Arvachin Gujarati Kavitama Mrutyunu Nirupan

Author(s): Bhanumati Jani
Publisher: Parshwa Publication
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/036417/1

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa DaoN. bhAnumatI jAMnI P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa DaoN. bhAnumatI jAnI | vitaraka pArzva pablikezana: amadAvAda P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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vitaraka bAbubhAI hAlacaMda zAha pArzva pablikezana nizApoLa, jhaverIvADa, rilIpha roDa, amadAvAda-380 001 prakAzaka DaoN. bhAnumatI jAnI 18, mANekanagara sosAyaTI, jaina maracanTa sosAyaTInI bAjumAM, pAlaDI, amadAvAda-380 007 prathama AvRtti : 1998 prata : 500 mUlya rUA. ra25-00 (c) DaoN. dhIrena eca. zAha lejhara kampojha lekhita" 10, rUpamAdhurI sosAyaTI, yogAnarsarI pAse, mANekabAga, amadAvAda-380 015 mudraka sarvodaya ophaseTa IdagA cokI pAse, premadaravAjA, amadAvAda, (gujarAta sAhitya akAdamInI sahAyathI pragaTa) P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arpaNa paramapUjyamAtuzrI kAntAbahena jAnIne P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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RNasvIkAra arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa' viSaya paranA mArA zodhanibaMdhane lagabhaga savAcha varSa lAgyAM. A bhagIratha kAryamAM mane aneka svajano, vaDIlo, mitronI madada ane mArgadarzana maLyAM che. jeno RNasvIkAra na karuM to naguNI kahevAuM. sau prathama parama pUjya svAmIzrI manuvaryajI (yogasAdhana Azrama pritamanagara), mArA pUjya pitAjI, sva. prabhulAla jAnI, parama pUjaya - bA - kAntAbahena jAnI, DaoN. dhIrubhAI parIkha mArgadarzaka adhyApaka, (adhyakSa, gujarAtI vibhAga, gujarAta yunivarsiTI, amadAvAda-9.), pri. zrI caturabhAI paTela (nivRtta AcArya ema. pI. ArTsa enDa ema. eca. paTela komarsa koleja phora vimena), pri. zrI sArAbhAI saMghavI (AcArya, ema. pI. ArTsa enDa ema. eca. paTela komarsa koleja phora vimena), pri. zrI madhubhAI bakSI (nivRtta AcArya jI. ela. esa. ArTsa kaoNleja, amadAvAda), su zrI sumitrAbahena Tebale, su zrI bhAminIbahena munasapha, zrImatI bhaktibahena vorA, pro. nIlAMjanAbahena (nivRtta adhyApaka, gujarAta kaoNleja), sva. jazavaMtabhAI ThAkara (nATyAcArya), zrI bipInabhAI parIkha (mahemadAvAda), zrI girIzabhAI sAgara kopIyarsa, zrImatI vidulAbahena mistrI, bho. je. vidyAbhavana, zrImatI rekhAbahena jozI graMthapAla ema. pI. ArTsa enDa ema. eca. paTela komarsa koleja phora vimena, zrImatI kapilAbahena paTela graMthapAla jI. sI. garlsa hAIskula, briTIza lAIbrerI, gujarAta yunivarsiTI, sAhitya pariSada graMthAlaya, gujarAta vidyApITha graMthAlaya, ema. je. lAIbrerI, pArtha prakAzananA bAbubhAI zAha, gujarAta sAhitya akAdamI - maMtrIzrI DaMkeza ojhA uparAMta aneka kavimitro, gajhalakAro, adhyApakonuM paNa RNa svIkAruM chuM. - DaoN. bhAnumatI jAnI P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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mRtyunuM dArzanika-kalAkIya Akalana je jAyuM te jAya', A hakIkate janma ane mRtyu vize zuM ApaNe tyAM ke zuM pazcimamAM, zuM vartamAnamAM ke zuM atItamAM anekoe aneka prakAre vicAraNA karI che. bahudhA A mRtyucitanamAM bhAvanAtmaka sama para AvavAnuM banyuM hoya ane banatuM hoya tema jaNAya che. enI nizcitatAno nakAra to karI zakAya tema nathI. to pachI enA vize zuM vicAravuM ? eka A prakAranI vicAradhArAmAMthI mRtyu nAmazeSa banI jIvAtuM jIvana ja kendramAM rahyuM che. to anyathA mRtyunI nizcitatAnA saMdarbhamAM jIvanano artha samajavAno ane mRtyunuM rahasya pAmavAno prayatna thayelo jovA maLe che. manuSyane A jIvanamAM mRtyuno anubhava prathama parAnubhUti dvArA thayo haze tyAre enA cittanI sthitie tareha tarehanA vaLAMko lIdhA haze. ApaNI pAse siddhArthanuM dRSTAnta sadAmojUda che. mRtyunA dazyamAMthI ja emaNe jIvananuM rahasya khojavAno prayatna ane puruSArtha kheDyo.mRtyu vize Ama dArzanika ciMtanAtmaka bhUmikAe pUrva-pazcimamAM kALakrame je vicAraNAo thaI che teno supere abhyAsa karI DaoN. bhAnumatI jAnIe A zodhanibaMdhanA prathama prakaraNamAM mAMDaNI rUpe teno samyak nicoDa ApavAno prayAsa karyo che. AmAM emanI vyutpannatA tathA Akalanazaktino supere paricaya thAya che. ahIMnuM prathama prakaraNa e rIte mananIya banI rahe che. parantu zodhanibaMdhano viSaya to che "arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa'. Ama, eka taraphathI mRtyu vizenI vividha dArzanika bhUmikAo che to bIjI taraphathI teno dArzanika daSTie nahi, paNa kavi kalAkAranI dRSTie vyApAra-viniyoga kevI rIte thayo che te che. AthI mRtyunI ghaTanAne eka kalAkAra kaI rIte jue che, enI pAse kevA saMdarbho che, vagerenI pratyakSatAmAM ene nihALavAno, nANavAno upakrama che. - DaoN. bhAnubahena jAnIe prathama ane bhUmikArUpa prakaraNamAM mRtyunI atratatra thayelI tAttvika vicAraNAno sadaSTAMta paricaya ApI, pachInAM prakaraNomAM arvAcIna gujarAtI sAhityanA itihAsanA tabakkAvAra kAvyasarjanane tapAsyuM che. paNa e ya pUrvenA prakaraNamAM kavitAmAM mRtyunA nirUpaNanI pIThikArUpe temaNe madhyakAlIna kavionI A viSayanI vicAraNA tapAsI che, to lokasAhityamAM te viSayanuM kevuM nirUpaNa thayuM che te ya tapAsyuM che. - eka lokagItamAM "nagarasAsaremAM zokya ApelI cUMdaDImAM viSa bheLaveluM hatuM ane tene kAraNe mRtyune varelI e abhAgI strInI citAnuM varNana lokakavi A rIte alaMkArapUrvaka kare che tyAre emAM dila kaMpAvanAro karuNa niSpanna thayA vagara raheto nathI : - sonalavaraNI bAnI ceha baLe che ne rUpalAvaraNI bAnI rAkha UDe che. to bhajanaDhALamAM kavi pITho mRtyunI nizcitatA sAme jIvananI kSaNabhaMguratA mUkI, jIvanamAM abhimAnathI dUra rahevAnI vAta sarasa rIte karI le che. P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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kyAM jaI re'zo rAta AtamajIvaDA, gADuM bharyuM caMdana lAkaDe caDavAne ghoDI kATa - cAra jaNAM tuMne upADI cAlyA khokharI hAMDImAM lIdhI Aga." dayArAme mRtyunI manuSyane sUjhasamaja nathI tene udAharaNa dvArA kAvyAtmaka rajUAta karI che - 'mUrakha tuM samaje nahi - AyuSya ochuM thAya; jyama sarovaranI mAchalI samaje nahi salila sukAya re.' sudhArakayugamAM kavi dalapatarAma mitra phArbasanA mRtyuno zoka phArbasavirahamAM kathanAtmaka-varNanAtmaka-bhAvabhAvanAtmaka rIte rajU kare che. temAMnI A eka bhAvamaya ukti juo : a "vhAlAM tArAM veNa svapnAmAM paNa sAMbhare nehabharelAM neNa pharI na dIThAM phArabasa' to vaLI bhavAnIzaMkare karasanadAsa mULajInA avasAnanimitte "kRSNaviraha' kAvya lakhyuM che. temAM vRttimaya bhAvAbhAsano Azraya laI nija zokane Ama varNavyo che : pazupaMkhIe jhUravA mAMDyuM chAMDyuM caratA ghAsa cakalAe cAro tyajyo mukha caratA, dilagIrIthI udAsa." zeTha vallabhadAsa popaTe mahuvA gAmanA jANItA zikSaka mAhezvara IcchArAmanA mRtyazokathI vikalita potAnA hRdayabhAvane AvI rItyAtmaka abhivyakti ApI che : vAra "chaNa chaNa chaNa bALe chApa chAtI chapANI guru guru guru boluM netramAM pUrNa pANI." jyAre narmada "narmakavitA'mAM "nava karazo koI zokamAM mRtyunuM ciMtana rajU karatAM tene zokAkula prasaMga tarIke levA karatAM maMgala niyati tarIke levAnuM kahe che, ane te mATe himmata rAkhavA sUcave che. jagatanIma che, jananamaraNano daDha hajo himmatathI." snehamudrAmAM govardhanarAma mRtyujanita zokanuM Akhare zamana thAya che tema svIkAre cheH janana maraNa ne raDavuM hasavuM thaze lInA aMte anaMta pravAhamAM maLe.' P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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to vaLI baLavattarAya ThAkora mRtyunA zokane mAtra lAgaNIveDAnI sthitie nahIM parama bauddhikanI pairya-dharmavRttithI navAje che te A rIte : DUbuM huM zIda zokamAM gayo ja tuM azokamAM. tribhuvana premazaMkare 1902mAM "kalApIviraha' prakAzita karyuM. temAM AlaMkArika rIte jIvanamaraNanI sAtatyapUrNa ghaTanAne Ama nirUpe che. kharatAM jUnAM pAna navIna taruvara dharatAM evAM dehanAM dAna janma janma jIvane maLe.' jyAre nhAnAlAla dvArikApralayamAM yuddhajanya mRtyunuM Ama nirUpaNa kare che. pAnakharamAM pAMdaDAM khare evA kharatA'tA yadukumAro mAro jANe mamarA paDyA kALa-deSTrAomAM khabaradAra jevA upakavi paNa putrIvirahanA zokamAMthI samyapha jJAnodaya thatAM mRtyune sundara rUpe nihALe che : koNa sauMdarya e mRtyunuM nirakhaze? koNa joze badhI enI lIlA ?" gAMdhIyuganA kavioe paNa mRtyune vibhinna rIte ciMtavyuM-nirUpyuM che. rA.vi. pAThake patnInA mRtyunI chellI sthiti-dhaTanAne "chelluM darzana'mAM zAnta-svastha rUpe nirUpI che ane mRtyunA zokane gauravAnvita karI batAvyo che. emanA eka bIjA kAvya "ociMtI UrmimAM gatapAtranI smRtinI jAgratine Ama dhIragaMbhIra bhAvazailIe vaNarve che. ociMtI vAyu UrmithI vAselI pothI UghaDe - parNomAM gUDha DhaMkAyuM himabiMduthI kharI paDe." goviMda svAmI jevA akALe cAlyA gayelA AzAspada kavie paNa zokanA anubhavane kevI dhAradAra abhivyakti ApI che! 're tyAM vacce samayanI kaTAre ure kApa mUkyo haiyAkeruM aradha ja karI sAva re cheha dIdho. umAzaMkara mRtyunI karAlatA ane bhavyatAne pichAnI yugapata abhivyakti kare che : Ava mota, saMdeza bola tava gharghara nAde nahIM nyUna, vadhu bhale rudra tava rUpa, dharIza tuM." ane jANe vIravabharyo paDakAra pheMkatA hoya tevI ukti rajU kare che : "vakradaMta, aticaMDa, ghamaMDa bharela viSAda nA mukha ughADa tuja, zAMta citta tava daMta gaNIza huM." to vaLI "saptapadI'mAM mRtyunuM samIkaraNa prabhu sAthe mAMDe che : P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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le prabhu sAthe tAre hAtha milAvavA hatA ne? '}}')" mRtyu eTale prabhu sAthenuM hastadhUnana.' prayANaghaDIemAM mRtyunI sundaratAnuM kavi sneharazmi A pramANe saumya nirUpaNa kare : "nahi rajanI AMsu sAra dizAo rozo mA, A prayANaghaDI abhirAma pAchuM jozo mA." anugAMdhIyugamAM paNa mRtyunuM nirUpaNa kavionI kalame vaividhyasabhara thayuM che te paNa DaoN. bhAnubahena jAnIe emanA e prakaraNamAM vigate ane sadaSTAMta cacyuM che. bAlamukunda davenuM "tuM jatAM' kAvya patnI virahanuM karuNagarbha kAvya banI AvyuM che. patnIvihoNuM zeSa jIvana kevuM banI gayuM che ? kavi kahe che : dina sau bhaDakA cha AganA, rajanI sau DhagalA cha khAkhanA vidhinA vasamA cha vAyarA priya AzA avasAna jiMdagI.' mRtyusamaye, mRtyu pAmelA koI svajanane bhAvAMjalirUpe jyAre puSpo dharavAmAM Ave che tyAre hRdayanI sthiti kevI hoya che? sureza dalAla eka virodhAbhAsathI hRdayanI apAra vikalatAne rajU kare che : zaba para phUla mUkIe chIe - e pahelAM hRdayamAM paththara mUkavo paDe che." zeSa abhisAra' jevA kAvyamAM ApaNA mUrdhanya kavi rAjendra zAha strIpAtrokti dvArA harSabhera mRtyunA Agamanane vadhAve che. mukhyatve emanAM kAvyomAM mRtyu vizenuM maMgala ciMtana jovA maLe che. lAbhazaMkara ThAkare "mANasanI vAta'mAM, sitAMzue "janmInuM mRtyu'mAM mRtyune ciMtanamananI bhUmikAe pramAyuM che. to rAvajI paTele "mArI AMkhe kaMkunA sUraja'mAM ke mAdhava rAmAnuje "haLavA te hAthe'mAM bhAvanAtmaka stare mRtyunuM nirUpaNa karyuM che. Ama, A zodhanibaMdhamAM tenAM lekhikAe mRtyusaMdarbhe arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAne samaja ane zramapUrvaka tapAsI che. aneka nAmI-anAmI, siddha-asiddha-prasiddha kavionI racanAomAMthI te pasAra thayA che. tenI A pachInAM prakaraNapRSThomAM pratIti thAya che. eka saMzodhakane chAje tevI abhyAsazIlatA ane svasthatAthI temaNe A viSayane nyAya ApavAno prazasya puruSArtha karyo che. mRtyune sAmAnya rIte pratyeka kavie mukhya viSaya nahi, paNa svajana nidhananA naimittika vicArabhAvarUpe nirUpyuM che. te ahIM joI zakAze. A rIte jIvananA AvA gaMbhIra pAsAne nirUpavAno paDakAra jhIlI laI DaoN. bhAnumatI jAnIe je sutA dAkhavI che te A pustaka vAMcanArane tarata ja samajAze. kalAsvarUpamAM mRtyu jevA viSayanuM ApaNA vividha kavie vividha tabakke ane vividha prasaMge je AzA-nirAzAjanya, mAdhurya-mAMgalyamaya, bhavya,rAlarUpe nirUpaNa karyuM che tenuM ahIM zramasAdhya Akalana thayuM che. - dhIru parIkha P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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nivedana varSothI gujarAtI kavitA bhaNAvatAM bhaNAvatAM "mRtyu" vize thoDuM vicAravAnuM prApta thayuM ne koI eka subhaga paLe "mRtyu' ane kavitAne sAthe vicAravAnI phuraNA thaI. traNacAra mahinA e mATe vyavasthita vAMcyuM. gujarAta yunivarsiTInA gujarAtI vibhAganA adhyakSa DaoN. dhIrubhAI parIkha pAse jaI emanA mArgadarzana heThaLa kAma karavAnI mArI icchA meM vyakta karI. teoe mane tarata ja e mATe saMmati ApI. ne kAma AgaLa cAlyuM. jema jema kAma AgaLa cAlatuM gayuM, tema tema AnaMdAzcaryathI huM jhUmI UThI. mRtyaviSayaka kavitAno AsvAda karatAM karatAM samajAyuM ke mRtyu bhayAnaka paNa nathI, gahana paNa nathI. gujarAtI kavionI kavitAe mRtyumAM rahelA satyam zivam suMdaram tattvono mane paricaya karAvyo. arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa' - e viSaya para vyavasthita rIte, vAMcavAnuM, noMdho utAravAnuM zarU karyuM. bhArekhama avataraNono moha rAkhyo nathI. kAma karatI vakhate, kavitAe ja potAnuM haiyuM mArI pAse kholyuM. mRtyunI vAta jIvananA saMdarbhamAM ja vicArI zakAya. janma, jIvana, mRtyu mAnavaastitvanA avibhAjaya aMzo che. A traNa tattvono vicAra eka sAthe ja karI zakAya. alaga alaga nahi. tethI sau prathama A viSayane samajavA mATe bhAratIya tattvaciMtana temaja pAzcAtya tattvaciMtanano thoDo abhyAsa karyo. prathama prakaraNa "bhUmikA' rUpe tethI ja mRtyunI vibhAvanA'nuM lakhyuM. tathA lokasAhitya, prAcIna bhajano ane madhyakAlIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM AvatA mRtyusaMdarbhane pIThikArUpe vicAryo. tyAra pachI "arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa' vize yugavAra prakaraNo taiyAra karyA. ahIM koI yaMtravata krama sAcavavAno upakrama nathI. je yugamAM je mudrAnI chaNAvaTa prAdhAnya dharAve che. e pramANe krama ApavA prayAsa karyo che. A viSaya ja evo che. jemAM koI muddAne koI eka nizcita cokaThAmAM mUkI na zakAya. ne tethI ja kyAMka samajI vicArIne punarAvartana-doSa svIkAryo che. jema ke mRtyunA karuNa saMdarbhanI vAta "prema ane mRtyu" tathA "mRtyunuM mAMgalya' - ne parasparathI alaga pADI zakAya tema nathI. A mahAnibaMdhamAM arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAMnA mRtyu viSayaka tattvadarzana tathA nirUpasauMdaryane ja prAdhAnya ApyuM che. AvA bhavya viSayano pAra to koNa pAmI zakyuM che? mRtyu vize ghaNuM badhuM lakhAyuM hovA chatAM A viSaya eka sanAtana rahasyano rahyo che. tethI A viSayane samajavAnuM, ke e vize AdhArabhUta rIte kazuM kahevAnuM mAruM to zuM gajuM? ne chatAM thoDIghaNI samaja mane maLI hoya to te A kavitA dvArA. ekalA tattvajJAnano to bhAra lAge. paNa kavitAne kAraNe ja "mRtyu' jevA viSayano paNa mane bhAra nathI lAgyo. A viSayano vyApa ane UMDANa agAdha che. mRtyu vize game teTaluM vAMcIe, vicArIe to paNa ochuM paDe. paNa kyAMka to lakSmaNarekhA doravI paDe. tethI ekatrita karelI mAhitImAMthI paNa zakya teTaluM P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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10 dohana karIne ahIM mUkyuM che. gajhalamAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNano thoDoka ja bhAga ahIM sAmela karyo che. "gajhalamAM mRtyu nirUpaNa' vize alaga pustikA pragaTa karavA vicAryuM che. kavitAnA ghUghavatA sAgaramAMthI mAtra aMjalibhara ja huM pAmI zakI chuM. A viSayane samajavAmAM tathA ene vyakta karavAmAM mane mArA mArgadarzaka adhyApaka DaoN. zrI dhIrubhAI parIkhe satata preraNA ane protsAhana ApyA che. avataraNomAM joDaNI je te kavionI yathAvat rAkhI che. mArA mahAnibaMdha "arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyanuM nirUpaNa'ne pustaka rUpe pragaTa karatAM anero AnaMda anubhavuM chuM. A pragaTa karavA mATe gujarAta sAhitya akAdamIe mane Arthika sahAya karI che e mATe akAdamInA pramukhazrI manubhAI paMcoLI tathA maMtrIzrI DekezabhAI ojhA, tathA pasaMdagI samitinI huM khUba AbhArI chuM. DaoN. bhAnumatI jAnI P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa DaoN. bhAnumatI jAnI P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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anukrama 77 1. "mRtyunI vibhAvanA" (pUrvamImAMsA tathA pazcimanI mImAMsA) 13 2. lokasAhitya, prAcIna bhajano tathA madhyakAlIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 46 3. "sudhArakayuga'nI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 4. paMDitayuganI kavitAmAM mRtyanuM nirUpaNa 102 5. gAMdhIyuganI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 173 6. anugAMdhIyuganI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 284 7. adyatana yuganI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 365 * upasaMhAra 467 * saMdarbha graMthonI sUci 486 P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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1. pUrvArdha - "mRtyu" - pUrvamImAMsA badhI kalAomAM, jIvana, prema ane mRtyu mahattvanA viSayo rahyA che, ne mAnavaciMtananA kendrasthAne che "mRtyu'. zopanahovare tethIja mRtyune Muse of Philosophy' tarIke biradAvyuM che. "mRtyu' "jiMdagI' jeTaluMja, kadAca enA karatAM paNa vizeSa, rahasyamaya rahyuM che. to kavi paNa tattvaSTA thayA vinA mahAna banI zakato nathI. "mRtyu' jyAre kalAtmaka rUpa dharIne Ave che, tyAre e "sauMdarya tattva' banI jAya che. Ama to "mRtyu' e ciMtana ke vicArano pradeza ja nathI, anubhavano pradeza che. zarIrabhAvathI alaga thaI AtmabhAvano anubhava karIe tyAre samajAya che ke "mRtyuche ja nahi. ne chatAM jIvananuM eka paNa kSetra evuM nathI, jemAM mRtyuno vicAra na karAyo hoya. eka dhabakatuM astitva, caitanyasabhara eka vyaktitva jyAre dhabakavAnuM baMdha karI de che, tyAre saune vicAra to Ave ja che ke A zuM thayuM ? kayuM che e tattva, je thanaganatA vyaktitvane ekAeka nizcetana banAvI de che? ne tethI ja avirata vahetI jIvanadhArAnA be anivArya tattvo "jIvana" ane "mRtyu' ne ApaNe oLakhavA mathIe chIe. "jIvana' ne to thoDuMghaNuMye oLakhI zakIe ke samajI zakIe chIe paNa "mRtyune haju koI samajI ke oLakhI zakyuM nathI. ene samajavAnI mathAmaNa mAnavajAta yugothI karatI AvI che. "jIvana" ane "mRtyu'nI sIdhIsAdI vyAkhyA A rIte ApI zakAya. "zvAsanuM AvavuM, zarU thavuM, e jIvana. zvAsanuM javuM, thaMbhI javuM, e "mRtyu'. je divase koI mRtyune premathI AliMgana Ape che, tyAre mRtyuno DaMkha, mRtyuno bhaya adRzya thaI jAya che. mRtyune AzleSavAvALA mRtyuMjyI banI jAya che. koInA mRtyuno prasaMga ApaNane ApaNA mRtyunI saMbhAvanA vize vicAratA karI mUke che. pratyeka mRtyu e ApaNuM paNa mRtyu che. sokreTIsane mRtyu jovAnI khUba utAvaLa hatI. e jANavA mAgato hato ke motanI ghaTanAmAM koNa mare. che, mRtyu ke mAnava? tethI to cheka aMtima kSaNa sudhI e kaheto rahyo. "dhIre dhIre badhuM DUbavA mAMDyuM che, ne chatAM huM to eno e ja chuM, sadAya jIvaMta." ApaNe paNa sokreTIsanI jema ApaNuM mRtyu jatAM zIkhIzuM, tyAre mRtyu adRzya thaI jaze. astitvanI anekavidha ciMtAnA boja heThaLa keTalAka loko "mRtyu" viSe vicAratA ja nathI. vicAravA mAgatA paNa nathI. ne pachI acAnaka mRtyunA oLA emanA para UtarI Ave che, tyAre teo mUDha banI jAya che. pAraNAthI smazAna sudhInI kUcano AraMbha eTale janma ane aMta eTale mRtyu. jIvananI sauthI UDIne AMkhe vaLage evI vizeSatAnuM nAma che "mRtyu'. je kSaNe A vizeSatAno sAkSAtkAra karavAnI ghaDI AvI pahoMcI ke tarata ja badhI ja zakyatAono aMta AvI javAno. "maravuM eTale A duniyAmAM na hovuM, athavA A duniyAmAM hovA chatAM anya vastuo, nirjIva vastuonA jevA hovuM ke banavuM. pachI eno saMbaMdha vyavahAramAM mAtra uttarakriyA pUrato ja maryAdita rahe che. uttarakriyA patI gayA pachI te A jagatamAM nathI. e hakIkata vAstaviktA banI jAya che ane vyakti tarIke visAre paDatI jAya che. "mRtyuno anubhava maranAra vyaktine ja thAya. e anubhava kevo hoya, mRtyu vakhate maranAranI mAnasika sthiti kevI hoya che, tenuM varNana maLI zake nahi. P.P.AC. Gunratnasur M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 14 kAraNa maranAra vyakti, pachI e kahevA hayAta ke hAjara hotI nathI. tethI mRtyunA anubhava aMge mAtra kalpanA ja karavI rahI. mAnavazarIranuM vighaTana ApaNe joI, jANI, anubhavI na zakatA hovAne lIdhe ja mRtyunA rahasyano bheda hajI ApaNAthI ukelAyo nathI. jemaNe mRtyune sthaLAMtara ke rUpAMtararUpe joyuM ke anubhavyuM che, jIvanane jeo avirata yAtrArUpe, joI zakyA che te kAntadaSTAonI dRSTie mRtyu "alpavirAma' sivAya kazuM vadhAre mahattva dharAvatuM nathI. bRhadAraNyaka upaniSadanA bIjA brAhmaNanA pahelA maMtramAM kahyuM che ke "AraMbhamAM kAMI ja na hatuM. sarvatra "mRtyu' ja vyApta hatuM. "te mRtyu zuM hatuM ? A praznano uttara evo batAvyo che ke "azanAyA' arthAta bubhulA, vAsanA, tRSNA, avidyA tattvanuM nAma ja mRtyu'. jyAre sRSTinI utpatti thaI nahotI tyAre mRtyu ja hatuM. "mRtyune vaidika bhASAmAM "azanAyA' kahevAmAM Ave che. "azanAyA'thI viparita te "annasaMbhAraNa" ("annagrahaNa') kahevAmAM Ave che. Ane ja anukrame "mRtyu ane "janma' athavA "mRtyu' ane "amRta" kahevAmAM Ave che. "mRtyu' badhA ja praznonuM pUrNavirAma che. vyakti jIve che, tyAM sudhI ja prazna che. "mRtyu" eTale badhA praznono aMta." mahAbhAratanA "zAMtiparvanA basochapanamAM adhyAyamAM mRtyunI utpatti viSe mAhitI ApavAmAM AvI che. mahAbaLavAna ane sAmarthyavALA purUSo yuddhabhUmimAM jyAre nizceSTa paDyA che, ne "teo maraNa pAmyA che evo mRtyu sUcaka vAkyaprayoga karavAmAM Ave che tyAre yudhiSThira bhISmapitAmahane "mRtyu' saMjJAnI utpatti, mRtyu konuM thAya che? sthULa dehanuM ke AtmAnuM? tathA "mRtyuzA mATe badhAnuM haraNa karI jAya che? vagere praznonA javAbamAM bhISmapitAmaha nArada dvArA akaMpana nAmanA rAjAnA putra harIno zatruoe nAza karatAM janmelA putrazokane haranAruM AkhyAna kaheluM. jemAM mRtyunI utpattinuM varNana che. jemAM brahmadevanI sarva IndriyomAMthI lAla ane kALA vastravALI pragaTelI strIne "mRtyu' tarIke oLakhAvI che. jene brahmadeva prajAono saMhAra karavAnI AjJA kare che tyAre du:khI thayelI e strI dhenukA nAmanA tIrthamAM jaI aneka varSa sudhI tapa kare che. ne prajAono saMhAra karavAmAM pApa nahIM lAgavAnuM varadAna meLave che. vyAdhiothI pIDAelA mAnavo rogane ja mRtyunuM nimitta mAnaze, ne tethI mRtyudevane doSa nahi de, evuM sAMtvana meLavyuM tyArathI strImAM strIrUpe purUSamAM purUSarUpe tathA napuMsakamAM napuMsakarUpe rahI mRtyudevI sauno nAza kare che." 2 ('zAMtiparva) to jIvanA svarUpanI carcA paNa mahAbhAratanA zAMtiparvamAM karavAmAM AvI che. ' adhyAya 187mAM "jIva'nuM A pramANe varNana karyuM che. * "proData gIvI drattarNa 2, - yAti TrehAntaraM prANI zarIraM tu vizauryate" - bhRgue kahyuM "jIvano kadI nAza thato nathI. jIve ApelA dAna tathA karmano paNa nAza thato nathI. maraNa samaye jIva bIjA zarIramAM cAlyo jAya che ne tyAre temano agni zAMta thaI jAya che, uSNatA rahetI nathI. tene sparza ke rUpano anubhava thato nathI." 3 ("zAMtiparva) P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 15 "mRtyulokanA mAnavIomAM prathama matya mAnava yamarAja che, jeoe marIne vaivasvata' nAmanA saMgamasthAnanI sthApanA karI. tyAM maraNa pachI bIjA mAnavonAM Agamana thAya che." * ('Rgvada paricaya) "pahelA matya mAnava yamarAje "jeno janma che, tenuM mRtyu che," e niyamanuM pAlana karyuM, ne bIjA matya mAnavo mATe e mArga saraLa karI Apyo." " ('Rgvada paricaya) sAdhAraNa rIte "yama" ne ja "mRtyu" gaNavAmAM Ave che. paraMtu yama to zubhAzubha karmanA niyAmaka che. yamarAjanA darzana karavA kumAra nAmano eka bAlaRSi tyAM jaI pahoce che. ne yamarAjane gurupade sthApe che." "yamarAja pAsethI mRtyunI rahasyavidyA pAmI pAcho Avelo naciketA yamalokane puNyazALI janone AnaMda ApanAra vizrAmasthAna tarIke oLakhAve che." ("Rgvada paricaya"). "kaThopaniSadamAM AkhuMya naciketAvRttAMta ApavAmAM AvyuM che. jemAM mRtyunI rahasyakathAnI vAta karavAmAM AvI che. "kaThopaniSada'no saMbaMdha kuSNayajurvedanI "kaThI zAkhA sAthe che. A zAkhA atyAre paNa prApta thAya che. A zAkhAno eka prAcIna "brAhmaNa' paNa hato, je have prApya nathI. "kaThopaniSada' e teno ja bacI gayelo aMza che. AmAM yama pAse jaI mRtyunI rahasyakathA jANI lAvanAra naciketAnuM vRttAMta che. naciketA yamarAjAne tyAM pahoMcI jaI, mRtyu pachI jIvanI sthiti aMge jANavAnI icchAmAM, aneka pralobhano chatAM aDaga rahyo tyAre yamarAje e mRtyunA rahasyanI vidyAnuM jJAna naciketAne ApyuM. jIvanano aMta zo? ne mRtyu pachI jIvanI zI gati thAya che? A praznano javAba yame naciketAne covIsa zlokamAM Apyo che. je bIjI vallImAM prasiddha thayo che. AtmanirUpaNa e medhAvI AtmA na to janme che, ke na mare che. e jAteja svayaMbhU banelo che. e ajanmA nitya, zAzvata ane purAtana che. zarIra naSTa thavA chatAM e pote to nathI ja marato." (kaThopaniSada') mAranAra jo AtmAne mAravAno vicAra karato hoya ke maranAra potAne marelo mAnato hoya to, e baMne ene oLakhatA nathI. kAraNa e nathI koIne mArato, ke nathI koIthI bharAto." ("kaThopaniSada') "tuM AtmAne rathI jANa, zarIrane ratha, buddhine sArathI, ane manane lagAma samaja." ("kaThopaniSada') "A zarIramAMthI emAM rahenAra dehI AtmA) mukta thaI jatAM A zarIramAM pachI rahe paNa zuM?" ("kaThopaniSada') . "e AtmA na to vANI vaDe, na mana vaDe, ke na to netra vaDe pamAya che. ke na anya Indriyo vaDe e pamAya. tema chatAM te jagatanuM mULa che evuM pratIta thavAthI, "e che ja. kAryano vilaya paNa, koIka astitvanA Azraye ja zakya che." ("kaThopaniSada') caudamA zlokamAM "amaratva' vize kahevAyuM che "hRdayamAM rahenArI saMpUrNa kAmanAo je samaye viramI jaya, e samaye maya mAnava amara banI jAya che ane sadehe ja brahmabhAvane prApta kare che." ("kaThopaniSada), "jyAre A ja jIvanamAM enI hRdayagraMthio saMpUrNapaNe chedAI jAya che, tyAre maraNadharmA amara banI jAya che." ("kaThopaniSada). P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 16 "mRtyuprokatAM naciketo'tha labdhavA vidyAmetAM yogavidhi ca kRtstram brahmaprApto virajo'm dvimRtyu ranyopyevaM yo vidhyAtmameva" (kaThopaniSada) "mRtyue kahelI A vidyA ane saMpUrNa yogavidhine pAmIne naciketA brahmabhAvane pAmI viraja (dharmAdharmazUnya) ane mRtyuhIna thaI gayo. eTale ke mukta banI amara thaI gayo." - mRtyu be mULabhUta prazno UbhA kare che. eka sAtatyano ne bIjo sAtatyabhaMgano. sAtatyano prazna marelAnI sAthe saMbaMdha dharAve che. ane sAtatyabhaMga ke viyogano saMbaMdha jIvatA' sAthe che. ajurnane bhAre viSAda thAya che, kAraNa e mRtyuno prazna samajyo nathI. mRtyunI anivAryatA ane janmamaraNanA temaja punarjanmanA punarAvartana dvArA jIvananuM sAtatya. A be agatyanA viSayothI "gItAnuM zikSaNa zarU thAya che. jayAre zrIkRSNa manuSyanAM zarIra maraNazIla ane nAzavaMta tarIke varNave che, tyAre e mRtyu pachI AvanAra punarjanma vize paNa kahe che. mRtyunA praznane maraNa pachInI sthiti ane punarjanmanA saMdarbhamAM ja jANI zakAya. mRtyunI sAkSAta kSaNa ja amaratAnuM rahasya darzAvI zake, kAraNa mRtyunI paLa ja kharekhara sAtatyabhaMganI paLa che. "gItA" ApaNane kevI rIte maravuM e zIkhavADe che. jethI maraNa pachI ApaNe evA pradezamAM pravezI zakIe ke jyAM janma ane maraNa nathI. "chAMdogyaupaniSada'nA chaThThA adhyAyanA agiyAramA khaMDamAM batAvyuM che ke "prANadhArI zarIra vRkSa jevuM che. tenI pratyeka zAkhAmAM prANanuM astitva rahe che. paNa mukhya rIte to te mULamAM ja rahe che. mULa chedAI jatAM vRkSa sukAI jAya che tevI ja rIte mukhya prANa na rahevAthI zarIra TakatuM nathI. tene ja aNimA athavA aNuM kahevAmAM Ave che." 8 ('upaniSada navanIta'). kA cothA adhyAyanA cothA "brAhmaNa'mAM baddha ane mukta purUSanI AtmagatinuM varNana che. pahelI ane bIjI kaMDikAmAM kahyuM che ke "jayAre AtmA zarIra choDavA lAge che tyAre tenA sarva prANo athavA Indriyo teno sAtha choDI de che ane te ekalo rahI jAya che. mana tathA indriyo sarva prakAranI saMjJAothI zUnya banI jAya che. jema sApe UtArI nAkhelI kAMcaLI rAphaDA para paDI rahe che, tevI rIte AtmAthI vihIna A zarIra paNa ahIM paDI rahe che ane azarIrI amRta prANasvarUpa AtmA brahmatejamAM lIna thaI jAya che." " . ("upaniSada navanIta') zvetAzvetara' upaniSadamAM prANInI pAse AvatA kALane eka bAjuthI amRtanuM ane bIjI bAjuthI mRtyunuM rUpa kahyuM che, kAraNa ke A kALa ja jIvanane ghaTADanAra temaja vadhAranAra baMne rUpo che." ("upaniSada navanIta') "chAgyeya' upaniSadamAM AtmAne zarIranA preraka sAkSI tarIke varNavavAmAM Avyo che. zarIrane ratha, indriyone ghoDA tarIke oLakhAvAyA che. nADIo e A rathane bAMdhanArI dorIo che. A rathane TaTTAra UbhA rAkhanAra lAkaDAM che. lohI, A rathane UMjavAnuM dravya, P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri .S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 17 karma cAbuka, zabda e rathano dhvani, ne tvacA rathanuM DhAMkaNa che ema jaNAvAyuM che." 11 ('upaniSada navanIta'). "dhI DIvAIna lAIphamAM zrI araviMda jaNAve che ke "mRtyu manuSya jIvananA astitva para niyamarUpe ladAyuM che. je kAMI arasaNIya che, tenuM nAma mRtyu." zrI araviMda jIvananI prakriyAnA aMta tarIke mRtyune anivArya gaNe che. zrI araviMdanA mahAkAvya "sAvitrI'mAM mRtyunA svarUpanuM bhAratIya daSTibiMdu kAvyamaya rIte abhivyakta thayuM che. zarUmAM ja teoe mRtyune Limitless denial of all being' eTale ke "samagra astitvanA asIma inkAra' tarIke oLakhAvyuM che. mRtyunA sAmrAjyanI vizALa sattA sAme avirata purUSArtha karatA mAnavanI, mRtyu Ama to majAka uDAve che. paNa sAvitrI to aDaga che. e khumArIthI goud , 'l bow not thee, o huge mask of Death.' 12 (Savitri). to bIjI bAju mRtyune zrI araviMde kALasAmrAjyanA sarvoparI zAsaka paNa gaNAvyuM che. manuSyanI cetanA kALanA baMdhanamAM baMdhAyelI che. tethI mRtyunI mahAna zaktino e sAmano karI zakatI nathI. "I am Death and the dark terrible mother of life. I am Kali, black and naked in the world. I am Maya and the universe in my cheat. I lay waste human happiness with my breath. And slay the will to live, the joy to be" 13 (Savitri). jo ke sAvitrIe kyAreya mRtyu athavA prArabdhano vijaya svIkAryo nathI. sAvitrInA AliMganamAMthI satyavAna cAlyo jAya che. sAvitrI mRtyune najaronajara nihALe che. baMne sAmasAme AvI UbhA rahe che. zrI araviMda kahe che, "mRtyu' ja "mRtyunI rahasyamayatAne samajAvI zake. "mRtyu' ne jANyA vinA ene parAjita na karI zakAya. ne parAjita karyA vinA amaratvane pAmI na zakAya. mRtyunuM apArthiva, bhArekhama, bhavya mukha sAvitrI sAme UbhuM rahe che. samagra astitvanA e asIma inkAranI-mRtyunI AMkha e samaye jANe ke mRdutAvALI hatI. je devone naSTa karatI veLA paNa UMDI anukaMpA dharAvatI hatI. mRtyu potAnA sAmrAjyanuM varNana karatAM jaNAve che "A mAro azabda aMdhakAramaya virATa pradeza asIma rAtrinuM A gRha sUnakAranuM A gahana rahasya" na raha" paNa sAvitrI mRtyunA huMkArathI gabharAtI nathI. e kahe che, "I am immortal in my mortality. I tremble not before the immobile gaze of the unchanging marble hierarchies. That look with the stone eyes of Law and Fate. My soul can meet them with its living fire. Out of thy shadow give my back again." 14 (Savitri). mRtyu aMdhakAranA AvaraNamAM vIMTaLAI mauna UbhuM rahe che. mRtyunA ati tIkSNa hathiyArane mAtra "prema" ja buThuM banAvI zake. zrI araviMda "praNaya ane mRtyu ne mitro tarIke varNave che. mRtyuno kaDaka cahero prema pAse AvatAM atyaMta mUdu banI jAya che. sAvitrI P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 18 kahe che, "My love is not a hunger of the heart. My love is not a craving of the flesh. It came to me from God, to God returns" 15 (Savitri). | mRtyu A premanuM pArakhuM levAno prayatna avazya kare che. potAnA varcasvane sthApavA AkAzapAtALa eka kare che. "Man has no other help but only Death. He comes to me at his end for rest and peace" 18 (Savitri). Se s9 - "I am the Immobile in which all things move. I am the nude, inane in which they cease. I have no body, and no tongue to speak, I commune not with human eye and ear, only thy thought gave a figure to my void". 17 (Savitri). ' paNa mRtyu sAvitrIne prabhAvita karI zakatuM nathI. e kahe che, "O, Death, I have triumphed over thee within" 18 (Savitri). . sAvitrI mRtyunA niyama karatAM paNa potAnI icchAzaktine vadhu prabaLa gaNAve che. ne eno prema to vaLI sauthI vizeSa sAmarthyavAna che. "My love is stronger than the bonds of Fate. Our love is the heavenly seal of the supreme. I guard that seal against thy rending hands. Love must not cease to live upon the earth. For love is the bright link twixt earth and heaven. Love is the far Transcendent's angel here, Love is man's lien on the Absolute" 19 (Savitri). hajuya mRtyu para AnI koI asara thatI nathI. satyavAna ane sAvitrI pAse jaI UbhuM raheluM mRtyu kahe che, "For thou must die, to thyself, to reach God's height. I, Death am the gate of immortality" 20 (Savitri). mRtyunA e bhavya oLAne sAvitrIe uttara Apyo. sAvitrIe jevuM bolavAnuM zarU karyuM, ke tarata enuM mayatva adazya thavA lAgyuM. enAmAM raheluM divyatva enI AMkhamAM camakavA lAgyuM. enA caherA para jANe svarganA svapnano prakAza relAvA lAgyo. "O Death, if thou couldst touch the Truth supreme. Thou wouldst grow suddenly wise and cease to be" 21 (Savitri). sAvitrInA divyatvabharyA premabaLe aMte mRtyu prabhAvita thAya che. sAvitrI ene dehamAM chupAyeluM divyatva lAge che. "Who then at thou hiding in human guise ? Thy voice carries the sound of infinity. Knowledge is with thee, Truth speaks through thy words. The light of things beyound shines in thy eyes. But where is thy strength to conquer Time and Death" 2 (Savitri). - sAvitrInI aMdara jo divya mAtAjI birAjamAna hoya to mRtyu emanAM darzana karavA utsuka bane che. "Let deathless eyes look into the eyes of Death. And love and joy overtake fleeting Time" 23 (Savitri). sAvitrI mRtyu sAme joI rahe che. nIrava maunamAM saMpUrNa zAzvatarUpa jANe premanuM. jagatano aMdhakAra jANe svarga prakAzamAM pheravAI jAya che. koI divya rUpAMtara jaNAya che enA caherA para, daivI teja prasare che enA mukha para. samagra zarIra suvarNaraMge camakIluM bane P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 10 che. sAvitrI jANe anaMtatAnI mUrti banI rahe che. "Eternity looked into the eyes of Death. And Darkness saw Gods living Reality. Then a voice was heard that seemed the stillness self, or the low calm utterance of infinity" 24 (Savitri). mRtyunA hRdayamAM koIka navA ja Azcaryano saMcAra thAya che. enI AMkhamAM sAvitrI O, Savitri ? Bright ever thou wast a goddess still and pure. Yet dearer to me by thy sweet human parts. Earth gave thee making thee yet more divine" 25 (Savitri). sAvitrInA chellA tabakamAM kavi badhIja vastuno inkAra karanAra nirapekSa tattva nirvANa'nI zodhamAM carcA AraMbhe che. "tuSArabiMdu samudramAM paDe tyAre eka mahattvanI ghaTanA bane che ke jyAM samudra harapaLe biMdumAM praveze che." jIvana ane mRtyunAM rahasyo sImAonI pele pAra rahelA sAmrAjyamAM ArohaNa karavA sAvitrIne sUcave che. bRhadAraNyaka'mAM yuktAhAra, tathA UMDA ane samadhAraNa zvAsathI thatI prANazuddhinI madada vaDe cittanA vilaya bhaNI pahoMcI cetana tattvane pAmatA mRtyuMjaya purUSanuM varNana karavAmAM AvyuM che. "yaH akAmo niSkAma AptakAma, AptakAmo, na tasya prANA utkarmAnta bauva san brahmAyeti tathA jayotiSAm api tad jayotiH tamasaH param ucyate tamasathI para evI Atmajyoti sAthe Atmacaitanya sAthenuM nitya anusaMdhAna e ja acimArga. mRtyune dvAre enA vaDe ja dIpamALa pragaTAvI zakAya. caitanyanAM sAgaramAM jyAM sudhI alaga astitvanA Daga mAMDIe tyAM sudhI Dagale pagale motane bheTavAnuM che. mRtyu sAthenA saMgrAmamAM jIvananI zarUAta, svIkAra ane tyAganA pAyA para thAya che ane pachI sarvatyAga e ja saMpUrNa svIkAra banI sarvagrAsI mRtyuno koLiyo karI jAya che. A mahAAzcarya varNavatAM saMtonI vANI thAkatI nathI. ghara bALe ghara ugare ghara rAkhe ghara jAya eka acaMbA aisA dekhA maDA kALaku khAya" mANasanI AMtarika kaMgAliyata vacce mRtyuno bhayaMkara paDachAyo AvI paDe che. manuSyano aMtarAtmA tyAre citkAra karI pUchI UThe che. nAduM nAmRtasyAM kimidaM tene " P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 20 jenAthI huM amRta na bane te pULa vaibhava laIne karuM zuM? bhAratanA prAcInatama kALathI A prazna UThyo che. ApaNI AsapAsa badhuMja sthiratAno aMcaLo dharI bese. paNa A caMcaLa zvAsanuM ghara kyAre dago deze te koNa kahI zake?" ("cidAnaMdA" makaraMda dave, 67, 68, 84). mRtyu samaye aMtaramAM kALI ane hima ThaMDI rAta pAtharanArI avasthA vize jJAnezvara mahArAja kahe che "maraNa samaye kapha-vAtAdi doSano ati uchALo thavAthI aMtaHkaraNamAM aMdhAruM vyApI jAya che. sarva indriyonI gati kuMThita thaI jAya che. smRtine bhrama utpanna thAya che. manamAM utpAdano saMcAra thAya che ane prANa ruMdhAya che. jaTharAgni bujhAI jAya che ane cAretarapha teno dhUmra prasarI jAya che. AthI zarIramAM raheluM jJAna AcchAdita thAya che." ApaNuM zarIra, sagAvahAlAM tathA mAlamilakata sAthe ApaNI ghora Asakti dhumADAnA goTAnI jema, mRtyu samaye gherI vaLe che. AvA dhUmrachAyA cittavALo manuSya caMdralokane ke pitRlokane pAmI pharI janmagrahaNa kare che, tema kahevAya che. A candra te manamAM vAsanAnA bIjarUpe Ugato candra che. "caMdramA manaso jAta." mana nathI karyuM tyAM sudhI pharI pharI mRtyu pAmavAno vAro Ave che." ("cidAnaMdA' pR. 65, makaraMda dave) - DaoN. rAdhAkRSNan paNa emanA "bhAratIya darzana" pustakamAM mRtyunA sarvavyApI AkramaNa vize lakhe che. "saMsAramAM koI evI jagyA nathI jyAM mRtyunA AkramaNathI bacI zakAya. mRtyunI sArvabhaumika zaktino koI sAmano karI zakatuM nathI. mRtyu e jIvanano niyama che." 28 ('bhAratIyadarzana Do. rAdhAkRSaNaNa") svAmI vivekAnaMda kahe che, "jo koI vastu cokkasa hoya to eka "mRtyu ja che. "mRtyu e vastumAtrano aMta che. "zarIrano upayoga pUro thaIne nakAmuM thaI jAya che, tyAre AtmA bIjuM zarIra le che ane e, pramANe kAyama cAlyA kare che. eTale ke punarjanma." 29 ("jJAnayoga' pR. 36) - svAmI vivekAnaMda AtmAnI amaratAmAM mAne che. teo kahe che, "AtmAnuM kadI mRtyu nathI, kAraNa ke "mRtyu eTale potAnAM avayavomAM pAchA javuM" ne je sadA mukta che, tenuM jema mRtyu na hoya tema enuM jIvana paNa na hoya. kAraNa ke jIvana e mRtyunuM ja ane mRtyu e jIvananuM ja bIjuM nAma che." 30 ('jJAnayoga' pR. 7ra, vivekAnaMda) svAmI vivekAnaMda mRtyune vizleSaNa tathA vikhUTA paDI javAnI kriyA tarIke oLakhAve che. | to zrI araviMda AzramanAM mAtAjI jIvana kadI mRtyu na pAmatuM hovAnI vAta kare che. teo to evI zraddhA dharAvatAM ke jIvananAM bAhyarUponuM ja visarjana thAya che. zrI mAtAjI kahe che, "tamAre jo mRtyumAMthI mukta thavuM hoya to pachI koIpaNa nAzavaMta vastunI aMdara tame tamArI jAtane baMdhAI javA na daI zako." " ("yoganI pagadaMDI') kavivara ravIndranAtha TAgora kahe che, "mRtyunA purAvA cArekora paDelA che. tema chatAM mANasa bolI UThe che." "are, sAMbhaLo tame amRtanA putro cho tame mRtyunA putro nathI." "zruNavanta vizve amRtasya putrAH Aye dhAmAni divyAni tasya: vedAhamAM purUSa mahAnta...." P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 21 "tame divyadhAmavAsI amRtanA putro cho. tame saMsAravAsI mRtyunA putro nathI. jagatanI mRtyunI baMsarImAM thaIne A amRtanuM saMgIta phelAya che." 32 ('zAMtiniketana" khaMDa-3) kavivara ravIndranAtha maraNane "zyAma' samAna gaNAve che. maraNanA hAthane raktakamaLa sAthe sarakhAve che. enA adharapuTa lAla che, mRtyunA oLAne teo "tApAhArI' kahe che. ne tethI ja mRtyune teo nimaMtre che, ne mRtyu potAnA bhujapAzamAM laI le evI vinaMti kare che." 33 ('gItApaMcazatI') kavivara ravIndranAtha ema mAne che ke "mAnave maraNane pArakuM karI dIdhuM che. tethI ja to enuM jIvana tuccha thaI gayuM che." kavivara kahe che, "have vidAya thavAno samaya thayo che. madhura maraNathI prANane pUrNa karIne tAre caraNe soMpI daIza. jene te oLakhI nathI te gupta vyathAnI nIrava rAtrino aMta Avo." 34 ("gItApaMcazatI) - kavivara kahe che, "janma nAce che, pAchaLa pAchaLa mRtyu nAce che, tAtA thai thai, tA tA thai thai" " ("gItApaMcazatI' pR. 306) "kALanA maMjIrA sadA vAgyA kare che DAbA jamaNA baMne hAthe - sAMja savAra enA tAletAle rUpanA sAgara taraMgita thaI UThe che. dhoLA ane kALA kaMkamAM enA ja chaMdanA aneka raMga pragaTa thAya che. e tAlamAM mAruM gIta bAMdhI le. krandana ane hAsyanI tAna sAdhI le sAMbhaLa ! mRtyu ane jIvane nRtyasabhAnA DaMkAthI sAda dIdhA che." * ('gItapaMcazatI' pAnuM. 330) kAkAsAheba kAlelakara lakhe che, "mRtyu samaye mANasane je vedanA thAya che, te mRtyune kAraNe thatI nathI. mRtyumAM sAcesAca UMgha jeTalI ja mIThAza che." 32 ('paramasakhA mRtyu') kAkAsAheba kahe che, "jIvavAnA asaphaLa phAMphAmAMthI utpanna thatI vedanAmAMthI mukta karI mRtyu ApaNane ArAma ApavA sahAyaka bane che." 38 ('jyAM darekane pahoMcavuM che....) A kAkAsAheba adhyAtmajAgRtinA nAzane ja "maraNa' kahe che. saMto ane mahApurUSoe mRtyu para vijaya meLavavAnI vAta karI che te A ja. mAmUlI motathI nathI bacyA bhagavAna buddha ke nathI bacyA bhagavAna mahAvIra. saune zarIra to choDavuM ja paDyuM che. paraMtu temaNe AtmanAzarUpI mRtyu upara vijaya meLavyo. saMta kavi kabIrajI mAnavaastitvane dhumADAno minAro' kahe che. "dhUvAM kerA dhaulahara jAta na lAge bAra' - joke kabIrajI pote kyAreya mRtyuthI DaryA nahatA. kAraNe mRtyunI, tathA jIvana paranA kALanA prakAranI samajaNa teo pAmI cUkyA hatA. jagatane tethI to teo "kALanuM cavANuM kahe che. ne mAnavajIvanane temaja saMsArane kabIra pANInA parapoTA sAthe sarakhAve che. paroDhiyAnA tArAnI jema te jotajotAmAM adazya thaI jAya che. AvanAra javAnuM ja. pachI e rAjA hoya ke raMka. "Aye hai so jAyeMge rAjA raMka phakIra' -- P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 22 kALanI A cAlatI cakkI joIne kabIrajInI AMkho chalakAI UThe che. janma ane mRtyu nAmanAM kALanI cakkInAM be paDanI bhIsamAM mAnavajIvana pIsAya che. emAMthI koI salAmata bacatuM nathI. to bIjI bAju kabIra mRtyune maMgala svarUpe paNa jue che. "ANAnA divasa' tarIke mRtyune oLakhAve che. mRtyune parama mahotsava tarIke varNavatAM teo kahe, "Ayo dina gauna ke ho mana hota hulAsa" - aMtima dazyanI vAta karatAM kabIrajI kahe che. - "caMdana kATha ke banata khaTolanA, tApara durlAhana sUtala ho. UTho sakhI mora mAMga saMvAro, dulhA mose rUsala ho." 39 ("kabIra vacanAvalI') jamarAja palaMga para caDhI beThA che, ne nayane azrudhAra. sAdhu TI. ela. vAsavAnIe mRtyune sUryAsta sAthe sarakhAvyuM che. hakIkatamAM sUrya kadI Athamato ja nathI. e rIte mRtyu paNa che ja nahi. ahIMnuM mRtyu e bIjA sthaLano janma che. zrImad zaMkarAcArya emanA "aSTAdazastotra'nA "carpaTapaMjarikA' nAmanA stotramAM pANInA parapoTA jevI kAyAno ullekha karatAM kahe che, prApta sannihita maraNe nahi nahi rakSati Dukka raze." "mRtyu samaye vyAkaraNanuM sUtra rakSA karI zakatuM nathI. tethI bhagavAnane bhajavAnA che. kAla ramata kare che, ne AyuSya cAlyuM jAya che." 40 ("aSTAdazastotra', "carpaTapaMjarikA') to bhartuhari jIvananI kSaNabhaMguratA mATe "zatakacatuSTayamAM kahe che, bhogA na bhaktA, vayamevamuktAsto na tapta vayameva taptA: kAlo na yAto vayameva yAtAra tRSNA na jI vayameva jIrNAH" 41 ("zatakacatuSTaya saMgraha - zloka - 12) pro. phirojha dAvara kahe che, "mota mAtra eka pheraphAra ja hoya ane pote marIne mANasane amara karI jatuM hoya to pachI motanuM astitva kyAM rahyuM? kharuM jotAM mota jevuM kazuM nathI. jyAM juo tyAM jIvana ja jIvana che. mota to mAtra jIvanano paDachAyo che." 42 ("mota para manana - phirojha dAvara) je kRSNamUrti kahe che, "mRtyu dararoja tamArI pAse ane AjubAju pharatuM hoya che. tene ApaNe saMpUrNa rIte maLI zakIzuM ke jethI te ApaNe mATe koyaDo nahi bane. te mATe badhI AzAo, bhItiono aMta Avavo joIe."43 ('phIDama phroma dhI nona' pAnuM: 10) zrI jainatattvaprakAza'nA zrI uttarAdhyanasUtranA pAMcamA adhyAyamAM mRtyunA be prakAro varNavAyA che. "bAlANaM tu akAma tu, maraNaM asaI bhave. paMDiyANa sakAma tu, ukakoeNe saI bhave." - "bAla ajJAnI jIvo akAma maraNe mare che. temane vAraMvAra maravuM paDe che, ane paMDito je sakAma maraNe mare che tene utkRSTa, eka ja vakhata karavuM paDe che, arthAt teo mokSa P.P.AC. Gunrainasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 23 prApta karI le che." jainadharmIo ema mAne che ke "karmanA siddhAMta pramANe jIvo punaHjanma dhAraNa karyA ja kare che. karmano saMpUrNapaNe dhvaMsa thatAM AtmA siddhinI avasthAmAM praveze che. ne janmanA cakramAMthI mukti pAme che." karmabaMdhanane vadhu mahattva Apato jainadharma mRtyune 'kalpavRkSa gaNe che. tenI chAyAmAM besIne arthAta mRtyu samaye je viSaya, kaSAya, moha, mamatvAdi kharAba icchA kare che, te naraka tiryaMcAdi durgatinAM duHkho pAme che ane je samaktiyukta tyAga, vairAgya, vrata, niyama, satya, zIla, dayA, kSamA Adi guNonA ArAdhana sahita samAdhibhAva dhAraNa kare che." * ("jainatattvaprakAza'). jaina dharmamAM bhUkhyA marI javAno adbhuta prayoga "saMthAro' che. koI sAdhaka mRtyuno upayoga saMkalpa mATe kare, e mATenI chUTa mAtra A jagatamAM eka mahAvIra svAmIe ja ApI che. koI vyakti potAnI aMtima kasoTI mRtyumAM karavA Icche to tema karI zake. zrI rajanIzajI kahe che, "mahAvIre A chUTa ApI enAM be kAraNa che. emane khAtrI hatI ke koI ema maratuM nathI. maravA mATe ATalI ciMtA karavAnI jarUra nathI, ne mANasa Ama saMkalpa karyA pachI nevuM-so divasa sudhI mRtyunI kAmanA kare e ghaNI mahAna ghaTanA che. koI vidhAyakarUpe mRtyu zuM che? e jANavA mAgato hoya to jIvanathI bhAgI chUTato nathI. ahIM jIvanano virodha ke niSedha nathI." 42 ('meM mRtyu sikhAtA huM, to bauddhadharmamAM tRSNAnA nAzane "mRtyu' kahevAmAM AvyuM che. A avasthAmAM koI ja vAsanA bAkI rahetI nathI. tethI e ja nirvANa. vAsanAothI alipta thaI mukti meLavavI enuM nAma ja "nirvANa', 'nivArNa', zabdano artha che ke "bujhAI javuM athavA "ThaMDuM paDI javuM', eTale ke vilopa thavo'. ThaMDuM paDI javuM eTale sarvathA zUnyabhAva nahi, paNa mAtra uSNatAmaya vAsanAno nAza thavo." " ("bhAratIya darzana) DaoN. rAdhAkRSNane "bhAratIya darzana'mAM cArvAkavAda tathA bhautikavAdanA saMdarbho paNa ullekhyA che. jemAM cArvAkavAdanAM bIja RgvadanI RcAomAM maLatAM hovAno nirdeza che. bauddha matanI pUrvenA bhAratamAM vizuddha bhautikavAdanI ghoSaNA teoe karI hatI, A saMpradAyanI mAhitI "sarvadarzana-saMgrahamAM maLe che. cArvAkavAda pratyakSAnubhavanI ja pramANiktAono svIkAra kare che. temanA zAstrane "lokAyata' kahevAmAM Ave che. teo A ja eka loka che' ema mAne che. "mRtyune teo badhAnA aMta tarIke oLakhAve che. A matanA saMsthApakanA nAma parathI ene "cArvAkavAda' kahevAmAM Ave che. zarIrathI alaga koI AtmatattvanA astitvano teo svIkAra karatA nathI. teonI daSTie AtmA ane zarIra judAM nathI. teo kahe che, "AtmA ane zarIranA alaga astitvano teo svIkAra karatAM nathI. temaja A baMnenA alaga astitvano sAkSI haju sudhI maLyo na hovAnuM teo kahe che. kAraNa zarIrathI alaga AtmA ApaNane dekhAto nathI. temanI daSTie cetanA anivAryapaNe zarIranA saMparka dvArA ja prApta karI zakAya che. tethI A zarIra ja sarvasva che. svarga ane narakane cArvAkavAdIo, pAkhaMDIonA bhejAnI nipaja tarIke oLakhAve che. ('bhAratIya darzana) jyAM sudhI jIvana tamArI pAse che tyAM sudhI sukhethI jIvo. mRtyunI tIvra dRSTithI koI bacI zake tema nathI. jyAre ekavAra ApaNA A zarIrane loko bALI nAkhe, pachI e pAchuM kyAMthI maLavAnuM?" 40 ('bhAratIya darzana'), P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 24 dhammapadamAM jAgRtine amaratAno paMtha, ne pramAdane mRtyuno kahevAmAM Avyo che. mRtyunI nizcitatA mATe "dhammapadamAM kahevAyuM che: "na bALako, na bApa, na kuTuMba, koIne mRtyunA paMjAmAMthI bacAvI zakaze. mRtyuno paMjo jotajotAmAM pharI vaLaze." K ('ona dhammapada', "mAtAjI' - anu. yaMtIlAla AcArya pAnuM-98) aneka praznonA phaNagA mRtyunA mahApraznamAMthI phUTatA Ave che. ApaNe e prazna uDAvI daIne mahAkALanI vedI para vadherAtA pazunI jema mAthuM nIce DhALI daIe chIe.... paNa jeo A mahAkALanI sAme mAthuM UMcakI jANe che, temane to zoka, jarA mRtyuthI bharelA kALanA mahAsamudra para setu dekhAya che. amRtano setu. upaniSadanI vANImAM - atha ya AtmA, sa setu vikRtiH eSAM lokAnAmya asaMbhedAya, na ed setu ahorAtre tarato na jarAH na mRtyu na zoko na sukRta na duSkRtam sarve pAkhAnoDato, nivartantaDAhatapAmnAhi, eSa brahmaloka (chAMdogya upaniSada aSTam prapAdaka caturthakhaMDa) zarIra pANInA parapoTA jevuM, paNa enI nIce parabrahmano sAgara laherAya" - ApaNA koI AdidaSTAne A nuramaNA ke tithipalaTAmAMthI amRtano saMdeza maLyo haze, ne e eka adbhuta maMtra bolI UThyo haze, "amRtasya putrA A pRthvImAM sarvatra mRtyunI kALI chAyA taLe jIvatA manuSyone "amRtanA putro' kahevA e keTalI hiMmatanI vAta ! A maraNazIla jagatamAM koI akSaratattvanA darzana vinA AvI vANI na pragaTe.49 ('cidAnaMdA') mRtyuno vicAra na hoya, enuM darzana hoya. darzana nirvicAra avasthA che. gulAbanA puSpane pUrNarUpe pAmavA mATe vicArone haTAvI a-mana thavuM paDe. vacce koI vyavadhAna na cAle. chevaTe dazya ane daSTAnuM paNa visarjana, eja rIte "mRtyunuM darzana karavAnuM che. je "mRtyu' sAthe AMkha meLavI zake che, e ja emAM praveza karI zake ane enA rahasyane pAmI zake. bIjanuM mRtyu vRkSanuM jIvana banI jAya che. tyAre ene pachI naSTa thavAno bhaya raheto nathI. mANasa e samajI le ke na to e janme che, na mare che. mAtra rUpa badalAya che. udayamAM ja asta, ne astamAMja udaya chupAyelo che. mAtra uparanI khoLa ja janme che, ne mare che. jIvanasAgara avirata laherAyA kare che. je janme che, ne mare che te to mAtra lahara." e samajyA pachI mAnavane mRtyuno bhaya raheto nathI. je divase mANasane samajAya che ke janma ane mRtyu eka ja sikkAnI be bAju che tyAre enA mATe janma ane mRtyu baMne AnaMdasvarUpa banI jAya che. janma ja AgaLa jatAM mRtyu banI jAya che. mRtyumAM sUkSma zarIra maratuM nathI. P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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0 6P A arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 25 levA sthULa zarIramAM praveze che. sUkSma zarIra ja navA janmanuM kAraNa bane che. jyAre mokSamAM to sUkSma zarIra paNa marI jAya che. mRtyuno anubhava zarIrane na thaI zake. kAraNa e samaye e jAgRta hotuM nathI ne AtmAne to mRtyu che ja nahIM. tethIja to rajanIzajIe mRtyune sAmAjika bhrAMti' kahyuM che. zarIra ane cetanAnA viyogane "mRtyu' kahevAmAM Ave che. mAtra eka saMbaMdha zithila thaI chUTI jAya che. je vyakti jIvana e jIvana nathI, ne mRtyu e mRtyu nathI evuM samajI le che. ene pachI koI vAsanAo, kAmanAo rahetI nathI. ne tethI pharI janmavAnuM paNa ene rahetuM nathI. eja che "nirvANa', jyAMthI pachI pAchA pharavAnuM nathI. gItA jene 'paramadhAma' kahe che, te A. pachI janma ane maraNa bane chUTI jAya che. "poInTa oNpha no rITarna' AvI jAya. jIvana ane mRtyunI asAratA jeNe pramANI lIdhI che e mANasa mare tyAre sAra - asAra badhuM chUTI jAya che. "paMkhI jAya akelA'. leNadeNa badhuM chUTI jAya che. sAruM-narasuM paNa. kabIrajIe kahyuM "yoM kI tyoM dhara dInI cadariyAM khUba jatanapUrvaka oDhI, jethI koI hisAba-kitAba bAkI na rahI jAya. ne pachI haMsalo ekalo cAlyo jAya, sAthI vinA, saMgI vinA, na mitra, na zatru, na sAruM na bUruM, na zAstra, na siddhAMta-kazuMja pachI na rahe. maravuM e to anumAna che, kevaLa kalpanA. maratA mANasanI ApaNe mAtra pIDA joIe chIe. koIne maratAM ApaNe zI rIte joI zakIe? maravAnI prakriyA to darekanI AMtarika ne aMgata che. eno koI sAthI na hoI zake. haju sudhI koI vyakti koInA mRtyune, maravAnI prakriyAne joI, jANI zakyuM nathI. ApaNe to mAtra jIvane jIvanathI chUTo paDato joIe chIe. jIvananA taTathI eka cetanAne alaga thatI joI, eka hada pachI ApaNane e cetanA nathI dekhAtI. ApaNA hAthamAM bAkI rahetuM zarIra, kAla sudhI hatuM evuM jIvaMta nathI. tethI ApaNe vicArIe chIe ke vyakti marI gaI. hakIkatamAM mRtyunI ghaTanAne pratyakSa joI zakAtI nathI. jIvatI vyakti vicAre che ke, huM marIza tyAre paNa AvI muzkelIo naDaze, tethI yuktipUrvaka teNe mRtyunA tathyane jIvanathI alaga karI devAnI yojanA ghaDI che. smazAna gAmathI dUra banAvyuM, jethI vAraMvAra mRtyunI yAda na Ave. paNa e bhUlI jAya che ke "mRtyu jevI nizcitatA bIjI ekeya nathI. rajanIzajIe mRtyune eka mahAna "sarjIkala oNparezana' kahyuM che. teo kahe, "AvaDuM moTuM oNparezana haju sudhI koI DaoNkTare karyuM nathI." mRtyu samaye prANane zarIramAMthI Akhe AkhA kADhI laIne bIjAnA zarIramAM prasthApita karavAnA che. tethI kudarate pahelethI vyavasthA karelI che ke te vakhate mANasa bebhAna thaI jAya. mRtyu sAme laDavA janAra hArI jaze. ene premathI svIkAranAra jItI jAya che." ("meM mRtyu sikhAtA hUM' - rajanIza) anila jozI kahe che, "yamanA halakabharyA kaMThamAM saMbhaLAtuM mRtyunuM hAlaraDuM kAnamAM alaMkAra thaIne jhUlavA lAge che. yama game teTalo krUra dekhAya paNa enI krUratAmAM mane vADhakApa karatA DaoNkTaranI mAyALutA dekhAya che. saharAnI retImAM tapelo eka kaNa jema pahelA varasAdane chAMTe TADhoboLa thaI jAya ema mRtyunI chAlaka vAge ne mANasa chalakato thaI jAya." pa" ("sTecya) "mRtyuno mukAbalo hasatAM hasatAM koNa karI zake?" A bAkI P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 26 che ane te bAkI che, A mAruM che ane hajI tene vadhu sAruM karavuM che, tathA mANavuM che." vagere Asaktio, adhUrApaNuM che. tyAM mRtyu mATenI taiyArI ThoTha nizALiyAnI parIkSA mATenI taiyArI jevI hoya che. "zuM ApaNe dareka divase badhAno aMta ANIne, badhI mamatAno cheda uDAvIne rojiMduM jIvana mRtyu sAthe jIvI na zakIe? te ja mRtyuno artha che. jyAre jIvana ane mRtyu bhegA thAya che tyAre tame joI zako cho ke tyAre magajamAM smaraNarUpI jJAnano aMta Ave che, jIvavuM eTale ja maravuM." A pRthvI adbhuta che, bharI bharI che, samRddha che, suMdara che ane jIvana jIvavA yogya che. A suMdara pRthvI upara eke eka vastu janme che, jIve che ane karamAI jAya che. jIvananI A AkhIye gatino pAra pAmavA joIe che buddhi, vicAro, pustakomAMthI, jJAnasAdhanAmAMthI lIdhelI buddhi nahI. paNa premamAMthI, karuNAmAMthI ane e baMnemAMthI pragaTelI saMvedanazIlatAmAMthI jAgelI buddhi, jema kharI paDelA koI pAMdaDAnuM sauMdarya ane raMgachaTA nihALIe, te ja pramANe ApaNe ApaNuM potAnuM mRtyu kevuM hoya tenI saMvedanA, tenI abhijJA, pragaTAvI zakIe. tene UMDe UMDe anubhavI zakIe ane te paNa jIvanane aMte nahi, paNa jIvananA AraMbhe, ApaNe jema bALakone gaNita, lekhana, vAcana ane jJAnaprAptinI badhI prakriyAo zIkhavIe chIe te ja pramANe emane maraNanuM gaurava paNa zIkhavI zakAya ema je. ke. e kahyuM hatuM. jIvana ane mRtyuno asarakAraka mukAbalo karavA je. ke. nA be avataraNo khUba upayogI thaI paDe tema che. 1. "jIvananI moDhAmoDha thAo ane khUba gaMbhIratAthI jIvo. anizcitatAothI bharapUra dariyA jevA jIvanamAM saphara karo ane badho ja samaya jAgRta raho." 2. "pratyeka divase tame gaIkAlanI cIjothI mRtyu pAmo ane AjanI cIjone AvatIkAla upara laI na jAo. maravuM eTale saMgrahanI, bhayanI ane amaratAnI prakriyAne samajavI. jANe ke Ajano eka ja divasa jIvavAno bAkI che, e ja rIte dararoja jIvo.... khullApaNuM jIvana che ane baMdhiyArapaNuM mRtyu che." (ja. kRSNamUrtinI daSTie "mRtyunA bhayanuM rahasya') (bAbAbhAI paTela) (gujarAta samAcAra - 17-2-93) 1. uttarArdha mRtyu - pazcimanI vicAradhArA tattvajJAnanA itihAsamAM mRtyu'no prazna kendrasthAne rahyo che. tattvajJAnano abhyAsa mAnavane mRtyu mATe taiyAra kare che. mRtyunA mULa mATe pazcimamAM bhAratIya vicAradhArA karatAM judA prakAranI mAnyatA pravarte che. bhAratIya vicAradhArAmAM sau prathama "mRtyu' ja hovAnI vAta karavAmAM AvI che. jyAre pazcimamAM evI mAnayatA che ke mAnava sau prathama mRtyavihIna hato. amaratAno saMdeza laI AvanAra dUtanI koI bhUla ke pachI enA koI badaIrAdAne kAraNe vizvamAM mRtyano praveza thayo, evuM mAnavAmAM Ave che. pRthvI paranA mANasonI irSyA AvavAthI devoe pRthvI para mRtyu mokalyAnI paNa eka mAnyatA che. mRtyunA sArvatrika bhaye mRtyunI anivAryatA aMge haThIlI mAnyatAone janma Apyo che. emAMthI P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 27 bacavA mATenA badhA ja prayatno sadaMtara niSphaLa gayA che. to bIjI bAju mRtyunA mULa vizenI aneka daMtakathAo khUba jANItI che. amuka vRkSanAM phaLa nahIM khAvAnA divya hukamanA anAdaranA pariNAmarUpa mRtyunuM astitva kalpAyuM. mAnavasaMskRtinI zarUAtanA yugamAM mRtyu kudaratI kAraNonA pariNAmarUpa manAtuM hatuM. zetAna, rAkSaso, ke anya aniSTa, duritonI khalelano ja e avirbhAva ke pariNAma manAtuM. jagatanA mahAna Azcaryasamo mAnava "mRtyu no ilAja zodhI zakyo nathI. zopanahovara (1788-1860) mRtyune tattvajJAnanI devI temaja, tattvajJAnanA kAvya tarIke oLakhAve che. mRtyunI nizcitatAne sarasa rIte samajAvavAmAM Ave to mAnava mRtyuthI bhaya nA pAme. jarmana kavi nitye (1844-1900) mRtyune "mahotsava' gaNe che. sI. Dabalyu. hola kahe che, "mAnavanA rojabarojanA praznone carcAtuM manovijJAna "mRtyunA bhaya' vize khAsa kazuM kahetuM nathI. "mANasa saMpUrNapaNe marI jAya che e vAta AdimAnava svIkArato na hato. I. sa. pUrve 600mAM sokreTisanI agAunA tattvaciMtakomAM, eravina, raoNhoDa jaNAve che tema "grIka lokonI najaramAM "mRtyu' atyaMta tiraskRta ghaTanA hatI." - I. sa. pUrve pa7ra thI 497 sudhImAM pAyathAgorasa dvArA "mRtyu aMgenuM oNphrika dRSTibiMdu phelAI gayuM. jemAM "AtmAnuM rUpAMtara', "janmAntaro', "jIvanacakronI zuddhi, Izvara sAthenI AkharI ektA', "zuddhi pachI navo janma', "zarIramAM kedI AtmA' vagere vizenI chaNAvaTa jovA maLe che. heraklAyanTsa (I. sa. pUrve pa33-475) badhIja vastunI parivartanazIlatAno ullekha karatAM mRtyune paNa matya gaNAve che. e kahe che, "Death itself is not permenant." 52 ....Death is not the absolute and irreversible cessation, but that there is a unity of life and Death, that means not only that life dies but that death generates life." 53 teo mAne che "vyakti mare che, paNa jIvana maratuM nathI." parameniDesa (I.sa. 495) mRtyune zAzvatInI ghaTanA tarIke oLakhAve che. jyAre DemokreTIsa (I.sa. pUrve 460-370) jIvananI matyatA para bhAra mUke che. teo AtmAne paNa matya mAne che. sokreTisa (I.sa. pUrve 469-399)nI daSTie jIvana karatAM mRtyu vadhu suMdara che. "Death may be better than life." bI sokreTise zAMta citte karelA mRtyunA svIkArane temanA jamAnAnA loko samajI zakyA na hatA. mAnavamRtyune sokreTise "amasya' tattva tarIke pramANeluM. buddhinI amaratA para bhAra mUkatA sokreTisanuM mAnavuM hatuM ke "mRtyu buddhine mArI zakatuM nathI.' pleTo AtmAnI zarIrathI vikhUTA paDavAnI ghaTanAne "mRtyukahe che. "Death is the Release of the soul from the body." 55 pleTo jIvatA amasyapaNA vize saMpUrNa zraddhA dharAvato hovA chatAM mRtyunI bhIti e tenA tattvajJAnano medhAvI prazna rahyo che. guru sokreTisanA mRtyuthI pleTonuM hRdaya halI UDyuM hatuM. e pachI emanA tattvajJAnano vicArapravAha badalAI gayo hato. mAnavanA astitvanI pAmaratA aMge pleToe 'pheDo" tathA "pheTsa' mAM jaNAvyuM che ke "koI matya tattva, amaratvanA svarUpa vize jANI zake nahi.' Aristotle felt very strongly that hu P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 28 man existence is meaningful and important in this cosmic plan. Death may be evil but not 'et absurd." S8 - jyAre "mRtyu" eTale "danAnI gerahAjarI' ema mAnatA epikyurasane (I.sa. pUrve 341-270) mRtyunI paravA detI. teo kahe che, "Death is nothing to us." - mRtyu' jevI koI cIja ja na vAnuM teo paNa kahe che. epikyurase kahyuM hatuM ke " "ApaNe jyAM sudhI hayAta chIe, tyA sudhI mRtyu nathI, ane mRtyu thAya tyAre ApaNe hayAta hotA nathI. eka romana kahevata paNa A prakAranI che. "mRtyu pachI kazuM nathI, khuda mRtyu paNa nathI." 28 sToIkavAdanA ciMtako anya ciMtakothI judA paDe che. tene kA, epikaTsa, mArkasa oreliyasa jevA ciMtakoe jIvana jIvavAnI ja nahi, mRtyu pAmavAnI kalAno paNa nirdeza karyo che. senekA ema mAne che ke vijJAna ane jJAnanA pravAho ApaNane sArI rIte mRtyu pAmatA zIkhave che. je tattvajJAna ApaNane sArI rIte jIvatAM zIkhave che. eja suMdara rIte maratAM paNa zIkhave che. ApaNe jene ApaNo aMta gaNIe chIe ane teo navA janmanI zarUAta kahe che. jiMdagIne kALamAM sImita thaI gayelI mAnatA senekAno mRtyubhaya dUra thatAM "mRtyunI gahanatA'nI vAta paNa dUra thaI. to mRtyuthI nAsI chUTavAmAM nahi mAnanArA epikase (I.sa. 60 thI 117) mRtyune bhayAnaka gayuM nathI. Meditation' nAmanA pustakamAM mArkasa oreliyasa jIvananI mUlyavihInatA mATe enI kSaNabhaMguratAne javAbadAra gaNAve che. emanuM ciMtana mRtyune tiraskArathI jue che. emane eka taraphathI jIvanano thAka lAgyo hato ne bIjI bAju mRtyuno Dara. hibrUonA "olDa TesTAmenTamAM mRtyunuM mUlya zodhavuM kaparuM hovA chatAM emanI ciMtanadhArAmAM "mRtyuna agatyanuM sthAna hatuM. e cokkasa, vicitra vAta e che ke "olDa TesTAmenTa'nI zarUAta ja "mRtyunA mULa' vizenA ciMtanathI thaI che. teo kahe che, "mAnave poteja jJAnavRkSanI zodha karI, je kharI rIte to mRtyuvRkSa ja hatuM. zAzvatane teo 'bhUtakALa ane bhAvithI para mAne 9.' "There is no escape from death and there is no other life. It is in his children that man can find a pale semblance of immortality. "Se monTeInanA citta para varSo sudhI mRtyunI bIka savAra thaI gayelI hatI. jANe mRtyu mATe ja jiMdagInuM nirmANa na thayuM hoya, ema temane lAgatuM. jiMdagI emane satata dhamakIrUpa lAgI. 1588 pachI vicAromAM parivartana AvatAM, teo ema mAnatA thayA hatA ke "mRtyu vize khUba vadhAre vicAra karavAthI jIvana vadhu vikSipta thAya che. jyAre tattvajJAna ApaNane mRtyu' ne najara samakSa rAkhavA hAkala kare che. ema to teo paNa mAnatA. AzAvAdI jayoDAneM bUno (1548-160) mRtyune ja azakya mAnatA. - DekArTe (1596-1650) 1646 nI sAlamAM paMdaramI jUne zeneTa nAmanA mitrane potAne "mota sAmenI nirbhayatAno mArga maLI gayAnuM lakhe che. "mRtyu pachInI jiMdagInA sukhamAM DekorTe zraddhA dharAvatA. pAskala paNa (1623-166ra) maraNa pachInI anya jiMdagImAM zraddhA dharAvatA. jo ke mRtyunI vAstaviktAthI teo sabhAna hatA. teo ema mAnatA hatA ke mAtra krizciyana dRSTibiMdu ja mRtyunI bIkathI dUra rahe che. jyAre spAInojhA krizciyana prathAothI sAva juduM ja vicAratA. (1632-1977) "mRtyu vize koIe vicAra sarakho P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 29 na karavo" evo emano Agraha hato. paNa ema karavuM saheluM nathI, e teo jANatA hatA. mRtyunA ciMtanane kAMI kalamanA ekaja ghasarake aTakAvI zakAtuM nathI. spAInojhA amaratvanI avasthAne muktinI avasthA kahetA. to lebanIjha (1646-1716) ema mAnatA hatA ke, "koI jIvaMta prANI pUrepUruM maratuM nathI. mAtra rUpAMtaro thAya che. AtmA ane zarIranA aikyane teo svIkAratA. aDhAramI sadI amaratvano inkAra kare che. tema chatAM Aja sadImAM, mRtyu pachI zuM thAya che? e praznanuM saMzodhana paNa ghaNuM thayuM che. kendra AtmAnI prakhara zaktimAM mAnatA. konDoraseTa nAmanA tattvavettAe (1743-1794) jIvanamAM mRtyunA sAcA sthAnano mahimA spaSTa karyo. mRtyune laMbAvavAthI koI praznano ukela na AvI zake, ema teo mAnatA. "koI amara thAya e vAtamAM emane zraddhA hatI. DevIDahyumane paNa (17111776) amaratvanI carcA zaMkAspada lAge che. potAnuM mRtyu jayAre najara samakSa dekhAyuM tyAre emane koI jAtanI bIka lAgatI na hatI. potAnA zarIranuM vilInIkaraNa bahu jhaDapathI thAya ema te icchato. mRtyu samaye paNa emanuM khaDakhaDATa hAsya ane tejasvI mukha svajanone prabhAvita karanArAM hatAM. hegala (1780-1831) ema mAnatA hatA ke "mAnava zAMta ane maya hovAthI potAnI jAtanI pele pAra joI zakato nathI, hegala to ema mAne 69, "Man is not only mortal, he is death incarnate, he is his own death." 20 hegalanI daSTie mAnava poteja eka mUrtimaMta mRtyu." 0 to bIjI bAju Lectures on the philosophpy' mAM hegala kahe che "Death is love itself, in death absolute love is being revealed, it is the identity of the Divine and the human, that God is at one with Himself in man, in the finite. Through death God has reconciled the world and reconciles Himself eternally Himself." 61 romenTIksoe mRtyu aMgenA vicAranuM udArIkaraNa karyuM che. henarika vona kalIsTa nAmanA eka vidagdha medhAvI kavie, svargamAM saddagata patnI sAthe AnaMdamaya rIte jIvavAnA svapna sAthe potAnI priyatamAnI kabara pAse ApaghAta karyo. jayAre zeliMga potAnI priyatamA keselInanA avasAnane pariNAme AdhyAtmiktA tarapha vaLyo. zopanahovara (1788-1860) mRtyune tattvajJAnanI devI tarIke pUjatA. mRtyune teo sAcI preraNAdAyI devI ane tattvaciMtananI kavitA tarIke sanmAnya mAnatA. "Death is the true inspring genius or the muse of philosophy". phAyarabArka (1804-1872) mRtyunA astitva chatAM jiMdagIne bharapUra jIvavAmAM mAnatA. mRtyune teo premanI AkharI saMmati gaNatA. anyathA gopana mRtyu vyakta thatAM mukta thAya che. baMne mRtyu ekarUpa thatAM pachI enI bIka rahetI nathI. "Death in itself is not terrible, no, The natural, the healthy death which occurs in old age, which occurs when man has enough of life, as the old Testament tells us of the patriachs and the other blessed ones is the last will and desire of man, at least in so far as he remains in his wishes and ideas true to Nature." 63 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 30 jarmana kavi philasUpha nirlsa (1844-1900) "mRtyu" ne "mahotsava' kahetA. mAnava astitvane teo duHkhada ghaTanA gaNatA tethI potAnA aMta mATenI emane bhUkha lAgI hatI. mAnavane jIvaMta asaMvAditA gaNatA A kavie romenTIksa yuvakonI jema temaNe paNa mRtyune AvakAryuM che. mANasanuM mRtyu anivArya che to pachI e svastha kema raheto nathI." bargasana, kalAgsa, sImela, tattvaciMtananI dhArAnA AMdolanakArI pratinidhio hatA. bargasana (1859-1941) mRtyuno ullekha lAparavAhIthI kare che. uttarAvasthAmAM teoe mRtyu pachInA astitva vize sArI evI noMdha taiyAra karI hatI. luDavika kalAgsa (187ra1955)nI daSTie "mANasa roja thoDo thoDo marI rahyo che. teo ema mAnatA ke thoDAka saMgharSa pachI dareka vyakti "zAzvata mauna'mAM adRzya thaI jAya che. "The philosophy of life becomes with Klages a philosophy of death." 64 to sImela (1858-1910) mRtyune bhayajanaka na gaNavAnuM kahe che. mRtyune rahasyamaya tattva tarIke ke zikAra para jhajhUmatA vAgha tarIke jovAnI jarUra na hovAnuM paNa teo kahe 9. "Death is bound up with life from the very beginning. Death is immanent in life. The hour of death is merely the last phase of a continuous process that began with birth." 65 sara thomasa brAuna mANasanA janma sAthe ja mRtyu nirmAyAnI, temaja ApaNe satata mRtyu sAthe ja jIvatA hovAnuM jaNAve che. koI ekAdI viziSTa paLe ApaNe mRtyu pAmIe chIe evuM nathI. satata mRtyu pAmIe chIe kAraNa saMsAramAM sarvakALe sarvatra mRtyu pharI vaLeluM che ema teo mAne che. zIlara (1874-1928) mRtyune bIjA janma tarIke oLakhAve che. mAnavajIvanano teo satkAra karatA hovA chatAM mRtyu pachInA jIvananI zakyatAne teo nakAratA nathI. zIlara kahe che, "mRta vyakti je karI rahI haze, te ApaNe jovA nathI pAmatA. kAraNa ke te sUkSma che. tethI ja teo mRtyunI samagra ghaTanAne eka khaMDamAMthI bIjA khaMDamAM javAnI prakriyA sAthe sarakhAve che. samakAlIna tattvajJa vhAITaheDa mAne che, "mRtyu dvArA alagatA pAmavAnI nathI." gaTe mRtyune jIvananI prANazakti prApta karAvanAra kudaratI yojanA gaNe che. teo kahe che, "mRtyu AvavAnuM che, evI samaja ane sacetanatA eka mAnavaneja maLI che. niSNene mRtyu sau prathama to asahya astitvamAMthI chuTakAro ApatuM jaNAyuM. nijonAM lakhANomAM "mRtyunuM udArIkaraNa jovA maLe che. "Dying is not a slander against man and the earth. all that became perfect, all that is ripe wants to die. Death has been made into bitter medicine by narrow pharmacist minds where as one, should make a feast out of ones death. On the other hand death often appeared to him to be an enemy. One is certain to die, why should one not be gay ? the act of dying is not so important after all." 66 astitvavAdanI vicAradhArAmAM mRtyune mAnavIya svarUpa ApavAmAM AvyuM che. mRtyu mAnavIya ghaTanA hovAne lIdhe e samagra jIvanane sparze che. sAstra ane heDagara mRtyune amUrta khyAla rUpe nathI jotA. A baMnenI vicAradhArA samajavA mATe sau prathama kikegorDanI mRtyu viSayaka vicAraNA jovI jarUrI che. mRtyunI anizcitatAthI udbhavatI vyagratA pratye P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 31 kigorDa ApaNuM dhyAna doryuM che. mRtyu koI evI samasyA nathI ke varSamAM ekavAra enI carcA thAya. athavA to koI kamiTIne tenI vicAraNA soMpI zakAya. mRtyunI anizcitatA dareka vyaktine aMgata rIte dareka kSaNe sparze che. kirkagArDa (1817-1855) ne mate vyakti potAnA mRtyuno aMgata vicAra kare tyAre teNe mRtyune aMtarmukhI dRSTie vicAryuM kahevAya. badhA mANasa maraNazIla che tene badale "huM maraNazIla chuM' tevuM vidhAna mRtyunI AMtarikatA darzAve che. jo ke evo vicAra akaLAvanAro jarUra che. astitvavAdano samartha puraskartA sAtre mRtyune eka AkArahIna saMkalpa tarIke oLakhAve che. mANasane teo "prANI ke azarIrI AtmA' kazA tarIke oLakhAvatA nathI. mANasane teo kALa ane zAzvatInA samanvaya tarIke oLakhAve che. sAtre mRtyune "cetanarUpI sata'nA aMta tarIke oLakhAve che. "mRtyu mATe teoe "dIvAla'nuM pratIka prayojyuM che. A jagatamAMnI sAmelagIrInA aMta tarIke paNa mRtyune teoe nihALyuM che. sAstranI daSTie "janma ane mRtyu baMne asaMgata che. teo ema mAne che ke mRtyu jIvanane "pUrNa nathI karatuM paNa samApta kare che. sAtre barAbara jANe che ke manuSya potAnI jiMdagIne artha ApI zake e pahelAM mRtyu ene enI jiMdagImAMthI ukhADI nAkhe che. A visaMgata jagatamAM mRtyunA paDachAyAmAM ja satata jIvana vItAvato mAnava bhArobhAra becena hovAnuM sAstra mAne che. mRtyunI hakIkata mAnavane asaMgatatAno anubhava karAve che. sAstranI dRSTie astitva dharAvatI dareka vastu ke vyakti prayojana vagara janme che. nabaLAIthI TakI rahe che. ne Akasmika rIte mRtyu pAme che. mRtyu tamAma bAbatono aMta hovAthI mRtyu para vijaya' e zabdaprayoga ja emanI daSTie nirarthaka che. "acAnaka AvI pahoMcatuM mRtyu sAstranI daSTie mAnavasvAtaMtrya mATe moTo avarodha nathI. e svAtaMtryano aMta che. nATaka pUruM thayA pachI paDado paDe evI rIte mRtyu goThavAyeluM nathI. A paDado game tyAre paDe che, ne prekSako upara paNa paDe che." sArnanI daSTie "mRtyu' mANasanA jIvanano eka banAva nahi, paNa badhA banAvono aMta che. mRtyu pAmela vyakti vasturUpI sata banI jAya che ane vahurUpI sata ne svAtaMtrya hoI zake nahi. mRtyuthI tenAM kAryo sthira thaI jAya che. mRtyu pachI bIjI vyaktio mRtyu pAmelI vyaktinA jIvanamAM saravALo karIne tene artha Ape che." dama ane kSayanA rogI jesparsana (1883) mRtyunI prakriyAnuM pRththakaraNa karavA prayAsa kare che. mRtyunI ghaTanAne teo jIvananI AkharI niSphaLatA tarIke oLakhAve che. - mRtyunI anivAryatA sAme marajIvA banI astitvanuM gIta jIvanabhara gAnAra A sadInA uttama addabhuta ciMtaka heDegara (1899)nA ciMtanano mahattvano viSaya "mRtyu' che. mRtyu dvArA mAnavanI badhI yojanAo ane praznono aMta AvI jAya che. AtmAnA amaratvanA khyAlane naitika, sAmAjika daSTie jarUrI hovA chatAM, teo anivArya gaNatA nathI. tethI ja temanuM ciMtana vadhu vAstavika ane astitvalakSI banyuM che. mRtyu pachInA astitvano teo svIkAra kare che. "sAmAnya rIte jIvAtA jIvanano svAbhAvika aMta eTale naisargika mRtyunI paLa ane tethI AvA svAbhAvika mRtyune heDegara jIvananuM sarvocca zikhara mAne che." "mRtyu eTale jIvanamAM je karavAnuM hatuM te karyAnA saMtoSane anubhavavAnI ghaDI. ene mATe AMsu sAravAnAM na hoya. mANasano janma ja mRtyune bheTavA mATe to thAya P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 32 che. A jagatamAMthI je divase mRtyu vidAya leze te divase jIvana paNa jIvana nahi hoya. janmano AnaMda paNa marI paravAryo haze." heDegara ema mAne che ke "mRtyunI mImAMsAthI je vyakti sabhAna che, jene janmano AnaMda ke mRtyuno Dara hotA nathI. mRtyune badhI ja zakyatAonA aMta tarIke oLakhAvatA heDegara tema chatAM mRtyune jIvananI sauthI AkarSaka vizeSatA gaNe che. teo kahe che, "ApaNe mRtyuthI eTalA badhA najIka chIe ke tenAthI DarIne dUra bhAgavAnI koziSa karavI vRthA che. muktinA bhAratIya siddhAMtanI jema mRtyune svAtaMtrya mukti' tarIke oLakhAve che. mRtyu mAnavane sAMsArika baMdhanamAMthI mukti apAve che. sAtra heDegaranI jema mRtyune eka vizeSatA nathI gaNatA. teo to ema mAne che ke "mRtyuthI jIvanane koI ja artha prApta thato nathI. (1) "sAstranuM tattvajJAna' pro. ema. vI. bakSI. (2) mArTIna heDegaranuM "tattvadarzana lekhaka DaoN. jayendraprasAda jayazaMkara zukla. ('seIna enDa jheInanI sAtamI AvRttino anuvAda "bIIMga eNnDa TAIma' zIrSaka heThaLa jena mekavarI ane eDamanDa sebinsane karyo. "hArpara enDaro' prakAzakoe nyUyorkathI 1962mAM pragaTa karyo.) harmanaphIphela saMpAdita "mRtyuno artha' nAmanA pustakamAM "mRtyu' aMgenA bhinna temaja paraspara virodhAbhAsI khyAlonI vizada chaNAvaTa karavAmAM AvI che. A pustakamAM "mRtyu viSenI saiddhAMtika, bauddhika, manovaijJAnika, vivecanAtmaka temaja prAyogika staranI carcAno samAveza thAya che. eTaluM ja nahi, DaoNkTaro, daradIo, bALako tathA kizoronA paNa A aMgenA maMtavyo rajU thayA che. A pustakamAM yaMga, hola, TIlIca, kAphamena, markayujha, mAriyA eca. negI, kAsTenabAma, haramanaphiphala, goTalIba menDelabAma, jeksana, haTazaMkara, eronjhana, kespara, neIDamena, rIcara tathA marpha e mRtyu viSayaka vicAro zabdabaddha karyA che. kArlayuga nAmanA jarmana tattvaciMtake "AtmA ane mRtyu' nAmanA lekhamAM baMne tattvonuM rahasya ukelavAno prayAsa karyo che. mAnavasattvanA janmane arthasabhara gaNatA kArlayuga mRtyune aMta gaNatA nathI. teo mRtyune paNa arthasabhara gaNAve che. dekhItA "mRtyu pahelAMja mRtyuno prAraMbha thaI jato hovAnuM temanuM mAnavuM che. sI. Dabalyu. hola ('mRtyuno bhaya') ema mAne che ke "mRtyuno prazna mAnavane ekaja kSaNamAM tuccha banAvI de che' mRtyunA sArvatrika bhaya aMge vAta karatAM teo kahe che, "mANasa "mRtyu' nAmano zabda vAparavA paNa taiyAra nathI "gujarI gayA' "vidAya lIdhI" vagere zabdono prayoga "mRtyu mATe karavAmAM Ave che. soLa soLa varSa kensaranA jIvaleNa roga sAthe jhajhUmanAra phroIDe potAnA putro jyAre yuddhabhUmimAM mRtyuno sAmano karatA hatA, tyAre 'Times on War and Death' temaNe lakhyuM. mRtyunA mAnasazAstrane nikhAlasatAthI samajavAmAM ne svIkAravAmAM jIvanane vadhu sahya banAvavA mATenI samajaNa ane guNa rahyA hovAnuM teo mAne che. volTara kaoNphamena ("astitvavAda ane mRtyu) "avara rilezana Tu Detha' (pR. 332-333) mAM "yuddha mRtyu sAthenA saMbaMdho vikSipta karI nAkhyAnuM phroIDanuM vidhAna teo TAMke che. kophamena phoIDane TAMkatAM kahe che ke "mRtyu aniSedhya, anivArya ne kudaratI tattva hovA chatAM ApaNe sau mRtyu P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 33 vize zabavata khAmozI rAkhavA prayatna karIe chIe." e vAta para phoIDa khAsa bhAra mUkyo che. pola dilIce astitvavAdI vyagratAnuM bahu vyavasthita pRththakaraNa karyuM che. teo kihe che, "mRtyunI ciMtA mULabhUta, sArvatrika ane anivArya che. tene dalIlothI dUra karI zakAtI nathI. AtmAnI amaratAnA siddhAMtanI sAbitI paNa A vyagratAne dUra karI zakatI nathI. astitvavAda sivAyanA philasUphInA graMthomAM mRtyu vize vyApaka nirdeza bahu ocho jovA maLe che. harbaTa mArkasa ("mRtyaviSayaka vicAradhArA') "mRtyuno jJAna sAthe svIkAra karavAnI vAtane mAnavanA janmasiddha hakka tarIke oLakhAve che. teo mAne che ke zarIranI baMdhiyAra avasthAmAM ApaNe sau keda chIe. harbaTa mArkasa mAnavasamAjane vyavasthita karavA mRtyunA astitvane jarUrI mAne che tathA nyAyapUrNa paNa. pheDarIka hophamena ('mayatA ane adyatana sAhitya') potAnA lekhamAM vIsamI sadInA sAhityamAM thayelA mRtyaviSayaka nirUpaNanI viziSTatAono nirdeza kare che. "mAnava, vizvayuddhanI asarane kAraNe Adhunika sAhityamAM "zaba' viSayaka vAto vadhu ullekhAI che. pheDarika amaratAnA bhrAmaka vaLagaNane nirAzAjanaka gaNAve che. teo kahe che, "zetAne enuM mAItholojIkala AkAra tarIkenuM sthAna gumAvI dIdhuM che. vIsamI sadImAM duHkhada aMdhazraddhAno aMta Ave che. mRtyune dUra dhakelavAnuM, temaja pRthvI para svargIya zaherane sthApavAnuM vijJAnanuM kArya saraLa thatuM jAya che. vijJAnanA mukhya hetuomAMno mahattvano eka hetu e che ke "mRtyune dUra karavAnA prayAsa vize vicAravuM' mRtyunA nAza vize vijJAne kAma karavAnuM che. jo ke e sAcuM che ke koI vaijJAnike mRtyune dUra karavAnI na to zakti batAvI che ke nathI to eno saMpUrNa nAza karavAnI AzA dharAvI che. trAsadAyaka hiMsA ane tanAvabharyuM jIvana eliyaTa, ejharA pAunDa, joyyasa tathA phokanara ne ciMtana karavA prere - have "mRtyunRtya", "mRtyu pAmavAnI kalA', "mRtyavijaya' jevA viSayonI sAthe daphanakriyA, "kaphana' "smazAna', "paMkhImRtyu' vagere navA viSayo umerAya che. to "mRtyuzadhyA" (DathabeDa' paNa eka navo viSaya che. mAriyA eca. negIe mRtyu viSe bALakonA abhigamane spaSTa rIte samajavA tathA emanA mRtyaviSayaka khyAlono abhyAsa karavA traNa paddhati vaDe sAmagrI bhegI karI hatI. traNaso aThThottera jeTalAM bALakonI vigato ekaThI karI teoe tAraNo kADhyAM. "pAMca varSanAM bALako mRtyune anivArya ghaTanA tarIke oLakhI zakatAM nathI." "pAMca varSathI nava varSanAM bALako moTe bhAge mRtyune eka mUrtimaMta mAnavasvarUpamAM tathA Akasmika ghaTanA tarIke oLakhe che.... jyAre nava varSa ane enI uparanI uMmaranAM bALako mRtyune cokkasa niyamanI prakriyArUpe jue che.' pahelA jUthanAM bALako "mRtyu' ne "mRtyu' tarIke oLakhI zatAM nahi. mRta vyaktimAM paNa jIvana ane cetanA hovAnuM teo mAnatAM. athavA to mRtyune "vidAya' ke nidrArUpe alaga pADI oLakhAvatAM. keTalAMka bALako mRtyune "kharAba vastu' mAnatAM. to koIka vaLI mRtyu pAmavAne adazya thavA sAthe sAMkaLatAM. mRta vyakti kabrastAnamAM AvatI hovAnuM ke kaoNphinane kAraNe sthagita thaI gayI hovAnuM paNa teo P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradnak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 34 mAnatAM. pAMcathI cha varSanAM bALako mRtyune koI cokkasa ghaTanA tarIke svIkAravA zaktimAna na hatAM. "mRtyu'nA astitvathI teo ajANa na hatAM. paraMtu "mRtyu' ne kramazaH ke kSaNika vastu tarIke jotAM. - bIjA stabakanAM bALakonA jUthamAM (cha thI navanAM) moTAbhAganAM bALakoe mRtyune mUrtimaMta svarUpe kalpeluM. koIka vaLI mRtyune barapha jevuM zveta kalyuM che, to koIkane e hADapiMjara jevuM dekhAya che. mRtyune atyaMta mUrtimaMta mAnatA bALakane to enAM pagalAMnAM nizAna paNa dekhAya. mRtyune teo jaDamULathI ukheDI nAkhavA mAgatAM. nava varSane agiyAra mahinAnA eka chokarAe mRtyune khUba khataranAka gaNAvyuM hatuM. te ema mAnato ke rAtre mRtyu darekanI pAse Ave che, ne savAra paDatAM adazya thaI jAya che. cAra varSa ne nava mAsanA eka bALakane to mRtyunuM saranAmuM jANavuM hatuM. jethI e tyAM jaI ene mArI zake. eka bALaka mRtyune eTalA mATe kharAba mAnatuM ke mRtyu mAnavane jIvato aTakAvI de che. ATha varSa ne pAMca mAsano eka chokaro, mRtyu hAthamAM dAtaraDuM rAkhatuM hovAnuM mAnato. mRtyu kharAba hovAthI ene ghara hotAM nathI, ne tethI e Amatema rajhaLyA kare che. paMdareka TakA bALako sAMje mRtyu viSe vicAravA TevAyelAM hatAM. mRtyu sAthe aMdhakArane gADha saMbaMdha hovAnuM ya teo mAnatAM. "mRtyumAnava" mukhyatve rAtre Avato hovAnI teonI kalpanA hatI. keTalAMka bALako mRtyu pAmelI vyaktinI jagyAe "mRtyu" ja zabda vAparatAM. sAta varSa ne agiyAra mAsanI chokarI e. sI. mAne che ke "mRtyu bolI zakatuM nathI ke cAlI zakatuM nathI. mRtyu moTebhAge kabrastAnamAM ja hoya che. mANasa jyAre marI jAya che, tyAre e mRtyubanI jAya che. bI. ema. nAmano ATha varSa ne be mAsano chokaro jaNAve che "mRtyu jIvita na hovAthI vAta karI zakatuM nathI, ene mana hotuM nathI, e lakhI vAMcI zakatuM nathI. kAraNa enAmAM caitanya nathI. AmAMnA poNAbhAganAM bALako mRtyune eka viziSTa vyaktitva tarIke kalpatAM. pahelA jUthanI apekSAe bIjA jUthamAM vAstavanI samaja vistarelI jovA maLe che. paheluM jUtha to mRtyuno asvIkAra ja kare che. jyAre bIjuM jUtha mRtyunuM astitva to svIkAre che, paNa bIjI bAju mRtyunA vicAra pratye sakhata aNagamo dharAve che. ene kyAMnuM kyAM dUra pheMkI daI zakAya to sAruM ema teo mAnatAM. - trIjA stabakanAM bALakoe mRtyune mahaddaaMze "zArIrika pravRttinI sthagitatA' tarIke oLakhAvyuM che. nava tathA tenI uparanAM bALako mRtyune pArthiva jiMdagInA aMta tarIke oLakhatAM zIkhI jAya che. teo jyAre ema samajatAM thAya che ke "mRtyunI prakriyA ApaNI aMdara ja thayA kare che tyAre emane mRtyunA vaizvika svarUpanI oLakha thAya che. epha. I. nAmanI dasa varSanI eka chokarI "mRtyu eTale gujarI javuM" ema kahe che. jemAMthI ApaNuM zarIra pachI utthAna pAmatuM nathI. evA mRtyune e karamAI gayelA phUla jevuM kahe che. navA varSa cAra mAsanI sI. jI. nAmanI chokarI mRtyune jiMdagInA "aMta' tarIke oLakhAve che. nava varSa ane agiyAra mAsano epha. jI. jANe che ke, "mRtyunA prahAramAMthI koI chaTakI zakatuM nathI." e kahe che "zarIra marI jAya che, AtmA jIve che. jo ke A chokaro eTaluM jANe che ke, "mRtyuno citAra e pote mRtyu nathI.' nava varSa ne cAra mAsano esa. TI. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 35 mRtyune vyaktinA jIvananA eka bhAga tarIke oLakhAve che. "maravuM eTale eka navI jiMdagI' ema kahetA A bALaka AtmAne amara mAne che. kizoro mRtyu vize zuM vicAre che? eno abhyAsa robarTa kesTanabIe "kALa ane mRtyu' nAmanA emanA lekhamAM zabdabaddha karyo che. kizoro mRtyu vize atyArathI kazuM vicAravA mAgatA nathI. dakSiNa keliphorniyAmAM madhyamakakSAnI eka zALAnA basosAMITha vidyArthI bhAIbahenane abhyAsI keTalAMka tAraNo teoe kADhyAM che. kizoronA vicAro ane viSayonI pheImamAM "mRtyu ne lagabhaga koI sthAna nathI. tema chatAM kyAreka samaya maLe tyAre keTalAka vidyArthIoe AnA vize vicAra karyo che. devaLanI pravRttio sAthe saMkaLAyelA ne dhArmika vRttinA vidyArthIo mRtyu vize saceta hatA. kizoro sAmAnya rIte mRtyunA vicArone potAnAthI dUra rAkhe che. eTaluM ja nahi, judI judI rIte mRtyu sAthe saMkaLAyelA hoya, evA viSayothI paNa dUra bhAgavAno teo prayatna karatA hoya che. asvastha temaja mAnasika mAMdagI anubhavatA mAnavono mRtyu paratveno daSTikoNa harmana phiphale vicAryo che. mAnasika roganA keTalAka daradIonA manamAM mRtyunA vicAro satata ghoLAyA karatA hoya che. kayA roganA daradathI maravAnuM pasaMda karavuM ? e praznanA javAbamAM moTA bhAganAoe rilAyA vinAnuM jhaDapI mRtyu icchayuM. mRtyunA vAstavane jagajAhera banAvI vadhu durbodha banAvAyuM che. maratA daradIo DokTaranI mRtyubhItine vadhu sateja banAve che. tethI teomAM kyAreka mRtyu viSe "kAunTara phobika valaNa jovA maLe che. che. keTalAka ema vicAre che ne kahe paNa che ke "maratA mANaso pAse mRtyunI vAta karavI e krUratA che." paNa harmana phiphalanAM tAraNo kaMIka juduM ja kahe che. "maratA daradIone mRtyu viSayaka vicAro ane lAgaNIo vize ghaNuM ghaNuM kahevAnuM hoya che. paNa ApaNe ja e mATe dvAra baMdha karI daIe chIe. harmanaphiphela kahe che, "Death is one of the essential realities of life." 67 AvanAra "mRtyu e ciMtAno viSaya hoto nathI. paNa mAnavanI karuNatA e che ke e aparipakva rIte ne mobhA vinA mare che. keTalAkane mate mRtyu, pIDAmAMthI mukti apAvanAra zAMtidAyaka nidrAmAM laI janAra mitra gaNAyuM che. kArlA golIba mRtyune mAnava astitvanA eka cokkasa zRMga tarIke oLakhAve che. te DevIDa jI. menDelaboma "daphanavidhinA sAmAjika upayogo' nAmanA lekhamAM mRtyu pAmelI vyaktinI hayAta rahelI vyakti para thatI UMDI asarano nirdeza kare che. keTalAka pradezomAM mRtyune eka sukhada ghaTanA gaNavAmAM Ave che. "zoka ane dharma nAmanA lekhamAM egara. ena. jeksana kahe che "maranAra vyaktionA asthinI eTale ke enA darzananI tathA enI anya vastuonI jIvaMta vyaktio para UMDI asara thAya che. mRtyunI vAstaviktA tathA svajanothI vikhUTA paDavAnI prakriyA emane duHkha pahoMcADe che. to bIjI bAju eka mAnyatA evI paNa che ke dizA ane kALanI pele pAra kyAMka zAzvatatAnuM mahAmUlya raheluM che. ArnolDa e haDDanekara emanA "dAktarI ane prAyogika abhyAsa' nAmanA lekhamAM jaNAve che ke "jiMdagI ane mRtyunA mAnavajIvana sAthenA saMbaMdhanuM dAktaro avalokana karatA hoya che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 36 - DaoN. phenkaMDera kahe che "maranAra daradI potAnA aMta bhAge mRtyu vize jANato ja hoya che. ne jIvana choDI devA e taiyAra paNa hoya che. daradIo aMte potAnI jAta sAthe suleha karI ja letA hoya che. teo samajI svIkArI le che ke "jIvanasaMgrAma pUro thayo che' maraNapathArI paranAM daradIonuM avalokana karatAM phalita thAya che ke mRtyunI bIka maranAra mANasa karatAM sAjAsamA emanA anya svajanone vizeSa hoya che. A jIrolDa je. esonsana "maraNazIla daradInI sAravAra' nAmanA lekhamAM daradIonI manaHsthiti tathA temanI sAthenI DokTara tathA svajanonI vartaNUka viSenA vicAro rajU kare che. cheka mRtyu AvI pahoMce tyAM sudhI daradInI jIvanaAzA maravI na joIe. ne chatAM paristhitinI gaMbhIratA paNa jaLavAvI joIe. daradIne tenA mRtyu aMgeno saMketa ApavAnI vAta ghaNI sUkSmatA, yukti tathA samayanI sAvacetI mAMgI le che. AIslara tenA "sAIkyA TrasTa eNnDa dhI DAIMga pezanTa' nAmanA pustakamAM jaNAve che ke "bIjA badhAe daradInA mRtyunI rAha jotA hoya tema goLa kuMDALAmAM tyAM besI na javuM joIe." lokonI aNaghaDa rIte maravAnI rIta para teoe aNagamo vyakta karyo che. - "DaoNkTara ane mRtya' nAmanA lekhamAM oNgasTa kespara lakhe che "dAktarI mAvajata ke sAravAra Urmi ke uSmAthI sabhara na hoya to daradI koIka UMDA aMdhakAramAM dhakelAI jAya che. jyAM ene mRtyu sivAya kazuM dekhAtuM nathI, ne tyAre thoDIghaNI bAkI rahelI jiMdagI paNa e TakAvI zakaze ke kema enI zaMkA thAya che. dhArmika valaNavALA sabhyo potAnA mRtyu viSe vAraMvAra carcA karavA taiyAra hoya che. jyAre binadhArmika vRttivALA mANaso mRtyune jIvananA kudaratI aMta rUpe jue che. temane mATe mRtyu e parAkASThA nathI, paNa gulAbanA vikharAI javA jevI prakriyA che. mRtyu aMgenI ciMtA ghaTADavA lekhake jIvananA mahattva para bhAra mUkyo che. temaja mRtyu pachInA jIvanane paNa mahattva ApavAnI vAta karI che. mRtyunA prazna paratve ghaNI jAgRti rAkhavA paNa jaNAvyuM che. che. grIka temaja yuropIya sAhityamAM, khAsa karIne kavitAmAM mRtyaviSayaka ciMtana avAranavAra pragaTa thayeluM jovA maLe che. mAnavajIvananI kSaNabhaMguratAnuM satya kavi homare pichAnyuM hatuM. teoe kahyuM "The heroes are the dying one, on the battle field of life, death is the end of the fight." sophophilasanI grIka TrejaDImAM mRtyu A rIte nirUpAyuM che. bhayaMkara karAla mRtyu avani pare vyomamAM chavAya ahIM puSpamAM, phaLaphaLAdimAM, ghAsamAM samAM chavAya ahIM mRtyu, ko jananI garbhamAM, sarvatramAM mare karuNa mRtyumAM "akhila' ArtanAde bharyuM che - (be grIka TrejeDi) to dAntano "Inpharne mRtyunI ja abhivyakti nahi to bIjuM zuM? "InpharnI e eka kALuM naraka che. laMbAveluM mRtyu." dAtte kahe che "Death ultimately means agony, chaos, despair." yuropIya kavitAmAM paNa mRtyaviSayaka ciMtananuM ramaNIya svarUpa jovA maLe che. brAunIMga P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 37 mRtyune bahAdura vIranI jema paDakAre che. "I was ever a fighter, so one fight more, the best and the last." pheMca navalakathAkAra kAmU mAne che ke "je kAraNe jIvavA mATe che, evuM ja suMdara kAraNa mRtyunuM hoI zake." kaoNlarija mRtyu vize kahe che, "O sleep, it is a gentle thing, beloved from pole to pole." 274244 'In Memoriam' Hi se s9, "Sleep is deaih's twin brother." bekona kahe che, "Men fear death, as children fear to go in the dark, and as that natural fear in children is increased, with tales, so i other." u9 (Francis Bacon Essays of Death). "mRtyu jUnA gharamAMthI navA gharamAM thatuM prasthAna mAtra che.' A samajAya to mRtyuno bhaya cAlyo jAya. mRtyu e to mAMdA thAkelA, ne jIrNa thayelAno visAmo che." mRtyu pArthiva zarIra choDavAnI prakriyA che. jayAre janma pArthiva zarIra dhAraNa karavAnI. volesa sTIvansa "mRtyune sauMdaryanI jananI kahe che. teo mAne che ke mRtyu ja ApaNAM svapnone sAkAra kare che. 2 TI. sI. viliyama mRtyune jIvanano tAja kahe che ne mRtyunA InkArane jIvananI nirarthaktA mAne che. kavi milTanane emanA dvAre UbhelA phikkA azvarUpe mRtyu dekhAyuM. Tenisana "dhI vIjhana oNpha sIna'mAM mRtyu sAthe goSThi karavA mATe zAMta praharanI yAcanA kare che. monTegyu mRtyune "RNa' kahe che. jahona golyavardhI mRtyunA samudra tarapha potAnA zaDha khullA mUkI dIdhAnuM kahe che. dvAra pAse prANa harI javA UbhA rahelA mRtyunI vAta karatAM ena. pI. vIlsane Ugato caMdra vizvAsa nathI Apato ke divasane teo pUrNa karI zakaze. zeli kahe che, ahIM che mRtyu tyAMya mRtyu || [9che rAnI mRtyu cAre kora upara nIce sarvatra ne ApaNe sau mRtyu" 1 mRtyu sau sAthe samAna rIte varte che. ene koI prakAranA bheda hotA nathI. banArDa zo kahe che, "Life levels all men, death reveals the eminent." 2 volTara kolmana paNa nyAyakartA mRtyunI vAta karatAM kahe che, "Death levels master and slave, the sceptre and the law, and makes unlike like."73 horesa kahe che, "Pale Death, with impartial step, knocks at the poor man's cottage, and at the palaces of Kings." 14 e loMgaphelo ("rIpara enDa dhI phalAvara) mRtyune mALI sAthe sarakhAve che. mRtyu enuM dAtaraDuM sarasa calAvatuM hovAnuM teo kahe che. A 5 ( v y / sI. DI. zeli kahe che, "She died in beauty like a rose, Blown from its parent stem." 76 Palladas se 9, "Weep not for him who departs from life, for there is no suffering beyond death." 77 (Greek Antology Bk. X. epig. 59) P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 38 horesa smitha mRtyune jIvananA nidrita bhAgIdAra tarIke oLakhAve che. pheliziyA hemensa kahe che, "mRtyune paNa enI AgavI Rtuo che. pAMdaDAo enA nizcita samaye khare che. ne uttaranA pavanajhapATe pelAM phUlo vilAya che. ne pelA tArAo paNa enA nakkI samaye ja adazya thAya che." 78 "There is a remedy for everything, but death, whirh will be sure to lay us out that sometime or other." 79 (Cervantes. Don Quixote Pt. ii ch 10) olDa TesTAmenTamAM ApaNe sau eka sUkA pAnanI jema kharI javAnA" e satya pragaTa karAyuM che. 80 josepha jephararsana kahe che, "ApaNe sau bhADuAto chIe, TUMka samayamAM pelo mahAna gharamAlika ApaNuM "karAranAmuM pUruM thayAnI noTisa Apaze." 81 "When Life knocks at the door no one can wait. When Death makes his arrest we have to go." 82 (John Masefield - The widow in the Bye street / Pt. ii) * "jyAre mRtyu Ave che, tyAre e nathI to koInI uMmarano vicAra karatuM ke, na to guNono. e to A dunyavI astitvamAMthI mAMdA, ke sazakta, garIba ke tavaMgara saune ekasarakhI rIte upADIne pheMkI de che ne ApaNane saune pratyeka paLe "mRtyu mATe taiyAra rahevAnuM zIkhave che." * (enDa jeksana) . - loMgaphelo kahe che, "There is a Reaper, whose name is Death, And with his sickle keen, He reaps the bearded grain at a breath. And the flowers that grow between." 85 (The Reaper and the flowers') "The fear of death is worse than death itself." 88 (Publilius syrus sententi 9. 54) Hey miluies se s9, "No lamentation can loose prisoners of death from the grave." 87 (Merope I 527) zeksapiyara "mRtyune vaNazodhAyelA pradeza tarIke oLakhAve che, jyAMthI koI musAphara pAcho pharato nathI." 88 ('hemleTa' aMka-3 dazya-1) Joa Quin Miller kahe che "Death is delightful, Death is dawn, The waking from a weary night of fevers unto truth and light." (r) (391) Hartley Coleridge eka suMdara zaizava mRtyu lakhe che. "She passed away like morning dew, Before the Sun was high. So brief her time, She scarcely knew meaning of a sigh." 90 (Early Death') ( 1 , juliyaTanA mRtyu aMge zeksapiyara lakhe che, "Death lies on her like an untimely frost upon the sweetest flower of all the field." (Shakespeare "Romeo and Juliet" P. 400 Act. iv. Sc. 5) nAva ( Tenisana kahe che, "Come not, when I am dead. To drop thy foolish tears upon my grave. To trample round my fallen head. And vex the unhappy dust thou wouldst not save. There let the wind sweep and P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 39 the polver cry - But thou, go by" se (Tennyson - Come Not when I am dead') jhona Dana paNa mRtyu para mAnavanA vijayanI temaja mRtyunA mRtyunI vAta kare che, te mRtyunA astitvane paDakAre che. "Death be not proud, though some have called thee mighty and dreadful, for thou art not so, For, those, whom thou thinkst, thou dost overthrow. Die not, poor death, nor yet canst thou kill me.... One short sleep past, we wake eternally, And death shall be no more, Death thou shalt die." 9 (John Donne Holy Sonnets' No. x) eDavIna ArnolDa janma maraNanA cakarAvAnI vAta karatAM kahe che, "janmano aMta mRtyu che, ne mRtyuno janma' Nascemes Morimur janma sAtheja mAnava paLepaLe thoDo thoDo marato hovAthI, ne mRtyu sAtheja e thoDo thoDo janmato hovAnI vAta kare che. mAnavanA janmanI zarUAta sAtheja eno aMta saMkaLAyelo hovAnuM e kahe che." (Astronomic Bk. v. sec. 16) Tenisana paNa ema ja kahe che, "Every minute dies man, Every minute one is born." 95 (Tennyson 'The Vision of Sin' Pt. iv. St. 9) je kAvya parathI koIno lADakavAyo' lakhavA meghANI prerAyA hatA. e 'Somebody's darlings slumbers here' ni Marie R. Lacoste cu c, "Tenderly bury the fair young dead. Pau-sing to drop on his grave a tear. Carve on the wooden slab at his head." 96 nyU TesTAmenTamAM kahyuM che, "O death, where is thy sting ? o grave, where is thy victory" ? 97 (New Testament i Corinthians X 54, 55) loMgaphelo lakhe che, "There is no Death, What seems so is transition. This life of mortal breath. It but a suburb of the life elysian Whose Portal we call Death." >> (Longfellow, Resignation 1848) Charles Mackay mRtyunA astitvano ja asvIkAra kare che. kazuM ja mRtyu pAmatuM nathI. dareka vinAzane cheDe koI navasarjananI kUMpaLa phUTatI dekhAya che." 29 (Charles Mackay - "No such things as death') | Victor, Marquis De Mirabeau "saMgItanI suMdara saMgatamAM mRtyu pAmavAnI OjWll daal." "Let me die to the sounds of delicious music." 100 (Victor, Marquis De Mirabeau) arnesTa renana kALanI anaMtatAmAM zraddhA dharAve che. e kahe che, "ApaNe nAza pAmIzuM, adazya thaIzuM, paNa samayanI raphatAra to avirata vahyA ja karaze." * Sir harry Vane sec, "Death is but a little word, but it's a great work to die." 102 (Sir harry vane on the scaffold 1662) prakRti ane saMgItano cAhaka elekajhAMDara vIlsana kahe che, "Buy me where the birds will sing over my grave." 103 (Alexander Wilson, the Ornithologist) P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 40 aMgreja kavi eliyaTa (1888-1965) emanA "dha lava soMga oNpha je. AphreDa praphoka"mAM svayaM kALabhagavAnanAM anaMta svarUpone sparzatuM citaMna Ape che. je satata cheka phora kvAsa sudhI eka stare akhaMDa vaheNarUpe jovA maLe che. joronsanano kAvyaviSaya paNa mRtyaciMtana che. dariyAne kavi eliyaTa eka sAthe jIvana ane mRtyunA pratIka tarIke oLakhAve che. samayanA parimANane siddha karavAnI eliyaTanI pratijJA che. "isTokara'nI AraMbhanI paMkti che, "In my end is my beginnig, In my beginning is my kALanI akhaMDitatA teo A rIte varNave che. "Time present and time past are both perhaps present in time future and time future contained in time past." 106 - nagaralaMDana brija para vahI AvelA eka zUnyatAnA pratIka samA mAnavaToLAne joI kavi bolI UThe che, "meM dhAryuM nahotuM, mRtyue ATalA badhAne mahAta karI dIdhA haze." maraNanA nRtya mahIM chAyAtaNA chaMdana tathA koI khinna pizAcanuM kalpAMta saMbhaLAya che. kavi mRtyunA ja bahupAMkhaDiyA gulAbane eka AzAcina gaNAve che. "mANasanI A khAlIkhama, ne atidIrgha jiMdagImAM sAMdhya prakAzita lokamahIM. mRtyunA bahupAMkhaDiyA gulAbamAMja eka AzA rahI che." yUnikona nAmanA divya prANIne kavie sone maDhyA ratnakhacita mRtyuthane kheMcatuM kapyuM che. "marDara ina dhI kethIDrIla mAM bekeTano mRtyu pAmIneya vijaya thAya che. mRtyu hAraze, bekeTa jItaze" e sAcuM nIvaDe che. have kavi bhArapUrvaka kahe che, "We shall not cease from exploration." 103 ja A lirikanA pahelA khaMDamAM vinAza ane vinAza ja.... paNa nIce UtaratuM avatArakRtyanI jAherAta karatuM kabUtara tathA bhaviSyakathana karatI jiddAo ApaNI saMbhavita muktinI zarato jAhera kare che. eliyaTanuM "dha IsTa laMDa' verAna thayelA ujjaDa thayelA mAnavInA Adarzo, prema, bhUtakALa, mUlyo, samayasabhara zUnyatA ane ekalatAne aneka sAhityika adhyAsothI Alekhe che. 'Mythical method' dvArA aneka samayanAM pAtronI sahapasthiti, tathA AMtaravirodho kAvyamAM UbhA karyA che." 07 . "April is the cruellest month" vyaktigata ane saMskRtigata mUMjhavaNo A rIta prathama paMktimAM dhvanita thAya che. eprila mAsanI krUratA ahIM vinAza vaMdhyatva ane verAnInuM pratIka che. samaya pote have mAtra bhayaMkara vinAzakatAno paryAya banI rahe che. "A eka evI mabhUmi che, jemAM ghaNA mANaso jIvatA nathI. kavitAnuM mukhya vastu sibilanA I wish to die' mAM joI zakAya. paNa pelA varadAnamAM Apelo jIvavAno zApa ja jANe mAnavInuM satya banI rahe che. prathama khaMDamAM maraNane jIvatA mAnavIonI vAta Ave che" % - lAla TekarInA paDachAyA nIce zuM che? tyAM sukhacena nathI. te to mRtyuno paDachAyo che. bIjo khaMDa che A Game of chess' ahIM be prakAranI jindagI ane be jAtanAM mRtyunI vAta gUMthI levAmAM AvI che. A mabhUmimAM pAtro kazuM jotAM nathI, kazuM jANatAM P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 41 nathI. Ama joIe to jIvatAM ja nathI. ahIM maraNa paNa vaMdhyatAno ja paryAya banI rahe che." 19 - Death by water' "jaLathI ghAta' mAM eliyaTe AgaLa phreMcamAM lakhelI kAvyaracanAno bhAva pharI varNavyo che. phinizyana khalAsI je DUbIne mRtyu pAmyo che. te ApaNane devonI, jaLamAM visarjana karavAnI vidhinuM smaraNa karAve che. sAthe sAthe Furtility "Cult' nA vidhinI paNa yAda karAve che. "dharatInI phaLadrupatAne samayanA cakra sAthe TakAvI rAkhavAno A vidhino Aje zo artha ? aMte to badhuM maraNa ja che. phiniziyAnA kalIbAsanI kathA A rIte mRtyunI najIka UbhelI saMskRtinI kathA che. aMte to A astitva jaLane zaraNe ja javAnuM che. kazuM TakavAnuM nathI. Rtuo, icchAo, kazuM nahi. A mithamAM nirUpAyelo samaya vartuLAkAra che. A mithadvArA manuSya potAnAM mULiyAM zodhavA pravRtta thavAno nathI. kAraNa ke tenA mULiyAM mULathI ja saDelAM che." A vArSika devane pANImAM DubADavAno vidhi mAtra 'Death of summer' ja nahi, paNa Death by drowing of christian baptist paNa che." 19 to "dha holomana'nI prathama khaMDanI aMtima paMktiomAM kavi pratyakSa dRSTi' (Direct eyes) nA eka noMdhapAtra kalpana pAse ApaNane lAvI mUke che. 11 (pravINa darajI). je loko evI "pratyakSa daSTi' ne pAmIne mRtyunA avara sAmrAjyamAM pahoMcI gayA che evAo, A khokhalA. bodA ke arthahIna mANasane yAda kare to paNa A abharakho to asamartha janInI ekoktirUpa che. bIjA khaMDamAM lakavAgrasta mAnavInA pelA Death's other Kingdom' sudhI pahoMcI nahIM zakavAnA asAmarthyanuM eka vadhu AsvAdacitra kavie upasAvyuM che. 13 "This is the dead land. This is Cactus land." jevI smaraNIya paMktiothI AraMbhAtA tRtIya khaMDamAM "kAMTALIbhUmi' mAM Death's dream kingdom' nA bhayanI lAgaNI paNa umerAya che. ne ema riktatAnuM, arthahInatAnuM, niSphaLatAnuM vizva vistare che. cothA khaMDamAMnA AraMbhe pelI "AMkha eyes' nI imeja pharI dekhA de che. paNa ahIM pelA mRtyu pAmI rahelA tArakonI khINa sAme enuM koI mahattva nathI. have juo, zArI nAkhe tevuM aTUlApaNAnuM, aMdhakAranuM, mRtyunuM, khAlIkhamapaNAnuM citra ghaTTa thatuM jAya che." 113 "AMkha' eyes' nuM kalpana ahIM vadhu sUkSma banyuM che. eliyaTa ahIM dAntamAMthI pelo multifoliate rose' no saMdarbha laI Ave che. A bahupAMkhaDIya gulAba' dAntanI jema rikta mAnavInI paNa ekamAtra bacelI AzA che. "phora kvArTasa" mAM gatimAM thatA samayanA vistAranI vAta karatAM eliyaTa agAu prayojeluM eka kalpana yoje che. "at the still point of turning world." dAtte unmoved mover' dvArA je vAta kahI gayA hatA te ja vAta eliyaTa ApaNA saMdarbhamAM kahe che. "basTa norTana A kAvyano sauthI vadhu ciMtanAtmaka bhAga che. isTa kokara'nA AraMbhamAM ....In my beginning is my end' kahI eliyaTa samaya P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 0 42 ane itihAsa vize carcA kare che. w - "dha DrAya sAlvejijha' mAM samaya ane aparivartanazIlatA ja rahelI che. time the destroyer is time the presever' nA saMdarbhe zrI kRSNanA niSkAma karmayoganI bhUmikAno eliyaTa je nirdeza kare che, te samajI zakAya. The end is where we start from thI zarU thayelA badhA ja viSayavastuo pharIvAra sthAna pAme che. dareka vAkya aMta che ane AraMbha che, dareka kArya mRtyu pratyenuM Daga che ane sAthe sAthe mokSa pratyenuM paNa." * | "IsTa kokara'mAMnI paMkti "We must be still and still moving." dhyAnamAM rAkhavA jevI che. " ( A pramANe sauMdarya upAsako ane gAyako jevA kavioe (yuropa tathA eziyAnA) jIvana ane mRtyunA sauMdaryatva ane satvanA vividha saMdarbho ane saMsparzI mAnavajagatane ApyA che. ne saunA hRdayapradezamAM mRtyunA saudaryanI AbhA prasarAvI zAMta, snigdha tathA saumya evA "mRtyu tattvanI mahattA gAI che. Ama pazcimanI vicAradhArAmAM judA judA ciMtakoe vizada mRtyaciMtana ApyuM che. saue potAnI AgavI rIte vizvanA tathA jIvananA A gahana rahasyamaya viSaya para satata ciMtana karyuM che. ne chatAM koI saMpUrNa uttara prApta thayo nathI. to kyAMka virodhAbhAsI maMtavyo paNa ApaNane maLe che. pUrva ane pazcima baMne vicAradhArAmAM ghaNA ciMtakonA vicAro sAmya dharAve che. AtmAnI amaratA, mRtyu pachIno punarjanma, sUkSmajIva, zarIranI bhaTakana jevA khyAlo baMne vicAradhArAmAM jovA maLe che. to mRtyunI bhIti tathA mRtyunA agamya rahasyanI vAta paNa baMnemAM vicArAI che. "mAtra zarIra e ja jIvana" "zarIra ane AtmA judA nathI" "zarIra sAthe AtmAno nAza' jevAM vidhAno paNa baMne vicArasaraNImAM jovA maLe che. mRtyune "mukti', AnaMdanI parisImA, badhI yAtanAno aMta tathA "maMgala avasara' tarIke paNa pUrva tathA pazcima baMne tattvaciMtanamAM varNavAyuM che. prakRtimAM temaja mAnavajAtamAM thato dareka aMta ApaNane jANe ke moTethI kahe che. "tamAro paNa eka divasa aMta AvavAno" to samayanI zAzvata bhUmimAMthI AvyAnI ne temAM pAchA javAnI vAta keTalAka svIkAre che, keTalAka nahi. mahAbhAratanA vastu para AdhArita "sAvitrI mahAkAvyamAM zrI araviMda, premano mRtyu parano vijaya, temaja mAnavanI masyatAmAM paNa rahelI enI amaratAne gAya che. pAdaTIpa a.naM. vigata pAnAnaMbara 1. "Rgvada paricaya AcArya viSNudeva sAMkaLezvara paMDita 118 zAMtiparva anu. zAstrI girajAzaMkara mayAzaMkara 3. "zAMtiparva anu. zAstrI girajAzaMkara mayAzaMkara 390 "Rgvada paricaya AcArya viSNudeva sAMkaLezvara paMDita 315 5. "Rgvada paricaya AcArya viSNudeva sAMkaLezvara paMDita 317 6. "Rgvada paricaya AcArya viSNudeva sAMkaLezvara paMDita 325 7. "DhopaniSad' zrImada zaMkarAcArya kRta upaniSada 70, 72, bhASya khaDa - 1 72, 81, 230, 236, 262, 66, 67 5 P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 43 8. upaniSadanavanIta' hindI lekhaka vAsudevazaraNa agravAla anu. zAstrI jayanArAyaNa bhaTTa 9. upaniSadanavanIta' vAsudevazaraNa agravAla anu. zAstrI jayanArAyaNa bhaTTa - hindI lekhaka vAsudevazaraNa agravAla 10. upaniSadanavanIta' anu. zAstrI jayanArAyaNa bhaTTa - hindI lekhaka vAsudevazaraNa agravAla 11. upaniSadanavanIta anu. zAstrI jayanArAyaNa bhaTTa 92. Savitri Sri Aurobindo ejana 169 206 588 535 589 612 593 593 633 633 647 663 663 664 665 cidAnaMdA zrI makaraMda dave 718 67, 68, 84 65 28. "bhAratIya-darzana' 334 DaoN. rAdhAkRSNanuM anu. naMdakizora govila vidyAlaMkAra) svAmI vivekAnaMda ra9. jJAnayoga' 30. 31. yoganI pagadaMDI mAtAjI anu. suMdaram 3ra. zAMtiniketana khaMDa-3, ravIndranAtha TAgora 33. "gItapaMcazatI' ravIndranAtha TAgora 34. 3pa. 36. paramasakhA mRtyunA kAkAsAheba kAlelakara 38. "jyAM darekane pahoMcavuM che kAkAsAheba kAlelakara 39. kabIra vacanAvalI anu. pinAkina trivedI saha anu. raNadhIra upAdhyAya 40. "aSTAdazastotra' "carpaTa-paMjarikA zrImazaMkarAcArya 41. zataraMtuSTaya saMgraha bhartuhari (zloka 12) 196 306 330 para 10 110 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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411 arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 44 42. "mota para manana phirojha dAvara 83. "Freedom from J. Krishnamurti the known' 44, "jaina-tattva-prakAza anu. zrI jhaveracaMda jAdavajI 45. "meM mRtyu sikhAtA hUM zrI rajanIzajI 46. bhAratIyadarzana DaoN. rAdhAkRSNana anu. va. naMdakizora govila (vidyAlaMkAra) 47. "bhAratIyadarzana DaoN. rAdhAkRSNana ra57, 258 anu. sva. naMdakizora govila (vidyAlaMkAra) 48. "ona dhammapada' mAtAjI anu. jayaMtIlAla AcArya 49, "ciMdAnaMdA makaraMda dave 50. "meM mRtyu sikhAtA huM zrI rajanIzajI 51. -a"sTecyuM anila jozI 51. -ba-"mRtyunA bhayanuM je kRSNamUrtinI daSTie (babAbhAI paTela rahasya . ("gujarAta samAcAra' 17-2-93). 42. "Death and Western Thought' - Jac-Ques Choron 4 53. 54. 55. 56. 57. "153,154 A 155 " 162 " 197, 198 210 64. 210 che ke 204 115 34 67. 68. "be grIka TreDi anu. jazavaMta ThAkara bhAnumatI jAnI 69. 'Stevenson's on Death' - Book of Quotations (R. 808-88). 70. (Stevenson's on Death' - Book of Quotations ejana 387 374 379 383 383 383 384 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 45 76. ? Stevenson's on Death' - Book of Quotations ejana 77. 78. 78. 400 405 379 379 380 381 381 383 84. 384 85. 384 88. 388 388 389 391 394 89. 400 407 407 405 406 94. 95. 410 97. 412 98. 412 99: 413 100. 416 101, tA 416 10ra. 416 103. 417 104. "kaviloka' TI. esa. elIyaTa saMpAdaka dhIru parIkha ra67 105. 146 106. 269 107. 239 108. 246 109. 250 110. 111. ra61 112. ra6ra 113. 114. 267 115. 268 116. 270 999. Encyclopaedia of Religion and Ethics - (R. 293. 1. E. Vol. 4) 254 263 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 46 2. loka sAhitya, prAcIna bhajano tathA madhyakAlIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa janma, jIvana ane mRtyu - A traNa tattva vize mAnava satata vismaya anubhavato Avyo che. A tattvone samajavA mATenI sadIo jUnI enI mathAmaNa haju Ajeya cAlu che. ne chatAM eno pAra enAthI pAmI zakAyo nathI. mAnava pote kyAMthI Avyo? e koNa che? jIvana daramyAna ene zuM karavAnuM che? jIvanane aMte ene kevo anubhava thAya che ? e pachInI sRSTi kevI che ? - AvA vicAro tathA praznono aMta nathI. ne badhA praznonA uttaro maLatA nathI. ne chatAM mAnavanI e aMgenI zodha avirata vaNathaMbhI ja rahevAnI. A badhA prazno, vicAro ane anubhavone vyakta karavA vividha kalA-sarjakoe anekavidha mathAmaNa karI haze. ne toya janma jIvanasRSTi tathA mRtyu temaja A badhAnA racayitA vize pUrNapaNe kazI pratIti koI pAmI zakyuM nahi hoya. joke e aMgenI mathAmaNa avazya stutya che. mAtra vyakti ja nahi, kyAreka samagra mAnavasamUhane paNa anekavidha saMvedano jhIlatAM, anubhavatAM A badhA praznonI chaNAvaTa karatAM ApaNe joIe chIe. samagra samUhe ene zlokabaddha ke zabdabaddha karyA che. loka-hRdayanAM UMDAM, marmALAM, nikhAlasa bhoLAM saMvedanonI abhivyakti e ja to ApaNuM lokasAhitya. jene sva. meghANIe "lokormi tathA saMghorminA sAhitya' tarIke oLakhAvyuM che. loka-sAhityane zodhI graMthastha karavAno bhagIratha prayatna gujarAtamAM ApaNAM rASTrIya zAyara sva. meghANIe karyo che. lokasAhityamAM mRtyu karuNarUpe vizeSapaNe nirUpAyuM che. to utkaTa saMvedanAmAMthI janmelA prema ane e saMgharSamAMthI nIpajelA mRtyuneya kyAreka ahIM sAMkaLavAmAM AvyAM che. gujarAtanuM lokasAhitya paNa mAtabara che. mAnavahaiyAMnI bhAvasamRddhi emAM mana mUkIne varasI che. AnaMda, ullAsa, sukha, utsava, avasara, jIvanarIti, duHkha tathA viraha ane mRtyu ema janmathI mAMDI cheka mRtyu sudhInA samayano patharATa lokasAhityanI saravANInuM nimitta banyAM che. tema chatAM koNa jANe kema paNa haMmeza mujaba lokasAhityanI bhAvasamRddhinI parAkASThA to enA karuNarasanA jharAmAMthI ja ApaNe pAmI zakIe chIe. ahIM mRtyusaMdarbhe vyakta thayelI bhAvAnubhUti ja prastuta hovAthI eno ja ullekha karIzuM. A lokagIto gavAyAM che moTe bhAge gUrjara nArIne kaMThe. sva. meghANIe kahyuM che, emAMya vhAlAMonA vijoga ane avasAna gAIne to strIoe hAtha dhoI nAkhyA che."1 sva. meghANI kahe che "je karuNAmaya che te ja Akhare sAcuM hoI zake." 2 karuNAnta ghaTanAnA koyaDAnI agamyatAthI teo sau sabhAna hatA. ne koyaDAno ukela pelI rahasyamaya nigUDhatAmAM rahyo hovAnI paNa teone jANa hatI ja. samagra mAnavajAta AdikALathI ema mAnatI AvI che ke jIvanano sAco artha ja mRtyu dvArA pamAya che." P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 47 lokasAhitya ane mRtyu karuNarUpe bArabAra varase ghera AvanAro rajapUta gharamAM potAnI paraNetara na jenAM "pAtaLI paramAra'ne zodhavA nadIe, ane nahere, ghaMTIe ane rathaDe, pAraNIe khAraNIe karI vaLe che. paNa kyAMya - no dIThI pAtaLI paramAra jADejI mA molamAM dIvo zaga baLe re 3 ne Akhare pApaNI mAtAe enI hatyA karI ne laTakAvelI lohIbhInI cUMdaDI najare paDatAM, "korI TIlaDI'ne 'korI oDhaNI maLe che. Avo ja hRdayasparzI karuNasaMdarbha "vahue vagovyAM moTAM khoraDAM lokagItamAM vaNAyo che. mA ane bahenanAM, potAnI patnI paratvenAM maheNAM ToNAMthI ne kalezathI hArI cUkelo yuvAna aphINa ghoLI, patnI vhAlI hovA chatAM ene kahe che, "pIvo gorI, nIkara huM pI jAuM jo tyAre pati para premanItaratI lAgaNI dharAvatI patnI koI ja zabda uccAryA vinA ghaTaka daIne gorA-de pI gayAM re lola "sonalA sarakhI vahunI ce' ne rUpalAMsarakhI vahunI rAkhano nikaTano dA ane sRSTA jIvaDo, pati, bALIgaLIne ghera Ave che. vahu jatAM mAnA gharamAMthI mAnI dRSTie to kAza jAya che. mokaLAza vyApe che. paNa pati to sadA mATe bhavano oziyALo banI rahe che. nagarasAsare mAM sAta zodhe ApelI cUMdaDI jhera bheLavAyelI hovAthI, kALI cIsa pADI UThatI strInI vedanAne aMte mRtyu, lokakavi A rIte varNave che - sonalavaraNI bAnI ceha baLe che ne rUpalAvaraNI bAnI rAkha UDe che. lokasAhityamAM lokagItonI jema lokavArtAo paNa ardhA gadya, adha padya ke kyAreka saLaMga padyarUpe ApaNane maLe che. sAmAjika lokagAthAmAM hRdayane hacamacAvI nAkhe evI kathA "sonabAInI cuMdaDI' nI che. jemAM gharamAM khaTakatI naNaMdInuM kAsaLa kADhavA icchatI strIno pati bahenane mArI nAkhe che. ne bhAbhInI cUMdaDI lohIthI raMgAya che. jyAM bahenanI komaLa kAyA dATI che, tyAMthI vIra pasAra thAya che, tyAre, bhUtakALanAM gItasmaraNa bhaNakArA rUpe hRdayane kaMpAvI de che. "koNa halAve lImaDI nA zabda raNakAra hRdayane vIMdhI nAkhe che. to kyAMka sAsariye sAsunAM maheNAMne lIdhe jIvanane homI dIdhuM che, evI bahenanA vahAlasoyA bhAInI karuNAbhInI vAtsalyavyathAoya ahIM gUMthAI che. lokakathAo karatAM lokagIto vadhu prAcIna ane purogAmI hovAno pUrNa saMbhava che. yogya vicAra to tene kavitAbaddha karIne kaMThastha rAkhato. lokagItomAM atyaMta karuNa saMdarbha maLe che. "marasiyAmAM, svajananA mRtyu nimitte nArI hRdayamAMthI ApameLe sarI paDelA lAgaNIbhInA udgAro mRtyujanya karuNAnI parAkASThA che. mRtyu ahIM kevaLa karuNa ane karUNa je rUpa dharIne Ave che. ApaNA lokasAhityamAM kuMvArI kanyAonI dedo phUTavAnI ramatano saMdarbha maLe che. A ramatanA mULamAM lAThInA cokamAM bAdazAhanI kedamAM P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 48 badadAne koNa koNa vahAluM re dedo raNa caDe re dedAne bahena vahAlI hoya dedo raNa caDe re 4 to sUrajanA ajavALe ratha joDIne jatA prANane uddezIne paNa hRdayaMgama marasiyAM lakhAyAM che. maraghAnuM pratIka yojIne lakhAyelA rAjiyAmAM kuTuMbanA mobhasamA purUSane maraghAnuM pratIka gaNavAmAM Avyo che. mRtyu pAmanAra yuvAna hoya to ene "rAjavI', moTI uMmarano hoya to "bApajI' ane jamAI hoya to "paroNalo' tathA navapariNIta vahu avasAna pAme to "maiyArIDhelaDI' jevAM uddabodhano marasiyAmAM hoya che. abhimanyu ane uttarAnA saMdarbhamAM paNa rAjiyA marasiyAM lakhAyA che. A rAjiyAmAM "varasAvyA vAra-kavAra', "jevA paheryA tevAM utaryA mAM naMdavAtAM saubhAgyanI vAta vedhaka rIte sUcavAI che. rANI rUve re, raMga mahelamAM - dAsI rUve re darabAra, gharamAM rUve re lIlAM jhADavAM choruM rUve re ghara AMgaNe paNa ahIM abhimanyunA vIra mRtyunI tathA uttarAnA kamanasIbanI vAta gUMthAI che. to bIje eka sthaLe paNa maranArane "maraghA' rUpe varNavI Ajano upaDI gayelo dIkaro have nahi maLe. cha eka mAse, bhAdaravAnA pAchalA pakhavADiye maLaze, ema kahI, zrAddhavidhi vakhate jIvaMta thatI sadUgata svajananI smRtino nirdeza karAyo che. abhimanyu ane uttarAnI jema rAma ane sItAnA rAjiyA paNa lokajIbhe kaMDArAyA che. "zrI rAmarAma re, rAMdhI rasoIo ima rahI re . . DhALelA poDhiyA ima rahyA re. zrI rAmarAma re, kAcA te kaMpano ghaDuliyo re naMdAtA na lAge re vAra....prANIyA" 6 A uparAMta tithi ane mAsanA saMdarbhavALA rAjiyA paNa racAyA che. paDave te gAma jaIe paDave besatuM varSa jo, ghaDI re rAkho ne benI pAlakhI" mRtyunA arthamAM gAma "gAmatare javuM' zabdano prayoga karAyo che. keTalIka lokavArtAo "prema mRtyunI bhAvanAne sparze che. je aMte to karuNamAM ja pariNamatI jovA maLe che. saLaMga padyarUpe racAyelI lokavArtAmAM veLu ane bhojAnI vArtA prema tathA mRtyune sAMkaLatI eka karuNakathA che. baMne vacce prIta baMdhAtAM vRkSavelInA maMDapa vacce lagna thAya che. paNa jAheramAM to aMte veLune rANA sAthe paraNavuM paDe che. karuNanI hada e ke jAheralagnamAM pAcho Dhola vagADanAra to bhojo che. dArUnA nazAmAMya e veLune oLakhI kADhe che. bhojAnI vATa jotI UbhelI veLu ekavAra rAtA zIgaDe raMgAyelI gAya pAsethI javAba mAge che tyAre bhojAe tANelI aMtima soDanI gAya vAta kare che. ne e P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. . Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 49 samAcAra sAMbhaLI zokagrasta veLu vagaDA tarapha cAlI nIkaLe che. bhojAnA mRta zarIrane khoLAmAM laI bhaDabhaDa baLatI citAmAM beThelI veLu kahe che. harakhe paiNyA'tAM bhojA vagaDe vaLI harakhe baLIzuM Aja" ahIM premanI utkaTatA, mRtyuneya vahAluM gaNI sAmethI mRtyuno svIkAra kare che. premI vinAnuM jIvana akAruM lAgatAM karAyelo motano svIkAra, mRtyu paranA premano vijaya-mahimA gAya AvI ja karuNa loka gAthAomAM "sadevaMta sAvagiMgA' "nAgavALo nAgamatI' DholAmArU" "zeNI vijANaMda' tathA 'vIra mAMgaDAvALo' no samAveza thaI zake. gItakathAomAM "zeNI vijANaMda' no prasaMga mukhya che. vijANaMdane zodhavA, himAlayamAM hemALo gALavA nIkaLI paDelI zeNI aMte vijANaMdane chellI vAranuM aMtara bajAvavA kahe che je sAMbhaLI zAtA pAmI e aMte mRtyu pAme che. ahIM karuNa aMta hovA chatAM priya milanane aMte mRtyu zAMtasvarUpamAM pariName che. ahIM prema aMte zAMtithI mRtyune vare che. - e ja rIte rUDhinA sagapaNane dAve rANakanuM kAMDuM mAgavA AvanAro gUjaro nAtha hAtha masaLato rahe che, ne rANaka premalagnanA prItamanI ceha para aMte caDe che. A paNa mRtyu para premanA vijayanI ja vAta. halAmaNa ane sonalanI premakathA paNa atyaMta karuNa ane hRdayadrAvaka che. vaDIlo dvArA dezavaTe nIkaLelAne sonala zodhavA nIkaLI paDe che. jyAM hAbA DuMgara pAse akhAtrIjane meLe hIMcakA khAtAM Abha phaMgoLAtAM paTakAIne halAmaNa mRtyu pAme che. tyAre chello meLApa na thatAM sonala hRdayabhedaka kalpAMta kare che. pahADaputrI UjaLI ane rAjavaMzI mehanI kathA evI ja romAMcaka ne hRdayasparzI che. meghalI varSArAtrie bhIMjAIne ThIkaruM thaI gayelA rAjapUtane dehano garamAvo ApI jIvatadAna denAra UjaLI ane meha vacce prIta baMdhAtAM kadAca baMne gAMdharva vivAhathI paraNI cUkyAM haze. vidhisaranAM lagnanuM veNa ApI rAjapUta meha to vaDIlonI dhAkadhamakIne vaza thaI pharI bese che. tyAre A kALajhALa yuvatI enuM satyanAza javAno abhizApa Ape che ne meha kharekhara pachI bhUMDe mote marI jAya che. paNa mehane sAcI prIta karanAra UjaLI mehanI sAthe ja jIvatI saLagI jAya che evI kathA che. (jo ke A chellI vAtane koI lekhita samarthana nathI.). bharajobane vairAgya pALatI ne jAtrAe jatI khaMbhAtaputrI loDaNa rastAmAM eka kizora sAthe prIta bAMdhI bese che. jAtrA patAvI jaldI e priyatamane maLavA jAya che. tyAre priyatama to jhUrI jhUrI marI cUkyo che. loDaNa priyatama khemarAnI khAMbhI mAthe lohI caDAve che. prema paNa mukta, mRtyuya mukta. prema aMte ahIM balidAna Ape che jIvananuM. lokasAhitya ane yuddhajanya mRtyu soraThI prajA pAse jIvananI jema mRtyunI philasUphI paNa potAnI AgavI hatI. soraThI vIronAM mRtyumAM zAMta mRtyunI nirALI bhAta paDelI che. macchu nadIne kinAre talavAra kADhIne Ubhelo vRddha phakIro karapaDo sAme kAMThe UbhelA zatruonI sanasanatI goLI vaDe vIMdhAIne potAnA bAla rAjAne khAtara mRtyu pAme che, tyAre chellI ghaDI sudhI potAnI pacheDInI phAMTamAM dhULa bhegI kare che. jIvatAMya jamInanI rakSA ne, mRtyu pAmavAmAMya vatananI - dhULanI e rakSA kare che. jyAre duhAbaddha gItakathAomAM jIvananI vedanAmaya bAju vadhAre P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 50 vyakta thaI che. A kathAgItonI nimitta rUpa jiMdagI rudhirabhInI ane astavyasta hatI. yuganA jIvanatatvane upAsatAM emAM zoka, saMtApa vacce vIMTaLAyela zaurya, dilAvarI, ne saccAIno raNakAra tathA dhabakAra dhabakatA anubhavAyA. ne AkharI pratIti hatI mRtyunA sthAnanI, enA kAruNyanI. bahAravaTiyAnAM kAvyomAM lokakavioe bahAravaTiyAonI dilAvarI, saccAI, hiMmata tathA emanAM jAjaramAna mRtyune biradAvyAM che. mRtyu ahIM vIratvabharI maradAnagIrUpe vyakta thayuM che. mRtyune eka bAjI rUpe svIkAranArAne mana hArajIta kadI mahattvanAM na hatAM. mahattvanI hatI mAtra jIvananI kheladilIbharI ramata, ne tethI to A kAvyomAM sauthI vadhu suMdara ane madhura paMktio temanAM mRtyu viSenI che. "nAriyuM natya raMDAya, nara ko'di raMDAya nahi , okho raMDANo Aja, mANeka marate mULavo gomatIe ghUMghaTa tANiyA, royA raNachoDarAya motI hatuM te roLAI gayuM, mANeka DuMgaramAMya" 8 ahIM mULu mANekanuM mRtyu "paramamRtyu' banI rahe che. sanmAnya ne vaMdanIya mRtyu. bahAravaTiyA saMskArI, ahiMsAtmaka ane sUkSma rItio jANatA na hatA. eTale tyAre zArIrika mota tathA nirAdhArI upajAvavA e ja aMtima sAdhana hatuM. potAnA hakko tathA nyAya jayAre na maLatA tyAre emanA AtmA kakaLI UThatA. rAjasattAnI kaTila dagAbAjIno bhoga banelA ne tethI bahAravaTiye nIkaLI paDatA. teo jItavA ke jIvavAnI nahIM, paNa mRtyu vaDe potAnA zoNitAkSare anyAya sAme avAja UThAvavA maraNiyA thaI macI paDatA. bIjA prakAranA bahAravaTiyAo kuTuMba kalahamAMthI, ekAda koI gunAmAMthI ke parasparanA taMtamAMthI jamyA hatA. bahAravaTuM jIvanamaraNano khela ja, aneka zArIrika kaSTo, asalAmatI, ne aMte pariNAmasvarUpa mRtyu. e sivAya bIjuM jarAya ochuM nahi, e jANe teono jIvanamaMtra hato. Ama lokasAhityamAM mRtyuno saMdarbha mahaaMze karuNasvarUpe, premasvarUpe tathA nyochAvarIsvarUpe vaNAyo che. prAcIna bhajanomAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa che prAcIna bhajanomAM mRtyuno bhaya batAvI Atmakhoja bhaNI lokone vALavAno prayAsa bhaktakavioe karyo che. bhaktajanone potAne to kadI mRtyuno bhaya na hoya. tethI A bhajanomAM mRtyu karuNarUpe kyAMya AvatuM nathI. paraMtu jeo jIvanamAM mRtyunA astitva saMdarbhe cetatA nathI, evA lokone teoe mRtyubhayanI cetavaNI jarUra ApI che. A bhajanomAM mRtyu eka vAstavika ghaTanA ke sthitirUpe vyakta thayuM che. jene teoe haMmezAM maMgala madhura rUpe ja pramAyuM che. loko satkArya karavA prerAya e mATe kyAreka mRtyuno bhaya tathA mRtyunI anivAryatA sUcavAyA che. jo "bhajanasAgara' bhAga-1 tathA bhAga-ramAM ekasoLyAzI bhaktonAM bAraso toMtera bhajano graMthastha thayAM che. jemAM bhakta kavioe jIvana ane jagatanI temaja zarIranI kSaNabhaMguratA tathA mRtyunI nizcitatAno ullekha hRdayasoMsaravI, taLapadI ane sAcukalI vANImAM karyo che. akho bhagata kahe che, "eka dina evo Avaze") vyaktinA mRtyu pachI jANe jIva jabhyo ja na hoya, ema ene bahAra kADhavAnI sau utAvaLa karatAM hoya che. ahIM P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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13 83 arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 51 jagatanA vyavahAro pratye kavi ApaNuM dhyAna dore che. jANe ke mRtyu bAda maranAra sAthenA badhAja saMbaMdho naSTa na thaI jatA hoya? koI koInuM na hovAnuM kahetA A kavi, aMtakALe ekalA javAnI kaTu vAstaviktAne ApaNI samakSa mArmika rIte mUkI Ape che. mRtyu pachI jIve tarApo ke tuMbaDA vinA yAtrA karavAnI hoya che. saMta AzArAma maratI vakhate thatI jIvanI dazAnuM varNana kare che. ("maravA TANe') mRtyunA Akasmika AgamananI sAme koInI kazI hoMziyArI na cAlatI hovAnI vAstaviktA pratye teo ApaNuM dhyAna dore che. kavi kezava deharUpI pijaMra para mAnavano adhikAra na hovAnI vAta bhArapUrvaka kahe che. ahIM mRtyunI yAda svaoLakha mATe apAI che. (pR. 60) gaNapatarAmanAM padomAM (pAnuM 71) "maraNa bhame che mAthe ke (pR. 77) "tAre mAthe nagArA vAge motanA jo' kahI baLiyAo paNa motanA paMjAmAMthI chaTakI zakyA na hovAnA satyane pragaTa kare che. sadhaLo sAMsArika vaibhava mRtyu pAse tuccha hovAnI vAta A kavi rAvaNanA dRSTAMta dvArA spaSTa karI Ape che. rAjA rAvaNe alakhata IndranI ANI paNa pIvA nava rahyo pANI re 9 eka jagyAe mAchaluM pakaDavA beThelA bagalA sAthe motane sarakhAvyuM che. siMhaNanI AgaLa haraNInA ugaravAnA phAMphAnI jema motanA paMjAmAMthI ugaravAnA phAMphA vyartha che. gopIcaMda eka padamAM jamaDAnA mArane bUro" kahI mRtyu "kharAba' hovAnuM kahe che. "kUlyA so karamAya jevI ardha paMktimAM koIka paramasatyanI uccatA pragaTa thaI che. goviMdarAma kahe che mRtyu AvatAM "baLa karI bolAze nahi, jayAM beThuM jamanuM thANuM" ja jIvanI pAchaLa jama paDelo ja hovAthI kavi gaurIzaMkara abhAgI jIvane ALasa tajavA kahe che. kavi gaMgadAsa paNa jamanA mArano bhaya darzAvI TUMkA AyuSyano nirdeza kare che. teo kahe che, "mIThI nIMdameM pAMva pasArA, ciDiyA cuga gAI kheta tumhArA" | toralade jesalane saMsAranI svapnavatatA samajAvatAM mAthe jama kero bhAra hovAnI cetavaNI Ape che. tribhuvana kavi paNa ekalA javAnI temaja jamanA mAranI vAta kare che. dhIro bhagata TUMkA AyuSyanI vAta karatAM kahe che - "jhAkaLajaLa paLamAM vahI jAze, jema kAgaLa ne pANI kAyAvADI tArI ema karamAze, thaI jANe dhULadhANI jIvanakAyAne sagAI keTalI, mUkI cAle vana mojhAra" " maraNanA mArathI koI ugarI zake tema nathI, e vAta dhIro A rIte uccAre che "maranArAne tame zuM ravo nathI ronArA rahenAra" rahI kavi nathurAma paNa aMtakALe "hAthI ghoDAnA caDanArA javAnA' kahI darekane mATe mRtyu nizcita hovAnA vAstavane rajU kare che. kavi narabherAma rAjiyA marasiyAM jevuM mRtyukAvya Ape che. jIva gaye thayuM zUnya sau ja kAyA nagara sUnakAra P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * para daze daravAjA baMdha che, tUTyA zvAsa taNA tAra re" 13 kavi pITho bALapaNanA sAthI jIva haMsalAne uddezI kahe che - kyAM jaI re ' zo rAta AtamajIvaDA, gADuM bharyuM caMdana lAkaDA caDavAne ghoDI kATa * cAra jaNA tuM ne upADI cAlyA khokharI hAMDImAM lIdhI Aga 4 bulAkhIrAme "sAvitrIyamasaMvAdamAM sAvitrI ane yamanA saMvAdanI kathA AlekhI che. jemAM yamarAjAnuM paraMparAnusArI bhayajanaka varNana karyuM che. paNa chevaTe yamarAjAneya bAMdhI letI sAvitrIno premavijaya darzAvAyo che. (pR. 503). kavi bhANa lokonA svArthI vyavahArano ullekha karatAM "kaMkuvaraNI kAyA kAma na lAge ke "mUA pachI saLagAvI deze jevI paMktio Ape che. jyAre jama Ave che lUMTavA tyAre gharamAM bhayathI nAsI jatA mAnavonI mRtyubIkano nirdeza mAMDaNa kare che. to kavi rAmadAsa jamakiMkaranA jorano ullekha kare che. kavi vIra, mRtyu nAtajAta na jotuM hovAnI ne koI amarapaTo nahi lakhAvI lAvyAnI vAta kare che. paNa kavi anaMta, prabhuzraddhAnI vAta karI mRtyune svasthapaNe svIkAravAnI vAta kare che. jyAre badhI nADI tUTaze ne vyAkuLa jIvaDo gabharAze, tyAre e ja alabelA prabhu levA Avaze evI daDha zraddhA emanI che. prAcIna kavi bhajanikoe kALanuM svarUpa tathA mRtyunA bhayane ekasAthe ullekhyA che. janmyo tyAMthI kALe jhAliyo re' kahetA kavi saMsArI sukhane vIjaLInA jhabakArA sAthe sarakhAve che. mRtyunA AgamananI vAstaviktAnuM bhAna satata kavi karAvatA rahe che. sApa jema uMdarane pakaDe tema kALa jIvane pakaDe che. mAthA para pharI rahelo kALa kyAre jIvane pakaDe e kahI zakAtuM nathI. A vAta samajAvatAM kavi rAmadAsa kAyAne DhAMbaDuM kahe che. phUTaze phUTaze phUTaze re - tAruM kAyArUpI ThAMbaDuM phUTaze re" 15 to kavi RSirAja kahe che, jama de nitya jhapATA re koI cetanahArA ceto eka dina karaze kALa haLAhaLa caDapa suvADe cehamAM" to mana haridAsa khumArIpUrvaka mRtyune bheTI pAchA AvyAno AhalAda vyakta karI mRtyu sAthenI parama maitrIno ullekha karI mRtyune maMgala svarUpe vyakta kare che. kAraNa jeNe bhavabaMdhana tyajI dIdhAM che. ene koI kazAM baMdhanamAM bAMdhI na zake. madhyakAlIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa madhyakAlIna gujarAtI bhakta-kavioe Izvaraprema ane bhakti mokaLe mane gAyA che. emAM ekarUpatA ane dvaita anubhavyAM che. tethI mRtyuno saMdarbha emanI kavitAmAM ocho P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 53 Ave che, ne Ave che tyAM paNa paratvanA anaMta svarUpane biradAvatAM jarUrI hoya eTalo ja. madhyakAlIna gujarAtamAM premalakSaNA bhakti tathA paurANika bhaktinI be dhArA samAMtara rIte vahetI hatI. paurANika bhaktinI preraNAthI ja narasiMha mahetAnA hAthe premalakSaNA bhaktinI paraMparAno navo unmeSa pragaTe che. madhyakAlIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM (141018para) saMta ke bhakta kavionA kavana-no viSaya mahadaMze bhaMkti tathA dharma ja rahyo che. jemAM khAsa karIne narasiMha, mIrAM, bhAlaNa, akho, premAnaMda ane dayArAmano samAveza thAya che. A uparAMta nirAMta, dhIro, bhojo, prItama tathA svAminArAyaNa saMpradAyanA kaviono phALo paNa stutya gaNAya. kavi zAmaLabhaTTa madhyakAlIna gujarAtI kavi hovA chatAM e emanA yuganA kaviothI judA paDe che. kavitAviSayaka dRSTikoNa paNa emano alaga paDe che. to padmanAbha jevA kavie paNa vIra-karuNa-rasasabhara prabaMdhanuM Alekhana karyuM che. je e yuganA anya kavio karatAM judA prakAranuM che. madhyakAlIna kavionI kavitAmAM AvatA mRtyasaMdarbhane tapAsavAno che. narasiMha, mIrAM tathA dayArAme premalakSaNAbhakti gAI che. A badhAe kyAreya mukti ke mokSanI vAMchanA karI nathI. kAraNa teo to sadehe ja jIvanamukta thaI gayelAM hatAM. e muktino anubhava emanI kavitAmAM jovA maLe che. mRtyune maMgala avasara gaNanArAne mRtyuno bhaya zo? vaLI A sau to bhakti karavA khAtara pharI pharI avataravA paNa icche che. teo to brahmasatyam jagat satya'nA puraskartA che. ne tethI ja teonI kavitAmAM mRtyu vizenI vAto bahu AvatI nathI. Izvara para akhUTa zraddhA rAkhanArA A kavione na to jIvanano bhaya che, ke na mRtyuno. A badhA to bhagavAnavatsala bhakto che. kavitA to teone mATe bhakti vahAvavAnuM nimitta mAtra che. madhyakAlIna sarjakoe potAnA jIvananI tavArIkhano bahu vicAra karyo nathI. IhalokanA jIvananuM mahattva emane mana kadAca bahu na hatuM. tethI sva vize teo moTebhAge mauna rahyA che. - bhagavAna zaMkarane tapa dvArA prasanna karanAra narasiMhe (1410-1480) to sadehe muktipurI joI hatI. eno AnaMda ja ene eTalo badho hato ke e sivAya kazuM gAvAnuM ene game paNa nahi. tyAM ApaNe dunyavI loko jene "mRtyu' kahIe chIe tevA mRtyunI vAta bhAgye ja Ave. ne Ave tyAre paNa karUNArUpe to nahi ja. pArvatIpatie hAtha jhAlIne batAvelI muktipurInI bhavyatA mANI hoya ene mRtyuno bhaya kyAMthI hoya ? narasiMha kahe che - maMDaLikarAya jo mujane mAraze tehamAM to tAruM pata jAze - mRtyune bhaye narasaiyo bIto nathI "bhaktavatsala" tAruM biruda jAze" narasiMhane mRtyuno bhaya nathI e sAcuM, paraMtu mRtyunI anivArya vAstavikatA tarapha ApaNuM dhyAna teo jarUra dore che. "mAmerA mAM patnI mANekabAI ane putra zAmaLanA mRtyu saMdarbhe svastha sAkSIbhAve narasiMha svajana mRtyuno svIkAra kare che. je enA jJAna ane samaja nuM pariNAma che. P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 54 "avadha jenI thaI teha jAye sahI leza nahi zoka karatuM re mana." 18 narasiMha mRtyunI sIdhI vAta uccArato na hovA chatAM bhaktibodhanAM padomAM, deha para mAnavano koI adhikAra na hovAnI vAta to kare ja che. "deha tArI nathI, jo, ne jugate karI rAkhatAM nava rahe, neTa jAye" deha taNA saMbaMdha te deha lagaNa haze putrakalatra parivAra vahAve" 19 "tAhArA mAharA nAmano nAza che, jema lUNa-nIra dRSTAMta jove" 20 zarIra rAkhavA IcchanAra paNa ene rAkhI zakavAno nathI. evo spaSTa satyadarzanasUra ahIM vyakta thayo che. jemano jIvanakALa 1498 thI 156365 no anumAnAyo che. evI mIrAMne mRtyuno Dara to kyAreya na hato. mIrAMne zrI niraMjana bhagate nibaMdha mukta mAnavahRdaya tarIke oLakhAvI che. AvA jIvanamukta hRdayane vaLI zarIranuM mRtyu zenuM satAve? akhaMDavarane je varelI hoya ene bhaya paNa na ja hoya. ne chatAM jIvananI kSaNabhaMguratA vize mIrAM sabhAna che. mIrAMne mokalAyelA viSanA pyAlAnA prasaMgamAM paNa aMte vAta to emaja siddha thAya che ke mRtyuno jene bhaya nathI ene koI kyAreya lAkha prayatneya mArI zakatuM nathI. ne kadAca mRtyu Ave toya zuM? harinI bhakti karatAM mRtyu pamAya to uttama. jIvaDo jAya to jAvA dauM, harinI bhakti na choDuM' kahetI mIrAMne ajaraamara anaMta paramezvaramAM aNanama zraddhA che. paramezvarane akhUTa prema karanArane zarIra-mRtyuno bhaya na ja hoya. mIrAMne mana to "saMsAra' eTale "mRtyu' che. saMsAra duHkhamaya, parivartanazIla, anitya hovAthI mRtyu samAna hovAnuM mIrAM kahe che. jIvananI kSaNabhaMguratAno ullekha mIrAMe vAraMvAra karyo che. kAyAne eNe dIpasarakhI kahI che. piMjara jevI paNa. piMjaramAMthI popaTa-AtmA UDI jatAM pachI piMjara-zarIra jholAM khAtuM paDI rahe che. mIrAMnI zraddhA punarjanmamAM tathA janmAntaramAM haze e emanI keTalIka paMktio parathI samajAya che. "pUrvajanmanI prIta hatI tyAre harie jhAlyA hAtha" ke "mArI prIta pUravanI re zuM karuM? pUrvajanmanI huM vrajataNI gopI cUka thAtAM ahIM AvI re" ra pUrvajanmanI vAta karatI mIrAM punarjanma icchatI nathI. mIrAMne A saMsAra ane jagatano evo to kaDavo anubhava che ke premalakSaNAbhakti gAvA chatAM e pharIpharI janama mAgatI nathI. e kahe che, "have na pAmuM garbhAdhAna" ahIM jagatanA mithyAtvano bhAva pragaTa thAya che. paramezvara pratyenA, prema ane bhaktine mIThA jaLa ane amata mAnanAra mIrAMnI kavitAmAM kyAreka ja sIdhA mRtyu ullekho Ave che. ne Ave che tyAre najAkatabharyA pratIka saMyojana rUpe. