jAva devakhettAvIciyamaraNe / se kepaTTeNaM maMte! evaM vuccai-NeraiyakhettAvIciyabharaNe / NeraiyakhettAvIciyamaraNe ? goyamA | jaNaM NeraDyA raiyakhette vaTTamANA jAI davAI NeraiyAuyattAe, evaM jaheva davvAvI. ciyamaraNe taheva khettAvIciyamaraNe'pi evaM0 jAva bhAvAvIciyamaraNe / ohimaraNe NaM bhaMte ! kAvihe paNNatte ? goyamA / paMcavihe paNNatte / taM jahA-danvohimaraNe, khettohimaraNe. jAva bhAvohimaraNe / davvohimaraNeNaM bhaMte / kaivihe pnnnntte?| goymaa| cauvihe pannatte / taM jahA-NeraiyadavvohimaraNe. jAva devdvvohimrnne| se keNaTeNaM bhaMte / evaM vuccai-NeraiyadavyohimaraNe NeraiyadavvohimaraNe? / goyamA | jaNNaM NeraiyA Neraiyadavve vaTTamANA jAI davvAiM saMpaI maraMti jaNNaM NeraiyA tAI davvAI agAgae kAle puNo vi marissaMti, se tegaDhegaM goyamA ! jAva davvohimaraNe, evaM tirikkhajoNiya. maNussa0 devadavvohimaraNe vi / evaM eeNaM gamaeNaM khettohimaraNe vi, kAlohimaraNe vi, bhohimaraNe vi, bhAvohimaraNe vi| AditiyamaraNe NaM bhaMte ! pucchA ? goyamA ! paMcavihe paNatte / taM jahAdavvAditiyamaraNe, khettAdiMtiyamaraNe. jAva bhAvAditiyamaraNe / davvAditiyamaraNe NaM bhaMte ! kaivihe paNNatte / / goyamA! cauvihe paNNatte taM jahA-NeraiyadavvAiMtiyamaraNe. jAva devadavvAiMtiyamaraNe / se keNaTeNaM bhaMte / evaM vuccai-jeraiyadavvAiMtiyamaraNe Nerayaiyadavve vaTTamANA jAI davAI saMpayaM-marati, jeNaM NeraiyA tAI davvAI aNAgae kAle No puNo vi marissaMti se teNaDhega0 jAva maraNe, evaM tirikkha0 maNussa. devAditiyamaraNe, evaM khettAiMtiyamaraNe vi / evaM jAva bhAvAditiyamaraNe vi / bAlamaraNeNaM bhate ! kaivihe paNatte ? goyamA duvAlasavihe paNNatte ? / taM jahA-bAlayamaraNe jahA khaMdae. jAva giddhapiDhe // paMDiyamaraNe NaM bhaMte / kaivihe paNatte ? goyamA / duvihe paNNatte / taM jahA-pAovagamaNe ya, bhattapaJcakkhANe ya / pAovagamaNe NaM bhaMte | kaivihe paNNatte ? / goyamA! duvihe pnnnntte| taMjahA-NIhArime ya. aNIhArime ya0 jAva NiyamA apaDikkame / bhattapaccakkhANe NaM bhaMte ! kaivihe paNNate? evaM taM ceva NavaraM NiyamA sapaDikamme ! sevaM bhaMte / bhaMte ti [ sUtra 496 ] bha. 13, za0 7 u. / 2. tivihe maraNe paNNatte taM jahA-bAlamaraNe, paMDiyamaraNe, bAlapaMDiyamaraNe / bAlamaraNe tivihe paNNatte taM jahA-Thialesse, saMkiliTThalesse, pajjavajAtalesse / paMDiyamaraNe tivihe paNNate taM jahA-Thialesse, asaMkiliTalesse. pajjavajAtalesse / bAlapaMr3iyamaraNe tivihe paNNatte taM jahA-Thialesse, asaMkiliTThalesse, pajavajAtalesse / sthA. 3 u. [ 222 sUtra]
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________________ 290 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha darzana aura kahA hai ki tapasvI nigranthoM ko aise maraNa se nahIM maranA cAhiye / ve maraNa nimna prakAra haiM - 1. balayamaraNa, 2. vazArtamaraNa, 3. nidAnamaraNa, 4. tadbhavamaraNa, 5. giripatana, 6. tarupatana, 7. jalapraveza, 8. abhipraveza, 9. viSabhakSaNa, 10. zastraghAta, 11. vaihAyasa, 12. gRddhapRSThamaraNa / balAyamaraNa Adi kA svarUpa isa prakAra hai: ( 1 ) bhUkha pyAsa Adi pariSoM se ghabarA kara asaMyama sevana karate maranA balAmaraNa hai / (2) pataGga Adi kI taraha zabdAdi viSayoM ke adhIna hokara maranA vazArtamaraNa hai, jaise kisI kAminI ke pIche kAmI kA prANa gaMvAnA / ( 3 ) Rddhi Adi kI prArthanA karake sambhUti muni kI taraha maranA nidAnamaraNa hai / ( 4 ) jisa bhava meM hai usI janma ( yonI ) kA Ayu bAMdha kara maranA tadbhavamaraNa hai / ( 5 ) parvata se gira ke maranA / ( 6 ) vRkSa se laTaka kara maranA / ( 7 ) jala meM DUba kara maranA / ( 8 ) Aga meM satI Adi kI taraha jIte jala maranA / ( 9 ) viSa khA kara maranA / (10) zastra se AtmahatyA kara lenA / ( 11 ) phAMsI lekara maranA / ( 12 ) pazu ke kalevara meM gIdha Adi kA bhakSya bana kara maranA / uparokta 12 prakAra ke maraNa se maranevAlA jIva naraka, tiryaMca, manuSya aura devagati ke ananta 2 janma karatA huA caturgati rUpa saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karatA hai / isa prakAra yaha 6 'bAlamaraNa' saMsAra ko bar3hAnevAlA hai / bhagavAn mahAvIra kahate haiM - " kauTumbika jhagaDoM se taMga Akara yA dhana- -hAni, jana-hAni aura mAna-hAni kI vyAkulatA meM maranA duHkha ko ghaTAnA nahIM bar3hAnA hai " - yaha ' paMDitamaraNa nahIM bAlamaraNa ' hai / mAtA, pitA, putra yA pati, patnI Adi priyajana ke viyoga meM mara jAnA athavA mRta pati ke sAtha jIte jala jAnA bhI uttama maraNa nahIM hai / bahutasI bAra manuSya zoka, moha aura ajJAna ke vaza bhI prANa gamA detA hai / vyApAra, dhaMdhe meM hAni uThAkara lenadAroM ko dene kI akSamatA se saiMkaDoMne mAna-pratiSThA kI Aga meM prANoM kI bali kara dI aura karate jAte haiM / arthAbhAva meM pArivArika bharaNa-poSaNa aura karjadArI kI ciMtA se bhI kaI halAhala pI kara maraNa kI zaraNa le lete haiN| ghara kI lar3AI-jhagar3oM se taMga Akara aura duHkha meM Uba kara bhI kaI lalanAe~ tela chiTaka kara jala maratI haiN| naukarI nahIM milane se kaI zikSita yuvaka aura 1. do maraNAI samaNeNaM bhagavayA mahAvIreNaM samagANaM NiggaMthANaM No niz paNiyAI, No NicaM kittiyAI, No NicaM pUiyAI, jo NicaM pasatthAI, No NicaM abbhaNunnAyAI bhavati / taMjahA - balAyamaraNe ceva, vasaTTamaraNe caitra 1, evaM NiyAgamaraNe ceva, tabbhavamaraNe caitra 2, giripaDaNe ceva, tarupaDaNe caitra 3, jalappavese cetra, jalagappavase ce 4, visabhakkhaNe ceva, satthovADhane ceva 5 / do maraNAI0 jAvaNo NicaM abbhaNunnAyAhaM bhavaMti, kAraNega puNa appaDakuTThAI / jahA - vehANase ceva, giddhapaTTe ceva 6 /
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________________ saMskRti maraNa kaisA ho? 291 parIkSA meM phela hokara kaI vidyArthI prativarSa jIvana samApta karate sune jAte haiN| isa prakAra icchA se maranevAloM kI saMkhyA kama nahIM haiN| vAstava meM ye saba akAma-maraNa yA bAlamaraNa haiN| isa prakAra cintA, zoka yA abhAva meM jhulasa kara kaI mAnava apanI jIvana-lIlA samApta karate haiM / sacamuca yaha deza aura samAja ke liye kalaMka kI bAta hai| samAja aura rASTranAyakoM ko isakA ucita hala nikAlanA cAhiye / aise avivekapUrvaka akAmamaraNa se maranA duHkha ghaTAnevAlA nahIM hotA / isase tatkAla aisA pratIta hotA hai ki mara jAne se maiM apanI AMkhoM yaha duHkha nahIM dekha pAU~gA; kintu use dhyAna rakhanA cAhiye ki akAmamaraNa se vartamAna kA duHkha lAkhoM guNA hokara phira sAmane A sakatA hai / jaba ki Aja kA vicArapUrNa samartha mana bhI nahIM raha pAtA / saca bAta yaha haiM ki duHkha bhagane se nahIM chUTatA, vaha to zAMtipUrvaka bhogane se chUTatA hai| paMDitamaraNa aura usake prakAra:-bhagavatIsUtra ke dvitIya zataka, prathama uddeza meM prabhune khaMdaka saMnyAsI ko maraNa kA svarUpa batalAte hue kahA hai ki-paMDitamaraNa do prakAra kA hai-pAdopagamana aura bhaktapratyAkhyAna / nIhArima aura anIhArima rUpa se pAdopagamana do prakAra kA hai / yaha pratikarma rahita hI hotA hai| bhaktapratyAkhyAna nIhArima aura anIhArima donoM prakAra kA sapratikarma hotA hai-arthAt isameM zarIra kI halana-calana rUpa ceSTAeM tathA sAra-saMbhAla hotI haiN| ina donoM prakAra ke paMDitamaraNa se maranevAlA jIva ananta-ananta naraka, tithaMca Adi ke janma-maraNa se AtmA ko vimukta karatA yAvat saMsAra ko pAra karatA hai / bhakta pratyAkhyAna Adi kA svarUpa evaM bheda nimna diye jAte haiN| bhaktapratyAnakhyAna-jisameM tIna yA cAra prakAra ke AhAramAtra kA tyAga hotA hai, aura zarIra kA halana-calana banda nahIM kiyA jAtA use bhaktapratyAkhyAna kahate haiN| iMgitamaraNa-isameM sarvathA khAne-pIne kA tyAga kiyA jAtA aura maryAdita kSetra ke atirikta zarIra se gamanAgamana Adi ceSTA bhI nahIM kI jAtI hai / pAdopagamana meM yaha vizeSatA hai ki vaha zarIra kI koI ceSTA nahIM karatA, na karavaTa hI badalatA hai| dUsarA bhale koI use idhara se udhara baiThA de yA karavaTa badala de, kintu svayaM vaha koI ceSTA nahIM karatA, vRkSa kI taraha aDola par3A rahatA hai| __ bhaktapratyAkhyAna meM jalAhAra liyA jAtA hai aura vaha sAgArI bhI hotA hai| kintu iMgitamaraNa aura pAdopagamana meM koI AgAra nahIM hotA, na koI jalAhAra hI grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai / bhaktapratyAkhyAna sarvadA sabake liye sulabha hai; parantu iMgitamaraNa evaM pAdopagamana prathama 3 saMhanana meM aura viziSTa zrutadhArI ko hI hote haiN| vyavahAra bhASya meM kahA hai ki
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________________ 292 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha darzana aura sabhI AryA aura saba prathama saMhananahIna jIva tathA saba dezavirati bhaktapratyAkhyAna ko hI prApta karate haiM / pAdopagamanavAle ko kabhI pUrvabhava ke baira se koI deva pAtAlakalazoM meM saMharaNa kara de to vaha upasarga ko samyak prakAra se sahana karatA hai / usa samaya aisA socatA hai ki jaise talavAra myAna se bhinna hai, aise jIva zarIra se bhinna hai; ataH upasarga se merI koI hAni nahIM hotI / jaise meru pUrvAdi cAroM dizA kI pracaNDa vAyu se kampita nahIM hotA, vaise pAdopagamanavAlA upasarga meM bhI dhyAna se calAyamAna nahIM hotA hai / inakA Adarza hotA hai ugratama kaSTa ke samaya bhI avicala rahakara maraNa kA AliMgana karanA | dekhiye, kRSNa vAsudeva ke laghubhAI gajasukumArane maraNAnta kaSTa ke samaya bhI kaisI akhaNDa zAMti kAyama rkkhii| bhagavAn nemanAtha kI anumati lekara jaba mahAmuni mahAkAla zmazAna meM dhyAna lagAkara dehaha-bhAna ko bhulAkara AtmadhyAna meM tallIna ho gaye, usa samaya somala brAhmaNa udhara se nikalA aura mahAmuni ko dekhate hI krodha se jala uThA / usane gIlI miTTI lekara muni ke zira para bA~dhI tathA aMgAre rakha diye / zira jalane lagA aura naseM khiMcane lagIM, phira bhI munijI ke mana meM upha taka nahIM; kyoMki unhone krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha ke AMtara vikAroM ko jalA diyA evaM prANImAtra ko Atmasama samajha liyA thaa| aMtara meM eka hI AvAja gUMjatI thI ki - " maiM eka aura zAzvata huuN| merA svarUpa jJAna, darzana hai| dhana, dArA aura parivAra Adi saba bAhyabhAva para haiM / aura ve saMyoga sambandha se apane va parAye hote haiM / vAstava meM ye mere nhiiN| jJAna, darzanarUpa upayoga svabhAva hI merA hai| jo na kabhI jalatA hai aura na kabhI galatA hai / kahA bhI hai 1 " ego me sAsao appA, nANadaMsaNasaMjuo / sesA me bahirA bhAvA, sadhe saMjogalakkhaNA || 99 aMga aMga ke jalane para bhI gajasukumAla kI prasannatA avicala rahI aura kSaNoM meM hI akhaNDa samAdhi ke sAtha unhoMne sakala karma kSaya kara mukti prApta karalI | adhikArI - ve loga isake adhikArI nahIM hote, jinakA jIvana hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, vyabhicAra Adi pApoM meM racA-pacA hotA hai| jo ajitendriya hokara abhakSya bhakSaNa karatA aura viSaya kaSAya meM rati mAnatA hai vaise asaMyamazIla prANiyoM kA aMtima samaya meM hAhAkAra karate prayANa hotA hai / unako paMDitamaraNa prApta nahIM hotA / ataH yaha bAlamaraNa hai / krodha, lobha yA moha aura ajJAna ke vaza jo Atma-hatyAeM kI jAtI haiM ve saba bhI bAlamaraNa haiM /
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________________ saMskRti maraNa kaisA ho ? 293 antima kSaNa taka bhautika kAmanA kI AkulatA hone se ye akAmamaraNa se marate haiM / ataH paMDitamaraNa ke adhikArI nahIM hote / ___ saMyamazIla vratI gRhastha yA mahAvratadhArI sAdhu-sAdhvI jo hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, kuzIla aura * parigraha ke pUrNa tyAgI aura jitendriya haiM, AraMbha parigraha aura viSaya-kaSAya se mana ko mor3a kara jinhoM ne paramAtmA ke caraNoM meM citta lagA diyA evaM jJAna ke prakAza meM jar3a-cetana kA bheda samajhakara tana, dhana, parijana se mamatA haTAlI hai ve hI paMDitamaraNa ke adhikArI hote haiM / paMDitamaraNa meM kevala vizuddha hetu aura prasannatA ke sAtha dehatyAga kiyA jAtA hai| ataH ise sakAmamaraNa bhI kahate haiN| sabhI sAdhu aura zrAvaka paMDitamaraNa ko prApta nahIM karate, kintu paMDitamaraNa ke adhikArI kucha viziSTa puruSa hI hote haiM / jaise kahA bhI hai na imaM savesu bhikkhusu, na imaM savesu'gArisu / nANA sIlA agArasthA, visama-sIlA ya bhikkhuNo / / u. 5 // yaha maraNa sabhI bhikSuoM meM nahIM hotA, na saba gRhasthoM ko hotA hai| kAraNa vibhinnazIla svabhAva ke gRhastha hote haiM aura bhikSuoM ke bhI saMyamasthAna samAna nahIM hote / dekhiye hajAra varSa kA saMyama pAlana karake bhI kuMDarIkane canda dinoM kI bhoga-bhAvanA meM maraNa bigAr3a liyA, pariNAmasvarUpa usako naraka meM jAnA par3A aura puMDarIkane jIvana kA lambA samaya bhoga evaM rAga meM bitA kara bhI aMtima dinoM kI pavitra sAdhanA se jIvana sudhAra liyA aura paMDitamaraNa se marakara sugati prApta kI / yaha paMDitamaraNa kI hI mahimA hai / jJAnI kahate haiM-yadi tuma duHkha se Uba gae ho, sahane kI zakti kho cuke ho aura maranA cAhate ho to cintA-zoka meM deha ko galA kara marane kI apekSA tapa-saMyama meM deha ko vivekapUrvaka galAo aura dhyAnAgni meM duHkha ko jalA kara haMsate-haMsate maro, rote hue kyoM marate ho| vidhiH- jaba samajhalo ki aba zarIra adhika samaya taka TikanevAlA nahIM hai athavA dharmarakSA ke liye prANoM kA tyAga karanA haiM taba sarvaprathama mana se bairavirodha bhulA kara aMtasasmA ko svaccha banA lenA cAhiye / phira tana, mana, dhana, parijanAdi bAhya vastuoM se mana mor3a kara, AtmasvarUpa meM vRtti jamA kara, sadA ke liye akaraNIya pApakarma aura caturvidha prahAra kA tyAga kara lenA caahiye| arhanta siddha kI sAkSi se yaha nizcaya kara lo ki saMsAra ke dRzya padArtha saba para aura nAzavAna haiM / unako apanA samajha kara hI cirakAla se maiM bhaTaka rahA hU~, yaha merA ajJAna hai /
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pratha darzana aura vAstava meM tana evaM dhana kI hAni se merI koI hAni nahIM hotii| maiM sadA zuddha, buddha evaM samarasa huuN| Aga meM jalanA, pAnI meM galanA aura roga se sar3anA merA svabhAva nahIM hai / sar3anA, galanA, jalanA Adi deha ke dharma haiM, ataH isa paramapriya deha kA bhI Aja se sneha chor3atA huuN| merA na kisI para rAga hai, na kisI para dveSa / isI prakAra ke maraNa se aMbar3a saMnyAsI ke 700 ziSyoMne bhI sugati prApta kI thii| kaMpilapura se purimatAla kI ora jAte samaya jaba unake pAsa kA pAnI samApta ho gayA aura tRSA ke mAre hoTha-kaMTha sUkhane lage, taba unhoMne usa duHkhada sthiti meM nimna prakAra kA paMDitamaraNa svIkAra kiyA thaa| pahale gaMgA ke kinAre bAlU ko dekhA, sApha kiyA aura phira pUrvAbhimukha paryakAsana se baiTha kara donoM hAtha jor3e hue isa prakAra bole-" namaskAra ho siddhiprApta jinavara ko aura namaskAra ho siddhigati pAnevAle zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra ko, phira namaskAra ho hamAre dharmAcArya dharmaguru ambar3a parivrAjaka ko / hamane pahale dharmaguru ambar3a ke pAsa sthUla hiMsA, jhUTha, adatta, saMpUrNa maithuna aura parigraha kA tyAga kiyA hai / aba zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra ke pAsa AjIvana saba prakAra ke hiMsA, jhUTha, adatta, kuzIla aura parigraha kA tyAga karate haiN| hama sarvathA krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, rAga, dveSa, kalaha, abhyAkhyAna, paizunya, paraparivAda, aratirati, mAyAmRSA, aura mithyAdarzanazalyarUpa akaraNIya pApakarma kA AjIvana tyAga karate haiN| jIvana bhara ke liye saba prakAra kA anazanAdi caturvidha AhAra bhI chor3ate haiM aura yaha bhI zarIra jo Aja taka iSTa, kAMta evaM atyanta premapAtra rahA jisako sadA bhUkha, pyAsa, saradI, garamI, daMzamacchara, coravyAla aura roga-zoka se bacAte rahe, usa priya tana kI bhI antima zvAsocchrAsa ke sAtha hama mamatA chor3ate haiM / aba kucha bhI ho, isa ora dhyAna nahIM deMge / yaha paMDitamaraNa grahaNa karane kI vidhi hai| isa prakAra ve saMlekhanApUrvaka AmaraNa anazana meM kAla kI apekSA nahIM karate hue vicarate rahe / antima samaya anazanapUrvaka samAdhibhAva meM maraNa pA kara brahmaloka ke adhikArI bane / unhoMne apanA maraNa sudhAra liyA / AtmahatyA aura samAdhimaraNa:--bahuta se loga yaha samajhA karate haiM ki saMthArA yA bhattapaJcakkhANa se maranA yaha AtmahatyA hai / unako samajhanA cAhiye ki AtmahatyA aura samAdhimaraNa meM bar3A antara hai / AtmahatyA meM niSkAraNa zoka yA mohAdivaza zarIra naSTa kiyA jAtA hai| usameM ciMtA-zoka kI AkulatA yA moha kI vikalatA hotI hai, jaba ki samAdhimaraNa meM bhaya, zoka ko bhUla kara prasanna mana se saba ko maitrIbhAva se dekhate hue nirmoha
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________________ saMskRti maraNa kaisA do ? bhAva meM deha tyAga kiyA jAtA hai / AtmahatyA meM deha kA durupayoga hai, jaba ki samAdhimaraNa sabhI prakAra ke vega ko zAnta kara svastha mana se AyukAla kI nikaTa aMta meM samApti samajha kara kiyA jAtA hai / 295 AtmahatyA kisI kAmanA ko lekara hotI hai / usameM krodha, lobha yA zoka, moha kAra hote haiM, jaba ki samAdhimaraNa niSkAma hotA hai / isameM sabhI prakAra ke vikAroM ko naSTa kara kevala Atmazuddhi kA hI lakSya hotA hai / samAdhimaraNa meM ye pAMca dUSaNa mAne gaye haiM / 1. isa loka meM tana, dhana, vaibhava Adi sukhoM kI icchA karanA, 2 . indrAdi pada yA svargIya sukha kI AzA karanA, 3 . adhika jIne kI icchA karanA, 4 . kaSTa se ghabarA kara jalda marane kI icchA karanA, 5 . kAmabhoga - indriyasukhoM kI vAMchA karanA / samAdhimaraNa meM vahA~ koI kAmanA nahIM rahatI, vahAM zarIra ko akSama samajha kara yA zIla dharmAdi kI rakSA ke liye anivArya samajha kara pavitra hetu se Atmahita ke liye zarIra. tyAgA jAtA hai / ataH yaha kisI taraha AtmahatyA nahIM kahA jA sakatA / yaha to samAdhimaraNa yA paMDitamaraNa hai / maraNa mahimA :- manuSya cAhe jaisI bhI ucca kula, jAti yA yoni meM utpanna huA ho, yadi jIvana kA saMdhyAmaraNa aMdhakArapUrNa hai to usakA sArA parizrama aura sAdhana - saMkalana vyartha hai / usakA janma duHkhavRddhi ke liye hai / vAstava meM jIvana zikSAkAla hai aura maraNa parIkSAkAla | jIvana kAryakAla hai aura maraNa vizrAMtikAla / jaina maharSioMne kahA hai ki - jisakA maraNa sudharA usakA jIvana sudharA samajho aura maraNa bigar3A to jIvana bigar3A samajho; kyoM ki maraNa kI saMdhyA pAra karake hI prANI jIvana ke navaprabhAta kI ora jAtA hai| zAstra meM bhI kahA hai: --- antomuhuttaMmi gae, anto muhuttaMmisesa ceva / sAhiM pariNayAhiM jIvA gacchanti paraloyaM // u. 34 // jisa lezyA meM jIva kAla karatA hai, antarmuhUrta zeSa rahane para jIva paraloka meM bhI usI lezyAsthAna meM jAkara utpanna hotA hai / ataH AtmahitaiSiyoM ke liye maraNa sudhAra kI ora lakSya denA atyAvazyaka hai / zAstra kahate haiM ki tanadhArI prANImAtra ko maranA to hai hI, cAhe dhairyapUrvaka kaSToM ko zAMti se saha kara mare yA kAyara kI taraha dIna hokara mare / tana, dhana evaM parivAra ke liye akulAte hue mare yA saba se mamatA haTA kara nirAkula bhAva se mare / satya
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________________ 296 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura zIla kI ArAdhanA karate hue mare athavA zIlarahita avrata dazA meM mare / donoM dizAmeM maranA to avazya hai / taba kAyara kI taraha bilakhate marane kI apekSA saMyamazIla ho kara dhairya se haMsate hue maranA hI acchA hai / kahA bhI hai: dhIreNaM vi mariyavaM, kAuriseNa vi avassa mariyavaM / dulhapi hu mariyo, varaM khu dhIrattaNe mri|| 64 // sIleNa vi mariyavaM nissIleNa vi avassa mariyarcha / duhaMpi hu mariyave, varaM khu sIlattaNe mariuM // 65 // Atu0 pa. urdU kavine bhI kahA hai " haMsa ke duniyAM meM marA, koi koi roke marA / / jindagI pAI magara, usane jo kucha ho ke marA // " vidvAnoM ko aise hI maraNa se maranA cAhiye / isa prakAra maranevAle mara ke bhI amaratA ke bhAgI hote haiN| abhyudyata maraNavidhi -(TippaNa) vivekI puruSa jIvana kI antima ghar3iyoM meM pUrI satarkatA rakhate haiM ,kyoM ki usa samaya kI jarAsI galatI bane-banAye kAma ko bigAr3a detI hai| ataH jyoMhI unheM jIvana-yAtrA meM lambe samaya taka zarIra TikanevAlA nahIM hai aisA pratibhAsita hotA hai, tyoMhI binA vilamba ve maraNa ko zAnadAra banAne ke liye kaTibaddha ho jAte haiM / tana, dhana, parijana aura sammAna se mana mor3akara ve eka mAtra AtmalakSI ho jAte haiM / taba parAye guNApaguNa dekhane kI apekSA unako AtmadarzI hokara apanA nirIkSaNa karanA hI adhika priya hotA hai aura jIvana kI choTI-moTI koI bhI cUka ho usako binA saMkoca ke gItArtha ke pAsa AlocanA dvArA pragaTa karanA aura yathAyogya prAyazcitta se usakI zuddhi karanA unakA pradhAna lakSya hotA hai| jaise suyogya vaidya bhI apanI cikitsA dUsare se karAtA hai, vaise jJAnasaMpanna sAdhaka bhI anya gItArtha ke sammukha apanI AlocanA karate aura Atmazuddhi karate haiN| maraNa kI taiyArI ke liye zAstroM meM pahale saMlekhanA kA vidhAna hai| vaha jaghanya 6 mAsa aura utkRSTa 12 varSa kI hotI hai| uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke 36 veM adhyAya meM kahA hai ki 12 varSa kI utkRSTa saMlekhanA, madhyama 1 varSa aura jaghanya 6 mAsa kI hotI hai / jo isa prakAra hai-pahale 4 varSa dUdha Adi vigaI kA tyAga kiyA jAtA hai aura dUsare cAra varSa meM upavAsa, belA Adi vicitra tapa kiye jAte haiM / phira do varSa ekAntara tapa aura pAraNaka meM AyaMbila kiyA jAtA hai / igyArahaveM varSa meM 6 mahIne kA sAmAnya tapa kiyA jAtA aura
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________________ saMskRti maraNa kaisA ho? 297 6 mahIne vikRSTa tapa kiyA jAtA hai| isameM AyaMbila bhI parimita kiye jAte haiN| bAraveM varSa meM upavAsa Adi ke pAraNaka meM koTi sahita AyaMbila Adi kiye jAte haiN| bIca 2 meM mAsa aura pakSa ke anazana bhI karate haiM / a. 36 / 252-56 / ___ vyavahAra sUtra ke dazama uddeza ke bhASya meM bhI isa kA vistAra se varNana milatA hai / vahAM prathama ke cAra varSoM meM vicitra tapa kA icchAnusAra-kAmaguNa pAraNA aura dUsare cAra varSoM meM vigai, tyAgapUrvaka pAraNA kA ullekha hai bhA. 412 se 421 / madhyama aura jaghanya saMlekhanA bhI aise mAsa aura pakSa ke vibhAga se kI jAtI haiN| isa prakAra saMlekhanA ke anantara guru yA gItArtha parIkSita hI sAmAnya rUpa se isa maraNa ko svIkAra karate haiM / saMlekhanA dvArA kevala zarIra ko hI kSINa nahIM kiyA jAtA, balki antara ke vikAroM ko bhI kSINa kiyA jAtA hai / jaba taka Antarika vikAra kSINa nahIM hote sAdhaka uttama maraNa ko prApta nahIM kara sakatA / isake liye pahale parIkSA kI jAtI thii| manonukUla uttama bhojana ko pAkara bhI jaba maraNArthI usako grahaNa nahIM karatA taba taka usakI agRdhnutA samajhalI jAtI thii| isa para eka choTA udAharaNa diyA gayA hai kisI samaya eka AcArya ke pAsa bhakta parikSArthI ziSya AyA aura usane kahA, "maiM bhakta pratyAkhyAna karanA cAhatA huuN|" taba AcArya ne pUchA-" tumane saMlekhanA kI hai yA nahIM !" ziSya ko AcArya kI bAta se vicAra huaa| usane socA merA zarIra haDDI kA paMjara sA ho cukA hai, lohU-mAMsa kA kahIM nAma bhI nahIM, phira bhI gurujI pUchate haiM ki saMlekhanA kI yA nahIM ! roSa meM Akara usane apanI aMgulI tor3a DAlI aura bolA-" mahArAja ! dekho rakta kI eka bUMda bhI nahIM hai, kyA aba bhI saMlekhanA bAkI hai !" gurujIne kahA-" vatsa ! yaha to dravya saMlekhanA kA rUpa hai jo tere zarIra se pratyakSa dikhatA hai, kintu abhI bhAva saMlekhanA karanI hai, kaSAya ke vikAroM ko sukhAnA hai| isIliye maine pUchA thA ki saMlekhanA kI yA nhiiN| jAo, abhI bhAva saMlekhanA kro| phira bhakta paJcakkhANa saMthArA prApta hogA / vya. bhA. 450 / isa prakAra dravya-bhAva-saMlekhanApUrvaka kiyA gayA maraNa hI paMDitamaraNa hai| maraNAntika kaSTa, AghAta-pratyAghAta vA AtaMka se nikaTa bhaviSya meM hI deha chUTane vAlA ho vaisI sthiti meM dravya saMlekhanA kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI / usa samaya AlocanApUrvaka Atmazuddhi kI jAtI hai aura vicAra evaM AcAra kI pUrNa zuddhi ke sAtha sarvathA pApoM ke tyAga kara liye jAte haiN|
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________________ bhArata kI ahiMsA saMskRti jayabhagavAna jaina ahiMsA kI anAdi paramparA prAcIna kAla se lekara Ajataka bhAratIya janatA kA yadi koI eka dharma rahA hai jisane isake AcAra aura vicAra meM taraha 2 ke meda-pramedoM ke hote hue bhI bhArata kI sabhyatA ko eka sUtra meM bAMdha kara rakhA hai to vaha ahiMsA dharma hai| yaha bAta una saba hI paurANika AkhyAnoM tathA aitihAsika vRttAntoM se siddha hai jo anuzrutiyoM va sAhitya dvArA hama taka pahuMce haiN| bRhadAraNyaka upaniSat 5.2. 3. meM Adi prajApati kI dharmadezanA kI eka kathA dI huI hai| isameM batalAyA gayA hai ki deva, asura aura manuSyajana tInoM prajAyeM ikaTThI ho kara dharma sunane ke liye prajApati ke pAsa giiN| una tInoM ko prajApatine jisa dharma kA upadeza diyA vaha tIna akSaroM meM samAyA huA hai-da. da. da / ye tIna akSara dayA, dAna aura damana zabdoM kA saMketa haiM / isa taraha ina tIna akSaroM dvArA prajApatine Arya, asura aura manuSyajana ko dharma kA sAra batAte hue sUcita kiyA thA ki lokazAnti aura sukhaprApti ke liye sabhI kA sanAtana aura purAtana dharma dayA, dAna aura damana( saMyama ) hai| chAndogya upaniSat meM isI brahmavidyA kA sAra batAte hue jisakA upadeza brahmAne prajApati ko, prajApatine manu ko aura manune samasta prajA ko diyA, kahA gayA hai-jijJAsu ko cAhiye ki jaba vaha AcAryakula se veda par3ha kara yathAvidhi guru kI sevA karake parivAra meM lauTe to vaha pavitra sthAna meM baiTha kara svAdhyAya kare / anya logoM ko dharma kA upadeza dete hue unheM dhArmika banAve, apanI saba indriyoM ko vaza meM rakhe, saba jIvoM ke sAtha ahiMsA kA vartAva kare / jo jIvanaparyanta isa prakAra vartatA hai vaha nizcayapUrvaka marane ke bAda brahmadhAma ko prApta hotA hai / jahAM se lauTa kara vaha phira kabhI saMsAra meM nahIM AtA / jitanI bhI pAparahita ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya, aparigraha Adi kriyAeM haiM unhIM kA sevana manuSya ko karanA cAhiye / unake atirikta anya kriyAoM kA sevana na karanA caahiye| 1. chAndogya upaniSat 8. 15. 2. yAnyanavadyAni karmANi tAni sevitavyAni mo itarANi // taittirIyaupaniSat 1. 11. 2. (39)
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________________ saMskRti bhArata kI ahiMsA saMskRti / 299 Adi prajApatine saMkSepa meM jisa uparokta dharmamArga kA digdarzana karAyA thA, bhArata ke samagra santa usIkA anukaraNa karate cale Aye haiM aura usIkI saba ko dezanA dete cale Aye haiN| isa tathya kI jAnakArI ke liye nimna udAharaNoM kA adhyayana karanA upayogI hogaa| isa sambandha meM bhagavAn ariSTanemi ke samakAlIna aMgirARSi ke jina upadezoM kA ullekha vaidika sAhitya meM milatA hai vaha khAsa taura para adhyayana karane yogya hai / (1) yaha aMgirARSi eka aitihAsika mahAtmA haiN| yaha kaurava-pANDava kAla meM bhAratabhUmi ko zobhita kara rahe the| ye kSatriyavaMzI the-kyoMki manusmRti 3. 195-199 meM pitaragaNoM kA varNana karate hue kahA gayA hai ki aMgirA kA putra havirbhuja kSatriyoM kA pitA hai / zramaNa saMskRti ke anuyAyI anya prasiddha kSatriyoM ke samAna yaha eka bhikSAcArI tapasvI sAdhu the| Rgveda ke 10 veM maNDala kA 117 vAM sUkta jisameM dAna kI mahimA kA bakhAna kiyA gayA hai, inhIM kI kRti hai / isa sUkta ke Upara diye hue vivaraNa meM isake nirmAtA aMgirARSi ko bhikSu kahA gayA hai| isa dAnasUta meM kahA hai-jaise rathacakra Upara nIce ghUmatA rahatA hai usI taraha dhana bhI kabhI sthira nahIM rhtaa| yAcaka ko avazya dhana-dAna denA cAhie / jo vinA dAna diye kevala Apa hI khAtA hai vaha kevala pApa hI khAtA hai / " kevalAyo bhavati kevalAdI" yaha RSi hI yA inake vaMzaja atharvavedIya muNDaka upaniSat kA praNetA pratIta hote haiN| inake sambandha meM chAndogya upaniSat 3. 17. meM batAyA gayA hai ki ye devakI putra zrIkRSNa ke AdhyAtmika guru the| zrIkRSNa ko bhautika yajJoM kI jagaha usa AdhyA. smika yajJa kI dIkSA dI thI jisakI dIkSA indriyasaMpama, pApaviratirUpa bratoM se hotI hai aura jisakI dakSiNA tapazcaryA, dAna, Arjava (saralatA), ahiMsA aura satyavAditA hai| isa yajJa ke karane se manuSya kA punarjanma chUTa jAtA hai| usakA saMsAraparibhramaNa khatma ho jAtA hai| mauta kA sadA ke lie anta ho jAtA hai / isake alAvA isa RSine zrIkRSNa ko yaha bhI upadeza diyA thA ki marate samaya manuSya ko tIna dhAraNAyeM dhAraNa karanI cAhieM akSitamasi, acyutamasi, prANasaMzitamasi / arthAt he Atman ! tU avinAzI hai / tU sanAtana hai| tU amara cetana hai| isa upadeza ko sunakara zrIkRSNa kA hRdaya gadgad ho uThA thaa| isI prakAra mahAbhAratakArane anuzAsanaparva a. 106, 107 meM aMgirARSi kI dI huI ahiMsA, dAna, brahmacarya, vrata, upavAsa sambandhI jina zikSAoM kA ullekha kiyA hai ve Upara batalAI huI zikSAoM se bahuta milatI julatI haiN| isase pramANita hotA hai ki mahAbhArata
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________________ 300 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura uddhRta aMza meM kaurava-pANDavakAlIna bhAratIya saMskRti kA kAphI Aloka hai / yaha vahI yuga hai jabaki raivataka parvata (saurASTra deza kA giranAra parvata) ke vikhyAta santa ariSTanemi apane tapa, tyAga aura vizvavyApI premadvArA bhArata kI ahiMsAmayI saMskRti ko deza-videzoM meM saba ora phailA rahe the / (2) isa hI kaurava-pANDavakAla ke dUsare prasiddha santa vidura huye haiM / ve mahAbhArata strIparva adhyAya 7 meM dhRtarASTra ko yoM upadeza dete haiM damastyAgo'pramAdazca te trayo brahmaNo hyaaH| zIlarazmisamAyuktaH sthito yo mAnase rathe / tyaktvA mRtyubhayaM rAjan ! brahmalokaM sa gacchati // mahAbhArata strIparva 7. 23-25 arthAt dama, dAna aura apramAda hI AtmA ke tIna ghor3e haiN| jo ina ghor3oM se yukta manarUpI ratha para savAra hokara sadAcAra kI bAgaDora saMbhAlatA hai vaha mauta ke bhaya ko chor3akara brahmaloka meM pahuMca jAtA hai| (3 ) Aja se 2800 varSa pUrva bhagavAn pArzvanAthane jinakA janmasthAna vArANasI aura nirvANasthAna bihAra-prAnta ke jillA hajArAsthita sammetazikhara hai, batalAyA thA kiahiMsA jIvana kA svabhAva hai, ahiMsA hI jIvanaloka kA AdhAra hai, ahiMsA hI mAnava dharma hai, ahiMsA mAnava kI zreSThatA hai, ahiMsA se hI manuSya mokSa kA adhikArI banatA hai / bhagavAn pArzvanAthane ahiMsA ke sAtha satya, aparigraha aura acaurya dharmoM ko bhI zAmila karake caturyAma yA catuSpAd dharma kI pravRtti sarvasAdhAraNa meM phailAI thI' / (4) isI prakAra Aja se koI 2500 varSa pUrva bhArata ke antima tIrthaMkara mahAvIrane kahA thA dhammo maGgalamukkiTTha, ahiMsA saJjamo tvo| devA vi taM namasaMti, jassa dhamme sayA maNo / dazavaikAlikasUtra 1-6 arthAt ahiMsA ( dayA ), saMyama ( damana ), taparUpa dharma hI utkRSTa maGgala hai| jo isa dharmamArga para calate haiM, devaloka bhI unheM namaskAra karate haiM / IsA kI dUsarI sadI ke mahAn AcArya samantabhadra bhagavAn mahAvIra kI divyavANI kA saMkSepa meM yoM vyAkhyAna karate haiM 1 (a) sthAnAMgasUtra kramAMka 266. (A) uttarAdhyayanasUtra 23. 8-27 // (i) vyAkhyAprazapti 20. 8. (I) mUlAcAra // 7. 125-129 // 34.
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________________ saMskRti bhArata kI ahiMsA saMskRti / dayAdamatyAgasamAdhiniSThaM nayapramANaprakRtAjasArtham / yuktyanuzAsana // 6 // arthAt he mahAvIra bhagavAn ! ApakA dharmamArga dayA, dama, tyAga (dAna) aura samAdhi ( AtmadhyAnarUpa tapazcaryA) ina cAra tattvoM meM samAyA huA hai| aura nayapramANa dvArA vastusAra ko darzAnevAlA hai| (5) bhagavAn mahAvIra ke samakAlIna mahAtmA buddhane bhI duHkhanirodhArtha jisa aSTAhika dharmamArga kA upadeza diyA hai usameM ahiMsA, mana, vacana, kAya kA niyantraNa aura samasta kAyopabhogoM kI icchAoM va pApakRtyoM ke tyAga para vizeSa bala diyA hai / dhammapada, daNDavaggo meM kahA gayA hai save tasanti daNDassa save mAyanti mccuno| attAnaM upamaM katvA na haneyya na ghAtaye // 1 // arthAt-sabhI daNDa se Darate haiN| sabhI mRtyu se bhayabhIta haiM / ataH sabhI ko apane jaisA samajha na kisIko mAre na maravAye / (6) maharSi pataJjaline bhAratIya yogiyoM ke gUr3ha anubhavoM tathA unakI zikSA, dIkSA evaM jIvacaryA ke aSTAMgika yogamArga kA sAra batAte hue apane yogadarzana meM kahA hai ahiMsAsatyAste yabrahmacaryAparigrahA yamAH // yoga0 2, 30 ahiMsApratiSThAyAM tatsaMnidhau vairatyAgaH // yoga0 2, 35 arthAt jIvanavikAsa aura loka-zAnti-samRddhi ke lie, abhyudaya aura niHzreyasa siddhi ke lie manuSya ko ucita hai ki vaha ahiMsA, satya, acaurya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha dvArA sadA apane jIvana kA niyantraNa kre| jisa ke prANoM meM ahiMsA kI pratiSThA ho jAtI hai usake saMparka meM AnevAle sabhI jana aura jantu vaira tyAga kara mitratA kA vyavahAra karane lagate haiN| (7) Adi brahmA (vRSabha) kA dharma anuzAsana jo paNi logoM dvArA prAcIna kAla meM madhya eziyAI dezoM meM bhI phailA thA usakI bahuta sI anuzrutiyAM bAibila kI purAnI dharmapustaka ke GENESIS prakaraNa aura EXODUS prakaraNa meM surakSita haiN| EXODUS ke adhyAya 20 meM gaoNDa ( God ) ne manuSyoM ke lie jina 10 dharmoM kA Adeza diyA hai unameM ahiMsA, acaurya, satya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha kA bhI Adeza zAmila hai| 1. 13. Thou shalt not kill. 14. Thow shalt not commit Adultery. 15. Thou shalt not steal. 16. Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbour. 17. Thou shalt not covet.
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________________ 302 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-praya darzana aura hiMsAmayI yajJaprathA kA Arambha tretAyugameM isa taraha bhArata kI sabhI paurANika anuzrutiyoM se vidita hai ki AdikAla se bhArata kA maulika dharma ahiMsA, tapa, tyAga aura saMyama rahA hai / homa-havana Adi yAjJika pazubali, naramedha, azvamedha Adi hiMsaka vidhAna saba pIche kI prathAeM haiM, jo tretAyuga meM bAhara se Akara bhArata ke jIvana meM dAkhila huI haiM aura dvApara ke Arambha meM yahAM kI ahiMsAmayI adhyAtma-saMskRti ke saMparka se sadA ke lie vilupta ho gii| (1) isa viSaya meM manusmRtikAra kA mata hai tapaH paraM kRtayuge tretAyAM jJAnamucyate / dvApare yajJamevAhu-nimekaM kalau yuge // manu0 1, 86 arthAt satayuga kA dharma tapa hai / tretAyuga kA dharma jJAna hai / dvApara kA dharma yajJa hai / aura kaliyuga meM akelA dAna hI dharma hai // (2) viSNupurANa 6. 2, 17 meM kahA hai dhyAyan kRte yajan yatretAyAM dvApare'rcayan / yadApnoti tadApnoti kalau saMkIrtya kezavam / / arthAt satayuga meM dhyAna se, tretA meM yajJAnuSThAna se aura dvApara meM pUjA-arcanA se manuSya jo kucha prApta kara letA hai vaha kaliyuga meM zrIkezava kA nAmasaMkIrtana karane se hI pA letA hai| (3) bArhaspatya arthazAstra 3. 141-147 meM bhI kahA gayA hai kRtayuga meM jJAna, tretAyuga meM karma, (yAjJika karma) dvApara meM tAntrikakarma, tiSya (kaliyuga) ke prathama pAda meM jJAna aura karma arthAt zramaNa aura yAjJika saMskRtiyAM, pichale pAda meM vibhinna dharma, varNa tathA vezavAle manuSya hote haiN| (4) mahAbhArata zAntiparva a. 231, 21-26. a. 238, 101. a. 244, 14 meM kahA hai-satayuga meM yajJa karane kI AvazyakatA na thii| tretA meM yajJa kA vidhAna huA / dvApara meM usakA nAza hone lagA aura kaliyuga meM usakA nAmanizAna bhI na rhegaa| (5) isI prakAra muNDaka upaniSat meM kahA hai(ka) tadetatsatyaM mantreSu karmANi kavayo yAnyapazyaMtAni tretAyAM bahudhA saMtatAni / tAnyAcarata niyataM satyakAmA eSa vaH panthAH sukRtasya loke // 1. 2. 1 (kha) plavA ghete adRDhA yajJarUpA aSTAdazoktamavaraM yeSu karma / etacchreyo ye'bhinandanti mUDhA jarAmRtyuM punarevApi yanti // 1. 2. 5
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________________ saMskRti bhArata kI ahiMsA saMskRti / (ga) iSTApUrta manyamAnA variSThaM nAnyacchreyo vedayante pramUDhAH / nAkasya pRSThe te sukRte'nubhUtvemaM lokaM hInataraM vA vizanti // 1.2.10 303 arthAt vaidika mantroM meM jina yAjJika karmoM kA vidhAna hai ve niHsaMdeha tretAyuga meM hI bahudhA phaladAyaka hote haiM / unheM karane se puNyaloka kI prApti hotI hai| inase mokSa kI siddhi nahIM hotI; kyoMki ye yajJarUpI naukAeM jina meM aDhArai prakAra ke karma jur3e hue haiM, saMsArasAgara se pAra karane ke lie asamartha haiN| jo nAsamajha loga ina yAjJika karmoM ko kalyANakArI samajhakara inakI prazaMsA karate haiM unheM punaH jarA aura mRtyu ke cakkara meM par3anA par3atA hai / jo mUDhajana yajJayAjana ko aura pUrva arthAt kUpa, bAvar3I Adi banavAne ko sarvottama mAnate haiM, kalyANamArga isase bhinna nahIM jAnate, ve svargoM ke puNyaphala bhoga kara punaH isI hInatara duHkhamaya loka ko prApta hote haiM / ( 6 ) a. 9.20, 21 meM bhI kahA hai vidhA mAM somapAH pUtapApA yajJairiSTrA svargatiM prArthayante / te puNyamAsAdya surendralokamananti divyAn divi devabhogAn // te taM bhuktvA svargalokaM vizAlaM kSINe puNye martyalokaM vizanti / evaM trayIdharmamanuprapannA gatAgataM kAmakAmA labhante // arthAt jo ( traividha) tInoM vedoM ke karma karanevAle, soma pInevAle puruSa yajJa se svargaloka prApti kI icchA karate haiM ve indra ke puNyaloka meM pahuMca kara aneka divya bhoga bhogate haiM aura usa vizAla svargaloka kA upabhoga kara ke puNya kA kSaya ho jAne para ve phira mRtyu - loka meM Ate haiM / ( 7 ) mahAbhArata zAntiparva a. 241 meM zukadevane karma aura jJAna kA svarUpa pUchate hue vyAsajI se prazna kiyA hai - pitAjI ! veda meM jJAnavAn ke lie karmoM kA tyAga aura karma - niSTha ke lie karmoM kA karanA ye do vidhAna haiM; kintu karma aura jJAna ye donoM eka dUsare ke pratikUla haiM; ata eva maiM jAnanA cAhatA hUM ki karma karane se manuSyoM ko kyA phala milatA hai aura jJAna ke prabhAva se kaunasI gati milatI hai ? vyAsajIne ukta prazna kA uttara dete hue kahA hai - veda meM pravRtti aura nivRtti do prakAra ke dharma batalAye gaye haiM / karma ke prabhAva se jIva saMsAra ke bandhana meM baMdhA rahatA hai aura jJAna ke prabhAva se mukta ho jAtA hai| isI se pAradarzI saMnyAsI loga karma nahIM karate / karma karane se jIva phira janma letA haiM / kintu jJAna ke prabhAva se nitya - avyakta-avyaya paramAtmA ko prApta ho jAtA hai| mUDha loga karma kI
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________________ 304 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura prazaMsA karate haiM / isI se unheM bAra 2 zarIra dhAraNa karanA par3atA hai| jo manuSya sarvazreSTha jJAna prApta kara letA hai aura jo karma ko bhalI bhA~ti samajha letA hai vaha jaise nadI ke kinAre vAlA manuSya kUoM kA Adara nahIM karatA vaise hI jJAnIjana karma kI prazaMsA nahIM krte| tretA zabda ke prayoga se bhI yaha spaSTa pratIta hotA hai ki usa yuga meM tIna vidyAeM (Rk, yajuH, sAma ) tathA tIna agniyAM ( AhavanIya, gArhapatya, dakSiNa ) vizeSa rUpa se pracalita ho gaI thiiN| dekhiye manu. a. 2. zloka 231 / isase pUrva kA yuga satayuga athavA kRtayuga isI lie kahalAyA hai ki usameM satya arthAt mokSamArga kI aura kRta arthAt karmaphalavAda kI pradhAnatA thii| prAcIna mokSamArga kA hI dUsarA nAma adhvara yajJa hai: vaidika AryoM ke Agamana se pUrva bhArata ke yatijana jisa mokSamArga kA anusaraNa karake AtmasAdhanA karate the usakA rUpa aura uddeza tretAyuga meM Arambha honevAle Adhidaivika yajJoM se vilakSaNa prakAra kA thA / usameM bAhya anuSThAna kI jagaha AtmasAdhanA, kriyAkANDa kI jagaha karmanirodha, pazubali kI jagaha pAzavika vAsanAoM kI bali, agni kI jagaha parISaha sahana, vedi kI jagaha AtmasamAdhi mukhya tattva the / isI liye tatkAlIna Adhidaivika yajJoM se pRthak karane ke lie isa yajJa kA nAma vaidika RSiyoMne adhvara arthAt ahiMsAtmaka yajJa prasiddha kiyA / isI Azaya ko lekara niruktakAra yAska munine adhvara zabda kI vyutpatti karate hue kahA hai-adhvara iti yajJanAma, dhvaratihiMsAkarmA ttprtissedhH| (nirukta 1. 8) isa adhvara yajJa kA vizeSa sambandha Adi prajApati ke usa tapa, tyAga, ahiMsAmaya mokSamArga se hai jisa para cala kara isa kalpa ke Adi meM usane saba se pahale AtmapUrNatA kI siddhi kI thii| isI bhAva ko lekara ' adhvara' zabda vaidika zrutiyoM meM agni ( agraNi), jyeSTha, brahmA, RSabha, anaDavAnna, pazupati, bhUtapati, gopati, gora, gaoNDa (GOD ) asura, asurIza, asuramahata, ISa, maheza, mahezI Adi aneka nAmoM se vikhyAta prajApati kI ahiMsAmaya sAdhanA ke artha meM prayukta huA hai| bhArata kI ahiMsAmayI saMskRtine sadA hiMsA para vijaya pAI: prAcIna paurANika AkhyAnoM se yaha bhI spaSTa hai ki jaba kabhI videzI AgantukoM kI sabhyatA va apanI hI duSpravRttiyoM ke kAraNa bhArata ke saptasindhu deza, kurukSetra, zaurasena, 1 " agne yaM yajJamadhvaraM vizvataH paribhUrasi" -Rga 1. 1. 4. (A) agniryajJasyAdhvarasya cetati -aga* 1. 128. 4.
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________________ saMskRti bhArata kI ahiMsA saMskRti / madhyadeza va dakSiNa meM devapUjA, udarapUrti va manovinoda Adi ke lie pazubali, mAMsAhAra Adi hiMsaka pravRttiyoMne jora pakar3A, tabhI bhArata kI antarAtmAne usa kA ghora virodha kiyA aura jaba taka ina hiMsAmaya vyasanoM kA usane apane sAmAjika jIvana meM se pUrNatayA bahiSkAra nahIM kara diyA usako zAnti prApta nahIM huI / isI liye bhArata kA maulika dharma ahiMsA dharma kahA jAya to isameM tanika bhI atizayokti nahIM hai| isa aitihAsika tathya kI jAnakArI ke liye bhAratIya janatA kI pravRttiyoM tathA pratikriyAoM ke ATha prasiddha AkhyAna yahAM diye jAte haiM 1. himAcaladeza sambandhI dakSa aura mahAdeva kI kathA / 2. kurukSetra sambandhI paNi aura indra kI kathA / 3. indra kI brahmahatyA se mukti kI kathA / 4. pAzcAladeza sambandhI rAjA vasu aura parvata kI kathA / 5. zaurasena deza sambandhI kRSNa aura indra kI kathA / 6. vena kI kthaa| 7. kapila RSi aura nahuSa kI kthaa| 8. buddha bhagavAn aura varSA RtucaryA kI kathA / himAcala sambandhI dakSa aura mahAdeva kI kathA: mahAbhArata ke zAntiparva a. 284 meM dI huI dakSa rAjA kI kathA meM batalAyA gayA hai ki eka samaya pracetA ke putra dakSane himAlaya ke samIpa gaGgAdvAra meM azvamedha yajJa Arambha kiyA / usa yajJa meM deva, dAnava, nAga, rAkSasa, pizAca, gandharva, RSi, siddhagaNa sabhI saMmilita hue / itane bar3e samAgama ko dekhakara mahAtmA dadhIci bahuta kupita hue aura kahane lage ki jisa yajJa meM mahAdeva kI pUjA nahIM kI jAtI vaha na to yajJa hai aura na dharma hI hai| hAya ! kAla kI gati kaisI bigar3I hai ki tuma loga ina pazuoM ko bAMdhane aura mArane ke lie utsava manA rahe ho / moha ke kAraNa tuma nahIM jAnate ki isa yajJa se tumhArA ghora vinAza hogA / usake bAda mahAyogI dadhIcine dhyAna dvArA nAradasahita mahAdeva pArvatI ko dekhA aura bahuta santuSTa hue| phira yaha socakara ki ina logoMne ekamata ho kara mahAdeva ko nimantraNa nahIM diyA hai, ve yaha kahate hue yajJabhUmi se cala diye ki apUjya devoM kI pUjA se aura pUjya devoM kI pUjA na karane se manuSya ko narahatyA kA pApa lagatA hai| yahAM pazupati, jagat kA kartA, yajJa kA bhoktA mahAdeva AyA huA hai, kyA tuma loga use nahI dekha rahe
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________________ 306 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura ho ! dakSane kahA-maharSe ! jaTAjUTadhArI zulapANi 11 rudra isa loka meM haiM; parantu una meM mahAdeva kauna haiM ! yaha mujhe mAlUma nahIM hai| dadhIcine kahA-tuma sabane SaDyantra kara ke mahAdeva ko nimantraNa nahIM diyA hai, kiMtu merI samajha meM mahAdeva ke samAna dUsarA zreSTha devatA aura nahIM hai; isa liye niHsandeha tumhArA yajJa naSTa hogaa| isa para dakSane kahA ki-yajJoM dvArA pavitra kiyA huA yaha havi rakhA huA hai / maiM isa yajJabhAga se viSNu ko santuSTa kruuNgaa| yaha bAta pArvatI ke mana ko na bhAI / taba mahAdevane kahA-sundari ! maiM saba yajJoM kA Iza huuN| dhyAnahIna durjana mujhe nahIM jaante| taba mahAdevane apane mukha se vIrabhadra nAmaka bhayaMkara puruSa utpanna kiyA jisane bhadrakAlI aura bhUtagaNa ke sAtha mila kara dakSa ke yajJa kA vidhvaMsa kara diyaa| jaba prajApati dakSane vIrabhadra se pUchA-bhagavan ! Apa kauna haiM ! vIrabhadrane uttara diyAbrahman ! na to maiM rudra hUM aura na devI pArvatI / maiM vIrabhadra hUM aura yaha strI bhadrakAlI hai / rudrakI AjJA se yajJa kA nAza karane ke lie hama Aye haiN| tuma unhIM umApati mahAdeva kI zaraNa meM jaao| yaha sunakara dakSa mahAdeva ko praNAma kara unakI stuti karane lgaa| yahI kathA kucha bhinna DhaMga se gopathabrAhmaNa uttarakANDa 1.2 meM varNita hai / jisa kA bhAvArtha nimna prakAra hai prajApatine rudra ko yajJa se bhAgarahita kara diyA / usane (rudrane ) socA ki merA yaha saMkalpa aura samRddhi prajApati ke liye hai jisane mujhe yajJa se bAhara nikaalaa| taba usane yajJa ko pakar3a kara cheda kara diyA aura chide hue ko kATa DAlA / vaha prAzinna (khAne yogya anna ) bana gayA / usa prAzinna ko dekhane aura khAne se bhaga savitA Adi ke aGga Adi TUTa pdd'e| yahI kathA kUrma purANa pUrvabhAga adhyAya 15.8 meM tathA skandapurANa mAhezvarakhaNDa kedArakhaNDa adhyAya 2 se 5 taka isa prakAra dI gaI hai-jaba yakSadvArA gaMgAdvAra meM saMpAdana kiyA huA hiMsAtmaka azvamedha yajJa bhagavAn zaMkara ke anucara vIrabhadra dvArA vidhvasta kara diyA gayA aura dakSa va devatAoM ko mAra diyA gayA taba bhagavAn zaMkara brahmA dvArA stuti kI jAne para svayaM haridvAra Aye / vahAM unhoMne dakSa ko punarujjIvita kiyA aura dakSa dvArA stuti kI jAne para use yaha upadeza diyA-he surazreSTha ! cAra prakAra ke puNyAtmA jana sadA merA bhajana karate haiMArta, jijJAsu, arthArthI aura jJAnI / ina saba meM jJAnI hI zreSTha hai / isa lie samasta jJAnI puruSa mujhe vizeSa priya haiM / jo jJAna ke vinA hI mujhe pAne kA yatna karate haiM ve ajJAnI haiN| tuma kevala yajJAdi karmadvArA saMsArasAgara ke pAra jAnA cAhate ho; parantu karma meM Asaka hue
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________________ 307 saMskRti bhArata kI ahiMsA saMskRti / mUDha jana veda, yajJa, dAna, tapasyA se bhI mujhe kabhI nahIM prApta kara sakate / ata eva tuma antaHkaraNa ko ekAgra kara ke jJAnaniSTha ho kara karma kro| sukha aura duHkha meM samAnabhAva rakhakara sadA prasanna raho // ___isa kathA kA aitihAsika tathya yahI hai ki saptasindhudeza ke mUlanivAsiyoM kI bhAMti himAcala pradeza ke bhUta, yakSa, gandharva loga bhI vaidika AryoM ke devatAvAda aura unake hiMsAmaya yajJoM ke virodhI the| jaba vaidika Aryajana kI eka zAkhAne dakSa ke netRtva meM gaMgAdvAra ke rAste ilAvRta arthAt madhyahimAcala pradeza meM praveza kiyA aura ina yakSa, gandharSoM ke mAnanIya dharmatIthoM-badarInAtha, kedAranAtha, haridvAra Adi sthAnoM meM apanI paramparA ke anusAra hiMsAmaya yajJoM kA anuSThAna kiyA to vahAM ke bhUta, yakSa, gandharva loga unake virodha para utArU ho gaye aura isa virodha ke kAraNa ve nirantara AryajanoM ke yajJayAgoM ko naSTa karane lge| yaha sAMskRtika saMgharSa usa samaya jAkara zAnta huA jaba vaidika AryoMne ina ke ArAdhya deva mahAyogI ziva ko aura ina ke tapa, tyAga, dhyAna aura ahiMsAmaya adhyAtmamArga ko apanA liyaa| saptasindhudeza aura kurukSetra ke Aryajana ___ isI taraha AryagaNa kI dUsarI zAkhA jo uttarapazcima ke dvAroM se saptasindhudeza meM dAkhila huI vaha dhIre 2 saptasindhudeza meM se hotI huI isake antima chora kurukSetra meM jA pahuMcI / yaha kurukSetra usa samaya sarasvatI aura dRSadvatI nAmavAlI do cAla nadiyoM ke saMgama para sthita thA / yahAM kA jalavAyu bahuta sundara thA / pazupAlana ke liye harA 2 ghAsa aura jala jagaha 2 kAphI mAtrA meM milatA thA / yajJa yAga karane kI bhI saba suvidhAyeM yahAM prApta thIM / AryagaNa kI bhAratIya yAtrA meM kurukSetra hI vaha pramukha deza hai, jahAM unheM kauravavaMza kI saMrakSakatA meM vizeSatayA parIkSita aura janamejaya ke zAsanakAla meM vighnabAdhArahita dIrghakAla taka ArAma se raha kara apanI saMskRti ko vikasita karane, bar3hAne aura saMghaTita karane kA suavasara prApta huA thA, isa lie svabhAvataH yaha deza cirakAlataka AryasaMskRti kA mahAkendra banA rahA hai / yaha zreya kurukSetra ko hI prApta hai ki vaidika AryajAti kI sumera deza se cala kara bhArata taka Ane kI lambI yAtrA meM jina rASTrIya ghaTanAoM se vAstA par3A hai unakI anuzrutiyoM aura saMsmRtiyoM, bhAvanAoM aura kalpanAoM ko jo sUktoM (gItoM ) ke rUpa meM paramparAgata calI A rahI thIM, cAra vaidika saMhitAoM ke vyavasthita rUpa meM yahAM saMkalana kiyA gayA / ina sUktoM aura ina meM varNita devatAoM kI saMtuSTi ke liye kiye jAnevAle yAjJika anuSThAnoM kI paurANika vyAkhyAyeM jo brAhmaNagranthoM meM milatI haiM unakA saMgraha bhI prAyaH isI deza meM huA hai aura yahAM hI saba se pahale bar3e 2 yajJa-satroM kA sampAdana zurU huA hai /
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________________ 308 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura zatapatha brAhmaNa 14. 1. 1-5 meM kahA gayA hai ki devoMne saba se pahale kurukSetra meM hI yajJa kiyA / mahAbhArata zalyaparva adhyAya 41. 29-30 meM kahA gayA hai ki indra ke guru bRhaspatine kurukSetra meM hI devatAoM ke abhyudaya aura dasyuoM ke nAza ke liye pazuyajJa kiye the| - ina tamAma vizeSatAoM ke kAraNa AryajAti ke bhAratIya itihAsa meM jo mahattA kurukSetra ko dI gaI hai vaha bhArata ke anya purAne prasiddha tIrthasthAnoM meM se kisI ko bhI nahIM dI gaI / isI mahattva ke kAraNa yaha sthAna vaidika sAhitya meM ' devAnAM devayajanam ' prajApativedI, brahmakSetra, dharmakSetre, bramAvarta' Adi gauravapUrNa nAmoM se pukArA gayA hai| sarasvatI nadI ke pradeza kI isa sAMskRtika mahattA ke kAraNa hI vaidika vidyA kA apara nAma 'sarasvatI' prasiddha huA hai / vaidika paribhASA meM brahma kA vAstavika artha mantra hai aura mantra ko jAnane vAlA brAhmaNa kahalAtA hai isa lie isa deza ko jahAM mantroM kA saMhitArUpa meM saMkalana huA, brahmakSetra va brahmAvarta kahA jAnA sArthaka hI hai| kyoMki Aryajana apane ko deva aura apane nivAsadezoM ko svarga nAma se pukArate the ataH usa jamAne meM saptasindhudeza kA yaha antima chora svarga kA antima bhAga kahalAtA thaa| isa kurukSetra meM AbAda ho kara devajana kAphI samaya taka apanI sabhyatA kA vikAsa karate rhe| yahAM ve bahuta se AdivAsI nAgajAti ke vidvAnoM va rAjadharAnoM ke vyaktiyoM ko bhI apanI sabhyatA ke anuyAyI banAne meM saphala hue| inameM se kaIne to mantroM kI racanA meM kAvyakuzalatA ke kAraNa brAhmaNoM meM itanI khyAti prApta kI ki vijAtIya hote hue bhI unheM RSizreNi meM saMmilita kiyA gayA aura unakI racanAoM ko vaidika saMhitAoM meM sthAna diyA gayA / Rgveda ke 10 ve maNDala ke 94 veM sUkta ke racayitA kadrU ke putra nAgavaMzI arbuda the / 76 ve sUkta ke racayitA nAgajAtIya irAvat ke putra jaratkarNa the| 186 veM sUkta kI racayitrI sarvarAjJI thii| yaha saba kucha hote hue bhI apane jAtIya garva aura apane sapheda sundara varNa va rakta kI zuddhi ko banAye rakhane ke khyAla se ve na to yahAM kI Ama janatA meM apanI saMskRti ko phailA sake aura na roTI-beTI ke sambandha kAyama karake unheM apane 1. devA havai satraM niSeduH |...tessaaN kurukSetra devayajanamAsa / tasmAdAhuH kurukSetraM devAnAM devayajanamiti / zatapatha 14. 1. 1-5 / / 2. tANDyabrAhmaga 25. 13. 3 / 3. aitareyabrAhmaNa 7. 19 / 4. bhagavadgItA 1.1 / 5. manusmRti 2.17, 18 / mahAbhArata bhISmaparva a. 9 / i.imA gAvaH sarame yA aicchaH paridevo antAn subhage ptntii| R. 10, 108. 5
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________________ saMskRti bhArata kI ahiMsA saMskRti / meM milA sake / isa liye jaisA ki atharvaveda ke samaya Aryajana ke base rahane ke bAda bhI ina dezoM ke ko mAnanevAle bane rahe / ko alaga aura mahAn banAye ke AdhAra para cAra bhAgoM meM vibhakta karane para majabUra kiyA / 309. pRthivIsUkta se jAhira haiM, itane lambe loga anya bhASAoM aura anya dharmoM itanA hI nahIM, balki yahAM kI sAdhAraNa janatA se apane rakhane kI bhAvanAne inheM yahAM ke mAnavasamAja ko varNavyavasthA isa kalpanAne dhIre 2 ghara karate hue brAhmaNoM ko isa samAjarUpI virAT puruSa kA mukha, rAjakarmacAriyoM ko isake bAhU, sarvasAdhAraNa madhyamavarga ke logoM ko isakA peTa aura zramajIvI cUDa logoM ko isa ke paira banA diyA / inakI isa bhAvanA kA Aloka Rgveda 10. 90 ke puruSasUkta se sApha milatA hai / isa bhAvanA ke kAraNa yadyapi ye apanI varNazuddhi aura apanI yAjJika saMskRti ko bahuta kucha surakSita rakha sake, parantu isa bhAvanA se yahAM ke logoM meM jo pRthakkaraNa aura dAsatva kI lahara paidA huI vaha Aryajana aura deza ke . liye Age cala kara bahuta hI hAnikAraka siddha huI / pANi aura indra kA AkhyAna - paNipada (pAnIpata), zunIpada (sonIpata) ke nAgajana - isa yuga meM saptasiMdhu ke Aryajana sabhI ora se vijAtIya aura vidharmI logoM se ghire hue the / uttara meM bhUta, pizAca, yakSa, gandharva logoM se, pUrva meM vrAtya logoM se, dakSiNa meM rAkSasa logoM se aura svayaM saptasindhudeza meM paNi, zunI Adi nAga logoM kI vibhinna jAtiyoM se / cUMki ye sabhI loga prAyaH zramaNa saMskRti ke anuyAyI the, tyAgI, tapasvI, jJAnI sAdhusantoM ke upAsaka the, ahiMsA dharma ko mAnanevAle the isa liye ye sadA AryagaNa ke mAnanIya devatAoM aura unake hiMsAmaya yAjJika anuSThAnoM kA virodha karate the aura unake pazuoM ko vidveSavaza badhabandhana se chur3Ane lie chIna kara va curAkara le jAyA karate the / isa sambandha meM kurukSetra kI tAtkAlIna sthiti jAnane ke lie paNi aura indra kA prasiddha AkhyAna jo R. 10. 108 meM diyA huA hai, vizeSa adhyayana karane yogya hai / yaha AkhyAna saptasindhudeza ke tatkAlIna vijAtIya sAMskRtika saMgharSa ko jAnane ke liye itanA hI jarUrI hai jitanA ki dakSiNApatha ke vindhyagirideza meM vidyAdhara rAkSasoM dvArA yAjJikI pazuhiMsA ke viruddha kiye gaye saMgharSa kA patA lagAne ke lie rAmAyaNa kI kathA kA jAnanA jarUrI hai| Rgveda ke uparyukta 10. 108 ke AkhyAna meM batalAyA gayA hai ki paNi logoMne indra ke purohita bRhaspati kI 1. janaM bibhratI bahudhA vivAcasaM naanaadhrmaannm| atharva 12, 1. 45 2. brAhmaNo'sya mukhamAsId bAhU rAjanyaH kRtaH / arU tadasya padvaizcaH padbhyAM zUdro ajAyata / R. 10, 90
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________________ 310 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha darzana aura 1 gauoM ko curAkara sarasvatI, dRSadvatI nadiyoM ke pAra le jAkara balapura kI adri meM chupA diyA / taba indra ko bRhaspati kI zikAyata para ina gauoM kA patA lagAne aura inheM lAne ke liye saramA nAma kI eka strI ko apanI dUtI banAkara paNilogoM ke pAsa bhejA / yaha saramA zunI jAti kI eka anArya strI thI / ye paNa aura zunI jAti ke loga sarasvatI, dRSadvatI nadiyoM ke pAra kurukSetra se dakSiNa kI ora apane janapadoM meM base hue the| paNilogoM kA janaprada paNipada aura zunI jAti kA janapada zunIpada se mazahUra thA / itanA dIrgha samaya bItane para ina janapadoM ke nagara Aja bhI apane sthAna para sthita haiM aura pAnIpata va sonIpata ke nAma se prasiddha haiN| donoM nagara eka dUsare se 25 mIla kI dUrI para kurukSetra aura dehalI ke madhyabhAga meM sthita haiM / balapura jahAM gauoM ko curAkara rakhA gayA thA vaha saMbhavataH pAnIpata tahasIla kA Adhunika balA nAma kA grAma hai| ukta saramAne yadyapi ina paNilogoM ko bRhaspati kI gaueM lauTA dene ke liye bahuta taraha samajhAyA aura unheM indra kA apAra parAkrama tathA usake sainika bala kA bhI Dara dikhAyA. parantu paNilogoMne kucha bhI parvAha nahIM kI aura use yaha kaha kara calatA kara diyA ki indra ke pAsa senA aura Ayudha haiM to hamAre pAsa bhI kAphI saMrakSaka senA aura tIkSNa Ayudha haiM / vinA yuddha kiye ye vApisa nahIM ho sakatIM / isI AkhyAna kI ora saMketa karate Rgveda 1. 11.5. meM kahA hai- he vajrayukta indra ! tumane goharaNakartA bala nAmaka asura kI guhA udghATita kI thI / usa samaya balAsura se pIr3ita devalogoMne nirbhaya hokara tumheM prApta kiyA thA / indra kI brahmahatyA se mukti kI kathA mahAbhArata zAntiparva adhyAya 282 meM kahA hai ki vRtra kA vadha hone para usake zarIra se brahmahatyA nikalI aura usane vRtrahiMsaka indra kA pichA kiyA | isa brahmahatyA ke kAraNa indra kA teja bilakula vinaSTa ho gyaa| isa brahmahatyA ko haTAne ke liye indrane bahuta prayatna kiyA, kintu vaha kisI bhI taraha use dUra na kara skaa| taba vaha pitAmaha brahmAjI ke pAsa jAkara unake caraNoM meM gira par3A / brahmAjIne indra ko brahmahatyA ke doSa se mukta karane ke liye use 4 niyama dilAye / 1 - agni meM pazuoM kI Ahuti na dekara jau tathA auSadhiyoM kI Ahuti denA / 2 - parva ke dinoM meM vRkSa, vanaspati aura ghAsa ko na kATanA / 3 - rajasvalA strI ke sAtha maithuna na karanA / 4 - jala arthAt nadiyoM kA saMmAna karanA / jo koI ina niyamoM kA ullaMghana karegA vaha brahmahatyA kA doSI hogA / isa kathA kA aitihAsika tathya yahI mAlUma hotA hai ki yadyapi vRtra kA vadha hone se indra ke anuyAyI Aryajana kucha samaya ke liye sindhudeza ke vijetA bana gaye, parantu ve isa
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________________ saMskRti bhArata kI ahiMsA saMskRti / deza kI AtmA ko vijaya na kara sake / balki dAsoM aura vrAtyoM kI hatyA ke kAraNa athavA devayajJoM ke lie pazuhiMsA ke kAraNa indra-upAsaka Aryajana saptasindhudeza meM ghRNA kI dRSTi se dekhe jAne lage aura yahAM ke mUlavAsI nAga va dasyuloga inake virodha meM uTha khar3e hue| isase unakI hiMsAmayI yAjJika Adhidaivika saMskRti ko bahuta dhakkA pahuMcA aura vaha prAyaH nisteja ho gii| kyoMki yaha virodha usa samaya taka zAnta na huA jaba taka ki vaidika RSiyoMne ahiMsA dharma ko apanA kara agni meM jau kA homa karanA, parva ke dinoM meM vRkSa aura vanaspati kI rakSA karanA, patnI ke rajasvalA hone para pUrNa brahmacarya kA pAlana karanA aura bhArata kI nadiyoM kA saMmAna karanA na sIkha liyA / Aryajana aura AryAvarta__ isa prakAra ke Aye dina ke nAgoM ke AkramaNoM se parezAna hokara AryagaNa saptasindhu deza ko chor3akara jamanApAra madhyapradeza kI ora bar3ha cale jo Aja uttarapradeza ke nAma se prasiddha hai| cUMki pIche se yaha deza hI Aryajana kI sthAyI vasati bana kara raha gayA; isaliye bhArata kA madhyamabhAga AryAvarta ke nAma se prasiddha huaa| isa deza meM yadyapi AryagaNa ko rahane kA sthAna to sthAyI mila gayA; parantu yahAM unheM bhArata kI ahiMsAmayI saMskRti se prabhAvita hokara dharma va AhAra-vyavahAra ke liye honevAlI apanI hiMsAtmaka pravRttiyoM kA sadA ke liye tyAga karanA pdd'aa| 4. rAjA vasu aura parvata kI kathA isa sambandha meM pAJcAla deza ke rAjA vasu, nArada aura parvata kI paurANika kathA jo matsyapurANaM va mahAbhArata meM dI huI hai vizeSa vicAraNIya hai| isa kathA meM batalAyA gayA hai ki tretAyuga ke Arambha meM vizvabhuk indrane yajJa Arambha kiyaa| bahuta se maharSi usameM Aye / usa yajJa meM pazuvadha hote dekhakara RSine ghora virodha kiyaa| RSine kahA-' nAyaM dharmo. hyadharmo'yaM na hiMsA dharma ucyate ' / arthAt yaha dharma nahIM hai, yaha to adharma hai| hiMsA kabhI dharma nahIM ho sktaa| yajJa bIjoM se karanA cAhiye / svayaM manune pUrvakAla meM yajJa sambandhI aisA hI vidhAna batalAyA hai| parantu indra na maanaa| isa para indra aura RSi ke bIca yajJavidhi ko lekara vivAda khar3A ho gayA ki yajJa jaMgama prANiyoM ke sAtha karanA ucita hai yA anna aura vanaspati ke sAtha / isa vivAda kA nipaTArA karane ke liye indra aura RSi AkAzacArI cedinareza vasu ke pAsa phuNce| vasune vinA soce kaha diyA ki yajJa jaMgama 1. matsyapurAga-manvantarAnukalpa, devarSisaMvAdanAmaka adhyAya 143 / 2. mahAbhArata azvamedha parva adhyAya 91 /
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________________ 312 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura athavA sthAvara donoM prakAra ke prANiyoM ke sAtha ho sakatA hai| kyoMki ' hiMsAsvabhAvo yajJa. syeti ' / isa para RSine use zApa de diyA aura vaha AkAza se gira kara turanta adhogati ko prApta huaa| isase logoM kI zraddhA hiMsA se uTha gaI / yahI kathA kucha heraphera ke sAtha jaina paurANika aura AkhyAnika sAhitya meM yoM batalAI gaI hai-bIsaveM tIrthakara munisuvrata bhagavAn ke kAla meM 'ajairyaSTavyam ' ke prAcIna artha ' jau se devayajJa karanA cAhiye' ko badala kara jaba parvata RSine yaha artha karanA Arambha kara diyA kI bakaroM ko mAra kara devayajJa karanA cAhiye to isake viruddha nAradane ghora visaMvAda khar3A kara diyaa| isa visaMvAda kA nirNaya karAne ke liye cedinareza vasu ko paMca niyukta kiyA gayA / usa jamAne meM rAjA vasu apanI satyatA aura nyAyazIlatA ke kAraNa bahuta hI lokapriya thA / usakA siMhAsana sphaTika maNiyoM se khacita thaa| jaba vaha usa siMhAsana para baiThatA to aisA mAlUma hotA ki vaha binA sahAre AkAzameM hI ThaharA huA hai| rAjA vasune yaha jAnate hue bhI ki parvata kA pakSa jhUThA hai, kevala isa kAraNa ki vaha usake guru kA putra hai, parvata kA samarthana kara diyA / isa para rAjA vasu turanta mara kara adhogati ko prApta huA / janatA meM hAhAkAra maca gayA aura ahiMsA kI punaH sthApanA ho gii| uparyukta donoM prakAra kI anuzrutiyoM kI saMgati baiThAne se pratIta hotA hai ki mahAbhArata va matsyapurANa meM jisa indra aura RSi kA kathana hai ve kramazaH cedinareza vasu aura nAradaRSi kA hai| ukta AkhyAnoM ke indra aura RSi kA ThIka samaya nirNaya karanA to kaThina hai, lekina yaha bAta nirvivAda rUpa se kahI jA sakatA hai ki ve avazya hI mahA. bhArata yuddha se kAphI pahale hura hoMge aisA sahaja mAnA jA sakatA haiN| kyoM ki Rgveda 1. 132, 6. aura 3. 53, 1 meM indra aura parvata donoM ko ikaTThe hI devatAtulya havya. 1. (a) IsA kI AThavIM sadI ke AcArya jinasenakRta harivaMzapurAga sarga 17, zloka 38 se 164. ( A ) IsA kI sAtavIM sadI ke AcArya raviSegakRta padmacarita parva 11 ( i ) IsA kI navIM sadI ke AcArya gugabhadrakRta uttarapurANa parva 65, zloka 58 se 363 ( I ) IsA kI bArahavIM sadI ke AcArya hemacandrakRta triSaSTizalAkA puruSa caritra parva 5, sarga 27 (u) IsA kI prathama sadI ke AcArya vimalasUrikRta paumacariu 11, 75-81 (U) IsA kI prathama sadI ke AcArya kundakundakRta bhAvaprAbhRta 45 (ka) IsA kI dasavIM sadI ke AcArya somadevakRta yazastilakacampU AzvAsa 7, pR. 353 (R) IsA kI dasavIM sadI ke AcArya hariSegakRta hariSeNakathAkoSa 76 vI kathA. 2. yuvaM tamindrAparvatA puroyudhA yo naH pRtanyAdapa taM tamiddhataM vajreNa taM tamiddhatam / 3. indrAparvatA bRhatA rathena vAmIriSa AhataM suvIrAH /
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________________ saMskRti bhArata kI ahiMsA saMskRti / 313 grahaNa karane tathA zatrunAza meM sahAyatA dene ke liye AhvAhana kiyA gayA hai| isake alAvA R. 9. 96, 6' meM RSi arthAt nArada RSi ko viproM meM eka pramukha RSi kahA gayA hai| aura gopathabrAmaNa pUrva 2. 8 meM isa RSi ke sambandha meM kahA gayA hai ki RSi munine RSi droNa (parvata) para tapa kiyA thaa| ukta brAhmaNa ke vacana se mAlUma hotA hai ki ukta RSi (nArada ) eka tapasvI RSi thaa| pIche ke hindU aura jaina paurANika sAhitya meM jagaha 2 vibhinna yugoM meM bAlabrahmacArI nArada muni kA saMmAnanIya muni ke rUpa meM ullekha milatA hai| ye avazya hI ukta AkhyAna ke nArada RSi kI paramparA ke tapasvI muni hoNge| jaina anuzruti ke anusAra bhI bhagavAn munisuvrata tretAyugakAlIna raghuvaMzI rAma ke samakAlIna haiM aura mahAbhArata yuddhakAla se kAphI pahale hue haiN| ukta cedi kA Adhunika nAma canderI hai| yaha madhya pradeza ke bundelakhaNDa meM lalitapura se 22 mIla kI dUrI para sthita hai / mahAbhArata kAla meM yaha zizupAla kI rAjadhAnI rahI hai| isa kathA se patA calatA hai ki jaba AryagaNa kucha himAcala deza se aura kucha saptasindhu deza se madhyapradeza kI ora Age bar3he to yahAM para bhI unakI hiMsAtmaka pravRttiyoM kA virodha utane hI jora se huA jitanA saptasindhu aura himAcala pradeza meM huA thA / zaurasenadeza, kRSNa aura indra kI kathA isa madhyadeza meM basane ke bAda AryagaNa kI jo zAkhA mathurA AgarA Adi zaurasena deza ke ilAke meM bar3hI use bhI yamunA nadI ke kinAre basanevAle kRSNavarNa turvaza aura yadu. vazI kSatriyoM ke virodha ke kAraNa hiMsAmayI pravRttiyoM ko tilAMjali denI par3I / Rgveda 8. 96. 13-15 meM kahA gayA hai ki zIghragAmI kRSNa dasa hajAra senA ke sAtha aMzumatI nadI ( yamunA ) ke samIpa indra ke AkramaNa ko rokane ke liye aayaa| indra usa mahA zabda karanevAle kRSNa ke pAsa AyA aura sandhi karane ke vicAra se kRSNa ke sAtha mitratA kI bAtacIta zurU kii| parantu apanI senA se usane kahA-aMzumatI nadI ke taTa ke gUDhasthAna meM vicaraNa karate hue usa drutagAmI aura sUrya ke samAna tejasvI kRSNa ko maiMne dekhA hai| vIro ! merI icchA hai ki tuma usa se yuddha karo / tadanantara usa kRSNane apanI senA aMzumatI kI ghATI meM ekatra kI aura bar3A parAkrama dikhaayaa| cAroM ora se car3hAI karanevAlI isa devetara senA se indrane bRhaspati kI sahAyatA se kaThinatApUrvaka apanA pIchA chur3AyA / 1. brahmA devAnAM padavIH kavInAmRSiviprANAM mahiSo mRgANAm / 2. ava drapso aMzumatImatiSThadiyAnaH kRSNo dazabhiH sahasraH /
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________________ 314 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha darzana aura Rgveda 1. 101. 11 meM indradvArA kRSNa kI garbhavatI striyoM ke mAre jAne kA bhI ullekha hai / isI sambandha meM bhAgavata purANa ke dazama skandha 24, 25 adhyAyoM meM tathA harivaMza purANa adhyAya 18 meM jo bhagavAn kRSNa dvArA govardhana parvata uThAne kI kathA dI huI hai vaha aitihAsika dRSTi se bar3e mahattva kI hai| isa kathA meM batalAyA gayA hai ki eka bAra zaurasena deza meM nanda Adi gopAloMne indra kI saMtuSTi ke lie yajJa karane kA vicAra kiyA, parantu kRSNa ko unakI yaha bAta pasanda na aaii| usane unheM yajJa karane se roka diyA / aura gauoM ko le kara govardhana parvata kI ora cala par3A / kRSNa kA yaha kArya indra ko acchA na lagA / usane ruSTa ho kara mUsalAdhAra varSA dvArA gokula ko naSTa karane kA saMkalpa kara liyA / isa para kRSNa ne govardhana parvata hAtha meM uThA aura usake nIce gokula ko Azraya de indra ko asaphala banA diyA / RgvedakAlIna uttarI bhArata meM pAMca kSatriya jAtiyAM prasiddha thIM / yadu, anu, dudhu, turvaza aura puru / R. 10. 62. 10 meM yadu aura turvaza logoM ko dAsa saMjJA se saMbodhita kiyA hai'| isakA kAraNa yahI mAlUma hotA hai ki ve vaidika devatAoM aura unake lie kiye jAnevAle yAjJika anuSThAnoM ko mAnanevAle na the| dUsare yadu aura turvaza loga kRSNavarNa ke the arthAt anAryajAti ke the / isa liye unakA yAjJika anuSThAnoM se virodha karanA svAbhAvika hI thA / yAskAcAryakRta nighaNTu 2. 3. meM ina pAMca kSatriya jAtiyoM kI gaNanA devoM meM na karake manuSyoM meM kI gaI hai| atharvaveda 12. 1. 15 meM bhI inheM 'paJca mAnavAH ' tathA 12. 1.42 meM ' paJca kRSTayaH ' kahA gayA hai / isI AdhAra para e. banarjIne uparokta kSatriyoM kI pAMcoM jAtiyoM ko Arya na mAna kara asura jAtiyAM kahA hai / uparyukta vyAkhyA se yaha spaSTa hai ki zaurasenadeza ke nivAsI yAdava aura turvaza loga bhI ahiMsA dharma anu. yAyI the / saMbhavataH turvaza loga ve hI haiM jo pIche se bhAratIya madhyakAlIna itihAsa meM tUra rAjapUta ke nAma se prasiddha hue haiM / , aGgadeza ke rAjA Adityaputra vena kI kathA - rAjA aGga ke saMsAra se virakta ho vana meM cale jAne para usakA putra vena rAjyazAsana kA adhikArI huA / vaha apane nAnA yama ke dharmamArga kA anuyAyI thA / yama AdhyAtmika 1. pramandine pitumadarcatA vaco yaH kRSNagarbhAH nirahannRjizvanA || 2. uta dAsA pariviSe syaddiSTI goparINasA / yadusturvazva mAmahe || 3. Dr. A. C. Das - Rigvedic culture. P. 128. 4. Dr. A. Banerjee - Asura India. PP 17-19; 84-40. 5. bhAgavata purANa skandha 4 adhyAya 14 /
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________________ saMskRti bhArata kI ahiMsA saMskRti / 315 vrAtya saMskRti kA eka mahAn puruSa thA / vaha tapa, tyAga, brahmacarya mArga kA pravartaka thaa| usane ghora tapasyA dvArA mRtyu kA sadA ke liye anta kara diyA thA, isa liye vaha yama ke nAma se prasiddha huaa| vaha Adi brahmA vivasvata manu kA putra thA, isa liye vaivasvata khlaayaa| isa yama kA aura isake vaMzajoM kA ullekha zatapatha brAhmaNa 13. 4. 3. 6 meM, Rgveda 10. 10 tathA atharvaveda 18. 2 meM milatA hai / jaina paramparA meM yaha bAhubalI ke nAma se prasiddha hai| vena bhI usake samAna hI vrAtyasaMskRti ko mAnanevAlA thA / vaha yadyapi apane yuga kA eka bar3A medhAvI puruSa thA', Rgveda 4. 58, 4 meM varNita hai ki devajanane paNiyoM dvArA chupAI huI rahasyamayI vidyA arthAt AtmavidyA ko indra, sUrya aura vena ina tIna srotoM se prApta kiyA thaa| vena var3A dAnI, vidvatpremI tathA santoM kA bhakta thA, parantu vaha indropAsanA, tadartha honevAlI yAjJika hiMsA tathA jAtivAda evaM mAnasika saMkIrNatA kA virodhI thA / isaliye pIche ke vaidika vidvAnoMne use adharma ke vaMza meM utpanna honevAlA aura adhArmika kahA hai| usane adhyAtmavAdI hone ke kAraNa tatkAlIna pracalita adhyAtmapaddhati ke anusAra apane rAjya meM ghoSaNA kI thI ki ahaM ( AtmA hI ) yajJapati hai, prabhu hai / ahaM ( AtmA ) ke atirikta aura koI yajJa kA bhoktA nhiiN| isaliye anya devoM ke liye yajJa, havana, dAna na karake ahaM arthAt AtmopAsanA hI zreyaskara hai| usake rAjya meM puruSoM ke samAna striyoM ko bhI saba adhikAra prApta the| vaidhavya kI dazA meM ve bhI punarvivAha kara sakatI thI / isake atirikta usake rAjya meM sAmAjika viSamatA nahIM thI / sabhI jAtiyoM ke loga Apasa meM aneka vivAhasambandha karane meM svatantra the| jisake phalasvarUpa tatkAlIna bhArata meM aneka saMkara jAtiyoM kA janma huaa| ina bAtoM se rUSTa hokara RSigaNane mantrapUta kuzA se usakA vadha kara DAlA thA / 1. yAskakRta nighaNTu 3. 15 meM medhAvI nAmoM kA ullekha karate hue 'vena' zabda ko bhI saMmilita kiyA hai| 2. tridhA hitaM paNibhirguhyamAnaM gavi devAso ghRtamanvavindan / indra eka sUrya ekaM jajAna venAdekaM svadhayA niSTatakSuH // 3. pra tad duHzIme pRthavAne vene pra rAme vocamasure maghavAsu // R. 10. 93. 14 / isa mantra meM sUktadraSTA RSine duHzIma, pRthavAna, vena aura asura rAma Adi dhanapati rAjAoM kI dAnazIlatA kA varNana kiyA hai| 4. harivaMza purANa adhyAya 4-6. bhAgavata purANa skandha 4 adhyAya 14 / 5. viSNupurANa prathama aMza, adhyAya 13, zloka 14 / 6. manusmRti 9. 65. 66 / ... 7. bRhaddharmapurANa uttarakANDa adhyAya 13 /
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________________ 316 kapilaRSi aura nahuSa kI kathA - mahAbhArata zAntiparva a. 268 meM mahArAjA nahuSa kA AkhyAna dete hue batAyA hai ki eka vAra maharSi tvaSTA atithirUpa se mahArAjA nahuSa ke ghara Aye / mahArAja nahuSane vedavidhi ke anusAra unheM madhuparka dene ke liye govadha karane kA vicAra kiyA / itane meM jJAna - vAn, saMyamI mahAtmA kapila vahAM Agaye / unhoMne nahuSa ko govadha karane ke liye udyata dekha kara apanI naiSThikI buddhi ke prabhAva se kahA ki aise veda ko dhikkAra hai jisameM hiMsA kA vidhAna hai / punaH zAntiparva ke a. 269 meM kapilaRSi kahate haiM ki jo manuSya saba prANiyoM ko Atmatulya samajhatA hai usake mArga meM devatA bhI mohita hote haiM / yajJa Adi kA phala nazvara samajha kara manuSya ko tattvajJAna kA hI Azraya lenA cAhiye / ahaMkAra aura kAmavAsanAoM ke jItane tathA citta kI vizuddhi evaM indriyoM kA saMyama karane se hI manuSya brahmajJAnI hotA hai / yAjJika anuSThAnAdi sakAma karma kI apekSA niSkAma karma hI zreyaskara hai / mahAtmA buddha aura varSARtucaryA kI kathA zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha darzana aura vinayapiTaka ke tIsare skandha ke 3. 1. 1. ke par3hane se patA lagatA hai ki jaba taka buddha mahAtmAne apane bhikSu saMgha ke liye varSARtu ke cAturmAsa meM eka jagaha Thahara kara vAsa karane kA niyama nahIM banAyA thA tabataka magadhadeza kI janatA prAcIna bhAratIya ahiMsA paddhati ke kAraNa sadA bauddha bhikSuoM ke AcAra kI nindA karatI rahI aura isa bAta ko dekha kara vaha hairAna thI ki kisa prakAra zAkyaputra ke zramaNa hare tRNoM kA mardana karake ekendriya jIva vanaspati ko pIr3A dete haiM / aura isa vanaspati meM rahanevAle choTe-choTe prANisamudAya ko mArate hue hemanta meM bhI, grISma meM bhI, varSA meM bhI vicaraNa karate haiN| ye dUsare tIrtha ( mata ) vAle sAdhu varSAvAsa eka hI jagaha rahate haiM / ye cir3iyAM bhI vRkSoM ke Upara ghoMsale banAkara varSARtu meM lIna hokara eka hI sthAna meM rahatI haiM / parantu ye zAkyaputrIya zramaNa hare tRNoM kA mardana karate hue sadA vicarate rahate haiM / mahAtmA buddha ko jaba isa lokanindA kA patA lagA to unhoMne bhikSuoM ko bulAkara varSAvAsa kA Adeza diyA / ( 1 ) pazca yajJa kA vidhAna ina saba udAharaNoM se spaSTa hai ki jisa bhAratIya janatA ko choTe 2 jantuoM kI hiMsA bhI bar3I akharatI thI vaha bhalA yajJArtha honevAlI pazuhiMsA, mAMsAhAra tathA surApAna ko kaise sahana kara sakatI thI / yahI kAraNa hai ki vaidika Aryajana ke Agamana se le kara Aja taka jaba kabhI bhI isalAmI sabhyatA ( 12 vIM sadI) va IsAI sabhyatA ( 18 vIM sadI) ke
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________________ 327 saMskRti bhArata kI ahiMsA saMskRti / kAraNa bhArata meM yajJa kurvAnI Adi dhArmika anuSThAnoM, AhAra, cikitsA va zikAra Adi manovinoda ke liye kI jAne vAlI hiMsaka pravRttiyoM ne jora pakar3A tabhI unake virodha meM bhAratIya cetanA sakriyA ho utthii| Aryajana kI hiMsaka pravRttiyoM ke viruddha honevAlI pratikriyA kA yaha pariNAma mAlUma detA hai| hiMsAnivRtti aura lokakalyANa ke liye zramaNoM ke samAna vaidika kaviyoM ne bhI pazca yajJoM kA vidhAna kiyA / bRhadAraNyaka upaniSad meM paJca yajJoM ke uddezya kI vyAkhyA karate hue kahA hai ki yaha AtmA saba bhUtoM kA loka hai / arthAt gRhasthI manuSya saba jIvoM kA, saba AzramoM kA eka mAtra avalambana hai| yaha jo havana va yajana karatA hai usameM devoM kA loka (hita) hotA hai / yaha jo svAdhyAya karatA hai usase RSiyoM kA hita hotA hai / yaha jo pitaroM ke liye annAdi pradAna karatA hai va santAna kI icchA karatA hai usase pitaroM kA hita hotA hai / yaha jo manuSyoM ko vAsa va bhojana detA hai usase manuSyoM kA hita hotA hai / yaha jo pazuoM ke lie tRNa aura jala detA hai usase pazuoM kA hita hotA hai| yaha jo gharoM meM rahanevAle pazu, pakSI tathA cIMTiyoM taka ke lie annajala detA hai usase una saba kA hita hotA hai / jaise manuSya apane lie hita cAhatA hai, aise hI aisA jAnane vAle ke liye sabhI prANI hita cAhate haiN| manusmRti meM likhA hai ki gRhastha meM rahate hue manuSya se pratidina pAMca prakAra kI hiMsA hotI hai| okhalI, cakkI, cUlhA, jhADU aura jalabharaNa ye hiMsA ke kAraNa haiN| ina hiMsAoM ke nirAkaraNa ke liye maharSiyoM ne pratidina paJca yajJa karanA batalAye haiN| jina se gRhastha ke kalyANa kI vRddhi hotI hai / una yajJoM ke nAma ye hai- brahmayajJa, devayajJa, pitRyajJa, bhUtayajJa aura atithiyajJa / zAstroM ke paThana-pAThana tathA Atmacintana kA nAma brahmayajJa hai / pitRtarpaNa ko pitRyajJa kahate haiM / havana va yajana karanA devayajJa hai| samasta jIvoM ke kalyANArtha anna, jala, vastra Adi kA dAna bhUtayajJa hai| atithi arthAt sAdhusanta Adi AgantukoM ke liye satkArapUrvaka AhAra Adi denA atithi yajJa hai| devatA, pitara aura manuSyoM ko dekara bhojana karanevAlA gRhastha amRta bhojana karatA hai| jo kevala apanA peTa pAlane vAlA hai aura apane hI liye rasoI banAtA hai vaha pApamaya bhojana karatA hai| 1. atho ayaM vA AtmA sarveSA bhUtAnAM lokaH |......ythaah vai svAya lokAyAriSTimicche deva haivaMvide sarvANi bhUtAnyaziSTimicchanti // bRhadAraNyaka 1, 4, 16 2. (a ) manusmRti 3, 68-74 / (A) skandhapurANa-kAzI khaNDa-pUrvArddha, adhya0 38 3. (a) Rgveda 10, 117 5-6 / " kevalAgho bhavati kevlaadii|" (A) pitRdevamanuSyebhyo dattvAznAtyamRtaM gRhI / svArtha pacannadhaM bhute kevalaM svodaraMbhariH // skandapurANa kAzI khaNDa pUrvArdha 38, 30
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________________ 328 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pratha darzana aura (2) ahiMsAmaya RSikula jIvana____ mahAbhArata, rAmAyaNa, raghuvaMza, zakuntalA, kAdambarI Adi sAhityika granthoM meM vAlmiki, agastya, bhRgu, kaNva, jAbAli Adi mAnanIya RSi-muniyoM ke AzramoM kA jo varNana diyA huA hai usase bhalI-bhAMti vidita hai ki brAhmaNa RSiyoM ke AzramoM kA vAtAvaraNa dayA, saralatA, svacchatA se kitanA sundara thA, vinaya, bhakti aura sevA se kitanA sajIva thA, unakA loka mAnavaloka taka hI sImita na thA / vaha pazu-pakSIloka tathA vanaspatiloka taka vyApta thaa| vaha AkAza se dharatI taka aura pUrva kSitija se pazcima kSitija taka phailA huA thA / Rtucakra kA nRtya, uSA kI aruNa muskAna, sUrya kI tejasvI caryA, saMdhyA kI zAnta nistabdhatA, tAroM bhare uttuMga gagana ke gIta unake Amoda-pramoda ke sAdhana the| saba ora latAveSTita vRkSoM kI paMkti, phaloM kI vATikAyeM, aliyoM kA guMjAra, pakSiyoM ke nAda, moroM ke nAca, mRgoM kI aThakheliyAM, kamaloM se bharapUra jalAzaya unakI nATyazAlA ke sajIva dRzya the| khAne ke liye prAkRtika phalaphUla, pIne ke liye svaccha nadIjala, pahinane ke liye valkala, rahane ke liye tRNakuTI una kI dhanasampadA thI / (3) smRti granthoM meM ahiMsAmaya vidhAna isI pratikriyA ke phalasvarUpa smRti granthoM meM bhI AhAra aura vyavasAya sambandhI ahiMsA para bahuta jora diyA gayA hai| skandapurANa kAzIkhaNDa pUrvArdha a.40 tathA manusmRti 11. 54-96 meM kahA gayA hai ki mAMsa, madya, surA aura Asava grahaNa na karanA cAhiye / kIr3e, makor3e, pakSiyoM kI hatyA karanA athavA madhumizrita bhojana, nindita anna kA bhojana, lahasuna, pyAja Adi abhakSya cIjoM kA sevana karanA bhI pApa hai| khAnoM para adhikAra jamAkara unako khodanA, bar3e bhAro yantroM kA calAnA, auSadhiyoM kA ukhAr3anA, IMdhana ke liye hare vRkSoM kA kATanA bhI pApa hai| yAjJavalkya smRti 1. 156, bRhannAradIyapurANa 22. 12. 16 meM pazubali aura mAMsAhAra ko lokaviruddha hone se tyAjya tthhraayaa| manusmRti meM yahAMtaka kahA gayA hai ki dRSTipUtaM nyasetpAdaM vastrapUtaM jalaM pivet / satyapUtAM vadedvAcaM manaHpUtaM samAcaret // 6. 46. arthAt calate samaya mArga ko dekhate hue cle| jala ko vastra se chAna kara pIve / satyabharI vANI bole aura pavitra sadbhAvanApUrvaka AcaraNa kreN|
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________________ bhArata kI AhasA saMskRti / upasaMhAra bhAratIya jIvana kA Adarza sadA yogI jIvana rahA hai / bhArata ke loga paramAtmA kI kalpanA bhI yogI ke rUpameM hI karate rahe haiM aura paramAtmarUpa banane ke lie sadA yogI jIvana ko apane jIvana kA dhyeya mAnate rahe haiM / isa dhyeya ko lekara hI bhavyajana Izvara kI upAsanA karate haiM saskRAta mokSamArgasya netAraM bhettAraM karma bhUbhRtAm / jJAtAraM vizvatAnAM vande tadguNalabdhaye || umAsvAtikRta mokSazAstrakA maMgalAcaraNa. isI dhyeya ko le kara bhArata ke prasiddha rAjayogI bhartRharine kahA hai - ekAkI niHspRhaH zAntaH pANipAtro digambaraH / kadA zambho bhaviSyAmi karmanirmUlanakSamaH // 319 arthAt he zambho ! vaha dina kaba AyegA jaba anAdi karmabandhanoM ko nirmUla karane ke lie maiM yogiyoM ke samAna akelA zAntibhAva se binA kisI vastra upakaraNa aura ADambara ke roa evaM niSkAma ho kara vicarUMgA / I isa lie zAstrakAroM kI dRSTi meM ve hI sadgRhastha haiM jo gRhastha meM rahate hue bhI paramAtmapada kI siddhi ke lie sadA yogI banane kI bhAvanA banAye rakhate haiM / bhAratIyajana zramaNa yogiyoM ke samAna hI apane khAna-pAna, vyavahAra va vyavasAyoM meM ahiMsA ko apanAte rahe haiN| yahAM ke loga sadA anna, zAkabhAjI, svaccha vyavahArI bane rahe haiM / ye sadA va athavA vRkSoM kA sIMcana karanA, kIr3e makor3e Adi kSudra jantuoM se le kara kAga, cir3iyA, bandara, baila, gAya Adi pazuoM taka ko AhAra dAna denA, sAMpoM taka ko dUdha pilAnA eka puNyakArya mAnate rahe haiN| yahAM ke logoM kA khAnapAna sadA se bahuta sIdhA-sAdA rahatA calA AyA hai / kRSi aura pazupAlana ina ke mukhya vyavasAya rahe haiN|' kRSi ke dvArA ye vividha prakAra ke anna mukhyataH yava (jau), trIhi ( cAvala ), godhUma (gehUM ), tila, zAmaka, ur3ada, mUMga, masUra Adi paidA karate the / ina hI annoM aura pazuoM se prApta ghI, dUdha para ina kA jIvana nirbhara thaa| ye apane pazuoM ko ghana aura anna ko dhAnya kahA karate the / 1 1. atharva 12. 1. 42 / 2. brahmava me yavAva me mASAzca me tilAzca me mudgAzca me masUrAzca me / yajurveda 18. 12
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha darzana aura Aja ke bhAratIya jIvana, vizeSatayA paMjAbI jIvana ko dekhate hue bhale hI yaha bAta hameM Azcaryajanaka pratIta ho, parantu samasta bhAratIya sAhitya aura videzI yAtriyoM ke vizada vivaraNa se ukta bAta pUrNatayA siddha hai / Aja ke bhAratIya jIvana meM jitanI adhika mAMsAhAra kI pravRtti dekhane meM A rahI hai vaha saba musalIma aura vizeSa kara yoropIya sabhyatA ke duSprabhAvoM kA hI phala hai / 320 IsavI san se 300 varSa pUrva bhArata meM IsavI san 700 ke lagabhaga AnevAle cInI ahiMsAtmaka jIvana kI puSTi kI hai / AnevAle yUnAnI dUta megasthanIja se le kara yAtrI isiMga taka sabhI yAtriyoMne bhArata ke isa prakAra Upara ke vistRta AkhyAnoM dvArA yaha spaSTa siddha ho jAtA hai ki bhArata kA maulika dharma ahiMsA, tapa, tyAga aura saMyama rahA hai| tretAyuga ke Arambha meM hiMsAtmaka yAjJika kriyA- va - kANDa Aryajana ke Agamana ke sAtha bhArata meM dAkhila huA aura dvApara ke Arambha taka yahAM kI adhyAtma saMskRti ke samparka se pUrNa ahiMsAtmaka adhvara yajJa ke rUpa meM pariNata ho gayA /
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________________ ahiMsA-bhagavatI ghevaracanda bA~ThiyA 'vIraputra ' nyAya tIrtha, si0 zAstrI, bIkAnera zAstrakAroMne ahiMsA ko bhagavatI' kaha kara pukArA hai| hiMsA se viparIta 'ahiMsA' kahalAtI hai / hiMsA kA lakSaNa karate hue kahA gayA hai pramattayogAt prANavyaparopaNaM hiMsA arthAt-mana, vacana, kAyArUpa tIna yogoM se prANiyoM ke dasa prANoM meM se kisI bhI prANa kA vinAza karanA hiMsA hai / jaisA ki kahA hai pazcendriyANi trividhaM balaJca, ucchvaasniHshvaasmthaanydaayuH| prANAH dazaite bhagavadbhiruktAsteSAM viyojIkaraNaM tu hiMsA / / arthAt-pAMca indriyAM, tIna bala (manovalaprANa, vacanabalaprANa, kAyabalaprANa ) ucchrAsanizvAsa aura Ayu ye dasa prANa haiN| prANI se ina prANoM kA viyoga kara denA hiMsA hai, isake viparIta ahiMsA hai / usakA lakSaNa isa prakAra hai apramattatayA zubhayogapUrvakaM prANA'vyaparopaNamahiMsA ___ arthAt-apramattatA ( sAvadhAnatA ) se zubhayogapUrvaka prANiyoM ke prANoM ko kisI prakAra kA kaSTa na pahuMcAnA evaM kaSTa meM par3e hue prANI kA kaSTa miTA kara usakI rakSA karanA ahiMsA kahalAtI hai| samudra ke agAdha jala meM DUbate hue aura hiMsaka jala jantuoM se bhayabhIta bane hue evaM mahAn taraGgoM se idhara-udhara uchalate hue prANiyoM ke lie jisa taraha dvIpa AdhAra hotA hai, usI prakAra saMsArarUpI samudra meM DUbate hue, saikar3oM duHkhoM se pIr3ita, iSTaviyoga, aniSTasaMyogarUpa taraGgoM se prAntacita evaM pIr3ita prANiyoM ke lie ahiMsA dvIpa ke samAna AdhArabhUta hotI hai| athavA jisa taraha andhakAra meM par3e hue prANiyoM ko dIpaka andhakAra kA nAza kara iSTa padArtha ko grahaNa karAne Adi pravRtti karavAne meM kAraNabhUta hotA hai, usI prakAra jJAnAvaraNIyAdi andhakAra ko naSTa kara vizuddhabuddhi aura prabhA ko pradAna kara heya padArthoM ke tiraskAra (agrahaNa) aura upAdeya padArthoM ke svIkAra (grahaNa ) rUpa pravRtti karAne meM kAraNa (40)
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________________ 322 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura hone se ahiMsA dIpaka ke samAna hai / tathA ApattiyoM se prANiyoM kI rakSA karanevAlI hone se ahiMsA trANa evaM zaraNarUpa hai| zrI praznavyAkaraNa sUtra ke prathama saMvara dvAra meM isa ahiMsA bhagavatI ke 60 nAma kahe gaye haiN| ve isa prakAra haiM (1) nivANa (nirvANa)-mokSa kA kAraNa hone se ahiMsA 'nirvANa' kahI jAtI hai| (2) nirvaI (nivRtti-nivRtti)-mana kI svasthatA (nishcinttaa)| athavA duHkhoM kI nivRtti ( tyAga ) / (3) samAdhi-citta kI ekAgratA / ( 4 ) zakti-mokSagamana kI zakti denevAlI / athavA zAnti denevAlI / (5) kittI-yaza, kIrti denevAlI / (6) kaMtI ( kAnti ) teja, pratApa evaM saundarya aura zobhA ko denevAlI / (7) rati-AnandadAyinI / (8) zrutAna-zruta ( jJAna ) hI jisakA aGga hai aisI / (9) virati-pApa se nivRtta kraanevaalii| (10 ) tRpti-santoSa denevaalii| (11) dayA-saba prANiyoM kI rakSArUpa hone se ahiMsA dayA ( anukampA ) hai| zAstrakAroMne dayA kI bahuta mahimA batalAI hai aura kahA hai| sabajaggajIvarakkhaNadayaTThayAe, pAvayaNaM bhagavayA sukahiyaM / arthAt-sampUrNa jagat ke jIvoM kI rakSArUpa dayA ke lie hI bhagavAnne pravacana ( sUtra ) pharamAye haiN| (12) vimukti-saMsAra ke saba bandhanoM se mukta karAnevAlI / (13) kSAnti-krodha kA nigraha kraanevaalii| (14) samyaktvArAdhanA-samakita kI ArAdhanA karAnevAlI / (15) mahattI-saba dharmoM kA anuSThAnarUpa hone se ahiMsA ' mahattI' kahalAtI hai| jaisA ki kahA hai-- ekaM ciya ettha vayaM niddir3ha jiNavarehiM sohiM / pANAivAyaviramaNamavasesA tassa rakkhaTThA // arthAt-vItarAgadevane prANAtipAta-viramaNa ( ahiMsA ) rUpa eka hI vrata mukhya batalAyA hai / zeSa vrata to usakI rakSA ke lie hI batalAe gaye haiN| (16) bodhi-sarvajJaprarUpita dharma kI prApti karAnevAlI hone se bodhirUpa hai arthAt
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________________ 223 saMskRti ahiMsA-bhagavatI ahiMsA kA dUsarA nAma anukampA hai| anukampA bodhi ( samakita ) kA kAraNa hai| isalie ahiMsA ko 'bodhi' kahA gayA hai / ( 17 ) buddhi-ahiMsA buddhidAyinI hone se 'buddhi' kahalAtI hai / jaisA ki kahA hai bAvattarikalAkusalA paMDiyapurisA apaMDiyA ceva / savva kalANaM pavaraM je dhammakalaM na yANaMti / / arthAt-saba kalAoM meM pradhAna ahiMsA rUpa dharmakalA se anabhijJa puruSa zAstra meM varNita puruSa kI 72 kalAoM meM pravINa hote hue bhI apaNDita haiN| (18) dhRti-citta kI dRr3hatA denevaalii| (19) samRddhi-samRddhi denevAlI / (20) Rddhi-Atmika Rddhi denevAlI / (21) vRddhi-Atmika guNoM kI vRddhi karanevAlI / ( 22 ) sthiti-mokSa meM sthiti karAnevAlI / ( 23 ) puSTi-Atmika guNoM ko puSTa karanevAlI / ( 24 ) nandA-Ananda denevaalii| (25) bhadrA-kalyANa denevAlI / (26) vizuddhi-pApa kA kSaya karake jIva ko nirmala banAnevAlI / (27 ) labdhi-kevalajJAnAdi labdhi ko denevAlI / ( 28 ) viziSTadRSTi-saba dharmoM meM ahiMsA hI viziSTa dRSTi arthAt pradhAna dharma mAnA gayA hai| jaisA ki kahA hai kiM tae paDhiyAe payakoDIe palAlabhyAe / jatthetiyaM Na NAyaM, parassa pIDA Na kAyadA // arthAt-prANiyoM ko kisI prakAra kI pIr3A na pahuMcAnI cAhie, yadi yaha tattva na sIkhA gayA to karor3oM pada arthAt saikar3oM zAstra par3ha lene se bhI kyA prayojana ! kyoMki ahiMsA ke binA ve saba palAlabhUta arthAt niHsAra haiN| (29) kalyANa-kalyANa kI prApti kraanevaalii| (30) maMgala-maM pApaM gAlayatIti maMgalaM' arthAt jo pApoM ko naSTa kare vaha maMgala kahalAtA hai / athavA- ' maMga-zreyaH lAti dadAtIti maMgalaM' arthAt kalyANa ko denevAlA maMgala kahalAtA hai / pApavinAzinI hone se ahiMsA ' maMgala' kahalAtI hai| (31) pramoda-pramoda ko denevaalii| (32) vibhUti-saba vibhUtiyoM ko denevaalii| ( 33 ) rakSA-saba jIvoM kI rakSA karanevAlI /
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka -graMtha ( 34 ) siddhAvAsa - mokSa ke akSaya nivAsa ko denevAlI / (35) anAzrava - karmabandha ko rokanevAlI / ( 36 ) kevalIsthAna - ahiMsA kevalI bhagavAn kA sthAna hai arthAt kevalI prarUpita dharmaM kA mukhya AdhAra ahiMsA hI hai / isa lie ahiMsA 'kevalIsthAna ' kahalAtI hai / ( 37 ) ziva - ziva arthAt mokSa ko denevAlI / (38) samiti - samyak pravRtti karAnevAlI / ( 39 ) zIla - citta kI samAdhi rUpa / (40) saMyama - hiMsA se nivRtta karAnevAlI / ( 41 ) zIlaparighara - cAritra kA Azraya / (42) saMvara - navIna karmoM ke Agamana ko rokanevAlI / (43) gupti - mana, vacana, kAyA kI azubha pravRtti ko rokanevAlI / ( 44 ) vyavasAya - viziSTa adhyavasAyarUpa | (45) ucchraya-mana ke bhAvoM ko unnata banAnevAlI / (46) yajJa - bhAvapUjArUpa 1 (47) Ayatana - guNoM kA sthAna / (48) yajanA - abhayadAna denevAlI / athavA yatanA-prANiyoM ko rakSArUpa / 324 darzana aura (49) apramAda - pramAda kA tyAgarUpa / (50) AzvAsa - prANiyoM ke lie AzvAsarUpa / (51) vizvAsa - prANiyoM ke lie vizvAsarUpa / (52) abhaya - saMsAra ke samasta prANiyoM ko abhayadAna denevAlI / (53) amAghAta - amAri ) - kisI bhI prANI ko na mArane kA udghoSa karanevAlI / ( 54 ) cokSA - pavitra / ( 55 ) pavitra - pApa mala ko dho kara pavitra karanevAlI / (56) zuci - bhAvazucirUpa hone se ahiMsA 'zuci' kahI jAtI hai| jaisA ki kahA haisatyaM zaucaM tapaH zauca, zaucamindriyanigrahaH / sarvabhUtadayA zauMcaM, jalazaucaM ca pazcamam // - arthAt - satya, tapa, indriyanigraha, saba prANiyoM kI dayA zuci hai aura pAMcavIM jalazuci kahI gaI hai / uparokta cAra bhAvazuci haiM aura jalazuci dravyazuci hai / (57) pUyA - ( pUtA yA pUjA ) pavitra hone se 'pUtA' aura bhAva se devapUjArUpa hone se ahiMsA 'pUjA' kahI jAtI hai / 1 (58) vimalA - svaccha-1 cha - nirmala (59) prabhA - dIptirUpa / (60 ) nirmalatarA - jIva ko ati nirmala banAnevAlI hone se ahiMsA 'nirmalatarA ' kahI jAtI hai|
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________________ saMskRti ahiMsA-bhagavatI 325 yathArtha ke pratipAdaka hone se uparokta sATha nAma ahiMsA bhagavatI ( dayA mAtA ) ke paryAyavAcI zabda kahe jAte haiN| ahiMsA kI ATha upamAeM ahiMsA bhagavatI ko ATha upamAeM dI gaI haiM / ve isa prakAra haiM: (1) jisa prakAra bhayabhIta prANiyoM ke lie zaraNa kA AdhAra hotA hai, usI prakAra saMsAra ke duHkhoM se bhayabhIta prANiyoM ke lie ahiMsA AdhArabhUta hai / (2) jisa prakAra pakSiyoM ke gamana ke lie AkAza kA AdhAra hai, usI prakAra bhanyajIvoM ko ahiMsA kA AdhAra hai| (3) pyAse puruSa ko jaise jala kA AdhAra hai, usI prakAra bhavya jIvoM ko ahiMsA kA AdhAra hai| (4) bhUkhe puruSa ko jaise bhojana kA AdhAra hai, usI prakAra bhavya jIvoM ko ahiMsA kA AdhAra hai| (5) samudra meM DUbate hue prANI ko jisa prakAra jahAja kA yA naukA kA AdhAra hai, usI prakAra saMsArarUpI samudra meM cakkara khAte hue bhavya prANiyoM ko ahiMsA kA AdhAra hai| (6) jisa prakAra pazu ko khUTe kA AdhAra hai| (7) rogI ko auSadhi kA AdhAra hai| (8) jaMgala meM mArga bhUle hue pathika ko kisI ke sAtha kA AdhAra hotA hai, usI prakAra saMsAra meM karmoM ke vazIbhUta hokara nAnA gatiyoM meM bhramaNa karate hue bhavya prANiyoM ke lie ahiMsA kA AdhAra hai / trasa, sthAvara Adi sabhI prANiyoM ke lie ahiMsA kSemaMkarI ( hitakArI ) hai / isa lie ise ' bhagavatI' kahA gayA hai / isa kA sampUrNa rUpa se pAlana karanevAle ' bhagavAn ' bana jAte haiM /
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________________ jIvana aura ahiNsaa| zrI AtmArAmajI mahArAja ke suziSya zrI jJAna munijI-AdhyAtmika jagata meM bhagavatI ahiMsA ko eka mahatvapUrNa sthAna prApta rahA hai / ahiMsA AdhyAtmika sAdhanA kI prAthamika bhUmikA hai, usakI AdhArazilA hai / mAnava-jIvana kA ujvala prakAza bhI ahiMsA kI amara bhAvanA meM hI nivAsa kara rahA hai / ahiMsA aura satya ke agradUta bhagavAn mahAvIraneH _*" dhammo maMgalamukiTaM ahiMsA saMjamo tavo" yaha kaha kara ahiMsA ko dharma aura sarvazreSTha maMgala svIkAra kiyA hai aura sAtha meM +" devA vi taM namaMsanti jassa dhamme sayA maNo" yaha pratipAdana kara ahiMsA kI uccatA, mahattA, saphalatA aura lokapriyatA ko bhI unhoMne saharSa mAnA hai / isake atiriktaH "mA hiMsyAta sarvabhUtAni, (aura) ahiMsApratiSThAyAM tatsaMnidhau vairatyAgaH" Adi mahAvAkya bhI ahiMsA ke hI apUrva guNagaurava ko abhivyakta kara rahe haiN| ahiMsA kI mahimA mahAn hai / kisIne use dharma ke rUpa meM dekhA hai, koI use maMgala ke nAma se pukAratA hai aura kisIne ahiMsA ko zAnti kA mahApatha evaM AdhyAtmikatA kA eka ujvala pratIka svIkAra kiyA hai| ___ ahiMsA kA pratipakSa hiMsA hai / ahiMsA ke svarUpa kA avabodha prApta karane ke liye sarvaprathama hiMsA ke svarUpa ko jAna lenA ucita pratIta hotA hai / svanAmadhanya AcArya umAsvAtine svanirmita zrItattvArtha sUtra meM pramattayoga ke sAtha kiye gaye prANavadha ko hiMsA kahA hai: " pramattayogAt prANavyaparopaNaM hiMsA / " AcAryapravara umAsvAtine hiMsA kI vyAkhyA do aMzoM dvArA pUrNa kI hai / unameM pramattayoga prathama hai aura prANavadha yaha dUsarA aMza hai| rAga aura dveSa se pUrNa vyApAra yA jIvana OM ahiMsA, saMyama, tapa yaha trividha dharma hai aura utkRSTa maMgala hai| + jisa hRdaya meM dharma nivAsa karatA hai, devatA bhI usako namaskAra karate haiN| (41)
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________________ rara7 saMskRti jIvana aura ahiNsaa| meM asAvadhAnatA kA nAma pramattayoga hai| prANoM kA vadha prANavadha kahalAtA hai| ina donoM meM prathama aMza kAraNa rUpa se hai jaba ki dUsarA kAryarUpa se| AcAryadeva kA vacana yaha hai ki jisa hRdaya meM rAga-dveSa kI dhArA baha rahI hai, asAvadhAnatA kA jahAM sarvatomukhI prabhAva hai, pramAda jisakA netRtva kara rahA hai usa hRdaya dvArA yadi kisI jIvana kA apaharaNa ho rahA hai, use duHkha yA pIr3A pahuMcAI jA rahI hai to vahAM hiMsA kA janma hotA hai| hiMsA kI DAkinI vahAM sAkAra rUpa dhAraNa kara letI hai| jisa prANavadha meM rAga-dveSa nahIM hai, kisI prakAra kI anya koI kSudrabhAvanA nahIM hai to vaha prANavadha prANoM kA nAzaka hone para bhI hiMsA kA rUpa nahIM le sakatA hai| __jIvana meM anekoM bAra aise avasara Ate haiM ki hama kisI ko bacAne yA usako sukha-ArAma pahuMcAne kA prayatna karate haiM, kintu pariNAma ulTA hotA hai / bacAye jAnevAle ko kaSTa hotA hai, vaha karAha uThatA hai, kaI bAra usake jIvana kA anta bhI ho jAtA hai| prANoM ke bacAne meM pUrNatayA saceta aura satarka DAkTara ke hAthoM se rogiyoM ke ho rahe prANanAza kI bAta yadA-tadA sunane meM AtI rahatI haiM, kintu aisI sthiti meM vaha prANanAzaka hiMsA kA rUpa nahIM le sakatA; kyoMki vahAM bhAvanA rogI kI surakSA kI hai-usako bacAne kI hai-rAga-dveSa kA vahAM koI cinha bhI nahIM hai| ataH vahAM hiMsA nahIM hai| hiMsA vahIM hotI hai jahAM rAga-dveSa kA bhAva hotA hai aura rAga-dveSa kI chAyA tale jahAM kisI ke jIvana ko lUTA jAtA hai| vastutaH mana, vANI aura zarIra se kAma-krodha-moha-lobha Adi dUSita manovRttiyoM ke sAtha jaba kisI prANI ko zArIrika yA mAnasika kisI bhI prakAra kI hAni yA pIr3A pahuMcAI jAtI hai taba use hiMsA kahA jAtA hai| guru dvArA kiyA gayA ziSyatAina dekhane meM bhale hI hiMsA pratIta ho, kintu vahAM bhAvanA kI sAtvikatA ke kAraNa use hiMsA kA rUpa nahIM diyA jA sakatA / isake atirikta ahita evaM aniSTa kI vRddhi se kisI ko pilAyA gayA godugdha bhI hiMsA kA kAraNa bana jAtA hai| ataH hiMsA kA mUla rAga-dveSapUrNa bhAvanA hai / jahAM-jahAM bhI rAga-dveSa kI bhAvanA nivAsa karatI hai vahAM-vahAM para hI hiMsA kI utpatti hotI calI jAtI hai| hiMsA kA viloma ahiMsA hai| anukampA-dayA-karuNA-sahAnubhUti-samavedanA Adi ahiMsA ke hI paryAyavAcI zabda haiN| mana, vANI aura zarIra se kisI bhI prANI ko zArIrika, vAcika aura mAnasika kisI bhI prakAra kA kaSTa yA kleza na pahuMcAne kA nAma ahiMsA hai| ahiMsA kA ArAdhaka ahiMsaka hotA hai| ahiMsA kA jIvana eka nirAlA jIvana hotA hai| usakA mAnasa sadA dayAke jhUle para jhUlatA rahatA hai / usake yahAM kisI kA aniSTa nahIM hotaa|
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________________ 328 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura vahAM nirantara maitrI, sneha aura sahAnubhUti kI dhArA pravAhita hotI rahatI hai / IrSyA, dveSa, vairavirodha, saMkIrNatA evaM asahiSNutA Adi vikAroM kA sarvanAza ho jAtA hai| ahiMsaka jIvana jahAM kahIM bhI hotA hai saMsAra use prakAzastambha ke rUpa se dekhatA hai / ahiMsaka kA pratyeka pada saMsAra kI unnati atha ca abhivRddhi ke liye hI uThA karatA hai usake roma-roma se " sukhI rahe saba jIva jagatake, koI kabhI na ghabarAve / vaira-pApa-abhimAna chor3a jaga, nitya naye maGgala gAve // " yahI amara svara gUMjatA rahatA hai| saMsAra kA hita aura kalyANa hI usakI sAdhanA hotI hai| ahiMsaka jIvana sadA jagata ko sukhI, nirApada evaM AdhyAtmikatA ke samucca siMhAsana para virAjamAna dekhanA cAhatA hai / ahiMsA kA siddhAMta itanA lokapriya siddhAnta hai ki kucha kahate nahIM bntaa| saMsAra ke sabhI darzanoM ne isakA svAgata kiyA hai / jaina darzana kA to kaNa-kaNa ahiMsA kI ArAdhanA kara rahA hai / jaina darzana kA aisA koI vidhividhAna nahIM hai jahAM ahiMsA ke darzana nahIM hote / bauddha darzana bhI isake sambandha meM mauna nahIM hai / vaidika paramparAne " mA hiMsyAt sarvabhUtAni " yaha kaha kara ahiMsA kI mahimA ko svIkAra kiyA hai / bhAratIya darzanoM ke atirikta pAzcAtya darzana bhIH Thou shall not kill* __ yaha kaha kara bhagavatI ahiMsA ko apanI zraddhAJjali arpita karatA hai| ahiMsA kI abAdha gati hai| usake apUrva prabhAva ko jhuThalAyA nahIM jA sktaa| ahiMsA sadA se sukha kA srota rahI hai / usakI ArAdhanA se mAnavane laukika aura pAralaukika sabhI prakAra kI sukha-zAnti prApti kI hai| Aja jo cAroM ora pArivArikasAmAjika-rASTrIya aura AdhyAtmika vairavirodha dRSTigocara ho rahA hai, IrSA-dveSa Adi doSoM ne mAnava-samAja ko satvahIna banA DAlA hai, usakA sarvatomukhI patana kara diyA hai isakA mUla kAraNa yadi koI hai to vaha mAtra ahiMsA kA anAdara hai| yadi manuSya ahiMsA ko apanA jIvanasAthI banA le aura saba kI sukha-suvidhA kA ucita dhyAna rakkhe, mana, vANI aura zarIra dvArA kisI kA bhI ahita na kare taba rASTrIya-sAmAjika-pArivArika aura AdhyAtmika koI bhI saMkaTa sara nahIM uThA sakatA aura mAnava sadA suzAnti ke jhUle para jhUlatA rhegaa| * " tUjhe kisI jIva ko mAranA nahIM" yaha IsA kI 10 AjJAoM meM eka AzA hai /
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________________ saMskRti jIvana aura ahiNsaa| jo ahiMsA eka hAthI ko magadhanareza zreNika kA rAjakumAra banA sakatI hai, jo ahiMsA rAjA megharatha ko tIrthakaratva pradAna kara sakatI hai, jo ahiMsA dharmaruci anagAra ke mAdhyama se mukti ke dvAra khola sakatI hai aura jo ahiMsA zatAbdiyoM kI bhAratIyaparatantratA kI ber3iyoM ko khaNDa-khaNDa kara sakatI hai vaha ahiMsA Aja ke azAnta mAnava ko zAnta kyoM nahIM kara sakatI ! mAnava ke bhItara soye sukha devatA ko jagA kyoM nahIM sakatI ! tIrthakaratva yA Izvarasva ko sAmane lA kara khar3A kyoM nahIM kara sakatI ! vizvAsa rakkho-Aja bhI ahiMsA meM vahI zakti hai / Aja bhI ahiMsA mAnava ke klezoM aura kaSToM kA anta lA sakatI hai| Aja bhI ahiMsA damator3a rahI mAnavatA ko jIvana pradAna kara sakatI hai| kintu yaha hogA tabhI jaba ahiMsA kA Adara kiyA jAegA. use jIbana kA sAthI banAyA jAyegA, usakI ArAdhanA meM tana-mana arpaNa kara diyA jaayegaa| kintu Aja ahiMsA kevala kaNTha para nivAsa karatI hai / use jIvana meM nahIM utArA jA rahA / ahiMsA kI samasta maryAdAoM ko Aja jIvana se prAyaH nikAla diyA gayA haiN| isa liye Aja ahiMsA ke camatkAra hameM dRSTigocara nahIM ho rahe haiM / vastutaH jIvanaprApta ahiMsA hI jIvana ko apane apUrva camatkAra dikhAyA karatI hai| rASTrapitA mahAtmA gAMdhI kA ahiMsaka jIvana usa satya kA vartamAnakAlIna eka jvalanta udAharaNa hai| ___ mAnava sthAnakoM meM-mandiroM meM -masjidoM meM-girjAgharoM meM aura gurudvAroM meM ahiMsA dharma ke sambandha meM bahuta sundara sundara pravacana karatA hai| ahiMsA dharma kI jaya ke nAre bhI lagAtA hai| kintu use jIvanAMgI banAne kA yatna nahIM karatA kitane Azcarya kI bAta hai ! jisa ahiMsA kA janma hI hiMsA kI Aga para pAnI DAlane ke liye huA thA Aja svArthI mAnava usIkA bahAnA dhAraNa kara jana-mAnasa meM Aga lagAne kA yatna karatA hai| aura to aura saMsAra ko sukhazAnti kA mahApatha dikhAnevAlA tyAgI varga bhI Aja bhaTakA phiratA hai| satya-ahiMsA kA mahApATha par3hAnevAlA sAdhu samAja bhI Aja hiMsA kA zikAra ho rahA hai / Aja sAdhuoM meM lar3AiyeM hotI haiM-kleza hote haiN| eka dUsare ko nIcA dikhAne ke liye sAdhu mahAtmA bhI daNDa pelate dikhAI dete haiM / sundara vastra pahananA, bhojana khAnA aura mithyA AtmaprazaMsA evaM AtmazlAghA karanA hI Aja sAdhu jIvana kI prAyaH sAdhanA bana gaI hai / tabhI to paNDita neharune kahA thA ki bhArata ke 85 lAkha sAdhuoM meM muzkila se hajAra sAdhu sAdhutA ke dhanI hoMge / Aja bhI yadi sAdhu apanI maryAdA ko aura apane ahiMsA vrata ko surakSita rakhane ke liye sannaddha ho jAya to ve apane ko sarvanAza se bacA sakate haiM / ahiMsA ke mahA-patha para cale binA jIvana-surakSA aura jIvanonnati kA koI mArga nahIM hai|
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha darzana aura ahiMsA dharma ke jayanAdoM se, use jIvana meM na lAkara, kevala usakI duhAI dete rahane se ahiMsA kI pratiSThA nahIM ho sakatI hai| ahiMsA ko jIvanopayogI na banA kara mAtra usakI duhAI dete rahane se to ahiMsA badanAma hotI hai aura janamAnasa meM usake liye azraddhA evaM aruci paidA hotI hai / isa satya kI puSTi gAMdhIjI ke eka bhASaNa dvArA ho jAtI hai| jisa meM unhoMne kahA thA ki jaba maiM ahamadAbAda meM thA taba vahAM ke kAMkariyA tAlAba kA pAnI sUkha jAne se jainI loga machaliyoM ko pAnI pilAne jAte the aura kaI bAra maiM dekhatA hU~ dayAdharmI cIMTiyoM ko ATA DAlane jAte haiN| dUsarI tarapha unakA jIvana dekheM to machaliyoM ko pAnI pilAnevAle apane par3ausI kI tarapha vaha bhUkhA hai yA bImAra hai ! kucha bhI dhyAna nahIM dete haiM / machaliyoM ko pAnI pilAnevAle saTTA aura vyAja Adi ke dhandhoM dvArA mAnava kA khUna pI jAne meM tanika bhI hicakicAte nahI haiN| cIMTiyoM ko ATA DAlanevAle dUsarI ora vidhavA kI dharohara ko ajagara kI bhAMti nigala jAte haiM / yaha saba dekha kara mujhe Azcarya hotA hai ki yaha jainiyoM kI ahiMsA kaisI hai ? 330 jainadharma kI ahiMsA mahAn hai / deza - jAti aura pArivArika jIvana ke nirmANa ke liye vaha eka varadAna ke rUpa meM hamAre sAmane AtI hai / tathApi gAMdhI jaise yugapuruSa ke mAnasa meM jo Anta dhAraNA bana gaI usakA uttaradAyitva una logoM para hai jo ahiMsA dharma kI 'jaya ho' ke nAre to lagAte haiM; kintu nija jIvana kA eka kaNa bhI usa se chUne nahI dete / vastutaH jaina ahiMsA kI lokapriyatA aura mArmikatA se anabhijJa aura yathArtha rUpase use jIvana meM na lAnevAle logoM ke dikhAvaTI kAranAmoM se hI ahiMsA kI yaha durdazA huI hai aura ho rahI hai| ahamadAbAda ke logoM kI ahiMsA ke sambandha meM mahAtmA gAMdhIne jo jikra kiyA hai usake sambandha meM mujhe adhika kucha nahIM kahanA hai| jaina darzana kA jahAMtaka maine adhyayana kiyA hai usake AdhAra para saMkSepa meM maiM to basa itanA hI kaha sakatA hU~ ki ahamadAbAda ke logoM kI ahiMsA jainadarzana kI ahiMsA nahIM hai| jaina darzana meM aisI paMgu aura andhI ahiMsA kA koI sthAna nahIM hai / jaina darzana cIMTiyoM aura machaliyoM kI rakSA kI preraNA avazya karatA hai, kintu vaha cIMTiyoM aura machaliyoM ke sAtha - sAtha mAnava-jIvana kI rakSA ko apekSAkRta adhika mahatva pradAna karatA hai| mAnava-jIvana ko jaina darzanane sarvopari sthAna diyA hai / ekendriya jIvana kI apekSA paJcendriya jIvana kI rakSA sarvaprathama hai / yahI jainatva hai - yahI jaina saMskRti kA amara svara hai / rASTrapitA mahAtmA gAMdhI vidhavAoM kI dharohara ajagara kI taraha nigala jAne vAle logoM ko bhale hI jainI kaheM, kintu jaina darzana unheM jaina nahIM kahatA /
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________________ saMskRti jIvana aura ahiMsA / aise logoM kA jIvana jainatva se kosoM dUra hai / aise logoM ko jainI nahIM kahA jA sktaa| maiM to kahatA hUM-aise loga apane ko jainI kahakara janasva ko lAJchita karate haiM / jaina darzana ko badanAma karate haiN| aise logoM ko cAhiye ki ve apane ko jaina na kaheM-apane ko jaina kahakara logoM kI A~khoM meM dhUla na jhoMke-unheM cAhiye ki ve apane Upara jainatva kA lebala na rakheM / viSa kI zIzI para amRta kA lebala nahIM rakhanA cAhiye / Aja ahiMsA ke saptAha avazya manA liye jAte haiM, kintu hRdayoM meM vaira-virodha kI Aga nirantara jalatI rahatI hai / kahiye-aise kore ahiMsA saptAhoM se mAnava-jagata ko kabhI sukha-zAnti kA lAbha prApta ho sakatA hai ! kadApi nhii| mAnava-jagata meM jaba bhI sukha-zAnti kI sthApanA hotI hai to vaha eka mAtra ahiMsA ke ArAdhana evaM AcaraNa se hI hotI hai| ahiMsA hI duHkhoM kI nAzikA hai aura ahiMsA hI zAnti kI saMsthApikA hai| vastutaH ahiMsA kA netRtva hI mAnava-jagata ko sukhoM ke mahAmandira taka le jA sakatA hai / ahiMsA hI duHkhoM kI nAzikA hai / ahiMsA hI zAnti kI saMsthApikA hai| jIvana aura ahiMsA ina donoM ko mila kara rahanA cAhiye / ina donoM kA sAmaMjasya hI mAnava-jIvana kI saphalatA kA apUrva mahApatha hai| yadi ahiMsA pUrva dizA kI ora jAne ko kahatI hai; kintu mAnava-jIvana pazcima dizA kI ora bar3ha rahA hai-taba bAta nahIM bana skegii| aisI dazA meM duHkhoM kA nAza nahIM hogaa| jo jIvana ahiMsA ko sAtha le kara bar3hatA hai, eka paga bhI ahiMsA ko pIche nahIM jAne detA vahI jIvana apane lakSya ko pA sakatA hai| aura aisA hI jIvana aihalaukika aura pAralaukika duHkhoM kA sarvanAza kara ke mukti ke akhaNDa sukha-sAmrAjya ko upalabdha karane meM saphala ho pAtA hai /
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________________ jaina dharma meM striyoM ko samAna adhikAra sAvaliyA vihArI lAla varmA ema. e, bI. ela, ema. ela. sI. anAdi kAla se saMsAra meM striyoM para anyAya aura atyAcAra hotA AyA hai| yadyapi veda ke mantroM ke dRSTA katipaya striyAM huIM, tathApi vaidika kAla meM bhI striyoM ko puruSoM kI tulanA meM samAna adhikAra prApta nahIM thaa| paurANika kAla meM to striyoM kI jIvanaparyanta puruSoM ke AdhIna rahane kI vyavasthA kI gaI aura veda aura zAstra ke par3hane ke adhikAra se ve vaJcita rakhI gyiiN| ___ kintu bhArata ke mahAn dharmapravartakoM meM eka bhagavAn mahAvIra svAmIne hI striyoM ko puruSoM ke samAna adhikAra diyaa| Apa samajhate the ki sanyAsa kA, brahmacarya kA, mokSa kA adhikAra samAnarUpa se strI aura puruSa ko hai / ataH mahAvIra svAmI kI saMghavyavasthA adbhuta thii| Apane prArambha se hI cAra saMgha banAye theH--( 1 ) muni ( sAdhu ) ( 2 ) AryikA ( sAdhvI ) ( 3 ) zrAvaka aura ( 4 ) shraavikaa| cAroM saMghoM kA svataMtra aura dRr3ha saMgaThana thaa| unake netA bhI bhinna-bhinna the / isI saMgha-vyavasthAne Aja bhI jainadharma ko bhArata meM jItA jAgatA rakhA hai| jahA~ prAyaH eka hI samaya phalane-phUlanevAlA aura dUrastha saMsAra meM vistRtarUpa se phailanevAlA bauddhadharma bhArata se prAyaH vilupta ho gyaa| vahA~ yh| isakA mukhya kAraNa mahAvIra svAmI kA prArambha se hI striyoM aura puruSoM kA samAna sammAna aura adhikAra kI bhAvanA evaM vyavasthA thii| Apane muni aura zrAvaka ke sAtha mahilAoM ke lie sirpha AryikA aura zrAvikA saMgha kI sthApanA hI nahIM kI, kintu gRhastha mahilAoM ko zAstra par3hane kA pUrNa adhikAra diyA / Apane jaba saMgha sthApita kiyA taba pramukhapada eka mahilA candanabAlA ko diyaa| isI kAraNa jainadharma meM strI-puruSa ko saba jagaha samAna adhikAra prApta hai| mahAvIra svAmI ke samaya meM jhN| 14000 muni ( zramaNa ) the vahAM 36000 AryikAeM thIM aura isI prakAra 1,69000 zrAvakoM kI tulanA meM 3.18000 zrAvikAe~ thIM / saMsAra ke kisI dharma ke puruSa sAdhu-santoM kI tulanA meM strI sAdhvI-saMtaniyoM kI saMkhyA kabhI barAbara bhI nahIM huI, adhika honA to dUra kI bAta hai| jaina granthoM meM varNita subhadrA kI kathA se spaSTa rUpa se jJAta hotA hai ki mahAvIra svAmI ke dharma viSayaka adhikAra striyoM ko puruSoM ke samAna hI dene ke pariNAmasvarUpa subhadrA vivAhitA (42)
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________________ saMskRti jaina dharma meM striyoM ko samAna adhikAra | 333 ramaNI hone para gRhastha santanI ho sakI aura apane pativrata dharma ke sAtha-sAtha apane dharma meM aTala niSThA rakhane ke kAraNa apane ubhaya parivAra kI kIrti aura maryAdA bar3hAne meM saphala huI / kathA nimna prakAra hai / campAnagara meM nivAsa karanevAle pratiSThita seTha jinadAsa kI subhadrA nAmaka anupama sundarI aura jinadharmaparAyaNA putrI thI / vaha gRhastha rUpa se apane pitA-mAtA ke sAtha rahate hue namaskAra mantra smaraNapUrvaka donoM samaya subaha - sAma sAmAyika, pratikramaNa karatI thI aura arhanta bhagavAn kA sadA smaraNa kiyA karatI thI / eka samaya eka pathika usakI rUpa - lAvaNyazIlatA aura yauvana Adi samasta guNoM para mohita ho gayA aura usako prApta karane ke abhiprAya se jainadharmAvalambI nahIM hone para bhI pratidina yathAkAla sAmAyika, pratikramaNa Adi guruvandanA taka kI samasta kriyAeM karane lagA / isa ADambarapUrNa AcaraNa se jinadAsa usakI ora AkRSTa ho gayA / purAnA niyama thA ki jo vara 1 kula, 2 dhana, 3 vaya, 4 vidyA, 5 dharma, 6 zIla aura 7 sundaratA ina sAta guNoM se yukta ho use pitA samasta guNoM se yukta rUpa aura lAvaNya se bharapUra kanyA deve| jinadAsa usake dikhAI dharmAtmApana se AkRSTa to ho gae, kintu unheM nahIM mAlUma huA ki chadmavezI navayuvaka buddhadAsa kapaTa kara rahA hai aura bauddhamate kA anuyAyI hai / usane use jainadharma kA kaTTara anuyAyI samajhakara bhadrA subhadrA ko vivAhavidhi se zIghra pradAna karake vividha prakAra ke ratna, suvarNa, hIre Adi ke AbhUSaNa, dAsa, dAsI, Asana, yAna Adi tathA dharmopakaraNoM se zobhAyamAna karake kula kI rIti ke anusAra use sammAna ke sAtha sasurAla bheja dI / vahAM para bhI subhadrAne sAmAyika, pratikramaNa niyamapUrvaka ubhayakAla jArI rakkhA aura sAtha-sAtha jIvarakSA, abhayadAna tathA supAtradAna karatI rahI / subhadrA kI sAsa buddha dharma kI kaTTara anuyAyI thI / usane kahA, "beTI ! apane ghara meM buddhadeva kI upAsanA hotI hai| tuma bhI unhIM kI upAsanA kiyA kro| " jaba sAsane isa prakAra kahA taba use pati kA sArA kapaTapUrNa rahasya samajha meM A gayA / usane nizcaya kiyA ki daivagati se anahonI bhavitavyatA ho gayI to bhI apanA dharma tyAga nahIM karanA cAhie | ataH vaha apane pati kI sevA meM saMlagna rahakara pativrata dharmapAlana karatI huI apane dharmakArya para aTala rhii| cUMke vaha sadAcAriNI aura suzIlA thI; apane kula se viruddha usakA AcaraNa dekhakara sAsa yadyapi subhadrA para kur3hatI thI tathApi vaha vinA kisI kAraNa kucha kara nahIM sakatI thI / 1 kaI granthoM meM use zivabhakta likhA hai /
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________________ 334 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-praya darzana aura saMyogavaza kucha kAla vyatIta hone para eka mahAn jinakalpI-muni gocarI ke lie subhadrA ke ghara padhAre / vaha jyoMhi bhikSA dene ke lie samIpa AI tyoMhi usane dekhA ki munirAja ke netra meM rajakaNa par3a gayA hai| usase netra ko hAni pahuMca sakatI thii| ataH usane bar3I caturAI se jIbha dvArA vaha nikAla diyaa| usa samaya donoM ke mastaka bhir3a gaye the| isa lie subhadrA ke lalATa meM lagA kuMkuma muni ke lalATa meM bhI laga gyaa| sAsa ko manacAhA maukA milA aura usane apane putra ko dikhAte hue kahA ki kulaTAne kula kalasita kiyA hai / subhadrA ko jaba isa jhUThI lAMchanA kI khabara milI taba vaha zAnti ke sAtha kAyotsarga karane ke lie dhyAnadhara kara baiTha gyii| _prabhAta hone para dvArapAla jaba nagara kA phATaka kholane gayA taba usake lAkha payatna karane para bhI kivAr3a hile taka nhiiN| saba Azcaryacakita ho gae / rAjA jitazatru ko bhI isakI khabara phuNcii| usI samaya AkAzavANI huI-" yadi koI pativratA, dharmaniSThA aura zIlavatI strI kacce dhAge se calanI meM pAnI nikAlakara sIMce taba phATaka khula sakate haiM, anyathA nahIM / " AkAzavANI sunakara apane ko satI samajhanevAlI bahuta aurateM AI, magara saba niSphala huii| anta meM subhadrA isameM saphala huii| striyoM ko dIkSA dene ke viSaya meM bhagavAna buddha ko bhI Dara thA, kintu mahAvIra svAmI isa bAta meM nirbhaya the| mahAvIra svAmI ke jIvanakAla hI meM lAkhoM strI sanyAsiniyAM puruSoM kI taraha dharmapracAra meM saMlagna thiiN| jo cAra saMgha the unameM muni zramaNa aura sAdhvI zramaNI kahe jAte the aura zrAvaka aura zrAvikA gRhasthAzrama meM rahakara dharmakArya karate the / Aja bhI zramaNikAeM dharmapracAra karatI haiN| inakA kartavya hai ki gRhastha jainoM ke gharoM meM jAMya aura ceSTA kareM ki jaina nI, badhU, kanyA ko ucita zikSA tathA upadeza mileN| kanyA-zikSA ke liye ve bahuta prayatnazIla rahatI haiM / jaina strI-yatiyoM kA yaha kArya saba dharmAvalambiyoM ke lie anukaraNIya hai| uparokta kathA kI nAyikA subhadrA isI koTi kI gRhastha ramaNI thii| gRhastha dharma meM sthita rahakara aura Adarza pativratA nArI rahate hue hI vaha apane dharma para dRr3ha raha sakI aura apane kalyANa ke sAtha-sAtha kula aura jAti ke mukha ko usane ujjvala kiyA / yaha saba mahAvIra svAmI kI udAra bhAvanA kA phala thaa| jisakI tulanA saMsAra ke dhArmika athavA itara itihAsa meM milanA durlabha hai|
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________________ sAMkhya aura jainadharma vidyAbhAskara zrI udayavIra zAstrI, pradhAnAcArya zrI zArdUla saMskRta vidyApITha, bikAnera isa laghukAya lekha meM jainadharma ke itihAsa athavA usakI prAcInatA, arvAcInatA Adi ke viSaya meM kucha prakAza DAlane kA hamArA lakSya nahIM hai / yahA~ kevala jainadharma kI katipaya mAnyatAoM kA sAMkhya-vicAradhArA ke sAtha sAmaJjasya athavA asAmaJjasya kA pradarzana karanA hI isa lekha kA uddezya hai| jainadharma ' isa pada ke do artha kiye jA sakate haiM yA samajhe jA sakate haiN| eka 'jina' nAmaka devatA ko mAnanevAle vyaktiyoM kA dharma arthAt 'jina' ko devatA mAnanevAle jaina unakA jo bhI koI dharma hai vaha jainadharma hai / parantu isIkA dUsarA artha isa prakAra kiyA jAtA hai jo pahale se kucha adhika mahattvapUrNa pratIta hotA hai / vaha hai-'jina' ke dvArA kahA huA dharma-abhiprAya yaha ki 'jina' ne jisa dharma kA pravacana kiyA, upadeza diyA, vahI jainadharma hai| 'jina' kisI eka vyaktivizeSa kA nAma nahIM hai| pratyeka vyakti apane kAmakrodhAdi Atmika vikAroM para pUrNa vijaya prApta karane se isa avasthA yA pada ko prApta kara letA hai aura vahI 'jina' kahA jAtA hai / isa prakAra ye ' jina ' kisI Izvara ke avatAra nahIM, pratyuta sAdhAraNa jIva hI apane bala, pauruSa ke AdhAra para isa sthiti ko prApta kara lete haiM / pratyeka jIva kA apanA svAbhAvika guNa hai-anantajJAna, anantadarzana, anantasukha aura anantabala / jaba jIva kAma, krodhAdi vikAroM aura unake kAraNa-karmoM se ghirA rahatA hai, taba usake ye svAbhAvika guNa antarhita rahate haiM, prakaTa nahIM ho pAte / ina para vijaya prApta kara lene para vaha avasthA A jAtI hai / jainadharma meM 'jina' kI vahI sthiti hai jo aura dharmoM meM paramAtmA kI samajhI jAtI hai / isa prakAra vizeSa avasthA meM pratyeka jIva paramAtmA bana sakatA hai / 'jina'bana jAne para arthAt kAma, krodha, rAga, dveSa Adi ke naSTa ho jAne para usake svAbhAvika guNa prakAza meM A jAte haiM aura vaha sarvajJa ho jAtA hai, sarvazakti ho jAtA hai / usa avasthA meM diye gaye upadeza prAmANika hote haiM / kyoM ki do hI kAraNoM se koI kahI gaI bAta azuddha ho sakatI hai-eka ajJAna ke kAraNa, dUsarI rAga-dveSAdi ke kAraNa / yaha sthiti 'jina' jIva meM nahIM rhtii| isa liye unake upadeza azuddha na hone ke kAraNa prAmANika samajhe jAte haiN| (43)
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________________ 336 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura pratyeka dharma ke do aMga hote haiM-AcAra aura vicAra / jaina ke AcAra kA mUla hai ahiMsA aura vicAra kA mUla hai syAdvAda / pahale hama yahAM prathama aMga ko le kara hI kucha vicAra prastuta karate haiM / jainadharma AcAra kI dRSTi se kisI prANI-jIvana ke sAtha khilavAr3a nahIM karanA cAhatA / isa viSaya meM usakA mUlabhUta upadeza ahiMsA hai| saba ko saba ke jIvanoM kI rakSA karane kI bhAvanA hI isameM antarnihita hai / mana, vacana aura karma kisI bhI taraha se koI anya ko kaSTa na pahuMcA pAve / yadi vaha aisA karatA hai arthAt kaSTa pahuMcAtA hai, apanI suvidhA aura ArAma ke liye dUsare kI upekSA karatA hai to samajhanA cAhiye ki vaha adharma kA hI AcaraNa karatA hai aura taba usa adharma kA phala bhogane ke liye bhI use taiyAra rahanA cAhiye / abhiprAya yaha hai ki cAhe vaha kisI bhAvanA se bhI hiMsA kA prayoga kare, use usa adharmAcaraNa kA phala bhoganA hI hogaa| ahiMsA kI isa bhAvanA ko sAMkhya ne pahale hI bahuta mahatva diyA hai / vaidika karmAnuSThAna yadyapi mUla meM sarvathA ahiMsAtmaka rahe haiM, para mAnava kI durbalatAoMne use aneka aMzoM meM hiMsAyukta banA diyaa| taba samAja meM eka vivAda UTha khar3A huA ki isameM zreyaskara kyA hai ! usa ati prAcInakAla ke samAja ke katipaya netAoM kA yaha vicAra sAmane AyA ki vaidika kamArnuSThAnoM meM hiMsA vidheya hai, isa liye vaha adharmAcaraNa nhiiN| aura isa liye usakA duHkharUpa phalabhoga bhI nahIM hogaa| unakI dRSTi se vidheya hone ke kAraNa vastutaH use hiMsA hI nahIM mAnA jAnA cAhiye, taba usake duHkharUpa phala bhoga kA prazna hI nahIM uThatA / ina bhAvanAoM ke viparIta sAMkhya meM vidheya hiMsA ko bhI vastubhUta hiMsA mAnA gayA hai| usakA duHkharUpa phalabhoga nizcita hai| isa prakAra kI hiMsA kA bhI anuSThAna karake usake duHkharUpa phala se vacA nahIM jA sktaa| sAMkhya meM usakA vivecana isa prakAra hai-'mA hiMsyAt sarvabhUtAni ' 'sarvANi bhUtAni mitrasya cakSuSA samIkSantAm ' ' ahiMsA paramodharmaH zrutyuktaH smAta eva ca ' ityAdi aneka zruti-smRti vAkyoM meM ahiMsA ko parama saMmAnya dharma svIkAra kiyA gayA hai / parantu katipaya yAgoM meM bali kA vidhAna dRSTigocara hotA hai / ' agniSobhIyaM pazumAlameta bhUtikAmaH' / yaha nizcita hai ki isa prakAra ke vAkya veda kI mUla saMhitAoM meM kahIM upalabdha nahIM hote / isa liye ina vAkyoM kI apekSAkRta prAmANikatA meM saMdeha kiyA jA sakatA hai| para isameM saMdeha nahIM ki koI aisA samaya avazya vedAnuyAyI samAja meM rahA hai, jaba vaha svabhAva-sulabha mAnava durbalatAoM kI pravRttiyoM ke vazIbhUta ho kara ArSa sadupadezoM ko bhI icchAnusAra apane manamAne rUpa meM samajha kara usI ke anusAra AcaraNa karane lgaa| sAMkhya meM mAnavapravRtti kI dRSTi se hI isa viSaya para vicAra kiyA gayA hai| katipaya
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________________ saMskRti sAMkhya aura jainadharma / 337 AcAryoMne ina vAkyoM ke AdhAra para yAgAnuSThAnoM meM vidhiprApta pazubali ko vizuddha dharma kA hI rUpa mAna liyA hai aura usako hiMsA kI koTi se bAhara nikAla diyA hai / mUla veda kI dRr3ha ahiMsA bhAvanA ke sAtha isakA sAmaMjasya karane ke liye utsarga aura apavAda niyamoM kA upayoga kiyA hai / unakA vicAra hai ki veda meM ahiMsA kI bhAvanA utsarga arthAt sAmAnya niyama hai / kisI vizeSa niyama se usakI bAdhA ho jAtI hai / sAmAnya vAkya vizeSa vAkya ke kSetra ko chor3a kara hI pravRtta hotA hai / isa prakAra yAgIya pazubali ko veda viruddha na samajha kara use dharma kA rUpa diyA gayA hai / sAMkhya ina vicAroM ko isa rUpa meM svIkAra nahIM krtaa| usakA kahanA hai ki jaba ahiMsA hI parama dharma hai to kisI prakAra kI bhI hiMsA ko adharma ke kSetra se bAhara nahIM lAyA jA sakatA / yadi kisIne pazubali ko yAgAnuSThAna meM upayogI batalAyA hai to bhale hI usase yAga sampanna kara liyA jAve, para vaha apane svarUpa meM hiMsA avazya haiM aura vaha adharma hai / kisI bhI prANI ko kaSTa pahuMcAne kI sthiti, cAhe vaha yAga ke liye ho yA yAga se anyatra, donoM jagaha eka samAna hI hai / jaba eka vyakti AmiSa kA prayoga karatA hai to usakA bhI udarapUrti meM upayoga hai / yAga meM upayoga yAga ko sampanna karegA, udarapUrti meM upayoga usako pUrA kregaa| vaha hiMsA kA svarUpa donoM jagaha sarvathA eka hai / isaliye khAlI yAga yA devatA kA nAma hiMsA ko ahiMsA banAne meM bacanA nahIM ho sakatA / sAMkhya kA aisA vicAra ahiMsA meM usakI parama niSThA ko prakaTa karatA hai / jainadharma meM vicAra kA mUla syAdvAda hai| yaha nizcita hai ki sAMkhya meM isa prakAra kI bicArazailI ko svIkAra nahIM kiyA gayA / para apanI-apanI vicArazailiyoM ke AdhAra para jo pariNAma prakaTa kiye gaye haiM una para thor3A dRSTipAta kIjiye / jainadharma ke vicAra jisa STa ko lekara calate haiM, usake anusAra samasta vizva ke mUlabhUta tattva do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiye gaye haiM - eka jIva tattva, dUsarA ajIva arthAt jar3a tattva / sAMkhya meM bhI mUlabhUta tattvoM ko do bhAgoM meM bAMTA gayA haiM, yadyapi unake liye nAmapada alaga haiM, para unakA artha vahI hai / sAMkhya meM puruSa aura prakRti ye do prakAra ke mUla tattva mAne gaye haiM / puruSa cetana tattva hai tathA prakRti jar3a tattva hai / cetana aura jar3a do prakAra ke svatantra tattvoM ko svIkAra karane ke kAraNa hI sAMkhya vaidika darzanoM meM dvaitavAdI samajhA jAtA hai / isa prakAra ye donoM darzana vizva ko sulajhAne ke liye jina AdhArabhUta athavA mUlabhUta tattva ko lekara calate haiM, ve donoM jagaha samAna hI pratIta hote haiM / 43
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura jaina dharma kI mAnyatAoM ke anusAra saMsAra kI pratyeka vastu parivartanazIla hai| isameM utpAda aura vinAza huA karate haiN| para isa parivartana ke sAtha usameM ekarUpatA bhI banI rahatI hai / usa ekarUpatA ke AdhAra para hI hama honevAle parivartanoM ko pahacAnate haiM / isa prakAra vastu yA dravya tIna rUpa meM hamAre sAmane Ate hai-utpAda, vinAza aura dhauvya / utpAda aura vinAza athavA vyaya ko batalAnevAlI sthiti jaina dharma meM paryAya ' kahI jAtI hai aura vaha avasthA jo ina paryAyoM ke calate rahate banI rahatI hai usakA nAma 'guNa' hai| udAharaNa ke liye eka jIva dravya le lIjIye / usake jJAna, sukha Adi guNa haiM aura nara, nArakI Adi paryAya haiM / phalataH pratyeka dravya guNa aura paryAya kA svarUpa hai| cAhe isako sat kahA jAya athavA utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya se saMyukta kahA jAya / eka hI bAta hai / isa meM eka ke kahane se dUsarI kA kathana svataH ho jAtA hai / isa prakAra dravya sat hai, dravya utsAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya se saMyukta hai athavA dravya guNa aura paryAya kA Azraya yA svarUpa hai / ina saba kathanoM meM eka hI artha pratipAdita hotA hai / parivartanazIlatA meM utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya ko samajhAne ke liye pataJjaline vyAkaraNa mahAbhASya meM likhA hai ki suvarNa piNDa kI kuNDala, rucaka, svastika Adi AkRtiyAM badalatI rahatI haiM, para dravya suvarNa vahAM banA rahatA hai / isa prakAra dravya yA vastu kA svarUpa yathAtmaka hai / kuNDala, rucaka, svastika Adi AkRtiyoM ke AdhAra para utpAda, vinAza aura suvarNa pratyeka avasthA meM bane rahane meM dhrauvya kI sthiti spaSTa hotI hai| vastu kI isa trayAtmakatA ko AcArya samantabhadrane eka udAharaNa dvArA isa prakAra samajhAyA hai| eka rAjA ke eka putra thA aura eka putrI / usake pAsa eka suvarNa ghaTa thaa| putrI usa suvarNa ghaTa ko cAhatI thI / putra cAhatA thA ki isa ghaTa ko tur3avA kara usake liye mukuTa banavA diyA jAya / rAjAne putra ke haTha ko svIkAra kara ghaTa ko tur3avAkara mukuTa banavA diyaa| ghaTa ke nAza se putrI ko duHkha hotA hai| mukuTa ke utpAdase putra ko sukha va prasAda hotA hai / parantu rAjA kevala suvarNa kA icchuka hai| use ghaTa ke TUTane se na duHkha hai aura mukuTa ke utpAda se na sukha / suvarNa vaisA hI banA hai; isaliye ina paryAyoM meM vaha udAsIna hai| AcArya ke isa varNana meM vastu ke vyAtmakatva ( eka ghaTa kA vinAza, mukuTa kA utpAda aura suvarNa kA dhrauvya ) kI do bhAvanA sanmukha AtI haiN| vastu ke isa parivartana svabhAva meM utpAda aura vinAza paryAya hai, suvarNa dhruva hai / dUsarI bhAvanA hai-putrI ko duHkha, putra ko sukha aura rAjA ko audAsInya athavA moha-isa prakAra vastu kI sukha, duHkha, mohAtmakarUpa meM bhI dhyAtmakatA spaSTa hotI hai|
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________________ saMskRti sAMkhya aura jainadharma | 339 1 prakaTa kiyA gayA hai, 9 sAMkhya meM ina bhAvanAoM ko kucha anya zabdoM meM prakaTa kiyA jAtA hai / para usase artha ke pratipAdana meM vizeSa antara nahIM AtA / sAMkhya meM puruSa arthAt cetanatattva ko parivartanazIla nahIM mAnA gayA / sAMkhya kA pariNAmavAda vastu ke parivartana svabhAva kA AdhAra hai / para pariNAma acetana tattva meM hI saMbhava hai / pariNAmavAda ke AdhAra para utpAda, vyaya aura dhauvya kA spaSTIkaraNa kisa prakAra hotA hai-isa kA vicAra kIjIye / jaina dharma meM vastu kI jisa sthiti ko ' paryAya ' pada se sAMkhya meM usake liye ' asat ' zabda kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai / provya ko prakaTa karane ke liye 'jaina dharma meM ' guNa ' pada ke sthAna para sAMkhya meM ' sat ' pada kA prayoga hotA hai / isa prakAra sAMkhyadRSTi se pratyeka jar3atattva kAryarUpa se ' asat ' hai arthAt vastu kA kAryarUpa ' dhruva nahIM hai / jo artha jainadarzana meM ' paryAya ' pada se prakaTa kiyA hai, usakA bodha yahAM 'kArya' athavA 6 asat ' pada se hotA hai / pratyeka jar3atattva kAryarUpa se asat rahate bhI kAraNarUpa se' sat ' rahatA hai / ghaTa TUTa jAne para bhI kAraNa rUpa se sat hai / ghaTa kA kAraNarUpa ghaTa kI AkRti ke rahate bhI rahatA hai aura na rahate bhI banA rahatA hai| isa prakAra vastu ke kAryarUpa meM utpAda, vinAza aura kAraNarUpa meM dhauvya spaSTa hotA hai / sAMkhyadRSTi se samasta pariNAmI jar3a jagat ke tIna mUla tattva haiM - sattva, raja, tamas / ina ko ' triguNa ' kahA jAtA hai / jainadharma meM ' guNa ' zrIvya kA rUpa hai / yahAM bhI samasta pariNAmI jagat traiguNya rUpa meM dhruva hai / isake traiguNya rUpa kA kabhI parivartana nahIM hotaa| jina meM parivartana hotA hai, ve paryAya athavA kArya ananta haiM aura samasta utpAda evaM vinAza unhIM kA rUpa hai / satva, rajas, tamas ko sAMkhya meM sukha-duHkha - mohAtmaka kahA gayA hai| AcArya samantabhadra ke pratipAdana ke anusAra vastu kI vyAtmakatA isa rUpa meM bhI spaSTa hotI hai / I jaina dharma jIva ko cetana, karttA va bhoktA mAnatA hai / cetanA jIva kA asAdhAraNa lakSaNa hai / vaha jAnane va dekhane Adi ke rUpa meM prakaTa hotI hai / yaha cetanA athavA jJAna jIva kA svarUpa hI hai / jaina dRSTi se caitanya, jJAna meM koI paryAya -bheda nahIM hai aura jIva kA svarUpa ina se koI bhinna nahIM hai / harSa-viSAda, rAga-dveSa Adi aneka paryAyavAlA jJAna athavA cetanasvarUpa eka AtmA hI anubhava se siddha hotA hai / caitanya, buddhi, jJAna, adhyavasAya Adi saba usIke paryAya kahe jAte haiM / ataH jIva athavA AtmA cetana - jJAnasvarUpa hI mAnA jAtA hai / usakI do avasthA hotI haiM - eka bahirmukha, dUsarI antarmukha / jaba yaha padArtha ko grahaNa karatA hai, taba vaha bahirmukha hai, yaha usakA jJAna svarUpa hai / isa avasthA meM 'yaha ghaTa hai, yaha paTa haiM ityAdi rUpa se vastu kI vyavasthA hotI hai / antarmukha '
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________________ 340 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka -graMtha darzana aura avasthA meM bAhya vastu kA grahaNa nahIM hotA aura vahAM ghaTa-paTa Adi kI vyavasthA nahIM rahatI / isa avasthA ko 'darzana' bhI kahA jAtA hai / yaha jJAna tathA darzana AtmA kA svabhAva hai / ina ko AtmA se pRthak mAnane para AtmA kA svarUpa jar3a raha jAyagA jo jaina dharma meM mAnya nahIM hai / isI rUpa meM AtmA ko karttA mAnA jAtA hai| ' maiM dekhatA hUM, maiM sunatA hUM ' ityAdi pratIti pratyeka puruSa ko hotI hai, ataH AtmA kA kartRtva anubhavasiddha hai / isI prakAra AtmA sukha, duHkha Adi kA bhoktA bhI hai / sukha, duHkha Adi kI anubhUti hI bhoga hai / aura anubhUti caitanya se atirikta koI vastu nahIM / anubhUti cetana kA hI svabhAva hai; ataH AtmA ko hI sukha, duHkha Adi kA bhoktA mAnA jAtA hai / phalataH jaina dharma ke anusAra AtmA cetana, karttA tathA bhoktA svIkAra kiyA gayA hai / sAMkhya meM AtmA ke aise hI svarUpa kA patA lagatA hai / yahAM AtmA nityazuddha, nityabuddha aura nityamukta mAnA gayA hai / nitya zuddha kA abhiprAya hai ki sukha, duHkha Adi kA bhoga karane athavA rAga, dveSa Adi kI anubhUti dazA meM bhI AtmA ke apane svaccha zuddha svabhAva meM kisI prakAra kA antara yA vikAra Adi doSa nahIM AtA / lAla raMga gur3ahala phUla ( japA kusuma ) kI chAyA svaccha zubhra maNi meM par3ane para maNi lAla pratIta hotI hai, para vastutaH usa samaya bhI maNi lAla nahIM hai, pratyuta svaccha zubha hI hai / yadi aisA na ho to usameM lAla raMga kI chAyA kI pratIti ho hI nahIM sakatI / usa avasthA meM bhI maNi ko svaccha zubha mAnanA anivArya hai / na kevala mAnanA, apitu vAstavikatA hI yaha hai / isI prakAra zuddha cetana AtmA ko prakRti ke sAtha yoga meM buddhi Adi dvArA sukha-duHkha Adi kI samasta anubhUtiyAM hotI haiM / anubhUti hI AtmA kA svarUpa hai aura yahI pramANa hai ki isa sthiti meM bhI AtmA apane zuddha cetana svarUpa ko parityAga nahIM karatA, anyathA anubhUti kA honA asaMbhava hai / isI kAraNa AtmA nityabuddha bhI hai arthAt nitya cetanasvarUpa hai / usakI yaha avasthA kabhI kisI prakAra bhI vikAra athavA anyathA bhAvako prApta nahIM hotI / yaha vicAra sAMkhya ke viSaya meM prasiddha hai ki AtmA sukha, duHkha Adi kA bhoktA hai / para AcAryoM ne bhoktRtva ke svarUpa kA vibhinna rUpoM meM varNana kiyA hai| AtmA ko sukha, duHkhAdi kA vAstavika bhoga hotA hai - isa AdhAra ko lekara prativAdiyoMne sAMkhya para yaha AkSepa kiye haiM ki isa avasthA meM AtmA vikArI kyoM nahIM hotA / mUla sAMkhya meM ( cidabasAno bhogaH, sAM. sU. 1 / 68 ) yahIM pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai ki sAkSAt cetana AtmA
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________________ saMskRti sAMkhya aura jainadharma / ko hI bhoga hotA hai, anya buddhi Adi ko nahIM / parantu prativAdiyoM ke AkSepa se parAhata samajhakara tAtkAlika sAMkhya ke vyAkhyAkAra AcAryoMne AtmA ke bhoga kI anyathA vyAkhyA kara DAlI / unake vicAra se samasta bhoga buddhi meM hote haiN| para buddhi svabhAvataH acetana hai| usameM svataH kisI prakAra ke bhoga kA sAmarthya saMbhava nhiiN| jaba cetana kI chAyA ke ApAdana se usameM yaha zakti ho jAtI hai, taba buddhi ke bhoga ko hI prAnti se AtmA apanA samajhatA hai| aisA una AcAryoMne svIkAra kiyA aura apane vicAra se unhoMne AtmA ko vikArI hone se bacA liyaa| yadi isa pratipAdana ko thor3A sUkSma dRSTi se dekhA jAya to yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki una AcAryoMne vastusthiti ko zIrSAsana karA diyA hai| AIye, isa para vicAra kIjiye / sAMkhya kA adhyayana karanevAlA pratyeka vyakti isa bAta ko acchI taraha jAnatA hai ki prakRti kI samasta sRSTi-racanA ' parArtha' hai / 'parArtha' pada ke abhiprAya se koI sAMkhyAdhyetA aparicita nahIM rhtaa| 'para' AtmA hai, usake liye hI yaha samasta jagat kI racanA hai| dUsare rUpa meM isI artha ko isa prakAra varNana kiyA gayA hai ki AtmA ke bhoga aura apavargarUpa prayojana ko pUrA karane ke liye jagat kI racanA hai| aba una AcAryoM ke anusAra yadi vAstavika bhoga buddhi ko hotA hai to prakRti kI sRSTi-racanA 'parArtha' kahAM rahI ! buddhi to prakRti kA hI rUpa hai / yadi vastutaH usIke liye yaha bhoga hai to yaha racanA 'svArtha' hogaI, 'parArtha ' nahIM rahI, phira buddhi meM bhoga kA svataH sAmarthya nahIM / cetana usake bhoga ke liye chAyA ApAdana karatA hai aura use bhoga karane kA sAmarthya detA hai| isa rUpa meM cetana buddhi ke upayoga meM Ane kA eka sAdhana mAtra raha jAtA hai / jaba ki AtmA sAdhya aura buddhi sAdhana thI / ina AcAryoMne AtmA ko vikAra se bacAne ke dhokhe meM use sAdhya se sAdhanamAtra banA DAlA / jisa AtmA ke liye yaha saba prakRti thI, aba vaha AtmA hI prakRti ke liye sAdhAraNa upayoga mAtra kI vastu raha gyaa| isa liye vastusthiti yaha hai ki AtmA ko bhoga honA hI isa bAta ko spaSTa karatA hai ki AtmA ke apane svarUpa meM kisI prakAra kA antara yA vikAra nahIM AyA hai| kyoMki bhoga kevala anubhUti hai aura yaha AtmA kA apanA svarUpa hai / yadi AtmA apane svarUpa se cyuta ho jAya to bhoga asaMbhava hai / bhoga AtmA ke apane vAstavika svarUpa meM avasthita hone kA pramANa hai / madhyakAlika vyAkhyAkAra AcAryoMne 'buddhi' ko AtmA banA diyA aura AtmA ko buddhi-sthAna meM lA paTakA / isa prakAra vastusthiti ko zIrSAsana karA diyA gyaa| - bhoktA hone ke samAna AtmA kA bhI hai / sAMkhyadRSTi se AtmA ke kartRtva ke AdhAra
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________________ phara zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura para vidvAnoM ma bahuta bhrAnti hai / sAdhAraNa rUpa meM yaha samajhA jAtA hai ki sAMkhya AtmA ko 'bhoktA ' to mAnatA hai, para ' kartA ' nahIM maantaa| para yaha bhI eka sAdhAraNa bAta hai ki AtmA ko bhoktA mAna kara use 'kartA' mAnane se kaise nakAra kiyA jA sakatA hai / 'bhoktA' meM hI to kartA antarniviSTa hai / bhoga kA 'kartA' hI bhoktA hai / taba bhoktA mAnakara kartA mAnane se nakAra kaise ! vastusthiti yaha hai ki AtmA ke viSaya meM Aye sAMkhya ke 'akartA' pada ko ThIka samajhane kA yatna nahIM kiyA gayA / sAdhAraNatayA kisI bhI kriyA ke karane meM svatantra arthAt anyanirapekSa honA kartRtva kahA jAtA hai / para sAMkhya meM jaba hama isakA vicAra karate haiM to do bhAvanA sanmukha AtI haiM-eka adhiSThAtRtva kI aura dUsarI upAdAna kI arthAt sAMkhya meM adhiSThAtA bhI kartA hai aura upAdAna bhI / kAraNa yaha hai ki kisI bhI artha ko aneka prakAra se prastuta kiyA jA sakatA hai / prakRti se jagata banatA hai, maTTI se ghar3A banatA hai, suvarNa se kuNDala banatA hai / ina sthaloM meM prakRti, maTTI, suvarNa kA spaSTa hI upAdAna rUpa meM varNana kiyA gayA hai| isI artha ko eka anya prakAra se upasthita kiyA jA sakatA hai / prakRti jagat bana jAtI hai, maTTI ghar3A bana jAtI hai, suvarNa kuNDala bana jAtA hai| yahAM para prakRti, maTTI aura suvarNa-jagat, ghar3A aura kuNDala ke upAdAna hI haiM, para jisa DhaMga se vAkya meM unakA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, usase unakI sthiti 'kartA' rUpa meM prakaTa hotI hai| prakRti, mRt tathA suvarNa vAkya meM kartA hote hue bhI kAryakSetra meM ve jagat Adi ke upAdAna hI haiN| isakA pariNAma yaha nikalA ki sAMkhya meM jahAM kahIM prakRti ko 'kA' batAyA gayA hai vahAM usake kartRtva kA yahI abhiprAya hai arthAt vaha upAdAna rUpa artha kA pratipAdaka hai| isI bhAva ko lekara isa ke viparIta AtmA ko ' akartA ' batAyA gayA hai| kyoMki AtmA kisI kArya kA upAdAna nahIM hai| upAdAna vahI tattva ho sakatA hai jo pariNAmI hai, AtmA aisA nahIM hai / phalataH jaba upAdAna ke artha meM ' kartR' pada kA prayoga hotA hai, taba prakRti kartA aura AtmA akartA kahe jAte haiM / isI AdhAra para sAMkhyasaptati kI jayamaMgalA vyAkhyA meM puruSa ko akartA batAte hue likhA hai-'nirguNasya puruSasyAprasavadharmitvAdakartRtvam / guNoM se atirikta puruSa aprasavadharmI hone se 'akartA' kahA jAtA hai / guNa prasavadharmI haiM, isaliye kartA haiM / yahAM ' kartR ' pada upAdAna kI bhAvanA se pariNAmI artha ko kahatA hai / vAcaspatimizrane bhI 18 vIM AryA ke 'akartRbhAvaH ' pada kI yahI vyAkhyA kI hai* aprasavadharmitvAcAkartA / ' parantu dUsarI ora kartRtva kA prayoga adhiSThAtRtva kI bhAvanA ko prakaTa karane ke liye bhI kiyA jAtA hai| jaba hama kahate haiM ki eka cetana ke sAnnidhya
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________________ saMskRti sAMkhya aura jainadharma / 343 meM kisI vastu kA pariNAma hotA hai| to usakA yaha abhiprAya hai ki cetana ke sAnnidhya ke binA usa vastu meM pariNAma ho nahIM sakatA / isaliye apanI sannidhi ke kAraNa vaha cetana usa pariNAma kA sAkSI hai / usako sAMkhya meM adhiSThAtA kahA jAtA hai aura usa pariNAma kA kartA bhI; parantu pariNati kriyA kA vaha AdhAra nahIM hai / usa kriyA kA AdhAra vahI acetana tattva hai jo pariNata ho rahA hai / isa artha ko udAharaNa ke dvArA aise samajhanA cAhiye-jaba kisI indriya kA viSaya ke sAtha samparka hotA hai, taba indriya meM viSaya kI chAyA athavA usakA pratibimba pratiphalita hotA hai aura indriya viSayAkAra ho uThatI hai| yahI indriya kA viSayAkAra pariNAma hai| indriya ke sAtha antaHkaraNa-buddhi kA sAkSAt samparka hai / taba indriya praNAlI se arthAt indriya mArgadvArA vaha viSaya buddhi taka pahuMcatA hai aura buddhi kA viSayAkAra pariNAma ho jAtA hai / yaha pariNAma kI paramparA yahAM samApta ho jAtI hai / para yaha saba prakriyA cetana AtmA kI sannidhi ke vinA saMbhava nahIM / isaliye isa saba prakriyA kA karttA athavA adhiSThAtA cetana AtmA kahA jAtA hai / buddhi usa viSaya ko AtmA meM samarpita kara apanA kArya pUrA kara detI hai| AtmA usa viSaya kA anubhava karatA hai, yahI usakA kartRtva athavA bhoktRtva hai| AtmA jaba usa viSaya kA anubhava karatA hotA hai, taba usakA viSayAkAra pariNAma nahIM ho jaataa| acetana buddhi taka hI pariNAmaparamparA pUrI ho jAtI hai| vastutaH vaha bhI artha ke pratipAdana karane kA eka prakAra mAtra hai| abhiprAya yaha hai ki cetana kA kartRtva pariNAma para AdhArita nahIM hai, parantu acetana meM kartRtva kA kathana sarvathA usake pariNAma para AdhArita hai / isa liye sAMkhya meM jahAM kahIM cetana ko akartA kahA hai, vaha acetana ke pariNAma athavA upAdAnarUpa kartRtva kA hI niSedha hai-cetana ke adhiSThAtRrUpa athavA sAkSirUpa kartRtva kA nahIM / isa liye sAMkhya meM AtmA ke sAtha kahIM akartA kA prayoga honepara isa prAnti meM na par3anA cAhiye ki AtmA ke adhiSThAtRtva kA yaha niSedha kiyA gayA hai / isI prakAra prakRti ke sAtha kartA pada kA prayoga hone para isa bhrama meM na par3anA cAhiye ki prakRti meM adhiSThAtRtva ko aMgIkAra kara liyA gayA hai| phalataH sAMkhya ke vicAra se prakRti meM upAdAnamUlaka kartRtva hai aura cetana AtmA meM adhiSThAtRmUlaka / lekhake kalevara kI vRddhi ke bhaya se yahAM sAMkhya ke isa viSaya ke pramANabhUta ullekhoM kA saMgraha karane kI upekSA kara dI hai| isa prakAra cetanasvarUpa AtmA sAMkhyadRSTi meM bhI kartA aura bhoktA hai / jainadharma ke katipaya AcAravicAroM ko sAMkhya ke santulana para hamane yahAM parIkSaNa kiyA hai / viSaya adhika lambA hai-isa samaya itanA hii|
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________________ upAsakadazAGga sUtra meM sAMskRtika jIvana kI jhAMkI narendrakumAra bhAnAvata upAsakadazAGga sUtra jaina AgamoM meM sAtavA aMga sUtra mAnA jAtA hai / isa sUtra meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ke pramukha dasa zrAvakoM-Ananda, kAmadeva, culanIpitA, surAdeva, cullazataka, kuNDakolika, saddAlaputta, mahAzataka, nandinIpitA, solihipiyA-kA jIvanavRttAnta varNita hai| isa sUtra kA jaba hama mananapUrvaka adhyayana karate haiM taba DhAI hajAra varSa pUrva kI sAMskRtika cetanA hamAre sAmane sAkAra ho uThatI hai| hamArA svarNima atIta zat-zat mukhoM se AtmagAyana karatA dRSTigata hotA hai| zrAvakoM kI jIvana-jhAMkI meM tatkAlIna lokaruci ramata karatI huI, yugIna zilpakalA muskarAtI huI, sAmAjika aizvarya ubharatA huA aura vaiyaktika sAdhanA iThalAtI huI pratIta hotI hai / usa samaya kA sAMskRtika jIvana AkAza ke Adarza ko eka ora apane meM sameTe hue thA to dUsarI ora dharatI kI dhar3akana ko avalambana diye hue thaa| usa samaya kA sAMskRtika jAgaraNa na nirA pravRttimUlaka thA-na nirA nivRttimUlaka, na korA bhautikavAdI thA na kevala AdhyAtmavAdI / pratyuta usa samaya ke sAMskRtika jIvana meM bhautikatA aura AdhyAtmikatA, pravRtti aura nivRtti, Adarza aura yathArtha donoM kA samapAta saMtulana evaM sukhada samanvaya thaa| jaba hama tatkAlIna jana-jIvana kA sUkSma nirIkSaNa aura nikaTatA ke sAtha sparza karate haiM to hameM nimna sAMskRtika vizeSatAoM kA patA calatA hai| nagara-nirmANa kalA-usa samaya kA kalA-kauzala unnati kI carama-sImA para pahuMcA huA thaa| nagara vyApAra ke kendra huA karate the| usa samaya ke nagara prakRti kI goda meM sthita hote the / jaba hama vANijyagrAma nagara kA varNana par3hate haiM to hameM mAlUma hotA hai ki vaha vanoM tathA upavanoM se suzobhita thA, jisake cAroM ora nagara koTa thI, jisakA nirmANa zilpiyoMne kiyA thaa| pratyeka nagara meM caitya hotA thA, jahAM sAdhu-saMnyAsI, zrAvaka Akara darzana karate the| isake alAvA nagaroM meM pauSadhazAlAe~ hotI thIM jahAM zrAvaka pauSadha karate the| kumbhakAroM kI dukAneM nagara se bAhara huA karatI thiiN| saddAlaputta kI pAMca sau dukAneM polAsapura nagara ke bAhara thIM, jina para bahuta se naukara kAma kiyA karate the / usa samaya kI kalA kA ubhAra hameM miTTI ke bartanoM meM bhI milatA hai| saddAlaputta kI dukAnoM meM jala bharane ke
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________________ saMskRti / upAsakadazAha sUtra meM sAMskRtika jIvana kI jhaaNkii| par3e, choTI ghar3aliyAM, kalaza, surAhI, kuMje Adi nAnA prakAra ke bartana bikA karate the| nagara sabhyatA aura saMskRti ke kendra mAne jAte the| sAmAjika aura Arthika jIvana-usa samaya kA sAmAjika jIvana bahuta baDhAcaDhA thA / AnandAdi zrAvakoM kA sAmAjika kAryoM meM vizeSa hAtha rahatA thaa| unakA vyaktitva itanA prabhAvazAlI aura AkarSaka hotA thA ki sarvatra unakI pUcha hotI thii| rAjA Izvara yAkt sArthavAhoM ke dvArA bahuta se kAryoM meM, kAraNoM meM, maMtraNAoM meM, kuTumboM meM, gupta bAtoM meM, rahasyoM meM, nizcayoM meM aura vyavahAroM meM ve eka bAra pUche jAte the, vAra-vAra pUche jAte the| ve apane parivAra ke mer3hI (medhi) pramANa, AdhAra, Alambana, cakSu arthAt patha-pradarzaka pUche aura medhIbhUta yAvat samasta kAryoM ko bar3hAnevAle hote the| unake pAsa dhana-daulata kI kamI na thii| Ananda, nandinIpitA aura zAleyikApitA ke pAsa 12-12 karor3a sonayoM kI sampatti thii| cAra-cAra karor3a sonayAM nidhAnarUpa arthAt khajAne meM thA, cAra-cAra karor3a sonayoM kA vistAra (dvipada, catuSpada, dhana-dhAnya Adi kI sampatti ) thA aura cAra-cAra soneyoM se vyApAra calatA thaa| isake alAvA unake pAsa gAyoM ke cAra-cAra gokula the (eka gokula meM dasa hajAra gAyeM hotI thiiN)| isI prakAra kAmadeva, cullazataka, kuNDakolika ke pAsa 18-18 karor3a sonaye the aura gAyoM ke 6 gokula the| culanIpitA, surAdeva, mahAzataka ke pAsa 24-24 karor3a soneyoM kI sampatti aura ATha 2 gAyoM ke gokula the| saddAlaputra jo jAti kA kumbhakAra thA usake pAsa tIna karor3a sonayoM kI sampatti thI aura dasa hajAra gAyoM kA eka gokula thaa| itanA dhana hote hue bhI ve loga use jamIna meM nahIM gAr3ate the, makkhIcUsa kI bhAMti use eka jagaha ikaTThA karake tAlAba ke pAnI kI taraha usameM sar3Ana utpanna karane kI Adata nahIM thI / pratyuta ve to dhana kA samucita vibhAjana kara alaga 2 kSetra meM use bikhera dete the| usa samaya kA kuMbhakAra bhI kitanA dhanADhya thA aura samAja meM usakI kitanI pratiSThA aura pUcha thI isakA jItA jAgatA pratIka hai zrAvaka saddAlaputta / ve Rddhi aura sampattizAlI hote hue bhI abhimAnI nahIM the| pazupAlana unakA dharma thaa| Aja ke svatantra bhArata meM gAyoM kI jo durdazA ho rahI hai usase pratyeka bhAratIya paricita hai / jaba hama DhAI hajAra varSa pUrva kI ora apanI nigAha daur3Ate haiM aura zrAvakoM ke pAsa dasa-dasa hajAra gAyoMvAle gokula pAte haiM to lajjA aura glAni ke mAre hamArI A~khe muMda jAtI haiN| usa samaya kI saMskRti kitanI dharmaprANa, kitanI karuNAmUlaka, kitanI premamayI rahI hogI ! usameM saralatA, sahRdayatA aura sAtvikatA kA mela kitanA guNakArI siddha huA hogA!