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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* arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 55 "jUnuM to thayuM re devaLa jUnuM to thayuM mAro haMsalo nAno ne devaLa jUnuM to thayuM tAre ne mAre haMsA prItuM re baMdhANI - UDI gayo haMsa piMjara paDI to rahyuM" 22 to mRtyune kAyAnA ANA tarIke oLakhAvatI mIrAM jama kadI pAchA na pharatA hovAnA vAstavane paNa rajU kare che. bhakti karatAM karatAM mIrAne anahadano jhaNakAra saMbhaLAya che. ne eno mAhyalo jhUmI UThe che, ne kahI UThe che, "bhakti AnaMdaraMganI hoLI, paNa cAra divasanI ja che.' alpAyuSI A manakhAdehano tethI to mIrAM sadupayoga karI levA cAhe che. je phAgaNa ke dina cAra, holI khelo manA re. bina karatAla bajata pakhavAja re. anahadakI jhaMkAra." 23 ApaNA saMtakavioe mRtyughaTanAnA dazya dvArA vairAgyano anubhava karyo che. I. sa. 1655 mAM janmelA soraThI kavi mULadAsa luhArI lAkaDuM saLagAvatAM marI gayelI kIDI joI . saghaLuM choDI cAlI nIkaLavAnI khumArI darzAvI gayA. A AtmajJAnI kavi uttama mRtyunI vAta karatAM kahe che "maravuM ene kaIye, maraNanA be TaLe, to "kAyA beDI kAgadajI mAMI sataguru khevaNahAra' kahenAra trikamadAsa ('bhajanamAM bhInAM') zarIrane kAgaLanI hoDI jevuM kSaNajIvI kahe che. kAyAne kadI mela caDavA na denAra ne enuM paLe paLe ghaNuM jatana karanArane aMte kAyA lAkaDAmAM homI devI paDavAnI. e vAstava dvArA dAsI jIvaNa mAnavanA mRtyubhayane supere vyakta kare che. e kahe che jamadUta jayAre pakaDavA Ave che tyAre jIva harerI jAya che. pANInA parapoTA jevI kAyAne jamarA gaTagaTa gaLI javAnA e kaDavA satyane dAsI jIvaNa rajU karyA vinA nathI rahI zakatA. mRtyunI nizcitatA darzAvavA teo rAvaNanuM daSTAMta Ape che. Dholiye jamane bAMdhavA chatAM daza mastaka ne vaza bhujALo rAvaNa paNa mRtyuthI para rahI na zakyo tethI to "teDAM AvyAM zrIrAmanAM tyAre hATaDI paDI rahI" 24 ema teo kahe che. ("hATaDiye kema re'vAze') rAmanI marajI vinA koI A zarIramAM eka kSaNa paNa vadhAre rahI zakatuM nathI. kahI dAsI jIvaNa aMtakALe lakhelA padamAM mRtyunI vAstaviktA sAthe prabhunI marajIne sAMkaLI le che. kavi akhaiyo kahe che jIva jyAre deha choDI vidAya le che tyAre zarIra jANe ke vilApa kare che. kAyama sAthe rahenArA jIva ane zarIrane aMte kAyamanuM cheTuM paDI jAya che. bhakta kavi devaLade deha ane AtmA judA paDatAM sarjAtI sthitinuM hRdayasparzI varNana kare che. "jI re haMsA rAjA, eka re vADInAM dodo jhADavAM re ane vAlIDA, tame caMpo ne ame keLa re mALI to te halyo viyo re mArA ane tArI Aja bAga paDI pasatAya re ane tArI sejalaDI sunakAra" rapa kavi kAnaparI mAnavane mAthe harapaLe bhamI rahela mRtyunA AgamananI vAta karatAM kahe che, P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa pada "tAruM paDayuM re'ze pariyANuM baLI baLIne olAI jaze jema sagaDI mAMyaluM chANuM" raja che ("ociMtAnA jama Avaze) saMtakavi mITho aMtima sapharanI paristhitinuM varNana pratIkAtmaka rIte kare che. "beDInA nAMgara tUTyA ne nADAM thiyAM nApaDAM, " bUDI giyA enA hAkaNahAra re" zarIrarUpI hoDI jarjarita thayAnI vAta mRtyunA AgamananI ahIM eMdhANI Ape che. aMta samaye zvAsa dhamaNanI jema cAle, ne nADInuM ThekANuM na rahe. palakamAM vahI janArA AyuSyanI kSaNabhaMguratAno nirdeza gaMgAsatInA ati prasiddha bhajana "dekhADuM e deza mAM thayo che. "vIjaLIne camakAre motI parovavuM pAnabAI ja nahitara acAnaka aMdhakAra thAze jotajotAmAM divasa vayA gayA pAnabAI | ekavIsa hajAra chasone kALa khAze" 24 (AvaradAnA sATha varSanA divasonI saMkhyA) gaMgAsatI mRtyunA vAstavano saMdarbha ApatAM kahe che, "jANavA yogya AtmatatvanuM jJAna pAmI levAmAM nahi Ave to jotajotAmAM mRtyu AvI pahoMcaze ne dehanI rAkha thaI jamInamAM bhaLI jaze. AkhyAnaziromaNi premAnaMda "dazamaskaMdha' mAM mRtyu koIneya na mUkta hovAnI vAta sarasa rIte kare che. parvata korI pesIe, besIe dharA aMtara jaI - lakSa rakSaka saMge, kavaca aMge, toye mRtyu mUke nahi" 27 premAnaMda AkhyAno uparAMta "svarganisaraNI" nAmanuM eka lAMbu kAvya lakhyuM che. jemAM jamapurInAM duHkhanI vAta mRtyunA bhayane vyakta kare che. jama jyAre jIvane levA Ave che tyAre jIvane kevAM duHkha paDe che enuM hRdayadrAvaka citra premAnaMde ahIM rajU karyuM che. caMbujhArI eka korANe melI | khokharI doNI ApI re lola bhUMDo re jamaDo phaTakA bahu mAre | jIva raDe koI choDAvo re" 28 kAyAnagarane kavi "kAramuM kahe che. jIvatAMnI sAthe ja saune saMbaMdha che. aMte koI koInuM nathI. jamakiMkara jyAre jIvane bAMdhe che, tyAre samagra parivAra dUra nAsI jAya che. sattaramA saikAno jJAnI kavi akho to mRtyuno ja inkAra karI, mRtyune tuccha gaNe che. jIvabhAvano tANo adazya thatAM mAyA satAvatI nathI. akhAne mana mRtyu bhayajanaka nathI. manane mArIne jIvatAM ja jIvanamukta thayelA khumArIvALA jIvane vaLI mRtyuno bhaya zo? tema chatAM mAnavane potAnA dehanI nazvaratAno tathA AtmAnI amaratAno anubhava thavo joIe ema to akho mAne ja che. e samayanI vahema ane aMdhazraddhAbharI paristhitimAM jetapura pAsenA nAnA gAma devakIgAlolamAM janmelA bhojA bhagate aMgArajharatI vANImAM saccAIbharyA hRdayasoMsarAM UtarI jAya evAM pado ApyAM che. mUrkha ajJAna lokone DhaMDhoLavA P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 57 tAtA tIra jevI vANImAM saMsAranI asAratA tathA kSaNabhaMguratAno paricaya emaNe Apyo che. mRtyu pAmyA pachI zarIranI thatI dazAnuM nirUpaNa hRdaya halabalAvI nAkhe evuM che. "ThIka karIne tene ThAThaDImAM ghAlyo' ke 'upara pharerA pharahare "ne heThe zrIphaLa cAra' no aMdarano marma satyadarzanano che. "jIvane zvAsa taNI sagAI mAM paNa mRtyu bAda thatI zarIranI dazA ane saMsAranA svArthI kSaNika saMbaMdhonI vAtamAM kaTu satya-darzana karAvatA kavi acakAtA nathI. kavi prItama manuSyadehanI nazvaratA A rIte nirUpe che. deha taNo vizvAsa na karazo vAye olAya jema dIvo re AyuSya tAruM nIra aMjalI ghaDIghaDI ghaTI jAya" " nA maraNanI AkasmiktA mATe kavi prItama kahe che - janma maraNanI ApadA, nathI kaMI saMkaTa sahela dhaMdho karatAM DhaLI paDyo, jema kAMI ghANIno bela" 30 to "mahinA' prakAranA kAvyamAM kAratake nahi cetanArane mAgazare maraNanuM moTuM sAla jhaLuMbaze, kahI prItama jIvane cetave che. svAminArAyaNa saMpradAyanA saMta kavioe jIvanane satyarUpe svIkAryuM che. emanI daSTie jIvana svapna nahi, paNa narI vAstaviktA che. zarIra nakAmuM nathI. chatAM jaDa ane mUrakha lokone jAgRta karavA mRtyuno bhaya batAvAyo che. bhakti na karanAra jIvane uddezIne cetavaNI ApatAM devAnaMda kahe che. tAre mAthe nagArAM motanAM re jIbha TUMkI paDe ne tuTI nADIo re thayuM deha tajayAnuM tatkALa" " mRtyunA vAgatA satata nagArA, tathA mRtyu samaye thatI dehanI sthitinuM varNana karAyuM che. zarIranA mRtyune pAchuM vALI zakAtuM nathI. "mUrakha nara kare koTI upAya, mRtyu pAchuM nahi vaLe" 32 "devAnaMdanA "tAre mAthe nagArAM motanAM re' ne DaoN. ramaNalAla jozI amRta tattvanI abhIpsAnA "gAna' tarIke oLakhAve che. aMtakALe yamanA AgamananuM citra ane mRtyunI bhayAnaktAnuM varNana vedhaka che. "roma koTi vIMchI taNI vedanA re padamAM mRtyunI abhijJatA, mRtyuno pariveza, yamanuM Agamana, mRtyunI vedanA, dehatyAganI avasthA, ne aMte amRta tattvanI abhimukhatA, ema AkhI jIvanayAtrAnuM kavi varNana kare che. AvA virodhI varNana dvArA ja aMte amRta tattva rUpa paramAtmAnI ja pradhAnatA sUcavAI che." 33 nAraNadAsa svAmIe paNa A dehanI maryatAne potAnAM padomAM vaNI letAM kahyuM che. janmyA tyAMthI jarUra jANo maravAnuM che mAthe jI" 34 saMtakavi brahmAnaMda zarIranA raMgane pataMgiyA jevo kahe che. phUlaphaTAka thaI pharatA ne abhimAnamAM rAcatA jIvanI jhATakaNI kADhatAM teo kahe che. 33 P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 58 bahAre tAkI rahI bilADI letAM vAra na lAge che AjakAlamAM huM tuM karatAM jamaDA pakaDI jAze jI" 35 mAnavane kharAba kAma karato aTakAvavA A saMpradAye jamanA mAranI vAta avAranavAra karI che. niSkuLAnaMda svAmIe to "yamadaMDa' nAmanuM AkhuM lAMbuM kAvya ja mRtyu vize lakhyuM che. jemAM mAtra "maraNa" ja nahi, janmasamayasanI yAtanAnuM paNa varNana karavAmAM AvyuM che. jamnA duHkhane paNa ahIM ghaNuM vikaTa gaNavAmAM AvyuM che. jarjita kAyAnA mRtyu-prayANanI ghaDInuM varNana hRdayasparzI che. yama eTale mahAkAya vikarALa rAkSasa. yamane kavie ahIM rudhirathI lathabatha, bahAra nIkaLelA rAtA dAMtavALo varNavyo che. lAMbA jhoravALI vajathI paNa kaThora AMgaLI yamanI hovAnuM kavi kahe che. kavi niSkuLAnaMda kahe che, jamadUta jorathI jIvane pakaDI enA kaMThamAM kALapAza nAkhe che. jama roja jIvane baso suDatAlIsa jojana calAve che. jama ja jIvane samajAve che ke "ahIM koI koInuM nathI' ne jamapuramAM to vaLI koI sagAvahAlAM nahi hoya. jamadUtanuM varNana ahIM niSadhAtmaka ane bhayarUpe karAyuM che. narakanA ekavIsa nAmanI ne jIvane pIDA ApavAnA aThAvIsa kuMDanI vAta kavi kare che. kavi niSkuLAnaMda paNa devAnaMdanI jemaja jIvane mAthe vAgatA motanAM nagArAMnI vAta dvArA mAnavane cetave che. dayArAma pote to tattvajJa ne bhakta kavi, paNa svArthI ane mAyAlubdha mAnavone mRtyunA vAstavanuM darzana karAvI cetave che. "mAruM tAruM me'lo me'lo mUrkha, jamaDA jhADe bAMdhe dhagadhagatI aMgIThI mAMhe, sAMdhe sAMdho sAMdhe" ne AvA saMsAra bhUkhyA lokonI vyathAne vAcA ApatAM kavi dayArAma kahe che. "maraNAM TANe re meM thI kema karAze ? ke janmakiMkaranA mudugara moTAI kema jovAze" 30 prabhubhajananI agatya samajAvatAM mRtyunA satya pratye AMgaLI cIMdhI kavi cetavaNI Ape che. jagyuM tene maraNa to - jyAre tyAre thAya paNa tene dhanya jeno haribhajatA dina jAya" 38 TUMkA jIvananI ekaeka kSaNa kiMmatI hovAnI vAta dayArAma kare che tyAre jIvananI kSaNabhaMguratA pratye ApaNuM dhyAna dore che. mUrakha tuM samaje nahIM AyuSya ochuM thAya" jayama sarovaranI mAchalI samaje nahi salila sukAya re 39 ajJAnane lIdhe dhIre dhIre ochA thatA AyuSyanA vAstavane mAnava samajI ke svIkArI zakato nathI. P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 59 madhyakAlIna kavitAmAM "mRtyu" tattvaciMtana rUpe narasiMha saguNa ane nirguNanA astitvane eka sAthe pramANe che. mAnavane potAnA mULane vicArI jovA cetavato narasiMha kahe che, "mAyA dekhADIne mRtyu vahAve.' harinuM dhyAna dharavA sivAyanI jIvAtmAnI anya pravRtti narasiMhane mana mithyA che. mAyAmAM DubADI mRtyu lAvanArI che. narasiMhane mana to kRSNabhakti eTale jIvana, anyathA saghaLuM mRtyu. "deha tArI nathI, jone jugate karI rAkhatAM nava rahe neTa jAye dehataNA saMbaMdha te dehalagaNa haze, putrakalatra parivAra vahAve" ~ mUDha jo mULamAM bhIMta kAcI' mAM paNa dehanI kSaNabhaMguratAno ja nirdeza che ne? kyAMka mRtyu pachInI sthitinI ciMtA paNa narasiMha kare che. to kyAMka mAnavanA ajJAna pratye paNa AMgaLI cIMdhe che. "koNa chuM ? kyAM thakI Aviyo jaga vize jaIza kyAM chUTaze deha tyAre ?" 41 bhakti mATe ja sadA janama dharavAnuM vAMchatA A kavi kahe che. harinA jana to mukti na jAye jAe janamojanama avatAra re 42 deha tathA karamane jUThAM gaNAvatA narasiMhane to harilIlArasa gAvA mATe vAraMvAra janama dharyAnA oratA che. - jayAre mIrAM to pote ja sthaLa ane kALanI sImAomAM na baMdhAI zake evo anAdi anaMta AtmA hovAnuM zrI niraMjana bhagata kahe che. Izvara sAthenI ekarUpatAne mIrAM amaratA gaNatI ne enI sAthenA viyogane "mRtyu. jo ke premanI parisImA evI che ke bhaktahRdaya "viyoga" ane "mRtyu' baMnene jIravI jAya che ne saMsArano vara nazvara hovAthI e paramezvara sAthe paraNe che. mIrAM mAne che ke A nAzavaMta dehapiMjaranI mAyA ke prIta zuM kAmanA ? enI mAyA, mamatA ne Asakti vyartha che. 1655mAM janmelA soraThI kavi mULadAsa luhArI AtmajJAnI kavi hatA. uttama mRtyunI vAta karatAM kahe che. "maravuM ene kaIye, maraNanA be TaLe, ne "bALavuM ene kaIe pharIne Uge nahi, teo karma ane eSaNAnA nAzano ullekha karI mukti saMdarbha racI Ape che. kavi akhaiyo jIvatAM jIvata maravAnI vAta kare che. arthAta jIvana-muktinI. dehabhAvane ogALavAno che, jIvanamukta mAnavane zarIranA mRtyuno bhaya hoto nathI. AvI anAsakta vyakti jamane pAchA vALI mRtyune jItI zake. jiMdagIno tRSNAsava pItAM pItAM hAthamAM TADhIhIma khoparI rahI jAya che ne dayanIya pazunI jema mANasane prANa choDavA paDe che. paNa Aja sthaLe saMto medAna raheto, emanI pAse mRtyu parAjaya pAme che. gaMgAsatI "hari sAthe eka tAra' mAM potAnA AtmakalyANanI vAta karatAM, zarIra mRtyu pAmatAM potAno jIva zivamAM bhaLyAnI jANe agAuthI eMdhANI Ape che. AtmajJAnI ja khumArIthI kahI zake. P.P.AC. Gunratnasun V.S. Jun Gun Aaradnak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 60 "bhAI re nAma ne rUpanI maTI gaI upAdhi ne varatI lAgI iMDanI pAra re * gaMgAsatInuM zarIra paDI gayuM ne ! maLI gayo harimAM tAra re 43 (pR. 78) jagatamAM nAmarUpI vRtti TaLI javAthI vRttio nADItaMtranI pele pAra sthira thaI ane kevaLa paramAtmAmAM ja citta samAI gayu. (zarIra mRtyu pAmatAM jIva zivamAM bhaLI gayo) premAnaMdanA "raNayajJa mAM rAmane hAthe mRtyu pAmavAnI rAvaNanI icchA mukti mATeno talasATa sUcave che. raghunAthane hAthe marNa pAmavA mATe ja karAyeluM sItAharaNa rAvaNane udAtta puruSa tarIke sthApe che. bhAgavatamAMthI kathAvastu laI racelA "dazamaskaMdha' mAM rAkSasasaMhAranuM varNana karatAM premAnaMda sIdhuM ja mRtyu ciMtana rajU kare che. janma mRtyu jIvanA hAthamAM nahIM paNa IzvarAdhIna hovAnuM teo kahe che. "huM haNuM chuM, mune haNaze koNa? - e saMkalpa vikalpa prANInA te vRthA akSara kema haze ? je lakhyA purUSa purANInA" ja 49 mA kaDavAmAM premAnaMda janmamaraNanA cakarAvAnI tathA Izvarabhajana karanArane jamadarzana hotAM nathI evI paraMparAgata mAnyatAne rajU kare che. sattaramA saikAnA noMdhapAtra kavi akhAe emanI kavitAmAM vedone eka darzanazAstra ja nahi, anubhavazAstra tarIke sthApita karI ApyA che. akhAnI daSTie mAnava poteja AtmasvarUpa hovAthI eNe kazuM pAmavA ke gumAvavAnI icchA karavAnI ke mRtyu ke anya janmanI vAMchanA rAkhavAnI jarUra nathI. akhAne mana to muktinI icchA ja "baMdhana' samAna che. kAraNa sAco AtmajJAnI sadAya mukta che. jIvanamukta thavA saMdeza Apato akho ahaMkArane ogALavAnI jarUrata para bhAra mUke che. kAraNa zarIrano nAza to thavAno ja che. ene koI TALI zakavAnuM nathI. mana vaDe maravAnI vAta karIne mRtyunA bhayane khaMkherI nAkhavAno akho Adeza Ape che. zarIranuM mRtyu thAya, tyAre to sau koI mare che. paNa e pahelAM dehabhAvathI je marI cUkyo che e ja sAcuM maryo gaNAya. "akho ajAtivAda (gauDapAdAcArya pramANe na kazcid vastu jAyate" gauDapAdakArikA, 4-22) "kazuM janmatuM nathI' e sUtranuM pratipAdana kare che. ne kazuM janmatuM na hoya to pachI kazuM mare paNa zenuM? tethI akhAne mana to mRtyunuM astitva ja nathI.45 * sApa kAMcaLI utAre ema jIvabhAvane, dehAdhyAsane khaMkherI nAkhanAra "chate aNachatA jevo banI rahenArane mRtyu kadI satAve nahi, sthULa mRtyunI e paravA paNa na kare. tethI to akho paMcamahAbhUtomAM bhaLI jatAM pahelAM (A zarIra mRtyu pAme e pahelAM) marI javAnI vAta kare che. "maratAM pahelAM jAne marI (jyama) aNahAlyuM jaLa nItare 4 P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 61 aNahAlyA jaLanI jema saMsAramAM je jalakamalavata rahe che ene mukti zodhavA javI paDatI nathI. jIvatAM ja ene mukti maLI jAya che. dunyavI mRtyunI tucchatAne akho pichAne che. mRtyu nAmano parapoTo paNa jayAM nAza pAme tyAM kevaLa caitanyavilAsanA anubhavanI AnaMda-choLa ja chalakatI rahe che. je mRtyu nahi paNa amRtanA saMdezane vAcA Ape che. bhUtabhUta pratye vicare 1 . ane mRtyu nAma parapoTo mare" 40 mAM mRtyunI kSullaktAnI kavi vAta kare che. to kSaNe kSaNe janma TaLe, evuM maravuM ema kaheto akho maMtradRSTAnI peThe potAnI brahmAnubhUtino AnaMda kavitAmAM vyakta kare che. mRtyu pAchaLa zoka karanArane akho ghelA gaNe che. kAraNa akhAnI dRSTie to koI janmatuM nathI, koI maratuM nathI. "akhA samaje jo samajI jue bApanA bApane ghelA rUe 48 samaja ane jJAna dharAvanArane jIvana, mRtyuno bheda hoto nathI. "akhe jagatathI avaLuM karyuM jIvata mUkI mRtaka AdaryuM mRtaka samuM mIThuM kAMI nathI sAramAMthI sAra kAryuM kathI 49 akhAne mana A jIvana bALakanI ramata jevuM che. bALaka ramatane pachI nakAmI gaNe che. jayAre gharaDo mANasa A ramatane ja (dehane, jIvanane) satya mAne che. paNa Avo jIva kSaNekSaNe kALa vaDe lUMTAya che. enA tana, mana, dhanane kALa harI le che. nirAMta ane dhIrAne gurupade sthApanAra kavi bApusAheba gAyakavADa (I. sa. 1777/ 1843) kAyAne "AkaDAnA nUra' tarIke oLakhAve che. ne AtmAnI akhaMDitatAno mahimA gAya che. "phUla khIlIne kharI paDe, evuM kAyAnuM che kAma re" kavi bhojo paNa mRtyumAMthI amRta tarapha javAnI vAta emanI kavitAmAM kare che. "prathama kaTAriyuM paherIne nIsaryA, marI maTyA tehane koNa mAre ?" janmyA tyArathIja jeo khAMpaNa khabhe nAkhIne cAle che ene vaLI koNa mArI zakavAnuM? AvA paramayogIne potAnA dehAvasAnano pahelethI khyAla paNa AvI jato. tethI ziSya jalArAmane ApeluM vacana pALavA aMtima divasomAM teo vIrapura pahoMcI jAya che. kavi bhojo kahe che "jyAM sudhI vyaktino zvAsa cAle che, tyAM sudhI gharamAM rahevAno adhikAra ene maLe, zvAsa baMdha thatAM ene kADhavAnI sau utAvaLa kare che. chelle AMgaNuM lIMpIgUMpI pachI samaya thatAM sau ene laI javA talapApaDa thAya che. eka vakhatanA nikaTanA svajanane, prANapyArAne sparzatAM pachI AbhaDacheTa lAge che. anAsakti bhAvane jeNe jIvI jANyo che, rAgadveSathI je para banI cUkyA che ene harakhazoka sukhaduHkha badhuM ekasamAna che. ne tethIja "mRtyu' tattvane to bhojo vicAravA jeTaluM * paNa mahattva Apato nathI. kavi prItama paNa jIvanamukta jogI hatA. teo kahe che "jIva jyAre A zarIra choDIne jAya tyAre gaganano gaganane, pavanano pavanane, tejano tejamAM, jaLano jaLamAM P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 62 ne pRthvIno pRthvImAM bhAga maLI jAya - e satya kahetAM acakAtA nathI. to svajananA mRtyusaMdarbhe lakhAtA rAjiyA paNa prItama lakhyA che. jo ne vicArI jIvaDA re mAthe marNano che. bhAra" pa0 eka padamAM kavi kAyAne jhAkaLanAM nIra sAthe tathA kAramA kusuma (kusuma kAramuM?) sAthe sarakhAve che. jene vaNasatAM vAra lAgatI nathI. kAyAne kAcA kuMbha sAthe tathA jaLanA parapoTA sAthe sarakhAvI, tenI nazvaratAno nirdeza prItama kare che. jIvananI nazvaratA viSe vAraMvAra Takora karanAra A kavie prema ane AnaMdano kadI niSedha karyo nathI. premabhAva vinAnA mAnavane kavi "hAlatAcAlatA masANa' tarIke oLakhAve che. prItama pULa, sUkSma ane kAraNa zarIrone svIkAre che. paNa "nAma teno nAza' e nyAye dehanA nAzanI vAta paNa kare ja che. pAMca ja pAnAmAM "jJAnagItA' lakhanAra prItama jIvapaNAne "jokhama' kahe che. "jIvapaNAnuM jokhama moTuM maravuM ne avataravuM" | zarIra dhAraNa karanArane satata janmamaraNanA cakranuM jokhama raheluM che. tanamananI zuddhinA AgrahI kavi prItamano dRSTikoNa vaijJAnika che. emane to jIvana ane mRtyu banne svAbhAvika lAge che. tethI to mAnavapiMDamAM rahelAM tattvonuM teo vizleSaNa karI zake che. A tattvonI sapramANatA ghaTatAM bImArI Ave, je aMte mRtyumAM pariName che. satkAryo karatAM mRtyu pAmanAra mATe e maMgala avasara banI jAya che. paNa pAmarane to prItama tIkhI vANImAM cetavaNI Ape che. "eka ghaDI gharamAM nahi rAkhe kADho kADho kaheze re dina daza AThanI bAjI kAyA che kALanI bhAjI" para a. prItame mAnavanA cittamAM sAcA vairAgyanI bhAvanA jagADe evA rAjiyA paNa lakhyA che. prItama jevA jIvanamukta kavie zarIranA mRtyune kyAreya pUrNavirAma gaNyuM na hatuM. mRtyune teo maryAdita mAnavajIva-tathA sarvavyApI anaMtajIvanane joDatI kaDIrUpe ja jue che. teo mAne che ke - zarIra janmathI kAMI pAmavAnuM nathI mRtyuthI kAMI gumAvavAnuM nathI" prItama saMsArIone tyAgano mahimA samajAvatAM kahe che "mRtyu AthuM AvuM che ema mAnI AtmakalyANaka puNyakAryo karavAnuM pAchuM ThelavuM nahi joIe. kAraNa mRtyu Avaze tyAre e ghaDIka thobhavAnuM nathI. prItama punarjanma ane pUrvajanmamAM mAnanAro che. jIvana coryAsI lAkha pherAmAMno eka te manuSyAvatAra ekeka janma roMTanA gholakAMonI jema Ave che, ne jAya che. janma ane jIvananI A ghaTamALamAM "jagatanuM sukha jhAkaLanuM che pANI re". prItama mRtyune anaMtatAnA cinmaya bhAga samAna mAne che. eka ja mAlika judAM judAM kSetrano jANe bhoMyabadalo karato hoya tevI A mRtyunI prakriyA che. maryAdita mAnavajIvana ane anaMta P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 63 cetanAyukta sarvavyApI jIvana vaccenI 'maraNa" e to eka mAtra caitanyakaDI che. pratamanA "harino mAraga' padane to oNksapharDa speniza vidvAna maskaroe duniyAnA bhaktikAvyomAMnuM eka aNamola ratna kahyuM che. umAzaMkare e kAvyane hisAbe ja babbevAra uttamakoTinA kavi lekhe prItamane biradAvI uparano abhiprAya TAMkatAM aMjali ApI. umAzaMkara kahe che "prItamadAsanuM bhajana "harino mAraga' saheje vizvabhajanasaMcayamAM sthAna pAme evuM che. kema ke pazyantI vANInI e prasAdI che." paraba. svAminArAyaNa saMpradAya mAnavadehanI nazvaratA ane apavitratA tarapha upekSAvRttine badale svargathI suMdara ne mokSathI mohaka evA A janmanI mahattAnuM gAna gAyuM che. tema chatAM zarIranI dRSTie koI asara nathI, e satyane paNa teoe vyakta karyuM ja che. zarIrane nirarthaka na mAnatA A saMpradAye jaDa ane mUrkha lokone jAgRta karavA mRtyuno bhaya batAvyo che. premasakhIe bhakti dvArA mukti pAmavA para vadhu bhAra mUkyo che. janmamRtyunA bhayane paNa bhakti vaDe ja dUra karavAnI teoe vAta karI che. nAraNadAsa svAmI janmamaraNanA cakranI vAta karatAM satata AvaradA ochI thatI hovAnI vAstavikatA pratye AMgaLI cIMdhe che. "marI gayA te janma dhare ne janma dhare te maravAjI" 53 A zarIranA nAza sAthe badhA dunyavI saMbaMdhono paNa nAza thAya che. RNasaMbaMdhe maLelA sau aMtakALe aLagA thaI jAya che. tethI ja kAyAnI mAyAne jhAkaLanA pANI jevI kavi kahe che. bhaktakavi nAraNadAsa zarIranI nazvaratA temaja kAyAnI jUThI mAyA vize ApaNane satata TapA-re che. jhAkaLanAM pANI sarikhI, kAyA, mAyA jUThIjI vhAlAne visArI jAvuM, eka palakamAM UThI haratAMpharatAM khAtAMpItAM, kALa vase che pAsejI jayAre tyAre pakaDI leze, kahyuM che nAraNadAsa" 54 brahmAnaMdanA re zira sATe mAM jagadIza dave vIra yoddhAnI phanAgIrInA darzana kare che. harine bhajavA mATe so TakA samarpaNa jarUrI che. emAM mRtyuno Dara kAma na Ave. to umAzaMkara jozI "rahe rAjI re matavAlA' pada mATe kahe che "yoddho sajja thaIne nIkaLyo che, te to maraNa che." 55 evA zabdothI kAI pAcho vaLavAno nathI. badhuM choDI jamanI sAthe javAnuM che. bhakti nahi karanArane narakamAM javuM paDaze evI paNa mAnyatA che. svAmI niSkuLAnaMda yamadaMDa nAmanA kAvyamAM dehavatti tyajI dehathI aLagA thavAno eTale ke jIvanamukta thavAno Adeza Ape che. janmamaraNa che, tyAM sudhI ja jamanuM jora che. muktadazA pAmyA pachI jIvane jama satAvatA nathI. 177ra mAM janmelA madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityanA chellA jyotirdhara dayArAma paNa narasiMha mIrAMnI jema premalakSaNAbhakti gAya che. A kavine paNa mukti khapatI nathI. teonI daSTie paMcamahAbhUtothI yukta badhA padArtho kSara che. jayAre temanAmAM rahelA aMtaryAmI akSara che. dayArAmanI daSTie vastuno nAza thato nathI. vastumAM rahelA jIvanA mArApaNA no P.P.AC. Gunratnasun M.S. Jun Gun Aaradnak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 64 nAza thAya che. dayArAmane mana saMsArAsakta jIva jIvato chatAM mRtyu pAmelo ja che. garbhavAsanAM kaSTothI trAsI gayelo jIva paramAtmAne prArthanA karI emAMthI mukta thavAnI jhaMkhanA vyakta kare che. paNa pAcho A duniyAmAM pravezatAMnI sAthe pelAM kaSTa, AjIjI, pokAra, saghaLuM visarI jaI saMsAramAM racyopacyo rahe che. ne pariNAma svarUpe "punarapi jananuM punarapi maraNa, punarapi jananI jaThare zayanam" sthitine pAme che. ciMtA karanAra jIvane dayArAma AtmaghAtI kahe che. "janAra vastu eNi pere jAze, jyama gaja koLuM gaLe mAM mAnavajIvananI nazvaratAno nirdeza thayo che. dayArAma pote ja potAno guru banI ziSya jevA manane svadezabhaNI prayANa karavA sUcave che. "manajI musAphara re, cAlo nija deza bhaNI 2 musApharI thaI che ghaNI" pat lAMbI musApharI karI jIvanapradezanA aneka mulako joyA pachI chevaTe "svapura javAno paMtha Avyo che, rakhe bhulatA bhAI." A dehamAMja svapura javAnI taiyArI karI levAnI, jIvananI nazvaratAne samajI zakIe toja vairAgyavRtti daDha thAya. jIvana TUMke che, ne enI ekaeka paLa kiMmatI che. tethI to dayArAma kahe che. "mUrakha tuM samaje nahi AyuSya ochuM thAya" pa7 madhyakAlIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM kALanuM nirUpaNa narasiMha pote jIvana-mukta hovAthI ne jIvatAM jIvaMta eNe muktipurI joI hovAthI, ene to mRtyunI bIka na hatI. paraMtu mAthe bhamI rahelA motanI jene khabara nathI evA amara manuSyane to e joradAra cetavaNI Ape che, ne mAthA para dAMta kacakacAvatA kALanuM bhayAnaka varNana kare che. "alpa sukha sAruM zuM mUDha phUlyo phare zIza para kALa rahyo daMta karaDe 58 1655mAM janmelA AtmajJAnI kavi mULadAsa luhArI kALane "vikarALa kaThiyAro' kahe che. kavi mULadAsa kahe che "pIpaLAnA pAna jevA caMcaLa saMsAramAM deha ane jIvarUpI be paMkhIDAM pAMkho parovIne poDhyAM che. paLepaLe nAzanI nobata vAgI rahI che. kALano vikarALa kaThiyAro, paMkhI je DALa para poDhayAM che tene kApI nAkhe che ane deha tathA jIvarUpI paMkhI judAM paDI jAya che. kavi gorakha kALathI DaratA nathI. A nazvara zarIra paNa kALanA ghaNanA ghA khamI zake evI addabhuta eraNa banAvyAnuM kahe che. mAthe kALarUpI verI beThelo hovAnI cImakI ApatA ravirAma khudAnI baMdagI karI levA kahe che. kacchI saMta DADA mekaraNa "mekA' ajJAAnamAM poDhI rahelA jIvarUpI bhamarAne jagADavAnI vAta kare che. je jAgRta banIne amIrasa pIe che, tenI AgaLa kALanuM kAMI cAlatuM nathI. te mRtyuMjaya banI jAya che. kavi kahe che "poDhelA bhramararUpI pAmara jIvane kALarUpI hAthI AvIne jotajotAmAM chedI nAkhaze. * gaMgAsatIe to kALane barAbara oLakhI lIdho hato. khUba sajAga hatAM teo kALa P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 65 aMge. vIjaLInA camakArA jevA manuSyadehane barAbara jIvI levAmAM na Ave to kALa koLiyo karI jaze ne pachI aMdhakAra thaI jaze. tethI manakhAdehano sadupayoga karavA cetave che. to "vakhata gayA pachI pastAvo thAze, pAnabAI, acAnaka khAze tamane kALa' - mAM gaMgAsatI mRtyusaMdarbhe pAmara jIvane cetavaNI ApI jAgRta kare che. ne bhakSaka tarIkenA kALa' nA svarUpathI mAnavane mAhitagAra banAve che. AkhyAnaziromaNi premAnaMda "abhimanyuAkhyAna' mAM bAlaka ahilocana pitAnA mRtyunuM vera levA bhagavAna zrIkRSNane mAravA nIkaLe che tyAre kahe che "kuMvare kezava nahi jANyA, je kALataNA che kALa" pa9 premAnaMda ahIM kRSNane kALa-nAtha kALa kahI vaMde che. bhagavAnane mAravA nIkaLelo rAkSasabALa pote ja potAno kALa banI rahe che. "jema tetarane teDe vAdharI ema kALe peTI AgaLa dharI jema koza viSe pese taravAra tema daitya peTho peTI mojhAra" 0 kurukSetranA AraMbhAyelA yuddhamAM droNe abhimanyune mAravAnI AkarI pratijJA karI che. tyAre gabharAyelA pAMDavo piyara gayelI uttarAne teDuM mokale che. e gabharATanuM varNana kavi karatI vakhate kALanI nyArI "gati' nI rahasyamayatA para bhAra mUke che. kALataNI ho avaLI vAta che na jANIe ho kevo ugaze prabhAtajI" 1 abhimanyune cAre bAjuthI mahArathIoe gherI lIdho che tyAre e cha mahArathIone kavi 'kALasarIkhA' kahI Akroza vyakta kare che. "dazamaskaMdha' mAM kavi premAnaMda kaMsane kALarUpa gaNAvI, kALanA mUrtimaMta svarUpa jevo kahe che. paNa devakIno AThamo putra avataravAno thayo tyAre kaMsanI UMgha harAma thaI jAya che. e kahe che, "kALa mAro sarvathA e have ugaravuM nathI". 12 maraNa to kaMsaneya mUkavAnuM nathI. tethI kaMsane ciMtA thAya che. pUtanA pAse badhAM bALako marAvavAnuM kaMsa nakkI to kare che. paNa kALasvarUpa bhagavAnane koNa oLakhI zakyuM che ? mAsI pUtanA najIka AvatAM avinAza UMghI gayAno dekhAva kare che. pUtanA AvI pAraNA pAse Avyo na jAmyo kALa re" 23 kare amRtano AhAra' kahI haLavekathI bhagavAnane pUtanA mAsI upADe to che. paNa pachI - tIvra agra nakhanAM karI re vIMdhyuM mAsInuM zarIra AkarSe prANa paramezvare - tava mAsI pADe cIsa 4 kaMse mokalelA gaMdharvAsuranuM mastaka bhAMgIne bhUko thAya che. badhAnI nA chatAM jamanAnA kAlinAganuM mardana kare che. ne tyAre nAradajI pharI kaMsane cetave che. sAMbhaLa bhUpALa, kaniSTha putra che tAro kALa Avyo kALa kAMI thA sAvadhAna kahI nArada thayA aMtardhAna P.P. Ac. Gunfatnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * dada sattaramA saikAno agraNI jJAnI kavi akho paNa kALanA varcasvanI vAta kare che. "karakaro thaye kALa nahi bIe, jore jama jItyo che ubhe che "kALacakra subhAve phare (tyAM hAM) saheje upaje saheje mare ema jANI akhA ja bhaLI A punarapinI kacakaca TaLI 60 akho kahe che, "cAlAka banavAthI kAMI kALane parAjita karI zakato nathI. kaLavakaLa kALa mana kazI ? zuM bALaka che je chetarazo hasI? hirzakazape mRtyu meTuM chaLe harie te ghATa ghAlya kaLe" 8 pAchaLa paDelA kALane varNavavA akho sarasa daSTAMta Ape che. kapine jema zaMgAryo naTe bhIkha maMgAve rahyo covaTe . akhA le sarve udAla kaMTha doraDI pUche kALa" 29 pratyeka jIva, jo e jIvanamukta na hoya to paLepaLe kALa vaDe lUMTAya che. enA tana, mana dhanane kALa harI le che. akhAnI daSTie kALa karaDo che. je saune tatkALa sAva khokhAM karI nAkhe che. - "khokhAM karI nAkhe tatkALa akhA evo karaDo kALa" 0 nirAMta bhagata paNa mAnavane cetavaNI ApatAM kahe che. "phUlyo zuM phare che chAkamAM chAyA na joto cAla varaNAgIyAM vATa UThaze, lUMTI leze kALa" * jIvanamukta kavi bhojo kALanA prahArathI sabhAna ane sajAga che. "kALanuM kAraNuM daLa AvI dehane daLI nAkhaze.' kaheto bhojo pote to mRtyuthI Darato ja na hato. mUrakha tathA pAmara mAnavane cetavaNI Apato. AvatIkAla ane bhaviSyanI vAto karanArAone kALacakranA Avartano ane zAsanathI sajAga banAvatAM bhojo sarasa vAta kare che. "mUrakho kAlanI vAtuM kare mAthe kALanuM cakra ja phare" eka padamAM bhojAe "vAMsaDA' nuM varNana kALanA pratIka tarIke karyuM che. "jIvane zvAsataNI sagAI gharamAM ghaDI na rAkhe bhAI mUrakho mohane ghoDe caDe re P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 67 mAthe kALanagArAM gaDe. prANiyA bhajI lenI kiratAra A to sapanuM che saMsAra" " saMsArane svapna mAnanAra bhojo jIvanamukta hato. tethIja to mRtyune emaNe tuccha gaNuM hatuM. mUrakha, ne pAmarane cetavavA teo kALano Dara batAve che. emanA jevA anAsakta jIvane to kALa paNa khAI na zake. AvI brahmakhumArI vyakta karato bhojo kALanA zAsananoya svIkAra karato nathI. mRtyu aMge cetavaNI ApatAM kavi prItama kALane pAradhI sAthe sarakhAve che. "kAyA upara tAke kALa mahApAradhIe mAMDI jALa" 73 to kALaghaMTImAM daLAtA mAnavajIvananI vAta karatAM kahe che. "kALaghaMTImAM sahu dalAyuM koya rahyo nahi Akho" 4 kAyAne kALano kaMpo, ne jagatane kALanA cavANA tarIke nirUpanAra kavi prItama eka sthaLe kALasvarUpI vAchaDuM AvaradAne cAve' ema kahI dahADe dahADe najIka AvI rahelA mRtyuno nirdeza kare che. kALasvarUpI vAchaDuM kahIe AvaradA cAve dahADe dahADe mRtyu TUkaDuM Ave" 5 kALa zira para tAkI rahelo hovAthI kavi pANI pahelAM pALa bAMdhavAnuM kahe che. pavanajhapATAthI dIvo holavAya ema kALanA jhapATAthI deha vilAI jaze ema bhojo kahe che. kAyAne kALanI bhAjI kaheto prItama jagatanuM vAstavadarzana karAvyA vinA raheto nathI. eka ghaDI gharamAM nahi rAkhe kADho kADho kaheze re dina daza, AThanI bAjI kAyA che kALanI bhAjI kAyAne to kAla niraMtara khAye" 34 janme che te mare ja e dIvA jevA satyane prItama A rIte rajU kare che. je ugyA te AthamyA, ne phUlyA karamAyA kALacakra kone nava mUke, koNa raMka ne rAyA re 5 thI svAminArAyaNa saMpradAyanA kavi nAraNadAsa saMsArane "kALanuM cavANuM' kahe che. kALanuM sAnnidhya niraMtara ApaNI pAse che. e ApaNI pAse ja vase che. game tyAre pakaDI le. to yamadaMDa' nAmanuM kAvya lakhanAra svAmI niSkuLAnaMda kahe che, "jema bilADI uMdarane, ne bagalo mAchalIne pakaDe, ke bAja tetarane jhAle ema kALa jIvane pakaDe che." kavi dayArAma "kALajJAnasArAMza' kAvyakRtimAM "kALa' no artha "mahAkALa' arthAta "manuSya dehanuM avasAna' evo karI kALanuM jJAna karAvavAno prayatna kare che. dehanI kramika P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 68 jarjaritatA ahIM varNavAI che. "janme teNe maraNa to jyAre tyAre thAya" 08 | madhyakAlIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyu maMgala, muktidAtA sadehe muktipurI joyAno AnaMda narasiMhano evo hato ke e sivAya kazuM gAvAnuM ene game paNa nahi. tyAM ApaNe dunyavI loko jene "mRtyukahIe chIe evA mRtyunI vAta bhAgye ja Ave. ne chatAM mRtyunI vAstaviktA vize teo sajAga che. jo ke kavi svajanamRtyuno zoka nathI karatA. avadha jenI thaI te javAnuM. eno vaLI zoka zo? evI samaja narasiMha dharAvato. narasiMhane mRtyunI bhIti na hatI. paNa uttama prakAranA mRtyunI jhaMkhanA e jarUra sevato. kavine mana mRtyu maMgala avasara che. IzvaramilananuM e to nimitta che. zyAmanA caraNamAM IcchuM chuM maraNa re ahIMyA ko nathI kRSNa tole" 9 IzvaracaraNe mRtyu mAgavAno A parama bhaktane hakka paNa che. mRtyune Izvara sAthe tarUpa thavAnI prakriyA gaNatA kavi "maMgala' mAne e svAbhAvika che. narasiMhanI jemaja paramezvara ne akhUTa prema karatI mIrAM paNa mRtyuno bhaya na rAkhatI. eTaluM ja nahi mRtyuno saharSa svIkAra karavA e utsuka hatI. harinI bhakti karatAM mRtyu Ave to potAne e baDabhAgI mAnatI tethI to e kahe che - jIvaDo jAya to jAvA dauM harinI bhakti na choDuM rAma" che mRtyune mIrAM svecchAe nimaMtre che. mRtyune e maMgala avasara gaNe che. tethI to "agara caMdananI citAye jalAvavAnI vAta kare che. mRtyu dvArA Izvaramilana sadhAtuM hoya to e mRtyu maMgala" ane "AnaMdasvarUpa che. soraThI kavi mULadAsa luhArI paNa uttama mRtyunI vAta kare che. maraNano bhaya TaLI jAya evA mRtyune A kavi 'uttama' ane "maMgala' gaNAve che. dAsI jIvaNane paNa mRtyuno bhaya kyAreya na hato. jeNe ahamabhAva ogALI nAkhyo hoya ene zarIranA mRtyunI paravA ja na hoya. jiMdagIno saravALo motane TANe maMDAto hoya emanA naphAno pAra nathI raheto. mota ahIM parAjita tathA dayAmaNuM banIne Ave che. AvA mahAnubhAvone laI jaI "mRtyu pote dhanya thaI jAya che. A saMta kavi mRtyune maMgala avasararUpe svIkAravA taiyAra che. jayAre kavayitrI gaMgAsatI agAuthI ja jIvazivamAM bhaLyAnI jANe eMdhANI ApatAM nAmarUpanI upAdhi maTI gayAnI jIvatAM jIvata anubhUti kare che. ene vaLI mRtyuno Dara zo? zarIra paDI rahe che ne prANano-AtmAno tAra harimAM bhaLI jAya che. "mRtyu ne prabhumilana mAnatAM gaMgAsatI mATe to mRtyu "maMgala mahotsava' ja hoya ne ? kAnhaDade prabaMdha' nA kavi padmanAbhe yuddhajanya vIrocita mRtyune "maMgala svarUpe ja biradAvyuM che. jyAre yuddhamAM jItavAnI koI zakyatA na hoya tyAre duzmanane zaraNe javA karatAM rajapUto kesariyA karavAnuM pasaMda karatA, je maMgala mRtyu ja gaNAtuM. prathama e P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 69 rajapUtonI strIo snAna karI kiMmatI vastrAbhUSaNo sajIne sUryane adhya ApIne caMdana kAThanI citA para caDatI, je vIramRtyune "maMgala avasara' tarIke biradAvavAnI bhAvanAnuM sUcaka che. A vidhine "jamahara' (yamagRhaH) "brahara' kahevAmAM AvatI, ne pachI vastInI tamAma strIo paNa rANIonI pAchaLa jauhara karatI. prabhumaya sudhanvAne maraNano bhaya nathI. ne maraNa Ave to eno zoka paNa nathI. A vAta premAnaMde "sudhanvAkhyAna' mAM rajU karI che. ukaLatA telamAM paDavA chatAM ene kAMI kaSTa nathI paDatuM. IzvarakRpAe karIne sudhanvA mRtyumukhamAMthI ugarI jAya che. arjunane yuddha mATe paDakArato sudhanvA prabhudarzana karyA pachI maraNa pAmavA utsuka bane che. ne AvAgamananA pherAmAMthI mukta thavA icche che. mRtyune ahIM "mukti'nA mAdhyama tarIke oLakhAvatA kavi maMgala avasara' tarIke mRtyune varNave che. to 'raNayajJa" mAM paNa aMte rAvaNanA mRtyu samayanI sthitinuM kavi premAnaMda maMgala" darzana karAvyuM che. mAgIne mRtyu meLavI, bhagavAna dvArA "mukti pAmyAnI vAta ahIM rAvaNanA caritra dvArA kavie karI che. rAvaNa aMtakALe eka mastake UbhA rahI vIsa hAthanI aMjali vaDe zrIrAmanuM stavana kare che ne janmamaraNanA pherAmAMthI choDAvavA vinaMti kare che. rAma rIjhe che, ne agatsya RSinuM bANa mUkI rAvaNanuM dasamuM zIza kApe che. "jema grahasiMgAthe paDe savitA mULa thako mera re te rIte paDyo laMkApati zabda thayo cophera re" 81 bhAgavatanuM vastu laI lakhelA "dazamaskaMdha' mAM premAnaMde kareluM pUtanAvadhanuM varNana paNa muktidAtA" "maMgala' mRtyunuM uttama daSTAMta che. ' "pUtanAno piMDa parajaLe, chUTI daze dizA kasturI agara, tagara, maliyA-gara caMdana paramavilAsa mAdhurI" 82 je aMtakALe "zrIkRSNa' kahe te jamapurI nava jAya' kavi premAnaMda pUtanAnA mRtyune mAtra maMgala ja nahIM "suMdara', "madhura' ane "sugaMdhI' svarUpe varNave che. jJAnI kavi akho to "mRtyu' ne tuccha gaNe che. are, "mRtyu' nA astitvano ja asvIkAra kare che. "mRtyu' nAmano parapoTo paNa jyAM nAza pAme tyAM kevaLa caitanyavilAsanA anubhavanI AnaMda choLa ja chalakatI rahe che.' 'huM hasato ramato harimAM bhaLyo' jevI paMktimAM amRtatattvano paricaya ApaNane maLe che. je mRtyu paratvenI akhAnI maMgala daSTine pragaTa kare che. akho jIvanane nahi, mRtyune parapoTo' kahe che. kSaNe kSaNe janma TaLe, evuM maravuM" ema kaheto akho maMtra-daSTAnI peThe potAnI brahmAnubhUtino AnaMda kavitAmAM vyakta kare che. "akhA kathanIthI anubhava te alaga 83 nirAMta bhagata, marIne jIvanArAnA dezano mahimA vyakta karatAM dehabhAva ogALavAnI vAta kare che. ne e ja to "mRtyu ne maMgalarUpe svIkArI zake. rAmamAM akhUTa zraddhA dharAvanAra goThaDAno kavi dhIro bAroTa dehamRtyunI kadI paravA na karato. emanI bhaktino AnaMda mRtyune sahaja rIte "maMgala svarUpe ja joto. P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 70 jetapurano kavi bhojo jabhyo tyArathI ja khAMpaNa khabhe nAkhIne cAlato. A paramayogIne potAnA dehAvasAnano aNasAra pahelethI AvI gayo hato. tethI to sahajabhAve maMgala mRtyune svIkAravA tathA satkAravA, temaja ziSya jalArAmane ApeluM vacana pALavA e aMtima divasomAM vIrapura pahoMcI jAya che. cuDArANapuramAM saMvata 1774 mAM janmanAra ne 1854 mAM mRtyu pAmanAra (1720 | 25-1798) prItama kavi saMvata 1817 mAM saMdesarane potAnI karmabhUmi banAve che. ne saM. 1854 nA vaizAkha vada bArasanA roja saune agAuthI jaNAvI bapora DhaLatAM svargArohaNa kare che. A jIvanamukta mahAna AtmAne mRtyu amRta jevuM lAgatAM sarvatra apAra premano anubhava kare che. je mRtyu maMgala, divya ane bhavya hovAnuM sUcave che. mRtyunI sAthe siMgAra karatAM apAra prema prItamamAM pragaTe che. "bAharabhItara nAtha niraMtara Ape akaLa rUpa mRtyu te amRta thaI nIvaDyuM pragaTyo prema apAra" 84 AvA jIvanamukta jogIne pachI janmamaraNanA saMzayo naDatA nathI. vAsanAmukta jIva mATe mRtyu amRtaphaLa-svarUpa, maMgala mahotsava banI rahe che. svAmIzrI sahajAnaMdanI preraNAthI "yamadaMDa nAmanA saLaMga kAvyanI racanA karanAra saMtakavi niSkuLAnaMda satsaMgane janmamaraNanA pherAmAMthI mukti apAvanAra rAha tarIke oLakhAve che. jIvanamuktone paramadhAmamAMthI vimAna teDavA Ave, hAthI, garUDa, ghoDAvALI vela levA Ave. ne muktadazA pAmyA pachI jIvane jama na satAve. ne AvA loko tana tyAgatI veLA kaSTa nahi paNa parama AnaMdano anubhava kare che. 177ra mAM janmelA madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityanA chellA jyotirdhara dayArAmanA kavanamAM ja nahi, jIvanamAM paNa mRtyunI maMgalatA ane AnaMdamayatA jovA maLe che. potAnA jIvananA aMtima divasomAM emanA ziSyavargane potAnA maraNa bAda raDavAne badale occhava manAvavA kaheluM. maraNane mahotsava mAnanArA kavi dayArAme anerI mastImAM ja potAnAM racelAM pado sAMbhaLatAM mRtyunI maMgalatA tathA bhavyatAno anubhava karI dehatyAga karyo hato, ne AtmAne aMte parama zAzvatImAM bheLavI dIdho hato. pote sadA jIvanamukta hovAthI ziSya jevA potAnA manane svadeza bhaNI, nijadhAmabhaNI prayANa karavA sUcave che. lAMbI musApharI karyA pachI saMtoSapUrvaka "svapura' javAnA samayanA AgamananI pratIti kare P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 71 madhyakAlIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM yuddhajanya mRtyu madhyakAlIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM padmanAbhe raceluM 'kAnhaDade prabaMdha' samagrapaNe yuddhanuM kAvya che. jemAM "yuddha, prema ane mRtyu' kendra sthAne che. yuddhakathAmAM vIramRtyu nimitte karuNarasa paNa avazya AvavAno. 'kAnhaDade prabaMdha' aitihAsika kAvya hovAthI emAM varNavAyelA mRtyuprasaMgo paNa aitihAsika arthasaMketa ja Ape, nahi ke tattvabodha. rajapUtoe kesariyAnI taiyArI karI enuM varNana kavie sarasa karyuM che. vIramRtyu maMgaladAyI tathA kalyANakArI banI rahe che. ne svarga apAve che. evI zraddhA rajapUtomAM hatI. mRtyu pAmelA mugala, turaka yoddhAonI nArIonA zokavilApanuM padmanAbhe hRdayasparzI varNana karyuM che. koInA bAMdhava, koInA bharathAra, to koInA rUpALA kumAra, koInA mAmA to koInA bApa... je je raNazUrA hatA, te sau haNAyA hatA. bAdazAha pharI sainya sAbaduM karI kabaramAM sUvAnI taiyArI sAthe jhAlora kabaje karavAnI pratijJA sAthe prayANa Adare che tyAre rajapUta rANIo jaihara karavAno potAno saMkalpa vyakta kare che. sAMtalanI rANIo satvara zaNagAra sajI, caMdana aNAvI, parivAra ekatra karI saunI samakSa sAhasapUrvaka citA upara (jamahara) caDe che. sAMtalanI rANI nAraMgide ane premAde agnipraveza kare che. mRtyuthI na Darato sAMtala, pAdazAhanI enA pakSamAM bhaLavAnI lobhAmaNI lAlacane Thokara mAre che. aMte traNa pahora muslima lazkaranI sAme laDIne sAMtala ghaNe ghAe raNamAM paDe che. sAMtalanuM zUrAtana vakhANIne enuM lohI zatru sulatAna paNa lalATe lagADI caMdana kare che. kAnhaDade paNa aneka plecchono saMhAra karI pachI pote raNamAM paDI vaizAkha mAsanI zuklapakSanI paMcamIne budhavAre (saM. 1368) vIramRtyune vare che, tyArabAda sADAtraNa divasa rAjya kare che. enI rANIo jauhara kare che. yuddhamAM kadAca musalamAno potAne keda pakaDaze, e bIke potAnA peTamAM UMDe kaTArI paherIne roSathI turko para tUTI paDe che. mlecchone mArI poteya raNamAM khapI jAya che. vIramadenuM mastaka sugaMdhI dravyamAM sAcavI dilhI laI javAmAM Ave che. mastaka ADuM pharI jAya che. bAdazAhanI dIkarI pirojA tarapha e jotuM nathI. kuMvarI atyaMta kalpAMta kare che. kuMvarIe to vIramade sAthe potAne paraNAvavA mATenI jIda karI hatI. potAnA cha pUrvajanmanI vAta, yuddhamAM viramadevanA prANatyAganI tithinI, temaja viramadevanA mastakane agnidAha karAvI pote jamAnAmAM jhAjhApAta karI bhartRbhaktine sAcI TheravI baMne devalokamAM jaze, evI bhaviSya kathanI pitAne kahI hatI, ne sAce ja pachI pirojA viramadevanA mastakane laIne mAtapitAnI rajA laI yamunAtaTe jhajhApAta kare che. A kAvyamAM vipralaMbhazRMgAra ane karuNarasa ekabIjAne potAnA raMgano pAsa de che. uddAmakaruNa nahi, saMyamanibaddha karuNa ahIM che. chelle pirojAnA vilApa gItano karuNa, premanA mRtyu paranA vijayanuM pratIka banI rahe che. dharmarasa sAthe saMsArarasa vahAvanAra premAnaMda vIrarasabharyA yuddhavarNano paNa Ape che. jemAM "vIramRtyujanya' karuNarasa emanAM AkhyAnomAM avAranavAra maLe che. abhimanyuAkhyAna' mAM premAnaMde kareluM abhimanyunA parAkramanuM, ne aMte kapaTa vaDe thatA enA vadhanuM varNana hRdayasparzI che. uttarA jyAre abhimanyune raNe na javA vinaMtI kare che tyAre karmanI rekhA TaLI na zakavAnI vAta karato abhimanyu "mahilA ekavAra che maravuM, P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 72 to raNathI zuM osaravuM' kahI vIramRtyu mATe sajja thAya che. duryodhanano paba mAM . duryodhane kareluM kalpAMta paNa hRdayadrAvaka che. dhRtarASTrane A vAtanI jANa thAya che, tyAre A paNa evoja karuNa vilApa kare che. abhimanyu yuddhamAM ekale hAthe zalyanuM aMga bhede che. karNanuM kapALa chede che. duHzAsanane mUcha pamADe che. kauravomAM kAgAroLa macI jAya che. premAnaMda yuddhamAM laDatA abhimanyunuM varNana karatAM kahe che. "palAza phUlyo phAgaNa mAse evI dIse deha 85 aneka zatruothI gherAvA chatAM macaka nahi Apato abhimanyu mAravo sahelo nathI. evI pratIti thatAM zrIkRSNa kapaTapUrvaka, uMdaranuM rUpa laI abhimanyunA dhanuSyanI pratyaMcA kAtarI khAya che, tyAre dhanuSya bhAMgyuM jANI kauravo A bALaka abhimanyune gherI vaLe che. ne droNa, karNa, kRtavarmAnA bANa vaDe A pArthaputra dharaNI para DhaLI paDe che. vIramRtyune varelA abhimanyunuM varNana najAkta bharyuM che. dIpe aruNa udaya sarakho kesarI kaTino moDa, akaLAI paDyo pRthvI para jANe bhAMgyo caMpAno choDa 84 abhimanyunA vadha pachI svajanoe karelA zokanuM varNana hRdayasparzI che. je vIra mRtyumAMthI niSpanna thatA karuNanuM dRSTAMta che. 'rue yudhiSThira ho, UThone bApajI huM zo daIza ho, arjunane javApajI, komaLa jevI ho, kamaLanI pAMkhaDIjI te kema jIve to uttarA rAMkaDIjI' 80 abhimanyunA vadhanA samAcAre samagra pAMDava sainya zokagrasta bane che. "subhadrAne zoka na jAye zamAvyo che. evAmAM arjuna AvI pahoMcatAM "Athamyo sUraja sAMbhaLI eya mUcha pAme che. abhimanyunA vadhane kavi "sUrajanA asta sAthe sarakhAve che "pharI na Ave rudana kIdhe' kahetA kRSNanA mukhe kavi sanAtana satyanuM uccAraNa karAve che. sudhanvAkhyAna" mAM sudhanvA ane arjunanA yuddhavarNanamAM arjunane yuddha mATe paDakAratA sudhanvAnI muktijhaMkhanA varNavI che. arjuna dvArA karAyelA sudhanvAnuM zIza kRSNa pAse Ave che. sudhanvAnA mukhamAMthI nIkaLatA tejanuM bhagavAna pote pAna kare che evuM varNana premAnaMde karyuM che. to "raNayajJa" mAM yuddha paravaratA pati rAvaNane uddezI thatA apazukananI vAta hRdaya vedhaka zailImAM maMdodarInA mukhe kavie mUkI che. Ajano dahADo lAge mane dhUMdhaLo dIse jhAMkho dInakara deva' 88 rAvaNane ahIM premAnaMde udAtta svarUpe varNavyo che. rAmane hAthe mRtyu pAmavA icchatA rAvaNanI jhaMkhanA rAmadvArA mukti pAmavAnI che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 73 jANI joIne jAnakI harNa kIdhuM ghelI nAra meM mAgIne marNa lIdhuM 89 kuMbhakarNanA mastakane bANa vaDe rAma chedI nAkhe che. kuMbhakarNa marAtAM dharatI dhrUjI UThe che. "laMkakoTanA paDyA kAMgarA' ema kavi kahe che. meghanAdanI sAme lakSmaNa yuddhe caDe che. indrajItanuM zIza chedAIne laMkAdhIzanA khoLAmAM paDe che. tyAre rAvaNa mUcha pAme che. te mAtA maMdodarI AjaMda kare che. kavi kahe che "laMkA dinakara pAmyo asta" "thaI laMkA ujjaDa samazAna" kahI putranA guNagAna gAtI maMdodarI mUchita bane che. putra meghanAdanA vadha prasaMge zoka-vilApane kavi A rIte varNave che. kapIndrarAyane baMdhana karI mArA meghanAda ghera Avo pharI mArI vahuvara traNe lUTANI kumudinI pere karamANI Avo atikAya alabelA Avo akSarakuMvara lADaghelA payapAna deI meM ucheryA guNavaMta kALe kema gheryA 90 rAma gusse thaI rAvaNa para bANa choDe che. jamadUta jevA bANa rAvaNanI pAchaLa pAchaLa jAya che. kavi rAma-rAvaNa yuddhanuM varNana kare che. rAvaNanA dasa mugaTane rAma chedI nAkhe che. zata sahasra bANanI bhIMsamAM rAvaNane AvarI le che, viratha banelo rAvaNa bhayabhIta thaI nAsI jAya che. pharI saMgrAmamAM Ave che. rAmanI krodha bharI daSTi rAvaNane potAnA aMta kALanI pratIti karAve che. vIsa locana vaDe rAvaNa rAmane hRdayamAM sthAna Ape che. rAvaNanA kaMThe rAma eka bANa mUke che. ne traNa mastaka chedAya che. bIjuM bANa mUkatAM bIjAM cha mastaka chedAya che. pachI ekaja mastaka bAkI rahe che. aMta kALe eka mastake UbhA rahI vIsa hAthanI aMjali vaDe rAmanuM stavana karato rAvaNa rAmane janmamaraNanA pherAmAMthI choDAvavA vinaMti kare che. rAvaNa rAmanA bANa vaDe ja mRtyu pAmI mukti meLave che. AkhyAnano aMta karuNa nahi, maMgala banI rahe che. pAdaTIpa a.naM. vigata 1. "lokasAhitya "dharatInuM dhAvaNa (khaMDa-1) jhaveracaMda meghANI "lokasAhitya "dharatInuM dhAvaNa (khaMDa-2) jhaveracaMda meghANI raDhiyALIrAta bhAga-1 gIta-18 lokasAhityamAM mAnavasaMvedanA lekhikA hAyadA paMDyA 38, 39 gujarAtI lokasAhityamALA maNako cotho 130 ('marasiyA ane rAjiyA') kanaiyAlAla joSI saMpAdako DaoN. maMjulAla ra. majamudAra, puSkara caMdaravAkara, zrI kanaiyAlAla jozI 6. "gujarAtI lokasAhityamALA" maNako cotho 2. 61 13ra P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 74 ('marasiyA ane rAjiyA) kanaiyAlAla jozI saMpAdako DaoN. maMjulAla 2. majamudAra, puSkara caMdaravAkara, zrI kanaiyAlAla jozI 7. "gujarAtI lokasAhityamALA' maNako cotho 13ra ('marasiyA ane rAjiyA') kanaiyAlAla jozI saMpAdako DaoN. maMjulAla 2. majamudAra, puSkara caMdaravAkara, zrI kanaiyAlAla jozI lokasAhitya "dharatInuM dhAvaNa khaMDa-2, jhaveracaMda meghANI 137 bhajanasAgara' bhA-1-2 sastuM sAhityavardhaka kAryAlaya 82 'bhikSu akhaMDa AnaMdanI prasAdI' amadAvAda 186 308 312 338 415 699 17. narasiMha mehatAnI kAvyakRtio papa saMzodhaka-saMpAdaka zivalAla tulasIdAsa jesalapurA 28 77 384 lekhaka. niraMjana bhagata lekhaka. ku. mIrAM mahetA 147 ra1. mIrAM 22. "narasiMha, mIrAM, akho ane dayArAmanI kavitAmAM tattvadarzana 23. "bhajanasAgara' bhA-1-ra 'bhikSu akhaMDa-AnaMdanI prasAdI 24. saMta kerI vANI 25. " 26e. 26ba. "gaMgAsatI ema boliyAM re 27. premAnaMdanI kAvyakRtio sastuM sAhityavardhaka kAryAlaya 608 amadAvAda. lekhaka. makaraMda dave 126 149 164, 165 saMpAdaka. sunaMdA vhorA 26 khaMDa-ra saMpAdaka. kezavarAma 600 ke.kA.zAstrI zivalAla jesalapurA 478 DioN. azvinabhAI DuM. paTela ra39, 241 28. 29. "prItama eka adhyayana 3c 286 31. "kIrtana muktAvali svAminArAyaNa akSarapITha, zAhIbAga - 206, 207 196 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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ra60 236 ra70 arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 75 33. "svAminArAyaNa saMtasAhitya' lekhaka. raghuvIra caudharI ra57 34. "kIrtana muktAvali svAminArAyaNa akSarapITha, zAhIbAga 247 3pa. 36. "prAcIna kAvyamALA' dayArAmaracita 37. dayArAma kAvyasaMgraha dayArAma 38. prAcIna kAvyamALA" dayArAmaracita 145 39. 'dayArAma kAvyasaMgraha dayArAma ra53 40. "narasiMha mahetAnI kAvyakRtio saMzodhaka, saMpAdaka. 263 zivalAla tulasIdAsa jesalapurA 41. 42. 3pa9 43. "gaMgAsatI ema boliyAM re saMpAdaka. sunaMdA vahorA 78 44. premAnaMdanI kAvyakRtio khaMDa-2 daOO saMpAdako. kezavarAma kA. zAstrI, DaoN. zivalAla tulasIdAsa jesalapurA 45. "akho eka adhyayana' lekhaka. umAzaMkara jozI 281 46. "akhA bhagatanA chappA le. bhUpendra trivedI, bAlakRSNa trivedI 47. "akho eka adhyayana lekhaka. umAzaMkara jozI 322 48. "akhA bhagatanA chappA" le. bhUpendra trivedI, bAlakRSNa trivedI 49. "akhAnA chappA" saMpAdaka. umAzaMkara jozI 142 50. "prItama eka adhyayana DioN. azvinabhAI tuM. paTela 212 51. 370 para.. 215 paraba. 382 (saMskRti varSa ra6 aMka 11 nave. 1972) 53. "kIrtana muktAvali svAminArAyaNa akSarapITha, zAhIbAga ra47 54. 248 papa. "svAminArAyaNa saMtasAhitya lekhaka. radhuvIra caudharI 253 pa6. 'dayArAma kAvyasaMgraha 297 pa7. 'dayArAma kAvyasaMgraha ra53 58. "narasiMha mahetAnI kAvyakRtio saMzodhaka, saMpAdaka zivalAla tulasIdAsa jesalapurA prastAvanA 59. premAnaMdanI kAvyakRtio khaMDa-2 111 saMpAdako. kezavarAma kA. zAstrI, DaoN. zivalAla tulasIdAsa jesalapurA 117 61. 141 610 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 76 63. "premAnaMdanI kAvyakRtio khaMDa-2 64. 66. 'akhA bhagatanA chappA saMpAdako. bhUpendra trivedI, bAlakRSNa trivedI 633 635 pa97, 598 28 68. "akhAnA chappA' saMpAdaka. umAzaMkara jozI 124 182 184 4ra7 71. "gujarAtI sAhityano itihAsa graMtha-ra "sAhitya pariSada saMpAdako - umAzaMkara jozI, anaMtarAya rAvaLa, yazavaMta zukla, sahasaMpAdaka-cimanalAla trivedI (madhyakAlIna) le. anaMtarAya ma. rAvaLa DaoN. azvinabhAI DuM. paTela 72. "gujarAtI sAhitya 186 73. "prItama eka adhyayana 266 74. 273 382 276 kALajJAna-sArAMza dayArAma 4, 5 79. "narasiMha mahetAnI kAvyakRtio saMzodhaka, saMpAdaka 385 zivalAla tulasIdAsa jesalapurA 80. narasiMha, mIrAM, akho kuM. mIrAM mahetA 145 ane dayArAmanI kavitAmAM tattvadarzana 81. "premAnaMdanI kAvyakRtio khaMDa-1 saMpA. kezavarAma kA. zAstrI, 584 DaoN. zivalAla tulasIdAsa jesalapurA 82. premAnaMdanI kAvyakRtio khaMDa-ra saMpAdako. kezavarAma kA. zAstrI, 637 DaoN. zivalAla tulasIdAsa jesalapurA 83. "akhAnA chappA saMpAdaka. umAzaMkara jozI 133 84. "prItama eka adhyayana' che. azvinabhAI DuM. paTela 379 khaMDa-1 saMpAdako. kezavarAma kA. zAstrI, 177 DioN. zivalAla tulasIdAsa jesalapurA 86. "premAnaMdanI kAvyakRtio khaMDa-2 Do.zivalAla tulasIdAsa jasalapurA 178 87. "premAnaMdanI kAvyakRtio khaMDa-1 saMpAdako. kezavarAma kA. zAstrI, 179 DioN. zivalAla tulasIdAsa jesalapurA 535 544 566 P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 77 3. sudhArakayugamAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa paribaLo "sAhityajagatamAM arvAcInatAno AraMbha dalapatarAme "bApAnI pIMpara' kAvya lakhyuM tyArathI 1845nI sAlathI gaNAya. te pahelAM zikSaNa ane chApakhAnuM. sAhityanAM e be poSaka baLono prabhAva zarU thaI cUkayo hato." 'ogaNIsamI sadInA pUrvAdhamAM bhAratanI prajAnA rAjakIya, sAmAjika, sAMskRtika jIvanamAM evuM krAMtikAraka parivartana AraMbhAyuM ke tyArathI zarU thaIne, Aja sudhI vistarI rahelA kALakhaMDane ApaNe "arvAcIna yuga" tarIke ja oLakhIe chIe. sAhityamAMthI sAMpradAyiktA ghasAtI jaIne mAnavatA ane vizvajanInatAnI sthApanA thatI gaI. pUrva ane pazcimanI saMskRti vacce tumula saMgharSa pedA thayo. A saMgharSe gujarAtI sAhitya para vyApaka ane dUragAmI asara upajAvI. narmada, navalarAma, naMdazaMkara, mahIpatarAma vagere pAzcAtya zikSaNa pAmela ApaNA sAhityakAronI pahelI peDhInA agraNIo hatA. aMgreja adhyApako pAse bhaNavAnI ane aMgreja amaladAronA saMsargamAM rahIne kAma karavAnI taka temane sAMpaDI hatI. aMgrejI sAhityanA parizIlanathI narmada jevAne gujarAtImAM praNaya, prakRti ne dezabhaktine lagatAM AtmalakSI paddhatinAM kAvyo lakhavAnI, kavitAmAM UrminA Avezane prAdhAnya ApatI kAvyabhAvanA ghaDavAnI, gujarAtI gadya kheDavAnI ane gadyanA prakAro khIlavavAnI preraNA maLI hatI. pAzcAtya saMskRtinA saMparkathI aMgrejI keLavaNIno lAbha A yuganA lekhakone maLyo. vicAro temaja abhivyakti baMnemAM aMgrejI keLavaNInA prabhAvathI navI dizAo khUlI. zrI yazavaMta zukla kahe che, jene ApaNe arvAcIna yuga kahIe chIe teno prAraMbha vaLAMka hato." ? ( pazcimanI A asare muktinI jhaMkhanA sau kaviomAM jagAvI. zrI yazavaMta zukla kahe che, "parivartananuM sAhityika rUpa kharekharuM krAMtikArI hatuM. pazcimI sAhityanAM rUpone gujarAtImAM siddha karavAno puruSArtha zarU thayo hato. tethI kAvyanA viSayo ja nahIM paNa sAroye abhigama badalAI gayo. abhivyaktimAM ja navatA AvI." 4 ka. mA. munazI "gujarAta enDa ITsa liTarecara' mAM jene Sanskrti Revival nA saMskRtanA 'punarabhudaya' nA gALA tarIke oLakhAve che. evA A yuganI vizeSatA e hatI ke aMgrejImAMthI tene navA daSTikoNono ane mUlyabodhaka zabdono paricaya thato. saMskRta sAthe tenI sarakhAmaNI thatI ane saMskRta tatsamono Azraya laI gujarAtI paryAyo yojyA. gujarAtI gadyanI ibAratone paNa aMgrejInA saMsparzathI eka navuM ja parimANa maLyuM." pa P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 78 sudhArakyuga mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - karuNa svarUpe kavi suMdarama dalapatarAmanA sauthI vizeSa rasayukta sarjana tarIke "phArbasaviraha' ne gaNAve che. jo ke 'padyanI pAmara camatkRtimAM kavi sarI paDe che' ema to teo kahe che. suMdaram kahe che "emAM mitravirahanI UMDI aMtarthathAne baLe keTalAMka ciraMtana, sauMdarya bharyA muktako ane udgAro sarjAI gayAM che." A kAvyamAM kavie uttama prakArano soraThAno paNa upayoga karyo che. A kAvyamAM kavinuM zokagrasta hRdaya khUba ThalavAyuM hovAnuM zrI yazavaMta zukla noMdhe che. "kavitAjahAjano te bhAMgI paDyo kuvAthaMbha - tarIke jeno ullekha thayo che te phobarsane viSaya karIne racAyelAM A kAvyane teo arvAcIna kavitAnA prathama zokaprazasti kAvya tarIke oLakhAve che." (pAnuM. 46) (gu. sA. itihAsa, graMtha-3, prakaraNa-2) kAraNa ke emAM mitra virahanuM gheruM darda, mitranA guNonI prazasti ane mRtyunI ghaTanA vize ciMtana kare che. soraThAmAM kavi zoka ThAlave che, tyAre vyAjastuti alaMkAranuM te akhaMDa udAharaNa banI rahe che. "vhAlA tArAM veNa svapnAmAM paNa sAMbhare nehabharelAM neNa pharI na dIThAM phArabasa" chelle kavi maraNanI anivAryatAnuM smaraNa karIne svargamAM mitrane maLavAno dilAso letAM letAMye raDI nAkhe che." 7 arvAcIna kavitAnI eka viziSTa paraMparA dalapatarAmanA samayathI baMdhAyAno ullekha karIne zrI dhIrubhAI ThAkara lakhe che "mRtyu vize sAdAM chatAM vicArapreraka kAvyo hRdayasparzI zailImAM teoe lakhyAM che. dalapatarAmanAM A prakAranAM kAvyonI khUbI e che ke jagatanI nazvaratA varNavatAM te nirAzA ke viSAdamAM UtaravAne badale bhaktinA zAMtarasano sAtvika AhlAda pragaTa kare che." " (a. sA. vi. (pAnuM. 40) dhI. ThA.) "ekalA "phorbasaviraha (1865) kAvyamAM ja kavinI aMgata hRdayormi sIdhesIdhI pragaTa thayelI che." "(pAnuM. 46 a. sa. vi. pI. ThA.) "phorbasaviraha' gujarAtI bhASAnA pahelA karuNaprazasti kAvya tarIke oLakhAyuM che. dalapatarAmanI kAvyazaktinA suMdara dRSTAMta tarIke ApaNA kAvyasAhityamAM phorbasaviraha'nuM sthAna smaraNIya hovAnuM zrI dhIrubhAI ThAkara noMdhe che. elijImAM vedhaka nIvaDatI UrminI utkaTatA ne ciMtananI gaharAI dalapatarAme "phorbasaviraha' nA keTalAka soraThAmAM suMdara rIte jhIlI che. dA. ta. pUcho cAhI cakorane, pUcho jaLacara kAya, kAya, kAM to pUcho kamaLane, snehI gaye zuM thAya?" 10 pUrvAnurAgasmaraNa" mAM kavi emanA mitra phorbasasAhebanI prItine yAda karIne zoka pragaTa kare che. emanA javAthI lADa laDAvanAra diladAra dosta gayAnI vyathA teo anubhave che. pahelAM sukha ApI, Ama acAnaka mRtyu pAmatAM raDAvI, janAra A mitrAvasAne kavi becena bane che. mitranI hayAtImAM emanA patro zAtA ApatA. e ja patrasmaraNa emanA gayA pachI kALajAne kaMpAvatAM. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 79 "jo tuM jaLasvarUpe to huM banuM maccharUpe jo tuM caMdra hoya to, cakora thavA cAhuM chuM... " ('phorbasaviraha - 11) mitra davArUpe hoya to pote pataMga thavA, vasaMtarUpe hoya to kokilagAna gAvA taiyAra thAya che. kavi phorbasasAhebarUpI sUraja vinA karamAtA kamaLa hovAnuM kahe che. pUrAM pIsatALIsa varSa paNa na jIvanAra e nirAbhimAnI, saMdhikAra phorbasa vinAnI duniyA kavine Aditya : vinAnA aMdhArathI gherAyelI lAge che. kavi dalapatarAma phorbasasAhebane ratnanagaranA sarvopari ratna tarIke biradAve che. paMdara divasanI pIDA pAmI deha tyajanAra mitranuM nAma to ajaraamara rahevAnuM, evI kavine zraddhA che. suMdaram narmadanI kavitAmAM arvAcInatAno zuddha AviSkAra jue che. aMgrejI sAhityanA paricayanA prathama pariNAmarUpe narmada aMgrejI kAvyo parathI udubhAvelI be kAvyavArtAo lalitA' ane "sAhasa desAI ApI. baMne kAvyomAM vArtAkathananI khUba kacAza che. "lalitAmRtyu kAvya' mAM lalitAnA mRtyu aMge te karaNanI poSaka ghaNI vigato lAve che paNa temAM cArutva nathI lAvI zakato. karNanI niSpatti mATe chevaTe to tene hahaha.... hAhAhA.... hahaha.... aa aaa jevA zabdomAM ja rasanuM zikhara dekhAya che. "lalitAmRtyakAvya' thI kavinI jANamAM AvelI vigata pramANe ochAmAM ochA pacAsa DosADosIoe AMsu pADelA evI vigata temaNe noMdhI che." "lalitAmRtyu kAvya' eka karuNa-prazasti kAvya che. zarUmAM Izvarastavana, pachI vrajabAI mAtAnA sthAnaka tathA enI ANanuM aTakaLathI ja kareluM varNana (je hakIkate sAcuM varNana banI rahe che.) (pAnuM. 19)"1ra vAvAjhoDA ane tophAnanA vamaLamAM aTavAtI dIkarI upara vRkSa, dhULa, pattharono varasAda varase che. ne ema e daTAIne mUMjhAI mare che. dIkarIne zodhavA vanamAM jato bApa potAnI dIkarInA rUpane yAda karI vilApa kare che, e jarA ajugatuM lAge evuM che. "dipatI ghAgharI ghATaDI taNI thaI ja ghATaDI ThAThaDI taNI" (48). dIkarInuM mRtyu UlaTI gaMgA samAna hovAnuM teo jaNAve che. vilApa karato bApa kahe che. "sahajamAM kayame chetaryo mane maraNaoLa meM nA diThI tane" 4 (20) jobana phUla UgyuM pUruM na re khilata dekhatAM te kharyuM khare" 15 (rara) kavi kahe che "A lITIo lalitAnA bApanI athavA mArA bApanI sthiti batAve che. aMte dIkarIno bApa paNa vanamAM ja vilApa karatAM mRtyu pAme che. 1858 nI paccIsamI navembare kavi narmada "sAhasa desAI' nAmanuM vArtAkAvya race oLakhAve che. sIrIjha opha lesansamAM sAudhIno lorDa viliyama vAMcatAM emAMnA varNananI gherI asara taLe teoe A kAvya racyuM. tema chatAM deza tathA rItabhAta pramANe varNana mULa karatAM ghaNuM juduM che. sAhasa desAIno bhAI dhIra zatrunA gAmamAM jaI parAkrama karI aMte mRtyu P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 80 pAme che. dhIranA mRtyuno zoka gheraghera vyApe che. patinA mRtyunI vAta sAMbhaLI enI patnI bebAkaLI bane che. "khoLe ramatA putrane, nIhALI te joya beTA beThuM ApaNuM ghara kahi DagaDaga roya" 14 (39) bhAbhI potAnA putra zrIphaLane mUkI marI jAya che. kAkA zrIphaLane nIce suvADI dupaTTAthI mukha DhAMkI daI pahelAM garadana kApI aMgaaMga pachI judAM kApe che. cAkara para ALa mUkI eneya mArI nAkhe che. zrIphaLanA mRtyuno gheraghera zoka thAya che. badhA bahAvarA bane che. "A TANe e gAmamAM zoka nArI svarUpa" (pAnuM. 43). zoke jANe nArInuM rUpa dharyuM pachI to khUnI sAhasa paNa AkraMda kare che. zrIphaLa mATe nahIM, paNa potAnAM karma mATe mAthA kUTe che, AMsu pADe che, zrAddha kare che. tera divasa pachI dhIrano vAraso laI le che. paNa pachI paLepaLe tene zrIphaLano AkAra dekhAya che. pelI ghoDI vaDa, cAkara, badhA jANe eNe karelA kukarmano javAba mAgatA hoya ema lAge che. "jamadUto zastra bharayA dAMta pIsI risabhera ati bhayAnaka rUpathI bivaDAve bahu pera" 8 cAre bAju jamanI phoja joto rIbAIne aMte ekadama cIsa pADI UThI mRtyu pAme che. kavi narmadanA sagAmAM keTalIeka bALavidhavAnAM asahya duHkho jovAmAM AvatAM. vidhavAnAM duHkha raDatAM, potAnAMya duHkhane vAcA ApatAM kAvyo "vaidhavyacitra bhAga-1 lo' kavi race che. ("narmakavitA' bhAga-1) saM. 1915 I.sa. 1859nA comAsAmAM "narmakavitA' aMka pAMca, cha mAM chapAyuM. jenI traNeka AvRtti thaI hatI. jo ke AjanA saMdarbhamAM sAva sAmAnya kakSAnI e kavitA. pati marI jatAM jema vidhavAnA vilApanuM varNana kavie karyuM che. tema patnI marI jatAM patinI vyathA paNa vyakta karI che. "bALarAMDanuM rudana' mAM sadgata patine uddezI pati eka bALaka paNa ApI na gayAno vasavaso vyakta kare che. to bIjA eka kAvyamAM patie potAne ekalI mUkIne karelA svargavAsa mATe patine Thapako ApatI vidhavAnuM citra mUkyuM che. ghaNI jagyAe rucibhaMga thAya evAM varNanoya che. to kyAMka sIdhIsAdI vANImAM vidhavAnA valopAta vyakta thayA che. "o vhAlA mahelIne piyu kema gayA ?' patinA maMdavADanI cAkarI karanAra strI paNa aMte patine bacAvI na zakavAne kAraNe vidhavA thatAM azrudhArA vahAvatI hoya evAM vedhaka citroya kavie ApyAM che. "vidhavAha' lakhatAM to kavi pote paNa raDyAno ullekha kare che. jemAM "marasiyA' prakAranuM varNana kare che. hAya hAya vara kyAM gayo sAhelI re 18 (pA. 1) kahetI vidhavAne khAnapAnanI vastu gaLe UtaratI nathI. bhAtabhAtanAM lUgaDAM, ghareNAM dhagadhagatA aMgAra jevAM lAge che. svajananA mRtyu pachI bAkI rahelA sagAMonI kaphoDI P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 81 sthitinAM varNana paNa kavie karyA che. sAcuM che tanamana AjArI - bihuM joI re, jamadUtanI savArI" 0 kavi "motane bhUkharavAyu' kahe che. narmade eka rAjIA prakAranuM mRtyu-kAvya paNa lakhyuM che. karuNarasanI chAlavALA A kAvyamAM jIvane uddezIne zoka tajI brahmane gAvAnuM kahevAyuM che. mRtyunI apharatAno kavie ahIM nirdeza karyo che. "janmyA jAvAnA jarUra re,' kahI mRtyunI nizcitatA tarapha narmada ApaNuM dhyAna dore che. ne tethI ja to brahmanI AjJA na uthApavA jIvane upadeza apAyo che. vilsana-viraha' nAmanuM karuNa-prazasti kAvya racanAra kavi malabArInI kAvyarIti para zAmaLa ane dalapatarAmanI bhASA ane padyaracanAnI chAyA jovA maLe che. nAnI uMmare mAtAnuM mRtyu thatAM, mRtyune pahelIvAra najare joyuM. jIvanamAM saMkrAntinA kALano anubhava karyo. I. sa. 1907 mAM emanI moTI putrI traNa aThavADiyAnA bALakane mUkI svargavAsa pAmI. pitAe tattvajJAnIne chAje tevuM bairya dAkhavyuM. I. sa. 1912 mAM julAI mAsamAM icchita sthaLe simalA khAte ekAeka hRdaya baMdha paDavAthI teo mRtyu pAmyA. simalAmAM himAlayanI unnata TekarIo vacce suMdara devadArUnA vanamAM AvelI pArasI ArAmagAhamAM malabArInI kabara AvelI che ane e kabaranI upara emanA potAnA ja eka suMdara kAvyamAMthI nIcalI agamasUcaka paMktio kotarelI che. nanAmI chUpI ko, biyAbAnamAM ke paravatanI DhaLatI taLeTI upara game kotare, tuja khudamAnamAM phakta be ja bolo "ilAhI zukara" " sa | (malabArI kAvyaratno, pR. 276) kavinAM kAvyano saMgraha "malabArInAM kAvya-ratno' nAme prakAzita thayo che. snehasaMbaMdhI' mAM "eka ghAyala hRdayanI strIno vilApa ane aMta mAM svajana priyajananA mRtyune kAraNe AghAta pAmelI strIno hRdayadrAvaka vilApa rajU thayo che. kavi kahe che priyajananA AnaMda ane moja kALa sahI zakato nathI. to bIjAM eka kAvyamAM "patnInA maraNathI eka yuvAna patino vilApa' varNavAyo che. jemAM patnInA avasAne jagata jIvana niHsAra thayA anubhavatA patinI vedanAne kavie vAcA ApI che. "patinA maraNathI eka yuvAna patnIno vilApa' kAvyamAM pharI ekavAra svajananA mRtyue bebAkaLI banelI nArInI vyathAne kavie vAcA ApI che. garama aMgArA jevAM AMsu nevAnI jema vahI jatA hovAnuM kavie kapyuM che. jamarAjAe potAnA prANasamA patine harIne, potAnA ja prANane harI lIdhAno e anubhava kare che. suMdarame jene eka suMdara aviratakAvya' tarIke oLakhAvyuM che e " vilsanaviraha' I.sa. 1878 mAM kavinA mitranA mRtyu nimitte lakhAyeluM AghAtajanaka karuNa kAvya che. vilsananA jIvana tathA tenA maraNanuM varNana sAdhAraNa che. paNa vilsananA jIvanano eka karuNa prasaMga A kAvyanuM uttama aMga banI jAya che, ne te vilsananI patnInA mRtyuno P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 82 prasaMga. jene suMdarame A gALAnI UMcA sthAnanI kRtimAM besI zake evo kAvyamaya', gaNAvyo che. kavi malabArI potAnA A kAvyane "tIvra kalpanAsahita, madhura karuNarasa pAtuM' gaNAve che. vilsananAM patnI mArgareTa vahelAM avasAna pAme che. baMnenuM atUTa sukha yama na sAMkhI zakyAnuM kavi kahe che. patnIno AtmA udvigna patine jANe dilAso Apato hoya evI kalpanA kavie karI che. patnI viyoge jhUratuM haiyuM pokArI UThe che. "cakora huM caMdA vina jIvuM kema jo" rara "hRdayarudana mAM patino vilApa batAvAyo che. vilsanaviraha' nuM kAvya vilsananA mRtyunuM hovA chatAM, vadhu bhAga to emanAM patnInA avasAna aMge temane thayelA paritApanA varNanamAM rokAyo che. skoTalenDa gayA pachI varasamAM pAchA phare che ne potAnI prANapriya priyA jyAM zAzvata nidrAmAM poDhI che, tyAM potAnuM bAkI raheluM AyuSya vItAve che. (pAMca dIvALI) vilsana mRtyu pAmyA pachInA emanA dekhAvanuM varNana kavi A pramANe kare che. "kaMcanakAyA jheha, zarIra saravarasama kIdhuM A phiE pILuM eka, vakra bIjuM karI dIdhuM 23 yamarAjane kavi dAruNa kahe che. mRtyu para karuNa Akroza ThAlavatAM teo kahe che. "vIra to sIdhAryA svargamAM ( tuM laMDaLathI zuM thAya ?" 24 kavi malabArI mitra vilsananA mRtyuthI atyaMta khinna thayA. jANe hRdaya pachaDAIne mUcha pAmyuM. pathArI AMsudhAre bhIMjAI. mitravirahe kavihRdaya karamAyuM. - lorDa meyonI katala kAvyamAM 'hAkama UDyo re ApaNo' thI zarU karI lorDa meyonI guNaprazasti gAI che. meyonuM mRtyu kudaratI na hovAthI dezanA e kalaMkanuM duHkha kavine vizeSa hatuM. kavi bhavAnIzaMkara narasiMharAvane suMdaram, narmadanA anuyAyIomAM ThIkaThIka tejasvI lekhaka tarIke oLakhAve che. kavi bhavAnIzaMkare 1876 mAM 9 mI eprile "phArbasaviraha' nI Dhabe "kRSNaviraha' nAmanuM karasanadAsa mULajInA avasAna nimitte kAvya lakhyuM. (1832 mAM 15mI julAIe janmelA sudhArAnA AgevAna ane "satyaprakAza nA adhipati karasanadAsa mULajInuM avasAna 1871-28 mI ogasTane divase savAre nava vAgye thayuM. zarUnA doharAmAM dIlagIrI nahIM dharavA ane dhIraja rAkhavA sajjanone temaNe upadeza Apyo che. "vRttimya bhAvAbhAsa' no upayoga karI teoe karasanadAsanA mRtyu saMdarbhe pazupaMkhI paNa stabdha thayAno ullekha karyo. - pazupaMkhIe jhUravA mAMDyuM chAMDayuM caratAM ghAsa cakalAe cAro to mukha caratA, dIlagIrIthI udAra" ra5 (1). karasanadAsanA mRtyuthI zaheramAM timira chavAyAnI vAta karatA A kavi poteya AghAtamAM Arta pokAra kare che. * P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 83 "vidyArthabha tUTIne paDIo hIro hAthamAMthI re chaLIo" (pa) "zoka niraMtara, aMtara bhItara mitra vinA nathI AMkha TharatI" " (6) kavine to emanA avasAnane lIdhe bhogAvAnAM nIra paNa dhImAM thaI gayelAM lAge che. koyalanA zora kaThora lAge che. badhA mahinAnA varNana sAthe teo zokabhAvane sAMkaLe che. gAruDInA khela jevA svapna-vata jagata mATe kavi "duHkhadAyaka velanuM vizeSaNa vApare che. dalapatarAmanA aMgata ziSya kAzIzaMkara davee "narmadaviraha' (1896) tathA "dalapataviraha vilApa' racyAM. (1898) - kavi kahe che 1896 phebruArInI pacIsamI tArIkhe AryabhUminA mahAnavIra kavirAja narmadAzaMkare A mAyAvI duniyA choDI paraloke gamana karyuM. A kAvyanuM sarjana "kavicarita' tathA 'narmadaviraha' evA be bhAgamAM karyuM che. "kavicarita' (gadya) pAnuM-21 mAM kavi noMdhe re amulyaratna, jene A AryabhUmino bIjo kohinUra kahIe chIe tene AryabhUminA uchaMgamAMthI re duSTa kALayavana jhaDapI gayo che. marNasamaye kavi narmadanI uMmara trepana varSa pAMca mAsa ne bAra divasanI hatI. narmadanA avasAne samagra duniyA kavine duHkharUpa bhAsI, pazupaMkhI, prakRti sau narmadanA avasAne duHkhI thayAnuM kavi kahe che. "kavitAnA savitAno asta thayo che' evuM lakhatAM kavino hAtha dhrUje che. maravAnI anivAryatA tathA emAMthI nAsI chUTAya evI koI jagyA na hovAnI vAstaviktA tarapha paNa dhyAna dore che. narmada jatAM jANe surata kahe che, mAre zaNagAra nAzI gayo | muMbaI kahe che mAro zoka bharapura che." (pR. 57). A ja kavi eTale ke bhavAnIzaMkara narasiMharAva dalapatarAmanA mRtyunimitte dalapativirahavilApa' nAmanuM avasAnakAvya racyuM che. "aNadhAryo, aNaciMtavyo, ApoApa hRdaya vadhIne "dalapatavirahavilApa" vAdhyo hovAnuM kavie noMdhyuM che. gujarAtano e guru jatAM gujarAtanuM zuM nathI gayuM ?" vidyAno sAgara ne jJAnano bhaMDAra gayo anubhavano aMbAra, jaga choDI" 28 (pR. 3) dalapatarAma jatAM pAMjarAne toDI kavitAno prANa cAlI gayAnuM kavi kahe che. gujarAtanI kAvyapratibhA jagatamAMthI lupta thaI hovAnuM kavi anubhave che. jaganA tana ane mana kavinA avasAne tapta thayAnuM kavi lakhe che. baMdhana A vizvanA, te badhAMne vidArIne kAvyapuSpavATikAno, zANo to zrImALI gayo" 29 (pR. 8) kavi kahe che "dalapatarAma jatAM vizvane viyoga ne svargane saMyoga thaze." svajano ane mitrone zoka saharAnA raNathI sahasragaNo sakhata banI tanamanane saMtApe che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 84 dalapata jatAM "are rasa ATha Aje to karuNanuM rUpa pAmyA che." 30 (pR. 12) Ama A kAvyamAM kavi dalapatarAmanuM guNadarzana tathA emanA avasAna nimitte emane thayelA AghAtanuM tathA duHkhanuM varNana kare che. DAkoranA upAdhyAya nAraNajI lakSmIrAme paNa kavIzvara dalapatarAma DAhyAbhAInA svargavAsa viSe "dalapataviraha' nAmanuM zokakAvya saM. 1954 sane 1898 mAM racyuM. kavi kahe che dalapatarAmanA avasAnano moTo kArI dhA dezane lAgyo hato. jo ke AtmAnI amaratAmAM kavi vizvAsa dharAve che. tethI to kahe che. acaLa amara kIrti, emanI to rahI nathI saMzaya emAM phakta kAyA gaI che." 3" (pR. 6) dalapatarAma jatAM jANe bhANa asta thayAnI lAgaNI A kavi anubhave che. kavezvara' javAthI teonA manamAM zokano thoka vaLyo che.... AMkhamAMthI daDadaDa AMsu sare che. saddagata kavinI beThakanAM sthAno temanA gayA pachI khAvA dhAtAM hovAnuM kavi anubhave che. karuNa vilApa karatAM kavi lakhe che. kamaLa sUraja cakora caMdrane jema bapaiyA meha tema huM tamane, dIlathI cAhuM chuM manamAM rAkhI sneha" 32 (pR. 11). sana 1898 nI mArcanI paccIsamIe kavie svargavAsa karyo. chelle kavi dalapatarAmanA mRtyu prasaMgane IzvarAdhIna mAnI mAnavanI nirUpAyatA vyakta kare che. kaccha aMjAramAM vasatA luhANAnA bAroTa ayAci kavi lAdhArAma vizrAma raghuvaMzIe 187ra mAM haMsaviraha' haMsarAja karamasI je. pI. nA svargavAsanuM "phArbasaviraha' nI DhabanuM kAvya lakhyuM che. kavi sadagatanI vigata noMdhe che. zeTha haMsarAja karamasIe vikrama saMvata 19ra7 nA aSADha vada budhanI rAtrie bAra upara eka vAgatAM A duniyA choDIne svargavAsa karyo. temano janma vikrama saMvata 1899 nA mAgazara vada budhano. zarUmAM kavi zeTha haMsarAjanA janma ane vividha vidyAbhyAsa tathA kAryanipuNatAno nirdeza kare che. teoe bhASA, vaidaka tathA vyAkaraNazAstrano paNa abhyAsa karyo hato. "mAtudehAMta same mukha bolIyA pALavA te paramANa AThamAsanA aMtarAye gayA mA pAse matinA khANa" (pR. 6) A kavie paNa emanI kavitAmAM vRttimaya bhAvAbhAsano viniyoga karyo che. "je jhADa chAMye gayA haze roze te tarUnA jhuMDa" 34 (pR. 7) kavi kahe che zeTha aThAvIsa varSa ja jIvyA, paNa thoDI uMmaramAM jazakAryo teoe bahu karyA. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 85 mAnasarovara haMsa hato te pocyo zrI prabhunI pAsa" 35 (pR. 8) kavi vAraMvAra zeThanA mRtyu aMge vidhAtAno doSa kADhe che. haMsarAjane kavi "snehataNo siMdhu' kahe che. "pyArA tArI prIta, visare nahIM visAratAM * (pR. 32) kavine ziyALAno nAno divasa paNa haMsaviraha lAMbo lAge che. suta raDI kahe vAta te kyAMya re gayA Avo gotI re 3 (haMsaviraha) vacce marasiyA jevI racanA paNa kavi laI Ave che. sUnA tama vinA baMgalA bAga re ja te AganI jevA re kIdhAM ocIMtA e pariANa re na jANatA ko evuM re(pR. 11) karuNa anubhavane sIdhI paNa soMsaravI vANImAM kavi vAcA Ape che. avalI vidhAtAe avaDuM dIdhuM prItamAM pADyuM bhaMga viSe bhaga haMza amAro uDI gayo, have keno kariye saMga jAjuM kahIne kene dekhADuM jonAro gayo paradeza parabhUmino pyAra karI jene avaDAM kIdhAM veza 39 (pR. 71) mRtyu pachInA dezane paradeza tathA "parabhUmi kavie kahyAM che. narmadarItinA nAnA moTA lekhakomAM madhuvacharAma baLavacharAmanA "suvAsikA' (1888) kAvyane suMdarame ghaNI rIte mahattvanuM gaNAvyuM che. kavie A kAvyamAM "prema ane mRtyu' nA tattvajJAnane eka sAthe mUkyuM che. prema ane vedanA, prema ane mRtyuno saMbaMdha ahIM nirUpAyo che. pativratA nArIne harI jatA yamane kavi "duSTa' kahe che. nAyaka, patnInI yAda ApatI putrInI chabI nihALI rahe che. bIjIvAra lagna kare che. dIkarIne bAjumAM rahetI eka vidhavAnA kusuma nAmanA putra sAthe prIta baMdhAya che. suvAsikAnA lagnanI vAta sAMbhaLI kusuma vyathA pAme che. gAma choDatAM pahelAM gAmane pAdara AvI mukAma kare che. sakhInI daramyAnagIrIthI banne maLe che. suvAsikA kusuma zabda uccAratA gaLagaLI thaI jAya che. kSamA mAge che AMkhamAMthI azrudhAra vahe che. suvAsikA ghera pahoMce che. saMtApa vadhato anubhave che. pati aneka upacAro kare che. paNa e to vadhune vadhu kSINa thatI jAya che. suvAsikA mRtyu pAme che. ne snehIjana kalpAMta kare che. kusuma potAnI hRdayavyathA koIne kaheto nathI. rAtre guruziSya sUI jAya che. prabhAte ziSya gurune nahi jotAM puSpano puMja nihALe che. cakita bane che. namana karI hetapUrvaka puSpane mastake aDADe che. zoka vyathita citte P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 86 tyAMthI javA lAge che. choTAlAla sevakarAme lADakI bahena lIlAvatInA mRtyu nimitte "sau lADakI bahena (lIlAvatI) viraha' (1902) nAmanuM zoka-kAvya lakhyuM che. e zokodgAra nimitte suMdara mRtyu ciMtana paNa ahIM rajU thayuM che. "lIlAvatIviraha' kAvya lalitachaMdamAM racAyuM che. devonI amaratA ane mAnavanI maryatA vize kavi phariyAda kare che. atyArasudhI manane je je rIjhavatuM hatuM e ja Aja vyathA janmAve che. "anurAga UThI gayo rasa to rIsAI gayo vyApi rahyo romaroma vizeSa viSAda che." ("lIlAvatIviraha' 10) mAtApitAnI hayAtImAM nAnI uMmaranAM saMtAna avasAna pAme, e kaSTa asahya che. vAcharaDuM marI jatAM AMsu sAratI gAya pIDAno pokAra kare, mRgalAMnAM ToLAMmAMthI eka mRtyu pAmatAM bane tema svajananA mRtyue sagAMo vyathita bane che. jo bhekha dharavAthI zokanuM samAdhAna thatuM hoya to, verAna vanamAM vAsa karavA paNa kavi taiyAra che. kavi kahe che sau ApavItI jANe che. anyanI nahi. mRtyu mAnavIne mAthe janmathIja saMkaLAyeluM che, mATe kleza TALavo, evo bodha Apavo sahelo che, pALavo kaThaNa. saM. 1957, poSa suda bArasa budhavAra kALe nAkhI jALa, jIva lIdho bahena lADakIno" 45 (pAnuM 37). kavi karuNa Akroza tathA vedanA vyakta karatAM kahe che loko ane zAstro paraloka paradhAmanI vAto kare che. paNa enuM pUruM ThAma ThekANuM koI ApatA nathI. lAgaNInI svAbhAviktA ane saccAIne kAraNe vANI nItaryA nIra jevI kyAreka vahI Ave che. "akhUTa nIra A khUTsa nAkhUTe jharaNa zokanAM jUjavAM phUTe 42 (pAnuM 87) kavinA hRdayamAM kaSTa ane paritApano jaLanidhi bharyo che. janma jIvana ane maraNanI AkhI ramata Izvare potAnA hAthamAM rAkhyAnuM kavi kabUle che. bhaginI-premanA kAvya tarIke gujarAtI kavitAmAM prathama kAvya tarIke gaNAvatAM suMdaram A kAvyane 'virahakAvya' tarIke paNa eTalIja agatya Ape che. teo lakhe che temAM AveluM jIvana ane mRtyunA rahasyanuM ciMtana tene elegy nI koTimAM paNa besADe tevuM che' (A. ke. suMdaram 107) "kAvyano sauthI uttama bhAga bahenanA saMbhAraNAno che" bhAvanI saccAI ApoApa kaLAmaya udgAro laI Ave che. benanA keTalAMka suMdara zabdacitro paNa AmAM che. - narmada pachInA ne paMDitayuganA pahelAnAM keTalAMka kavioe paNa narmada temaja dalapatarItinA zokakAvyo ApyAM che. zukla nathurAma suMdarajIe porabaMdaranA rANA bhAvasiMhajInA mRtyuno zoka gAtuM "bhAvavirahabAvanI' nAmanuM kAvya 1902 mAM lakhyuM. je 1908 mAM chapAyuM. mahArANAnuM avasAna thatAM prakAza vinA dizAo paNa jhAMkhI paDI gayAno nirdeza kavi kare che. rANA bhAvasiMha jatAM prasiddha porabaMdaranuM rUpa jhaMkhavAI gayAnuM kavi kahe che. kavi viyogane vyAdhithI paNa vadhu tIkSNa gaNAve che. kavi kahe che "bhAvasiMhajI jatAM manorathanAM maMDapa tUTI paDyA'. laheranI latAo sAthe sUkAyAM sukhonA vRkSa. AnaMdano bAga ujjaDa thaI gayAnuM ne manohara mArga zUnya banI gayAnuM kavi kahe che. "AnaMdanA P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 87 avasara' samA bhAvasiMhajI jatAM kavine eTalo to AghAta lAge che ke azrunAM pUra evAM to relAya che, ke sAte vAridhi jANe neNamAM vasyAM na hoya ! A kAvyamAM kyAreka enI e paMktio saheja zabdaphera sAthe AvatAM punarAvartana doSa thAya che. ziyALAno samaya chatAM vyAdhirUpa vAdaLa dhasI AvyAM che. nakkI amArAM nayanamAM . - varSARtu AvI vasI" 43 (pR. 16) pelo zoka ziyALAmAMya grIkhano anubhava karAve che. nathurAmanA ziSya bAroTa kezavalAla zyAmajIe "bhAvavirahaSoDazI' lakhI. jemAM rANAnA rUpane ravi sAthe ne porabaMdaranI prajAne padma sAthe sarakhAvI che. AdhAra alaga thatAM duHkhadariye jANe teo DUbI mare che. pIDAno pAra nathI. zokane kAvyamAM zI rIte varNavavo enI mUMjhavaNa che. zeTha vallabhadAsa popaTe saMvata 1936 sana 1880 mAM mahuvAnA prakhyAta mahetAjI mAhezvara icchArAmanA svargavAsathI thayela AghAtanA saMdarbhamAM "mAhezvaraviraha' kAvya lakhyuM. mahuvAnA lokapriya mahetAjI mAhezvara icchArAmano svargavAsa tA. 4 thI phebruArI 1879 ekAdazIne maMgaLavAre thayo. A mAyALu mahetAjInA nAnI vaye acAnaka thayelA maraNathI kavinA aMtaHkaraNamAM atizaya asara thatAM A karuNa-rasamaya laghugraMtha racAyo. mAhezvara icchArAmano svargavAsa thatAM kavi kahe che, "AnaMda AdItya Aja Athamyo jaNAya che' mAhezvaranA mRtyu nimitte thayelo zoka kyAreka marasiyAnI jema sAva sIdhI sAdI vANImAM vahe che. "maraNa ApanuM sagha sAMbhaLI hRdaya rAta dI jAya che baLI zarIramAM badhe lAgI lAya re guNi gurU gayA hAya hAya re ja (pR. 12) sadgatanI sAthe kavino svapnamAM saMvAda cAle che. barake toya te nA UbhA rahyA pakaDavA uThyo turta tyAhare' (pR. 16). kavinA mRdu haiyAmAM mAhezvaranA mRtyuthI UMDo ghA paDyo che. jevI rIte pAgala mANasa sudhabudha visarIne vikaLa thaI phare tema kavi paNa bahAvarA bahAvarA phare che. 'chaNa chaNa chaNa bALe chApa chAtI chapANI 1 gurU gurU gurU boluM netramAM pUrNa pANI' (18) saMsArane kSaNabhaMgura ane sukhaduHkha pradhAna gaNavA chatAM manamAMthI mAhezvaranA mRtyuno vicAra jato nathI. kyAreka AtmalakSitAno atireka bhAvone kAvyatvanI koTie pahoMcADI zakato nathI. adhika upAya karavAM chatAM kavinuM AMtaraduHkha jatuM nathI. Ama to sau koI jANe che ke vyaktinA mRtyu pachI koI ene maLI na zake ke na e koIne, chatAM eka jhaMkhanA rUpe kavi kahe che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 88 "maLavA mATe Avo malapatA olavo aMtaradAjha 7 (pR. 33) azrudhAra thaMbhatI nathI. kavi kahe che. AMkho amArI oDe gaI re tyAMya AMsUnI dhAra' 8 (pR. 34) bhAvavAhitA hRdayasparzI che. mAhezvare jANe mRtyu sAmethI mAgI lIdhuM hoya ema lAge che. kavine AkhuM gAma smazAna jevuM lAge che. mAhezvarano sneha visarI zakAto nathI. kyAMka kyAMka thoDA bhAva sabhara camakAra jovA maLe che. otha amArI Aja gaI re lIlA - viraha vazaMbho thAya mana amAre mALavo tuTyo kIdho kALo kera 9 (pR. 41) kavinA cittamAM jhaDa jhaDa jvALA UThe che. bhAre bhayaMkara bhekha dharIne rUe nitya nizALa" kavi kahe che, "prIta pramANe pIDA ne sneha pramANe zoka thavAno che (pR. 41) ne "Akhara saghaLuM phoka' kahI jagata, jIvananI nisAratAno nirdeza karI mAhezvaranI yAda sAthe bahu baLatI chAtInI vyathAnI abhivyakti sAthe kAvya pUruM kare che. zeTha vallabhadAsa popaTane kavi suMdaram e gALAnA eka svataMtra vicAranA utsAhI ane jozIlA kavi tarIke oLakhAve che. kavi AnaMdajI lavajI lAkhANIe jhaMDu bhaTTajIne zraddhAMjali ApatAM "jhaMDaviraha kAvyanI racanA karI che. jenuM arpaNa paNa teoe sadgata jhaMDu bhaTTajIne ja karyuM che. dezI auSadhiothI avanavI sukhaprada zodho zodhIne prAcIna Aryadharma zAstrarUpI udadhimAMthI amRtatulya auSadhopacAra upajAvI dezanA moTA bhAganI prajA upara agaNita upakAra karavAmAM jiMdagIno saghaLo bhAga vyatIta karI saDasaTha varSanI vaye avasAna pAme che. e viyogaduHkhe kavi lAkhANInuM premabhaktivaza hRdaya cIrAya che. kavi kahe che "sunI sadya caeN che daze to dizAo ravi zoka abhra arere chavAyo' 55 ('jhaMDaviraha' pAnuM-4). jhaMDu bhaTTajI svarge jatAM saritA vadhu zoka-magna banI. jhaMDu jatAM vaidakavidyAnuM kharuM nUra ane zUra gayAnuM kavi kahe che. jhaMDu bhaTTajI jatAM nirAzritono Azraya, dharmanuM pAtra, dInaduHkhIyAonI dayA, dezI vaidavidyAnuM vIratva, vivekavaza TekabharI vRtti, utsAhI umaMgIonAM dalaDAM - A badhuM jANe ke cAlyuM gayuM che. jhaMDu bhaTTane kavi kAThiyAvADanuM kalpavRkSa, jhAlAvADano anupama javAhara, gurjara prAMtano jJAnI, bhArata varSano bhaDa vIra, bherU, vaidavidyAno sukAnI' gaNAve che. vIsa divasamAM pAcho AvuM chuM" kahI naDiyAda gayelA jhaMDu bhaTTajI parabhAryA svarge paravaryA - pachI zokanI avadhi batAvatAM kavi kahe che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 89 tanaDuM tapAyuM tApamAM dilaDuM duHkhamAM dilagIra karUNA varasAvI vizvamAM Ama karavuM no'tuM karuNeza" pa2 ('jhaMDaviraha' 19) pArasI kavi manasukha maMcarajI kAvasajI zA-purajIe "gaMjanAha' nAmanI kRti racI che. emAM mUkelo soharAba ane rUstamanA zAhanAmAmAMno prasaMga, suMdaram kAvya-guNavALo gaNAve che. rasa ane Avega chUpA rahetAM nathI. ? (a. ka. su. pAnuM 134) ("gaMjanAha' pRSTha-25) nA karaNane kavi suMdarame potAnA pustakamAM noMdhyo che. hAyere.... e beTA, hAyere soharAba hAyere.... e mAenA khuda mananI murAda hAyere.... dIkarA delAvara dalera hAyere.... laDAInA medAnanA zera, e sorAba saguNI ane dIkarA sabhAga e keraANInI tokhamanI rozana cerAga e mAenI haI AtI ne khuzInA dama tuM vagara koNa pAse muja duHkhanI gama e "samanagAna' nA subA e surAsugana tuM vagara thaI mArI surAruM jaMdagI jabuna 54 suMdarame bIjA agatyanA kavi jAMbulI rUzatamanA "zAdhAraNakavitA' mAnA eka suMdara kAvyanI karuNa paMktio (putramRtyu aMgenI) "arvAcIna kavitA' mAM noMdhI che je kavinA dardane bahu kaLAmaya rIte rajU kare che. 're hazato ne ramato tuM Ae te zuM ? re nAhazato ne bhAgato tuM gaeo te zuM ? eka divasamAM zuM joI duniyAnI majAha zuM joI te nItine zuM joI lajA ? re potAnI umedanA phUlavaMta jahADa ekAeka zuM AvI re jemanI dhADa' 25 'sudhArakayuganI gujarAtI bhASA haju vikAsanI dizAmAM prathama pagaluM hatI. tethI bhASAkIya aNIzuddhatAno Agraha A yuganA sarjako pAse rAkhavo e vadhAre paDatuM che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 90 sudhArakayuga - ane mRtyaciMtana mRtyu eka vAstavikatA tathA mRtyunI bhayAnaktA kavi dalapatarAma "motavize kAvyamAM motanI nizcitatA batAvatAM kahe che maMdira, mALiyA, gokha, meDI, bAga bagIcA, peDhI, tajI smazAne sukA kASTramAM saue eka divasa vAsa karavAno che. ne e mota koI jAtanA kAgaLa ke saMdezA vinA ekadama Avaze. kheda karIe ke na karIe mota koIneya melatuM nathI e vAta kavi bhArapUrvaka vyakta kare che. khAtA bhojana bhAvatAM rAtA mAtA rUpa jAtA joyA jamapura, bhAtA viNa bahu bhUpa" pas ('mota vize pAnuM 86, da. kA. bhA. 1) "svadezavAtsalyakaLA kauzalya' nAmanA bIjA prakaraNamAM garuDapurANa aMga' mAM kavi mRtyunI vAstaviktAno nirdeza kare che. janme tyAMthI jANavuM eka divasa maranAra rahyA na rAjA raMka ko, zodhi juo saMsAra" para (da. kA. bhA. 2 prakaraNa 2 pAnuM 8) A ja kAvyamAM jamadUtanuM varNana karatAM kavi jamadUtanI bhayaMkara bhrakUTi, musaLa jevA dAMtano nirdeza karI jaNAve che ke ene jotAM ja jIvane tarata trAsa upaje che. nevuM hajAra jojana dakSiNa dizAmAM jamapurIno rasto kapyo che. jyAM pahoMcatAM traNasosATha divasa thAya. "A duniyAmAM koI rahevAnuM nathI viSe' kAvyamAM vikrama rAjAbhoja tathA bIjA aneka vIronAM mRtyuno nirdeza che. kavi kahe che sAthe kazuM navaTAMka paNa nahi Ave. mRtyu koIneya choDatuM nathI. ema kahI kavi mRtyunI sarvoparitAno ullekha kare che. kavi narmada "narmakavitA' bhAga-1 nA vidhavAgheha mAM mRtyu vizenuM ciMtana rajU karatAM kahe che. navamAsa gaMdA udaramAM pasAra karyA pachI pAmara jIva, janmathI mota lagI jJAnaprakAza joI zakato nathI. ne satata bhavapAzamAM baMdhAto rahe che, e vAta paNa karI che. mRtyu pAchaLanI rokakaLane teo nirarthaka gaNAve che, eka sthaLe narmada mRtyu pAmelI vyaktinuM vedhaka nirupaNa karyuM che. "phATi AMkha ne heDe phINa bahu dAMto to bIDalA kuvA peTamAM, hADa jaNAtA zI A hArI velA" ("narmakavitA' bhAga-ra pAnuM 697) nItisaMbaMdhI' kAvyamAM kavi mRtaka mATe kalpAMta karanArane svArthI gaNAve che. mRtyunI anivAryatAno nirdeza karatAM kavi kahe che. "sAMja paDe ne vAhA phUla ko khIle biDAe re dareka ghaTaghaTa nAza joe jaga A ghaTamALa nANe re" pa9 (nItisaMbaMdhI narmakavitA. bhAga. 2 pAnuM. 694) P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 91 eno pachI zoka zo karavo ? "navakarazo koI zoka' mAM mRtyunA vAstavano nirdeza karatAM kavi kahe che. "jagatanIma che, jananamaraNano. - daDha hajo hiMmatathI" 0 (pAnuM. 97) narmakavitA-1 kavi malabArI, vyaktinuM maraNa thatAM jIva ane kAyA vaccenA saMvAdanI kalpanA saraLa chatAM kAvyamaya zailImAM rajU kare che. vilsanaviraha' mAM vilsananI mRtyu pahelAMnI sthitinuM varNana "ghaDapaNanI kUca' mAM kavi kahe che. vilsana motathI DaratA na hatA. vaMdarAja jayAre "mota nahi Ave moDuM' ema kahe che tyAre teo hiMmata hAratA nathI. "mArI yamane lAta uDyo vilsana siMha jevo" 1 (39) "vilsanaviraha' "rudana karatA mitrone zikhAmaNa' kAvyamAM kavie, vilsana emanA mitrone, svajanone dilAso ApatA hoya evI kalpanA karI che. kavi malabArIe nItisaMbaMdhI kAvyomAM paNa mRtyaciMtana pragaTa karyuM che. - "AyakhuM kararara bhusa, baLI bhasma thaze' nI vAta karatA kavi "kAlano bharoso nathI mAM "kAla kALa laI Avaze' nA satyane pragaTa kare che. sarvatra phelAyelI yamarAjanI AvanuM varNana kavie "mota' nAmanA kAvyamAM karyuM che. koI paththaranA killAmAM vase, ne loDhAnAM dvAra vAsI chupAI jAya to tyAMya peluM saMtAI raheluM mota saune joyA karatuM hoya che. maraNathI bInArane mRtyunuM vAstava darzana karAvatAM ene "mUrakha' gaNAve che. ("maravAthI zuM biha?")" jIvatuM maraze, mUvuM jIvaze. sRSTi niyamanIti ekara (110) mAM janmamaraNa-cakranI vAta kavi kare che. kAyAnA astitvane ja roga kahenAra A kavi enA eka mAtra upAya tarIke "maraNa ne gaNAve che. te "kAyA eja kahuM roga kAramo maraNa ja teno upAya" (pR. 112 "nItisaMbaMdhI kAvyo) "saMsAranI vicitratA' vibhAgamAM jIva ane jama vaccenuM yuddha' kAvyamAM mAthA para kALane dhAraNa karIne ja janmatA mAnavanI vAta sanAtana satyanuM uccAraNa kare che. kavi kahe che. "sauno zvAsa yama pAse che." (pR. 205) mota mukha sAme AvI durakatuM hovAnI vAta kavi kahe che. "jIva pherA phare, sthira te nA Thare' mAM punarapi jananaM, punarapi maravuM no sUra saMbhaLAya che. "jama sAthe jatI veLA jIvanI kAyAne dhamakI' kAvyamAM kavi malabArI kAyAnA mohamAM phasAI yamarAjAne bhUlI gayAno jIva ekarAra karato batAve che ane kAyA jamane jIva soMpavA taiyAra thAya che. tethI kAyAne Thapako ApavAmAM Avyo che. kAyAne kALajhApaTathI cetavavAnuM kahevAmAM AvyuM che. jema siMha othe rahI ociMto dekhAya tema mota pUchyA vinA pAchaLathI khAvA dhAya che." t" | ('prabhunI bhakti pR. 215) prabhuprArthanA' mAM aMtasamaye yama saMgAthe dhIrajathI bAtha bhIDavAnuM sUcana karavAmAM AvyuM che. jamathI DaryA vinA harimAM zamI javAnuM paNa kahevAyuM che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 92 kavi bhavAnIzaMkara narasiMharAve paNa temanA "kRSNaviraha' kAvyamAM maraNanI anivAryatAno saMdarbha gUMcyo che. teo kahe che. "maraNa sarvane zIra che. teno zoka na hoya" ("kRSNaviraha' pAnuM 15) kAzIzaMkara mULazaMkara dave 'narmadaviraha' mAM mANasano pIcho karatA mRtyunI anivAryatA mATe kahe che. "maraNa nahIM mUkanAra sAta pAtALe paiso - maraNa nahIM mUkanAra deva DerAmAM beso maraNa nahIM mUkanAra kALa che jIvano pAjI" " kavi ahIM kALane "pAjI' kahe che. - dalapatarAmanA avasAna nimitte upAdhyAya nAraNajI lakSmIrAme lakhelA "dalapataviraha' nAmanA zokakAvyamAM paNa mRtyunA varcasva vize kavi kahe che. "jarIka vAramAM mRtyue grahyo arara, zIdhra o, kyAM kavi gayo?" (dalapataviraha' pAnuM 8) to bIjI bAju Aja kavie mAnavanI nirAdhArI ane mRtyuno vijaya ullekhyo che. kAvyane aMte dalapatarAmanA mRtyuprasaMgane IzvarAdhIna mAnI mAnavanI nirUpAyatA vyakta karI che. mi kaccha aMjAranA luhANAnA bAroTaayAci kavi lAdhArAma vizrAma raghuvaMzIe haMsaviraha mAM mRtyunI nizcitatA "mana vALavA vize' kAvyamAM vyakta karI che. "huM to vArI re, suMdara zyAma tArA laTakAne' e rAgamAM mRtyunI anivAryatA kavie sArI gUMthI che. "re caMcala thaI mana ceta A jaga jAvAnuM" " (pR. para). "zrImaMto e vATa sidhAvyA lIdhI jame na laMca (lAMca)" (pR. 53). "khAte khojI lIdhA nA lakSaNavaMtA loko ema ja hetu haMza, gayAno samajI taja mana zoka re" (pR. 24). koI pAMce, pacAze, zo sAThe, eMzI ke nevuM ekANuMe paNa jAya to kharo ja - "jabhyo jAya'). choTAlAla sevakarAme potAnI lADakI bahena lIlAvatInA mRtyu nimitte lakhela "sau lADakI bahena viraha' (1902) nAmanA zokakAvyamAM bahenanA mRtyusaMdarbhe gUDha praznonI hAramALA ciMtanarUpe vyakta karI che. sthULanA vinAzanI, jIva tathA enI gatinI, enAM sukhadu:khanI, eka zarIra tajI anyamAM e praveza kare che? vagere praznonI vaNajhAra kavicitte P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 93 prasare che. mRtyuciMtana rajU karatAM kavi kahe che. "piMjaramAM pUrAyeluM paMkhI jema UDI jAya tema kAyA piMjarathI, jIva UDI jAya che." 1 ('lIlAvatI viraha' pAnuM. 42) "deha vinA jIva kevo? jIva vinA deha kevo? nAma ane rUpataNo bhegAbhego nAza che ? ('lIlAvatI viraha' pAnuM. 45) koI kahe jIva mare, koI kahe jI kAyA mare kharekharuM koNa mare ? koNa te batAve che? paMcabhUta bhegAM maLI pUtaLuM banyuM che A to chUTAM paDI jAya tyAre kahe jIva jAve che" 03 ("lIlAvatI viraha' pAnuM. pa7) AjanA saMdarbhamAM kyAreka A lAgaNInA ubharA jevuM paNa lAge che. sadgatano zoka karanAra mATe kavi kahe che. "are jIva zAne mATe zokamAM garaka thAya? jene mATe zoka dhare, te to nathI jANatA" * ("lIlAvatI viraha' pAnuM. 71) jenA mATe kheda karIe chIe, viyoganI vyathA dharIe chIe, ene to enI khabara nathI. teo to moha mUkIne gayA che. meLApanI AzA teo pramANatA nathI. kavi kahe che, badhuM zakya che. paNa eka vAta azakya, ne te - "jIva gayA pachI koI nA jAgyuM" zeTha vallabhadAsa popaTe paNa "mAhezvaraviraha mAM saraLa bhASAmAM mRtyaciMtana rajU karyuM che. "cakita kema cho Apa A paLe amara to nathI koI bhUtaLe maraNa pAmiyA raMka rAya re" ja ('mAhezvara viraha' pAnuM. 15) sudhArakayuga mRtyunuM svarUpa mRtyu pAmelI vyaktinuM varNana, smazAna ane citA-varNana narmakavitA' bhA. 2 mAM narmade emanA pitA lAlazaMkaranA mRtyu vize lakhatAM pitAnI mRtyu bAdanI sthiti tathA smazAnamAM emanI citA vize lakhyuM che, bhAI aMte A piMjara jouM lAMbu paDyuM Ama re cho nA dUtA thayA guNagrAma jota jotAmAM re saMvata vIsa ne suda poza mAsa dasema aDhI vAgate P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 94 dIvo ghera gayo khUTe tela na paDI rahI vATa re...." (narmakavitA bhAga-2 pAnuM. 657 "lAlazaMkarabhAe paDavuM') pitAnA mRtyu pachI emanI citA joyA pachI kavinA cittamA paDelA gherA pratyAghAto ahIM varNavelA che. (narmakavitA bhA. 2 pAnuM 658) bhAI bhaDa bhaDa citA zaba thAya, khokhuM e rahe nahIM pAsa re, dehanA tattva bhaLe tattvamAMhi, juThI jaganI Aza re rAte jhAjho, TADho, muMgo zuddha, pasarayo vAyu vAya re evA ekAMtamAM saMskAra dahana kriyA thAya re (lAlazaMkara-citA) lIlo kALo mANe dekhAya te to hADa cAmano, phUla uge khIle cImaLAya | tevuM ja deha phUla A are, caNa caNa karatuM baLI te jAya, kahevAya e hatuM phUla re rAkha nAMkhI dIdhI pANI mAMhya, dATI kakaDI khoparI ghaTasphoTa karI karyuM snAna, lAlazaMkara AvI gayA ja, jagatanIma eTalo narmada ghera vaLyo mUkI zvAsa, kare zoka keTalo ? 7 agnisaMskAra kriyA, smazAnanI ekalatA, bhISaNa vAtAvaraNa, caNa caNa baLatI citA, pANImAM naMkhAtI rAkha, pachI karavAmAM AvatuM snAna vagerenI vigato dazyarUpe jANe vyakta thaI che. kavi malabArIe "nItisaMbaMdhI kAvyomAM mota kayA kayA svarUpe enuM pota prakAze enI vAta karI che. "mota' to sArvatrika che. jamInamAM kara vAsa, tApa paDe TaLavaLaze, jaLamAM jaI kara vAsa, magara thaI mota nIkaLaze AkAze kara vAsa, vAyumAM vAyu maLaze raNamAM jaI kara vAsa, dhULazuM mATImAM bhaLaze" % ('nItisaMbaMdhI kAvyo' pAnuM. 104) choTArAma sevakarAme tenI lADakI bahena lIlAvatInA mRtyu saMdarbhe mRtyunA svarUpanI sarasa kalpanA karI che. mRtyune zAsakarUpe varNavyuM che. svajana mRtyuthI halI UThelA kavino kyAreka Akroza citkAra banI UThe che. . 'rUpa raMga te nava lahe komaLavaMta kaThora mRtyu mana sarakhAM akaLa kayAM mAnavI kyAM Dhora ? - mRtyu - kApaNI karatuM te phare jaMpa nahi dinarAta' 79 kavi choTArAma kahe che "mRtyumAM ravinuM teja nathI chatAM e traNe lokane tapAve che. rUpa, raMga, P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 95 aMga vinA paNa jagatanA jIvane harAve che, kavinI svAnubhUti vicAre che ke mRtyu jevuM koI baLavAna nathI. mRtyunI sarvoparItA vize kavi kahe che mRtyu AgaLa badhI sRSTi raMka banI jAya che. riddhi, siddhi, astrazastra, dravyabhaMDAra badhuMja mRtyu AgaLa vAmaNuM banI jAya che. navakhaMDavasudhAmAM koI cALI na zake evo aMdhArapacheDo mRtyue oDhelo che. killo toDavA jema topano prahAra tema kAyAnA killAnI sAme mRtyuno dhasAro che. zvAsano vinAza thatAM, nATakano aMta Ave | mRtyuno praveza thatAM raMga bhaMga thAya che? 80 ("lIlAvatIviraha' pAnuM-68) sudhArakayuga ane kALanuM varNana AkAza tathA kALa vizenI garabI' mAM kALanA rahasyane vyakta karavAno kavie prayAsa karyo che. baMneno sacarAcaramAM vAsa hovAnuM kavi jaNAve che. (1dalapatakAvya" bhAga1) kAzIzaMkara mULazaMkara davee "kavicarita' (gadya) pAnuM 21 mAM narmadane amUlyaratna, AryabhUminA uchaMgamAMthI upADI lenAra kALane "duSTa yavana' nuM vizeSaNa ApyuM che. kavi kahe che ke "kALa potAno bhakSya levAnuM cUkyo nahIM. kALane kavi kasAI sAthe sarakhAve che. narmadane upADI janAra kALane Thapako ApatAM kavi kahe che. are are kALa karyuM zuM kALuM, samartha huM jai, kyama narma khoLuM" 81 ('narmadaviraha'-36) AvezamAM kALa "jIvano pAjI' hovAnuM kahI nAkhe che. kavi evI kalpanA kare che ke narmadane corIne kALa nAsato phare che. kALane paDakAra pheMkatA A kavi DaratA nathI. kAraNa maravAnuM to ekavAra che. "kALa narmadane pAcho nahi Ape to enuM satyAnAza jaze' ema kavi kahe che. mAtApitAnI hayAtImAM saMtAna vinAza pAme e kaSTanI asahyatAne vyakta karatAM kavi choTAlAla sevakarAme lADakI bahena" "lIlAvatIviraha' mAM kALanuM sarasa varNana karyuM che. mAra mAra karato, phUlI phUlIne pharato kALa kasAInuM kAma kare che. vinA vAMke vipatanAM vAdaLathI vIMTI vasudhAmAM kaSTanA bIjane e vRthA vAve che. mAnavInA manoratha pAra paDe e pahelAM ja raMgamAM bhaMga pADI ene zokasAgare jhaboLe che. kavi AvA kALa mATe AgaLa kahe che. aMdhArapacheDo nAMkhI bhUlamAM bhamAvI mAre, chaLatAthI chetarato dhIMgo tuM dhUtAro che." 2 | ('sau lADakIbahena (lIlAvatI) viraha' pAnuM. 17) kALa zarIranA ane jIvanA saMbaMdhano sAMdho toDI jIvane judo pADI de che. sthULano saMbaMdha toDI haMsa UDI jAya che. pakSIonA mALAmAMthI baccAMne koI upADI le ne te kikaraNa karI mUke, tema svajano du:kha pAme che, khAsa karI mAtApitA AgaLa. kavi kALanuM khUba kAvyamaya zailImAM varNana kare che. "puSpanI kaLImAM jema beTho beTho kITa eka pholI karakolI khAya, kALa tevo jANIe" 83 ('sau lADakIbahena (lIlAvatI) viraha' pAnuM. 45) P.P.AC. Gunratrasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 96 zukla nathurAma suMdarajIe paNa porabaMdaranA rANA bhAvasiMhajInA mRtyuno zoka gAtA 'bhAvavirahabAvanI' mAM kALane phUra lUMTArA tarIke varNavyo che. A kavi kALane "mArjara' kahe che. "gayo kALa mArjara harI rAMka janono roTalo 84 ('bhAvavirahabAvanI' pAnuM 11) to nathurAmanA ziSya bAroTa kezavalAla zyAmajIe rANA bhAvasiMha mATe racelI bhAvavihaSoDazImAM kALane "kabADI sAthe sarakhAvyo che. "jhAjhAM sukhanuM jhADanI chevuM kALa kabADIe" (2 ('bhAvavirahaSoDazI' pAnuM 28) kavi AnaMdajI lavajI lAkhANIe prasiddha auSadhazAstrI jhaMDu bhaTTanA avasAna nimitte lakhelA "jhaMDaviraha' kAvyamAM kALane Thapako ApatAM lakhyuM che. "phaTaya bhUMDA kALa vikarALa kema verI thayo? Akhare AvIne kAmo karyo adekhAIno" 84 | ('jhaMDaviraha' pAnuM 10) kALanI krUratAnuM varNana karatAM kavi kahe che. "paramArathano paMthI vidAryo rogInuM ratna ja roLyuM che soraThano zaNagAra saMhAryo hAlyo hAlArI hIrojI." 87 (jhaMDaviraha' pAnuM. 1rA naThArA kALane kavi lAkhANI kyAreka bALaka sAthe paNa sarakhAve che. ne evA sAva nAnA bALane Ama koIne mRtyu pamADavAno adhikAra vizvabhare kema Apyo haze e samajAtuM nathI. kALane uddezIne kavi kahe che. "vikvaMbharane A vakhate zuM sujhIyuM ke Apyo te arjakane adhikAra 88 ' ('jhaMDaviraha' pAnuM 15) sudhArakayuga - ane mRtyu muktidAtA - maMgala rUpe narmadanA atiprasiddha zokasaMdeza" (narmakavitA' bhA. 2) mAM kavie emanA mRtyusaMbaMdhe zoka na karavA kahyuM che. kAraNa kavi mRtyune muktidAtA gaNAve che. mRtyu pAmatAM jIvanAM duHkha dUra thAya che. jIva sukhI bane che. kavi kahe che. mUo huM tame paNa vaLi marazo mukta thazo jagatamathI" 89 ('narmakavitA' 2. pAnuM. 97) kavi malabArIe "vilsanaviraha mAM mitra vilsananA mRtyu nimitte rajU karelA ciMtanamAM lakhyuM che. "samI sAMja cAra vAgye kALe traNa peTe jIvatadAna mAgyuM, janma, jIvana ane P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 97 maraNa A traNeya emanAM dhanya thayAnuM kavi kahe che." "mahAsukhI tuja maraNa paNa maNAyo' vilsananuM mRtyu eka parama maMgala mahotsava banI rahyuM. sudhArakayuga - prema ane mRtyu ' dalapatarAme "phorbasaviraha mAM kinloka phorbasa' sAthenA snehasmaraNarUpe, aMtaHkaraNanA nehanI pratItirUpe potAnA uddagAro vyakta karyA che. prIta aMte svajana jatAM vyathA ane AghAta ja Ape che. e vAta teoe ahIM vyakta karI che. "mahAroganI rIta prIta vize pratyakSa che. mATe koI na karazo prIta, prIta kare duHkha prANane 90 | ('phorbasaviraha' pAnuM. 32) "malabArInAM kAvyaratno" mAM "snehasaMbaMdhI mAM eka ghAyala hRdayanI strIno vilApa ane aMta svajana priyajananA mRtyune kAraNe AghAta pAmelI strIno hRdayadrAvaka vilApa svajana pratyenA premanuM pratIka che. je prema Ama to aMte karaNamAM paryavasAna pAme che. eja rIte "patnInA maraNathI eka yuvAna patino vilApa' kAvyamAM paNa sadgata patnIne jIvADavAnI AjIjI karato kAvyanAyaka potAne paNa virahatrAsa sahana na thatAM baLatI cehamAM homI devA vinave che. "patinA maraNathI eka yuvAna patnIno vilApa'mAM svajananA mRtyue bebAkaLI banelI nArInI vyathA, "garama aMgArA, AMsudhArA nevA pere jAya." - premanI utkaTatAnuM karuNamAM thatuM paryavasAna che. vilsanaviraha' mAM kavi malabArIe vilsananA mRtyuthI atyaMta khinna thaI AMsudhAre bhIMjAtAM kAvya racyuM. jemAM vilsana ane enI patnInA dAMpatyapremanuM mAMgalya paNa vaNI lIdhuM che. jemAM prema ane mRtyune kavie sAMkaLyA che. tethIja suMdaram noMdhe che, "vilsananA jIvana tathA tenA maraNanuM varNana sAdhAraNa che. paNa vilsananA jIvanano eka karuNa prasaMga "nAyakanAM patnInuM mRtyu ne kavi kAvyanA eka uttama aMga tarIke gaNAve che." 91 AgaLa teo noMdhe che - "kAvyanI ekAgratA nAyakanA mRtyumAM nahi paNa patnInA mRtyuthI nAyakane thatI vedanAmAM sadhAya che." 2 "mananuM svargavAsI strImAM bhaLavuM' kAvyamAM maranAra aMta sudhI potAnI priyAne bhUlyA nathI e batAvAyuM che. premanI parAkASThA saddagata patnIno patra AvyAno bhAsa karAve che. - madhuvacharAma baLavacharAme "suvAsikA' (1888) kAvyamAM "prema ane mRtyu' nA tattvajJAnane eka sAthe mUkyuM che. prema ane vedanA" tathA "prema ane mRtyu no saMbaMdha ahIM nirupAyo che. jemAM premadardanI taDapanavALI bIje paraNAvAI dIdhelI kanyA "suvAsikA'nuM mRtyu thAya che. pariNAme enA premI kusuma' nI akathya hRdayavyathAno nirdeza thayo che. choTAlAla sevakarAme emanI bahena lIlAvatInA mRtyu prasaMge varNavelI vyathA paNa aMte bhAIbahenanA premanuM ja pratIka che. jemAM bahenanA vahAlabharyA vacano have sAMbhaLavA nahi maLe. e vicAre zokajvALAno anubhava kavi kare che. kavine sadUgata bahenanI chabI anekarUpe dekhAya che. jo bhekha dharavAthI zokanuM samAdhAna thatuM hoya to, verAna vanamAM vAsa karavA paNa kavi taiyAra thAya che. kavi AMsunA nIrane avanavuM kahe che. zokanAM e nIra P.P.AC. Gunratnasun M.S. Jun Gun Aaradnak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 98 ayogya che. kavinA hRdayamAM kaSTa ane paritApano jaLanidhi bharyo hovAnuM teo kahe che. "kAvyano sauthI uttama bhAga bahenanAM saMbhAraNAMno che" ema suMdarame noMdhyuM che. sudhArakayugamAM muMbaImAM 1874 mAM thayelA hullaDanAM be kAvyo maLI rahe che. jemAM rAmazaMkara gaurIzaMkaranuM "daragAhI daMgo mAM kavie sabodhaparAyaNatAnA kAvyakALamAM ghaNI hiMmata batAvyAnuM suMdarame nodhyuM che. teo kahe che, "sarasa khumArI ja A kAvyane te yuganI kavitAmAM anokhuM sthAna apAve che. "prema ane mRtyu ahIM judI rIte saMkaLAyelAM che. phAMsIe caDatAM A pAtrone praNayanuM ane jIvananuM sArthakya dekhAya che. baMne jaNa garvathI saMtoSa sAthe mRtyu pAme che. te kahe che - nathI bhogavyo, ne nathI bhogavavAnA javuM joDa sAthe, kaho zoka zAno" 93 (a). premI khAtara dhaNIne mArI nAkhanAra bAI tathA enA premIne phAMsI apAyAnI vAta ahIM che. prema khAtara baMnee mRtyu svIkAryAnI khumArI ahIM che. ja sudhArakayuga - "ajaMlikAvyo dalapatarAme "aMgrejI rAjya prakaraNa mAM garvanara janarala laoNrDa meyonA tA. 8 phebruArI 187ramAM thayelA mRtyusaMdarbhe himAbhAI insTITyuTamAM 15mI phebruArIe bharAyelI sabhA vakhate kavitA karI. jemAM "lorDa meyonI guNastuti karavAmAM AvI che. zubha kAma karanAra A upakArI puruSanI sadgati mATe kavi aMte prArthanA kare che. - "te dUra thayo durakaraNathI, karuM zI kathA te klezanI" 93 (ba) (dalapatakAvya' bhA. 2 pAnuM. 16) - kavi narmada narmakavitA bhAga-2 mAM AlbarTanA avasAna saMdarbhe aMjali ApatAM AlbarTane "dezanA dIvA' tarIke biradAvyA che. jo ke A kAvya kyAMka narI sAmAnyatAmAM sarI paDe che. kavi malabArIe paNa AlbarTane aMjali ApI che. ("nItisaMbaMdhI kAvyo'). jemAM AlbarTanI guNaprazasti gAI che, AlbarTane dezadIpaka tarIke kavie oLakhAvyA che. emanA avasAne samagra prajAne paritApa thayAnuM teoe noMdhyuM che. "surata mizana skUlanA pAdarI DiksananuM mRtyu' kAvyamAM motane dayAnA khUnI, adekhA duSTa duzmana tarIke malabArI varNave che. kavi kahe che DikasananI kadara badhAe karI, paNa kALe na karI to "sva. rustamajI jamazedajI jIjIbhAI' kAvyamAM rustamajIne sUrya tarIke kalpI divya dIpaka tarIke paNa biradAvyA che. kavi kahe che, ene upADI letAM kALane jarAya zarama na AvI? jamaDAM AvuM kArya karI hasatA hoya evuM kavine lAge che. "laoNrDa meyonI katala" kAvyamAM "hAkama uDyo re ApaNo' thI zarU karI laoNrDa meyonI guNaprazasti kavie gAI che. meyonuM mRtyu kudaratI na hovAthI e kalaMkanuM duHkha kavine vizeSa che. "sva. bhAudAjI' nA mRtyu mATe lakhAyelA kAvyamAM bhAudAjInI guNaprazasti karI kALane krUra ane enA, bhAudAjIne laI javAnA kAmane kavi dhikkArapAtra gaNAve che.. sudhArakayuga - sAmAjika rItarivAja ane mRtyu svadezavAtsalya kaLAkauzala' nAmanA bIjA prakaraNamAM "garuDapurANaaMga" mAM kavi P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 99 dalapatarAme maranAranI pachavADe rovA kuTavAnA niSedha vize "garuDapurANa' ne AdhAre potAnuM maMtavya rajU karyuM che. maranAranI pAchaLa raDavAno eka sAmAjika rivAja paNa che. je kavi dalapatarAmane gamyo na hato. tethI "maranAranI pAchaLa na rovA vize pada' mAM teo maranAra pAchaLa raDanArane zatru tarIke oLakhAve che. "narmakavitA' bhAga-1 mAM "vaidhavyacitra' bhAga1 mAM nAnapaNamAM vaidhavya pAmanAra strInI vedanA tathA zoka pragaTa thayA che. jemAM patinuM mRtyu ane sAmAjika kurivAjo baMne aMte karuNanI parAkASThA sarje che. eka paNa divasa lagnajIvana bhogavyuM na hoya evI vidhavAonA cUDIkarama, duHkha ane trAsanI parisImAM gaNAya. A cUDIkaramanI bhayAnaktAno nirdeza paNa narmada 'veza utAratI vakhatanI akaLAmaNa' kAvyamAM karyo che. "haiyA zoka khUNe rahI, poko mUkIne roya" " (pAnuM. 71) pAdaTIpa a.naM. vigata pU. naMbara 1. "arvAcIna gujarAtI sAhityanI vikAsarekhA'-1 dhIrubhAI ThAkara 19 4 (dalapatarAmathI kalApI) 8. "arvAcIna gujarAtI sAhityanI vikAsarekhA'-1 dhIrubhAI ThAkara $ $ $ $ $ 11. "phorbasaviraha 12. 'lalitAmRtyu kAvya" kavi dalapatarAma DAhyAbhAI kavi narmadAzaMkara 13. 14. 16. "sAhasa desAI 17. kavi narmadAzaMkara 18. kavi narmadAzaMkara 19. "narmakavitA' bhAga-1 20. 21. "malabArI kAvyaratno 22. "vilsana-viraha 23. 24. "vilsana-viraha' 25. "kRSNaviraha kavi malabArI kavi malabArI ! kavi malabArI kavi bhavAnIzaMkara P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 100 26. "kRSNaviraha' kavi bhavAnIzaMkara 27. "narmadaviraha kAzIzaMkara mULazaMkara dave 28. dalapativiraha vilApa" kAzIzaMkara mULazaMkara dave ra9. 30. che ke huM ja 1 1 2 1 2 1 % 6 ja 33. "haMsaviraha lAdhArAma vizrAma raghuvaMzI 40. "lIlAvatIviraha' choTArAma sevakarAma 41. 37 87 42. 43. "bhAvavirahabAvanI 44. "mAhezvaraviraha 45. 46. 47. zukla nathurAma suMdarajI zeTha vallabhadAsa popaTa 18 49. 33 34 41 41 kavi AnaMdajI lavajI lAkhANI 4 19 sudaramyAna 134 134 134, 135 kavi dalapatarAma DAhyAbhAI 86 50. 51. "jhaMDaviraha para. 53. "arvAcIna kavitA' 54. papa. pa6. 'dalapatakAvya" bhAga-1 57. 58. "narmakavitA' bhAga-2 59. "narmakavitA' bhAga-2 60. 61. "vilsanaviraha 62. "malabArInAM kAvyaratno" 63. 64. 65. "kRSNaviraha' 66. narmadaviraha 697 kavi narmadAzaMkara kavi narmadAzaMkara 694 39 kavi malabArI kavi malabArI 112 215 kavi bhavAnIzaMkara narasiMharAva 15 kAzIzaMkara mULazaMkara dave 48 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 101 67. "dalapataviraha upAdhyAya nAraNajI lakSmIrAma 68, "haMsaviraha lAlArAma vizrAma radhuvaMzI 69. para 71. "sau lADakI bahena (lIlAvatI) viraha choTArAma sevakarAma 72. 73. 74. 15 zeTha vallabhadAsa popaTa kavi narmadAzaMkara " kavi malabArI choTArAma sevakarAma 657 658 104 75. "mAhezvaraviraha 76. "narmakavitA' bhAga-2 77. 78. "malabArInAM kAvyaratno" 79. "sau lADakI bahena (lIlAvatI) viraha 80. 81. "narmadaviraha - 82. "sa lADakI blena (lIlAvatI) viraha 658 59 68 36 kAzIrAma mULazaMkara dave choTArAma sevakarAma zukla nathurAma suMdarajI bAroTa kezavalAla zyAmajI 28 kavi AnaMdajI lavajI lAkhANI 10 84. "bhAvavirahabAvanI' 85. "bhAvavirahapoDazI' 86. "jhaMDaviraha 87. 88. " 89. "narmakavitA' bhAga-1 90. "phorbasaviraha' 91. "arvAcIna kavitA 97 kavi narmadAzaMkara kavi dalapatarAma DAhyAbhAI suMdaram 3ra 91 93e. " 93ba."dalapatakAvya' bhAga-2 94. "narmakavitA' bhAga-1 : ( 129 kavi dalapatarAma DAhyAbhAI 15,16 kavi narmadAzaMkara 71 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 102 4. paMDitayuganI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa "narmadanI peDhI asta pAmI te pahelAM tenA karatAM vadhu sattvazALI, eTaluM ja nahIM, samagra gujarAtI sAhityamAM mAga mukAve tevI pratibhAzALI peDhI, ucca jIvanadaSTi ane anokhI sAhityachaTA sAthe udaya pAmatI hatI." 1 "narmadanA avasAna vakhate muMbaImAM govardhanarAmanI vakIlAta jAmI gaI hatI. te vakhate "sarasvatIcaMdra' bahAra paDyo na hato. paNa teno pahelo bhAga pUro lakhAI gayo hato. navI peDhInI pratinidhi kRtio "sarasvatIcaMdra' (bhA. 1) tathA "kusumamALA'ne navalarAme vidAya thatAM pahelAM satkArI hatI." ra aMgrejo dvArA pazcimanA saMparkamAM mukAtAMveMta ApaNe tyAM navajAgRti-nI havA prakaTI. deze eka navIna vaicArika sRSTino udhADa anubhavyo. navA vicAronA paricayathI ThIgarAI gayelA deza-sattvamAM dhIme dhIme cetanano saMcAra thavA lAgyo. svAbhAvika rIte ja e navajAgRtinI havA prathama prakaTI. sAMskRtika kSetre navotthAnanA pitA hatA rAjA rAmamohanarAya." 3 yunivarsiTInA yuvakomAM rAjakIya kSetra karatAM vadhAre vyApaka evA sAMskRtika kSetra aMge jAgelI eka saMgIna svAbhimAnavRtti - A badhAMne laIne temanI mAnasamRSTimAM koka ajaba bhAvanAbharyA svapno puravA lAgyAM." 4 "govardhanarAmanA janmano samaya e sudhArAnI bharatIno samaya hato. paNa temanuM mAnasabaMdhAraNa cokkasa AkAra levA mAMDe te samaya sudhImAM eTale ke temanI yuvAvasthAnA samaya sudhImAM to sudhArAnA vaLatAM pANI thaI cUkyAM hatAM." govardhanarAmanA samayamAM dezano savAla mukhyatve sAMskRtika hato. dezanI mAtra sAMskRtika ja nahi, paNa Arthika sthiti sudhAravAnAM pagaraNa paNa maMDAya ane vizALa arthamAM dhArmika preraNAono lAbha paNa levAya, pUrvanuM jALavavA jevuM jALavI rakhAya ane pazcimamAMthI vivekapUrvaka levA jevuM paNa levAya e iSTa hatuM. AvA samayamAM pracaMDa manoghaTanAzALI sAhityakAra govardhanarAma ApaNI bhUmi para pAke che. temaNe vidyopAsanAmAM svadharma joyo. "vidyA dvArA dezoddhAra e jANe ke govardhanarAmanuM jIvanasUtra banyuM. emanA tejasvI sAkSarajIvananI siddhionAM suphaLa gujarAtI prajAno sAMskRtika vAraso che." * govardhanarAmanA jIvanadarzananA pAyAmAM pravRttimUlaka saMnyastano vibhAva rahelo che. vaiyaktika jIvana sAdhanAmAM ane paralakSI sAhityasarjanamAM paNa eno prabhAva pratIta thAya che. A pravRttimaya saMnyAsa 'Practical - Asceticism' no vicAra ja zabdAntare emanAM evAM bIjAM saiddhAttvika nirUpaNomAM paNa rahelo che. ahIM govardhanarAma naiSakampano joradAra virodha kare che. adhyAtmamUlaka karmapravaNatAmAM jIvanasArthakya jue che. dharmanA bAhyarUpa upara temane pakSapAta nathI." pazcimanA saMparkamAM mukAyA pachI je sAMskRtika navotthAnano yuga Avyo. emAM ApaNA ciMtakoe dharmamAM ropelA karmano mahimA samajIne eno puraskAra karavAnuM yogya dhAryuM. A eka vicAra tatkAlIna bhAratIya cidAkAzamAM sArvabhauma jaNAya che. abhinava P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 103 bhAratanA A darzanarUpa vicAranuM vAhana govardhanarAma jevA manISI che." 8 "jIvananI pArAvAra karuNatA vacce paNa jIvananI sAcI arthasUcaktA significane of Life' zodhavI e sAcI zAMti meLavavAno mArga che. ema govardhanarAma mAnatA hatA." govardhanarAma sudhArAvAdI nathI tema saMrakSaNavAdI paNa nathI. pazcimanI buddhipUta vijJAnadaSTi ane sabaLa karmayoga temaja paurvAtya adhyAtmaparaMparAmAMthI baLa meLavatuM samAja-sattva e baMne pratye Adara sevanArI samanvayadaSTi temanAmAM che." 10 - suMdaram A yuganI kavitAne sudhArakayuga karatAM vadhAre gahana ane vyApaka gaNAve che. tathA tenA kaLAtattvanA UMDANa tathA vizALatAne biradAve che." * (a. ka. 145) govardhanayugamAM govardhanarAma, narasiMharAva diveTiyA, bhImarAva diveTiyA, dolatarAma paMDyA, kalApI, kAnta, khabaradAra, nhAnAlAla, baLavaMtarAya ThAkora, jaTila, saMcita, boTAdakara, kavi tribhuvana, gajendra buca, sAgara jevA kavioe potAnI kavitAmAM vividha saMdarbhe mRtvaciMtana rajU karyuM che. A yuganI kavitAne ghaDanArAM bAhya paribaLomAM mukhya baLa yunivarsiTInI keLavaNI che. saMskRta, aMgrejI tathA phArasI sAhityanI asara A yuganA kavioe jhIlI che. "arvAcIna kavitA upara aMgrejI karatAMye vadhAre prabaLa asara tenA yuropIya khAsa karIne grIka sAhityanI kalAmImAMsAthI samRddha banelA vivecane nipajAvI." 2 (a. ka. 148) dhIrubhAI ThAkara vaya ane guNanI daSTie govardhanarAma (1855-1900)ne A UgatI peDhInA agraNI gaNAve che. to munazIe govardhanarAmathI zarU thatA samayane saMskRta jAgRtinA kALa' tarIke oLakhAvyo che. A yuganA badhA kavione saMskRta jAgRtinA kavio kahI zakAya. yunivarsiTI zikSaNakramamAM maLelA saMskRtanA abhyAsane maLeluM mahattva, hindI rASTrIya koMgresanI sthApanA, sthAnika svarAjyanI caLavaLo, TiLaka ane phirojazAha mahetAnI rAjakIya pravRttio tathA rAmakRSNa paramahaMsa ane svAmI vivekAnaMdano nUtana hiMdu-dharma prabodha, sAmAnyataH sAkSarayuganA ne khAsa karIne govardhanarAmanA sAkSarajIvananA mukhya prerakabaLo hatAM." 13 (gu. sA. vi. 12) (dhI. ThA.) narmada, dalapata ane navalarAme A duniyAmAMthI vidAya lIdhI te pahelAM temanuM sthAna zobhAvavA ane temanA kAryane soLe kaLAe khIlave tevI zaktine dRSTivALA temanI anugAmI peDhInA traNa samartha pratinidhio govardhanarAma, maNilAla ane narasiMharAvanuM sAhitya ane saMskArakSetre zubha Agamana thaI cUkyuM hatuM. - govardhanayuga ane mRtyunuM nirUpaNa : karuNa svarUpe govardhanarAmanAM prathama patnI harilakSmI potAnA eka saMbhAraNA lekhe eka bALaka mUkI svargavAsa pAmyAM. (1974) emanA virahazokamAM lakhAyelI "snehamudrA' kAvya prakAranI daSTie karuNa prazasti ke virahakAvya che. kAvyanA sarjananuM nimitta patnInuM mRtyu hovA chatAM te zoka taddana binaMgatarUpe rajU thayo che. 1889mAM "snehamudrA'nI prathama AvRtti bahAra paDe che. "snehamudrAne suMdaram ApaNI kavitAnA vicitra chatAM asAdhAraNa AvirbhAva tarIke oLakhAve che tathA ene "kAcA suvarNa' jevuM kAvya kahe che. (arvAcIna kavitA pR. 215) anaMtarAya rAvaLa kahe che "snehamudrAmAM zokasaritA be kAMThe vahe che ane P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 104 kartAnA gaMbhIra ciMtana, UMcA vicAro ne utkRSTa bhAvanAonA bharyA bharyA gAna vacce niyamita aMtare emanAM DUsakAM cheka sudhI saMbhaLAyA kare che." 15 ('snehamudrA' pR. raraa.)" * karuNaprazastiomAMnuM ciMtana mRtyujanita zokanuM zAmaka ja bahudhA hoya che. "jana maraNa ne raDavuM hasavuM thaze lIna aMte anaMta pravAhamAM madhye AvI jenI daSTi hoya tene mRtyunA AghAte zokamUDha ane jIvana udAsIna ane niSkriya banI bese e to na ja game." * (a. rA. 39) "pariNAme A kRtimAM "karuNa'nI mAtra AchIpAtaLI lahara ja jovA maLe che. kRtino moTo bhAga tattvaciMtanathI yukta che. eTale to anaMtarAya rAvaLa kahe che. (pR. 33) "philasUpha govardhanarAma A kAvyamAM mahattvano bhAga bhajave che." 17 - govardhanarAme emanI putrI lIlAvatInA mRtyu saMdarbhe 1905mAM "lIlAvatI jIvanakalA' nAmanI gadyapadyAtmaka kRti racI che. kavi ahIM yamane ja sAcA pitA tarIke oLakhAve che. "kumaLI hRdayakaLI baMdha thaI gaI gayA prANa ne maMdira tenuM paDyuM agnine DhaMgha 8 ('lIlAvatI jIvanakalA' pR. 137) pote lIlAvatIne jANe saMbodhI na rahyA hoya e rItanI lakhAvaTa che. pustakanI nAyikA te lekhakanI putrI lIlAvatI ja nathI. paNa aneka pitAonI putrIo ahIM nAyikAne sthAne che." dolatarAma - kRpAzaMkara paMDyAe (1856-1915) lakheluM "indrajItavadha' kAvya saMskRta zailInA mahAkAvyanI pahela tarIke arvAcIna kavitAnA itihAsamAM noMdhapAtra gaNAya. suMdaram lakhe che "gujarAtI kavitAmAM AvI rItanuM sAMgopAMga pUrNarUpe saMskRta mahAkAvya lakhavAno A pahelo prayatna che." 19 (A. ke. pR. 205) "indrajItavadha' (1887) rAmAyaNanA "IndrajItavadha'nA prasaMgane kendramAM rAkhI mahAkAvya-racanA AnaMda ane upadeza ApavAnA hetuthI thaI. Ama to AkhuM kAvya yuddhajanya mRtyumAMthI nIpajatA karuNarasanuM che. paraMtu nirbheLa karuNa pacIsamA sargamAM zRMgAranA virodhamAM sulocanAnA virahavarNanamAM kavie relAvyo che. to kSaNa mUrzita thAya suMdarI kSaNamAM stabdha bane kRzodarI" 0 ('indrajItavadha' pR. 137) sulocanAno hRdayadrAvaka vilApa vipralaMbha zRMgArajanya karuNanuM sAruM udAharaNa che. sulocanAne potAnI nahi, paNa laMkAnA lokonA jhurApAnI ciMtA che. je kSatriyANInI khumArInuM sUcaka bane che. bhUtakALanAM smaraNo, emAMya dAMpatyajIvananAM vizeSa dAhaka hoya che. indrajItanI gajacAla, kRpALu kALajuM ne mArmika vacano haju guMje che. pati aMtima pramANe javA chatAM pote haju prANa kema dharI rahI che? hRdaya kema phATI jatuM nathI ? e ene samajAtuM nathI. P.P. Ac. Guntatnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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ne sulocanA aMte mRtyune harAvavA nIkaLe che. bhImarAva diveTiyAe (1851-1890) "pRthurAjarAsA' mahAkAvya lakhavAno prAraMbha to cheka 1875mAM karI dIdho hato. paNa te pUruM thayuM "indrajItavadha' pachI ane prasiddha thayuM te pachI pUrA eka dAyake, "pRthurAjarAsA' 1897nI pAMcamI okTobare prasiddha thayuM. A kAvya paNa yuddhajanya mRtyumAMthI nIpajatA kaNanuM udAharaNa che. DaoN. dhIrubhAI ThAkara bhImarAvanI A kRtine vizeSa sAhityaguNavALI gaNe che. to suMdarama paNa "pRthurAjarAsAne bhImarAvanI sarvazreSTha kRti tathA A stabakanI trIjI zakavartI kRti gaNAve che. agiyAramAM sarga kAvya pUruM thAya che. vIrarasakathA pUrI thAya che. aMte "pRthurAjanA aMta vizenI karuNakathA marmavedhaka zailImAM kavi rajU kare che. saMyuktAno vilApa hRdayadrAvaka che. ravinuM teja udAsImAM paDeluM lAge che. pANI agni jevuM anubhavAya che. caMdrikA zItaLatAne badale dajhADe che. A kalpanA karuNarasa sabhara che. vAstaviktAnA abhAvano doSa emAM naDato nathI. kavi kahe che "pRtharAya paDatAM pRthvI jANe DolavA lAgI. jaLasthaLa sarvatra zoka macI gayo. rAjapUtI kulabhAnu asta thatAM vanataruoe nIcAM namI puSpAMjali ApI. agiyAramo sarga kavinI sargazaktino sAro namUno che. patinA vIravabharyA mRtyunI vAta sAMbhaLI zarUmAM saMyuktA mUcha pAme che. vAta sAcI nathI manAtI. uSNa azru, khALavA chatAM nathI khALI zakAtAM. rANIo AkraMda karavA lAge che. kRpA ane kSamAbharI vRtti dharAvanAra pati Aje AvA nagharoLa kema thayA e samajAtuM nathI. "karIne saghaLuM vRthA phoka muja saubhAgya sadA adRzya je." ('pRthurAjarAsA' pR. 96). khUba raDI saMyuktA patine pAchA AvavA samajAve che. paNa pachI, mRtyu pAmela vyakti pAchI na Ave, e satyano svIkAra kare che. narasiMharAva bhoLAnAtha diveTiyA (1859-1937) emanA anugAmI kavio mATe eka bhUmikA taiyAra karI Ape che. 1887mAM "kusumamALA' prakaTa thatAM gujarAtI kavitAmAM eka nAno unmeSa to jarUra pragaTa thAya che. kavinuM citana bhale prAraMbha dazAmAM paNa jovA to maLe ja che. jemAM kALa, kALacakra, mAnavajIvananI kSaNabhaMguratA tathA parapoTArUpa mRtyuno samAveza thAya che. kavinA kavitAvAdyane karuNarasa vizeSa bhAve che. e to temaNe ja kabUlyuM che. "kusumamALA'mAM paNa A zokajanya karuNabhAva avAranavAra AvyA kare che. vizALa siMdhusamAM janasamudAyamAM mAnava eka buddabuTsamAna hovAnuM kavi mAne che. yuvAnaputra nalinanuM mRtyu thatAM thayelA cittakSobhamAMthI "smaraNasaMhitA'nuM sarjana thAya che. TenisananA "inamemoriyam'nI bharapUra asara tenA para che. to sAthesAthe kavinA jIvanavicAramAM prArthanAsamAjanAM jJAna ane zraddhAbhaktinuM mizraNa rasAyaNa thayeluM jovA maLe che. putranA avasAnanI tArIkha ane prasaMga kavinI rojanIzImAM noMdhAyelo che. (2) 31915) e divase bapora pachI be vAgye kavino lADako nalina deha tyajI de che. jIvanamAM UbhI thayelI riktatAne lIdhe kavi prakRtino AnaMda mANI zakatA nathI. mAnavanI jiMdagImAM moTAmAM moTuM duHkha vicchedanuM che. temAMya mRtyujanya viccheda vadhu asahya bane che. kavi pUche che. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S.

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 106 kAlya ne dina Ajano bheda, bemAM zo paDyo ? nAcatuM ura thaMbhiyuM , gUDhArtha kone e jaDyo?" rara ("smaraNasaMhitA" pAnuM-2). lyusI hatI ane nathI, e be vaccenA bhedanI varjhavarthe pADelI cIsanI jema kavi paNa Arta cIsa pADI UThe che. "kAlya je ramato hato, pUra jIvanajozamAM Aja e cAlI gayo - hA, lADako muja roSamAM" 23 (smaraNasaMhitA" pAnuM 3). smaraNasaMhitAmAM cAlato zAMtarasa karuNarasanI sAthe sAthe ja vahe che. zokamAMthI nIkaLI jaIne zokane aMtagUDha ghanavyatharUpa ApavAnI kavinI kSamatAne suMdarame A kAvyanI rasasiddhi gaNAvI che. "elijI' maraNanimittaka zoko dUgAranA AkAranI kavinI yojanA 'Tenisana'nA "inamemoriyama'nI hovA chatAM kavitAnuM saudarya kavinuM AgavuM ane svataMtra kavi kAntanI kavitAne (1827-1923) suMdarame arvAcIna kavitAnA vasaMtavijaya' tarIke oLakhAvI che. kAntanI kavitAmAM deha ane AtmAnuM sAmaMjasya suMdaramane dekhAyuM. kavi kAntanI kRtiono saMgraha 'pUrvAlApa' temanA Akasmika maraNa samaye - 1923mAM pragaTa thAya che. je jovAno moko temane na maLyo. mitra kalApI, bhAvanagaranA mahArAjA bhAusiMhajI, prathama patnI narmadA, putra prANalAla, putrI hRdayalakSmI uparAMta traNa putrIo ane putranA akALa avasAnanI gherI asara temanI kavitAmAM jovA maLe che. vyathA ane pIDAbharyA jIvana karatAM premapUrNa mRtyu vadhu zreyaskara hovAnuM kavi mAne che. "pramAdI nAvika'mAM patie bhavasAgaramAM sAthe cAlanArI sahacarIne potAnA pramAdathI gumAvyAno nirdeza che. jemAM pachI pramAdI nAvika pazcAttApamAM ane viprayoganA AghAtathI dariyAmAM paDatuM mUkI jIvanano aMta ANe che. vidhura kuraMga'mAM kuraMga e kavinuM ja pratIka che. patnI jatAM bAlamRganI saMbhALa levA zIMgaDA vaDe jamIna suMvALI karanAra, pathArI pAsenA kAMkarA jIbha vaDe dUra karanAra kuraMga paNa kavinI ja manaHsthitinuM sUcana kare che. "priyA, priyatamA gatA ! jagata sarva jhAMkhuM thayuM gayuM sukha, gayuM badhuM, na paNa jIvavAnuM gayuM" * ('pUrvAlApa' pR. 269) mAMnI vedanA tathA, kadI smaraNa AvatAM, rudhira netre jhare dayA svajanane thatAM vadana pAsa pANI dhare nahIM svajana te sakhI, svajana ekalI tuM hatI, sahasrazata zalyamAM hRdayanI pathArI hatI ? ('pUrvAlApa' pR. 132) P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 107 dvArA kavinA hRdayamAM priyAnuM sthAna kevuM UMcuM hatuMe sUcavAya che. aneka saMkaTo musIbatomAM zAMti ane ArAmanI pathArIsamuM priyAnuM sAnnidhya to gayuM. mRtyu pAmanAra vyaktine zuM thatuM haze, te to jANI nathI zakAtuM. paNa enA svajanonI yAtanA to atidAruNa hoya che. e ahIM samajAya che. AkAza tathA jayojJAnI dhArA enA e che. nizA paNa tAruNyasabhara che. paNa patnI kyAM ? ene have jovAnI nahi? jo ke kavinuM jIvanadarzana badalAtAM kavi evI kalpanA kare che ke svargamAM rahelI patnI pRthvI paranA patinI azrubhInI AMkha lUche che. nikaTanA svajananuM mRtyu haMmezAM ajaMpo ane azAMti sarje che. 'vidAya" kAvya kAntanAM patnInAM avasAna nimitte lakhAyuM che. patnInI asahya mAMdagIne aMte mRtyu nizcita banatAM, jANe ke e mRtyudivasa khUba ja najIka Avato dekhAya che. cittanI zAMti harI leto divasa AvI pahoMcyAnA jANe bhaNakAra saMbhaLAya che. baLavaMtarAya ThAkora (1869-15ra). 1888thI zarU thayelI ThAkoranI kAvyaracanA pravRtti 1892mAM rItasara kAryazibira (Work shop) rUpa banI jAya che." * ('a. gu. vi. re. pAnuM ra62) "cheka UgatI vayathI rUDhithI UpharA cAlavAnuM valaNa temanAmAM baMdhAyuM hatuM. temanA dAdA caturbhujadAsa avasAna pAmyA tyAre (1889) emanI pAchaLa garuDapurANane badale pleTonA "kIDo' saMvAdano aMtabhAga vAMcelo." (a. gu. vi. 2. pAnuM 2pa6) dhIrubhAI ThAkara) "ba.ka.ThA. nA jIvanamAM mRtyuno anubhava e sauthI mArmika ane marmabhedaka anubhava che. mRtyune tIre tIre emanA jIvananI nAva vahI che." 28 (gujarAtI sAhityano ItihAsa graMtha-3 pariSada) " "virahamAM kavi svayaM nAyaka che. kavi-patnI caMdramaNi nAyikA che. 1915mAM caMdramaNinuM cAlIsa varSanI ati kAcI vaye avasAna thayuM hatuM. 1914mAM caMdramaNi vidyamAna hatAM ne ja 'viraha'no AraMbha karyo hato. ethI "paccIzI mahAlyAMpUrI" 25 varSanuM dAMpatya e virahanI pUrvabhUmikA che. 1914mAM kensaranA roganuM nidAna thayuM tyArathI mRtyu nizcita hatuM. ethI "viraha'no AraMbha mRtyunI gADha chAyAmAM thayo hato. 19para lagInuM emanuM jIvana mRtyunA smaraNamAM ja gayuM. potAnA mRtyunI pratIkSAmAM ja vahyuM. emanA vArdhakyano samaya e jANe mRtyu mATenI sajjatAno hato. mRtyu mATenI pAtratA karavAnI pUrvataiyArIno samaya hato." 30 mRtyu e balavaMtarAyanA aMgata AtmalakSI anubhavanAM kAvyomAM kendrano anubhava che." * DUbuM huM zIda zokamAM, gayo ja tuM azokamAM" caMdramaNi ane kAntanA mRtyu vizenAM balavaMtarAyanAM sarvazreSTha kAvyo che. kAntanA mRtyuthI ThAkore anubhavelI virahavyathAnI UMDI vedanAmAMthI kokilavilApa' kAvya jagyuM. vedanAgrasta sthitimAM ja kAnta mRtyu pAmatAM, ThAkoranI vedanA zabdAtIta che. devane tethI kavi avaLacaMDuM, naphaphaTa ane urahIzuM kahe che. rudananA bhISaNa sUro khUba svAbhAvika rIte vahe che. pachI to ThAkora mokaLe mane raDI paDatA hoya evA uddagAra nIkaLI paDe che. "o re kokila re re kokila aMte Aja hatuM nirmita to sarvajJa tuM zAne sarjayo P.P.AC Gunratnkomala dila kokila?" 32 Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 108 - priya mitra kAntanA mRtyuthI thayelI akathya vedanA vyakta karavA mATe kAntanA aMjanI gItano ja balavaMtarAye upayoga karyo. svAbhAvika rIte ja thaI gayo. ne tethI to suMdarama ne kokilavilApa' kAvya sva. kAntanA jIvanakAruNyathI TapakatuM lAgyuM. A kAvyamAM teone maitrInA uchALA, vidhinA krUra AghAta ane mitrano viyoga prakhara sAmarthyathI AlekhAyelA lAgyA. gAMbhIrya, daDhatA ane saralatA mATe kAntane moha pamADanAra ThAkora paNa "ghaNe ghaNe varSe kAvyamAM saMyama gumAvI bese che. ne kAnta mATe jhUre che, bahAvarA bane che. "sakhe hRdaya kyAM gayo ? jIvana ekaluM dhULa A" kahetA kavine kazuM sUjhatuM nathI. kaLa vaLatI nathI, pAmatAM tapta hRdaya kavi uranA ajepAnI chUTe moMe vAta kare che. je mAtra UrmiudgAra na rahetAM ramaNIya kAvyamayatAne dhAraNa kare che. kyAMya ura nA tharape mhAruM re prabhu huM te kema jigara ThAruM ?" 33 bhUtakALamAM priyAnA sAthamAM mANeluM prakRtisauMdarya ramya hovA chatAM Aje ramya lAgatuM nathI. UlaTuM e priyAnI du:khada yAda vadhu apAve che. "sukhIgrIkha'mAM paNa bhUtakALanAM smaraNo vipralaMbhazRMgArane aMte karuNamAM palaTAya che. vatanamAM patnInA sAnnidhye gALelI grISma pharI pharI yAda Ave che. patnI mRtyu pAmatAM badhuM ja viramI gayuM. gayuM badhuM ja gayuM, jatAM ja muja sRSTino mera tuM" 34 ("bhaNakAra' 184). "jAgaraNa' kAvya paNa Ama to mRtivedanAnuM ja che, mRtyu pAmanAra to kadAca saMvedanothI, saMbaMdhothI mukta thaI jAya che. paNa emanI pachI emanA svajanonI pIDA vizeSa kaSTabharI hoya che. yamano ghA emanA ja para gaMbhIra jhIMkAyAno jANe teo anubhava kare che. ura gata svajanane satata smaryA kare che. baLatA hRdayane zItaLatA arpavA kavi pavitra ghAsadurvAno paTa race che. jIvatA motanI yAtanA be paMktimAM marmavedhaka rIte rajU thaI che. "mota, jIvatuM mota bemAM vadhu vasamuM kayuM ?" 32 ('bhaNakAra' 181). smaraNo vadhu karuNatA sarje che. "ghutikaNI'mAMya Ama to vAta smaraNonI ja che. je vadhu yAda Ave e smRtirUpe jANe dazyarUpa banI AkArita thAya, to "AratI'mAM patnI jatAM kavinI mRdu mulAyama banelI vANIno nirdeza thayo che. doDatA jharaNanI jema nayanamAMthI azrudhAra vahe che. hoTha dabAvIne raDavAthI, hoTha para dAMta bhIMsAtA lohInA TaziyA phUTe che. manujataMtunI alpatA' kAvya paNa mANelA dAMpatyajIvananI madhura smRtionuM che. svAnubhavamAM bhaLe che, sauMdaryamaMDita kalpanA. to gaI'mAM patnI temaja pelI mANelI rajanIo gayAno saMkta che. AMtaracetanAmAM patnInA sahavAsa-anubhava thayAnI vAta pralApa'mAM kavi varNave che. e hRdayasthita sagata priyA ja kavinA uttarAyunI animeSa sAkSI banI rahe che. sAthe jeTalAM varSa gALyAM, enAthI vadhAre varSa to ekalAM gALavAnAM AvyAM. sthULasUkSmano nAto to zakya nathI. kavinA praznano javAba sadgata patnI to P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 100 ApI zakavAnI nathI. tethI kavi tIvra vedanA sAthe aMte samagra vizvane "baherA mUMgAnuM vizva' kahI karuNa Akroza vyakta kare che. kavi tribhuvana premazaMkara (1865-1923) 1902mAM "kalApIno viraha' kalApInA avasAnathI prerAIne lakhyuM. karaNa ane zAMtinI milAvaTavALuM dIrghakaruNaprazastikAvya A che. jenuM sthAna guNadaSTie "phArbasaviraha' tathA "smaraNasaMhitA'nI madhyamAM che. suMdarame A kavinI pratibhAne hIrA jevI paheladAra gaNAvI che. kavi nhAnAlAla lakhe che. "surasiha jAtAM sUnakAra vyApyo che ane e sUnakAra anubhavatAM virAganI Urmi UThe che. ne ema kAvyanI zarUAta thAya che." 3 (upoddhAta, "kalApIno viraha' pAnuM. 6) bIjA bhAgamAM kavi azrunAM pUra chUTAM mUke che. kavine pUrvasmaraNo khaDAM thaI saMtApe che. paMkhIonI kudaratakali gamatI nathI. eka dinanA rAjahaMsanuM smaraNa smaratAM bIjo bhAga samApta thAya che. "viraha' nAmanA bIjA bhAgamAM kavie kalApI jatAM anubhavelI vedanAne vAcA ApI che. kalApI jatAM kavino suhRdasnehabhAva phUTI gayo che. huM kumuda caMdra tuM viyoga nityano thayo akhaMDaviraha agni, kumuda baLI jatuM nathI" 39 * - ('kalApIviraha' pAnuM. 33) kavi vidhAtA sAme potAno Akroza vyakta kare che. gayAM paMkhI rUDAM UDI, thayuM che A camana khAlI vaDA verAnamAM vasIne, have to jIvavuM mAre - khajAnA phUlaDAMonA thayA che khAkhanA Dhaga - have e khAkhanI seja, sUvAnuM che lakhyuM" 38 vAra re ('kalApIno viraha' pAnuM. 43) kalApInA avasAne kavinuM mana eTaluM badhuM becena banyuM che ke teo paMkhIoneya emano kilakilATa baMdha karI zAMti ApavAnI kapA karavA kahe che. paNa dagdha dilane kemeya zAMti maLatI nathI. sAco sArasa sneha eka maratAM bIjuM mare kamabakhta A deha, phUTyo na maLano mALo" 39 ("kalApIno viraha' pAnuM. 43) kalApI jatAM pote haju jIvatA kema che, e ja samajAtuM nathI. siddha sukAnI jatAM A kavinI beDalI jANe bUDI gaI. ke 1874mAM janmelA kavi kalApI 1061900nA roja eka ja rAtanI TUMkI jIvaleNa mAMdagI bhogavI chavvIsa varSanI kAcI uMmare akALa avasAna pAmyA. citrAtmaktA temaja bhAvonI snigdha madhuratA kavinI samartha kaLAzaktinA noMdhapAtra aMzo hovAnuM suMdarama jaNAve che. "mRtyu' kAvyamAM prema ane vAtsalyano mahimA kavie samajAvyo che. praNayanA gIta samA bhoLA pArevaDA jevA bALakano dehavilaya thatAM bebAkaLA banelA pitA "mRtyu tattvane samajI zakatA nathI. A komaLa phUlane lAkaDAnA Dhaga para suvADe che tyAre pitRhRdaya kakaLI UThe che. "A lAluM kaThina agni vatI na bALo' (pAnu. 89) ema pokArI UThe .P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust.

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 110 che. emanI vAta koI sAMbhaLatuM nathI. "mRtaputrI lAlAMnI chabI daSTithI khesavatAMmAM mRta putrInI chabI AkArita thAya che ne AMkhamAM AMsu Ave che. paNa tarata vicAra Ave che, bhUlAyelA duHkhane pharI bhUlI javAno. mRtyu pAchaLa duHkha zAne ? "mRtaputrI' lalAMnI chabI dRSTithI dUra karI' kAvyamAM potAnI priya putrInI chabInI aMdara rahelI lAlA AMsuDAM kheratI dekhAya che. pachI baMnenAM netro maLatAM teno zoka jANe ke bhUMsAya che. "vINAno mRga'mAM mRganA hRdayamAM tIra bhoMkAtAM, ne pachI enuM mRtyu thatAM vyathita kanyAnuM hRdayasparzI citra kavie ApyuM che. te dvArA saMsAranI asAratAno nirdeza thayo che. priya svajana jatAM hRdaya cirAI jatAM mRgane maLeluM maraNanuM pyAluM poteya icche che. kalApInA sAthI tarIke jANItA saMcita rUpazaMkara udayazaMkara ojhAnA (18661932) "zrI saMcitanAM kAvyo' (1938)mAM paNa mRtyusaMdarbho maLe che. 1938mAM saMcitanAM saMtAnoe saMcitanA avasAna pachI "zrI saMcitanAM kAvyonuM saMpAdana karyuM." ("kalApI ane saMcita' rameza zukla, pAnuM. 60) "sumanahaMsa' rUpakAtmaka kAvya che. vAjasuravALAnA saMtAnanA avasAna nimitte lakhAyelA A kAvyamAM puSpa jevA mulAyama bALakano AtmahaMsa UDI jatAM comera chavAyelI zUnyatAno kavi citAra Ape che. karuNaprazasti prakAranA A kAvyamAM game tevI viSama ane karuNa paristhitimAM paNa mananI svasthatA na gumAvatA evA vAja-suravALAnI AMtaravyathAne vAcA ApavAmAM AvI che. kalApI vinAno saMsAra kavine sAra vinAno lAge che. "kalApIne' kAvyamAM bhUtakALamAM sAthe kAzmIra gayelA e smaraNone vAcA ApI che. to "kalApI' kAvyamAM prakRtidarzana nimitte kalApInI ja yAda vyakta thaI che. "DAyarI-khamAM "premAzrayukta aMjali' nAmathI eka karuNaprazasti kAvya utArAyuM che. je temanA jayeSTha putra manaharalAlanA janma (1481893)nA thoDA divasa pahelAM mRtyu pAmelA putra pratApa vizenuM che. jemAM "jagatamAM pharatA astodayanA cakramAM mRtyutAre AvIne hRdaya vIMdhAyAnA anubhavanI vAta che.' saMcitanAM 1894nAM cAra kAvyo "kusumakaMdana" "sumanahaMsa "laukika "svAntantasmRti' vAjasuravALAnA saMtAnanA avasAna nimitte lakhAyAM che. "laukika' kAvyamAM paNa "tanuM maratA pitA pahelAM" athavA "caDe nIra nevanA mobhe' evI vidhinI vakratAne kavi Akroza che. rameza zukla noMdhe che "snehIjanonA avasAnanA AghAte hRdayane karuNa-gheruM banAvI kevaLa azrukavi banI rahevAno abhigama saMcita no nathI." " ("kalApI ane saMcit' pR. 287) "judAI" ane "avadhUta" kalApInA nidhana pachI racAyelI gajhalo che. dasa varSa sAthe rahyA, ne dasa mAsamAM ja mitra sAthenA snehano vijoga thayo. kalApInA mRtyunuM rahasya vaNaukalyuM rahI gayuM. svajananA mRtyue AMsu sAratAM kavi kahe che. * "sparyA nahIM, lUchayAM na lAge na hoya zItaLa je saryA e AMsuDAM mugAM garIbaDAM muja vhAlA kyAM vahe?" 42 (pR. 314) kalApInI saMvatsarI" ane "kalApIne' kalApInA mRtyu pachInA lagabhaga eka dazakAne gALe racAyelAM smaraNAMjali kAvyo che. paheluM duhAmAM racAyeluM marasiyA prakAranuM che. jemAM P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 111 kalApI-smaraNa sAthe jAgatI vedanAnA sUra saMbhaLAya che. vayamAM sthAno bALa, vRddha banI rahyo bApalA lA chavvIza varSe kALa kIdho, sAdhu sUrasiMha rotAM rAkhyA Ama, paraNI gharaNI bApane guru pAchaLa pariyANa, viraha sahyo nA sUrasiMha" 43 | ("kalApI ane saMcita', pR. 321) "gurU pAchaLa pariyANa' kahI kavie maNilAlanA avasAnathI kalApIne lAgelA AghAtanuM vizeSa bhArapUrvaka nirUpaNa karyuM che. "bahAvaruM bulabula' (1904) "bhISma pratijJA" "kaba para najara' (1922) ane dardadIla (1907) A cAra gajhalo kalApIviSayaka che. kalApInA mRtyuno paMjogama tenA hareka haraphamAM vyakta thayo che. "abheda svarUpanI samajanA jJAnanI sajjatA, nirvedanI utkaTatA ane bhaktidravanI tIvratAthI mRtyuno Dara raheto nathI ane jIva saMpUrNa abhayathI zivano sAkSAtkAra karavA adhIra bane che." * ("kalApI ane saMcita ' 350) "AkhI jiMdagI jyAM veravikhera hoya tyAM khaMDiyera thayelI kabarane pharI caNavAthI zuM? A samAdhi paththarono Dhagalo nathI, jIvananI premasabhara karuNatAnA raktano srota che. AzakonuM prematIrtha che." 42 ('kalApI ane saMcita rameza zukla, 169) jIvaNarAma lakSmIrAma davee (jaTIle) racelI kAvyaracanAo "jaTilaprANaprabaMdha' (1894)mAM graMthastha thaI che. bArana menTenDa parathI rUpAMtarita "mRtapriyAno priyatama' kAvyamAM priyatamAnA mRtyu pachI udvigna banelA priyatamanI manodazAno citAra apAyo che. priyatamAnA avasAna pachI priyatamanuM jIvana arthazUnya bane che. ciMtA ane duHkhane kAraNe UMgha harAma thaI jAya che. adUbhuta jharaNAMomAM snAna karavA chatAM zAMti maLatI nathI. jIvavAnuM nirarthaka lAge che. sadUgata bALakanAM smaraNo "pAchuM nahi maLe'mAM AlekhAyAM che. ("kAvyAMganA" saMgraha) thoDA samaya mATe potAnA mRta bALakane visarI gayelI, anya jananInuM kUNuM kusuma mRtyunI bhIMsamAM ragadoLAtuM jotAM bhUtakALamAM daTAyelI e karuNa ghaTanA yAda AvI jAya che. kALajA upara rAkhelo paththara anya jananInI vedanA jotAM khasI jAya che ne pelo ghA pharI dUjhavA lAge che. "mIThI Tazara' nAmanA kAvyamAM ("saMsparza' saMgraha) koI vahAlAe AdarelI dUranI sapharano zokapUrNa nirdeza karatAM kavi kahe che. gADha chAyA zokanI gherAI che pAMpaNa upara koI vhAluM dUranI che AcarI beThuM saphara" 40 ('saMsparza pAnuM. 44) kahevAya nahi, sahevAya nahIM evI vyathA kavi anubhave che. azruo paNa pUchyA vinA ja AMkha choDI cAlyAM gayAM che. kavi puSpone jyAM pAnakhara na pahoMce evA sthaLe khIlavA sUcave che. suhRdumitrano viraha ane tasaMbaMdhinI kathA "kavi jaTilanI agraMthastha kRti che. harilAla dhruvanA avasAna nimitte lakhAyelI A kRtine sudarame ' sauthI mahattvAkAMkSI kRti tarIke oLakhAvI che." ApaNA virahakAvyomAM ene "prauDha koTinuM kAvya gaNAve che." ("arvAcIna kavitA" suMdaram, pR. 375), . . P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. . Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 112 svargavAsI gurjara vidvAna harilAla dhruvanA avasAna aMgenuM A virahAkAvya che. kavi jaTila noMdhe che te mujaba "je Dha5 para aMgrejI kavi milTane lIsIDAsa gAyo che je Dhaba para e ja bhASAnA kavi zelie "eDone gAyo che, te ja Dhabane vicAramAM laI lekhano ghATa UtAryo che." 48 ('caMdra' 161) pahelA khaMDanI ja keTalIka vigato maLI zakI che. A khaMDa vasaMtatilakAmAM racAyo che. kAvyatva atisAmAnya che. sAhityalaharImAM, rasasarovare taratA zIkhavanAranA mIThaDA jIvanane mRtyue haryuM eno raMja kavine che. , "kALe haryo suhRda e muja saMgamAMthI - khovAyuM ApaNuM vihaMgamaratna evuM audArya vizva zuM amI dharatuM gayuM che" 49 ('caMdra' 162) bhUtakALanA e maitrIsaMbaMdhonA zubha kALanuM smaraNa satata rahyA karatuM. "cAlyo hulAsa ghaTa gherI rahI nirAzA Aje have nayanathI jaLadhAra sAruM Aje have nimanuM chuM have khagamitra o . . e Adra ura dharato khagabaMdhu khoyo che, A kALa acintI krUratA ajamAvI" pa0 (162). (I. sa. 1897 saMvata 1953) "caMdra nAmanA megejhinamAMthI (vaizAkha aMka. 7 pustaka. pamAMnA khaMDa-1mAMthI maLelI vigata) 1 (boTAdakara) dAmodaradAsa khuzAladAsa. (1870-1924) boTAdakare mahadaMze gRhajIvana ane kauTuMbika jIvananA maMgalakaraNa bhAvo vizeSa gAyA che. "bAlAvasAna' ane putraviraha (zaivalinI) be kAvyo karuNarasanA sArA namUnA che. jenuM mRtyu samIpa che evA bALakanA priyajanonA hRdayakSobha ane vyathAnuM varNana ahIM che. "putravirahamAM putranuM maraNa thatAM mAtAnI hRdayadrAvaka avasthAnuM vedhaka nirupaNa kavie karyuM che. chellA zvAsa letA bALakane bacAvavA AkAzapAtALa eka karatI mAnI kAkalUdInuM A kAvya mRtyu pAse mAnavanI pAmaratAnuM darzana karAve che. "namerA mRtyunA uranakhara vAge ghaDaghaDI' " (99 bAlAvasAna "zaivalinI) mAnI dRSTisamakSa ja zuM maraNa e bALane upADI jaze ? e prazna mUMjhave che. jananInuM bhoLuM haiyuM ghaDIka to prANa ApavA taiyAra thaI jAya che. mRtyune koI pakaDI rAkhe evI vinaMtI kare che. "grahI rAkho ne ko phaDaphaDa thatA A hRdayane haThADone yatna naphaTa banatA A nidhanane" para (bAlAvasAna pR. 100 "zaivalinI') paNa mRtyu kAMI vyathita uranAM chaMdano sAMbhaLavA taiyAra nathI. sau svajano kALanA e chellA kaThina phaTakAne asahAya joI rahe che. ne jANe koI jyoti svarUpa AvIne bALakane laI le che. ("gayo UDI aMte hRdaya kumaLuM kALa jhaDapI) A kavi nhAnAlAla dalapatarAma kavine (1877-1946) pitAnI mahAnubhAvitAnI pichAna putrane temanA mRtyu pachI ja thaI. "pitRtarpaNa' eka uttama zraddhAMjali kAvya che. koyalanI jema pitAnAM smaraNo kavi hRdaye Tahuke che. A kAvyane dhIrubhAI ThAkare nhAnAlAlanI P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 113 sargazaktinA ananya AviSkAra tarIke oLakhAvyuM che. to niraMjana bhagata kavi pitAnI karelI "avagaNanA" tathA "asatkAra'ne kAvyanuM kendra gaNAve che." niraMjana bhagata noMdha che. "mahAnadanA pUranI mAphaka AgaLa vadhato anurupa chaMda gujarAtI kavitAmAM ATalI anvarthatA bhAgye ja pAmyo haze." ('saMskRti' 1963, oNgaSTa pR. 35) kavi potAnA pitAne "manuSyomAM viharatA phirastA tarIke oLakhAve che. A tarpaNa kAvyamAM mAtra urasaMvedanAnI ja gUMthaNI nathI. kAvyatva paNa emAM bharapUra mahore che. jemake smitanI suMdaratAnA kapole aMkuro UbhA madhurA hAsyanI dIpe mukhaDe madhurI prabhA" pa" (104) ("keTalAMka kAvyo) kavi pitRchAyAthI tRpta hatA. chAyA to vaDalA jevI, bhAva to nadanA sama, devonA dhAmanA jevuM haiDuM jANe himAlaya" pa (100). (keTalAMka kAvyo-3) pitAnI karelI avahelanAno chUTe moe kavi ekarAra karIne pazcAttApa anubhave che. Abha jevA agAdha e puNyAtmAnA UMDANane yAda kare che. ne mArA dino chellA jhera kIdhA, sahu gayuM-pachI" pa (107) ("keTalAMka kAvyo'). pitAnA mRtyue kavine jIvananuM UMDANa samajAvyuM. kavine jayasnAnI dhAramAM dUdhadhoyo maMtra pitRdevobhava' saMbhaLAya che. A ja kAvyamAM kavi temanI mAtAne paNa aMjali Ape che. kavinA zaizavakALamAM ja emanAM mAtRzrInuM avasAna thayuM hatuM ne chatAM emanA harSabharyA hAsyane kavi bhUlyA nathI. kavi temanA pitAne dharma-mUrti ane mAne bhaktimUrti tarIke biradAve che jamazedajI nazaravAnajI pItIta (1858-1888) kavizrI pItItanA trIsame varSe thayelA avasAna pachI cAra varSe 1892mAM kavi mitra jIjIbhAI pestanajI mIstarIe emanAM kAvyono saMgraha "mAharI majeha tathA bIjI kavitAo' nAme pragaTa karyo che. bhAMgeluM vAhana' (loMgaphelo parathI) bApa dIkarInA mRtyunI karuNa kathA kahetuM kAvya che. dariyAI tophAnamAM pitAnA mRtyu bAda raDI raDI dInahIna banelI dIkarInA mRtyunuM kavie kAvyamayavarNana karyuM che. savAra UgatAM mAchImAre kinArA para tene mRta avasthAmAM joI. ' "sukAyuM hatuM tenI chAtI upara dariyAnuM jala ne AMkho aMdara sUkyAM'tAM AMsuo tenAM sadA jAna teno tajIne gayo'to tana ne Avyo to Aphatano cheDo ne aMta" 58 (mAharImajeha tathA bIjI kavitAo" pR. 320) mRtyu pAmelA bhAIne yAda karatI bahenano paritApa "gujarelo bhAI (nagIlamena uparathI) varNavAyo che. bhAI kema sUto che? ne e bolato kema nathI ? evA prazno e kare che. ne tyAre mA, bhAIe bIjI jagatamAM amara janama lIdho hovAnuM AzvAsana Ape che. P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 114 UMghAyelI mAzuka loMgaphelonI kavitA parathI raceluM kAvya che. mRtapriyAnA saMdarbhamAM dardamadhura saMvedana ahIM vyakta thayuM che. tyAM kabaramAM potAnI priyA sUtelI hovAthI nAyaka vAdaLI AkAzanI aMdara UgelA unALAnA tArAone enI rozanI ochI karavA saLagatA caMdrane parvatanI pIThamAM chupAI javA ne doDatA pavanane velA para thobhI javA vinave che. paMkhIone pAMkhono phaphaDATa tathA ghoMghATa tyajI devA kahe che. paraMtu unALAnA svapnane kavi sAmethI nimaMtre che. jethI e enI zAzvata nidrAmAM poDhelI priyAne jANa kare, ke te (premI). enI paDozamAM roja rAta daramyAna priyAnI bhALa kADhavA Ave che. "guma thayelo pyAra'mAM (vaDajhavartha parathI) eka ajANI kanyAnA mRtyu aMgeno paritApa vyakta thayo che. e koNa hatI enI duniyAne khabara nathI. paNa kavine enA mRtyu saMdarbhe duHkhanuM kaphana jarUra maLyuM. paccIsa ja varSanuM AyuSya bhogavI mRtyu pAmanAra kavi gajendrarAya bucanI pratibhA nirALI hatI. 1922 thI 27 sudhInAM chellAM pAMceka varSamAM temaNe agatyanI kAvyaracanAo karI. "prakRtinA AlaMbanathI mukta rahelA sIdhA ciMtanapradhAna tathA bhAvanApradhAna kAvyomAM kavinI zakti vadhu vikaselI che." (a. ka. suMdaram pR. 432) sauthI vadhu vedhaktA arUDha navIna zailImAM lakhelAM traNa mRtyukAvyomAM che. "vidhu "bAbu" ane "smazAne. bALakanA mRtyunI vyathAne marmavidAraka kAruNyathI AlekhyAM che. "vidhu' pro. durkALanA putranA avasAna aMge lakhyuM. jemAM mRtyunI nIrava bhayAnaktAne kavi vAcA Ape che. dUra citAmAM poDhelA bhAInA bhaDakA niyaMtA paranA bahenanA vizvAsane adazya kare che. AkAzamAM saheja amathI jhabakIne viramI jatI uSAnI jemaja mRtyu pAmelI potAnI dIkarI uSAnA vidyutajvALA samA nAnakaDA jIvanano nirdeza 'uSAno saMdeza'mAM thayo che. jo ke nAnA paNa premapuSpa banI rahenArA e madhura suMdara jIvananuM prabhune thayeluM samarpaNa kavi uttama gaNe che. "smazAne' kAvya paNa svAnubhUtimAMthI TapakeluM hovAthI vizeSa bhAvavAhI banyuM che. putrI uSAnA avasAna pachInA AghAtane vyakta karatuM A kAvya sahaja UrmiuchALane pragaTa kare che. bhAvanI sumadhura najAkata ahIM sIdhI haiyAmAMthI jANe Tapake che. "DhaLI khAMdhe, kahe zuM ama ghara | 'uSA' AthamI gaI" 59 ('gajendramauktiko 64) jarAya takalIpha na paDe ema kusumanI cAdara uSAne oDhADavA taiyAra thAya che. nIrava zAMtimAM nirAMte jaMpI gayelA bALakane khalela na paDe tethI pitA kahe che. "kahe tyAM poDhADuM kaTurava, jarI kAna na paDe" 0 (pAnuM. 64). paNa je hAthe lADa karyA e hAtha vaDe e bIDAyelI kaLIne aMgArano sparza to nahi ja ApI zakuM. smazAne gayA tyAre kavi to raDI paNa na zakyA. basa nadInAM khaLakhaLa jatAM nIrane anyamanaska bhAve teo joI rahyA. baLevane divase avasAna pAmelI bALakI agAdha smaraNo mUkI gaI, ne tamAma baLevane baLatI karI gaI. kavi kahe che khAlI hAthe pAchA vaLatAM patnI pUchaze" vaLuM khAlI hAthe gharabhaNI pUche dvAramahIM e "pratApI tApIne taTa muja baTuM zuM nahi ruve? 'baLeve bALakI poDhI e baLeva sadA baLe 5 (gajendra-moktiko' pAnuM 64) P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 115 , viSNuprasAda trivedInA dIkarA "bAbu'nA mRtyu saMdarbhe lakhAyeluM "bAbu' lAgaNIsabhara kAvya che. bAbu gayo che ema koI mAnI zakatuM nahi. bAbunA avasAna pachI paNa enI pathArI niyamita patharAtI paNa pAcho tarata khyAla AvatAM samajAtuM ke "hatuM te to tuM rahyuM sAdI saraLa vANImAM "che" ne "hatuM'no masamoTo bheda kavi samajAve che. phUla zA komaLa bALakane apAyelo aMgAra sparza pitA bhUlI zakatA nathI. citAno tApa zamI jAya che. paNa pelo AMtaratApa kemeya nathI zamato. kALajAnI vyathA kALajAmAM bhaMDArI daI pitA kahe bhUlyo.... na mAre ura kholavAnuM" paramazAMtinI icchA dharAvato svastha thavA mathato mAnava have nIravaM ekAMta Icche che. saMbhAraNAM'mAM svajana, mRtyu pAmatAM pachI jIvanamAM vyApelA sUnakAranI vyathA vyakta thaI che. Ama to jagatamAM kyAMya kazuM badalAyuM nathI.... paNa.... . cakita nayane Aje zodho have mRgatRplikA" 2 (gajendra-mauktiko pR. para) satanA bhaNakArA, gayelA mATenI jhaMkhanA "mRgatRSNikA' che ne chatAM mAnava ene jhaMkhe che. nAnAM nAnAM bALa akALe murajhAI jatAM vidhAtAne karelI phariyAda "bhagnahRdaya ('gajendramauktiko' pR. 62)mAM vyakta thaI che. pUruM khIlatAMya pahelAM akALe kusumo kema karamAI jAya che? bALaka mRtyu pAmyA pachI kyAMya sudhI pitAne e kALabhairavanA khaDakhaDa thatA aTTahAsya saMbhaLAya che. kavi "sAgare' (jagannAtha dAmodaradAsa tripAThI) (1883-1936) I. sa. 1909mAM (vi. saM. 1965) so pAnAnuM kAvya "thAkeluM hRdaya' pragaTa karyuM. sAgaranI kavitAne biradAvatAM suMdarama noMdhe che "ekAda madhura zabdane laIne te bevaDAvavA, tevaDAvavAnI kavinI suMdara yukti kevaLa zabdanuM ja nahi, paNa arthanuM paNa saMgIta sAdhavAmAM khUba kAma Ave che." (a.ka. muM. ra00) "thAkeluM hRdaya kalApIne apAyelI premAzrapUrNa zraddhAMjali che. kalApInA mRtyunI ja nahi, emanA jIvananI vedanA paNa A kavine halAvI gaI hatI. "janma zuM? mRtyu zuM? loko lagAre jANatA nathI" ("thAkeluM hRdaya' 72). premIo mAtra premanA abhAvane ja "mRtyugaNe che. dIvAnasAgara' prathama tabakkAmAM 1901 thI 1908 sudhInAM kAvyo graMthastha thayAM che. jemAMnuM 'nivApAMjali" kAvya pitAnI puNyatithie racAyeluM aMjali-kAvya che. pitA vinAno putra nirAdhArIno anubhava kare che. arere sAle che zabavahana hAruM mama khabhe"e5 ('dIvAne sAgara' pahelo tabakko pR. 16) e prasaMga yAda karatAM teo asvastha bane che. dIvAne sAgara' bIjo tabakko 1908 thI 1913 sudhInAM kAvyono che. kalApIne P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 116 kavi "mahAtmA' tathA "snehayogI' tarIke biradAve che. kalApIne sAcI zraddhAMjali emane priya AMsunAM phUla vaDe nhAnAlAlIya zailImAM kavi arpe che. cItaranAranI pIMchI ADe pAchA AMsuDAMnAM paDa che. "rudana' kAvya zIrSaka sUcave che tema sAceja lAgaNIveDAthI sabhara che. kavi vicAre che. emanuM hRdaya haju phATI kema nathI jatuM? sadUgata vhAlAMonI mRtyukhaTaka hRdayamAM satata rahyA kare che. "jaMgalano mahemAna'mAM kavi AMsunI smRtino mahimA gAya che. ne ene premanI philasUphI tarIke biradAvI haMmeza tAjI rAkhavAno anurodha kare che. kalApIrUpI kuraMga nehadavamAM zekAtuM rahyuM, ne chatAM premanA e ghAne paNa kavi madhura gaNAve che. paNa have to vicitra jaMgalano e nivAsI koIka dUra dezano pravAsI banI cUkyo che. ma yuvAna vaye avasAna pAmavAthI lagabhaga ajANyA rahI gayelA kavi narmadAzaMkara prabhurAma bhaTTane suMdaram eka AzAspada kavi tarIke oLakhAve che. kAntanA saphaLa anuyAyI tarIke paNa biradAve che. (a. ka. suM. 37576) kavie potAnA mRtyu pahelAM mahinAo lagI TakelI glAninA AvezamAM keTalIka kRtio phADI nAkhelI. jemAM keTalIka sArI paNa hatI. badhI kRtiomAM "zApasaMbhrama'ne suMdarame uttama kRti kahI che. A kAvya kavie kAntanA 'vasaMtavijaya'nI zailImAM I. sa. 1894/95mAM lakheluM, ne "sudarzana'mAM chapAvyuM hatuM. mRtyu pAmelI hariNIoe jANe zApa dIdho hoya ema kopelI azarIrI vANI pAMDu sAMbhaLe che. ne pachI poteja jaNAve che ke e mArA hRdayamAMnA atyaMta paritApano ja pratidhvani kAne saMbhaLAyo. jANe zApanA zabdo saMbhaLAya che. duHkhAbdhimAM dayita prANa harI DabAvI do tArI priyAmaNI thajo sthita thaje sthita - Arta AvI.... kArI karyo jakhama tIrathI kALajAmAM tuM pAmajo maraNane, muja zI dazAmAM" " (pAnuM. 26). maganalAla caturabhAI paTela I. sa. 1927mAM "kusumAMjali" nAmano kAvyasaMgraha pragaTa kare che. "prItigalapAza'mAM bAbuno avasAna saMdarbha gUMthI kavi kahe che ke janAra jIva to prItinA pAzaneya svIkArato nathI. sadUgata bAbune uddezI kavi kahe che "amane to ema ke tane to kadI mRtyunI dizA nahi jaDe, tane e dizA batAvI koNe? arthAta e zI rIte marI zake? e mRtyu pAmyo che ema manAtuM ja nathI. "madhuri mUrti kAvya paNa karuNarasane vahAvatuM kAvya che. pelA mRta pAmelA zizune ja yAda karIne zoka vahAvAyo che. bAbunI madhura mUrti kSaNe kSaNe taravare che. priya bALakanuM mRtyu svIkArI nathI zakAtuM. bAbu jANe AjubAju harato pharato hoya evo bhAsa thAya che. kavi lalitajInAM kAvyomAM paNa kyAMka thoDo mRtyusaMdarbha vaNAyo che. (18771946) "lalitajI eTale lalita ja, lagIra paNa suMdara' nhAnAlAlanA A zabdomAM lalitanI lokapriya kavitA-pravRttino sAra AvI jAya che. I. sa. 1912mAM "lalitanAM kAvyo' tathA 1932mAM "lalitanAM bIjAM kAvyo' pragaTa thAya che. "bhUlI zakuM kema kahe ?' ('lalitanAM kAvyo')mAM vasamA zAzvata viyoganI vAta che. patipatnInAM sahavAsa-smaraNo, Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S.