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-preya darzana aura - dhArmika jIvana-usa samaya kA jana-jIvana jaTila evaM bojhila nahIM thaa| dharma ke nAma para pArivArika saMgharSa na hotA thA / yadyapi dhArmika carcA, zAstrArtha evaM vAda-vivAda, tarkAdi bhI hote the / gozAlaka aura saddAlaputta kA vAdavivAda isa bAta kA pratIka hai ki usa samaya dhArmika jagata meM do prakAra kI vicAradhArAaiM pravahamAna thIM / eka niyativAdI, dUsarI purussaarthvaadii| zrAvaka saddAlaputra prArambha meM gozAlaka ( AjIvika mata ) kA anuyAyI thaa| eka dina saddAlaputra apanI andara kI zAlA se gIle miTTI ke bartana nikAla kara sukhAne ke liye dhUpa meM rakha rahA thaa| taba bhagavAnne pUchA ki ye bartana kaise bane haiM ! saddAlaputrane uttara diyA-"bhagavan ! pahale miTTI lAI gaI / usa miTTI meM rAkha Adi milAI gaI aura pAnI se bhigo kara vaha khUba roMdI gii| taba cAka para car3hA kara ye bartana banAye gaye haiN|" taba bhagavAnne pUchA-" ye bartana utthAna, bala, vIrya, puruSAkAra Adi se bane haiM yA binA hI utthAna Adi ke|" saddAlaputrane kahA, " saba padArtha niyata ( honahAra ) se hI hote haiN|" taba bhagavAnne kahA-"yadi koI puruSa tumhAre ina bartanoM ko curA le yA pheMka de, phor3a de athavA tumhArI agnimitrA bhAryA ke sAtha manamAne bhoga bhoge to usa puruSa ko tuma kyA daNDa doge?" saddAlaputrane kahA, "maiM use ulAhanA dUMgA, DaMDe se mArUMgA, yahAM taka ki prANa bhI le luuN|" bhagavAnne kahA-" tumhArI mAnyatA ke anusAra to na koI puruSa tumhAre bartana curAtA hai, phor3atA hai, pheMkatA hai aura na koI tumhArI bhAryA ke sAtha kAma-bhoga bhogatA hai; kintu jo kucha hotA hai saba bhavitavyatA se hI ho jAtA hai| phira tuma usa puruSa ko daNDa kyoM dete ho ! ataH tumhArI mAnyatA mithyA hai|" isase saddAlaputra ko bodha hotA hai aura vaha mahAvIra kA anuyAyI ho jAtA hai / isake bAda jaba gozAlaka usake pAsa AtA hai to vaha kisI prakAra usakA Adara-satkAra nahIM karatA / taba gozAlaka bhagavAn mahAvIra kA ' mahAmAhaNa', 'mahAgopaM ', ' mahAsArthavAha', ' mahAdharmArthI ', ' mahAniryAmaka ' ke rUpa meM guNAnuvAda karatA hai| isase prabhAvita ho kara sadAlaputra gozAlaka ko pITha, phalaka, zayyA, saMstAraka Adi detA hai| kintu koI dharma yA tapa samajha kara nhiiN| isI prakAra kuMDakolikane devatA ko niruttara kara diyaa| jaba devatAne usase kahA ki gozAlaka kI dharmaprajJapti sundara hai; kyoM ki usameM utthAna, karma, bala, vIrya, puruSAkAra, parAkrama kucha bhI nhiiN| saba padArtha niyata haiM aura mahAvIra kI dharmaprajJapti sundara nahIM hai, kyoM ki usameM ukta sabhI guNa haiM aura niyata kucha bhI nahIM hai| isa bAta ko suna kara dRDhadharmI zrAvaka kuNDakolikane jo prazna kiyA vaha kitanA tArkika evaM saTIka hai / zrAvakane deva se pUchA-" tumheM jo divya Rddhi, divya kAnti aura divva devAnubhAva prApta huA hai-kyA binA hI
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________________ - upAsakadazAMGga sUtra meM sAMskRtika jIvana kI jhAMkI / 347 puruSArtha ke prApta ho gayA !" devane kahA, "hA~ binA hI puruSArtha ke prApta ho gyaa|" taba kuMDakolikane kahA, "yadi aisA hai to phira jina jIvoM meM utthAna, puruSArtha Adi nahIM haiM aise vRkSa, pASANa Adi deva kyoM nahIM ho jAte ! ataH tumhArA kathana mithyA hai !" isa prakAra parAjita deva AtmaglAni karane lgaa| isa ghaTanA se yaha prakAzita hotA hai ki usa samaya ke zrAvakoM meM kitanI Atmazakti aura kitanI dRDha AsthA hotI thI ki ve devatAoM taka ko niruttara kara dete the aura jinakI prazaMsA svayaM bhagavAn karate the jo zramaNoM ke lie preraNA-srota siddha hote the / bhagavAn mahAvIrane zramaNa nigraMtha aura nigraMthaniyoM ko bulA kara kahA ki-" gRhasthAvAsa meM rahate hue gRhastha bhI anya yUthikoM ko artha, hetu, prazna aura yuktiyoM se niruttara kara sakate haiM to he Aryo ! dvAdazAMga kA adhyayana karanevAle zramaNa nimranthoM ko to unheM hetu aura yuktiyoM se avazya hI niruttara kara denA caahie|" aura zramaNa nigraMthoMne bhagavAn ke ina kathanoM ko savinaya tahatti' kahakara svIkAra kiyaa| isa prakAra puruSArthavAdI vicAradhArA bhAgyavAdI vicAradhArA para dhIre-dhIre apanA adhikAra karatI jA rahI thii| dhArmika dRr3hatA-usa samaya ke zrAvaka apane kartavya para aDiga rahanevAle the| unakI dharmaparAyaNatA kI carcA svarga meM bhI calA karatI thii| kAmadeva ko DigAne ke lie mithyAdRSTi devane kyA-kyA nahIM kiyaa| vikarAla pizAca rUpa dhAraNa kiyA, madonmatta hAthI kA rUpa banAyA, bhayaMkara mahAkAya viSadhara kA zarIra dhAraNa kiyA, kAmadeva ko AkAza se dharatI para paTakA; phira bhI vaha avicala bhAva se apane dharma-dhyAna meM sthita rhaa| Akhira deva hAra gayA aura usase kSamA prArthanA karane lgaa| unake caraNoM meM gira par3A / kAmadeva kI sahanazIlatA aura nirbhIkatA kI prazaMsA karate hue bhagavAn ne zramaNa nigraMtha aura nimranthaniyoM ko udbodhana diyA hai-" ki jaba ghara meM rahanevAle gRhastha bhI deva, manuSya aura tiyeca sambandhI upasargoM ko samabhAvapUrvaka sahana karate haiM to dvAdazAMga-gaNipiTaka ke dhAraka zramaNa nimranthoM ko to aise upasarga sahana karane ke liye sadaiva taiyAra rahanA caahiye|" striyoM ko samAna adhikAra-jainadharma meM jo cAra tIrthoM kI sthApanA kI gaI hai, usake anusAra-sAdhu, sAdhvI, zrAvaka aura zrAvikA ko barAbara adhikAra haiM / isase isa sUtra se hame patA calatA hai ki usa samaya dharma viSayaka adhikAra donoM-strI aura puruSa ko samAna the / usa samaya ke zrAvaka jaba ghara Ate the taba sArI ghaTanA apanI strI ko sunAyA karate the| durAva aura chipAva jaisI prathA usa samaya na thI / jaba Ananda bhagavAn mahAvIra 1 isa zabda ke apracalita evaM vicitra prayoga meM lekhaka kA koI vizeSa artha ho| isase rahane diyA hai| saM0 daulatasiMha
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________________ 348 zrImad vijayarAjendrari-smAraka maMca darzana aura se bAraha vrata dhAraNa kara apane ghara para Ate haiM taba Ate hI ve apanI dharmapatnI zivAnandA ko vrata dhAraNa kI bAta kahate haiM aura Adeza dete haiM ki-" he devAnupriye ! jisa prakAra maiMne zrI zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra se zrAvaka ke bAraha vrata dhAraNa kiye haiM, usI prakAra tuma bhI jA kara zrAvikA kA dharma grahaNa kro|" zivAnandA pati ke kathana ko suna kara atyadhika prasanna hotI hai aura bhagavAn ke pAsa jA kara zrAvikAdharma aMgIkAra karatI hai / isa kathana yA ghaTanA se patA lagatA hai ki usa samaya pati aura patnI kA dharma eka hotA thaa| vaiyaktika gharelU jIvana meM dhArmika vicAra-meda ko sthAna nahIM thaa| pati kA AjJApAlana karanA patnI apanA saubhAgya samajhatI thii| ' devAnupriya ' aura ' devAnupriye ' kA sambodhana ziSTatA, pavitratA aura agAdha prema kA pratIka hai| mAtA aura dharmapatniyoM ke kartavya-usa samaya jana-jIvana meM 'adhikAra' aura 'kartavya' donoM kA samanvaya thaa| apane patiyoM ke sAtha striyoM kA kyA dhArmika sambandha honA cAhiye isakI jhAMkI bhI hameM isa sUtra ke adhyayana se milatI hai| jaba-jaba devoMne dhArmika kRtyoM kI parIkSA ke nimitta asahya upasarga diye taba-taba mA aura patnIne putra aura pati ko udbodhana dekara dharma meM dRr3ha kiyA / culanIpitA zrAvakane jaba pratijJA dhAraNa kara pauSadha kiyA taba devane parIkSA ke nimitta kaI prakAra ke kaSTa diye / antima upasarga mAtA bhadrA ke lie thA / taba mA kI mamatA aura bhakti ke vazIbhUta hokara usane anArya puruSa ko pakar3anA cAhA / jyoMhi vaha pakar3ane uThA tyoMhi deva lopa ho gayA aura hAtha meM khaMbhA A gyaa| vaha usIko pakar3a kara jora-jora se cillAne lgaa| usakI cillAhaTa ko suna kara bhadrA sArthavAhI vahAM AI aura kahane lagI-"terI dekhI ghaTanA mithyA hai / krodha ke kAraNa usa hiMsaka aura pApa buddhivAle puruSa ko pakar3a lene kI tumhArI pravRtti huI hai / isaliye bhAva se sthUla prANAtipAta-viramaNavrata kA bhaMga huA hai / ayatanApUrvaka daur3ane se pauSadha kA aura krodha ke kAraNa kaSAya-tyAgarUpa uttara guNa kA bhaMga huA hai / isalie he putra ! daNDa, prAyazcitta lekara apanI AtmA ko zuddha kro|" culanI pitAne aticAroM kI AlocanA kii| isI prakAra jaba saddAlaputra agnimitrA bhAryA ke nimitta se apane dharma se cyUta huA taba usakI bhAryAne use udbodhana dekara dharma meM sthira kiyA / ina udAharaNoM se yaha patA calatA hai ki nara aura nArI kA sambandha kevala daihika nahIM hai, kevala sAMsArika abhilASAoM aura vAsanAoM kI pUrti ke lie hI unakA gaThabandhana nahIM huaa| apitu dharmapUrvaka jIvana-yApana ke lie / ___ bhagavAn kI bhakta para kRpA-bhakta ke lie bhagavAn hI sarvasva hai, vahI usakA rakSaka hai| jaba mahAzataka kI bhAryA revatI mAMsAhAriNI aura madyapAna karanevAlI bana gaI aura
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________________ saMskRti upAsakadazAGga sUtra meM sAMskRtika jIvana kI jhaaNkii| 349 uttarottara usakI pravRtti durAcAra kI ora bar3hatI gaI taba vaha apane pati mahAzataka ko jisane ki gyAraha paDimAoM ko dhAraNa karane ke bAda anazana vrata le liyA thA, madamAtI huI upasarga dene lgii| zRMgArabhare hAva-bhAva aura kaTAkSa dikhAtI huI vaha kahane lagI, " tumheM dharma, puNya, svarga, mokSa Adi se kyA hai, tuma mere sAtha manamAne bhoga bhogo|" isa prakAra vaha kAma ke vazIbhUta ho kara mahAzataka ko apane dharma se bhraSTa karane lgii| taba zrAvakane apane avadhijJAna ke dvArA usakI mRtyu aura naraka gati batalAI jisase vaha Darakara calatI banI / anazana vrata meM satya kathana bhI jo dUsaroM ko apriya, kaTu yA pIDAkArI siddha ho bolanA nahIM kalapatA / isa kI AlocanA ke lie mahAvIra svAmIne apane suziSya gautamasvAmI ko mahAzataka ke pAsa bhejA aura gautamasvAmI se preraNA pAkara mahAzatakane apane aticAroM kI AlocanA kii| isI prakAra jaba Ananda zrAvaka ko pariNAmoM kI vizuddhatA ke kAraNa aura jJAnAvaraNIya kamoM kA kSayopazama hone se avadhijJAna utpanna ho gayA aura jisa ke phalasvarUpa vaha pUrva, pazcima aura dakSiNa dizA meM lavaNasamudra meM pAMca sau yojana taka aura uttara meM cullahimavAma parvata taka dekhane lgaa| isI prakAra Upara saudharma devaloka aura nIce ratnaprabhA pRthvI ke lolayacyuta nAmaka narakAvAsa ko jAnane aura dekhane lgaa| gautama svAmIne kahA ki, "zrAvaka ko itane vistAravAlA avadhijJAna nahIM ho sktaa| isa lie he Ananda ! tuma isa bAta ke lie daNDa prAyazcitta lo|" isa para Ananda kI AtmA bola uThI, "kyA satya bAta ke lie bhI daNDa liyA jAtA hai ! daNDa to Apa svayaM lIjiegA ?" isa para gautamane bhagavAn ke pAsa jAkara sArA vRttAnta sunAyA / taba bhagavAnne kahA, "Ananda kA kathana satya hai; ataH usase jA kara kSamA mAMgo aura prAyazcitta lo!" isa ghaTanA se yaha siddha hotA hai ki usa samaya ke zrAvaka kitane karmaniSTha aura satyaniSTha hote the / ve apane se bar3oM ko bhI uttara de sakate the aura daNDa ke lie vivaza kara sakate the| aise hI dharmapremI zrAvakoM para bhagavAn rIjhate haiM, prasanna hote haiM / sAMskRtika jIvana-usa samaya ke zrAvakoM kA jIvana saMyamita, maryAdita evaM dharmaniSTha thA / daivavAda aura puruSArthavAda kA samanvaya unake jIvana meM pratikSaNa hotA thA / usa samaya ke rAjA svayaM dharmapremI hote the| jitazatru rAjA bhagavAn ke padArpaNa kA samAcAra sunate hI rAjasI ThATa-bATa se unako vandana karane ke lie jAte haiM / zrAvaka loga bhI nagara ke bIca ho kara rAjamArga se vandana karane ke lie jAte haiM / jAne ke pUrva kyA puruSa, kyA strI ! snAna karate haiM, bahumUlya para alpa bhAravAle paridhAna pahanate haiN| laghukaraNa ratha meM baiThakara zivAnandA vandana ke lie prasthAna karatI hai / isa se usa samaya kI dhArmika sthiti aura prabhAvanA kA patA calatA hai /
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka -graMtha darzana aura jaba zrAvakoM meM prauDhatva kA padArpaNa hone lagatA taba ve isa prakAra kA vicAra kiyA karate the ki - " maiM dIkSA lene meM to asamartha hUM / kintu mujhe aba yaha ucita hai ki maiM apane jyeSTha putra ko uttarAdhikArI banA kara ekAnta sAdhanA kruuN|" isI prakAra sarvaprathama dharmopadeza sunakara zrAvaka loga itane prabhAvita hote the ki hAtha jor3akara bhagavAn se prArthanA karate the ki- " he nirgrantha ! pravacana mujhe vizeSa rucikara hue haiN| Apa ke pAsa jisa taraha bahuta se rAjA, mahArAjA, seTha, senApati, tAlavara, kauTumbika, mANDalika, sArthavAha Adi pratrajyA aMgIkAra karate haiM, usI taraha pratrajyA grahaNa karane meM to hama asamartha haiM; para hama zrAvaka ke vrata aMgIkAra karanA cAhate haiM / 350 Ananda Adi zrAvakoMne jo vrata aMgIkAra kiye haiM aura sAtaveM vrata upabhoga paribhoga kI jo maryAdA kI hai usase usa samaya kA sAMskRtika stara hamAre sAmane pratyakSa ho jAtA hai / pAMcave vrata meM dhana, dhAnyAdi kI maryAdA kI jAtI hai / Anandane maryAdA kI thI ki maiM 12 karor3a sonaiyAM, gAyoM ke cAra gokula, pAMca sau hala aura pAMca sau haloM se jotI jAnevAlI bhUmi, hajAra gAr3e aura cAra bair3A jahAja ke uparAnta parigraha nahIM rakhUMgA / isase yaha jJAta hotA hai ki usa samaya ke zrAvaka pazupAlana ke sAtha-sAtha khetI bhI karate the / unakA vyApAra videzoM se bhI hotA thA / arthAt usa samaya bhI sAmudrika vyApAra hotA thA / Ananda ke cAra jahAja cAroM dizAoM meM ghUmA karate the / 500 hala aura una se tI jAnevAlI bhUmi kitanI hogI ? kitanA unakA bharApUrA jIvana thA ! sAtaveM vrata meM upabhoga - paribhoga kI maryAdA kI jAtI hai ? AnaMda kI upabhogaparibhoga saMbaMdhI maryAdAyeM Aja ke daridra aura duHkhI jIvana ke liye svarga kI sukha-smRti karAtI haiM aura saca kahA jAya to AnaMda kI ina nimna ullikhita maryAdAoM meM kucha hI Aja ke bar3e 2 mahArAjA aura samrAToM ke nitya jIvana meM mileMgI / usa samaya kI bhArata kI AzAtIta vaibhavasthalI para AnaMda kA vaibhava khaNDa mAtra thA aura ye maryAdAaiM usa vaibhava kI rekhA mAtra thIM / Aja ke liye ye kevala kalpanAye haiM; parantu tatkAlIna mahima vaibhava ke liye ye maryAdAyeM thIM / AnaMda zrAvaka isa prakAra maryAdA kI thIM : - ( 1 ) ullaNiyAvihiH - snAna karane ke pazcAt zarIra ko poMchane ke lie gamachA ( Towel ) Adi kI maryAdA karanA / Anandane gandhakASAyita ( gandhapradhAna lAla vastra ) kA niyama kiyA thA / ( 2 ) dantavaNavihiH - dAMtuna kA parimANa karanA / Anandane harI mulahaTI kA niyama kiyA thA /
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________________ saMskRti upAsakadazAMgasUtra meM sAMskRtika jIvana kI jhAMkI / 351 (3) phalavihiH-snAna karane ke pahale sira dhone ke lie AMvalA Adi phaloM kI maryAdA karanA / Anandane jisa meM guThalI utpanna na huI ho aise AMvaloM kA niyama kiyA thaa| (4) abbhaMgaNavihiH-zarIra para mAliza karane yogya tela Adi kA parimANa nizcita karanA / Anandane zatapAka (sau auSadhiyAM DAlakara banAyA huA) aura sahasrapAka (hajAra auSadhiyAM DAlakara banAyA huA ) tela rakhA thaa| (5) uvaTTaNavihiH-zarIra para lagAe hue tela ko sukhAne ke lie pIThI Adi kI maryAdA karanA / Anandane kamaloM ke parAga Adi se sugandhita padArtha kA parimANa kiyA thA / (6 ) majjaNavihiH-snAnoM kI saMkhyA tathA snAna karane ke lie jala kA parimANa karanA / Anandane snAna ke liye ATha ghar3A jala kA parimANa kiyA thaa| (7) vatthavihiH-pahanane yogya vastroM kI maryAdA krnaa| Anandane kapAsa se bane hue do vastroM kA niyama kiyA thaa| (8) vileSaNavihiH-snAna karane ke pazcAt zarIra meM lepana karane yogya candana, kezara Adi dravyoM kA parimANa nizcita karanA / Anandane agurU, kuMkuma, candana cAdi kI maryAdA kI thii| (9) pupphavihiH-phUlamAlA Adi kA parimANa karanA / Anandane zuddha kamala aura mAlatI ke phUloM kI mAlA pahanane kI maryAdA kI thii| (10) AbharaNavihiH-gahane jevara Adi kA parimANa karanA / Anandane kAnoM ke zveta kuNDala aura svanAmAMkita mudrikA kA parimANa kiyA thaa| (11) dhUvavihiH-dhUpa dene yogya padArthoM kA parimANa karanA / Anandane agara aura lobAna Adi kA parimANa kiyA thA / (12) bhoyaNavihiH-bhojana kA parimANa karanA / (13 ) pejjavihiH-pIne yogya padArthoM kI maryAdA karanA / Anandane mUMga kI dAla aura ghI meM bhune hue cAvaloM kI rAba kI maryAdA kI thii| (14 ) bhakkhaNavihiH-khAne ke lie pakvAnna kI maryAdA karanA / Anandane ghRtapUra (ghevara ) khAMDa se lipta khAjoM kA parimANa kiyA thaa| (15) odaNavihiH-kSudhA nivRtti ke lie cAvala Adi kI maryAdA karanA / Anandane kamoda cAvala kA parimANa kiyA thaa| (16) sUvavihiH-dAla kA parimANa karanA / Anandane maTara, mUMga aura udar3a kI dAla kA parimANa kiyA thaa|
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________________ 152 zrImad vijayarAjendras-ismAraka-pratha darzana aura (17) ghayavihiH-ghRta kA parimANa karanA / Anandane gAyoM ke zaradaRtu meM utpanna dhI kA niyama kiyA thaa| (18) sAgavihiH-zAkabhAjI kA parimANa nizcita karanA / Anandane vathuA, cU cU (susthiya ) aura maNDukI zAka kA parimANa kiyA thA / cU cU aura maNDukI usa samaya meM prasiddha koI zAkavizeSa haiN| (19) mAhurayavihiH-pake hue phaloM kA parimANa karanA / Anandane pAlaMga (bela phala ) phala kA parimANa kiyA thA / (20) jemaNavihiH-khAne yogya padArthoM kA parimANa nizcita karanA / Anandane tela Adi meM talane ke bAda chAcha, dahI aura kAMjI Adi khaTTI cIjoM meM bhigoye hue mUMga Adi kI dAla se bane hue bar3e aura pakaur3I Adi kA parimANa kiyA thaa| (21) pANiyavihiH-pIne ke lie pAnI kI maryAdA karanA / Anandane AkAza se gire hue aura tatkAla grahaNa kie ( TAMkI Adi meM ) jala kI maryAdA kI thii| (22) muhavAsavihiH-mukha suvAsita karane yogya padArthoM kA parimANa karanA / Anandane paMcasaugandhika arthAt lauMga, kapUra, kakkola ( zItala cInI ), jAyaphala aura ilAyacI DAle hue pAna kA parimANa kiyA thaa| ina maryAdAoM se hama anAyAsa hI isa niSkarSa para pahuMca jAte haiM ki usa samaya ke zrAvakoM kA rahana-sahana kitanA aizvaryazAlI thA ! ve khAne-pIne kI kitanI cIjoM kA prayoga karate the| snAna karate samaya kitanI vastuoM kI AvazyakatA hotI thI! zatapAka aura sahasrapAka tela kI kalpanA karanA to Aja ke vikAsakAlIna aura vaijJAnika yuga meM bhI vyartha hai / tela ko sukhAne ke lie bhI alaga pIThI kI AvazyakatA usa samaya ke logoM ko thii| snAna ke lie ATha ghar3e jala kA parimANa unakI saMyamita vRtti kA paricAcaka hai / phUloM aura AbhUSaNoM kA prayoga puruSa bhI karate the| maTara, mUMga aura ur3ada kI dAla usa samaya jyAdA pracalita thii| gAyoM kA zaradaRtu meM utpanna dhI hI ve prayoga meM lAte the / cU cU aura maNDukI nAmaka zAka-mAjI Aja kalpanAtIta bana gaI haiN| dahIvar3A, kAMjIvar3A aura dAliyA kA prayoga bhI ve karate the| pIne ke lie varSA kA ikaTThA kiyA huA jala pavitra aura hitakara mAnA jAtA thA / lauMga, kapUra, jAyaphala, ilAyacI ke premI the, para kakkola (zItala cInI) nAmaka vastu kA Aja abhAva hai| isa prakAra zrAvakoM kA jIvana kitanA ucca thaa| saMyamita thA ! maryAdita thA ! itanA vaibhava aura vilAsa hote hue bhI ve vinAza aura pApamArga kI ora nahIM pravRtta hue; apitu nivRtti mArga kI ora unmukha rahate aaye| Aja ke hamAre jaTila jIvana se unakA jIvana kaIguNA sukhI aura Anandita thaa|
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________________ rUpaM rUpaM pratirUpo babhUva zrI vAsudeva zaraNa agravAla, kAzI vizvavidyAlaya yaha jagata ananta rUpoM kA bhaMDAra hai| zrI hArTa kI paribhASA ke anusAra jisa vastu kA jJAna hotA hai athavA jo vastu utpanna huI hai ve saba mUrtiyAM yA mUrta rUpa haiM / mUrta rUpoM kI samaSTi hI jagata hai / prajApati ke do rUpa kahe gaye haiM- mUrta aura amUrta | amUrta kA mUrta meM AnA yahI sRjana kArya haiM, jo sRSTi ke Adi se cala rahA hai / nAnA rUpa deza aura kAla meM utpanna hue haiM, utpanna ho cuke haiM, utpanna ho rahe haiM evaM bhaviSya meM bhI yahI krama calatA rahegA / ye jitane rUpa haiM, saba jisa srota se prakaTa hue haiM, vaha pratirUpa hai / ye pratyeka rUpa jisakI anukRti haiM vaha mUla pratirUpa svayaM amUrta hote hue bhI saba rUpoM kI samaSTi hai / ye rUpa nakala haiM; vaha jo asala hai vaha pratirUpa hai / vaha pratirUpa hI rUpa-rUpa meM pariNata ho gayA hai / vaha pratirUpa mUla pratibiMba hai jisakI chAyA se saba rUpa bane haiM / 1 / vaha pratirUpa eka hai / usameM nAnA bhAva nhiiN| vaha kisI eka rUpa ke sAtha tadAkAra nahIM hotA; kyoM ki sabhI rUpoM ke sAtha usakA tAdAtmya hai / vaha mUla pratirUpa amiTa hai / deza aura kAla se vaMcita nahIM hotA / nakala banatI aura bigar3atI hai / usa mUla yA asala kA satya rUpa kabhI parivartita nahIM hotA / asala eka hotA hai| usakI nakala yA namUne aneka ho sakate haiM / pratirUpa eka thA, rUpa aneka haiM / pratirUpa amRta thA, rUpa martya haiM / pratirUpa aparivartanazIla thA, rUpa parivartanazIla haiN| usa eka pratirUpa meM saba rUpoM kA antarbhAva hai / I saba vyakta bhAvoM kI saMjJA rUpa hai| jitane vyakta bhAva haiM, avyakta se utpanna hue haiM aura avyakta meM lIna ho rahe haiN| gaNita ke zabdo meM kalpanA kareM to jitane aMka haiM saba rUpa haiM / saba aMkoM kI samaSTi zUnya hai / zUnya meM saba aMkoM kA antarbhAva hai| aisA koI aMka nahIM jo zUnya meM na ho / svayaM zUnya rUpahIna yA alpa hai| ata eva yaha bhI caritArtha hotA hai| ki jo saba rUpoM ko apane meM dhAraNa karatA hai vaha svayaM alpa hai| dUsarA udAharaNa leN| eka ora gati gati hai / jisa dizA meM vaha prayukta hotI hai usa dizA meM usa ora usake vyakta 1. Any thing known or born is an image. ( 45 ) 45
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________________ 354 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-praya darzana aura bhAva ko hama dekhate haiM / kintu saba gatiyoM kI samaSTi kA nAma sthiti hai / jisa padArtha para saba ora se vega aura gatiyAM kendrita hotI haiM vaha sthitibhAvApanna ho jAtA hai / isI prakAra eka-eka varNa kA apanA-apanA rUpa hai; kintu saba vargoM kI samaSTi svayaM avarNa yA rUpahIna ho jAtI hai / sUrya kI razmiyoM ke pRthak pRthak varNa haiM, para unakI samaSTi kA varNa zveta hotA hai / isa prakAra vizva ke saba rUpa jisa eka bindu meM kendrita hote haiM, vaha mUla saba kA pratirUpa hai / use alpa yA rUpazUnya kaha sakate haiN| jo zUnya hai usIkI saMjJA vana hai| rUpa yA nakala vikRta ho sakatI hai, vaha bigar3atI rahatI hai / rakhanevAle ke mana, prANa aura vAk kI zakti ke anusAra usakA nAza yA vikAra hotA hai, kintu isa vizva meM jo eka acintya apratayaM pratirUpa hai vaha vajra kI bhAMti dRr3ha hai| jise anya koI vastu parAbhUta na kara sake vahI vajra kahA jAtA hai| vahI pratirUpa vajra hai; kyoM ki vaha deza aura kAla se parAbhUta nahIM hotaa| vaha amUrta hai| usIkA eka aMza rUpa yA nakala meM A pAtA hai / saba rUpoM se kaI adhika mahAn apraghRSya vaha pratirUpa yA mUla prajApati hai jisake viSaya meM kahA jAtA hai-' vRkSa iva stabdho divi tiSThatyekaH / ' vaha asala kisI nakala se dabatA nhiiN| vaha sabake Upara, saba se ThAr3hA, saba kA vidhAyaka, svayaM amiTa dhruva sattAvAlA, UMce vRkSa kI bhAMti samasta antarAla ko apane vitAna se ghera kara khar3A hai / vaha svayaM siddha hai aura sarvapratyakSa hai / vizva kA koI bhAga yA koI rUpa usake vitAna se bacA nahIM / vaha pratirUpa antaryAmI aura sUtrAtmA ina do rUpoM se saba rUpoM meM AtA hai / usakA jo avyakta amRta bhAga hai vaha pratyeka piMDa padArtha yA rUpa meM praviSTa antaryAmI aMza hai / usakA jo mUrta vA vyakta bhAga hai vahI pratyakSa piMDa kA sUtrAtmA hai / eka sUkSma hai, dUsarA sthUla / eka ko antaH sthiti aura dUsare ko bAhyasthiti kahA jAtA hai| pratyeka rUpa kA sthUla upAdAna jagat ke Adi kAraNa usI pratirUpa se AyA hai aura usakA sUkSma bhAga bhI vahIM se AtA hai| pratirUpa se rUpa bhAva meM Ane ke liye sUkSma aura sthUla ye do dhAge haiM / vizva ke jitane rUpa haiM sabameM ye piroye hue haiM / yahI saba rUpoM kI ekatAnatA hai| sRSTi ke Adi se nAnA prakAra ke puSpa, latA, vRkSa, vanaspati Adi utpanna hote rahe haiM aura ho rahe haiN| unameM jo sAdRzya hai usakA kAraNa yaha hai ki deza aura kAla kA vyavadhAna hone para bhI una saba meM eka hI antaryAmI aura eka hI sUtrAtmA piroyA huA hai arthAt jo mUlabhUta pratirUpa hai usase nirgata sUkSma aura sthUla ke niyama sarvatra saba kAla meM eka samAna rahe haiN| vaidika paribhASA meM kendra bindu ko hRdaya kahate haiM / jo hRdaya hai vahI prajApati kahA
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________________ saMskRti rUpaM rUpaM pratirUpo babhUva / jAtA hai / jo kendra hai vaha eka hai| eka kendra se nAnA paridhi kA AvirbhAva hotA hai| niyama hai-' ekaM vA idaM vibabhUva sarvam / ' eka hI sarva huA hai| eka pratirUpa sarvarUpa banA hai| zilpI nirmANa kI icchA se jaba dhyAna karatA hai, usake dhyAna meM sarva rUpa samA. viSTa rahate haiM / usakA prajJAna yA mana jaba eka rUpa ko pakar3atA hai to vahI rUpa sphuTa ho kara citra yA pASANa meM abhivyakta ho jAtA hai, zeSa rUpa haTa jAte haiN| samasta rUpoM kI samaSTi meM se jaba eka rUpa ko zilpI eka bindu para prakaTa kara detA hai, vahIM zilpa kI abhivyakti ho jAtI hai / usa rUpa meM apane pratirUpa kI jaisI pUrNa abhivyakti hogI, utanI hI zreSTha vaha zilpakRti mAnI jAyagI / rUpa vahI acchA hai jo apane pratirUpa kA adhikatama paricaya de sake, jisa meM usakA sarvotama darzana mila ske| vahI zilpakRti vizvarUpa yA pratirUpa ke adhika nikaTa hai jisa meM vyakti kA rUpa kama se kama ho| vyakti kA rUpa eka se paricchinna, sImita, atisImita hotA hai| vaha samaSTi se adhika se adhika vicchinna rahatA hai| vyakti vizeSa kI pratikRti mUrti kI yahI sthiti hotI hai / vaha mAnoM vizvAtma bhAva se dUra rahatI hai / yahI usake rUpa kI daridratA hai athavA usakI bhAvAbhivyakti kI sImA hai / bhAratIya zilpa meM pratikRti ko isI kAraNa asvaye kahA gayA hai / vaha jar3a yA martya bhAva se AkrAMta hotI hai aura nitAnta pArthiva evaM sthUla hotI hai / jaise vyakti deza aura kAla donoM meM sImAbaddha hai, aise hI bhAva jagat meM usakI pratikRti bhI vijar3ita hotI hai| ___jo pratirUpa hai usakI saba se adhika abhivyakti pratIka dvArA hI kI jA sakatI hai| pratIka kA hI apara nAma liMga yA ketu hai / pratIka hI amUrta kI saccI mUrti hai / liMga meM vyaktigata rUpoM kA abhAva hone se vaha pratirUpa ke saba rUpoM ko prakaTa kara sakatA hai| ekaeka rUpa to eka-eka mUrti se pragaTa kiyA jA sakatA hai, kintu sarvarUpamaya pratirUpa kI abhivyakti liMga mUrti se hI ho sakatI hai / jo svayaM mUrta bhAva se kama se kama AkrAMta hotA hai vahI pratirUpa kA saba se adhika paricAyaka hai| bhAratIya zilpIne vyaktiyoM kI pratikRti yA rUpoM se moha karanA nahIM sIkhA / usake zilpa kA nirmANa usa bhAva jagat meM hotA hai jisa meM vaha sarvarUpa kA dhyAna karatA hai / sarvarUpa kA tAtparya samAjavyApI pariniSThita rUpa se hai, vyaktivizeSa ke sAdRzya se nahIM / yuga vizeSa meM strI-puruSoM ke pratimAnita sauMdarya kA dhyAna karake bhAratIya zilpI use citra yA zilpa meM prayukta karatA hai / vyaktivizeSa ke rUpa ko vaha apane takSaNa yA citra meM nahIM utAratA / vaha to samAja meM AdarzabhUta sarvarUpoM kA eka bimba kalpita karatA hai| rUpa kI vaha bhAMti yuga kI bhAMti bana jAtI hai / mathurA kI yakSIpratimAeM strIvizeSa kI pratikRti nahIM / ve nArI-jagat kI Adarza pratikRti
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________________ 356 zrImad vijayarAjendrari-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura haiM / jo rUpa usa deza meM aura usa kAla meM zilpI ke mana meM niSpanna huA vahI ina rUpoM meM mUrta huA hai / buddha mUrti deza, kAla meM janme hue aitihAsika gautama kI pratikRti nahIM hai| vaha to divya bhAvoM se saMpanna rUpa hai / yogI ke adhyAtma guNoM se yukta puruSa kI jo Adarza AkRti ho sakatI hai vahI buddha kI mUrti hai| ___guNoM kI samaSTi kI saMjJA devatA hai| usakA rUpa martya piMDa ke sauMdarya para nirbhara nhiiN| vaha to divya amRta bhAvoM se saMpanna honevAlA rUpa hai / mAnava kA ekatva bhAva usakA martyabhAva hai / vaha usakI khaMDa sthiti hai / samaSTi meM vilIna ho jAnA hI amRta bhAva hai / ataeva martya mAnava ke sthAna para samaSTigata mAnava rUpa hI bhAratIya citra aura zilpa meM pUjita huA hai / devatA, rAjA, RSi, yogI, aMtaHpura ke paricAraka jana-ye saba samaSTi ke athavA Adarza loka ke pratinidhi bana kara zilpa meM mUrta hote haiM / ve saba vyakti rUpa na ho kara pratIka rUpa haiN| aise hI pazu, pakSI bhI vyaktigata sImAbhAva se virahita samaSTi ke pratIka yA pratinidhi rUpa meM hI citrita kiye jAte haiN| ___ bhAratIya zilpI kA mana nitAnta sImita yA vaiyaktika pratikRti zilpa meM ullasita nahIM hotA / yahAM pratikRti kA aMkana asvaye mAnA gayA hai / yaha tathya isI dRSTikoNa para avalambita hai ki vyakti kA svatantra rUpa yA sauMdarya sImAbhAva meM baddha hone ke kAraNa pravAha se virahita yA khaMDita ho jAtA hai / khaMDa bhAva meM mRtyu kA nivAsa hai| jahAM mRtyu kI chAyA hai, vahAM Ananda rUpa amRta kI anubhUti nahIM hotI / Ananda yA amRta kI saMjJA hI rasa hai| parizuddha bhAratIya paramparA meM usa artha meM pratikRti ke citroM ke liye sthAna nahIM hai jisa artha meM Aja hama aise citroM ko lete haiN| kintu bhAratIya vicAradhArA zatapathoM se pratIkavAda kI upAsanA karatI hai / pratIka hI kI vaidika saMjJA ' ketu ' hai| kahA gayA hai ki pratyeka pratIka sRSTi ke usI mahAna deva kA ' ketu ' yA cihna hai| devaM vahanti ketavaH hama apane cAroM ora bhUtasRSTi meM jo kucha dekhate yA anubhava karate haiM vaha saba usI devAdhideva ke pratIka rUpa meM usIkI mahimA ko vyakta kara rahA hai| sUrya, candra, nakSatra, AkAza, pRthvI, agni, jala, vAyu, biMdu, rekhA, trikoNa, catuSkoNa, saba usa deva ke zilpa haiM aura usI ke rUpa kI pratIti karAnevAle pratIka haiN| bhAratIya pratIkoM kA aparimita vistAra hai / nAnA bhAMti ke alaMkaraNa, vRkSa aura vanaspati, puSpa aura latAeM, pazu aura pakSI, saba pratIka rUpa meM hI kalA kI kRtiyoM meM sthAna pAte haiN| pUrNa-ghaTa, cakra, triratna, svastika,
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________________ saMskRti rUpaM rUpaM pratirUpo babhUva / 357 nandipada, vardhamAna, devagRha, ratnapAtra, mAlyadAna, mInayugala, zrIvatsa, kaustubha Adi jo aneka mAMgalika ciha haiM, ve bhI una pratIkoM ke rUpa haiM jinhe mAnava kI kalAtmaka bhASAne zilpa meM sauMdarya kI abhivyakti ke liye kalpita kiyA hai / ye cihna kalA kI bhASA ke liye usa varNamAtRkA ke samAna haiM jo artha kI pratIti ke liye Avazyaka hai / ananta artha ko AtmasAt karane ke liye vANI hI eka mAtra sAdhana hai, yadyapi isa sAdhana kI bhI sImAeM haiN| kyoM ki amUrta artha ko mUrta zabdoM dvArA samagra rUpa meM pakar3a pAnA asaMbhava hI hai, ataeva antatogatvA pratyeka zabda apane artha kA pratIka mAtra hI bana kara raha jAtA hai| kalA aura kAvya donoM hI kA upajIvya bhAvaloka hai| bhAva sRSTi se hI AraMbha meM guNa sRSTi kA janma hotA hai aura phira bhAva aura guNa donoM kI samudita samRddhibhUta sRSTi meM avatIrNatA hotI hai / bhAva sRSTi kA saMbaMdha mana se, guNasRSTi kA prANa se aura bhUta sRSTi kA sthUla bhautika rUpa se hai| ina tInoM kI ekasUtratA se hI laukika sRSTi saMbhava hotI hai| ina tInoM ke hI nAmAntara jJAna, kriyA aura artha haiM / jJAna yA mana se jaba kriyA yA prANa chandita hotA hai tabhI artha yA bhUta mAtrA kA janma hotA hai| isa prakAra pratyeka sthUla bhautika padArtha yA zilpakRti bhAvoM kA eka pratIka mAtra hai| isa prakAra kA pratyeka pratIka eka-eka rUpa hai jo vizva ke ananta amUrta arthoM kA mUrta paricAyaka banA huA hai / isa prakAra zabda aura martha kA, mUrta aura amUrta kA atiramaNIya vidhAna hamAre cAroM ora phailA huA hai| vastutaH isIke otaprota bhAva kA nAma vizva hai| isameM mUrta ke andara baiThA huA amUrta, amRta, artha pratikSaNa jhAMkatA huA dikhAI par3atA hai athavA yoM kaheM ki jo anirukta artha hai vaha nirukta yA abhivyakta mUrti ke dvArA prakaTa ho rahA hai / kisI vastu ko dekhane kI tIna dRSTiyAM mAnI gaI haiM-ziromUlA, pAdamUlA aura cakSu. muulaa| sUkSma se sthUla kI ora AnA ziromUlA dRSTi hai, ise hI jJAnadRSTi yA saMcaradRSTi bhI kahate haiM / sthUla se sUkSma kI ora jAnA arthAt sthUla pratIka ke dvArA sUkSma artha taka pahuMcanA, yaha pAdamUlA dRSTi hai| ise hI pratisaMcara krama yA vijJAna kA dRSTikoNa kahate haiN| tIsarI dRSTi vaha hai jisameM sthUla aura sUkSma athavA jJAna aura vijJAna, ina donoM kA samanvaya pAyA jAtA hai, ise cakSumUlA dRSTi kahate haiN| yaha madhya patita dRSTi hI samanvaya kI dRSTi hai, jise gItA meM jJAnavijJAnasamandhita dRSTi kahA hai / vastutaH uttama kalA ke sAtha isI dRSTikoNa kA saMbaMdha hai / isameM Antarika bhAva aura bAhyarUpa donoM meM sauMdarya kA saMtulita vidhAna pAyA jAtA hai| zabdasauMdarya aura arthasauMdarya donoM eka-dUsare ke sAtha jahAM samanvita rahate haiM usI zreNa sthiti ko kavine vAgartha se saMpRkta kAvya kA Adarza kahA hai| jaise kAvya meM vaise hI
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________________ bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pratha darzana aura kalA meM bhI AbhyaMtara artha aura bAhyarUpa, donoM kA jahAM eka samAna ramaNIya vidhAna ho, vahIM zreSTha kalA kI abhivyakti hai| gupta kalA isakA udAharaNa hai| usameM bAhyarUpa kI pUrNa mAtrA ko anuprANita karanevAlA jo arthasauMdarya hai, vaha zabda kA adbhuta yA vilakSaNa rUpa prastuta karatA hai| zilpI yA citrAcArya alaMkaraNa saMbhAra meM saMnatAMgI kalAkRtiyoM kA nirmANa kara ke hI paritRpta nahIM hue| unakI kRtiyAM usa savizeSa artha se prANavanta haiM jo buddha ke anuttara jJAna evaM ziva kI samAdhi se athavA lokasaMrakSaNa meM vyApta parameSThi viSNu ke aharnizi saMvedanazIla svarUpa se bhAvApanna yA ojasvinI banI hai| una kalAkRtiyoM meM kitanI ramaNIyatA, kitanI sajIvatA aura kitanA ananta akSuNya AkarSaNa hai! ise kisa prakAra kahA jAya ! unake sAnidhya meM sthUla sImAbhAva vigalita ho jAtA hai aura mana divya bhAvoM ke loka meM vilakSaNa Ananda, zAnti aura prakAza kA anubhava karatA hai| isa amRta Ananda yA rasa taka jo pahuMcA sake vahI ciraMtana kAvya aura kalA hai| ___ Upara kahI huI tIna dRSTiyoM meM se cAhe kisI bhI dRSTi ko vyaktigata rucimeda ke kAraNa hama svIkAra kareM, kintu sarvopari satya vahI rahatA hai / jo sthUla rUpa, zabda yA kalAkRti hai vaha usIkA eka pratIka hai / isa viSaya meM jo koI eka deva sahasradhA mahimAoM se sarvatra, sarvadA prakaTa ho rahI hai, usIkI mahimA ke paricAyaka ye saba pratIka haiN| inake astitva kI aura koI saphalatA nhiiN| saba kA paryavasAna usI eka lakSya meM hai| nAnA rUpa usI eka pratirUpa kA saMketa kara rahe haiN| kintu phira bhI usakI mahimA prakhyAta karane meM ye paryApta nahIM haiN| vizva ke roma-roma se yahI mahAn prazna uTha rahA hai kathamaH sa ketuH ? kaunasA vaha ketu hai ! kaunasA vaha ketu hai ! ina samasta pratIkoM se pratIyamAna, ina samasta rUpoM se AvirbhUta vaha ketu, pratIka yA pratirUpa kahAM hai ! usa samagra kI prApti kyA saMbhava hai ! kyA ye pratirUpa usa pratirUpa ke ananta sauMdarya, usakI ananta mahimA aura usake ananta Ananda aura aizvarya ko paryApta rUpa se prakaTa kara sakate hai ! yahI kahanA par3atA hai ki sthUla rUpa aura zabda aparyApta haiN| ve saMketa mAtra haiM, jo nirantara usa devAtmaka jyoti kI ora saMketa kara rahe hai devaM vahanti ketavaH vizva ke apratayaM, tamobhUta, aprajJAta pUrva yuga meM jaba avyakta se vyakta bhAva kA udgama
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________________ saMskRti 359 rUpaM rUpaM pratirUpo babhUva / huA, amitane apane Apa ko mitabhAva meM parivartita kiyaa| jaba zAnta rasa rUpa mahAsamudra ke garma meM spaMdanAtmaka baloM kA janma huA aura una baloM ke graMthi-bandhana se hiraNyamaya sAra teja kI abhivyakti huI taba se Aja taka devazilpI kI usI paramparA meM aneka pratIkoM kA ajasra nirmANa hotA rahA hai aura Age bhI hotA rhegaa| pratyeka pratIka kI saMjJA hiraNya tatva hai| vaidika paribhASA se avyakta kA vyaktabhAva meM AnA hI hiraNya hai / deza aura kAla meM jitane bhI vyaktabhAva hai vyaktikaraNa kI eka hI mUla dhArA se jur3e hue haiN| sabake kendroM meM eka hI sUtra piroyA huA hai| jahAM kahIM, jo kucha bhI nirmita hotA hai yA vyakta rUpa prApta karatA hai, vaha vizva ke usI antaryAmI sUtra ke sAtha jur3a jAtA hai, jisake prabhAva se avyakta aura vyakta kI yaha mahatI prakriyA saba ora vitatha hai / jo tatva itanA mahAn hai, jo sava ke mUla meM hai, prazna hotA hai ki use AtmasAt karane ke liye mAnava ke pAsa kyA upAya hai ! isa prazna kA eka hI uttara saMbhava hai aura vaha yaha hai ki rUpoM ke mAdhyama se hI pratirUpa ko samajhanA aura pAnA hai / pratIkoM ke dvArA hI deva kI nigUr3ha Atmazakti ko pahacAnA jA sakatA hai / hama eka bhI bhUta yA sthUla rUpa kA nirAkaraNa nahIM kara sakate / hameM apane samasta kalAtmaka vidhAnoM kI zakti se, unakI rUpasaMpAdana-samRddhi se ina samasta pratIkoM ko sajAnA hai| inheM sundaratama banA kara inhIM meM usa pratirUpa ke darzana karane haiN| bhUteSu bhUteSu vicitya dhIrA dhIra inhIM bhUtoM meM use DhUMDhate aura pahacAnate haiN| yahI kalA kA divya saMdeza hai aura yahI usakI sArthakatA hai aura yahI mAnava-jIvana ke sAtha usakA zAzvata amiTa saMbaMdha hai / jisakA dhAgA kabhI TUTa nahIM sakatA / isa prakAra ki ina sthUla rUpoM yA bhUtoM meM usa deva ko pahacAnanA hai--sArthakatA yaha ki inake abhyantara meM nigUr3ha usa deva ko pahacAnane ke liye inheM ananta prakAra se sajAnA aura saMvAranA hai / jaba-jaba bhI mAnava-jIvana aura kalA kA yaha nitya pArasparika saMbaMdha zithila yA aujhala ho jAtA hai tabhI kalA kA hAsa aura jIvana kI hAni hotI hai / ataeva uttama sthiti vaha hai jisa meM mAnava hRdaya divya Ananda aura amRta aizvarya ke bhAvoM se Anandolita hotA hai aura prANoM kI usa vyAkulatA ke anurUpa zAnti ke liye apane caturdika sthUla yA bhautika pratIkoM ko rUpa-saMpanna banAtA hai| usakI yaha sAdhanA hI uttama jIvana aura mahatI kalA ko janma detI hai| kAla ke satata pravAhI krama meM vAraMvAra kalA ke liye prANavanta yugoM kA AvAhana karanA hogA aura aisA karate hue mAnava svayaM apane hI kendra kI kisI amRta preraNA kI pUrti kregaa|
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________________ sRSTikartA Izvara nhiiN| munirAja zrI haMsavijayajI mahArAja ke ziSya munizrI kAMtivijayajI Izvara ko sRSTi kA kartA mAnanevAle logoM kA mantavya hai ki saMsAra meM aneka prakAra ke padArtha rahe hue haiN| aura ve kisI na kisIke banAye hue avazya haiN| jisa prakAra relve, eroplena, moTara, tAra, Teliphona, aNubama, vAyaralesa Adi vastueM buddhimAna manuSya kI banAI huI dRSTigocara ho rahI haiM, usI prakAra Izvarane isa sRSTi kI racanA kI / Izvara cAhe so kara sakatA hai kyoM ki Izvara mahAn zaktizAlI hai| sRSTvA purANi vividhAnyajayAtmazakkyA, vRkSAn sarIsRpapazUn khagadaMzamatsyAn / taistairatuSTahRdayaH puruSaM vidhAya, __brahmAvabodhadhiSaNaM mudamApa devaH // arthAt Izvarane apanI zakti se vRkSa, sarIsRpa, pazusamUha, pakSI-daMza aura matsya ityAdi nAnA prakAra ke zarIroM kA nirmANa kiyA / itanA karane para bhI Izvara ke hRdaya meM santoSa yAnI tRpti nahIM huii| taba bhagavAnane manuSyadeha kA nirmANa kiyA, kyoM ki manuSya meM buddhi hai| arthAt vaha brahma sAkSAt svarUpa utpanna hotA hai| sRSTi kA varNana karate hue zruti meM kahA hai ki-" sa vai naiva reme tasmAdekAkI naiva ramate sa dvitIyamaicchat " ( bRhadAraNyaka upa0 ) isa Izvara ko tRpti nahIM hotI thI, kyoM ki ve akele the| jisa prakAra koI manuSya makAna meM akelA hotA hai taba usakA dila nahIM lagatA, vaha dUsare sAthI kI icchA karatA hai; usI prakAra Izvara ke dila meM aisI icchA huI ki dUsarA honA cAhiye / dUsarA na hone ke kAraNa Izvara ko zAnti nahIM milatI thI-mana nahIM lagatA thaa| usa Izvarane saMkalpa kiyA ki 'bahusyAM prajAyeya '.-maiM bahuta rUpa meM hoU~ aura janma dhAraNa kruuN| bhagavadgItA meM bhI kahA hai ki yadA yadA hi dharmasya, glAnirbhavati bhArata ! abhyutthAnAya dharmasya, tadAtmAnaM sRjAmyaham // arthAt jaba-jaba isa pRthvI para hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, jArI, anyAya, atyAcAra Adi (46)
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________________ saMskRti sRSTikartA Izvara nhiiN| 361 phaila jAtA hai taba Izvara janma dhAraNa kara ke usa anyAya aura atyAcAra ko nezanAbUda karatA hai / manusmRti meM bhI kahA hai kiH ___ sAbhidhyAya zarIrAtsvAt , simRkSu vividhA prjaaH| apa evaM sasarjAdau, tAsu bIjamavAsRjat // arthAt vividha prakAra kI prajA ko utpanna karanevAle Izvarane prathama apane zarIra se dhyAna kiyA, jisa se pAnI kI utpatti huI aura usameM bIjAropaNa kiyaa| usase aMDA utpanna huaa| aMDe se brahmAjI paidA hue aura eka varSa paryaMta bhagavAn aMDe meM rhe| phira svayaM brahmAjIne dhyAna kiyA / dhyAna karake aMDe ke do vibhAga kiye| eka vibhAga kA svarga aura dUsare vibhAga kI pRthvI banI aura jo madhyabhAga thA vahAM AkAza huaa| yahA~ para yaha zaMkA hotI hai ki Izvarane jala kI utpatti zarIra ke dhyAna se kI to jala ko kahA~ rakkhA ! kyoMki AdhAra ke vinA Adheya kA rahanA asaMbhava hai aura Izvara ko zarIra hI nahIM to Izvarane zarIra se dhyAna kaise kiyA ! aura bhI kahA hai kiH dvidhA kRtvAtmano dehamardhena puruSo'bhavat / ardhana nArI tasyAM sa virAjamasRjat prabhuH / / arthAt Izvarane apane zarIra ke do vibhAga kiye / Adhe zarIra se puruSa kI utpatti huI aura Adhe se strI kii| sArAMza yaha hai ki hama Izvara ko sRSTi kA kartA mAna leM to Izvara kA Izvara nAma nirarthaka kahalAyagA; kyoMki Izvara ko ajara, amara, nirAgI, niSkA laMkI, azarIrI Adi zabdoM se saMbodhita karate haiN| kahA bhI hai ki, " kleza-karma vipAkAzayaraparAmRSTaH puruSavizeSa IzvaraH " arthAt kleza aura karma jisako nahIM haiM vahI Izvara hai / isaliye jaba Izvara avatAra dhAraNa karegA to usako rAga, dveSa, IrSyA, krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha aura janma-maraNa sahita evaM zarIrI mAnanA paDegA, jisameM uparoka kahI huI bAteM hoNgii| vaha Izvara nahIM kahA jA sakatA, kyoMki-" yatra yatra zarIraparigrahastatra tatra duHkham " jahA~ jahA~ zarIra dhAraNa karanA par3atA hai vahA~ duHkha hai| aba yahA~ para zaMkA aura hotI hai ki jaba Izvarane sRSTi kI racanA kI to vaha zarIra dhAraNa karake kI athavA vinA zarIra ke / yadi kaheM ki sazarIrI hokara kI to vaha zarIra hameM kyoM nahIM dikhatA ! arthAt dikhanA cAhiye, kyoM ki dUsarI vastuoM kA hama udAharaNa dete haiM ki ye sabhI vastueM buddhimAna kI banAI huI haiM aura ve hameM dikha rahI haiN| yadi kaheM ki bhagavAn kA zarIra hameM nahIM dikha
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________________ 362 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura sakatA to vinA zarIradhArI ke vastue~ nahIM bana sktiiN| AkAravAlI vastuoM kA banAnevAlA bhI AkAravAlA honA cAhiye / jaise kumbhakAra ghaTa ko banAtA hai| yadi kaheM ki yaha to bhagavAn kI lIlA hI vaisI hai to jahAM hama Izvara ko rAga, dveSa rahita mAnate haiM vahA~ para lIlA kA honA asaMgata bAta hai / lIlA to saMsArI jIva karatA hai-Izvara nahIM / jaba Izvara hokara lIlA karegA taba Izvara meM aura saMsArI jIva meM aMtara hI kyA hai, isIliye AnaMdaghanajIne kahA hai ki: koI kahe lIlA re lakha alakha taNI, lakha pUre mana Aza / doSa rahitane re lIlA navi ghaTe, lIlA doSa vilAsa / / bhagavAn mahAvIrasvAmI gautamasvAmI se pharamAte haiM kiH sayaM bhuNA kaDe loe, iti vuttaM maheSiNA / mAreNa saMthuyA mAyA, teNa loe asAsae // mAhaNa samaNA ege, Aha aMDakaDe jge| aso tattamakAsIya, AyaNaMtA musaM vade // ( nimranthapravacana ) arthAt he gautama ! kaI loga kahate haiM ki sukha aura duHkhamaya yaha saMsAra hai, jisakI racanA devatAoMne kI / kaI loga kahate haiM ki isa sRSTi kI racanA Izvarane kI / kaIyoM kA kahanA hai ki satva, raja, tama guNa samAna avasthA prakRti hai / usa prakRtine jagat kI racanA kI / koI kahate haiM ki svabhAva se hI banatA rahatA hai| jaise sakkara meM miThAza, puSpa meM sugaMdha, viSTA meM durgaMdha svabhAva se hI hai| usI prakAra svabhAva se hI sRSTi kI racanA huii| koI kahate haiM ki sRSTi ke pUrva jagat aMdhakAramaya thA / usa meM kevala viSNu hI the / unake hRdaya meM icchA huI ki maiM sRSTi kI racanA kruuN| usake anantara unhoMne sAre vizva ko racA / sRSTi kI racanA karane para bhI viSNu ke hRdaya meM vicAra sphurita huA ki ina saba kA samAveza nahIM ho skegaa| aisA vicAra karake paidA honevAloM ko mArane ke liye mRtyu aura yamarAja ko bnaayaa| usase mAyA utpanna huii| kaI loga kahate haiM ki prathama brahmAne eka aMDA bnaayaa| usake phUTane se Adhe kA svarga aura Adhe kA mRtyuloka bnaa| usake bAda parvata, nadI, samudra, nagara, gA~va Adi kI utpatti huI / isa prakAra sRSTi kI racanA kahate haiM ve satya ko nahIM jAnate / aura bhI bhagavAn pharmAte haiM kiH saehiM pariyAehiM, lopaM cyA kaDeti ya / tattaM te Na vijANaMti, Na viNIsI kayAI vi //
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________________ saMskRti sRSTikartA Izvara nhiiN| arthAt he gautama ! apanI-apanI kalpanA ke mutAbika loga kahate haiM ki sRSTi ko brahmA, viSNu, Izvara aura devatAne banAI / paraMtu vAstavika meM yaha bAta nahIM hai aura na ve usa bAta ko jAnate hI haiM / kyoM ki yaha saMsAra anAdi ananta kAla se calA A rahA hai / na to isakA Adi hai aura na anta / ye kAla ke svabhAva se nyUnAdhika hotA rahatA hai / saMpUrNa rUpa se sRSTi kA nAza bhI nahIM hotA / thor3I dera ke liye samajha lIjiye ki Izvara sRSTi kA kartA hai aura Izvarane manuSyayoni, devayoni, tiryazcayoni, pazu-pakSIyoni, narkayoni Adi yoniyA~ banAI-sRSTi kI racanA kI / to phira saMsAra meM eka sukhI, eka duHkhI, eka rAjA, eka raMka, eka buddhimAna aura eka nirAmUrkha, eka devaloka ke sukha kA bhokA, eka daridrI, eka acche-acche miSTAnna evaM bhinna-bhinna prakAra kI rasavatiyoM kA AsvAdana karatA hai aura eka ko muTThIbhara cane bhI cabAne ko nahIM milate / isakA kyA kAraNa !, Izvara meM aisA bheda-bhAva kyoM !, arthAt hama Izvara ko sRSTi kA kartA mAnate haiM to virodhAbhAsa mAlUma paDatA hai| Izvara to saMsAra ke sabhI prANI ko samAna bhAva se dekhanevAlA hai / isaliye Izvara sRSTi kA kartA nahIM kahalA sktaa| karma ko hI kartA mAnanA pddegaa| Izvara ko sRSTi kA kartA mAnanA Izvara para doSAropaNa karanA hai| jainazAstroM meM kahA gayA hai ki jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, vedanIya, mohanIya, AyuSya, nAma, gotra, antarAya ina aSTa kamoM kA jinhoMne jar3amUla nAza kara diyA ve phira saMsAra meM janma dhAraNa nahIM krte| unako janma dhAraNa karane yogya koI karma nahIM haiM aura kAraNa bhI nahIM haiM / kahA bhI hai ki: dagdhe bIje yathAtyantaM, prAdurbhavati naangkrH| karmabIje tathA dagdhe, na rohati mvaangkrH|| __ arthAt bIja ke jala jAne ke bAda aMkura paidA nahIM ho sakatA / usI prakAra karmarUpa bIja jala jAne ke pazcAt bhavarUpa aMkura paidA nahIM hotA yAnI janmamaraNa nahIM karanA pdd'taa| isa bAta kI puSTi karate hue gItA meM bhI kahA hai ki: na kartRtvaM na karmANi, lokasya sRjati vibhuH| na karmaphalasaMyoga, svabhAvastu pravartate // nAdatte kasyacitpApaM, na caivaM sukRtaM prbhuH| ajJAnenAvRtaM jJAnaM, tena muvanti jantavaH //
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________________ 364 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pratha darzana aura -Izvara na to sRSTi kI racanA karatA hai aura na kinhIM koM kA kartA hai / usI prakAra na vaha prANiyoM ko zubhAzubha karma ke phala ko denevAlA hai / sabhI svabhAva se hI hotA rahatA hai| kisI ke pApa-punya kA uttaradAyI bhI vaha prabhu nahIM hai| ye to ajJAna se jJAna kA AcchAdana ho jAne ke kAraNa prANI bhUlabhUlaiyA meM par3A huA hai| kahA bhI hai ki: nakSatra-prahapaJjaramaharnizaM lokakarmavikSiptam / bhramati zubhAzubhamakhilaM prakAzayat pUrvajanmakRtam // phira bhI kahA hai ki: sukhasya duHkhasya na ko'pi dAtA, paro dadAtIti kubuddhireSA / ahaM karomIti mithyAbhimAnaH, svakarma sUtragrathito hi lokaH / / arthAt sukha aura duHkha kA denevAlA koI bhI nahIM hai| dUsarA sukha yA duHkha detA hai, yaha kahanA kubuddhi hai| maiM karatA hUM aisA samajhanA mithyA abhimAna hai| sArA saMsAra apane karmarUpa sUtra se prathita hai / isaliye Izvara ko sRSTi kA kartA na mAnakara karma ko kartA mAnanA zAstrokta yuktisaMgata evaM hitAvaha hai|
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________________ bhAratIya saMskRti ke AdhAra DaoN0 maMgaladeva zAstrI, ema0 e0, DI0 phila0 ( oNksana ) jisa rUpa meM bhAratIya saMskRti kA prazna Aja deza ke sAmane hai, usa rUpa meM usakA itihAsa adhika prAcIna nahIM hai / to bhI yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki svatantratA-prApti ke anantara isa para vizeSa dhyAna gayA hai| vartamAna bhArata meM yaha prazna kyoM uThA ! yaha viSaya rucikara hone ke sAtha-sAtha manana karane ke yogya bhI hai| hamAre mata meM to isakA uttara yahI hai ki, videzIya saMghaTita vicAradhArA tathA rAjanaitika zakti ke AkramaNa kA pratirodha karane kI dRSTi se, hamAre manISiyoMne anubhava kiyA ki sahasroM varSoM kI kSudra tathA saMkIrNa sAMpradAyika vicAra-dhArAoM aura bhAvanAoM ke vighaTanakArI duSprabhAva ko deza se dUra karane ke lie Avazyaka hai ki janatA ke sAmane vibhinna dhArmika sampradAyoM meM eka sUtra-rUpa se vyApaka, maulika tathA samanvayAtmaka vicAra-dhArA rakhI jAya / bhAratIya saMskRti kI bhAvanA ko unhoMne aisA hI samajhA / vartamAna bhArata meM bhAratIya saMskRti ke prazna ke uThane kA yahI kAraNa hamArI samajha meM AtA hai| saMskRti zabda kA artha 'saMskRti ' zabda kA artha kyA hai ! isa prazna ke jhagar3e meM hama isa samaya par3anA nahIM cAhate / saba loga isakA kucha-na-kucha artha samajha kara hI prayoga karate haiN| to bhI prAyaH nirvivAda rUpa se itanA kahA jA sakatA hai ki "kasyApi dezasya samAjasya vA vibhinnajIvanavyApAreSu sAmAjikasambandheSu vA mAnavIyatvadRSTyA preraNApradAnAM tattadAdarzAnAM samaSTireva saMskRtiH / vastutastasyAmeva sarvasyApi sAmAjikajIvanasyotkarSaH paryavasyati / tayaiva tulayA vibhinnasabhyatAnAmutkarSApakarSoM miiyete| kiMbahunA ! saMskRtireva vastutaH / seturvidhRtireSAM lokAnAmasaMbhedAya ' (chAndogyopaniSad 8 / 4 / 1) ityevaM varNayituM zakyate / ataeva ca sarveSAM dharmANAM saMpradAyAnAmAcArANAM ca parasparaM samanvayaH saMskRterevAdhAreNa kartuM zakyate / " (prabandhaprakAza, bhAga 2, pR. 3) / 1. isa viSaya kA vizeSa vivecana, zIghra prakAzita honevAlI hamArI navIna pustk| 'bhAratIya saMskRti kA vikAsa' meM milegaa| (47)
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________________ 366 bhImad vijayarAjendrasari-smAraka-praya darzana aura isakA abhiprAya yahI hai ki kisI deza yA samAja ke vibhinna jIvanavyApAroM meM yA sAmAjika sambandhoM meM mAnavatA kI dRSTi se preraNA pradAna karanevAle una-una AdazoM kI samaSTi ko hI saMskRti samajhanA cAhie / samasta sAmAjika jIvana kI samApti saMskRti meM hI hotI hai / vibhinna sabhyatAoM kA utkarSa tathA apakarSa saMskRti ke dvArA hI nApA jAtA hai / usake dvArA hI logoM ko saMghaTita kiyA jAtA hai| isIlie saMskRti ke AdhAra para hI vibhinna dharmoM, sampradAyoM aura AcAroM kA samanvaya kiyA jA sakatA hai| - vidvAnoM kA isa viSaya meM aikamatya hI hogA ki Upara ke artha meM ' saMskRti' zabda kA prayoga prAyaH bilakula nayA hI hai / bhAratIya saMskRti ke viSaya meM vibhinna dRSTiyA~ saMskRti ke viSaya meM sAmAnya rUpa se uparyukta vicAra ke hone para bhI, bhAratIya saMskRti kI bhAvanA ke viSaya meM bar3I gar3abar3a dikhAI detI hai| isa viSaya meM deza ke vicArakoM kI prAyaH paraspara viruddha yA vibhinna dRSTiyAM dikhAI detI haiN| ___ isa viSaya meM atyanta saMkIrNa dRSTi una logoM kI hai, jo paramparAgata apane-apane dharma yA sampradAya ko hI ' bhAratIya saMskRti' samajhate haiN| saMskRti ke jisa vyApaka yA samanvayAtmaka rUpa kI hamane Upara vyAkhyA kI hai, usakI ora unakA dhyAna hI nahIM jAtA hai / ' kalyANa ' patrikA ne kucha varSa pahale eka * saMskRti-vizeSAMka ' nikAlA thaa| usa meM lekha likhane vAle adhikatara aise hI sajjana the, jinako kadAcit yaha bhI spaSTa nahIM thA ki prAcIna ' dharma, ' ' sampradAya ' ' sadAcAra ' Adi zabdoM ke rahane para bhI deza meM 'saMskRti ' zabda ke isa samaya pracalana kA mukhya lakSya kyA hai| dUsarI dRSTi una logoM kI hai, jo bhAratIya saMskRti ko, bhAratAntargata samasta sampradAyoM meM vyApaka na mAnakara, kucha viziSTa sampradAyoM se hI saMbaddha mAnate haiM / isa dRSTi vAle loga yadyapi uparyukta pahalI dRSTivAloM se kAphI adhika udAra haiM, to bhI dekhanA to yaha hai ki uparyukta vicAra-dhArA se prabhAvita bhAratIya saMskRti meM vartamAna bhArata kI kaThina sAMpradAyika samasyAoM ke samAdhAna ko tathA sAtha hI saMsAra kI satata pragatizIla vicAra-dhArA ke sAtha bhAratavarSa ko Age bar3hAne kI kahAM taka kSamatA hai / yadi nahIM, taba to yahI prazna uThatA hai ki kahIM bhAratIya saMskRti ke isa navIna Andolana se deza ko lAbha ke sthAna meM hAni hI na uThAnI par3e ! hameM to aisA pratIta hotA hai ki kucha hI dinoM pahale taka sabase sammAnita 'bhAratIya saMskRti' zabda uparyukta vicAra-dhArA ke kAraNa hI aba apane pada se nIce girane lagA hai|
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________________ saMskRti bhAratIya saMskRti ke AdhAra / 367. tIsarI dRSTi una logoM kI hai jo bhAratIya saMskRti ko deza ke kisI viziSTa eka yA aneka sampradAyoM se parimita yA baddha na mAna kara samasta sampradAyoM meM eka sUtra rUpa se vyApaka, ata eva sabake abhimAna kI vastu, kAphI lacIlI aura sahasroM varSoM se bhAratIya paramparA se prApta saMkIrNa sAmpradAyika bhAvanAoM aura viSamatAoM ke biMba ko dUra karake rASTra meM ekAtmakatA kI bhAvanA ko phailAne kA eka mAtra sAdhana samajhate haiM / spaSTataH isI dRSTi se bhAratIya saMskRti kI bhAvanA deza kI aneka viSama samasyAoM ke samAdhAna kA ekamAtra sAdhana ho sakatI hai / dUsarI ora, lakSya yA uddezya kI dRSTi se bhI, bhAratIya saMskRti ke sambandha meM logoM meM vibhinna dhAraNAeM phailI huI haiM / koI to isako pratikriyAvAditA yA pazcAdgAmitA kA hI poSaka yA samarthaka samajhate haiM / saMskRtirUpI nadI kI dhArA sadA Age ko bahatI hai, isa maulika siddhAnta ko bhUla kara ve prAyaH yahI svapna dekhate haiM ki bhAratIya saMskRti ke Andolana ke sahAre hama bhAratavarSa kI sahasroM varSoM kI prAcIna paristhiti ko phira se vApisa lA skeNge| pazcAdgAmitA kI isI vicAra-dhArA ke kAraNa deza kA eka bar3A prabhAva - sampanna varga bhAratIya saMskRti kI bhAvanA kA ghora virodhI ho uThA hai, yA kama se kama usako sandeha kI dRSTi se dekhane lagA hai / dUsare ve loga haiM, jo bhAratIya saMskRti ko deza ke paraspara virodhI tattvoM ko milAnevAlI, gaMgA kI satata agragAminI tathA vibhinna dhArAoM ko AtmasAt karanevAlI dhArA ke samAna hI satata pragatizIla aura svabhAvataH samanvayAtmaka samajhate haiM / prAcIna paramparA se jIvita sambandha rakhate hue vaha sadA Age hI bar3hegI / isIlie use saMsAra ke kisI bhI vastutaH pragatizIla vAda se na to koI vidveSa ho sakatA hai, na bhaya / uparyukta vibhinna vicAra-dhArAoM ke prabhAva ke kAraNa hI bhAratIya saMskRti ke AdhAra ke viSaya meM bhI vibhinna mata pracalita ho rahe haiM / sAmpradAyika dRSTikoNa isa sambandha meM janatA meM saba se adhika pracalita mata vibhinna sampradAyavAdiyoM ke haiN| lagabhaga do-DhAI sahasra varSoM se inhIM sampradAyavAdiyoM kA bolabAlA bhArata meM rahA hai| ina sampradAyoM ke mUla meM jo Arthika, jAtigata, samAjagata yA rAjanaitika kAraNa the, unakA vicAra yahAM hama nahIM kareMge; to bhI itanA kahanA aprAsaMgika na hogA ki isa do-DhAI sahasra varSoM ke kAla meM bhI bhAratavarSa kI rAjanaitika tathA sAmAjika paristhitiyoM meM ina sampradAyavAdiyoM kA kAphI hAtha rahA hai /
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka -graMtha darzana aura apane-apane sampradAya tathA paramparA ko hI sRSTi ke prArambha se brahmA, ziva Adi ke dvArA prAyaH pravartita kahanevAle tathA apane se bhinna sampradArthoM ko prAyaH apane se hIna kahanevAle logoM ke mata meM to ' vizuddha' bhAratIya saMskRti kA AdhAra unake hI saMpradAya ke prArambhika rUpa meM DhUMDhanA cAhie / 368 ye loga apane-apane saMpradAya se anantara - bhAvI yA bhinna saMpradAyoM ko prAyaH apane maulika dharma kA vikRta yA bigar3A huA rUpa hI samajhate haiM / udAharaNArtha manu ke cAturvarNya yo lokAzcatvArazvAzramAH pRthak / bhUtaM bhavyaM bhaviSyaM ca sarva vedAt prasiddhyati || (12/97 ) yA vedabAhyAH smRtayo yAca kAca kudRSTayaH / sarvAsta niSphalAH pretya tamoniSThA hi tAH smRtAH // utpadyante cyavante ca yAnyato'nyAni kAnicit / tAnyakkAlikatayA niSphalAnyanRtAni ca / / ( 12 / 95-96) arthAt cAturvarNya aura cAroM AzramoM ke sAtha-sAtha bhUta, vartamAna aura bhaviSya tathA tInoM lokoM kA parijJAna veda se hI hotA hai / vedabAhya jo bhI smRtiyAM yA saMpradAya haiM, ve tamaniSTha tathA navIna hone ke kAraNa niSphala aura mithyA haiM - ityAdi vacana, yugoM ke krama se dharma ke hrAsa kI kalpanA, manusmRti jaise granthoM meM zUdrarAjya kI vibhISikA, purANoM meM " nandAntaM kSatriyakulam " ( arthAt nandoM ke anantara vaidika saMpradAya ke poSaka kSatriya rAjAoM kA anta ), dharmazAstroM meM cAturvarNya ke siddhAnta ke sAtha saMkaraja jAtiyoM kI sthiti kI kalpanA, ityAdi samasta vicAra-dhArA unhIM saMpradAyavAdiyoM kA pratIka hai, jo bhAratIya saMskRti ko pragatizIla aura samanvayAtmaka na mAna kara kevala apane-apane saMpradAya meM hI apanI vicAradhArA ko baddha rakhate haiM / ekamAtra zabda - pramANa kI pradhAnatA, asahiSNutA kI bhAvanA aura bhArata ke vartamAna yA aitihAsika svarUpa ke samajhane meM vaijJAnika samaSTi dRSTi kA abhAva - ina bAtoM meM hI ina logoM kA mukhya vaiziSTya dIkha par3atA hai / yaha vicitra sI bAta haiM ki hamAre kucha Adhunika itihAsa-lekhaka tathA vicAraka bhI isa ( buddhi - pUrvaka yA abuddhi pUrvaka ) pUrvagraha ( Prejudice ) se zUnya nahIM haiM / sAMpradAyika yA jAtigata pUrvagraha ke kAraNa ve bhAratIya saMskRti ke itihAsa ke adhyayana meM
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________________ saMskRti bhAratIya saMskRti ke AdhAra / samaSTi-dRSTi na rakhakara ekAMgI dRSTi se hI kAma lete rahe haiM / kevala bauddhoM Adi para bhArata ke adhaHpatana kA doSa mar3hanA aise hI logoM kA kAma hai / aitihAsika gaveSaNA meM hamArI ekAMgI dRSTi kA pradhAna kAraNa yaha hotA hai ki hama prAyaH apanI dRSTi ko saMskRta sAhitya meM hI parimita kara dete haiN| para saMskRta sAhitya meM kitanI adhika ekAMgitA hai, isakA jvalanta pramANa isIse mila jAtA hai ki bauddhakAlIna usa itihAsa kA bhI, jisako hama bhArata kA svarNa-yuga kaha sakate haiM, saMskRta sAhitya meM prAyaH ullekha hI nahIM hai / 'vyAkaraNa mahAbhASya' meM pANini ke "yeSAM ca virodhaH zAzvatikaH" (2 / 4 / 9) (arthAt jina meM paraspara zAzvatika virodha hotA hai, unake vAcaka zabdoM kA dvandva samAsa eka vacana meM rahatA hai ) isa sUtra kA eka udAharaNa 'zramaNa-brAhmaNam ' diyA hai / isakA spaSTa artha yahI hai ki kama se kama IsA se kaI sau varSa pUrva se hI zramaNa (arthAt jaina, bauddha) aura brAhmaNoM meM sarpa aura nakula jaisI zatrutA rahane lagI thii| saMskRta sAhitya kI uparyukta ekAMgitA ke mUla meM aise hI kAraNa ho sakate haiM / yahI bAta saMskRtetara sAhityoM ke viSaya meM bhI kahI jA sakatI hai| vaijJAnika dRSTikoNa bhAratIya saMskRti ke AdhAra ke viSaya meM uparyukta sAMpradAyika tathA ekAMgI dRSTi ke mukAbale meM Adhunika vijJAnamUlaka aitihAsika dRSTi hai / isake anusAra bhAratIya saMskRti ko usake uparyukta atyanta vyApaka artha meM lekara, usako svabhAvataH pragatizIla tathA samanvayAtmaka mAnate hue, vaidika paramparA ke saMskRta sAhitya ke sAtha bauddha-jaina sAhitya tathA santoM ke sAhitya ke tulanAtmaka adhyayana, mUka janatA ke anaMkita vizvAsa aura AcAravicAroM ke parIkSaNa aura bhASA ke sAtha-sAtha purAtattva-sambandhI aitihAsika tathA prAgaitihAsika sAkSya ke anuzIlana ke dvArA samaSTi dRSTi se bhAratIya saMskRti ke AdhAroM kA anusandhAna kiyA jAtA hai| uparyukta donoM dRSTiyoM meM kisa kA kitanA mUlya hai, yaha kahane kI bAta nahIM hai| spaSTataH uparyukta vaijJAnika dRSTi se hI hama bhAratIya saMskRti ke usa samanvayAtmaka tathA pragatizIla svarUpa ko samajha sakate haiM, jisako hama vartamAna bhArata ke sAmane rakha sakate haiM aura jisameM bhArata ke vibhinna saMpradAyoM aura vargoM ko mamatva kI bhAvanA ho sakatI hai / hama isa lekha meM isI dRSTi se saMkSepa meM hI saMskRti ke AdhAroM kI vivecanA karanA cAhate haiN|
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________________ 370 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura bhAratIya saMskRti ke maulika AdhAra bhAratIya saMskRti ke AdhAra ke viSaya meM uparyukta samanvaya-mUlaka dRSTi kA kSetra yadyapi Aja ke vaijJAnika yuga meM atyadhika vyApaka aura vistRta ho gayA hai, to bhI yaha dRSTi nitarAM navIna-kalpanAmUlaka hai, aisA nahIM kahA jA sktaa| bhAratavarSa ke hI vidvAnoM kI paramparAgata prAcIna mAnyatAoM meM isa dRSTi kI puSTi meM hameM paryApta AdhAra mila jAtA hai / udAharaNArtha, saMskRta ke jJAtAoM se chipA nahIM hai ki vartamAna paurANika hindU dharma ke lie nigamAgamadharma nAma paMDitoM meM prasiddha hai / aneka suprasiddha granthakAroM ke lie, unakI prazaMsA ke rUpa meM 'nigamAgama-pArAvAra-pAradRzyA' kahA gayA hai / isakA artha spaSTataH yahI hai ki paramparAgata paurANika hindu dharma kA AdhAra kevala ' nigama ' yA veda na hokara, 'Agama' bhI hai / dUsare zabdoM meM vaha nigama-Agama-dharmoM kA samanvita rUpa hai| yahAM nigama' kA maulika abhiprAya, hamArI sammati meM, nizcita yA vyavasthita vaidika paramparA se hai, aura Agama' kA maulika abhiprAya prAcInatara prAgvaidika kAla se AtI huI vaidiketara dhArmika yA sAMskRtika paramparA se hai / 'nigamAgama-dharma' kI carcA hama Age bhI kareMge, yahAM to hameM kevala yahI dikhAnA hai ki prAcIna bhAratIya vidvAnoM kI bhI aspaSTa rUpa se yaha bhAvanA thI ki bhAratIya saMskRti kA rUpa samanvayAtmaka hai / isake atirikta sAhitya Adi ke svatantra sAkSya se bhI hama isI pariNAma para pahu~cate haiN| sabase pahale hama vaidika saMskRti se bhI prAcInatara prAgvaidika jAtiyoM aura unakI saMskRti ke viSaya meM hI kucha sAkSya upasthita karanA cAhate haiN| vaidika sAhitya ko hI lIjie / Rgveda meM vaidika devatAoM ke prati virodhI bhAvanA rakhanevAle dAsoM yA dasyuoM ke lie spaSTataH ' ayajyavaH ' yA ' ayajJAH ' ( =vaidika yajJa prathA ko na mAnanevAle ), ' anindrAH ' ( =indra ko na mAnanevAle ) kahA gayA hai / indra ko ina dasyuoM kI saikar3oM ' AyasI puraH ' ( =lohamaya yA lohavat dRr3ha puriyoM ko ) nAza karanevAlA kahA gayA hai| ___atharvaveda ke pRthvIsUkta meM - yasyAM pUrve pUrvajanA vicakrire yasyAM devA asurAnabhyavartayan " (12 / 15) ( arthAt jisa pRthvI para purAne logoMne vibhinna prakAra ke kArya kiye the aura jisa para devatAoMne 'asuroM' para AkramaNa kiye the ) spaSTataH prAgvaidika jAti kA ullekha hai / bhAratIya sabhyatA kI paramparA meM * devoM ' kI apekSA 'asuroM' kA pUrvavartI honA aura pramANoM se bhI siddha kiyA jA sakatA hai / saMskRta bhASA ke koSoM meM asuravAcI pUrvadevAH ' zabda se bhI yahI siddha hotA hai|
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________________ saMskRti / bhAratIya saMskRti ke AdhAra 371 baudhAyana dharmasUtra meM eka sthala para brahmacaryAdi AzramoM ke viSaya meM vicAra karate hue spaSTataH kahA hai " aikAzramyaM tvAcAryA prAhlAdi vai kapilo sa etAn bhedAMcakAra tAn manISI nAdriyeta / tatrodAharanti / nAmAsura Asa / 19 ( baudhAyana dharmasUtra 2 / 11 / 29-30 ) arthAt AzramoM kA bheda prahlAda ke putra kapila nAmaka asura ne kiyA thA / purANoM tathA vAlmIki rAmAyaNa Adi meM bhAratavarSa meM hI rahanevAlI yakSa, rAkSasa, vidyAdhara, nAga Adi ke aneka avaidika jAtiyoM kA ullekha milatA hai / jisa prakAra ina jAtiyoM kI smRti aura svarUpa sAhitya meM kramazaH aspaSTa aura manda par3ate gae haiM, yahA~ taka ki anta meM inako ' devayoni - vizeSa ' [tu0 vidyAdharapsaroyakSarakSo gandharvakinnarAH / pizAco guH siddho bhUto'mI devayonayaH // ( amarakoza ) ] mAna liyA gayA / isase yahI siddha hotA hai ki ye prAgaitihAsika jAtiyA~ thIM, jinako kramazaH hamArI jAtIya smRti ne bhulA diyA / agravAloM Adi kI anuzruti meM bhI 'nAga' Adi prAgaitihAsika jAtiyoM kA ullekha milatA hai / purANoM meM ziva kA jaisA varNana hai, vaha RgvedIya rudra ke varNana se bahutakucha bhinna hai / Rgveda kA rudra kevala eka antarikSa - sthAnIya devatA hai / usakA yakSa, rAkSasa Adi ke sAtha koI bhI sambandha nahIM hai / parantu paurANika ziva kI to eka vizeSatA yahI hai ki usake gaNa bhUta, pizAca Adi hI mAne gae haiM / vaha rAkSasa aura asuroM kA khAsataura para upAsya deva hai / isase yahI siddha hotA hai ki ziva apane mUlarUpa meM eka prAgvaidika devatA thA, jisakA pIche se zanaiH zanaiH vaidika rudra ke sAtha ekIbhAva ho gayA / I vaidika tathA pracalita paurANika upAsya devoM aura karmakANDoM kI pArasparika tulanA karane se bhI hama barabasa isI pariNAma para pahuMcate haiM ki pracalita hindU devatAoM aura karma - kANDa para eka vaidiketara, aura bahuta aMzoM meM prAgaitihAsika, paramparA kI chApa hai / prAcIna vaidika dharma kI apekSA paurANika dharma meM upAsya devoM kI saMkhyA bahuta bar3ha gaI hai| vaidika dharma ke aneka devatA ( brahmaNaspati, pUSA, bhaga, mitra, varuNa, indra ) yA to paurANika dharma meM prAyaH vilupta hI ho gae haiM yA atyanta gauNa ho gae haiN| paurANika dharma ke gaNeza, ziva-zakti aura viSNu ye mukhya devatA haiM / veda meM inakA sthAna yA to gauNa hai yA hai hI nahIM / aneka vaidika devatAoM (jaise viSNu, varuNa, ziva ) kA paurANika
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________________ 372 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pratha darzana aura dharma meM rUpAntara hI ho gayA hai| bhairava Adi aise bhI paurANika dharma ke anekAneka devatA haiM, jinakA vaidika dharma meM koI sthAna nahIM hai| paurANika deva-pUjA-paddhati bhI vaidika pUjA-paddhati se nitarAM mina hai / paurANika karmakANDa meM dhUpa, dIpa, puSpa, phala, pAna supArI Adi kI pade-pade AvazyakatA hotI hai / vaidika karmakANDa meM inakA abhAva hI hai| vaidika dharma se pracalita paurANika dharma ke isa mahAn parivartana ko hama vaidika tathA vaidiketara ( yA prAgvaidika ) paramparAoM ke eka prakAra ke samanvaya se hI samajha sakate haiN| isI prakAra hamArI saMskRti kI paramparA meM vicAra-dhArAoM ke kucha aise parasparavirodhI dvandva haiM, jinako hama vaidika aura vaidiketara dhArAoM ke sAhAyya ke binA nahIM samajha sakate / aise hI kucha dvandvoM kA saMketa hama nIce karate haiM: 1. karma aura saMnyAsa 2. saMsAra aura jIvana kA uddezya hamArA utarottara vikAsa hai / uttarottara vikAsa kA hI nAma amRtatva hai / yahI niHzreyasa hai| isake sthAna meMsaMsAra aura jIvana duHkhamaya haiM / ata eva heya haiM / inase mokSa yA chUTakArA pAnA hI hamArA dhyeya honA caahie| 3. jyotirmaya lokoM kI prArthanI aura narakoM kA nirantara bhaya / ina dvandvoM meM pahalA pakSa spaSTatayA vaidika saMskRti ke AdhAra para hai| dUsare pakSa kA AdhAra, hamArI samajha meM, vaidiketara hI honA caahie| . hameM to aisA pratIta hotA hai ki bhAratavarSa kI prAcInatara vaidiketara saMskRtiyoM meM hI dUsare pakSoM kI jar3a honI caahie| Upara saMnyAsAdi AzramoM kI utpatti ke viSaya meM jo baudhAyana dharmasUtra kA mata hamane diyA hai, usase bhI yahI siddha hotA hai| aisA hone para bhI hamAre deza ke adhyAtma-zAstra tathA darzana-zAstra kA AdhAra ye hI dvitIya pakSa kI dhAraNAeM haiN| 1 tulanA kIjie: --udvayaM tamasaspari svaH pazyanta uttaram / ( yaju0 20 / 21) tamaso mA jyotirgamaya / ityAdi / 2 naraka ' zabda Rgveda saMhitA, zukra yajurveda vA0 saMhitA, tathA sAmaveda saMhitA meM eka bAra bhI nahIM AyA hai| atharvaveda saMhitA meM kevala eka bAra prayukta huA hai|
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________________ saMskRti bhAratIya saMskRti ke AdhAra / 373 ye dhAraNAeM avaidika haiM, yaha sunakara hamAre aneka bhAI cauMka uTheMge, para hamAre mata meM to vastusthiti yahI dIkhatI hai / inhIM do prakAra kI vicAradhArAoM ko, bahuta aMzoM meM, hama kramazaH RSi - sampradAya - aura muni - sampradAya bhI kaha sakate haiM / ' RSi ' tathA ' muni ' zabdoM ke maulika prayogoM ke AdhAra para hama isI pariNAma para pahuMcate haiM / ' muni ' zabda kA prayoga bhI vaidikasaMhitAoM meM bahuta hI kama huA hai / hone para bhI usakA 'RSi' zabda se koI sambandha nahIM hai / RSi-sampradAya aura muni - sampradAya ke sambandha meM, saMkSepa meM, hama itanA hI yahA~ kahanA cAhate haiM ki donoM kI maulika dRSTiyoM meM hameM mahAnU meda pratIta hotA hai / jahA~ eka kA jhukAva Age calakara hiMsA-mUlaka mAMsAhAra aura tanmUlaka asahiSNutA kI ora rahA hai; vahA~ dUsare kA ahiMsA tathA tanmUlaka nirAmiSatA tathA vicAra - sahiSNutA ( tathA anekAntavAda ) kI ora rahA hai / jahA~ eka kI paramparA meM vedoM ko sunane ke kAraNa hI zUdroM ke kAna meM sIsA pilAne kA vidhAna hai, vahA~ dUsarI ora usane saMsAra bhara ke zUdrAti* zUda ke bhI, hita kI dRSTi se bauddha, jaina tathA santa sampradAyoM ko janma diyA hai / inameM eka mUla meM vaidika aura dUsarI mUla meM prAgvaidika pratIta hotI hai / 4. isI prakAra hamAre samAja meM varNa aura jAti ke AdhAra para sAmAjika bhedoM kA dvaividhya dIkhatA hai, vaha bhI isI prakAra kA eka dvandva pratIta hotA hai / 5. puruSavidhi devatAoM ke sAtha - sAtha strIvidhi devatAoM kI pUjA, upAsanA bhI isI prakAra ke dvandvoM meM se eka hai / 6. hama eka aura dvandva kA ullekha karake apane lekha ke upasaMhAra kI ora Ate haiM / vaha dvandva grAma aura nagara kA hai / yaha dhyAna dene yogya bAta hai ki jahA~ ' grAma' zabda vaidika saMhitAoM meM anekatra AyA hai, vahA~ ' nagara' zabda kA prayoga hameM eka bAra bhI nahIM milA / vaidika sAhitya aura dharmasUtroM meM bhI vaidika sabhyatA grAma pradhAna dIkhatI hai / dUsarI ora, nagaroM ke nirmANa meM maya jaise asuroM kA ullekha purANoM Adi meM milatA hai / nagaroM ke sAtha hI nAgarika zilpa aura kalA - kauzala kA vicAra saMbaddha hai / yaha vicAraNIya bAta hai ki vaidika saMskRti ke vAhaka UparI tInoM varNoM meM kalA aura zilpa kA koI sthAna nahIM hai| ina kAmoM ko karanevAloM kI to loga ' zUdoM meM gaNanA karate haiM / isa pravRtti kI vyAkhyA hamArI samajha meM uparyukta grAma tathA nagara ke dvandva meM, jo ki vaidika aura prAgvaidika paristhitiyoM kI ora saMketa karatA hai, mila sakatI hai /
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________________ 374 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pratha darzana aura upasaMhAra Upara ke anusaMdhAna se yaha spaSTatayA pratIta ho jAtA hai ki bhAratIya saMskRti ke maulika AdhAroM ke vicAra meM hama usakI pradhAna pravRttiyoM ko, jinameM aneka paraspara-virodhI dvandvA. tmaka pravRttiyA~ bhI haiM, kabhI nahIM samajha sakate, jaba taka hama yaha na mAna leM ki unake nirmANa aura vikAsa meM vaidika saMskRti kI dhArA ke sAtha-sAtha eka vaidiketara yA prAgvaidika dhArA kA bhI bar3A bhArI hAtha rahA hai| donoM dhArAoM ke samanvaya meM hI hameM una maulika AdhAroM ko DhU~DhanA hogaa| vaidika saMskRti ke samAna hI vaha prAgvaidika saMskRti bhI hamAre abhimAna aura garva kA viSaya honI caahie| Aryatva ke abhimAna ke pUrvagraha se yukta, aura bhArata meM apane sAtha sahAnubhUti kA vAtAvaraNa utpanna karane kI icchA se pravRtta yUropIya aitihAsikoM ke prabhAva se utpanna huI yaha bhAvanA ki-bhAratIya sabhyatA kA itihAsa kevala vaidika kAla se prArambha hotA hai, hameM barabasa chor3anI pdd'egii| bhAratIya saMskRti kI AdhyAtmikatA, tyAga kI bhAvanA, pAralaukika bhAvanA, ahiMsAvAda jaisI pravRttiyoM kI jar3a, jinake vAstavika aura saMyata rUpa kA hama ko garva ho sakatA hai, hamako vaidika saMskRti kI taha se nIce taka jAtI huI mileNgii| vaidika saMskRti kA bahuta hI bar3A mahatva hai, jisake viSaya meM eka svatantra lekha kI AvazyakatA hai, to bhI bhAratIya janatA ke samudra meM usakA sthAna sadA se eka dvIpa jaisA rahA hai / mUka janatA kI avasthA ke adhyayana se tathA mahArASTra Adi pradezoM meM vaidikoM kI apanI pRthak avasthiti se yahI siddhAnta nikalatA hai / vaidika aura prAgvaidika saMskRtiyoM kA samanvaya - vaidika aura prAgvaidika saMskRtiyoM kA ukta samanvaya adRSTavidhayA bahuta prAcIna kAla se hI prArambha ho gayA thaa| paraspara AdAna-pradAna se donoM dhArAyeM Age bar3hatI huI anta meM paurANika hindU dharma ke rUpa meM samanvita ho kara ApAtataH eka dhArA meM hI vikasita huii| isa samanvaya kA prabhAva dharma, AcAra-vicAra, bhASA aura rakta taka para pdd'aa| isake pramANoM kI yahAM Avazyaka nahIM hai| isI samanvaya ko dRSTi meM rakhakara, jaisA hamane Upara kahA hai, nigamAgama dharma nAma kI pravRtti huI / isIke AdhAra para sanAtanI vidvAn bahuta hI ThIka kahate haiM ki hamAre dharma kA AdhAra kevala ' zruti ' na ho kara zruti-smRti-purANa' haiN| paurANika anuzruti ke AdhAra para yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki isa samanvaya meM bahuta
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________________ saMskRti bhAratIya saMskRti AdhAra / 375 bar3A kAma bhagavAn vyAsa kA thA / apane samaya meM purANoM ke ' saMgraha ' yA ' saMpAdana ' meM unakA bar3A hAtha thA-- yahI paurANika prasiddhi hai / 'purANa' zabda kA artha hI uparyukta prAgvaidika saMskRti kI ora nirdeza karatA hai / unako sahayoga usa samaya ke anekAneka ' RSi-muniyoM' ne diyA hogA, jinameM se anekoM kI dhamaniyoM meM vyAsa ke sadRza hI donoM saMskRtiyoM kA rakta baha rahA thA aura prAyaH isI lie unakA vizvAsa donoM saMskRtiyoM ke samanvaya meM thA / yaha samanvita paurANika saMskRti jo ki bahuta aMzo meM vartamAna bhAratIya saMskRti merudaNDa ke samAna hai, na to kevala vaidiketara hI kahI jA sakatI hai; na usako hama yUropIya vidvAnoM ke abhiprAya se ' Arya saMskRti ' yA ' anArya - saMskRti ' hI kaha sakate haiM / usakI to samAna rUpa se uparyukta donoM dhArAoM meM sammAna kI dRSTi honI cAhie / yahI sanAtana dharma kI dRSTi hai / isI lie yUropIya prabhAva se hamAre dezake kucha logoM meM Arya, anArtha, vaidika, avaidika zabdoM ko lekara jo eka prakAra kA kSobha utpanna hotA hai, vaha vAstava meM nirAdhAra aura ahetuka hai / samanvita dhArA kI pragati aura vikAsa gaMgA-yamunA rUpI vaidika tathA vaidiketara dhArAoM ke saMgama se banI huI bhAratIya saMskRti kI yaha dhArA apane ' aitihAsika ' kAla meM bhI svabhAvataH sthira tathA eka hI rUpa meM nahIM raha sakatI thI / isa lambe kAla meM bhI tatkAlIna viziSTa paristhitiyoM aura AvazyakatAoM se utpanna honevAlI navIna dhArAoM se vaha prabhAvita hotI huI aura kramazaH una dhArAoM ko AtmasAt karatI huI, navInatara gambhIratA, vistAra aura pravAha ke sAtha Age bar3hatI rahI hai / vaidika aura vaidiketara saMskRtiyoM kA prArambhika samanvaya kevala nAma - mAtra meM hI thA / una donoM meM anekAneka svArthoM aura baddhamUla paramparAoM ke kAraNa aneka prakAra ke vaiSamya, gaMgA kI dhArA meM prArambha meM bahate hue paraspara TakarAnevAle Ter3he-mer3he zilAkhaNDoM ke samAna, cirakAla taka saMyukta - dhArA meM bhI vartamAna rahe / paraspara saMgharSa ke dvArA hI unhoMne apanI viSamatA ke rUpa ko dhIre-dhIre dUra kiyA hai aura bhAratIya saMskRti kI dhArA kI mahimA ko bar3hAyA / yaha kriyA aba bhI jArI hai aura jArI rahegI / isI meM bhAratIya saMskRti kI pragatizIlatA hai / uparyukta vaiSamyoM meM eka bar3A bhArI vaiSamya usa bar3I bhArI mAnavatA ke kAraNa thA, jisako usa samaya kI rAjanaitika, sAmAjika tathA dhArmika paristhitiyoMne saba prakAra se dalita kara rakhA thA / bhAratavarSa ke Age ke itihAsa meM pArasparika kriyA-pratikriyAoM dvArA utpanna
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha parzana aura honevAle jaina, bauddha, vaiSNava aura santa Adi AndolanoM kI utpatti aura prasAra meM uparyukta viSamatAoM kA bar3A bhArI hAtha thaa| samAjagata viSamatAoMne hI bhagavAn kRSNa, mahAvIra, buddha, kabIra, caitanya Adi mahApuruSoM ko janma diyA aura unhoMne una viSamatAoM ke dUra karane meM apane mahAn kArya ke dvArA bhAratIya saMskRti kI dhArA kI hI mahattA ko bddh'aayaa| bhAratavarSa ke itihAsa meM AnevAle isalAma aura IsAiyata ke AndolanoM ko bhI hama bhAratIya saMskRti kI dhArA ke pravAha se bilakula alaga nahIM samajhate / prathama to ina donoM kI AdhyAtmikatA aura naitikatA kA AdhAra 'eziyATika' saMskRti ke itihAsa kI paramparA ke dvArA bhAratIya saMskRti kI maulika dhArA taka pahu~ca jAtA hai| dUsare itihAsa-kAla meM bhI unakA, bhAratIya bauddha saMskRti kA RNI honA koI asvIkAra nahIM kara sakatA / tIsare, una donoM meM kama-se-kama 95 pratizata saMkhyA unhIM kI hai, jo prAcIna bhAratIya saMskRti ke hI uttarAdhikArI haiM, aura Aja bhI unameM sAMskRtika mUlya kI vastuoM para bhAratIyatA kI kAphI chApa hai / hamArA to vizvAsa hai ki hama sahiSNutA se kAma lete hue, unakI vAstavika dhArmika bhAvanAoM ko Thesa na pahu~cAte hue, unameM supta bhAratIyatA ko jagA sakate haiM / aura ve bhI bhAratIya saMskRti kI dhArA se pRthak nahIM raha sakate / hamAre mata meM bauddha, jaina Adi dhoM kI taraha hI, bhAratavarSa kI pUrvokta viSamatAoM se hI ina saMpradAyoM ke prasAra meM kAphI sahAyatA milI hai aura inake dvArA bhAratIya saMskRti bhI prabhAvita huI hai, aura usako kaI prakAra ke sAkSAt yA asAkSAt rUpa se lAbha bhI hue haiN| hama uparyukta saba AndolanoM ko bhI eka prakAra se bhAratIya saMskRti kA upakAraka aura AdhAra kaha sakate haiN| AvazyakatA hai ki hama bhAratIya saMskRti ke vikAsa ko samajhane ke lie upayukta samaSTi-dRSTi se kAma leN| pratyeka bhAratIya sAMpradAyika ekAMgI-dRSTi ko chor3akara bhAratIya saMskRti ke samasta kSetra ke sAtha apane mamatva ko sthApita kareM aura apane ko usakA uttarAdhikArI smjheN| yaha bhAratIya saMskRti svabhAvataH sadA se pragatizIla rahI hai aura rhegii| isameM apane jIvana kI jo abAdha dhArA baha rahI hai, usake dvArA hI yaha bhaviSya ke dezIya yA Antar rASTrika mAnavatA ke hita ke AndolanoM kA svAgata karatI huI, apanI ananta prAcIna paramparA kI rakSA karatI huI hI Age bar3hatI jAegI / isI bhAratIya saMskRti meM hamArI AsthA hai|
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________________ pUrveziyA meM bhAratIya saMskRti AcArya raghuvIra, em. e., pI. eca. DI., DI. liT, sadasya, rAjyasabhA / vikramAbda 120 meM vuMga samrAT miMga ko eka zubha rAtri meM divya svapna huA ki pazcima dizA ke AkAzamArga se ur3ate hue svarNamaya bhavyAtmAne mahala meM praveza kiyA / mahala jagamagA uThA / candra kI jyotsnA aura sUrya kI razmiyAM phIkI par3a giiN| mahArAjane caraNavandanA kI / prAtaH huA to jyotirvidoMne patA lagAyA ki yaha svarNakAya AtmA pazcima deza ke mahAmuni pAraMgata zuddhodana - putra zAkyasiMha samyak - sambuddha bhagavAna gautama haiM / tatkAla mahArAja miMgane tIna mahAmAtyoM ko thien cuo arthAt devabhUmi jambUdvIpa meM jAkara bauddhasUtra aura AcAryoM kA anveSaNa karane tathA satkArapUrvaka lAne ke lie Adeza diyA / ye dharmasUtra aura dharmAcArya gaveSaka rAjadUta kucha hI mAsa ke pazcAt bhArata ke do vidvadvatnoM ko sAtha lekara mahArAja miMga ke pAsa phuNce| ye vidvadvatna the kAzyapa mAtaMga aura dharmaratna / mahArAjane loyAMga nagara meM inake lie zvetAzva-vihAra kI sthApanA kI / hamAre pUrva puruSa mAtaMga aura dharmaratnane devAnAmindra zukra ke samAna zveta azvoM para ArUDha hokara jambUdvIpa se cIna kI rAjadhAnI taka yAtrA kI thI / inhIM para aneka dharmagrantha aura rajatasuvarNa marakata tathA sphaTika kI vizAla aura vaibhavamayI mUrtiyoMne bhI yAtrA kI thI / kAzyapa mAtaMga aura dharmaratnane 42 khaNDoM ke sUtra kA nirmANa kiyA aura cIna ke rAjakula meM buddhadharma ke AdarzoM kA paudhA lagAyA / kAzyapa mAtaMga madhya - jambUdvIpa ke nivAsI the / rAjanaitika halacala ke hote hue bhI loyAMga ke zvetAzva - vihAra meM dharmakArya banda nahIM huA / pazcima ke dezoM se paNDita aura munigaNa AryamArga ke siddhAntoM ko lAte rahe / vikramAbda 280 ke lagabhaga madhyabhArata se hInayAna ke AcArya dharmakAlane cIna meM praveza kiyA / dharmakAla kA janma bar3e gharAne meM huA thA / bAlyakAla meM inhoMne veda-vedAMgoM kA abhyAsa kiyA thaa| cIna meM Akara inhoMne prAtimokSasUtra kA anuvAda kiyaa| isa samaya taka cIna meM saMsAra - virakti kI bhAvanA kA sarvathA abhAva thaa| cInI saMskRti meM jIvana ke bhoga aura Ananda kA hI sthAna thA / cIna ko isa bhAvanA ke samajhane aura svIkAra karane meM lagabhaga 200 varSa lage / . ( 48 )
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________________ 378 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura AdikAla se bhArata ke samAna cIna ke do bhAga rahe haiM-eka uttarApatha aura dUsarA dkssinnaapth| cInI uttarApatha ke sAtha hamArA samparka sthalamArga se thA aura dakSiNApatha se jalamArga se / samudramArga vikrama se pUrva khula cukA thA / hamAre vidvAn aura sAhasI vyApArI sumAtrA, jAvA, thAI, kamboja aura campA hote hue dakSiNa cIna pahuMcA karate the| vikrama kI dUsarI zatAbdI meM campAsthita vokana ke saMskRta zilAlekha hamAre sAkSI haiM / Aja hama jo kucha Apako sunA rahe haiM usakA AdhAra cIna ke prAcIna itihAsa haiN| hamAre apane sAhitya meM eka bhI paMkti nahIM miltii| kucha hamArI itihAsa ke prati udAsInatA vA kucha karAlakAla kI kRpA jisake kAraNa sahasroM, lAkhoM grantha pichale eka sahasra varSoM meM prakRti athavA barbara AtatAyiyoMne nAza kie / ___ Aja kA bhAratIya nirutsAha, bhUmibaddha, sthApara sA, jar3abuddhi, dUsaroM kA muMha tAkane. bAlA pratIta hotA hai| prAcIna bhArata ke nivAsI vizadabuddhi, naye mAgoM ke anveSaka, asabhya dezoM ko sabhya banAnevAle, prakRti ke upAsakoM ko AdhyAtmikatA ke upadeza sunAne vAle, nirmala aura vizva ke gaurava the| hama meM unakA rakta vidyamAna hai, kintu unakI prakharatA aura jvAlA manda ho cukI hai| jisa samaya bhArata ke vaNikapAMta zilpiyoM, zilparatnoM, vidyAdhaniyoM tathA vidyAdhana se ladakara dvIpadvIpAntaroM meM jJAna aura vijJAna kA prakAza phailAne ke lie mAsAnumAsa, varSAnuvarSa gujarAta, kairala, cola, uDIsA aura baMga ke samudrataToM se prasthAna karate the, vaha samaya bhAratIya mastiSkoM meM prAtaH sAyaM smaraNArtha divyAkSaroM meM aMkita kara denA caahie| bhArata Alasya ko dUra kare, andhatamas se unmagna ho, kAMToM aura pattharoM ko haTAtA huA, garajatA huA Age bar3he / yahI to hamAre pUrvajoM kA itihAsa hai| aba cIna ke bhAratIya dhArmika vijetAoM, nahIM-nahIM, cIna ke bhAratIya dhArmika guruoM meM se kucha ke caritra saMkSepataH Apako sunAte haiN| vikrama kI tIsarI zatAbdI meM yAnika brAhmaNa kulodabhUta paNDita vighnane dezadezAntaroM meM paryaTana karate hue laMkA se dharmapada nAmaka prasiddha grantha ko hastagata kiyA aura vahAM se cIna ko prasthAna kiyaa| yaha grantha abhI taka vidyamAna hai| isameM zikSA, zraddhA, zIla, bhAvanA, yamaka, pramAdacittAdi tathA nirvANa, saMsAra aura saubhAgyAnta 36 adhyAya haiM / vikramAbda 322 meM vu. vAi aura zU ina tInoM rAjavaMzoM kA hrAsa hokara pAzcAtya cina vaMza kA udaya huaa| isa vaMza ke AdhI zatAbdI ke rAjya meM bhAratIya vidvAn aura
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________________ saMskRti pUrveziyA meM bhAratIya saMskRti / 379 unake sahAyakoMne 500 se adhika granthoM kA cInI meM anuvAda kiyA / kevala bhAratIya hI nahIM, kintu madhyeziyA, turkisthAna aura svayaM cIna ke paNDitoMne dharmarakSa Adi saMskRta nAma dhAraNa kie aura bhAratadharma kI sevA kii| amitAbha aura avalokitezvara ke saMpradAyoM kA Arambha huaa| saddharmapuNDarIka aura paMcaviMzati sAhasikA--prajJApAramitA jaise jaTila aura durUha kintu yugapravartaka mahAn granthoM kA cIna ke jIvana meM praveza huaa| dakSiNa meM nAnakiMga Arambha se hI bhAratadharma kA kendra rhaa| vikramAbda 374 meM prAcya cin vaMza kI aruNimA ke sAtha bhAratadharma kA dIpa bhI camaka utthaa| bhAratIya vidvAnoM kA nAnakiMga meM tAMtA baMdha gayA / rAjaputra zrImitrane rAjyabhAra chor3a kara dharmasevA ko apanAyA aura uttara cIna se hotA huA nAnakiMga meM A pahuMcA / zrImitra tAntrika thA / isIne cIna meM tantra kA prasAra kiyaa| tAntrika mantroM athavA dhAraNiyoM kA isane cIniyoM ko zuddha uccAraNa sikhalAyA / inakI vizvavikhyAta dhAraNI mahAmAyUrI vidyArAjJI hai| inhIM dinoM dharmaratnane Agama sAhitya ke 110 saMskRta granthoM kA cInI meM bhASAntara kiyaa| isa yuga meM uttara aura dakSiNa donoM hI bhAgoM meM AgamoM kA anuvAda bar3e vega se calA / inameM se gautama saMghadeva kazmIra ke nivAsI the / saMghadeva sarvAstivAda ke anuyAyI the| unhoMne hI cIna meM bhAratIya darzana kA zrIgaNeza kiyA tathA jJAnaprasthAna aura mahAvibhASA jaise abhidharma ke mukhya anthoM kA cInI meM bhASAntara kiyaa| cInI sAhitya meM isase pUrva darzanazAstra kA sarvathA abhAva thA, isa abhAva kI pUrti saMghadeva aura unake anuyAyiyoM ne kI / inake kAma ko buddhabhadrane Age bddh'aayaa| buddhabhadra kA janma kapilavastu meM huA thA / ye zAkyamuni ke pitRvya amRtodana ke vaMzaja the / kazmIra meM raha kara inhoMne vinaya kA adhyayana kiyA / jaba prasiddha cInI yAtrI phAhiyena kazmIra meM Ae aura inake gaMbhIra pANDitya kA sAkSAt kiyA to prArthanA kI ki bhagavan cIna meM calie aura pravacana kIjie / uttara bhAratakhaNDa ko pAra karate hue gaMgAsAgara saMgama ke samIpa se buddhabhadrane jalayAna para padArpaNa kiyA aura vahAM se ToMkina pahuMce aura Tokina se cIna / cIna meM unakA kUcA ke bhikSu kumArajIva se zAstrArtha huA aura taba se unakI khyAti AThoM dizAoM meM phaila gii| ye cIna meM avataMsaka sampradAya ke pravartaka bane / saMkSepa meM ina kA siddhAnta nimna prakAra hai| pratyeka bhUmi ke kaNa meM asaMkhya buddha vidyamAna haiM jo avarNanIya udAtta-bhAvapUrNa asaMkhya lokoM kI abhivyakti karate haiM / inakA AbhAsa eka kSaNa meM aura eka vicArasUtra meM saMgrathita hai| ye sUtra, bhUta va vartamAna aura bhaviSyat ke samasta kalpoM kI pranthi haiN| nikhila
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________________ 380 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura buddhakSetra aura buddha AtmAeM mere apane kAya meM abAdha AvirbhUta hotI haiM aura eka kezAna para bhI eka vizAla buddhakSetra dRSTigocara ho jAtA hai| pratyeka dravya meM anya samasta dravya antarviddha tathA vyApta haiM / eka bhI kaNa ke nAza hone se samasta vizvasaMhati apUrNa ho jAtI hai / anyonya praveza, anyonya Azraya mahAyAna vicAradhArA ke zikhara haiM / jaba taka antardRSTi kI upalabdhi nahIM hotI taba taka jagat indriyoM ke gocara taka hI sImita rahatA hai aura manuSya duHkha aura pIr3A se bAhara nahIM nikala sakatA / buddha kI karuNA samantabhadra, arthAt saba kA bhalA ho, isa bhAvanA se prANiyoM ko apanI godI meM letI hai / chaH pAramitAoM ke dvArA dazami ArohaNa karane para bodhisatva avasthA se manuSya buddhAvasthA ko prApta hotA hai| vikrama kI pAMcamI zatAbdI ke prakhyAta vidvAn dharmanandI haiM / ye saMskRta Agama sAhitya ke parama vijJa the / inakA janma turuSka deza meM huA thaa| inake avaziSTa granthoM meM ekotarAgama tathA azokarAjaputracakSurbhedanidAnamUtra vizeSa ullekha ke yogya hai| bhAratIyatA kA jahAM cAroM aura sammAna thA vahAM kabhI kabhI kanaphyUzas aura tAau mata ke anuyAyiyoM se saMgharSa bhI ho jAtA thaa| ina saMgharSoM meM choTe aura bar3e rAjA bhI bhAga liyA karate the| anekoM bAra virodhI rAjAoMne cInI bhikSuoM ko balAt gRhastha meM praveza karAyA aura bauddha vihAroM ko bhasmasAt kiyaa| kintu aisI sthiti kucha samaya taka hI aura kabhI kabhI hI huA karatI thI / bhAratadharma kA cIna meM uttarottara Adara aura pracAra phelatA gyaa| lAkhoM, karor3oM cIniyoMne buddhadharma kI zaraNa lii| cIna kI lipi zabdalipi hai, isa lipi kA zabda kI dhvani se koI sambandha nahIM / varNamAlA kI kalpanA hI nahIM / jo vyakti par3hanA, likhanA, sIkhanA cAhatA hai usako sahasroM hI citramaya cinhoM kA abhyAsa karanA par3atA hai / samasta jIvana lagAne para bhI koI cInI vidvAn yaha nahIM kaha sakatA ki maiM likhe hue saba zabdoM ko par3ha sakatA hUM / jisa samaya bhAratavarSa ke sahasroM nAma cIniyoM ke sAmane Ae to prazna uThA inako cInI meM kisa prakAra likhA jaae| isake samAdhAnasvarUpa bhAratIya nAmoM kA anuvAda kiyA gayA / jaise buddha bhagavAna kA nAma / isako do akSaroM ke saMyoga se abhivyakta kiyA gyaa| pahalA akSara navAcI aura dUsarA manuSyavAcI / isa saMyoga kA bhAvArtha-jo manuSya nahIM, kintu manuSyoM se Upara hai / prAyaH anuvAda vyutpatti ke anusAra kie ge| yathA nAgArjuna kA nAma cInI nAga-aura zveta-vAcI akSaroM ke saMyoga se / kintu tantrazAstra ke mantroM kI zakti mukhyatayA dhvani meM nihita hai / isalie mantroM
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________________ saMskRti 381 pUrveziyA meM bhAratIya saMskRti / ko cInI meM likhane kI paddhati kA AviSkAra kiyA gyaa| isa AviSkAra ke lie cIna Aja taka bhArata kA RNI hai| ___ Age calane se pUrva maiM Apa ko kazmIra-nivAsI brAhmaNa buddhayazas aura usake sarvetihAsa vikhyAta ziSya kumArajIva kA paricaya karA detA huuN| kumArajIva kA itihAsa vicitra hai / cIna ke samrAT ne kUcA ke rAjA ke pAsa kumArajIva ko mAMgane ke lie apane dUta bheje| kUcA meM kumArajIvane apane jIvana ke 30 varSa vyatIta kie the| usane kumArajIva ko dene se nakAra kiyaa| cIna ke rAjadUta senApati lU kuAMgane yuddha kI ghoSaNA kI / kUcAne kArAgAra aura okha tuphUni ke mitra rAjyoM se sahAyatA kI prArthanA kI / ghamAsAna yuddha huaa| kUcA aura usake sAthI hAra gae / kumArajIva ko bandI banA kara cIna meM lAyA gyaa| isa antarAla meM cIna ke samrAT kA dehAnta ho gayA / aura abhimAnI senApati lU kuAMga ne kAMsu prAnta meM apanA svatantra rAjya pratiSThApita kiyaa| isa rAjya kA dIparatna kumArajIva thaa| pandraha varSa kI avadhi taka arthAt 458 vikramAbda taka kumArajIva yahAM rahA / tatpazcAt kumArajIva cIna kI mukhya rAjadhAnI cAMgAna meM lAyA gyaa| isako rAjyaguru kI padavI dI gaI / kumArajIva ke pravacanoM ke lie vizAla bhavana nirmANa kiyA gayA, jisameM tIna sahasra ziSya pratidina unakA pravacana sunate the| kumArajIva ke pitA bhAratIya kumArAyaNa the aura inakI mAtA kUcA ke mahArAja kI bahina jIvA thii| kumArajIva saMskRta aura cInI ke advitIya paNDita the| kumArajIva ke jIvana kA Adarza cIniyoM ko sacce dharma kA jJAna karAnA thaa| abhI taka jo saMskRta granthoM ke anuvAda cInI meM hue the, ve vicAra aura bhASA kI zuddhatA meM mUla saMskRta kI koTi taka na pahuMcate the / so kumArajIvane purAne anuvAdoM kA saMzodhana aura naye anUdita granthoM kA bhASAntaraNa apane hAtha meM liyaa| isa bRhat kArya meM ATha sau vidvAnoM kI senA kumArajIva ko dI gaI / inameM bhAratIya aura cInI sammilita the| kumArajIvane apane jIvana ke antima bAraha varSa isa kArya ko arpaNa kie| bhArata aura uttara dezoM ke itihAsa meM kumArajIva kA nAma sarvaprathama rhegaa| kumAra. jIvane kevala granthoM kA hI anuvAda nahIM kiyA, kintu mAdhyamika aura yogAcAra ke siddhAntoM ko bhI cIna meM praveza kraayaa| kumArajIvane mahAyAna ke saMsthApaka azvaghoSa kI jIvanI likhI / yaha abhI taka cInI bhASA meM vidyamAna hai| nAgArjuna ke atyanta zUnyatAvAda para kumArajIva ke grantha anupama haiN| hamAre pUrvapuruSoM kA cIna meM dharmapracAra kA itihAsa ati vizAla hai| vikrama kI 11
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________________ pa8ra zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura vIM zatAbdI taka hamAre pUrvaja cIna meM jAte rhe| 1029 vikramAbda meM cInI tripiTaka kA prathama mudraNa huaa| isa mudraNa ke lie 1,30,000 kASThapaTTa utkIrNa kie ge| yaha puNya kArya prathama suMga samrAT ke rAjyakAla meM huaa| samrATa ne svayaM tripiTaka kI bhUmikA likhii| agale 400 varSoM meM tripiTaka ke bIsa bhinna saMskaraNa prakAzita hue| dasavIM zatAbdI taka saMskRta granthoM kA anuvAda vega se calatA rhaa| tatpazcAt gati dhImI par3a gii| 1068 vikramAbda meM dharmarakSa kI adhyakSatA meM nayA anuvAda-maNDala banAyA gyaa| 11 vIM zatAbdI ke anta meM madhyeziyA para musalamAnoM kA adhikAra huaa| taba se bhArata aura cIna kA samparkamArga sadA ke liye banda kara diyA gyaa| vikramAbda 1486 meM mahArAjA yun-laune vibhinna bhASAoM kA vidyAlaya bnaayaa| isa vidyAlaya meM saMskRta-adhyApana kA AdaraNIya sthAna thaa| cIna se bhAratadharma koriyA meM pahuMcA / vikramAbda 429 meM cIna ke samrATne koriyA meM bauddha sUtra aura mUrtiyAM bhejiiN| bAraha varSa ke pazcAt bhikSu mArAnanda pAkaceI nagara meM gyaa| isake pacAsa varSa anantara bauddha bhikSu sillAnagara meM pahuMca ge| rAjaoMne jIvita prANiyoM kI hiMsA kA niSedha kiyA / rAjaputroMne kASAya dhAraNa kiyaa| sthAna-sthAna para bauddha vihAra banAyA gyaa| koriyA se 595 vikramAbda meM mahArAja kudArane bhagavAna buddha kI mUrti, bauddha stra aura patAkAeM jApAna ke samrATa ko upAhArarUpa meM bhejI aura saMdeza diyA ki Apa bhI isa sarvotkRSTa dharma kA pratigrahaNa kreN| isase Apako tathA ApakI prajA ko aparimita lAma hogaa| yaha dharma bhArata aura koriyA ke bIca sabhI dezoM kA dharma hai| yaha saMdeza rAjasabhA . meM sunaayaa| isa samaya jApAna kI rAjasabhA ke do pakSa the, inameM se ekane saMdeza kA svAgata kiyA aura dUsarene virodha / 650 vikramAbda meM jApAna kA pahalA saMvidhAna banA aura usameM buddha, dharma aura saMgha. rUpI triratna ko apanA AdhAra banAyA gyaa| rAjakIya koSa kI sahAyatA se vihAra, vidyAlaya, cikitsAlaya tathA vRddha aura anAthoM ke lie dharmazAlAeM banAI giiN| sUtroM ke adhyayanArtha cIna ko vidyArthI bheje gae / prathama praveza ke 70 varSa pazcAt jApAna meM mandiroM kI saMkhyA 46, bhikSuoM kI 816 aura bhikSuNiyoM kI 569 ho cukI thii| bauddhadharma dinAnudina unnati karatA gyaa| deza ke rakSaka bhagavAn buddha bne| vikramAnda 798 meM vairocana buddha kI 53 phuTa UMcI kAMsyamUrti kI nIMva DAlI gii|
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________________ saMskRti pUrveziyA meM bhAratIya saMskRti / 383 Aja jApAna meM bauddhadharma ke aneka sampradAya hai| prathama jo do sampradAya, ve pazcimavartI bhAratadeza kI sukhAvatI nAma svargabhUmi ke mAnanevAle haiM / amitAbha buddha inake rakSaka haiM / jaina athavA dhyAna sampradAya, yoddhA aura kSatriyoM meM bahuta pracalita haiN| dhyAnAbhyAsa se ve kaThora yAtanAeM apane Adarza ke pAlana ke lie sahana kara sakate haiM / nicirena sampradAya saddharmapuNDarIka nAma ke japa ko hI sarvakalyANa kA sAdhana mAnatA hai| tendAI aura tAntrika ziMgona kA prabhAva ucca kuloM meM adhika hai| tathA jodo aura ziMsu sAdhAraNa janatA meM phaile hue haiN| __ koriyA aura jApAna se bhArata kA sIdhA samudra dvArA tathA cIna dvArA samparka avazya rahA, kintu vahAM jAnevAle bhAratIya AcAryoM, zilpiyoM aura vyApAriyoM Adi ke nAma aura caritoM kI sUcanA kA abhI taka koI srota upalabdha nahIM huaa| ___ yadi bhagavAn Apa ko pUrveziyA ke dezoM ke paryaTana kA saubhAgya pradAna kareM Ara Apa tibbata se apanA bhramaNa Arambha kareM to samasta tibbata, maMgoliyA bAhya tathA Abhyantara, maMcUriyA, koriyA, cIna aura jApAna ke grAmoM, parvatoM aura nadI nAloM ke taTasthita mandiroM tathA bhaktoM ke bhavanoM meM devanAgarI akSaroM meM likhe hue saMskRta mantroM ko dekha kara apane do sahasra varSa prAcIna pUrvapuruSoM ke lagAye hue puNya vRkSa ke phalaphUloM se apanI AtmA kI tRpti kara sakate haiM, aura yadi apane kartavya kA tanika dhyAna ho to bhAratamAtA ko phira eka bAra unnati ke mArga para le jAne ke lie kaTibaddha ho sakate haiN| bhadraM shrotRbhyH|
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________________ viziSTa yogavidyA zrImadvijaya yatIndrasUrIza ziSya muni devendravijaya // " sAhityapremI" yogaH kalpataruH zreSTho, yogazcintAmaNi prH|| yogaH pradhAnaM dharmANAM, yogaH siddheH svayaM grahaH // 37 // kuNThI bhavanti tIkSNAni manmathAstrANi sarvathA / yogavarmAvRtte citte tapazchidra karANyapi // 39 / / yogaH sarvavipadallI, vitAne parazuH shitH| AmUlamaMtrataMtraM-va kArmaNaM nivRtizriyaH // 5 // isa saMsAra meM anAdikAla se jar3avAdI aura AtmotthAnAkAMkSiyoM kI AdhyAtmika ye do vicAra-paramparAe~ pracalita haiN| donoM vicAradhArAvAdiyoMne vizva ke carAcara saMbaMdhI samasta praznoM ko samajhane-samajhAne kA atyadhika prayatna kara apane-apane siddhAntoM kI utpatti kI hai| donoM vicAra-zreNiyA~ chattIsa (36) ke aMka ke samAna judI judI haiN| jar3avAdI dhArA ke mAnanevAle mAnate haiM kiH - indriyoM kA sukha hI vAstavika sukha hai| isako prApta karane ke liye kiye jAte huye prayatnoM meM pApa-puNya kI darAra vRthA hai / nIti aura anIti kA prazna DhoMga mAtra hai / sukhabhoga ke liye yadi jaghanya se jaghanya kArya bhI kiyA jAya to koI harja nahIM hai / cUMki zarIra bhasmIbhUta ho jAne para to punarAgamana hai hI nhiiN| yaha to vRka padavat vRthA banAyA gayA bhrAmaka DhakosalA mAtra hai / Adhibhautika sukha hI vAstava meM jIvana kA Ananda hai| ataH he manuSyo, ise prApta karane ke prayatna kro|' isa jar3avAdI mAnyatA ke ThIka viparIta AdhyAtmika pathAnugAmI kI mAnyatA hai / aihika sukha unakI dRSTi meM sarvathA anucita haiM / aihika sukha ekadama avAMchanIya haiM / ataH ye Astika dharma kahe jAte haiN| jaina, vaidika aura bauddha tInoM dharma AdhyAtmika bhAvapradhAna haiM / indriyajanya viSayasukha ko mAnanevAle nAstika haiM-jaise caarvaak| ___ AryAvarta ke Astika darzana jaina, vaidika aura bauddha ina tInoM kA sukhanirUpaNa lagabhaga samAna hai| tInoM kA lakSya Atma-vikAsaka hai| AdhyAtmika sukha ko prApta karanA, karmamala kA kSaya karanA ina do ko tInoM dharmoMne bhinnabhinna DhaMga se samajhAyA evaM batalAyA hai| 1 zrIharibhadrasUrikRta yogbindu| 2 zrIhemacandrasUrikRta yogazAstra / (49)
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________________ saMskRti viziSTa yogavidyA / yoga zabda "yuj " dhAtu se karaNa aura bhAvavAcI ghay pratyaya lagane para banatA hai-jisakA artha hai "yuji ca samAdhau" yAne samAdhI ko prApta honA / yoga yaha eka mahAn Atma-pragati kA mArga hai, jo vAstava meM AtmA ko abhilaSita sthAna-mokSa taka pahuMcAne meM samartha hai| jaina darzana meM yoga kA atIva mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| jaina darzana prAyaH sampUrNa rUpeNa yaugika sAdhanAmaya hai| pAtaMjala yogadarzana meM 'yogazcittavRttinirodha' se yoga ko citta kI caMcalavRttiyoM kA nirodhaka kahA gayA hai| vaise hI jaina darzana meM yoga ko mokSa kA aMga mAnA gayA hai- "mukkheNa joyaNAo jogo" yAne jina jina sAdhanoM se AtmA kamoM se vimukta hokara nija lakSyabindu taka jAkara rAga-dveSa evaM kAma krodha para vijaya prApta kare una-una sAdhanoM ko yogAMga kahA gayA haiN| isa prakAra AtmonnatikAraka jitane bhI dhArmika sAdhana haiM ve saba yoga ke aMga haiN| maharSi pataMjalikRta yogadarzana meM kahA gayA hai ki yoga ke aSTAMgoM kI paripUrNa rItyA sAdhanA-anuSThAna karane se citta kA azubha mala kA nAza hotA hai aura AsmA meM zuddhabhAva (samyagjJAna-kevalajJAna) kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai| ve aSTAMga ye haiM-yama, niyama, Asana, prANAyAma, pratyAhAra, dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhi / sAdhanAkartA vyakti jitane-jitane aMza meM yogAnuSThAna karatA hai utane-utane aMza meM citta ke azuddha-mala kA nAza hotA hai aura jitane-jitane aMza meM karmamala kA kSaya hotA haiM, utane-utane aMza meM usakA jJAna bar3hatA hai| anta meM jJAna kA yaha vikAsa samyagjJAna-kevalajJAna meM apanI antima parAkASThA ko prApta hotA hai| isa taraha yoga ke aSTa aMgoM kA anuSThAna karane para citta ke azuddha mala kA nAza aura vivekakhyAtisamyagjJAna kA prAdurbhAva-ye do phala niSpanna hote haiM / yoga ke aSTAMgoM meM yama, niyama, Asana, prANAyAma aura pratyAhAra ye pAMca bahiraMga sAdhana haiM aura dhAraNA, dhyAna tathA samAdhi ye tInoM aMtaraMga sAdhana kahe gaye haiN| pAMca aMga cittagata malake kSaya karane meM sahA. yaka haiM aura anta ke tIna aMga vivekakhyAtodaya kevalajJAna prApta karane meM sahAyabhUta haiM / ___ ukta aSTAMgoM kA svarUpa-phala aura inakI sAdhanA se milane vAlI labdhiyoM kA pAtaMjalayogadarzana meM bar3A hI vistRta aura parama vyavasthita vivecana kiyA gayA hai / 3 zrIhAribhadrIya yogaviMzatikA gA. 11 4 yogAMgAnuSThAnAdazuddhikSaye jJAnadIptIH Aviveka khyAte (sAdhanApAda sUtra 28 vA~) 5 yamaniyamAsanaprANAyAmapratyAhAradhAraNAdhyAnasamAdhayo'STAvaMgAni / ( sAdhanApAda sUtra 29 vA~)
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________________ 381 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura jaina darzana meM ukta yogAMgoM kA Agamavihita svarUpa kyA hai ?, basa isI sthUla viSaya kA digdarzana yathAmati karavAnA hI isa laghu nibandha kA uddezya hai| 1 yamA--yoga ke ATha aMgoM meM sarvaprathama sthAna yama kA hai| ahiMsA, satya, asteya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha ina pAMcoM mahAvratoM kI saMjJA 'yama' hai| jainAgamoM meM ina pAMcoM kI mahAvrata aura aNuvrata saMjJA hai / jainAgamoM meM aura pAtaMjalayogadarzana meM isa viSaya meM kahIM-kahIM kacitta varNana-zailI kI bhinnatA ke sivAya kucha bheda nahIM hai / ukta pAMcoM yamoM (bratoM) ko trikaraNa-triyogase pAlana karanevAlA sarvavirati-sAdhu-zramaNa-bhikSu aura dezataH paripAlana karane vAlA dezavirati-zramaNopAsaka yA zrAvaka kahalAtA hai| (1) ahiMsA--pAMca yamoM meM prathama sthAna ahiMsA kA hai / " pramattayogAt prANavyaparopaNaM hiMsA" arthAt pramattayoga se honevAle prANavadhako, vaha sUkSma kA ho yA bAdara kA-trasa kA ho yA sthAvara kA, hiMsA kahate haiN| hiMsA kI vyAkhyA kAraNa aura kArya ina do bhedoM se kI gaI hai| pramattayoga-rAgadveSa yA asAvadhAna pravRtikAraNa hai aura hiNsaakaary| tAtparya yaha hai ki pramattabhAva meM honevAle prANIvadhako hiMsA kahate haiN| ThIka isa se viruddha apramattabhAva meM ramaNa karate huye rAgadveSAvasthA se pare raha kara prANI mAtra ko kaSTa - nahIM pahuMcAnA ahiMsA hai| (2) satya--asadabhidhAnamanRtam / asatya bolane ko amRta kahate haiN| bhaya, hAsya, krodha, lobha, rAga aura dveSAbhibhUta ho satya kA gopana karate huye jo vacana kahA jAya vaha asatya hai / aura vicArapUrvaka, nirbhaya ho, krodhAdi ke Aveza se rahita ho tathA ayogya prapaMcoM se rahita hokara jo vacana hita, mita aura madhura guNoM se samanvita kara ke kahA jAya vaha satya hai / vaha satya bhI asatya hai ki jo parAye ko duHkhadAyI siddha ho / satya ke zrI sthAnAGgasUtra meM daza prakAra dikhalAye haiM:-1 janapada satya / 2 sammatta satya / 3 sthApanA satya / 4 nAma satya / 5 rUpa satya / 6 pratIta satya / 7 vyavahAra satya / 8 bhAva satya / 9 yoga sasya aura 10 upamAna satya / (3) asteyaH- adattAdAnaM steyam " vastu ke svAmI kI AjJA ke binA hI vastu grahaNa karanA, phira vaha alpa ho yA bahuta, pASANa ho yA ratna, choTI ho yA bar3I, 6-dasavihe sacce paNatte, taM jahAjaNavaya sammaya ThavaNa nA rUve paDucca sacce ya / vavahAra bhAva joge, dasameM obammasace ya // 2
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________________ saMskRti viziSTa yogavidyA / sajIva ho yA ajIva usako rAgavaza yA dveSa-vaza ho kara lenA steya-taskara vRtti hai ! dhana yaha manuSyoM kA bAhya prANa hai, ataeva use usake svAmI kI AjJA ke vinA lenA pratyakSa rUpa se hiMsA hai| (4) brahmacarya:-" maithunamabrahmaH " maithunavRtti ko abrahma kahate haiN| yAne kAmavAsanAmaya pravRttiyoM meM pravartamAna rahanA abrahma hai aura kAmavAsanA kI kupravRttiyoM se trikaraNa-triyogataH pare rahanA brahmacarya hai / zrIsUtrakRtAMga sUtra meM kahA hai ki ____ " tavesu uttamaM bambhaceraM" tapoM meM uttama brahmacarya hai| zrI praznavyAkaraNa sUtra meM brahmacarya kA mahatva dikhalAte huye kahA gayA hai ki-" brahmacarya kA zreSTha prakAra se paripAlana karane se zIla, tapa, vinaya, saMyama, kSamA, nirlobhatA aura gupti ina saba kI ArAdhanA sulabha banajAtI hai / brahmacArI ko isa loka meM aura paraloka meM yaza-kIrti aura loka meM vizvAsapAtratA milatI hai| (5) aparigrahaH-( akiMcanatA ) mUrchA parigrahaH / saMsAra ke samasta laukika padArthoM meM mUchI-Asakti bhAva rakhanA parigraha hai / phira vaha bhale alpa ho yA bahuta, sacitta ho yA acitta, alpamUlya ho yA bahumUlya / ina kA saMgraha parigraha hai| parigraha kA tyAga anAsakti bhAva se karanA aura usakI phira kabhI trikaraNa-triyoga se cAhanA nahIM karanA aparigraha vrata hai / zrIvItarAga-pravacana meM parigrahavRti (saMgrahavRti) ko AtmA ke liye atyanta ghAtaka kahA gayA hai| jaba se paripravRtti poSita hotI hai, tabhI se AtmA kA adhaHpatana prAraMbha ho jAtA hai aura aparipahavRtti AtmA ko tRSNA para vijayI banA kara unnata banAtI hai / jainAgamoM meM ukta pAMcoM mahAvratoM kI pAMca pAMca bhAvanA kahI gaI haiM, jo mahAvrata pAlaka ko avazya AdaraNIya haiN| 1 iryAsamiti, manoguptI, vacanaguptI, Alokita bhojana pAna aura AdAnabhaNDamAtranikSepana samiti, ye pAMca bhAvanAe~ prathama ( ahiMsA ) mahAvrata kI haiN| 7-jammi ya ArAhiyammi ArAhiyaM vayamiNaM sambaM sIlaM tavo ya viNao ya saMjamo ya khaMtI muttI guttI taheva ya ihaloiya paraloiya jase ya kitI ya pacao yA 8 iriyaasmiii| maNaguttI, vayaguttI AloyabhAyaNabhoyaNaM AyANabhaNDamattanikkhevaNA smiii|
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________________ 288 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura 2 anuvidhibhASaNa, krodhapratyAkhyAna, lobhapratyAkhyAna, bhayapratyAkhyAna aura hAsyapratyAkhyAna, ye pAMca bhAvanAe~ dvitIya mahAvrata kI haiN| 3 anuvIci avagraha yAcanA, abhIkSNAvagrahayAcanA, avamahAvadhAraNA, sAdharmikA. vagraha yAcanA aura anujJApita pAnabhojana, ye pAMca bhAvanA tRtIya mahAvrata kI haiM / .. 4 strI-pazu-napuMsakasevita zayyA-Asana tyAga, svIkathAvarjana, strIaMgapratyaMgadarzanatyAga, mukta-rati-vilAsa-smaraNatyAga aura praNItarasa-pauSTika AhAra tyAga, ye pAMca bhAvanAe~ caturtha mahAvrata kI hai| 5 zrotra, cakSu, nANa, rasanA aura sparzendriya janya zabda, rUpa, rasa, gandha aura sparza ke viSaya meM anAsakti-rAga kA tyAga, ye pAMca bhAvanAe~ pAMcaveM mahAvrata-aparigraha vrata kI hai / isa taraha ukta pAMca yamoM ( sArvabhauma mahAvratoM ) kI pAMca pAMca bhAvanAeM haiN| vastutatva ke punaH punaH adhicintana karane ko bhAvanA kahate haiN| jisa prakAra khar3A kiyA huA tambU binA AdhAra( taneM ) lage nahIM Thahara kara, gira jAtA hai, vaise hI mahAvratoM ko grahaNa karane ke pazcAt use bhAvanArUpa tane nahIM lageMge to saMbhava hai sAdhaka sAdhanA se cyuta ho jAya, ataH ukta bhAvanAoM kA abhyAsa sAdhaka pho karanA atyAvazyaka mAnA gayA hai / / ukta pAMcoM mahAvratoM ke viSaya meM jainAgama aura pAtaMjalayogadarzana meM prAyaH varNana. sAmyatA hai| yoga meM adhikAra prApta karane kI icchA rakhanevAloM kA ukta ahiMsAdi pAMca 9 aNuvitibhAsaNayA, kohavivege. lobhavivege, bhayavivege, haasvivege| 10 uggaha aNuNAvaNayA, uggahasomajANaNayA, sayameva, uggahaM, aNugiNhaNayA / sAhammiyauggahaM, aNaNNaviya paribhuMjaNayA, sAhAramabhattAnaM aNugaviya paribhuMjaNa yA / 11 itthINaM pasupaMDagasaMsattagasayaNAsaNavajhaNayA, itthI kahAvivajnaNayA, itthINaM indriyANamAloyaNavajaNayA, puvarayapuvvakIliyANaM agnnusrnnthaa| pnniitaahaarvjnnyaa| 12 soiMdiyarAgovaraI, cakkhidiyarAgovaraI, pANidiyarAgovaraI, jibhiMdiyarAgovaraI, phAsiMdiyarAgovaraI / -(zrIsamavAyAMgasUtra ) 13-" esA sA bhagavati ahiMsA jAsA bhIyANa viva saraNaM pakkhINa piva gamaNaM, tisiyANaM piva salIlaM khuhiyANaM piva asaNaM samuddamajjhameva potavahaNaM, cauppayANaM va AsamapayaM, duhaTTiyANaM ca osahicalaM, aDavimajhe visasthagaNa " Adi-(zrIpraznavyAkaraNa sUtra ) ___ " tatra hiMsA sarvathA sarvadA sarvabhUtAnAmabhidrohaH / uttare ca yamaniyamAstanmUlAstasiddhiparatayaiva tatpratipAdanAya pratipAdyante / tadavadAtarUpakaraNAyaivopAdIyante / tathA coktam-sa khalvayaM brAhmaNo yathA yathA vratAni bahUni samAditsate tathA tathA pramAdakRtebhyo hiMsAnidAnebhyo nivartamAnaH tAmevAvadAtarUpAM ahiMsAM karoti " (vyAsakRta bhASya 2-30) /
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________________ saMskRti / viziSTa yogavidyA / yamoM kA yathAvat pAlana karanA prathama kartavya hai / jaba sAdhaka vyakti ahiMsAdi ke suga. mAnuSThAnArtha etadvirodhi hiMsA, asatya, steya, maithuna aura parigrahavRtti kA sarvathA tyAga kara detA hai, taba use eka anupama Ananda prApta hotA hai jisakA varNana avarNanIya hai| 2 niyama--yoga kA dvitIya aMga hai niyama / IpsAoM para vijaya prApta karane kI dRSTi se zAstrakAra maharSiyoMne aneka vidhi-vidhAna (niyama ) batalAye haiN| jina kA yogya prakAra se vidhivat pAlana karane se mana AtmaramaNa meM lIna ho kara karma-saMvara meM agrasara hotA hai / pAtaMjalayogadarzana meM 'niyama' pAMca prakAra kA kahA gayA hai| zauca, saMtoSa, tapa, svAdhyAya aura devapraNidhAna / zarIra aura citta kI zuddhi kA nAma 'zauca' hai / jIvana sukhapUrvaka yApana-vyatIta ho utane hI padArthoM se adhika ke liye tRSNA se utpIDita nahIM honA 'saMtoSa' hai / chaH prakAra kA bAhya aura chaH prakAra kA Abhyantara tapa binA kisI phalaprApti kI AkAMkSA se karanA 'tapa' hai / ASaSipraNIta zAstroM kA parama vizuddha citta hokara paThana karanA 'svAdhyAya' hai| Agamavihita samasta dharmAnuSThAnoM meM carAcara samasta prANihitacintaka sarvajJa-sarvadarzI zrI vItarAga kI darzana-pUjana kara unakA dhyAna kisI IsA se prerita hokara nahIM karanA 'devapraNidhAna' hai| paMcamAMga-zrI vyAkhyAnaprajJapti-zrI bhagavatImUtra meM niyamAntargata 'zauca' 'svAdhyAyAdi' kA varNana yoM AyA hai:-he bhagavanta, Apa kI yAtrA kyA hai ? / somila ! tapa, niyama, saMyama, svAdhyAya, dhyAna aura AvazyakAdi meM jo pravRtti hai, vaha merI yAtrA hai| zoca se Atmadarzana kI yogyatA, saMtoSa se uccastarIya Atmasukha kI prApti, svAdhyAya se iSTadarzana kA samaya, tapasyA se IpsAoM para vijayaprApti aura praNidhAna se AtmasamAdhi kI prApti hotI hai / niyama itanA hI sImita nahIM hai, apitu jainAgamoM meM isakA atIva vyApaka artha kiyA gayA hai-zrI samavAyAMgasUtra kI 32 vIM samavAya meM 32 yoga1"saMgraha meM niyama hI kI to jhalaka prasphuTita hotI hai / 14...se kiM te bhante / jattA ! somilA 1 5 me tavaniyamasaMjamasajjhAyajhANAvassayamAdIesu jogesu jayaNA settaM taa.........|| (zrImagavatisUtra zataka 18, 10 vA~ uddeza ) 15 battIsa jogasaMgahA pnnnnttaa| taM jahAH-1 AloyaNa 2 nikhlaave| 3 AvaIsudadhammayA, 4 aNissiovahANe ya, 5 sikkhA 6 nippaDikammayA, 7 aNNAyayA, 8 alome ya, 9 titikkhA 10 ajave 11 suI 12 sammadiTThI 13 samAhIya, 14 AyAre, 15 viNaovae. 16 dhiImaIya 17 saMvege, 18 paNihI 19 suvihi 20 saMvare / 21 attadosovasaMhAre, 22 savvakAmavirattayA / 23-24 paccakkhANe 25 viussagge 26 appamAde 27 lvaalve| 28 jhANasaMvarajogeya, 29 udae maarnnNtie| 3. saMgANaM ca pariNAyA, 31 pAyacchittakaraNe'viya / 32 ArAhaNAya maraNaMte, battIsaM jogasaMgahA /
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________________ bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura 3 Asana-yoga kA tRtIya aMga hai Asana hai| pAtaMjalayogadarzana meM sthira aura sukha . prada baiThane ke vizeSa prakAra ko Asana kahA gayA hai| yoga ke sAdhaka ko yogamArga meM pravartabhAna hone para dhyAnArtha Asana-sAdhanA kI mahatI AvazyakatA rahatI hai / chaH prakAra ke bAhya tapoM ke adhikAra meM pAMcaveM nambara ke kAyakleza tapa meM AsanoM kA varNana bhI kiyA gayA hai| jaise ki-bhadrAsana, sukhAsana, godohAsana, utkaTikAsana, kamalAsana, bajAsana, daMDAsana tathA kAyotsarga aura mudrAdi AsanoM kA zAstrakAroMne zAstroM meM saMsUcana kiyA hai / zrIuttarAdhyayana sUtra meM bhI vIrAsanAdi kA ullekha hai|" ___ AsanoM ke abhyAsa se caMcala citta niyaMtrita ho kara ekAgratA kI ora bar3hatA hai / yahA~ yaha bhI smaraNa rakhanA nitAntAvazyaka hai ki jo Asana zarIra meM kisI prakAra kI azAnti aura AtmA meM vyagratA na paidA kara sAdhaka-vyakti ko dhyAna-samAdhi meM prasannatA. pUrvaka ekAgratA pradAna kare vahI Asana karanA cAhiye, anya nhiiN| ___sva-paronnatikara pratyeka samyaganuSThAna meM pravartamAna hone ke liye sarvaprathama Asana. siddhi honA hI cAhiye / kyoM ki sAdhanA karanevAle ko sarvaprathama dRr3hAsanI honA nitAnta Avazyaka hai| vyAkhyAna, pratikramaNa Adi meM eka Asana se chaH ghaMToM baiThane para bhI citta samAdhi meM hI rahatA hai aura kisI prakAra kI vikRti paidA nahIM honA Asanasiddhi para hI avalambita hai| 4 prANAyAma-prANAyAma yaha yoga kA caturtha aMga hai / pAtaMjalayogadarzana meM kahA gayA hai ki ' tataH kSIyate prakAzAvaraNam' yAne prANAyAma ke abhyAsa se vivekajJAna ko AvaraNita karanevAle doSoM-karmoM kA kSaya ho kara citta sthiratA aura ekAgratA prApta karane kI yogyatA pA sakatA hai| zvAsozvAsa kI gati ko rokanA prANAyAma hai| aura vaha recaka, pUraka aura kumbhaka tribhedavAlA hai / tathA pratyAhAra, zAnta, uttara aura adhara Adi cAra ko ukta tIna ke sAtha saMmilita karane para prANAyAma saptabhedIya ho jAtA hai / (1) svAsa ko ghrANendriya se bAhara pheMkanA / recaka ' prANAyAma hai| 16 sthirasukhamAsanam // 2-46 yogadarzana / 17 " se kiM taM kAyakilese? aNegavihe pnnnntte| taM jahA-ThANadvitie, ukkuDayAsaNie paDiyaTThAI vIrAsaNIe nesajjie daMDAyae laur3asAe AyAvaye avAur3ae akaMDuae aNiTThahae savvagAyaparikammavibhUsa. vippamukke se taM kAyakilese " // (zrIuvavAiya sUtra bAhyatapAdhikAra ) 18 ThANAvIrAsaNAIyA jIvassa u mahAvahA / uggA jahA dharijati kAyakilesaM tamAhiye // 27 // (zrImaduttarAdhyayana sUtra-tapomArgAdhyayana 30)
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________________ saMskRti 391 viziSTa yogavidyA / (2) bAhara se vAyu bhItara khIMcanA 'pUraka ' prANAyAma hai / (3) havA ko nAbhimaMDala meM kumbha kI taraha sthira karanA ' kumbhaka ' prANAyAma hai / (4) vAyu ko nAbhi Adi sthAnoM se khIMca kara hRdayAdi meM lejAnA ' pratyAhAra' prANAyAma hai| (5) tAlu, nAka tathA mukha meM vAyu ko rokanA / ' zAnta ' prANAyAma hai| (6) bAhara se havA ko khIMca kara Upara hI hRdayAdi meM avaruddha karanA -- uttara' prANAyAma hai| (7) bAhara se khIMcI huI havA ko nIce le jAnA adhara' prANAyAma hai / ukta prANAyAma se sAdhana kartA ko zArIrika lAbha milatA hai| isakA vistRta varNana zrI hemacandrasUripraNIta zrIyogazAstra ke pAMcaveM prakAza se jAnanA cAhiye / hA~, prANAyAma kA viSaya jainAgamoM meM vistAra se kahIM bhI dRSTigocara nahIM hotA, kintu zrI Avazyaka sUtra niyukti meM " UsAsaM Na giraMbhai" kaha kara zvAsozvAsa ko balAt-rokanA niSiddha kiyA gayA hai / jaina yoga mArga meM prANAyAma ko anAvazyaka mAnA gayA hai| prANAyAma ko jitanA haThayoga meM sthAna milA hai utanA rAjayoga meM nhiiN| prANAyAma kA saccA artha yoM hai:-bAhyabhAva kA tyAga recaka hai; antarbhAva kI pUrNatA pUraka aura samabhAva meM sthiratA tathA viSamabhAva kA tyAga kumbhaka hai / vAstava meM isa bhAva prANAyAma kA jitanA abhyAsa zreSTha aura hita-sAdhya hai utanA ukta dravya (recaka pUrakodi ) prANAyAma se nhiiN| 5 pratyAhAra-yoga kA paoNnavAM aMga pratyAhAra hai / citta aura indriyoM ko samasta bAhya evaM zabda, rUpa, rasa, gandha, varNa aura sparzAdi se nivRtta kara antarmukha karanA pratyA. hAra hai / " pratikUlaH AhAravRtiH pratyAhAraH" artha yaha ki indriyoM kI bAhyamukhatA kSaya ho jAne para ve saba antarmukha ho jAtI haiM, taba pratyAhAra sampanna hotA hai / pratyAhAra ke abhyAsa se AtmA samabhAva meM sthira ho kara nija dhyeya para sthita hone ke yogya ho jAtI hai / yaha isa yogAMga-pratyAhAra kI vizeSatA hai / jainAgamoM meM pratyAhAra ke sthAna para pratisaMlInatA zabda AyA hai / yaha bAraha tapoM meM se chaH prakAra ke bAhyatapoM meM chaTThA tapa hai| isakA vahI artha hai jo pratyAhAra kA hai / prati saMlInatA cAra prakAra kI hai: "1 indriyapratisaMlInatA, 2 kaSAyapratisaMlInatA, 3 yogapratisaMlInatA aura 4 viviktazayyAsanasevanatA !" 19 se kiM taM paDisalINayA? caubdhihA paNNattA taMjahAH-1 iMdiyapaDisalINayA 2 kaSAyapaDisalINayA 3 jogapaDisalINayA 4 vivittasayaNAsaNasevaNayA. Adi (aupapAtika sUtra)
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________________ 392 zrImad vijayarAjendrari-smAraka-praya darzana aura (1) indriyapratisaMlInatAH-sparza, rasanA, ghrANa, cakSu aura zrotra ina pAMcoM indriyoM ko unake 23 viSayoM meM pravRtta hone se rokanA aura mile huye viSayoM se rAgadveSa rahita honA indriyapratisaMlInatA hai| isake sparzendriyaprati saMlInatA, rasanendriyapratisaMlInatA, ghrANendriyapratisaMlInatA, cakSurindriyapratisaMlInatA aura zrotrendriyapratisaMlInatA, ye pAMca bheda haiN| (2) kaSAyapratisaMlInatA:-krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha ye cAra kaSAya haiM / isake udaya denevAle kAraNoM se pare rahanA aura udita hone para viphala banAne kA prayatna karanA kaSAyapratisaMlInatA hai| isake krodhaprati saMlInatA, mAnapratisaMlInatA, mAyAprati. saMlInatA aura lobhapratisaMlInatA ye cAra prakAra haiM / (3) yogapratisaMlInatA:-mana, vacana aura kAyA kI yoga saMjJA hai / akuzala vANI aura akuzala manakA avarodha kara kuzalavANI aura kuzala mana kI pravRtti tathA zarIra ke aMgopAMgoM se vyartha hI kuceSTA nahIM karanA yoga pratisaMlInatA hai ! isake manayoga. pratisaMlInatA, bacanayogapratisaMlInatA aura kAyayogapratisaMlInatA ye tIna bheda haiM ! (4) viviktazayyAsanasevanatAH-ArAmasthaloM meM, udyAnoM meM tathA devakuloM Adi meM aura strI, pazu, paMDagasaMsakta rahita gRhoM meM sonA, baiThanA, dhyAna karanA viviktazayyAsanasevanatA hai / isakA vizeSa varNana bhagavatIsUtra ke 25 za. 7 uH meM dekhanA cAhiye / 6 dhAraNA-' avagatArthavizeSadhAraNaM dharaNA / ' bha. suu.| yAne jAnI huI bAta ko vizeSarUpa se hRdaya meM dhAraNa karanA hai / dhyeya deza para citta ko saMsthApita karake use ekAgra karanA yaha dhAraNA hai| citta sadA caMcala vRtti hai| dhAraNA yoga kI sAdhanA hone para yaha citta caMcala vRtti se dUra ho kara ekAgracitta hotA hai yAne capalatA kA kSaya hotA hai| jaba capalatA kA saMkSaya hotA hai citta ekAgracitta hokara zubha kI ora bar3hatA hai| jainAgamoM meM eka pudgala vizeSa para, sUkSma se sUkSma padArtha para dRSTi ko sthira kara ke mana kI ekAgratA sampAdanArtha dhAraNA kA samarthana kiyA gayA hai| 20 tivihe joga paNNatte taM jahA-'maNajoge, vayajoge, kAyajoge' (zrIsthAnAGgasUtra 3 sthAna ) 21 zrIdazAzrutaskaMdasUtra meM-egarAiyaM bhikkhupaDimaM paDivannassa aNagArassa nicca vosahakAyeNaM jAva ahiyaasei| kappai se NaM aTTameNaM bhatteNaM appANaeNaM bahiyAgAmassa vA jAva rAyahANissa vA isiMpanbhAragaeNaM kAeNaM egapoggalaDhitIedichIe aNimisanayaNa ahApaNihiMgaehiM guttihiM sabidiehiM do vi pAe sAhaDDa vagdhAriya pANimassa ThANaM ThAittae
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________________ saMskRti viziSTa yogvidyaa| 393 yama, niyama, Asana, prANAyAma aura pratyAhAra ye yoga ke pAMca aMga prathama adhikAriyoM ke liye haiM / yAne yoga kI prakriyA se anabhijJa vyaktiyoM ke liye atIva upayogI haiM aura anta ke dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhi ye tIna aMga madhyama tathA viziSTa adhikAriyoM ke liye atyAvazyakIya haiN| 7 dhyAna--yaha yoga kA saptama aMga hai / yoga ke yamAdi sarvAMgoM meM yaha viziSTa hai / isa aMga ko yogasarvasva bhI kaha diyA jAya to koI atizayokti nahIM hogii| jainAgamoM meM dhyAna ke caura bheda dikhalAye haiM-ArtadhyAna, raudradhyAna, dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna / __ AtadhyAnaH--duHkha ke nimitta yA usa meM honevAle santApa ko, manojJa vastu ke viyoga evaM apriya vastu ke saMyoga se citta meM honevAlI ghabarAhaTa ko aura mohavaza rAjyopabhoga, zayana, Asana, vAhana, strI, gandha, mAlA, maNi aura ratnamaya AbhUSaNoM meM honevAlI utkaTa abhilASA ko AdhyAna kahate haiM / athavA duHkha ke liye yA duHkha meM honevAlA dhyAna ArtadhyAna hai / yA Ata yAne duHkhI prANI kA jo dhyAna vaha ArtadhyAna hai| ArtadhyAna ke cAra meda hai| (1) aniSTasaMyoga-ArtadhyAnaH--jo nija citta ko priya nahIM haiM yA aniSTa haiM aise zabda, rUpa, rasa, gaMdha, sparza viSayaka tathA inakI sAdhanabhUta vastuoM kA saMyoga hone se unake viyoga aura unakA bhaviSya meM kabhI saMyoga nahIM hone ke liye pratyeka samaya punaH punaH vicAra karanA aniSTasaMyoga-ArtadhyAna hai| (2) iSTasaMyoga-ArtadhyAna:-jo apane mana ko priya-manojJa haiM yA iSTa haiM aise pAMcoM indriyoM se sambandhita viSayoM kA saMyoge hone aura saMyoga hone para bhaviSya meM kabhI bhI viyoga nahIM hone kI cintA-icchA karate rahanA tathA citta ko unhIM meM magna rakhanA iSTasaMyoga-ArtadhyAna hai| (3) rogacintA-AtadhyAnaH-nAnA bhA~ti ke bAhya zArIrika rogoM ( bhayaMkara yA 22 cattArI jhANA paNNattA / taM jahA-aTTe jhANe, rodde jhANe, dhamme jhANe, sukke jhANe (zrIsthAnAMga sUtra 4 sthA0 1 uddezo) 23 aTTajjhANe caThavihe paNNatte taM jahA-1 amaNuNNasaMpaogasaMpautte tassa aviSpaogasatti samaNNAgae yAvi bhavaI / 2 maNuNNasaMpaogasaMpautte tassa vippaogasattisamaNNAgae yAvi bhavaI / 3 AyaMkasaMpaogasaM. pautte tassa vippaogasatti samaNNAgae yAvi bhvii| 4 parijusiyakAmabhogasaMpautte tassa avippaogasatti. samaNNAgae yAvi bhavaI /
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________________ 394 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha darzana aura alpa ) se yA mAnasika vyAdhiyoM se AkrAnta hone para unase mukta hone kI satata cintA karanA aura aroga hone para bhaviSyakAla meM rogAkrAnta nahIM hone kI cintA karate rahanA rogacintA - ArtadhyAna hai / (4) nidAna - ArtadhyAna: - deva sambandhI rUpa, guNa, Rddhi kA varNana dekha yA suna kara yA cakravartI, baladeva, vAsudevAdi kI Rddhi kA varNana suna kara use prApta karane kA tathA apane kiye tapa aura pAlana kiye saMyama ke phalarUpa meM ukta deva evaM manuSya-sambandhI sukha milane kA nidAna karanA nidAna - ArtadhyAna hai| ArtadhyAna ke cAra lakSaNa haiM-AkraMdana, zocanA, tepanatA aura parivedanA / raudradhyAna:- hiMsA, asatya, corI aura dravyarakSA meM lIna rahanA raudradhyAna hai / athavA chedana, bhedana, kATanA, mAranA, vadha karanA, damana karanA ityAdi kAryoM meM jo rAgabhAva rakhatA hai aura jisameM dayAbhAva nahIM hai, usa puruSa kA jo dhyAna so raudradhyAna hai / raudradhyAna ke bhI cAra bheda haiM (1) hisAnubandhI- raudradhyAna - karmavaza dUsare jIva duHkhI hote haiM, taba unheM dekha kara prasanna honA / nija svArthavaza yA kautukavaza duHkha denA, satAnA yA aise upAya karanA ki jisase ve vizeSa duHkhI hove | unheM duHkha de kara Apa prasanna honA / asahAya jIvoM ko mAranA yA maravAnA aura mAranevAloM ke kAryoM kI anumodanA kara prasanna ho kara dUsaroM ko aise nikRSTatama kAryoM ko karane kI preraNA denA, duHkhI prANiyoM ko duHkhI dekha kara IrSyA karanA aura hiMsA ke kAryoM meM lIna rahanA hiMsAnubandhI raudradhyAna hai / ( 2 ) mRSAnubandhI- raudradhyAna: - jisa vacana meM kevala asatya bhASA kA hI vyavahAra hotA ho use mRSAvAda kahate haiM / asatya bhASaNa- halAhala jhUTha bola kara dUsaroM ko vyathita karanA | paravacana- dhUrttatA kara prANiyoM ko bhUlAve meM DAla kara Thaga lenA aura unako duHkhI dekha kara nijaparavaMcana kalA para garva karanA / parapratAraNatA - dUsaroM ko akAraNa vadha - baMdhana meM DAla kara krodhAndha ho mAranA / vizvAsaghAta - nija bhogecchAoM ko santuSTa karane ke liye dUsaroM ko apanI zreSThatA dikhalA kara vizvAsa paidA karake anta meM dhokhA denA / yaha mRSAnuvandhI raudradhyAna hai ! 24 aTTarasaNaM jjhANassa catArI lakkhaNA paNNattA / taM jahA-1 kaMdaNaya / 2 soyaNayA / 3 tippANayA / vilavaNayA / 25 rudda jhANe caubvihe paNNatte / taM jahA -1 hiMsANubaMdhI / 2 mosANubandhI / 3 teNAnubaMdhI / 4 bArakkhaNANubandhI |
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________________ saMskRti viziSTa yogavidyA / (3) stenAnubandhI-raudradhyAnaH-hRdaya meM nitya paradhanaharaNa kA vicAra karanA, karavAnA aura karanevAle ko bhalA mAna kara usakI anumodanA karanA, stenAnubandhI raudradhyAna hai| (4) viSayasaMrakSaNAnubandhI-raudradhyAnaH-saMcita dhana ko kaise sambhAlA jAya, ise aise sthAna para rakheM ki cora nahIM le jAya, aisI 2 yojanA banAUM ki jisake saphala hone para bahuta dhana kA svAmI banajAUM, phira aneka prakAra ke bar3e-bar3e vizAla bhavana banA kara usameM nivAsa karUM aura pAMcoM indriyoM sambandhI viSayoM ke sukha bhogU tathA mahArUpavatI, navayauvanA, paramamanohara lIlAvAlI kAmakelIpaMDitA aisI ramaNiyoM ke sAtha pANigrahaNa kara paMcavidha bhoga bhoguu| aise vicAroM meM pratidina raha kara aise hI prapaMcoM meM lagA rahanA viSayasaMrakSaNAnubandhI raudradhyAna hai| raudradhyAna ke cAra lakSaNa haiM:- utsannadoSa, bahuladoSa, nAnA( ajJAna )doSa aura AmaraNadoSa / saMsAra ke samasta prANiyoM kA adhika bhAga saMsArabhramaNa ke kAraNabhUta ina Artaraudra kI bhISaNa duHkhadAyI jAla meM phaMsakara saMsAra meM bhramaNa karate haiN| koI aniSTasaMyoga hone se usakA viyoga kaise ho ? isake liye cintita haiN| koI iSTakA viyoga hone se usake saMyoga ke liye utsuka haiM / to koI roga ke AtaMka se utpIDita haiM / koI aicchika viSayabhoga ke sAdhana saMjuTita karane kI daur3ameM saMlagna haiM / koI hiMsA ke tANDava meM lIna haiN| to koI asatya bhASaNa meM paTu haiM / koI paradhanaharaNa meM dakSa haiN| koI sukhabhoga ke pIche pAgala ho rahe haiN| yaha sArA tANDava Artaraudra kA hI hai / vAstava meM ye donoM dhyAna yogamArga meM bAdhaka hai| zAstrakAroM ne ina kA varNana isI Azaya se kiyA hai ki sAdhaka ko yoga mArga meM pravRtta hote hue, Atmahita ke liye ina kA (Arta-raudra) tyAga karanA cAhiye / ataeva jisakA tyAga karanA hai| usake guNa-doSoM ko bhalI prakAra soca lenA cAhiye ki hama inakA tyAga kyoM kara rahe haiN| ___ ina donoM dhyAnoM ko durdhyAna bhI kahate haiN| zrI Atura pratyAkhyAna-prakIrNaM meM ina ke 63 bheda bhI " anANajhANe" Adi pATha se kahe haiN| zrI Avazyaka sUtra meM AtaM 26 ruhassaNaM jjhANassa cattArI lakkhaNA paNNattA / taM jahA-1 usaNNadose 2 bhudosse| 3 annnnaapdose| 4 aamrnnNtdose|
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________________ 396 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha darzana aura aura raudradhyAna ko bhavabhramaNa kA kAraNa aura Arta ko tiyaMcagatiprada tathA raudradhyAna ko narakagati kA denevAlA bhI kahA gayA hai / dharmadhyAna:- ArtadhyAna aura raudradhyAna jisa prakAra aprazasta haiM, vaise hI dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna prazasta evaM kramazaH devagati aura nirvANaprApti meM sahAyaka haiM" / mahAvratoM kA pAlana karanA, sUtroM ke arthoM ko jAnanA, bandha-mokSa tathA gamanAgamana ke hetuoM kA vicAra karanA, indriyoM ke 23 viSayoM se parAGmukha honA, prANImAtra para dayAbhAva rakhanA- dharmadhyAna hai / athavA AjJA, apAya, vipAka aura saMsthAna ke cintana meM mana ko ekAgra banAnA - dharmadhyAna hai / dhyAna sAlambana aura nirAlambana hai / tabhI to pahale sAdhaka vyakti ko sAlambana dhyAna meM pravRti karanI hotI hai / jaba vaha sAlambana dhyAna meM pravINa ho jAtA hai, yAne jaba sAdhaka dharmadhyAna se citta kI ekAgratA aura nizcalatA sampAdana karaletA hai, taba zukla dhyAna meM usakA praveza ho sakatA hai / isI liye yogamArga meM paiThanevAle mumukSu jIvoM ko Atmatatva ke mananArtha dharmadhyAnagata vastutattva kA cintana kara mAnasika ekAgratA evaM sthiratA sampAdana kara hI lenA cAhiye / aisA karane para hI sthUla se sUkSma aura sAlambana se nirAlambana meM praveza zIghra ho sakatA hai / isI Azaya se paramapUjpa zAstrakAroMne zukladhyAna se pahale dharmadhyAna kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai / cAra bheda haiM: - AjJAvicaya, apAyavicaya, vipAkavicaya aura dharmadhyAna saMsthAna vicaya | ( 1 ) AjJAvicaya:- AjJA kA artha hai paramajJAnI, sarvajJa, sarvadarzI bhagavAn zrI vItarAga kA Adeza / vicaya kA artha hai vicAranA, cintana karanA aura socanA yAne anekAnta kA jJAna karAnevAlI nirdoSa nayabhaMga aura pramANa se gahana jinAjJA ko sarvathA satya mAnakara usa meM pratipAdita tatvoM kA cintana karanA / zrI jina - vItarAgaprarUpita tatvoM kA cintana-manana- adhyayana karate samaya yadi jJAnAvaraNIya karmodaya se tad artha samajha meM nahIM Ave to usake liye mana ko zaMkita nahIM 27 bhavakAraNamadRruddaIM / 28 aTTeNatirikkhagatiM, roddajhANeNagammatti narayaM / 29 dhammeNa devaloyaM, siddhigatiM sukkajjhANeNa / 30 dhammajjhANe cauvvidde cauppaDoyAre paNNatte taM jahA bhANAvijae, avAyavijae, vivAgavijae, saMThANavijae /
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________________ saMskRti viziSTa yogavidyA / 397 karate hue socanA ki yaha tattvavArtA zrI vItarAga bhagavAn prarUpita hone se satya hI hai isameM kisI prakAra ke asatya ko sthAna nahIM hai / ata eva isako na samajhanA mere karmoM kA hI doSa-aMtarAya haiN| isa prakAra soca kara zrIvItarAgabhASita tattvoM kA cintanamanana karanA aura nahIM samajha sake aise gUr3ha viSayagarbhita tattvoM kI satyatA ke liye citta ko zaMkita nahIM banA kara mana ko ekAgra banAnA AjJAvicayadharmadhyAna hai| (2) apAyavicayaH- isa saMsAra meM jIva ko cAroM gati meM bhramaNa karAnevAle rAga, dveSa, kaSAya aura mithyAtva haiN| rAgadveSarUpI agni se saMtapta huA prANI jJAnAvaraNAdi karmoM kA bandha kara kabhI naraka meM, kabhI nigoda meM, kabhI tithaMca meM, kabhI vanaspati meM, to kabhI manuSya yoni meM, kabhI devayoni meM bhaTakatA rahatA hai aura nija Atmazakti ko bhUla kara AtmavaMcana karatA rahatA hai / ataH paramadayAlu zrIvItarAga prabhu ne rAga-dveSa ko saMsAra ke bhramaNa kA kAraNa batalAyA haiN| ____ krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha bhI yadi parAjita nahIM kiye gaye to ye jIva ko saMsAra-bhramaNa hI karavAnevAle haiM / arthAt-cAroM kaSAya saMsArarUpI vRkSa ke mUla kA siMcana karanevAle haiM / ajJAna bhI AtmA kA kama nukasAna karanevAlA nahIM hai / jIva ajJAna ke vaza huA apane hitAhita ko nahIM jAna sktaa| ina rAga-dveSa, kaSAya aura ajJAna ke garta meM girA huA prANI cAroM gatiyoM meM paribhramaNa karatA huA mahAraudra duHkha kA bhAjana banatA hai / isa prakAra rAga-dveSa aura kaSAyAdi ke duHkhoM kA paricintana kara citta ko dharmadhyAna meM saMlagna karanA apAyavicaya dharmadhyAna hai| (3) vipAkavicaya:-AtmA parama vizuddha jJAna-darzanasvarUpa hai| usa para jJAnAvaraNAdi ATha karmoM kA AvaraNa A jAne se usakA saccA svarUpa prakAzita nahIM hotA / jisa prakAra dhadhakatA Aga kA aMgArA rAkha ke kaNoM ke AvaraNa se AvaraNita ho jAtA hai, taba nahIM dIkha par3atA, usI prakAra parama vizuddha AtmA karmamala se AvaraNita hone ke kAraNa daba jAtI hai yAne nahIM dikhatI hai| use jo saMyoga, viyoga, saMpatti-vipattijanya sukha duHkha bhoganA paDatA hai, vaha saba usa ( AtmA ) ke nijopArjita zubhAzubha karmoM kA hI phala hai| AtmA ko usake pUrvabhavake saMcitta karma hI naraka, nigoda, tiyaMca, deva aura mAnava gatiyoM meM ghumA kara sukha-duHkha dete haiN| karmoM ke sivAya use dUsarA koI sukha-duHkhadAtA hai nhiiN|
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________________ 198 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pratha darzana aura AtmA kI judI judI avasthAe~ bhI usake apane pUrvabhavoM ke saMcita zubhAzubha karmoM kA hI phala haiM / isa prakAra kaSAya evaM yogajanita zubhAzubha karma, prakRti, dhandha, sthiti, udayodIraNA, sattA Adi karmajanya viSaya kA paricintana kara AtmA ko ekAgra karanA vipAkaviSaya dharmadhyAna hai| (4) saMsthAnavicayaH-dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAyAdi dravya aura unakI paryAyAdi, jIva-ajIva ke AkAra, utpAda, vyaya, dhrauvya, lokasvarUpa, pRthvI, dvIpa, sAgara, naraka, bhavana, vimAnAdi ke AkAra, lokasthiti, jIva kI gatyAgati, jIvana, maraNa ke samasta siddhAntoM kA adhicintana kara AtmA ko unase alaga karanA saMsthAnaviSayadharmadhyAna hai / dharmadhyAna ke cAra lakSaNa haiM:-AjJAruci, nisargaruci, upadezaruci aura sUtrarUci / dharmadhyAna ke caura AlaMbana hai-vAMcanA, pRcchanA, parivartanA aura dhrmkthaa| dharmadhyAna kI caura anuprekSA hai-anityAnuprekSA, azaraNAnuprekSA, ekatvAnuprekSA aura saMsArAnuprekSA / isa prakAra cAra bheda, cAra lakSaNa, cAra Alambana aura cAra anuprekSAoM (bhAvanAoM) se dharNadhyAna pUrvatayA paripAlita kiyA jA sakatA hai| dharmadhyAna dhyAne se kramazaH lezyAoM kI zuddhi, vairAgya kI saMprApti aura zukladhyAna dhyAne kI yogyatA prApta hotI hai / dharmadhyAna dhyAne se mAnasika zAnti aura sthiratA prApta ho jAne se zukladhyAna meM praveza sugama ho jAtA hai| zukladhyAna:-pUrvagata zruta ke AdhAra para mana kI jo atyanta sthiratA aura yogoM kA nirodha so zukla~dhyAna hai / athavA jo dhyAna ATha prakAra jJAnAvaraNIya, dazanAvaraNIya, vedanIya, mohanIya, Ayu, nAma, gotra aura aMtarAya ke karmamala ko dUra karatA hai yA zoka ko naSTa karatA hai vaha zukladhyAna hai / zukladhyAna ke caura bheda haiM-1 pRthakatva-vitarkasavicAra / 2 ekatvavitarkaavicArI / 3 sUkSmakriyA anivRti aura 4 samucchinnakriyAapratipAti / 31 dhammassa NaM jjhANassa cattArI lakkhaNA paNNattA / taM jahA-ANAruI, NisaggaruI, uvaesaiI, suttruii| 32-dhammassagaM jhANassa cattArI AlaMvaNA paNattA taM jahA-vAyaNA, pucchaNA, pariyaTTaNA, bmmkhaa| 33 dhammassa NaM jjhANassa cattArI aNuppehAo paNNattAo / taM jahA-aNicANuppehA, asaraNAnuppehA, egattAmuppehA, sNsaaraannupphaa| 34-samavAyAMgasUtra 4 samavAya / 35 sthAnAMgasUtra 4 sthAna / 36 sukajjhANe cauvihe cauppaDoyAre paNNate / taM jahA puhutta viyaka saviyArI egattaviyake avi. yArI, suhamakirie appaDivAI, samucchinnakirie anniyttttii|
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________________ saMskRti viziSTa yogvidyaa| (1) pRthakatva-vitarkasavicArI:-eka dravya viSayaka aneka paryAyoM kA bhinna-bhinna prakAra se vistRta prakAreNa pUrvagata zruta ke anusAra dravyArthika, paryAyAthika ityAdi nayoM se cintana karanA pRthaktvavitarkasavicArI zukladhyAna hai / yaha dhyAna vicArapUrvaka hotA hai, tabhI ise savicArI yAne vicArapUrvaka honevAlA kahA gayA hai| vicAra kA svarUpa hai-zandataH zabda meM arthataH artha meM aura eka yoga se dUsare yoga meM saMkramaNa honA / yaha dhyAna pUrvadhara ko hotA hai / tathA mAtA marudevI kI taraha jo pUrvadhara nahIM haiM unheM arthavyaMjana aura yogoM meM paraspara saMkramaNarUpa yaha dhyAna hotA hai / dharmadhyAna meM abhI taka jo bAhya vastuoM kA avalambana thA vaha isa dhyAna meM mAtra zruta kA hI avalambana hai| (2) ekatva-vitarkaavicArI:-pUrvazruta kA AdhAra lekara utpAdAdi paryAyoM ke ekatva yAne abheda se kisI eka padArtha-paryAya kA sthiracitta se cintana karanA ekatvavitarkaavicArI zukladhyAna hai / isa dhyAna meM eka artha se dUsare artha meM, eka zabda se dUsare zabda meM aura eka yoga se dUsare yoga meM saMcaraNa nahIM hotA, apitu dhyAtA kisI eka paryAya rUpa artha ko lekara mana, vacana aura kAyA ke kisI eka yoga para sthira hokara abheda pradhAna cintana karatA hai, yahI ekatvavitarka avicArI zukladhyAna hai / isa dhyAna ke dhyAtA kA citta, isa dhyAna se cittagata cAMcalya bhAvanA sarva prakAreNa vinaSTa hokara, ekAgra aura nirodharUpa pariNAma ko prApta ho niSprakampa ho jAtA hai / jaba sAdhaka kI ukta sthiti ho jAtI hai, taba use jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa, vedanIya aura mohanIya ina cAra ghanaghAtI kamoM kA kSaya ho kara parama zreSTha jJAna ( kevalajJAna ) prApta hotA hai| yaha parama jJAna prApta hone para sAdhaka sarvajJa, sarvadarzI vItarAga bana kara triloka (svarga-maya--pAtAla) kA pUjya bana kara prANImAtra kA zaraNa bana jAtA hai / (3) sUkSma kriyAapratipAtI:-jaba kevalI bhagavAna trayodazama (sayogI kevalI' guNasthAna ko prApta hote haiM, taba ve Ayu ke antima bhAga meM yogAvarodha prArambha kara sUkSma kAyayoga ko rakha kara zeSa saba kA nirodha karate haiM / usa samaya zvAsozvAsa kI sUkSmatama kriyA hI zeSa raha jAtI hai, jisameM patana kI kiMcitmAtra bhI saMbhAvanA nahIM / isI ko sUkSmakriyAapratipAtI zukladhyAna kahate haiN| (1) samucchinnakriyAapratipAtI:-yaha zukladhyAna kA antima caraNa hai, jo catudazama ( ayogI kevalI ) guNasthAna meM prApta hotA hai| yaha antima guNasthAna hai| jisa
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________________ 400 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha darzana aura samaya zvAsozvAsa jaisI sUkSmatama kriyA kA bhI nirodha ho jAtA hai aura samasta AtmapradezoM kA halana-calanAdi prakampana vyApAra bhI parisamApta ho jAtA hai, taba samucchinna kriyA apratipAtI zukladhyAna siddha hotA hai / isa avasthA ko prApta sAdhaka kI AtmA samasta mAnasika, vAcika aura kAyika sUkSma aura sthUla vyApAroM se alaga ho nAma, gotra, Ayu aura vedanIya ina cAra aghAti karma ko vinaSTa kara, zailesIkaraNa kara cAra hrazvAkSara ( a, i, u, R) uccAraNa mAtra samaya meM nirmala niSkriya svarUpa ho sampUrNa sukharUpa mokSapada ko prApta hotA hai / yahI mAnava kA carama lakSya hai| yahA~ se AtmA kA saMsAra meM punarAgamana nahIM hotA / sArAMza yaha hai ki pRthakatvavitarkasavicArI dhyAna samasta yogoM meM hotA hai / ekatvavitarkaavicArI kisI eka yoga meM aura sakSmakriyAapratipAtI mAtra kAyayoga meM hotA hai aura samucchinnakriyAapratipAtI ayogI ko hI hotA hai|chdmsth ke mana ko nizcala karanA aura kevalI kI kAyA ko nizcala karanA dhyAna kahAtA hai / zukladhyAna ke cAra lakSaNa, cAra Alambana aura cAra anuprekSA haiM / viveka, vyutsarga avyartha, asammoha ye cAra lakSaNa / kSamA, mukti, Arjava, mArdava ye cAra Alambana / ananta vartitAnuprekSA, azubhAnuprekSA, vipariNAmAnuprekSA aura apAyAnuprekSA ye cAra anuprekSA ( bhAvanA ) haiN| jaba sAdhaka zukladhyAna dhyA kara kevalajJAna prApta karatA hai, taba usameM samAdhiyoga bhI saMpUrNa rUpeNa hotA hai yAne samAdhi yoga kA AvirbhAva dhyAnayoga meM ho jAtA hai| AgamoM meM samAdhi kA kahIM dharmadhyAna artha kiyA hai to kahIM jJAna, darzana, cAritra kI ArAdhanA kA artha kiyA gayA hai / tAtparya hai ki samAdhi kA samAveza dhyAna meM hI ho jAtA hai / jaina dRSTi se yoga kA hI dUsarA nAma dhyAna hai; ata: jaina dRSTitaH dhyAna yoga meM hI samAdhi yoga kA AvirbhAva ho jAtA hai / upasaMhAra-yadyapi yahAM yoga kA ukta svarUpa jaina paddhatyanusAra yatkicit rUpa meM Alekhita hai / ise avalokana karane para vAcakoM ko jJAta hogA kI jainAgama aura pAtaMjala yogadarzana isa viSaya ko lagabhaga samAnarUpa se pratipAdita karate haiN| mAtra donoM kI varNanazailI hI bhinna hai| 37 sukkassaNaM jhANassa cattArI lakkhaNA pnnnnttaa| taMjahA-viveke | viusagge / avvahe, assaMmohe / 38 sukkassaNaM jhANassa cattArI AlaMvaNA pnnnntaa| taM jahA-khaMtI guttI muttI ajjave mahave / 39 sukkassaNaM jhANassa cattArI aNuppehAo paNNattAo taM jahA-avAyaNuppehA, asubhANuppehA, aNaMtavattiyANuppahA, vipariNAmANuppahA / se taM jhANe / (zrI uvavAI sUtra)
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________________ saMskRti / viziSTa yogavidyA / 401 AcArya zrImad haribhadrasUrijI mahArAjane apanI sarvatomukhI pratibhA kA yoga viSayaka sAhitya meM bhI pUrA paricaya diyA hai / Apa apane samaya ke ucca koTi ke vidvAna the| Apane prAcIna samaya se AtI huI yogadhArA ko sampUrNa rUpeNa jo nUtana kAyA pradAna kI hai vaha parama anupama hai| __ ApakA nirmita yoga sAhitya isa samaya cAra granthoM (SoDazaka prakaraNa, yogaviMzatikA, yogadRSTisamuccaya aura yogabindu ) meM prApta hai| jinameM AcArya bhagavAna ne eka hI yoga ( adhyAtma ) kA bhinna-bhinna prakAreNa vistArapUrvaka varNana kiyA hai| jisa prakAra ukta pAtaMjala yogadarzana meM ATha aMga yoga ke batalAye haiM vaise hI AcAryazrIne mitrA, tArA, balA, dIpA, sthirA, kAntA, prabhA aura parA, ye ATha aMga batalAye haiN| ukta pratyeka aMga meM yama niyamAdi kA samAveza ho jAtA hai / isa viSaya kA vizeSa jJAna prApta karanevAloM ko ukta granthoM kA anuzIlana karanA caahiye| hA~, vAcaka varga ko isa lekha meM jo truTi jJAta ho vaha mere liye rakha deM aura grAhya jo hoM ve pUrvAcAryoM kA pradatta samajha kara nija jIvana meM vyavahRta kara AtmavikAsa kI sAdhanA karane kA prayatna kareM yahI abhilASA hai| 1000000 9900 999999 40 isa lekha meM ina graMthoM kA sAbhAra upayoga kiyA gayA hai / zrI sthAnAMga sUtra, zrI samavAyAMga sUtra, zrI uvavAisUtra, zrI jainAgamoM meM aSTAMga yoga /
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________________ jina, jainAgama aura jainAcArya __jainaagmaanaampricyH| sA0 vi0 jainAcArya zrImadvijaya bhUpendrasUrIzvarAntevAsIpaM0 munizrI kalyANavijayajI-rAjagar3ha (madhyabhArata ) 'atthaM bhAsai arahA sutaM gaMthaMti gaNaharA NiuNa' sUtrA'pekSayA gaNadharakartRkatve'pi samayasyArthApekSayA bhagavatkartRkatvAd vAcyavAcakabhAvo na virudhyate / uktaJca-zrIvarddhamAnAd tripadImavApya, muhUrtamAtreNa kRtAni yena / aGgAni pUrvANi caturdazo'pi, sa gautamo yacchatu vAJchitaM me // gau0 a0 2 athavA-utpAdavyayadhrauvyaprapaJcaH samayaH teSAzca bhagavatA sAkSAn mAtRkApadarUpatayAbhidhAnAt-tathA cArSam-" upannai vA, vigameha vA, dhuvei vA, ityadoSaH / utpAdavyayamrauvyayuktatvaM padArthasAmAnyasya lakSaNam / tatra-svajAtitvAparityAgapUrvakapariNAmAntaraprAptirUpatvamutpAdasya lakSaNam / svajAtitvAparityAgapUrvakapUrvapariNAmavigamarUpatvaM vyayasya lakSaNam / svajAtisvarUpeNa vyayotpAdAbhAvarUpatvaM, svajAtitvArUpeNAnugatarUpatvaM vA dhrauvyasya lakSaNam / tattvArthasUtre a0 5 sU0 29 / yasmin kAle zramaNabhagavAncaramatIrthakarazrImahAvIraprabhuH kevaladarzana-jJAnotpatteranantaraM viharan , apApApuryo- apApAyAM madhyamAyAM mahasenavane jagAma tadA tatra somilAryoM nAma vipraH / sa yajJaM yaSTumudyataH / 1. prAgasyA nagaryA apApeti nAmAsIt bhagavAstatra kAlagatatvAt devaistu pApeti uktam /
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________________ aura jainAcArya jainAgamAnAmparicayaH / 403 tatra caikAdazopAdhyAyAH samAgatAH teSAJca saMdehA:-krameNa 1 jIvaH 2 karma 3 tajjIva taccharIre 4 paJcabhUtAni santi na vA 5 yo yAdRzaH sa tAdRzaH 6 bandha 7 devaH 8 nairayikaHnAraka 9 puNyaM 10 paraloka 11 mokSaH asti jIva ityAdinA-Avazyakamalayagiri-dvitIyakhaNDe kthitaa| " chinnami samayaMmi jAijarAmaraNaM vippamukkeNaM / so samaNo padaio paMcahiM saha khaMDiyasaehiM // sapramANena jinena bhagavatA zrIvardhamAnasvAminA jarAmaraNAbhyAmuktalakSaNAbhyAM vipramukta iva vipramuktastena chinne nirAkRte saMzaye sa indrabhUtiH paJcabhiH khaNDakazataiH chAtrazataiH saha zramaNaH pravajitaH san sAdhuH gaNadharaH saMjAta ityarthaH / evamanye'pi parAjitAH pravrajitAzca / tatpraNItaM jJAnaM-zAstra dvAdazAGgarUpazrutajJAnamevopAGgAdi / naisargikAdhigamikAnyatarasamyagdarzanavizadIkRtajJAnazAlinaH prANinaH, taireva vedituM zakyaM vedyaM paricchedyam / na punaH svasvazAstratattvAbhyAsaparipAkazANanizAtabuddhibhirapyanyaiH / teSAmanAdimithyAdarzanavAsanAdUSitamatitayA yathAvasthitavastutattvAnavabodhena bodharUpatvAbhAvAt / tathA cAgamaH " sadasadavisesaNAu bhavahe ujadicchiovalaMbhAu / NANaphalAbhAvAu micchAdidvissa aNNANaM // " vizeSAvazyaka gA. 115 ataeva tatparigRhItaM dvAdazAGgamapi mithyAzrutamAmananti, teSAmupapattinirapekSaM yadRcchayA vastutattvopalambhasaMrambhAt / samyagdRSTiparigRhItaM tu mithyAzrutamapi samyakzrutatayA pariNamati, samyagdRzAM sarvavidupadezAnusAri pravRttitayA mithyAzrutoktasyApyarthasya yathAvasthitavidhiniSedhaviSayatayonnayanAt / tacchutajJAnaM " maipudhaM jeNa surya " ( nandIsUtra 24 ) ' zrutaM matipUrvakAdhanekadvAdazamedam ' tattvArthasUtre / tathAGgapraviSTa-aGgabAhyabhedAt dvividhaH, dvitIyastvanekavidhaH aGgapraviSTadvAdazAGgasya mUlata upadeSTA zrIsarvajJo vItarAgaH-yasya svarUpaM mahAtmAno yogino niraMtaraM dhyAyanti / svapratItyA ca tatpadaprAptimeva sarvasvaprAptimanubhavanti, sarvajJavacanAni saMpradhArya zrIgaNadharaistannyabandhi / jainAgameSu dvAdazAnI prasiddhA'styeva, tasyAH nAmAni krameNa teSAM saMkSiptatayA paricayo'smin , prastAve kartuM mayA prayatno vidhIyate / dvAdazAGganAmAni caivam__1. indrabhUtiH, 2 agnibhUtiH 3 vAyubhUtiH shodbhvaaH| 4 vyaktaH, 5 sudharmA, 6 maNDita, 7 mauryaputrau sahodarau. 8 akampitaH, 9 acalabhrAtA, 10 metAyezca, 11 prabhAsakaH / ityakAdazaga 2. anuttarajJAnadarzanAdi dharmagaNaM dharatIti-gaNadharaH /
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________________ bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha jina, jainAgama AcArAGgaM sUtrakRtaM, sthAnAGga, samAyayuk / paJcamaM bhagavayacaM, jJAtA~dharmakathApi ca // upAsakAntakRdanuttaropotikAdazAH / praznavyAkaraNaM caiva vipAkasUtrameva ca // 12 dRSTivAdaH atrAntimasya dRSTivAdasya vyucchedAt ekAdazaivAjAni-ekadazAGgeti saMjJayA zvetAmbareSu prasiddhAni / / 1. AcaraNamAcAraH-Acaryate Asevyata iti vA ziSTAcarito jJAnAdiH 'AdizabdA. darzanAcAracAritrAcAratapA, cAravIryAcArANAgrahaNam , Asevana vidhirityarthaH / tatpratipAdako grantho'pyAcAraH sa cAsAvaGgazca AcArAGgam / tasya dvau zrutaskandhau tatra prathamo navAdhyayanAtmakaH / dvitIyaH SoDazAdhyayanAtmakaH, evaM paJcaviMzateradhyayanAnAM paJcaviMzatizatasaMkhyAkA zlokAH tatra zrIzIlAkAcAryakRtaTIkA 12000 cUrNi 8300 zrIbhadrabAhusvAmikRtaniyukti gAthA 338 zlokasaMkhyA 450 saMpUrNasaMkhyA 23250 shlokprimitaa| 2. sUcanAt sUtraM sUtreNa svaparasamayasUcanena kRtaM sUtrakRtam , tasya dvau zrutaskandhau, tatra prathamaH SoDazAdhyayanAtmakaH dvitIyaH saptAdhyayanAtmakaH / evaM trayoviMzateradhyayanAnAM mUlazlokasaMkhyA 2100 / zrIzIlAMkAcAryakRtaTIkA 12850 cUrNi 10000 zrIbhadrabAhusvAmikRtaniyukti gAthA 208 zlokasaMkhyA 250 saMpUrNasaMkhyA 25200 parimitA / 3. tiSThantyasminpratipAdyatayA jIvAdaya iti sthAnamekAdazAntasaMkhyAbhedo vA sthAnaM, tatpratipAdako grantho'pi sthAnam taccatadaGgaJca sthAnAGgam / asya dazAdhyanAni-sthAnAni mUlazlokasaMkhyA 3770 zrIabhayadevasUrikRtaTIkA 15250 saMpUrNasaMkhyA 19020 / ___4, samavAyanaM samavAya ekAdizatAntasaMkhyAsamAviSTAnAmpadArthAnAM saMgrahaH, taddhetuzca antho'pi samavAyaH / mUlazloka 1667 zrIabhayadevasUrikRtaTIkA 3776 pUrvAcAryakRtacUrNiH 400 saM. 5843 zlo0 parimitA / 5. bhagavatIti pUjAbhidhAnaM aparanAma vyAkhyAprajJapteH paJcamAnasya sA cAsau aGgazca bhagavatyaGgam / tasyAH 41 zatakAni mUlazloka 15752 zrIabhayadevasUrikRtaTIkA 18616 / pUrvAcAryakRtA cUrNiH 4000 saM0 saMkhyA 38368 zlokaparimitA / saMvat 1568 varSe zrImaddAnazekharopAdhyAyena 12000 zlokaparimitA laghuvRttiH kRtA / 6. jJAtAni udAharaNAni tatpradhAnA dharmakathA jJAtAdharmakathA tatpratipAdako antho'pi tathaiva / ekonaviMzatiradhyayanAtmakaH mUla 5500 zrIabhayadevasUrikRtaTIkA 4252 saMpUrNasaMkhyA 9752 shlokprimitaa|
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________________ 405 aura jainAcArya / jainAgamAnAmparicayaH / 7. upAsakAH zrAvakAH tadgatakriyAkalApapratibaddhA dazA dazAdhyayanarUpA upAsakadazAH / bahuvacanAntametad granthanAma / dazAdhyayanAtmakaH mUlazloka 812 zrIabhayadevasUrikRta. TIkA 900 saM. saMkhyA 1712 zlo. parimitA / 8. anto vinAzaH sa ca karmaNaH tatphalabhUtasya vA saMsArasya taM kurvanti ye tIrthakkarAdayaste'ntakRtaH teSAM dazAH prathamavargo dazAdhyayanAtmakatvAttatsaMkhyayA antakRddazAH adhyayanAni navatiH mUlazloka 900 zrImadabhayadevasUrikRta TIkA 300 saMpUrNasaMkhyA 1200 shlokprimitaa| 9. na vidyate uttaraH pradhAno'smAdityanuttara upapatanaM upapAto janma anuttarapradhAnaH saMsAre'nyasya tathAvidhasyAbhAvAt / upapAto'styeSAmityanuttaropapAtikAH vijayavaijayantajayantAparAjitasarvArthasiddhavimAnapaJcakajanmAno devAH tadvayaktAvyaktapratibaddhadazAH dazAdhyayanopalakSitA anuttaropapAtikadazAH / adhyayanAni trayoviMzatiH mUlazloka 292 zrIabhayadevasUrikRta TIkA 100 saMpUrNasaMkhyA 392 zlokaparimitA / 10. praznaH pRcchA tannirvacanaM vyAkaraNaM praznavyAkaraNaM tatpratipAdako antho'pi praznavyAkaraNam / dazAdhyayanAtmakam mUlazloka 1250 zrIabhayadevasUrikRtaTIkA 160 / 11. vipacana vipAkaH zubhAzubhakarmapariNAmaH tatpratipAdakaM zrutaM vipAkazrutam / viMzatiadhyayanAtmakaH mUlazloka 1216 zrImadabhayadevasUrikRtaTIkA 900 saMpUrNasaMkhyA 2116 zlokaparimitA / 12. dRSTayo darzanAni tAsAM vadanaM dRSTivAdaH dRSTInAM pAto yatrAsau dRSTipAto'pi sarvanayadRSTaya ihAkhyAyanta ityarthaH / sarvamidaM prAyo vyvcchinnm| etaanyevottraadhyynaadi-upaanggsNjnykaaH| daza-payannA-prakIrNakAH 6 chedasUtrANi 4 mUlasUtrANi sabhASyavRtticUrNi-ete 45 AgamAH prakIrtitAH / tathAhi suttaM gaNahararaiyaM, taheva patteyabuddharaiyaM ca / suya-kevaliNA raiyaM, abhinnadasa-puviNA raiyaM // yA zrutadevI jinamukhodbhavAtrailokyArAdhitA pUjanIyA gaNadharairapi vanditA na tu bhuvanapatinikAyinI zrutAdhiSThAtrI / iti jJAtavyam 1. mahAbhASyakAraH-yugapradhAnAcAryAH zrIjinabhadragaNikSamAzramaNapAdAH yena AvazyakasUtrasya sAmAyikAkhyasya prathamAdhyayanasya mUlasUtropari tadeva vizeSAvazyakasaMjJaka gAthAtmakaM bhAdhyaM racitamasti tat bhASyamabhidhIyate /
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________________ zrImatIrthaGkarAH tadvaiziSTyaJca / sA. vi. jainAcArya zrImadvijayabhUpendrasUrIzvarAntevAsI paM0 munizrI kalyANa vijayajI - rAjagar3ha ayi, sajjanAH ! jainadharme'smin yuge caturviMzatitIrthaGkarAH saMjAtAH teSAM tIrthapravartanena - AbhyantaravaiziSTyaM pratipAditameva, tasya ca nAyamavasaraH prakaTIkaraNAya, paraJca pArthivAdi zarIravaiziSTyaM, teSAmpunaH kIdRzaM zAstre varNitaM tadevAham pAThakAnAmadhe nivedayAmi / purAtanAcAryaiH zAstre yathAvarNitaM - sarvajJo jitarAgAdi- doSastrailokya pUjitaH / yathAsthitArthavAdI ca devo'In paramezvaraH // iha hi - arhato bhagavataH sarvajJavizeSaNadvAreNa kevalajJAnalakSaNa viziSTajJAnapratipAdanAtjJAnAtizayaH / uktaJca-kevalajJAnalakSaNam " sakalaM tu sAmagrIvizeSataH samudbhUtasamastAvaraNakSayApekSaM nikhiladravya paryAyasAkSAtkArisvarUpaM kevalajJAnam / " pramANanayatattvAloka - pa. 2, sUtra 23 / ' sarvadravyaparyAyeSu kevalasya ' tattvArtha - iti trikAla viSayavastunivedanA'nyathAnupapatteratIndriya kevalajJAna siddhiH / ataeva sarvaM jAnAtIti sarvajJaH, catustriMzadatizayasamanvitaH / teSAJca deho'dbhutarUpagandho, nirAmayaH svedamalojjhitaththa | zvAso'gandho rudhirAmiSaM tu, gokSIradhArAghavalaM hyavisram // 1 // AhAranIhAravidhistvadRzya x - zratvAra ete'tizayAH sahotthAH / atha karmakSayajAtizayAH 'kSetre sthitiryojana mAtra kespi, nRdeva tiryagjanakoTikoTeH // 2 // vaNI nRtiryaksuralokabhASA, saMvAdinI yojanagAminI ca / bhAmaNDala cAru ca maulipRSThe, viDambitAharpatimaNDalazri // 3 // * adRzya-mAMsacakSuSA na punaravadhyAdilocanayutena / 1. yojana pramANe'pi kSetre samavasaraNabhuvi samavasaranti nAnApariNAmA jIvAH kathaJcittucchatayA yasmin tatsa - mavasaraNannRNAM devAnAM tirazcAzca janAnAGkoTikoTisaMkhyAnAM sthitiravasthAnam / 2. vANIbhASA - arddhamAgadhI mAgadhI ityapi dRzyate-nRtiryaksuralokabhASayA saMvadati / ( 51 )
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________________ 407 aura jainAcArya zrImattIrthaGkarAH tadvaiziSTyaJca / sAgre ca gavyUtizatadvaye, rujAvairetayo mAryati dhRSTayavRSTayaH / durbhikSamanyasvakacakrato bhayaM, syAnnaita ekAdazakarmaghAtI // 4 // atha devakRtAnatizayAnAha khe dharmacakra camarAH saMpAdapIThaM, mRgendrAsanamujjvalaM ca / chatrayaM ratnamaya dhvajo'DinyAse ca cAmIkarapaGkajAni // 5 // vayaM cAru caturmukhAGgatA, caityadrumo'dhovadanAzca knnttkaaH| drumAnatirdundubhinAda uccakai,-rvAtA'nukUlaiH zakunAH pradakSiNAH // 6 // gandhAmbuvarSa bahuvarNapuSpavRSTiH, kacazmazrunakhApravRddhiH / caturvidhAmartya nikAyakoTirjaghanyabhAvAdapi pArzvadeze // 7 // RtUnAmindriyArthAnAmanukUlatvamityamI / ekonaviMzatidaivyAzcatusviMzaca mIlitAH // 8 // abhidhAna ci0 tathAhi-sarvajJasiddhiprasaGgena yadupanyastaM, sarvajJakalpazrImadhemacaMdrAcAryeNa, tadudAhRtya madIyalekhasyAzayaH prakaTIkriyate / atha " jJAnamapratiSaM yasya, vairAgyaM ca jgtpteH| aizvarya caiva dharmazca, sahasiddhaM catuSTayam " // iti vacanAt-sarvajJatvamarhatAmIzvarAdInAmastu / mAnuSasya tu kasyacidvidyAcaraNavato'pi tadasambhAvanIyam yatkumArila: " athApi vedadehatvAd , brhmvissnnumheshvraaH| kAmaM bhavantu sarvajJAH, sArvayaM mAnuSasya kim // " 3. yojanazate jvarAdirogo na syAt / . 4. evamekAdazA atizayAH jJAnAvaraNadarzanAvaraNamohanIyAntarAyAkhyakarmacatuSTayasya kSayAdutpadyante / 5 dharmaprakAzakaM cakraM, kha iti vartate-6-7-8-9 / 10. samavasaraNe ratnasuvarNarUpyamayaM prAkAratrayaM manojJaM bhavati / 11. caityAbhidhAno drumo'zokavRkSaH syAt / 12. sukhdtvaadnukuulH| 13. bahuvarNAnAmpaJcavarNAnAJjanunorutsedhasya, uccatvasya yatpramANaM yasyAH sA jAnUtsedhapramANamAtrA puSpavRSTiH syAt / 14. bhavanapativyatarajyotiSkavaimAnikadevAH prazAntacitramAnasA-prazAntAni, samaGgatAni citrANi rAgAghanekavidhavikArayuktatayA vividhAni mAnasAni yeSAnte, samIpe dharma nizAmayanti-zRNvanti / 15. RtUnAM vasantAdInAM sarvadA puSpAdisAmagrIbhirindriyArthAnAM sparzarasagandharUpazabdAnAmamanojJAnApakarSaNa manojJAnAJca prAdurbhAvanAnukUlatvambhavati / 16. devaH kRtA ekonviNshtistiirthkRtaamtishyaaH|
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha jina, jainAgama iti AH 1 sarvajJApalApapAtakin durvadavAdin / mAnuSatvanindArthavAdApadezena devAdhi - devAnadhikSipasi / ye hi janmAntarArjitojjita puNyaprAgbhArAH surabhavabhavamanupamaM sukhamanubhUya duHkhapaGkramagnamakhilaM jIvalokamuddidhIrSavo narakeSvapi kSaNaM kSiptasukhAsikAmRtavRSTayo manuSyalokamavateruH / janmasamayasamakAlaca litAsa nasa kalasurAsurendravRndavihitajanmotsavAH kiGkarAya mANasurasamUhAhamahamikArabdhasevAvidhayaH svayamupanatAmatiprAjyasAmrAjyazriyaM tRNavadavadhUyasamatRNamaNizatrumitravRttayo nijaprabhAva prezamiteti bhairakAdijagadupadravAH / zuklai dhyAnAnala nirdagdhaghAtikarmANa - Avi rbhUtanikhilabhAvAbhAvasvabhAvAvabhAvasikevala baladalitasakalajIvalokamohaprasarAH surAsuravinirmitAM samavasaraNa bhuvamadhiSThAya zva svabhAvabhASApariNAminIbhirvAgbhiH pravartitadharmatIrthAzca catustriMzadatizayamayIM tIrthAdhipatvalakSmImupabhujya paraM brahmasatatAnandaM sakalakarma nirmokSamupeyivA~sastAnmAnuSatvAdi sAdhAraNadharmopadezenApavadan sumerumapi loSThAdinA sAdhAraNI kartuM pArthivatvenApavadeH // kiJca, anavaratavanitAGgasambhoga durlalitavRttInAM vividha hetisamUhadhAriNAmakSamAlAdyAyatamanaHsaMyamAnAM rAgadveSamohakaluSitAnAM brahmAdInAM sarvavittvasAmrAjyam / yadavadAma stutau46 madena mAnena manobhavena, krodhena lobhena sasammadena / parAjitAnAM prasabhaM surANAM vRthaiva sAmrAjyarujA pareSAm // 99 pramANamImAMsA, pRSTha 12-13 uktaJca-dIrghakAlanirantara satkArAse vitaratnatrayaprakarSaparyante, ekatva vitarkAvicAradhyAnabalena niHzeSatayAjJAnAvaraNIyAdInAM ghAtikarmaNAM prakSaye sati cetanAsvabhAvasyAtmanaH prakAzasvabhAvasyeti 408 - 1. ItiH " ajanyAmItirutpAtaH / " iti haimaH 2-40 / Iyate prApyate duHkhamasyAmItiH / puM. strI. / ativRSTiranAvRSTiH zalabhA mUSakAH khagAH / pratyAsannAzca rAjAnaH SaDetA ItayaH smRtAH / / iti haimaH 2 - 239 maraNaM marakaH / 2. " marako mAraH 3. zucaM klAmayatIti zuklam zuca zoke bhvAdigaNa 183 pANinIyaH dhyai cintAyAm bhvAdigaNa 908 pA. dhyAyate - cintyate tattvamaneneti dhyAnam / zuklaJca taduddhyAnaM ca zukladhyAnam / 4. samavasaranti nAnA pariNAmA jIvAH kathaJcittucchatayA yasmin tatsamavasaraNam / 5. jJAnadarzanacAritrANi - iti ratnatrayam / 6. AdizabdAt - darzanAvaraNamohanIyAntarAyAkhyakarmaNAM grahaNam / paDhamaM 1 nANAvaraNaM, bIyaM puNa 2 daMsaNassa AvaraNaM / taiyaM ca 3 veyaNIyaM, tahA cautthaM ca 4 mohanIyaM // 5 // 5 AU 6 nAmaM 7 goyaM, aTThamiyaM 8 aMtarAiyaM hoI / karmavipAka // 6 // 1. prathamamAdyaM jJAnAvaraNaM jJAnasyAvaraNamAcchAdanaM kriyate yena karmaNA tajjJAnAvaraNam, tasya svabhAvo'rthAnavagamaH / etatkarmAdityaprabhAcchAdakameghavajjJAtRtvazaktimAvRNoti / 2. dRzyate'neneti darzanaM tasyAvaraNaM darzanAvaraNaM tasya svabhAvo'rthAnAlocanam / etatkarmapradIpaprabhAtirodhA* yakakumbhavaddarzanamAcchAdayati /
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________________ aura jainAcArya zrImattIrthaGkarAH tadvaiziSTyaJca / 40 yAvat / svarUpasya prakAzasvabhAvasya sata evAvaraNApagamenAvirbhAva AvirbhUtaM svarUpammukhamiva zarIrasya sarvajJAnAM pradhAna mukhyaM pratyakSam / taccendriyAdisahAyakavirahAt, sakalaviSayatvAdasAdhAraNatvAca kevalamityAgame prasiddham / sarvajJatvaJca sAmAnyakevalinAmAvazyaMbhAvItyatastad vyavacchedAya devo'hanniti vizeSyapadamapi vizeSaNarUpatayA vyAkhyAyate / yathA hi bhagavatAM zrImadarhatAmaSTottarasahasrasaMkhyabAhyalakSaNasaMkhyAyA upalakSaNatvenA'ntaraGgalakSaNAnAM satvAdInAmAnantyamuktam / ___-nizIthacUrNi 17 uddeze. jitarAgAdidoSaH-rAgAdijetRtvAda samUlakASaGkaSitarAgAdidoSaH / anenASTAdazadoSasaMkSayAbhidhAnAdapAyApagamAtizayaH / / antarAyadAnalAbhavIryabhogopabhogAH / hAso ratyaratIbhItirjugupsA zoka eva / kAmo mithyAtvamajJAnaM nidrA cAviratistathA / rAgo dveSazca no doSAsteSAmaSTAdazAcyamI // abhidhAna, ci. 72-73 jitarAgadoSatA tu-upazAntamohaguNasthAnavartinAmapi sambhavatItyataH kSINamohAkhyA'patipAtiguNasthAnaprAptipatipattyartham / 3 vedyate-AhlAdirUpeNAnubhUyate yattadvedanIyam / yadyapi sarva karma vedyate tathApi paGkajAdizabdavat vedanIyazabdasya rUDhiviSayatvAt (sAtAsAta )sukhaduHkharUpameva karma vedanIyamityucyate / tasya svabhAvaH sukhaduHkhasaMvedanam / etatkarma sukhaM duHkhaM cotpAdayati / 4. darzanacAritre ca mohamutpAdayati mohayati sadasadvivekavikalaGkaroti, AtmAnamiti vA mohanIyam / Adyasya darzanamohanIyasya svabhAvastattvArthazraddhAnam , ettkrmdurjnsnggvttttvaarthe'shrddhaamutpaadyti| dvitIyasya cAritramohanIyasya svabhAva indriyaniyamanAbhAvaH etatkarmAcaraNena indriyANAmavyavasthAmutpAdayati / 5. eti-gacchati gatyantaramanenetyAyuH AyurnAmakarmaNaH svabhAvo bhavadhAraNam / etatkarmakartRNAM manuSyapazvA dInAm dehaM dhArayati / 6. nAmayati gatyAdiparyAyAnubhavanamprati pravaNayati jIvamiti, nAmasaMjJakakarmaNaH svabhAvo nArakAdinAma karaNam , idakarmacitrakAravannAnAvidhAH saMjJAH Adhatte / 7. gUyate zabdyate uccAvacaiH zabdairAtmA yasmAttadgotram , kumbhakAra iva / 8. jIvadAnAdikaM cAntarA eti na jIvasya dAnAdikaM kartuM dadAtIti-antarAyam, ettkmkRpnnvdaan| diSu-antarAthaJjanayati, iti jJeyam / 1. micche 2 sAsaNa 3 mIse 4 aviraya 5 deze 6 pamatta 7 apmtte| 8 niyaDhi 9 aniyaTTi 10 suhamu 11 vasama 12 khINa 13 sajogI 14 ajogIguNA // -dvi. karmagrantha 2 gAthA
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________________ 41. zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha jina, jainAgama trailokyapUjitaH ityanenA'kRtrimabhaktibhara nirbharasurA'suranikAyanAyakanirmitamahApAtihAryasaparyA prijnyaapnaat-puujaatishyH| yAvatA yathoddiSTaguNagarIyastribhuvanaprabhostrailokyapUjyatvaM na kathaJcanavyabhicaratIti ttvm| laukikAnAM hi devAH pUjyatayA prasiddhAH teSAmapi devo'rhanneva pUjya iti vizeSaNenAnena jJApayannAcAryaparamezvarasya devAdhidevatvamAvedayati / / ___ yathAsthitArthavAdI-prabhoravisaMvAdivacanatayA vizvavizvAsamamitvAt , ataeva hi yathAvajjJAMnAvalokita vastuvAdI kunayairvAdhituM na shkyte| tIrthAntarIyaparikalpitatattvAbhAsanirAsena bhagavato yathAsthitavastutatvavAditvakhyApanenaiva pramANamaznute / AtmamAtratArakamakAntakRt kevasyAdirUpamuNDakevalino yathAsthitavastunirUpaNA'samarthasya vyavacchedArtha vA vizeSaNametat / paramezituH paramakAruNikatayAnapekSitasvaparapakSavibhAgamadvitIyaM hitopadezakatvaM dhvanyate / anena vacanAtizayaH pratipAditaH-atrAyamAzayaH-yadyapi bhagavAnavizeSeNa nikhilajagajjantujAta. hitAvahAM sarvebhya eva dezanAvAcamAcaSTe / tathApi keSAzcinnicitanikAcitapApakarmakaluSitAmanAM rucirUpatayA na pariNamate / apunabaMdhakAdi vyatiriktatvenAyogyatvAttathA ca-apagatamale hi manasi sphaTikamaNAviva, rajanikaragabhastayo vizanti sukhamupadezagaNAH / guruvacanamamalamapi salilamiva, mahadupajanayati zravaNasthitaM zUlamabhavyasya / / kAdambarI pUrvArddha 1. 1 kaMkilli 2 kusumavuTTi 3 devajjhuNi 4 cAmarA 5 saNAI ca / 6 bhAvalaya 7 meri 8 chattaM jayanti jinnpaaddiheraaiN|| -pravacanasAroddhAre-dvAra 39 gA. 44. 2. anto vinAzaH sa ca karmaNaH tatphalasya vA saMsArasya kRto yena so'ntkRtkevlii-atiitaanaagtvrtmaansuukssmvyvhitpdaarthvedii| . (1) dravyabhAvamuNDanapradhAnastathAvidhabAhyAtizayazUnyaH kevlii| (2) saMvigno bhavanirvedAdAtmaniHsaraNaM tu yH| AtmArtha saMpravRtto'sau sadA syaanmunnddkevlii| (3) yaH punaH samyaktvAvAptau bhavanairguNyadarzanatastannirvedAdAtmaniHsaraNameva kevalamabhivAJchati tathaiva ceSTate sa muNDakevalI bhavati / 4-pAvaNaM tibvabhAvA kugai Na bahumannaI bhavaM ghoram / ucci ar3hiI ca sevai savvatyavi apuNabandhotti, iti dharmasaMgrahatRtIyAdhikaraNe / pApamazuddharmatatkAragatvAddhinsAdyapi pApam / tannaiva tIvrabhAvAdgADhasaMkliSTapariNAmAt karoti / atyantotkaTamithyAtvAdi kSayopazamena labdhAtmanairmalyavizeSatvAttIvra iti vizeSaNAdApannam / atIvra. bhAvAtkarotyapi tathAvidhakarmadoSAttathA na bahumanyate na bahumAnaviSayI karoti bhavaM saMsAraM ghoraM raudraM ghoratvAvagamAt / tathocitasthitimanurUpapratipattim , ca zabdaH samuccaye sevate karmalAghavAtsarvatrApi / AstAmekatradezakAlAvasthApekSayA samarateSvapi devAtithimAtApitRprabhRtiSu mArgAnusAritAbhimukhatvena mayUrazizudRSTAntAdpunarbadhakaHH / uktanirvacano jIva ityevaMvidhakriyAliGge bhavatIti / abhidhAnarAjendrakoSe pra. bhA0 pR. 6.7
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________________ hAryakara bhagavAnnI lokottrupmaano| tataravyaktitva tiirthkrngvaanniilokoshrmaayo|| titaravyaktitva lokotarAdAkhala sAyikAzAstra nIkotarAdazAha ||shriimaataa zikSAupamA / nItIyakRtAmahati kAvAsUkhasita -sivaaupmaa|| ahanto di ahanto di mahAgovA mahAmAam rAjIvanikAyAgAze,jateyAleMtimahAgovA / mAiyAdijinivavaMcayAveMau -mIyAmamA saceyAnA mhNtaanjjaaveyvaanprisivaanyriyaayvaanuddveyaa||5|| -zrIzacArAMga.43.1sUra tIrthakara bhagavAn nIlokosarauvamAnoma tataravyakti tIrthakaranagavAnnIlokotara upamA tataravila svAyikA mAthikAcAva lokottarAdA lokotarAvazAla mItIrthakRtAmaha siupmaa| nItItheSThatAmaha pasiupamA arhantodi mahAniryAmakAH mahAsArthazahAH ||ninaamgryaannN,amuuttnaamiikmpdhaaraann| bNdaamivilaayvlyonividenntaaviryaa| vaannibupurNniymovshlvmge| shuruvaardesiytN,evNyNniliNdaa|| -zrI-zA.ni. -006 -zrI sAba.ni.gA. muni zrI abhayasAgarajI ke saujanya se.
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________________ vizva ke uddhAraka pUjya gurudeva zrAvamasAgarajI gaNivara-caraNopAsaka munizrA abhayasAgarajA saMsAra meM aneka prakAra ke prANI dikhAI dete haiM / unameM se kitaneka apane peTa ke gaDDe ko bar3I parezAnI ke sAtha pUrNa kara sakate haiN| kitaneka apane AzritoM kA pAlana-poSaNa pUrNa rUpa se kara nahIM sakate aura kitaneka zrImaMta puruSa AzritoM kA barAbara pAlana kara lene ke uparAMta dIna, duHkhI, anAtha prANioM ko bhI AzvAsanadAyaka sahakAra de kara unake mUka AzIrvAda ke pAtra banate haiM / parantu aMguliyoM para gine jAMya utane hI jagatabhara meM koI mahApuruSa prANiyoM ko saMpUrNa rUpa se trividha tApa se bacAnevAle, vAstavika sukhazAMti ke denevAle aura niSkAraNa upakAra karanevAle hote haiM / aise sarvottama mahApuruSa apane ucca AdarzAnukUla kriyAzIla jIvana se jo vArasA saMsAra ko dete haiM use samajhane ke liye zAstrakAroMne vividha prakAra kI upamAeM zAstroM meM adbhuta DhaMga se samajhAI haiM / usameM kI ati mahatva kI kucha upamAoM kA zAstrIya DhaMga se vicAra isa laghu lekha meM kiyA jA rahA hai / nyAyavizArada, nyAyAcArya, pU0 upA. zrI yazovijayajI mahArAja zrI navapadapUjA (DhA. 1, gA. 4) meM zrItIrthaMkara bhagavaMtoM kI lokottara upakAritA samajhAte hue pharamAte haiM ki:" mahAgopa mahAmAhaNa kahIe, niryAmaka satthavAha | upamA ehavI jehane chAje, te jina namIe ucchAha re || - bhavikA ! siddhacakra pada vaMdo // " zrItIrthaMkara paramAtmAoM ke adbhuta vyaktitva kA yathArtha paricaya karAnevAlI ye mahAgopa, mahAmAhaNa, mahAniryAmaka, mahAsArthavAha kI cAra rUpaka upamA priya jIvoM ko atyupayogI hotI haiM, ataH unakA kramazaH vivecana kiyA jAtA hai / 1. mahAgopa jIvanikAyA gAvo, jaM te pArleti mahAgovA / maraNAimayAhi jiNA, NivANavaNaM ca pArzveti // Avazyaka niryukti gA. 916 1. mahAgopa citraparicayaH khaGgAsana meM sthita zrItIrthaMkara bhagavaMta ke donoM hAthoM kA tanika moDa - ( 52 )
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka - pratha jina, jainAgama jisa bhAMti gvAlA apane yA gAMva ke gAya, bhaiMsa, gADara, bakare Adi pazuoM kA barAbara pAlana-poSaNa karatA hai aura acche ghAsacAre evaM mIThe pAnI ke sthAnavAle acche jaMgaloM meM le jAtA hai evaM ca bAgha, zera, cittA Adi zikArI pazuoM ke trAsa se unakA bacAva pratikSaNa karatA rahatA hai, isI taraha chaH jIva - nikAyarUpa samasta ajJAna prANioM ko dharma kI ArAdhanA ke sAtha evaM suyogya mArgadarzanarUpa vyavasthita saMrakSaNa ke sAtha Atmikatatva ke ramaNatArUpa acche ghAsa-pAnI se bharapUra suMdara mokSarUpa jaMgala kI ora le jAte haiM aura rAgadveSarUpa bAgha evaM purAne azubha saMskArarUpa zikArI pazuoM ke trAsa se madhura upadeza ke bala para yatnapUrvaka bacAte rahate haiM - tIrthaMkara bhagavAn / 412 aise zrI tIrthaMkara paramAtmA sacamuca meM akhila vizva ke choTe-baDe prANI mAtra ke sacce saMrakSaka haiM aura mahAgopa ke mahattvapUrNa viruda ko ve dhAraNa kara apanI lokottara jIvanazakti kA paricaya de rahe haiM / 2. mahAmAhaNa " save pANA sa bhUyA sabe jIvA sabai sattA Na haMtavA, Na ajAveyavA, Na paridhetavA, Na pariyAveyavA, Na udbhaveyavA || 99 - zrI AcArAMga sUtra adhya. 43. u. 1, sU. 1. isa avasarpiNI ke Adya tIrthaMkara zrI RSabhadeva bhagavaMta ke putra aura Adya cakravartI zrI bharatacakravarttI ke ve Adarza mahAzrAvaka jo jahA~-tahA~ honevAlI hiMsA ko " mA haNa jhukAva una ke AsapAsa khar3e hue cAroM gati ke jIvoM ko bacAne kI bhAvakaruNA kA dyotaka hai| grAmINa poSAka meM rahA huA gvAlA prabhu kI mahAgopatA sUcita karatA hai / eka TopIvAlI aura eka pagar3I vAlI mAnavAkRti prAcIna - arvAcIna ubhaya saMskRtivAlI mAnava jAti ko zaraNAgata batA rahI hai / vAma pakSa para nArakI aura devagati ke pratIka batAye haiN| cAroM hI gati ke jIva prabhu kI bhAva- dayA ke pAtra bane hue haiM / citra kI upara kI golAI meM bAMhI ora pRthvIkAya, teukAya aura dAMyI ora vAyukAya, apkAya, vanaspatikAya batAye aura citra ke nIce ke ardhavartula meM jalacara, sthalacara, khecara Adi vividha paMcendriyaticoM ke prakAra batAye haiM / prabhu ke sadupadeza dvArA vizva ke samasta prANiyoM ke hote huye kalyANa ko batAnevAlA yaha mahAgopa kA citra zrI tIrthaMkaradeva paramAtmA kI lokottara upakAritA pradarzita karatA hai / 2. mahAmAhaNa citraparicayaH -- bhUmaMDala ke ucca bhAga para zrI tIrthaMkara paramAtmA ko vItarAgadazA meM aura unake hAthoM ko abhayamudrA se phaile hue batA kara saMsAra ke prANiyoM ko pApapUrNA hiMsA ke viSama mArga se mor3a kara saMyama aura jayaNA ke amogha mArga para Ane kA madhura saMketa hai aura abhayadAna kA sUcaka hai / citra ke nIce ke ardhavartula meM ajJAna - aviveka se karttavyavimUDha bane hue prANioM kI hiMsaka pravRttioM ke namUne batAye haiM /
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________________ aura jainAcArya vizva ke uddhAraka / 413 mA haNa " zabdoM se rokane - thAmane kI ceSTA karate the, ve hI mahAzrAvaka Age cala kara nauveM tIrthaMkara ke nirvANa ke bAda mAhaNa saMsthA ke sarjaka bana kara kAladoSa evaM bhavitavyatA yoga se vikRta brAhmaNa jAti ke utpAdaka hue / isa taraha lokottara upakArI zrI tIrthaMkara paramAtmA bhavyAtmAoM ko uddezya kara niraMtara ghoSaNApUrvaka kaha rahe haiM ki - " mA haNa mA haNa " " kisI jIva kI hiMsA mata karo, hiMsA mata karo, zakya jayaNAbuddhi aura vivekabuddhi ke samanvaya se anarthadaMDa kA sarvathA tyAga kara arthadaMDa ke rUpa meM vivakSatA se Avazyaka rUpa meM kI jAnevAlI hiMsA ke kSetra meM bhI saMkoca karate raho // 99 uparokta abhaya saMdeza zrI tIrthaMkaradeva bhagavaMta saMsAra ke nikhila prANioM ko apanI abhayamudrA se niraMtara sunA rahe haiM / 3. mahAniryAmaka " NijjAmagarayaNANaM, amUDhaNANamaikaNNadhArANaM / vaMdAmi viSayapaNao, tiviheNa tidaMDavirayANaM // - zrI Avazyakaniryukti gA. 914. "9 samudra ke yAtriyoM kI kSemakuzalatA kI dRSTi se jahAz2a ko calAnevAle nAvikakhalAsI - malAhA evaM sukAnI kI nipuNa kAryapaddhati kI atyaMta apekSA rahatI hai; kyoM ki isake binA jahAz2a pAnI kI gaharAI meM chipe hue jalAvartta pAnI ke bha~vara - (cakkaradAra pAnI) meM pha~sakara yA choTI bar3I pahAr3iyoM se TakarAkara cUra-cUra ho jAtA hai| zAyada puNya saMyoga se jahAja surakSita bhI raha gayA to bhI sAmane kinAre jidhara yAtrIko jAnA ho udhara nipuNa nAvika ke binA vyavasthita rUpa se jahAz2a sakuzala bar3ha nahIM sakatA hai / 3. mahAniryAmaka citraparicayaH - bhayaMkara saMsArarUpa samudra batA kara usameM bhayaMkara tUphAna aura uchalate hue pAnI ke bar3e-bar3e goTe batA kara saMsArI jIvoM ke ajJAnapUrNa vyAvahArika jIvanarUpa jahAja ko abhI DUbane kI sthiti meM batAyA hai| nIce ke bhAga meM eka dumaMjilI sAdhanasaMpanna bar3I nAva batA kara usake Age ke tUtaka para nAva ko calAnevAlA eka mahAhA batA kara tIrthaMkaradeva bhagavaMta ko nikaTa meM pahAr3I caTTAna para mArgadarzaka ke rUpa meM batAyA hai| isase samajhane ko milatA hai ki - vItarAgadeva bhagavaMtoM ke vacanoM ke AdhAra para jIvana kI tamAma kriyAoM kA baMdhAraNa banA kara viveka aura saMyama ke sAtha hara pravRtti karanevAle kI jIvananaukA janma - jarA - maraNAdi ke pAnI se bhare hue ati bhayaMkara saMsArasamudra se saralatA se pAra ho jAtI hai / ataH zrI tIrthaMkara bhagavaMtoM kA upadeza hI mumukSuoM ke jIvana ko pavitra banAnevAlA hai, isa cIja ko yaha citra dhvanita karatA hai /
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasari-smAraka-graMtha jina, jainAgama isI taraha saMsArarUpa samudra meM ajJAna ke kUhare meM phaMsa kara usTe rAste jA rahe saMsArI jIvoM ke jIvana-jahAz2a ko zrI tIrthakara paramAtmA svayaM nAvika bana kara samyag jJAnarUpa mukAna kI vizeSatA ke sAtha jJAna-kriyA se samanvita sadupadezarUpa jahAz2a calAne kI kriyA karate hue saMpUrNa yogakSema ke sAtha nirvighna rUpa se sAmane ke mokSakinAre kI ora le jAte haiN| 5 mahAsArthavAha pAvaMti NivvuipuraM, jiNo vaidveNa ceva maggeNaM / aDavIi desiyattaM, evaM NeyaM jiNiMdANaM // -zrI Avazyakaniyukti gA0 906 prAcInakAla meM sthalamArga se vyApArAdi ke lie jAnevAle pUrva ke puNya ke yoga se milI huI saMpatti, zakti evaM sAdhanoM se samRddha vyApArI loga sAdhanahIna anya vyApArioM ko-jo ki mArga kI vikaTatA, caukIdArI yA annAdi kI vyavasthA evaM viziSTa sahayoga na milane ke kAraNa arthopArjana ke lie akele videzayAtrA karane kA sAhasa nahIM kara sakate the, sAdara premapUrvaka unheM nimaMtraNa dekara apane sAtha videza meM le jAte the| barika mArga meM AnevAle bhayaMkara jaMgaloM meM vyavasthita caukIdArI, jaMgalI zikArI jIvoMse saMpUrNa rakSaNa evaM khAne-pIne kI saMpUrNa vyavasthA Adi suyogya uttaradAyitya ke sAtha kuzalatApUrvaka bar3e-bar3e vikaTa jaMgaloM ko pAra karavA kara bar3e-bar3e zaharoM meM le jAte the| jisako jahA~ jAnA hotA usako vahA~ pahuMcA dete aura vyApAra karane ke liye unheM Avazyaka dhana-sampatti bhI dete the / lauTate samaya una saba ko surakSitarUpa se sAtha lekara sakuzala apane-apane ghara pahuMcA dete the| aise udAracarita vyApArioM ko prAcInakAla meM sArthavAha kI mAnapUrNa padavI dIjAtI thI aura unakA bar3A sammAna kiyA jAtA thaa| asahAya vyApArI evaM duHkhI vaNikputroM kI 4. mahAsArthavAha citraparicayaH-ati gahana saMsArarUMpa jaMgala meM vyApAra dRSTise se UMTa, baila, ghoDe, gaddhe, khaccara Adi para pUrA mAla sAmAna asabAba lAda kara videzayAtrA karanevAle sArtha kA dRzya batAkara muktirUpa nagara meM pahuMca kara AtmA kI adbhuta-akSaya jJAnAdi guNoM kI saMpatti pAne ke lie atyutsuka hue mumukSu jIvoM ko batAyA haiN| parantu jaMgala meM pUrI saMrakSaNatA rakhanevAle sArthavAha zeTha ke mArgadarzana yA dekhabhAla vinA vaha videzagamana karanevAlA sArtha sakuzala prayANa nahIM kara sakatA; ataH citra meM bA~yI ora eka bar3e per3a kI Ar3a meM se Age baDhate hue zrI tIrthaMkaradeva paramAtmA ko aura unake pIche kevalajJAna ke atyujjvala prakAza se Alokita vipula mArga ko batAyA hai| usa mArga se apane pIche 2 samasta jagatabhara ke mumukSu prANioM ko nizaMkarUpa se cale Ane kA madhura saMdeza zrI tIrthaMkaradeva paramAtmA apanI hitakara prazAnta mudrA se sunA rahe haiN|
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________________ aura jainAcArya vizva ke uddhAraka / 415 hara taraha se sahAyatA karanA, vyavasAya meM unako nipuNa banAnA ve sadA apanA kartavya samajhate the / sArthavAha kI padavI unake sAtha laga kara sArthaka hotI thii| ThIka isI bhA~ti zrItIrthaGkara paramAtmA bhI saMsArarUpa mahAbhayaMkara jaMgala meM se AtmakalyANa kI bhAvanArUpa vyApAra ke arthI mumukSu jIvoM ko sanmArga ke upadeza-sAdhanoM dvArA rAga-dveSa Adi DAkuoM ke trAsa se bacAkara aura tadanusAra samaya ke pAlana meM Avazyaka evaM upayogI jJAna-darzana-cAritra kI mahAmUlya dhana-saMpatti dekara mokSarUpa mahAnagara meM saralatA se pahuMcA kara evaM Atmika zaktioM ke akhUTa khajAne kA unako svAmI banAkara sadAkAlIna mukha-samRddhi ke pAtra banA dete haiN| ataH zrItIrthakara bhagavaMta vizva ke suyogya mumukSu jIvoM ko sanmArgopadeza dvArA kamoM ke baMdhanoM se chur3AnevAle evaM parama sAdhana sukha ke bhoktA banAnevAle mahAsArthavAha ke rUpa meM jagata ke sacce uddhAraka mAne gaye haiN| isa taraha jagat ke mahAn tAraNahAra lokotara mahimAzAlI adbhuta vyaktitva ke svAmI zrItIrthakara paramAtmA ko sacce svarUpa meM pahacAnane-samajhane ke liye zAstrIya ye cAra upamAeM atyupayogI haiN| inheM jAnakara mumukSu AtmA zrItIrthakara paramAtmA ke Adarza jagat ke hitakArI yathArtha svarUpa ko samajhakara apane aMtima lakSya kI prApti ke lie samyak prakAra se prayatnazIla baneyaha hI zubhecchA hai|
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________________ tIrthaGkara aura usakI vizeSatAyeM lakSmIcandra jaina ' saroja' ratalAma tIrthaGkara kA artha jainadharma ke pracArakoM ko tIrthaMkara kahA jAtA hai, jinako usa tIrthakaranAmakarma kI prakRti se arahantapada prApta hotA hai aura jo jainakarmavAda ke dRSTikoNa meM sarvoparipuNyaprakRti hai / tIrthaMkara kA artha hai- jo tIrtha ko kare ' arthAt jo dharmarUpI tIrtha kA vistAra karate haiM athavA dharma ke cakra kA punarAvartana karate haiM ve tIrthakara haiN| upara kI paMktiyoM meM jisa tIrtha zabda kI bAta kahI gaI hai use kucha vizeSa samajha lenA Avazyaka hai| tR dhAtu se tha pratyaya sambaddha hokara tIrtha zabda banatA hai / tIrtha kA sarala artha hai-'jisa ke dvArA tarA jAya / ' isa zabdArtha ko grahaNa karane se tIrtha zabda ke aneka artha ho jAte haiN| udAharaNa ke liye deva-zAstra-guru, pavitra dharma, pavitra karma, pavitra sthAna Adi parantu phira bhI pUrva ke artha kI mAnyatA meM, jo tIrtha yA tIrthakara ke artha ke sambandha meM hai, koI bAdhA nahIM AtI hai| isa tIrtha ke zabdArtha se pUrvokta tIrthaMkara ke zabdArtha kA samanvaya isa prakAra hogaa| jo deva-zAstra, pavitra dharma-karma-sthAna ityAdi tIrthoM ke AdhArabhUta prayojana haiM ve tIrthaMkara haiM athavA jo deva-zAstra-guru, pavitra dharma-karma-sthAna Adi tIrthoM ko, karate haiM tIrthakara haiN| tIrthakara zabda kA eka artha aura bhI ho sakatA hai / tIrtha kA artha hai-'salila' tIrtha ke artha se tIrthaMkara ke artha kA sAmaJjasya isa prakAra hogaa| jo apane jIvana meM anekAneka jIvoM ke liye, unake uddhAra ke artha kalyANamayI bhAvanA se prerita ho dharmarUpI tIrtha yA salila kI dhArA pravAhita karate haiM ve tIrthakara haiN| *tIrthaGkara prakRti kA prabhAva pahale kahA jA cukA hai ki tIrthakaranAmakarma kI prakRti se tIrthaMkara hote haiM jo puNya. prakRtiyoM meM sarvopari aura sarvazreSTha hai| puNyaprakRti tIrthaMkara ke bandha ke kAraNa anya tadanu * gatijAtizarIrAGgopAMganirmANabandhanasaMghAtasaMsthAnasaMhananasparzarasagandhavarNAnupUrvyAgurulaghUpaghAtaparAghAtAtapodyotocchavAsavihAyogatayaH pratyekazarIratrasasubhagasusvarazUbhasUkSmaparyAptisthirAdeyazaHkIrtisetarANi tIrthakaratvaM ca / ye nAmakarma kI 93 prakRtiyAM haiM aura unameM antima tIrthakaraprakRti hai /
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________________ 417 aura jainAcArya tIrthaGkara aura usakI vizeSatAyeM / sAriNI puNya prakRtiyAM mila kara tIrthaMkara ke jIvana-caritra ko adhikAdhika rUpa meM AkarSaka aura prabhAvaka banA DAlatI haiN| jisase sArA saMsAra pratyakSa meM prabhAvita hotA hai aura parokSa meM kabhI-kabhI vizvAsa prakaTa karake bhI vismaya tathA ajJAna ke vazIbhUta ho Azcarya prakaTa karane lagatA hai / itanA hI nahIM kabhI 2 avizvAsa prakaTa karatA huA asambhava bhI kaha detA hai| tIrthakara-prakRti bhAvI tIrthaMkara ke garbha meM Ane ke pUrva hI apanA amita atIva prazasta prabhAva prakaTa karanA prArambha karatI hai| pariNAmasvarUpa tIrthaMkara ke garbhakAla se avataraNa ke kAla paryanta ratnoM kI varSA hone lagatI hai aura janma ke samaya to naraka ke nArakI taka eka kSaNa ko vaira aura virodha bhUla kara mahAn yAtanApUrNa jIvana se unmukta sarIkhe ho jAte haiN| pRthvI ke puruSa aura pazu tathA pakSI hI nahIM barika svoM ke devatA bhI tIrthakara ke janma se mudita hote haiN| tIrthaGkara kA vyaktitva puNya ke pratApa se hI saba sahaja sulabha hotA hai| jaba tIrthaMkara kA puNya saMsAra meM sarvopari hotA hai to usakA vyaktitva kitanA mahAn aura ucca koTi kA hogA ! yaha kahanA to dUra rahA, saMkucita tathA sImitasI mAnavIya pratibhA saharSa sahasra bAra prayatna karane para anu. mAna bhI nahIM lagA pAtI / tIrthakara sAmAnya kulIna nahIM hote / ve adhikAdhika pratiSThita sammAnanIya rAjavaMzaja kSatriya hote haiM / ataeva sunizcita hai ki unakA vyaktitva asAdhAraNa hotA hai / vajravRSabhanArAca saMhanana (xjo chahoM saMhananoM meM sarvazreSTha hai ) aura samacaturasra saMsthAna+ (jo chahoM saMsthAnoM meM sarvopari hai) tIrthaMkara ke hotA hai, jisake kAraNa tIrthakara kA zarIra vajramaya hotA hai aura jo atIva kSamatA rakhatA hai tathA jo apane Apa meM saba kucha kara sakane kI sAmarthya rakhatA hai| tIrthaMkara zArIrika-mAnasika, sAmAjika-sAmUhika sampUrNa zaktiyoM se saMyukta ho sarvazreSTha aura sarvamAnya hotA hai / vaha eka hokara bhI aneka vyaktiyoM ko vaza meM hI nahIM karatA, balki apane anukUla bhI banA letA hai / isI AdhAra para to vicAraka tIrthaMkaroM ko *trezaTha zalAkA puruSoM meM sarvaprathama sthAna dete haiM aura jo tIrthakara ke vyaktitva kI mahattA ko dekhate huye ucita bhI hai| 4 varSabhanArAcasaMhanana, vajranArAcasaMhanana, nArAcasaMhanana, ardhanArAcasaMhanana, kIlakasaMhanana aura asaMprAptAsapATikAsaMhanana ye chaha saMhanana mAne jAte haiN| ___ + samacaturasrasaMsthAna, nyagrodhaparimaMDalasaMsthAna, svAtisaMsthAna, kubjasaMsthAna, vAmanasaMsthAna aura huMDakasaMsthAna ye chaH saMsthAna mAne gaye haiN| * 24 tIrthakara, 12 cakravartI, 9 nArAyaNa, 9 pratinArAyaNa, 9 balabhadra ye vezaTha zalAkA puruSa mAne jAte haiM jinake caritra prathamAnuyoga sambandhI zAstroM meM milate haiN|
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________________ 418 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha jina, jaivAyama tIrthaGkara kA jIvana tIrthakara pUrNa puruSArthI puruSa hotA hai / vaha dharmavIra hone ke sAtha hI karmavIra bhI hotA hai / tIrthakara kA jIvana pUrNa vikAsamaya hotA hai| vaha apane jIvana meM una kamoM ko, jinake kAraNa saMsAra nAnA prakAra kI yoniyoM meM paribhramaNa karatA hai, jIta kara karmavIra banatA hai aura aise dharma ke cakra kA pravartana kara, jo nIce se U~cAI para pahu~cAne meM samartha hai, jo bhArI se harakA karane ke liye satata sannaddha hai, dharmavIra banatA hai| jaba tIrthakara karmavIra ke rUpa meM saMsAra ke kAryoM ko kara ke, jo use Avazyaka hote haiM, AtmA se sambandhita karmoM para vijaya prApta karane ke liye prastuta hotA hai, taba bhI vaha manuSyoM ko apanI ora AkarSita karatA hai aura jaba vaha dharmavIra ke rUpa meM saMsAra ke kalyANa kI kAmanA se prerita ho kara samavasaraNoM kI sabhAoM meM apUrva azruta Atmavibhoraka dharmopadezAmRta kA rasa plAvita karatA hai, taba bhI vaha apanI ora anya vyaktiyoM ko AkarSita karatA hai| __ yadyapi tIrthaMkara rAjaputra hotA hai to rAjA banatA hai, cakravartI banatA hai, kAmadeva bhI banatA hai-prajA aura parijana kI mamatA tathA moha meM bhI pha~satA hai; tathApi saMsAra kI mAnyatA kA sukha, jo ekase adhika duHkhoM kA bIja hai, use apanI ora pUrNatayA AkarSita nahIM kara paataa| sAre saMsAra kI sukha-sAdhana sAmagriyoM ke samudAya kA sadupayoga karate rahane para bhI vaha AtmA kI ora se, Atma-dharma kI ora se kabhI bhI parAGmukha nahIM hotA / pratyuta sAMsArika jIvana meM vaha dhArmika saMskAroM ke aGkuroM ko pUrNatayA jar3a jamAne kA avasara pradAna karatA hai, jisake AdhAra para use apanA sacce sukha kA puSpita-pallavita-phalita dharma-viTapa vRddhiMgata karanA hai / loka ke logoM kI dRSTi meM tIrthaMkara kA jIvana AzA se bhI kahIM adhika sukhamaya hotA hai| para vaha aise vicAra ke dharAtala para nahIM AtA / nirveda kA kAraNa sammukha pAte hI vaha vairAgya kI ora AkarSita hI nahIM hotA, balki usa rUpa meM jainezvarI amita sukhadAyinI dIkSA ke liye saMsAra ke samakSa A jAtA hai, jisameM vaha jIvana letA aura chor3atA hai-jisa se sadaiva sukha kI hI utpatti hotI hai aura sAtha hI jo sukha ajara aura amara tathA akSaya evaM ananta bhI hai / tIrthaGkara kA duHkhavAda duHkha vAda tIrthakara ko dArzanika vidvAn evaM vicAraka banA detA hai / vaha viSayavAsanAoM se virakta ho prakRti ke zAnta ekAnta sthAna meM vicaraNa karatA hai / parvatamAlAoM, manorama upatyakAoM, gambhIra guphAoM kI zaraNa letA hai / ugratama sarvoccakoTi kI AtmasAdhanA meM lavalIna hotA hai, vaha vicAratA hai-'sukhada siddhi kaise mile ! saphala siddha kisa
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________________ aura jainAcArya tIrthaGkara aura usakI vizeSatAyeM / prakAra banUM ! saccA sukha saMsAra meM nahIM, duraMgI duniyAM ke jhUThe aura thothe pralobhanoM meM saccA sukha kahA~ ! vaha to AtmA kA guNa sA amUlya pratinidhi hai, jise AtmA-AtmA ke svarUpa ko pahicAna kara hI prApta kara sakatI hai / vAstavika sukha to karmoM ko parAjita karane ke bAda-honevAle sacce AtmakalyANa se milegaa|' saMsRti kI pathacchAyA ko pakar3ane kA prayAsa niSphala hai / chAyA pakar3ane se hAtha meM nahIM AtI, hatAza hI honA par3atA hai / sukha saMgraha meM nahIM, tyAga meM hai / tyAga se hI vRddhi zakya aura sambhava hai / muTThI meM saMgraha karalene para to muTThI bhara hI raha jAvegA aura use hI mukta hasta se vitaraNa kara dene para vaha kaI gunI vRddhi prApta karegA aura hama usakI rakSA kI ora se nizcita ho skeNge| saMsAra meM subhaga zarIra taka nazvara hai, nitya nahIM-anitya hai| saMsRti kI samRddhi bhI mRtyu ke samaya zaraNa nahIM detii| jIvita avasthA meM jo tana-mana-dhana sarvasva nyauchAvAra karane ke liye prastuta rahate haiM ve hI mRtyu avasthA meM zarIra ko eka kSaNa bhI par3e rahane denA ucita nahIM samajhate / saMsAra kI samRddhi aura parijana kA prema bhI sAtha nahIM jAtA / apanA dharma aura karma hI apane hAtha tathA sAtha rahatA hai / saMsAra kA jIvana to aneka chala-chidroMse bharA hai| 'TakA bina TakaTakAyate' lokokti ke rahasyavAda meM hI saMsAra ke vyavahAra kA vijJAna antarhita hai aura jo svArthasiddhi kI parAkASThA para pahu~cI huI bhAvanAyeM liye huye haiN| __duraMgI duniyAM kI do jihvAyeM haiM, do nItiyAM haiM / jaba jIvAtmA akelA hI AtA hai aura akelA hI jAtA hai to phira isa ekAkI jIvana ko sAthI banA kara sukhI hone kA asaphalatAmaya moha nitAnta nissAra hai / aura jo mumukSu ke liye to sarvathA hI avAMcchanIya hai / jaba jIvana meM samIpa hI sAthI hogA to usake liye hRdaya meM vaha moha bhI hogA, jo mohanIya* karma kA kAraNa bana kara saMsAra meM jIvAtmA ko svarUpa bhulA kara usakI unmatta kIsI avasthA kara degA aura jisase jIvAtmA hitAhita, sva-para bhedAbheda kA vijJAna nahIM samajha kara janma-jarA-maraNa Adi aneka duHkha uThAyA kregaa| ___jaba deha taka apanI nahIM to pratyakSa meM pRthak dIkhanevAle sacetana-acetana kI AzA hI kyA ! deha AtmA nahIM, AtmA deha nahIM hai / mUla kara ke bhI bhrama meM par3anA bhava ko bA~dhanA hai| jisa deha kI azucitA se sAre saMsAra ke padArtha azucitAmaya ho jAte haiM usI deha ko snAna, * jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa, vedanIya, mohanIya, Ayu, nAma, gotra aura antarAya ye ATha karma haiN| inameM mohanIya pramukha hai| isakA svabhAva surA-sundarI sA hai aura isakI sthiti sattara kor3Akor3I sAgara (anya karmoM se kaI gunI) kahI gaI hai|
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________________ 120 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pratha. jina, jainAgama vilepana Adi se zucitAmaya banAne kA moha kyoM ! use hI apanA sarvasva samajhakara sarvasva usake pIche luTA dene kI sanaka savAra kyoM ! sote ko jagAyA jA sakatA hai, para jAnabUjha kara soye huye ko jagA lenA sambhava nahIM / anajAna meM kI huI ajJAna kI bhUla sudhArI jA sakatI hai; para jAnakara karanevAle jAnakAra kI bhUla nahIM sudhara sktii| mohamayI nidrA meM saMsAra sotA hai aura karma ke cora sarvasva laTate haiM, parantu saMsAra ko isakI muddhi hI kahA~ ! aise saMkaTa ke samaya meM sadguru kAma Ate haiM / jo jIvAtmA ko jagAte haiM aura mohamayI nidrA evaM taMdrA dUra karate haiN| jaba jIvAtmA sAvadhAna hokara kucha vizeSa prayAsa Atma-rakSA ke liye karatA hai, Atmika zakti ke anveSaNa aura parIkSaNa ko prastuta hotA hai to pariNAma svarUpa karmarUpI cora, jo Akara lUTa mAra karanevAle the, nahIM A pAte / jaba jIvAtmA ko kucha sukhada saphalatA samIpa sI dikhAI detI hai to vaha jJAna ke dIpaka ko tapa ke teja se prajvalita karatA hai, aura apane ghara meM sthita karmarUpI coroM ko bhI nikAla bAhara karatA hai| phira vaha kucha nizcita aura prasanna-sA hokara vicArane lagatA hai-' loka meM merA kitanA kSudra sthAna hai ! jaba ki mujhe Atmika naisargika rUpa se lokocara sthAna para AsIna honA cAhiye / svarga Upara hai aura narka nIce ! acchA karanA puNya kA kAraNa hai aura burA karanA pApa kA / mujhe svarga aura narka, pApa aura puNya, bhalA aura burA, rAga aura dveSa kucha bhI nahIM cAhiye / mujhe cAhiye niHkAMkSita aMgamayI dhArmika kriyAyeM, mujhe cAhiye Atmika karttavya samajhane ke liye anAsakti yoga / ' saMsAra meM saba kucha mila sakanA sambhava hai / parantu yathArtha jJAna nahIM / hitakArI manohara vacana atIva durlabha haiM / dharma vaha kalpavRkSa hai jo saMsAra ko binA yAcanA kiye hI sarvasva pradAna karatA hai| dharma-tatva nitAnta sUkSma hai| usa taka pUrNa rUpa se vahI pahuMca sakatA hai jo ninti aura tatvajJAnI hai / samyagdarzana, samyag jJAna aura samyak cAritra se mokSa milane kI sambhAvanA hai| inake abhAva yA apUrNatA meM nhiiN| tIrthaGkara viveka ke prakAza meM duHkhavAdajanya gaharI anubhUti liye tIrthaGkara bananevAlA mahAn vyakti viveka ke prakAza meM vicAratA hai ' samajhadArI Ane para yauvana calA jAtA hai, jaba taka phUloM kI mAlA gUMthI jAtI hai phUla murajhA jAte haiM, jisake svAgata ke liye samArohamayI dhUmadhAma hotI hai usake Aneke pahale hI pratIkSA meM A~kheM patharA jAtI haiN| madhuRtu meM phUla ha~sate huye Ate haiM aura makaranda girA kara murajA kara rote huye jAte haiM, manuSya muTThI bA~dhe huye Ate haiM aura hAtha phailAkara cale jAte haiM, A~khoMse A~sU Ate haiM aura gAlagIle kara ke cale jAte haiM, dina aura rAta banate haiM-miTate haiM, sUrya aura candra udaya aura asta hote haiM, vaise hI puruSa, pazu aura pakSI
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________________ aura jainAcArya tIrthaGkara aura usakI vizeSatAyeM / 421 tathA svarga ke devatA evaM narka ke nArakI janma lete haiM, marate haiM aura sukha-duHkha jo bhI AtA hai sahate haiM- saMsAra kA jIvana kahane ke liye hai / isameM koI bhI sunizcita niyama nahIM hai| manuSya kA hRdaya bar3A rahasyamaya hai / svArtha aura lAbha usake liye vizeSa AkarSaNa rakhate haiM; parantu manuSya kI mati meM, mana meM, AtmA meM eka aisI zakti bhI hai jisa kI sahAyatA se, sadupayoga se manuSya mahAn vandanIya tIrthakara ho sakatA hai|' ___'maiM manuSya huuN| mana aura mativAlA huuN| merA to dharma hI vizvavandhutva aura samabhAva kI sAdhanA tathA AtmonnatikA hai / anantadarzana-jJAna-sukha aura vIrya kA svabhAva se adhikArI manuSya maiM, sUrya-candra, gRha-nakSatra sA niSpakSa, prANImAtra meM eka mUlabhUta antarAtmA kA preraka, adhama se adhama ke utthAna kA icchuka, pApa aura puNya, dharma aura adharma jaise sabhI bhedabhAvoM se vilaga, loka se aloka kI ora pragati kA abhilASI, apane sAtha saMsAra ko sukhI banAnevAle svarNopadezoM kA akSaya bhaNDAra maiM, kahA~ apanI antarAtmA ko bhUla kara bhautika bhoga-vAsanA meM pha~sa rahA hU~ ! kyA yahI sAdhanA karane ke liye maiM kAnana meM AyA hUM ! kyA aisA kara ke maiM apane sAtha saMsAra ko nahIM chala rahA hUM ! yahA~ to phUla meM zUla haiM aura milana meM viraha, janma meM mRtyu jur3I to viveka meM aviveka aura utthAna meM patana bhii| yahA~ aba aura kahA~ taka dhairya rakkhU !' 'merA jIvana bhava-siMdhu meM bhramaNa karate karate kutsita aura kalaMkita ho gayA hai / jisa chAyA-citra aura kAlpanika mahatva ke liye maiM dina-rAta daur3atA thA, Aja usIkA mujhe apane hAthoM avasAna karanA hai| kyoMki usane merI zAnti-maNi khoI, mujhe Atma-svarUpa se vismRta kiyaa| oha ! Aja maiM kucha samajha pA rahA hUM ki kahA~ aura kitane nIce huuN| yadyapi naisargika kriyAoM kA lopa hojAne se maiM hI nahIM, sArA saMsAra duHkhI horahA hai aura bhautika bhogoM ke prabhAva meM hamAre dhArmika saMskAra chUTa rahe haiN| Aja taka maiMne apanI anta. rAtmA ko AvAja nahIM sunI thI, para aba aura adhika maiM zarIra kA moha lekara nahIM marUMgA, balki dharma ke cakra kA niyAmaka tIrthaMkara banUMgA aura vItarAgatA, sarvajJatA tathA hitopadezitA pAkara rhuuNgaa|' tIrthakara ke kevalajJAna pAne ke bAda vicAra 'pahale to janma se tIna hI jJAna the| phira cAra huye aura Aja pA~ca+ yA phira vaha eka jisake sammukha atIta ke cAroM jJAnoM kA koI astitva nhiiN| kitanA gauravamaya Aja ___ + mati, zruti, avadhi, manaHparyaya aura kevalajJAna /
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________________ 422 zrImad vijaya rAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha jina, jainAgama kA divasa hai ! aisA lagatA hai jaise jIvana saphalatA kI sImA para A gayA hai| kA~ca kI rAzi meM khoyA huA cintAmaNi milA / unakI murAda pUrI huii| Aja maiM sampUrNa mahatvAkAkSAoM se pare hUM aura vAsanA ke jala se kamala ke phUla kI bhA~ti Upara uTha gayA hUM / pratIta hotA hai Aja se pahale jo kucha bhI kiyA vaha bhrama bhale na ho, para satya bhI na thA; balki andhakAra aura prakAza kA eka adbhuta sammizraNa thA / vastutaH paramanidhi to mujhe Aja milI hai| Aja mujhe apanI AtmA meM antarnihita pUrNatva evaM sarvajJatva kI upalabdhi huI hai / ' ( ' barasoM kI sAdhanA ke bAda Aja jJAna ke sindhu meM zaMkA kI taraMge nahIM uTha rahI haiN| mere mAnasane prazAnta mahAsAgara sadRza vimala prabhA prApta karalI hai / merA karmarUpI kulAla prAyaH sabhI vipAka nirmita pAtra utArane ko udyata ho rahA hai / pramukha ghAtiyA pAtroM ko to vaha utAra hI cukA, aba to kevala kahane bhara ke aghAtiyA pAtra raha gaye haiM jinakA utAranA bAMye hAtha kA khela hai, para maiM abhI taraNa hI banA hUM, tAraNa bananA zeSa hai / mujhe kevala apanA hI kalyANa nahIM karanA; balki dUsaroM kA bhI; taba hI to sAdhanA pUrNa kahI jAvegI, anyathA to svArtha-siddhi kahalAvegI / aura kucha kAla bAda maiM vaha bhI pA sakUMgA jo abhI taka pAyA nahIM aura jise pAne ke liye jIvana paryanta prayatna kiyA hai / tIrthaMGkara kA tIrthaMkaratva 1 tIrthaMkara ke tIrthaMkaratva kI pUrNatA kA prArambha pUrNa jJAnI hone ke bAda hI hotA hai tIrthaMkara ke prApta pUrNajJAna athavA kevalajJAna kI sImA akSuNNa aura akhaNDa tathA ananta hotI hai / isa jJAna ke dvArA vaha saMsAra ke sacetana aura acetana anantAnta padArthoM aura jIvoM kI anantAnta avasthAyeM eka kSaNa mAtra meM hathelI para rakhe huye AMvale kI bhAMti, hAtha kI rekhAoM kI bhAMti spaSTatayA suvizada rIti se jAna letA hai| tIrthaMkara karma - cakravartI kI bhAMti dharmacakravartI banatA hai / ' aura je kambhe sUrA te dhamme sUrA' kA pratIka hotA hai / isI avasara para tIrthaMkara prApta jJAnake lAbhake vitaraNa kA nizcaya karatA hai aura bahujanahitAya bahujanasukhAya yatratatra vihAra bhI karatA hai / puNyasthala samavasaraNa meM vaha jIvamAtra ko sukhada hita- mita- priya vacana - saMyukta svarNopadeza detA hai / dharmopadeza dene jaba vihAra ( gamana) karatA hai to dharmacakra sAtha meM rahatA hai aura devatA usake pairoM ke nIce svarNa-kamaloM kI sRSTi karate calate haiM / - tIrthaMkara anAyoM ko bhI Arya banAtA hai aura AryoM ko AtmajJAna detA hai / pUjaka se pUjya banane ke liye kahatA hai aura laukika sukha ke sthAna meM alaukika sukha ke liye preraNA
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________________ aura jainAcArya tIrthaGkara aura usakI vizetAyeM / karara karatA hai| janma aura jarA, vivAha aura maraNa, roga aura zoka, moha aura krodha, lobha aura kSobha, mAna aura mAyA jaise roga batAtA hai aura unheM dUra karane kA upAya bhI / dukhada jIvana ke bandhana se mukti kA mArga batalAtA hai aura sahI zraddhA, jJAna ke sAtha sahI dizA meM cAritrapAlana ke liye bhI samajhAtA hai / avasAnakAla meM, Ayukarma ke abhAva ke kucha kAla pUrva vaha jIvanmukta teraha guNasthAnavartI tIrthaMkara kisI puNya prAnta meM Atmika dhyAna meM magna hotA hai aura vahIM se ' a i u R ' kahe jAya utane kAla meM mokSa pAletA hai / tIrthakara jIvAtmA se antarAtmA, antarAtmA se paramAtmA tathA paramAtmA se muktAtmA banatA hai aura mukta AtmA bana kara, mukta jIvana prApta kara vaha alaukika sukha hI sukha kA anubhava karatA rahatA hai| vaha saMsAra ke cala-dvandvamaya prapaJca se sarvadA ko mukti pAletA hai / yahIM para jA kara tIrthaMkara ke tIrthakaratva kI, lakSya kI pUrNatA kI itizrI hotI hai| tIrthaGkara ke kalyANaka tIthakara jIvana meM apanA aura dUsaroM kA kalyANa karate haiM, isa meM sandeha ke liye tilatuSa mAtra bhI sthAna nhiiN| jaba sAdhana tathA sAdhya meM koI vizeSa antara hI nahIM rahatA hai, taba hI kalyANamayI bhAvanA pUrNa hotI hai / hAM, to loka ke liye maMgalamUrti sarIkhe tIrthaMkara ke jIvana kI katipaya kriyAyeM kalyANaka kaha dI jA to koI atizayokti nahIM hogii| kalyANaka kA artha haiM-kalyANa karanevAlA vyakti athavA kArya / jo apanA aura dUsaroM kA kalyANa kara sake, vaha vyakti kalyANaka hai aura vaha kArya bhI, mere lekhe, dhanya hai jo kalyANa karatA hai / kAraNa yaha hai ki saMsAra kahIM para kArya se prabhAvita hotA hai aura kahIM para vyaktigata vizeSatA se / ataeva vicAra ke bindu se kalyANaka ke kSetra meM kArya aura vyakti donoM kA hI samAveza karanA samucita aura pUrNa upayukta hogaa| tIrthakara ke jIvana ke kalyANaka kAryoM kA sthUla vargIkaraNa nimnalikhita prakAra hogAH (1) garmakalyANaka ( 2 ) janmakalyANaka ( 3) dIkSA yA tapa kalyANaka (4) jJAna yA kevalajJAna kalyANaka aura pAMcavA~ mokSakalyANaka / cUMki ina kalyANakoM kI paribhASA, samaya, jIvana kA yathAvazyaka prasaMgopAtta kAryakrama unake nAma se hI kAphI suspaSTa hai, ataeva isa viSaya meM mauna rahane se bhI viSaya kI hAni nahIM hogii| ina kalyANakoM ke Upara rUpacaMda pANDe Adi kaI eka vidvAn evaM kaviyoMne bahuta kucha likhA hai| tIrtha ke nirmAtA tIrthaGkara jina-jina jagahoM para tIrthaMkara ke caraNa par3ate haiM, jahA~-jahA~ tIrthaMkara ke kalyANaka
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________________ 424 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha jina, jainAgama hote haiM, ve sabhI sthAna kAlAntara meM pUjanIya bana jAte haiN| puruSa aura pazu tathA pakSI ko hI nahIM, apitu surAsuroM ko vahA~ kA kaNa-kaNa taka bhI zirodhArya hotA hai| jainajanoM ke suprasiddha tIrthasthAna sammedazikhara, giranAra, pAlItANA ( zatrujaya ) isa dizA meM sAkSIbhUta haiM / tIrtha ke amita amogha prabhAva ko spaSTatayA svIkAra karatA huA saMsAra kahane lagatA hai- tIrtha ke mArga kI raja ko pAkara manuSya karma-rajase rahita ho jAtA hai| tIrthoM meM bhramaNa karane se bhavameM bhramaNa nahIM hotA hai| tIrtha kI yAtrA karane ke liye aJcala lakSmI vyaya karane se acaJcala zivalakSmI milatI hai|' jagata tIrthayAtrA karatA huA mumukSu bhAva meM AtmA kA hita karane ke liye kahatA hai- tIrthayAtrA usIkI saphala hai jo AtmA ke tIrtha para pahuMcA aura AtmA ke tIrtha(pAnI)meM hI nimagna huaa| saharSa sahasra vAra saMsAra ke lekhe ve dhanya haiM tIrthanirmAtA tIthakara jo darzanavizuddhi Adi solaha kAraNa bhAvanAoM kA cintavana kara tIrthakara banate haiM aura tIrtha banAte haiN| tIrthaGkara kI dena __ jainadharma, jisakI vizvavyApakatA mahAn hai aura jisakI prAcInatA ke cihna dinapratidina milate hI jA rahe haiM tathA jo vyakti aura vizva ke upakAra kI bhAvanApradhAna hai evaM jo prAkRtika jIvanasaMgata sayuktika dharma hai, jisakI ahiMsA avarNanIya hai aura jisakA aparigraha prazaMsa. nIya hai tathA jisakA karmavAda cintanIya hai evaM jisakA anekAntavAda anukaraNIya hai, jise vizva-dharma athavA mAnava-dharma yA phira jana-jana ke mana-mana kA dharma kahA jA sakatA hai aura jo vijJAnoM kA vijJAna tathA kalAoM kI bhI kalA hai, jo AtmA ko paramAtmA banA dene kA vijJAna sikhAtA hai aura jIvAtmA ko muktAtmA banane kI kalA sikhAtA hai tathA jisameM a~dhere meM nizAnA lagAne jaisA prayAsa kahIM para bhI aNumAtra bhI dRSTigocara nahIM hotA, vaha Aja kA upalabdha jainadharma-darzanasAhitya sAkSAt sarvajJa tIrthaMkara kI hI paramparAgata dena hai| kahA jAve to jaise sRSTi (jaina mAnyatA ke anusAra) anAdi, anidhana hai, vaise hI jainadharma bhI aura usake pracAraka-prasAraka-pravartaka tIrthakara bhI haiM / tIrthaGkara kA mahattva mokSa-mArga-vihArI, zivAkAnta tIrthakara jIvana kA lakSya prApta karate haiM aura upalabdha paramAtmasvarUpa meM hI nirantara layalIna rahate haiN| karma aura kaSAyoM se pare raha kara sukha kA Wan darzanavizuddhivinayasampannatAzIlavateSvanatIcAro'bhIkSaNajJAnopayogasaMvegau zaktitastyAgatapasI sAdhusamAdhivaiyAvRtyakaraNamahadAcAryavahuzrutapravacanabhaktirAvazyakaparihANimArgaprabhAvanAvatsalatvamiti tIrthakaratvasya /
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________________ 425 aura jainAcArya tIrthaGkara aura usakI vizeSatAyeM / anubhava karate haiN| ve ajara, amara, akSaya, ananta, anupama, adbhuta, lokottara sukha kA anubhava karate haiM / duHkha ke abhAva meM jaise sukha milatA aura rAtri ke bItane para jaise divasa AtA, vaise hI ve AThoM karmoM ke abhAva meM ATha sadguNa prApta kara lete haiM / *tIrthakara jIvana-kAla meM jaba vizvavandha aura jIvanamukta hotA hai tathA Adarza aura yathArtha liye rahatA hai, taba vaha pratyeka mumukSu ko upAdeya aura darzanIya hotA hai; kyoM ki tIrthaMkara ke darzana use Atma-tIrtha ke darzana karAne meM sahAyaka hote haiM aura usako bhI tIrthakara hone ke liye uttejita karate haiN| kintu vartamAna kAla meM unake pratyakSa darzana sulabha nahIM, videha kSetra meM bhale hI bIsa tIrthakaroM ke vidyamAna rahane kA ullekha ho, parantu jaba hama vahA~ jA hI nahIM sakate to unase hamArA mUlabhUta prayojana bhI siddha nahIM hotA / ataeva unakI tadAkAra mUrtiyoM ko mandiroM meM sthApita kara unake darzana kiye jAte haiN| tIrthaMkara kI dhyAna-magna saumyamUrti ke darzana se vaha suzAnti upalabdha hotI hai jo Aja ke aNubama, udjana bama ke yuga meM manuSya ke liye atIva Avazyaka hai / darzana karake darzaka alabhya AtmatuSTi pA jAtA hai aura bhaktimaya guNAnuvAda kA gAyaka bana jAtA hai / tIrthaMkara kI pratimA ke darzana kara vaha apane Apa ko dhanya mAnatA hai aura mAnavIya jIvana ko saphala tathA sArthaka huA samajhane lagatA hai| ____ Aja lagabhaga DhAI hajAra barasa bItane ko haiM, taba se isa pRthvI para koI tIrthaGkara nahIM huA aura na jainajanoM ke mata se isa se bhI kaI gune kAla meM hone kI sambhAvanA hI hai| yaha jAnate huye bhI agaNita mandiroM meM athavA dharma-sthAnoM meM jo agaNita dhArmika kriyAyeM tIrthaMkara ko lakSya kara, Atmika uddhAra kI bhAvanA lekara kI jA rahI haiM, unake mUlabhUta AdhAra meM hI tIrthakara kA mahatva, jo avarNanIya hai, antarhita hai| tIrthaGkara cauvIsa ___ jainazAstroM meM caubIsa tIrthakara mAne jAte haiN| tIrthaMkara kaho yA zreSTha mahApuruSa bhI bAta eka hI hai / cauvIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI bhA~ti hinduoM meM cauvIsa avatAra, bauddhoM meM cauvIsa buddha aura joresTrIyanoM [ Zorastrians ] meM cauvIsa ahUra [ Ahuras ] mAne gaye haiM / yahUdI dharma meM bhI AlaMkArika bhASA meM cauvIsa mahApuruSa mAne gaye haiN| jainetara srotoM dvArA jainadharma ke cauvIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI mAnyatA kA samarthana yaha sUcita karatA hai ki jaina mAnyatA satya para * aTThaviyakammaviyalAsIdIbhUdANirajaNA nniccaa| aTTaguNA kida kiccA loyaggAvAsiNo siddhaa|| prAkRta ke sivAya hindI bhASA meM yahI ATha guNa isa prakAra haiM:-samakita darzana jJAna, agurulaghU avagAhanA / sUkSma bIrajavAna nirAbAdha guNa siddha ke| 54
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________________ 426 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pratha jina, jainAgama AdhArita hai| jaina granthoM meM vartamAna cauvIsI ke sivAya bhUta aura bhaviSyata kAla kI cauvIsI ke bhI nAma milate haiN| tIrthakara kA sthAna tIrthakara, ahaMta aura jinendra bhI haiN| cUMki vaha bhavya jIvoM ke uddhAra ke liye upadeza detA hai, ataeva jainajanoMne ' NamokAra mantra ' meM sarvaprathama usako hI ' Namo marahantANam' kaha kara namaskAra kiyA hai / siddha bhaviSya kA bRhat aura sAdhu, upAdhyAya, AcArya tIrthaMkara ke bhUta ke saMkSipta saMskaraNa haiM / jo sthAna hinduoM meM avatAra kA, bauddhoM meM buddha kA, IsAiyoM meM IsAmasIha kA, musalamAnoM meM paigambara kA, joresTrIyanoM meM ahUra kA hai, vahI sthAna jainajanoM meM tIrthaMkara kA hai| cUMki tIrthakara AtmA kI upalabdhi kara lete haiM, ataeva unheM koTizaH praNAma hai / itanA hI mujhe ' tIrthaMkara aura usakI vizeSatAyeM ' nibandha meM kahanA hai /
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________________ zrI bhadrabAhu zrutakevalI paM. zrIkailAzacandra zAstrI akhaNDa jaina paramparA ke antima zrutadhara zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu hI eka aise mahApuruSa haiM jinheM digambara aura zvetAmbara apanI pUrNa zraddhA aura bhakti ke sAtha mAnate haiN| yo to antima kevalI jambUsvAmI ke pazcAt se hI donoM sampradAyoM kI gurvAvaliyAM bhinna-bhinna hojAtI haiM, kintu zrutakevalI bhadrabAhurUpI saMgama para Akara gaMgA jamunA kI taraha ve punaH mila jAtI haiN| gaMgA jamunA to prayAga meM milakara phira kabhI judI nahIM ho sakI, kintu zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke avasAna ke sAtha hI akhaNDa jaina paramparA kA to sadA ke liye avasAna hojAtA hai aura unake pazcAt jaina paramparA sthAyIrUpa se do srotoM meM pravAhita hone lagatI hai / aura phira unake jIvana meM zrutakevalI bhadravAhu jaisA koI saMgamasthala zrutadhara avatarita nahIM huaa| ___ataH zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu donoM sampradAyoM ke antima saMgamarUpa pavitra tIrthabhUmi haiN| isa lekha ke dvArA hama donoM sampradAyoM ke sAhitya ke AdhAra para usI tIrthami kA kizcit darzana karAnA cAhate haiN| zvetAmbara paramparA meM kalpasUtra, Avazyaka sUtra aura nandisUtra kI sthavirAvaliyoM meM zrI dharmaghoSasUri ke RSimaNDalasUtra tathA inakI arvAcIna TIkAoM se aura zrI hemacandrasUrijI ke pariziSTa parva se bhadrabAhusvAmI ke sambandha meM kucha jAnakArI prApta ho sakatI hai / sthavirAvaliyoM ke anusAra zrI bhadrabAhu zrI yazobhadrasUrijI ke ziSya the / tathA kalpa. sUtra kI vistRta sthavirAvalI ke anusAra bhadrabAhu ke cAra ziSya the, kintu bhadrabAhu kI ziSya-paramparA unase Age nahIM cala sakI, ve cAroM hI svargavAsI hogaye / ataH zvetAmbaroM meM 1. sthavirAvalI meM jaba bhadrabAhu ke cAra ziSyoM se cAra zAkhAe~ nikalIM aura unake nAma milate hai to ziSyaparamparA Age nahIM cala sakI, yaha likhanA ThIka nahIM jJAtA hotaa| zAkhA nikalane kA matalaba hI yaha hai ki unakI paramparA Age clii| hAM, kaba taka calI, yaha nahIM kahA jA sktaa| sthavirAvalI kA uddezya gaNa, kula, zAkhA kA nirdeza kara denA hI hai / anta taka kI samasta prmpr| batalAne kA nahIM, na yaha sambhava hI thaa| kyoMki bhagavAna mahAvIra ke 1 hajAra varSoM meM to hajAroM kI saMkhyA meM jaina muni hue aura aneka gaNa Adi nikale, unameM bahuta se dIrghakAla taka bhI cale hoNge| una saba kI dIrgha paramparA kI muniyoM kI nAmAvalI denA to bahuta bar3e grantha kA kAma hai| bhadrabAha ke Age sthUlabhadra kI paramparA calane se matalaba yahI hai ki yugapradhAna paTTaparamparA meM ve hI aaye| saMpA. zrI nAhaTAjI.