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 117 patnI jatAM vizeSa sAMbhare che. AMsune abhiSeke saMsArane mastaka para dhAraNa karavAmAM satata bhAgIdAra banelI patnI to emanI "jiMdagI' samAna hatI. e zI rIte bhUlI zake ? to davasamAM svajanone ApavI paDatI vidAyane kavi "vasamI' gaNAve che. vidAya samaya kahI paNa zuM zakAya? kevaLa azrubharI zraddhAMjali. "sata devIno saMvatsara' racAyuM patnInI mRtyutithinA saMdarbhamAM. sAthe sAthe anya divaMgata svajanone paNa kavi zraddhAMjali arpe che. sakhino mAtRviraha' kAvyamAM patnInAM mAnuM avasAna thatAM duHkhada cittasthitine kavi vAcA Ape che. e kumaLA vadana para e samaye akathya asahya karuNarasanA bhAvo hatA. bhAIzaMkara kuberajI zukle "kAvyavilAsa' nAmano kAvyasaMgraha bahAra pADyo. jemAM "yama" ane "naciketAno saMvAda' nAmanuM kAvya kaThopaniSadanA saMvAdanA bhAvAnuvAdarUpa lakhyuM. vatsarAja vAsavadattA vinoda' "nRpavilApa' kAvyanuM vastu bhAsanA "vAsavadattA' nATaka para AdhArita che. vAsavadattAne saMketa pramANe bhoMyarA vATe bahAra ravAnA karI rAjakIya utkarSanA hetu mATe, rANI vAsavadattA baLI gayAnA samAcAra dAsI rAjAne ApavA jAya che. tyAranI rAjAnI manaHsthitinuM kavie ahIM varNana karyuM che. "devI kero jagatamahIM zuM nAza e hoya satya?" 2 ('kAvyavilAsa' pAnuM. 91). devIne bALI nAkhanAra agnine e krUra pAvaka tarIke oLakhAve che. AkrozathI koI meghakhaMDa khaLabhaLI UThe, ne avanitalane aMdhakAra chAI de tema "mUcha pAmI daDadaDa paDyo dIrgha nizvAsa nAMkhI" " (pR. 91) "kAvyavilAsa "netromAMthI kharara karatI azrudhArA akhaMDa cattopATa abudha paDIo hoya zuM caMdra akhaMDa." ("kAvyavilAsa' (1) A kAvyamAM cotho khaMDa rAjAnA vilApano che. udayana vadhu vyathita eTalA mATe che ke potAnI priyAnuM zaba paNa jovA na pAmyo. ene to priya patnInI bhasma paNa na maLI eno tIvra AghAta e anubhave che. vIsamI sadInA AraMbhakALamAM ApaNane dIpakabA desAInI kavitAo maLe che. stavanamaMjarI' nAmano saMgraha teo Ape che. "dharmajJAnA avasAna nimitte apAyelI aMjalimAM khIlatI kAramI latA (latAne kAramI kahevAya ?) palakamAM zUnya cetanA banI gayAno viSAda kavayitrIe vyakta karyo che. ardhakhIlelA e phUlaDAe mRtyunA prakhara tApane zI rIte sahana karyo haze? 'priyAne'mAM krUra kALane uddezI dIpakabA karuNa Akroza vyakta kare che. "akALe kumaLI kaLI kAM zUTI"? ('stavanamaMjarI" 80) sadUgata svajananA guNo saMbhArI teo jhUre che. potAnI AzAone chinnabhinna karI cAlI janAra madhuramUrti bahenane teo yAda kare che, ne kalpAMta kare che. potAne ghera ja pharI janma levAno anurodha temanI punarjanmanI mAnyatAne pragaTa kare che. "dIpakabAnAM khaMDakAvyomAM 'citradarzana ane P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 118 pUrvasmaraNa' vizeSa rasaprada kAvyAtmakatA dhAraNa kare che. jo ke baMne khaMDakAvyo anuvAdita che. kyAreka alaMkAra, padAvali ane chaMda traNeya dvArA bhAvAtmaka gatizIla citra aMkita thaI jAya evuM ke - "ane tyAM zuM dIThuM... dimUDha khare huM banI gayo. bicAro koI tyAM kumaLI kadaLIzo DhaLI paDyo paDyo che ghA UMDo arara, vahatI raktasarItA gaLAmAMthI bole, karuNavacano "hA thayuM zuM A" "ajANyA AMdhaLA ghA-no roSanA dharIe jarA .... re re traNe agnine soMpiyA mahe" - ("kAvyapaMditA' pR. 24) sau sumatibahena bhUpatarAya mahetA (I. sa. 189Q/1911)no maraNottara kAvyasaMgraha hRdayajharaNAM' 1912mAM pragaTa thAya che. jemAM sthaLe sthaLe aMgrejI kavi brAuniMganI racanAomAM rUpAMtarAdi najare paDe che. sau sumatie kAvyano AraMbha bhASAMtarathI ja karyo hato. "vIranI vidhavA' TenisananA homa pe boTa hara vorIyara' kAvyanuM bhASAMtara che. "mRtyu dvArA jIvana ilijhAbetha brAuniMganA "AIDolsa oNpha lAIpha enDa Detha' nAmanA kAvya uparathI kareluM che. "vIranI vidhavA mRtyu pAmelA vIra sainikanI sUnamUna banI gayelI patnInuM haiyuM mokaLuM karavAnA prayatnarUpe eka vRddhA, sainikanI patnInA khoLAmAM enA bALakane suvADatAM e 'tuM ja arthe jIvuM chuM huM kahI haiyAphATa rudana kare che. e prasaMga vaNyo che. smazAnabhUmi kAvyamAM mAtapitA taraphanI bhAvormi saMyukta rUpe pragaTa thAya che. smazAnanuM varNana bhayAnaka nathI. anyanA mRtyu saMdarbhe potAnA mRtyu pAmelAM svajano vizeSa yAda Ave. ahIM saunI dhIra, vIra, UMca, nIca.... badhAnI citA baLe che. rahelAnA hRdayane khinna kare che. maraNa ATaluM duHkhada hoI zake e khyAla ja na hato ne acAnaka "mRtyudeva chUpAI pUrNa samaye peTho hamAre gRha kheMcI lIdhI garIba mhArI bhaginI duHkha haiyuM sahe" 2 ('hRdayajharaNAM' pR. 21). ....jenA AdhAte kavayitrInAM mAe paNa pachI aMtima prayANa karyuM. mAtAnA mRtyu aMge paritApa nathI. ahIM badhA svastha che. saddagata mAtAne paralokamAM sukhI rahevA jaNAve che. smazAnabhUmi joI mAnuM mRtyu yAda AvI jatAM ura lAgaNIthI bharAI jAya che. teo kahe "nA tuTayAMnI buTI che." to nAnA bALakane vidhAtA kema khUMcavI le che e paNa kavayitrI samajI zakatAM nathI. kavi khabaradArano (1881-1953) prathama kAvyasaMgraha "kAvyarasikA' 1901mAM pragaTa thAya che. "kavIzvara dalapatarAmanuM zokajanaka mRtyu' lAgaNIonA ubharAvALuM sAmAnya kAvya che. "putrIviraha' kavie potAnI caudamAsanI putrInA avasAna nimitte lakheluM sAmAnya kAvya che. dIkarI mahino janma 28/10/1899 ne avasAna 18/12/1900 e P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtvanuM nikA : 16/8 thayeluM. A kAvyamAM kUDA kALe prItitaNuM AzAvaMtuM ula nAdha jAna, zreya jaja ja 'kalikA' kAvyasaMgraha 1926mAM pragaTa thAya che. A saMgrahamAM che, jAta, kat -ja premaviSayaka ciMtana rajU thayuM che. "deha nahIM rahe mAtra che kAmanuM jana jana jIvananA sanAtana niyamanuM kavi uccAraNa kare che. nAnAM bANa lalma karuNamAM paryavasAna pAme che. kavi kahe che "jIvana muke che adA khajunA - 8 - 4 - chatAM deha vilIna thatAM koI apUrva tejagarbhanI zAzvatatAmAM kaya, zraddhA che. kavi khabaradAranI putrInA (hemInA) akALa maravA jAi - kAvyasaMgrahano (1931) janma thAya che. putrI emInAnA akALa avasAna,ri i. paMktinuM lAMbuM karuNaprazasti kAvya AkhuM ja moTo mRtyusaMdarbha banIne Ave che. (harI-vanA janma 9/11/1901 avasAna 17/7/1928) jIvana pAchaLa na kayama, jIvana bIjuM rahe mRtyunAM paDa pachI paDa upaDatAM" ("rika . 3) AvuM kahyA pachI paNa kavi vivaza bane che. DUmo bharAya che. jJAna pAchuM diluM che. jaya che. "vikAsanI vedanA' nAmanA cothA khaMDamAM vaLI pAcho nirAzAno sUra saMbhaLAya che, kada ahIM "aMdhAra'ne mRtyunA pratIka tarIke gaNave che. aMdhArarUpI sarpa (mRtyu) kathAnuM sau homAtA jatA hovA chatAM duHkhathI hArI javAnI to kavi nA ja pADe che. phA mahAzilpI mahAkavinI sarjanakaLAmAM zraddhA rAkhavAnuM kahe che. ne anubhava mAnavane kaMi ane bhaMga karavA prere che. "cho badhAM duHkha khAtAM hRdaya kotarI cho badhI vedanA deha pIlatI" (140 darzanika) badhI vyAdhi tathA badhI vedanA kavi pI javA taiyAra che. "dharmavAdanuM dhummasa nAmanA pAMcamA khaMDamAM kavi judI ja rIte dharmaciMtana rajU kare che. "svarga ane narakane kavi mAnava kadI nahIM joyelA "svapnaloka'nuM nAma Ape che. jJAna eka vAta che, ne anubhava judI vAta che. jJAnanI game teTalI vAto karavA chatAM jayAre koI AtmIyajana mRtyu pAme che, tyAre mAnavanuM haiyuM khaLabhaLI UThe che. kavi dharmamAM mAne che, dharmavAdamAM nahi. sAna mAtva anaMtatvano bheda zI rIte pAmI zake ? "saMtonAM pagalAMnI keDImAM kavinI chAtImAM bApunA uranI pAMdaDIonA pamaratA snehano nirdeza thayo che. kavinI uravAMsaLI karuNa sUra kADhe che. "bApujInI mazAla pUThemAM kavi potAnA ja jIvane rahyAMsahyAM gIto.mAI levAnuM sUcave che. gAMdhIjInuM jIvana paNa kALanI cakkImAM pisAI jatAM kavinA hRdaye UMDA cIrA paDyA che. "phUlacUMTaNI' kAvyamAM kavi potAnA vAstavika anubhavomAMthI TapakatI vedanA rajU karatAM vyathAto anubhave ja che. svajananA mRtyunuM duHkha asahya che. kavinA jIvanamAM kaMIka kaLI khIlyA vinA ja karamAI gaI che. nAnAM puSpa samAM bALa karamAI jatAM kavinuM haiyuM | cirAI gayuM che. ne e puSponI suMdaratA yAda karatAM kavi azru sAre che. P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 120 govardhanayuga-mRtyu svarUpa mRtyucitana, mRtyunI vAstavikatA - tathA mRtyunI bhayAnakatA snehamudrA'nA sarjakanuM ciMtana ja mRtyujanita zokanuM zAmaka che. "mRtyu eTale basa AtyaMtika vinAza ja, ke pachI tenI pAra kaMI hotuM haze? mRtyu je Ama apratihata ane anivArya, to jIvanano ane puruSArthano artha zo ? AvA AvA prazno kavihRdayane gherI vaLe che. "snehamudrAnuM mRtyaciMtana dhyAna kheMce tevuM che.") ema anaMtarAya rAvaLe noMdhyuM che." vaNa Adi ne vaNa aMta vaNa AkAra ne vaNa mApa sthira eka ne jaga saMcare te mAMrI je te eka huM" kai 85 mA kAMDamAM samudragarjana baTukaDA mAnavIne amRtattvanA satanA anaMta pravAhanI jhAMkhI karAvI bhavya gaMbhIra vANImAM udyo che. jagatamAM kaMI ja naSTa thatuM nathI. nAzano to mAtra AbhAsa dekhAya che. hatuM te hajI che. pratidhvani'mAM mRtyu pachI jIvano kevI rIta aihika jagata sAthe saMbaMdha rahe che, te vize praznottara che." "svapnamAdhuryamAM priyArUpI laharInuM zarIra paMcamahAbhUtamAM lIna thaI paMcabhUtanA jagatamAM maLI adazya thaI gayAno nirdeza che." * "evA rUDA AMbaliyAnI DALa mUkIne | koyala kyAM gayA re tamane AvI che AvI pAMkha AMbaliyo apaMga che re Ubho Ubho phUle ne karamAya" 7 mAM anyoktinA camakArA che. yamatimiranA paDadA taLe potAnI patnI DhaMkAI rahelI che. kaMI nAza nathI pAmI. mRtyuno paDado phADI tenI pAchaLanA satya paLavAra dekhADanAra jagavyApI smazAna prabodharUpa zokanAzaka prakAza te (nAyaka) pote che. nAyakanI priyA anaMtatAmAM lIna thayelI che. tethI dekhAtI nathI. zarIra jIvana mRtyutha lAge che. paNa AtmA to mRtyunA paDadAnI pele pAra evo ne evo tejasvI che. "jIva marato, mRtyu jIvatuM" & "snehamudrA (pR. 131 snehamudrA) - govardhanarAmanI mRtyu pAmelI dIkarI lIlAvatI nimitte kavie "lIlAvatI jIvanacaritra' lakhyuM. jemAM mRtyu pAmelI dIkarI tattvacarcA karatI hoya evI kalpanA kavie karI che. mRtyu pAmelI dIkarI jANe "koNa strI? ne puruSa koNa ? apatya ko, ko tAta ?' evA sanAtana prazno mUkatI gaI. kavine samajAtuM nathI zoka zo karavo ? zake tyavoya ze? zokapAna karyuM tyAM jJAnano udaya thayo. mohatimira viramI jAya che. paNa jyAM A timira naSTa thAya che tyAM dIkarIne ucheranAra kavibhaginI paNa DulI jAya che. sau maraNazIla, tethI kavi kahe che. P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 121 "huM dekhuM vizvamAM rAkha huM dekhuM vizvane khAkha" ("lIlAvatI jIvanakalA' pR.146) prakRtivikRti bhegA maLI ghaDIka A zarIra dhAraNa kare che. ne pachI kAraNakAyA zamI jAya che. malakAtI lIlAvatI jANe "A ja paraloka" kahetI UbhI dekhAya che. putrI pitAne AtmadaSTie potAne jovA vinave che. "nahi huM putrI tame nahIM tAta" bhavasAgaramAM aTavAtA pitAnI mUMjhavaNanuM sukAna putrI jhAlIne beThI che. e nayananI kIkImAhIM kavi paralokane nihALe che. ne AnaMda-pArAvAra anubhave che. pitAe dIkarInuM jIvanamaraNa saMnyAsI banIne joyuM. indrajItavadha'mAM kavi dolatarAma paMDyA indrajItanuM varNana karatAM kahe che, IndrajIta ema mAne che ke ekavAra maravAnuM ja che, to raNamAM mRtyu pAmavuM e to atiuttama che. indrajIta baDAI mAratAM eTale sudhI kahe che ke ati komaLa rAma potAnA yamadaMDasamA zarane jIravI nahi zake, rAma jANe sUtelA yamane jagADI sAmethI mota mAge che, evuM e mAne che ne dhAro ke raNAMgaNamAM potAnuM mRtyu thAya to enAthI vaLI rUDuM zuM? to rANI maMdodarI putra yamarAja sAthe bAthabhIDI che e jANavA chatAM mAnuM haiyuM to AzIrvAda ja Ape che. maMdodarI sItAne samajAvavAno prayAsa karatAM kahe che "maraNa rAdhavaneya mUkaze nahi tethI rAmane maraNamAMthI bacAvavA mATe paNa rAvaNa sAthe paraNavAno anurodha e kare che. aDhAramA sargamAM pharI maMdodarI e ja vAta karIne sItAne vadhu samajAvavA yatna kare che. "sau kALanA vazamAM homAya che koI amara ane anaMta nathI. janma ane maraNanuM cakra abhedya che." paNa sItAne to paramanidhAna patimAM, rAmamAM akhUTa zraddhA che. rAmane akhaMDa, abhedya ne vikaTa yamarAyanA aMta tarIke teo pramANe che. maraNathI para pUraNa brahma" 80 (pR. 99 "indrajItavadha') rAma maraNathI para che eTaluM ja nahi eto kALano kALa che e vAtamAM sItAne atUTa zraddhA che. rAma pratye apAra snehabhAva darzAvatA vAnaro "mRtyune viraha karatAM vadhu zubha gaNe che. e vAtano ullekha trevIsamAM sargamAM thayo che. dolatarAma kavie "sumanaguccha' (I. sa. 1899 saM. 1955) racyuM jemAM sIdhuM ja mRtyaciMtana che. "moha' nAmanA kAvyamAM kavi maraNanuM RNa utAravAnI anivAryatAno nirdeza kare che. akhUTa dhanadhAnyano saMgraha karI indra jevo vaibhava bhego karI vaTamAM pharato mAnavI maraNano devAdAra che. maraNane paisA vaDe kharIdI, ke haMphAvI zakAtuM nathI ke ene lAMca ApI zakAtI nathI. "maraNane nahi dravya mUMLuM kare" abhimAnI mAnavane kavi mRtyunuM karAladarzana karAve che. AgaLanA pradezamAM, mRtyu pachInI yAtrA to ekalA ja karavAnI che. to "mRtyu' kAvyamAM to khUba ja spaSTapaNe sIdhuM ja mRtyaciMtana vyakta thayuM che. kavi kahe che jotajotAmAM A kAyAno ghaDo phUTI javAno, jaMtaranuM taMtara tUTI jaze, to pachI A badhI jhaMjhaTa zAne? kavi kahe che "aMte kAyAno zAzvata viyoga thavAno ja hoya to pachI enI mAyA zAne? sRSTinI sarva auSadhio bhegI karavAmAM Ave, jyotiSI pAse maMtrajApa karAvavAmAM Ave, toya mRtyuno koI vikalpa nathI. maranAranI mAno vilApa, bApano abhizApa, patnInI vyathA ke bALakonI avadazA kazuM ja mRtyune sparzI zakatuM ke P.P.AC. Gunrathasur M.S. Gun Saladhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 122 rokI zakatuM nathI. mRtyu viSe kavi ahIM niSedhAtmaka rIte vicAre che. jIvanavArinI A nAnakaDI ghera jotajotAmAM vahI jaze. ne ekAeka camacama karatI mRtyusoTI vAgaze. 'virAga' vibhAganA vRddhA' kAvyamAM spaSTapaNe mRtyunuM Alekhana nathI. paNa dhIme dhIme AvI rahelA mRtyuno aNasAra jotAM vRddhAnI manodazA varNavI che. "janmane ArethI nIkaLI Avyo mRtyukinAre' jotajotAmAM mAnava janmane kinArethI mRtyukinAre AvI pahoce che. mRtyuno soTo vAgatAM habakI dhrUjI jatA mAnavanuM varNana "avasAna' kAvyamAM karyuM che. janmathI sAtha nibhAvanAra dehane tyajvo paDaze. kALanA baLabaLatA cakramAM cagadAvuM paDaze. ghora verAnamAM ekalA cirakALa sudhI pharavuM paDaze. mRtyu-samayanI kSaNanI paristhitinI kalpanA karatAM kavi kahe che, mRtyuSaNa AvatAM cAre bAju aMdhAruM aMdhAruM lAgaze, chAtImAM baLatarA thaze. kALa mAnavane aMte daLI nAkhaze ne pachI cALaze. pahelethI nahI cetanArAne kavi jANe ahIM cImakI Ape che. maraNa pachInuM sthAna paNa saunuM nakkI ja haze. sAthe rAkha paNa nahi Ave. khAlI hAthe ja javAnuM. "asAratA' kAvyamAM kavi saMsAranI asAratA tathA mAthe gAjyA karatA maraNa tarapha dhyAna dore che. aMtaHkaraNane ja "yama" tarIke gaNAvatA A kavi bahAranA karatAM aMdaranA yamathI vadhAre gabharAvAnuM kahe che. "kusumAMjali' kAvyasaMgrahamAM kavi bhImarAve sane 1885nA me mahinAnI 7mIne guruvAre vaDodarAnA mahArAjA sayAjIrAvanAM dharmapatnI mahArANI camanAbAInA akALe thayelA avasAna nimitte "smaraNacihuna' nAmanuM zraddhAMjali kAvya lakhyuM che. A kAvyane satyendra bhImarAve zokapUrNa paNa madhura kAvya tarIke oLakhAvyuM che. caMdranI bIjarekhA saheja prakAzI gayAnuM kavi varNave che. eka phUla khIle, ne bIjuM koI sUe, koI jAgRta thAya, koIka hase ne koIka raDe, astodayanA A niyama kaLI zakAtA nathI. 1887mAM narasiMharAvanA "kusumamALA' kAvyasaMgraha sAthe arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM eka navo unmeSa pragaTa thAya che. "kALacakra' kAvyane aMte kALanA sapATAmAM cUro thatA mAnavanI naSTaprAyatA kavie varNavI che. mAnavanI pAmaratAno nirdeza karatAM kavi, A vizALa siMdhusamA janasamudAyamAM mAnavane eka buddhadU samAna gaNAve che. "AzApaMkhI' kAvyamAM mRtyune rAkSasa tarIke oLakhAvatAM kavi mRtyunI pele pAra gayA pachI AnaMda ja AnaMda hovAnuM mAne che. ne tethI ja tyAM sudhI pelA AzApaMkhIne dhIraja dharavAnuM teo kahe che. "vidhavAno vilApa'mAM vidhavA nArI jamane uddezI potAno Akroza vyakta kare che. mota ghaDyuM to bhale ghaDyuM paNa taruNane zire e kema vaheluM Ave ? potAnI dIkarI mATe kadI na mare evo vara zodhavAnI taraMgI kalpanA enI vedanAjanya abhivyakti che. 1896mAM pragaTa thayela "hRdayavINAnAM kAvyomAM narasiMharAve vividha saMdarbhe mRtyaciMtana pragaTa karyuM che. mRtyunI gherI chAyAe emanA pahelAnA utsAhane kSINa karI nAkhyo hato. ramaNIya prakRtitattvoya pachI to emane zokanuM gaMbhIra gAna saMbhaLAvatAM hoya ema lAgatuM hatuM. "jaLadhodhamAMthI paNa kavine zokaghero UMDo pratidhvani saMbhaLAya che. "timiranuM gAna'mAM mAtApitA vinA TaLavaLatA anAtha zizunI avadazAnuM citra kavi Ape che. paNa pachI hRdayanI svasthatA ane jJAnadaSTi mRtyune kavino mitra banAvI de che. have avasAnano nAda emanA hRdayakuMjamAM pravezI alaukika kUjana kare che. e rahasyamaya kUjana kavi kaLI zakatA P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 123 na hovA chatAM e "mRtyugAna' kavine game to che ja ene pariNAme sarjAtAM kavi kavi pAchA dosta avasAnane "avasAna' kAvyamAM samarpita kare che. hRdayavINA' pachI aDhAra varSe nUpurajhaMkAra' bahAra paDe che. ahIM paNa avAranavAra mRtyuno saMdarbha kavi gUMthI Ape che. prakRti taraphanuM valaNa paNa badalAyuM che. "mRtyune prArthanA'mAM kavi motane ghaDIbhara thobhI javA vinave che. kAraNa haju to emanAM aramAno ane gAna adhUrAM che. kavi TenisananA 'Terara oNpha Detha' nAmanA anuvAda kAvya ("golDana TrejharI') "maraNano bhaya'mAM kavinI lekhinI paripakva graMthanI racanA kare e pahelAM mRtyu AvI pahoMcavAnI kavinI bhIti prakaTa thAya che. bIjuM badhuM to ThIka paNa mRtyu AvI pahoMcaze to pachI sRSTisaudarya tathA premanA pArAvArano rasa cAkhavA nahi maLe. mArI korelInI chellI navalakathA "lAIpha evara lAsTIMga' vAMcyA pachI eka mitranI sUcanA parathI racAyelA "mRtyunuM maraNa" nAmanA prerita kAvyamAM svastha cittanI parama zAMtinI paramajJAnanI paLono AviSkAra jovA maLe che. ahIM zarUmAM mRtyunI durjayatA batAvanArA vicAro che. pachI eno uttara ApatAM ajJAna dUra thatAM ne jJAna prakaTatAM kavi mRtyunA nAza'nI vAta kare che. vyartha bhayane kAraNe atyAra sudhI mRtyunI bhayAnaka mUrti raNyAnuM kavi kabUle che. amarapaNuM e vyApaka svarUpa hovAnI pratIti thAya che. jIvanabeTane parajIvana sAthe joDanAra tattva "mRtyu' hovAnuM samajAya che. paNa Ama kahyA pachI tarata kavi pAchA karAla kALanA prahAranI vAta kare che. mAnA moM sAme joI kAluM hAsya karatA zizune karALa kALa jhaDapI leze. AzleSamAM ramatAM premIo paLavAramAM karALa mRtyuno koLiyo banI jaze jagamAM anivAra ramatA mRtyune koInI dayA nathI. mRtyuno vadha karavA koNa samartha che? ema kahyA pachI tarata kavi kahe che "ajJAnatimira cAlyuM jatAM mRtyu marI jAya che. ne tyAre jIvana parajIvana beya ekaja saritanA vheNa sama bhAse che. "kisA gotamI' bauddhakathAne kendramAM rAkhI lakhAyelA "mRtyunI anivAryatAmAM khUba najAtathI taLapadI, nAjuka madhura saMvedanA chalakAI che. bALakanA mRtyu samayano prasaMga ane paLa khUba ja nAjuka hovA chatAM vedhaka rIte kavi nirUpe che. 1 "adhara puTanA banyathI muja stana taryuM vaLI te kSaNe" dra' ('hRdayavINA' pR. 67) mRtyunI anivAryatAne kavi "divya kaTu amRta' tarIke oLakhAve che. "jIvana' kAvyamAM jIvanamaraNanA avirata kramapravAhane prakRtinA saMdarbha dvArA kavi vyakta kare che. jUnA parapoTAno bhaMga thAya che, ne navA raMgIna parapoTA janme che. ne phINabharI choLa pragaTAve che. avasAna nimitte avasAna khuda azru sAre evI apekSA mRtyu sAthenI mitratAnuM sUcaka smaraNasaMhitA' kAvya kavinI tIvratama saMvedanAmAMthI TapakeluM che. mRtyaciMtana paNa gherI svAnubhUtino ja paripAka che. je, tarkavAdanA vAdathI sIdhI rIte sadhAtuM nathI, te mRtyu ane duHkhanA anubhavo sAdhI Ape che. tethI ja pleTo tattvajJAnane (Meditation of Death) kahe che. mRtyune kavi saLaMga dhArAvAhika jIvana vacceno parado mAne che. AtmAnI amaratAmAM emane zraddhA hovAthI sarva jagyAe mRta putra nalinakAntane upasthita joIne

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 124 teo AtaMtya ane zAzvatIno anubhava kare che. kavinA potAnA jIvanano uttarArdha eka moTI karuNAMtikA samo rahyo che. ne pratyeka paLe maMgala maMdira khulavAnI pratIkSAmAM teoe jIvana vItAvyuM. A kAlAdhIna jIvananI pAra rahelA sanAtana jIvanamAM kavi zraddhA dharAve che. mAnava-astitvane teo nityajIvananI chAyArUpa mAne che. narasiMharAva diveTiyAne mana mRtyu eka rUpAMtara che. adhika adhika vikAsanI bhUmi. mRtyu e jIvananuM ja anya rU5 che. mRtyu jIvanane eka judo ja artha Ape che. anaMta jIvanasiMdhamAM mRtyu to pachI banI rahe che kevaLa bubudda, parapoTo jIvana nahi. mRtyu parapoTo banI rahe che. jIvanasiMdhu to avirAma dhAre vahyA kare che. amarapaNuM pragaTatAM ja mRtyu marI jAya che. ahIM zarUmAM akaLAmaNa che. mRtyunI anivAryatA kavi svIkAre che. paNa jUnA pahelAM navuM jAya e zI rIte bane? vasaMtamAM ja kUNAM parNo kharI jAya to pachI Rta kyAM rahyuM ? jJAna ane bhaktinuM apUrva saMyojana A kAvyamAM thayuM che. mAnavajIvana kAlasiMdhunA paTa para ghasaDAtuM babutaraMga ja hoya to pachI e vivartI vilIna thatAM zoka ke duHkha zA mATe ? e satya kavine have samajAya che. (smaraNasaMhitA pAnuM. 34) "mRtyu e jIvanataNuM che anya rUpa budhI kahe nityanitya yamAla, jAya jaganA jIva jo" da2 (pR. 34) ahIM mRtyune jIvananA ja anyarUpa tarIke kavi oLakhAve che. - arvAcIna kavitAnA 'vasaMtavijaya'nuM bahumAna meLavanAra kAntanI kavitAmAM mRtyune tuccha mAnavAmAM AvyuM che. kavi sauMdarya, vasaMta temaja yauvanane, jIvanane tathA enI premapUrNa mRtyu vadhu zreyaskara hovAnuM kavi mAne che. "cakravAmithuna' kAvyamAM kavi 'viraha ne ja mRtyu tarIke oLakhAve che. viraha karatAM mRtyu ISTa "praNayamAM kAlakSepa te ja mRtyu. e karatAM to maraNanuM zaraNa bhaluM" 8 (ApaNAM khaMDakAvyo, TippaNa 210) virahamAM ja jhUravAnuM hoya to virahadu:khano ane sAthe jIvanano paNa aMta lAvavA sivAya bIjo upAya nathI. e cakravAkanuM priyAne sUcana. divasa jotAM jotAM sahayogamAM ja gahanamAM, mRtyunI UMDI khINamAM paDI duHkhI jIvanano aMta lAvavA cakravAkayugala vicAre che. (pachI phUdaDInA cihanathI ema karyAnuM jIvanano aMta ANyAnuM sUcana che.) avara kAMI upAya have nathI - virahajIvana saMhariye mathI gahanamAM paDiye dina dekhatAM | nayana mIMcI daI karI ekatA" 84 Ama viraha-jIvana baMneno aMta ANavA mATe A premIyugma mRtyunA gahanamAM dina dekhatAM ja eTale ke joDAyelA rahIne ja virahamRtyu ane rAtrinA pariNAma na jovA mATe AMkha mIMcIne ektA karIne mRtyunA gahanamAM paDe che. "menAvatInuM mRtyumAM janetA jatAM kharo tAja gumAvyAno gopIcaMdano anubhava varNavAyo che. chatAM ahIM mRtyunuM duHkha ke vyathA nathI. mA mATeno ahobhAva ane RNa-svIkAra vyakta thayA che. "hRdayagItA'mAM AtmAnI zAzvatatA tathA amaratAno ullekha thayo che. dehI eTale ke AtmA amara hovAthI svargamAM , P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 125 snehapUrvaka bheTavAnI kavi AzA seve che. AtmA navakusuma samAna che. e mare nahi. prabhunI samIpa pahoMce evI zraddhA vyakta thaI che. "avasAna' kAvyamAM kavi potAnAM kAvyo mRtyu ne arpaNa kare che. je sUcave che ke "mRtyu' emane mATe have kalyANamitra banI gayuM che. kavi mIThAM phUlaDAM samAna sadUgata svajanone yAda karI le che. potAnA badhA ja rasabhAvo avasAnane hRdaye haMmeza vase' evI prArthanA karI mRtyudevane vaMde che. te balavaMtarAya ThAkora mANasa mAtra jaMtuDuM hovAnuM jaNAve che. jIvana aparyApta che. kavino potAno patnInA niyata nizcita mRtyu sAmeno saMgharSa vyartha che. kavi balavaMtarAya samagra saMsArane ja mRtyumaya gaNAve che. ne emAM svajanamaitrIne teo amRta samAna gaNe che. kavi aMte smRtinoya lopa icche che. AvI sajjatA jeNe keLavI hoya tene mRtyunI bhIti to zenI ja hoya ? e Avo kAlanuM Aja A AjanuM abaghaDiye e agni ghaDeluM jhAjha nitanita ciMtaviye e have ame cho, sajja saphara mATe bAbu nahi rahyAM amAre kanja, kazAM IhanAM bAbu" 1 - ("eka javAba' bhaNakAra pR. 139) mRtyunuM nitya ciMtana karavAnuM kavi kahe che. mRtyune kavi A bhavasamuMdarane tarI javA mATenA agni bharelA jhAjha tarIke oLakhAve che. navI yAtrA karavA mATenA aMtima baMdare pahoMcavAnA jarUrI sAdhana tarIke mRtyuno svIkAra karyo che. ba. ka. ThA. nI svasthatAsabhara jIvanadaSTine kAraNe mRtyu moTI vibhISikA' temane kadI lAgI nathI. kavi ajJeyavAdI hovA chatAM paramatattvane mRtyu pachInI sthiti mATenA paramAlaMbana gaNIne prabaLa lAgaNIthI teo AgaLa vadhe che. "caDe aganakhoLiyuM pachI zuM zeSa ?" 86 (157) mRtyu pachI zuM ? kayA rUpe ? kyAM kema karIne jIvatuM haze ? tenI leza samaja nathI. sarvasamarpaNavRttine lIdheja kavi nhAnAlAlanA avasAna samaye ekadama mukhara banIne mRtyu re upADa paga upADI le mahane" 8 (pR. 159) kahI mRtyune saharSa nimaMtraNa pAThavI de che. "mRtyune sIdhuM saMbodhana karatAM kavi mRtyune prazna kare che. "tuM jANato zuM bALa yuvA vRddha bhedane?" 88 (pR. 160) kavi mRtyune mitrabhAve kahe che ke pote have sajja che. koI paNa paLe e dApuM cUkavI ApavA tatpara che. mitranI sAthe vArtAlApa karatA hoya tema DhaMDhoLIne pUche che. "mRtyu re ! haze ja kAna sAna : . ; vinaMtI sAMbhaLe tuM zuM kadI ' . . . ---- - tuM zuM kahyuM kare ?" 89 (pR. 160) mRtyu kadI koInI vinaMtI kAne dharatuM nathI ke koInuM kahyuM mAnatuM nathI. to "yamane P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 126 nimaMtraNamAM mRtyunuM vidheyAtmaka rUpa varNavI eno saharSa svIkAra thayo che. badhAja dalo jenA suzobhita banyAM che, evuM puSpa gahananizAnA AliMgane jakaDAya che. jAgIne jue che tyAM enI nIce navI phUTa AvI hoya che, tyAre potAnuM sthAna anya suMdara puSpa laI lIdhAnA parama saMtoSa sAthe e nizAgahanane yamane-mRtyune nimaMtraNa Ape che. kavine mRtyuno Dara nathI. paNa enI anizcitatA emane bhaDakAve che. kavine bhIti che, mRtyunA dUravanI, sAmIpya to teo icche ja che. vRddhatva, ekalatA ne viSAdamAMthI mukta thavA vaheluM mRtyu icchatA kavithI jANe mRtyu dUra bhAgatuM hoya ema lAge che. mRtyune kavi 'virAmamadhu' kahe che. ne "visAmo" paNa kahe che. eno artha e ke AgaLa yAtrA cAlu che, nAma bhale punarjanmanuM na ApIe. mRtyu to enI rIte enI dhUnamAM ja Ave ne kyAreka krUra to kadIka kaTu banIne, kyAreka tvarita to kadIka maMda maMtharagatie Ave. jo ke kavi to mRtyune koI paNa svarUpamAM game tyAre svIkAravA tatpara hatA. "eka mitranuM bharajuvAnImAM mRtyu' kAvyamAM svAnubhUtinI saccAIno raNako saMbhaLAya che. kAvyano upADa coTadAra che. are, khatama Ama sarva capaTImahIM thaI jatuM bagAsuM basa eka ardha ! carakho ja thaMbhI jato" 0 . (pAnuM-172 "bhaNakAra') "mo. kA. nI kArane akasmAtamAM akasmAtanuM AbehUba varNana karatA kavi mRtyune "aganaphALa" tarIke oLakhAve che. pIDAdAyI jIvana karatAM mRtyu zreSTha sudhAsamuM hovAnuM kavi "jherasudhA'mAM kahe che. mAMdI, thAkelI, hArelI patnI daradathI mukta thavA patine smita madhura nidrA ApI devA (aMtimanidrA) vinaMti kare che. "bAla jaDAyuM bArIe'mAM jIvana maraNano bheda na samajatA bALakanI nirdoSatAne vAcA ApI che. mAnA mRtyu chatAM bALaka to gAya che, hase che, apakava DALe zoka phAlato nathI e joI kavi Izvarane mAyALu kahe che. avayaMbhAvI mRtyu prati Ama to manuSyanI kaNazaH ne kSaNazaH gati che. paNa enIye nizcita kSaNa Ave che kharI, "akaLane agamya kSaNa samIpa jhara Avaze caraNamAM mune tArA samarpi dharI daI je vahI jaze agAdhodare" 91 ahIM padonI racanA mRtyugatine sAkSAt karI Ape che. vahI janArI AkharI kSaNa svayaM pote paNa kAlanA agAdha udaramAM sarI samAI jaze. kavine mATe mRtyunI e anneya kSaNa kevIka ? mRtyuSaNanI kalpanA karatAM kavi ene "akathya', "ananya', "gahana" jevAM vizeSaNothI navAje che. prabhunA e pAvaka sparze aham prajavalana thatA zuM pariNAma Ave che? jIva mAtrano prazna te ja kavino prazna. mRtyunA ogALarasamAM laya pAmyA pachI jIvanane balirUpe' homAI supakva supavitra thavAnuM? ahIM hiMdudharmano jIvanA punarjanma ne tenA zakya vikAsakramano khyAla paNa prakaTa thayo che. ajJeyavAdI AsthALu kavi ahIM e saMbhAvanAye svIkAre che. "tuM ja haze zuM maMchA have? kavi vimAsI rahe che. A bhasmAntam zarIram agnie caDatAM tenuM koI sarvottama zeSa tattva "AtmA' jevuM kaMI kharuM P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust .

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 127 ke nahi? ke pachI kazuM nahi? kavine mRtyunI gati na samajAya chatAM prabhu pati pUrA Astika "caDe agana khoLiyuM, pachI zuM zeSa jIve zuM kahyuM tyAM ? kaI tarahI leza paDe samaja Aja athavA azeSa agAdhatama sAgare ja DUbakI zubheza, basa tU bharose prabho kara kavi tribhuvana premazaMkara (1865-1923) 190ramAM "kalApIno viraha prakaTa karyuM. kalApInA avasAnathI prerAyeluM karuNa ane zAMtinI milAvaTavALuM dIrgha karuNaprazasti kAvya che. jIvAtmAnA punarjanma ne janmAntaranI yAtrAo vizenA kavinA siddhAMto "prakAza'nA 27mA khaMDamAM ucca rasikatAvALA kavitvathI varNavAyelA che. "kalApIno viraha'mAM kavie mRtyunA svarUpane samajAvavA ramya upamAono viniyoga karyo che. virAga' nAmanA pahelA vibhAgamAM kavi jIvanane saMdhyAnA kSaNajIvI raMgo jevuM kahI moM vikAsI UbhI rahelI rajanInA ullekha dvArA parokSa rIte AvI UbhelA mRtyunuM sUcana kare che. divasa vItatAM jema kamaLo murajhAI jaze tema jIva paNa timire mRtyunA) homAze. tethI kavi kudaratanAM baccAMne, nAjuka kusumone cetavaNI ApatAM anilajhUle kSaNika ramI levA jaNAve che. pralayanA vegabharyA vAyu adhanimiSamAM Ayu khUTI javAnI eMdhANI Ape che. pArthiva sukhane kavi retInA DhagalA paranAM pANInAM TIpAM jevuM gaNAve che. kALI rAtri jANe kALarAtrinuM pratIka che. pRthvI para kIDInI hAra, pavananA jhapATe jema aTavAya, phaMgoLAya ema mRtyunA pagalAmAM mAnuSI jIvanakrIDA aTavAIne paLamAM pIlAI jAya che. sUkelAM pAna jema pavananA vege UDIne kyAMya cAlyAM jAya ema jIva mRtyu jhapATe UDI jaI kyAMya jaIne paDe che. jenI koIne samaja nathI. kavi mRtyune magaramaccha sAthe sarakhAve che. parvata jevo maccha moM sAme Ubho rahe che. janmamaraNavipattine nityano niyama mAnavA chatAM, dhULano nAza svIkAravA ja mAnavI devAyo hovAthI svajanamRtyu ene duHkha ApI jAya che. "prakAza' nAmanA trIjA bhAgamAM kavi jJAnanI vANI uccAre che. zAMta ane anaMtanI paNa carcA kavi karI le che. jabhyAnuM nAma jANiyuM re abhyAnuM nAma na hoya nAmano laya paNa nAzamAM . . . . . a bhyAno nAza na hoya re" ("kalApIno viraha' 92). satata navAM pAna dhAraNa karatAM ne jUnA kheravatAM vRkSanI sAthe, mAnavanA jIvanane sarakhAvavAmAM Ave che. tema kavi paNa - - "kharatAM jUnAM pAna navIna tarUvara dhAratAM evAM dehanAM dAna janma janma jIvane maLe" ("kalApIno viraha 107) DAyA P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 128 kavi maya jIvananI nirarthakatA darzAvatAM jaNAve che ke mAnavanuM mRtyu thatAM enuM camArapaNuMzarIrapaNuM chU thaI jAya che. ne AtmA mukta thaI vihare che. tethI to camArapaNAne vhAla na karavA sUcave che. A vizva e kAMI mAnavano potAno deza nathI. mAnava to ahI mahemAna che. eno nija deza to nirALo ne alaukika. masta kavi ahIM kalApInI zalAmA ja kahe che. "hamArA dezamAM jAtAM hamone koI nA roke hatA mahemAna be dinanA hamone koI nA roke" 95 ('kalApIno viraha' 111) klApAnA mRtyuno AghAta kavine jarUra che. paNa have teo anya kavionI jema adhyAtmaraga raMgAI prabhunI premadhUNImAM potAnuM muDaduM jalAvI (dehabhAva ogALI) ahamane paNa ogALI mukta bane che. jJAna ane samajane lIdhe aMte citta zAMti ane samAdhAna pAme che. paNa mitrasneha yAda AvatAM kavihayuM mitraviyoge jharavA lAge che. AtmAnI amaratA ane divyatAnI jhAMkhI thatAM mRtyu zarIranuM hoya, AtmAnuM nahi e satya samajAya che. 1 klApInAM kAvyomAM mRtyuno saMdarbha avAranavAra Ave che. "mRtyu" kAvyamAM premavAtsalya sAthe mRtyunI vedanAne sAMkaLavAmAM AvI che. bALakanuM mRtyu kavicittane halAvI nAkhe che. kiMI samajAtuM nathI. emano vilApa sAMbhaLI guphAmAM dUra rahelo eka avadhUta AvIne hAruM gayuM kamala mRtyu taNe bichAne tyAM sau jaze, jagata to bhramachAbaDa che 96 ('kalApIno kekArava') . che mRtyu janma, jIvavuM sahu bhAsa mAtra to mRtyuthI rudana, janmathI hAsya zAne ?" 9 | ('kalApIno kekArava' pAnuM 91) avadhUta pAsethI jJAna meLavatAM kavino (nAyakano) zoka zame che. ne bALakanI bhALavaNI teo mRtyune ja kare che. ekAMta kalpanAvilAsano ekarAra karI potAnA nirALA rAhano ullekha karatAM A kavine maravAnuM mana thaI AvatuM. tethI to kahe che. "hamone zokha maravAno hamAro rAha che nyAro" 98 (kalApIno kekArava' pR. 103) sArasI' kAvyamAM premaghAyala haiyAnAM duHkhano nirdeza kavie karyo che. zikArI vaDe priyatama marAtAM jalapuranetre UbhelI sArasInAM bAluDAM to para ramavAya nathI zIkhyA, A 3 zuM pichAne? "bharata' kAvyamAM punarjanma paranI kavinI zraddhA vyakta thAya che. mRtyu samaya jemAM vAsanA rahI jAya tenI temAM ja gati thAya che. ema kahevAya che. bhAratanI vAsanA aMtima paLe mRgamAM rahI javAthI pachInA janma ane mRga thaI janmavuM paDyuM evI kathA che. to bilvamaMgalamAM sIdhI koI mRtyu-dhaTanA bhale na hoya. dehanI nazvaratAnuM ciMtana jarUra che. kAmAMdha puruSanI manodazAnA uddIpana tarIke, dIvAmAM baLI maratAM pataMganAM pratIkarUpa viniyoga karAyo che. yamunAtIre zaba jotAM nAyikA jIvananA aMtanuM, anyathA sukharUpa lAgatA dehanI nazvaratAnuM darzana priyajanane karAve che. maraNa pachI e sudara dahana, lAkaDAmAM ja bALavAno che, e satya-kathana dvArA priyatamane agAuthI mRtyu mATe taiyArI P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 129 karI levA samajAve che. "DolaranI kaLIne' kAvyamAM kavi mRtyunI sArthaktAne biradAve che. mRtyu paNa satkAravA yogya che ema kavi kahe che. to sagata vyaktinA smaraNane kavi 'lhANuM' tarIke oLakhAve che. 'vidhavA bahena bAbAne'mAM svajananuM mRtyu thatAM ISTanuM smaraNa karavA ene sathavAre jIvavAnI vAtane lhANuM gaNavA kahe che. svajananA maraNa pachI, enI sAthenA badhA saMbaMdho tUTI jatA nathI. smaraNarUpe Take che. e vAta spaSTa karI che. "AzA' kAvyamAM kavinA kAnamAM saMbhaLAtA mRtyunA paDaghAno nirdeza thayo che. mAnavanI jIvanaAzA kadI mRtyuno svIkAra ja karatI nathI. kavi mRtyune "ArAma' kahe che. "have ArAma A Avyo'mAM mRtyunI aMdhANI maLatAM pulakita thaI UThelA nAyakanuM citra dorAyuM che. saune kavi be dinanA mahemAna kahe che. pachI A ghara-zarIra sUnuM thaI javAnuM. paNa aMte "ArAma maLaze. jIvananI vedanA ahIM mRtyunI jhaMkhanA kare che. "janmadivasa' kAvyamAM covIsamA janmadine (351) "zuM lhANa kALanI maLI basa eTalI ja? kahetAM kavine jANe mRtyunI eMdhANI maLI gaI na hoya ? "be cAra janmadivaso vahI kAla jAze ne mRtyunI jalada pAMkha samIpa thAze" 99 (351). - "hamIrajI gohela' nAmanA mahAkAvyanA prayAsarUpa kAvyamAMno nAyaka hamIrajI je aMte to kavinI ja praticchavi che, potAne mRtyunA musAphara tarIke oLakhAve che. snehIo mRtyuveLAe paNa snehano Adara pAcho ThelatA nathI. mRtyu najIka AvatAM teo saunI kSamA yAce che. mRtyunA satkAranI badhIja taiyArI eNe karI lIdhI che. raMja mAtra eTalo ke mRtyu pAmatAM jagatasauMdaryano abhilASa jato karavo paDaze. "atidIrdhaAzA'mAM jiMdagIne pANInuM patAsuM kahI jiMdagInI kSaNabhaMguratA tarapha nirdeza karyo che. "hamArI pichAna'mAM kavi potAne ane potAnA jevAone smazAna TUMDhanArA tarIke oLakhAve che. smazAna ane mRtyunA premI evA A kavi ahIM smazAnano mahimA gAya che. "bhAvanA ane vizva' kAvyamAM kalApIe AtmA ane deha vize gUDha ciMtana karyuM che. AtmAne zarIranAM AvaraNo naDatAM nathI. paNa zarIrane sthaLa ane samayanAM baMdhana jarUra che. vizvanAM sthULa tattvomAM kadI amaratA na vasatI hovAnuM kavi jaNAve che. "priyAne prArthanAmAM sannipAtamAM mRtyu najIka hovAnA satata thatA AbhAsano nirdeza thayo che. mRtyune vaLI dUra zuM najIka zuM? e kadI dUra hotuM nathI. hukama karatAM ja AvI pahoMcavAnuM. kAraNa comera e maraNanada ghUghavato hoya che. badhI veLA jo ke tuM ja - jIvitano khela Dagato ane copAse A maraNanada moTo dhUdhavato" 10 (pR. 542). prathama nirAzA'mAM kavinI mRtyujhaMkhanA vyakta thaI che. "kALamukhe jAvA prIti che vItI che te vItI che" 11 (pR. 544) jIvanahAnicovIsa varSamAM covIsa varSa nirarthaka gumAvyAno anubhava kavi vyakta kare che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 130 tArAnI jema palakavAramAM mRtyu pAmavA teo icche che. yuvAvasthAmAM ja kavine mRtyunA paDaghA saMbhaLAya che. "hAro khajAno'mAM kavi "motane mahephila' kahe che. motanI mahephilamAM ja saghaLI mUDI emane dekhAya che. motanI chabI najara AgaLa dekhAya che. "sanamanI zodhamAM mAnavanA janma sAthe ja motano janma thayAnI vAta kavi kahe che. mANasa motamAM ja janmyo che. rUpazaMkara udayazaMkara ojhA (saMcita-1869-1932) "kalApInA sAthI tarIke jANItA saMcita - rUpazaMkara udayazaMkara ojhAnA "zrI saMcitanAM kAvyo' (1938)mAM 1893 thI 1929 sudhInAM maLI Ave che." 11 (a. ka. su. pAnuM. 374) "avasAna' kAvyamAM kavi Izvarane AkharI samaye padhAravAnuM nimaMtraNa Ape che. ne e rIte chellI viSamaya ghaDI sudhare evuM icche che." ("saMcitanAM kAvyo' rara/ra3) aMtima samaye patnI dvArA gaMgAjaLapAna, putra, pautranI kAMdha ane jyeSTha putra dvArA aMtyeSTi kriyAnI kavi icchA dharAve che. 1927mAM A kAvya racAya che. ne pAMceka divasanI mAMdagI bhogavI mRtyune satkAre che. "AkharI arajImAM (25) vividha punarjanmo je te rUpe, paNa vRMdAvanamAM ja thAya evI jhaMkhanA kavi vyakta kare che. kavine potAnA jIvanathI, svajano, mitrothI pUro saMtoSa hato. tethI "chellI arajImAM kAcA kuMbha jevI sATha saMvatsarathI TakI rahelI A kAyAne paMcamahAbhUtamAM kavi bheLavI devA vinave che. teo svastha mRtyu khatA hatA, ne evuM ja mRtyu emane prApta thayuM. svAntAntanI viratimAM AzvAsana zodhatA kavi aMte avighana anaMtamAM zAMti anubhavavA mathe che. "virAmaghana svAnta - aMte virAma ja' "vizvataMdra-amara AzAmAM kavi sanAtana niyamane vAcA ApatAM vArApharatI thatA satata astodayanA saMdarbhe janmamaraNacakranI vAtanuM sUcana kare che. jIvaNalAla lakSmIrAma dave (jaTila) yuvAna ane mRtyakAla'mAM mRtyuzadhyAe paDelA yuvAnanI cittasthitino citAra Ape che. dezavAsIonAM duHkha jotAM jotAM ja maravAnuM nasIbe AvyAno raMja che. maraNadUta bhUlamAM AvI gayAnuM e kahe che. chelle chelle sAruM kAma karavAnI e rajA maraNadUta pAse mAge che. paNa maraNadUta eka paLa paNa ene choDe ema nathI. tethI priyajanone aMtima vaMdana kare che. "kAMTA vinAno na gulAba saMbhave'mAM janma sAthe ja mRtyunA astitvanI saccAIno nirdeza thayo che. vasaMtanA aMtaramAM zizira che. ane zizirAntara phUlaDAM bharyA" 104 (kAvyAMganA'-18) kavi kahe che "jiMdagI satata mRtyubhaye bharelI che. janma jIvana mRtyu ekabIjAthI jarAya judAM nathI. ekeyano alaga rIte vicAra karI zakAya tema nathI. sUryanA dRSTAMta dvArA asta-mRtyu samayanI svasthatAno nirdeza kavie karyo che. saMdhyAsame sUrya sadA hase che" ("kAvyAMganA' 63) kalApInA avasAne udvigna banela kavi aMte svastha bane che. ne jJAnavANI uccAre che. jemAM AMsu na sAravA vinavaNI karavAmAM AvI che. mRtyu pachInA pradeza-dhAmamAM sadAkALa P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Sun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 131 cAMdanI hovAnuM nAyaka (kavi) jaNAve che. ne tethI ja potAnA mRtyu mATe svajanone AMsu na sAravA vinave che. hari harSada dhruvanA avasAna nimitte raceluM "sudadamitrano viraha ane tasaMbaMdhinI kathA' (agraMthastha kAvyomAM paNa mRtyunA vAstavano kavie nirdeza karyo che. che prANImAtra zira aMtima, A ja lekha vhAlA tyajI daI ja ekaluM che javAnuM rotA javuM ja, raDatAM priya mUkavAM ja 10 ('caMdra 161/162) boTAdakara (187-1924) mahadaMze gRhajIvana ane kauTuMbika jIvananA maMgala karuNa bhAvo vizeSa gAyA che. "smazAna' kAvyamAM smazAnanI AjubAjunA vAtAvaraNanuM kavi varNana kare che. nadI, vRkSa, badhAMja zokamagna hovAnuM kavi varNave che. "smazAna'ne kavi mAnavanA chellA virAma sthAna tarIke oLakhAve che. manunagaNanuM sAcuM chelluM "suvAtaNuM sthAna' kahe che. ("kallolinI' pAnuM ra2) A viSama sthaLa saunAM haiyAM zokathI bharI de che. smazAna" evuM sthAna che jayAM guru vinA ApoApa jJAna prApta thaI jAya. ahIM kSaNamAM ja jIvanamaraNanI asAratAno marma samajAI jAya che. "kusuma' kAvyamAM sukAtA puSpanI zyAmatA' mRtyunI prabaLa chAyAnI zyAmatA hovAnuM kavi kahyuM che. puSpano surabhisaMdeza avismaraNIya che, ne chatAM AtmAnI amaratAne kavi zreSTha gaNe che. ene to mRtyu paNa na lUMTI zake. "mRga ane gAna'mAM saMgItalubdhaka mRgane cetavaNI ApavAmAM AvI che. mRgane lobhAvanAruM saMgIta zikArIoe mRga mATe taiyAra karelI "mRtyubhavAI" hovAnuM kavi kahe che. saMgItapremI mRga sAme cAlIne maraNamukhe homAya che. zikArIne kavi "mRtyunA anucara' tarIke oLakhAve che. "avasAna' kAvyamAM (srotasvinI pAnuM-17) maraNonmukha mAnavanI manodazAnuM, aMtastha bhAvonuM AbehUba varNana karavAmAM AvyuM che. mRtyubichAne rahelo mAnava pote potAno anubhava kaheto hoya evI kalpanA kavie karI che. pAtALamAM UMDe UtarI paDavAno, vivaza banI AkAzamAM UDavAno tathA zravaNanI badhiratAno anubhava kare che. paNa pachI tarata ja ene bIjo divya virala anubhava paNa thAya che. to vaLI kSaNeka svargamAM svargasthono sahacara banIne viharavAno, to kyAreka jUnA gADha araNyamAM bhayaMkara grISma RtumAM bhaTakto hovAnuM ya anubhavAtuM. paramabhUminA ramya anubhavo maLavAnI zraddhAthI e maraNonmukha mANasa AzvAsananA uccAro paNa vyakta kare che. mRtyu pachI saMsAranA koI duHkha satAvatAM nathI e AzvAsanane lIdhe vitatha mithyA jagatamAMthI manane UThAvI laI potAnA astitvane koI anerI sRSTimAM laI javA e jIva utsuka bane che. vimala vizuddha jIva maraNathI Darato nathI. have to e vimala manathI zAMtipUrNa ane svastha rIte maravA icche che. I. sa. 1921mAM "nirjhariNI' pragaTa thAya che. "vizrAMti' kAvya (nirjhariNI)mAM priyajanone vINI vINIne upADI janAra mRtyu bhayarUpe pratyakSa thayuM che. koInAya rudanane kAne nahi dharanAra mRtyune kavi "luMThaka' "nirdaya" ane "krUra' kahe che. - kavi boTAdakaranA mRtyu pachI pragaTa thanAra zaivalinI' (I. sa. 1925) kAvyasaMgrahamAMnA 'zarvarI' kAvyamAM kavie thoDI vicitra kalpanA karI che. "mRtyunI sarakhAmaNI Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S.

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 132 puruSa sAthe karI che. ne nArInI saMjIvanI sAthe. "kAlanidrAmAM paMkhInA baccAnI mAnA thayelA krUra maraNano nirdeza thayo che. jananInA akALa mRtyunI karuNatA sAmasAmA be virodhI bhAvo dvArA vizeSa vedhaka banI che. kavi kahe che jananInI maraNapaLanuM kalpAMta kALathI paNa joyuM na gayuM. "bAlyasmaraNamAM jIvananI kSaNabhaMguratA ane sukhanI nazvaratA vizenuM ciMtana rajU thayuM che. mRtyune ja kavi sAcA dazya tarIke ne "aMtima satya' tarIke oLakhAve che. mRtyune zAzvata sanAtana satya gaNavAnI vAta kavie karI che. nAjuka karuNa urabhAva vahAvatA "bAlAvasAna' kAvyamAM AkAzapAtALa eka karatI mA aMte karuNa Akroza vyakta karatAM mRtyune "nameruM' "naphaphaTa' ne "kaThora' gaNAve che. "abhilASa' kAvyamAM janmamaraNanA cakarAvAmAMthI mukta thavAnI jhaMkhanA vyakta thaI che. lAMbo jIvanapatha kApyA pachI visAmAnI-mokSa muktinI icchA vyakta thaI che. - kavi nhAnAlAla (1877-1946) emanAM kAvyomAM UMDuM mRtyaciMtana rajU karyuM che. mhAro mora' ("keTalAMka kAvyo' bhAga-3 1935)mAM moranA mRtyunA viSAdamAMthI sarjAyelI eka nArInI vedanA nimitte kavie mRtyaciMtana ApyuM che. mRtyu pAmelA morane jIvADavA yogIne vinavatI strIne yogI kahe che. sRjananI sAthe ja bAle 1. yamarAje jALa nAMkhelI che." 107 (keTalAMka kAvyo' bhA. 3/21) mRtyune kavi janmano paDachAyo kahe che. mayUranuM jagajIvana pUruM thatAM amRta jIvana AraMbhAvAnI vAta yogI kare che. yogI kahe che "mRtyumukta dIThuM mAnavInuM ko kulamaMdira?" 18 ('keTalAMka kAvyo' bhAga 3|31) - kavi kahe che "mATInA mALakhAM naM-dAya te mRtyu". kavi navasarjanano ullAsa saharSa svIkAre che. jagatamAM mRtyunA sUryAsto che. to navasarjananA sUryodaya che. DAbI AMkhe mRtyu nirakhI mAnavI kaMpe che. sRjananA navapallava nirakhI nirakhI jamaNI AMkhe AnaMdajya ghaTe. joke jIvanano vizeSapaNe puraskAra karatAM A kavi mRtyuthI ghaDakatA jagatane lAlabattI paNa acUka dhare che. svajanonI pIDAnI yathathatA dazArvatAM kavi kahe che "mRtyunA mAhAogha samAMtara ja jIvanano mahApravAha vaheto hoya che. paNa mAnavIo svajana jatAM haiyAM-sUnA vyAkuLa banI jAya che. ("keTalAMka kAvyo' bhAga-3-37). mayUrane manAvI laI janAra yamarAjAnI karuNA apAra hovAnuM kavi kahe che, ne tethI ja to moranuM mRtyu marI gayuM" "avadhe yama to utArave che ja saunA saMsAravAghAo" ne oDhADe che citA saMnyAsanI kaMthA" saurASTrano sAdhu'mAM paDhiyArane zraddhAMjali ApatAM kavi Ihaloka ane paralokanI carcA kare che. ene vaLI premanAM baMdhana zAM? anityamAMthI nitya dhAmamAM teo jatAM soraTha sAdhusUno thayAnuM kavi kahe che Ihaloka anitya paraloka nitya. "prajJAcakSunAM prajJAbiMdu' (1941)mAMnA dhanya ho dhanya ja puNyapradeza" tathA "zukananI ghaDIomAM icchAmRtyune varelA bhIkha pitAmahano mahimA batAvatAM kavi kahe che. bhIkha mRtyuneya khALIne yuddhavATe zAMti prabodhatA poDhyA. vIrone bhISma pitAmahanI jema mRtyune paraharI zAMtimaMtra uccAratAM yuddhavATe saMcaravA hAkala kare che. vIrane vaLI mRtyu zAM? deza mATe zahAdata vahoranArAne mRtyu na hoya, vIro to marIneya amara bane che. mRtyune muThThImAM laIne yuddhamAM javA tatpara P.P.AC. Gunratnasurf M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 133 banelA patine hoMze hoMze vidAya ApatI, patine "kesarabhInA kaMtha kahI pAno caDhAvatI rajapUtANInuM citra anupama che. pati jo vIra gatine pAme to satI thavAnI pUrNa taiyArI paNa enI che. mRtyu pachI svargamAM to patine maLaze ja. evI zraddhA vyakta kare che. brahmadIkSA'mAM kavi mRtyune prabhunA rAjamArga tarIke oLakhAve che. pitA-ne pagale e rAjamArga para prayANa karanArA bhAIne aMjali ApatAM kavi mRtyune akhaMDa nidrA tarIke paNa gaNAve che. kALanI khaMjarImAM lagnamAM mahemAnane yajamAna bhAvabhInuM AmaMtraNa Ape, tema rudra, jogaNI, yamadeva, saune jANe ke AmaMtraNa apAyAM che. to "saMgrAmacokamAM mRtyudeve cAreyabAju relAvelA rudhiranI bhayAnakatAnuM citra aMkAyuM che. "nhAnAlAla madhukoSa'mAM "zaradapUnama' kAvyamAM pUrNimAno AnaMdotsava mANatA kavi ane temanAM patnI sadgata svajanoneya yAda karI le che. sukha ane duHkha baMne prasaMgoe mRtasvajana vadhu yAda Ave. maraNazIla kavi anaMtatAnA pratIkasamA sAgarane aNaAthamyAM gIta gAvA sUcave che. "mAre jAvuM pele pAra'mAM pratIkAtmaka rIte Ihaloka ane paralokanI vAta gUMthAI che. IhalokamAM deha che ne paralokamAM AtmA. kavi ahIM pele pAra javAnI tamannA seve che. mAchIDA' mRtyudevanuM pratIka gaNI zakAya. yamadevane kavi pele pAra A hoDI haMkArI javA kahe che. jethI dehabaMdhana tyajI sAme pAra jaI zakAya. 1942mAM "veNuvihAra' pragaTa thAya che. "asthiromAM sthira'mAM cArebAju nazvara piMDanA phUTatA parapoTAno nirdeza karatAM kavi kahe che "piMDa piMDanA parapoTA tyAM - palake kSaNabhaMgura 10 (pA. 113 veNuvihAra') to "mRtyulokane ghATa sUMThuM chuM amRtanuM maMdiramAM mRtatAmAM amRta aMzo zodhavAnI kavinI mathAmaNa vyakta thaI che. to sAthe sAthe kavi kALano vijaya paNa gAya che. "rAjayayuvarAjane satkAra'mAM smRtilekha, mUrtio, maMDapa saune kavi retI paranA kIrtilekha tarIke oLakhAvI badhAnI kSaNabhaMguratA darzAve che. "devarSinuM trikAladarzana'mAM devarSi dvArA "kAloDima lokakSayakRta pravRddhane kavi ekapakSI satya gaNAve che. jagatamAM mRtyunA mahAoTa che, to sRjananI bharatI ethIye moTI hovAnuM kahetA kavino jIvana paratveno dRSTikoNa AzAvAdI che. tethIja jANe lokonnati mATe pravRtta thavA teo kahe che. kavi potAnA kurukSetra' kAvyane (1926, 1940, 1942) Epic' koTinuM mahAkAvya gaNAve che. A kAvyamAM smazAnane saMsAranA chellAM tIrthasthAna tarIke oLakhAvAyuM che. mahAmRtyunI ghora ghoSaNAothI kurukSetra sadAyanuM gAjI UThe che. yamarAja kALanA pallAM mAMDI pRthvInA puNyapApa jokhavA beThA hovAnuM kavi kahe che. kRSNane kavi "mRtyamUrti' tarIke oLakhAve che. pitAmaha bhagavAnane hAthe maravA utsuka che. amRtane tuta karavAnI dhanyatAe, have teo mRtyune sadA svIkAravA utsuka che. yamane jItI zakAya paNa bhIkhane nahi, e vAta kRSNa saune samajAve che. "zikhaMDInA suMdara mukhakamaLamAM pitAmahe dIThI mRtyujogaNI ne bANa mUkI dIdhAM" 111 ("kurukSetra' 44). bhIkhano mRtyumara pAMDavo jANI lAve che. pitAmahane kavi raNayajJanI paramaAhuti tarIke P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 134 oLakhAve che. "mAyAvI saMdhyA' nAmanA AThamA kAMDamAM arjunane kavi sAkSAta ghUmatA mRtyu' tarIke oLakhAve che. ekAdazakAMDa ('zarazayA)mAM bhIkhanA prANatyAganuM kavi varNana kare che. yogadhAraNa karI je je aMgono tyAga karavA mAMDyo, te te aMgamAMthI bANa bahAra nIkaLI javAM lAgyAM. bhISma zalyothI rahita thaI gayA. eTale temano prANAtmA mastakane bhedIne AkAzabhaNI UDyo. devavrata devadeze sidhAvatA hatA mRtyulokanuM e kalyANa muhUrta hatuM" 12 (kurukSetra 14 ekAdazakAMDa) yugasamAptinA chellA maMtroccAra bhISma uccAre che. "zarazayAnI A aThThAvana varadhomAM zatAbdInI vedanA veThI che maheM. bhISmanA mRtyune kavi janmAntaranA mahotsava tarIke varNave che. kavi mRtyune aMdhAra nahi, paNa tejamArga kahe che. "sUryacaMdramAM thaI hatI yamaTeDI aMdhAramArga nathI tejamArga che." 113 ("kurukSetra' pR. 29 "zarazayA ekAdazakAMDa'). kavi kahe che "pitAmaha mRtyu pI amara thayA jagate jANyuM Aja himAlaya paDyo mRtyune kavi ahIM "navaprabhAta'nuM nAma Ape che. "saMhAra vinA zuM saMsAra ja na nabhe ? pAMDuputrono A trikALa prazna dIvAlone jaIne athaDAya che. brahmarSi kahe che. "saMhAra eTale navasRjana, mRtyu eTale navajanma" "jagatanI jogamAyAnA garabAmAM jogamAyA potAne kalakalaMdara kALikA tarIke oLakhAve che. "janmamRtyune enA "neNanAM hAsya tarIke kavi oLakhAve che. "janma pahelAM sarvatra mRtyu ja hatuM sRSTA sRjanapUrve saMhArane sarje che janma pahelAM mRtyu avatarI cUke che." 4 | ('kurukSetra' "jagatanI jogamAyAno garabo" pR. 23) janmamRtyuthI paranA dezane kavi paramAnaMdanA deza tarIke oLakhAve che. e mRtyunI keDIo vIrAMganAonI pagadaMDIo che. mRtyune kavi janmAntaranI vArtA kare che. "kurukSetra'mAM kRSNanidhana mATe kavi A pramANe varNana kare che. "yaduvaMzanI sAgarasamApa nirakhIne kRSNadeve kIdhA jagatane juhAra, kALane vaDalethI ema kharI paDI keTalI eka kUpaLo" mRtyunA paDadA pAchaLanA amRtane kavi sanAtana gaNAve che. ne pAMDavonA mahAprasthAnane teo kALakAramuM gaNAve che. 1944mAM "dvArikApralaya' pragaTa thAya che. A kAvyamAM kavie zrI kRSNadevanuM nirALuM trIjuM svarUpa rajU karyuM che. nArada ane kRSNanA saMvAda-rUpe janma ane mRtyunuM ciMtana kavi ahIM rajU kare che. "nArada nathI jANato tuM janmasaMgAthe ja janme che mRtyu (dvArikApralaya' 35) ne "vahAlAMonAMya zaba to che bALavAnAM" (37 'dvArikApralaya') P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 135 bIjA khaMDamAM kavi yadusaMhAranI vAta kare che. maratA yAdavonuM kavi Ama varNana kare che. "pAnakharamAM pAMdaDA khare evA kharatA'tA yadukumAro jANe mamarA paDyA kALa-daMSTrAomAM" is dvArikApralaya' pAnuM. 65). trIjA khaMDamAM yogezvara kRSNanA mahAmRtyuno prasaMga kavi bhAvasabharatAthI varNave che. kavi kahe che "yamanI ghaDIo vAgatI hatI, sarvatra DhoLAI rahelA sUnakAramAM mahAmRtyu gAjatuM hatuM. koIkavAra kavi zabdavyAmohamAM sarI paDe che. ne tyAre artha spaSTa thato nathI. jemake janma ane mRtyune kavi ahIM gagana prasAdanA jharUkhA tarIke oLakhAve che. to bIjI bAju kRSNanidhananuM nirUpaNa suMdara che. "zilAsamA DAbA goThaNe, jhIlI hatI jamaNA pAyanI pApAMdaDI", teo avvapna Asane hatA. kRSNane bANa mAranAra zikArIne kavi "mRtyumUrti tathA "yamarAjano jANe laghubaMdhu' kahe che. kRSNa enI AMkhomAM pazcAttApa vAMcyo. karuNA varasAvI mRtyu pAnArAne bhAvathI bhIMjavyo. zikArIne teo saune mRtyu ekavAra to AvavAnuM ja, e satya samajAve che. dArUkathI kRSNanI dazA sahana na thatAM e raDI UThe che tyAre kRSNa kahe che, mRtyuthI koI para nathI. kavi kahe che "avatAra paNa mRtyumukta nathI. ne mRtyu to amRta che, ne mukti paNa." AtmA che amRtapAyo ne deha che mRtyujAyomAM gItAnI vANIno raNakAra saMbhaLAya che. "caMdananI tyahAM pAtharI citA kRSNadeva agnizayAmAM poDhyA hatAza lIdho chello havi mRtyuloka kamabhAgI, ne amarabhoma saubhAgyavAna banyo ('dvArikApralaya' 103) 'dvArikApralaya'nA cothA khaMDamAM kavi mahAmRtyu uccaratA prArabdhanA AMkaDAnI vAta kare che. kRSNanA nidhana pachI, prANa UDI gayA pachInI paMkhiNI jevI suvarNadvArikA thaI gaI. ne hastinApuramAM samAcAra pahoMcatAM nagara halI UThyuM - kRSNasUnA gomatIghATe pArthe arpI udaka aMjali kRSNadevane 18 nirmANanA kALadUtone koI bhedabhAva hotA nathI. kavi kahe che, sAgare ughADyA mRtyumukha yamadADha samI dAkhavI jaMtuDIo ne sahasramukho dhAyo sAgara yadunagarIne pI javAne sAgara choLe bhUMsI kRSNapagalIo" 19 1944mAM kavi nhAnAlAlanuM aMtima kAvyatIrtha 'harisaMhitA' pragaTa thAya che. jene teoe potAnI kAvyayAtrAnA mahAtIrtha tarIke oLakhAvyuM che. vacceja "kALanI khaMjarI' vAgatAM A kAvya adhUruM rahe che. AbhamAM UDatA kAjaLakALA gIdhano nirdeza yamadevanuM pratIka che. sattaramA adhyAyamAM ("phUlaDola') sUkuM lIluM banAvIne, kharelAne, pharI khilavIne vasaMtakhelo P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 136 khelatA harino nirdeza, janma, mRtyu, janmanA cakranuM sUcana kare che. kavi kahe che "mAnavIne mRtyu che ne amRto devane gayAM" 20 ('harisaMhitA' pR. 148) kadAca ahIM pahelIvAra kavi deva ane mAnavanI sarakhAmaNI karatAM mAnavane maLela "mRtyuno aphasosa kare che. agiyAramA adhyAyamAM ('agnihotranAM tIrtha') kavi mAnavane mAtra "paMcabhUtonAM pUtaLAM' tarIke oLakhAve che. A jagatamAM koI nityanA vAsI nathI. e satya ahI rajU thayuM che. "harisaMhitA' graMtha-ra caturthamaMDaLanA AThamA adhyAyamAM yamanI dADhanuM varNana karatAM kavi kahe che. kare kaMThALa daMtALo yamanA daMSTra dAkhato - sAgara ramato to tyahAM bhavAnsa zo bhayAnaka" 121 (47) soLamA adhyAyamAM kavi jIvananA arthano koyaDo ukelavA mathe che. kavi kahe che, AyuSyanI pele pAra to pachI mRtyu paNa nathI hotuM. mRtyuthI DhaMkAyelo jIvanadIpa kaMI kharekhara bujhAI jato nathI. jamazedajI nazaravAnajI pItIta kahe che motathI satata dUra bhAgatA sikaMdaraneya mota choDyuM na hatuM. asaMkhya mulako sara karanAra sikaMdara paNa aMte to kabarane pAmyo e vAta kavi "mArI majeha nAmanA kAvyamAM kahe che. "janama jIMdagI, maraNa che pagalAM taraNa Ayo, rehyo, gIyo ne pachI tAruM tana mistInA paradAmAM thaze anadITha" para ('mArI majeha tathA bIjI kavitAo' pR. 83) "mArI majeha' (7)mAM kavi vicitra saMdarbhamAM mRtyunI vAta kare che. "khUnanA saMdarbhamAM kavi kahe che, khUnanI rAtono mela dhovAto nathI. khUna kaMI keTalAneya kamote mAre che. "mArI majeha' (16)mAM pharI pAchA kavi "myotane mArA huM joto ja nathI' kahenAra sikaMdarane motano payagAma maLyo tyAre eNe zuM karyuM? eno citAra Ape che. rakSaNa mATe aneka upAyo chatAM 'sikaMdarano jIva mATIno Dhaga thaIne paDyo heThala' lAkha upAya karavA chatAM motathI na bacI zakAyuM. to motanA saMbhaLAtA bhaNakArAno nirdeza kavi "becena ghaDI (194)mAM kare che. jiMdagInA pANImAM oTa AvatAM hota AvIne haiyAtI bujhavI nAkhaze. ne kavinuM mATInuM ghara (zarIra) lUMTI leze. mATInuM baneluM e ghara mATImAM maLI jaze. "judAI' kAvyamAM kavinI motane maLavAnI icchA vyakata thaI che. kavinuM mana e ja vicAramAM satata ghumarI khAtuM. "mohata' (zekha sAadI parathI) kAvyamAM aneka nAmavaronA mota dvArA miTAI gayelI hastIno ullekha karI nazvaratA ane samagra vizva paranA motanA sAmrAjyano mahimA kavi darzAve che. "eka aTUlI ghora' (zali parathI)mAM eka kabaranuM hRdayadrAvaka vAstavika citra rajU thayuM che. "eka kamabakhtanI ghora-dhora paNa koNa kahe ? mAtra paththaranuM rotuM, tyAM uttaranA dariyAkinArA para sadA tophAnI vAyarA vAya che. tyAM Arta P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 137 pokAra karavA koI AvatuM nathI. tyAM to che mAtra dariyAI ghoghATa ne pharatAM che pANInAM vamaLo", "jIMdagI' kAvyamAM vadhatI uMmara ane ghaTatI jiMdagIno ullekha che. je dharatI para bALakarUpe mAnava janme che, tyAM ja, e dharatI para ja janmavatAMveMta mhota tarapha e Daga mAMDe che. "gujarelo bhAI'mAM kavinI punarjanmazraddhA suMdara AzvAsana rUpa dhare che. e AzvAsana zodhatI mA mRtyu pAmelA bALaka mATe kahe che. muvA pache bIjI te jaganI aMdara zobhIto, suMdara eka judoja AkAra" 23 (pR. 361) "mANasanI jIMdagI' (baranAda bAratana uparathI)mAM paNa mRtyunI vAstavikatAno nirdeza karatAM kavi kahe che "phUla UgI pAchuM sukAI jAya che te rIte mANasa paNa phakta maravA mATe ja janma le che.' eka gujarelA bALaka viSe' (devIda mekabetha moyara parathI)mAM kavie mRtyune kAyamanuM sukha kahyuM che. bALakanI nAnI chAtImAMthI bahAra nIkaLI marI jaI jIva sukhI thaI gayo hovAnuM kavi kahe che. jo ke svajanone e duHkhI karI jAya che. kavine to mota paNa suMdara lAge che. kadAca bALakanuM badhuM ja suMdara ? "paNa hAla jyAre paDyuM che tuM hotanI aMdara dekhAya che mahane vadhu tuM dipatuM suMdara" para ("mArI majeha tathA bIjI kavitAo' pR. 419) kavi kahe che jiMdagInI ratAza tyAM bhale na hoya paNa "amaragI" - amaratAno navoja zaNagAra eNe karyo hato. bAlaka para paDelA motanA AkArane kavi "suMdara' gaNAve che. sIlaranA kAvya parathI raceluM "eka oratanuM maraNa' kAvyamAM bharapUra khUbasuratImAM mRtyu pAmelI strInuM suMdara varNana kavi kare che. phUla para paDelo barapha sUrya kiraNonA sparze osarI jAya, sUryatApe tArAo adazya thaI jAya, unALAmAM vAdaLAM vinAno garya AkAzamAM camake tema e khUbasuratImAM mRtyu pAmI hovAnuM kavie kahyuM che. "hotanuM bIchAnuM kAvyamAM dezyAtmaka rUpe eka suMdara vicArataNakho rajU thayo che. kabara para paDelI eka strInA saMdarbhamAM hoTha, tyAMthI jIva vidAya thavAnI eMdhANI Ape che. "amara jIMdagImAM mRtyu pAmelA mAnavanI jiMdagI sUkSmarUpe amara hovAnI vAta karatAM zarIranI kSaNabhaMguratA ane haiyAnI amaratAno nirdeza thayo che. kavi gajendrarAya bucane (1901-1927) mRtyumAM vizvasaMgIta saMbhaLAyuM, alabatta snehanuM, to "paccIsame varSe'mAM svajanamRtyunI vedanA kavi pAse mRtyunA niSedhAtmaka vicAro karAve che. svajana-mRtyu sakaLa vizvanA sauMdarya tathA mAnavajIvananI mRdutAno lopa kare che, evo anubhava karatA kavinA dilanI gulAbI svajanamRtyue adazya thaI jAya che. to pro. durkALanA putra "vidhunA avasAnakAvyamAM mRtyunI bhayAnakatAno citAra kavi Ape che. dUra citAmAM poDhelA bhAInA bhaDakA, niyaMtA paranA bahenanA vizvAsane adazya kare P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S.

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 138 che. sadgata-bhaNakArA tathA gayelA mATenI jhaMkhanA "mRgatRSNikA' hovA chatAM mAnava ene ja jhaMkhe che, e vAtanI pratIti karAve che. ("saMbhAraNAM') "jaLapralaya'mAM koI mahAvinAzano nirdeza thayo che. AkAzamAM jANe kALanA karALa vAdaLonI garjanA saMbhaLAya che. enA akhaMDa sapATAmAM jIvanadIpa holAya che. mRtyu e kaMI navI vAta nathI ne, chatAM svajana mRtyupathe paravaratAM mAnava anAtha, asahAya thaI bese che. vArjhavarthanA "insoTaoNliTI oNDane AdhAre lakhAyelA "vismaraNa' kAvyamAM jIvana viSenA niSedhAtmaka vicAro jarA judI rIte mRtyunI tarapheNa kare che. kavi ahIM mRtyune nahi, janmane nidrA kahe che. to mRtyu jAgRti ? jagannAtha dAmodaradAsa tripAThIe ("sAgara') "dIvAne sAgara prathama tabakkAmAM vyaktinI matyatA ane enAM kAryonI amaratAnI vAta karI che. ('svarge vaselA priya janakane) karmayogI pitAnI sAcI pichAna thatAM kavinAM nayano azru sAratAM nathI. pitAnI AtmamUrti hamezAM sUkSma zarIre sadA sadodita banI darzana Ape che. "hamArA khyAla' ('dIvAne sAgara' prathama tabakko) kAvyamAM mAnavajIvananI kSaNabhaMguratAno kavi nirdeza kare che. "arere che nahIM ahIM koI jAyUkanAM mahemAna" 22 ('dIvAne sAgara' (63)). ne toya sau paMtha bhUlelA che, dizAzUnya jIvanajharaNAnuM mULa sthAna, ne aMte e kyAM jaI joDAtuM haze ? evo gUDha prazna kavi kalApIne udezI' kAvyamAM rajU kare che. ('dIvAne sAgara' tabakko bIjo) mRtyune kavi jherano kapaTamaya dharo kahe che. jaMgalano mahemAna'mAM AMsunI smRtino mahimA gAtA kavi kalApIne yAda karI jIvananI kSaNabhaMguratAne vAcA Ape che. kavi kahe che. A vizva che kAyamanuM na thANuM mApela vakhate ja UDI javAnuM dhIme dhIme varSa badhAM javAnAM para lAkho karoDo nathI gALavAnAM" pa ('dIvAne sAgara' bIjo tabakko 210) tame cho sanama sarakAramAM mRtyu aMgenI beparavAI vyakta thaI che. kalApI mATe paNa A vAta sAcI hatI "jIvyo che siMha A svetAM kabaramAMye suto hasatAM" 2 ('dIvAne sAgara' trIjo tabakko). siMha eTale surasihaM hasatAM hasatAM ja mRtyu pAmyAnuM kavi kahe che. AzakanI majhA ja motamAM, pachI e dunyavI Azaka hoya ke prabhuno. "mhArI kabara para lekha A basa lohIthI lakhAvajo ke mota to bahAnuM hatuM, e to hariviraha muvo" 128 ('dIvAne sAgara' trIjo tabakko pR. 497) Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S.

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 139 narmadAzaMkara prabhurAma bhaTTa "pratApa ane zaktisiMha nAmanA kAvyamAM prANapriya cetaka ghoDAnA mRtyune kAraNe rANA pratApane thayelA AghAtanuM varNana kare che. sau maraNavaza che ema samajavA chatAM teo manane vArI na zakyA. ne ghoDAnuM nidhana jIravI na zakyA. "kare UMDuM UMDuM rUdana kaMI toye hRdaya A." | maganalAla caturabhAI paTela "kusumAMjali' nAmanA kAvyasaMgrahamAM mRtyaciMtana Ape che. "prItigalapAza'mAM bAbunA avasAna nimitte svajananA mRtyuno AghAta hayAta rahenArane kevo thAya che enuM citra apAyuM che. "amaraAtmA'mAM AtmAnA amaratvanuM spaSTa darzana karAvyuM che. pahelA prazna thAya che. jIvananAM pacAsa varSa zuM mRtyu mATe vItAvavAnAM ? AtmAnA amaratvano svIkAra karIe to mRtyunI karALa kALI javALa paNa maMda paDI jAya. mAnavane lAgatA mRtyubhayanuM sacoTadarzana kavi karAve che. "mRtyamukhamAM paDyo hovA chatAM mAnava AzAonA DuMgara khaDakaye jaI bhogavilAsamAM rAce che ne mRtyunuM nAma paDatAM thatharI UThe che. ne pachI hRdayavedhI kalpAMta kare che. jIvana to sadAya amara che. eno kuMbha kadI khAlI thato nathI. jIvanadhArA satata vahetI rahe che. "sRSTino khela'mAM zarUmAM mRtyunI bIka ane gabharATa vyakta thayA che, paNa pachI sRSTimAM cAlatA avirata sarjanasaMhAranA cakrano svIkAra karAyo che. suMdara phUlanI dhAra kacarAtI joI mAnavahaiyuM kakaLI UThe che. paNa e ja to che satya, mAnavano suMdara deha, paNa A phUlane AdhAre TakI rahe che. ne preraNA pAme che. nAnuM zuM jIvana saurabha, prasarAvI cAlyuM jAya. samagra jIvananA khelane kavi Azcaryajanaka gaNAvI mRtyumAMja sAcuM jIvanasUtra hovAnuM jaNAve che. bIjA navA jIvanamAM pravezavA mATe mRtyune kavi eka AdhArastaMbha gaNAve che. "mRtyune nimaMtraNa'mAM kavi hiMmatabhera mRtyune bolAve che. mRtyune premabharyA vIra, kahI ene bheTavA teo utsuka bane che. Atmamitra mRtyune teo maLaze tyAre mitronA parasparanA milane premaspaMdano uchaLaze evI emanI zraddhA che. kavi zarIrane du:kharUpa baMdhana gaNe che. saMsArIo mRtyune zatru kema kahe che e emane samajAtuM nathI. mRtyune kavi duHkhanA bhAgIdAra tarIke oLakhAve che. zrImanRsiMhAcArya "nRsiMhavANI vilAsa' (tRtIya pustakomAM sAdhakanAM lakSaNo darzAvI jaNAve che ke e kadI zokAgnimAM zekAto nathI. mRtyunA bhayane e mArI nAkhI zake che. to eka padamAM saMta kavi jIvatva eTale ke janmane ja sau duHkhanuM mULa gaNAve che. mAnavanI aNasamajane vyakta karatAM kavi kahe che "jIvyAthI sukha ke mRtyuthI? e jIva samajI zakyo nathI. bIjA eka padamAM maraNane bhayaMkara aniSTa gaNAvAyuM che. mRtyu pAmanAra pratyenA lokonA vartana paratve dhyAna doratAM kavi kahe che "kALa jhIlI le te ghaDI jagamAM koI na rAkhe" kavi pote yogI hovAthI svastha citte mRtyune svIkAravAnI taiyArI batAve che. aneka lokone maratA jovA chatAM emanA manamAM trAsa thato nathI. jarA maraNa, ne vyAdhi tanamAM sahadharmiNIvata che" 129 129 ("zrImanRsiMha vANIvilAsa" tRtIya pustaka pa7) zarIra hoya tyAM sadA jarA, maraNa vyAdhi, enI sAthe satata vIMTaLAyelAM ja hoya. paNa jJAnIne kadI mRtyuno bhaya satAvato nathI. P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 140 "nathI bhaya tene A mRtyuno jeNe jJAne gALyAM hADa" 130 (nRsiMhavANIvilAsa' tRtIya pustaka (60)) janmI maravuM vAraMvAra e jIvane adhIna che. maraNa keDo mUkato nathI, ne mUDha jana potAnuM abhimAna choDato nathI. "kALa grahI kara kADhato deha grAma ghara bahAra" " ("nRsiMhavANIvilAsa' tRtIya pustaka pR. 109) tethI ja to saMsAramAM rahevA chatAM manathI vegaLA rahevA kahevAyuM che. jagatanI vAsanA to jIvabhAva pragaTAvI vividha yonimAM sadA janmamRtyu pAme che. - bhAIzaMkara kuberajI zukla ('kAvyavilAsa' nAmanA kAvyasaMgrahamAM kaThopaniSadanI naciketAvArtAno saMdarbha gUMthI mRtyu ciMtana vyakta karyuM che. viSNunA svarUpamAM agninuM jJAna tathA varadAna pAmanAra naciketA janma mRtyunA cakarAvAmAMthI mukta thaI triguNAtIta bane che ne amaratva pAme che. naciketA mRtyunuM rahasya pAmavA icchato hato. naciketAnI aDagatAthI prasanna thaI naciketAne yamarAje "mRtyunA rahasyanuM jJAna-varadAna ApyuM hatuM. bulAkhIrAma cakubhAI dvivedI racita "kAvyakauntubha'mAM upadezAtmaka rIte mRtyunI chaNAvaTa kavie karI che. "koNe dIThI kAlImAM alpa AyunA AdamIne cetIne cAlavAnI zikhAmaNa ApavAmAM AvI che. "nAma tehano nAza'mAM AkAza ane avanIne paNa amara nathI gaNAvyA. mRtyunI vAstaviktAno nirdeza karatAM kavi kahe che. dhumADAnA bAcakA ne mRgajaLanI mIThAza jevA A saMsAramAM nAma teno nAza che. kanaiyAlAla munazInAM mAtRzrI tApI munazI "anubhavataraMga" nAmano kAvyasaMgraha Ape che. sthUla ane sUkSma vacceno bheda batAvatAM teo kahe che. e to sthUla zarIrasaMbaMdha chUTI jAze re karo sUkSma dehano saMga jJAna ja thAze re" 132 ("anubhavataraMga' pAnuM. 4 "kAvyapaMditA' - ra9). sau. sumati bhUpatarAya mahetA (I. sa. 1890 thI 1911) "hRdayajharaNAM'mAM mAnavInA deha ane AtmAnA saMbaMdhane spaSTa kare che. dehanI pratyeka sukhada temaja duHkhada anubhUtinI AtmA para asara thatI hovAnuM teo kahe che. jIvananAM duHkho mANasane sukhanI kSaNiktAno khyAla Ape che. hRdayajharaNAM, kavayitrIno maraNottara kAvyasaMgraha che. (1912) "prabhuprasAdI' bhA. 2 (40 pado)mAM kyAMka kAvyazaktinA camakAro che. potAnI nAjuka sthitinuM yogya rUpaka dvArA AAvarNana teo kare che. pote kRtikAnuM pAtra hovAthI, vadhu bhAra na devA vinave che. anyathA e phUTI jaze. potAnA nAnA ne asvastha jIvanathI hAryA vagara kyAreka svayam samAdhAnakAraka prazna kare che. "jyoti hoya anaMta aMtara viSe alpAyu ho toya zuM?" kavayitrInA uttama kAvya "zAMti hRdayanA UMDANamAM evo dhvani jagADe che, ke jemAM jIvananA aMta samayanA eMdhANa hoya, enA chaMdobaddha svarUpamAM jIvananI saccAIno raNako saMbhaLAya che. potAne thayelA vyAdhine kAraNe emanA mRtyunI eMdhANI P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 141 emane maLI cUkI hatI. "mRtyuzA kAvyamAM sara jorja klArkanI guNavatI putrInA maraNanA saMdarbhamAM kavayitrIe mRtyaciMtana vyakta karyuM che. mRtyu samaye emanA vyAdhigrasta mukha para paNa apUrva zAMti chavAI hatI. ene mATe jIvanadeva ane mRtyudeva vacce yuddha jAmyuM hatuM. eka saMsAramAM, ne bIjuM saMsArapAra ene kheMcatuM hatuM. bebhAnAvasthAmAMnA enA mohakasmita para mRtyudeva paNa mohI paDyA hatA. * "hAsyathI mRtyuno deva mohIne madhurI para dioDI Avyo cuMTI levA. grahyo te bAlikA kara" 133 ("hRdayajharaNAM' pR. 20). smazAnabhUmi' kAvya bahenanA avasAna saMdarbhe lakhAyuM che. mRtyune ahIM vyaktirUpe kacyuM che. "mRtyudeva chupAI pUrNa samaye peTho hamAre gRha kheMcI lIdhI garIba mahArI - bhaginI duHkha haiyuM sahe" 134 ('hRdayajharaNAM' pR. 21) smazAnabhUmi joI mAnuM mRtyu yAda AvatAM ura lAgaNIthI bharAI jAya che. teo kahe che, "nA tuTyAnI buTI che'. "azakti' kAvyamAM mRtyunI nizcitatAno saMdarbha kavayitrIe Apyo che. badhAne mAthe Izvara rakSaka tarIke beTho hovA chatAM mRtyu to sau mATe nizcita che. "mRtyu dvArA jIvanamAM kavayitrI pratIkAtmaka rIte jIvana ane mRtyunI vAta samajAve che. eka joDaluM zAMta stabdha, beThuM nahi ane vase e anaMtakALa sudhI vahi." 135 che (hRdayajharaNAM pR. 156) jemAMnA eke (mRtyu) zarIra para zokavastra dhAraNa karelAM ne anya (jIvana) suMdara paNa takalAdI zobhatAM vastra paheryA hatAM. jIvananA sahasraraMgathI opatAM vastro chatAM e badhAmAM 'tadapi chAyo zyAma varNa te sarvamAM' (mRtyu) jIvananI raMgInImAM mRtyunI kALI jhAMya hovAnuM kavi kahe che. mRtyu pAse koNa rAjA, ne koNa raMka? mRtyu pAse sau samAna. kavayitrI karuNakaTAkSa sAthe kahe che" ane kASThanA kIDAe pUchayuM nathI maranAranI padavI rAjavInI hatI ke sevakanI? jIvaDuM paNa padavInI pRcchA karatuM nathI. jIvana nizvAsathI raDe che e joI mRtyu hase che ne kahe che. "kAraNa je tuTavAnuM te tuTI jaze . * nAzavAna sarveno nAza thaI jaze." 13 ("hRdayajharaNAM'--15) vikArI vasta (deha) avikArI kyAMthI bane ? jaDathI banatI deha nitya kyAMthI rahe ? kavayitrI kahe che je AtmA mukta thavA icche che ene mRtyu mukta kare che. A jagamAM nahi janmelA ne janma samayanI rAha jotA AtmAo janmavA mATe AgaLa dhase che, ne dehatyAgI gayelA jIvo to pAchA pharI jUnA jagatamAM neha dharIne Ave che. (nave janma, nave rUpe) P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 142 khabaradArane dhIrUbhAI ThAkara pArasI kaviomAM zreSTha gaNe che. (6/11/1881/ 1953) kavi khabaradAre "kALa' nAmanA kAvyamAM mRtyunI anivAryatA tathA mAnavamAtra para kALanA varcasvanI vAta karI che. je jAyuM te jAya" ne "nAma rUpano nAza" kahetA kavi mane "ajIta' gaNAve che. 1926mAM prakaTa thayelA "kalikA' kAvyasaMgrahamAM deha, AtmA, mRtyu tathA premaviSayaka ciMtana rajU thayuM che. "deha nahIM rahe mAtra rahe dehAbhAsa'mAM kavi jIvanane mAthe mUkAyelA mRtyunA mugaTanI vAta karavA chatAM deha vilIna thatAMya koI apUrva tejagarbhanI zAzvatatAmAM zraddhA dAkhave che. nAyakanuM cAle to kALaneya teo thobhAvI de. AkhuM jIvana A nAyakane mRtyunA nakharA jevuM lAge che. jANe badhA ja mRtyunA AvirbhAvo, mRtyarUpI yuvatI janma janma judAM judAM vastra paherIne AvatI jaNAya che. ne potAnuM mohanRtya karI potAnA aMtaHpure cAlI jatI hovAnuM lAge che. mRtyunAM bIja mAnavanA lohImAM ja janmathI bhaLelAM hovAnuM kavi kahe che. jIvananA janma sAthe enA raktamAM ja mRtyubIja gUMthAyeluM paDyuM che. dhIre dhIre e bIja aMkurita thaI mAnavanA zvAsa para "mRtyuchoDa' banIne jhUlI rahe che. jo ke kavi janma ane mRtyu baMnene suMdara gaNAve che. janma ane mRtyu kavine anaMtakALanAM be bhedI joDiyA bALako jevAM lAge che. jIvanane baMne cheDe janma ane mRtyu aMguli dharIne UbhAM hovAnuM kahe che. mAtra janma ja nahIM. mRtyunA hAsyane paNa kavi "ramya' kahe che. potAnI putrInA akALa maraNanA AghAtathI 1931mAM khabaradAra 'darzanikA' nAmano saMgraha bahAra pADe che. A pustaka mATe AnaMdazaMkara bApubhAI dhruvanuM kahevuM che ke zuSka hRdaya, tarkajALa ke buddhimAMthI e udaya nathI pAmI ke nathI e kevaLa karuNa nAda. emAMthI jJAnInA hRdayamAM utpanna thatuM jIvana ane mRtyunA gaMbhIra praznonuM ciMtana che." 17 (kArtika. saM. 1988nA "vasaMta'mAMthI) putrI mInAnA akALa avasAna nimitte 6000 paMktinuM lAMbu karUNa prazasti kAvya AkhuM ja moTo mRtyu saMdarbha banIne Ave che. (hamInAno janma 9/11/1901, avasAna 17/07/1928). , kavi khabaradAra janma tathA mRtyu baMnene zubha gaNe che, suMdara paNa. mRtyune vadhu suMdara gaNe che. te * * "paNa khare mRtyu e adhika suMdara dise - jyAM khIle mAtra zubha smaraNa kyArA" 138 ('darzanikA' 13) tIvra mahAvedanAmAMthI TapakeluM "darzanikA' AkhuM kAvya mRtyaciMtananuM che. sRSTinI asthiratA nAmanA prathama khaMDamAM kavi jIvanamaraNa, sukha duHkha tathA pApapuNyanA vicAro vyakta kare che. kavine samagra sRSTimAM asthiratA dekhAya che. mAnavI janmIne mRtyu khoLe sUe nava dise sthira kazuM jagata thALe" 139 ('darzanikA'-7). to tarata ja pAchA kavi kahe che "mANasanuM zarIra mare che, jIvana nahIM. koI vhAlA snehIo kyAMya gayA nathI. e to dUra pravAse gayAnuM kavi kahe che. vAsanAsabhara jIvanamAMthI chuTakAro meLavI teo cAlyA gayA hovAnuM samAdhAna aMte kavi meLave che. ne chatAM prazno to prazno ja rahe che. jIvananI pAra zuM haze e koI jANatuM nathI. paNa e jANavA mAnava satata valakhAM mAre che. , Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S.

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 143 "mRtyunuM nRtya' nAmanA bIjA khaMDamAM mRtyunA akhaMDa nRtyano kavie nirdeza karyo che. anaMtatvanA siMdhu para UThatA jIvananAM buddabuddo potAno raMga saheja mATe dAkhavI pharIne sadA mATe lupta thaI jatAM hovAnuM kavi kahe che. kavi jIvananuM yathArtha darzana paNa ahIM karAve che. jyAre potAnuM prANapriya svajana akALe avasAna pAme che tyAre ciMtako ane philasUphonI DAhI DAhI vAto rasa pamADatI nathI. snehano paMtha haju pUro maLe na maLe tyAM to jIvananuM svapna tUTI jAya che ne mRtyu eka vadhu kUMpaLane cUMTI le che. kavi khabaradAra ahIM mRtyunI sAva sIdhI sAdI vyAkhyA Ape che. "mRtyu eTale hovuM nahi AgaLa" e satyano svIkAra karavAno che. je gayuM che te pharI enA e svarUpe kyAreya pAchuM AvatuM nathI. eka vakhata zvAsa thaMbhI gayA pachI pAcho Avato nathI. e hakIkta che. mRtyunA raMgane kavi saMdhyAnA raMga jevA kahe che, ne pachInI rAtrine, enI nIravatAne zAMtidAyaka. mRtyune bhayAnaka yarthAtharUpe cItarI pachI kavi mRtyune judI rIte jue che. teo mRtyuno ja niSedha kare che. arthAta mRtyunA astitvane ja teo nathI svIkAratA. nahi anaMtatvamAM mRtyu kyAMye dise" 40 ('darzanikA' 66) ajJAna ane aNasamajane lIdhe virUpa dekhAtuM mRtyu jJAna prApta thatAM suMdara lAge che. "koNa saudarya e mRtyunuM nirakhaze ? koNa joze badhI enI lIlA ?" 141 ('darzanikA' 72) mRtyunuM mahattva kavi jarAya ochuM AMkatA nathI. jIvana eTale sarvasva nahi, ne mRtyu eTale sarvanAza nathI' ema teo daDhapaNe mAne che. kavine mRtyu pachInA jIvanamAM zraddhA che. "jIvana pAchaLa na kyama jIvana bIjuM rahe - mRtyunAM paDa pachI paDa UpaDatAM 142 ('darzanikA' 77) ne chatAM AvuM kahyA pachI kavi vivaza bane che, DUmo bharAya che jJAna paNa pAchuM phikku paDI jAya che. janma mRtyune kavi jIvananAM be dvAra kahe che. janmadvAramAM pravezelAne mRtyunA dvAramAMthI pasAra thavuM ja paDe che. bIjA khaMDamAM kavi "mRtyuno mahimA gAya che. to trIjAmAM jIvanano puraskAra'. jIvana buddhasamuM hoya topaNa e nirarthaka to nathI ja. paNa jIvananuM mUlya to tyAre ja samajAya che jayAre enA para mRtyunI mahora vAge che. eka vinA bIjAnuM astitva nathI. : "kusuma kaLI to prabhAte UgI khIlatI pAMdaDI kherave sAMja paDatAM" 43 ('darzanikA' 104) . kavi mAne che janma ane mRtyu to "jIvana" hoya. "jIvana'nAM nahi. jIvana to satata avirata vadheja jAya che. vikAsanI rekhA' nAmanA cothA khaMDamAM vaLI pAcho nirAzAno sUra saMbhaLAya che. - "dharmavAdanuM dhummasa' nAmanA pAMcamA khaMDamAM kavi judI rIte dharmaciMtana rajU kare che. jJAna eka vAta che, anubhava judI. jJAnanI game teTalI vAto karavA chatAM jayAre koI AtmIyajana mRtyu pAme che, tyAre mAnavanuM haiyuM khaLabhaLI UThe che. "anaMtatvanI sAMkaLI * nAmanA chaThThA khaMDamAM kavi jagatane mAyA tathA chAyA tarIke varNave che. mRtyu Aja ke kAlamAM P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S: Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust.