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________________ 428 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha jina, jainAgama bhadrabAhu kI ziSya-paramparA kA abhAva hai| ukta sthavirAvaliyAM bhadrabAhu ke gurubhAI saMbhUtivijaya ke ziSya sthUlabhadra se Age calatI haiN| RSimaNDalasUtra meM bhadrabAhu kI stuti eka gAthA ke dvArA kI gaI hai, kintu unake uttarAdhikArI sthUlabhadra kI stuti vIsa gAthAoM meM kI hai| bhadrabAhu kI stuti para gAthA isa prakAra hai 'dasakappabahAza nijjUDhA jeNa nnvmpuvaao| vaMdAmi bhaddavAhuM tamapacchima sayala suyanANi / / arthAt jisane navama pUrva se dazakalpa aura vyavahArasUtra kA uddhAra kiyA una antima zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ko maiM namaskAra karatA hUM / _ 'apazcima' zabda kA artha antima hotA hai, kintu 'pazcima nahIM ' aisA bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai| digambara paramparA ke anusAra bhI bhadrabAhu antima zrutakevalI the, kintu zvetAbara paramparA meM sthUlabhadra ko bhI chaTThA zrutakevalI mAnA hai| isa liye apazcima kA artha 'pazcima nahIM ' liyA jAtA hai| sthUlabhadra kisa prakAra se zrutakevalI bane, yaha Age jJAta hogaa| " sthavirAvaliyoM aura RSimaNDalasUtra se to bhadrabAhu ke viSaya meM itanI hI jAnakArI prApta hotI hai / zrI hemacandrasUri ke pariziSTa parva se bhI unake antima jIvana. kI hI jAnakArI hotI hai| unake janmasthAna vigairaha ke viSaya meM kucha bhI jJAta nahIM hotaa| ____ arvAcIna TIkAkAroMne pratiSThAnapuravAsI prasiddha jyotiSI varAhamihira aura bhadrabAhu ko sahodara bhrAtA batalAyA hai| kintu varAhamihira kA samaya vikrama kI chaThI zatAbdI sunizcita hai / unhoMne apanI paJcasiddhAntikA meM usakA racanAkAla zaka saM. 427 diyA hai, ataH vikrama se 300 varSa pUrva honevAle zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu varAhamihira ke bhAI nahIM ho sakate, yaha nizcita hai / ukta granthoM se moTe taura se bhadrabAhu ke sambandha meM itanI hI jAnakArI ho pAtI hai, digambara paramparA meM zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke janmAdi kA paricaya hariSeNa ke kathAkoza se milatA hai / likhA hai pauNDravardhana deza meM devakoTTa nAmaka nagara hai, usa nagara kA purAnA nAma koTImata thA / usameM somazarmA nAmaka brAhmaNa rahatA thaa| usakI patnI kA nAma somazrI thaa| unake bhadrabAhu nAmaka putra thA / eka dina bhadrabAhu apane sAthI bAlakoM ke sAtha khelatA thA / khela meM usane eka ke Upara eka-eka karake caudaha gaMTU ( kakkara ) car3hA diye / caturtha zrutakevalI govardhanAcArya udhara se jAte the| unhoMne bhadrabAhu ke isa hasta
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________________ aura jainAcArya zrI bhadrabAhu zrutakevalI / 429, kauzala ko dekhaa| unheM lagA ki vaha bAlaka caturdazapUrvadhara bnegaa| unhoMne use usake pitA se mAMga liyA aura par3hA likhAkara suzikSita kiyaa| zikSita hone ke pazcAt bhadrabAhu apane pitA ke pAsa calA gayA aura unakI AjJA lekara punaH guru ke pAsa lauTa AyA aura munidIkSA lekara sAdhu hogyaa| govardhanAcAryane unheM caturdazapUrva kA pAThI banAkara samAdhi lelii| ukta kathAkoza kA racanAkAla zaka saMvat 813 hai| vikrama kI 16-17 vIM zatAbdI ke racita bhadrabAhucarita meM bhI ukta AkhyAna isI rUpa meM pAyA jAtA hai| saMbhava hai usakI racanA kathAkoza meM pradatta bhadrabAhu kathA ke AdhAra se hI kI gaI ho / sAdhujIvana__zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke sAdhujIvana ke viSaya meM ukta kathAkoza meM likhA hai eka vAra zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu apane vizAla saMgha ke sAtha bhramaNa karate hue ujjainI nagarI meM Aye / usa samaya usa nagarI kA rAjA candragupta thA / vaha eka samyagdRSTi zrAvaka thA / eka dina bhadrabAhu AhAra ke liye nikale / eka ghara meM eka zizu pAlane meM liTA thaa| usa zizune bhadrabAhu se zIghra cale jAne ke liye khaa| usake vacanoM ko sunakara divya jJAnI bhadrabAhu vicAra karane lge| unheM pratIta huA ki isa deza meM bAraha varSa kA bhayaMkara durbhikSa pdd'egaa| usa dina unhoMne AhAra nahIM liyA aura binA bhojana liye lauTa aaye| lauTa kara unhoMne saMgha se kahA ki isa deza meM bAraha varSa kA bhayaMkara durbhikSa pdd'egaa| maiM alpAyu hUM, isa liye yahIM rahUMgA / Apa loga yahAM se samudra ke taTa kI ora cale jAveM / isa bAta ko sunakara rAjA candraguptane bhadrabAhu se jinadIkSA le lii| ve dazapUrvI hue aura vizAkhAcArya nAma se samasta saMgha ke svAmI bane / tatpazcAt bhadrabAhu kI AjJAnusAra samasta saMgha vizAkhAcArya ke sAtha dakSiNa deza ko calA gayA / aura bhadrabAhusvAmIne ujjainI ke bhAdrapada deza meM anazanapUrvaka zarIra tyAga diyaa| . isake pazcAt kathAmeM dakSiNa gaye saMgha kA pratyAvartana, uttara bhAratameM raha gaye saMghameM durbhikSake kAraNa zithilAcAritA kA praveza, arghasphAlaka sampradAyakI utpatti Adi kA varNana hai / 1. zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke sAtha samrATa candragupta ke dIkSA lene Adi ke sambandha meM muni kalyANavijayajIne vIra nirvANa samvata aura jaina kAla-gaNanA ke pRSTha 73 meM vicAra karate hue likhA hai ki yadi bhadrabAhune dakSiNa kI yAtrA kI ho to ve dvitIya bhadrabAhu hI ho sakate haiN| sarasvatI gaccha kI nandI AmnAya kI paTTAvalI ke anusAra naimittika dvitIya bhadrabAhu IsvIsana se 53 varSa aura zaka samvat se 31 varSa pUrva hue| ve hI dakSiNa meM gaye hoNge| candragupta ko ziSya batAyA hai| 2. bhadrabAhu kA svargavAsa muni kalyAgavijayajI ka ukta granthAnusAra pUrva deza-baMgAla meM hI huA thaa| saMpA0 zrI nAhaTAjI.
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________________ 430 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha jina, jainAgama 16-17 vIM zatI ke ratnanandi bhadravAhucarita meM bhI ukta kathA ke anusAra hI bhadrabAhu kA jIvanacarita diyA hai| kathA se usameM itanI vizeSatA hai ki candragupta mahArAja 16 svapna dekhate haiM aura bhadrabAhu se unakA phala pUcha kara jinadIkSA le lete haiM tathA bhadrabAhu saMgha ke sAtha dakSiNa kI ora vihAra karate haiM / candragupta bhI unake sAtha jAte haiN| mArga meM eka giriguhA meM bhadrabAhu samAdhipUrvaka prANa tyAga karate haiM / candragupta unake caraNAravindoM kI pUjA karate hue vahIM rahate haiM aura jaba vizAkhAcArya dakSiNa se lauTate haiM to candragupta unase milate haiM / isa carita meM rAjA kA candragupti nAma diyA hai / kannar3a bhASA ke cidAnanda kavikRta munivaMzAbhyudaya meM tathA devacandrakRta rAjAvali kathA meM bhI bhadrabAhu kA carita varNita hai / munivaMzAbhyudaya meM likhA hai ki zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu belagolA Aye aura cikaveTTa (candragiri ) para tthhre| eka vyAghrane una para dhAvA kiyA aura unakA zarIra vidIrNa kara DAlA / unake caraNacihna avataka giri kI eka guphA meM pUje jAte haiN| isa prakAra hariSeNa kathAkoza ke sivAya anya granthoM meM bhadrabAhu kI dakSiNa yAtrA tathA dakSiNa meM hI unakA svargavAsa batalAyA hai| zravaNabelagolA meM sthita candragiri para pArzvanAtha vasti ke pAsa eka zilAlekha hai jo vahAM ke samasta zilAlekhoM meM prAcIna mAnA jAtA hai| usameM likhA hai-' mahAvIrasvAmI ke pazcAt paramarSi gautama, lohArya, jambU, viSNudeva, aparAjita, govarddhana, bhadrabAhu, vizAkha, proNDila, kRttikArya, jaya, siddhArtha, ghRtiSaNa buddhila Adi guru-paramparA meM honevAle bhadrabAhusvAmI ke traikAlyadarzI nimittajJAna dvArA ujjayinI meM yaha kahe jAne para ki vahAM bAraha varSa kA durbhikSa par3anevAlA hai, sAre saMgha ne uttarApatha se dakSiNApatha ko prasthAna kiyA aura vaha eka samRddha janapada meM ThaharA / bhadrabAhu. svAmI saMgha ko Age bar3hane kI AjJA dekara Apa prabhAcandra nAmaka eka ziSya ke sAtha kaTavA para Thahara gaye aura unhoMne vahAM samAdhimaraNa kiyA / digambara paTTAvaliyoM ke anusAra zrutakevali bhadrabAhu ke sivAya eka bhadrabAhu aura hue haiM, jinase sarasvatI gaccha kI nandi saMgha paTTAvalI prArambha hotI hai| ukta zilAlekha se bhI yahI vyakta hotA hai ki dUsare bhadrabAhu dakSiNa gaye the| kintu vahIM ke zilAlekha naM. 40, 54 aura 108, zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu aura candragupta ko guruziSya batalAte haiN| eka samaya bhadrabAhu aura candragupta ko lekara pAzcAtya vidvAnoM meM khUba UhApoha calA thaa| DA. plITa kA 1. candragupta ke 16 svapna dekhane aura bhadrabAhu kA inake phala ke pratipAdana karane kI kathA jyAdA prAcIna nahIM hai| isake sambandhameM muni kalyANavijayajIne ukta granthameM vicAra kiyA hai| saMpA. zrI nAhaTAjI. 2. dekho, jaina zilAlekhasaMgraha; mA. graM. mA. bambaI /
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________________ aura jainAcArya zrI bhadrabAhu shrutkevlii| mata thA ki dakSiNa kI yAtrA karanevAle dvitIya bhadrabAhu the| digambara paTTAvalI meM unake ziSya kA nAma guptigupta likhA hai / DA. plITa kA kahanA thA ki guptigupta kA hI nAmAntara candragupta hai| kintu DA. lyumaina, DA. hAnale, zrI. TaoNmasa, DA. smitha, mi. rAIse aura zrI jAyasvAla zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke hI pakSa meM the / aura maurya samrATa candragupta ko hI unake sAtha jAnevAlA mAnate the| astu / zvetAmvara paramparA meM hemacandrAcAryane apane pariziSTa parva (sarga 9) meM bhadrabAhu ke yugapradhAna kAla meM magadha meM bAraha varSa ke bhayaMkara durmikSa par3ane kA kathana kiyA hai tathA maurya samrAT candragupta ko unakA samakAlIna batalAyA hai| usameM likhA hai ki usa bhayaMkara duSkAla meM jaba sAdhuoM ko bhikSA milanA kaThina ho gayA taba sAdhu loga nirvAha ke liye samudra ke taTa kI ora cale gye| bhadrabAhusvAmI nepAla kI ora gaye the aura vahAM unhoMne bAraha varSa ke mahAprANa nAmaka dhyAna kI ArAdhanA kI thii| subhikSa hone para jaba sAdhusaMgha magadha meM lauTa kara AyA to jisako jo yAda thA usako lekara gyAraha aMgoM kI saMkalanA kI gii| parantu dRSTivAda nAmaka bArahaveM aMga kA jJAtA vahAM koI nahIM thaa| taba saMghane do muniyoM ko bhadrabAhusvAmI ko bulAne ke liye bhejA / muniyoMne jAkara nivedana kiyA ki saMgha kA Adeza hai ki Apa magadha meM padhAreM / bhadrabAhune kahA-"maiMne mahAprANa nAmaka dhyAna Arambha kiyA hai jo bAraha varSoM meM samApta hogA, ataH maiM nahIM jA sktaa|" muniyoM ne lauTa kara saMgha se ukta bAta nivedana kara dii| taba saMghane punaH do muniyoM ko bhadrabAhu ke pAsa bhejA aura unase kahA ki tuma jA kara unase pUchanA ki jo zrI saMgha kA zAsana nahIM mAne use kyA daNDa denA cAhiye ! jaba ve kaheM ki use saMgha se bahiSkRta kara denA cAhiye to tuma unase jorapUrvaka kahanA ki Apa isI daNDa ke yogya haiN| donoM muniyone jAkara bhadrabAhu se ukta prazna kiyA aura unhoMne bhI ukta uttara diyaa| taba 1. viyanA oriyanTala jarnala, ji. 7, pR. 382 / 2. inDiyana ainTikverI, ji. 21, pR. 59-60 / 3. alI phetha oNpha azoka, pR. 23 / 4. AksaphorDa hisTrI oNpha iNDiyA pR. 75-76 / 5. insakripazansa oNpha zravaNavelagola kI bhUmikA / 6. jarnala oNpha vihAra uDIsA risarca sosAyaTI ji. 3 / 7. zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke nepAla meM honekA ullekha AvazyakacUrNi jaise prAcIna granthoM meM milane se adhika vizvasanIya pratIta hotA hai- saMpA. zrI nAhaTAjI
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________________ 432 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha jina, jainAgama muniyoM kI prArthanA para bhadrabAhune kahA ki saMgha mere pAsa kucha sAdhuoM ko bheja deM to maiM unheM pUrvI kI vAcanA de duuNgaa| titthogAlIpainnaya meM likhA hai-" zramaNa saMghane apane do pratinidhi bhadrabAhu ke pAsa bheja kara kahalAyA ki ' he pUjya kSamAzramaNa ! Apa vartamAna meM jina tulya haiM, isa liye pATaliputra meM ekatra huA ' mahAvIra kA saMgha ' prArthanA karatA hai ki Apa vartamAna zramaNa gaNa ko zruta kI vAcanA deN|" - uttara meM bhadrabAhune kahA-" zramaNo ! maiM isa samaya tuma ko vAcanA dene meM asamartha hUM aura Atmika kArya meM lage hue mujhe vAcanA kA prayojana bhI kyA hai ! " bhadrabAhu ke uttara se nArAja hokara sthaviroM ne kahA-" kSamAzramaNa ! niSprayojana saMgha kI prArthanA kA anAdara karane se tumheM kyA daMDa milegA ! isakA vicAra kro|' bhadrabAhune kahA-" maiM jAnatA hUM, saMgha isa prakAra vacana bolanevAle kA bahiSkAra kara sakatA hai|" sthavira bole- "tuma yaha jAnate hue bhI saMgha kI prArthanA kA anAdara karate ho| aba hama tuma ko saMgha meM zAmila kaise rakha sakate haiM ? zramaNa saMgha Aja se tumhAre sAtha bArahoM prakAra kA vyavahAra banda karatA hai / " bhadrabAhu apayaza se Darate the| isase jaldI saMbhala kara bole-" maiM eka zarta para vAcanA de sakatA huuN|" - isake pazcAt unake pAsa 500 sAdhu bheje gaye aura vahAM ve dRSTivAda aMga kA adhyayana karane lge| kintu eka-eka karake sabhI sAdhu vahAM se cale Aye, kevala sthUlabhadra hI raha gye| aura unhoMne dasa pUrvo kA adhyayana kiyA / itane samaya meM bhadrabAhu kA dhyAna pUrA huA aura ve magadha meM lauTa Aye aura vahIM unakA svargavAsa huA / _Upara ke vivaraNa se prakaTa hotA hai ki durbhikSa ke pazcAt pATalIputra meM jo prathama bAcanA huI, tatkAlIna yugapradhAna bhadrabAhu ke abhAva meM huI tathA usake pazcAt saMgha kA unake sAtha acchA khAsA vivAda bhI ho gayA aura saMghane unheM bahiSkRta bhI kara diyaa| kintu apayaza ke bhaya se bhadrabAhu DhIle par3a gaye aura unheM saMgha kI bAta mAnanI pdd'ii| isa taraha kI ghaTanA apane samaya ke anya kisI yugapradhAna mahApuruSa ke sAtha ghaTI ho, aisA mere dekhane meM nahIM aayaa| pariziSTa parva ke anusAra svargavAsa se pUrva bhadrabAhu apanA yugapradhAna pada sthUlabhadra ko de gaye the| ataH bhadrabAhu ke pazcAt sthUlabhadra hI yugapradhAna hue| kintu paTTAvaliyoM meM
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________________ aura jainAcArya zrI bhadrabAhu shrutkevlii| sthUlabhadra ko saMmRtivijaya kA ziSya batalAyA hai| kyoM ki unhoMne unase hI dIkSA lI thii| bhadrabAhu kA koI ziSya nahIM thA / ataH unakI paTTAvalI zvetAmbara paramparA meM unake sAtha hI samApta ho jAtI hai' aura chaThe zrutakevalI sthUlabhadra kI paramparA hI Age calatI hai| udhara digambara sampradAya ke pramukha AcArya kundakundane apane bodhapAhur3e ke anta meM apane ko bhadrabAhu kA ziSya batalAte hue zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ko apanA gamaka guru kahA hai aura unakA jayakAra kiyA hai| tadanusAra zravaNabelagolA ke zilAlekhoM meM kundakunda ko zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke anvaya meM huA batalAyA hai| pATalIputrIya vAcanA meM bhadrabAhu kI anupasthiti, zrIsaMgha kA unase vivAda aura saMgha dvArA unheM bahiSkRta kiyA jAne kA ullekha, tathA zvetAmbara paramparA meM bhadrabAhu kI ziSya paramparA meM unakI mAnyatA Adi bAtoM se yaha prakaTa hotA hai ki unake jIvanakAla meM koI bAta aisI avazya huI, jisake kAraNa saMghameda huaa| niyuktikartA bhadrabAhu zvetAmbara paramparA meM zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu niyuktikAra ke rUpa meM khyAta haiN| Avazyakaniyukti meM usake racayitAne apanI racI huI niyuktiyoM kI nAmAvalI isa prakAra dI haiAvazyakaniyukti, dazavakAlikani0, uttarAdhyayanani0, AcArAgani0, sUtrakRtAGgani0, sUrya. prajJaptini0, RSibhASitani0, piNDani0, opani0 / ina niyuktiyoM ke sivAya kucha mUla grantha bhI unake dvArA racita mAne jAte haiM / yathA-bRhatkalpa, vyavahAra, dazAzrutaskandha, bhadravAhusaMhitA, uvasaggaharastotra Adi / zrIAtmAnanda janma zatAbdI smAraka grantha meM munizrI caturavijayajI kA eka lekha bhadrabAhusvAmI para prakAzita huA thaa| usameM unhoMne aneka Antarika pramANoM ke AdhAra para niyuktiyoM ke zrutakevalI bhadrabAhukartRka hone meM Apatti kI thI aura unheM dvitIya bhadrabAhu. kRta batalAyA thaa| kintu zvetAmbara jaina vAGmaya meM do bhadrabAhuoM kA koI nirdeza nahIM 1. bhadrabAhu ke cAra ziSya aura unase nikale hue cAra gaNoM kA ullekha sthavirAvalI meM hai, ataH bhadrabAhu kA koI ziSya nahIM thA aura unakI paTTAvalI unake sAtha hI samApta hotI hai, yaha likhanA ThIka nahIM hai| -saMpA. zrI nAhaTAjI. 2 saddaviyAro huo bhAsAsutesu jaM jiNe kahiyaM / so taha kahiyaM NAyaM sIseNa ya bhaddabAhussa // 61 // bArasaaMgaviyANaM caudasapuvvaMga viulavittharaNaM / suyaNANi bhahabAhu gamayagurU bhAyavao jayao // 12 // -bodhapAhuDa
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________________ bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-praya jina, jainAgama milatA / ataH pUrvakAlIna pranthakAroM aura TIkAkAroMne bhadrabAhu ke nAma se abhihita pratyeka vastu ko zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke sAtha sambaddha kara diyA hai| kintu vizleSaNa karane se Adhunika vidvAnoM ko bhadrabAhu nAma ke do vyakti hone kI saMbhAvanA huI aura dUsare ve bhadrabAhu jinheM varAhamihira kA bhAI batalAyA gayA hai| kintu unake bhI janma, guru, anta, ziSyaparamparA Adi kA koI ullekha nahIM miltaa| aura mile bhI to kaise, jaba prAcIna kAla se hI yaha bhUla calI AtI hai| dvitIya bhadrabAhu kintu digambara paTTAvaliyoM meM zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke sivAya eka dUsare bhadrabAhu kA bhI nAma AtA hai / bhadrabAhu ke pazcAt honevAle aMgajJAniyoM kI paramparA meM unakA nambara unnIsavAM hai| unake ziSya lohArya ke pazcAt digambara paramparA meM aMgajJAna lupta ho gayA / kintu sabhI jagaha bhadrabAhu nAma nahIM milatA / bhadrabAhu ke sthAna meM dhavalA TIkA meM jasabAhu, jayadhavalA meM jahabAhu aura zrutAvatAra meM jayabAhu nAma AtA hai / kevala AdipurANa aura nandisaMgha kI prAkRta paTTAvalI meM bhadrabAhu nAma AtA hai / sarasvatI gaccha kI paTTAvalI inhIM bhadrabAhu se prArambha hotI hai, kintu usameM bhadrabAhu ke ziSya kA nAma guptigupta AtA hai, jaba ki aMgajJAniyoM kI paramparA meM bhadrabAhu dvitIya ke ziSya kA nAma lohArya AyA hai| lohArya aura guptigupta ke eka hI vyakti hone kA koI pramANa hamAre dekhane meM nahIM AyA / ukta paTTAvalI meM ina dvitIya bhadrabAhu ko brAhmaNa likhA hai| usake anusAra vikrama samvat 4 tadanusAra IsvI pUrva 53 meM ve AcAryapada para AsIna hue the / ataH unakA samaya IsvI prathama zatAbdI hotA hai / isa taraha digambara paramparA ke ina dvitIya bhadrabAhu aura zvetAmbara paramparA ke varAhamihira ke bhAI dvitIya bhadrabAhu ke bIca meM cArasau varSoM se bhI adhika chedasUtrakAra va niyuktikAra bhadrabAhu bhinna 2 hone cAhie: 1. niyuktikAra bhadrabAhu ke samaya ke sambandha meM muni puNyavijayajIne sabase acchA prakAza DAlA hai / unhoMne pa ra bhadrabAhu ko 6ThI zatAbdI kA mAnA thaa| para usake bAda jaisalamera-bhanDAra se dazavakAlika kI prAcIna cUrNi ke milane se unhoMne niryakti kAra bhadrabAha ko vikramIya dvitIya zatAbdI se pahale kA mAna liyA hai, ataH ve bhadrabAha digambara paramparA ke dvitIya bhadrabAha jina kA samaya sarasvatI gaccha kI paTTAvalI ke anusAra prathama zatAbdI IsvI hai, ho sakate haiM / barAhamihara ke bhrAtA bhadrabAhu 6 ThI zatAbdI ke hI sambhava haiM, isalie aba nae anusaMdhAna ke anusAra bhadrabAhu do ke sthAna para tIna hue mAne jAnA cAhie, aura tabhI sArI samasyAoM kA hala ThIka se ho sakatA hai| bhadrabAhu saMhitA va uvasaggaharaM stotra tRtIya bhadrabAha ke haiM isa sambandha meM muni puNyavijayajI ke saMpAdita bRhatkalpa sUtra ke chaThe bhAga ke Amukha va granthakAra paricayAdi dRSTavya haiM / zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu kA janma pauNDravarddhana baMgAla kA hI ThIka lagatA hai / --saMpA. zrI nAiMTAjI.
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________________ aura jainAcArya zrI bhadrabAhu zrutakevalI / antarakAla pAyA jAtA hai / ataH donoM kA aikya taba taka sambhava nahIM ho sakatA jaba taka isa sudIrgha antarakAla ko dUra na kiyA jAve / eka bAta aura bhI ullekhanIya hai / digambara paramparA ke ina dvitIya bhadrabAhu ke guru kA nAma yazobhadra thA aura zvetAmbara paramparA meM zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu ke guru kA nAma yazobhadrasUri thaa| zvetAmbara paramparA meM jambUsvAmi ke pazcAt prabhavasvAmi, zayyaMbhavasUri, yazobhadrasUri, saMmRtivijayajI aura bhadrabAhusvAmi ye pAMca zrutakevalI hue| zrI yazobhadrasUri ke do ziSya the, saMbhUtivijaya aura bhadrabAhu / yadyapi paTTAvaliyoM meM saMbhUtivijaya jI ke pazcAt bhadrabAhu ko yugapradhAna pada diyA gayA hai, kintu zrI hemacandrasUrine pariziSTa parva meM likhA hai ki zrI yazobhadrasUri apanA AcArya pada donoM ko hI pradAna kara gaye the| hama Upara likha Aye haiM ki zvetAmbara paramparA meM zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu kI ziSyaparamparA kA abhAva hai| pariziSTa parva meM likhA hai ki unake cAra ziSya the, kintu kaThora zIta se una cAroM kI mRtyu ho gii| kalpasUtra kI sthavirAvalI kI vistRta vAcanA meM bhadrabAhu ke cAra ziSyoM ke nAma isa prakAra batalAye haiM godAsa, agnidatta, yajJadatta, aura somadatta / godAsa se godAsagaNa niklaa| usa gaNa kI cAra zAkhAeM thIM-tAmAlitiyA, koDIvarisiyA pauDavaddhaNiyA, dAsI khvddiyaa| godAsagaNa se ina cAra zAkhAoM kA udgama kaise aura inakI Age kyA dazA huI ! yaha hama nahIM jAna ske| kintu digambara paramparA meM bhadrabAhu zrutakavalI kA janma pauNDUvardhana deza ke koTIpura nagara meM huA batalAyA hai / ukta cAra zAkhAoM meM se do zAkhAeM pauMDUbaddhaNiyA aura koDI varisiyA bhadrabAhu ke janmasthAna kA hI smaraNa karAtI haiN| DA0 bhaNDArakarane likhA thA-puNDa dakSiNIkavIle the jo uttarI baMgAla meM Akara base the aura unhoMne apanI rAjadhAnI kA nAma puNDvardhana rakhA thaa| tathA baMgAla ke dinAjapura jille meM sthita bAMgar3ha ko unhoMne koTi varSa batalAyA thaa| inhIM se kalpasUtra meM nirdiSTa godAsa gaNa kI zAkhAyeM nikalI thiiN| aisA bhI unhoMne likhA thaa| DA. bhaNDAkara 1. sUriH zrImAna yazobhadraH zrutanidhyostayordvayoH / svamAcAryatvamAropya paralokamasAdhayat // 4 // sarga 6 / 2. annatsa oNpha bhaNDArakara risarca insTITyUTa, ji. 12, bhA. 2, pR. 1.6 /
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________________ 436 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha jima, jainAgama samaya jaina dharma dharma ke prabhAva meM nirmanthoM ko isa 1 ke kathAnusAra puNDra aura sumha arthAt uttara aura pazcimI baMgAla eka ke kendra the / bhagavAn mahAvIra ke samaya se puNDrA aura sumha jaina Agaye the / divyAvadAna meM likhA hai ki azokane puNDravardhana meM bahuta se liye maravA diyA thA ki unhoMne buddha kI mUrti ke prati bhakti pradarzita nahIM kI thI / sAtavIM zatAbdI ke cInI yAtrI huyanetasAMgane puNDravardhana meM bahuta se nirmanthoM ko dekhA thA / ataH puNDravardhana zatAbdiyoM taka jainoM kA kendra rahA hai / ataH vahI zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu kA janma - pradeza ho sakatA hai / saMkSepa meM jaina granthoM se bhadrabAhu ke sambandha meM itanI hI jAnakArI hameM prApta ho sakI hai / khoja karane se aura bhI bAteM jJAta ho sakatI haiN| bhadrabAhu ke jIvana aura kAla kA anveSaNa jaina dharma ke itihAsa ke liye atyupayogI pramANita hogA / isa meM sandeha nahIM hai / 1
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________________ vimalArya aura unakA paumacariyaM jyotiprasAda jaina, ema. e. elaela bI. pI eca. DI. lakhanaU rAmakathA prAcIna anuzruti kI eka sarva prasiddha evaM lokapriya kathA hai| bhAratIya saMskRti kI brAhmaNa, bauddha aura jaina tInoM hI prAcIna dhArAoM ne niyamita itihAsa ke prAraMbhakAla se bahuta pUrva honevAle bhAratIya nararatna zrIrAma ke carita ko apanI 2 paramparA anuzratiyoM meM smRta rakkhA aura lekhanakalA kA pracAra bar3hane para use racanAnibaddha karake apane-apane dhArmika sAhitya kA mahatvapUrNa aMga bnaayaa| mahAkavi vAlmIki kI saMskRta rAmAyaga brAhmaNa paraMparA kI saba se prAcIna jJAta evaM upalabdha rAmakathA hai / isake racanAkAla ke saMbaMdha meM aneka matabheda haiN| bahumata use dUsarI zatI IsvI pUrva ke lagabhaga racA gayA anumAna karatA hai| vAlmIki ke grantha se hI rAmakathA kA pracAra deza meM bar3hA aura usakA rAmAyaNa nAma rUr3ha huA | bauddhadharma ke pAli tripiTaka kA saMkalana IsvIsana ke prAraMbha ke kucha pUrva siMhala deza meM huA thA / usake kucha kAloparAnta bauddhoM kI paraMparA anuzrutiyeM bhI jAtaka pranthoM ke rUpa meM lipivaddha hone lagI / unhIM meM se * dazarathajAtaka ' pAli bhASA meM bauddha paraMparA kI rAmakathA kA pratinidhitva karatA hai / jaina paraMparA meM prAcIna tIrthaGkaroM ke mukhadvAra se pravAhita hotI AI rAmakathA kA aMtima vyAkhyAna aMtima tIrthaGkara varddhamAna mahAvIra (599-527 I0 pU0) ne kiyA thaa| mahAvIra ke nirvANoparAnta lagabhaga pAMca zatAbdiyoM paryanta jJAna-dhyAna-tapalIna jaina sAdhu saMghane mahAvIra dvArA upadezita tatvajJAna, dharmAcAra evaM paraMparA anuzrutiyoM ko guruziSya paraMparA meM maukhikadvAra se surakSita rakkhA / dUsarI zatI IsvI pUrva ke madhya ke lagabhaga kaliMga cakravartI samrAT khAravela kI preraNA se mathurAsaMgha ke jaina guruoM ke netRtva meM paraMparAgama zrutajJAna ko saMkalita evaM lipibaddha karane tathA apane dhArmika sAhitya kA praNayana karane ke liye eka prabala * sarasvatI Andolana ' prAraMbha ho gayA thaa| phalasvarUpa pahalI zatAbdI I0 pU0 ke uttarArdha se hI jaina saMgha meM pustaka sAhitya praNayana kA OM namaH ho 1. dekhiye, lekhaka kI * sTaDIja ina dI jaina sorseja oNpha dI hisTrI oNpha ensenTa iMDiyA ' kA pacamaM pariccheda-' sarasvatI muuvmentt'|
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________________ 438 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pratha darzana aura gayA, aura tIsarI zatI I0 ke prAraMbha taka vividha viSayake aneka jaina grantha nirmita ho gaye / kucha AcAryoM ne Agama jJAna ke katipaya mahattvapUrNa aMzoM ko bhI yathAvat saMkalita evaM lipibaddha kara DAlA aura dUsaroM ne una para TIkAe~ likhanI bhI prAraMbha kara dii| isa jaina sAhityika pravRtti ke agraNI AcAryoM evaM Adya praNetAoM meM kundakunda, kumAra, zivArya, vimalArya, guNadhara, dharasena, puSpadaMta, bhUtabali, umAsvAmi, kundakIrti, kANabhikSu, yativRSabha, samantabhadra, pAdalipta, zivazarma Adi nAma ullekhanIya haiN| vimalArya kA prAkRta 'paumacariyaM ' jaina paraMparA kI sarva prAcIna jJAta evaM upalabdha likhita rAmakathA vizvAsa kI jAtI hai / svayaM usake lekhaka ke kathanAnusAra usakI racanA vIranirvANa saMvat 530 meM arthAt san IsvI ke prAraMbha ke tIna varSa pazcAt huI thii| grantha kI bhASA prAkRta kA sarala suSThu jaina mahArASTrI rUpa hai| parimANa lagabhaga eka sahasra zloka hai / 118 uddezoM yA sargoM meM grantha vibhAjita hai| uddezoM ke antima padyoM ko chor3a kara prAyaH sarvatra AryA chanda kA prayoga huA hai| paumacariya jaina purANoM kI TakasAlI zailI meM racA gayA hai aura mahArASTrI prAkRta kA sarva prAcIna mahAbhASya mAnA jAtA hai| . mahArAjA rAmacandra kA muni avasthA kA nAma padma thA, ataH jaina paramparA meM rAmakathA kA padmacarita yA padmapurANa nAma hI rUr3ha huaa| vimalArya ne bhI apane grantha kA nAma 'paumacariya' hI prasiddha kiyA / yadyapi unhoMne kahIM-kahIM use rAma yA rAmadevacarita, rAghavacarita Adi nAmoM se bhI sacita kiyA hai / svayaM apanA nAma bhI unhoMne pratyeka uddeza ke anta meM tathA anyatra bhI mAtra vimala' rUpa meM diyA hai| kevala grantha kI antima puSpikA meM apane Apa ko vimalArya yA vimalAcArya (vimalAyarieNa ) tathA usake pUrva prazasti padya meM vimalasUri ( sUrivimaleNaM ) kahA hai| isI prazasti ke anusAra rAhu nAmaka AcArya ke ziSya ' nAilakulavaMzanaMdikara' vijaya the aura inake ziSya pranthakartA vimala the / kintu isake uparAnta hI dIgaI puSpikA meM vijaya kA koI ullekha 2. paMcava vAsasayA dulamAe tIsa varasa saMjuttA / vIre siddhamavagae tao nibaddhaM imeM cariyaM // 118 / 103. 3. paumacariya kA DA. jaikovI dvArA saMpAdita saMskaraNa sana 1914 I0 meM zrI jainadharma prasAraka sabhA, bhAvanagara se prakAzita huA thA / san 1936 I. meM isake prathama cAra uddeza aMgrejI bhUmikA evaM anuvAda sahita pro. vI. ema zAha ne sUrata se prakAzita kiye the / 4. rAhU nAmAyario sasamayaparasamayagahiyasambhAvo / vijayoH ya tassa sIso nAilakulavaMsanandiyaro // sIseNa tassa raiyaM rAhavacariya tu sUrivimaleNaM / soUNa punvagae nArAyaNasIrivariyAI //
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________________ aura jainAcArya vimalArya aura unakA paumacariyaM / nahIM hai aura vimalArya ne svayaM ko sIdhe ' nAilavaMzadinakara' rAhusUri kA hI ziSya ( yA praziSya ? ) sUcita kiyA hai| . paumacariya kI sarva prAcIna upalabdha prati tADapatrIya hai / vi. saM. 1198 ( san 1141 I0 ) meM rAjA jayasiMhadeva ke rAjya meM bhar3auca nagara meM likhI gaI thii| vimalArya ke sarva prAcIna jJAta ullekha udyotanasUri kI 'kuvalayamAlA' (778 I0 ) meM milate haiM, jinake anusAra vimalArya na kevala apane vimalAMka kAvya ( paumacariya ) ke racayitA the; varan sarva prathama harivaMza purANa ke bhI racayitA the / svayaM paumacariya kI prazasti ke 'soUNa pudhagae nArAyaNasIricariyAI' zabdoM se bhI yahI dhvanita hotA hai ki vimalArya ne zrI nArAyaNa ke carita ( arthAt kRSNacarita yA harivaMza ) kI racanA paumacariya se bhI pahale karalI thI / paumacariya ke nAyaka rAmacandra balabhadra yA balarAma the| vimalArya ke ina ullekhoM ke uparAnta udyotanamUri ne 41 vI gAthA meM varAMgacarita ke kartA jaTilAcArya tathA unake prAyaH samakAlIna padmacarita ke kartA raviSeNa ( 676 I0 ) kA ullekha kiyA hai / udyotanasUri ke samakAlIna apabhraMzabhASA ke mahAkavi ( svayaMbhU lagabhaga 775795 I0 ) ne bhI vimalArya kA eka prAcIna kavi ke rUpa meM smaraNa kiyA hai| raviSeNakA bhI unhoMne smaraNa kiyA hai, kintu vimala ke pazcAt / saMbhava hai ki jisa prakAra svayaMbhU kI rAmAyaNa vimala ke paumacariya para AdhArita hai, usI prakAra unakA * arihanemicariu' ( harivaMza ) bhI vimala ke harivaMza para hI AdhArita ho, aura kyA Azcarya ki jinasena punnATa ke harivaMza ( 743 I.) kA AdhAra bhI vimalArya kA hI grantha ho / isake atirikta raviSeNakA padmacarita ( 676 I0 ) jo ki sarvaprAcIna upalabdha saMskRtaH jaina purANa evaM rAmacarita hai, vimalArya ke paumacariya kA hI vizada chAyAnuvAda pratIta. 5. iha nAilavaMsadiNayararAhusariyasIseNa mahappeNa puvvahareNa vimalAyarieNa viraiyaM sammattaM paumacariyaM // 6. jaisalamera granthabhaMDAra sUcI, pR. 17. 7. jArisayaM vimalaMkI vimala ko tArisaM lahai atthaM / amayamaiyaM va sarasaM sarasaM ciya pAiyaM jassa // 36 // buhayaNa sahassa daiyaM harivaMsuppattikAraya paDhamaM / vaMdAmi vaMdiya pi hu harivaMsa ceva vimalapayaM // 38 // 8. dvizatAbhyadhike samAsahasra samatIte'rdhacaturthavarSayukte / jinabhAskaravarddhamAnasiddhe caritaM padmamuneridaM nibaddham // ___isakI tulanA phUTanoTa 2 se kiijiye| raviSeNa kA padmacarita mANikyacandra di. jai. graMthamAlA baMbaI se prakAzita huA hai|
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________________ bhImad vijayarAjendrari-smAraka-graMtha jina, jainAgamaH hotA hai, yadyapi raviSeNane isa bAta kA athavA vimala yA unake grantha kA apane pagmacarita meM koI spaSTa ullekha nahIM kiyaa| isa meM bhI sandeha nahIM hai ki raviSeNa ke padmacarita ne vimala ke paumacariya ko AcchAdita kara diyA / isa navIna evaM apekSAkRta vizada tathA vistRta saMskRta racanA ne vimala ke saMkSipta prAkRta prandha ko vismRtaprAyaH kara diyA aura usakA pracAra avaruddha ho gyaa| jaina paraMparA meM rAmakathA kI eka dUsare se kucha bhinna do dhArAe~ prApta hotI haiM / prathama dhArA kA mUlAdhAra vimalArya kA paumacariya hI pratIta hotA hai, jise raviSaNa ke lalita saMskRta granthane adhika lokapriya banA diyA / svayaMbhU kI apabhraMza rAmAyaNa, hemaca. ndrAcArya ke triSaSTizalAkApuruSacarita ke sAtaveM parva meM varNita rAmakathA, devavijaya ke rAmacaritra ( 1596 I0), paM. dolatarAma ke hindI padmapurANa ( 18 vIM zatI ) Adi pranthoM meM jainI rAmakathA kI isI dhArA ko apanAyA gayA hai / dUsarI dhArA kI upalabdhi guNabhadra ke uttarapurANa (lagabhaga 875 I0) ke 68 veM parva meM varNita rAmacaritra meM hotI hai aura isakA mUlAdhAra kavi parameSTI kA vAgArthasaMgraha (la0 4 thI zatI I0) rahA pratIta hotA hai| jainI rAmakathA ke isa rUpa ko puSpadaMtane apane apabhraMza mahApurANa (10 vIM zatI), cAmuMDarAyane apane kannaDa purANa (10 vIM zatI ), mallisenane apane mahApurANa ( 11 vIM zatI) meM tathA anya uttaravartI mahApurANakAroMne apnaayaa| kintu rAmakathA kA yaha rUpa utanA lokapriya evaM pracAraprApta kamI na ho sakA jitanA vimala aura raviSeNa kI kathAkA / paumacariya ke prakAza meM Ane ke uparAnta pichale kaI dazakoM meM aneka prakhyAta jaina-ajaina, pAzcAtya paurvAtya prAcyavidoM evaM vidvAnoM ne usake saMbaMdha meM paryApta UhApoha kiyA hai| kuchane bhASayika evaM sAhityika dRSTi se isa prantha kA adhyayana kiyA, to kucha ne sAMskRtika yA aitihAsika dRSTi se tathA kucha ne dhArmika vA sAmpradAyika dRSTi se | sabase adhika matabheda isa prantha kI racanAtithi ke saMbaMdha meM hai| DA. lyUmena svayaM vimalArya dvArA pradatta vI. ni. saM. 530 (san 3 I0) kI tithi ko nirvivAda rUpa se ThIka mAnate haiM / paM. nAthUrAma premI ko bhI use ThIka mAnane meM koI bAdhA pratIta nahIM hotI / paM. haragovindAsa paumacariya ko vikrama kI pahalI zatI kI racanA mAnate hue isI tithi kA samarthana karate hai," aura pro. vinTaraniTja bhI isI tithi ko 9. paumacariyam, vI ema. zAha, sUrata, 1936 I. bhUmikA pR0 5 10. anekAnta. va. 5. ki 1-2 pR. 38-48 11. dekhie phuTanoTa 9.
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________________ aura jainAcArya vimalArya aura unakA paumacariyeM / 4419 I mAnya karate haiM / unake isa kathana kA ki 'jaina muni vimalasUrine prathama zatI I0 ke uttarArdha meM hI apane paumacariya nAmaka prAkRta kAvya dvArA rAmAkhyAna kA punaruddhAra kiyA thA' spaSTa kAraNa yaha hai ki ve mahAvIra nirvANa kI jaikobIdvArA nirdhArita tithi 477 I0 pU0 ( athavA 467 I0 pU0 ) mAnya karate the| isake viparIta DA0 jaikobI, vulnara, kItha, ke. bI. dhruva, haridAsa zAstrI, vI. ema. zAha Adi vidvAn tathA unake AdhAra para adhikAMza vartamAna itihAsajJa isa tithi ko amAnya karate haiM") aura paumacariya kA racanAkAla 2 se lekara 8 vIM zatI I0 paryaMta vibhinna kalpoM meM anumAna karate haiM / ina vidvAnoM ke tarkoM ke sArAMza haiM ki (1) paramacari ke karttA praznottara ratnamAlA ke karttA vimalasUri se abhinna haiM / ( 2 ) paumacariya viSeNa ke saMskRta padmacarita kA usa ke uparAMta kiyA gayA prAkRta rUpAntara ho, yaha saMbhava hai / (3) grantha meM prayukta chandoM kI dRSTi se vaha 6ThI 7vIM zatI se pUrva kI racanA pratIta nahIM hotI (4) bhASA kI dRSTi se vaha 4thI yA 5vIM zatI I0 kI racanA pratIta hotI hai / (5) isa grantha meM yavanoM tathA jyotiSazAstra saMbaMdhI kucha yUnAnI zabdoM, tathA katipaya nakSatroM ke nAma, lagna, suruMga Adi kA prayoga, romana zabda dInAra kA tathA zakoM kA ullekha yaha siddha karatA hai ki yaha grantha dUsarI athavA tIsarI zatI I0 se pUrva kA nahIM ho sakatA / (6) vimalArya ne apanA guruvaMza ' nAila ' sUcita kiyA hai aura kalpasUtra therAvali ke anusAra nAilI zAkhA kA udaya pahalI zatI I0 ke anta ke lagabhaga huA pratIta hai, ataH paumacariya dUsarI zatI I0 ke madhya se adhika pUrva kI racanA nahIM ho sakatI / (7) grantha para kundakunda aura umAsvAmi kI racanAoM kA prabhAva lakSita hotA hai / ataH vaha dUsarI zatI I0 se pUrva kA nahIM ho sakatA / ( 8 ) grantha meM eka sthAna para " siyaMvara' zabda prayukta huA hai jo zvetAMbara sampradAya kA sUcaka pratIta hotA hai, ataH usakI racanA digambara zvetAMbara saMghabheda ( 79-83 I0 ) ke pUrva kI nahIM ho sakatI / ( 9 ) vimalArya dvArA prayukta mahAvIra nirvANa saMvat 527 I0 pU0 meM prAraMbha honevAlA pracalita nirvANa saMvat nahIM ho sakatA, varana kisI anya bhramapUrNa AdhAra para AdhArita mahAvIra saMvat hai / ( 10 ) mahAvIra nirvANa 527 I0 pU0 meM nahIM varan 477 I0 12. hisTarI Apha iMDiyana liTarecara, ji. 2. 13. abhI hAla meM hI kucha zIrSasthAnIya bhAratIya itihAsajJa vidvAnoM kA mata isa viSaya meM jAnane kA saMyoga huA thaa| ve jaikobI Adi ke mata ko hI pramANa karate haiM aura usake viruddha jAne kA sAhasa nahIM karate 56
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________________ kara bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-paMtha jina, jainAgama pU0 yA 467 I0 pU0 meM huA thA aura usake AdhAra para paumacariya kI racanAtithi vI. ni. saM. 530 ke artha 53 I0 yA 63 I0 hote haiN| - prathama mata paM0 haridAsa zAstrI kA hai / praznottararatnamAlikA saMskRta kA prAcIna subhASita kAvya hai| isakI do eka TIkAe~ zvetAmbara vidvAnoMne bhI kI hai| grantha ke ina saMskaraNoM ke aMtima padya meM racayitA ke nAma ke sthAna meM kevala 'sitapaTa guru' likhA hai aura ina TIkAkAroM ne use vimalasUrikRta prakaTa kiyA haiN| kiMtu yaha siddha ho cukA hai ki vaha grantha rASTakuTa samrAT amoghavarSa nRpatuMga ( 815-77 I0 ) kI yA unake nAma se unakI rAjasabhA ke kisI kavi kI hai / vimala nAma ke vimala, vimalacandra, vimaladAsa, vimalakIrti, jJAnavimala, nayavimala Adi jo anya zvatAMbara yA digambara vidvAn hue haiM ve saba 12 vIM zatI I0 ke uparAnta ke haiN| 8 vIM zatI I0 ke uparAnta ke kisI vidvAna kA paumacariya ke kartA ke sAtha samIkaraNa karane kA prazna hI nahIM uThatA / paumacariya ko padmacarita ( 676 I0 ) kA pazcAdvartI rUpAntara kahanA kalpanAtireka hai| aneka prAkRta racanAoM kA to kAlAntara meM saMskRtIkaraNa huA, kiMtu kisI saMskRta racanA kA prAkRtIkaraNa hone kA syAta hI koI udAharaNa mile| raviSeNa ke grantha kA parimANa vimalArya ke grantha se prAyaH dugunA hai aura yaha vistAravRddhi vimalArya ke saMkSipta vivaraNoM kA vizada vyAkhyAna tathA aneka prakaraNoM kA kabhI kabhI Avazyaka vistAra ke sAtha varNana karane kA hI pariNAma dRSTigocara hotA hai| tIsare kucha aise prAkRta pada haiM jinheM yadi saMskRta meM rUpAntarita kiyA jAtA to mUla pATha kA bhAva hI lupta ho jAtA, ataH raviSeNane unakI vyAkhyA mAtra se hI saMtoSa kara liyA / cauthe, raviveNa ke eka sau varSa ke bhItara honevAle udyotana evaM svayaMbhU ne raviSeNa kA bhI smaraNa kiyA aura vimala kA bhI aura usa smaraNa se yaha spaSTa hai ki ye vidvAn 14. pauma, zAha, bhUmikA pR. 3 / 15. eka hemaprama ( 1186 I ) kI aura dUsarI devendra evaM maNibhadra ( 1373 I.) kii| 16. sTaDIz2a ina dI jaina sorseja, adhyAya 9 / 17. yathA bhagavatIArAdhanA, paMcasaMgraha, bhAvasaMgraha vakarmopadeza, lokavibhAga, aadi| 18. yathA-mANasuputta eejaM usabhajiNeNa vArio bhro| teNa ime sayalacciya vuccaMtiya mAhaNAloe // -paumacariu, 4/84 jisakA anuvAda raviSeNa ne nimna prakAra kiyAyasmAnmAinanaM putra kArkariti nivAritaH / RSabheNa tato yAtA 'mAhanA' iti te zrutim // -paacarita, 4/122
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________________ aura jainAcArya vimalAye aura unakA paumacariyaM / vimalArya ko raviSeNa se svataMtra evaM pUrvavartI vidvAn vizvAsa karate the / grantha meM prayukta bhASA kI dRSTi se bhI vidvAnoM ne paumacariya 7vIM zatI I0 se paryApta pUrva kI racanA nirdhArita kI hai / vAstava meM raviSeNa kA padmacarita vimalArya ke paumacariya kA hI kahIM kahIM chAyAnuvAda, kahIM bhAvAnuvAda aura kahIM kahIM vizada vyAkhyAna mAtra hai / kathA kI rUparekhA, racanA zailI, prantha evaM uddezoM ke zIrSaka, unakI saMkhyA, svaparicaya evaM mahAvIra saMvat meM racanAtithi kA denA Adi aneka mahattvapUrNa bAtoM meM raviSeNane vimalA kA adbhuta anusaraNa evaM anukaraNa kiyA hai / pratyeka sarga ke anta meM unhoMne apanI chApa bhI usI prakAra dI hai aura jaise paumacariya ' vimalAGka ' kAvya kahalAtA hai padmacarita 'khyaDa' kAvya kahalAtA hai / grantha meM prayukta chandoM ke AdhAra para ke. bI. dhruva use 6ThI yA 7vIM zatI kI racanA anumAna karate haiM " / kiMtu uddezoM ke aMtima padyoM tathA katipaya phuTakara padyoM ko chor3akara Raftar adhikAMza bhAga AryA chanda meM hI racita hai aura yaha chanda prAkRta bhASA ke sAhitya meM prAya: prAraMbhakAla se hI pAyA jAtA hai / kevala isa AdhAra para isa racanA ko itanA pIche kI nizcita nahIM kI jA sakatI / anya bhI kisI vidvAnne isa tarka ko mAnya nahIM kiyA hai / bhASA saMbaMdhI AdhAra eka anizcita AdhAra hai / usI AdhAra para yadi dhruvane paumacari kA racanAkAla 6-7 vIM zatI I0 anumAna kiyA to jaikobI, kItha aura vulanara ne 4-5 vIM zatI aura vinTaraniTja ne prathama zatI I0 / svayaM kItha ne isa tathya ko mAnya kiyA ki bimalasUri kA paumacariya mahASTrI prAkRta kA sarva prAcIna mahAkAvya haiN"| aura jaikobI kA kathana hai ki grantha kI bhASA, vyAkaraNa aura zailI ko dekhate hue paumacariya usa kAla kI racanA pratIta hotI hai jaba ki prAkRta bhASA vyAkaraNa ke niyamoM se pariSkRta nahIM ho pAI thI, usakI kAvyazailI bhI ati sarala evaM AdyayugIna haiN"| isa vidvAn yadyapi isa sthala para ise 4-5 vIM zatI kI racanA anumAna kI hai tathApi anyatra use usake dUsarI zatI I0 kI hone meM koI bAdhA pratIta nahI huI / AcAryaM kSitimohanasena Adi anya bhASAvijJa kundakunda, zivArya, vimalArya Adi ke pranthoM meM prayukta 19. ke. bI. dhruva, inTroDekzana Tu prAkRta / 20. kItha - hisTarI oNpha saMskRta liTarecara / 21. enasAiklopIDiyA oNpha ethiksa eNDa rilIjana, bhAga 7 pR. 437; moDarna rivyu disaMbara 1914 22. jaikovI - pariziSTa parva, bhUmikA, pR. 19.
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha jina, jainAgama jaina mahArASTrI ko prAkRta bhASA kA Adya yA prAcInatama rUpa mAnate haiM / astu, vimalArya ke grantha kI bhASA ko atyaMta prAcIna mAnate hue bhI jo ina prAraMbhika prAcyavidoM ne use san 300 I0 se pUrva kA svIkAra karane meM saMkoca kiyA usakA eka kAraNa yaha bhI hai ki ve vidvAn apane sImita sAdhanoM evaM katipaya rUDha dhAraNAoM ke kAraNa bhAratIya aura vizeSakara jaina saMskRti evaM sAhitya ke itihAsako adhika prAcIna mAnane meM saMkoca karate the| jaikobI, kItha, bulanara Adi kA hI eka tarka yaha bhI hai ki, kyoM ki paumacariya meM yavanoM, zakoM tathA katipaya yUnAnI evaM romana zabdoM kA ullekha milatA hai, ataH yaha grantha 3-4 thI zatI se pUrvakA nahIM ho sakatA / anya Adhunika vidvAn bhI isI tarka ko saba se adhika mahattva dete haiM / prAcIna sAhitya meM yavana zabda yUnAniyoM ke liye prayukta hotA thA aura yUnAna evaM yUnAniyoM ke sAtha bhArata evaM bhAratIyoM ke samparka lagabhaga 6 ThI zatI I0 pU0 se milane lagate haiM / 4 thI zatI I0 pU0 meM sikandara ke AkramaNa ke uparAnta to aneka yUnAnI isa deza meM basa bhI gaye aura zanaiH zanaiH bhArata varSa kI janatA kA aMga bana gye| svayaM jainoM ke sAtha bhI unake nikaTa samparka rahe / IsvI san ke prAraMbha se lagabhaga eka sau varSa pUrva honevAle yUnAnI itihAsakAra dAgasane apane samaya se sau Der3ha sau varSa pUrva ho jAnevAle eka anya yUnAnI vidvAna ke aneka pramANa diye haiM, jinase spaSTa prakaTa hai ki TrAgasa kA vaha prAcIna AdhAra jainoM, unake dharma evaM anuzrutiyoM se bhalI bhA~ti paricita thA / zuMgakAlIna (2 rI zatI I0 pU0 ) pAtaJjali ke mahAbhASya meM bhI yavanoM kA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai| aisI paristhitiyoM meM IsvIsana ke prAraMbha meM racita vimalArya ke paumacariya meM yavanoM yA yavanAnI bhASA ke katipaya zabdoM kA ullekha pAyA nAnA koI Azcaryajanaka bAta nahIM hai / yUnAna aura bhArata ke sAMskRtika samparka tathA AdAna-pradAna vimalArya ke samaya se zatAbdiyoM pUrva prAraMbha ho cuke the / isI prakAra zaka loga bhI unake samaya se lagabhaga ekasau varSa pUrva bhArata meM praviSTa ho cuke the aura basa cuke the| prathama zatI I0 pU0 meM hI zaka jAti meM jaina dharma kA acchA pracAra thA aura prAcIna jaina anuzrutiyoM meM zakoM ko mahattvapUrNa sthAna prApta hai| isvIsan ke prAraMbha ke lagabhaga ke mathurA se prApta jaina zilAlekhoM meM bhI zakoM kA ullekha hai|" roma evaM romana jAti ke vyApArika saMbaMdha bhAratavarSa ke sAtha 2rI zatI I0 pU0 se hI prAraMbha ho gaye the aura unakI dInAra nAmaka mudrAvizeSa se bahuta se pazcimItaTavartIya bhAratIya paricita ho gaye the| prathama 23. sTaDIz2a ina dI jaina sorsez2a, a0 2; tathA pro0 TArnakRta prIksa ina iMDiyA eNDa baiTriyA / 24. uparokta sTaDIz2a ina dI jaina sorsez2a, a. 3, va 4; tathA kAlakA vAryakathAnaka,
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________________ aura jainAcArya vimalArya aura unakA paumacariyaM / zatI I0 meM to romana samrAToM ke sAtha bhAratIya nareza rAjadUtoM kA bhI AdAna-pradAna karane lage the| lagabhaga usI kAla meM svayaM eka jaina zramaNAcArya bhaMDauca nagara se cala kara roma pahuMce the aura vahA~ unhoMne samAdhimaraNa kiyA thaa| ataH ina katipaya videzI zabdaprayoga ke kAraNa vimalArya kI svapradattatithi ko apramANa karane kA koI kAraNa nahIM hai / vimalAryane apane guruoM kA avazya hI 'nAilakulavaMsaNaMdiyara' tathA 'nAilavaMsaviNayara' vizeSaNoM ke sAtha smaraNa kiyA hai / graMtha ke aMtima bhAga meM kevala eka eka bAra ye do pada milate haiM / naMdisUtrapaTTAvalI meM nAgArjunasUri ke ziSya bhUtadinna ko bhI 'nAilakulavaMsanaMdikare' likhA hai| inakA samaya lagabhaga 3-4 thI zatI I0 hai| kalpasUtratherAvali ke anusAra vanasvAmI ke ziSya Aryavajrasena se * ajjanAilIsAhA' (AryanAilI zAkhA) nikalI thI / DA. jaikobI ne vanasvAmI kI mRtyutithi vI. ni. saM.575 nirdhArita kI hai aura unake ziSya vanasena ko lagabhaga vI. ni. saM. 580-600 / isa AdhAra para unhoMne vimalArya ko vIra nirvANa ke sAtavIM zatI ke uttarArdha se uparAMta kA vidvAn anumAna kiyA hai| kiMtu bI. ema. zAhane isa nAilI yA nAgila zAkhA kI utpatti ajjanAila se san 93 I0 meM huI batAI hai aura isa AdhAra para vimalArya kA samaya lagabhaga 143 I. nizcita kiyA hai| kiMtu uparokta donoM paTTAvaliyoM ke ina ullekhoM ke atirikta nAilI zAkhAkA aura koI itihAsa nahIM miltaa| vimalArya aura unake guru vijaya evaM rAhU kA isa zAkhA se saMbaMdhita honekA bhI koI anya ullekha nahIM milatA aura na kisI therAvali yA paTTAvalI meM hI unakA nAma milatA hai / kalpasUtra therAvalI ke AdhAra para bhI nAilI zAkhA kI prAcInatA vI. ni. saM. 575 arthAt san 48 I0 taka pahu~catI hai / jaikobI dvArA mAnya mahAvIra nirvANa kI tithi ke anusAra vaha san 98 yA 108 I0 hotI hai / samayasUcaka ye matabheda mahattvapUrNa haiM / isake atirikta yaha bhI nizcayapUrvaka nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki vimalArya kA saMbaMdha therAvalI meM hI ullikhita zAkhA se thA aura usake pUrva nAila nAmakA koI jaina munivaMza vidyamAna hI nahIM thaa| svayaM pro. zAha ke zabdoM se unakA isa viSaya meM saMdeha dhvanita hotA hai| 25. paTTAvalIsamuccaya, prathama bhAga, pR 14. 26. pahAvalIsamuccaya, prathama bhAga, pR. 8. 27. pariziSTaparva, jaikobI bhUmikA, pR. 19, 28. zAha, paumacariyam, bhUmikA, pR. 4 29. vho|
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________________ bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha jina, jainAgama paumacariya meM kundakunda, umAsvAmI Adi ke granthoM kA prabhA~va khojanA asaMgata sA hai / prAyaH eka hI kAla meM honevAle vibhinna vidvAnoM ke sAdhana-sAmagrI aura AdhAra prAyaH samAna aura bahudhA abhinna hote haiM / una sabahI Adya manthakAroM kA vizeSa kara jainadharma sambaMdhI tattvoM evaM siddhAntoM kA nirUpaNa prAyaH samAna hai| bhASA, zailI, paddhati Adi ke bheda to haiM, kintu mAnyatAoM meM vizeSa antara nahIM hai| aura una sabakI AdhAra bhUta sAmagrI maukhika paraMparA se prApta zrutAgama thaa| ataH jabataka kisI eka vidvAn kI kRti ke nizcitatayA maukhika aMza kisI dUsare vidvAna kI kRti meM paryAptamAtrA meM evaM yathAvata uddhRta kiye gaye na pAye jA~ya yA usake mata, grantha athavA nAmAdi kA spaSTa ullekha na pAyA jAya, unake paraspara pUrvApara ke viSaya meM nizcita nirNaya de denA yuktiyukta nahIM hai / kevala ekAdha bAra prayukta * siyaMbara' jaise zabdako sampradAyavizeSa kA sUcaka mAna "lenA bhI bhramapUrNa hai / paumacariya meM zvetAMbara yA digampara kisI bhI sampradAya kA eka bhI spaSTa saMketa nahIM hai / yaha to kahA hI nahIM jA sakatA ki saMghabheda se pUrva prAkRta bhASA meM 'siyaMvara' zabda thA hI nhiiN| aura phira ukta vibhAjana ke pUrva bhI jaina saMgha meM savastra sAdhu arddhadhAlakoM Adi ke rUpa meM to kamase kama kucha kAlase vidyamAna the hI / ataH isa AdhAra para bhI vimalArya kI tithi ko amAnya karanA asaMgata hai / vastutaH vivikSita siyaMbara zabda paumacariya meM kisI sampradAyasUcaka artha meM nahIM, varan apane sAmAnya zAbdika artha meM hI prayukta huA pratIta hotA hai| jaikovI kA hI eka tarka yaha bhI thA ki vimalArya dvArA prayukta vIranirvANa saMvat praca. lita, arthAt 527 I0 pU0 kA saMvat nahIM thA, varan mahAvIra nirvANa kI tithi ke saMbaMdha meM kisI bhrAnta dhAraNA para AdhArita thA / therAvaliyoM ke anusAra zvetAMbara AmnAya meM mAnya mahAvIra kI ziSyaparaMparA ke evaM ninhavoM ke itihAsa kA vivecana karate hue isa vidvAn ne kAla saMbaMdhI kaI bhUloM kA nirdeza kiyA hai aura uparokta niSkarSa nikAlA hai| kintu usane mahAvIra nirvANa kI tithi saMbaMdhI usa bhrAnta mAnyatA ke, yA usake AdhAra kA athavA usake anusAra mAnIjAnevAlI nirvANatithi kA kahIM koI ullekha yA spaSTI. karaNa nahIM kiyA, kevala AnumAnika saMketa karake apanI dhAraNA puSTa karalI / vaha yaha bhI kahIM nahIM kahatA ki paumacariya kI tithisUcaka gAthA prasiddha hai yA usameM vI. ni0 30. anekAnta, va. 5, ki. 10-11 pR. 337-344. 31. vhii| 32 pariziSTa parva, jaikobI, bhUmikA pR. 18-19
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________________ aura jainAcArya vimalArya aura unakA paumacariyaM / saM. 530 nahIM hai athavA usake sthAna para koI aura saMkhyA rahI hai| dUsarI ora vaha paumacariya kA racanAkAla vIranirvANa kI 7vIM zatI ke aMtima bhAga uparAnta sthira karatA hai / pracalita mata ke anusAra yaha samaya dUsarI zatI I0 ke uttarArdha meM par3atA hai aura svayaM jaikobI ke matAnusAra (nirvANa tithi 477 yA 467 I0 pU0 hone para ) yaha samaya 3rI zatI I0 ke prAraMbha meM par3atA hai / aisI sthiti meM usa kathita bhrAnta mAnyatA ke anusAra nirvANa kI tithi 325-300 I0 pU0 ke AsapAsa honI cAhiye, kiMtu nirvANa tithi saMbaMdhI aisI kisI mAnyatA kA kahIM bhI koI pramANa, AdhAra yA saMketa Aja paryanta upalabdha nahIM huA hai / isake atirikta paumacariya kI tithi ke saMbaMdha meM jaikobI kA kabhI bhI eka mata nahIM rahA / apane vibhinna lekhoM meM usane use 2rI se lekara 5vIM zatI i0 paryanta bhinna bhinna samayo meM racA gayA anumAna kiyA hai| mahAvIra nirvANatithi ko bhI jaikobI ne pahale 477 I0 pU0 meM nirNIta kiyA thA, bAda meM jArla cArapeTiyara Adi ke mata se prabhAvita ho kara use 467 I0 pU0 prati pAdita kiyA / ina mAnyatAoM ke liye bhI koI puSTa AdhAra nahIM hai| katipaya madhyakAlIna AdhAroM, do eka bhramapUrNa sUcanAoM ke AdhAra para ina vidvAnoMne nirvANakAla meM 50 yA 60 varSa kamI kara dIyA hai aura usa meM unakA pradhAna uddezya mahAvIra nirvANa kI tithi kA buddha nirvANa kI, unake dvArA nirNIta 483-4 I0 pU0, tithi ke sAtha samanvaya karanA thaa| kintu svayaM jainoM ke digambara zvetAMbara ubhaya saMpradAyoM kI prAcInatama kAla se calI AI zilAlekhIya, sAhityagata evaM maukhika anuzrutiyeM aura mAnyatAyeM tathA anya bAhya evaM abhyantara sAdhana sAmUhika rUpa se mahAvIranirvANa kI tithi 527 I0 pU0 hI nirvivAda rUpa se siddha karate haiM, aura use amAnya karane kA eka bhI akATya pramANa yA tarka nahIM hai / aba yadi vimalArya kA samaya IsvIsan kA prAraMbhakAla hai, jise asiddha karane ke liye bhI koI akATya pramANa yA tarka nahIM hai to yaha bAta bhI saMbhava pratIta nahIM hotI ki unhoMne pracalita nirvANa saMvat ke atirikta kisI anya nirvANa saMvat kA prayoga kiyA, athavA unheM nirvANa kI ThIka tithi jJAta nahIM thI / kAlAntara meM prAcIna anuzrutiyoM ke vibhinna pradeza evaM kAlavartI vibhinna sampradAyoM ke vibhinna vidvAnoM dvArA vibhinna bhASAoM meM lipibaddha kara diye jAne para to aneka bhramapUrNa yA bhrAmaka sUcanAoM kA pracAra 33. sTaDIjha ina dI jainasojhaija, aM. 2, mahAvIra kI tithi /
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-aMtha jina, jainAgama pA jAnA saMbhava hai, kintu mahAvIra ke pAMca zatAbdiyoM ke bhItara hI, jaba jaina saMgha akhaMDa evaM suvyavasthita thA aura maukhika paraMparA ke saMrakSaNa kI uttama vyavasthA thI, isa prakAra ke bhramoM kA pracalita honA duSkara thaa| aisI sthiti meM san 3-4 I0 kI tithi ko amAnya karane meM kevala do hI saMbhAvanAe~ sAdhaka ho sakatI haiM / yA to tithisUcaka gAthA meM malapATha paMceva' ke sthAna meM 'chacceva' rahA ho / graMtha kI sarva prAcIna upalabdha prati usakI racanA se lagabhaga haz2Ara-gyArahasau varSa uparAnta kI hai / isa dIrgha antarAla meM grantha kI aneka pratilipiyAM vibhinna samayoM meM banI hoMgI, aura kisI bhI pratilekhaka kI bhUla se yA use prApta pATha ke truTita khaMDita hone ke kAraNa mUla 'chacceva' kA 'paMceva' ho jAnA nitAnta saMbhava hai / aura isa prakAra paumacariya kI racanAtithi vI. ni. saM. 630 arthAt san 103-4 I0 ho sakatI hai| kintu yaha bAta nizcayapUrvaka tabhI kahI jA sakatI hai ki jaba koI prAptapratise prAcInatara vA anya samakAlIna prati 'chacceva' pATha ko liye hue prApta na ho jAya / isa saMbaMdha meM yaha smaraNIya hai ki yadyapi 530 kI tithi ke viruddha diye jAnevAle jitane bhI pramANa yA tarka haiM ve sabala yA sArapUrNa nahIM hai, tathApi nizcita tathA usI tithi kA samarthaka pramANa bhI ukta eka svayaM granthagata ullekha ke sivA anya koI nahIM hai| dUsarI saMbhAvanA yaha ho sakatI hai ki paumacariya kA nirmANa san 78 I0 ke zaka saMvata kI pravRtti ke kAphI samaya bAda huA ho / 78 I0 ke pUrva kevala eka zaka saMvata pracalita thA aura vIra ni. saM. 461 arthAt 66 I0 pU0 meM kAlakAcArya ke prayatna se zakoM ke sarvaprathama ujjainI praveza ke upalakSa meM calAyA gayA thaa| kintu 78 I0 meM ujjainI meM zakakSatrapa caSTanane eka dUsarA zaka saMvata pracalita kiyaa| sAtavAhanoMne bhI use hI apanA liyA, kyoMki kuSANa samrAT kaniSka ke rAjya kA prathama varSa bhI vahI thaa| aura kuSANoMne bhI usI varSa se apanA saMvat mAnA / isa prakAra dUsarI zatI I0 meM cAra nAmoM se do zaka saMvat pracalita the| dUsarI zatI I0 meM hI yati vRSabhane apanI tiloyapaNNatti meM vIra nirvANa se 161 varSa tathA 605 varSa 5 mAsa uparAnta kramazaH honevAle do zaka rAjAoM kA spaSTa ullekha kiyA hai| kAlakAcAryakathAnaka, titthogAlIpayannA, merutuMgakRta sthavirAvali Adi se bhI isa kathanakI puSTi hotI hai / usa prAcIna kAla meM (2rI zatI I. se pUrva ) sAmAnya rIti se kisI saMvat vizeSa ke anusAra kAlagaNanA nahIM kI jAtI thI, varan 14. vahI, adhyAya 3, va 4,
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________________ aura jainAcArya vimalArya aura unakA paumacariyaM / 449 pramukha pramukha mahattvapUrNa ghaTanAoM kI ApekSika dUrI smaraNa rakkhI jAtI thii| isI uddezya se prAcIna jaina anuzrutiyoM meM nirvANoparAnta kAlakI rAjyavaMzAvali evaM vaMzakAlAnukrama nirvANa tithi kI apekSA smaraNa rakkhe gye| astu yaha ho sakatA hai ki jisa samaya vimalAryane apanA grantha likhA unheM yaha anuzruti smaraNa rahI kI zaka saMvat kI pravRtti nirvANa se 461 varSa bAda huI hai| unhoMne bhrama se 78 I0 ke zaka saMvat ko hI vaha saMvat samajha liyA aura kyoMki usako bIte usa samaya 68 varSa ho cuke the unhoMne apane prantha kI racanAtithi vI. ni. saM. 530 (461+69) de dii| yadi aisA huA ho to paumacariya kI tithi 78+69=147 I0 ho sakatI hai| kamase kama yaha to nizcita hai ki vimalArya adhunA jJAta Adya jaina purANakAra, jaina rAmakathA ke Adya racayitA, mahArASTrI prAkRta ke sarvaprAcIna mahAkAvyakAra tathA jaina sAhitya ke Adya praNetAoM meM se eka the| kisI pUrva prantha yA grantha kAra kA unhoMne ullekha nahIM kiyA, varan apane sAdhanoM aura AdhAroM ko maukhika paramparAgata zrutajJAna hI sUcita kiyaa| guruparamparA se prApta anuzrutiyeM, saMkSipta nAmAvaliyeM evaM gAthAnibaddha kathAsUtra hI unake AdhAra the| vAlmIki kI brAhmaNIya rAmAyaNa thor3e kAla pUrva hI pracAra ko prApta honA prAraMbha huI thii| usake dvArA pracArita bhrAmaka mAnyatAoM kA nirasana karane tathA loka meM rAmacarita saMbaMdhI bhrama ko na bar3hane dene kI bhAvanA hI unako grantharacanA meM pradhAna preraka thI / isa prakArakA bhrAmaka pracAra karanevAloM ko unhoMne -- kukaha ' (kukavi) aura unakI racanAoMko 'kulattha ' ( kuzAstra ) kahakara bhartsanA kI hai| raviSeNa (676 I0) ke samaya se zatAbdiyoM pUrva se sudUra pUrva ke siMhala, jAvA, sumAtrA, bAlI, bornio, malaya, kAmbuja, cammA Adi dezoM meM bhAratIya rAjya evaM upavi. 35. NAmAvali nibaddha AyariyaparaMparAgayaM savvaM / vocchAmi paumacariyaM ahANupuTvi samAseNaM // 1/8 eyaM vIrajiNeNa rAmacariyaM siddhaM mahatthaM puraa| pacchA khaMDalabhUiNA u kahiya sIsANadhammAsayaM // bhUo sAhupaMraparAe sayalaM loe ThiyaM pAyauM / ettAhe vimaleNa suttasahiyaM gAhAnibaddhaM kayaM // ityAdi. 36. aliyaM pi savvameyaM uvavatti viruddhaM pccygunnehiN| na ya saddahati purisA havaMti je paMDiyA loe // 1/117. taha vivarIya payatthaM kahahi rAmAyaNaM raiyaM / ityAdi.
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________________ 450 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pratha , jainAgama veza sthApita hone lage the| kaI pradezoM kA prAyaH pUrNatayA bhAratIyakaraNa ho cukA thaa| ina pradezoM meM bhAratIya anuzrutiyA~, dharmakathAeM evaM lokakathAeM bhI pahuMca cukI thiiN| vahA~ ke prAcIna maMdiroM ke prastarAGkanoM meM rAmakathA ke bhI kaI dRzyAGkana milate haiN| aura pro0 silavana levI Adi vizeSajJa vidvAnoM kA mata hai ki una pradezoM meM prAcIna kAla meM pracalita rAmakathA ke rUpakA vAlmIkIya rAmAyaNa kI apekSA jaina rAmakathA ke sAtha adbhuta sAdRzya hai| isakA artha hai ki raviSeNake padmacarita ke pUrva hI jainI rAmakathA kA bhAratavarSa meM paryApta pracAra ho cukA thA, aura usakA zreya vimalArya ke paumacariya ko hI ho sakatA hai| isI kAraNa usakI raviSeNake padmacarita kI apekSA atyadhika prAcInatA bhI svataH siddha hai| paumacariya ke kartA ke sampradAya ke viSaya meM bhI matabheda rahe haiM / pITasarna sAhaba to prAraMbha meM use eka bauddha kRti hI samajha baiThe the, kintu eM. haridAsa zAstrIne unakA bhrama nivAraNa kiyaa| aba usake pUrNatayA eka jaina kRti hone meM to koI vivAda hI nahIM hai, kintu svayaM jaina vidvAnoM meM se kucha use digambara tathA kucha use zvetAmbara vidvAna kI racanA prakaTa karate haiN| digambara vidvAna use raviSeNa, svayaMbhU, Adi aneka spaSTataH digambara vidvAnoM dvArA apanAye jAne tathA usIkI kathA ko apane AmnAya meM sarvAdhika pracalita hone ke kAraNa use digambara kRti kahate haiN| zvetAMbara vidvAn granthakartA ke guruvaMza 'nAila' kA apanI sthavirAvaliyoM meM ullekha hone ke kAraNa unheM zvetAMbara mAnate haiM / donoM hI pakSoM ko isa grantha meM apanI-apanI AmnAya meM pracalita mAnyatAeM bhI prApta ho jAtI haiM / parantu paumacariya meM jahAM aneka bAteM aisI pAI jAtI haiM, jo digambara mAnyatAoM ke anukUla haiM, kiMtu zvetAmbara mAnyatAoM ke pratikUla haiM to kucha aisI bAteM bhI haiM jo zvetAMbara manyatAoM ke anukUla haiM aura digaMbara mAnyatAoM ke pratikUla haiN| sAtha hI kucha aise bhI tathya haiM jo donoM hI paraMparAkI mAnyatAoM se vilakSaNa haiM aura donoM meM se kisI ko mAnya nahIM haiM / isa kA eka hI kAraNa hai aura vaha yaha ki paumacariya ke kartA vimalArya na digaMbara the na zvetAMbara / cAhe ve saMghabheda ke pUrva hue ho athavA thor3e samaya uparAnta, unhoMne svayaM hI donoM meM se kisI bhI eka sampradAya se saMbaMddha nahIM kiyaa| vAstava meM eka aise tIsare dala ke vyakti the jo saMgha-vibhAjana ke viruddha the aura sama 37. dekhiye lekhaka kI pustaka-' kAmbuja meM bhAratIya saMskRti kA prabhAva', 38. dekhiye pITarasana ko hastalikhita graMtha anusaMdhAna riporTa / 39. dekhiye-anekAMta, va, 5, ki. pU. 30-48, tathA va. 5 ki. 10-11 pR. 335-44,
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________________ aura jainAcArya vimalArya aura unakA paumacariyaM / jhote yA samanvaya dvArA saMghabhedarUpI phaTa se mahAvIra ke jaina saMgha kI rakSA karane ke liye prayatnazIla the / isI kAraNa vimalAcArya bhI zivArya, umAsvAmi, AryabhAnu, nAgahasti, siddhasena prabhRti kaI anya prAcIna AcAryoM kI bhAMti donoM hI sampradAyoM meM samAnarUpa se mAnya hue evaM apanAye gye| sArAMza yaha ki paumacariya ke kartA vimalArya jaina bhAratI ke gaurava haiM / jaina sAhitya ke itihAsa ke Adya nirmAtAoM meM se haiN| unakA paumacariya prAkRta bhASA aura usake sAhitya ke vikAsa evaM itihAsa kI dRSTi se, bhASAvijJAna ke adhyayana kI dRSTi se, prAcIna bhAratIya saMskRti ke jJAna kI dRSTi se, bhAratIya kathAsAhitya, vizeSakara rAma. kathA, ke vikAsa kI dRSTi se, aneka prakAra eka mahattvapUrNa sAdhana hai / unake graMtha ke anekavidha gaMbhIra viziSTa adhyayana upayukta jJAnamanISiyoM kI pratIkSA meM haiN| abhItaka jo kucha huA hai vaha aparyApta hai, jo honA zeSa hai vaha usakI apekSA bahuta adhika hai| 40. yathA, DA. ghATage kA nibaMdha, akhilabhAratIya prAcyavidyA sammelana, lakhanaU, 1951 I.kA nibaMdhasArasaMgraha, pR. 116.
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________________ dazapura kA aitihAsika mahatva evaM zrIAryarakSitasUri paM. madanalAla jozI. zAstrI, sA. ratna0 mandasora ( mAlavA ) bhAratIya itihAsa kA avagAhana karane para vividha pradezoM kI purAtanatA ke sAtha hameM mAlava pradeza kI prAcIna aitihAsikatA bhI upalabdha hotI hai / vaise mAlava pradeza apanI prAkRtika chaTAoM, naisargika dRzyoM evaM varadAyI viziSTa vAGgamaya ke liye bhI sadA prasiddha rahA hai / prAcIna itihAsoM, granthoM, kathA-kAvyoM Adi meM mAlava kA garimAmaya samullekha prApta hotA hai / isI mAlaba meM prAcIna avantikA, vidizA, mAhiSmatI, dhArA Adi purAtana aitihAsika nagaroM ke sAtha hI 'dazapura ' nAmaka eka aisA prAcIna nagara hai, jisakA iti. hAsa Aja bhI apane gauravapUrNa pRSThoM meM usa samaya kI purAtana smRti dilAtA rahatA hai / eka samaya yaha nagara atyadhika AkarSaka, pragatizIla evaM samunnata hone ke kAraNa apane sampUrNa maNDala kA kendrabindu' thaa| 'dazapura ' kA Adhunika nAma mandasora hai / yaha mAlava ke pazcimIya siMhadvAra para praharI ke samAna sthita ho kara, apane antara meM atIta ke svarNima pRSTha saMjoye khaNDaharoM evaM upalabdha dhvaMsAvazeSoM meM hI sahI, apanI purAtanatA kI rakSA kiye hue cirasaJcita gaurava kI abhivyakti kara rahA hai / yaha prAcIna nAma dazapura se dazaura, daza ura se dazora evaM dazodadasoda se mandasora-bana gayA hai / isI dazapura kA aitihAsika, sAMskRtika, dhArmika evaM kalAtmaka mahattva vAstava meM ullekhanIya hai, isameM sandeha nhiiN| vikrama kI pAMcavIM zatAbdI meM bhArata ke vividha sthAnoM para AkramaNa kara dazapura meM Aye hue AkrAntA hUNa rAja mihirakula ko isI dazapura ke janendra samrAT yazodharmana ne parAsta kara vijaya prApta kI thii| jisake smRtisvarUpa hI vizAla vijayastaMbha dazapura se DhAi mIla dUrI para saudhatI (hUNa hatI) nAmaka sthAna para Aja bhI avasthita hai / jisa para brAhmI-lipi evaM saMskRta meM yazodharmana ke guNa-gauravAtmaka zloka khude hue haiN| ve isa nagara evaM pratApI vIra yazodharmana kI mahattA ke paricAyaka haiM / isake atirikta yazodharmana se bhI pUrva jaba yahAM bandhuvarmA kA zAsana thA, isI nagara meM eka vizAla evaM advitIya kalApUrNa sUryamandira thA / jo apanI kalAtmakatA ke liye sudUradUra prasiddha thaa| (56)
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________________ aura jainAcArya zrIAryarakSitasUri / 453 rAjataraGgiNI, kAdambarI, kathAsaritsAgara, meghadUta, vividhatIrthakalpa, purANa, mahAbhArata Adi vividha granthoM evaM kAvyoM meM isa nagara kA jisa rIti se varNana kiyA gayA hai-usake AdhAra para yaha kahanA sarvAMzataH samucita hai ki yaha nagara kitanA vaibhavazAlI evaM samRddha. samunnata thA / mahAkavi kAlIdAsa *isa nagara ke bar3e prazaMsaka rahe haiN| aisA unake prathoM se hI vidita hotA hai| abhI taka prAyaH adhikAMza adhyetA yahI jAnate haiM ki isa nagara kA varNana upayukta granthoM meM hI upalabdha hotA hai| uparAMta isake bhI isa prAcIna nagara kA purAtanakAlIna surucipUrNa vizada varNana jaina granthoM meM bhI upalabdha hotA hai / AvazyakakathA, dazavaikAlika, AvazyakacUrNi, uttarAdhyayanasUtra, nandIsUtrasavRtti, vividhatIrthakalpa Adi vividha jaina granthoM meM 'dazapura' kA atyanta hI anupama evaM rucipUrNa zailI se varNana kiyA gayA hai| ina granthoM meM abhilikhita varNanoM ke AdhAra para yaha sahaja hI anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki 'dazapura' meM jainadharma evaM jainadarzana kA kitanA prabala pracAra evaM sudRr3ha astitva thA ! ___ " nandIsUtrasavRtti " se yaha suspaSTatayA pratIta hotA hai ki vIranirvANa saMvat 584 meM isI nagara meM AryarakSita sUri ' nAma ke eka suprasiddha jainAcArya ho gaye haiM, jo apane samaya ke udbhaTa vidvAn , sakala zAstrapAraGgata evaM AdhyAtmika tattvavettA the| yahI nahIM, yahAM taka ina ke varNana meM ullekha kiyA gayA hai ki ye itane prakANDa vidvAna the ki anya kaI gaNoM ke jJAnapipAsu jainasAdhu Apa ke antevAsI (vidyArthI) raha kara jJAna prApta karate the / usa samaya AryarakSitasUri kA ziSya honA mahAn bhAgyazAlI hone kA sUcaka mAnA jAtA thA / phalataH Apake ziSyoM evaM vidyArthiyoM kI saMkhyA kA koI pAra hI nahIM thaa| AryarakSita sUri kA dazapura ( Adhunika mandasora ) se ghaniSThatama sambandha thA / suvijJa pAThakoM kI jAnakArI ke hetu yadi prastuta paMktiyoM meM AryarakSitasUri kA jIvanagata vaha aitihAsika vivecana, jisakA ki dazapura se abhinna sambandha hai, kara diyA jAya to adhika samucita evaM susaGgata hogaa| 'dazapura' meM jaba udayana nAmaka rAjA rAjya karatA thA, usa samaya usake eka purohita ___* mahAkavi kAlidAsa kI janmabhUmi kI zodha meM dazapura kA nAma bhI vicAraNIya hai / aisA sunane aura jAnane ko milA hai| dazapura ke bhAgya meM agara yaha gaurava likhA gayA to dazapura kA mAna phira kitanA UMcA uTha jAyagA, kalpanAtIta hai / lekhakane dazapura ko kAlidAsa kI janma-bhUmi hI likha diyA thaa| nitAMta pramANoM ke abhAva meM hama vaha to svIkAra nahIM kara sakate the| lekhaka kI bhAvanA ko prastAva rUpa se rakha dene meM koI Apatti nhiiN| saM0 daulatasiMha,
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pratha jina, jainAgama thA jisakA nAma thA somadeva / somadeva kI rudrasomA nAma kI patnI thii| inake do putra the-AryarakSita evaM phalgurakSita / prAsaGgika kathAnaka kA ullekha karate hue 'nandIsUtra' meM isa prakAra kahA gayA hai ki " Aste puraM dazapuraM, sAraM dazadizAmiva / somadevo dvijastatra, rudrasomA ca tatpriyA // tasyAryarakSitaH sUnuranujaH phalgurakSitaH // " purohita somadevane-jo svayaM uccakoTi ke vidvAn the, apane jyeSTa putra AryarakSita ko apanI adhyayana kI huI sampUrNa vidyAoM kA adhyayana kraayaa| kintu kuzAgramati medhAvI AryarakSita itane hI se santuSTa nahIM hura aura adhika vidyAdhyayana ke hetu pATalIputra cale gaye / vahAM unhoMne lagana evaM tanmayatA ke sAtha veda upaniSad Adi caturdaza vidyAoM kA adhyayana kiyA / caturdazApi tatrAsau vidyAsthAnAnyadhItavAn / athAgacchad dazapuraM, rAjA'gAt tasya sammukham / / + // 1 // yahAM se caturdaza vidyAoM kA adhyayana karane ke pazcAt jaba AryarakSita apane guru kA AzIrvAda lekara apanI janmabhUmi dazapura ( mandasora) lauTa kara Aye, evaM unake zubhA. gamana kA sandeza jaba rAjA, purohita evaM nagaravAsiyoM ne sunA to sabhIne prasanna mana hokara hArdika abhinandana ke sAtha ApakA bhavya svAgata kiyaa| ___AryarakSita apanI mAtA rudrasomA ko chor3akara prAyaH samasta parivAra se mila cuke the| ve adhika utsuka ho apAra prasannatA ke sAtha jaba mAtA ke samIpa gaye evaM praNAma kiyA to mAtA caturdazavidyAdhIta alaukika guNasampanna AryarakSita jaise putra kA sAdhAraNa zabdoM meM svAgata karatI huI kucha bhI na bola kara mauna ho gii| mAtA ke isa audAsinya para AryarakSita ke vijJa, kintu komala, mAnasa para vajrAghAta-sA huA aura ve tatkAla hI vinayabhare zabdoM meM apanI mAtA se nivedana karane lage " kiM na te mAtastuSTirmavidyayA'bhavat " " he mAtA ! kyA Apa ko mere adhyayana se santoSa nahIM huA !" mAtA rudrasomAne gambhIratApUrvaka uttara dete hue apane putra se kahA ki "tuSyAmyahaM dRSTivAdaM, paThitvA cettvamAgamaH ?" +1. vividhatIrthakalpa pR. 70 meM isI Asaya kI paMkti isa prakAra hai"AryarakSito'pi hi caturdaza vidyAsthAnAni tatraivAdhItya dazapuramAgamat / "
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________________ aura jainAcArya zrI ArakSitasUri / 455 " AryarakSita ! tere vidyAdhyayana se mujhe taba hArdika santoSa evaM parama prasannatA hogI jaba tU jainadarzana evaM usake sAtha hI vizeSataH dRSTivAda kA samagra adhyayana kara legA / " mA kI manobhAvanA evaM usake AdezAnusAra AryarakSita ikSuvATikA meM gaye, jahAM AcArya zrI tosalIputra virAjamAna the evaM unase nivedana kiyA ki " bhagavan ! yuSmAkaM sannidhau dRSTivAdamadhyetumAgamam !" " maiM dRSTivAda kA adhyayana karane ke hetu Apa kI zaraNa meM AyA hUM ! " 66 AcArya tolIputra AryarakSita kI tIvratara meghA, prakharapANDitya evaM sarvato'dhika vinayazIlatA dekha kara yaha anumAna lagAyA ki nizcaya hI yaha jainadarzana kA adhyayana kara AtmakalyANa ke sAtha hI jainazAsana kI unnati meM sahAyaka siddha hogA / unhoMne AryarakSita ko sambodhita karate hue kahA - " dIkSayA'ghIyate hi saH- vatsa ! dRSTivAda kA adhyayana dIkSA grahaNa karane ke pazcAt hI kiyA jAtA hai, ataeva yadi tuma dIkSA grahaNa karo to maiM tumheM saharSa dRSTivAda kA adhyayana karAdUMgA / anyathA nahIM / isIliye ki jainadIkSA ke binA STavAda kA adhyayana sarvathA asambhava hI hai ! " " jJAnaprApti evaM vizeSataH mAtRhRdaya ko santuSTa karane ke hetu dRSTivAda kA adhyayana karane ke liye mujhe Apa kI AjJA zirodhArya hai / bhagavan ! evaM maiM jaina dIkSA grahaNa karane ke liye prastuta huuN| mujhe zIghra hI dIkSita kara jJAna-dAna dIjiye prabho !" AryarakSitane AcArya tosalIputra se karabaddha ho kara nivedana kiyA ! vizuddha jJAna-pipAsu meghAvI AryarakSita kI prArthanA svIkAra karate hue AcArya tosalIputrane unheM dIkSA dedI evaM anya nagara meM vihAra kara diyaa| vahIM unhoMne AryarakSita ko japa, tapa, saMyama aneka sadvidhiyoM ke sAtha kramazaH aGga tathA upAna evaM sUtra tathA katipaya pUrvo kA adhyayana karAyA / isI prakAra - " " dRSTivAdo guroH pArzve, yo'bhUttamapi so'paThat / apane guru ke samIpa jo dRSTivAda thA usakA bhI AryarakSitane samagra adhyayana kiyA / itane se AryarakSita kI jainadarzana ke prati bar3hatI huI jJAnapipAsA zAnta nahIM huI aura ve apane gurudeva kI AjJA se gItArtha muniyoM ke sAtha ujjayanI phuNce| vahAM AcArya bhadraguptasUri kI sevA meM unake svargagamana taka unake dvArA Adeza diye gaye niyamoM kA pAlana karate hue Arya vajrasvAmI ke samIpa pahuMce evaM unake antevAsI banakara vidyAdhyayana karane lage /
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________________ 456 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha jina, jaimAgama idhara mA rudrasomAne putra ke viyoga meM atyadhika santapta ho AryarakSita ko bulAne ke liye apane dvitIya putra phalgurakSita ko unake samIpa bhejaa| pharagurakSitane apanI mAtA kA sandeza sunAte hue AryarakSita se kahA "so'bhyadhAbhrAtarAgaccha, vratArthI te jno'khilH|" " he bhAI ! Ao ! pUrA parivAra tumheM dekhane ko utsuka hai / " " sa Uce satyametacet , tatvamAdau parivraja!" " yadi yaha satya hai phalgurakSita! to sarvaprathama tuma bhI dIkSA lekara vidyAdhyayana kro| sampUrNa vidyAoM ke sAtha samagra jainadarzana kA adhyayana kara hama donoM eka sAtha hI pUre parivAra evaM mAtAjI se milane cleNge|" AryarakSitane prasanna hokara phalgurakSita se khaa| phalgurakSitane vicAra kara apane agraja kI bAta mAnalI evaM dIkSA lekara unhIM ke samIpa meM vidyAdhyayana karane lge| ___ eka dina adhyayana karate karate AyarakSita vicAramagna ho socane lagA evaM guru vajrasvAmI se pUchA--- "yavikairNito'prAkSIt , zeSamasya kiyatprabho !" " gurudeva ! dazamapUrva kI yavikAoM kA to maiM adhyayana prAyaH samApta kara cUkA hU~aba kitanA adhyayana aura zeSa hai !" ____ " yaha pUchanA abhI ucita nahIM AyarakSita ! abhI kucha aura par3ho ! " Arya vajrasvAmIne uttara dete hue gambhIratApUrvaka kahA / kucha dina aura isI prakAra gahana adhyayana meM vyatIta hone ke pazcAt punaH AryarakSitane gurudeva se vahI prazna kiyaa| vajrasvAmIne tatkAla pratyuttara dete hue kahA ki " svAmyUce sarSapaM merovindumbdhestvmgrhiiH|" "AryarakSita ! abhI tumane meru ke sarasoM jitanA aura samudra meM biMdu jitanA adhyayana kiyA hai| isaprakAra apAra evaM gahanatama viSaya meM se abhI eka hI caraNa liyA hai, amI ananta anaMta zeSa hai !" bajrasvAmI kA ukta kathana sunakara AryarakSita nata zira ho punaH jJAna kI sAdhanA evaM tasva kI ArAdhanA meM laga gye|
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________________ aura jainAcArya shriiaaryrkssitsuuri| punaH eka dina avasara pAkara AryarakSitane vajrasvAmI se nivedana kiyA athApRcchat prabho yAmi, bhrAtA mAmAhvayatyalam / "bhagavan ! mujhe dekhane ke liye mere sabhI sambandhI utsuka ho rahe haiM / yaha dekhiye phalgurakSita merA anuja mujhe bulAne AyA hai| kRpayA mujhe eka bAra jAne kI anumati de diijiye| maiM tatkAla hI vahAM se punaH lauTakara apane adhyayana meM rata ho jaauuNgaa|" ___vajrasvAmIne Adeza dete hue kahA-" vatsa ! yadi tuma jAnA hI cAhate ho to jAo! tumheM AzIrvAda detA hUM ki tumhArA adhItajJAna tumhArI AtmA ke liye kalyANakArI ho|" Arya vajrasvAmI kI AjJA prApta kara AryarakSita 'dazapura ' kI ora vihAra karane ke pUrva apane dIkSAguru AcArya tosalIputra ke darzanArtha unake samIpa gaye / AcAryadevane apane ziSya AryarakSita ko sarvathA yogya samajhakara AcArya pada de diyA evaM dUsare bhava kI sAdhanA meM laga gye| AcArya hokara AryarakSitane dazapura kI ora vihAra kiyaa| nagara ke samIpa pahuMcate hI phalgurakSitane prathama jAkara mAtA ko zubha sandeza diyaa| adhika divasoM ke pazcAt apane putra ke Agamana kA zubhasaMvAda sunakara mA rudrasomA atyadhika prasannatA se pulakita ho uThI evaM putra ke svAgata meM juTa gaI / jaba pitA somadeva evaM mAtA rudrasomA anya sambandhiyoM evaM nAgarikoM ke sAtha nagara ke bAlodyAna meM pahuMce to vahAM AryarakSita ke jainasAdhu ke veza meM darzanakara ve donoM mugdha se raha gye| rudrasomA prArambha se hI jainamatAvalambinI zrAvikA thii| apane putra ke dIkSita muniveza meM darzana kara usake nayano meM harSAzru bhara Aye aura vaha apane Apa ko dhanya mAnane lgii| AcArya AryarakSitane apane mAtA, pitA evaM anya janasamudAya ko aisA prabhAvotpAdaka AtmakalyANakArI maMgalamaya upadeza diyA ki sabhI dIkSita hone ke liye prArthanA karane lge| aura-pravrAjya svajanAn sarvAn , saujanyaM prakaTIkRtam // AryarakSitane mAtA, pitA, bhAryA tathA anya pArivArika janoM evaM dUsare bhAvika manuSyoM ko dIkSA dekara munivrata de diyA evaM isa prakAra apanI sajjanatA kA zubha paricaya dete hue vaha kArya kiyA jo prAyaH virale hI jana kiyA karate haiN| ___ jainadarzana ke pUrvAcAryoM ke itihAsa kA sUkSma adhyayana karane para yaha spaSTatayA jJAna
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________________ 458 bhImad vijayarAjendrari-smAraka-graMtha jina, jainAgama hotA hai ki AcArya AryarakSitasUri pUrvAcAryoM meM mahAn paramojvala yazasvI evaM sarvatomukhI pratibhAsampanna jainAcArya ho gaye haiN| nizcita hI ve apane samaya ke udbhaTa, advitIya vidvAn evaM tattvavettA Adarza AcArya the| unakI isa alaukika vidvattA evaM abhUtapUrva devopama jIvana se mAlavapradeza ke prAcIna dazapura ( mandasora ) nagara ko vastutaH gauravazAlI mahAn pada prApta huA hai| AcArya AryarakSitasUrine na kevala apane hI kSetra meM, apitu yatra tatra sarvatra vicaraNa karate hue jahA~-jahA~ samAja ajJAnAndhakAra meM lipta ho kupathagAmI ho rahA thA, yA pUrva se hI thA, usako vizuddha jainadarzana kA prakAzadAna kara sanmArga pradarzita kiyaa| jisa para calakara asaMkhya janasamudAyane AtmakalyANa kiyA / usa samaya kI suSupti ko jAgRti meM pariNata kara samAja meM zrAvakoM kI saMkhyA meM AcAryapravarane jo abhivRddhi kI vastutaH vaha asAdhAraNa hI thI / eka vAra jo bhI vyakti Apake samparka meM Ate ki unhe sahasA jJAna kA camatkArapUrNa divyaprakAza prApta hotA thaa| tatastAni prabuddhAni zrAvakatvaM prapedire / / ve jAgRta ho kara zrAvakatva grahaNa karate / sAdhutva evaM AcAryatva ko paryAptarItyA sArthaka karate hue AcArya AryarakSitasUrine apane svayaM kA kalyANa karate hue 'sva' meM hI para ke darzana kara samudAra vRtti se vibhinnarItyA jo lokakalyANa kiyA vaha apane samaya kA eka anupama Adarza hI hai| vaise AryarakSitasUri kA ziSyasamudAya bhArI saMkhyA meM thA hI, kintu unake mukhya ziSyoM ke sambandha meM kahA hai ki tatra gacche ca catvAro, mukhyAstiSThanti sAdhavaH // Adyo durbalikA puSpo, dvitIyaH phlgurkssitH| vindhyastRtIyako goSThA-mAhilazca caturthakaH // unake gaccha meM mukhyatayA AryarakSitasUri ke cAra ziSya the-durbalikApuSpa, phalgurakSita, vindhya evaM gosstthaamaahil| ye cAroM hI cAroM dizAoM meM prasiddhiprApta vidvAn evaM tattvajJAnI the| inakI vidvattA ke sAmane kisI bhI viSaya kA koI bhI zAstrapAraGgata dhurandhara paNDita zAstrArtha ke liye sAhasa nahIM kara sakatA thaa| kahate haiM ki eka samaya goSThAmAhila ne mathurA meM kisI vidvAn ko zAstrArtha meM aisA parAjita kiyA ki vaha inakI manasvitA para mugdha ho apane ahaMtva kA parityAga kara inakA ziSya bana gyaa| isase goSThAmAhila ke
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________________ aura jainAcArya zrIAryarakSitasUri / sAtha hI inake guru AryarakSita evaM zeSa tInoM ziSyoM ke prakANDapANDitya evaM unakI tajjanya nirmala yazasvitA kA cAroM ora vyApakarUpa se pracAra tathA prasAra ho gyaa| AcArya AryarakSitasUri ne bahujanahitAya va sukhAya sArvajanika hitadRSTayA sabase uttama evaM mahAn kArya yaha kiyA ki unhoMne dUradarzitA se yaha jAna kara ki vartamAna ke sAtha hI bhaviSya meM bhI jainAgamoM kI gahanatA evaM dusahavRtti se asAdhAraNa medhAvI bhI eka bAra unheM samajhane meM kaThinAI kA anubhava karegA; isaliye AgamoM ko cAra anuyogoM meM vibhakta kara diyaa| ve yahAM taka samajha gaye the ki ___ caturve kaikasUtrArthAkhyAne syAtko'pi na kSamaH / -ina vidyAvyasanI parama manasvI cAroM ziSyoM meM se bhI koI eka-eka sUtra kI vyAkhyA karane meM pUrNatayA samartha na ho skegaa| aisI sthiti meM kisI dUsare kI zakti nahIM kI vizuddha vyAkhyA kara unheM apane jIvana meM AtmasAt kara ske| ataeva - tato'nuyogA~zcaturaH pArthakyena vyadhAt prbhuH| isase pazcAt AcArya AryarakSitasUrine una AgamoM ko pRthak pRthak cAra anuyogoM meM isa prakAra vibhakta kara diyAH 1 karaNacaraNAnuyoga 3 gaNitAnuyoga 2 dharmakathAnuyoga 4 dravyAnuyoga isake sAtha hI AcArya AryarakSitane anuyogadvArasUtra kI bhI racanA kI jo ki jainadarzana kA pratipAdaka mahattvapUrNa Agama mAnA jAtA hai / yaha Agama AcAryapravara kI divyatama dArzanika dRSTi kA paricAyaka hai| pAryarakSita sUri ke sambandha meM aura bhI aneka Adarza evaM ullekhanIya ghaTanAe~ haiN| unakA vizada paricaya suprasiddha jainAcArya zrI vijayarAjendrasUriracita abhidhAnarAjendrakoza ke antargata ajarakkhiya (AryarakSita ) zabda kI vyAkhyA karate hue upalabdha hotA hai| isake atirikta nivRttisUtra meM to Apa kA varNana hai hii| isa prakAra mAlava pradeza ke paramaprAcIna nagara dazapura (mandasora) kI anyAnya viSayaka aitihAsika mahattA ke sAtha AcAryapravara AryarakSitasUri kA bhI sudRr3ha sambandha hai, jisa ke kAraNa dazapura ke aitihAsika gaurava kI abhivRddhi huI hai| + isa lekha meM diye gaye zloka abhidhAnarAjendrakoza se uddhata kiye gaye haiN| -lekhaka
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________________ mAlava-manISI zrI prabhAcandrasUri sU. nA. vyAsa, ujjaina vidvadvara prabhAcandrasUri mAlavasthita dhArAnagarI ke prasiddha purAtana paNDita ho gae haiN| I. sa. 838 meM prasiddha jainAcArya jinasenane apane 'mahApurANa' meM inake viSaya meM likhA haicandrAMzu zubhrayazasaM prabhA candraM kaviM stuve / kRtvA candrodayaM yena zAzvadAhlAditaM jagat // 47 // isase pratIta hotA hai ki prabhAcandra kI kIrti candra kI kaumudI ke samAna sarvatra prakAzita ho rahI thii| ve ucca koTi ke paNDita the / unhoMne nyAya-zAstra para mahatvapUrNa racanA kI thii| I. sa. 513 ke AcArya mANikyanandI ke granthoM para bhI inhoMne TIkA likhI thii| mANikyanandI aura akalaMka AcAryoM kA anusaraNa kara prabhAcandra ne apanA maulika nyAya prantha nirmita kiyA thA / usakA svayaM unhoMne ullekha kiyA hai| prabhAcandrane apane 'nyAyakumudaca. ndrodaya' meM likhA haimANikyanandipadaxpratimAprabodha(ka)m / vyAkhyAya bodhanidhireSa punaH prbndhH|| akalaMka ke anusaraNa mAtra se kucha vidvAnoM kA mata hai ki prabhAcandra inake ziSya haiM, paraMtu isa zaMkA kA nivAraNa svayaM prabhAcandrane apane prameyakamalamArtaNDa' ke aMta meM kiyA hai guruzrInandimANikyo nandivA zeSa sajJAnakaH / aura zrIpadmanandisaiddhAntaziSyo'nekaguNAlayaH / prabhAcandra ciraMjIvyAt ratnanandi pade rataH // unhoMne mANikyanandI aura ratnanandI ko apane gurusthAna para mAnA haiN| isase akalaMka kA guru honA siddha nahIM hotaa| prabhAcandra pratibhAzAlI paNDita the| ve dhArAdhIzvara bhojake rAjya kAla meM the| yaha unhoMne 'prameyakamalamArtaNDa ' meM likhA bhI hai| ' itizrIbhojadevarASTra zrImaddhArAnivAsix paramaparameSTi praNAmArjixmalapuSpanirAxtakarmamalakalaMke, zrImatprabhAcandrapaNDitenanikhilaMpra mANaprameyasvarUpodyota parIkSAmukhapadavivRttamiti / ' __paraMtu yaha bhojarAja 7 vI 8 vIM zatI ke the, 11 vIM zatI ke bhojarAja ke samaya dhArA meM amitagati aura mAnatuGgasUri vidyamAna the| eka vidvAnne prabhAcandra kA kAla 1050 (I. sa. 1115 ) ThaharAyA hai / apanI puSTi ke lie unhoMne batalAyA hai ki nemicandra siddhAMtacakravartI saMvat 1034 meM hue the| (57)
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________________ aura jainAcArya mAlava-manISI zrI prabhAcandrasUri / 461 unake granthoM kI gAthAeM tathA pUjyapAdakRta jainendra vyAkaraNa ke kucha sUtra prabhAcandra ne apane ' prameyakamalamArtaNDa ' meM uddhRta kiye haiN| isa kAraNa prabhAcandra inase pUrva nahIM ho sakate / paraMtu pUjyapAda kA samaya pAMcavIM zatI hai / isake bAda inake grantha se koI uddharaNa le to vismaya kA kAraNa nahIM / na prabhAcandra ko pIche hone kI AvazyakatA hI hai / isI prakAra nemicandra siddhAMtacakravartI kA samaya bhI inhIM vidvAn ne 1034 mAnA hai, para vaha samaya bhI ThIka nahIM mAlUma hotA / nemicandra cAmuNDarAja ke samaya meM hue haiN| cAmuNDarAja vi. saM. 735 meM huA hai / ina bhrAMta AdhAroM para prabhAcandra ko 11-12 vIM zatI meM samajhanA ucita nahIM hai / " isI prakAra digambara jaina granthakartA pustaka meM prabhAcandra ko 453 kA batalAyA gayA hai / kintu prabhAcandrane bANa kI kAdambarI se - 'rajojuSe janmani satvavRttaye ' yaha zloka uddhRta kiyA hai / yaha prasiddha thaa| isI kI sabhA meM bANa kavi thA / chaTThI sadI ke meM prabhAcandra kaise upayoga meM lA sakate the ? yaha bhI spaSTa asaMgati hai 1 hai ki zrIharSa kA zAsana I. saM. 544 meM bANa kavi ke uddharaNa ko cauthI sadI ' prameyakamalamArtaNDa ' meM bhartRhari ke vyAkaraNa kA eka zloka milatA hai / ' nasosti ubhayoloke yaH zabdAnugamAdRte ' , pro. pAThakane vyAkaraNakAra bhartRhari kA samaya 650 mAnA hai| cInI yAtrI huenatsaMgane 629-645 meM bhArata- pravAsa kiyA thaa| usane usa samaya bhartRhari ko vyAkaraNakartA ke rUpa meM prasiddha honA sUcita kiyA hai| yadi 650 bhI bhartRhari kA samaya samajha liyA jAve to digambara jaina granthakartA kI sUcanA meM dosau varSa se Upara kI bhrAnti utpanna ho jAtI hai / prabhAcandrane bhartRhari aura kumArila bhaTTa kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai / saMbhavataH ve unake samakAlIna ho ! paraMtu pUrvavartI kadApi nahIM / jo kucha bhI / dhArAnagarI meM bhojarAja ke samaya jo deza-videza se aneka pratibhAzAlI vidvAn ekatrita hote the, aura dhArAnagarI kI rAjasabhA vidvatsabhA ke rUpa meM suzobhita hotI thI, usI sabhA ke pratibhAzAlI paNDita prabhAcandra bhI the| unakI racanA jahA~ nyAyazAstra ke liye alaMkArabhUta hai, vahA~ mAlavabhUmi kI yazogAthA kI ujjvala paramparA bhI pratipAdita karanevAlI hai / mAlava ke yazasvI vidvAnoM meM prabhAcandrasUri kA nAma suvarNa varNoM se aMkita rahegA / unake ' prameyakamalamArtaNDa ' dvArA nyAya sAhitya samRddha banA hai / 1 vidvAn lekhaka kA hastalekhana atyanta hI aspaSTa hone se jahA~ nitAMta apaThya thA, vahA~ hamane pUrti karane kI bhraSTatA na karate huye X (cihna) lagA diyA hai / saMpA0 daulatasiMha lor3hA.
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________________ vRttikAra abhayadevasUri riSabhadAsa rAMkA, pUnA 2 saMskRti ke vikAsa meM aneka mahApuruSoM ke prayatna tathA sevAaiM kAma meM lagI haiM Aja jisa rUpa meM hama saMskRti ko pA rahe hai usa rUpa meM rakhane tathA usakA vikAsa karane meM anekoM ke parizrama tathA zakti lagI hai| jaina saMskRti ko jisa rUpa meM Aja hama dekhate haiM usako akSuNNa rakhane meM jina mahApuruSoMne apanI sevAeM aura zakti kA upayoga kiyA haiM una mahApuruSoM meM se abhayadevasUri bhI eka the / jJAna aura cAritra kA jina meM sumela ho aura jinakI kahanI-karanI ekasI ho aise loga bahuta kama pAye jAte haiM / para jinakA jJAna AtmavikAsa aura Atma-sAdhanA ke lie hotA hai ve apane jJAna ko AcaraNa meM lAkara bhI anubhava prApta karate haiM, use ve logoM ke sanmukha rakhate haiN| vaha anubhavajanya jJAna, phira jisa meM rAga kI mAtrA kama ho, nisaMdeha hitakara hI hotA hai| abhaya devasUri aise sAdhakoM meM se the / unhoMne jaina hI nahIM, para vedavedAMgoM kA bhI gaharAI ke sAtha adhyayana kiyA thaa| AcArapravaNa vyaktiyoM meM jJAna aura udAratA bahuta kama pAI jAtI hai, para abhayadevasUri meM jJAna, cAritra aura anubhavavyApakatA kA suMdara sumela thA, jisase unake dvArA yaha mahAna kArya ho skaa| unakA janma usa samaya huA thA jisa samaya caityavAsI saMpadAya kA prAbalya thA / jaina dharma ko adhika lokapriya banAne ke lie AcAra meM kucha zithilatA lAI gaI thii| maMtra, taMtra, jyotiSa, vaidyaka, naimittika zAstra kI sahAyatA lekara zramaNa jaina dharma ko bar3hAne kA prayatna kara rahe the| rAjAzraya tathA rAjasattA ke bala kA dharmapracAra meM upayoga kiyA jA rahA thaa| maMdiroM kI vyavasthA karanevAle pUjArI aura vyavasthApaka loga jo maMdiroM ke dhana kA durupayoga karane laga gae the unakI vyavasthA aparigrahI sAdhuoMne lI aura ve vyavasthA karane laga gae the / tyAgI varga ke hAtha meM vyavasthA lene kA uddezya bhale samAja hita kA rahA ho, para parigraha kA svabhAva hI aisA hai ki vaha upayoga karane vAle ko nIce girAtA hI hai aura yahI bAta caityavAsI saMpradAya ke viSaya meM huii| parigraha kA maMdiroM ke lie upayoga karanevAle tyAgI usakA upayoga apane upabhoga ke lie bhI karane laga gae the| AcAra kI zithilatA ke pakSa meM zAstravacanoM kA upayoga hone laga gayA thaa| ina caityavAsI (58)
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________________ aura jainAcArya vRttikAra abhayadevari / muniyoM meM Agama ke jJAtA aura zAstriyajJAna ke jAnakAra vidvAn the aura zAstra bhI adhikatara unhIM ke pAsa thA, kyoMki zAstrabhaMDAroM kI vyavasthA karanA unhIM ke AdhIna thI, para unakA aisA karanA mahAvIra ke upadezoM se pratikUla thA aura nivRttiparAyaNa jainatatvajJAna se mela nahIM khAtA thA / isI lie haribhadra jaise AcAryoM ne isa saMpradAya ke khilApha kaThora TIkA kI thii| saMvegI saMpradAya ke muni AcArapAlana meM adhika dhyAna dete the, kintu prabhAva to caityavAsiyoM kA hI una dinoM meM adhika thaa| yahAM taka kI jaina saMskRti kA kendra pATaNa jo una dinoM gujarAta kI rAjadhAnI thA, usameM caityavAsiyoM kI ijAjatake binA praveza karanA bhI saMvegI muniyoM ke lie kaThina thaa| saMvegI paraMparA meM kabhI-kabhI caityavAsI muni zAmila ho jAte the, jo vidvAn tathA AgamoM ke jJAtA hote the| abhayadevasUri jisa paraMparA meM dIkSita hue the, unake guru ke guru vardhamAnasUri pahale caityavAsI the, aura ve bAda meM AgamoM ke ciMtana tathA vairAgya utpanna hone ke kAraNa saMvegI bana gae the| cUMki ve vidyApremI tathA vidvAn the, isalie unake ziSya bhI bahuzruta tathA vidvAn the| zuddha kriyAvAle saMyamI zramaNoM kI paraMparA bar3hAne kI dRSTi se unhoMne apane ziSya jinezvarasUri tathA buddhisAgarajI ko pATaNa bhejA thA, jinhoMne apanI vidvatA ke bala para rAjapurohita ke yahAM bar3I kaThanAI se sthAna pAyA thA aura apanA kAma zurU kiyA aura saphalatA paaii| jinezvarasUri abhayadevasUri ke guru the| jinezvarasUri jaba pATaNa se vihAra kara jAlora kI ora gae to vahAM se unakA vihAra dhArAnagarI kI ora huaa| usa jamAne meM dhArAnagarI vidyA tathA saMskRti kI kendra thii| vahAM mahIdhara zreSThi rahate the jinakI bhAryA kA nAma dhanadevI thA aura putra kA nAma abhayakumAra thaa| jinadevasUri ke saMparka se abhaya. kumAra meM vairAgya jagA aura sAdhu banane ke saMkalpa ko mAtApitA se kaha kara usane AjJA prApta kii| AcAryane yogya pAtra, saMkalpa kI dRr3hatA aura vairAgyabhAva dekha kara vi. saM. 1104 meM :usako dIkSA dI aura abhayadeva muni nAma rakhA / muni kA janma vikrama saMvata 1088 meM huA thaa| abhayadeva kA vairAgya AtmakalyANa ke liye hI thA, ataH ve kaThora tapa, saMyama aura jJAna kI sAdhanA karane lge| jaina darzana hI nahIM, para vedopaniSadoM kA bhI adhyayana kiyA / unhoMne dIkSA le kara 10 sAla taka zAstra-adhyayana kiyaa| 26 sAla kI umra meM ve zAstroM ke acche jJAtA ho gae the| unakA saMyama, unakI yogyatA aura vidvatA dekha kara unake gurune unako AcArya padavI dI aura ve abhayadevari kahalAne lge| zAstroM ke adhyayana tathA tatkAlIna samAja kI sthiti ke avalokana kA pariNAma yaha
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________________ 464 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha jina, jaimAgama huA ki zAstroM yA AgamoM kI yogya vyAkhyA hI AcAra kI vikRti dUra karane kA ThIka upAya hai| isa lie AcAra kI vikRti dUra karane ke lie zAstroM kI zuddha vyAkhyAeM honI caahie| abhayadevasUri apane mana meM zAstroM kI vyAkhyAeM ThIka karane kA saMkalpa karake usakI taiyArI meM lage / sAdhanoM kI suvidhA kI dRSTi se pATaNa anukUla sthAna thA, kyoM ki vahAM Agama kI bhinna-bhinna vAcanAeM milane meM suvidhA thI aura caityavAsI saMpadAya ke vidvAnoM kA sahayoga vahAM prApta ho sakatA thaa| ve cAra sAla taka aMtara-bAhya taiyArI karate rahe aura vikrama saMvata 1130 seM unhoMne aMgasUtroM para vRttiyAM likhane kA kAma zurU kiyA / apane kAma kI gaMbhIratA aura usakA mahatva jAna kara unhoMne isa kAma ke lie pratikUla AcAra pAlanevAle caityavAsI saMpradAya ke AcArya droNAcArya kA sahayoga liyaa| isameM unakI udAratA tathA vyApakatA aura guNagrAhyatA ke darzana hote haiM / ve svayaM zuddha AcAra tathA kaThora saMyama ke pakSapAtI the| lekina zithilAcAravAloM ke prati unameM udAratA thI, jisase ve isa mahAn kArya meM droNAcArya kA sahayoga prApta kara kArya ko adhika se adhika prAmANika aura nirdoSa kara ske| isa kArya meM droNAcArya kI vidvattA aura bahuzrutatA kA sAtha na milatA to ve kevala saMvegI saMpradAyake sAdhuoM ke sahakArya se isa mahAn tathA upayogI kArya ko syAta hI itanA kara pAte yA nahIM, kahanA kaThina hai| kyoM ki saMvegiyoM meM zuddha AcAra aura kaThora saMyamavAle to bahuta the, para vidvAnoM kI kamI thii| ____ abhayadevasUri kI tapa aura saMyama meM vizeSa zraddhA thii| unhoMne vRttiyoM kA kAma zurU karate samaya tapase prAraMbha kiyA aura kAma pUrA hone taka barAbara AyaMbila tapa karate rahe / yaha kArya saMvata 1128(1) taka calatA rhaa| isa kAla meM karIba 60000 sATha hajAra zlokoM kI unhoMne racanA kii| ve upalabdha pAThoM ko dekha kara zuddha karate, phira usa para vRtti racate aura droNAcArya ko batalA kara unase prAmANikatA kI mohara lgvaate| pAThoM ko zuddha karane kA kAma kitanA kaThina tathA parizrama kA hai yaha to ve graMthoM kA prAmANika saMpAdana karanevAle hI jAna sakate haiN| Aja sAdhanoM kI sugamatA aura vaipulya hone para bhI eka eka graMtha ke saMpAdana meM kaI varSa bIta jAte haiN| phira una dinoM, jaba sAdhanoM kI kamI thI, AgamoM ke aneka pAThAntara aura ve bhI avyavasthita hoM, taba kitanA adhika parizrama karanA par3A hogA aura vaha bhI lUkhA-sUkhA khA kr| isa tapa aura parizrama kA zarIra para pariNAma honA svAbhAvika thA / abhayadevasUri ko raktavikAra huaa| jo virodhI vicAra rakhate the, unhoMne yaha bAta phailAI kI AgamoM ke galata artha karane kA yaha pariNAma hai aura isa lie kor3ha kI bImArI huii| abhayadevasUri ko isa apavAda se bahuta duHkha huaa| unhoMne anazana kara prANatyAga karane
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________________ 465 aura jainAcArya vRttikAra abhayadevasUri / taka kA vicAra kiyaa| prabhAvaka caritrakArane likhA hai ki unako svapna meM nAgarAjane Akara kahA ki thaMbhaNa gAMva ke pAsa zer3hI nadI ke kinAre dabI huI pratimA nikAla kara tIrtha kI sthApanA kro| nAgarAja ke apanI jihAdvArA unake roga ko cUsane kA unheM AbhAsa huA / hama to usa bAta ko unakI saMkalpazakti kA hI pariNAma mAnate haiM jo svapnarUpa meM prakaTa huI ho / ve kamajora hAlata meM hI thaMbhaNa grAma kI ora jAne ko taiyAra hue| unake sAtha aneka zrAvaka aura sAdhu the| vahA~ jAkara unako svapna meM jisa jagaha ko batAyA gayA thA vahAM khudavAne para bhavya pratimA dikhAI dii| pratimA ke darzana karate hI 'jaya tihuaNavarakapparUkkha' isa stotra kI racanA svAbhAvika hI bhakti ke Aveza meM huii| dhIre dhIre unakI bImArI dUra huI aura ve svastha hue / thaMbhaNa pArzvanAtha tIrtha kI sthApanA unhIM ke dvArA huii| Aja jo jaina sAhitya aura Agama jisa rUpa meM pAye jAte haiM, unako usa rUpa meM rakhane meM abhayadevasUri kA bahuta bar3A hissA hai / unhoMne jaina AgamoM para vRttiyAM likha kara tathA ucita saMzodhana kA kArya kara saMgha para bahuta upakAra kie haiN| unakA kArya usa samaya to mahattvapUrNa thA hI, para bAda kI pIDhiyoM ke lie bhI usakA bar3A mahatva hai| isa lie unakI gaNanA upAdhyAya vinayavijayajIne yugapuruSoM meM kI haiM so yathArtha hai| jainadarzana sAhitya tathA AcAra jo Aja bahuta kucha mUla sthiti meM pAyA jAtA hai, usako mUla tattvoM ke nikaTa rakhane meM abhayadevasUrijI kA kArya bahuta kucha kAraNabhUta hai / unhoMne sthAnAMga, samavAyAMga, jJAtA, bhagavati sUtra ke atirikta paMcAzaka sUtra para, jisakI racanA AcArya haribhadrasUrine kI thI, vRtti kI racanA kI thI jisameM 7480 zloka the| unakA kAryakSetra adhikatara pATaNa hI rahA aura kahA jAtA hai ki dehAvasAna bhI vahIM para huA / para kucha loga kapaDavaNaja meM pAdukA hone se dehatyAga bhI vahIM para huA mAnate haiM / bhale hI dehatyAga kahIM bhI huA ho, para kapaDavaNaja bhI unake pramukha kAryakSetroM meM se eka thaa| hama dekhate haiM, jina meM nirAgrahavRtti aura vyApakatA hotI haiM, ve hI aise mahatvapUrNa aura sthAyI svarUpa ke kAma kara pAte haiN| aura yaha bAta tabhI AtI hai, jaba adhyayana gaharA tathA vyApaka ho| aise jJAnI apane saMpradAya yA dharma kA pAlana niSThA ke sAtha karate hue bhI dUsaroM ke prati udAra hote haiM aura yahI sacce jJAnI kI nizAnI hai| aise mahAn puruSa hamAre yahA~ hote rahe haiM aura Aja bhI maujUda haiN| tabhI hama meM sahiSNutA Aja bhI pAI jAtI hai / abhayadevasUri aise mahApuruSoM meM se the jina meM vyApakatA, jJAna aura caritra kA sumela thA aura jinhoMne nirAgrahI vRtti rakha kara mahAn kArya kiyA /
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________________ devendrasUrikRta navya-karmagrantha DaoN. mohanalAla mahetA, ema. e., pI eca. DI. AcArya devendrasUri (vikrama kI 13-14 vIM zatI)ne jina pAMca karmagraMthoM kI racanA kI hai unakA AdhAra zivazarmasUri, candrarSimahattara Adi prAcIna AcAryoM dvArA banAye gaye prAcIna karmagraMtha haiN| devendrasUrine apane karmagranthoM meM kevala prAcIna karmagraMthoM kA bhAvArtha athavA sAra hI nahIM diyA hai; apitu nAma, viSaya, varNanakrama Adi bAteM bhI usI rUpa meM rakhI haiM / kahIM kahIM navIna viSayoM kA bhI samAveza kiyA hai| prAcIna SaT karmagraMthoM meM se pAMca karmagraMthoM ke AdhAra para AcArya devendrasUrine jina pAMca karmagraMthoM kI racanA kI hai ve navya-karmagraMtha kahe jAte haiM / ina karmagraMthoM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM: karmavipAka, karmastava, bandha-svAmitva, SaDazIti aura zataka / ye pAMcoM karmagraMtha kramazaH prathama, dvitIya, tRtIya, caturtha va paMcama karmagraMtha ke nAma se bhI prasiddha haiM / uparyukta pAMca nAmoM meM se prathama tIna nAma viSaya ko dRSTi meM rakhate hue rakhe gaye haiM, jabaki antima do nAma gAthA saMkhyA ko lakSya meM rakha kara rakhe gaye haiN| ina pAMcoM karmagraMthoM kI bhASA prAkRta hai / jisa chaMda meM inakI racanA huI hai usakA nAma AryA hai| prastuta nibandha meM uparyukta pAMca karmagraMthoM kA saMkSipta paricaya diyA jAyagA / karmavipAka __ graMthakAra ne prastuta graMtha ke lie Adi evaM anta meM karmavipAka' (kammavivAga) nAma kA prayoga kiyA hai| karmavipAka kA viSaya sAmAnyatayA karmatattva hote hue bhI isameM karmasambandhI anya bAtoM para vizeSa vicAra na kiyA jA kara usake prakRti-dharma para hI pradhAna tayA vicAra kiyA gayA hai / dUsare zabdoM meM kahA jAya to prastuta karmagraMtha meM karma kI sampUrNa prakRtiyoM ke vipAka-paripAka phala para hI mukhyatayA varNana kiyA gayA hai| isI dRSTi se isakA 'karmavipAka' nAma bhI sArthaka hai / graMtha ke prAraMbha meM AcArya ne batAyA haiM ki karmabandha sahetuka arthAt sakAraNa hai| isake bAda karma ke svarUpa kA paricaya dene ke lie graMthakAra ne karma kI cAra dRSTiyoM se vicAra kiyA hai| prakRti, sthiti, anubhAga athavA rasa evaM pradeza / prakRti ke mukhyatayA ATha bheda haiM : jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, vedanIya, mohanIya, Ayu, nAma, gotra aura antarAya / ina ATha mUla prakRtiyoM ke vividha uttarabheda hote haiM jinakI saMkhyA 158 taka hotI haiM / ina medoM kA
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________________ 467 aura jainAcArya devendrasUrikRta navya-karmagrantha / svarUpa batAne ke lie AcArya ne prAraMbha meM jJAna kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai / jJAna ke pAMca medoM kA saMkSepa meM nirUpaNa karate hue tadAvaraNabhUta karma kA sadRSTAnta nirUpaNa kiyA hai| isI prakAra darzanAvaraNa karma ke nava bhedoM meM pAMca prakAra kI nidrAeM bhI samAviSTa haiM / ise batAte hue AcAryane ina nidrAoM kA manoraMjaka varNana kiyA hai / tadanusAra sukha aura duHkha ke janaka vedanIya karma, zraddhA aura cAritra ke pratibandhaka mohanIya karma, jIvana kI maryAdA ke kAraNabhUta Ayu karma, jAti Adi vividha avasthAoM ke janaka nAma karma, ucca aura nIca gotra ke hetubhUta gotrakarma evaM prApti Adi meM bAdhA pahuMcAnevAle antarAya karma kA saMkSepa meM varNana kiyA hai / anta meM pratyeka prakAra ke karma ke kAraNoM para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| prastuta karmagraMtha meM 61 gAthAeM haiN| karmastava prastuta graMtha meM karma kI cAra avasthAoM kA vizeSa vivecana kiyA gayA hai| ye avasthAeM haiM-bandha, udaya, udIraNA aura sattA / ina avasthAoM ke varNana meM guNasthAna kI dRSTi pradhAna rakhI gaI hai-bandhAdhikAra meM AcAryane caudaha guNasthAnoM ke krama ko lete hue pratyeka guNasthAnavI jIva kI karmabandha kI yogyatA-ayogyatA kA vicAra kiyA hai| isI prakAra udaya Adi avasthAoM ke viSaya meM bhI samajhanA caahie| guNasthAna kA artha hai AtmA ke vikAsa kI vividha avasthAe~ / inhIM avasthAoM ko hama AdhyAtmika vikAsakama kaha sakate haiM / jaina paramparA meM isa prakAra kI caudaha avasthAeM mAnI gaI haiN| ina meM AtmA kramazaH karmamala se vizuddha hotA huA anta meM mukti prApta karatA hai| karmapuMja kA sarvathA kSaya kara mukti prApta karanevAle prabhu mahAvIra kI stuti ke bahAne se prastuta graMtha kI racanA karane ke kAraNa isakA nAma ' karmastava ' rakhA gayA hai / isakI gAthA-saMkhyA 34 hai| bandha-svAmitva prastuta karmagraMtha meM mArgaNAoM kI dRSTi se guNasthAnoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai evaM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki mArgaNAsthita jIvoM kI sAmAnyatayA karmabandha-sambandhI kitanI yogyatA hai va guNasthAna ke vibhAga ke anusAra karma ke bandha kI yogyatA kyA hai| isa prakAra isa graMtha meM AcAryane mArgaNA evaM guNasthAna donoM dRSTiyoM se karmabandha kA vicAra kiyA hai| saMsAra ke prANiyoM meM jo bhinnatAeM arthAt vividhatAeM dRSTigocara hotI haiM unako jaina karmazAstriyoMne caudaha vibhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA haiM / ina caudaha vibhAgoM ke 62 upameda haiN| vaividhya ke isI vargIkaraNa ko ' mArgaNA ' kahA jAtA hai / guNasthAnoM kA AdhAra karmapaTala
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________________ 468 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha jina, jainAgama kA taratamabhAva evaM prANI kI pravRtti-nivRtti hai; jabaki mArgaNAoM kA AdhAra prANI kI zArIrika, mAnasika evaM AdhyAtmika vibhinnatAeM haiN| mArgaNAeM jIva ke vikAsa kI sUcaka nahIM haiM; apitu usake svAbhAvika-vaibhAvika rUpoM kA pRthakkaraNa mAtra haiM-jabaki guNasthAnoM meM jIva ke vikAsa kI kramika avasthAoM kA vicAra kiyA jAtA haiM / isa prakAra mArgaNAoM kA AdhAra prANiyoM kI vividhatAoM kA sAdhAraNa vargIkaraNa hai jabaki guNasthAnoM kA AdhAra jIvoM kA AdhyAtmika vikAsa-krama hai / prastuta karmagraMtha kI gAthA-saMkhyA 24 hai / SaDazIti prastuta graMtha ko 'SaDazIti ' isa lie kahate haiM ki isameM 86 gAthAeM haiN| isakA eka nAma 'sUkSmArtha-vicAra' bhI hai aura vaha isalie ki graMthakArane graMtha ke anta meM 'suhumatthAviyAro' (sUkSmArthavicAraH ) zabda kA ullekha kiyA hai| isa graMtha meM mukhyatayA tIna viSayoM kI carcA hai, jIvasthAna, mArgaNAsthAna aura guNasthAna / jIvasthAna meM guNasthAna, yoga, upayoga, lezyA, baMdha, udaya, udIraNA aura sattA ina ATha viSayoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / mArgaNAsthAna meM jIvasthAna, guNasthAna, yoga, upayoga, lezyA aura alpa-bahutva ina chaH viSayoM kA varNana hai / guNasthAna meM jIvasthAna, yoga, upayoga, lezyA, baMdhahetu, baMdha, udaya, udIraNA, sattA aura aspa-bahutva ina dasa viSayoM kA samAveza kiyA gayA hai| anta meM bhAva tathA saMkhyA kA svarUpa bhI batAyA gayA hai| jIvasthAna ke varNana se yaha mAlUma hotA hai ki jIva kina kina avasthAoM meM bhramaNa karatA hai| mArgaNAsthAna ke varNana se yaha vidita hotA hai ki jIva ke karmakRta va svAbhAvika kitane bheda haiM / guNasthAna ke parijJAna se AtmA kI uttarotara unnati kA AbhAsa hotA hai / isa jIvasthAna, mArgaNAsthAna evaM guNasthAna ke jJAna se mAtmA kA svarUpa evaM karmajanyarUpa jAnA jA sakatA hai| zataka zataka nAmaka paMcama karmagrantha meM 100 gAthAeM haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki isa kA nAma zataka rakhA gayA hai / isa meM sarva prathama batAyA gayA hai ki prathama karmagraMtha meM varNita prakRtiyoM meM se kauna kauna prakRtiyAM dhruvabandhinI, adhruvabandhinI, dhruvodayA, adhruvodayA, dhruvasattAkA, adhruvasattAkA, sarvaghAtI, dezaghAtI, aghAtI, puNyadharmA, pApadharmA, parAvartamAnA aura aparAvartamAnA haiM / tadanantara isa bAta kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai ki inhIM prakRtiyoM meM se kauna kauna prakRtiyAM kSetranipAkI, jIvavipAkI, bhavavipAkI evaM pudgalavipAkI haiN| isa ke bAda graMthakArane prakRtibandha, sthitibandha, anubhAgabandha (rasabandha ) evaM pradezabandha ina cAra prakAra
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________________ aura jainAcArya devendrasUrikRta navya-karmagrantha / ke bandhoM kA svarUpa batAyA hai| ina kA sAmAnya paricaya to prathama karmagraMtha meM de diyA gayA hai, kintu vizeSa vivecana ke lie prastuta graMtha kA AdhAra liyA gayA hai| prakRtibandha kA varNana karate hue AcAryane mUla tathA uttaraprakRtiyoM se sambandhita bhUyaskAra, aspatara, avasthita evaM avatavya bandhoM para prakAza DAlA hai / sthitibandha kA vivecana karate hue jaghanya tathA uskRSTa sthiti evaM isa prakAra kI sthiti kA bandha karanevAle prANiyoM kA varNana kiyA hai| anubhAgabandha ke varNana meM zubhAzubha prakRtiyoM meM tIvra athavA manda rasa par3ane ke kAraNa, utkRSTa va jaghanya anubhAgabandha ke svAmI ityAdi bAtoM kA samAveza kiyA hai / pradezabandha ke varNana meM vargaNAoM kA vistArapUrvaka vivecana kiyA gayA hai evaM anta meM upazamazreNI evaM kSapakazreNI kA svarUpa batAyA gayA hai / REATER
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________________ lukAzAha aura unake anuyAyI bhaMvaralAla nAhaTA solahavIM zatAbdI bhArata kA eka viziSTa saMkrAntikAla hai| yA tA musalamAnA ka AkramaNa muhammada gaurI se prAraMbha hokara alAuddIna khilajI ke samaya taka bar3e krUra rahe / bhAratIya devAlayoM para jabaradasta prahAra huaa| janatA para bhI amAnavIya kRtya hue| inase janajIvana trasta ho utthaa| eka ora dhArmikatA para AghAta, dUsarI ora AjIvikA aura dhanasaMpatti para / dharma aura dhana manuSya ke lie prANoM se bhI adhika priya hote haiN| dhana ko gyAraivAM prANa kahA gayA hai aura dharma to sarvasva hai hii| phalataH alAuddIna ke bAda jaba thor3I zAMti prApta huI to dhvasta mandiroM kA jIrNoddhAra aura navIna nirmANa kA kArya jora-zora se Age bar3hA / terahavIM, caudahavIM zatI kI bhI bahuta dhAtupatimAeM milatI haiM, para prandrahavIM va solahavIM meM to unakI saMkhyA aura bhI bar3ha jAtI hai / jJAnabhaNDAroM kI surakSA ke prati jAga. rukatA aura navIna bhaNDAroM kI sthApanA isa yuga kI ullekhanIya ghaTanA hai, jaba ki musalamAnoM dvArA vidhvaMsa-kArya joroM para thaa| bahutasI mUrtiyoM va pratiyoM ko bhUmigRha aura pracchanna sthAnoM meM surakSA ke lie rakha diyA gayA thaa| prandrahavIM ke uttarArddha meM jaba thor3A zAMta vAtAvaraNa dekhA gayA to una pustakoM ko surakSita sthAnoM meM sthAnAntarita kiyA gayA evaM bahutasI mahattvapUrNa pustakoM kI pratilipiyAM tAr3apatra va kAgaja para kharataragacchAcArya jinabhadrasUri aura tapAgaccha ke somasundarasUri Adine zrAvakoM ke sahayoga se acche lahiyoM se karavAyIM / luMkAzAha kA pUrvajIvana bhI aise hI eka prAcIna zAstroM kI pratilipi karanevAle lahie ke rUpa meM bhAlekhita milatA hai| saM. 1475 meM unakA janma huA, unakI jAti va sthAna ke sambandha meM vividha mata haiN| solahavIM zatAbdI meM mUrtipUjA ke virodhI aneka vyakti hue| musalamAna to mUrtipUjA ke virodhI the hii| bhArata meM aneka hindU va jaina devAlayoM kA vidhvaMsa kara unhoMne janatA kI paramparAgata zraddhA para prabala AghAta kiyaa| usIkA pariNAma huA ki bhArata ke vibhinna dharma-sampradAyoM meM kucha aise vyakti nikale jinhoMne mUrtipUjA kA virodha hI apane jIvana kA dhyeya banA liyaa| mahAtmA kabIra, zvetAmbara jainoM meM luMkA, digambaroM meM tAraNasvAmI isa mUrtipUjA virodhI mata ke aguA yA netA bane / lukAzAha kI apanI nijI koI (60)
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________________ aura jainAcArya kAzAha aura unake anuyAyI / 471 racanA upalabdha nahIM hai / para unake mata ke virodha meM jo anekoM grantha likhe gaye unase unake vyaktitva kI kucha jhAMkI milahI jAtI hai| digambara tAraNasvAmI ke grantha milate haiN| unakI bhASA bar3I aTapaTI aura vicAra bhI avyavasthita haiM / mUrtipUjA virodhI Andolana ko samayane bhI sAtha diyA / eka ora cAroM tarapha mUrttiyeM musalamAnoM dvArA tor3I jA rahI thIM, dUsarI ora mUrtipUjA meM honevAlI kriyAoM meM hiMsAdi ko batAyA gyaa| kucha ADambara bhI bar3ha cukA thA / aise hI kaI kAraNoM se usa Andolana ko bala va saphalatA prApta huI / sarvaprathama hama laMkAzAha ke vyaktitva ke sambandha meM jo prAcIna ullekha prApta hue haiM, unheM upasthita karate hue unake mata evaM anuyAyioM ke sambandha meM sapramANa vicAra kareMge, "jaisA ki upara kahA gayA hai / laMkAzAha ke sambandha meM unake virodha meM likhe gaye sAhitya meM adhika tathya milate haiM / laMkAzAha ne svayaM kucha likhA nahIM, isa lie unakI mAnyatAoM ke sambandha meM virodhI sAhitya hI eka mAtra AdhAra hai / Azcarya kI bAta hai ki laMkAzAha ke anuyAyI lakhamasI, bhANA Adi kisI bhI samasAmayika vyakti ne apane upakArI puruSa kI jIvanI aura siddhAnta ke sambandha meM kucha bhI nahIM likhA / luMkAzAha ke bAda sattara varSa taka unake kisI bhI anuyAyI ne inake sambandha meM kucha bhI likhA ho aisA jJAta nahIM hotA, jaba ki virodhI sAhitya unake samakAlIna yA bahuta nikaTavarttI hI prApta hai / saMvat ke ullekhavAlI sabase purAnI virodhI racanA gujarAta ke viziSTa kavi lAvaNyasamaya kI siddhAnta caupAI hai jo saM. 1543 ke kArttika zuklA 8 ko banAI gaI thI / usameM laMkAzAha ke sambandha meM likhA gayA hai saI ugaNIsa varisa thayA, paNacAlIsa prasiddha | tyAra pachI luku huau, asamaMjasa tiNa kIdha // luMkA nAmai muMhatalau, hUMtu ekai gAma AvI khoTi bihuM para, bhAgu karama virAmi / ralai khapar3a khIjai ghaNuM, hAthi na lAgai kAma | tiNi AdariDaM pheravI, karma lIhAnu tAma Agama aratha ajANa tuM, maMDaI anaratha mUli / jinavara vANI avagiNI, Apa kariDaM jaga dhUli / 1. janma kA saMvat vi. 1472 kA0 zu0 15 bhI milatA hai / 2. jAti prAgvATa thI yaha adhika vizvasta hai / 3. laMkA sirohI rAjyAntargata arahaTavAr3A ke nivAsI the / dekhiye prAgvATa itihAsa, pR0 358 saMpAdaka - daulatasiMha lor3hA.
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________________ 472 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pratha jina, jainAgama saThau deva kisyuM karai, vadati capeTa na deha / kisI kubuddhi tisI dii, jiNa bahu kAla rulei // deza avantI maiM suNyuM, tihiM maMDapagaDha joi / tihAM vachi AtI AviyA, milyA lakhamasI soi / luMkaha dravya apAvi kari, lobhiI kIdhau aMdha / lukA mata leka bhaNI, pArikha uDiu khaMdha // pArikha huau kupArasI, joi raciu kudharma / pArikha kiMpi na parakhiu, rayaNarUpa jina dharma // luMkaDa vAta prakAzI isI, tehanau zIsa hui lakhamasI teNai bola uthApyA ghaNA, te saghalA jinazAsanataNA / usake bAda laMkA mata kA khaNDana kiyA gayA hai| yaha racanA jainayuga pustaka 5 aMka 9-10 ke pRSTha 340 meM prakAzita ho cukI hai / bIkAnera ke u. jayacaMdajI ke bhaMDAra meM hastalikhita vaha prati bhI vidyamAna hai| isake bAda saM. 1544 ke lagabhaga kharataragaccha ke kamalasaMyamopAdhyAya ne siddhAntasAroddhAra nAmaka grantha banAyA jisa meM likhA gayA hai saMvata panara aThotarau jANi, lukuM lehau mUli likhANi / sAdhu niMdA ahanizi karai, dharma dhaDAbaMdha DhIlau dharaha // tehanai ziSya miliu lakhamasI, tehanI buddhi hiyAthI khisI / TAlai jinapratimA nai dAna, dayA dayA kari TAlai dAna // TAlai vinaya viveka vicAra, TAlai sAmAyaka uccAra / paDikamaNA nauM TAlai nAma, bhAmaha par3iyA ghaNA tiNiThAma // saMvata panara nu vIsai kAli, pragaTyA vezadhAra samakAli / dayA dayA pokArai dharma, pratimA niMdI bAMdhai kama // ehavau huyau pirojajikhAna, tehanai pAtisAha dii mAna / pAra deharA nai posAla, jinamata pIr3ai dusamAkAla // lukA naha te miliu saMjoga, tAva mAMhi jima sIsaka roga / Dagamagi par3iu sagalau loka, posAlai Avaha paNi phoka / / lAvaNyasamaya kI siddhAntacaupaI ke anukaraNa meM bIkA ne asUtra-nirAkaraNa battIsI
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________________ aura jainAcArya . lukAzAha aura unake anuyAyI 473 banAI jo janayuga varSa 5 aMka 1-2-3 ke pRSTha 88 meM prakAzita huI hai| usameM likhA hai ki: vIra jinesara mugatiI gayA, sai ogaNIsa varasa jaba thayA / paNayAlIsa adhika mAjanai, prAgavATa pahilai sajanai // 1 // laMkA lIhAnI utapati, sIkhyA bola dasa vIsa nI chiti / mati ApaNI kariu vicAra, mUli kaSAya vadhAraNa hAra // 2 // tasu anuvai hauo lAkhaNasIha, jinavara taNI tINa lopI lIha / caupapadI kIghau siddhAnta, kariu satAM saMsAra anaMta // 3 // ziNa vyAkaraNihi bAlAbodha, sUtra vAta be arapi virodha / karI caupar3A jaNa jaNa dayA, loka taNA tINa bhAvaji gayA // 4 // saM0 1617 jye. zu. 15 budhavAra ko kanakapurI meM racita hIrakalazakRta kumatividhvaMsaNa caupaI meM isa prakAra varNana milatA hai: iNa matinI saMbhaliyo Adi, gujara dezi ahamudA vAdi / luMukau lehau tihAM kiNi vasai, munivara parati likhai ahinisai // 91 / / pustaka likhI liyai muhamadI, sukhada samAdhI vasai tihAM sadI / eka divasa nisuNau tasu vAta, likhatAM pAnA choDiyA sAta / / 92 / / muNavara paratai dekhI cUka, lukA hAthi veThi kI bhUka / rIsANau lehau manamAhi, hu~kA mati maMDiu tiNi ThAhi // 93 // saMvata panaraha aTThotarai, jinapratimA pUjA pariharaha / Agama aratha avara pari kahai, iNa pari mithyAmati saMgrahai // 94 / / lakhamasIha tasu miliu sIsa, vakramatI nara bahulI rIsa / beu milI niSedhaha dAna, vinaya viveka na ASai dhyAna // 95 // panaraha sai cautIsai samai, guru viNi vesa dhAriyA anukramaha / saMghamAMhi tiNi kAraNi nahIM, vItarAga ima bolai sahI // 96 // digambara " bhadrabAhu caritra " meM isa prakAra likhA hai kiH mRte vikramabhUpAle, sahA vizaMtisaMyute / daza paMca zatAbdAnA-matIta zRNutA parama / /
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________________ 474 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka - pratha kAmamabhUdekaM lokaM dharmakarmaNaH / deze'tra gaurjarakhyAte, vidvatA jinanirjare // aNahillapattane ramye, kulajo'bhavat / kAbhidho mahAmAnI, zvetAMzukamatAzrayI // duSTAtmA duSTabhAvena kupitaH pApamaNDitaH / tIvramithyAta pAkena kAmatamakalpayatu | jina, jainAgama ( digambara yaha samIkSA pR. 13 ) digambara grantha kAmatanirAkaraNa jo sumatikIrttine kokAdA nagara meM saM. 1627 meM banAyA, usa meM likhA haiH - aNahilapura pATaNa gujarAta, mahAjana vasaha caurAsI nyAta | laghu sArakhI nyAte poravAr3a, loko seThi lIho chighAr3a // graMthasaMkhyA naI kAraNai baDhyau, jainayati suM bahu cir3abhaDayau / loke lahe kIdhA bheda, dharma tathA upajAyA cheda || zAstra jANe zvetAmbara taNA, kAlai bala dIghA ApaNA / pratimA pUjA chedyA dAna, dharmataNI tiNa kIdhI hANa || saMvata para satAvIsa, luMkA mata UpanA kahIsa | paData kAla thI AvyA pharaMga, phoja roga havo narabhaMga || isake bAda to saM. 1629 meM dharmasAgaropAdhyAyane pravacanaparIkSA evaM guNavinaya vAcaka ne laMkA mata nirAkaraNa caupAI meM bahuta vistAra se khaNDana kiyA hai / hama lekhavistArabhaya se pichale grantho meM jo jJAtavya milatA hai usako bhaviSya ke lie rakha kara yahAM kevala brahmakaviracita jinapratimA sthApana grantha ke AdhAra se thor3A paricaya prastuta kara rahe haiM / yaha grantha saM. 1607 ke kArtika sudi 13 ko racA gae hai| isa meM teraha adhikAra haiM / una meM laMkA mata kI utpatti, pArakhamata aura nayeluMke kA mAnyatAbheda Adi viSaya vizeSa mahattva ke haiM / luMkAmata - utpatti bahalAte hue kahA gayA hai saMvata para batIsa gayau, eka bhedamati tihAMthI thayau / ahamadAbAda nagara maMjhAri, luMkau mahato vasaI vicAri // akSara tasu AvaDatA malA, e chaha moTI pahalI kalA / likhata pustaka ghRNA posAli, karatau AjIvikA saMbhAli ||
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________________ aura jainAcArya luMkAzAha aura unake anuyaayii| 475 je karatA mahAtmA vakhANa, te sAMbhalatau buddhi vinANa / akSara khaMDo jANai artha, gAthA bhaNavaha teha samartha // ika divasa kAMI likhiyau kUr3a, thaI mahAtamA olaMmA mUr3a / ati kahatAM rIsANau ghaNau, phala dekhAdi krodhaha taNau // sakala jodhamAMhi moTo krodha, teha thakai na lahai pratibodha / krodha vasai je bhASai lavai, bhagavaMta kahaha kUr3I hubaha // tau paNi posalii nita jAi, kahivA AjIvikA upaai| manamohe cintai avasara lahI, bhikSA bhAMjau ehanI sahI / tau dekhIje harakhe AcAra, te gAthA nauM karai uddhAra / saMgha artha melI ati ghaNau, saMga tajaha te likhivA taNau // miliu tisi tehanai lakhamasI, tiNe bihuM bAta vimAsI isI / sUtre bolyau je AcAra, e pAsite nahIM ligAra // uparyukta samasta uddharaNoM kA samuccaya rUpa meM bhAvArtha yaha hai ki saM. 1475 ( vIra saMvat 1945) ke AsapAsa lukAsAha kA janma huaa| unakI jAti poravAr3a thii| pahale ghara kI avasthA acchI ho sakatI hai, para phira Arthika kamajorI A jAne se unhoMne apanI AjIvikA granthoM kI nakaleM kara calAnA AraMbha kiyaa| unake akSara sundara the / yati mahAtmAoM ke pAsa saM. 1508 ke lagabhaga vizeSa saMbhava hai ki ahamadAbAda meM lekhana kA kAma karate hue kucha vizeSa azuddhi Adi ke kAraNa unake sAtha bolacAla ho gii| vaise vyAkhyAnAdi zravaNa dvArA jaina sAdhvAcAra kI abhijJatA to thI hI aura yati mahAtmAoM meM zithilAcAra praviSTa ho cukA thaa| isa lie jaba yatijIne vizeSa upAlambha diyA to ruSTa ho kara unakA mAnabhaMga karane ke lie unhoMne kahA ki zAstra ke anusAra ApakA AcAra ThIka nahIM hai evaM logoM meM usa bAta ko pracArita kiyaa| isI samaya pArakha lakhamasI unheM milA aura usake saMyoga se yatiyoM ke AcArazaithilya kA vizeSa virodha kiyA gyaa| jaba yatiyoM meM sAdhu ke guNa nahIM haiM to unheM vandana kyoM kiyA jAya ! kahA gyaa| taba yatiyoMne kahA-"veSa hI pramANa hai / bhagavAna kI pratimA meM yadyapi bhagavAna ke guNa nahIM phira bhI vaha pUjI jAtI hai !" taba lukAzAhane kahA ki-"guNahIna mUrti ko mAnanA bhI ThIka nahIM aura usakI pUjA meM hiMsA bhI hotI hai / bhagavAnane dayA meM dharma kahA hai" isa prakAra apane mata kA pracAra karate hue kaI varSa bIta gaye / saM0 1527 aura saM0 1534 ke bIca vizeSa saMbhava saM0 1530-31 meM bhANA nAmaka vyakti svayaM dIkSita ho kara isa mata kA sarva prathama muni huaa| isake bAda
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pratha jina, jainAgama samaya ke pravAha se yaha mata bahuta phailatA gyaa| para saMgha kA netA jaisA vidvAn aura kuzala honA cAhie thA, na hone ke kAraNa alpa kAla meM hI kaI vibhinna matoM kI sRSTi to gayI / lagabhaga 100 varSa ke andara hI laMkA mata kI 13 zAkhAeM ho gayIM aura saM0 1613-29 ke bIca saiMkar3oM kI saMkhyA meM lukA mata ke sAdhu mUrtipUjaka sAdhu-saMgha meM A kara sammilita ho ge| unakI teraha zAkhAoM meM cAra vizeSa rUpa se prasiddha ho gayIM jinake anuyAyI Aja bhI vidyamAna haiN| para ve sabhI mUrtipUjA kA virodha tyAgakara pUrNa samarthaka bana gaye haiN| vAstava meM mAnava svabhAva hI mUrtipUjA kA samarthaka hai| amUrta bhAvoM ko viziSTa vyakti hI grahaNa kara sakate haiN| mUrti yA rUpa to saba ke lie prabhAvotpAdaka yA AkarSaka hai| acchI yA burI jisa cIja ke samparka meM hama Ate haiM, nimittavAsI AtmA hone se usa para tadanurUpa prabhAva par3atA hI hai| isalie kabIra Adi prAyaH sabhI mUrti virodhI saMpradAya aMta meM mUrti ko mAnya karane lage / lauM kAmata kI cAra pradhAna zAkhAeM haiN| unameM nAgaurI lauMkA kI do gahiyeM bIkAnera meM haiM, dUsarA gujarAtI lauMkAgaccha hai jisakI gaddI bar3audA va eka anya sthAna meM hai| tIsarA uttarAdhagaccha jo paMjAba yA uttara pradeza meM pracArita huaa| inakI paramparA ke saMbandha meM hamArA eka lekha prakAzita ho cukA hai| caturtha bIjAmata yA vijayagaccha hai jisake zrIpUjya koTA meM haiN| ina cAroM zAkhAoM kI mAnyatAoM meM kyA antara hai ? yaha jAnane ke sAdhana abhI prApta nahIM hue| kevala nAgaurI lukAgaccha ke samAcArI sambandhI eka grantha bIkAnera ke bar3e jJAnabhaNDAra meM dekhA gayA hai / isa gaccha kA prabhAva ajImagaMja Adi meM bhI rahA aura isa gaccha ke AcAryoM dvArA pratiSThita mUrtiye va pAdukAeM Adi bhI kaI sthAnoM meM prApta haiN| ___ brahmarSi ke prApta grantha meM lauMkAzAha ke kucha samaya pazcAt hI pArakhamatI aura nae lauMkoM meM jo matabheda huA usake kucha sUtra prApta hote haiN| unake anusAra pArakhamatI to dayAdharma ko pradhAnatA detA thA, isalie sAdhuoM kA nadI pAra honA Adi hiMsA honevAle kArya amAnya karatA thaa| para naye lauM kAmatI zAstrAjJA hone ke kAraNa kevala dayA dharma ko Age kara jinAjJA ko pradhAnatA na dene meM anaucitya samajhate the / isI prakAra kaI anya mAnyatAoM meM bhI purAne pArakhamatI lukA aura naye luMkAnuyAyioM meM matabheda thaa| lauMkAmatAnuyAyI pahale 45 Agama mUlarUpa se mAnate the| saM. 1540 ke likhe hue matapatra kI nakala hamAre saMgraha meM hai / usameM luMkAnuyAyI pAsA Adine apane hastAkSaroM se yaha svIkAra kiyA hai ki 45 AgamoM meM mUrtipUjA kA pATha dikhAne para hameM mAnya hogaa| usake Upara 45 AgamoM ke nAma va unakI zlokasaMkhyA likhI huI hai, para pIche se java mUrti
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________________ aura jainAcArya lukAzAha aura unake anuyAyI / 477 pUjaka saMpradAya ke vidvAnoM dvArA unake batalAye hue 45 AgamoM meM jo sthAna-sthAna para muurti| pUjA ke samarthaka pATha the unako jaba dikhAyA gayA taba unhoMne kucha jinAgamoM ko na mAnane kA koI bhI kAraNa milA yA jinake binA unakA kAma cala sakatA thA unakI mAnyatA chor3a dI gayI / 15 Agama meM 14 ko bAda dekara 31 kI mAnyatA huI aura kisIne unameM bhI do aura kama karake 29 hI mAnya rakhe / brahmaRSi viracita jinapratimAsthApana prabandha evaM pravacanaparIkSA meM 29 AgamoM kI mAnyatA kA ullekha hai, phira 3 aura mAnya kiye gaye aura aba sthAnakavAsI va terApaMthI saMpradAyoM meM 32 AgamoM kI mAnyatA hai / para yaha kaba se prAraMbha huI yaha anveSaNIya hai| ___ brahmarSi ne apane grantha meM aisI 101 bAtoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai jinheM 29 sUtroM ko hI mAnya rakhanevAloM ke lie mAnane kA koI AdhAra nahIM / bahuta sI yuktiyoM aura zaMkAoM ke gItArtha buddhi se samAdhAna isa prakAra kI racanAoM meM pracuratA se pAye jAte haiN| kaba-kaba kina-kina kAraNoM ko le kara sUtroM kI mAnyatA kA tAratamya aura kriyAkalApoM meM bheda-vibheda mA kara navIna sampradAyoM kA udgama aura vikAsa huA! Agama sUtra evaM paMcAnI mAnyatA evaM gurugama ke abhAva meM vizRGkhalatA kisa prakAra panapI ! ina saba bAtoM kA vaijJAnika rIti se adhyayana kara tathyoM ko prakAza meM lAnA paramAvazyaka hai| AzA hai vidvAna loga Aja ke yuga meM usa mahAzrutasamudra meM bhare ratnoM se adhikAdhika lAbha uThAne se vaJcita nahIM rheNge|
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________________ pU. upAdhyAya zrI meghavijayajI gumphitA ahaMdgItA panyAsa zrI ramaNIkavijayajI mahArAja / vItarAgadeva zrI mahAvIra-vardhamAnasvAmI ke ina zAsana ke paccIsau varSa taka haraeka zatAbdI meM aneka vidvAn jainAcArya aura munipuGgava hote rahe haiN| aThAravIM zatAbdI meM jo aneka vidvAn munipravara hue haiM, unameM uccakoTi ke vidvAn aura mahAkavi ke nAma se prasiddha upAdhyAya zrI meghavijayajI mahArAja kA viziSTa sthAna hai / upAdhyAya zrI meghavijayajI jagaprasiddha mugalasamrATa akabara ke pratibodhaka jagadguru zrI hIravijayasUrIzvarajI kI paraMparA meM hue haiN| unake dIkSAguru paMDita zrI kRpAvijayajI mahArAja the / tapAgacchIya AcAryapravara vijayadevasUri ke paTTadhara zrI vijayaprabhasUrine unako vAcaka-upAdhyAya kI padavI se alaMkRta kiyA thaa| itanA sahaja paricaya zrI meghavijayopAdhyAyajI ke svaracita graMthoM kI prazastioM meM prApta hotA hai| isase aisA anubhUta hotA hai ki ve zrI vijayaprabhamUri ke dharmasAmrAjya meM mukhyataH vidyamAna the| Aja unakI upalabdha kRtioM ko dekhane se jJAta hotA hai ki unakA pANDitya asAdhAraNa thA aura vaha sAhitya kI vividha dizAoM meM vyApta thaa| unhoMne vyAkaraNa, kAvya, chaMda, nyAya, darzana, kathAsAhitya, jyotiSa, sAmudrika, maMtra, yaMtra, adhyAtma Adi aneka viSaya ke graMthoM kI racanA kI hai / adhyAtmaviSayaka tIna graMthoM kI unhoMne racanA kI hai / (1) mAtRkApasAda (2) brahmabodha aura (3) ahNdgiitaa| ina tIna graMthoM meM se ahaMdgItA kA paricaya yahAM diyA jAtA hai| ___ brAhmaNa-paraMparA meM gItAgraMtha khyAtanAma hai jo mahAbhArata kA eka aMza hai / gItA meM aThAraha adhyAya haiM aura unakA anya nAma brahmavidyA nirUpaka yogazAstra hai| (" brahmavidyAyAM yogazAstre zrIkRSNArjunasaMvAde " ) gItA bhAratIya sAhitya kA utama graMtharatna hai, aisA sarva paMDitoM kA anumAna hai| __ jainetara paraMparA meM jo sAhitya viziSTa suprasiddha aura Atmazodhana Adi ke liye upayogI thA, jainetara sAhitya ke anukaraNarUpa jainAcAryoMne bhI vaisA aura vaise hI nAma ke sAhitya kA sRjana karane kA kabhI 2 prayatna kiyA hai| aise prayatnoM se ve sAkSara aura sAmAnya
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________________ 472 aura jainAcArya pU. upAdhyAya zrI meghavijayajI gumphitA ahaMdgItA / janatA taka apanA dharmopadeza pahu~cA sake haiN| isIkA sAkSya dekhanA ho to * vasudevahiMDI' nAmaka graMtha ko dekheN| isake atirikta aise anukaraNoM ko samajhAne ke liye AcArya zrI haribhadrasUri Adi ke svaracita dharmabindu, lalitavistarA Adi graMthoM tathA meghadUta ke anukaraNarUpa aura mAgha. kAvya Adi kI pAdapUrti jaise graMthoM tathA anya jaina kaI kaviyoM dvArA racita kaI-eka graMtha sAkSya meM prastutaM kiye jA sakate haiN| upAdhyAya zrI medhavijayajI bhI isI taraha kI pUrva guruparaMparAgata abhiruci se prAra Atmazodhana dRSTi se ahaMdgItA racane ko uttejita hote haiN| unhoMne bhI apanI kRti kA arhadgItA yA-tattvagItA yA bhagavadgItA nAma diyA hai| arhadgItA meM chattIsa adhyAya haiM / yaha zrIkRSNa kI gItA se dugunI hai / zrIkRSNa kI gItA meM 'zrI bhagavAn uvAca ' yA * zrI arjuna uvAca ' aise vAkya diye haiN| isa graMtha meM bhI 'zrI bhagavAn uvAca' aura 'zrI arjuna ke ' sthAna para 'zrI gautama uvAca' aise vAkya haraeka adhyAya ke prArambha meM hI prastuta haiM / gItA meM zrIkRSNa ke liye 'bhagavAn '-zabda prayukta kiyA gayA hai / ahaMdgItA meM zrI mahAvIrasvAmI ke liye 'bhagavAn ' zabda prayukta kiyA gayA hai| zrI kRSNa kI gItA meM pRcchaka ' arjuna' zrI kRSNa kA paramamitra hai| prastuta gItA meM zrI 'indrabhUti-gautama' zrI mahAvIrasvAmI ke mukhya aura priya ziSya haiM / ina chattIsa adhyAyoM meM jJAnasAdhana tathA kriyAsAdhana aise AdhyAtmika viSayoM kI carcA hai / carcA meM samaya prasaMgocita bhinna-bhinna darzanoM kA samanvaya aura adhikatara vedAnta kA samanvaya tathA -- OM namaH siddhaH' isa ukti kI nAnA rUpa se udbodhanA dI gaI hai| isase Age bar3ha kara jyotiSa, sAmudrika, tithivicAra, AyurvedikavicAra aura nayoM kA nirUpaNa Adi vividha viSayoM kI carcA isI gItA meM kI hai / ina saba viSayoM kA vistRta paricaya na dete hue saMkSepa meM hI graMtha kI mukhya-mukhya vizeSatA aura inameM nirUpita bAteM hI mukhyatayA yahA~ batAne kI dhAraNA hai| 1 dekhiyeM 'vasudevahiMDI' madhyamakhaMDa prathamapatra : unameM jo ullekha haiM unakA sArAMza yahI hai ki nalarAjA, nahuSarAjA, rAma, rAvaNa, janamejaya, kaurapAMDavoM Adi kI kathAoM meM loga prIti-zraddhA rakhate haiM / prAkRta dharmakathAoM ko suna kara bhI loga unameM . abhiruci nahIM batAte haiM / ataH rasika logoM ke liye zRMgArakathAzailI ke avalambana se dharma ko samajhAne kI buddhi se zRMgArapradhAna kathAeM likhI jAtI haiM / kAmakathA meM rasika loga pUchate haiM ki uttama kAmabhoga kI keta prApti kara zake ? unako pratyuttara zRMgArapradhAna zailI meM hI diyA jAtA hai| aura vaha yahI hai ki-kasala cAritryake AcaraNa se uttama kAmabhoga upalabdha kara sakate haiN|
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________________ 480 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha jina, jaimAgama Rgveda ke pratyeka maMtra ke zira para maMtra kA RSi, chaMda Adi batAyA hai| vaise hI arhadgItA ke prAraMbha meM arhadgItA kA RSi gautama hai, chaMda anuSTupa hai, deva sarvajJa jina paramAtmA hai / " prApte'pi nRbhave yatnaH kAryaH" ityAdi isa gItA kA kIlaka hai / taduparAMta jagaha-jagaha vaidika maMtra kI taraha vasad, svadhA, svAhA, Adi maMtrAkSaroM kA prayoga upAdhyAya zrI meghavijayajIne kiyA hai| yadyapi arhada gItA zrI meghavijayajI upAdhyAyane apane Apa kI (svayaM) kalpanA se udbhAvita kI hai aura racI hai| itanA hote hue bhI unhoMne namrabhAva se apanI isa racanA kA zrI gautamasvAmI ke mukha meM praznarUpa meM aura zrI mahAvIrasvAmI ke mukha meM pratyuttara rUpa se Ayojana kiyA hai| jaina paraMparA meM kitane hI aise prAcIna arvAcIna graMthakAra ho gaye haiM jinhoMne natra bhAva se apanI racanA ko zrI mahAvIrasvAmI ke mukha se zabdAtIta kI hai| prastuta gItA graMtha meM zrI meghavijayajIne uparyukta pUrva guruparaMparA kI paddhati svIkRta kI hai| u. zrI meghavijayajI apanI isa kRti ke bAre meM kahate haiM kiH" zrIvIreNa vibodhitA bhagavatA zrIgautamAya svayaM, sUtreNa grathitendrabhUtimuninA sA dvAdazAMgyAM parAm / advaitAmRtavArSiNI bhagavatI patriMzadadhyAyinI, mAtastvAM manasA dadhAmi bhagavadgIte ! bhavadveSiNIm " // 1 // [a. gItA pa. 3] arthAt-bhagavAna mahAvIra svayaMne gautama ko chattIsa adhyAyayukta aura advaitAmRta rasa ko bahAnevAlI arhadgItA yA bhagavadgItA kahI hai aura zrI indrabhUti munine isako dvAdazAMgI meM sUtrarUpa se guMphita kI hai| itanA likhane ke bAda unhoMne gItA ko mAtA kahakara usakA dhyAna kiyA hai / upara batAye hue zloka ke anta meM batAyA hai ki iti parasamayamArgapaddhatyA zAstraprajJAzrutadevadAvatAraH // isa taraha paramata kI paddhati ke anusAra zAstraprajJArUpa zrutadevatA kA AvirbhAva huA samajhanA caahie| 2. OM asya zrIarhadgItAkhyaparamAgamabIjamaMtrarUpasya sakalazAstrarahasyabhUtasya zrIgautamaRSiH, anuSTupchaMdaH, zrIsarvajJo jinaH paramAtmA devatA, prApte'pi nRbhave yatnaH kAryaH prANabhRtA tathA, iti bIjam , yenAtmA''tmanyavasthAtA tad vairAgyaM prazasyate iti zaktiH, amukto'pi, kramAnmukto nizcayAt syAdanicchayA iti kIlakam // [ahaMdagItA. pana 1
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________________ aura jainAcArya pU. upAdhyAya zrI meghavijayajI gumphitA ahaMdgItA / 481 isameM saba milakara chattIsa adhyAya haiN| inameM caudahase solaha adhyAyoM kA brahmakANDa nAma diyA hai| aura satraha se chattIsa adhyAyoM kA karmakANDa nAma diyA hai| ekase teraha adhyAyoM kA sAmAnya adhyAya nAma diyA hai| isa gItA meM mukhyataH vivecanA isa prakAra hai| cauthe adhyAya ke 19 veM zloka meM dikhAyA hai ki kisIbhI apekSA se Azrava bhI saMvara ho jAtA hai aura kisI apekSA taka saMvara bhI Azrava ho jAtA hai " saMvaraH syAdAzravo'pi saMvaro'pyAzravAya te / jJAnAjJAnaphalaM caitanmithyA samyakzrutAdivat // 19 // " graMthakArane isI vivecana meM pradhAnatayA viveka ko ( mukhya ) sthAna diyA hai| vinA viveka saMvara Azrava hotA hai aura saviveka Azrava bhI saMvara ho jAtA hai, aisA unakA kahane kA tAtparya hai / unakA yaha kathana jaina siddhAMta se pUrNataH aviruddha hai| yaha haraeka vivekazIla kI samajha meM A sakatA hai| 6 veM adhyAya ke paMdrahaveM zloka meM dharma ko amRtarUpa batAyA hai "vAtaM vijayate jJAnaM darzanaM pittavAraNam / kaphanAzAya caraNaM dharmastenAmRtAyate // 15 // " isa ukti ko samajhAte huye ve kahate haiM ki-jJAna vAtadoSa ko parAjita karatA hai| darzana pitaroga ko nivAratA hai aura cAritrya kaphadoSa naSTa karatA hai| ina dRSTiyoM se dharma ko amRtarUpa batAyA hai| granthakArane jo jJAna-darzana-cAritrya ko vAta-pitta-kapha ko nivAranevAle batAye haiM, yaha vastusthiti gahana ciMtana se satya pratIta hotI hai| kyoMki vAtaprakRtiyukta prANI meM jJAna kama mAtrA meM hI hotA hai| jaise buddhizakti bar3hatI jAtI hai vaise hI vAtaprakRti zithila hotI jAtI hai / isI taraha jisa prANI meM darzanamoha ho usameM krodhAdi kaSAya adhikatara dRSTigocara hote haiN| kaSAya aura pitta aMzataH samAna prakRti haiN| samyag darzana se pitta zithila hotA hai / pariNAma yaha hotA hai ki cAritryazIla prANI anuSThAna kI ora pratikSaNa kriyAzIla rahatA hai aura aisA hone se usakI jar3atAvardhaka kaphaprakRti zithila hotI jAtI hai| isI taraha granthakAra jJAnAdi tIna guNoM kA tathA vAtAdi tIna doSoM kA pArasparika saMbaMdha sthApita karate haiN| yaha niSkarSa unhoMne svayaM anubhava se prApta kiyA hai aisA kaha sakate haiM, kyoMki aisA ullekha
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________________ 482 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha jina, jainAgama hamane anya granthoM meM nahIM dekhA haiM aura na sunA bhI haiN| upAdhyAyajI kA yaha vivecana apUrva evaM navIna rIti kA hai, lekina yaha kathana pUrNataH satya hai isameM koI saMdeha nahIM hai| adhyAya 14 zloka 6 se 8 meM upara batAyI huI bAta kA punaH nirUpaNa hai| ve likhate haiM ki "jJAnAvaraNasaMjJeyo vAtaH siddhAntavAdinAm / pittamAyuH sthitervAcye nAmakarma kaphAtmakam // 6 // raktAdhikyena pittena mohaprakRtayo'khilAH / darzanAvaraNaM raktakaphasAMkaryasambhavam // 7 // tattadvikArajaM vedyaM gotraM pittakaphAtmakam / antarAyaH sannipAtAdeSAM vikRtikAraNam // 8 // " saiddhAntikoM ke mata anusAra jJAnAvaraNa vAta doSa hai, AyuSya sthiti kA nAma pitta doSa hai aura nAmakarma kapharUpa hai / jahA~ jisa meM rakta kI AdhikyatA hai vahA~ pitta prakRti se sarva mohaprakRtiyA~ udita hotI haiM / vAta aura kapha kA saMmizritabhAva darzanAvaraNa hai aura anuvikAroM se honevAlI sukha duHkha kI anubhUti vedanIya hai / gotrakarma pitta-vAta-kapharUpa hai| vAta-pitta-kapha ke sannipAtarUpa aMtarAyakarma ina tInoM vikRtiyoM kA kAraNabhUta banatA hai| isI lIye sabhI bhAvoM kA nirUpaNa kara ke maiMne upara batAyA hai / isI bAhya aura aMtara hetu se aura prayatna se mana ko nirAgrahI karane kA AtmArthI puruSa ko yatna karanA caahiye| uparyukta kathana meM u. zrI meghavijayajIne jJAnAvaraNIya Adi karma aura vAta-pitta-kapha Adi doSo meM jo saMbaMdha sthApita kiyA hai vaha eka azrutapUrva hai| lekina gahana ciMtana se unakA yaha kathana kisI bhI anubhavI jJAnI aura AtmArthI kI kasauTI para se abhijJa ho jAya aisA hai / unakI isa ukti se spaSTa dikhAyI paDatA hai ki AdhyAtmika zuddhi ke pAraga jijJAsu deha ko duzmana samajheM aura Arogya saMyama kI ArAdhanA meM anukUla ho sake aisI caryA hI sAvadhAnI se unako nirvAhita karanI cAhiye / spaSTa yaha hai ki vAta-pitta-kapha saMbhUta viSamatA ko miTAnA jarUrI hai aura isa uddeza ke liye AhArazuddhi para vizeSa dhyAna dene kI jarUrata hai| unake kahane kA tAtparya aisA pratIta hotA hai ki AtmA kI svasthatA mana ke Arogya para nirbhara hai aura vahI Arogya deha ke Arogya kA kAraNa hai| AThaveM adhyAya ke unnIsaveM zloka meM zauca viSayaka Adeza karate huye ve kahate haiM " zaucaM ca dravyamAvAbhyAM yathArhatA smRtam / / asvAdhyAyaM nigadatA dazadhaudArikodbhavam // 19 // "
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________________ aura jainAcArya pU. upAdhyAya zrI meghavijayajI gumphitA aIdgItA / 483. arhanta bhagavAnane daza prakAra ke asvAdhyAya kA nirdeza kiyA hai| isase pratIta hotA hai ki bhagavAnane dravyazauca aura bhAvazauca ina donoM ko svIkRta kiyA hai| dravyazauca aura bhAvazauca ina donoM kI sApekSatA kA jaina zAsana meM sahaja bhI kama mUlya nahIM hai / dravyazauca, pAnI-miTTi Adi se bAhyazuddhi aura bhAvazauca, dhyAna-ciMtana se Atmazuddhi / brahmakANDa ke paMdrahave adhyAya ke paMdrahave zloka meM upAdhyAyajIne kahA hai ki " jainA api dravyamekaM prapannA jagatItale / dharmo'dharmo'stikAyo vA tathaikyaM brahmaNe matam // 15 // " sApekSarUpa se vicAra karate jaina sammata dravyavAda aura vedAnta sammata brahmavAda donoM eka samAna hI haiN| itanA kahakara ve vedAnta aura jaina darzana kA pArasparika sAmaJjasya sthApita karate haiN| ve anyonya ke sarjanAtmaka aura niSedhAtmaka vivAda meM pagaraNa nahIM krte| lekina una donoM kI sammati darzAte haiN| isI saMgati se unakA mAnasika udAra Azaya Apa hI pradarzita hotA jAtA hai / karmakANDa ke aThArahaveM adhyAya ke zloka sAtameM ve spaSTa rUpa se kahate haiM ki " dravyakSetrakAlabhAvA'pekSayA bahudhA sthitiH / AcArANAM dRzyase'sau na vAdastatra sAdaraH // 7 // " AcAroM kI bhinnatA, vidha-vidha kriyAoM kI bhinnatA aura nAnA prakAra kI anuSThAna bhinnatAoM kI mahattA sthApita karane kI nahIM hai aura unapara carcA karanA ucita nahIM hai| AcAra-kriyA Adi anuSThAna kI jo bhinnatA dikhAyI paDatI hai vaha dravya-kSetra-kAla aura bhAva kI apekSA se dikhAyI paDatI ha / isalIye kisI bhI AtmArthI ko svayaM Atmazuddhi ko choDakara unake vAdavivAda ke cakkara meM par3e yaha AdaraNIya nahIM hai| unakA yaha vicAra unake hI samaya meM lAbhadAyI thA, itanA hI nahIM, barake vartamAna yuga meM bhI vahI vicAra hama saba ke liye itanA hI lAbhadAyI hai / isI pUrvavartI vANI-vicAra se saMpRkta rahakara hama saba milakara zakya satpravRtti kareMge to sarva ke liye zreyaskara hogaa| upAdhyAyajIne 19 ve adhyAya ke zloka 11-12 meM upaniSada kI eka aisI hI sundara ukti kA vivecana kiyA hai / vaha ukti yaha hai " AtmA vA aho zrotavyaH mantavyo nididhyAsitavyaH / " . isakA jaina dRSTi se vivecana karate samaya zravaNa, manana aura nididhyAsana kise kahanA, isake saMbaMdha meM unhoMne adbhUta vivecana kiyA hai
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________________ 484 bhIma vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha jina, jainAgama " zrotavyazcApi mantavyaH sAkSAtkAryazca bhAvanaH / jIvo mAyAvinirmuktaH sa eva paramezvaraH // 11 // zrotavyo'dhyayanaireva mantavyo bhAvanAdinA / nididhyAsanamasyaiva sAkSAtkArAya jAyate // 12 // " karmakANDarUpa 27 veM adhyAya ke 15 veM zloka meM upAdhyAyajIne sahaja hI udAra bhAva se 'jina' aura 'ziva' donoM kI ekarUpatA kA samarthana kiyA hai / samarthana kI unakI zailI adbhuta aura nirAlI hai / ve kahate haiM ki " evaM jinaH zivo nAnyo nAmni tulye'tra mAtrayA / ___ sthAnAdiyogAjazayonavayozcaikyabhAvAt // 15 // " arthAt-jina kA 'ja' aura 'i' tathA ziva kA 'za' aura 'i' donoM kA tAlavyasthAna hai, tathA jina kA 'na' aura ziva kA 'va' donoM kA daMtavyasthAna samAna hai aura unake anunAsika sthAna bhI samAna haiN| isa taraha 'jina' aura 'ziva' donoM samAnArthI haiM aura zabdadRSTi se bhI donoM samAna haiN| isa liye 'jina' aura 'ziva' ke bIja meM kisI bhI taraha kI bhinnatA upasthita karane kI nahI hai / unakI yaha tulanA maulika evaM apUrva, azruta bhAMti kI hai aura vAcaka varga ko sahaja hI kutuhaladAyI bhI hai, aisA hamArA anumAna hai| isI hI adhyAya ke 18 ve zloka meM zvetAmbara kI taraha digambara muni kI pavitratA ko bhI ve mAnate haiM aura use hRdayAtIta karane ko hamako sUcita karate haiM / unakA kahanA haiM ki bAhyaliGga mukhya nahIM, gauNa hai / jahA~ pavitratA kA sthAna hai vahA~ sAdhAraNatayA sAdhutA hai hI aura vaha vaMdanIya bhI hai| " zvetAmbaradharaH saumyA zuddha kazcinnirambaraH / kAruNya puNyaH sambuddhaH zAntaH zAntaH zivo muniH / / 18 // " 9 veM adhyAya ke zloka 13 aura 14 meM ve batAte haiM ki jinakI aisI dhAraNA hai ki lakSmI aura sarasvatI donoM meM vaimanasya hai, unakI dhAraNA mUlabhUta hI nirAdhAra hai / lakSmI jJAnadharma ko grahaNa karanevAle puruSa ke hI vaza hotI hai| kyoMki jJAnI niSpApa hai, niSpApa hone se jJAnI puruSottamarUpa hote haiM / lakSmI aise puruSottamasvarUpa sarasvatIsaMpanna jJAnI ko hI niHsaMdeha upalabdha hotI hai / lakSmI aura sarasvatI ke bIca meM vaimanasya hai, aisA anumAna karanA yogya nahIM hai
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________________ aura jainAcArya pU. upAdhyAya zrI meghavijayajI gumphitA arhadgItA / 485 " vairaM lakSmyAH sarasvatyA naitat prAmANikaM vacaH / jJAnadharmabhRto vazyA lakSmIne jaDarAgiNI // 13 // jJAnI pApAd viratibhAga yaH sa vai puruSottamaH / tasyaiva vallabhA lakSmIH sarasvatyeva dehabhAk " // 14 // ahaMdgItA meM carcita viSaya vAcaka ko AkarSita kara sakeM isa dRSTi se unakA saMkSipta paricaya yahA~ yathAmati dene kA prayatna hI hamane kiyA hai| aMtima 36 veM adhyAya ke zloka 20 meM unhoMne apanA nAma sUcita kiyA hai " chaMdovizAradairevadarzi zivazarmaNe / dharmastasmAnityasukha zrImeghavijayodayaH // 20 // " yaha pustaka mUlataH dhUliyA ( pazcima khAnadeza ) se patrAkAra meM chapAyA huA hai| yadyapi chapAI suMdara hai, parantu usameM azuddhi kI mAtrA bahuta hI haiM / koI vivekI vidvAn isI graMtha kA zuddha rUpa se pUrNa zrama, samaya aura yogyatA lagA kara punaH saMpAdana kare aura usakA vartamAna bhASA meM vivecana kare to yaha pustaka mahad upayogI ho sake aisI saMbhAvanA hai|
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________________ AcArya zrI rAjendrasUrijI kI jJAnopAsanA zrI agaracanda nAhaTA jaina darzana meM AtmA kA lakSaNa batalAte hue kahA gayA hai ki jisameM jJAna, darzana, cAritra, tapa, vIrya aura upayoga ho usIkA nAma jIva hai aura isIlie ina Asmika guNoM kA paripUrNa vikAsa hI AtmA kI carama upalabdhi hai| tatvArtha sUtra ke prathama sUtra meM hI mokSa mArga ko batalAte hue " samyagdarzanajJAnacAritrANi mokSamArgaH" sUtra diyA hai| ina guNoM ko AcchAdita karanevAle karmoM ke kAraNa hI anAdikAla se prANI saMsAra meM paribhramaNa kara rahe haiN| jitane 2 aMza meM ina guNoM kA vikAsa hotA jAyagA, AcchAdita karanevAle karmoM kA upazama, kSayopazama aura kSaya hotA jaaygaa| mAnava meM ina guNoM ke vikAsa kI sabase adhika sambhAvanA hai| isIlie mAnavagati ke binA mokSa prApta nahIM hotA, kahA gayA hai| pratyeka mAnava kA kartavya hai ki apanI AtmA ke ina guNoM ke adhikAdhika vikAsa karane kA pUrA prayatna kare / __ jaina muniyoM kA jIvana jJAna, darzana, cAritra kI sAdhanAmaya hI hai| saba se pahale manuSya kI dRSTi yAnI zraddhA samyak honI cAhie / phira jo kucha vaha jAnatA hai usake anusAra heyopAdeyapUrvaka jIvana honA cAhie / jo bAteM Atmika guNoM kA ghAta karane. vAlI haiM unakA tyAga kareM aura una guNoM ke vikAsa meM jo sahAyaka hoM unhe grahaNa kreN| jJAna ke binA manuSya andhA hai, kyoM ki use hita aura ahita kA viveka nahIM hotA / jJAna sva-paraprakAzaka hai| vaha jise prApta hai; usakA to kalyANa hai hI, para usake dvArA jagata ke jIvoM ko bhI prakAza milatA hai / jJAna ananta hai / use 5 prakAra kA batalAyA gayA hai| jisameM mati aura zruta parokSa jJAna haiM, avadhi aura manaparyava deza pratyakSa haiM, aura kaivalyajJAna pUrNataH pratyakSa hai aura vahI jJAna kA paripUrNa vikAsa hai / paMcama kAla meM pichale tIna jJAna prApta nahIM haiM, pahale ke do hI haiM / ina meM se zruta jJAna kA mahAtmya vizeSa rUpa se varNita kiyA gayA hai, kyoM ki Aja mokSa kI sAdhanA kA AdhAra yahI raha gayA hai / usa jJAna ko vizeSa jJAniyoM kI paramparA milI huI hai, isI lie zrutajJAnI kevalajJAnI samAna taka kahA gayA hai / kevalajJAnI jagata ke svarUpa ko pratyakSa rUpa se jAnatA hai aura zrUtajJAnI usa ke dekhe aura batalAye hue svarUpa ko parokSa rUpa se jAnatA hai| kheda hai ki (62)
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________________ aura jainAcArya AcArya zrI rAjendrasUrijI kI shaanopaasnaa| 487 Aja zrutajJAna bhI bahuta hI thor3e meM baca pAyA hai| dRSTivAda, 14 pUrva Adi kA jJAna to lupta hI ho gayA hai / jo kucha baca pAyA hai usakA vistAra bhI Aja hama jaise manda buddhiyoM ke lie kama nahIM hai / upalabdha zAstroM kA svAdhyAya aura manana nididhyAsana hama nahIM kara pA rahe haiM / jinakA zAstrIya anubhava evaM jJAna gaMbhIra haiM va apane jJAna kA prakAza dUsaroM taka phailA rahe haiM ve mahApuruSa dhanya haiM / AcArya rAjendrasUrijI una mahApuruSoM meM haiM jinakA jIvana jJAna kI akhaNDa upAsanA meM lIna thaa| cAritra ke sAtha unakA jJAnavala bahuta hI tejasvI thA / apane jIvana meM unhoMne karIba 61 pranthoM kI racanA kii| prAkRta, saMskRta Adi bhASAoM kA aura vyAkaraNa, zabdazAstra va siddhAnta Adi aneka viSayoM kA unakA jJAna bahuta hI gambhIra thaa| tabhI to ve abhidhAna rAjendrakoza jaise mahAn grantha kA nirmANa kara sake / eka grantha bhI unako amara banAne ke lie kAphI hai| para unakI to jJAnopAsanA vividha kSetroM meM gatimAna rahI hai| janasAdhAraNa ke lie bahuta se granthoM kI unhoMne apanI priya bhASA mAlavI aura gujarAtI meM racanA kI / padyabaddha rAsa Adi banAe aura gadya meM bAlAvabodha Adi TIkAe~ kii| isI prakAra saMskRta meM bhI inhoMne kaI grantha va aneka stotra Adi bnaaye| pUjya yatIndrasUrijI kI sUcanA anusAra Apa ke racanAoM kI sUcI isa prakAra hai: AcAryazrI ke racita mudrita grantha prantha nAma racanA saM0 grantha nAma racanA saM0 1 paryuSaNASTAhikA vyAkhyAna ( mAravADI 10 akSayatRtIyA kathA ( gadya bhASAntara.....1927 saMskRta )x 1938 2 caityavaMdana jina caturviMzatikA+ 1928 11 bhI kalpasUtra bAlAvabodha 1946 3 jinastuti caturviMzatikA+ ....1928 12 Avazyaka vidhigarbhita zAntinAtha 4 jina stavana caturvizatikA+ ....1928 ___stavana+ 1942 5 dhanasAra kumAra copAI 1932 13 gacchAcAra payannA bhASAntara 1 1944 6 aghaTakumAra copAI 1932 14 tattvaviveka ( tattvatrayasvarUpa) 1945 7 ekasau ATha bola kA thokar3A 1934 15 viharamANa jinacatuSpadI* 1946 8 praznottara puSpavATikA (mAravAr3I 16 paMca saptatizata sthAna catuSpadI 1946 bhASA) 1936 17 puMDarikAdhyayana sajjhAya+ 1946 9 sakalaizvarya (viharamAna jina) 18 sAdhuvairAgyAcAra sajjhAya+ 1946 stotra 1936 19 zrInavapada siddhacakra pajA 1950
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka - pratha Pa 20 tevIsa padavI vicAra sajjhAya - 1953 29 copar3a khelanasvarUpa sajjhAya - 1953 22 comAsI devavaMdana savidhi 23 jJAnapaMcamI devavaMdana savidhika 24 navapada olI devavaMdana savidhi1953 25 kalpasUtrArthaprabodhinI 1954 26 jinopadezamaMjarI kathAtmaka 1954 27 zrIkezariyAnAtha vinati stavana - 1954 28 vagacchIya maryAdA paTTaka 1956 amudrita grantha 1916 1929 1935 1941 1950 1951 1951 1 holikA prabaMdha sAra 2 siddhAntaprakAza ( khaMDanAtmaka ) 3 kalyANamaMdira stotra prakriyAvRtti 4 siddhAnta bola sAgara 5 AsakadazAGga sUtra bhASAntara 6 svarodaya jJAna yaMtrAvalI 1953 1953 7 upadezaratnasAra gadya saMskRta 8 dIpamAlikA kathA gadya saMskRta 9 kharparataskara prabaMdha gadya saMskRta 10 uttamakumAropanyAsa gadya saMskRta 11 savvagAhA payaraNa ( suktisaMgraha ) 12 munipati rAjarSi copAI 13 trailokyadISikA 14 catuHkarmagrantha akSarArtha 15 paMcAkhyAna kathAsAra gadya saMskRta jina, jainAgama 29 rajaHparvaNi holikA kathA gadya saMskRta 30 zrI abhidhAna rAjendra ( prAkRta, 31 prAkRta zabda rUpAvalIx mAgadhI, saMskRta koza ) 1960 1960 1961 1961 32 prAkRta vyAkaraNa vyAkRtix 33 dIpamAlikA devavaMdana vidhi 34 zrImahAvIra paMcakalyANaka pUjA 1962 35 kamalaprabhA zuddha rahasya 1963 36 prabhu stavana sudhAkara ( chuTaka 2 stavanAdi) 16 Sar3Avazyaka - akSarArthaM 17 dvASaSThi mArgaNA yaMtrAvalI 2000 18 pAiyasaddambuhI koza ( prAkRta zabda, saMskRtAnuvAda, vibhaktinirdeza aura saMskRta artha ) 19 sArasvata vyAkaraNa sAdhanikA bhASATIkA 20 kartturIpsitatamaM karma zloka vyAkhyA 21 saptatizatasthAna - yaMtrAvalI 22 jambudvIpaprajJapti sUtra - bIjaka sUci 23 dhAtupAThataraMga ( padyabaddha ) 24 SaDdravya- vicAra bhASA 25 ghaSTra copAI 26 nItizikSA-dvaya paccIsI 27 kAmadhenusAriNI 1933 1927 1955 ,, '+' isa cihnavAle grantha " 6 ,, prabhustatrana sudhAkara meM, * isa cihnavAle graMtha " paMcasaptatizatasthAnaka catuSpadI " meM 'X' isa cihnavAle graMtha ' abhidhAna rAjendrakoza ke prathama bhAga meM aura '' isa cihnavAle graMtha devavaMdanamAlA meM mudrita haiM /
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________________ 489 aura jainAcArya AcArya zrI rAjendrasUrijI kI jnyaanopaasnaa| prantha nirmANa ke sAtha sAtha Apane bahuta se granthoM kI nakaleM bhI kii| aisI kaI pratiyA~ Ahora ke rAjendrasUri jainAgama jJAnabhaNDAra meM haiM / Apane prAcIna pratiyoM ke saMrakSaNa kA bhI bar3A prayatna kiyA aura bahuta se granthoM kI nakaleM karavA kara bhI apane bhaNDAroM me rkhiiN| Apa ke saMsthApita 7 bhaNDAra mAlave meM aura 5 bhaNDAra mAravAr3a meM hone kI sUcanA pUjya yatIndrasUrijI se milI hai| mAlave meM 1 kukSI, 2 rAjagar3ha, 3 Ali. rAjapura, 4 bar3anagara, 5 ratalAma, 6 jAvarA aura 7 khAcaroda aura mAravAr3a meM 8 Ahora, 9 jAlora, 10 bAgarA, 11 siyANA tathA 12 zIvagaMja me haiN| inameM se 11 bhaNDAra va unake sUcIpatra to mere avalokana meM nahIM Aye, para Ahora kA bhaNDAra kaI varSa pahale maiMne svayaM vahA~ jAkara dekhA thA aura usakA sUci-patra bhI phira ma~gavA kara dekhA hai / yaha jJAna-bhaNDAra bahuta hI mahatvapUrNa hai / karIba 250 baNDaloM meM 3500 hastalikhita pratiyA~ aura karIba 4000 mudrita pustakeM haiM / hastalikhita pratiyoM meM kaI anyatra aprApta grantha bhI haiM / kaI varSoM pUrva maiMne pallIvAla gaccha paTTAvalI va huMDikA nAmaka eka bRhad grantha maMgavA kara nakala karavAI thii| inakI pratiyA~ anyatra nahIM miltii| huDikA kharatara gaccha ke upAdhyAya guNavinaya dvArA saMgrahIta karIba 12000 zlokoM kA eka bar3A saMgraha hai| 288 patroM meM mUla aura 8 patroM meM usakI sacI (svayaM guNavinaya upAdhyAya kI likhI) hai| saM. 1657 se ruNA meM yaha saMprahagrantha banAyA gayA aura isakA bIjaka medanItaTa (mer3atA) meM likhA gayA / abhI maiMne isa bhaNDAra kI kucha aura bhI pratiyA~ maMgavAkara dekhI / unameM khara. taragacchIya jinaprabhasUri zAkhA ke rAjahaMsagaNIracita "jinavacana ratnakoza" nAmaka alabhya grantha dekhane meM aayaa| saM. 1525 meM 1875gAthAvAlA yaha saMgraha grantha 43 viSayoM kI gAthAoM ke saMgraharUpa hai| isakA Adi anta, Adi kucha vivaraNa nIce diyA jA rahA hai:Adi-siri vaddhamANa pAe, surAsura namaMsie paNami uNa / jiNa nayaNa rayaNakosaM, pagaraNameyaM bhaNissAmi // 1 // egArasa aMgAI, bArauvaMgAi sapahanAyA cattAri / mUla chayeya naMdi aNu uga paNayAlA // 2 // saMsatI nijjutI bhAso vasudevahiMDi saMgahaNI / vivahArakappa cunnI, virsesa AvassayAIyA // 3 // uvae samAla bahu puSpamAla, saMdeha dola Avalie / pavayaNa sArudvAre sadvisae piMDavizuddhIe // 4 //
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________________ sara bhImad vijayarAjendra ri-smAraka-praya jina, jainAgama siddhata paNa raNANaM ee siuM ahA jiNa diddN| taM sabamihaM vutthe AlAvuddhAra gAhAhiM // 5 // rayaNataya 1 mitthataM 2 vaya 3 samaI 4 guti 5 gaiTTi 6 jhANe 7 / chakAyarakkha 8 lesA 9 jiNapUA 10 sattakhitAya 11 // 6 // AyaraNa maNAyaNayaM 12 jiNamatI 13 aTTa kammapayaDIla 14 / pAsasthAI saMgo 15 apasatthapasattha sa uNAI 16 // 7 // cuviha dhamma 17 pamAyA 18 chaviha mAvasmayaM 19 veyatiyaM 20 / setujjha tittha 21 aTThAvayaM ca 22 puNapaMcapadIya 23 // 8 // dhamANa majIyataM 24 saMsAravirAga 25 sulaha bohitaM 26 / kapAkappaM piMDaM 27 sAmaya aTThAhiyA 28 baMbha 29 // 9 // bhakkhAbhakkhaM 30 vivahAranicchayaM 31 tahaya sugurU viNayaMtra 32 / cusaraNa 33 namukkAro 34 susIsa dussIsa pariNAmo 35 // 10 // sAmAyArIdasahA 36 maraNaM duvihaM ca 37 rAgadoso ya 38 / AlovaNa 39 ppayAvaNa 40 ANA 41 ArAhaNA 42 jayaNA 43 // 11 // siri kharatagaja nahayala, nahamaSi jiNatilayamUrisIsassa / siri harakhatilayagurUNo, guNagaNagurUNo susIseNa // 12 // siri rAjahaMsagaNipai emAiti cattadAra vitthAraM / aNukama so bho bhavA kihiljha mANaM nisAmeha // 13 // caraNakaraNANu je mo dhammakahA gaNiya dava aNuiyo / ee jahattha namo aNu ugA iMti cattAri // 14 // aMta-piMDaniyukto yatanAdvAraM / jiNavayaNa rayaNakosaM, supagaraNaM je pahu~ti pAIti / te kammarayavi mukkA, bhavA gacchaMti siddhigaI // 19 // te attaNohi esIjo, sammaM sadahei eyaMpi / / abussu utijjhAyai, bahussuu tiva saMvego // 20 // pagaraNameyaM succA, jassa na jAyaM tujA aberagAM / naya udyamoya dhamme, taM jANi aNaMtasaMsArI // 21 // samaNagaNa saMgha pujA, bhaviya jaNa kamala vohaNe sunyjaa| jinarAjasUri pUjyA pAliya niravaja pavajA // 22 //
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________________ zrI rAjendrasUri dharma kriyA-prArthanA maMdira. vi. saM. 2007. Ahora (mAravAr3a-rAjasthAna)
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________________ vAjavajanAnAmAbAdAbAnAbhAMDAraADhoravAyA jAtIzapa CRICE zrI rAjendra dharmakriyA-prArthanA maMdirastha Ahora (mAravAr3a-rAjasthAna ) meM vinirmita zrI rAjendra jainAgama bRhad jJAnabhaNDAra. vi. saM. 1959.
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________________ aura jainAcArya AcArya zrI rAjendrasUrijI kI zAnopAsanA / nijiya bahu buhavAyA vigayapamAyA sayAhuyakkhANA / jinarAjasUri pAyA havaMtu, te suppasAyA me // 23 // niya sIsa vaggakaje aNorarAu suyasamudAu / pagaraNamiNa muddhariyaM, gaNiNA sirirAjahaMseNa // 24 // jaM kiMci mae lihiyaM asuddharuvaM payakkharaM vAvi / sohaM tutaM suyarAha amaccha rAma mapasannamaNA // 25 // cakkhaM dahIsa miI mahI' vikkamavarisaMmi maMDalakaraMmi / paNahutari sahIyAya aThArasayaM silogANaM // 26 // jAvaya khe ravicandA, pahAsayaMtAya bhAraMha khitaM / / tAvaya pagaraNameyaM paThinja bhANaM thiraM hou // 27 // iti zrIjinavacana ratnakosa prakaraNaM samAptaM // cha / // graMthAnaM 1875 // zubhaM bhavatu // zrI // patra 43 rAjendrasUri jJAnabhaNDAra-Ahora isa bhaNDAra kI sUcI saM. 2001 meM yatIndra sUrijIne banAI thI, para bahuta se pranthoM ke katAoM ke nAma sUcI meM nahIM hai aura kucha ke nAma jo die haiM galata bhI haiM / isalie sAvadhAnIpUrvaka vivaraNAtmaka sUcI banAne kI AvazyakatA hai| rAjendrasUrijI hamAre lie jJAnakI mahAn sampatti uparokta 12 bhaNDAroM meM rakha gae haiM, usakA ThIka se upayoga ho / Aja adhikAMza bhaNDAroM ke vyavasthApaka na svayaM usakA lAbha uThAte hai aura na dUsaroM ko uThAne meM sahAyaka hote haiN| yaha eka taraha se jJAna kI AsAtanA hI hai jo miTAnI Avazyaka hai| rAjendrasUrijIne dUsarI eka jJAnasevA apane ziSyoM ko jJAna de kara vidvAn banAne ke rUpa meM kI hai| unake ziSyamaNDala meM kaI acche vidvAn hue haiM, va jinhoMne apane guruzrI ke kAmako Age bar3hAyA / abhidhAna rAjendrakoza ko unhoMne prakAzita karavAyA, naye grantha banAye va bahuta se grantha chapavAe / yaha saba rAjendrasUrijI kI jJAnopAsanA kA hI muphala hai / svargIya AcAryazrI kI ina vividha prakAra kI jJAnopAsanA se hama preraNA va zikSaNa grahaNa kareM yahI saccI gurubhakti hogii|
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________________ abhidhAna rAjendrakoza aura usake praNetA yugapuruSa zrI rAjendrasUri karmaTha AgamasevI vidvAnpravara munizrI puNyavijayajI mahArAja AcAryapravara zrIrAjendrasUri mahArAja jainazAsana meM eka samartha puruSa hue haiM / unakA zatAbdImahotsava manAyA jAtA hai, yaha ati mahattva kA evaM vidvadgaNa ke liye Ananda kA viSaya hai / jisa mahApuruSane abhidhAnarAjendra nAmaka mahAkoza kA yA vizvakoza kA nirmANa kara ke jaina prajA ke upara hI nahIM, samagra vidvajjagata ke upara mahAn anugraha kiyA hai, aura aisI maharddhika kRti kA nirmANa kara ke unhoMne sAre vidvatsaMsAra ko prabhAvita evaM camatkRta kiyA haiM, aisI prabhAvaka vyakti kA zatAbdIpasaMga samasta vizva ke liye AnandasvarUpa hai| mahati-mahAvIra-vardhamAnasvAmi ke zAsana meM anekAneka zAsanaprabhAvaka yugapuruSa ho cuke haiM-sthavira Arya bhadrabAhusvAmI, sthavira Aryaskandila, zrInAgArjuna sthavira Adi zruta. dharoMne jaina AgamoM kI vAcanA-lekhana Adi dvArA rakSA kI ! zrIdevardhigaNi kSamAzramaNa, gaMdharvavAdivetAla zAntisUri Adi anuyogadhara sthaviroMne jaina AgamoM ko vyavasthita kara ekarUpa bnaaye| sthavira zrIbhadrabAhusvAmI, sthavira AryagoviMda Adi prAva canika sthaviroMne AgamoM ke upara niyuktirUpa gAthAbaddha vyAkhyA graMthoM kI racanA kI / sthavira AryakAlakane AgamoM ke bIjakarUpa arthAt viSayAnukramaNikArUpa gAthAbaddha saMgrahaNI zAstroM kI racanA kI / zrIsaMgha. dAsagaNi kSamAzramaNa, zrIjinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa, zrIsiddhasenagaNikSamAzramaNa Adi Agamika AcAryoMne jaina AgamoM ke upara bhASya-laghubhASya-mahAbhASya Adi prAsAdabhUta gAthAbaddha vizAla vyAkhyAgrantha likhe / sthavira agastyasiMha, jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa, jinadAsa mahattara, gopAlika mahattara ziSya Adi sthaviroMne AgamoM ke upara ati vizada prAkRta vyAkhyAgranthoM kA nirmANa kiyaa| yAkinImahattarAputra AcArya zrIharibhadra, zrIzIlAMkAcArya, vAdivetAla zrIzAnti. sUri, navAjIvRttikAra zrIzramayadevAcArya, AcArya zrIabhayadevasUrinirmita navAzIvRtti ke parIkSaka evaM zodhaka zrIdroNAcArya, malaghArI hema candrasUri, AcArya zrI candrasUri, AcArya zrImalaya. giri, AcArya zrIkSemakIrti Adi sUrivaroMne jaina AgamoM ke upara vistRta evaM ati spaSTa vRtti, vyAkhyA, vivaraNa, TIkA, TippaNoM kI racanAeM kii| AcArya zrIsiddhasena divAkara, zrImallavAdI bhAcArya, zrIsiMhavAdigaNi kSamAzramaNa, AcArya zrIharibhadra, zrIsiddhavyAkhyAtA, abhayadeva tarka
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________________ aura jainAcArya yugapuruSa zrI rAjendrasUri / 493 paJcAnana, vAdivetAla zrI zAntisUri, zrImuni candrasUri, zrIvAdidevasUri, zrIhemacandrAcArya, zrIratnaprabhasUri, zrInaracandrasUri, maladhArI devaprabhasUri, paJcaprasthAna mahAvyAkhyA grantha ke racayitA zrI abhayatilakagaNi, zrIrAjazekhara, zrIpArzvadevagaNa pramukha tArkika AcAryoMne vividha prakAra ke darzanaprabhAvaka maulika zAstroM kI evaM vyAkhyA granthoM kI racanA kI / AcArya zrIzivazarma, zrI. candrarSi mahattara, zrIgargarSi, zrI abhayadevasUri, zrIjinavallabhagaNi, zrIdevendrasUri Adi karmavAda - viSayaka zAstroM ke jJAtAoMne karmavAdaviSayaka maulika zAstroM kA nirmANa kiyA / isa prakAra anekAneka AcAryavaroMne jaina Agamika evaM aupadezika prakaraNa, tIrthaGkara Adi ke saMskRtaprAkRta caritra aura kathAkoza, vyAkaraNa-koza - chanda- alaGkAra - kAvya - nATaka - AkhyAyikA Adi viSayaka sAhityagrantha, stotrasAhitya Adi kA vizAla rAzirUpa meM nirmANa kiyA hai / anta meM kitaneka vidvAn mahAnubhAva AcArya evaM zrAvakavaroMne cAlU hiMdI, gUjarAtI, rAjasthAnI Adi bhASAoM meM prAcIna vividha granthoM kA anuvAda aura svataMtra rAsAdi sAhitya kA ati vipula pramANa meM Alekhana kiyA hai| isa prakAra Aja paryanta anekAneka mahAnubhAva mahApuruSoMne jaina vAGmaya ko samRddha evaM mahAn banAne ko sarvadezIya prayatna kiyA hai; jisase jaina vAGmaya sarvotkRSTatA ke zikhara para pahuMca gayA hai / isa utkRSTatA ke pramANa kA nApa nikAlane ke liye aura isakA sAkSAtkAra karane ke liye Ayata gaja bhI avazya cAhiye / abhidhAna rAjendrakoza kA nirmANa karake sUripravara zrI rAjendrasUri mahArAjane jaina vAGmaya kI utkRSTatA evaM gaharAI kA nApa nikAlane ke liye yaha eka atiAyata gaja hI taiyAra kiyA hai / " vizva kI prajAoMne dharma, nIti, tattvajJAna, saMskRti, kalA, sAhitya, vijJAna, AcAra-vicAra Adi vividha kSetroM meM kyA, kitanI aura kisa prakAra kI pragati evaM krAnti hai ? aura samagra prajA ko saMskAra kA kitanA bhArI maulika vArasA diyA hai ?' isakA paricaya pAne ke anekavidha sAdhanoM meM sabase pradhAna sAdhana, unakI maulika bhASA ke anekavidha vyAkaraNa evaM zabdakoza hI ho sakate haiM, vizeSakara zabdakoza ho / prAkRta bhASA, jaina prajA kI maulika bhASA hone para bhI isa bhASA ke kSetra meM prAyogika vidhAna kA nirmANa karane ke liye prAcIna vaidika evaM jainAcAryoMne kAphI prayatna kiyA hai / aura isI kAraNa pANini, caMDa, vararuci, hemacandra Adi aneka mahAvaiyAkaraNa AcAryoMne prAkRta vyAkaraNoM kI racanA kI hai| AcArya zrIhemacandra kA prAkRta vyAkaraNa prAkRta, mAgadhI, zorasenI, paizAcI, cUlikA paizAcI evaM apabhraMza bhASA, ina cha bhASAoM kA vyAkaraNa hone se prAkRta vyAkaraNa kI sarvotkRSTa sImA bana gayA hai| kyoM ki bhASAzAstraviSayaka aneka dRSTi
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________________ 494 zrImad vijayarAjendrasari-smAraka-graMtha jina, jainAgana biMduoM ko najara meM rakhate hue AcArya ne isa vyAkaraNa kA nirmANa kiyA hai| prAkRtabhASA vizvatomukhI evaM bahurUpI bhASA hone ke kAraNa yadyapi isakA paripUrNatayA vidhAnAtmaka vyAkaraNa banAne kA kArya ati duSkara hI thA, phira bhI AcArya zrI hemacandrane apanI samRddha vidvattA ke dvArA isakA bIjarUpa saMgraha evaM nirmANa sarvazreSTha rItyA kara diyA hai, jisase hemacandra ke vyAkaraNa meM ArSa, dezya Adi vividha prayogoM ke vidhAna kA saMgraha evaM samAveza ho gayA hai| sthAnakavAsI vidvadbhUSaNa kavivara zrI ratnacandrajI svAmIne apane ArSaprAkRta vyAkaraNa meM inhIM ArSa prayogAdi ko sucAru rItyA pallavita kiyA hai| paMDita becaradAsajI dosI, AcArya zrI kastUrasUri, paMDita prabhudAsa pArekha Adine gUjarAtI bhASA meM prAkRta vyAkaraNoM kA nirmANa kiyA hai| pAzcAtya vidvAn DA. pizala, DaoN. kovela Adine bhI aMgrejI meM prAkRta vyAkaraNoM kI racanA kI hai, kintu ina saboM kA mukhya AdhAra AcArya zrIhemacandra kA prAkRtavyAkaraNa hI hai| isa prakAra prAkRtabhASA ke vyAkaraNa ke kSetra meM kAphI prayatna huA hai aura ho rahA hai| kintu prAkRtabhASA ke zabdakoza ke viSaya meM paryApta evaM vyApaka kahA jAya aisA koI prayatna AjaparyaMta nahIM huA thaa| aise samaya meM vIsavIM sadI ke eka mahApuruSa ke antara meM eka camatkArI sphuraNA huI, jisake phalasvarUpa abhidhAnarAjendrakoza kA avatAra huA / yadyapi prAcIna yuga meM prAkRtabhASA ke sAtha sambandha rakhanevAle zabdakozoM kA nirmANa AcArya pAdalipta, zAtavAhana, avantIsundarI, abhimAnacihna, zIlAka, ghanapAla, gopAla, droNAcArya, rAhulaka, prajJApramAda, pAThodUkhala, hemacandra Adi aneka AcAryone kiyA thA, kintu ina zabdakozoM meM sirpha dezI zabdoM kA hI saMgraha thA, prAkRtabhASA ke samRddha koza ve nahIM the| aisA samRddha evaM vyApaka koza banAne kA yaza to zrIrAjendrasUrijI mahArAja ko hI hai| yahA~ eka bAta vidvAn vAcakoM ke dhyAna meM rahanI cAhie ki-Aja kitane bhI vizvakoza taiyAra ho, phira bhI dezya zabdoM kA sarvAntima vizada, vizAla evaM atiprAmANika zabdakoza AcArya zrIhemacandra ke bAda meM kisIne bhI taiyAra nahIM kiyA hai / dezI zabdoM ke liye sarvapramANabhUta prAsAdazikharakalaza samAna dezI zabdakoza zrIhemacandrAcAryaviracita dezInAmamAlA hI hai| prAkRta granthoM kA adhyayana karanevAloM ke liye, aura khAsa kara jaba prAkRta bhASA kA sambandha, sahavAsa, paricaya aura gaharA adhyayana dhIre-dhIre ghaTatA-ghaTatA khaMDita hotA calA ho, taba prAkRta bhASA ke vistRta evaM vyavasthita zabdakoza kI nitAnta AvazyakatA thI / aise hI yuga meM zrIrAjendrasUri mahArAja ke hRdaya meM aise vizvakoza kI racanA kA jIvaMta saMkarasa huaa| yaha unakI sarvatomukhI pratibhA evaM unake yugapuruSatva kA eka anUThA pratIka hai| abhidhAnarAjendrakoza kI racanA ke bAda paM0 zrIharagovindadAsajIne pAiyasahamahaNNavo,
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________________ aura jainAcArya yugapuruSa zrI rAjendrasUri / 495 sthAnakavAsI munivara zrIratnacandrajI svAmIne jinAgamazabdakoza Adi koza aura AgamoddhAraka AcAryavara zrIsAgarAnandasUri mahArAjane alpaparicitasaiddhAntikazabdakoza Adi prAkRta bhASA ke zabdakoza taiyAra kiye haiM, kintu ina saboM kI kozanirmANa kI bhAvanA ke bIjarUpa Adi kAraNa to zrIrAjendrasUri mahArAja evaM unakA nirmANa kiyA abhidhAnarAjendrakoza hI hai| vividhakoza nirmANa ke isa yuga meM saMbhava hai ki bhaviSya meM aura bhI prAkRta bhASA ke vividha kozoM kA nirmANa hogA hI, phira bhI abhidhAnarAjendrakoza kI mahattA, vyApakatA evaM upayogitA kabhI bhI ghaTanevAlI nahIM hai, aisI isa koza kI racanA hai| yaha abhidhAna koza mAtra zabdakoza nahIM hai, vaha jaina vizvakoza hai| jainazAstroM ke koI bhI viSaya kI Ava. zyakatA ho, isa koza meM se zabda nikAlate hI usa viSaya kA paryApta paricaya prApta ho jAyagA / Aja ke jaina-ajaina, pAzcAtya-paurvAtya sabhI vidvAnoM ke liye yaha koza sirpha mahattva kA zabdakoza mAtra nahIM, kintu mahattva kA mahAzAstra bana gayA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki abhidhAnarAjendrakoza Aja etaddezIya aura pAzcAtyadezIya sabhI vidvAnoM kI stuti evaM Adara kA pAtra bana gayA hai|
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________________ apabhraMza sAhitya kA mUlyAMkana devendrakumAra ema. e. adhyakSaH hindI vibhAga. DigrI kAleja, alamor3A apabhraMza bhASA kI khoja-khabara 1886 I0 meM zurU huI aura sAhitya kI 1934 meM / taba se abataka bahumUlya aura paryApta apabhraMza sAhitya prakAza meM AyA hai| prastutaH prabaMdha kA lakSya usI kA sAhityika Alaur3ana aura mUlyAMkana karanA hai| apabhraMza vaise prAkRta kI aMtima avasthA hai, parantu usa kA apabhraMza yaha nAma use prAkRta se kucha bhinna kara detA hai / aura vaha A0 bhA0 A0 bhASAoM ke adhika nikaTa le AtA hai| prAcIna ullekha aura upalabdha apa0 sAhitya se yaha siddha hai ki apabhraMza para pazcimI prabhAva prAkRtoM kI apekSA adhika hai / apabhraMza sAhitya kA kAla aura rAjapUta kAla eka sAtha calate haiN| merA niSkarSa hai ki bharatamuni kI Abhirokti vAstava meM pazcimI bhArata kI eka bolI thI jo rAjapUta kAla meM vyApaka bhASA bana baiThI / jisa prakAra saMskRta Arya-anArya saMgharSa aura saMgama se nikalI, pAli-prAkRta buddha, mahAvIra kI dhArmika krAMti se uTha khar3I huI; usI taraha apabhraMza bhI guptottara kAla kI rAjanaitika uthalaputhala meM mahatva pA gii| yaha korI kAvya bhASA nahIM, apitu lokajIvana kI Thosa bhASA rhii| kavi svayaMbhU ne eka rUpaka meM batAyA hai ki vaTarUpI upAdhyAya, pakSIrUpI ziSya ko * kakkA-kikkI, ' Adi varNamAlA par3hA rahA thA / bAraha khar3I kI yaha lokabhASA apabhraMza hI thI, kyoMki isa prakAra kI dhvaniyAM svayaM ukta kavi ke paumacariu meM haiM / yaha dhAraNA bhI nirmUla hai ki saMskRta-vaiyAkaraNoM ne isa bhASA ko ghRNA se apabhraMza kahA thA / apabhraMza-kaviyoM ne ise apabhraMza nahIM kahA ! kyoM ki puNyadaMtane mahApuNya meM avahaMza ( apabhraMza sAhitya ) ke adhyayana-adhyApana kA ullekha kiyA hai / svarUpa aura vidyA kI dRSTi se isa kA bahuta sImita sAhitya hai / isa kI apekSA prAkRtoM kA kSetra vistRta thaa| bharatamuni ke anusAra Amirokti kA nATaka meM prayoga ho sakatA thaa| paraMtu nATakoM meM prAkRta hI rUr3ha rahI / isalie apabhraMza-kAvyabhASA hI rhii| vaise svayaMm aura puSpadaMtane apabhraMza ke dUsare kAvya rUpoM kA ullekha kiyA hai, paraMtu ve anupalabdha haiN| sAdhAraNatayA apabhraMza-sAhitya kA yuga 7 vIM se 12 vIM sadI taka hai / vaise bolI rUpa meM isakA astitva do cAra sadiyoM pUrva se thA / kAvya-racanA bhI isa meM ho rahI thii| svayaMbhU ne dhanadeva, dhaila, anjadeva, gAiMda Adi apabhraMza-kaviyoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai|
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________________ aura jainAcArya apabhraMza sAhitya kA mUlyAMkana / 497 12 vIM ke anantara 13 aura 14 vIM sadiyoM meM uttara bhArata meM jo sAhitya upalabdha hai usameM apabhraMza kA prabhAva spaSTa hai; ataH vaha hindI-sAhitya kA AdikAla hone kI apekSA apabhraMza kA aMtima aMtima kAla hai / adhika se adhika use mizrita kAla kahA jA sakatA hai / yaha isa lie bhI Avazyaka hai ki isa sAhitya kA jaise hindI se saMbandha hai vaise hI anya uttara bhAratIya ArSabhASAoM se bhI hai| isa kAla ke lie hindI-sAhitya ke itihAsalekhaka siddha-sAmanta-kAla, Adi kAla, vIragAthA kAla, Adi nAma sujhAte haiM, para vAstava meM 7 se 12 zatI taka apabhraMza kAla mAnanA hI saMgata hai / bhAratIya itihAsa kA yaha rajapUta-kAla hai| ___ samrATa harSa kI mRtyu ke bAda uttara bhArata kI rAjanIti DagamagA utthii| kannauja ko lekara saMgharSa maca gayA / aMta meM pratihAroMne use le liyaa| dakSiNa meM rASTrakUTa vaMza prabala ho utthaa| gurjara pratihAroM se unakI sadaiva ThanI rhii| isase rAjapUta kamajora hue / uttarArdha meM gUjarAta meM solaMkI vaMza ke zAsana kI jar3a jamI / inake atirikta cauhAna, cedI, gahar3avAla, caMdele bhI pramukha rahe / harSa ke yuga kI hUNa jAti bhAratIya samAja meM khapa cukI thI, aura usIke mizraNa se jo jAtiyAM uThIM ve sazakta thIM; para ve mithyAbhimAnI, saMvarSapriya aura rASTrIya AdazoM se pare thiiN| usa yuga kI saba se bar3I ghaTanA hai, yavana-AkramaNa / san 711 meM muhammada bina kAsimane devala jIta liyA thA, aura eka hI sAla meM samUcA sindha usake kabje meM A gyaa| dUsarA hamalA muhammada gajanavI ke netRtva meM 11 vIM sadI ke prArambha meM huaa| san 1026 meM somanAtha kI aitihAsika lUTa ke bAda paMjAba dUsarI adhInatA meM calA gayA / tIsarA yavana AkrAntA thA, muhammada gorii| pahale use hAranA par3A, para pRthvIrAja ko harA kara vaha madhya-pradeza ke bhItarI aMcala meM ghusatA gyaa| jayacaMda ko hArate hI banA / aba use vihAra-baMgAla ke vijaya meM dera nahIM lagI; kyoM ki ye prAnta gahar3avAla aura sena vaMzoM kI Apa sI lar3AIyoM meM pahale hI vIrAna ho cuke the| itanI bar3I abhAgyapUrNa ghaTanA kA alocya sAhitya meM ullekha na hone ke cAra kAraNa haiM-1-lekhakoM kA rAjanaitika ghaTanAoM ke prati saceta na honA, 2-sAMskRtika dRSTi se isa ghaTanA kA prabhAvahIna honA, 3-jina pradezoM meM yaha sAhitya racA gayA ve usa AkramaNa se achUte the aura 4-kaviyoM kI dRSTi kA dhArmika honA / sAmAjika sthiti badala rahI thii| dakSiNa ke rAjagharAnoM kI striyAM saMgItAdi ke sArvajanika utsava meM bhAga letI thiiN| brAhmaNa ke prati caritra ke kAraNa zraddhA thI / vyApAra, khetI aura kisAnI rAjasevA kI apekSA sammAnita samajhI jAtI thiiN| tAmila deza meM eka
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________________ 498 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha jina, jainAgama Astika vegapUrNa AMdolana utthaa| usakA lakSya ziva yA viSNu kI bhakti kA pracAra karanA thA / dazavIM zatI meM unake gItoM kA saMgraha huaa| saMgaThana kI dRSTi se vaiSNavoM kI apekSA zaiva prabala the| vIra zaiva mata kI Takkara jaina dharma se thii| bauddha dharma avanata dazA meM thaa| aitihAsika vidvAn islAma aura isAI dharma ke bhArata praveza kI bhI kalpanA karate haiN| phira bhI usa kAla meM dhArmika sahiSNutA thii| eka hI ghara meM vibhinna-vizvAsa ke loga raha sakate the| dharma meM maMdira aura bhakti kI prathA thii| dArzanika cintana samRddha thaa| bhakti ke AcArya usI yuga meM huye / saMskRta-sAhitya ke sivA dakSiNI bhASAoM kA sAhitya bhI banane lagA thA / saMskRta meM aitihAsika caritra kAvyoM kI dhUma thii| jahAM taka Alocya sAhitya kA saMbaMdha hai, usameM paurANika vastu kA grahaNa adhika hai| kAvya-siddhAntoM ke lie apa0 kaviyoM ke upajIvya danDI aura bhAmaha haiM / vastusaMghaTana meM saMskRta prAbhRta kAvya-paramparA kA prabhAva bhI hai| anya upAdAna aura vivaraNa ke lie mukhya srota hai rAjasiddhAntamayI / yugacetanA se yaha sAhitya ekadama achUtA nhiiN| rAjapUta zAsakoM kI rAjanIti, svabhAva, vidyAnurAga, Adi guNoM ko isa sAhitya ke kathA-nAyakoM ke jIvana se AMkA jA sakatA hai| isa yuga meM dharma ADaMbarapUrNa thA / rAjA kA dhArmika honA Avazyaka thA / dharma rAjya se vistAra cAhatA thA, aura rAjya dharma se preraNA / aMtima kAla meM yaha sAhitya darabAra meM pahuMcane lagA thaa| apabhraMza ke kaviyoM kA jIvana pUrNataH sAmAjika thaa| unakI sabhI racanAyeM prAmANika haiN| bauddha sphuTa kaviyoM kI jIvanI avazya aMdhakAra meM hai| cAhe prabandha kavi hoM yA muktaka, sabhI kA uddezya dhArmika yA sAMskRtika hai| isa sAhitya ke tIna bhAga haiM / prabandha, khaNDa aura kAvya / prabandha kAvya ke do bheda haiM, purANa kAvya aura caritra kAvya / inameM antara yaha hai ki eka meM alaukikatA hai to dUsare meM lokatatva, eka meM vistAra hai to dUsare meM saMkSepa, eka meM avAntara prasaMgoM aura kathAoM kI bharamAra hai to dUsare meM kathAvastu yathAsaMbhava suniyojita hai / eka meM dhArmika aura paurANika rUDhiyoM kI pracuratA hai, dUsare meM apekSAkRta kama hai| eka vastutattva asambaddha hai, dUsare meM sambaddha / caritra kAvya meM bhI do bheda haiM, dhArmika aura sAmAjika / inameM paurANika aura dhArmika rUr3hiyoM kI apekSA kAvya rUr3hiyAM adhika haiN| jaise maMgala-vidhAna, grantha-racanA ke uddezya kA ullekha, Atmavinaya, sajjanadurjana-varNana, kathA ke madhya meM stuti yA prArthanA, aMtima puSpikA meM kavi kA Atmaparicaya aura zrotA-vaktA shailii| dhArmika atiraMjanA ke anurodha se alaukika tathyoM kI yojanA prAyaH inameM dikhAI detI haiN| ina caritra kAvyoM meM dharma ke sAtha sAmAjika saMmizraNa kA antarabhAva hotA hai / rAmacaritamAnasa aura padmAvata bhI vastutaH hindI ke caritra kAvya haiN| AcArya zuklane inheM racanA
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________________ aura jainAcArya apabhraMza sAhitya kA mUlyAMkana / 499 pradhAna mAnA hai / para yaha samIcIna nhiiN| kyoMki unameM mukhya kArya kI samApti ke bAda bhI kathA calatI rahatI hai| inameM kArya-kAraNa-yojanA khojanA vyartha hai / 'Atmavinaya' kI paramparA sAhitya meM kaI kAraNoM se hai| 1 - dhArmikatA ke kAraNa guruparamparA kA ullekha Avazyaka thA, 2 - loka bhASA meM racanA hone se aura 3 - saMskRtajJoM ke upahAsa se bacane ke lie| durjana ke ye kavi tIna artha karate haiM - ( 1 ) jo unakI kavitA meM aruci rakhate haiM / (2) kucha logoM kA svabhAva hI duSTa hotA hai aura (3) sphuTa kaviyoMne asAmAjika vyakti ko durjana kahA hai / apabhraMza prabandha kAvya meM gIta tattva hai| kathA madhya meM Aye hue prArthanAgItoM se yaha pramANita hai / ina meM alaMkaraNa, tanmayatA aura upAsya ke prati dInatA hai / isa yuga meM zrIkRSNa ke jIvana ko lekara dhavala gIta Adi kAphI pracalita the / paumacariya meM zrIrAma darabAra meM naTa bana kara cAraNa -gIta gAte haiM / nAyikAoM ke rUpa-citraNa aura lIlA - vilAsa ke varNana meM vizAlatA hai / dhArmika carita kAvyoM meM paurANikatA aura dharmAnurUpa sAmAjikatA hotI hai, jaba ki romAMTika kAvyoM meM nAyaka ke romAMTika kAryoM kA atiraMjita Alekhana rahatA hai / calate kathAnaka meM AdhyAtmika saMketa kI pravRtti bhI ina kAvyoM meM hai / udAharaNa ke lie jasahara cariu meM nAyaka jaba patnI ke kakSa meM jAtA hai, taba kavi sAta mUmiyoM kA ullekha karatA hai | hindI kavi jAyasI bhI aisA karate haiM / paravartI bahuta se rAso granthoM meM bhI yahI bAteM haiM / ataH rAso nAma dekha kara sabhI ko geya mAna lenA ThIka nahIM hai / meda kevala yaha hai ki zAstroM meM AdhyAtmika bhakti kA sthAna rAjabhakti le letI hai / zrIrAma aura zrIkRSNa kathA kA jo rUpa isa sAhitya meM hai, vaha thor3A hindU kathA se bhinna hai / khaNDa kAvya ke rUpa meM kevala saMdezarAsaka hI upalabdha hai| isameM ghaTanA nahIM, usakI pratikriyA bhara hai| adhikatara kavikalpanA kI krIr3A hai| DA. hajArIprasAdane ise geya mAnA hai / para yaha ThIka nhiiN| muktaka ke do bheda haiM, gItamuktaka aura dohAmuktaka / gItamuktaka prabandha kAvyoM aura padoM meM milate haiN| geya rUpa meM upalabdha gIta sAmUhika gAna ke lie haiN| jaise carcarI aura upadeza, rasAyana - rAsa / muktakasvarUpa kI dRSTi se dohA do prakAra kA hai - koSa aura sphuTa / dohA koSa bhI do taraha kA hai / eka meM pravRtti hai, jabaki dUsare meM umra adhyAtma / viSaya kI dRSTi se sphuTa dohA-kAvya tIna prakAra kA hai-- zRMgAra, vIra tathA nIti vA dharmaparaka / inake atirikta saMdarbha aura itivRttamUlaka muktakoM ke udAharaNa bhI apabhraMza meM upalabdha haiM / sAvayadohAkAra ko chor3a kara sabhI muktaka kavi umra adhyAtmavAdI haiM / prabandha kavi pravRttimUlaka hai / bAhya upAsanA aura karmakAMDa kA virodha ye muktaka kavi karate haiN| korA zAstrIya jJAna inheM svIkArya nahIM / adhikAMza siddha kaviyoM kI zailI sAdhanAtmaka haiM, jabaki jaina kaviyoM kI bhAvAtmaka / para sAdhanAtmaka zailI kA prabhAva ina para bhI kahIM kahIM hai|
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________________ 500 bhImad vijayarAjendrari-smAraka-pretha jina, jainAgama vastuvivaraNa meM yaha sAhitya samRddha hai / dezavarNana ke antargata grAma, nagara aura dvIpavarNana kI prathA prAyaH milatI hai / gokula aura zarAbavastiyoM kA bhI varNana milatA hai / puSpadaMtane rAsalIlA aura gopiyoM kI svacchanda lIlA kA citraNa kiyA hai| dezoM ke bhI nAma ginAne kI paramparA ina kAvyoM meM hai / vivAha varNana bhI bar3e sajIva haiM / ina meM prAyaH madhyama aura zreSThi varga ke vivAhoM kA rocaka varNana hai / bhojanavarNana kI pravRtti bhI hai| svayaMvara kA varNana bahuta hai jina kA aMta adhikatara yuddha meM hotA hai / kabhI kabhI vadhU ko pAne ke lie vara ko kaThora parIkSA bhI denI par3atI thii| isa meM prema-prasaMgoM kI apekSA yuddhaprasaMga adhika haiN| yuddhavarNana meM yodhAoM ke ullAsapUrNa abhiyAna, AtmazlAghA, pati-patnI saMvAda, garvokti Adi kA varNana rahatA hai / AtaMka kA bhI citraNa ye kavi karate haiM, parantu TaMkAra kA bar3A hI prabhAvaka varNana hai / yuddha meM vijaya bahuta bAra divya zastroM para avalaMbita rahatI hai| striyoM kI garvoktiyAM vizeSa rUpa se ullekhanIya haiM / isa meM zrRMgAra aura garva kA mela samajhanA cAhiye / yuddha prArambha hone ke pUrva dUta dvArA saMdhiprastAva aura maitrI-maMDala kA prAya ullekha hai / sAmUhika yuddha kI apekSA dvandvayuddha kA adhika mahatva thaa| gajavarNana barAbara milatA hai / jalakrIr3A kA citraNa avazya rahatA hai / isameM vasaMta yA zarada RtuyeM pRSTabhUmi bana kara AtI haiM / strIvarNana kI tIna vidhAe~ haiM-1. zAstrIya dRSTi se, 2. prAkRtika AdhAra para va 3. caritra ko lekara / kanyA kI apekSA apa0 kavi vadhU kA rUpacitraNa adhika karate haiM / ina kaviyoM kA saundaryakAla prAyaH alaMkRta hai| phira bhI usameM bIbhatsa aura arucikara kalpanAe~ nahIM haiN| nakhazikhavarNana kI apekSA rUpa ke sAmUhika prabhAva kA hI ye kavi ullekha karate haiM / sAdhAraNatayA prathama darzana ke bAda hI rUpacitraNa ye kavi nahIM krte| kisI bhAva kI pRSTa mUmi ke rUpa meM rUpacitraNa karanA inheM bahuta pasaMda hai / nara kI apekSA nArI kA rUpacitraNa adhika hai / para usameM nakhazikha-citraNa bhI hai aura zikhanakha bhI / nArI ke aMgoM kI upamA meM prAyaH prakRti ke upamAna hI kAma Ate haiM / ye kavi nArI aura prakRti meM bheda nahIM karate / varNana meM upamA yA utprekSA kI jhar3I lagA denA sAdhAraNa bAta hai / atizayokti bhI hai, para kama / puruSa ke varNana meM zaurya kI vyaMjanA hai| kisI sundara puruSa ko dekha kara striyoM kI pratikriyA kA ullekha karanA ina kaviyoM kI vizeSatA hai| hindI ke kavi tulasIne rAmavanagamana ke varNana meM bhI isI taraha grAma-vadhuoM kA saMniveza kiyA hai / garva kI vyaMjanA sarvAdhika hai / pAtra dvArA bhAvavyaMjanA ke sAtha tathya vyaMjanA bhI apa0 carita kAvyoM meM khUba hai / saMvAda zailI ina kAvyoM meM vizeSa rUpa se dRSTavya hai| apabhraMza kavi vaise to sabhI rasoM kI yojanA karate haiM, parantu unakA aMta hotA hai
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________________ aura jainAcArya apabhraMza sAhitya kA mUlyAMkana / 501 1 zAMta rasa meM / ye kavi zAMta aura bhakti ko bhI rasa mAnate haiM / rasa vyaMjanA kA r3haMga zAstrIya hote hue bhI usa meM lokaruci kA prabhAva hai / A0 zukladvArA nirdiSTa prema kI cAra paddhatiyoM se bhinna paddhatiyAM bhI una kAvyoM meM milatI haiN| prema vaiSamya hai, para usakA aMta aniSTa meM pariNata nahIM hotA / saMbhoga zrRMgAra ke khule varNana kI pravRtti svayaMbhU kI apekSA puSpadaMta meM adhika hai / kAmakrIr3A zRMgAra meM AtI hai| jalakrIr3A usI kA aMga hai / saMskRta AlaMkArika bhI yahI mAnate the / pUrva rAga kA varNana umra aura atiraMjita hai / kAmadazAaiM bhI isI meM AtI haiN| vipralaMbha meM inakA ullekha nahIM hai / prayatna nAyaka bhI karatA hai aura nAyikA bhI / vicAraghara jAtiyoM meM yauna saMbaMdha zithila haiN| para mAnavI prasaMga meM ye kavi zarIra saMbandha ko bacA lete haiM / Alocya sAhitya meM pUrvarAga kaI kAraNoM se utpanna hotA hai / kaI kAmadazAe~ aisI haiM jinakA sAhitya zAstroM meM nAma nahIM milatA / vastutaH ina kI vyavasthita mImAMsA kI AvazyakatA hai / vipralaMbha ke bhI kaI kAraNa haiM / sabase bar3I bAta yaha hai ki ye. kavi viyoga ke kalpita kAraNoM kI apekSA, usake yathArtha kAraNoM kI kalpanA karate haiM / yahAM prema sAmAjika bhI aura aikAntika bhI / rati ke upAdAnoM kI yojanA kI apekSA ye. kavi paristhiti aura ceSTAoM kA adhika varNana karate haiM / yuddha kI bahulatA se vIra rasa kI yojanA svAbhAvika hai | usake kAraNa haiM- kanyA kA uddhAra, apaharaNa, svayaMvara yA digvijaya / mukhya yuddhavIra hai / dharmika sAhitya hone se dharmavIra, dhana-vIra Adi medoM kI kamI nahIM / varNana kI kaI paddhatiyAM haiM, zailI meM alaMkaraNa hai / yuddharata pAtroM ke varNana meM raudra kI vyaMjanA hai / yuddha aura upasarga ke prasaMga meM bhayAnaka AtA hai / vinAza ke dRzyAMkana aura virakti utpanna karane meM bIbhatsa / karuNAbhAva adhika hai, para karuNA ke samUce vega ko AdhyAtmika sAdhanA meM pravAhita kara denA ina kaviyoM kI vizeSatA hai / vAtsalya kI suMdara vyaMjanA isa meM hai, usake saMyoga viyoga donoM pakSa gRhIta haiM, bAla lIlA isI kA aMga hai / hAsya rasa lagabhaga nahIM jaisA hai / alaMkAroM meM apa0 kavi daMDI aura bhAmahase anuprANita haiM / sAhityamUlaka alaMkAra upamA, utprekSA aura rUpaka Adi bahuta haiN| ye kavi upamAna ke lopa nihnava Adi meM na par3a kara use bhAvanA ke sAMce DhAla dete haiM / mUrta kI apekSA amUrta upamAna ye adhika rakhate haiM / upamAnoM kI yojanA kevala kaviyoM ke mAnasika pakSa ko hI spaSTa nahIM karatI, apitu anya sAmAjika aura sAMskRtika tathyoM ko bhI pragaTa karatI haiM / utprekSA meM bhI yahI bAta hai / prakRti saMbandhI rUpaka vizeSa rUpa se dRSTavya haiM / rUpaka svayaMbhU ko bahuta pasaMda hai aura utpekSA puSpadaMta ko, atizayokti utanI lokapriya ina meM nahIM / anya paramparAgata alaMkAroM kI bhI yojanA hai / zabdAlaMkAroM meM anuprAsa, yamaka aura zleSa mukhyatA hai| uddAtmaka kathana saMdeza rAsaka hai / AdhyAtmika prasaMga meM pratIka zailI bhI prayukta huI hai / 1
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka -graMtha jina, jainAgama apabhraMza chandoM kA meda aura vibhAjana kaI taraha se ho sakatA hai / para yaha nizcita hai ki usameM zAstrIya aura loka chaMdo kA prayoga barAbara huA hai| chaMda meM yaha sAhitya samRddha hai / mAtrika chaMdo kA mUla ' duvai ' hai / vastutaH anuprAsa, yamaka, mAtrA aura yati ke bheda se apabhraMza chaMda ke bheda-prabheda hue / viSaya aura prayoga se bhI ina meM chaMda badalatA hai / laya aura geyatva kA isameM vicAra rakhA jAtA hai / antyAnuprAsa apabhraMza chanda kI AtmA hai / varNa vRttoM meM bhI yahI bAta hai / apabhraMza kaDavaka mAtrika chaMda se nahIM, apitu varNa chaMdoM se bhI banate haiM / isa prakAra lokabhASA kAvya meM zAstrIya chaMda kA prayoga bahuta prAcIna hai / para antyAnuprAsa kI pAbaMdI varNa vRtoM meM bhI hai| isase siddha hai ki apabhraMza meM saMskRta chaMda usIkI prakRti meM Dhala kara Ae / antyAnuprAsa (tuka ) aura do padoM kI samAnatA apa0 kavi ke chaMdoM kA mukhya AdhAra hai| padoM meM bhI yahI bAta hai| apa0 kavi chaMdoM meM saMgIta kA bhI dete haiN| svayaMmU aura puSpadaMta isake udAharaNa 1 502 prakRti citraNa meM bhI apabhraMza sAhitya samRddha hai / hindI AlocanA meM prakRti citraNa kI vidhAoM kA koI nizcita krama nahIM / vastutaH prakRti citraNa kI vidhAaiM honI cAhiye zuddha, uddIpana, alaMkRta aura Aropita zailI / ina sabhI meM prakRti citraNa isa sAhitya meM upalabdha hai / zuddha prakRti citraNa ke do bheda haiM- pRSTabhUmi aura yathAtathyaprakRti citraNa | para ina meM bhedaka rekhA khIMcanA kaThina hai / alaMkRta zailI meM mAnavI karaNa upamA utprekSA kI zailiyA~ A jAtI haiN| Aropita vAda meM rahasyavAda Adi kI vidhAyeM khapa jAtI haiN| ye kavi prakRti ke umra aura madhura donoM rUpa varNita karate haiM / upAlaMbha aura atizayokti nahIM haiM / prakRti citraNa se ye dArzanika niSkarSa bhI nikAlate haiM / parigaNana kI paripATI bhI hai / prakRti meM nArI rUpa dekhanA apa0 kaviyoM ko acchA lagatA hai / rAvaNa ke sItAharaNa para naMdanavana kI samUcI prakRti vidroha kara uThatI hai / puSpadaMta kA yaha prakRti - vidroha varNana sacamuca vizvasAhitya meM bhI anUThA haiM 1 1 samAja cAra varNoM meM vibhakta thA / jAtiyoM kI utpatti meM matabheda thA / parivAra prathA sammilita thI aura usameM jhagar3e TaMTe the / bahuvivAha prathA thii| Arthika viSamatA thI / para rAjya aura vaizya parivAra sampanna the / rAjanaitika dRSTi se sArvabhauma sattA ke lie yuddha hote rahate the / ucca varga kI zikSApaddhati acchI thI, usameM yuddha aura kalA ke adhyayana kI vyavasthA thI / para sAdhAraNa janatA nirakSara hI thI / rAjadUta kA pada mahatva kA thA / rAjataMtra hote hue bhI rAjA ke adhikAra sImita the / rAjapura ke rAjA ko dhanavaI ke lie isa liye chor3anA par3A; kyoM ki prajA viruddha ho uThI thI / saMskRta, prAkRta ke sAtha apa0 sAhitya kI bhI zikSA
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________________ aura jainAcArya apabhraMza sAhitya kA mUlyAMkana / 503 dI jAtI thI / rAjakumAriyA~ saMgIta aura nRtya meM bahuta zikSA grahaNa karatI thIM / vivAha saMbandha DhIle the| vezyA nRtya aura dyUtakrIr3A kA bahuta rivAja thA / uttama samAja meM jalakrIr3A, saMgIta, nRtya, prekSaNa Adi kAphI lokapriya the / jaba ki janatA, carcarI, rAsalIlA, dolAkrIr3AAdi ko pasaMda karatI thI / mallayuddha bahuta lokapriya thA / lokAcAra aura aMdhavizvAsa bahuta the / zakuna aura apazakuna, bhUta-preta meM vizvAsa thA / dharma meM ADaMbara thA / yadyapi bhakti kI dhArA uTha par3I thI / sAmpradAyika yuddhoM ke bIca sahiSNutA bar3ha rahI thI / bAjAra vastuoM se bhare the, para vastuoM meM milAvaTa bhI thI / dArzanika khaNDana - maNDana bhI isa sAhitya meM haiM / mukhya rUpa se pazubali, vaidika karmakANDa aura brahmaNavAda kI AlocanA hai| darzanoM meM cArvAka, kSaNikavAda, mImAMsA aura sAMkhyadarzana kI hI carcA hai| hiMsA aura narabali ke kAraNa vAmamArgI, daivI sampradAya aura kola aura kAyAlika mArga kI khUba niMdA hai / IzvaravAda kI AlocanA inake lie svAbhAvika thI / phira bhI ye kavi varNavyavasthA ko uThA dene ke pakSa meM nahIM haiN| varNazaMkara ko ye burA batAte haiM / jainadharma meM ADambara bahuta thA / upavAsa, rAtribhojanatyAga aura paJcakalyANaka kA asIma puNya phala batAyA gayA hai| jinapUjA aura maMdira pratiSThA kA utsAha ke sAtha varNana hai / maMdira kA sAmAjika upayoga bhI hotA thA / bimbapratiSThA meM vaidika vidhi kA pUrA anukaraNa thA / anya devI-devatAoM kI upAsanA bhI thI / vAstava meM isa yuga kI dharmasAdhanA kA lakSya laukika abhyudaya hI thA / yaha bAta avazya hai ki ye kavi dhArmikatA kA upayoga apane pAtroM ke caritra meM naitika krAMti lAne ke lie karate haiM / apabhraMza kavi kathA - caritra aura AkhyA - yikA meM bheda nahIM karate / ziva aura jina kI tulanA aura brahmameda isa sAhitya kI pramukha vizeSatA hai / isakA mukhya kAraNa thA, zaivoM aura jainoM kA saha astitva / dUsarA kAraNa hai, ziva ke svarUpa Arya-anArya tattvoM kA mela / jaina sAhitya meM ziva aura RSabha kI ekatA bahuta samaya se mAnI jAtI rahI hai / isa dRSTi se viSNu kI apekSA ziva kA darjA isa sAhitya meM UMcA hai| tulasIdAsane bhI rAma aura ziva meM bhI abheda dikhAne kA prayatna kiyA hai| 1
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________________ jaina dharma kI prAcInatA aura usakA prasAra prAaitihAsika kAla meM jaina dharma / kAmatAprasAda jaina, D. L, M R. A.. S. jaina dharma ko eka sampradAya vizeSa samajhanA galata hai-sampradAya to vaha arvAcIna kAla meM banA diyA gayA hai / vastutaH vaha dharmavijJAna hai-vItarAgabhAva kI sAdhanA kA upAya vaha batAtA hai / mAnava jIvana kI sArthakatA ke liye vaha eka sahI mArga hai / isIliye AcAryoMne use ' mArga' kahA hai / ' dharma ' bhI vaha hai, paraMtu vastusvabhAvamUlaka-' vatthusahAvo dhammo ' / isa dRSTi se vicAra karane para hama jainadharma aura satya meM koI antara nahIM pAte / cUMki satya zAzvata hai, ataH jinopadiSTa dharma bhI zAzvata hai, yaha kahanA ThIka hai / nizcayAtmaka dRSTikoNa ( Realistic Viewpoint ) jainadharma ko anAdinidhana pramANita karatA hai / kintu sattAtmakarUpa Reality kI abhivyakti dRzya loka meM nAnA prakAra se samayasamaya para hotI hai| ataeva usa zAzvatarUpa kA Adi aura anta bhI samaya-samaya para dekhA jAtA hai| sUryabimba pratidina ugatA aura asta hotA hai, phira bhI vaha apanA rUpa nahIM khotA / yahI bAta dharmatatvarUpI sUrya ke liye ghaTita hotI hai / ataH yaha prazna svAbhAvika hai ki isa kalpakAla meM jainadharma kI abhivyakti kaba aura kaise huI ! zraddhAlu puruSa yadi pUMche to usakA samAdhAna to Agama-pramANa se sahaja hI kiyA jA sakatA hai; paraMtu yaha buddhivAdI yuga hai / loga bAta-bAta meM tarka karate haiM / ataH yaha uttara denA paryApta nahIM ki jainazAstra isa kalpakAla meM karmabhUmi kI Adi meM prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva dvArA dharma kI pratiSThA huI batAte haiM / vahI dharma Aja jainadharma ke nAma se prasiddha hai| 1. Barth, Religion of India, ( 1892 ); Elphinstone, History of India.
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________________ 505 aura usakA prasAra prAaitihAsika kAla meM jainadharma / yadi aisA hai to zAyada pAThaka kaheM ki Ajakala bhAratIya pAThya kramameM jo itihAsa par3AyA jAtA hai, use mAniye / kintu vaha bhI mAnanIya nahIM / usa itihAsa ko una videzI vidvAnoM ke matAnusAra racA gayA hai jo bhAratIya dharmoM kI paramparA se aparicita the| unhoMne eka samaya meM jainadharma kI utpatti madhyakAla meM ghoSita karane kI bhArI galatI kI thii| uparAnta use bauddha dharma kI zAkhA bhI unhoMne kahA aura aba par3hAyA jAtA hai ki vaidikIya, yAjJikahiMsA ke virodha meM bhagavAna mahAvIrane jainadharma ko calAyo / yaha aitihAsika mAnyatAyeM nitAnta bhramamUlaka haiM; ataH ina para vizvAsa nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| ___ isa avasthA meM hama svAdhInarUpa meM spaSTa sAkSI ke AdhAra se vicAra kareMge ki jisase jainadharma ke prAG aitihAsika kAlIna astitva ko pramANita kiyA jA sake, kyoMki prathama tIrthakara RSabhadeva prAi aitihAsika kAla meM hI huye haiM / isa prakaraNa ko siddha karane ke liye jainetara zAstroM kI sAkSI ke atirikta bhAratIya purAtatva ke pramANa bhI hama upasthita kreNge| hajAroM vaSA pahale pASANa para utkIrNa lekha aura mUrtiyAM jainadharma ko prAG-aitihAsika kAla meM pracalita siddha karate haiN| pahale hI vaidika sAhitya ko lIjiye / vedoM ke nimnalikhita ullekha RSabha athavA vRSabhadeva nAmaka mahApuruSa kA astitva siddha karate haiM: 1. 'RSabhaM mA samAnAnAM sapatnAnAM viSAsahim / hantAraM zatrUNAM kRdhi virAja gopitaM gavAm // ' ___Rgveda, 8 / 8 / 24 2. ' ahopnucaM vRSabhaM yajJiyAnAM virAjantaM prathamamadhvarANAm / / apAM napAtamazvinI huMce dhiya indriyeNa indriyaM dkssmojH||' -atharvaveda, 19 / 42 / 4 ' yajurveda ' (a. 20, maMtra 46) meM vRSabhadeva kA ullekha huA hai / ina ullekhoM se spaSTa hai ki sampUrNa pApoM se mukta ahiMsaka vRttiyoM meM prathama rAjA AdityasvarUpa zrI vRSabha 1. hamAre rASTrapati mahodaya DaoN. rAjendraprasAdajIne bhI kucha aisA hI bhAva darzAyA hai; yadyapi unhoMne bhagavAn mahAvIra ko Adhunika jainadharma ( Modern Jainism) kA saMsthApaka ( Founder ) likhA hai| (At the feet of Mahatma Gandhi, p. 174) mA. paM. javAharalAlajI neharUne yadyapi jaina dharma ko hindU dharma se nirAlA likhA hai; paraMtu use bhagavAna mahAvIra se calA batAne kI bhrAnti se vaha bhI bace nahIM / ( hindustAna kI kahAnI dekho ) pR. 136-138. isI anurUpa Adhunika aitihAsika pAThyapustakoM meM kathana hai|
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________________ 506 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha jainadharma kI prAcInatA yA RSabha prAcIna bhArata meM avazya huye the; vaha kauna the ! yaha bAta ukta veda mantroM meM spaSTa nahIM kahI gaI hai| kintu vaidika mAnyatA yaha hai ki vaidika anuzruti kI vyAkhyA purANa aura kAvya ke AdhAra se karanA ucita hai / ataeva hindU purANoM ke AdhAra se RSabhadeva ke vyaktitva kA paricaya pAnA samucita hai| hindU purANoM se spaSTa hai ki prAcIna bhArata meM kevala eka RSabha athavA vRSabhadeva nAmaka mahApuruSa huye, jo nAbhirAya aura marudevI ke putra the| 'bhAgavatapurANa' (a0 5), viSNupurANa (2-1, pR0 77 ), mArkaNDeyapurANa (a0 50 pR0 150) brahmANDapurANa (a0 14 zlo0 59-61) aura * agnipurANa' (a0 10) Adi purANoM meM RSabhadeva kA aisA hI varNana milatA hai| unhoMne paramahaMsavRtti ko dhAraNa karake Atmayoga kI sAdhanA aura pracAra kiyA thaa| isI liye vaha AThaveM avatAra mAne gaye haiN| 'mahAbhArata' ke zAMtiparva meM bhI unako mahAyogI aura Aheta (jaina ) mata ko dikhAnevAlA likhA hai / hindU purANa kAroM kA yaha varNana ThIka vaisA hI hai jaisA ki jaina zAstroM meM milatA hai / ataH koI kAraNa nahIM ki hama una para vizvAsa na kareM aura donoM RSabhoM ko abhinna aura eka na mAneM / vaidikadharmIya vidvAn pro0 virupAkSa vaoNDiyAra, TIkAkAra zrI jvAlAprasAda ityAdine spaSTa likhA hai ki vedAdi meM jina RSabha kA ullekha hai vaha jaina dharma ke saMsthApaka tIrthaMkara RSabha haiN| DaoN. rAdhAkRSNan', DaoN0 lohA, pro. sTIvensana prabhRti Adhunika vidvAnoM 1. sArvatukramaNikA ( laMdana ) pR. 164 va asura inDiyA, bhUmikA dekho / 2. 'RSabhAdinAma mahAyogI nAmAcAre / dRSTAya arhatArayo mohitA // ' 3. jainapatha-pradarzaka, bhA. 3 aMka 3 pR. 106 / 4. bhAgavad purANa TIkA ( murAdAbAda ) bhUmikA dekho| M." The Bhagawata Purana endorses the view that Rsabha was the founder of Jainism. There is evidence to show that so far back as the first century B. C. there were people who were worshipping Rsa. bhadeva the first Tirthankara. There is no doubt that Jainism prevailed even before Vardhamana or Parswanatha. The Yajurveda mentions the names of three Tirthankaras-Rsabha, Ajitanatha and Aristanemi." ---Indian Philosophy, Vol. I, p. 287. 6. Historical Gleaning's p. 78. v. "It is seldom that Jainas and Brahmanas agree that I do not 800, how we can refuse them credit in this instance, where they do so." -Kalpasutra, intro. p. XVI.
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________________ aura usakA prasAra prAaitihAsika kAla meM jainadharma / kA bhI yahI mata hai / unakA samaya prAG - aitihAsika kAla hai - ataH jainadharma svataH prAGaitihAsika kAla kA siddha hotA hai / bauddha graMtho meM bhI RSabhadeva ko hI jainadharma kA saMsthApaka likhA hai' / ' maJjuzrI mUlakalpa' meM bhAratIya itihAsa kA vivaraNa milatA hai| usameM bhArata ke AdikAlIna rAjAoM meM dundhamAra, kandarpa aura prajApati ke pazcAt nAbhi, RSabha aura bharata kA honA likhA hai / RSabha haimavatagiri se siddha hue jainadharma ke Apta puruSa the, yaha bhI likhA hai / isa prakAra bauddha sAkSI bhI RSabhadevajI aura jainadharma ko prAi - aitihAsika kAla kA siddha karate haiM / purAtattva bhI isI mata kA samarthana karatA hai / khaMDagiri - udayagiri (ur3IsA) meM bha0 mahAvIra ke samaya taka ke maMdira aura guphAyeM haiM; jinameM tIrthaGkara RSabha kI mUrtiyAM milatI haiM / mathurA ke kaMkAlITIlA se bhI kuzanakAlIna RSabhamUrtiyAM milIM haiM / inase siddha hai ki usa samaya ke logoM meM RSabhadeva kI pUjA pracalita thI aura vaha unase bahuta pahale ho cuke the / sarvopari mohanajodar3o kI mudrAoM se bhI RSabha pUjA kA pracalana Aja se 5000 varSoM pahale pramANita hotA hai / una para RSabha tIrthaMkara kA cihna baila bhI milatA haiM / eka mudrA meM neminAthakAlIna cha muniyoM kA dRzya aGkita hai / DaoN0 raoNya ne mallitIrthaGkara ke jIvana kA eka dRzya eka anya mudrA para aGkita anumAnita kiyA hai| unhoMne jainoM ke trizUlacihna ko 1. Aryadeva, 'satzAstra ' - nyAyabindu, a0 3 ityAdi / 2. 'jayoSNISastathA siddho dhundhamAre nRpottame // 388 // kandarpasya tathA rAjJo vijayoSNISa kathyate / prajApatistasya putro vaitasyApi locanA bhuvi // 389 // prajApateH suro nAbhiH tasyApi UrNa mucyati / lAbhito RSabha putro vai siddhakarma - dRr3havrataH // 390 // tasyApi mANicaro yakSaH siddho haimavate girau / 507 RSabhasya bharataH putraH so'pi mantrAn tadA japet // 391 // 3. ' kapilamurninAma RSivaro, nirmanthatIrthaMkara RSabhaH nirgrantharUpiH / ' -- Aryamanju zrImUlakalpe / 4. DaoN. phira, kebsa eNDa Tempilsa oNva jainsa, pR0 4 evaM loTsa oNna dI rimensa ona dhaujI eNDa kensa oNpha udayagiri, pR0 2 5. jainastUpa eNDa adara eNTIkaTIz2a oNva mathurA tathA premI abhinandana grantha, pR0 279 - 280 6. moDarnarivyU agasta 1932, pR0 156 - 159, va iMDiyana hisTorIkala kvATarlI, bhA0 8, pR0 27-29 va 132 7, jaina aipTIkkerI, bhA0 14 ki0 1 (julAI 1948 : ) pu0 6 - Aryamajju zrImUlakalpe
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________________ 508 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pretha jainadharma kI prAcInatA bhI pahicAnA hai'| ataH purAtattva se bhI jainadharma kA astitva meM mahAvIra se bahuta pahale prAG aitihAsika kAla meM pramANita hotA hai| hAlameM hI DaoN0 henarika jimmarane isa tathyako pahicAna kara apanI mUlyamaI racanA 'philaoNsaphIja oNva iMDiyA' meM jainadharma ko vaidika dharma se nirAlA aura prAG-Arya (Pre-Ary. an) kAla kA spaSTa likhA hai| unhIM ke anurUpa bhAratIya vidvAn bhI isa bAta ko tathyapUrNa mAnate haiN| nissandeha jainadharma kA astitva prAG-aitihAsika kAla kA hai / ataH bhArata kI pATya. pustakoM meM jo isake viparIta ullekha haiM, ve nitAnta bhrAmaka haiM aura unakA jaldI sudhAra ho jAnA caahiye| 1. The Historicity of the-Tirthankaras, pp. 12-24 2 " Jainism does not derive from Brahmana-Aryan sources, but reflects the cosmology and anthropology of a much older, pre-Aryan upper class of north-eastern India...... Parava, the 23rd Tirthankara is the first of the long series whom we can fairly visualize in a historical setting." - Dr. Heinrich Zimmer, "The Philosophies of India," pp. 3 "Jainism has, however, a history much older than Mahavira at least two and half centuries older. Its beginning may perhaps be traced...... to PRE-Aryan Indian Thonght." . - Dr. A. C. Sen, The Indo-Asian Culture, I, 1, 78' "The deep strain of pessimism that characterising Upanisadic thuught in common with Buddhism, Jainism and the Samkhya, can hardly be said to be a direct product of Vedic Brahmanism...... It would perhaps be historically more correct, therefore, to regard Upanisadic as diuch as Jaina and Buddhist thoughts as having their roots in nonvedic than in vedic ideas." - Dr. B. B Bhattacharya, The Indo-Asian Culture, I, 1. *The Jain ideas and practices must have been current at the time of Mabavira and independently of him. This combined with other arguments leads us to the opinion that the Nirgrantbas (Jainas ) were really in existence long before Mahavira, who was the reformier of the already existing sect." - Prof. James, Indiart Antiquary, Vol: Ix, p. 162,
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________________ jainadharma kI aitihAsika khoja muni zrI suzIlakumArajI bhArata kI saMskRti sAmAjika saMskRti hai| Aja jo bhAratIya vicAroM kI ekatA dRSTigocara ho rahI hai-AtmA-paramAtmA, prakRti-mAyA, avatAra-tIrthakara, buddha-punarjanma, bhaktiyoga, nirvANa aura mokSa vaiSayika, bhAratIya dharmoM meM pArasparika samAnatA dikhAI par3a rahI hai| isake pIche bahuta lambI vicAraparamparA kAma kara rahI hai / isakA mUla AdhAra Arya-sabhyatA kA mUlasrota nahIM ho sakatA; kyoMki usameM aitihAsika virodha hai| apitu hamAre deza kI maulika ekatA kA kAraNa lAkhoM varSoM ( athavA agaNita samayoM ) se cale A rahe ve saMgharSa haiM jo bhArata meM rahanevAlI vibhinna jAtiyoM dvArA lar3e gaye / bAra-bAra ke yuddha, samparka, samajhaute, vaicArika-zAstrArtha evaM prAkRtika saMkaToMne AryoM aura AryetaroM ko samanvita kiyA hai| ___ bhArata kI sAmAjika, bhaugolika, vyAvasAyika aura daikSika ekatA kA nirmANa vividha vicAroMvAlI jAtiyoM ke saMgama se udbhUta huvA hai / yadi Apa isake antartama rahasya ko jAnane kI AkAGkSA rakhate haiM to nizcita hai ki Apako bhAratIya itihAsa jAnane kI apekSA vibhinna vicAra evaM vividha devopAsanA kI paddhatiyoM kA adhyayana karanA par3egA / prArambha se hamAre deza meM zramaNa aura brAhmaNa dhArAyeM calI A rahI haiN| brAhmaNa karmakANDa para, yajJa para evaM saMskAra para vizvAsa karatA AyA hai| zramaNa vrata para, ahiMsA para tathA tyAga para vizvAsa karatA rahA hai / donoM kA ( zramaNa evaM brAhmaga ) mUla eka ho athavA vibhinna; kintu yaha nizcita hai ki yajJa aura vrata bhArata ke dharmoM ke do madhya-bindu avazya rahe haiM / ina donoM tatvoM kA prabhAva bhArata ke jaina, vaidika aura bauddha dharmoM para to par3A hI hai| kintu eziyA ke bhUkhaNDoM se prasRta honevAle tamAma dharmoM ke AcAra aura vicAravAda para bhI chAyA huvA hai| agara brAhmaNa-zramaNa dhArA kA sAdhu evaM gRhastha ke nAte isa prakAra vibhAjana ho ki saMsAra ke ve katipaya kauna dharma jinameM sAdhuoM kA sthAna sarvopari hai aura dUsare ve kauna dharma jinameM gRhasthoM kI sattA sarvopari hai to yaha kahanA par3egA ki brAhmaNa, pArasI evaM islAma dharmoM meM sAdhusaMsthA sarvocca sattA nahIM hai / vaidika kriyAkANDoM meM brAhmaNa, pArasI dharmakRtyoM meM purohita aura musalmAnI dharma ke upakramoM meM jo sthAna mullA-muphtI tathA (66)
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________________ 510 jainadharma kI prAcInatA tIna dharmoM meM eka mAtra zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka - graMtha maulAnA kA hai vaha sAdhuoM kA nahIM hai| jaina, bauddha tathA IsAI ina sarvopari sattA zramaNa, sAdhu aura pariSToM kI hai| gRhasthoM kI nahIM / yahI meda - rekhA Aja hameM vizva ke samasta dharmoM meM dikhAI par3a rahI hai| cIna aura jApAna ke kramazaH kanphyUziyasa, tAo tathA zinto dharmoM meM bhI yahI sthiti hai / bhAratavarSa kI dhArmika paramparA meM yahI eka moTA antara hai jise hama brAhmaNa tathA zramaNa nAma se pukArate haiN| prAcInatama dharma prazna uTha sakatA hai ki vizva ke virAT prAGgaNa meM vaicArika krAnti ke janmadAtA aura AcArika mAnavIya maryAdAoM ke vyavasthApaka ina dharmoM meM prAcIna kauna haiM ? yadyapi prAcInatA se vyAmoha rakhanA tathyahIna hai, kyoMki zreSThatA aura uccatA prAcInatA se nahIM A sakatI to bhI aitihAsika dRSTi se khoja karanA burA nahIM hai, apitu nyAyasaMgata bhI hai / jaina aura vaidika dharmoM meM prAcIna kauna ? jaba ina donoM dharmoM meM prAcInatA kA prazna uThegA to mujhe kahanA par3egA ki veda saMsAra ke samasta dharmagranthoM se prAcIna hai, veda meM jina vicAroM kA aura dhArmika paramparAoM kA ullekha haiM vehI prAcIna haiM aura ve veda se bhI prAcIna haiN| dhyAna rahe ki veda kisI eka jAti kI bapautI nahIM hai aura na hI vedoM meM koI eka prakAra kI vicAra-vyavasthA hai / vedoM se brAhmaNa dharma kA bodha karanA vedoM ke vividhamukhI dRSTikoNoM evaM Arya-anArya RSiyoM ke vibhinna vicAroM ke prati apamAna karanA hai / kyoM ki veda bhArata kI samasta vibhUtiyoM, santoM, RSiyoM aura kaviyoM kI punIta vANI kA saMgraha hai / veda meM yajJasamarthaka evaM yajJavirodhI mantroM ko sthAna diyA gayA hai| eka deva, bahudeva aura bahudevoM meM ekatva kI pratIti kA samAdhAna kiyA gayA hai / vibhinna jAtiyoM ke yama, mAtarizvA, varuNa, vaizvAnara, rudra, indra, Adi vibhinna devatA haiM; kintu vedoM meM una saba kA grahaNa kiyA gayA hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki bhArata meM rahanevAlI Aryetara jAti ne zramaNa vicAradhArA meM anya grantha kA nirmANa nahIM kiyA, jaba ki sarva prakAra ke mahAtmAoM ke vacanoM kA saMgraha hI veda hai / veda bhArata ke sampUrNa dharmoM kA sAMjhA grantha hai / usakA yajJa bhAga brAhmaNa hai aura nivRttiparaka tyAgamArga athavA dharma zravaNadharma hai | vedoM meM donoM kA tarkasaMgata samIkaraNa hai / 1 do vicAradhArAoM kA astitva 1 AryAvarta aura bhArata ye do nAma bhI hamAre deza kI do vicAradhArAoM ke dyotaka hai| AryAvarta nAma AryoM ne diyA hai| jo pazcimI paMjAba aura gaMgA kI ghATI se bhAratabhUmi para
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________________ aura usakA prasAra jainadharma kI aitihAsika khoja / Avarta (gherA ) DAla rahe the / yadyapi bhArata ko pahale purANoM meM brahmarSi pradeza, phira AryAvarta aura phira sindhu kI ghATI para base hone ke kAraNa hindu aura hindustAna kahanA prArambha huvA hai, parantu isa deza kA prAcInatama nAma bhAratavarSa hai| jainAgama ise jambUdvIpa ke kSetra meM eka mahattvapUrNa bhAratakSetra ke nAma se ullekha karate haiN| hindu zabda prAdezika mahatva rakhatA hai, AryAvarta jAtigata adhikAra sattA kA avabodhaka hai aura bhArata zabda bhAratI prajA kA hI bodha detA hai| Arya-sabhyatA uttara se dakSiNa kI ora baDhI hai aura use anyAnya deza kI prAcIna paramparAoM tathA purAtana jAtiyoM se saMgharSa karanA par3A hai / jina meM vrAtya sampradAya mukhya hai / kyoM ki veda meM vrata ko mAnanevAle vrAtyoM kA tathA yajJa ke mAnanevAle yAjJikoM kA hI adhika. tara varNana kiyA gayA hai / yajJa se vimukha rahane vAle asuroM aura yajJapriya devoM ke saMgrAma kI yahI pRSThabhUmi hai / yAjJika yajJa meM pazuoM taka kA balidAna karate aura ahiMsAdi vratoM ko mAnanevAle vrAtya aise hiMsaka yajJa ko hone se rokate / donoM meM saMgharSa chir3atA, yuddha hotA / yajJavirodhI asuroM ke liye, vrAtyoM ke nAza karane ke liye mantra paDhe jAte, prArthanAyeM kI jaatiiN| inhIM virodhI vicAroM ne bhAratIya santati ko do bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA hai| AryoM kA Agamana yadyapi isa viSaya meM itihAsa aMdhere meM hai / koI kahatA hai ki bhArata catuHsaMsthAnasthita thA aura kisI samaya bhArata kA vistAra aphrikA se AsTreliyA taka phailA huvA thA / samudra ke parivartana aura bhUmi visphoTa ne bhArata kA raMgarUpa badala diyA hai / madhya eziyA kI jAtiyoM meM paraspara caMkramaNa prArambha huvA jisake pariNAmasvarUpa Arya jAti kA bhArata Agamana athavA sindhu ghATI se dakSiNa kI ora plavana prArambha huvA / jisase yaha to nizcita hotA hai ki paraspara viruddha vicAra rakhanevAlI do jAtiyoM meM samparka evaM saMgharSa huvA ho / yaha lAkhoM varSa purAnI kahAnI hai, hamAre deza meM aneka prakAra ke loga rahe haiN| Arya, dravir3a, saindhava, zabara, pulinda, pulkaza, kirAta aura maMgola aSTa mahAjAtiyoM evaM paccIsa upajAtiyoM kA ullekha Rgveda meM prApta hotA hai| bhArata ke loga aneka bhUbhAgoM meM nivAsa karate rahe haiN| himAlaya kI zRGkhalAoM meM, brahmasindhu ke maidAnoM meM, dakSiNa bhArata ke paThAroM meM aura godAvarI tathA kAverI kI bhUmiyoM meM nivAsa karate Aye haiN| samUce bhArata ke vizAla bhUpradezoM para aneka panthoM, sampradAyoM, mAnyatAoM aura kabIloM kA rAjya rahA hai| unake aneka prakAra ke vicAra rahe haiM to bhI sAMskRtika dRSTikoNa se bhArata meM do hI vicAradhArA mukhyarUpa se vidyamAna rahI haiM, eka vratamUlaka aura dUsarI yajJamUlaka /
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________________ 512 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pratha jainadharma kI prAcInatA prAtyoM kI prAcInatA___yadyapi Aja bhI aitihAsika vidvAn khoja kara rahe haiM, tathApi unakI prAcInatA ke bAre meM kisI ko sandeha nahIM hai / kyoM ki vrAtya bhArata kA prAcInatama sampradAya hai / usakA prAdurbhAva vedoM ke nirmANa se pUrva aura sambhava hai ki AyoM ke Agamana se pahale hI ho cukA thaa| veda meM vrAtya, dravir3a, dAsa, dasyu, paNi, kirAta aura niSAdAdi zabdoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| unheM samasamAnArthaka to nahIM kahA jA sktaa| hAM, vrAtyoM ke prabhAva meM AI huI prAcIna jAtiya avazya kahA jA sakatA hai| kyoM ki DA. zrIsampUrNAnandajIne vrAtyoM ke viSaya meM apanA mata pragaTa karate hue likhA hai: ___"vrAtya dasyuoM ko ye loga sabhya AryoM ke adhika sannikaTa mAnate the|" nagendranAtha ghoSane likhA hai: ____ "jina dinoM AryoMne bhArata para AkramaNa kiyA una dinoM pUrvIya bhArata meM kaI prabala anArya rAjya the, AryoM kI choTI 2 bastiyAM cAroM ora zatruoM se ghirI thIM / unako inase to lar3anA hI par3atA thA, Apasa meM bhI takarAra macI rahatI thii| aisI dazA meM rakSA kA eka mAtra upAya yahI thA ki anAryoM ko apane meM milAkara apanI janasaMkhyA baDhAI jAya / jo anArya the isa prakAra milAye jAte the / ve vrAtya kahalAte the aura jina prakriyAoM se unakI zuddhi hotI thI unako 'vrAtyaSToma ' kahate the " | isake viruddha eka tIsarA mata bhI hai: ___ " vrAtya zabda una AryoM ke liye AtA thA jinake liye vyavasthita samAja meM koI sthAna nahIM thaa| ye loga idhara-udhara ghUmA karate the aura lUTa-pATa bhI kiyA karate the, Aga lagAte aura logoM ko viSa bhI de dete the / vyApAra na karake vyAdhA ( zikAra ) se apanI AjIvikA calAte the / isa se sambhava hai ki vrAtyoM kI gaNanA bhI dasyuoM meM hotI hogii| DAkTara ambeDakara zabdoM kI khoja meM likhate haiM: "nAtyoM kA upanayana saMskAra hotA thaa| yaha kahanA kaThina hai ki vrAtya Arya the athavA anArya / inhIM ko zuddha karane ke liye cAra prakAra ke stoma banAye gaye haiN"| brAtyoM ke viSaya meM manujIne vizeSa vidhAna manusmRti ke dvitIya adhyAya ke 39 veM zloka meM batAyA haiH ata UcaM trayo'pyete yathA kAlasamasaMskRtA / sAvitrI patitA brAtyA bhavantyArya-vigarhitAH // manu. smR. adhyA. 2 zlo. 39 //
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________________ aura usakA prasAra jainadharma kI aitihAsika khoja / brAhmaNa kA upanayana-saMskAra 16 varSa taka, kSatriya kA 22 varSa taka aura vaizya kA 24 varSa taka ho jAnA cAhiye / yadi yaha samaya bIta jAya to ye tInoM (brAhmaNa, kSatriya aura vaizya ) vrAtya ho jAte haiM aura Aryagarhita ho jAte haiM / rAmAzrayI TIkA kArane " zarIrAyAsajIvi, vyAdhAdivatI, vyAdhA Adi zarIrazrama se jIvikA calAnevAle ko vrAta kahA hai athavA jo vAta-arthAt jo niyamana ke yogya haiM, dabA kara rakhane ke yogya haiM unheM vrAtya kahA jAtA hai|" ye sabhI mata apane Apa meM hI apUrNa haiM / isI viSaya meM eka pAzcAtya vidvAn jarmanI ke TyUviMgena vidyApITha ke DAkTara hAvarane khojapUrNa nibandha likhate huye apanA mata sthira kiyA hai, jise hindI sAhitya sammelana dvArA " bhAratIya anuzIlana" grantha meM prakAzita kiyA gayA hai| " vrAtya kA artha vrata meM dIkSita hai / vrAtyaloga Arya the, parantu pracalita yajJayAgapradhAna vaidika dharma ko ve nahIM mAnate the / ve eka prakAra ke sAdhu hote the| eka vizeSa prakAra kI vezabhUSA dhAraNa kiye ghUmA karate the| unake upAsya rudra ( RSabha ) the| upAsanA kI vidhi yogAbhyAsamUlaka thii|" hAvara ke matAnusAra atharvaveda meM usa mahAvrAtya mahAdeva (RSabhadeva ) kI mahimA kI gaI hai| unakA kahanA hai ki jo dArzanika vicAra pIche se sAMkhyayoga ke rUpa meM vistRta huye unakA mUlasrota vrAtyoM kI upAsanA tathA unakA jJAnakANDa thA evaM vrAtya sampradAya hI paravartI kAla ke sAdhu saMnyAsiyoM kA pUrvarUpa thaa| anta meM maiM bhI isI niSkarSa para pahuMcatA hU~ ki vrAtya ke sambandha meM yadi nizcita mata anusandhAna karanA hI hai to vedoM ke bhASya kartA sAyaNa se bar3ha kara pate kI bAta kauna kahegA / ataH vedoM ke vrAtya ke sambandha meM sAyaNane TippaNa karate huye likhA hai: "na punaretat sarvavrAtyaparaM pratipAdanam , apitu kiJcidvittamaM mahAdhikAra puNyazIlaM vizvasaMmAnyaM karmaparAhmagairvidviSTaM vrAtya manulakSya vacanamiti mantavyam / " -sA0 bhA0 yadyapi sabhI vrAtya Adarza para itane UMce caDhe huye na hoM, kintu vrAtya spaSTataH paramavidvAn mahAdhikArI puNyazIla vizvavaMdya karmakANDa ko dharma mAnanevAle brAhmaNoM se viziSTa mahApuruSa the| isase prAmANika mata sambhava hai anyatra na mila sake, kyoMki atharvaveda ke 15 veM kANDa meM vrAtyamahimA kA jo mahAgAna gAyA gayA hai usase yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki vaidika
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________________ 514 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha jainadharma kI prAcInatA yuga meM vrAtyoM kI kisa prakAra pUjA thI / antara itanA hai ki smRtikAroMne vrAtyoM ko aparAdhI ke rUpa meM upasthita kiyA hai aura vedoMne vrAtyoM ko vizvavandyoM aura mahAvratiyoM ke rUpa meM / yadyapi kisI na kisI sthAna para vedoM meM vrAtyoM ke viSaya meM viparIta bhAvanA kA bhI aMza pAyA jAtA hai, kintu adhikAMza meM brAtyoM ke guNagAna hI gAye gaye haiM / vrAtyoM ke prati veda kI zraddhAJjaliH atharvaveda subodha bhASya 15 kANDa, ( RSi atharvA devatA adhyAtma vrAtya ) meM vrAtya kA artha isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai: vrAtaH -- samUhaH, samAja, saMgha, manuSya, sarvabhUtavarga ke hitakara haiM jo, vrAtya kahalAte haiM / paM0 jayadevakRta bhASya Arya sAhitya maMDala, ajamera dvArA prakAzita ke anusAra vrAtya kA jo vivaraNa upasthita kiyA gayA hai vaha isa prakAra hai: - vrAtyaH triyante deheneti vratAH, teSAM samUhAH vrAtAH, jIvasamUhAH ityarthaH / teSAM patirbrAtyaH paramezvaraH, vRNvante iti vratAH, tebhyo hitaH vrAtyaH / vrateSu bhavo vA vrAtyaH / arthAt jo dehadhArI AtmAyeM haiM, jinhoMne apanI AtmA ko deha se DhaMkA haiM, isa prakAra ke jIvasamUha samasta prANAdhArI caitanyasRSTi usake jo svAmI haiM ve vrAtya kahalAte haiM / athavA jIvoM ke liye jo hitakara upadeza dete haiM, athavA vrata meM dIkSita haiM aura vrata kA hI vizva ko vidhAna dete haiM ve vrAtya kahalAte haiM / atharvaveda 15 vAM kANDa | 1 jaina dharma meM vratI ko trasa - sthAvara jIvoM kA svAmI kahA gayA hai| ye vyAkhyAyeM ThIka jainazAstra meM ullikhita zramaNa kI vyAkhyAoM ke anurUpa haiN| vratI ke artha meM hI jaina, vaidika ke dRSTikoNa kA samaya nahIM apitu vedoM kA vratya jainoM kA mahAbAdhya sAdhu haiM / jaina sAdhu aura after desideva zrIRSabhadeva Adi arihantoM kA jisa prakAra varNana jainazAstroM meM upasthita kiyA gayA hai usI prakAra atharvaveda ke 15 veM kANDa meM 220 mantroM meM vrAtya tIrthaMkara ke jIvana kA varNana prApta hotA hai| saMkSepa meM use upasthita karane kA yahAM bhI prayatna kiyA jA rahA hai / yathA: ( 1 ) vaha vrAtya prajApati carAcara jIvoM kA pratirUpa meM prApta huvA | (2) usa prajApatine AtmA kA sAkSatkAra kiyA, AtmA kA svarUpa divya svarNamaya thA / " vrAtya AsIdIyamAna eva sa prajApatiM samaizyat // 1 // sa prajApati suvarNamAtmAnamapazyat / tat prAjanayat // za udatiSThat // 2 // sa prAcIM dizamanuvyacalat // taM bRhacca rathataraMcAdityAzva vizve ca devA anubyacalan // 3 // ya evaM vidvAMsaM upavadati evamatrAdyaM gacchati ya evaM veda // 4 //
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________________ aura usakA prasAra jainadharma kI aitihAsika khoja / (3 ) vaha pUrvadizA kI ora gyaa| usake pIche devatA cle| sUrya-candra sabhIne-pUrvI saMsArane usakA anugamana kiyaa| ( 4 ) jo aise vrAtya kI nindA karatA hai vaha saMsAra ke devatAoM kA aparAdhI hotA hai| vrAtya kA svarUpa: vrAtya " prajApati " " parameSThI " " pitA" aura "pitAmaha " hai| vizva vrAtya kA anusaraNa karatA hai| zraddhA se janatA kA hRdaya abhibhUta ho jAtA hai| vrAtya ke anusAra zraddhA, yajJa, loka aura gaurava anugamana karate haiM / vrAtya rAjA huvA / usase rAjyadharma kA zrIgaNeza huvA / prajA, bandhubhAva, abhyudaya aura prajAtantra sabhI kA usI se udaya huvA / vrAtyane sabhA, samiti, senA Adi kA nirmANa kiyaa| " te prajApatizca parameSThI ca pitA ca pitAmahazcApazca zraddhA ca varSa bhUtvAnuvyavartayantaH / enaM zradvA gacchati enaM yajJo gacchati enaM loko gacchati / so'arajyat tato rAjanyo'jAyata, sa vizaH sa bandhUnabhayaghamabhyudatiSThat / / " -atharvaveda, 15 kANDa ina zabdoM dvArA bhagavAn RSabhadeva kA prArambhika paricaya diyA hai| kRSi, masi, asi karmayoga kA vyAkhyAna vrAtyane prathama 2 usI meM diyA / ayodhyA pUrva kI rAjadhAnI hai aura RSabhadeva kI janmabhUmi / phira RSabhadeva ke saMnyAsa, tapa, vijJAna aura upadeza sabhI kA yathAkrama varNana kiyA hai| vrAtyane phira tapa se AtmasAkSAtkAra kiyA, suvarNamaya tejasvI Atma lAbhakara vrAtya mahAdeva bana gye| ( sa mahAdevo'bhUt ) / vratya pUrva kI ora gaye, pazcima kI ora gaye, uttara, dakSiNa cAroM dizAoM kI ora unmukha hue / cAroM ora unake jJAna, vijJAna kA Aloka phaila gayA / vizva zraddhA ke sAtha unake sAmane nata mastaka ho gyaa| vrAtya kI nArI zraddhA thI, mAgadha unakA mitra thA, vijJAna usake vastra the / vrAtya eka varSataka nirantara khar3A hI rhaa| vaha tapasyA meM lIna thaa| devatAoMne kahAH___ "vrAtya ! kiM tu tiSThasi / " " vrAtya ! tuma kyoM khar3e ho !" "veda AstaraNam , brahmopabahaNam " vrAtya kA jJAna hI bichaunA thaa| atharvaveda 15 vA kANDa | aura brahmacarya usakA sirahAnA thA / devajana usake sipAhI, vidvAngaNa saMkalpa se hI dUta tathA samasta prANI usake sabhAsada the|
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________________ 516 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-tha jainadharma kI prAcInatA ___ jo vyakti isa prakAra ke vrAtya svarUpa se paricaya prApta kara letA hai usake pAsa samasta prANI nirbhaya ho jAte haiN| " vrAtya kA saMdhataMtra" prAtya sabhI dizAoM kA rAjA hai| pUrva dizA usake rAjya meM mukhya karmacArI hai (jaina tIrthaMkara deva kA pUrva meM dharma pradhAna rahA hai ) / ( vaidika dharmAvalambI to aMga-vaMga, kaliMgAdi pUrva dezoM meM jAnA prAyazcitta kA kAraNa mAnate haiN)| rudra usa vrAtya vA bhRtya hai / " rudramenamiSvAso dhruvAyA dizo antardezAdanu0 ityAdi / vrAtya ke rAjya meM " nAsya pazUn samAnAn hinasti " pazuoM ko samAna samajhA jAtA hai| unheM mArA nahIM jA sakatA hai / hiMsA niSiddha hai| vrAtya sabhI dizAoM kA svAmI hai| jaina dharma ke anusAra tIrthaMkara deva 18 bhAvadizAoM ke nAtha hote haiM / 18 bhAva-dizAoM kA vizleSaNa jainadharma meM AcArAMga adhyAya 1 ke prArambha meM hI maulika rUpa se kiyA gayA hai| vrAtya Urdhva dizA kI ora gye| vahAM vaha siddhAvasthA meM avasthita hai / vaha vrAtya hI samasta vratoM kA vidhAtA aura karuNA kA samudra hai| "vrAtyane hI manuSya ko anna aura anna khAne kI zakti dI hai " ( jainazAstra kalpapUtra RSabhadeva varNana meM) "vrAtya prema kA rAjA thaa| usIne sabhI samiti kI nIMva ddaalii|" vrAtya ke AdararUpa meM atharvaveda meM bahuta vistRta vyAkhyA dI gaI hai / jaise jo vrAtya paramavrAtya ke svarUpa ko jAna kara rAjA ke gharoM meM atithi ho kara AtA hai to rAjA aura prajA vrAtya ko apane AtmA ke kalyANa kA mArga mAna kara usakA Adara kre| vaisA karane se kSAtra bala kA aura rASTra kA aparAdha nahIM karatA hai| "zreyAMsamenaM Atmano mAnayet tathA kSatrAya na vRzcate rASTrAya na vRzcate " atha0 ve0 15 kANDa / kyoM ki usI vrAtya se kSAtra aura brahmabala utpanna hue haiN| __ vaha vrAtya jisa nirdoSa gRhastha kI gRhI bastI meM eka rAtri atithi rUpa meM Thahara jAtA hai / (ekAM rAtrimatithi gRhe vasati) / vaha gRhastha pRthvI ke punya kA upArjana kara letA hai| do-cAra rAtri bitA letA hai to asIma lAbha prApta hotA hai| yajJa ke samaya vrAtya A jAya to yAjJika ko cAhie ki vrAtya kI icchAnusAra yajJa ko kare athavA banda kara de / jaisA vrAtya yajJavidhAna kare vaisA kare / vidvAn brAhmaNa vrAtya se itanA hI kahe ki jaisA Apa ko priya hai vahI kiyA jaaygaa|
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________________ aura usakA prasAra jainadharma kI aitihAsika khoja / 517 vaha vrAtya AtmA hai / AtmA kA svarUpa hai / AtmasAkSAt draSTA mahAvrata ke pAlaka vrAtya ke liye namaskAra ho ( " namo vrAtyAya ") / __ yaha saba ullekha atharvaveda ke 15 ve kANDa meM se hI uddhRta kiyA gayA hai / veda aura smRti meM vrAtya yadyapi veda meM aura smRti meM vrAtyaviSayaka antara hai| kyoMki veda meM vrAtya ko paramezvara, AtmadraSTA, muni ke rUpa meM citrita kiyA gayA hai / jo akSarazaH jaina tIrthaMkara kA varNana hai / kintu smRti ke yuga meM Arya jAti meM dharma ke nAma se saMkIrNatA ghusa jAne ke kAraNa vrAtya ko nindita taka batAyA gayA hai aura yaha sambhava bhI hai| kyoM ki jainazAstroM meM arihantoM kA zrAvakoM ke prati (manuSya ke liye ) gauravamaya uccAraNa "devAnupriya" rahA / jisakA sAmAnya artha devatAoM se bhI adhika pyAre laganevAle mAnava hotA hai| kintu pANinIya vyAkaraNa meM sAmpradAyika saMkIrNatA ke kAraNa " devAnAM priyaH " kA artha mUrkha jar3a kiyA gayA hai| . ataH bhArata meM yajJa aura vrata kI khoja vedoM ke AdhAra para adhika prAmANika rUpa se kI jA sakatI hai| brAhmaNa aura zramaNa kA saMgharSa to vedoM ke yuga meM hI cala rahA thA, kintu vedoM meM donoM ( yajJa, vrata ) sambandhI sUktoM kA saMgraha huvA hai aura sAtha meM unake vivAdoM kA bhI ullekha haiM / jaise:- he indra ! ina vratadhArI yajJavirodhI dasyuoM ko zIghra mAra, nAza kara, isI taraha anya bhI maMtra haiM / jina se yaha pramANita hotA hai ki vrAtyoM ke viSaya meM sundara asundara ubhaya prakAra kA sAhitya vedoM meM saMgrahIta hai / isa kA kAraNa hai vrAtyoM kA yajJavirodha / mAnA ki yajJa aura vrata bhAratIya saMskRti ke mukhya preraNAstrota rahe haiN| aura donoM meM hI utsarga kI pradhAnatA rahI hai / kintu yajJa meM bAhya vastuoM kA samarpaNa aura aindriya sukhaiSaNA kAma karatI hai / vratoM meM bAhya vastuoM kI apekSA Atmotsarga ko pradhAnatA dI gaI hai / ataH jaina dharma meM saMyama, niyamana, pariNaha, kaSTa sahiSNutA aura icchAnirodha ko hI mukhyatA dI gaI hai| __ vratI kA lakSya eka mAtra AtmasAkSAtkAra, antarnAda aura paramAtmapada prApti hai aura yAjJika kA dhyeya svarga tathA lokaiSaNAprApti ke liye anuSThAna aura somapAna kI ora pravRtta honA hai| ___ yaha antara aura bAhya kA virodha hai / vrAtya pazuoM kA vadha yajJa meM hotA dekha nhiiN| 1 akarmA dasyuramito ayntu|
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________________ bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-praya jainadharma kI prAcInatA sakatA thA aura ahiMsA kI sthApanA karanA cAhatA thA / isI liye pazuvadha rokane ke kAraNa yAjJika unheM vighnakartA, anArya, asura, mleccha kahA karate the / vrAtya bhautika devatAoM ko na mAnane se " adevayuH " yajJavirodhI hone se ayajvana, anyavrata, akarman Adi nAmoM se pukAre jAte the| vrAtya aura yajJasamarthaka vicAroM kA prabhAva Arya jAti kI eka Tukar3I para hI nahIM par3A thA, apitu deza ke deza baMTe the / AryAvarta athavA bhArata kI samUcI janatA ina donoM AndolanoM meM baTa gaI thI aura yahAM taka ki saiddhAntika aura vaicArika vibhinnatA prAdezika vibhinnatA kA bhI kAraNa bnii| zatapatha brAhmaNa, vAjasaneyI saMhitA meM Arya aura vrAtyoM kA sImA nirdhAraNa bhI batalAyA huvA hai / brAtyoM aura AyoM (Arya-itihAsa- yuga meM Aye huye yAjJika Arya loga) kA prAdezika prabhAva kAbula, cinAba, satalaja, gomatI, jhelama, vyAsa, gaMgA aura yamunA taka vyApta thA arthAt aphagAnistAna se lekara gaMgA kI ghATI taka AryoM kA nivAsasthAna thA / atharvaveda tathA Rgveda ke mantroM ke anusAra vrAtya pUrva aura dakSiNa meM nivAsa karate the| vAjasaneyI saMhitA aura smRti ke anusAra 6 pUrvI aura eka dakSiNa nikaTa sthita dezoM meM tIrthayAtrA karane kA niSedha kiyA hai| aMgavaMgakaliMgeSu saurASTramAgadheSu ca / tIrthayAtrA vinA gacchet punaH saMskAramarhati // kuru pAJcAla meM eka chatra brAhmaNoM kA (yajJasamarthaka) zAsana thA aura aMga, baMga Adi meM vrAtyarmiyoM kaa| ataH vrAtyoM kI ora jAkara kabhI dharmavimukha na ho jAya isI liye tIrthayAtrA ke sivAya jAne para punaH saMskAra kA vidhAna kiyA gayA / vrAtyoM aura yAjJikoM kI ahiMsAviSayaka mAnyatA ko lekara donoM vicAradhArAoM ke anuyAyiyoM meM kitanI bAra saMgharSa, yuddha aura vivAda uThe haiM / Rgveda meM kIkaTa deza ( vAtyoM kA prAnta ) kI kar3I bhartsanA kI hai| anyatra vrAtyoM ke viSaya meM stutiparaka mantra bhI upalabdha hote haiN| jisase hameM vrAtyoM aura yAjJikoM ko atyanta prAcIna mAnane meM kahIM bhI saMdeha kA sthAna nahIM dIkhatA hai| purAtatva ke AdhAra para Arya aura vrAtyaH vrAtyoM aura brAhmaNoM kA vikAsakrama jAnane ke liye hameM atIta ke usa pASANayuga / 1 kIkaTeSu0 Rgveda 3, 53, 14 priyaMdhAya bhavati prAcyAM dizi, atharva 15 /
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________________ aura usakA prasAra jainadharma kI aitihAsika khoja / aura dhAtuyuga meM jAnA par3egA jahAM * mohanajodar3o' aura ' harappA' kI saindhava aura vrAtya sabhyatA kI janma kahAnI zilAGkita kI gaI hai| vrAtya sabhyatA kA prabhAva uttara pazcima ke saiMdhavoM aura dakSiNa ke dravir3oM, pUrva ke AyoM, kSatriyoM tathA magadha ke janapadoM para vyApaka rUpa se par3A thaa| kyoM ki unakI dhArmika vizeSatA sarvajAtisamAnatva kA vidhAna karatI thii| kintu AryoM kA agni-pUjana, yajJakriyA vibhinna jAtiyoM se baMdhI huI thii| usameM brAhmaNa, kSatriya hI mukhya rUpa se bhAga le sakate the / ataH purAtatva ke AdhAra para bhI yadi donoM saMpradAyoM kA vizleSaNa kiyA jAya to hameM kahanA par3egA ki prArambha se hI jo yajJa ke zilAlekha, yajJa kI prastarIya pratikRti jahA~-jahA~ upalabdha haiM, vahA~-vahA~ brAhmaNoM ke sivAya athavA brahmarSiyoM ke sivAya dUsarI jAti kA darzana Apa ko nahIM milegA / takSazilA, mohanajodar3o, harappA, mathurA ke TIle se mile zilAlekha, ur3IsA kI hAthIguphA se prApta khAravela ke zilAlekha, ujjaina kI prAcInatama prastara kRtiye ina muniyoM ko, RSabhadeva ko, dhArmika-sabhA ko, upadezoM ko adhika vyApaka aura sarvajAti aura sarvajIvasamAnatva ke liye vizvaprema prakaTa karatI haiM / AryoM se pUrva bhAratavarSa meM dravir3oM aura agneyoM kA paryApta vikAsa ho cukA thA / Arya-pArasI bhArata meM ahiMsA kA darzana prAcIna kAlase vikasita hotA AyA hai aura usakA mUla srota vrAtyoM se hai / Arya jAtiyoM kA pArasiyoM ke sAtha ghaniSTha sambandha hai apekSAkRta vrAtyoM ke jaida avestA aura Rgveda ke maMtroM aura devatAoM meM pArasparika virodha aura avirodha maulika ekatA ko prakaTa karatA hai| IrAnI aura Aryana zabda kA eka hI artha hai| ahUra majda aura asura donoM eka hI zabda hai / ( vistAra se anyatra athavA pArasI dharma para lekhaka kA svataMtra bhASaNa par3hiye ) a~da avestA aura Rgveda kI yAjJika sabhyatA agnipUjaka pArasiyoM ke sAtha adhika samAnatA rakhatI hai| kintu vaidika ahiMsA kA vivaraNa vrAtyoM se prabhAvita ho kara hI prAcIna AryoM meM vikasita huA hai| yadyapi hameM veda ke una tamAma maMtroM meM se katipaya yAjJika maMtroM aura ahiMsA pratipAdaka maMtroM kA avagAhana karanA pdd'egaa| jina se donoM vicAradhArAoM kI prAcInatA, samavaya. skatA aura maulika vibhinnatA kA bhI pUrNatayA bodha ho sake / Rgveda ke sahasroM maMtroM meM sarvavicArasamanvaya ke sUkta apanA alaga mahatva rakhate haiM / to bhI niSpakSa rUpa se prAtya aura yajJa ko kendra meM rakha kara maMtroM kA vargIkaraNa kareM jisa se yAjJikoM aura brAtyoM kI mUla mAnyatAoM ko DhUMDhA jA sake /
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________________ 520 bhImad vijayarAjendrasari-smAraka-graMtha jainadharma kI prAcInatA vrAtya dharma vedoM meM jaina dharma ( paJcavrata ) (1) " mA hiMsyAt sarvANi bhUtAni ( Rgveda )-kisI jIva kI hiMsA mata karo. mA jIvebhyaH pramadaH ( atharveda-8-1-7 )-" jIvoM ke prati pramAdI mata bano." " Rtasya panthA preta " ( yajurveda-7-65 )-" satya ke patha para calo." " ahamanRtAtsatyamupaimi " ( yaju0 1-5 )-maiM asatya se satya ko grahaNa karatA hU~. " mA kRdhaH kasya svidanam " (yaju0 40-1)-kisI kI sampatti kA lAlaca mata karo. (4) " na striyamupeyAt " ( taittirIya saMhitA 2-5-5-32 )-strI kA sevana mata karo. (5) sugA Rtasya paMthA ( Rgveda 8-3-13 )-dharma kA mArga hI saccA mArga hai. (6) sutasya nAvaH sukRtamapIparan ( Rgveda 8-73-1)-satya kI nAva hI dharmAtmA ko pAra lagAtI hai| (7) tapasyA ke mahatva ko batAte hue veda meM likhA hai "ajo mAMgastapasA taM tapasva"-(Rgveda 1-16-4 )-" tapasyA se AtmA kA sAkSAtkAra kro|" yajJa kA virodha yajJa ko sarvapradhAna dharma mAnA gayA hai / aura 1. svarga kAmo yajeta. 2. putra kAmo yajeta. 3. vRSTi kAmo yajeta. Adi Adi vidhAnoM kI bharamAra kI gaI hai / usI veda meM yajJa kA virodha bhI khUba kiyA gayA hai / jJAnakANDa meM yajJoM kI niSphalatA aura mukti-prApti meM anAvazyaka batAte hue likhA hai ki: " na karmaNA na prajayA na dhanena tyAgenaikamamRtamAnazuH / pareNanAkaM nihitaM guhAyAM vibhrAjate yad yatayo vizAnti // " kaivalya zruti (Rgveda) arthAt brAhmaNo ! yAtriko ! saMsAra meM karma-yajJa se, saMtAna se aura dhana se mokSa kabhI nahIM mila sakatA / mokSa to una yatiyoM vrAtyoM ko prApta hotA hai jo Atma-tatva ko jAnate haiM aura tyAga kA mArga apanAte haiN| isI maMtra se vrAtya yatiyoM kA prabhAva kitanA bar3ha gayA thA aura vedane apane karmakANDa kA, mukti ke liye apanI asamarthatA ko kisa prakAra svIkAra kara liyA thA, isakA
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________________ aura usakA prasAra jainadharma kI aitihAsika khoja / 521 sahaja hI meM anumAna laga jAtA hai / brAhmaNoM ko svarga ke svapna Ate the, kintu mukti kA 1 nAma to unheM kevala vrAtya saMpradAya se sunane ko milA thA / unheM to kevala yajJa, bali, kAmanA, svarga, deva aura somapAna tathA bhUtastuti hI dharma ke rUpa meM mAnya thI / yajJa meM brAhmaNa kisa prakAra hiMsA karate the aura phira hiMsA se ahiMsA kI ora kisa prakAra unmukha hue usakA spaSTa vivaraNa zatapatha brAhmaNa meM kramaza: svarUpa diyA gayA hai / 66 " AdikAla meM bali ke lie puruSa ( paramAtmA ) parantu vaha tannA rocata " vaha usako acchA nahIM lgaa| phira vaha gau ke zarIra meM gayA, vaha bhI acchA nahIM lgaa| usake bAda ghor3e, bher3a, bakarI ke zarIra ko chor3A aura anta meM usane auSadhiyoM meM praveza kiyAyaha use acchA lagA / " zatapatha brAhmaNa ke isa choTe se upAkhyAna meM hajAroM aura lAkhoM varSoM kA itihAsa banda hai, jisameM vrAtyoM ke prabhAva ke kAraNa Arya yajJa meM naramedha karate-karate pazu tathA phala-phUla para utara Aye aura ina vanaspatiyoM evaM pazuyajJa ke lie zatapatha aura taittarIya brAhmaNa granthoM meM naramedha, ajamedha, gaumeva meM pazuoM ke saMjJApana vadha kI AjJA ko dekhanA caahie| pAraskarIya graha - sUtra meM aSTa kA zrAddha, zUlagava karma aura aMtyeSTi - saMskAra ko gAya, bakare jaise pazuoM ke mAMsa, carbI Adi se niSpanna karane kI AjJA dI hai / kintu yAga virodhI bhAvanA ko mahAbhArata kAla taka kitanA prazraya mila cukA thA - isakA vivaraNa matsya - purANa zloka 121, bhAgavata purANa skaMdha 7 - 15 zloka 7-11, anuzAsana parva 177, zloka 54 ko dekhanA cAhie / afe aura havi dekara yajJa karane lage / zrI sampUrNAnanda likhita " AryoM kA Adi deza 6 - 238 - yajJoM kA pazuvadha kisa prakAra rukatA gayA hai aura vrAtyoM kA bhArata para kisa prakAra varcasva bar3hatA gayA hai| isakA saMketa Rgveda ke uparokta mantra ke ' yati ' zabda se prApta hotA hai / yati vrAtya kA dUsarA nAma hai / " AryoM kI dhArmika mAnyatA - Arya brAhmaNa aura bhArata ke AdivAsI Arya ( saindhava - dravir3a ) paraspara meM prAdezika vibhinnatA hI nahIM rakhate the apitu unameM maulika matabheda thA / siddhAnta, mAnyatA tathA vizvAsoM meM mahAna antara thA / AryabrAhmaNoM kA jIvana kAmanApradhAna, vijayAkAMkSA tathA 66
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________________ 522 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha jainadharma kI prAcInatA bhaugeSaNA se yukta thaa| AryoM ke adamya sAhasa kI abhivyakti tathA siddhAntoM kI anukramaNikA isa prakAra batAI jA sakatI hai:(1) " svargakAmo yajeta pazumAlammeta " ( Rgveda )-svarga kA icchuka yajJa kare aura pazuvadha kre| (2) " upasarva mAtaram bhUmim " ( Rgveda 10-19-1 )-mAtRbhUmi kI sevA kro| (3) " mAtAbhUmiH putro'haM pRthivyA " ( atharveda 12-1-12 )-yaha bhUmi merI mAtA hai aura maiM pRthvI kA putra huuN| (4) " yatte mahi svarAjye " ( Rgveda 5-66-6.)-svarAjya ke lie prayatnazIla raheM / (5) " kRtaM meM dakSiNe haste jayo meM satya ahitaM " ( atharva ) puruSArtha mere dakSiNa hasta meM aura jaya bAyeM hAtha meM / (6) " zata hasta samAdara sahasra hasta saMkira" ( a. 3-24-5)-" saikar3oM hAthoM se ikaTThA karo aura hajAroM hAthoM se bAMTa do / " ina maMtroM se bAhara se Aye hue AryoM kI jindAdilI prakaTa ho rahI hai| aura mAlUma ho rahA hai ki Arya kahIM bAhara se idhara Aye haiN| aura unake mana meM mahatvAkAMkSAeM lahareM le rahI haiN| inake mukhya vizvAsa vrAtyoM se ekadama bhinna the jaise-nA putrasya loko'sti / (etareya brAhmaNa 7-13) AyoM meM RSi aura brAyoM meM muni zabda kA prayoga vaidika aura prAgvaidika donoM vicAradhArAoM ko spaSTa kara detA hai / RSi koI Azrama nahIM hai aura na hI koI unameM vyavasthAtmaka dharma-prantha hai / aura na hI koI RSiyoM ke saMgha para niyama-upaniyama zAsana kara rahe haiM / kintu muni zramaNa zabda kA paryAya hai| muni kA jo Adarza vrAtyaparamparA meM upalabdha hotA hai usakA veda meM kisI bhI jagaha ullekha taka prApta nahIM hotaa| hA~, upaniSada, purANa Adi smRtiyoM ke yuga meM muni zabda vAtyoM se pakar3a liyA gayA aura usakA vidhAna sAkSAta vrAtyoM kI hI paramparA se liyA gayA hai / vRhadAraNyopaniSad meM putra ke binA kalyANa asaMbhava hai / svarga ke sambandha meM AryoM kI mAnyatA thI ki " eka teja ghor3A hajAra dinoM meM jitanA calatA hai utanI hI dUra yahAM se svarga hai|" " sahasrAvIne vA itaH svargo lokaH " ( aitareya brAhmaNa 2-17 )
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________________ 523 aura usakA prasAra jainadharma kI aitihAsika khoja / vaha svarga yajJa se prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai| __" yajJo vai zreSThatamaMkama" (zatapatha brAhmaNa ) __" yajJa sabhI karmoM meM zreSTha hai," amihotra hI yajJa hai| vinA patnI ke yajJa kabhI nahIM ho sktaa| " ayajJo vA evaH / yo'patnIka: " ( tai. bA. 2-2-2-6) AyoM meM ahiMsA ke sthAna para satya kI khUba pratiSThA thii| brAhmaNa hI manuSyoM ke devatA hai / " atha hai te manuSyadevA ye brAhmaNAH " ( Sar3aviMza 1-1) yajJopavItadhAraka hI yajJa kara sakatA hai / ( taitarIyAnyaka ) ityAdi bAtoM se tathA sAmAnya muni kI paribhASA batAte hue likhA hai " AtmA ko jAnanevAlA hI muni ho sakatA hai| mukti-loka kI icchA rakhanevAle hI munidharma kA anusaraNa karate haiM / ataH muni putra, dhana aura kIrti ko tyAga kara bhikSA para hI apanA jIvana nirvAha karate haiM / ( bRhadAraNyopaniSad 4-4-22) isa se Age sAmavedIya gautama-saMhitA meM se avaziSTa gautama dharmasUtra meM saMnyAsI dharma kA vivecana karate hue likhA hai-bhikSu ko sarvathA aparigrahI honA cAhie ( anicayo bhikSu ) / pUrNa brahmacArI varSAkAla meM use eka sthAna para hI sthira vAsa karanA caahie| varSAkAla ke atirikta saMnyAsI do rAta eka grAma meM na rahe / ( gautama dharma 11 sUtra ) __ina zabdoM se aisA pratIta hotA hai ki vrAtya paramparA ke zrutajJAna se arthAt jainAgamoM ke vAkyoM se bhI yaha AryabrAhmaNa aura vrAtyoM kA bheda bhalI-bhAMti jAnA jA sakatI hai| aitareya brAhmaNa meM jahA~ " caranvai viMdati madhu caransvAdu mRdumbaram " kaha kara madhu aura udumbara phala kI prApti kA AzvAsana diyA hai vahA~ vrAtyadharma meM madhu aura udumbara phala donoM kA pUrNataH virodha pAyA jAtA hai| ___ yahI kyA, vrAtya aura brAhmaNoM meM jIvana darzana ke maulika-dRSTibiMdu meM bhI mahAna antara pAyA jAtA hai / vrAtya kA sAdhya mukti hai aura yAjJika kA prApya svarga hai / saMkSepa meM Arya jIvana ko rasamaya, bhogabhaya aura vaibhavamaya banAne meM apanI itimAtA mAnate the aura vrAtya vaibhava, sampatti, parigraha ko tyAgane meM hI mokSa mAnate the| vrAtya aura inake anuyAyI bhAratIya the| ve bhogavAda se ukatA gaye the / kintu Arya abhI sIdhA saMskRta meM anudita kara diyA hai| nahIM to muni aura tapasviyoM kA vidhAna tathA sAdhuvyavasthA vedoM meM kahIM bhI upalabdha nahIM hai / prAcIna vedoM ko hI kevala yadi vaidika dharma kA AdhAra mAna liyA jAya to hameM
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________________ 524 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-praMtha jainadharma kI prAcInatA nizcita una bhArata ke brahmarSiyoM ke khela kA spaSTa bhAna ho jAyagA ki hindudharma ko zrutidharma na kaha kara zrutismRtidharma, nigamAgamadharma aura zrotasmRtidharma kyoM kahA jAtA hai ? __ vrAtyoM ke jJAna, vrata, vicAra aura AcAra tathA vyavasthAoM ko purANoM kI smRtiyoM meM isa prakAra samanvita kara diyA hai ki koI Arya kAlIna vedoM se prAk ahiMsaka saMskRti kI kalpanA bhI nahIM kara pAye / rudra aura ziva kI pUjA, bhagavAna bhautika aiSaNAoM ke parAdhIna the| mAnasika-tRpti aura Atma-tuSTi yahI donoM meM mukhya antara thaa| brAtyoM kA aTUTa vizvAsa thA ki mukti Atma-samAdhi meM hai aura vaha kevala tyAga aura nivRtti se hI prApta kI jA sakatI hai / kintu AyoM kA vizvAsa bhoga aura usake sAdhana yajJa para TikA huA thaa| yaha kAraNa hai ki usa prAcInakAla kA bhI nivRtti aura pravRtti, yajJa aura vrata kA saMgharSa joroM kA rahA hai| aura vedoM meM bhI yajJa ke samarthana aura virodha meM donoM prakAra kI vANiyoM kA samAveza ho gayA hai| vrAtyoM kA saMsthApaka: ina tamAma cintanoM se isa nirNaya para to hama pahuMca jAte haiM ki vrAtya dharma bhArata kA prAcInatama dharma hai / RSabhadeva ko 24 avatAroM meM aSTama avatAra mAnanA aura buddha bhagavAna ko dasa avatAroM meM aSTama avatAra mAnanA hI isa vilayana nIti kA rahasya udghATana karatA hai| ___ zatapatha brAhmaNa meM jahA~ eka ora mAMsa ko zreSTha annAdya batAyA hai aura devatAoM ko mAMsapriya bhI kahane meM smRtiyoM ne saMkoca nahIM kiyA haiM, vahA~ upaniSade ahiMsA ko paramadharma, mAMsa ko nindha kahane laga par3I haiM / yaha saba Arya-saMskRti kA vrAtyoM ke prabhAva ko svIkAra karate hue bhI vilayana nIti kA anukaraNa hai| kahane kA Azaya yaha nahIM ki acchI bAta kA anukaraNa nahIM karanA cAhie-apitu karanA hI cAhiye / kintu usakA vyavasthApaka aura nirmAtA kauna ! yaha prazna to hamAre sAmane hI khar3A rahatA hai| vizva ke gaNyamAnya aitihAsikoM ne isa bAta ko svIkAra kara liyA hai ki brAtya saMpradAya ke Adhunika saMskaraNa ko zramaNadhArA athavA jainadharma kahA jAtA hai| Aja bhI jainadharma kA zAstrIya nAma vrAtya, vratI, mahAvratI, aNuvratI, suvratI, vratAvratI, Adi vibhAgoM para hI avalambita hai / yadyapi brAtyoM kI tyAga-vRtti se abhibhUta kitane hI sampradAya vaidika aura avaidika rUpa se bhArata meM vikasita ho cuke haiM; kintu vrAtya saMsthA kA avikala rUpa hI rakhane kA zreya yadi kisI ko diyA jA sakatA hai to vaha jaina sampradAya ko hI / jaina sampradAya vrata ko apanA mukhya dharma mAnatI hai aura una vratoM ke mUla vyAkhyAkAra
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________________ aura usakA prasAra jainadharma kI aitihAsika khoja / / bhagavAna RSabhadeva haiM / vrAtya sampradAya ke ve hI mUla pravartaka aura saMsthApaka the / sAyaNa ne brAtya kI paribhASA batAte hue jina vizeSaNoM ko uddhRta kiyA haiM ve bhArata samrATa ke pitA IkSvAku vaMza ke praNetA bhagavAna RSabhadeva ko hI diye jA sakate haiM / RSabhadeva kA cihna baila " vRSabha " thaa| Arya aura vrAtyAnuyAyI saiMdhavoM aura dravir3oM kA bhI-cihna 'vRSabha ' thA / Arya gAyako pUjate the aura saindhava AdivAsI Arya vRSabha ko / vAstava meM yadi pUrI khoja kI jAya to hameM isa rahasya kA udghATana karane meM pUrNataH saphalatA mila sakatI hai ki ziva, rudra, AdinAtha ye saba usa RSabhadeva ke nAma haiN| ziva, siddhazilA, pArvatI, ratnamaya trizUla, ahiMsA kA pratIka vRSama usI RSabhIya saMskRti ke upakaraNa haiN| aba bhI bhArata meM ziva aura rudra ye do hI rUpa pUje jAte haiN| jaMgalI jAtiyAM rudra ke nAma se aura sabhya ziva ke nAma se usI RSabhadeva ko pUjatI haiM / liMgopAsanA RSabha-saMskRti meM kaise praviSTa huI aura asabhya logoM ne usakA ziva ke sAtha sambandha baiThAyA athavA kisI kalyANakAraka tatva kA pratIka vizeSa vAmiyoM zaivoM aura indriyapoSakoM kA kaise lakSya bana gayA yaha itihAsa abhI aMdhera meM haiM / AryoM ne jaMgalI logoM ko zizna devA bhI kahA hai| ho sakatA hai ki arddha sabhya jAtiyeM liMgopAsanA karatI AI hoN| phira bhI ziva aura RSabhadeva kA sambandha paraspara meM milatA avazya hai / vedoM meM brAtya muniyoM ko indriya-nigrahI, nirmohI, tyAgI tathA trigupti kA dhAraka batalAyA hai / yaha tapasyA kA svarUpa bhagavAna RSabhadeva se paripUrNa sambaddha hai| RSabhadeva kI paramparA kSatriyoM ke hAthoM meM Aja taka surakSita rahI hai / vedakAla meM yajJa ko kevaLa brAhmaNa hI mAnate the, kSatriyoM ko yajJa kA adhikArI nahIM mAnA jAtA thaa| phira ahiMsA ke sAmane yajJoM kI rakSA karanA brAhmaNoM ke bUte kI bAta nahIM rhii| kintu kSatriyoM aura brAhmaNoM meM jahA~ dUsare vaicArika aura rakta ke antara the, vahAM para saiddhAMtika aura dhArmika antara bhI thA / isI dharma-bhinnatA ( hiMsA ahiMsA) ke nAma para brAhmaNoM aura kSatriyoM meM Thana jAtI hai / kSatriya suvyavasthita the aura brAhmaNoM ko dabanA par3atA thaa| isI liye veda meM yuddha meM jItane ke lie bahuta sI prArthanAoM kA sadbhAva pAyA jAtA hai| parazurAma kA 21 bAra pRthvI ko nikSatriya banAnA isI saMgharSa kA dyotaka hai / brAhmaNoM kI dhAka eka bAra bhArata para pUrNataH baiTha gaI thI, kintu brAhmaNa usa rAjya ko saMbhAla na ske| aura kazyapa ko pAtAla meM dhasatI huI aura arAjakatA paripUrNa pRthvI ko apanI jAMgha se rokanA par3A aura bace hue IkSvAku vaMzIya rAjaputroM ko pRthvI sauMpanI par3I ( mahAbhArata zAntiparva a. 50) / yaha kahAnI brAhmaNa aura kSatriya saMgharSa aura saMdhi donoM ko spaSTa kara rahI hai| isI samajhaune ke phalasvarUpa brAhmaNa aura kSatriyoM ke devatAoM, dharmoM, mAnyatAoM meM AdAna-pradAna ho gayA aura paraspara eka
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________________ 526 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha jainadharma kI prAcInatA dUsare ko samajhane kA avasara prApta huaa| yaha kAla bhArata meM AdAna-pradAna kA thA / isI liye Rgveda aura dUsare brAhmaNa graMthoM meM brAtya saMpradAya kI mAnyatAoM kI carcA kI udAratA dikhAI gaI hai| ___svayaM Rgveda meM bhagavAna RSabhadeva se prArthanA kI gaI hai " Aditya tvamasi Aditya sad AsIt astabhrAdadhAM vRSabho aMtarikSaM jamixte varimAgama pRthikA AsIta vizva bhuvanAni samrAT vizvetAni varuNasya vacanAni " ( Rgveda 30, a0 3) arthAt " he RSabhadeva ! samrAT ! saMsAra meM jagatarakSaka vratoM kA pracAra kro| tuma hI isa akhaNDa pRthvIke Aditya sUrya ho, tumhI tvacA aura sArarUpa ho, tumhI vizvabhUSaNa ho aura tumhIM ne apane divya jJAna se AkAza ko nApA hai|" _isa maMtra meM varuNa vacana se vratoM kA saMketa kiyA gayA hai / vAstava meM vratoM ke udgAtA bhagavAna RSabhadeva hI the| isa tathya ko veda ne hI nahIM, manujIne bhI svIkAra kiyA haiN| aura manusmRti meM unheM vaivasvata satyapriya-vrata-agnidhrama nAbhi aura IkSvAku (RSabhadeva ) ko chaTThA manu svIkAra kiyA hai / aura vedakAlIna dUsarI sUcI anusAra vaivasvata-vena-dhRSNu isa prakAra batAyA gayA hai| jaina AgamoM meM 14 manuoM ke sthAna para sAta kulakaroM kA varNana prApta hotA hai aura usameM sAtaveM kulakara kA nAma nagame aura RSabhadeva batAyA gayA hai| veda ke AdhAra para yaha nissaMdeha kahA jA sakatA hai ki vrAtya sampradAya ke mUla saMsthApaka aura bhAratIya saMskRtipratiSThApaka bhagavAna RSabhadeva the| kahane kA sArAMza itanA hI hai ki RSabhadeva ne vrAtya dharma, tyAga dharma aura paramahaMsa dharma kA pratipAdana kiyA jisakA avikala aura akSuNNa rUpa jaina dharma hai / jaina dharma aura vrAtya dharma donoM paryAya haiN| vrAtyadharma kA Adi itihAsa veda pAkkAlIna se pravAhita hai| jaba AryoM ke Agamana aura vedoM ke nirmANa jaise aitihAsika tathyoM para bhI saMsAra kA koI itihAsajJa antima aura pramANika mata nahIM banA pAyA hai to vedoM se bhI prAcIna vrAtyoM kA Adi itihAsa kauna nirdhArita kara sakatA hai| itihAsa to kevala itanA kaha kara mauna ho jAtA hai ki vrAtyoM kA java vedoM meM varNana prApta hotA hai to vrAtya zAkhA kA pravacana veda prAkkAlIna hI mAnanA pdd'egaa| vrAtya saMpradAya una sArvabhauma udAra vizvahitakAraka niyamoM kA saMgraha hai jinheM saMsAra ke virATa mahApuruSa RSabhadevane saMsAra ke sAmane anubhavapUrvaka nirdezita kiyA thaa| yadi jIvazodhana kI vRtti aura vikAranirodha cikIrSA ko jainadharma mAnA jAya to vaha sadA zAzvata dharma hai| vAstava meM jainadharma vicArapradhAna hai| AcAroM kI mukhyatA hone para bhI vicAroM ke
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________________ aura usakA prasAra jainadharma kI aitihAsika khoja / 527 sAmane khar3A hai vaha manuSya kI vinA AcAra ko jainadharma meM eka mithyAcAra batAyA gayA hai| saMsAra meM jisa dina burAiyoM ke virodha meM bhoga ko tyAga se pratAr3ita karavAyA gayA thA va bhUta, deva aura svarga tathA indra kI dAsatA se mAnavatA ko mukti dilAI gaI thI usI dina jainadharma kA svarUpa vikasita huA thA | jainadharma ahiMsA kA jhaNDA uThAye saMsAra ke pAzavika vRttiyoM se jhUjhatA AyA hai-usakA vicAroM ke rUpa meM janma to saMsAra kI sabhI AtmAoM meM hotA hai; kyoMki AtmA ke svabhAva kA nAma hI jainadharma hai / kintu eka viziSTa paddhati, ahiMsaka kI vyAkhyA tathA AtmavikAsa kA mArga, tatvajJAna aura paddhati, AcAra tathA vicAra - mImAMsA ke nAte hama jainadharma ke udayakAla ko khojanA prArambha kareM to hameM vrAtyadharma ko jAnanA hogA / aura vrAtyadharma ke saMsthApaka bhagavAna RSabhadevajI isa dharma ke saMsthApaka the / ve jitane prAcIna haiM- utanA hI unake dharma kA udayakAla prAcIna hai / 1 vrAtya dharma kA anya dharmoM para prabhAva: / se vrata aura brAhmaNoM se karmane samanvita hokara Arya dharma ko svarUpa diyA hai| kintu hamAre isa vizAla vizva para vrAtyoM kI ahiMsA vrata kI chApa jitanI gaharI aura gambhIra par3I hai, utanI sAyada anya kisI dharma kI nahIM par3I hai| bhArata meM veda ke mAnanevAloM meM hI yajJavirodhI bhAvanA tathA ahiMsAdi vratoM kA prabhAva bAsyoM kI dena hai / bauddhadharma isI vrAtya - dharma kI eka zAkhA hai / svayaM mahAtmA buddhane majjimanikAya meM yaha svIkAra kiyA hai ki maiMne vAtyadharma ke (jainadharma) sAdhu ke pAsa raha kara hI zramaNa dharma kI dIkSA lI aura jJAna sIkhA thA / usa jaina sAdhu kA nAma pithA guru thA / buddhane kahA hai ki maiM vastra - rahita rahA, hAtha para bhojana karatA thA / lAyA huA ucchiSTa aura nimaMtraNa kA bhojana nahIM khAtA thA / machalI - mAMsa, madirA aura ghAsa kA pAnI nahIM pItA thA / kezoM kA luMcana karatA, pAnI ke jIvoM para bhI dayA karatA thA / pariSada sahana karatA aura dhyAna-magna rahatA thA / - / bauddha bhikSuoM taka svIkAra kiyA hai ki mahAtmA buddha para bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ke sAdhu pihitAsbhava kI gaharI chApa paDI thI / bhagavAna buddha ke aMtaraMga meM vrAtyoM kA jJAna hI bharA par3A thA / usIke AdhAra para kucha matabhedoM ke sAtha unhoMne buddhadharma kI vyavasthA kI hai| IsvI san 590 varSa pahale ye janme the / yUnAna ina kA deza thaa| bhArata meM yAtrArtha Aye hue inheM vrAtya muniyoM se vairAgya lagA / iTalI ke nUmApompilayasa - rAjA ko apanA ziSya banAyA thA / san 18 meM utpanna hue laiTina ke kavi ovida ne pithAguru kA caritra aura unakI zikSAeM likha kara prasiddha kI thI / pithAgurune jaina tatva jJAna ko bahuta hI sundara rUpa
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________________ 528 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pratha jainadharma kI prAcInatA se upasthita kiyA hai / mahIkA (6) semeTika dharmoM para vrAtya dharma kA gaharA prabhAva hai / IsAI aura musalamAna dharma meM vrAtyadharma ke ahiMsAdi vratoM kI upAsanA kA ullekha hI vrAtya prabhAva ko spaSTa bhI kara rahA hai| saMkSepa meM vrAtya dharma ke vyApaka artha ke antargata hI sabhI dharma samAviSTa ho gaye haiN| jaina dharma kI ahiMsA se purANa, bauddhoM kA bhAgavata aura vaiSNavoM kA prAdurbhAva huA hai| jaina dharma kI samatA aura prema se IsAI aura musalamAna dharma kA avatAra huA hai| jaina dharma ke sadAcAra se kanaphyUsiyasa aura dAna ko lekara pArasI dharma kA avatAra huA hai / kahane kA tAtparya itanA hI hai ki vrAtya dharma kA saMsAra ke saba dharmoM para prabhAva par3A hai aura ahiMsA kI preraNA isI dharma se sabako prApta huI hai|
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________________ " jainadharma kI prAcInatA aura usakI vizeSatAe~ " le0 0 udayalAla nAgorI, bIkAnera bhAratavarSa ke saba dharmoM meM sabase prAcIna dharma hai to jainadharma hI / agara kisI dharma meM gahana se gahana zreSTha aura satya darzana ( Philosophy ) hai to jainadharma meM hI / vartamAna kAla ke vaijJAnika purAve milate haiM to jainadharma meM hI / jainadharma meM vividha viSayoM para nAnA prakAra ke grantha racita milate haiM jo kinhIM jaina bhaMDAroM meM saMgrahIta vidyamAna hoM-jaise adhyAtma yoga, navatatva, karmayoga, jIvAdi ke rahasya Adi se sambandhita aneka grantha prastuta haiM / kitane hI prantha vyavahAra aura caritra nirmANa meM yoga dete haiM / I isa prakAra hama dharmarUpI sAgara para dRSTipAta kareM to sarvAdhika mahatvazAlI jIvapradhAna dharma jainadharma hI dRSTigocara hogA | jainadharma meM pranthAvali kI kabhI nahIM, para ve grantha abhI taka pUre prakAza meM nahIM Aye haiM aura anupalabdha bhI haiM / isIlie pAzcAtya vidvAnoM ke mana meM jainadharma ke prati kutsita aura ghRNita vicAra pedA hue ki jainadharma vizeSa prAcIna dharma nahIM hai' / kucha vidvAnoMne jainadharma para nAstika hone kA doSAropaNa kiyA, kucha ne isako bauddhadharma kI zAkhA mAnA, kucha ne isakI utpatti zaMkarAcArya ke pazcAt mAnI aura kuchane to itanA dussAhasa kiyA hai ki unhoMne yahA~ taka kaha DAlA ki jainadharma ke pArzvanAtha aura bhagavAna mahAvIra kalpita the aura sacce nirmAtA gautamabuddha hI the / isa prakAra pahale to yahA~ ina bhramAtmaka matoM kA samAdhAna kara jainadharma kI prAcInatA prakaTa kI jAyagI aura tatpazcAt isakI mukhya 2 vizeSatAoM para kramase vicAra hogA / jainadharma bauddhadharma kI zAkhA nahIM hai| pAzcAtya vidvAna lethabrija, elaphisTana, vevara Adi ne jainadharma ko bauddhadharma kI zAkhA mAnA, para jarmanI ke prophesara sara jekobI (JAKOBEE ) nAmaka vidvAna ( sara jekobI ko jainadharma kI khoja karane kA zauka thA, isalie usane jainadharma ke granthoMkA adhyayana kiyA ) ne jainadharma aura bauddhadharma kA pUrNa adhyayana karane para yaha siddha kiyA ki jainadharma bauddhadharma kI zAkhA nahIM hai aura 1. aneka pAzcAtya vidvAnoM ne isako prAaitihAsika, prAgArya aura svataMtra dharma honA likhA hai / ataH pesA samastasparzI AkSepa anucita hai| saMpA0 daulatasiMha lor3hA / ( 67 ) 65
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________________ 530 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha jainadharma kI prAcInatA isakI utpatti na to mahAvIra ke samaya ( mahAvIra ko nirvANakAla meM matabheda hai / kucha IsAse 527 varSa pUrva aura kucha 467 varSa pUrva mAnate haiM ) meM huI aura na pArzvanAtha ke samaya meM ( 877-777 varSa IsAse pUrva ) huI; balki kitane hI samaya pUrva jainadharma kI utpatti ho gaI thI arthAt jainadharma apanI prAcInatA kI dhAka rakhatA AyA hai| prophesara jekobI ke matAnusAra nimna dalIleM peza haiN| jinase yaha spaSTa jhalakatA hai ki jainadharma bauddhadharma kI zAkhA nahIM, balki isase bhI prAcIna hai| usake pramANoM kA sArAMza isa prakAra hai: (1) anugutaranikAya ke tRtIya adhyAyake 74 veM zloka meM vaizAlI ke eka vidvAn rAjakumAra abhayane nimranthoM arthAt jainoM ke karma siddhAntoM kA varNana kiyA hai| (2) mahAvagga ke chaThe adhyAya meM likhA hai ki sIha nAmaka mahAvIrake ziSyane bhagavAna buddha ke sAtha bheMTa kii| (3) bauddhoMne kaI sthAnoM para jainiyoM ko apanA pratispardhI mAnA hai, para kahIM bhI jainadharma ko bauddhadharmakI zAkhA nahIM btaayaa| (4) bauddhoM ne mahAvIra ke ziSya sudharmAcArya aura mahAvIra ke nirvANakAlakA mI ullekha kiyA hai| (5) anugutaranikAya meM jainiyoM ke dhArmika AcAra ke sambandha meM ullekha milatA hai| (6) sammanaphalasUta meM bauddhoMne likhA hai ki mahAvIrane cAra mahAvrata satya, ahiMsA, asteya aura aparigraha kA pratipAdana kiyA thA / para yaha unakI bhUla thI; kyoMki ye cAroM vrata to mahAvIra se 250 varSa pUrva bhI pArzvanAtha ke samaya se cale A rahe haiM jaisA ki uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke 23 veM adhyAya meM yaha varNana milatA hai ki pArzvanAtha ke anuyAyI mahAvIra ke samaya meM bhI maujUda the aura ve ina cAra vrata ke pAlaka the| ina akATya pramANoM se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki jainadharma bauddhadharma kI zAkhA nahIM, balki usase bhI prAcIna hai| jaina dharmakI utpatti zaMkarAcArya ke bAda huI yaha kahanA hAsyAspada hai / bahuta se vidvAn yaha mAnate haiM ki zaMkarAcArya (jagadguru ) ke pazcAt jaina dharma kI utpati huii| para yaha unakA bhrama hai| kyoM ki ina-ina pramANoM se spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki jaina dharma kI utpatti jagadguru zaMkarAcArya ke pazcAt nahIM huii| (1) sadAnaMda ne apane zaMkaravijayasAra nAmaka sarvotkRSTa grantha meM likhA hai ki zaMkarAcAryane kaI sthAnoM para jaina muniyoM se zAstrArtha kiyA thA /
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________________ 531 aura usakA prasAra jainadharma kI prAcInatA aura usakI vizeSatAe~ 531 (2) zaMkarAcArya ne svayaM likhA hai ki jainadharma bahuta hI prAcInadharma hai| agara jainadharma kI utpatti zaMkarAcArya ke pazcAt hotI to ye bAteM asambhava thiiN| jainadharma hindUdharma se bhI prAcIna hai| bahuta se vidvAn jainadharma ko hindUdharma kI zAkhA mAnate haiM, para yaha bAta bhI nirmUla hai| nimnalikhita pramANoM se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki jainadharma hindUdharma se bhI prAcIna hai| (1) mahAbhArata ke Adi parva ke tRtIya adhyAya meM 23 aura 26 veM zloka meM eka jaina muni kA udAharaNa diyA gayA hai| (2) DaoN rAjendralAla mitra ne yogasUtroM kI bhUmikA meM likhA hai ki sAmaveda ke samaya eka yati thA jo hiMsA ko bahuta nindanIya samajhatA thaa| yaha jaina yati bhI ho sakatA hai| (3) sAmaveda meM jainiyoM ke prathama aura 22 veM tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva aura ariSTanemi kA nAma AyA hai| (ka ) " OM namo arhanto RSabho OM RSabha pavitra puruhUtamadhvaraM yajJeSu nagnaM parama sAhasaM stutaM vAraM zatrujayaM taM payuriMdramAhuriti svAhA" // adhyAya 25 maMtra 19 / (kha ) OM rakSa rakSa ariSTanemi svAhA / vAmodaya zAntyarthamupavidhIyate so asmAkaM ariSTanemi svAhA // " ( 4 ) Rgveda meM 1, adhyAya 6, varga 16 meM 22 veM sUtrameM jainiyoM ke tIrthakara ariSTanemi kA varNana AyA hai| "OM svasti na indro vRddhazravAH svastinaH pUSAvizvavedAH svasti nastAkSyo ariSTanemiH svastino brahaspartidadhAtu" upara ke pramANoM se spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki jainadharma na to bauddhadharma kI zAkhA, na hindUdharma kI zAkhA hai aura na isakI utpatti zaMkarAcArya ke pazcAt huI; balki yaha bahuta prAcIna dharma hai / aura bahuta varSoM se anavarata dhArA ke rUpa meM pravAhita hotA calA ArahA hai| aba isakI vizeSatAoM para prakAza DAlA jA rahA hai| agara koI vyakti samAja meM anya vyaktiyoM kI apekSAkRta utkRSTa Adara pAnA cAheM to usameM aneka sadguNoM kA vidyamAna honA atyAvazyaka hai| jainadharma ko utkRSTa dharma to hamane mAna hI liyA hai| aba isa meM guNa kyA 2 haiM una para aba vicAra kiyA jAyagA arthAta jainadharma kI vizeSatAoM kA varNana kiyA jAyagA /
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri smAraka -graMtha jainadharma kI prAcInatA jainadharma kI prathama sarvazreSTha vizeSatA isakA darzana ( Philosophy ) hai / bhArata meM aneka matamatAntara jaise bauddha, vedAnta, sAMkhya Adi haiN| inameM kisI kI bhI philosaoNphI jainadharma ke samAna utkRSTa nahIM hai / agara philosaoNphI ke tulanArUpI tarAjU para saba dharmoM kI philosaoNphI ko tolA jAya to jainadharma kI philosaoNphI kA palar3A hI bhArI rahegA / pAzcAtya vidvAn mAnate haiM ki jitanI sugamatA se jainadharma philosaoNphI samajhAtA hai utanI sugamatA se anya dharma nahIM / jainadharma kI philosaoNphI ke samAna gahana, gambhIra aura sarala philosaoNphI anya dharmoM meM milanA sarvathA durlabha hai / 532 anya dharmoM kI taraha jainadharma ekAntavAdI nahIM hai - yaha anekAntavAdI hai| jainadharma meM jIva, ajIva, pApa, puNya, Azratra, saMvara, nirjarA, bandha maura mokSa ye navatatva batAye gaye haiM / AtmajJAna to isake samAna anya dharma meM dikhAyA hI nahIM / AtmA kA amaratva, usakA karma ke sAtha sambandha, bandha, mokSa Adi viSayoM para atyaMta sacoTa ullekha kiyA hai / eka vidvAna kahatA hai ki " jaina sAhitya kA pUrNa adhyayana jitanI satarkatA se kiyA jAyagA utane hI usameM naye 2 tatvarUpI rasa udbhUta hote jAya~ge / " jaina zAstra AtmA ke tIna bheda karatA hai / bahirAtmA, antarAtmA aura paramAtmA / zrImad AnandaghanajI ne tInoM svarUpakA varNana isa stavana meM sundaratA se dikhAyA hai / AtmabuddhaM kAyAdI grahyo / bahIrAtmA adharUpa sujJAnI / kAyAdikano ho sAkhI ghara / rahyo antara AtamarUpa sujJAnI // jJAnAnande ho pUraNa pAvano / varajita sakala upAdhi // atIndriya guNa guNa maNI AgaruM, hama paramAtama sAtha sujJAnI || yaha to huA jaina philosaoNphI kA bhavyarUpa | aba usakI anya vizeSatAoM para " prakAza DAlA jAyagA / 46 saMyama aura jaina darzana kA sambandha manuSya aura havA ( oxygen) kI taraha hai / saMyama kyA ? yaha prazna uThatA hai / indriyoM kA nigraha karanA hI saMyama kahalAtA hai| pratyeka jainI ko "paMcidIyasaMvaraNo " sUtra to kaMThastha hI hogA / sperzendriya, rasanendriya, prANendriya, cakSindriya aura zrotendriya ina pAMcoM indriyoM kA jJAna aura viSaya hamAre jaina zAstra meM dikhAyA gayA hai / ina pAMcoM indriyoM para kAbU karanA, nigraha karanA yA jItanA hI saMyama kahalAtA hai| eka kavi upamA detA hai ki jIvarUpI sAthI indriyarUpI azva ko kabje maiM nahIM rakha sakatA to usakA pariNAma duHkhadAyaka hotA hai, kisI bhI prakAra ke artha kI
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________________ aura usakA prasAra jainadharma kI prAcInatA aura usakI vizeSatAe~ / 533 prApti nahIM ho sakatI aura isI kAraNa jIvana meM saphalatA nahIM mila sakatI / yaha jainadharma kI dUsarI mahatvapUrNa vizeSatA hai / jainadharma kI tIsarI vizeSatA ahiMsA hai / jyoMhi hama jainadharma kA adhyayana karate haiM to ahiMsA hamArA dhyAna zIghrAtizIghra ArkaSita kara letI hai / jainadharma meM sthAna 2 para ahiMsA kA ullekha hai / ahiMsA arthAt pratyeka jIva kI rakSA karanA, kisI ko mRtyu ke ghATa utAranA | cAhe vaha jIva ekendrI ho cAhe paMceMndriya / pratyeka jIva para samabhAva rkhnaa| cAhe vaha mitra ho yA zatru / isI lie "jainadharma kA prANa samanvaya aura samabhAva hI hai | Live and Let live arthAt jIo aura jIne do yaha zikSA jainadharma detA hai / ahiMsA jainadharma kI sarvottama vizeSatA hai- Adarza hai / cauthI vizeSatA satya hai / eka vidvanane jaina kI paribhASA karate hue kahA hai ki " satya, ahiMsA aura saMyama kA abhilASI mAtra hI jainI hai / 22 "jainadharma meM aThAraha pApoM meM prathama pApa asatya hI batAyA hai| isase jainadharma meM satya kI mahimA spaSTatayA jhalakatI hai| bahuta se udAharaNoM ke adhyayana se yaha patA lagatA hai ki aparAdhI ke daNDa bhI satya bolane se ruka jAte haiM / satyakathana adhikatara kar3e hote haiM, kyoMki satya se svArthiyoM ke svArtha para AghAta pahu~catA hai| isalie satyabhASI aksara pIche rahatA hai / cAhe kitanI hI bar3I kaThinAI AjAya, para hameM satya se DiganA nahIM cAhiye / jaise 'jaina jagata ke ujjavala tAre' nAmaka pustakoM meM satya bhASaNa ke vahuta udAharaNa milate haiM ki usa samaya zrAvakoM meM satya kI aTalatA kaisI prabala thI aura unake satya bolane se hI unakA uddhAra huA / jainadharma dayA, kSamA, zUratA kA pATha bhI hamAre samakSa prastuta karatA hai / dayA aura kSamA ke lie mahAvIra aura gauzAlA kA udAharaNa paryApta hai| dIkSA dhAraNa ke anantara kI bAta hai / mahAvIra jaMgala meM kumAra nAmaka grAma meM kAyotsarga kara rahe the / usa samaya eka gvAlA apane Dhora bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samIpa chor3akara kAryavaza Age calA gayA aura punaH lauTane para doroM ko na pAkara bhagavAna mahAvIra ko ulTA sIdhA sunAne lagA aura unako manamAnI pIr3AyeM diiN| phira bhI mahAvIrane bure ke sAtha bhalAI kA vyavahAra hI kiyA / IMTa kA javAba IMTa se nahIM, balki phUla se diyA arthAt use kSamA karadiyA / kyoMki -- " jo tokUM kAMTA buve, tAhiM boya tU phUla / to phUla ko phUla hai, bAka hai tarazUla || 99
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka - pratha jainadharma kI prAcInatA dayA dharma saba dharmoM kA mUla hai| jahA~ dayA nahIM vahAM dharma nahIM / jo manuSya dUsaroM para krodha prakaTa na kare, anyakI nindA na kare aura anya ko satAye nahIM to vaha zIghrAtizIghra unnati ke zikhara para pahuMca sakatA hai / bhaktanAyaka gosvAmI tulasIdAsane bhI kahA hai ki -- - 534 46 dayA dharma ko sUla hai, pApa mUla abhimAna / tulasI dayA na chor3iye, jaba laga ghaTa meM prAna // ?? zUratA ke lie tIrthaMkara mahAvIra prakhyAta haiM ki bAlyAvasthA meM unhoMne eka bhayaMkara maNidhArI viSadhara sarpa ko apane hAthoM se pakar3a kara dhIrese dUra pheMka diyA thA / upasaMhAraH -- isaprakAra jainadharma kI prAcInatA aura usakI vizeSatAoM para vicAra karane se pUrNatayA spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki jainadharma atyanta prAcIna dharma hai aura sarva guNoM kI khAna hai| jainadharma jIva aura zarIra ko bhinna mAnatA hai aura usakA saccA svarUpa hameM samajhAtA bhI hai / agara koI vyakti apanA vyavahAra ucca Adarzamaya banAnA cAheM to vaha jainadharma ke avalamba se apanA caritra yA vyavahAra Adarzamaya banA sakatA hai / kyoMki caritra hI saba kucha hai / kisI vidvAnane kahA bhI hai| Wealth is gone-nothing is gone, Health is gone-something is gone; But when character is gone-all is gone. arthAt jaba dhana gayA to kucha nahIM gayA, svAsthya gayA to kucha gayA; parantu agara caritra calA gayA to saba kucha calA gayA | I isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki jainadharma hameM caritra nirmANa kI zikSA detA hai / kisa dharma meM paMcamahAvratasahita saMyama pAlane kA upadeza diyA hai ? kisa dharma meM vezyA ke ghara rahakara vaizyA ko samajhAne kA prayatna kiyA hai ? kisa dharma meM aneka rAjArAniyoM ko saMsAra ko asAratApUrvaka mAlUma hone para dIkSA lete dikhAyA haiM / ina sabakA kevala eka uttara hai, vaha hai jainadharma ne hI | Aja bhI jainadharma pUrNimA ke pUrNa candra kI bhA~ti tArAoM ko prakAzamAna kara apanI divyatA, sattA aura vizeSatA ke prakAza se duniyA~ ko AkarSita kara rahA hai / aisA utkRSTa hai jainadharma ! aisA prAcIna hai jainadharma ! ! vizeSatAeM haiM jainadharma kI ! ! !
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________________ prAcIna jaina sAhitya meM mudrA saMbaMdhI tathya (vivaraNa) umAkAnta pI. zAha, baDaudA DA. je. sI. jaina ne jaina sAhitya se kucha mudrAsaMbaMdhI tathyoM kA saMgraha kiyA hai| yahA~ prayatna kiyA gayA hai ki unhIM para punarvicAra evaM jaina sAhitya ke AdhAra para kucha aura vRddhi kI jAya / jisa mAdhyamase hameM ye tathya prApta hote haiM unhIM ke saMbhAvita kAla ke anusAra hama ina tathyoM kA krama sthApita kara sakate haiM, athavA una sUtroM meM varNita sikkoM kI prAcInatA ke AdhAra-anusAra bhI yaha kiyA jA sakatA hai| yahA~ hama apane pramANoM kA vivecana saMbhAvita prApta sAmagrI ke kAla ke anusAra hI kreNge| jainoM ke sUtragraMtha athavA * Agama' jinako paraMparA se svayaM mahAvIra ke nija ziSyoM dvArA kRta mAnA jAtA hai, jo vibhinna pariSadoM meM rUpa grahaNa karane ke bAda hI hama taka pahu~cate haiN| antima pariSada 'valabhI' meM v. S. 510 -453 A, D, meM huI thii| yaha antima bAra kA saMskaraNa usase pUrva C. 300-313 A. D. meM mathurA meM huI pariSada para hI adhikatara AdhArita hai aura usakA vivecanAtmaka adhyayana karane para mAlUma hotA hai ki usameM ati prAcIna aMzoM ke sAtha hI kuzANa evaM prArambhika guptakAla ke sAMskRtika tatvoM kA bhI adhikatA se sammizraNa huA hai| udAharaNArtha * nAyAdhammakahAo' (Naysdhammakahio) aura ' rAyapaseNIya-sutta ' ( Rayapaseniya-sutta ) meM prApta eka mahala kA varNana:-jisako sarvaprathama prakAza meM lAne kA zreya DA0 motIcanda ko hai / parantu isa aMtima pariSadake saMskaraNoM ke rUpoMpara bhI na unake vivecanAtmaka saMskaraNa hI kahIM upalabdha ho rahe haiM; ataH eva upayukta hogA ki AgamoM ke mUlapAThoM kA upayoga sAvadhAnI evaM viveka ke sAtha karanA hI samucita hogaa| kuzANa aura gupta kAla meM pazcimI rASTroM ke sAtha bhArata ke niryAta vyApAra meM bahuta pragati huI jisake phalasvarUpa roma sAmrAjya se bhArata ko bhArI mAtrA meM sonA jAne ke saMbaMdha meM spinI ko to vilApa (hArdika kheda) karanA pdd'aa| roma kA 'denAriyasa' ( denarius ) bhArata ke bAjAroM meM adhikAdhika prApta hone lagA thA aura saMbhavataH sarakArI khajAne 1. DA. je. sI. jaina, Life in Ancient India as depicted in the Jaina canons (Bombay, 1947 ) p. 120. (68)
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________________ 536 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka graMtha jainadharma kI prAcInatA kucha " 1 3 bhI use svIkAra karane lage the / san 447 A. D. ke bAiprAma ( Baigram ) tAnapAtroM meM, jo ki kumAragupta prathama ke zAsanakAla meM preSita kie gae the, baMjara bhUmiyoM kA chaH ' dInAroM ' ( dinaras ) aura bagIce lagI huI bhUmiyoM kA ATha 'rUpakoM ' ( rupakas) meM kharIdakA ullekha hai / ye 'dInAra ' ( dinsras ) yA to roma ke 'denAriyasa' ( denarius ) athavA usI mApa ke bhAratIya sone ke sikke rahe hoMge / hamArI svadezIya svarNamudrAeM jinako 'suvarNa' ( Suvarna ) kahA jAtA thA, tola meM 16 mAsA athavA 80 ratti (lagabhaga 144 grena) kI huA karatI thIM / parantu isa parimANa kI koI purAnI mudrA hameM prApta nahIM huI hai / " kuzANa evaM prArambhika gupta mahArAjAoM ke sone ke sikke ' aureyuoM ' ( aureus ) ke mApa se samAnatA prakaTa karate haiM / unakA vajana lagabhaga 120 grena kA thA / prAcIna abhilekhoM se bhI yaha vidita hotA hai ki ye svarNamudrAeM hamAre svadezIya nAma 'suvarNa' ke dvArA saMbodhita na kI jAkara roma se prApta ' dInAra' nAma se saMbodhita kI jAtI thI / bAda meM gupta samrAToM ne ina mudrAoM kA vajana zanaiH zanaiH bar3hA kara 'suvarNa' ke barAbara karane kA prayatna kiyA / 114 " dUsare AgamoM ke alAvA ' uttarAdhyayana' 20.42, meM eka kRtrima ( Kuda= kUDa) ' kahAvaNa' (Kahavana) athavA 'kArSApaNa ' ( Karshapana ) mudrA kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai / sAtha hI 'sUtrakRtAMga - sUtra' (Sutrakrtanga-sutra ) 2. 2, aura ' uttarAdhyayana 8, 17, meM 'mAsa ' ( Masa) 'addhamAsa' (Addhamasa ) aura ' ruvaga' (Ruvaga) kA saMketa milatA hai | uttarAdhyayana meM ' suvaNNamAsaya' ( Suvannamasaya ) kA bhI 1 ullekha hai / ataH jisa prakAra se sone, cAMdI evaM tAMbe 'kArSApaNoM' kA pracalana thA usI 2. Ep. Ind., Vol. XXI, pp. 81-2. bahuta saMbhava hai ki vyApArika lenadena roma ke ' denAriyasa' ke mAdhyama se hI kie jAte rahe hoM evaM usI tola va mAna ( Standard ) kI gupta - kAlIna mudrAoM ko 'dInAra' na kahA jA kara kisI anya nAma se alatekara ke vicAra bhI jinakA uddharaNa yahA~ diyA gayA hai- kAphI sAra bhI ' suvarNoM' ke viSaya meM nirdeza karanevAle nAsika ke zilAlekha 10 ( inser. 10 ) meM 'nahApanA' ke suvarNoM kA ullekha milatA hai jo 144 mena ke na hokara 120 grena ke haiM / gupta kAla kI mudrAoM kA nAma saMbhavata: 'suvarNa' hI rahA ho, yadyapi 120 grena ke hI, aura jinako ki bAda meM baDhA kara 144 grena kA kara diyA gayA ho / CF. Dr. Altekar in JNSI, II, pp. 4 ff. 3-Manu. VIII, 34-36. -Dr. Altekar, A. S., 'Relative Prices of Metals and coins in Ancient India' JNSI., Vol. II. P. 2, 5. 'udayajAtaka' meM bhI nirdeza milatA hai| JNSI Vol. XII, pt., 2, p. 194 pukArA jAtA rahA ho, yadyapi DA. saMbhAvya pratIta hote haiM / unake anu
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________________ aura usakA prasAra prAcIna jaina sAhitya meM mudrA saMbaMdhI tathya / prakAra se choTI mudrAaiM bhI jinako 'mASa' ( Masha ) kahA jAtA thA, sone, cAMdI evaM tAMbe kI pracalita thiiN| hAM, 'ruvaga' ( Raushyaka =raupyaka) saMbhavataH eka cheda kI huI ( Punch-marked ) cAMdI kI mudrA ko hI kahA jAtA thA; parantu isa saMbaMdha meM hari* bhadra kI ukti se, jisa para hama Age cala kara vicAra kareMge, sUcita hotA hai ki 'rupyaka' rajata mudrA ko kahA jAtA thA jo tola meM 32 ratti athavA lagabhaga 57 prena kI (jaisA ki 'purANa' 'dharaNa' athavA 'kArSApaNa' nAmaka rajatamudrAe~ huA karatI thI ) nahIM hotI thI aura jo saMbhavataH pratyeka rajatamudrA ke lie athavA ardha-drAma* mudrAoM ke lie eka sAmAnya nAma ke rUpa meM vyavahRta hotI thiiN| ina ardhadAma mudrAoM kA pracalana pArthiyana aura skithiyanoM dvArA kiyA gayA thA evaM unake anantara 'valabhI evaM gupta zAsakoM dvArA mI usakA anusaraNa kiyA gayA / ye mudrAe~ sAdhAraNatayA alpa vajanI huA karatI thIM jisakA saMbhavita kAraNa isa sapheda dhAtu kI kamI hI pratIta hotI hai| 'upAsaka-dazAMga-sUtra'( Upasakadasanga-Sutra ) meM hameM hiraNya-suvarNa (hiranya suvarna ) kA ullekha milatA hai jisakA varNana umAsvAmI athavA umAsvAti ( U. masvami or Umas vati ) ke tatvArtha-sUtra ( Tattvartha-Suura ) meM bhI kiyA gayA hai| yaha antima graMtha usa samaya likhA gayA thA jaba zvetAMbaroM aura digambaroM ke ApasI yaha bheda vicchedAvasthA kI carama sImA taka nahIM pahu~ce the aura isalie isakA kAla C. 200-300 A. D. kA nirdiSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai / ina varNanoM meM 'hiraNya' zabda sone, cAMdI athavA kImatI dhAtu ( Bullion ) ke artha meM prayukta huA hai, jabaki 'suvarNa' zabda se svarNa mudrAoM kA abhiprAya ho rahA jaisA ki mahAbhArata, aSTAdhyAyI aura arthazAstra se spaSTa hai / jAtakoM meM bhI aisA hI varNana milatA hai| * DrAma ( drachm)-60 grena / anu. 6. isa TAipa ke sikkoM kA eka bahuta hI sAdhAraNa nAma 'drama' ( Dramina ) par3a gayA thaa| 7. Dr. Altekar, A. S. Relative Prices of Metals and coinsin Ancient India, JNSI., Vol. 11, pp. 1 ff. 8. tattvArthasUtra (saM.-phUlacandrajI zAstrI) VII. 29, Text, p. 28 / buddha 'jAtaka' meM mI (VI. 79 ) / of. DA0 vI0 esa0 apravAla kA adhyakSIya bhASaNa, JNSI, Vol. XII, p. 194. / 9. jaina kalpasUtra meM mahAvIra ke jIvanakAla meM 'hiraNya' aura 'suvarNa' kA ekAdhika bAra ullekha milatA hai jahA~ 'hiraNya' kA prayoga bahumUlya dhAtuoM ke lie kiyA gayA pratIta hotA hai|
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________________ 538 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pratha jainadharma kI prAcInatA saMghadAsa vAcaka kI 'vasudevahinDi' (Vasudevahindi) IzA ke pazcAt tIsarI-cauthI zatAbdI ke bhArata ke sAMskRtika tatvoM ke jJAna kI eka amUlya khAna hai| yaha graMtha guNADhya kI 'bRhat-kathA' ( Brhat Katha ) para AdhArita hai aura sAmAnyarUpa se isakA kAla C. 400 A. D. se kucha pUrva sthApita kiyA jA sakatA hai| isa meM varNita eka kathA ke anusAra eka lakar3ahArA saMpUrNa dina ke kaThina parizrama ke pazcAt eka eka 'kAhAvaNa' ( Kahavana) prApta kara sakA jisakA tAtparya saMbhavata: eka tAMbe ke 'kArSApaNa' se hI hai / eka dUsarI jagaha eka tittiri pakSI kA eka kahAvaNa' meM bikane kA ullekha hai jisase bhI isa tAMbe ke sikke kA hI nirdeza milatA hai|" isa graMtha meM kUDa-dINAra' (Kida-dinara ) arthAt kRtrima dInAroM kA bhI ullekha hai|" eka dUsare prasaMga meM eka vyakti se ratisenA nAmaka vaizyA ko 108 'dInAra' dene ke lie kahA gayA hai| ___ kahA jAtA hai ki marubhUmi meM se guz2ara rahe eka kAphile meM lenadena (Vyavahara= vyavahAra ) kI sugamatA ke lie apanI eka gAr3I para 'paNoM' ( Panas) se bharA eka bastA lAda rakhA thA / saMyoga se bastA lur3haka gayA aura sAre 'paNa' bhUmi para bikhara ge| vyApArI jaba unheM bahorane ke prayatna meM lagA to usake pathapradarzakoMne eka kahAvata ke mAdhyama se use cetAvanI dI / jisakA tAtparya thA ki sAmAnya 'kAgaNI' (Kagand, Sk. Kokini=kAkiNI ) ke lie lAkhoM kI jokhama mata utthaaiye|" uparokta kathana se saMketa milatA hai ki 'paNa' evaM ' kAkiNI' donoM hI alpa mUlya kI mudrAeM thiiN| vimalasUri ke 'paumacariyam ' (Paumcariyam) meM bhI kahA gayA hai ki jo vyakti tyAga, tapa evaM AtmazAsana ko tilAMjalI dekara sukha evaM indriyoM ke vazIbhUta ho jAte haiM ve una vyaktiyoM ke sadRza haiM jo eka tuccha kAgaNI ke lie bahumUlya hIre se hAtha dho baiThate haiN|" isa graMtha meM * dInAroM' kA bhI ullekha hai aura jhUThe tola va mApoM ke pracalana evaM vinimaya mudrAoM ke saMbaMdha meM bhI varNana milatA hai| isa graMtha kA nirmANakAla isI ke eka antima pada ke anusAra, mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke 530 varSa pazcAt kahA gayA hai parantu isake AlocanAtmaka adhyayana ne vidvAnoM ko ukta kathana para zaMkAyeM 10. muni punyavijayajIdvArA do volyUmoM meM saMpAdita, bhAvanagara / 11. Op. Cit., Vol. 11, p. 268 aura Vol. 1, p. 57. / 12. Vol. 1, p. 42. 13. Vol. 11, p. 289. 14. Vol. 1, p. 15. 15. pomacariyama' 118, 107, pR0 335 / 16. Ibid., 2. 19 / ( Ibid=usI graMtha meM)
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________________ 539 aura usakA prasAra prAcIna jaina sAhitya meM mudrA saMbaMdhI tathya / prakaTa karane ke lie prerita kiyA hai / sAdhAraNa rUpa se ise vikrama saMvat 530 kA mAna lenA zreyaskara hogaa| 'bRhat-kalpa-bhASya ' ( Brhat-Kalpa-Bhashya ) prAcIna bhAratIya saMskRti para prakAza DAlanevAlA eka mahatvapUrNa graMtha hai| jisakA nirmANa saMbhavataH chaThI zatAbdi (IzvI) meM kiyA gayA / usake 1959 veM padya meM likhA hai:-" kavaDugamAdI taMbe, rUppe pIte taheva kevaDie // " isa para TIkA karate hue kSemakIrti (c. 1332 V.S.) likhate haiM:"kadarpakAdayo mArgayitvA tasya dIyante / tAmramayaM vA nANakaM yad vyavahriyate yathA dakSiNApathe kAkiNI / rUpamayaM vA nANakaM bhavati yathA bhillamAle drammaH / pItaM nAma suvarNa tanmayaM vA nANakaM bhavati, yathA pUrvadeze dInAraH / 'kevaDiko' nAma yathA tatraiva pUrvadeze ketarAbhidhAno naannkvishessH|" bRhat-kalpa-bhASya, Vol. 11, pR. 573. / uparokta ' bhASya gAthA' para TIkA karate samaya TIkAkAra ke sammukha isI para kI eka prAcIna cUrNi ( curni ) avazya rahI hogI aura isIlie unake pramANa sAtavIM zatAbdi A. D. kI paraMparAoM se bAda kI kisI paraMparA para AdhArita nahIM ho sakate / uparokta uddharaNa se prakaTa hai ki 'kAkiNI' dakSiNA patha ke eka taMbe ke sikke ko kahA jAtA thaa| 'dramma' eka cAMdI kI mudrA kA nAma thA jo bhillamAla meM pracalita thI" (mAunTa AbU ke uttara pazcima, arthAt mAravADa meM ) aura ' svarNa dInAra' kA vyavahAra bhArata ke pUrvI bhAgoM meM huA karatA thaa| 'kevaDika ' jo ki ketara ' ke nAma se bhI prasiddha hai pUrva deza kI eka pracalita mudrA thii| 'bRhat-kalpa-bhAdhya ' ke nimnokta padoM se kaI viziSTa mudrAoM ke vinimaya daroM kA saMketa milatA hai: "do sAmaragA dIviccagA tu so uttarApathe ekko / do uttarApahA puNa, pADaliputto havati ekko / / 3291 // 17. 'kAkiNI ' ke lie DA. agravAla, op. cit.. P. 202. ko bhI dekhIye, jahA ki unhoMne 'kAkinI' aura bodI ( Bodi ) ke bAre meM carcA kI hai| aura bhI dekhiye-JNSI. Vol. VIII pt. 2, pp. 138 ff. DaMDIne bhI apane 'dazakumAra carita' meM isa mudrA kA ullekha kiyA hai| 18. DA. jainane jaina 'nizIthacUNi' kA ullekha kiyA hai ( Mss. meM ) jisameM kahA gayA hai,-"rUpamayaM vA nANakaM bhavati yathA millamAle drammaH / " aura bhI dekhiye- DA. agravAla, op. cit. P. 201. 19. isa bAta para DA. agravAla ( op. cit. P. 199 ) se sahamata ho sakanA kaThina pratIta hotA hai ki 'ketara' ketara kuzANoM kI mudrA thI kyoM ki unakA adhikAra ( zAsana) paMjAba para thA, na ki pUrvI bhArata para /
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________________ 540 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-paMtha jainadharma kI prAcInatA do dakSiNAvahA tU , kaMcIe Nelao sa duguNo ya / ego kusumanagarago, teNa paramANaM imaM hoti // 3292 // " arthAt-'dvIpa' ke 2 ' sAbharakoM'' uttarApatha' kI 1 rajata mudrA, * uttarApatha' kI 2 mudrAe~='pATaliputra' kI 1 rajata mudrA / 'dakSiNApatha'kI 2 rajata mudrAyeM ='drAviDa deza'kI 'kAMcIpurI' kI eka neLaka'(Nelaka) 'kAMcIpurI' ke 2 ' neLaka '=' kusumapura' arthAt 'pATaliputra' kI 1 rajata mudrA / yaha uparokta kathana nIce kI isa TippaNI se spaSTa ho jAtA hai:-" dvIpaM nAma surASTrAyA dakSiNasyAM dizi samudramavagAhya yad vartate tadIyau dvau sAbharako rUpako sa uttarApathe eko rUpako bhavati / dvau ca uttarApatha rUpako pATaliputraka: eko rUpako bhavati / athavA dakSiNApathau dvau rUpako kAJcIpuryA draviDaviSayapratibaddhayAH eka nelakaH rUpako bhavati / saH kAmavIpurIrUpako dviguNitaH san kusumanagarasatka eko rUpako bhavati / kusumapuraM pATaliputramabhidhIyate / " Op. Cit., Vol., IV, P. 1069 / _' dvIpa ' athavA 'dIva' kA 'surASTra' ke dakSiNa meM samudra para sthita honA dhyAna dene yogya bAta hai| yaha vartamAna purtagAla adhinastha pradeza -- dIva' hI honA cAhie jaisA ki 11 vIM zatAbdI A. D. meM nirmita ' pravacana sAroddhAra 20 ke ina padoM para kI gaI 'pravacanasAroddhAra-TIkA ' meM nirdiSTa isakI saurASTra se dUrI ke vivaraNa se spaSTa hai / parantu kSemakIrti isa prakAra kA nirdeza nahIM karate ki yaha saurASTra ke taTa se eka yojana dUra samudra para avasthita thA / DA. motIcandra * dIva' meM pracalita 'sAbharako' kA islAmapUrva kI mudrA ' sabeana' ( Sabean ) se saMbaMdha sthApita karate haiM / ' Avazyaka cargI' ( Avasyaka earni ) ( 0 676 A. D. ) meM / dvIpa' aura 'joNa' ko pretabhUmi ( mataga-leNa ) kahA gayA hai / neLaka ' ke viSaya meM abhItaka kucha mAlUma nahIM huA hai / kyA yaha pallavoM kI koI mudrA thI ? aura bhI adhika mahatvapUrNa pramANa to chaThI zatAbdI A. D. ke aprakAzita graMtha 20. siddhasena kI TIkA sahita nemicandra kI pravacanasAroddhAra ', pada 797-99 aura TippaNI,Vol. 11, pp. 233 ff. yaha TippaNI ( comm.) isa prakAra hai: dvIpazcayaH surASTAmaNDale dakSiNasyAM dizi yojanamAtramavagAhya tiSThati so'tra gRhyate. 21. DA. je. sI. jaina, op. cit, P. 201 aura P. 120 dekhiye /
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________________ aura usakA prasAra prAcIna jaina sAhitya meM mudrA saMbaMdhI tathya | 1 - aMgavijjA ( Angavijja ) se prApta hote haiN| isake nirdeza ke lie maiM munizrI puNyavijayajI kA AbhArI hU~ / graMtha bilakula zuddha hai / isameM dravyoM aura zabdoM ko puMliMga ( puNNAma ), saffron aura napuMsaka liMga ke hisAba ke kramabaddha kiyA gayA hai jaisA ki vyAkaraNa ke niyamAnusAra Avazyaka nahIM thA / isake prathama varga meM hameM ye padya milate haiM:suvaNa mAsako vatti tahA rayayamAsao / dINAramAsako vattitadho NANaM ca mAsako / / 185 / / kahApaNo khattapako purANo tti va jo vade / saterako titaM sarvvaM puraNAmasamamAdise || 186 // " ' aMgavijjA' 9 vA~ adhyAya puNNAma-paTala | 64 541 , 6 isa prakAra svarNa mudrAoM ke tAratamya meM sabase choTI mudrA 'mASaka' ( Mashakas ) thI" jise ' suvarNamASaka ' kahA jAtA thA aura sabase vaDI mudrA thI ' suvarNa ' / gupta samrAToM kI svarNamudrAoM kA nirdeza karane ke hetu isa 'suvarNa' kA prayoga karanA maiM upayukta samajhatA hU~ | rajata mudrAoM kI zreNI meM sabase choTI mudrA rajatamASaka ' thI aura dInAramASaka ' roma ke svarNa ' denAriyasa ' ( athavA kuzANa aura guptazreNI kI 120 grenavAlI mudrAoM) kI paMkti kI sabase choTI mudrA rahI hogI / isake uparAMta " tadho nANaM ca mAsako ' ( sk tathA nANaM ca mASako ) kathana se sAdhAraNatayA laghutama tAmra mudrA kA bhAna hotA hai aura isI lie ise sirpha ' mASaka' hI kahA gayA hai / aura taba ' kahApaNa ' athavA ' kArSApaNa ' kA ullekha AtA hai / 6 1 yahA~ hameM ' khattapaka ' arthAt ' kSatrapaka4 ' kA prathama bAra ullekha milatA hai jo ki spaSTa rUpa se ( pazcimI ) kSatrapoM ke bAre meM haiN| agalA zabda hai ' porANa " ' ( Sk. 22. ' raupya - mASaka - zreNI kI mudrAoM' ke lie DA0 vI0 esa0 agravAla kA patra JNSI. Vol. XIII, pp. 164 ff meM dekhie / hamAre uparokta graMtha meM ' dInAra - mASaka ' kA ullekha mahatvapUrNa hai / 23. ' nANaM' kA prayoga yahA~ anya jaina graMthoM kI taraha sAdhAraNa artha meM huA hai, na kuzANa kAla kI tAmramudrAoM ke artha meM, jaisA ki DA. aprabAla 'mRcchakaTika' ( Mrchchhakatika) ke eka uddharaNa se prakaTa karate haiN| dekhiye - JNSI, Vol. XII. pt. 2, p. 199 / 24. yahA~ hameM prathama bAra kSatrapoM kI mudrAoM ke lie ' kSatrapaka' zabdaprayoga milatA hai| 'rudra damaka' ( Rudradamaka ) kA ullekha baddhaghoSa ke ' samantapasadika' meM kiyA gayA hai, jisakI zrI sI0 DI0 caTarjIne JUPHS. Vol. VI, pp. 156-173, aura DA0 DI0 sI0 sarakArane JNSI. Vol. XIII, pt. 2, pp. 187 If meM vivecanA kI hai| 30 25. isakA vajana 16 bhASA 32 ratA athavA lagabhaga 57 mena hai / JNSI, Vol. 11 p. 2.
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________________ 542 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha jainadharma kI prAcInatA 'purANa' ) jisakA saMbaMdha prAcIna cheda kI huI rajata mudrA se hai| 'sateraka ' bhI eka ullekhanIya zabda hai jisake bAre meM DA. motIcandrane mujhe kRpA karake batalAyA hai ki isakA saMbaMdha yunAnI statera ( Stater ) se hai| sAtavIM zatAbdI A. D. meM racita 'nizIthacUrNi' ( Nisitheirni ) meM kahA gayA hai " kavaDugA se dijaMti, tAjhamayaM vA jaM NANagaM vavaharaMti, taM dijaMti / jahA dakkhiNAvahe kAgaNI ruppamayaM jahA bhillamAle cmmlaato|" __ isa prakAra isa meM * kapaIkoM ' ( Kaparddakas ) athavA ' kovariyoM' (Cowries) kA ullekha hai aura kahA gayA hai ki vyApAra tAmramudrAoM ( Nanakam=nANakam ) kI sahAyatA se bhI kiyA jAtA thA, yathAH-dakSiNa patha meM ' kAgaNi ' se aura bhillamAla meM rajatamudrA arthAt 'cammalAta' ( Chammalata ) se / DA. sandesarane eka atyanta pravINa prastAva kiyA hai ki brAhmI ke 'va' aura 'ca' meM sAdRSya hone ke kAraNa bahuta saMbhava hai ki-vammalAta ' ko , cammalAna ' samajha liyA gayA ho; isa hAlata meM inakA saMbaMdha -- varmalATa ' kI mudrA se sthApita kiyA jA sakatA hai jisako ki hama sAtavIM zatAbdI A. D. ke vasantagandhA zilAlekha se bhillamAla ke 'cApotkaTa' (Capotkata) zAsaka ke rUpa meM jAnate haiN| ___ nizIthacUrNi' meM * mayUrAka ' ( Mayaranka) mudrAoM kA bhI ullekha hai jo avazya hI kumAragupta prathama kI mudrAeM rahI hoMgI / ' AvazyakacUrNi' meM ('nizIthacUrNi' ke racayitA jinadAsa dvArA hI 7 vIM zatAbdI meM racita ) kRtrima 'rUvagoM' athavA 'rupyakoM' kA nirdeza milatA hai| isa meM eka jagaha 'dInAroM se bharI huI eka sone kI rakAbI aura eka dUsarI jagaha eka hajAra 'dInAroM' kA bhI varNana milatA hai| phira 'DramakoM' se pari. pUrNa eka 'naulaoM' ( naulao, Sk. Nakulaka=' nakulaka' ) arthAt rupayoM kI "naLI 26. 'jaina Agamomana gujarAta ' ( gujarAtI meM ) by DA. bI. je0 saMdesarA (ahamadAbAda. 1952) p. 180 f. 1 'lekhapaddhati' ke AdhArapara DA. sandesarA ne batAyA hai ki 'zrImala ' ( bhillamAla ) dambha ko 'paraupatha dramma kahA jAtA thA, saMdesara op. cit. p. 181 aura JNSI, Vol. V111, pt. 2, pp. 932 ff. 1 zAnti sUri kI 'uttarAdhyanasUtra' para likhI huI vRtti (Vrtti on the Uttaradnyayana-Sutra ) (pR. 272) ke anusAra, jisakA ki nirmANa 11 vIM zatAbdI A. D. meM huvA thaa| eka 'kAkiNI' 20 kapakoM ( Kaparddakas ) ke barAbara hai|| 27. 'naulao' (nakulaka ) zabda purAnI gujarAtI meM ' ( Noli ) vana jAtA hai| Azcarya kI bAta to yaha hai ki svayaM dhanAdhipati kubera bhI prAyaH apane hAtha meM eka 'nakula' rakhate haiN| isI
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________________ aura usakA prasAra prAcIna jaina sAhitya meM mudrA saMbaMdhI tathya / 543 ( money-bag ) kA bhI ullekha hai / yaha 'damma ' ( damma ) athavA 'dramaka' ( dram. aka ) anyAnya lekhakoM ke ' dramma ' (dramma ) kA hI parivartita rUpa hai / isa pustaka meM hameM eka aura nAma milatA hai aura yaha hai ' pAyaMka' ( Payanka ) athavA 'pAdAMka' ( Pidinka) / DA0 agravAla ise inDo-sastaniyana ( Indo-Sassanian ) mudrA mAnate hai aura 'pada' athavA 'pAda ' kA artha ' padacihna ' se karate haiM / yahA~ para yaha nirdeza kara denA ucita hogA ki haribhadrasUrikI AvazyakavRtti' ke chape hue saMskaraNa meM isI prasaMga meM ' pAyaMka' zabda milatA hai na ki ' payaMka' arthAt ' pAdAMka' na ki ' pdaaNk'| 'vyavahAra bhASya ' ke kAlakA kucha patA nahIM milatA, para isako sAtavIM zatAbdI athavA usake kucha pUrva kI kRti mAnA jA sakatA hai / isameM jaisA ki DA0 jaina kahate haiM, ' paNika ' ( Pannika ) nAmaka eka dUsarI hI mudrA kA ullekha milatA hai jisako DA0 agravAla ne pahicAna kara ' parNika' ( Parnik ) nAmaka mudrA se ekya sthApita kiyA hai jo ki sassaniyoM kI eka jAti ' parNi' ( Parnis ) kI mudrA thI jinakI bhASA 'pahalvi' (Pahlvi) thI aura jinake sAmrAjya ke pratiSThAtA araseksa" (Arasecs)the| haribhadrasUri apane graMthoM meM * dInAroM * suvoM' : rUvagoM' aura ' pAyakoM' kA ullekha karate haiN| una graMthoM meM varNita mudrA saMbaMdhI pramANoM se prakaTa hotA hai ki inakA kAla aura jinadAsa kA kAla eka hI rahA hogaa| isa tathya se mere anyatra vyakta kie gae vicAroM ko sahArA milatA hai jinameM maiMne anyAnya pramANoM ke AdhAra para yaha batalAyA hai ki yaha mahAna jaina adhyAtmavAdI, kavi, dArzanika aura naiyAyika, jinadAsa kA alpavayaska (Junior ) samakAlIna thA / haribhadra kI AkhirI sImA C. 700 A. D honI caahie| hemacandra ' paNoM' ke bAre meM kucha upayogI sUcanA dete haiM / (unakA kAla 1150 A. D.) ve kahate haiM ki eka ' kArSApaNa' solaha paNoM ke barAbara hai / yathA:-"kApaNaH kApaNam-mAnavizeSaH paNaSoDazakam , zAkaTAyanasya / prajJAdyaNi kArSApaNaH kArSApaNamityapi kAraNa unakA 'mani-bega' (Moneybag) 'nakulaka' bana jAtA hai| AvazyakacUrNi' pR. 550. 553, 557 meM 'ruvaga' ke lie, 'dInAra' ke lie pR. 565, 'payaMka' ke lie pR. 562 aura 'naulao damena thavito' ke lie pR0 550 dekhie / 28. JNSI. Vol. XII, pt. 2. 2001 29. DA. je. sI. jaina op. cit. p. 120 / aura DA. vI0 esa0 agravAla, adhyakSIya bhASaNa, JNSI. Vol. XII pt. 2. P. 200. 30. -- samareccakaha ' ( Samaraicekaha) pR. 171, 746, 244, 561 / 'Avazyakapatti' pR. 423, 432 /
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________________ 544 zrImad vijayarAjendrabhUri-smAraka-paMtha jainadharma kI prAcInatA yad gauDaH- 'kArSApaNo'strI kArSike paNeSu SoDasasvapi / "-hemacandrakI 'liMgAnuzAsana' ( linganusasana ) para 'svopajJa vRtti' (Sropaji avrtti ) (AcArya lAvaNyavijaya dvArA saMpAdita ) kA adhyAya 5 (v). pada 15, pR. 66 / / DA0 agravAlane 'kArSApaNa' ke 'viMzaTika' (Vimsatika) aura triMzaTike (Trinm. stika) bhedoM para vicAra kiyA hai jo kramazaH 20 mASA (40 ratti-75 prena) aura 30 mASA (60 ratti-110 grena ) ke haiM aura batalAyA haiM ve bahuta hI prAcIna samaya meM pUrvI bhArata meM mile haiM / " hemacandra ke anusAra eka kArSApaNa' 16 'paNoM ke samAna hai / aba yadi hama smaraNa kareM ki 'vAsudevahiMDi' meM ise eka bahuta choTI mudrA kahA gayA hai to hameM aisA bhAna hone lagatA hai ki 'paNa' avazya hI eka tAmra 'kArSApaga' ke barAbara rahI hogii| yahA~ yaha batalAnA ucita hogA ki 'nArada' meM bhI 'paNa' ke viSaya meM ullekha milatA hai jo ki (rajata) - kArSApaNa' kA solahavA hissA thaa| hemacandra ke prakaraNa se prakaTa hotA hai ki kArSASaNa' joki solaha 'parNo' ke barAbara hotA thA, prAcIna samaya meM pazcimI bhArata meM pracalita thA / para hame yaha nahIM samajhanA cAhie ki svayaM hemacandra ke samaya meM bhI isakA pracalana thaa| ve to saMbhavataH pazcimI bhArata kI prAcIna paraMparAoM kA ullekha bhara kara rahe the| 31. JUPHS. Vol. XI, pp. 74 ff; vol. XII, pt. 1, pp. 7 ff. 32. DA0 e, esa0 antaikara, op. cit. p. 3 aura p. 17 ff.
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________________ rAjapUtAnA meM jainadharma DaoN. vAsudeva upAdhyAya, paTanA vizvavidyAlaya prAcIna bhArata meM jainamata ke prasAra ke sambandha meM vizeSa kahane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai / samasta bhArata meM isa dharma kA pracAra ho gayA thA aura ise lokapriya banAne meM rAjA tathA prajA donoM saMlagna rahe / madhyayuga taka isa dharma kA pravAha avicchinna rUpa se calatA rahA, parantu pUrvamadhya yuga (700 I0 se 1290 I. taka ) meM utarI bhArata meM isake hAsa ke cinha prakaTa hone lage the| vizeSatayA pUrvI bhAga meM jainadharma kI avanati spaSTa rUpa se dRSTigocara hotI hai / uDIsA ke kalAtmaka namUne-udayagiri tathA khaNDagiri kI guhA tathA lekha IsavI pUrva meM isa mata kI sthiti ke dyotaka haiM aura pUrvI bhArata meM jainamata ke pracAra kI ghoSaNA karate haiM / kintu yaha Azcarya kA viSaya hai ki pUrvamadhyayuga meM usa bhUbhAga ke zAsakagaNa kI prazastiyoM meM jainadharma sambandhI ullekha kA abhAva dikhalAI par3atA hai| yo to pahAr3apura se prApta eka tAmrapatra meM eka brAhmaNa dvArA kucha bhUmi kharIdane kA varNana milatA hai jisakI Aya se arhata ke pUjA nimitta caMdana, puSpa, dhUpa tathA dIpa kA prabaMdha kiyA gayA thaa| 'vihAre bhagavatAM aItAM gandha dhUpa sumana dIpAdyartham'-e. i. bhA. 2. pR. 6 yaha jaina vihAra uttarI baMgAla meM taiyAra kiyA gayA thA aura nigraMtha upadezaka usakI dekharekha karatA thA / isake atirikta cInI yAtrI TenasAMga ke kathanAnusAra nigraMtha logoM ke devAlaya baMgAla meM vartamAna the| itanA hI nahIM, pUrvI bhArata ke aneka kendroM se tIrthaMkaroM kI pratimAyeM bhI upalabdha huI haiN| dInAjapura se RSabhanAtha, vardavAna se zAMtinAtha tathA vAMkuDA se pArzvanAtha kI mUrtiyAM vizeSa ullekhanIya haiN| parantu uttarI bhArata ke samasta purAtatva sAmagriyoM para vicAra karane se pUrvI bhArata ke jaina namUne nagaNya ho jAte haiN| isI AdhAra para yaha kahA jA cukA hai ki pUrva madhyayuga meM jainamata kI avanati Arambha ho gaI thii| jo kalAtmaka udAharaNa mile haiM vaha kucha vyaktiyoM ke jainamata se prema tathA zAsaka ke dhArmika sahiSNutA ke dyotaka haiM / sambhavataH pAla zAsana ke prArambha hote hI baMgAla se jainamata kA paira ukhar3a gayA aura rAjapUtAnA meM zaraNa milI / rAjapUtAnA se prApta lekhoM taka evaM anya purAtattva sAmagriyoM ke adhyayana se yaha jJAta hotA hai ki 8 vIM sadI se rAjapUtAnA tathA pazcimI bhArata meM jainamata kendrita ho gayA thA / dasavIM
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________________ 546 bhImad vijayarAjendrari-smAraka-graMtha jainadharma kI prAcInatA sadI se bArahavIM zatAbdI taka rAjapUtAnA meM jainadharmAvalambI rAjA tathA prajA kAryazIla the jisase yaha mata lokapriya ho gyaa| rAjapUtAne meM zAsana karanevAle cAhamAna rAjAoM ke lekhoM se isa bAta kI puSTi hotI hai| rAjA thallaka kI prazasti meM ullekha milatA hai ki vaha jainadharmaparAyaNa thaa| usIke vaMzaja kakukarAjane bhagavAn zAMtinAtha kI pUjA nimitta zivarAtri parva para ATha mudrA dAna meM dI thiiN| usI prasaMga meM yaha bhI varNita hai ki zAMtinAtha kI sundara pratimA kA nirmANa usake pitAmahane kiyA thApitAmahena tasyedaM zamIyATyAM jinAlaye / kAritaM zAMtinAthasya vimbaM janamanoharam / / (e0 i0 bhA0 11, pR0 32) / dUsare lekha meM pArzvanAtha ke maMdira nirmANa kA varNana pAyA jAtA hai jo san 1169 I0 meM taiyAra kiyA gayA / usa lekha kA maMgalAcaraNa OM namo vItarAgAya se prArambha hotA hai tathA prathama pada meM tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kI prArthanA kI gaI hai ( e0 i0 bhA0 26 pR0 89) / isase yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki prazasti kisI jaina dvArA hI utkIrNa karAI gaI thii| cAhamAna rAjA ke jainadharma premI hone ke atirikta isa mata ke pracura pracAra kA AbhAsa milatA hai / jAlora kI prazasti meM bhI samarasiMhadeva dvArA pArzvanAtha ke maMdira nirmANa kA bivaraNa milatA hai jisake vizAla dhvajastambha ko zAsakane hI khar3A kiyA thA zrIpArzvanAthadeve toraNAdinAM pratiSThAkArya kRte mUlazikhare va kanakamayadhvajAH daNDasya dhvajAropaNapratiSThAyAM kRtAyAM // (e0 i0 bhA0 11 pR0 55) cAhamAna rAjA rAjadeva kI mAravAra prazasti meM zrI bhagavAna mahAvIra ke maMdira tathA sthAnIya jaina sAdhuoM ke bhojana nimitta vibhinna dAna kA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai: zrI mahAvIracaitye-sAdhutapodhananiSThArthe / (e0 i0 bhA0 11 pR0 43) isa prakAra rAjapUtAnA ke cAhamAna rAjAoM ke lekhoM se jainadharma sambandhI aneka viSayoM kA jJAna hameM hotA hai / mahAvIra, pArzvanAtha tathA zAMtinAtha ke upAsakoM tathA una tIrthaMkaroM ke pUjA prakAra kA vRttAMta hI upalabdha nahIM hotA apitu jainadharma ke pracAra kA jJAna hotA hai / uttarI bhArata meM usa samaya rAjapUtAnA meM hI isa dharma ko vizeSa Azraya milA thA / yaha kahanA kaThina hai ki cAhamAna nareza jainadharmAvalambI the; parantu yaha to nirvivAda hai ki jainamata se unakA gaharA prema thA / maMdira tathA pratimAnirmANa ke liye dAna bhI dete rhe| __ mAlavA ke paramAra rAjA bhI isa dharma kI ora vizeSa rUpa se jhuke the| san 1109 meM RSabhanAtha ke maMdira tathA pratimA nirmANa kA vistRta varNana paramAra prazasti meM pAyA jAtA hai / jainamata kA maMgalAcaraNa-OM namo vItarAgAya yaha ghoSita karatA hai ki prazasti jainadharma se sambandhita hai, yaha kahanA aprAsaMgika na hogA ki prasiddha vaiSNavamaMtra-OM namo vAsudevAya yA
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________________ aura usakA prasAra rAjapUtAnA meM jainadharma / OM namo nArAyaNAya ke sadRza hI isa jainamaMtra kI bhI vizeSatA thii| sambhavataH yaha vaiSNava mata kA prabhAva hI thA ki jaina lekhoM meM isa prakAra ke maMgalAcaraNa kA prayoga hone lagA thaa| isa maMtra ke pazcAt pahalA pada bhI tIrthaMkara ke prArthanA nimitta likhA jAtA thaa| paramAra lekha meM nimna paMktiyoM meM prArthanA milatI hai sa jayatu jinabhAnuH bhavyarAjIva rAjI, janitavaravikAzo dattalokaprakAzaH / parasamayatamomine sthitaM yatpurastAt kSaNamapi cayasAsadvAdi khadyotakaizca // isa pazcAt RSabhanAtha ke vizAla maMdira ke nirmANa kA varNana hai (tenAkAritaM manoharaM jinagRhaM bhUmeridaM bhUSaNam ) / prazasti ke aMta meM rAjapUtAnA ke jainiyoM dvArA RSabhanAtha kI mUrtikI pratiSThA kA ullekha sundara zabdoM meM kiyA gayA hai-[ zrIvRSabhanAthanAmnaH pratiSThitaM bhUSaNena bimba midaM e. i0 bhA0 21, pR0 54 ] ___ isa AdhAra para yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki isavIM se 12 vIM sadI taka rAjapUtAnA meM jainadharma kA vizeSa rUpa se prasAra ho gayA thaa| sAdhAraNa janatA tathA zAsakoM dvArA upAsanA tathA protsAhana kA ullekha prazastiyoM meM spaSTa rUpa se pAyA jAtA hai| itanA hI nahIM, hindU. mata ke mAnanevAle bhI jainamaMdira ko dAna diyA karate the / jainavihAra tathA maMdiranirmANa ke aneka udAharaNa pAye jAte haiM (e. i. bhA0 40, pR0 145 tathA e. i0 bhA0 20, pR0 61) / cAhamAna, paramAra tathA candela zAsakagaNa jainadharma se prema rakhate the tathA sahiSNu the / khajurAhoM ke jainamaMdira tathA anaginata tIrthaMkaroM kI pratimAyeM isakA jvalanta udAharaNa haiM tathA Aja bhI sabhI ko AkarSita karatI hI haiN| AbU ke delavAr3A samUha ke jaina maMdira jainamata ke prasAra ke jIvita udAharaNa haiN| kalAtmaka dRSTi se unakA vizleSaNa karanA hamArA dhyeya nahIM hai; parantu jainamata ke pracAra kI aura saMketa karanA hai / rAjapUtAnA, madhyabhArata tathA madhyadeza Adi bhUbhAga brAhmaNa dharma tathA saMskRti ke prasiddha kSetra mAne gaye haiM jahAM vaiSNava aura zaiva mata kI pradhAnatA thI / to bhI usa paristhiti meM hama jainamata ko phUlate tathA phalate pAte haiN| hAM, usa para brAhmaNa mata kA prabhAva spaSTa rUpa se dRSTigocara hotA hai / pUjA-pATha meM paurANika devatAoM kI taraha caMdana, dhUpa, dIpa, naivedya kA prayoga hone lagA / usa bhAga se jitanI jaina pratimAyeM milI haiM unakI banAvaTa hindU devatAoM ke sadRza hai tathA zAstrIya niyama se sambaddha hai / isake vivecana meM na jAkara yaha kahanA Avazyaka hai ki rAjapUtAnA jainamata kA aisA gar3ha bana gayA ki vidharmiyoM ke AkramaNa se bhI girAyA na jA sakA / Aja bhI vaha bhAga jainamata kA prasiddha bhUbhAga hai / 1-2 jaba taka isa tathya kI zodha-khoja na kI jApa, eka para dUsare kA prabhAva, apane Upara rahe hue mAtra prabhAva ke kAraNa likha denA purAtattvadRSTi se ThIka nhiiN| -saMpA. daulatasiMha lor3hA.
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________________ rAjasthAna meM jainadharma kA aitihAsika mahattva kailAzacanda jaina, jayapura rAjasthAna meM pAMcavIM zatAbdI pUrva jainadharma ke pracalita hone kA Thosa pramANa bar3alI kA zilAlekha hai| isake pazcAt chaTThI zatAbdI taka isa dharma kA na to sAhityika aura na zilAlekhAdi kA Thosa pramANa milatA hai, kintu isa samaya yaha sImAMta pradezoM meM jaise paMjAba, siMdha, gujarAta, uttara pradeza tathA mAlavA meM bahuta pracalita thaa| isase yaha anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai ki pramANa nahIM milane para bhI rAjasthAna isake prabhAva se achUtA nahIM raha sakatA hai| sAtavIM zatAbdI se vartamAna samaya taka yahAM para yaha dharma sAdhuoM ke ucca vyaktitva, rAjAoM tathA zAsakoM ke sahayoga tathA dhanikoM kI dAnazIlatA se bahuta phalAphUlA / bhavya mandiroM kA nirmANa kiyA gayA tathA unameM aneka mUrtiyoM kI pratiSThA kI gaI / asaMkhya zAstroM ko lipibaddha karavAyA gayA tathA unake lie zAstrabhaMDAra sthAna-sthAna para sthApita kie gae / isa dharma kA prabhAva rAjasthAna ke janasAdhAraNa para par3A tathA unhoMne mAMsa, madirA ko tyAga diyaa| mahAvIra ke samaya jainadharma:-bhAratIya itihAsa kA aitihAsika yuga karIba mahAvIra ke samaya se prAraMbha hotA hai / isa samaya siMdhusauvIra para udAina nAma kA pratApI rAjA rAjya karatA thA / vaha jainadharma kA anuyAyI ho gayA aura usane eka vizAla maMdira pUjA ke lie apanI rAjadhAnI meM banavAyA / eka bAra mahAvIrasvAmI svayaM usakI rAjadhAnI meM Aye tathA unase usane sAdhu dIkSA lelI / vidvAnoM ke matAnusAra jaisalamera aura kaccha ke hisse usa samaya sauvIra meM zAmila the| ___bhInamAla ke 1276 ke zilAlekha se patA calatA hai ki mahAvIrasvAmI svayaM zrImAlanagara padhAre the / zrImAlamAhAtmya meM zrImAla meM jainadharma ke vikAsa kA ullekha AyA hai| isake anusAra gautama zrImAla ke brAhmaNoM ke vyavahAra se asaMtuSTa ho kara kAzmIra gayA, jahAM para mahAvIrane usako jainadharmAvalambI banA liyA / zrImAla lauTane para usane vaizyoM ko jainI banAyA tathA kalpasUtra, bhagavatIsUtra, mahAvIrajJAnasUtra Adi graMthoM kI racanA kii| 1. bhAratIya prAcIna lipimAlA pR 2. DA. sarakAra ke anusAra yaha jaina zilAlekha nahIM hai, kiMtu usake vicAra ThIka pratIta nahIM hote haiN| dekho, JBORS. March. 1954, P. 8. 2. Ancient India by Tribhuvanlal shah, vol. 1. P. 215. (70)
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________________ aura usakA prasAra rAjasthAna meM jainadharma kA aitihAsika mahattva | muMgasthala ke 1369 ke zilAlekha se patA calatA hai ki mahAvIrasvAmI svayaM arbudabhUmi padhAre the tathA mahAvIrasvAmI ke jIvana ke 37 veM varSa meM kezIzramaNane yahAM para eka mUrti kI pratiSThA kii| ye pramANa bahuta pIche ke haiM / isa kAraNa inako pramANa meM nahIM liyA jA sakatA / rAjasthAna meM jainadharma ke pracalita hone kA saba se Thosa pramANa bar3alI kA zilAlekha hai / yaha zilAlekha vIra nirvANa saMvata 84 kA hai tathA isameM mAjhamikA kA ullekha hai / yaha sthAna cittaur3a kA mAdhyamikA hai jisakA ullekha pAtaMjalIne apane mahAbhASya meM kiyA hai / vartamAna samaya meM yaha sthAna nagarI kahalAtA hai / jaina zramaNa saMgha kI mAdhyamikA zAkhA isa sthAna se prasiddha huI / suhasthi ke ziSya priya graMthane isa kI sthApanA tIsarI zatAbdI pUrva kI thI / tIsarI zatAbdI pUrva kA yahAM para eka zilAlekha bhI milA hai jisakA artha hai ki ' sarvabhUtoM ke nimitta ' saMbhava hai ki yaha jainiyoM kA zilAlekha ho tathA isa bAta ko siddha karatA hai ki jainadharma isa samaya rAjasthAna meM pracalita thA / 549 mauryo ke samaya jainadharmaH --- maurya rAjAoM kI chatrachAyA meM bhI jainadharma unnati karatA rahA / sAhitya tathA zilAlekhAdi ke pramANoM se aba yaha spaSTa ho gayA hai ki candragupta jaina samrAT thA / usake sAmrAjya meM rAjasthAna kA hissA bhI sAmila thA; kyoMki unake pautra kA zilAlekha bairATha meM milA hai / yaha saba rAjya candragupta dvArA hI bar3hayA gayA thA; kyoMki azokane to kevala eka kaliMga kI hI vijaya kI thI / usane aneka maMdiroM kI pratiSThA karavAI | satrahavIM zatAbdI ke kavi sundara gaNI ke anusAra usane dhaMdhANI ke maMdira kI pArzvanAtha mUrti kI pratiSThA krvaaii| yaha pramANa bahuta pIche kA hone ke kAraNa isako pramANa meM nahIM liyA jA sakatA / candragupta kA pautra azoka bauddhadharma kA anuyAyI hone para bhI jainadharma ko cAhatA thA / usane AjIvika sAdhuoM ke rahane ke liye bArabarA kI pahAr3iyoM meM guphAyeM banavAI / usake zilAlekhoM meM nirgrathoM tathA AjIvikoM ke lie dAna kA ullekha AtA hai / isake pazcAt isakA pautra samprati rAjA bnaa| jisa prakAra se azoka ne bauddhadharma ke pracAra ke lie prayatna kiyA, usI prakAra se samprati ne jainadharma ke phailAne meM koI prayatna zeSa nahIM chodd'aa| jaina itihAsa meM saMprati jaina azoka ke nAmase prasiddha hai / jaina paramparA ke anusAra usane rAjasthAna, gujarAta tathA mAlavA meM aneka maMdiroM tathA mUrtiyoM kA nirmANa karAyA aura 3. arbudAcala pradakSiNA jaina lekha saMdoha, lekhAMka 48 / 4. udayapura rAjya kA itihAsa, pR. 358 / 5. bhagavAna pArzvanAma kI paraMparA kA itihAsa, pR. 273 /
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________________ 550 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pratha jainadharma kI prAcInatA unakI pratiSThA karavAI / ToDa ke anusAra kuMbhalamera kA maMdira rAjA samprati ke dvArA banAyA huA hai / vAstava meM yaha vicAra galata hai| yaha maMdira karIba 13 vIM zatAbdI kA hai aura banAvaTa kI dRSTi se AbU ke maMdiroM se milatA-julatA hai| yaha apUrNa dazA meM hI chor3a diyA gayA hai / nandalAI* ke zilAlekha ke anusAra vi. saM. 1686 meM usa sthAna ke saMghane rAjA sampati dvArA banAye hue maMdira kA punaH nirmANa kiyA / isake atirikta sampati ne jainadharma ke pracAra ke lie anya upAyoM kA bhI prayoga kiyaa| usane yAtrA ke lie saMgha nikAle / Aryasuhasthi kI saMrakSatA meM jainadharma ke pracAra ke lie eka sabhA bulAI gaI / usane dharmapracAra karane ke lie sthAna-sthAna para dhArmika AcAryoM ko bhejA / pazcimI bhArata ke saMbandha meM yUnAniyoM ke vicAra:--yUnAnI lekhakoM ke dvArA bhI pazcimI bhArata ke sambandha meM aneka bAtoM kA patA calatA hai| unake anusAra yahAM para aneka nagna sAdhu bhramaNa karate the jinako ve Gymnosophists (jimnosophisTa ) ke nAma se pukArate the| ye sAdhu aneka yAtanAoM ko sahana karate the| samAdhimaraNa ke dvArA mRtyu ko prApta hote the / samAja meM inakA sthAna bahuta UMcA thaa| inake sAtha striyAM saMyama se raha kara ke darzana tathA dharma kA adhyayana karatI thiiN| prAyaH brAhmaNa striyoM ko dhArmika saMgha meM nahIM rakhate / isa kAraNa bahuta saMbhava hai ki ye striyAM jaina saMgha kI bhikSuNiyAM hoM / inameM jAtipAti kA koI prazna na thA / caritra ko ucca sthAna diyA jAtA thaa| ye stUpoM kI pUjA karate the| ina saba bAtoM se yaha aisA pratIta hotA hai ki yUnAniyoM ke Agamana ke samaya pazcimI bhArata meM jainadharma pracalita thA / zakoM ke samaya jainadharmaH-zakoM ke zAsanakAla meM bhI jainadharma kA utthAna huaa| isa samaya kAlakAcArya nAma ke jaina sAdhune saurASTra, avanti aura rAjasthAna ke pazcimI bhAga meM bhramaNa kiyA aura jainadharma ke bAre meM logoM ko batalAyA / kAlakAcArya kI bahana kA nAma sarasvatI thaa| vaha bhI sAdhvI ke rUpa meM dharmapracAra kA kArya karatI thii| usakI saundaryatA para lAlAyita ho kara gardhabhila nAma ke ujjaina ke rAjAne balAtkAra karanA cAhA / kAlakAcArya krodhita ho kara pazcima meM gayA tathA vahAM ke zaka rAjA ko apanI jyotiSa vidyA se 6. Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan II vol; p. 721-23. * naDUlAI yA phira nAradapurI cAhiye. saMpA. daulatasiMha lor3hA. 7. nAhara, jaina zilAlekha saMgraha, 856 / yaha zilAlekha bAda kA hone ke kAraNa pramANa meM nahIM liyA jA sakatA / 8. a. Ancient India by Meerindle. 31. Ancient India as described by Megasthanese and Arrian.
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________________ 551 aura usakA prasAra rAjasthAna meM jemadharma kA aitihAsika mahattva / prabhAvita kiyA / usako gardhabhila para AkramaNa karane ko uksaayaa| bahuta saMbhava hai ki yaha zaka rAjA Maues ( meusa ) ho / isakA yaha samaya takSilA tAmrapatra ( Taxila Copper Plate ) tathA sikkoM ke adhyayana se bhI jJAta hotA hai| usane gardhabhila ko harAyA tathA ujjaina para apanA adhikAra kiyaa| usane aneka prakAra ke sikke claaye| eka sikke para eka tarapha baiThI huI pratimA hai tathA dUsarI ora nRtya karatA hAthI AtA huA pratIta hotA hai| TAna ( Tarn ) ke anusAra yaha pratimA mahAtmA buddha kI hai, kintu yaha vicAra ThIka pratIta nahIM hotA hai| yaha baiThI huI pratimA tIrthakara kI ho sakatI hai| aura yaha nAcatA huA hAthI tIrthakara para jala chir3akane ke lie AtA huA jJAta hotA hai / yaha saMbhava ho sakatA hai, kyoM ki kAlakAcArya ke prabhAva se meusa ( Maues ) ne jainadharma svIkAra kara liyA ho aura usa prakAra kA nayA sikkA nikAlA ho / __ ujjaina meM zakoM kA rAjya kevala 17 varSa taka hI rhaa| isake pazcAt garghamila ke putra vikramAditya ne apane pitA ke khoye hue rAjya ko phira se prApta kiyaa| sikkoM tathA zilAlekhoM se patA calatA hai ki mAlava janataMtra isa samaya dakSiNa-pUrvI rAjasthAna meM thA / isa janataMtra kA nAyaka vikramAditya thaa| vikramAditya ke samaya pazcimI bhArata meM jainadharma jIvita dharma thA / jaina paraMparA ke anusAra vikramAditya svayaM bhI jainI ho gayA thaa| ____ pahalI zatAbdI meM harSapura eka samRddhizAlI zahara samajhA jAtA thaa| yaha ajamera tathA puSkara ke madhya meM sthita thaa| bhUmaka sikke bhI yahAM para mile haiN| jaina sAhitya ke anusAra yahAM para 300 jaina maMdira the / isa samaya subharapAla nAma kA rAjA rAjya karatA thA" kiMtu itihAsa se isa rAjA kA patA nahIM calatA hai| yaha varNana kucha bar3hA-car3hA kara kiyA gayA hai, kiMtu jainadharma kA isa sthAna se saMbandha hone meM koI saMdeha nahIM hai| harSapura gaccha bhI isI sthAna se prasiddha huA hai / isa gaccha ke dasavIM aura gyArahavIM zatAbdI ke zilAlekha bhI milate haiN| samantabhadra ke prayatna se bhI jainadharma kA dUsarI zatAbdI meM adhika pracAra huaa| zravaNa belagolA ke zilAlekha ke anusAra vaha dharmapracAra karane ke lie aneka sthAnoM para 9 Catalogue of Indian coins by Cardner, PI. XVII, No 5. 10 bha. ASIR. Vol VIP. 160-183. Bit. Manelsa sacrificial Piller inscription of the 3 rd century A. D. ( Udaipur State ) 11 Ancient India by Tribhuvanlal Shah Vol. III, PP. 381-382.
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________________ 552 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka -graMtha jainadharma kI prAcInatA gayA tathA vahAM para apanI vijaya kA DaMkA bajAyA / vaha mAlavadeza meM bhI AyA thaa| isa samaya rAjasthAna kA dakSiNI-pUrvI bhAga mAlava prAMta meM zAmila thA / vAna cAMga dvArA ullekha:- buvAna cAMga se spaSTa patA calatA hai ki usake samaya jainadharma takSazilA se lekara sudUra dakSiNa taka phailA huA thA / rAjasthAna meM usane kevala bhInamAla tathA bairATha ke hI bAre meM likhA hai / ina donoM sthAnoM para buddhadharma patana avasthA meM thA / bhInamAla meM kevala eka maTha thA jisameM kevala 100 bhikSu rahate the / isa sthAna kI janasaMkhyA adhikatara anya dharmAvalambiyoM thii| bairATha meM ATha maTha the jo jIrNa avasthA meM the / isa prakAra ke ullekha se yaha anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai ki buddhadharma ke sAtha vaidika dharma tathA jainadharma bhI ina donoM sthAnoM para vidyamAna the / basaMtagar3ha ke maMdira meM eka pratimA sAtavIM zatAbdI kI hai" / isase jainadharma kA rAja - sthAna meM sAtavIM zatAbdI meM pracalita hone kA patA calatA hai| AThavIM va navamI zatAbdI meM yaha dharma rAjasthAna meM haribhadrasUri nAma ke mahAn vidvAna ke prayatnoM se adhika phailA / pahale citrakUTa ( citaur3a ) ke jitArI rAjA ke purohita the, kiMtu anta meM ve jaina sAdhu ho gaye / musalamAna yAtriyoM dvArA pazcimI bhArata meM jainadharma ke hone kA ullekha AThavI va navamI zatAbdI meM jainadharma kI sthiti kA patA musalamAna yAtriyoM se bhI calatA hai | durbhAgyavaza ve pUrNa paryavekSaka nahIM the / isa kAraNa unhoMne aneka truTiyAM kIM / unhoMne pratyeka mUrti, maMdira tathA sAdhu ko buddha dharma kA batalAyA jo vAstava meM ThIka nahIM hai / bilAdurI ne to sUryamaMdira ko bhI buddha maMdira batalA diyA / yUropiyana vidvAnoMne ina granthoM kA anuvAda kiyA / jainadharma tathA buddhadharma ke aMtara ko nahIM samajhane ke kAraNa unhoMne bhI aneka truTiyAM kara DAlIM / abujaidula likhatA haiM-bhArata varSa meM adhika nara sAdhu jaMgaloM meM nivAsa karate haiM / tathA saMsAra se bahuta kama saMbandha rakhate haiM / kucha sAdhu kevala jaMgala ke phalaphUla khAte haiM tathA kucha naMge bhramaNa karate haiM aura naMge khar3e rahate haiM / maiMne merI yAtrA meM eka aise vyakti ko dekhA jo 16 varSa taka lagAtAra nagna avasthA meM Azcarya kI bAta to yaha hai ki vaha vizeSakara jainiyoM meM pAI jAtI hai| eka hI Asana para khar3A rahA / sUrya kI kiraNoM se bhI nahIM pighalA / nagna avasthA bahuta saMbhava hai ki yaha jaina sAdhu thA / azArata vilAda svayaM yAtrI nahIM thA, kintu vaha lekhaka thA / vaha likhatA hai ki siMdha ke 12. arbudAcala pradakSiNA jaina lekhasaMdoha, 365.
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________________ manorama dhAtu pratimAyeM, amarasara [ bIkAnera ) vi. 11-13 vIM zatI zrI nAhaTA - saMgrahAlaya, bIkAnera. bhUgarbha se prApta pASANamaya pratimAyeM, narahar3a ( pilAnI ke pAsa ) zrI nAhaTA - saMgrahAlaya, bIkAnera.
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________________ aura usakA prasAra rAjasthAna meM jainadharma kA aitihAsika mahattva / 553 pAsa simUra nAma ke nagara meM kucha kAphira rahate the| ve na to jAnavaroM kA vadha karate the aura na mAMsa, machalI aura aMDoM kA prayoga karate the| kucha aise vyakti bhI the jo svayaM to vadha nahIM karate the, kintu dUsaroM ke dvArA mArI huI ko khA lete the| isa prakAra kI sUcanA se patA calatA hai ki yahAM para jaina aura bauddha basate the| rAjapUtoM ke samaya meM jainadharma rAjapUtoM kI chatrachAyA meM jainadharmane adhika unnati kii| vaiSNavadharma ke anuyAyI hote hue bhI unhoMne jainadharma ko udAratA kI dRSTi se dekhA tathA unnati meM hara prakAra kA sahayoga diyaa| pratihAroM ke samaya:--rAjasthAna meM jainadharma kA pracAra pratihAroM ke samaya bhI huaa| vatsarAja ke samaya kA banA huA osiyA meM eka mahAvIra kA maMdira hai| isa vatsarAja kA ullekha jinasenane apane harivaMzapurANa meM bhI kiyA hai jo 783 I. meM likhA gayA thaa| isake pazcAt 792 I. meM usakA putra nAgabhaTTa gaddI para baiThA / vaha Ama nAma ke rAjA se prasiddha hai / vaha jaina sAdhu bappabhaTTasUri kA bahuta hI sammAna rakhatA thA tathA usake AdezAnusAra aneka sthAnoM para jaina maMdira banavAye / 840 I. meM mihirabhoja nAma kA rAjA huA jo nanasUri tathA govindasUri se prabhAvita thaa| kakkur3a maMDora kA pratihAra rAjA thaa| vaha saMskRta kA vidvAna tathA jainadharma kA saMrakSaka thA / ghaTiyAlA ke zilAlekha se patA calatA hai ki usane 861 I. meM eka jaina maMdira bnvaayaa| cauhAnoM ke samaya jainadharmaH-cauhAnoM ke samaya jainadharma bahuta phailA / jinadattasUri arNarAja ke samakAlIna the / ajamera meM sUrijI ke darzana ke lie arNarAja nitya jAyA karatA thA / usane sUrijI ke anuyAyiyoM ko maMdira banavAne ke lie bhUmi dAna dii| vijoliyA ke (vi.)1169 ke zilAlekha se spaSTa patA calatA hai ki pRthvIrAja prathamane vahAM ke pArzvanAtha ke maMdira ko kharce ke lie morakurI nAma kA gA~va dAna meM diyaa| pRthvIrAja ke pazcAt somezvara gaddI para baiThA jo pratApalaMkezvara ke nAma se prasiddha huaa| svarga prApta karane kI icchA se usane revAnA nAma kA gA~va uparyukta maMdira ko dAna meM diyaa| isake bAda pRthvIrAja dvitIya gaddI para baitthaa| usako vAda-vivAda kA zoka thaa| usake darabAra meM (vi.)1192 meM jinapatisUri aura paNDita padmaprabha ke bIca meM vAda-vivAda huA jisameM jinapatisUri vijayI hue| nADola ke cauhAnoMne 960 se lekara 1252 I. taka rAjya kiyA / azvarAja cauhAna 13. The History of India as told by its own people.
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________________ 554 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha jainadharma kI prAcInatA kumArapAla kA sAmaMta thaa| usane jainadharma svIkAra kara liyA tathA apane rAjya meM jIvabadha banda karavA diyA / usake zilAlekhoM se patA calatA hai ki usane jaina maMdiroM ko aneka dAna diye / isake pazcAt usakA putra rAyapAla gaddI para baitthaa| usake samaya meM bhI bhUmi, anAja, dhana Adi kA dAna maMdiroM ko diyA gyaa| ArahaNadeva tathA kerahaNadeva ke rAjya meM bhI aneka maMdiroM tathA mUrtiyoM kI pratiSThA huii| unhoMne mandiroM ko aneka prakAra ke dAna bhI diye| jAlora ke cauhAna rAjAoM ke rAjya meM bhI jainadharma bar3hA car3hA / samarasiMha ke rAjya meM yazovIra nAma ke dhanIne eka maMDapa taiyAra krvaayaa| isI rAjA ke Adeza se yazovIrane kumArapAla dvArA nirmita pArzvanAtha ke maMdira kA punaruddhAra karavAyA / cAcigadeva ke rAjya meM telIyA osavAlane mahAvIra ke maMdira ko 50 drAma dAna meM die| isa prakAra cauhAnoM ke rAjya meM jainadharma aura hindUdharma sAtha-sAtha panape tathA phUle / donoM dharmoM meM Apasa meM kisI prakAra kI vaimanasyatA nahIM thI / rAjA loga eka sAtha hinda devatAoM tathA jaina tIrthaMkaroM kI pUjA karate the aura donoM ke utsavoM meM bhAga lete the| cAvaDoM tathA solaMkiyoM ke rAjya meM jainadharma cAbar3oM tathA solaMkiyoM ke rAjya meM jainadharma kA adhika pracAra huA / cAvar3a vaMza kA saMsthApaka vanarAja thA / usane zIlaguNasUri ko apanI rAjadhAnI Ane ko AmaMtrita kiyA tathA apane samasta rAjya ko sUrijI ke caraNoM meM arpita karane ko taiyAra ho gyaa| isakA kAraNa yaha thA ki jaba vanarAja jaMgala meM palane para soyA huA thA, usa samaya sUrijIne usake zArIrika cinhoM ko dekha kara yaha bhaviSyavANI kI thI ki vaha Age cala kara rAjA hogaa| nisvArtha bhAva rakhanevAle sUrijIne isako svIkAra nahIM kiyA, kiMtu unake AdezAnusAra usane aNahilapura pATana meM paMcAsara nAma ke maMdira kA nirmANa karavAyA tathA usameM pArzvanAtha kI pratimA kI sthApanA kii| usane zrImAla tathA marudharadeza ke jaina vyApAriyoM ko aNahilapura pATana meM basane ko AmaMtrita kiyaa| mUlarAja solaMkIne aMtima cAvar3A rAjA se I. 942 ke karIba gaddI prApta kI / isakA rAjya rAjasthAna ke bahuta se hissoM meM phailA huA thaa| vaha jainadharma kA premI thA tathA usane mUlarAjavasahikA bnaaii| jainadharma kA saba se adhika pracAra solaMkiyoM ke samaya meM huaa| yaha samaya prasiddha vidvAn hemacandra kA thaa| usakI gahana vidvatA tathA pavitra jIvana ke kAraNa rAjasthAna tathA
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________________ aura usakA prasAra rAjasthAna meM jainadharma kA aitihAsika mahatva / gujarAta meM jainadharma bahuta phailA / usa samaya vaha jaina samAja kA saba se bar3A netA va pracAraka thA / vidvattA tathA jIvana kI pavitratA kI dRSTi se usakI tulanA zaMkarAcArya se kI jA sakatI hai / jayasiMha zaivadharma kA anuyAyI hone para bhI jainadharma ko Adara kI dRSTi se dekhatA thA / isI kAraNa se usake darabAra meM digambara sAdhu kumudacandra aura zvetAmbara sAdhu devasUri ke madhya meM 1125 I. meM vAdavivAda huA jisako dekhane ke lie avazya hI pAsa par3osa ke vyakti Aye hoMge / hemacandra jaise jaina vidvAn usake darabAra kI zobhA bar3hAte the / jayasiMha ke pazcAt kumArapAla gaddI para baiThA / vaha dhIre-dhIre hemacandrasUri ke prabhAva meM AyA aura aMta meM jainadharma ko svIkAra kara liyaa| usane jainadharma ke pracAra ke lie aneka sAdhanoM kA prayoga kiyA aura apane rAjya ko eka Adarza jaina rAjya banA diyaa| usane azoka ke samAna kevala svayaMne hI vilAsa-priya vastuoM ko nahIM tyAgA, kiMtu janatA ko bhI apane anusAra hI calane kA anurodha kiyaa| usane apane rAjya meM jIvabaMdha ko roka diyaa| dvAzraya ke anusAra pAlI deza meM bAhmaNa logoM ko yajJa meM pazuoM kI bali ke sthAna para anAja kA prayoga karanA par3atA thA / merutuMga ke anusAra eka sAdhAraNa vyApArI ko eka cUhe ko mArane ke aparAdha meM apanI samasta sampatti mUkAvihAra banAne meM kharca karanI pdd'ii| yaha saba kucha bar3hA car3hA kara likhA gayA ho, kiMtu isameM kucha satya avazya hai / usane apane rAjya meM bhinna-bhinna sthAnoM para zAstrabhaMDAroM kI sthApanA kii| vaha eka bar3A bhArI nirmAtA bhI thA / usane aneka jainamaMdira banAye / jAlora meM bhI usane eka jaina maMdira banAyA / kumArapAla kI mRtyu ke pazcAt jainadharma kI unnati meM kucha bAdhA avazya AI, kintu phira se isane vimala, vastupAla aura tejapAla jaise mahApuruSoM kI saMrakSatA meM unnati kI / ye pakke bhakta the| inhoMne jainadharma kI unnati ke lie aneka prayatna kiye| cAlukya rAjA bhIma prathamane vimala ko apanA gavarnara bnaayaa| usane bhIma aura dhandhU ke madhya meM mitratA krvaaii| dhandhU ke Adeza se() usane 1082* I. meM AbU meM eka saundaryapUrNa maMdira kA nirmANa karavAyA jo ki saMsAra ke adbhuta kalApUrNa maMdiroM meM ginA jAtA hai / vastupAla aura tejapAla pahale bhIma dvi0 ke maMtrI the aura bAda meM vIradhavala ke maMtrI rhe| tejapAla ne 1230 I. meM AbU meM eka kalApUrNa maMdira banAyA / isa maMdira kI pUjA ke kharca ke lie samarasiMha ne ibANI nAma kA grAma dAna meM diyaa| paramAroM ke rAjya meM jainadharma:-paramAra rAjAoM kI saMrakSatA meM bhI jainadharma ne *vi. saM. 1088 meM, na ki I0 san 1082meM / saMpA0 daulatasiMha loddh'aa|
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________________ 556 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pratha jainadharma kI prAcInatA acchI unnati kii| sirohI rAjya ke diyANA grAma ke zilAlekha se patA calatA hai ki varddhamAna ne kRSNarAja ke samaya vIranAtha kI mUrti kI pratiSThA kii"| yaha zilAlekha aitihAsika dRSTise mahattvapUrNa hai, kyoM ki yaha kRSNarAja ke samaya ko nizcita karatA hai / jhAr3olI ke zilAlekha se jJAta hotA hai ki paramAra rAjA dhArAvarSa kI strI zRMgAradevI ne 1197 I. meM yahAM ke maMdira ko bhUmi dAna meM dI" / 1288 I. meM mahArAjA vIsaladeva aura sAraMgadeva ke samaya dattANI ke ThAkura zrI pratApa aura zrI hemadeva nAma ke paramAra ThAkuroM ne pArzvanAtha ke maMdira ko do kheta dAna meM diye"| sUbar3asiMhane isI maMdira ko dhArmika utsava manAne ke lie 400 drama dAna meM die"| diyANA grAma ke anya zilAlekha se jJAta hotA hai ki tejapAla aura usake maMtrI kUpA ne eka hoja banavA kara mahAvIra ke maMdira ko dAna diyaa| ___ mAlavA ke paramAra rAjAoM ne jainadharma ke prati sahAnubhUti dikhlaaii| jaise inake rAjya meM mevAr3a, zirohI, koTA aura jhAlAvAr3a bhI sAmila the / isa samaya ina sthAnoM para jainadharma bahuta pracalita thA, kyoM ki jaina khaNDahara aba bhI yahAM para bahutAyata se milate haiN| mAlavA kA rAjA naravarmana zaiva bhakta thA, kintu jainadharma ke prati bhI zraddhA rakhatA thA / jaba jinavallabhasUri cittaur3a meM the to dakSiNa ke do brAhmaNa eka samasyA le kara usake darabAra meM aaye| ( kaMThe kuThAra kamaThe ThakAra ) / usake daravAra ke vidvAna usa samasyA kA saMtoSaprada uttara na de ske| aMta meM usane usako jinavallabhasUri ke pAsa bhejaa| unhoMne usako turaMta hala kara diyA / jaba jinaballabhamUri dhArAnagarI Aye to rAjA ne unako apane nivAsasthAna para AmaMtrita kiyA aura unake upadeza sune / rAjA sUrijI kI vidvattA para prabhAvita hokara unako tIna gAMva yA 30000 hajAra drama dene ko taiyAra huaa| sUrijI donoM ko lene ke lie taiyAra nahIM hue| aMta meM yaha nizcita huA ki citaur3a ke cUMgIghara se vahAM ke kharataragaccha ke maMdiroM ko do drama pratidina diye jAne caahie| yaha ghaTanA aitihAsika dRSTi se mahatvapUrNa hai, kyoM ki isase paramAra rAjya kA vistAra tathA mevAr3a kI rAjanaitika sthiti kA patA calatA hai| ___ haTuMDI ke rAThor3oM ke rAjya meM jainadharma:-haTuMDI meM rAThor3a dasavIM zatAbdI meM zAsana karate the| ye rAjA jainadharma ke anuyAyI the| vAsudevAcArya ke upadeza se haTuMDI meM vidagdharAjane RSabhadeva kA maMdira banavAyA aura bhUmi dAna meM dii| usake lar3ake mamatta ne 14. arbudAcala pradakSiNA jaina lekhasaMdoha, naM. 311 15. rAjapUtAnA myUjiyama ajamera kI riporTa 1909-10 naM. 22 16-17. bharbudAcala pradakSiNA jaina lekhasaMdoha naM. 55, 49.
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________________ aura usakA prasAra rAjasthAna meM jainadharma kA aitihAsika mahattva / bhI isI maMdira ko kucha dAna diyaa| isake pazcAta isake putra dhavala ne isa maMdira ko ThIka karavAyA aura jainadharma kI kIrti ko phailAne ke lie hara prakAra kA prayatna kiyA / rAjasthAna ke bhinna-bhinna rAjyoM meM jainadharma isa prakAra rAjasthAna meM jainadharmane prAcIna samaya meM acchI unnati kii| bhinna-bhinna rajavAr3oM meM vibhAjita hone ke pazcAt bhI jainadharma phailatA hI calA gyaa| aneka maMdira banAye gye| unameM mUrtiyoM kI pratiSThA huii| aneka zAstra likhe gye| rAjA loga sAdhuoM ko Adara kI dRSTi se dekhate the| bharatapura rAjya meM jainadharma:-dasavIM aura gyArahavIM zatAbdI meM isa kSetra meM jaina. dharma bahuta pracalita thaa| aneka mUrtiyA~ isa samaya kI yahAM prApta huI haiM / durgadevane RSTa samuccaya kI racanA lakSmInivAsa rAjA ke samaya kAmA meM kI thii| bayAnA meM 11 vIM zatAbdI kA jaina zilAlekha rAjA vijayapAla ke samaya kA hai| mevAr3a rAjya meM jainadharma:-mevAr3a ke mahArANAoM kI preraNA se bhI jainadharma ko bahuta bala milA / kucha rAjAoMne to maMdiroM kA nirmANa karavAyA tathA mUrtiyoM kI pratiSThA kii| jainAcAryoM ko AmaMtrita karake unhoMne unakA ucca sammAna kiyA tathA unake upadeza se prabhAvita hokara pazuhiMsA banda karavA dii| rAjA allaTa ke mantrIne AdhAra meM jaina maMdira banavAkara usameM pArzvanAtha kI mUrti kI pratiSThA kI / kojarA ke zilAlekha se patA calatA hai ki rANA rAyasI kI strI zRGgAradevIne 1167 I. meM pArzvanAtha ke maMdira kA stambha banAyA / jinaprabhasUri kSetrasiMha ke samakAlIna the| unake cittaur3a Ane para rAjAne unakA bhavya svAgata kiyaa| mahArANA samarasiMha aura unakI mAtA jayataladevI devendrasUri ke upadeza se prabhAvita hue tathA unake bhakta ho gye| jayataladevIne pArzvanAtha kA maMdira banAyA / samarasiMhane isa maMdira ko dAna meM bhUmi dI aura rAjya meM hiMsA ko roka diyaa| mahArANA mokala ke khajAMcIne 1428 meM mahAvIra kA maMdira bnaayaa| mokala ke putra mahArANA kumbhakaraNa ke samaya meM to jainadharma kA adhika pracAra huaa| isake rAjya meM aneka maMdira bane tathA mUrtiyoM kI pratiSThA huI / usane svayaMne sAdar3I' kA vizAla jaina maMdira banAyA / usake putra rAyamala ke samaya bhI jainadharma phailatA hI rahA / aneka maMdiroM tathA mUrtiyoM kI pratiSThA kI gii| mahArANA pratApane zrIhIravijayasUri ko cittaur3a Ane 1. usake samaya meM prasiddha rANakapura kA maMdira banA yaha likhanA ucita thaa| sAdar3I to bAda meM basA hai| lekhakane san athavA saMvat sUcaka zabda bhI kahIM 2 nahIM diye haiN| saMpA0 daulatasiMha.
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________________ 558 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha jainadharma kI prAcInatA ko AmaMtrita kiyA / hIravijayasUri ko usa samaya akabarane jagadguru kA pada diyA / usake putra amarasiMhane bhI jaina maMdira ko dAna diyaa| jainadharma kI pratibhA jagatasiMha ke rAjya meM bhI kAphI bddh'ii| aneka mUrtiyoM kI usake samaya meM pratiSThA kI gii| mahArAja devasUri ke guNoM ko sunakara usane unako AmaMtrita kiyA aura bhavya svAgata kiyaa| unake upadezoM se prabhAvita hokara vaha unakA bhakta ho gyaa| usane apane rAjya meM jIvahiMsA para roka lgaadii| jainadharma inake pazcAt bhI phailatA rahA / mahArANA rAjasiMha ke mukhya mantrI dayAlazAhane rAjanagara meM eka sundara maMdira banavAyA / DUMgarapura, bAMsavAr3A aura pratApagar3ha meM jainadharma:-ye tInoM rAjya pahale vAgar3adeza ke nAma se prasiddha the / dasavIM zatAbdI meM bhI isa kSetra meM jainadharma pracalita thA, kyoMki eka dasavIM zatAbdI ke zilAlekha meM * jayati zrI vAgar3a saMgha' kA ullekha AyA hai| yahAM ke rAjAoM kI saMrakSatA meM jainadharma kA adhika pracAra huA / rAjAoM ke maMtriyoMne maMdira banAye tathA mUrtiyoM kI pratiSThA krvaaii| DUMgarapura kA prAcIna nAma girivara thA / jayAnaMda kI pravAsagItikAtraya se patA calatA hai ki 1370 I. meM yahAM para pA~ca jaina maMdira tathA 500 jaina ghara the / 1404 I. meM rAvala pratApasiMha ke mantrI prahAdane jaina maMdira bnaayaa| isake pazcAt gajapAla ke rAjya meM bhI jaina dharma bar3hatA car3hatA rhaa| usake mantrI AbhAne A~tarI meM eka zAMtinAtha kA jaina maMdira banAyA / gajapAla ke pazcAt usakA mantrI somadAsa gaddI para baitthaa| usake mantrI sAlAne pItala kI bhArI vajana kI mUrtiyAM DUMgarapura meM taiyAra karavA kara ke unakI pratiSThA AbU ke jaina maMdiro meM karavAI / usane girivara ke pArzvanAtha ke maMdira kA bhI punaruddhAra krvaayaa| pratApagar3ha rAjya meM bhI jainadharma kA acchA prabhAva rhaa| caudahavIM aura pandrahavIM zatAbdI kI aneka mUrtiyAM pratiSThita kI huI yahAM para milatI haiN| devalI ke 1715 ke zilAlekha se patA calatA hai ki isa gAMva ke teliyoM ne bhI mahArAjA pRthvIsiMha ke rAjya meM sAraiyA aura jIvarAja nAma ke mahAjanoM kI prArthanA se sAla meM 44 dina ke lie apane kArya ko banda rakhane kA nizcaya kiyaa| isI rAjA ke samaya meM mallinAtha ke maMdira kA nirmANa huaa| koTA rAjya meM jainadharma-koTA rAjya meM bahuta hI prAcIna samaya se jainadharma pracalita thA / padmanaMdi ne jambUdvIpapaNNati kI racanA bArA meM karIba AThavIM zatAbdI meM kI thii| isa graMtha ke anusAra bArA meM aneka zrAvaka tathA jaina maMdira the / yahAM ke rAjA kA nAma
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________________ OYOTO YOO lodravA ( jaisalamera ) pArzvanAtha jinAlaya kA bhavya toraNadvAra. lodravA (jaisalamera ) pArzvanAtha jinAlaya kA dhAtumaya kalpavRkSa. vi. 17 vIM zatI zrI nAhaTA-saMgrahAlaya, bIkAnera. zrI nAhaTA-saMgrahAlaya, bIkAnera.
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________________ vaibhava kI pratimA. jAlI-jharokhoM ke liye prasiddha paTavA havelI, jaisalamera (rAjasthAna ) vi. 19 vIM zatI. zrI nAhaTA-saMgrahAlaya, bIkAnera. zrI pArzvanAtha maMdira, jaisalamera kA bahira kalAdRzya. vi. 15 vIM zatI. zrI nAhaTA-saMgrahAlaya, bIkAnera.
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________________ aura usakA prasAra rAjasthAna meM jainadharma kA aitihAsika mahatva / 559 zakti va zAMti thaa| yaha vArA koTA rAjya kA hI bArA hai, kyoM ki yh| AThavIM aura navamI zatAbdI meM bhaTTArakoM kI gaddI bhI raha cukI hai / zeragar3ha meM gyArahavIM zatAbdI kI tIna vizAla pratimAyeM rAjapUta saradAra dvArA pratiSThita kI huI haiN| ina mUrtiyoM ke zilAlekha se jJAta hotA hai ki zeragar3ha pahale koSavarddhana ke nAma se prasiddha thaa| rAmagar3ha kI pahAr3iyoM meM AThavIM aura navamI zatAbdI kI jaina guphAye haiM / yaha sthAna pahale zrInagara ke nAma se prasiddha thaa| ina guphAoM meM elorA kI guphAoM ke samAna jaina sAdhu nivAsa karate the / arasa meM bArahavIM aura terahavIM zatAbdI ke do kalApUrNa maMdira haiM / arasa ke pAsa kRSNavilAsa nAma kA sthAna hai| vahAM para AThavIM se lekara gyArahavIM zatAbdI taka ke bane hue jaina maMdira haiN| 1689 I. meM cAMdakher3I meM auraMgajeba(?) ke samaya kRSNAdAsa nAma ke eka dhanI baniye ne mahAvIra kA jaina maMdira banavAyA aura hajAroM mUrtiyoM kI pratiSThA kI / ye mUrtiyAM sthAna sthAna para bhejI gaI / isa samaya koTe meM kizorasiMha nAma kA rAjA rAjya karatA thaa| sirohI rAjya meM jainadharma--sirohI rAjya meM bhI jaina dharma kA acchA pracAra huaa| kAlandrI ke saM.1332 ke zilAlekha se patA calatA hai ki yahAM ke zramaNa saMgha ke kucha sadasyoM ne samAdhimaraNa ke dvArA mRtyu prApta kii| yahAM ke rAjAoM ke rAjya meM bhI jainadharma bahuta phailA / sahaja, durjanazAla, udayasiMha Adi rAjAoM ke samaya meM maMdiroM tathA mUrtiyoM kI pratiSThA huI / jaba hIravijayasUri akabara ke nimaMtraNa para phatahapura sikarI jA rahe the to rAste meM sirohI meM tthhre| yahAM ke rAjA sutanisiMhane(?) inakA svAgata kiyaa| usane zarAba, mAMsa aura zikAra ko tyAga diyA tathA sAtha meM ekapatnIvrata kI pratijJA lI / usane janatA para lage hue karoM ko bhI haTA liyaa| jaisalamera meM jainadharma:-bhATI rAjapUtoM ke rAjya meM jaina dharma kA pracAra adhika huaa| pahile jaisalamera kI rAjadhAnI lodravA thii| dasavIM zatAbdI meM yahAM ke rAjA sagara ke jinezvarasUri kI kRpA se zrIdhara aura rAjadhara nAmaka do putra hue jinhoMne pArzvanAtha ke maMdira ko banavAyA / isa maMdira kA punaH nirmANa 1618 I. meM seTha thAhasazAha ne kiyA / lodravA ke naSTa ho jAne para jaisalamera rAjadhAnI huI / lakSmaNa siMha ke rAjya meM 1416 I. meM ciMtA. maNI pArzvanAtha kA maMdira bnaa| maMdira banane ke pazcAt isakA nAma rAjA ke nAma para lakSmaNavilAsa rakhA gayA / yaha bAta janatA kI rAjA ke prati prIti ko pradarzita karatI hai / isake rAjya meM jainadharma avazya unnata huA hogaa| lakSmaNasiMha ke pazcAt usakA putra vairIsiMha rAjA banA / isake samaya meM saMbhavanAtha kA maMdira bnaa| isa maMdira kI pratiSThA tathA manya utsavoM meM rAjAne svayaMne bhAga liyA ! usake pazcAt cAcigadeva, devakaraNa tathA
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________________ 560 bhImad vijayarAjendrari-smAraka-graMtha jainadharma kI prAcInatA anya rAjAoM ke samaya meM bhI maMdiroM kA nirmANa huA tathA unameM aneka mUrtiyoM kI pratiSThA huI / pAdukAyeM bhI pUjane ke lie banAI gaI / bar3e bar3e zAstrabhaMDAra saMskRti kI rakSA karane ke lie sthApita kiye ge| jodhapura aura bIkAnera rAjya meM jainadharma-prAcIna samaya meM sA~cora aura bAr3amera meM jainadharma pracalita thaa| terahavIM zatAbdI meM sAmaMtasiMha ke samaya meM bAr3amera ke jaina maMdira ke staMbha kA nirmANa huaa| 1334 I. meM jinaprabhasUri yahAM para Aye jinakA rAjA tathA prajAne svAgata kiyA / sAMcora kA prAcIna nAma satyapura thA / chogA nAma ke osavAla bhaMDArIne 1168 I. meM bhImadeva ke rAjya meM yahAM ke mahAvIra ke maMdira kI catuSkikA kA punaH nirmANa kiyA / 1334 I. meM jinapadmasUri satyapura Aye / yahAM ke rAjA haripAladevane inakA svAgata kiyaa| terahavIM zatAbdI meM ratnapura meM bhI jainadharma vidyamAna thA / 1276 I. meM cAcigadeva ke rAjya meM dhInA aura udalane ajitadevasUri ke upadezoM se prabhAvita ho kara pArzvanAtha ke maMdira ko bhUmi dAna meM dI / 1291 I. meM sAmavaMtasiMha ke rAjya meM yahAM ke zrAvakoMne isI maMdira ko punaH ThIka karavAyA tathA Arthika sahAyatA dI / nagara meM bhI jainadharma kA acchA prabhAva thaa| yaha sthAna prAcIna samaya meM vIramapura ke nAma se prasiddha thaa| 1459 I. meM rAUDa ke rAjya meM modarAja gaNI ke upadeza se govindarAjane mahAvIra ke maMdira ko dAna diyaa| rAula kuSakaraNa ke samaya 1511 I. meM yahAM ke saMghane vimalanAtha ke maMdira kA raMgamaMDapa banavAyA / rAula meghavijaya ke rAjya meM zAMtinAtha ke maMdira kA nalimaMDapa banakara 1557 I. meM taiyAra huA / 1609 I. meM rAula tejasiMha ke samaya isI maMdira ko ThIka kraayaa| isa sthAna ke saMghane rAula jagamala ke samaya 1621 I. meM mahAvIra ke maMdira meM catuSkikA kA nirmANa kiyA / 1624 I. meM isI rAjA ke rAjya meM yahAM ke jaina saMghane pArzvanAtha ke maMdira meM nirgama catuSkikA tathA tIna khiDakiyoM kA nirmANa kiyaa| jodhapura ke rAThor3a rAjAoM kI dhArmika udAra nIti ke kAraNa bhI jainadharma kI acchI unnati huI / 1612 I. meM sUryasiMha ke rAjya meM vastupAla ne pArzvanAtha ke maMdira kI pratiSThA kii| bhAmAne apane parivAra ke sAtha kApar3A* meM 1621 I. meM gajasiMha ke rAjya meM pArzvanAtha kI mUrti kI pratiSThA kii| yaha zilAlekha aitihAsika dRSTi se mahatvapUrNa hai / usase patA _calatA hai ki sirohI rAjya kA kApar3A grAma aba jodhapura rAjya ke adhikAra meM A gayA thaa| * kApA' agara 'kApardA' hai to vaha sirohI rAjya meM kabhI nahIM rhaa| saMpA0 daulatasiMha lor3hA /
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________________ aura usakA prasAra rAjasthAna meM jainadharma kA aitihAsika mahattva / bahuta saMbhava hai ki sUryasiMha ne sutanisiMha ke hAra jAne para usako prApta kiyA ho / 1626 I. meM jayamalla ne gajasiMha ke samaya jAlora ke AdinAtha, pArzvanAtha tathA mahAvIra ke maMdiroM meM mUrtiyoM kI sthApanA kI / isI rAjA ke rAjya meM 1629 meM pAlI tathA mer3atA meM bhI pratiSThA huii| 1737 I. meM mAroTha meM mahArAjA abhayasiMha ke rAjya meM pratiSThA mahotsava manAyA gayA / isa samaya mAroTha meM bakhatasiMha tathA vairIzAla abhayasiMha ke sAmaMta ke rUpa meM zAsana karate the| isa samaya mAroTha svataMtra rAjya nahIM thA / yahAM ke divAna rAmasiMhane sAhoM kA maMdira banAyA tathA usameM aneka mUrtiyoM kI pratiSThA kii| 1767 I. meM yahAM ke mer3atiyA rAjapUta hukamasiMha ke rAjya meM rathayAtrA kA utsava ThAThabATa se manAyA gyaa| vIkAnera rAjya meM jainadharma-bIkAjI aura usake uttarAdhikArI jainadharma aura jaina sAdhuoM ke prati zraddhA rakhate the / mahArAjA rAyasiMha to jinacandrasUri kA pakkA bhakta ho gayA thA / karmacandra kI prArthanA para usane turAsAna se lUTI huI sirohI (1) kI 1050 jaina mUrtiyAM akavara se prApta karake naSTa hone se bcaaii| lAhora meM jinacandrasUri kA yugapradhAna-padotsava manAyA jisameM karmacandra mahArAjA rAyasiMha, kuMvara dalapatasiMha ke sAtha sAmila hue aura sUrijI ko dhArmika graMtha bheMTa meM diye / mahArAjA rAyasiMha aura jinacandrasUri ke paTTadhara jinasiMhasUri ke bhI acche saMmbadha the / usake rAjya meM hammIra ne apane parivAra ke sAtha 1605 I. meM neminAtha kI mUrti kI pratiSThA kii| karNasiMha 1631 I. meM rAjA huA / isane jaina upAsarA banavAne ke lie bhUmi dI / mahArAjA anUpasiMha ke jinacandra aura tathA jaina kavi dharmavardhana ke sAtha acche saMbandha the| dharmavardhana ne to mahArAjA anUpasiMha ke rAjyAbhiSeka ke avasara para kavitA mI likhI thii| jinacandrasUri aura mahArAjA anUpasiMha, jorAvarasiMha aura sujAnasiMha ke bIca kAphI patra. vyavahAra hotA rahatA thaa| mahArAjA sUratasiMha 1765 meM rAjA huaa| vaha jJAnasAgara ko nArAyaNa kA avatAra mAnatA thaa| usane jaina upAsaroM ke nirmANa ke lie bhUmi dI / vaha dAdA sAhiba ke prati Adara rakhatA thA tathA unakI pUjA ke kharce ke lie 150 bIghA bhUmi dii| jayapura rAjya meM jainadharma:-jayapura rAjya ke kacchAvA rAjoM kI saMrakSatA meM bhI jainadharma ne adhika unnati kI / yahAM karIva 50 jaina dIvAna hue haiN| aneka zAstroM kI pratiyAM likhI gaIM, mUrtiyoM kI pratiSThA huI tathA navIna maMdira banAye gye| isa rAjya ke choTe ThikAnoM meM bhI jAgIradAroM kI preraNA se jainadharma kA prabhAva bddh'aa|
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________________ 562 bhImad vijayarAjendrari-smAraka-graMtha jainadharma kI prAcInatA bhAramala ke rAjya meM 1559 I. meM pANDavapurANa aura harivaMzapurANa likhe gaye / bhAramala ke pazcAt bhagavAnadAsa rAjA huaa| usake samaya vardhamAna caritra likhA gayA / mAnasiMha ke rAjya meM bhI jainadharma kA utthAna huaa| usake samaya meM harivaMza purANa kI tIna pratiyAM likhI gii| 1591 I. meM thAnasiMha ne saMgha nikAlA aura pAvApurI meM sor3asakAraNa yaMtra kI pratiSThA kI / 1605 I. meM caMpAvatI (cAkasU ) ke maMdira ke staMbha kA nirmANa kiyA gayA / mojamAbAda meM jetAne isI rAjA ke rAjya meM 1607 I. saikar3oM martiyoM kI pratiSThA kI / mirjA rAjA jayasiMha ke samaya meM bhI jainadharma kA prabhAva acchA rhaa| isake maMtrI mohanadAsane Amera meM vimalanAtha kA maMdira banavAyA aura svarNa kalaza se isako suzobhita kiyA / 1659 meM isane isa maMdira meM anya bhavana bhI banAye / ___ savAI jayasiMha ke samaya jainadharmane bahuta unnati kii| usake samaya meM rAmacandra chAbar3A, rAvakRpArAma tathA vijayarAma chAbar3A nAma ke tIna divAna hue jinhoMne jainadharma ke pracAra ke lie bahuta prayatna kiyA / rAmacandra ne zAhabAda meM jainamaMdira banAyA / usane tathA usake putra kRSNasiMha ne bhaTTAraka devendrakIrti ke paTTAbhiSeka meM bhAga liyA / rAva kRpArAma ne cAkasU tathA jayapura meM jaina maMdira banAye / usane bhaTTAraka mahendrakIrti ke paTTAbhiSeka ke utsava meM bhAga liyA tathA unake sira para jala chir3akA / vijayarAma chAbar3Ane samyaktvakaumudI likhavA kara paMDita goviMdarAma ko 1747 meM bheMTa kii| savAI mAdhosiMha ke samaya bhI jainadharma kA utthAna hotA rhaa| usake samaya meM bhI jaina dIvAna rhe| bAlacandra chAbar3A 1761 meM dIvAna huaa| usane prAcIna jaina maMdiroM ko ThIka karavAyA tathA naye maMdira bhI banavAye / jayapura meM indradhvaja pUjA mahotsava isake prayatnoM se hI huA / usakA rAjya meM acchA prabhAva thaa| isI karaNa isake lie rAjya se isa prakAra kA Adeza diyA gayA ki ' thA pUjAjI ke arthi jo vastu cAhije so hI darabAra sUM lejaao'| kezarIsiMha kAzalIvAla ne jayapura meM siramoriyoM kA maMdira bnvaayaa| kanhaiyArAma ne vaidoM kA caityAlaya kA nirmANa krvaayaa| naMdalAla ne jayapura aura savAI mAdhopura meM jaina maMdira banavAye / 1769 I. meM pRthvIsiMha ke rAjya meM surendrakIrti ke upadeza se usane aneka mUrtiyoM kI pratiSThA karavAI / bAlacanda chAbar3A kA putra rAyacanda chAbar3A jagatasiMha kA mukhya maMtrI bnaa| usane yAtrA ke lie saMgha nikAle / isa kAraNa usako saMghapati kA pada diyA gyaa| usane 1801 meM jUnAgar3ha meM bhaTTAraka surendrakIrti ke upadeza se yaha pratiSThA kI / isI bhaTTAraka ke upadeza se
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________________ 563 aura usakA prasAra rAjasthAna meM jainadharma kA aitihAsika mahattva / usane jayapura meM 1804 I. meM saikar3oM mUrtiyoM kI pratiSThA karavAI / bakhatarAma bhI jagatasiMha kA divAna rahA / usane jayapura meM cor3e rAste meM yazodAnaMdajI kA jainamaMdira bnvaayaa| isake atirikta jayapura rAjya ke choTe ThikAne jaise jobanera, mAlapurA, revAsA, cAkasU, ToDA rAyasiMha, bairATha Adi meM jAgIradAroM kI preraNA se jainadharma bahuta phailA / ina sthAnoM para zAstroM ko lipibaddha karavAyA gyaa| aneka mUrtiyoM kI pratiSThA huI tathA maMdira banAye gaye / ___ alavara rAjya meM jainadharma:-alavara rAjya meM gyArahavIM aura bArahavIM zatAbdI kI jaina mUrtiyA~ milatI haiN| isase yaha anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai ki alavara rAjya kA jainadharma se saMbaMdha bahuta prAcIna samaya se hai, kintu ye mUrtiyA~ to bAhara se bhI lAyI huI ho sakatI haiM / pandrahavIM va solahavIM zatAbdI se kucha sAdhanoM ke AdhAra para isa dharma kA isa rAjya se sambandha spaSTa dRSTigocara hotA hai / ye sAdhana tIna bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiye jA sakate haiM ( 1 ) tIrthamAlAoM meM alavara rAvaNa pArzvanAtha ke rUpa meM (2) alavara meM likhA huA jaina sAhitya ( 3 ) zilAlekhoM meM isakA ullekha / ___tIrthamAlAoM meM alavara kA varNana rAvaNa pArzvanAtha tIrtha ke rUpa meM huA hai / isakA artha hai ki rAvaNane isa sthAna para pArzvanAtha kI mUrti kI pUjA kI thii| yaha saba paurANika hai, kyoMki rAvaNa to pArzvanAtha ke bahuta pahale huA thA / isa prakAra kI sUcanA alavara ko eka dhArmika kendra ke rUpa meM avazya batalAtI hai / kucha racanAyeM jaise mauna ekAdazI. sAdhukIrtidvArA 1567 I. meM, zivacandradvArA mukhamaNDalavRti 1642 meM, bAlacandradvArA devakumAra caupAI 1625 meM aura mahipAla caupAI vinayacandradvArA 1821 meM alavara meM likhI huI prApta hotI haiM / haMsadUta laghusaMghatrayI aura laghukSetrasamAsa zAstroM kI pratiyeM kramazaH 1543 I. aura 1546 I. meM likhI gii| ___ isa sthAna kA ullekha solahavIM zatAbdI ke zilAlekhoM meM bhI hotA hai| 1531 I. meM eka alavara ke zrAvakane sumatinAtha kI mUrti kI pratiSThA karavAI / 1628 kA eka zilAlekha alavara meM rAvaNa pArzvanAtha ke maMdira kA ullekha karatA hai|
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________________ jainAgamoM meM mahattvapUrNa kAla-gaNanA zrI agaracanda nAhaTA upalabdha jaina sAhitya meM saba se prAcIna grantha ekAdazAMgAdi Agama sAhitya hai / bhagavAn mahAvIrane samaya 2 para jo pravacana die, unakA saMkalana unake pradhAna ziSya gaNadharoMne ina AgamoM ke rUpa meM kiyA hai / gaNadharoM ke bAda ke AcAryoM ne bhI guruparamparA se jo jJAna prApta kiyA usako upAMga, chedasUtra prakIrNaka Adi granthoM ke rUpa meM grathita kiyA / una AgamoM ke lambe samaya taka maukhika rUpa meM hI paThanapAThana hone ke kAraNa jyoM-jyoM smaraNazakti kSINa hotI gaI, unakA bahuta sA aMza vismRta hotA calA gayA / samaya-samaya para unako suvyavasthita karane ke lie muniyoM ke sammelana bhI hue jo Agama-vAcanA ke nAma se prasiddha haiN| vartamAna meM upalabdha AgamoM kA pATha vIra nirvANa saM. 980 meM devarddhigaNi kSamAzramaNa dvArA saurASTra ke vallabhInagara meM lipibaddha kiyA gayA jo vallabhI - vAcanA kahalAtI 1 hai / isase pahale mathurA meM jo AgamoM kA pATha nirNaya huA thA vaha mAdhurI - vAcanA ke nAma se prasiddha hai, usakA ullekha kahIM kahIM pATha-bheda ke rUpa meM vallabhI - vAcanA ke Agama Adi kI TIkAoM meM pAyA jAtA hai| ina AgamoM meM se kucha kI sarvaprathama TIkA prAkRta bhASA meM niryukti ke nAma se AcArya bhadrabAhune kI / unake racita dasa AgamoM kI niyukti kA ullekha milatA hai jina meM eka-do ko chor3a bAkI prApta hue haiN| phira bhASya aura cUrNisaMjJaka TIkAe~ bhI racI giiN| AThavIM zatAbdI se saMskRta TIkAoM kA racA jAnA bhI prArambha thA / bArahavIM ke karIba prAyaH samasta AgamoM kI TIkAe~ taiyAra ho cukIM / isa Agamika sAhitya kA parimANa karIba 5 lAkha zlokoM se bhI adhika mAnA jAtA hai / yadyapi mUla AgamoM ke jitane bar3e parimANa ke hone kA ullekha milatA hai usase upalabdha Agama bahuta kama parimANa vAle hI aba upalabdha haiM / bArahavAM dRSTivAda nAmaka aMga bahuta hI mahatvapUrNa aura vizAla thA / vaha to aba sarvathA lupta ho cukA hai| usakA eka aMza caudaha pUrva ke nAma se prasiddha thA / vaha bhI bhagavAn mahAvIra ke karIba 200 varSa bAda hI AcArya bhadrabAhu aura sthUlabhadra ke bAda lupta ho gayA / isake bAda dasa pUrvo kA jJAna vIra nirvANa ke karIba 600 varSa taka calatA rahA / tatpazcAt pUrvo kA jJAna bhI lupta ho gayA / yadyapi unake AdhAra se racita thor3e se grantha aba bhI prApta haiM / isa prakAra upalabdha AgamoM meM kevala - jJAnI aura zruta - jJAnI ke mahAn jJAnakA asaMkhyAtavAM va anantavAM aMza hI aba prApta hai / ( 71 )
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________________ aura usakA prasAra jainAgamoM meM mahattvapUrNa kAla-gaNanA / jaina tIrthaGkaroM aura atizaya jJAniyoM ke jJAna kA jo thor3A sA aMza Aja prApta hai aura usameM kaI viSayoM kA jisa sUkSmatA ke sAtha varNana hai usako dekhane para hamAre prAcIna mahApuruSoM kA jJAna kitanA gambhIra aura vizAla thA, sahaja hI anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai| upalabdha jainAgamoM meM prAcIna bhAratIya saMskRti, itihAsa, dharma, darzana, sAhitya, kalA, saMgIta, alaukika vidyAeM, zaktiyA, tatkAlIna sAmAjika jIvana, rAjanaitika paristhitiyA~ va paramANujJAne, karmasiddhAMta Adi kA bahuta hI jJAtavya vivaraNa milatA hai / bhAratIya prAntIya bhASAoM ke vikAsa, zabdoM ke mUlarUpa, svarUpaparivartana, arthaparivartana Adi kI dRSTi se bhI prAkRta bhASA meM nivaddha ina AgamoM kA bar3A mahatva hai / kheda hai ki unakA yadyapi vividha dRSTi se mahatva hai, para unakA mUlyAMkana abhI prAyaH nahIM ho paayaa| zvetAmbara jaina samAja meM to inakA mahatva dhArmika dRSTi se hI rUr3ha hai / munigaNa usI dhArmika bhAvanA va zraddhA se inakA adhyayana-adhyApana va vAcana-vyAkhyAna Adi karate haiM aura zrAvaka vidvAn bhI isI bhAvanA se unheM sunakara dharma va Ananda prApta karate haiM / sarvaprathama inakA jo anya vyApaka dRSTikoNa se jo mahatva hai, isakI ora pAzcAtya vidvAnoMne dhyAna diyA aura aba kucha bhAratIya vidvAnoMne bhI prayatna kiyA hai, para vaha bahuta hI sImita hai| jaba kaI vidvAn vividha dRSTiyoM se inake mahatva para prakAza DAleMge tabhI unake mahatva kA paricaya sarvasulabha ho sakegA / prastuta lekha meM to jainaAgamoM meM jo samaya yA kAla-gaNanA kA sUkSma aura vizada vivaraNa hai usIkA thor3A paricaya karAyA jA rahA hai jisase unake mahatvakI jhAMkI pAThakoM ke sanmukha aaye| gaNita ke kSetra meM bhAratIya maniSiyoM kI dena bahuta hI ullekhanIya hai| jainAgamoM meM prAcIna gaNita aura jyotiSa paddhati kA jo mahatvapUrNa vivaraNa milatA hai, vaha anyatra durlabha hai| gaNita kA AdhAra saMkhyA hai / jainetara granthoM meM saMkhyA kA parimANa jahAM taka milatA hai, jainAgamoM meM usase bahuta Age kI saMkhyAoM kA vivaraNa prApta hai| samaya kI sUkSmatA aura kAlagaNanA kI dIrghatA kA itanA adhika vivaraNa vizva-sAhitya meM kahIM bhI nahIM milatA aura saMkhyAoM ke nAma aura guNana kI paddhati bhI jo jainAgamoM meM milatI hai vaha anya granthoM se bhinna prakAra kI hai / pAThakoM ko isakA kucha paricaya abhI karavAyA jA rahA hai| jaina darzana meM isa jagata ke samasta padArthoM ko jar3a aura cetana do mukhya bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai / cetana to jIva yA AtmA ke nAma se prasiddha hai hI, jar3a ko 4 yA 5 bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai| (1) dharmAstikAya, (2) adharmAstikAya, (3) AkAzAstikAya, 1 dekho jaina bhAratIya, 94 aM. 52-53 /
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________________ 566 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha jainadharma kI prAcInatA (4) pudgala aura (5) aupacArika dravya " kAla " / inameM se pudgala hI rUpI yAnI dRSTimAna hai, bAkI sabhI dravya adRSTimAna haiN| pudgala kA saba se choTA aMza paramANu kahalAtA hai / jIva aura ajIva ke 5 prakAroM ke sammilita rUpa ko 6 dravyamaya jagata batalAyA gayA hai| dravya mUlataH nitya haiM, para paryAya kI dRSTi se unameM parivartana hotA rahatA hai| nayApana yA purAnApana kA mUla kAraNa kAla hai jo bhUta, bhaviSya, vartamAna ke rUpa meM prasiddha hai| kAla ko aupacArika 'dravya' mAnA gayA hai| yadyapi isakI gati aura prabhAva bahuta hI vyApaka hai| jagata kA samasta vyavahAra usa kAla ke dvArA hI hotA hai / dina aura rAta; bAlya, yuvA, vRddhAvasthA aura samasta kAryoM kA krama kAla para hI AdhArita hai / 5 dravya samUhAtmaka va upadezAtmaka hone se astikAya kahalAte haiN| kAla eka samayavizeSa hone se astikAya nahIM hai / kAla ke saba se sUkSma aMza eka samaya se lagAkara anantakAla taka kA vivaraNa aura unake madhyavartIya saMkhyAoM ke nAma Adi kA jo vivaraNa jaina AgamoM meM milatA hai vaha pAThakoM kI jAnakArI ke lie nIce diyA jA rahA hai| jaina darzana meM kAladravya " samaya kI sUkSmatA" saba se sUkSma aMza 'samaya' batalAyA gayA hai / samaya kI jaisI sUkSmatA jainAgamoM meM batalAI gaI hai vaisI kisI bhI darzana meM nahIM pAI jaatii| isa sUkSmatA kA kucha AbhAsa udAharaNa dvArA isa prakAra vyakta kiyA gayA hai: prazna-'zakti, sampanna, svastha aura yuvAvasthAvAlA koI julAhe kA lar3akA eka bArIka paTTa (sATikA-vastra) kA eka hAtha pramANa Tukar3A bahuta zIghratA se eka hI jhaTake se phAr3a DAle to isa kriyA meM jitanA kAla lagatA hai kyA vahI samaya kA pramANa hai !" uttara- 'nahIM, utane kAla ko samaya nahIM kaha sakate; kyoMki saMkhyAta tantuoM ke ikaDe hone para vaha vastra banA hai| ataH jaba taka usakA pahalA tantu chinna nahIM hogA tabataka dUsarA tantu chinna nahIM hotA / pahalA tantu eka kAla meM TUTatA hai, dUsarA tantu dUsare kAla meM; isa lie usa saMkhyeya tantuoM ko tor3ane kI kriyAvAlA kAla samaya-saMjJaka nahIM kahA jA sktaa|' prazna-'jitane samaya meM vaha yuvA paTTasATikA ke pahale tantu ko tor3atA hai kyA utanA kAla samaya-saMjJaka hotA hai !" uttara-'nahIM, kyoM ki paTTasATikAkA eka tantu saMkhyAta sUkSma ruoM ke ekatrita hone para banatA hai, ataH tantu kA pahalA-Upara kA ruMA~ jabataka nahIM TUTatA tabataka nIcevAlA dUsarA ruMA~ nahIM TUTa sktaa|' prazna- taba kyA jitane kAla meM vaha yuvA paTTasATikA ke prathama tantu ke prathama ruMyeM ko tor3atA hai utanA kAla samaya-saMjJaka ho sakatA hai!'