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 144 AvI javAnuM hovA chatAM kavine mana jIvananuM mUlya nirALuM che. kavine mRtyu pAranA pradezamAM zraddhA che. mRtyu sau sthULakriyAno mAtra aMta che. "jIvananA aMtanuM dazya jIvananA bIjamAM samAyeluM che, e satya svIkAravuM ja rahyuM. pAMdaDAmAM rahelI saudaryalIlAne ApaNe enA bIjamAM joI zakatA nathI. kavino AzAvAda have sarvatra amRtamaya jayotinAM darzana kare che. mRtyu ke aMdhAranAM kyAMya emane darzana thatAM nathI. AThamA khaMDamAM kavi mAnavajIvananA kartavyano nAda jagAve che. teo kahe che jIvana mRgajaLa samuM hovA chatAM eno cheda UDADI zakAto nathI. nAnA ke moTA koInAya janmane kavi nakAmA' nathI gaNatA. "mATImAM sajaDa jakaDAyuM te chatAM A vRkSa paNa khIlatuM UdhvakAle" ja ('darzanikA' 320). kavi khabaradAra karmayogamAM zraddhA dharAve che. svajana mRtyu pAmatAM mAnave asvastha banI kartavyavimukha banavAnuM nathI. 1940mAM "kalyANikA' pragaTa thAya che. jemAM kyAMka kyAMka mRtyu viSayaka ciMtana rajU thayuM che. "mAyAnI laganI'mAM janma ane mRtyunI vacce jIvanasiMdhunI UrminAM phINa hovAnuM kavi kahe che. "prakAza' kAvyamAM prANanA AghAAghA prayANanI vAta karatA kavi, jotajotAmAM AyakhuM pUruM thaI javAnI vAstaviktAno nirdeza kare che. to "amRtapAtramAM prANane dehanI aMdhArI galI choDavAno Adeza apAyo che. "AnaMda' kAvyamAM paNa mRtyune kavi "IzvarakRpA kahe che. mATInA piMjaramAMthI prANa UDI jatAM duHkhamAMthI sukhamAM prayANa karI zakAya che. mRtyune AmaMtraNa ApatA kavine mRtyunuM Agamana saMgItamaya lAge che. ("dUrane nimaMtraNa') mRtyu ane janmanA caMdrane kavi saudaryamaya gaNAve che. lAkho rUperI ghaMTaDI raNakI UThe che. kavine svagRhe javAnI utAvaLa hatI. mRtyu jANe vAjate gAjate jIvane levA Ave che. rajanInI khulatI aMjanamaya AMkha eTale mRtyunI AMkha". "mRtyu' eTale "vinAza' evuM kavi mAnatA nathI. "rASTrikA' paNa 1940mAM pragaTa thAya che. A saMgrahamAM svAtaMtryavIronI zahAdatanA saMdarbhamAM mRtyuciMtana rajU thayuM che. "eka vAra marI phITo'mAM mRtyune nicovIne mArI phITavAnI vAta karatAM kavi kAyAne anupama caitanya tarIke oLakhAve che. "mAnava ane kALa'mAM cAreya bAju kALanI anaMtatAno sAgara ghUmato hovAnuM kavi kahe che. "jIvana bhUMsAya ne bhUMsAyA tenI sAthe badhuM ahIM tahIM rahe konI lAMbI TUMkI yAda" ("rASTrikA' 136) jIvana bhUMsAtAM kALanA garbhamAM badhuM cAlyuM jatAM saghaLuM visarAI jAya che. zaizava tathA yauvanane yAda karIe tyAM to mRtyunI kALI rAtanuM aMdhAruM jANe ke pharI vaLe che." (mRtyunI kALI rAta) kamaLanI pAMdaDI para jema jhAkaLanuM biMdu jhAjhuM TakatuM nathI tema jagatamAM kazuM zAzvatapaNe rahetuM nathI. kavi kahe che. bubudde jevA mAnavanI ahIM zuM mahattA? naMdanikA" 1944mAM pragaTa thayuM. ahIM paNa pAcho sanAtana prazna laIne kavi Ave che." mRtyu sAthe laDavA mATe ja jIvavAnuM?" svajanone najara samakSa maratAM jovAnI asahya pIDAne lIdhe mRtyu kavineya jANe bolAvI rahyuM hoya ema lAge che. joke pachI to kavine P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 145 mRtyu ja maratuM dekhAyuM. "janma ane mRtyumAM eka viziSTa tarka rajU karatAM kavi kahe che. loko jIvana ane mRtyune joDakuM kema kahe che? mRtyu jIvanane to aDakI ja zakatuM nathI. jIvana che tyAM sudhI mRtyunuM UMTa dUra ja rahe che. jagatamAM kharuM joDakuM to janma ane mRtyunuM che. "apUrNatAnuM mAdhuryamAM kSaNabhaMguratAnA sauMdaryane vyakta karyuM che. ramata ane prabhAtanA AgavA saudaryano kavi nirdeza kare che. khIlavuM, karamAvuM, pharI khIlavuM emAM ja sauMdaryanI khubu hovAnuM kavi jaNAve che. "jage mRtyu thakI ja A jIvana tAjuM rahe mRtyune lIdhe ja jIvananI tAjagI che. mRtyuno Avo mahimA gAyA pachI tarata "phUlacUMTaNImAM potAnA vAstavika anubhavomAMthI TapakatI vedanA rajU karatAM kavi atyaMta vyathA anubhave che. svajana mRtyunuM duHkha asahya che. kavinA jIvanamAM kaMIka kaLI khIlyA vinA ja karamAI gaI che. nAnAM puSpa samAM bALa karamAI jatAM kavinuM haiyuM cirAI gayuM che. ne e puSpanA sauMdaryane yAda karatAM kavi azru sAre che. "zAzvata jIvanamAM mRtyu kAnamAM phUMkAto koI vasaMtamaMtra to nathI ne? evo prazna kavi pUche che. sUkA vRkSa samA jhUratA jIvanano aMjAma Ave evI tamannA "jIvanamukti'mAM vyakta thaI che. Izvara potAnA bAgamAM phUlane cUMTIne kavinA jIvananA zira para mRtyunI kalagI mUkaze. ne pachI IzvaranI sAthe ja kavi javA mATe taiyAra thaI javAnA. govardhanayuga ane "kALa'nuM varNana kavi dolatarAma paMDyAe "indrajItavadha'mAM rAmAyaNanA (yuddhavarNanamAM) chaThThA sargamAM sainyaprayANa' varNanamAM "sainya jANe kALarUpI azvane manuSyarUpI cAro carAvavA nIkaLyuM hovAnuM kahyuM che. jayAre covIsamAM sargamAM kALa phALa bharato Avato hovAnI kalpanA kavie karI che. kavi dolatarAme "sumanaguccha' nAmanA kAvyasaMgrahamAM paNa maraNanA devAdAra mAnavIne cetavaNI ApatAM kALanA varcasvanI vAta A pramANe karI che. ramaNa kALanI sAthe ghaTe nahi maraNadarpa sadarpa se sahI" A ja kavi "saMsAra' kAvyamAM saMsAranI svapnamayatAnuM varNana kare che. tyAre "kALanA agniratha'mAM sau beThelAM hovAnuM kahe che. mAnA moM sAme joI kAluM hAsya karatA zizune karALa kALa jhaDapI leze e ciMtA kavine che. AzleSamAM ramatAM premIo paLavAramAM karALa kALano koLiyo banI javAnA, kAraNa prANa kALane vaza che. to kavi jaTila "kharatI nathI kAvyamAM kALa potAnuM khappara bharavA gheraghera AthaDato hovAnuM kahe che. jaTile hari harSada dhruvanA avasAna nimitte lakhelA "suhRda mitrano viraha ane tatasaMbaMdhinI kathA'mAM prANa paranA kALanA Adhipatyano ullekha karyo che. "e haMsa kALathI haNyo vikhUTo paDyo. 147 (pR. 3 "caMdra) narasiMharAva diveTiyA (1859-1937) prAkRtika varNana karatI vakhate "kALanI vArI gati' vize vicAryA vinA rahI zakatA nathI. to "kALacakra'nA sapATAmAM cUro thatA mAnavanI naSTaprAyatA teoe "kusamALA' kAvyanA aMte varNavI che." "ci. priya manubhAIne' nAmanA arpaNakAvyamAM narasiMharAva kALane "namero' kahI potAno Akroza vyakta kare che. kavinI vinaMtIne mAna ApI kALa jo krUra na bane to potAnI badhI kavitA kALane samarpI devAnuM kavi vacana Ape che. kavi kahe che. kAla ane kAlI A bhuvanapaTa P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 146 upara prANImAtrane, manuSya suddhAMne zogaTAM banAvIne rahe che. ahIM A vizvanI "aNadITha ane baLavAna Cosmic Force' saMge ApaNe khelIe chIe ane te zogaTAM ApaNe ApaNAM karIne mAnIe chIe tene kSaNavAramAM e mArIne harI le che. kavi vizvanA niyamomAM mAMgalya ane zraddhA rAkhavA sUcave che. kALane duHkhanA auSadha tarIke teo svIkAratA nathI. kALa nAmanA sattvane AkrozapUrvaka kavi kahe che. "kALa o tuM tRpta thA bALa muja moMgho harI" 148 ("smaraNasaMhitA" pAnuM. 19) have vismRtino maMtra ApI navo prahAra kALa zA mATe Ape che e samajAtuM nathI. ba. ka. ThA. e. "AratI nAmanA kAvyamAM kALanI bhayAnakatAnuM varNana karyuM che. tarkavitarkamAM paNa kALa vize kavi carcA kare che. teo kahe che kALa ja badhAne cheha de che. mayonAM zarIra ja mAtra nahi anubhava, vItaka, hIra badhuM ja e bhUlI jAya che. arthAta kALa bhakSaka che." - kavi tribhuvana premazaMkara kALane maNidhara nAga tarIke varNave che. ("kalApIno viraha pAnuM. 8) 149 to kalApIne upADI lenAra kALane teo "kabADI' paNa kahe che. kalApI kALanI acokkasa gatino ullekha karatAM kahe che. gati kAlanI cokkasa nhoya sakhe. bharatI pachI oTa ja hoya sakhe" 'jherI chUrI'mAM kALa para Akroza ThAlavatAM kavi kahe che ke apakva urapuSpone cUMTI levAno, AzAbharyA jigarane UMcakI javAno, akAla mRtyu dvArA koInI smRtine lUMTI levAno paravAno prabhu pAsethI kALane maLyo nathI. "hAnAlAla madhukoSa'mAM jIvanasaMdhyAnA pratIkarUpa "saMdhyA' kAvyamAM samagra vizvamAM ghUghavatI "kALasaMdhikAno nirdeza thayo che. prajJAcakSunAM prajJAbiMdu'mAM "kALaprabhune vadhAvo'mAM sAmethI kALanI padharAmaNI thAya e mATeno utsAha kavi vyakta kare che. kavi kALane satkAravA utsuka che. "gaganadhaDAkAmAM kALanA DaMkAnI vAta kavi kare che. "kurukSetramAM kurukSetrane ja kavi kALabrahmanA itihAsagotra temaja itihAsanI mahAsaMdhyAonI kALakathA kahe che. ene "kALanA kAramA bola' tarIke paNa oLakhAve che. kALanI nobatanA paDaghAonI itihAsagAthAya kahe che. "mahAsudarzana' nAmanA bAramAM kAMDamAM "AzramavAsikaparvamAM "bhIkhAdinuM darzana' nAmanA batrIsamA adhyAyamAM yAdavonA nAzanI vAta sAMbhaLI yudhiSThira kahe che. kALanA pAzane huM mAna ApuM chuM" 150 ('kurukSetra" pAnuM. 10) 'dvArikApralayamAM yamanI vAgatI ghaDIo tathA sUnakAramAM mahAmRtyu gAjI rahyuM hatuM, tyAre e mRtyuDhagalAo vacce kevaLa kALasvAmI ja amaryA hovAnuM kavi kahe che. kavinuM "harisaMhitA kAvya ja "kALanI khaMjarI' vAgatAM adhUruM rahyAnuM satya, mAnavajIvana paranA kALanA varcasvanuM dyotaka che. "harisaMhitA'nA "mahAbhya'mAM kavi kAliMdInA dharAne "kALanA mukha jevo' kahe che. ne harine kAramAM kALanA kALa-mahakALa' tarIke varNave che. prathama maMDaLanA pahelA adhyAyamAM "sAMdhyarogamAM paNa avirata uchaLatA "kALanA loDha'nI kavi vAta kare che. ne aMdhAra tathA tejane "kALanI be pAMkho' kahe che. cothA adhyAyamAM kALanA DaMkAnI garjanAno P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 147 kavi ullekha kare che. pAMcamA adhyAyamAM "kALanuM sarovara' cidAkAze joyAno nirdeza kare che. dasamA adhyAyamAM "kALacakrane thaMbhAvavAno jusso vyakta thayo che. agiyAramA adhyAyamAM vizvavidhAtrImAM kALanA kalibhAvane vAMcavA utsuka kavi vizvavidhAtrI pAse kALavaNImAMthI kALalIlAnuM kathana karavA mAMgaNI kare che. mAnavakAya kALavaNIno kAMDa lakhavAnuM zarU to kare che, pUro lakhyo nathI. kALanI sAgarasIma joI teoya kaMpI UThe che. to aDhAramAM adhyAya "mahAsudharmadharmA kolAhala'mAM yugasaMdhinI vAta karatA kALanI chAMyane kavi "ghora'nuM vizeSaNa Ape che. kavi nhAnAlAla kahe che " "kALa kALanuM kAma kare che. kALanA zAsana ane sAmrAjyano anAdara koIthIye zakya nathI" 151 (adhyAya-18 "harisaMhitA' "mahA sudharmadharmA kolAhala' pR. 149) ekavIsamA adhyAyamAM "kALane koka kAMThe maLavAnI kavi vAta kare che.' harisaMhitA'nA dvitIyamaMDaLa "paMcavaTI pariyANa'mAM paNa kavie kALacarcA karI che. jemAM sRSTinAM tattvo khIlavA kharavAnI vAstavika prakriyAno nirdeza che. pAMcamA adhyAyamAM 'dAnabhUlI mahAnagarI'mAM kavi kahe che. pRthvI pote ja ciraMjIva nathI to pachI sRSTinuM saMtAna ciraMjIva zI rIte hoya ? jenAM aMta ane Adi che, e mAnavI to mRtyu pIdhelo che. AkhuM vizva kavine kALanA bANa vaDe korAtuM kurukSetra jaNAya che. caturtha maMDaLanA sattaramAM adhyAyamAM nhAnAmoTA sau eka sAthe kALavAsI chatAM kALathI para hovAnuM kavi kahe che. narmadAzaMkara prabhurAma bhaTTa "zuSkavRkSa' nAmanA eka anyokti kAvyamAM kALanI gatine nyArI' kahI che. kavi maganalAla caturabhAI paTela "kusumAMjali" nAmanA kAvyasaMgrahamAM "kSatripALa' nAmanA kAvyamAM vIrone biradAvatAM kahe che "vIro to mRtyune harAvI pote mRtyunA kALa banI rahe che. kALa vIronAM zarIrane potAnI dADhamAM cAvI zake, vIronA vIratvane nahi. "anaMtakALa" nAmanA kAvyamAM kavi maganalAla kALane "kaThaNa khelADI tarIke oLakhAve che. kavi kahe che "A nazvara jagatamAM eka kALa ja anazvara anaMta che." "kALajvara' kAvyamAM kALanuM bhayAnaka varNana karavA chatAM kavi ene karuNALu paNa kahe che. jagatanA mUrkha lokone kALa bhayAnaka lAge che. bAkI e to sadA vArtAlyamUrti ja che. mAnavane duHkhI saMsAramAMthI e mukta kare che. paNa pAchuM nikaTanuM svajana mRtyu pAme che tyAre kALa bihAmaNoya lAge che. kALanA vakhANa kavi karatA hatA tyAMja komaLa kavine kALe jhaDapI letAM svajano vyathita bane che. bulAkhIrAma cakubhAI dvivedI "kAvyakauntubha' nAmanA saMgrahamAM "koNe dIThI kAla' kAvyamAM alpa AyunA AdamIne cetIne cAlavAnI zikhAmaNa Ape che. pazu, pakSI, prANI sau kALanA grAsa hovAnuM kavi kahe che. kALanI sAthe chaLa karI koI chUTI zakatuM nathI. kahI, kavi kALanI sarvoparitAne spaSTa kare che. dIpakabA desAI "stavanamaMjarI'mAM krUra kALane uddezI "priya-ne' kAvyamAM "akALe kumaLI kaLI kAM cUMTI?" evo prazna kare che. 15ra (pAnuM. 80) kavi khabaradAra kALa ane jamane paryAya gaNe che. "je jAyuM te jAya', "nAmarUpano nAza", "kALa na mUke koIne kahetA kavi kAyA ane jIvanI prItane palakamAM toDI nAkhatA jamane "ajIta' gaNAve che. kavi kahe che kALa kadI kAgaLa lakhIne ke agAuthI kahevaDAvIne Avato nathI. dazyarUpe dekhAtA . P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM niRNa * 148 chatAM ghaNA dAva khelatA kALane kavi "pAtakinuM vizeSaNa Ape che. kALa kadI koInI rAkharakhAvaTa ke zarama rAkhato nathI. "vakhata" kAvyamAM paNa kavi kALanA ja mahimAnuM varNana kare che. putrImaraNa nimitte lakhAyelI karuNaprazasti 'darzanikA'mAM kALasAtatyanI vAta karatAM kavi kahe che pelA mahAkALamAM rAtri ke divasa kazuM nathI. mAtra aNaraMgI darzana che. kALa kadI thAka khAvA besato nathI. "saMtone AmaMtraNa'mAM kALa guhAnI ughaDatI guphAno nirdeza thayo che. kAjaLakALuM koDiyuM (kAyA) jayotino prakAza sahI zakatuM nathI. "amarabApu kAvyamAM kavi gAMdhIjIne "kALajetA' kahI biradAve che. "mAnava ane kALa'mAM cAreya bAju kALano sAgara ghUmato hovAnuM kavi kahe che. "jIvana bhUMsAya ne bhUMsAya tenI sAthe badhuM ahIMtahIM rahe konI lAMbI TUMkI yAda" 153 ('gAMdhIbApune pavADo' pAnuM. 136 1948) jIvana bhUMsAtAM kALanA garbhamAM badhuM cAlyuM jatAM saghaLuM visarAI jatuM hoya che. govardhanayuga-ane mRtyu maMgala divya, madhura suMdara svarUpe tathA mRtyu muktidAtA rUpe temaja mRtyujhaMkhanA kavi dolatarAma paMDyAe "IndrajItavadha'mAM chavvIsamA sarga "samudravarNana ane samApti'mAM satInI citA ane enA aMtima prayANanuM suMdara varNana karyuM che. je mRtyunI maMgalatAne siddha kare che. satI thavA sajja banelI sulocanAnuM varNana hRdayaMgama che. kapALe kaMkunI aradhazazi piyeLa disatI sajI kuMLAM aMge, abhinava alaMkAra satI" 54 ("indrajItavadha' 144) patinA mastakane khoLAmAM laIne citAmAM sulocanA virAje che, e samayanA enA bhavya tejanuM varNana karatAM kavi kahe che. satIne aMguThe sahaja prakaTyo vahina kSaNamAM vazyo AvI tyAre zaradaRtuno caMdra tanamAM" 155 (144) agnimAM snAna karatuM zarIra jANe ke divya jyoti dhAraNa kare che. zarIra che tyAM sudhI ja dvita che. pachI nIrava advaita. dharI A be satvo punita - rati advaita banatAM" 15 ("IndrajItavadha' pR. 146) sadgata pati sAthe advaita sadhAtAM liMgAbhAsa tyajI e acala padane pAmI, kavi sulocanAne sAkSAta "nirvANamUrti' tarIke oLakhAve che. saMsAranI AvajA choDI anaMtanI e putrIe anaMtanagare prayANa karyAnuM kavi kahe che. je mRtyunI maMgalatAne siddha kare che. bhImarAva diveTiyA pRthurAjanA mRtyu pachI saMyuktAnA vilApane asarakAraka rIte varNave che. khUba vilApa karyA pachI svastha thatAM satI saMyuktA paNa satI thavA tatpara bane P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

Page #150
arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 149 che. ne maMgalavastro e mATe dhAraNa kare che. "dharIne paridhAna aMtanAM karI dhUpArthi pradIpa jyotamAM piyaLa, zira karNikAranAM kusume te satI cAlI ghotamAM" 157 | ('pRthurAjarAsA' pR. 99) satIe ahIM mRtyune maMgalarUpe svIkAryuM. tethI to kavi kahe che saMyuktA jatAM jANe bhAratanI pratiSThA gaI. - narasiMharAva diveTiyA "svapna ane pratyakSa' nAmanA kAvyamAM mRtyu pachInA jIvana pratyenI AsthAne ('hRdayavINA') vyakta kare che. rAjA sAtamA eDavarDanA mRta putra prinsa mAMduM bALaka kAvyamAM mRtyunI madhuratAnuM kavi mRtyunA mukhe ja varNana karAve che. mRtyu jANe bhayAnaka nathI, paNa ramya che. mRtyu kahe che "kahe bAle mRtyu, huM kevo ramaNIya dIsuM" ? to "besvapna darzana'mAM kavi mRtyune saMsAranI aganajhALa holavanAra zAMtiprada tattva tarIke oLakhAve che. temaja mRtyu pachInA pradezane "sukhakuMja' tathA tyAMnA vAsane "divyavAsa tarIke oLakhAve che. mRtyu to vacce dvArapAla tarIke UbhuM rahe che. "eka bALakInA maraNa vize' (pR. 82)mAM nirdoSa vAcArahita zizune saMbhaLAtA amarabhUminA gAnano nirdeza kare che. zizune enI ujjavalabhUmi sAMbharI AvI ke zuM ? evo prazna kavi kare che. nUpurajhaMkAramAM kavi amarapaNAnA vyApaka svarUpanI pratItino nirdeza kare che. mRtyune kavi ahIM eka "sthityantara' tarIke oLakhAve che. kavine evI daDha zraddhA che ke ajJAnatimira cAlyuM jatAM mRtyu marI jAya che. ne tyAre jIvana parajIvana beya ekaja saritanA vheNa samAna bhAse che. "avasAna nimitte avasAna khuda azru sAre evI apekSA mRtyu sAthe mitratAnuM sUcaka che. to "smaraNasaMhitA'mAM putranA avasAnanI ghaTanAne samajavAnI mathAmaNamAMthI mRtyaciMtana niSpanna thayuM che. mRtyuthI huM nA DaruM rUDI bhUmi viSe javuM" 158 (pR. 5) mRtyu pachInA pradezane kavi "rUDIbhUmi' kahe che. nalinanA mukhe mukAyelA A zabdo AkhA kAvyano sUra che. timiranI ghora nirAzAnI kSaNe bhAMgI paDavAne badale kavi zraddhA, mAMgalya ane ujAsanI prArthanA kare che. zAzvatInI zodha AraMbhe che. mRtyu pAmelA putranI anazvara chabI smRtimAM aMkita karavA mathe che. "deha bhasma banI jatAM, tuM banyo asatya zuM ? - kema e kalpI zakuM? tuja satyatA huM kayama bhUluM?" 159 (pAnuM. 18) putra zAzvatakALa sudhI hovAnI daDha zraddhA kavi dharAve che. jIvanasiMdhu avirAma dhAre vahyA kare che. amarapaNuM pragaTatAM ja mRtyu marI jAya che. jIvana ane mRtyune teo judAM gaNatAM ja nathI. jIvanasAgaranI zAzvatatAno teo svIkAra kare che. jIvanasAgaranuM eka buddabud, te mRtyu. teo mRtyune eka avAntara bhUmikA rUpe jue che. vizvanA niyamomAM mAMgalya Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S.

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 150 ane zraddhA rAkhavA kavi sUcave che. AtmAnI amaratAmAM kavine zraddhA che. jIvanasaMgIta ghaDIbhara thaMbhI gayuM lAge paNa e naSTa thatuM nathI. kavi kahe che. matya jIvana to khare mAtra pUrvAlApa che. pUrNa gIta samRddhi to parakAla saMgIta vase 159:ba mRtyune maMgalarUpe nihALatA A kavi mRtyumAMgalyanA kavi che. - kavi kAnta paNa mRtyu pachInI duniyAnI dhanyatAno nirdeza kare che. divasa jotAM jotAM sahayogamAM ja gahanamAM mRtyunI UMDI khINamAM paDI, duHkhI jIvanano aMta lAvavAno vicAra karI tema karatAM e paMkhI A duniyAmAM to nahi, paNa bIjI (maraNa pachInI) duniyAmAM jIvanadhanyatAnuM maMgala darzana jANe ke kare che. virahajIvana baMneno aMta ANavA virahamRtyu ane rAtri baMnenAM pariNAma na jovA mATe AMkha mIMcI ektA karIne mRtyunA gahanamAM paDe che tyAre divya anubhUti emane thAya che. "pAchuM jotAM dvija yugalane * anyathA thAya bhAsa UMDuM UMDuM dinakarasamuM kaMka dekhAya hAsa" 140 ("ApaNAM khaMDakAvyo' pAnuM. 18) ne AzcaryanI vAta e ke mRtyu ane rAtrinA aMdhakAramAM praveza thavAne badale aNadhAryA UMDA UMDA tejomaya pradezamAM praveza thAya che ane cakravAka mithuna AnaMdapUrNa uddagAra kADhe che. "Aha AhA avara duniyA dhanya" 1 (pAnuM. 18) (divyamaMgala mRtyunA anubhavano alaukika AnaMda ahIM varNavAyo che) cakravAkamithune mRtyu pAranI divya sanAtana bhUminuM darzana karyuM hovAnuM samajAya che. "svarga-gaMgAne tIramAM kavino viziSTa kalpanAvihAra jovA maLe che. jemAM mRtyu pAmelI patnI svargamAMthI pRthvI para potAnA zayanamAM apsarArUpe jANe vimAna laIne Ave che. ne kavine svargamAM laI javAnuM sUcave che. kavi sadgata patnI sAthe svargamAM pahoMcI jatA hoya evo romAMca anubhave che. vedanAprada chatAM aMte mRtyu maMgala hovAnI vAta "vadAya' kAvyamAM vyakta thaI che. priyA patnInA guNo smaraNamAM raheze ema kahI kavi mRtyu pAmatI patnIne svasthatAthI vidAya Ape che. teo potAnuM duHkha bhUlI patnInA svapnapradezanI surakhIno vicAra kare che. potAnuM game te thAya paNa janArano patha kalyANamaya bane evI AzIrvacananI vANI mRtyune sAceja maMgalamadhura banAvI de che. ahIM daSTino ja bheda che. mAnavanI daSTi mRtyune maMgalarUpe jue e mahattvanI vAta che. A kavi potAnAM kAvyo mRtyune ja arpaNa kare che. ("avasAna') je sUcave che ke mRtyu emane mATe have kalyANamitra banI gayuM che. kavi mIThAM phUlaDAM samAna sadgata svajanone yAda karI le che. potAnA badhA ja rasabharabhAvo "avasAnane" hadaye haMmeza vase evI prArthanA karI mRtyudevane kavi vaMde che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 151 baLavaMtarAya ThAkoranI mRtyujhaMkhanA viziSTa prakAranI hatI. ardhadRSTa svapna jevAM temanAM apUrNa kAvyo pUrAM karIne teo hIMcake hIMcatA hoya, cirUTano dhUma caDato hoya ne zUnyane, suSupta citte teo jatA hoya, basa tyAM ja mRtyu tarApa mArIne emane upADI le evI emanI tamannA hatI. "paDaMta kAya khokhuM dhabba heTha"mAM DhaLI jatA DhImano jANe kavi pratyakSa anubhava karAve che. "UThuM tihAM ja khATa heTha kAya khokhuM gaDabaDe ane koI vaheluM jAganAra mRtyu soDamAM hane nIMdaryo nihALI sA' kare badhAya, mRtyu tArI hAka e bhale bane" 2 ('bhaNakAra' 160) to kudarata ane motamAM mRtyunI prakriyAne saraLamadhura varNana ba. ka. ThA. e karyuM che. jemAM mRtyune zAMta madhura suMdara prasaMga tarIke varNavAyuM che. sUryAsta thatAM mA bALakane ghoDiyAmAM suvADe, ne mAnAM madhura gIta sAMbhaLatAM e bAla jotajotAmAM mIThI nidrAne khoLe, zAMtichoLe virame - tema kudarata-mAtA potAnA thAkelA hArelA chatAM jiMdagInA ramakaDAMne na choDatAM jaipha bALane mota enA khoLe premapUrvaka le evI zraddhA vyakta thaI che. vRddhatva tathA mRtyune sAMkaLatA kavi "jarjarita dehane'mAM hArelA thAkelA jarjirata deha vaDe paNa adhUrAM kAma pUrAM karavAnI nema rAkhatA. e pUrAM thayAM pachI deha ane pote alaga thaI jAya to vAMdho na hato. A kavine mana mRtyu "madhuvirAma" che. tvarita ke maMdamaMthara game te gatie AvanAra mRtyune satkAranI kavinI taiyArI hatI. to "jherasudhA' kAvyamAM kavi ba. ka. ThA. mRtyune zreSThasudhA' kahe che. thAkelI hArelI mAMdI patnI daradathI mukta thavA ahIM patine smitamadhura nidrA ApI devA vinaMti kare che. pIDAdAyI jIvana karatAM mRtyu zreSTha sudhAsamuM hovAnuM e kahe che. ahIM "jherasudhA' jevo virodhI zabdaprayoga kavi kare che. mRtyu vaDe ahIM "jhera' e ja sudhA bane che. mRtyu vaDe ja mukta thavAya. kanubahena (1892/1928) potAnA kAvyamAM priyatama potAne kyAM zodhe? e kalpanAmAM mRtyu pachInA potAnA vAsa aMgenI jhaMkhanA vyakta kare che. pote mRtyu pachI potAne priya evA mogarAnI kaLImAM vilIna thaze, athavA nAjuka thaDakatA avAjamAM, candra ke zukranIchUpI vAtomAM priyajana potAnA sAnnidhyano anubhava karI zakaze ema kahe che. - kavi tribhuvana premazaMkarane paNa jJAna ane samAjane aMte mRtyuno vicAra zAMti ane mAMgalyanI anubhUti karAve che. kalApInA mRtyuno AghAta ('kalApIviraha') jarUra thayo. paNa pachI teoya bIjA kavionI jema adhyAtmaraMge raMgAyA. AdhyAtmika darzana lAdhatAM mRtyuno teo vidheyAtmaka maMgalasvarUpe svIkAra kare che. AtmAnI amaratA ane divyatAnI jhAMkhI thatAM mRtyu zarIranuM hoya AtmAnuM nahi, e satya samajAya che. kalApI mRtyune zAMtinuM bhuvana, preme baLela dilano madhukAla, hAsya ane rudana tathA azrunAM jharaNAM temaja jJAna sthaLa tarIke ("mRtyune') oLakhAve che. AvA parama madhura mRtyune mAnava oLakhI zakato nathI enuM emane duHkha che. jyAM sau raDe che tyAM mRtyu khaDakhaDIne hAsya karatuM lAge che. mRtyunuM Adhipatya sarvakAla cAle che. kalApI gatakAla tathA P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 152 bhAvi aMdhakAranA dIvA tarIke mRtyune ja gaNAve che. bALakanI bhALavaNI paNa teo premapUrvaka mRtyune ja kare che. kanyA ane kraoNca' kAvyamAM paNa kalApIe mRtyune "madhura' kahyuM che. mRtyuthI loko kema DaratA haze? evo prazna kavi kanyAnA mukhe mUke che. maranAra to vadhu sukhI che evuM e jaNAve che. viraha karatAM mRtyu vadhu madhura gaNAvAyuM che. vRddhaTeliyo" nAmanA kAvyamAM kavi mRtyune sau kaSTanA aMta tarIke oLakhAve che. pelA vRddhano eka paga citAnI agnijavALAmAM che. bIjo upADe to kaSTano aMta AvI jAya. motano ene Dara nathI. "DolaranI kaLIne' kAvyamAM kavi mRtyunI sArthakatAne biradAvatA mRtyune satkAra yogya gaNAve che. "mRta putrI lAlAMnI chabI daSTithI khesavatAM' kAvyamAM haiyAmAM mRta putrInI chabI AkArita thatAM AMkhamAM AMsu AvyAnI vAta thayA pachI tarata kavine vicAra Ave che. bhUlAyela duHkhane pharI bhUlI javuM eja yogya che. mRtyu pAchaLa duHkha zAne? arthAta mRtyu duHkhada nathI. to "madhyamadazAmAM mRtyune kavi kalApIe Adhi, vyAdhi ane duHkhanA sAcA ilAjarUpa gaNAvyuM che. "janmadivasa' kAvyamAM kalApI madhuramaraNanA satyane svIkAravA anurodha kare che. jo maraNa eja satya hoya to rudana zAne? jiMdagI karatAM mRtyu vadhu madhura diIse che. mRtyu kaDavo, paNa ujAsa che. "izkano baMdomAM kavi "motanI mIThI pathArI'no ullekha karI mRtyu madhura hovAnuM kahe che. "e to hamArI mAdare pAyuM hamone janmatA ne motanI mIThI pathArImAM bharyuM e e ja che." 3 ("izkano baMdo' pR. 358 "kalApIno kekArava') "hamIrajI gohela'no hamIrajI potAne "mRtyunA musAphara' tarIke oLakhAve che. mRtyunA satkAranI badhI taiyArI eNe karI lIdhI hatI. ahIM mRtyune svajana gaNavAmAM AvyuM che. e ati madhura ane komaLa paNa che. mRtyu ja ema kahevA mAge che ke mAnavIozikArIoja yamadeva banI jAya che. mRgane UMcakI javAnuM khuda mRtyune pasaMda nathI. tethI to mRgane bacAvavA mRtyu pote hamIrajIne AjIjI kare che. paNa bIjI bAju A kaSTadAyI pIDAno upAya paNa kevaLa mRtyu ja ne ? mRtyu ja muktidAtA nahIM ? "dUra che'mAM paNa jiMdagImAM je zAMtisukha na maLyAM, e motamAM maLavAnI zraddhA vyakta thaI che. arthAta mota zAMtiprada. kavi jaTile to mRtyunI stutinuM kAvya karyuM che. "avasAna stuti' e rIte viziSTa prakAranuM kAvya che. mRtyuthI DarIne koI IzvaranI stuti kare, ahIM to mRtyunI ja stuti karAI che. saMhAranA devatA caMdramaulinA saMbodhanathI zaMkaranI stuti e ja "avasAna stuti', to "mRtyu' kAvyamAM kavi jaTilanA vicAro vidheyAtmaka che. ('kAvyAMganA" pustaka) kavi ahIM mRtyune emanA navajIvananI zaktidAtrI samAdhirUpe varNave che. to "saMsparza' nAmanA kAvyasaMgrahamAM "mIThI Tazara' nAmanA kAvyamAM jaTile mRtyu pachInA pradezanuM varNana karyuM che. jayAM sadAkALa cAMdanI hovAnuM varNavAyuM che. ne tethI ja potAnA mRtyu pachI AMsu na sAravA svajanone vinaMti karAI che. kavi boTAdakara 'pataMga' kAvyamAM pataMgiyAnA mRtyune biradAve che. ne mRtyunI maMgalatA gAya che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 153 kevuM aho maraNaramya pataMga hAruM? sarvatra premarasane varasAvanAruM" ("kallolinI' pR. 13) praNayIne khoLe zarIra samarpI denAra pataMgiyAnA mRtyune kavi "virala' gaNAve che. A mRtyu kavinI daSTie to "nirvANa' che. kavie paNa pataMga jevA rampamaMgala mRtyunI jhaMkhanA ahIM vyakta karI che. to sAme cAlIne maraNamukhe homAtA saMgItapremI mRganA mRtyune kavi 'virala' ane "mIThA mRtyu' tarIke biradAve che. ("mRga ane udyAna") rasajalanidhimAM ekatva pAmI te aMte "mIThuM mRtyu pAmyuM hovAnuM kavi kahe che. "avasAna' kAvyamAM ("srotasvinI') mRtyu pachInA anubhavanI vAta kavi kare che. mRtyu pachI saMsAranAM koI duHkha astitva dharAvatAM nathI. e AzvAsanane lIdhe vitatha-mithyA jagatamAMthI manane UThAvI laI potAnA astitvane koI anerI sRSTimAM laI javA jIva utsuka bane che. vimala vizuddha jIva maraNathI Darato nathI. have to e vimala manathI zAMtipUrNa ane svastha rIte maravA icche che. "bAlyasmaraNa' kAvyamAM ("zaivalinI') mRtyune kavie sAcA dazya tarIke ne "aMtima satya" tarIke oLakhAvyuM che. kavi ahIM saMsArane kSaNabhaMgura ane mRtyune zAzvata sanAtana tattva gaNAve che. "abhilASa' kAvyamAM janmamaraNanA cakarAvAmAMthI mukta thavAnI jhaMkhanA vyakta thaI che. saMsAranA durgaMdhabharyA gartamAMthI chUTavAnI icchA kAvyanAyaka dharAve che. lAMbo jIvanapatha kApyA pachI visAmAnI, mokSa muktinI IcchA ahIM vyakta thaI che. kavi nhAnAlAla mRtyu pachInA amRta jIvananI vAta "mAro moramAM kare che. (keTalAMka kAvyo bhA.3) mayUranuM jagajIvana pUruM thatAM amRtajIvana AraMbhavAnI vAta yogI kare che. janma mRtyune-baMnene kavi utsava-parva gaNAve che. mRtyu eTale kavine mana mukti. 'vidAya lezo vIra'mAM duniyAnI vidAya letA, devabhUmimAM janArAnA pathane, mRtyupathane kavi "kalyANapatha' kahe che. dareka vicArakane mRtyunI pele pAranA pradezane jANavAnI utkaMThA hoya. kAzIrAma davene aMjali ApatAM kavi ('gurudeva') svarga, vaikuMTha, akSaralokanI pRcchA kare che. to "saurASTrano sArdhamAM anityamAMthI nityadhAmamAM gayelA, "sAtta tajI akSaramAM gayelA e sAdhu saMdarbhe Ilokane anitya ane paralokane nitya gaNAve che. "dharmarAyanA pArSadane vidAya' (prajJAcakSunAM prajJAbiMdu) (1941) kAvyane dhIrubhAI ThAkara (a. gu. vi. 231) jAnAlAlanI pratibhAmAMthI nIpajeluM mRtyaviSayaka amUlya ratana' gaNAve che. mRtyunI bhavyatA ane maMgalamayatAnuM hRdayasparzI nirUpaNa nhAnAlAle ja karAvyAnuM teo kahe che. svajananA prANa laI jatA dharmarAyanA pArSadane vidAya detI vakhate kavi zokane jIravIne svasthapaNe mRtyudUtane" moTA gharanA mhoDavI tarIke satkAravA Atura che. "asthiromAM sthira' (veNuvihAra, 1942) kAvyamAM mRtatAmAM amRta aMzo zodhavAnI kavinI mathAmaNano nirdeza che. kavi kahe che "mRtyulokane ghATa tUTuM chuM amRtanuM maMdira" to bhISmanA mRtyune kavi "janmAntaranA mahotsava' tarIke varNave che. ('kurukSetra') mRtyunA paDadA pAchaLanA amRtane (AtmAnI amaratA) kavi sanAtana gaNAve che. ne pAMDavonA mahAprasthAnane teo "kALakAramuM kahe che. 'dvArikApralayamAM kRSNanidhananuM suMdara nirUpaNa kavie karyuM che. kavi kahe che "avatAra paNa mRtyumukta nathI ne mRtyu to amRta che ne mukti paNa." "AtmA cheamRtajAyo ne deha che mRtyajAyomAM gItAnI vANIno raNakAra saMbhaLAya che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 154 "caMdananI tyahAM pAtharI citA kRSNadeva agnizayAmAM poDhayA (dvArikA pralaya) 103 hutAze lIdho chello havi, mRtyuloka kamabhAgI ne amarabhoma saubhAgyavAna banyo" nhAnAlAle mahaaMze akhaMDa yauvana, akhaMDa saudarya ane AtmasnehanI vAta vadhu lakhI che. mRtyunI vAta temanI kavitAmAM ochI Ave che. ne Ave che tyAMya vyApaka citaMnarUpe. viSAda ane zokanAM gIta na gAvAnuM emanAM pAtrone mukhe vAraMvAra kahetA A kavinI kavitAmAM kyAreka viSAdanI lahara DokiyAM kare che kharI. svajano mRtyu pAmatAM zoka ane khanI lAgaNI anubhavatAM uttama zraddhAMjalikAbo emanI kalamamAMthI sarakI paDyAM che. paNa ene vizeSa AtmalakSIrUpe temane vyakta karyA nathI. to purANakathAonA saMdarbhe kALa ane mRtyunuM ciMtana vyApaka phalaka para teoe karyuM che. tyAM kavitA ane tattvajJAna ekarUpa banI paramasatyo rajU kare che. kavi jamazedajI nasaravAnajI pItIta "mRtyune Aphatano cheDo' kahe che. ("bhAMgeluM vahAna"). "jAna teno tajIne gayo'to tana ne Avyo to Aphatano cheDo ne aMta" ('mArI majeha ne bIjI kavitA' pR. 3ra0) kavi kaMganA "nAIta thAta" parathI racelA "UMgha ane rAta' kAvyamAM "mRtyune muktidAtA gaNAvAyuM che. jeo sadAnI UMghamAM poDhyA che, mRtyu pAmyA che emane sukhI gaNe che. UMgha ane rAta baMne ahIM motanAM pratIka che. "eka gujarelA bALaka vize' ('devI mekabetha moyara uparathI')mAM kavie "mRtyune kAyamanuM sukha gaNAvyuM che. jagana bhajI UMghI gayelo bALaka sukhI thaI gayo hovAnuM kavi kahe che. bALakanI nAnakaDI chAnaH vo bahAra nIkaLI marI jaI, jIva sukhI thaI gayo hovAnuM kavi kahe che. - gajendrAya bucanA "haMsagAna'ne mAtra bucanA ja nahIM, samagra gujarAtI kavitAnA suMdara kAvya tarIke sthAna maLyuM che. kavine mRtyamAM vizvasaMgIta saMbhaLAya che, alabatta snehanuM. maganabhAI caturabhAI paTele "amaraAtmA' kAvyamAM AtmAnA amarattvanI vAta karI che. ("kusumAMjali saMgraha) kavi kahe che. AtmAnA amarattvano svIkAra karIe to mRtyunI karALa kALI javALa paNa maMda paDI jAya. "sRSTino khela'mAM zarUmAM mRtyunI bIka ane gabharATa vyakta thayA che. paNa pachI mRtyumAM ja sAcuM jIvanasUtra hovAnuM kavi kahe che. bIjA jIvanamAM pravezavA mATenA AdhArataMtu tarIke "mRtyune biradAvAyuM che. kavi mRtyune duHkhanA bhAgIdAra tarIke oLakhAve che. nRsiMha vANI vilAsa' (tRtIya pustakomAM zrI nRsiMhAcArya kahe che. . "nathI bhaya tene A mRtyuno jeNe jJAne gALyAM hADa" 18 ("nRsiMhavANIvilAsa' pR. 60) P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 155 bhAIzaMkara kuberajI zukla yama ane naciketAno saMvAdamAM mRtyune mukti rUpe oLakhAvyuM che. naciketA ahIM bIjuM varadAna mRtyu vinAnA svargamAM javAnI icchAnuM mAge che. sumati mahetAnA 1912mAM pragaTa thayelA maraNottara kAvyasaMgraha "hRdayajharaNA"nA zAMti(pAnuM 160) kAvyamAM aMtima zAMtinI devIne hRdayanA UMDANathI AvAhana apAyuM che. "raho zAnta che, huM zravaNa karuM chuM zAntinA madhurA ravo e cheka samIpe AvI gAe hAlA ....zA madhurA svaro ne zAMta te muja aMga zAnti dharI vAto Adare kaMI zabda paNa ucaryA vinA ne vAto mahArAthI kare" 9 ('hRdayajharaNAM' 160) (kAvyaspaMditA' 37) AvI rahelA mRtyu ane e pachI maMgaladAyaka zAMtino saMdarbha paNa ahIM gUMthAyo che. A gAnano mUka rava hRdayanA UMDANamAM evo dhvani jagADe che, ke jemAM jIvananA aMta samayanA eMdhANa hoya, enA chaMdobaddha svarUpamAM jIvananI saccAIno raNako saMbhaLAya che. sumati mahetAe "divya bALaka' kAvyamAM mRtyune "muktidhAma "divyadhAma' tarIke oLakhAvyuM che. bALaka enI mAne "divyadhAma'nA alaukika AnaMdano anubhava jANe kahe che. bALaka para prema hoya to mAneya divyadhAma AvavAnuM AmaMtraNa Ape che. kavayitrI kahe che "vizvamAM je jIvana AraMbhAyAM, sukhI thayAM, TakyAM, ne pAchAM gayAM te saune mRtyuthI vadhu AnaMda thayo che. jIvana karatAM mRtyu vadhu yazadAyI hovAnuM kavi kahe che. jIvanamuktinA eka mAtra upAya tarIke kavayitrI "mRtyune gaNAve che. putrI hemInAnA mRtyu nimitte lakhAyelA "darzanikA' nAmanA kAvyamAM "sRSTinI asthiratA nAmanA khaMDamAM kavi khabaradAra mRtyune vAsanAsabhara jIvanamAMthI chuTakAro hovAnuM kahe che. mRtyu pAmelAM svajano dUra pravAse gayAnuM kavi mAne che. kavi kahe che mANasanuM zarIra mare che, jIvana nahi. jyAre "mRtyunuM nRtya' nAmanA bIjA khaMDamAM kavi mRtyuno ja asvIkAra kare che. arthAt mRtyu jevuM tattva na hovAnuM jaNAve che. kAraNa "mRtyune teoe "maMgalarUpe have svIkAryuM che, joyuM che. mRtyu dvArA navajIvana pAmatuM jagata sadA tAjuM ne navapallavita rahe che ema teo mAne che. kavi khabaradAra kahe che "jIvana to haju ye vaNase, paNa mRtyu kadI vaNasatuM nathI' e pote hArI jaI jIvanane, zvAsane vijaya apAve che. "mRtyu na hoya to vijaya kyAM-zvAsano"?('darzanikA' 69) mRtyuthI na DaravAnuM kahetA kavi mRtyune jIvananA mIThA aMta tarIke oLakhAve che. kavi khabaradArane mRtyu pachInA jIvanamAM zraddhA che. ajJAna ane aNasamajane lIdhe virUpa dekhAtuM mRtyu have jJAna prApta thatA suMdara lAge che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 156 "koNa saudarya e mRtyunuM nirakhaze? koNa joze badhI enI lIlA" ? 11 ('darzanikA' 72) kavi mRtyunuM mahattva jarAya ochuM AMkatA nathI. kalyANikA' kAvyasaMgrahamAM "dviraMgIyota' kAvyamAM jIvana ane valanane paryAya mAnatA kavi ema mAne che ke jIvana viramatAM-mRtyu AvatAM badhI jalana viramI jAya che. AnaMda kAvyamAM paNa mRtyune kavi "IzvarakRpA' tarIke oLakhAve che. "prabhunAM teDA'mAM AdhyAtmika draSTikoNathI kavi mRtyunI maMgalatA gAya che. svajana raDe ke snehI raDe ghaDI mAre to hAsya ananya" 12 ('kalyANikA - 130) ... mRtyu dvArA thanArA prabhumilananI dhanyatAnI kalpanAmAM kavi AnaMdamagna che. to mRtyune nimaMtraNa ApatA kavine mRtyunuM Agamana saMgItamaya lAge che. ("dUrane nimaMtraNa') mRtyu ane janmanA cakrane kavi sauMdaryamaya gaNAve che. kavie gAMdhIjInI hatyA saMdarbhe traNa bhAgamAM "gAMdhI bApuno pavADo' lakhyo. trIjA bhAgamAM bApue deza khAtara karelA manomaMthanano citAra che. ogaNIso uDatAlIsa jAnyuArInI tArIkha trIsamIe saMdhyAkALe prArthanAsthAne padhAratA bApu para goLI chUTI paNa kavi kahe che bApu to marIne amara thaI gayA. bApunI ciranidrAne kavi caMdananI seja sAthe sarakhAve che. ne mRtyunI kSaNane "coghaDiyA kahetA kavi mRtyu maMgala hovAnI zraddhA dharAve che. "naMdanikA'nA "apUrNatAnuM mAdhurya kAvyamAM kavi khabaradAre kSaNabhaMguratAnA sauMdaryano mahimA gAyo che. rAta ane prabhAta baMnenA AgavA sauMdaryano kavi nirdeza kare che. khIlavuM, karamAvuM, pharI khIlavuM emAM ja sauMdaryanI khubU hovAnuM kavi jaNAve che. mRtyune lIdhe ja jIvananI tAjagI hovAnuM kavi kahe che. to "AmaMtraNa" kAvyamAM kavinI mRtyu mATenI taiyArInuM sUcana che. mRtyu nimitte AvatA IzvaranA gharanA teDAnI pratIkSA karatA kavi mRtyunA avasarane "dhanya' gaNAve che. ne e mATe teo taiyAra hovAnuM kahe che. govardhanayuga-prema ane mRtyu govardhanarAmanI "snehamudrAmAM snehano mahimA gavAyo che. ahIM mRtyu nehathI parAjita thayAnuM anaMtarAya rAvaLa noMdhe che, "nirmaLa rativALA daMpatIsnehano nAza karavAnI koI mAnavInI to magadUra zI? yamarAjanA prakAranI paNa tAkAta nathI. mRtyu daMpatIne khaMDita kare eTaluM ja, snehayogane khaMDita karI zakatuM nathI" 13 (aM. rA. 31) "snehamudrA'. dolatarAma paMDyAe "indrajItavadha'mAM indrajIta haNAtAM sulocanAno hRdayadrAvaka vilApa vipralaMbha zRMgArajanya karuNanuM udAharaNa che. pati sAthenA sahavAsanAM smaraNo dajhADe che. indrajItanI gajacAla, kRpALu kALajuM ne mArmika vacano enA haiye guMje che. patinuM mRtyu thatAM sulocanAne A asAra saMsAramAM badhA padArtha patimaya lAge che. agnimAM snAna karatuM zarIra jANe ke divyajyoti dhAraNa kare che. saLagatA zarIramAM bhavya sugaMdhI maheke che. citAnI javAlAo sAthe praNayarasanI jvALA maLatA satIne zAMtino anubhava thAya che. premano sadAya mRtyu para vijaya thato rahyo che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

Page #158
arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 157 "tuTyA jotAM jotAM sajaDa paDa aSTAvaraNanAM uDayA uDayA paMkhI vimala thaIne dvaitavanamAM 14 ('indrajItavadha' 146) zarIra che tyAM sudhI ja dvita judAI ne pachI to nIrava advaita. "dharI A be satvo punita rati advaita banatAM 11 (indrajItavadha' 146) sadUgata pati sAthe advaita sadhAtAM liMgAbhAsa tyajI e asala padane pAme che. e ja rIte bhImarAva diveTiyAe lakhelA "pRthurAjarAsA'mAM paNa prema ane mRtyune sAMkaLyA che. "pRthurAjanA mRtyu samaye AkraMda karatI saMyuktAnuM varNana karatAM kavi kahe che. kRpA ane kSamAbharI vRtti dharAvanAra pati nagharoLa kema thayAnuM, saMyuktA karuNa AkrozamAM pUche che. pachI mRtyu pAmelI vyakti pAchI na Ave e vAstava svIkArI, patinA viraha tapta banelI saMyuktA satI thavA tatpara bane che. ne svecchAmRtyuno svIkAra kare che. - narasiMharAva diveTiyAe yuvAna putra nalinanA mRtyu nimitte snehanA sAtatyano ullekha karyo che. putrarUpI AzAtaMtu tUTI javA chatAM bhaktahRdaya prabhuzraddhAmAM samAdhAna ane zAMti zodhatuM hatuM. kavine samajAyuM, AtmAnuM divya saMgIta mRtyuthI naSTa thatuM nathI. kavinI atUTa zraddhA che ke mRtyu premanA saMbaMdhono viccheda karAvI zakatuM nathI. mRtyu pote to nAzavaMta che. jyAre prema sanAtana che. to kavi kAnta to samagra jIvana daramyAna snehanoja mahimA karyo hato. mitra, patnI, putra, putrI vagerenA avasAne udvigna banelA kavinI, snehamAM atUTa zraddhA hatI. jagatanA racanAranuM krUra ezvarya snehajIvanamAM vighnarUpa bane che tyAre A lokamAM praNayasukhanI AzA rAkhavI duSkara banatAM cakravAkayugala svecchAmRtyunuM zaraNa svIkArI paralokamAM niravadhi snehajIvana zodhavA prayANa kare che. mRtyu para premano vijaya ahIM gavAyo che. A duniyAmAM nahi, paNa bIjI-maraNa pachInI duniyAmAM jIvananI, premanI dhanyatAno anubhava thaze e zraddhAe baMne mRtyu pAmIne premabhAvanI ektAne amara banAvI de che. cakravAka mithuna (mRtyu vakhate sahavAsano AnaMda) udgAra kare che. AhA AhA avara duniyA dhanya" 12 ('ApaNAM khaMDakAvyo' pR. 18) mRtyu pAranI navI sanAtana divyabhUminuM darzana paNa premanI divyatAnuM ja pariNAma. to vasaMtavijaya'mAM paNa mRtyu para premano vijaya thato kavie batAvyo che. snehajIvana svIkAratAM pAMDanuM mRtyu thAya che. mRtyu karatAM snehajIvanano mahimA ahIM vizeSa gavAyo che. pAMDunuM mRtyu dekhItI rIte karuNa lAgavA chatAM karuNa nathI. pAMDu marIne amara banI gayo, ne nehajIvananI amaratA gAI gayo. "vasaMtavijaya' zIrSaka ja vasaMta, yauvana, prema, snehano vijaya gAya che. A badhAnI pAse zarIranuM mRtyu koI visAtamAM nathI, eya ahIM sUcavAyuM che. pAMDue snehavihoNA jIvana karatAM snehayukta mRtyu pasaMda karI sneha tathA sauMdaryano mRtyu parano vejaya sthApI banAvyA che. P.P.AS. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

Page #159
arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 158 kAntanAM praNayakAvyo kavinAM baMne patnIone udezI lakhAyAM. pahelI patnInA mRtyunI vyathA kAntane mATe asahya hatI. "vidhurakuraMga', "viprayoga', "tadre tada vaMtike'mAMnA zoka ane premanA bhAvonI abhivyakti ajoDa che. "sneha mATe svargayAga" kAvyamAM potAnA maraNathI priyatamane ochuM AvavAnuM hoya to maraNanI mamatA mUkI devI joIe. patinA hRdayamAM potAnuM sthAna anivArya hoya to svarganA sukhane choDavA taiyAra nAyikA prema khAtara maraNano tyAga kare che. ne potAnA jIvane kahe che. "are, mUkI de re maraNa parathI jIva mamatA" A kavie hamezAM premane ja amara gaNyo che. "praNayanI khAtara praNaya'mAM tethI ja to "premanA abhAvane teo "mRtyu' kahe che. "svargagaMgAne tIra'mAM kavino viziSTa kalpanAvihAra premasmaraNanuM ja pariNAma che. patnI svargamAMthI potAnA zayanamAM apsarA rUpe AvI patine svargamAM laI javAnuM sUcana karI patine svargamAM laI jatAM thato romAMcano anubhava kavi varNave che. jyAre ba. ka. ThA. mRtyu ane prema vize judI ja vicArasaraNI dharAve che. teo mRtyune yathArtharUpe svIkAre che ne tethI "mRtyune premamAM vighnakartA mAne che. "prema' mRtyune kAraNe ja maryAdita banato hovAnuM teoe anubhaveluM. jyAre "premano divasa" ane "viraha'mAM prema ane mRtyu-be ekaja anubhava hovAnuM teo kahe che. "premano divasa premanuM kAvya pUruM karyuM ane tarataja 1914mAM "viraha' mRtyunA kAvyano AraMbha karyo che e keTaluM sUcaka che" (gu. sA. cha. graMtha-3 pAnuM 517) "premano divasamAM aMte mRtyu che. "virahamAM AraMbhe mRtyu che. prema pachI mRtyu, premanuM mRtyu "premamRtyu "prema = mRtyu" Ama prema ane mRtyu e be bhinna bhinna anubhava nathI. ekaja anubhava che. enuM emAM sUcana che." 18 (gu. sA. I. graMtha-3 pAnuM 517) kavi ba. ka. ThA. no potAno anubhava evo rahyo che ke, mRtyu sAmeno saMgharSa vyartha nIvaDyo. ne mRtyunI jIta thaI. patnInA avasAna saMdarbhe kSaNabhara mRtyunI jIta thatI emaNe joI. ne chatAM sneha, tathA snehasmaraNamAM zraddhA acUka rahI che. ba. ka. ThA. e premano mRtyu parano vijaya bhale anubhavyo na hoya. paNa sauMdaryano mRtyu parano vijaya to pramANyo che. grIka kavi kelimAsakanA muktaka kAvyanA anuvAdamAM saune parAjita karatuM mRtyu pote parAjita thatuM joyuM che. deha kAlAdhIna haze, paNa manuSyanA jIvanamAM keTalIka kSaNo kAlAtIta che. ne te "sauMdaryanI kSaNo". mRtyu saudaryane naSTa karI zakatuM nathI. bulabulanA kaMThamAM kavine nAyikA caMdramaNino miSTa avAja amara hovAnuM pratIta thAya che. enuM kadI mRtyu nathI. kALa paNa sadA ene suyA karaze evI kavinI zraddhA hatI. "satI' (guccha. 4)mAM sadgatane uddezIne vyathAnA udgAra vyakta thAya che. patinuM mRtyu thatAM dAhartA maLI. khAkha to na thavAyuM. vedanAe mRtyu na ApyuM, baLatarA ja ApI. paNa tarata nAyikA svastha banI mRtyu para premanA vijayano svIkAra kare che. satInA hAthane enA patinA sAnnidhyamAMthI koI, yama paNa nahIM choDAvI zake. ahIM zAzvata abhedanA sAmrAjayano mRtyu para thato vijaya sUcavAya che. kalApInI kavitAmAM praNaya ane mRtyunuM advaita jovA maLe che. emano prazna che. "mAnavane premI banAvyo, to AyuSya kema ochuM ApyuM?' premInA hRdayabhAva oLakhAya, na oLakhAya tyAM to mRtyu AvI pahoMce che. to "mRtyu" kAvyamAM mRtyu ane vAtsalyane P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

Page #160
arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 159 sAMkaLatAM, vAtsalyano mahimA batAvyo che. bhoLA pArevaDA samA bALakano dehavilaya thatAM bebAkaLA banelA pitA mRtyu tattvane samajI zakatA nathI. "kanyA ane krauMca'mAM paNa prema ane mRtyunuM ciMtana rajU thayuM che. kanyAno premI zatrunA hAthe marAyo che. ne chatAM enA haiyAmAM uga nathI. viraha karatAM mRtyune vadhu madhura gaNatI e kanyA viraha asahya banatAM dharatI para DhaLI paDe che. ne virahano paNa aMta Ave che. "hRdayatripuTI'mAM paNa prema ane mRtyune kavie sAthe sAMkaLyA che. premanA ja kAraNe jIvana ane mRtyu baMne sukhada ane suMdara bane che. kavi kahe che premanA raMge A vizva jo raMgAyuM na hota to jiMdagI ane mRtyumAM harSa zo raheta? "hajuya maLavuM'mAM virahanA agnimAM zekAtI priyatamAnI maratAMya priyatamane maLavAnI jhaMkhanA vyakta thaI che. mRtyupaLa prema ke premIne bhulAvI zakatI nathI. "vidAya'mAM prema dvArA mRtyu para vijaya pAmavAnI tamannA vyakta thAya che. premanA baLa vaDe mRtyuno paDado cIravA teo taiyAra thAya che. janma janma priyatamAne maLavAnI jhaMkhanA vyakta thaI che. premanA pArAvArane pAmavA A jiMdagI ochI paDe ema kavi kahe che. ("vahAlIne nimaMtraNa') eja rIte "hRdayarasa'mAM paNa premarasa pIvA jiMdagI TUMkI paDavAno aphasosa vyakta thayo che. premavihoNuM jIvana mRtyu samAna gaNAyuM che. "izkano baMdo'mAMya premano mahimA gAtAM gAtAM kalApIe mRtyunI sarakhAmaNI ja prema sAthe karI che. ahIM premane mRtyunA paryAya tarIke oLakhAvAyo che. "dUra che'mAM prema ane mRtyunI goSThinI vAta che. jiMdagImAM je zAMtisukha na maLyAM e motamAM maLaze evI zraddhA vyakta thaI che. boTAdakare paNa premano mRtyu parano vijaya gAyo che. premayogamAM satyavAna sAvitrInI kathAnA saMdarbhamAM kavie mRtyu para premanA vijayane prasthApita karyo che. premayogane kALa paNa bhedI na zakyo. kALane-kamane kavi ahIM "mugdha' kahe che. zuM mRtyuMjaya yoga zuddha praNaye dekhe na tuM daSTie" 19 (42) "kallolinI' Ayuno krama premayogapathamAM ADo na AvI zake. premanuM hRdaya amaryA che. ene mRtyuno bhaya DarAvI na zake. sAvitrI yamane kahe che "prema pAse vidhi niSedha na phAve to tuM zI rIte phAve'? "jayadevapatnI paNa prema ane mRtyu paranuM kAvya che. priyanuM maraNa thatAM premI sAthe sahagamana karI zarIra choDavuM joIe ema mAnatI jayadevapatnIne mATe zarIra kaMI premI karatA vizeSa na hatuM. to "mIrAMne" kAvyamAM jhera pacAvI janAra mIrAMnA prabhupremano mRtyu parano vijaya gavAyo che. jyAM abheda che. premAdvaita che, tyAM mRtyu nathI. prema, pachI te mAnava pratyeno hoya, ke Izvara pratyeno manuSyane nirbhaya banAve che. jherano pyAlo mIrAMne mArI na zakyo. mRtyu mIrAMne sparzI na zakyuM. "e UMcA uramAMhI mRtyurasa na nA pocI lagAre zakyo 180(pAnuM. 97 "kallolinI' boTAdakara) zaivalinI' saMgrahamAMnA "zarvarI' kAvyamAM paNa mRtyu para premanA vijayano mahimA aMkAyo che. jeo potAnAM svajanone potAnAM prANa pIyUSa pAIne poSe che. tene "viSajanita mRtyu sparzI zakatuM nathI. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

Page #161
arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 160 nhAnAlAla to "premabhakti' upanAma ja dharAve che. svAbhAvika rIte ja premanuM UMcuM mUlya temanI kavitAmAM hoya. "pArevaDAM' (kaTalAMka kAvyo. bhA. 3. pAnuM. 95) kAvyamAM premano mRtyu parano vijaya kavie gAyo che. kavi kahe che snehIo mRtyuthI para che citAo zarIrane bALatI haze paNa snehane nahIM" 181 ("keTalAMka kAvyo' bhA. 3 pR. 95). tAjamahela' ('citradarzano')mAM kavi prema ane mRtyunuM ciMtana rajU kare che. premikAnA mRtyumAMthI pAMgareluM, mahoreluM kAvyapuSpa eTale "tAjamahela'. kavi ahIM mRtyune judA ja dRSTikoNathI nihALe che. zarIranAM-snehInAM mRtyu hoya. snehanAM ne sauMdaryanAM kadI mRtyu na hoya. mRtyuthI ajeya hoya teo. mahAkALanI vAsukiphaNA enI jIbha phelAvatI kutkAratI hoya, ne sarvabhakSI yamanI yaMtraNAnuM sAmrAjya cAreya bAju vyApeluM hoya tyAreya prema ane saudarya to aDIkhama rahe che. tayApi mRtyu rasanAM nathI. nathI, saudarya, ne sneha ajita mRtyuthI" 182 ('citradarzano' pAnuM. 60) to "tAjamahelane kavi yamunAtIre gavAyelI premInI premagItA kahe che. je mRtyu parano sadA vijaya gAyA kare che. gajendrarAya buce paNa mRtyu nahi, snehane sarvoparI gaNAvyo che. "haMsagAna' kAvyamAM nehane mRtyumAM paNa vizvasaMgIta saMbhaLAtuM hovAnI vAta kavi kare che. ko mRtyumAMye zuM vizvasaMgIta snehane nahIM to jIva resAtAM, gAna te kema nIsare" ? 183 , ('gajendra mauktiko' pAnuM. 3) A kAvya pratIkAtmaka che. snehanA saMgIta sAthe mRtyuye ThAvakuM thaI besI jAya che. praNayasUrasaritAne toDavAnI hAma mRtyumAMya nathI. mRtyuveLAeya sneha eja paramauSadhi. (nAnI vaye mRtyu pAmelA kavineya zuM mRtyumAM vizvasaMgIta lAdhyuM ?) "prazna' kAvyamAM AMkhaDI mIcAtAM sneha svapnanI zAzvatatA smaraNarUpe rahetI hovAthI mRtyu para aMte snehanA thatA vijayanI vAtane siddha karI Ape che. | kavi jagannAtha dAmodara tripAThI (sAgara) paNa prema ane premInI amaratAno mahimA gAyo che. "isA, arjI kabUlI le'mAM prema ane premInI amaratAno mahimA gAyo che. prastAvanA' kAvyamAM paNa premInI amaratAno mahimA karatAM kavi kahe che "prema karanAra to mRtyu pachI paNa cAhe, premane jIvana ke maraNa kazAnAM baMdhana nathI hotAM. kavi sAgarane ('dIvAne sAgara, trIjo tabakko') potAnI kabara para "sAgara" kahI raDanArAM svajanonA avAja saMbhaLAya che. "kabaramAMthI svapna' kAvyamAM paNa snehane kAraNe thatA AbhAsanI vAta che. potAnI kabaramAM priyAnuM Agamana tathA kaphana ukelI suMdara puSpo bichAvI ghUMghaTa kholI jANe priyAe cuMbana dvArA navuM jIvana bakyuM hoya evo bhAsa thAya che.... prema tathA premI jANe kabaramAMthIya beThAM thAya, jAgRta thAya. evo premamahimA kavi gAya che. ijana P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 161 meM pAranuM kIdhuMmAM paNa prema taDapananI vAta che. mitra vinA, jIvatAM, chatAM mRtyuno * anubhava karatA premadIvAnAo mATe to prema e ja jIvana che. ne prema e ja mRtyu. premIone mRtyunI paravA hotI nathI. tame to cho sanama sarakAramAM paNa mRtyu paratvenI beparavAI vyakta thaI che.' sumati mahetAnA "snehInI AkAMkSAmAM ('hRdayajharaNAM) marIne paNa snehano mahimA gAvA nIkaLelA mAnavonI mahattA darzAvAI che. nehI enI priyatamAne kahe che. "vaikuMThathI sAkSAt prabhu ene levA Ave topaNa e jaze nahi. AtmA jenA AdhAre Takyo hoya evA priyajanane sUkSmarUpe nityadhAme jatAM priyAnI rAha joto priyatama vIrajAne taTe Ubho raheze. priyA mRtyu pAmIne Avaze tyAM sudhI e rAha joze. premano Avo mahimA che. priyA vinAnuM paramadhAmanuM sukha paNa nakAmuM. tyAM paNa baMne sAthe ja jaze evI jhaMkhanA, evI atUTa prIta, ne ahIM varNavI che. mRtyu prema ke premIne khaMDita karI zakatuM nathI e bhAvanA dRDhapaNe ahIM uccArAI che. khabaradAra prema ane mRtyuno mahimA gAtA pichAna" ("kalikA' 7) kAvyamAM jaNAve che ke premanA pAravAramAM nhAvA mATe A AyakhuM jANe TUMkuM paDe. priyatamanA mRtyune lIdhe nAyakane jIvana retInA raNa jevuM lAge che. kavi kalApIe mRtyu pachI thanArA piMDadAnanA ziSTAcAra para kaTAkSa karyo che. prItavihoNI piMDadAna vidhimAM kavine rasa nathI. lohInI sagAI paNa jANe svajana mRtyu pAmatAM pUrI thAya che. kavi boTAdakare "zaivalinI' kAvyasaMgrahanA vaidhavya' kAvyamAM e aNaghaTatI ghaTanA koNa gayuM ghaDI ? e praznamAM mRtyu para AkSepa karyo che. paraMtu rezama zA e komaLa keza vidAratAM kema haNAyA e nahi nirdaya hAtha jo'mAM vidhavAne virUpa karanAra rUDhidAso para kavie karuNa kaTAkSa karyo che. A uparAtaM satIprathAnA ullekho paNa maLe che. govardhanayuga ane yuddhajanya mRtyu - dolatarAma paMDyAnA "indrajItavadha' tathA bhImarAva diveTiyAnA "pRthurAjarAsA' mahAkAvyanA prayogo mahadaMze yuddhajanya mRtyumAMthI nIpajatA karuNane vahAve che. indrajItavadha'mAM pahelA sargamAM yuddhanA mahAvinAzanI bhayAnakatAnuM varNana hRdayadrAvaka che. Avyo caDhI nAza kRtAnta ghoDe . duraMta che yuddha mahAna joDe" 84 ("indrajItavadha' pAnuM. 3) raNamAM mRtyu pAmanAranA prasaMgane indrajIta ati uttama gaNAve che. sainya racanAnuM varNana karatAM, kavi laDavA jatA indrajItane jagata haNavA AvelA kalkinA avatAra jevo kahe che. (sarga-5) raNamAM deha paDe to svarga maLe e kalpanAnuM kAvyamaya varNana, yuddhavarNana, kavi Ape che. AThamA sargamAM rudrarasathI sabhara yuddha varNana kavi Ape che. mastaka eTalAM badhAM chedAyAM ke vRkSa para beThelAM pakSIo vRkSa parathI ja potAnAM lAkho bhakSane nihALI rahyAM. maraNa sAthe jANe saue maitrI AdarI na hoya? (sarga-24) bhAdrapadanA meghanI jema sainyanI P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 162 talavAro vIMjhAya che. ne sainya kSaNamAM ThAra thAya che. zabanA DuMgara khaDakAya che. lakSmaNa indrajItano hAtha kApe che. ne siMha jevI phALa bharI, kALanI jema zatrunA zira para caDI - bese che. Indrane jItanAra raNamAM talavAra vaDe marAya che. utaryuM dhaDa uparathI zIza utaryuM yuddha keruM mISa utaryo bhUmi kero bhAra na utaryo indrajIta bhavapAra" 185 ('indrajItavadha' 134). sarpa kAMcaLI, yogIo darpa, paMDito vANI choDe tema pATavIkuMvara IndrajIta prANa tyaje che. IndrajItanA vIrocita mRtyunuM kAvyamaya varNana kavi kare che. . "bhAla pratApI laMkanA sulocanAnA prANa / anaMtamAM laya thaI gayA bhara darIe jyama chANa" 18 (indrajItavadha' 135) bhImarAva diveTiyAe "pRthurAjarAsA'mAM yuddhajanya mRtyunuM varNana karyuM che. agiyAramAM sarga kAvya pUruM thAya che. vIrarasanI kathA pUrI thAya che. navamA sargamAM pRthurAjanA vIratvanuM suMdara varNana kavi kare che. yavanoe kapaTa karI pRthurAjane keda karI enI AMkho phoDI nAkhI. zAhabuddIne paDelAne pADI ghora kapaTa karI marelAne mAryo. nhAnAlAle lakhelAM vIrakAvyomAM yuddhajanya vIra mRtyunI vAta Ave che. "dhanya ho dhanya ja puNya pradeza" ("prajJAcakSunAM prajJAbiMdura) tathA "zukananI ghaDIomAM bhISma pitAmahanI jema mRtyune zAMtimaMtra uccAratAM yuddhavATe saMcaravA kavi vIrone hAkala kare che. vIrane vaLI mRtyu zAM? deza mATe zahAdata vahoranArAne mRtyu na hoya. to mRtyune muThThImAM laI yuddhamAM javA tatpara banelA patine hoMze vidAya ApatI, patine "kesarabhInA kaMtha' kahI pAno caDhAvatI rajapUtANInuM citra anupama che. pati jo vIra gatine pAme to satI thavAnI pUrNa taiyArI paNa enI che. mRtyu pachI svargamAM to patine maLAze ja evI zraddhA e vyakta kare che. "kurukSetra to AkhuMya yuddhavarNananuM kAvya che. paNa yuddha nimitte kavie mRtyaciMtana paNa ApyuM che. ne yuddhajanya mRtyumAMthI nIpajato karuNarasa paNa vahAvyo che. mahAmRtyunI ghora ghoSaNAothI kurukSetra sadAyanuM gAjatuM kavie varNavyuM che. ne yamarAja kALanAM pallAM mAMDI pRthvInA puNyapApa jokhavA beThA hovAnuM ya kavi kahyuM che. abhimanyavadhanuM varNana karatAM kavi lakhe che "vIjaLInI jema jayadrathanuM khaJa paDyuM ne vadheryuM eNe kumAra mastakane. "abhimanyunA mRtyu sAtheja kaLiyuga pRthvI para beTho hovAnuM kavi kahe che.. "pitA pUrve putre lIdhI yamarATa 180 ('kurukSetra) (para) "mAyAvI saMdhyA' nAmanA AThamA kAMDamAM arjunane kavi sAkSAta ghUmatA "mRtyu' tarIke oLakhAve che. yudhiSThiranA ardhasatya "azvatthAmA haNAyo' sAMbhaLatAM zastratyAga karanArA droNane dhRSTadyumna saMhAre che. azvatthAmA pitRhatyAnuM vera levAnA zapatha le che. ne e bane che svayaM saMhAramUrti. arjuna dvArA karNa bharAya che. duryodhana bhImanI gadAthI paDe che. pitAnuM tarpaNa karavA tatpara "azvatthAmAne pAMDava zibire javA Adeza apAya che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa.0 163 keLA lUma zI khIMTaDiyALI kezAvalivantA draupadeyonAM mastako pRthvIkhoLe paDyAM 88. ('kurukSetra') (AThamo kAMDa "mAyAvI saMdhyA" pAnuM. 36). pachInuM varNana rUdrabhayAnaka che. kALanA koLiyo samo mastaka kuMbha ragaDI paDyo" 189 ('kurukSetra) ('mAyAvI saMdhyA' AThamo kAMDa. pR. 43) vyAsajI kurukSetrane parAjayanI parAkASThA gaNe che. "saMhAra vinA zuM saMsAra ja na nabhe? pAMDuputrono A trikALaprazna dIvAlone jaIne athaDAya che. jenA javAbarUpe brahmarSi kahe "saMhAra eTale navasRjana ane mRtyu eTale navajanma." khabaradAre lakhelAM vIrakAvyomAM yuddhajanya mRtyuno ke vIronI zahAdatano saMdarbha vaNAyo che. mATInuM mUla'mAM vIratvanI gAthA gAtAM gAtAM kAyarane jIvato mUelo, ne "raNazUro maraNe, raNadhIra' kahI raNamAM mRtyu pAmanAra marIne amara banyAno nirdeza kavi kare che. ("saMdezikA') "bhAratano TaMkAra' (1919)nAM kAvyo mukhyatve vIronI zahAdatanAM che. "svapna' kAvya zahIdonI ApavItI gAya che. bhAratanA jIvaMta sapUtonI sAthe jANe mRtavIro paNa jhajhUmatA hovAnuM kavi kahyuM che. "ratnaharaNa'mAM bhAratamAtAnA gayelA putro pAchA Avaze? ratna pAchuM maLaze ? ema kahI vIranA mRtyu para AMsu sAratA mAnavonI vAta karI che. "guMjanamAM bhAratamAM aneka janma laI vatanane mATe khapI javAnI vIronI tamannA vyakta thaI che. "zaMkhanAda"mAM deza mATe hAkala paDatAM zUravIronA rakta Abha sudhI uchALavAnI tathA kAyaronA marasiyA tathA vIronI vIragAthA gAvAnI kavi vAta kare che. "marazuM to paNa dhanya banIzuM mRtyu vize kyAM beDI ?" 190 ("bhAratano TaMkAra' pa7) mRtyune beDI nahi, paNa mukti mAnatA vIro marIne dhanya banavAno avasara zodhe che. "zUravIranAM raNasUtra'mAM dehano moha na dharAvatA vIro, zarIra deza mATe arpavAnA avasarane dhanya gaNAve che. navajIvananAM AdyAna"mAM zUrAonuM snAna rUdhiravATe ja hovAno nirdeza che. "zauryanAM smaraNa'mAM zahIda thayelA zUravIranA zauryane yAda karI viratvane protsAhana ApanArAMone aMjali apAI che. "maya kAya'ne deza mATe kurabAna karavAno ahAleka kavi jagAve che. 1940mAM khabaradAre pragaTa karelA "rASTrikA' saMgrahamAM svAtaMtryavIronI zahAdatanA saMdarbhamAM mRtyaciMtana thayuM che. "saunI pahelI gujarAtamAM AzA nirAzAno tyAga karI potAnI jAtane homAvI mRtyunI bherI vAgatAM sAbadA banI.. jaI samarpaNa karanArAonI kurabAnIonAM gItanI kavi vAta kare che. "haladIghATanuM yuddha duzmanono saMhAra karavA tatpara banAvatuM preraNAgIta che. mRtyumukhe homAvA tatpara thayelA bAvIza hajAra zUrAonA raNamAM khapI javAnA koDa vyakta thayA che. to "purohitanI P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 164 rAjabhakti sevake svAmI mATe ApelA balidAnanI gAthA gAya che. "mRta tananuM amRtamAM zahAdatanuM amRta rageragamAM bharI, bhAratane jIvADavA enA sapUtoe marI phITavuM joIe ema kahI yuvAnonI rASTrabhAvanAne protsAhana ApyuM che. govardhanayuga ane aMjalikAvyo bhImarAva diveTiyAe "kasamAMjali kAvyasaMgrahamAM (I. sa. 1903-saM. 1959) keTalAMka aMjalikAvyo prakaTa karyA che. mahAna samAjasudhAraka karasanadAsa mULajInA avasAnathI AghAta pAmI "karasanadAsanI garabI' (1870) kAvya racyuM. karasanadAsa jatAM raMka rakhevALa gayAnuM temaja gujarAta sUnI thayAnuM kavi kahe che. sudhArAbAgano e mALI jatAM timira phelAyuM ne chatAM kavine zraddhA che ke saddagatanA akSaya mahimAne kALa DhAMkI nahi zake. sane 188panA me mahinAnI 7mI ne guruvAre vaDodarAnA mahArAjA sayAjIrAvanAM dharmapatnI mahArANI camanAbAInA akALa avasAna nimitte kavi "smaraNacina' nAmanuM zraddhAMjali kAvya lakhe che. je e ja varSanA julAI mAsamAM "buddhiprakAza'nA aMkamAM prasiddha thayuM hatuM. ("bhImarAva) - kavi saMcite "phArbasaviraha'nA anukaraNamAM zrIraMgadhara sAthe "mahAbata viraha' nAmanA kAvyanuM saMpAdana kareluM. jUnAgaDhanA navAba mahAbatakhAnanAM 2991882nA roja thayelA IntakAlasaMdarbhe A kAvya racAyuM. kavi kahe che temano intakAla thatAM samasta rAjyamAM gamagInInuM vAtAvaraNa phelAI gayuM. tenuM bAhakIkata varNana karavAne badale vRttimaya bhAvAbhAsajanya kalpanAmUlaka gadyapadyAtmaka nirUpaNa karyuM che. kavi jaTile hari harSaddhavanA avasAna nimitte "suhRdamitrano viraha ane tatsaMbaMdhinI kathA' nAmanuM ekasodasa kaDInuM aMjalikAvya lakhyuM. svargavAsI gurjara vidvAna harilAla dhruva aMgenuM A virahakAvya che. jemAMnA prApta thayelA prathama khaMDamAM kavie ApelI AkhA kAvyanI bhUmikA jovA maLe che. A khaMDa 'vasaMtatilakAmAM lakhAyo che. jemAM sadgatanI guNasamRddhino ullekha che. sAhityalaharInA rasasarovare A kavine taratAM emaNe zIkhaveluM. evA mIThaDA jIvanane mRtyue haNyAno emane ghero viSAda che. to kavi nhAnAlAle keTalAMka suMdara aMjalikAvyo lakhyAM che. kAzIrAma davene aMjali ApatAM 'gurudeva'mAM kavie svarga, vaikuMTha, akSaralokanI pRcchA karI che. saddagatanuM jIvana tathA mRtyu baMne ujamALAM hovAnuM kavi kahe che. "UdhvagAmInuM javuM ya dhanya lAge che emane. saurASTrano sAdhu'mAM paDhiyArane aMjali ApatAM "sAnta tajI akSaramAM teo gayAnuM kavi kahe che. paDhiyArane "nibaMdha AtmA' tarIke teo biradAve che. jyAre kavi nhAnAlAlanuM pitRtarpaNa' to eka sarvottama aMjalikAvya che ja. pitAnA avasAna pachI bAra varSe lakhAyelA A kAvyamAM kendrasthAne "zoka' hovAnuM niraMjana bhagate kahyuM che. pitAne pote avagaNyA" ne "asatkAryA tenA pastAvAmAMthI A kAvya jakhyAnuM paNa teo kahe che. A ja kAvyamAM kavi temanA mAtAne paNa aMjali Ape che. zaizavakALamAM ja gumAvelAM mAtAnuM harSabharyuM hAsya, kavi kyAreya bhUlyA na hatA. pitAne dharmamUrtine mAne "bhaktimUrti kahI teo biradAve che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 165 jamazedajI nazaravAnajI patIte "gujarelImAya' nAmanuM eka sAmAnya zraddhAMjali kAvya lakhyuM che. kavi potAnI sadUgata mAne behasta (svarga)mAMthI pAchI bolAve che. mA jIvatAM tyAre kadara karI na hatI. eno teo aphasosa kare che. jo ke gayelI mA, ke koIpaNa - pAchuM AvavAnuM nathI e satya svIkAravuM paDe che. jagannAtha dAmodara tripAThI e (sAgare) "pitRhRdaya' kAvyamAM pitAne aMjali ApatAM pitAnA guNadarzana karAvyA che. pitAnA prayANa kavi-hayuM sUnuM banyuM che. "nivApAM-jali" paNa pitAnI puNyatithie racAyeluM aMjalikAvya che. pitA vinA putra nirAdhArIno anubhava kare che. "maraNane nivArI na zakAya'? evo prazna paNa kavi haiye jAge che. paNa aMte pitA mRtyu na pAmyAnI, teo amara hovAnI samAdhAnavRtti keLave che. "svarge vaselA priya janakane' kAvyamAM paNa "sAgare' pitAne aMjali ApI che. karmayogI pitAnI sAcI pichAna thatAM kavinAM nayano azru sAratAM nathI. pitAnI AtmamUrti haMmezAM sUkSma zarIre sadA sadodita banI darzana Ape che. "dIvAne sAgara' bIjA tabakkAmAM kavi sAgare nhAnAlAlaya zailImAM kalApIne aMjali ApI che. cItaranAranI pIMchI ADe pAchA AMsuDAnAM paDa che. A hRdayArpaNamAM kadAca kalAnuM sauMdarya na hoya, paNa saMvedanAnI ukhA to bharapUra che. "sanama sarakAra che' kalApIne sAgare ApelI aMjali che. kalApIne mUDImAM mota maLyuM hovAnuM teo kahe che. premano nazo pI teo haMmeza mATe sUI gayAnuM kavi kahe che. mitranA avasAnane khALI nahi zakavAthI potAnI jAtane pApI mAnatA kavi "sAgara" "jIvanabhara' zuM jigara raDyA ja karaze? evo prazna potAnI jAtane pUche che. "gurudevane caraNe'mAM kalApIne kavi hRdayavaidya, Atmavaidya, premazAstrakAra tarIke vaMdI jANe emanI AratI utAre che. narmadAzaMkara prabhurAma bhaTTe' nivApAMjali' nAmanuM kAvya potAnA oramAna bhAI jIvanarAma prabhurAmanA avasAna nimitte racyuM (janma saMvata 1921 maraNa saM. 1935). kivi Asovada caudasane "kharAba divasa' kahe che. bhAInI sAva jhAMkhI paNa mohaka AvRtti sadAya hRdayamAM ramI rahetI. kavi cirAte hRdaye sajaLa nayane prema ane kartavyapUrNa azrubhInI aMjali Ape che. kavi lalite paNa keTalAMka aMjalikAvya racyAM che. "aMgreja kavi zeline' kAvyamAM kavie zelinI zatAbdI samaye ApelI aMjali che. lalite zeline karuNarasanA deva tarIke biradAvyA che. to "rasakavi kAMtanA sahadarzana'mAM kavi kAntane yAda karI kAnta kavi para karelA anugrahone yAda kare che. TahUkI ghUmatA lADalInA kalApInI kuMjamAM' kAvyamAM kavi kalApIne temaja kAnta baMnene aMjali Ape che. azrubhInA rasarSi kalApInI sukumAratAne teo vaMde che. azarIra UDatA e baMnenA maitrI advaitane paNa kavi vaMde che. "azrukavine kAvya paNa kalApIne apAyelI aMjali che. "rAga ane tyAganA e kavine aMjali ApatAM kavi zRMgAra tathA saudaryanA parama abhuta rasAtmA tarIke emane biradAve che. to "sadgata devIno saMvatsara' kAvya lalite racyuM patnInI mRtyutithinA saMdarbhamAM, jemAM sAthe sAthe anya divaMgata svajanone paNa kavi zraddhAMjali arpe che. bhAIzaMkara kuberajI e morabInA svargastha mahArAjA zrI sara vAghajI bahAduranA P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 166 amara AtmAne nivApAMjali ApatAM sadgata rAjavInA vyaktitvanuM bhAvavibhora banI varNana karyuM che. rAjAne teo pRthvIrAjanA avatAra tarIke biradAve che. "gayA gayA ama rAjavI, rUverU jana sarva saMbhAre bahu morabI, gayo utAraNa garva" 19 ('kAvyavilAsa' (pR. 121)) rAjAne garIbanA pratipAla tarIke biradAvatAM kavi vAraMvAra ovAraNA le che. - "stavana maMjarI'nA racayitA sau dIpakabA desAIe emanuM pustaka aMjalirUpe mAtapitAne arpaNa karyuM che. jemAM mAtApitAnA RNano teoe svIkAra karyo che. "hRdayapadethI dUra na thAye deva samA dAtAra alpavaye mujane mUkIne thayo mAta tama kALa" 192 ('stavanamaMjarI' 21). priyajanane paNa aMjalikAvya che. vaDIlabaMdhu, kAkAkAkI sau-svarge sidhAvelAM, badhAMne yAda karI kavayitrIe aMjali arpI che. mRtyu pAmelI be bahenoya yAda AvI jatAM kavayitrIne nayane azrudhAra vahe che. kAvyatvanI zreSThatA ahIM bhale siddha na thatI hoya paNa svAnubhUtinI saccAIno raNako avazya jovA maLe che. - sau sumativhana bhUpatarAya mahetAnA maraNottara kAvyasaMgraha 'hRdayajharaNAM'mAM sara joI klArkanuM, mRtyu pahelAMnuM suMdara varNana karyuM che. enA vyAdhigrasta mukha para apUrva zAMti chavAyAnuM teo kahe che. A yuganAM pradhAna kavayitrI sumativhanane aMjali ApatAM e ja samayanAM kavayitrI vijayAlakSmI ha. trivedIe (1888 thI 1913) gharALu bhAve sumatibbenane aMjali ApI che. "sva. vijayAlakSmInI kRtio' emano maraNottara kAvyasaMgraha che. bhale vahAlI bhale choDyAM duHkha dardI, phleza sau tame gyAMne, amAreya tame : dIna joDe cAlavuM navI zailI kavitAmAM sAkSare, zrI sumati sAhitya upavane jANe zobhatI ko sarasvatI 193 ("kAvyapaMditA' 42) kavi khabaradAre "kAvyarasikA'mAM "mahArANI vijayAdevIno vaikuMThavAsa' nAmanuM rANI vikToriyAnA avasAna nimitte emanI biradAvalI gAtuM kAvya lakhyuM. kavi kahe che. sUrya agAuthI ja zokagrasta thaI asta thaI gayo. vidhAtAne "vAMko' kahI kavie rANInI atizayoktibhara prazaMsA karI che. "rASTrikA'mAM kavi khabaradAre mi. ke. khuzaro navarojajI kAbarAjInA mRtyunI prathama puNyatithie racyuM. (254/1905) (prathama puNyatithi) kevaLa lAgaNInA atirekane kAraNe kAvya ati sAmAnya banyuM che. ahIM aMjali sAthe rASTrabhAva paNa bhaLyo che. "e gAMdhI saMta sujANa'mAM kavi khabaradAre mRtyune muThThImAM rAkhI pharatA oliyAnI stuti karI che. gAMdhIjIe marIne jIvavAno maMtra sauno Apyo hovAnuM kavi kahe che. e ja rIte "svAmI zraddhAnaMdanA mRtyune paNa kavi "vIramRtyu' tarIke navAje che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

Page #168
arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 167 jagane jIvana devA zuM lAgyAM jIvyAthI mIThAM maravAM 194 ('rASTrikA' 88) svAmI zraddhAnaMdanI bhaDabhaDatI citAmAMthI bhAratane ujALavAno saMdeza maLato hovAnuM kavi kahe che. "kavi narmadanuM maMdira tathA "kavi narmadanI zatAbdI' kAvyo narmadanAM kAvya puSpone aMjali arpatAM kAvyo che. gulAmInI jaMjIra phoDI lAhoma karI jhukAvanAra narmadanI stuti ahIM kavi kare che. "gurjarIno azrupravAha' (101)mAM 1907nI cothI jAnyuArIe thayelA govardhanarAmanA avasAna nimitte racAyelA kAvyamAM govardhanarAma jatAM anAtha banelI gurjarI bhASAnAM AMsuno kavi nirdeza kare che. emanI hayAtImAM gurjaradevInI AsapAsa kavirAjanI kIrti gAtI vasaMtazrIno vaibhava bharapUra khIlelo hato. "maTubhAI haragoviMdadAsa kAMTAvALAnA mRtyuprasaMge kAvya lakhatAM kavinA maunanI vyathA vANImAM samAvavAnuM duSkara banyuM hatuM. emanA avasAnathI kavie jANe eka AMkha phUTI hovAnI vedanA anubhavI hatI. "vIsamI sadI' mAsikanA taMtrI ane mAleka sva. hAjI mahamma alArakhiyA zivajIne aMjali ApatAM kavi kahe che hAjI to AMsunA aneka dariyA tarI gayA" kavi khabaradAre gAMdhIjInI hatyAnA saMdarbhamAM traNa bhAgamAM "gAMdhI bApuno pavADo' 1948mAM bahAra pADyuM. gAMdhIjInA AtmasamarpaNane kavi dohyaluM kahe che. bIjA bhAgamAM kavie gAMdhIjIne "prabhunA phirastA tarIke biradAvyA che. ne trIjA bhAgamAM bApue deza khAtara karelA manomaMthanano citAra che. bApu marIne amara thaI gayAnuM kavi kahe che. eja varSamAM eTale ke 1948mAM "gAMdhIbApu' nAmanuM bApune zraddhAMjalirUpe pustaka pragaTa karyuM. kavi kahe che. - "mRtyunA dUta, duSTotaNA vezamAM ghUmatA bApunI AsapAsa" 192 ('gAMdhIbApu" 11) bApu gayA'mAM bApunA mRtyue thIjI gayelAM saunAM haiyAnI vedanAne vAcA ApavA kavie prayAsa karyo che. gAMdhI haNAtAM zAMtidUta haNAyAno kavie anubhava karyo hato. mahAtmA gAMdhInI zahIdI'mAM kavi gAMdhIjIne "bhAratabhANa' tathA bhAratanA bhAgyavidhAtA tarIke biradAve che. saMtasUnI' kAvyamAM gAMdhIjI jatAM paMthasUnI thaI gayelI pRthvIno temaja sUnI paDI gayelI jagatanI sitArIno kavi nirdeza kare che. kUlavisarjana'mAM bApunI rAha jotI AMkho adhIra banyAnuM kavi kahe che. "asatanAM tola'mAM traNa goLIe caDhIne gAMdhIjI svarga sidhAvyAno nirdeza che. "aMdezAmAM bApu jatAM saunAM vhAlA banI gayelAM haiyAMno ullekha che. "bApujInA khUnIo sAva sAmAnya kAvya che. saMtanA jIvanataMtu toDanAra kRtyane kavi ghAtakI gaNAve che. "amaradhAmano phuvAromAM paNa gAMdhIjInAM smaraNone kavie vAcA ApI che. "eka gAMdhI bAputhI' gajhalamAM kavi gAMdhIjIne duniyAnuM sarvasva gaNAve che. mRtyune muThThImAM laI, marIne jIvavAno maMtra gAMdhIjIe ApyAnuM teo kahe che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

Page #169
je che 4 i : ejana 145 22 arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 168 pAdaTIpa a.naM. vigata pAnAnaMbara 1. "arvAcIna gujarAtI sAhityanI dhIrubhAI ThAkara vikAsarekhA-1' ejana 103 gujarAtI sAhityano ItihAsa graMtha-3 gujarAtI sAhitya pariSada, 216 amadAvAda ejana 2017 ejana 217 ejana 218, 219 224 ejana 22pa ejana 225 10. ejana 1. 227, 228 11. arvAcIna kavitA suMdaram 12. ejana 148 13. arvAcIna gujarAtI sAhityanI dhIrubhAI ThAkara 102 vikAsarekhA-1" 14. "arvAcIna kavitA' suMdaram 215 15. "snehamudrA" zrI anaMtarAya rAvaLa ejana 39 17. ejana 33 lIlAvatI jIvanakalA" govardhanarAma mA. tripAThI 137 arvAcIna kavitA' suMdaram 205 'indrajItavA dolatarAma kRpAzaMkara paMDyA 137 pRtharAjarAsA bhImarAva diveTiyA smaraNasaMhitA? narasiMharAva diveTiyA 23. pUrvAlApa' maNizaMkara ratnajI bhaTTa "kAnta ra69 25. ejana 13ra arvAcIna gujarAtI sAhityanI dhIrubhAI ThAkara 262 vikAsarekhA-1 27. ejana 256 gujarAtI sAhityano itihAsa gujarAtI sAhitya pa23 graMtha-3 pariSada, amadAvAda. ra9. ejana 517 ejana parara 31. * ejana para3 3ra. "bhaNakAra' balavaMtarAya ka. ThAkora 32 33. ejana 183 34. ejana 184 35. ejana 181 36. kalApIno viraha kavi tribhuvana premazaMkara upAdyAta-6 P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust 24. 26. 28.

Page #170
33 100 arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 169 37. ejana ejana , 43 ejana 53 40. "kalApI ane saMcita rameza zukla 260 41. ejana 287 42. ejana 314 43. ejana 321 44. ejana 350 45. ejana 169 46. saMsparza jIvaNarAma lakSmIrAma dave 44 47. "arvAcIna kavitA" suMdaram 375 48. "caMdra khaMDa-1 (megejhina) saMpA. jaTila 161 49. ejana caMdra khaMDa-1 (megejhIna) 162 50. ejana 162 51. zaivalinI kavi boTAdakara 99 ejana 53. "arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAnI dhIrubhAI ThAkara ra28, rara9 vikAsarekhA-1 ejana rara9 papa. "keTalAMka kAvyo' bhAga-3 kavi nhAnAlAla 104 pa6. ejana 102 ejana 107 mArImadeha tathA bIjI kavitAo jamazedajI nazaravAnajI pItIta 320 gajendra mauktiko gajendrAya buca 64 ejana 64 ejana 64 ejana arvAcIna kavitA' suMdaram * 200 64. "thAkeluM hRdaya jagannAtha dAmodaradAsa tripAThI (sAgara) dIvAne sAgara' ('pahelo tabakko) jagannAtha dAmodaradAsa tripAThI (sAgara). 66. zApasaMbhrama ane bIjI kavitAo narmadAzaMkara prabhurAma bhaTTa kAvyavilAsa" bhAIzaMkara kuberajI zukla ejana 69. ejana 70. kAvyapaMditA DaoN. gItA parIkha 71. "hRdayajharaNAM sau. sumatibahena bhUpatarAya mahetA 21 72. "darzanikA" aradezara pharAmajI khabaradAra 77 ejana 140 74. "snehamudrA" govardhanarAma mA. tripAThI 35 saMpA. anaMtarAya rAvaLa 75. ejana P.P. AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust 57, para 67. 24 73. 35

Page #171
88 arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 170 snehamudrA' govardhanarAma mA. tripAThI saMpA. anaMtarAya rAvaLa 77. ejana 78. ejana 79. "lIlAvatI jIvanakalA" govardhanarAma mA. tripAThI indrajItavadha' dolatarAma kRpAzaMkara paMDyA hRdayavINA' narasiMharAva diveTiyA smaraNasaMhitA narasiMharAva diveTiyA 83. "ApaNAM khaMDakAvyo (TippaNa) saMpA. dhIrubhAI ThAkara, caMdrazaMkara bhaTTa (AvRtti-ra) 146 80. 99 82. 34 210 ejana 214 85. 'bhaNakAra' baLavaMtarAya ka. ThAkora ejana 139 160 159 160 160 17ra 156 guccha. 3 kavi tribhuvana premazaMkara 157 87. ejana 88, ejana 89. ejana ejana 91. ejana : 2. ejana 93. "kalApIno viraha' 94. ejana 95. ejana kalApIno kekArava" ejana 68. ejana 99. ejana 100. ejana 101. ejana 102. "arvAcIna kavitA 103. "saMcitanAM kAvyo 92 107 111 kavi kalApI 91 103 - 9 542 544 suMdaram 374 rUpazaMkara udayazaMkara ojhA 103 saMcita" jIvaNalAla lakSmIrAma dave ('jaTila')18 saMpA : jaTila kavi nhAnAlAla 161, 162 104. "kAvyAMganA" 105. ejana 106. "caMdra megejhina 107. "keTalAMka kAvyo' bhA. 3 108, ejana 109. "keTalAMka kAvyo' bhA. 3 110. "veNuvihAra 111. "kurukSetra 112. ejana "zarazayyA" ekAdazakAMDA 113. ejana 114. ejana 115. dvArikApralayal M.S. kavi nhAnAlAla kavi nhAnAlAla kivi nhAnAlAla kavi nhAnAlAla - 21 31 37 110 44 14 - pR. 23 kavi nhAnAlAla Gun Aaradha 35, 37

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63 pa7 2 RO arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 171 116. ejana 65 117. ejana : 103 118. ejana 115 119. ejana 12 120. "harisaMhitA'. kavi nAnAlAla 148 121. ejana 47 122. "mArI majeha tathA bIjI kavitAo jamazedajI nazaravAnajI pItIta 123. ejana 361 124. ejana 419 125. "dIvAne sAgara' (prathama tabakko) jagannAtha dAmodaradAsa tripAThI (sAgarA 126 ejana (bIjo tabakko) 210 127. ejana 128. ejana 497 129. "zrImanRsiMhavANI vilAsa' tRtIya pustaka zrImanRsiMhAcArya 130. ejana 60 131. "zrImanRsiMhavANI vilAsa' tRtIya pustaka zrImanRsiMhAcArya 109 132. "kAvyapaMditA" DaoN. gItA parIkha 133. "hRdayajharaNA" sau. sumati bhUpatarAya mahetA 134. ejana 21 135. ejana 156 136, ejana 159 137. "vasaMta' kArtika saM. 1988 AnaMdazaMkara bApubhAI dhruva 138. "darzanikA" kavi aradezara pharAmajI khabaradAra. 213 139. 'darzanikA" kavi aradezara pharAmajI khabaradAra 7 140. ejana 141, ejana 142. ejana 143. ejana 104 144. ejana 320 145. "rASTrikA aradezara pharamAjI khabaradAra 146. "sumanagacchA kivi dolatarAma kRpAzaMkara paMDyA 147. "caMdra' khaMDa. 1 saMpA. jaTila . 148. "smaraNasaMhitA' narasiMharAva diveTiyA 149. "kalApIno viraha' kavi tribhuvana premazaMkara 150. "kurukSetra kivi nhAnAlAla 151. "harisaMhitA kivi nhAnAlAla 149 15ra. "stavanamaMjarI" dipakabA desAI 80 153. "gAMdhIbApuno pavADo aradezara pharAmajI khabaradAra 136 154. "indrajItavadha" kavi dolatarAma kRpAzaMkara paMDyA 144 155. ejana 144 156. ejana 146 157. pRthurAjarAsaMasuri M.S. bhImarAva diveTiyA n Aaradhak Trust 99 77

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13 146 arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 172 158. "smaraNasaMhitA" narasiMharAva diveTiyA 159e. "smaraNasaMhitA' narasiMharAva diveTiyA 159ba.ejana 160. "ApaNAM khaMDakAvyo" saMpA. dhIrubhAI ThAkara, cimanabhAI trivedI, caMdrazaMkara bhaTTa 161. ejana 162. "bhaNakAra' balavaMtarAya ka. ThAkora 160 163. "kalApIno kekArava' kavi kalApI 358 164. "kallolinI kavi boTAdakara 165. "arvAcIna kavitA' suMdaram 231 166. dvArikApralaya' kavi nhAnAlAla 103 167. "mArI majeha tathA bIjI kavitAo jamazedajI nazaravAnajI pItIta 320 168. "nRsiMhavANIvilAsa" zrI manRsiMhAcArya - 60 169. "kAvyapaMditA' DaoN. gItA parIkha 37 170. "danikA aradezara pharAmajI khabaradAra 171. ejana 172. "kalyANikA aradezara pharAmajI khabaradAra 130 173. "snehamudrA govardhanarAma mA. tripAThI 31 saMpA. anaMtarAya rAvaLa 174. "indrajItavadha' dolatarAma kRpAzaMkara paMDyA 146 175. ejana 176. "ApaNAM khaMDakAvyo saMpA. dhIrubhAI ThAkara, 18 cimanabhAI trivedI, caMdrazaMkara bhaTTa 177. "gujarAtI sAhityano itihAsa graMtha-3 gujarAtI sAhitya pariSada, amadAvAda 178. ejana 517 179. killolinI kavi boTAdakara 180. ejana 181. "keTalAMka kAvyo' bhAga-3 kavi nhAnAlAla * 95 182. citradarzano prakAzaka, zrImatI jayAbena manohara kavi 60 183. "gajendra mauktiko gajendrAya buca 184. "indrajItavadha' dolatarAma kRpAzaMkara paMDyA 185. ejana 186. ejana 135 187. "kurukSetra kavi nhAnAlAla para 188. kurukSetra' AThamo kAMDa kavi nhAnAlAla 36 189. ejana 43 190. "bhAratano TaMkAra" aradezara pharAmajI khabaradAra 57 191. "kAvyavilAsa" bhAIzaMkara kuberajI zukala 121 192. "stavanamaMjarI sau. dIpakabA desAI 193. "kAvyapaMditA" DaoN. gItA parIkha, 194. rASTrikA' aradezara pharAmajI khabaradAra 15. 'gAMdhIbApu" aradezara pharAmajI khabaradAra 11 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust 517 82 134 jaV