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________________ aura usakA prasAra jainAgamoM meM mahattvapUrNa kAla-gaNanA | 567 uttara - ' vaha bhI nahIM, kyoM ki ananta paramANu saMghAtoM ke ekatrita hone para vahAM ruMAM banatA hai | ataH roMyeM kA prathama paramANu- saMghAta jabataka nahIM TUTatA tabataka nIce kA saMghAta nahIM TUTa sakatA / Upara kA saMghAta eka kAla meM TUTatA hai, nIce kA saMghAta usase bhinna dUsare kAla meM / isa lie eka roMyeM ke TUTane kI kriyAvAlA kAla bhI samaya- saMjJaka nahIM ho sakatA / ' arthAt eka royeM ke TUTane meM jitanA samaya lagatA hai usase bhI atyanta sUkSmatara kAla ko' samaya ' kahate haiM / jaina darzana meM manuSya A~kha bandha kara kholatA hai yA palakeM mAratA hai, isa kriyA meM lagane vAle kAla meM asaMkhyAta samaya kA bIta jAnA batalAyA gayA hai / Aja to isakI sUkSmatA kA kucha AbhAsa hama vaijJAnika AviSkAroM se aura bhI acche rUpa meM pA lete haiM-jaise reDiyo meM hajAra mIla kI avAja kucha saiMkaNDoM meM hI hameM sunAI detI haiN| aba sUkSma sthAna se dUsare sUkSma sthAna meM kitanA samaya lage, isakA uparyukta udAharaNa se pAThakoM ko jaina-darzana ke samaya kI sUkSmatA ke kucha AbhAsa se avazya mila sakatA hai / ye dRSTAnta kevala viSaya ko bodhagamya karane ke lie hI diye gaye haiM, samaya kA vAstavika svarUpa to kalpanAtIta hai / bhAratIya gaNita meM bhAratIya gaNita kI saMkhyA meM dasa gune kI saMkhyA kI paripATI hai jisa meM eka, daza, sau, hajAra, dasa hajAra, lAkha, dasa lAkha, karor3a, dasa karor3a, araba ( abja ), dasa araba, kharaba ( kha ), dasa kharaba, padma, dasa padma, nIla, dasa nIla, zaMkha, dasa zaMkha taka kI ( 18 aMkoM kI ) gaNanA prasiddha hai / para amalasiddhi aura lIlAvatI' grantha meM isake Age kI kucha saMkhyAoM ke bhI nAma milate haiM / lIlAvatI ke anusAra dasa zaMkha ke bAda kI saMkhyAoM ko kSiti, mahAkSiti, nidhi, mahAnidhi, kalpa, mahAkalpa, ghana, mahAghana, rUpa, mahArUpa, vistAra, mahAvistAra, ukAra, mahA ukAra aura auMkAra zakti taka kI saMkhyAoM ke nAma hote haiM / alasiddhi meM dasa zaMkha ke pazcAt kSiti, dasakSiti, kSobha, dasa kSobha, riddhi dasariddhi, siddhi, dasa siddhi, nidhi, dasa nidhi, kSoNi, dasa kSoNi, kalpa, dasa kalpa, prAhi, dasa prAhi, brahmAMDa, dasa brahmAMDa, rUdra, dasa rUdra, tAla, dasa tAla, bhAra, dasa bhAra, burja, dasa burja, ghanTA, dasa ghanTA, mIla, dasa mIla, pacUra, dasa pacUra, laya, dasa laya, kAra, dasa kAra, apAra, dasa apAra, naTa, dasa naTa, giri, dasa giri, mana, dasa mana, bana, dasa bana, zaMkU, dasa zaMkU, bApa, dasa bApa, 1. lIlAvatI meM dasa hajAra ko ayuta, dasa lAkha ko prayuta, araba ko arabuja, nIla ko kSoNi saMjJA dI hai / kharva kI Age kI saMkhyAoM ke nAma nikharva, mahApadma, zaMku, jaladhi, aMtya, madhya aura parArddha bhI milate haiN|
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________________ 568 zrImad vijayarAjendrasari-smAraka-graMtha jainadharma kI prAcInatA bala, dasa bala, jhAr3a, dasa jhAr3a, bhora, dasa bhIra, vajra, dasa vajra, loTa, dasa loTa, naje, dasa naje, paTa, dasa paTa, tama, dasa tama, dambha, dasa gumbha, kaika, dasa kaika, amita, dasa amita, gola, dasa gola, parAmita, dasa parAmita, ananta, dasa ananta yahAM-taka kI saMkhyAoM kI nAmAvalI dI hai / antima 'ananta' zabda se saMkhyA kI yahAM samApti huI smjhie| eka anya grantha meM dazAMka saMkhyA batalAte hue saMkhyAoM ke nAma nimnokta die haiMsau sau hajAra = eka karor3a mahAvRnda sau hajAra = 1 padma karor3a sau hajAra = eka zaMkU padma sau hajAra =1 mahApadma zaMkU sau hajAra = eka mahAzaMkU mahApadma sau hajAra = 1 kharva mahAzaMkU so hajAra= eka vRnda kharva sau hajAra = 1 samudra vRnda sau hajAra = eka mahAvRnda samudra sau hajAra = mahoSa bauddha granthoM meM gaNanA-praNAlI ke nimnokta saMkhyAoM taka ke nAma milate haiM:(1) eka 1, (15) abbuda=(10000000) 8 (2) dasa 10 (16) nirabbuda=(10000000)9 (3) sau 100, 1 (17) ahaha=(10000000) 10 (4) sahassa=1000 (18) ababa=(10000000) 11 (5) dasa sahassa-10000 (19) aTaTa=(10000000) 12 (6) satasahassa%100000 (20) sogandhika-(10000000) 13 (7) dasa sata sahassa=1000000 (21) uppala=(10000000)14 (8) koTi=10000000 (22) kumuda (10000000) 15 (9) pakoTi=(10000000)2 (23) puMDarIka-(10000000) 16 (10) koTippakoTi-(10000000) 3 (24) paduma=(10000000) 17 (11) nahuta=(10000000)4 (25) kathAna=(10000000) 18 (12) ninahuta=(10000000) 5 (26) mahAkathAna=(10000000) 19 (13) akhominI ( 10000000) 6 (27) asaMkhyeya=(10000000) 20 (14) bindu=(10000000) 7 vijJAna ne Aja aneka viSayoM meM asAdhAraNa unnati kI hai| gaNanA-buddhi kA bhI bahuta adhika vistAra huA hai, phira bhI jitanI lambI saMkhyAoM ke nAma kramika rUpa meM jaina pranthoM meM mile haiM vahA~ taka pAzcAtya dezoM kI gaNanA-paddhati bhI nahIM pahuMca pAI hai|
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________________ aura usakA prasAra jainAgamoM meM mahattvapUrNa kAla-gaNanA / 569 33 zUnyoM taka kI saMkhyA aMgrejI meM pracalita hai| usake Age bIca kI aneka saMkhyAoM ko chor3a kara prakAza-varSa (Light-year ) saMkhyA AtI hai| aura phira upanAmoM ke sAtha vaha bar3hatI jAtI hai / 33 zUnyoM taka kI saMkhyAoM ke nAma isa prakAra hai: ( 1 ) Unit ikAI = 1 ( 2 ) Ten dahAI = 10 ( 3 ) Hundred saiMkar3o = 100 ( 4 ) Thousand hajAra = 1000 ( 5 ) Tens of thousands = 10000 ( 6 ) Hundreds of thousands = 1 aura 5 zUnya = 1 aura 6 zUnya ( 7 ) Millions ( 8 ) Tens of millions = 1 aura 7 zUnya ( 9 ) Hundreds of millions = ( 11 ) Tens of billions = 1 aura 10 zUnya ( 12 ) Hundreds of billions = 1 aura 11 zUnya ( 13 ) Trillions 1 aura 12 zUnya ( 14 ) Quadrillions = 1 aura 15 zUnya ( 15 ) Quintillions = 1 aura 18 zUnya ( 16 ) Sextillions ( 17 ) Septillions ( 18 ) Octillions ( 19 ) Nomillions ( 20 ) Decillions = 1 aura 21 zUnya = 1 aura 24 zUnya = 1 aura 27 zUnya = 1 aura 30 zUnya = 1 aura 33 zUnya = 1 aura 8 zUnya = 1 aura 9 zUnya ( 10 ) Billions prakAzavarSa - 1 sekaNDa meM prakAza kI gati 1 lAkha 86 hajAra mIla ke hisAba se - 3600 x 24 x 365 x 186000=Light-year ( prakAza varSa ) / jainAgamoM meM samaya yA kAlagaNanA lAkha se Age caurAsI (84) lAkha se guNita milatI hai aura unameM Age kI saMkhyA ke uparokta nAmoM se prAyaH sarvathA bhinna haiM / padma, nalina, ayuta, prayuta, Adi thor3e nAma uparyukta granthoM meM bhI Aye haiN| para unakI saMkhyA kI gaNanA karane se vaha unase bahuta hI adhika jA pahu~catI hai, ataH una nAmoM kA sAmya vAstava meM saMkhyA kA sAmya nahIM hai| mAlUma hotA hai ki vartamAna meM jo saMkhyA kI dasa guNita praNAlI prasiddha hai usase pahale bhArata meM eka aisI bhI paramparA rahI hai jo caurAsI (84) lAkha kI saMkhyA se guNita hotI thI / isa praNAlI ke saMkhyAnAmoM kA ullekha saubhAgya se jainAgamoM meM baca pAyA hai / anyatra pIchevAlI paramparA prasiddha hone para prAcIna paramparA bhulAI jA cukI pratIta hotI hai / Age dI jAnevAlI jaina kAlagaNanA meM se truTitAMga saMkhyA kA to prayoga kahIM kahIM jaina granthoM meM milatA hai / pUrvataka kI saMkhyA to prasiddha hI hai / bhagavAn RSabhadeva Adi kI Ayu kA parimANa caurAsI lAkha pUrva kA batalAyA gayA hai, jisakI saMkhyA kA nAma truTitAMga hotA hai / isake Age kI saMkhyAoM ke nAmoM kA prayoga mere dekhane meM nahIM aayaa| usake bAda saMkhyAt, asaMkhyAt, ananta, palyopama aura sAga 72
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________________ 570 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha jainadharma kI prAcInatA ropama ina nAmoM kA hI prayoga jainAgamoM meM milatA hai| lIlAvatI aura amalasiddhi meM ullekhita saMkhyA nAmoM se bhI pichale nAmoM kA prayoga vyavahAra meM nahIM AyA hI pratIta hotA hai| ataH aisI saMkhyAoM ke nAma kevala gaNanA kI dIrghatA batalAne ke lie hI likhe gae mAlUma dete haiN| jaina AgamoM meM bhI ekAdaza aMga bhagavAna mahAvIra kathita-saba se prAcIna mAne jAte haiM, inameM tIsare va pAMcaveM aMgasUtra sthAnAMga, bhagavatI meM nIce dI jAnevAlI kAlagaNanAtmaka saMkhyAoM kA ullekha milatA hai| usake bAda ke jambUdvIpaprajJapti, anuyogadvAra, jyotiSakaraMDaka Adi stroM meM bhI ina saMkhyAoM kA vivaraNa prApta hotA hai / isI prakAra digambara sampradAya ke prAcIna sAhitya meM tiloyapannati Adi granthoM meM ina saMkhyA nAmoM kA ullekha hai / yadyapi ina bhinna-bhinna granthoM meM kahIM-kahIM bhinnatA yA vaiSamya bhI hai, jisakA kAraNa yahI ho sakatA hai ki AgamAdi mUla lambe kAla taka maukhika rUpa meM rahe; ataH kucha saMkhyAoM ke nAma bhUla gae va paravartita ho gae hoNge| prayoga yAne vyavahAra meM to unakA pracalana thA hI nahIM, ata: aisA honA svAbhAvika bhI hai| ___ bhagavatI sUtra ke zataka 6 uddeza 7 va zataka 11 meM sudarzana zeTha ne bha0 mahAvIrase vANijya grAma ke bAhara jaba ve palAsaka caitya meM padhAre the to pUchA thA ki he bhagavan ! kAla kitane prakAra ke hote haiM to bhagavAn mahAvIra ne uttara diyA ki 4 prakAra ke (1) pramANakAla, (2) yathAyurnivRtti kAla, (3) maraNa kAla aura (4) addhA kAla / pramANa kAla do prakAra kA-divasapramANa kAla, rAtripramANa kAla / isameM cAra pauraSI yAnI prahara kA divasa aura cAra prahara kI rAtri hotI hai / alaga-alaga RtuoM Adi meM prahara choTA-bar3A hotA hai arthAt bar3e se bar3e dina meM pauraSI 41 muhUrta kI aura kama se kama tIna muhUrta kI hotI hai, ityAdi kA nirUpaNa hai| yathAyurnivRtti kAla-manuSya, deva Adi ne jaise AyuSya kA bandha kiyA usI prakAra kA pAlana karane ko kahA gayA hai| zarIra se jIva ke viyoga ko maraNakAla kahate hai| ina tInoM kAloM kI to sAdhAraNa vyAkhyA batalAI hai / hameM yahAM cauthe kAla yAne addhAkAla kA hI vizeSa nirUpaNa karanA hai| usake sambandha meM batAyA gayA hai ki addhAkAla aneka prakAra kA hotA hai| kAla kA saba se choTA avibhAjya aMza 'samaya' kahalAtA hai| asaMkhyAt samayoM kI 1 AvalikA, saMkhyAt AvalikAoM kA eka uzvAsa aura (a)saMkhyAt AvalikAoM kA hI eka nizvAsa hotA hai / vyAdhirahita jIva kA eka zvAsa aura uzvAsa eka 'prANa' kahalAtA hai| sAta prANoM kA eka stoka, sAta stokoM kA eka lava, 77 lavoM kA eka muhUrta, 3773 uzvAsoM kA eka muhUrta ( do ghaDI=48 miMTa ) hotA hai, 30 muhUrta kA eka ahorAtra, 15 ahorAtroM kA eka pakSa, do pakSoM kA eka mAsa, do mAsoM kA eka Rtu, tIna RtuoM kA eka
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________________ aura usakA prasAra jainAgamoM meM mahattvapUrNa kAla-gaNanA / 571 ayana, 2 ayanoM kA eka varSa, pAMca varSoM kA eka yuga, 20 yurgoM kI eka zatAbdI, dasa zatAbdI kA eka hajAra varSa, sau hajAra varSoM kA eka lAkha varSa yahAM taka kI gaNanA to prasiddha praNAlI ke anusAra hI hai; para isase Age kI gaNanA caurAsI lAkha se guNita hai / aura unake gaNana. phala yA pariNAma kI saMkhyAoM ke nAma bhI sarvathA bhinna prakAra ke haiM / jaise 84 lAkha varSoM kA eka pUrvAMga, 84 lAkha pUrvAMgoM kA eka pUrva (7056000varSa ) isa taraha se kramazaH 84 lAkha se guNanA karane para jo saMkhyAyeM AtI haiM unake nAma hai: - truTitAMga, truTita, ar3ar3AMga, ar3ar3a, avavAMga, avava, huhuAMga, huhua, utpalAMga, utpala, padmAMga, padma, nalinAMga, nalina, arthanupUrAMga, arthanupUra, ayutAMga, ayuta, prayutAMga, prayuta, nayutAMga, nayuta, cUlikAMga, cUlikA, zIrSaprahelikAMga zIrSaprahelikA, ' yahA~ taka kI gaNita - saMkhyA hai| isake bAda kA kAla upamAdvArA jAnA jAtA hai / aupameya kAla ke do prakAra haiM / ( 1 ) palyopama ( 2 ) sAgaropama / inakA vivaraNa Age diyA jAyagA / jambUdvIpaprajJapti (sUtra. 18) aura anuyogadvArasUtra meM bhI inakI gaNanA se zIrSa prahelikA taka ke 54 aMka aura 140 zUnya milA kara 194 taka ke aMkoM kI saMkhyA pahu~catI hai / isase eka aura adhika saMkhyA prAcIna jaina jyotiSagrantha jyotiSakaraNDaka meM milatI hai jisa ke anusAra zIrSaprahelikA taka kI saMkhyA 70 aMka aura usa para 180 zUnya arthAt 250 aMkoM taka jA pahu~catI hai| usameM pUrva se zIrSaprahelikA taka ke saMkhyA nAma isa prakAra die haiN| 0000000 pUrva, latAMga, latA, mahAlatAMga, mahAlatA, nalinAMga, nalina, mahAnalinAMga, mahAnalina, padmAMga, padma, mahApadmAMga, mahApadma, kamalAMga, kamala, mahAkamalAMga, mahAkamala, kumudAMga, kumuda, mahAkumudAMga, mahAkumuda, truTitAMga, truTita, mahAtruTitAMga, mahAtruTita, aDDAMga, ar3ada, mahA aDDAMga, mahA ar3ar3a, uhAMga, uha, mahA uvahAMga, mahA uvaha, zIrSaprahilikAMga, zIrSaprahelikA / pAThaka dekheMge ki pUrva se truTitAMga ke bIca ke nAma to sarvathA bhinna haiM aura usake bAda bhI mahAzabda se saMkhyA ko dugunI kara dI gaI hai / uvahAMga huAMga kA aura mahA uvahAMga utpalAMga kA saMkSiptIkaraNa hai / aura usake bAda kI bhI kucha saMkhyAeM chor3a dI gaI haiM / antima zIrSaprahelikAMga aura zIrSaprahelikA donoM meM samAna hai| inakI kAlagaNanA ke anusAra yaha saMkhyA 1875517955011259541900969981343977079746549426 197777476572573457186816 isa 70 aMka kI saMkhyA ke bAda 180 zUnya aura lagAkara yaha saMkhyA 250 zUnyAMkoM kI pUrI hotI hai / digambara granthoM meM dhavalA, trilokaprajJati, trilokasAra, rAjavAcika, harivaMzapurANa Adi
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________________ 572 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha jainadharma kI prAcInatA meM 1 isa gaNanApaddhati kA ullekha hai / SaT khaMDAgama khaNDa 1 bhAga 2 pustaka naM. 3 kI prastAvanA meM diye gaye pUrva taka kI gaNanA ke nAma to vahI haiM, para Age ke nAmoM meM kucha antara hai, unheM yahAM de rahA hUM / caurAsI pUrva kA nayutAMga, 84 lAkha nayutAMga kA nayuta tathA isI prakAra 84 aura 84 lAkha guNita krama se kumudAMga aura kumuda, padmAMga aura padma, nalinAMga aura nalina, kamalAMga aura kamala, truTitAMga aura truTita, aTaTAMga, aTaTa, amamAMga aura amama, hAhAMga aura hAhA, huhAMga aura huhu, latAMga aura latA, tathA mahAlatAMga aura mahAlatA kramazaH hote haiM / phira 84 lAkha guNita krama se zrIkalpa ( yA ziraHkampa ) hastaprahelita, (hastaprahelikA ) aura acalapa ( carcikA ) hote haiM / 84 ko 31 bAra paraspara guNA karane se acala kI varSoM kA pramANa AtA hai / jo 90 zUnyAMkoM kA hotA hai' / yadyapi ina nayutAMga Adi kAlagaNanAoM kA ullekha prastuta ( SaTkhaMDA gama ) meM nahIM AyA tathApi saMkhyAt gaNanA kI mAnyatA kA kucha bodha karAne ke lie prastAvanA meM diyA gayA hai / yaha saba saMkhyAt ( madhyama ) kA hI pramANa hai / isase kaI gunA Upara jAkara utkRSTa saMkhyA kA parimANa hotA hai / saMkhyAt ke tIna bheda haiM- jaghanya, madhyama aura utkRSTa / gaNanA kA Adi (prAraMbha ) eka se mAnA jAtA hai / kintu eka kevala vastu kI sattA to sthApita karatA, bheda ko sUcita nahIM karatA / bheda kI sUcanA do se prArambha hotI hai / aura isI lie do ko saMkhyAt kA Adi mAnA hai / isa prakAra jaghanya saMkhyAt do haiM / utkRSTa saMkhyAt Age batalAye jAnevAle jaghanya parItA saMkhyAt se eka kama hotA hai / tathA ina donoM choroM ke bIca jitanI bhI saMkhyAeM pAI jAtI haiM ve saba madhyama saMkhyAt ke bheda haiM / asaMkhyAt ke tIna bheda haiM- parIta, yukta aura asaMkhgAt aura ina tInoM meM se pratyeka punaH jaghanya, madhyama aura utkRSTa ke bheda se tIna prakAra kA hotA hai / jaghanya parItA saMkhyAt kA pramANa anavasthA, zalAkA, pratizalAkA aura mahAzalAkA aise cAra kuMDoM ko dvIpa samudroM kI gaNanAnusAra sarasoM se bharakara nikAlane kA prakAra batalAyA gayA hai, jisake lie trilokasAra gAthA 18 - 35 dekhiye / Age batalAye jAnevAle jaghanya yuktAsaMkhyAt se eka kama karane para utkRSTa parItA saMkhyAt kA pramANa milatA hai, tathA jaghanya aura utkRSTa parIta ke bIca kI saba gaNanA madhyama parItA saMkhyAt ke bhedarUpa haiM / jaghanya parItAsaMkhyAt ke vargita saMvargita karane se arthAt usa rAzi ko utane hI bAra guNitapraguNita karane se jaghanya yuktAsaMkhyAt kA pramANa prApta hotA hai / Age batalAye 1. trilokapannati meM yaha likhA hai / para 84 ko 31 bAra guNita karane para 60 aMka pramANa kI saMkhyA AtI hai| dvAhRAMga aura hAhA saMkhyAoM ke nAma rAjavArtika va harivaMzapurANa meM nahIM miLe /
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________________ aura usakA prasAra jainAgamoM meM mahattvapUrNa kAla-gaNanA / 573 jAnevAle jaghanya asaMkhyAtAsaMkhyAt se eka kama utkRSTa yuktAsaMkhyAt kA pramANa hai aura ina donoM ke bIca kI saba gaNanA madhyama yuktAsaMkhyAt ke bheda haiN| __ jaghanya yuktAsaMkhyAt kA varga ( ya x ya) jaghanya asaMkhyAtAsaMkhyAt kahalAtA hai, tathA Age batalAye jAnevAle jaghanya parItAnanta se eka kama utkRSTa asaMkhyAtAsaMkhyAt hotA hai, aura ina donoM ke bIca saba gaNanA madhyama asaMkhyAtAsaMkhyAt ke bhedarUpa haiM / jaghanya asaMkhyAtAsaMkhyAt ko tIna bAra vargita saMvargita karane se jo rAzi utpanna hotI hai usameM dharmadravya, adharmadravya, eka jIva aura lokAkAza, inake pradeza tathA apratiSThita aura pratiSThita vanaspati ke pramANa ko milAkara utpanna huI rAzi meM kalpakAla ke samaya, sthiti aura anubhAgabaMdhAdhyavasAya sthaloM kA pramANa tathA yoga ke utkRSTa avibhAga praticcheda milAkara use punaH tIna bAra vargita saMvargita karane se jo rAzi utpanna hogI vaha jaghanya parItAnanta kahI jAtI hai| Age batalAye jAnevAle jaghanyayuktAnanta eka kama utkRSTa parItAnanta kA pramANa hai tathA bIca ke saba bheda madhyama parItAnanta haiN| jaghanya parItAnanta ko vargita saMvargita karane se jaghanya yuktAnanta hotA hai| Age batAye jAnevAle jaghanya anantAnanta se eka kama utkRSTa yuktAnanta kA pramANa hai tathA bIca ke saba meda madhyama yuktAnanta hote haiN| __ jaghanya yuktAnanta kA varga jaghanya antAnanta hotA hai| isa jaghanya anantAnanta ko tIna bAra vargita saMvargita karake usameM siddha jIva, nigodarAzi, pratyeka vanaspati, pudgalarAzi, kAla ke samaya aura alokAkAza, ye chaha rAziyA~ milAkara utpanna huI rAzi ko punaH tIna bAra vargita saMvargita karake usameM dharmadravya aura adharmadravya sambandhI agurulaghuguNa ke avibhAga praticcheda milA denA cAhie / isa prakAra utpanna huI rAzi ko punaH tIna vAra vargita saMvargita karake use kevala jJAna meM se ghaTAve aura phira zeSa kevalajJAna meM use milA deve / isa prakAra prApta huI rAzi arthAt kevalajJAna pramANa utkRSTa anantAnanta hotA hai / jaghanya aura utkRSTa anantAnanta kI madhyavartI saba gaNanA madhyama anantAnanta kahalAtI hai| zvetAmbara granthoM meM bhI saMkhyAt ke tIna, asaMkhyAt ke 9 aura ananta ke 9 bheda loka. prakAza Adi granthoM meM varNita haiM / ananta ke 11 anya prakAroM kA ullekha dhavala meM pAyA jAtA hai / dhavala ke gaNita ke mahattva ke sambandha meM DA0 avadhezanArAyaNasiMha kA lekha paThanIya hai jo aMgrejI meM SaTkhaMDAgama ke cauthe bhAga meM aura usakA hindI anuvAda 5 ve bhAga meM prakAzita huA hai / DA0 avadhezanArAyaNasiMha kA bhAratIya gaNita ke itihAsa ke
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________________ 574 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha jainadharma kI prAcInatA ' jaina srota ' nAmaka nibandha ' varNI abhinandana grantha ' meM par3hanA cAhie / saMgrahaNIsUtra Adi zve 0 jaina granthoM meM jo ATha prakAra ke gaNita kA prayoga va vivaraNa milatA hai usake sambandha meM 'jaina gaNitavicAra' pustaka paThanIya hai| saMkhyA gaNita kI bhA~ti mApa ke parimANa kA bhI sundara gaNita ' anuyogadvAra' Adi jaina granthoM meM milatA haiM I 1 anuyogadvAra sUtra meM 4 prakAra ke pramANa batalAye haiM: - ( 1 ) dravyapramANa ( 2 ) kSetrapramANa ( 3 ) kAlapramANa (4) bhAvapramANa / dravyapramANa do prakAra kA hai- eka pradezaniSpanna, dvitIya vibhAganiSpanna / eka pradezI paramANu pudgala se lekara ananta pradezI skaMdha paryanta sarvapradezaniSpanna hotA hai / vibhAganiSpanna pA~ca prakAra kA hai / jaise ki - ( 1 ) mAnapramANa (2) unmAnapramANa (3) avamAnapramANa ( 4 ) gaNitapramANa ( 5 ) pratimAnapramANa | mAna pramANa do prakAra kA hai jaise ki - dhAnyamAnapramANa aura rasamAnapramANa | aura usase Age alaga-alaga prakAra ke mApa-taula Adi saMkhyAoM kA gaNita kA vistRta varNana hai / lekhavistArabhaya se unheM yahA~ nahIM diyA jA rahA hai| anupUrvI, anAnupUrvI aura bhAMge Adi kA gaNita bhI jaina granthoM meM maulika sA hai, jisa se jaina vidvAn gaNita jaise rUkhe kSetra meM kitane Age bar3he hue the pratIta hotA hai / aura bhAratIya prAcIna gaNita kI jo prANaliyA~ va saMjJAyeM Adi thIM jinakA anyatra varNana nahIM milatA aura hama bhUla se cuke haiMjainAgamoM meM vaha surakSita hai - yaha bahuta hI mahattva kI bAta hai / 1 kAlapramANa do prakAra kA hotA hai- palyopama evaM sAgaropama / palyopama tIna prakAra kA hotA hai, uddhAra palyopama, 2 addhApalyopama, 3 kSetrapalyopama / uddhAra pasyopama do prakAra hotA hai - 1 sUkSma uddhAra, 2 vyavahArika pazyopama / 1 vyavahArika uddhArapalyopama - eka yojanA kI lambAI, caur3AI evaM U~cAI vAlI dhAnya bharane kI pAlI ke samAna golAkAra aise eka ku~e kI kalpanA kI jAya, jisakI gola + jambUdvIpaprajJapti meM yojana kA pramAga isa prakAra batalAyA gayA hai- pudgala dravya kA sUkSmAtisUkSma aMza paramANu kahalAtA hai / ananta sUkSma paramANuoM kA eka vyavahAra paramANu / ananta vyavahArika paramANuoM kA eka uSNa zreNiyA / kramazaH isa prakAra ATha ATha guNa varddhitaH - zIta zreNiyA, urdhvareNu, trasareNu, rathareNu, devagurU, uttarakurU ke yugaliyoM kA bAlAma, harivarSaramyakavarSa ke yugaliyoM kA bAlAya, hemavaya airaNavaya ke manuSya kA bAlaprapUrNa, mahAvidehakSetra ke manuSyoM kA bAlAya, bharata airAvata kSetra ke manuSyoM kA bAlAgra, unake ATha bAloM kI eka lIkha, phira krama se ATha guNita yUkA, yavamadhya ( utsedha ) aMgula - 6 ( utsedha ) aMguloM kA eka pAu, bAhara aMguloM kA eka baita, cauvIsa aMguloM kA eka hAtha, ar3atAlIsa aMguloM kI eka kukSI, 96 aMguloM kA eka akSa yA daMDa, dhanuSya, yugga, mUsala, nAlikA arthAt cAra hAthoM kA 1 dhanuSya, do hajAra dhanuSyoM kA eka gAu ( vartamAna kosa 2 mAila) cAra gAu kA eka yojana hotA hai /
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________________ aura usakA prasAra jainAgamoM meM mahattvapUrNa kAla-gaNanA / 575 paridhi kA nApa tIna yojana se kucha adhika hotA hai| usameM sira muDAne ke bAda eka dina ke, do dina ke yAvat sAta ahorAtri bar3he hue kezoM ke Tukar3oM ko Upara taka dabA-dabA kara isa prakAra bharA jAya ki unako na agni jalA sake, na vAyu ur3A sake aura na ve sar3eM yA gleN| unakA kisI prakAra vinAza na ho sake / ku~e ko aisA bhara dene ke bAda pratisamaya eka-eka keza khaMDa ko nikAlA jaay| jitane samaya meM vaha golAkAra kuA~ khAlI ho jAya, usameM eka bhI keza kA aMza na bace-utane samaya ko vyavahArika uddhArapalyopama kahate hai| aise kor3Akor3I vyavahArika uddhAra palyopama kA eka vyavahArika uddhArasAgaropama hotA hai / isa kalpanA se kevala kAlapramANa kI prarUpaNA kI jAtI hai / 2 sUkSma uddhArapalyopama-usa upayukta kUe~ ko eka se sAta dina taka bar3he hue kezoM ke asaMkhya Tukar3e karake unase use uparyukta vidhi se bharakara prati samaya eka-eka kezakhaMDa yadi nikAlA jAya to isa prakAra nikAle jAne ke bAda jaba ku~A sarvathA khAlI ho jAya, utane kAla kA eka sUkSma uddhArapalyopama hotA hai / 3 vyavahAra addhApalyopama-uparokta ku~e ko vyavahArika uddhAra kI upayukta vidhi se bharakara dabe hue keza khaNDoM meM se eka-eka keza ko sau-sau varSoM bAda nikAle jAne para jaba ku~A khAlI ho jAya to utane samaya ko vyavahArika addhApalyopama kahate haiN| 4 sUkSma addhApalyopama-pUrvokta ku~e ko 1 dina se 7 dina ke bar3he hue kezoM ke asaMkhya Tukar3e karake pUrvavat vidhi se dabA kara bhara diyA jAya aura phira sau-sau varSoM ke anantara eka-eka kezakhaNDa nikAlA jAya / jitane samaya meM vaha ku~A khAlI ho jAya, utane kAla ko sUkSma addhApalyopama kahate haiM / 5 vyavahArakSetra palyopama-vyavahAra uddhArapalyopama ke kezoMne jitane AkAzapradeza ko sparza kiyA hai, utane AkAzapradeza meM se eka-eka ko pratisamaya meM apaharaNa karane meM jitanA kAla lage use vyavahArika kSetra pasyopama kahate haiM / (AkAza ke pradeza keza-khaNDoM se bhI adhika sUkSma hai / ) 6 sUkSmakSetra palyopama-sUkSma uddhArapatyopama ke kezakhaNDoM se jitane AkAzapradezoM kA sparza huA ho aura jinakA sparza na bhI huA ho unameM se pratyeka pradeza se pratisamaya apaharaNa karate hue jitanA samaya lage use sUkSmakSetrapalyopama kahate haiN| ___ daza kroDAkor3I palyopama kA eka sAgaropama hotA hai / palyopama ke 6 medoM ke anusAra sAgaropama ke bhI 6 bheda hote haiN| aise daza kroDAkor3I sUkSma addhA sAgaropamoM kI
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________________ 576 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha jainadharma kI prAcInatA 1 utsarpiNI yA 1 avasarpiNI hotI hai / ina donoM ke milAne se arthAt 20 koDAkor3I sAgaropama kA eka kAlacakra hotA hai| isase adhika samaya ko anantakAla kahate haiN| sthAnAMga sUtro meM aupamika kAla ATha prakAra kA batAyA hai ( 1 ) palyopama (2) sAgaropama (3) utsarpiNI ( 4 ) avasarpiNI (5) pudgalaparAvarta (6) atiddhAtA (7) anAgatAdvA ( 8 ) sarvAddhA / ina meM se avasarpiNI utsarpiNI taka kA vivaraNa upara AyA hai / ananta utsarpiNI avasarpiNI kA pudgalaparAvarta hotA hai / bhagavatI sUtra ke 12 veM zataka ke cauthe vivecana meM pudgalaparAvarta 7 prakAra ke batAye haiN| audArika pudgala. parAvarta, vaikriya pudgala-parAvarta, taijasapudgalaparAvarta, kArmaNapudgalaparAvarta, manapudgalaparAvarta, vacana pudgalaparAvarta aura AnaprANapudgalaparAvarta / nairayikoM ko nairayika-rUpa meM yA asurakumArAdi bhavanapati, vANavyantara, jyotiSka aura vaimAnika ke rUpa meM eka bhI audArika pudgalaparAvarta vyatIta nahIM huA aura na hogA hii| pRthvIkAya se manuSya paryanta bhavoM meM ananta pudgalaparAvarta vyatIta hue aura ananta vyatIta hoNge| vaimAnika paryanta sarva jIvoM ke lie isI prakAra jAnanA caahiye| yahAM audArika kI taraha hI sAtoM pudgalaparAvarta kahane cAhiye / jahAM parAvarta hote haiM vahAM vyatIta tathA bhAvI donoM hI ananta jAnane caahiye| audArika zarIra meM rahe hue jIva-dvArA audArika zarIra yogya jo dravya audArika zarIra rUpa meM grahaNa-baddha, spaSTa, sthira, sthApita, abhiniviSTha, saMprApta-avayarUpa meM gaThita, pariNata nijINa kiye gaye tathA jo jIva pradeza se nikala gaye va sarvathA bhinna ho gaye, ve dravya audArika pudgalaparAvarta kahe jAte haiN| audArika kI taraha hI anya vaikriya zarIra pudgalaparAvarta Adi jAnane cAhiye / ananta utsarpiNI aura avasarpiNI kAla meM eka audArika pudgalaparAvarta bana sakatA hai / isI prakAra anya pudgalaparAvarta jAnane caahiye| ina saboM ke niSpattikAloM meM sabase alpa karmaNa pudgalaparAvarta kA niSpattikAla hai, isase anantaguNita taijasa kA, isase anantaguNita audArika kA, isase anantaguNita AnaprANa kA, isase anantaguNita mana kA, isase ananta guNita vacana kA aura isase anantaguNita vaikriya kA hai| ___ alpatvabahutva kI apekSA se saba se alpa vaikriya pudgalaparAvarta haiN| inase anantaguNita manake, inase anantaguNita AnaprANa ke, inase anantaguNita audArika ke, inase anantaguNita tejasa ke aura inase anantaguNita kArmaNa pudgalaparAvarta haiN|
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________________ aura usakA prasAra jainAgamoM meM mahattvapUrNa kAla-gaNanA / 577 kAla-gaNanA kI bhA~ti kSetra - gaNanA kI bhI jainAgamoM meM bar3I sUkSma carcA hai / asaMkhyAt samudra aura Urdhva aura adholoka kA parimANa samasta loka 14 rAjaloka ke nAma se kahA jAtA hai| usameM rajjU kA parimANa Adi bahuta hI vizAla hai / aura bhI aneka bAtoM meM jisa sUkSmatA ke sAtha vivaraNa milatA hai atizaya jJAnI dvArA hI sambhava hai / jo loga Aja 1 kA jJAna - vijJAna pahale kI apekSA bahuta bar3hA-car3hA mAnate haiM unheM hamAre prAcIna sAhitya kA vistRta aura sUkSma adhyayana karanA cAhiye / ThIka hai yuga kI AvazyakatA ke anusAra yAntrika aura bhautika vikAsa jo vijJAna dvArA kaI kSetroM meM pUrvApekSA unnata huA hai; phira bhI bhArata ke prAcIna sAdhaka RSi aura tIrthaMkaroM ne jo Atmika va anubhava jJAna meM unnati kI - usake sAmane Aja kA jJAna-vijJAna bahuta hI sAdhAraNa lagatA hai / unake jJAna kA vikAsa pustakoM para hI AdhArita na hokara AtmA kI nirmalatA para AdhArita thA aura sAdhanA ke dvArA unhoMne apanI zakti kA vikAsa bahuta hI asAdhAraNa rUpa meM kiyA thA jinheM Aja kI duniyAM pahuMca hI nahIM sktii| Aja to una bAtoM meM loga vizvAsa taka nahIM karate / pAtaJjalI yogasUtroM meM saMyama kI sAdhanA se jo adbhuta zaktiyAM yA vibhUtiyAM sAdhaka meM pragaTita yA prApta hotI haiM unakA kucha vivaraNa hai / isI prakAra jainAgamoM meM 2 prakAra kI labdhiyAM mAnI gaI haiM jinameM Azcaryajanaka zakti milatI hai / AkAzagAminIvidyAsampanna muniyoM kA vivaraNa milatA hai jo binA kisI yantra ke jaba cAhe, jahAM cAhe jA sakate the| AhAraka zarIra kA vivaraNa bhI camatkArika hai| vaikriya labdhisampanna vyakti rUpaparAvartana jaise cAheM kara sakate the / deva - vimAnoM aura inakI vaikriya vikurvaNA kA varNana bhI adbhuta hai / avadhijJAna ke dvArA bahuta vizAla pradeza aura aneka janmoM kI bAteM jJAta ho jAtI thIM / manaHparyava jJAna - dvArA pratyeka mAnavAle vyakti ke mana ke pariNAma jAna liye jAte the aura kaivalya jJAna meM to koI bhI bAta ajJAta nahIM rahatI thI / bhUta, bhaviSyat, vartamAna kAla ke sUkSmAtisUkSma sabhI bAteM pratyakSa ho jAtI thIM / una mahApuruSa ke jJAna kI tulanA Aja ho hI kaise sakatI hai ? hameM apane prAcIna sAhitya kA gambhIra eka vizAla adhyayana karate rahanA cAhiye / 1 1. sarvebhyaH sUkSmataraH samayaH // 2. asaMkhyAtaiH samayairAvalikA // 3. saMkhyAtAvalikAbhirucchvAsaH || 4. ta eva saMkhyeyAniHsvAsaH // 73 pariziSTa saMkhyA va aMka 5. dvayorapi kAlaH prANaH // 6. saptabhiH prANabhiH stokaH // 7. saptabhiH stokairlavaH //
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka - pratha 578 8. saptasaptatyAlavAnAM muhUrttaH // 9. triMzatA muhUrtairahorAtraH // 10. taiH paJcadazabhiH pakSaH // 11. dvAbhyAM pakSAbhyAM mAsaH // 12. mAsadvayena RtuH // 13. RtutrayeNa ayanaM // jainadharma kI prAcInatA 14. ayanadvayena saMvatsaraH // 15. taiH paJcabhiryugaM // 16. viMzatyA yugairvarSazataM // 17. tairdazabhirvarSa sahasraM // 18. teSAM zatena varSalakSaM // 19. teSAM caturazItivarSalakSaiH pUrvAGgaM // 8400000 // atrAMkadvayaM viMdavaH paMca // agre ca svasvA anaMtapUrvaka caturazItilakSai gaNanIyastathA ca uttarottarokau bhavati / 20. pUrvaM // 70560000000000 || DaMkAH 4 divaH 10 // 21. tuDitAMgaM // 592704 biMdavaH paMcadaza aMkAH 6 / / 22. tur3itaM / / 49787136 biMdavo viMzati aMkAH 8 // 23. aDaDAMga / / 4182119424 biMdUnAM paMcaviMzatiH aMkAH 10 // 24. aDaDaM // 3512980316 triMzadivaH aMkAH 12 // 25. avavAMgaM / / 29509034655744 paMcatriMzadvidavaH aMkAH 14 // 26. avavaM // / 2478758911082496 catvAridvidavaH aMkAH 16 // 27. hUhUkAMgaM / / 208215748530939664 // paMcacatvAriza hiMdavaH aMkAH 18 // chaH // 28. hUhUkaM // 17490122876598091776 paMcAzadvidavaH aMkAH 20 // 29. utpalAMgaM // 146917032163423909184 paMcapaMcAzadvidavaH aMkAH 21 // 30. utpalaM / / 1234103070 17276135571456 SaSTibiMdUnAM kAH 24 // 31. padmAMgaM // 1036646578945119538800234 paMcaSaSTibiMdUnAM aMkAH 26 // 32. padmaM / 870783126313900412592193536 saptati biMdavaH 'kAH 27 // 33. nalitAMgaM 73145782610367634657754257024 paMcasaptatibiMdavaH 'kAH 29 // 34. nalitaM 6144245739270881311250517590016 azIti biMdavaH 'kAH 31 //
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________________ 579 aura usakA prasAra jainAgamoM meM mahattvapUrNa kAla-gaNanA / 35. arthatipurAMga // 516116642098754030145043477561344 paMcAzIti biMdUnAM 33 aMkAH // 36. arthatiraM // 4335379736295338532183652115152896 navati biMdUnAM 90, aMkAH 35 // 6417190266488085367034267767843264 paMcanavati viMdavaH 95 aMkAH 37 // 38. ayutaM // 30590439832849908683087849324518834. 176 zataM biMdUnAM 100 // 39 aMkAH / / 39. nayutAMgaM / / 256959694520339923937943259582020784 paMcottaraM zataM 105 biMdUnAM // 41 aMkAH / / 40. nayutaM // 215846143397085535566786786483380489. 3945856 / dazottaraM zataM 110 // 43 aMkAH // 41. prayutAMgaM // 181310760453551849876100900646039611091451904 / paMcadazottaraM zatabiMdUnAM 115 // 45 aMkAH // 42. prayutaM // 152601038780983553895924756542673273. 31681959936 viMzatyuttaraM zataM 120 // 47 aMkAH // 43. cUlikAMtaM / / 1279328725760261852725767954958455. 495861284634624 paMcaviMzatyuttaraM zataM / 125 // 49 aMkAH / / 44. cUlikA // 10746361296386199562896450821651026. 1652347909308416 triMzaduttaraM zataM / 130 // 51 aMkAH // 45. zIrSaprahelikAMga // 9026943488964407632833018690186861978797224381906944 / paMcatriMzaduttaraM zataM-135 // 52 aMkAH / / 46. zIrSaprahelikAM // 758263530730102411579035699756964906218966848080123296 / catvArizataM 140 biMdavaH 54 aNkH|| " bhagavatI 5 zataka uddeza 1-sUtra 42 patre gaNitasaMkhyAtaM tataH paraM upamAsaMkhyAtaM bha0 tha0 sU. u. 7 aM. 194 saMkhyA tataH upamA "
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________________ " mahAvIrasvAmI kA mukti-kAla-nirNaya " pro. sI. DI. caTarjI, lakhanaU vizvavidyAlaya, lkhnuu| bauddha evaM jaina dhArmika granthoM meM upalabdha sAmagrI kA adhyayana karane se yaha nizcaya. pUrvaka jJAta hotA hai ki maskarina gozAla, mahAvIra tathA buddha samakAlIna the| kintu ina dharmagranthoM meM isakI nizcita sUcanA nahIM milatI ki unakI nirvANa tithiyoM meM kitane varSoM kA antara thaa| isa jAnakArI ke abhAva meM unakI nidhana-tithiyoM kI gaNanA karanA bhI atyanta kaThina hai| itanA avazya nizcita hai ki ajAtazatru jaba magadha ke siMhAsana para ArUr3ha huA taba ve sabhI jIvita the| kyoMki ' dIghanikAya' ke sAmajyaphala sutta meM isa bAta kA spaSTa ullekha hai ki, apane pitA kI mRtyu ke turanta uparAnta, saMnyAsa grahaNa karane se kyA lAbha ho sakatA hai, isa sambandha meM apanI zaMkAoM ke samAdhAna ke hetu vaha una sabase milA thA [ Digha Nikayas, ii, pp. 47-9] / jainadharma sAhitya ke ' bhagavatIsUtra' se jJAta hotA hai ki mahAvIra ke jIvanakAla meM hI maskarina gozAla kI mRtyu zrAvastI meM ho cukI thii| Age die gae uddharaNa se jJAta hogA ki buddha ko pAvA meM mahAvIra kI mRtyu kA samAcAra unake eka anuyAyI ne diyA thA jo unake dehAvasAna ke samaya uda nagara meM upasthita thaa| isa prakAra yaha niSkarSa nikAlanA kaThina nahIM ki sarvaprathama prasiddha AjIvika zAstA maskarina gozAla, unake uparAnta mahAvIra aura anta meM buddha kA zarIrAnta huaa| 'dIpavaMsa' aura 'mahAvaMsa' meM prApta bauddhoM ke prAcIna vidhividhAna sambandhI anuzrutiyoM se yaha jJAta hotA hai ki buddha kA dehAvasAna kuzInagara, malloM kI rAjadhAnI meM ajAtazatru ke zAsana kAla ke AThaveM varSa meM huA thaa| usa samaya ajAtazatru vajjiyoM ke pradeza ko apane meM milAne ke lie sainika abhiyAna meM vyasta thA, jaisA ki hameM dIrghanikAya ke mahAparinibbAna mutta se vidita hotA hai| ataH hama yaha nizcita rUpa se kaha sakate haiM ki tInoM samakAlIna zAstAoM kI mRtyu ajAtazatru ke zAsanakAla ke prathama ATha varSoM meM hI ho gaI thii| maskarina gozAla, mahAvIra tathA buddha ke nirvANa kA krama to hama nirdhArita kara cuke haiM, kintu unakI tithiyoM kA nirNaya karanA atyanta kaThina hai / yadyapi uparokta sAmagrI (72)
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________________ aura usakA prasAra mahAvIrasvAmI kA mukti-kAla-nirNaya / 581 ke AdhAra para maskarina gozAla ke mRtyu-kAla kA nirdhAraNa asambhava-prAya hai tathApi anya donoM zAstAoM ke mRtyu-samaya kI gaNanA kucha adhika nizcaya ke sAtha kI jA sakatI hai / prastuta lekha meM eka aise nae dRSTikoNa se mahAvIrasvAbhI kA nirvANakAla nirdhArita karane kI ceSTA kI gaI jisakI ora itihAsakAroM kA dhyAna abhI taka nahIM gayA hai| hemacandrasUri kA kathana hai:evaM ca zrImahAvIramuktevarSazate gate / paJcapaJcAzadadhike candragupto'bhavannRpaH / / [Parisishta Parvan, Viii, 339 ) DA0 jekobIne isa ora dhyAna AkRSTa kiyA hai ki hemacandrasUrine candragupta ke rAjyArohaNa kA jo samaya diyA hai, arthAt mahAvIra ke dehAvasAna ke 155 varSe uparAnta, usakI puSTi karate hue bhadrezvara ne kahAvalI meM likhA hai " evaM ca mahAvIramuttisamayAo pazcAvaNNa varisa sae puchaNNe ( ucchiNNe ) nandavaMse candragutto rAyA jAu ti" ataH spaSTa hai ki bhadrezvara ke matAnusAra bhI nandavaMza kA ucchedana tathA candragupta kA zAsanArohaNa mahAvIra ke saMsAra se mukti pAne ke 155 varSa uparAnta huA, kintu bahu. tere jaina grantha, jaise vicAra zreNI, harivaMzapurANa, vividhatIrthakalpa, tIrthoddhAra prakIrNaka tathA trailokyaprajJapti isa Anuzrutika tithi ko asvIkAra karate haiN| unake anusAra mahAvIra kI mRtyu candragupta maurya ke sattArUr3ha hone ke 215 varSa pUrva ho gaI thI (pAlaka ke 60 varSa + nandoM ke 155 varSa =215 varSa ) pariziSTaparvan aura kahAvalI tathA ina granthoM kA racanA-kAla AThavIM se caudahavIM ( 13 vI ) zatAbdI ke bIca hai| ___ candragupta ke rAjyArohaNa kI tithi I0 pU0 324 se pUrva nirdhArita nahIM kI jA sakatI / kAraNa yaha hai ki I0 pU0 326 meM yA I0 pU0 325 ke pUrvArddha meM candragupta sikandara se sAdhAraNa vyakti ke rUpa meM milA thA, na ki prAcya (Prasioi) aura gAMgya (Gangaridai) ke rAjA ke rUpa meM / ataH hemacandra aura bhadrezvara kI gaNanA ke anusAra mahAvIra kA nidhana I0 pU0 479 ( I0 pU0 324+155 varSa ) se pUrva sambhava nhiiN| 1 asaMbhava nhiiN| bhagavatIsUtra se vaha suspaSTa hai| saMpA. zrI naahttaajii| 2 svIkRta mahAvIra nirvANa saMvat I0 pU0 527 meM tarkasaMgata zaMkA hai, agara ajAtazatrukA zAsana kAla nizcita aura pramANataH mAnya haiM aura buddhanirvANa ajAtazatru ke zAsana ke AThaveM varSa meM mAnA gayA hai| buddhanirvANa mere matAnusAra I0 pU0 477 aura prastuta lekhake lekhaka ke matAnusAra I. pU. 483 hai to zaMkA yaha hotI hai ki mahAvIranirvANa aura buddha kA gRhatyAga eka hI varSa meM athavA 5-6 varSa ke antara me haye haiN| aura yaha siddha nahIM ho skegaa| lekhakane jo naI dRSTi dI hai vaha avazyameva gaMbhIra zodha aura ciMtana ke sAtha vicAraNIya evaM maMthanIya hai| dekhiye prAgvATa-itihAsa pR.6. caraNalekha 1 / -saMpA0 daulatasiMha kodd'aa|
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________________ 182 zrImad vijayarAjendrasari-smAraka-graMtha jainadharma kI prAcInatA buddha kI mRtyu I0 pU0 483 meM huii| yadi mahAvIra kA nirvANa kAla I0 pU0 479 svI. kAra kara liyA jAya to hameM yaha bhI svIkAra karanA hogA ki buddha kI mRtyu mahAvIra se kama se kama cAra varSa pUrva ho gaI thii| kintu vAstavikatA isake viparIta hai| hama yaha jAnate haiM ki buddha aura unake nijI sahAyaka sAriputra ko, jinakI mRtyu tathAgata se pUrva huI, na kevala pAvA meM mahAvIra ke nirvANa aura taduparAnta jaina saMgha meM honevAle bheda kI hI sUcanA milI thI, varan ve isa bAta se cintita bhI the ki kahIM yaha saMkrAmaka roga bauddha saMgha meM bhI na phaila jAya aura usake anuyAyI bhI vaisI sthiti meM usI prakAra vyavahAra na karane lage [ Digha Nikaya, iii, pp. :09 ff. P. T. S. ] / isake lie eka aura bhI pramANa hai| cuNDa nAmaka eka bauddha zramaNodeza ( samaNudesa ), jisane mahAvIra kI taraha hI pAvA meM varSAvAsa kiyA thA, (pAvAyAM vasavuttho ), jaba zAkya rAjya meM sthita sAmagAma meM buddha ke darzanArtha AtA hai, to vaha Ananda ko sUcita karatA hai ki nigaNTha nAtaputta ( mahAvIra ) kA abhI hAla hI meM pAvA meM dehAvasAna ho gayA hai (pAvAyAM adhunA kAlakato hotI) aura unakI mRtyu ke pazcAt unake anuyAyI do daloM meM vibhakta hokara (dvedhikajAtA bhaMDanajAtA ) virodhI vicAroM kA pratipAdana kara rahe haiN| yahI nahIM, unakA kalaha isa sImA taka pahu~ca gayA hai ki ve eka dUsare ko apazabda bhI kahane para utArU ho gae haiN| isa ghaTanA se ve donoM bauddha saMgha kI ekatA tathA maryAdA kI samasyA kI cintA lekara vicAra karane ke hetu buddha ke pAsa pahuMce / buddha ne isa sambandha meM do upadeza die jinameM se eka vizeSa rUpa se cuNDa, aura dUsarA unake ziSya Ananda ke lie thaa| cuNDa ko die gae laghu upadeza ko dIghabhANakoM ne aura Ananda ko die gae laghu upadeza ko majjhimabhANakoM ne lipibaddha kiyA hai [ Digha Nikkya, iii, pp. 117-41, P. T. S. tathA Majjhima Nikaya. ii, pp. 248-51, P. T. S. ] / ataH hama yadi kalpasUtra kI isa paramparA ko mAna leM ki mahAvIra kA dehAnta cAturmAsa ke cauthe mAsa meM, sAtaveM pakSa meM kArtika kRSNa pakSa kI amAvasyA ko ( dIpAvalI ke dina ) rAjA hastipAla ke pApA ( pAvA ) sthita sacivAlaya meM huA to hameM yaha svIkAra karanA par3egA ki unakA dehAnta buddha se pUrva ho gayA thA, kyoMki yaha hama nizcita rUpa se jAnate haiM ki buddha ne eka aise vyakti se bauddha saMgha ke bhaviSya ke sambandha meM vimarza kiyA, jo mahAvIra ke sAtha pAvA meM cAturmAsa vyatIta kara cukA thaa| isa prakAra ve jaina saMgha meM honevAle uthala-puthala tathA usake upAsakoM para honevAlI pratikriyAoM se bhI bhalIbhA~ti avagata the /
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________________ aura usakA prasAra mahAvIra svAmI kA mukti-va -kAla-nirNaya / 583 uparokta kAraNoM se na to candragupta ke zAsanArohaNa kI hemacandra tathA bhadrezvara dvArA dI gaI paramparA ( buddha ke dehAvasAna ke 155 varSa bAda ) aura na dUsare jaina granthoM meM pAlaka ke sATha varSe jor3akara diyA gayA samaya ( buddha ke 215 varSa bAda ) hI mAnya ho sakatA hai / aisA pratIta hotA hai ki candragupta mahAvIra ke nirvANa se 165 varSa uparAnta siMhAsanArUr3ha hue aura anavadhAnatA vaza kisI bAda ke itihAsa lekhaka ne yaha samaya 155 varSa likha diyA / sambhava hai yaha gaNanA usa kAla se kI gaI ho jaba gaddI para baiThane se pUrva ( I0 pU0 321 ) cANakya ke nirdezana meM candragupta ne nanda rAjya kI sImA para vidroha kiyA aura use jIvana kA sabase bar3A durbhAgya dekhanA par3A / jo bhI ho, yadi bauddha tithikrama ke anusAra prathama maurya samrAT buddha ke nirvANa ke 162 varSa bAda gaddI para A to mahAvIra evaM unake samakAlIna buddha kI mRtyu meM tIna varSoM kA antara aitihAsika STa se asvIkAra karane yogya bAta nahIM hai / vilhelma gAigara, je0 epha0 phlITa tathA DI. ema. de jeDa. vikramasiMha ne magadha aura laMkA meM bauddha dharma ke chaThIM zatAbdI taka ke itihAsa se sambandhita samasta tithikrama sambandhI sAmagrI ke AdhAra para I0 pU0 483 ko buddha kA nirvANa varSa sthira kiyA hai Mahavamsa, Geiger, Intr., pp. xxii ff., P. T. S. Trans. Series; Fleet, J. R. A. S., 1906, pp. 984-6; 1909, pp. 1 ff., pp. 323 ff; Wikremsinghe, Epig. Zeyl, iii, pp. 4 ff ) / isa sambandha meM kie gae nae anusandhAna yaha prakAzita karate haiM ki laMkA meM pandrahavIM zatAbdI anta taka buddha varSa kA Arambha I0 pU0 483 se hI mAnA jAtA thA, kintu jaba paMcAMga meM sudhAra huA to buddha kA nirvANa varSa I0 pU0 544 mAnA jAne lagA John M. Senavaratne, J. R. A. S., Ceylon Br., xxiii, No. 67, pp. 147 ff.) / phlITa ke matAnusAra buddha kA zarIrAnta 13 akTUbara 483 I0 pU0 ko huA thA (J. R. A. S. 1909, p 22 ) / parantu isa lekha ke lekhaka ke vicAra se yaha ghaTanA ravivAra, 26 apraila, I0 pU0 483 kI hai ( D. R. Bhandarkar Vol. pp. 329-30) | tAkAkusU yaha sUcita karate haiM ki kainTana meM 489 I0 taka rakkhe hue ' bindu abhilekhoM meM 975 vindu haiM / ataH buddha kA nirvANa I0 pU0 486 (486+489 = 975 ) meM huA thA (J. RAS,. 1905, p. 51 ) / parantu yadi abhilekhoM ko rakhane meM bhoMDe DhaMga aura unake lambe samaya ko dhyAna meM rakkhA jAya to tIna vinduoM kA adhika honA apratyAzita yA AzAtIta nahIM hai / , * * buddha ' ke sthAna para ' mahAvIra ' cAhiye / saMpA0 daulatasiMha lor3hA.
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________________ bhagavAn mahAvIra kI vAstavika janmabhUmi vaizAlI pro. yogeMdra mizra ema. e. sAhityaratna ___ itihAsa-vibhAga, paTanA vizvavidyAlaya zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra jo jainadharma ke caubIsaveM tIrthakara ho cuke haiM, kSatriyakuMDapura ke kSatriya rAjA siddhArtha ke putra the / yaha kSatriyakuMDapura vaizAlI ke samIpa sthita thaa| prAcIna vaizAlI Ajakala mujaphpharapura jille kA basAr3ha nAmaka gA~va hai / sabase pahale isakI pahacAna mejara janarala kaniMgahama ne kI thii| DAkTara viMseMTa e0 smitha ne bhI isa pahacAna ko mAnA hai aura isake pakSa meM eMsAiklopIDiyA oNva relijana aiMDa ethiksa ' ( bhAga 12, pRSTha 567-568) meM unhoMne nimnalikhita pramANa diye haiM (1) kevala sAdhAraNa parivartana ke sAtha prAcIna nAma abhI bhI cAlU hai| (2) paTanA tathA anya sthAnoM se bhaugolika saMbaMdhoM para vicAra karane se bhI basAda hI vaizAlI ThaharatA hai| (3) sAtavIM zatAbdI ke cInI yAtrI huenasAMga dvArA diye hue varNana kA milAna karane se bhI hama isI pariNAma para pahu~cate haiN| ( 4 ) vaizAlI kI khudAI meM sIleM ( muhareM ) milI haiM jina para ' vaizAlI' kA nAma diyA huA hai| ___jabase basAr3ha meM vaizAlI-nAmAMkita sIleM ( muhareM) mila gayI haiM tabase isameM rati bhara bhI saMdeha nahIM rahA ki Adhunika basAr3ha hI prAcIna vaizAlI hai jo licchaviyoM kI gauravamayI rAjadhAnI raha cukI hai / bhagavAna mahAvIra inhIM licchaviyoM ke sNbNdhii-jnyaatR-the| vidvanmaMDalI ne to bahuta pahale se basADha aura isake samIpastha grAmoM ko prAcIna vaizAlI kA pratinidhi mAna rakhA hai; para abhI bhI kucha thor3e se loga haiM, jo ise mAnane ko taiyAra nahIM / udAharaNArtha zrI narezacaMdra mizra 'bhaMjana' ne 11 apraila, 1949 ke 'AryAvarta' ( paTane se prakAzita hiMdI dainika ) meM 'zrI mahAvIra kI vAstavika janmamUmi' zIrSaka lekha likhA thA jisameM unhoMne yaha siddha karane kI ceSTA kI thI ki muMgera jille ke jamuI sabaDivIjana meM avasthita licchavAr3a nAmaka gA~va hI prAcIna licchavi rAjAoM' (73)
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________________ aura usakA prasAra bhagavAna mahAvIra kI vAstavika janmabhUmi vaishaalii| kI rAjadhAnI thA tathA isake samIpa 'kSatriyakuMDa ' nAma se prasiddha sthAna hI zrI mahAvIra kI vAstavika janmabhUmi hai| maiMne -- bhaMjana'jI ke lekha kA uttara usI varSa 5 jUna ke 'huMkAra' ( paTane se prakAzita hiMdI sAptAhika), 17 jUna ke 'yogI' ( paTanA, hiMdI sAptAhika ) aura 24 julAI ke 'AryAvarta ' meM chapavAyA / eka dUsare sajjana ne 12 jUna ke 'AryAvarta ' meM licchavAr3a ke pakSa meM eka lekha (caubIsaveM tIrthakara mahAvIra kI janma. bhUmi' ) likhA thA jisakA uttara mere * yogI' evaM 'AryAvata ' vAle lekhoM meM saMmilita kara liyA gayA thaa| 'bhaMjana'jI ko mere uttara se tasallI na huI aura unhoMne 27 disaMbara 1949 ke 'AryAvarta' meM mere lekha kA prativAda kiyaa| prativAda meM koI nayA 'vAiMTa' na thA, isalie maiMne usakA uttara nahIM diyA / ve licchavAr3a ke samIpa ke nivAsI haiM aura unheM Dara hone lagA ki kahIM sacAI khula gayI, to usa sthAna kA mahattva kama ho jAegA / ataeva unhoMne ahamadAbAda kI akhila bhAratIya orieMTala kAnphreMsa (1953) meM bhI eka lekha bheja DAlA / zrI jagadIzacaMdra mAthura, AI0 sI0 esa0 aura mere dvArA saMpAdita 'vaizAlI-abhinaMdana -graMtha' ( vaizAlI, 1948) ke nikalane para jisa meM kaI lekhakoM dvArA vaizAlI ko bhagavAn mahAvIra kA janmasthAna siddha kiyA gayA thA, gujarAta meM isa saMbaMdha meM bar3I dilacaspI phailI aura eka jaina munijI ne gujarAtI bhASA meM 'kSatriya. kuMDa' nAmaka pustaka likhI, jisa meM unhoMne licchavADa ke samIpa 'kSatriyakuMDa' nAma se Ajakala pracalita sthAna ko bhagavAna mahAvIra kI janmabhUmi btlaayaa| gujarAtI bhASA se anabhijJa hone ke kAraNa maiM uttara na de sakA, kiMtu prasiddha jaina muni zrI vijayeMdrasUrijI usakA uttara taiyAra kara rahe haiN| saca pUchA jAe to bhagavAn mahAvIra kI janmabhUmi ke viSaya meM yaha bhrAMta dhAraNA utpanna hI nahIM hotI, kyoMki licchaviyoM kI rAjadhAnI vaizAlI prAcIna itihAsa meM bahuta prasiddha thii| kiMtu eka vizeSa paristhiti se yaha bhrAMta dhAraNA utpanna ho gayI, jo abhI taka kucha logoM ke hRdayoM meM ghara kiye hue hai / yaha paristhiti yoM huI gupta-kAla meM vaizAlI atyaMta samRddha thI / yaha vahA~ pAyI gayI muharoM, samrAT samudragupta ke licchavidauhitra' viruda tathA cInI yAtrI phAhiyAna ke bhramaNa-vRttAMta se siddha hotA hai| kAlAMtara meM isakA patana ho gyaa| saMbhavataH hUNoM ne isakI yaha dazA kI hogI, kyoMki unakA netA mihirakula apaneko pazupati ( ziva ) kA upAsaka kahatA thA aura usane bauddhoM para ghora atyAcAra kiye the| sAtavIM zatAbdI meM huenasAMga ne jaba ise dekhA,
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________________ 586 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka - graMtha jainadharma kI prAcInatA taba ise ujAr3a pAyA / usa samaya yahA~ bauddha saMghArAma khaMDahara ho cale the; jo the, unameM bhI bahuta kama bhikSu rahate the / dasa-bIsa deva maMdira bhI the / huenasAMga ko vahA~ nirmathamatAnuyAyI (jaina) adhika saMkhyA meM mile / pAla - yuga meM pUrvI bhArata meM bauddha-matAvalaMbiyoM kI jar3a kAphI jama gayI tathA nAlaMdA, vikramazilA, uDayaMtapurI aura vajrAsana ke bauddha mahAvihAroM se isa kAma meM paryApta sahAyatA pahu~cI / vaizAlI meM buddha kI mUrtiyAM bhI banane lagIM, jinameM eka abhI bhI kolhuA meM maujUda hai / isa samaya yahA~ jainoM kA prabhAva kucha kama ho gayA mAlUma par3atA hai, yadyapi jaina tIrthaMkara kI isa yuga kI banI eka mUrti upalabdha hai / vaizAlI ke logoM ke nepAla aura barmA cale jAne kA zAyada asara par3A ho| jaba hama isa yuga ( 7501200 I0 ) ke jainadharma ke itihAsa para dRSTipAta karate haiM, taba hameM patA calatA hai ki isa samaya isa dharma ko rAjasthAna, gujarAta aura dakSiNa meM vizeSa prazraya milA / jainoM maMdira bhI usI tarapha sthApita hue / isameM vaizAlI pIche par3a gayI / jaina purAnI bAteM bhUlate gaye / vaizAlI se unakA saMbaMdha TUTa sA gayA / jisa samaya vaizAlI se jainadharma kA saMbaMdha TUTa rahA thA, usa samaya vahA~ izlAma tejI se apane paira bar3hA rahA thA / 1180 I0 meM imAma muhammada phakIha ne manera (paTanA jillA ) ko vahA~ ke hiMdU saradAra se chIna liyA / unake tIna lar3ake the, jinameM ma~jhale ( isamAIla ) ne tirahuta meM islAma kA jhaMDA UMcA kiyA / inhIM ke vaMza meM paMdrahavIM zatAbdI meM zekha kAjina zuttArI ( 1434 - 1495 I0 ) hue, jinakI kana Aja bhI basAr3ha meM eka cauddha stUpa ke Upara banI huI hai / mugala kAla meM jainamata meM eka navIna jAgrati AyI dIkhatI hai / san 1641 60 meM zAhajahA~ ke rAjatvakAla meM AcArya jinarAjasUri ke netRtva meM bihAra ke zvetAMbara saMgha pAvApurI tIrtha kA jIrNoddhAra karAyA / pAvApurI ( madhyamA pAvA ) meM bhagavAn mahAvIra ko nirvANa prApta huA thA / jaba jaina samAja ko bhagavAn mahAvIra kI nirvANa - bhUmi kA patA laga gayA aura vahAM vizAla maMdira evaM dharmazAlAe~ bana gayIM, taba use mahAvIra kI janmabhUmi ke anveSaNa kI bhI ciMtA huI / usane yaha socA ki jaba bhagavAn kA nirvANa pAvApurI meM huA hai, taba unakA pavitra janma bhI isIke AsapAsa hI kahIM huA hogA | jaina janatA acchI taraha jAnatI thI ki ve0 jaina graMthoM meM bhagavAn mahAvIra kA janma kSatriyakuNDa evaM digambara jaina granthoM meM kuMDapura yA kuMDalapura meM likhA hai aura ve licchaviyoM ke nAtI the / janmabhUmi ke anveSaNArtha do dala nikale / zvetAMbara saMgha ko
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________________ 587 aura usakA prasAra bhagavAn mahAvIra kI vAstavika janmabhUmi vaishaalii| licchavAr3a ( kSatriyakuNDa ) kA patA calA, jise usane caTa licchaviyoM ke nAtI mahAvIra kA janmasthAna mAna liyaa| digaMbara saMgha ko nAlaMdA se saTA huA lagabhaga do mIloM kI dUrI para eka kuMDalapura nAmaka gA~va kA patA lgaa| phira pUchanA hI kyA hai, yahI kuMDalapura mahAvIra kI janmabhUmi mAna liyA gayA aura yahAM bhI (licchavAr3a ke samAna hI ) maMdira, dharmazAlA Adi kA nirmANa ho gyaa| donoM janma-sthAna cala nikale / vahAM tIrtha-yAtrI Ane lage aura kucha logoM kA nihita svArtha sacAI ke Upara pardA DAlane lgaa| usa samaya taka vaizAlI ko jaina bilakula bhUla cuke the| bAharI AkramaNoM ke atirikta gaMDaka nadI kA adhika pazcima kI ora khisakanA bhI eka jabardasta kAraNa huA jisase vaizAlI pahuMcane meM kaThinAI huI hogii| phira yaha jamAnA sthala-vyApAra kI apekSA sAmudrika vyApAra ko adhika tarajIha detA thA / ataeva lAcAra ho jainoM ne licchavAr3a aura usake sabhIpastha prAmoM se hI bhagavAn mahAvIra ke jIvana se saMbaMdha rakhanevAlI sArI ghaTanAe~ joDa dI / phalataH kSatriyakuMDa vahIM sthApita ho gayA / yaha sthAna jaina saMsAra meM aba bhI isI nAma se vikhyAta hai / jaba dUra-dUra ke jainoM ne ise apane tIrthaMkara kA janma-sthAna mAna liyA, taba isakI samIpastha janatA ise svabhAvataH 'janmasthAna' ke nAma se jAnane lgii| jainoM ne yahAM maMdira banayA diye haiM aura apane zAstroM ke anusAra anya sthAnoM kI kalpanA bhI kara lI hai| phalataH garbhakalyANaka aura dIkSAkalyANaka ke nAmoM se prasiddha do maMdira bhI bana gaye haiM / zvetAMbara jainoM ne jo kArya licchavAr3a ke lie kiyA, vahI kArya digaMbara jainoM ne kuMDalapura ke lie kiyA / do sthAnoM kA jainoM dvArA janma-sthAna mAnA jAnA spaSTa batalAtA hai ki musalimakAla meM jaina apanI paraMparA ko bilakula bhUla gaye aura ajJAna ke gahvara meM par3a gye| nahIM to bhalA koI batAe ki bhagavAn kyA do sthAnoM para paidA hue the ? yadyapi jaina samAja kA eka aMza licchavAr3a ko bhagavAna mahAvIra kI janmabhUmi mAnakara vahA~ tIrtha karane ke lie pahu~catA hai, tathApi isameM aise loga bhI haiM, jo satya kA jJAna prApta kara lene ke bAda asatya kA parityAga karane meM apanI hInatA yA niMdA nahIM mAnate / prasiddha jaina vidvAn kalyANavijayajIne ' zramaNa bhagavAn mahAvIra ' nAmaka graMtha likhA hai jisameM unhoMne vaizAlI ko bhagavAna mahAvIra kI janmabhUmi svIkAra kiyA hai| eka dUsare jaina vidvAn zrI vijayeMdramUrine vaizAlI nAmaka apanI pustaka meM yahI vicAra dRr3hatA ke sAtha rakhA hai aura licchavAr3a ke viruddha nimna likhita dalIleM peza kI hai| (1) Adhunika sthAna jise kSatriyakuMDa kahA jAtA hai aura jise licchavAr3a ke
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________________ bhImad vijayarAjendrasari-smAraka-pratha jainadharma kI prAcInatA pAsa batAyA jAtA hai, muMgera jile ke aMtargata hai| mahAbhArata' meM isa pradeza ko eka svataMtra rAjya ' modagiri ' ke nAma se ullikhita kiyA hai, jo bAda meM aMga deza se milA diyA gayA thaa| arthAt prAcIna aitihAsika yuga meM yaha sthAna videha meM na ho kara aMga deza athavA modagiri ke aMtargata thA / isalie yaha sthAna bhagavAn kI janmabhUmi nahIM ho sktaa| (2) Adhunika kSatriyakuMDa parvata para hai, jaba ki prAcIna kSatriyakuMDa ke sAtha zAstroM meM parvata kA koI varNana nahIM miltaa| cUMki vaizAlI ke AsapAsa pahAr3a nahIM haiM, isa liye bhI vahI sthAna bhagavAn kA janmasthAna adhika saMbhava pratIta hotA hai / (3) Adhunika kSatriyakuMDa kI talahaTI meM eka nAlA bahatA hai, jo ki gaMDakI nahIM hai / gaMDakI nadI Aja bhI vaizAlI ke pAsa vahatI hai / (4) zAstro meM kSatriyakuMDa ko vaizAlI ke nikaTa batAyA hai jaba ki Adhunika sthAna ke nikaTa vaizAlI nahIM hai / (5) videha deza to gaMgA ke uttara meM hai jaba ki Adhunika kSatriyakuMDa gaMgA ke dakSiNa meM hai| aMta meM ve isa niSkarSa para pahu~cate haiM ki jo sthAna Ajakala basAr3ha nAma se prasiddha hai vahI prAcIna vaizAlI hai| isI ke nikaTa kSatriyakuMDagrAma thA jahAM bhagavAn ke tIna kalyANaka hue the| unakA kahanA hai ki (1) isI sthAna ke nikaTa Aja bhI vANiyAgAMva kUmanachaparAgAchI aura kolhuA maujUda haiN| Ajakala yaha kSatriyakuMDa sthAna bAsukuMDa nAma se prasiddha hai / (2) AAlojikala vibhAga bhI bAsukuMDa ko hI prAcIna kSatriyakuMDa mAnatA hai / (3) yahAM ke sthAnIya loga bhI yahI samajhate haiM ki bhagavAna mahAvIra kA janma yahIM huA thaa| anya prasiddha jaina vidvAnoM kA bhI yahI vicAra hai| zrI sukhalAlajI saMghavI aura DAkTara hIrAlAla jaina aisA hI mata vaizAlI-mahotsavoM ke apane adhyakSIya bhASaNoM meM (kramazaH 1953 aura 1955 meM ) vyakta kara cuke haiN| pahale-pahala 1947 I. meM bihAra sarakAra ne mahAvIra-janma-divasa (caita sudI teraha ) ko sArvajanika chuTTI ghoSita kii| usa samaya taka vaizAlI-mahotsava (jo 1945 se vaizAlI aura mahAvIra kI pavitra smRti meM prAraMbha huA thA) mArca-eprila meM suvidhAjanaka tithiyoM para manAyA jAtA thaa| sarakAra dvArA sArvajanika chuTTI kI ghoSaNA hote hI vaizAlI-mahotsava 1948 se caita sudI
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________________ aura usakA prasAra bhagavAn madAvIra kI vAstavika janmabhUmi vaishaalii| 589 teraha ko manAyA jAne lagA aura usI sAla se isa mahotsava meM jaina bhI saMmilita hone lage / unhoMne 1948 se hI vaizAlI meM jainazAstrAnumodita DhaMga se mahotsava - tithi ( caita sudI teraha ) para zrI mahAvIra janmotsava bhI manAnA zurU kiyA / isa utsava meM saurASTra aura ahamadAbAda taka ke jaina saMmilita hone lage haiM / I prAcIna itihAsa meM dakSiNa meM muMgera ( muMgera jile kA vaha bhAga jo gaMgA ke dakSiNa hai ) kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai / DAkTara suvimalacaMdra sarakAra ( 1889 - 1954 ) I0 ke matAnusAra vahAM kA abhayapura nAmaka nagara caMdra rAjAoM ( pichale mauyoM kI eka zAkhA jo apane ko caMdragupta maurya ke vaMzaja batalAte the ) kI rAjadhAnI thA / ataeva abhI bhI ur3ena - manakaTThA ilAke meM bahuta-se prAcIna avazeSa milate haiN| vahAM mile abhilekhoM ko mere mitra DAkTara pritoSa vanarjI ne par3hA hai aura ' paTanA yunivarsiTI jarnala' meM chapavAyA hai / DAkTara sarakAra kA vicAra hai ki uDena ( prAcIna uDDIyAna ) meM pahale bauddha vihAra bhIM thA / isI prakAra lakhIsarAya - kiula ilAke meM bhI prAcIna mUrtiyoM kA pAyA jAnA saMbhava hai / jo mUrtiyAM athavA IMTeM milatI haiM unakI jAMca prAmANika taura se nahIM karAyI jAtI / phalataH unheM loga kevala ati prAcIna hI nahIM mAnate, varan bhagavAn mahAvIra ke samaya taka khIMca le jAte haiM / 11 aprela 12 jUna, 1949 ke ' AryAvarta' meM liccha bAr3ha ke pakSa meM jo lekha likhe gaye the ve isI prakAra ke purAtattvavettAoM dvArA likhe gaye mAlUma par3ate haiM, jo licchavAr3a ilAke meM pAI gaI bar3I bar3I IMToM ko chaTThI zatAbdI IsA pUrva kI kaha baiThate haiM / aise logoM ko jahAM kahIM koI bhagnAvazeSa milA ki use caTa IsA ke pUrva chaTThI sadI kA mAna baiThe aura vaha sthAna bhagavAn mahAvIra kI janmabhUmi bana gayA ! vastutaH musalima - kAla meM inhIM jaise vidvAnoM ne usa samaya ke bhole-bhAle aura prAcIna itihAsa evaM paraMparA ke jJAna se rahita jainoM ko dhvani-sAmya ke kAraNa yaha sujhAyA hogA ki lachuAra ( licchavAr3a ) hI licchaviyoM kA prAcIna sthAna hai aura taba vahAM kalpanA - tIrtha kI sthApanA huI hogI / yaha vizvAsa usa samaya pakkA ho jAtA hai jaba hama pahale lekha meM par3hate haiM-" uccAraNa-doSa se ' bahuzAla' kA ' bahuvAri ' ho jAnA bhI vizeSa asaMbhava pratIta nahI hotA / " kahAM zAla kA vRkSa aura kahAM vAri arthAt jala ? kucha aura dimAgI kasarata kI jarUrata hai ' bhaMjana ' jI / dUsare lekha ke aMta meM likhA hai - " morAra kA apabhraMza hote-hote ina dinoM maMjosa ho gayA hai| zvetikA kA apabhraMza hote-hote sikaMdarA ho gayA hai / " sikaMdarA kA saMbaMdha kisI sikaMdara se ho sakatA hai, na kitikA se - yaha itanI svayaMsiddha bAta hai ki isapara kisI TippaNI kI AvazyakatA hI nahIM /
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha jainadharma kI prAcInatA ____ jo loga vaizAlI ko bhagavAn mahAvIra kI janmabhUmi mAnate haiM, ve yaha nahIM kahate ki khAsa vaizAlI nagara meM hI bhagavAn uptanna hue the| kSatriyakuMDagrAma vaizAlI ke samIpa thA; ataH kSatriyakuMDagrAma meM utpanna hone para bhagavAn vaizAlika kahalA sakate the| isameM kisI prakAra kI asaMgati nahIM hai / vastutaH 'sUtrakRtAMga' meM mahAvIra ko * vesAlie' kahA gayA hai| kalpasUtra' meM ve 'videhe, videha dinne, videhajacce, videhasukumAle' arthAt videha, videhadatta, videhajAtya aura videhasukumAra kahe gaye haiN| tIsa varSa videha meM vyatIta karane para unhoMne pravrajyA lI thii| pravrajyA ke bAda unhoMne bAraha varSAvAsa vaizAlI vANijyagrAma meM kiye (licchavAr3a meM eka bhI varSAvAsa kyoM na kiyA, yaha rahasya hI hai) vaizAlI meM jaina avazeSoM ke pAye jAne se hamArA pakSa majabUta ho jAtA hai| yahI nahIM, gupta-kAla meM vaizAlI aura kuMDa samAnArthaka bana gaye the, kyoMki eka sIla para ' vezAlInAmakuMDe kumArAmAtyAdhikaraNa (sya)' likhA hai| deza ke aura kuMDoM se isa (kSatriyakuMDa ) ko alaga dikhalAne ke lie hI aisA likhA gayA thA, isameM koI saMdeha nahIM / ___ aba vaizAlI jaga par3I hai| sacAI bhI tejI se phaila rahI hai / vaizAlI-saMgha ne isa saMbaMdhI sAhitya kA prakAzana kara anusaMdhAna kA mArga prazasta kara diyA hai / zvetAMbara aura digaMbara saMghoM ke aneka sadasya vaizAlI ko bhagavAna mahAvIra kI janmabhUmi mAnane lage haiN| janmabhUmi ke gAMva ( basukuMDa ) meM vaizAlI vidyApITha kI sthApanA ho rahI hai, jahAM prAkRta, jaina sAhitya aura ahiMsA kI zikSA dI jaaegii| isa saMsthA ke lie seTha zAMtiprasAda jaina ne savA chaH lAkha rUpayoM kA dAna diyA hai-pAMca lAkha prAraMbha meM aura pacIsa hajAra prati varSa pAMca varSoM taka / zIghra hI yahAM maMdira aura dharmazAlA kA bhI nirmANa hogaa| aura taba vaizAlI prAkRta iMsTIsyUTa se jJAna kI jo kiraNeM phUTeMgI, unameM ajJAna kA aMghakAra naSTa ho jaaegaa| aMdhavizvAsa ko usameM koI jagaha nahIM milegI aura loga spaSTa dekha sakeMge ki videha meM uptanna vaizAlika bhagavAna mahAvIra kI vAstavika janmabhUmi kahAM hai|
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________________ lalitaphalA aura tIrtha-maMdira vyA.vA.zrImad vijayayatIndrasUrIzvarajI lalitakalA aura tIrtha-maMdira koraTAjI tIrtha kA prAcIna itihAsa pradeza mAravAr3a meM jisa prakAra osiyAM, AbU, kuMbhAriyA, rANakapura aura jaisalamera Adi pavitra aura prAcIna tIrtha mAne jAte haiM, usI prakAra koraMTaka ( koraTAjI ) tIrtha bhI prAcInatA kI dRSTi se kama prasiddha nahIM hai / yaha pavitra aura pUjanIya sthAna jodhapura riyAsata ke bAlI paragane meM eranapurA sTezana se 13 mAila pazcima meM hai / yaha kisI samaya bar3A AbAda nagara thaa| vartamAna meM yahA~ sabhI jAtiyoM kI ghara-saMkhyA 408 aura jana-saMkhyA lagabhaga 1750 hai| ina meM vIsA ausavAla jainoM ke 67 ghara haiM jina meM isa samaya puruSa 122 aura striyAM 113 haiM / isa samaya yaha eka choTe grAma ke rUpa meM dekha par3atA hai / isase lagatI huI eka choTI, parantu baDI vikaTa pahAr3I hai / pahAr3I ke Upara anantarAma sAMkalAne apane zAsanakAla meM eka sudRDha durga banavAyA thA jo dholAgaDha ke nAma se prasiddha thA aura aba bhI isI nAma se pahicAnA jAtA hai| isa samaya yaha durga naSTaprAya hai / durga ke madhya bhAga meM pahAr3I kI coTI para ' varaverajI' nAmaka mAtA kA sthAna aura usIke pAsa eka choTI guphA hai / guphA ke bhItarI kakSa meM kisI tapasvI kI dhUnI mAlUma par3atI hai / isa samaya guphA meM na koI rahatA hai aura na koI AtAjAtA hai| koraTAjI ke cAroM tarapha ke khaMDehara, purAne jaina mandira, Adi ke dekhane se prAcIna kAla meM yaha koI bar3A bhArI nagara hogA aisA sahaja hI anumAna ho sakatA hai| isakA pazcima-dakSiNa bhAga jhArolI gAMva ke pahAr3a se lagA huA hai| (74)
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________________ 592 zrImat vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-praya lalita kalA aura prAcIna zrI mahAvIra mandira isakI prAcInatA siddha karanevAlA zrImahAvIra prabhu kA mandira hai / yaha dholAgaDha pahADI se, athavA koraTAjI se pauna mAila dakSiNa meM 'naharavA' nAmaka sthAna meM sthita hai| zrI vIranirvANa ke bAda 70 varSa pIche isa bhavya mandira kI pratiSThA huI hai aisA upakezagaccha paTTAvalI se vidita hotA hai| isake cAroM tarapha sudRDha parikoSTa aura bhItarI AMgaNa meM prAcIna samaya kA pracchanna bhUmigRha (taladhara) banA huA hai / zrI kalpasUtra kI kalpadrumakalikA nAmaka TIkA aura ratnaprabhAcArya pUjA meM likhA hai ki upakezagacchIya zrI ratnaprabhasUrijIne osiyAM aura koraMTaka nagara meM eka hI lagna meM do rUpa kara ke mahAvIra pratimA kI pratiSThAMjanazalAkA kii| prasiddha jainAcArya AtmArAmajIne bhI svaracita jainadharma viSayaka praznottara ke pRSTha 81 meM likhA hai ki-" eranapurA kI chovanI se 3 koza ke lagabhaga koraMTa nAmA nagara Ujar3a par3A hai jisa jago koraTA nAmakA Aja ke kAla meM gAma vasatA hai, tahAM bhI zrI mahAvIrajI kI pratimA zrI ratnaprabhasUrijI kI pratiSThA karI huI hai / vidyamAna kAla meM so mandira khar3A hai|" paMDita dhanapAlane vi. saM. 1081 ke lagabhaga " satyapurIya zrI mahAvIra utsAha" banAyA hai| usakI 13 vIM gAthA ke ' koriTa sirimAla dhAra AhaDu narANau,' isa prathama caraNa meM koraMTa tIrtha kA bhI namaskaraNIya ullekha kiyA gayA hai / tapAgacchIya somasundarajI ke samaya meM megha ( meha) kavine svaracita tIrthamAlA meM ' koraMTau', paMnyAsa zivavijayajI ke ziSya zIlavijayajI ne apanI tIrthamAlA meM ' vIra koraTi mayAla,' aura jJAnavimala. sUrijIne nija tIrthamAlA meM ' koraTaI jIvitasvAmIvIra ' ina vAkyoM se itara tIthoM ke sAtha-sAtha isa tIrtha ko bhI vaMdana kiyA hai / ina kathanoM se bhI jAna par3atA hai ki vikrama kI 11 vIM zatI se lekara 18 vIM taka yahA~ aneka sAdhu, sAdhvI, zrAvaka, zrAvikA yAtrA karane ko Ate the / ataeva yaha pavitra pUjanIya tIrtha hai aura ati prAcIna pratIta hotA hai| pratimA parAvartanaH AcArya ratnaprabhasUri-pratiSThita zrI mahAvIra pratimA kaba aura kisa kAraNa se khaMDita yA utthApita huI jJAta nahIM / saMvat 1728 meM vijayaprabhasUri ke zAsanakAla meM jayavi. jayagaNi ke upadeza se jo mahAvIra pratimA sthApita kI gaI thI usakA isa mandira ke maMDapagata eka staMbha ke lekha se patA lagatA hai| lekha isa prakAra hai| " saMvat 1728 varSe zrAvaNa zudi 1 dine, bhaTTAraka zrI vijayaprabhasUrIzvararAjye,
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________________ prAcIna zrI mahAvIra maMdira, zrI korTAtIrtha (mAravAr3a-rAjasthAna )
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________________ vIranirvANa santati-vatpiArzvanAthasaMtAnI yAvidyAdhara UjajAto,vidyayA ralapraprAcAryaH16 vA kRtAtmAjamne,caika smita koraMTa usiyAyavIra-1 svAmipranimA pratiSTipaditidhe'tha praaciinmrde| vaDAlakaravijaya siMhe korNttsthviirjiilbivmaautpaa| pyarAzyale vidhizaranavenduke pUrNimAyurau3susthirapane jamne,tasya saudharmadanapogacchIyA zrImadijaparAja sUri:pratiSTrAMjanazalAke cakekorara vAsimtAmorayA sutakastura ezarAjaudilodaviyata meka zrImahAvIraprati mAnanispitAmpadaranAthasutaSTeka taMdasta caityako zikA zAropaNa cakebAja guladAyakAipomAvApuravAsI.daratA yAtmajaH sumAjI zreTIethvIzarasamuza.pradAya vanAmAroeyAmAsa usavAsarata nasutA hIracenanavajakastUraH / zazivasukaradA daMDa-matiTipana kalApurAvAsinasterAma isariziSya-vAcaka mohanavijayAnidhomIrA nirava pra. shstimenaa.guruuprkmldhyaanshuneyu:||aatishriiko 12ramAna-zrImahAvArajitAlayasya pratiSThA prshaastiH| saM.1959 vaizAkhamudi15 mu.koraTA mAravAr3a prazasti, zrI mahAvIra jinAlaya, korTAtIrtha (mAravAr3a-rAjasthAna )
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________________ tIrtha-maMdira koraTAjI tIrtha kA prAcIna itihAsa / 593 koraTAnagare paMDita zrI 5 zrI zrIjayavijayagaNinA upadezathI mu. jetA purasiMgabhAryA, mu. mahA. rAyasiMga bhA0 saM0 bIkA, sAMvaradAsa, ko. ugharaNA, mu0 jesaMga, sA0 gAMgadAsa, sA0 lAdhA, sA0 khImA, sA. chAMjara, sA0 nArAyaNa, sA0 kacarA pramukha samasta saMgha bhelA huIne zrI mahAvIra pavAsaNa baisAryA che, likhitaM gaNi maNivijayakezaravijayena, voharA mahavada suta lAdhA padama lakhataM samasta saghaMnai mAMgalikaM bhavati zubhaM bhavatu " isa pratimA ke bhI zikhA, kAna, nAsikA, laMchana, parikara, hastAMgulI aura caraNAMguliyAM khaMDita ho gaI thIM / ataH pUjane aura sudharAne ke yogya na hone se usake sthAna para navIna mahAvIra pratimA vi. saM. 1959 vaizAkha zudi 15 guruvAra ke dina mahArAja zrI vijayarAjendrasUrijIne sthApita kI jo vidyamAna hai / aura jayavijayagaNi sthApita khaMDita pratimA bhI smRti ke liye gUDhamaMDapa meM virAjamAna rakkhI gaI hai| navIna mahAvIra pratimA koraTA ke ThAkura vijayasiMha ke samaya meM siyANA (mAravAr3a)nivAsI prAgvATa pomAjI luMbAjIne banavAI hai / jo vaha lagabhaga 7 phuTa UMcI hai aura bahuta sundara hai| pratiSThA ke samaya jo eka choTA prazasti-lekha lagAyA gayA thA, usase jAna par3atA hai ki mahAvIra pratimA ko koraTAjI ke rahanevAle osavAla kastUracaMda yazarAjane virAjamAna kI thii| haranAtha TekacaMdane vIra maMdira para kalazAropaNa kiyA thA, pomAvAnivAsI seTha haranAtha khUmAjIne dhvajA aura kalApurAnivAsI osavAla ratanAjI ke putroMne daMDAropaNa kiyA thaa| koraMTakanagara kI prAcIna jAhojalAlI isa grAma ke koraMTapura, koraMTaka, koraMTI, kaNayApura, kolApula kramazaH parivartita nAma milate haiM / vi. saM. 1241 ke lekhoM meM isakA koraMTa' nAma sarva prathama likhA huA jJAta hotA hai / isase pUrva ke lekhoM meM yaha nAma nahIM pAyA jAtA / upadezataraMgiNI grantha se patA calatA hai ki ' saMvat 1252 meM yahAM zrI vRddhadevasUrijIne caumAsA kara ke maMtrI nAhar3a aura sAliga ke pAMcasau kuTuMboM ko pratibodha dekara jaina banAyA thaa| ina ke pahale bhI koraMTanagara meM vRddhadevasUrijIne tIsa hajAra jaine tara kuTumboM ko jaina banAyA thA, ailA vRddhapravAda hai / isa kathana se isa kI samRddhatA evaM sampannAvasthA kA to sahaja anumAna ho sakatA hai| 1"ekadA koraNTasthAne vRddhazrIdevasUrayo vikramAt saM. 1252 varSe caturmAsI sthitA; tatra maMtri nAhar3o laghubhrAtA sAligastayoH 50. kuTumbAnAM ca pratibodhastata mudrita upadezataraMgiNI pR. 102 /
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________________ 594 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-paMtha lalitakalA aura koraMTagaccha: jisa samaya yaha nagara atIva sampanna evaM prasiddha thA, usa samaya isake nAma se 'koraMTagaccha' nAmaka gaccha bhI nikalA thaa| vaha vikramIya 16 vIM zatAbdI taka vidyamAna thA / isa gaccha ke mUla utpAdaka AcAryazrI kanakaprabhasUrijI mAne jAte haiN| uesavaMza sthApaka zrutakevalI zrIratnaprabhasarijI ke ve choTe gurubhrAtA the / isa gaccha ke AcAryoM kI pratiSThita jinapratimAe~ aneka gAvoM meM pAI jAtI haiN| vi. saM. 1515 ke lagabhaga isa sthAna meM hI koraMTa tapA' nAma kI eka zAkhA bhI nikalI thii| mAlama hotA hai ki yaha gaccha apanI zAkhA ke sahita vikrama kI 18 vIM zatAbdI meM vilIna ho gyaa| isa samaya isakA nAmazeSa hI rahA jAna par3atA hai| eka tAmrapatra kA patA vikrama saMvata 1601 meM jaba mATuMgAnivAsI IgaliyA nAmaka mareThA mAravADa ko lUTane ke liye AyA thA, taba vaha koraTA se eka tAmra-patra aura kAlikAdevI kI mUrti le gayA thA / kahA jAtA hai ki vaha tAmrapatra aba bhI mATuMgA meM eka mahAjana ke pAsa hai| koraTA ke mahAjana pratApajI kI bahI meM ukta tAmrapatra se caudaha kakAra utAre gaye haiN| va isa prakAra haiM:-kaNayApurapATaNa 1, kanakadhara rAjA 2, kanakAvatI rANI, 3, kanaiyA~. kuvara 4, kanakesara mutA 5, kAlikAdevI, 6, kAMbIvAva 7, kedAranAtha 8, kakuAtAlAva 9, kalaravAva 10, kedAriyA bAMbhaNa 11, kanakAvalI vezyA 12, kizanamaMdira 13, kezariyAnAtha 14 / __ina caudaha kakAroM meM se kisana (cArabhujA) kA mandira gAMva ke bIca meM, kAlikAdevI aura kaku AtalAva gAMva se dakSiNa, kAMbIvAva aura kedAranAtha gAMva se pauNa mAila pUrva-dakSiNa koNa meM, kalaravAva dholAgaDha aura bAMbhaNerA gAMva ke madhya meM aura kesariyAnAthabiMba koraTAjI ke naye mandira meM virAjamAna haiN| kiMvadanti hai ki 'AnandacokalA ke rAjyakAla meM nAhaDa maMtrine kAlikA mandira, kedAranAtha, khetalAdevala, mahAdevadevala aura kAMbIvAva ye pAMca sthAna saMbaMdhita inakI bhUmisthaloM ke zrI mahAvIra prabhu kI sevA meM arpaNa kiye the; paraMtu Aja kAMbIvAva ke atirikta anya koI sthAna mahAvIra prabhu ke mandira ke adhikAra meM nahIM hai| dUsare do prAcIna jinamaMdira gAMva se pazcima dholAgar3ha kI DhAla bhUmi para pahalA maMdira zrI AdinAtha kA aura dUsarA gAMva meM uttara kI ora hai| ina donoM mandiroM kI staMbhamAlAoM ke eka staMbha para
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________________ tIrtha-maMdira koraTAjI tIrtha kA prAcIna itihAsa / 'OM nAr3hA' akSara utkIrNita hue dekha par3ate haiM / isase jJAta hotA hai ki ye mandira nAhaDa ke putra DhAkalajIne apane zreya ke liye banavAye hoN| nAhaDa aura sAliga ke kuTuMbiyoM dvArA koraMTAdi nagaroM meM nAheDavasahi pramukha 72 jinAlaya banavAne kA ullekha upadezataraMgiNI andhakArane kiyA bhI hai| ina meM prathama jinAlaya kI maMDapa-staMbhamAlAeM yazazcandropAdhyAya ke ziSya padmacaMdra upAdhyAyane apanI mAtA sUrI aura kakubhAcArya ke ziSya bhaTTAraka sthUlibhadrane nija mAtA cehaNI ke zreyo'rtha banavAI haiM, aisA do staMbhoM ke lekhoM se jJAta hotA hai| ina donoM kI prAcIna mUlanAyaka pratimAeM khaMDita ho jAne se, unako mandiroM kI bhramatI meM bhaMDAra dI gaI aura unake sthAna para eka RSabhadeva pratimA saMvat 1903 mAgha zu0 5 maMgalavAra ke dina aura dUsarI pArzvanAtha pratimA saM. 1955 phAlguNa kR0 5 ko pratiSThita evaM virAjamAna kI gaI haiN| prathama ke pratiSThAkAra sAgaragacchoya zrI zAntisAgarasUrijI aura dvitIya ke saudharmabRhattapogacchIya zrI vijayarAjendrasUrIzvarajI haiM / prAcIna mUrtiyoM kI prApti: saba se prAcIna jisa mahAvIra mandira kA Upara ullekha kiyA gayA hai, usake pari. koSTa kA saMbhArakArya karAte samaya bAye ora kI jamIna khodane para do hAtha nIce saM0 1911 jyeSTha zu08 ke dina pAMca phuTa baDI sapheda pASANa kI akhaMDita zrIRSabhadeva bhagavAn kI eka pratimA aura utane hI baDe kAyotsargastha do biMba evaM tIna jinapratimAeM nikalI thIM / kAyotsargastha pratimAoM meM eka saMbhavanAtha aura eka dUsarI zAntinAtha bhagavAn kI haiM / inakI pratiSThA saM. 1143 vaizAkha zu0 2 guruvAra ke dina bRhadgacchIya zrI vijayasiMhasUrijIne kI hai / isI prakAra saMvat 1974 meM 'naharavA' nAmaka sthAna kI jamIna se 13 toraNa aura cAra dhAtumaya jinapratimAeM nikalI thIM / aba taka samayasamaya para koraTAjI kI AsapAsa kI janIna se choTI-baDI 50 pratimAe~ upalabdha huI haiM jo sabhI prAcIna aura sarvAgasundara haiN| ina ke pratiSThAkAra devasUrijI, zAntisUrijI aura ++ + sUrijI Adi AcArya haiN| koraTAvAsiyoM kA kahanA hai ki yadi dasa-vIsa hajAra kA kharca uThA kara yahAM kI jamIna kA khodakAma karAyA jAya to saiMkaDoM prAcIna jinapratimAe~ nikalane kI saMbhAvanA hai| nayA jaina mandira___ yaha mandira koraTAjI ke pUrva pakSa para ati vizAla, ramaNIya evaM zikharabaddha hai| 1 maMtriNA dRDhadharmaraGgaNa / 72 janavihArA nAhar3avasahi pramukhAH kAritAH koraMTAdiSu pratiSThitAH upadezataraMgiNI 5.103.
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________________ 596 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka -graMtha lalitakalA aura bhUmi se nirgata uparokta vizAla, prAcIna aura sarvAGgasundara zrI RSabhadevasvAmI kI pratimA do kAusagiyoM ke sahita virAjamAna haiM / isa vizAlakAya mandira kI pratiSThA aura isI utsava meM navIna tIna sau jinabimboM kI aMjanazalAkA saM. 1959 vaizAkha zu0 15 guruvAra ke dina zrImadvijaya rAjendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAjane kI hai| 1 rAjyaparivartana koTAjI jAgIra para prAcIna samaya meM kisa-kisa rAjA evaM sAmaMta, Thakkura kA adhikAra rahA ? vaha batalAnA ati kaThina hai / parantu prApta sAmagriyoM se jAna par3atA hai ki isa para bhInamAla ke rAjA raNahastI vatsarAja, jayantasiMha - udayasiMha aura cAcigadeva kA, candrAvatI aura AbU ke paramAra rAjAoM kA, aNahilavADa (pATaNa) ke cAvaDA aura solaMkiyoM kA, nADaula aura jAlora ke sonagarA cauhAnoM kA, sirohI ke lAkhAvata devaDA cauhAnoM kA, AMbera aura mevAr3a ke mahArANAoM kA kramazaH adhikAra rahA / saM. 1813 aura 1819 ke madhya meM udayapura mahArANA kI kRpA se pAMca gAMvoM ke sAtha koraTA jAgIra vAMkalI ke ThAkura rAmasiMha ko milI / goDavAr3a paraganA jaba jodhapura ke mahArAjA ko milA taba mahArAjA vijayasiMhajIne saM. 1831 jeTha kR0 11 ko ThAkura rAmasiMha ko koraTA, bAMbhaNerA, 3 poINA, 4 nAkhI, 5 pomAvA, 6 jAkoDA aura 7 vAgINa ina sAta gAMvoM kI jAgIra kI sanada karadI aura aba taka usIke vaMzajoM ke adhikAra meM rahI hai / korAjI tIrtha kA melA isa prAcInatama tIrtha kI samunnati ke liye kUNIpaTTI ke 27 gAMvoM ke jainoMne vidvAn munivaroM kI sammati mAna kara kArttika zu0 15 aura caitra zu0 15 ke do mele saM. 1970 se prAraMbha kiye jo Aja taka prativarSa bharate cale A rahe haiN| yAtriyoM ke ArAma ke liye eka vizAla dharmazAlA aura eka prAcIna upAsarA bhI hai| jainiyoM ke liye saMkSipta sUcanA yahAM tIna prAcIna aura eka navIna evaM cAra saudhazikharI jinamaMdira haiM / saba se prAcInatama zrImahAvIra prabhu kA mandira hai / yaha tIrthaM eranapurAroDa sTezana se 12 mAila pazcima meM hai / eraNapurAroDa se koraTAjI taka moTara, belagAr3I, TAMgA, UMTa Adi savAriyA~ milatI haiM / AbUrAja aura goDavAr3a kI paMcatIrthI kI yAtrA karanevAle yAtriyoM ko isa prAcInatama tIrtha kI yAtrA kA bhI lAbha avazya lenA cAhiye |
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________________ prAcIna zrI lakSmaNItIrtha, AlirAjapura (madhya - bhArata ) vartamAnAcArya zrImad vijayayatIndrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja dvArA prasiddhakRta evaM pratiSThita navanirmita maMdira vi. saM. 1994
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________________ tIrthakSetra zrIlakSmaNIjI lakSmaNItIrthoddhAraka vyA0 vA0 zrImadvijayayatIndrasUrIza-vineya muni jayaMtavijaya prAcIna lakSmaNI vikrama kI solahavIM zatAbdI ke jisa tIrtha kA hama yahA~ varNana karane cale haiM vaha lakSmaNI tIrtha hai / isa tIrtha kI prAcInatA kama se kama 2000 varSoM se bhI adhika pUrvakAla kI siddha hotI haiM, jise hama Age diye gaye pramANa-lekhoM se jAna skeNge| jaba mAMDavagar3ha yavanoM kA samarAGgaNa banA thA usa vakta isa bRhattIrtha para bhI yavanoMne hamalA kiyA aura mandirAdi tor3e, taba se hI isake dhvaMsa hone kA kArya prAraMbha ho gayA aura kramazaH vikramIya 19 vIM zatAbdi meM usakA kevala nAmamAtra hI astitva raha gayA, aura vaha bhI apabhraMza ' lakhamaNI' ho kara jahA~ para bhIla -bhilAloM ke 20-25 TApare hI dRSTipatha meM Ane lge| eka samaya eka bhilAlA kRSikAra ke kheta meM se sarvAGgasundara 11 jinapratimAe~ prApta huii| kucha dinoM ke vyatIta hone ke pazcAt 11 pratimAjI jahA~ se prApta huI thIM vahA~ se do-tIna hAtha kI dUrI para se do pratimAe~ aura nikliiN| eka pratibhAjI to pahale se hI nikale hue the. jinheM bhilAle loga apane iSTadeva mAnakara tela sindUra se pUjate the| bhUgarbha se ina nirgata 14 pratimAoM ke nAma va lekha isa prakAra haiMnaM. nAma UMcAI iMca naM. nAma UMcAI iMca zrIpadmaprabhasvAmI 8 zrIRSabhadevajI ... .... 13 2 zrIAdinAthajI .... .... 27 9 zrIsaMbhavanAthajI .... .... 10 // 3 zrImahAvIrasvAmIjI .... .... 32 10 zrIcandraprabhasvAmIjI .... 13 // 4 zrImallInAthajI .... 11 zrIanantanAthajI .... .... 5 zrInaminAthajI .... .... 26 12 zrIcaumukhajI .... .... 15 6 zrIRSabhadevajI .... .... 13 13 zrIabhinaMdanasvAmI (khaM.) .... 9 // 7 zrIajitanAthajI .... .... 27 14 zrImahAvIrasvAmIjI (khaM.).... 10 caramatIrthAdhipati zrImahAvIrasvAmIjI kI 32 iMca bar3I pratimA sarvAGgasundara zvetavarNa (75)
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________________ 598 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pretha lalitakalA aura vAlI hai| usake upara lekha nahIM hai, parantu usa para rahe cinhoM se jJAta hotA hai ki ye pratimAjI mahArAjA samrAT saMpati ke samaya meM pratiSThita huI hoNgii| zrIajitanAtha prabhu kI 15 iMca bar3I pratimA velU-retI kI banI huI darzanIya evaM prAcIna pratIta hotI hai| zrIpadmaprabhujI kI pratimA jo 37 iMca bar3I hai vaha bhI zvetavarNI paripUrNAga hai, usa para kA lekha manda par3a jAne se 'saM0 10 13 varSe vaizAkha sudi saptamyAM' kevala itanA hI par3hA jAtA hai / zrImallInAthajI evaM zyAma zrInaminAtha jI kI 26-26 iMca bar3I pratimAe~ bhI usI samaya kI pratiSThita hoM aisA AbhAsa hotA hai / isa lekha se ye tInoM pratimAe~ 1 hajAra varSa kI prAcIna haiN| zrIAdinAthajI 27 iMca aura RSabhadevasvAmI kI 13-13 iMcI badAmI varNa kI pratimAeM kama se kama 700 varSa kI prAcIna haiM evaM tInoM eka hI samaya kI pratIta hotI haiN| zrI AdinAthasvAmI kI pratimA para lekha isa prakAra hai " saMvat 1310 varSe mAghasudi 5 somadine prAgvATajJAtIya maMtrI gosala tasya ci. maMtrI A(lA)ligadeva, tasya putra gaMgadeva tasya patnI gAMgadevI, tasyAH putra maMtrI padama tasya bhAryA mAMgalyA pr0|" zeSa pASANa pratimAoM ke lekha bahuta hI aspaSTa ho gaye haiM; parantu unakI banAvaTa se jAna par3atA hai ki ye bhI paryApta prAcIna haiM / uparokta pratimAeM bhUgarbha se prApta hone ke bAda zrIpArzvanAthasvAmIjI kI eka choTI sI dhAtupratimA cAra aMgula pramANa kI nirgata huI, jisake pRSThabhAga para likhA hai ki " saMvat 1303 A0 zu0 4 lalita sA0" yaha bimba bhI 700 varSa kA prAcIna hai| vikrama saMvatsara 1427 ke mArgazIrSa mAsa meM ' jayAnaMda ' na mA jaina munirAja apane guruvarya ke sAtha nimAr3a pradeza sthita tIrthakSetroM kI yAtrArtha padhAreM. usa kI smRti meM unhoMne do chaMdoM meM vibhakta prAkRtamaya ' nemAr3a pravAsa gItikA ' banAI, una chaMdoM se bhI jAnA jA sakatA hai ki usa samaya nemAr3a pradeza kitanA samRddha thA aura lakSmaNI bhI kitanA vaibhavazIla thA ! mAMDava nagovarI sagasa yA, paMca tArAura varA, viMsa-iga siMgArI-tAraNa, naMdurI dvAdaza praa| hatthiNI saga lakhamaNI ura, ikka saya suha jiNaharA, bheTiyA aNuvajaNavae, muNi jayANaMda pavarA // 1 //
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________________ 522 tIrtha-maMdira tIrthakSetra zrIlakSmaNIjI / lakkhAtiya sahasa vipaNa saya, paNa sahassa saga sayA, saya igavisaM dusahasi sayala, dunni sahasa kaNaya mayA / gAma gAmi bhakti parAyaNa, dhammAdhamma sujANagA, muNi jayANaMda nirakkhiyA, sabala samaNovAsagA // 2 // maMDapAcala meM 700 jinamandira evaM tIna lAkha janoM ke ghara, tArApura meM 5 mandira 5000 zrAvakoM ke ghara, tAraNapura meM 21 maMdira 700 jainadharmAvalambIyoM ke ghara, nAndUrI meM 12 mandira 2100 zrAvakoM ke ghara, hastinIpattana meM 7 maMdira 2000 zrAvakoM ke ghara aura lakSmaNI meM 101 jinAlaya evaM 2000 jainadharmAnuyAyioM ke ghara dhana, dhAnya se saMpanna, dharma kA marma samajhanevAle evaM bhaktiparAyaNa dekheM, AtmA meM prasannatA huI / lakSmaNI, lakSmaNapura, lakSmaNIpura Adi isa tIrtha ke nAma haiM jo yahAM para astavyasta par3e pattharoM se jAnA jAtA hai| lakSmaNI kA punaruddhAra evaM prasiddhi pUrvalikhita patroM se vidita hai ki yahAM para bhilAle ke kheta meM se 14 pratimAeM bhUnirgata huI tathA AlirAjapuranarezane una pratimAoM ko tatrastha zrI jaina zvetAmbara saMgha ko arpita kI / zrIsaMgha kA vicAra thA ki ye pratimAjI AlirAjapura lAI jAveM, parantu nareza ke abhiprAya se vahIM maMdira baMdhavA kara mUrtiyoM ko sthApita karane kA vicAra kiyA, jisase usa sthAna kA aitihAsika mahattva prasiddhi meM Ave / ___ usa samaya zrImadupAdhyAyajI zrIyatIndravijayajI mahArAja (vartamAna AcAryazrI ) vahAM birAja rahe the / Apa ke sadupadeza se narezane lakSmaNI ke liye ( mandira, kuAM, bagIcA, kheta Adi ke nimitta ) pUrva-pazcima 511 phITa, uttara-dakSiNa 611 phITa bhUmi zrIsaMgha ko amUlya bheTa dI aura AjIvana paryaMta mandira kharca ke liye 71) rU0 prativarSa dete rahanA aura svIkRta kiyaa| ___mahArAjazrI kA sadupadeza, nareza kI prabhubhakti evaM zrIsaMgha kA utsAha-isa prakAra ke bhAvanA-triveNIsaMgama se kucha hI dinoM meM bhavya trizikharI prAsAda bana kara taiyAra ho gayA / AlirAjapura, kukSI, bAga, TAMDA Adi AsapAsa gAMvoM ke sadgRhasthoM ne bhI lakSmI kA sadvyaya kara ke vizAla dharmazAlA, upAzraya, oNphisa, kuAM, vAvar3I Adi banavAye evaM vahAM kI suMdaratA vizeSa vikasita karane ke liye eka bagIcA bhI banAyA gayA jisa meM gulAba, mogarA, camelI, Ama adi ke per3a lagAye gaye / jo eka samaya ajJAta tIrthasthala thA vaha punaH uddharita ho jAnatA meM prasiddha huaa|
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________________ 600 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka - graMtha lalitakalA aura miTTI ke TIloM ko khudavAne para bahuta aitihAsika cIjeM prApta huI haiN| prAcIna samaya ke vartana Adi bhI / bagIce ke nikaTavarttI kheta meM se 4-5 prAcIna mandiroM ke pabvAsana prApta hue / pratiSThAkArya - vartamAna AcArya zrImadvijayayatIndrasUrIzvarajI ne jo usa samaya upAdhyAyajI the vi0 saM0 1994 mArgazIrSa zuklA 10 ko aSTadinAvadhi aSTAnhikA mahotsava ke sAtha bar3e hI harSotsaha se zubhalagnAMza meM navanirmita maMdira kI pratiSThA kI / tIrthAdhipati zrI padmaprabhasvAmIjI gAdInazIna kiye gaye aura anya mUrtiyoM ko bhI yathAsthAna virAjamAna karadI giiN| pratiSThA ke dina narezane rU. 2001) bheMTa kiyA aura maMdira kI rakSA kA bhAra apane Upara liyA / sacamuca sara pratApasiMha nareza kI prabhubhakti evaM tIrthaprema sarAhanIya hai / pratiSThA ke samaya maMdira ke mukhya dvAra-gaMbhArA ke dAhinI ora eka zilAlekha saMgamaramara ke prastara para utkIrNa karavA kara lagAyA gayA jo nimna prakAra hai / zrIlakSmaNI tIrthapratiSThA - prazastiHtIrthAdhipazrIpadmaprabhasvAmijinezvarebhyo namaH | ---- zrIvikramIya nidhivanandendutame vatsare kArtikA'sitA'mAvAsyAyAM zanivAsare'tiprAcIne zrIlakSmaNI jaina mahAtIrthe bAlukirAtasya kSetrataH zrIpadmaprabhajinAditIrthezvarANAmanupama prabhAvazAli nyo'tisundaratamAzcaturdazapratimAH prAdurabhavan / tatpUjArthaM prativarSamekasaptatirUpyakasaMpradAnayutaM zrI jinAlayadharmazAlA''rAmAdinirmANArthaM zvetAmbara jaina zrIsaMghasyA''lirAjapurAdhipatinA rASTrakUTavaMzIyena ke. sI. AI. I. ityupAdhidhAriNA sara pratApasiMha bahAdura bhUpatinA pUrvapazcime 511 dakSiNottare 611 phUTparimitaM bhUmisamarpaNaM vyAdhAyi, tIrtharakSArthamekaM subhaTaM (pulisa) niyojitaJca / tatrA'lIrAjapura nivAsinA zvetAmbara jainasaMghena dharmazAlA rAmakUpa dvayasamanvitaM purAtamajinAlayasya jIrNoddhAra makArayat / pratiSThA cAsya vedanidhinandendutame vikramAdityavatsare mArgazIrSa - zukladazabhyAM candravAsare'tibalavattare zubhalagnanavAMze'STAnhikamahotsavaiH, sahA''lIrAjapurajainazrIsaMghenaiva sUrizakracakra tilakAyamAnAnAM zrIsaudharma bRhattapogacchAvataMsakAnAM vizvapUjyAnAmAbAlabrahmacAriNAM prabhuzrImadvijayarAjendrasUrIzvarANAmantevAsInAM vyAkhyAnavAcaspati mahopAdhyAya viruda dhAriNAM zrImad yatIndravijayamunipuGgavAnAM karakamalenA'kArayat // ~ car3atI par3atI ke kramAnusAra lakSmaNI punaH uddharita huA / isa tIrtha ke uddhAra kA saMpUrNa zreya yadi kisIko hai to vaha zrImadvijaya yatIndrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja ko hai /
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________________ tIrtha - maMdira vartamAna lakSmaNI yaha to anubhavasiddha bAta hai ki jahAM jaisI havA evaM jaisA khAnapAna va vAtAvaraNa hotA hai vahAM rahanevAle kA svAsthya bhI vaisA hI rahatA hai / Aja ke vaidya evaM DAkTaroM kA bhI abhiprAya hai ki jahAM kA havA pAnI evaM bAtAvaraNa zuddha hogA vahAM para rahanevAle vyakti praphullita raheMge / tIrthakSetra zrIlakSmaNIjI / 601 lakSmaNI, yadyapi pahAr3I para nahIM hai tathApi vahAM kI havA itanI madhura evaM suhAvanI lagatI hai ki vahAM se haTane kA dila hI nahIM hotaa| vahAM kA pAnI itanA pAcanazaktivAlA hai ki vahAM para rahanevAloM kA svAsthya atyaMta suMdara rahatA hai / isa samaya tIrtha kI sthiti bahuta acchI hai / darzanArtha Ane ke liye dAhoda sTezana se moTara dvArA AlIrAjapura AnA par3atA hai; vahAM para haraeka prakAra kI yAtriyoM ko suvidhA prApta hai | bailagAr3I athavA moTara dvArA AlIrAjapura se lakSmaNI jAnA par3atA hai | vahAM para munimajI rahate haiM / yAtriyoM ko rahane ke liye kamare, rasoI banAne ke liye bartana aura sone baiThane ke liye bichaune Adi kI suvidhAyeM pIDhI kI ora se dI jAtI hai / lakSmaNItIrtha kA uddhAra AcArya zrImadvijayatIndrasUrIzvarajI ke saMpUrNa prayatnoM se hI saMpanna huA aura yaha eka aitihAsika cIja bana gaI hai /
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________________ rAjasthAna ke jaina mandira ( jayapura reDiyo se pracArita) zrI pUrNacandra jaina vizva ke itihAsa meM bhArata kA bahuta UMcA va bar3A sthAna hai / vaha usakI prAcInatA se adhika vizva-mAnava ko usane jo bar3I dena dI usa kAraNa hai / abhI taka jise hama doaDhAI hajAra varSa kA itihAsasammata kAla mAnate the, mohanajodaDo va harappA kI khudAIne use pAMca-sAta hajAra varSa prAcIna to siddhakara diyA hai| eka lekhaka ke zabdoM meM aba hama bhI sumera, avakAda aura bebiloniyanoM ke mukAbale meM apane khaNDaharoM kI bujurgI se bhI apanA bar3appana pramANita kara sakate haiM / kahanA nahIM hogA ki bhAratIya saMskRti ke itihAsa meM usakI tIna jaina, vaidika aura bauddha dhArAoM kA hI bar3A bhAga hai tathA isa dRSTi se jainasaMskRti vizva ke itihAsa meM apanI vizeSatA rakhatI hai| mohanajodaDo meM jo mUrtiyAM milI unameM pleTa 12 se 15 tathA 18, 16 aura 22 ko dekhane se jAhira hotA hai ki ve jaina mUrtiyAM haiM, kyoM ki khar3I avasthA meM dhyAna magna mUrtiyAM jina ke bAhu AjAnu nIce laTakate huye hoM, palakeM isa prakAra jhukI huI hoM ki dRSTi kA kendra nAsikAgra bhAga para ho, yaha jaina mUrtiyoM kI takSaNazailI kI vizeSatA hai| yaha sAmagrI samagra bhAratIya ke sAtha jaina saMskRti ke itihAsa kI prAcInatA ko bhI siddha karatI hai| bhAratIya dharma aura saMskRti kI paraMparA meM zramaNasaMskRti kA apanI prAcInatA, apane viziSTa tatvajJAna tathA darzana aura apanI kalApriyatA tathA sAhityika asmitA, rASTrIya bhAvanA aura rASTra ke lie kI gaI sevAoM Adi ke kAraNa apanA mahatva kA aura gauravamaya sthAna hai| hiMsA, kAma Adi mAnavIya mAnasika va citta kI durbalatAoM para tapa, sAdhanA aura saMyama dvArA vijaya pAne ke siddhAMta para AdhArita jaina saMskRti kI bhAratIya saMskRti para bar3I chApa hai| isakA punarjIvana aura punarodaya pArzvanAtha aura mahAvIrasvAmI dvArA pUrvI bhArata meM magadha va bihAra meM huaa| lekina bAda meM isakA vikAsa kSetra mukhyataH pazcimI aura dakSiNa bhArata rhaa| musalamAna kAla meM aura usase pUrva bhI puSpa(pya)mitra jaise rAjAoM kI dharmAndhatA tathA zaMkarAcArya jaise vidvAnoM kI ekAMga dRSTi aura kaTTaratA ke kAraNa jainoM ko sthAnAntara karanA pdd'aa| jaina jahAM-jahAM aura jaba-jaba pahuMce vahAM-vahAM aura usa-usa samaya meM unhoMne apanI zilpa, sthApatya, citra, sAhityasRjana (76)
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________________ tIrtha-maMdira rAjasthAna ke jaina mandira / 603 Adi saMbaMdhI kalA-bhAvanA, dharmAcaraNa aura dharma-zraddhA bhAvanA tathA sevA aura tana, mana, dhana kI utsarga bhAvanA kA vizeSa ujjvala udAharaNa prastuta kiyA hai| gaharAI se dekheMge to bhAratIya zilpa, sthApatya, bhAratIya citrakalA, bhAratIya vAGmaya aura sAhitya meM jaina-vIroM aura karmavIroM kI bahuta bar3I dena rahI hai| aura jaina saMskRti kI zilsa, sthApatya, sAhitya Adi kI sAmagrI ke itihAsa se hI bhAratIya saMskRti kA eka zRMkhalAbaddha itihAsa bana sakatA hai| isa ora kama dRSTi gaI hai isa kAraNa bhI mArata kA itihAsa kramabaddha nahIM -sA mila rahA hai / pazcima bhArata meM vartamAna mAlavA pradeza, gujarAta aura rAjasthAna jainadharma aura saMskRti ke vistAra-vikAsa ke kSetra rahe haiM / siMdhu sauvIra, jisa meM Aja ke jaisalamera aura kaccha ke bhAga sAmila the usameM pratApI rAjA udAina ke jaina dharma svIkAra kara lene se apanI rAjadhAnI meM usake dvArA jaina mUrti kI sthApanA aura eka bAra mahAvIrasvAmI ke udhara ke vihAra kI bAta jo abhI itihAsakAroM meM vivAdAspada haiM, kintu virATanagara ke azokacakra ke zAsana-lekhoM se bhI prAcIna ajamera jile meM baDalI ke zilAlekha se yaha aba nirvivAda spaSTa hai ki IsA se pAMcavIM zatAbdI ke pUrva bhI pazcima bhArata meM jaina dharma kA pracAra ho cukA thA / lipi zAstrajJa baDalI ke usa lekha kI lipi ko azoka ke lekhoM kI lipi se bhI pUrva kI brAhmI lipi mAnate haiM aura vaha lekha mahAvIra saMvat se 84 varSa arthAt i0 pU0 527-84 = 443 kA saMketa detA hai| zrAvastI ( vartamAna ilAhAbAda ) ke pAsa taka mahAvIrasvAmI ke vihAra karate huye Ane kI bAta to itihAsa-sammata hai / para vahAM se Age pazcima bhArata meM Ane kI bAta abhI vivAdagrasta hai| phira bhI mathurA, hastinApura, Adi meM jaina dharma kA khUba pracAra ho gayA thA aura bar3A prabhAva thA / yaha vahAM milanevAlI mUrtiyoM, zilAlekha Adi se spaSTa hai| aura yaha saMbhava nahIM ki jo kSetra Aja rAjasthAna kahalAtA hai vaha mathurA ke itane sannikaTa hote huye usa prabhAva aura usa prasAra se achUtA rahA hI / phira bhI mAvIrasvAmI ke samaya se lagabhaga bAraha sau terahasau varSa bAda taka jainiyoM ke isa pradeza meM rahane-phailane ke pramANa chuTapuTa hI milate haiN| usake bAda ke arthAt navIM, gyAravIM zatAbdI ke pIche ke to zilAlekha, pratimAoM ke lekha Adi pracura parimANa meM milate haiN| rAjasthAna meM mukhyataH mAravAr3a, mevAr3a, mevAta, hADautI Adi kSetra haiN| mAravAr3a meM jodhapura va bIkAnera ke uttarI bhAga jAMgala pradeza Adi zAmila haiM jinakI rAjadhAnI kabhI ahichatrapura ( vartamAna nAgora ) thii| isI ke pAsa sapAdalakSa kSetra thaa| Aja kA jaisalamera, mADa, valla va bhavANI nAma se prasiddha thaa| mevAr3a ko medapATa tathA usake kucha hisse va zrImAla-bhinnamAla Adi ko prAgvATa kahate the| citaur3a yA citrakUTa ke AsapAsa kA kSetra
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________________ 604 bhIma vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-patha lalitakalA aura zivI kahalAtA thA, jisakI rAjadhAnI mAdhyamikA thii| alavara Adi kSetra mevAta meM the jisako uttarIya kuru bhI kahA jAtA thaa| prAgvATa ke kucha kSetra gujarAta meM bhI the aura eka taraha gujarAta va rAjasthAna bahuta kucha milejule the / uparyukta rANasthAna ke nirmANa meM bhI jaina saMskRti kA mahatvapUrNa hAtha thaa| zAsana aura rAjanaitika kSetroM ko dekheM, sAhitya ke kSetra ko dekheM athavA zilpa-sthApatya Adi kSetra ko to rAjasthAna ke sarvAMgINa vikAsa aura nirmANa meM jaina kSatriya zAsakoM, vaizya mahAmAtyoM, amAtyoM, maMtriyoM, daNDa-nAyakoM aura brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya Adi meM se jainadharma svIkAra kara dIkSA-saMskAra grahaNa karanevAle zramaNa, sAdhu, yati, sAdhvIvarga kA usa bAre meM bahuta ujjvala, gauravamaya hAtha rahA hai| AtatAyiyoM se saMgharSa karane meM, kalA aura sAhitya ke sRjana, saMrakSaNa aura protsAhana meM, akAla Adi se utpanna saMkaTakAla ke samaya tana-mana-dhana se rAhata va sevA kArya meM, kUTanItika aura rAjanaitika saMbaMdhoM ke banAne-bigAr3ane meM, isa prakAra samagra mAnavIya, sAmAjika va sAMskRtika jIvana meM jainiyoM kA hAtha rahA thaa| haribhadrasUri, ratnaprabhasUri, jinadattasUri, hemacandrAcArya, bappabhaTTasUri, saMprati, kumArapAla, vastupAla tejapAla, dharaNAzAha, Thakkara pherU, bhAmAzAha Adi isake jvalaMta udAharaNa haiM / jaina AcArya aura sAdhuoMne rAjAoM sahita samagra janatA ko dharmopadeza diyA thaa| kaI gacchapati aneka kSatriya vaMzoM ke kula-guru the aura zAsana ko janahitakArI va dharmaparAyaNa banAne meM inakA bar3A hAtha rahA thaa| tIrthoM aura mandiroM kI pratiSThApanA ke liye bhI yaha loga preraka zakti the / ___ anya dharmoM aura saMskRtiyoM kI bhAMti jaina dharma va saMskRti ke bhI aneka tIrtha aura mandira hI usake AdhArabhUta aura preraka pratIka haiN| rAjasthAna ke jaina mandira bhI jaina saMskRti ke utkarSa, prakarSa aura jaina dharmAnuyAyiyoM kI dharma-zraddhA, udAtta pavitra bhAvanA, dAnazIlatA, vaibhavazAlItA Adi ke pratIka haiM / ina mandiroM ke nirmANa meM dharma-guruoM va dharmAcAryoM kI preraNA to mukhya rahI hI hai, sAtha hI gRhastha yA zrAvaka kI saccI dharma-zraddhA-bhakti-bhAvanA, kalApriyatA kA bhI usameM bahuta bar3A sthAna hai / akAla yA aise avasaroM para pIr3ita janatA ko sahAyatA pahuMcAne kI bhAvanA bhI kabhI 2 rahI hogii| apane vaibhava va sattA ke pradarzana kI bhAvanA kA kitanA hAtha rahA yaha kahanA kaThina hai, kintu pichale pAMca-sAta zatAbdiyoM meM mUrtiyoM va mandiroM ke lekhoM meM jisa prakAra vyakti ke nAma, vaMza Adi kI prazasti ke Alekhana kA krama calA hai usase yaha InkAra sarvathA nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai ki vaibhava va sattA ke pradarzana kA lobha ina kalA-kRtiyoM ke nirmANa meM kArya nahIM kara rahA thaa| kalAkAra, jisakI mAtma-vismRti yA tallInatA, AMkha-hAtha-aMguliyAM Adi kI ekAgratA, tanmayatA aura
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________________ zrI rANakapura laghukaraNa trailokyadIpaka prAsAda, bhAMDAsara-bIkAnera. zrI nAhaTA saMgrahAlaya, bIkAnera. zrI sarasvatI kI bhAvabhRta pratimA, bIkAnera. zrI nAhaTA saMgrahAlaya, bIkAnera.
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________________ kA dhAgavAyAyanI pIpavanasAgara gIgAdevA yAtra Ima.TATomavATe garal jhavanevAlyA aavdn| jAnakamatarI HdtipbAbAnAmA lokAgomA moTavAmayA praviyattAjI90 deya jI punhA suvaTIlA divasa gata jIvADo vAtavyanAyikA sajAyone nakadama hAsanI asA rajotana jatI pAhara vAma vAjinIvara saha mahAtana kA vAlavArA bhAvAti aura Ajabaki tAra kara zrI zatruJjayAvatAra zrI RSabhadeva maMdira, bIkAnera, bhavya mU0 nA0 RSabhadeva pratimA. zrI nAhaTA saMgrahAlaya, bIkAnera. zrI upakezajJAtIya satI-smAraka, bIkAnera zrI nAhaTA saMgrahAlaya, bIkAnera.
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________________ 605 tIrtha-maMdira rAjasthAna ke jaina mandira / sAdhanAne dharma va saMskRti kI pratIka isa saundarya-sRSTi kA nirmANa kiyA usakI nAmAvalI yA vaMzAvalI kI prazasti kA abhAva yA usakA kahIM kahIM para prasaMgopAta ullekha mAtra bhI uparyukta bAta kI saMpuSTi karatA hai / lekina yaha bAta jaina mUrtiyoM, lekhoM, kalAsthAnoM para hI nahIM, anya kalA-kRtiyoM, sthApatya va zilpa ke gauravazAlI gine jAnevAle sthAnoM Adi ke saMbaMdha meM bhI lAgU hai / jaina dharma yA zramaNa-saMskRti kA aMtima lakSya mokSa hai aura usakI prApti ke liye sAde jIvana, kaThora tapazcaryA, dharmAcaraNa, saMyama-sAdhanA, mUrti-pUjA, bhaktiupAsanA aura mandira Adi kI zraddhA ke dvArA karma-kSaya kA hI mArga batAyA gayA hai| yaha jahAM eka ora deza meM cAroM tarapha phaile vaiSNava, zaiva, tAMtrika Adi kI bhakti va upAsanA paddhati ke prabhAva kA pariNAma hai vahAM dUsarI ora yaha bhI batalAtA hai ki jaina dharma aura saMskRti samAja ke prati udAsIna nahIM rahI hai / eka lekhaka ke zabdoM meM isI liye " mandira AdhyAtmika sthAna hote huye bhI kalAkAroMne apane mAnasika bhAvoM dvArA use aisA alaMkRta kiyA ki sAdhaka AMtarika saundarya kI upAsanA ke sAtha bAharI pRthvIgata saundarya naitika aura pArasparika antazcetanA jagAnevAle upakaraNoM ke dvArA vItarAgatva kI ora bar3ha ske|" phira bhI yaha vicAraNIya hai ki jaina mandiroM meM bhI jo ADambara, zRMgAra, camatkAra pradarzita karane va phala-parace dene kI pravRtti bar3ha rahI hai vaha jaina darzana aura dharma bhAvanA ke kitanI anukUla va kitanI pratikUla hai / astu / jo bhI ho rAjasthAna ke jaina mandira apanI utkRSTatama sthApatya, zilpakalA, vaibhava va samRddhipUrNa bhUmikA, zAnta va pavitra bhAvanAoM ko jagAnevAle apane antarvAhya vAtAvaraNa, graMthasAhitya Adi ke saMrakSaNa aura sAdhanA ke kendrasthAna hone ke kAraNa bhArata kI saMskRti ke itihAsa meM advitIya sthAna rakhate haiN| una mandiroM kI gaNanA karAnA to yahAM kaThina hai, para unake kucha saMkSipta ullekha kI jarUra AvazyakatA hai / ina mandiroM meM adhikAMza kyA, lagabhaga sabhI hI jagaha uttara bhArata meM pracalita rahI Arya yA nAgara zailI kI sthApatya va zilpakalA hai / kahIM-kahIM dakSiNa kI drAviDa zailI kA bhI mizraNa hai / kalA-pUrNa, vaDhiyA khudAI, kurAI aura jaDAI se alaMkRta toraNadvAra, zikhara, gumbaja, dhvaja, Adi kI vizeSatA bAhara se hI batalA sakatI hai ki yaha jaina mandira hai| mUlanAyaka kI mUrtiyAM adhikAMza baDhiyA sapheda patthara kI hai / kaI jagaha kAle, lAla va pIle patthara kI aura bAlukA kI bhI mUrtiyAM haiM aura sone, cAndI, tAmbe Adi dhAtuoM tathA hIrA, pannA, sphaTika Adi mUlyavAna patthara yA javAhirAtoM kI bhI choTI mUrtiyAM haiN| mUrtiyoM ke liye pItala, kAMsA, zIzA Adi va mizra dhAtueM ThIka nahIM mAnI jAtIM, para kaI mandiroM meM pItala kI bar3I-choTo mUrtiyAM bhArI
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________________ 606 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha lalitakalA aura saMkhyA meM haiM / mUrtiyAM adhikAMza padmAsanasthita haiM, lekina kaI jagaha arddha padmAsana aura khar3I kAyotsarga kI mudrA meM sthita mUrtiyAM bhI haiN| mandiroM ke andara ke vibhinna bhAga, dvAra-maMDapa, zRMgAra-caukI, gUDha-maMDapa, garbhagRha Adi atyadhika kalApUrNa aura bhAva-citrAdi se alaMkRta bane huye haiN| mUlavedI ke bAhara ke sabhAmaMDapa kI chata meM kahIM-kahIM to eka jIvita sAtvika saundaryasRSTi, puSpAvalI-vallarI Adi ke samUha aura vAdya-yaMtra dhAraNa kI huI tathA nRtya mudrA meM sthita puttalikAoM dvArA karadI gaI hai jise dekha kara isa deza ke hI nahIM, videza va dUra-dUra ke kalAvid bhI maMtramugdha raha jAte haiM / mUla mandiroM meM tIrthaMkaroM kI hI mUrtiyAM rahatI haiM, lekina bAhara aura prakoSTha meM ambikA, cakrezvarI, sarasvatI, kSetrapAla, bhairava va bhomiyoM kI mUrtiyAM mandira ke bAhara, bhItara sthApita kI jAne lagI aura pUjI jAne lgiiN| rANakapura Adi kucha eka mandiroM ke dvAra-stambhoM, zikhara-maMDapa Adi meM nagna strI-puruSoM kI mUrtiyAM yA takSaNa-kRtiyAM bhI haiM vaha bhI isa prabhAva kA pariNAma hI dIkhatA hai| isa prakAra kI kArIgarI kA kucha loga jIvana ke samagra darzana va citraNa kI dRSTi se aucitya mAnate haiM para yaha tarka samAjahita kI dRSTi se upayogI va ucita nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| jaina tIrthoM, mandiroM aura vizeSataH sthApatya va zilpakalA kI utkRSTatA kI dRSTi se tathA aitihAsika mahatva ko dekhate hue citrakUTa (citauDa ), jAvAlipura ( jAlora ), jaisalamera, nAgaura, rANakapura, arbudAcala (kuMbhAriyA, jIrAvalA sahita ), hastikuMDa ( haTUMDI), dhulevA ( kesariyAnAtha), caMvalezvara, varakANA, ghANerAva, piMDavADA, mahAvIrajI, sAMgAnera, Amera, ajamera Adi sthAna prasiddha haiN| AbU parvata para vikrama 1088 saMvatsara meM banavAyA huA vimalazAha kA 'vimalavasahI' prAsAda aura 1287 meM vastupAla tejapAla maMtrIzvara kI ora se zobhanadeva zilpI dvArA nirmita "luNigavasahI" prAsAda to jagat prasiddha haiN| prasiddha itihAsakAra jemsa TADa ne ina mandiroM ko dekhakara santa sAirAvyUja kI bhAMti kahA thA ki erAkA ( Eraka ) " maiM DhUMDhatA thA vaha milagayA / " rANakapura meM dharaNAzAha dvArA banavAyA gayA sahasra se Upara kalApUrNa stambhoM kI chaTAvAlA mandira bhI bhArata kI utkRSTa kalA kA eka namUnA hai / usI prakAra kuMbhAriyA ke mandira meM bhI zilpa ke utkRSTatama namUne haiN| itihAsajJa phArbasa ke kathana ke anusAra yahAM kisI samaya baDA nagara rahA thA jisameM 360 jaina mandira the, kintu nagara bhUkampa se naSTa ho gayA / abhI vahAM 5 jaina mandira haiM, jo AlIzAna aura aitihAsika haiM tathA AbU ke delavADA mandira jaisI diGmUDha karanevAlI vahAM kI sthApatya kalA hai| jodhapura ke pAsa maMDora para bhI eka hajAra varSa purAnA jaina mandira batAyA jAtA hai| jaina mandiroM meM aneka sthAnoM para unake sAtha hI grantha-bhaMDAra bhI haiM jinameM alabhya, ati
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________________ saM0 dharaNA dvArA vinirmita zrI nalinIgulmavimAna-trailokyadIpaka dharaNavihAra zrI rANakapuratIrtha nAmaka zilpakalAvatAra zrI caturmukha AdinAtha jinaprAsAda. vi. saM. 1498. prAgvATa itihAsa prakAzaka samiti, sTe. rANI ke saujanya se|
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________________ ananya zilpakalAvatAra zrI vastupAla-tejapAla nAmaka zrI lUNasiMhavasti, deulavAr3A - arbudAcala kA sabhAmaNDapa, nava caukiyA kA manohara dRzya. zrI prAgvATa - itihAsa pra0 samiti, sTe rANI ke saujanya se.
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________________ tIrtha-maMdira rAjasthAna ke jaina mandira / 607 prAcIna tAi-patrAdi ke va anya hastalikhita grantharatna saMgrahita haiM / jaisalamera kA jaina granthabhaMDAra to prasiddha hI hai, jo yavana AkramaNoM ke samaya surakSA kI dRSTi se pATana Adi sthAnoM se lAyA gayA thaa| aise granthabhaNDAra nAgaura, ajamera Adi jagahoM para aneka mandiroM meM haiM, jahAM grantha, citra, tAmrapatra, lekha Adi kAphI sAmagrI kisI samaya rakSA, upayoga, jJAnavRddhi Adi kI dRSTi se ekatrita kI gaI hogI, kintu Aja upekSA va pramAda ke kAraNa ara. kSita paDI haiM, aura kIDe-makoDe, cUhe dImaka dvArA jisake naSTa hone kI AzaMkA hai| susalamAnoM se rakSA ke liye kaI jagaha jaina mandiroM ke pAsa masjidoM kI mInAreM bhI khaDI kI gaI haiM / inheM dharmasamanvaya kI pratIka mAnanA to galata hogA, kintu ina se rakSA karane ke eka tarIke kI dUradarzitA to prakaTa hI hai| phira bhI kaI mandiroM, jaise citaur3a ke kIrtistambha Adi para jaina mUrtiyoM kA jagaha-jagaha aMga-bhaMga va khaNDana kiyA gayA hai| yaha durbhAgyapUrNa hai ki kucha baDe prasiddha jaina mandiroM ke liye jaina-sampradAyoM meM Apasa meM hI jhagaDe va tanAtanI hai aura kahIM-kahIM para jainetara logoMne bhI jaina mandiroM para apanA kabjA kara liyA hai aura apane yA sampradAya ke ArAdhya deva kI mUrti kI sthApanA kara use apanA mandira banA liyA hai / bhAratIya saMskRti, kalA aura dharma bhAvanA kI rakSA kI dRSTi se rAjasthAna ke jaina mandiroM kA bar3A aitihAsika tathA gauravamaya sthAna hai / jainiyoM para to inake saMrakSaNa aura ina saMbaMdhI prAmANika vistRta vivaraNa ke saMgraha kI duharI jimmevArI hai, lekina jainetara logoM para bhI isa alabhya nidhikI ora pUrA dhyAna dene kA uttaradAyitva hai|
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________________ mathurA kI jaina kalA zrI kRSNadatta vAjapeyI, ema. e., vidyAlaGkAra. adhyakSa, purAtatva saMgrahAlaya, mathurA mathurA meM lalita kalAoM ke vikAsa kA eka lambA itihAsa hai| bhArata kA prAcIna dhArmika kendra hone ke kAraNa mathurA meM IsvI san se kaI sau varSa pahale sthApatya aura mUrtikalA kA prAraMbha ho cukA thaa| isa nagara kI gaNanA bhArata ke pradhAna kalA-kendroM meM kI jAne lagI thI aura mathurA kI eka vizeSa kalA-zailI bana gayI thii| IrAna aura yUnAna kI saMskRtiyoM kA bhAratIya saMskRtiyoM ke sAtha jo samanvaya huA usakA mUrta rUpa hameM mathurA kI prAcIna kalA meM dikhalAI par3atA hai / zaka aura kuSANavaMzI rAjAoM ke zAsana-kAla meM mathurA kI mUrtikalA ko adhika vikasita hone kA avasara prApta huaa| isa samaya se jaina, bauddha tathA vaidika-bhArata ke ina tInoM pradhAna dharmoM ko yahAM ke sahiSNutApUrNa vAtAvaraNa meM sAtha-sAtha bar3hane kA acchA avasara milaa| yaha mathurA ke itihAsa meM eka bar3I mahatvapUrNa ghaTanA kahI jA sakatI hai / IsvI pUrva pahalI zatI se lekara guptakAla ke aMta taka ukta tInoM dhoM se saMbaMdhita kalAvazeSa mathurA meM bar3I saMkhyA meM upalabdha hue haiM / guptakAla ke bAda bhI mathurA meM mUrtikalA aura vastukalA kI unnati kaI zatAbdiyoM taka jArI rahI, yadyapi usameM pahale-jaisA sauSThava aura nijasva na rahA / dillIsastanata ke lagabhaga savA tInasau varSoM ke AdhipatyakAla meM isa kalAtmaka vikAsa meM gatirodha utpanna huaa| mugalakAla meM akabara ke samaya mathurA meM jo sAMskRtika punarutthAna huA usake phalasvarUpa sAhitya, saMgIta tathA citrakalA kA phira se uddhAra ho skaa| mathurA ke kaMkAlI TIlA se prApta eka mUrti kI caukI para khude hue dvitIya zatI ke eka lekha se patA calatA hai ki usa samaya se bahuta pUrva mathurA meM eka bahuta bar3e jaina stUpa kA nirmANa ho cukA thA / lekha meM usa stUpa kA nAma * devanirmita stUpa ' diyA hai| vartamAna kaMkAlI TIlA kI bhUmi para usa samaya se lekara lagabhaga 1100 IsvI taka jaina imAratoM aura mUrtiyoM kA nirmANa hotA rhaa| isa TIle kI khudAI se saiMkaDoM mahatvapUrNa jaina kalAkRtiyAM prApta ho cukI haiN| ___ mathurA-kalA meM jaina-mUrtiyoM ko tIna bhAgoM meM bA~TA jA sakatA hai 1-tIrthakara pratimAeM, 2-deviyoM kI mUrtiyAM tathA 3-AyAgapaTTa Adi kRtiyAM / (77)
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________________ HEAD OF A JAINA TIRTHANKARA AIR SHOWN BY A LINE ABOVE THE FORE HEAD smitabhAva meM tIrthakara-mUrti, samaya-300 I.. dhyAnamudrA meM sthita tIrthaMkara kI vizAla pratimA, jo mathurA ke zvetAmbara sampradAyavAloM ke dvArA vi. saM. 1038 (981 I0 ) meM pratiSThApita kI gaI thI. Provincial Museum, Lucknow SLELESOME vi. saM. 1826 meM sthApita tIrthaMkara kI abhilikhita mUrti.
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________________ R jainaAyAgapaTTa, jisa para bIcameM cakra tathA usake cAroM ora dikpAlikAyeM pradarzita haiM / kinAroM para aSTamAMgalika cihna utkIrNa hai. samaya-I0 pU0 pra0 zatI. Provincial Museum, Lucknow lavaNazobhikA nAmaka gaNikA kI putrI vasu dvArA pratiSThApita jaina AyAgapaTTa. jisa para prAcIna stUpakA citra banA hai. kaMkAlI TIlA, mathurAse. samaya-I0 pU0 pra0 zatI. Museum, Mathura
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________________ 609 tIrtha-maMdira mathurA kI jaina klaa| 1 tIrthaGkara mUrtiyAM-jaina devatA -- tIrthakara ' yA 'jina' kahalAte haiN| tIrthakkara saMkhyA meM cauvIza haiM / mathurA kalA meM AdinAtha, neminAtha, pArzvanAtha, mahAvIra Adi tIrthaharoM kI aneka mUrtiyAM milI haiM, jo prAyaH padmAsana meM baiThI haiN| kucha khar3I huI (khagAsana meM ) bhI milI haiN| aisI bhI kaI pratimAeM milI haiM jinameM cAroM dizAoM meM pratyeka ora eka-eka lIthAIra mUrti banI hai / aisI pratimAoM ko ' sarvatobhadrikA yA caumukhA-caturmukhA ' kahate haiM / mathurA saMgrahAlaya meM bI0 1, 67, bI0 68 tathA bI0 4 saMkhyaka sarvatobhadrikA pratimAeM vizeSa ullekhanIya haiN| 2 deviyoM kI mUrtiyAM-jaina deviyoM kI aneka mUrtiyAM milI haiM, jo adhikatara guptakAla tathA madhyakAla kI haiM / inameM neminAtha kI yakSiNI aMbikA (DI0 7) tathA RSabhadeva kI yakSiNI cakrezvarI kI mUrti ( DI0 6) darzanIya haiN| 3 anya kalAkRtiyAM-mathurA meM kaI kalApUrNa AyAgapaTTa mile haiN| AyAgapaTTa prAyaH vargAkAra zilApaTTa hote the, jo pUjA meM prayukta hote the| unake Upara tIrthakara, stUpa, svastika, naMdyAvarta Adi pUjanIya cihna utkIrNa kiye jAte the| mathurA saMgrahAlaya meM eka sundara AyAgapaTTa ( saM0 kyU0 2) hai, jise, usa para likhe hue lekha ke anusAra, lavaNazobhikA nAmaka vezyA kI lar3akI vasu ne dAna meM diyA thaa| isa AyAgapaTTa para eka vizAla stUpa kA citra tathA vedikAoM sahita toraNa dvAra banA huA hai / lakhanaU saMgrahAlaya meM mathurA AyAgapaTToM ke kaI sundara udAharaNa (saM0 je0 248, 249 Adi ) pradarzita haiM / AyAgapaTToM ke atirikta anya vividha zilApaTTa tathA vedikAstaMbha bhI mile haiM, jina para jaina dharma saMbaMdhI mUrtiyAM tathA cinha aMkita haiN| ina kalAkRtiyoM para devatA, yakSa-yakSI, puSpita latAvRkSa, mIna, makara, gaja, siMha, vRSabha, maMgalaghaTa, kIrtimukha Adi bar3e kalAtmaka DhaMga se utkIrNa milate haiN| vedikAstama-jaina stUpoM ke cAroM ora kalApUrNa vedikA banAI jAtI thI / vedikAstaMbhoM para aneka prakAra ke manoraMjaka dRzya ukere hue milate haiM / ina para muktAgrathita kezapAza, karNakuNDala, ekAvalI, gucchaka hAra, keyUra, kaTaka, mekhalA, nUpura Adi dhAraNa kiye hue striyoM ko vividha AkarSaka mudrAoM meM dikhAyA gayA hai / kahIM koI yuvatI udyAna meM phUla cuna rahI hai, koI kaMduka-krIr3A meM lama hai (je0 61), koI azoka vRkSa ko paira se tAr3ita kara use puSpita kara rahI hai (saM0 2325), yA nirjhara meM snAna kara rahI hai athavA snAnoparAnta tana Dhaka rahI hai (je01)| kisI ke hAtha meM vINA (je0 62) aura kisI
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________________ 610 bhImad vijayarAjendrapri-smAraka-paMtha lalitakalA aura ke vaMzI hai to koI pramadA nRtya meM tallIna hai| koI sundarI snAnAgAra se nikalatI huI apane bAla nicor3a rahI hai aura nIce haMsa una pAnI kI bUMdoM ko motI samajha kara apanI coMca khole khar3A hai (1509) / kisI stambha ( je0 5) para veNI-prasAdhana kA dRzya hai aura kisI para saMgItotsava kA ( 151 ) / isa prakAra lokajIvana ke kitane hI dRzya ina stambhoM para citrita haiN| kucha para bhagavAna buddha ke pUrvajanmoM se saMbaMdhita vibhinna jAtakakahAniyoM ke (saM0 je04 kA pRSThabhAga ) aura kucha para mahAbhArata Adi ke ( naM0 151 ) dRzya bhI haiN| inake atirikta aneka prakAra ke pazupakSI, latA-phUla Adi bhI ina staMbhoM para utkIrNa kiye gaye haiM / ina vedikAstambhoM ko zRMgAra aura saundarya ke jIte-jAgate rUpa kahane cAhie jina para kalAkAroMne prakRti tathA mAnava jagat kI saundarya rAzi upasthita kara dI hai / yakSAdikA citraNa-mathurA kI jaina kalA meM yakSa, kinnara, gaMdharva, suparNa tathA apsarAoMkI aneka mUrtiyAM milatI haiN| ye sukhasamRddhi tathA vilAsa ke pratinidhi haiM / saMgIta aura nRtya inake priya viSaya haiM / yakSoM kI pratimAeM mathurA-kalA meM sabase adhika milI haiN| inameM sabase mahatvapUrNa parakhama nAmaka gAMva se prApta tRtIya za0 I0 pUrva kI vizAlakAya yakSamUrti (sI0 1) hai / aisI eka dUsarI bar3I mUrti mathurA ke bar3audA gAMva se prApta huI hai / ye mUrtiyAM cAroM ora korakara banAI gaI haiM, jisase unakA darzana cAre ora se ho ske| kuSANakAla meM aisI hI mUrtiyoM ke samAna vizAlakAya bodhisatva pratimAeM nirmita kI gii| ___yakSomeM kubera tathA unakI strI hArItI kA sthAna bar3e mahatva kA hai / inakI aneka mUrtiyAM mathurA meM prApta huI haiM / kubera yakSoM ke adhipati tathA dhana ke devatA mAne gaye haiN| bauddha tathA hiMdU-ina donoM dharmoM meM inakA pUjana milatA hai / kubera jIvana ke AnaMdamaya rUpa ke dyotaka haiM aura isIrUpa meM inakI adhikAMza mUrtiyAM milI haiN| zAlabhaJjikA-prAcIna bhArata meM prakRti ke sAtha mAnava-jIvana kA ghaniSTha saMbaMdha thaa| sAhitya meM hI nahIM, kalA meM bhI latA-vRkSoM, pazu-pakSiyoM, nadI-sarovaroM Adi ke sAtha loka-jIvana kA gaharA saMbaMdha milatA hai / isa prakRti-saMbaMdhane aneka utsavoM ko janma diyA, jinameM eka 'zAlamaJjikA ' kA utsava thaa| isa utsava ke lie mukhyataH lAla phUlavAle azoka ( raktAzoka ) ko cunA gyaa| utsava ke dina navor3hA yA anya yuvatI, jisake paira AlatA se raMge hue tathA AbhUSaNoM se sajjita hote, azoka vRkSa ke pAsa jAtI thI / vaha eka hAtha se vRkSa kI DAla thAmatI aura phira paira kA mRdu AghAta vRkSa para karatI thii| isa utsava ko 'azokadohada ' yA * azokosikA ' kahate the| yaha usa ' kavi-samaya' kA nyaJjaka hai jisake anusAra yuvatI ke caraNAbhighAta se azoka kA per3a puSpita ho jAtA hai|
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________________ jaina vedikAstaMbha, jisa para vRkSa ke phUla ikaTThe karatI huI strI citrita hai. samaya-I0 pra0 zatI, jaina vedikAstabha kA Tukar3A, jisa para azoka vRkSa kI DAla pakar3e huye eka strI atyanta AkarSaka mudrA meM aMkita hai. samaya-I0 dvi0 zatI. alaMkRta zirobhUSA sahita strI-sira. samaya-I0 dvi0 zatI.
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________________ HEAD DRESSES OF MEN IN KUSHANA AGE A.D.1-A.D. 300. kuSANa kAlIna puraSoM kI pgdd'ii| 1-300 I.sa COIFFEURS OF WOMEN IN KUSHANA ACE. A.D.I-A.D. 300. kuSANA kAlIna striyoM ke keshvinyaas| KT242. G-21. CoundinADDREN MEDY CanduSSADARMA mathurA kI jaina kalAmeM puruSoM kI zirobhUSA kuSANa kAla mathurA kI jaina kalAmeM striyoM ke kezavinyAsa. kuSANa kAla
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________________ tIrtha-maMdira mathurA kI jaina kalA / prAcIna kaviyoMne manoraMjaka DhaMgoM se isa utsava kA varNana kiyA hai / utsava ke alAvA usameM bhAga lenevAlI strI ko bhI zAlabhaJjikA' kahate the| udyAnoM ke atirikta maMdiroM aura stUpoM meM tathA rAjA-raIsoM ke gharoM meM zRGgAra aura alaMkaraNa ke rUpa meM zAlabhaJjikA-pratimAoM kA nirmANa hone lgaa| mathurA kI zAlamaJjikA mUrtiyAM kalA kI amara kRtiyAM haiN| inameM azoka, caMpaka, nAgakesara, kadaMba Adi vRkSoM ke sahAre khar3I huI sannatAMgI ramaNiyoM ke aMga-vinyAsoM kA manohara citraNa milatA hai / granthoM meM bhI zAlabhaJjikA mUrtikalA saMbaMdhI ullekha milate haiM / jaina graMtha ' rAyapaseNiya sUtra ' meM vimAna ke alaMkArika varNana ke prasaMga meM aneka sthaloM para zAlabhaJjikA mUrtiyoM kA ullekha AyA hai, jo bar3e kalAtmaka DhaMga kI nirmita thiiN| saMgIta tathA anya dRzya-kuSANakAla meM gIta, vAdya aura nRtya kI vyApakatA kA patA hameM sAhityika granthoM ke alAvA mathurA ke kucha vedikA-staMbhoM se bhI calatA hai / strIpuruSa sabhI saMgIta meM bhAga lete the| kaI khambhoM para vividha AbhUSaNoM se alaMkRta nartakiyAM dikhAyI gayI haiM / kucha para vaMzI-vINA Adi bajAne ke tathA saMgIta-yAtrotsavoM ke citraNa haiN| ___ mathurA kI jaina kalAkRtiyoM para loka-jIvana saMbaMdhI anya aneka viSaya bhI prApta hote haiM / inheM dekhane se kuSANakAlIna dhArmika, sAmAjika evaM Arthika sthiti ke saMbaMdha meM aneka bAtoM kI jAnakArI hotI hai / eka khambhe para braja kI eka yuvatI apane vizeSa pahanAve ke sAtha dikhAyI gayI hai / vaha sira para eka bhAMDa liye huI hai / saMbhavataH yaha dahI becanevAlI gopa-vadhU kI mUrti hai| kucha khambhoM para hAtha meM talavAra liye hue naTiyoM ke citraNa milate haiN| eka khambhe para IrAnI veSa-bhUSA meM eka strI dikhAyI gayI hai, jo hAtha meM eka dIpaka lie hue hai| prAcIna ranivAsoM meM videzI paricArikAoM ke rahane ke pramANa milate haiM / inameM aMga-rakSikA yavaniyAM ( yUnAna kI striyAM) bhI hotI thIM / mathurA ke eka khambhe para zastra-dhAriNI kI eka aisI mUrti milI hai, jisakI pahicAna sazastrA yavanI se kI gayI hai /
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________________ jainasthApatya aura zilpa athavA lalitakalA daulatasiMha lor3hA 'araviMda ' bI. e. sarasvatIvihAra, bhIlavAr3A saMsAra ke pratyeka deza, prAnta aura kahIM 2 upaprAnta meM bhI ekavidha sthApatya-kalA thor3e 2 antara se pAyI jAtI hai, jo ati dUra jA kara do sudUra dezoM meM ekadama bhinna pratIta hotI hai| paraspara prabhAva kA tAdAtmya rahane para bhI sthApatya-kalA ke aMgoM kI racanA taddezIya athavA tadbhUbhAga ke bhUgola aura jalavAyu ke Azrita DhalatI hai / jvAlAmukhIpradhAna, sikatApradhAna, parvatapradhAna aura samatalapradhAna tathA samudrataToM ke kinAre usake darzana bhinna 2 AkRtiyoM meM hI hote haiN| yaha bAta to moTe rUpa se sthApatya kI rahI / sthApatya meM jo sUkSmara karakalA kA mizraNa athavA yoga yA saMga huA hai vaha dharma-bhAvanAoM ke Azrita hI samajhanA caahie| bhArata eka vizAla deza hai aura yaha kaI mata athavA dharmAnuyAyI jJAtiyoM kA nivAsa hai| bar3e rUpa meM isa itihAsa kAla meM yaha jaina, bauddha aura vaidika dharmAnuyAyiyoM kA vAsa rahA hai| vikrama kI 11 vIM-12 vIM zatAbdI meM isake nivAsiyoM meM yavana jJAtiyAM bhI saMmilita ho gaI haiM / bhArata kA sthApatya araba, cIna, rUsa Adi pradezoM se to bhinna hai hii| vaha bhArata kI bhUgoLa aura bhArata ke jalavAyu ke Azrita ho kara samasta bhArata bhara meM to ekasA hI mUrtita honA cAhie thA; parantu vaha dharmAzrita ho rUpa aura AkAra meM kaI prakAra kA milatA hai| vaise samasta bhArata dharma-pradhAna deza rahA hai aura moTe rUpa se ahiMsA-pradhAna / jainetara jJAtiyoM meM kaI varga mAMsAhArI bhI hai| parantu inake dharma aura mata to mAMsa-bhakSaNa aura madirA-pAna kA jainadharma ke samAna hI khaNDana karanevAle rahe haiM; ataH jaisA bhAratavAsiyoM kA rahana-sahana paraspara prabhAvita rahA hai vaisA hI sthApatya bhI paraspara prabhAvita rahA hai / eka deza ke sthApatya meM jo bhUmi aura jalavAyu ke Azrita raha kara thor3A-antara ghaTatA calatA hai; vaha to itanA sUkSma aura alpa hotA haiM ki koI bar3e se bar3A hI sthApatya-vidvAn usako samajha sakatA hai; parantu jahAM karakalA arthAt zilpa kA prAdhAnya hotA hai vahAM turaMta hI kahA jA sakatA hai ki amuka maMdira, dharmasthAna jaina, bauddha, hindU athavA musalamAna hai / bhArata meM sthApatya kI dRSTi se bhAratavAsiyoM ke prAcIna ghara aura bhavanoM kA adhyayana bhI eka vizeSa AnaMdadAyI viSaya hai, jisase yahA~ kA rahana-sahana, khAna-pAna, garIbI-amIrI, varNa-bhedoM ke itihAsoM ko jAnane meM (78)
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________________ mA SEEKELI hammIrapura : mahAmaMtrI sAmaMta dvArA jIrNoddhArakRta jinaprAsAda kA uttama zilpakalAmaNDita bahira-AMtara dRzya / vi. saM. 821. prAgvATa itihAsa prakAzaka samiti, sTe0 rANI ke saujanya se /
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________________ tIrtha maMdira jainasthApatya aura zilpa athavA lalitakalA / bar3I madada mila sakatI hai / mohana-joDorA kI khudAI se bhArata ke itihAsa para kitanA gaharA prakAza par3A hai, vaha kisI se ajJAta nahIM hai| jJAta vastuoM ke AdhAra para ajJAta vastuoM kI kalpanA hotI hai aura anumAna bAMdhe jAte haiM jo bahuta kucha saccAI ke nikaTa hI hote haiM / elorA aura elIphenTA, khajurAho aura sAMcI, bhuvanezvara aura ajantA ke itihAsa hamAre bhArata ke zilpavaibhava aura citrakalA ke hI to itihAsa haiM / parantu inane jo bhArata ke prAcIna itihAsa ke vividha aMgoM ko bhI samajhane meM jo sahAya dI hai vaha bhI kama mahattva kI nahIM hai / ina zilpa ke namUnoM meM pIche se kutubamInAra aura tAjamahala bhI sammilita kara liye gaye haiN| bhArata ke itihAsa meM ina saba para acchA likhA gayA hai / jainadharma aura jaina samAja bhArata ke dharmoM meM aura bhArata kI anya samAjoM meM vismaraNa kI vastu hI rahI prAyaH mAlama hotI hai athavA isake prati vidvAnoM kA samadarzI aura asAmpradAyika bhAva rahA huA nahIM pratIta hotA hai| jaina dharma jaina sAhitya meM pratiSThita hai jo prAkRta aura ardhamAgadhI meM apanI vipulatA, vizAlatA evaM vividha mukhatA ke liye duniyA bhara meM prasiddha hai aura vaha prAcIna hindI tathA madhyakAlIna hindI meM bhI itanA hI sRjita milatA hai / isa hI prakAra jaina samAja kI dharma-bhAvanAoM ke darzana, unake vaibhava kA paricaya, usakA citrakalA-prema evaM lalitakalApriyatA usake prAcIna maMdiroM meM dRSTigocara hote haiM / bhAratIya zilpa ke vikAsa ke itihAsa para vidvAnoMne bar3e 2 pothe race haiM aura yavana-zailI, yona-zailI aura hindU-zailiyoM se vicAra karake usake kaI bheda aura upabhedoM kI kalpanA kI hai / parantu jaba hama prAcIna jaina mUrtiyAM aura maMdiroM kI banAvaTa aura unameM avatarita bhAva aura TAMkI ke zilpa ko dekhate haiM to yaha vicAra utpanna hotA hai ki lalitakalA ke vikAsa ke itihAsa para likhanevAle vidvAnoM kI dRSTi meM kalA ke adbhuta namUne ye jaina mUrti aura maMdira kyoM nahIM aaye| udayagiri aura khaNDagiri kI jaina guphAyeM, khajurAo, tIrthAdhirAja zatruJjaya, giranAratIrtha ke maMdira, zilpakalA ke ananya avatAra abUMdastha deulavADA ke jinAlaya, hamIrapuratIrtha, kummAriyA, zrIrANakapuratIrtha kA 1444 staMbhoMvAlA vizAla-kAya adbhuta jinAlaya, lodravA maMdira inako jinane dekhA ve daMga raha gaye, parantu ve kutubamInAra aura tAjamahala ke Age athavA sAtha bhI varNya nahIM samajhe gye| bhArata kI sthApatya-kalA aura zilpa-kalA kA graMtha taba taka pUrNa aura sarvasammAnya nahIM ho sakegA, jaba taka ki ukta jaina maMdira isameM prakaraNa nahIM prApta kara skeNge| zatruJjayaparvata para zatruJjayatIrtha avasthita hai / zatruJjaya tIrtha meM 9 (nava ) DhUMka arthAt nava vizAla aura muvistRta durga haiN| ina DhUMkoM meM choTe-bar3e lagabhaga tIna sahasa se Upara
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________________ 614 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha lalitakalA aura jinAlaya aura lagabhaga paccIsa sahasra se upara jinapratimAyeM haiN| eka hI parvata para itane maMdira aura itane biMba aura ve bhI ati darzanIya, vaibhavapUrNa, zilpa kI dRSTi se mahatvazAlI aura sthApatya kI dRSTi se uttama koTi ke saMbhavataH duniyA ke kisI bhI bhUbhAga ke dharma-kSetra meM to upalabdhya nahIM haiM / giranAra parvatastha jaina tIrtha meM bhI choTe-bar3e saiMkar3oM maMdira aura sahasroM pratimAyeM haiM / samrAT kumArapAla, mahAmaMtrI vastupAla - tejapAla aura saMgrAmasonI kI TraMka zilpa kI dRSTi se atyanta hI darzanIya aura varNanIya haiM / arbudAcalagiristha deulavAr3A grAma meM vinirmita daNDanAyaka vimala kA AdinAthajinAlaya, mahAmAtya vastupAla - tejapAla kA lUNavasahi nAma kA neminAtha - jinAlaya, bhImAzAha kI picara sahi Adi adbhuta evaM bejoDa zilpa- namUne haiM; jina para likhate hI cale jAo, jina ko dekhate hI rho| hama thaka jAyeMge; parantu saundarya aura viSayarUpa se ve kabhI samApta nahIM hoNge| isI arbudagiri para acalagar3ha meM jo sahasAdvArA vinirmita AdinAtha - jinAlaya hai usameM paMcadhAtu kI 14 jinapratimAoM kA bajana lagabhaga 1444 maNa honA kahA jAtA hai| ve pratimAyeM mUrtikalA kI dRSTi se amUlya namUne haiM aura bhArata mUrtikalA ke jvalanta udAharaNa haiM / hamIrapura tIrtha aura kumbhAriyA tIrthastha pAMca jinAlayoM ke zilpa arbudastha jinAlayoM ke zilpakAma ke samAna hI bahumUlya aura uttama koTi kA hai / zrI rANakapura tIrtha - zrIdharaNavihAra caturmukhA - AdinAtha jinAlaya apane 1444 staMbhoM ke liye aura sthApatya kI dRSTi se duniyAbhara meM vaha apane rUpase apane meM hI eka hai / lodravA - jaisalamera - lodravA kA zrI pArzvanAtha maMdira evaM jaisalamera kA zrI pArzvanAtha maMdira zilpa aura sthApatya meM kitanA AkarSaka sthAna rakhate haiM, yaha kisa zilpavettA se ajJAta hai ? jaisalamera kI paTavA havelI kA zilpa kAma dekha kara kauna mugdha nahIM hotA hai ! gvAliyara kI pratimAyeM aura dakSiNa bhArata meM golabelakarastha bAhubalI - pratimA apanI UMcAI aura vizAlakAyapana ke liye samasta bhAratabhara meM hI nahIM, kI vastueM haiN| bhArata ke zilpa ke jvalanta namUnoM meM ye jaina gaye eka ajaba mUrkhatA kI bAta hai / * saMsAra meM adbhuta aura Azcarya maMdira kyoM nahIM svIkAra kiye * arbuda, rANakapura, kuMbhAriyA, acalagar3ha, hamIragar3ha aura giranAra tIrtha ke kalAtmaka maMdiroM kA vistRta paricaya mere likhe huye prAgvATa - itihAsa meM dekhiye jo vi. saM. 2007 meM prAgvATa - itihAsa prakAzaka samiti, sTe' rANI dvArA kalAsaMbaMdhI citroM ke sAtha prakAzita huA hai /
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________________ HOTORAN PRIMES T RIKA MMENTMENERA Paintinusdasiesthinkin SGOROSCE - RAJPUROHERAPRARTSm90FDMRATHIRS BADream CREATE10009000000aminamucumuneen mrutu arbudAcalastha zilpakalAvatAra lUNasiMhavasati kA adbhuta raGgamaNDapa. vi. saM. 1287 prAgvATa itihAsa prakAzaka samiti, sTe. rANI ke saujanya se|
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________________ sarvAga sundaraananyazilpakalAvatAra kA arbudAcala sthazrIvimalavasati delavAr3A pacchima LAAAAAA dakSiNa | U uuuuuuuuuuuuVV AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA : : maanaananlon : dhanadhAnalalocakAya hastisAlA devakuli kAnoM kI mamanAsiMhadvAra dakSiNapanasa prAraMbhahotI hai| sAMkenikaciha- IA devakuni kAmoM ke Upara zisbaratoraNa kama kAraNAdAra devakulikAya vevakuni kAkimayakAmadhAraNa 0 guMgajacitra ke upara) muncara " " * ani sundara stama devakulikAkIdvArazAsvA - divAra * mAdhAraNa staMbha sAdhAraNa TRACED DRAWNB sarva aGga sampUrNa jinaprAsAda. vi. saM. 1088. prAgvATa itihAsa prakAzaka samiti, sTe0 rANI ke saujanya se /
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________________ tIrtha-maMdira jainasthApatya aura zilpa athavA llitklaa| jaina maMdiroM meM jainetara dharma bhI surakSita haiN| jaise hindU paurANika kathAoM ke kaI citra prAyaH jaina maMdiroM kI chatoM meM, maNDapoM meM, stambhoM para, bhittiyoM para utkIrNita pAye jAte haiM aura ve bhI pUrNa vaibhava aura pUrNatA ke sAtha, jitanA kuzala zilpI kI TAMkI unako citrita aura utkIrNita kara sakI, utane / jaina maMdiroM kA nirmANa adhikatara durbhikSa aura viSama sthitiyoM meM hI inake dayAla nirmAtAoMne anahIna janatA kI sevA karane kI bhAvanAoM se hI prerita ho kara karavAyA hai aura usa annahIna janatA kA samUcA bhAga jainetara hI rahA hai| dharmadRSTi se tIrthoM kA kitanA bar3A mahatva hai, usa para yahAM kahanA merA viSaya nahIM hai; ataH usa dRSTi se yahAM kucha bhI nahIM kaha rahA huuN| jaina maMdiroM kI racanA jainetara maMdiroM se milatI huI ho kara bhI bhinna hai| eka pUrNa jaina maMdira meM itane aMga hote haiM:-sIr3hiyAM, zRGgAra-caukI, parikoSTha, siMhadvAra, pratolI, bhramatI sabhAmaNDapa, nava caukiyA, khelA-maNDapa, nijamaMdira-pratolI, nijamaMdira dvAra, mUla gaMbhArA aura mUla gaMbhArA meM vedikaa| adhikatara jinAlaya sAdhAraNa jamIna se kucha UMcAI taka catuSka banAkara usa para banAyA jAtA hai| kahIM pratolI meM AjU-bAjU koTariyAM banI huI hotI hai-jaise zrI rANakapuratIrtha aura zatruJjayatIrtha ke kaI maMdiroM meM vidyamAna haiM / ina koTariyoM meM prAyaH khaNDita pratimAyeM athavA navabiMba jinakI sthApanA honA zeSa hotA hai rakkhI jAtI haiN| pratolI se phira sIr3hiyAM car3hakara eka cabUtarA (catuSka) AtA hai| pratolI ke upara kahIM-kahIM mahAlaya banA huA hotA hai jo zRGgAra-caukI ke upara bane huye gumbaja se milA huA bar3A hI darzanIya pratIta hotA hai| jahAM jinAlaya bAvana athavA cauvIsa kulikAoMvALA huA vahAM pratolI se hI parikoSTha kA prArambha ho jAtA hai, jisa meM mULa maMdira ko ghera kara catuSka ke cAroM pakSoM para kulikAoM kI racanA hotI hai| kulikAoM ke Age stambhavatI varazAlA hotI hai, jahAM caityavaMdana Adi kriyAyeM kI jAtI haiN| varazAlA ke nIce pramatI aura bhramatI meM cAroM koNa para kahIM 2 koNa kulikAeM banI huI hotI haiM / bhramatI se phira sabhAmaNDapa aura isase do-Der3ha phiTakI UMcAI para nava caukiyA banA huA hotA hai| sabhAmaNDapa ATha, bAraha yA solaha stambhoM para banAyA jAtA hai| bRhad AyojanavAlI maNDaliyAM yahIM abhinaya evaM nRtyakautuka karatI haiN| staMbhoM para, upara maNDapa ke bhItara kalAkAma bar3A hI darzanIya aura dharmakathAoMkA bhAva-aMkana rUpa hotA hai| nava caukiyA vaise hI nava maNDapavAlA hI hotA hai, parantu kahIM 2 nava se kama maNDapa bhI hote haiM aura kahIM maNDapoM kI jagaha chata bhI banI huI hotI hai| nava caukiyA kahIM cokora aura kahIM SaTkoNa yA aSTakoNa bhI hotA hai / navacaukiyA
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________________ zrImat vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha lalitakalA aura aura khelAmaNDapa meM darzaka stavanA aura prabhugAna karate haiN| mUlagaMbhArA meM vedikA para pramupratimA pratiSThita hotI haiN| jainamaMdiroM meM prAyaH talagRha jinheM dezI bhASA meM bhoyarA kahA jAtA hai eka, do aura kahIM adhika bhI bane huye hote haiN| sthApatya kI dRSTi se jaina maMdira sarvAMgapUrNa hote haiM isa meM aspatama bhI matavaibhinya nahIM / zilpa kI dRSTi se bhI jaina maMdira kama mahattva ke nahIM hai, yaha bhI darzakagaNa jAnate hI haiN| ___ sImita nibaMdha meM atirikta jaina-zilpa ke prati saMketa mAtra karane ke aura vistRta diyA bhI kyA jA sakatA hai| eka samaya thA jaba ki jaina-jJAna bhaNDAroM ke samAna hI adbhuta zilpa ke namUne svarUpa jaina maMdira bhI jainetara darzakoM ko AkarSita nahIM kara rahe the; parantu aba to jainetara vidvAn , kalAvizeSajJa jaina maMdira aura una meM rahe huye zilpa-vaibhava ko acchI prakAra dekha aura samajha cuke haiM / pAzcAtya yUropiyana yAtrI evaM vidvAnoMne bhI jaina maMdiroM kI zilpa-kalA para atyanta hI mugdha ho kara likhA hai| AzA hai bhAratIya zilpa ke namUne kahe jAnevAle darzanIya sthAnoM meM aura unake itihAsa meM ye bhI darzanayogya evaM varNya samajhe jaaveNge|
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________________ EAMING zrI nAhaTA - saMgrahAlaya, bIkAnera. vijJaptipatra. vi. 19 vIM zatI. sacitra puTThA. vi. 18 vIM zatI. zrI nAhaTA saMgrahAlaya, bIkAnera. IQL
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________________ hindI bhASA ke kramika vikAsa para hindI-sAhitya ke bar3e 2 vidvAn apane kaI varSoM ke niraMtara adhyayana se bar3e 2 itihAsa likha cuke haiM parantu phira bhI ve apUrNa haiM, I / apana haiM aisA hama saba ko bhAsa hotA hai apUrNa pUrNa kiyA jA sakatA hai, apana sAMga banAyA jA sakatA hai; parantu yahAM aba - aba dUsarI vika latA yaha khalane lagI hai ki hindI bhASA ke kramika vikAsa kI zodha hI mUlataH sahI sthAna se prAraMbha hI nahIM huI / sahI dikSA meM Age usakA nirvAha bhI nahIM rahA hai| spaSTa yaha hai ki hindI kA abhI taka sarvamAnya kahA jAya, adhikAMzataH prAmANika tathyoM para jisa kI racanA kI gaI ho, sahI dizAoM meM se jisako ghUmA kara bar3hAyA ho aisA itihAsa likhA hI nahIM jA sakA hai| aba taka jo kucha isa dizA meM prayatna hue haiM ve phira bhI sAdhana-sAmagrI kA acchA kAma de sakate haiM aura yaha bhI ' hindI kA kramika vikAsa' ' hindI ke vikAsa kA itihAsa' Adi mahattva ke praznoM ko sulajhAnevAloM ke liye eka bahuta hI bar3I samasyA kA hala bahuta-kucha aMzoM meM ho gayA hai / prAkathana hindI jaina sAhitya hindI aura hindI jaina sAhitya zrI agaracaMdra nAhaTA aura daulatasiMha lor3hA araviMda bI. e. hindI - sAhitya - vizAradoM ne jahAM ' Adi hindI kAla ', ' madhya hindI kAla' aura 'Adhunika hindI kAla' jaise kAla-khaNDa kara ke hindI - sAhitya ke kramika vikAsa para vicAra karanA prAraMbha kiyA- ve ' Adi hindI - kAla meM ' kevala ' vIra gAthAoM' kA samAveza karake bhArI bhUla kara gaye aura jisakA samAveza anivAryataH apekSita thA, usako goNa samajha ( 78 ) 7
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________________ 618 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-praya hindI jaina kara chor3a gaye athavA vaha unakI dRSTi meM hI ThIka-ThIka nahIM A sakA aura yaha huA ki ve jaise-taise Age to bar3he parantu aMta meM unheM bhI spaSTa bhAsita ho gayA ki ve ghora zrama uThA kara bhI asaphala prayAsa hI rahe aura saccA evaM prAmANika kahA jAnevAlA hindI kA Adi srota unheM nahIM mila sakA yaha bhI unheM jJAta ho gyaa| vedakAlIna bhASA ko jaba pariSkRta kara ke 'saMskRta ' banA diyA gayA vaha vikramIya pAMcavIM-chaTThI zatAbdI pUrva jana-sAdhAraNa upayoga ke sarvathA anupayukta siddha rahI aura prAkRta ne jana-sAdhAraNa bhASA kA pada grahaNa kiyaa| bhagavAn mahAvIra aura gautamabuddha lokanAyakoM ne prAkRta ko hI mAna diyA; kyoM ki unheM to jana-sAdhAraNa ke nikaTa pahuMcanA thA aura loka-jIvana ko Upara uThAnA thaa| ve apane vicAra, upadeza, saMdeza, zikSAdi ko janasAdhAraNa taka jana-sAdhAraNa kI bhASA ke mAdhyama dvArA hI pahu~cA sakate the aura unako abhipreta hI yahI thA; varan unakA mizana-uddezya thaa| isIke liye to unhoMne rAjaprAsAdoM kA parityAga kiyA thA, aneka vighna aura bAdhAoM se sadApUrNa rahanevAle sanyAsa-vrata ko aMgIkRta kiyA thaa| samrATa azokane bhI isI lie lokabhASA meM hI zilA-staMbhoM para apane upadeza utkIrNita karavAye the / jaina aura bauddha dharmoM kA sAhitya 'prAkRta-pAlI ' meM hI racA gyaa| paravartI jainAcAryoMne to 'prAkRta ' meM hI grantha racanA karanA cAlU rakkhA; parantu paravartI bauddha bhikSukoMne bauddha sAhitya kI racanA saMskRta meM karanI prAraMbha kara dI thii| phalataH bauddha-pAlI sAhitya kI apekSA jaina sAhitya 'prAkRta' meM bahuta adhika evaM vividha hai| vikramIya pAMcavIM-chaTThI zatAbdI pUrva se vikramIya tRtIya zatAbdI kA madhyavartIkAla 'prAkRta ' bhASA kA svarNayuga kahA gayA hai / isa kAla meM prAkRta ' apane pUrNa sAhityika rUpa ko pahuMca cukI thii| pratyeka unnata bhASA ke rUpa ke do stara to hote hI haiM-sAdhAraNa aura asAdhAraNa / prAkRta kA asAdhAraNarUpa sAhitya ke liye rahA aura sAdhAraNarUpa janasAdhAraNa kI bhASA ke rUpa meM / vikramIya tRtIya zatAbdI meM bhArata meM bAhara se kaI jJAtiyoM kA niraMtara AnA pAyA jAtA hai| ve jJAtiyAM bhI apane sAtha apane mUla rIti-razma aura apanI bhASA ko lekara AI thiiN| prAkRta ke jana-sAdhAraNa bhASA ke rUpa meM unakI bhASA kA apabhraMza-yuga sammizraNa huA / ' Abhirokti ' eka bhASA kA nAma prAcIna granthoM meM ullekhita milatA hai, jo vikrama kI tRtIya zatAbdI meM prayukta hotI huI varNita kI gaI hai| ' apabhraMza-bhASA kAla ' yahIM se mAnA jAtA hai|
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________________ sAhitya hindI aura hindI jaina sAhitya | 619 ' apabhraMza ' zabda kA bhI eka adbhuta itihAsa hai / pAtaJjalane eka zabda ke kaI apazabda athavA apabhraMza honA mAne haiM arthAt ve 'apabhraMza' aura 'apazabda' kA prayoga paryAyavat karate haiN| unhoMne kisI bhASAvizeSa ke liye ' apabhraMza ' zabda kA prayoga nahIM kiyA ! prasiddha vaiyAkaraNI daNDIne saMskRtetara zabda ko 'apabhraMza' kahA hai; kyoM ki ' apabhraMza ' zabda taba taka saMskRtetara zabdoM ke liye rUr3ha bana cukA thA / bharatane isake viparIta 'vibhraSTa zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai / pANinIne zabda aura apazabda kA prazna hI nahIM uThAyA / bharata ne vibhASAoM ko 'apabhraMza' kahA hai; jaise AbhIra jAti dvArA vyavahRta honevAlI bhASA 'AbhIrokti' / vaiyAkaraNI daNDIne ' AbhirAdigiraH ' kahakara ' AbhIra' zabda ke sAtha meM 'Adi' zabda aura lagAyA hai / ina saba vivAdAspada evaM parasparavirodhI bAtoM se sthAnAbhAva se isa nibaMdha meM tathya para pahuMcanA kaThita hai ki eka bhASA prakRta aura dUsarI vikRta kaise mAnI gaI; jabaki dUsarI bhASA bhI koI bAhara deza se yahAM A kara utpanna athavA vikazita nahIM huI thI / phira bhI itanA spaSTa hai ki saMskRtetara zabda ke liye to ' apabhraMza ' zabda rUr3ha hI bana cukA thA / " janma ' apabhraMza ' prAcIna hindI athavA Adi hindI hai; ataH hamAre liye ' apabhraMza ' zabda para, apabhraMza bhASA kI utpatti para, usakI jananI 'pAkRta para bhI kucha kahanA Avazyaka kAraNa ho jAtA hai| vikrama kI chaTThI zatAbdI se vikrama kI lokabhASAoM kA bArahavIM zatAbdI kA madhyavartI kAla apabhraMza bhASA kA svarNayuga kahA jAtA hai jo vi0 terahavIM zatAbdI meM prasiddha hemacandra - yuga ke Asa-pAsa jA kara zithila par3anA prAraMbha hotA hai / ina zatAbdiyoM meM ' apabhraMza ' bhASA samasta uttara bhArata ke pradezoM meM vyApta ho cukI thI aura vaha ucca sAhityika rUpa ko prApta kara cukI thI / parantu jaisA upara varNita kiyA gayA hai ki bhASA kA ucca stara pariSkRta mastiSkadhArI puruSoM ke dvArA sAhitya meM svIkRta hotA AyA hai aura usakA sAdhAraNa stara jana-sAdhAraNa kI bola-cAla kI bhASA kA rUpa bana kara calatA hai / 'apabhraMza ' kA sAdhAraNa stara prAnta - vibhinnatA ke kAraNa cAra moTe nAmoM se milatA hai - barAra - khAnadeza meM prayukta honevAlA stara ' apabhraMza mahArASTrI', mathurA aura brajamaNDala meM prayukta honevAlA ' zaurasenI', are kA 'mAgadhI' aura magadha aura zaurasena - maNDala ke madhya meM prayukta stara ' ardhamAgadhI ' / vikrama kI terahavIM zatAbdI meM jaba ' apabhraMza' ko bhI sAhitya-maraNa svIkAra karane ke liye bAdhya honA par3A thA; usa samaya hI Adhunika loka bhASAoM kA janma huA thA / nAgara athavA zaurasenI apabhraMza se hindI, gUrjara, rAjasthAnI, paMjAbI bhASAyeM prasUta huI; mahArASTrI
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________________ 620 bhImad vijayarAjendrasari-smAraka-graMtha hindI jaina apabhraMza se marAThI; mAgadhI apabhraMza se baGgalA, bihArI, AsAmI, ur3iyA aura ardhamAgadhI apabhraMza se pUrvI hindI kA janma huaa| isa mAnyatA meM thor3I-bahuta matavibhinnatA bhI ho sakatI hai| parantu hamako isa para adhika vivecana yahAM nahIM karanA hai / hamArA prakRta viSaya 'hindI jaina sAhitya ' hai; ataH hama hindI se hI sIdhA saMbaMdha rakhanevAle mata evaM vicAroM meM hI aura vaha bhI sthAnAbhAva se maryAdita kara ke hI kheNge| hindI jaina sAhitya ko hama apane adhyayana evaM anuzIlana ke AdhAra para tIna bhAgoM meM nimna samayakrama se vibhAjita karate haiM: apabhraMza-hindI-vi. 10 vIM zatAbdI se vi. 16 vIM ke pUrvArdhaparyaMta / hindI-vi. 16 vIM zatAbdI ke uttarArdha se vi. 19 vIM zatAbdIparyaMta / Adhunika hindI-vi. 20 vIM shtaabdii| apabhraMza-hindI kAla vi. chaThI zatAbdI se 12 vI paryaMta to apabhraMza kA svarNayuga hI rahA aura 16 vIM zatAbdI ke pUrvArdhaparyaMta jaina sAhitya meM apabhraMza prabhAvita racanAyeM hotI rhiiN| DA. hajArI prasAda dvivedIne apane 'hindI sAhitya kA AdikAla' itihAsa meM hindI prakathana kA AdikAla 7 vIM zatAbdI I0 se 14 vIM I0 paryaMta mAnA hai jo upayukta hI hai| kyoM ki vahAM to 15 vIM zatAbdI se hI bhaktikAla prAraMbha ho jAtA hai jisameM bhakta aura premamArgI kaviyoM kI hindI meM Thosa racanAyeM hone laga gaI thIM / hindI jaina kaviyoMne apanI racanAyeM jaba ki prAraMbha kI hI thii| hindI jaina sAhitya meM bhI usako * hindI kA AdikAla ' athavA ' prAcIna hindI-kAla ' hI kahA hai aura samaya bhI utanA hI mAnA hai, jo apabhraMza prabhAvita racanAoM ke prAcurya para hindI jaina sAhitya kI dRSTi se utanA spaSTa aura arthapUrNa nahIM hai| jitanA 'apabhraMza-hindI-kAla' kahanA / __bhale hindI sAhityavizAradoMne apabhraMza ko ' Adi hindI' athavA 'prAcIna hindI ' kahA hai; parantu apabhraMzaprabhAvita isa kAla ko ye nAma denA na spaSTa haiM aura na arthapUrNa / apabhraMza-hindI kAla se sIdhA artha nikalatA hai ki apabhraMza prabhAvita hindI racanAoM kA kAla / _ 'apabhraMza' kA sAhitya mahAn samRddha, vipula, vividha viSayaka aura vividhamukhI hai / apabhraMza kI prAJjalatA isake mahAkAvyoM meM dekhane ko milatI hai| isake kAvyoM meM isakI samRddhatA ke darzana hote haiM / isake khaNDa-kAvyoM meM jIvana ke aneka rUpoM kI vividha bhAMti se jo abhivyaJjanA huI hai vaha bahuta hI rocaka aura prabhAvaka hai / pichale 20-25
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________________ 621 sAhitya hindI aura hindI jaina sAhitya / varSoM meM jaina vidvAn muni jinavijayajI, AdinAtha upAdhyAye, DA. hIrAlAla, DA0 parazurAma vaidya, paM0 lAlacaMdra bhagavAna gAMdhI, mahApaMDita rAhula sAMkRtyAyana prabhRti vidvAnoMne apabhraMza sAhitya kA gaMbhIra adhyayana kiyA / kuchane aneka apabhraMza graMthoM kA prakAzana kiyA hai aura isakA hindI sAhitya meM vikAsa ke itihAsa para gaharA prabhAva hI nahIM par3A; varan vahAM isake abhAva meM jo gar3abar3a ho gaI thI vaha vahAM aba spaSTa pratilakSita hone lagI hai / DA. hajArIprasAda dvivedIne apane ' hindI sAhitya kA AdikAla ' nAmaka graMtha meM spaSTa kahA hai, " jaba taka isa vizAla upalabdha sAhitya ko sAmane rakha kara isa kAla ke kAvya kI parIkSA nahIM kI jAtI, taba taka hama isa sAhityakA ThIka-ThIka marma upalabdha nahIM kara sakate / idhara-udhara ke pramANoM se kucha kaha denA, kucha para kucha kA prabhAva batalA denA na to bahuta ucita hai aura na bahuta hitakara / " yaha kahanA hogA ki Aja apabhraMza kA sAhitya jo kucha bhI upalabdha hai vaisA 50-55 varSa pUrva prApya nahIM thaa| tabhI to prasiddha bhASAzAstrI jarmana vidvAn pezala ko yaha anubhava kara ke bahuta hI duHkha huA thA ki apabhraMza kA samRddha aura vipula sAhitya kho gayA hai| jaina sAhitya-seviyoM kI pratyeka yuga aura pratyeka kAla meM vizeSa athavA sAdhAraNa kucha aisI paraMparAyeM rahatI haiM, jo samaya kI kar3I se kar3I milA kara Age-Age bar3hatI calI jAtI haiM / jaina sAhitya ko samRddha banAne kI dRSTi se, usako vividhamukhI evaM vividhaviSayaka karane kI dRSTi se vidvAn-graMthakAra kI paraMparA rahI hai / isa paraMparA kA kartavya yahI rahatA hai ki vaha AgamoM kA svAdhyAya kare, loka-jIvana kA adhyayana kare, jainetara sAhitya kA anuzIlana kare aura maulika graMtha likhe, TIkAyeM banAve, bhASya race Adi / dUsarI paraMparA hai jJAna-bhaNDAra-saMsthApana-paraMparA / isa paraMparA kA uddezya samRddha jaina sAhitya kI rakSA karane kA hai / sAhitya kI surakSA kI dRSTi se yaha jJAna -bhaNDAra kI sthApanA karatI hai aura vahAM jaina-janetara sAhitya pratiSThita ho kara surakSita rahA hai / jaina jJAna-bhaNDAroM kA mahattva Aja sarvavidita ho cukA hai| tIsarI paramparA hai loka-bhASA aMgIkaraNa kI / jaina vidvAn athavA graMthakartA jisa yuga meM jo jana-sAdhAraNa kI sarvapriya bhASA hotI hai, usImeM vaha apanA sAhitya racatA hai, apanA vicAra, upadeza, saMdeza bhI usI ke mAdhyama ke dvArA lokasamAja taka pahuMcAtA hai| ina tIna viziSTa paramparAoM se hI jaina sAhitya prAkRta aura saMskRta tathA apabhraMza meM eka-sA samRddha, vividha aura vipula milatA hai| jaina apabhraMza sAhitya kI vipulatA, usakI samRddhatA evaM usakI vividha viSayakatA ko prAyaH sarva vidvAn svIkAra karate haiN| isa para adhika vivacana karanA yahAM samIcIna bhI nahIM pratIta hotA hai|
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________________ 622 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha hindI jaina loka-bhASA bananevAlI bolI athavA bhASA ko jaina sAhitya sadA varadAna athavA adbhuta dena ke rUpa meM prApta hotA AyA hai| hindI ko apabhraMza kI mArI dena hai-isameM tanika bhI matavibhinnatA nhiiN| apabhraMza se jaise anya Adhunika loka-bhASAyeM udbhUta huI, usI prakAra hindI bhI usIse banI aura nikalI hai / balki saca kaheM to hindI apabhraMza kI pyArI putrI hai| isako, rAjasthAnI-gujarAtI chor3a kara, anya bhASAoM kI apekSA apabhraMza se adhika prApta huA hai| isa kathana kI ThIka-ThIka aura saccI pratIti to jaina-jJAnabhaNDAroM meM aprakAzita par3e huye apabhraMza-sAhitya ke prakAza meM Ane para dhIre-dhIre vidita hogii| phira bhI abhItaka jitanA aura jo kucha apabhraMza-sAhitya prakAza meM A cukA hai usake AdhAra se bhI yaha sarvavidita ho cukA hai ki hindI ke nirmANa meM apabhraMza kA mahattvapUrNa yoga hai| svarNakAla ko prApta huI pratyeka bhASA hI apane madhyakAlIna bhAga meM apane udara meM koI anya aisI bhASA kA garbhadhAraNa kara bar3hatI calatI hai ki jyoMhi vaha apane prAcIna rUpa se uttarakAla meM vArdhakyagrasta hokara nizceSTa banane lagatI hai, madhyakAla se usake udara meM palatI huI vaha bhASA jana-sAdhAraNa ke mukha-mArga se nissarita hone lagatI hai aura apanI pramukhatA sthApita karatI huI aMta meM pramukha bhASA kA rUpa dhAraNa kara letI hai| ____ apabhraMza bhASA ke svarNayuga ke madhyabhAga arthAt vi. AThavIM zatAbdI meM vi. saM. 734 ke pIchale varSoM meM mahAkavi svayaMbhUne 'harivaMzapurANa' aura padmapurANa ' ( rAmAyaNa ) kI racanA kI thii| hindI ke vIja-prakSepa karanevAloM meM ye hI prathama apa0 apabhraMza-hindI kavi mAne gaye haiN| inakI racanA meM hindI kA bIja dekhiye / sItA-[ agni-parIkSA ke samaya ] icchau~ yadi mama mukha na nihArai / yadi puni nayanAnandarhi, na samarpe u raghunandanahiM // hindI kAvyadhArA, pR. 69 ( svayambhUkRta rAmAyaNa 49-15) mahAkavi svayaMm ke pazcAt vikramIya 10 vI, 11 vIM evaM 12 vIM zatAbdiyoM meM devasena, puSpadaMta, dhanapAla, rAmasiMha, zrIcandra, kanakAmara prabhRti kavi ati prasiddha haiM, jina kI racanAoM meM hindI kA aMkura sA phUTatA huA dRSTigocara hotA hai| para inakI bhASA kI saMjJA to apabhraMza hI hai: devasenane ' darzanasAra ', ' tattvasAra' aura * sAvayadhammadohA' nAmaka graMtha likhe haiN| puSpadaMtane ' mahApurANa', 'jasaharacariu' evaM 'NAyakumAracariu'; dhanapAlane 'bhavisayadatta.
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________________ sAhitya hindI aura hindI jaina sAhitya / 623 kahA'; kavi rAmasiMhane 'pAhur3a dohA'; zrIcandrane 'purANasAra' aura kanakAmara paMDitane 'karakaNDucariya' nAmaka graMthoM kI racanAyeM kI haiN| nimna udAharaNoM meM aMkurita hindI ke darzana kariyeHkupAtradAna kA phala (10 vIM zatAbdI ke aMtima bhAga meM ) haya gaya suNadahaM dAriyaha micchAdidvihiM bhoya / te kupattadANaM ghivahaM phala jANahu bahu ceya // 82 // DA0 rAmakumAra varmA likhita hi. sA. A. iti0 (devasenakRta 'sAvayadhammadohA') rAniyoM kA jIvana-( rASTrakUTavaMzIya tR0 kRSNarAja kA samaya ) koi malaya-tilaka devahiM karaI koi ArasihI Age dhareI / koi apai vara-ratanA-bharanA / koi lepai kuMkumahIM caraNA // hindI-kAvya-dhArA pR. 201 ( puSpadantakRta 'AdipurANa' pR. 39) DA0 rAmakumAra varmA racita hi0 sA0 ke A0 itihAsa se uddhRtaH -- muhu mAruNa malaya vaNarAina / siMhaladIvi rayaNa vikhyAiva / sohai darapaNi kIla karatI / cihura taraMga maMga vivaratI // (dhanapAlakRta 'bhavisayadattakahA') joiya hiyar3aI jAsu para eka jiNivasai deu / jammaNa maraNa vivajiyau to pAvaI paralou / / 76 // (munirAyasiMhakRta 'pAhur3adohA') saMsAra bhamaMtaha kavaNu sokkhu / asuhA baDa pAvaha viviha dukkhu // ( kanakAmarakRta ' karakaNDucariu') muni rAmasiMha kA samaya vi. saM. 1057 ke lagabhaga aura kanakAmara kA samaya vi. saM. 1117 mAnA gayA hai| vi. 12 vIM zatAbdI ke uttarArdha se rAjasthAnI--hindI kA uttarottara vikAza kI ora gatizIla rahane ke pramANa milate haiM aura apabhraMza zrI hemacaMdra yuga meM Akara gauNa arthAt apradhAna banane laga jAtI hai arthAt rAjasthAnI-hindI racanAyeM banane . hindI-apabhraMza lgii| apabhraMza-hindI racanAoM kA kAla hamane vi. 16 vIM zatAbdI ke pUrvArddha paryaMta hI samIcInataH mAnA hai / isa samaya taka kI prApta zvetAmbara racanAeM jinheM hindI kahA jAtA hai ve rAjasthAnI
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________________ 624 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka - graMtha hindI jaina kI haiM aura apabhraMza prabhAvita prApta hindI jaina di0 sAhitya meM hindI kA nikharA huA rUpa 16 vIM zatI ke uttarArddha kI racanAoM meM dekhane ko milatA hai / vikramIya 14 vIM zatAbdI ke uttarArdha meM ' hindI ' ' apabhraMza ' ke prabhAva se mukta banane lagatI hai jo 16vIM zatAbdI ke pUrvArdha meM apabhraMzamukta ho kara svataMtra bhASA ke rUpa meM pariNita ho jAtI hai| isa upakAla meM ullekhanIya hindI jaina kavi apabhraMzarahita hindI dharmasUri, dhelha, vinayaprabhasUri, ambadeva, dayAsAgarasUri aura saMvegasundara haiM / dharmasUrine 'jambUsvAmIrAsa, ' ghelhane vi. saM. 1371 veM ' caubIsI gIta', vinayaprabhane vi. saM. 1412 meM ' gautamarAsA', ambadevane ' saMghapatisamarArAsa, ' dayAsAgarane vi. saM. 1486 meM ' dharmadattacaritra' aura saMvegasundarane saM. 1548 meM ' sArasikhAmaNarAsa ' kI hindI - racanAyeM kI haiN| udAharaNa dekhiye : jaMbUdIvi sirimarahakhitti tihiM nayara pahANau / rAjagRhanAmeNa nayara pahuvI vakkhANau / rAja karaha seNiya nariMda nara varahaM ju sAro / tAsu taha (ati) buddhivaMta mati abhayakumAro || banArasIvilAsa ( dharmasUrikRta 'jambUsvAmIrAsa ' ) nAbhi nariMdu naresarU marUdevI sukalattA / tasu uri risa uvaSNo avadha vadAhi kaMtA || banArasIvilAsa (gherahakRta ' caubIsI gIta ' ) nayaNa vayaNa kara caraNi jiNa vi paGkaja jali pADiya / tejihi tArA caMda sUra AkAsi bhayADiya || di0 jai0 sA0 kA saM0 iti ( vinayaprabhakRta ' gautamarAsA ' ) upara abataka jo hamane likhA hai usakA sAra itanA hI hai ki ' prAkRta' se apabhraMza bhASA kA udbhava huA aura 'apabhraMza' se Adhunika boliyoM kA nirmANa huA / hindI bhI Adhunika boliyoM meM eka bolI hai / hindI kA udbhava ' apabhraMza ' se hai apabhraMza kI dena aura hindI kA vikAsa ' apabhraMza ' meM hI huA hai / isa para hamane sthAna aura samaya kA dhyAna rakhate huye bhI adhika kaha diyA hai / ' hindI ' meM hama aneka bhASAoM ke zabda dekhate haiM; parantu isa para vaha anya bhASA se saMbhUta huI - nahIM mAnI jA sakatI / dezI bhASAoM kI samasta kriyAyeM evaM dhAtu rUpa prAkRtasaMbhUta apabhraMza maile haiN| itanA hI nahIM, hindI ko to apabhraMza se kaI varadAna va amUlya dena prApta huI haiN|
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________________ sAhitya hindI aura hindI jaina sAhitya / 625 hindI-bhASA ke vikAza ke adhyayana ke liye ' apabhraMza' kA sAhitya bahupayogI hai; kyoM ki 'apabhraMza' meM prAcIna athavA Adi hindI' kahA jAnevAlA svarUpa yathAvat vidyamAna hai aura 'apabhraMza' meM prAcIna-hindI-gadya surakSita hai| hindI ke liye 'apabhraMza' kI yaha sevA surakSA kI dRSTi se kama mahatva kI nahIM hai| upalabdha hindI jaina-sAhitya jainetara hindI sAhitya se milAne baiTheMge to vahAM thoDA antara kAla ke nirdhAraNa meM par3A huA milegaa| kAraNa spaSTa hai-jaina vidvAn apabhraMza ke paMDita the aura apabhraMza meM unake upayogI dharmagraMtha race jA cuke the aura jainetara hindI vidvAn apabhraMza ke na to paMDita hI the aura nahIM unake dhArmika graMtha hI isa meM racita the; ataH jainetara hindI vidvAn vi0 14 vIM zatAbdI se hI hindI meM Thosa racanAyeM kara ske| hindI jaina vidvAnoM ko apabhraMza ke gAr3ha prabhAva se mukta hone meM adhika samaya laganA svAbhAvika hai; ataH hindI jaina-vidvAnoM kI hindI kahI jAne. vAlI racanAyeM vi0 14 vIM zatAbdI se prAraMbha nahIM ho kara vi. 16 vIM zatAbdI ke uttarArdha meM prAraMbha huI milatI haiM arthAt hindI jaina vidvAn vikramIya solahavIM zatAbdI ke uttarArdha meM pUrNataH apabhraMzamukta hindI racanA karane lge| anya prAntIya loka-bhASAoM meM bhI jaina vidvAnoMne racanAyeM kI haiM / zvetAmbara sAdhu aura AcAryoM kI rAjasthAna, mAlavA, gUrjara adhikatara vihAra-bhUmi rahI hai| unhoMne rAjasthAnI aura gUrjara bhASAoM meM bhI ina zatAbdiyoM meM bar3e mahatva ke kaI graMtha likhe haiN| rAjasthAnI aura gUrjara bhASA anya loka-bhASAoM kI apekSA hindI ke adhika nikaTa mAnI jAtI haiM; ataH maru-gUrjarI jaina sAhitya bhI hindI ke liye eka bahuta bar3I dena aura mahatva kI vastu hai| vikramIya 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 aura 16 vIM zatAbdiyAM bhArata meM uthala-puthala kA samaya rahI haiN| jinameM terahavIM-caudahavIM zatAbdiyoM kA kAla to bar3A hI kaThina, viSama aura saMhAraka rahA hai / ina zatAbdiyoM meM bAhara se mahammUda gajanavI, gaurI avalokana aura Adi AtatAyiyoM ke dhana aura vaibhava ke liye AkramaNa hI nahIM jainasAhitya kI huye; varan unake paravartI uttarAdhikAriyoMne bhArata meM rAjya-sthApanAyeM vizeSatA kii| ina zatAbdiyoM meM saca kahA jAya to uttara bhArata kAzmIra se viMdhyAcala taka aura sindha se bihAra-AsAma taka raNa-bhUmi hI rhaa| rAjapUta rAjAoM meM paraspara phUTa thI; ataH ve AkramaNakAriyoM ke sAmane vijayI to na Thahara sake; paraMtu AkramaNakAriyoM ko sIdhe hAtha rAjyoM kI sthApanA bhI nahIM karane dii| donoM meM bar3e 2 79
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________________ 858 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-praya hindI jaina saMgrAma huye / kaI bar3e-bar3e paimAnoM para nara-saMhAra huaa| kaI navIna rAjavaMzoM kI sthApanA huii| prAcIna rAjavaMza jar3a se hI kho gaye / ina zatAbdiyoM meM vIrarasa kA prAdhAnya rahA aura vIra rasa meM 'pRthvIrAja rAso' jaise jainetara khaDgacaritra-kAvyoM kI racanAyeM huiiN| bhArata ke pratyeka koNa meM ina zatAbdiyoM meM talavAra camaka uThI thI; parantu Azcarya hai ki vahAM adbhuta jaina vidvAnparaMparA apane uccAdarza se tanika bhI vicalita nahIM huii| vaha apane pahile ke DhaMga se hI dharmapradhAna zAntarasa meM apanI racanAyeM karatI rhiiN| yaha Avazyaka hai ki azAMti kA unakI racanAoM kI saMkhyA aura pragati para prabhAva to avazya huA; phira bhI jainetara sAhitya kI apekSA to jaina sAhitya meM ina zatAbdiyoM meM racI gaI racanAoM kI saMkhthA kaI guNI hai-isameM koI zaMkA nahIM hai / yaha jainadharma kI hI eka mAtra vizeSatA hai, jo usake sAhitya meM saMnihita hai aura vaha usake anuzIlana se hI samajhI jA sakatI hai| jainadharma vizuddhataH dharma-pradhAnamata hai| yaha anubhavagata satya para hI eka mAtra AdhArita hai| zRGgAra-anumAna aura kalpanAoM kA isameM praveza bhI azakya hai / yaha aparAdhI ko aparAdha karake nahIM jhukAtA / yaha hI isakA maulika svabhAva hai| yaha zAnti meM vizvAsa karatA hai aura azAnta evaM hiMsaka upAyoM se usakA saMsthApana athavA punarsthApana honA nahIM mAnatA hai| vizva meM zAnti aura suvyavasthA, deza-deza meM sahAnubhUti, jJAti-jJAti meM prema aura mAnava-mAnava meM sauhArda agara saMsthApita kiyA jA sakatA hai to kevala viveka, zAnti, sneha aura prema ke dvArA-ye isakI adbhuta athavA ajaba mAnyatAyeM nahIM, lekina ye satya ke upara AdhArita haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki uparokta vIrarasapradhAna zatAbdiyoM meM bhI jaina vidvAnoMne vIra rasa meM racanAyeM nahIM kI / saMsAra ke samasta jainetara sAhitya deza, kAla, sthiti ke anusAra rasa badalate rahe haiN| parantu jaina sAhitya kI yaha bar3I adbhuta evaM zAzvata vizeSatA hai ki vaha sadA dhArmika, zAntarasapradhAna aura AdhyAtmika hI rhaa| hindI apabhraMza se nikalI, vaha apabhraMza se atyadhika prabhAvita hai, usako apabhraMza kI bhArI dena hai-ina tathyoM kI pratIti karane ke liye bhale Aja se 50-55 varSa pUrva to sAmagrI kA abhAva hI thA; parantu aba to sAmagrI itanI to bAhara A cukI hai ki jisakA adhyayana karake hama kucha nizcaya para pahuMca sakate haiN| hindI varNa-mAlA, hindI-lipi,hindI-vyAkaraNa, hindI meM prayukta kiye jAnevAle chaMda, alaGkAra, racanAoM kI saMjJAyeM va zailI Adi meM apabhraMzakA kitanA prabhAva hai, vaha hindI ke vikAsa meM apabhraMza kA yoga, Adi granthoM se spaSTa hai / itanA saba kahane kA hamArA tAtparya yaha nahIM thA ki hindI kA nirmANa sampUrNataH aura sarva prakAra se eka mAtra apabhraMzane hI kiyA hai| aisA kahanA avaijJAnika aura avyAvahArika rahegA / khar3I bolI ke hAmI musalamAna zAsaka, unake Azrita kavi aura zAyaroMne bhI hindI
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________________ sAhitya hindI aura hindI jaina sAhitya / 627 ke nirmANa meM pUrApUrA yoga diyA hai| saMskRta bhASAne bhI isake kalevara ko sundara aura suSTu banAne ke liye apane adhika priya kaI zabdoM ko bheMTa kiyA hai| hindI-kAla hindI jaina sAhitya kI dRSTi se yaha kAla vikramIya 16 vIM zatAbdI ke uttarArddha se vi. saM. 19 vI paryaMta mAnA gayA hai| hindI kA utkarSa rUpa isa kAla ke prAraMbha meM banane lagatA hai jo isake anta meM Adhunika rUpa meM parivarcita huA hai| isa prakathana kAla ke hindI jaina vidvAnoM meM vi. saM. 1581 meM ' yazodharacaritra' ke kA gauravadAsa aura prasiddha 'kRpaNacaritra' ke kartA kavi ThakarasI, dharmadAsa ke nAma vizeSa ullekhanIya haiM / ina tInoM meM kavi ThakarasI agragaNya hai| kavi ThakarasI ke pazcAt 17vIM zatI meM to hindI jaina kavi, lekhaka, graMthakAra, TIkAkAroM kI bAr3hasI A gaI aura hindI jaina dhArmika sAhitya ke sAtha hI anya aneka viSayoM meM racanAyeM aura anuvAdagraMtha likhe gye| jaina vidvAn-paramparA ne isa hindI kAla meM vividhamukhI aura vividha viSayaka racanAyeM karake hindI jaina sAhitya ko vipula aura vividhaviSayaka btaayaa| sarva zrI caudharI rAyamala, nainasukha, samayasundara, kRSNadAsa, rUpacanda pANDe, banArasIdAsa, rUpacaMdra(zve0), hIrAnaMda, kavivara bhagavatIdAsa, bhadrasena, jinarAjasUri, jaTamala nAhara, yati bAlacaMdra, haMsarAja, udayarAja, AnaMdaghana, jinaraMgasUri, upA0 yazovijaya, vinayasAgara, hemasAgara, jinaharSa, dharmasiMha, kavi rAyacaMda, lakSmIvallabha, udayacaMdra (kharatara), jinasamudrasUri (kharatara ), kavi mAna, bhaiyA magavatIdAsa, kezava, kavi lAlacaMdra, mAnakavi (kharatara ), khetala, vinayacaMdra, kavi ratnazekhara, samartha kavi, durgAdAsa, lakSmIcaMda, dIpacaMda, guNavilAsa, bhUdharadAsa, kanakakuzalakuMvarakuzala, daulatarAma kAsalIvAla, mahopAdhyAya rUpacaMda, kavi dAsa, paM0 ToDaramala, devIdAsa, mahAkavi jJAnasAra, kavivara budhajana prabhRti, aneka nahIM, saikar3oM haiN| hindI jaina sAhitya vikAsa kI dRSTi se to vikramIya 16vIM zatAbdI ke pUrvAddha paryaMta hamane apabhraMza-hindI-kAla mAnA hai; parantu viSaya kI dRSTi se jaisA hindI jainetara sAhitya meM vikramIya caudahavIM zatAbdI ke antima bhAga se bhakti-kAla kA jo prAraMbha honA mAnA gayA hai vaisA hamako koI kAla nirdhArita karane ke liye bAdhita nahIM honA par3A hai, kAraNa ki jaina sAhitya samayAnusArI nahIM, varan zAzvata dharmAnusArI hI adhikatara pradhAna rahatA hai| hAM, racanAoM meM vega aura zaithilya deza, kAla aura sthiti ke hI kAraNa bar3hate-ghaTate avazya rahate haiM / caudahavIM zatAbdI ke aMtima bhAga meM uttara bhArata meM sarvatra muslima-rAjya sthApita ho cuke the / rAjaputra rAjA yA to unake AdhIna ho cuke the yA azakta ho kara zithila se
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________________ 628 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha hindI jaina bana cuke the / kabhI 2 talavAra bhI camaka uThatI thI; parantu vaha kisI-kisI aura amuka sthala meM hii| muslima zAsakoM ne yavana-rAjyoM kI sthApanA karake hI vizrAma lenA nahIM socA thaa| aba ve bala-prayoga se yahAM ke nivAsiyoM ko musalamAna banAne para tula uThe the / rAjAjana to abala ho cuke the aura prajA bhI sarva prakAra asahAya thI / aisI dharma-saMkaTa sthiti meM Izvara ke bhakta Izvara kI upAsanA ke sivAya aura kyA kara sakate the aura hamAre syAdvAda ke vidvAn Atmadharma aura mAnavocita vyavahAra kA upadeza dene ke atirikta aura kara hI kyA sakate the| jainetara saMta aura bhaktoM kA eka samudAya nikalA jisameM nAmadeva, rAmAnaMda, raidAsa, kabIra, dharmadAsa, nAnaka, zekhapharIda, malakadAsa, dAdudayAla aura sundaradAsa ke nAma ullekhanIya haiN| musalamAnoM ke bhItara se bhI eka dala nikalA jisane prema-paMtha kA pracAra kiyaa| prema-paMtha 'sUphI mata' ke nAma se itihAsa meM prasiddha hai| jaina vidvAn sAdhu aura AcAryoM ne apane tattvapUrNa vyAkhyAna diye / sarvatra bhArata meM unhoM ne vihAra kara ke mAnava-dharma ko samajhAyA; yavana-rAjAoM kI rAjya-pariSadoM meM, bAdazAhoM ke hajUragAha meM jAkara unhoMne dharma-sahiSNutA aura abhayadAna ke mahatva samajhAye / jo saMta-sAhitya, bhakta-kAvya, dharma-saMgIta inakI vANI se, kalama se, sitAra se nikalA usane dharma-saMkaTa ko TAlane meM pUrI 2 saphalatA prApta kI / hindI-sAhitya ke vikAsa ke itihAsa ko likhanevAloM ne aneka jainetara bhakta, saMta, aura sUphI mata ke premapaMthiyoM kA nAmollekha kiyA aura unakA pUrNa paricaya dene kI udAratA batalAI hai / parantu inake hI sAthI jaina dharmAtmA-puruSoM meM se, jinake nAma do yA dasa nahIM, saikaDoM upalabdha haiM unameM se, eka banArasIdAsa kA nAma kevala ullikhita kiyA / tisa para hindI jaina sAhitya meM to atirikta saMta athavA bhakta yA dhArmika sAhitya ke anya prAyaH sabhI viSayoM meM bhI racanAyeM huI haiN| ina zatAbdiyoM meM jainetara sAhitya jahAM kevala saMta-sAhitya ke rUpa meM hI milatA hai, vahAM jaina hindI sAhitya meM vaha vividha viSayaka aura vividhamukhI hai| jainetara vidvAnoM kA yaha asamabhAvapradhAna dRSTikoNa evaM saMkucita vRtta avazya Alocya hai / aisA karake ve sajjana hindI bhASA ke vikAsa ko hamAre samakSa pUrA 2 upasthita karane meM asaphala bhI rahe aura bhramita bhI ho gye| upara hindI jaina-vidvAnoM ke hamane kucha nAma diye haiN| unameM di0 kaviyoM kI racanAeM to prasiddha haiN| zve0 kavi aprasiddha hone se unakI yahAM racanAoM kucha pracUrNa kavi kI nAmAvali de rahe haiN| vividha viSayaka racanAoM ke sAtha yathAsaMbhava unake aura lekhaka racanA kAla-saMvatoM ke ullekha nimnavat kara denA ThIka samajhate haiN| zrAvaka kavi nainasukhane vi. saM. 1649 meM ' vaidyamanotsava ' likhaa| . .
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________________ sAhitya hindI aura hindI jaina sAhitya / 629 maho. samayasuMdara-hindI meM phuTakara padAdi ke racayitA, cauvIzIpada-chatIsI gIta aadi| kRSNadAsane vi. saM. 1651 meM 'durjanasAlabAvanI ' rcii| hIrAnaMda zrAvakane vi. saM. 1668 meM ' adhyAtmabAvanI ' likhI / kharataragacchIya bhadrasenane vi. saM. 1675 ke lagabhaga 'caMdanamalayAgiri caupAI' likhii| kharatara zivanidhAnaziSya kavi mAnane 'bhASAkavirasamaMjarI ' racI / inakA racanAkAla vi. saM. 1670-1693 paryaMta rahA hai| jinarAjasUri-vi. saM. 1655 se 1700 taka, rAmacaritasambaMdhIpada va anyapadAdi racanAyeM rcii| lokAgacchIya kavi bAlacaMdrane vi. saM. 1685 meM bAlacaMdabattIsI ' rcii| haMsarAjane padya meM ' jJAnabAvanI' aura gadya meM ' dravya-saMgrahaTabbA' race / racanAkAla 17 vIM zatAbdI kA aMta / udayarAja (kharatara )ne vaidyavirahiNIprabaMdha ' aura karIba 500 dohe race / racanAkAla 17 vIM zatAbdI kA anta / jinaraMgasUrine 'adhyAtma bAvanI' aura 'raMgabahottarI ' rcii| racanAkAla saM0 1700 se 1730 paryaMta / vinayasAgarane vi. saM. 1702 meM * anekArthanAmamAlA ' koSa likhA / hemasAgarane vi. saM. 1706 meM ' chaMdamAlikA ' rcii| AnaMdavarddhanane kalyANamaMdirapada va bhaktAmarapada / jinaharSane vi. saM. 1714 meM 'naMdavahocarI' aura saM. 1738 meM 'jasarAjabAvanI' rcii| dharmasiMhane vi. saM. 1725 meM 'dharmabAvanI' likhI aura kaI savaiyA, pada cauvIsiyAM racI / racanAkAla saM0 1719 se / yazovijaya-digpaTakhaMDana, samAdhizataka, samatAzataka padAdi / vinayavijayane vinayavilAsa padasaMgraha race / kavi rAmacaMdrane hakkInagara (siMdha) meM saM0 1720 meM ' rAmavinoda, ' maroTha (siMdha) meM saM0 1726 meM ' vaidyavinoda ' aura merA ( siMdha ) meM saM0 1722 meM 'sAmudrika-bhASA ' nAmaka graMtha likhe| lakSmIvallabhane vi. saM. 1711 meM ' upadezavatrIsI' aura 'kAlajJAna', saM. 1727 meM 'bhAvanAvilAsa', saM0 1738 meM - savaiyA-bAvanI,' saM0 1761 meM 'cauvIsI' aura saM0 1747 meM ' navatattva-caupAI' rcii|
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________________ 630 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha hindI jaina udayacaMda ( kharatara ) ne vi. saM. 1728 meM anUparasAla', 'vIkAnera gajala' likhe / ye bIkAnera ke yati the| jinasamudrasUrine jaisalamera meM saM0 1730 meM 'tattvaprabodha ' nATaka likhA tathA 'vaidyacintAmaNi, nArIgajala, vairAgyazataka, sarvArthasiddhi TIkA ' racI haiN| ___ mAna kavi ( vijayagacchIya ) ne 'rAjavilAsa' aura saM0 1730 meM 'vihArIsatasaI TIkA ' rcii| kezavadAsane vi. saM. 1736 meM kezavabAvanI' rcii| kavi lAlacaMdane vi. saM. 1736 meM bIkAnera meM ' lIlAvatI ' tathA saM0 1753 meM 'svarodaya' likhaa| mAna kavi ( kharatara ) ne 'saMyogadvAtriMzakA' saM0 1731 meM, lAhora meM saM0 1745 meM ' kavivinoda' aura saM0 1746bIkAnera meM ' kavipramoda ' likhe / khetala kavine saM0 1748 meM 'citaur3agar3ha gajala ' aura saM0 1757 meM ' udayapura gajala' rcii| vinayacaMdrane saM0 1755 ke lagabhaga 'rAjularahanemigIta' tathA 'bArahamAsA' rcaa| kavi ratnazekharane sUrata meM saM0 1761 meM 'ratnaparIkSA ' likhii| durgAdAsane saM0 1765 meM maroTha gajala ' rcii| samartha kavine saM0 1765 meM derA (siMgha ) meM ' rasamaMjarI' rcii| kavi lakSmIcaMda (aparavijaya ziSya kharatara) ne saM0 1780 meM 'AgarA gajala' rcii| guNavilAsane vi. saM. 1790 meM 'cauvIsI ' racI / maho0 rUpacaMda (zve0) ne saM. 1792 meM banArasIdAsakRta 'samayasAra' kI TIkA rcii| uparokta scanAoM meM vaidyaka, chaMda, kathA, koSa, jyotiSa, itihAsa, carita, AkhyAyikA, vArtA, gaNita Adi viSayaka evaM dhArmika, AdhyAtmika stavana, gIta, pada, cauvIsI, battIsI, chatrIsI, bahottarI laghu-bar3I vividha viSayoM kI kRtiyAM haiN| lagabhaga eka sahasra vividha viSayaka hindI racanAoM ke kartA di. zve. hindI-jaina-kavi aura lekhakoM meM se hama sthAnAbhAva se mAtra kucha nAma Upara de sake haiM aura kucha AdhyAtmika viziSTa kavi aura lekhakoM kA paricaya thor3e se vistAra se hama Age de rahe haiM / __ kucha AdhyAtmika kavi aura lekhaka hama nIce jina graMthakAroM ke paricaya de rahe haiM, ve jaina hindI vidvAnoM meM adhika siddha lekhaka aura kavi haiM / inakI racanAoM meM Atma-darzana, Atmatattva viSayaka adhika
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________________ sAhitya hindI aura hindI jaina sAhitya / 631 sAmagrI antarhita hai| subhASitoM kI kisI 2 kavi kI racanA meM to bahuta hI bharamAra hai, vaise suktiyAM prAyaH sabhI kI racanA meM haiN| kavivara vanArasIdAsa, mahAkavi AnaMdadhana, kavizreSTha dyAnatarAya, yogIrAja jJAnasAra Adi kI racanAoM meM kahIM 2 rahasyavAda bhI UMce stara kA pAyA jAtA hai| jinezvara-bhakti, tIrtha-prema saMbaMdhI cauvIsiyAM, tIrtha-gIta Adi dhArmika aura varNanAtmaka hone se kaI racanAyeM kAvya kA rasAnaMda to nahIM de sakatI haiN| parantu mUrtiupAsaka bhaktoM ke liye evaM saguNa mArga ke anuyAyiyoM ke liye to bar3I hI AhlAdaka aura preraNAdAyaka haiN| eka navIna bAta jo yatizrI kanakakuzala ke paricaya meM pAThakoM ko par3hane ko milegI, yahAM usa para kucha kahanA Avazyaka pratIta hotA hai| jaina vidvAn sadA se udAra rahe aura jisa yuga meM jo bhASA pradhAna banI, unhoMne usI bhASA meM jaina sAhitya kI racanA kI hai| jaba braja apane UMce stara para thI aura sUra Adi jainetara mahAkaviyoM ne usameM racanAyeM kI, jaina vidvAn bhI usakI sevA karane meM pIche nahIM rhe| kaccha ke nRpati lakhapata (rAjyakAla 1798 se 1817 ) ne apane guru kanakakuzala kI tattvAvadhAnatA meM eka braja-bhASA zikSaNAlaya kI sthApanA kI thii| isa zikSaNAlaya meM chaMda aura kAvyoM kA acchA adhyApana karavAyA jAtA thaa| yati kanakakuzala kI paraMparA meM yaha vidyAlaya barAbara lagabhaga 200 varSa calatA rahA / gujarAta, rAjasthAna Adi dUra-dUra se vidyArthI yahAM Ate the / Aja se kucha varSoM pUrva taka yaha vidyAlaya jIvita avazya thA, cAhe vaisA pragatizIla nahIM bhI hogA / jainetara vidvAnoM ne braja meM sAhitya-racanA to anUThI kI hai| parantu unake dvArA vraja kI aisI sevA ahindI pradeza meM kahIM huI, hamAre jAnane meM abhI taka to nahIM AI / gUjarAtI va rAjasthAnI va braja bhASA kA zikSaNa denA bar3A mahatva kA kArya hai / isa dRSTi se hindI ke liye hindI jaina vidvAnoM kA yaha braja-bhASA-pracAra kA kArya kama mahattva evaM kama hitakara nahIM hai / Adhunika hindI kavi athavA lekhaka saMbaMdhI yogya sAmagrI ke abhAva meM hama jaina Adhunika hindI-sAhitya para kucha bhI nahIM likha sakate / kavivara jJAnAnaMda, paM0 ToDaramala aura cidAnaMda yogIrAja kA hI hama isa kAla ke adbhuta kaviyo meM paricaya de sake haiN| caudharI rAyamalla agrotAnvaya-goyalagotrIya nAnU patnI oDharahI ke Apa jyeSTha putra the| zvetAmbara vidvAn kavi padmasundara aura Apa meM anUThA prema thaa| padmasundara samrATa akabara ke samaya meM prathama zreNi ke vidvAnoM meM pAye jAte haiN| inakA janma 16 vIM zatAbdI meM huA hai aura inakA racanA-kAla saM. 1615 se 33 hai| inakI sAta racanAyeM upalabdha haiM:-1 - nemIzvara rAsa'
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________________ 632 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha hindI jaina (saM. 1615), 2 ' hanumata kathA ' 3 ' pradyumna caritra '4' sudarzana rAso ', 5 'nirdoSa saptamI vrata kathA ', 6' zrIpAla rAso' aura 7 ' bhaviSyadatta kathA ' ( 1633 ) / ye jayapura rAjya ke rahanevAle the / inake janma-grAma kA patA laganA abhI zeSa hai / kavivara kI racanAoM meM kaI aitihAsika tathya bhI prApta hote haiN| Apane akabara samrAT ke zAsana kAla kA bhI varNana kiyA hai / vizeSa paricaya ke liye dekhiye vIra - vANI varSa 2 / 17-18 disambara san 1948 / kavivara samayasundara marura prAnta ke prAcIna evaM aitihAsika nagara sAcaura meM ApakA janma vi. saM. 1620 ke lagabhaga prAgvATajJAtIya zreSThI rUpasI kI dharmapatnI lIlAde apara nAma dharmazrI nAma kI suzIlA gRhiNI se huA thA | yugapradhAna jinacandrasUri ke karakamaloM se Apane jaina dIkSA grahaNa kI thI aura gaNi sakalacandrajI ke Apa ziSyarUpa se prasiddha huye the / sUrijI ke pradhAna ziSya mahimarAja aura samayarAja kI tattvAvadhAnatA meM ApakA vidyAdhyayana huA thA / saMskRta, prAkRta, gUrjara, rAjasthAnI, hindI, siMdhI tathA pArasI bhASA para ApakA acchA adhi. kAra thA aura chanda, alaMkAra, vyAkaraNa, jyotiSa, jaina sAhitya, anekArtha Adi ApakA vividha viSayaka pANDitya Apa kI upalabdha-kRtiyoM se bhalIvidha siddha hotA hai / ApakA ' aSTalakSI ' grantha jaina sAhitya meM ati hI prasiddha hai / isa grantha meM ' rAjAno dadate saukhyaM ' isa ATha akSara ke pada ke Apane 10,22,407 artha kiye haiM / kAzmIra vijaya ke liye jAte samaya samrAT akabarane zrIrAmadAsa kI bATikA meM zrAvaNa zu. 13 ko saMdhyAsamaya kavivara ke mukha se isa adbhuta grantha ko sAmaMta, maNDalika evaM vidvAnoM kI upasthiti meM zravaNa kiyA thA aura vaha bar3A hI Azcaryacakita huA thA / saMskRta meM choTe-bar3e Apake racita granthoM kI saMkhyA 25 hai / anya grantha Apake isa prakAra haiM: - TIkAyeM 19, saMgraha graMtha 1, bAlAvabodha 1, rAsa- caupAI Adi 23, chattIsiyAM 7, desAI 6, rAsa 8 haiM | kavivarane jisa prakAra maulika granthoM kI racanA kI hai, anya kaviyoM dvArA racita granthoM kI usI utsAha se svasta se pratilipiyAM bhI kI hai / nAiTAsaMgraha meM aisI vividha bhAMti kI 14 pratiyAM tathA anyatra prApta 30 pratiyAM vidyamAna hai| Apa dvArA saMzodhita 5 granthoM kI bhI pratiyAM upalabdha haiN| ukta tAlikA se hI sahaja hI meM kavivara kA sAhityAnurAga, gambhIra pANDitya evaM vividha bhASA viSayaka aura viSayaviSayaka jJAna samajhA jA sakatA hai / yaha sAhitya mahArathI jaina vidvAn jagata meM paravarttI mahAvidvAn upA0 yazo
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________________ sAhitya hindI aura hindI jaina sAhitya / . vijayajI ke samAna hI kIrtizAlI aura mahApaNDita huA hai| kavivara kI aparimita racanAoM ko lakSita karake yaha kisIne ThIka hI kahA hai-'samayasundararA gItar3A, rANA kuMbhArA bhiitdd'aa'| kavivarane lagabhaga 60 varSa niraMtara sAhitya kI sAdhanA-upAsanA karake vAGgamaya ko jo samRddha banAyA hai vaha jainakSetra kI hI nahIM, bhAratIya vAGgamaya kI eka adbhuta nidhi hai| racanA udAharaNa jau tUM jaladhara tau hUM morA; jau tU caMda tau hUM cakorA / n0|2| saraNai rAkhi, karaha karama jorA, samayasundara kahai itanA nihorA ni03| pR023. adbhuta bhakti kyoM na bhaye hama mora vimalagiri, kyoM na bhaye hama mora / kyoM na bhaye hama zItala pAnI, sIMcata taruvara chora / ahaniza jinajI ke aMga pakhAlana, tor3ata karama kaThora // vi01|| pR0 77. hari sodara ramaNI surabhI sisu, do milI cihna gharIjaha / samayasuMdara kahai ahanizi unake, pada-paMkaja praNamIjaI // 3 // pR0 97. sUtra siddhAnta vakhANa suNavata, vali vayarAga kI vatiyAM / samayasundara kahai suguru prasAdai, dina-dina bahu daulatiyAM // 2 // pR0 390. Apa ke racita gIta-padAdi se kavi kA rAgajJAna, apabhraMza-hindI-jJAnagAmbhIrya, alaMkAra-kovidatA, chaMda-naipuNya, pada-lAlitya, zabda-sauSThava, zabda-kauzala, bhASA-sAratya, kalpanA-cAturya evaM unake saMgIta-prema-pratimA ke darzana ho jAte haiN| ve jaise jinezvara bhakta haiM, utane hI utkaTa tIrthadarzanAbhilASI aura utane hI guru-bhakta haiN| ye komala kAnta padAvaliyAM kitanI rocaka evaM hRtalasparzI haiM yaha to koI bhI sahaja samajha sakatA hai| Atmagata satyAnubhava kI vedikA para deva-guru-tIrtha ke tribiMba ko pratiSThita karake pUjiye to avazya paramapada kI prApti meM ye bahuta dUra taka prakAza detI rahegI [samayasundara kRti kusumAJjali] vizeSa paricaya ke liye dekhiye 'nAgarIpracAriNI patrikA ' varSa 57 aMka 1 saM0 2009 / pANDe rUpacanda Apa kAvya, vyAkaraNa ke acche vidvAn aura jaina siddhAntoM ke gaMbhIra paMDita the| Apa kavitA bhI acchI karate the| vi. 17 vIM zatAbdI ke vidvAnoM meM Apa kA nAma vizruta thA / Apa kA janma agravAlavaMzIya gargagotra meM bhagavAnadAsa kI dvitIya patnI cAco kI 80
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________________ 634 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-maMtha hindI jaina kukSI se pAMcavAM putra ke rUpa meM rUpacaMda nAma se huA thA / kavivara banArasIdAsajI Apa ke bar3e hI zraddhAlu vyaktiyoM meM the aura ve Apa ke gaMbhIra jJAna se bar3e hI prabhAvita the / pANDejIne 'rUpacandra', 'pacamaMgala pATha', 'neminAtha-rAsa' aura aneka anya padoM kI hindI meM racanA kI hai| 'samavasaraNapATha ' Apa kI saMskRta bhASA kI kRti batalAyI jAtI hai| Apa kI racanAyeM atyanta bhAvapUrNa aura hRttalasparzI haiM / udAharaNa dekhiye para kI saMgati tuma gae, khoI apanI jAti / / ApA-pada na pichAnahUM, rahe pramAdinI mAti // 42 // para saMjogata baMdha hai, para viyogata mokha / cetana para ke milana meM, lAgata haiM bahu doSa // 46 // caitanasauM paracai nahIM, kahA bhaye vratadhAri / sAli vihUne kheta kI, vRthA banAvata vAri // 86 // ruupcndr-shtk| vizeSa paricaya ke liye anekAnta varSa 10/2 agasta 1949 dekhiye / ___ kavivara banArasIdAsa __ Apa kA jIvana vividha bAtoM evaM AzcayoM kA koza hai / Apa tIna bAra vivAhita huye aura nava putroM ke pitA bane; parantu, eka-eka kara ke nauhI putra mahAkAla kI bheMTa huye| bacapana meM Apa naTakhaTa the / yuvAnI meM rasika / pANDe rUpacaMda kA Apake rasika jIvana para gaharA prabhAva par3A / prathama Apane zRMgAra-rasa meM kavitAyeM likhIM; parantu pazcAt Apane apanI samasta zrRMgAra rasa kI racanAoM ko gaumatI meM jala-zaraNa kara dI / zRMgAronmukha ho kara Apa zAntarasa kI ora bar3he aura adhyAtmasthala para apane vaha zAntarasa pravAhinI gaumatI udgamita kI jo hindI jaina sAhitya meM AnaMdaghanagaMgA aura jJAnasAra--yamunA se milakara triveNI tIrtha kI racanA ko pUrNa kara gaI / hindI jaina sAhitya meM AnaMdaghana ucca adhyAtmAnubhava ke nAte 'sUra' haiM Apa 'caMdra' hai aura jJAnasAra 'dhruvatArA' / Apa kI racanA kA udAharaNa dekhiyeH jyoM suvAsa phala-phUla meM, dahI-dadha meM ghIva / pAvaka kATa-pASANa meM, tyoM zarIra meM jIva // (ba0 vilAsa ) samyak satya amogha sata niHsandeha vina dhAra / ThIka yathAtatha ucita tatha mithyA Adi akAra // ( nAmamAlA ) 'samayasAra', 'ardhakathAnaka ', 'banArasI-vilAsa' aura 'nAmamAlA ' Apake ye
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________________ sAhitya hindI aura hindI jaina sAhitya / 635 cAra ucca koTi ke sAhityika graMtha haiM / vizeSa paricaya ke liye, Apa para kaI patroM meM lekha nikala cuke haiM, unheM dekhiye / kavivara bhagavatIdAsa ye kavi bhaiyA bhagavatIdAsa se bhinna haiN| ye bur3iyA jillA ambAlA ke nivAsI agravAlavaMzIya baMsalagotrIya kisanadAsa ke putra the| inake pitA kisanadAsane cAritra grahaNa kara liyA thA / pIche se ye dehalI meM hI jA kara basa gaye the| akabara putra samrAT jahAMgIra usa samaya bhArata kA zAsaka thaa| paM. paramAnaMda jainazAstrI ke lekhAnusAra abhI Apa kI 23 racanAoM kA patA laga cukA hai| ApakI aMtima racanA ' mRgAMkalekhA cariu ' batAyI gaI hai| ApakI racanAoM meM rAsa aura rasaka hI adhika haiN| Apane ukta racanAoM ko alagaalaga sthAnoM para racA haiM, jo racanAoM meM dI gaI prazastiyoM se jJAta hotA hai| racanAyeM prAyaH choTI-choTI haiM; parantu bhASAlAlitya aura bhAvoM kI dRSTi se unakA mahatva kama nahIM kahA jA sktaa| ApakI racanAoM ke nAma dekhane se jIvanagata satya kI ora hamArA sIdhA dhyAna jAtA hai ki dina-rAta prayoga meM AnevAlI vastuyeM bhI hamAre zikSA kI vastu haiM-cUnar3IrAsa, khicar3IrAsa tathA samAdhirAsa, catura banajArA Adi / racanA-sauSThava bhI dekhiye| soraThA-sukha vilasahi paravIna, duHkha dekhahiM te bAvare / miu jala chaMDe mIna, tar3aphi marahi thali reta kaha // vizeSa paricaya ke liye anekAnta varSa 10, 4-5 pR0 207 dekhiye / kavivara jaTamala nAhara vikrama kI satarahavIM zatAbdI meM kavivara jaTamala khar3I bolI ke eka prasiddha kavi ho gaye haiN| Apa ke pitA dharmasI lAhora ke nivAsI the aura ve osavAlavaMzIya nAharagotrIya the| Apa kI ' gorA bAdala kI bAta' sAhitya-kSetra meM bahuta adhika prasiddhi prApta kara cukI hai| isake atirikta Apa dvArA racita 'premalatA caupAI, ' 'lAhora gajala', 'bAvanI' aura 'strI gajala ' kRtiyAM haiM / pahile 2 Apa ke kula evaM janma-sthAna ke viSaya meM hindIvidvAnoM ko pUrA paricaya nahIM mila sakA thA; parantu : priyalatA caupAI ' aura ' lAhoragajala' ke paricaya meM Ane para usakI pUrti hogaI / 'gorA bAdala kI bAta' vIrarasa-pradhAna kAvya hai / yaha rAjasthAnI mizrita hai| bhASA meM oja aura zabda-gAMbhIrya hai / ' gorA bAdala kI bAta' kI kaI pratiyAM bhinna 2 saMvatoM kI likhI huI milI haiM aura unameM pAThAntara athavA pAThabheda bhI kaI sthaloM para milatA hai| parantu phira bhI eka kA udAharaNa dekara unakI bhASA kA oja pAThakoM ke samakSa rakhate haiM:
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________________ 636 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha hindI jaina nArI isa bANI suNI piya kI pagar3I sAtha / satI bhaI ANaMda sau, zivapura daunau hAtha // 23 // xxx gorA bAdala kI kathA, sUrAM adhika suhAya / suNatAM jAgai sUramA, ANaMda aMga na mAya // vizeSa paricaya ke liye dekhiye hindustAnI apraila 1938 pR0 159 / mahAkavi AnaMdaghana Apa kA kAla vidvAn vi. saM. 1680 se vi. saM. 1730 ke madhya meM sthira karate haiM / Apa zvetAmbara aura digaMbara donoM jaina paramparA ke kaviyoM meM sarvazreSTha mAne jAte haiN| Apa kI racanAoM ko jenetara vidvAn bhI hindI-sAhitya kI amUlya ratnarAzi mAnate haiN| Apa kI do kRtiyAM 'AnaMdaghana cauvIsI' rAjasthAnI aura 'AnaMdaghana bahattarI ' hindI prasiddha haiN| adhyAtmajJAna Apa kA bahuta hI gaMmIra aura UMcA thA aura phalataH Apa kI racanAoM meM tattvagAmbhIrya caramatA ko pahuMca gayA hai aura sAdhAraNa puruSa ke liye usakA ThIka 2 artha samajha lenA bar3A hI kaThina ho gayA hai| kaI vidvAn Apa kI kRtiyoM ko sAnuvAda prakAzita karane kA prayAsa kara cuke haiM, parantu abhI taka ve isa dizA meM pUrNa saphalatA prApta nahIM kara sake haiN| Apa ke padyoM kA satyArtha pA jAnA bahuta bar3e anubhavI adhyAtmajJAnI aura bhASA-tattvadarzI kA hI. kArya hai| vaise Apa kI racanAyeM pAnI-sI bar3I sarala pratIta hotI haiM, parantu DubakI lagAne para unakI agAdhatA jJAta hotI hai aura paide taka nahIM jA kara thor3e dUra se hI Upara lauTa AnA hotA hai| AnaMdaghana kA sahI 2 paricaya bhI abhItaka prApta nahIM ho sakA hai| jainetara vidvAn AnaMdaghana ko bhaktakavi ke rUpa meM svIkAra karate haiM aura jaina vidvAn unako jinabhakta kahate haiN| isameM to koI zaMkA nahIM ki ve jaina matAnuyAyI the| jinezvara ke prati ve zramaNa-bhakta the| kucha unakI racanAoM ke udAharaNa dekhiye RSabha jinezvara prItama mAharo re ora na cAhUM re kaMta / rIjhyo sAhiba saMga na parihare re bhAMge sAdi anaMta // prIta-sagAi re jaga mAMhe sahu kare re prIta-sagAI na koya / prIta sagAI re nirupAdhika kahI re sopAdhika dhana khoya // RSabha-sta.
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________________ sAhitya hindI aura hindI jaina sAhitya | 637 aba hama amara bhaye na mareMge / yA kAraNa midhyAta diyo taja, kyUM kara deha dhareMge / rAga-dosa jagabaMdha karata haiM, inako nAsa kareMge | mayo anaMta kAlateM prANI so hama kAla hareMge / deha vinAsI hUM avinAsI apanI gati pakareMge || maryo anaMta bAra bina samajyo, aba sukha-duHkha bisareMge / AnaMdaghana nipaTa nikaTa acchara ho, nahiM samare so mareMge || bahottarI || AnaMdaghana cauvIsI aura bahottarI kI eka-eka racanA anUThI hai| unameM sUra-sA majA aura tulasI - sA pANDitya hai / hindI jaina sAhityAkAza meM AnaMdaghana sUrya ke samAna bhAsita hai / sthAnAbhAva se yahAM adhika kahane ko to hama svataMtra nahIM aura thor3A kahane se kalama ko saMtoSa nahIM / isa dvidhA meM hama par3a kara itanA hI hama kahanA cAhate haiM ki AnaMdaghana kI bhASA sarala, para bhAva gaMbhIra haiM; unakA hRdaya sarala, para jJAnagaMbhIra hai aura unakA mastiSka sarala, para tattva gaMbhIra hai| AnaMdaghana ko samajhane ke liye carama cakSu apekSita nahIM, varan antaradRSTi cAhie | vizeSa paricaya ke liye ' ghana AnaMda' aura 'AnaMdaghana' nAmaka pustaka par3hiye / upAdhyAya yazovijayajI Apa vikramI 17 - 18 zatAbdI ke vidvAnoM meM sarvazreSTha kavi aura granthakAra I saMskRta, prAkRta aura gUrjara tathA hindI cAroM bhASAoM ke Apa prakANDa paNDita the / Apake viSaya meM kiMvadantI prasiddha hai ki Apane lagabhaga 500 granthoM kI racanA kI hai / lagabhaga 100 granthoM kI racanA karane kI bAta to prAya sabhI jaina vidvAnoMne mAna- sI lI hai| ApakA janma vi.saM. 1680 ke lagabhaga huA batAyA jAtA hai / vi. saM. 1743 meM svargavAsa huaa| Apane ' adhyAtmamataparIkSA' svopajJaTIkAsahita zloka 4000 pramANa, 'aSTasahasrI. vivaraNa ' zloka 7550 pramANa, karmaprakRti TIkA ' zloka 13000 pramANa, dvAtriMzata dvAtriMzikA ' zlo0 5550 pramANa, 'vIrastava svopajJaTIkAsahita lo0 12000 pramANa, ' pratimAzataka ' svopajJaTIkAsahita zlo0 6000 pramANa, 'vairAgyakalpalatA ' zlo0 6750 pramANa, ' syAdvAdakalpalatA ' zlo0 13000 pramANa prabhRti aneka bar3e 2 graMtha saMskRta, prAkRta, gUrjara meM race haiM / hindI para bhI ApakA asAdhAraNa adhikAra thA jo nimna udAharaNoM se spaSTa hai / ( gUrjara sAhitya saMgraha se ) 6
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________________ 68 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha sayana kI nayana kI bayana kI chabI nIkI, mayana kI gorI takI lagI mohi aviyAM ( 1 ) mana kI laganI bhara aganIsI lAge alI ! kala na parata kachu kahA~ kahu~ batiyA / sa0 1 / pR0 139 horI gIta hindI jaina ayaso dAva mIlyorI, lAla kayuM na khelata horI / mAnava janama amola jagata meM, so bahu puNye lahyorI // aba to dhAra (khela) adhyAtma zailI ( holI ), Ayu ghaTata thorI thorI // vRthA nita viSaya ThagorI / ayaso0 1 1 samatA suraMga suruci picakArI, jJAna gulAla sajorI / jaTapaTa kumati kulaTA grahI, halImalI zithila karorI || sadA ghaTa phAga racorI / ayaso0 2 zama dama sAja bajAya sughaTa nara, prabhu guna gAya nacorI | sujasa gulAla sugaMdha pasAro, nirguNa dhyAna dharorI // kahA alamasta parorI / ayaso0 3 / pR. 177. upAdhyAyajI kA adhyAtmajJAna bahuta hI UMcA thA / usako unhoMne saMbhoga - zRMgAra meM se le jA kara kaisA Upara uThAyA hai / upAdhyAyajI kA anubhava vyApaka aura gaMbhIra thA / unakI racanAyeM sAdhAraNa jIvana ko adhika sparza karanevAlI haiM / sIdhe sAdhe zabdoM meM paricita vastu ko sAdhana rUpa banA kara gUr3ha tattva kI bAta kahanA unake liye ati sarala thA / horI - gIta se unhoMne kisa sIdhe r3haMga se eka mahAn AdhyAtmika bhAva ko jana-sAdhAraNa ke samajhane yogya sugama banA diyA hai / vizeSa paricaya ke liye ' gUrjara sAhitya saMgraha prathama vibhAga' ko dekhiye | bhaiyA bhagavatIdAsajI Apa aThArahavIM zatAbdI ke nAmAMkita kavi ho gaye haiN| AgarAnivAsI prasiddha vyApArI osavAlajJAtIya kaTAriyAgotrIya zreSThI lAlajI ke Apa putra the / Apane sahasrAdhika padya likhe haiM / ' brahmavilAsa ' nAmaka ApakI kavitAoM kA saMgraha hai / ' puNyapaccIsikA', ' zataaSTottarI, paJcendriyasaMvAda, kupatha - supatha - pacIsikA', 'IzvaranirNaya - paccIsI, ' paramArtha-pa -pada- paMkti, ' 'mana batrIsI', 'cetana karma - caritra', * anitya - paMcaviMzatikA' Adi 96 "
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________________ sAhitya hindI aura hindI jaina sAhitya | 639 aneka zIrSakoM se Apa ke padya racita haiM / Apa kI kavitAoM meM hitopadeza aura UMcI zikSAyeM haiM / Apa dvArA racita adhyAtmapada ati hI rocaka aura prabhAvaka haiM / Apa kI racanAoM meM saMtavANI hai, sarala aura sahaja bhASA hai tathA mokSamArga kI pagadaNDI kI spaSTa sIdhI rekhA hai / udAharaNa dekhiye zuddhi teM mIna, piye paya bAlaka, rAsama aMga vibhUti lagAye / rAma kahe zuka dhyAna gahe baka, bher3a tire puni muNDa muMDAye // vastra vinA pazu, vyoma cale khaga, vyAla tire nita pauna ke khAye / ye to savai jaDa roti vicakSana, mokSa nahIM vina tatva ke pAye || vizeSa paricaya ke liye dekhiye vIra-vANI varSa 5, 4-5 agasta 1951 / dIpacaMda zAha Apa kI jJAti khaNDelavAla aura gotra kAsalIvAla thA / pahile sAMgAnera meM rahate the / pIche Amera meM jA base / Apa digambara teraipantha ke anuyAyI the / AdhyAtma Apa kA priya viSaya thA / Apa kI gadya racanAyeM vizeSa rUpa se ullekhanIya haiM / ' anubhavaprakAza', 'cidvilAsa, ' AtmAvalokana, 'paramAtmapurANa,' gadya meM haiM aura 'jJAnadarpaNa, "sparUpAnaMda' aura ' upadezaratnamAlA' padya meM haiN| 'cidvilAsa' kA racanAkAla saM0 1779 hai / bhASA dvAr3I aura hindI mizrita hai| Apa kI racanAoM kA vizeSa paricaya anekAnta varSa 13, pR0 113 meM dekhanA cAhie gadya kA eka udAhaNa nIce diyA jAtA hai / / ' jaise vAnara eka kAMkarA ke par3e rauve, taiseM yAke deha kA eka aMga bhI chIjai to bahuterA rovai / ye mere aura maiM inakA jhUTha hI aimaiM jar3ana ke sevanateM sukha maaneN| apanI zivanagarI kA rAjya bhUlyA, jo zrI guru ke kahe zivapurI ko saMbhAle, tau vahAM kA Apa cetana rAjA avinAzI rAjya kare / ' kavivara dyAnatarAya Apa kA janma AgarA meM saM0 1733 meM agravAlavaMza ke goyala gotra meM huA thA / Apa ke pitA kA nAma zyAmadAsa thA / Apa ke pitA kA dehAnta saM. 1742 meM hI ho gayA aura Apa usa samaya bAlaka ho the / deva ke Age kisa kA bala ! jainadharma ke premI vihAralAla aura zAha mAnasiMha se Apa kA 13 varSa kI vaya meM paricaya huA / una dinoM meM AgarA meM dharma kI bar3I carcAyeM hotI rahatI thiiN| Apa ukta donoM dharmAnurAgI sajjanoM kI satsaMga se vidyAnurAga kI ora bar3he aura saMskRta - prAkRta kA Apane acchA abhyAsa kiyA /
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________________ 640 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-bhAraka-praya hindI jaina dhIre 2 Apa AgarA ke nAmAGkita vidvAnoM meM gine jAne lge| vi. saM. 1752 meM Apane 'subodhapaMcAsikA' nAma kI kavitA likha kara pUrNa kii| Apa ko AdhyAtma rasa se bar3A prema thA / ApakI racanAoM meM AdhyAtma-jJAna bahuta hI UMce stara para hai / ' AgamavilAsa' nAma ke saMgraha-graMtha meM 152 savaiyA haiM, jina meM saiddhAntika viSayoM kA varNana hai| anya choTI-choTI 52 racanAyeM aura haiN| pratimAbahattarI, vidyut corakathA, sanatkumAra kathA Adi / inake atirikta UMkArAdika 52 aura 64 varNa, dvAdazAGga, jJAna-paccIsI, jinapUjanASTaka, gaNadhara AratI, kAlASTaka, 46 guNa jaimAlA Adi 45 viSayaka racanAyeM isa saMgraha meM ApakI racanAoM meM saMkalita haiM / bhAvagAmbhIrya aura sAralya dekhiye: sAdho ! chAMge viSaya vikArI, jAtaitohi mahAdukhabhArI / jo jainadharma ko dhyAvai, so AtmIka sukha pAvai // 1 // jau tajai viSaya kI AsA, dyAnata pAvai zivavAsA / yaha sataguru sIkha batAI, kAhU virale jiya AI // 8 // vizeSa paricaya ke liye dekhiye anekAnta varSa 11 / 4-5 jUna-julAI 1952 / kavivara bhUdharadAsa Apa AgarA ke nivAsI the aura jJAti se khaNDelavAla the / Apa acche kavi the aura ApakI sarasa kavitAoM se loga bar3e mugdha hote the| mitroM ke atyAgraha se Apane vi. saM. 1781 pauSa kRSNa 13 ko Apane 'jainazataka' nAma graMtha likhakara samApta kiyaa| Apa kI abhItaka sAhitya-saMsAra ke paricaya meM tIna kRtiyAM AI haiM ___ jinazataka, ' ' padasaMgraha ' aura ' pArzvapurANa' / kavivara bhUdharadAsa Ucca koTi ke sUktiyoM ke liye bhI adhika prasiddha haiN| Apa ke ' padasaMgraha ' nAmaka saMgraha meM vividha pada haiM jo sarasa, rocaka aura ati zikSAprada haiN| Apa kI racanAoM ke udAharaNa dekhiye nayA carakhalA raMgA caMgA saba kA citta curAvai / palaTA varana gaye guna agale, aba dekhe nahiM Avai / / moTA mahIM kAta kara bhAI, kara apanA surajherA / aMta AgameM iMdhana hogA, bhUdhara samajha saberA // x teja turaMga, suraMga bhale stha, matta mataMga utaMga khare hii| dAsa, khabAsa, avAsa aTA, dhana jora karorana koza bhare hI //
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________________ sAhitya hindI aura hindI jaina sAhitya | aise bar3he to kahA bhayo nara, chori cale uThi anta chare hI / dhAma khare rahe, kAma pare rahe, dAma Dare rahe, ThAma ghare hI // anuprAsa - lAlitya adbhuta hai aura bhAva naisargika / vizeSa paricaya ke liye anekAnta varSa 12 / 10 mArca 1954 dekhiye / 641 kanakakuzala aura kuMarakuzala tapAgacchIya kanakakuzala vihAra karate hue kaccha meM pdhaare| kaccha-nareza dezala ke putra lakhapatane inako gurUrUpa meM svIkAra kiyA / rAula lakhapatane ApakI tattvAvadhAnatA meM vrajabhASA kI zikSA evaM chanda aura kAvyoM ke adhyayana ke artha eka vidyAlaya saMsthApita kiyA / ApakI paramparA meM huye jIvanakuzala kI adhyakSatA meM vi. saM. 1932 meM yaha vidyA. laya cala rahA thA jisakA ullekha kezavajI dvivedIracita kaccha ke itihAsa se milatA hai / kuMarakuzala kanakakuzala ke yogya ziSya the / kanakakuzalane rAula lakhapata ke lie 'lakhapata - maJjarI nAmamAlA' nAmaka 202 padyoM kA graMtha likhA hai| isameM bhujanagara aura mahArAjA kA varNana 102 padyoM meM tathA zeSa padyoM meM nAmamAlA hai| kuMara kuzalane 'lakhapata - maJjarI nAmamAlA ' nAma kA hI phira dUsarA grantha likhA hai / pratIta hotA hai pahalI nAmamAlA saMkSipta rahI hai, ataH dUsarI usako pUrNa karane kI dRSTi se aura likhI gaI / kuMarakuzala ke race hue alaMkAra viSayaka graMtha 'lakhapata jasasiMdhu', 'pArasAtanAmamAlA ' nAmaka pArasI - traja-koSa tathA ' lakhapatapiMgala ' aura ' gaur3apiMgala ' nAmaka grantha haiM / jaina vidvAnoM kI yaha vraja - sevA brajamaNDala se sudUra kaccha-bhuja pradeza meM kama mahattva kI nahIM hai / inakA racanA - kAla saM. 1774 se 1821 hai arthAt vi. 18-19 vIM zatAbdI / vizeSa paricaya ke liye 'jIvanasAhitya' aMka pharavarI, mArca, jUna 1953 meM dekhiye / paM0 daulatarAma kAsalIvAla Apa vi. zatAbdI 18-19 vIM meM huye haiM / Apa jayapura - rAjyAntargata vasavA grAmanivAsI AnandarAmajI ke putra the / Apa ko jaina purANoM kA gaMbhIra abhyAsa thA aura Apa ucca zreNI ke TIkAkAra kahe jAte haiN| Apa para paM0 bhUdharadAsajI kI AdhyAtmika saralatA evaM vidvattA kA gaharA prabhAva par3A thA / yaha Apane svayaM apanI kRtiyoM meM svIkAra kiyA hai / Apa udayapura mahArANA jagatasiMhajI dvitIya ke samaya meM jayapura nareza kI ora se udayapura meM vakIla ke pada para ArUr3ha the| Apane 'puNyAkhava kathAkoSa ' kI TIkA vi0 saM0 81
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________________ 642 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha hindI jaina 1777 meM likha kara samApta kii| saM0 1798 meM Apane adhyAtmavArahakhar3I' likhii| Apane vasunandIkRta 'upAsakAdhyayana' kI eka TabbA TIkA bhI likhI hai| Apane apanI kRtiyoM meM udayapurakA acchA varNana diyA hai / nIce ke udAharaNa meM ApakA bhASA-sArasya dekhiye udayapura meM kiyau bakhAna, daulatarAma Anandasuta jAna / vAMcyo zrAvaka vRtta vicAra, vasunandI gAthA avikAra // bole seTha belajI nAma, suta nRpamaMtrI daulatarAma / TavA hoya jo gAthA tano, puNya upajai jiyako ghano // suni ke daulata baina subaina, manabhari gAyo mAraga jaina / TabA TIkA prazasti / vizeSa paricaya ke liye dekhiye anekAnta varSa 10/1 julAI 1991 / paM0 ToDaramalajI Apa jayapura ke rahanevAle the / inake pitA kA nAma jogIdAsa khaNDelagala thA aura mAtA kA nAma ramAdevI thA / Apake haricaMda aura gumAnIrAma nAma ke do putra the / hindIsAhitya ke digambara jaina vidvAnoM meM Apa kA hindI-gadya-lekhaka ke rUpa meM bahuta UMcA sthAna hai| Apa kA AdhyAtmajJAna bahuta hI UMcA thaa| atirikta isake Apa vyAkaraNa, sAhitya, siddhAnta evaM darzana-zAstroM ke bhI pUrNa paMDita the| Apa kI kRtiyoM kI bhASA DhUr3hAr3I-brajamizrita hai; parantu usameM Apa ke gaMbhIra pANDitya evaM lekhana-kauzala ke spaSTa darzana hote hai| Apa kA svabhAva bar3A hI sarala thA aura hRdaya bar3A hI komala thA aura vaisA hI sAdA Apa kA rahana-sahana thA / Apa ke ghara para sadA vidyA-vyasaniyoM kA jamaghaTa lagA hI rahatA thA aura Apa bhI unako bar3e prema se vidyAdAna dete the| Apane jayapura gumAna-paMtha kI sthApanA kI thii| abhI bhI gumAna-paMtha kA jaina maMdira jayapura meM banA huA hai| isI maMdira meM Apa kA sAhitya bhaNDAra bhI hai, jisa meM Apa ke sabhI graMthoM kI svahastalikhita pratiyAM surakSita haiM / Apa kI nau racanAyeM isa prakAra haiM:-1 ' gommaTasArajIvakAMDa TIkA,' 2 'gommaTasArakarmakANDa TIkA, ' 3 ' labdhisAra-kSapaNakasAra TIkA,' 4 * trilokasAra TIkA,' 5 'AtmAnuzAsana TIkA, '6 puruSArthasiddhayUpAya TIkA, ' 7 ' arthasaMdRSTi adhikAra,' 8 ' rahasyapUrNaciTThI, ' aura ' mokSamArgaprakAzaka ' / Apa kA racanA-kAla vi. saM. 1811 se 1824 paryaMta mAnA jAtA hai| vizeSa paricaya ke liye vIra-vANI-ToDaramalAGka varSa 1 / 19-20-21 pharavarI 1948 dekhiye /
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________________ sAhitya hindI aura hindI jaina sAhitya / bundelakhaNDI kavivara devIdAsa Apa orachA sTeTa ke dugaur3A ke nivAsI the| ApakI jJAti golAlAre aura ApakA gotra kAsilla thaa| Apake pUrvaja bhadAvara prAnta ke ' kelagavAM' grAma se Akara vahAM vase the / Apa jaise prAkRta-saMskRta ke vidvAn the, vaise hindI ke bhI the| ApakI racanAyeM bhaktirasapUrNa aura AdhyAtmika haiN| Apako jIvana meM bar3e kaTu anubhava aura duHkha sahana karane par3e the| Apake laghu mAtA navalA kA vivAha nizcita ho cukA thaa| donoM prAtA vivAha ke nimitta sAmagrI kA kraya karane ke liye lalitapura jA rahe the / mArga meM zera se bheMTa ho gaI aura vivAhArthI navala zera kA AhAra bana gayA / ApakA yaha padya kitanA hRdaya-drAvaka hai: bAMkarI karamagati jAya na kahI, mAM bAkarI karamagati jAya na khii| cintata aura banata kucha aurahi, honahAra so hoya sahI // 'caturvinzati jinapUjA' aura 'devIdAsavilAsa' nAmaka Apa dvArA racita do grantha abhI paricaya meM Aye haiN| jinapUjA grantha kA kAla kavine svayaM saM0 1821 zrA. zu. 1 ravivAra diyA hai| inakI kavitAyeM tattvadarzI evaM bhAvapUrNa haiN| vizeSa paricaya ke liye anekAnta varSa 11, 7-8 sitambara-akTUbara 1952 dekhiye| mahAkavi jJAnasAra bIkAnera-rAjya ke jegalevAsa nAmaka grAma meM osavAlajJAtIya zreSThi udayacaMda kI dharma-patnI jIvaNadevI kI kukSI se vi. saM. 1801 meM Apa kA janma huA thaa| vi. saM. 1821 meM zrImad jinalAbhasUrijI ke kara-kamaloM se Apane jaina bhAgavatI dIkSA grahaNa kI thii| Apa bar3e hI AdhyAtmika puruSa the / Apa kA Ayurveda kA jJAna bhI bar3A gaMbhIra thA / Apane aneka pada, gIta, stavana, cauvIsI, vIsI, chattIsI, bahottarI, bAlAvabodha race haiN| ApakA racanAkAla vi. saM. 1849 se 1885 paryaMta pratIta hotA hai| Apa kI racanAoM meM madhuratA, saralatA aura anubhavagata satya kA pravAha hai / ApakI racanAoM para AnaMdaghana kA prabhAva hai| Apa zve. hindI kavioM meM sarvazreSTha haiN| Apa kI racanA kA udAharaNa dekhiye: prItama ! patiyAM kauna paDhAvai / vIra viveka mIta anubhau ghara, tuma bina kabahuM na Avai / gharano chaiyo gharaTI cATai, per3A par3osaNa khAvai / kabahuM na mujharo ghara gharaNIno, para ghara raina vihAve /
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________________ 644 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka - graMtha e saba saMdeze likha kAgada, anubhau hAtha bacAvai / jJAnasAra ete para nAvata, tau kahA roya batAvai // pR0 50 / X hindI jaina X X saMto ghara meM hota lar3AI, kauna chur3Avai AI / saM0 / gharakI kahai mero ghara nAhIM, para kIyA kahe merau / mero mero kara kara mAratho, karathau jagata ko cero // saM0 / 1 / suranara paMDita dekhe saba hI, kauna chur3Avai AI / jhagar3AvAlA Apa hI samajhe, bAMdha chor3a unamAMhi // saM0 / 2 / miTa gayA pherA, huyA surajherA, AdhyAtma pada cInA / kevala kamalArasa saba saMge, jJAnasAra pada lInA / / saM0 / 3 / pR0 64, sarala zabdoM meM gUr3ha tatra ko rakhadenA Apa ke liye kitanA sarala thA / yaha uparokta padyAMzoM para jAnA jA sakatA hai / Apa kA AgamajJAna gaMbhIra thA / bhASA ke Apa bahuta bar3e marmadarzI aura tIvra - Alocaka the / AdhyAtmajJAna kA Apa kA stara jaina sAhityAkAza meM niHsandeha bahuta Upara uThA huA thA / sAhityAkAza kA yaha dhruvatArA anantakAlaparyaMta nivir3a ghoramapUrNA nizA meM bhavasAgara kI lahara-lahara para pratibiMbita rahegA aura mArga sujhAtA rahegA / chaMda, caupAI kI samAlocanA Apa kI advitIya AlocanAtmaka racanA hai / Apa ke dohe Adi bar3e TakazAlI haiN| Apa kI prApya racanAyeM saMkalita kI jA kara " jJAnasAra graMthAvalI' nAsa se mudrita ho cukI hai aura zIghra hI prakAza meM AnevAlI hai / vizeSa athavA pUrNa paricaya ke liye pAThaka ukta kRti ko dekhiyegA / kavivara budhajana Apa jayapura nivAsI khaNDelavAlavaMzIya bajagotrIya zreSThI nihAlacaMdajI ke tRtIya putra the ! Apa kA racanA - kAla vi. saM. 1859 se 1889 rahA hai / vi. saM. 1859 meM Apane budhajanavilAsa ' kI racanA kI / racanA - saMvat Apane graMtha meM isa prakAra aMkita kiyA haiThAraha sau paMcAsa adhika nava saMvata jAno / ' tIja zukla baizAkha dAla SaT zubha upajAnoM // vi. saM. 1879 meM Apane ' budhajana satasaI' likha kara samApta kI tathA vi. saM. 1889 meM ' tattvArthabodha' nAmaka Apane tRtIya graMtha likhA / hindI bhASA kI dRSTi se ApakI racanAyeM praur3ha hindI meM hotI thiiN| udAharaNa dekhiye -
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________________ 645 sAhitya hindI aura hindI jaina sAhitya / durjana sajana hota nahiM rAkho tIratha vAsa / melo kyoM na kapUra meM hIMga na hoya suvAsa // duSTa kahI suni cupa raho, bolai hai hai hAna / bhATA mArai kIca meM, chIMTe lAgai Ana // (budhajana satasaI ) jarai, mare, phaTai, parai, nava jIranatA vAni / jarai marai nahiM jIva ye, duHkhI parAI hAni // jo narabhava samakita gahai, tA mahimA suraloya / jo ajAna viSayAgamana, bRhe sAgara soya // ( tattvArthavodha ) inake padyoM meM rahIma aura tulasI kI sI sahajatA aura svAbhAvikatA hai / vizeSa paricaya ke liye anekAnta varSa 11-6 agasta 1952 dekhiye / paM0 sadAsukhadAsa DeDakA Apa jayapuranivAsI kAsalIvAla dulIcanda ke putra the / vIsavIM zatAbdI ke prasiddha hindI sAhityakAroM meM Apa bhI vizeSataH vizruta the / Apa kI aneka gadya-hindI TIkAyeM prasiddha haiN| 1 ' tattvArthasUtravacanikA', 2 'nATaka samayasAra', 3 'akalaMkASTakavacanikA', 4 ' ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra', 5 ' mRtyumahotsava', aura 6 'nityaniyama pUjA' prasiddha kRtiyAM evaM TIkAyeM haiM / ApakA racanA-kAla vi. saM. 1906-21 hai| Apa digambara terahapaMthaAmnAya ke anuyAyI the| Apa kisI rAjakIya saMsthA meM mAsika vetana rU0 8 yA rU. 10 para kArya karate the aura isa alpa Aya para bhI Apa ko pUrNa saMtoSa thaa| Apa apanA avakAza zAstra-svAdhyAya, tattvacintana evaM TIkAdi karane meM hI vyatIta karate the| Apake eka ziSya paM0 pArasadAsajI nigotyAne apanI 'jJAnasUryodayanATaka ' kI TIkA meM ApakA jo paricaya diyA hai, usase Apa kI mahAnatA, vidvattA, samAna-hitecchukatA kA pUrA paricaya milatA hai| Apa Adhunika hindI-kAla ke jaina vidvAnoM meM agragaNya vidvAn huye haiM / vizeSa paricaya ke liye zrI kAmatAprasAdaracita ' hindI jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa' aura anekAnta varSa 10 / 7-8 janavarI-pharavarI 1950 dekhiye / / yogIrAja cidAnandajI yadyapi Apako svargavAsI huye lagabhaga 100 varSa hI huye haiN| parantu duHkha hai isa saMtavANI ke dhanI yogIrAja ke vyaktigata jIvana, kula ziSya-saMtati ke saMbaMdha meM abhI kucha bhI jJAta nahIM ho sakA hai| ApakI racanAoM meM eka sthala para vi. saM. 1905 ullikhita
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________________ 646 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha hindI jaina milatA hai-isa para hI ApakA samaya 20 vIM zatAbdI ke pUrvArddha ke bhI prAraMbhika varSoM kA mAnA jA sakatA hai / bIkAnera ke eka svargavAsI zrIpUjya se itanA avazya jJAta ho sakA hai ki Apa kharataragacchIya the / cidAnanda inakA AdhyAtmika sAdhanA ke samaya para dhAraNa kiyA huA upanAma hai| tapAgacchIya muni karpUravijayane ApakI samasta prApta kRtiyoM kA saMgraha 'cidAnanda sarvasaMgraha ' nAma se prakAzita kiyA hai| Apake padoM meM mAdhurya, kAnta padAvalI aura prasAdaguNasaMyukta eka avirala dhArA bahatI hai| prakAzita 'cidAnaMda sarvasaMgraha' meM 'svarodaya', 'pudgalagItA', 'bAvanI', 'dayAchattIsI', ' praznottararatnamAlA ', ' pada bahattarI', aura 'AdhyAtmavAvanI' racanAyeM haiM / Apa Adhunika hindI-kAla ke jaina kaviyoM meM AdhyAtmika racanAoM kI dRSTi se UMcA sthAna rakhate haiM / ApakI racanAoM kA udAharaNa dekhiyeH (rAga-malhAra ) dhyAnaghaTAghana chAye, su dekho bhAi ! dhyAnaghaTAghana chAye, e AMkaNI. dama dAminI damakati dahadisa ati, anahada garaja sunAye / su0 / 1 / moTI moTI buMda girata vasudhA zuci, prema parama jara lAye / su0 / 2 / cidAnanda cAtaka ati talasata, zuddha sudhAjala pAye / su0|3| zrI cidAnaMdajIkRta -- sarvasaMgraha ' pR0 73 vizeSa paricaya ke liye dekhiye 'sarvasaMgraha' aura vIravANI varSa 2.-11 san 1948. kavivara jJAnAnaMda lagabhaga 70 varSa pUrva Apa ke saMyamataraMga' aura 'jJAnavilAsa' do pada-saMgraha 'yazavilAsa aura vinayavilAsa' ke pada-saMgrahoM ke sAtha 2 nikale the / usakI dvitIyAvRtti meM (saM0 1978 ) bhImasI mANekane " jJAnavilAsa paM0 jJAnasArakRta hai " zabdoM dvArA jJAnAnaMdajI ko hI jJAnasAra mAna liyA thaa| aura premIjI Adine usIke AdhAra se ina padoM ke racayitA ke rUpa meM jJAnasArajI kA paricaya diyA thA; para vAstava meM ye jJAnasAra hI bhinna the / Apa ke padoM ke aMta tathA madhya cAritranaMdI va jJAnAnaMda nAma prayukta haiM / khoja karane para kharataragaccha ke jinarAjasUri (dvitIya) kI zAkhA ke caritranaMdi ke kaI graMtha prApta huye haiN| banArasa meM inakA upAzraya thaa| jJAnAnaMda unhIM ke ziSya the / cAritranaMdi kI racanA saM0 1889 saM0 1903 taka kI prApta hai / ataH jJAnAnaMdajI kA samaya bhI isI ke AsapAsa hai / Apa ke racita kucha padoM ke saMgraha kI prati saMvat 1914 meM likhita prApta hone se yaha samaya hI Apa kA mAnya hai| dekho, jaina satyaprakAza, varSa 4, aM. 12.
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________________ hindI aura hindI jaina sAhitya | kavivara pramodarucijI Apa kA janma bhiMDara (mevAr3a) meM vi. saM. 1896 ke kArtika su0 5 ke dina brAhmaNajJAtIya zivadattajI kI dharmapatnI menAbAI se huA thA / saM. 1913 meM bhiMDara meM hI amararuci nAmake yatijI ke pAsa yatidIkSA lii| pazcAt vi. saM. 1925 ke A. va. 10 ke dina jAvarA meM zrImadvijayarAjendrasUrijI ma. ke pAsa kriyoddhAra kara dIkSopasaMpat grahaNa kii| vi. saM. 1938 ke A. kR. caturdazI ke dina bAMgaroda meM Apa kA svargavAsa huA / Apa suyogya kavi the | Apane samaya-samaya para vividha racanAaiM kI haiM, jo prAyaH saba 'prabhu stavana sudhAkara' ke dvitIya bhAga meM mudrita ho cukI haiN| 1 Apa kI racanA kA udAharaNa dekhiye : sAhitya 647 upazama rasa jala raMga banAU~, jJAna gulAla aNAUM / paMcamahAvrata mitra bulAUM, nava koTI vAr3I jur3AUM // dayA pakavAna maMgAUM // pR. 462 upazamarasa jala aMga pakhAle, saMyama vastra dharAyA re / dhyAna zukla mana dhyAyA re // pR. 474 upazama kuMkuma akSata saradhA, mukti phala lahI bAlA re / rucipramoda vadhAve gAve, pAve maMgalamAlA re / / pR. 489 sohana siMgAra saji ati sundara, hAtha gahI samatA kI thArI // pyArI // bhAva vizAla saguNa muktAphala, leha calI guruvaMdana zIla jhAMjhara jhaMkAra huo jaba, bhAga gaI kuzoka ghutArI // ' sUrirAjendra ' ke pAMva paDI taba, dUra bhaI duragati kI vArI // pR. 478 eka bAta ko kaI bhAMti se varNita karane kI inakI sarala sarasa bhASA evaM padoM meM rahI bhAvabharI svAbhAvikatA inake dharmarasa bhIge mAnasa kA spaSTa paricaya karAtI hai / upasaMhAra jaina hindI - sAhitya kI vividhatA ke sAtha usakI dI gaI vizeSatAyeM bhI kama prakAzanIya nahI haiN| eka bAta jo pahile kahanI hai vaha yahI hai ki jo prAkRta meM kahA gayA thA, athavA likhA gayA thA, vaha hI apabhraMza meM, vaha hI saMskRta meM avatarita huA aura vaha hI Adhunika upara varNita loka bhASAoM meM jaina vidvAn Agama se bAhara paira nahIM rakhatA, isa liye nahIM ki usakA yaha hI svabhAva ho gayA hai athavA apane Agama kA 1
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________________ 648 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pratha hindI jaina vaha pakSa karatA hai, lekina usake Agama meM anubhavagata satya hai aura usakA kartavya hai ki jisa-jisa yuga meM jo-jo bhASA jana-sAdhAraNa athavA sAhitya kI banatI jAya vaha usausa bhASA meM apane punIta siddhAntoM ko, saMdeza aura vicAroM ko uddharita karatA rahe, pustakArUr3ha karatA rahe aura unakA pracAra karatA rahe / hindI jaina sAhitya kA anuzIlana hI hamAre ukta kathana kI prAmANikatA eka mAtra karA sakatA hai| upara nibaMdha meM hindI jaina graMthoM kI jo nAmAvalI athavA vizeSa paricaya meM unake kartA ke sAtha jo unakA nAmollekha huA hai, graMtha-nAma se hI unakA Agama-anusArI honA pratIta hotA hai| jaina sAhitya, hindI athavA kisI bhI bhASA meM ho, kabhI AkramaNakArI ko utsAha nahIM detA, zRMgArapriya logoM kI kAmavAsanAoM ko uttejita nahIM karatA, eka jIva ko dUsare jIva se DarAne kA pATha nahIM sikhAtA, prANI ko prANI ke prati ghRNA aura jugupsA kI ora AkRSTa nahIM karatA, dhanasaMcaya aura vaibhava-rakSA ko abhipreta nahIM batAtA, hiMsaka pravRttiyoM ko nahIM ubhAratA / yaha sikhAtA hai prANI-prANI meM prema karanA, tyAga-bhAvanA rakhanA, vaibhava aura aiza se dUra rahanA, aparigrahI bananA, ahiMsA kA sarva sthitiyoM meM prANa-praNa se pAlana karanA / saMkSepa meM kaha deM vaha Atma-pratIti sikhAtA hai, Atmadarzana kA mArga batAtA hai, puruSa ko puruSArtha sikhAtA hai, puruSa svayaM ko apane bhAgya kA nirmAtA batAtA hai| vaha Izvara para puruSa ko Azrita nahIM hone detA / vaha kahatA hai-jaisA karoge vaisA bhroge| AtmA ananta vIryazAlI hai, anaMta jJAnI hai, usako samajho aura apane karmoM kI nirjharA kro| AtmA paramAtmA bana sakatI hai| sarva jIvoM meM AtmA samAna hai / prANI mAtra para dayA kro| vanaspati taka meM aura pRthvI, vAyu, apa, teja meM bhI jIvAtmA hai / vyartha kisI ko nahIM staao| tuma saba se kisI-na-kisI apekSA se saMbaMdhita ho| yaha hai jaina syAdvAda, anekAntamata, jisa para jaina dharma aura usake sAhitya kI nIMva gaharI lagI huI hai| jaina dharma kI zikSAyeM zAnti kI poSaka haiM, zAnti kI hI sthApanA karanevAlI haiM, zAnti kA pATha par3hAnevAlI haiN| vaha hiMsaka-krAnti aura saMhAra kA virodha karanevAlA hai| ataH hindI jaina sAhitya jo itanA sarasa hai, usakI sarasatA kA, usakI upAdeyatA kA, usakI lokahitakAriNI sthiti kA eka mAtra kAraNa hai ki vahA~ usameM zAnta-rasa kI hI sadA bahanevAlI gaMgA pravAhita rahatI hai| asthira manovegoM, anumAna aura caMcala kalpanAoM para pala-pala meM badalanevAle asthira rasoM kA vahA~ prabhAva hI nahIM jamatA aura vaha nahIM-sA hI milegaa| uparokta kathana se yaha tAtparya nahIM lenA cAhie ki jaina hindI sAhitya meM eka zAnta-rasa kA hI bhAva hai aura anya rasoM kA abhAva / jaina hindI-vidvAnoM ne jo kathA,
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________________ sAhitya hindI aura hindI jaina sAhitya / rAsa, vArtA, AkhyAyikAeM, nATaka, caMpU Adi likhe haiM, ve jainakSetra athavA jainavRtta se hI saMbaMdhita haiM yaha bAta nahIM hai / jainetara kSetra aura jainetara vRttoM se bhI bahuta kucha lene kA svabhAva athavA paddhati jaina vidvAnoM meM rahI hai aura hai| unhoMne jainetara athavA jainapAtra kA vRtta, iti. hAsa evaM usakI kathA-vArtA likhane meM una sabhI rasoM kA upayoga kiyA hai, jina-jina rasoM meM ho kara vaha nAyaka nikalA athavA bar3hA hai| yaha bAta avazya hai ki jaina vidvAnoM ne hara aisI kathA-vArtAoM ko bala dekara naitikatA kI dizA meM pahuMcAyA haiN| unheM Adarza-jIvana banAnevAlI, preraNA denevAlI evaM zikSAprada banAyA haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki eka bhI aisA DhUr3ha kara udAharaNa nahIM diyA jA sakatA ki jaina-kSetra meM utpanna huA, palA huA koI bhI vyakti aisA ho ki jisane saMhAra ko nimaMtrita kiyA ho, apanI ora se para ko dalita karane ke liye Apa calA ho| purANa-kAla kI bAta jAne diijiye| itihAsa-kAla se to hama saba bhalIvidha paricita hI haiM / ye haiM jaina vAGgamaya kI vishesstaayeN| agara ina vizeSatAoM ke dhAraka hindI jaina vAGgamaya kA bhalIvidha pracAra kiyA jAya to vizvAsa hai isa viSama sthiti ko badalane meM bahuta-kucha saphalatA prApta ho sakatI hai / jaina aura jainetara hindI vidvAnoM se hamArA sAnurodha Agraha hai ki ve sarvaprakAra sampanna, samRddha evaM eka mAtra lokahitakArI jaina hindI sAhitya kA bhI anuzIlana kareM, usake graMthoM ko prakAza meM lAveM, unheM hindI-sAhitya ke itihAsa meM yogya sthAna deM / ityalam /
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________________ jainadharma kI hindI ko dena rAhula sAMkRtyAyana vyaktiyoM kI taraha unakA dharma bhI deza-kAla se prabhAvita hotA hai, para kucha dharma aise prabhAva yA usake upayoga ko mAnane se inkAra karate haiM, aura kucha usakA svAgata karate haiM bhArata meM brAhmaNa-dharma ise mAnane se inkAra karake apane dharmagranthoM aura dhArmika kriyAkalApoM ko saMskRta ke sAtha bahuta pahale hI natthI kara cukA thA / buddha ke samaya unake sUkta (suttoM ) ko loga apanI-apanI bhASA meM doharAte the| bauddha piTaka aura jaina piTaka apane saMsthApakoM ke zatAbdiyoM bAda taka kaNThastha cale Aye aura brAhmaNoM ke vedoM kI taraha loga gurumukha se zrutapatha dvArA sunakara unheM yAda karate the| buddha ke jIvana hI meM kucha ziSyoMne rAya dI thI ki bhASA kI viSamatA ko haTAne ke liye buddha-vacanoM ko chanda ( veda ) ke bhASA meM kara diyA jAye / buddha ne isakA niSedha kiyA, aura kahA ki apanI-apanI bhASa (sakAya nirutiyA~) meM loga mere vacanoM ko pddh'eN| unakA jora bhASA para utanA nahIM thA, jitana artha pr| yaha bhI kaha sakate haiM ki jisa bhASA dvArA samajhane meM logoM ko sugamatA ho usI bhASa kA prayoga karanA cAhiye / bhASA vahI sugama ho sakatI hai jise janatA bolatI hai| lekina jana-pravAha kI taraha bhASA kA pravAha bhI kSaNa-kSaNa parivartanazIla hai| buddha se kucha zatA diyAM pahale chandamayI vaidika saMskRta bhASA bolI jAtI thI, phira buddha ke kucha pahale se / bhASAyeM Arya bhArata meM pracalita huIM, jinako hama sAmUhika rUpa se pAli kaha sakate haiM yadyapi mUlataH pAli buddha ke mukha se nikalI huI paMktiyoM ko hI kahA jAtA thA / buddhanirvANa (483 I0 pU0 ) ke pAMca zatAbdiyoM bAda pAliyoM kA sthAna aneka bhASAoM liyA, jinheM prAkRta kahate haiN| ye bhI pAMca zatAbdiyoM ke zanaiH-zanaiH parivartana ke bAda itanI badala gaI ki unakA sthAna unakI putrI apabhraMzoMne liyA, jo apane vyAkaraNa chanda yA saMskRta, pAli aura prAkRta ke najadIka nahIM haiM, balika Aja kI uttarI bhASAoM ke bahuta dhaniSTa sambandha rakhatI haiM / yadyapi jahAM taka uccAraNa kA sambandha hai, unhoMne pUrNata prAkRta kA anusaraNa kiyA / apabhraMza prAyaH sabhI a-dravir3a bhAratI bhASAoM kI jananI haiM buddha apane vacanoM ko chanda kI bhASA meM anuvAdita (na) karake kevala apane samaya ke bhinna-bhinna janapadoM kI pAliyoM kA samarthana hI nahIM karanA cAhate the, balki unhoMne svakIra
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________________ 651 sAhitya jainadharma kI hindI ko dena / nirukti ( bhASA ) se samaya-samaya para upasthita honevAlI janatA kI sabhI bhASAoM kA pakSa liA thaa| lekina usakA akSarazaH pAlana kaThina thA, kyoMki dharma prAcInatA se vimukha nahIM hote-itihAsa, bhASAtatva, mAnavatatva ke liye yaha adhika lAbhadAyaka bhI hai| bauddhoMne cAra zatAbdiyoM se kucha Upara buddha-vacanoM ko maukhika rakhakara IsA-pUrva prathama zatAbdI meM siMhala meM lekhabaddha kiyaa| lekhabaddha hone ke bAda bhASA meM parivartana kI utanI hI saMbhAvanA raha jAtI hai, jitanI ki purAnI pothiyoM ko dekha kara naI pothiyoM ke utAranevAle lipikara yA saMzodhaka kara sakate haiM / Aja kA pAli-tripaTaka aise hI thor3e saMzodhanoM ke sAtha vahI hai, jise ki siMhalarAja vagamabAhu ke samaya tAlapatra para utArA gayA / le kena isakA yaha artha nahIM ki pustakoM yA sUktoM kI saMkhyA bIca meM ghaTAI-bar3hAI nahI gaI / gosvAmI tulasIdAsa ko divaMgata huye abhI tIna zatAbdiyAM bhI nahIM huI haiM, lekina unake rAmAyaNa meM kitane kSesaka ho gaye, yaha hama svayaM dekha rahe haiM / piTakoM meM bhI isa taraha ke bahuta se kSepaka hue haiN| jisa pAli tripiTaka ko siMhala meM lekhabaddha kiyA gayA, vaha sthaviravAdiyoM kA thaa| unake atirikta 17 aura purAne nikAya (sampradAya ) the / jina ke bhI apane-Ane tripiTaka the / unameM sarvAstivAda ko chor3a kara dUsaroM ke bahuta thor3e se hI graMtha cInI anuvAda ke rUpa meM Aja prApya hai| ye bhinna-bhinna prAkRtoM meM the, aura sarvAstivAda tathA usake bAda AnevAle mahAyAna ke graMtha eka prakAra kI naI saMskRti meM the, jinheM gAthA saMskRta kahA jAtA hai, aura jo Ane vyAkaraNa meM saMskRta, prAkRta aura ubhaya-vimukha kitane hI vyAkaraNa ke niyamoM se nyUna-vinyUna baMdhe hue haiM / isa prakAra bauddha graMtha Ane kAla kI niruktiyoM meM baMdha kara Age AnevAlI janatA ke liye durUha ho gye| to bhI svakIya nirukti ke mahatva ko bauddhoM ne kabhI bhulAyA nahIM / isIliye bauddhadharma jina-jina dezoM meM bhI phailA, vahAM ve deza kI bhASA meM anuvAdita kiye gaye, aura ina anu. vAdoM ke prATha kA bhI utanA hI puNya mAnA gayA jitanA ki mUla kaa| yadi yaha na mAnA gayA hotA to tibbatI, cInI, maMgola Adi bhASAoM meM Aja upalabdha hamAre graMthoM kI vizAla anuvAda-rAzikA lAbha na hotA / to bhI jahAM taka bhAratavarSa kA sambandha thA, yaha prayatna utanA nahIM kiyA gayA ki buddha-vacana ko samaya-samaya para upasthita honevAlI sabhI jana. bhASAoM meM kara diyA jaaye| kucha graMthoM kA anuvAda avazya kiyA gayA hogA; kintu bhASAparivartana ke sAtha unakI upayogitA na rahane ke kAraNa ve apanI deha meM hI jarA ko prApta ho samApta ho gye| bhArata meM to bauddha dharma ke ucchinna ho jAne se aise bace-khuce graMthoM ke milane kI AzA hI nahIM, kintu siMhala yA dUsare barAbara se bauddha rahate Aye dezoM meM bhI una purAne
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________________ 652 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri smAraka-aMtha hindI jaina graMthoM kA eka bhI namUnA nahIM milajA / tripiTaka para siMhala bhASA meM kitanI hI aTTha kathAyeM ( bhASya ) likhI gaI thIM, jinake nAmoM kA ullekha milatA hai, para unakA eka bhI pRSTha nahIM milA hai| bauddhoMne vastutaH prAkRta se bahuta kAma nahIM liyA, nahIM to unake kucha prAkRta kAvya to avazya milate / hAM, apabhraMza-yuga (600-1200 I0 ) meM siddhoMne bhAratIya bauddhajagat kA dhyAna apanI ora bahuta jora se AkRSTa kiyA / bahuta sI bAtoM meM krAntikArI ye loga bhASA kI rUDhiyoM ko mAnane ke liye taiyAra nahIM the| inhoMne apanI vANiyoM ko apabhraMza ke dohoM, caupAiyoM aura dUsare chandoM meM likhA / Adi-siddha sarahapA AThavIM sadI ke madhya meM vidyamAna the, jinheM dvitIya buddha kI bhA~ti sammAnita kiyA jAtA thA, aura tibbata meM Aja bhI mAnA jAtA hai / siddhoM ke prayatna se apabhraMza meM bahuta bar3A sAhitya taiyAra ho gayA, jo prAyaH sabhI padyamaya thA / aba bhI choTe-moTe sause adhika apabhraMza ke ye graMtha tibbatI bhASA ke anuvAda ke rUpa meM milate haiM, parantu mUla rUpa meM sarahapA ke dohAkozacaryAgIti ', kaNhapA kA 'dohAkoza', tillopA kA ' dohAkoza' aura kucha thor3e se gItoM ke atirikta aura nahIM miltaa| bhArata bauddhoM se sAta zatAbdI pahale hI piNDa chur3A cukA thA; isa liye yahAM unake graMthoM ke milane kI saMbhAvanA nhiiN| isake apavAda janabhaNDAra rahe haiM, jinhoM ne apabhraMza ke to nahIM, kintu saMskRta ke kitane hI anamola bauddhagraMthoM kI rakSA kI / tibbata meM le jA kara ina graMthoM ke anuvAda 11 vI-12 vIM-13- vIM zatAbdiyoM meM huye the / jina tAlapatroM se anuvAda kiyA gayA, unakI saiMkar3oM mUla pratiyAM vahAM ke bihAroM meM ina paMktiyoM ke lekhaka ko dekhane meM aaii| abhI bhI AzA hai ki anusandhAna karane para bahuta se tAlapatra prApta hoNge| sambhava hai, una meM siddhoM ke apabhraMza ke graMtha bhI mila jaaye| bauddha-dharma ke utthAnake samaya brAhmaNoM ke sthiratAvAdI dharma ke viruddha aura bhI kaI vicAraka paidA huye| ye sabhI janahita ke samarthaka tathA janatA ko usakI bhASA dvArA apane mArga para le jAne kA prayatna karate the, isa liye sabhI jana-niruktike pRSThapoSaka the| ina mahAn puruSo meM buddha aura mahAvIra dohI ke anuyAyI Aja baca rahe haiM, jina meM bauddha prAyaH sabhI bhArata se bAhara haiM, aura jaina sabhI bhArata ke bhItara / jaina dharma ke pravartaka zramaNa mahAvIra zramaNa gautama (buddha) kI taraha hI jana-kalyANa ke liye Aja ke hindI bhASAbhASI kSetra meM vicarate, apane upadezoM dvArA logoM kA patha-pradarzana karate the / buddha-vacanoM kI taraha mahAvIra ke vacanoM ko bhI loga usa samaya apanI bhASA meM kaMThastha karate the| pAli tripiTaka jahAM buddha-nirvANa ke prAyaH sAr3he cAra zatAbdiyoM bAda lekhabaddha kara liyA gayA, vahAM jaina
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________________ sAhitya jainadharma kI hindI ko dena / AgamoM ko lipibaddha karane meM aura bhI pAMca zatAbdiyoM kI dera lagI / pAli piTaka jisa samaya lipivaddha kiyA gayA, usa samaya pAliyoM kA yuga abhI bhI thA, yadyapi vaha bahuta jaldI hI samApta honevAlA thaa| lekina jaina Agama jisa samaya lipi-baddha kiye gaye, usa samaya pAliyoM kA yuga hI samApta nahIM ho cukA thA; balki prAkRtakA yuga bhI samApta hI honevAlA thA / yadi pAliyoM ke yuga meM jaina-Agama lipibaddha huye hote, to usakI bhASA vahI hotI / kaMThastha hone kA matalaba yaha nahIM hai ki hara pIr3hI apanI icchAnusAra bhASA meM hara taraha ke parivartana karane ke liye svataMtra thI, yadyapi anajAne bhI aisA hone kI sambhAvanA to thI hI / isa liye hama yaha nahIM kahate ki jaina-Agama kI bhASA vahI prAkRta thI, jo usake valabhI meM lipibaddha hone ke samaya ziSTa mAnI jAtI thii| yaha bAta usa bhASA ke bAre meM huI jo ki " jinoM ke mukha" kI pavitra bhASA hone ke vicAra se kucha sthAyitva rakhatI thii| isa ke atirikta donoM hI zramaNamArgI dharma jana-niruktiyoM kA barAbara upayoga lete aura una meM sAhitya-sRjana karate the / isa bAtameM jaina boddhoM se bhI do kadama Age the / prAkRta-kAla meM bhArata meM jisa mahAyAna bauddha-dharma kI pradhAnatA sthApita ho gaI, vaha gAthA-saMskRta aura zuddha saMskRta kA pakSapAtI thA; lekina, jaina prAkRta ke samarthaka the / isa samaya ke unake kitane hI sundara prAkRta-kAvya isakA sAkSI dete haiM / prAkRta-kAla se lekara aba taka jaina-dharma meM yaha paramparA bar3I dRr3hatA ke sAtha jArI hai| ve deza aura kAla ke anusAra upasthita huI tatkAlIna bhASA ke mAdhyama ko khule dila se svIkAra karate haiM / yadi jaina-dharmane rakSA na kI hotI to prAkRta ke Adhe darjana se adhika graMtha hamAre pAsa na rahate, aura hamArA prAkRta-sAhitya Aja kI taraha samRddha na hotaa| yadi vauddhoM kI taraha jaina-dharma bhI bhArata se vilupta ho gayA hotA to hamAre vidvAn yaha bhI mAnane ke liye taiyAra na hote ki prAkRta ke bAda se lekara musalamAnoM ke Ane (6001200 I.) taka hamAre yahAM apabhraMza jaisI eka samRddha bhASA rhii| Aja apabhraMzane apane astitva kA lohA to manavA liyA hai, lekina usakI prakRti samajhane meM abhI kitane hI mujhaMti sUrayaH ( vidvAn bhI Dhilamila yakIna haiM ) lgeNge| apabhraMza ke svayambhU, puSpadanta, kanakAmara Adi darjanoM kaviyoM, mahAkaviyoM ko de kara jo kAma jaina-dharmane kiyA hai, kevala vahI itanA mUlya rakhatA hai ki jisa ke liye hama sadA usake kRtajJa raheMge / apabhraMzake viSaya meM abhI bhI jaina-bhaNDAroM se bahuta sambhAvanA hai| vizeSakara usake gadya-sAhitya ke khoja nikAlane kI bar3I AvazyakatA hai| yaha nizcita hI hai ki jJAnapaMcamI kathA jaisI kitanI hI pustakeM bhaktoM ke liye tatkAlIna bhASA meM avazya likhI gaI hoNgii|
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________________ 654 zrImat vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pratha hindI jaina yadyapi pIche upayoga na rahane se unakI surakSA kI ora dhyAna nahIM diyA jA sakatA thA, para to bhI bhUla-bhaTaka kara bhaNDAroM meM aisI pustakoM ke baca rahane kI sambhAvanA hai, aura ekAdi kA patA bhI lagA hai| Adhunika bhASAyeM-apanI-apanI mAtRbhASAoM meM dharma-graMthoM ke par3hane kI paripATI brAhmaNoM ke atyanta rur3hivAdI dharma ke virodha ke prastuta rahane para bhI calatI rhii| tabhI to rAmAyaNa aura mahAbhArata ke nAnA saMskaraNa bhArata kI Aja kI sabhI bhASAoM meM khUba pracalita haiM, aura kAvya kI dRSTi se bahuta UMcA sthAna rakhate haiN| jana-bhASA-samarthaka bhAratIya dhoM meM eka mAtra avaziSTa jaina-dharma kI isa ora pravRtti bilakula svAbhAvika hI hai / para yaha kAma vaha usI bhASA meM kara sakatA thA jo ki kisI pradeza ke jainoM kI mAtRbhASA ho / bhArata meM jainoM kI mAtRbhASA ke rUpa meM dakSiNa kI kannar3a aura tamila bhASAyeM haiM, aura bAkI bhArata meM marAThI, gujarAtI, rAjasthAnI, gvAliyarI (buMdelI yA vraja ), kauravI ( hindI ) aura paMjAbI / jaina vaise sAre bhArata meM milate haiM, kintu unake mUla sthAna ukta bhASAoMvAle hI pradeza haiM / ina pradezoM meM unake apane mandira aura upAzraya haiM / saubhAgya se jaina aise varga haiM, jina meM zikSA kA honA Avazyaka hai / isa ke kAraNa mandiroM aura upAzrayoM meM pustakoM kA saMgraha honA bhI Avazyaka thaa| hamAre nagaroM aura kasboM ko aneka bAra yuddhoM aura upadravoM meM Aga aura talavAra ko dekhanA par3A, jisa ke kAraNa jaina dharmasthAnoM meM saMgRhIta bahuta sI pustakoM kA nAza huA, ise kahane kI AvazyakatA nahIM / to bhI ukta bhASAbhASI kSetroM meM hajAroM mandira haiN| aura eka-eka mandira meM saikar3oM pustakeM surakSita haiM, jina meM paryApta hastalikhita haiM / jaisalamera, pATana ke bhaNDAroMne apanI anamola nidhiyoM ko jaba sAmane rakkhA to hamArI AMkheM cauMdhiyA giiN| para yaha yAda rakhanA cAhiye ki sAdhAraNa mandiroM meM, tAlapatra nahIM kAgaja para, kitanI hI mahArya pustakeM mila sakatI haiN| Adhunika bhASAoM kI bar3I sevA jaina-dharma ne kI hai, usake mahattva ko sabhI mAnate haiM / kannar3a bhASA ke Arambhika tIna zatAbdiyoM ke mahAn kavi aura sAhityakAra eka mAtra jaina the, yadyapi Aja karnATaka meM unakI saMkhyA dAla meM namaka ke barAbara hai / tAmila sAhitya kI bhI unakI sevAyeM avismaraNIya haiN| gujarAtI-sAhitya aura bhASA ke saba se prAcIna rUpa hameM nahIM mila sakate the, yadi jainoMne apanI kRtiyoM meM use surakSita na rakkhA hotaa| rAjasthAnI ke sAhitya ko tulasI aura kabIra ke kAla se bhI pIche le jAnA aura use apabhraMza ke kAla se milA denA jaina manISiyoM kA hI kAma hai / gbAlerI (braja-buMdelI) tathA kauravI ke sambandha meM abhI jaina pustaka bhaNDAroM kI ora dhyAna nahIM diyA gayA hai| gvAlerI ke kucha
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________________ sAhitya jainadharma kI hindI ko dena / 355 thor3e se pada sUradAsa se pahale milate haiN| kauravI - jo ki hamArI sAhityika hindI kI janabhASA hai - ke kSetra ke pratyeka kasbe aura zahara meM jaina bhadra-parivAra rahate, aura sadA se rahate khAye haiM | sahAranapura, mujaphpharanagara, meraTha, bulandazahara, rohataka, hisAra, karnAla, ambAlA Adi jiloM meM mUlavAsI jaina parivAra vidyamAna haiN| muslima - kAla ke asahiSNu vAtAvaraNa meM bhI inhoMne dharma ke sAtha-sAtha apane sAhitya kI rakSA kii| yahAM ke mandiroM ke pustakAlayoM se hindI ko bar3I AzA hai / kavi banArasIdAsa aura dUsare kitane hI jaina kaviyoM kI kRtiyAM mila cukI haiM, jinase hameM yaha patA hai ki jainoM kI dena hindI ke liye nagaNya nahIM hai / para abhI unakI denoM kA pUrA patA lagAnA bAkI hai| hindI ( kauravI ) kA saba se prAcIna gadya haidarAbAda dakSiNa vajahIkA likhA ' sabarasa' hai, jo ki usI samaya likhA gayA, jaba ki tulasIdAsane " rAmacarita mAnasa " ko likhA / 17 vIM sadI se pahale kA koI hindI gadya nahIM milatA / padya bhI hindI (kauravI ) meM pahale pahala dakSiNa meM hI likhA milatA hai / apabhraMza-kAla ke bAda 13 vIM sadI se 16 vIM sadI ke anta taka ke cAra sau varSoM meM kauravI kSetra kI jaina pratibhAoMne avazya gadya-padya ke rUpa meM apanI bhASA meM likhA hogaa| sabhI likhI cIjoM ke surakSita hamAre pAsa taka pahuMcane kI sambhAvanA to nahIM hai, para kurubhUmi ke jaina mandiroM meM unameM se aba bhI kitane hI hamArI pratIkSA kara rahe haiM / zrI agaracanda nAhaTAne rAjasthAna ke bhaNDAroM kI jisa taraha lagana se chAna-bIna kI hai, aura jisake phalasvarUpa saiMkar3oM nahIM, hajAroM kI tAdAda meM rAjasthAnI ( aura gvAlerI ke bhI) mahatvapUrNa grantho mile haiM, usase AzA hotI hai ki yadi kurubhUmi ke jaina - mandiroM kI dhUli sira para lagAne ke liye koI nAhaTA taiyAra ho jAye, to vaha hindI kI aneka prAcInatama kRtiyoM kA AviSkAra kara sakatA hai| isa bhUmi ke aneka kulaputra aura kulaputriyAM sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke rUpa meM barAbara eka dUsarI jagaha cArikA karate rahate haiM / yadi ve isa kAma ko apane hAtha meM leM to bahuta kucha kara sakate haiM /
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________________ jaina vidvAnoM kI hindIsevA zrI kastUracaMda kAsalIvAla M. A zAstrI, jayapura. hindI sAhitya ke itihAsa ko par3hane ke pazcAt 'jaina vidvAnoM kI hindIsevA' yaha prazna anokhA sA mAlUma par3atA hai; kyoM ki pUre 775 pRSTha ke itihAsa meM kevala apabhraMza kAla meM AcArya hemacandra, somaprabhasUri tathA merutuMga tathA zeSa pustaka meM banArasIdAsa, daulatarAma tathA chohala Adi 5-7 vidvAnoM ke nAmollekha ke atirikta jaina vidvAnoM kI hindI racanAoM para koI prakAza nahIM DAlA gayA hai| isake par3hane ke pazcAt hameM aisA mAlUma hotA hai ki mAnoM jaina vidvAn hindI sAhitya se hamezA vimukha rahe hoM; kyoM ki hindI ke itane vizAla sAhitya meM jaina vidvAnoM kI racanAoM kA kahIM nAmollekha nahIM miltaa| kisI bhI pAThyapustaka / jaina vidvAnoM dvArA race hue sAhitya kA koI aMza saMkalita nahIM kiyA jaataa| aisI dazA meM 'jaina vidvAnoM kI hindI sevA ' yaha vArtA kucha vetukI sI jAna paDatI hai / kintu hamAre vicAra se hindI sAhitya kI jitanI sevA jaina vidvAnoMne kI hai yadi usakA mUlyAMkana kiyA jAve to vaha sevA itihAsa ke ujjvala pRSTho meM likhane yogya hai / vikrama kI 7-8 vIM zatAbdI se le kara 20 vIM zatAbdI taka jaina vidvAnoM ne hindI bhASA kI aparimita sevA kI hai / isa sAhitya sevA ke liye kitane hI vidvAnoMne apane jIvana kI bAjI lgaadii| jainoM ne hindI meM usa kAla meM racanAyeM karanA prArambha kara diyA thA jaba ki hindI meM likhanA vidvattA se dUra haTanA thA tathA saMskRta ke vidvAnoM ne use dezI bhASA kA nAma de diyA thA / kintu bhASA-vyavahAra ke sambandha meM jaina vidvAnoM kA dRSTikoNa sadA hI asAmpradAyika rahA hai arthAt yugAnusAra aura janatA kI mAMga ke anusAra navIna bhASA meM racanA karanA athavA saMskRta, prAkRta Adi bhASA ke graMthoM ko hindI bhASA meM anUdita karanA unakI apanI vizeSatA rahI hai / isa yugAnugAmI sAhitya sevA se hameM yaha lAbha huA hai ki Aja bhArata kI sabhI pramukha bhASAoM jaise - saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza, hindI, gujarAtI, marAThI, tAmila, telagU, kannaDa Adi meM apAra jaina sAhitya milatA hai| svayaM bhagavAn mahAvIrane apanI dezanA arddhamAgadhI bhASA meM dI thI jo usa samaya kI jana-sAdhAraNa kI bhASA thI / yahI krama unake nirvANa hone ke pazcAt bhI rahA aura jaba 7-8 vIM zatAbdI meM janatA saMskRta aura prAkRta racanAoM se Uba cukI to jaina vidvAnoM ne saMskRta aura prAkRta kA pallA chor3a kara apabhraMza bhASA ( 81 )
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________________ sAhitya jaina vidvAnoM kI hindIsevA / ko apanAyA aura usameM racanAe~ likhanA prArambha kara diyaa| mahAkavi svayambhU ne isI bhASA meM paumacariya ( padmapurANa ) kI racanA kI jise Aja hindI ke pramukha vidvAnoMmahApaMDita rAhula sAMkRtyAyana tathA DA. hajArIpasAda dvivedI Adi ne hindI bhASA kA prathama mahAkAvya mAna liyA haiM / isa prakAra jaina vidvAnoM dvArA rakhI huI nIMva itanI majabUta thI ki Aja usI bhASA ko svataMtra bhArata meM rASTrabhASA hone kA saubhAgya milA hai| svayambhU, dhanapAla, puSparatna, dhavala, vIra, nayanandi Adi mahAkaviyoM kI racanAaiM prAcIna hindI kI camakatI huyI racanAe~ haiM jinakI kisI bhI sAhitya kI zreSTha racanAoM se tulanA kI jA sakatI hai / hindI ke prasiddha vidvAn DA. hajArIprasAda dvivedIne jaina sAhitya ke sambandha meM udgAra prakaTa kiye haiM ve vAstavikatA ko liye huye haiM tathA unakA eka bhAga pAThakoM ke samakSa uddhRta kiyA jAtA hai __ " idhara jaina-apabhraMza-carita-kAvyoM kI jo vipula sAmagrI upalabdha huI hai vaha sirpha dhArmika sampradAya kI muhara lagane mAtra se alaga kara dI jAne yogya nahIM hai| svayambhU, caturmukha, puSpadanta aura dhanapAla jaise kavi kevala jaina hone ke kAraNa hI kAvya kSetra se bAhara nahIM cale jAte / dhArmika sAhitya hone mAtra se koI racanA sAhityika koTI se alaga nahIM kI jA sakatI / yadi aisA samajhA jAne lage to tulasIdAsa kA 'rAmacaritamAnasa' bhI sAhitya meM vivecya ho jAvegA aura jAyasI kA 'padmAvata' bhI sAhitya kI sImA ke bhItara nahIM ghusa skegaa| vastutaH laukika nijandharI kahAniyoM ko Azraya karake dharmopadeza denA isa deza kI cirAcarita prathA hai / kabhI kabhI ye kahAniyAM paurANika aura aitihAsika caritroM ke sAtha ghulA dI jAtI haiN| yaha to na jainoM kI nijI vizeSatA hai na phiyoM kii|" zrI rAhula sAMkRtyAyanane bhI likhA hai ki svayambhU kI rAmAyaNa hindI kA saba se purAnA aura saba se uttama kAvya hai| isa prakAra hindI jaina sAhitya ke sambandha meM vidvAnoM kI jo bhrAnta dhAraNAyeM thIM ve aba dhIre 2 dUra hone lagI haiN| AzA hai bhaviSya meM hindI sAhitya ke itihAsa meM jaina vidvAnoMdvArA racita sAhitya kA sahI mUlyAMkana kiyA jaavegaa| jaisA ki pahile kahA jA cukA hai ki jaina vidvAnoMne 7-8 vIM zatAbdI se hI hindI meM racanAe~ likhanA prArambha kara diyA thaa| isakA saba se adhika zreya mahAkavi svayambhU ko hai jinhoMne apabhraMza meM paumacariya nAmaka mahAkAvya kI racanA karake use samartha bhASA pramANita kara diyA tathA Age honevAle kaviyoM ke lie eka nayA mArga diyaa| svayambhU ke pazcAt dhanapAla, puSpadanta, dhavala, vIra, nayanandi Adi aneka samartha vidvAn hue~ jinhoMne apanI racanAoM se apabhraMza sAhitya ke bhaNDAra ko bhara diyA /
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________________ 658 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-praya hindI jaina hindI meM dhArmika sAhitya ke atirikta jaina vidvAnoM dvArA likhA hindI sAhityapurAtana kAvya, carita kAvya, prabandha kAvya, gIti kAvya, rAsA sAhitya, purANa evaM kathA sAhitya, adhyAtma sAhitya evaM prakIrNaka sAhitya Adi zreNiyoM meM bAMTA jA sakatA hai / jisase unakI sAhitya-sevA kA kucha anumAna lagAyA jA sake / purAtana kAvya-apabhraMza kAvyoM ko purAtana kAvyoM kI zreNI meM rakhA jA sakatA hai| apabhraMza bhASA meM jainoM kI apAra sampatti hai jo anyatra nahIM mila sktii| svayambhU kA paumacariu tathA riTThaNemicariu ( 8 vIM zatAbdI ), puSpadantakRta mahApurANa (11 vIM zatAbdI) dhavalakRta harivaMzapurANa, vIrakRta jambUsAmIcariu (1070) nayaNandikRta sudaMsaNacariu ( saM. 1140 ) Adi racanAe~ apabhraMza ke ucca koTi ke mahAkAvya haiM / bhASAvijJAna, rasa, alaMkAra, kathA evaM kAvyasaundarya Adi sabhI dRSTiyoM se ye racanAaiM mahAkAvyoM kI zreNI meM rakhI jA sakatI haiN| svayaM vIra kavine to apane kAvya ko vIra aura zRMgAra rasAtmaka likhA hai / svayaMskRta paumacariya ko jisake do bhAga abhI prakAzita huye haiM unheM par3hakara mahAkavi ke agAdha jJAna evaM bhASA para pUrNa prabhutva kA patA lagAyA jA sakatA hai| puSpadanta kA mahApurANa evaM dhavala kA harivaMzapurANa apabhraMza kI vizAla racanAyeM haiM jinake gUDha adhyayana ke pazcAt apabhraMza bhASA kI samRddhi kA patA calatA hai| ye aisI amara kRtiyAM haiM jo kisI bhI kAla meM apane mahatva ke kAraNa camakatI rheNgii| paravartI hindI sAhitya ke vikAsa meM ina racanAoMne mahatvapUrNa yoga diyA hai jisako kisI bhI dRSTi se ojhala nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| sUradAsa, tulasIdAsa, jAyasI, kezava Adi mahAkavi ina racanAoM se kAphI upakRta haiM, kyoM ki unhoMne apabhraMza kAvyoM kI zailI ko apane kAvyoM meM kAphI vikasita kiyA hai| carita kAvya athavA prabandha kAvya-jaina vidvAnoMne hindI meM saikar3oM kI saMkhyA meM carita-kAvyoM kI racanA kI hai / ina carita kAvyoM meM kisI na kisI mahApuruSa ke jIvana kA varNana kiyA huA hotA hai / carita kAvyoM kA uddezya zreSTha puruSoM ke jIvana pAThakoM ke sAmane rakhanA hai jisa se ve bhI apane jIvana ko sudhAra skeN| jaina vidvAnoM kI cAhe hama ise vizeSatA kaha sakeM, cAhe kAvyaracanA kI zailI; unhoMne jo bhI racanA kI hai, usakA uddezya apanA kAvyacamatkAra prakaTa karanA na ho kara pAThakoM ke kalyANa kI ora vizeSa dhyAna rakhanA hai / isa kAraNa kitanI hI racanAe~ hindI kI ucca racanAe~ hone para bhI mahAkAvya kI usa paribhASA meM nahIM AtIM jisa paribhASA meM vidvAnoMne mahA kAvya ko tolanA cAhA hai / lekina isI se ina carita kAvyoM kA mahattva kama nahIM ho jAtA / mahAkavi bhUdhara kA pArzvapurANa ( 1789), parimalla kA zrIpAla caritra, nathamala vilAlA kA nAgakumAra caritra
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________________ sAhitya jaina vidvAnoM kI hindIsevA / ( 1810), lakSmIdAsa kA yazodhara caritra ( 1781 ), kavi vAlakakRta sItAcaritra Adi hindI ke sundara carita kAvya haiM jinheM mahAkAvyoM ke samakakSa meM rakhA jA sakatA haiN| kavi hIrAlAlakRta candraprabhacarita tathA navalazAhakRta varddhamAnacarita bhI isI zreNI ke kAvya hai / prabandha kAvya kI paribhASA meM adhikAMza caritakAvya upayukta baiThate haiM / pradyumna carita ( 1411 ), jinadAsa kA jambUsvAmI carita (1542), jodharAja kA prItikara caritra (1721 ) Adi prabandha kAvya kI zreSTha racanAeM haiN| ina kAvyoM meM apane nAyakoM kA bar3A hI sundara citraNa kiyA gayA hai| kahIM 2 nagara, vana, parvata, yuddha, jalakrIDA Adi kA bhI saMkSipta kintu sundara varNana milatA hai / rAsA sAhitya-rAsA sAhitya jaina vidvAnoM ko kAphI priya rahA hai / 13 vIM zatAbdI se le kara 18 vIM zatAbdI taka ina rAsAoM kI racanA hotI rhii| rAsA kA artha hindI jaina sAhitya meM kathA ke rUpa meM varNana karanA hai; kintu ye kathA kAvya-camatkAra sahita kahI huI hotI haiM / ye eka prakAra ke khaNDa-kAvya haiM jina meM apane nAyakoM ke jIvana ke kisI bhI aMza kA uttama varNana kiyA gayA hai| yadi jaina rAsAoM kI eka sUcI taiyAra kI jAve to vahI kAphI vistRta hogI / 13 vIM zatAbdI meM dharmasUrine jambUsvAmI rAsA tathA vijayasenarine revaMtagiri rAsA ko likha kara hindI bhASA ke vikAsa meM eka mahattvapUrNa kar3I jor3a dii| isI prakAra ambadeva dvArA racita saMghapati rAsA (14 vIM), vinayapama kA gautama rAsA (15 vIM zatAbdI) hindI sAhitya kI uttama sampatti hai / 17 vIM zatAbdI meM jaina vidvAnoMne saba se adhika rAsA likhe| brahmarAyamala ne zrIpAlarAsA (1630)-nemIzvararAsA (1615)pradyumnarAsA (1629), kalyANakIrti ne pArzvanAtha rAso (1697), pAMDe jinadAsane jogI rAso tathA zrAvakAcAra rAsa (1615), brahmajJAnasAgara ne huna(hanu)matarAsA (1630), bhuvanakIrti ne jIvaMdhara rAsa (1606) tathA jambUsvAmI rAsa (1630), rUpacaMdane neminAtha rAso, vidyAbhUSaNa ne bhaviSyadatta rAsa (1600), vimalendra ne vikrama-carita rAsa (1669), jayakIrti ne amaradatta mitrAnanda rAso, somavimalasUrine zreNika rAso (1603) Adi racanAe~ likha kara hindI rAsA sAhitya kA bhaNDAra bhara diyaa| aisA mAlUma par3atA hai ki usa kAla meM jana-sAdhAraNa rAsAsAhitya ko bar3e cAva se par3hate the| ukta sabhI rAso apane 2 DhaMga kI uttama racanAeM haiM / isI prakAra 18 vIM zatAbdI meM bhI kAphI rAsA likhe gaye jo jaina grantha bhaNDAroM meM upalabdha hote haiN| purANa evaM kathA sAhitya-saMskRta, prAkRta evaM apabhraMza Adi sabhI bhASAoM meM jainoM ne vizAla purANa evaM kathA sAhitya likhA hai| isa lie ina sabhI purANa evaM kathAoM kA
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________________ 660 bhImad vijayarAjendrasari-smAraka-pratha hindI jaina hindI meM rUpAMtara vidvAnoM dvArA kara diyA gayA hai / jaina purANa sAhitya kevala paurANika kathAoM kA hI saMkalana nahIM hai, kintu kAvya kI dRSTi se bhI uttama racanAyeM haiN| kitane hI purANa to kAvya-camatkAra kI dRSTi se kAphI uttama hote haiM / jaina vidvAnoM ne hindI padya meM hI purANoM kI racanAaiM nahIM kI, kintu hindI gadya bhASA meM bhI ina purANoM ko likhA haiM aura hindI gadya sAhitya ke vikAsa meM paryApta yoga diyA hai| brahma jinadAsakRta Adi purANa, zAli. vAhanakRta harivaMzapurANa (1695) navalarAma dvArA likhita varddhamAna purANa ( 1825) khuzAlacandakRta padmapurANa (1783) harivaMza purANa (1780) vratakathAkoza ( 1783 ) kizanasiMhakRta puNyAzrava kathAkoza ( 1772 ) daulatarAmakRta puNyAzrava kathAkoza (1773 ) mAdipurANa ( 1824 ) padmapurANa ( 1823 ) harivaMzapurANa ( 1829 ) bulAkhIdAsakRta pAMDavapurANa (1754) bhaTTAraka vijayakIrti kA karNAmRtapurANa (1826 ) sevArAma sAha kA zAntinAthapurANa Adi uttama evaM ullekhanIya racanAeM haiN| isI prakAra jaina vidvAnoM dvArA likhA huA kathA sAhitya bhI kama nahIM hai / paMcatantra kI kathAoM ko to hindI meM rUpAntara kiyA hI hai, kintu svatantra rUpa se bhI unhoMne saiMkar3oM kathAoM kA nirmANa kiyA hai / ye kathAyeM puNyAzravakathA koza, vratakathA koza Adi ke rUpa meM jaina samAja meM kAphI prasiddha haiM / adhyAtma sAhitya-adhyAtmavAda jaina sAhitya kA pramukha aMga rahA hai| AcArya kundakundane sarvaprathama prAkRta bhASA meM samayasAra evaM SaTpAhuDa kI racanA karake isa sAhitya kI nIMva rakkhI thii| isake pazcAt to jainAcAryoMne isa para khUba likhA / hindI bhASA meM bhI isa sAhitya kI kamI nahIM hai / yogIndra kA paramAtmaprakAza tathA dohApAhuDa adhyAtma viSaya kI uccatama racanAeM haiM / banArasIdAsa kA samayasAra, adhyAtmabattIsI, adhyAtma phAga, zivapaccIsI, rUpacanda kA paramArtha dohAzataka tathA adhyAtma savaiyA, bhaiyA bhagavatIdAsa kA cetanakarmacaritra, chIhala kI bAvanI, brahmaajita kI haMsAbhAvanA, daulatarAma kI adhyAtma bArahakhar3I isa sAhitya kI utkRSTa kRtiyAM haiM / jaina vidvAnoM dvArA varNita adhyAtmavAda hamAre samakSa saMsAra kI vAstavika sthiti ko prakaTa karatA hai, jar3a aura cetana kI bhinnatA dikha. lAtA hai / kAma, krodha, mAna aura lobha Adi dazAoM meM cetana kI sthiti kaisI ho jAtI hai, isako spaSTa rUpa meM upasthita karatA hai / AtmA aura paramAtmA kA kyA saMbaMdha hai tathA AtmA hI paramAtmA bana sakatA hai isa tathya kA varNana karatA hai| yahI nahIM, vaha saMsArika jIvoM ko jaga kA rUpa batalAkara punIta mArga para calane kA upadeza detA hai / jaina vidvAn isameM kAphI saphala hue haiN| unhoMne mAnava ko hamezAM UMcA uThAne kA hI prayatna kiyA hai| sAMsArika vAsanAoM evaM sukhavilAsa meM unmatta strI-puruSoM ke bhAvoM aura vikAroM ko ati
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________________ sAhitya jaina vidvAnoM kI hindIsevA | 661 zayoktipUrNa upasthita karane meM ve hamezA dUra rahe haiN| unakA mata hai ki yaha AtmA kA vAstavika rUpa nahIM hai; ataH vikRta rUpa kA varNana karanA acche kavi athavA lekhaka kA lakSaNa nahIM hai / banArasIdAsajI ko Adhunika hindI sAhitya meM isI kAraNa sarvocca sthAna diyA gayA hai| AtmA aura jar3a kA sambandha kavine nadI kI dhArA ke sAtha kisa prakAra saMgata kiyA hai / vahI dekhiye - jaise mahimaMDala meM nadI kA pravAha eka tAhI meM aneka mAMti nIra kI darani hai / pAthara ke jora tahAM dhAra kI marora hota kAMkara kI khAni tahA jhAga kI jharani hai / pauna kI jhakora tahAM caMcala taraMga uThe bhUmi kI nicAni tahAM bhauMra kI parani hai / taise eka AtmA anaMta rasa pudgala doha ke saMyoga meM vibhAva kI bharani hai / 1 gItikAvya - gIta kAvyoM meM bhAvanA kI anubhUti adhika gaharI hotI hai; isa lie gItakAvya bhI jaina sAhitya kA pramukha bhAga rahA hai| jitane bhI hindI gadya aura padya sAhitya ke vidvAna huye unhoMne gIta, pada, bhajana Adi ke rUpa meM thoDA --bahuta avazya likhA hai / kitane hI kaviyoM ne to apanI racanAoM ke Age gIta zabda bhI jor3a diyA hai| isase unake gIti sAhitya ke prati anurAga kA patA lagatA hai / ina meM pUno kA meghakumAra gIta, sakalakIrti kA muktAvali gIta, nemIzvara gIta, NamokAra phala gIta Adi ullekhanIya haiM / brahmagulAla, pANDe jinadAsa, banArasIdAsa, harSakIrtti, Anandaghana, ajayarAja, daulatarAma, rUpacanda, dyAnatarAya, jagatarAma, budhajana, hIrAnandi Adi ke nAma vizeSataH ullekhanIya haiM / ina vidvAnoMne saiMkaDoM kI saMkhyA meM pada evaM bhajana likhe haiM jo bhAva aura bhASA donoM hI dRSTiyoM se uttama haiN| yahI nahIM, ye kavi vibhinna rAga-rAganiyoM ke bhI jAnakAra the, kyoM ki unhoMne apane pada kitane hI rAga-rAganiyoM meM likhe haiM / jaise- prabhAtarAga, rAmakalI, vilAvala, AryAvarta, kedAra, soraThA, vihAga, mAlakoza, bhairavI, malhAra, sAraMga, jhaMjhoTI Adi kitane hI prakAra kI rAga-rAganiyoM meM inake likhe huye pada milate haiM / jaina bhaNDAroM meM saMgRhIta guTakoM meM ina padoM evaM bhajanoM kA khUba saMgraha milatA hai| jisakA adhikAMza bhAga abhItaka prakAza meM bhI nahI AyA hai /
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________________ 662 bhImad vijayarAjendrasari-smAraka-graMtha hindI jaina anya sAhitya-ukta sAhitya ke atirikta jaina kaviyoMne sAhitya ke anya aMgoM kI ora bhI apanI lekhinI calAI hai / banArasIdAsane nAmamAlA hindI meM likha kara hindI koSa kI bhI bahuta bar3I AvazyakatA ko pUrI kiyaa| unhoM ne hI arddhakathAnaka ke nAma se apanA Atmacarita likha kara hindI sAhitya meM Atmacaritra na hone ke eka doSa ko dUra kiyaa| jisase sArA hindI jagata unase upakRta hai / arddha kathAnaka apane DhaMga kI akelI hI racanA hai jisameM banArasIdAsane apane jIvana ko vAstavika rUpa meM upasthita kiyA hai / isI prakAra sAhitya ke anya aMga jaise pAkazAstra, zilpazAstra Adi para jaina vidvAnoMne apanI saphala lekhanI calAI hai|
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________________ saMta-sAhitya ke nirmANa meM jaina hindI-kaviyoM kA yogadAna zrI parazurAma caturvedI vakIla, baliyA uttarapradeza hiMdI-sAhitya ke itihAsa meM saMta-sAhitya ke udaya aura vikAsa kI kathA apanA eka pRthak mahattva rakhatI hai| isakA AraMbha usa samaya hotA hai jaba hiMdI bhASA kA abhI taka apanA zuddha rUpa taka nikharA nahIM rahatA aura vaha apabhraMza ke ati nikaTa rahatI hai| usa kAla meM isa sAhitya kI racanA kA AraMbha bauddha evaM jaina kaviyoM ke dvArA hotA hai, jo apane nijI DhaMga se isakA sUtrapAta karate haiN| ve apane-apane dharmoM ke anusAra AdhyAtmika rahasya kI vyApaka aura vizvajanIna bAtoM kI carcA karate haiM aura satya kI mahattA ko na samajhate hue bhUlane bhaTakanevAloM ko sajaga aura saceta karane kI ceSTA bhI karate haiN| unakI uktiyoM meM anubhUtijanya gaMbhIratA hai aura unakI zailI meM sahaja bhAva kI coTa aura spaSTavAditA kA tIkhApana hai jo pAThakoM vA zrotAoM ko marmAhata kiye vinA nahIM rahatA / isa prakAra saMta-sAhitya kA bIjAropaNa vastutaH unake nijI udgAroM, upadezoM aura phaTakAroM meM hI ho jAtA hai jo phira samaya pA kara nAthapaMthI jogiyoM kI racanAoM meM aMkurita evaM pallavita hone lagatA hai aura taba taka hiMdI bhASA meM bhI apane alhar3apana kI zakti A jAtI hai / nAthapaMthiyoM ke sAhitya kA nirmANa hone lagane taka apabhraMza ke vikasita rUpa meM prAdezika vibhinnatAeM bhI Ane laga jAtI haiN| isake AdhAra para kramazaH prAMtIya bhASAoM kA udaya ho jAtA hai jo apanI prAraMbhika dazA meM apabhraMza-sAhitya kI bhAvadhArA se bhI prabhAvita rahA karatI hai, aura isI kAraNa unameM se kaI eka ke AdikAlIna sAhitya meM hameM uparyukta krama vikAsa ko protsAhana milatA dIkhatA hai| udAharaNa ke lie ur3iyA aura marAThI sAhityoM ke viSaya meM yaha bAta adhika spaSTa haiM; kyoM ki ye donoM apane prAraMbhika dinoM meM vizeSa kara kramazaH bauddhoM tathA jainoM aura nAthapaMthiyoM kI racanAoM dvArA prabhAvita rahA karate haiM / phira to saMta-sAhitya ke nirmANa meM zaivoM, vaiSNavoM evaM sUphiyoM taka kA sahayoga upalabdha hone laga jAtA hai aura saMta kabIra ke samaya taka Ate-Ate isakA vizuddha rUpa ubhara AtA hai| saMta-sAhitya ke nirmANa kArya meM, usakI apabhraMza kAlIna dazA se hI hAtha baMTAnevAle jaina kaviyoM meM muni rAmasiMha evaM joiMdu ke nAma vizeSarUpa se ullekhanIya haiM aura kevala ina do kI bhI carcA kara denA, kadAcit , aparyApta nahIM kahA jA sakatA / ina donoM meM se (82)
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________________ 664 zrImad vijayarAjendrasari-smAraka-graMtha joiMdu kA samaya IsvI san kI chaThI zatAbdI meM mAnA gayA hai jo adhikatara anumAna para hI Azrita hai| inake graMtha ' paramAtmaprakAza ' meM pradhAnataH Atmopalabdhi, jJAnatatva evaM karmavAda kI carcA kI gaI hai aura isa prakAra yaha eka AdhyAtmika racanA hai| tadanusAra joiMdu ne isameM prasaMgavaza bahutasI aisI bhI paMktiyoM kA samAveza kara diyA hai jo saMta-sAhitya ke liye Adarza kA kAma kara sakatI haiN| udAharaNa ke liye ve kahate haiM ki " he jogI, apanA mana nirmala kara lene para hI zAMta zivake darzana hote haiM aura vaha dhanarahita AkAza meM sUrya kI bhAMti prakAzamAna ho jAtA hai"| " rAgadveSa kA parityAga karake jo sabhI prANiyoM ko eka samAna jAnatA hai aura isa prakAra samabhAva meM pratiSThita hai vaha zIghra hI nirvANa ko prApta kara letA hai| " " AtmajJAnI vahI hai jo, cAhe koI kisI kA mitra ho athavA zatru ho, sabake sAtha, sabhI jIvoM ko eka mAnane kI dRSTi se vyavahAra karatA hai|" muni rAmasiMha joiMdu ke paravartI kavi haiM aura unake jIvana-kAla ke viSaya meM anumAna kiyA gayA hai ki vaha IsvI san dasavIM zatAbdI ke lagabhaga ThaharAyA jA sakatA hai| unakI eka racanA 'pAhur3a dohAM ke nAma se upalabdha hai jo prAyaH 'paramAtmaprakAza' kI hI bhAMti AdhyAtmika viSayoM se saMbaMdha rakhatI hai aura jisakA lagabhaga pAMcavAM aMza ThIka usI graMtha jaisA hai| muni rAmasiMha kA kahanA hai, " jisakA mana jItejI paMceMdriyoM ke sAtha mara gayA use hI mukta mAnanA ucita hai, usIne nirvANa patha ko pAyA hai, " isI prakAra " maiM saguNa hUM, kiMtu merA priyatama lakSaNoM se rahita aura niHsaMga hai jisase, eka hI koSTaka meM rahate hue bhI, maiM unase na mila sakA, " tathA, " are zira muMDAnevAloM kA siradAra ! tUne apanA zira to muMDA liyA, kiMtu apane citta 1. "paramAtmaprakAza' (baMbaI, saM0 1993 ) Introduction p. 67. 2. joiya NiyamaNi Nimmalae, para dIsai siu sNtu| aMbari Nimmali ghaNa rahie, bhANuji jema phuraMtu // 119 // vahI* pR0 120 / 3. rAyadosa ve pariharivi, je sama jIva Niyati / te samabhAbi pariTThiyA, sahu NivvANu lahaMti // 100 // vahI* pR0 242 / 4. sattu vi mittu vi appu paru, jIva asesu ni ei / ekku kareviNu jo muNai, so appA jANei // 104 // vahI, pR0 246 / 5. 'pAhur3adohA' ( kAraMjA, san 1933 I0), bhUmikA, 1033 / 1. jasu jIvaMtahaM maNu muvau, paMceMdiyaha samANu / so jANijai mokkalau, laddhau pahu NivvANu // 123 // pA. do. pR. 36 // .. ha saguNI piu NigguNau, millakhaNu NIsaMgu / ekahi agi vasaMtayaMha, miliuNa aMgahi aMgu // 1.0 // vahI, pR0 30 //
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________________ sAhitya saMta-sAhitya ke nirmANa meM jaina hindI-kaviyoM kA yogadAna / 669 ko nahIM mUMDa sakA; jisa kisIne apane citta ko mUMDa liyA usIne saMsAra ko jIta liyo" ityAdi / saMta kabIra sAhaba Adi saMta kaviyoM kI bhI racanAoM kA pradhAnataH yahI viSaya hai aura unakI kathana-zailI bhI ina paMktiyoM kA hI anusaraNa karatI jAna par3atI haiN| apabhraMza meM likhanevAle jaina kaviyoM ke kucha samaya pIche athavA vastutaH vikrama kI 15 vIM se lekara usakI 19 vIM taka kI zatAbdI kA yuga vibhinna prakAra ke sudhAraparaka AMdolanoM kA yuga rahA aura isIke aMtargata anya saMskRtiyoM ke sAtha bhAratIya saMskRti kA pUrA saMgharSa bhI huA jisake phalasvarUpa yahAM ke sabhI dharmAvalaMbI apanI apanI ora se sajaga aura satarka hone laga ge| hiMduoM ke zava tathA vaiSNava dharmoM meM to sudhAra hone hI lage, islAma ke sUphI saMpradAya kA bhI yahAM para isI samaya vizeSa pracAra huA tathA jaina dharma ke anuyAyiyoM meM se bhI kaIne apanI vicAradhArA ke anusAra sudhAraparaka saMpradAya sthApita kiye| vi. saM. 1657 ke lagabhaga madhya bhArata meM tAraNasvAmIne digaMvara saMpradAya ke anuyAyiyoM meM apanA 'tAraNa-pantha' calAyA aura vi. saM. 1509 meM gujarAta meM lauMkAzAhane zvetAmbara sampradAya meM jo Andolana khar3A kiyA thA usake phalasvarUpa saM. 1710 meM zvetAmbara saMpradAyavAloM kA bhI eka vaisA hI ' DhUMDhiyA ' vA sthAnakavAsI nAmaka sAdhumArga pratiSThita huaa| isake sivAya prasiddha vidvAn jaina kavi banArasIdAsa ( saM0 1643-1700) ne uttara pradeza meM isake pahale se hI ' terApaMtha ' saMjJaka eka AMdolana kA pracAra AraMbha kara diyA thA aura ina sArI bAtoM ke pariNAmasvarUpa uparyukta jaina muniyoM kI paramparAvAloM ko aura bhI protsAhana milaa| __ jaina kavi banArasIdAsa kA janma jonapura nagara meM huA thA aura ve eka dhuraMdhara paNDita evaM nipuNa kavi bhI the / ve zvetAmbara saMpradAya ke anuyAyI the, kintu ' samayasAra ' jaise pranthoM ke gambhIra adhyayana aura AtmaciMttana ke kAraNa unake vicAroM meM krAMti A gii| phalataH unhoMne apane nijI mata kA pracAra karanA AraMbha kiyA tathA unake granthoM meM upa. labdha vicAradhArA kI kar3I AlocanA bhI hone lgii| kintu unhoMne usakI ciMtA nahIM kI aura apane vicAra-svAtaMtrya ke unhoMne apane kaI anuyAyI bhI banA lie / ye na kevala kabIrasAhaba jaise saMta kaviyoM kIsI zailI meM likha sakate the, apitu apane samakAlIna saMta 1. muMDiya muMDiya muNddiyaa| siru muMDiu cittu Na muNddiyaa| cittahaM muMDaNu jiM kiyau / saMsArahaM khaMDaNu tiM kiyau // 135 // vahI, pR0 40 // 84
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________________ 666 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha hindI jaina sundaradAsa kI bhAMti, gUr3ha-sagUr3ha dArzanika bAtoM ke spaSTIkaraNa meM bhI saphala the| inakI kavitAoM ke nimnalikhita katipaya udAharaNoM se bhI patA calegA ki inakI varNana-zailI zuddha saMtasAhitya kI hI thii| jaise cetana tUM tihu~ kAla akelA, nadI nAva saMjoga milai jyoM, tyoM kuTumba kA melA // Teka // yaha saMsAra asAra rUpa saba, jyoM yaha pekhana(1)khelA / sukha sampati zarIra jala budabuda, vinazata nAhI belA // kahata banArasi mithyA mata taja, hoya suguru kA celA / tAsa vacana paratIta Ana jiya, hoI sahaja surajhelA // 2 // ' isI prakAra ve phira anyatra bhI kahate haiM bhoMd bhAI samujha zabada yaha merA, jo tUM dekhai ina AMkhina sauM, tAmeM kachu na terA // Teka // e A~khai bhrama hI sauM upajI, bhrama hI ke rasa pAgI / jahaM jahaM bhrama tahaM tahaM inako zrama, tUM inahI ko rAgI / tere dRga mudrita ghaTa aMtara, aMdharUpa tUM Dole / kai to sahaja khulai ve AMkhe, ke guru saMgati khole // 8 // tathA, vA dina ko kara soca jiya, manameM / banaja kiyA vyApArI tUne, TAMDA lAdA bhArI re / ochI pUMjI jUA khelA, Akhira bAjI hArI re // kahata banArasi suni bhavi prANi, yaha pada hai niravAnA re / jIvana marana kiyo so nAhI, sara para kAlA nizAnA re // ' parantu kavi banArasIdAsa kI racanAoM ke aMtargata kevala isa prakAra ke virakti sUcaka bhAvoM ke hI varNana nahIM pAye jaate| unameM prema aura viraha saMbaMdhI vaisI paMktiyoM ke bhI bahuta se 1. banArasIvilAsa jayapura, saM0 2011, pR. 232 / 2. vahI, pR0 234-5 / 3. 'pro. rAjakumAra jaina' : 'adhyAtmapadAvalI' kAzI san 1954 I. pR0 203-5 /
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________________ sAhitya saMta-sAhitya ke nirmANa meM jaina hindI-kaviyoM kA yogadAna / 667 udAharaNa milate haiM jo saMta kabIra sAhaba jaise kaviyoM kI racanAoM meM upalabdha hote haiN| inhoMne apanI eka racanA ' adhyAtmagIta' meM dAMpatyabhAva ke anusAra bhI varNana kiyA hai| jisakI zailI vizeSa rUpa se ullekhanIya hai / jaise, merA mana kA pyArA jo milai, merA sahaja sanehI jo milai / / ttek0|| maiM virahina piyake AdhIna, yo tala phauM jyoM jalabina mIna // 3 // bAhira dekhU to piya dUra, vaTa dekhe ghaTa meM bharapUra // 4 // ghaTa mahIM gupta rahai niradhAra, bacana agocara mana ke pAra // 5 // alakha amUrati varNana koya, kavadhoM piya ko darzana hoya // 6 // sugama supaMtha nikaTa hai Thaura, aMtara Au viraha kI daura // 7 // jau dekhauM piya kI unahAra, tanamana sarvasa DAroM vAra // 8 // hohuM magana maiM darazana pAya, jyoM dariyA meM baMda samAya // 9 // piya ko miloM apanapo khoya, olA gala pANI jyauM hoya // 10 // maiM jaga DhUMDha phirI saba Thaura, piya ke paTatara rUpana ora // 11 // piya jaganAyaka piya jagasAra, piya kI mahimA agama apAra // 12 // basoM sadA maiM piya ke gAMu, piya taja aura kahAM maiM jAMu // 17 // x piya more ghaTa maiM piya mAhi, jalataraMga jyoM dvividhA nAhiM // 18 // piya sumirana piya ko guNagAna, yaha paramAratha paMtha nidAna // 30 // kahA vyavahAra 'banArasI' nAva, cetana sumati saTI ika ThAMva // 31 // ' yahAM para jAna par3atA hai ki inheM bhI 'sAhaba' aura 'surati' kA saMbaMdha hI pasaMda hai| isI prakAra inhoMne apanI eka anya racanA 'pahelI' meM bhI jo 'sumati' evaM 'kumati' nAmaka do sapaliyoM kA rUpaka bAMdhA hai vaha bhI prAyaH isI DhaMga kA hai / ye usa racanA kA AraMbha ina donoM kI tulanA ke sAtha karate haiM aura ina donoM meM eka saMkSipta vArtAlApa karAkara aMta meM kahate haiM 6. 'banArasIvilAsa' pR. 159-62 /
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________________ 668 zrImad vijayarAjendrari-smAraka-graMtha hindI jaina hiya AMgana meM premataru, surabhi DAra guNapAta / bhagana rUpa dai lahala hai, binA dvanda dukhavAta // 10 // kavi banArasIne apanI uparyukta ' adhyAtmagIta' zIrSaka racanA kI dUsarI paMkti meM hI likhA hai avadhi ayodhyA Atama rAma, sItA sumati karai paraNAma // aura inhoMne apane eka anya pUre padameM, 'rAmAyaNa' kI kathA ke yuddha prasaMga kA rUpaka bAMdhakara, vivekazIla puruSoM ke bhItara prAyaH jAgRta ho jAnevAle aMtardvadva kA bar3A sajIva citraNa bhI kiyA hai| ve usa pada ko birAjai rAmAyaNa ghaTa mAMhi / maramI hoya marama so jAne, mUrakha mAnai nAhiM // Teka // se AraMbha karate haiM tathA-rAma-rAvaNa yuddhavAle pramukha pAtroM kA varNana karate hue unake lie bhinna-bhinna upamAnoM kI sRSTi karate haiM / isa padameM bhI ' Atama ' ko 'rAma' evaM ' sumati ' ko ' sIjA ' kahA gayA hai, kiMtu yahAM para viveka ke raNakSetra meM saMgrAma chir3a jAne, 'dhAraNA' kI Aga meM ' mithyAmati' kI laMkA ke bhasmIbhUta hone, 'ajJAna' viSayaka rAkSasakula ke naSTa hone, 'durAzA' kI maMdodarI ke macchita ho par3ane tathA isI prakAra 'rAga' evaM 'dveSa' nAmaka donoM senApatiyoM ke jUjhane evaM saMgrAma gaDha ke vidhvasta ho jAne kA bhI sAMga rUpaka dvArA varNana kiyA gayA hai / ye aMta meM kahate haiM iha vidhi sakala sAdhu ghaTa aMtara, hoya sahaja saMgrAma / yaha vivahAra dRSTi rAmAyaNa, kevala nizcaya rAma |" jisase spaSTa hai ki yahAM para kavikA uddezya kevala zuddha naitika samasyA ke hI svarUpa kA citraNa karanA rahA hogaa| paraMtu isa kavike prAyaH dosau varSa pIche apane ghaTa ' rAmAyaNa ' graMtha kI racanA karanevAle hAtharasa ke saMta tulasIdAsa ne 'rAmAyaNa' kI pUrI kathA kA eka rUpaka, kucha anya prakAra se hI bAMdhane kI ceSTA kI hai| unake isa graMtha se yaha bhI patA calatA hai ki ve apane ko prasiddha 'mAnasa' kAra go. tulasIdAsase abhinna bhI samajhate the aura unakA kahanA thA ki usa racanA kA marma vastutaH aura hI prakAra kA hai / mAnasa meM jisa kathA kA varNana 1. 'banArasIvilAsa', pR0 180-1 / 2. vahI, pR0 159 / 3. vahI, pR0 233 / 4, vahI, pR0 233 /
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________________ sAhitya saMta-sAhitya ke nirmANa meM jaina hindI-kaviyoM kA yogadAna / 669 kiyA gayA hai vaha unake anusAra kevala eka rUpaka mAtra hai jisakA spaSTIkaraNa 'ghaTa rAmAyana ' dvArA kiyA jAtA hai / ve kahate haiM ghaTa meM surati saila jasa kiinhaa| kAga bhuzuMDa bhAkhi tasa diinhaa|| kAga bhuzuMDa kitahuM nahiM bhayeU / tulasI surati saila tana kaheU // kAga bhuzuMDa kAyA ke maaNhii| rAma ramA mukha paiThA jAI // tulasI tAkI gati mati jaanii| rAmAyana meM kInha vkhaanii|| sarajU surati avadha dasadvArA / ye ghaTa bhItara dekhi nihArA // rAvana kumbha laMkapati rAI / trikuTI brahma vasai tehi mAhI // rAvana brahma kahA hama joI / trikuTI laMka brahma hai soI // mandodarI bhabhISana bhAI / indrajIta suta trikuTI mAMhI / / xx rAvana rAma sakala parivArA / ye ghaTa bhItara cuni cuni mArA // ' jisase jAna par3atA hai ki ve kisI rAjayoga kI sAdhanA kI carcA kara rahe haiN| unake yahAM 'rAmAyaNa' ke kaI pAtra kevala 'mana' ke vividha rUpa darzAte bhI samajha par3ate haiN| ataeva 'ghaTa rAmAyaNa' meM jahAM rAmAyaNa kI kathA 'surati saila' ke AdhAra para batalAI gaI hai vahAM banArasIdAsa ke ukta pada meM vaha kevala ' vivahAradRSTi ' se hI dedI gaI hai| banArasIdAsa ke eka samakAlIna jainakavi rUpacanda the| jo Agare meM rahA karate the, aadi| jinheM ve eka bahuta bar3A vidvAn bhI samajhate the| rUpacaMda kavi kI eka racanA 'paramArthI dohAzataka' nAma se upalabdha hai, jisake kaI dohe pUrvollikhita apabhraMza dohoM ke samAna haiM aura inameM bhI hameM adhikatara ve hI viSaya milate haiM jo saMta-sAhitya ke aMtargata bhI pAye jAte haiM / rUpacaMda kavi ke do dohe isa prakAra haiM cetana cita paricaya vinA, japa tapa sabai nirastha / kana vina tusa jimi phaTakatai Avai kachu na hattha // bhrama te bhulyau apanapau, khojata kina ghaTa mAMhi / visarI vastu na kara cahai, jo dekhe ghaTa cAhi // 1. 'ghaTa rAmAyaNa' ve. presa, prayAga (san 1932 I0 ) pR. 42-3 va 214-5 / 2. kAmatAprasAda jaina : hiMdI jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa ( kAzI 1947), pR. 107 /
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________________ 670 zrImat vijayarAjendrasari-smAraka-graMtha hindI jaina vikrama kI satrahavIM zatAbdI ke uttarArddha kAla meM eka jaina hiMdI kavi AnaMdaghana bhI the jo zvetAmbara saMpradAya ke anuyAyI the| inakA nAma 'lAbhAnaMda ' bhI thA aura ye eka acche vidvAn evaM kavi the jinakI * AnaMdaghana bahottarI' aura ' AnaMdadhana cauvIsI' grantha prakAzita haiM / inhoMne apanI racanAoM ke aMtargata saMta-sAhitya kI zabdAvalI kA bahuta prayoga kiyA hai aura inakA varNya viSaya bhI usIke anurUpa hai| inakI racanAoM meM yatra tatra pAyI jAnevAlI uktiyAM bhI bahuta sajIva haiM aura jAna par3atA hai ki ve inheM apane nijI anubhava se kahate haiN| jaise, jeNe nayaNa kari mAraga joiye re nayaNate divya vicaar| zuddha zraddhAna viNa sarva kiriyA kahI, chAra pari lIyaNo sarasa jANo / " eka pakhI ki prIta bare par3e, ubhaya milyA hove saMdha / ' anubhava gocara vastu ko re, jANavo yaha IlAja / kahana sunana ko kachu nahi pyAre, AnaMdaghana maharAja // manasA pthAlA prema masAlA, brahma agni para jaalii| tana bhAThI avaTAi piyai kasa, jAgai anubhava lAlI // ityAdi aura isI prakAra, inake aneka pada bhI bahuta sarasa aura suMdara haiM / jaise sAdhu bhAi Apana rUpa jaba dekhA / karatA kauna kauna phuni karanI, kauna mAMgego lekhaa| sAdhu saMgati arU gurU kRpAte, miTa gaI kula kI rekhA / AnaMdaghana prabhu paracau pAyo, utara gayo dila bhekhA // tathA, rAma kaho, rahamAna kaho, kou kAna kaho mahAdevarI / pArasanAtha kaho, koI brahmA, sakala brahma svayameva rI / / bhAjana bheda kahAvata nAnA, eka mRtikA rUpa rI / taise khaMDa kalpanAropita, Apa akhaMDa sarUparI / nijapada rame rAma so kahie, rahima kahe rahimAna rii| karSe karama 'kAna' so kahie, mahAdeva nirvANa rI // parase rUpa pArasa so kahie, brahma cihna te brahma rI / ihi vidhi sAdho Apa AnaMdaghana, caitanamaya niSkarma rI // ' 3.-7. vizvanAthaprasAda mizra : 'ghana AnaMda aura AnaMdaghana' kAzI, saM0 2002) pR. 334, 343, 344, 366, aura 369 / 8. 'ghanAnaMda aura AnaMdaghana' pR0 388 / 1. vahI, pR. 388 /
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________________ sAhitya saMta sAhitya ke nirmANa meM jaina hindI kaviyoM kA yogadAna / 671 kavi AnaMdaghanane bahutasI aisI paMktiyAM bhI likhI haiM jo hiMdI ke anya saMta kaviyoM ke anukaraNa meM racI gaI pratIta hotI haiM / jaise-- tathA, aura, eka aneka aneka eka phuni, kuMDala kanaka subhAvai / jala taraMga ghaTa mAMhI ravi kara, aganita nAhiM samAvai // ' dekho eka apUrava khelA | Apa hI vAjI Apa bAjIgara, Apa guru Apa celA // ' aise jina carane cita lyAUM re manA, aise arihaMta ke guna gAUM re manA // udara bharana ke kAraNe re gau vana meM jAya / cAra care, cihuM disa phire, vAMkI surati vacharuvA mAMhi re || sAta pAMca saheliyAM re, hilamila pANI jAya, tAli diye khaDa khaDa haMse re, vA~kI surati gagaruA mAMhi re || inameM se prathama do padAMza to saMta kabIra sAhaba kI paMktiyoM ko dekha kara likhe gae jAna par3ate haiM aura tIsarA saMta nAmadeva kA eka pada dekha kara / kiMtu isake kAraNa kavi AnaMdaghana ko hama kisI kA aMdhAnusaraNa karanevAlA nahIM ThaharA sakate / isa prakAra ke prayogoM kI kaI bhinna-bhinna paramparAeM calA karatI thIM jinase acche se acche kavi bhI, apanI racanA karate samaya, lAbha uThAyA karate the / bahuta se kaviyone to aneka lokapriya racanAoM kI zabdAvalI taka ko apanAne meM hicaka kA anubhava nahIM kiyA hai / vikrama kI aThAravIM zatAbdI meM bhI bahuta se aise jaina kavi hue haiM jinakI racanAeM saMtasAhitya kA aMga bana sakatI haiN| bhaiyA bhagavatIdAsa kA racanAkAla saM0 1731 se saM0 1755 taka samajhA jAtA hai aura ve eka ucca koTi ke prabhAvazAlI kavi the / unakI racanAoM meM bhI hameM aisI paMktiyAM milatI haiM jo saMta kaviyoM ke padoM ke lie upayukta kahI jA sakatI haiM, kintu unakI saMkhyA bahuta adhika nahIM hai / inameM, I Atamarasa cAkhyau maiM adbhuta, pAyo parama dayAla / * tathA, cetahu ceta suno re bhaiyA, Apa hI Apa saMbhAro / " jaisI kucha paMktiyoM kI hI gaNanA kI jA sakatI hai aura unakI upalabdha racanAoM meM 1. vahI pR0 357 / 2. pR0 382 / 3. pR0 401 -2 / 4. ' hiM0 jai0 sA0 kA itihAsa' pU0 142-3 / 5 a0 padAvalI pR0 99 ( prastAvanA )
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________________ 672 zrImad vijayarAjendrari-smAraka-pratha hindI jaina koI aisA pUrA pada nahIM miltaa| kintu bhaiyA bhagavatIdAsa ke hI samakAlIna kavi bhUdharadAsa ke bhI viSaya meM hama aisA nahIM kaha sakate / inakI kaI racanAeM saMta kabIra ke DhaMga kI haiN| jaise bhagavanta majana kyoM bhUlA re / / Teka0 // yaha saMsAra rainakA supanA, tanadhana vAri babUlA re // 1 // isa jIvana kA kona bharosA, pAvaka meM tRNa pUlA re / kAla kudAra liye zira ThAr3A, kyA samajhai mana phUlA re // 2 // i.' aura, aMtara ujjvala karanA re bhaaii|| kapaTa kapAna tajeM nahIM tabalauM, karanI kAja na saranA re / / bAhira bheSa kriyA ura zucisoM, kIye pAra utaranA re / nAhIM hai saba lokaraMjanA, aise veda na varanA re / / kAmAdika mala so mana mailA, bhajana kiye kyA tiranAre / bhUdhara nIla basana para kaise, kesara raMga ucharanA re // tathA, muna ThaginI mAyA, ta~ saba jaga khaayaa| Tuka vizvAsa kiyA jina terA, so mUrakha pachatAyA // kete kaMtha kiye te kulaTA, to bhI mana na aghAyA / kisahI sauM nahiM prIti nivAhI, vaha taji aura lubhAyA / bhUdhara Thagata phirata yaha saba kauM, bhau, kari jaga paayaa| jo isa ThaganI ko Thaga baiThe, maiM tisako sira nAyA // isake sivAya kavi bhUdharadAsa ke padasaMgraha meM eka pada aisA bhI AtA hai jisa meM carakhe kA rUpaka hai aura jisakI kucha paMktiyAM ye haiM carakhA calatA nAhI, carakhA huA purAnA // Teka0 // . paga khUTe dua hAla na lAge, ura madarA khakharAnA / chIdI huI pAMkhar3I pasalI, phirai nahIM manamAnA // rasanA takalIne bala khAyA, so aba kese khUTe / savara sUta sUdhA nahiM nikasai, ghar3I ghar3I pala TUTai / / 1. vahI, pR. 64 / 2. vahI, pR0 68-70 / 3. vahI, pR0 72-3 /
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________________ sAhitya saMta-sAhitya ke nirmANa meM jaina hindI kaviyoM kA yogadAna / 673 moTA mahIM kAta kara bhAI, kara apanA surajherA / aMta AgameM iMdhana hogA, bhUdhara samajha saverA // ' bhUdharadAsa ke hI samakAlIna eka anya jaina kavi dyAnatarAya ( ja0 saM0 1733) kI bhI kucha aisI racanAe~ milatI haiM jo ukta prakAra kI haiM / dyAnatarAya kahate haiM aba hama amara bhae, na mareMge / tana kArana mithyAta diyo taja, kyoM kari deha dheraige / upaje marai kAla te prAnI, tAteM kAla hreNge| rAgadveSa jaga baMdha karata haiM, ina ko nAza kareMge / deha vinAzI maiM avinAzI, bheda jJAna pkreNge| nAzI jAsI hama thira vAsI. cokhe hoM nikhreNge| mare anaMta vAra vina samajhe, aba saba dukha visareMge / dyAnata nipaTa nikaTa do akSara, vina sumarai sumareMge / / jise par3hate hI hameM kabIra sAhaba kA vaha pada smaraNa ho jAtA hai jisakA AraMbha " hama na mareM mari hai saMsArA, hamakU milyA jiyAvanahArA " se hotA hai / inakA eka aisA hI dUsarA pada bhI nIce likhe anusAra hai jisake sAtha saMta raidAsa ke eka pada kA Azcaryajanaka sAmya dIkha par3atA hai / jaise aiso sumirana kara mere bhAI, pavana thaMbhai mana kitahuM na jAI // X x so tapa tapo bahuri nahiM tapanA, so japa japo bahuri nahiM jpnaa| so vrata dharo bahuri nahiM dharanA, aiso maro bahuri nahiM maranA // " isake sAtha saMta raidAsa ke nimna likhita pada kI tulanA kI jA sakatI hai jisakI kucha paMktiyAM jaisI kI taisI yahAM rakha dI gaI haiN| raidAsa kahate haiM aisA dhyAna dharau varo vanavArI, mana pavana hai sukhamana nArI / / Teka // so japa japoM jo bahuri na japanA / so tapa tapoM jo bahuri na tapanA // 1 // so guru karauM jo bahuri na karanA / aiso marauM jo bahuri na maranA // 2 // 1. hi. jai0 sA0 kA saM0 itihAsa pR0 175 / 2. 'adhyAtmapadAvalI' pR0 261 / 3. kabIra graMthAvalI pada 43, pR0 102 / 4. ' adhyAtmapadAbalI' pR. 26 / 5. raidAsajIkI vANI (ve. pre0 prayAga) pR0 26-7 /
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________________ 674 bhIma vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha hindI jaina yahAM smaraNIya kevala yaha hai ki dyAnatarAya jahAM apane pada ke dvArA upadeza de rahe haiM vahAM saMta raidAsa apane viSaya meM hI varNana kara rahe haiN| jaina kaviyoM kI aisI racanAeM hameM vikrama kI 19 vIM zatAbdI meM bhI milatI haiM / isa kAla ke aise kaviyoM meM eka budhajana hai jinakI prasiddhi adhikatara nItiparaka racanAoM para Azrita thI, kiMtu jo samaya-samaya para saMtoM jaisI kavitAeM bhI kara liyA karate the| inakI 'budhajana satasaI ' ke aMtargata jo dohe saMgRhIta haiM unameM bahuta se aise haiM jinakI tulanA tulasI, rahIma, kavIra athavA vRMda kI racanAoM ke sAtha kI jA sakatI hai| inakI saMta sAhitya ke Adarza para likhI gaI racanAeM vizeSataH upadezaparaka haiM aura ve cetAvanI kA bhI kAma detI haiM / ye kabIra kI bhAMti kahate haiM: kara lai ho jIva, sukata kA saudA kara le / paramAratha kAraja karalai ho / vyApArI vana Aiyo, nara mava hATa maMjhAra / phaladAyaka vyApAra kara, nAtara vipati tayAra // moha nIMda mAM sovatA, DUbau kAla aTUTa / budhajana kyoM jAgau nahI, karma karata hai lUTa / ' __isI prakAra daulatarAma nAmaka eka anya aise kavi, apane viSaya meM saMketa karate hue bhI, usI zailI meM kahate jAna par3ate haiN| ye sAsanI ke nivAsI the aura pAlIvAla the tathA inheM jaina adhyAtma kA acchA jJAna bhI thaa| inakI eka lokapriya racanA meM ye paMktiyAM AtI haiM: hama to kabahUM na nija ghara aaye| para ghara phirata bahuta dina bIte, nAma aneka dharAye // X yaha bahu bhUla bhaI hamarI phira, kahA kAja pachatAye / daulataje aja hUM viSayana meM, sataguru vacana suhAye // phira eka anya aise hI kavi ' jJAnAnaMda ' bhI cetAvanI ke rUpa meM kahate haiM: bhora bhayo uTha jAgo, manuvA sAhaba nAma saMbhAro // Teka // sUtAM sUtAM raina bihAnI, aba tuma nIMda nivaaro|| khina bhara jo tUM yAda karego, sukha nipajaigo saaro| velA vItyA hai, pachatAvai, kyUM kara kAja sudhAro // Adi 1. ' adhyAtmapadAvalI', pR0 558 / 2. vahI, pR0 236 / 3. vahI, pR. 270 /
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________________ sAhitya saMta-sAhitya ke nirmANa meM jaina hindI-kaviyoM kA yogadAna / 675 jisake ' manuvA ' evaM ' sAhaba ' vizeSarUpa se ullekhanIya haiM / ataeva hindI sAhitya ke Adi kAla se lekara kama se kama unnIsavIM zatAbdI taka ke jaina kaviyoM kI racanAoM para yadi eka sarasarI dRSTi bhI DAlI jAtI hai to isameM saMdeha nahIM raha jAtA ki unameM se kaI eka kI pravRtti saMtoM kI jaisI paMktiyAM likhane kI ora avazya ho jAtI rahI hai / apabhraMza kI racanAoM meM to hama saMta kaviyoM ke lie pathapradarzana kA kArya hotA huA hI dekhate haiM / satrahavIM evaM aThArahavIM zatAbdiyoM ke jaina kaviyoM kI bhI hame kucha aisI racanAeM milatI haiM jinheM hama saMta-sAhitya ke aMtargata samAviSTa karane meM kabhI saMkoca nahIM kara sakate / kama se kama prasiddha kavi banArasIdAsa, AnaMdaghana, bhUdharadAsa evaM dyAnatarAya jaise kucha jaina kaviyoM kI cunI huI racanAoM ko to hama na kevala usameM sammilita kara sakate haiM, pratyuta usameM unheM eka acchA sthAna bhI de sakate haiN| inake viSaya meM hamArA yaha kaha denA kadApi ucita nahIM ki ye saMta kabIra jaise kaviyoM ke Adarza para, unake anukaraNa mAtra meM racI gaI hoMgIM; kyoMki inakI apanI eka paramparA bhI apabhraMza kI racanAoM ke hI kAla se calI A rahI thI aura inake racayitAoM ke lie kisI anya kA anusaraNa karanA Avazyaka na thA / aura phira yadi svayaM saMta kavi hI uparyukta paramparA dvArA nyUnAdhika prabhAvita rahe hoM to vaise kathana kA koI mahattva bhI nahIM raha jAtA / isake sivAya saMta nAmadeva, kabIrasAhaba, raidAsa tathA nAnaka aura dAdU Adi kaviyoM kI racanAeM itanI lokapriya bhI rahI haiM ki unakI chApa se vaMcita raha jAnA kabhI jAyasI Adi sUphI kavi tathA sUra, tulasI, mIrA prabhRti saguNa vaiSNava kaviyoM ke lie bhI asaMbhava thA / saMtoM evaM jaina kaviyoM kI racanAoM meM kevala uparyukta samAnatA ko dekhate hue hama unheM kisI eka hI varga meM rakha bhI nahIM skte| jaina kavi prAyaH apanI mAnyatA vizeSa tathA apanI pAribhASika zabdAvalI kI ora bhI svabhAvataH AkRSTa hote rahate haiM aura ve adhika zikSita tathA vidvAn taka bhI pratIta hote haiM jahAM saMtoM kI bhAvadhArA meM vividha dharmoM evaM darzanoM ke vicAra-srotoM kA saMgama dIkha par3atA hai aura inameM se kaI kI anagar3ha bhASA evaM aTapaTI varNana-zailI meM kisI nirdiSTa niyama kA patA nahIM cltaa| isake sivAya saMtoM kI vAniyoM meM jahAM hameM kisI anirvacanIya paramatattva kI ora bhI saMketa jAna par3atA hai vahAM jaina kaviyoM ke lie vaha kevala eka anupama Adarza mAtra hI pratIta hotA hai jisa kAraNa ye usake prati kisI ArAdhanA kA bhAva rakhate hue bhI dArzanika dvaitAdvaita vicAroM ke phera meM nahIM par3ate /
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________________ jainAcAryoM kI chandazAstra ke lie dena DA. gulAbacandra caudharI ema. e. pI. eca. DI. AcArya chanda vijJAna na kevala saMskRta sAhitya kA hI apitu prAkRta aura apabhraMza sAhitya kA bhI eka adbhuta evaM ati mahattva kA aMga hai / vyAkaraNa ke samAna hI pUrvAcAryoM ne ise chaha dAMgoM meM se eka mAnA haiN| para isake niyama na to apauruSeya haiM aura na kisI daivI zakti dvArA niyaMtrita haiM / koI bhI vyakti jisake kAna saMskRta, prAkRta Adi ke pAThoccAraNa se sAdhAraNataH paricita haiM, vaha yaha bAta bhalI bhAMti pahicAna sakatA hai ki kauna padya hai aura kauna padya nahIM hai tathA patha meM kahAM truTi haiM aura use kisa rUpa meM par3hA jAnA cAhiye / isa prakAra kA vyAvahArika jJAna hameM vaha zaktipradAna karatA hai jo gadya padya kA nirNaya kara aneka azuddhiyoM kA zodhana kara sake / prAyaH dekhA jAtA hai ki prAcIna hastalikhita pratiyoM meM pAThakoM kI suvidhA kA thor3A bhI dhyAna rakhe binA yati-virAma Adi ke niyamoM kI upekSA kI gaI hai / gadya padya ko eka meM milAsA diyA gayA hai| unake AdhAra para chape hue bahuta se grantha bhI azuddha chape haiM, jinheM zIghra zuddha karanA bar3A kaThina haiN| yaha chandazAstra kA jJAna hameM isa kaThinatA se pAra lagA detA hai / itanA hI nahIM isake ThIka jJAna se hama kAvyagranthoM kI tathA padyabandha anyAnya prAcIna granthoM kI sarvasAdhAraNa bhUloM ko luptAMza, kSepaka aura parivartanoM ko bhI tAr3a sakate haiM / bhAratIya chandazAstra apane chandoM kI bahurUpatA aura saMkhyA ke kAraNa saMsAra kI sabhI jJAta sAhityika bhASAoM ke chandazAstra kI tulanA meM ati puSTa evaM samRddha pramANita huA hai / bhAratIya chanda vijJAna ke kSetra meM AcArya piGgala kA nAma sarvaprathama liyA jAtA hai / yadyapi usase pahale isa vijJAna ke pratiSThApaka aneka AcArya ho gaye haiM / phira bhI yaha nAma itanA priya ho gayA hai ki piGgala aura chanda ekAtmabodhaka ho gaye aura chanda kA paryAyavAcI piGgala samajhA jAne lgaa| yahAM taka ki IsAkI 13-14 vIM zatA0 meM prAkRta chandoM para likhe gaye eka grantha kA nAma hI prAkRta piGgala ho gayA / piGgala ke bAda isa viSaya ke aneka AcArya hue haiM; para kedArabhaTTa ke ' vRttaratnAkara' ko chor3a na khyAti kyoM na prApta ho sakI / mAlUma unheM baisI Adhunika anusaMdhAnoM ke phalasvarUpa chandazAstra para likhI gaI kucha jaina vidvAnoM kI ( 83 )
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________________ sAhitya jainAcAryoM kI chandazAstra ke liye dena / 677 mahatvapUrNa kRtiyAM upalabdha huI haiM jo na kevala saMskRta chandoM para hI, balki prAkRta aura apabhraMza ke chandoM para bhI pracura prakAza DAlatI haiM / ina granthoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana karane se tathA jaina kAvyoM ke Alor3ana karane se yaha bhalI bhAMti vidita hotA hai ki jaina vidvAnoM ne chandazAstra ke vikAsa meM kitanA bar3A yoga diyA hai| unhoMne dhvani evaM saMgIta ke anurUpa vividha naye chandoM ko banAne ke upAya batAye aura isa taraha chandazAstra kI paramparA meM ajJAta aneka chandoM ko janma diyA / udAharaNa ke liye hama bhagavajjinasena aura unake ziSya guNabhadra kI racanAyeM - AdipurANa aura uttarapurANa ko hI dekheM to yaha bAta spaSTa jJAta ho jAtI hai ki una vidvAnoM ne japanI anUThI racanAoM meM saMskRta sAhitya meM pracalita prasiddha aura aprasiddha chandoM ke atirikta 18-20 aise chandoM kA prayoga kiyA hai jinheM hama Adhunika chandazAstroM meM bar3I kaThinAI se pAveMge / usI prakAra dUsare kavi somadeva ke yazastila campU ko dekhane se mAlUma hotA hai ki usameM itane prakAra ke chandoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai ki jinakA vizleSaNa karanA ati kaThina hai / isa kAvya meM somadevane saMskRta ke vividha chandoM ke sAtha prAkRta aura apabhraMza ke aneka chandoM kA saMskRta kI kavitA meM prayoga kara kavitva kA kauzala dikhAyA hai / isameM dubaI (dvipadI ) mayaNAvayAra ( madanAvatAra ) caupaI ( catuSpadI ) pajjhaTi kA ( paddhati kA ), dhattA, krIr3A Adi prAkRta, apabhraMza chandoM ko saMskRta chandoM ke rUpa meM pAte haiM / ' 1 anusaMdhAna karane para mAlUma hotA hai ki isa kSetra meM na kevala jinasena va somadeva hI the, balki unase pahale kucha AcAryoMne isa dizA meM prayatna kiye haiN| pUjyapAda kI saMskRta bhaktiyAM ( dazabhakti grantha ) dubaI chanda ke sundaratama udAharaNa haiM / IsA kI 8 vIM zatAbdI se lekara 15 vIM taka jaina chandakAroMne bhAratIya chandazAstra ka kSetra meM eka krAntisI lA dI / inameM sarva pradhAna AcArya hemacandra kA nAma sadAsmaraNIya hai / inhoMne pacAsau naye chandoM ko AviSkRta kara sodAharaNa prastuta kiye aura apanI vividha sAhityika kRtiyoM meM unakA upayoga bhI kiyA / 1 jaina vidvAnoM dvArA yaha kArya isa lie bhI sukara huA ki ve saMskRta prakANDa vidvAn hone ke sAtha prAkRta aura dezI bhASAoM ke bhI bar3e vidvAn hote the / janasamudAya meM apane dharma kA prasAra karane ke lie unheM nirantara prAkRta evaM dezI boliyoM kA sahArA lenA par3atA thA / unhoMne janasAmAnya ke kaNoM se paricita prAkRta chandoM ko saralatA se saMskRtarUpa 1 yazastilaka enDa inDiyana kalcara ( jIvarAja jaina granthamAlA ) pR. 177 /
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________________ 678 bhImad vijayarAjendrasari-smAraka-ya hindI jaina meM pariNata kiyA aura saMskRta ke sarala chandoM ko prAkRta bhASA meM pariNata kiyA / sutarAM unake ye prayoga donoM bhASAoM ke lie eka bar3I dena siddha hue / yoM to unheM kisI bhASAvizeSa ke prati koI Agraha na thA, para janamana kI ruci ke anukUla yaha prayatna Avazyaka thA isase yaha dena anAyAsa ho gaI / yahAM bhAratIya chandoM ke vikAsakrama para kucha kaha denA ucita hogA / chandoM kA saMgIta se bahuta adhika sambandha hai, kyoMki ve gAne ke lie hI banAye gaye haiM / gAthA yaha sAmAnya nAma gAneyogya sabhI chandoM kA dyotaka hai| yadi hama vaidika chandoM se lekara saMskRta, prAkRta aura apabhraMza bhASAoM ke tathA pIche dezI bhASAoM ke chandoM ko vikAsa kI dRSTi se dekheM to yaha bAta spaSTa ho jaaygii| hamAre chandajJa pUrvAcAryoMne saMgIta ke pradhAna tIna tattvoM ko apanA kara chandazAstra kA bahuta bar3A vikAsa kiyA hai| ve tattva haiM-svara, varNa evaM tAla / (1) svara saMgIta-udAtta, anudAtta evaM svarita Adi svaroM ke mela se gAye jAte haiM / isa koTi meM vaidika chanda anuSTubh , triSTum Adi Ate haiM, jinakA ki pUrNa vikAsa sAmaveda dikhatA hai / (2) varNa saMgIta-saMskRta sAhitya ke akSara chandoM ( varNa vRttoM ) kA vikAsa isa saMgIta ke sahAre hI huA hai| vaidika kAla kA anta hote-hote chandoM ke pATha meM jo meda dikhAI dete haiM, ve varNasaMgIta ke kAraNa hI haiN| isameM akSara aura unakI mAtrAoM kI gaNanA udAtAdi svaroM se na hokara dUsare hI prakAra-magaNa Adi aura hrasva dIrgha Adi mAtrAoM se hone lgii| isIse AlApoM ke vaividhya para hI chandoM kI gati calane lagI aura isake phalasvarUpa upajAti Adi chandoM kA AvirbhAva huaa| samAna akSaravAle geya chanda hariNI, zikhariNI, mandAkrAntA Adi kA nAma saMgIta-dhani ke anukaraNa para hI kiyA gayA pratIta hotA hai| ( 3 ) tIsare prakAra kA saMgIta tAlasaMgIta kahalAtA hai jo ki bar3A hI mahattvapUrNa hai / yaha saMgIta janapriya bhATa, cAraNoM dvArA vAdyoM ke sahAre gAyA jAtA thaa| saMskRta ke mAtrA chandoM kA eka vizeSa prakAra vaitAlIya chanda aura usake aneka bheda-prabheda isa saMgIta ke sahAre hI vikasita hue haiM / vaitAlIya nAma hI isa bAta kA dyotaka hai / ve chanda vaitAlika-bhATa, cAraNa Adi dvArA aneka prakAra ke tAloM para gAye jAte the| mAgadhI prAkRta ke vaitAlIya chandoM kA nAma mAgadhika thA jo ki mAgadha se sambaMdhita the, aura mAgadha kA artha hotA hai bhATa-cAraNa / jo ho, para isa prakAra ke chanda tAloM kI gati para Azrita the aura janasAdhAraNa meM bahuta priya the| aura to aura, prAkRta aura apabhraMza ke chandoM kA vikAsa evaM nAmakaraNa
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________________ sAhitya ___ jainAcAryoM kI chandazAstra ke liye dena / 679 tAla saMgIta ke sahAre hI huA hai' / pIche dezI bhASAoM ke chanda lAvanI, dAdarA, ThumarI, jhapa Adi tAlasaMgIta para hI bane haiM / yadyapi jaina aura bauddha santoMne ina bhASA ke chandoM meM aneka racanAeM kI haiM, para hameM yaha mAnanA par3egA ki una santoM kA prayatna rAgAtmaka vastudRSTi se tAla saMgIta ke sneha ke vaza se na hokara janatA meM apanA upadeza prasAra karane ke lie, usa para upadezoM kA sthAyI prabhAva DAlane ke lie hI huA hai| isa Azaya se hI unane janapriya chandoM kA prayoga kiyA hai / chandazAstra sthUlarUpa se do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai-prathama varNa chanda jise akSara chanda yA kevaLa ' vRtta ' nAma se kahate haiM / dvitIya mAtrA chanda jise 'jAti' nAma se bhI kahate haiN| pAdoM kI vyavasthA ke anusAra varNa chandoM ko samavRtta, viSamavRtta aura ardha samavRtta ke rUpa meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai / prAkRta chandoM kI apekSA saMskRta meM samavRtta chandoM kI saMkhyA bahuta adhika hai / vidyunmAlA, dodhaka, upajAti Adi isake hI bheda haiM / viSamavRtta-udgatA Adi kI saMkhyA apekSAkRta bahuta kama hai / udgatA bahuta prAcIna chanda hai jise aneka mahAkavioMne apane kAvyoM meM prayukta kiyA hai / jaina kavi vIranandi ( 10 vIM zatA.) ne bhI apane kAvya candraprabhacarita meM isakA prayoga kiyA hai| ardhasamavRta chandoM kI saMkhyA viSamavRttoM se kucha adhika hai / isa varga ke viyoginI, puSpitAprA aura mAladhAriNI nAmaka chandoM kA prayoga saMskRta ke mahAkaviyoMne vizeSarUpa se kiyA hai| saMskRta meM ardha-samavRtta chanda kI puSTi prAyaH prAkRta ke chandavida kaviyoMne kI hai| A0 hemacandrane anya kaviyoM kI apekSA aise chandoM kI saMkhyA adhika dI hai| ____ varNa vRttoM kI eka mahattvapUrNa vizeSatA yaha hai ki pratyeka chanda ke pratyeka caraNa meM kucha niyata sthAna para yati-virAma kI yojanA hotI hai / yati kA artha chandajJa vidvAnoMne viccheda, virAma, yA vAgvirAma kiyA hai| hemacandrane isakI eka sundara vyAkhyA ' zravyo virAmo ' dI hai| isa yati kI yojanA ke sambandha meM prAcIna chandajJa vidvAnoM meM matabheda hai| jaina chandajJa svayambhU kavi ne kucha aise matoM kA ullekha karate hue kahA hai ki purAne chandajJoM meM kevala zvetapaTa jayadeva aura A0 piGgala yati kI yojanA ko Avazyaka mAnate the aura bharata, kAzyapa, saitava tathA anya vidvAn ise Avazyaka nahIM mAnate the / jaina chandajJoM meM se jayadeva, svayambhU, hemacandra aura kavi darpaNakArane yati kI yojanA ke sambandha meM apane-apane mata 1. pro. velaNakara : chanda aura saMgIta, pUnA oriyaNTalisTa, bhAga 8, saM. 3-4, pRSTha 202 prabhR. 2. pro. rAmanArAyaNa pAThaka, mAtrA chandoM meM jagaNa kI sthiti, bhAratIya vidyA, bhAga 1. pR. 58 pra. 3. pro. belaNakara : jayadAman kI prastAvanA. pR. 18 /
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________________ 680 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri smAraka - pratha hindI jaina 1 prakaTa kiye haiM / yathArtha meM ina chandajJa vidvAnoM ne yati kI yojanA kA AviSkAra kara aneka chandAtmaka gItoM kI utpatti meM preraNA pradAna kI hai' / mAtrA chandoM ko dvipadI - AryA gIti Adi; catuSpadI mAtrAsamaka Adi; ardhasamacatuSpadI - vaitAlIya Adi meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai / saMskRta ke mAtrA chandoM kI saMkhyA kula milA kara 42 hai aura ve tAlavRttoM (tAla ke adhIna chandoM) aura varNavRtta ke sAMkarya se bane haiN| ataH kisI prakAra ke saMgIta ke lie upayukta nahIM hai / prAkRta ke mAtrA chanda tAla saMgIta ke anukaraNa para nirmita hone ke kAraNa saMkhyA meM bahuta adhika haiM / Uparyukta saMkSipta vizleSaNa se yaha bhalI bhAMti vidita hotA hai ki sAmAnya rUpa se chandoM ke saMskAra meM, parivartana evaM parivardhana meM jaina vidvAnoM ne sakriya yogadAna kiyA thA / ina vidvAnoM ne saMskRta, prAkRta evaM apabhraMza ke chandoM para kaI mahattvapUrNa grantha likhe ha | saMskRta chandoM para zvetapaTa jayadeva kA chandazAstra ( laga0 I0 600 - 900 ke bIca ), digambarAcArya jayakIrti kA chandonuzAsana ( laga0 10 vIM zatA0 kA pUrvArdha) AcArya hemacandrakA chandonuzAsana (12 vIM zatA0 ) ajJAtakartRka ' ratnamaMjUSA ' (laga. 13 vIM zatA0 ) tathA amaracandrasUrikRta ' chandoratnAvalI ' (13 vIM zatA0 ) nAmaka grantha upalabdha hue haiM / prAkRta aura apabhraMza ke chandoM para yadyapi A0 hemacandra aura amaracandrasUri ke granthoM se prakAza par3atA hai, para dUsare aura bhI mahattvapUrNa grantha mile haiM, jaise nanditADhya kA ' gAhAlakkhaNa ' (laga. 6 vIM zatA0 ) svayambhU kavi kA ' svayambhUcchanda ' ( 8-9 vIM zatA0 ) ajJAtakartRka 'kavidarpaNa' ( laga. 13 vIM zatA0 ) rAja ( ratna) zekharasUri kA 'chandokoza' ( 15 vIM zatA0 ) aura rAjamalla pANDeya ( 17 vIM zatA0 ) / inake atirikta vAgbhaTa kavi kA 'chandonuzAsana ' rAmavijayagaNikA ' chandaH zAstra, dharmanandanagaNi kA ' chandastattva ', ajJAtakartRka ' chanda:kandalI ', evaM ajJAtakartRka ' vRttasvarUpa ' nAmaka granthoM kA patA granthasUciyoM se lagatA hai | mahAkavi vAgbhaTane apane neminirvANa kAvya ke saptama sarga meM lagabhaga 44 chandoM ke udAharaNa puraSkRta kiye haiM jinameM pramANikA, candrikA, nandinI, azokamAlinI, zaramAlA, acyuta, somarAjI, caNDavRSTi Adi katipaya nayeM chandoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai / yahAM katipaya chandakAroM kA paricaya aura unake granthoM kI viziSTatA ke sambandha meM kahA jAtA hai / 1. jayadAman kI bhUmikA pRSTha 18 2. pro. belaNakara : chanda aura saMgIta, pUnA oriyaNTalisTa bhA. 8, saM0 304 pR. 202 pra. /
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________________ jainAcAryoM kI chandazAstra ke liye dena / jayadeva - jaina chandazAstrakAroM meM jayadeva saba se prAcIna haiM / inakA ullekha 10vIM zatA0 ke AsapAsa ke aneka granthoM meM milatA hai / bhaTTa halAyudha ( I. 10 vIM zatA0 uttarArdha) ne piGgalasUtroM kI TIkA likhate hue jayadeva kI do mAnyatAoM kI do sthaloM para AlocanA kI haiM, vahAM inakA kevala zvetapaTa nAma se ullekha hai / ye zvetapaTa AcArya kauna the yaha bAta vRttaratnAkara ke TIkAkAra sulhaNa (I. 12 vIM zatA. uttarArdha) se mAlUma hotI hai / usane halAyuddha dvArA Alocita mAnyatAoM meM se eka kA ullekha karate hue unakA nAma zvetapaTa jayadeva likhA hai / ye itane prasiddha the ki kannaDa chandakAra nAgavarma ( I. 890 ) ne apane grantha chandombudhi meM inakA ullekha kiyA hai| svayambhU (I. 7-8 vIM zatA.) inheM yati ke saMsthApaka AcAryoM meM se eka mAnA haiN| inake prantha kI eka prAcIna hastalikhita prati vi. saM. 1181 jaisalamera jaina bhaNDAra se milI hai| pIche ke aneka jaina, ajaina chandagranthoM meM inakA AdarapUrvaka ullekha milatA hai / pranthakAra jaina the isakA pramANa unake grantha kA maMgalAcaraNa hai jisameM vardhamAna jina ko namaskAra kiyA hai| ye 7-8 vIM zatAbdI ke pUrva ke the aisA pratIta hotA hai| 1 sAhitya / jayadevane viSayakrama ke vibhAjana meM yadyapi piGgala kA anukaraNa kiyA hai para unakI racanAzailI bhinna hai / unhoMne laukika ( vedetara ) chandoM ke lakSaNa padyazailI meM isa taraha prastuta kiye haiM ki ve svayaM udAharaNa kA kAma dete haiN| inakI zailI kA anukaraNa pIche ke aneka granthakAroMne kiyA hai / jaina hote hue bhI jayadevane apane isa grantha meM sUtrazailI meM tIna adhyAyoM se vaidika chandoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| eka jaina dvArA isa nirUpaNa kI kyA AvazyakatA thI ! isa sambandha meM hama anumAna karate haiM ki jayadeva, saMbhava hai, usa yuga meM hue hoM jaba ki 'saMskRta' vaidika dharmAnuyAyiyoM kI bapautI samajhI jAtI thI aura usa gatAnu. gatika yuga meM jo bhI vyakti chandazAstra para lekhanI calAnA cAhatA thA use apane grantha kI vidvat samAja se mAnyatA prApta karane ke lie vaidika chandoM kA varNana karanA Avazyaka thA, tathA unakI avahelanA karanA asaMbhava thA / inakA ThIka samaya batalAnA kaThina hai / yaha chandakAroM dvArA piGgala ke bAda prAyaH inakA ullekha karate dekhakara aura ina granthakAra dvArA viSayakrama aura adhyAyoM ke vibhAjana meM piGgala kA anukaraNa karate dekhakara aisA pratIta hotA hai ki ye piGgala se kucha hI zatAbdiyoM bAda hue haiM / pro0 belaNakara kI dhAraNA hai ki ve yA to I. 600 aura 900 ke bIca hue haiM yA usase pahale / unake guru evaM mAtApitA ke sambandha meM kucha bhI jJAta nahIM / grantha 8 2. pro. belaNakara jayadAman / 1. piGgala, chandaHzAstram ( nirNayasAgara presa ) pRSTha 4 aura 55. 86
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________________ 682 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka -graMtha hindI jaina adhyAyoM meM vibhakta hai / jisa para 12 vIM zatAbdI ke kazmIrI vidvAn harSaTane eka TIkA likhI hai aura vardhamAnasUrine vRtti tathA zrIcandrasUrine vRttiTippaNa likhA hai / nanditADhyaH - inakA nAma prAkRta meM nandiyaDu hai jisakA ki TIkAkAra ke anusAra nanditADhya aura avacUri ke anusAra nanditArtha hotA hai / inake grantha kA nAma gAhAlakSaNa ( gAthA lakSaNa ) hai jisameM gAthA ke sabhI bhedoM ke lakSaNa aura udAharaNa diye gaye haiM / inake samaya kA ThIka rUpa se nizcaya karanA kaThina hai, para inakA atiprAcIna AcArya jaisA nAma dekhakara aura jainAgamoM meM vistRta rUpa se prayukta tathA prAcIna chandoM meM se eka 'gAthA' chanda mAtra ke varNana meM hI inako sImita dekhakara aura jiha tiha ki ( 31 vIM gAthA ) Adi apabhraMza zabdoM ke prati inake avajJA ke bhAva dekhakara aisA lagatA hai ki ye bahuta prAcIna AcArya the / inhoMne anya prAkRta chandoM kA varNana, saMbhava hai, isalie nahIM kiyA ho ki inake yuga meM adhikArarUpa se svIkRta na ho sake the / apabhraMza ke prati inake tiraskAra ke bhAva se yaha dyotita hotA hai ki inake yuga meM yaha bhASA janapriya na ho sakI thI aura kama se kama jaina vidvAn use Adara kI dRSTi se nahIM dekhate the / hemacandra aura unake pIche prAkRta bhASA ke aneka jaina chandakAroM ne inake grantha se kucha gAthAoM ko uddhRta kiyA hai, para vahAM granthakAra kA nAma nahIM diyA gayA / ho sakatA hai ki ye 12 vIM zatAbdI ke bahuta pahale hue haiM / yadyapi isa grantha meM 96 ke lagabhaga gAthAeM haiM, para kevala 75 gAthAyeM maulika mAlUma hotI haiM / inameM hI gAthA ke lakSaNa evaM udAharaNa samApta ho jAte haiN| pIche ( kSepaka aMza meM) apabhraMza bhASA ke chandoM kA varNana milatA hai; parantu grantha ke nAma aura granthakAra ke apabhraMza bhASA ke sambandha meM bhAvoM ko dekhate hue yaha varNana bilkula asaMgata lagatA hai| ho sakatA hai ki kisI lekhakane unheM pIche se jor3a diyA ho' / . svayambhU kavi - ye prAkRta aura apabhraMza bhASA ke bar3e bhArI paNDita the / inake paumacariu, riTThaNemi cariu aura svayambhU chanda ye tIna grantha milate haiM, cauthe paJcamIcariu kA nAma sunA jAtA hai | ye gRhastha the / inakI tIna viduSI patniyAM thiiN| inake chandacUDAmaNi, vijayazeSita yA jayaparizeSa tathA kavirAja dhavala ye viruda the| inakA eka putra tribhuvana inhIM ke samAna mahAkavi thA / granthoM se inake vyaktitva kA bhI patA lagatA hai ki ye zarIra se bahuta dubale patale evaM U~ce the| inakI nAka capaTI aura danta virala the, para inake gotravaMza 1. pro. velaNakara, ' nanditADhya kA gAthAlakSaNa bhaNDArakara o. ri. insTI. kI khojapatrikA, 14 vIM jilda, bhAga 1 - 2.
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________________ sAhitya jainAcAryoM kI chandazAstra ke liye dena / 82 Adi kA patA nahIM calatA / puSpadantane inheM ApulIsaMghIya likhA hai arthAt ve yApanIya sampradAya ke anuyAyI jAna par3ate haiM / ' / pahale tIna adhyAyo meM prAkRta ke chandoM kA vivecana hai, sAtha hI kara diye gaye haiM / isa grantha kA svayambhU kA chandagrantha 8 adhyAyoM meM vibhakta hai varNavRtoM kA aura zeSa ke pAMca adhyAyoM meM apabhraMza ke chandoM ke udAharaNa bhI aneka pUrva kaviyoM ke granthoM se cuna pro. velaNakarane jisa prati ke AdhAra se sampAdana kiyA hai usameM prArambha ke 22 patra nahIM haiM / jo aMza upalabdha hai usameM saMskRta meM jinheM varNavRtta mAnate haiM, unhIM kA prAkRta mAtrAvRttoM ke rUpa meM varNana milatA hai| prAkRta ke asalI mAtrA chanda, AryA, galatika, skandhaka aura zIrSaka Adi kA nahIM / khoja se jJAta hotA hai ki abhijJAnazAkuntala ke TIkAkAra rAghava bhaTTane svayambhU ke gIti chanda ke lakSaNa ko uddhRta kiyA hai, jo yaha pramANita karatA hai ki kavi vizuddha mAtrA vRttoM para bhI likhA haiM aura vaha aMza prArambha ke lupta 22 patroM meM honA cAhiye / unakA samaya to ThIka-ThIka jJAta nahIM, para zraddheya premIjI ke matAnusAra ve vi. saM. 734 aura 840 ke bIca honA cAhiye / jayakIrtiH- ye kannaDa prAntavAsI digambarAcArya haiN| inake grantha kA nAma chandonuzAsana hai / isameM vaidika chandoM ko chor3akara kevala laukika chandoM kA varNana 8 adhyAyoM meM kiyA gayA hai / grantha kI vizeSatA yaha hai ki anta ke do adhyAyoM meM inhoMne kannaDa chandoM kA vivecana kiyA hai / grantha kI racanA padyAtmaka hai jisameM anuSTubha, AryA aura skandhaka chandoM kA vizeSa prayoga kiyA gayA hai| hAM, viziSTa bAta yaha hai ki chandoM kA lakSaNa pUrI taraha yA AMzika rUpa meM usI chanda meM likhA gayA hai / isa grantha ko chandoM ke vikAsa kI dRSTi se tathA kucha hada taka samaya kI dRSTi se bhI kedArabhaTTa ke vRttaratnAkara aura hemacandra ke chandonuzAsana ke bIca kI racanA kaha sakate haiM / inakA samaya 10 vIM zatA0 yA usase kucha pahale honA cAhiye, kyoM ki 10 vIM zatA0 pUrvArdha ke eka jaina kavi asaga inakA ullekha karate haiM / prantha meM mANDavya, piGgala, janAzraya, setava, pUjyapAda aura jayadeva ko pUrvAcAryoM ke rUpa smaraNa kiyA gayA hai / chandonuzAsana kI eka hastalikhita prati vi. saM. 1992 kI jaisalamera ke grantha bhaNDAra se milI hai / 1. paM nAthUrAma premI: jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa ( dvi. saM. ) pR0 196-211. 2. pro. bhAyANI, svayambhU aura prAkRta chanda, bhAratIyavidyA, bhA0 bhA0 8-10 pR. 139. 3. paM. nAthUrAma premI, jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, pRSTha 211 (dvi. saM. ) 4. jayadAmana ( ? ) 5 jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, (dvi. saM.) pRSTha 405 /
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________________ 684 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha hemacandrAcArya-ye gujarAta ke svarNayuga ke daidIpyamAna sUrya the / inheM ima apane yuga ke sabhI jJAna, vijJAna kA vizvakoSa ( inasAiklopIDiyA ) yA jJAnamahodadhi kaheM to koI atyukti na hogii| samrAT kumArapAlane inakI vidvattA se mugdha hokara kalikAlasarvajJa kI upAdhi dI thii| inhoMne naye vyAkaraNa, naye chandazAstra, naye alaMkAra, naye tarkazAstra, naye kAvya (dvayAzraya ) aura naye jIvanacaritroM kI racanA kI thii| ye saMskRta, prAkRta aura apagraMza bhASAoM ke samAnarUpa se pAraGgata vidvAn the| inhoMne apane chandonuzAsana ke 8 adhyAyoM meM se dvitIya aura tRtIya meM saMskRta chandoM kA, caturtha meM prAkRta mAtrAvRtoM kA tathA paMcama se saptama taka apabhraMza chandoM kA vistAra se varNana kiyA hai tathA pahale meM chandazAstra kI prAraMbhika saMjJAeM aura 8 veM meM prasArAdi kA vivecana diyA hai| __ hemacandra pratyeka viSaya meM zAstrIya vivecanAvAle paNDita the| inhoMne apane isa grantha meM prAcIna navIna sabhI chandoM kA varNana bar3I sundaratA se kiyA hai tathA aneka naye chandoM ke lakSaNa aura inake udAharaNa svayaM nirmita kiye haiN| inakA upayogI grantha sUtrazailI meM likhA gayA hai tathA usa para inakI svopajJavRtti bhI milatI hai| AcArya hemacandra kA samaya 1145 se 1229 mAnA jAtA hai / ratnamaMjUSAkAra-durbhAgya se granthakartA kA nAma ajJAta hai aura TIkAkAra kA bhI / para TIkAkAra jaina the yaha prArambhika maGgalAcaraNa se mAlUma hotA hai| jisa meM unane vIra ( mahAvIra ) ko namaskAra kiyA hai tathA anekoM chandoM ke jainatva se sambaMdhita udAharaNa diye haiM / sambhava hai granthakAra bhI jaina the; kyoM ki unhoMne piGgala Adi dvArA sammata 8 gaNoM kI saMjJAoM kA nAma ja, bha, Adi rUpa se na dekara bhinna rUpa se diyA hai tathA 18-20 aise naye chandoM kA varNana kiyA hai jo ki jaina paramparA ke AcArya hemacandra ko hI mAlama the / grantha meM 8 adhyAya haiM jinameM kevala laukika saMskRta chandoM kA varNana sUtrazailI meM kiyA gayA hai / 8 gaNoM ke nAmakaraNa meM bhI do krama apanAye gaye haiN| eka to vyaJjanakrama ka, ca, ta, pa, za, Sa, sa, ha aura - varakrama A, ai, au, I, a, u, R, i| isake atirikta cAra dvikoM ko AviSkRta kiyA gayA haiM jo ya, ra, la, va nAma se haiN| guru kI saMjJA ' ma ' aura laghu ko ' na ' kahA gayA hai|' kavidarpaNakAra-dukha hai ki isa grantha ke kartA kA nAma aba taka nahIM mAlUma huaa| isake anthakAra aura TIkAkAra hemacandra ke chandonuzAsana se acchI taraha paricita the / isa 1. pro. velagakara dvArA sampAdita evaM bhAratIya jJAnapITha durgAkuNDa, banArasa se prakAzita 'rtnmNjuussaa'|
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________________ sAhitya jainAcAryoM kI chandazAstra ke liye dena / antha kA ullekha jinaprabhasUri (saM. 1365) karate haiN| grantha meM 6 adhyAya haiN| prAkRta chandoM kA vivecana prAkRta bhASA meM kiyA gayA hai / chandoM meM yati kI yojanA ke viSaya meM granthakArane piGgala aura svayambhU kA anusaraNa kiyA hai| mAtrA chandoM ke varNana meM granthakAra ne apanI maulikatA kA paricaya diyA hai| inheM 11 bhAgoM meM vibhaka kiyA gayA hai, jina meM dvipadI, catuSpadI, paJcapadI, SaTpadI chanda aura aSTapadI to eka se caraNoM ke bane hote haiM tathA saptapadI, navapadI, dasapadI, ekAdazapadI, dvAdazapadI evaM SoDazapadI chanda kisI anya chandoM ke 2 yA 3 caraNoM ke sahAre se banAye jAte haiM / isa prakAra ke chandoM ko sArdhacchanda kahate haiM / yadyapi vaidika chandoM meM isa prakAra ke chanda pAye jAte haiM, para prAkRta aura apabhraMza bhASA meM ina kA prayoga bar3I svatantratA se huA hai| kavidarpaNakArane anekoM apabhraMza chanda-ullAsaka, dohaka, dhattA Adi ko prAkRta chandoM ke rUpa meM apanA liyA haiM / hemacandrane dohA chandoM kI sthiti gauNa rakhI hai jaba ki kavidarpaNa meM unheM mukhya sthAna diyA gayA hai / kavidarpaNakAra eka vyAvahArika puruSa the / unhoMne apane yuga meM vyavahRta chandoM para hI vizeSarUpa se jora diyA hai aura isa taraha apane samaya ke bhAda- upayoga ke lie pathapradarzaka kA kAma kiyA hai| unakI sabase bar3I dena hai chandoM ke bIca sArdhacchandoM ko sthAna denaa|' amaracandrasUri-ye prasiddha jaina mahAmAtya vastupAla ke vidyAmaNDala ke camakate hue tAroM meM se eka the / inake grantha kA nAma chandoratnAvalI hai / grantha 8 adhyAyoM meM vibhakta hai| prathama 6 adhyAyoM meM saMskRta chandoM kA, 7 veM meM prAkRta chandoM evaM 8-9 veM meM apabhraMza chandoM kA varNana hai / grantha para A. hemacandra ke chandonuzAsana kI pUrNa chApa hai| AkAra meM vaha chandonuzAsana kA eka cauthAI hai, para vyAvahArika dRSTi se chanda sIkhanevAloM ke lie bahuta upayogI hai| granthakArane chandoM ke udAharaNa granthAntaroM se diye haiN| apabhraMza chandoM ke jo udAharaNa diye gaye haiM ve ukta bhASA ke sAhitya para itihAsa kI dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa haiN| ___ ratnazekharasUri:-ye nAgapurIya tapAgaccha ke AcArya hematilaka ke ziSya the| inakA samaya vi. saM. 1428-50 hai / grantha kA nAma 'chandokoza' hai jo ki 74 prAkRta gAthAoM meM prAkRta chandoM kA vivecana karatA hai / grantha prAkRta piGgala se bahuta milatA-julatA hai| 1. pro. velaNakara, kavidarpaNam , bhaNDArakara. o. ri. i. pUnA kI khojapatrikA, bhAga 16, saM. 1-2; bhAga 17 saM. 1-2 / 2. DA. bhogIlAla sANDesarAH mahAmAtya vastupAla kA vidyAmaNDala (aMgrejI bhAratIyavidyA bhavana se prakAzita) pR. 175-176.
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________________ bhImad vijayarAjendrari-smAraka graMtha hindI jaina isameM allu aura gallu ( arjuna aura gozAla ) nAma ke do prAkRta chandakAroM kA ullekha milatA hai| isakI uka gacchAcArya candrakIrti (saM. 1613) ne saMskRta meM TIkA likhI hai|' rAjamalla pANDe:-inakA racita saMskRta, apabhraMza aura hindI kA mizraNAtmaka eka nirAlA chandograntha hai jisakA 'chandazAstra' nAma diyA gayA hai| ye nAgaura deza ke nRpa bhAramalla ke Azrita the jo ki bAdazAha akabara ke samakAlIna the| ata eva inake granthoM meM akavara kAlIna anekoM aitihAsika ghaTanAoM kA ullekha milatA hai / inake racita paJcAdhyAyI, lATIsaMhitA, jambUsvAmicarita, adhyAtmakamalamArtaNDa cAra mahattvapUrNa prantha milate haiN| uparyukta vivecita AcAryoM ke granthoM ke atirikta jaina vidvAnoMne aneka jainetara chandazAstroM para TIkAeM likhI haiN| kAlidAsa ke zrutabodha para harSakIrti, haMsarAja, aura kAntivijaya gaNi kI TIkAeM prApta haiM tathA kedArabhaTTa ke vRttaratnAkara para somacandragaNi, kSemahaMsagaNi, samayasundara upAdhyAya, AsaDa aura merusundara kI TIkAeM upalabdha huI haiN| isa taraha jaina vidvAnoMne bhAratIya chandaHzAstra kI sarvAGgINa unnati kI hai| ina vidvAnoM ke chanda anthoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana karane se hama isa niSkarSa para pahuMcate haiM ki chandoM ke kSetra meM saMskRta ne prAkRta bhASAoM ko utanA prabhAvita nahIM kiyA jitanA ki vaha unase prabhAvita huI hai, tathA prAkRta bhASAyeM saMskRta ke AdhAra para samRddha na hokara vaidika kAla se hI bahuta kucha svatantra rUpa se apane vikAsa patha para bar3hatI rahI haiM, unake chandazAstra kA vikAsa isa bAta kA sAkSI hai| 1. jinaratnakoza bhA. 1, pR. 127. 2. jaina siddhAntabhAskara bhA. 20, ki. 2. pRSTha 33. 3. jinaratnakoza bhAga 1. pRSTha 364, aura 398. prAkRta bhASA kA ajitazAMti stotra chaMdoM ke vaividhya ke lie ullekhanIya hai| hindI evaM rAjasthAnI bhASA meM jaina vidvAnoM ke kaI chaMdaprantha upalabdha haiM / saMskRta-prAkRta ke chaMdoM para kaI UMca graMtha bhI prApta hai| (saMpAdaka-agaracaMdajI nAhaTA.)
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________________ purANa aura kAvya zrI panAlAla sAhityAcArya, sAgara bhAratIya dharmagranthoM meM purANa zabda kA prayoga itihAsa ke sAtha AtA hai| kitane hI logoMne itihAsa aura purANa ko paJcamaveda mAnA hai / cANakyane apane arthazAstra meM iti. hAsa kI gaNanA atharvaveda meM kI hai aura itihAsa meM itivRtta, purANa, AkhyAyikA, udAharaNa, dharmazAstra tathA arthazAstra kA samAveza kiyA hai| isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki itihAsa aura purANa dono hI vibhinna haiN| itivRtta kA ullekha samAna hone para bhI donoM apanI vizeSatA rakhate haiM / koSakAroMne purANa kA lakSaNa nimna prakAra mAnA haisargazca pratisargazca vaMzo manvantarANi ca / vaMzAnucaritazceva purANaM pazcalakSaNam / / jisa meM sarga, pratisarga, vaMza, manvantara aura vaMza paramparAoM kA varNana ho vaha purANa hai / sarga, pratisarga Adi purANa ke pAMca lakSaNa haiN| itivRtta kevala ghaTita ghaTanAoM kA ullekha karatA hai| parantu purANa mahApuruSoM kI ghaTita ghaTanAoM kA ullekha karatA huA unase prApya phalAphala puNya-pApa kA bhI varNana karatA hai / tathA sAtha hI vyakti ke caritra-nirmANa kI apekSA bIca-bIca meM naitika aura dhArmika bhAvanAoM kA pradarzana bhI karatA hai| itivRtta meM kevala vartamAnakAlika ghaTanAoM kA ullekha rahatA hai| parantu purANa meM nAyaka ke atIta, anAgata bhavoM kA bhI ullekha rahatA hai, aura vaha isaliye ki janasAdhAraNa samajha sake ki mahApuruSa kaise banA jA sakatA hai ! avanata se unnata banane ke liye kyA-kyA tyAga aura tapasyAaiM karanI par3atI haiN| manuSya ke jIvananirmANa meM purANa kA bar3A hI mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki usameM janasAdhAraNa kI zraddhA Aja bhI yathApUrva akSuNNa hai| ___ jainetara samAja kA purANa-sAhitya bahuta vistRta hai / vahAM 18 purANa mAne gaye haiM jinake nAma nimna prakAra haiM-1 matsyapurANa, 2 mArkaNDeyapurANa, 3 bhAgavatapurANa, 4 bhaviSyapurANa, 5 brahmANDapurANa 6 brahmavaivartapurANa, 7 brAmapurANa, 8 vAmanapurANa, 9 varAhapurANa, 10 viSNupurANa, 11 vAyu vA zivapurANa, 12 agnipurANa, 13 nAradapurANa, 14 padmapurANa, 15 liGgapurANa, 16 garuDapurANa, 17 kUrmapurANa aura 18 skaMdapurANa / ye aThAraha mahApurANa kahalAte haiN| inake sivAya garuDapurANa meM 18 upapurANoM kA bhI ullekha AyA hai jo ki nimna prakAra hai (84)
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________________ 88 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-praya hindI 1 sanatkumAra, 2 nArasiMha, 3 skAnda, 4 zivadharma, 5 Azcarya, 6 nAradIya, 7 kApila, 8 vAmana, 9 ozanasa, 10 brahmANDa, 11 vAruNa, 12 kAlikA, 13 mAhezvara, 14 sAmba, 15 saura, 16 parIzara, 17 mArIca aura 18 bhArgava / devI bhAgavata meM uparyukta skAnda, vAmana, brahmANDa, mArIca aura bhArgava ke sthAna meM kramazaH ziva, mAnava, Aditya, bhAgavata aura vAziSTha ina nAmoM kA ullekha AyA hai| ina mahApurANoM aura upapurANoM ke sivAya anya bhI gaNeza, maudgala, devI, karakI Adi aneka purANa upalabdha haiM / ina saba ke varNanIya viSayoM kA bahuta vistAra hai / kitane hI itihAsajJa logoM kA abhimata hai ki ina Adhunika purANoM kI racanA prAyaH IzvIya san 300 se 800 ke bIca meM huI hai| jaisA ki jainetara samAja meM purANoM aura upapurANoM kA vibhAga milatA hai vaisA jaina samAja meM nahIM pAyA jAtA hai / jaina samAja meM jo bhI purANa-sAhitya vidyamAna hai vaha apane DhaMga kA nirAlA hai| jahAM anya purANakAra itivRtta kI yathArthatA surakSita nahIM rakha sake haiM vahAM jainapurANakAroMne itivRtta kI yathArthatA ko adhika surakSita rakkhA hai / isaliye Aja ke niSpakSa vidvAnoM kA yaha spaSTa mata ho gayA hai ki hameM prAkAlIna bhAratIya paristhiti ko jAnane ke liye jainapurANoM se-unake kathAgranthoM se jo sAhAyya prApta hotA hai vaha anya purANoM se nhiiN| yahAM maiM kucha digambara jaina purANoM kI sUcI de rahA hai jisase jaina samAja samajha sake ki abhI hamane kitane camakate hue hIre aMdhere meM chipAkara rakhe hue haiMpurANa nAma kartA racanA saMvat 1 padmapurANa-padmacarita raviSeNa 705 2 mahApurANa( AdipugaNa ) jinasena navIM zatI. 3 uttarapurANa guNabhadra 10 vIM zatI 4 ajitapurANa aruNamaNi - 1716 5 AdipurANa(kannaDa) kavi paMpa 6 AdipurANa bha0 candrakIrti 17 vIM zatI bhaTTAraka sakalakIrti 15 vIM zatI 8 uttarapurANa 9 karNAmRtapurANa kezavasena 1688
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________________ sAhitya 10 jayakumArapurANa 11 candraprabhapurANa 12 cAmuNDapurANa ( ka ) 13 dharmanAthapurANa ( ka ) 14 neminAthapurANa 15 padmanAbhapurANa 16 pahumacariya ( apabhraMza ) 17 99 18 padmapurANa 19 19 87 20 21 22 23 pANDavapurANa 24 25 26 59 27 pArzvapurANa ( apabhraMza ) 28 ( > 29 30 31 mahApurANa 32 mahApurANa ( apabhraMza ) 33 mallinAthapurANa ( ka0 ) 39 19 29 19 99 29 19 99 34 purANasAra 35 mahAvIrapurANa 36 mahAvIrapurANa 37 mallinAthapurANa 39 ( apabhraMza ) ( apabhraMza ) "" purANa aura kAvya / vra. kAmarAja kavi agAsa deva cAmuNDarAya kavi bAhubalI bra. nemidatta bhaTTAraka zubhacandra caturmukha deva svayaMbhU deva bha0 somasena bha0 dharmakIrtti kavi dhU bha0 candrakIrti brahmajinadAsa bha0 zubhacandra bha0 yazaHkIrti bha0 zrIbhUSaNa vAdicandra padmakIrti kavi raddadhU candrakIrti vAdicandra AcArya maliSeNa mahAkavi puSpadanta kavi nAgacandra zrIcandra kavi asaga bha0 sakaLakIrti "9 1555 992 zaka saM. 980 - 1575 ke lagabhaga 17 vIM zatI 1656 15-16 zatI 17 vIM zatI 15-16 zatI 1608 1497 1657 1658 989 15-16 zatI 1654 1658 1104 910 15 vIM zatI 99
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________________ 690 38 munisutapurANa 39 39 40 vAgarthasaMgrahapurANa 41 zAntinAthapurANa 42 43 zrIpurANa 44 harivaMzapurANa 45 harivaMzapurANa ( apabhraMza ) 46 (,, ) 47 48 ( apabhraMza ) 49 99 50 51 52 "" "" "" "" 19 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha brahma kRSNadAsa bha0 surendrakIrti kavi parameSThI 59 35 A. jinadAsa 15-16 zatI bha. yazaHkIrti 1507 1552 bha0 zrutakIrti kavi raidhU 15-16 zatI bha0 dharmakIrti 1671 kavi rAmacandra 1560 ke pUrva 6 inake atirikta carita grantha haiM jinakI saMkhyA purANoM kI saMkhyA se adhika hai aura jina meM ' jinadattacarita ' varAjacarita ' jasaharacariU ' 'NAgakumAracariU' Adi kitane hI mahattvapUrNa grantha sammilita haiN| purANoM kI ukta sUcI meM se raviSeNa kA padmapurANa, jinasena kA mahApurANa, guNabhadra kA uttarapurANa aura punnATasaMghIya jinasena kA harivaMzapurANa sarvazreSTha purANa kahe jAte haiM / inameM purANa kA pUrNa lakSaNa ghaTita hotA hai| inakI racanA purANa aura kAvya donoM kI zailI se kI gaI hai| inakI apanI-apanI vizeSatAeM haiM jo adhyayana ke samaya pAThaka kA citta apanI ora balAt AkRSTa kara letI haiM / jaina purANoM kA udgama kavi asaga bha0 zrIbhUSaNa comme bha0 guNabhadra punnA saMghIya jinasena svayaMbhUdeva caturmukhadeva hindI jaina A. jinasena ke mahApurANa se prA0 kartA 10 vIM zatI 1659 zaka saMvata 705 yati vRSabhAcAryane ' tiloyapaNNatti' ke caturtha adhikAra meM tIrthaMkaroM ke mAtA-pitA ke nAma, janmanagarI, paMca kalyANaka tithi, antarAla, Adi kitanI hI Avazyaka vastuoM kA saMkalana kiyA hai / jAna par3atA hai ki hamAre vartamAna purANakAroMne usa AdhAra ko dRSTigata rakha kara purANoM kI racanAeM kI haiN| purANoM meM adhikatara traizaThazalAkA puruSa kA caritracitraNa hai / prasaGgavaza anya puruSoM kA bhI caritra-citraNa huA hai /
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________________ sAhitya purANa aura kAvya / ina purANoM kI khAsa vizeSatA yaha hai ki inameM yadyapi kAvyazailI kA Azraya liyA gayA hai tathApi itivRtta kI prAmANikatA kI ora paryApta dRSTi rakhI gaI hai| udAharaNa ke liye rAmacarita hI le lIjiye / rAmacarita para prakAza DAlanevAlA eka grantha ' vAlmiki rAmAyaNa ' hai aura dUsarA grantha raviSeNa kA 'padmavarita' hai / donoM kA tulanAtmaka dRSTise adhyayana kIjiye to Apa ko tatkAla isa bAta kA spaSTa anubhava ho jAyagA ki vAlmikine kahAM kRtrimatA lAne kA prayatna kiyA hai| zrI DAkTara harisatya bhaTTAcArya, ema. e. pI-eca. DI. ne ' paurANika jaina itihAsa' zIrSaka se eka lekha ' varNI abhinandana ' grantha meM diyA hai| usameM unhoMne jagaha-jagaha ghoSita kiyA hai ki amuka viSaya meM jaina mAnyatA satya hai / jainAcAryoMne strI yA puruSa jisakA bhI caritra-citraNa kiyA hai vaha usa vyakti ke antastala ko sAmane lAkara rakha denevAlA hai| jaina kAvya-- purANoM ke bAda kAvya kA nambara AtA hai| purANoM meM jo bAta sIdhI-sAdhI bhASA meM kahI jAtI thI vahI kAvyoM meM alaMkRta bhASA ke dvArA kahI jAne lgii| kavi-kAla meM isa bAta kI hoDasI laga gaI ki kauna kavi apanI racanA meM kitane alaMkAra lA sakatA hai| phala. svarUpa kavitA kAminI nAnA alaMkAroM se susajjita hokara saMsAra ke sAmane prakaTa huI / kaviyoM kI cAturyapUrNa bhASA ke sAmane purANoM kI sIdhI-sAdhI bhASA prabhAvahIna ho gaI / AcArya jinasena Adi kucha aise praNetA hue ki jinhoMne purANa aura kAvya donoM kI zailI aMgIkRta kara apanI racanAeM vidvatsamAja ke samakSa rakkhIM aura kucha aise granthakAra bhI huye ki jinhoMne apane grantha kAvya kI zailI se hI likhe / ubhaya zailI se likhA huA jinasenAcAryakA mahApurANa hai aura vizuddha kAvya kI zalI se likhe hue vIranandI kA candraprabha, haricandra kA dharma zarmAbhyudaya, vAdirAja kA gadyacintAmaNi, somadeva kA yazastilakacampU Adi grantha haiN| kAvya ke do bheda haiM 1 dRzya kAvya aura 2 zrAvya kAvya / dRzya kAvya meM pradhAna nATaka haiM / isa sAhitya kI racanA meM bhI jaina sAhityakAroMne paryApta yoga diyA hai / hastimalla ke vikrAntakaurava, subhadrAharaNa, maithilI kalyANa aura aJjanApavanaJjaya prasiddha nATaka haiN| rAmacandrasUri ke bhI nalavivAha, satyavAdI harizcandra, kaumudImitrAnanda, rAghavAbhyudaya Adi nATaka bahuta prasiddha haiN| yazapAla kA moharAjaparAjaya aura vAdicandrasUri kA jJAnasUryodaya nATaka bhI adbhuta grantha haiN| zrAvya kAvya sAhitya gadya, padya aura campU ke bheda se tIna prakAra kA hai| carita. kAvya, citrakAvya aura dUtakAvya bhI inhI ke antargata haiM / gadya kAjya meM vAdI(bhaE)(dra)siMha kI
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________________ zrImat vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha hindI jaina gadyacintAmaNi, mahAkavi bANabhaTTa kI kAdambarI se kisI prakAra kama nahIM hai| dhanapAla kI tilakamaJjarI bhI ucca koTi kI racanA hai| haricandra kA dharmazarmAbhyudaya, vIranandI kA candraprabhacarita, abhayadeva kA jayantavijaya, vAdirAja kA pArzvanAthacarita, vAgbhaTTa kA neminirvANa kAvya aura mahAsena kA pradyumnacarita Adi ucca koTi ke kAvya grantha haiN| carita kAvya meM jayasiMhanandI kA varAMgacarita, asaga kavi kA mahAvIracarita aura rAyamalla kA jambUsvAmIcarita uttama mAne jAte haiM / campU kAvya meM somadeva kA yazastilakacampU bahuta hI khyAta racanA hai / upalabdha saMskRta sAhitya meM isakI jor3a kA eka bhI grantha nahIM hai / harizcandra kA jIvandharacampU tathA arhaddAsa kA padmadevacampU bhI utkRSTa racanAeM haiM / citrakAvya meM dhanaMjaya kavi kA dvisandhAna kAvya apanI zliSTa racanAoM ke liye Adya grantha mAnA jAtA hai| isameM sAtha hI sAtha rAghava aura pANDava do rAjavaMzoM kI kathAeM kahI jAtI haiN| ___ dUta kAvyo meM meghadUta kI paddhati se likhA gayA vAdicandra kA pavanadUta, carita. sundara kA zIladUta, vinayaprabha kA candradUta aura vikrama kA nemidUta Adi kAvya prasiddha racanAeM haiN| meghadUta kI samazyApUrti ke rUpa meM likhA huA jinasena kA 'pArvAbhyudaya' to eka vicitra hI grantha hai| isa prakAra jaina sAhitya saMskRta-sAhitya kI garimA bar3hA rahA hai| para kheda isa bAta kA hai ki yaha saba sAhitya jisa zailI se vidvatsaMsAra ke samakSa upasthita kiyA jAnA cAhie thA nahIM kiyA jA sakA hai| kAza, vItarAga jinendra ke mandiroM meM taraha-taraha kI rAgavardhaka sAmagrI ekatrita karanevAle bhaktajana jinavANI kA mahatva samajheM aura apane dAna kI dhArA kA pravAha sAhitya-prakAzana kI ora mor3a sakeM to vizAla jaina sAhitya eka bAra phira se apanI atIta mahimA prApta kara le / ityalam /
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________________ jaina kathA-sAhitya pro. phUlacandra jaina ' sAraMga' ema. e. sAhityaratna jaina sAhitya kA mahatva__ sampUrNa bhAratIya vAGgamaya meM jaina sAhitya kA sthAna bahuta hI mahatvapUrNa hai| prabaMdha, campU, nATaka, kathA Adi lalita sAhitya aura gaNita, vaidyaka, jyotiSa, bhUgola, nIti, darzana Adi upayogI sAhitya ke sabhI kSetroM meM jaina dharma kI dena bahuta hI puSTa aura samRddhizAlI hai| saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza Adi purAtana bhAratIya bhASAoM tathA dakSiNa kI tAmila, telagU, kannar3a aura gujarAtI, marAThI Adi prAntIya bhASAoM meM yaha sAhitya pracura parimANa meM upalabdha hai| abhI bahuta sA jaina sAhitya aMdhakAragrasta hai, para jo kucha bhI sAhitya prakAza meM AyA hai usase bhalI bhAMti spaSTa hai ki bhArata ke sAMskRtika anuzIlana meM anya dharma aura jAtiyoM kI apekSA jaina sAhitya ke pRSTha kahIM adhika prANavAn aura sphUrtidAyaka haiN| hindI sAhitya ke itihAsa-nirmANa meM bhI jaina sAhitya kA yogadAna kama mahattvapUrNa nahIM hai / jaise-jaise apabhraMza bhASA meM racita jaina sAhitya para adhikAdhika prakAza par3atA jA rahA hai vaise-vaise hindI ke udbhava aura vikAsa kI kahAnI adhika susaMgata aura spaSTa hotI jA rahI hai| idhara jo apabhraMza bhASA meM jana caritra kAbyoM kI vipula sAmagrI upalabdha huI hai usane to hindI kI sAhityika paramparAyeM aura usake kAvya ke rUpoM ke adhyayana ke liye eka nayA dRSTikoNa hindI ke vidvAnoM ko pradAna kiyA hai| aba kevala eka dharma yA sampradAya vizeSa kA sAhitya kaha kara jaina kAvyagraMthoM kI avahelanA nahIM kI jA sakatI / hindI sAhitya ke vikAsa meM usake aitihAsika mahatva ko aba spaSTa rUpa se svIkAra kiyA jA rahA hai| jisa puSpa kavi ko hindI sAhityakAroM ne hindI bhASA kA prathama kavi batAyA haiM ve aura koI nahIM, apabhraMza ke suprasiddha jaina kavi puSpadanta hI haiM jinhoM ne mahApurANa, yazodharacaritra aura nAgakumAracaritra Adi graMthoM kI racanA kI hai / mahAkavi syayaMbhU ko hindI bhASA kA sarvazreSTha kavi svIkAra karate huye mahApaMDita rAhula sAMkRtyAyana ke ye zabda kitane mahatvapUrNa haiM " svayaMbhU- kavirAja kahe gaye hai, kintu itane se svayaMbhU kI mahattA ko nahIM samajhA jA sakatA / maiM samajhatA hUM AThavIM
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________________ 694 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha hindI jaina zatAbdI se lekara bIsavIM zatAbdI taka kI teraha zatAbdiyoM meM jitane kaviyoMne apanI amara kRtiyoM se hindI sAhitya ko puSTa kiyA hai una meM svayaMbhU saba se bar3e kavi haiM / maiM aisA likhane kI himmata nahIM karatA, yadi hindI ke coTI ke kaviyoM ne svayaMbhU 'rAmAyaNa' ke uddharaNoM ko sunakara yaha rAya prakaTa na kI hotI / " svayaMbhU ne paumacariu ( rAmAyaNa ), riTThaNemi cariu, paMcamIcariu Adi racanAoM dvArA caritrakAroM kI jisa sAhityika paraparA ko aMkurita kiyA usakA sIdhA vikAsa hameM tulasI ke 'rAmacaritamAnasa' aura sUphiyoM ke laukika prema kathAnakoM meM milatA hai / loka bhASA meM racita ina carita kAvyoM ke viSaya meM DA. hajArIprasAda dvivedI kA yaha kathana samIcIna hI hai " ina carita kAvyoM ke adhyayana se paravartIkAla ke hindI sAhitya ke kathAnakoM, kathAnaka rUDhiyoM, kAvya rUpoM, kaviprasiddhiyoM, chaMdayojanA, varNanazailI, vastuvilAsa kavikauzala Adi kI kahAnI bahuta spaSTa ho jAtI hai / isa liye ina kAvyoM se hindI sAhitya ke vikAsa ke adhyayana meM bahuta mahatvapUrNa sahAyatA prApta hotI hai / kathApradhAna jaina sAhitya lokajIvana meM apane vicAroM ke pratipAdana ke liye jaina sAhitya ke manISI kalAkAne sphuTagItoM aura muktaka chaMdoM kI apekSA kathAkAvyoM kA adhika sahArA liyA hai / satya to yaha hai ki jaina sAhitya meM usakA kathA sAhitya bahuta hI puSTa aMga hai / yaha sAhitya gadya aura padya donoM rUpoM meM bahuta hI vizAla parimANa meM racA gayA hai / usa meM eka ora jahAM saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza ke 'vizAla caritakAvya haiM, jinakA sRjana aneka lokaraMjaka, aitihAsika, paurANika aura kAlpanika kathAoM ke AdhAra para huA hai, vahAM dUsarI ora prAkRta ke Agama graMthoM kI TIkA-TippaNiyoM, niryukti, bhASya, cUrNi, tathA jainAcAryodvArA racita vividha kathAkoSoM meM nIti aura upadezapUrNa laghu kathAaiM bhI pracura mAtrA meM upalabdha haiM / aitihAsika, sAMskRtika, sAhityika dRSTiyoM se isa kathA sAhitya kI bhAva bhUmi bar3I udAtta aura gahana hai / 1 aitihAsika dRSTi se vicAra kareM to jaina kathA graMtha apanI paridhi meM bhAratIya itihAsa kI amUlya sampatti ko saMjoe huye haiM / purANa graMthoM ko to vaise bhI itihAsa kI koTi meM rakhA jAtA hai| tIrthakaroM, cakravartI samrAToM ko lekara aneka purANoM kI racanA huI hai| mahAbhArata ke samAna harivaMza purANa aura pANDava purANa tathA rAmAyaNa ke kathAnaka ke samAna padmapurANa jaise bar3e purANa graMtha bhAratIya paurANika sAhitya ko jaina sAhitya
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________________ sAhitya jaina kathA-sAhitya / kI mahatva pUrNa dena hai / anya jainetara paurANika sAhitya se jaina paurANika sAhitya kI vizeSatA yaha hai ki ina meM aitihAsika tathyoM kA samAveza kaI adhika hai / dUsare zabdoM meM jaina purANa vastutaH aitihAsika carita kAvya haiN| unake pAtra amAnavIya aura sarvathA paurANika na ho kara mAnavIya aura aitihAsika haiM; isI liye hamAre jIvana ke ve adhika nikaTa haiN| ina jaina purANoM meM varNita ghaTanAyeM bhI kapolakalpita nahIM jAna par3atIM / aura isameM bhI sandeha nahIM ki ina purANoM ke AdhAra para bhAratIya itihAsa kI dhUmilatA ko bahuta bar3I sImAtaka dUra kiyA jA sakA hai| . aitihAsika dRSTi se hI nahIM sAMskRtika mahatva kI dRSTi se bhI ina kathA graMthoM kA sthAna bahuta Ucca hai / isa sambaMdha meM muni jinavijayajI ke zabda uddhata karanA samIcIna hI hogA-" bhAratavarSa ke pichale DhAI hajAra varSa ke sAMskRtika itihAsa kA surekha citrapaTa aMkita karane meM jitanI vizvasta aura vistRta upAdAna sAmagrI ina kathAoM meM mila sakatI haiM utanI anya kisI prakAra ke sAhitya meM nahIM mila sakatI ! ina kathAoM meM bhArata ke bhinna-bhinna dharma, saMpradAya, rASTra , samAja, varNa Adi ke vividha koTi ke manuSyoM ke nAnA prakAra ke AcAra-vyavahAra, siddhAnta, Adarza zikSaNa, saMskAra, rItinIti, jIvana. paddhati, rAjataMtra, vANijya-vyavasAya, arthopArjana, samAjasaMgaThana, dharmAnuSThAna evaM AtmasAdhana Adi ke nirdezaka bahuvidha varNana nibaddha kiye huye haiM jinake AdhAra se hama prAcIna bhArata ke sAMskRtika itihAsa kA sarvAGgI aura sarvatomukhI mAnacitra taiyAra kara sakate haiN|" jaina kathA sAhitya kI bahuta bar3I vizeSatA usake sAhityika aura kalAtmaka rUpa meM hai| hama isa sambandha meM isI nibaMdha meM Age vicAra kreNge| yahAM itanA hI kahanA paryApta haiM ki ina kathA, kahAniyoM ke rUpoM meM jana-jIvana ke sArabhUta prasaMga maNimuktAoM kI bhAMti piroye huye haiN| yaha satya hai ki jaina kathA sAhitya kI mUla saMvedanA usakI dhArmika cetanA hai, parantu darzana aura nItikI zuSkatA ko jaina kathAkAroM dvArA saralatA aura rocakatA ke sAMce meM bar3I kuzalatA ke sAtha DhAlA gayA hai| jana-jIvana ke vyApaka dharAtala para Tike huye rahane ke kAraNa usakA rUpa bar3A prANavAn aura cetanAzIla hai| usameM mAnavajIvana kI aneka mAnavatAoM ko mUrtarUpa pradAna kiyA gayA hai| aneka bhaMgImAoM aura aneka citroM ko sajAyA gayA hai / isI liye to jaina kathA sAhitya itanA marmasparzI aura bhAvapUrNa bana sakA hai| jaina kathA sAhitya kI sArvabhaumikatA apanI inhIM vizeSatAoM ke kAraNa jaina kathA sAhitya lokajIvana meM ananya loka.