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 173 pa. gAMdhIyugamAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa bhUmikA * "chellAM so varSano ApaNI kavitAno itihAsa tapAsIzuM to jaNAze ke narmadadalapate arvAcIna kavitAne janma Apyo. kAnta tene viziSTa kalAsvarUpa bakyuM. nhAnAlAle tenA rUpaguNa khIlavIne tenuM madhura suhu, vyaktittva ghaDI ApyuM. baLavaMtarAye tenuM kAThuM majabUta ane snAyubaddha karyuM. gAMdhIjInI asarathI tenI daSTino kSitijavistAra thayo. suMdaram-umAzaMkare traNe purogAmIonA saMskAranuM saMyukta siMcana karIne tene samAjAbhimukha banAvI, praphlAda-rAjendrAdie tene saudaryalakSI jhoka Apyo ane te pachInA sureza jozI Adi navInatara kavioe tene ativAstavalakSI, astitvavAdI chApa ApI." ' AnaMdazaMkara dhruve paNa kaheluM "A navo yuga besatAMnI sAthe janasamAjanI vRttiomAM uchALo Avaze. ....emAM vizuddhi, suMdaratA ane uccatAnAM tattvo pravezAvavAnuM kartavya sAhityane zira raheze." 2 e pachI eka dasake svAtaMtryayuddhanI havA jAmI. te arasAmAM umAzaMkara suMdaramUno udaya thayo. temaNe navA yuganuM abhijJAna karAvatAM ane kSaNika parivartana darzAvanArAM tattvone tema urdhvagamana preranArAM zAzvata tattvone kavitAmAM pragaTa karI batAvIne gAMdhIyuganI AIDenTiTI' sthApI ApI. "suMdaram umAzaMkaranA karatAM vaheluM lakhavAnuM zarU kareluM. sAkSarayugathI navA yugane judo pADI ApavAnuM itihAsaprApta kArya umAzaMkaranA vizvazAMti' kAvya banAvyuM. kAkAsAhebe kAvyanI prastAvanAmAM lakheluM "yugayuganI nibiDa parvatamALAone bhedIne Avato A maMgala zabda "tuM pApa sAthe nava pApI mArato) gAMdhIyuganA saMdezarUpe gujarAtI kavitAmAM sau prathama pragaTa thAya che." ? vakhata jatAM te zabda umAzaMkara temaja gAMdhIyuganI kavitAmAM vividha rIte vistarato rahyo che. A yuganA kavionI daSTi gAMdhIjInI asara nIce vistRta banI. gAmaDAmAMthI AvelA kavio gAMdhIvicArasaraNIthI AkarSAyA. nAnAmoTA tamAma viSayo viSe kavitA karavAnI temane gAMdhIjI taraphathI preraNA maLI. asuMdaramAM suMdaratA joI tenuM aMtargata rahasya pragaTa karavuM, gaMbhIra ciMtana tathA manuSya-cittano abhyAsa A yuganA kavionI kavitAnAM mukhya lakSaNo banyAM. gAMdhIjInA vyaktitva jamAnAnAM baLo ane sAhityanI pAra jaIne samagra dezanA jIvana ane sAhityamAM navo yuga pragaTAvyo. sAhityika pratiSThAno koI vyAmoha nahi rAkhanArA gAMdhIjIe gujarAtI sAhityamAM aneruM pradAna karI dezabharanA sAhitya ane jIvana para "yugapravartaka tarIkenI asara pADI. 1914nA julAImAM gAMdhIjIe kAyama mATe dakSiNa AphrikA choDyuM. guru gokhalenI zikhAmaNa mujaba dezamAM pharIne temaNe lokajIvanano abhyAsa karyo. 1918mAM paheluM vizvayuddha pUruM thayuM. 1919mAM jaliyAMvAlA bAgano hatyAkAMDa khelAyo. 1920mAM gAMdhIjIe rASTrIya zikSaNanA uddezathI gUjarAta vidyApIThanI sthApanA karI. 1920mAM temaNe koMgresanI netAgIrI lIdhI. asahakAranuM AMdolana zarU karyuM. "1947nA oNgasTanI paMdaramIe svarAjya-siddhi thaI. dezanA jIvanano e sukhadamAM sukhada banAva bhAgalAe P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 174 sarjelA komI hullaDone kAraNe duHkhadamAM duHkhada prasaMga banI rahyo." "1948nA jAnyuArInI trIsamI tArIkhe komI vairanA agnimAM premamUrti gAMdhIjInuM balidAna devAyuM." (kha) rAjakIya ane sAMskRtika jIvanamAM dharakhama pheraphAro thayA, temaja gAMdhIjInA adbhuta vyaktittva navayuganuM sarjana karyuM. teNe gujarAtI ja nahi, bhAratanI tamAma bhASAonA sAhityane preryuM che. "gAMdhIjInA vicAroe samagra dezanA jIvana para mUlagAmI asara karI hatI. dharma, artha, samAja, zikSaNa, rAjakAraNa ane sAhitya ema tamAma kSetre pravartAvela mUlyaparivartananI asara thaI hatI." jaba) gAMdhIjInA prabhAvathI paMDitayuge lAdelI sImAono lopa thayo. temaNe dalita, patita, grAmINa, zramajIvI ane aspRzya gaNAtA varganI ziSTa samAja tarIke pratiSThA karI. gAMdhIjInA A yugasaMdezano maMgaLa dhvani umAzaMkaranA "vizvazAMti' kAvyamAM jovA maLe che. sAhityasarjanamAM viSayanI sAthe saMvedanAno paNa vistAra vadhyo. "prajAjIvana temaja sAhityajagatamAM gAMdhIjInI asara vyApaka ane sUkSma prakAranI rahI che." 5 " gAMdhIyuga - mRtyu karuNasvarUpe 1938mAM "zeSanAM kAvyo' prasiddha thayAM. (1887-1955)ne zeSa vigata thatAM temanAM patnI hIrAbahena pAThake 1959mAM "vizeSakAvyo' prasiddha karyA. "jIvatAM ja arpaNa karavAM hatAM e kAvyo priyajananuM avasAna thatAM gata praNayapAtranI smRtirUpa saMvedanAno karuNagarbha udgAra banI rahe che. avasAnottara arpaNa banI rahe che." * patnInA mRtyu nimitte lakhAyeluM soneTa "chelluM darzana enA svastha karuNa mATe noMdhapAtra che. maraNanI ghaTanAmAM mAMgalya jonAra kavi patnInA mRtyunA karuNane AzvAsanamAM jhabakoLI sahya banAve che. dhamAla na karo' kahI potAnI jAtane svastha thavA teo sUcave che. ahIM tattvajJAnanI taTasthatAne badale saMyamathI vedanA vadhu karuNagarbha bane che. sadgata patnIne jIvanamAM pharI ekavAra pAchAM maLavAnI Arata vyakta karatAM "sakhine' kAvyamAM kavi mokaLe dile potAnI virahavyathA vyakta kare che. "gata jIvananI prIte sakhine AvavA nimaMtre che. jethI zeSa jIvana ullAsamAM vIte. to "sakhi jo' kAvyamAM gata sakhInI mRtimAMthI janmatI prasanna karuNa lAgaNInuM saMyama-pUrvaka chatAM tIvra Alekhana, sAgara ane kaumudInAM rUpakonuM Ayojana, kavinA kaumudIasta jIvananI smaraNabharatIne ja vyakta kare che. to vizALa ura narmadA sAthe kavi sakhInuM sAmya nihALe che. ("narmadAne Are') beya kAMThA bharI narmadAnI jema sakhI paNa beya kAMThA bharI preme vahetI. paNa e gaI te gaI ja. ahIMnI dazA zI, e pAchuM pharIne joyuM ya nahi. ne e pachI aphATa retImAM smaraNonA vIraDA gALavAnA mithyA prayAsa jevuM jIvana kavi mATe asahya bane che.' smaraNanuM duHkha paNa ahIM karUNa banIne vahe che. "ane chIpavavA tRSA, asala nItaryA pANIthI mathuM aphala vyAkula smaraNavIraDA gALavA" 0 to "AvI nizA'mAM prakRti, karuNa smaraNonI pIThikArUpe Ave che. bhUtakALanAM sukhada smaraNomAMthI kavi dilAso meLave che. khAlI thaI gayelA rasakoSamAM mAtra AvI nizAnAM smaraNa AtmAne kaMIka poSaNa Ape che. "udgAra'mAM paNa smRtinA vividha raMgono Alekha P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 175 che. jIvanamAM ekaluM lAgatAM sadgata patnInA sAnidhyanI tarasa jAge che. svapnamAMya sakhInA sAnnidhyanI tIvra jhaMkhanAnI uttama nakazI sAdI saraLa bhASAmAM gUMthI che. manamAM saddagatanI avanavI mUrti kaMDArAtI rahe che. avaza AtmA jUnA rasano tarasyo hovAthI rasa mAge che. to "mAjhamarAta' paNa smaraNonA taMtu upara virahaviSAdanuM jhINuM gIta saMbhaLAve che. potAnI jema sakhI paNa (svargamAM) mAjhama rAtanuM saudarya jotI haze, ema kalpI ubhayapathe rahelA viyoganA duHkhanuM bhAna tAjuM karAve che. "ociMtI Urmi" paNa skRtikAvya ja che. sUryAsta thatAM pUrvAkAzamAM dekhAtA pUnama caMdramAM nAyakane potAnI sakhInuM mukha dekhAya che. te pUrvaparicayane lIdhe cittamAM je saMkSobha jAge che te Akhare AMsu banIne khare che. A sthitine kavie aMtanI paMktiomAM dhvanyAtmaka rIte AlekhI che. jIvanapothInA A pAnAmAM khareluM smaraNa azrubiMdu nipajAve che. kavi potAnI sthitine pelA vRkSanA TUMThA jevI kalpa che. hoTha para AMgaLI mUkeluM priyAnuM mukha yAda Ave che, ne pAcho viSAda vyApe che. ociMtI vAyu UrmithI vAselI pothI UghaDe parNomAM gUDha DhaMkAyuM himabiMdu kharI paDe" 8 ahIM puTapAka jevo saMyamita sijhAyelo karuNa che. "parNamAM rahelA zleSano camatkAra ramaNIya che." - jhaveracaMda meghANI (1896-1947)nI kavitAmAM mRtyasaMdarbha mahudaaMze svAtaMtryasaMgrAmanA eTaleke vIratvanA saMdarbhamAM jovA maLe che. tethI karuNagarbha mRtyuno saMdarbha ocho hoya. zahAdata ane vIratvane vareluM mRtyu maMgala ja hoya. meghANInAM kAvyomAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa mAMgalyasUcaka rahyuM che. meghANIe nirUpeluM mRtyu eTale jANe anero utsava. meghANIe AtmalakSI kAvyo ochAM lakhyAM che. emAMnuM "bALuDAM suMdara karuNa hRdayasparzI kAvya che. 1933mAM boTAdamAM prathama patnInA agnisnAna pachI lagabhaga poNAtraNa varase muMbaImAM A kAvya racAyuM. kavi kahe che "badhuM ja khatama thaI gayuM hatuM." "bA nathI'no khyAla AvavA chatAM mahendra ane IMdirA mauna rahyAM hatAM. ne e "mauna' kavi pitAne asahya banyuM hatuM. samajavA chatAM cUpa rahenArAM e bALakone kavipitA chelle praNAma kare che. "AkharI saMdeza'mAM "dhI nyujha oNpha beTala' nAmanA aMgrejI beleDane AdhAre azubha samAcAra laI AvanAra raNadUtanA maunano saMdarbha viziSTa rIte gUMthAyo che. "kulavaMtInA kaMtha jIvatA che ke marelA'? e praznanA javAbamAM raNadUtanI sukAyelI jIbha, nIce jhUkelI AMkha sAthe bhAMgelo bhAlo jhulAvI triraMgI dhvaja pharakAvI saune haiyAphATa rudana karavA jaNAve che. dezakAje jeNe mRtyune parAjita karyuM che, evAonI vIragAthAno A saMdeza che. sAkSarayuga ane gAMdhIyuganA saMdhikALa jevA vAtAvaraNamAM sneharazminI mAphaka caMdravadane kAvya lekhanano AraMbha karelo." - (janma 6-4-1901, avasAna 4-5-1991). 1922/23mAM kavie bhrama' nAmanuM eka karuNaprazasti jevuM khaMDakAvya lakhyuM hatuM. je haju paNa agraMthastha che. kavinA ja akSaromAM prApta thayelA A kAvyane kavie sAMja, P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 176 madharAta ne paroDha' ema traNa vibhAgamAM vaheMceluM che. ilA gujarI jatAM yuvakane samagra vizvano rAsa thaMbhI gayelo lAge che. vizvanA paMca tattvane saMbodhI e bahenanA amolA dehanI bhALa mAge che. to "praNAma' kAvyamAM smaraNa AdaranuM sthAna le che. IlA vinA aMtaramAM timira patharAyuM che. ne smaraNa dajhADe che. "oLakha"mAM bahena hayAta hatI tyAranI vAta ullekhAI che. e kadI "mRtyu pAme to e vicAra aMte satya hakIkatamAM palaTAya che. kavinA haiyAmAM nigUDha mauna vyApe che. hADa toDIne bahenane baMdhole laI doDavA teo utsuka che. paNa bahena ja kyAM che? 1926mAM lakhAyeluM "yamala' ThAkora pachInI soneTamALA che. jemAM bhAIbahena saMsAranA raMge raMgAyA vinA devaloka pAmyAnI vAta che. bahenanI mAMdagI prasaMge bhAIno saMyama khUTI jatAM e AtmahatyA karI bese che. bhAIne sarvatra viSa vyApe che. lathaDAtA svare "bahena o.... bole che. DhaLI paDe che. cetanA thaMbhI jAya che. baMnenI jIvanataMtrInA sUra agamya saMgItamAM bhaLI jAya che. bhAIbahena sAthe mRtyu pAme che. kavi "IlA' zabdane ja bhavya smAraka tarIke oLakhAve che. IlA sAthenA sathavArAnI amUlya paLa dhUmasadhupa sAthe bhaLI gayAno nirdeza "vidAya' kAvyamAM kavie karyo che. "arpaNa" kAvya "priyavaMdAne uddezIne lakhAyuM. smaraNothI kavihRdaya bharAI Ave che. "priya' e nAma bolAya enI sAthe ja badhuM yAda Ave che. smaraNo vedanA Ape che. "nathI maravuM vadhu smaraNa je TharyA e rUThI dame hRdayane rUMdhe adhika Aja A arpatAM" duHkha thavA chatAM smaraNone kavi sadgata bahena priyaMvadAne caraNe dhare che. saLaMga pRthvI chaMdamAM lakhAyelA lAMbA kAvya "ratana'mAM smaraNonI dAhakatA karuNane janmAve che. kAvya jene arpaNa thayuM che, tenI hayAtI nathI. hRdayacaraNamAM zILI chAMyaDIno anubhava karAvatI sumati ne IlA, koI na hovAthI agnimAM ghI umerAtAM thatA bhaDakA jevI dAhakatA kAvyanAyaka anubhave che. nAyikA ratananA zarIramAM viSama motanA dUta samo kITa-cora enA zarIre vasyo' ....ne e jyotine anaMtane pradeza laI lIdhI. "mA" caMdravadananuM eka viziSTa prakAranuM kAvya che. ahIM bahenanuM sthAna "mA" e lIdhuM che. zaizavasmaraNa to ahIM paNa che. potAnI kAlI bhASA, cAMdApoLInI ramata vagerene teo yAda kare che. potAne naguNA gaNAvI mAtRRNane zI rIte vALI zakAze, enI ciMtA vyakta kare che. gAMdhIyuganA anya sarjakonI jema sneharazmie paNa svAtaMtryayajJanI RcArUpe kavitAnuM sarjana karyuM hatuM. (janma 1903 avasAna 6/1/1991) sneharazminI bIjI viziSTatA temanAM sudIrgha ciMtanakAvyo che. 1921mAM bahAra pADavA dhArelo saMgraha "adhya' kavinA mitra kAMtilAlanA Akasmika avasAnane kAraNe cheka 1935mAM bahAra paDe che. amarapathamAM', "svapna', "azraddhA', "dilAsA', darzana', "kabara', "chabI", "koNa', "zAzvata', "nIrava' ane 'prayANaghaDI A agiyAra kAvyo sneharazminA paramamitra kAMtilAla kApaDiyAnA avasAna AghAtamAMthI janmyAM che. mitramRtyunA tIvra AghAtamAMthI karuNagarbha Akroza janme che. nirdaya hRdayazUnya Izvara, sAme maLI jAya to enuM mAthuM pachADI pUchaze tArI sudhA tRpta thaI ke ? (`darzana') uSAnA raMge raMgAyelI hoDI zaNagArI sUrya UgatA nIkaLavAnA kolane tarachoDI cAlI gayelA mitranI kavi animeSa nayane rAha joyA ja kare che ('koNa?) sadUgata mitrane kavi "zAzvatI prabhA' tarIke oLakhAve che. kavine svapnamAM P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 177 rAkhI zUnya nabhamAM cAlI gayelA mitranA mRtyue kavine asvastha banAvI dIdhA che. nIrava' kAvyamAM zarUmAM nirAzA tathA azraddhA, paNa pachI divya zraddhAnI sitArI raNakI UThe che. ne chatAM sadA mATe mauna banI gayelA mitranA mRtyue kavine halabalAvI to nAkhyA ja che. to bhale jAomAM jyAM nizadina zokanA thara na caDe evA koI pradezamAM prayANa karanAra svajanane saharSa vidAya ApavAmAM AvI che. ahIM karuNa svastha rUpe pragaTe che. janArane rokI zakAya tema nathI. paraMtu pAchaLa rahenAra vyathita svajanonI rudhirajhara AMkhane bane to lUchavA jaNAve che. "paLajo sukhethImAM paNa mRtyupaMthe prayANa karanArane svasthatApUrvaka vidAya apAyAnI vAta che. azru sAravAthI paNa zuM? svajananAM azru, vinaMti kazuM ja janArane DagAvI zakatAM nathI.' | dIkarI sva. umAne arpaNa thayelo kAvyasaMgraha "sonerI cAMda rUperI sUraja' (1967) mRtyujanya karuNabhInAM smaraNonI abhivyakti che. jhAkaLa jevuM jIvI gayelI dIkarI umAnAM bhInAM smaraNonI kathA ahIM gUMthAI che. eka nirabhra rAtrimAM kyAMkathI AvI caDelI AcherI vAdaLI, eTale bIjuM koI nahi, kaviputrI "umA': velAo ane nAnAM suMdara phUlothI DhaMkAyelI vADa joI evuM ja DhaMkAyeluM kAvya svarUpa anAvRta thAya che. ne kavine maLI jAya che. "hAIku', dIkarI umA jatAM ekalA paDI gayelA kavinI manaHsthitino nirdeza pavana paDe bina halese hoDI ekalI tare'mAM jovA maLe che. vIsa varSanI nAnI vayamAM avasAna pAmI varSAnA jhApaTAnI jema premavarSA karI gayA pachI have "bhInAM smaraNo' ja rahyAM hovAnuM kavi kahe che. anephAITIsanA rogarUpe AvelA bhayAnaka vAvAjhoDAe umAnA caitanyano dIvaDo holAI gayo. ne kavicitte vedanAnI Aga saLagI UThI. mota sAme ghaNuM jhajhUmatI dIkarIne kavie vyathita haiye joyA karI che. bIjuM karI paNa zuM zakAya? dIkarIne vidAya ApavAnI hatI, aMtima vidAya. AMkhathI AMkha meLavavAnI hAma na ja hoya. nayano DhALI. udvigna haiye tAjuM phUla cUMTI mRtyudevane caraNe samarpI devuM paDayuM. DhaLele neNe, " ApI vidAya caMTI ! | phUla tAjuM te" 11 ghuvaDano avAja aniSTanI eMdhANI Ape ne aMdhakAra mRtyunuM pratIka. umAnA mRtyue kavino jIvanacaMdra paNa thIjAvI dIdho hato. umAnA mRtyubAda joradAra jhaMjhAvAta pachInI zAMtino kavi anubhava kare che. umAnA mRtyu-e zUnyatAnI kalAno kavine paricaya karAvyo. ekalA aTUlA banelA kavinI kAyA jANe vedanAnA paritApamAM kajaLyA kare che. UDI gayuM ko | paMkhI krUjatuM rava hajI ye nabhe pAra jIvanano saheja amatho sparza thayo, na thayo tyAM to mRtyu AvI pahoMce che. - "are, sparza to jarA jeTalo ane lajAmaNI A" 13 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 178 e nAjuka madhuratA mRtyu sparze aLapAI gaI. zvAnanA rudanasvara, svajanamRtyunI eMdhANI Ape ema manAya. je rAtrinI zAMti ja nahIM jIvananI zAMtineya DahoLI jAya. putrI umAnuM mRtyu kavinI UMghane harAma karI de che. pelA zvAne (mRtyudUta) badhuM vikherI nAkhyuM. 1974mAM "atItanI pAMkhamAMthI' neharazmi pragaTa kare che. kavine potAno jIvanaravi asta thato bhAse che. potAnA AvI rahelA mRtyuno saMketa "adhya kone ? mAM vyakta thayo che. "pAnakharamAM umA jatAM kavinA jIvanamAM vyApelI ekalatA vyakta thaI che. "vijana vAvapaNa kavinA khAlI jIvananuM pratIka che. umAnA avasAna pachI mAnavanI pAmaratAno, ne kALanA zAsana tathA varcasvano anubhava thaI cUkyo che. "zAnA A udhAmA ? mAM dIkarInA mRtyunA AghAtathI bhAMgI paDelA kavinA thAkaanubhavane vAcA apAI che. sAgara kinAre dUra dUra jatI dIkarInI pagalIo joI kavi ene thobhI javA kahe che. paNa e nathI thobhatI. mRtyu pAmanAra vyakti ane hayAta rahenAra baMne gamagInIno anubhava kare che. game teTalI samajaNanI vAto karIe ke tattvajJAna DahoLIe paNa mAnavamana, saMvedanA evAM che, ke janma ene harSa Ape, ne mRtyu vedanA. "lekhA" kAvyamAM kavi vyavahArU vAta laIne Ave che. mRtyu pAmanAra rogamukta thAya che. pAchaLa rahenAra vedanA anubhave che. 1984mAM kevaLavIja' prakAzita thAya che. sitAMzu yazazcaMdra lakhe che. "gujarAtImAM kharuM hAIku-svarUpa to AvyuM zokane zlokatva arpavAnA sneharazminA prayogomAMthI, hAIkunA svarUpanI zakti che ke mRtyu paranAM kAvyo paNa cIlAcAlu ciMtanathI kharaDAvAmAMthI bacI jAya che. rahe che kevaLa bhAvaspaMdana bharyuM kalpana." * eka tarapha maraNanI pharI pharI thatI vAta. bIjI tarapha kizorI yuvatInA dehamananA oratAomAM ne mohakatAmAM chalakAto jIvanano utsava. A be sneharazminA hAIkukAvyanA thIsIsa ne enTithisIsa" pakha kavine janmadivasamAM have Ama to koI rasa rahyo na hato. paNa jIvanapatha thoDo TUMkAyAnI pratIti thoDIka rAhata Ape. kavinuM jIvana umAnA mRtyu pachI sUkAM parNa jevuM, aMdhArI rAta jevuM verAna banyuM. ne rasto vijana, verAna, ne sUmasAma. 1984mAM pragaTa thayela "nijalIlA'ne zrI yazavaMta zukla nirmukta abhivyakti' tarIke oLakhAvI che. gharanA mobhe AvIne beThelA koka ajANI bhomanA paMkhImAM dIkarI ja navArUpe AvI caDyAnI pratIti, kavine thAya che. IndradhanunI jhAMyathI camakatAM tejala cIra eNe paherelAM dekhAya che. "kSitije tyAM laMbAvyo hAtha' saMgraha paNa 1984mAM pragaTa thAya che. dhIrubhAI parIkha noMdhe che e pramANe "emanAM mRdu aMgatorminAM kAvyo vadhu coTadAra banI AvyAM che. sadgata putrIe zizuvayamAM eka vRkSa para kotarela phUla joI je karuNamadhura saMvedana kavine jAgyuM. tenuM thaDa paranuM phUla" nAmanA subaddha soneTamAM asarakAraka nirUpaNa thayuM che." 15-ba (644 sakala kavitA.) . "e aparamA", "videha putrIne', "putrIne' jevAM kAvyomAM karaNanI kalAtmaka niSpattino AsvAda pAmI zakAya che. "eka ghavAyelI paMkhiNI'mAM Mercy killing' (karuNA prerita hatyA)nI karuNagherI Urmi paNa sacoTatAthI nirUpAI che." * A gadyakAvyo Poetic Prose' nA kuLanAM che. svajanamRtyuthI thatI svajanonI P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 179 ekalavAyI dazAno citAra "zIrthaDALe'mAM apAyo che. ekAkI parNazUnya thaDasamA kavicittanI verAnI ahIM pratibiMbita thaI che. TekarI paranA gharamAM madharAte ekAkI kavi TakorAno AbhAsa anubhave che. ('pagalAM') "vismRtinI khAMbhI'mAM priyajanonI vasamI yAdano ullekha thayo che. e yAdothI saMvedanAnI sapATI tataDI UThe che. kavi jANe have badhuM bhUlavA mathe che. sadgata dIkarI umAnA avasAna nimitte ahIM saLaMga apAyelAM pAMca kAvyo kavinI sahAnubhUtinA nItaryA nIrasamAM kAvya banI rahe che. sadgata dIkarInAM smaraNo kyAreka kavine vyathita banAve che. to "thaDa paranuM puSpa'mAM dIkarIe kaMDAreluM thaDa paranuM puSpa varaso vItatAM vikasIne, ati ramaNIya banyAno AnaMda paNa thayo che. paNa pachI tarata pAchA viSAdanA oLA patharAya che. e phUla jevIja vikasita umAne jovA jhaMkhatuM ura, caitaranA taDakAmAM DUbI gayelAM pagalAMne mRgajaLe, kavi nirarthaka zodhe che. to dIkarI potAne sAthe laI javA kema na thobhI? evo karuNa mITho Thapako "kyAM tuM? mAM apAyo che. ekalI gayelI dIkarInA pathamAM kAdava ke kaMTaka haze? e vicAre kavi haiyuM ciMtita bane che. dIkarInA pagalAnA thaDakAne zodhatA pitAnuM vyAkuLa hRdaya "tAre AvyamAM vyakta thayuM che. bhUtakALanAM smaraNomAM khovAI jatA kavi sadUgata dIkarIne saMbodhana karI bese che. ne pachI satyano - khyAla AvatAM vyathita bane che. "tArAM ramakaDAMmAM varSothI umAe sAcavI rAkhelAM ramakaDAmAM lIna banelI pautrI gopIne jotAM ja umAnA ja sAnidhyano jANe ke kavi anubhava kare che. mRta mAnI khoTa na sAle evI premALa aparamAno saMdarbha ApI "mRta strIne yAda karatA patinI karuNa chatAM madhura saMtuSTa anubhUtinI vAta "e apara mA'mAM rajU thaI che. to potAne ja mAravA tatpara banelA sainika sAthe potAnAM svajanone mRtyuno zoka na karavAno saMdeza mokalatI paMkhiNInI vAta "eka ghavAyelI paMkhiNI'mAM vyakta thaI che. pistola kamarabaMdhamAM khosI paMkhiNIne ati mRdutAthI upADI, enI AMkhomAM, mRtyumAM rahelI vedanAhara amRta saMjIvanIne e zodhe che. - umAzaMkaranA Agamanane dhIrubhAI ThAkara gujarAtI sAhityanI ja nahi, bhAratIya sAhityanI mahattvanI ghaTanA gaNe che. "gAMdhIyuga, anugAMdhIyuga ane svAtaMtryottarakALa daramyAna cAlelI temanI sarjana ane ciMtananI pravRttie jIvana, kalA ane kavitAnA aneka AyAmonuM darzana karAvyuM che. 1931 thI 1981 sudhImAM umAzaMkare dasa kAvyagraMtho ApyA che. 1981mAM e dasa graMthonA samuccayarUpe "samagra kavitA' graMtha emanA sItteramA janmadivase pragaTa thayo." 1 "sadUgata moTAbhAI"mAM ('nizItha' 1939) mRtyu karuNa saMvedanarUpe nirUpAyuM che. kavi kahe che. "sarvane eka kSaNamAM sadA mATe tyajIne janAranI mUMjhavaNo zI rIte samajIzuM? jIvitamAtranI prakRtirUpe "mRtyu hovAnA satyane svIkAranAra kavi vasaMtamAM parNa khare e vAta svIkArI zakatA nathI. paNa pachI tarata "mRtyu pAse lAcAra banI jatA teo mRtyunI apharatAne svIkArI azrunA mithyAtvane pramANe che. ne topaNa peluM "karuNa vAstava" tattvadarzanane to nathI ja jhIlI zakta. 1944mAM pragaTa thayela "prAcInA' saMgrahanAM moTAbhAganAM kAvyo yuddhajanya paristhitimAMthI janmelI yAtanAnAM che. mAtra "bharata kAvyamAM karuNa saMvedanA pitA dazarathanA mRtyu saMdarbhe rAmanI vyathArUpe vyakta thaI che. rAmavanavAsanA P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 180 samAcAre rAmane vanamAM maLavA jatA bharatane pitAnI svasthatA vize pUchatAM TapaTapa kharatAM bharatanAM azru tathA mAtAonAM zveta vastro joI hacamacI UThatA rAmanA haiyAne kavie supere vyakta karyuM che. "vatsala o pitA mATe nimitte tyajyo ja deha" " kahetA rAmano vilApa hRdayadrAvaka che. pUjAlAla dalavADIe (janma. 1901, avasAna 27 Dise. 1985) "isujanma mahotsavamAM e paramavibhUtine jaDa jagate pIvaDAvelA maraNa nimitte vyathA ane uga vyakta karyA che. to mRganA mRtyu aMgeno viSAda "mRga muMDaka joIne'mAM vyakta thayo che. mUrtimaMta mArdava para maraNanI charI pheravanAranuM hRdaya kema na dravyuM? e prazna kavicitte UThe che. "mArA sadgata pitAjIne zraddhAMjali (pArijAta) pUjAlAlanuM eka suMdara tarpaNakAvya che. pitAzrInA avasAna sAthe vahAlano gAjato TukaDo zamI gayAnI vedanA vyakta thaI "agninA ojamAM AkhA e have ogaLI gayA" 9 pitA jatAM kavinuM kuTuMba upavana ujjaDa bane che. A "thIjelAM ogaLI AMsu, TUMDhe premalanAM pado" 20 kavi ba. ka. ThA. e pravezakamAM A kAvya viSe lakhyuM che "AkhI kRti evI to saMzliSTa che ke, kApakUpamAM avataraNo ApavAM na ja game. AkhI juo, ane jotAM jotAM eka, varSothI jANItA kAvyanI sAthe tulanA paNa ApoApa spharavAnI." - eja rIte pUjAlAlanuM "dAdA' kAvya paNa eka anokhuM tarpaNakAvya che. vipula vaDa jevA dAdAnI smRtione mana bharIne ahIM vAcA apAI che. bALakonAM duHkhAzrune AnaMdamAM palaTAvI detA dAdAjInuM suMdara citra kavie ApyuM che. - "hatheLImAM laI amAruM mukha azrubhIMjayuM - dravI svayaM gadgad kaMTha cUmatA" 2 dAdAnA ekeka smaraNe kavihRdaya drave che. gaLyo kALAdhinA kAraNe jaLamahIM mahADuMgara gaLyo" 23 nAnIbahena' vizenA kAvyamAM pUjAlAlano bhaginIbhAva AdratApUrvaka vyakta thayo che. ('sopAnikA' to "ciraMjIva smRtimAM paNa sadUgata bahenanA jUInA puSpa jevA madhura smitabharyA sukomaLa vadanane na visarI zakavAnI vAta vyakta thaI che. "sukhe sidhAvo' paNa svajananI aMtimavidAyanuM kAvya che. janArane kavi subhAgI gaNe che. "jJAna" vidAya ApavA kahe, ne "ura' nA pADe. 1908mAM janmelA kavi ratubhAI desAIe jelamAM mAnA mRtyunA samAcAra sAMbhaLI "jananI nAmanI zokasaMhitA racI, je mitranA AgrahathI 1940nA navembaramAM pragaTa thaI. jene teo zokaparvanI "ujavaNI' tarIke oLakhAve che. kavi ahIM sAdI ane saMyamita vANImAM potAnI lAgaNI vyakta kare che. P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 181 "rudananI mukhathI haLu be kaDI sarI ane jala oTha pare vahyAM nava jIvuM ava kALa vadhu ahIM" 24 jananInA uccArone mUDha putra samajI zakyo nahato. mAtAnA dehanA bhasmarAzine laIne vahetI pUrNA nadIne kinAre UbhA rahI kavi smRtiomAM khovAI jAya che. "kayA nidhura yamadUta AvI cetana coryuM jIvanakeruM dhIme dhIme mRtyuveze"25 - kavi ratubhAI 1981mAM "sAsumAnI jhAlarI' nAmanuM eka aMgata zokaprazasti kAvya lakhe che. 1510/79nA roja sAsumA "jhINIbena dayALajI vazI'nuM avasAna thayeluM 15 1080 prathama nirvANadine kavi A racanA kare che. kavi sneharazmine AmAMnI pratyeka kRti AtmIyatAnA sparzathI dhabakatI lAgI hatI. sAsumAnA agnisaMskAranuM varNana kAvyamaya bhASAne lIdhe karuNamadhura bhAva janmAve che. "sAsumAnI arthI mUkI nIce, racI ceha sIMcyA kASTha, nene zrAvaNanA meha mUkyAM thoDAM caMdananA kATha karyA dhRta kerA lepa" 24 e kaMcanakAyAne citA para mUkI, zAMtipATha uccAryA ne pachI adhya ApyAM. "ane aMte are bhasma banyo deha thaI zAMta ne zItala vipula vipula jalarAzi thakI ceha" 27 1986mAM ratubhAI yAtrApathano AlApa' kAvya pustaka pragaTa kare che. je samagrapaNe tattvajJAnanI kavitA banI rahe che. pariNAme emAM "karuNa' ne sthAna ja nathI. to "khaMDerano jhurApo' patnI mamatA desAInI prathama puNyatithie prakAzita thAya che. kavi patnIno janma 2271914 tathA avasAna 11ra/1989nA roja thayAM. "khaMDerano jhurApo'mAM patnInA mRtyuthI thayelA aMgata zokane sarvajanIna banAvavA prayatna karAyo che. khUba azru vahAvyAM bAda svastha baneluM kavicitta mRtyu viSenA niSedhAtmaka vicAro tyajI de che. kavinI jIvanapratimAne dehaprANe bAMdhI khabhe laI kSaNArdhamAM e mRtyudUta AMcakIne alopa thaI jAya che. tethI duHkha ane Akroza che. kavi mRtyune bhikSuka ja nahi, mahAbhikSuka kahe che. mRtyunuM dApu roja keTaluM cukavavuM ? 1937mAM amIdAsa kANakiyAno "dIpazikhA' nAmano kAvyasaMgraha bahAra paDe che. kyAM jananI zodhe ?' kAvyamAM mRta bALakane khoLAmAM laI ene kapALe bhAvabharyuM cuMbana karatI mAtAnuM hRdayasparzI citra kavie ApyuM che. "pRthvInA pAlavamAM poDhe aMge phUlanI cAdara oDhe hAsa hatuM ke tenA moDhe 1 kyAM jananI zodhe ?" 28 P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 182 e hAsya to have kevaLa smaraNazeSa rahyuM. "caMdrazaMkaranAM kAvyo' 194ramAM kAMtilAla paMDyAe saMpAdita karyA. kAvyalekhananA . AraMbhe mitranA mRtyu saMdarbhe kADhelA zokodgAra "nahotuM jANyuM mananI manamAM Ama re hA ! samAze" emane mATe paNa sAcA paDe che. jyAre caMdrazaMkara potAnAM sagata svajanone aMjali Ape che tyAre dilane bhInuM kare evI komaLatA AvI jAya che. mAtRzrInA maraNa nimitte lakhAyelA "jAtAM svajana' kAvyamAM temaja anya kAvyomAM paNa mAtRzokanI gaMbhIra chAyA jovA maLe che. kAvyatva karatAM lAgaNIno udraka ahIM vizeSa jovA maLe che. 1916nA oNgasTamAM janmASTamInI najIkanA divasomAM kavipatnI vasaMtabahenanuM avasAna thatAM "hA Akhare cAlI gaI" (7/3/1917) kAvya racAya che. kavinI moTI putrI, bahena madanalakSmI tA. 11/10j20 ne divase viSa laI jIvanano aMta ANe che. tyAre "dhelI e to tvane zuM sUjhayuM' ? kAvya racAya che. jemAM pitAe ApeluM jJAnakavaca niSphaLa gayAno raMja vyakta thayo che. to "camakI ane cAlI gaI'mAM patnInA mRtyusaMdarbhe jIvanamAM vyApelI azAMti ane vedanAnuM nirUpaNa che. parimala' (1942) nAmanA - saMgrahamAM - kavi - ramaNIkalAla - dalAle jANItA UrmikAvya The old familiar faces' - nA "gayAM gayAM' nAmanA bhAvAnuvAdamAM vRddha vyaktinI sAthe ramelAM paNa have vidAya pAmelA bAlasakhAonAM karuNamadhura smaraNone varNavyAM che. zeksapiyaranAM Remembrance' nAmanA kAvyanA bhAvAnuvAda yAdImAM mitranA hetanuM mIThuM smaraNa vAcAbaddha banyuM che. suMdarajI beTAInuM IndradhanuM kAvya emanA dasa mAsanA bALakanA avasAna nimitte lakhAyuM (1939mAM) putranA avasAnanI gherI asara prakRti tattvo para thayAnuM kavi nodhe che. stanyabharyA dUdhajharatA hoThavALA mukhanuM romAMcaka dezya kavi kemeya bhUlI zakatA nathI. - "vANIne sAMpaDyuM mauna, premane zoka sAMpaDyo - riddhi harSataNI khUTI, jAtAM, tuM ama bAluDo" 24 milanathI "sUkSmadarzana' sudhInAM kAvyo beTAInA mitra ravizaMkara davenA avasAnathI prerAyelAM mastInAM saMsmaraNone tathA vartamAnanA viSAdane gUMthyo che. "RNamukti'mAM kavi prazna kare che "e maitrIjharaNuM, e mastI tophAna, e nirdoSa kalahAsya badhuM zuM IndrajALa hatuM? 1959nA phebruArImAM pragaTa thayelI beTAInI kRti " sata caMdrazIlA ne manasukhalAla jhaverIe "amRtanI vADamayI mUrti' tarIke biradAvI che. 1958nI 21mI julAIe kavipatnInuM avasAna thayuM. "yama baMdhu gayA TUMkI kiMtu vA na vA vaLyA pAchA ane gherI haiye zI hoMzanI havA paraMtu chevaTe AvI ocaMtA laI UpaDyA 30 patnI avasAna pAmatAM beTAInI sthiti cAMdanInaSTa caMdra, naSTagaMdha gulAba, maMjarIbhraSTa P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 183 Amra, ne hataprabha sarovara jevI bane che. 1961mAM beTAI "tulasIdala' laIne Ave che. kUla aganamAM baLe' (12/5/58)mAM pratIkAtmaka rIte bhUtakALamAM mRtyu pAmelA bALakanI mRtine vaNI levAmAM AvI che. "are kAM phUla aganamAM baLe'? kahI viSama virodha dvArA vedanAnI parisImA kavie batAvI che. 1969mAM kavi beTAI vizeSAMjali' pragaTa kare che. kavinI lADalI pautrI vyaMjanA vize ahIM vadhu bhAvasabharatAthI lakhAyuM che. to patnI mRtyu to kavinI vedanAnI parAkASThA che. "zrAvaNI jharamara'mAM "sakhI hRdayamaMDanA'mAM patnI sAthenA dAMpatyasahavAsanAM bhUtakAlIna saMsmaraNo vAcAbaddha banyAM che. patnIe mRtyubAda svargamAM kadAca navuM jagata vasAvyuM haze, paNa ahIM to kavinI ekalatAno paritApa AkArAyo che. suMdarajI beTAInA kAvyasaMgraha "Indradhanu'nA "praNayamaMgala' vibhAganAM badhAM ja kAvyo smaraNAMjali kAvyo che. jananI jatAM premavAtsalyanI paramadora tUTI gayAnI vedanA "jananI kAvyamAM vyakta thaI che. jyotirmayI jananI mAM mAtRjayotinA sAkSAtkAre nayananI dhanyatAne vAcA ApavAmAM AvI che. sagata mAtAnuM bhAvadarzana vedanA nahi saMtoSa Ape che. "aMdhazraddhAnA zrAddha'mAM asta pAmato caMdra jANe puNyazALI pitRnA AtmAnA piMDanuM pratIka banI rahe che. godAvarInA gaMgAzA mAMgalyamaya pravAhamAM emane temaya mUrtinAM darzana thAya che. "vatsala vAghera' okhAmaMDaLanI vAghera jAtinA eka purUSanA avasAna smaraNa saMdarbhe bhAvAMjali arpatAM sadgatanA AtmAnAM premanIra vatsalabhAve zAzvatarUpe bhIMjavatA hovAnI anubhUti vyakta thaI che. potAnI doDha ja varSanI vaye mA mRtyu pAmavAne lIdhe mAnuM koI smaraNa ke chabI na hatAM. mAnI mArdava ghaDelI niSpApa urabhAvanAo kevI haze? e vicAre kavi nirAza thatA. paNa pachI tarata hRdayanI zraddhA kahetI, matyatvanAM baMdhana tUTaze tyAre anaMtasAgare bhaLelI mAnuM darzana jarUra thaze. 1908mAM janmelA tathA 13 jAnyuArI 1991nA roja avasAna pAmelA kavi suMdarame svAtaMtryotsAha tathA zahIdonI smaraNAMjaline temanAM kAvyomAM kendrasthAne mUkyAM che. jo ke uttarAvasthAmAM pachI teo gAMdhIdarzanamAMthI nIkaLI araviMda darzanamAM praveze che. "gaIkAle'mAM patnI vahelI avasAna pAmatAM jIvanano saghaLo sAra gumAvI beThelA kAvyanAyakanI vyathita manodazA vyakta karI che. dhanayugano sthitaprajJa'mAM ("vasudhA') amIrI, garIbI, jIvana-mRtyu, zoka badhAthI alipta rahenAra sthitaprajJa zopharanI dAruNa cittasthitinuM varNana hRdayasparzI che. nAnA kallolatA paMkhIsamA bALakanI aMtima prayANanI - gherI vyathAyukta vAta mRtyunI karuNatAne Alekhe che. svajana mRtyu kyAreka smaraNarUpe Ubhare che. "anudIkarI' kAvya dIkarInA avasAnane ghaNo samaya vItI gayA chatAM UbharatAM smaraNo sata dIkarInI mUrtine tAdraza kare che. - kRSNalAla zrIdharANI (1911-1960) gAMdhIjIe jagavela svAtaMtryanAdane kavitAnA pAtramAM jhIle che. "mArI bA' zrIdharANInuM lAgaNIsabhara bhAvadarzana karAvatuM kAvya che. uSAsaMdhyAne jotAM kavi smRtinA adhe caDe che. mATe teo "mAtRtvanI kavitA' kahI P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 184 biradAve che. bA gaI ja na hoya, evo anubhava paNa thAya che. - kavi karasanadAsa mANeka (1912-1980) 1935mAM "Alabela' pragaTa kare che. jenuM prathama kAvya "khAkhanAM poyaNAM' viziSTa tattvadarzananuM kAvya che. dAMpatyajIvanano bhUtakAlIna saMsmaraNo tathA patnI jatAM vyApelI verAnIne viSAdadherI kalame kavie vAcA , ApI che. patnInA dehavilayanuM varNana kAvyamaya che. varaNa, vAsa, kumAza mahiM sarI jayama gulAba vibhakta thaI chupe zazI gaLI nija cAMdanImAM maLe dravI, bhaLI, sakhi, tema avyaktamAM" 31 saguNa svarUpane amUrtamAM tyajI daI e anaMtavihAriNI sakhI agamyamAM adazya thaI gaI. sadgata patnIne uddezI teo kahe che. "jIvanamAM jagavI ghanavedanA ghaTatuM nA javuM, jIvanasAthinI" 32 karasanadAsa mANeka janArAne jAvA dejomAM mRtyu pAmatA svajanane javA devAnI vAta vyathita haiye kare che. hRdayane cUpacApa cIrAvA devAnuM. nayanamAM azru nahi lAvavAnAM, * vANIne dhrUjavA nahi devAnI, jarAya DhIlA nahi thavAnuM. prANapuSpanI pAMkhaDI chAnAmAnA ja chedAvA devAnI. kALaje kApA paDe toya nIravamAM ekalA jhurApo jIravI laI janArane kaThaNa haiye vidAya ApavAnI. 1914mAM janmelA kavi zrI premazaMkara bhaTTa 29/43 nA divase "dharitrI' saMgraha pragaTa kare che. eka navayuvAnanuM mRtyu thatAM AghAta pAmeluM hRdaya mRtyu pAmanAranAM svajanonI vedanAne vAcA Ape che. be kaMkaNo naMdavAtAM jenuM haiyuM ja naMdavAI gayuM che, e zI rIte vyathAne zamAvaze ? ekAda kSaNa indrarekhAmI pragaTI ne pachI lupta thaI gayelI, mRtyu pAmelI nAnakaDI dIkarIne uddezI "uparatA' kAvya lakhAyuM. kAvyanI koka komaLa kalpanAnI jema teo ene vyakta karavA cAhatA hatA. tyAM to e ja kSaNArdhamAM ghara temaja be ura (mAtapitAne) sUnAM karI gaI. "phalthane'mAM pitRbhakti tathA nadI pratyenI mamatA vyakta thaI che. pitAnA mRtyu samaye, pitAnuM moM paNa na joI zakyAno valopAta ahIM vyakta thayo che. pitAnA agni saMskAranAM vedhaka smaraNo sAthe saMkaLAyela hovAthI 'phaltha" nadI, kavi mATe "tIrthadhAma banI gaI hatI. devajI. rA. moDhAnI kavitAmAM ('zraddhA') jiMdagIne arthavatI ane mRtyune mUlyavaMtu karavAno utsAha che. priya svajananA maraNano bhAva hRdayasparzI rIte AlekhAyo che. pitAnA mRtyuno zoka potAnAM saMtAno thatAM, emaNe dAdA gumAvyAnI pratIti sAthe giNatara bane che. to "mArI mAtA AvI gaI yAda jevA sAdA saraLa vacanamAM mRta jananInA smaraNathI jAgRta thatI zokavRttino Achoghero raMga purAya che. benInA mRtyuno ghA to vaLI khUba ja asahya bane che. zokanI parAkASThA chatA "sadAya hasazuM ame, rasaze jiMdagI hAsyathI' evI pratijJAne bhUlatA nathI. "kevaDI khoTa' sadUgata pitAne uddezI lakhAyelI karuNaprazasti che. ghaNAM varSe pitAnuM mRti kAvya lakhavA beThela kavino smara P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 185 dIvo jarA paNa jhAMkho thayo nathI. ThelI dIdho samudra' bahenanA mRtyu AghAtane varNavatuM coTadAra muktaka che. ghA ukheLI pharIthI mujane ThelI dIdho samudra" 33 'tArikA" kAcI vaye mRtyu pAmelI bahenanI saMskRtine vAcA Ape che. "haju kSitije Uge na Uge ; sthira thAya AbhamAM, ne thAya tyAM tArikA aNaciMtavI kyAMka sarI ge ne nabhanI nihArikAne sUnI karI gaI" 34 smaraNone dUra karI zakAtAM nathI. smaraNanA DaMkha rahI rahIne pIDA Ape che. AyuSyanI vIzI vaTIne bIjImAM haju praveza mAtra karyo. te IrSALu bhAgye bahenane laI lIdhI. jenuM karuNagheruM nirUpaNa "sagatabahenane'mAM vyakta thayuM che. 1959mAM moDhA "Arata' kAvyasaMgraha Ape che. sadgata bhaginIne bahenanA mRtyunI smRtithI thayelA cittakSobhamAMthI racAyeluM sAmAnya kAvya che. jo ke enI abhivyakti kAryanI UMDI dhArAthI rasAdri banI che." "mRtyuno tAra trATakyo' zabdo vidhinA krUra paMjAne yathArtha rIte citrita kare che. "tRSA' kAvyasaMgrahamAM devajI moDhA mRtyujanyavirahapIDAnI kavitAo to Ape ja che. paNa kavitA dvArA svargavAsI patnInI virahAkula dazAne paNa sacoTa rIte Alekhe che. patnInA mRtyujanita vedanAmAMthI racAyelI kavitA-mAMno mRtyuloka ane svargalokane sAMdhato viraha, kavikalpanAnA baLe avAranavAra saMyoga' banI rahe che. priyatamAne bolAvavA chatAM e na AvatI hovAthI vyakta thato mITho roSa aMte karuNano ja paryAya banI rahe che. "kalahamAM sadUgata patnIne yAda karI strIonA rIsALa svabhAvanI noMdha letA kavi priyatamAnA draga-jala ane roSa chaNakAne lIdhe jIvatara madhura banyAnuM kabUle che. janetA, bhaginI, dAdImA, putrI.... saune agnimukhano koLiyo thatAM joyAM, ne e ochuM hoya tema ociMtI patnI paNa mRtyumukhe homAI. ne vadhu eka bhaDako" sadgata patnIne caMdana kASThanuM dahana na ApI zakyAno vasavaso kavine haMmeza rahyo. ('ekalo) patnInA avasAne vyathita banelA kavi Atmadarzana kare che. patnIne kAMTo vAgato, toya kakaLI UThatuM kavi hRdaya vahAlIne jalatI citAmAM, prajaLatI zI rIte joI zakyuM? kavinI kalpanA tathA bhramaNAnI parAkASThA to tyAM che ke patnI ghera AvI patinI AMkho dabAvI "koNa huM? evo prazna kare che. ne sparzadhvani, maheka vagerene oLakhI le che. sadUgata patnI Ave che tyAre patine je AnaMdAnubhava thAya che, enuM kAvyamaya varNana AvI gayAM tame? mAM kavie karyuM che. alabatta A badhuM smaraNa kAruNya ja che. "ko kesUDAM sama khAkhare AvI gayAM tame koLyAnI jeNe ANa te AMboya mahoryo, eneya thaI zuM jANe ke AvI gayAM tame ?" 3 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 186 ekalatAnI karuNA kyAreka kavine saMsAranA vRkSa parathI kharI javAnI icchAya karAve che. 1982mAM "amRtA' saMgraha devajI moDhA Ape che. eka svajana mRtyu pAmatAM bAkI rahelAnI sthiti atyaMta dayanIya bane che. "tuM nava gemAM kavino eka judo ja vicAra pragaTa thAya che. patnI avasAna pAmI hoya tema kavinuM mana kabUlatuM nathI. paNa ekAeka kavinI AMkha samakSa smazAne cetelI ceTa dekhAya che. patnInI suMdara suMvALI kusumakAyAne agnine havAle pote ja to karelI. patnI sUkSmarUpe potAnI vadhu ne vadhu pAse, sAthe hovAnuM AzvAsana kavi meLave che. "smazAnethI vaLatAM" paNa svAnubhUtimAMthI TapakatI karaNAnuM kAvya che. lAkaDA ane chANAnI sAthe patnIne bALI nAkhI e viSAda kavi kemeya bhUlI zakatA nathI. khAlIpo' kAvya paNa patnI jatAM jIvanamAM vyApelA sUnakAranuM nirUpaNa kare che. "sadgatasutA' koI paNa pitAnA nircAja udgAranuM pratIka banI rahe che. azru bhale vahe, paNa sutAnI mRti Take evI abhilASA kavinI che. smaraNalopane kavi jIvanalopa kahe che. "cahuM' kAvya paNa saddagata putrInA saMdarbhamAM racAyuM. putrIne sIdhoja prazna karatA hoya tema kavi kahe che. ahIM evuM te zuM duHkha hatuM ke AvuM bharyuMbhAdarya dhara choDIne javuM paDyuM? paNa putrI hayAta nathI, e samajAtAM haiye DUmo bharAya che. ne AMkhathI azra jhare che. ekAeka cAlI jaI badhAne dajhADI, saune verAna karI gayelI putrInAM smaraNane 'Tahukaze" mAM pharI vAcA apAI che. "moragaLakyA'mAM goraMbhAyelo ghana, gAjavIja badhuM to che. paNa mAnI pAMkhamAM bhayabhIta banI bharAI jatI dIkarInI hayAtI na hovAno valopAta vyakta thayo che. "avasAna" kAvya paNa goLIthI koIe vIMdhI nAkhelA vihagazizunI vAta dvArA kavinI putrInA avasAnanuM ja sUcaka bane che. mitraputranA avasAna vakhate svAnubhavanI vedanAne kAraNe AzvAsana ApatAM kAvyanAyaka kahe che. "sagA hAthe citAmAM zizunI kAyA mUkyAnuM ghaNuM kaparuM che. samaya eno cahero bhUlavavA mathaze, smaraNa paNa.... ne chatAM putra sAthe jIvelI badhI kSaNone smaraNadvArA pharI jIvI levA teo anurodha kare che. snehasaritA'nA kavi jayendrarAya dUrakALe uttaravibhAgamAM mUkelI "snehasaritAne AnaMdazaMkarabhAIe "karuNaprazasti' tarIke oLakhAvI che. A kAvyasamuccayanuM nimitta kavinAM patnI saMyuktAnuM avasAna che. vi. saM. 1979nI vasaMtapaMcamIe patnInuM, e pahelAM sAteka varSe saM. 1972 lekhakanA nAnAbhAInuM ne saM. 1982 bhA. su. 1 ne roja putranuM avasAna thAya che. patnInuM avasAna thatAM nirmaLa snehasaritA, je ekane paritoSa ApatI hatI te samagra vizvane paritoSe evI vyApaka snehabhAvanAno ullekha thayo che. kyAreya vaMcanA na karanAra patnI ekAeka Ama chetarIne svarge kema cAlI gaI e samajAtuM nathI. ahIM bhAvo khUba sAmAnyatAmAM sarI paDyA che. vasaMtapaMcamIne divase patnI avasAna pAmatAM potAnI jIvanavasaMta vilAyAno kavine anubhava thAya che. ("saMbhAraNAM') "huM jAuM to mahArI kavitA lakho ke? evuM majAkamAM pUchanAra patnI sAce ja cAlI jatAM kavi haiyuM bahAvaruM bane che. sadUgata patnInAM svapno adazya patnIne jANe dazyamaya banAvI de che. videhI patnIe kavine IzvaranA mahimAnuM darzana karAvyuM. "rUDhasaMskAramAM patnI sAthenA - bhUtakALanAM sahavAsasmaraNone vAcA apAI che. bhAvanAonI e saurabha, tathA mAdhuryanI aSADhahelIo bhulAtI nathI. to bIjI bAju vartamAnano vicAra karatAM zokAgnimAMthI P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 187 saratAM azra pragaTe che, pAchA zame che. pAchAM sare che. "khaMDa-2'nAM "adhya', "zrAddha' ane zraddhAMjalinAM kAvyo paNa saddagata patnIne ja arpaNa thayAM che. "janmatithi' paNa parokSa rIte sadgata patnIne aMjali ApatuM kAvya che. janAra jAya pachI hayAta rahenAranI vyathA akathya hoya che. potAnA hRdayano valopAta mRta patnIne zI rIte dekhADI zakavAno e prazna saMdezAmAM vyakta thayo che. to ahIM rahelAM svajanonAM unDAM jhAMkhamAM AMsu rakhe patnIne devadarzanamAM bAdhArUpa bane enI ciMtA "paralokanAM prayANa'mAM vyakta thaI che. devapUjA karavA besatI vakhate paNa saddagatanAM smaraNo jAgI UThatAM viSAdajanya athu ubharAtAM samAdhimAM ekarUpa banatAM, e azru prabhu mATeno prasAda banI rahe che. haju A badhAM du:kha ochAM hoya tema putranuM avasAna thAya che. je prathama zokane vadhu ghero banAve che. sadgata putranI saumya ane ramya mUrtine teo yAda kare che. dezaLajI paramAre (janma 13/1/1884/avasAna-1966) 1911mAM patnInuM avasAna thatAM sadgatAnI smRtimAM "maNimaMdira' nAmano pacAsa rAsano eka saMgraha taiyAra karyo. "A satAmAM kAvyanAyakane smaraNasaMge mUkI vipralaMbha karuNane sarjI cAlI gayAno viSAda vyakta thayo che. "snehane mRtyu nathI hotAM evI zraddhAya kyAreka DagI jAya che. patnI cAlI jatAM prItanI amara kSaNa lupta thayAnuM anubhavAya che. ('aSADhasya prathama divase') "svapnamUrti' paNa sadUgata patnIne ja anulakSIne lakhAyuM. ekAeka koI rajatavaraNI vistaratI devadUtI pAMkho maghuti prakAzatI anubhavAya che. paNa e svapnabhomamAMthI jAgrata thatAM ja vAstavanuM bhAna thAya che. "sahacarIne'mAM paNa sadgata patnInAM smaraNonI dAhakatAnA anubhavanI kavi vAta kare che. mAtAnA avasAne vyApelI hatAzAnI vAta kavi kAliMdImAM kare che. 1922mAM bALaputra pravINanA avasAna nimitte lakhAyelA "saptarSine Are' kAvyamAM vasuMdharAne Apelo e bALa jANe mUDha banelA pitRhRdayane "bApu" kahI jagADato hoya evI anubhUti emane thAya che. puSpasamAM bALakanA mRtyu pachI pitRhRdaya sUnuM banyuM che. mUgAM banelAM phUla jANe kavithI risAI gayAnuM teo kahe che. lADe ramADuM bALa mITa bharo mIThaDI nIMdarane ghena, kema jhaDapAI gayAM phUla mArAM risAI gayAM."36 kavitAmAM jyAM jayAM svAnubhUtinI saccAI AvI che. tyAM e vizeSa asarakAraka banI che. ramaNalAla vasaMtalAla desAI (182/1954) 1935 DisembaramAM nihArikA kAvyasaMgraha Ape che. "vidhavA' kAvyamAM svajana mRtyue udvigna banelI strInI manovyathA pragaTa thaI che. potAnA hRdayane udezIne e kahe che have tane dhaDakavuM zuM game?" vidhavAnAM azrunuM kavi ahIM suMdara varNana kare che. "AkAze nathI vAdaLI nava hajI vItI gaI rAtri vAta . kyAMthI A samaye tuSAra P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. sarIkhAM bhInAM khare mauktiko" 30 un Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 188 nAyikA AMsune pAchA vaLavA kahe che, kAraNa AMsune lUchanAro to sadA mATe cAlyo gayo maganalAla bhUdharabhAI paTela 'patIla'nA kAvyasaMgraha "prabhAtanarmadA" (31/1240)mAM varjhavarthanI bhUsI gre'nA "guma thayelI gulAba'nA anuvAda-kAvyamAM zarUmAM kavi smazAna varNana kare che. kAdavamAM khUMpI gayelI gulAba aMte eka kalpanArUpe, smaraNarUpe ja rahI hovAnuM kavi kahe che. "dariyA para nAva DolatI' kAvyamAM mRtyu pAmanAra svajananA bAkI rahelA svajananA AghAtanI parAkASThA evI karuNa rIte vyakta thaI che ke, teo mRtyune nahi, paNa mRtyu pAmanAra svajanone "nRzaMsa' kahI bese che. kavi maganalAla bhUdharabhAI paTela (patIla) pitrAI bhAI vRjalAlanA avasAna becena banatAM 'viSAda' nAmanuM kAvya Ape che. mitra samA bhAInA mRtyunI vedanA magajane khAlI banAvI viSAdaja anubhava -karAve che. "svajanaviraha' kAvya sadgata svajanonA viyogane kAraNe sohAmaNuM svavAra sarakI gayAnI anubhUtine tIvra rUpe rajU kare che. kavi kahe che "dIThA kadIya AvatA, kabaramAMthI patro tame ? to mitrAvasAne mRtyuvat vedanAno anubhava "dITho meM dostane mArAmAM rajU thayo che. jIvatAM jIvata jANe kaphana ane janAjAno anubhava thayo che. kavi zaMkaralAla paMDyA "maNikAnta-kAvyamALA' (1928 I. sa.) pragaTa kare che. je emanA hRdayanA khaLabhaLATamAMthI UbhI thaI che. nirbhAgI nirmaLA yAne eka yuvakanI karuNAjanaka premakathA emanA jamAnAnuM ati lokapriya thayeluM kathAkAvya che. nirmaLA ane zazikAntano praNaya karuNamAM pariName che. nirmaLAnI navI mAnI caDavIthI enA lagna bIje goThavAtAM e AtmahatyA karavAno saMkalpa kare che ne potAnA lagnanI kaMkotarI zazikAntane mokale che. jemAM pote mRtyu sAthe paraNavAnI hovAno saMketa Ape che. zazikAnta paNa be vakhata deha tyajavA prayAsa kare che. aMte eka vakhata nadI kinAre bhekhaDa parathI nadImAM paDe che. vidyutanA camakArathI caLakATa jaLamAM thaI rahyo he nirmaLA ! evuM vadI zazikAnta jaLavAsI thayo" 8 ne gAmamAM enI paththaranI samAdhi gAmaloko caNAve che. kavi nalina maNizaMkara bhaTTa 1932mAM "nalinIparAga' nAmano kAvyasaMgraha pragaTa kare che. vIjaLInI jema thoDuMka alapajhalapa jhabakI thoDuM jIvI vismRtimAM dharabAI gayelI priyAnI zodha karato nAyaka mRtyune uddezI kahe che. kyAM chupAvyAM maraNa vada ne asthizeSo priyAnA" ? 36 mRtyu para priyAnA asthizeSa chupAvyAno Aropa karAyo che. "kyAM gaI tuM ekalI'? mAM paNa priyatamane choDIne cAlI gayelI mRtyu pAmelI priyatamAno ullekha che. 'vilApa'mAM priyA cAlI javA chatAM enI jIvaMta pratikRti badhe jovA maLatI hovAno saMtoSa vyakta thayo che. priyAnA mRtyue hRdayamarma tUTyA hovA chatAM jIvana karatAM mRtyune vizeSa premasabhara P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 189 gaNAvAyuM che. priyatamAnI aMtimaveLAnI premaLa najara kAvyanAyaka bhUlI zakato nathI. ('chellI paLo') "prAtaHkAla taNA paraMtu samaye netro bIDAI gayAM" * mRtyujanya viSAdanI vAta karatAM kAvyanAyaka gItAjJAna duHkhasamaye nirarthaka hovAnuM kahe che. ("maraNa') "zravaNavadharmamAM zravaNanI prasiddha kathA varNavAmAM AvI che. zarUmAM bhAvi ghaTanAnI eMdhANIrUpa mRtyujanya karuNa zAMtinuM varNana che. bhUlamAM rAjA dazaratha vaDe zravaNa marAtAM, dazarathano valopAta hRdayabhedI banyo che. samagra prakRtimAM enA mRtyunI karuNatA chavAI hovAnuM kavi varNave che. zravaNanA mAtApitA paNa putraviyoga na sahevAtAM pANI vihoNAM mAchalAMnI jema prANa tyaje che. rAjAne potAnI jema putraviyoge jhUrIne maravAno abhizApa Ape che. rAjA traNeyanI citA racI agnisaMskAra karI tarpaNAMjali arpe che. goviMda ha. paTela 1937mAM "sAvitrI'nI kathAne AdhAre "tapovana' nAmanuM kAvya pragaTa thAya che. A kAvyano AtmA ja "karuNarasa che. TUMka samayamAM yama padhArI satyavAnanA liMgadehane pAzabadhdha karI prayANa kare che. tyAM karuNarasanI parAkASThA jaNAya che. nayanajaLa vahe ? nA rakta haiyAtaNuM tyAM jaLamaya thaI jatuM, dharmapaMthe paLAtAM" 41 | mukuMdarAya paTTaNI sAthe prabodha pArAzarye lakhelI kavitAo "arcana' saMgrahamAM graMthastha thaI che. (1938mAM) patnInA avasAna nimitte lakhAyelA "gatAne' kAvyamAM teo sukhanI zamI gayelI dhamAlanuM, gharanI jIrNatAnuM, hRdayanA prANaspaMdanonA sthaMbhananuM Ardike varNana karavA chatAM, patnI sahavAsanI smRtine zAzvata gaNAve che. sagata svajana AvyAno AbhAsa kAvyanAyakanI vyAkuLatAnI parAkASThA che. "kyAM javuM' ? mAMno mRtyu pAmanAra svajano kyAM javA mAge che ? prazna mAnava mAtrano sanAtana prazna che. to janAraneya svajanonAM AMsu ane gharanAM dvAra roke che. eneya kyAM javuM hoya che? chatAM javuM paDavAnuM. prabodharAya bhaTTano "aMtarIkSa' kAvyasaMgraha 196ramAM pragaTa thAya che. phUlane akALe macaDI na nAkhavA kavijagata mALIne prArthe che. pArijAta haju parIonA pradezamAM UMdhe che. jUI camelInI kaLIo haju to mAnI soDamAM zaizavanI madhura nidrA mANe che. kareNanA phUlaguccha haju to choDamAMthI pAMgarI rahyA che. pavanamAM enuM pAraNuM jhUlI rahyuM che. tyAM enA pAraNethI ene na vachoDavA kahe che. prabodharAya bhaTTe "sagata pitAne' (aMtarIkSa)mAM pitAnA aMtima darzana na karI zakanAra putrano valopAta vyakta karyo che. pharatA vIMTaLAyelA svajanasahitano, caMdanacarcita, phUlevIMTyo deha jovA na maLyAno kavine raMja che. "pitAnI chabI' kAvyamAM paNa 15 kAra (pitAnA mitra) chabI levA AvatAM, sukumAra saMvedanazIla chabI mAne maLatI na hovAnI vedanA vyakta thaI che. bAnA aMtaramAM rahelI pitAnI chabI phoTogrAphara zI rIte upasAvI zake? be paMktinA kiraNatA' kAvyamAM varSAnA akALa mRtyuno saMdarbha vaNAyo che. jagatane ThAravA janmeluM amRta sRSTinA tApathI pote ja Ama saLagI gayAnI vyathA vyakta thaI che. kavi goviMda svAmI (64/1921 janma 5/3/1944 avasAna)nI kalAtmakatA ane vedanazIlatAne suMdarame biradAvI che. zAzvata AnaMdamAM nirvANanI temaja amRtanI prApti mATe kavinuM mathana cAlu ja hatuM. suMdarama kahe che tema sAce ja A kavine emanuM P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 190 icchita evuM madhura maraNa maLyuM. priyajana jatAM badhuM ujjaDa banI gayAnI anubhUtine priya jatAM' kAvyamAM vAcA apAI che. zizira sAva jaLI javA chatAM koI anaMta jIvanarAhanI kAvyanAyaka satata Aza rAkhI beThA che. priyajana jatAM vilAI gayelA sukhanI vAta "tuM jatAM'mAM thaI che. anyonyanA sathavAre haiyAM tAjA khIlyA kamaLanI jema upavanamAM vAyulahere malakI UThatAM, ne pANInA eka helAre nAcI UThatAM.... acAnaka... re tyAM vacce samayanI kaTAre ure kApa mUkyo . haiyAkeruM aradha ja karI sAva re cheha dIdho" 42 gomatIne kinAre'mAM paNa priyajana jatAM karuNamadhura smaraNo AzvAsanarUpa banI rahyAnI vAta rajU karAI che. "mRti paNa smaraNalIlAnuM ja kAvya che. svajanajIvana ane svajanamRtyunI smaraNalIlA kAvyanAyakanI AMkhe taravare che. ramaNika arAlavALA 1941mAM "pratIkSA kAvyasaMgraha pragaTa kare che. kavie vatananI yAda sAthe sagata mAnI smRtine joDI dIdhI che. "vatanano kAMTo'mAM zaizava smaraNa sAthe saddagata mAnAM smaraNo saMkaLAyAM che. vAtrakakAMThe dekhItuM prakRti kAvya lAge. paNa enI ekaeka paMktie sadgata mAnI smRtinuM Alekhana che. - "sUtAM Aja tyAM bharI nayanamAM adhUrI UMgha AyuSyanI" 43 agnine kavi arAlavALA "adaya' kahe che. kAraNa enI mAne eNe bhasmIbhUta karI che. kavie haju eka paNa puSpa dharyuM nahatuM tyAM to "tyAM sumana zAM ja cUMTAI e anaMtayugathI UNI sukavavA gayAM chAbaDI calI vimala caMdirA" ja tApaNuM' kAvya paNa mAtRsmaraNa saMvedanAnuM kAvya che. bALakono vikAsa apUrNa rahyAnI kakaLatI AMtaraDI sAthe mA vidAya thaI.... mA vinA vahANuM to vAya che. paMkhI badhAM gAna gAya che. pavana laherAya che. prakRti enI e che. paNa kavi mATe e badhuM sUnuM che. e vedanA tArA vinA' kAvyamAM rajU thaI che. "mRtirakSAmAM paNa evI zItala chAMyaDI pAchI nahi maLavAno nirveda vyakta thayo che. have to smaraNo ja AzvAsana. kavi ramaNika arAlavALA svapnakhaMDera'mAM mitra zAMtilAla jainInI smRti zabdabaddha kare che. mitranA avasAnane kAraNe kavine have sUraja, caMdra ke saccidAnaMdamAM zraddhA rahI nathI. to "saLagatI smRti' paNa mitrane apAyelI smaraNAMjali che. mitra jatAM jIvana bhale thaMbhI na gayuM hoya paNa e pAyAmAMthI DagamagI to gayuM ja che. "vikhUTA mitrane'mAM paNa mitrane zraddhAMjali apAI che. jo ke bhUtakALanI maitrIgAthA yAda karI nayanane sahejapaNa bhInAM karavA teo icchatA nathI. to napAsa thayelA nAnAbhAIne AzvAsana ApatAM kavi mAne yAda kare che. mRtyu pAmIneya jIvI javAnI rIta jANe mA zIkhavI gaI hovAnuM kavi kahe che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 191 ramaNa vakIla 1940mAM 'citralekhA' kAvyasaMgraha Ape che. "mArgadarzana' kAvya sAta ja divasanA saMtAnanA avasAnane uddezI lakhyuM. snehabharI mAnuM dUdha paNa pIdhuM na hatuM. ne eNe adazyamAM gati karI. pitAnA AnaMdaaMjanane e mRtyue ekAeka bhUMsI nAMkhyuM. kezava ha. zeThano kAvyasaMgraha "padyaparAga' 8/5/46nA roja pragaTa thAya che. ArAmagAha' kAvyamAM teoe priyAviyoganuM subhaga darzana karAvyuM che. jIvananA cidAkAzamAM bIja UgI, camakI ne AthamI gaI. jayamanagaurI pAThakajI "tejachAyA' saMgrahamAM "sva. kamaLAzaMkara trivedIne nivApAMjali arpatAM kamaLAzaMkaranI guNaprazasti kare che. anaMtakALa vahI jaze toya e akSaravADInAM puSpo sukAvAnAM nathI ema teo kahe che. netre nIrabharI haLavI zabdamALa teo saddagata sadagurune arpe che. jayamanagaurI pAThakajIe "tejachAyA' nAmanA kAvyasaMgrahamAM "saMbhAruM' kAvyamAM sadgata priyatamanAM smaraNo vAgoLatI nAyikAnuM citra ApyuM che. athu jharavA chatAM e smaraNo ene madhura lAge che. to saMtAnanA mRtyunI vyathA "eka bALakanuM mRtyumAM zabdAMkti thaI che. bALakanI hayAtI samayanA smaraNane vAgoLatI kAvyanAyikA bALakanA mRtyune svIkArI zakatI nathI. aMte smaraNane ja AzvAsana rUpa gaNavAM paDe che. dIkarI kalpanAnA akALa avasAna pachI dasa varSe lakheluM "kalpanA' lInA maMgaladAsanuM eka noMdhapAtra sarjana che. gadyakAvyanI koTimAM mUkI zakAya evuM A lakhANa che. anubhUtinI saccAI ahIM hRdayasparzI banI che. mRtyu pAmelI bALAne uddezI kavayitrI prazna kare che. "rageraga zyAmala chAyA kyAM jAMbu khAIne hoTha kALA karyA? bALakInA bhUtakALanAM saMsmaraNo vadhu dajhADe che. savAre smazAne javAnI taiyArI karavAnI, mAnA dehamAM agnirUpa bIja saMcAyuM hatuM. te bIja te A bALaka.... Aje pitAe ja ene mAnA khoLAmAMthI laI kASThanI citA para melI dIdhuM.... temaNe ApeluM bIja temanAthI ja agnimAM pAchuM apAyuM. mRta bALakanA janma samayano bhUtakALa lekhikA yAda kare che. AvyAM tyAre amara thaIne raho' e hAlaraDuM Aja ghaDIkamAM adazya agocara thayuM. e enI phUlapAMdaDI zI AMgaLIono sparza e eno "mA....mamI" avAja, enI kALI kIkIno camakATa.... tenA rAtA gAla, e rUpa.... e tenA vALanI suvAsa, badhuM ja adazya thaI gayuM. pro. goviMdabhAI paTele 1960mAM pitAnA mRtyuthI prApta thayela viSAdamRti ane darzana "pitRvaMdanA' kAvyasaMgrahamAM vyakta karyA che. pitAno svargavAsa 20 sapTe. 1959ne mAtAnuM avasAna 14 sapTe. 1967. sau vaheluM moDuM jatuM e vAta samajavA jANavA chatAM, jyAre svajananuM mRtyu thAya tyAre haiye hAma rahetI nathI. vidhAtA sAmeno Akroza vadhe che, tattvanuM TUMpaNuM tyAre tuccha bhAse che. pitA jatAM kapALe hAtha mUkI bhAgya para, dukhArta banI raDatI kakaLatI, bahAvarI banI vizUnya ghara joI, hIbakAM bharatI mAnA zabdacitramAM sAdagInuM karuNagheruM saudarya jovA maLe che. pitAnA mRtyudina vasamo lAgyo hato. paNa pachI citta svastha thatAM mRtio dIptimaMta banI rahe che. kyAreka mamatvabharI smRti jANe pokArI pokArI kahe che "pitAzrI ahIM che, ahIM che, ahIM che." "mAtRvaMdanA'mAM 1967mAM mRtyu P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 192 pAmelI mAnI smRtio goviMdabhAIe zabdabaddha karI che. tulasI vilAI jatAM tulasInI kyArI plAna bane, ema mA jatAM ghara sUnuM banyAnuM kavi anubhave che. kavi mAne patAsA jevI mIThI zikSikA tarIke oLakhAve che. "mane nahi davAnuM vhAla hatI vhAlaponI davA" 41 mAnAM aMtima darzana karavA sadabhAgI na thayAnuM kavine ghaNuM duHkha hatuM. have tuM ja zarIra to kajaLI paMcabhUte bhaLyuM have nayana bIDI sUkSma thakI bhaLavAnuM rahyuM ja goviMdabhAI paTela nAnI bALakI manISAnA avasAnanA du:khane haLavA karavAnA mArga tarIke kAvyAbhivyaktine zreSTha gaNe che. 1969mAM "sata manISAne' lakhyuM. jo ke saMtAnamRtyunA duHkhane akSaradeha ApatI vakhate paNa kavipitAe bharapUra yAtanA anubhavatAM vacce kyAMka kalama mUkI dIdhI hatI. kavi kahe che "haMyAM rahyAM tAM dravI evI rItathI che ke jJAna sau palaLI jatuM tyahIM" 40 mRtyu pAmelI dIkarInI AMkhamAM kAjaLarekha AMjI, gAla para jhINuM TapakuM karyuM. ne kapALeya jhINI kALI biMdI karI pachI sukomaLa dehane puSpothI DhAMkI dIdho. "kUlo thakI tuM rahI maghamaghI ne - tuM zAM banyAM suMdara phUla saMgate" 48 rAtAM vastromAM viMTALI, jALavIne ene hAthamAM laI, kavi pitAe, enA para cuMbana varasAvI haiyAphATa rudana karyuM. phUla jevI bebIne upADatAM kavi parvata upADIne cAlatA hovAnuM anubhave che. "mAthuM karo uttaramAM, mUkI do" 49 paDozInA e vyavahAra-bolamAM kavine jANe lokakSayakRta pravRdhdhano aMtarane bhedI nAkhato Adeza saMbhaLAyo. chelle chelluM mukhadarzana karI vastrathI mukha DhAMkI, vedanAne aMtaramAM bhArI rAkhI anaMta pAraNe suvADatA hoya ema UMDANamAM dIkarIne mUkI dIdhI. enA para yaMtravata sugaMdhI dravyo, mIThAInA pIMDa, puSpo dravate AMsue mUkyAM. - "bebI mane tuM na kaThora mAnatI jANuM nahIM A badhuM zuM thatuM rahe 50 eka, be, traNa, ema dohyalI kSaNo vItatI cAlI, bhInI mATIe ene dabAvI. dATI toya jANe e pahelAnI jema ja hasI rahI. tyAM ghIno dIvo pragaTAvyo. ne e sAthe ja bebI paNa jANe nAnI jyoti svarUpa banI. nirmohI zI nijatvane prakAzI rahI, ghera AvyA pachI khAlI hAthamAM mAtra zokane jhulAvavAno rahyo. tArA vinAnA kara khAlI e have, jhulAvavAno ava tyAM zuM zokane" ciraMjIvI manISA sadUgata banI gaI. have agaNya smRtirUpe ja ene yAda karavAnI hatI. svajananA mRtyu samaye RNAnubaMdha sahu AvatuM jatuM S1 P.P. Ac. Gunratnastics Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 193 AtmA nazvara nathI, e jANavA chatAM kavi haiyuM raDI UThe che. durgeza zukla 1949mAM "jhaMkRti' nAmano kAvyasaMgraha pragaTa kare che. sva. pitAne bIlIpatra' kAvyamAM aMjali ApatAM kRtAMtanI karALa viSaphUMkane yAda kare che. citAnA taNakhAo thoDI kSaNe jhaLahaLI jAte ja pachI UDI gayA hatA. zokapUrNa smRti paNa karuNaramya mAdhurI sarje che. pitAnAM vacano kAne na dharyAno vasavasoya vyakta thayo che. adhika nehanI A dazA" kahI sadgata pitAnI teo kSamA mAge che. hasamukha maDhIvALA 1956mAM "AzleSa" nAmano kAvyasaMgraha Ape che. "ame royAM nAmanA kAvyamAM judA ja prakArano viSAda rajU thayo che. bahenanA mRtyu mATe asaMkhya kalezane yAda karI rahyA chatAM jIvananA kalezamAMthI bahena mukti pAmI eno saMtoSa teo kabUle che. kavi hasamukha maDhIvALA ("AzleSa') "bhAInuM mRtyu" kAvyamAM kAramAM kALane mRtyunA paryAya tarIke oLakhAve che. ne kALanA hAsyane "kALuM' kahe che. 1909mAM janmelA (1977mAM avasAna) kavi praphlAda pAThakano kharatA tArAne maraNottara saMgraha I. sa. 1980mAM pragaTa thAya che. paraMtu emanuM kAvyasarjana mahadaaMze gAMdhIyugamAM thayuM che. komaLa, madhura ane kavitvasabhara haiyuM dharAvatA A kavinI kavitAmAM ciMtana-manananI gAMdhI yuganI tAsIra jhilAI che. nijAnaMda mATe kAvyo lakhanAra A kavinAM kAvyo emanA avasAna pachI emanAM saMtAnoe prakAzita karyA. kavi potAnA astitvane "AMsuDe' kahe che. ne te paNa "mAtRcakhanuM AMsu', mRtyutaTe ubhelI mAne AMsumAM vivaza banI teo joI rahyA hatA. ("huM to chuM AMsuDuM) potAnA zaizavakALamAM ja mA mRtyu pAmI hatI. kavinuM ura azrusiMdhu vahAvI, khAlI thaI jaI raNa banI gayuM hatuM. kavi kahe che, "baLelAM bIjothI kadIya navaaMkura nIkaLe?" kavi praphlAda pAThake "ghasaghasATa UMghI jatAM'mAM nAnapaNamAM vAMcavA jagADatI mAnI smRtine tAjI karI che. mA gayA pachI to ApoApa nidrA UDI gaI hatI. mAtRviraha hRdayane satata bhIMsato hato. "tane saMbhAruM zuM ?' paNa kavi pAThake mAne ApelI aMjali che. mA jatAM badhuM kakaLI uThyuM hatuM. AMkhamAMthI AMsu nahi, jANe rUdhira jhamatuM. ' khUba nAnI uMmare avasAna pAmelA bhAIne aMjali ApatAM kavi mInu desAI bhAbhInA khaMDita thayelA saubhAgyasukhanI ciMtA kare che. "nirmaLAM locanamAM mitrapatnInA avasAna nimitte mitranI vyathita avasthAne rajU karAI che. smaraNo raheze e eka ja zraddhA rahI che. "prIta' nAmanA kAvyasaMgrahamAM kavi mInu desAI mAne karelA uddabodhanamAM vyakta thayelI pAradarzaka saraLatA ApaNA hRdayane sparzI jAya che. mATe teo "yugayuganI kavitA tarIke biradAve che. mA jatAM jagatane kSaNavAra hataaratha' (vasaMte) gaNanAra bhAIzrI gulAbadAsa brokare potAnA moTAbhAInA "vatsalavivekane varNavI apUrva RNabuddhi darzAvI che. "hataaraMtha dIse jagata kAM' ? mAne aMjali ApatuM kAvya che. badhuM enuM e, chatAM mA jatAM badhuM badalAI gayeluM lAge che. to "mRtimUcha mitrane aMjali ApatuM kAvya che. brokara e maitrI smaraNo yAda karatAM kahe che. "hetA vizvanA caLavikaLa tattvonI vacamAM, baMne mitrabhAve kevA UbhA hatA? bhUtakALanA divasonI dhanyatAne yAda karatAM pharIpharI kavi haiyuM smRtimUchamAM P.P.Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 194 DhaLe ne gaLe che. sva. bahena zrImatInI gadya ane padyakRtiono "abhilASa' nAmano maraNottara saMgraha 1945mAM pragaTa thayo hato. jemAM kavayitrIe sva. goviMdabhAIne (bhAI) aMjali ApatAM eka tAraka vyomatalamAM UgI ne AthamI gayAnuM kahyuM che. hIMcake hIMcatAM jANe bhAInA AgamananA paDaghA saMbhaLAya che. paNa e to kevaLa bhramaNA. "svapnavasaMta'nA kavi kusumAkare mAtAne aMjali ApatAM "mUka adhya' nAmanA kAvyamAM pote hRdayanA UrmibhAvone vANI vaDe soMghA karavAmAM na mAnatA hovAnuM kahe che. mAtra mIThA mauna prabhAve ja bhavobhavanuM RNa vyakta karavA mAge che. - kavi bAdarAyaNe elphinsTana kaoNlejanA adhyApaka prophesara kulakarNInI puNyasmRtinuM Alekhana "smaraNa' kAvyamAM karyuM che. amadAsa kANakiyAe ('dIpazikhA') "pitRcaraNe nAmanuM pitAne aMjali ApatuM kAvya racyuM che. zAMta arava rajanInA vahanamAM pitAnI punita smRti kavi hRdayamAM vyApe che. kavi caMdrazaMkare ("caMdrazaMkaranAM kAvyo') mAtuzrInA avasAna nimitte "jAtAM svajana' lakhyuM. jemAM mAtRzokanI gaMbhIra chAyA jovA maLe che. kavine svajananA mRtyu prasaMge jJAna ke tattvajJAnanI vAto jacatI nathI. to "cAlI jatAM hA priya paMDyAjI' kAvya maNizaMkara mULazaMkara paMDyAnA tA. 4/5/1920 ne divase thayelA avasAna nimitte racAyuM. ahIM paNa kevaLa sAmAnya bhAvodraka ja che. paMDyAjInA avasAnanA krUra satyane vIsaravAnuM kavi muzkela gaNAve che. naDiyAdavAsI pratibhAzALI navajuvAna patrakAra ThAkorabhAIne "ThAkorabhAI, Ama tuM kAM cAlyo gayo', kAvyamAM aMjali ApatAM kavi caMdrazaMkara kahe che "UMce vyomamAM UDavA mathanAra kavi potAnA ja chaMdamAM ghUmavA nIkaLI paDyA che." "vIra vADIlAlane vidAyavaMdana'mAM vADIlAlanA vIratabharyA mRtyune biradAvyuM che. jyAre "sadgata sAkSara zrI chaganalAla paMDyAne aMjali ApatAM emanI sajjanatA ane sAkSAtkAranA saMgrAmane biradAvyA che. mohanalAla bhaTTa (mohinIcaMdra) vyavahArU rUDhi anusAra mUkelI poka parathI pitAnA mRtyu samaye kavi mohinIcaMdra "poka' kAvya racyuM. pitAnA zabanA karNamAM gadgad kaMThe pharI poka mUkI tyAre, pitAe sthULa zarIrane choDI dIdhuM paNa jANe pitRhaiyAne pokano Atmamarma sparzI gayAnuM kavi kahe che. "bhasma' kAvyamAM mohinIcaMdra pitAnA guNone aMjali ApI che. pitAnI ekeka bhasmakaNamAM pitAnA AMtaracittane teo vAMce che. smRtitraya'mAM paNa pitAnA bhUtakALanAM smaraNone vAcA apAI che. pitAnuM zarIra bhale na hoya, paNa sUkSma zarIre teo amara hovAnI pratIti kare che. indulAla gAMdhInA uttarIya (1962) saMgrahamAM "koNa nathI ekAkImAM mRtyunI anivAryatAmAMthI janmatI karuNatA nirUpAI che. mRtyazayA paranA kAvyanAyakanAM duHkha paritApa vyakta thayAM che. priyatamAne mUkIne javAnuM na game paNa mRtyunI anivAryatAne koNa TALI zakyuM che? 1921mAM janmelA kavi hasita bUca pitAnA avasAna nimitte asthiphUla padharAvatAM rageragamAM pitAnI yAdanA guMjAravane anubhave che, ne chatAM satata niraMtara koIka teja emane preraNA ApatuM hoya evo anubhava thAya che. e vAta niraMtara' saMgrahanA pitAnA P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 195 phUla padharAvatAM' kAvyamAM teoe pragaTa karI che. (1973) pitAnI yAdano dIvo sthira jalato hovA chatAM zUnyatAnA aMdhakArane teo bhedI zakyA na hatA. "tame cho nA have, e ja satya bIjuM badhuM chala' e pratIti satata thayA karI che. jo ke pitAnI maitrInI maheka, pitAjIno hAtha khabhe mUkAyAnI anubhUti pitAnA mRtyubAda paNa teone karAve che. to saddagata mAne aMjali ApatAM kavi mAnA guNone saMbhAre che. aMtano zoka na hoya "mRtyu'ne raDavuM na ghaTe e samajavA chatAM, mA jatAM AMkhamAMnAM azru teo khALI zakatA na hatA. jazabhAI kA. paTela saM. 2006mAM pratyuSa' nAmano kAvyasaMgraha Ape che. "jatAM tuM kAvyamAM mitranA mRtyu saMdarbhe kavi zaizavanI prItane yAda kare che. dUra raheluM AkAza smazAna, ne zizusahaja bIke nIrakhelI citA teo bhUlI zakatA nathI. to "sadAnuM sijhAvuM'mAM patnInA avasAne zatadhA khaMDita baneluM hadaya vyakta thayuM che. ghaDImAM risAtI ne ghaDImAM hAsyanA Ubharo ThAlavatI priyAnI chellI ramata emane bhAre paDI jAya che. "raDI rahemAM paNa priyAnI saMjIvanIthI uchareluM hRdaya priyA jatAM raDI raDI pleyavihoNuM banI gayAnI vedanA vyakta thaI che. "pUjaya pitAzrI' kAvya kavinA pitAnA mRtyu prasaMge lakhAyeluM zraddhAMjali kAvya che. pitAnA deha para agni cAMpavAnuM duSkara hatuM. aSADhI megha jema teo sadA varasyA enA ja deha para Aga cAMpavAnI? pitAne aNamUla saMpatti mAnanAra kavi, pitAnA avasAne dhrUjI UThayA hatA. gAMdhIyuga , mRtyunuM svarUpa, vAstava, bhayAnakatA, mRtyu pAmelI vyakti, smazAnavarNana, citAvarNana, mRtyuciMtana 'vizeSakAvyo' kavi rA. vi. pAThakanA avasAna pachI emanAM dvitIya patnI hIrAbahena 1959mAM pragaTa kare che. "buddhanuM nirvANa'mAM buddhanA AyuSyanA aMtano prasaMga nirUpAyo che. jemAM zarIra-pUjAnA prapaMcamAM na paDavA jaNAvAyuM che. kAvyano aMta kalAtmaka che. anurupanI gaMbhIra cAlamAM cAlatuM A kAvya eka ucita upamAnA varNanathI sameTAya che. - "nirvAte gerave puSpo, nizIthe pArijAtakane tema azudhdha saMgheye, AMsuo AMkhathI gravyAM 53 "je vastu janma pAmI che, teno nAza thaze. ene aTakAvI na zakAya. sarva priya vastuothI ApaNo viyoga thavAno "A vAta pahelAM paNa buddha samajAvI hatI. aMtima veLAe hoTha para smita relAvatAM buddha tela khUTavAnI, pradIpa olAvavAnI paLano nirdeza kare che. nirvANa samIpa hovAnI vAta khUba svasthatAthI teo kare che." mAtA jema bALakane eka stanethI choDAvIne bIje stane laI jAya che tema prakRti mAtA mRtyumAM manuSyane eka jIvanamAMthI chUTo karI bIjA jIvanamAM laI jAya che." ravIndranAthanI ja A vicAradhArA sAthe kavi "kavivara ravIndrane' aMjali arpe che. "tukArAmanuM svargArohaNa'mAM spRhA ana vAsanA vinAnA saMta tukArAmanI suMdara chabI kavie dorI che. svarganA vilAsa ane masyalokanA karmabaMdhanathI chUTavA mAgatA tukArAma svarganI bhulabhulAmaNI ane matsya lokanA karmapAzathI trAsI gayA hatA. parathama paraNAma mArA' zeSanuM eka anokhuM kAvya che.. P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. n Gun Aaradhakrust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 196 potAnI aMtima vidAyanI paLe potAnI azeSa kRtajJatAnI lAgaNI bheTa dharIne sau upakArIo pratyeno potAno RNabhAra haLavo karavA guNAnukrame saune saMbhAratA jAya che. sau prathama mAtA pachI pitA, gura, mitro, zatrune praNAma pAThave che. cha sthAne adhikI yAda evI jIvanasAthIne yAda kare che. gAMdhIjIne praNAma pAThavI AkhA jagatane praNAma pAThave che. kavi jhaveracaMda meghANIe svAtaMtryasaMgrAmanA saMdarbhamAM vIratva ane khumArIbharyA mRtyune biradAvyA che. pariNAme "mRtyu' emane mATe bhavya maMgala ja rahyuM che. koIka ajANyA lADakAne uddezI ("zrImatI loko tenA' sama baDIjha DArlaMga parathI) racAyelA koIno lADakavAyo'mAM mRtyu cirazAMti rUpe varNavAyuM che. enI cirazAMtimAM khalela na paDe e mATe haLavekathI dhUpasaLI dharI, praNAma karI kAnamAM prabhupada uccaravA vinaMti karAI che. sUnA samaMdaranI pALe" dUra samudratIre raNasaMgrAma pUro thayA pachI eka namatI sAMje chellA zvAsa laI rahela yuvAne enA sAthIdArane ApelA chellA saMdezamAM maranAra yuvAne bApunI tega ToDale jhulAvI tyAM ghIno dIvo peTAvavA jaNAvyuM che. priya patnInA phUla zAM haiyAne cirAvAnuM Avaze, enI to khabara hatI, tethI dAMpatyasukhano TUMko itihAsa kahetAM eno kaMTha ruMdhAya che. mRtyune kavi ahIM 'visAmo' kahe che. divasabharanI ramatathI thAkelA bALakane mA soDamAM laI suvarAve e rIte mRtyu saMsArathAkelA mAnavane premapUrvaka potAne khoLe le che. mRtyunA kALA oDhaNAnI kora suMdara, zveta ne jhaLahaLatI hovAnuM meghANI kahe che. mRtyu samIpe jatAM saMsAra ApoApa chUTI jAya che. mRtyunI bhagavI kaMthA bhayabharI lAge che. paNa "mAhIM rame gorA gorAM rUpa' mRtyu maMgala ja nahi ramyasuMdara paNa che. ravIndranAtha ThAkuranA vidAya' kAvya parathI meghANIe "maratA bALakanuM AzvAsana' lakhyuM. jemAM mRtyu pAmyA pachI bALaka mAnA haiyA para gelavA, ne khelavA havAno hiloLo banIne lAMbI laTamAM havA banI purAI jaI enI sAthe ja rahevAnuM AzvAsana Ape che. cArapAMca cumI bharI e pachI cAlyo jaze. caMdanatalAvaDInAM nIramAM mAne e jAtI joze tyAre mojuM banI mAne aMgeaMga e laherAze. ne vIjaLIno jhabakAro thaI jALiyethI "hAuka' karI cAlyo jaze. bALaka mRtyune sAhajikatAthI svIkAre che. pote vaDIla banI mAne potAnA mRtyu mATe zoka na karavA samajAve che. kAraNa mRtyu pAmavA chatAM smaraNorUpe to e mAnI sanmukha rahevAno ja. zivAjInuM hAlaraDuM'mAM sIdho mRtyusaMdarbha nathI. paNa bhAvi motanI eMdhANI jarUra apAI che. "mRtyu praharI banyuM' meghANInI eka viziSTa kalpanA che. 1943mAM gAMdhIjIe kArAvAsamAM ekavIsa upavAsanuM vrata AdaryuM tyAre jIvanahartA mRtyue ja gAMdhIjInA rakSaNanI javAbadArI svIkArI. gAMdhIjI upavAsa karatAM mRtyu pAme to badanAmI to mRtyunI thAya. tethI motaneya gAMdhIjInI dazA joI AMsu Avata. motane to kALanA zAsana pramANe pharaja bajAvavAnI hoya che. e kaMI svecchAe jIvane laI jatuM nathI. ravIndranAthanA "svarga haI-te vidAya" parathI svargethI vidAya' kAvya racAyuM. jemAM mRtyu taraphathI jIvana pratyenA prayANanI vAta che. "mAnI yAdI paNa ravIndranAthanA "mane paDA' kAvyano bhAvAnuvAda che. jemAM bhAvihoNA bALakanI, potAnI mRtyu pAmelI mA aMgenI kalpanA vyakta karavAmAM AvI che. sUvAnA khaMDane khUNe besI AbhamAM mITa mAMDatAM .P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust :

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 197 AkAzamAMthI mAnI AMkho potAne joI rahI hovAnI jANe ene anubhava thAya che. caMdravadana mahetA bhrama' nAmanA karuNaprazasti kAvyamAM zarUmAM mRtyune krUra ane pachI maMgalarUpe jue che. eka ilA gujarI jatAM AghAta lAgatAM yuvAna mRtyu pratye dhRNA anubhave che. bIjI ilA mRtyu "bhrama' hovAnuM samajAvI AzvAsana Ape che. tyAra pachI yuvAna mRtyune mitrabhAve jue che. mRtyu pachInA anya janmanA AkAra viSenI kalpanA kavinI punarjanma-zraddhAne vyakta kare che. "dharI haze na te dehakAmaLI tuja haze kazI AkRti navI" 54 ne chatAM yuvAnanA manamAM eka prazna to jarUra lAge che. "A jagatamAM zuM mAtra eka "mota' ja amara che ? bIjI ilA yuvAnane mRtyunI samaja ApatAM mRtyune amaratvanAM dvAra kholanAra dUta tarIke oLakhAve che. madharAta ane ajJAnanA aMdhakArano samaya pUro thatAM jJAnanuM paroDha pAMgare che. ne tyAre mRtyu eka suMdara "svapnajaLa' hovAnuM samajAya che. mRtyune caMdravadana "gADha nIMdara' sAthe paNa sarakhAve che. sukhanIMdaramAM sUtelI bahenanuM mUdu kAvyamaya varNana "gADhanIMdaramAM thayuM che. joDiyA bhAIbahena saMsAranA raMge raMgAyA vinA devaloka pAmyAnI vAta "yamala' nAmanI soneTamALAmAM kavie gUMthI che. jemAM mRtyune kavi anaMta duHkhonI auSadhi tarIke oLakhAve che. to dhanvantarI vaidyarUpeya mRtyune teo nirUpe che. ilAnA mRtyuno DaMkha potAnA mRtyu vaDe ja dUra karI zakAya. mRtyu sAthe ja sarva smaraNo paNa kharI paDavAnAM. "prayANa'mAM jIvananI dAhakatA miTAvavAnA upAya tarIke "mRtyuvAMchanA' vyakta thaI che. "avasAna' kAvyamAM kAvyanAyaka mRtyuno bhekha dharavA icche che. jethI pRthvInI pele pAra ilAne maLI zakAya. janma ane maraNanI ghaDIne kavi caMdravadana "atIva gUDhalIlA' tarIke oLakhAve che. ratananuM mRtyu thatAM kavi kudaratane AMsu na sAravA kahe che, ahIM ghara vize mUkI phakta DolatuM pIMjaruM, thayo amara haMsalo abhayamAM AtmAnI amaratAno nirdeza thayo che. - caMdravadana mahetAe "kALarAtri' "yamasAvitrI' "mAghanuM mRtyu' jevAM reDiyo rUpako racyAM che. kALarAtrimAM bhAratanA bhavya bhUtakALane biradAvI mRtyu paNa trAsa pAmatuM kavie kapyuM che. yamasAvitrI' purANasaMdarbha para racAyeluM eka prasaMgakathAkAvya che. satyavAnanA mRtyune sAvitrI svIkAratI nathI. mAne e AtmAnI amaratAnI vAta samajAve che. "jIvanano kadI nAza thato nathI. zarIrano nAza thAya che." kahetI sAvitrI mRtyu para prema ane satItvano vijaya gAya che. satyavAnane levA AvatA yamarAjane paNa e haMphAve che. ne kahe che. 1. "jIvananuM kadI mRtyu na thAya .. 1 1 1 zIda asatya vado yamarAjapa4 tyAre yamarAja kahe che "mRtyu sadA nija bhogamAgepa sAvitrI yamarAjane paDakAra pheMkatAM maraNanA mRtyunI daDhapaNe vAta kare che. eka pracalita kiMvadaMtI parathI racAyelA "mAghanuM mRtyu" kAvyamAM caMdravadana mRtyune "sukhazayA' kahe che. je zlokathI rAjAnI vidvad sabhA khuza thAya che e zloka pati pAsethI patnI sAMbhaLavA utsuka che. jemAM udaya-asta, janma-maraNa P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 198 tathA sukha-duHkhanAM gati cakronI vAta karAI che. kumudavananI zobhA khIlI jhaMkhavAya ravi zazi nabha Uge, Athame ema thAya sukhaduHkha gati cakra, yoga vaicitrya jANe vidhavidha vidhilIlA, mAnavInI pramANa" para kavi kahe che "mRtyu ujaLuM thayuM mAgha vaDe" "kALanA garbhathI tAryo ujaLI mRtyunI ghaDI mAruM Aje amara UjaLuM mRtyunuM kAvya kIdhuM" pacha mRtyu bAda mauna banI gayelA mitra mATe karuNatA sAthe kavi sneharazmi 'amaro maunamAM rAcatA' hovAnuM kahe che. pazudayAnI karuNabhInI vyathA zabdabaddha karatA sneha-razmi "muktimAM mANakA para pharI vaLelA kALanA oLAno nirdeza karIne mRtyune mukti tarIke oLakhAve che. "chAyA' nAmanA nAnakaDA muktakamAM kAyArUpI bhAnunA nidhana sAthe jIva adazya thavAnI vAta mAnavanA janmamaraNanA niyamane rajU kare che. "mRtyune kAvyamAM mAnavanA janma temaja mRtyu eka sAthe udbhavyA hovAnI vAta kavie karI che. mAnava ane mRtyu nizadina sAthe ja pharatAM hoya che. pharaka eTalo ke mAnava dazyarUpe hoya, ne mRtyu adazyarUpe hoya. mAnavano mRtyu sAtheno paricaya yugo jUno hovA chatAM mRtyu kadI mAnavanA hAthamAM AvatuM nathI. kavi kahe che, paNa mAnavanI AMkhamAM jyAre mRtyu AMkha parovaze tyAre enI mukharekhA thoDI chupAI zakavAnI? "koNa pharI bolAve'mAM sneharazmie svamRtyukalpanA karI che. duniyAmAMthI vidAya levAnI veLA Ave che tyAre prakRti ane sAda daI pAcho bolAve che. gharanAM nevAM hIbakAMthI chalachala thatAM, janArane aTakAve che. vananI kuMjakuMja, puSponA puMjanI bhInI vyAkuLa AMkho janAranA haiyeya azrupura umaTAve che. 1967mAM "sneharazmi" "sonerI cAMda rUperI sUraja' hAIkusaMgraha pragaTa kare che. je emanI putrI umAne arpaNa thayo che. priyasvajananA azrubhInAM smaraNanI vAta ahIM gUMthAI che. "nephAITIsa'no bhoga banelI dIkarI umAe 1963nA menI chaThThI tArIkhe vidAya lIdhI. e eka dAyakA sudhI mRtyune kavie satata potAnI sAthe rahetuM anubhavyuM. kavi sadgata putrIne uddezI kahe che. jhAkaLa jevuM jIvI gaI tuM have smaraNo bhInAM" 19 to bhItarI caitanyamAM atUTa zraddhA dharAvatA kavi sadgata dIkarInAM smaraNothI svastha banavA yatna kare che. dIkarInuM zarIra maryuM che, cetanA nahIM. caitanyadIpane mRtyunA aMdhakAranI pIMchIMno sparza na ja thAya. "pharatI pIMchI aMdhakAranI dIpa ; ' kahe che ke je ke : ' ' ke ' ja ' ke ' . . nahIM raMgAya" * : : phI 9 _ P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

Page #200
arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 199 janma, jIvana ane mRtyu kramano nirdeza kavie A rIte karyo che. "khakhaDe sUkAM parNo nIce upara kUMpaLa phUTe" 1 prakRtimAM cAlyA karato sarjana visarjanano krama ja to sRSTinuM sauMdarya vilasAve che. holAto jIvanadIpa aMte mRtyu dvArA paramatva sAthe ekarUpa bane che. to satata kharyA karatAM pAnane, navA mahekatAM phUla paNa janmamaraNanA avirata nityakramano nirdeza kare che. umAno haMsalo kavinA jIvanahima zikhare smaraNanAM raMgIna pIMchAM verI gayo. mRtyu eka jhaMjhAvAta che. umAnA mRtyubAda joradAra jhaMjhAvAta pachInI zAMtino, zUnyatAno kavi anubhava kare che. sUkA dhAsa para jhAkaLanA biMdune sneharazmi mRtyune jItanArI kalA tarIke oLakhAve che. sUkuM ghAsa mRtyunuM, ne jhAkaLa jIvananuM pratIka che. mRtyu para jIvananA vijaya tarIke jhAkaLanuM biMdu sUcavAyuM che. jagatamAM AvyA pachI jIvane saMbaMdhanI mAyA vaLage che. e pahelAM ane e pachI koI saMbaMdho rahetA nathI. AtamapaMkhI to UDatuM bhaluM. UDI gayuM ko paMkhI kUjatuM-ravA hajIye nabhe" kara ahIM mRtyu pAmanAra vyaktinI saMbaMdhavihInatA "ko paMkhI' dvArA sUcavAI che. kavinA jIvananabhamAM e paMkhIgAne zAzvata saMgIta sarjayuM che. pataMgiyAsamuM umAnuM jIvana alopa thaI zUnyamAM bhaLI jaI, zUnyane raMgI daI, enA Atamajane pahelA mahAtejamAM bheLavI gayuM. mRtyuthaNInA mahAprasthAnanA e mArgane kavi "zveta" "zubha' kahe che. kavi ema mAne che ke mRtyune paMthe prayANa karatA mAnava-AtmAne rajanIgaMdhAnI (divya) sugaMdhano anubhava thAya che. jIvano satkAra karatuM mRtyu Izvara ja pratIka. mRtyuno mahimA koI samajI zakatuM nathI. varamALa laI jIvane satkAravA UbhelA mRtyuno mahimA kavi gAya che. dIkarInuM avasAna kavine potAnI aMtima sapharano vAraMvAra vicAra Ape che. pachI poteya agamya pradeza prayANa karavAnA saMbaMdho badhA pachI verAI javAnA. ne basa pachI vismRta thaI javAnuM. mRtyunI paLane kavi "agamapaLa' tarIke oLakhAve che. kavi mRtyu pahelAMnI e paLanuM suMdara varNana kare che. mRtyupaLe zabdo viramI jAya, Avego badhA zamI jAya, paricita kRti badhI dUra haDaselAI jAya ne koka ajANI lahara kyAMkathI AvIne vIMTaLAI vaLe. kavi kahe che "mAtAnA garbhamAM jIvananA janma pahelAM mRtyue jANe pAraNuM bAMdhI praveza karyo hato. jIvana enA janma sAthe cheka sudhI A mRtyunA pAraNAmAM ja jhUle che. mRtyu ATaluM ciraparicita hovA chatAM Aje kavinAM dvAra bhaNI AvatAM, ajANyA banavAno bhAsa zA mATe racatuM haze ? "ApaNa bane sAthe janmyA bhavasAgare huM taruM chuM, mIna samAna ne tuM doDe che jaLa banIne, AgaLa, AgaLa, AgaLa, AgaLa. 3 P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

Page #201
arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 200 bhALyuM che? mAM kavi darekane prazna pUche che "bhALyuM che mRtyu tame ?' mRtyune kavi pAMdaDAM, DALa ke thaDa vinAnA nirmaLa ane nirAkAra tattva tarIke oLakhAve che. e evo puruSa che jene nathI mastaka, nathI ura, nathI hAtha na paga na koI aMgaupAMga. rekhA, gati, sthiti, teja ke aMdhakAra vinAnuM. jANe e to niHsIma aMdhakAra. 'tuM ane huM mAM putrImilananI tIvra icchAno AvirbhAva thayo che. umAnA dezaveza to have judA che. paNa tethI zuM? tuM Ava, nathI tAre pUrava ke pacchama ja nathI ahIM uttara ke dakhkhaNa ahIM nathI tuM, nathI huM ja mAnavanA mRtyu pachI huM tuM ne daita ogaLI jAya che. huM tuM nA bheda ogaLI jAya evI koI virala bhUmikAe, sadgata dIkarIne kavi AmaMtre che, ke jyAM pachI kyAreya vidAya ke viraha na hoya. to bIjI ja paLe pAchA kavi svajanamRtyunI vedanAnA anubhavanI vAta "lekhAmAM kare che. mRtyu pAmanAra rogamukta thAya che. pAchaLa rahenAra vedanA anubhave che. mAMdagIne bichAnethI mRtyu kAMThe havA khAI - rogI tAjo thAya" tpa kavi kahe che itihAsa rudana ane milananI zAhIthI mRtyu ane jIvananI kathAnAM lekhAM jokhAM Alekhe che. sneharazmi aMte umAnA mRtyunA satyano svIkAra samajaNapUrvaka karI le che. dIkarInuM mRtyu emane vizALa daSTA banAve che. umA mATenuM snehagIta have vyaktinuM maTI samaSTinuM bane che. gIta A paheluM dIkarInuM are hA mA te vizva AkhAnuM ja umA poteja have eka anaMta zAzvata gIta banI jAya che. kAraNa mRtyu dvArA amara banI e ekanI maTI vizvanI banI gaI che. jIvanA AtaMtya mATe kavi kahe che. tyAMthI e Ave temAM rahe, te mahIM enuM nirvANa 7 kavine dvidhA enI che ke e kone amara kare ? "lo to khIle, ne khare kAkA kavi kone amara kare 8 (kevaLa vIja) mAnavapuSpa paNa khIle, ne khare. janma, jIvana mRtyu, kavi enI kavitAmAM kone amara kare ? smazAnaghATe ekavAra nIrava pagalAM saMbhaLAyAnI vAta kavi "jUnA smazAna ghATe'mAM kare che. citAnI zItaLa ghere aMga pulakita thayAno anubhava thAya che. mRtyu sAthenI paricitatAnI jema smazAnabhUmi sAthenI paricitatA teo anubhave che. umAnA mRtyune kAraNe ja nahi. paNa aneka janmomAM aMte to smazAnamAM ja TharIThAma thayA haze ne? samagra astitvamAM eka sAthe dhabakatA jIvana ane mRtyunA kramano nirdeza lokagItanA DhALamAM P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 201 racAyelA "kone konI khoTamAM thayo che. khAlI jagyAo satata purAtI rahe che. tethI ja koInI khoTa koIne varatAtI nathI. jIvana dhabake nADIe : to mRtyuM romeroma dIkaro Avyo khoLale kAMI khAMdhe. caDhiyala bApa" 69 bApa vidAya le che, ne dIkaro padhAre che. eka jAya, eka Ave, e krama satata cAlyA kare. dAyakAonA anubhavothI raMgaberaMgI jhAMyavALA dehanA uttarIyane kAMcaLI UtAratA sApanI jema UtArI kyAMka have TIMgADI devA kavi utsuka che. mane to che bhUmAnA koDa jemAM mAre huM maTIne nAmarUpathI para thavuM che e to mRtyu mRtyu ?" 30 nAmarUpathI para thavAnI vAtane kavi "mRtyu' tarIke oLakhAve che. ne mRtyu ja mAnavane nAmarUpamAMthI mukti apAve. potAnI AtmakathanI kahetA "eTamane kavi "mRtyudevatA' tarIke varNave che. navA rUpe e ja yamadevatA che. kavi umAzaMkare mRtyughaTanAne judA judA stare, samaye, kSaNe judI judI rIte anubhavI che. "kalAno zahIda'mAM saudarya ane kalA khAtara mRtyu pAmavAno mahimA vyakta thayo che. ne janmadine kavi mRtyaciMtana kare che. (nizItha') janmadAtA pitAnuM mRtyu yAda AvatAM 1934mAM "pitAnAM phUla' kAvya lakhAya che. potAnI yuvAna vaye pitAnuM mRtyu thavA chatAM kavi mRtyuthI nathI gabharAyA. mRtyune kavie zubhradhavala kalagIsamuM kahyuM che. agnimAMthI bacelAM asthiphUla vINatAM kavi eka vicitra anubhava kare che. zamyA mRtyuloko, amara pharakatI nIrakhIne pitAnAM phUlomAM dhavala kalagI vizvakramanI" 1 janmamaraNano vizvakrama dhavala kalagI samo hovAnuM kavi kahe che. kavine mRtyu sAthe kaika dahADAnI vAto ATopavI hatI, "mRtyune'mAM A vAtacIta emaNe zabdAMkti karI che. mRtyu sAtheno mAnavano saMbaMdha yugo jUno hovAnuM teo kahe che. mRtyue ja mAnava sAthe vadhu nikaTano gharobo keLavyo che. mAnavanA prathama zvAsa sAtheja mRtyu janmI cUke che. koIne kadI jAkAro na ApatA mRtyune kavi "visAmo' kahe che. potAne dvAre ghaNA lAMbA samaya sudhI gherA gaMbhIra mUka svarUpe mRtyune beTheluM kavie joyuM hatuM. jiMdagInA pAtramAM aMte to mRtyune ja beTheluM mAnava jue che. mRtyu mAnavano bALapaNano sAthIdAra aMte daine jIva-ne hAthatALI mAto thAto aMtathI jIva kerA" 72 sRSTi para mRtyu ane cetanAnI spardhA avirata cAlatI hovA chatAM kavi mRtyune vijayI to kyAreya gaNatA nathI. zarIra bhale vilAya, jIvanatattvanI, jiMdagInI dhArA to vaNathaMbhI P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 202 cAlyA ja kare che. tethI ja mRtyu sAthe jayAphata mANavA, ene satkAravA kavi taiyAra che. mRtyunA premALa ane hUMphALA sparza sAthe AyuSyanI anaMta AzAono aMta Ave che. haMmeza mauna dhAraNa karatA mRtyune kavi potAnA prazna pratye rasa na karavA samajAve che. kAraNa mRtyu pote ja eka mahAprazna che. praznothI nA rIsa he, nityamUka zobhe tuM ne, je svayaM praznarUpa ?" 73 kavi jiMdagIne mRtyunA arka tarIke oLakhAve che. tethI mRtyuthI trAsavAnuM na hoya. jo ke vizvakuMje jagaDALa para prasarelI jIvanakrIDA saMkelI levA mRtyue mAMDelI mITathI kavi sabhAna che kharA. ("mRtyu mAMDe mITara) kavi umAzaMkara mRtyunI karAlatA temaja bhavyatAne ochI karavA mAgatA nathI. teo e pUrepUruM samaje che ke bhISaNa mRtyumukhane komaLa na ja kahevAya. ne chatAM, mRtyune enA mULa svarUpa sAthe ja kavi AvavA kahe che. "Ava mota, saMdeza bola tava gharghara nAde nahIM nyUna, vadhu bhale rudra tava rUpa, dharIza tuM ja kavi ahIM mRtyunA svarUpanuM bhayAnaka varNana kare che. paNa pote to DaratA nathI. mRtyunA dAMta gaNavA teo utsuka che. mRtyune enuM mukha ughADavA paDakAre che. vakradata, aticaMDa, ghamaMDabharela viSAde mukha ughADa tuja, zAMta citta tava daMta gaNIza huM" 05 to "nizApaMtha'mAM mRtyunI mIThI hUMpha tarapha kavi pratIkAtmaka rIte izAro kare che. jiMdagInA aneka kolAhalo vacce koI gebI divyasvara "Ava re Ava cAlyo' saMbhaLAya che. "thAkyA deha pharI zarU karI AkharI eka yAtrA" ahIM tejasvI mRtyune maLavA javAnI AkharI yAtrAno kavi ullekha kare che. saune jyAre janmathI mRtyu tarapha AgaLa vadhavAnuM che, tyAre kavi mRtyuthI janma taraphano navapatha zodhe che. ("dezavaTe) kadAca punarjanma pratyenI zraddhAno sUra ahIM vyakta thayo che. sau matyane bhamavuM janmathI mRtyu yAvata huM mRtyuthI janamato navapaMtha zodhuM 5 A ja kAvya mULa aMgrejImAM "dhi elphinsToniyana' (1935)mAM chapAyuM hatuM. prAcInA'nAM kAvyo mahadaaMze yuddhajanya mRtyumAMthI nIpajatI yAtanAnAM che. mAtra bAlarAhula' kAvya emAM juduM paDe che. potAnA kuladIpakane jotAM bhagavAna buddhane rAhulanA nirvANanI sAthe sAthe saMsAranA sahu jIvonA nirvANano vicAra Ave che. A zarIramAM ja badhA kaleza samAyA hovAnuM teo kahe che. AnaMda sAthenA saMvAdamAM teo jaNAve che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 203 "AyuSya che tyAM sudhI che ja yuddha ko mRtyu pUrve na saMpUrNa buddha" 37 "hA, deha joyo priya nAzavaMta joyo sukhono anivArya aMta vicArato ke huM tarIza dhanya have pharI janma na deha anya" 08 pharI janma, pharI deha, pharI mRtyunI ghaTamALamAMthI mukti e ja nirvANa. kavine pahelAM mRtyuno Dara lAgato. paNa pachI to teo sAmethI ja mRtyu pAse "amIbhikSA mAge che. mRtyunI bAtha zikSA nathI rahetI, UlaTuM e sAthe saMsAranA sarva ghA rujhAI javAnA. "e tane bAthamAM bhIDe to rakhe gaNe tuM zikSA" 09 1965mAM prakAzita thayelA "mahAprasthAna'nAM kAvyomAM paNa mRtyaciMtana jovA maLe che. mahAprasthAna' kAvyamAM himALo gALavA himAlaye prayANa karatA pAMDavonA kramazaH mRtyunI vAta karAI che. sahadeva potAne temaja bAMdhavone "mRtyuyAtrI' gaNAve che. "mRtyunI zILI himazayA' saunI pratIkSA karI rahI hovAnuM kavi kahe che. draupadInA mRtyu samayanI AbhAne amatya gaNAvI che. nakula mRtyu sAme amaya jevA jIvanasauMdaryano jayajayakAra bolI vidAya mAge che to draupadI ane cAra bhAIonAM mRtyune yudhiSThira himazubhamRtyu' kahe che. ne pote paNa evA ja mRtyunI jhaMkhanA kare che. yudhiSThira' kAvya "mahAprasthAnanA anusaMdhAnamAM lakhAyuM lAge che. svargamAM duryodhanane suvarNa rAjasiMhAsane virAjamAna jaI yudhiSThira akaLAya che tyAre nArada emane samajAve che. vairamAtra maraNAnta' maraNa sAthe vera mAtrano aMta Ave che. yamadevanI parIkSAmAM traNa vakhata dharmayyata thayelA yudhiSThira "yamaH pitaraH kahI yamadevano anugraha yAce che. ne suyodhana tathA anya abhAgI bAMdhavo sAthe vasavATanI anumati mAge che. dhArAvastra'mAM kavi mRtyune akhaMDakALamAM mAnavanA thatA punaHpraveza tarIke oLakhAvavA mathe che. teo kahe che mRtyu, akhaMDa kALamAM punaH praveza? jIvanakALano svAda kSaNakSaNano ghaMTa, ekarasa asmitA" 80 kavi kahe che "koI eka kSaNanI nikA haTAvI mRtyu svayaM bolI raheze "le prabhu sAthe tAre hAtha - milAvavA hatA ne? mRtyu eTale prabhu - sAthenuM hastadhUnana" 81 purANomAM mRtyunRtyanI vAta ullekhAI che. kavi indulAla gAMdhI mRtyunI kyakAlIna vAta kare che. ('gorasI" 1939) citAnI bhaDabhaDa jvALAo nilAkAze pahoMce che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 204 mRtyu mUMgI kathakalI race che. mRtyunA avirata cAlatA A kathakalI nRtyathI dharatI DolI UThe che. e mRtyunRtyathI dizAonI UMcI aDIkhama dIvAlo khaLabhaLI UThe che. paNa nRtyanAM . amI koIthI sahevAtAM nathI ke nathI gamatI enI madhurI zobhA koIne. kAyAthI AyuSyane alaga zI rIte paDAya? e prazna koyaDo' kAvyamAM kavi upasthita kare che. vidhAtrI basa satata kAcI mATIno ghaDo ghaDe che. phoDe che, pharI ghaDe che. "motanAM gANAM'mAM kavi "mRtyune mIThuM' kahe che. indulAla gAMdhIno "zatadala' saMgraha paNa 1939mAM ja pragaTa thAya che. "hAma nathI'mAM mRtyune supere mANI zakavAnA baLane meLavavAnI kAvyanAyaka prArthanA kare che. daradagrasta banI deha saDI saDIne mare evuM e icchatA nathI. koI agamya pradezamAM, ne ekaja jhATake kavi maravAnuM pasaMda kare che. jyAM pachI maranAra tathA bAkI rahenAra koIne mohamAyA na sparze. kavi indulAla jIvanane "jhera' ne "maraNa" ne "mAdhurI' kahe che. maraNa duHkhamAMthI mukti apAve tethI ja kavi ene "mAdhurI' kahe che. "aMtakALe koI saguM thavAnuM nathI e satya "khamaiyA rAkho'mAM rajU karI potAnA zabazarIrane smazAne jAteja UMcakI laI javAnI vAta kavi kare che. sadgata sakhine "rasasaMjIvanI' tarIke oLakhAvatA kavine jJAnaprakAza lAdhatAM mRtyunI anivAryatA samajAya che. jo ke bhUtakALanA praNayaprasaMgo teo bhUlI zakatA nathI. "azeSa', "zreSThatA Ama to gautamanA gRhatyAgane nirUpe che. zarIrane prANathI alaga karI sau maraNane maLavA mATe ja na jIvatA hoya? evo prazna kavi kare che. pavananI pAvaDIe caDI vizvane vIMTI vaLatA nidhananuM varNana karatAM kavi kahe che. "thora zI rukSa enI hatheLI mahIM kamala haiM poDhavAnI apekSA zizira ne grISmanAM gIta dharIza huM aMkamAM AtmabhakSA" 82 "sArathi' kAvyamAM mRtyune kavi anaMtajagakAlanA krAMticakra tarIke oLakhAve che. mRtyune teo paramalakSya ke nUtana prabhAnI "keDI' tarIke oLakhatA nathI. 196ramAM indulAla uttarIya saMgraha pragaTa kare che. mRtyumAM AyuSyanI nUtana keDInuM kavine darzana thAya che. "huM nahi houM tyAre'mAM mRtyu sAthenA hRdayayuddhanI kavi vAta kare che. 1712/61nI sAMje kavitA lakhatAM rAtre dasa vAgye pote jItyAnI ne mRtyu hAryAnI teo anubhUti kare che. kavi ahIM sarasa kalpanA kare che. pote nahi hoya tyAre dharatI paranI suMdaratA, kurUpatA, svArtha, aMdhArAM, ajavALAM, cAMdA sUrajanA teja badhuM hovAnuM. kavinI zraddhA evI che ke kavi kadI marato nathI'. ekamekanI AMkhomAM cirayauvanA kavitA keruM smita haze. aneka kaMThamahIM yauvananuM - aNakaramAyuM gIta haze. eka eka haiyAmAM mArI P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. paramaciMtana prIta haze Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * mRtyu para mArA jIvananI e ja sanAtana jIta haze ekaeka haiyAmAM ciraMtana prIta e ja emano mRtyu paranA tana , manasukhalAla jhaverInAM kAvyomAM hRdayanI saccAIno raNake enAtha che. (- - zradhdhAMjali arpatAM temaNe kareluM mRtyaviSayaka noMdhapAtra ciMtana bhAna che , we kAvyamAM smaraNothI mUMjhAtI nArInI manovyathA pragaTa thaI che, jI.ke che. jethI ja game che. potAnA aMtakALe paNa dAMta vinAnA hoTha para bhUtakALanA A ja mitarekhA ramI rahe evuM nAyikA jhaMkhe che. mRtyu samaye e smitAnA ja che rahevAnI ne? 1939mAM kavi manasukhalAla jhaverIno "ArAdhanA' eka TakA che. je pachI adhUrI kAvyamALA ja rahe che. "sudarzanacakra'ne kavi "ka ida che, viziSTa siddhisamuM "mahAprasthAna' khaMDakAvya yudhiSThiranA AtmaciMtananuM che ke, jene aMtima vidAya ApavI paDe che e saune bhInI AMkhe e yAda kare che - je- 8 che. mAnavavaMzanI bajatI maraNakhaMjarIne e yAda kare che. 1981mAM. " da =ka pragaTa thAya che. "dAdAjIne aMjali ApatAM manasukhalAla kahe che, dAdAjI- ----- jItyuM, ne paurupe jItyuM jIvana "ne haze mRtyu zuM? aMta haze e dRSTi sRSTino? vA haze toraNadvAra navA koI pradezanuM ?" ja jyAMthI vyakti pAchI pharatI nathI, ne jyAM mAnavanA harSazoka, tyAga, ba6 9-kAra. evI bhedI bhUmie dAdAjI gayAnuM kavi kahe che. 1959mAM pragaTa ka. 49 manasukhalAlanA kAvyasaMkalanamAMnuM "mRtyune' kAvya mRtyu viSenuM suMdara ciMtaka 8. 9 sAthenA moDhAmoDhanA saMvAdanI ahIM vAta che. mRtyunuM akALe AvavuM kone 8 mRtyunI bIka na hatI, paNa kavi maravAnA muDamAM na hatA kAraNa deza aAda . *_ hato. mRtyu mitra bhale hoya toya e akALe Ave e to na ja game. paNa e tri che, e kavi jANe che. tethI svargamAM laI javA mATe nahi, paNa navA no rU. 1 vatanamAM janmavA mRtyu Ave evI vinaMti teo mRtyune kare che. kAraNa te jANe che caMcaLa vizvamAM mAtra mRtyu ja nizcala che. gAMdhIyuganA kavioe kyAMka kyAMka a~nimitte mRtyu ciMtana vyakta karyuM che. janmanI sAthe ja mRtyunI gAMTha paNa baM ye re. "varSagAMTha' kAvyamAM manasukhalAle eka varSa eka laharI virAmatAM kALanA mahAne 26 karyo che. jyAM kSaNe kSaNe aneka janaka maratA hoya tyAM ekAda janmanuM gumAna re "ne mRtyu jayAM arava * toya pade acUka ....bhUsI javA pagalI retI paranI sarva 85 retI paranI pagalI jevAM jIvanavarSone bhUMsI nAkhavA peluM mRtyu arava pade cUke che. UbhuM rahetuM hoya tyAre varSagAMThano harSa zo dharavo ? ne chatAM pRthvI para sunsa para dhanyatAno anubhava to jarUra kare che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 206 1956mAM manasukhalAla "anubhUti' laIne Ave che. "madhumAsanI mahekanI vasaMtanA navA sparzanI vAta karatAM karatAMya mRtyune kavi yAda karI le che. mRtyunA malaktA caherAmAM jIvanano AnaMda spharato hoya evuM kavine dekhAya che. "punarjanma kAvyamAM kavi punarjanmanI navIja vyAkhyA Ape che. AnaMda ane premadvArA prANano jANe punarjanma thAya che. eka navIja bhUmikA para prANano vizva sAthe saMbaMdha racAtAM mRtyu mahorI UThe che, ne jIvana pAMgarI UThe che. mRtyu Aja aho mhoryuM UryuM jIvana pAMgarI 80 to "jIvana ane mRtyu' kAvyamAM kavi mRtyunA astitvano ja InkAra kare che. kAraNa saMdhyAnI chellI pAMkhaDI vilAI jAya che, eja paLe bIje kyAMka uSAnI AMkhaDI UghaDe che. ahIM kokanuM mRtyu thAya, ne bIje kyAMka jIvananuM popacuM khUle che. "astitvano nahi atta to pachI mRtyuno avakAza kyAM?" 80 sattaravarSanI uMmare mRtyudevane udezI kAvya racanAra viliyama briyAnTa (amerikana kavi)ne manasukhalAla yAda kare che. viliyama briyAnTa pRthvIne ja eka "moTI kabara' mAnatA. A jagatamAM evuM ekapaNa sthaLa nathI jyAM koI mANasa na maryuM hoya, mRtyudevano apAra mahimA gAtA e kavie kahyuM che "mAnavane khabara paNa na paDe e rIte mRdutAthI mAnavanA uramAM pravezI mRtyudeva mAnavanA ghA rujhave che. ne chatAM jIvananI aMtima paLe ene janAjo, kaphana vagerenA vicAra Ave che. ne e thatharI UThe che. "kautuka' kAvyamAM jIvanamRtyunA cakranI sarjana ane saMhAranA kramanI kavie vAta karI che. mRtyu mUTha mArI pAMdaDA-ne DhALI de che. paNa pAchI jIvananI eka phaMke cetanA choLa mArI chalakI UThe che. ne sUryanAM kesarI kiraNamAM ThUMThA para kUMpaLo pAchI malakavA mAMDe. mRtyu punarjanma rUpe, nAnakaDI ratumaDI kUMpaLa rUpe Ama more. 1975mAM manasukhalAla DUmo ogaLyo' saMgraha Ape che. "pAMdaDuM' kAvyamAM kavi pratIkAtmaka rIte mRtyune apAyelA nimaMtraNanI vAta kare che. ene mRtyunI eka phaMkanI mAtra pratIkSA che. krUra ke dayAvAna, je rUpe AvavuM hoya e rUpe paNa e mRtyu Ave evI jhaMkhanA vyakta thaI che. kavi kahe che mRtyu Ave e pUratuM nathI. eNe bIjuM paNa eka kAma karavAnuM che. ne te navasarjananuM. bIjo janma paNa mRtyu ja ApI zake ne ? to "ekaja satyamAM mRtyunA sarvoparIpaNAno kavi svIkAra kare che. kavi "maraNa" ne "satyane jIvanane 'bhramaNA' kahe che. paNa tarata ja prakRtinA sauMdaryanI lIlA joI kavi vicAra badale che. tyAre mRtyu nahi "jIvana' satyarUpa lAge che. ne mRtyu ja "brAMti'. paNa kharI vAta e che ke mRtyu jIvanataMtune AgaLa dhapAve che. to vaLI "mRtyuno karasparza'mAM mRtyunA sparzane krUra ane abhadra kahyo che. vRddhAvasthA sAthe ja thatA mRtyunA sparzanuM kavi AbehUba varNana kare che. zarIra jIrNa thaI jAya che. buddhi aceta banI jAya che. badhAM ja maMthano zamI jAya che. sthitaprajJatAne lIdhe nahi, mRtyunA abhadra sparzane lIdhe Ama thAya che. mRtyuno sparza pratyeka paLe mAnavane koIka nAnakaDA kocalAmAM dhakelI devA mathato hoya che. "agharuM' kAvyamAM Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S.