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________________ 696 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha hindI jaina priyatA ko prApta huA hai / usakI lokapriyatA kA saba se prabala pramANa yaha hai ki Aja se do hajAra varSa pUrva jaina kathAkAroMne jina kahAniyoM kA praNayana kiyA ve Aja bhI lokakathAoM ke rUpa meM bhArata ke sabhI pradezoM meM pracalita haiM / jaina AgamoM meM rAjA zreNika ke putra abhayakumAra ke buddhicAturya kI jo kathA hai vaha apane usI rUpa meM hariyANa ke lokasAhitya meM aDhAI dvaita kI kathA ke nAma se prasiddha hai aura dakSiNa ke jaiminI sTUDiyo ne isa kathA ke AdhAra para maMgalA citrapaTa kA nirmANa kiyA hai| isI prakAra zera aura kharagoza kI kahAnI jisa meM kharagoza zera ko kue meM anya zera kI parachAI dikhAkara ThagatA hai| bhikhArI kA sapanA jisa meM svapna meM havAI killA banAtA huA bhikhArI apanI eka mAtra sampati dUdha kI hAMDI ko phor3a DAlatA hai / nIla siyAra kI kahAnI jisa meM siyAra apane ko nIla raMga meM raMgakara jaMgalakA rAjA bana baiThatA hai / bandara aura kyA kI kahAnI jisa meM bandara vayA ke upadezoM ko anasunA kara ke usake ghoMsale ko naSTa karaDAlatA hai Adi aneka kahAniyAM Aja bhI sarvasAdhAraNa meM pracalita haiN| ye hI kahAniyAM jaina sAhitya ke atirikta hameM bauddha jAtakoM, paMcataMtra, hitopadeza, kathAsaritsAgara Adi jainetara kathAsAhitya meM bhI prApta hotI haiM / isakA abhiprAya yahI hai ki jaina kathA sAhitya sArvabhaumikatA kI vyApaka bhAvabhUmi para khar3A huA hai / hama use kisI samudAya yA dharmacizeSa kI saMkucita sImAoM meM nahIM bAMdha sakate aura na usakA kSetra kisI eka deza yA yuga taka hI sImita hai / usakA vizvavyApI mahatva hai aura yugavizeSa se upara uTha kara vaha vizvasAhitya kI cirantana aura zAzvata dharohara hai / samagra mAnavajAti kI vaha amUlya sampatti hai aura yaha prasannatA kI bAta hai ki isI sArvajanIna aura sArvabhaumika rUpa meM jaina kathA sAhitya kI amUlya sampatti kA upayoga bhI huA hai / jaina kathA sAhitya na kevala bhAratI kathA sAhitya kA janaka rahA hai, apitu sampUrNa vizva kathA sAhitya ko usane preraNA dI hai| bhArata kI sImAoMko lAMghakara jaina kathAeM araba, cIna, laMkA, yoropa Adi deza-dezAntaroM meM pahuMcI haiM aura apane mUla sthAna kI bhAMti vahAM bhI lokapriya huI haiN| yoropa meM pracalita aneka kathAeM jaina kathAoM se adbhuta sAmya rakhatI haiN| udAharaNa ke liye 'nAyAdhammakahA' kI cAvala ke pAMca dAne kI kathA kucha badale huye rUpa meM IsAiyoM ke dharma graMtha 'bAibila' meM prApta hotI hai| cArudatta kI kathA kA kucha aMza jahA~ vaha bakare kI khAla meM banda hokara ratnadIpa para jAtA hai sindavAda jahAjI kI kahAnI se pUrNataH milatAjulatA hai| prasiddha yoropIya vidvAna vAnI ne kathAkoza kI bhUmikA meM yaha spaSTa kara diyA hai ki vizva kathAoM kA phalasrota jainoM kA kathA sAhitya hI hai, kyoMki jaina kathA
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________________ sAhitya jaina kathA - sAhitya | 697 kozoM kI kahAniyoM aura yoropa kI kahAniyoM meM praryApta sAmyatA hai tathA yaha bhI nizcita hai ki ye saba kI saba kahAniyAM jaina kathA sAhitya se udhAra lI gaI haiN| TvAnI ne aneka udAharaNoM dvArA isa bAta ko siddha kiyA hai| I 1 prasiddha yoropIya vidvAna prophesara jaikobIne apanI 'pariziSTa parva' kI bhUmikA meM eka strI aura usake premI kI eka jaina kathA ko uddhRta kiyA hai / Azcarya kI bAta hai| ki yahI kahAnI jyoM kI tyoM cIna ke lokasAhitya meM pracalita hai aura phrAMsa meM bhI kucha rUpAntara ke sAtha lokapriya hai 1 ' alipha lailA' ( ArabopanyAsa ) kI kahAniyoM kA mUla AdhAra bhI jaina kathAsAhitya hai, yaha bAta kucha Azcaryajanaka sI pratIta hotI huI bhI satya hai / 'alipha lailA' meM eka vajIra kI lar3akI bAdazAha kI malikA bana kara prati rAtri eka kahAnI sunA kara apane prANa bacAtI hai| isI prakAra AvazyakacUrNi kI kahAnI caturAI kA mUlya' hai jisakI nAyikA kanakamaMjarI prati rAtri eka kahAnI sunAne kA lobha de kara apane pati ko jo ki rAjA hai 6 mAsa taka apane pAsa roke rahatI hai / 'nAyAdhammakahA' kI ' pralobhanoM ko jIto' kahAnI kA kathAnaka kahAniyoM se bahuta sAmya rakhatA hai / " 4 alipha lailA kI jaina kathAoM kI yaha yAtrA yoropa Adi dezoM meM kisa prakAra huI yaha eka zodhanIya viSaya hai / prAya vidvAnoM kA mata hai ki jainadharma kA pracAra bhArata se bAhara kama huA hai; ataH videzoM meM jo jaina kathAaiM prApya haiM ve bauddha sAhitya ke mAdhyama se pahu~cI hai / para yaha bhramAtmaka dhAraNA hai| Adhunika anusaMdhAnoM se yaha bhalI bhAMti spaSTa ho cukA hai ki bauddha dharma kI bhAMti jaina dharma kA pracAra bhI videzoM meM prabalavega se huA thA / isa bAta ke pramANa Aja milate haiN| Der3ha hajAra varSa pUrva dakSiNa bhArata meM bahuta jainI araba deza se Akara base the / araba deza meM jaina dharma kisI samaya atyanta vyApaka rUpa se phailA huA thA yaha bAta nizcita hai / maurya samrAT samprati ne araba aura IrAna meM jaina muniyoM kA vihAra karavAyA thA / dakSiNa ke tirumalaya parvata ke zilAlekha meM ' elAnIyA yavanikA ' ' rAjarAja pAvagata' aura vidugahalagiya perumala nAma ke jaina dharmAlambI rAjAoM kA ullekha hai / inakA sambandha spaSTa rUpa se araba deza se thA / antima rAjA perumane to makkA kI yAtrA bhI kI thii| jina dezoM meM bhagavAn mahAvIra kA vihAra huA unameM zrI jinasenAcAryane yavanazruti, kvAthatoya, surubhIru tArNakArNa Adi dezoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai / ye nizcaya hI bhArata se bAhara ke deza haiN| inameM se yavanazruti Aja 22
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha hindI jaina kA yUnAna hai / kAthatoya lAlasAgara ke nikaTavartI pradeza haiM / isa prakAra ina pradezoM meM jaina dharma ke pracAra ke rUpa meM jaina kathAaiM bhI pahuMcI hoMgI aura vahA~ ke sAhitya meM unhoMne mahatvapUrNa sthAna prApta kiyA hogaa| jaina kathAoM kA sAhityika anuzIlana jaina dharma kA darzanavizeSa kI abhivyakti kA mAdhyama hote huye bhI isakI kathAyeM vizuddha sAhitya kI dRSTi se atyanta mahatvapUrNa haiM yaha bAta niHsaMkoca rUpa se svIkAra kI jA sakatI hai| satya to yaha hai ki kathAsAhitya kA dhyeya lokaruci kA manoraMjana mAtra hI nahIM hai, apitu isake sAtha-sAtha apane pAThakoM ko vicAroM kI sAmagrI bhI pradAna karanA hai / Adhunika kathAsAhitya kI yahI mUla cetanA hai / Aja kI sabhI utkRSTa kahAniyAM aura upanyAsa nizcaya rUpa se kisI na kisI vicAradarzana se prabhAvita haiM-cAhe vaha phrAyaDa kA maunavAda ho athavA mArksa kA dvandvAtmaka bhautikavAda athavA gAMdhIjI kA vicAradarzana / Aja ve kathAkAra mUla rUpa se ina vicAradhArAoM se prabhAvita apanI saMvedanAoM ke anukUla kalpanA ke sahAre kathAnaka cunate haiM, pAtroM kI yojanA karate haiM aura prabhAvotpAdaka zailI dvArA kathA sAhitya kI sRSTi karate haiM / eka nizcita saMvedanA ( jise anya zabdoM meM kathAkAra kA uddeza hI kahA jA sakatA hai ) kathAnaka, pAtra aura zailI Aja ke kathAsAhitya ke ye hI mUla tatva haiM / Aja se hajAroM varSa pUrva race gaye jaina kathAsAhitya ne apane bhItara ina mUla tatvoM kA samAveza kara kahAnI-kalA ke marma ko bhalI bhAMti samajha liyA thaa| Adhunika kathA sAhitya kI bhAMti jaina kathA sAhitya bhI bhAvagata pravRtti kI dRSTi se eka nizcita vicAradarzana ko lekara calA hai aura vaha vicAradarzana hai usakA karma vaad| isa mAnava-saMsAra meM manuSya apane bure karmoM dvArA nAnA prakAra kI yAtanAeM bhogatA hai / eka janma meM hI nahIM, aneka janmoM meM use bUre karmoM kA phala prApta hotA hai / saMsAra meM rahate huye jina prANiyoM ke sAtha usane bUrA vyavahAra kiyA thA kisI na kisI rUpa meM usake duSkamoM kA badalA cukAyA jAtA hai / isake viparIta zubha karma karane vAle sadaiva sukha prApta karate haiN| pApAtmAoM dvArA satAye jAne para deva Adi unakI rakSA karate haiM / eka janma meM kaSTa sahakara dUsare janma meM ve ananya sukha kA bhoga karate haiM / karmavAda kI isI bhAvabhUmi ko le kara prAya samasta jaina kathAsAhitya racA gayA hai / manuja samAja ko burAI se bacane aura bhalAI meM pravRtta hone kI preraNA denA hI isa kathAsAhitya kI
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________________ sAhitya jaina kathA-sAhitya / mUla cetanA hai| isI mUla cetanA ke AdhAra para jaina kathAkAroM ne apane kathAnakoM meM aisI ghaTanAoM ko janma diyA hai jina ke dvArA sAdhAraNa manuSyoM ke hRdayoM meM pApakarmoM kI ora se aruci ho tathA zubha kAryoM ke prati lagna ho| aise sat asat pAtroM kI yojanA kI hai jinake caritra eka ora burAI se ghRNA karanA sikhAte haiM aura dUsarI ora Adarza jIvana kI ora prerita karate haiM, kyoMki jaina kathA sAhitya kI prAyaH sabhI kahAniyoM meM bure pAtroM kA anta dukhAtmaka hotA hai aura sat pAtra aneka kaSTa sahana karate huye anta meM vijayI hote haiM aura sukha ke bhAgI vanate haiN| isa prakAra mUla rUpa se sampUrNa jaina kathAsAhitya AdarzonmukhI hai| yaha AdarzavAditA jaina kathAsAhitya kI hI vizeSatA nahIM hai, varan sampUrNa bhAratIya sAhitya hI AdarzavAditA kI surabhi se suvAsita hai| bhAratIya sAhitya ke sabhI prabaMdha kAvya, cAhe ve saMskRta ke hoM athavA hindI ke, Adarza mUlaka haiM / saMskRta nATakoM kA pAzcAtya nATakoM ke viparIta sukhAnta honA AdarzavAdI bhAvanA kA hI paricAyaka hai| AdarzonmukhI jaina kathAsAhityane bhI isI gauravamayI bhAratIya paramparA ko adhika sajagatA ke sAtha surakSita banAe rakhA hai| AdarzonmukhI hote huye bhI jaina kathA sAhitya jIvana ke yathArtha dharAtala para TikA huA hai / yaha dharAtaNa aitihAsika ghaTanAoM aura sAmAjika jIvana kI vividha bhaMgimAoM se nirmita huA hai / aitihAsika kathAnaka prAyaH rAjakuloM se hI sambandhita haiM aura yaha svAbhAvika bhI hai; parantu sAmAjika jIvana se jo kathAnaka cune gaye haiM ve sabhI vargoM ke jIvana se sambandha rakhate haiM / ina sAmAjika kathAnakoM kA bhAvakSetra itanA vistRta hai ki na kevala mAnava samudAya, apitu pazu-pakSiyoM ko usameM sthAna milA hai| phira bhI jaina kathA sAhitya meM vaNika samudAya ko adhika pramukhatA milI hai / saMbhavataH isa kAraNa isa samAja meM hI jaina dharma kA adhika pracAra hotA hai| kathAnakoM ke rUpa meM jina ghaTanA vyApAroM kI yojanA kI gaI hai ve itanI amAnavIya aura atiraMjanApUrNa nahIM haiM ki una para avizvAsa kiyA jA ske| vaise aneka kahAniyoM meM vidyAdharoM kA A TapakanA, vidyAoM kI siddhi aura maMtra ke camatkAra se adbhuta ghaTanAoM kI sRSTi Adi abhautika aura amAnavIya tatva mila sakate haiM, kintu jina kahAniyoM meM aisI alaukika bAteM nahIM hai ve kahAniyAM vizuddha yathArtha kI dIpti se dIpita haiM aura pUrNarUpa se hameM apane jIvana kI hI ciraparicita ghaTanAaiM jAna par3atI haiN| racanA-vidhAna kI dRSTi se ye kathAnaka sarvathA iti vRtAtmaka haiM / unakI gati meM adhika jaTilatA nahIM hai / bar3I kahAniyoM meM avazya kathAnaka aneka bhAva-cetanAoM ko
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________________ 700 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-preya hindI jaina sparza karate huye paMcataMtra kI kahAniyoM kI bhAMti aneka zAkhA-prazAkhAoM meM phaTa gaye haiN| eka hI kahAnI meM aneka choTe-bar3e svatantra kathAnaka guMthe huye haiN| ina prAsaMgika kathAnakoM ko nizcita rUpa se svatantra kahAniyoM kA rUpa diyA jA sakatA hai| laghu kathAoM kA rUpa bar3A hI kalAtmaka hai aura unameM kama pAtroM tathA kama ghaTanA-vyApAroM dvArA mAnava. jIvana ke sArabhUta prasaMgoM kI bar3I tIvratama vyAkhyA huI hai / vastuvilAsa kI dRSTi se ina kathAnakoM ke sahaja hI tIna bhAga kiye jA sakate hai / Arambha, madhya aura anta / kathA ke Arambha bhAga meM hameM mukhya pAtroM kA paricaya, kahAnI kI vAstavika samasyA kA saMketa aura Age AnevAlI ghaTanAoM kA sUtra milatA hai| madhya bhAga meM ghaTanAoM kA vistAra, pAtroM kI cAritrika vizeSatAoM kA ubhAra milatA hai| yahIM kahAnI kI AtmA vAstavika rUpa se prasphuTita hotI hai| kahAnI kA aMtabhAga usa kI parama sImA hai / yahAM kathAkAra apane pAThakoM ko eka nizcita lakSya para lAkara chor3a detA hai / kahAnI kI mUla cetanA kathAkAra ke sandeza ko pAThakoM taka pahuMcAtI huI apane prakRta rUpa meM vyakta hotI hai| ___yaha satya hai ki jaina kathA sAhitya meM ghaTanAbahula kathAnakoM kI hI pradhAnatA hai, phira bhI kathAnaka ghaTanApradhAna nahIM kahe jA sakate / isakA spaSTa kAraNa hai| ghaTanAyeM yahAM nimitta mAtra banakara AtI haiM aura una kA mUla uddezya pAtroM kI caritragata vizeSatAoM ko ubhArate huye pAThaka ko eka nizcita lakSa taka pahuMcAnA hotA hai / kathAkAra ghaTanAoM kI yojanA isa DhaMga se karatA hai ki asat pAtroM kA krodha, mAna, mada, moha, lobha, hiMsA Adi malina vAsanAoM se Achanna caritra apane prakRta rUpa meM pAThakoM ke sAmane rakhA jA sake, tathA sad pAtra asad pAtroM dvArA nirantara kaSTabhogI hone para bhI Adarza caritra kA udAharaNa prastuta kara ske| ina asad pAtroM kA kahIM to bar3A karuNA. janaka anta hotA hai aura kahIM caritra parivartana ke dvArA ve bhI Adarza jIvana vyatIta karane lagate haiM / asad pAtroM ke caritra parivartana meM Akasmika ghaTanAoM kI avatAraNA bahuta kama kI gaI haiM / isa ke viparIta yaha caritra parivartana yA to muni upadeza ke prabhAva se huA hai athavA dUsaroM kA khoTe karmoM dvArA bUrA anta dekhakara athavA sad pAtroM ke hI Adarza jIvana se prabhAvita hokara athavA apane duHkhita jIvana ke pazcAttApa dvaaraa| kathAnaka kI bhAMti jaina kathA sAhitya kI pAtrayogyatA bhI bar3I vyApaka aura gahana hai / usa meM rAjA se lekara raMka, brAhmaNa se lekara cANDAla, sAhUkAra se lekara cora,
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________________ sAhitya jainakathA - sAhitya | 701 satI se lekara vaizyA sabhI vargoM ke pAtroM kA samAveza hai / nArI, puruSa, bAla, vRddha, yuvA, muni, kinnara, yakSa, vidyAdhara, deva yahAM taka ki pakSI sabhI pAtra rUpa meM jaina kathA kahAniyoM meM vidyamAna haiM / kahAniyoM ke nArI aura puruSa donoM hI pAtra sat asat pravRtiyoM ko liye huye haiN| donoM kA hI vyaktitva kahAniyoM meM bahuta mahatvapUrNa hai / ghaTanAeM unake karmazIla jIvana ko hI kendra banA kara gatizIla hotI haiM / satya to yaha hai ki kathA sAhitya ke sabhI pAtra sajIva aura yathArtha haiN| ve apane caritra kI durbalatAoM aura zaktioM se hamAre hRdaya ko sparza karate haiN| ghaTanAoM ke ghAta - pratighAta meM unakA kahIM utthAna hotA hai, kahIM patana / samagra rUpa se kathAkAra ne apane pAtroM ko prakRta rUpa meM hI hamAre sAmane rakhA hai / Aja kI kahAniyoM kI bhAMti mAnasika antardvandva, unake caritra kA manovaijJAnika adhyayana, unake antaratama ke gUr3ha rahasyoM kA udghATana ina kathA kahAniyoM meM prApta nahIM hotA / isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki Aja ke kahAnIkAra kA mukhya dhyeya hI apane pAtroM kA cAritrika vizleSaNa hai / parantu ina purAtana kathA kahAniyoM meM kathAnaka kI bhAMti pAtra bhI nimitta mAtra haiM / isaliye ina kahAniyoM ko hama spaSTa rUpa se caritrapradhAna bhI nahIM kaha sakate / pAtroM kI avatAraNA vastutaH burAI kA anta burAI meM aura bhalAI kA anta bhalAI meM dikhAne ke liye kI jAtI hai / kathAkAra ko itanA avakAza hI nahIM hotA ki vaha paristhitiyoM ke ghAta-pratighAta ke bIca DUbate- tarate huye pAtroM ke caritroM kA manovaijJAnika adhyayana kre| phira jina sAdhAraNa pAThakoM ke liye ina kathAoM kI yojanA kI gaI thI unake liye aisA apekSita bhI na thA / kahAniyoM kA manoraMjaka itivRta hI unake liye yatheSTha thA / isIliye ina kathA-kahAniyoM kI caritracitraNa praNAlI bhI itivRtAtmaka hai / Aja kI bhAMti taba mudraNakalA kI suvivAaiM bhI nahIM thIM / kahAniyoM kA pracAra maukhika rUpa se hI hotA thA, phalataH kahAniyoM kA rUpa sIdhAsAdhA hotA thA jo sAdhAraNa stara ke pAThakoM ko sahaja hI hRdayaMgama ho sake / usa samaya ke kathAkAra ke liye kathAnaka yA caritra vizleSaNa ko lekara kisI prakAra ke kalAtmaka sRjana kI na to AvazyaktA hI thI aura na aisA ucita hI thA / taba mudraNa yaMtra ke abhAva aura kahAniyoM ke maukhika prasAra ke kAraNa Aja kI kahAniyoM tathA prAcIna kahAniyoM ke zailI - vidhAna meM bhI paryApta antara hai / Aja kI kahAniyAM zailI kI dRSTi se aneka rUpa liye huye haiM / kahIM ve kathAtmaka haiM, kahIM Atmacaritra zailI meM likhI gaI haiN| kahIM unakA rUpa aitihAsika hai jahA~ kahAnIkAra apanI ora se hIM kathAvAcaka kI bhAMti kahAnI kahatA calatA hai / kahIM yaha zailI 1
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________________ 702 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha hindI jaina nATakIya hai / prAraMbha bhI kahAnI kA aba bar3e AkarSaka DhaMga se kiyA jAtA hai| parantu prAcIna kahAniyoM meM ye saba bAteM nahIM haiM / zailI kI dRSTi se sabhI kahAniyA~ itivRttAtmaka haiM aura unakA pAtra 'campApurI nagari meM jinadatta nAmaka seTha rahatA thA' aise vAkyoM se hotA hai / sampUrNa kahAnI kA rUpa isI prakAra kA hotA hai jaise koI vyakti kisI ghaTanAko apane sAthiyoM ko sunA rahA ho| aMgrejI kI prAcIna kahAniyAM tathA araba kI purAnI kahAniyA~ bhI isI prakAra kI haiM, jaise 'vonsa apona e TAima ( once upon a time ) tathA ' eka daphAkA jikra hai ki / ' isa prakAra bhAvagata aura racanAgata donoM hI rUpoM meM jaina kathA sAhitya bahuta hI puSTa aura prANavAn hai| usa meM nIti, dharma aura sAhitya kA maNikAMcana saMyoga hai| sAhitya kA mUla prayojana hI mAnava bhAvanAoM ko pariSkRta karanA, use pazu sataha se Upara uThAnA, usa kI kalAtmaka abhiruci ko svastha upAdAna pradAna karanA hai| isI rUpa meM sAhitya mAnavatA kA pathapradarzaka hai| sampUrNa jaina kathA sAhitya sAhitya ke isI mUla prayojana ke cetanA rasa se anuprANita hai| vizuddha sAhitya kI vyApaka bhUmi para khar3e hokara usane manuja samAja ko mAnavatA kA nikhila sauMdarya pradAna kiyA hai / usa meM sAhitya ke kalAtmaka mAdhyama dvArA ahiMsA, karuNA, kSamA, tyAga, dayA, saMyama Adi udAtta vRttiyoM kA jvalanta sandeza hai / apanI isI viziSTatA ke kAraNa sampUrNa bhAratIya vAGgamaya meM jaina kathA sAhitya zIrSa sthAna para virAjamAna hone yogya hai|
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________________ rAjasthAnI jainasAhitya zrI agaracaMda nAhaTA 1 rAjasthAnI jaina sAhitya kI vizAlatA, vijJAnatA evaM vizeSatAe~rAjasthAnI bhASA apabhraMza kI jeThI beTI hai / apabhraMza bhASA sAhitya kI saba se adhika vizeSatAeM isI bhASA va sAhitya meM dRSTigocara hotI haiN| isakA prAcIna nAma marubhASA hai / rAjasthAnI jaina sAhitya bahuta vizAla evaM vividha hai / vizAla itanA ki parimANa merI dhAraNA ke anusAra cAraNoM ke sAhitya se bhI bAjI mAra legA / usakI maulika vizeSatAeM bhI kama nahIM haiN| usakI saba se prathama vizeSatA yaha hai ki vaha jana - bhASA meM likhA hai| ataH vaha sarala hai / cAraNoM Adine jisa prakAra zabdoM ko tor3a-maror3a kara apanI graMthoM kI bhASA ko durUha banA liyA hai vaisA jaina vidvAnoMne nahIM kiyA hai / isIliye vaha bahuta bar3e kSetra meM sugamatA se samajhA jA sakatA hai / usakI dUsarI vizeSatA hai jIvana ko ucca stara para lejAne vAle prANavAn sAhitya kI pracuratA / jainamuni nivRtti - pradhAna the / ve kisI rAjAoM Adi ke Azrita nahIM the jisase unheM bar3hAkara cATukArI varNana karane kI AvazyakatA hotI / yuddha meM protsAhita karanA bhI unakA dharma nahIM thA aura zRMgAra rasotpAdaka sAhitya dvArA janatA ko vilAsitA kI ora agrasara karanA bhI unake AcAra viruddha thA / ataH unhoMne janatA ke upayogI aura unake jIvana ko UMce uThAnevAle sAhitya kA hI nirmANa kiyA / cAraNoM kA sAhitya vIrarasapradhAna hai aura usake bAda zRMgAra rasa kA sthAna AtA hai / bhaktiracanAeM bhI unakI kucha prApta haiN| para jaina sAhitya meM naitikatA aura dharma pradhAna haiM aura zAnta rasa kI mukhyatA to sarvatra pAI jAtI hai| jaina vidvAnoM kA uddezya jana-jIvana meM AdhyAtmika jAgRti phUMkanA thA / naitika aura bhaktipUrNa jIvana hI unakA carama lakSa thA / unhoMne apane isa uddezya ke liye kathAnakoM ko vizeSarUpa se apanAyA / tatvajJAna sUkhA viSaya hai / sAdhAraNa janatA kI vahAM taka pahuMca nahIM aura na usameM unakI ruci va rasa ho sakatA hai / unako to dRSTAntoM ke dvArA dharma kA marma samajhAyA jAya tabhI unake hRdaya ko vaha dharma chU sakatA hai / kathA-kahAnI sabase adhika lokapriya hone ke kAraNa usake dvArA dhArmika tattvoM kA pracAra zIghratA se ho sakatA hai| isa bAta ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue unhoMne dAna, zIla, tapa aura bhAvanA evaM isI prakAra ke anya dhArmika vrata - niyamoM ko ( 86 )
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________________ 704 bhImad vijayarAjendrari-smAraka-graMtha hindI jaina spaSTa karanevAle kathAnakoM ko unhoMne dharmapracAra kA mAdhyama bnaayaa| isake pazcAt jainatIrthaMkaroM evaM AcAryoM ke guNavarNanAtmaka evaM aitihAsika kAvyoM kA naMbara AtA hai| isase janatA ke sAmane mahApuruSoM ke jIvana-Adarza sahaja rUpa se upasthita hote haiN| ina donoM prakAra ke sAhitya se janatA ko apane jIvana ko sudhArane meM evaM naitika tathA dhArmika AdarzoM se paripUrNa karane meM bar3I preraNA milI / rAjasthAnI-jaina-sAhitya ke mahattva ke saMbaMdha meM do bAteM ullekhanIya haiM--(1) bhASA-vijJAna kI dRSTi se usakA mahattva hai (2) 13 vIM se 15 vIM zatAbdI taka kA jainetara rAjasthAnI svataMtra graMtha upalabdha nahIM hai / usakI pUrti rAjasthAnI-jaina-sAhitya karatA hai / apabhraMza se rAjasthAnI bhASA ke vikAsa ke sUtra rAjasthAnI-jaina-sAhitya dvArA hI prApta hote haiM, kyoMki jaba se rAjasthAnI bhASA meM granthoM kA nirmANa prArambha huA tabase pratyeka zatAbdI ke pratyeka caraNa kI jaina-racanAyeM upalabdha haiN| dUsarI mahattvapUrNa bAta yaha bhI hai ki jainetara rAjasthAnI racanAoM kI pratiyAM samakAlIna likhI huI prApta nahIM hotI, jabaki rAjasthAnI kI jaina racanAoM kI tatkAlIna likhita pratiyAM prApta haiN| lokabhASA meM race hue graMthoM kI bhASA kI pramANikatA ke saMbaMdha meM tatkAlIna pratiyoM kI anupalabdhi meM ThIka taraha kucha kahA nahIM jA sktaa| kyoMki lekhakoM dvArA bhASA aura bahuta bAra to pATha evaM zabdoM meM parivartana kara diyA jAtA hai / lokapriya prasiddha graMthoM meM to samaya-samaya para paravartI lekhakoM dvArA pAThaprakSepa rUpa parivartana hotA hI rahatA hai / maukhika sAhitya ke saMbaMdha meM yaha bAta aura bhI vizeSa rUpa se lAgU hotI hai| jaina-bhaMDAroM meM jo hastalikhita pratiye upalabdha haiM unameM se adhikAMza suzikSita muniyoM ke dvArA likhI hone se zuddha bhI vizeSa rUpa se milatI haiN| jaina-vidvAnoM ne svayaM graMtha nirmANa karane ke sAtha-sAtha dUsaroM ke race graMthoM para vizada TIkAeM bhI banAI haiM / ' kisana rukamaNI veli' ko hI lIjiye-isa para lAkhA cAraNa kI jainetara TIkA eka hI upalabdha hai, para jaina-vidvAnoM dvArA racita 6-7 TIkAeM prApta ho cukI haiM, jinameM se do TIkAeM to saMskRta bhASA meM bhI haiN| isI prakAra hiMdI aura saMskRta ke jainetara sarvopayogI graMthoM para bhI jainavidvAnoM ne rAjasthAnI bhASA meM TIkAeM likhI haiN| udAharaNArtha:--- saMskRta ke bhartRharizataka, amaruzataka, laghustotra, sArasvata vyAkaraNa Adi para jaina yatiyoM dvArA racita rAjasthAnI TIkAeM prApta haiN| bhartRharizataka kI to rUpacaMda aura lakSmIvallabha kI do TIkAeM haiM / hiMdI graMthoM meM se 'rasika priyA' para kuzaladhIra kI aura kezavadAsa ke nakha-zikha kI rAjasthAnI TIkA upalabdha haiM / aneka rAjasthAnI graMthoM ko bacA rakhane kA zreya bhI jainavidvAnoM ko hI hai| jaise-rAjasthAnI bhASA ke jainetara saba se prAcIna
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________________ 705 sAhitya rAjasthAnI jainasAhitya / vIsaladeva rAso kI upalabdha samasta pratiyA~ jaina yatiyoM kI likhita hI haiN| jainetara racita eka bhI prati kahIM prApta nahIM hai / isI prakAra hamAre saMgraha meM bIkAnera ke rAva jaitasI saMbaMdhI aitihAsika graMtha 'jaitasI rAso' kI do pratiyAM upalabdha haiM, jabaki isa graMtha kI anya eka bhI prati jaitasI ke vaMzaja anUpasiMhajI kI viziSTa lAibrerI meM bhI prApta nahIM hai / cAraNa sAMkura kavi racita 'bacchAvata-vaMzAvalI', cAraNa ratanU kRSNadAsa racita 'rAsA vilAsa' nAma ke aitihAsika kAvya evaM hamIra racita rAjasthAnI kA chaMda graMtha 'lakhapata guNa piMgala ' / isI prakAra aisI aneka jainetara rAjasthAnI graMthoM kI pratiye jaina-bhaNDAroM meM hI surakSita milatI haiN| jodhapura ke mahArAjA jasavantasiMhajI kA mantrI lagharAja racita kaI granthoM kI pratiyeM hAla hI jaina bhaNDAroM se prApta huI haiN| jinakI anya pratiyeM jodhapura ke rAjakIya saMgrahAlaya Adi meM kahIM nahIM haiM / bhAgavata ke rAjasthAnI-gadyAnuvAda kI sacitra prati bhI jaina yati dvArA likhita hamAre saMgraha meM prApta hai| ___kavi hAlU racita ' vaitAlapaccIsI', vipra vastA racita -- vikrama parakAyapraveza' kathA, duraha racita 'virahaNa carita caupAI ', lAla racita 'vikramAditya caupAI ' Adi aura bhI aneka jainetara rAjasthAnI grantha jaina bhaNDAroM meM hI prApta haiM / prAcIna cAraNa Adi kaviyoM ke padyoM ke saMrakSaNa kA zreya bhI jaina vidvAnoM ko hI hai / pravandhacintAmaNi, kumArapAlapratibodha, upadezataraMgiNI Adi aitihAsika prabandha graMthoM meM ve prAcIna padya uddhRta pAye jAte haiN| jaina vidvAnoM kI sAhitya ke sRjana evaM saMrakSaNa meM sadA se bar3I udAra nIti rahI hai| ve bar3e sAhityapremI hote the| jaina-janetara ke bhedabhAva ke binA koI bhI upayogI grantha kisI bhI bhASA meM kisI bhI viSaya kA racA gayA ho, use ve kahIM dekha lete to pratilipi karake apane bhaNDAroM meM rakha lete the| svayaM vidvAn hone ke kAraNa ve usakI jI jAna se rakSA karate the| isI kAraNa jaba ki jainetara saMgrahAlaya bahuta thor3e se hI surakSita milate haiM, taba jaina jJAnabhaMDAra saiMkar3oM kI saMkhyA meM yatra-tatra surakSita avasthA meM prApta haiM / rAjasthAna ko hI lIjiye-yahAM aba bhI lakSAdhika hastalikhita pratiyeM jaina jJAnabhaMDAroM meM surakSita haiN| jinameM jaisalamera kA bhaMDAra tADapatrIya prAcIna pratiyoM evaM anya graMthoM ke saMgraha ke rUpa meM vizvavidita hai / isa bhaMDAra meM 10 vIM zatAbdI kI tADapatrIya evaM 13 vIM zatAbdI kI kAgaja para likhita pratiye prApta haiM / itanI prAcIna tADapatrIya va kAgaja para likhI huI pratiyeM 1. de. marubhAratI
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________________ 706 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha hindI jaina bhAratabhara ke kisI jainabhaMDAra meM upalabdha nahIM haiN| inameM kevala jaina graMtha hI nahIM,bhagavadgItA, sAMkhyasaptati, nyAyavArtika, jaya deva chaMda, lIlAvatI prAkRta kathA evaM anya pacAseka jainetara graMthoM kI prAcInatama tAr3apatrIya pratiyeM surakSita haiN| pratiyoM kI saMkhyA kI bahulatA kI dRSTi se bIkAnera ke jaina jJAnabhaMDAra bhI ullekha yogya haiN| ina bhaMDAroM meM 40000 pratiye haiN| eka bhrAnta dhAraNA kA unmUla: kaI vidvAnoM kI yaha bhrAnta dhAraNA hai ki jaina sAhitya jaina dharma se hI saMbaMdhita hai, vaha sarvajanopayogI sAhitya nahIM hai; para yaha dhAraNA nitAnta bhramapUrNa hai / vAstava meM jainasAhitya kI jAnakArI ke abhAva meM hI unhoMne yaha dhAraNA banA rakhI hai / isIliye ve jaina sAhitya ke adhyayana se udAsIna raha kara milanevAle mahAn lAbha se vaMcita raha jAte haiN| udAharaNArthaHjaina vidvAnoM ne aitihAsika sAhitya bhI bahuta likhA hai / usakI jAnakArI ke binA bhAratIya itihAsa sarvAMgapUrNa likhA jAnA asaMbhava hai| rAjasthAna ke itihAsa meM hI lIjiye, yahAM ke itihAsa se saMbaMdhita jaina grantha aneka haiN| unake samyak anuzIlana ke abhAva meM bahutasI jAnakArI apUrNa evaM bhrAnta raha jAtI hai| isI prakAra gujarAta ke itihAsa ke saba se adhika sAdhana to jaina vidvAnoM ke racita aitihAsika prabandha Adi grantha hI haiN| rAjasthAna ke prAcIna grAmoM kI prAcIna zaudha jaba bhI kI jAyagI, jaina-vidvAnoM ke yAtrAvarNana, vihAra, tIrthayAtrA, dharmapracAra Adi ke ullekhavAle granthoM kA upayoga bahuta hI mahatvapUrNa siddha hogaa| rAjasthAnI jainasAhitya meM bhI aise aneka grantha haiM jo jainadharma ke kisI bhI viSaya se saMbaMdhita na hokara sarva janopayogI dRSTi se likhe gaye haiN| udAharaNArtha do cAra granthoM kA nirdeza hI yahAM kAphI hogaa| kavi dalapatavijayane 'khumANarAso' nAmaka graMtha rcaa| usameM udayapura ke mahArANAoM kA yathAzruta itivRtta saMkalita hai| isameM jainoM kA saMbaMdha kucha bhI nahIM hai| isI prakAra hemaratna aura labdhodaya Adine gorA-bAdala aura padmAvatI AkhyAna para rAsa banAye haiM joki saba ke liye samAna upayogI haiN| jaina kavi kuzala. lAbhane 'piMgalaziromaNi', rAjasomane 'dohAcandrikA' Adi rAjasthAnI chaMda graMtha banAe haiN| kuzalalAbhane to jisakA jainoM ke liye kucha bhI upayoga nahIM hai vaisA ' devI sAtamI' prantha banAyA hai| isI prakAra somasundara nAmaka yatine jainetara purANoM meM ullikhita ' ekAdazI kathA' para kAvya banAyA hai| vidyA kuzala evaM cAritradharmane rAjasthAnI bhASA meM sundara rAmAyaNa banAI hai jisameM unhoMne jainAcAryoM dvArA likhita rAmacarita kA upayoga na kara vAlmiki rAmAyaNa kA AdhAra liyA hai| arthAt jaina rAmakathA kI upekSA karake sarvajana
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________________ sAhitya rAjasthAnI jainasAhitya / voue prasiddha rAmakathA ko pracArita kI hai / isa bAta ko vizeSa spaSTa karane ke liye maiM choTI-bar3I pacAsoM racanAoM kI aisI sUcI yahAM nIce de rahA hUM jo saba ke liye samAnarUpa se upayogI hai| 1 vyAkaraNa:-bAla zikSA, ukti ratnAkara, ukti samuccaya, kAtaMtra vAlAvabodha, paMcasaMghi bAlAvabodha, hema vyAkaraNa bhASA TIkA, sArasvata bAlAvabodha / 2 chadaH-piMgalaziromaNi, duhA caMdrikA, rAjasthAnI gItoM kA chaMda pantha, vRttaratnAkara baalaavbodh| 3 alaMkAraH-vAgbhaTTAlaMkAra bAlAvabodha, vidagdhamukhamaMDana bAlAvabodha, rasikapriyA bAlAvabodha / 4 kAvya TIkAeM:-martRharizataka bhASATIkAdvaya, amaruzataka, laghustava bAlAvavodha, kisanarukamaNI belikI 6 TIkAeM, dhUrtAkhyAna kathAsAra kAdaMbarI kathAsAra / 5 vaidyakA-mAdhavanidAna TabbA, sannipAtakalikA TabbAdvaya, pathyApathya TabbA, vaidyajIvana TabbA, zatazlokI TabbA, phuTakara prayogoM ke saMgraha to rAjasthAnI bhASA meM hajAroM patra haiN| 6 gaNita:-lIlAvatI bhASA caupAI, gaNitasAra caupAI / 7 jyotiSaH-laghujAtakavacanikA, jAtakakarmapaddhati bAlAvabodha, vivAhapaDala bAlAvabodha, bhuvanadIpaka bAlAvabodha, camatkAra ciMtAmaNi bAlavabodha, muhUrtacintAmaNi bAlAvabodha, vivAhapaDala bhASA, gaNita sAThIso, paMcAMga nayana caupAI, zukanadIpikA caupAI, aMgaphurakana caupAI, varSaphalAphala sajjhAya / hIrakalaza-rAjasthAnI dohoM Adi meM yaha jyotiSa saMbaMdhI atyanta mahatvapUrNa grantha hai| isakI racanA saM0 1657 meM hIrakalaza nAmaka kharataragacchIya jaina yatine kI hai / padya saMkhyA 1000 ke lagabhaga hai / sArAbhAI maNilAla navAbane gujarAtI vive vana ke sAtha ahamadAbAda se prakAzita bhI kara diyA hai / 8 nItiH-cANakyanItiTabbA, paMcAkhyAna caupAI / makhalAka alamohuznai-isa phArazI grantha kA 'nItiprakAza' ke nAma se muhaNota saMgrAmasiMha racita upalabdha huA hai jo bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa hai| paMca khyAna kA gadya meM anuvAda bhI milA hai, jisakI bhASA bhI bahuta sundara hai| 9aitihAsikaH-muMhaNota naiNasI kI khyAta to rAjasthAna ke itihAsa ke liye anamola graMtha hai / yaha sarvavidita hai / muhaNota naiNasI jaina zrAvaka the / inhoMne mAravAr3a ke grAmoM ke saMbaMdha meM eka aura bhI mahattvapUrNa graMtha likhA thA, jisakI prati unake vaMzaja vRddharAjajI ke bhatIje budharAjajI muhaNota ke pAsa hai / isa graMtha ko prakAza meM lAnA atyanta Avazyaka hai|
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________________ bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha hindI jaina naiNasI kI khyAta kA kucha aMza mUla rUpa se paM0 rAmakarNajI AsopAne do bhAgo meM prakAzita kiyA hai| abhI usakA eka sundara saMskaraNa rAjasthAna purAtatva maMdira se chapanA prAraMbha huA hai jisakA saMpAdana zrI badarIprasAda sAkariyA kara rahe haiN| rAThor3a amarasiMha kI bAta bhI samakAlIna jaina-yatilikhita mere saMgraha meM hai| jise maiMne bhAratIya vidyA meM prakAzita kara diyA hai / rAThor3oM kI khyAta aura vaMzAvaliye jainayatiyoM dvArA likhita prApta haiM / jodhapura ke gAMvoM kI upaja saMbaMdhI hakIkata jayapura ke zrIpUjya jI ke pAsa hai, jisakI pratilipi mere saMgraha meM hai| bAr3amera ke yati indracandrajI ke saMgraha meM begar3agacchIya jinasamudrasari racita rAThor3a-vaMzAvalI maiMne dekhI thI jo aba naSTa ho gaI hogii| khumANarAso, gorAbAdala caupAI, jaitacaMdra prabaMdha caupAI Adi graMtha vizuddha aitihAsika to nahIM, para lokApavAda ke AdhAra se racita argha aitihAsika haiN| karmacandra vaMza prabaMdha caupAI se bIkAnera ke itihAsa kI kaI bAteM vidita hotI haiN| jainAcAyoM, zrAvako, tIthoM, deza nagara varNana saMbaMdhI granthoM meM sArvajanika aneka aitihAsika tathya sammilita haiM / jaina gacchoM kI paTTAvaliye bhI rAjasthAnI bhASA meM likhI gaI haiM jo aitihAsika aura bhASA kI dRSTi se bar3e mahatva kI haiN| jainetara khyAta aitihAsika bAteM Adi kI aneka pratiyeM kaI janabhaMDAroM meM prApta haiN| 10 subhASita sUktiyAM:- rAjasthAnI sAhitya meM dohoM kI saMkhyA bhI bahuta hai| dasavIsa hajAra dohe ikaTThe karane meM kucha bhI kaThinAI nahIM hogii| ye dohe muktaka chaMda haiN| inameM se bahuta se to atyanta lokapriya haiM / jo rAjasthAna ke jana-jana ke mukha va hRdaya meM rame hue haiM / kahAvatoM ke taura para unakA upayoga pada-pada para kiyA jAtA hai| ye dohe sabhI rasoM ke haiM aura saba ke liye samAna rUpa se upayogI haiN| jaina vidvAnoM ne bhI prAsaMgika, vividha viSayaka rAjasthAnI saikar3oM dohe banAye haiN| kevala jasarAja ( jinaharSa) ke hI 300 se adhika dohe hamane saMgrahIta kiye haiM / isI prakAra jJAnasArajI Adi aura kaI kaviyoM ke dohe upalabdha haiN| 11 buddhivardhaka-hIyAlI, gUr3he, Adi saiMkar3oM kI saMkhyA meM jaina vidvAnoM ke racita prApta haiM / jo bRddhi kI parIkSA lete hue usako bar3hAte haiN| pacAseka-hIyAliyoM kA maiMne sundara saMgraha kara rakhA hai| jinameM se kucheka ko bahuta varSa pUrva * jaina-jyoti' meM prakAzita kI thiiN| 12 vinodAtmakaH-UMdararAso, mokaNarAso, mAkhiyoM ro kajiyo, jatI jaMga, Adi bahuta sI vinodAtmaka racanAeM prApta hai| 13 kuvyasananivArakA-bhAMgarAma, amalarAsa, vRddhavivAha nivAraka bUDhArAsa, saptavyasana niSedhagIta, tamAkhUniSedha, tamAkhUparihAragIta Adi bahuta se kuvyasanoM ke nivAraka sAhitya prApta hai|
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________________ sAhitya rAjasthAnI jainasAhitya / 14 zikSApradaH-buddhi rAso, savAsau sIkha, mUrkha bahottarI, Adi zikSApada racanAeM haiN| 15 aupadezika:-sarvasAmAnya dharma evaM naitika niyamoM ko upadezita karanevAle bAvanI, battIsI Adi saMjJaka vIsoM jaina-rAjasthAnI racanAeM hamAre saMgraha meM haiN| bAvanI saMjJaka racanAeM adhikatara varNamAlA ke 52 akSaroM ke kramazaH prAraMbhika padavAle haiM / ye 13 vIM zatAbdI se racI jAne lgiiN| unameM se mAtR bAvanI, dohA mAtRkA Adi prAcIna racanAeM 'prAcIna gurjara kAvyasaMgraha' meM prakAzita bhI ho cukI haiN| 16 RtukAvyaH-bArahamAse-caumAsesaMjJaka aneka rAjasthAnI jaina racanAeM upalabdha haiM jo adhikAMza neminAtha aura sthUlabhadra se saMbaMdhita hone para bhI RtuoM ke varNana se paripUrita haiN| kucha svatantra racanAeM bhI upalabdha haiM, jinameM 'zRMgArasata ' bhAratIya vidyA meM prakAzita hai| * vasaMta vilAsa' to bahuta prasiddha graMtha hai| vidvAnoM kI rAya meM vaha bhI kisI jaina yati kI racita hai| bAraha mAsoM kA prArambha 13 vIM zatAbdI se hI ho jAtA hai| saba se prAcIna bArahamAsA jinadharmasUri bAraha nauvauM hai / 17 varNanAtmaka:---rAjasthAnI gadya meM tukAnta gadya-kAla ke utkRSTa udAharaNa svarUpa kaI varNanAtmaka graMtha mujhe prApta hue haiN| 15 vIM zatAbdI se unakA prArambha hotA hai| saM. 1478 ke mANikasundara racita 'pRthvIcandra caritra' aparanAma ' vAgvilAsa' nAmaka grantha - prakAzita ho cukA hai jo varNAnAtmaka pranthoM meM sarvazreSTha hai| aisA tukAnta sundara varNana anyatra kama prApta hai / mujhe anya pAMca svataMtra varNanAtmaka granthoM kI pratiyeM milI haiN| jinameM tIna apUrNa haiN| unameM bhI vividha viSayoM kA varNana bahuta hI manohara hai / inakA paricaya meM zIghra hI svatantra lekha dvArA rAjasthAna-bhAratI meM prakAzita kara rahA huuN| abhI-abhI muni jinavijayajI se 17 vIM zatAbdI ke sukavi sUracaMdra racita padaikaviMzati nAmaka graMtha kI eka apUrNa prati prApta huI hai / grantha saMskRta meM hai, para prAsaMgika varNana rAjasthAnI gadya meM hI diyA hai, jo bahuta hI mahatvapUrNa hai / grantha kI pUrNa prati prApta hone para isakA mahatva bhalI bhAMti vidita ho skegaa| padya meM duSkAla varNana, zIta-tApa varNana Adi racanAyeM prApta haiN| 18 sambAdaH-samvAdasaMjJaka jaina-racanAoM meM bahutasoM kA saMbaMdha jainadharma se nahIM hai / inameM kaviyoMne apanI sUjha evaM kavi-pratibhA kA paricaya acche rUpa se diyA hai| motIkapAsiyA sambAda, jIbha-dAMta sambAda, AMkha-kAna sambAda, udyama-karmasambAda, yauvanajarAsamvAda, locana--kAjalasambAda Adi racanAeM ullekha yogya haiN|
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka - pratha hindI jaina 19 devioM ke chaMdaH - lokamAnya kaI yakSa, zanizvara Adi maha, tripura Adi devoM kI stutirUpa chaMda, jaina jatiyoM dvArA racita bahuta se milate haiM / una devI devatAoM kA jainadharma se koI saMbaMdha nahIM hai| rAmadevajI, pAbUjI, sUrajajI aura amarasiMhajI Adi kI stutirUpa bhI kaI racanAeM haiM / 710 20 lokavArtAyeM saMbaMdhI granthaH - loka-sAhitya ke saMrakSaNa meM jaina-vidvAnoM kI sevA anupama hai| saiMkar3oM lokavArttAoM ko unhoMne apane granthoM meM saMgRhIta kI haiN| eka-eka lokavArtA ke saMbaMdha meM saMskRta evaM lokabhASA meM unake bahuta se graMtha upalabdha haiM / bahutasI vArcAeM to yadi ve na apanAte to vismRti ke garbha meM kabhI kI vilIna ho jaatiiN| yahAM rAjasthAnI bhASA meM racita phuTakara lokavArttAoM kI sUcI dI jA rahI hai: -- aMbaDa caritra karpUramaJjarI gorAvAdala candanamalayAgiri dolAmAru naMdabattIsI caupAI panarahavIM kalArAsa pazcAkhyAna priyamelaka bhoja - caritra karcA:- vinayasamudra, rUpacandra, matisAra, hemaratna, labdhodaya, bhadra sena, vikrama caupAI paJca iMca caupAI siMhAsana battIsI khAparA cora caupAI "" "" "" "" 99 99 39 "" "" 39 vikrama caritra - mahArAjA vikrama kI dAnazIlatA, parAkrama evaM buddhicAturya lokasAhitya meM saba se adhika pracArita haiN| bhAratIya pratyeka bhASA meM vikrama saMbaMdhI lokakathAoM kA pracura sAhitya upalabdha hai / maru-gUrjarI bhASA meM bhI karIba 45 racanAeM prApta ho cukI haiN| yahAM unameM thor3IsI rAjasthAnI racanAoM kA hI ullekha kiyA jA rahA hai| vizeSa jAnane ke liye ' mere vikramAditya saMbaMdhI jaina sAhitya ' ( vikrama smRti graMtha meM ) dekhanA cAhiye / 39 37 kSemaharSa, jinadarSa, sumatihaMsa, yazovardhana, karttA - hemANaMda munimAla, kuzalalAbha, siMhagaNi vIracanda vaccharAja, hIrakalaza, samayasundara, mAnasAgara, mAladeva, sAraMga, hemAnanda, kuzala dhIra, vinayasamudra, lakSmIvallabha, lAbhavardhana, malayacandra, jJAnacandra, vinayasamudra, hIrakalaza, vinayalAbha, rAjazIla, abhayasoma, lAbhavardhana,
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________________ sAhitya lIlAvatI caupAI vidyAvilAsa kathA vilhaNa paMcAzikA zazikalA caupAI zukabahotarI zrRMgAra maMjarI caupAI strIcaritrarAsa rAjasthAnI jainasAhitya / kartA - kakkasUri ziSya kuzalalAbha, 39 39 99 39 "" 33 sagAlasArAsa sadayavatsa sAvaliMgA caupAI,, kAnhaDa kaThiyArA caupAI ratanA hamIra rI bAta rAjA risAlU kI bAta laghuvArtAsaMgraha " 37 35 99 hIrAnaMda sUri, AjJAsuMdara, AnaMdaudaya, rAja siMha jinaharSa, yazovardhana, jJAnAcArya, sAraMga, jJAnAcArya, 39 ratna sundara, ratnacanda, jayavaMta sUri, jJAnadAsa, kanakasundara, kezava, mAnasAgara, uttamacaMda bhaMDArI, ANaMda vijaya, 711 kIrtisuMdara, lokavArttAoM ke atirikta lokagItoM ko bhI jaina vidvAnoMne vizeSarUpa se apanAyA hai / lokagItoM kI rAginiyoM ( DhAla, dezI Adi ) para bhI unhoMne apane rAsa, stavana Adi adhikAMza racanAeM kI haiN| una racanAoM ke prArambha karane ke pahale jisa lokagIta kI dezI meM vaha gAI jAnI cAhiye usa lokagIta kI prAraMbhika paMkti dedI hai| hajAroM lokagItoM kA patA isa nirdezana se hI mila jAtA hai| kaunasA lokagIta kitanA purAnA hai, usakA prAraMbhika svarUpa kyA thA, usakI lokapriyatA kitanI adhika thI - ina saba bAtoMkA bhI patA laga jAtA hai / kucha lokagItoM ko to unhoMne pUre rUpa se hI likha rakkhA haiM jo mahatvapUrNa haiM / aise lokagItoM kI deziyoM kI sUcI zrIyut mohanalAla dalIcanda dezAI ne bar3e parizrama se taiyAra karake akArAdi krama se 'jaina- gurjara kaviyoM ' bhAga 3 ke pariziSTha naM0 7 me pR0 1833 se 2104 taka meM dI haiN| ina deziyoM kI saMkhyA 2500 ke lagabhaga hai / jina meM se Adhe ke karIba to rAjasthAnI lokagItoM kI hai / I 21 jainetaroM ke mAnya granthoM para bhI jaina vidvAnoMne kucha graMtha banAye haiM jinakA ullekha pUrva kiyA jA cukA hai / devIsAtasI, ekAdazI kathA, rAmAyaNa inameM mukhya haiM / aura bhI jainetara maMtra Adi lokopayogI viSayoM para phuTakara sAhitya bahuta kucha jaina yatiyoM dvArA likhA milatA hai /
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________________ 712 bhImad vijayarAjendrasari-smAraka-ya hindI jaina rAjasthAnI jaina racanAoM kI vividhatA jAnane ke lie una racanAoM kI vividha saMjJAoM para dRSTi DAlanA hI kAphI hogA! nAgarI pracAriNI patrikA naM. 58 aM. 4 meM maiMne una saMjJAoM kA kucha paricaya apane 'prAcIna kAvyoM kI vividha saMjJAe~' lekha meM batAyA hai| use par3hane kA anurodha hai| yahAM yaha prazna honA svAbhAvika hai ki rAjasthAnI jaina sAhitya jaba itanA vividha, vizAla evaM mahattvapUrNa hai to usakI Aja taka yathocita jAnakArI kyoM nahIM prasiddha huI ! kAraNa spaSTa hai ki jaina muni evaM zrAvakaloka apane dhArmika kAryoM ko sampanna karane meM hI apane kartavya kI itizrI samajha baiThe haiN| sAhitya-prema aura apane sAhitya ke mahatva ke saMbaMdha meM prakAza DAlane kI pravRtti unameM bahuta kama dekhane meM AtI hai aura janatara vidvAnoM meM bahuta se to sAmpradAyika-manovRtti ke kAraNa jainasAhitya ke anveSaNa evaM adhyayana meM ruci nahIM rakhate / kucha niSpakSa vidvAna haiM, unheM prathama to sAmagrI sugamatA se prApta nahIM hotI, dUsarA jainasAhitya sAmpradAyika vizeSa hai-isa dhAraNA ke kAraNa ve usakI prApti kA adhika prayatna bhI nahIM karate / yadyapi jainasAhitya bahuta vizAla parimANa meM prakAzita bhI ho cukA hai| usakA paricaya pAne ke sAdhanabhUta graMtha bhI kAphI prakAzita ho cuke haiN| udAharaNArtha-jana vidvAnoM ke racita prAkRta bhASA saMbaMdhI sAhitya ke saMbaMdha meM pro0 hIrAlAla kApar3iyA kA ' pAiya bhASA ane sAhitya ' nAma kA graMtha prakAzita ho cukA hai| jainAgamoM kI Avazyaka jAnakArI, unake anya graMtha * arhat AgamonUM avalokana' aura A History of Caun nical Literature of the Jains ' dalasukha mAlavaNiyA kA 'jaina Agama' aura DA0 vimala caraNa ke aMgrejI meM bhI kaI graMtha prakAzita haiM / jaina AgamoM kI mahattvapUrNa bAtoM ke saMbaMdha meM DA. jagadIzacaMdra jaina kA thIsisa bhI acchA prakAza DAlatA hai / saMskRta jainasAhitya ke saMbaMdha meM DA0 vinTaranIja kA itihAsa bhI ThIka prakAza DAlatA hai / vaise svataMtra samagra sAhitya kA paricAyaka zrIyut mohanalAla dalIcaMda dezAI kA " jainasAhityano saMkSipta itihAsa" to atyanta mUlyavAn graMtha hai / 20/25 varSa ke kaThina parizrama se vaha taiyAra kiyA gayA hai aura jaina itihAsa kI jhAMkI bhI usase mila jAtI hai| pro. velaNakara kA 'jinaratnakoza' graMtha digambara-zvetAmbara donoM saMpra. dAya ke prAkRta, saMskRta aura apabhraMza bhASA ke graMthoM kI vRhatsUcI hai| jahAM taka rAjasthAnI jaina sAhitya kA saMbaMdha hai-isake mahatva evaM vizAlatA kI jAnakArI kA pradhAna kAraNa yaha hai ki rAjasthAnI aura gujarAtI donoM bhASAoM kI racanAoM kA vivaraNa 'jaina gurjara kaviyoM' meM eka sAtha hI chapA hai| vaise 16 vIM zatAbdI taka to donoM bhASAyeM eka hI thI, ataH gujarAtavAloM ne unheM prAcIna gujarAtI kI saMjJA dI hai| para
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________________ 713 sAhitya rAjasthAnI jainasAhitya / 17 vIM se to donoM bhASAoM meM ullekhanIya antara ho jAtA hai / ataH unakI bhASA kA pRthak ullekha karanA Avazyaka thaa| maiMne yaha sujhAva desAI ko diyA thA aura unhoMne apane graMtha ke tIsare bhAga meM usakA kucha upayoga bhI kiyA hai| desAIne apane isa graMtha ke tIna bhAgoM meM saikar3oM kaviyoM kI hajAroM racanAoM kA vivaraNa prakAzita kiyA hai, para prantha gujarAtI lipi meM chapA hai aura * jaina-gurjara kaviyoM' ke nAma se hai, ataH rAjasthAna ke vidvAnoM kA rAja. sthAnI jaina sAhitya ke mahatva kI ora dhyAna abhI taka jaisA cAhiye vaisA nahIM jA sakA / rAjasthAnI bhASA ke jaina sAhitya se hI nahIM, jainetara prAcIna sAhitya se bhI hamAre vidvAn usake gujarAtI meM prakAzita hone ke kAraNa aparicita rahe haiN| raNamala chaMda, kAnhar3ade pravandha, sadayavatsa prabandha, haMsAvalI Adi 15 vIM evaM 16 vIM ke prArambha kI racanAeM jo gujarAtI ke nAma se prasiddha haiM, vAtsava meM prAcIna rAjasthAnI kI hI haiN| rAjasthAnI jaina sAhitya kI upayogitA, vividhatA evaM vizeSatA para saMkSipta prakAza DAlane ke anantara usakI vizAlatA para bhI kucha kaha denA Avazyaka ho jAtA hai / saMkSepa meM to pahale yaha kahA hI jA cukA hai ki samagra rAjasthAnI sAhitya kA sabase bar3A aMza jainoM dvArA racita hai, aura cAraNoM kA sAhitya jo rAjasthAnI bhASA kA sabase pradhAna sAhitya mAnA jAtA hai usase bhI adhika vizAla hai / isakA kucha AbhAsa nimnokta bAtoM se mila jAyagA (1) cAraNa Adi jainetara kaviyoM kI racanA 15 vIM zatAbdI se milatI haiM aura ve bhI 17 vIM zatAbdI ke pahale kI to inI-ginI hI haiN| jabaki ina madhyavartI 400 varSoM meM jaina vidvAnoMne nirantara rAjasthAnI meM racanA kI hai aura ve choTI-moTI zatAdhika saMkhyA meM haiN| padya sAhitya ke sAtha-sAtha isa samaya kI gadya-racanAyeM bhI pracura haiN| jabaki 17 vIM zatAbdI se pahale kI jainetara gadyarAjasthAnI-racanA svataMtra rUpa se eka bhI prApta nahIM hai| kevala acaladAsa khIcI kI vacanikA meM gadya ke thor3e se udAharaNa milate haiN| jabaki ina 400 varSoM meM karIba 50-60 granthoM ke bar3e-bar3e vAlAvabodha rAjasthAnI gadya meM jaina vidvAnoM ke nirmita prApta haiM / kharataragacchIya vidvAn merusundara akele ne hI 20 granthoM para gadya meM bAlAvabodha-bhASA TIkA likhI haiN| jinakA parimANa 30-40 hajAra zloka ke karIba kA hogaa| cAraNa Adi kaviyoM dvArA khyAtoM kA lekhana akabara ke samaya se prArambha huA pratIta hotA hai / gadya-vArtAyeM to adhikAMza 18 vIM zatAbdI meM hI likhI gaI haiN| (2) racanAoM kI saMkhyA para dRSTi DAlane se bhI jainetara-rAjasthAnI sAhitya ke bar3e 2 grantha to bahuta hI thor3e haiM, phuTakara dohe evaM DiMgala gIta hI adhika haiM, jaba ki rAjasthAnI
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________________ 714 zrImad vijayarAjendras-ismAraka-graMtha hindI jaina jaina granthoM, rAsa Adi bar3e 2 granthoM kI saMkhyA saikar3oM haiM / dohe aura DiMgala-gIta hajAroM kI saMkhyA meM milate haiM, usakA sthAna jaina vidvAn ke stavana, sajjhAya, gIta, bhAsa, pada Adi laghu vRttiyeM le letI haiM, jinakI saMkhyA hajAroM para haiN| (3) kavioM kI saMkhyA aura unake racita sAhitya ke parimANa se tulanA karane para bhI jaina sAhitya kA palar3A bahuta bhArI najara AtA hai / jainatara rAjasthAnI sAhitya nirmAtA meM dohoM va gItanirmAtA ko chor3a dene para bar3e 2 svatantra graMthanirmAtA kavi thor3e se raha jAte haiM / aura unameM se bhI kisI kavine ullekhanIya 5-4 bar3e 2 aura choTe-bar3e aura 20-30 racanAoM se adhika nahIM likhA / rAjasthAnI bhASA kA saba se bar3A graMtha 'vaMza bhAskara' hai / jabaki jaina kaviyoM meM aise bahuta se kavi ho gaye haiM jinhoMne bar3e-bar3e rAsa hI kAphI saMkhyA meM likhe haiN| yahAM kucha pradhAna kaviyoM kA hI nirdeza kiyA jA rahA hai| (1) kavivara samayasundara-Apa rAjasthAna ke mahAkavi haiM / prAkRta, saMskRta bhASA meM anekoM racanAeM likhane ke sAtha 2 rAjasthAnI meM bhI pracura racanAeM nirmANa kI haiN| phuTakara stavana, sajjhAya, gIta Adi kI saMkhyA to 300 ke lagabhaga prApta haiM / vaise sItArAma caupAI rAjasthAnI kA jaina-rAmAyaNa hai / yaha grantha 3700 zlokapramANa hai| isake atirikta sAmba pradyumna caupAI, cAra pratyeka budharAsa, lIlAvatIrAsa, naladamayaMtIrAsa, priyamelakarAsa, puNyasAra caupAI, varakalacIrIrAsa, zatrujayarAsa, vastupAlarAsa, thAvaccA caupAI, kSullaka kumAra. prabaMdha, caMpakaveSThi caupAI, gautamapRcchA caupAI, dhanadatta caupAI, sAdhuvaMdanA, puMjARSirAsa, draupadI caupAI, kezIpabaMdha, dAnAdi cauDhAliyA evam kSamAchatIsI, karmachatIsI, puNyachatIsI, duSkAlavarNanachatIsI, savaiyAchatIsI, AloyaNAchatIsI Adi 2 rAjasthAnI meM bahuta se grantha haiN| (2) jinaharSa-inakA dIkSApUrva nAma jasarAja thaa| yaha rAjasthAnI ke bar3e bhArI kavi haiM / inhoMne pUrvavartI jIvana meM rAjasthAnI bhASA meM aura pIche se pATana cale jAne para gujarAtI mizrita bhASA meM 50 ke karIba rAsa evaM saikar3oM stavana Adi phuTakara racanAeM kI haiM / inameM se kaI rAsa to bar3e 2 kAvya haiN| ApakI samagra racanAoM kA parimANa eka lAkha loka ke hogaa| (3) vegar3a jinasamudrasUri-inhoMne bhI rAjasthAnI meM bahuta se rAsa, stavana Adi banAe haiN| jinakA parimANa 50-60 hajAra zloka ke karIba hogaa| kaI grantha apUrNa mile haiN| (4) terApaMthI jItamalajI-inakA bhagavatI sUtra kI dAleM yaha eka hI graMtha 60 hajAra loka parimANa hai jo rAjasthAnI kA sabase bar3A grantha hai| ApakI anya racanAoM ko milAne se parimANa lAkha zloka se adhika kA hI hogaa|
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________________ sAhitya rAjasthAnI jainasAhitya / 715 isa prakAra 4-5 vidvAnoM ke hI jaba tIna-cAra lAkha zloka parimita ho jAtA hai, to samagra rAjasthAna jaina sAhitya kA parimANa 10 lAkha zloka parimita hone meM koI bhI saMzaya nhiiN| itane vizAla sAhitya kI upekSA avazya hI anucita hai| ina graMthoM meM se cune hue upayogI granthoM kI granthamAlA prakAzita ho to janasAdhAraNa kA bahuta bar3A upakAra ho sakatA hai| unakA jIvanastara isa prANavAn sAhitya se preraNA pAkara avazya hI unnatizIla ho sakatA hai| abhI jainoM ko svayaM ko bhI unake sAhitya kA ThIka mahattva jJAta nahIM hai| ataH rAjasthAnI jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa prakAzita honA atyAvazyaka hai| 13 vIM se 20 vIM taka ke 700 varSoM ke sAhitya ke vikAsa kA kucha paricaya jaina gurjara kavio mA. 1-2-3 se mila sakatA hai| sthAnAbhAva se yadyapi yahAM rUparekhA mAtra rakhI gaI hai, kavi va graMthAdi nAma denA saMbhava nahIM; parantu isase hI kAma nahIM calegA / jinake hRdaya meM TIsa ho, Age Akara prAnta ke uddhAra kA zaMkhanAda pUranA cAhiye / jana-janameM, ghara 2 meM jAgRti kA zaMkha phUMke binA bhaviSya aura bhI aMdhakAramaya hai / rAjasthAna meM jainadharma ke pracAra kA prAraMbha vartamAna utsarpiNI arthAt avanata kAla meM jainadharma ke pracAraka jo cauvIsa tIrthakara ho gaye haiM unake janma, dIkSA, nirvANa Adi sthaloM ke nAmoM para dRSTi DAlane se vidita hotA hai ki prAcInakAla meM jainadharma kA pracAra bhArata ke pUrvIya, uttarIya evaM madhyabhAga meM hI vizeSa rUpa se rahA hai| dakSiNa bhArata meM to jainadharma kA pracAra vizeSa sambhava pUrvIya bhAga meM mahAn duSkAla Adi par3ane ke samaya meM AcArya bhadrabAhu ke vihAra ke pazcAt hI huA hai| pazcimI bhArata ke maru Adi pradezoM meM taba taka AvAdI bahuta sAdhAraNa hI hogI / puruSottama zrIkRSNa ke bAbA samudravijaya ke putra bhagavAn zrIneminAtha ke dharmazAsana ke sambandha meM zrIkRSNa ke mathurA va saurIpura se calakara dvArikA meM basa jAne para dakSiNa-pazcima meM jainadharma kA pracAra ThIka se ho gayA / antima tIrthaMkara bhagavAn mahAvIra kA vihAra bhI mAlave taka hI huA pratIta hotA hai / maru-jAMgala Adi rAjasthAna pradeza kI ora unake vihAra Adi kA prAcIna pramANa nahIM milatA / ataH vizeSa sambhava hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIra ke bAda mAlave se Age bar3ha kara citaur3a ke nikaTavartIya majjhamikA nagara meM jaina zramaNoM kA vihAra huA tabhI se rAjasthAna meM jainadharma kA pracAra vizeSa rUpa se huA hogaa| vIra saMvat 84 (caurAsI) ke lekhavAle zilAkhaNDa meM majjhamikA kA nAma milatA hai / kalpasUtra kI sthirAvalI se vidita hotA hai ki jainAcArya Aryasuhasti ke ziSya priyagranthasUri se majjhamikA nAmaka zAkhA prasiddha huI / jisakA samaya vIra nirvANa saM. tIna sau aura cAra sau ke bIca meM hai| ye bhAcArya yajJa kI
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendari-smAraka-praya hindI jaina hiMsA ke nivArtha harSapura bhI padhAre the| harSapura ajamera se 6-7 koSa hA~soTiyo vA hasauTI nAmaka sthAna honA saMbhava hai / idhara mathurA meM jainadharma kA bahuta prabhAva phailA taba jaina zramaNa vahA~ se matsya deza ke vairATanagara Adi se hote hue rAjasthAna meM Age bar3he hoM sambhava hai / vizeSa sambhava cauthI zatAbdI se AThavIM ke bIca meM hI rAjasthAna meM jainadharma kA pracAra adhikarUpa meM huA ho| AThavIM zatAbdI meM bhInamAla aura citaur3a ko jainadharma kA pracAra kendra kahA jA sakatA hai / zrImAla kI ora AcArya zivacandagaNi mahattara candrabhAgA nadI ke taTavartI pavaiyAnagarI se Aye the| yaha kuvalayamAlA kI prazasti se spaSTa hai / jaina zrAvakoM kI vaMzAvaliyoM se vidita hotA hai ki 8 vIM zatAbdI meM bhinnamAlanagarameM zAntisUri Adi AcAryoM ne aneka kSatriyoM ko jaina dharma kA pratibodha dekara zrAvaka banAye / jinakI jAti, sthAna ke nAma para zrImAlI hI prasiddha huI / zrImAla nagara ke pUrvI bhAga ke rahanevAle jainoM kI jAti poravAr3a (saM0 prAgvATa) prasiddha huI, aura zrImAlanagara ke rAjA ke putra ke sAtha ohar3a Adine jAkara uveza (saM. upakeza) vartamAna osiyAM (mAravAi) nagara vsaayaa| vahAM ke ratnaprabhasUri dvArA pratibodhita naye jaina zrAvaka osavAla kahalAye / 9 vIM zatAbdI meM vanarAja cAvar3Ane aNahilapura-pATana basAkara vartamAna gujarAta rAjya kI nIMva DAlI / taba mInamAla, candrAvatI Adi ke jainakuTumba pATana ke rAjAke pAsa gaye / inameM kaiyoMne maMtrI, senApati Adi padoM para kArya karake gujarAta kI samRddhi meM mahattvapUrNa bhAga liyA / poravAI maMtrI vimaLazAha, vastupAla, tejapAla, Adi unhIM meM se mukhya haiN| isase pUrva bhInamAla, DIDavAnA Adi kA pradeza gUrjaroM kI pradhAnatA ke kAraNa ' gUrjaratrA' kahalAtA thaa| isake bAda kramazaH vartamAn gujarAta kI samRddhi bar3hatI gaI / idhara jaina zrAvakoM ke vaMza kI atizaya vRddhi huI / osavAla jAti kI hI saikar3oM nahIM, hajAroM gotra ke rUpameM zAkhAyeM ho gaI aura unameM se kaiyoMne apane vyApAravistAra ke liye nikaTavartI anya prAntoM meM prasthAna kara diyA / siMdha prAnta jaisalamera ke sannikaTa thA, ataH udhara ke jaina zrAvaka siMgha prAnta meM kAphI phaila gye| idhara 17 vIM zatAbdI meM jagatseTha ke baMgAla meM jAnepara udhara bhI hajAroM kuTumboMne jAkara vyApAra vistAra kiyA / idhara yU. pI. aura sI. pI. evaM dakSiNa Adi meM bhI bahuta se jaina kuTumba gaye aura apane vyApAra dvArA unnati prApta kI / isI prakAra jayapurarAjya ke khaMDele sthAna se khaMDelavAla aura pAlIse pallIvAla Adi jAtiye prasiddha huI / khaMDelavAla prAyaH digaMbara haiN| kahane kA artha yaha hai ki bhAratabhara meM jo Aja jainadharma ke anuyAyI lAkhoM kI saMkhyA meM nivAsa karate haiM unameM saba se bar3I saMkhyA rAjasthAna ke nivAsI janoM kI hai / isase rAjasthAna meM jainadharma kA pracAra kitane vistRtarUpa meM huA thA-sahaja hI anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai / kucha varSa
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________________ sAhitya rAjasthAnI jainasAhitya / pahale taka bhI rAjasthAna ke prAyaH pratyeka grAma meM jaina zrAvaka, jainamaMdira the, aura yati oM kA AnA-jAnA niraMtara hotA rahatA thA / aba bahuta se vyakti anya prAntoM meM jAkara basa gaye aura bahuta se nikaTavartI nagaroM meM rahane lage haiM, ataH kaI gAMva khAlI ho gaye va vahAM ke maMdira TUTa-phUTa gaye / rAjasthAna meM jainadharma ke pracAra ke saMbaMdha meM itane vistAra se kahane kA Azaya yaha hai ki jaina vidvAn prAraMbha se hI loka bhASA meM dharma pracAra va sAhitya nirmANa karate rahe haiM aura jaba ki rAjasthAna ke grAma-grAma meM jainadharma kA pracAra thA, to rAjasthAnI bhASA meM jainasAhitya kA vizAla parimANa meM racA jAnA svAbhAvika hI hai| jaina yati, muni Adi apane Avazyaka khAnapAna evaM dhArmika kRtyoM se nivRtta hokara zeSa sArA samaya adhyayana, adhyApana, sAhitya nirmANa aura lekhana ityAdi meM bitAte the| unakA jIvana bahuta saMyamita hotA hai aura unakI sImita AvazyakatAeM bhikSA dvArA sahaja hI zrAvakoM se pUrNa ho jAtI haiM / isIliye ve sAhitya ke nirmANa evaM saMrakSaNa meM bhArata ke kisI bhI sampradAya ke pracArakoM se adhika saphala ho sake haiN| ___ yahAM yaha bhI spaSTa kara denA Avazyaka hai ki rAjasthAna aura gujarAta kA ( saMlama pradeza hone se ) bahuta ghaniSTha saMbaMdha rahA hai aura ina donoM pradezoM meM jainadharma kA adhika pracAra rahA hai, isIliye jaina vidvAn dharmapracArArtha donoM prAntoM meM samAna rUpa se ghUmate rahe haiM / ataH unakI bhASA meM gujarAtI kA sammizraNa honA svAbhAvika hai / yadyapi 16 vIM zatAbdI taka to donoM prAntoM kI sAhityika bhASA meM khAsa antara nahIM thaa| rAjasthAnI bhASA meM sAhitya nirmANa karanevAle jaina muni va vidvAn rAjasthAna ke hI janme hue the aura rAjasthAnI hI unakI mAtRbhASA thii| unake anuyAyI zrAvaka logoM kI bhI yahI bhASA thI, isaliye unake upadeza rAjasthAnI bhASA meM hI huA karate the| rAjasthAna meM hI nahIM, rAjasthAna se bAhara gaye hue jainazrAvakoM meM dharma-pracAra karane ke liye jaina muni jaba siMghaprAnta, sI. pI. aura baMgAla Adi meM jAte to vahAM para bhI unake anuyAyiyoM kI mAtRbhASA rAjasthAnI hone ke kAraNa vahAM para bhI jainamuni va vidvAnoMne jo sAhitya nirmANa kiyA hai, vaha rAjasthAnI bhASA meM hI hai / siMdha prAnta meM to bahuta se grantha rAjasthAnI bhASA meM race gaye haiM jo vizeSa rUpa se ullekhanIya haiN| rAjasthAna prAnta aura rAjasthAnI bhASA kA prAcIna nAma: Aja hama jise rAjasthAna prAnta ke nAma se saMbodhana karate haiM, prAcIna kAla meM isakA koI eka hI nAma nahIM thaa| yaha pradeza kaI khaMDoM meM vibhakta thA aura unake bhinna-bhinna nAma the| samaya-samaya para una nAmoM evaM pradezoM meM bhI zAsakoM ke parivarcana
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________________ 718 zrImat vijayarAjendrasari-smAraka-preya hindI jaina Adi se nAmoM meM bhI parivartana hotA rahA hai / prAcIna ullekhoM ke anusAra rAjasthAna ke uttarI bhAga kA nAma jAMgala, pUrvI kA matsya, dakSiNa-pUrvI zivi, dakSiNa-medapATa vAgar3a, prAgvATa, mAlava aura gurjaratrA, pazcimI bhAga kA mada, mADavalla, travaNI aura madhyabhAga kA arbuda aura sapAdalakSa Adi nAma the| DA. vAsudevazaraNajI agravAla ke mantavyAnusAra sAkhajanapada aura pRthvIsiMha mahatA ke kathanAnusAra pAriyAtramaMDala bhI rAjasthAna ke hI aMga the| vibhinna khaMDoM meM vibhakta hone para bhI rAjasthAnI bhASA sarvatra prAyaH samAnarUpa se pracalita thii| pIche se brajamaNDala ke nikaTavartI rAjasthAna ke pradeza para vrajabhASA kA aura gujarAta ke nikaTa para gujarAtI bhASA kA prabhAva par3A / rAjasthAnI jaina sAhitya se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki vibhinna khaMDoM me sAhitya nirmANa hone para bhI unakI bhASA mAravAr3I hI pradhAna thii| arthAt rAjasthAnIbhASA kI sAhityika bhASA kA rUpa prAyaH eka hI sA thA, bolI meM thor3A bahuta aMtara hogaa| pradezoM ke bhinna-bhinna nAmoM ke anusAra sAhitya kI bhASA ke vividha nAma upalabdha nahIM hote / isase bhI rAjasthAnI bhASA kI ekarUpatA siddha ho jAtI hai| rAjasthAnI bhASA ke prAcIna nAma ke saMbaMdha meM anveSaNa karane para isakA pradhAna nAma prAcIna ullekhoM ke anusAra * marubhASA' thA, kyoM ki marupradeza hI rAjasthAna kA saba se bar3A evaM pradhAna khaMDa hai jise aba mAravAr3a aura usakI bhASA ko mAravAr3I kahate haiM / __ Aja se 2500 varSa pUrva-bhagavAn mahAvIra ke samaya bhAratIya bhASAoM ke prAntIya meda pradhAnataH 18 the| jainAgama jJAtAsUtra, vipAka, aupapAtika, rAjapraznIya Adi meM rAjakumAroM Adi ke adhyayana ke prasaMga meM unheM 18 dezI bhASA-vizArada batalAyA gayA haiN| usa samaya kI lipiyoM kI saMkhyA bhI jainAgamoM ke anusAra pradhAnataH 18 hI thiiN| lipiyoM ke 18 nAmoM kA vivaraNa to prApta hai, para bhASAoM ke 18 nAma prApta nahIM haiM / udyotanasUri ke kuvalayamAlA grantha meM jisakI racanA vi. saM. 835 meM mAravAr3a ke jAlora nAmaka nagara meM huI hai, isa graMtha meM tatkAlIna 16 dezoM ke vaNikoM ke zarIra varNa, veza, prakRti aura bhASAoM kI vizeSatA kA mahattvapUrNa ullekha eka-eka padya meM pAyA jAtA hai| yadyapi usake aMta meM 18 dezI bhASAoM evaM khasa, pArasa, barbara Adi dezoM kA ullekha kiyA hai, para udAharaNa 1 gola, 2 madhyadeza, 3 magadhadeza, 4 antarvedI, 5 kIra, 6 Takka, 7 siMgha, 8 maru, 9 gUrjara, 10 lATa, 11 mAlava, 12 karNATaka, 13 tAyika, 14 kosala, 15 mahArASTra, 16 Andhra-ina 16 dezoM ke hI diye haiN| inameM rAjasthAnI se saMbaMdhita to maru evaM gUrjara haiM aura usake nikaTavartI lATa evaM mAlava haiN| ataH ina cAroM pradezoM kI bhASAoM kI vizeSatAoM ke uddharaNa hI yahAM diye jAte haiM
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________________ sAhitya rAjasthAnI jaina sAhitya | 4 appA - tuppA' bhaNire aha pecchara mArue tatto // 4 u re mallauM ' bhaNire aha pecchara gujare avare || Amha kA tumheM mitu' bhaNIre pecchae lADe || bhAua bhaiNI tumhe ' bhaNire aha mAlave diTThe // 4 4 saMskRta chAyA " Nau appA - tuppA' bhaNato'tha prekSate mAravAMstataH // 're mallauM ' bhaNato'tha prekSate gaurjarAnaparAn // 4 Amha kAI tumheM mittu' bhaNataH prekSate lATIyAn // 4 bhAua mahaNI tumhe' bhaNato'tha mAlavIyAn dRSTavAn // 4 719 uparyukta uddharaNoM se tatkAlIna prAntIya bhASAoM kI vizeSatAoM kA bodha hone ke sAtha-sAtha usa samaya yahAM apabhraMza bhASA kA pracAra thA - spaSTa hai| kAvyamImAMsAkAra rAja. zekhara ne bhI maruTakka evaM bhAdAnaka pradeza kI bhASA apabhraMza prayogavAlI thI likhA hai " sApaaMza prayogAH sakalamarubhuvasTakabhAdAnakazca / " jaina kaviyoMne bhI apane granthoM kI bhASA ko maru bhASA batalAI hai / rAjasthAna ke zreSTha kAvya ' velikisana rukamaNIrI ' ke braja bhASA ke padyAnuvAdakartA gopAla lAhorIne bhI veli kI bhASA ko 'maru' bhASA hI kahA hai| rAjasthAnI nAma to Adhunika hai / ' DiMgala ' cAraNoM Adi kI pradhAna kAvya-bhASA rahI hai| para usakA DiMgala nAma adhika purAnA nahIM hai / jainakavi kuzalalAbha ke piGgalaziromaNI nAmaka 17 vIM zatAbdI ke chanda grantha meM sarvaprathama ' uDiMgala ' nAma milatA hai / rAjasthAnI - jaina sAhitya kA nirmANa marubhASA meM huA hai / zvetAmbara saMpradAya ke kharataragacchIya vidvAnoM kA bhI sAhitya adhika hai aura unakA prabhAva evaM vihAra mAravAr3a hI meM adhika thA / vaise mAravAr3I bhASA rAjasthAna kI prasiddha sAhityika bhASA hai hI / kucha diga mbara vidvAnoM ne DhUMDhAr3I bhASA meM bhI sAhitya nirmANa kiyA hai, kyoMki isa saMpradAya kA prAdhAnya jaipura, koTA Adi kI ora hI rahA hai| paraMtu unakI DhUMDhAr3I bhASA meM hiMdI kA prabhAva adhika najara AtA hai / vraja pradeza ke nikaTa hone se yaha svAbhAvika hI hai / rAjasthAnI - jaina - sAhitya kI pUrva paramparA - bhagavAn mahAvIrane dharma pracAra ke liye janatA kI bhASA ko hI apanAI / unakA vihAra magadha evaM usake nikaTavartI pradezoM meM adhika huaa| ataH unake upadeza kI bhASA ko jainAgamoM meM arddha-mAgadhI saMjJA dI gaI hai| isake pazcAt baMgAla evaM bihAra se jaina - zramaNoM
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________________ 720 bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha hindI jaina kA vihAra ur3IsA evaM mathurA kI ora adhika huA, taba jaina - sAhitya kI pradhAna bhASA mahArASTrI evaM zaurasenI prAkRta rahI hai / prAcIna zvetAmbara prAkRta - sAhitya mahArASTrI evaM digambara prAkRta sAhitya - zaurasenI meM adhika milatA hai / AcArya bhadrabAhu ke pazcAt dakSiNa meM bhI jainadharma kA pracAra bar3hA aura vahAM kI bhASA telagu, tAmila aura kannar3I meM jaina - vidvAnoM ne sAhitya nirmANa karanA prAraMbha kiyaa| idhara prAkRta bhASA meM parivartana hokara jaina bhASA apabhraMza ho gaI, to jaina vidvAnoMne usameM bhI joroM se sAhitya nirmANa karanA prAraMbha kiyA / brAhmaNa Adi vidvAnoMne isa bhASA ko nimna koTi kI mAna kara upekSA kI aura ve saMskRta meM hI sAhitya nirmANa karate rahe / bauddha siddhoMne jinako saMskRta kA vizeSa jJAna nahIM thA aura janasAdhAraNa se jinakA vizeSa saMparka rahA, unhoMne bhI apabhraMza meM apane siddhAntoM kA pracAra kiyA / para mukhyataH apabhraMza sAhitya kA nirmANa jaina vidvAnoM dvArA hI huA / bhinna-bhinna sthAnoM meM race gaye apabhraMza graMthoM kI bhASA meM vizeSa antara nahIM hone se yaha bhASA sAmAnya rUpAntaroM ke sAtha bhArata ke bahuta bar3e vibhAga kI bhASA rahI hai - siddha hotA hai / uttara bhArata kI prAyaH samasta bhASAoM kA vikAsa isI apabhraMza se huA hai / rAjazekhara ke pUrva nirdiSTa ullekhAnusAra maru evaM usake nikaTavartI Takka aura bhAdAnaka kI bhASA apabhraMza pradhAna thI / ataH gujarAta evaM rAjasthAna meM rahanevAle jaina vidvAnoMne ise vizeSarUpa se apanAI - vaha svAbhAvika hI thA / jainadharma ke zvetAmbara aura digambara do pradhAna sampradAya haiM / ina meM se digambara sampradAyane apabhraMza bhASA ko pahale aura vizeSarUpa se apanAI / unake apabhraMza grantha 8 vIM zatAbdI se saM0 1700 taka ke upalabdha haiM / aura bahuta se bar3ebar3e kAvya vizeSa rUpa se ullekhanIya haiM / mahAkavi svayaMbhU, puSpadaMta Adi apabhraMza kaviyoM ke sira maura ho gaye haiM / zvetAmbara prAcIna graMthoM meM apabhraMza ke uddharaNa to milate haiM para svataMtra graMtha 11 vIM zatI ke pahale ke prApta nahIM haiM / 12 vIM se 14vIM zatAbdI taka ke vetAMbara vidvAnoMne apabhraMza bhASA ko vizeSa rUpa se apanAyA pratIta hotA hai / zvetAmbara apabhraMza graMthoM meM haribhadrasUri ke ' neminAthacariyaM' aura ' vilAsavaIkahA ' Adi bar3e kAvya thor3e haiN| choTe 2 kAvya to pracura saMkhyA meM pAye jAte haiM / 15 vIM zatAbdI se jabaki apabhraMza bhASA janatA ke liye durbodhasI hone lagI, unhoMne sAhitya nirmANa tatkAlIna janabhASA prAcIna rAjasthAnI meM vizeSa rUpa meM karanA prAraMbha kiyA / yadyapi 13 vIM zatAbdI ke prAraMbha se hI unhoMne prAcIna rAjasthAnI rAsa Adi graMtha racane prAraMbha kara diye the / para 15 vIM ke pUrvArddha taka ke granthoM meM apabhraMza kA vizeSa prabhAva rahA hai / jyoM 2 janatA kI bhASA badalatI gaI tyoM 2 rAjasthanI jaina sAhitya kI bhASA bhI parivartita hotI gaI / zvetAmbara vidvAnoM ne apane AgamoM kI bhASA prAkRta 1
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________________ sAhitya rAjasthAnI jainasAhitya / 721 ko bhI barAbara apnaayaa| bhagavAn mahAvIra se Aja taka bhI prAkRta bhASA meM zvetAMbara vidvAnoM dvArA niraMtara sAhitya nirmANa hotA rahA hai| prathama zatAbdI ke lagabhaga bhArata meM saMskRta bhASA kA prabhAva bahuta bar3ha gayA, taba se jaina vidvAnoM ne bhI saMskRta meM bahuta bar3A sAhitya nirmANa kiyA hai, para zvetAmbara vidvAn apanI mUla prAkRta bhASA ko bhUle nhiiN| jabaki digaMvara vidva naune saMskRta ke prabhAva ke yuga se prAkRta bhASA meM sAhitya nirmANa karanA kama kara diyA aura saMskRta meM vizeSa rUpa se racanA karane lge| rAjasthAna ke kisI sthAna nirdeza sUcaka ullekhabAle graMtha kA nirmANa 8 vIM zatAbdI meM sarvaprathama meM jo huA milatA hai vaha graMtha AcArya haribhadrasUri kRta 'dhUrtAkhyAna ' hai jo prAkRta bhASA meM hai aura cittaur3a meM racA gayA hai / isake pazcAt 9 vIM zatAbdI meM ' kuvalaya. nAmamAlA ' graMtha jAlora meM racA gyaa| yaha prAkRta bhASA kA campU hai aura prasaMga-prasaMga para apabhraMza bhASA ke aneka uddharaNa bhI isameM pAye jAte haiM / apabhraMza bhASA ke gadya ke udAharaNa isI eka graMtha meM hI milate haiM / 10 vIM zatAbdI meM siddharSi ne bhInamAla meM saMskRta evaM prAkRta meM upamitibhavaprapaMcA' kathA aura -- candakevalI caritra' bnaayaa| isI samaya jayasiMharine nAgaura meM apane 'zIlopadezamAlA' nAmaka prAkRta graMtha para vistRta saMskRta TIkA banAI / 11 vIM zatAbdI se to rAjasthAna meM jainasAhitya kA nirmANa bar3hatA calA gayA aura apabhraMza bhASA meM bhI svataMtra graMtha race jAne lge| hariSeNakRta 'dhammaparIkhA ' apabhraMza grantha saM0 1044 meM mevAr3a sthita acalapura meM racA gayA hai / isI zatI ke aMta meM mahAkavi dhanapAlane ' satpurIya mahAvIra utsAha ' nAmaka apabhraMza stuti jodhapura rAjya ke sAcora nAmaka grAma meM banAI / 12 vIM zatAbdI meM jinadattasUrijI kA ajamera, vikramapura Adi marusthaloM meM vizeSa rUpase vihAra huaa| Apa ke apabhraMza graMthatraya 1 carcarI, 2 upadezarasAyana, 3 kAlasvarUpakulaka prakAzita ho cuke haiM / isI samaya ke jinadattasUrijI ke guNavarNanAtmaka apabhraMza padya prApta hue haiM, jinheM hamane 'yugapradhAna jinadattasUri ' ke pariziSTa meM prakAzita kara diye haiN| isI samaya ke AcArya varddhamAnamUriracita 'varddhamAnapAraNau ' nAmaka apabhraMza racanA ko maiMne hiMdI anuzIlana meM prakAzita kI hai| rAjasthAnI bhASA apabhraMza kI jeThI beTI hai, use apabhraMza sAhitya kI paramparA pUrNarUpa se milI hai| 13 vIM zatAbdI se to apabhraMza ke sAtha 2 tatkAlIna lokabhASA meM bhI kAphI racanAeM banIM jina meM se vajrasenasUri ke -- bharatezvara gAhubali ghora' ko zodha patrikA meM prakAzita kiyA jA cukA hai| tatparavartI bharatezvara-bAhubalirAsa, buddhirAsa, jIvadayArAsa to muni jina 61
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________________ 722 bhImad vijayarAjendrari-smAraka-graMtha hindI jaina vijayajIne bhAratIya vidyA meM prakAzita kiye haiN| AbUrAsa, jinapatisUri dhavalagIta Adi ko maiMne 'aitihAsika jaina kAvyasaMgraha' aura 'rAjasthAnI ' meM prakAzita kara diye haiN| isa zatAbdI kI anya racanAeM jambUsvAmI carita, revaMtagirirAsa 'prAcIna gurjara kAvyasaMgraha' meM prakAzita haiM / 'candanabAlArAsa ', ' nemirAsa', 'jinadharmasUri bAraha nAvau' Adi ko bhI rAjasthAna bhAratI-hindI anuzIlana Adi patroM meM prakAzita kara diyA haiM / 14 vIM zatAbdI ke to kaI sundara kAvya aitihAsika jaina kAvyasaMgraha' 'prAcIna gurjara kAvyasaMgraha, 'aitihAsikarAsasaMcaya' Adi kaI graMthoM meM prakAzita ho hI cuke haiM / isake pazcAt kramazaH racanAyeM bar3hatI calI jAtI haiN| yadyapi 16 vIM zatAbdI meM kucha maMdatA najara AtI hai, usakA pradhAna kAraNa tatkAlIna rAjya-viplava Adi haiN| 17 vIM zatAbdI meM dUne-caugune vega ke sAtha rAjasthAnI jaina sAhitya phalA-phUlA najara AtA hai| yaha samaya rAjasthAnI jaina sAhitya kA sarvonnata kAla hai / 18 vIM zatAbdI meM bhI krama jArI rahatA hai / 19 vIM meM kucha zithilatA AtI hai aura 20 vIM meM to vaha aura adhika bar3ha jAtI hai / ataH ise avanata kAla kahanA cAhiye / aba to rAjasthAna meM hiMdI bhASA kA pracAra va prabhAva dinodina bar3ha rahA hai aura prAnta nivAsiyoM kI rAjasthAnI bhASA ke prati bar3I upekSA dekha kara bahuta hI kheda hotA hai| saba prAMtoM kI apanI-apanI bhASA hai aura ve dinodina samRddha hone jA rahI hai| kevala rAjasthAnI hI kA yaha durbhAgya hai ki vaha apanI samRddhizAlI aura gauravapUrNa atIta se apadastha hotI jA rahI hai| prAntIya karNadhAroM ko usakI sudhi lenI cAhiye /
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________________ jIvana kI aMtima sAdhanA satyadeva vidyAlaMkAra, naI dillI jaina-dharma jIvana ke vyavahAra kA dharma hai / zAstroM kI mahimA sabhI dharmoM meM samAna rUpa se pAI jAtI haiN| rahasyapUrNA-gUDha darzana-zAkha bhI sabhI dharmoM meM vidyamAna haiN| ve zAstra sAdhAraNa athavA sAmAnya janatA ke lie nahIM haiN| ve una paMDitoM athavA vidvAnoM ke lie haiM jo unako par3ha va samajha sakate haiM / sAmAnya janatA ke lie to vaha vyavasthA hI kAma AtI hai jo usake jIvana-yApana ke lie banA dI jAtI hai| sabhI dharmoM meM kucha na kucha aisI vyavasthA kAyama kI gaI hai| jaina-dharma kI yaha vyavasthA atyanta vyAva. hArika hai| usakA pAlana hara vyakti, cAhe vaha kisI bhI dharma kA anuyAyI athavA kisI bhI deza kA nivAsI kyoM nahIM ho, pAlana kara sakatA hai / usake lie Avazyaka nahIM ki jaina-dharma svIkAra kiyA jAya / aNuvrata aura mahAvrata usa vyavasthA ke mUlabhUta AdhAra haiM / eka zrAvaka athavA gRhasthI saMsArI vyavahAra karatA huA bhI aNuvratoM kA pAlana kara sakatA hai / thor3e se prArambha kiyA gayA aNuvratoM kA abhyAsa usako usa mArga para lA kara khar3A kara detA hai jahAM usake ujvala bhaviSya kI pragati prazasta bana jAtI hai aura vinA lar3akhar3Ae vaha usa para agrasara ho sakatA hai / zrAvaka, kSullaka aura ailaka sthitiyoM ko pAra karatA huA jaba muni yA yati avasthA meM pahuMcatA hai taba usake lie mahAvratoM kI vyavasthA lAgU ho jAtI hai aura vaha una vratoM kA adhika se adhika mAtrA meM pAlana karane laga jAtA hai / hindU samAja meM jaise aneka sampradAyoM kA prAdurbhAva hone se usameM kAyama kI gaI byavasthAeM kucha vikRta, saMkIrNa evaM paramparA mAtra raha gaI haiM, vaisI hI sthiti vicitra sampradAyoM ke kAraNa jainadharma athavA jaina samAja meM bhI paidA ho cukI hai / parantu usakA doSa mUlabhUta vyavasthA para nahIM hai / usake lie doSI vaha mAnava hai jo vicArabaiSamya ke kAraNa nAnA sampradAyoM kA nirmANa kara dharma kI mUlabhUta vyavasthA ko vikRta kara detA hai| ina vicitra sampradAyoM kI sthiti usa bAr3a ke samAna haiM jo dharmarUpI kheta kI rakSA ke lie lagAI jAtI hai; parantu kaisA mUrkha hai vaha kisAna jo bAr3a ko hI kheta mAnakara kevala usakI dekharekha meM lagA rahatA hai aura usakA kheta sUkha kara naSTa ho jAtA hai / isa
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________________ 724 ___ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha hindI una prakAra mAnava kI mUrkhatA ke kAraNa dharma ko jo hAni huI hai usake lie dharma doSita nahIM hai / jainadharma ko bhI mAnava kI sampradAyabuddhi ke kAraNa bahuta hAni uThAnI par3I hai / Aja kA jaina samAja aura jaina dharma sampradAyagata aura jAtigata kitane hI bhedoM meM baMTa gayA hai aura una meM vidyamAna pArasparika dveSa bhI carama sImA ko pahuMca gayA hai| phira bhI jaina dharma kI jIvana kI vyAvahArika vyavasthA astavyasta nahIM huii| vaha apanI usa avasthA ke hI bala para bhArata meM vidyamAna raha sakA hai| nahIM to bauddha dharma kI jo avasthA hamAre deza meM huI vaha hI jainadharma kI bhI ho sakatI thii| kintu vaisA nahIM huaa| jaina dharma ko apanI isa vyavasthA ke hI kAraNa aTUTa vizvAsa kA dharma kahA jA sakatA hai| lagabhaga 15-20 varSa pahale kI ghaTanA hai, indora ke sara seTha hukamacandajI sAhaba kA svAsthya bahuta gira gayA thaa| bambaI meM unakA auSadhopacAra cala rahA thaa| sAre hI jaina samAja meM unake lie gaharI cintA paidA ho gaI thii| sthAna-sthAna para unake svAsthya lAbha ke lie vrata, pUjA-pATha evaM anya dhArmika vidhividhAna kie gae the| mahAvIra prabhu se unake dIrgha jIvana ke lie prArthanA kI gaI thiiN| taba unhone bar3e vizvAsa ke sAtha yaha kahA thA ki maiM bImArI ke bistara para kutte kI mauta nahIM mara sakatA / merA to icchApUrvaka samAdhi maraNa hI hogA arthAt jaba maiM cAhUMgA tabhI merI mRtyu hogI / sara seTha hukamacaMda jagataprasiddha saTorie the aura dhanakubera rahe haiN| taba ve duniyAdArI meM burI taraha phaMse hue the| maiM unake ina AtmavizvAla para cakita raha gayA aura mere hRdaya meM ekAeka yaha bhAvanA paidA huI ki jaina dharma kI jo vyavasthA sara seTha sAhaba sarIkhe saMsArI vyakti meM aisA Atma vizvAsa paidA kara sakatI hai, usameM kucha na kucha khUbI avazya hI honI caahie| usI samaya jaina dharma ke prati merA kucha jhukAva huA aura maiMne usako jAnane va samajhane kA jitanA prayatna kiyA usa meM merI zraddhA utanI hI baDhatI calI gii| maiMne anubhava kiyA ki jaina dharma vizuddha rUpa meM jIvana ke vyavahAra, AzA aura vizvAsa kA dharma haiN| jisa vyavasthA ke anusAra manuSya isI janma meM nara se nArAyaNa bana sakatA hai, usa se bar3I vyavasthA aura kyA ho sakatI hai ! jaina sAdhu athavA yati kI kaThora sAdhanA aura aparigraha dekhakara svataH hI usake sammukha zraddhA se mastiSka jhuka jAtA hai / vyaktipUjA kI bhAvanA doSayukta ho sakatI hai; parantu saMlAra ke samasta vyavahAra se nirlipta athavA mukta vyakti ko mAnava ke lie Adarza mAnane meM kyA doSa ho sakatA hai ? jIvana ke vyavahAra meM mahAvratoM kA pAlana karate hue aura aNuvratoM kA pAlana karate hue zrAvaka, kSullaka athavA ailaka yadi mRtyu ko bhI sAdhanA mAna letA hai to nizcaya hI usa
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________________ sAhitya jIvana kI aMtima sAdhanA / 725 kA lAbha usako dUsare janma meM bhI prApta hogaa| saMllekhanA athavA saMthArA sAdhanA kA yahI vyAvahArika rUpa hai / mRtyu sabase adhika bhayAvanI athavA DarAvanI hai| manuSya to kyA pazu-pakSI bhI usase bhaya khAte haiM / usako TAlane ke lie kaunase prayatna nahIM kie jAte ! aMtima kSaNa taka DAkTaroM athavA vaidyoM kA upacAra calatA rahatA hai| do minaTa bhI adhika jIne ke lie manuSya lAlAyita rahatA hai| isa bhaya athavA lAlasA ke sAtha maranevAlA vyakti mAnava-jIvana ke samasta puruSArtha ko aura samasta sadguNoM ko kho detA hai / una ko khonevAlA mRtyu ke bAda dUsare janma meM phira se mAnava yoni prApta karane kA adhikArI kaise raha sakatA hai ? zrI kRSNane gItA meM kahA hai ki "thor3e se bhI dharma kA pAlana mAnava ko bar3e se bar3e pApa se bacA sakatA hai|" parantu mAnava mAnavIya dharma kA mRtyu ke samaya sarvathA parityAga kara ke kevala pApa kA adhikArI raha kara dUsare janma meM puNyamaya punIta mAnavajIvana prApta karane kI AzA nahIM kara sktaa| jisa svadharma meM rahate hue mRtyu ko zreSThatama batAyA gayA hai aura svadharma kA parityAga kara para dharma kA apanAnA bhaya kA kAraNa batAyA gayA hai usakA parityAga karanevAlA bhAnava phira dubArA mAnava jIvana kI prApti kI AzA nahIM kara sktaa| gItA meM atyanta spaSTa zabdo meM yaha kahA gayA hai ki 'mRtyu ke samaya kI bhAvanA ke anurUpa hI manuSya ko dUsarA janma prApta hotA hai / isa avasara para svadharma arthAt mAnava dharma kA parityAga karanevAlA mAnava mRtyu ke bAda phira se mAnava rUpa grahaNa nahIM kara sakatA / " merI dRSTi meM jaina dharma kI saMllekhanA athavA saMthArA kI antima jIvanasAdhanA kA yahI vyAvahArika prayojana hai| jIvana se nirAza hokara khAnA-pInA chor3anA aura kisI bhI prakAra jIvana kA aMta kara denA vizuddha AtmaghAta hai, usako saMthArA athavA saMllekhanA nahIM kahA jA sktaa| vaise to aneka avasthAoM meM AtmaghAta ko bhI pApa nahIM mAnA gayA hai| pazcima ke aneka sabhya dezoM meM bhI svecchApUrvaka svIkAra kI gaI mRtyu AtmaghAta nahIM mAnI jAtI aura usa para ve kAnUna lAgU nahIM hote jo AtmahatyA ko avaidha ThaharAne ke lie banAe gae haiM / jApAna meM " hArAkArI" ko Atma-hatyA sarIkhA hIna kRtya nahIM mAnA jAtA / apamAnabhare jIvana se mRtyu ko kaI adhika zreSTha batAyA gayA hai / maraNa samAdhi athavA jIvana samAdhi kI vyavasthA hindU dharma meM bhI vidyamAna hai / parantu jaina dharma kI saMllekhanA athavA saMthArA kI sAdhanA ina sabase kaI adhika UMcI hai| unameM saMsAra se Ubane, taMga Ane athavA nirAza hone ke lie koI sthAna yA avasara nahIM haiN| jIvana ke samasta kaSAya kA parityAga kara ke zarIra ke rAga-dveSa tathA moha-mAyA se sarvathA nirlipta hokara jo
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________________ 726 bhImad vijayarAjendrasari-smAraka-praya hindI jaina vyakti apanI dRSTi ko sampUrNatayA AtmasAdhanA ma lIna kara ke atyanta vizuddha evaM niAlapta bhAvanA se prApta kI gaI mRtyu ke bAda punarjanma prApta karanevAlA vaha mAnava kitanA pavitra hogA / isakI thor3I kalpanA to kIjie / AtmA ke ajara, amara aura avinAzI hone meM jo vizvAsa athavA zraddhA honI cAhie vaha usI vyakti meM paidA honI sambhava hai jo mRtyu se bhayabhIta nahIM hotA aura usase bhayabhIta na honA hI usa para vijaya prApta karanA hai / aise mRtyuMjaya vyakti hI saMllekhanA athavA saMthArA kI sAdhanA ke adhikArI haiN| unako hI usakA amRta lAbha milanA saMbhava hai / ve apane dUsare janma meM isa janma se bhI kaI adhika lokakalyANa kA kAma kara sakate haiN| isalie ve apanA hI bhalA nahIM karate dUsaroM ko bhI isa prakAra apanI mRtyu se lAbhAnvita karate haiM / saMsArakA sabase bar3A lAbha isI meM hai ki usameM pApa kI kamI kI jAya / rAga-dveSa aura moha-mAyA ko kama kiyA jAya / isI prakAra dharma kI pratiSThA honI sambhava hai| paidA honevAlA hara prANI aMta meM maratA hI hai / mRtyu kI nizcita durghaTanA se koI baca nahIM sakatA / avazyambhAvI ko TAlane se bar3I koI dUsarI mUrkhatA nahIM ho sktii| isalie saMthArA athavA saMllekhanA kA lakSya mRtyu ko TAlanA nahIM hai / usakA vAstavika lakSya mRtyu ko usa rUpa meM svIkAra karanA hai jisase vaha eka abhizApa na rahakara varadAna bana jAya / mRtyu ko varadAna banA denA mAnava kA sabase bar3A puruSArtha hai / saMthArA athavA saMllekhanA kI sAdhanA isI puruSArtha kI sUcaka hai| isa sAdhanA kA anuSThAna karanevAlA mRtyu kA grahaNa svecchA se karatA hai / usase bhaya mAnakara vaha ghabarAtA nahIM aura DaratA bhI nhiiN| yuddha ke maidAna meM kSatrI bhI svecchA se mRtyu kA grahaNa karatA hai| parantu; usakA mArga hiMsAparaka hone se ahiMsA kI kasoTI para pUrA nahIM utaratA / jitanA puNya usameM hai vaha usako avazya prApta hotA hai, parantu vaha sAmAnya niyama nahIM bana sakatA / yadi hara koI lar3AI ke hI maidAna meM maranA cAhegA to vizva meM na to kabhI yuddhoM kI samApti hogI aura na zAMti hI sthApita ho skegii| ___eka aura dRSTi se bhI vicAra kiyA jAnA caahie| gItA meM yaha kahA gayA hai ki nirAhAra se manuSya kI samasta viSaya-vAsanAoM kA aMta ho jAtA hai| aMtasamaya meM manuSya ina viSayavAsanAoM se jitanA bhI nirlipta ho sake utanA hI zreyaskara hai| usakA lAbha usako isa janma meM isa rUpa meM milegA ki vaha atyanta sukhapUrvaka apane deha kA parityAga kara mRtyu ko sukhapUrvaka svIkAra kara sakegA aura dUsare janma meM usakA lAbha usako usa rUpa meM milegA ki usake lie mAnava-jIvana kI punaH prApti bahuta sulabha ho
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________________ sAhitya jIvana kI aMtima sAdhanA / 727 jaaygii| apane pratyeka jIvana meM isa prakAra Atma-kalyANa meM nirata vyakti lokakalyANa bhI adhika se adhika kara sakatA hai / AtmakalyANa meM saMlagna vyakti ke cAroM ora kA vAtAvaraNa lokasAdhanA ke jitanA anukUla hogA utanA dUsaroM ke cAroM ora kA nahIM ho skegaa| isalie jo vyakti saMthArA athavA saMllekhanA kI sAdhanA meM apane ko lagAkara, nirAhAra rahakara, saba viSaya-vAsanAoM kA parityAga kara mRtyu kA grahaNa karatA hai vaha nizcaya hI icchApUrvaka samAdhi-maraNa kI sthiti prApta karatA hai / isa prakAra jaina dharma kI mRtyu sambandhI vyavasthA bhI kitanI zreSTha, kitanI pavitra aura kitanI UMcI hai ? usake anusAra apanI mRtyu ko bhI manuSya apane lie varadAna banA sakatA hai aura apane jIvana meM AtmakalyANa karatA huA apanI mRtyu ko bhI AtmakalyANa kA sAdhana banA letA hai / yahI jaina dharma kI vyAvahArikatA hai| yahI usakA saundarya aura zobhA hai / jIvana kI aMtima sAdhanA bhI manuSya ko utanA hI UMcA uThA sakatI hai jitanA ki jIvanabhara kIgaI sAdhanA / vastutaH sAdhanA kA koI aMta nahIM vaha jisa rUpa meM jitanI bhI kI jAya utanI hI kama hai| isalie mRtyu ke kSaNoM kA bhI sAdhanA meM bItanA mAnavakalyANa ke lie anivArya rUpa se Avazyaka hai /
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________________ zrIrAjendrasUriabhinandanam paM. dukhamocana jhA. kovidendrANAM munizrIrAjendrasUrINAm nirvANA'rddhazatAbdImahe, bhavanti cAtrA'bhinandana zlokAH / loka-siddhi-vasubhUmite'bdake, vaikrame sitadale sutaiSake / saptamI zubhatithau gurordine ratnarAja uditaH sujanmanA kIrtiryA paritaH sasarpa jagadAbhoge'tra vaiyAsakI, ___ tAmAlokya budho'dhibuddhi nidadhe tAmeva tattA'vadhim / kintvanA''haMta kIrNavarNanivahaM zrautArNavAccinvato, rAjendrasya munerdadhAva vibudhapratyadhvadhanyadhvaniH // 2 // kecinnRloke munitAmayante, tatrApi kazcid viralo vipazcida / zAne parizrAmyati tatvadarzI prINAti tatvena janAni haikaH zlatha pramodAdi guNo'dhunA jano-'kRtazramo glAna ivA'vabhAti / sa kiM suratnojvalaratnasA- vicetumetaM kaNazo vidadhyAt // 4 // devA'surairmilitazakti ca yairakAri yat kSIrasAgaravimanthanakarmanutyam / taccAItAgamavizAlapayodhimantha-meko'yamatravidadhe'nyadurApakRtyam // 5 // zrAmaNyaM prathamaM durApabhavat vizeSvanAdInavaM, ___vaiduSyaM sulabhaM tavAhatajane zrIsaMghavRnde'pi ca / mandaM mandamavindatAItamate zrautaM jane mandatAm , rAjendraH kRta pAJcajanyaninadaH svIyAbhidhAnaM vyadhAt mahatvaguNayogato yadabhidhAnamanvarthakaM, kriyAvidhividhAnato yatirapi svayaM saMyataH / guNairayamabhUnmuniryadavarastadapresaro, mude padamudetu kiM tadaparaM prazaMsAparam // 7 // alpAyuzcalacittattA''lasavayaH satsAdhane nyUnatA, doSAdoSavidAM mahodyamavidhau kAle'dyataH prAktane / nA''rabdho bahuzo mahAvidhirabhUt sarvopakArakSamaH, prArabdho'pi samAptirApadabhito no sarva vijJapsitaH ca vAdi padapUrakaM tadapi nApyahAsInmudhA, mahArthacaturasradhI nihitasatyatatvaM vyadhAt / padArtha gurutA''grahAdata ihAgrahe vigrahaH, samaMjasadhiyA na vA vyaraci kasyacinnigrahaH // 9 // padamekaM padArthajJaH pRthak kartuM zrutArNavAt , AItAdarhati prAjJo rAjendrasya muneH zramAt // 10 // pratyakSarAdipadavRndapadArtha saGghA-dekaikasaMhRti niyuktirivA''pyazApA / sA cA'rhatA''gamapayodhipadoghavindu-vRndopamasya gaNanA gaNakairdurApA // 11 //
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________________ gurjara zrI yogAnaMdaghana." zrI. pAdarAkara vijJAnabaLe Aje evI ghaNI bAbata banI rahI che ke bAhyadaSTithI jotAM tenA nirmAtAo vizeSajJa lAge che. vAyaralesa, eroplena, aNuboma, DIsTroyarsa mazInarI vigere jevAthI e utkaTa AbhAsa thAya che ke bhAratavarSanA purANa meTerAo, maharSie, AcAryo A prakAranA vijJAnathI ajANa hatA vA temane temAM praveza na hate ! paNa bhAratanA vijJAnazAstranA jJAtAo sArI peThe jANe che ke tema kahevuM hAsyAspada che. purAtana kALanA bhAratIya vijJAnIo, vidvAne, maharSi, AcAryonuM dhyAna vizvanI vicitratA batAvavA karatA jJAnaprAptimAM vizeSa hatuM. teo kudarata bhUta-bhAvi-vartamAna ane vizvoddhAranA jJAnane jANavA-anubhavavA-prasAravAmAM vadhu dattacita hatA ne rahetA ane tenA sAphalya mATe teo nitya navAM sAdhana, Ayojana ane vidhAne karyA karatA, jethI janatAne paNa tene anusaravAthI nijAtmAnaMda prApti-prabhuprAptinI sugamatAnI khAtrI thatI. koI paNa prakAranA eka ja kaLa, kArakhAnA, ejInAdi AviSkAra ke jenAthI hajAro lAkhe zramajIvI mAnavenA dhaMdhArojagAra khoravAI jAya, bekArI bhUkhamare Ave tevA AviSkAra karavAnA prayatna teo kadi na karatA. vijJAne ANelI bhayaMkaratA, saMhAra, bhUkhamare ane Adhi-vyAdhi-upAdhiothI AjanuM vizva ajANa nathI ja. avazya bhAratavarSanA purAtana kALanA vidvAne, kalAjJAnio maharSio AjanA jevI adUbhUta, vilakSaNa ane Azcaryajanaka zodhakhoLAmAM pUrNatayA praviNa hatA. je temanI taiyAra karelI yogika, vaijJAnika, AdhyAtmika, zilpa, maMtra, taMtra ane AryuvedIya karAmata joI jANuM samajI anubhavI zakAya te sonI pratIti thaI jAya ke bhAratavarSanA purANuM mAna vaijJAnika, trikAlajJa maharSio, vartamAnakAlIna vijJAnavettAo karatAM ghaNuM AgaLa vadhelA, samayanA jANuM ane jJAnI hatA. emaNe sarva vidyAo, kalA vyavasAya eTalA badhA pragativAna banAvyA hatA ke jene keTalAya videzI vidvAne, ghanikAe bhAratane saraLa hadayI mAna pAsethI pustaka meLavI tenuM abhyAsapUrvaka rUpAntara karI saraLa sAdhana vaDe aneka prakAranA saMzodhana ane AviSkAra karyA che, ane Aja paNa karI rahyA che, ane e vidyAo jANavA ja Agsa, amerikana, jarmana, phreMca ane rUsI lekene saMskRta, pAlI, mAgadhI bhASAo bhaNavI paDI che ane Aja bhaNe che. 12 ( 88)
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrari-smAraka-graMtha vAlmIki rAmAyaNa, bhAradvAjAdinI saMhitAo, pataMjalInuM darzanazAstra, vAtsyAyanAdinAM kAmasUtro, mayanuM zilpazAca, vyAsajInuM mahAbhArata, jetazanuM yaMtrarAjazAstra, kauTilyanuM arthazAstra, avaMtIkezanuM bhejazAstra, zrI haribhadrasUrIzvarajInuM tathA zrI hemacaMdrAdinuM yegazAstra, zrI yazovijayajInuM vijJAnazAstra ane nAthasaMpradAyavALA matyendrAdinuM alakha camatkArIka maMtrataMtra zAstra Adi aneka vijJAna vidyAonA purANA amegha bhaMDAre ApaNA bhAratavarSamAM bharyA paDayA che. prAcIna bhAratanA ga, lega ane leka-sevAnA sarva prakAre Azcaryajanaka chatAM lekepagI alaukika AviSkAre hajI susa nathI thayA. janAra te meLavI zake che. je saMyama ane girikaMdarAo sevAya te Aja paNa videzI vidvAne jenA paThanapAnathI vimugdha banI rahyA che chatAM tene saMpUrNa samajavA teo asamartha che; evA ja abhUta vijJAne mAMnuM eka addabhUta aMga te yogavidyA che. yama, niyama, Asana, prANAyAma, pratyAhAra, dhAraNA, dhyAna ane samAdhI e yuga sAdhanAnA mukhya aMga che. (1) yama-bAhya indriyane nigraha kare, Asana para besavuM, daSTi sthira karavI. (2) niyama-indriyane nigraha kare arthAt manane ekAgra karavuM vigere. (3) Asana-sthiratAthI sukhapUrvaka viziSTa rIte besavuM te. (4) prANAyAma-viziSTa rIte zvAsocchavAsanI kriyA karavI, japamAM te khAsa karavI paDe che. (5) pratyAhAra-zabdAdi viSaya pratye deDI jatAM manane pAchuM vALI aMtarmukha karavuM te. (6) dhAraNa-eka ja sthAnamAM daSTine sthira karavI, japamAM te Avazyaka gaNAya che. (7) yAna-ceya para cittanI ekAgratA-japamAM te hevI ja joIe. (8) samAdhI-kayeyanI sAthe tadAkArapaNuM. jemAM sauthI pahelA dhotI, baratI, neti, nIlI, trATaka ane kapAlabhAti kriyAothI zarIrazuddhi karavAmAM Ave che. ane vividha prakAranI mudrAothI sAdhakane gasAdhanane yogya banAvavAmAM Ave che. ane yama, niyamAdinA pAlanathI Asana, prANAyAma jevI durbodhya yA gurulaya gurugamapUrvakanI kriyAo sahita vega-vighAne abhyAsa karI zakAya che. A TuMkA AlekhanamAM A mahAvidyAnuM mahattva yA te tenI vilakSaNa kriyAo kema batAvI zakAya? chatAM eTaluM kahI zakAya ke AjakAlanA mahAbuddhivAna-ghaNa ane maTI DIgrIvALA DokaTaro keI paNa mANasane behoza banAvIne tene astrazastrathI ahiM tahIMthI phADI aMdaranAM AMtaraDA, nasa, nADI yA regAdine jeI pharI sarakhAM banAvI de che, te ja kAma yA tethI paNa vadhu bhayaMkara jokhamI kAma jarAye cIryA ke teDaphADa karyA yA oSadhopacAra vinA gIo takSaNa phatehamaMdIthI karatA hatA ke jene jovAthI Azcaryacakita evaM avAka banI javAya che. ane zarIranA aneka roga, deva je ghaNu ja zrama, samaya ane dhanavyayathI paNa
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________________ zrI yogAnaMdalana 12 sudharatA nathI te gavighAthI jota-jotAmAM sudharI jAya che. dAkhalA tarIke--(1) nAkathI dUdha pANI pAchA kheMcI mukhathI kADhI nAkhavA. (2) maladvAra dvArA jaLa kheMcI peTa bharI kADhI nAkhavuM. (3) volIthI vIryane akhaMDa ane UrvagAmI karIne suvarNa je deha banAve. (4) prANAyAmavaDe zvAse chavAsa AdithI rahIta banI prabhudarzanamAM lIna banI javuM. (5) bahuvidha AsanethI aneka prakAranA guNane anubhava kare. (6) aneka prakAranA prANAyAmethI prANenuM zoSaNa cA piSaNa karIne prANavAyunI gati vadhArI ke ghaTADI vAdhIna rAkhavI. (7) bhUtazuddhidvArA zarIragata prANene mAtra eka ja jagA-(mastaka) mAM rAkhIne nirjIva avasthAmAM paramAnaMdanI prApti karavI. (8) samAdhI lagAvIne AyuSyanI vRddhi karavI. (9) tela, kAca, khIlA yA saMkhIyA somala khUba khAI pI nirbhaya, nizcita ane nirAmaya rahevuM-Adi mahAmuzkela kAryo mAtra gavighAthI ja sAdhya thaI zake che. gavidyAnA ArAdhaka, sAdhake mukhyatve 3% nA jApathI ja prAraMbha kare che je * sadA sarvasAdhake RSi-munione mAnya rahyo che. maMtra-zAmAM tene praNava kahevAmAM Ave che. sarva maMtra padomAM te Adya pada che. sarve vaNene te Adijanaka che. enuM svarUpa anAghanaMta guNayukta che. zabdasRSTinuM e mULa bIja che. jJAnarUpa tinuM e kendra che. anAhatanAdane e pratiSa che. parabrahmane e ghAtaka che ane parameSTine e vAcaka che. sarva darzana ane sarva taMtramAM e samAnabhAve vyApaka che. gIjanene e ArAdhya vibhu che. sakAma upAsakene e kAmita phaLa Ape ane niSkAma upAsakane AdhyAtmika mekSadAyaka che. hRdayanA dhabakArAonI mAphaka e niraMtara gIonA hRdayamAM jhUryA kare che. ganA ArAdhake mATe ratnacatuSTayamAM kahe che ke__sNtyksrvsNklpo nirvikalpasamAdhitAm / saMprApya tAtvikAnandamaznute saMyataH svayam // jeNe sarva saMkalpane tyAga karyo che evA (munivare-sAdhaka) pite nirvikalpa samAdhI sAdhIne sahajAnaMdane pAme che. manazcaMcalatA prApya yatra tatra paribhramat / sthiratAM labhate naiva Atmano dhyAnamantarA // mana caMcaLatA pAmIne jyAM tyAM paribhramaNa karatuM chatAM AtmAnA dhyAna vinA sthiratAne pAmatuM nathI. citta vazIkRte sarva vijAnIyat vazIkRtam / vazIkaraNAya citasya sarvopAyAH prajalpitAH //
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________________ 732 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha citta vaza karyAthI sarva vaza karyuM ema jANavuM. zAstramAM tapa japa Adi sarva upAye kahyA che-te kharekhara mana vaza karavA mATe ja jANavAM. zAnadarzanacAritra - vIryAnandaniketanaH / AtmArAmaH sadA dhyeyaH sarvazaktimayaH sadA // jJAna, darzana, cAritra, vIrya ane AnaMdanuM sthAna ane sadA sarvazaktimaya eve AtmA sadAkALa dhyAna karavA yogya che. AtmAnuM dhyAna karanAra AtmA-gAbhukha thatAM kevAM cidAnaMdamaya paramasukhane pAme che-AsvAde che te A ratnacatuSTaya darzAve che ane dhanuSya tIra AtmAnuM lakSya brahma banAvavuM, varAthI viMdhavAne hAM, tIravat tanmaya thAvuM, jagatane pitAnI jAjavalyamAna tithI javalaMta banAvanAra, vizvamAM akhaMDa alaukikatAne adbhuta AvirbhAva sAdhI ApanAra, mAnavajAtane bAhiraMtara Rddhi-siddhio ane parama kalyANa sAdhI ApanAra, vizvavaMgha vizvapUjya vizvArAdhya maMgalamaya rogavidyA ane praNavamaMtra kArathI kayA rASTra, dharma, mAnava, saMta, yuga ke kALa ajJAna rahyAM che bhalA! jenAM praskurita amegha tejerAzimaMDita divya kiravaDe lekAleka jhaLahaLI rahyAM che, jenAM jAguMjanathI megI, mAnavI, deveya AkarSAI cAlyA Ave che, ane jenA sAcA zuddha bhAvabharyA saMpUrNa ArAdhanathI game tevuM mAnavabALa nijasAdhya lakSyabiMdu sAdhI le che. nAsikAgre amRta dRSTi thApI aMtaranA UMDANamAM DUbakI mArI jemAM ciMtavanamAM mahAna gIo lIna vilIna kRta-kRtya banI jAya che evA jagatapUjya anAhatanA preraka legavidyAne mukuTamaNi samAna kAra jayavaMta varte. dhyAna; hRdaya-kamaLa-sthita saMpUrNa zakhabrahmabIja bhUtasvara vyaMjana sahita paMcaparameSTivAcaka, temaja caMdrakaLAmAMthI jharatA amRtanA rase karI bhiMjAtA mahAmaMtra 3SkAranuM kuMbhaka prANayAmapUrvaka dhyAna karavuM ISTa che. temAM apUrva zakti che. sarva maMtre temAM samAviSTa thAya che. apUrva kAra maMtranuM je bhegI sAdhake dhyAna kare che teo mana markaTane vaza karI parama zAMtine pAme che. kAra vAya svarUpAne ceyarUpe svIkArI temAM cittanI ekAgratA karatAM saMkalpavikalpa laya pAme che. rajoguNa, tamoguNa jAya che ane satvaguNa khIle che. te vakhate manamAM AnaMdanI jhAMkhIne apUrva samatArasa anubhavAya che. vANI para kAranuM dirghakALa dhyAna dharatAM vacananI siddhi thAya che. cha jevI jagatamAM anya alokika amUlya addabhuta zakti ke vastu nathI. vizeSa zuM? kAranuM paripUrNa svarUpa samajAya-anubhavAya tyAre rogIone tenI apUrva khUbIo hastagata thAya che.
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________________ zrI gAnaMdaghana eka varatunuM AlaMbana karI temAM aMtarmuhaMta paryata mananI sthiratA karavI te chAstha dhyAna kahevAya che. dhyAnanI paraMparA te ghaNA vakhata sudhI rahI zake che. muhUrta bAda mananI sthiti badalAya ke punaH manane tyAM sthApana karavuM. A pramANe manamAM ISTa varatunuM dhyAna kalAka sudhI abhyAsa vaDe thaI zake. dhyAnanI paraMparA vadhavA sAthe Atmazakti prakaTatI jAya che ane tethI aneka prakAranA anubhave bhAse che. aneka prakAranI zaktio labdhio siddhio prakaTe che-aneka bhanAM karmo paNa dhyAnabaLe kSaya pAme che. A dhyAna vA gasAdhana AtmajJAna vA adhyAtmajJAnapUrvaka karavAmAM Ave che tyAre tenI alaukikatA addabhuta evaM nyArI ja thaI rahe che ane je adhyAtmajJAnapUrvaka yogajJAnanI prApti kare che ene aSTa siddhio ane nava nidhione moha rahetA ja nathI. kAraNa gavidyAnI prAptithI je thavAnubhavarasAmRtane AsvAda sAdhaka karI zake che tenA AgaLa IndranI Rddhi paNa kUcA jevI phikkI nIrasa-tyAjya lAge che. adhyAtmajJAnane rAjaroga-sahaga kahevAmAM Ave che. tenA samAna keI mahAna yuga nathI. rAga pAse haga hAtha joDI Ubho rahe che. adhyAtmajJAna vinAnA haThagIo, trASio, tapasvIo kAmAdi viSayamAM lapasI paDayA-zrApa ApyA-tapaphaLathI bhraSTa thayAnA dRSTAMta zAstromAM beMdhAyA che. hogIo IrachAo vAsanAo dabAvI zake, paNa tene sarvathA nAza nathI karI zakatA. bAlane haga upagI-upakArI thaI zake che, keTalIka sAdhAraNa siddhio paNa meLave che, paNa badhA dAkhalAomAM nahiM ja. yama-niyama-Asana-prANAyAma e cAra aMgene hagamAM samAveza thAya che, ane pratyAhAra, dhAraNA, dhyAna ane samAdhine rAgamAM samAveza thAya che. yamanI siddhi thayA pazcAta niyamanI siddhi thAya che. Asanane ya thavAthI rAjagamAM ghaNI madada maLe che. pUraka, kuMbhaka, recaka, prANAyAmane brahmA, viSNu ane ziva kahevAmAM Ave che. IDAne gaMgA piMgalAne yamunA ane suSasthAne sarasvatI kahevAmAM Ave che. tripuTIne kAzI kahevAmAM Ave che. DAbI nAsikAmAMthI candra nADI vahe che. jamaNImAMthI sUrya nADI vahe che. brahmaraMdhrane brahmaleka-vaikuMTha-siddhasthAna kahevAya che. cittavRttine prakRti kahevAya che. jIvane puruSa kahevAya che. AdhAra svAdhiSThAna vigere zarIramAM paDyo kahevAya che. temAM dhyAna dharavAthI suSuNNA nADInuM utthAna thAya che. merudaMDamAM prANunuM vahana thAya che. IDA, piMgalAmAM vArApharatI pRthvI, a, teja, vAyu ane AkAza ema pAMca tatve vahe che. AkhA divasamAM 21600 zvAsocchavAsa vahe che. zarIramAM vAyu, pitta ane kapha pratipAdana karI tenA sAmyamAM savika prakRtinuM prakaTIkaraNa sUcavyuM che. nAbhikamaLamAM je dhyAnavRtti rAkhavAmAM Ave che, tene suratA kahevAmAM Ave che; nAbhi tathA tripuTImAM thatA prakAzane jhaLahaLati kahevAmAM Ave che. zrI pataMjalinA samayamAM 84 jAtanAM Asane hatAM. gorakha ane
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________________ 734 bhImad vijayarAjendrasari-smAraka-praya mandranAM samayamAM ghaNuM Asane hatAM. vegane mahimA vadhe, mudrAo paNa vadhavA lAgI. prANAyAmane bhede paNa vadhavA lAgyA. vedo ane daza upaniSadamAM aneka Asane ane prANAyAmanI vyAkhyA karavAmAM AvI nathI. bhagavAna zrI mahAvIrasavAmInA samayamAM haThayoganI vizeSa prakriyAonuM vizeSa varNana jovAmAM AvatuM nathI. haThAganI pravRti tatvasamayamAM haze paraMtu gupta rAkhavAmAM AvI haze. A vidyAne gupta rAkhavA yogya gaNAtI ane te satya che. hamaNAM aneka graMthe A mahAvidyAnA prakAzanamAM che chatAM tene lAbha karatAM geralAbha vadhu saMbhave che, kAraNa ke gya svAnubhavI megI guruo sivAya gurugamapUrvaka A vidyA yogya pAtra parIkSaNa karyA vinA game te tene ArAdhe te saphaLatA-upakAritAne sathAne niSphaLatA vadhu saMbhave che. niraMgI tana-mana-zuddhAcAra pratipAlana, cittanirodha, saMyama, brahmacarya, vinaya ane daDha zraddhA sivAya A mahAvidyA kupAtramAM UlaTI bhayaprada banI rahe che. vartamAnakALa saMgamAM zarIra, mana, vANa ane ArAdhana vikRta dekhAya che ne tethI ja A prabhune, jIvanamuktine-vizvaupakAritAne mArga viSama banatuM jAya che. kAraNa Purity of mind leads to perfection in Yoga. Regulate your con. duct when you deal with others. Have no fealing of jealousy towards others. Do not hate sinners. Be compassionate. Be kind to all. Develop complacency towards superiors. The success in Yoga will be rapid if you put your maximum energy in your Yogic practice. You must have been longing for liberation and intense Vairag also, you must be singere and earnest. Intense and constant meditation is necessary for entering into Samadhi (K. Y.). A parathI paNa ga-samAdhi prAptinI kaThaNAI ane sAdhananI vipulatAne khyAla Avaze. A viSamakALe temAMnuM keTaluM zakya ane sAdhya thaI zake? tene mATe kayuM sthaLa gya hoI zake e vicAraNIya che. Abu, giranAra, haradvAra ke himAlaya javuM paDe ke zaheranI kabutarakhAnA jevI oraDIo cAle te sAdhaka svayaM vicArI le. kAranuM dhyAna : dhyAnamAM aneka bhede che. pinDastha, padastha, rUpastha. rUpAtIta, A cAra prakAranuM dhyAna AtmAne ucca dazA Ape che. dareka sAthe dhAraNAo hoya che. pinDasthamAM pArthivI, AgneyI, mArutI, varuNI, ane tatvabhU A pAMca dhAraNAo che. A sau te viSayanA pustakomAM jevA jANavA prayatnazIla rahevuM. dhyAna karanAranI pAtratA : prAraMbhamAM sAdhake pitAnAmAM yogya guNa prakaTAvavA pUrNatayA prayatnazIla thavuM ja
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________________ zrI yogAnaMdaghana joIe. je e guNone abhAva hoya to dhyAnanI dhArA vahetI nathI ane satya rasAsvAda anubhavAtuM nathI. jitendriyasya dhIrasya prazAMtasya sthiraatmnH| sthirAsanasthanAsAgranyastanetrasya yoginaH // 1 // ruddhabAhyamanovRtterdhAraNA dhAraNA syAt / prasannasyApramattasya cidAnandasudhAlihaH // 2 // sAmrAjyamapratidvandvamantareva vitnvtH| dhyAnino nopamAloke sadevamanuje'pi hiM // 3 // (upadezaprAsAda) jeNe indriyane jya karyo che evA, tathA je dhIra che, je atyaMta zAMta che, jeNe pitAnA AtmAne sthira karyo che, jenuM sitharAsana, nAsikAnA agrabhAga para daSTi sthApanA karI che, (dayeyamAM citta sthira karavuM te) dhAraNa ane tenA dhAraNathI jeNe vege bAhyamAM jatI manevRitta rekI che, je prasanna che, je apramatta che, jeNe cidAnaMda amRtane ApavAda lIdhe che, jeNe bAhyAbhyantara vipakSa rahita jJAnAdinA apratihata sAmrAjyane aMtaramAM vistAryuM che, evA dhyAnanI devalokamAM ke manuSyalakamAM upamA nathI." | sarva duHkhane nAza karanAra sthAna che, ema aneka graMthanI sAkSIo siddha thAya che mATe zuddha bhAve ekAgra citte kAranuM dhyAna kare. bahirantazca samantAt , cintAceSTAparivyuto yogii| tanmayabhAvaM prAptaH kalayati bhRzamunmanIbhAvam // dhyAna kayAM karavuM ? : ekAnta ramya pavitra pradezamAM, sukhAsane besI, paganA aMgUThAthI mastakanA agrabhAga paryata samagra avayavone zithila karI, kAntarUpane jete, manahara vANIne saMbhALa, sugaMdhIone parimala lete, rasAsvAda cAkhate, mRdubhAne sparzate, mananI vRttione nahiM vArate chato, odAsInya bhAvamAM upayukta, nitya viSayAsakita vinAne bAhyAMtara ceSTAocintAethI rahita, yogI (sAdhaka ) pitAnA zuddha svarUpanA tamaya bhAvane prApta thaI atyaMta unmanIbhAvane dhAraNa kare che. dhyAnanA camatkArathI sAvadhAna - A camatkArika kAra sAdhanAdhyAna dvArA thatI layAvasthAmAM AtmArUpa paramAtmAnI zuddha ti bhAse che. tenuM varNana vaikharI vANIthI na karI zakAya; tenA anubhavIone ja tenAM zraddhA darzana anubhava thAya. anubhavI guru vinA keIthIe AvI samAdhImAM praveza karI zakAtuM nathI. brahmaraMdhramAM samAdhi thavAthI aneka camatkAranI utpatti thAya che. gupta vAtanA paDadA khule che, pUrve na joyeluM-na anubhaveluM jevAya, anubhavAya, sAkSA
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________________ zrImad vijJAneri-ra4-graMtha tkAra thAya che. gupta tanAM rahasya tenAM AgaLa khaDAM thAya che, te paNa temAM tene Azcarya thatuM nathI. evA vakhate yogI sAdhake sAvadhAna rahevAnI khAsa jarUra che. lekanuM tenA prati khUba AkarSaNa thAya che, devatAo darzana Ape che. je je tatva saMbaMdhI tene zaMkA thAya tene samAdhimAM devatA mAraphate nirNaya thaI jAya che. prAyaH te vakhate gIe bhaviSya kathanamAM kheMcAvuM nahi. duniyAnA leke svArthI prazno karavA sevA kare tene paNa teo tarapha lakSa devuM nahi. ajANyA ane gAMDA mAphaka vartana calAvI pitAne abhyAsa AgaLa calAve. pitAnA kRtyane leke pAkhaMDa Dhaga, daMbha, kahe te paNa duniyAne camatkAravA pitAnI parIkSA jaNAvavAnI bhAMjagaDamAM kadI paDavuM nahiM. mAnavAdhikAra pramANe jarUra paDaye dharmopadeza Ape. adhikArIne kaMI jaNAvA yogya jaNAvavuM. nAstika lako samAdhine gapa mAne te mauna sevavuM. game te upAdhio Ave sahI levI. adhUrA abhyAse kaI paNa vighakAraka bAbatathI alaga rahevuM. ziSyane paNa svAnubhava kahevA nahi. sadAkALa samAdhimAM AtmaciMtanamAM magna rahevuM. jo ke samAdhi eka sarakhI rahetI nathI. amuka vakhata sudhI ja rahe che. pazcAt saMsArI bAbatomAM lakSya lagADavAmAM Ave te vakhate vyavahAra dazAmAM vartAya che, paNa punaH kevaLa kuMbhaka vagere prANAyAma karI samAdhi prApta karI zakAya che. zukaladhyAna prApya nizcaya samAdhinA keTalAka aMza vartamAna kALamAM apramatta dazAthI jJAnI yegIo prApta karI zake che. brahmaraMdhramAM cittanI sthiratA thavAthI tyAM nizcaya samAdhine anubhava Ave che. sUryodaya thatAM arUNodaya mAphaka ja atra samAdhidyutine prakAza prApta thAya che. sahajajJAga samAdhi prApta karavA mATe sadguru upAsanAnI atyaMta AvazyakatA che. saddaguru vinA kAMI maLI zake ema nathI e nizcaya mAnaje. keTalAka pUrvabhava ekAdaza saMskAravihIna mAnavane samAdhi nAma upara dveSa Ave che, tenuM kAraNa ke te ene bhavapariNatine paripAka thayo nathI, AtmAnA zuddha dharmanI prApti thavI mahAmuzkela che. game tevAM pustako vAMce paNa sadgurunI sevA pUrvaka gurugama lIdhA vinA samAdhimAM praveza thaI zakatuM nathI. gurugamapUrvaka banelA jJAnagIo ja A parama javalaMta kalyANukara kAra mahAmaMtra pAmI samAdhi anubhavIne sAdhI zake che e niHzaMsaya che. vartamAna kALe paNa keTalAMka ekAMta kriyAruci jIvaDA vegasamAdhi kAra lagna nA jApanA nAma mAtrathI bhaDakI uThe che. pitAnA aMdhazraddhALu bhakta dvArA teo yegIonI niMdA-TIkA karAvI pitAne kRtakRtya mAne che ane keTalAka ghuvaDadaSTie te cha marda nA parama jAjvalyamAna rUparAzimaMDita parama tatvane jovA paNa asamartha bane che; kAraNa ke sahasakalAyukta sUrya vizvamAM prakAzita thatAM ghuvaDa te joI zakato nathI, paNa tevAonI dayA khAtAM ema kahI devAya che ke teo pitAnI bhUla joI A parama kalyANakara divya tejemaya janmajarAnivAraka mahAmaMtra cha mana nI pichAna prApta kare, kevaLa kriyAruci hoI
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________________ zrI gAnaMdana cha7. paMDitAI dhAraNa karI paMDita kahevarAvanArAone bicArAne zuM vAMka? zrImad devacaMdrajI gAI gayA che ke, dravyakriyAci jIvaDA re, bhAva kriyAcihIna, upadezaka paNa tehavA re, zuM kare chava navIna re ? caMdrAnana prabhu tavAgama jANaga tyajI re, bahujana saMmata teha, mUTha haThI jana AdaryA re, suguru kahAve teha re. caMdranAna vaLI vyavahAra nizcayanI bAMga pUkAranAra vyavahAra nizcayanA svarUpane je na samaje te satya rahasya kema pAmI zakAya? jJAna adhyAtma gAbhyAsa vinA satya nizcayatatva rastAmAM paDayuM nathI. nizcayanA pAragAmI vinA cegAbhyAsanI jhAMkhI aprApya che. pUrvAcAryo te tyAM sudhI kahe che ke - jimajima bahuzruta bahu janasammata, bahuziSya parivariyALa; timatima jinazAsana verI, jo navi nizcaya dari0 phUTa bAkI RArA rAdhana, gArAdhana, jJAnArAdhana, mATe te pUrva puruSe jJAnIo lakSAvadhi zlekamAM lakhI gayA che. zrI cidAnaMdajI, zrI AnaMdaghanajI, zrI yazovijyajI, zrI devacaMdrajI, zrI vinayavijyajI, zrI hemacaMdrAcAryajI, zrI haribhadrasUrijI, zrI jinadattasUrijI, zrI buddhisAgarasUrijI Adi gIoe te gAdhyAtmajJAna mATe jIvana vitAvyAM che, tenAM yatheccha gAna gAyAM che, prarUpyAM che. thoDAka namUnA joIe. saM. 1737 mAM vidyamAna evA mahAsamartha vidvAna hemalaghuprakriyA, kalpasUtra subodhikA TIkA, lekaprakAza vagere graMthanA kartA zrI vinayavijayajI upAdhyAya kahe che ke - sAdhubhAI se hai jaina kA rAgI, jAkI surata mUla dhUna lagI sAdhu se sAdhu akarmasu bhagaDe, zUna bAMdhe dharmazAlA, sohama zabda kA dhAgA sAMdhe, jape ajapA mAlA sAdhu X pAMca bhUta kA bhayA miTAyA, chaThThA mAMhI samAyA, vinaya prabhu zuM ti mIlI jaba, phira saMsAra na AyA, sAdhu u. bhagavAna zrI yazovijayajI- aba hama magana bhaye, prabhu dhyAna meM, cidAnaMdakI meja macI hai, samatArasa ke pAna meM. x tAlI lAgI jaba anubhavakI, taba jAne kAU zAna meM,
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________________ ra8 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha vAcaka jasa kahe meha mahAari, chata lIe medAnameM ha0 zrI AnaMdaghanajI gavarUpa pAmyA pachI bole che - aba hama amara bhaye na mareMge. zrI cidAnaMdajI gAya che pada 11 jaga jugatI jANyA vinA, kahA nAma dharAve, ramApati kahe raMka, dhana hAtha na Ave. jema, cidAnaMda samajyA vinA, ginatI nahi Ave zrI munisuMdarakuta adhyAtmakalpadruma jenuM mana samAdhivaMta hoIne pitAnA tAbAmAM vase che tene yamaniyamathI zuM? vaLI adhyAtmasaMsAramAM-aMtargata bhAvone dekhate ane pUrNa bhAvane pAmele adhyAtma vaibhavane bhagavate jJAnI (yegI) anyane (svarUpa sivAya) oLakhate nathI. zrI buddhisAgarasUrijI- hama hama hama hama hama hama dilameM vakSerI, huM tuM bhedabhAva dUra nA kSAyika bhAve kadI na kharI. buddhisAgara sahama mAne paramAtma pada Apa bharI, zrI zAMtivijyajI-bhAMgane naze jema chAzathI utare tema saMsArabhAvanAnAM viSa kAranA jApathI utarI jaze, vegane abhyAsa kare ! tethI ja hindane uddhAra che. jenuM jIvana evuM hoya ke jenI devatAo paNa yAtrA karavA Ave evuM jIvana jIvaje. zrI nArada bhakitasUtraH zleka 56- tanmayI vRtti tame samAdhi avicchila che, prabhumAM sarvathA cha aMtarbAhya abhina che, zrI gurUdattAtreya jIvanamukta gItA zleka 16-17- garbhadhyAnavaDe pekhe, jJAnInuM mana eja che; vilAyuM mana sohamamamAM jIvanamukata ja eha che. haiyAmAM dhyAnathI dekhe prakAze mana tane, sahama haMsaja je pekhe jIvanamukta ja e che. vedAntazAstra-zabda, rUpa, rasa, gaMdha, ane vinAza rahita, nitya, anAdi, anaMta, ahaMkArathI dhruvapada evA-AtmAne anubhava karanAra manuSya mRtyunA mukhathI mukAya che. A te ceDAMka daSTAMte yuganA abhyAsIonI pratitI arthe che. 4
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________________ zrI yogAnaMdaghana 739 cittavRttinirodha karavAnI ATha kriyAo vaDe koI paNa prakAranuM kaNa anubhavyA sivAya sthira rahevA mATe Asana karavAnAM che. 1. abhyAsavairAgyAbhyAMtannirodha-abhyAsa ane vairAgyathI cittanirodha kare. 2. IzvarapraNidhAnAkA-sarvadA prabhumAM-dhyeyamAM mana rahevuM. 3. prachanavicAraNAbhyAM pANasya-prANunuM dhAraNa ane prANAyAma karavAM. 4. viSayavatI vA pravRttisampannA-Indriya vizeSamAM dhAraNa dvArA gaMdhAdine sAkSAtkAra kare. pa. vizekA vA tiSmatI-hudayakamaLamAM ti-prakAza phelAve. 6. vItarAgaviSayayAcittama-vItarAgI yA niSkAmI devamAM citta devuM. 7. svapnanidrAjJAnAlaMbana vA-ravapnamAM mUrtivizeSa vA sAtvika vRttine Azraya le. 8. yathAbhipretadhyAnAdvA-IcchA pramANe dhyAna dharavuM. A sAdhane cittavRttinirodha mATe ati upayogI che. emanAM graMthamAM aneka prakAranAM Asane batAvyAM che hagadipIkAmAM 14 prakAranAM-gapradIpa(1825 mAM lakhAyelA) mAM 21 prakAranAM, gheraMDa saMhitAmAM 32 prakAranAM, vizvakeSamAM 32 prakAranAM, anubhavaprakAzamAM (1825 mAM lakhAyela che.) 50 prakAranAM, Asana nAmaka graMthamAM 49 batAvyAM che. A prakAre tAravaNI karatAM kulle 133 thAya che; paraMtu yogI gorakhanAthe ane bhegI keka mahAzaye ga-bhAganA pUrAM 84 Asane batAvyAM che; eTale ahiM saMkSepamAM tenA nAma batAvIzuM. saMpUrNa AsanemAM siddhAsana, padmAsana, bhadrAsana ane siMhAsana ati mahatvanAM che. jemAM ekamAM ja aneka guNa samAyA che, ane e eka eka paNa aneka prakAre karI zakAya che. prAcIna kALamAM yogIo A ja Asane sAdhI aneka siddhio prApta karI hatI. paramatattava prabhunuM cintavana karavArUpa uparakta cAre AsanamAMthI padmAsana adhika mAnya gaNAya che. sarva prakAranI abhISTa siddhimAM e upagamAM levAya che. jyAre anya AsananAM abhyAsamAM kaI kriyA prakriyAmAM bhUla thAya te prANuta kaSTa AvI javA saMbhAvanA rahe che. padmAsana parama nirdoSa che. mukti ane bhukita baMne padmAsana Ape che. te yuga vidyAnuM sarvAdhAra aMga che, Adhunika samayamAM zirSAsanane mahimA paNa apAra gaNAya che. enAthI aneka deSa dUra thAya che. sarva AsamAM tenA saMpUrNa guNa samAviSTa che ane sarva AsanethI baLa, vibhUti, vidyA ane dIrgha jIvana saMprApya che. je tene abhyAsa yathAkrama dhIme dhIme vadhAryuM javAya te bhUtalane mAnava devatA banI zake che. have ApaNe AsanonAM nAma joIe. (1) siddhAsana (2) prasiddha siddhAsana (3) padmAsana (4) baddha padmAsana (5) uthIta padmAsana (6) Urva padmAsana (6) sukha padmAsana (8) bhadrAsana (9) vastikAsana
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________________ 70 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha (10) cogAsana (11) prANAsana vA prANAyAmAsana (12) bhuktAsana (13) pavaramuktAsana (14) sUryAsana (15) sUryabhedabhedanAsana. (16) bhadrikAsana (17) sAvitrI samAdhi (18) acintanIyAsana (19) brahmajavarAMkuza (20) uddhArakAsana (21) mRtyubhaMjakAsana (22) AtmArAmAsana (23) bhairavAsana (24) gurUDAsana (25) gomukhAsana (26) vAtayAnAsana (27) siddhimuktAvalI (28) khetI Asana (ra9) pUrvAsana. (30) pazcimetAsana (31) mahAmudrA (32) vajAsana (33) cakrAsana (34) garbhAsana (35) zIrSAsana (36) hastAdhArazIrSAsana (37) urvasarvAgAsana (38) hastapAdAMguSAsana (39) pAdAMgukhAsana (40) uttAnapAdAsana (41) jAnalagnahastAsana (42) ekapAdazirAsana (43) dvipAdazirAsana (44) ekahastAsana (45) pAdahastAsana (46) karNa pIThamulAsana (47) kesusana (48) trikoNAsana (49) catuSkoNAsana (50) kaMThapIDAsana (51) tulItAsana (para) lela-tADavRddhAsana (53) dhanuSAsana (54) viyogAsana (55) vilemAna (56) nyAsana (57) guptAMgAsana (58) utkaTAsana (59) zahAsana (60) saMkaTAsana (61) aMdhAsana (62) idrAsana (63) zabAsana (64) gapuchAsana (65) vRSabhAsana (66) uSTrAsana (67) markaTAsana (68) matsyAsana (69) matyendrAsana (70) makarAsana (71) karachapAsana (72) maMDukAsana (73) uttAnamaMDukAsana (74) haMsAsana (75) bakAsana (76) mayurAsana (77)kukkAsana (78) krodhAsana (79) zalabhAsana (80) vRzcikAsana (81) sarvAsana (82) halAsana (83) vIrAsana (84) zAMtipriyAsana. Ama dareka AsanathI kaIne kaI lAbha jarUra avazya maLe che. sAthe sAthe Arogya, AyuSya ane prabhu pratye anurAga vadhe che. Asane sAthe muddAo ane prANAyAma karavAnAM che. jethI tene lAbha pUrNatayA maLI zake ane prabhuprApti thaI zake che. A sarve kaI sArA anubhavInI sAthe rahIne dhIre-dhIre karavAthI ucita lAbha jarUra maLe che ane saphaLatA sahaja sAdhya bane che. uparyukata AsananAM pratha prathapha matamatAMtarethI nAma, kAma ane prabhAvamAM kyAMka-kayAMka bhinnatA jaNAya che; je te prakAranA gathe avalakavAthI satya samajAze ane saddagurunI hAyathI saphaLatA maLaze. have prANayAma saMbaMdhI theDIka hakIkata jaNAvIzuM. pratyeka prANuo jamaNe nAsAchidrathI nIkaLatA prANavAyu zvAse zvAsane yathAvidhi kheMca, rAka ane bahAra kADhave tethI prANAyAma thAya che. tene ja pUraka, (kuMbhaka), recaka kahevAya che. ane je vAyu bahAra nIkaLe che tene jamaNuM, DAbA yA sUrya caMdra svara mAnavAmAM Ave, e ja vAyu pravAhita rahe tyAM sudhI vara kahevAya che ane pravRti palaTAvI devAthI prANAyAma banI jAya che. - je ke agUThe ane tarjanInI sahAyathI prANAyAma karavAmAM Ave che paNa keTalAka prANAyAma evA che ke je sahaja ja thaI jAya che. (1) gheDe samaya pratyeka zvAsane
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________________ zrI yAgAnAna 741 moDhAthI kheMcavA ane nAkathI kADhavA (2) nAkathI kheMcavAnAkathI kADhavA. ( 3 ) mukhathI kheMcavA mukhathI kADhavA ( 4 ) nAkathI kheMcavA-meDhAthI kADhavA A cAreya prANAyAma hAlatAMcAlatAM, besatAM uThatAM, kAma karatAM-game te vakhate aheArAtra avicchinna karI zakAya che. ane eSTa jihvA halAvyA vinA AMtarika japa Ape|Apa thai jAya che. A prANAyAmathI hRdayaroga, nAsArAga, netra ane tridoSajanya doSo dUra thavA uparAMta nAmasmaraNanuM mahAphaLa tathA maMgaLa eva' mukti maLe che. padmAsana lagAvIne hAthanI khaMte aMgulIe kAnAmAM, ane tajanI AMkhA para, baMne madhyamA nAka para ane zeSa aMgulI mukha para ekatra lagAvI caMdrasvaramAM pUraka kare, yathAzakti kuMbhaka rAkhe ane sUryasvaramAM recaka kare teA cakrapravRti thavAthI pa'camahAbhUtAnA raMganA anubhava sAthe citta sthira thAya che. padmAsanapUrNAMka ane hAtha UMcA karI pUraka kare, kuMbhakanA samaye mastakane lagAvI khAlI Asana kare ane punaH padmAsanathI ja recaka kare teA jala para kamalanI mAphaka taratA rahevAnI mahAzakti pAdurbhAva pAme che ane aneka prakAranI vyAdhie zame che. sUryanADIthI pUraka karI, kuMbhaka rAkhI, caMdranADIthI recaka karI punaH punaH te ja kriyA karavAthI mastaka bahu majabUta ane nirAga bane che. ane kRmiroga tathA 84 prakAranA vAyu samUla naSTa thAya che. A prANAyAma zItakAlanA che. ane nAsikachidrothI 10 vAra zvAsa kheMcI agIAramI vakhata pUraka karI kuMbhaka kare ane punaH baMnethI cheDI de te baMne phephasAM majabUta bane. jIvana-zakti vadhI jAya che. nAbhipradezanA cAra cAra aMzula nIce-uparanA bhAgane aMdaranI bAju ( merukaDanI tarapha) prayatnapUrvaka kheMcavAthI uDDIyAna thAya che. A uDDIyAna rAja divasamAM cAra vakhata karavAthI prANu apAna samAna vyAna ane udAnavAyu tathA nAbhicakra zuddha banIne zarIragata saMpUrNa nADIe svastha rahe che. A kriyA (1) beThe beThe agara (2) dhUMTaNa para hAtha rAkhI UbhA UbhA agara (3) divAlanI madadathI, traNe prakAre thaI zake che. ane dareka prakAranI kriyA 100-100 vAra karavAthI 300 vAra thAya che. A kriyAthI yaMtranI mAphaka udarazuddhi sarasa thatI rahevAthI prAyaH save roga nAza thaI Ayu vRddhi pAme che. caMdrathI pUraka kuMbhaka kare, sUryathI choDe; pachI turtaja sUryathI pUraka-kuMbhaka karIne caMdrathI cheDe teA zarIranI saMpUrNa sUkSma nADI zuddha rahe che. baMne nAka baMdha karIne, hAThanI naLI khanAvI AgalA dAMtathI vAyu kheMcI pIe ane kuMbhaka karI cheDI de tA sa prakAranA javara-pittarAga, barALa, gALA, tillI ane kSudraroga nAza thai jAya che, garamImAM guNukAraka che. A kriyA ochAmAM ochI paMdara ane vadhumAM vadhu se divasa karavI uttama che. ane nAkachidro baMdha karI, jIbha bahAra kADhI, kAkaca'cunI mAphaka nALI jema banAvI
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha bahAranA vAyunuM AkaMTha pAna kare, ane kuMbhaka karI baMne nAthI ja cheDe te amaratva maLe che ane tene kaI paNa prakAranA viSanI asara thatI nathI. A kriyA paNa zitalI che. caMdra nADIthI zvAsane daza vAra kheMcI, agyAramI vakhate caMdrathI pUraka karI kuMlaka kare ane sUryasvaramAM recaka karI turtaja sUrya nADIthI dasavAra kheMcI agIAramI vakhata pUraka karI kuMbhaka kare ane caMdranADIthI recaka kare athavA sUryathI gharSaNa karI, pUraka karI kuMbhaka karI, caMdrathI recaka karIne turtaja punaH caMdrathI gharSaNa pUraka ane kuMbhaka karI sUryathI choDI de, A samazItoSNa kriyA bAre mAsa thaI zake che. -uttama che. keTalIka sUcanAo --gAbhyAsIone mATe sAvadhAnI arthe keTalAMka sUcana Avazyaka che te prati durlakSa na karavA vinaMtI che. jene kAnamAM, AMkhamAM tathA hadayanI nirbalatAthI chAtImAM pIDA thatI hoya teNe zIrSAsana karavuM nahi. jenAM nAka kaphathI haMmezA baMdha rahetAM hoya tene haMmezAM zIrSAsana tathA sarvAgAsana karatAM khUba sAvadhAna rahevuM joIe. jenI paMcendriya athavA meda bahu ja kamajora hoya tathA jenI baLa ghaNI vadhI gaI hoya teNe bhujaMgAsana, zalabhAsana tathA dhanurAsana karavAM na joIe. jene malabaddhatA-kabajIAta rahetI hoya teNe gamudrA tathA pazcimottAsana lAMbo vakhata karavAM nahi. sAdhAraNa hRdayanI nirbaLatAvALAoe uThThIyAna, nIlI tathA kalAbhAti karavA ISTa nathI. jenAM phephasAM nirbaLa hoya temaNe kapAlabhAti, bhastrikA tathA ujAyI-kuMbhaka karavAM nahi, paraMtu kevaLa pUraka-recaka ujajAyI karavAmAM harakata nathI. jene blaDa-presara (lehInuM dabANa) 150 thI adhika agara 100 thI nIce hoya temaNe kaI svAnubhavI-gAnubhavInI salAha yA dekharekha sivAya koI paNa egika kriyAmAM pravRtta thavuM hitAvaha nathI. cogakriyAnA abhyAsIoe A kriyAo karatA ja rahevuM ema nathI; vacce vacce baMdha paDe agara aMtara paDe tepaNa harakata nathI. gavidyA atiutkRSTa vighA-mahAvidyA che. ati prAcIna che. prAcIna mahAna AcAryo ane raSimuni sAdhakoe te sAdhI che. A ja paNa sAdhya che. A mahAvidyA zrImad gIzvara zrI buddhisAgarajI mahArAje vistArathI zrI egadIpaka graMthamAM khullI karI ApI che; temAM kaMIka mArgadarzana maLe te hetuthI A TUMka vivecana yathAmati meM lakhyuM che. svAnubhAvI mahApuruSe saMte temAM rahelI kSatio sudhArI mane sUcavaze te sudhArI laIza. 3 zAMti! zAMti !! zAMti ! ! !
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________________ jainadarzanamAM vijJAna kAntilAla mehanalAla pArekha vienA vizvavidyAlayanA manovijJAnanA adhyakSa prephesara ghubarTa rorezara kahe che ke mAnava zarIramAM niyamita rIte Azcaryajanaka kaMpana (VIBRATIONS) thAya che. A kaMpanane vega eTale maMda che ke sAdhAraNa rIte ApaNane tene anubhava thato nathI. saMbhava che ke anya pazupakSIone mAnava vighata kaMpana (Vibrations of Human Electricity) ne anubhava potAnA snAyuo para thata hoya. eka vaijJAnika kahe che ke madArInuM sarpa uparanuM sahana (Hypnotism ) svaranA davani (SOUND) thI nahi, paNa svaranA kaMpanane lIdhe che. saMgitanA ivanithI ravAnA e kaMpane pragaTe che je sarpanA varga samuha (Electro-Magnetic Field) para saMmehananI asara kare che. kUtarA vagere prANIo AvA kaMpanathI zatru ane mitrane taphAvata jANe che. AjanuM vijJAna kahe che ke manuSya zarIranA pratyeka bhAgamAMthI eka sekanDanA daza vAra (Ten cycles per second) nI gatie kaMpana thAya che. A gati (Speed) eka sarakhI rahetI nathI. vijJAna mAne che ke pratyeka manuSya eka reDiye prasaraNa yaMtra (Radio Transmitter and Receiver) che. manuSyanA bhAvamAM je pheraphAra thAya che tenI asara kaMpane upara paDe che. bhaya, krodha, IrSA, hiMsA vagere bhAvanA kaMpana judA judA hoya che. je cokkasa yaMtra dvArA jANI zakAya che. A kaMpanenA ivani(SOUNDS)mAM paNa judA judA bhAvo vakhate vadhaghaTa thAya che. bhaya samaye zarIranA kaMpanamAM je pheraphAra thAya che tethI vanapaza pitAne zikAra kaI dizAmAM che te jANI zake che. zikArIone anubhava che ke vanapazuo jyAre manuSyanI najIka Ave che tyAre temane eka prakAranI aMtaH preraNa thAya che. pro. rozire mAnava mastiSkamAMthI nIkaLatA vidhutapravAha (Brain Electricity ) sUkama nirIkSaNa yaMtrathI abhyAsa karI nakkI karyuM che ke mastiSkamAMthI AlphA kiraNo ane bITA kiraNe ( Alfa Rays & Beta Rays ) nIkaLe che tema cokkasa kaMpana (Vibrations) paNa nIkaLe che. prororezaranA A pragothI samajAyuM che ke videza jaIne rahenAra vyaktionA zarIrakaMpanane meLa, je anya bhUmi upara teo rahe che te bhUminA kaMpanI sAthe je nathI ( 81 )
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________________ ou zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha maLatA tA aneka zArirIka ane mAnasika vyAdhiothI A videzIe pIDAtA hAya che. jo peAtAnA zarIraka pana sAthe jyAM jaine pote nivAsa kare te sthAnanA kapananA meLa thAya tA A videzIone bIjI bhUmimAM paNa zArIrika ane mAnasika vikAsanA vega maLe che. judA judA sthAneAnI ane judI judI vyaktionI kaMpana gati judI judI hAya che. janmabhUminA kapana sAthe zarIranA kapanane saMbadha hAvAthI zArIrika ane mAnasika vikAsane te kaI rAte mhAyaka thai zake te jANavA mATe bhaugolika ane sAmAjika paristhitinA abhyAsa agatyanA che. AMdhI, vaTALa vagerenA saMbadha bhUminA kapana sAthe che. bhUkapa jaNAvanAruM yaMtra (Seismograph) A ati sUkSma kapanane pakaDI zake che. A sUkSma kapane mAnavI anubhavI zakatA nathI. Aje vijJAna svIkAre che ke sRSTinA pratyeka padArthamAMthI vidyuta nira Mtara vahe che. vidyutazaktinI be dhArAo che. eka jaNAtmaka athavA AkaSaNu (Negative ) vidyuta ane bIjI ghanAtmaka athavA vikaNu ( Positive) vidyuta kahevAya che. dareka padAtha mAMthI adhika yA echA pramANamAM A banne dhArA vahe che ane ekabIjA padArthoM para tathA vyakti para asara kare che. AjanA vijJAnanI sRSTi bhautika che tathA tenA sAdhanA adhUrA che. vijJAnanA yaMtro (Scientific Instruments) parimita iMdriyanu. vistRtikaraNa ( Extension of Senses) che. AjanI vaijJAnika buddhi sheja sUkSma che; paraMtu saMyamathI parimArjIta zuddha nathI, vicArakA jANe che ke sheja sUkSma evI azuddha buddhi adhUrA sAdhanothI bhautika kSetramAM prayAge kare te zuM pariNAma Ave ? prAcIna sAhityamAM jJAna vijJAnanA adbhuta saMketA bharyAM che jenI ApaNe upekSA karIe chIe te mRtabhASA saMskRtane abhyAsa pazcimanA vaijJAnika anivArya mAne che. ApaNA zAstragraMthanA anuvAdamAMthI preraNA prApta karI ghaNA vaijJAnikAe peAtAnu saMzAdhana vikasAvyuM che. keTalAka udAracarit prAzcAtya vidvAnAe mukta 'ke A RNa svIkAryuM che. jo cAgya sazodhana thAya te prAcIna zAstrAmAMthI arvAcIna vijJAnanA sanmArge vikAsa mATenA aneka khIjamatrA maLI raheze. mAtra manuSya nahi, pratyeka jIva-pratyeka padArtha alaga alaga reDhiyA prasaraNa yaMtra che. dareka padAnuM pAtAnuM alaga (Electro-Magnetic Field) che. jemAMthI vaNA ( Radiations ) satata bahAra phelAya che ane tenI asara anya jIvA tayA padArthoM para paDe che evI rIte sava jIvA tathA padArthAMmAMthI vahetI vaNAe eka bIjA para asara kare che. vizvanA parivartananuM rahasya vaNuAonA A AdAnapradAnamAM raheluM che. jIva ane pudgalanA sa yuta saMbaMdhathI saMsAra che. puThUgalanA saMcAgathI AtmAnuM rUpIpaNuM che. ApaNe je kaMi joie chIe, sAMbhaLIe chIe, vicArIe chIe te sarva
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________________ jainadarzanamAM vijJAna 745 jIva ane pudgalanuM saMyukata rUpa che. AtmA jyAre mekSa pAme che tyAre pudgala (Matter)thI mukata bane che. pudgalanA paramANuo eka bIjA sAthe maLIne judA judA skaMdhe banAve che. sUkSama kaMI daSTigocara nathI. sthala rakamAMthI keTalAka daSTigocara che, keTalAka viziSTa yaMtrocara che. A bhinna-bhinna vargaNAe jIva sAthe maLe che, jUnI keTalIka vikharAya che tethI jIvanA varga/samUha( Electro-Magnetic Field)mAM parivartana thAya che. AvA parivartananI bAhya-anya cha tathA padArtho paranI asara ane AMtara-jIvananA pitAnA bhAvamAM thatI asarenuM suMdara vaijJAnika vivecana jaina zAmAMthI maLe che. satya upara nirbhara AvuM surucipUrNa tatvanirUpaNa karavAnuM zreya jainadarzanane che. tatvanuM vaijJAnika tathA tarka pUrNa buddhigamya vivecana vicArakane jaina dharmanA rahyAsahyA sAhityamAMthI avazya maLaze. jene darzananA cha dravya, nava tatva tathA karmaprakRtionI yathAnurUpa zuddha yuktiyukta vyAkhyA AjanA vikasita gaNAtA vijJAnathIya abAdhita che. jene ApaNe "vicAra" kahIe chIe te zuM che? mAnasika vidyutamAMthI pratikSaNe taraMgo uThe che. vicAra eTale mAnasika vidyutane taraMga. vicArane rUpa, rasa, gaMdha, sparza che. ApaNe je padArthanuM ciMtana karIe chIe tenuM mAnasacitra bane che. je viziSTa jJAnIo A mAnasacitra joI zake che temane jenazAstra "mana:paryavajJAnI" kahe che. zAe gurune athavA pUjyane vaMdana karavAnuM ghaNuM mahatva darzAvyuM che. "lalitavistarA" mAM zrI haribhadrasUrie kahyuM che ke - varSa gati mUtA vandranA dharma pratye laI javA mATe mUlabhUta vaMdanA che. vaMdanAvidhimAM ziSya pitAnuM mastaka pUjyanA caraNe lagADe che. pUjya pitAne hAtha ziSyanA mastake mUke che. cakSu, hAtha tathA paganA AMgaLA vagere aMge vidyuta kaMpanamAM mukhya (Transmitters) che, jyAMthI vizeSa prakAre vidyuta vahe che. mAnasika vighatamAM ghanAtmaka (Positive) ane RNAtmaka (Negative ) nA sUma bhede che. jenA niyama anusAra vargaNAonuM AdAnapradAna thAya che. pUjyanI vargaNAo (Radiations) ziSyanI vargaNAone vizuddha kare che. ahiM saMtapuruSanA samAgamanuM zAstroe darzAveluM mahatva samajAze. sAdhu saMtone saMga phUlanI sugaMdha jevo che. je vAtAvaraNane vinA prayane suvAsita kare che. sAdhusaMtono saMparka sajajana ke durjana sarvane kalyANakArI che. puNya puruSanA zarIramAMthI satata vaheto vizuddha vargaNAone pUMja pratyeka jIvanA varga
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrari-smAraka-praya samUha (Electro-Magnetic Field) mAM zubha asara kare che. jaDa upara thatI asare paNa sUkSama vicArakane tarata samajAze. zAstrIe pUjyanI AzAtanAnA bhayaMkara pariNAme varNavyA che. AzAtanA=jJAna, darzanAdine apavaMsa-jJAna, darzana, cAritrane sahAyaka kaMpana Vibrations ne kavaMsa karanAra eTale AzAtanA. vidyutanA AMcakA (Electric Shock)thI vizeSa prANaghAtaka AzAtanA che. pUjya puruSone te avinayI pratye paNa agAdha dayA heya che. jema vidyutane vairabhAva ke kepa nathI tema sAdhusaMtene vairabhAva ke kopa nathI. vidyutanA niyamano bhaMga karanArane vidyuta ghAtaka che tema ahiM paNa sUkSma vidyuta-karmanA niyame kArya kare che ane AzAtanA karanArane ghAtaka thAya che. AjanuM vijJAna jene kaMpana (Vibrations ) kahe che te jaina daSTie varNavelI aneka sthala ane sUkSama vargaNAonuM ati sthala (gross ) pariNAma che, vargaNAonA AdAnapradAnathI jIvanI bhAvazakti uparanI asare, jIva tathA jagatanuM parivartana ane jIva yulda 2427124 ato (Relation between Microcosm and Macrocosm )' vivecana ahiM asthAne che. karmanuM svarUpa chevatva sAthe saMbaMdha, prakRti, sthiti, rasa ane pradeza baMdhanI vividhatA tathA sattA, udaya, udIraNa, saMkrama vagere pAribhASika zabda pAchaLa rahelA vaijJAnika saMkete mahAmUlyavAna che. AjanuM vaijJAnika saMzodhana (Science Research ) veravikhera jJAnanA aMze bhegA kare che. jyAre jainadarzana pAse samagratA (Totality)ne jovAnI "daSTi" che. karmaprakRtionuM, tenI asaranuM, parivartananuM vistRta varNana Atmazakti pheravavA (To release Energy of SOUL ) mATe agatyanuM che. pro. AITAIne sApekSavAdanA siddhAMta (Principle of Relativity)nI zodha karI ane aNuyuga ( Nuclear Age)nuM prabhAta ughaDayuM. tyAra pachI padArthavijJAna (Physics)mAM je navuM saMzodhana thayuM tenA pariNAme aNu ATOMmAM rahelI virATa zakti prApta thaI. eTama bomba zelA te pahelAM koNa mAnI zake ke aNunA hArdamAM AvI pracaMDa zakti bharelI che! ane AjanA jaDavAdanA yugamAM keNu mAnI zake ke AtmAmAM paNa pracaMDazakti bharelI che ! vijJAnikoe prayogazALAmAM varSonA parizramane aMte aNuzakti prApta karI che. ahiM bhAratamAM pUrve mahAna AtmavaijJAnike thayA che jemane savaprayane mAnavadeharUpI prayogazALA ( Human Laboratory ) mAM mAnava-mastiSkanA sAdhanathI Atmazakti (Energy of SOUL) pragaTAvI che. pratyeka mAnavI Atmazakti pragaTAvI zake te mATe mArga (Process) darzAvyuM che. prAcIna bhAratamAM zrI jinezvaree Atmazakti pheravavA (Release of soUL
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________________ jainadarzanamAM vijJAna Energy)ne vaijJAnika prayoga (Scientific Experiment ) prathama pitAnA upara karyo hatuM ane lokakalyANanI bhAvanAthI A mArga prakA hato. jema aNumAM suSupta zaktio rahelI che, tema chavamAM AtmatvanI anaMta zaktio kaI rIte rahelI che? kAzmaNa vargaNAothI baddha Atmapradezane zI rIte vizuddha banAvavA? aNunA vizleTa mATe vaparAtA ( Cyclotron ) yaMtranI jema kArmaNavargaNanA vizleTa mATe dhyAnAgninuM mahatva zuM che?-A ane AvA praznone pratyuttara AtmajJAnikanI svAnubhava nedhanuM-zAnuM-sUkama avagAhana karanArane avazya jaDaze. paramANu, anaMtANuka kaMdha, mahAvargaNA paisAsika baMdha, avadhi, mana:paryava vagere jJAna, vaiyi, AhAraka, tejasa, kArmaNa, zarIre vezyA, gatitatva, sthiti tava, agurulaghu, trasanADI, kevalisamuddaghAta Adi jainadarzananA aneka pAribhASika saMketonuM sUkSma adhyayana $2417 Gazulaya autorali ang Caglia (Nuclear Physics ), usizi Gazud ( Physics ), rasAyaNa (Chemistry , atIndriya mAnasazAstra (Para-Psychology ), mAnava deha vijJAna (Human Anatomy ), ma lamadel ( Psycho-analysis Psychiatry ), art. Cartial ( Cosmology ), leia ( Mathematics ), yiglailla ( Biology Microbiology ), un Cagalau (Bio-Electro-Magnatism ), 481044 Bal Gigillat (Supursonics Ultrasonics) vagere judA judA vijJAne mATe ati upayegI bIja mane spaSTapaNe dekhAze.
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________________ saMDerakanAM pethaDa zAha munirAja zrI vizALavijayajI mahArAja-vallabhIpura cANasmA (gujarAta)thI pAMca gAu dUra raNaja nAmanuM gAma AveluM che. raNujamAM zrI ajitanAtha bhagavAnanuM bhavya jinamaMdira che. temanI bAjumAM zrI zAMtinAtha bhagavaMta birAjamAna che. upAzraya be che. zrAvakanAM ghare pAMtrIza cheH paMdara ghara vizAzrImALInAM, paMdara ghara dazAzrImALInAM ane pAMca ghara bhAvasAranAM che. raNujathI be mAIla dUra "saDeraka nAmanuM gAma che. " saMrakapUrve prAcIna ane samRddhizALI nagara hatuM. kALanA prabhAvathI atyAre zrAvakanA mAtra cha ja ghara che. cArathI pAMca ghare vyApArArthe paradeza vase che. zrI AdIzvara bhagavaMtanuM suMdara jinamaMdira che ane bAjumAM ja eka nAne gabhAre karIne temAM zrIcaMdraprabhujInI pratimA birAjamAna karavAmAM Avela che. vi. saM. 1lpa8 nA jeTha suda 6nA roja zrI caMdraprabhujInI pratiSThA karavAmAM AvI hatI. zrI AdIzvara bhagavaMtanA maMdirano jIrNoddhAra karIne tene bhavya ane AkarSaka banAvavAmAM Avela che. pahelAM te gharaderAsara jevuM hatuM. mULanAyaka paramAtmAnI pratimA prAcIna, bhavya ane cittAkarSaka che. pratiSThA samaye vIza ghara vizAzrImALI jainenAM ane sAta ghara bhAvasAra jainenAM hatA. zrI caMdraprabhujInI mUrti kaI yatijI mahArAja zaMkhalapurathI ahIM lAvela, e prabhu ane kUvAnA upara derAsara baMdhAvIne besADavAmAM Avela che. te zrI caMdraprabhujInI gAdInI nIce, nIce pramANe lekha che. da0 saM0 1332 mAgha sudi 15 zukre hArijayagacchIya / "vastupAlanuM vidyAmaMDaLa ane bIjA lekhe " nAmaka pustakanA lekhaka zrI bhegIlAla sAMDesarA pR. 78 para jaNAve che ke-"zrI mahAvIrasvAmInI murti nIce saM. 1332 nA mAgha zuda 15 hArijayagara chIya" A pramANe eka zilAlekha katarelo che. paraMtu vAstavika rIte te lekha zrI mahAvIrasvAmInI mUrtinI nIce nahIM, paraMtu meM upara jaNAvyuM tema zrI caMdraprabhunI gAdInI nIce kotarele che. vaLI " saMDeraka nuM A jinamaMdira mahAvIrasavAmInuM jaNAvyuM tema nathI, paraMtu A jinamaMdira zrI AdinAthanuM che. tene mATe juo * jaina tIrtha sarvasaMgraha" bhAga 1 le, khaMDa 1 le, pRSTha 16pa-166. mAMDavagaDhanA maMtrIzvara pethaDa zAha jevA ja dharmakArya karanAra ane dAnavIra temaja dharma vira bIjA pethaDa zAha A "saMDeraka" nA vatanI hatA. temaNe kADhelA zrI zatruMjaya, gira (10).
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________________ saDarakanAM pethaDazAhu 749 nAranA bhavya saMghamAM sAthe gayela kei munirAje temanA dharma kAryonI anumAdanA mATe " pethaDarAsa " nAmanA graMtha racyA che. A rAsa vaDAdarAnI senTrala lAibrerI taraphathI prakAzita thayela che, ane tenuM sapAdana zrI cImanalAla dalAle karela che. prAcIna gUrjara kAvyasaMgraha bhAga 1 lAnA cheDe dazamA pariziSTa tarIke A rAsa apUrNa pragaDha thayela hAvAthI rAsakartAnuM nAma ane racanA saMvat vigere hakIkata upalabdha thaI zakatA nathI. vizeSa mAhitI mATe juo '* aqhuda prAcIna jaina lekhasa Mdeha ' ( ANu bhAga bIjo ) pR. 456 pethaDa zAhanA vardezamAM thayelA zAhu parvate paNa jJAnabha`DAra lakhAvatAM vi. saM. 1571 mAM zrInizIthaNunI prati lakhAvI che. taduparAMta te ja varSamAM zrI anuyAgaDhArasUtra vRtti ane zrI odhaniyuktino prata lakhAvI hatI tenI nIce pethaDa zAhanA vaMzanI vistRta prazasti ApavAmAM AvI che. A prazasti " purAtattva " traimAsika, varSa 13, aMka 1 le, pR. 61-62 " eka aitihAsika jaina prazasti " e zIrSakathI itihAsatattvavettA AgamaprabhAkara munirAja zrI punyavijayajI mahArAje prasiddha karAvI che. zrI Adyaniyukita temaja zrI anuceAgadvAra sUtranI vRttinI prazasti "zrI prazasti-saMgraha" bhAga bIjo, pRSTha 72 tathA 76 para ApavAmAM AvI che. A prazastisaMgrahanA saMpAdaka che zrI amRtalAla maganalAla. zrI anucegaDhArasUtranI vRtti 5. zrI pratApavijayajI jJAnabhaMDAra-luvAranI peALa-amadAvAda ane zrI AdhaniyuktinI prata zrI jaina vidyAzALA jJAnabhaMDAra-amadAvAdamAM che. A ane bIjA sAdhanAdvArA jANavA maLe che ke-pethaDa zAhu te zeTha sumatinA putra AnA putra ASaDanA putra vamAnanA putra caMdrasiMhanA putra hatA. pethaDazAha "sa"Derakapura"nA rahevAsI hatA. temanI jJAti pAravADa hatI temaja temane ( 1 ) narasiMha, (ra) ratnasiMha (3) ceAthamala, (4) muMjAla (5) vikramasiMha ane (6) dhaNu nAmanA cha laghu badhu hatA. A pethaDa zAhe karelAM aneka dhama kRtyamAM mukhya mukhya nIce pramANe che-- sa'DerakapuramAM bhavya jinama Mdira baMdhAvyuM. vIjApura (uttara gujarAta )mAM dhAtunI pratimA ane suvarNanA tAraNa yukata maneAhara janamadira karAvyuM, peAtAnA gRhamaMdira mATe zrI mahAvIrasvAmInI maneAhara mUrti banAvarAvI, pAchaLathI te ja mUrti vi. sa. 1360 mAM peAtAnA ja gAmanA meATA jinamaMdiramAM padharAvI. te samaye gujarAtanA mahArAjA kaNu deva ( karaNa ghelA ) nAnI ummaranA hatA. zrI zatruMjaya, zrI giranAra, Adi tIrthAMnA saMgha kADhI saMghapati thaI ne cha vakhata yAtrA karI hatI. vi. sa'. 1377 nA bhayaMkara duSkALa ( trigkALIyA-traNa varSanA uparAupara paDela duSkALa) mAM anna tathA vastrAdikanu dAna karyuM hatuM. zrI anuyAgadvArasUtranI vRtti temaja zrI niyuktisUtranI vRtti prazastimAM triduSkALa saMbaMdhI ullekha nathI, parantu zrI nizIthacUNInI prazastimAM lakhela che ---- aSTaSaSThAdi varSa tritayamanu mahAbhISaNe saMpravRtte durbhikSe lokalakSakSaya kRtinitarAM kalpakAlopamAne -- jue zrI jaina zvetAMbara kAnpharansa herAlDa, pu. 9, aMka 8-9 -
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha zrI satyasUri mahArAjanA upadezathI cAra jJAnabha'DArA karAvyA. AbU upara bhImAzAhe peAtAnA jinamaMdira mATe taiyAra karAvavA mAMDela zrI AdIzvara bhagavaMtanI dhAtumaya mATI mUrti adhUrI rahI javAthI pethaDa zAhe pate te mUrtinI sAMdhA vagere suvarNathI dRDha karAvI hatI. temaja ghaNuM drazya kharcIne " lUNugavasaRs" nA maMdiranA jIrNorddhAra karAvyeA hatA. pratiSThAsamaye pote mATe saMgha kADhIne AN AvyA hatA. temane potAnA nAmanI-yaza & kIrtinI paravA na hatI. temaNe jINu thayelA dareka bhAgo samAvyA hatA, derAsara temaja derIonA sthaMbha vagerenuM samArakAma karAvyu' tathA 'dareka pratimAone pAte pratiSThita karI. A pramANe ghaNuM dravya kharacyuM. chatAM apavAda tarIke eka e sthaLe ja peAtAnuM nAma lekhamAM lakhAvavA sivAya koipaNa sthaLe ullekha karavA dIdhA na hatA. A uparathI jaNAya che ke pethaDa zAhane yaza-kIrti ke nAmanA karatAM paNu AtmAnuM zreya karavAnI bhAvanA savizeSa hatI, " lUNugavasahI " nA derAsaramAM nava cAkInA agnikhUNA taraphanA chellA sthaMbhamAM nIce pramANe eka leAka kAtarelA mAlUma paDe che. AcandrArka nandatAdeSa saMghAdhIzaH zrImAn pethaDa H saMghayukta: / jIrNodvAraM vastupAlasya caitye tene yenehA'rbudAdrau svasArai // 1 // -- jue zrI aqhuMda prAcIna jaina lekhasa`dAha ( Akhu bhA. 2) lekhAMka 382 uparanA lekhanA bhAvArtha e che ke--saMghapati pethaDa saMdha sahita yAvacca'dradivAkaro jIti-amara raheA, jeNe peAtAnA dravyavaDe AbU parvata para zrI vastupAlanA A jinacaityanA jaNe ddhAra karAvyeA. je khIjo lekha che te A pramANe che~~ tIrthadvaye'pi bhagne'smin daivAnmaleM haiH pracakratuH / asyoddhAraM dvau zakAkhye vahnivedArka samite 1243 tatrAdyatIrthasya uddharttA lalloM mahaNasiMhabhUH pIthaDastvirasyAbhUd vyavahRccaMdrasiMhabhUH / - vividha tIrthaMkapa, abu dAdrikalpa:, zlAka 48-49 mAMDherA karatAM paNa saDera gAma prAcIna che, kAraNa ke saDaeNranuM maMdira zrI mahAvIra svAmInu hatu, A jinamaMdira mATe ArkIyAlAjIkala sarve Apha inDIyAnA saMzodhakonu maMtavya vajanadAra gaNIe te " sara " gAmanA samaya mAMDhA karatAM ya prAcIna gaNI zakAya. " saDera " viSe bAramI zatAbdinA eka lekha maLI Avye che. jo ke atyAre " sa Dera " na!nuM gAma thaI gayu che. paNa pUrve te vizALa nagara heAvu joIe, siddharAja jayasiMhanA pitA karNadeva sAlakInu' vi. sa. 1148 nI sAlanuM tAmrapatra sUNuka gAmamAMthI maLI AvyuM che. sUNukanuM taLAva cAlu rAkhavA mATe pAsenI DAbhI gAmanI keTalIka jamIna dAnamAM apAyAnuM temAM jaNAvavAmAM Avela che. dAnamAM apAyela jamInanA khUTa vigere lakhatA e tAmrapatramAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke-- Go
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________________ saMrakanAM thaDa zAha asyAzca bhUmeH pUrvasyAM dizi bhaTTArikA kSetraM / tathA braahmrudr| nehAM lAlAkSetraM c| dakSiNasyAM mahivarAma kSetraM / pazcimAyAM saMDeragrAmasImA / iti caturA ghATopalakSitAM bhUmi... sUNuMka gAma saDerathI traNa gAu IzAna khUNAmAM AveluM che. Aje saMDera ane sUNAka gAmanI sIma, uparyukta tAmrapatramAM jaNAvyuM che te pramANe ekabIjAne sparza karatI nathI. atyAre te vacce-vacce bIjAM nAnAM nAnAM gAme vaselAM che. "saMDeraka" nI AsapAsa-AjubAjumAM ghaNe dUra-dUra sudhI nA pAyA najare paDe che eTale te parathI paNa pUravAra thaI zake che ke-eka samaye "saDeraka"ne vistAra ghaNe vizALa haze. "vastupAlanuM vidyAmaMDaLa ane bIjAM lekha" nAmanA pustakamAM pR. 71 para ullekha che ke mahAmahopAdhyAya zrImAna vijayajI mahArAjazrInI preraNAthI zrI jJAnavimalasUrijIe vi. saM. 1749mAM A " sarakagAmamAM kiddhAra karI saMvegI pakSa svIkAryo hate. pethaDazAhanA putranuM nAma padya hatuM. tene putra lADaNa, tene putra mAhaNasiMha, tene putra maMDalika nAmane hate. A maMDalika ghaNo udAra hate. nyAyathI upArjana karela dravyathI teNe zrI giranAra temaja AbUnA jinAlaye jIrNoddhAra karAvyuM hatuM. aneka gAmamAM dharmazALAo baMdhAvI hatI. te rAjAne paNa mAnItuM hatuM ane vi. saM. 1468 mAM paDelA bhayaMkara duSkALa samaye teNe lokone maphata anAja ApyuM hatuM. vi. saM. 1477 mAM zrI zatruMjayanI yAtrA karI hatI. zrI jayAnaMdasUrijInA upadezathI pustaka lakhAvI, saMghapUjA vigere kRtya karyA hatA. maMDalikane vijita nAmane putra hatuM. tene parvata, DuMgara ane narmada ema traNa putra hatA. DuMgare pote taiyAra karAvela pratimAnI pratiSThA karAvIne vi. saM. 155mAM pratiSThA mahotsava karyo hate. vi. saM. 156mAM teNe zrI jIrAvalA tIrtha temaja zrI AbU vigerenA tIrthanI yAtrA karI hatI. gaMdhAra nagaranA dareka upAzrayamAM temaNe kalpasUtranI pratio arpaNa karI hatI. zrI vivekaratnasUrijInA upadezathI temaNe ethuM brahmacarya vrata rahaNa karyuM hatuM. A saMbaMdhI vizeSa mAhitI meLavanAra prazasti temaja pethaDarAsa, je gAyakavADa eriyenTala sIrIjhamAM chapAyela prAcIna gurjarakAvyanA pariziSTa tarIke chapAyela che te jove. A saMDeraka purANuM hevAnAM cihno jovAya che AsapAsanI bhUmi upara prAcIna zilAkRtio, keraNIbharyA paththare jyAM tyAM paDelA maLI Ave che. makAnI dIvAlamAM paNuM caNe lIdhelA evA para paNa kyAMya dekhAya che. makAnanA pAyA vagere dUra dUra sudhI najare paDe che. te vakhatamAM jenI paNa AbAdI hatI. juo saMvata 1353mAM vijApuramAM pUvada pethaDe lakhAvelI bhagavatIsUtranI prazastimAM ahinA maMdira viSe A prakAre 1-bAhULacaMda saMgha TrausaMda ro.
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________________ 752 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha sUcana karyuM che. " joDI jamAnAmagNomavArodhituM su | bAne 4 phiraja nArira vIra vaiSane breila: sa nopU.?" satkarma zIla makhU nAme zreNI saMDeraka gAmamAM gaye, jeNe A gAmanA vIra caityamAM pitAnA puNyarUpI velaDI para caDavA mATe maMDapa baMdhAvyuM. A mekha karyuM hatuM ? pethaDazAhanAM dAdA vardhamAna zAha tenAM bhAI hatA. juo e "prazasti" eTale mahAvIrasavAmInuM derAsara mekha zeThanAM vakhatanuM devuM joIe. A ulalekhathI 1353 pahelAM vIra paramAtmAnuM derAsara hatuM, e cokkasa thAya che. saM. 1571mAM zreSThI paravata ane kAnhAe lakhAvelI aneka pratiomAM temanA pUrvajonI vaMzAvalI ane temanAM sahUnI neMdha cetrIza kanI prazastimAM ApI che. te prazastine sAra lekhanI aMte ApIe chIe tyAthI joI levuM. ane viziSTa ghaTanAonI sAlavArI paNa temAM nedhI che, temAM ahiMnAM maMdira viSene ullekha paNa karyo che. prazastine sAra. (1) zrI vardhamAna svAmInAM maMdirathI alaMkRta saMDerapura (sAMDerA)mAM prAgavATa vaMzIya (poravADa) jJAtiya sumatizAhane yazasvI ane rAjamAnya AbhU nAmane putra hatA. tene putra zreNI AsaDa hatA. (2) AsaDane nyAyavAna, vinayI, ane sajajana mAnya meSa(mokSa)nAmane putra hatuM, ane meSa bhAI vardhamAna hato. tene caMDasiMha nAme sadAcArI putra hate. caMDasiMhane sAta putra hatA. temAM sahuthI moTe pethaDa hate. (3) piDane kamathI cha nAnA bhAI hatAM-narasiMha, ratnasiMha, caturthamala (cemila), muMjAla, vikramasiMha ane dharmaNa. (4) pethaDe aNahilapATaka patananI pAse Avela saMDerekamAM potAnA dhanavaDe pitAnI kuladevatA ane varasetai, nAmanAM kSetrapALathI vejAela athavA rakSita meTuM caitya-maMdira karAvyuM. (5) A zlekane Azaya samajAtuM nathI. (6) pethaDe vIjApuramAM svarNamaya pratimAlaMkRta temaja teraNathI yukta eka maMdira karAvyuM. (7) ane AbugirimAM mahAmAtya zrI vastupALakArita neminAthanA maMdirane apAra saMsAra samudramAM DubatA pitAnA AtmAnAM uddhAranI jema uddhAra karAvyuM. 1-mokha ke yazonAga, vAgdhana, prahlAdana aura jAlhaNa cAra putra the| cANDasiMha vAgdhana kA putra thaa| 2-pethaDa ke choTe bhAI ratnasiMha, narasiMha, caturthamalla, cAhar3a (dharmaNa), vikramasiMha, muMjAla isa kramase the| dekho prAgvATa itihAsa pR. 249-57 saMpA0 daulatasiMha lor3hA /
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________________ saDakanAM thaDa zAha (8) temaja pitAnA gotramAM (?) thaI gayela bhImazAhanI karAvatAM apUrNa rahelA pittalamaya AdhAtya-AdIzvaranI pratimAne varaNathI dara saMdIvALI' karI (1). ( 9-10-11) tathA carama jinavaranI-mahAvIranI manohara mUrtine taiyAra karAvI gharamaMdiramAM (paraNApe) sthApanA karI ane te mUrtine saMvat 1360 mAM ke jyAre laghuvaka mahArAjA karNadeva (karaNa ghela) rAjya calAvatA hatA te vakhate zubhavidhinA sAdhanamAM sAvadhAna pethaDe cha bhAionI sAthe mahotsavapUrvaka nagaranA moTA maMdiramAM zubha muharta sthApana karyA bAda siddhALamAM AdIzvarane ane giranAramAM neminAthane bheTI pitAnAM manuSyajanmane pavitra karyo. tadanaMtara bIjI vakhata saMghapati paNuM svIkArI saMghanI sAthe cha yAtrAo karI. (12) saMvata 1377nA duSkALa vakhate pIDAtAM aneka janene annAdikanA dAnathI sukhI kayAM. (13-14-15) eka vakhate dharmAtmA pethaDe guru pAse jinAgama zravaNane ghaNe lAbha jANI pitAne te saMbhaLAvavAM mATe gurune prArthanA karI. guru tene saMbhaLAvavA mATe pravRtta thayA tyAre teNe temAM AvatA vIra gIyamanA nAmanI kramazaH svarNarUpya nANAthI pUjA karI. te pUjAthI ekaThA thayela dravyavaDe zrI malayasUrinA vacanathI teNe cAra jJAna bhaMDAra lakhAvyAM. temaja navakSetramAM paNa anya dhanane vyaya karyo. (16) pethaDane putra pavA, tene lADaNa, lADaNane AhaNasiMha. ane tene mAMDalika nAmane putra hatA. (17) mAMDalike giranAra, AbU Adi tIrthomAM caityane uddhAra karAvyuM. tathA pitAnA nyApAjIta dhanathI aneka gAmamAM dharmazALAo karAvI. temaja te aneka rAjAone mAnIte hate. (18) vikrama saMvata 1460nA dukALa vakhate lekene annAdi ApI dukALane ekI sAthe jItI lIdho. noMdha:- A pratimAo pacadhAtumaya hoya che. paNa temAM svarNa bhAga vadhAre hovAthI svarNa maya kahevAya che. (1) A pratimAno uddhAra AbumAM karAvyo hoya. (2) dhanADhya gRhasthoe potAnA gharamAM pUjAne mATe rAkhela jinapratimA che. sAmagrI jayAM rahe tenuM nAma gharamaMdira gRhaprAsAda che. (3) A pratimAM sthApana vidhi sADoramAM saMbhave che.- nedha -(4) A duSkALa temaja te pachInA be varSanA duSkALanI sUcanA anya prazastimAM paNa vidyamAna che. agpvatrathamanuM aDhAmI saMghavate kSe jovADhakSayati fna1 zahArAsTa mAnaH " IyAdi juo, jaina konpharansa heroDa pR. 9 aMka 8-9 mAM zrImAna jinavijayajI saMpAdita tAsUtranA aMtamAM ulikhIta prazati.
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha (19) tathA saMvata 1477mAM zatrujaya AdI mahAtIrthInI yAtrA karI. (20) temaja jayAnaMdasUrinAM upadezathI pustakalekhana, saMghapUjA, Adi vividha dhama kRtyA teNe karyAM. 754 ( 21 ) mAMDalikanA vyavahAra vijIta nAmanA putra hatA. tene varamaNukAi nAme strI hatI. (22) tenI hastIrUpa mAnasamAM huMsa samAna paryaMta, DuMgara ane narmada nAmanAM traNa putra! hatAM. (23) temAM parvata saDusavIra (putra) tathA peiA (bhAryAM) Adi kuTuMbanI sAthe vaMzanI zAzA vadhAranAra hatA. (24) ane bIjo DuMgara jene maMgAdevI bhAryAM ane kAnhA nAmanA putra hatA te vazanI zAzA vadhAranAra hatA.3 (25) paMta-DuMgare (be bhAie e) pote taiyAra karAvela mUrtine pratiSThA (aMjana zalAkA ) karAvIne saMvata 1559mAM sthApanA maheAtsava karyAM. (26) saM. 1560mAM temaNe jIrAvallI ( jIrAvalA) pArzvanAtha, adbhUH, Adi tIrthAMnI yAtrA karI. ( 27-28 ) tadanaMtara gaMdhAra baMdaramAMo temaNe dareka zALAmAM-upAzrayamAM jhelapatra (?). yugaladinI sAthe kalpasUtranI pratie apaNu karI. temaja saMghanA satkAra karI nagaranivAsI vikajanAne rUpAnANAnI sAthe sAkaranAM paDikA apAvyA. (29) ityAdI sukRtA karyAM pachI AgamagacchIya zrI vivekaratnanAM upadezathI catu vrata ( brahmacaya ) pratye Adara karyAM. ( 1 ) gAMdhI, mAdI AdinI jema dhadhAthI rUDha thayela zabda hAvA joie. (2) saM. masjida chA vigita pautra thA nisanI strI maLAre thI ( 3 ) mALethI ta! putrI thI| patnI aa nAma jAtevI thA / saMpA0 - daulatasiMha lor3hA ( 4 ) pratimAmAM devatayAre paNa nimitte karAtAM vidhAnavizeSane aMjanazalAkA kahe che. ( 5 ) A gaMdhAra gAma, bharUca jIllAnA jaMbusara tAlukAmAM AveluM che. enI AsapAsanA pradezamAM e paNa eka tIrtha sthAna jevuM gaNAya che. upara varNavAmAM Avelu kAMvI tItha ane A tIya " kAMvI gadhAra " Ama sAthe joDakA rUpe ja kahevAya che. A gadhAra gAma te sattaramAM saikAnuM prAsaddha gagAra aMdara ja che jene ullekha hIrIaumAya, vinayaprati, vijJayayevamanAranda ane phrIvijJayasUrina. vigere graMthAmAM vAraMvAra Ave che. akabara bAdazAha taraphathI jyAre saMvata 1638nI sAlamAM hIravijayasUrine AgrA tarapha AvavAnuM Avyu` hatu` te vakhate e AcArya vaya Aja gAmamAM cAturmAsa rahelAM hatA.
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________________ aMDarakanAM pethaDa zAha (30-31) jina dharmamAM dara zraddhAvALA, pavitra cetaka ane vivekarane AcArya pada avavA mATe ughamavALA parvata ane kahe (kAkA bhatrIjA) matsavamAM bhinna bhinna thaLoethI Avela sAdharmikAne rezamI-vastrAdinA dAnapUrvaka temaja samasta sAdhu samudAyanAM sanmAnapUrvaka mahAna mahotsava karyo. (32-33) AgamagacchanAyaka zrI jyAnaMdasUrinA kramathI thayela zrI vivekaratnaprabhasUrInA upadezathI saMvata 1571mAM samasta Agama lakhAvatAM sukRlevI vyavahAra parvata-kAnhIe (nizIdhacUrNi pustaka lakhAvyuM che). saMvata 1906mAM hiravijayasUrizvaranA ziSyoe (lakhAvyu.) kanakavijaya, rAmavijaya, saMvata, 1735nAM azADha vadi 9 ne somavAre khaMbhAtamAM mAbeTha cekamAM khAravADAmAM ( A pustaka) lakhyuM che.
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________________ pUrva AdyagaNadhara zrI gautamasvAmIjInA aprasiddhaprAya pAMca pUrvabhA pU. tapasvI zrI dhasAgaragaNivara caraNeApAsaka muni abhayasAgara [cANasmA ( u. gu. ) nA zrI nitya-vinaya-jIvana-maNivijaya jainazAstra grahamAMnI hastalikhita pratanA AdhAre jagatamAM ajJAnamUDha prANIe vividha karmInA vipAkane anubhavatA janma-maraNanA cakramAM aTavAI rahelA che, temaja aihika padArthonI prApti-aprAptimAM nimittarUpe thaI paDatA khAhya padArtho upara rAgadveSanI bhAvanAthI bhAvita banI rahelA che, vAstavika rIte " pUrvasa Mcita karmonI zubhAzubhatA sAMsArika prANIe nI tamAma sAMsArika paristhiti mATe javAbadAra hoya che" A sanAtana satya paNa vivekacakSunI gerahAjarI ke maMdatAne lIdhe samajI na zakavAne lIdhe jagatanA prANIyA bAhya nimittone ja peAtAnI sAMsArika paristhitinA sarjaka mAnI tenA tarapha zubhAzubha adhyavasAyeA karI jANye-ajANye paNa peAtAnA bhAvI jIvanane svataH duHkhamaya banAvI de che. AvI paristhitimAM niSkAraNa karuNAnA bhaMDAra parameApakArI zAsrakAra bhagavata saMsArI jIvAne karmanI aTapaTI gU McA sahelAithI samajAI jAya, te hisAbe A janmamAM banatA tamAma banAvAnI sahetukatA darzAvanArI pUrvajanmAnI zRMkhalAddha rasapUrNa mAhitI jagatanA jIvAnI duHkhI dazAnuM sAcuM nidAna spaSTarIte jaNAvatA hAya che. vamAnakAle kaI paNa sAruM ke kheATu' nahi. AcaranArane paNu A janmamAM sukha ke duHkha anubhavavA paDatA joine ghaNIvAra zraddhAlu bhAvukA paNa mugdhatAne kAraNe saMzayAvattamAM paDI jai zraddhAne zithila banAvI detA heAya che. eTalA ja mATe dareka mahApuruSAnA jIvanamAM prajJAtIta rIte ApaNI samajazakti ane vicArazaktine paNa ghaDIbhara thaMbhAvI de tevA jhaDapI kramabaddha vikAsanA prasaMge| nihALI mAtra " e te mahApuruSa che ke hatA " ema kahI hAtha joDIne vAcika anumedanAmAM ja mahApuruSAnA caritranuM zravaNa sImita na thaI rahe te AzayathI zAstromAM pratyeka mahApuruSAnA pUrvajanmaprasaMgeA Aje paNa ApaNane yathAzakya rIte ghaNA upalabdha thAya che. A mujama zAsanapati zramaNabhagavAn zrI mahAvIradevaprabhunA AdyagaNadhara pU. zrI gautamasvAmIjI bhagavatanA jIvanamAM pacAza varSanI pAkI umare paNa cauda vidyAnA (91)
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________________ aprasiddhaprAya pAMca pUrvabhavA CRE pAragAmI mahAradhara vidvAna ane sarvajJapaNAnA aSama abhimAnavALI dazAmAM vattavA chatAM je jhaDapI AtmavikAsa thayA ane jagata AzcaryamAM garaka banI jAya te rIte prabhumahAvIra bhagavaMtanA caraNeAmAM sarvathA trividhe trividhe adbhuta AtmasamarpaNu karI zakyA vagere khAkhatA para kaMika prakAza pAtharI zake tevA teozrInA pAMca pUrvabhavAnI atyadbhuta aprasiddhaprAya vigata jainasAhityanA agAdha samudramAMthI " bina lojJAtina pADyA nare vAnI peTa" nI jema gurugamapUrvaka avagAhana karanArane sulabhya aneka zrUtaratnAmAMthI meLavIne mumukSuyAnA AtmahitArthe prasiddha karavAne suavasara devagurukRpAthI mane sAMpaDyo che ke jene huM' mArA aheAbhAgya mAnuM chuM. jaina AgamAnA abhyAsIne suvidita che ke--paMcamAMga zrI vyAkhyAprajJapti (zrI bhagavatIjI) sUtra ( bIjuM zataka, prathama uddezA)mAM zrI skaMda parivrAjakane vistRta adhikAra che, temAM AvatI vigatamAMthI cAlu lakhANane upayAgI mAhitI TUMkamAM nIce mujama che---- " zAsanapati zrI mahAvIraprabhu grAmAnugrAma vicaratA kayaMgalAnagarInI bahAra chatrapalAza caityamAM AvI sameAsare che, te avasare kayaMgalA nagarInI pAse rahelI zrAvastI nagarImAM gaI bhAlI parivrAjakanA ziSya aneka zAstrAnA jANakAra skuka parivrAjakAcAya peAtAnA matane pracAra kare che. ekadA piMgala nAmanA bha. mahAvIra prabhunA sAdhue cAra prazno pUchyA ke--(1) leAka sAMta che ke anaMta ? (2)jIva sAMta che ke anaMta ? (3) siddhi (meAkSa) sAMta che ke anaMta? (4) kyA maraNe maryAthI jIva (nA saMsAra) vadhe ke ghaTe ? " kaIMka A praznonA mane na pAmI zakavAthI javAba na ApI zamyA. piMgale phrI e traNavAra pUchyuM', paNa ska Mdaka cUpa rahyo. eTalAmAM leAkeAnA mukhethI sAMbhaLyuM ke kayaMgalAmAM bhagavAn mahAvIra Avela che, tee sarvajJa che, dareka praznonA khulAsA karavA samartha che" eTale skaMdaka paritrAjaka peAtAnA mananuM samAdhAna karavA jijJAsA ane saraLatAnA sumeLathI kayaMgalAnagarI tarapha cAlyeA. te vakhate parameApakArI prabhu mahAvIradeva pU. gautamasvAmIjIne kahe che ke "viRSi huM nocanA! puvasaMgaThya te, je mate? lUMTyuM nAma" (arthAt-prabhu kahe che ke he gautama! Aje tuM hamaNAM tArA pUjanmanA sabaMdhI-priyane joiza, kAne huM prabhu! tA kahe ke skaMdakane !) tyAra bAda pU. gautamasvAmIjI prabhumahAvIradevane AvI rahela ska'ka parivrAjakanA AtmAnI caiAgyatA vagere khAkhatanA vividha prazno pUchI caiAgya nirNaya karI pote sAme levA jAya che, ane svAgata praznadvArA sanmAnI tenA mana upara prabhunI sarvajJatAnI chApa pADavA tenA hRdayanI (cAra praznonA khulAsA meLavavA
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________________ 18 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha mATe tame AvyA che vagere) vAta jaNAvIne tenA aMtarane prabhu tarapha zraddhA-anurAgavALu banAve che. pachI tA prabhu pAsethI khulAsA meLavI, dIkSA laI, zrutajJAna bhaNI, ugra tapa tapI, anazanapUrvaka kALa karI khAramA devalAke devapaNe upaje vagere vAtanA ApaNe ahIM upayAga nathI, ahIM te eTaluM ja upayeAgI che ke prabhu mahAvIradeve pU. gautamasvAmIjIne skaMdaka parivrAjaka sAthene pUrvajanmanA saMbaMdha darzAvanAra je '"puvarNadya" zabda mULasUtramAM jaNAvyA che tenA ja AdhAre anumAnita thatA pU. gautamasvAmIjInA ane skaMdaka parivrAjakanA gata janmanA saMbaMdhane vyakta karanArA pAMca pUlavA ahIM saMkSepamAM jaNAvAya che. prathama bhavana jabUDhIpanA pUrvAMmahAvideha kSetramAM puSkalAvatI vijayanA brahmAvatta dezamAM zItAdA nadInA dakSiNa taTe vipAzAMtara nadvIkinAre brahmapura nAmanuM mATu' nagara hatu, tyAM brahma nAmanA rAjA hatA, tene brAhmI nAme rANI ane brahmadatta nAme rAjakumAra hatA, teja nagaramAM sakala vyavahArIAmAM zirAmaNu anala dhana saMpattinA svAmI maMgala nAme zrAvaka dharma parAyaNa zeTha rahetA hatA, tene sumaMgalA nAmanI zIlaguNu ane rUpaguNanA sumeLavALI strI hatI, teone maMgalAnaMda nAme suvinIta dhArmika putra hatA. te zeThe dharmazAstronA zravaNanA pratApe vadhu pApathI viramavA mATe nIce mujaba parigrahanuM pramANa niyata karela. " 10 kATi suvaNaeN nidhAnamAM, 10 koTi suvarNa vyApAramAM, 10 kATi suvarNa vyAje, 5 vahANa dariyAmAge, 500 gADAM sthalamAge, 10 hajAra poThIyA, 100 gharA, 100 vakhAze, 500 dukAnA, 20 hajAra gAyA, 10 hajAra bheMseA, 40 hajAra akarAMbakarIe, 10 hAthI, 100 gheADA, 300 gheADI, 500 dAsa-dAsIyA, ' A uparathI samajI zakAya che ke-ma MgalazeThanI zrImaMtAi ( kuberane paNa irSyA upajAve tevI ) kevI adbhuta haze ! Ama chatAM niraMtara dharmadhyAnamAM zeThe rakta rahetA hatA, khAre tenuM niraticAra pAlana, AThama-caudaza Adi 5ttinAe pauSadha Adi niyamitarUpe karI potAnA jIvanane dhanya banAvanAra te zeTha bhAgyazAlI hatA. te ja zeThanA makAnanI pAse sudharma ( subhadra ) nAmanA eka sAmAnya sthitine zrAvaka rahetA hatA. vivekabuddhisapanna magalazeDa peAtAnI zrImaMtAInI magarUrImAM masta na banatAM sAdharmikapaNAnA sAcA dharmasnehapUrvaka te sAmAnya sthitivALA sudharma zrAvaka sAthe pauSadha vagere dharmadhyAna yathAzakti karatA hatA, ane baMne jaNA vyAvahArika * huM. li. pratamAM A prabaMdhanA prAraMbhamAM paNa AvA ja bhAvAnA zabdo che-- t atha zrImahAvIrasvAminA, gautamasvAminaM pratyuktaM skaMdakastavapUrvasaMgatastatra kiMcit vivicyate / " !
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________________ aprasiddhaprAya pAMca pUrvabhava daSTie dhananI viSama dazAe vartavA chatAM dharmapremathI ekameka thaI apUrva rIte dharmanuM ArAdhana paraspara egya sahakAra sAdhI suMdara rIte karatA hatA. samaya jatAM maMgalazeThane pUrvakRta duSkarmanA vipAkathI regotpatti thaI, aneka upacAre karavA chatAM rega zAMta te na thaye, paNa roga viSama banI gaye, bhUkha baMdha thaI gaI, thoDe ghaNe levAte khorAkanuM ajIrNa thavA mAMDayuM ane tRSA vadhu lAgavA lAgI. A uparathI zeThe pitAnA AyuSyane aMta najIka jANI badhA kuTuMbIone bhegA karI pitAnA moTA putrane kuTuMbane bhAra soMpI, parigrahane vadhu saMkSipta karI, sarvathA yathAzakya sAMsArika kAryone choDI daI zIlapAlanapUrvaka cha mAsa vyatIta karyA. vaLI zarIramAM amuka viDyiA thatI joIne AyuSyanI samApti ati nikaTa jANI vidhipUrvaka anazana AdaryuM, kuTuMbIyo zeThanI bhAvanAne nirmala rIte TakAvavA vipula pramANamAM dharma mahotsava karavA lAgyA, cAra zaraNAMnavakAra maMtra Adi niraMtara saMbhaLAvavA lAgyA. A bAju unALAnI sakhta garamInA lIdhe zeThane atyu tRSA lAgI, paNa A meTo pite dhArmika AgevAna zrAvaka ane anazana karyA pachI pANI maMgAya kevI rIte? tethI muMjhAvA lAge, egya vivekanuM niyaMtraNa mana para na rahetAM ane te anAdikAlIna sahaja saMskArene vaza thaIne dudhyAnanA cakrAve caDhIne eTale sudhI vicAravA lAgyuM ke-A leke mane pANI pIvarAvaze nahi, huM te bahu taDaphaDuM chuM, paNa zuM thAya..dhanya che ! pANImAM rahenArA mAchalAMone ke jeone kadI paNa pANInI tarasanI viSama pIDA anubhavavI paDatI nathI Adi. chevaTe aMtakAla najIka hoI mRtyunI chellI ghaDIo upasthita thaI, paNa sugya nimitta na maLavAthI durgAnanI AlocanA karyA vinA maMgalazeTha " te vathAmatiH sApatiH" mujaba te ja zaheranI bahAra vahetI vipAzAMtara nAmanI moTI nadImAM batrIsa varSanI umaranI maMgalamacchA nAmanI mAchalInI kukSimAM maccha tarIke utpanna thayA. ahA zI karmonI vicitra gati? utkRSTapaNe zrAvakadharmanuM vipula zrImaMtAImAM paNa adabhuta rIte pAlana karanAra puNyAtmA ane bhaviSyamAM pU. zrI gautamasvAmIjI tarIke thanAra-mahApuruSa paNa karmonA vicitra jhapATAmAM kevI rIte aTavAI jAya che, te A prasaMga uparathI spaSTa samajAya che. dvitIya bhava- kame karIne maMgaLazeThane jIva matsya tarIke jamyA pachI bhavasulabha hiMsaka vRttine AdhIna banI nAnI mAchalIonI hiMsA karIne prANavRtti karavA lAgyo, ekatA naLiyA ane vaLiyA sivAyanA dareka AkAranA mo jagatamAM hoya che" evI zAstranI maryAdA hoI te ja nadImAM jaina sAdhunA AkAranA eka matsyane joIne te
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________________ 7 vAvA. zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha maMgalazeThanA jIvane UhApoha karatAM jAtismaraNa jJAna thayuM, pitAne gatabhava je, anahada pazcAttApa thaye, "nAnI kAMkarI ghaDAne jema phoDI de" tema pitAnI nAnakaDI mAnasika bhUlane pazcAttApa dvArA zuddha na karavAnA kAraNe AvI paDelI pitAnI vattamAna-kalIna hiMsaka vRttivALA bhava badala atyaMta duHkha thayuM. pachI gatabhavanA saMskArenA AdhAre punaH mAnasika rIte zrAvaka dharma svIkAryo, mAchalAM vagerenI hiMsA choDI prAsuka AhAranI gaveSaNa karI zarIra nirvAha karavA lAge. A bAju maMgalazeThanI pADozamAM rahenAra subhadra zrAvaka arthopArjana mATe bIjA vyApArIonA kAphalA sAthe vahANamAM besIne samudrayAtrAnA AzayathI vipAzAMtara nadImAMthI pasAra thayuM hatuM tyAM duSkarmanA pratApe bhayaMkara vAvAjhoDuM thatAM madharAte vahANa tUTI gayuM te ja vakhate maMgalazeThanA jIva maste pitAnA gatabhavanA sAdharmika mitra subhadrane joI sAdharmika vAtsalya karavAnA zubha AzayathI turta pANImAM DUbavAnI aNI upara AvI rahela subhadra zrAvakane pitAnI pITha para besADI kuzaLatApUrvaka kinAre pahoMcADI dIdhuM. bAda maMgalamaste nadI kinAre ekAMtamAM anazana karI cAre AhArane tyAga karyo. paMdara divasa sudhAtRSAnA parisahene barAbara sahI zubhadhyAnapUrvaka navakAramaMtranA smaraNa sAthe kAladharma pAmI saudharmadevalokanA pahelA pAthaDAnA AvalikA vimAnenI vacce zRMgATaka AkAranA trikoNa vimAnanA adhipatirUpe maMgalamasya upaje. tRtIya bhava devabhavamAM tenuM nAma tirmAlI ane devInuM nAma tirmatI hatuM. cAra patyepamanuM Ayu hatuM. upajyA pachI aneka devanA jayajayakAra sAthe upapAtazayAmAM batrIza varSanA yuvAna tarIke bahAra AvI hAII siddhAyatamAM pUjA vagerenI zAzvata AcAranI maryAdA sAcavIne pachI aneka prakAranA devatAI nATaka vagerenA sukhanA anubhavamAM tallIna thaI gaye. ekadA timalIdeve avadhijJAnathI pUrvabhava che, ane gata janmanA dharmamitra subhadrazrAvakane anazana karI samAdhipUrvaka kAladharma pAmI pitAnA ja vimAnanI najIkanA puSpAvakIrNa vimAnamAM deva tarIke upajela joye, eTale tarata jyotirmAlI deva dharmapremathI prerAIne tenI pAse gaye, ane paraspara mULa premathI bheTyA. gatabhavane dharma prema punaH tAje thaye, baMne jaNa vaLI dharmapremanI sAMkaLathI sAcA mitra banyA. naMdIzvaradvIpa, kuMDalIpa, rUcakadvIpa vagerenI yAtrA, tIrthakara bhagavate janmakalyANaka Adi mahesavo vageremAM sAthe ja javA lAgyA ane sudeva, suguru ane sudharmanI prazaMsA-anumodanA karatA pitAnA samyakatvane vadhu dIpAvavA lAgyA. te ekadA saudharmedranI mukhya idvANune eka sAmAnika deva upADIne bhAgI gayo,
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________________ aprasiddhamAya pAMca pUrvabha ane tamaskAyamAM pesI gaye. idramahArAje tene pakaDavA tenI pAchaLa javA mATe be hajAra devene hukama karyo temAM A baMne mitrone idrAjJAthI javuM paDyuM. cha mahine tyAMthI baMne mitro pAchA pharyA, paNa pAchA AvyA pachI subhadra zrAvakanA jIvanI mAnasika parikRti evI palaTAI gaI ke te potAnI devIne cheDI aparigrahItA ( vezyA jevI) devInA meDamAM phasAI gaye, tenI devIe pitAnA patinA mitra tirmAlIdeva mAraphata samajAvavA prayAsa karAvya, tirmAlIdeve paNa mULa hitazikSA daIne tene aparigRhItA devI( vezyA)gamananA vyasanamAMthI bacA, kAlakrame tirmAlIdeva pitAnA Ayune pUrNa karIne tyAMthI ca. caturtha bhava jaMbudvIpanA pUrva mahAvideha kSetranA puSkalAvatI vijayamAM vaitADhya parvata upara dakSiNa zreNInA vegavatIpuranA rAjA sugavidyAdharane tyAM tirmAlIdeva vegavAna nAme putrapaNe janme. pAMca dhAImAtAothI gya rIte lAlana-pAlana karAyela te rAjakumAra sarva kalAomAM pravINa thaI yuvAna vaye aneka vidyAdhara kanyAone paraNyA bAda kAlakrame cAlI AvatI vidyAone cha mahinA sudhI ayugra kaDakadinacaryA sAthe ghera jaMgalamAM sAdhI cha mahinA pachI gaurI, prajJapti devIo prasanna thaI varadAna ApyuM. kAlakrame vidyAdhara padavI pAmI yuvarAja tarIke sukha pUrvaka kAla vItAvavA lAge. A bAju subhadra zrAvakane jIva devalokamAMthI eNvI pazcima mahAvidehanA dhanavatI vijayanI taraMgiNInagarInA dhanadeva zeThanI strI dhanavatInI kukSie dhananI zreNinA svapnathI sUcita putrIpaNe janme. mAtApitAe dhanamAlA nAma sthApyuM, egya vaye aneka kalAemAM pravINa thaIne saMgIta ane vINAvAdanamAM ati pravINa thaI. eka samaye vegavAna vidyAdhara AkAzamArge jatAM te dhanamAlAne joIne tenA para Asakta thaI balAtkAre upADIne pitAnA ghare laI AvyuM. vegavAna tenA mohamAM aMdha bane che, tyAre dhIsakhA nAmanA pitAnA maMtrIe rAjaputrane samajAvyuM ke "vidyAdhare mATe e niyama che ane vaitADhya parvatanI bhIMta upara lekha paNa che ke-alAtyAre aNahatI kanyA sAthe saMbaMdha bAMdhanAra vidyAdharanI vidyAo nAza pAme che. " vagere tyArabAda be mahine svataH kanyA rAgavatI thaI, eTale dhAmadhUmathI vegavAne lagna karyA bAda rAjaputra svecchAnI pUrti thavAthI AnaMdamAM divase vitAvavA lAgyo. tenA pitAe egya samaye rAjya upara tene abhiSeka karyo ane pite dIkSA lIdhI eTale * mUla pratamAM ahIM cha mahinAnI vidyAsAdhanA mATenI kaDaka dinacaryA ane maMtrazAstrAnusArI vidhi vagerenuM suMdara varNana che, sthaLasaMkocathI te vigata ahIM nathI ApI.
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________________ 762 zrImat vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha vegavAna vidyAdharendra thayA, aneka rIte rAjyanuM pAlana karate sAMsArika sukhanA anubhavamAM magna thaI gaye. eka vakhata keI bIje vidyAdhara AkAzamArgethI pasAra thatAM dhanamAlA upara mAhita thaI vidyAnA balathI chala karI potAnA vimAnamAM besADIne laI gaye, pAchaLathI vegavAna vidyAdharendra khUba tapAsa karI, paNa patto na lAge, chevaTe dhIsakhA maMtrI mAraphata prajJapti vidyAbale tapAsa karAvatAM mAlUma paDayuM ke "te strI bIjA vidyAdharanI sAthe vyabhicAra deSathI haSita thaI gaI che, " A uparathI rAjAne saMsAranA svArthI prema prati khUba aruci thaI, barAbara te ja avasare gItArtha AcArya bhagavaMtanA padhAravAnI vadhAmaNI vanapAlake ApI. turata mahotsavapUrvaka gurumahArAja pAse gaye ane dezanA sAMbhaLI dhIsakhA maMtrInI sAthe pite dIkSA grahaNa karI. gurunizrAe utkRSTa bhAvavizuddhi sAthe saMyamanuM pAlana, viziSTa jJAnAbhyAsa ane ugratapa karavA mAMDyuM. A bAju dhanamAlAe paNa A sAMbhaLI pazcAttApathI dIkSA lIdhI. teNIe paNa duSkarma khapAvavA mATe pazcAttApapUrvaka pUba ugratapa karavA mAMDyuM. traNe jaNA anukrame Ayu pUruM thaye chate kAladharma pAmI devaloke gayA. pAMcame bhava vegavAna vidyAdharendra AThamA sahasAra devalokamAM vimAnAdhipati deva thaye, dhIsakhA maMtrI temane sAmAnika deva thaye, ane dhanamAlA paNa te ja devalokamAM deva tarIke thaI kAlakrame tyAMthI evI vegavAna vidyAdharendrane jIva jaMbudvIpanA bharatakSetramAM madhyakhaDe magadha deze gubbaragAme vasubhUti brAhmaNanI pRthvI nAmanI strInI kukSimAM utpanna thaye. kAlakrame jamyA pachI egya saMskAra karIne tenuM idrabhUti nAma thayuM. vidyAbhyAsa karI mahAdhuraMdhara vidvAna paMDita thaI agiyArase ziSyanA guru banI karmakAMDa karAvavA lAgyo. prabhu mahAvIra bhagavaMtanA pAvApurImAM prathama samavasaraNa veLAe kalpasUtrAdivarNitA rItie pratibadha pAmI, prabhu mahAvIradeva bhagavaMtanA AdyagaNadhara banyA. dhIsakhAmaMtrIne jIva devakathI cyavI A ja bharatanA madhyakhaMDe caMpaka gAmanA tilakazeThane tyAM zIlavatI strInI kukSithI putrapaNe janme, ane tenuM nAma piMgala thayuM. bha. mahAvIra deva paramAtmAnA samAgame zuddha zraddhAna daDha samyakatvadhArI banI anukrame saMyama svIkArI mahAsAdhu banyo. dhanamAlAne jIva devalokathI cyavI A ja bharatanA madhya khaMDe saMvara gAmamAM siddha nAmanA rAjAnI samRddhirANInI phakSithI putrapaNe thaye, ane tenuM skaMda nAma rAkhavAmAM AvyuM. yuvAvasthAe aneka rIte viSayasukha legavatA te rAjakumAre gabhAlI pari
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________________ aprasiddhamAya pAMca pUrvabhave vrAjakAcAryanA upadezathI pratibaMdha pAmI, saMsAra choDI, parivrAjaka dIkSA lIdhI ane kame karIne parivrAjakAcArya thayuM. te ja skaMda parivrAjakAcArya piMgala sAdhu dvArA pUchAela cAra prakAnA javAba na daI zakavAnA kAraNe prabhu mahAvIradeva pAse Ave che, tyAre bha. mahAvIra prabhu pU. zrI gautamasvAmIjIne AvI rahela skaMdaparivrAjakanI eLakhANa pUrvarAMti (pUrva janmanA saMbaMdhI) tarIke karAvI gya rIte tenA pratibaMdha mATenI pUrvabhUmikA zrI gautamasvAmIjI mAraphata taiyAra karAve che. A mujaba zrI bhagavatIsUtra ( dvitIya zataka prathama uddeze) mAM AvatA kaMdakamuninA adhikAramAM Avela judaghAti padanA AdhAre jaNAI AvatA pU. zrI gautamasvAmIjIne (pAMca) pUrvabhave gurusaMpradAyAdibaLe Aje je rIte ApaNane maLyA che, te vAstavamAM dharmaniSTha bhavyAtmAonA mAnasa upara kamanI viSamatA ane AtmAnI anaMta zaktionA abhuta sAmarthyane spaSTa rIte aMkti kare che. mumukSu AtmAonA hitArthe hastalikhita prata uparathI prathama ja vAra prasiddhimAM mukAtA A pUrva bhavenuM varNana vAMcI-vicArI mahApuruSonA jIvanamAMthI ApaNuM AMtarika vizuddhinA Adarzane tAjo banAvI AtmakalyANanI punita sAdhanAnA paMthe kalyANakAmI jI agrasara bane ane mArA A prayAsathI mArA jIvanamAM paNa tenI kalyANa sAdhanAnI kSamatAne punaH punaH AzaMsata prastuta lakhANamAM matimaMdatA AdithI kaMI azAstrIyatA thaI hoya te tenuM mithyA duSkata daI viramuM chuM.
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________________ AcArya devabha kareluM devadravyanA maulika bhedanuM varNana paM, kalyANavijyajI ma vasudevahiMDI" jevA prAcIna sAhityamAM devadravyane ullekha maLe che, paraMtu devadravyanA maulika bhede tathA upabhedenuM varNana nathI malatuM, mAtra eka "saMbodhaprakaraNamAM devadravyanA bhedanuM varNana maLe che, paNa "saMbodhaprakaraNa" kaMI maulika grantha nathI je ke Aje manAya che. saMbadhaprakaraNa lagabhaga caudamA sikAne eka phUTa saMdarbha che, enA saMdarbhaka keI aMcalagacchIya AcArya che ema enA bAhyAntaraMga svarUpathI siddha thAya che. bAramA saikAnA saMvegaraMgazAlA Adi keTalAka graMthamAM devadravyanA bhedanuM varNana maLe che. e ja sikAnA madhyabhAgamAM banela zrI kathAratnakoSa" mAM AcArya zrI devabha nIce pramANe devadravyanA bhedanuM nirUpaNa karyuM che. cehayadA tivihaM, pUyA 1 nimmalla 2 kAppiyaM 3 tattha / AyANamAi pUyA-davaM jiNadehaparibhogaM // 1 // jhavavA visthA-saMtiya = puLo viyA rAya ! taM nimmallaM vucca jiNagiha kammami uvaogaM // 2 // davaMtaranimmaviyaM nimmalaM pi hu vibhRmaNAIhiM / saMpuNajiNaMgasaMgi, Thavija NaNNattha taM mayA // 3 // riddhijua-sammaehiM, saDDehiM ahava appaNA ceva / jiNabhattI nimittaM, jaM cariyaM sacamuvaogi // 4 // artha-devadravya traNa prakAranuM hoya che pUjAdravya 1, nirmAlyadravya ra ane kalpita dravya 3 temAM pUjA dravya te "AdAna" Adi gaNAya che ane tethI upajatA dravya upaga jinadehane aMge thAya che eTale ke pUjAdravya kesara, caMdana, sugaMdha cUrNa, puSpAdi pratimAnA aMga upara caDhatA padArthonA kayamAM thAya che, vastrapUjA, AMgI vigere paNa aMgapUjAmAM ja gaNAya che, dhUpa, dIpa, akSata, phala, naivedya, jala e apUjA che eTale AmAM paNa pUjA dravyane kharca thaI zake che. Age caDhAvela akSata, phala, naivedya, vastrAdinA vecANathI upajatuM dravya "nirmAlya dravya " kahevAya che. nirmAlya dravya pUjAnA kAryamAM vaparAtuM nathI, bIjAM citya saMbaMdhI badhA kAmamAM vaparAya che, paNa nirmAlyA dravyane bhUSaNa AdinA rUpamAM parivartita karyuM hoya te te jinapratimAne paherAvI zakAya ( ra ).
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________________ AcArya devabhaThe kareluM devadravyanA mailika bhedanuM varNana che che. Ama nirmAlya dravyanA viSayamAM bhajanA che, kesara caMdanAdinA rUpamAM te jina aMge caDhAvI zakAtuM nathI paNa bhUSaNAdinA rUpamAM caDhAvI zakAya che. dhanADhya ane rAjamAnya zrAvakee athavA te cityanirmApaka zrAvake te jinabhaktithI amuka rakama cityanA nirvAha mATe "keSarUpe sthApI hoya te "kalpita" athavA "carita' dravya kahevAya che. kalpita dravya citya saMbadhI sarva kAmamAM upayegI thAya che. 1-4 "nippAiyammiya gihI, jiNabhavaNAimmi sattiaNurUvaM / ceiyadavaM sahAyareNa ciMteja vaDDeja // 5 // gAma-pura-khetta-suMkAiesukAreja rAyavayaNeNa / devadAyaM takAraNeNa jiNadavavuDviti // 6 // buDDiNIyassa dRDhaM, cehayadavahassa rakjaNujjuttaM / kaMpi hu jaNaM NirUvejja uvajjabhIraM aluddhaM ca // 7 // jaha taha parivao vihu kusaleNa imassa neva kAyaco / desAi dusthimAe aviannatto a bhAvaMmi // 8 // eyassa rakkhaNami, sakkhaMtiya rakkhio dhmmo| jo vi du gharSa, kanna pati 1/ artha-nija zaktine anusAre jinabhavanAdi taiyAra karAvIne gRhastha sarva prayatna vaDe devadravyanI cintA karavI ane jeTaluM citya dravya ekaThuM thayuM hoya tenI saMbhAla karavI ane tene vadhAravAnI kALajI rAkhavI, je zakya hoya te rAjAjJAvaDe gAma, nagara, kSetra-dANanI mAMDavI vigeremAM devadravyane lAge baMdhAva ke jethI devadravyanI vRddhi thAya, kaI paNa prakAre devadhananI vRddhi karIne tenI rakSAne mATe udyamavaMta ane makkama evA keI paNa puruSanI pasaMdagI kare. devadravyanI vyavasthA karanAra mANasa pApabhIru ane nirlobhI ho joIye. kuzala puruSe cityadravyane jema tema vyaya paNa karavuM joIe nahiM dezadazya-durbhikSa-rAjAviplavAdinA samayamAM anya strotothI Avaka baMdha thatAM citya dravya kharcane tenI vyavasthA karavI, devadravyanuM rakSaNa karatAM sAkSAt dharmanuM ja rakSaNa karyuM gaNAya. devadhananI rakSA samAna zrAvakane mATe bIjuM kaMI uttama guNasthAna zAstrakAre varNana karatA nathI. 5-8 sAdhAraNa dravya evaM ciya sAhAraNaM-davapi kareja tadacaraM na varaM / cehaya-biMbavaNa-saMgha-poggayAINi se visao // 10 //
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________________ bhImad vijayarAjendrasari-smAraka-graMtha kira ceiyassa davaM, kaje uvajujai jiNasseva / sAhAraNa davaM puNa, uvajujai sabaThANesu // 11 // tA imamavi kAyaI, vaDDeyavaM ca rakkhiyavaM ca / / anatto sailAme vayaNIyaM rAyamavi neva // 12 // maMge desAINaM kutitthiehiM samaM ca phalahami / dasaNakaje ya pare uNuNNAo rAyadavavao // 13 // artha-eja pramANe caityadravyathI juduM sAdhAraNa dravya paNa ekatra karavuM, vizeSatA eTalI ja che ke sAdhAraNa dravyane upaga jinacaitya, jinabiMba pUjA, saMghasahAyatA ItyAdi kAryomAM thAya che, cityadravya jina saMbaMdhI kAryomAM ja upayogI che, paNa sAdhAraNa dravya lAbhadAyaka sarva sthAnamAM vaparAya che. A sAdhAraNanI vizeSatA che mATe A(sAdhAraNa)paNa saMcaya kAra ane vRddhi karavI. anya strotothI lAbha thato rahe tyAM sudhI A nidhine paNa vyaya na ja kare, dezabhaMga jevA viSama samayamAM ke anyadarzanIo sAthenA jhagaDAmAM athavA te zAsanaprabhAvanAnA zreSTha kAryamAM sAdhAraNa dravyanA nidhine kharca karavAnI AjJA che. 10-13 vivaraNa - AcArya devabhadra devadravyane 3 bhAgamAM vaheMcI dIdhuM che. pUjA, nirmAlya ane kalpita. 1. pUjA dravya pUjA dravya-eTale "AdAna Adi, AvakanA sAdhana-ghara, hATa, kSetra, vADI Adi AvakanA sAdhano athavA hAnI mhoTI rakamanuM phaMDa arpaNa karI "AnI AvakamAMthI amuka prakAranI pUjA nimitte kharca kara " AvI zaratathI apAtuM dravya te pUjA dravya kahevAtuM, pUjA dravyane pUjA sivAya bIjA keI kAryamAM vyaya karatuM nathI. ra nirmAlya dravya- jinapratimAnI aMgapUjAmAM caDhatAM vastra, akSata, phala, naivedyAdi padArthonA vecANathI utpanna thatuM dravya te "nirmAlya dravya " kahevAtuM, ane pUjA sivAya bIjA jinacaitya saMbaMdhI sarva kAryomAM te vAparI zakAtuM hatuM, pUjAkAryamAM kevala AbhUSaNarUpe ja tene upayoga karI zakAtuM haze. 3. kalpita dravya kapita athavA carita dravya eTale ke I paNa vizeSatAnI zarata vinA cityanA nirvAha nimitte Apela dhana, A dhanane pUjAnA kAmamAM, pUjAkaraNa joDavAmAM ane caiityamAM kAma karanAra nekarene vetana ApavA AdimAM thatuM hatuM, paNa jyAM sudhI ukta kAmamAM
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________________ AcAya' devabhadre kareluM' devadravyanA mAlika bhedAnu varNana STO parabhArA kharce malI jatA tyAMsudhI A dravyanA vyaya karavAnI chUTa AchI rahetI kemake e ' nIvidhana 'eTale * rijharva phaMDa' gaNAtA hatA. cAlu kharcamAM vadhAro ane AvakamAM ghaTADA thatA tevA prasaMgeAmAM A nividhanamAMthI rakama upADAtI ane sagavaDa thatAM pAchI teTalI rakama temAM umerI devAtI hatI. mUnidhi tA vadhAravAnI ja vRtti rahetI hatI. duSkAlAdi ke rAjyaviplavAnA samayamAM vasati ujaDI jatI tyAre te rijhavakDAmAMthI caityasaMbandhI sarvakAryo tevA kuMDAnA dhanathI cAlu rahetAM, A vyavasthA te samayanI che ke je vakhate pUjAmAM jalAbhiSeka ane sugaMdhI vilepanA pagata hatAM. pUjA paripATamAM parivatanA-- vikramanA teramA saikAthI ApaNI jinapUjApaddhatimAM dhIme dhIme parivartana thavA mAMDayuM. pakhAla ane caMdana, kesara Adi sugaMdhI padArthonA vilepananI pravRttio vadhatI cAlI teramA saikAthI parivartana pAmatI ApaNI pUjApaddhati ? e selamA saikAnA utAramAM vartamAna rUpa dhAraNa karyuM, nitya pakhAla-vilepananI sAmAnya paramparA cAlu thai, nitya vilepane meAMghAM paDatAM tilakAnI ruDhi cAlI. prathama SaDaMga tilakA ane anta navAMga tilakA thayA. jalapUjA ane caMdanapUjA jyAMsudhI varSamAM amuka vAra ja thatI tyAMsudhI te| zrAvakA pote ja badhu karI letA hatA, paNa nityanI thatAM zrAvakAnI bhakti paNa esarI gai ane nhAnA mhoTA pratyeka jinamadiramAM vetanabhAgI pUjaka gAThavAyA. pariNAme prathama karatAM anekagaNA kharco madizamAM vadhyA jene paheAMcI vaLavA mATe uchAmaNIe bAlavAnA rivAje cAlyA. je deharAM mAtra bhaktinAM dhAmA hatAM te A rIte gRhasthAne mATe nirvAha-cintAnA viSaya thaI paDyAM che. AjanI paristhiti-- Aje pUrva samayamAM hatA tevA sthAyI kuMDA hAtA nathI. jyAM zrAvaka samudAya sArA pramANamAM hoya che tyAM te kaI harakata AvatI nathI, paNa jyAM vasati nhAnI che tyAMnA kharco calAvavA muzkela thaI paDyA che. janma, vivAhA, lagnA upara lAgA bAMdhIne ke keAinI pAchala dharmAMdu' kare temAM deharAnA bhAga rAkhIne je kaMI upaja thAya temAMthI deharAnA badhA kharce calAve che. AvA sthAneAmAM jaine zrAvakAne hitApadeza ApatAM sAdhu mahArAjo kahe 'bhAi ! kesara, caMdana, dhUpa, dIpaka ane geDInA pagAra teA sAdhAraNu khAtAmAMthI kharca maMDAvA joiye. zrAvake kahe " sAheba ame mAMDa mAMDa ATalu' lAgA ane phALAe laine calAvIye chIye. Ane Apa devadravya ke sAdhAraNa game te samajo. ' '
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________________ cha8 zrImad vijJArjAra-Aja-baMdha ApaNA tIrthonI Adhunika vyavasthA bhAratamAM Aje ApaNAM aneka tIrtho che. AmAM maheTA tIrtho karatAM hAnA tIrtho ghaNuM che. jeo mUlathI nahiM paNa vasatio vIkharI gayA pachI pAchala rahelAM deharAo tIrtharUpa banelAM che. AvA tIrthonI saMkhyA seMkaDonI che. A badhAnI vyavasthAprAyaH AsapAsanA gAmanA jaina saMghe athavA temanI nImelI kamiTIo kare che, keTalAMka sphoTA tIrthone vahIvaTa zeThazrI ANaMdajI kalyANajInI peDhI hastaka paNa cAle che. A badhAye tIrthomAM mukhya AMkaDe nekarenA kharcane hoya che. Avakane mArga yAtrikonI saMkhyA upara AdhAra rAkhe che. je je tIrthomAM yAtrika samudAya adhika pahoMce te te sthAnamAM Avaka sArI thAya che, jyAre jyAM yAtrike ochI saMkhyAmAM jatA hoya che tyAM Avaka ane apekSAkRta kharca paNa ocho hoya che, chatAM A badhe sthale AvakamAM mukhya AMkaDo devabhaMDArane hoya che ane te devadravya gaNAya che. AjanI sAmAnya mAnyatA pramANe A dravyamAMthI pUjepakaraNa kharIde, nekane pagAra Apa ItyAdi vAjabI gaNAtuM nathI eTale bhaMDAra khAtAmAM rakama vadhyA kare che ane bIjA khAtAomAM Avaka ochI ane kharca adhika hovAthI ghaNe ThekANe sAdhAraNa khAte nAme mAMDI devakI rakama upADAya che je bhAgye ja pAchI jamA thaI zake che. zuM A AMkha mIMcIne aMdhAruM karavA jevI vAta nathI ? mArgadarzana karAvavuM joIye upara jaNAvelI A AjanI paristhitimAM vyavasthA karanAra paDhio ane saMsthAene Avakane khADo pUravA mATe manasvIpaNe mArgo kADhavA paDe ane amArA tyAgI gItArthone te aMge TIkA TIpaNIo karavI paDe te karatAM gItArtha AcAryoe evA viSayamAM prathamathI ja zAstrAdhAre yogya mArga batAvavo joIe jethI vyavasthApakenI mUMjhavaNa ochI thAya ane kharA devadravyane durupayeAga na thAya. amArA zratadhara murabbIone mhArI prArthanA che ke Aja kAlanI ApaNI "devadravyanI vyavasthA " ghaNuM parimArjana mAMge che, ApaNI pracalita mAnyatAo have zA AdhAre ItihAsanI kaTIe caDhAvyA vinA cAlI zake tema nathI.
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________________ hiMdu dharma--rUDhi : jaina dRSTie ( eka kAvyane AdhAre ) saMpAdaka : pre. maMjulAla 2. majamudAra, ema. e; pIeca. DI. elaela.bI. vaDedarA pazcima hiMdustAna, ane khAsa karIne mAravADa, mevADa tathA gujarAtamAM brAhmaNIya samAja tathA jaina samAja parasparanA evA sarasa sumeLathI ane sadbhAvathI lagabhaga doDha hajAra varSathI rahetA AvyA che ke temanAmAM evu kAi vaimanasya ke vasavasA rahyo jANyAmAM nathI. gujarAte ahiMsAne apanAvelI che. jIvadayAne jIvananI zuddhi karanAra aMga tarIke svIkArelI che; ane tapasyA, bhakti tathA vairAgyane AtmazuddhinAM sAdhana tarIke upAsyAM che. tethI ja gujarAta pradhAnataH jJAnayukta evI bhaktinA mArgane vadhAve che. karma kAMDa tathA zuSka tattvajJAnane e bahu ALakhatuM nathI. AcAra-vicAranAM jALAM, e aMdhiyAra thaI gayelA dharmanAM mela che: e tenuM tattva nathI. jyAre kAi paNa dharmAMmAM, tenA upAsake viveka tathA jJAnathI vaMcita bane che, ane gatAnugati bAhya AcArane ja ' prathama dharma ' mAnIne, tene sAcavI rAkhavA prayatna kare che tyAre ja te rUDha thai gayelA AcAra, jJAnI leAkAne kaTAkSanA prahAra karavAnuM sAdhana anI jAya che. vicAra vagaranA AcAra upAsakamAM jatA lAve che. " mATe ja kavi narasiMha mahetAe kahyuM che ke kanA mama levA vicArI " : nahIM te " zuM thayuM snAna sevA ne pUjA thakI, zuM thayuM ghera rahI dAna dIdhe ? "-vagere. sAmAnya khetaranI jema, dharmanuM kSetra paNa nIMdAmaNu vagara cAkhkhu rahI zakatuM nathI. AcAradharmanAM pAkhaMDa khullAM pADavAmAM tA hiMdabharamAMthI satttA, munie ane kavioe bAkI rAkhI nathI. 66 nIce UtArelA kAvyakhaDamAM, brAhmaNa dharmIomAM keTalAka puNyapreraka ane puNyasAdhaka gaNAtA AcArAne jaina dRSTie eTale kada, mULa, patra, puSpa ane phaLamAM paNa jIvANuone jonArI dRSTie-kavie gaNAvyA che. ane jaina darzanathI bhinna eTale - mithyAmatavAdI 'nA rAjIDhA vyavahAramAM pavitra gaNAtAM gAyamAtA, zrI kRSNanI vihArabhUmi-evA vRndAvana sAthe saMkaLAyeleA tulasInA cheADa, ( jenAM puSpamAMthI madya ane che evA ) mahuDAnuM vRkSa, je divase puNya prApta karavA mATe upASaNa karavAmAM Ave che evu' ekAdazInu' pAvanakArI vrata, (jaina dRSTie vItarAga gaNavA jevA ) vAsudeva kRSNane ( 3 ) Ev
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka - pratha vaiSNavA je mAlyakALamAM geApIo sAthenI zRMgAralIlAne joDI detAM acakAtA nathI te viSNu avatArI kRSNa, ane smazAnavAsI avadhUta ziva e badhAnI leAkavyavahAramAM je jAtanI upAsanA thAya che te kevI upahAsayeAgya ane kevI citya khanI che te badhu A kAvyamAM matAvyuM che. 770 eka dharmanI sarasAi khIja dharma upara sthApavAnA prayatna paNa keTalIka vAra AvAM sAMpradAyika lakhANeAmAM saheje AvI jAya che. pUrvIzthAnanA gujarAtI vAtikamAM mahAbhArata rAmAyaNamAMnAM pAtrA ane prasa MgAnA asaMbhava, anaucitya tathA dharma virodha batAvavAnA jevA cAkhkhA prayatna che, tevA ja kaMika prayatna A kAvyamAM paNa joI zakAya che. keTalIkavAra AvAM sAMpradAyika jhanUnavALAM lakhANeAmAM vANInu tapa khaDita thayu' hAya che; paraMtu ApaNe sAhitya ane samAjanA abhyAsIoe tA evA rAgadveSathI para jaIne ja, AvuM sAhitya avaleAkavAnI jarUra che. udAharaNa tarIke, samAjamAM rUDha thayelA AcArarUpe, suvAsiNI nArI, snAnadvArA tathA vasradvArA je hamezAM dehazuddhi pALyA kare che te ja strI hAthe * hAthIdAMta " ( vastutaH te je hAthInu hADakuM ja che) nA cUDA dhAraNa kare che; chatAM tenAthI te apavitra duSita thatI manAtI nathI-evA leAkAcAra che. tethI, AcAranI mImAMsAmAM bahu UMDe UtaryA vagara, samyak ane sAragrAhI STithI tene avaleAkavAnI jarUra che. samAjazAstrI temaja tattvaciMtakane vicAra karatA banAve tevu' A avataraNamAM che. eneA ajJAta kavi tathA kAvya viSe vadhAre mAhitI maLI nathI. paraMtu eka pothImAMthI me' te UtArI lIdhI hatI eTalu' mane yAda Ave che. --saMpAdaka. mithyAtinA mata ( duhA ) mithyAmatinA mata juo, dharma kare viparIta; ekamanA thaI sAMbhaLeA, camatkAra--caritra. jeha te mAne tene, vipatataNeA nahi pAra; nAma kahu. have tehanAM, ceADAmAM vistAra. ( cApAI) gAya mAtA, tulasI nadI ne hari: ziva AgaLa phariyAda ja khAkhara mahuAnAM vana, mahAdu:khe te kare rudana. ekAdazI paNa AvI sAthe, Apa ApaNA du:khanI kare vAta; sahu kare saMbaMdha ApaNeA, prathama vAta gavarInI suNA karI; vaDa 1 2 3 4
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________________ hiMdu dharma-rUDhi : jaina daSTie "huM tiryaMca ajJAnI pazu, e mujane pariNAve kizuM? pati pitA navi jANuM brAta, avrata khAuM dina ne rAta. 5 pativrata mujathI kima paLe? ke murakha mujane svAmi kare ? puNya jANI paraNAve nIla, jima ajJAnaI dava bALe bhikSa. 6 sAruM suMthuM pite khAya, mA mAne tehane eThuM pAya; thoDI vAta meM mAharI kathI, mAharA duHkhane pAra ja nathI ! 7 -e kathA gavarIe kahI, tulazI balaI UbhI thaI "aDhAra bhAramAM huM vanaspati, muja AgaLa tuja kAma che rati. 8 tAhare bhoga saMbhoga ja maLe, bhega vinA muja svAmI kare; khaMDa-khaMDa karI mUke zAraDI, dhAga leI kare hAraDI. 9 aMga bAMdhe, aNagaLa jaLa nhAya, azuddha bhema mujane laI jAya; AbhaDacheTa Ave jaba nAra, mujane choDI na mUke gamAra ! 10 maDade mAla rati na rahe " kahI, mujane satI te laI sahI; Ima ghaNuM herAna ja thaI, te nAhAzI DheDavADe gaI. 11 tihAM eka nAga karaDe tehane, AkInaH khAkI beImAnuM jANe tulasI-vAta sahue suNI, nadI bolI tava AkuLa bhaNI. 12 nadI kahe: "muja tApI mAta, azuddha nahAvA Ave prabhAtaH pAMce Idriya baLe tAma : ajJAnInAM je je kAma. 13 dhaI mela ne lAge pAya, "sAruM karaje gaMgA mAya !" mAthAnA keza, asthi maDadAtaNAM, ANane nAkhe che ghaNA. 14 sAmevate regIyAne ghare (?), DubakAro detAM te mare ? Ima gamAra mujhane te kahe, mAruM duHkha te keNa sAMbhaLe? 15 evAM vacana suNI te vAra, kRNu kahAna kaheH " duHkha aparaMpAraH" mujhane "laMpaTa" kahe che cora , eNe govALiyAe carAvyA Dhera. 16 gopI-govALiyA kahe kara joDaH "bhalA nacAvyA zrI raNachoDa !" eka UghADuM kIrtana gAya, puruSa saghaLA khuzIArA thAya. 17 mujha nimitte rasoI kare, thALa bharIne AgaLa dhare dekhAve aMgUTha, ne vagADe ghaMTa, te laI jaIne khAya kulaMTha. 18
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________________ 772 zrImad vijaya rAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha zA mATe ? vanaspatinA vALe dATa: lAjiye vage|vaNInI dhajA khAMdhiye. 19 : muja janama kare ghaNI vArta kahetAM jAya; mAruM duHkha te kema AhAlAya ? muDadevarAve DAma ! " 20 IMDa duHkha ghaNAM ne rajanI trA kare duvArakA gAma, mahuDA AhyA mUkI * mArAM pAnanI patrAvali mArAM phUlanuM je dhRta cAmAsAmAM saMgraha kare, mAnaH " UThe pAtra kare salAmaH kare, mahu-pAne jamatAM kimatare 21 thAya, te pItAM te narake jAya ! kADAkADI kathuA mare. 22 tema. 23 bhare khAye cha zera. 24 tehanA gharamAM khAvA TaLyuM, jamavAne bhAjana nava javuM ! chedanabhedana sahue emaH UThI gayA sata khelI ekAdazIvrata sahukA kare, vanaspatie peTa ja AThe ddahADe khAye zera, vrata karIne lIMpaNu gu paNu dhAvA jAyaH eNI rIte ema khATI agiyAraza kare kheATA leAka kiSNupere * nirjalA ' khelI che sahI, kheATA mANasa te pALe Adare paNI pAMce jANu, te pALe tehane thAya tapathI tarike ghaNA saMsAra, e vAta teA che jehune jevI vItI sahI, Apa ApaNI sahu maLIne eka ja tAla, ziva ziva sAMbhaLIne ciMtave IsyuM, " agiyAraza thAya ! tare ? nahi; kalyANuM. 26 niradhAra. tevI kahI. 27 AgaLa kahevA bheALA sahu, e ( duhA ) hara hasIne bAlyA ghaNuM, meM AlekhyA che ehu; vAMkA lAkaDA jANIne, vAMkA kIdhA sAMbhaLo sahukA tumhe, zivanI sAcI vA; " je jeDavA te teDavA thaI, rahe te ApaNA prANu. liMga pUjAvuM tehane, vaLI cALAvuM rAkha; dADhI jaTA vadharAvIne, vaLI [ leALAnAtha kahe ] " mane, vagaDAvuM vaLI pArvatI zu' raMge ramI, sukhe gamAvuM vadharAvu tarazAla ( ? ) samaje kasyuM ? vaha. 29 30 kAkha. 31 gAla; kALa. "" 32 25 28
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________________ 772 hiMdu dharma-rUDhiH jaina daSTie mahAbhAratamAM bhAkhiyuM, jasa kula jati na hoya; tasa pUrvaja avagatiyA bhame, mukti na pahoMce keya. 33 je khAye nara rIMgaNAM, teNe khAdhuM mahA jhera; narake jAye nicce sahI, zivapurANe Ini pera. 34 gorasamAM khAye dila, mAMsa tulya tuM jANuM; kRNa yudhiSThirane kahe, Ima ItihAsa purANuM 35 mULA khAtA mAnavI, niro narake jAya; putra-mAMsa khAvA thakI, mULA adhika thAya! 36 eha prabhAsa purANamAM, bhAkhyA cheadhikAra; je mULA khAve nahi, svarge tasa avatAra. 37
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________________ jayantu jinendrAH // jaina dArzanika sAhitya ane sambandha parIkSA munirAjazrI bhuvanavijayAntevAsI munizrI jambUvijayajI jaina dArzanika sAhityamAM 34 tarIke gaNAtA dvArA tathA kavitvamAtag vagere graMthamAM avazvanA viSayamAM eka me pUrvapakSa tathA tenuM vistArathI khaMDana jevAmAM Ave che. pUrvapakSInuM kahevuM che ke "kaI paNa padArthane kaI paNa padArthanI sAthe kaI paNa prakArane saMbaMdhe yuktithI ghaTI zakatuM nathI. mATe azvadhu nAmane padArtha jagatamAM che ja nahi." dvArA tathA prajamaramave vigere graMthamAM pUrvapakSInA A kathananuM vistArathI khaMDana karIne sudha nAmanA padArthanI siddhi karavAmAM AvI che. 2 // pUrNapakSa pAratantryaM hi sambandhaH siddhe kA paratantratA ? tasmAt sarvasya bhAvasya vivo nAta tarataH | vagere bAvIsa kArikAo ane tenA vivecanane banelo che. AcAryapravara vAdI zrI devasUrijI ke jeo vAdIdevasUrinA nAmathI prasiddha che, temaNe zALAnAmAM A bAvIsa kArikAo tavAda dIki evA ullekhapUrvaka uddhata karI hovAthI ane pIrti e IjIrtinuM ja saMkSipta nAma levAthI A badhI kArikAo bauddhAcArya dhamakItinI ja che. dhamakIrtine sAta graMthe paikI pramANuvArtika, nyAyabindu ane vAdanyAya saMskRta bhASAmAM maLe che, jyAre pramANavinizcaya, hetabindu, saMbaMdha parIkSA ane sattAnAMtarasiddhi A cAra graMtha saMskRtamAM atyAre nathI maLatA, paNa tenAM ghaNAM ja varSo pUrve thayelAM TibeTana bhASAMtare maLe che. AmAM saMbaMdha parIkSAne ttara-thara AvRtti (Narthang edition ) mane bhAratamAMthI maLI che ane te AvRtti ( Derge edition) jApAnanI Tohoru University, Sendai,nAM pustakAlayamAMthI maLI che. tenI sAthe* 1. prameyakamalamArtaDamAM paNa A bAvIsa kArikAo uddata karelI che. tasvArthaplekavArtikamAM paNa (pR. 147-149) 1-19 kArikAo uddata karelI che. che. haisuranA Dr. H. R, R. SyengarnA saujanyathI A graMtha mane vAMcavA maLyo hate. 3. Dr Hidenori Kitagawa, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan-men A graMthanA phoTAo mane bheTa maLyA che. * isameM prayukta bhinna prakAra ke Type kI asuvidhA ke kAraNa yaha lekha apane sthAna para nahIM chapa sakA, isake liye maiM lekhakazrI se kSamA cAhatA huuN| saMpA-daulatasiMha lor3hA.
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________________ jaina dArzanika sAhitya ane sambandhaparIkSA meLavI jatAM chAtravAranA tathA mAtAjumAM uThThata karelI bAvIse kArikAe TibeTana bhASAMtara sAthe barAbara maLI rahe che. anuparIkSA mAtra 25 anuddha kArikAone banelo graMtha che. tenA upara dhamakIrtinI ja paNa vRtti che. ane tenA upara vinIta tathA rAMjAra racelI be TIkAo che. paraMtu A badhA graMtha saMskRta bhASAmAM naSTa thaI gayelA che, mAtra tenA TibeTana bhASAMtare ja maLe che. saMzodhake jANIne rAjI thaze ke sarvadharakSAnI 25 kArikAomAMthI 22 kArikAo jaina graMthamAM maLatI hovAthI e nAza pAmI gayelA graMthane mahadaMze punajIvana prApta thayuM che te ja rIte mikrAtinI vRttinA paNa moTA bhAgane jaina sAhityane AdhAre taiyAra karI zakAya tema che. A lekhamAM sAkSAnuM TibeTana bhASAMtara akSarazaH ane saMpUrNa ApavAmAM Avaze, chellI 23, 24 tathA 25 mI kArikA ke je haju saMskRtamAM maLI nathI tenuM TibeTana bhASAMtara paNa ApavAmAM Avaze, temaja caDhAtrA tathA pracavAmamartamAM sapanA viSayamAM je pUrvapakSa che te paNa ahIM saMpUrNa Avaze. 'ri -- - sUrta ghaDi -tu-ka-1 grA - lo ! R0-sadhArIkSA Ti----# 1parIkSAnA saM0-bhAratIyabhASAyAM saMmdhandhaparIkSApakaraNam / di-vo- tru - - tu-ce-| naM-moTApAyAM - vRrtaiDa 2-8-ce-1 | TaDajhanUpa zo-nuyu-Ftha-Dacha-stro , saM0-manjuzrIkumArabhUtAya nmH| ri-zana-var vo-1 : ni ! mur ra zana Tuvar ri- iyo TeFithara phUDo-po tha r jiyA Dage carsa gi-6 me 2 | saM - pAratavyaM hi sambandhaH siddhe kA paratantratA / tasmAt sarvasya bhAvasya sambandho nAsti tattvataH // 1 // 1. ahIM dieTale TibeTana bhASAMtara samajavuM ane taMtra eTale tenuM saMskRta samajavuM. 2. sarvaparIkSAnuM TibeTana bhASAMtara ahIM meM TibeTanA - maThamAM chapAyelI ( eDIzananI) pratimAMthI ApeluM che. 3. TibeTanI bhASAne bheTabhASA kahevAmAM Ave che.
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka graMtha Jis - Jidla de'G ji - ratar 'gyura | bel pa yai - dag - Jid-du med // 2 // rUpaSo hi sambandho dvitve sa ca kathaM bhavet / tasmAt prakRtibhinnAnAM sambandho nAsti tattvataH // 2 // Ti0-gthan bratos - pa nibrela - para yaha / medU na de 'di ji-ltara bratos / yod na'G kun-la rag-ma-las / dDos - po ji-ltara blatos - payin // 3 // parApekSA hi sambandhaH so'san kathamapekSate / saMzca sarvanirAzaMso bhAvaH kathamapekSate // 3 // saM0 776 Ti0 Gobo dres - pabrel0 yin du / depiyara ra banthi - dad pa / saM0 Ti0 - Jis ni brela - pazcig du yis / ci-ste bel na de daG gJas / brela - pa gaD yin thugU-pa med / de - bazin brela med zes - par bya // 4 // dvayorekAbhisambandhAt sambandho yadi taddvayoH / kaH sambandho'navasthA ca na sambandhamatistathA // 4 // saM0 1 Ti0 - dGos - po de Jis de las gazan / de dag thams - caDh bdag- Jid gnas / de bas raG dDos ma dres lo / de dag gs - pas 'tre - par byed // 5 // tau ca bhAvau tadanyazca sarve te svAtmani sthitAH / ityamizrAH svayaM bhAvAstAn mizrayati kalpanA // 5 // saM0 Ti0 - dUDhos - potha - dad rtogs-vyaDi phiyara / de yi rjes - su -'braG - ba yis / bya daG byed-pa-po yi chig / stra-ba-po dag sgodU - par-vyed // 6 // tAmeva cAnurundhAnaiH kriyAkArakavAcinaH / bhAvabhedapratItyarthaM saMyojyante'bhidhAyakAH // 6 // saM0 Ti0-thuM daG 'bras-bu'i 'brek - pa yaG / de gJis lhan- cig mignas-pas / gJis lagnas - pa ji-stara grub / gJis la mi gnas ji - itara brela // 7 // kAryakAraNabhAvo'pi tayora sahabhAvataH / prasidhyati kathaM dviSTho'dviSThe sambandhatA katham // 7 // bel pa med // 8 // Ti0 - rim las dGos-po cig lagnas / gAn la re-ba med - payin / de me - paryaG yod-paDi phiyara / gcig lagnas - pa krameNa bhAva ekatra varttamAno'nya nispRhaH / tadabhAve'pi tadbhAvAt sambandho naikavRttimAn // 8 // saM0 saM0 -
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________________ 777 saM0 jaina dArzanika sAhitya ane sambandhaparIkSA 777 Ti0-gazan-du'di ni 'dug-pa daG / ci-ste de jis gacig la ltos / ___ stos-pa phan-para-byed-para gyur / med na ji-stara phan-para-byed // 9 // saM0- yadyapekSya tayorekamanyatrAso pravartate / upakArI hyapekSyaH syAt kathaM copakarotyasan // 9 // Tika-ci-ste dona cig 'brel-paDi piyar / de Jis yu 'brasa jid yin na / jis-mid la sogs 'brel -paDi piyara / gyas gayona va yA dag Jis 'thob // 10 // saM0- yadyekArthAbhisambandhAt kAryakAraNatA tayoH / prAptA dvitvAdisambandhAt savyetaraviSANayoH // 10 // Ti0-sgaDa-zig Jis gnas 'brel-pa yod / de mchan de las gazan-du min / . yod daG med-paDi bye-bag can / sbyora-ba ci-ste b 'bral na // 11 // dviSTho hi kazcit sambandho nAto'nyat tasya lakSaNam / __ bhAvAbhAvopadhiryogaH kAryakAraNatA yadi // 11 // Ti-byora-baDi bye-bag-can de jid / 'dira ni yu 'bras ci-phiyara min / ___tha-dad ces byati sma 'di na ! smra-byed la brten ma-yin -nam // 12 // saM0- yogopAdhI na tAveva kAryakAraNatA'tra kim / / bhedAcennanvayaM zabdo niyoktAraM samAzritaH // 12 // Ti0-gaG-zig myoG na ma -mthoG myoG / de ma-mthoG na ma-mthoG-ba / bras-bu yin-pa jida-du ni / stan -paDi skye -bo meda para zes // 13 // saM0- pazyannekamadRSTasya darzane tddrshne| apazyan kAryamanveti vinA'pyAkhyAtRbhirjanaH // 13 // Ti0-mthoG daGma-mathoG ma-gatogs para / 'bras-buDi blo ni mi sid piyara / dila 'bras-bu la sogas stra / tha-snad sla-baDi piyara bkod-do // 14 // saM0- darzanAdarzane muktvA kAryabuddherasambhavAt / kAryAdizratirapyatra lAghavArtha nivezitA // 14 // Ti0-de yod yo phiyara de 'bras toMgs / gaG yaG s-su-smra-ba yi / da yi yul du de barnod de / kog-zal la sogs glogs zin // 15 // saM0- tadbhAvabhAvAt tatkAryagatiryApyanuvarNyate / sataviSayAkhyA sA sAsnAdeogatiryathA // 15 //
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________________ saM0 zrImad vijayarAjendrari-smAraka-graMtha Ti0-yoda jyura yoda na de yoda ciG / yoda-pa jid 'G yo 'gyura-ca / mDon-sum mi migs-1 dag las / yu 'bras kho-nara rab-tu-gub // 16 // saM0- bhAve bhAvini tadbhAvo bhAva eva ca bhAvitA / prasiddha hetuphalate pratyakSAnupalambhataH // 16 // Ti0-re-zig-de-cam yaG-dag don / ryu daG 'bras-buDi spyod-yul nams / nem-para toMg-pas ston-pa ni / don loga-pa yi dona bazin ston // 17 // etAvanmAtratattvArthAH kAryakAraNagocarAH / vikalpA darzayantyarthAn mithyArthAn ghaTitAniva // 17 // Ti0-tha-dad yin na ci-zig 'brel / tha-dad min na ya' 'bras gacha / __gzana-zig yod na ma-'brel Jis / de Jis 'bel-para ji-stara byed // 18 // saM0- bhinne kA ghaMTanA'bhinne kAryakAraNatApi kaa| bhAve tvanyasya vizliSTau zliSTau syAtAM kathaM ca tau // 18 // Ti0-sbyora dA 'du-ba la sogas-5 / thams-cad des kyaG dapyad-pa yin / phan-chun phan-pa-mi-byed phyira / de-'dra ba la sogas 'brel-pa med // 19 // saMyogisamavAyyAdi sarvametena cintitam / anyonyAnupakArAcca na sambandhI ca tAdRzaH // 19 // Ti0-'du-ba-can ni 'g'-zig gis / bras -'bu skyed-para byed-pa n| de-che 'du-ba-can 'di med / zin-tu thala-phyira de jis min // 20 // saM0- janane'pi hi kAryasya kenacit smvaayinaa|| samavAyI tadA nAsau na tato'tiprasaGgataH // 20 // Ti0-de jis daG ni 'du-ba daG / gazan yaG phan- mi byed-para / ci-ste 'brel na mathas-dag kyA / phan-chun 'brela -pa-can-du 'gyur // 21 // tayoranupakAre'pi samavAye paratra vaa|| sambandho yadi vizvaM syAt samavAyi parasparam // 21 // Ti0-las sogsa sbyor-ba-can gub-phiyara / syora-ba-bskye d kyA des de Jis / scyora-ba-can du mi 'dod-do / gnasa-para-byed-pa'Ga rab-tu-bod // 22 // saM0 saMyogajanane'pISTau tataH saMyoginau na tau| karmAdiyogitApatteH sthitizca prativarNitA // 22 // saM0
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________________ jaina dAnika sAhitya ane sAdhaparIkSA Ti0-byora - ba la sogs pa yi gnam / ruG - baDi ds - po de 'gyurna / ruG - baDi duGos - portag na ni / de daG bral pa gala phiyara // 23 // Ti0-de bas bral daG ldan pa daG / 'mro sogs ruG - b brjod - pa na / Go-bo 'di la Ges-par brjod / 'mo sogs gAn rtags ci nig bya // 24 // Ti0- de dag rnamsa la yod na yaG / 'dila zes 'brela - pa mi Sb phiyar / skad - cig so-so skye -ba yi / dGos - potha - dad 'di yin rigs // 25 // Ti0-Dabrel- pa rtag - paDi rab-tu- byed - pa / slov - pon mukhas - pa chenU - po chos- kyi - zrags-pas mz2ad-pa z2ags - so / saM0-sambandha parIkSAprakaraNaM mahApaNDitAcAryadharma kIrtinA racitaM samAptam // Ti0-ya-gara gyi mkhan-po jJAnagarbha daG / lo-ca-ca ban- de nam - mUkhas gyura - baDo / saM0- bhAratIya paNDitena jJAnagarbheNa bhoTIyena anuvAdakena vandyagaganena ca anUditam / 779 pramANanayatattvalokAlaGkAra nA pabhA parizchehanA 8 bhA sUtranI vyAbhyAmAM syAdvAdaratnAkara ( pR0 812-818 ) bhAM sambandha viSaya pUrvapakSa ke mAM para nyAvesa bhAvIsa 4ariGAmA addhRta 4relI che te nIce pramANe che. syAdvAdaratnAkara bhAM nyA pUrvapakSa azuddha chapAyele che. TibeTana bhASAMtara tathA meyamamArtanDa sAthe sarakhAvIne azuddhi dUra karIne ahIM ApavAne me' yathAmati prayatna karyo che. [ syAdvAdaratnAkara pR0 812] " paramANUnAmanyonyaM sambandhAbhAvataH sthUlAkArapratIte-. tatvAt kathaM tadvazAt tadAtmakaM vastu syAt / sambandho hi svarUpeNaiva tAvanna sambhavati / tathA hi-ayamarthAnAM pAratantryalakSaNo vA syAt tAdAtmyAparaparyAyarUpAzleSalakSaNo vA ! prathamapakSe kimasau niSpannayoH sambandhinoH syAdaniSpannayorvA ? na tAvadaniSpannayoH, svarUpasyaivAsattvAt, turagakhara viSANavat / niSpannayozca pAratantryAbhAvAdasambandha eva / tadAha 'kIrtiH ' pAratantryaM hi sambandhaH siddhe kA paratantratA / tasmAt sarvasya bhAvasya sambandho nAsti tatvataH // 1 // nApi yathoktarUpazleSalakSaNo'sau, sambandhinordvitve tasya virodhAt / tayoraikye vA sutarAM tadabhAvaH, dviSThatvAt sambandhasya / atha nairantaryaM tayorUpazleSaH, na, asyAntarAlA bhAvarUpatve tAttvi - katvAyogAt / prAptirUpatve'pi prApte saMyogAparanAmikAyAH paramArthataH kAlanyaikadezAbhyAmasambhavAt / 1 sambandhaparIkSAnI vRttiyAM sambandhanI yaryA aDIMyA 4 za3 thAya che.
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha [ taduktam - rUpazleSo hi sambandho dvitve sa ca kathaM bhavet / ] 780 tasmAt prakRtibhinnAnAM sambandho nAsti taccataH // 2 // ki, parApekSaiva sambandhaH, tasya dviSThatvAt / paraM cApekSate bhAvaH svayaM sannasan vA ? na tAvadasan, tasyApekSAdharmAzrayatvavirodhAt, kharazRGgavat / nApi san, tasya sarvanirAzaMsatvAt / anyathA sattvavirodhAt / tanna parApekSA nAma yadrUpaH sambandhaH sidhyet / uktaJca- parApekSA hi sambandhaH so'san kathamapekSate / saMzca sarvanirAzaMso bhAvaH kathamapekSate // 3 // kica, asau sambandhaH sambandhibhyAM bhinnaH syAdaminno vA ? yadyabhinnastadA sambandhinAveva, na sambandhaH kazcit / bhinnazcet tarhi sambandhinau kevalau kathaM sambaddhau syAtAm / sambandhAntaraM vinA sambandhibhyAM saha kathaM bhinnaH sambandhaH sambadhyate ! sambandhAntarAbhyupagame cAnavasthA syAt, tatrApi sambandhAntarAnuSaGgAt / tana sambandhamatiH sudUramapi gatvA / dvayorekAbhisambandhamantareNApi sambandhe prathamameva tathAstu, kimekAbhisambandhena ! tathA ca na sambandhamatiH kevalayoH sambandhinoH, atiprasaGgAt / yadi ca sambandhino sambandhazca svenAsAdhAraNarUpeNa svalakSaNAparanAmnA sthitA - stadA siddhamamizraNamarthAnAM paramArthataH / tadAha dvayorekAbhisambandhAt sambandho yadi tadvayoH / kaH sambandho'navasthA ca na sambandhamatistathA // 4 // tadvayoH kaH sambandhaH' iti / cedatra tacchabdastarhi zabdArthaH tato'yamarthaH-- sambandhAkhyaikavastusadbhAvAd dvau sambaddhau bhavata iti yadi kalpyate tarhi dvayoH sambandhinoH kaH sambandha ekena sambandhena saheti / tathA -- tau ca bhAvau tadanyazca sarve te svAtmani / ityamizrAH svayaM bhAvAstAn mizrayati kalpanA // 5 // 'asyArthaH - tau ca bhAvau sambandhinau tAbhyAmanyazca sambandhaH sarve te svAtmani svasvarUpe sthitAH, tena amizrAH svayaM bhAvAH / tathApi tAn mizrayati yojayati kalpaneti / ata eva ca 6 [ ] vAyarasa mAM AsA pATho meM rastAkSaramAM nathI te paNa asaMgati mATe tema ja kArikA lakhane ahIM me umeryAM che. 2 kha syAdvAdaratnAkarabhAM tatkaH sambandhamatiH pAchapAyeoche pazu te azuddha che. tatkA samba ndhamatiH pApA sahI saMbhavI zo. 3 tena dvayoH = tayoH pramANe artha vRti ko tAve, tethI jIne artha lA bavA bhATe aDIM athAra zrIvAhIhevasUriye vedana tayachabdastA IzabdArthaH bhAvyu che. merelA che. pUrNa karavA kharDI ubherelA pATha syaadvaadmATe pramecamamArtajamAMthI
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________________ jaina dArzanika sAhitya ane sambandhaparIkSA vAstavasambandhAbhAve'pi tAmeva kalpanAmanurundhAnairvyavahartRbhirbhAvAnAM medasyAnyApohAparaparyAyasva pratyAyanAya kriyAkArakAdivAcinaH zabdAH prayujyante ' devadatta ! gAmabhyAja zuklAM daNDena ' ityAdayaH / na khalu kArakANAM kriyayA sambandho'sti, kSaNikatvena tatkAle teSAmasambhavAt / taduktamtAmeva cAnurundhAnaiH kriyAkArakavAcinaH / bhAvabhedapratItyartha saMyojyante'bhidhAyakAH // 6 // 781 ' kAryakAraNabhAvastarhi sambandho bhaviSyati' ityapyasamIcInam, kAryakAraNayoH sahabhAvAbhAvAt / na khalu kAraNakAle kArya tatkAle vA kAraNamasti, tulyakAle kAryakAraNabhAvAnupapatteH, savyetaragoviSANavat / tanna sambandhinau sahabhAvinau vidyete yenAnayorvartamAnaH sambandhaH syAt / adviSThe ca bhAve sambandhatAnupapanneva / tadAha kAryakAraNabhAvospi tayorasahabhAvataH / prasidhyati kathaM dviSTho'dviSThe sambandhatA katham // 7 // ' kArye kAraNe ca krameNAsau sambandho vartate ' ityapyasAmpratam, yataH / krameNa bhAva ekatra vartamAno'nyanispRhaH / tadabhAve'pi tadbhAvAt sambandho naikavRttimAn // 8 // asyArthaH - krameNApi bhAvaH sambandhAkhya ekatra kArye kAraNe vA vartamAno'nyanispRhaH kAryakAraNayoranyatarAnapekSo naikavRttimAn sambandho yuktaH, tadabhAve'pi kAryakAraNayorabhAve'pi tadbhAvAditi / yadyapekSya tayorekamanyatrAsa pravartate / upakArI hyapekSyaH syAt kathaM copakarotyasan // 9 // vyAkhyA - yadi punaH kAryakAraNayorekaM kArya kAraNaM vA'pekSya anyatra kArye kAraNe vAso sambandhaH krameNa vartata iti saspRhatvena dviSTha eveSyate tadA tenApekSyamANena upakAriNA bhavitavyam, yasmAdupakArI apekSyaH syAnnAnyaH / kathaM copakarotyasan ? yadA kAraNakAle kAryAkhyo bhAvo'san tatkAle vA kAraNAkhyastadA naivopakuryAdasAmarthyAt / kiJca, kArthAbhisambandhAt kAryakAraNatA tayoH / prAptA dvitvAdisambandhAt sanyetaraviSANayoH // 10 // dviSTho hi kazcit sambandho nAto'nyat tasya lakSaNam / asya sArdhazlokasyArthaH - dviSTho hi kazcit padArthaH sambandhaH, nAto'nyat tasya lakSaNam / tatazca yadyekenArthena sambandhalakSaNena yoga eva kAryakAraNatvaM tadA dvitvasaGkhyA paratvAparatvA
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________________ 782 bhImad vijayarAjendrari-smAraka-pratha pekArthasambandhAt savyettaraviSANayorapi kAryakAraNatA prApteti / kacid 'dvitvAmisambandhAt' iti pAThaH sa ca spaSTArthaH / kiJca, bhAvAbhAvopadhiryogaH kAryakAraNatA yadi // 11 // yogopAdhI na tAveva kAryakAraNatAtra kim / / medAcennanvayaM zabdo niyoktAraM samAzritaH / / 12 / / asyArthaH-sthite kAryakAraNarUpatve tadAkSiptaH sambandhaH kAryakAraNabhAva iti kasmi. zcit sati bhAvastadabhAve cAbhAvaH kAryakAraNabhAvo yastadviziSTaH sambandhaH kAryakAraNabhAvo bhvti| tadetad yadIpyate tadA sambandhasya vizeSaNatayA yAvabhimatau bhAvAbhAvo tAveva kAryakAraNabhAvo bhavatu, kiM kAryakAraNayorapareNa kAryakAraNabhAvena sambandhena ! pratilabdhakAryakAraNarUpayorhi kimapareNa sambandhena ! tAvataiva vastuparyavasAnAt / tathAvidhena svarUpapatilambhena tu sambandha AkSipyata iti [ na ] nyAyo nApyanubhava iti na yuktametat / nanu ' kAryakAraNabhAvayoH sambandhaH ' iti medAda bhavitavyaM tathAbhUtayorapi sambandheneti cet / tadayuktam / yataH zabdo'yam , nAnubhavaH / so'pi ca saGketaprayoktRparatantro nArthAzraya iti naivamAdevastuvyavastheti tAveva kAryakAraNateti yuktam / na tvaparaH sambandhaH / tathA hi pazyannekamadRSTasya darzane tadadarzane / apazyan kArya manveti vinApyAkhyAmirjanaH // 13 // pazyanneka kAraNAbhimatamadRSTamya upalabdhilakSaNaprAptasyAnupalabdhasya kAryAkhyasya darzane sati, tamyaikasya kAraNAbhimatasyAdarzane ca sati apazyan kAryamanveti ' idamato bhavati ' iti nirvikalpakapratyakSataH pratipadyate janaH 'ata idaM jAtam ' ityAkhyAtRbhirvinApi / tatazca, darzanAdarzane muktvA kAryabuddherasambhavAt / kAryAdizrutirapyatra lAghavArtha nivezitA // 14 // darzanAdarzane muktvA viSayiNi viSayopacArAd bhAvAbhAvI muktvA kAryabuddharasambhavAt kAryAdizrutirapyatra -- bhAvAbhAvayormA lokaH pratipadamiyatI zabdamAlAmabhidadhyAt ' iti vyavahAralAghavArtha niveziteti / athApi syAta-yadi darzanAdarzane eva kAryabuddhistarhi bhAvAbhAvI kAryam , na caitadasti, bhAvAbhAvAbhyAM kAryatvasAdhanAt / tasmAdanyadeva kAryasvamityanyA kAryatvabuddhiH / tadayuktam , yataH tadbhAvabhAvAt tatkAryagatiryApyanuvarNyate / saGketaviSayAkhyA sA sAsnAdeogatiyathA // 15 // / sahI syAdvAdaratnAkarabhAM kintu 54 cha yeso cha, 595 116 cha. kinnu 54 mapI .
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________________ jaina dArzanika sAhitya ane anya parIkSA 783 tadbhAvabhAvAliGgAt tatkAryatAgatiryApyanuvarNyate / asyedaM kAryamasyedaM kAraNaM ca' iti saretaviSayAkhyAnametadupadarzyate, yathA ' gaurayaM sAsnAdimattvAt ' ityanena govyavahArasya viSayaH pradarzyate / yataH bhAve bhAvini tadbhAvo bhAva eva ca bhAvitA / prasiddha hetuphalate pratyakSAnupalambhataH // 16 // pratyakSAnupalambhato hi kAryakAraNate pratIyete, na tu tadbhAvabhAvAt / tadbhAvabhAva eva tu te / tathA hi-bhAve'gnyAdI bhAvini [ tasya ] dhUmasya bhAvaH pratyakSAvagataH / bhAva eva ca tasya agnyAderbhAvitA dhUmasya na tu pUrvameva bhAva ityanupalambhato'vagatam , prAgagnisannidherupalabdhilakSaNaprAptasya dhUmasyAbhAvAvagamAt / ya eva cAsau bhAve tadbhAvo'bhAve cAbhAvastadeva kAryakAraNayoH vam / evaJca, etAvanmAtratavArthAH kAryakAraNagovarAH / vikalpA darzayantyarthAn mithyArthAn ghaTitAniva // 17 // pratyakSAnupalambhamAtrAvagatabhAvAbhAvaparamArthAH kAryakAraNaviSayA vikalpAH tathAbhUtA api te'rthAnasatyArthasvarUpAn darzayanti / kA punasteSAmasatyavasturUpatA ! yadidaM ghaTitAnAmiva prati. bhAnam-' asyedaM kAryamasya cedaM kAraNam ' iti / ghaTanA cAsatyasvam / tathAhi bhinne kA ghaTanA'bhinne kAryakAraNatApi kA / anyasya bhAve vizliSTau zliSTau syAtAM kathaM ca tau // 18 // kAryakAraNabhUto hyartho bhinno'bhinno vA syAt ! yadi bhinnastarhi bhinne kA ghaTanA ! svasva. bhAvavyavasthiteH / athAbhinnastadA abhinne kAryakAraNatApi kA ! naiva syAt / syAdetat-na bhinnasya abhinnasya vA sambandhaH, kiM tarhi ! sambandhAkhyenaikena sambandhAditi / atrApi bhAve sacAyAmanyasya sambandhasya vizliSTau kAryakAraNAbhimatau zliSTau syAtAM kathaM ca tAviti ! saMyogisamavAyyAdi sarvametena cintitam / anyonyAnupakArAtma na sambandhI ca tAdRzaH // 19 // yatazca kAryakAraNabhAvo na sambandho dviSThatvAbhAvena vilakSaNatvAdataH saMyogisamavAyyAdi kAraNamapAkRtam / kIdRzam ! anyonyAnupakArAtma parasparamupakArazUnyasvabhAvam / kAryakAraNAvasthatve parasparamupakArasya pAratantryeNa saMzleSaNApekSayA caabhaavaadeksnnidhaavprsyaasiddheH| yazcaivaM bhAvAdupakArarahitaH sa sambandhI na bhavatIti / 1 mI syAdvAdaratnAkaramA kAryakAraNatAbhimatI 54 pAyedo cha 5 te azu . --
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________________ 784 Amad vijayarAjendrapari-smAraka graMtha athAsti kazcit samavAyI yo'vayavirUpaM kArya janayati ato nA'nupakArAdasambandhiteti / tanna / yataH janane'pi hi kAryasya kenacit samavAyinA / samavAyI tadA nAsau na tato'tiprasaGgataH / / 20 // janane'pi hi kAryasya kenacit samavAyinAbhyupagamyamAne samavAyI nAsau tadA jananakAle kAryasyAniSpatteH / na ca tato jananAt samavAyitvaM sidhyati, kummakArAderapi ghaTasamavAyitvaprasaGgAt / tayoranupakAre'pi samavAye paratra vaa| sambandho yadi vizvaM syAt samavAyi parasparam // 21 // sambandhinoranupakAre'pi samavAye saMyoge vA sambandho yadIpyate tadA vizvamapi samavAyi, . upalakSaNaM caitaditi saMyogi ca syAt / saMyogena samavAyena vA vizvaM sambandhi syAdityuktaM bhavati / saMyogajanane'pIyau tataH saMyogino na to| ['karmAdiyogitApatteH sthitizca prativarNitA / 22 // ] yadi saMyogajananAt saMyogitA tayostadA saMyogajanane'pi iSTavibhilaSitau tataH saMyogajananAnna to saMyoginI, karmaNo'pi saMyogitApatteH saMyogo hyanyatarakarmaja ubhayakarmajaH saMyogajazceSyate / AdigrahaNAt saMyogajasyApi saMyogitA syAt / na saM[yogejananAt saMyogitA, kiM tarhi ! sthApanAditi cet, na, sthitizca prativarNitA granthAntare pratikSiptA sthApyasthApa] yohi janyajanakabhAvAnnAnyA sthitiriti / -syAdvAdaratnAkara pR0 812-818. zrI prabhAyAyAyai zyetA prameyakamalamArtaNDa mA mA 2thane sambandhana viSayamA je pUrvapakSa che te akSarazaH nIce pramANe che. nanu cANUnAmayaHzalAkAkarapatvenAnyonyaM sambandhAbhAvataH sthUlAdipratItentitvAt kathaM tadvazAt tatsvabhAvo bhAvaH syAt ! tathA hi-sambandho'rthAnAM pAratavyalakSaNo vA syAt , 1 mI syAdvAdaratnAkaramA karmAderapi saMyogitA syAjananAt tataH // ' prabhAre risanu uttarArdha chapAyeluM che paNa temAM bhaMga vigere de che ane TibeTana bhASAMtara sAthe tene bIlakala bheNa mAtI nayA bhATate 26 rIta karmAdiyogitA patteH sthitizva prativarNitA // sA 54 prmeykmlmaatemAMthI laIne meM ahIM dAkhala karyo che. TibeTana bhASAMtara sAthe tema ja ahIM ApelI vyAkhyA sAthe paNa barAbara A pATha maLI rahe che. 2 sahI syAdvAdaratnAkaramA 54 mata lyelA che seTa [ ] yA yorasa 44mai ApalAI prameyakamalamArtaNDa (50508) mAthA dhana meM bhI bhechi .
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________________ jaina dArzanika sAhitya ane sambandha parIkSA rUpa-zleSalakSaNo vA syAt ! prathamapakSe kimasau niSpannayoH sambandhinoH syAt , aniSpannayorvA ! na tAvadaniSpannayoH; svarUpasyaiva asatvAt zazAzvaviSANavat / niSpannayozca pAratantryAbhAvAdasambandha eva / uktazca pAratavyaM hi sambandhaH siddhe kA paratantratA / tasmAt sarvasya bhAvasya sambandho nAsti tattvataH // 1 // nApi rUpazleSalakSaNo'sau sambandhinotvei rUpazleSavirodhAt / tayorekye vA sutarAM sambandhAbhAvaH, sambandhinorabhAve sambandhAyogAt , dviSThatvAt tasya / atha nairantayaM tayorUpazleSaH, na asyAntarAlAbhAvarUpatvenAtAttvikatvAt sambandharUpatvAyogaH / nirantaratAyAzca sambandharUpatve sAntaratApi kathaM sambandho na syAt ! kiJca, asau rUpazleSaH sarvAtmanA ekadezena vA syAt ! sarvAtmanA rUpazleSe aNUnAM piNDaH aNumAtraH syAt / ekadezena tacchleSe kimekadezAstasya AtmabhUtAH parabhUtA vA ! AtmabhUtAzcet ; na ekadezena rUpazleSastadabhAvAt / paramUtAzcet ; tairapyaNUnAM sarvAtmanaikadezena vA rUpazleSa sa eva paryanuyogo'javasthA ca syAt / taduktam - rUpazleSo hi sambandho dvitve sa ca kathaM bhavet / tasmAt prakRtibhinnAnAM sambandho nAsti tatvataH // 2 // kiJca, parApekSaiva sambandhaH, tasya dviSThatvAt / taM cApekSate bhAvaH svayaM san asan vA ! na tAvadasan , apekSAdharmAzrayatvavirodhAt kharazRGgavat / nApi san , sarvanirAzaMsatvAt, anyathA sattvavirodhAt / tanna parApekSA nAma yadrUpaH sambandhaH sidhyet / uktazca - parApekSA hi sambandhaH so'san kathamapekSate / saMzca sarvanirAzaMso bhAvaH kathamapekSate // 3 // kiJca, asau sambandhaH sambandhibhyAM bhinnaH abhinno vA ! yadyabhinnaH, tadA sambandhinAveva na sambandhaH kazcit , sa eva vA na tAviti / bhinnazcet , sambandhinau kevalo kathaM sambaddhau syAtAm / bhavatu vA sambandho'rthAntaram / tathApi tenaikena sambandhena saha dvayoH sambandhinoH kaH sambandhaH ! yathA sambandhinoryathoktadoSAnna kazcit sambandhastathAtrApi / tenAnayoH sambandhAntarAbhyupagame cAnavasthA syAt tatrApi sambandhAntarAnuSanAt / tanna sambandhinoH sambandhabuddhiAstavI tadvayatirekeNAnyasya sambandhasyAbhAvAt / taduktam dvayorekAbhisambandhAt sambandho yadi tadvayoH / / kaH sambandho'navasthA ca na sambandhamatistathA // 4 //
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________________ 783 zrImat vijayarAjendrari-smAraka-pratha sata: tau ca bhAvau tadanyazca sarve te svAtmani sthitAH / ityamizrAH svayaM bhAvAstAn mizrayati kalpanA // 5 // tau ca bhAvau sambandhinau tAbhyAmanyazca sambandhaH sarve te svAtmani svasvarUpe sthitAH / tenAmizrA vyAvRttasvarUpAH svayaM bhAvAstathApi tAn mizrayati yojayati kalpanA / ata eva tadvAstavasambandhAbhAve'pi tAmeva kalpanAmanurundhAnairvyavahartRbhirbhAvAnAM bhedo'nyApohastasya pratyAyanAya kriyAkAraNAdivAcinaH zabdAH prayojyante-'devadatta gAmabhyAja zuklAM daNDena ' ityAdayaH / na khala kArakANAM kriyayA sambandho'sti kSaNikatvena kriyAkAle kArakANAmasambhavAt / uktazca tAmeva cAnurundhAnaiH kriyAkArakavAcinaH / mAvabhedapratItyartha saMyojyante'bhidhAyakAH // 6 // kAryakAraNabhAvastarhi sambandho bhaviSyati ityapyasamIcInam ; kAryakAraNayorasahabhAvatastasyApi dviSThasyAsambhavAt / na khalu kAraNakAle kArya tatkAle vA kAraNamasti, tulyakAlaM kAryakAraNabhAvAnupapatteH savyetaragoviSANavat / tanna sambandhinau sahabhAvinau vidyate yenAnayorvartamAno'sau sambandhaH syAt / adviSThe ca bhAve sambandhatAnupapannaiva / kArye kAraNe vA krameNAsau sambandho vartate ityapyasAmpratam; yataH krameNApi bhAvaH sambandhAkhya ekatra kAraNe kArya vA vartamAno'nyaniHspRhaH kAryakAraNayoranyatarApekSaH naikavRttimAn sambandho yuktaH, tadabhAve'pi kAryakAraNayorabhAve'pi tadbhAvAt / yadi punaH kAryakAraNayorekaM kArya kAraNaM vApekSya anyatra kArya kAraNe vAsau sambandhaH krameNa vartata iti saspRhatvena dviSTha eveSyate; tadAnenApekSyamANenopakAriNA bhavitavyam / yasmAdupakArI apekSyaH syAt, nAnyaH / kathaM copa. karoti asan ! yadA kAraNakAle kAryAkhyo bhAvo'san tatkAle vA kAraNAkhyastadA naivopakuryAdasAmarthyAt / kiJca, yadyekArthAbhisambandhAt kAryakAraNatA tayoH kAryakAraNatvenAbhimatayoH, tarhi dvitvasaMkhyAparatvAparatvavibhAgAdisambandhAt prAptA sA savyetaragoviSANayorapi / na yena kenacidekena sambandhAt seSyate / kiM tarhi ! sambandhalakSaNenaiveti cet, tanna; dviSTho hi kazcit padArthaH sambandhaH, nAto'rthadvayAbhisambandhAdanyattasya lakSaNam , yenAsya saMkhyAdevizeSo'vasthApyeta / ___ kasyacid bhAve bhAvo'bhAve cAbhAvaH tAvupAdhI vizeSaNaM yasya yogasya sambandhasya sa kAryakAraNatA yadi na sarvasambandhaH, tadA tAveva yogopAdhI bhAvAbhAvI kAryakAraNatAstu kimasatsambandhakalpanayA ! bhedAccat ' bhAve hi bhAvo'bhAve cAbhAvaH ' iti bahavo'bhidheyAH kathaM kAryakAraNatA' ityekArthAbhidhAyinA zabdenocyante / nanvayaM zabdo niyokAra samAzritaH /
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________________ jaina dArzanika sAhitya ane anya parIkSA niyoktA hi yaM zabdaM yathA prayuke tathA prAha ityanekatrApi ekA zrutirna virudhyate iti vAveva kaarykaarnntaa| yasmAt pazyanneka kAraNAbhimatamupalabdhilakSaNaprAptasya adRSTasya kAryAkhyasya darzane sati tadadarzane ca sati apazyan kAryamanveti 'idamato bhavati ' iti pratipadyate janaH / ataH idaM jAtam' ityaakhyaatRbhirvinaapi| tasmAddarzanAdarzane-viSayiNi viSayopacArAt-bhAvAmAvau mukvA kAryabuddherasambhavAt kAryAdizrutirapyatra 'bhAvAbhAvayormA lokaH pratipadamiyatI zabdamAlAmabhidadhyAt ' iti vyavahAralAghavArtha niveziteti / anvaya-vyatirekAbhyAM kAryakAraNatA nAnyA cet kathaM bhAvAbhAvAbhyAM sA prasAdhyate ! vaidbhAvabhAvAt liGgAt tatkAryatAgatiryApyanuvarNyate / asyedaM kArya kAraNaM ca ' iti, sahetaviSayAkhyA sA / yathA -- gaurayaM sAsnAdimattvAt ' ityanena govyavahArasya viSayaH pradarzyate / yatazca 'bhAve bhAvini=bhavanadharmiNi tadbhAvaH kAraNAbhimatasya bhAva eva kAraNatvam , bhAve eva kAraNAbhimatasya bhAvitA kAryAbhimatasya kAryatvam ' iti prasiddhe pratyakSAnupalambhato hetuphalate / tato bhAvAbhAvAveva kAryakAraNatA naanyaa| tena etAvanmAtraM bhAvAbhAvo tAveva tattvaM yasyArthasya asAvetAvanmAtratattvaH, so'rtho yeSAM vikalpAnAM te etAvanmAtratattvArthAH etAvanmAtrabIjAH kAryakAraNagocarAH, darzayanti ghaTitAniva-sambaddhAniva asambaddhAnapyarthAn / evaM ghaTanAca mithyArthAH / kiJca, asau kAryakAraNabhUto'rtho bhinnaH abhinno vA syAt ! yadi bhinnaH, tarhi bhinne kA ghaTanA svasvabhAvavyavasthiteH / athAbhinnaH, tadA abhinne kAryakAraNa tApi kA ! naiva syAt / syAdetat-na bhinnasya abhinnasya vA sambandhaH / kiM tarhi ! sambandhAkhyena ekena sambandhAt / ityatrApi bhAve sattAyAmanyasya sambandhasya vizliSTau kAryakAraNAbhimatau zliSTau syAtAm kathaM ca tau| saMyogisamavAyinI, AdigrahaNAt svasvAmyAdikaM, sarvametenAntaroktena sAmAnyasambandhapratiSedhena cintitam / saMyogyAdInAmanyonyamanupakArAcca ajanyajanakabhAvAca na sambandhI ca taadRsho'nupkaaryopkaarkbhuutH| athAsti kazcit samavAyI yo'vayavirUpaM kArya janayati, ato nAnupakArAdasambandhi. teti / tanna / yato janane'pi kAryasya kenacit samavAyinAbhyupagamyamAne samavAyI nAsau tadA jananakAle kAryasyAniSpatteH / na ca tato jananAt samavAyitvaM sidhyati kumbhakArAderapi ghaTe samavAyitvaprasaMgAt / tayoH samavAyinoH parasparamanupakAre'pi tAbhyAM vA samavAyasya nityatayA 1. mahI prameyakamalamArtaNDa bhAM tadabhAvabhAvAt pAI paaye| cha. 595 te azuddha che. tadbhAvabhAvAt seems to be better.
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha 1 samavAyena vA tayoH paratra vA kacidanupakAre'pi sambandho yadISyate tadA vizvaM parasparAsambaddhaM samavAyi parasparaM syAt / yadi ca saMyogasya kAryatvAt tasya tAbhyAM jananAt saMyogitA tayoH tadA saMyogajanane'pISTau tataH saMyogajananAnna tau saMyogino, karmaNo'pi saMyogitApatteH / saMyogo hi anyatarakarmaja ubhayakarmajazceSyate / AdigrahaNAt saMyogasyAyi saMyogitA syAt / na saMyogajananAt saMyogitA, kiM tarhi ? sthApanAditi cet; na, sthitizca prativarNitA - pranthAntare pratikSiptA sthApyasthApakayorjanyajanakatvAbhAvAnnAnyA sthitiriti / 788 kAryakAraNabhAvo'pi tayorasahabhAvataH / prasidhyati kathaM dviSTho'dviSThe sambandhatA kathaM // 7 // krameNa bhAva ekatra vartamAno'nyaniHspRhaH / tadabhAve'pi tadbhAvAt sambandho naikavRttimAn // 8 // yadyapekSya tayorekamanyatrAsa pravartate / upakArI hyapekSyaH syAt kathaM copakarotyasan // 9 // yadyekArthAbhisambandhAt kAryakAraNatA tayoH / prAptA dvitvAdisambandhAt savyetaraviSANayoH // 10 // dviSTho hi kazcit sambandho nAto'nyattasya lakSaNam / bhAvAbhAvopadhiryogaH kAryakAraNatA yadi // 11 // yogApAdhI na tAveva kAryakAraNAtAtra kim / bhedAcenanvayaM zabdo niyoktAraM samAzritaH // 12 // pazyanekamadRSTasya darzane tadadarzane / apazyan kAryamanveti vinApyAkhyAtRbhirjanaH // 13 // darzanAdarzane muktvA kAryabuddherasambhavAt / kAryAdizrutirapyatra lAghavArtha nivezitA // 14 // tadbhAvabhAvAt tatkAryagatiryApyanuvarNyate / saGketaviSayAkhyA sA sAsnAdegagatiryathA // 15 // bhAve bhAvini tadbhAvo bhAva eva ca bhAvitA / prasiddhe hetuphalate pratyakSAnupalambhataH // 16 // 1 aprameyakamalamArtaNDa bhAM vinA vyAkhyAtRbhirjanaH pAhe chapAyeoche pazu te azuddha che.
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________________ jaina dArzanika sAhitya ane sambandha parIkSA etAvanmAtratavArthAH kaarykaarnngocraaH| vikalpA darzayantyarthAn mithyArthI ghaTitAniva // 17 // minne kA ghaTanA'bhinne kAryakAraNatApi kA / bhAve hyanyasya vizliSTau zliSTau syAtAM kathaM ca tau // 18 // saMyogi samavAyyAdi sarvametena cintitam / anyonyAnupakArAcca na sambandhI ca tAdRzaH // 19 // janane'pi hi kAryasya kenacit samavAyinA / samavAyI tadA nAsau na tato'tiprasaGgataH // 20 // tayoranupakAre'pi samavAye paratra vaa| sambandho yadi vizvaM syAt samavAyi parasparam // 21 // saMyogajanane'pISTau tataH saMyoginau na to| karmAdiyogitApatteH sthitizca prativarNitA // 22 // -prameyakamalamArtaNDa pR0 504-511 652 syAdvAdaratnAkara tathA prameyakamalamArtaNDamAMthI kRta 42 / sambandhaviSaya pUrvapakSa sambandhaparIkSAno artha samapAmA atyaMta upayogI cha. tabha 1 smbndhpriikssaavRttin| saMskRtabhA punaruddhAra ( Restoration ) 425 // bhATe 55 atyata 6payogI hai.
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________________ English OMNISCIENT BEINGS ( By Sri Harisatya Bhattacharyys. M. A., B. L., Ph. D.) To have an idea of the Orpniscient Beings, as the Jainks under. stand them, a study of the nature of Omniscience and Omniscient Beings, as conceived in the Indian non-Jaina systems of philosophy may serve as an illuminating preliminary. I. The Liberated State And Omniscience; The Buddhist View. Save and except the Mimansa, the Vedic systems of philosophy mostly admit that there is a God, on whose will and intelligent efforts depend the creation, the preservation and the annihilation of the world and in whatever manner he may be called.- the Pradhana, the Isvara, the Saguna-Brabma as the Purana Purusa, - God is omniscient. The Jaina's do not admit the existence of an architect God and so the question of divine Omniscience does not arise with them. So far as the doctrine of God's Omniscience is concerned, the Buddhist position is similar to that of the Jaina's. The Buddhists also do not believe in the existence of God. Therefore, the problem boils itself down to this : Either the finite beings are capable of attaining Omniscience or Omniscience is an impossibility. Now, with regard to the problem of Omniscience in finite beings, the Buddhist attitude may be indicated in the following manner. That the mundane unliberated souls are not Omniscient is admitted ot only by the Mimamsaka's but by all the philosophers. The fact is & matter of observation and not denied by the Buddhist. The liberated souls are, in the language of the Buddhist, 'Nirvanata-gata' i. e. in the state of Nirvana.' Scholars have differed regarding the meaning of Nirvana' but with respect to Omniscience in the liberated, the difference is of no effect. For, if Nirvana' means extinction liko that of the light of an extinguished lamp, then a Jiva is no more alive when it enters the Nirvana, so that it is quite meaningless to talk of it then as Omniscient. If, on the other hand, 'Nirvana'
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________________ IL Omniscient Beings means & state (Saranan', 'Parayanan' or 'Akkharan') Which is everlasting ( Anantan,' 'Acyutan,' 'Asamkbatan,' or 'Anuttaran') and which has been described in the sacred books of the Buddhists as blessed and true (Khiman,' 'Sivan,' Saccan,' Kovalan,' 'Padan') then a being in Nirvana may not be devoid of existence; but with regard to a being in such a state also, the question of Omniscience does not arise. For, according to the Buddhists, 'Tanha' is at the root of all knowledge; owing to Tanba and the * Vasana,' momentary apprehensions regarding momentary objects arise every moment. This series of momentary apprebensions (Santana ) stops absolutely when Nirvana' is attained at the annihilation of Vasana,'- 80 that it is not possible for a Jiva who has attained the Nirvana to have Omni. science or knowledge of all or any of the objects of the world. II. The Liberated State And Omniscience : The Nyaya And The Vaisesika Views. Just as Omniscience is impossible in a being who has entered the state, called the Nirvana' by the Buddhist, it is impossible in a similar way in a soul which has attained absolute liberation, called * Apavarga' by the Naiyayikas. According to Gautama, desire, aversion, effort, pleasure, pain and knowledge are the attributes or peculiar characteristics of a soul; some add three other attributes to this list. In any case, the theory of the Nyaya philosophy is that when 'Apavarga' or final emancipation 18 attained, all those attributes or characteristics of the soul leave it absolutely. "Tadivam dhisanadinam navanamapi mulatah Gunamatmano dha sah sohpavargah pratisthitah In a Jiva which has attained ' Apavarga,' Jnana or consciousness is absurd just like its other attributes,--so that when one thinks that the state of liberation, as conceived by Gautama, is not unlike the absolutely passive and unconscious state of a stone,-- -- Muktaye Yah Silatvaya Sastramuce Sacitasam "-- 17/75, Naisadhiya-caritam. He is not probably wrong. According to the Vaisesikas also, the soul is in the state of
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrari-smAraka graMtha liberation, when on the annihilation of all its attributes e. g. consciousness etc; it exists like the expanse of sky. "Atyanta-nase Guna-Samgaterya Sthitirnabbovat Kanabhaksa-Pakse Muktih......" Samksepa-Samkara-Vijayah. 16/69. A liberated soul is thus unconscious; so that it must be understood to be the theory of the Nyaya and the Vaigesika systems that & liberated soul cannot be Omniscient. Although some of the Naiyayikas hold that there is a feeling of eternal happiness (Nitya-Sukha') in a soul in its liberated state, it is the common contention of all the Naiyayikas that the liberated Soul has no consciousness of the world and its objects. Consequently, the emancipated being is not Omniscient. III. The Liberated State And Omniscience : The Advaita Vedanta View. According to the Vodantins of the Advaita ( absolute monist) school, neither the bondage nor the emancipation of the Soul is real. If from the Vyavabara or empirical standpoint, a soul be said to be freed from its state of bondage,-even then, Omniscience cannot be attributed to the emancipated being. For, a liberated soul is nothing but a soul in itself'; in such a soul, which is absolutely non-dual consciousness, there can be no internal division' (Svagatabbeda'). And because there is nothing outside it which is similar to or dissimilar from it, there cannot be distinction of it from its similars' (Sajatiyabheda') or from its dissimilars' (Vijatiya-bbeda'). A liberated soul is not a knower but consciousness itself; there is nothing beside it : " Neha nanasti Kincana" Owing to 'Avidya' or false knowledge, of course, there may be consciousness of outside objects in a soul in bondage, "Yatra hi dvaitamiva bhavati, taditara itaram Pasyati". But in its state of liberation, there is nothing outside or beside it,80 that a liberated soul has no consciousness of objects other than itself. "Yatra tasya Sarvamatmaivabhut, tat Kona kam pasyet" Accordingly, from the standpoint of the Advaita Vedanta, Omniscience in a liberated being is impossible.
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________________ Omniscient Beings IV. The Liberated State And Omniscience : The Sankhya And The Yoga Views. The philosophers of the Sankhya and the Yoga schools maintain that the evolution of the world is due to the conjunction of the Prakrti and the Purusa. The soul may be said to be in a state of bondage as long as the Prakrati remains proximate to it. The soul, however, is absolutely incompatible; there cannot be any real connection of the Prakrti with it. It is owing to Aviveka or ignorance that the essentially incorruptible Purusa is looked upon as affected or influenced by the Prakrti. "Nihsangehpyuparagoh vivekat " Sankhya sutram: Tantrartha-Samksepadhyaya, 28. 793 61 When a red flower is held over a glass-ware, the shade of redness falls upon the latter and makes it appear as red; but the real nature of the glass-ware is not modified in the least thereby. In the same manner, the proximate-ness of the Prakrti to the Purusa makes no change in the essential nature of the latter. "Japa-Sphatikayoriva noparagah kintvabhimanah. 29, Do. It is thus that owing to Aviveka, the Soul is considered to be in bondage when the Prakrti is near it and that it is said to be emancipated when the Prakrti is no longer near it. Really-there is no relation whatsoever between the Purusa on the one hand and the Prakrti with its evolutes on the other. When a Soul is liberated, it is even impossible to imagine a connection. The liberated Purusa can not thus be said to be Omniscient or a knower of all things, according to the principles of the Sankhya and the Yoga systems. It is consequently clear that the Buddhist and the Vedic systems agree that not only are the mundane Souls not Omniscient but that the liberated and the finally disembodied souls also are not such. V. The stage Penultimate To Liberation And Omniscience: The Yoga View. Although neither a mundane Soul nor an emancipated being is 100
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjandrasUri-smAraka-pratha Omniscient, a Soul on the way to liberation may be possessed of a kind of knowledge, just before its final emancipation, which may be called Omniscienoe. The author of the Yoga-Sutras calls it. Pratibha' and the Sankhya also believes in its possibility. According to Patanjali, one possessed of the Pratibha' has the knowledge of all things. " Pratibhadva Sarvam." Yoga-Sutram, Bibhuti-padah, 34. -Upon which Bhoja-raja comments, - Yathodesyati Savitari purvam prabbs Pradurbhavati tadvadvivikakhyateh Purvam tarakam Sarva-Visayam, "Jnanamabirbhavati. " Just as immediatly before the sun-rise a brilliant glow is visible in the sky. In the same manner just before the rise of Viveka-khvati or consciousness of emancipation, there arises the knowledge, called . Taraka. 'Through ( To ) this Taraka knowledge, all things are known. This Taraka is otherwise called the 'Pratibha.' VI. The Stage Penultimate To Liberation : And Omniscience: The Sankhya View. The Sankhya school of philosophers attribute to the Yogi's or sages, & supernatual mode of perception, in which all things and phenomena of all places and of all times are cognised and they account for it in this way. The Yogi's or seers, through their penances and self-perfection attain a power by which they come in direct contact with the Pradhana, the potential basis of all things: as all things evolve from the Pradbana and on their dissolution enter into it, the Pradhana is the real substance in which all phinomena live, move and have their being. By seeing' the Pradbana, one sees all things evolving out of it. It is thus that the Yogi's being in contact with the universal basis of all things through their supernatural attainment aro enabled to perceive all things. "Lina-Vastu-labd hatigaya-sambandhat" 89, Visayadhyaya, Sankhya-Sutram.
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________________ Omniscient Beings 1984 The commentator explains, "Sat-karya-Sthiter nastamapi Sva-karane tinam bhutatvenasti. Bhabisyadapi Sva-karanehnagatatvenasti-Yogajadharmanugrahallabdhatigayasya yogina eva pradhana-Sambandhat Sarva-disakaladi-Sambandha iti :-" The effect is existent in the cause. What is found to perish exists in a potential state in its basal ground. What is future exists in its cause as something not come as yet. On account of their attainment of supernatural power of vision, the Yogi's come in contact with the Pradhana and through this contact, they come in contact with (things of) all places and all times. This supernatural power of vision in the Yogi's is practically Omniscience. Thus although the Sankhya philosophers do not believe in divine Omniscience nor in the Omniscience of a liberated being, they admit the possibility of Omniscience in the Yogi's or persons on the high way to self-culture. VII, The Stage Penultimate To Liberation And Omniscience : The Nyaya And The Vaisesika Views. The thinkers of the Nyaya school maintain that it is impossible for the instrument (Karana) of knowledge to be simultaneously connected with more than one percept; for this reason, a simultaneous cognition of all things is impossible according to them. But they admit that the recollections of all things or cause of the cognitions of all things, may simultaneously present themselves to a sage, when he may be possessed of a knowledge which relates to the whole collection of the objects. Such a knowledge has been called by them 'Samutalambana' or collective knowledge. This Samuhalambana' is practically indentical with the Pratibha '-knowledge noticed before and consists in a sort of Omniscience. The Vaisesika thinkers have given the name 'Arsa-Jnana' or 'the knowledge of a seer' to the 'Pratibha' which relates to the knowledge of all things. VIII The Stage Penultimate To Liberation And Omniscience: The Advaita Vedanta View. Omniscience is impossible in both a liberated and an unliberated
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasari-smAraka-graMtha soul, according to the absolute monist school of the Vedanta philosophy. But it is possible in a highly developed sage. It is said that a Naiyayika, in order to test the profoundness of Sarkara's knowledge, once asked him to explain the difference between the conceptions of liberation of the Nyaya and the Vaigesika schools. The questioning Naiyayika was a very concrited person and so addressed Sankara as follows: "-Vada sarvaviccet no cet pratijnam tyaja sarvavittvo " -Samksopa-Samkara-vijayah. If you are Omniscient, answer the question ; if not, give up your contention about Omniscience. From the above, it is apparent that according to the thinkers of the Advaita school, Omniscience is not impossible. Sankara has said that to the nature of a liberated soul or Brahman, Omniscience, Omnipotence eto: ('Sarvajnatvam,''Sar ves varatvanca') are not to be attributed. "Na caitanyavat Svarupatva-Sambhavah" -4-4-6 Vodonta-sutra-bhagyo Samkarah, But he admits that supernaturalities like Omniscience eto; are possible in a determined ("Saguna ') soul, in a certain stage of its development. " Vidyamanamavedam Sagunavasthayamaisvaryam bbuma-Vidya-Stutaye Samkirtato." -4-4-11 -Vedanta-sutra-bhayya Samkarah, In other words, Sankara's opinion is that by worshipping the Saguna-brahma,' the worshipper while attaining his likeness etc. (Sayujya'), becomes possessed of such supernaturalities as Omniscience etc. "Saguna-Vidya-Vipaka-Sthanantvetat" 4-4-16-Sutra-bhasye Samkarah IX The Stage, Penultimate To Liberation And Omniscience : The Buddhist View. "Sarvajnah Sugato Buddhah dharma-raja-Stathagatah" The word, 'Sarvajna ' in the above list of Buddha's names shows that although Omniscience, according to him, is impossible in a mundano
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________________ Omniscient Beings being or in a being who has entered the Nirvana, it is possible in a person, in a certain stage of mental development. Neither sensuous knowledge nor inference can yield Omniscience; for, not only is the range of such forms of knowledge limited but they are after all vague and indistinct. Without a full and clear knowledge of objects the knower cannot be said to have attained Omniscience. This perfect and the clearest possible knowledge about all the things of the universe has been called the Sphutabba' knowledge by the Buddhist thinkers. According to them, the Sphutabha' is due to a direct perception which is 'Peculiar to sages' ('Yogi-Pratyaksa'). The ordinary knowledge about objects which we get through the Pramana's or empiric sources of knowledge is 'Bhutartha' and to contemplate the 'Bhutartha' again and again is. Bhutartha-bhavana.' As a result of the 'Bhutartha-bhavana,' the knowledge of its object coines to be clearer and clearer. The 'Bhutartha--bhavana' has various stages,-the Bhutartha-bhavana-Prakarsa,' but these not yield the full and the perfect knowledge about things,- until the last stage,- BhavanaPrakarsa--Paryanta, '-is reached. From the Bhavana-PrakarsaParyanta' is evolved a direct apprehension about objects in the mind of the sage, which is called the Yogi-Pratyaksa '-'the perception of a sage.' "Bhutartha-bhavana-Prakarsa-Par yan tajam Yogi-Jnanam ceti." -Nyaya-Vindu : 1 St. Paricchedah, The three forms of perception Viz; sense-perception ('IndriyaJnana '), internal perception ('Manasa-Pratyaksa'), and self-perception (Sva-samvedana') cannot yield Omniscience; neither can inference (Anumana ') yield it. For, all these modes of cognition are imperfect and indistinct. The fourth mode of perception, according to the Buddhists, is the Yogi-Pratyaksa;' which we have just noticed. The YogiPratyaksa' yields Omniscience. It should be noticed, however, that even the perceptual stage, penultimate to the Yogi-Pratyaksa, '--the * Bhutartha-bhavana-Prakarsa-Paryanta, '-does not give perfect and the clearest possible knowledge about objects. It is said that the know. ledge obtained at this is like the knowledge of a thing, seen through & thin, transparent substance.
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________________ 798 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-praMtha " Abhraka-Vyavahitamiva yada bhavyamanam Vastu pasyati, Sa prakarga-paryantavastha. "-Nyaya-vindu-tika. The object when sun in Yogi-pratyaksa' is like a small fruit in one's hand, perceived in the perfect and the clearest possible manner. "Karatalamalakavadbhavyamanasyarthasya yaddarsanam tadyoginah pratyaksam, taddhi sphutabham. ---Nyaya-vindu.-tika. As a result of this uncommon perception, peculiar to a sage, the objects of the universe were apprehended by Buddha and saints like him, like the Amalaka-fruit in hand' and they succeeded in attaining Omniscience. The Liberated State and Omniscience : The Nonadvaita Vedanta Views. It has been pointed out more than once that the liberated Soul and the Soul which has entered the Nirvana, are not omniscient, although. Omniscience may be possible in a being who is about to attain final emancipation. This is the theory, upon which the Sankhya, the Yoga, the Nyaya, the Vaigesika, the Buddhist and the Advaita monists of the Vedanta school are agreed. But those philosophers of the Vedanta school who do not admit the identity of the Brabman and the Jiva, hold a different View. According to them, the liberated Jiva becomes Omniscient. and the grounds for this view of the dualistic Vedantists are obvious. They do not admit the reality of the absolute and the undetermined ('Nirguna') Brahman. The Brahman, according to them, is 'Saguna' i. c., determined and endowed with attributes The absolute monists of the Vedanta school maintain that it is impossible to ascribe Omniscience or any qualification to the liberated Soul which is merged in the attribute-less Brahman, Even these monists do not deny that a Soul which is by dint of its selfculture and self-development has succeeded in closely associating itself with the qualified or the Saguna-brahma,' attains Omniscience. The Vedantins, other than the absolute monists hold that Brahman is Saguna' or qualified and that the absolute, unqualified, or the 'Nirguna-brahma' is an unreal abstraction, that the Mukti or emancipation of a Soul consists in its inseparable association with (and not an
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________________ Omniscient Beings 799 absolute merger in) the Saguna Brahma and that such a liberated Soul comes to be possessed of the qualities of the Lord, including Omniscience. It seems to us, however, that the Omniscience thus attributed to the liberated Soul by the dualistic schools of the Vedanta, is not of the same nature or extent with the Omniscience, attributed to the Isvara by the Nyaya, the Vaisesika, the theistic Sankhya, the Yoga and the Vedanta. The Omniscience of the latter is eternal, unfittered and all- embracing. It is, however, the very nature of the Jiva to have but a limited range of apprehension and this limited capacity of the Jiva is not radically changed, even when it attains liberation. Accordingly, it would probably not be correct to say that all the cosmic things and phenomena of all times and places, beginningless and endless, are ever present in the Omniscience of the liberated Jiva, as 'now' and here', simultaneously. Even when a Soul associates itself with the Lord, in its emancipated state, its powers are still limited, in comparision with the powers of the latter. A liberated Soul, for instance, has no power to interfere in or modify the 'Jagat-vyapara 'i. e., the creation of the world,-which is the sole prerogative of the Isvara. It is true that a liberated Soul comes to be possessed of many supernatural powers; it can go anywhere it likes, "Sarvesu lokesu Kama-caro Bhavati --Chandogya Upanisat. 7.25 2. But from the word, 'Kama', it is manifest that this power of unrestricted movement is dependent upon his desire'. Similarly, it is not true that all the things and the phenomena of the world, past, present, future, subtle, near, distant etc. are simultaneously and actually and always present in the consciousness of the emancipated Jiva. Its supernatural attainment consists in the fact that unlike a Sonl in Bondage, it can know them, whenever it likes. Let us explain the position by an example. It is not a fact that his ancestors are always present before a liberated being or in his mind. Whenever he wants to see them, they appear before him at once. "Sa yada pitr-loka-Kamo Bhavati, Samkalpadevasya pitarah samuttisthanti.' "" -Chandogya-upanisat. 8. 2. 1, 79
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasari-smAraka-graMtha The Omniscience of a liberated Soul thus consists in the fact that it has the power to know at once, whatever it wants to know-and not that all the 008 mio things and phenomena are ever present in i consciousness. The Omniscience of the Lord, however, is not of this sort. His Omniscience is eternal; in it are ever present all the objects and occurrences of all times and places. The liberated Soul has not this kind of Omniscience, this is the view of the Vedantists of the 'Dvaita' or dualistic the Dvaitadvaita' or dualistico-inonist and the 'Vigistadvaita' or differentiated monistic schools. The 'Advaita' or the absolutely monistio schools of the Vedanta also attribute such an Omniscience to the highly developed worshippers of the Saguna Brahma' and we believe, such an Omniscience,-and nothing more than that,-has been said to be attainable in the Samuhalambana' of the Nyaya, the * Arsa-Jnana' of the Vaigesika, the 'Pratibha' of the Sankhya and the Yoga and the Yogi-pratyaksa' of the Buddhist. XI. The Liberated State And Omniscience: The Jaina View. That the unliberated Jiva's wandering in the Samsara are not Omniscient is a matter of common experience and has been admitted in the Jaina philosophy, just in all other systems. There is a remarkable unanimity between the Jaina's who repudiate the authority of the Veda's and the Mimamsaka's who are firm supporters of the Vedic orthodoxy and ritualism, regarding the doctrines that the Jiva's have been wandering from the beginningless time in the Samsara, driven by the forces of their Karma's and that there is no Creator of this universe. But although the Jaina's agree with the Mimamsaka's in admitting the inexorableness of the law of Karma and repudiating the creatorship or the Governorship of lyvara, they do not like to be looked upon as atheists like the latter. In the theistio schools of the Vedis philosophy, besides the creation of the world, another function is ascribed to God. The Veda's are the source of Dharma' i, o.. the knowledge of duty and God is said to be the author or the revealer of the Veda's. Accordingly, God is the Seer of the Dharma and the first Teacher. While proving the Omniscience and the Omnipotence of
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________________ Omniscient Beings Brahman ("Sarvajnatvam Sarva-Saktitvanceti'), Sankara quotes from the Sruti: "Asya mahato bhutasya -nihyvasitametad. yadrgvedahand says that the Veda's and the scriptures have, like breath, emerged from the Great Being,-the Isvara or the Brahman. In describing the infallibility of the Veda's, the author of the Nyayu-Sutra's says-- "Tat-pramanyamapta-pramanyat" 2-1-68, Nyaya-Sutram. The infallibility of the Veda's is due to the infallibility of the Apta. Here the word * Apta ' refers to the Vedareciter (Veda-vakta'). Isvara, who is Saksatksta-dharma' i, e, the direct knower of the Dharma and a faithful Teacher of what he knows -- " Yatha-drstasyarthasya cekhyapayisay& prayukta upadosta." Kanada also has referred to the teachership of God in the very same manner " Tadvacanadamnayasya " 1-1-3 Vaibesika-Sutram. Amnaya or the Veda's are words of God. Their infallibility arises from the infallibility of God. With reference to the teachership of God, the author of the Yoga-sutra's has said, "Sa purvesimapi guruh, kalenanavacchodat. " Yoga-sutram : Samadhi-padah, 26. That beginningless Being is the teacher, even of the early teachers. (e. g. Brahma ). Although the Jaina's do not admit an Isvara, who is the worldoreator, they do admit a perfect human Being who is the best of teachers. This perfect Being is called the . Tirthamkara' and the Jaina's call him isvara 'i. e.; God. The teachings of the Tirthamkara are not of course the Rh. the Yajus, the Sama or Atharva ( which are repudi. ated by the Jaina's) but are certainly the best authorities on matters philosophical, ethical and religious. The Jaina's call the teachings of the Tirthamkara God, the Jaina Veda and according to them, it is the Jaina Voda which alone embodies the true teachings of the ture God and as such, is the real, infallible Voda : In this way, the Jaina's
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________________ 802 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha show that they are not opposed to the doctrine of the Veda-reciter," Omniscient God. With all this, however, it is obvious that there is essential difference between the 'Isvara' of the Jaina's and the 'Isvara' of Vedic school. The God of the Jaina's is not the creator of the world, he was originally a mortal human being, who through self-culture and self-development attained God-hood, consisting in teachership. The Tirthamkara Gods are also more than one in number. The God of the Vedic school, on the contrary, is the world-creator and from "eternity to eternity" is the one ever-free Lord, revealing the Veda's in the early dawn of the cosmic creation. The Tirthamkara, otherwise called the 'Arhat' is then the Isvara', according to the Jaina's, who is the author of the Veda's (of course, the Jaina scriptures). By admitting in this way the doctrine of the authorship and of the teachership of the Veda's, the Jaina's distinguish their view from that of the Mimamsaka's, according to which, the Veda's are uncreate and self existent. Regarding the question of the 'Mukti' or final emancipation also, the Jaina and the Mimamsa views are different. According to the Mimamzaka's, a good, well-behaved and dutiful man on his death goes to heavens and enjoys the best happiness. 'Mukti' or complete liberation, however, is inattainable. According to the Mimamsaka thinker, the 'Samsara" or the existential series is not only beginningless but endless also. the Jaina's, on the contrary, main. tain that save and except the Abhavya' Jiva's (who can never attain the complete emancipation), all Souls are capable of attaining libertion. A Soul, when liberated, is possessed of 'Kevala-Jnana', which is nothing other than Omniscience. ( Besides the disembodied perfect Beings who are completely free and are Omniscient, according to the Jaina's, as stated above, a highly developed Being, while in body, may attain Omniscience also. The Tirthamkara's were such Beings who attained Omniscience, while they lived, moved and had their being still in this world. This Jaina doctrine of Omniscience in a Being who is not yet disembodied, is obviously akin to the theories of the other Indian schools, according to which Omniscience is possible before final liberation. A liberated Soul is Omniscient according to the Jaina's. On this
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________________ Omniscient Beings point and, it seems to us, on the question of the nature of Omniscience in Souls which have attained it, the Jaina's differ from the other Indian schools. In most of the philosophical systems of India, other than the Jaina, Omniscience has not been attributed to a liberated Soul. It is ture that in the Vedantic systems except that of the Advaita school, Omniscience has been attributed to a liberated Soul, But as we have already pointed out, Omniscience in such a Soul seems to be of a limited type, In the Yoga and other systems also, Omniscience has been attributed to Souls, about to attain the final liberation. But in the case of these Souls also. Omniscience seems to be limited. The Omniscience attributed to the liberated Souls by the Jaina's, on the contrary, is perfect, unrestricted and unlimited. It seems to us that the Omniscience, attributed to the liberated Souls by the Jaina's resembles that attributed to the Isvara by the Vedio theistic sohools. According to the Jaina's the Jiva's are Omniscient, by nature, Just as pure and clear water becomes muddy on being mixed with olay, in the same manner, the naturally Omniscient Jiva's wander in the Samsara in an inomniscient state of knowledge, being polluted by the dirt of Karma. As soon as the clay is removed, water resumes its olearness and purity; in the same way, the Jiva's also resume their pure state of Omniscience, when they succeed in removing the Karma - impurities from them by dint of self-culture and self-development, The liberation of a Jiva means its liberation from the influence of Karma. In the liberated state of a Soul, all Karma-forces covering pure knowledge and Omniscience are absolutely set aside. Accordingly, . Moksa' or liberation has been described as,--- "Samastavarana-Ksayapeksam " 2, 23, Pramana-naya-tattvalukalamkara. i, e., dependent on a complete annihilation of all (the Karma's ) that cover (knowledge ); Kevala-Jnana arises in the Soul automatically as soon as these obstacles or Karma-coverings are removed from it. Kevala-Jnana is Omniscience and as conceived by the Jaina's, it is not at all limited in any way"Nikbila-dravya-paryaya-Saksatkari-Svarupam Kevala-Jnanam." 2-23, Pramana-naya-tattvalokalamkara.
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________________ bhIma vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pratha Omniscience consists in a direct apprehension of all the things with all their modes. In a liberated Soul are directly revealed and clearly known all the things of the universe, past, present and future with all their infinite qualitis, modes and aspects. Omniscience, as conceived by the Jaina's, is thus unlimited, infinite, unrestricted and all-embracing. It seems to us, that such an Omniscience might have been attributed to Isvara by some of the theistic systems of India ; but none of them appear to have thought it possible in a Soul, either as emancipated or as approaching emancipation.
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________________ JNANA DARSANA & CARITRA IN JAINISM By Dr. B. C. Law, M. A., LL, B., Ph. D., D. Litt. Right belief, right knowledge and right conduct, constitute the path to liberation and they are called three gems in Jainism, as the Buddha (the Enlightened ), Dharma ( the Doctrine ) and Sangha (the order) are recognised in Buddhism as three gems (ratnatraya). Each of them can be considered in its threefold aspect, e. g., the subject, the object and the means. The knowledge which embraces concisely or in details the predicaments as they are in themselves is called the right knowledge and without which right conduct is impossible. (Nahar and Ghosh, An epitome of Jainism, p. 35). In right knowledge there is the knower, the known, and the means of knowing. In right belief there is the believer, that which is believed and the means of believing. In right conduct there is the pursuer of conduct, conduct itself, and the means of conducting. The right belief is the basis upon which the other two rest. It is the cause and right knowledge is the effect. Right conduct is caused by right knowledge and implies both right knowledge and right belief. Right knowledge proceeds from right vision by a coherent train of thought and reasoning and which can lead to right conduct without which the attainment of the goal in vision will be impossible. The five kinds of knowledge are the following: (1) knowledge through the instrumentality of sense, (2) knowledge derived from the study of scriptures, ( 3 ) direct knowledge of matter within the limits of time and space, (4) direct knowledge of other's thoughts and ( 5 ) perfect knowledge. The five kinds of conduct according to the Sutrakritanga (1, 1, 4, 10-13) are the following : Equanimity, recovery of equanimity after a downfall, pure and absolute non-injury, all but entire freedom from passion, and ideal and passionless state. Right belief, right knowledge, right conduot, and right austerities are called the aradhanas. Right belief depends on the acquaintance with truth, on the devotion to those who know the truth, and on the avoiding of schismatical and heretical
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________________ bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha tenets. There is no right conduct without right belief, and it must * be cultivated for obtaining right faith; righteousness and conduct originate together or righteousness precedes conduct. 1 Samyakdarsana is of two kinds : (1) belief with attachment, having the following signs: calmness (prasama), fear of mundane existence in five cycles of wanderings ( samvega ), substance (dravya ), place (ksetra ), time (kala ), thought-activity (bhava ) and compassion towards all living beings (anukampa ); and the second kind of samyakdarsana is belief without attachment (the purity of the soul itself ). The right belief is attained by intuition and acquisition of knowledge from external souroes, it is the result of subsidence ( upasama ), destruction-subsidence (ksayopasama ) and destruction of right belief deluding karma (darsanamohaniya karma ). Right belief is not identical with faith. It is reasoned knowledge. Adhigama is knowledge which is derived from intuition, external sources, e. g., precepts and scriptures. It is attained by means of prainana and nnya. Pramana is nothing but direct or indirect evidence for testing the knowledge of the self and the non-self. Naya is nothing but & standpoint which gives partial knowledge of a thing in some of its aspects. Right knowledge is of five kinds : (1) knowledge through sonsegknowledge of the self and the non-self through the agency of the senses of mind; (2) knowledge derived from the study of the scriptures; (3) direct knowledge of matter in various degrees with reference to subject-matter, space, time, and quality of the object known; (4) direct knowledge of thoughts of others, simple or complex; and (5) perfect knowledge. Knowledge ( antaraya)," belief, charity, gain, enjoyment, re-enjoyment power, faith and conduct are the nine kinds of energies (viryas. ). The road to final deliverance depends on four causes and is 1 Uttaradhyayanasutra, XXVIII, 28-29 : Paramatthagamthavo va saditthaparamatthasevanam va vit Vavannakudamsanavajjan ya gammattasaddabanali Natthi carittam Bammattavihunam damgane u bhaiyavvam Sammattacarittaim jugavam puvvam va sammattami 2 Tattvarthadigamasutra, Jacobi's Ed., p. 536.
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________________ 200 Juana Dargana & Caritra in Jainism characterised by right knowledge and faith. The road as taught by the Jinas consists of (1) right knowledge, (2) faith, (3) conduct and (4) austerities. Human beings will obtain beatitude by following this road. According to the Sutrakritanga knowledge is also derived from perception (abhinibodhika ). It is derived from one's own experience, thought or understanding. It is also derived from supernatural know. ledge (avadhi-Kalpasutra of Bhadrababu, 15-Ohina abhoemane ). Manahparyaya or the knowledge of the thoughts of others and Kovala or the highest and unlimited knowledge are included in the category of fivefold knowledge. Knowledge of the distant non-sensible in time or space possessed by divine and internal souls is one of the five kinds of knowledge. The Buddhist antanantajnana is evidently the same term as Jaina avadhijnana. The Buddhist aparisesa* occurring as a predicate of unlimited knowledge and vision is just the synonym of the Jain term Revala wbioh is nothing but the highest knowledge and intuition, Samyakdarsana or right faith consists in an insight into the meaning of truths as proclaimed and taught, a mental perception of the excellence of the system as propounded, a personal conviction as to the greatness and goodness of the teacher, and a ready acceptance of certain articles of faith for one's own guidance. It is intended to remove all doubts and scepticism from one's mind and to establish or re-establish faith. It is such a form of faith as is likely to inspire action by opening a new vista of life and its perfection. Right faith on the one hand and inaction, vacillation, on the other, are mutually incompatible. The Buddhist idea of right view (sammaditthi) conveys the sense of faith or belief rather than that of any metaphysical view or theory. It is in some sugh sense that the Jains use the term sammadansana. The Buddhist sammaditt hi suggests an article of faith which consists in the acceptance of the belief that there is such & thing as gift, that there is such a thing as sacrifice eto? There cannot be right faith unless there is a clear pre-perception of the moral, intellectual or spiritual situation which is to arise. Right faith is that * Apprises. D. S. Lodha. 1 Majjhima, I, 28s 8,
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________________ COC bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha form of faith which is only a stepping stone to knowledge (panna or prajna). Jnana, darsana and charitra (knowledge, faith and virtue ) are the three terms that signify the comprehensiveness of Jainism &8 taught by Mahavira. One should learn the true road leading to final deliverance which the Jinas have taught. It depends on four causes and is characterised by right knowledge and faith. Right knowledge, faith, conduct, and austerities; this is the road taught by the Jinas who possess the best knowledge. Beings who follow this road will obtain beatitude. The Uttaradhyayansutra (XXVIII, 2-3 ) adds austerities as the fourth to the usual earlier list of three terms, namely, right knowledge, faith and conduct. The first kind of knowledge in Jainism corresponds to what the Buddhists call sutama panna; the second kind, to what they call chitama panna; the third kind, to what they call vilokana; the fourth kini, to what they call cetopariyaya nana; and the fifth kind, to what they call sabbannuta or ominiscience consisting in three faculties; of reviewing and recalling to mind all past existences with details, of perceiving the destiny of other beings according to their deeds, and of being conscious of the final des. truction of sins. Avadhijnana is rather knowledge which is co extensive with the object other than knowledge which is supernatural Avadhi here means that which is just sufficient to survey the field of observation, The manahparyayajnana is defined in the Acharanga sutra (II, 15. 23 ) as a knowledge of the thoughts of all sentient beings. Kevalajnana is defined therein as omniscience enabling a person to comprehend all objects, and to know all conditions of the world of gods, men and demons.* Knowledge as represented in the Jaina Angas is rather 1 Uttaarudhyayanasutra, XVIII, 1-3: Mokhamaggagaim, taccam sunsha Jinabhasiyam 1 Caukuranasamjuttam nanadamsanalakithanam u Nanam ca dambanam ceva carittam cu tavotaha! Esa maggu tti pannatto Jinehim Varadamsihim ! Nanam ca damsanam ceva carittam ca tavo taha i Eyamaggamanuppatta Jivagacchanti soggaim 1 2 Jainasutras, S.B.E , II, 162, 3. Cf. Kalpasutra, 15. 4. Agaranga, II, 16. 25, 18.
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________________ Jiana Darsana & Caritra in Jainism religious vision intention or wisdom than knowledge in a metaphysioal sense. A man of knowledge is a man of faith and a man of faith is a man of action. Virtue consists in right conduct. There is no right conduct without right belief and no right belief without the right perception of truth. The Sutrakritanga (1, 1, 2. 27 points out that the threefold restraint namely, the restraint as regards body, speech, and mind, can enable a person to achieve the purity of morals, which is the quite essence of right conduct. The first step to virtue lies in the avoidance of sins. There are three ways of committing sins : (1) by one's own activity; (2) by commission; and (3) by approval of the deed. The cardinal principles of charitra as taught by Mahavira may be thus summed up: not to kill anything, to live according to the rules of conduct and without greed, to take care of the highest good, to control oneself always in walking, sitting and lying down, and in the matter of food and drink, to get rid of pride, wrath, deceit and greed, to possess the samitis, 3 to be protected by the five samvaras, and to reach perfection by remaining unfettered among the fettered.: Right knowledge, faith and conduct, which are the three essential 1. Uttaradhyayanasutra, XXVIII, 28. 29. 2. Sutrakritanga, I, I. 2. 26. 3. The five Samitis and three guptis constitute eight articles of the Jain Creed. They are the means of self-control (Of. Uttaradhayayanasutra, XXIV, 1). The five samitis are the following: (1) & man who would be holy must take the greatest care whenever he walks anywhere, not to injure any living thing (Iryasamiti; ); (2) one must gusrd the words of one's mouth (bhasasamiti); (3) circumspection must be exercised about all matters connected with eating (eshan samiti); (4) a holy man (sudhu ) must be careful to possess only five cloths (adananiksepan samiti); (5) a careful disposal of rubbish and refuse is one of the ways of preventing karma being acquired (Utsargasamiti or parishthapanikasamiti-S. Stevenson, Heart of Jainism, pp. 145 ff.). 4. Samvara means the prevention of sins by watchfulness. It is the principle of self-control by which the influx of sins is checked. The category of samvara comprehends the whole sphere of right conduct. It is an aspect of tapas. Some hold that it is the gradual cessation of the influx into the soul along with the development of knowledge. 8. Sutrakritanga, 1, 1. 4. 10-13.
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjandrasUri-smAraka-graMtha points in the teachings of Mahavira, constitute the path of Jainism, leading to the destruction of Karma and to perfection (siddhi ). 1 Here destruction means the exhaustion of accumulated effects of action in the past and the stoppage of the future rise of such effects. By the teaching of right knowledge, by the avoidance of ignorance and delusion and by the destruction of love and hatred, one arrives at deliverance which is not bing but bliss. Obstruction to knowledge is fivefold : (a) obstruction to knowledge derived from sacred books ( sutra ); (b) obstruction to perception (abhinibodhika '; (c) obstruction to supernatural knowledge ( avadhijnana ); (d) obstruction to knowledge of the thoughts of others ( manahparyaya ) and (e) obstruction to the highest, unlimited knowledge (kevala ). The following are the different kinds of obstruction to right faith; sleup (nidra ), sleep in activity (prachala ), very deep sleep (nidranidra ), a high degree of sleep in activity ( prachalaprachala ), and a state of deep-rooted greed (tbinaddhi) Mohaniya is twofold as referring to faith and conduct. The three kinds of mohaniya referring to faith are right faith ( sammattam ), wrong faith/ (micchat,am ) and faith partly right and partly wrong ( sammamicchattam ). The two kinds of mohaniya referring to conduct are : (1) what is experienced in the form of the four cardinal passions and (2) what is experienced in the form of feelings different from them, a Right knowledge is, in fact, kuowledge of the Jain creed. When right knowledge is possessed, one can know what virtue is and what vows he ought to keep. To hold the truth as truth and the untruth as untruth, this is true faith. To a monk, right conduct means the absolute keeping of the five great vows 3 His conduct should be perfect for he must follow the conduct laid down for him in every particular. A lay man is only expected to possess partial conduct, for so long as he is not a professed monk, he cannot be absolutely perfect in con 1. Ibid, 1, 2. 1. 21, 22. 2 Uttaradhyayana sutra, XXXIII, 5-10. 8 (a) abstinence from killing living beings (Cf. Buddhist panatiputa veramani), (b) avoidance of falsehood (Of. Buddhist musavadu veramani), (c) avoidance of theft ( adinnidanu veramani ), (d) freedom from possessions (Cf. Buddhist Jataru parajatupatiggahana veramani ), and (e) chastity (For details vide Law, Indological Studies, Pt. III, pp. 248 ff.)
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________________ Jnana Darsana & Caritra in Jainism duct. Right conduct can be ruined by three evil darts ( shalya ), the first of these is intrigue or fraud (mayashalya) for no one can gain a good character whose life is governed by deveit. Even in holy matters e. g., fasting, intrigue can make itself felt. The next poisonous dart is false belief (mithyatv tshalya) which consists in holding & false god to be a true one, a false guru to be a true guru, and a false religion to be a true religion; by so doing one absolutely injures right knowledge and right faith which lead to right conduct. Covetousness (nidanashalya ) is the third poisonous dart which destorys right conduct. When a maa is performing austerities, if he admits some such worldly thought into his mind us after this austerity I may have gained sufficient merit to become a king or a rich merchant', that very reflection being stained with covetousness, has destroyed, like a poisonous dart, all the merit that he might have gained through the act; in the same way if a man indulges vindictive thoughts when he is performing austerities, the fruit of his action is lost, no merit is acquired and no karma destroyei.? The Jains believe in right knowledge, right faith and right conduct referring to an impersonal system, each of the Christian jewels, Faith, Hope and Love, refers to a per. sonal Redeemer. It is interesting to note ihat the Jain religion enshrines po faith in a supreme deity; but for the christian the dark problems of sin and suffering are lit up by his faith in the character and power of God which ensure the ultimate triumph of righteousnes 3. In Jainism Hope is almost & meaningless word, but in Christianity the present circumstances of a human being and his future are alike bathed in the golden sunshine of Hope, so that hopefulness may be said to be the very centre of the christian creed and the foundation of its joy. In Jainism love to a porsonal god would be an attachment that could only bind him faster to the cyolo of re-birth, but in Chri. stianity Love is the fulfilling of the law and it is in its light that the Christians treat the upward path." In Jainism faith is produced by Nature ( nisarga ), instruction (upadesa ), command (ajna. ), study of the sotras, suggestion (bija ), comprehension of the meaning of the sacred lore ( abhigama ), comp 1 S. Stevenson, The Heart of Jainism, 245 ff. 2. Ibid., 247 ff.
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________________ Jnana Darbana & Caritra in Jainism the only thing which preserved faith from getting perverted and from disappearing.? Asvaghosa's graddha or faith is the frst of five indriyas and balas of Buddhism. The representation of srddha as the seed of higher life is thoroughly Buddhistic. With the canonical dictum saddha bijam, it was easy for Asvaghosa to elaborate the idea as contained in his Saundarananda-avya (Canto XII, 18. 39-413; (of. Saddha btjam tapo vutthi, panna me yuganangalam ). It has been pointed out by Asvaghoga that of the eight factors that constitute the noble Eightfold path right speech, right action and right livelihood are to be practised for the mastery of the actions Silasrayam karmaparigrahaya ); right view, right resolve, and right effort are to be practised in the sphere of knowledge for the destruction of passions causing affiictions (prajnasrayam klesapariksayaya ); and right mindfulness and right concentration are to be practised in the sphere of tranquillity for the control of mind ( samasrayam chittaparigrahaya ). Broadly speaking, the noble Eightfold path is the development of the five controlling faculties and powers called sraddha (faith ), virya (onergy ), smriti ( mindfulness ), samadhi (concentration ) and prajna ( knowledge or wisdom ). 1. Anguttara, I, pp. 16-17; vide al8o Buddhistic studies Ed. B C. Law, Ch. XII. 2 Saundarananda-avya, XII, 89. 3 Punasca bijamityukta nimittam freyasotpada i Pavanarthena Papasya nadityabhibita punahi Yasmaddharmasya cotpattau Sraddha Karapamuttamami Mayokta karyatastasmat tatra tatra tathe tatha it Sraddhankuramimam tasmat Samvardhayitumarhasi tad Vriddhau Vardhate dharmo mulavriddhau yath& drumah it 4 Of, Suttanipata, P. T. S., p. 13; V. 77.
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________________ CULTURAL RELATIONS BETWEEN INDIA & JAPAN By Kijiro Miyake, Counsellor, Embassy of Japan in India, New Delhi. Indo-Japanese cultural relations date back for several centuries, It was entirely built on the imperishable and solid structure of religious understanding based on the moral values of life. It is indeed a matter for deep consolation that despite the passage of difficult times in the history of the modern world, this centuries old cordial relations between India and Japan have assumed today wider forms in an atmosphere of mutual understanding and peaceful intentions for the progressive realisation of lasting peace and prosperity to the peoples of both the countries. The revival of the old cultural relations between India and Japan in the post-war-world and the strengthening of the existing bonds in all spheres of life, both material and spiritual, will contribute greatly to the moral and material awakening and prosperity of the peoples in habiting these two foremost countries of Asia. In the development of the existing happy relations between India and Japan, it should not be forgotten, that cultural influences of India have played an important role in the thoughts and national aspirations of the Japanese people. Similarly, the indigenous national ideals and certain historical forces of Japan forming her industrial progress, techonological and scientific advancement and independent outlook in life, if I am permitted to state, have also influenced the Indian people to look forward with hope in their march for freedom and to be united with Japan in their aspirations and ideals of life. It is my pious wish that this unity and good relations between us will grow from day to day not only for the happiness and welfare of the people of India and Japan but also of the world at large Let us for a while look back to our ancient past. While India was undergoing religious revival under the spiritual guidance of Lord Mabavira and Gautama, the Buddha some twenty-five centuries ago, Japan was also experiencing religious ferment under the guidance of her teachers representing our ancient culture, which is known today
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________________ Cultural Relations Between India & Japan 815 as Shintoism, the national cult of Japan. I an happy to state that there exists a close affinity between some of the basic teachings of Japan's ancient teachers and the venerable teachers of this country. This affinity in the religious and cultural ideals of India and Japan have brought out the existing unity and cordial relations in our way of life and national aspirations in the post-war world, Let me cite below two dictums of the ancient teachers of Japan representing our Yamato culture. These sayings are from KOJIKI. an old work containing some of the teachings of Japan's ancient masters: "Nothing in all the world calls for such gratitude as sincereity. Through oneness in Sincereity, the men of the four seas are brothers". "All men (all within the four seas) are brothers. All rece. ive the blessings of heaven. The sufferings of those are my sufferings; the good of those ar@ my good". The above utterances of Muniteda, one of the foremost teachers of the Yamato culture are probably 3000 years old. They contain the essential teachings of all that is noble and best in Jainism and Buddhism. Needless to say, the close affinity that exists between the teachings of Mahavira, Buddha and those of Japan's ancient teachers will be apparent to all students of world religions. It will be interesting to know some more important aspects of the Japanese culture because of its close affinity with Indian culture, Before Buddhism was introduced in Japan, our ancestors followed Shintoism or the "Ways of the Gods" The main tenets of our national cult are ancestor worship, paying homage to the rulers of the land and to cultivate the spirit of patriotism, The Shinto rituals included animal sacrifice to the deities and the spirits of the dead. Another noteworthy feature of the Japanese culture was the Bushido or the " Ways of the Knights." The rules of the knights are many, but the most important are the "ten ways of a gentleman or Samurai.'' These rules are, namely, self-control, wisdom, charity, justice, courage, benevolence, politness, honour, loyalty and love of learning. The main objective of Bushido was to make everyone an ideal man,' the 'perfect
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-praya man,' the Universal man' or the 'Adarsha purusha,' and the 'Uttama Purusha' of Indian culture. As far as I have come to understand from my short study of Indian culture, it was for the realisation of the above objective that the saints and sages of ancient India had formulated the various systems of ethics and philosophy. There are many other common features in the Yamato and Indian cultures. All these social customs and religious ideals prove beyond doubt that Indians and Japanese belong to the common stock with identical national and spiritual aspirations in life. . Jainulogy has not penetrated the shores of Japan. But some research scholars in India think that the teachings of Mahavira, the last Teacher of the Jaina religion bave influenced Lo-tse, the old Master of China, to formulate the Taoist ideals of life. I do not know how far this view is correct as evidence is wanting to prove this theory. On the other hand, if this theory can be proved, it can be safely asserted that Jain cultural ideals have influenced Japan through Taoism, which was introduced in our country long before we heard of Buddhism from Korea and China. Japan is indebted to India for her cultural heritage. Japan knew tbe tenets of the Buddha in or about the 6 th century A.D. Today, there are more than 12 sects of Buddhists in my country and more than five crores of the people are followers of the Buddha. Japan is one of the foremost countries in Asia where Buddhistic traditions. both of the Hinayana and Mahayana are well preserved. I pay my homage to Lord Mabavira, the Prince of Peace and the last Teacher of the Jaina religion. Indo-Japanese cultural cooperation is an indispensable factor for developing international peace. May the people of India and Japan unite together to achieve this noble end. **
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________________ The Doctrine of Jainism Alledgedly Introduced by Aryadeva by Hajime Nakamura-Professor of Indian Philosophy, University of Tokyo, Japan . Aryadeva (c. 170-270), the Buddhist Philosopher, who was a pupil of Nagarjuna, was an ardent polemist against heresies. He mentioned twenty heresies in the sastra by the Bodhisattva Arya-Deva on the Explanation of Nirvana by [ Twenty ] Heretical and Hinayana [ Teachers] Mentioned in the Larka ( avatara ]-sutra (
Nanjio 1260 ). 8 work ascribed to Aryadeva. This work was written in Sanskrit, but the original text was lost, and a Chinese version alone is extant. This work classifies the nirvana-theories of heretics mentioned in the Lankavatarasutra into twenty species. There is some doubt as to whether the escription is correct, but since it was translated by Bodhi. ruci (508-539 ) we must assume that it had been composed at least as early as the fifth century A.D. In this work the doctrine of Jainism is mentioned as the thirteenth herosy. The doctrine is set forth very briefly as follows: "The teachers of the Nirgranthas, the thirteenth heretios set forth the following doctrine. "In the beginning of the universe) there were born a man and a woman. These two got together, and gave birth to all beings, both animate and inanimate (jiva and ajiva). In the later period these beings are destructed and dissolved. This situation is called nirvana. Therefore the Nirgranthas hold the theory that the meeting together of male and female, giving birth to all beings, is called the cause of nirvana." As so far is the theory ascribed to the Nirgranthas, this scription 1 Cf. Najio's edition, Bombun Nyu Ryogakyo (=Bibliotheca Otaniensis I, Kyoto, 1923, pp. 182 (line 15)-184 (line 14). 93
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________________ The Doctrine of Jainism Alledgedly Introduced by Aryadova (fe Here we find the theory of anekantavada or syadvada. I have just introduced the two passages which I hope that com. petent scholars would elucidate dubious points. The fourth heresy mentioned in the game work also seems to be somewhat relevent to the doctrine of Jainism. "To assert that all things are not both (not of both characters ) is the theory held by the teachers of Jnatiputra."..... Question : How do the teachers of Jratiputra assert that all things are not both ? Answer: To assert that all things are not both is as follows: All things cannot be described as one, nor different; for, otherwise one would be involved into both the extremes (anta ). As all the teachers who assert that all things are one, or different, or both, are beset with defects, intelligent men do not entertain any of the abovementioned three theories. Question: What are the defects ! Angwer: If there is no darkness separate from light, then darkness would disappear, when light disappears. (On the other hand ), if there is darkness separate from light, then there must be darkness which is not light, and there must be light which is not darkness, Therefore, we do not set forth any of the assertions that all things are one, or different, or both, However, we do not mean that guch notions as "one", "different", or "both " do not exist at all. (Taisho-Tripitaka, vol. 32, p. 155. ) I am not quite sure what is meant by this passage. It is likely that this passage refers to the theory of a branch of Jainism or Ajivikas.
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________________ THE ANUTTARA UPAPATIKA SUTRA. Prof. K. H. Kamdar, M. A., Baroda. The Anuttaropapatika-343 gafas 5-is the nineth Anga-aj-of the canonical literature of the Jains and it is the immediate successor of the Antakrita Dashanga Sutra-3-agatat 25. It has no pretension to a discussion of Jain philosophy. On the other hand it records the lives of thirty-three devoted disciples-3-aart of Mahavira, the last and twenty-fourth Tirthankara. The contents of the Sutra are reported to have been delivered by Sudharma, gaaf, Mahavira's fifth Ganadhara, out, to his inquisitive disciple, q Jambu, at the Gunasbila Chaitya usia in the city of Rajagriha, the capital of king Shrenikaenfura of Magadha or Bihar, Bimbisar fafaalt of the Shishunaga-fal dynasty. Sudharma was ordained as Anagara - 3 by Mahavira at the age of fifty. He remained as such for full thirty years and became Kevalin at twelve years after Mahavira's death or Nirvana. He died at the age of one hundred years. By birth Sudharma was a Brahmin; his father's and mother's names were respectively Dhamilladhammila and Bhadilla-mahilA and he hailed from the Sannivesha-panniveza of Kollaka-. The Sutra narrates in thirty-three lessons or Adhyayanas-291947, the lives as monks of an equal number of persons. They practised severe penance under Mahavira's permission and their souls were born as gods in the last BTA Vimanas where they should live for thirtytwo Sagaropamas- TTH. Then they should take birth as men in the Maha Videha-haifata ta from which they should attain fatafo-complete liberation from re-birth. The Vimanas are, according Jain cosmology : Vijaya-vijaya, Vaijayanta-vaijayanta, Jayanta-jayanta. Aparajita-aparAjita and Sarvartba Siddha-watefas It is significant that Mahavira should have placed the destiny of his devoted Antevasis one step backward, inspite of the severest penance which they went through. They were not of the erana FTI-the final stage in the cycle of life. Evidently he wanted to emphasize the superiority of knowledge-Jnana-2017 over penance-29&=It should be remembered that the sutra refers to the thirty three persons
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________________ The Anuttara Upapatika Sutra 821 as "Antevasis ". The words were uttered by Mabavira's first and most devoted Ganadhara, Gautama who was eager to know the future desting of each one of the great thirtythree souls. This is also significant. The monks studied at the feet of Mahavira and were his pets. The actual text of the Sutra is extraordinarily brief, although it is divided into three Vargas-art, comprising respectively ten, thirteen and again ten-37844a-lessons or studies. The result is that it avoids repetitions, and leaves the reader to gather information from the first lesson for all the remaining lessons. Being the niaeth in order, the Sutra is anterior to Jnata, Bhagavati, etc. to which the reader is referred for the same subject. Abhayadeva Suri of the Chandra Gachcha and the disciple of Jineshwar Suri wrote a sanskrit commentary on this Sutra. It is in. complete in the sense that it does not explain or transliterate each sentence of the text. The text and the commentary were published by the Agamodaya Samiti of Surat in 1920 A. D. and by the Atma. nanda Sabba of Bhavnagar in 1921 A D. Gujarati translations also are available. The Jain Shastroddharaka Samiti of Rajkot published the text in 1948 A. D. with Gujarati and Hindi translations and a full Sanskrit commentary with orthodox annotations by Mani Ghisalalji. How modest as commentator and exigist Abhayadevs Suri was can be gathered from the following verses which he gave at the end of his commentaries on this and the Vipaka fania Sutras:-- ihAnuyoge yadayuktamuktam , tat dhIdhanA drAk parizodhayantu / nopekSaNaM yuktimadana yena, jinAgame bhaktiparAyaNAnAm / / Abhayadeva Suri was ordained as monk in Vikrama Samvat 1088 at the age of ten years and he died in Vikram Samvat, 1135, at Kapadavanj, Khaira district, Gujarat. In the history of the exigesis of Jain Agamas, he is known as the exigist and commentator of nine angas. (Prabhavaka Charita 261-272 in Abhayadeva Prabandha ). Out of the thirty-three disciples referred to in the Sutra, twenty were princes of royal blood, sons of King Shrenika. Of these, seventeen were born of queen Dharini. Their names were : (1) Jali-T7 (2) Mayali-us (3) Upajali-39a (4) Purushasena-geraa (5) Varishena-aifao (6) Dirghadanta-ataka (?) Lashtadanta-gant (8) DirghaSona-etata ( 9 ) Mahasena-ngida ( 10 ) Gudha
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________________ 62 bhImad vijayarAjendrasari smAraka-graMtha danta-Team ( 11 ) Shuddhadanta-y&pa ( 12 ) Halla-a ( 13 ) Druma-g# ( 14 ) Drumasena-Faha ( 15 ) Mahadruma Sena-A19 99 ( 16 ) Mabasinha sena- gifagua and ( 17 ) Punya sena-gozha, of the remaining three sons of Shrenika, two princes-Vehalla-aco and Vaihayasa-arre were born of queen Chellana, while the last, the famous Abhaya, was born of queen Nanda-7721. The first seven sons of Dharini are mentioned in the first Varga while the remaining ten are mentioned in the second Varga. Queen Dharini thus presented to King Shrenika according to this description in all 17 sons. It will be seen that two of them bore a common name, Lashtadanta. May be, the king had two queens bearing a common name, that is Dharini. The Visheshya Danta', appears in four names. May be, it might refer to a physical deformity !! The confusion in recording names is not improbable. It might bave been committed when the contents of the Sutra were reduced to writing. Several hundred years after Sudharma co-ordinated them in the Sutra form. A common name, in this insuance again of a mother, but for different individuals occurs in this Sutra in the second and third Vargas or chapters. The common name is that of Bhadra-1 a Sarthavahini-that is a woman who did prosperous business as leader of caravans. Ten different Bhadras happened to be the mothers of (1) Dhanna and (2) Sunakshatra-qat of the city of Kakandi- at, (3) Rishidas (4) Pellaka-166 ( 5 ) Vehalla of Rajagriha ( 6 ) Rama. putra (7) Chandrika of Saketa, (8) Prishtimatrika-TIEAITA and (9) Pedhalaputra-hanga of Vanijyagrama (10) Pottilla-fes of Hastinapura. Between the lines we read fathers' name for Ramaputra and Pedhalaputra. This was very common in that age. The text records in the form of Sutra the institution of polygamy. Dhanna married thirty-two wives and the marriages were performed on the same day. His mother, Bhadra, had got built for him thirtytwo well-furnished palatial quarters. sA bhaddA satthavAhI........battIsaM vAsAyaDiMsae kArei abUbhuggayabhUsie jAva tesiM majjhe egaM bhavanaM aNegakhaMbhasayasanniviTTha // (sA bhadrA sArthavAhI dvAtriMzataM prAsAdAvataMsakAn kArayati abhyudgatAnucchitAn yAvat teSAM madhye ekaM bhavanamanekastaMbhazatasanniviSTam )
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________________ 823 The Anuttara Upapatika Sutra The prevalence of polygamy suggests that in the big cities and amongst the well-to-do castes of north India, specially amongst the Vaishyas and Khsatriyas, and even amongst the Brahmins the number of women was far greater than the number of men ! Children born in affluent families were looked after by aiat nurses acoording to their age. The festivities in connection with the admission of the devotees to the order of monks were often led by rulers of states, whore, Jitashatru etc. Such leadership is assigned elsewhere to Shri Krishna of Dwarka. I may now refer to an important fact which has been recorded in the Sutra. We are told that each one of the thirty-three Antevasis, when he saw that the end was fast impending of his earthly existence, thanks to the extremely severe penance which he had been practising under Mahavira's permission, went to mount Vipula-fagas to go through the last stage of the penancenamely udaar. He was accompanied by senior monks-refar who kept in attendance on him day and night. These Sthaviras kept to their duty till the penance was completed and the monk was dead. Then they prayed, recited the Navakkara mantra and descending on to the plains below, presented to Mahavira-3197 #15a-the pots (of wood) which were used by the deceased. Thus Mount Vipula near the city of Rajagriha was reserved for the performance of the last phase of the penance. ||therehiN saddhi viulaM dUruhai, mAsiyA salehaNA, nava mAsapariyAo, jAva kAlamAse kAlaM siJcA uDDhe dUraM vIIvaittA savaTThasiddhe vimANe devatAe, uvavaNNe, thera therA taheva oyaraMti jAva ime se AyArabhaMDae / / The Sutra pays the most eloquent tribute to the severity of Dhanna's penance. The entire narrative is exceedingly insotrutive on account of its rhapsody and rherotics and the comparisions which are instituted by the narrator. I give the comparision for the readers' enlightenment. The exaggeration of the description deserves our sympathy. Dhanna's limbs were so emaciated on account of the severity of his penance that his legs were like the bark of a dried up tree or shoes of wood or worn out footwear. The Toes and fingers of legs were like off-shoots of mung or adad removed from the main stalk, The waist was like that of a grow, a Kanka bird or a peaben. His
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________________ 824 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha knees were like those of a peaben, or Kali plant. The thigh was like the things mentioned above or it was like the stalk of a jujub plant, or Sami tree or like the legs of a camel or an old cow or bullock. The belly was like an empty leather-bag or Masaka, or & pot of wood to prepare bread. The ribs were like thin rods or leaves; or lines on mirrors or thin rods. The Chest was like a fan made of the leaves of a bamboo-tree. The arms were like dried-up roots of tree. His hands were like an Agasti shrub or dried up cow-dung, or dried up banyan leaves. The neck was like the neck of a water pot, The lips were like dried up pills The tongue was like & dried up leaf of a bunyan tree or palasha tree or an udumbara tree. The nose was like a piece of a mango fruit. The eyes were like holes of a lute or din-morning stars. The ears were like leaves of root--shrubs like Mula, eto. His head was like the bark of cucumber fruit. In brief Dhanna could sustain his physical frame only on account of his moral and spiritual greatness and his extra-ordinary power of self-control. jIvajIvena gacchati jIva jIvena tiSThati bhASAM bhASitvA glAyati, bhASAM bhASamANo glAyati....hutAzana ina bhasmarAzipraticchannastapasA tejasA tapastejaHpriyA upazobhamAnafagfa 11 Eloquent as the description is, it is instructive in the use of words for birds, animals, trees, shrubs, eto., which are almost identical with what we find to this day in Gujarat and Rajasthan, as for instance, og ( 317 ), Anfeurs ( eitt ), aforx (do), atat (alt), gaforer ( 910 ), gif#1 ( gidi-o$ ), ofanit (ait), 7 ( 7351) Tag ( 1154 ), etc. The conclusion is obvious. The redaction was in all probability made by persons who lived as monks in Gujarat and Rajasthan. To conclude, a critical study of the extant texts of the Jain Sutras will reveal important features which are sure to throw fresh light on the society of the age of Mahavira and his immediate successors an on the subject of linguistics in medieval and pre-Muslim Gujarat and Rajasthan. I may add that the Sthaviras came as the last-the junior-most, in the order of the Jaina church-ateist, mat, straia and 59/8919.
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________________ ANTIQUITY OF JAINISM. by Kailasha Chandra Jain, M. A. Jaipur. The origin of Jainism is shrounded in considerable obscurity. The available evidence to decide the questions is soanty, dubious and capable of different interpretations. Scholars have therefore come to widely divergent conclusions. Mrs. Stevenson is of opinion that Jainism originated as a protest against the sacrifice and oasteism of the Brahmanism in the eighth loontury B.C. Acoording to Jacobi, there are even traces of Jainism even in the Vedio period. Dr. Zimmer and Farlong observe that there was the existence of the Sramana oulture before the Aryans in India. Dr. Zimmer calls it by the name of the Dravidan religion while Farlong considers it to be different from the religion of the Dravidans. The divergence of views among the Scholars about the antiquity of Jainism is thus almost bewildering. The question has therefore to be examined and considered carefully, critically and exhaustively in order to arrive at some conclusion. Jainism Older Than Buddhism: From the Buddhist and Jain records, it is clear that Jainism is older than Buddhism and was firmly established at the time of the origin of Buddhism. Mahavira was not the founder and author of Jain religion but simply a reformer. Many abuses had crept into Jainism at that time and he simply tried to remove them. His parents had, according to a tradition which seems to be trustworthy, been followers of Parava. He himself, when he became a monk, returned to the chaitya of his own lawn called Duipalasa 6 The chaitya se to be of the Jains. Even Buddha after giving up the worldly life 1. The Heart of Jainism, p. 48. 2. S. B. E. Vol. 45, Introduction, p. 33. 3. Philosophies of India, pp. 217 to 227. 4. Short studies in the Science of comparative religions. PP. 248-244. 8. S. B. E, Vol. 22, P. 194. 6. Uvasagadaso. ( 800) 9.Y
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha lived in the company of the saints who practised austerities and were possibly Jains. In the Samannaphala Sutta of the Dighanikaya, there is a reference to the four vows (Cbaturyama Dharma in contradiction to the five vows of Mahavira. The four vows of Parava were :- not to take life, not to tell a lie, not to steal and not to own property. To these Mahavira was forced to add the vow of chastity when the abuses had crept into the Jain church. The Buddhists could not have used the term Chatury&ma Dharma for the Nigranthas unless they had heard it from the followers of Parsva. This is the proof for the correctness of the Jain tradition that the followers of Paryva actually existed at the time of Mahavira. This sect of the Nigranthas was an important sect at the rise of Buddhism. This may be inferred from the fact that they are frequently mentioned in the pitakas as opponents of Buddha and his disciples. This conolusion is further supported by another fact. Mankkhali Gosala, a contemporary of Buddha and Mahavira divided mankind into six classes, of these the third class contained the Nigranthas. Gosala probably would not have ranked them as a separate class of mankind if they had recently come into existence. He must have regarded them as a very important and at the same time an old sect, The Majjhima Nikaya 35th records a dispute between Buddha and Sakdal, the son of a Nigrantha. Sakdal is not himself a Nigrantha Now, when a famous controversialist whose father was a Nigrantha, was a contemporary of the Buddha, the Nigranthas can so have been a sect founded during Buddha's life. The Uttaradhyayana Sutra 23rd relates a meeting between Gautama Indrabhuti, the disciple of Mahavira and Kegi Kumara, the disciple of Parsva at Sravasti which brought about the union of the old branch of the Jain church and the new one. This again points out to the existence of the older Jain faith than that of Mahavira, Historicity Of Parsvanatha These discussions clearly show that Parsvanatha is a real historical figure. He must bave been of a genial nature as he is always given 1. Bhagwana Mah&vira, P. 166.
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________________ Antiquity of Jainism the epithet Puriga-daniya 'beloved of men.' He is supposed to have attained liberation about 246 years before Mahavira at Sammetasikhara which is known by his name Parsvanatha hill. If 526 B.C. is taken as the year of Lord Mahavira's Nirvana, in 772 B.C. must have occurred the death of Parsvanatha. According to the tradition, he dwelt in the world exactly one hundred years and left home at the age of thirty to become an ascetio. From it, we may conolude that he was born about 872 B.C. and left this world in about 772 B.C. The Kalpasutra states that Parsva like other Tirthankaras was & Kshatriya and the son of the King Asvasona of Banaras and his wife Vama. His chief disciple was Subhadatta who was succeeded by Har Then, came Arya Samudra and his disciple Prabhasuri, Next Kasi Kumara succeeded to the headship of the church who was the contemporary of Mahavira. Thus the history of Jainism goes back to 872 B. C. Neminatha as a Historical Figure There seems to be no doubt about the existence of Jainism in the nineth century B. C. but the history of Jainis n goes back even earlier than of Parsvanatha. The Jain record mentions the names of twenty two Tirtban karas before him. Neminatha, the 22nd Tirthankara of the Jains, was the son of Samudra Vijaya and grandson of Andhakavrishai. He is said to be a cousin of Krishna, the lord of the BhagvadgitA. Krishna negotiated his marriage with Rajamati, the daughter of Ugrasena but Neminatha taking compassion on the animals which were to be slaughtered in connection with the marriage feast, left the marriage procession suddenly and renounced the world. If the historicity of Lord Krishna is admitted, we may as well admit that Lord Neminatha, the 22nd Tirthankara is not a mere myth. The Andhakavrishnis of Dwaraka in Kathie was as a republic is referred to in the Mahabharata, Arthasastra and Ashtadhyayi of Panini. The name of the Vrishni corporation is also found on a coin which on palaeographical grounds belongs to the first and second century B. C. It seems that the republic was named after Andhakavrishni, the grand father of Neminatha. As this republic is mentioned in the 1. Corporate life in Ancient India, P. 279.
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________________ CRC bhImad vijayarAjendrasari-smAraka-praya Ashtadhyayi of Panini who according to Gold Stuoker must have lived in the seventh century B. C. at the latest. It must have been well known at this time and must have come into existence long before eighth century B. C. If Andhakavrishni is the real person, there seems to be little doubt that his grand son Neminatha was a reality. There is a mention in the Chbandogya Upanishada III, 17, 6, that the sage Ghora Angirasa imparted a certain instructions of the spiritual sacrifice to Krishna, the son of Devaki. The liberal payment of this sacrifice was austerity, liberality, simplicity, non-violence and truthfulness. These teachings of Ghora Angirasa seem to be the tenets of Jainism. Hence, Ghora Angiraga seems to be the Jain saint. The writers of the Jain scriptures say that Tirthankara Neminatha was the master of Krishna.? Now the question arises whether Neminatha and Ghora Angirasa are the names of the same individual. The word Ghora Angiraga seems to be an epithet given to him because of tbe extreme austerities undertaken by him. It may be possible to suggest that Naminatha was his early name and when he had obtained salvation after hard austerities, he might have been given the name of Ghora Angirasa. Infact the Jain traditions about Neminatha or Arishtanemi as incorporated in the Harivamsa, Arittha Nemi Chariu and other works may be corroborated to some extent by the Brahaminical traditions. He is mentioned in some of the hymns of the Vedas but their meaning is doubtful. In the Yajurveda, he seems to be clearly mentioned as one of the important Rishis. He is described as one who is capable of crossing over the ocean of life and death, as the remover of violence, one who is instrumental in sparing life from injury and so on,: The Yajurveda probably belongs to the twelth century B. C. 1. dyuti madratAMgavivakiraNa jaTilAMzumaNDala / nIlajalajadalarAzivapu saha bndhubhigrudd'keturiishvrH|| halamRcca te svajanabhaktimuditahRdayo jneshvro| dharmavinayarasiko sutarA caraNAravinduyugalaM prnnemetuH|| -57 am falsa, 27: 1991 2. (Rj. 10, 178, 1); ( Yaj. 9, 25 ); and (Yaj. 25, 19 ) 3. svasti na indro vRddhazravA svasti naH pUSA vizvavedAH / svastinastAyo ariSTanemiH svastino bRhaspatirdadhAtu //
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________________ Antiquity of Jainism 829 W . This indicates that Neminatha seems to be known at this time and flourished even before. The literary evidence seems to be supported by an epigraphical evidence.2 In Kathiawar, a copper plate has been discovered on which there is an inscription. The king Nebuchadnazzar (940 B. C.) who was also the lord of Revanagara (in Kathiawara ) and who belonged to Sumer tribe, has come to the place (Dworka) of the Yaduraja. He has built a temple and paid homage and made the grant perpetual in favour of Lord Nominatha, the paramount deity of Mt. Raivata. This inscription is of great historical importance. The king named Nebuchadnazzar was living in the 10th century B. C. It indicates that even in the tenth century B.C. there was the worship of the temple of Neminatha the 22nd. Tirthan kara of the Jaing. It goes to prove the historicity of Neminatha. Thus, there seems to be little doubt about Neminatha as a historical figure but there is some difficulty in fixing his date. He is said to be the contemporary of Krishna the hero of Mahabharata. The scholars differ in their opinions as to the exact date of the Mahabharata which vary from 950 B.C. to 3000 *B.C. Jainism in the Period of Ramayana The period of Ramayana is earlier than Mahabharata. The majority of the scholars believe most of the events and persons connected with the story of Ramayana to be real and historical. The oldest available Jain version of Rima epic is Paumachariya in Prakrit which was composed in 530 years after the Mahavira-nirvana according to the statements of the author named Vimala Suri. It belongs to about the same period as the oldest Brahaminic version, the Ramayana of Valmiki i. e. to the first century B. C. No doubt Vimal seems to be 1. J. A. 14, p. 3; J. S. B. 14, I, P. 21; The Jain-35, 1. P. 2 and the Times of India (Weekly ) of 19th March, 1935. I could not see the photo of this inscription. 2. Pargiter 950 B.C.; R. O. Majumdar 1000 B.C.; Dr. H. O. Ray Chaudhary 1876 B. C.; Jayaswal 1450 B. C.); and astronomers and later traditions 31022449 B. O. 3. paMcave vAsasayA dusamAe tiisvrsNsjutaa| vIre siddhImuvagae tao nibaddha imaM cariyaM //
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________________ bhIma vijayarAjendrasari-smAraka-paMtha acquainted with the other works on the life of Rama but he criticizes them as giving false and fantastic statements. On the other hand, he himself claims to give a real and true account of the life of Rama, based on the words of Tirthankara Mabavira. The story of Ramayana as stated in the Jain Puranas is substantially similar to the account of Valmiki 1 But the way in which the Jain version differs from the Brahaminio Ramayana throws a very significant light on the position of Jainism. According to the Jain version, Ravana and Raksas were highly cultured people belonging to the race of the Vidyadharas and were great devotees of Jina. But the Hindu traditions depicted them as evil natured and irreligious demons because they were antagonistic to the sacrificial cult of the Vedic sages. At the same time, they were defeated, therefore, they become the demons in the hands of the poets. Considering these two accounts together, it seems that the Vedic people denounced the Rakshas because they were the followers of Jainism. F. E. Pargiter also asserts the Jains were treated as Asuras and Daityas by the 3 Hindus. Rama, bis brother Laksamana and their enemy Ravana were 63 prominent personages (the trisasti salaka purushas ) of the Jain traditions where in the Raksas and Vanaras of the Rim yana have been described not as semihuman or demons but as highly civilized and cultured human beings of the Vidyadhara race who were mostly devotees of the Jina. Even in the Yoga Vagishtha Ramayana in the Chapter of Vaira. gya, Rama expresses to be of a peaceful nature like Jinendra. There is also mention in the Ramayana of Valmiki that the king Dagaratha, the father of Rama entertained the sramanas as the Byuests. The word sramana indicates the Jain saints and not saints of Buddhism which is of late origin. 1. Jain Sanskrit Padma Puran 678 A. D.; Svayambhu Ramayana of Apabhramsa, 8 th Century; Trisashthigalaka Purusha Charitra of Hema Chandra and Rama Charitra of Devavijaya 2. dahamuhaM pavesaNaM ciya bhavaNaM jiNa santi sAminAhassa / taha pADihera gamaNaM lekAe pavesaNaM ceva // // 78 // paumacariyam8. Ancient Indian Hjstorical Tradition, P. 291, 4. Yoga Vasishtha Ramayana Vairagya Prakarana, Adhyaya 16, Sloka8. 6. Valmiki Samhita, 14, 12.
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________________ Antiquity of Jainism 831 Thus, it seems that Jainism was in existence in the period of Ramayana according to the Jain traditions. Lord Munisuvarta, the 20th Tirthankara is said to be the contemporary of Rama. 'Munisuvratanatha seems to be as real person as Rama himself. Jainism in the Rig Vedic Age: In the Vedic period, there were two kinds of saints-Yati, the enemy of Indra, the Vedio God and Muni-the friend of Indra." It seems that the saints of the Aryans who honoured them were called the Munis while persons corresponding to the saints among non-Vedic people were probably called the Yatis. In the Tai. S. VI. 2. 75, we read Indra threw Yatis to the Salavrikas (wolves ), they devoured them to the south of the uttaravedi The same words and story occur in the Kathaka Samhita VIII 5, the Ait. Br. 35. 2 and the Kausitaki Up. III, 1; in the last, Indra said to Pratardana, "do know me only. I regard this as the most beneficial thing to man that he should know me. I killed the three headed Tvashtra, I gave to the Salavrikas, the arunmukh yatis " In the Kathaka Samhita 10 and the Tai. S. II 4, 9, 2, it is stated that the heads of the Yatis when they were being devoured, fell aside and they (the heads) became the Kharjuras (date palms). Atharvaveda II, 53 says Indra who is quick in his attack, who is mitra and who killed Vritra as he did the yatis. In the Tandya Mahabrahmana VIII 1, 4, Brihadgiri is said to be one of the three Yatis who escaped from slaughter and who were then taken under his protection by Indra. All these passages taken together suggest that the Yatis were the people who had incurred the hostility of Indra, the patron of the Aryas and their bodies were therefore thrown to the wolves. A few of them who escaped slaughter were subsquently won over and became the worshippers of Indra. They therefore, in Rg. VIII 6, 18; are described as praising Indra. These Yatis may probably represent the Jain Saints. Some of the saints are described as naked which indicates that they were Jain saints. 1. mahimaliyama vohaM munisuvvayaM tiyasanAhaM / paumasa imaM cariyaM jassaya citthe samuppannaM // 2. indro munInAma sakhA / Rgveda 8, 17, 14. 3. indro yatIna sAlabukebhyaH prAyacchat / (Paumachariam V. 5.)
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________________ ERR zrImad vijayarAjendrasari-smAraka-praya It seems that at the coming of the Aryans in India, the austerity was practised by the natives. This idea of renunciation did not appeal to the society of the Aryans who had the optimistic outlook on life which is clearly reflected in hymns. The Rig-Veda is full of prayers for long life, freedom from disease, heroic progeny, wealth, power, abundance of food, drink, the defeat of the rivals etc. The people who liked renunciation were few in society. It seems that the invasion of the Aryans brought the destruction of the native culture and religion., The natives were forced to give up their own religion and to accept the culture of the invaders. The Aryan invasion which overwhelmed the North Western and North Central provinces of the Sub-continent in the second millenium B. C. did not extend beyond the middle of the Ganges valley. The possession of the Aryans at the Rig-Vedic time was probably confined to Sapta Sindhu. The pre-Aryan nobility of the north eastern states were therefore not all annihilated. Many of the old families survived. Probably, the people of Kasi, Magadha and other neighbouring countries were the followers of a different culture on whom curses used to be showered and troubles used to be invoked. Jainism was probably popular in the east where the Tirthankaras were born. Even when the eastern part of India was aryanised, it preserved considerable differences from the midlands in the points of language, ethnic elements and culture. Probably, the Vratyas mentioned in Atharva Vedal and Panchavimsa Brahmana of Samaveda lived there. The Panchvimsa Brahmana describes peculiarities of the Vratyas. They did not study the Vedas. They did not observe the rules regulating the Brahamanical order of life. They called an expression difficult to pronounce when it was not difficult to pronounce (?) and spoke the tongue of the consecrated through un-consecrated'. This proves that they had some Prakritic form of speech. The Prakrit language is specially the language of the canonical works of the Jains, Jayaswal states that they had traditions of the 1. Atharvaveda, XV, 2, 1-4. 2. Panchavimga Brahmana XVII, 4, 1-9. 3. adusakta vAkyaM dusata mAhuH-adIkSitA dIkSita vAkyaM vadanti / . 4. Magadban literature Vol. I. P. 47, Chanda, Indo Aryan Race I. P. 38.
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________________ Antiquity of Jainism Jinas and Buddhas amongst them even before the sixth century B.C. It seems that they were the followers of the Jainism which is known to have come into existence even before the sixth century B. C. Jainism as a Dravidan Religion: Dr. Zimmer considers Jainism to be an older religion even than Vedio religion and called it the Dravidan religion. Both are simple, unsophisticated, clear cut and direct manifestation of the pessimistic dualism, Jainism believes in pessimism, a conviction that human life is full of misery, no trace of which is to be found in the optimistio attitude of the Vedic Aryans. The doctrine of transmigration of the Dravidans unknown to the early Brahmanas suddenly emerges in Upanishads and forms an essential element in the Jain religion. What is more important, is the fact that the doctrine assumes it (x) peculiarly Indian form by its association with the doctrine of Karman and we know that the most primitive ideas of Karman are found in Jain Metaphysics. An atheistic attitude and a kind of dualism between soul and matter characterize both Dravidan religion and Jainism. From this religion also arose the heterodox seots namely Sankhya, Yoga and Buddhism. Dr, Zimmer further observes that Jainisin and Zoorastrian religions seem to be the forms of the Dravidan religion. Both arose as a protest and as parallels against the Vedic religion and the religion of Avasta respectively in about 8th Century B. C. for the revival of the older religion which we may call the Dravidan religion. There are elements of similarity in both the religions. Parsvanatha and Zooraster were contemporary in time and they were against the sacrificial ceremony and polytheism of the gods. The enemy of Parava was Kamatha, while of Zoorastra is Dahaka. Both gave troubles to Parsva and Zoorastra respectively for a long time but at the end, they were overcome by love. The serpents springing from the shoulders of both the images are well known. It seems that the snake played an important part in the lives of both. Dr. Zimmer's arguments are held plausible but our main difficulty in accepting them is that our knowledge of the Dravidan faith is Very meagre and perfunctory. 1. Jayaswal Revised notes on the Brahmin Empire; J.B.O.R.S. XIV P. 26.
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________________ oftare fasrerentes efe-HT6-40 Jainism in The Time of Indus Valley Civilization: The discovery of the Indus Civilization seems to have thrown a new light on the antiquity of Jainism. The time assigned by the Scholars to this culture is 3000 B, C, on the archaeological evidence and on the evidence of the relations with the cultures of the other countries. The religion of the Indus culture seems to be quite different from the religion of the Aryans in the Vedic period. At Mohenjodaro and Harappa, iconism is every where apparent. But it is extremely doubtful whether images were generally worshipped in the ancient Vedic times. In the Rig-Veda and the other Vodas, there is worship of Agni Sun, Varuni and various other deities. But they were worshipped in the abstract form as manifestations of a divine power. There are no doubt passages where the deities of the RigVeda are spoken of as possessed of bo lily attributes. R. G. VIIL 175 speaks of the limbs and sides of In Ira and prays Indra to taste honey with his tongue In Rig. I. 155-6 Vishai is said to approach a battle with his huge body and as a youth. It is possible to argue that all these descriptions are poetic and metaphoric. But there are two passages of the Rig-Veda that cauzo much more difficulty than the above. Rg. VIII 24-10 asks who will purchase this my Indra for ten cows. Rg. VIII 1. 5. says, 'o Indra, I shall not give thee for even a great price, not even for a hundred, a thousand or ton thousand. It may be argued that here, there is a reference to an image of Indra, But it is not convincing. It is equally possible to hold that these are hyperbolio or boastful statements of the great devotion of the worshipper to Indra and that there is no reference to an image of Indra. In most of the earlier and more authoritative Brahmanas which lay down in detail the rules of the rituals, associated with the Vedic sacrifices, there is no reference to images which would certainly have been explicitly mentiond, had they been regarded as necessary. In the subsequent period, when the image worship-had come to play & definite part in Brahamanic religion, detailed descriptions of these are not lacking. But the cult of symbols and images seems to have been current among the people who continued the traditional religious practices of the settlers of the Indus Valley region. These people seem to be the Jains because the image worship was prevalent among them
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________________ Antiquity of Jainism 835 in the times of Nandas and Mauryas. It seems that the image worship might have been copied by the Brahmanas from the Jains. It is possible to suggest from the evidence of articles discovered that Jainism was not unknown among the people of the Indus Valley. Some nude images and the nude figures on the seals have been discovered at Mohenjodaro and Harrappa. Nudity has been the special characteristic of Jainism. Even Rishabha, the first Tirthankara observed the vow of nudity. The pictures 1. JBORS. Vol. III, Pt. IV, P. 458, & JBORS 1937 P. 130-32. Nos. 15 & 16 of plate XIII represent a seated image with a hood over its head attended by a half kneeling figure in respectful attitude. This may be the representation of the seventh Tirthankara Suparsvanatha. The bull is the cognizance of Rishabha Deva. The standing deity figured on seals three to five with a bull in the fore ground may be the proto-type of Rishabha.3 Some statues have been discovered also in the meditative mood, the half shut eyes, being fixed on the tips of the nose both in the sitting and standing poses. These statues and images on the seals may be taken to indicate that the people of the Indus Valley at this time not only practised Yoga but worshipped the images of Yogis. In the Adipurana (Book XXI) there are the instructions given about the meditation. With regard to the eyes, it is stated that they should neither be kept wide open, nor totally shut up. The Kayotsarga posture of standing is peculiarly Jain. In the Adipurana Book XVIII, it is described in connection with the penances of Rishabha. This is also the characteristic of the Jain images at present. These images have been described by Marshal as the proto-type of Siva. But with due difference to the illustrious scholar, an argument can be hazarded that the word Siva meaning the auspicious occurs as an epithet of Rudra in the Rigveda, Yajur Veda and Atharva Veda. It is only Rudra and not Siva who is praised in all hymns. He is represented in these hymns as a malevolent deity causing death and disease among men and cattle. The physical description of Rudra is found in a number of hymns in great detail. For instance in some 1. Mahapurana, Parvas XVIII-XX and Acharanga Sutra. 2. Marshall-Mohenjodaro and the Indus Valley Civilization P. 60. 8. Chanda, Modern Review, August 1932 pp. 156-159.
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasari-smAraka-praMtha placos, he is said to be tawny in colour and other of a very fair complexion, with a beautiful chain, wearing golden ornaments, youthful and having spirally braided hair on his head. He carries in his hands a bow and arrows and is described in some hymns as wielding the thunderbolt. This type of Rudra can not be identified with the prototype Siva whose portraits are found on the seal because his attributes are quite different from the attributes stated in the Vedas about Rudra, Rudra occupies the minor position in the Vedic period but Siva seems to be dominant among the people of the Indus Civilization. Siva with the puranio attributes can not be identified with the images on the seals because these puranas were composed about three thousand years after the Indus Civilization. Historicity Of Suparsvanatha: There are some legends about the Tirthankaras which may contain some historical matter. In the Mahavagga (1. 22. 13), there is & mention of a Jain temple of Lord Suparava, the seventh Tirthankara situated at Rajagrih in the cime of Lord Buddha, At Mathurs, there is an old stupa of the Jains with the inscription of 157 A. D. This inscription records that an image of the Tirthankara Aranatha was set up at the stupa built by the gods. Thus, in 157 A. D., this stupa was so old that it was regarded as the work of the gods. It was probably, therefore, erected several centuries before the Christian era. The later authors give us some information about this stupa. Jinprabha in the Tirtha Kalpa, a work of the 14th century based on ancient materials mentions that the stupa originally of gold was erected in honour of the seventh Jina Suparyvanatha by the Kubera for two Jain Saints named Dharmaruchi and Dharmaghosh. In the time of twenty third Jina, Parsvanatha, the golden stupa was enclosed in bricks and a stone temple was built outside. Even Somadeva, the author of the Yasastilaka who is nearly four hundred years earlier than Jinaprabha refers to it as built by gods. From this type of legendary account, it seems that there was the worship of Suparsvanatha several centuries before the Christian era. The Yajurveda is also said to have mentioned 1. The Jain stupa & other antiquities of Mathura pp. 12-13. 2. Yabastilaka & Indian Culture P. 433.
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________________ UVO Antiquity of Jainism the name of Suparsvanatha' but the meaning is not definite. A seated image with a hood over its head attended by a half kneeling figure in respoctful attitude in the pictures No. 15 & 16 of plate VIII may be the representation of the seventh Tirthankara Suparsvanatia? Ajitanatha as a Historical Figure: The second Tirthan kara is Ajitanatha, born in Ayodhy. The Yajurveda mentions the name of Ajitapatha' but the meaning is not clear. His younger brother according to Jain traditions was Sagara who became the second Charkravarti. He is known from the traditions of both Hinduism and Jainism as found in their respective Purans. From the Hindu source, he is known to have many sons. One of them was Bhagiratha who brought the Ganges. From the Jain account, it is clear that Sagara in his last days adopted the life of asceticism from Ajitanatha and retired from the worldly life. Ajitanatha seems to be as real a person as Sagara. Historicity Of Rishabhaceva: Even Rishabhadeva, founder of Jainism may be a historical figure. An image of Rishabha of V. S. 162 of the time of the Kushan Emperor Vasudeva has been discovered at Mathura. The inscription of Kbarvela tells us that the image of Rishabha carried by Nanda three hundred years before was brought back by him to Kaling. There was thus the worship of Rishabha even in the fifth century B. C. in the time of Napdas. This points out that if Mahavira or Parsva had been the founders of Jainism, it would not have been possible to find the images of Rishabha in the very early period. This indicates that he is not a mythical figure but a real personality. The name Vrishabha is mentioned in the Vedas,? but the meaning is not certain. The different 1. Iudian Philosophy Vol. I. P. 287. 2. Marshall-Mohenjodaro and the Indus Valley Civilization P. 60. 8. Indian Philosophy Vol. 1 P. 287. 4. Mahapurana, Trisashthiyalikapurusha Charitra etc. 5. Mathura Museum Catalogue Pt. III, pp. 6 & 6. 8. magadhAnaM ca vipulaM bhayaM janetI hathisa gaMgAyaM pAyayaMti magadhaM ca rAjAnaM bahu parisAsitA-pAde badApayati naMdarAjani tasa agajinasa-gaharatana paDihAra himamagadhe vasi unpri| -jaina lekhasaMgraha. muni jinavijaya. 7. Indian Philosophy Vol. 1 p. 287 see also, Samaveda (4,1); Atharvavoda ( 20, 143, 10) (It has been read differently by the other scholars. Therefore, it is a controversial question. Nothing can be said definitely about it. )
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________________ CRC bhIman vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha interpretations have been made by the scholars. The standing deity figured on the seals with a bull in the foreground may be the proto-type of Rishabha as we have already discussed. His parents were Nabhiraja and Marudevi. The name of his son was kept Bharata after which India said to be named. Legendary Antiquity of Jainism: The Jain religion, according to the Jain scriptures! is eternal, revealed in every cyclic period of the world. The time is divided into two equal cycles namely Utsarpini Kala and Avasarpini Kala. Each cycle is again divided into six divisions known as aras. (Spoke of a wheel). Avasarpini. Utsarpint. 1. Sushama-Sushama 1. Dubshama-Duhshama 2, Sushama 2. Dubshama 3. Sushama-Duhshama 3. Duhshama-Sushama 4. Duhshama-Sughama 4. Sushama-Dubebama 5. Duhshama 5. Sushama 6. Duhshama-Duhshama 6. Suhshama-Sushams Each Utsarpini and Avasarpini Kala extends over ten Kota-Koti sagardpama years. The first ara Sushama-Sushama of four kota-koti sagaropama years, the second ara Susama of three kota-koti Sagaropama years, the third ara Sushama-Duhsha ma of two kota-koti sagaropama years, the fourth Duhshama-Sushama of the duration of forty two thousand years less in one kota-koti sagaropama years, the fifth ara Duhshama of twenty one thousand years and the last ara Duhshama-Duhshama will be of twenty one thousand years duration. At present, Duhshama is going on of which nearly twenty four hundred and eighty one years have passed. In the Utsarpini Kala, the order of the aras is the reverse. During the first ara of Sushama-Sushama of the Avasarpini Kala, the age of the yugalika people was three palyopama years. They took their food on the fourth day, their bodies were very tall and were marked by auspicious symbols. They were devoid of anger, prido, deceit, greed and other sinful acts. Various kinds of the kalpa trees fulfilled their wishes. 1. Tilloyapannati, Harivamgapurana etc.
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________________ Antiquity of Jainism During the second ara named Sushama, the yugalika lived for two palyopamas. They took their food at an interval of three days. They were also tall. The kalpa trees less supplied their wants than before. The objects of land and water became less sweet and fruitful than they were during the first ara. During the third ara of Sushama-Duhshama, the age limit of the yugalikas became one palyopama. They took their food on the second day. The yielding power of Kalpa trees, the sweetness and fruitfulness of the earth and water as well as height and strength of the body went on decreasing and they became less than they were during the second ara During the fourth ara Duhshama-Sushama, the height of the human being became five hundred dhanushyas and with ever progre. ssing decrease, it was reduced only to seven hands at the end of the fourth ara. Even the period of age limit was reduced approximately to one hundred years and less at the close of this ara. At this time, there was much happiness but the slight misery. people were happy and prosperous. The land was fertile and produced the abundant fruits. At this time, the Tirthankars were born and propagated Jainism. Lord Rishabha Dova, the first Tirthan kara lived in the later part of the third ara and the remaining twenty three Tirthankaras lived during the forth ara. In the time of Rishabha, the Kalpa trees seized to fufill the wishes, placing the people under difficulties. Under these circum stances, Rishabha instructed them to get on with the different ocou. pations such as trade, agriculture eto. The people engaged in different occupations, formed different social groups. Lord Rishabha is very often described as a creator of the world in the sense of laying the socio-economio foundation. In the fourth ara, Nami died 5,00,000 years before Nemi, Munisuvrata 11,00,000 years before Nami; the next intervals are 65,00,000. 10,000,000 or a krore; the following intervals can not be expressed in definite numbers of years but are given in palyopamas and sagaro pamas. The length of the life and the height of the Tirthankaras are in proportion to the length of the interval. In connection with these items of the mythical history of the Jains, it may be added that they
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________________ vAya zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka - pratha relate the life-length of twelve universal monarchs (Chakravartins ); of nine Vasudevas, nine Baladevas, and nine Prati-Vasudevas who lived within the period from the first to the second Tirthankara together with the 24 Tirthankaras. They are the 63 great personages of Jain history. During the fifth ara named Duhshama, the present age during which we are living, the height, age limit and the strength of the human beings will be reduced. The majority of the people will be miserable and there will be little piety and honesty. After that, there will be the sixth ara Duhshama-Duhshama in which there will be no sense of reason and morality among the people. The age, height and strength of the human beings will decrease to a great extent. People will suffer from the various diseases and thus, their lives will be miserable. Similarly, to the sixth and fifth aras of the Avasarpini Kala are first and the second of the Utasarapini Kala. At the end of the second ara named Duhshams of the Utsarapini Kala, there will be seven Kulkaras. After the lapse of the Duhshama ara of the Utsarapini Kala, there will be sixty three excellent personages. This is only an imaginary theory similar to several such theories in the Purans and it can not be scientifically proved and historically demonstrated. It is only based on the firm faith of the authors and the strong traditions of Jainism. According to them, Jainism is eternal and came into existence with the very dawn of the civilization.
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________________ AUTHORS AND SUBJECTS STUDIED IN RAJASTHAN FROM THE EIGHTH TO THE THIRTEENTH CENTURIES A. D. Dr. Dasaratha Sarma, Krisna Nagar. Delhi, Our information about the subjects and authors studied in Rajasthan, and specially the Chauhan dominions, cannot be regarded as exhaustive. We have no Brahmanic sources worth mentioning except the Sarngadharapaddhati which falls a little outside our period, being the work of the grandson of Raghavadeva, a court-poet and Pandit of Hammira of Ranthambhor. Yet the position is not so unsatifactory, as it appears to be at first sight, for the Jains, while naturally devoting the greatest attention to their own system, studied the philosophic works of others, and tried also to view with non-Jains in the knowledge of secular subjects like poetics and drama, with the result that their Bhandars have preserved invaluable books and their commentaries which, but for their care, would have been lost to posterity. In India few have served the cause of Sarasvati so well as the Jain custodians of the big bhandars at Pattan, Jaisalmer and Bikaner. Subjects Studied From the Ganadharasardhasatakabrhadvrtti, we learn that a good Jain scholar was expected to master his own Siddhanta along with the philosophic systems of the Buddhists and Brahmanas. He read besides classical poetry, prose and drama, astronomy and astrology, poetics, prosody and grammar. He had specially to be an adept in propounding his own theories and refuting the views of the rival schools.1 Jain Agama:-We can fill up this outline from the brhadvrtti itself and also other contemporary Jain sources. The siddhanta included the 11 angas, 12 upangas, 6 chhedasutras, 4 mulasutras, 10 prakirnakas, and 2 other sutras, the Anuyogadvarasutra and Nandisutra. To these some add Bhadrabahu's 12 niryuktis, the Visesavasyakabhasya, twenty 1. Quoted in the introduction to the art, p. 20. 208 ( tok )
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka - graMtha more prakirnakas, the Paryusanakalpa, Jitakalpasutra, Sraddhajitakalpa, Paksikasutra, Vandittusutra, Ksamanasutra, Yatijitakalpa, and the Risibhasita, thus bringing the total number of Sruta-works to 84. 842 This sruta literature was the basis of many commentaries and sub-commentaries by authors, of whom some were Rajasthanis and others non-Rajasthanis whose works were studied in Rajasthan. If we confine ourselves to our period, we have to mention first Haribhadra Suri of Chitor who commented on the Anuyogadvarasutra, Avasyakasutra, Dasavaikalikasutra, Nandisutra, and Prajnapanasutra. Of the early Jain writers mentioned by him, Jinadasa Mahattara, Jinabhadra Ksamaeramana Devavachaka, Bhadrabahu and Sanghadasa Gani, respectively, wrote the Nandisutra-churni (676 A. D.) and Nisithasutrachurni'; Visesuvasyakabhasya (609 A. D.); Nandisutra'; the 12 Niryuktis; and the Vyavaharabhasya, Brhatkalpabhasya, and Panchakalpabhasya. Reference to these authors is important as showing that even as early Haribhadra's time Jain scriptures were being intensively studied in Rajasthan. the Siddharsi Suri, another great Rajasthani scholar, wrote a commentary on the Upadesamala. Silanka Suri's commentary on Acharanga-sutra has received respectful mention in the Ganadharasardhasataka." It may therefore be presumed to have been popular in the Rajasthani Kharataragachchha circles. Vardhaman Suri (died 1021 A. D.) wrote the Upadesamalabrhadvrtti, Vardhamana's disciple, Abhayadeva Suri, is known as the "Navangavrttikara" to distinguish him from other Abhayadevas. He wrote wonderfully lucid and learned commentaries on the angas, the Jnatadharmakatha, Sthananga (1064 A. D.) Samavayanga (1064 A. D.), Bhagavati (1072 A. D.), Upasakadasa, Antakrddasa, Anuttaropapatikadasa, Prasnavyakarana, and Vipaka. These were studied not only in Kharataragachha circles 2. Some more quo are ascribed to him. 3. Writer also of jitakalpasUtra. 4. Composed at time of the valabhIvAcanA. 5. Different from the author of vasudevahinDI. 6. JSI, p. 186. 7. Verse 60 8. Catalogue of the Palm-leaf MSS. in the Jain Bhandara of Jaisalmer.
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________________ Authors and Subjects Studi@d in Rajasthan but also by others in Rajasthan, as else-where; without them it would have been well-nigh impossible to understand the real import of these Jain scriptures. Another great scholiast, whose works were studied in Rajasthan, was Malayagiri Suri. His Pindaniryuktivrtti was copied at Chitrakuta and the Vyavaharasutratika at Simhapuri in Sakambhari, respectively, in the Vikrama years 1289 and 1344.' His other commentaries were Avasyaka Oghaniryukti, Jivabhigama, Jyotisakarandaka, Nandisutra, Pindaniryukti, Prajnapana, Bhagavati, Rajaprasniya, Vyavaharasutra, Suryaprajnapti, Visesavasyaka, and Brhatkalpasutrapithika. Malayagiri was a younger contemporary of Hemachandra Suri, the famous spiritual guide of Kumara pala Chaulukya. Other writers on Agamic subjects like Maladhari Hemachandra, Dronacharya who revised the works of Abhayadeva, the navangavrtti. kara, Nemichandra, Yusodeva Suri ( 1124 A. D. ), whose Paksikasutravrtti was copied at Aghata in V. 1309.10 Ksemakirti ( 1276 A. D.), Kotyacharya, a copy of whose commentary belonged to Jinavallabha, 11 Doven. dra Suri ( 13th century ) and Santi Suri, probably, were also less or more known in Rajastban, specially in the parts that bordered on Gujarat. Philosophy and Logic This exegetical work on the Agamas was important. But in an age of religious controversy, where one system had to contend against the other, it was obviously equally necessary to give a systematic presentation of the Jain system, specially its fundamental principles. To our period belongs the credit of having accomplished this work not only with success but great distinction. Haribhadra-Besides his cominentaries on the Agamas," already referred to, Haribhadra wrote the Anekantajayapataka and Anekantavadapravesa, in which he not merely expounded the Jain philosophy of 9. Jain-pustaka-prasasti-sangraha, p. 118 and 133. 10. Ibid, p. 121 11. Ibid., p. 1. 12 As supplementary to the work on the Agama texts, Haribhadra had his religious compositions like the Dharmasangrahani, Kretrasamusatila, Panchavastu, Dharmabindu, Astaka, Sodasalca, Panchasaka, and Sambodhaprakarana, in some of which he not merely expounded Jain principlus but sounded a clarion call for all-sided reform, doctrinal as well as social.
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________________ bhIma vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-pratha Anekanta but also criticized current philosophic systems. 124 How popular the study the Anekantajayapataka must bave been is shown not only by the laudatory references to it in Jain literature but also by the pride eminent Jain teachers had in studying and teaching it. The Gandharasardhasatakabrhadurtti speaks of Jinavallabha's proficiency in the treaties." Jinapati Suri sent his students to study the book at the feet of Yasobhadracharya.' 8 Jinapati's rival, Pradyumna Suri, boasted of baving read the Anekantajayapataka."' Of Haribhadra's other philosophic works mention has to be made of his Yogabindu, 1? and inefeuyy which form a valuable synthesis of old Jain ideas on the subject with those of Patanjali and Haribhadra's commentary on the Nyayapravesa of Dignagas introduced the Jain world to Buddhist logic. Authors studied in Haribhadra's time-From the reference to the Jaina teachers Kukkacharya, Divakara (probably Divakaramitra of the Harsacharita ), Dharmapala ( the great Buddhist teacher mentioned also by Yuan Chwang ).'' Dharmakirtia(c. 635-650), Dharmottara, 21 Vagubandhu,"2 Santaraksita, 33 and Subhagupta,at will it be 12A. (1) fs=4734744194... #17a94alerie (toatangaTETIT) (2) 47 af 3 fariefing, qf864942743 qafqaylang (agat, 98 879316134771, g. 6) 13. See 12 (8) and anekAntajayapatAkAvRttiTippanaka of municandra etc. 14. Quoted in the Introduction to the 19698154747, p. 20. 15. atate981aat of Jinapala etc. (unpublished) 16. Kharataragachchapattavali of Jinapala (unpublished ) 17. Published by the Jain Dharma Pras rak Sabha, Bhavnagar. 18. It was commented on also by Parsvadevagani in V. 1169. (Pattan Catalogue of MSS., p. 293 ) 19. Author of the Alambanapratyyadhyanasustravyakhya, Vidyamatrasidd. hisistravyakhya, Satasastravaipulyavyakhya etc. 20. Dharmapala's disciple and author of the Nyayabindn, Pramanavarttikakarika, Pramanavinischaya etc. 21 He commented on the Nyayabindu and wrote Pramanapartksa, Apa hanamaprakarana, Paralokasiddhi, Ksanabhangasiddhi, and Pramanavinischayatiku. 22. The Great Mahayanist writer.
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________________ Authors and Subjects Studied in Rajasthan too much to presume that Buddhist philosophy had many students in Rajasthan in the beginning of our period ? It is even possible that Jain logic might have been to a certain extent influenced by the Buddist. Nyayavatara follows a pattern similar to that of Dignaga's Nyaynpravesa. Jain scholars, inside as well as outside Rajasthan, commented on Jain books of logio, as Jinavallabha Suri studied Kama. lasila's commentary on the Tattvasangraha.38 Umasveti, Mallavadin, Samantabhadra, and Siddhasona Divakara were the Jain philosophers studied most in Haribhadra's time.al Umasvati, known also as Vachakasramana, is the famous author of the Tattvarthadhigama-sutra which is accepted as an authoritative exposi tion of Jain philosophy by both the Digambaras and Svetambaras. Siddhasena is the author of two important works, the Nyayavatara and the Sanmatitarka. Nyayavatara was one of the important philosophical works that Jinapati Suri's disciples studied with Yasobhadracbarya.28 It was commented on by Siddarsi Suri (10 th. century ) To the Sanmatitarka we shall refer presently. Samantabhadra is the great Digambara scholar, the author of a commentary on the Tattvarthadhigamasutra, called the Gandhahastimahabhasya. Its introductory portion is known as the Aptamimamsa. Mallavadin is the author of the Nayachakra, a book on Anekanta philosophy. The Dharmottaratippanaka, a commentary on the Buddhist logical treatise, Nyayabindutika, is also sometimes ascribed to him.29 The Brahmana philosophers known to Haribhadra were Avadhuta 23. Author of the Tattvasangraha, one of the learned and exhaustive treatises on Buddhist philosophy. 24. Mahamahopadhyaya S. C. Vidyabhtshan identifies him with Subhakaragupta, a contemporary of Ramapala. This is impossible in view of Haribhadra's date. 25. Rabhaga Nandi wrote a commentary on Dharmakirti's Sambandhapariksa. Kalyanachandra similarly commented on Dharmakirti's Pramana-Vartika. The Dharmottaratippaq aka ascribed to Mallavadin is referred to above. 28. Ganadharasardhagatakabrihadvrtti quoted in the Introduction to the Apabhramsakavyatrayi, p. 20. 27. These are referred to by Haribhadra in his works. 28. Kharataragachchhapattavali of Jinapala (Unpublished ).
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________________ - bhImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-paMtha charya, Isvarakrsna, Asuri, Kumarila, Patanjali, Kalatita and Bhagvad Gopendra. If we identify Avadhutacharya with Advayavajra who was known also as Avadhutipada, he has to be regarded as a Buddhist writer. The avadhutas were known by this name either because they tried to get the knowledge of the nadi called avadhuti or because they regarded themselves as true followers of the Dhuta discipline. Varnasrama is of no impotrtance to the Avadhutas who deliberately violate and flout its regulations. 30 Another philosopher known as Avadhutacharya is the sage, Dattatroya, for whom there is a shrine at Abu. Asuri, a great Sankhya teacher, preceded Isvarakrona, the writer of the sankhyasaptati 31 Kumarila is the great Mimamsa writer of the Slokavartika. Patanjali's Yogasutras supplied the basic material for & part of Haribhadra's works on Yoga and later on was utilised also by Hemachandra in bis work, the Yogasastra. Bhagvad Gopendra and aata were another Yogins.33 Abbayadeva:--We have referred above to the Sanmatitarka of Siddhasena Divakara. It was commented on by the "Tarkapanchanana" Abhayadeva Suri in his great work, the Vadamaharnava.*: The book presents not only the Jain point of view but also the theories of others to show how the Jain view was superior to the others, and should like the Tattvasangraha of Santiraksita* and the Panjika of Kamalasila be regarded as an encyclopaedia of Indian Philosophy. It richly deserves 29. If Dharmottara be placed in the seventh century this would necessitate either putting Mallavadin's date after Dharmottara or regarding his commentator as a later Mallavadin. 30. See History of Bengal, Dacca Edition, 31. The popularity of this book can be gauged by the presence of copy at Jaisalmer with the Commentary of Gaudapada. 32. Referred to in Yogabindu, verse 200, and verse 300. The Yogadrstisam uchchay& refers to Patanjali, Bhagavaddatavadi, and Bhadanta Bhaskarabandhu, the last one of whom should have been a Buddhist writer on Yoga. 33. There have been other Abhayadevas also. But he seems to be the one referred to in the Ganadnarasardhagatakabrihadvrtti (Quoted in the introduction to the Apabhramsakavyatrayi, G. 0. S., p. 20 ) and the Kharataragachchhapattavali of Jinapala. . On p. 844 he is named Santaraksita-Editor
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________________ Authors and Subjects Studied in Rajasthan the title. " Jinendramatavyavasthapaka" given to it by Sumatigani, a disciple of the Kharataracharya, Jinadatta Suri ( v. 1179-1211 ), 33A Jinesvara :-Of the Kharataragachchha acharyas, Jinesvara Suri wrote the Pramanalaksana along with a commentary. That in spite of the good work put in by Haribhadra, Siddhasona Divakara and Abhayadeva. Svetambara Jains had no surfeit of works on logio may be seen from Jinasvara's remark, "The Jains have neither & Sabdolaksana, i. e., grammar, nor a Nyayalaksana i, e., a book on logio, hence they should be regarded as a modern sect-it was to remove this castigation that Buddhisagara composed a new grammar in verse and I (Jinasvara ) wrote the Pramalaksana.(9)84 Devasuri-The next great Svetambara Jain logician whose con. nection with Rajasthan is well known was the greet debater, Davasuri, generally known as Vadideva suri. He wrote the Pramanatattvalankaro along with a commentary of his own, the Syadvadaratnakara. He died in V. 1226. Hemachandra and others-Hemachandra, a younger contenporary of Dava Suri und guru of Kumarapala, wrote the Pramanamamamsa with a commentary of his own. His pupils, Ramachandra and Guna. chandra wrote the fagnafe.34 A Towards the end of our period. Mallisena Suri wrote the Syudvadamanjari. But we cannot be sure of its having reached Rajasthan during our period; and the same may be said of the works of Nemichandra, Chandraprabha, Parsvadevagani, Apanadasuri. Amarachandra Suri, Srichandra, Devabhadra, Ratnaprabha. and Rajasok hara Suri.35 We name them bere because most of the good literature produced in Gujarat of those days reached Rajasthan sooner or later. The vihara of Jain sudhus from Gujarat to Rajasthan 338. See footnote 33, 34, JSI, footnote 221. 344. Jaisalmer catalogue. p. 11. 35. Nemichandra is said to have refuted the views of Kanada. 7-9 was the author of Fiala #977 and Furqanfarfer:, 91*for wrote the -7190aaf81. Anand Suri and Amarchandra may have written the book known to ng JET as facit, 1975 wrote the 1490 FT. Dovabhadra's work, the nyAyAvatAraTippaNa :S a commentary on the nyAyAvatAravivRti. Ratnaprabha had a commentary on the farma2a7911#re called the targretaracaricia. at was the author of the ratnAvatArikApajikA. He wrote also the syAdvAikalikA.
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrari-smAraka-pratha and vice-versa was frequent affair and so were the pilgrimages to religious places in Rajasthan and Gujarat; and this intercommunication was rendered all the easier by the fact that the inhabitants of these provinces, during our period, spoke a common language, generally termed Western Rajasthani. It was really magnificent work that tbese Jain savants accomplished for Indian philosophy. Their peouliar of thinking made for toleration and let them appreciate truth wherever they found it. For truth is many-sided according to the Anekantavadin. What is true under a certain set of conditions need not necessarily be true under other circumstances; nor need it, however, be untrue either. Brahman philosophers-We have mentioned above the names of Brahman philosophers studied in Haribhadra's time. For the postHaribhadra period, we have to add the names of Sankaranandana, Kanada, Aksapada, Vatsyayana, Bbaradvaja Uddyotakara, Vachaspati, Vyonasiva, Aniruddha, 36 Sridhara, Vatsacharya, Udayana, Jayanta and Harsa. Sankaranandans of the Ganadharasardhasatakabrhadvrtti appears to be the great Advaitio philosopher Sankara. From the rare reference to him and his system of thought in Jain literature, it appears that Advaita was never & popular subject with the Jains, though in many ways it was nearer to the Jain system of philoso an even Buddhism and the other philosophic systems of India, 37 The Jains' favourite subject of study was Nyaya or rather Tarkasastra. Abhayatilakagaai ( 1257 A. D.) a disciple of the Kharataracharya Jinasvara Suri composed his commentary, Panchaprasthanyayatarka to explain Srikantha's Nyayakalika, which again was a comment on the Nyayatavparyaparisuddhi of Udayana, 38 Devasuri criticized Udayana, who, besides being the author of the commentary just referred to, maintained in his Kusumanjali a theory of the creation of the world not believed in by the Jains.38 Udayana wrote also the Atmatattva 36. Author of the #154allda Est. (Jaisalmer Catalogue. P. II.) 80.a Quoted in the Introduction to the equip474, p. 20. 87. An apparent exception is the 9057055 of Harsa. But for it see the end of the paragraph. 38. Macht HEIT Agt at 39. Naiy yikas regard Isvara as creator. Jains disbelieve and criticize this view. Pattan Bhandars have a 79145971 iesafe s by feals (catalogue of the M86. in Pattan Bhandars, Introduction, p. 44 ).
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________________ Authors and Subjects Studied in Rajasthan viveka, Kiranavali and Nynyaparigistha, of which Kiranavali especially must have been very popular. It was studied by the Kharatara acharya, Jinavallabhat as well as Pradyumna Suri of the line of Vadideva Suri." Jayanta's Nyayamanjari, an independent commentary on the Nyayasutras of Aksapada, may also have been studied in Rajasthan and Gujarat. Jayanta shares with Udayana the honour of being attacked by Vadi Dava Suri, though in his estimation he was no equal of the elephantlike Udayana. Kanada, as pointed above, was criticised by Nemichandra." In his Nyayakandalipanjika, Ratnasekhara speaks of Kanada, his commentator, Pragasta karadeva (Prasastapida ), and the sub-commentaries, Vyomavati of Vyomsra vaoharya, Nyayakandali of Sridhara, Kiraravali of Udayana and Lilavati of Vatsacharya. The author of the Panjika studied the Nyayakandali with Jinaprabha Suri, Jinavallabha and Pradyumna Suri both read it.3 The Kharataragachchhapattavali refers to Sridhara's view on the nature of darkness. The young Kharatara acharya Jinachandra is said to have studied qalara, and defeated Padmachandracharya of Rudrapalli in a debate about it." Copies of the Nyayakandali have been found in many Jain Bhandars. Vamesvaradhvaja's Nyayakusumanjalisanketa, though now little khown, was a work of no little merit. We have palm-leaf and paper MSS of it in Rajasthan as well as Gujarat. *6 Bha-Sarvajna 18 represented by his Nyayasura and Nyayabhusana." Khandanakhanda-ichudyaka of Harsa probably reached Rajasthan early enough. There is a copy of it at Jaisalmer, dated V. 1291.48 The Sangha Bhandar at Pattan has a commentary on it by Anubhavasvarup. This 40. Quoted in the Introduction to the 87931219102731, p. 27. 41. atatizzariast of Jinapal (unpublished ). 42. See footnote 35, 43. JSI, footnote 432, 44. atat11231819 of 1991 (unpublished ). 45. Reference may also be made to faryo on it by Narachandra and fafsa alificaufa, both found in the Pattan Bhandara. 46. Catalogue of the Pattan Bhandara M88. I. PP. 103. 4. The name 'ft' is given in verse 2. I have seen old paper M88. of the book at Bikaner. 47. Ibid., Introduction in English, p. 43. 48. Jaina-pustaka-prasasti-Sangraha faet 19H , I, p. 119. 49. Catalogue of the Pattan Bhandara Mos., I. p. 372.
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________________ 640 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha early popularity of even an Advaitic work with the Jains probably was due not so much to their agreement with Harga's philosophy as to his brilliant dialectics which made short work of most systems of philosophy. It was difficult to maintain any thesis against his destructive dialectio system. It was in the Jain philosopher's own interest that he should become familiar with this new weapon in the armoury of Brahman pbilosophers. Pure Literature. The kavyas and natakas studied by the Jains of Rajasthan can conveniently be classified under three heads; (1) Works produced by Jain writers with a view to propagating their religious teachings, (2) Classical works of great masters like Kalidasa, (3) Other works. Let us have them in this order. Of Kavyas with a religious bias there is a good number, for the Jain teachers cultivated the art of poetry not so for its own sake as to carry the message of the Tirthankaras to the people in a form they liked best. The versatile Haribhadra suri is said to have written Kathakosa, Dhurtakhyana, Munipaticharita, Yasodharacharitra, Virangadakatha, and Samaraichchakaha. But of these only two, the Dhurtakhyana5o and Samaraichchakaha51 have been discovered so far. The Dhurtakhyana is a good satire on popular Hinduism. The Samarai. chchakaha is a Prakrit gadya-kavya interspersed with verses here and there. Its flowing style, easy prose, and absence of unnecessary ornamentation, coupled with an interesting narrative which drives home the Jain lesson that a man suffers on account of his bad actions and can rise only by cultivating good virtues, has made it very popular with the Jain writers of all ages and provinces. It was summarised into Sanskrit by Pradyuman Suri in V. 1324 ( 1267 A. D.).58 Haribhadra was followed by his pupil, Darginyanka Udyotana Suri who completed his great katha, the Kuvalayamala at Jalor in 778 A. D. 50. Published in the feet # 97471, 61. Edited by Hermann Jacobi. 52. By Siddharsi Suri, Vadi Dova Suri, Laksmana Gani, Malayagiri, Pradyumna suri etc. 58. Edited by Dr. Hermann Jacobi.
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________________ Authors and Subjects Studied in Rajasthan 48 in the reign of Vatsaraja Pratibara.54 The style is similar to that of tbe Naladamayantichampu of Trivikrama and the language used is Prakrit, though the writer has given a few descriptions in Apabhramsa and Paisachi also.56 The Katha was summarised into Sanskrit by Ratnaprabha Suri in the 13 th Century. Of the Jain poets earlier than himself Darshinyarka mentions Vimalanka, Ravisena, 68 Devagupta, 57 and Bhavaviraha 5 8 Another great literary writer was Sidddhargi Suri who completed his sfurava 1991 591 at Bhillamala in v. 962.69 It is as much a work of philosophy as of poetry and is one of the finest allegories in any language. Written in simple and easily understandable Sanskrit, because the vain people of his time has come to think slightingly of Prakrit, 60 and with a narrative as interesting as any folktale, it must have appealed not only to scholars but also to the masses who cared probably more for the story than the allegory that underlay its structure. His Nispunyaka is an unimitable character, just because it is true to life. Siddharsi's another literary creation was the Chandrakevalicharita. It was written in the G. L, 598, i, o. v. 974, i. e. twelve years after the composition of the upamitibhavaprapaJcA kathA.s1 The tenth century saw the composition also of the important A pabhramsa work, the Bhavisayatta Kaha of 7991262 Slightly later than him was Mahesvara Suri, who wrote his rather in Prakrit." He may have written also the saMyamamaJjarokAvya in apabhraMza. It is interesting to find in these books many old folk tales dressed out and presented in Jain garb. 54. See the extracts from it in the Introduction to the 393T410479 where the editor quotes a specimen of 18 dialects spoken at the time in India. 55. Author of the Padmacharita. 56. Author of the Padma Puran. 57. Writer of the f#1959afta. 58. Virahanka Haribhadra Suri. 59. zatian faqafsafgaslaafaa aikat: 1 jyeSThasitapaJcamyA punarvasau gurudine samAptirabhUt // 60. aar tsar raggragrage fetar ( sqfafawa5921, v. 51 ) 61. JSI. p. 186. F2. Published in the G, O. S. Referred to by piseft. 63. JSI, p. 187. A palm-leaf Ms. of the work, dated v. 1009 is said to have been at Jaisalmer.
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________________ zrImad vijaya rAjendrasUri - smAraka - graMtha Jaisalmer has a manuscript copy of Dhanpala's Tilakamanjari, dated V. 1130. Dhanapala himself, though originally hailing from the present Uttar Pradesh, had passed most of his life at the court of the Paramara rulers, Munja and Bhoja of Dhara. Some time after the Chaznavite invasion of western India, he went to Satyapura and probably stayed there for some time."" He may have even ended his days there, for he was then an old man. It was here that he composed his Apabhramsa poem, "Satyapuriya Sri Mahavira Utsaha" in praise of the Satyapura image of Mahavira. Earlier, probably at Dhara he had written the Risabhapanchasika, Mahavirastava, and a Sanskrit commentary on a poem written by his younger brother, Sobhana, in honour of the 24 Tirthamkaras.67 822 Dhanapala refers to a number of earlier poets, Jain as well as non-Jain, who may therefore be presumed to have been read by the people in his times. Of the Jain poets, viz, Padalipta, Jivadeva Suri, Haribhadra, Bappabhatti and Mahendra Suri. We have already said a few words about Haribhadra Suri. Padalipta was the author of the Prakrit poem, Tarangavati, the language of which had by Nemichandra's time become so archaic, that he had to summarise it into 1900 gathas.68 I have been unable to find anything about Jivadeva Suri, the predecessor of Dhanapala. Bappabhatti, mentioned by Dhanapala as the author of the Taragana, a poem no longer extant, was the friend and spiritual guide of Ama (Nagavaloka or Nagabhata II). Mahendra Suri was Dhanapala's guru. 69 Dhanapala's Tilakamanjari is one of the high-class, gadyakavya of Sanskrit.70 84. Catalogue of the MSS. in Jain Bhandars, (G. O. S.), 65. He received the title Sarsvati from Munja ( Tilakamanjari, V.) 66. Jaina sahitya samsodhaka, III, part 2. 67. JSI, footnote 216. 68. JSI., footnote 93. 69. See my "Studies in the Prabhavakacharita ( Bappabhatticharita,) Jain Antiquary. 70. Some scholars differ from this view. But one has only to go through even a few pages of the fato realise the unsoundness of the reasoning that would regard dhanapAla as a second class gadyakavi.
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________________ Authors and Subjects Studied in Rajasthan Vardhamana Suri (died 1021 A. D.) wrote the safafa498921 HAT." His disciple, Jinesvara Suri, the founder of the Kharataragachobha, added to Jain literature the nirvANalIlAvatI, vIracaritra and kathAkoSa'. Nirvanalilavati is no longer available. But we have its summary in Sanskrit by fratargiu.rs Jinesvara's disciple, Jinachandra, wrote the Samvegarangasataka, a MB. copy of which exists at Jaisalmer." The work appears to have been very popular, for it is referred to in more than one epigraph and many books." His codisciple fare wrote the great *41.76A At the suggestion of Prasannachandra, a disciple of Navangivpttikara' Abhayadeva, Gunachandra composed in Prakrit a poem called Mahavirachariam.76 It has eight prastavas and its extent is 12,000 slokas. await wrote the gardafta in v. 1168. Another Kharataragachchha scholar, Vardhamanacbarya, wrote the Prakrit the Adinathacharita in five avasaras. He uses Apabbramga also here and there." His Manoramacharita was composed in v. 1140.78 Purnabhadragani, a disciple of Jinapati Suri wrote the afagmafia. His van afiat was written at Jaisalmor in v. 1285." Lakshmitilaka. & disciple of the Kharatara Acharya, Jinasvara Suri, finished his & afra in v, 1311.80 Then in addition to these works of Kharatare scholars, from Vardhamana to Laksmitilaka, of which not only copies are found in Rajasthan, but which may on other grounds also be expected to have been studied in Rajasthan, there are many others of the period 9001300 A. D.) in the Jain Bhandars of Jaisalmer, 81 written not by Kharatgras but followers of other gachchhas. Of these some were certainly 71. Catalogue of M88, in Jain Bhandars, Introduction, p. 37. 72. Ibid., p. 50. Kathakosa like faafutajaat is in 19a. 73. Ibid., and the text of the catalogue p. 48 where the 'On' is wrongly ascribed to forat. 74. Ibid, p. 38, Text, p. 21. 75. Ibid. H. 38-9, footnotes. 75A. T930, verse 70. 76. Ibid, p. 45, Text, p. 38. 77. Ibid p. 45, Text p. 42. 78. Ibid. 79 Ibid. p. 49. 80. Ibid. p. 51. 81. Of these some have been noticed above. See the relevant footnotes.
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________________ 854 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri- smAraka - graMtha 6. studied in Rajasthan: in the case of others there is a strong probability, though absolute proof is lacking. We mention below some of them. Silacharya wrote the Chauppanna-mahapurusachariam" in V. 925. It has a prasasti of 48 verses presented to the Kharatara Jinabhadra which indicates its popularity among the Kharataras." Salibhadracharitra (Prakrit) was copied out in V. 1222,83 The Vilasavatikatha, an Apabhramsa work by Sadharana, (V. 1123) is based on the Samaraichchakaha of Haribhadra Suri.84 Devachandra Suri wrote the Santinathacharita in V. 1160. Its extent is 12000 Slokas and the language is Prakrit. 85 Prthvichandracharita of Santi Suri was written in V. 1161,86 Yasodeva Upadhyaya wrote the Chandraprabhacharita in V. 1178.87 Nine years later, came the Narmadasundarikatha of Mahendra Suri. in V. 1216 the Neminathacharita of Haribhadra Suri, in 1216 the Munisuvratucharita of Padmaprabha Suri, and in V. 1322 the Santinathacharita of Munideva which is based on the book of the same name by Devachandra, noticed above. 88 Maladhari Devaprabha wrote the mRgAvatIcaritra. Devachandra's disciple was the great Hemachandra, the spiritual guide of Kumarapala Chaulukya (v. 1199-122). His works probably reached Rajasthan during his life-time. His poetical works include the Dvyasrayamahakavya, Kumarapalacharita (Prakrit, Trisasthisalaka purusacharit and a number of stutis. The Sanskrit Dvyasraya was commented on by Abhayatilaka (V. 1312), a pupil of the Kharatara Laksmitilaka who is known to have revised his codisciple Purnakalasa's commentary on the Kumarapalacharita (V. 1307 ).89 Hemachandra's disciple Devachandra, wrote a play, the faa, in the preface to which he refers to Kumarapala's victory over Arnoreja, the ruler of Sapadalaksa." Another disciple, Ramachandra, wrote a large 82. Catalogue of Mes. in the Jaisalmer Bhandars, p. 39. 83. Ibid, p. 32. 84. Ibid, pp. 14-15, p. 19. 85. Ibid, p. 12. Introduction, p. 46. 86. Introduction, Jaisalmer Catalogue (G. O. S), p. 46 87. Catalogue of Mas in the Jaisalmer Bhandars. p. 33. 88. Ibid, pp 54; p. 27; p. 9, 27 and 30; p. 52. See also the Introduction. 89. JSI, p 410. 90. Catalogue of Mss. in the Jaisalmer Bhandars, p. 4. As pointed out
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________________ Authors and Subjects Studied in Rajasthan 855 number of poems 80A and plays of which the best known are (1) vaanya, (2) arganya, (3) oglasia, (4) iglamia, (5) SATRAER Ta*, (6) asfasia, (7) ft , (8) gatina1972, (9) HE #1#$774, (10) digutune, (11) 941and ( 12 ) faith. Of the last of these, there is & manuscript (V. 1306 ) written in the reign of Maharajakula Udayasimha of Jalor." Ramchandra's literary achievement was great enough; but even greater was his pride in it. To Udayasimha's reign belongs also the agailienia, & play in six acts by another Ramachandra, a pupil of Jayaprabha suri." ? Another play, the ITHAT of referaft, a Ms, of which, dated V. 1286 has been found at Jaisalmer, refers to Udayasimha as a rival of the Baghola Viradhavala of Dholka.93 Classical Works: Along with the Kavyas written by Jain authors, the Jain community continued studying the works of great poets like Kalidasa, aven though some Jain teachers themselves would have preferred their confining to Jain works alone. 94 Kalidasa was regarded as the poet par excellence. Sumatigani mentions his Meghaduta. Asada commented on it. The high regard in which the poet was held is shown by the following verse quoted by Jinapala.05 kavayaH kAlidAsAdyAH kavayo vympybhii| parvate paramANau ca vastutvamubhayorapi / Vinayachandra calls him " Dipika-Kalidasa".00 Bharavi the writer of the Kiratarjuniya was well-known. Vinayachandra calls him "Chhatra-Bharavi" and recounts his name among those who had written Sadgranthas".7 Ai Jaisaimer there is a palm in the Introduction. Mr. C. D. Dalal is wrong in regarding this 499% ag Hemachandra's Guru. 90a, Called waaaxaf in the facarafur. 91, Gagtax stika197, p. 124. 92. Published by the a 1977 97YATSI, 419797, No. 60. 93. Published as G, O. S. No. 10. 9t. See for instance the view of Munibhadra siri in his Suntinatha charita. 95. "Kalidasa etc. are poets; 8o ara we. The property of being material objects belongs to the mountains and molecules alike". (Comment on the 5th verge of the Charchari.) 96. Pattan Catalogue of MSS. ( G.0.8.), p. 49. 97. Ibid.
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri-smAraka-graMtha leaf Ms. of a commentary on the Kiraturjuniya by Prakasavarsa Kasmiraka, son of Harsa. 8 But by the twelfth century, Bharavi's fame had been eclipsed by that Magha, the great Rajasthani poet from Bhillamala." Jinapala quotes the following well known verse about Bharavi and Magha.100 mAghena vinitotsAhA notsahante padakrame / smaranti bhAravereva kavayaH kapayo yathA // Vinayachandra mentions his name "Ghantamagha". Pradyumaoharya speaks of having studied the Magh-mahakavya.2004 There is a copy of Bhatti's Ramakavya at Jaisalmor. 101 We find it quoted also in some of the books on poetios produced in Gurjaratra. Much more popular than him was the great stylist, Harsa, the author of the Naisadhiyakavya. Jaisalmer has a copy of the Naisadhakavya bought in V. 1378 on the advice of Jinakusalasuri.103 It has also copies of a very old coinmentary, the Sahityavidya lhari,103 The poem probably reached Gujarat in Vastupala's time, and very soon became popular among Jains, as well as non-Jains. 104 Of Prakrit poets, Vakpatiraja, the author of the Gaudavaho, attained the greatest celebrity. Here is Vakpati's wife's opinion, as reported by Jinapala.105 hohiMti keci je te na yANimo, je gayA namo tANa / saMpai iha je kaviNo, te maha paiNo na saricchA // 98. Jaisalmer Catalogue of Plam-leaf MSS., p. 55. 99. See my "Gleanings from the Sigupalavadha " for some idea of the life in the 8th century. 100. "With their Zeal (for poesy ) impeded by Magha, poets compose not a single line. They think only of (the poet ) Bharavi, acting thus like monkeys who with their agility gone on the onset of the cold month ) of Magha, have no desire to stir even a step. They think only of the Sun." Comment on the 4 th verge of the Charchari. 1008. Kharataragachchhapattavali (Unpublished ). 101. Catalogue of Palm-leaf M88. in the Jaisalmera Bhandars, 102. Ibid., 103. Ibid., 104. Prabandhakosa, p. 60 (Singhi Granthamala) where we get the story of its being slyly copied out by Vastupala from Harihara's manuscript. 105 "We know uot the future poets; our salutations to those who are no
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________________ Authors; and Subjects Studied in Rajasthan There is a palm-leaf manuscript of the Gaudavadhasar atyka at Jaisalmer.106 Copies of the work at Pattan and the story of his friendship with the Jain scholar and teacher, Bappabhatti Suri, also bespeak his popularity in the Jain world.107 Dhanapala offers his homage among others to Vyasa, Valmiki, Gunadhya, Bravarasena, Rajasekhara, Rudra, Kardamaraja, Bana and Bhavabhuti. From Haribhadra we get the names of Harsa and Suban. dhu. Additional names from the Kuvalavamala are Satavahana. Sat parnaka, and Prabhanjana. It is therefore obvious that most of the non-Jain Sanskrit and Prakrit literature was studied by the Jain laterati, ( a fact proved also by the facility with which they quote these authors in their books on rhetorics ), 108 though possibly not by the people in general who may have remained satisfied, as now, with a few stutis and the three R's. Vyasa and Valmiki, the authors of the Mahabharata and the Ramayana are too well known to need any introduction. Gunadhya was the author of the Brhatkatha which may have been known in its Paisachi version up to Dhanapala's time. He is regarded as a contemporary of Satavahana, the author of the Gathasaptati. Pravarasena wrote the Prakrit poem, Setubandha or Ravanavadha. Rajagekhara is the writer of the Balaramayuna, Balamahabharata, Karpuramanjari, the Viddhasalabhanjika, and the Kavyamimamsa. Thus the Kavyamimumsu is known to have been utilised by Homachandra, Nemikumara's son Vagbhata, Amarchandra and Vinayachandra.109 Kardamaraja is praised as the creator of jewel-like nice sayings.'110 Prabhanjana may be Prabhanjana or Hanuman, the reputed author of more. But of the present poets there is none who equals my husband. " Comment on the 6th verse of the Charchari. 106, Catalogue of Palm-leaf Mss. in the Jaisalmer Bhandars. 107. See the Bappabhattisuricharita of the Prabhavakacharita, where Bappabhatti is depicted as Vaianava and friend of Bappabhattsuri. 108. See for instance the ala of Ramachandra and Gunachandre which brings to light many unknown works even. 109. See the Introduction to the #14a1atar Third edition. (G.O.S.), XXXIV, 110. J SI, p. 203. 9.6
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________________ 646 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka - pratha the Hanuman-nataka.111 Mayura (not enumerated in the last paragraph) is mentioned by Jinapal.11 112 Vinayachandra mentions Bhoja as a great writer. It is not unlikely that many of his poetic works also may have reached Rajasthan, though the only one found at Jaisalmer is a Katha, the .113 Jaisalmer catalogue lists also aga and virahiNIpralApam, the works of an otherwise unknown poet named kali. 114 Other poems known to us from Jaisalmer are Bilhana's fanigeqafen; vRndAvanayamaka; meghAbhyudaya of mAnAGka rAkSasakAvya ghaTakharparakAvya; and cakrapANivijaya of Lakshmidhara. 114A Bana is the celebrated author of the Harsacharita and Kadambari. Jinapati Suris rival, Pradyumnacharya, studied the Kadambari.115 Even his other rival, the much-ridiculed Padma Prabha, knew of Kadambari and accused Jinapati Suri of plagiarizing from it.116 Quotations from both Kadambari and Harsacharita abound in Jain books on rhetorics. Subandhu was the author of ara a prose romance similar to Kadambari. A palm leaf Ms. of V. 1207 is in the Jain Bhandars of Jaisalmer.117 The of Bhoja, listed above, is also a romance. The of Rudra, mentioned by Dhanapala may have been in prose. lIlAvatI kathA of kautUhala ( ? ) son of bhUSaNabhaTTa, and grandson of Baha laditya) is in Prakrit verse,1 117 A and according to Sri Lalchandra Bhagwandas Gandhi, can Lie with Kadambari in poetic beauty.11 117B It is obvious from its palm leaf Ms. of V. 1265 that it was written in the twelfth century or even earlier. The Ganadharasardhasatakabrhadvrtti mentions elightyfour dramas as studied by Jinavallabha,118 This would mean that he had studied 111. Should be treated only as a guess. 112. kharataragacchapaTTAvalI ( unpublished ). 113. Catalogue of Mss. in the Jaisalmer Bhandars, p. 35. 114. Ibid, p. 29, I am doubtful about the ascription to f. 114A. Introduction to the above, pp. 56-9. 115. kharataragaccha paTTAvalI of jinapAla ( unpublished ) 117. jaina pustaka prazastisaMgraha, I ( siMdhI jaina granthamAlA ), 117a. Catalogue of Mss. in Jaisalmer Bhandars, pp. 28-29. From the 23rd . 116. Ibid. verse, it is obvious that the name of the author was 117b. Introduction to the above, p. 55. 118. Quoted in the Introduction to the , p. 20.
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________________ Authors and Subjects Studied In Rajasthan 859 practically all the classical dramas, besides those written by Jain writers themselves. How comprehensive the study of some of the Jain writers could be can be seen from the ai of Ramachandra and Gunachandra who quotes from fifty-five dramas, some of them, now no longer extant. 119 Bhavabhuti, praised by Dhanapala is well known. But in this age, when form predominated over sense, Murari appears to have been specially popular. of Jaisalmer has a palm-leaf Ms. of a commentary on Murari by Narachandra120 who is known to have been connected with Jain families in Nagor.121 His Guru Devaprabha's opinion on Murari is worth quoting: qsda qza qeu fagaria: gararefa-syafa agar sandteeqnazazygl | aIadizgaea yea woftdi'quodiaffnar gaar gagui fastanya atur: quifazza: 112 Pradyumnacharya, also, when speaks of his studies of dramas, mentions murArinATaka only, 123 1. 6. anargharAghava. Narachandras pupil, Narondraprabha, on the other hand, exemplies dramas by saying ag-aalangafty", showing thereby that Kalidasa still maintained his supremacy as a dramatist, 124 Minor poets Rajasthanis must have studied the works of many other poets, now no longer extant. It was not every Kavya that received the encour agement of the Jain teachers. They banned in temples the performance of popular plays like those dealing with the life of Rama and Ravana; they presented only those dramas which induced people either to 119. Published in the Gaekwad Oriental series, see the Introduction, 120. Catalogue of Mss. in Jaisalmer Bhandars p. 215. 121. " vi. saM. 1405 varSe rAjazekharasUrimantrivastupAlamAtRpakSagurutvena suratrANasanmAnitanAgapurIya sAdhupUnasya vandanIya kulagurutvena ca gurumenaM samasUcayat / 33 (Introdution to 122. Catalogue of Palm-leaf Mss. in the Pattan Bhandaras p. 301. The quoted lines are the first halves of Verses 3 and 4. I have come across no greater Praise of Murari. 123. kharataragacchapaTTAvalI of jinapAla ( unpublished ). G.O. S. p. 15). 124. aognaglasa, comment on V. 5 of Kavyas. Narendraprabha says ' kAvyeSu, raghuvaMzAdiSu. "
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________________ 860 bhImad vijayarAjendrasari - smAraka - graMtha lead a religious life or to renounce the world. 124A This policy, though not followed consistently, has led, we fear, to the extinction of a good many popular poems that, otherwise, would have preserved in the Jain Bhandars. So all that we have now are a few nice rasos like the Bharata Bahubali Ghor, Gajasukumara Ras, Neminath Ras, and Bharatesvara Bahubali Ras; and agafest a fairly large number of short pieces commemorating either the initiation or death of Jain Gurus, 134B Metrics: On metrics Rajasthanis studied a number of good books. Specially popular was the , a book in eight chapters which is known to have been studied and taught by Jinavallabha,1 125 and is mentioned also by Jinapala in the Kharataragachcha-Pattavali.126 Jaisalmer has a Ms., not only of the original texts, but also of commentary on it by Harsata, son of Bhatta Mukula 127 Kaisikha, a work in Prakrit dealing with 8 and is, of which there is a palm-leaf Ms., dated in V. 1190, is probably equally old. Jaisalmer has its text and a commentary on it by Gopala, son of Bhatta Chakrapala, 128 Two years later is the manuscript of Jayakirti's gate which he said to have written after consulting the works of Mandavya, Pingala, Janasraya, Satava, Pujyapada, and Jayadeva.129 Chhandonusasana of Hemchandra may be presumed to have become known along with his other works in the second half of the 12th century A. D. Alankarasastra (Poetics): Specially popular with the Jain literati was the study of ragnaA. The gaNadhara sArdhazataka bRhadvRli speaks of Jinavallabha's study of the alaGkArazAstras of 124A. Of. the following from the upadezaratrAyanarAsa of zrIjinadattasUri :dhammiya nADaya vara nacijjahiM, bharaha - sagaranikkhamaNa kahijjahiM / cakkavaTTi - ba - rAyaha cariyaI, nacivi aMti hu~ti pavvaiyaI // 36 // 124B. For a collection of these on the gif chand Nahta and Bhanwarlal Nahta. ( apabhraMzakAvyatrayI ), p. 47 edited by Sri Agar 125. gaNadharasArghazatakabRhadvRtti quoted in the introduction to the apabhraMzakAvyatrayI, p. 20. He taught also other books on Metrics, which remain unnamed. 126. Unpublished. 127. Catalogue of Mss, in Jaisalmer Bhandars, pp. 29-30. 128. Ibid.. p. 30. 129. Ibid., p. 30.
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________________ CE? Authors and Subjects Studied in Rajasthan Rudrata, Udbbata, Dandin, Vamana, and Bhamaha eto.130 Pradyumnaobarya studied the Kavyaprakasa of Mammata.181 Kavyalankara of Rudrata is a well known work. Its popularity among the Jains is shown by the commentaries of afary and Asadhara.132 Udbhata is represented at Jaisalmer by two Mss. of 3.2 gifer.188 Dandins Kavyadarsa bas there a commentary, the EITTAI, the palm leaf manuscript of which was written in V. 1161.134 Vamana also, was popular enough.135 Bhamaba, the writer of the book known after him, as HIHETETT is regarded by S. K. De as earlier than Dandin. Kavyaprakasa of Mammata, one of the best productions of the safar school of poetics Jaisalmer has a number of commentaries on it.136 Earlier than the kAvyaprakAza are the kAvyamImAMsA of rAjazekhara, referred to above, and the vakroktiofaa of goals, both of them represented by means of palm leaf Mss. at Jaisalmer,187 where we have Mss. also of Prakrit sagite (copied V. 1161 ), #ateriale, a commentary on Halayudha's farcit (copied v. 1216. and the acarfaan (copied V. 1205 )138 Hemachandra's 5171TTIHA was composed probably about the middle of the 12th century. How fond the Jains were of ETTs, and expert in their use can be seen from Jinapala's atat,3981aat and the commentary on the Charchari. In the latter he extols Jinavallabha, for his proficiency in 1971678.189 It was ridiculous to think bigbly of poets who knew only 7* and years bandhas. Jinavallabha was a master of Khadga, saptachakrika, Gaja dalaw and various other band has. In his poem he used Sanskrit and Sanskrit and Prakrit in equal proportions, as he wished. 140 He was good at completing verses (Herrga), by either composing the remaining quarters or supplying the missing verbs etc.141 Jinapati 130. uugaraaaaaaale Quoted in the Introducation to the 293174177at, p. 290. 131. alati energet (unpublished ) 132. Introdaction to the Thera, (G. O, S.), p. 21. 133. Catalogue of Mr. in Jaisalmer Brandara, pp. 24, 38. 184. Ibid, introduction, p. 62. 135. Jaisalmer has one manuscript. For quotations from it see the Thetla. 136. Catalogue of 1188 in Jaisalmer Bhandars, pp. 50, 12, 34, 36. 137. Ibid. p. 5, 25 138. Ibid. p. 5, 22, 88, 39. 139. #174184741, p. 5, 6. 140. Ibid p. 6 141. He was honoured for his qila by auf of M&lw.
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrari-smAraka-graMtha Suri's achievements in the field of street were no less, If Jinavallabha pleased Naravarman of Malwa by his unfaiga, Jinapati gladdened the hearts of the pandits in Prthviraja's court, not only by means of artigia, but by passing a fairly stuff test in ENTE. His description of Pfthviraja's court is excellent. The verse that he presented in gara to the ruler makes good sense, He challanged Padmaprabha for & debate on subjeots like Prakrit, Sanskrit, Magadhi, Paisachi, and Saurageni languages; prose, poetry, grammar, metrics, Poetics, Rasa, drama, logic, jyotisa ( astrology and astronomy), and Jaina Siddhanta. He also wished his rival to question him about any difficult verse that needed explanation, or to put before him & verse that lacked some root or noun, a question or an answer, or something without which it could not give any sense. He could give the needed verse even if there were either no vowels or consonants; he could restore to their true order the letters of a verse that he heard even once. He knew also about the musical ragas, and could compose to order a song in any raga sung before him.142 These achievements seem wounderful, but that a good scholar was expected to have them can be seen from the various afaretatis of the period as well as the Sarangadharapaddhati, which is full of verses and exercises of this type. For a poet mere pratibhA (genius ) was not enough, he was also to have vyutpatti and abhyAsa.143 eruje was to be under the direction of a poet. Efe was the result of the study of various arts, sciences, and scriptures, 14 4 Grammar Knowledge of grammar was specially insisted on. An old verse quoted by Jinapala states that one who tires his hands at any other Sastra, without studying grammar, verily tries to count the steps of a snake that had long ago slipped into water in the darkness of the night.145 His Guru's Guru, Buddhisagara was the first Svetambara teacher to write a comprehensive Sanskrit and Prakrit grammar, the 142. aratnagigiant ( unpublished ) 143. argitaktefa:, (G. O. 8), p. 8. 144. 14 vaalearing #743174#ung al afeg a siteogagrafi far end Il ell Ibid. p. 8. 145.21877971, p. 3.
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________________ Authors and Snbjects Studied in Rajasthan 863 Panchagranthi (qt).146 It was composed at Jalor in V. 1080, after consulting the works of Panini, Chandra, Jinendra, Visranta and Durga 147 and is known also as Buddhisagara and Sabdalaksma. Instead of being in Sutra form, it was in verse, and thus as a grammar it stands in a class by itself. 148 Hemchandra, the guru of Kumarpala, was another great grammarian, His faKEN was produced in Siddharaja-Jayasimhas reign and gradually displaced some of the older grammars, the,,, etc. It is divided into eight chapters. The first seven dealing with Sanskrit and the last one with various Prakrits and Apabhramsa. With the Sutras are his own commentaries, Pradyumnacharya studied Haima-Vyakarana,149 A copy of Hemachandra's gf copied as early as V. 1206, has been found at Jaisalmer.149 Hemchandra's younger contemporary, Malayagiri wrote the . Panini, Patanjali, and Bhartrihari were known Haribbadra as grammarians, a fact that proves the popularity of the Paninean system in beginning of our period. This popularity oontinued, though in a lesser degree, after the composition of newer grammars like the sarasvatIkaNThAbharaNa and siddhahaima. Jinavallabha studied eight grammatical systems, of which the only one named, however is that of Panini. 150 Jaisalamer Bhandars have manuscripts of kAtantrottaram ( vidyAnandam ), kAtantravRttipaJjikA of trilocanadAsa, kAtantravRttidurgapadaprabodha of prabodhamUrti and kAtantravibhramaTIkA of jinaprabhasUri which shows the continued vitality of the kAtantra system in Rajasthan.15 There are also a few miscellaneous works like the vibhaktivicAra ( written V. 1206 ), and vyAkaraNacatuSkAvacUri which show the people's interest in grammar. Ii is a matter of regret that some of to 151 146. Catalogue of Mss. in Jaisalmer Bhandar, p. 20. Reason for its composition is thus given by Jinesvara suri, 'tairavadhIrite yattu pravRttirAvayoriha / tatra durjanavAkyAni pravRtteH sannibandhanam kIdRzAni durjanavAkyAnItyAhakSabdalakSma pramAlakSma yadeteSAM na vidyate / nAdimantastato hyete paralakSmopajIvinaH / tathA ca kiM jAtamityAha zrI buddhisAgarAcAryairvRttervyAkaraNaM kRtam / asmAbhistu pramAlakSma vRddhimAyAtu sAmpratam / 147. Ibid. Introduction, p. 56. footnote, 148, See footnote 146, last but one line, 149. kharataragacchapaTTAvalI of jinapAla ( unpublished ) 1498. jainapustaka prazastisaMgraha ( siMghI jaina graMthamAlA ) p. 105. 100. gaNadhara sArdhazataka bRhadvRtti quoted in the Introduction to the apabhraMzakAvyatrayI, p. 20. 151. Catalogue of Mss. in the Jaisalmer Bhandars; Introduction, pp. 57, 58
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________________ 864 zrImad vijayarAjendrari-smAraka-paMtha the Mss. in the Bhandars cannot be fully identified on the basis of their description by O. D. Dalal.152 Lexicography, Closely connected with graminar is lexicography. The Jaisalmor Bhandars have Mss. of potag14, fenig iaalaam of TAT, paralyst of eft, 2999 Al of fa, #Calator of faza try, and HTfarachfoizit.158 ___ zabdaratnapradIpa has been mentioned more than once in the gaNadharasArdhazataka afa of gafa for completed v. 1293 )154 It must therefore be regarded as an old lexicon, As Jinabhadra, the author of the 3199991qald calls himself an attendant (sevaka ) of jinavallabha and jinadatta,155 the lexicon may have been composed about 1150 A. D. Hemachandra's faigua is accompanied by his commentary. Besides that Hemachandra wrote four lexicons, afwarafaarafor, alene, gaitalania and Paugera, all of them, except perhaps the last, accompanied by his own commentarios. qarqatge is Mabendra Suri's commentary on Hemachandra's BatesaMgraha.75 ekAkSaranAmamAlikA of vizvazambhu is represented by a single paper manuscript. 157 One cannot therefore be sure of its age. Jyotisa and Samudrika, etc Jinavallabha was a good student of salas, and is said to have more than once demonstrated his knowledge of it. 16 Jinapala supplements the statement by saying that he was an expert not only in logic and philosophy but also in astrology, mathematics ( trova ) and qgaat#rafaai etc. 158 If we add to this, the subject mentioned in the TEITAEIPE as necessary for the actie of a poet, 160 we have a ver good idea of the subjects studied, partially or fully, not only b Jains, but also the non-Jains. These additional subjects were !! 162. Ibid, pp. 56-57 etc. 153. Ibid, pp. 63-64. 164. Catalogue of Mss. in Jaisalamer Bhandars, Introduction p. 63. 155. Ibid, 64, 156. Ibid, p. 63 187. Catalogue of the Mss. in Jaisalmer Bhandars, p. 57. 789ta also is represented by a paper Mo. only, though it is an old composition. 158. A good portion of ghfarfo's account is devoted to facts testifying to Jinavallabha's expert knowledge of astrology 159. 8795129134777, p. 6. 160. SEITETTa (G. O, S.) p. 8
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________________ Authors and Subjects Studied in Rajasthan 865 kakSaNa, bharata, vAtsyAyanaprantha, cANakya, zruti, smRti, purANa, itihAsa and gharthazAstra. 100 Bharata must refer to bharatanATyazAstra, vAtsyAyanaprantha to vAtsyAyanIya kAmasUtra, and cANakya to the after anderer, 161 That there were books on all these subjects and some others too can be seen from the Sarangadharapaddhati which has sections on Rajaniti, elephants, horses, military science, music, herbs and plants, omeng, svarodaya, antidotes of poisons, Kautukas, bhutavidya, Yoga and Kalpasthana, the Prabhavaka charita mentions seventy two arts and sciences learnt by Prince Ama (Nagavaloka), but of these some may not actually have been subjects of our study during our period.162 A shorter and more authentic list is to be found in the upamitibhavaprapaJcAkathA of siddharSisUri, according to which the subjects learnt by princes fegers and afada were all screpts, Mathematics, grammar, astrology, astronomy, prosody, dancing, cutting patterns, indrajala, military science, medical science, logic, and characteristics of people.163 Some of these could obviously be subjects of study, not for the Jain monks and nuns, but only the common laity, whether Jain or non-Jain. That there were books also on architecture and fine arts can be seen from the Mss. in the Jain Bhandars, and inferred from the buildings that adorn all parts of Rajasthan. Additional subjects studied by non-Jains. Non-Jains naturally studied a few subjects, that were their own, much more than the Jains or Buddhists. Study of the Vedas continued as before in certain centres like Bhinamala which produced the great Brahman poet and scholar, and continued to be a centre of Brahmanic learning at least up to the time of Kanhadadeva of jalor. Even now the Srimali Brahmanas hold a special position in Rajasthan, have been found at Jaisalmer and Pattan. 161. Rare commentaries on the 182. P. 152 (Nirnayasagar Edition) 163; Prastava 3, chapter 1; Prastava 4. chapter 2, Siddharsi's, opinion on jyotiSa &nd nimittazAstra is worth quoting. He writes, Astrology ' nimittazAstra and similar other subjects, the results of which lie beyond human ken, were first taught by . If the prediction goes wrong, it is the professor of the science who is to believe and not the science itself. People have only a limited knowledge of them. They do not know their sub-division. ' 109
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasari-smAraka-graMtha not on account of their present learning, but the reputation that their ancestors must have built up during our period. According to Padmanabba's openion Bhillamala had 45000 Brahmanas. They knew the four Vedas with their angas., the eight grammatical systems, fourteen vidyas, eighteen Puranus, Ayurveda, Bharata (Natyasastra ), jyotisa, Pingala ( metrios ), Baji (asvagastra ) and nataka. In every house there was a yajnasala and agnihotra. They knew the secrets of the Smritis and performed the six karmans. They daily performed sacrifices and offered their shares to the gods, beginning with Indra.164 Alberuni know Bhillamala as the home of the astronomer, Brahmagupta,165 The Prthvirajavijaya speaks of the yajnas at Ajmer, 169 which again proves the continuity of the Vedic tradition among the Brahmanas. Similarly in the pasupata monasteries at Harsa, Ekalinga etc., the study and practice of this Pasupata principles must have been given the first place.167 As to secular subjects, they must have been the same for the Jains and non-Jains. The non-Jains also produced good poets and studied poetry. If the number of times, a poet is quoted be any index of his popularity among the people, the poets most studied in Saragadhara's time were Kalidasa, Magha, Trivikrama, 166 Bhartphari, Jayadeva, Ksemendra, 169 Dandin and Bana. Next in order followed waca, guilt, radar, #aula, dant, Damodaradeve, Harihara, 170 Harga, Jayamadhava, Bhallata, Krsnamisra, Harigana, Bhana, Harigana, Bhanu, Mayura, Raghavachaitanya, Narayanabhatta, Laksmidhara, Gauda, Abhinanda, Chandradeva and Bhasa. Vigrabaraja's prasasti on the Asoka pillas has been quoted, though the pillar has been wrongly described as sacrificial post erected by Nrga. Of women poets Saragadhara notes Vijjika, Silabhattarika, Vikratanitamaba, Phalgustani, and Padmasri. If all this literature was being studied in Rajasthan, there can hardly be any doubt of the fact that more Rajasthanis knew and studied Sanskrit than they do at present. 164. 41783TFU (FIFT gerara Afet ) p. 165. Sachan Alberanui's India p. 166. 167. Reference exhibited specialy to the Harsa inscription, 168. Author of the Naladamayanti-champu. 169, Author of the 2674418 , , wilfar fan af etc. 170. A contemporay of ae97.
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________________ A PHAGU-POEM IN THE SIMHASANBATRISI ( 1560 A. D. ). AN OLD GUJARATI STORY - BOOK BY SIDDHISURI By Dr. Bhogila] J. Sandesara, M. A., Ph. D. Professor and Head of the Department of Gujarati, M. S. University of Baroda. Phagu is a form of literature in Old Gujarati (old Western Rajasthani) describing the erotic joys of spring. I had re-edited in the Journal of the Oriental Institute, Vol. II, No. 3 (March 1953) two Phagu-poems in early Gujarati, viz. the Sthulibhadra Phagu (circa 1334 A. D.) of Jinpadmasuri and Neminath Phagu (circa 1349 A.D.) of Rajasekharasuri, as these two were prescribed by the M. S. University of Baroda for the B. A. (Special) examination in Gujarati for the year 1954 and 1955. I also added there short introductory remark for the students. The literary form of Phagu has a long and varied history in Gujarati literature, and a large number of Phagus are available from the earlier times right upto the beginning of the 19th century A. D. The Prachin Phagu-Samgraha, Vol. III of the series of Old Gujarati texts (Prachin Gurjar Granthamala) published by the Gujarati Department of the M. S. University of Baroda which was out in June 1955, contains 38 Phagus composed from the 13th to the 17th century A. D. The Introduction to this work gives an account of the individual poems and their authors, and a historical study of the evolution of the Phagu-form on the basis of the available specimens. The Phagu-poem that is presented here could not be included in the Prachin Phagu-Samgraha, because the manuscript from which it is available was acquired after the whole volume was printed. It is hoped that its publicattion here will be useful to the students. My friend Shri Ranjit M. Patel, M. A., was working under my guidance on the problem of the story-cycles of Simhasana- batrisi for his Ph. D. We had acquired for him a large number of old mss. In ( 202 )
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________________ bhImad vijayarAjenari-smAraka-ya Sanskrit, Gujarati, and Rajasthani from different collections in Gujarat and Rajasthan, The Simbasana - Batrisi of Siddhisuri was one of them, Its manuscript was available from the Jaina Bhandar at Linch, a village near Mehsana ( North Gujarat ), through the courtsey of Muni Sri Punyavijayaji. As mentioned at the end, the work was composed in V. S. 1616 ( 1560 A. D. ) at Bareja near Ahmedabad by Siddhisuri, who was pupil of Jaysagara suri, the pupil of Devaguptsuri of the Bivandanika Gachha of Svetambara Jaina sect. The manuscript contains 38 folios and was copied down in V. S. 1788 ( 1732 A. D.) As suggested by the title, the work narrates thirtytwo stories of the adventures of Vikrama, as described by the idols on his throne, and the stomos are told in Gujarati poetry The sixteenth story tells that onco Vikrama decided to celebrate the festival of spring and the whole city was decorated at his order. Than a separate poom of 29 stanzas describing the joys of spring in the traditional style of the Phagu is inserted. There is not the least doubt that the poem is intended to be a separate Phagu. Probably it was written by the author earlier, and later on inserted in the running story at the appropriate place. Every stanza of the poem, except one or two, begins with the word i tho characteristic tag which is common with many other Phagus intended for singing in public. In the beginning the poet has described the beautiful damsels Ujjayini, the city ruled by Vikrama and then the decorations and festivities in the city. Then comes description of the joys of garden mentioning various trees and creepors blossoming in the spring, which is a regular feature of all Phagu-poem, long or short. The stanza 28 refers to playing of Phagu or Phaga ( For The) and stanza 29 mentions the playing and dancing during the season of spring. Thus, this is a short Phagu not devoid of poetic merit, which can be compared with many other specimens of this form, for which the curious reader is requested to refer to the Prachin Phagu-sangraha. Though the available manuscript of Siddhisuri is rather late, being copied down 172 years after the date of composition, and as such the language shows many traits of comparatively lator times, the poem is published here, because it will be a good supplement to the anthology of Phagus mentioned above. The following is the text of the Phagu by Siddhisuri
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________________ A Phagu-Poem in The Simhasanbatrisi siddhisUrikRta phAgu ( DAla phAganI ) Ahe vasaMta mAsa java AvINo, mAvIo vikrama rAo, karaha re mahotsava ghari ghari, ghaNore uchAha. 8 Ahe savi ziNagArIya, sArIya karaI katUhala geli, raMbha tiluttama jehavI tehavI mohaNaveli. 9 Ahe kezara sarasa kapUra ke, candana bharIyAM mATa, UDIya gUDIya gayaNale, pole bAMdhyA trATa. 10 Ahe bharIya paMDoSalI mokalI,malIya bharI jalapUri, keli kareM tihAM kAminI,bhAMminI yovana bhUri. 11 Ahe haveNi zanArIya, sArIya nagari majhAri, sarasa sindUrai citrita, te Upari dhaja sAra. 12 Ahe ghari ghari toraNa baMghIya, baMdiya muMke rAu, kuMkuma kero rola ke, vAI sIyala vAu. 13 Ahe vanasapatI savi morIya, pUrIya savikaheM Asa, mAMjyA maMDapa mokalA, vikalA nA pAsa. 14 mAhe savi zArIya TolIya, bholIya bhAminI mUri, caMdani racIya UgaTeM, siMthe bhario re siMdUra. 15 dIiM hatyohathi tAlIya, nAlIya boleM bola, pAe ghUgharI dhamaghameM, vihaseM kAma kapola. 16 mAhe gAiM gIta suraMgIya, caMgIya caraNA cIra, hAthe sovana cUDIbha, rUDIma sakala sarIra. 17 mukhi tambola sunahakaI e, lahake Ura vari hAra, rAMNi taDovaDi nArIya, sArIya kareM re zRGgAra. 18 Ahe ghari ghari nATika nAceM, e mAtra mahilAvRnda, puruSa miliyA savi sAmaThA, jANe iMda upiMda. 19 mAhe mastaka mukuTasuM opeM, o e bAjUbaMdha, candana cUmA caracita, aracita valIma sugaMdha. 20 Ahe deva dugandhakanI pareM, nara dIseM ati sAra, UjeNI nayarI tadA, jANe amarapurI bhavatAra. 21 Ahe phUlaphagara bharyA ati ghaNA,vividha kusumanI jAti,giruau marUo caMpaka,veli taNI bahu bhAMti. 22 Ahe vAlo volaziri valI,damaNo naI macakaMda, pADala pArIjAtaka tihAM, mAMhiM jAijUhanA vRnda. 23 Ahe ketakI karaNI mahakeM e, lahakeM e hAra zRGgAra, pAradhI parimala niratIya, saratIya gandhi zusAra. 24 mAhe mahamahatIya baha mAlatI moratI kareM apAra, phUle phalIyA ati ghaNA maheMmaheMtA sahakAra. 25 Ahe eha vasaMta eNI pari, peleM rAya mujAMNa, zatrukAre sai jimaI, ucita dII bahU dAMna. 26 mAhe dhUpaghaTI USevai ai, mahameM agara kapUra, Dhola DhamukeM DhamaDhama, napherI raNatUra. 27 mAhe mAratI bhAveM rAgani, rAga vasaMta mucaMga, phAga ramaha naranArIya, ima huha utsavaraMga. 28 iNI pari navanava vividha para peleM mAsa vasaMta / dAna deI maMgaNa naNaha nima pari gayA hasanta // 29 // *
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________________ saMdeza zrImAn sampAdakajI, zrImad rAjendrasUri nirvANa ardhazatAbdI smAraka-prantha, bhIlavAr3A ( rAjasthAna , ApakA dinAMka 18-7-55 kA patra hameM prApta huaa| hameM kheda hai ki hama Apake TraikTa ' zrI rAjendrasari ' aura ' vijJapti aura vinamra-vinaya ' kA uttara samaya para na de ske| jaisA ki Apako jJAta hogA hI ki usa samaya vizvavidyAlayoM meM parIkSA kA kArya hotA hai aura isa kAraNa adhyApakagaNa paryApta vyasta rahate haiN| astu, parIkSA meM saMlagna hone ke kAraNa Apake patroM kA uttara na diyA jA sakA / AzA hai Apa kSamA kreNge| Apake isa mahAn vidyAyajJa kI khabara sunakara atyanta prasannatA huI / Apake isa mahattvapUrNa prayatna meM hamArA hArdika sahayoga aura zubha kAmanAyeM haiN| parantu kAryavyastatA ke kAraNa hama kAryAnvita sahayoga na de pAyeMge / AzA hai Apa hamArI vivazatA samajha kara kSamA kreNge| lakhanaU vizvavidyAlaya, lakhanaU. . bhavadIya, 28-7-1955 dhIrendranAtha majumadAra priya mahodaya, bhIlavAr3A yaha jAnakara bar3I prasannatA huI ki zrImad rAjendrasUri smAraka-prantha nikala rahA hai| zrImadrAjendrasUrijIne svayaM hI apanA mArga prazasta kiyA aura dUsaroM ke liye pathapradarzaka bane / unakA cAritrika bala, unakI vidvattA aura nirbhIkatA sarAhanIya haiN| unake prantha hI unake sacce smAraka haiN| phira bhI kRtajJatA prakAzanArtha smAraka-prantha nikalanA Avazyaka hai / maiM lekha bheja kara isameM yoga denA apanA gaurava samajhatA; kintu svAsthya ke kAraNa vivaza huuN| jainadharmane ahiMsA, tyAga aura cAritrika RjutA ke jo Adarza hamAre sAmane rakhe haiM ve sarva dharmoM meM mAnya haiN| unake mAnane meM hI manuSyajAti kA kalyANa hai| bhAzA hai ina siddhAntoM kA pracAra isa smAraka-prantha dvArA ho skegaa| gomatI-nivAsa, AgarA vinIta, gulAbarAya 21-12-55
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________________ saMdeza priya mahodaya, bhIlavAr3A saprema harismaraNa / ApakA saujanyapUrNa patra 18-8-55 kA likhA milA, etadartha dhanyavAda / uttara derI se jA rahA hai, isake liye kSamA kareM / Apa isa grantha ke dvArA abataka dUra rahe jaina-sAhitya se jagat ko paricita karanA cAhate haiM aura isakI sAmpradAyika bhittiyoM ko tor3a denA cAhate haiM, ApakA yaha uddezya vastutaH sarAhanIya hai| ApakI yaha mAnyatA nitAnta satya hai ki jaina-sAhitya kisI samudAya-vizeSa kI sampatti na hokara jagat kI vastu hai / Apane isa grantha ke saMkalana meM merA sahayoga cAhA hai, isake liye meM ApakA kRtajJa hU~ / samayAbhAva ke kAraNa saMdeza ke rUpa meM kucha hI zabda likhakara maiM saMtoSa karU~gA / vastutaH merA jainadharmaviSayaka jJAna itanA nagaNya hai ki usake sambandha meM kucha bhI likhanA mere liye anadhikAra ceSTA hI hogii| maiM to kevala itanA kahU~gA ki bhagavAn saba ke haiM aura saba meM haiN| ve kisI bhI saMpradAya evaM dArzanikavAda kI sImA se Abaddha nahIM haiN| ve aise haiM aura aise nahIM hai, yaha kahanA unakI vyApakatA evaM mahAnatA ko kama karanA hai / avazya hI unako bhajane ke, unake samIpa pahuMcane ke mArga bhinna-bhinna haiN| kisI bhakta kavine kyA hI sundara kahA hai rucInAM vaicicyAdRjukuTilanAnApAthajuSA / nRNAmeko gamyastvamasi payasAmarNava iva // 'jisa prakAra sabhI nadiyoM kA jala sIghe athavA Ter3he mArga se bahakara anta meM jAtA hai samudra meM hI, usI prakAra sabhI manuSyoM kA antima lakSya eka hai; vahA~ taka pahuMcane ke mArga apanI-apanI ruci ke anusAra alaga-alaga haiN|' 'ekaM sad viprA bahudhA vadanti / ' satya tatva eka hai, usake nAma alaga-alaga hai| caivaloga usakI ' ziva ' nAma se upAsanA karate haiM, vedAntI usakA brahmarUpa meM apane hI aMdara sAkSAt karate haiM, bauddha unheM bhagavAna buddha ke rUpa meM dekhate haiM, naiyAyika loga unakA jagat ke saSTArUpa meM bhajana karate haiM, jainI mAI unheM 'arhat' rUpa meM pUjate haiM tathA mImAMsaka loga unakA 'karma' nAma se guNa-gAna karate haiN| ve mAlarUpa sarvavyApaka zrIhari hamArA aura Apa saba kA kalyANa kareM, saba ko sadbuddhi deM, saba ko apanI ora AkRSTa kreN| yahI unake zrIcaraNoM meM prArthanA hai yaM zaivAH samupAsate ziva iti brahmeti vedAntino / bauddhA buddha iti pramANapaTavaH kati naiyAyikAH //
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________________ 872 zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka -graMtha anityatha jaina zAsanaratAH karmeti mImAMsakAH / so'yaM vo vidadhAtu vAJchitaphalaM trailokyanAtho hariH // basa, itanA kahakara maiM Apake prayAsa kI saphalatA cAhatA hU~ / sarve bhavantu sukhinaH sarve santu nirAmayAH / sarve bhadrANi pazyantu mA kazcid duHkhabhAg bhavet // ' sabhI sukhI hoM, sabhI nirogI raheM, sabhI acche dina dekheM, kisI ko bhI duHkha kA bhAga na mile / ' anta meM maiM bhagavAn zrI RSabhadevajI kI nimnalikhita prAcIna zloka ke dvArA vandanA karatA huA apane liye unake AzIrvAda kI bhikSA karatA hU~ nityAnubhUtinijalA bhanivRttatRSNaH zreyasyatadracanayA cirasuptabuddheH / lokasya yaH karuNayA bhayamAtmalokamAkhyAnnamo bhagavate RSabhAya tasmai // " nirantara viSaya-bhogoM kI abhilASA karane ke kAraNa apane vAstavika kalyANa ke prati cirakAla taka udAsIna hue logoM ko jinhoMne karuNAvaza nirbhaya Atma-tatva kA upadeza diyA aura jo svayaM nirantara anubhava honevAle AtmasvarUpa kI prApti se saba prakAra kI tRSNAoM se mukta the, una bhagavAn zrI RSabhadevajI ko namaskAra hai / ' OM zAntiH zAntiH zAntiH / gItApresa gorakhapura mArgazIrSa kR. 2, saM. 2012 vinIta, cimmanalAla gosvAmI The Editor, Shrimad Rajendrasuri - Smarak-Granth, Bhilwara, Mewar - Rajasthan, India. Dear Sir, I greatly admired all the work of the late Rajendrasuri, in particular his lexicographical achievement in the "Abhidhana Rajendra Kosha", but I am afraid my present commitments make it impossible for me to promise a contribution to the Memorial Volume. } University of London. W.C.I. 20th May, 1955. Yours faithfully, R. L. Turner.
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________________ Shri Daulat Singh Lodha, " Arvind ", B.A., Working Editor, "Sri Rajendra Suri Smarak Granth," Bhilwara, Mewar-Rajasthan. Dear Sir, I am glad to know that you are celebrating Shri Rajendra Suri's Nirwan Semi-Centenary. His life is a great example of the pursuit of truth and the practice of asceticism. I hope your Smarak Granth will inspire its readers with a love for saintly life. Dated New Delhi, the 22 May, 1955. Yours faithfully, S. Radhakrishnan ). Sr. Daulat Singhji Bhilwara ( Rajasthana ) Dear Sir I have received your letter of the 11th July 55 and I thank you very much for your kind feelings towards me. At present I am working on two different and quite complicated subjects. It is rather obligation to me to complete and submit them to our institution as early as possible. Therefore I am to write to you painfully that I don't find any time left for another work. Although I have a great respect for Srimad Rajendra Suri ji and sincerely want to fulfil your desire, yet I am helpless owing to the reason mentioned. In spite of it if I give you now the promise, I don't think, I would be able to keep it. I earnestly hope that you will excuse me for my inability, as I have explained the difficulties I have with me. I wish that your noble project may become successful. With kind regards. Santiniketan Yours Truly, 20th July, 1955. K. M. Varma 990
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________________ zrImad vijayarAjendrasUri - smAraka ya Shri. Daulatsingh Lodha, "Arvind ", B. A. Editor, Shri Rajendrasuri Smarak Grantha, House No. 11/55 - Bhilwara. Rajasthan. (Mewar Dear friend, Very glad to get your letter dated 8th August 1955 and the enclosed pamphlets about the Smarak Grantha you are bringing out in honour of Shrimad Rajendra Suri of revered memory. For reasons of health I am unable to prepare any paper on the topics given by you in your pamphlet. I wish all success to the-proposed Smarak-Grantha in honour of such a great Jain Sadhu and a scholar of world fame. His Abhidhana Rajendra Kos'a on our shelves is a standing monument of his scholarship and dynamic literary activity. With best wishes & kindest regards, Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, Poona. 28th September 1955. Yours sincerely, P. K. Goda. Curator. The Editor, Shrimad Rajendra Suri Smarak Grantha Bhilwara (Mewar, Rajasthan) Dear Sir, I am rather late to thank you for information regarding the Semicentenary Commemoration Volume for Shrimad Rajendra Suri together with a brief sketch of his life and a Special Request both which I have gone through with great interest. It is doubtful, as I am sorry to say, whether time with allow me to contribute to that proposed volume. But I wish to say emphatically that in the field of Jain researth no scholar can dispense of consulting the Suri's most valuable magnum opus, the Abhidhana Rajendra, as the big work was called very appropriately. Though thanks to research and editing work of 41/2, decades I am not unacquainted with Jain topics, I have never consulted that great Shvetambar Dictionary without a satisfying result. The Smarak
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________________ 98 saMdeza Grantha will be a monument preserving for all future the memory of that great and dearest scholar. I remain, dear Sir, Hamburg 13. Yours faithfully, 30th November, 1955 Walther Schubring, Ph.D., Hon. Member, Bombay Branch Royal As. Soc., Jain Academy of Jain Wisdom & Culture, Professor. The Board of Editors, " Shrimad Rajendra Suri Smarak Grantha" BHILWARA ( Mewar-Rajasthan ) India Dear Sirs, I am answering your kind invitation, addressed by you to our President, Prof. Giuseppe Tucci, concerning requested contributions for the Semi Centenary of the great writer Shrimad Rajendra-suriji. Much as our President would be interested in the matter, being a sincere admirer of the late writer, he cannot unfortunately send his contribution to your volume, as he is often travelling abroad, and cannot devote his time to outside interests. However, he wants me to thank you very warmly for your letter, and to express his high commendation of your very deserving initiative, to which he wishes every success. I remain, dear Sirs, with kindest regards, Yours sincerely Rome, 11 GIU 1955 The Secretary General (Mariano Imperiali)
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