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 207 saddagata mAne yAda karatAM kavi mRtyune "aMtimamaMjhila' tarIke oLakhAve che. to nAnakaDA citanakAvya "mUMjhavaNa'mAM kavi sarasa kalpanA rajU kare che. mRtyunI pele pArano pradeza dekhAvA lAge tyAM ja gata svajano ahIMthI mRtyu pAmI prayANa karanArane satkAravA tatpara banyA hovAnuM dekhAya che. "konI dvArA'mAM kazAno saMpUrNa lopa thato na hovAnuM kavi kahe che. mRtyune kavi jIvanano lopa ke pUrNavirAma gaNatA nathI. zarIrathI mRtyu pAmanAra adamya vAsanA vaDe to jIvato ja hoya che. tethI to gItAkAre kAmanAtyAga prabodhyo ne buddha tRSNA tathA pramAdane ja "maraNa' kahyAM. nAyagarAnA vaheNane ('nAyagarA), kavi "mahAmRtyunuM vaheNa' kahe che. satata doDyA karavAnI prakriyA ja "mahAmRtyu'. mANasa pratyeka kSaNe mare che. ne navo janma paNa dhare che. kAvyasarjana paNa kavinA navajanmanI ja prakriyA. pUjAlAla dalavADInI (1901/1985 27 Dise.) kavitAnI viziSTatA enI AdhyAtmikatA che. A kavine mokSa ke svarganI khevanA na hatI. jaDamAMthI cetanamAM, mRtyumAMthI amRtalokamAM laI janArI zrImatI IzvarInA svarUpamAM temane lIna thaI javAnI tamannA hatI. 1954mAM 'pArijAta' saMgraha pragaTa thAya che. "rasAyana' kAvyamAM kAvyanAyaka maraNanuM rasAyaNa banAvIne pIdhAnI vAta kare che. maraNa tathA enA bhayane ghoLIne pI janAra mATe "maraNa' e to eka auSadhi. maratA paThANanI vatana prItino mahimA gAtA kavi "paThANanI, putrane chellI AjJA' kAvyamAM mRtyune jagatanAM duHkha nivAranArI jaDIbuTTI tarIke oLakhAve che. kAraNa mRtyu pachI koIja duHkhadarda rahetAM nathI. kavi kAyAne kAcI mATInuM "kaDiyuM' kahe che. paNa mATIno deha mATImAM maLI javAno hovA chatAM jIvanataMtunA sAtatyamAM kavi zraddhA che. ('jIvanadIpa') 1957mAM "pAMcajanya'nI prathama AvRtti pragaTa thAya che. joddhAne uddezI lakhAyelA "jA jodha' kAvyamAM "mRtyu to kone choDavAnuM? evo prazna karI tarata ja pAchA kavi mRtyuno bhaya na sevavA kahe che. mRtyune AroganArA "mRtyuMjayI' banI jatA hovAnuM paNa teo kahe che. "jIvana" tathA "maraNa" baMnene samAna :NatA kavi "maravAnuM ekaja vAra che' ema kahI mRtyunA bhayane khaMkheravA sUcave che. ('kavAra') to jagatamAM AvyA tyArathIja thayelA mRtyu nirmANano nirdeza 'jhaLahaLa'mAM thayo. 'karmavIra'mAM kavi maraNane "madya' sAthe sarakhAve che. puruSAtana prerita puruSa paNa e pIne aMte leTI jAya che. kALane ghoLI ghoLI eno kasuMbo karanAra nirbhaya lokone yAda karI kavi mAnavanI yama sAthenI yArIno nirdeza "hoya nA haiyAmAM hAma' kAvyamAM kare che. 1959mAM pUjAlAlano "gurjarI' kAvyasaMgraha pragaTa thAya che. "tArA hAthamAM' kAvyamAM maraNazIla evA potAne amRtalokamAM laI javAnI prArthanA kavi kare che. to "ArohamAM potAnA urane mRtyusAgarabhaNI na ghasaDAvA jaNAvAyuM che. "paramasakhAne' mitra smaraNanuM kAvya che. hamaNAM AvuM chuM kahI haMmeza mATe cAlyA gayelA mitranA komaLa hRdayane yAda karI divyadarzana dvArA potAne prasanna karavA sadgatanA AtmAne teo vinave che. to potAnI kAyAnI kSudratAno ekarAra karatA kAvyanAyaka maraNonmukha dInatA adazya thAya evI vAMchanA mATIno' kAvyamAM vyakta kare che. kavi pUjAlAla "maraNa'ne mAnavanA anucara tarIke oLakhAve che. ('maraNa") mAnavanA cArucaraNa paDe tyAM e enI pAchaLa anucara banIne jAya che. mAnavanI sevAmAM satata hAjara rahenAra maraNa ene jagatajananI P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 208 pAse laI jAya che. 1979mAM "zuktikA' bahAra paDe che. maraNane ekabAju sevAbhAvI anucara kahenAra pUjAlAla "maraNane jIvaleNa jokhamabharyA aMdhakAra tarIke paNa oLakhAve che. ('trIjI zuktikA') jo ke prabhupremane teo maraNanA "mAraNa' tarIke gaNAve che. vIronI mRtyu sAthenI maitrIno nirdeza karatAM kavi jIvananI sagAIne ThagArI ne mRtyunI sagAIne kAyamI gaNAve che. to vaLI ekatrIsamI zuktikAmAM "mRtyune kavi mahAyajamAna" kahe che. sADatrIsamI zuktikAmAM paNa mRtyunA mahemAna banavAnI kavi vAta kare che. naciketAnI jema mRtyuno mahemAna thanAra ja amaratapAna karavAnI AzA rAkhI zake. pacAsamA duhAmAM mRtyuuchere chalakatA amRtanA pAtrano ullekha karI yamagRhe amRta pIrasAtuM hovAthI magRha janArA vIro amRtarasa pI amara banatA hovAnuM kavi kahe che. bAvanamAM duhAmAM mRtyuno aphasosa na karavAnuM kahetA anyanA navajIvanano mahimA gavAyo che. "sUkuM pAna kharI paDe, temAM zo aphasosa kUMpaLakAja jagA thatI, e eno saMtoSa" 88 jUnuM jAya ne navuM pAMgare, e to sRSTino krama che. kavi pUjAlAla jIvana ane maraNa baMnene mitro kahe che. jIvana maraNane, ne maraNa jIvanane vArApharatI niyaMtratA hovAnuMya teo mAne che. mRtyu pAmyA pachI pAcho punarjanma. "AvanajAvanano niyama, evuM yamanuM rAjaya kazuM nAza nA pAmatuM, jAya AvavA kAja" 9 tethIja svajananA mRtyunimitte thatA rudanane kavi nirarthaka gaNAve che. mRtyu pachInA mArge e nirvibe paLe evI prArthanA snehIoe karavAnI hoya. A vizvane kavi pUjAlAla jIvana ane mRtyunA krIDAMgaNa tarIke oLakhAve che. aMte badhAM sarjano mRtyunA udaramAM visarjana pAmatAM hovAnuM kavi kahe che. kavi kahe che "mRtyu mahAsukhamAM pravezAve' verajherathI bharelA A trAsadAyaka jagatamAMthI mRtyunA mArgane svIkArI jIva ekalo ja mahAsukhamAM praveze che. to bIjI ja paLe kavi yamarAjanA gharane "jaDa' kahe che. mAnavanA cidAtmAne kavi amRtano AvAsa' kahe che. to kyAMka vaLI kavi mRtyunA astitvano ja inkAra kare che. ajJAnanA aMdhakAramAM vasatA lokono e to "bhrama' che. 1974mAM "mA bhagavatI' nAmanuM kAvya kavi pUjAlAla zrI araviMdAzramanAM mAtAjInA avasAna nimitte race che. 1974 navembarathI 17mIe sAMje mA bhagavatIe saunI vaccethI cUpacApa vidAya lIdhI, paNa AtmasvarUpe teo sarvatra rAjatAM hovAnI kavinI zraddhA che. mAtAjInA zarIrane to kavi pRthvI para pada mAMDavAnA eka AdhArarUpa mAtra gaNe che. jIvanabAla tathA mRtyubAla baMnene mAnuM stanya prApta thayAnuM kavi kahe che. kavi kahe che premanA paya pAvAM mRtyune paNa mAe potAne khoLe dharyuM. 1978mAM pUjAlAla "muktAvalI" pragaTa kare che. kavinuM mAnavuM che ke mRtyu pIdhA vinA amRta prApta thatuM nathI. atiteja evA mRtyumadyanuM pAna karanAra duniyAnA bAdazAha banI jatA hoya che. "nathI jarA, mRtyu nathI ja mAruM' evI bhAvanA rAkhanAro lAMbA anaMta pathe prayANa karI anaMtane pAmI dhanya banato hovAnuM, kavi mAne che. matya mAnavanA jIvanane "kSudra gaNAvatA kavi mRtyarasanA svAdane anero gaNAve che. mRtyu viSe virodhAbhAsI vicAro dharAvatA kavi pUjAlAla eka jagyAe P.P.AC.'Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 209 mRtyune kALo kadarUpo bhamaro' kahe che. (muktAvalI 127) kavi kahe che, mRtyu nizcita ane anivArya hoya to ene aMge ATalI vimAsaNa zAne ? 1979mAM "aparAjitA' pragaTa thAya che maraNazIla mAnavane kavitAnAM amRta pAI amara banAvavAnuM kAma kavio kare che, sudUra tyAM'mAM mRtyu pachInA divya mArganuM varNana kavi pUjAlAle sarasa karyuM che. vizva anya sarvane visarIne IhalokanI chevaTanI vidAya le che. paramadhAmane kavi zrI saccidAnaMda svarUpadhAma tarIke oLakhAve che. 1980mAM "duharAvalI' pragaTa thAya che. bhagavAnanuM smaraNa karatAM bhAvorminA AviSkArarUpe "duharAvalI' chaMda kavine prApta thAya che, 48mAM duhAmAM kavi mRtyune vacagALAno mArga kahe che, mRtyune teo "aMta' to gaNatA ja nathI.. gItAnI ja vAtane vAcA ApatA hoya tema 49mAM duhAmAM kavi AtmAnI amaratA nirdeza kare che. mRtyu mAtra, zarIrane pIDA ApI zake. AtmA para enI koI asara thatI nathI. trepanamAM duhAmAM paNa e ja vicAranuM punarAvartana karatA kavi mRtyune yAtrA AvelA 'virAma' tarIke oLakhAve che. jeo jJAnaprakAza jayotamAM jIve che e amade che. ajJAnano aMdhakAra e ja maraNa" evuM kavi mAne che. jemane mRtyuno bhaya nathI va. kSaNe kSaNe mRtyunI mIThAzane alaukika rasAyaNarUpe mANI zake che. mRtyune "purAvA kahetA kavi, e mArge paga rAkhI amRtattvanA yAtrIo brahmaparAyaNa banatA herAnuM 8 che. to kyAreka kavi mRtyune "chAvezI mitra' paNa kahe che. je lAge duzmana, paDyuM kAma mitranuM kare che. tethI ja jyAre e dvAra para Ave tyAre, e parama avasare ene satkAravA tatpara rahevAnuM kavi kahe che, dehanuM ghara samayanA baMdhanamAM baddha hovAthI enA para muka thavAnuM nathI. kavi maraNanA bhayane maraNathI paNa vadhu kharAba gaNAve che. sUryaputrI sAvitrIne kavi mRtyunA gartamAMthI tAravA AvanArI sanmitra tarIke oLakhAve che. to naciketAne agni ane enuM ArAdhita amRtattvanuM jJAna svayaM mRtyune paNa manAvI laI amRtanuM varadAna ApI detA hovAnuM kavi jaNAve che. 1980mAM "sopAnikA' pragaTa thAya che. mArgamAM mRtyu Ave to eno mitrabhAve hAtha pakaDI levAnI kavinI abhIpsA "saMkalpamAM vyakta thaI che. "suMdaranA zRMgamAM ne paMthe prayANa karavAnI tamannA vyakta thaI che. kavi jIvanane baMdhiyAra ne mRtyu ne mukta gaNAve che. "AnaMdane AvAhanamAM pharI kavi saMsArane "maraNAlaya' tarIke varNave che. jyAM mRtyumArge ja jaI zakAya evI dUranI sapharanI vAta "sudUra saphare'mAM karAI che. kAvyanAyaka ADA UbhA rahI mArga na rokavA jaNAve che. kAraNa teo to mitrane (mRtyu) ghera jaI rahI che. jyAre asIma siMdhu sAda pADI rahyo che tyAre jIvane paLanoya vilaMba na karavA jaNAve che. divyapaMthe prayANa karanArAnI vidAyane kalyANamayI kahe che. AMkhamAM azru ne hoTha 52 jJAnanA smita sAthe "zubhanA mahAyAtrI priyone Apajo abhinaMdano" ema kare che che. "kAvyaketu' paNa 1980mAM pragaTa thAya che. ramaNalAla jozI A kavitAne svAbhimuja kavinI kavitA' tarIke oLakhAve che. saMdhyAkALe samudra snAne gayelA kavimitra sArAbhAI dozIno samudra bhoga lIdho hato. kavi kahe che, "jIvana dazyamAna na jAya, eTalA mAtrathI ene "mRtyu' zuM kahevAya? "ratine AzvAsana'mAM eka viziSTa prakArano mRtyusaMdarbha vaNAyo che. zivajIe kAmadevanuM dahana karyA pachI ratie dAruNa vilApa karyo hato. kAre P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 210 ratine sIdhuM AzvAsana ApatA hoya e rIte kahe che ke eno pati anaMga potAnA dahabaMdhanathI mukta thayelo hovA chatAM vizAlatara, vizvarUpe sacarAcaramAM vistarI rahyo che. marIne e vadhu amara thayAnuM kavi kahe che. mRtyu ke ziva kAmadevane mArI na zake. bahu bahu . to ene anaMga banAve. "kyAM che ? mAM ghoramAM ghora gaNAtuM mRtyu ane eno amRta sparza ja pIyUSarasa pivADaze evI zraddhA vyakta thaI che. 1986mAM "yogatapasyA" kAvyasaMgraha pragaTa thAya che. jemAM azvapatinI pratIkAtmaka bhuvanayAtrA varNavAI che. azvapati jIvanuM pratIka che. pRthvI paranA mRtyune jItI zakAyuM nathI. ratubhAI desAIne emanAM mA mATe lakhelA "jananI' kAvyamAM motanI chAyane sthira, madhura ne dhavala kahI che. mukha pare madhurI sthira motanI dhavala chAya, sudhIra DhaLI rahI" 91 mRtyu pachI mAno yAtrApatha kesarakaMkumathI sabhara, ne kusumapuMjathI sugaMdhita hovAnuM kavi kalpa yadi na janma ane nidhana haze amara maMgala jIvana tyAM vase" 92 maraNane kavi navajanmanI bhUmikA tarIke ahIM oLakhAve che. pahelA maraNano bhaya hato, paNa pachI maraNane zaraNa thavA dila DaratuM na hatuM. 1963mAM "kalpanAnAmano saMgraha ratubhAI Ape che. "pAlakhImAM ratubhAI janma mRtyu AvAgamananA ramya kramano nirdeza kare che. pUrvamAMthI nitya nUtana abhinava pAlakhI aMte pazcimamAM zamatI hovAnuM kahe che. "pUrNavirAma'mAM kavi jIvanane sAnta vAkya sAthe sarakhAve che. AraMbha che, eno aMta che. mRtyune kavi zAMtimaya pUrNavirAma kahe che. roja mRtyune coka manujanI nazvaratAnuM dhyAna" 7 e satya kavi samaje che. kAvyanAyaka sAmAnya prakAranuM mRtyu pAmavAnA nathI. cAra azvanA ratha sama cAra manujanA skaMdhe caDIne pote javAnA evo kavino vizvAsa che. je di emanAM nayananalino bIDAI jaze, oThanI pAMdaDI vilAI jaze, kaMTha vihaMga cUpa thaI jaze. te di emane dvAra AvI eka sevaka Ubho raheze ne teo kRtakRtya thaI jaze. kavinI zraddhA che ke emanA mRtyu bAda kalpanA to jarUra amara raheze. 1981mAM ratubhAI "sAsumAnI jhAlarI nAmanuM eka aMgata zokaprazastikAvya lakhe che. kRtinI zaruAtamAM jIvana ane mRtyu baMnenI aTalatAno kavi nirdeza kare che. mRtyu pachInA pradezanA nimaMtraNanuM varNana kavi A rIte kare che. "Aja sahu dizA de che nimaMtraNa mAtra vahe zAMta vAyu yehI puSpo khIle, jharI jAya chAnI gaMdha yahIM, saMgItanA saptasUra... mahIM, sUramAM vilIna thAya. calo tahIM mA.... mRtyune kavi AnaMdalokanI mahAyAtrA kahe che. "zuM sAce ja javA veLA thaI ? e vicAre dhrUjI UThatA kavi sAsumAnA mRtyu pachInA navalA divyadeze thanArA prayANanI vAte svasthatA dhare che. mRtyu to kavine mana piyAmilanano avasara. sI. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 211 "devaLaparama mRtyudevapade laLavAno jANe paritoSa jANe piyAmilanano prANa mahAzoSa" 94 "svalpaciMtana'mAM kavi jIvana temaja mRtyaviSayaka ciMtana rajU kare che. avyaktamAMthI vyakta banatA tattvane jIvana tathA vyakta avyaktamAM bhaLe ene ja zuM maraNa kahevAnuM haze? teo mRtyunA rahasyane gheruM ne aspaSTa kahe che. mRtyu pAranuM jIvana kevuM haze? A sanAtana prazna A kavi paNa pUchI nAkhe che. ne chatAM mRtyu paratvenI nirbhayatA to teo vyakta kare ja che. mRtyarUpI bAla bhale ne daMza de AtmAnAM uDDayana apAra' jIvanasAtatyanA jaLane vidhAtAe mRtyunI pALa bAMdhI che. paNa pelo AtmA e pALaneya toDI UDI jAya che, kyAMka dUra dUra.... jIvanano prAraMbha, zuM tyAM ja zarU mRtyu?" kavi mRtyune eka bAju atithi kahe che. to bIjI bAju mAgaNa. - 1986mAM ratubhAI desAI "yAtrA-pathano-AlApa' pustaka Ape che. jene amRtalAla yAjJike "aMtaryAmInI darzanayAtrA' tarIke oLakhAvyuM che. kavi kahe che "je rAkhanI DhagalImAMthI ApaNe pragaTyA chIe te ja rAkhanI DhagalImAM ApaNe poDhI janArA chIe." upa pratyeka janmagAMThe ApaNe eka gAMTha choDIe chIe, ne bIjI vadhu eka bAMdhIe chIe. janma ne mRtyune judAM pADI zakAtAM nathI. ekanI vAta karatAM bIjAnI vAta karavI paDe che. kavi kahe "janma para tamAro adhikAra na hato ane mRtyu para paNa tamAro aMkuza haze nahi" 9 kavi mRtyune eka pavana' tarIke oLakhAve che. je pAkelAM phaLone tenI DALathI chUTAM paDe che. pariNAme te rasALa bhUmimAM verAI jaI pharI te navavRkSa rUpe pragaTe. mRtyunI vyAkhyA ApatAM kavi kahe che. * "maravuM eTale pavananI pIThe caDI anaMtanI kSitijomAM alopa thaI javuM" 97 mRtyune kavi jIvanano nahi, jijIviSAno aMta gaNe che. jIvanano piMDa mRtyuno abhinava sparza pAmIne navala AkRti dhAraNa karavA jhaMkhato piMDa che. mRtyune dhIratAthI lADapUrvaka ne lAlityasaha bheTavAnI vAta kare che. jIvanamAM anizcitatA che. jyAre mRtyu to nizcita che. kavi kahe che. "agamya AviSkArothI sabhara jIvanano aMtima AviSkAra te mRtyu?" << kavi kahe che. "jIvananI baMsarImAM je paLe sUra vaheto thayo tene mAnave janma gaNyo. jIvana baMsarImAMthI je dine sUra vaheto baMdha thayo te mRtyu." 99 ekaeka janmadina mRtyu taraphanI gati, ne mRtyudina navA janmanI zarUAta. kavi potAnA mRtyune "vezapalaTo' kahe che. kavine punarjanmamAM kadAca zraddhA che. tethI pharIvAra jarakazI jAmo ane malamalI TopI paherI teo A sRSTimAM saunI vacce AvavAnA. kavi vidAya veLAe paNa maunano bhaMga na karavA ja saune vinave che. P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 212 "sthala bheguM sthala : ane jala bheguM jala banI jaze" % paNa kavi to potAne jalaDlathI para gaNAve che. potAnI aMtima IcchAnA kAvyamAM kavi potAnI jAtane paMcatattvanA pUtaLA temaja amRtasya putra tarIke oLakhAve che. ratubhAInA kAvyasaMgraha "yAtrApathano AlApa'ne prApta thayela suvarNacaMdraka tathA raktasrAvathI acAnaka ratubhAInAM patnI mamatA bahenanuM avasAna thayuM. (11/2/88) kavi ratubhAIe aMgata zokane sArvajanIna svarUpa ApyuM ne "khaMDerano jhurApo' (1989) kAvya sarjAyuM. jemAM mRtyu pahelAnI rAtrinuM, ne mRtyu pachInI svajanonI sthitinuM hRdayasparzI citraNa che. takhtasiMha paramAra A kAvyane "azrusiMcita kAvyavelI para khIleluM puSpa" kahe che. mRtyu pachI svajana kyAM jAya che? enI koIne khabara nathI. patnI pAse nathI, evuM na mAnavA teo kahe che. phera eTalo ke pahelAM dazyarUpa hatI. e have adezyarUpa banI che. khUba azru vahAvyA bAda svastha baneluM kavicitta aMte mRtyu viSenA niSedhAtmaka vicAro tyajI daI niyatidIdhA satyano svIkAra kare che. mRtyune kavi jIvananA kalAmaya satyamaya abhinava dhAraNa' tarIke oLakhAve che. kavi ahIM mRtyudUta, yamadevanuM paNa varNana kare che. zyAmakeza, zyAmaveza dharAvatA yamadevano pradeza timirathI bharelo che. potAnI patnIne palakamAM laI janAra mRtyudUta pratye roSa che kavine. mRtyune kavi bhikSuka ja nahi, mahAbhikSuka kahe che. mRtyunuM dApuM roja keTaluM cukavavuM? e kavino mahattvano prazna che. kavi suMdarajI beTAI "jayotirekhA', "Indradhanu', "tulasIdala', "vizeSAMjali' ane vyaMjanA' ema pAMca kAvyasaMgraho Ape che. ne chaThTho saMgraha "sadgata caMdrazIlAne'. "Indradhanu' tathA "sadgata caMdrazIlAne' kAvyone dhIrubhAI ThAkara uttama koTinAM karuNaprazasti kAvyo gaNAve che. kavi beTAI kahe che. jIvanajharaNAM mRtyunI sImA AgaLa aTakI jatAM dekhAya, paNa e kharekhara aTakI jatAM nathI. mRtyu pAranA pradezamAM eno zAMta pravAha vahyA karavAno. "janamamaraNanA oraDA' kAvyamAM virala bhAvadarzana jovA maLe che. garbhastha avasthAnI vAta dvArA kavie haLavekathI punarapi jananuM punarapi mara-janmamaraNanA vArApherAno nirdeza karyo che. bharatavAkyamAM jIvananA pUrNavirAma tarIke "bharatavAkyano ullekha karI, jagatanI vidAya lenAra jIva sarvatra zAMti ane sukha pAme evI prArthanA kare che. vidAya letA bhAIne uddezI lakhAyelA "vidAya' kAvyamAM mRtyune ati pavitra mAnatA kavi "mRtyagaMgAno pravAha" kahI mRtyune gaMgA sAthe sarakhAve che. "indradhanu'nA pravezakanuM kharelo tAro' kAvyamAM rajanInA urathI aMdhArAmAM kharI paDato tAro, mAtAnA urathI mRtyumukhamAM sarI paDatA bALakanuM pratIka che. dasa mAsanA bALakanA avasAna nimitte lakhAyelA indradhanu' nAmanA karuNaprazasti kAvyamAM zarumAM zoka ane pachI zAMtino anubhava vyakta thayo che. potAnA sadUgata bALakane prabhuprabhAnA eka "razmi' tarIke kavi oLakhAve che. kavino mAhyalo stavI UThe che. meM mRtyuAMka mujabAlasaMge sUtela joyAM zizuo asaMkhya" paNa P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 213 janma, jIvana, mRtyumAM Adizaktino vyApaka vilAsa nihALatA kavine kAlosmi vadatA kALabhagavAnanI zaktino sAkSAtkAra pamAya che. mRtyarUpI aMjanathI mAnavanA cakSune navuM teja maLatuM hovAnuMya kavi kahe che. IzvarazraddhAnA baLe karIne pachI cittalobha osarI jAya che. kavi sarvatra mRta bALakanAM darzana kare che. zazimAM bAlamukhanuM mAdhurya, tArAomAM bALakanAM netra, jagatanAM bALakonAM hAsyamAM potAnA bALakanA oThanuM vikasana nihALI, haiyAmAM prakRtinI raMgalIlA joI zizunI harSasamRddhino kavi anubhava kare che. "mRtyunA hastathI bAla relAyo vizvamAM dise adazya thaIne pAcho | navarUpa dharI rame" mRtyue to bALakane vizvavyApI banAvI dIdho. samastamAM vyasta ne vyastamAM samasta, adaSTamAM daSTa, ne dRSTamAM adaSTano anubhava kavine thAya che. narasiMharAvanA mRtyu nimitte "vAghanAza' kAvyamAM kavi kahe che "vAgha phUTI, zIrNa, vizIrNa bane topaNa enuM virATa saMgIta AthamatuM nathI. kazAno nAza thato nathI. mAtra svarUpa badalAya che. jIvanapravAha satata vahe che. navA rUpe jIvana vilase che. e bhAva narasiMharAvanI jema beTAI paNa anubhave che. svajanamRtyu kavi daSTine vizALa banAve che. mitra ravizaMkara davenA avasAna nimitte lakhAyelA kAvyamAM paNa prakRtinAM tattvomAM thatuM mitradarzana kavinI vizALa daSTino paricaya Ape che. vilIna thayelA mitramitane chIpalAmAM teo zodhatA. sUkSma maitrIjharaNuM satata vahetuM hovAnI pratIti emane thatI. "sUkSmadarzana' nAmanA smaraNAMjali kAvyamAM paNa, sagata mitre dharelAM aneka smRtidehano kavine anubhava thayAnI vAta rajU thaI che. mitranA avasAne mohanI bhekhaDo toDI nAkhatAM sUkSmatAnuM saudarya kavine daSTigocara thAya che. ene teo bhUlavA mAgatA nathI. mRtyu pachInA pradezanI, brahmamArganA pravAsanI vAta "keDI' kAvyamAM thaI che. je mRtyune samajI zake, te eno saharSa svIkAra karI zake. ne e ja jJAnI kahevAya. AgaLa gayelA pravAsIoe kaMDArelI A keDIe jogIbhogInA bheda nathI. mRtyunI daSTie sau samAna, paNa AtmajJAnI ja mRtyune mitra banAvI zake. 19paramAM beTAIno 'vizeSAMjali saMgraha bahAra paDe che. jIvanayAtrAnA vasamApaNAne janmanI pherazikSA'mAM rUpakAtmaka rIte kavi nirUpe che. jemAM pharI na janmavAnI temanI jhaMkhanA (mukti) pragaTa thaI che. kavi janma ane mRtyune kAyAnA be "taTa' kahe che. mRtyu duHkhada na lAgatuM hovA chatAM janmanI jAgRti vacce pAchI "mRtyu chAyA kema DhALI ?' evo prazna to UThe ja che. ('pUchavuMye anaMta') atra tatra sarvatra varasatA parama zAzvata sata nA AviSkAro tarIke kavi janma ane mRtyune oLakhAve che. to bIjI bAju mRtyune sonAnI thALImAM loDhAnI mekha paNa kahe che. to vaLI lonAvAlAnA Tower of silence' joI spharelA "zAMtitIrtha' kAvyamAM kavi mRtyune "zAMtinirjharaNa' kahe che. navA janmanA AnaMdano kavi saharSa svIkAra karavA taiyAra che. ' ' "leze pragADhatama nIMdara matyanI e che ke :ne jAgazuM pharI vaLI nava janma lezuM 103 - P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S.. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 214 kavine mana janma ane mRtyu baMne suMdara che. janmamaraNacakrane kavi AnaMda ane zAMtinA anubhava tarIke oLakhAve che. patnInA bhAInA avasAna nimitte lakhAyelA "adIThasavArI' kAvyamAM yamarAjanA adazya pAzano ullekha karI kavi mRtyune "garjanazUnya siMdhu' kahe che. 'vaNanIra sAgara e paNa mRtyuno'. mRtyunI azabda zaktino paricaya to A pahelAMya putraputrInA avasAna samaye maLI cUkyo che. parama zaktinA be stanarUpa janma ane mRtyuno anubhava eka pachI eka levAno ja hoya to "DAbuMjamaNuM nA bhedane jovo nakAmo che. mRtyunI zokaprada lIlAne jJAna vaDe ja samajI zakAya, ema mAnatA kavi mRtyunA vajacakrano anubhava potAnA saMtAnonA mRtyu vakhate karI cUkyA che. "tyAM kyAMyathI dITha adITha AvI azabda zI mRtyutarI savArI" 04 paNa kavi to krAMta-dA ne tethI e adITha savArI temanI kalpanAdaSTine jarUra dekhAya, aSTa dhajA, anivAra vega ne adITha rathamAMnI e savArI, emAM ArUDha thayeluM tattva zastra ke sArathI vinAnuM.... aMdhAra ke teja kazAthI sAmano na thaI zake tevAe mRtyutattvanA pracaMDa, ekacakrI ne brahmAMDavyApI zAsanano nirdeza kavi kare che. svajanamRtyunA AghAta sAme badhuM jJAna raMka banI jatuM hovA chatAM mRtyunI anivAryatAne svIkAravI ja rahI. "mRtyuMjayo bhIkhasamAya Akhare zakyA uvekhI nahi kAladharmane" va mRtyune samajI nahi zakavAthI ja e amaMgala lAge che. naciketAne maLelA mRtyurahasyajJAnanI kavi paNa jhaMkhanA kare che. 1961mAM beTAI "tulasIdala' pragaTa kare che. "Avaje baMdhu AvajemAM kavinI janmAMtaromAMnI zraddhA pragaTa thaI che. kavi kahe che, mAnavane eka janmamAMthI bIjA janmamAM laI janArane "aMtaka' zI rIte kahevAya? dareka janmagAMThe kavine "mRtyusmAraka' dekhAya che. mRtyulIlAne kavi alaukika gaNe che. kavi potAnA janmadine bhayamukta banI mRtyumitrane AvakAravA tatpara bane che. A mRtyu kevA kevA rUpe Ave che enoya kavi sarasa citAra Ape che, kyAreka e vajaghAte Ave che, to kadika phUlanI jema komaLatAthI hAtha prasAre che. kadIka vAjate gAjatuM to kadIka coranI jema lapAtuM pAtuM Ave che. "prANAdhika ciraMjIva' sadgata putrane udezI lakhAyeluM kAvya che. jemAM sarvadizAmAM, sarvakAlamAM vyApelA mRtyunA ghora nirjala sAgarano kavi nirdeza kare che. "baLeluM pAna' pratIkAtmaka prasaMgakAvya che. baLI gayelA chatAM pratyeka rekhAe akhaMDita pAMdaDAMne potAnI nAjuka hathelImAM sAcavIne dAdAne batAvatI pautrInA hAthamAMnA e pAMdaDAne joI mRtyunI rekhAe rekhAmAM temane jIvanano Alekha dekhAya che. kavine ahiM janma maraNa saMdarbha dekhAya che. 3. "janmamAM maraNanI rekha-ne mRtyumAM janmanI rekha joyuM meM parNa e 100 e mRtyurekhamAM kavi samagra jIvanA lekha jue che. to TekA vinA UbheluM eka bAlavRkSa ("adhdhara bAlavRkSa') mRtyunI avahelanAnuM sUcaka che. jIvana to kyAM kyAM phUTI nIkaLatuM P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 215 hoya che. jIvananI suMdaratA mRtyuno vicAra sarakhoya na kare. uvekhe mRtyune zuM A phUTatuM navajIvana ullase vilase jANe saMdAnava sanAtanA 107 potAnA astitvanA sauMdarya para e evuM mustAka che ke mRtyunI to jANe ene mana aisItaisI, jIvananA saudaryano svIkAra ane mRtyuno tiraskAra karatuM eka suMdara kAvya, to "jarjaravRkSa' vaLI bhAvi mRtyunI bhItinI vAta laIne Ave che. bhekhaDe bAjhI mAMDa TakI rahelA vRkSanA citra dvArA jIrNataMta jijIviSAnuM sUcana thayuM che. motanA bhaye dhrUjI rahelI e jIrNataMtu jijIviSAne kavi nirarthaka gaNe che. janmamRtyunA be biMduono nirdeza zUnyasRSTi'mAM thayo che. janmamRtyune bAMdhatI e rekhA jANe zUnyano ja vistAra che. mRtyunI khINanA aMdhArA jANe rastAmAMya sukomaLa galInA komaLa madhura prakAzanI kavi jhaMkhanA "na jANuM kayama' ? mAM vyakta thaI che. kalpanA tathA smaraNamAM sadgata patnIno sahavAsa anubhavatA kavi mATe saddagata caMdrazIlAnI puNyatithi zrAvaNI zuklapaMcamI vasatapaMcamI banI jAya che. bhUtakALanA raMgagulAbo smaraNarUpe kavinA aMtaranI amAsane ajavALe che. ("zrAvaNI jharamara') 1908mAM janmelA ane 1991 (13 jAnyu) e avasAna pAmelA kavi suMdaram nA ghaDatarano kALa rASTrIya punarutthAnano paNa kALa hato. "koyA bhagatanI kaDavI vANI' ane garIbomAM gIta'mAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa sAmAjika karuNatAnA saMdarbhamAM thayuM che. "lADavA khavADamAM mRtyu pAchaLa thatA khoTA kharca tathA mRtyu pAmanAra tathA "mRtyunI AmanyAnA lopa paratve kavi ApaNuM dhyAna dore che. kavine mAnava astitvanuM kutUhala jarUra che. paNa sAthe sAthe jIvananA mAdhuryane motanA phAkA vaDe kema roLI nAkhyuM? e prazna satAve che. "he deza mArAmAM dezaprema mATe "amaramRtyu' varavA sajja thayela hRdayanI tathA "UTho re kAvya "motanAM teDA'nA saharSa svIkArano paricaya Ape che. "janmagAMTha'mAM (kAvyamaMgalA'). jiMdagIne ja eka pracaMDa gAMTha kahetA kavi kALanA anaMta sUtranuM ciMtana rajU kare che. ne tethI ja janmagAMThanI vAte mAnava ATalo AhalAdato kema haze, e kavi samajI nathI zakatA. e nA gaI" ("yAtrA')mAM eka nAnakaDI bALAnA avasAna saMdarbhe vyathita thayelA eka zikSakanI manovyathA ane mRtyunA krUra paMjA sAmeno Akroza vyakta thayo che. to yuvAna kavi goviMda svAmInuM mRtyu suMdaram samakSa eka praznArtha banIne Ave che. kamanIya vAsaMtI prabhAte umaMgabhera TahelavAnI manorama ghaDIe kavinI kAMdhe zaba banI caDavAnuM goviMde kema pasaMda karyuM ? e prazna kavine halabalAvI jAya che. mRtyunA daradanI davA haju koIne na jaDavAnuM kavi kabUle che. "tava nirUtarI maunane ghaTe nahi ja khaMDavuM." % kavinA manamAM eka sanAtana prazna jAge che. "caitanyano rAzi vilaya thatAM e badho aNusamucya zuM sadaMtara vilaya pAme?" sadgata mitranI sAthe agnimAM zayana karI vedanA vilopavAnuM mana thaI AveluM. paNa eya kyAM zakya che? anAdi yugathI agamya jana agni aMke zamyA chatAM nahi sajIva citta para P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 216 - aMka eke caDyA vadaMta yamarAjanI akaLa pallavInI kaLA" 09 aneka mAnavo mRtyu pAme che. bAkI rahenAranA citte AMko sarakhoya nathI paDato. yamarAjanI akaLa kalA A satya ApaNane samajAve che. "sudhA pIvI' kAvyamAM kavinI amara thavAnI anicchA vyakta thaI che. "draupadI' kAvyamAM suMdaram draupadInA viziSTa vyaktittvane zabdabaddha kare che. kurukSetranA smazAnamAM citAnA zatazaH agnine joI agnijA kaMIka vicAratI jIvananA aMte jIvananA parvata parathI mRtyunI karADamAM gabaDI paDe che. mRtyunI himALI AMdhI jIvananI uSmAne ThArI de che. "agninI duhitA kerI citA himamAM thaI" 110 vidhinI vicitratA e ke agniduhitAnI citA himAlaye thaI. "sva. paMDita nArAyaNa mo. kharane apAyelI aMjali, eka uttama kAvya che. ("kAvyamaMgalA') sadgatanAM gIto kavine, mRtyune jItavAnuM baLa pUratuM pADatAM. "aba hama amara bhaye, na mareMge'nI surAvalinA AzvAsane viyoganI kaparI vedanAo DUbI jatI ne mRtyu jAte ja jANe mRtyu pAmatuM. paMDitajInA mRtyunuM anupama divyadarzana karAvatAM pAMdaDI prabhu sAthe joDAI gayAnuM kavi jaNAve che. ahIM mRtyune suMdarame nAsatuM, bItuM, hAMphatuM pazu kahyuM che. kavi zrIdharANI ekavIsa varSanI uMmare kALagaMgAne sAme pAra birAjatA jagatanA rAjAdhirAjane paDakAra pheMke che. ne ene bAraNe kaheNa pAThavyA vinA pahoMcI javAnI tamannA vyakta kare che. aneka janmonA, cakarAvAmAM paDavA chatAM dhruva tattva na pamAyAno aphasosa ekavIsame varSe'mAM vyakta thayo che. jiMdagI ke mRtyu ekeyanuM rahasya pote jANatA na hovAnI vyathA ahIM vyakta thaI che. potAnI jAtane tulasInA choDanI sAthe sarakhAvavAmAM eka eka varSane agnidAha ApavA javAnI vAta kare che. jethI pachI mRtyuno bhaya na rahe. potAnAM varSone agnidAha ApatAM zrIdharANI kahe che. karI kaThaNa ThAThaDI zira dharI smazAne gayAM mUkyAM sakala lAkaDAM jarIka Aga vani thayo" 11 to "amRtanA uMbaramAM varavAM mota UbhAMnI vyathA vyakta thaI che. mRtyune mahAta karI zake e ja amRtane dvAra pahoMcI zake ne ? paNa kavi zrIdharANI mRtyuthI kadI DaryA na hatA. gAMdhIyuganA bhekhadhArI kavi kharA ne ? tethI to teo mRtyune "sugaMdhIvAyu" kahe che. ("mRtyune) mRtyuno sparza dhanya hovAnuM kahetA A kavi anerA adezya kAvyane gAI UThe che. kavi mRtyune suMdara karuNatA kahe che. e suMdara karuNabhAva emane gamI paNa jAya che. paNa tarata ja pAcho eka thatharAvato vicAra Ave che. "mRtyu paNa Ama je eka divasa citAmAM baLIne khAkha thaI jaze. ne to to pachI peluM karaNa saudarya naSTa thaI jAya. kavi hiMmata hArI jAya che. mRtyune baLelI jhaLelI kurUpa sthitimAM teo jovA mAgatA nathI. (bhale karuNa paNa e suMdara to hovuM ja joIe). kavi zrIdharANI mRtyune ahIM mAnavIya rUpe kaMDAre che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 217 AkAza zI nIla gabhIra AMkho uSA samA oTha suvarNa tArA sunerI e kezakalApa jhAMkho - baLI jaze dehanI teja-dhArA" 12 ne A vicAreja teo dhrUjI UThe che. "mRtyunRtyamAM kavie mRtyunA sauMdaryane varNavyuM che. prakRtinI hariyALI vacce cAlatA mRtyunA atiramya abhirAma nRtyanI kavie suMdara kalpanA karI che. dizA pArathI AvatI mRtyunI savArI jANe bheravatAnanI veNa vAya che. bulabula AvIne DALe besI jANe mRtyunRtyanI sAthe tAla ApatAM nAcatAM nAcatAM kharI paDe che. praNayasparza, sauMdarya, mAdhurya, saMgIta A badhuM mRtyu sAthe jANe anupama nRtya kare che. jIvanamAM je nRtya karyuM nA mRtyumAM e aMga maroDa 113 mRtyunI, enA nRtyanI mohinI ja evI ke badhuM ja nRtya karatuM thaI jAya. eja sUcave che ' ke jIvana karatAM mRtyu vadhu saMgItamaya che. "mRtyunI dIpakavATa'mAM kavi mRtyune pathadarzaka dIpaka sAthe sarakhAve che. jIvanano jhaLahaLato dIvo pahela vahelo je divase prakAzyo e ja divasathI meghadhanuSyanI raMgalIlAmAM ja mRtyuno premaLa sparza pamAyo che. mRtyu paNa aMtaramAM aneka aramAno laIne Ave che. "kAThiyAvADamAM sIdho mRtyusaMdarbha nathI. beeka ullekho maLe che. kRSNaprabhune maravA lAyaka deza tarIke kAThiyAvADane kavi oLakhAve che. kabare kabare sItAphaLInI chAMyA | mRtyunoMdhano madhuprameha emAM mAya" 14 kavi karasanadAsa mANeka 1935mAM "Alabela" pragaTa kare che. kAvyanAyakanI mRta patnI kyAreya pAchI AvavAnI nathI. paNa mAnava haMmeza azakyanA ja abhilASa seve che. sakhinI jhAMkhI kSaNeka thAya to badalAmAM hajAra mRtyuonI yAtanAo ne karoDo narakavyathA bhogavavA teo taiyAra che. svajanamRtyunI vedanAnI TIma potAnA jIvanane paNa satata mRtyuvAridhi tarapha prayANa karavuM anubhavAve che. (bapore ne atyAre) kavi karasanadAsa mANeke to pahelethI ja potAnA mRtyubAda koI paNa prakAranuM smAraka na racavAnuM svajano, mitrone jaNAvI dIdhuM hatuM. "kabara pUrazo nA phUlo verazo mA prazastinA phogaTa na phAtehA bhaNazo" 115 emanA mRtyubAda guNakathA, phUlaprazaMsA, prazastivacano thAya e emane pasaMda na hatuM. 1964mAM "rAma tAro dIvaDo' prakAzita thAya che. jIvana ane mRtyu judAM ke virodhI nathI. phUlanI tuM ja hari phoramamAM e vAta rajU thaI che. to mRtyunI bhISaNa majhadhAre navajIvanadAyI amRta banI pragaTavA paNa kavi prArthe che. ("uranI ekalatAmAM rAma') "mAnava mRtyune jItI le' evA kasabanI yAcanA "koI evo kasaba batAvo'mAM thaI che. jIvananI prAraMbhAvasthAmAM ja mRtyue khakhaDAvelAM emanAM kArano nirdeza karatA kavie ekalatA ane nirAdhArIno P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 218 bhAva "jIvanane joyuM pahelIvAra'mAM vyakta karyo che. premazaMkara bhaTTa 1943mAM "dharitrI' kAvyasaMgraha pragaTa kare che. "rAjesaranI derIone kAvyamAM kavie mRtyune samAnakartA rUpe varNavyuM che. kinakhAbanI jAjama para paga mUkanArA, ne zira para mugaTa ane chatrathI zobhatA mAMdhAtA, ke bhUkhyA, nagna, dInahIna sahu sAthare dhULanA samAna banI poDhatA" mRtyu pAmelI nAnakaDI dIkarIne uddezIne "uparatA" kAvya lakhAyuM. dIkarI lupta thaI nathI, evI samaja kavi aMte keLave che. koI bhavya gItamAM e bhaLI gayAnuM AzvAsana meLavatA kivi sadgata dIkarIno avAja have paMkhInA kalaravamAM sAMbhaLe che. "jIvana zuM mAM jIvananI sArthaktAno saMdarbha apAyo che. yamadADha samA jIvanajaLanI bhItaramAM paMtha bhUlelA paTakAI vidIrNa thAya, e joyA karavAmAM jIvananI dhanyatA na hovAnuM kavi kahe che. anya kAja marIne amara banI sImAcihnarUpa banavAmAM sArthaktA kavi nihALe che. devajI rA. moDhA sadgata mAne zraddhAMjali arpatAM jIvana ane mRtyunA ciMtananI vAta kare che. puSpoe kharI dhULamAM maLI javAnuM hoya tethI zuM? khIlavuM ja nahIM ? janma dhAraNa karIne marI javAnuM che. e sAcuM, paNa tethI jIvavuM nahi evuM thoDuM che? kavi moDhA mRtyune bhayAnaka chatAM spRhaNIya mAne che. potAnI jiMdagI sAthe ja janmI cUkyuM hovA chatAM e potAnI jAtane pragaTa kema karatuM nathI ? e prazna kavi "mRtyune pUche che: mRtyunI rAha jovAtI hoya, tyAre to e na ja pragaTa thAya. UlaTAnuM thIjI gayelA jIvanarasane pharIthI vahAvavA mathe. bolAvavA mAtrathI mRtyu AvatuM nathI e khabara hovA chatAM mRtyune teo AmaMtraNa to jarUra Ape che. "evA jIvanano ho jaya'mAM jIvanamAMgalyanI jayabherInA nAdane guMjArava sAthe ja zira para satata toLAyelA mRtyunA bhayanI paNa vAta kavi karI nAkhe che. jIvana anizcita, ne mRtyu nizcita hovAnuM kavi kahe che. to sAMjanA samaye sUryAsta joI kavine potAnA jIvanasUryAstano vicAra AvI jAya che. ("eka ziyALu sAMje'). bhayAnaka ne vikarALa, chatAM spRhaNIya mRtyurUpane pIvA teo adhIra banyA che. "tAruM svarUpa vikarALa pIvA bALI rahuM muja adhIra huM netradIvA". cha kavi devajI moDhAnI kavitAnuM phalaka khAsuM vistRta che. mRtyujanya virahapIDAnI kavitA to teo race ja che. paNa kalpanAdvArA, svargavAsI patnInI virahAkula dazAne paNa sacoTa rIte Alekhe che. potAnA ghera paralokathI pAchI pharelI patnI badhuM ja badalAI gayeluM jue che. evI kalpanA "pRthvI paranA ghare' kAvyamAM karavAmAM AvI che. dharA choDI koI navatara sthaLe pahoMcI gaI hoya evo anubhava karatI patnI "svargamAM ajANyA paryAvaraNamAM pheMkAI gaI hoya' evI pratIti kare che. patnInI khUba rAha joyA pachI patnI jANe ke pAchI Ave che. enuM AnaMdabharyuM kAvyamaya varNana kavi kare che. ko kesUDAM sama khAkhare AvI gayAM tame koLyAnI jeNe ANa te AMbo moryo P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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- maja arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 219 * eneya thaI zuM jANe ke AvI gayAM tame" ? 18 chelle potAnI jIvanasaMdhyAe agnideva pAse kavi tejasvI medhAnuM varadAna mAge che. jethI jIvana ane mRtyunAM rahasyo ukelI zakAya. 1982mAM moDhA "amRtA' saMgraha laIne Ave che. sadgata patnIne janmAntaranI patnI tarIke biradAvatAM kavi kahe che, bIje deha dhAraNa karI lIdhelI patnI maLe to oLakhI na zakAya. paNa patnI to emane oLakhI kADhaze evI emane zraddhA che. "jIvatA hazuM'mAM svamRtyu kalpanA rajU thaI che. potAnI sthULa hastI maTI gaI haze, paNa sUkSma to niraMtara rahevAnI. saMtatinA hAthamAM anaMta astitvanI chaDI samarpa daI kyAMka to teo jIvatA hovAnA e zraddhA jIvanatattvanA sAtatyanuM sUcana kare che. "mane amRta arpajemAM mAnavanA janma, jIvana ane mRtyu vizenA kavinA vicAro vyakta thayA che. janma ane maraNanA avirata cakrano nirdeza kavi A rIte kare che. ubhaya janma ne mRtyuno ahIM jabaradasta thAka muja sthULa A lahe" 119 ahIM amRtane pAmavAnI abhIpsA vyakta thaI che. kavi jayendrarAya dUrakALa "snehasaritA' laIne Ave che. AnaMdazaMkarabhAI A kAvyone karuNaprazasti' tarIke oLakhAve che. A kAvyo mahadaMze zoka ane karuNAnAM che. jenuM nimitta sadgata kavipatnI sau saMyuktA che. chellA "uttarAlApa' kAvyamAM zoka pachInA sthAI bhAvano anubhava jovA maLe che. zoka aMte akhaMDa lIlAmaya virATamAM tathA AnaMdamaya paramapremAspada AtmasvarUpamAM aMtahita thAya che. zoka karIneya zuM ? kAraNa e zoka vizvAtmAne to sparzavAno nahi. vaLI caitanyadhAmamAM to sadA AnaMdanA ogha ja uchaLatA hovAthI kavi zoka na karavA kahe che. kavi dezaLajI paramAra 1911mAM patnInuM avasAna thatAM saddagatAnI smRtimAM maNimaMdira' nAmano saMgraha Ape che. A ja saMgraha 1929mAM "gaurInAM gIto'ne nAme pragaTa thAya che. bIjanI kalA samI UgI ne AthamI gayelI patnIne A kAvyo arpaNa thayAM che. (lagna 1910 avasAna 1911) kavi ahIM amerikana saMta thoronA vicAro vyakta kare che. "ApaNA AptajananA anaMta viyoga karatAM bhavya ghaTanA bIjI koI nathI" sAnta ane anaMtanA sAcA arthabhedano anubhava thayAnuM kavi noMdha che. 1954mAM kavi "uttarAyana" saMgraha Ape che. "Ahuti'mAM mRtyubhArathI jhUratA uranI hRdayavyathA vyakta thaI che. mRtyu aMgenuM vibhISikAyukta citra ahIM rajU thayuM che. pASANanAM cakSu dharAvato yamadUta sadA, samIpamAM raheto hovAnuM kavi kahe che. "pASANacAvat A yamadUta krUra sadA samIpa" 120 hovAnuM kavi kahe che. kharI paDatI lIMboLI ('pAkI lIMboLI) joI kRtAntanA pagabhAra P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 220 nIce mAnava paNa Ama ja eka divasa cagadAI javAnA vAstavane yAda karI mRtyune "rUDAM karma' tarIke oLakhAve che. mRtyuno asavAramAM mRtyu mAnava para nahi, paNa mAnava mRtyu para asavAra thato hoya evI kalpanA karI che. "akALa maraze mRtyu mAruM' kahetA kAvyanAyaka mRtyunA maraNanI ciMtA kare che. 1935mAM pragaTa thayelA 2. va. desAInA "nihArikA' kAvyasaMgrahanA nihArikA' kAvyamAM devayoni sAthe gUMthAyelI janmamaraNanI jALano nirdeza kavie karyo che. timira ane tejanA mahAtattva ane janmamRtyunA karAla sattvamAM mAnavanI nAva ghUmatI hovAnuM kavi kahe che. vIronA vIratvane biradAvatI vakhate kavi "mRtyune panotA atithi' tarIke oLakhAve che. mRtyu dvArA pIsAtA jIvane joI jemanuM hRdaya valovAI gayuM che evA buddha paNa kahe che. ("buddhano gRhatyAga') "motanA kUra paMjAne Avato koI rokI zakatuM nathI. paNa jyAM sudhI zakya hoya tyAM sudhI sau motane AdhuM ThelavA satata prayatnazIla rahe che. buddha nimitte kavi ahIM jIvanamRtyunA gahana prazno chede che. "jIvana mRtyu mATe ghaDAyuM che? ke pachI mRtyu anya koI vizALa jIvananI khulanArI gavAkSa che?' "ko ko vyApyA jIvanajalamAM mRtyu vizrAmaghATamAM" 121 ne jo kharekhara mRtyu vizrAmaghATa hoya to pachI A apAra pIDA zAnI ? maraNanI pIDA TALI zakAya evo koI upAya kharo ? evo prazna paNa kavi kare che. ne badho bhaya tyajI buddha mRtyunI kAlabhairI suNavA kAruNyanA kaMpana sAthe nIkaLI paDe che. samasta mRtyune ujALavA tatpara bane che. to "AkharI salAma' kAvyamAM kavi 2. va. desAI mRtyune jIvana nATakanA priya aMka tarIke oLakhAve che. mRtyunA priya khoLAmAM ArAma ane sukhapUrvaka suvAnuM kavi kahe che. aNadIThA pradezamAM prayANa karavAno AnaMda hovAthI svajanone azrubiMdu na vahAvavA kAvyanAyaka vinaMti kare che. 1959mAM 2. va. desAIno "zamaNAM' kAvyasaMgraha emanA avasAna bAda pragaTa thAya che. "mahAkAlane' kAvyamAM kavi mRtyue jIvanane karelA cuMbananI vAta kare che. "sahumAM sahu maLI jIvanano ho divya rAsa rame aho mRtyu jIvana cUme" 122 priyajanasamuM mRtyu jIvanane prema karavA cUmavA AvatuM hovAthI kavi kahe che je sUcave che ke mRtyu jIvanavirodhI nathI, to "pralaya" kAvya sarvatra mRtyu jAgyAnI vAta kare che. - maganalAla bhUdharabhAI paTele (patIla) 1940mAM "prabhAtanarmadAnuM prakAzana karyuM. aMgrejI 'darja parathI racelA khUbasUratInuM maraNa' begama thanAra strInI kabara para gulamahoranAM guccha arpaNa karato kAvyanAyaka e strInA mRtyune khUbasUratInuM maraNa' kahe che. "khapanA dilAsA zA'mAM kaTAkSa sAthe vAstaviktAno nirdeza karAyo che. jIvatAMnI kadara na karanArane uddezI kavi mRtyune ujavavAno tamAzo karavAnI nA pADe che. jenI nikaTa haMmeza mRtyudIvo Ubho che, evI jiMdagIne kavi "pataMgavata gaNAve che. jiMdagInuM pataMgiyuM ghaDIkamAM mRtyudIvAmAM cacaDI maravAnuM. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 221 lInA maMgaladAse dIkarI kalpanAnA avasAna nimitte racelA "kalpanA' kAvyamAM mRtyu viSe ciMtana pragaTa karyuM che. lekhikA vicAre che "marelAMnI pAchaLa raDanArAM ame paNa maravAnAM. koNa raDI zake?' kone kAje "kIsA gautamInI mUThI rAI koI pAse na hatI"23 mRtyunA anubhave lekhikAnA darpanA cUrecUrA thaI gayA. mRtyu ahaMkArane ogALI nAkhe che. lekhikA kahe che "mRtyu akasmAta nathI, jIvana akasmAta che. mRtyuno bharoso che, jIvanano nathI. 1959mAM chapAtA "ghaDiyALa' kAvyamAM lekhikA mRtyunI viruddha eTale ke thanaganatA jIvananI caitanyanI vAta kare che. ghaDiyALa cAle che. kALakrame sukha nahIM, duHkheya nahIM - paNa jaDatA-mUDhatA ane jIvanano aMta" 24 manuSya iSTadeva pAse sadeva amaratva, prAdhyuM che. potAnI jAtane, vizvane TakAvI rAkhavAnI bhAvanA jIvamAtramAM rahelI che. lekhikA kahe che sthitinI kAyamatAmAM nahIM, paNa parivartanamAM amaratva dekhI zakAya to duHkha rahe kharuM? kavayitrI kahe che . "A kAyA vAMsaLI jevI che : temAM zvAsa purAya che tyAM sudhI sUra nIkaLe che" 25 cinAranuM pAna' pratIkAtmaka kAvya che. putrI kalpanAnA mRtyusaMdarbhanuM smaraNa? gaI kAlanA vaMToLamAM UDI jaI sukAI kharI paDeluM cinAranuM pAna jhADanI DALIe pharI vaLagavA cAhe to e vaLagI zake? kavayitrI mAnavamAtrane "vaTemArgu' kahe che. khIlavuM, kharavuM punarapi maraNano Adeza ApI jAya che. 1966mAM lInA maMgaladAsa "UDatAM bIja pragaTa kare che. bhAMgelI vRddha jaDamAM janmelI vasaMtanI navI kUMpaLamAM marelA jIvatA thayAno camatkAra joyo. navasarjana, punarjIvanano krama? kavayitrI rastA paranA ekeeka mukhamAM sadUgata dIkarInA mukhane zodhavA prayAsa kare che. bilADIne joI kakaLatA lelAne nihALI kavayitrI billIne DAMga vaDe mAravA doDe che. pachI vicAre che lelAnuM bhakSaNa pataMgiyuM billInuM bhakSaNa leluM huM paNa te eka pataMgiyA jema ja mRtyunuM bhakSaNa" 12 padmapatra para jhabakatAM sarakatAM jalabiMdu joI bhAvavibhora thayelAM kavayitrInuM mana raDatuM hatuM. "o suMdara ghaDI tuM jaIza mA' ane padmapatra paranAM tarala jalabiMdu ane Dhagalo thaI verAI paDelI padmapAMdaDIo kahetI hatI. A sarva javAnuM ja che paNa je javAnuM che, te tathyanA sauMdaryane tuM pAmI le, pAmI le" The soul' mAM kavayitrI kahe che The soul has no colour.. ne chatAM svajanamRtyu hRdayane halabalAvI jAya che. tethI ja to kavayitrI kahe che "kALanA yugayugAntara pAse to P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 222 badhuM "akALe' ja kahevAya, ne bALakI eka kalAkamAM gaI. ramatI, bolatI, bheTatI, hasatI gaI. eka kSaNa, eka yuga, eka varSa e ApaNA mananI kalpanA, mRtyu poteja kALa che. akALa nahi. mRtyu akasmAta nahi, jIvana akasmAta che. mRtyuno bharoso che. jIvanano nahi. ghaDiyALane teo zarIranuM pratIka gaNe che. TikaTika dhabakAra dhvani, caitanya pratIka. ( hasita bUcanA "sAnnidhya" saMgrahamAM "rahyA na gAMdhI' kAvyamAM kavi kahe che. mahAvibhUtio mATe to mRtyu pote akhaMDa dhAre amRta varasAve che. mRtyunA divya hastano ahIM nirdeza karAyo che. mRtyu pote e vibhUtine laI jatAM dhanya banyAnuM kavi kahe che. ne chatAM mRtyu e mRtyu ja che. gAMdhI have nathI. e satya kSaNe kSaNe kaThe che. sadgata mAne aMjali ApatAM kavi hasita bUca kahe che "aMtano zoka na hoya", "mRtyune raDavuM na ghaTe e samajavA chatAM mA vinAno oraDo sUno anubhavAya che. ne AvuM ja pitAnA avasAna saMdarbhe bane che. "tame cho nA have, e ja satya bIjuM badhuM chala'. mRtyu ane jIvananA sahasaMcAramAM ja Rta hovAnuM kavi kahe che. baMnene vikhUTAM pADI eno marma na pAmI zakAya. mRtyu to UlaTuM dvAre dvAre jIvana vahetuM kare. tethI ja pitAnI bhasma ke asthi joI kavi vilApa karavA mAgatA nathI. 1987mAM hasita bUcano kAvyasaMgraha "occhava" pragaTa thAya che. janmane teo musApharI, khepa, tarIke oLakhAve che. jagata eka DALa - visAmo, mAnavapaMkhI Ave, kUje, UDI jAya, ne pachI DALa (svajana) dhrujyA kare jhUryA kare. to motanI vAstaviktA pratye dhyAna doratAM "mota aphara che judI saphara che." kahI AkhI duniyAe motanI adaba bharavI paDatI hovAnA satyane pragaTa kare che. IzvaranA temaja mRtyunA maunane kavi "panotuM' kahe che. saMvedanA'nA kavi naMdakumAra pAThaka maraNa pachI paNa jIvana hovAnuM kabUle che. prANahAraka kALa ja pAcho zAzvata cetana paNa Ape che. "jagatAta'mAM kavi karmayogano mahimA gAya che. karmayoga karatAM mRtyu pamAya to ene kavi zreSTha gaNe che. "TANuM' kAvyamAM jIvanano utsAha gavAyo che. paNa mRtyunI vismRti nathI. joke paramajIvananI vAto, vicAra, ne dalIlane kavi nakAmA gaNe che. mRtyunuM smaraNa rAkhIne jIvanano AnaMda mANavAnI kavi vAta kare che. 'lyusInuM gItamAM kavi jazabhAI kA. paTela yamane "niSphara' kahe che. 'Virtue nAmanA kAvyanA anuvAda "AtmA'mAM zarIranI kSaNabhaMguratA tathA mAnavanI mayatAno nirdeza thayo che. kavi kahe che zItala, mITho, prakAzamAna jIvanadIpa eka rAtrie bujhAI javAno. mAnavanA motanI apharatAnI vAta karAI che. kavi nalina maNizaMkara bhaTTa "kamalasaMdeza' kAvyamAM "mRtyu jIvanano jarUrI aMta hoya to vilApane nirarthaka gaNyo che. kavi nalina bhaTTa sauMdaryane "avinAzI' gaNAve che. mAtra eka ja divasa ane rAta janmIne jIvI janAra bhramaranI smRtimAM AyuSyanI anaMtatA rahI hovAnuM kavi mAne che. to mRta priyAnI zodha karato kAvyanAyaka mRtyuneja uddezI kahe che. "kyAM chupAvyAM maraNa | vada ne asthizeSo priyAnAM 20 mRtyu para priyAnA asthizeSa chupAvyAno AkSepa karAyo che. "maraNa' kAvyamAM AtmAnI P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 223 zAzvatatA mRtyu tathA enA svarUpanI carcA kare che. "mRtyune nathI mRtyu zuM? maraNa pahelAM zuM haze? mRtyune jagatasaudarya mANavAno zo adhikAra che?" vagere prazno kavinA manamAM udabhave che. "mRtyunA parihArya to janmavuM ethI zI moTI pIDA? zuM maraNa eka adhyAsa ja kevaLa ?" 28 mRtyunA svarUpa, sthiti ane pratyAghAto vizenuM ciMtana "bhayanivAraNa' kAvyamAM kavi nalina bhaTTa Ape che. mRtyunI anivAryatA, janmamaraNano anAdi krama, amRtatva para maraNanuM AvaraNa vagere ne DahApaNavALI vyakti pichAnatI hovAnuM kavi kahe che. ne tethI ja tevI vyaktio mRtyune hasI kADhe che. peluM amRtatva mRtyunA svarUpanI hAMsI uDAve che. motane kavi mAnavanA hitakArI mitra tarIke oLakhAve che. "anAra' khaMDakAvyamAM priyatamanA madhura smaraNa sAthe maraNano svIkAra karavAnuM iSTa mAnatI, mRtyu pachI ja kharA jIvananI zarUAtamAMnI anAranI zraddhA kavinA ja vicAronuM pratibiMba che. anArane kavie, e mitrane maLavA jatI hoya ema mRtyune maLavA jatI varNavI che. je mRtyu paratvenI nirbhayatAnuM sUcana kare che. goviMda ha. paTela 1937mAM "tapovana' nAmanuM kAvya Ape che. "astitva mAtrano, zAsaka yama ke atula zaktimaya prema ?' A praznanA uttara tarIke A kAvyane zAMtilAla ThAkara oLakhAve che. yamanA svarUpanI kalpanA kavie A rIte karI che. "prasAratuM ojasa mukhakendra, zarIra konuM najare jaNAya? surakata che vastra, surakata AMkha, saMmukha ze e kara thAya pAza" 129 yamanI bhayaMkaratAnuM varNana bhayAnaka rasanuM jvalaMta udAharaNa che. ke udbhavyuM kAjaLakUpathI zuM, nA mUrta to durjana uranuM zuM?" 130 yamanA prAgaTyanuM varNana adabhuta che. jaLabhareluM vAdaLa vIjaLI cIrI nAkhe, e rIte yamarAja AkAza bhedIne potAnA patinA prANa haravA Ave che, e jANavA chatAM emanuM svAgata sAvitrI mohaka ane vinayazIla vANIthI kare che. sau prathama to pUjyapAda rUpe e yamane vaMdana kare che. yamadeve jAte AvavAno zrama zuM lIdho? evo mArmika prazna sAvitrI pUche che. sAvitrIne yama sAthe mitratA karavI Avazyaka lAgI. yamanAM caraNane dhovA ubharAtA sAvitrInA azrujaLanuM varNana kavie sarasa karyuM che. yama potAne manuSyanA zubhAzubha karmanAM phaLa ApanAra nimitta tarIke oLakhAve che. vizvajano jene praNAme evI sAvitrIne yama patibhaktinI anerI pratimA tarIke biradAve che. paNa sAthe sAthe mRtyunA hAthamAMthI koI pAchuM na AvyAno sanAtanakrama paNa samajAve che. paNa brahmarUpiNI tanayA sAvitrI mRtyune jItI jAya che. ne yama pratye ahobhAva vyakta kare che. yama kAlAtIta che. tethI vaheluM ke moDuM evo prazna yamane mATe na hoya. yamanA zarIrano varNa zyAma che. temanuM teja zyAma mukhAkRtimAMthI bahAra prasaratAM suMdara lAge che. sAvitrInAM vastro para prasaratAM aMdhakArano e nAza kare che. mRtyunA svarUpane samajI zakanAra sAvitrI satyavAnanA sthaLa zarIranA nAzane na ja gaNakAre. ene mana to sUkSma sAnnidhya ja sarvoparI" P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 224 kavi goviMda ha. paTele potAnA "guru goviMdasiMha' kAvyane "mahAkAvya' tarIke oLakhAvyuM che. (1/3/45) temaNe "guruputronAM mRtyune temaja "gurunI mahAsamAdhino prasaMga suMdara rIte varNavyo che. "avyakta mRtyuphaLa vyakta jema grahe arinA gurubANaprANa dehe jarA vyAdhi vasela mota saMbaMdha sAthe nivase viyoga". dehanI maraNavazatAne samajI zakanAra suputro hamezAM maraNa sAthe khelanArA ja hoya. patro sahita mAne mArI nAkhavAnI dhamakIthI teo DaratA nathI. bALako khumArIpUrvaka javAba ApatAM kahe che vapu to gRha che zarIrane gRhavAsI cira, nAza aMgane" 132 musalamAno zuM maraNa pAmatAM nathI? evo prazna karI bALako saharSa maravA taiyAra thAya che. maratI vakhate kamaLa samAna nayano baMdha thAya che. saheja aMtarmukha bane che teo. aMtima samaye dIpa vadhu jhage, zarIra bhale bakholamAM samAyAM, ura to akAlamAM vihare che. "pratipadA'nA kavi goviMda svAmI mRtyu cIsane ura ThAratI kahe che. mRtyune jIvatara jevuM mIThuM paNa e kahe che. ('saMdhyAkALe') sUryAstanuM kavie ahIM pratIkAtmaka varNana karyuM che. ( hara jivatarasamuM mRtyu mIThuM kazuM ravine varelI, nA kabara paNa zI zukrI phUle sapheda sudhI rahe" 133 zUnya banI bhavaraNamAM AthaDatA kAvyanAyaka jhiMdAdilIthI jIvatAM jIvatAM "madhura maraNa" pAmavAnI jhaMkhanA seve che. "hRdayagamatA paMthe jhiMdAdile . . nita jIvatA ' maraNa madhuruM pAmuM, jhaMkhI rahyo, basa Aja o34 kavi ramaNika arAlavALA agnine adaya kahe che kAraNa eNe ja to mAne bhasmIbhUta karI hatI. kavi vicAre che "baLatA jIvana karatAM zILuM mRtyu hitakara" ke sureza gAMdhI 1944mAM "varadAna' saMgraha pragaTa kare che. "mRtyupagalI' kAvyamAM mRtyupagalIe ardhavikasita pAMkhaDIne chedI nAkhyAnI vyathA pragaTa thaI che. jIvananI saudaryasugaMdha temaja saMgItanI madhuratAne mRtyu naSTa karI nAkhe che, ema kavine lAge che. to mRtyubhayamAM kAvyanAyakanI nirbhayatA zabdabaddha banI che. mRtyuno emane Dara nathI, paNa e saumyarUpe Ave evI emanI jhaMkhanA che. jIvanadIpanI othe, kAvyanAyaka potAnAM kAryo pUrAM kare tyAre dhImA page azAMta rAtrie AvIne jIvanapradIpa olavI jaze e kavine khabara che. - kavi mInu desAI jIvananI eka karuNa dhanyatAe nimiSa' mAtramAM kAvyo sarje che. satyaniSTha sokreTIsa'mAM svArpaNamaMtra tathA mRtyu pAmavAnI khumArI vyakta thayAM che. motanI sajAnI rAjayAjJA sAMbhaLI emaNe bALakasamuM mukta hAsya relAveluM. bAhya vinAzane teo P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 225 vinAza gaNatA ja nathI. "dhUrta sRSTi tyajI' satya bhaNInA prayAsane "mRtyunuM nAma zI rIte apAya ? - mukuMdarAya vijayazaMkara paTTaNI 1941mAM "saMskRti' nAmano kAvyasaMgraha pragaTa kare che. 'karmaNya' kAvyamAM kALanI raudratAnI tathA jIvananI kSaNabhaMguratAnI vAta karI che. kavi kahe che, kALanI gatine oLakhanAra mRtyu samaye duHkha pAmato nathI. mRtyu-gadvare Age dhapatA mAnavane mATe AgaLa jatAM mRtyu poteja Teko banI raheze, evI zraddhA ahIM apAI che. 'citralekhA'nA kavi ramaNa vakIla mRtyu pachInA pradezane ghora vasamA vijana pradeza tarIke oLakhAve che. kAraNa mRtyu pachInA e pradezamAM pachI nayana bharIne nadI ke sUrya, caMdra, paMkhI jovA nahi maLe. mIThuM jharaNa nahi maLe. tarughaTA ke parvatanI mohinI tyAM nahi hoya. "sainikanI samAdhi' kAvyamAM eka karuNa vAstavanI kavi ramaNa vakIla vAta kare che. mRta sainikone vasaMtanA paMkhIgaNonAM gIto jagADI zake ema nathI. snehIjanonAM du:khasmaraNo emane sparzatAM nathI. sva. bahena zrImatInI gadya ane padyakRtiono maraNottara saMgraha "abhilASa" 1945mAM pragaTa thAya che. potAnI prabhAvaMtI jyota phelAvI paLamAM adazya thaI jatAM svajanonA zokamAM sau jhUratA hovAnuM kavayitrI kahe che. bhAI (goviMdabhAI)nA avasAna samaye vyathita thayelAM kavayitrI yamarAja pratye potAno Akroza ThAlave che. kALA yamarAja' kahI teo yamarAjane dhikkAre che. "mRtyune kAvyamAM kavayitrI svamRtyukalpanA karIne aMgata sakhIne potAne yAda karI nayana lAla karI bhIMjavavAnI nA pADI mAtra phUlapAMkhaDI arpavA vinave che. 1946mAM "padyaparAga' nAmano kAvyasaMgraha prakaTa karanAra kezava ha. zeTha "jiMdagInI jyota'mAM jIvananA mahimAne barabAda na karavAnuM sUcave che. motanI phariyAda karavAnI nA pADe che. "punarjanma'mAM punarjanmano mahimA samajAvI punarjanmamAM sukha hovAnuM kavi kahe che. svarganI aTArIno moha na dharAvatA kavi vrajanI veLamAM punarjanma jhaMkhe che. kavi kusumAkarano kAvyasaMgraha 13/8/63nA roja emanA saMtAno kavinA avasAna bAda pragaTa kare che. ("svapnavasaMta') caMdranI jema laya pAmatA AyuSyanI sabhAnatA dharAvatA kavi, emanA mRtyu bAda, khAlI hIMcako joI, AMsu na sAravA svajanone prArthe che. 'tejachAyA' nAmanA nAnakaDA muktakamAM mRtyunI pUMThamAMye sohI rahelI jiMdagInA sauMdaryano mahimA kavie gAyo che. kavine mRtyunI kAlimAnI chAyamAM navI jiMdagInA aMkuranI lAlimA dekhAya che. kavi kusumAkaranA "prArthanA' kAvyamAM rA. vi. pAThakanA "prabhu jIvana de' kAvyano dhvani saMbhaLAya che. "madhu mRtyu taNA amRta de kahetA kavi mRtyu paNa amRtasamuM vAMche che. "mAnasI hasIne' kAvyamAM jIvanane svapna ane bubuTsamuM gaNAve che. ne mRtyunI karAla chAyAne akhaMDa ovArA kahe che. muralI ThAkura ('saphara ane bIjAM kAvyo') "sapharamAM maraNa na Ave tyAM sudhI jIvanasAgaranI sapharanI anivAryatAno nirdeza kare che. "mazANa' kAvyamAM mazANa joI kAvyanAyakane sadgata svajanonI yAdanAM tAMDava dekhAya che. chatAM kavi smazAnabhUmine vaMde che. tyAM virala zAMtino anubhava teo pAmatA. jayamanagaurI pAThakajInA "tejachAyA' saMgrahanAM kAvyono pradhAna sUra kamanIya, karuNa P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 226 madhura che. svajane mRtyu vairAgya janmAve, maranAranI pAchaLa javAnA vicAro Ave, smaraNo vedanA Ape. "pitRvaMdanA'mAM pitAnA mRtyuthI prApta thayela viSAdamRtinA saMdarbhamAM pro. goviMdabhAI paTele keTaluMka mRtyaciMtana ApyuM che. kavi mAne che ke "vilaya to mAtra sthaLano ja thAya che havAmAMya pitRsmRtinAM tIvra, mRdu, maMdra AMdolano, laghuka vartulo racatAM ne anatamAM vyApI jatAM, sUkSmarUpe aMtaramAM pitAno zAzvata vAsa anubhavatA kavi, pitA nahi paraMtu svayaM mRtyu poDhI gayAnuM kahe che. "ane maraNa sejamAM, vikaLatAbharyuM chobhIluM thaI kaLatara, svayaM zithila mRtyu poDhI gayuM"135 goviMdabhAI paTele "mAtRvaMdanA' kAvya paNa lakhyuM che. mAnA avasAna pachI sthULa dehe na dekhAtAM mAne sUkSma dehe, AMkho mIMcI, aMtaramAM jovAno prayatna karyo che. "deha naSTa thAya, sneha nahIM, parama caitanya rUpe sakaLa tattvomAM e sadA vilase." paNe tulasI choDathI vahatI gaMdha konI phUTI ? * kilola karI rahetuM koNa tara, vela, ne patramAM ?" * paNa chellI vakhate mA evuM UMdhI gaI ne cetanA zarIra tyajI kyAMka sarakI gaI, ne peluM sthULa jalI jaI vibhUti' banI rahyuM. nAnI bALakInA avasAna nimitte lakhAyelA "sagata manISAne' kAvyamAM potAnI mRta putrI jANe nAnI jayotisvarUpa banI nirmohI zI nijatvane prakAzatI mauna rahyAM rahyAM prakAzane dATI zakAya zuM kadI' ? evo prazna pUchI na rahI hoya ? evI anubhUti kavipitAne thAya che. durgeza zukla 1949mAM jhaMkRti' kAvya-saMgraha pragaTa kare che. pitA zivazaMkara zuklane aMjali ApatAM kavi ("bIlIpatra') vRtAMtanI sUMkane "karAla' kahe che. prajArAma "aMjali' kAvyamAM amRtanI aMjalinA chaMTakAvanA anubhavanI vAta kare che. - "aNadhAryuM Abha thakI DhoLAyuM aMga para rUpa hase, koNa jANe konuM ?" 137 AtmAnI aMdara DokiyuM karanAra tapasvI cittane satata koI rU5 hasatuM DhoLAtuM anubhavAya che. amRtanI zodha karavI nathI paDatI, amRta pote ja mAnavanI hayAtI daramyAna ja ene zodhatuM Ave. jyAM pachI bAhya rIte zarIrathI mRtyu pAmavAnI pratIkSA karavAnI paNa jarUra rahetI nathI. "phiksa' kAvyamAM mAnavanA jIvanatattvanI zAzvatatAno nirdeza karAyo che. eTale ke deha naSTa thAya che. jIvanatattva nahi. jIvananuM e phikasa pakSI rAkhamAMthI, mRtyumAMthI pAchuM pharI UbhuM thAya che. to "yAtrAvirAma'mAM sAMketika rIte jIvanayAtrAnA virAmanI, mRtyunI vAta kahevAI che. zrI araviMdanA kAvyanA A bhAvAnuvAdamAM pradoSanA oLAnI vAta dvArA mRtyunI vAta sAMketika rIte varNavAI che. mRtyu pachInA vizALa caitanyAnubhavane ahiM vAcA apAI che. "buddhanAM nayanamAM buddhanA caritra dvArA janma, jIvana, maraNanAM saMdarbho vaNAyA che. mRtyu e roganuM nahi paNa Asakti ane vAsanA, tRSNAnuM pariNAma hovAnuM buddha satata kaheluM, eka ja maraNane joyuM ne buddha amRtanI zodhamAM nIkaLI paDyA hatA. jIvana pUruM thavAnI taiyArImAM hoya tyAre badhuM ja koka mahAzAMtimAM P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

Page #228
arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 227 vilAtuM, viramatuM jaNAya e vAta kavi "DhaLe dina'mAM kAvyamaya bhASAmAM vyakta kare che. vilIna jayama zarkarA madhura kSIramAMhI thatI vasAya, dinadvAra, rAta nija kholatI bAraNAM" 138 ahIM dina jIvananuM ne rAtri mRtyunuM pratIka banIne Ave che. jIvanano divasa thAkIne sUI jAya tyAre "khIlI UThatI nizA jAgRta'. - mRtyune kavi prajArAma murajhAvAnI nahi, khIlavAnI prakriyA kahe che. jIvana karatAMya vadhu jAgRta, prazAMta rAtrino udaya thatAM, mRtyu samIpa AvatAM kavi sRSTinuM koka navuM ja rUpa nIrakhe che. "noLavela' kAvyamAM paNa e ja divya anubhUtino saMsparza jovA maLe che. kavinI hRdayaguhAmAM koka amRtamaya tattva noLavela' banIne beThuM hovAno anubhava teo kare che. A amRtasya putrane jIvananI samAptine aMte amRta pIvAnI icchA che. 1963mAM prajArAma "nAndI" laIne Ave che. prajArAmanAM kAvyomAM pratIkAtmaka rIte saMdhyAno nirdeza avAranavAra Ave che. "saMdhyA name'mAM saMdhyAnI aMtima avasthA jIvananI aMtima avasthAnuM sUcana banI rahe che. saMdhyA samaye jema peluM bAhyarUpa poDhI jAya che, tema jIvana pUruM thatA paNa bAhyarUpa poDhI jAya che. ne AMtara-cetanA pelI parama cetanA sAthe maLI jAya che. zarIranA pAMca mahAbhUto bAhya, virATa, vizALa paMcamahAbhUto sAthe milana sAdhavA utsuka bane che. "sudUranI AratI'mAM paNa paramatattvanA teDAno ja saMketa che. "aho samaya'mAM samayanA sarakavA sAthe thanArA madhura milananI AnaMdabhera kavi vAta kare che. mRtyu dvArA thatI jIvanasamApti ja parama tattva sAthenA madhura milananI paLane vadhu najIka lAvI zake. prajArAme vivekAnaMdanAM kAvyono anuvAda karyo che. "mA kAlIne bhayAnaka motanA Agamana sAthe sarakhAvavAmAM AvyuM che. mRtyune mitra banAvanArane mAnA darzana thatAM hovAnuM kavi kahe che. to saMnyAsIne kavi jIvana ane maraNanA sAkSI tarIke oLakhAve che. e vimuktAtmAo karma khUTatAM mukta thaI jAya che. punarapi janma dhAraNa karatA nathI. prajArAme zrI araviMdanAM kAvyonA anuvAda paNa karyA che. "ajJAnamAM AtmAmAM AtmAne enI mRtyu-vimuktatA jANI levAno anurodha karyo che. kAla, samayathI para banI amaryamAM punaH sthita thavAnuM paNa ene sUcana karAyuM che. "rUpAMtara'mAM AtmAnA laya sAthe astitvanA gUMthAyelA ekatArAnI vAta kavinA aMgomAM divyabaLa bharI de che. kavi kahe che prANa dhArI-zarIrane IzanuM ja nimitta kAraNa mAnatA zrI araviMdane kyAreya indriyanI sAMkaLI jALa naDI na hatI. 'devanuM karma'mAM jIvana ane mRtyunA dvAro vacce athaDAtA mAnavatI karuNatA vyakta thaI che. mAnava janmanA dRDha baMdhana soMsaro UtarI AtmAmAM muktinI jhaMkhanA jagADe che. - kavi sAlika popaTiyA rara10/paranA roja (janma 21/8/27) udAsIthI nItarato kAvyasaMgraha "nayanadhArA' Ape che. "cAra dina"mAM jIvananI kSaNabhaMguratA dvArA parokSa rIte mRtyunI anivAryatAno nirdeza thayo che. mRtyune koI jItI na zakyAnuM ya kavi mAne che. gayelA AkharI zvAso koI pAchA lAvI zakatuM nathI. e vAstavathI kavi sabhAna che. dUra pAnakharanA AgamananI vAstavikatAno paNa teo svIkAra kare che. tema chatAM AtmAnI P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

Page #229
arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 228 amaratAno kavi avazya mahimA gAya che. "AMkho bIDAI jaze'mAM paNa sAlike mRtyunI anivAryatAno saMdarbha gUMcyo che. deha mATImAM maLI javAno hovAthI dehanA zaNagArane kavi nirarthaka gaNe che. khAkanA aMbAra para majhAranI jarUra kavi jatA nathI. ("enA ja vicAro zA mATe?) dehanAM baMdhanamAMthI AtmAne mRtyu ja choDAvI zake. sAlika popaTiyAe rUbAIta paNa ApI che. jemAM nAnA muktaka jevI kavitA saMgrahAI che. "zAna pAmyo'mAM anubhavelA apamAnanI vyathAne vAcA ApatAM mRtyuno mahimA gavAyo che. jagata choDI javAnI paLa Ave che tyAre samajAya che ke jiMdagAnI mota mATe ja maLI hatI. zAMtithI poDhelI acetana kAya para kaMdana na karavA kavi sUcave che. "nahIM nahIM'mAM kAvyanAyaka emanA mRtyu bAda attara na lagAvavA, phUlonI cAdara na oDhADavA ne kabaramAM emano AtmA taDape tyAre AMsu paNa na vahAvavA vinave che. to "mAgaNI' kAvyamAM maranAra vyakti potAnI lAgaNI na dubhavavA premIjanane vinave che. 1974mAM hasamukha maDhIvALA "yaralava' saMgraha pragaTa kare che. "masta phakIra' kAvyamAM jIvana karatAM mRtyuno vizeSa mahimA gAtA A kavi kahe che "mane mRtyu lAge adhikatara vhAluM jIvanathI" (pR. 13yaralava) jIvananI khullI AMkhanA darzanane kavi sImita gaNAve che. mRtyu thatAM AMkha bIDAya, bIDAyelI AMkhe darzana vadhu madhurAM thatAM hovAnI vAta mRtyunI madhuratAne sparze che. maraNane teo mastaphakIra' tarIke oLakhAve che. "nanAmI A mArI'mAM kavi potAnA mRtyunI vAta kare che. svajano emanI kAMdhe potAnuM mRtazarIra laI jaI rahyAnI teo kalpanA kare che. nanAmImAM poDhelA cetanahIna cakho jANe maraNa pachInA potAnA jIvanane nihALI rahyA hoya evuM lAge che. hasamukha maDhIvALA 1956mAM AzleSa' kAvyasaMgraha pragaTa kare che. A saMgrahamAM aMjali kAvyo ThIkaThIka pramANamAM che. kavi kahe che "thayuM na thayuM, banavAnuM nathI, to pachI " "mRtyu aMge mithyA rudana zAne?" vIsa varSanA putrane gumAvanAra DosAnA A zabdoe kavine jIvanamAM maraNanA mUlyane pAmatAM zIkhavyuM che. keDI'nA kavi bAdarAyaNa mRtyunA mArgane "tejano mArga kahe che. narasiMharAvanA avasAna nimitte racelA "tejane mAraga' kAvyamAM jIvanano tyAga karI sanAtana bhavya jIvanamAM prayANa karatA AtmAne "ore pravAsI'nuM saMbodhana kavi kare che. mRtyunA astittvanA InkArano saMdarbha kavi ahIM TAMke che. bAdarAyaNa maraNane mAtra "sthitibheda' kahe che. je vastutaH AtmAnuM unnata dazA bhaNI prayANa ja che. "smaraNone vidAya' nirlepatAnuM kAvya che. svajanonAM maraNa pachI smaraNonI Asakti paNa zA mATe ? to "prakRtinuM gIta'mAM parokSa rIte janmamaraNacakra nirdezAyAM che. "apUrNa zodha'mAM kavi bAdarAyaNa sUkSma sauMdaryanI zAzvata vAMchanAno nirdeza kare che. sthULa dehanA vilaya sAthe e vAMchanA zamatI nathI. anya janmamAM paNa e evI ne evI rahe che. "narasiMharAvanA avasAna nimitte lakhAyelA gAnavirAma' kAvyamAM narasiMharAvanA mRtyaciMtanane kavi yAda kare che. mAnava-jIvana pUrvAlApa pachInuM sUkSma jIvana te uttarAlApa. gAna kadI virAma pAmatuM nathI. akhaMDaakSara jIvana avyaktanA gAnamAM satata vahetuM rahe che. A amIdAsa kANakiyA 1937mAM "dIpazikhA' kAvyasaMgraha Ape che. haMsane AtmAnA P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 0 229 pratIka tarIke bhAratIya tattvajJAnamAM varSothI sthAna apAyuM che. "rAjahaMsane saMsAramAM avatarelA paramAtma svarUpa mAnava AtmAne karAyeluM saMbodhana che. "udhvaprayANa'mAM mRtyu pAmI rahelA zarIramAMnA AtmAnI urdhvagatinI vAta karAI che. tethI ja zarIranA mRtyuthI duHkhI thayAnI jarUra na hovAnuM kavi kahe che. pele pAra janAra AtmA koI navIna tejadarzana kare che. evI zraddhA ahIM vyakta thaI che. mRtyunuM abhAna jenI nirdoSatAne luSita nathI karatuM evA bALakano mAtA sAtheno saMvAda "nirdoSaajJAna'mAM rajU thayo che. mAnI AMkhamAM AMsu joI bALaka dravita bane che. paNa mRtyu eTale zuM, enI ene samaja nathI. "prema ane mRtyu'mAM zarUmAM premanuM, ne pachI mRtyunuM citra che. "prema tathA mRtyu' baMnene kavi navajIvananAM dvAra kahe che. potAno jIvanadIpa jhAMkho thatI veLAe kAvyanAyakane gatastavanamAM smaraNa vIMTaLAI vaLe che. 1961mAM kavi amIdAsanuM bIjuM pustaka "dIpajayoti' prakAzita thAya che. "Aja AnaMda eka sAruM pratIkAtmaka kAvya che. kAvyanAyaka jANe rUpazUnya ane nAmazUnya banI anaMtanA dhAme UDatA hovAno anubhava kare che. "soDam' kAvyamAM niyatinA vArApherAno anaMta bhavya vibhurUpa "soDaham" jIvazivaaikyano nAda uccAre che. kAMtilAla paMDyAe "caMdrazaMkaranA kAvyo' 194ramAM prakAzita karyA. 1916 ogasTamAM janmASTamInI najIkanA divasomAM patnI vasaMtabahenanA thayelA avasAna nimitte "hA Akhare cAlI gaI" (7/3/1917) kAvya racAya che. anya svajanonAM avasAna nimitte paNa "cAhelAM cAlyAM jatAM, rahe smRti avazeSa" kahI kavi virahasukhane zAzvata gaNAve che. ne tethIja zarIrane badale AtmAne sneha karavAnuM teo kahe che. ramaNIkalAla jayacaMdabhAI dalAla James Montego Mery nA The loss of friends by death' nAmanA kAvyanA bhAvAnuvAda "vidAyaveLA'mAM mRtyuthI astitva nAbUda thatuM na hovAnI vAta kare che. "mRtyu kerA zyAma paMjAnI pIThe daivI deza hovAnuM kavi se 9. J. Shirley l 'Death the Leveller' 41441 $14HI 424 ML R14213 badhA sarakhA thaI javAnuM kavi kahe che. mRtyune tAbe thayA vinA koIno chUTako nathI. yama kane nirUpAya thavuM paDe Ilama ko upayogI na nIvaDe" 139 maraNanI nIlalohita vedImAM darekanA sakala zvAsa aMtima samAdhimAM zamI jatA hovAnuM kavi kahe che. c. Rossetti nA song' nAmanA kAvyAnuvAda "avasAnasaMdeza"mAM snehasaMbaMdhIone mRtyu samaye bilakula zoka na karavAnuM kAvyanAyaka dvArA kahevAmAM AvyuM che. "aMtima vizrAma' samaye dilamAM sukha ke duHkha kazAnI lAgaNI thatI nathI. maranAra vyaktinI saMpUrNa svasthatA, nirlepatA ahIM rajU thaI che. "aMtima smaraNa" Lord TennysonnA Farewel' nAmanA bhAvagItanuM rUpAMtara kAvya che jemAM akSaradehe amara rahevAnI kavinI zraddhA pragaTa thaI che. kavi cAlyo jAya che, paNa enuM kAvyajharaNuM satata zAMta nirmalarUpe vahyA kare che. "maMjUSA'nA kavi mohinIcaMdra dehanI jema kavitAmAM paNa mRtyu ane amRtanA aMzo rahyA hovAnuM mAne che. to "aNuaNu' kAvyamAM nidhanarajanIo ApyAnI kavi phariyAda kare che. jIvananI apUrNakaLA mRtyunI pIchI pharatAM prapUrNa banatI hovAnI vAta "kalA' nAmanA be paMktinA kAvyamAM kavie karI che. kavi janmane kavitAnA pahelA zabda tarIke oLakhAve che. jIvanane vividha chaMdI rAgarAgaNInuM kAvya gaNAvI "mRtyu P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 230 mahIM jIvanakavitAno chello zabda lIna thato jAya. "dhUli' kAvyamAM mATInA gauravanI vAta, mATI pote kahetI hoya ema janma sau muja aMkamAM vaLI, liye chellI samAdhi haMmA" 40 mATImAMthI janmI, sau aMtima samAdhi mATImAM ja le che. loMgaphelonI paMkti yAda Ave. "Dust thou art to dust returnest." "saLaMga' kAvyamAM janma janmAntaranI vAta gUMthAI che. janma pAchaLa paDeluM mRtyu, ne mRtyu pAchaLa paDelo janma potAnI saphaLatA mATe jhUmatA hovAnuM kavi mohinIcaMdra kahe che. to putrajanmane teo "punarjanma' tarIke oLakhAve che. pitAnI bhasmakaNInI vAta karatA kAvyanAyaka putrane paNa mRtyunA jhaMjhAnilamAM lupta thaI bhasmakaNI banI javAnA satyane vicAre che. 1973mAM haiyuM ane zabada' nAmano kAvyasaMgraha ApanAra kavi cAMpazIbhAI uddezI A jiMdagInA ThAThane thoDA divasano gaNAve che. mANasane thoDA divasano musAphara teo kahe che. mRtyupaMthane "jIvanamArganA virAma' tathA "navajIvananA dvAra' tarIke teo oLakhAve che. yu jIrNoddhAra paNa che. ne saMsAranAM karmonuM pratinidhi paNa, mRtyu pachInA pharI janmane kavi karmanA vyavahAra tarIke oLakhAve che. kSaNabharamAM AvIne cAlyA jatA mRtyunI "AstaviktA pratye kavi ApaNuM dhyAna dore che. "haiyAnI AMkhamAM smazAnamAM dehanI thatI rAkhano nirdeza kare che. 1956mAM maNizaMkara dave "gAMdhIviraha' nAmanuM pustaka pragaTa kare che. gAMdhIjInA mRtyune "mahAmoMghuM mRtyu" kahetA kavi mRtyune "moMghero mitra' kahe che. "mRtyu che mitra moghero | sarakhI dRSTino sadA, sarvanuM zreya sAdhe che saMharI sarva ApadA" 41 gAMdhInA nirvANe zoka na karAya, deha paMcatva pAmyo hovA chatAM AtmA amara hovAnuM kahetA kavi lakhe che. janma ne mRtyuthI mukta alipta dezakALathI AtmA che nirmaLo nitya bhavya che bhinna dehathI" 42 kavi pralAda pAThakanA "kharatA tArAnekAvyamAM AbhamAM jhagamagatuM ne sahejamAM kharI jatuM mUdula tAraluM jIvananI kSaNabhaMguratAnuM pratIka che. kharatA tArAne joI sau judA judA tarka kare che. koI "jIvana bhaMgura' hovAnuM kahe to koI vaLI "harirUpe bhaLyAnuM jaNAve jayAre advaitavAdIo kazuM ja na kahe. kavinA manamAMya vicAra sphare che. "are prakAzabhara phUlaDuM abaghaDI spharantu nabhe, kharyuM kharyuM ane paDyuM rajanInA AMsunA buMda samuM" 43 kharatA tArAne kavi rajanInAM azrubiMdu samuM gaNAve che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 231 gAMdhIyuga - ane kALanuM svarUpa gAMdhIyuganA kavioe paNa "kALa vize judI judI rIte potAnuM ciMtana rajU karyuM che. kavi jhaveracaMda meghANI' "mRtyu praharI banyuM' kAvyamAM kALanA zAsana mujaba mRtyue pharaja bajAvavAnI hoya che. ema kahI gAMdhIjIe karelA upavAsa vakhate kALa mUcha maraDI malakI rahyo hato tyAre paNa mRtyueja khaDe page gAMdhIjInuM rakSaNa karyAnI vAta karI che. raNasaMgrAmane meghANI "kALanI kacerI' kahe che. - caMdravadana mahetA "yamala' kAvyamAM kALatimiranA rUpane sohAmaNuM kahe che. sneharazmi kALane' ('panaghaTa') kAvyamAM saunAM svapnone roLI nAkhatA kALanA prahAranuM varNana kare che. kavi umAzaMkara jozI 'saddagata moTAbhAI" kAvyamAM ('nizItha') kALa sAmeno hRdayadrAvaka Akroza vyakta kare che. kALane te kahIe zuM? jarIke nava cUkiyo - pAMca AMgaLIomAMthI aMgUThe vADha mUkiyo" 44 mRtyu mAMDe mITa mAM ('AtmAnA khaMDera') kALanA jaDabAne, enuM mukha ughADavA kavi kahe che. jethI zAMtacitte mRtyunI mIThI hUMpha mANI zakAya. kALa gokaLagAyanI jema Dagumagu cAlato hovAnI kalpanA "gokaLagAya'mAM ('dhArAvastra') kavie karI che. "pharapharATa'mAM kALanI anaMtatAno nirdeza thayo che. kavi pUche che "sthaLane khabhe laharAyA karatuM navuM aneruM kALauttarIya koIe joyuM che ? (kALa to anubhavagamya che dezyagamya kyAM che?) kavinA praznamAM ja eno nakArAtmaka uttara maLI zake tema che. kavi oDenanA mRtyu saMdarbhe Akroza bharyo AghAta anubhavatAM kavi kahe che "kALa jayAre ghA kare che tyAre kazuMya jovA besato nathI." "mRtyakSaNa' ("saptapadI') kAvyamAM paNa kavi kALane yAda kare che. kALa ahIM 'samaya' ane mRtyu baMneno paryAya banIne Ave che. "janmadine kALane khaMDita karyo hato. mRtyu, akhaMDa kALamAM punaHpraveza? jIvanakALano svAda kSaNakSaNano lUMTa mRtyu anaMta sAthe ekarasa asmitA" ja to kavi indulAla gAMdhI mAnavane kALanA mahAsAgara paranA eka biMdu tarIke oLakhAve che. kALanuM bhairavanRtya avirata paNe cAlatuM hovAnuM teo kahe che. "devakI' kAvyamAM devakIe karelI kALavANIno nirdeza che. khaMDita mAtRtvanI khAkha para jANe kALavANI beghaDI thAka UtAravA icchatI na hoya ? gAMdhIjInA mRtyu saMdarbhe lakhAyelA "mahAadhya' kAvyamAM mRtyudevane kALanI kAmaLI oDhIne AvelA kavi varNave che. manasukhalAla jhaverI abhimanyunA vIratvane "kALanAya kALa' tarIke varNave che. ("abhimanyu" "phUladola') P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 232 "jANe pAda prahAre dharaNi dhrujavato kALano kALa kUde 4 nhAnAlAlanA avasAna nimitte lakhAyelA "sidhAvo' kAvyamAM mahAkALanuM varNana karatAM kavi kahe che "mahAkALanA A sAgare kaika AvatAM nAnAmoTAM bubudo UDaze ne nAcaze. paNa jIvana sAgara to laherAto ja rahevAno, ne tyAre gujarAtanI vANI kavine smaraze. phUlanA khIlavA ane kharavAnI prakriyAnI vAta karatAM kavi "kALanI maMtharA' jevo zabdaprayoga prayoje che, ne AdikALa sAme avaLo ekaDo mAMDyAnI vAta kare che. to potAnA jIvanano gaMjIpAno mahela mahAkALanI eka phaMke veravikhera thaI javAnI kalpanAthI dhrUjI UThatA kAvyanAyaka e pahelAM ja mRtyu jhaMkhe che. ("mA" "DUmo ogaLyo') kavi pUjAlAla ema mAne che ke kALanA tAla vaDe ja maraNanI ghaDIne pAmI zakAya. ('kALane "gurjarI') hathelImAM aMjali karI kavi kALane parAsta karI pI javA utsuka hatA, to dAdAne DuMgara tarIke oLakhAvatAM kavi kahe che "gaLyo kALAbdhinA jaLamahIM mahADuMgara gaLyo" 40 "anurupa nAmanA vibhAgamAM toMteramI "zuktikA'mAM kALane mAnavIya svarUpe varNavatAM kALane tAlake mAtra TAla hovAnuM, tathA dADhI hovAnuM kahe che. kALa Ave ke tarata enI dADhI jhAlavAnI vAta paNa kavi kare che. janmamaraNane kavi kALanAM vAhana kahe che. sAda' kAvya ('aparAjitA') (duho-520)mAM kavi kALane "dUra lUMTAro' kahe che. ne chatAM te krUra kALanI phALa potAnI pAse pahoMcI zakatI na hovAnuMya teo kahe che. to kAlaakAla'mAM karAla kAlanA ghora aTTahAsyanA sau bhoga banatA hovAnI vAta karAI che. kALanI kaTorIe amRta' pIvAnI icchA "kALanI aTArIe'mAM vyakta thaI che. kALanAthamAM ("sopAnikA') "kALa mRtyuno paryAya banIne Ave che. kavi kALane ahIM kALasarpa" tathA "kALakesarI' kahe che. "mahAmauna" ("sopAnikA')mAM "kALanA kALA haiyAmAM premamaya praveza karIne amRtanA AtmAmAM mRtyunA pradezane pAra karavAnI prArthanA karAI che. mitra sArAbhAIno bhoga lenAra poMDicerInA sAgarane AkrozamAM kavi "kALasAgara' kahI bese che. tema chatAM AtmAone kALa nAthI zakato nathI, evI zraddhA to kavinI che ja. ("kAvyasetu") karNATakanA vikhyAta jamInadAra kuTuMbamAM janmelA "zaMkaragauDanA pAMcamI oNgasTe (1950) thayelA svargavAsa nimitte zraddhAMjali arpatAM kavi kahe che jANe emanuM zubhra suhAsa kALanI kAjaLazaktine rucyuM nahi. ne devaLa to zUnya thaI gayuM ("kAvyaketu') "yogatapasyA' (1986 me)mAM kavi kALano pradeza du:kha sabhara hovAnuM kahe che. mAnava mAge che mukti paNa kALanA baMdhanamAM rahevAnI ane jarUra paDe che. ne hamezAM yAtrA karavA chatAM e kyAMya pahoMcato nathI. * * nI ratubhAI desAI "jananI' kAvyamAM kahe che "kALa mAne bharakhI jaI zakyo, paNa mRtine jhUMTavI na zakyo' to "yAtrApathanA AlApamAM ratubhAI kALanA zAsananI vAta kare che. teo kahe che. "kALane koI atikramI zakyuM nathI ke nathI kALane koI haDaselI zakyuM. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 233 ke nathI kALanI jhApaTathI koI bacI zakyuM. "mAtAnA udaramAM bIjarUpe garbhastha thaI tamAre kALanI nizcita maryAdAne AdhIna thavuM paDe che." w8 sarvatra saghaLuM kALarUpa' hovAnuM kavi kahe che. sUryacaMdra, RtuRtunAM parivartano, samudranAM bharatIoTa badhuM kALanAM baMdhane baMdhAyeluM che. kALane kavi ahIM "mahAkAyapazu" ane mAnavane enuM puccha kahe che. pazunI pITha pAchaLa pucchane anusaravuM paDatuM hoya che. 1989mAM patnI mamatA desAInA avasAna nimitte racAyelA "khaMDerano jhurApo' kAvyanI zarUAtamAM ja kavi kALadevatAne name che. kavi ahIM kALadevatAne ahobhAvathI nahi vyathita AkrozathI name che. tethI ja to jarAya aNasAro ApyA vinA AvI pahoMcelA "kALane' kavi "namero' kahe che. kALanI e sarpaphUMke kavine timiraghana' "mRtyunAM pArakhAM thAya che. kALanA ja izAre e jIvana-jhArI pAtra TapakatuM baMdha thayuM che. kavi suMdaram "raNagIta' ("kAvya maMgalA)mAM kALabhujaMga sAthe hoLI khelI maravA taiyAra thanAra bhAratavIranI gAthA gAya che. "janamagAMTha' kAvyamAM kavi suMdaram "kALanA anaMtasUtra'nuM ciMtana kare che. karasanadAsa mANeka vinaSTinA kALaudadhinI dhUdhavatI garjanAno avAja sAMbhaLatA hovAnuM chellA laMgara' kAvyamAM kahe che. ('Alabela') jo ke prema pAse kALa parAsta thato hovAnuM paNa teo kahe che. "premanA pratIka rUpa "tAja' pAse kALa parAjaya pAmyAnuM udAharaNa kavi Ape che. - kavi premazaMkara bhaTTa paNa kAladeva A bhUmimAM AMgaLIthI mahAni:zabda bhavya bhUtakALane gajavI rahyo hovAnuM kahe che. ("rAjaseranI derIone "dharitrI') "gayo nava huM hota tomAM kavi khaMDeranI mulAkAte udvigna banI kahe che. "badhuM mRtyunI nIMdamAM samApta thaI jatuM hovAnuM, ne basa eka "kALa' ja amara hovAnuM kahe che. "mukAmabhaNI'mAM paNa kALano ja mahimA kavi gAya che. kavinA mananI raMgabhUminuM mukhya pAtra 'kALa' ja che. sAmAnya rIte kALane mRtyunA ja zAzvata paryAya tarIke svIkAravAmAM Avyo che. kavi kahe che. "mahAna khagarAja kALanI jhApaTe je caDyA e aMte DhaLI paDe che. jIvanasaMginIne adhavaccethI UpADI lenAra kALarUpI khagarAjane kAvyanAyaka potAne UThAvI levA prArthe che. kavi devajI moDhA kALanA tApane prakhara gaNAve che. ("bhaginIne "AratI) kALanA prakhara tApamAM bahenanI jIvanajaLa-vIraDI sukAI gayAno valopAta teo kare che. kALanI karavata kyAre mAnavane khatama kare e zuM kahevAya ? "kALanA megaLa dhasatA Ave | hAvaLe nAme haya kALanA mukhe koLiyA thaI rahevuM AnaMdamaya" 149 kavi jayendrarAya dUrakALane paNa kALanI kaLA gebI lAge che. ("snehasaritA' khaMDa-2) kALanA krUra kaTAkSa'no paNa kavi avAranavAra nirdeza kare che. kavi dUrakALanA manamAM prazna jAge che. "mAnavajIvananI krUra viDaMbanA kALa kema karato haze ?' kavi dezaLajI paramAra mAnavane A saMsAranA atithi gaNAve che. mahAkALanI jhAlara zaS P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 234 bajatAM atithine saMsAramAMthI vidAya levAnI rahe che. ('atithine') kavi ramaNalAla vasaMtalAla desAIe paNa "mahAkAla'ne gItamAM maDhI lIdho che. ("mahAkAla') mRtyunA paryAya samo "mahAkAla' ("zamaNAM') gIta gAto cAreyabAju ghUmyA karato hovAnuM kavi kahe che. kavi kahe che 'laya ane vilayane jhUle jhUlato e mahAkAla avakAzane bharI daI, cetanane camakatuM kare che.' kavi hasita bUca enA guru "sva. caturabhAIne' aMjali ApatAM guru mRtyune "kALanA chala' tarIke oLakhAve che. naMdakumAra pAThaka rajanI ane divasane kALanI be pAMkho kahe che ane e ja rIte jIvanamRtyune caitanyanI pAMkho. prANahAraka kALa ja pAcho zAzvata cetana paNa Ape che. bhAInuM avasAna kavine mahAkALanI vAgatI vizvavyApI khaMjarIno raNakAra saMbhaLAve che. "pAvAgaDha'mAM pAvAgaDhe sahana karelA kALapalaTAne kavi yAda kare che. kavi naMdakumAra kALanI niyata dhaTanAne aphara gaNA che. ne mAnavajIvanane kALanA nAdapaDaghA rUpe oLakhAve che. ne chatAM "kALakinArAne kavi garavAya kahe che. kavi zaMkaralAla paMDyA kahe che je rIte tetara para bAja pharI vaLe tema kALanA jhapATAmAM sau AvI javAnA ('maNikAntamAlA" "palakamAM prANa javAno') kavi goviMda ha. paTela kALane vidheyAtmaka rUpe jue che. bhagavAna kALane teo niSpakSatAvALA kahe che. ramaNika arAlavALA zAMtilAla jainInI smRtimAM lakhelA "svapnakhaMDera' kAvyamAM poteya kALanI eTale ke mRtyunI phUke olavAI javAnI jhaMkhanA kare che. mukuMdarAya paTTaNI jIvananI kSaNabhaMguratA ('pratIkSA') tathA kALanI raudratAnI vAta karatAM kahe che "kALanI gatine oLakhanAra mRtyu samaye duHkha pAmato nathI" ("karma" saMskRti') kavi mukuMdarAya ema mAne che ke kALa kadI gajagatie nahi, vAyusaMge jhaDapathI sarake che. AMsu) A "kAlAbdhino kinAro' eTale ja "mRtyu" kALanI zAMtine kavi dagAbAja ane jUThI gaNAve che. kALane koI jItI zakyuM nathI. paNa gAMdhIjIne kavi "kAlanAyakAla" tathA kAlatA' kahe che. jIvananI retamAM UMDA lisoTA cItaratA khabakhaba phALa bharatA kALapuruSanuM kavi kusumAkare citrAtmaka varNana karyuM che. joke pachI kALapuruSanA prAyazcitanAM azrunI paNa vAta karI che. ravIndranAthanA avasAna nimitte lakhAyelA "kavinidhana' kAvyamAM "kALane niSphara' kahI kavi potAno Akroza ThAlave che. paNa pachI tarata kavi vicAre che "kALane zuM Thapako devo' dara para eDI paDatAM cagadAI janAro kIDo, "sau kALanA udaramAM Ama ja samAI jatAM hovAno saMdeza ApI jAya che. to kavi hasamukha maDhIvALA kAramAM kALane mRtyunA paryAya tarIke oLakhAve che. ne, kALanA hAsyane "kALuM' kahe che. ("bhAInuM mRtyu') sva. mazarUvALAne, e daivI caitanyapUMjane kALayAtrAmAM bhaLavuM paDyAno aphasosa "prajJAmUrti kAvyamAM vyakta thayo che. to gAMdhInA mRtyudine kALanA hAthe kALI kalaMkakathA lakhAI hovAnuM maDhIvALA kahe che. svAtaMtryasaMgrAma ane bIjA vizvayuddhanA pratyAghAtonI vAta karatAM e rAtane kavi amIdAsa kaNakiyA "kALanA kaDAkAvALI rAta' tarIke oLakhAve che. ('anavasara') "o re kAla karALa' kAvyamAM cAreya bAju kALanAM dhADAM vyApyA hovAnI kavi P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 235 vAta kare che. kavi mohanadAsa dalasukharAma bhaTTa, aNuaNumAM saMbhaLAtA ne avirata garajatA kALanA ghora gItano, tathA mahAkALanA pracaMDa mRtyasUranA zaMkha phUMkAvAno nirdeza "mathana" kAvyamAM kare che. "haiyAnI AMkha' kAvyanuM kavi cAMpazIbhAI uddezIe kareluM kALaciMtana sAva sAmAnya kakSAnuM che. jemAM kALa koIne choDato na hovAnI vAta karAI che. Izvara tathA kALane ahIM sarvoparI gaNAvAyA che. mAnavajIvana kALanA tAla para nAcI rahyuM hovAnI vAta teoe karI che. "gAMdhIviraha'nA kavi maNizaMkara dave kALanI kAramI pAMkho badhAno saMhAra karatI hovAnuM kahe che. durgeza zukla "krAMtinuM rUpamAM badhuM prajALatA rUThelA kALane yAda kare che. "mAnyatAnAM pratIkomAM AkAzamAM kALavimAna satata bhamyA karatuM hovAnuM kavi kahe che. gAMdhIyuga - mRtyu maMgala - muktidAtA bhAratIya paraMparAmAM varSothI mRtyune maMgala muktidAtA tarIke svIkAravAmAM AvyuM che. gAMdhIyuganA kavioe paNa mahadaaMze mRtyune "maMgala' svarUpe joyuM che ne varNavyuM che. rA. vi. pAThaka patnInA mRtyu nimitte lakhAyelA soneTa "chelluM darzana' kAvyamAM mRtyuparyata vikasatA rahelA saudaryanuM aMtima darzana zakya bane te mATe potAnA nayanane raDavAnI nA pADe che. mRtyune kavi "mahotsava' mAne che. "suyoga aNamUla suMdara suhAgI mAMgalyano" parama mRtyunA maMgala avasarane dIpa, dhUpa, caMdana, gulAla, phUla, zrIphaLa Adi maMgala sAmagrIthI satkAravAno teo anurodha kare che. ne chatAM zoka jarAya UNo ke ocho nathI. sadgata patnInuM hRdayasthAna saMsmaraNa ke svajana pUrI zake tema nathI. kAMtilAla kAlANI A kAvyamAM varNavAyelA mRtyunA sauMdaryanI vAta A rIte kare che. "nAyikA paMcabhUtanA banelA deha sAthenA saMbaMdha choDe che. manane AkuLa vyAkuLa karanArI paristhitimAM nAyaka pAMpaNo para toLAI rahelAM azruone kharavA deto nathI. mRtyu veLAnuM caherAnuM saudarya khAkha thaI jAya e pahelAM e joIne kRtArtha thavA icchatA kavi "nayana vArine thaMbhI javA kahe che" (1) sadgata "sakhIne' nAyaka enA sUkSma saudaryarUpe have jue che. tethI to phUlapagale parimalanI jema padhAravA "sakhine vinaMti karAI che athavA amarabhUmimAM potAne paNa amRtano sahabhAgI karavA bolAve ema Icche che. "kavivara ravIndrane aMjali ApatAM kavi ravIndranAthanI mRtyavicAraNAne smare che. prakRtimAtA mRtyu dvArA manuSyane eka jIvanamAMthI chUTo karI bIjA jIvanamAM laI jAya che. ne evA kavi ravIndranAthe jIvanane gIta gAI zubha banAvyuM hatuM ne mRtyune "ananyamaMgala' banAvyuM hatuM. parathama paraNAma mArA zeSanI eka anokhI kRti che. potAnI aMtima vidAyanI maMgalapaLe azeSa kRtajJatAnI lAgaNInI bheTa dharI potAnA sau upakArIo pratyeno bhAra haLavo kare che. . gAMdhIyugamAM rASTrIya cetanAno juvALa prasarelo. zahAdatane varanArA vIronAM mRtyu maMgala avasararUpa banI gayAM. jhaveracaMda meghANI "UTho' kAvyamAM mRtyunA rasabasaphAganI P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 236 vAta karatAM vIronI patnIonAM khamIrane biradAve che. patidevo raNasaMgrAmamAM marI phITe to ene paravA nathI. vijaya maLe to vijayotsava, nahi to citAmAM sAthe caDI maraNotsava ujavavAnI vAta. zrImatI loko tenA "samabaDIjha DArlIga" kAvya parathI karelA bhAvAnuvAda koIno lADakavAyo'mAMnI koka ajANI zahAdatane kavi zAMta, madhura, maMgalarUpe varNave che. dhUpasaLI dharI praNAma karI kAnamAM prabhupada ucaravAnuM kahetA kavi meghANI "mRtyune maMgalarUpe jue che. 1930mAM kArAvAsamAM meghANI sainika trivikramanuM zabadarzana karatAM mRtyuno garabo' kAvya race che. jemAM mRtyune maMgalarUpe varNavyuM che. nirbhaya lokone mRtyudevInuM mukha suMdara, raLiyAta lAge. ajJAnanA AvaraNane lIdhe mRtyunI divya ramyatA pamAtI nathI. enA kALAM oDhaNAMnI kora to suMdara, zveta ne jhaLahaLatI hovAnuM kavi kahe che. kavi meghANI kahe che mRtyu dvArA jagatajananIne khoLe javAnuM che. mRtyu samIpe jatAM saMsAra ApoApa chUTI jAya. mRtyunI bhagavI kaMthA bhayabharI lAge. paNa "mAhIM rame gorA gorAM rUpa'. mRtyu maMgala ja nahIM ramyasuMdara paNa che. to "motanA kaMkughoLaNa' kAvyamAM rASTra kAje mRtyu pAmavAnI vAtane kavi "adakAlagnotsava' tarIke biradAve che. "ropAya maMDapa motanA, gurjarI kere gharaghare" 121 ahIM cAreya bAju gahekatA maraNamayUronuM svAgata karavA utsuka mIMDhaLabaMdhA navapariNItonI zIza samarpI devAnI bhAvanAne kavi zabdabaddha kare che. rAjakIya baMdIvAnonI dazA sudhAravA mATe boMtera divasanA maraNAMta anazanane aMte (1929) potAnA dehane mRtyunI godamAM dharI denAra jatIndranA mRtyune kavi "maMgala avasara' kahe che tethI ja kavi azrunI vAdaLIne dUra cAlI javAnuM kahe che. gAMdhIjInA upavAsa vakhate mRtyu ja emanuM praharI banyAnuM meghANI kahe che. ("mRtyu praharI banyuM') gAMdhIjInA rakSaNa mATe mRtyu amRtanA kuMbha laI UbhuM rahetuM. gAMdhIjI mRtyu na pAme e mATe mRtyu pote ahIM prArthanA kare che. je mRtyunI maMgalatAnuM sUcana kare che. - caMdravadana mahetA mRtyunI sukhanIMdaramAM sUtelI bahenanuM mRdu kAvyamaya varNana gADhanIMdaramAM kare che. ("ilAkAvyo ratana ne bIjA badhAM') jemAM mRtyune maMgalamaya varNavyuM che. bahena sAta samaMdaranI pALe jaI pahoMcI che. ahIM caMdravadana paralokanuM mAMgalyadarzI varNana kare che. thokabaMdha phUlanAM paridhAna eNe dharyA che. kaMkunA coka cItaryA che. cArebAju dhUpasugaMdha maheke che. sacarAcarano rAsa maMDAyo che. devAlaya samA AvAsamAM poDhelI bahenanAM darzana karI tarata saune cAlyA javAnuM sUcana kare che. jethI bahenane paramazAMti maLe. "mAghanuM mRtyu' kAvyamAM mAdhanA mRtyune sukhazayA kahevAmAM AvyuM che. kavivara sukhazayA mRtyunI mANatA'tA". mAghane laI jaI mRtyu UjaLuM thayAnuM kavi kahe che. mRtyu paNa jANe uttama muhUrta joIne paLa joIne Ave che. ne mRtyu madhuruM malake che. kavie mAghanA mRtyunI mRdutA ane maMgalatAnuM suMdara nirUpaNa karyuM che. mRtyue jANe saMjIvanIrUpa na lIdhuM hoya? enAM pagalAM lalita ane ramya che. mAgha pAse AvatAM mRtyunuM mukha ujajavala bane che. kavi mAghanA mRtyu dvArA mRtyu parano mAnavano vijaya ullAsAyo. kavi-patnI patinA AvA virala mRtyu chatAM viSAda to anubhave che. patnI pAsethI harSabharI vidAya jhaMkhatA pati potAne mRtyumAMthI amRta tarapha laI javA prArthe che. upaniSadanI naciketAnI vAtane kavie ahIM gujarAtImAM kAvyarUpe mUkI che. ("naciketAne') P.P. Ac. Cunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 237 'Death itself is a Divine Poetry - mRtyu poteja eka divya maMgala kAvya che. yamarAja naciketAne mRtyunuM rahasya samajAvatAM, mRtyuchAMyaDIne sAgaranI laharIo jevI gaNAve che. yamadevanuM bhISaNa rUpa joI bhalabhalA kaMpI UThe che, tyAre naciketA potAne yamadevanAM ghaNIvAra aMtaradarzana thayAnuM jaNAvI yamadeva komaLa hovAnuM kahe che. yamadeve potAnA premapUrvaka karelA svAgatanI vAta naciketAe samagra jagatane kahI hatI. kavi sneharazmi "ekohabahusyAm' kAvyamAM ('artha') janma ane mRtyunA hIMcakAne bhavya' gaNAvatA masyAvatAra rUpe Izvara ja svayaMbhU pRthivIpare janmane mRtyunA bhavya hIMcake jhUlatA hovAnuM gaNAve che. mRtyuno khoLo zAMta hovAnuM kahetA A kavi potAno mitra risAIne sUI gayAnuM jaNAve che. "nIrava' kAvyamAM zarUmAM nirAzA tathA azraddhA, paNa pachI divya zraddhAno raNakAra saMbhaLAya che. mitra amara banI gayAnI zraddhA ahI vyakta thaI che. kavi sneharazmi evuM paNa kahyuM che ke paralokamAM pelA virATane ghATa mitranAM svAgatagIta gavAze. ('prayANaghaDIe) mRtyunI ghaDInI suMdaratAnuM varNana karatAM sneharazmi kahe che. nahi rajanI AMsu sAra | dizAo rozo mA A prayANaghaDI abhirAma !! pAchuM jozo mA" 112 aMtima prayANanI abhirAma dhaDIne biradAvatA kavi dizAone raDIne apazukana na karavA vinave che. ne rAtrine AMsu na sAravA AjIjI kare che. "mukti' kAvyamAM mANakA baLadanI avadazAnI gAthA gAI, aMte mANako mRtyu pAmatAM e "mukta' banyAnI nirAMtano anubhava varNavyo che. "paLajo sukhethImAM zarUmAM azraddhA che. ('panaghaTa') paNa kAvyane aMte mRtyunI maMgalatAno svIkAra karI mRtyune kavi "jIvanasAthI' tarIke biradAve che. eTaluM ja nahi, mRtyune teo 'hRdayavihArI' kahI IzvaranI jema hRdayamAM sthAna ApI mRtyune paNa IzvarasamuM bhavya maMgala gaNe che. sonerI cAMda rUperI sUraja'mAM dIkarI umAnA akALa avasAna nimitte lakhAyelAM hAIku' graMthastha thayAM che. umAnuM sthaLa astitva paMcamahAbhUtamAM vilIna thaI javA chatAM vAtAvaraNamAM rahelAM enAM smaraNaspaMdano jANe umAnI lIlIchama pratIti kavipitAne karAve che. "himazikhare gayo haMsalo verI pIMchA raMgIna" 153 haMsalo himazikhare pahoMcI gayA chatAM vAtAvaraNamAM enAM raMgIna pIMchAM mUkI gayAnuM kahetA kavi, puSpanI jema anerI raMgamaheka mUkI gayelI umAne eka kSaNa bhUlI nathI zakyA. mRtyue umAne to mUdu AliMgana ApyuM, paNa ethI kavino paMtha kaMTakachAyo bane che. "gADha nidrAmAM phUla A surabhita mUdu AzleSa" 54 P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 238 umAnuM jIvanapuSpa mRtyunA mRdu AzleSe, enI sparza sugaMdhe surabhita banI jaI pitAno khoLo tyajI mRtyune khoLe pohyuM, ne daivI sugaMdhe mahorI UThyuM. mRtyune paMthe prayANa karatA mAnavaAtmAnI khuzAlIno anubhava kavi 361mA hAIkumAM A rIte varNave che. . Aja have huM . paLuM ekalo heke rajanIgaMdhA" 55 mRtyupaMthe prayANa karatA ekAkI AtmAne rajanI-gaMdhAnI (divya alaukika) sugaMdhano anubhava thAya che. - 1984mAM sneharazmino kSitije tyAM laMbAvyo hAtha' saMgraha pragaTa thAya che. mRtyu viSenuM kavinuM dRSTibiMdu haMmeza paramamaMgala rahyuM che. "eka ghavAyelI paMkhiNI'mAM mRtyumAM rahelI vedanAhara amRta saMjIvanIno nirdeza thayo che. paMkhiNI potAnA mRtyuno zoka na karavA eTalA mATe kahe che ke pote zAzvata, vasaMtayukta, divya, amara paramadhAmamAM javAnI che. (paMkhiNI-sata dIkarInuM pratIka?) dIkarI umAnA gamanane kavi atizaya ramaNIya ane divya gaNAve che. eNe Udhvagamana karyuM tyAre haMsonAM gItanA paDachAyA dharatI para taratA hatA. phUlonI sugaMdhanA oLA AkAzanI nIlimAne ajavALatA hatA. potAne gADha rIte AliMgI rahetI zAzvatIne eNe joI. mRtyu eTale kavine mana zAzvatI sAthenuM milana. kavie koI agamya "mRtyunRtyanI Dance of Death' nI kalpanA karI che. ('nathI jANato chatAM) mRtyu pachInA pradezanuM varNana karatAM kavi kahe che, mRtyu bAda, kadI nahi joyelo daravAjo (maMgalamaMdirano) khUle che. ArasamaDhI dIvAlamAM nupUranI ghUgharIo raNake che. jemAM pachI kaMDArAya che raMgonI vividha jhAMya. kavine mana mRtyu eTale aMdhakAra nahi, prakAza. nibiDa aMdhakAramAM jhaLahaLato prakAza eTale mRtyu. jayAre kavi ema vicAre ke yamadevane ghera nimaMtraNa vinA javAze kharuM ?' tyAM to nibiDa aMdhakAramAM ekAeka najaranAM kautuka DUbI jAya che. ne koIka premALa sparzano (yamadevanA ?) anubhava thAya che. jJAna che, anubhava nathI. pUrvajanmonA anubhavanI acetana manamAM smRti haze? paNa smRti spaSTa nathI. tethI jANavA chatAM nathI jANatA kahyuM haze? premano sparza ApI maitrIno hAtha laMbAvatuM mRtyu maMgala ja hoya ne? mRtyu kahe che "to Ava, gulAbanI kaLInI pAMkhaDIo UghaDe te pahelAM je kAMI agocara che. aNadITha che. tene paricitatAnA kAMTAthI gulAbanI saurabhamAM maDhI laIe" (760, "sakala kavitA'). kavi umAzaMkara "pitAnAM phUla' kAvyamAM mRtyune zubhra dhavala kalagIsamuM kahe che. agnimAMthI bacelAM asthiphUla vINatAM kavi eka vicitra anubhava kare che. "zamyA mRtyu zoko, amara pharakatI nIrakhIne pitAnAM phUlomAM, dhavala kalagI vizvakramanI" pR. 170 ("samagrakavitA" nizItha.) nizApaMtha'mAM pratIkAtmaka rIte mRtyunI mIThI hUMpha tarapha kavi izAro kare che. to "prAcInA" mAM "gAMdhArI' kAvyamAM gAMdhArIe kRSNane ApelA mRtyunA abhizApane 'varadAnarUpe kRSNa svIkAryAnI vAta paNa mRtyunA mAMgalyanuM sUcaka che. to "mahAmanAliMkana' kAvyamAM paNa P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 239 liMkanane maLelA mRtyunA varadAnano mahimA kavie AMkyo che. IndulAla gAMdhI "jayakAra' kAvyamAM "maMgalamRtyu'no jayajayakAra gAya che. to sAthe sAthe jIvanano paNa. kSaNekSaNe maLatA mRtyunA AmaMtraNane kAvyanAyaka ThelavA mAgatA nathI. jIvananA ArohaNane aMte mRtyunuM mIThuM mukhadarzana prApta thavAnI kavinI zraddhA che. mRtyunA rUpane kavi suMdara kahe che. mRtyunA rathanI ghUgharIonA ghamakAre kAvyanAyaka jAgI jAya che. mRtyu kadI bolatuM nathI. mAtra eno hAtha laMbAvI mAnavano hAtha mAge che. kAvyanAyakane mRtyuno bhaya ke kaMpa nathI ke nathI mukha para plAna viSAda. kavi mRtyune kahe che. "kAra mUkI UghADAM, zaraNuM lIdhuM tAruM ja kavine mRtyumAM ja AyuSyanI nUtana keDInAM darzana thAya che. mRtyune haMmeza maMgala mAnanAra AkAza ane pRthvInI sAthe premano nAto bAMdhanAra ravIndranAtha ne kavi yAda kare che. prabhuprItinI sAthe mRtyune mANavAnI vAta kavi "kema jIvAze"? mAM kare che. mRtyune moja ane mahotsava gaNanArA kavi jIvana ane mRtyu baMnemAM prabhuno sathavAro jhaMkhe che. manasukhalAla jhaverI dAdAjInA maMgalamRtyuthI kRtArtha to thAya che. paNa 'beTA' 'beTamajI' zabdo dohyalA banyAno vasavasoya vyakta kare che. "micAyAM tuSTa netro ne poDhyA zAMtisanAtane" 157 mRtyumAMthI amRtanI aMjali pIne dAdAjI mRtyuMjaya banI gayA. kavi sadA akhUTa Atmarasa jhIlavA utsuka che. hRdaya punita zveta vArdhakyane name che. jayAM pachI maraNa paNa "mahotsava banI jAya che. ("huM to cahuM) pAThaka sAhebanA sahaja mRtyune kavi apUrva varadAna gaNAve che. ('pAThaka sAhebane "anubhUti') tethI mRtyuno zoka to nathI ja. mAnavane khabara paNa na paDe e rIte mRdutAthI akaLa rIte uramAM pravezI mRtyu mAnavanA ghA rujhavatuM hovAnI zraddhA paNa ahI vyakta thaI che. kavi pUjAlAla mRtyune jagatanAM duHkha nivAranAra jaDIbuTTI kahe che. ('paThANanI putrane chellI AjJA') "maraNarasAyana' pIdhAnI vAta paNa kavi vAraMvAra kare che. hoTha para vahAlathI vatananI mATI dabAvI AnaMdapUrvaka maunanA AvAse sidhAvelA sainikonAM maraNane kavi "mIThAM maraNa' kahe che. ("svAtaMtryasainiko' 'pArijAta') to "amarajIvanamAM mRtyune mahAmaMgala gaNAvI eno Dara tyajI devAnI vAta kavie karI che. 1978mAM pUjAlAle prakAzita kareluM "zabarI' samagrapaNe mRtyunI maMgalatAne vyakta karatuM kAvya che. zabarInI AtmajAgRtine kendramAM rAkhI racAyelI A kavitAmAM zabarInA mRtyune kavie 'mahotsava' tarIke sanmAnyuM che. "rAmacaMdra padhAryAnA samAcAre enuM vRddhatva alopa thaI jAya che. svazarIranuM artha dharI e sanAtana samAdhinA dhAmamAM saMcare che. jayotirmaya maraNe cirakAla vaikuMThavAsI banIne e virame che. zabarInA mRtyunI citA gAme svayaM pragaTAvI, ne lakSmaNe pote snehamUrti zabarIne preme citAmAM padharAvI, e pAvaka jyotane jagadIzvare svayaM jalAvI ne zabarIno zubhra AtmA agnine sopAne caDI amRta svarUpa banI Urdhvane mArge prayANa karI gayo. "zuktikA'nI racanAmAM mRtyune kavi pUjAlAla yajamAna' kahe che. vIro mRtyunA atithi banI amRtane bhogavatA hovAnuM kavi kahe che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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vatA arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 240 1974mAM araviMdAzramanAM zrI mAtAjInA avasAna nimitte kavi pUjAlAla "mA bhagavatI' nAmanuM tarpaNakAvya race che. mAnA dehano vilaya thavA chatAM kavi mAne mAMgalyabharI mRtyuMjayI rUpa hovAnuM anubhave che. ne jene jana "mRtyu" ema vadatA tyAre tuM pAramAM rAje rAje jIvana-mRtyu pAra | Dlane kAlAdinI pAra mA" 158 mAre jAvuM che'mAM mRtyu pachInA divya mArganuM suMdara varNana kavie karyuM che. dUranA deza javAnI kAvyanAyikAnI tAlAvelI ahIM rajU thaI che. asImanAM teDAM AvyAnI jANe eMdhANI maLe che. hAlAo vahelI vidAya Ape evI vinaMti karavAmAM AvI che. jIvananI saMcita samRddhi samarpI asImane AliMgavAnI mRtyunI maMgalatAnuM sUcana kare che. "mRtyu pAmavAmAM majhAkAvyamAM kavi pUjAlAla kahe che "mara amara bane che mRtyu kere rasAyaNe." 59 ka 1980mAM "duharAvalI' pragaTa thAya che. 19ramAM duhAmAM mRtyune kavi madhura yajamAna kahI biradAve che. 193mAM duhAmAM mRtyune "gADha mitra' kahyuM che. jIvana to kyAreka paNa cheha de. mRtyu avayaMbhAvI che. mRtyune kavi duHkho ane vaLagaNomAMthI mukti apAvanAra paramamitra kahe che. kavi pUjAlAla kahe che, mRtyuthI na DaranArAne mRtyu ja apAra pIyUSa pAya che. duho 348) mRtyune amRtanA AgAranA rakSaka tarIke teo oLakhAve che. 350mAM duhAmAM pharI kavi "mRtyune "zarIrabaMdhanathI mukta karAvanAra mitra' kahe che. para0 mAM duhAmAM jIvanadharmanA pAlana mATe kurabAna thatA mAnavanA maraNane maMgala "mahotsava' gayuM che. divyapaMthe prayANa karanArAnI vidAyane "mRtyu' ne kavi "zubha vidAya' gaNAve che. vedanAne kavi ahIM "kalyANamayI gaNAve che. AMkhamAM azru ne hoTha para jJAnanA smita sAthe "zubhanA mahAyAtrI priyone Apajo abhinaMdano - ema kavi kahe che. jJAnI, mRtyune zubha gaNe. "sidhAvo" ("kAvyaketu') kAvya svajananA mRtyunuM hovA chatAM mRtyunA bhAra ke othArane saheja paNa kaLAvA nathI detuM. kavie mRtyune ahIM maMgala avasararUpe ja varNavyuM che. svajanane smitamukhe sidhAvavA kahevAyuM che. viraha-vidAyanuM A parva che e sAcuM. paNa divya paMthe janAra svajana mATe duHkha vahAvavAnuM na hoya. mRtyupaMthe prayANa e to kavine mana pAvanayajJa' che. sAsumAnA avasAna veLAe zarUmAM kavi ratubhAI vyathita bane che, paNa pachI tarata ja mRtyu pachI navalA divyadeze emanA thayelA prayANanI vAta vicAratAM svastha bane che. mRtyu pachInA pradezane kavi duHkha zoka vinAno ane AnaMdapUrNa gaNAve che. mRtyune kavi piyAmilanano avasara' kahe che. to sAthe sAthe mRtyu vAsanAmukti paNa apAve. ratubhAI desAInuM mRtyu ciMtana temanA "yAtrApathanA AlApa' pustakamAM supere vyakta thayuM che. mRtyune ciraprakAza mAnatA A kavi kahe che. agaNya AviSkArothI sabhara .. jIvanano aMtima AviSkAra mRtyu? jIvananI adhika prakAza mATenI jhaMkhanA P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 241 mA te mRtyu ? mRtyunA ciraprakAzamAM jIvananuM paryavasAna te paNa mRtyu - tA. : " cidAkAza ane cidUdhananuM milana te mRtyu - " amaradhAmanI yAtrA TANe kavi potAnA paMcatattvonuM visarjana kare tyAre saune azru DhALavAnI ne zokathI viThThala thavAnI nA pADe che. potAnA para puSpAMjali veravAnI, deha samIpa dIpa pragaTAvavAnI, dhUpadAnI dharavAnI ke arthayAtrA kADhavAnI paNa nA pADe che. emanA aNavyakta vicAra, amUrta zabdo, aspaSTa bhAvanA dvArA ja amara jIvananI cAhanA teo vyakta kare che. kavi emanA mRtyunA maMgala prasaMge azrunI lhANI na karavA vinave che. mRtyune potAnA mALA pratyenA AkAzI uDDayana tarIke teo gaNAve che. patnI mamatA desAInA avasAna nimitte lakhAyelA khaMDerano jhurApo'mAM kavie mRtyu pAranA pradezanuM varNana karyuM che. ne tyAM javAnI tamannA paNa vyakta karI che. jyAM nIlanikuMje maMdArapuSpo khIlyAM che ne pharapharatI phorama phUTe che tathA bharapUra rasadhAra chUTe che tevI pele pAranI adabhuta sRSTimAM AnaMdano pArAvAra uchaLe che. suMdarajI beTAI "mRtyune "mAMgalyanI puNyapraveza bArI' kahe che. "Agocara ANAmAM kavi dehabaMdhanamAMthI chUTatI vakhate mAnava AtmAne saMbhaLAtA agamya pradezanA sAdano nirdeza kare che. e sAda mRtyuno. tethI to kavi mRtyunA A avasarane (amUlakha TANA) kahe che. "mRtyu'nI saMdhikAne "zAMti nirjharaNa' paNa kavi kahe che. ("zAMtitIrtha' - vizeSAMjali') navA janmanA AnaMdano kavi saharSa svIkAra karavA taiyAra che. "lezuM pragADhatama nIMdara mRtyunIye ne jAgazuM pharI vaLI nava janma lezuM mRtyune kavi beTAI 'pragADhatama nIMdara' kahe che. teone mana janma ane mRtyu baMne suMdara che. janmamaraNacakrane kavi AnaMda ane zAMtino anubhava tarIke oLakhAve che. mRtyune "garjanazUnya ' siMdhu' tarIke oLakhAvatA A kavine putraputrInA avasAna samaye mRtyunI azabdazaktino paricaya maLI cUkyo che. mRtyu paratvenuM kavinuM darzana maMgala che. aMdhakAranA abhedya gaDha jevA mRtyumAMya zubhaMkarI jayoti chupAyelI emane dekhAya che. mRtyune nahi samajI zakavAthI ja e amaMgala lAge. naciketAne maLelA mRtyunA rahasyajJAnanI kavi paNa jhaMkhanA kare che. jene ApaNe aMdhAranI caMDapracaMDa mUrtisamuM bhayaMkara gaNIe chIe te mRtyudurgamAM gopitarUpe maMgala ghuti rahelI che. mRtyarAtrine ujALavA maMgala daSTinI jarUra che. 1958nI 21mI julAIe kavi beTAInA patnInuM avasAna thAya che. 1959nA phebruArImAM "sadgata caMdrazIlAne pragaTa thAya che. rAmaprasAda bakSI A samagra kAvyane "dAmpatyamaMgalanA stotra' tarIke biradAve che. zarUmAM mRtyuthI DaratA kavi aMte svastha citte sadgata patnInuM ghutimaMgalArUpa acala darzana kare che. kavinI zraddhA daDha thAya che ke ghutimaMgala vyaktitvane mRtyu na to bALI zake che na to naSTa karI zake che. mRtyunI A kavitA premamAMthI janmI hovAthI mRtyunuM maMgala darzana zakya banyuM che. 1969mAM pragaTa thayelA beTAInA "vyaMjanA' P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 242 saMgrahanA kAvyomAM AvatA mRtyusaMdarbho navayAtrAnA zubha saMketarUpe Ave che. svajanonAM avasAnane navayAtrAno AraMbha gaNI navA dRSTikoNathI kavi mRtyune svIkAre che. mAtra dehAvasAnane kavi "mRtyu' gaNatA ja nathI. emano abhigama ahIM sAcA adhyAtma. yAtrIno che. "calo jIva DerA taMbu khAMdhe dharI ApaNe mukAma Aghe" 12 mRtyunuM nAma pADyA vinA mRtyuno nirdeza "nivartana TANemAM thayo che. paMcamahAbhUtano banelo A mAnava potAnAmAM rahelA pAMca tattvo-pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu ane AkAzane bAhya vizALa mULa tattvomAM pAchA pharavA Adeza Ape che. ahIM mRtyunI maMgalatAno cIlAcAlu udghoSa nathI, kazAya abhiniveza vinA mRtyune bheTavAnI ahIM vAta che. je ApoApa mRtyunI maMgalatAnuM sUcana karI jAya che. "nivartana TANe mANavA dejo gAna mauna mane" 183 raNatI bhale'mAM mahAAhvAna TaMkorI supreme call bell - nA raNakArane AnaMdapUrvaka vadhAvavAnI temanI IcchA kAvyAMte pragaTa thaI che. mRtyunA nimaMtraNane kavi mRdu, saMvAdI, mukharamaMjula gaNAve che. e karNapriya ramyamaMjula "mRtyughaMTaDI' emane jANe bolAvatI hoya evuM kavine lAge che. kavi e mATe utsuka paNa che. beTAIe "prANAdhika ciraMjIva' emanA sadgata putrane saMbodhI lakhyuM. jemAM paNa potAne saMbhaLAtA mRtyumaMdira ghaMTAnI vAta karAI che. jyAM javA teo utsuka che. sadUgata putra sAthe jANe pote vArtAlApa karatA hoya evo anubhava kare che. "vatsa mRtyu bhale bhAse ghorasAgara nirjala" 144 kavi suMdarame gAMdhI hatyAne "muktinuM pratIka gaNI hatI. ('aho gAMdhI') prabhunI karuNAe ja sananana.... emane vIMdhI duHkhamaya saMsAramAMthI mukta karyAnuM kavi kahe che. kavi nhAnAlAlane aMjali ApatAM maMgala mRtyunI stuti kavi kare che. sva. paMDita nArAyaNa mo. khare. ne ajaMli ApatAM kavi suMdaram vicAre che. "emanI girisamAna unnata bhadra kAyA nihALI mRtyu e kAyazikhare jatAM jatAM hAMphI thAkI parAjayane pAmI pAchuM pharaze. ahIM mRtyunA mRtyunI vAta karavAmAM AvI che. - zrIdharANI mRtyune "sugaMdhI vAyu' tarIke oLakhAve che. ("mRtyune) mRtyuno dhanya sparza emane ko adezya sarjananI preraNA Apato hoya evI kalpanA karI che. jyAre "citA' kAvyamAM pote koI mahAkALanI paLe citAmAM baLajhaLI khAkha thaI jaze. tyAre mRtyu enuM mIThuM pratibiMba pAtharIne hasaze evI zraddhA vyakta thaI che. kavi zrIdharANI mRtyune "suMdara karuNatA' kahe che. citAnI e suMdara karuNatA nihALatAM mRtyuno karuNasuMdara bhAva kavine gamI jAya che. - kavi karasanadAsa mANeka jIvanane kArAgAra ane mRtyune "muktidAtA' gaNAve che. ("rAma tAro dIvaDo' 1964) "jIvanane joyuM pahelIvAra'mAM zarUmAM mRtyunI bhIti che. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S.

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 243 paNa pachI to teo yamanA Agamanane "ajavALuM' kahI biradAve che. je anaMta amRtano jANe ke anubhava karAve che. mRtyunI mahera thatAM muktino anubhava thAya che. "mRtyudUta' kavine mana "harino khepiyo' che. yamarAja pote jANe ke kahe che Izvara sAthe Ne prIta joDI che. ene yama-mRtyunI bhIti hotI nathI. ene mATe yamarAjanuM teDuM maMgalamaya ja banI rahe che, kAraNa dehanA gharamAMya e to "atithi'nI jema anAsakta bhAve raheto hoya che. ("yamagItA' "rAma tAro dIvaDo') mRtyu samaye kavinuM prANakapota IzvaramAM otaprota hoya, kAyAnA kaNekaNamAMthI zAMta saroda-sUra pragaTatA hoya evI jhaMkhanA vyakta thaI che. kavi premazaMkara bhaTTa mRtyune jiMdagInI moTI karuNatA nathI gaNatA. mRtyu karuNa che ja nahi. prema hoya tyAM mRtyu paNa maMgala banI jAya evI daDha zraddhA kavinI che. - kavi devajI moDhAnI kavitAmAM jiMdagIne arthavatI ane mRtyune mUlyavaMtu karavAno utsAha che. "khareluM pAMdaDuM Ama to kavinI ja manodazAnuM sUcaka che. kharyAsUkAM parNonI bhasmamAMthI lIlIchama jhUMpaLonAM kiraNo pragaTayA vinA rahetAM nathI. e mRtyuMjayI zraddhAnI dhruvajayotinuM kAvyanA pUrvAdhamAM ne AtmasamarpaNanA gaMgAvataraNanI ubhayamaMgala annapUrNA zaktinuM kAvyanA uttarArdhamAM varadamaMgala darzana kavie karAvyuM che. haMsa mAnase sidhAvI jaze, tyAre dharA piMjarane svagodamAM samAvIne dhanya banAvaze. ne poteya dhanya thaze, ne pachI pilAM emanAM paMcamahAbhUto sau potapotAnA aMza sAthe bhaLI jaze. tRSA'mAM saddagata patnIne svargamAM goThatuM nahIM hovAnI kavi moDhAe vAta karI che. kavi-patnI to svajanavIMTyA gharamAM svarga hovAnuM kahe che. potAnI jIvanasaMdhyAe agnideva pAse kavi tejasvI medhAnuM varadAna mAMge che. jethI gahana tamasanA tAga pAmI zakAya ne jIvana tathA mRtyunAM rahasyo ukelI zakAya. 1982mAM pragaTa thanArA "amRtA' kAvyasaMgrahamAM kavi potAnI sadgata patnIne janmAntaranI patnI tarIke biradAve che. kavi dUrakALanA snehasaMhitA' khaMDa-ramAM kavino zoka akhaMDa lIlAchama virATamAM AnaMdamaya parama premAspada AtmasvarUpamAM aMtarpita thato jovA maLe che. caitanyadhAmamAM, ke jyAM patnI gaI che, tyAM to sadA AnaMdanA ogha ja uchaLe che. ne tethI ja kavi zoka na karavA kahe che. kavi 2. va. desAI mRtyune ArAmadAyI sukhapUrNa khoLo kahe che. ("AkharasalAma) jIvananATakamAMnA priya aMka tarIke "mRtyune oLakhanAra kavinuM mRtyaciMtana maMgalamaya ja hoya. samajadAra jIva chellI salAma bharI nirAMte vidAya le che. "prabhAtanarmadA'nA kavi maganalAla bhudharabhAI paTela jIvana karatAM mRtyune vizeSa AnaMdaprada gaNAve che. zaizavamAM mRtyuno bhaya na hovAthI zaizavamAM maranAra mATe mRtyu maMgaladAyI gaNAya. kavi patIja deza kAje potAnuM samarpaNa karanAranA mRtyune sukhada gaNAve che. ne svAzrayI tathA parizramI mAnavanA mRtyune utsavathI paNa vadhu "maMgala' gaNAve che. jeno jIvanarasa bharapUra chalakyo hoya enuM maraNa uttama ja hoya, ne maMgala paNa. - kavi naMdakumAra pAThake to baMdhune ApelI aMjali ja "maMgala vidAya' zabda dvArA zarU karI che. bhAInuM maMgalamRtyu kavinA AtamarAmane jagADI jAya che. nalina maNizaMkara bhaTTa amRtatva mRtyunA svarUpanI hAMsI uDAvatuM hovAnI vAta kare che. mRtyu prabhuprerita hovAthI prabhunA AzIrvAda sAthe Ave che ne tethI e maMgala ja hoya. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 244 zAzvata AnaMdamAM nirvANanI temaja amRtanI prApti mATe jemaNe ghaNuM maMthana karyuM hatuM evA kavi goviMdasvAmInuM mRtyu khareja AnaMdabharyuM ne maMgala banI rahyuM. 1942nA yuddhanI bhaThThImAM ukaLI rahelA jagatanuM citra ApatAM kavi goviMda svAmI akAMDa mRtyu cIsane ura ThAratI gaNAve che. jyAM pachI "mRtyu' A badhA jhaMjhAvAtamAMthI mukti apAvanAra "muktidAtA' banI rahe che. prIta' (1968)nA kavi mInu desAIe mRtyune "mulAyama' rUpe joyuM che. kavie. "zrI araviMdanemAM "motane hasatuM' nIrakhavAno anubhava zabdabaddha karyo che. vibhUtinA suMdara, madhura, divya bhavya mRtyunuM kavi A rIte varNana kare che. "saMsArane tyajI e saMtazapyA para sUtA hatA, ne aMdhakAra dUra haDaselAyo hato. smitanAM mojAM uchaLatAM hatAM, paDachaMda deha anaMta rUpe opato hato. jANe na janmI ko kavitAno mRdaMgI chaMda. e virala saMtanuM darzana ja atyaMta kAvyamaya hatuM, dhavala rAjahaMsa samA e sUtelA dehanA gaLAmAM jANe mAlakaMsa laI divya rAgINI beThI hatI. "svapnavasaMta'nA kavi kusumAkaranA "prArthanA kAvyamAM rA. vi. pAThakanA "prabhu jIvana denA dhvani saMbhaLAya che. amRtasamuM mRtyu teo vAMchatA, tethI prArthe che. "madhu mRtyutANA vidhu amRta de' je "maMgalamRtyunI jhaMkhanAnuM ja sUcaka che. niravadhi rasanidhirUpa jIvanakinAre, mRtyunA akhaMDa AnaMda ovArA hovAnI zraddhA kavine che ("mAnasI haMsIne) "prakRtilIlA'mAM prakRtine A matya jagatamAM amRtalokanI rasasRSTinI sarjaka gaNAvAI che. mRtyunI mohinInAM kAmaNanI paNa vAta kare che. goviMda ha. paTela "mAtRvaMdanA' kAvyamAM sUkSmasmaraNarUpe rahelAM mAnuM maMgaladarzana karAve che. paNe tulasI choDathI vahetI gaMdha konI phUTI? kilola karI rahetuM koNa taru, vela ne patramAM?" (pR. 54, "mAtRvaMdanA') kavinI urabhAvanA A badhAM tattvomAM mAnI "maMgalamUrtinuM darzana kare che. "sagata manISAne kAvya Ama to satata kavinI karuNa manodazAnuM bhAna karAve che. paNa dIkarInA mRtadeha pAse pragaTAvAto dIvo, ne pachI nAnI jyotirUpa banI jatI bebI nijatvanA prakAza vaDe jANe kavipitAnA aMtarane ajavALI jAya che. "prakAzane dATI zakAya zuM? prazna dIkarInA mukhamAM mUkI kavi aMte mRtyunI maMgalatAnuM ja sUcana kare che. nisarganI nyArI lipi paNa jANe "prakAzane dATI zakAya zuM ?' praznane doharAvatI na hoya ? adhyAtmadarzananA yogI kavi prajArAma rAvaLa mAMgalyanA kavi che. "padmA' kAvyasaMgrahamAM sIdho mRtyusaMdarbha ocho che. paNa pratIkAtmaka rIte kyAMka kyAMka mRtyanuM mAMgalya jarUra vyakta thayuM che. jIvanAntanuM sUcana karatA "Aja dinAnta' kAvyamAM kAvyanAyakane jIvanane aMte badhuM zAMta, maMgala anubhavAya che. ihalokanA gADha saMsAravananA aMte mAhyalo ekalo ekAMtamAM UMDe UtarI jaI paramazAMtino anubhava kare che. ne jANe pote ja potAnuM paramatattvamAM vilInIkaraNa AsvAde che. zAMta muddAmaya nenathI eka virATa hRdaya dhIme dhIme lIna thatAM mRdu spaMdana teo paramadhanyatA sAthe nihALe che. mRtyunI prakriyA alaukika rIte pratIkAtmaka rUpe AnaMdamaya abhivyakti pAme che. "aMjali' kAvyamAM eja rIte amRtanI aMjalinA . P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 245 chaMTakAvano anubhava vyakta thayo che. AtmAnI aMdara DokiyuM karanAra tapasvI cittane satata koI divyabhavya rUpa hasatuM DhoLAtuM anubhavAyuM che. "yAtrAvirAma'mAM sAMketika rIte jIvanayAtrAnA virAmanI, mRtyunI vAta kahevAI che. mRtyu pachInA vizALa divya maMgala caitanyAnubhavanI vAta karAI che. "mukti' kAvyamAM prajArAme mRtyudvArA pasAtI muktinI sugaMdhanA sparze kAvyanAyakano prANa jANe jAgI UThato batAvyo che. mRtyune kavi muktigaMgAno ghATa' kahe che. ('padmA') zrI araviMdanA "jiMdagI' kAvyanA anuvAdakAvyamAM jIva ane zivanA sAyujyano nirdeza thayo che. jIvanamAM tRSNAno abhAva, ne mRtyunA zokano abhAva jIvana temaja mRtyu baMnenuM maMgala darzana karAve che. keDI'nA kavi bAdarAyaNa paNa mRtyune ciramuktinuM dvAra kahe che. "mRtyudvAra ciramuktinuM kAvyamAM bhArapUrvaka kavi jaNAve che ke, maraNajIvananA caitanyasrotane chinna karI zakatuM nathI. . manuSya ajJAna ane mamatvane kAraNe raDe che. bAkI mRtyu maMgalamaMdiranuM dvAra ja che. kavi amIdAsa kANakiyA AtmAne udbodhI racelA UrdhvaprayANa' kAvyamAM "mRtyune maMgalamahotsava' kahe che. pele pAra janAra AtmA koI navIna divya tejanuM darzana kare che. janAra jIvane pUrvamAM zAMta vareNya zreSTha prakAza dekhAya che. kudaratamAM cArebAju navuM sauMdarya laherAtuM anubhavAya che. janAra svajana priyatamAne jANe mRtyunI maMgalatAno paricaya Ape che. tyAM dUra unnata zailazRMgo navI zobhA vadhAre che. janAra AtmAne satkAravA jANe dhIre rave mRdaMgo bAje che. e divya dhAmamAM divyajIvana siMdhusrota sadA mahAle che. jayAM sthaLakALanAM baMdhano viramI jAya che. "maMgalamUrti kAvyamAM (dIpajayoti') paNa mRtyune maMgalamUrti tarIke kavi oLakhAve che. kavikalama ahI mRtyune jANe zaNagAra sajAve che. samRddha ane suMdara evA A jIvana jagata bAgano mALI jaDa ane kAlajIrNa thayelAne uchedI pheMkI daI bAgane suMdara ne praphullita rAkhe che. mRtyu dvArA jIvana jagatano bAga suMdara raheto hovAnuM kavi kahe che. kavi naTavaralAla paTela "javuM che paragAma' kAvyamAM sAMketika rIte, "mRtyu' zabdano viniyoga karyA vinA mRtyu pachInA agamya maMgala pradezamAM jaI ArAma ane zAMti meLavavAnI jIvanI jhaMkhanAne vyakta kare che. je mRtyunI maMgalatAnuM ja darzana karAve che. kavi cAMpazIbhAI udezI mRtyune navajIvananuM dvAra gaNAve che. ('mRtyu') mRtyu emanI daSTie jIrNoddhAra che. saMsAranAM karmonA pratinidhirUpa mRtyu maMgala ja hoya evI emanI zraddhA che. gAMdhIyuga-prema ane mRtyu prema, mRtyu ane karuNatA paraspara atyaMta nikaTatAthI saMkaLAyelAM tattvo che. A tattvone alaga alaga vicAravAnuM muzkela bane tema che. tema chatAM, kavioe mRtyu karatAM paNa "premane vadhu umadA gaNAvyo che. mRtyu para koI vijaya na meLavI zake, paNa prema meLavI zake. gujarAtI kavitAmAM dareka yugamAM mRtyu para premanA prabhAva, tathA premanI amaratAno nirdeza thayo che. gAMdhIyuganA kavioe paNa premanI amaratAne mana mUkIne gAI che. kavi rA. vi. pAThake. "chelluM darzana'mAM "prema ane mRtyumAM koNa caDe? e kahevuM muzkela bane e rIte baMnenI joradAra abhivyakti karI che. svajananA caherA para mRtyunI lipi vAMcatAM P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 246 duHkha paNa che. to sAthe sAthe buddhi ane hRdayanuM kaMTha paNa che. AMkhamAM AMsu to AvI ja gayAM che ene khALI kALajA para paththara mUkI "chelluM darzana' nayanane karI levA kavi vinave che. ahIM tattvajJAnInI taTasthatAne badale saMyamanI vedanA vadhu karuNagarbha bane che. sanAtanakALa mATe chUTA paDavAnI paristhiti mAthe jhaLaMbI rahI che, tyAre potAnA priyajananA saudaryane saheja paNa khaMDita na thavA devAno Agraha ApaNAM premakAvyomAM eka judI ja bhAta pADe che. sakhIne nAyaka enA sUkSma saudaryarUpe jue che. tethI to phUlapagale, parimalanI jema padhAravA vinave che. "gata jIvananI prIta sakhine AvavA nAyaka nimaMtre che. patnInA mRtyuthI bhAMgI paDelo, nirAza thayelo nAyaka Akhare dhIratA ane saMyamanA badhA baMdha tUTI jatAM jIvananA layane icche che. ne tethI sakhi na AvI zake to amRtano sahabhAgI karavA koI rIte amarabhUmimAM patine sAthI tarIke bolAve ema icche che. pote to dehanA piMjaramAM purAyelA che. sakhi jema UDatA nathI AvaDatuM. "sakhi jo praNayabhAvanuM phuraNa karAvatuM kAvya che. patnI mRtyu pAmatAM, veNImAM je kAvyapuSpo gUMthavAnAM hatAM, e tarpaNanI aMjalimAM ApavAnA rahe che. asahya vedanAne rA. vi. pAThake ahIM sragdharAmAM vahAvI che. jANe kusumo gUMthavA taiyAra karelo hAtha pAcho kheMcI levA-to na hoya ? "narmadAne Are" AvI nizA', "udgAra' ane "mAjhamarAta' gata priyajananAM smaraNo vAgoLatAM kAvyo che. emAM bhUta ane vartamAna vaccenI viSamatA vAraMvAra yAda karI nAyaka viSAdathI gherAya che. smaraNanuM duHkha karuNA banIne vahe che. aphATa retImAM smaraNonA vIraDA gALavAnA mithyA pravAsa jevuM nAyakanuM jIvana asahya bane che. "udgAra'mAM paNa smRtinA vividha raMgono Alekha che. smaraNomAM rAcavA chatAM jIvanamAM ekaluM lAgatAM sadgata patnInA sAnnidhyanI tarasa jAge che. svapnamAMya sakhInA sAnnidhyanI tIvra jhaMkhanAnI uttama nakazI sAdI saraLa bhASAmAM kavie gUMthI che. manamAM sadgatanI avanavI mUrti kaMDArAtI rahe che. avaza AtmA jUnA rasano tarasyo hovAthI rasa mAge che. to "mAjhama rAta" kAvya paNa smaraNonA taMtu para viraha viSAdanuM jhINuM gIta saMbhaLAve che. mRtyujanya vipralaMbhazRMgAra, bhInI mIThI yAdo, prema ane mRtyune pAsapAse mUkI Ape che. premanI atUTatA para kALanA dustara pANI pharI vaLe che ne kavi potAnI sthitine vRkSanA TUMThA jevI kahyuM che. priyAnuM, hoTha para AMgaLI mUkeluM mukha yAda AvatAM pAcho viSAda vyApe che. "ociMtI Urmi paNa smRti kAvya ja che. sUryAsta thatAM pUrvAkAzamAM dekhAtA pUnamacaMdramAM nAyakane potAnI sadgata sakhinuM mukha dekhAya che. cittano saMkSobha AMsu banIne khare che. jIvanapothInA e pAnAmAM khareluM smaraNa azrubiMdu janmAve che. gulAbane badale nizigaMdhAnI prItajhaMkhanA vyakta thaI che. smaraNonI adIThI nizigaMdhA sadgata priyAne sanmukha karI Apaze evI kavinI (kAvyanAyaka) zraddhA vyakta thaI che. pachI ekAMtamAM bane goSThi karaze. tethI to uSAne badale saMdhyA pratyenI prIta vyakta thaI che. kAraNa pachI rAtri, aMdhakAra, nizigaMdhA, eTale "mRtyu ane e pachI sadgata priyAnuM zAzvata sAnnidhya. kavi meghANI premane amasya mAne che. svajana mRtyu pAmatAM premanuM kaMI avasAna thatuM P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 247 nathI. UlaTuM svajana jatAM prema vadhu vyApaka ne vizALa bane che. patnI mRtyu pAmavA chatAM enI saMnidhino anubhava mRtyu paranA premanA vijayane sUcave che. vyaktinuM mRtyu premane mArI zakatuM nathI. ('taddare tattike kasuMbIno raMga') kavi umAzaMkara mRtyune prItane haiye cUMTAyeluM "rasAyana' kahe che. "mRtyuthI jANazo prIti' kAdaMbarIe mokalelA e snehasaMdezA parathI racAyelA kAvyamAM kavi prema ane mRtyuno ekasAthe mahimA gAya che. to tAjamahelane meM tAja joyo) snehanI zahenazAhInA sAja tarIke oLakhAve che. ekAMta e yamunA taTe yamadevano sukumAra saumya lihAja" kapa zAhajahAM mumatAjhane aMjali ApatA hoya evI kalpanA kavie karI che. mumatAjhanA maraNa pachI smaraNo zAhajahAMne dajhADe che. svajananA mRtyu bAda pAchaLa rahenAra svajananI avadazAno citAra apAyo che. "thIyuM maraNa zaityamAM vidhuruM prItinuM azru A jhakhyuM amara mRtyugIta, nayano thakI zrAvya A, suhAgI yamunA taTe hRdayanuM mahAkAvya A" " mumatAja pAse to yamadeva paNa sukumAra, saumyarUpa dharIne Ave. sneha ane sauMdarya sAme kALane mohatAja thato kavie joyo. "mahAprasthAna' kAvyamAM pAMDavonI amIchAyA nIce potAnI yAtrA pUrI karI vidAya letI draupadI paNa snehavijaya gAtAM, mRtyu karatAM snehano mahimA vizeSa hovAnuM kahe che. nakula mRtyu sAme amatya evA jIvanasaudaryano jayajayakAra bolI vidAya mAge che. mRtyu para jIvana saudaryanA vijayanI vAta kavie nakulanA mukhe mUkI che. "mRtyu pIdhelo zabda' rAvajI paTelanI smRtimAM umAzaMkare racyuM. ("dhArAvastra') kavi kahe che. AyuSya koIne na ApI zakAya. prema to ApI zakAya ne? mRtyu mAnavanA zarIrane mArI zake, prematatvane nahi. rAvajInA zabdo mRtyu pIneya jIvaMta, amara banyAnuM kavi kahe che. mRtyu sAthe dostIno hAtha laMbAvyAnI vAta "mRtyuSaNa'mAM kavie karI che. mRtyunuM svarUpa vhAlapane varasAvatuM paNa hoya. daSTine pasavAratuM mUdu kiraNa banIneya e Ave. mRtyu to jIvanamAM mIThAzane prasarAve che. kavinI daSTie prema ane mRtyu judAM nathI. mRtyuno kImiyo ja e che ke premAmRtane sarjI Ape. premavijayitrI tathA mRtyuvijayitrI sAvitrIne kavi ahIM yAda kare che. mRtyu para, ne mRtyu pAra paNa sAvitrInI prIti hatI. a-mRta prema, prema amRta premAmRta e ja jIvana" pac7 premadvArA mRtyu para vijaya meLavavAnI vAta kavi kare che. kavi umAzaMkare premano ahIM vyApaka svarUpe vicAra karyo che. prabhupremanI paNa vAta ahIM karAI che. mRtyu dvArA ja prabhune pAmI zakAya. kavi kahe che. "koI eka kSaNanI vanikA haTAvI mRtyu svayaM bolI raheze" le prabhu sAthe tAre hAtha milAvavA hatA ne ? 18 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. "Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 248 mRtyu eTale prabhu sAthenuM hastadhUnana. prema ane mRtyunI anubhUtionI sAthe cAlatI ne aMte baMne ekarUpa thatI "pIcho'mAM batAvI che. amRta pArAvArane kinAre besADI Izvara mAnavane tarasyA rAkhato hovAnuM anubhavAya che. 1948mAM "unmeSa' nAmano saMgraha ApanAra kavi indulAla gAMdhI "prema ane mRtyunI bhAvanAne rajU karatAM praNayavaiphalyane pariNAme AtmahatyA karanArI premikAnA smaraNamAM valopAta karatA nAyakanuM citra Ape che. 196ramAM "uttarIya' nAmano saMgraha ApanAra indulAla zAhajahAMne "praNayazreSTha' tarIke biradAve che. kavi kahe che. mumatAjhane zAhajahAM prabhAtanuM puSpa' kahetA. ene acAnaka saMdhyAne mArga, vilayane mArge vaLAvyAno aphasosa emane che ja. paNa premasmaraNo to amara che. e prema ane rUpa to samAdhimaMdiramAM mRti cAdare DhaMkAyeluM paDyuM ja che. kavi indulAlane prIta para bhAre zraddhA tethIja to teo mAne che ke kavi kadI marato nathI. ekaeka haiyAmAM potAnI paramaciMtana prIta hovAnI emanI zraddhA che. eja to premano mRtyu parano vijaya. "koNa nathI ekAkI'mAM priyatamAne mUkIne javAnuM gamatuM nathI, evA nAyakanA duHkha paritApanI vAta che. "zodhI rahI che'mAM sadgata patinI patnI hajuya, khovAI gayelA svajanane sarvatra zodhatI hoya evI kalpanA karavAmAM AvI che. mRtyu vaDe amara banI amRtabiMdu banI priyatamA pAse kAvya nAyaka AvyAnI pratIti ahIM vyakta karAI che. sUkSmade AvIne jANe potAnA atUTa ane ajeya premano paricaya Ape che. je mRtyu paranA vijayanuM sUcaka che. kavi pUjAlAle "sahadharmacAriNI' ane 'jhukAvIe" (gurjarI)mAM dAMpatyaprema vaDe maraNa chAMyane dUra karavAnA abhilASane vyakta karyo che. premanA atUTa tAMtaNe mRtyunA mukhane vidIrNa karavAnI abhilASA vyakta karAI che. prema mRtyuneya mahAta karI zakaze evI zraddhA ahIM vyakta thaI che. "viprayoga" ("sopAnikA')mAM priyajananA avasAnano nirdeza karI premano mahimA kavie gAyo che. kALanI thapATa vAgatAM mAnava to mRtyunI dRSTAmAM samAI jAya che. paNa satyapremanA UMDA virahamAMthI janmelI vedanA amara rahe che. vyakti bhale amara na rahe. paNa prema ane vedanA amara rahe che. "ratine AzvAsana'mAM eka viziSTa prakArano mRtyusaMdarbha vaNAyo che. kAmadeva mRtyu pAmIne vizALa svarUpe sUkSmarUpe aNuaNumAM potAno premaprasAda arpI rahyAnuM kavi ratine samajAve che. kavi ratine ananya anurAgano cAMllo potAnA kapALamAM karavA kahe che. ne gaLAmAM paramapremInA motIno hAra paherI amRtAtma AnaMdano amara rAsa racavAnuM kahe che. ahIM anaMga marIneya amara thayAnI, premabaLe mRtyuMjayI banI navA pAMca divya zare saune vivaza karyAnI vAta kavi kare che. je premanA vijayanuM pratIka che. mRtyu ke ziva kAmadevane, premane mArI na zake. bahu bahu to ene anaMga banAvI zake. kavi ratubhAI desAI judI ja rIte premano mahimA gAya che. teo kahe che, svargamAM amara maMgala jIvana haze. e kabUla, paraMtu praNayabhagna karo tyAM nahi vasatAM hoya. ratubhAI mRtyu ane premane kadAca parasparanAM paryAya gaNe che. prema te zuM mRtyu mRtyu te zuM prema" 19 prema jo samarpaNa che, to mRtyu paNa samarpaNa ja che. prema e kavi ratubhAInuM moTuM zraddhAbaLa P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Sun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 249 che. patnInuM avasAna thavA chatAM, patnI samIpamAM nathI evuM teo mAnI zakatA nathI. ("khaMDeranI jhurApo') phera eTalo ke pahelA je dezyarUpa hatI te have adezyarUpe che. patnInA svarane koyalanA svaramAM pAmavAno, smRtinI haritakuMja, vasaMtanA puSpakuMje, tathA jalasthala kerI nAbhimAMthI UThatA koI darzane pAmavAnI zraddhA vyakta thaI che. rasa, rUpa, gaMdha, sparza sivAyanA koI agocara gAtre e premamUrti pamAze evuM sata patnI kahetI hoya evuM anubhavAya che. - kavi suMdarajI beTAI mitranA avasAna nimitte lakhelAM kAvyomAM mRtyu karatAM premano mahimA vizeSa hovAnuM kahe che. "milana' kAvyamAM mRtyu maitrIne naSTa na karI zake evI zraddhA vyakta thaI che. mitramRtyu kavinI daSTine vizALa banAve che. "sUkSmadarzana'mAM paNa e ja zraddhAsUra saMbhaLAya che. smRtideha dhAraNa karI abhivyakta thayelA e sUkSma sauMdaryane kavi bhUlavA mAgatA nathI. kavi sadUgata mitrane uddezI kahe che. teM to dharyA aNagaNyA smRtideha vhAlA" 170 vyakti-premamAM ruMdhAI gayelA AtmanIrane kavi vyApaka banAvavA icche che. 1959nA phebruArImAM patnInA avasAna nimitte pragaTa thayelI beTAInI kRti "saddagata candrazIlAne prItinI gahanatA, viyoganI aMtagUDha ghanavyathA tathA yathArthanA gauravano samanvaya che. caMdravadana mahetA A kAvyane "valakhyA vinAnA premAlApa' tarIke oLakhAve che. dhRtimaMgala vyaktitvanI sugaMdhane mRtyu bALI na zake ke naSTa na karI zake. mRtyunI A kavitA premamAMthI janmI hovAthI mRtyunuM maMgaladarzana zakya banyuM che. 1961mAM pragaTa thayelA "tulasIdala' saMgrahamAMnA "zrAvaNI jharamara' tathA "sakhIhRdayamaMDanA'mAM patnInAM smaraNo premanI ja mahattAnuM sUcaka che. je sahavAsanI raTaNAne tIvra banAve che. nAyaka jaNe saddagata patnIno sahavAsa anubhave che. mRtyu premane mArI zakatuM nathI e ahIM batAvAyuM che. zrAvaNI zukla paMcamI' saddagata caMdrazIlAnI puNyatithi jANe vasaMtapaMcamI banI jAya che. bhUtakALanAM premasmaraNonuM saudarya kavinA aMtaranI amAsane ajavALe che. A kavi suMdaram paNa svajanamRtyunA smaraNano nirdeza karatAM premano mahimA gAya che. "anudIkarI'mAM dIkarInA avasAnane ghaNo samaya thavA chatAM ukhaLatAM smaraNonI tAdazatA premanI atUTatAno ja paricaya Ape che. anu jevuM ja hasatI kanyAmAM kavi potAnI saMgata putrInAM darzana kare che. mRtyu, premanI bhAvanAne A rIte vizALa banAvatuM hovAnI vAta ahIM thaI che. kavi zrIdharANIe "nidhananI pachIte' nAmanuM premano mahimA gAtuM kAvya lakhyuM che. ("koDiyAM') On the background of Death' jemAM nAyakanA nayanamAM nahi, paNa hRdamAMya lohInItaryuM azrubiMdu sthira thayAnI vAta kavie karI che. prabhAta thatAM sudhImAM to e hRdayarAja mUgo banI potAne agnidAha deze. ne tyAre e duHkha nahi anubhave ? "racela tava citra meM nidhananI pachIte ane prabhA tarala nenanI, kamaLalAlI gAlo taNI" 11 P.P.Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 250 mRtyunA pratisvarUpane dharI priya patnInA rUpane pAmavAno nAyake ahIM prayAsa karyo che. mRtyu premanA sauMdaryane vidArI zakatuM nathI. mRtyunI pArzvabhUmimAM kavie priyAnuM suMdara citra doryuM che ne tethI kadAca samagra vizvane pachADI nAkhe evI ghaTanA chatAM, nAyakanA hAthamAM mRta patnInuM ziza hovA chatAM kaMpa thato nathI. mRtyunA sAnnidhyamAM priyapatnInuM saudarya anupama lAge che. aMte nayanajyota jhAMkhI thaI vilAI jAya che. snehamAM eTalo badho vizvAsa che ke patnI mRtyu pAmavA chatAM, koI thaDakAra ke kaMpana nathI. "chatAMya smaraNamAM svajana mRtyuthI thatI vedanAne vAcA ApavAmAM AvI che. mRtyuno Dara na hovA chatAM svajanane vidAya ApavAnuM kaparuM che. tema chatAM kAvyanAyakane zraddhA che, ke mRtyu snehanI ke snehInI smRtine naSTa karI zakatuM nathI. mRtyu snehIne laI jaI zake, snehane nahi. karasanadAsa mANeka paNa "jIvo ne jIvavA do'mAM premanI sarvoparItAne vAcA Ape che. ("Alabela') tAja pAse-prema pAse kALa paNa parAsta thaI bahAra Ubho rahe che. kAlapati khuda premabhAvanAnAM rakhavALAM kare che. kavi premazaMkara bhaTTa dezapremanI vAta karatI veLA premanuM mUlya samajAve che. zahIdone zriddhAMjali ApatuM "vaNakaranuM kAvya'mAM mRtyune jiMdagInI evI moTI karuNatA gAvAmAM nathI AvI. kavi kahe che, mRtyu karuNa che ja nahi. prema hoya tyAM mRtyu paNa maMgala banI jAya che. ("dharitrI') "majhadhAremAM prema ane mRtyune kavie sAthe sAMkaLyA che. priyatama jatAM madhadariye tophAna vacce sapaDAyelI ekAkinI nAyikAnI nirAdhArI ahIM suMdara virodhAbhAsa race che. madhadariye vaNaciMtavyA vidhie dIdho prema sUtuM kheMcI, skoDa, daga rAkhI sAjanadaze" 2 ('majhadhAre) priyajananI smRti najarasamakSa rAkhI mRtyuno svIkAra ahIM karAyo che. smaraNo ahIM premanA, mRtyu paranuM vijayapratIka banI rahe che. devajI moDhAnAM kAvyomAM to TheraThera "prema smaraNa mahimA' ubharato jovA maLe che. snehI mRtyu pAme che paNa sneha to amara che. snehavaza karuNatA ja to havAI kalpanAne janmAve che. saddagata patnIne pAchI pharavAnuM apAtuM nimaMtraNa premanI ajeyatAnuM, premanI parAkASThAnuM sUcana kare che. patnInA avasAnane mahinAo thaI gayAM chatAM, sahavAsasmaraNo lupta thatAM nathI. smaraNa zAraDI banI vadhe che. patnI pAchI AvIne jANe patinI AMkha dabAve che. sparza dhvani mahekane teo oLakhI kADhe che. A bhramaNA paNa premanI ja parisImA, je darzAve che ke mRtyu premane mArI zakatuM nathI, lupta karI zakatuM nathI. saddagata patnInA Agamane thato AnaMdAnubhava premanI amaratAnuM sUcana kare che. premanA advaitanI parAkASThA to tyAM ke svargastha patnI svarge besI phUlanA hAra gUMthe che, tyAre soyano jheDako ahIM pRthvI para patine vAge che: devajI moDhAnA amRtA' kAvyasaMgraha mATe rAmaprasAda lakhe che "mRta chatAM "amRtA' evAM kavipatnIe "amRtA' nAmakaraNanI preraNA ApI hoya." viraha agnimAM tAro' kAvya paNa patnI sAthenA sahavAsanAM smaraNane vAcA Ape che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 251 AtmAnuM aikya baMne vacce sadhAyuM hatuM. chatAM viSAdamaya haiye kavi kabUle che ke zarIranuM dvata haju maTyuM nahi, nahi to AvuM bane ja kema? eka zarIra cAlyuM jAya, ne bIjuM ahIM zI rIte rahe? kAvyanAyakano patnIsneha vicitra kalpanAo kare che. mRtyu pachInA pradeze jaI patnI sukhI thaI che ema mAnavAnI jarUra nathI. pati jema ahIM pRthvI para virahaagnimAM zakAya che, ema patnI paNa tyAM mRtyupAranA pradezamAM virahamAM zekAya che. teo mukti nathI pAmyAM. pRthvI paranAM snehIyugalanAM "premAdvaita' e ja kharI muktino anubhava. "jIvatA hazuM'mAM potAnA ja mRtyunI kalpanA karato kAvyanAyaka potAnI dhULa hastI maTI javA chatAM, sUkSmapaNe to niraMtara rahevAnI, zraddhA dharAve che. kavi kahe che sagata svajananA snehane amara rAkhavAno eka ja upAya che, smaraNo. bIjuM kazuM ja mAnavanA hAthamAM rahetuM nathI. smaraNo ja ene jIvavAnuM baLa Ape che. mitraputranA avasAna vakhate svAnubhavanI vedanAne kAraNe putra sAthe jIvelI badhI kSaNone smaraNadvArA pharI jIvI levAno anurodha kare che. kavi jayendrAya dUrakALa "jIvana" kAvyamAM dAMpatyajIvananAM atIta smaraNo vAgoLe che. teo sadUgata patnInA mukha paranI zAMti tathA medhAne yAda kare che. nehabhInA mALAnI madhamIThI kokilA UDI gayAnuM darda ochuM nathI. sadUgata patnI nehanI vyApakatA tathA vizALatAnuM darzana karAve che. acabAne, cavyo banAvI de che. "rUDha saMskAramAM vyakta thayelAM patnI sAthenA sahavAsasmaraNo, enI saurabha, mAdhurya tathA aSADha helI premanI amaratAnuM ja sUcana kare che. patnInI janmatithie vadhu satAvatAM smaraNonI vAta "janmadina' kAvyamAM karAI che. mRtyuno Dara jene jarApaNa na hato, evI sadgata patnInI janmatithi patnInA saMdezathI bhInI bhAvavAhI snehavibhora banI UThe che. je premanI amaratAnuM sUcana kare che. patnInuM avasAna thayuM che, snehasmaraNanuM nahi. sadgatanA samagra vyaktitvanuM sauMdarya smRtipathamAM prasarI rahe che. devapUjA karavA besatI vakhateya viSAdajanya agrupUrNa saMsmaraNo jAgI UThe che. je aMte prabhu mATeno prasAda banI rahe che. kavi dezaLajI paramAra paNa ema mAne che ke "snehane mRtyu na hoya' "sA gatA'mAM potAne smaraNasaMge mUkI cAlI gayelI patnIno viSAda jarUra che, paNa snehanI amaratAmAM emane zraddhA che ja. maraNa duHkha bhale Ape, paNa snehanI zAzvata anubhUti karAve che. je kAvyanAyaka mATe moTuM AzvAsana banI rahe che. 2. va. desAI "AzAkAvya'mAM anya kavionI jema "mRtyu paranA premanA vijayane gAya che. (nihArikA') sanAtana premarItane motanI bIka nathI. premamAM mRtyu paNa sahya bane. "vidhavA' kAvyamAM paNa snehasmaraNanI ja vAta che. priyatamanI eMdhANInI pRcchA nAyikA "mRtyune kare che. kAraNa "mRtyu ja have priyatama vize kaMIka kahI zake. "mRtyune AvI pRcchA karavAnI hiMmata paNa snehane ja AbhArI che. "prabhAtanarmadA'nA kavi maganabhAI paTela ('patIla') "mahebUbanA vasaphamAM' kAvyamAM premano mRtyu parano vijaya gAya che. kAvyanAyakane priyatamAnAM AMsumAM "Abekhijhara'no (amRtano jharo dekhAya che. motaneya mAravA UbhelI priyAno prema svajananA mRtyune paNa haMphAvI zake. kyAreka svajanamRtyu asahya pIDA ane paritApa anubhavAve che. smaraNo P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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sukha Ape evuM haMmezAM banatuM nathI. jazabhAI kA. paTelanA "sadAnuM si" kAvyamAM patnInA avasAne zatadhA khaMDita banelA hadayanI abhivyakti che. kAyama mATe cAlI gayelI priyAnA virahamAM kAvyanAyakane have mAtra zekAvAnuM ja rahe che. - kavi zaMkaralAla paMDyAe "maNikAnta kAvyamALA' pragaTa karI. jemAM prema ane mRtyunI eka karuNa kathA "nirbhAgI nirmaLa yA ne eka yuvakanI karuNAjanaka premakathA'mAM sneha khAtara mRtyune paraNI besatI nAyikAnI ghaTanA snehanA mRtyu paranA vijayane prasthApita karI Ape che. ne aMte nirmaLAnI yAda na bhulAtAM premI zazikAnta paNa nadIkinAre bhekhaDa parathI nadImAM paDe che. "vidyutanA camakArathI caLakATa jaLamAM thaI rahyo "he nirmaLA' evuM vadI zazikAnta jaLavAsI thayo" 13 nilinI parAga'nA kavi nalina maNizaMkara bhaTTa "ghA karI temAM priyajananA haste madhuruM maraNa pAmavAnI jhaMkhanAne vAcA Ape che. to "vilApa' kAvyamAM priyA svarge gaI hovA chatAM, enI jIvaMta pratikRtinA darzananI vAta vyakta thaI che. priyatamAnA zunyamAM bhaLI gaI che. evo vicAra marmavedhaka hovA chatAM jIvana karatAM maraNane kavi vizeSa netranI najarane smRtibaddha karAI che. sahavAsanAM mIThAM sukhada svapno vilIna thaI javA chatAM, smaraNo to rahe ja che. to "anAra' nAmanA khaMDakAvyamAM kavi nalina bhaTTa snehano mRtyu parano vijaya gAya che. potAne keda karAtAM priyatamanA madhura smaraNa sAthe maraNano svIkAra karavAnuM premikA anAra iSTa mAne che. premIonAM zarIrane chedI zakAya, AtmAne nahi. anAranI premabhAvanA sUkSma che. e mAne che ke mRtyu pachI ja kharA jIvananI zarUAta thavAnI, pachI sUkSma zarIra vaDe salImanA hRdayamAM, aNuaNumAM vyApI jaI ene bamaNo prema karI zakaze. premanA baLe, maraNane paNa tuccha banAvI dIdhuM. mitrane, premIne maLavA jatI hoya tema anAre mRtyune maLavA prayANa karyuM. IhalokamAM enA premane koI aTakAve, mRtyu pachI koNa aTakAvavAnuM ? salImanAM azruno abhiSeka kabaramAM paNa ene zAMti arpaze evI zraddhA anAranI hatI. enA premanI hatI. anAra eTale mUrtimaMta prema. zAMtilAla ThAkare goviMda ha. paTelanA "tapovana' kAvyane astitva mAtranA zAsaka yama ke atula zaktimaya prema ? e praznanA uttara tarIke oLakhAvyuM che. sAmAnya rIte kane laI javA mATe yamadUto Ave. paraMtu satyavAnanA prANane laI javA yamane svayaM tasdI kema levI paDI enuM sarasa kAraNa ApatAM kavi kahe che zIla, saMyama tathA prema sAvitrInA hRdayamAM che. to premanI e jvALA sahana na karI zake tethI satyavAnanA prANa levA yama pote Ave che. satyavAnanA prANane pAza karI prayANa karatA yamane koI ajJAta zakti (premanI) rokI rahI che. A sthitimAM UbhA rahI gayelA yama sAthe mitratA karavI sAvitrIne Avazyaka lAge che. (prema yamaneya rokI zake) prema pAse khuda yamadeva potAno parAjaya svIkAre. . . P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 253 "puNyogharUpa tanayA, tava premadharme durgharSa kALarUpa, A yamane jItyo" * puNya ane dharmabaLe karIne sAvitrIe duSkara evuM, yamane parAjita karavAnuM kArya karyuM. gulAbadAsa brokare "rAjahaMsanuM avasAna" nAmanA khaMDakAvyamAM kamaLa ane haMsanI prItadvArA pratIkAtmaka rIte prema tathA mRtyu baMneno mahimA gAyo che. "svapnavasaMta'nA kavi kusumAkare chellI rAte' kAvyamAM prema ane mRtyune sAthe sAMkaLatAM, priyatamAnA chellA AliMganamAM potAnI jAtanI saphaLatA jatA kAvyanAyakanuM citra ApyuM che. ahIM agrima rAta ane aMtima rAtane eka jaNAvI AraMbhamAM samAyelA aMtano nirdeza thayo che. prema karatAM karatAM mRtyu Ave to paNa nAyaka ene vadhu zreyaskara mAne che. sAlika popaTiyAe "rajhaLatuM nahi maLe' kAvyamAM premamAM phanA thavAnI vAta para bhAra mUkyo che. kavi kahe che "sAlikane yAda karI koI nayana bhInAM karaze, enI priyA enI yAdamAM jhUraze tyAre rajhaLatuM badana paNa vizvane nahi maLe. ("nayanadhArA') "na samajAvI zakyuM koImAM paNa mRtyunI anivAryatAno nirdeza karatAM kavi kahe che ke premIonA jhurApAne mRtyu ja visAmo ApI zake. premanuM atUTa baLa paNa mRtyune pAchuM pheravI zakatuM nathI. amIdAsa kANakiyAe "mane choDI jaze" mAM premAatanA darzanano nirdeza karyo che. "caMdrazaMkaranA kAvyo'mAM "videhane'mAM dehanA avasAnathI snehanuM avasAna na thatuM hovAnI vAta karI che. sneha kadI avasAnane oLakhato nathI. smaraNo AMsu banI ubharAya eja to che mRtyu parano vijaya. gAMdhIyuga - vIramRtyu tathA yuddhajanya karuNa rASTrIya zAyara sva. meghANInAM svAtaMtryayuddhanAM kAvyo vIra ane karuNane pragaTa kare che. pIDitonI vedanA kavinI kalamamAMthI aMgArA banIne jhare che. kavi meghANInI kavitAmAM mRtyusaMdarbha mahaddaaMze svAtaMtryasaMgrAmanA eTale ke vIratvanA saMdarbhamAM jovA maLe che. kasuMbIno raMga'mAM sIdho mRtyusaMdarbha nathI. paNa gAMdhIyuganuM tema ja svAtaMtryasaMgrAmanA juvALanuM pratibiMba muktikyAre potAnAM prANanI Ahuti ApanAra vIronAM lIlAM balidAnanI gAthAmAM jovA maLe che. "UTho" kAvya vIratva sabhara motane AmaMtraNa ApatuM kAvya che. vIro "mRtyunA siMdhu' valovIne amRta varavA medAnamAM sidhAvyAno ahIM nirdeza che. raNasaMgrAmane meghANIe "kALanI kacerI' kahyo che. "chellI prArthanAmAM svAtaMtryasaMgrAmamAM jhUjhanAranI "aMtima icchA' pragaTa thaI che. A kAvya AIrIza kavi (1930) sva. mesvInInA eka uddagAra parathI kavine sUjheluM che. jemAM vatana kAje marI phITavAnI dhanya ghaDInA svIkAranI utsuktA nirUpAI che. raNamAM mRtyupathArI vakhate svajano to pAse hovAnAM nahi. tyAre prabhune chellAM nIra pAvA vIra vinaMti kare che. laDanArA mATe vIratvasUcaka raNakhaMjarI bajAvavA ne zahAdata pAmelA mATe madhurI baMsarInA sUra vaDe aMtima vidAya ApavA kAvyanAyaka Izvarane prArthe che. "vidAyamAM zahIda thayelA ghelAone yAda karI potAnI sukhI jiMdagIne khalela pahoMcADavAnI to vIro nA pADe che. paNa jo svAdhInatA Ave to ekAda nAnI paLa A vIronI zahAdatane yAda karI levAya evI icchA teo jarUra P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust .

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 254 rAkhe che. "phUlamALa' (1931) kAvya sva. vIrabhagatasiMhane apAyelI phAMsInA prasaMgane vaNe che. kavi kahe che "vIrA tArI nahi re jape prANajhALa ThArelI bhale TADhiyuM hojI....jI TADhI ThArI devAthI kAMI prANajhALa TharavAnI nathI. eka bhagatasiMha marAtAM bIjA hajAra . pragaTavAnA. kavi meghANIe bhagatasiMhanI zahAdatane bharapUra vatsalatAthI lADa laDAvyA che. kAcI kaLI jevI uMmaramAM bhagatasiMhe zahAdatanI bhabhUta coLI hatI. bhagatasiMhane phAMsI apAI nathI. "phUlamALa' paherAvAI che. sAme cAlIne mRtyune poMkhaNe gayelA bhagatasiMhane kavi utsAhathI biradAve che. "AkharI saMdeza"mAM "dhI nyujha oNpha eTala' nAmanA aMgrejI beleDane AdhAre kavi meghANI azubha samAcAra laI AvanAra raNadUtanA maunano viziSTa saMta gUMthe che. "kulavaMtInA kaMtha" "jIvatA che ke marelA" e ekaja pRcchAnA javAbamAM raNadUtanI sukAyelI jIbha, nIce jhUkelI AMkha sAthe, bhAMgelo bhAlo jhulAvI, triraMgI dhvaja pharakAvavA saune jaNAve che. dezakAje mRtyune parAjita karanAra vIronI gAthAno A saMdeza che. ravIndranAthanA kathAgIta "baMdIvIra' parathI racAyelA "vIrabaMdo'mAM zIkhonA putro pAse jayagurudevanA nAde hAtha joDI jhUkI jatA jIvanamRtyune kavi nirUpe che. yuddhamAM zIkho ane mugaloe maraNabAtha bharI - | ne "eka dina paMcasiMdhune tIra macI gaI zahIda-zabonI bhIDa 101 zrImatI lokastenA "sama baDIjha DArliMga parathI zahAdatane varelA ajANyA lADakavAyAnuM gIta "koIno lADakavAyo' kavie racyuM. e lADakavAyAnI cirazAMtimAM khalela na paDe mATe haLavekathI paga saMcaravA kavi saune vinave che. dhUpasaLI dharI praNAma karI kAnamAM prabhupada uccaravA jaNAve che. "sUnA samadaranI pALe paNa anusarjana che. dUra samudratIre raNasaMgrAma pUro thayA pachI eka namatI sAMje chellA zvAsa laI rahelA yuvAne enA sAthIdArane ApelA saMdezanI vAta che. bApunI tega ToDale jhulAvI tyAM ghIno dIvo peTAvavA kaheNa mokalela che. cAMdanIrasita suda AThamanI rAtanA A premapaMkheruM UDI gayAno saMdezo maranAranI priya patnIne ApavA paNa ahIM jaNAvAyuM che. potAnA dAMpatya sukhano TUMko itihAsa saMdezavAhakane kahI e vIra aMtima visAme pahoMcI jAya che. "dharaNI mAge che bhoga' 1930nA saMgrAmakALanA prAraMbhe lakhAyeluM eka maulika kAvya che. jemAM vatana mATe kabaramAMthI kaMkAlone, masANanAM maDadAMne paNa UbhAM karavAno Adeza apAya che. sainika trivikramanA zabanuM darzana karatAM 1930mAM kArAvAsamAM "mRtyuno garabo' kAvya lakhAya che. jemAM mRtyune maMgalarUpe varNavyuM che. nirbhaya lokone mRtyudevInuM mukha suMdara ane raLiyAta lAge che. "zivAjInuM hAlaraDuM' ('killola')mAM sIdho mRtyusaMdarbha nathI. paNa bhAvi motanI eMdhANI jarUra apAI che. pachI to motanA TADhA vAyu vAvAnA che ja che. tethI, bALakane, zivAjIne jIjIbAI, mAnI godamAM nirAMte UMghI levA jaNAve che. - 1940mAM meghANI "ekatAro Ape che. 1930nA rASTrasaMgrAmane uddezI lakhAyelA "motanA kaMkughoLaNa' kAvyamAM "rASTrakAje mRtyu pAmavAnI vAtane kavi adako lagnotsava tarIke oLakhAve che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 255 ropAya maMDapa motanA gurjarI kere gharaghare" 15 cAreya bAju gahekatA maraNamayUronuM svAgata karavA utsuka mIMDhaLabaMdhA navapariNItonI, zIza samarpI devAnI bhAvanAne kavi ahIM zabdabaddha kare che. rAjakIya baMdIvAnonI dazA sudhAravA mATe boMtera divasanA maraNAMta ane anazanane aMte (1929) potAnA dehane mRtyunI godamAM dharI denAra jatIndranA mRtyune kavi "maMgala avasara' tarIke biradAvatAM azrunI vAdaLIne dUra cAlI javA kahe che. yuddhamAM khapI jaI akSaya kIrti pAmelA kalyANanI kathAmAM caMdravadana mahetA vIramRtyuno saMdarbha racI Ape che. putra haNAtAM, mA ahIM duHkha nahi, gaurava anubhave che. vIramRtyunuM gaurava ahIM prasthApita thayuM che. svataMtratA" kAvyamAM caMdravadane, mota meLavavA talasatA vIrono utsAha temaja agAu zahIda thayelAnI yAdane vAcA ApI che. kAM to saphaLatA, athavA vIramRtyu basa be ja vikalpa che. ne tyAre mRtyu ya mIThuM lAge. zahIdI mRtyune mIThuM banAve. vatanapremI kavi caMdravadane "gujarAta' kAvyamAM vatanamAM mRtyu pAmavAnI icchA vyakta karIne, khumArIne darzAvI che. kavi ne razmie "agnisnAna" ("panaghaTa')mAM yuddhajanya bhayAnaka mRtyunI karuNAne vyakta karI che. yuddhanI bhISaNatAno vyApaka mRtyusaMdarbha kavie ahIM racI Apyo che. zahIdI'mAM eka narapuMgavane mUlyazraddhA vahoravI paDatI zahIdInI vAta rajU karavAmAM AvI che. mRtyuMjayInI chAtI ghora hatyAkAMDa rokavA mATe rudhire raMgAya che. ('nijalIlA') yuddhajanya viSAdamAMthI maitrI ane karuNAno saMdeza prasArita thayAnI vAta "hIrozimAnI te bAlikAne ('nijalIlA') kAvyamAM jovA maLe che. eTamabombanA visphoTamAM nizALe jatAM bUTanI chUTI gayelI dorI bAMdhatI gabharu kanyAne, saMhAra tarapha dhasI rahelA jagatarASTronAM vahANo mATenI jhabakatI dIvAdAMDI tarIke oLakhAvAI che. to potAnI AtmakathanI kahetA "eTamane kavi "mRtyudevatA' kahe che. navArUpe e ja yamadevatA che. eTama pralayanI pITha para navasarjananA DamarunA bhISaNa tAle tAle tAMDava karatA rudra naTarAja tarIke paNa gaNI zakAya. kavi umAzaMkara 1931mAM vizvazAMti' kavitA laIne Ave che. kavinI ciMtA pachI to vizeSapaNe kAramI vAstavikatA nathI. pratispardhIoe khaDakelAM aNuzastranA pariNAmarUpe sarjAyelI vizvayuddhanI bhISaNatAne kavi saMvedyA vinA ke vAcA ApyA vinA rahI nathI zakyA. tethIja to gAMdhIjIne teoe mUrtimatI ahiMsA temaja "jIvananA virATa' 'kalAdhara' gaNAvyA. svAtaMtryasaMgrAmanA saMdarbhamAM "maraNa sATa" muktine varavAno makkama nirdhAra varNavatA kavi zahIdonAM smaraNamoMghA mRtyunI pratIti karAve che. umaMgane ulaTabhera jANe mRtyunAM tAMDava nAcyAM. "karNakRSNa' ('prAcInA')mAM yuddhanAM nagArAM sAMbhaLatAM karNa mRtyune dhruvatattva tarIke svIkAravAno nirNaya kare che. have nahIM janma, na jovuM jIvana have rahyuM jyAM, dhruva mRtyu eka" 178 - 19mA divasanuM prabhAtamAM paNa yuddhajanya mRtyumAMthI nIpajato karuNa vahyo che. comera vyApelA mRtyunA sAmrAjyanI vAta kavi kare che. prakRtine paNa kavie ahIM prasaMgane P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 256 anurUpa bhayAnaka cItarI che. cetanAno saMcAravihoNo, zUnyAvakAza cArebAju sarjAyo che. sau anaMta suSuptimAM che. AcAryaghAtIne muThThInA prapAte azvatthAmA mahAta kare che. rudhirAMjali vaDe pitRtarpaNa e kare che. putro tathA bhAIne marAyelA joI pavanamAM keLa kaMpI UThe, hAthIne joI jaLakamalinI dhrUjI UThe, ulkApAte niHzabda rAtri kamakamI UThe, tevI dvapadatanayAnI azrudhAra vahe che. ne pachI e mUcha pAme che. yuddhanI nirarthakatA samajAya che. kuMtI kahe che. bhUlI nathI putrI lagAra huMya jANuM jaNyo jAya-nuM duHkha zuMya" 179 yuddhajanya vinAzanuM kavie hRdayasparzI citra doryuM che. pAMca pAMca putre draupadInI kUkha khAlI che. gAMdhArInA putroya gayA che. kulavinAza mATe sau potapotAnI jAtane doSa de che. mahAbhAratanuM yuddha pUruM thayA pachI raNakSetra para mRtavIronuM aMtima darzana karavA gayelA strIsamudAyanI hRdayadrAvaka vedanA "gAMdhArI' kAvyamAM vyakta thaI che. kaurava-vadhUnA vilApa sAMbhaLIne ja gAMdhArInuM haiyuM halI UhyuM che. mahelomAM sukhathI vasanArI puSpakaLI jevI vadhUo raNakSetramAM zoNitathI bhInAM thayelAM zabothI chavAyelA rastA para cAle che. koIka vaLI potAnA patinA aspaSTa mastakane laI vilApe che. koIka bebAkaLI strI patinuM aMga zodhI na zakatAM viSAda anubhave che. duryodhananI patnI bhAnumatI gadAvimukha sUtelA mRta patine uddezI vilApa kare che. gAMdhArIthI suyodhana-cheda khAto nathI. karNanI mAtA rAdhAno vilApa paNa evo ja dAruNa che. jayAre kuMtI to putranA mRtyu para raDI paNa zake tema nathI. uttarAno vilApa gAMdhArInA hRdayane halAvI jAya che. gAMdhArI potAno Akroza kRSNa para ThAlave che. netre netre nItare azruneva nA'vI tamone zizuonI ye dayA?" 80 eka strI mRta patine pUche che, "konA jyAthuM kAya homI'? bIjI vaLI emanI AvI dazA karanAra dharmarAyane zodhe che. e badhI strIonuM rudana aMtara valovatI vedanAne vAcA Ape che. kAramI cIso, ardhadAvyAM DUsakAM haiyuM valovI nAkhe che. kavi gAMdhArInA mukhe kahevaDAve "jANe dharitrI hIbakAM bhare che" 81 gAMdhArI kRSNane, sAmAnya mAnavI jevA mRtyuno "abhizApa Ape che, jene varadAna gaNI kRSNa svIkArI le che. kavi umAzaMkara gAMdhIjInA jIvana vaDe mRtyu amara banI gayAnI vAta reMTiyA bAraza' (1975)mAM kare che. emanA zvAsano premaLa dhAgo, emanA balidAne vizeSa amaratvane pAme che. | manasukhalAla jhaverIe "abhimanyu' kAvyamAM ('phUladola') abhimanyunA vIratva sabhara parAkrama pachI duzmanonA chalakapaTa dvArA thayelA mRtyunuM vedhaka nirUpaNa karyuM che. jANe pAdaprahAre dharaNi dhrujAvato kALano kALa kUde" 182 abhimanyuno AtmA mahAjyoti brahmamAM bhaLI jatAM jagatamAM zokasamudra chavAyAnuM kavie kareluM varNana paNa asarakAraka che. "azvatthAmA yuddhajanya vedanAnA othAranuM, khAsa karIne P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 257 azvatthAmAnI manodazA ane teNe AcarelI lIlAnuM eka anavadya kAvya che. ('phUladola') azvatthAmAne haiye gata aDhAra divasamAM mRtyumukhe homAyelAMnAM hRdaya dajhADatAM smaraNo che. pitAnA ghAtaka, aDhAra divasamAM anahada saMhAralIlA AcarIne mRtyu paNa thAkI jaI mauna banI gayAnuM kavi kahe che. kAvyanI zarUAta temaja aMta baMne "mRtyunA mauna'thI kavie karyA che. mULe moMe potAnuM kAma patAvI cAlyA jatA azvatthAmAnA duritane kavi A rIte vAcA Ape che. "aMdhArI rAtrinuM haiyuM - bhedIne mauna mRtyunuM pAthare aMcaLo eno - sUno A samarAMgaNe" 183 jaDacetana badhuM stabdha banI jatAM kavi kahe che. "maraNanuM ahIM mauna ja vyApiyuM 84(kha) kapaTathI marAyelA pitAnA vadhano avasAda azvatthAmA mukhe kavi A rIte mUke che. te "gayuM bharatagotranuM anupa chatra vAtsalyanuM parAkrama paDyuM, paDyo puruSakAra, satye paDyuM, aMte badhIja saumya vRttione tyajI rudhiranI aMjali ApI pitAnuM tarpaNa karavA azvatthAmA taiyAra thAya che. rAtrinI zUnyatAne saMharato drauhi AgaLa dhape che. mahAkAlanI jIbha jevuM bhISaNa khaga eNe dharyuM che. "ne saMcare vaira vilIna citte saMhArano deva sadeha jANe" 84(ba) UMghatAM bALakonA suMdara varNananA virodhamAM droNanuM bhayAnaka citra mUkI puSpane raheMsI nAkhatA karIndra zA azvatthAmAne kavi sAkSAta "yamadeva' kahe che. komaLa puSpa samAM bALako mRtyunI deNAmAM kevAM cavAI jAya che? tenuM hRdayasparzI varNana kavie karyuM che. pavananI dhImI lherakhI smitabharyA sUtelAM bALakonI laTane lADathI paMpALe che ne tyAM dhIre dhIre kamaLa pAse dhasI AvatA madamasta hAthI samo drANi pahoMce che. pAMcAlanA kALasamo e mattakAla aTTahAsya kare che. jhIMkAjhIka karI eNe nI eNe , sukhasaMhAra Adaryo ne bIjI ja paLe pAcho UDI aMdhAramAM gayo" 185 sUtelAone eka jhATake mArI nAkhyA pachI dhIrethI aMdhakAramAM e aMdhakAramUrti sarI jAya che. 1939mAM pragaTa thayelA "ArAdhanA'nAM kAvyomAM kavi manasukhalAle traNa ja divasanA yuddhanuM varNana karyuM che. bIjA divasanA varNanamAM bhImanA parAkramanI gAthA varNavI che. bhISaNe mRtyu paNa enA smitane lopI zake tema nathI, ema kavi kahe che. abhimanyu vaDe duryodhanano putra lakSmaNa marAtAM "trIjA divasanA varNanamAM "vIra gatine pAmelAnA maraNano zoka na hoya' evI jJAnavANI bhISmapitAmaha AzvAsana ApatI vakhate duryodhanane saMbhaLAve che. sudarzana cakrane kavi "mRtyamUrti kahe che. zastra nahi levAnI pratijJA lenAra kRSNane zastra P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 258 levarAvanAra bhIkha vijayI ja ne ? poNA pAMcaso paMktinuM "mahAprasthAna' khaMDakAvya manasukhalAlanI siddhi samuM che. ahIM yudhiSThiranuM AtmaciMtana rajU thayuM che. jeone aMtima vidAya ApavI paDI che, e saune bhInI AMkhe e yAda kare che. ne paritApa anubhave che. mAnavavaMzanI bajatI maraNa khaMjarIne paNa e bhUlI zaktA nathI. kALanA devasamA bhIkhanI mUrtiye najara sAme khaDI thAya che. cha mahArathIoe phUlaDA jevA abhimanyune raheMsI nAkhelo eya evuM ne evuM yAda che. kALo kera macAvatA, kAlAgninI prabhA dhAraNa karatA droNAcArya to bhulAtA ja nathI. karNa niHzastra avasthAmAM haNAyo, e dazya najara sAme tare che. "azvatthAmA hataH bolI pote AcareluM jUThANuM yudhiSThirane dhrujAvI de che. prapaMconI ghora paraMparAo sAme jANe DAkalA vagADe che. "chUMdIne kUMpaLo jevI, yAjJasenInI saMtati hAsatA droNine Aje sthALe che rAya roSathI" 18 vaLI kapaTavaDe chuMdAyelA duryodhananI jaMdhAnuM dazya najare paDe che ne gherA viSAdano anubhava yudhiSThira kare che. eka aMgrejI kAvya parathI racAyelA kAvya "avAjo'mAM vyApaka saMhAralIlAnA pratyAghAtone kavie varNavyA che. A kAvya bIjA vizvayuddhanI bhISaNatAne vAcA Ape che. yuddhamAM mRtyu pAmanArAnA citkAro, avAjoe bAkI rahelAnI UMgha harAma karI nAkhI che. e avAjothI, e oLAothI hiTalara dhrUjI UThyAnuM kavi kahe che. hiTalarane ema ke mRtyu sau para maunanI mekha mArI deze. paNa yamadevane to pote sarvesarvA hovAnuM koNa kahI zake? suMdarajI beTAInA vizeSAMjali' saMgrahamAM paNa yuddhajanya mRtyunI karuNatAne zabdabaddha karI che. pahelA vizvayuddha pachI ne bIjAnA bhaNakArAnA samaye vizvavyApI mRtyune mANasanI bhasmAsura pravRttinA pariNAmarUpa kavi gaNe che. ("A te mRtyu") kavine cArebAju jIvatA motanoja bhAsa thato, ne mRtyunA vijayano paNa. ("jIvatA motano jaya') "mRtyumhoryuM prabhAta'nI pIThikA paNa vizvayuddha ja che. cAreya bAju prasarelA mRtyunI vAsano kavi anubhava kare che. "nizAdarzanamAM pazcimanI hiMsApUjaka saMskRtinuM lAghavayukta yathArtha varNana kavie karyuM che. jala, thala, ne AkAza traNeya mRtyunI lIlAbhUmi bane che. cAreya bAju mRtyunA dhvaja ropatI, svArthamAM mAtelI banelI mAnavajAta pratye kavi roSa vyakta kare che. kavi mArmika kaTAkSa karatAM prazna kare che. "zAMtinI prAptine mATe mRtyu e ja mArga che" ? cArebAju maMDAyelI mRtyunI avivekI pizAcalIlAno nirdeza karatAM kavi kahe che "siMdhumAMya jagADe che, TorneDo mRtyu jhaMkhanA" 180 janArA karatAM hayAta rahenAranI vedanA : vadhu dAruNa che. A bhayAnaka vinAzane kavitAmAM zI rIte citaravo? enI vyathA che. kavi suMdaram, vatana kAje khapI javAnI takane "sAphalyaTANuM'mAM biradAvI che. ("kAvyamaMgalA') deza mATe jhajhUmavAnI, marI phITavAnI paLane kavi aneka jIvanothIya moMghI ne yazabharyA virala mRtyuthI paNa mahAna gaNAve che. karNanA jIvana temaja mRtyunuM kArya vyakta karatA karNa' (vasudhA) kAvyamAM janmathI jene parAkrama rageragamAM maLyuM che. enA guru parazurAme ApelA abhizApane lIdhe osaratA prabhAvanuM vedhaka citra suMdarame doryuM che. jIvananA AdhArasamI dharitrIne ArAdhavA jyAM karNa nIce Utare tyAM kRSNanA saMketathI pArthabANa, choDa parathI phUla UtAre ema karNanuM zira UtArI le che. karNano janma ajANyo. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 259 mRtyayaM asahAya sthitimAM thAya che. have vilaMbAva na mRtyu karNanuM, kRNe kahyuM, arjunanA nipaMgathI chUTela astra' zira karNanuM tyAM UtArI lIdhuM yama puSpa vRttathI 188 saMdhyA samaye yuddhabhUmi para karNano vadha thAya che. tethI to kavi "pIgaLyuM vyoma' kahe che. sUryane karNanA vadhano zoka thayo, dharA na pIgaLI. dharAnI niSpharatAthI kavi AghAta anubhave che. "zahIda banavAmAM zahIdanA balidAne samagra mAnavasamAjanI bhAvanA tarIke kavi varNave che. zahIda banI mRtyuMjayI banelAnI vIragAthA gAtA kavi zahIdonAM jIvana-mRtyu baMnene yazodAyI gaNAve che. kRSNalAla zrIdharANI "AThamuM dilhImAM yuddhajanya paristhitinI vedanAno Akroza ThAlave che. ("koDiyAM') jemAM gAMdhIjInA mRtyubalidAnano nirdeza vedanAmaya Akroza dvArA abhivyakta thayo che. bhAratane jIvADavA gAMdhIne maravuM paDyuM. yugaprabhAva paNa ahIM kharo ja. dvidhA'mAM kavinI dezadAjha pragaTa thaI che. jIvananuM vizva choDI javA nAyaka utsuka che, tethI viSAda vyApaze. paNa mRtyune khoLIne kavi pAchA pulakI UThaze. "sapUta'mAM svAtaMtrya mATe marI phITavAnI bhAvanA vyakta thaI che. dezapremIo mATe mRtyu, kAM svAtaMtrya, trIjo vikalpa nathI. juvAna DosalAnI dAMDIkUca veLAnI daDhatA ane sAtvika khumArInuM varNana karatAM kavi kahe che nAnakaDA putro, temaja patnIne vIro chellA juhAra karI nIkaLI paDatA. "muktino zaMkhanAdamAM kavi zrIdharANI svAtaMtryasaMgrAmanA saMdarbhamAM mRtyune bheTI amara jIvana pAmI jatA vIronI vAta kare che. mRtyu pAmIne sAcA jIvananI amaratA siddha karavA svAtaMtrya vIro jaI rahyAnuM kavi kahe che. dezakAje mRtyu pAmavuM e ja kharuM jIvana. ahIM jIvana mRtyu banI jAya che, ne mRtyu jIvana. A viparyaya sadhAtAM mRtyu tathA jIvananI vyAkhyA badalAI jAya che. "khAlI khapparamAM vIronA raktane lIdhe gaMgAnAM pANI lAla banyAnuM ne maraNa mATe sau adhIra banyAnuM kavi kahe che. - 1969mAM premazaMkara bhaTTa "mahArathI karNa kAvya laIne Ave che. karNanAM vividha pAsAMne uThAva ApI pAtranA mAnasika saMgharSanuM sacoTa nirUpaNa kavie karyuM che. "audAryamUrtimAM dehanI mRtyuMjayI rakSA samA kavacakuMDaLa indrane ApI dIdhAno ullekha che. vAtsalya'mAM karNane pAMDavapakSe laI AvavAnA kuMtI temaja kRSNanA prayatno niSphaLa jatAM vyApelA yuddhanA ghora garjana tathA mRtyunAM nibaMdha tAMDavanA sAmrAjayanuM kavi varNana kare che. gurujana, satya ane dharmane yAda karI arjuna chedAjo zISa karNanuM' ema bolI "kAlAMtaka ja divya zuM ? zastrano zira para prahAra kare che. kAyAthI vicchinna thaI karNanuM ziza kaDaDaDa karatuM pRthvI para chedAIne paDe che. pAMDavonI senAmAM harSanI bhavya saragama vAge che. nibiDa vanamAM Aga lAgI hoya evI mAtA kuMtI A samAcAre mUMgI bhaDabhaDa jANe baLI rahI che. asahAya banI gUMge moMe ene to putrAmaraNanuM A duHkha sahevAnuM. "mRtyu' nAmanA kAvyakhaMDamAM karNanA mRtyuthI samasta pRthvI para temaja kauravonA hRdayAkAzamAM ane kuMtInA mAtRhRdayamAM pravartatI dAruNa, zokAkula paristhitinuM kavi prakRtivarNana dvArA karuNagaMbhIra citra sUcita kare che. baMne pakSanI kulavadhUonAM ane kulamAtAonAM Ado hRdayabhedI che. "AraMbho karNanuM zrAddha' "mahArathI karNa kRtino eka khaMDa che. ghanIbhUta thayelo A karuNarasa enI parAkASThAe to tyAre pahoMce che, jyAre kuMtI yudhiSThirane, karNa jayeSThabhAI hovAthI enuM P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 260 zrAddha pahelAM karavAnuM kahe che. ne A karaNanI gherI asarataLe kAvya pUruM thAya che. kurukSetramAM cAreya bAju strIonAM kaMdano, ne vilAponA hRdayabhedaka svaro saMbhaLAya che. uttarA khaMDita zokamUrti zI banI che. gAMdhArI putra zoke trasta che. ne draupadI paNa zizuvadhe udvigna che. kavi kahe che. "vahetA jhIlI svara rudananA mUguM rUve samIra" 189 zyAmavastramAM sajja kuMtI azrune rodhatAM yudhiSThira pAse jaI haiyAmAM prajavalita zokane, tathA azrune rokI kahe che. rodhI zoka haiyAmAM AraMbho zrAddha satvara prathama karNanuM - tAro hato e jayeSTha bhrAtara" 190() potAnA prathama putranuM zrAddha karavAnuM A sUcana cheka chelle karNa pAMDavono moTo bhAI hovAnA rahasyane khulluM karatAM karuNa ahIM vadhu ghero bane che. 197ramAM premazaMkara bhaTTa agnijayota' pragaTa kare che. ahI paNa mahAbhAratanAM bhavya pAtronuM caritravarNana kavie karyuM che. draupadI' kAvyamAM ('vaiphalya) kurukSetramAM thayelA vinAzanI kavie vAta karI che. yuddhAMte draupadInA pAMca putro haNI nAkhanAra azvatthAmAne hAjara karavA draupadI kahe che. paNa jayAre mastaka namAvI lajjita azvatthAmA draupadI samakSa Ubho rahe che tyAre sahodara haNyo mAro, phUla zAM zizu pAMcane che vADhIne UMghatAM rAtre, niHsaMtAna karI mane" 190(ba) draupadInAM DUsakAM vadhatAM jAya che. paNa mRtyudaMDe vaLe vaira kALa ke badale krama? ja hiMsAthI janmato harSa ? kyAM lagI sevavo bhrama?" (agnijayota-rara) kRSNanAM A veNathI draupadIno hRdayadamya zoka othAra saheja dUra thAya che. "vidAya' khaMDamAM pAMDavonA himAlayagamana tathA svArgArohaNa yAtrAnA prasaMgane varNavyA che. draupadInA netrAmAM bhUtakALanA saMhAranA bhayAnaka rUpanI citrAvalI che. aDhAra akSauhiNIne (yoddhAone) cAvI gayelI kALanI karAla daMSTrA yAda Ave che. vidAya do jIravI nA zakuM jaya na jAye kadiye, nava mRtyuno bhaya" 195 pazcAttApanA agnimAM zekAtI draupadI kahe che "vidAya do cetana hA harAya che vAyu vaDe dIpaka A bUjhAya che" 192 himAdriaMke viracaMta agninA | saubhAgya-kaMku lasatuM lalATamAM"193 mRtyu samaye draupadInA bhAla pradezamAM saubhAgyacihana samo kaMkuno cAMdalo zobhato hato. draupadInI nirjIva kAyA svayaM himAlayanuM saubhAgya, suzobhana banI rahe che. droNa" P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 261 kAvyamAM ("astAcala') sAkSAt yamamUrti banelA droNanuM varNana kavie karyuM che. cArebAju mRtyunuM tAMDava sarjAtAM potAnA paranuM kalaMka bhUsavA droNa arjunane haNavA taiyAra thAya che. kirITInuM mRtyu hAthaveMtamAM lAge che. "azvatthAmA hAthI marAtAM "azvatthAmA' yuddhamAM mRtyu pAmyA'no zora cAre bAju thatAM yudhiSThiranA ardhasatye droNa zastra nIce pheMkI de che. ne teo samAdhistha thatAM dhRSTadyumna "mATInA piMDane bhInA kuMbhAra jema TIpato droNanA zIrSane tema mUkIne khaDjha jhIMkto" 194 tuSArasamI droNanI zveta jaTAne dhRSTadyumna hAthamAM jhAlI droNanA mastakane vADhI nAkhe che. vRkSaDALa parathI phaLa paDe, tema droNanuM zira nIce paDe che. "bhISma' kAvyamAM bhIkhanI AyuSyabharanI bANazayyAno ullekha karatAM kavi zikhaMDIne to bhIkhanA mRtyunuM mAtra nimitta kahe che. bANazayyA para sUtelA teo mRtyunA AgamananI ghaDIo gaNatA hatA. pavanamAM khakhaDatAM pAnamAM jANe mRtyunuM bIna bAjatuM saMbhaLAtuM. smRtionI vedanA tIrNa bANanI jema bhISmane vIMdhatI. arjuna-putranI chala vaDe karAyelI hatyA yAda Ave che. hyAM uttarA kaMkaNa naMdave, ne kuMtI, subhadrA, banI mUchita DhaLe" 195 karuNApUrNa netre yudhiSThiranI vaMdanA teo jhIle che. uttarAyaNanA sUryanI teo pratIkSA kare che. ene praNAma karI pachI nAzavaMta dehane choDavA teo saMkalpa kare che. samagra jIvana paritApamAM vItAvanAra bhIkhanuM zikhaMDIe to mAtra dehamRtyu ApyuM. svecchAmRtyune varelA bhIkha svecchAe zAMtithI marI paNa na zake evuM banyuM. gAMdhIyuganA ghaNA kavioe yuddhajanya mRtyuvedanAne vAcA ApI che. devajI moDhAnuM yuddhadevatAnI vedi para yuddhajanya paristhiti paranA kaTAkSanuM kAvya che. saune akALe kaMkAla banAvanAra jamadUte phUla bALyAM hovAnuM kavi kahe che. 2. va. desAI paNa "pralaya' kAvyamAM sarvatra mRtyu jAgyAnI vAta kare che. vatana kAje zahIda thanArAnI bhasmamAMthI zAzvata vasaMta pragaTavAno kavino AzAvAda "zahIdanI bhasma'mAM vyakta thayo che. "arcana'nA kavi prabodha pArAzarya ekasobAvana paMktimAM vistareluM "yuddhAnta' kAvya Ape che. zarUmAM mahAbhAratanA yuddhamAM khapI gayelA sarva mahArathIonA ullekha sAthe karAyelA mRtyunA tAMDavanuM bhISaNa citra che. mRtyuzadhyAe kaNasatA duryodhanane have mRtyu sivAya koI jhaMkhanA rahI nathI. kAdava khUMdIne jayachAvaNI prati cAlyA jatA kRSNasahita pAMDavonA cheTethI saMbhaLAtA padaghoSa ane duryodhananA mRtyu samayanuM varNana bhAvakanA hRdayamAM sahAnubhUti janmAvI jAya che. mRtyune bichAne paDelo duryodhana yudhiSThiranI dayA, zAMti ane anukaMpA pAmatAM tarI gayAno anubhava kare che. "thIjelA motanI dADhe. coMTelA daMta-madhyamAM P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 262 kurusainya para daSTi pheMkI zrIkRSNa ucaryA asahya du:khe nija mRtyu jhaMkhuM" 192(ba) rAjyasiMhAsana bhaNI pagalAM mAMDatAM yudhiSThirane satkAravA tyAM koI nathI ne gharo badhAM maMgalacihno vihoNAM che. "saubhAgyahINAM kulalakSmI locano mA bApa lhotAM mRta putrane smarI" 19 (ba) kavi goviMda svAmI "1898nI vaizAkhanI madharAta' (18/4/42) kAvyamAM chellA mahAyuddha samaye yuddhanI bhaThThImAM ukaLI rahelA jagatanuM, tathA daze dizAe bAja zA vAyuyAnoe saLagAvelI pracaMDa hoLInuM citra ApatAM akAMDa mRtyu cIsane ura ThAratI cIsa gaNAve che. | durgeza zuklanAM kAvyo ('jhaMkRti') mahadaMze krAMtino udaghoSa laIne Ave che. 194rano e samaya gALo ja evo ke saunAM rudhira khaLabhaLI UThe. "krAMtikSaNamAM jherI havA, agaNa roga ane mRtyuoLAonI kavi vAta kare che. "krAMtinuM rUpa'mAM vizvasaMhAra mATe dhasatA manuja magatarAMno ullekha karI lIluM sUkuM badhuM prajALatA rUThelA kALaneya kavi yAda kare che. gAMdhIyuga ane aMjalikAvyo - gAMdhIyuganAM aMjalikAvyo yugapratibiMbanAM kAvyo paNa che ja. meghANInAM kAvyomAM svAtaMtryasaMgrAmanA tathA vIratvanA saMdarbhamAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa vizeSa thayuM che. kavi meghANIe bhagatasiMhanI zahAdatane bharapUra vatsalatAthI lADa laDAvyA che. mukha para haju to jananInAM dhAvaNa coTelAM, e bhagatasiMhe kAcI kaLI jevI uMmaramAM zahAdatanI, mRtyunI bhabhUta coLI. kavi kahe che ene phAMsI nathI apAI. "kUlamALa' paherAvAI che. sAme cAlIne e mRtyune poMkhaNe gayAnuM kavi kahe che. "bharabhara chAMTuM aMjali' ('ektAro)mAM kavi medhANI rAjasthAnI prajAnA sevaka sva. maNibhAI trivedInI yAdamAM marasiyA jevuM gIta Ape che. puSpa samuM AvI jaI anerI phorama mUkI janAra trivedI javAthI taMbUranA tAra tUTI gayAno anubhava kavi kare che. - kavi sneharazmine "bApujatAM' (panaghaTa) moTA gharano mobha tUTI paDyAnI vedanA thaI hatI. gAMdhIjInA mRtyune teo "mahAmRtyu' kahe che. bApu jatAM emane Rta, prema, tyAga, satya, zIla, sohAga, badhuM cAlyuM gayAnI anubhUti thAya che. jANe mRtyuno mAnavI para vijaya na thayo hoya? "mRtyu ! A ja hA jItI gayuM tuM, sabhara tAro aMka 197 kavi kahe che, gAMdhI jatAM mRtyuno khoLo bharAI gayo. e tRpta thaI gayuM. paNa bApunI amaratA para kavine vizvAsa hato tethI emanA dehane harI janAra mRtyunI emane paravA nahatI. aniruddha brahmabhaTTanA avasAna nimitte lakhAyelAM "Avazo kaI ugatI bIje' tathA P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 263 paMkhI mAruM UDI gayuM. sAmAnya prakAranI zraddhAMjalio che. ('kSitije laMbAvyo tyAM hAthI) mRtyunI dizA emane koNe batAvI' ? evo sAva sAmAnya prazna kavi sneharazmie pUchayo che. aniruddharUpI paMkhI koI agamya AkAzamAM UDI gayAnuM kavi kahe che. paMkhI kalaravagAna karI cAlyAM jAya che, ne e mALane sUno banAvI de che. | kavi umAzaMkare ('nizItha') marahuma khAnasAheba abdula karImakhAMne aMjali ApatAM saMgItakalA, tathA kalAkAranI suMdaratAne biradAvI che. teo jatAM svaro nirAdhAra banyAnuM kavi kahe che. Dilana TomasanA akALa mRtyu prasaMge umAzaMkare "kavinuM mRtyu' ('vasaMtavarSA) kAvya racyuM. killolatuM e kavihRdaya ekAeka maunane khoLe jaI beThuM. paNa dharatI para to e hUMphanuM majhAnuM AcchAdana mUkI gayuM. pravAsamAM vacce lAThI sTezana AvatAM sahaja rIte kavine kalApInI yAda satAve che. e yAdamAM "lAThI sTezana para' (16/1048) kAvya racAyuM. hRdayanI snehagItA AlApanArane kavithI ApoApa kAvyAMjali arpI devAya che. raDo na muja mRtyune' kAvya Ama to gAMdhIjInA mRtyusaMdarbhe lakhAyeluM, paNa anubhUti ahIM kavinA pazcAttApanI vyakta thaI che. gAMdhIjInuM ura vIMdhAtAM mAtra raktadhArA ja nahi, premadhArA paNa uchaLatI hatI. gAMdhInuM maraNa to pAvana hatuM. kavi kAMI emanA maraNane nathI raDatA. teo to potAnA kalaMkamaya dainyane raDe che. gAMdhIjInI hatyAne samagra mAnavajAtanA kalaMka tarIke kavi gaNAve che. "zeksapiyarane (mahAprasthAna') aMjali ApatAM zeksapiyaranAM nATakone mAnavanI AtmakathA tarIke ne mRtyazIla saMsAranI amRtAbhiSikta chabI tarIke kavi biradAve che. mRtyuzIla saMsAramAM nATakadvArA zeksapiyare avaninuM amRta ApyAnuM kavi kahe che. "5, 16' ('pAMcane soLa') kAvya zeline apAyelI aMjali che. oksapharDa boDaleyana lAIbrerImAM zelinI ghaDiyALamAM achoDAne cheDe kavinA ne merInA sIlsa che. ghaDiyALamAMnI 516nI mudrAne kavi trikALanI mRta mudrAnA aMkana tarIke oLakhAve che. jenA sAMkaLa cheDale kavinI amara mudrA dekhAya che. "laghu zI jiMdagI to vahI gaI... ne chatAM jagatanI paDadAne cIrI daI svarga bAraNe kavino navaro hRdaya Tahuko haMmeza guMjayA kare che. "mahAmanAliMkana' (146/1965) kAvya liMkananI mRtya-zatAbdIe racAyuM. liMkananA jIvana tathA mRtyu baMnene biradAvAyuM che. liMkanane maLelA mRtyunA varadAnano mahimA kavie varNavyo che. jIvanamAM to sAdagI kharI, mRtyumAMya kharI evA "tostoyanI samAdhie' darzane jatAM kavi TolsToyanI kabarane sAdagI ne mAnava saddabhAvanAnA pratIka tarIke oLakhAve che. sArasvatamUrti narmadane biradAvavA "kalamane narmanI prArthanA" kAvya racAyuM. ekaso pacIsamA janmadine kavi narmadanI yuddhabherIne biradAve che. narmadanI dilAvarIne kavi aMjali Ape che. "govardhanarAma smRtimaMdiramAM govardhanarAma mAdhavarAma tripAThI tathA emanAM sarjanone aMjali ApatAM ene eka bRhat manorAjya tarIke oLakhAve che. azeSazabdamAdhurI'mAM kavi nhAnAlAlane aMjali ApatAM kavi amadAvAdanA ghoMghATiyA vAtAvaraNanA virodhamAM nhAnAlAlanI saMgItamayatAne mUkI Ape che. ne teoe ApelI AtmAnI amogha mahekano nirdeza kare che. mAtra sarjaka ja nahi, svajana tarIkeya "pAThaka sAhebane aMjali arpatAM kavi sadgatanI sUkSmadarzI zuci ane viralacita sAjane yAda kare che. "AInsTAIna ane buddhane aMjali ApatAM, baMneye nirvANa cIMdhyAnuM kavi kahe che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 24 eke mAnavanI aMtaravAsanAnuM zamana karyuM. to bIjAe bAhya jagatalIlAnA sakala saMklananI yukti prabodhI. na javAharalAlanA gulAbasamA hRdayane, meru jevA dharyane, pracaMDa puruSArthadhodhane, nabhasamAna UMDA svapnone biradAvatAM "ajaba mAnavyapuSpa' tarIke umAzaMkara javAharalAlane aMjali arpe che. to sadgata priyakAMtanI smRtimAM "kavi kAvya racAyuM (dhArAvastra') jemAM priyakAMtanI AMkhomAM sadAya chalakatA premanA nAyagarA dhodhane uchaLato jovAnI kavi vAta kare che. ne e ja to banI jAya che kAvyajharo kavi kahe che, priyakAMtanI AMkhomAM sadA kAvya vaMcAtAM. kavi oDananA mRtyuthI tIvra, AghAta anubhavatAM kavi kahe che "kALa jyAre ghA kare che, tyAre kazuMya jovA besato nathI' ("kavi oDena") "pAblo nerudAnuM mRtyumAM umAzaMkare kavitAne kavinA rudhiranI nimitta kahI che. cIlInA pralaMba kinAre mahAprANa kavinI cetanAnA prazAMta mahAsAgaranA ghoDAno haNahaNATa, ne itihAsanI keDI para paDaghAnA azAMta DAbalAnI kalpanA kavi kare che. jAnyuArI ne emAMya trIsamI tArIkha, ThaMDAgAra hRdayamAMthI vizva jevaDA premasvarUpa paramAtmAne pratibiMbatA raktanA Tapa-kAno nirdeza jANe goLIe vIMdhAyelA gAMdhInA hRdayamAMthI TapakatA tAjA raktabiMdune arAve che. ("jAnyu. 30) mujIbanI AMkhonI daivI camakane kavi mRtyunI pele pArathI AvelA mAnavanI camaka tarIke oLakhAve che. mujIbanI hatyA, itihAsa paNa moM saMtADI de evI hovAnuM kavi kahe che. "rahe toya vIra kavi rASTraprasUtinI kSaNe apalaka AMkhe jAgI mRtyunA thaDakArA gaNI rahelI thaDa, thaDa, thaDa...." 98 to gAMdhIjInA jIvana vaDe mRtyuya amara banI gayAnI vAta reMTiyA bAraza" "197pamAM karAI che. indulAla gAMdhInAM 're kSaNa' ane "mahAadhya" baMne gAMdhIjInI hatyAnA zokamAM lakhelAM kAvyo che. gAMdhIjInA mRtyune "bhavya' gaNavA chatAM, kavi ema mAne che ke, gAMdhIjInA mRtyue samagra pRthvI anAtha banI gaI. mRtyudeva kALanI kAmaLI oDhIne AvyAnuM kavi kahe che. ('mahAartha') "kavi nhAnAlAlane' aMjalikAvya che. ('uttarIya) nhAnAlAlanI guNaprazaMsA kavie karI che. tema chatAM nhAnAlAla vinAnI sAMjane to kavi phikkI ja gaNAve che. mRtyune haMmeza maMgala mAnanAra, AkAza ane pRthvInI sAthe premano nAto bAMdhanAra ravIndranAthane aMjali ApatAM 'zatadalapA') sadgata kavine alaukika UdhvagAmI gAnavALA "kamala' tarIke kavi biradAve che. gAMdhImRtyu saMdarbhe racAyelA "raDuM huM te kone? kAvyamAM kavi manasukhalAla jhaverIe gAMdhI mRtyune lIdhe thayelA AghAtanI anubhUti varNavI che. gAMdhIjInA mRtyuno zokavilApa dharitrIe hIbakAM bharI karyAnuM kavi kahe che. kALane paNa pachI to gAMdhI hatyAno pastAvo thayAnuM kavi kahe che. "vijaya mAnavyano'mAM paNa manasukhalAla gAMdhIjIne e aMjali ApI che. gAMdhInuM jIvana ane mRtyu baMnene kavi mAnava jAtano vijaya gaNAve che. gAMdhI P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 265 marIne amara banyAnuM kavi kahe che. pAThaka sAheba mATe sadgatanI vAMchanArUpe mitrarUpe mRtyu AvyAnI vAta kavi pAThakasAhebane'mAM kare che. ('anubhUti) "mRtyu to prakRti jIvita mAtra kerI' e satyanI pratIti paLe paLe thavA chatAM kavihRdayanuM dhairya DagI jAya che. pAThaka sAhebanA mRtyuno zoka nathI. paNa teo jatAM brAhmaNatva' gayAthI pote raMka banI gayAnuM duHkha kavi vyakta kare kavi pUjAlAla "zahIda zraddhAnaMda' kAvyamAM ajaba khumArIthI bhArata kAja phanA thaI gayelA zraddhAnaMdane aMjali arpe che. zraddhAnaMdanI zahIdIne yAda karatAM kavi haiyuM dravI UThe che. ('pArijAta') sadA sudhAmAdhukarIthI ubharAtA hRdayavALI mAne aMjali ApatAM kavi mAne jagatanA viSasamudra vacceya amRtanI saritA vahAvanArI naMdana sukhakArI vyakti tarIke oLakhAve che. ('mA') 1959mAM "gurjarI' saMgraha pragaTa karanAra kavi pUjAlAle motIbhAI amIna, saradAra vallabhabhAI, ravizaMkara, balucAcA, darabArazrI gopALadAsa, purANIbhAIo DaoN. caMdulAla kanaiyAlAla munazI, dayAnaMda sarasvatI, mahAtmA gAMdhI, gijubhAI, jevI vadyavibhUtione ahIM aMjali ApI che. "sva. motIbhAI amInane pUjAlAle pRthvIne paTale prakaTelA mahAmotI gaNAvyA. saune AziSa ApavA mATe ja sarjAyeluM e motI, mAnava maherAmaNanI AMkhamAM masa moTAM athu mUkIne cAlyA gayAnuM duHkha ahIM vyakta thayuM che. saradAra vallabhabhAIne' aMjali ApatAM kavi temane svamAnI chatAM mAnavatAsabhara mAnava tarIke vaMde che. "darabArazrImAM paNa aMdaranI moTAI laI janmelA saradArane aMjali apAI che. "DaoN. caMdulAla desAIne zraddhAMjali arpatAM kavi temane phAMkaDA marada, ne bhUlathI paNa komaLa mAnava tarIke sanmAne che. "zrI karuNAzaMkara bhaTTa' pUjAlAle gurune ApelI aMjali che. jemAM gurunI sat sAdhanA tathA zastranipuNatAne biradAvAI che. "maharSi dayAnaMda sarasvatI'ne kavi samagra saurASTranA sidhdhAra samA pratinidhi tarIke varNave che. mahAtmA gAMdhI' mRtyaMjaya gAMdhIne apAyelI aMjali che. gAMdhIjInI nirbhayatAno emAM nirdeza thayo che. "sva. gijubhAI badhekAne aMjali ApatAM kavi pUjAlAle AkAza sudhI satya, ziva, suMdaratAnA paDaghA pADatI muktinA e mahAnadanI yajJabhAvanAne tema ja sAcI zikSaNayAtrAne biradAvI che. vipnabharyA paMthe prayANa karI surasadanamAM pahoMcelA zahIdone svAtaMtryanA zahIdo'mAM aMjali apAI che. mA vinA sUnakArano anubhava karatuM kavicitta "sagata" mAne maLavA Atura che. ("mA"). 1962mAM pragaTa thayelA "vaijayaMtI' saMgrahamAM phakta eka ja kAvyamAM mRtyusaMdarbha gUMthAyo che. eka aMjali' gAMdhIjInA mRtyune apAyelI aMjali che. gAMdhIjInI guNaprazasti rajU thaI che. hiNe hAthe motanI jherI goLI choDavAthI hatavaMta gAMdhIjI haNAyAno AghAta nirdezAyo che. 1974mAM "mA bhagavatI' nAmanuM tarpaNakAvya, araviMdAzramanAM mAtAjInA avasAna nimitte racAya che. 1974 navembaranI 17mI tArIkhe sAMje mA bhagavatIe saunI vaccethI cUpacApa vidAya lIdhI. joke skUla zarIranI apUrNatAomAMthI nIkaLIne cidaMbara svarUpe dhyeya siddhi arthe pUrvavata pravRtta hovAnuM kavi pUjAlAla mAne che. dehano vilaya thavA chatAM teo mAMgabharI mRtyuMjayIrUpa P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 266 hovAnuM anubhavatA "ne jene jana "mRtyu" ema vadatA tyAreya tuM pAramAM rAje jIvana-mRtyu pAra sthala ne kAlAdinI pAra mA" 199 "sopAnikAsaMgrahamAM pUjAlAle kavizrI boTAdakarane aMjali ApI che. ahIM sadgata kavinA udAtta abhilASone smaryA che. 1980mAM pragaTa thayelA "kAvyaketu'mAM traNeka smaraNAMjalio bhAvanI saccAIne kAraNe nokhI tarI Ave che. jemAM zrI karuNAzaMkara (mAstara) zrI araviMdAnuyAyI sArAbhAI tathA karNAkaTanA zrI araviMdabhakta zrI gauDane apAyelI aMjalio che. "vipravaramAM guru zrI karuNAzaMkarane zraddhAMjali arpatAM, teo nAmathI nahi, guNathI mahAvipra hovAnuM jaNAve che. gurunI guNagAthA kavie gAI che. smaraNAMjali' sArAbhAI dozInA avasAna nimitte apAyelI "aMjali' che. (128) 1905 janma, 10/7/1958 mRtyu) 10mI julAIe teo samudra snAne gayA, ne e kALasamudra' emano bhoga lIdho. paNa pachI kavi potAnA mananuM samAdhAna A rIte kare che. A dehanuM kAma pRthvI para samApta thAya tyAre emAMno nitya mukta AtmA svadhAme saMcare che. "te vAre abdhine Are A vidhie vera vALiyuM 30 karNATakanA vikhyAta jamInadAra kuTuMbamAM janmelA "zaMkara gauDanA pAMcamI oNgasTa 1950ne divase thayelA svargavAsa nimitte apAyelI aMjalimAM kavi mRtyune mAnavInA moTA bhrama tarIke oLakhAve che. Udhva virAjatA e zubhAtmA mATe premAA puSpAMjali arpe che. "aMtimataMtu' kAvya suMdarajI beTAIe sva. narasiMharAvanA dohitra premalanA avasAna nimitte racyuM. ekamAtra jIvanataMtu samA premalanuM avasAna thatAM bhAMgI paDelA narasiMharAvanI vyathAne ahIM vAcA apAI che. "vAghanAza' kAvya narasiMharAvanA avasAna nimitte lakhAyuM. jemAM kavinA sarjakatvane aMjali apAI che. premalanA avasAne kavinA kAvyavAghe atikaruNa gAna cheDyuM. vAdya tUTI phUTI zIrNa thavA chatAM enuM virATa saMgIta lupta nathI thatuM, evI narasiMharAvanI zraddhAne ahIM kavi yAda kare che. - "kAvyamaMgalA'nA kavi suMdarame "trimUrti' kAvyamAM buddha, Isu ane gAMdhIjIne aMjali arpe che. prathama bemAM buddha ane isunA balidAna saMdarbhe aMjali apAI che. "isu' kAvyamAM IsunA balidAnane vaMdavAmAM AvyuM che. saM. 1987nA "prasthAna'mAM zrAvaNa aMkamAM gUjarAta vidyApIThanA saMgItanA mAjI adhyApaka sva. zaMkara dattAtreya pAThaka (vAyolIna vAdaka)ne aMjali ApI che. amUrta anaMtamAMthI mUrtatA pAmela pAThakanuM saMgIta, jIvanasaMgIta pAchuM amUrtamAM (anaMta)mAM samAI gayAnuM kavi kahe che. "kasturabA" kAvyamAM sAcA arthamAM gAMdhIjInI jIvanasaMginI banI rahenAra kasturabAne aMjali apAI che. e nArInAM snehadAnane yAda karI emane pAmI mRtyu dhanya thayAnI vAta kavi kare che. "aho gAMdhI' gAMdhIjIne apAyelI aMjali che. prabhunI karuNAeja sananana.... emane vIMdhIne A P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 267 saMsAranI vedanAmAMthI mukta karyAnuM kavi kahe che. "kavi nhAnAlAlane aMjali ApatAM maMgalamaya mRtyunI stuti kavi kare che, ne "gurjarakuMja moralo' emanA ISTadhAme devonuM amRta pAme evI kavinI abhyarthanA vyakta thaI che. yuvAna kavi goviMda svAmInuM mRtyu suMdaram pAse praznArtha banIne Ave che. kamanIya vAsaMtI prabhAte umaMgabhera TahelavAnI manorama ghaDIe kavinI kAMdhe zaba banI caDavAnuM eNe pasaMda karyuM. jalataraMganI jema prazno UbhA karanAra goviMdanuM mRtyu kavine basa eTalI samaja ApI gayuM ke "mRtyunA daradanI davA' haju koIne jaDI nathI. sva. paMDita nArAyaNa mo. khare. ne aMjali ApatAM kavi sadgatanA taMbUranA tAranA prabhAvane vyakta kare che. emanAM gIto mRtyune jItavAnuM baLa ApatAM. kavi kahe che. IhalokamAM to emane mRtyunI thoDIghaNIye bIka hatI. have teo betAja bAdazAha banI amaratvanAM gIta nirAMte gAI zakaze. mRtyunuM amRta teo evuM pIvaDAvatA ke saune dezakAje maravAnuM mana thAya. "jIvaMta ne amRta mRtyu keruM pivADatA gAI halakethI mIThI" 1 ('bhaktidhana nArada') mahAbhAratanA jAjaramAna pAtra "dripadI'ne aMjali ApatAM kavi suMdaram draupadInA viziSTa vyaktitvane zabdabaddha kare che. mRtyunI himALI AMdhI jIvananI ukhAne ThArI de che. agninI duhitA kerI - citA himamAM thaI" 200 karNa taraphanI sahAnubhUti pragaTa karatuM aMjalikAvya "karNa karNanA jIvana temaja mRtyunuM kAruNya vyakta kare che. "nava karazo koI zoka' kahenAranI zokamAM vItelI jiMdagIne yAda karI suMdaram kavi narmadane aMjali Ape che. narmada mATe nahi paNa potAnA mATe kavi zoka anubhave che. 1958mAM pragaTa thayelA madhyAhana kAvyasaMgrahamAM kavi karasanadAsa mANeka "evuM ja mAguM mota' nAmanuM suMdara aMjalikAvya Ape che. kasturabA gAMdhInA mRtyue prereluM chatAM prAsaMgikatAnI saghaLI parisImAo vaTAvI jatuM, mRtyusamayanA mahAbhyane gAtuM Adarza kAvya che. "ene smAraka zAM ne samAdhi zI" paNa kasturabAne aMjali ApatuM kAvya che. jemAM kasturabAnA jIvanane bAhya ziSTAcArI aMjali na hovAnuM kavi poteja kahe che. "mUrtimatI salkiyA'ne vaLI smAraka samAdhi zAM? emane to basa jagata mATe phoravuM gamyuM. eka teja aMdhakArane ujALIne mahAtejamAM viramI gayuM. "sva. mahAdevabhAIne' kAvyamAM zarUmAM mahAdevabhAInI guNaprazasti gAI che. temanI dezabhakti khAMDAnI dhAra jevI hatI. mahAdevabhAIne kavi vizva para UgelA "satyanA sUraja' tarIke biradAve che. "raMgaraMga amarata vIrA' karasanadAsa mANeke sva. amRtalAla zeThane uddezI aMjalikAvya lakhyuM. kavi kahe che, teoe amarata pIdhuM ne pAI jAyuM. akhaMDa yuddhanuM kesararaMgI gANuM emaNe gAI jANyuM. aNIzuddha sainikanI adAthI aNanama ullAsa sAcavyo, ne jyAM jarUra paDI tyAM jherakaTorAya pI lIdhA. "eka lokottara kamala herI gayuM'mAM (1857nI svAtaMtryalaDatanI zatAbdI nimitte) gAMdhIjIne biradAvatAM, deza khAtara zahIda banI amaratAnA pravAsI banelA saune kavi ahIM smare che. zahIdonAM mRtyu temaja gAMdhIjInuM balidAna muktisaMjIvanI P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 268 laI AvyAnuM kavi kahe che. "thaMbho have niSphaLa azru mArAM' gAMdhIjInI hatyAnI rAtreja karasanadAsa racyuM. AghAtajanya vedanA ahIM supere ghUMTAIne AvI che. kavi potAnAM niSphaLa azrune thobhI javA kahe che. yugothI aMdhakAranI kaMdarAmAM AthaDatA jIvane parama satyanI keDI cIMdhavA jevI ekeka paLa jiMdagInI kaNIe karIne peTAvI potAnuM samarpaNa karI jyota ApI te dIpa.... AgaLa lakhatAM kavinI vANI, kalama, haiyuM ruMdhAya che. gAMdhIjIno nizcetana deha sAme ja paDyo hoya tema citrAtmaka zailImAM kavi varNana kare che. "jo e tapasyA-dubaLA zarIrane tyAgI, UbhA yogI tamArI sAme" 03 gAMdhIjI pote ja jANe saveLA azru lUchI laI bAkI rahelA jaMgane cAlu rAkhavA kahe che. te pote pahelAnI jemaja haju emanI sAthe hovAnuM gAMdhIjI kahetA na hoya jANe? ne tethIja kavi potAnAM azrune thaMbhI javA kahe che. kathAmAM vAMcyuM "tuM" kAvyamAM ("tIrthodaka) premazaMkara bhaTTa gAMdhIjIe dadhicI RSi karatAMya moMdhuM balidAna ApyAnuM kahe che. jyAre hiMsAnA davamAM, mAnavyanuM sakala zubha pIMkhAI rahyuM hatuM, tyAre malakate mukhe teoe potAnA AyuSyanuM tarpaNa karyuM. 'gAMdhIjInI mRtyutithimAM paNa gAMdhIjIne sAcavI na zakyAno ja pazcAttApa vyakta thayo che. gAMdhInI hatyA vakhate mUguM kaMdana karatI dharitrI hIbakAM bharatI lAgI hatI. devajI moDhAe "svargastha TAgorane aMjali ApatAM ('Arata') lakhyuM che ke kavivarano sthUla deha bhale sanmukha na hoya topaNa sthalakAlasImA vilopI emano AtmA anaMta avakAzamAM sabhara vyApI rahyo che. "sva. bacubhAI rAvatane" ("tRSA') aMjali ApatAM kavi moDhA jaNAve che ke pAkI vaye gayA tethI zuM? AptajanonI vidAya koIpaNa kSaNe AkarI ja hoya che. "gayA....supyuM ne carara.... dhvani UThyo jANe utaiDAyuM kazuMka cittathI 28 paMktio dhAradAra che. dezaLajI paramAre "vIsamI sadI'nA samartha patrakAra zrI "hAjI mahammada alArakhiyAnA sAhitya zrAddharUpe "hAjI'no smArakagraMtha bahAra pADavA vicAryuM. "hAjInA ja smaraNamAM rAjahaMsa' nAmanuM eka "elajI' kAvya lakhyuM. jene caMdravadana mahetA sivAya koI samajI zakyuM na hatuM. 11/10/2panA muMbaIthI caMdravadane lakhelA patramAM kavine teoe "rAjahaMsanA raDhiyALA lekhaka tarIke biradAvyA hatA. "vIra narmadane'mAM kavi dezaLajI paramAre kavi narmadanAM arpaNone mahAna gaNyAM che. potAnI jAtane kavi kSudra mAne che. narmadane kavi 'kALamRtyunA vIra' tarIke oLakhAve che. "kalApInI samAdhi' pAsenI ramaNIya zAMtizobhAne varNavatAM kavi kahe che. emanI samAdhi pAse zAMtino pArAvAra pamAya che. ne saghaLI upAdhi jANe zamI jAya che. "zraddhAMjali' (1941)mAM kavivara ravIndranAthanA haiyAne kavi "buddhanA padha" samuM gaNAve che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 269 "racI ApyuM raso hai saH mRtyuMjaya rasAyana dharmagAthA sanAtana" 21 sAnta ekatArA vaDe teoe anaMtanuM gAna gAyAnuM kavi varNave che. "sva. boTAdakarane aMjali ApatAM kavi boTAdakarane khaDakasamA vaja mananA yogI sAthe sarakhAvI "zabdakazma' tarIke oLakhAve che. emanA AMtaciMte jhamatAM karuNarasane kavi yAda kare che. ramaNalAla vasaMtalAla desAI "kalApIne aMjali kAvyamAM ('nihArikA') kalApInI kavitAthI gurjarabhUmi rasALI ne rUpavatI banyAnuM kahe che. moMgho mayUra gagana vIMdhIne kema cAlyo gayo e samajAtuM nathI. kavi maganalAla bhUdharabhAI paTela (patIla) "narmadAne'mAM aneka mRtajanone paNa yAda karI aMjali arpe che. kavi narmadAne pitRonA pretanA uddhAraka tattva tarIke ahIM biradAve che. ne mRtyune bheTavAnI potAnI utsukatA vyakta kare che. kavi hasita bUce zikSaka "sva. prA. caturabhAIne' aMjali ApatAM emanA svabhAvanuM guNadarzana karAvyuM che. guruno have mAtra smaraNa-sAkSAtkAra ja nasIbamAM rahyo. gurumRtyune kavi "kALanA chala' tarIke oLakhAve che. vaja jevA rahIneya gUDha prema jharaNuM vahAvanArane saunI vikharAyelI zaktine vyavasthita karI ApanAra saradArane paNa kavie aMjali ApI che. 'taNakhe taNakhe amara'mAM svAtaMtryasaMgrAmamAM khAkha thayelAno itihAsa varNavI gAMdhI hatyA mATe haiyuM bALatAM kavi kahe che. saMta vIMdhAyo, harino jana vaiSNava bhAratano Atma vIMdhAyo 200 mRtyu laIne e saMte amRta dharyuM ne timira laI jagatamAM ajavALuM karyuM. "rahyA na gAMdhI' kAvyamAM kavi hasita bUca mRtyunA divya hastano nirdeza kare che. mRtyu gAMdhIne kRtArtha thayAnuM kavi kahe che. ne chatAM mRtyu e mRtyu ja che. gAMdhI have nathI, e satya kSaNe kSaNe kaThe che. gAMdhI gayA pachI emanI maDhelI chabI sarvatra dekhAya che. basa eTaluM ja, kavine gAMdhIjIno vatsala maMgaladhvani pharI pharI yAda Ave che. dhvani eno'mAM gAMdhI udgAra kALanI kalagI thaIne pharato hovAnuM kavi kahe che. kavi kAntane aMjali ApatAM e mRduhRdayI kAntane kavi hasita bUca jANe ke prazna kare che "cakravAkI' amita avakAzamAM zamI gaI' ? kavi jazabhAI paTele paNa gAMdhIjIne aMjali ApatAM kAvyo racyAM che. ("pratyuSa') sva. bApune' kAvyamAM bApune mATe kayuM vizeSaNa vAparavuM enI mUMjhavaNa teo anubhave che. gAMdhIjInI hatyAnI kAlimA kavinA cittane halAvI gaI hatI. e nimitte "jAnevArInI trIsamI' lakhAyuM. dareka trIsamI jAnyuArIe emano AtmA kakaLI UThe che. paNa e tArIkha sAthe gAMdhIjInuM zubhanAma joDAyeluM hovAthI game paNa kharuM. - kavi sureza gAMdhI ('varadAna) "sva. kavivara TAgorane'mAM TAgorane aMjali ApatAM kahe che. saMskRtinA mahAkavi TAgora jANe padmAsane prasanna citte rAjatA na hoya ? dehAvasAna thavA chatAM emanI gItavasaMta to pallavapuSpa gheraghera mahoratI rahI hovAnI zraddhA kavinI to rahI che. "sva. malayAnilane aMjali ApatAM "anaMtanA zyAmala AMcalamAM puSpaparAga gherA mArgamAM' e verI gayAnuM kavi kahe che. sauMdaryano pravAsI akSararUpe P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 270 kAvyapuSyamAM paNa e sadAya vasato ja hovAno. kavi mInu desAI "sva. sAgalane aMjali ApatAM sadgatanI dardabharI surAvali have nahi maLavAnuM duHkha vyakta kare che. "yugapravartaka tapasvIne'mAM arvAcIna gadya tathA padyasAhityanA praNetA narmadane aMjali ApatAM narmadane vAgIzvarInA parama pUjArI tarIke kavi mInu desAIe biradAvyA che. "zrI araviMdane kAvyamAM mRtyune mulAyamarUpe varNavyuM che. ahI "motane hasatuM' nIrakhavAno anubhava zabdabaddha thayo che. "padyaparAga'nA kavi kezava ha. zeThe deza khAtara phanA thaI jatA zahIdone aMjali ApatAM ('zahIdanI samAdhi') zahIdonI anasta Atamajyotano nirdeza karyo che. TAgorane aMjali ApatAM kavi (nivApAMjali') emane "janahRdayanA rAjavI "rASTra-daSTA' sRSTinA saMdezAvAhaka tathA bhAratanA bhAnu' jevAM suMdara vizeSaNothI snehabharapUra aMjali arpe che. e mRtyuno nahi mAnavI o janahRdayanA rAjavI" to "muktAtmana motIlAlajI' jatAM navalakha tAralAne, caMdra hovA chatAM nabha sUnuM thayAnuM kavi kahe che. mukti mA jaNyA moMghAM saMtAnanAM balidAno laI le che. eno emane vasavaso che. 'vIra viThThalabhAIne' aMjali ApatAM kavi temane 'nUrevatana' kahI biradAve che. lAgaNInA pUramAM taNAIne bhAratabhUmine kavi "bhogabhUkhI' kahe che. "narmadakavine' aMjali ApatAM narmadane sudhArAno ne sAhityano tapasI ane "tejalavIra' kahe che. "kalApI' kAvyamAM kalApInA avasAna sAthe kamanIya kalAsvapna saMkelAyAnuM kavi anubhave che. kalApI jatAM kAvyakuMjo, vana upavana paMkhI, sau snehasUnAM thayAM hovAnuM kavi kahe che. "carotaranuM motI zrI narasiMharAvanA sapUta motIbhAIne bhAvabhInI aMjali ApatuM kAvya che. gurjarI kaMThethI e tejalamALane toDI levAtAM kavi vyathA anubhave che. - kavi kusumAkara "kavi nhAnAlAlane aMjali ApatAM nhAnAlAlanI vANImAM chalaktA brahmaparAgane tathA emanA amara vAsaMtI phAganA mahimAne biradAve che. to "hRdayakuMja' kusumAkare gAMdhIjIne ApelI aMjali che. yugadarA gAMdhI mRtyune pInArA hatA. ema kavi kahe che. A uparAMta buddha tathA isune paNa aMjali arpI che. kavi kahe che, abhizapta ne vyathita jagata duHkhabhAre hIbakAM bharatuM hatuM tyAre Isu bIjAnAM pApo potAne zira laIne saune mukta karatA. govardhanarAmanA sarjanane kusumAkara, prabhunAM dvAra kholI ApanAra tattva tarIke varNave che. kavi kahe che e ciMtaka ane RSikavinA sarjanamAM divyAmRtanI lakSmI, buddhi ane zrInI yAcanA hatAM. sAhityanA amRtasabhara jayotidhAme potAne laI janAra kavitAguru "kAntane aMjali ApatAM kusumAkara kAntanI kavitAne "upaniSadanI RcAo kahe che. jayamanagaurI pAThakajI emanA "tejachAyA' saMgrahamAM "sva. kamaLAzaMkara trivedIne nivApAMjali' kAvyamAM saddagatanI guNaprazasti Ape che. kavayitrI kahe che, anaMtakALa vahI jaze, toya e akSaravADInAM puSpo sukAvAnAM nathI ema kahI AMsunI haLavI zabdamALa teo sadgata gurune samarpe che. durgeza zukla gAMdhIhatyAne vyakti hatyA na gaNatAM mAMgalyahatyA gaNAve che. goDasee P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 271 gAMdhIjInI nahi, paNa vizvamAMgalyanI hatyA karyAnuM kavi kahe che. "kavinidhana' kAvyamAM ravIndranAthanA avasAna nimitte zraddhAMjali ApatAM kavi "kALane niSphara' gaNAve che. kavi ravIndranAthanA nidhane rUpane jhIlatI kavi dRSTi ane vizvanI vANI na bhaMbhe e mATe jANe pRthvInA koTi kaMThanI prArthanAo saMbhaLAtI hatI. prajArAma rAvaLa, "kavi kAntane' aMjali ApatAM emanI kavitAne 'ciralAvaNyamayI kavitA' kahe che. gurjara kavitAnuM mauktika vIMdhAyAnI vedanA kavie vyakta karI che. paNa kAvya dvArA akSaradehe teo amara hovAnuM AzvAsana kavi meLave che. "gaTene' aMjali ApatAM kAvyamAM jarmana kavi gaTenAja chellA zabdo "prakAza adhika prakAza' zabdo yAda karAyA che. sauMdaryanA e parama pipAsune aMtaveLA adhika prakAzanI tamannA jAgI hatI. kavi goviMda svAmInA "pratipadA' pustakamAM (pAnuM 93 thI 98) kavi mitra goviMdanA avasAna aMge "have na goviMda' kAvya racAya che. mitranAM smaraNo prajArAmane UMghavA detAM nathI. bIjA janme maLavAnI vAta kavi karatA hovA chatAM je dehane cAhyo, je AMkhe mitrane nihALyo, eja rUpa ne AkAra jovAnI kavi jhaMkhanA che. paNa pAchuM tarata vizeSa sUkSmarUpe satata goviMda emanI sAtheja hovAnuM teo AzvAsana meLave che. gAMdhInA avasAne ahiMsA, satya ane sevAnI tridevIo codhAra AMsue raDe, e potAne na gamatI vAta hovAnuM kahe che. gAMdhIjInI hatyAne kavi "karALo dharatIkaMpa' kahe che. nirvANadine' paNa gAMdhIjInA mRtyusaMdarbhe lakhAyeluM kAvya che. kavi kahe che. koTi koTi cakhe UDyA azrukerA jalAzaya' gAMdhIjInI saMvatsarIne kavi maDhIvALA mRtyunI ke kalaMkanI saMvatsarI kahe che. "aMjali kAvyamAM dara varSe AvatI gAMdhIjInI janmatithi kavine vyathita karatI hovAnI vAta karAI che. gAMdhInA mRtyunA TANAnuM duHkhada smaraNa emanI janmatithinA AnaMdane adezya kare che. prajJAmUrti sva. mazarUvALAne aMjali ApatAM kavi maDhIvALA emane prabuddha jJAnayogI kahI biradAve che. ("prajJAmUrti') kavi emane ja sIdho prazna kare che. "mRtyu saMzodhanArthe zuM Aje prasthAna karyuM? | kavi bAdarAyaNe elphinsTana kaoNlejanA adhyApaka prophesara kulakarNInI puNyatinuM Alekhana "smaraNa'mAM karyuM che. kavi kahe che Atmazakti pragaTa karavA deha azakta bane tyAre eno AtmA eno tyAga kare che. caMdrazekharanAM kAvyo'mAM kavi caMdrazaMkara govardhanarAma smAraka nimitte govardhanarAma mAdhavarAma tripAThIne aMjali ApatuM "nivApAMjali' kAvya racyuM. jemAM emanI kRtione teoe acalaamala kIrtismArako gaNAvyAM che. gAMdhIjI-nAya pahelA "mahAtmA'nA lokanAmathI mazahUra thayelA ne pAchaLathI zraddhAnaMda tarIke oLakhAyelA vIranA khUnanA samAcAre dharmasamarpita e prANane mATe "dhanya dharmavIra avasAna' nAmanuM aMjalikAvya kavie gayelAM kAvyajharaNAMnI ciMtA ahIM vyakta thaI che. nRsiMhadAsa vibhAkaranI sAtamI mRtyutithie (21|8|31) emane aMjali ApatA "tuM kone nahi vhAlo' kAvyamAM nAnI umare avasAna pAmelI e prabhAvazALI vibhUtine vaMdana karAyA che. baMdhu khabaradArane P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 272 vaMdanamAM khabaradArane aMjali ApatAM kavi caMdrazaMkare samagra pArasI komanI vyaktitAne biradAvI che. to "vIra vADIlAlane vidAyavaMdana'mAM vADIlAlanA vIravabharyA mRtyune kavie biradAvyuM che. "vaMdana pUjya govardhanarAma' kAvyamAM 'govardhanajayaMtI') paMcamahAbhUtanA banelA mAnavadehanI jema govardhanarAmanA "akSaradeha'no nirdeza thayo che. govardhanarAmanI pAMceya kRtinA saMdarbhane anulakSIne ahIM aMjali apAI che. 1 mohanalAla bhaTTa (mohinIcaMdra) kavi ravIndranAthane aMjali ApatuM "brahmarAjarSi' kAvya lakhyuM. sakala bhUmaMDale AtmAmRtabharI kavitAnA kanakavA choDanAra Udhva AmaMtyamAM UDI gayA chatAM, mRtyu pAmavA chatAM kavi gurupada pAmI amara banyAnuM kahevAyuM che. vIra bhagatasiMha rAjaguru, tathA sukhadevanI svAtaMtryadhagazane aMjali ApatA "dUta' kAvyamAM kavi mohinIcaMdra saune muktinA jIvaMta amaradUta kahI vaMde che. zahIdonuM e virala mRtyu emane amaratva ApatuM hovAnuM kavi kahe che. maNizaMkara harizaMkara davee "gAMdhIviraha' nAmanuM lAMbuM aMjalikAvya lakhyuM che. Ama to "karuNaprazasti' prakAranuM A kAvya che. kavi ahIM gAMdhIjIne mAdhuryanA mahAkAvya, satyanuM zuddha saMgIta, ahiMsAnI AzA tathA vizvanA amRta tarIke oLakhAve che. ne bApu jatAM "sAbara-Azramo sUnAM ja UbhA rAha haju jue sAre azrusaritAo sAte A sAgara rue 208 ahIM mAtra bhAvodreka ja che. kAvyatva nahivata che. gAMdhI jatAM samagra vize zirachatra gumAvyAnI lAgaNIne vyakta karatA kavi kahe che. vikhUTI vatsathI dhenu adhIrI jema bhAMbhare - bhAMbhare . Apa viyogathI jhUruM * tAta huM tema aMtare" 29 gAMdhIjInA mRtyune kavi "mahAmoMghuM mRtyu' kahe che. ne satyanI e svayaMtine nitya pUrNa prakAzavA prArthe che. kavi praphlAda pAThaka "priyakAntane aMjali ApatAM uttarAyaNane garbhita arthamAM yAda kare che. kavi kahe che, pAMca hajAra varSa pahelAM bhISma pitAmahe paNa uttarAyaNanI AvI ne ATalI pratIkSA karI na hatI. kavi kahe che. "paNa mane zI khabara ke tamArI dorIne ke naciketAnA gurue dAMtI pADI dIdhI hatI" 210. to cUDagara priyakAntane aMjali ApatAM kavitAsuMdarIne kaMkaNo paherAvanAra na rahyAno aphasosa kavi vyakta kare che. kavine zuM potAnA pratIka'mAM saubhAgya sUcana banavAnI zraddhA na hatI ? 10 * P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 273 gAMdhIyuga - ane smazAna varNana gAMdhIyuganA keTalAka kavioe smazAnanuM paNa suMdara varNana karyuM che. smazAna sAthenI maitrInI, smazAnamAM maLatI zAMti ane svasthatAnI, tyAM pamAtA anAsaktibhAvanI vAta lakhI che. jUnA smazAna ghATa'mAM kavi sneharazmi ('nijalIlA') smazAna sAthenI maitrInI vAta kare che. ekavAra smazAnaghATe nIrava pagalAM kavine saMbhaLAyA hatA. citAnI zItaLa ghere kavinAM aMga pulakita bane che. mRtyu sAthenI paricitatAnI jema smazAnabhUmi sAthenI the paricitatA kavi anubhave che. "smazAnane' kAvyamAM ( kSitije tyAM laMbAvyo hAtha') asaMkhya bhedone ogALI nAkhI saune zaMkaranA aMgone vibhUSita karatI bhasmanuM gaurava khakhaDAvatA UbhelA kavine aMdara "Atmavata sarvabhUteSu'no maMtra saMbhaLAya che. haLavadanA smazAna pAse seMkaDo khAMbhIo ane derIothI chavAyelA medAna "rAjesaranI derIone'mAM kavi premazaMkara bhaTTa pelA aDIkhama UbhelA agaNa pALiyA joIne vicAre che jayAM amaste javuMamaMgala manAya che. tyAM ja harekane viramavAnuM. e vaicitrya ja ne?' kavi kahe che smazAna, evuM sthaLa che, jyAM chaLa, dveSa, daMbha, mada, svArtha, mohAMdhatA hotA nathI. vaLI ahIM sau sarakhAM, tethIja kavine A sthaLa game che. che "sahu sAthare dhULanA samAna banI poDhatA" 21 aneka varSo pUrva ko navajuvAna aneka bhava sAtha nibhAvavAnAM vacanonuM baMdhana choDI dhIMgANAmAM doDI jaI adITha mRtyune paMtha pahoMcyo haze. patinI pAchaLa enI citAnA agnine laIne utsave paLatI hoya evA maMgalavastra ne saubhAgyacihana dharI e satI thaI haze. goviMda ha. paTela "guru goviMdasiMha' kAvyamAM smazAnanuM bhayAnaka varNana Ape che. thAtI citA zamita kyAMka vaLI vibhUti aMgAra toya jhagatA kaMIka meM sthaLe hAMDI phUTela mRNanI paNa kaMTha pAze jANe kathe, maraNathI nahi mukti Ave" 212 saphara ane bIjAM kAvyo'mAM kavi muralI ThAkure svajananI dhIkhatI citA tathA svajana sAthenA sahavAsanAM smaraNo yAda AvatAM smazAnanI bhayAnaktAno ullekha "mazANa" kAvyamAM karyo che. citAne, smazAnane jotAM sadgata svajananI yAdanAM tAMDava khelAtAM dekhAya che. smazAnane jotAM, tyAM jatAM jIvana maraNanA vicAro Ave, ne svajananI yAdanAM tAMDava racAya ne chatAM hRdayathI to kavi smazAnabhUmine vaMde che. tyAM virala zAMtino anubhava pamAto hoya che. potAne eka vakhata zaba banIne tyAM javAnuM, tethIja kadAca atyArathI enuM AkarSaNa rahe. niraMtara svajana godano anubhava smazAne thAya. arthAta potAnA aneka janmone kAraNe aneka mRtyu paNa smazAna sAthe saMkaLAyelAM che. Ama citA ane smazAna kavione mAnavamAtranI samAnatAno, zAMtino temaja jIvana ane saMsAranI nirarthakatAno saMdeza Ape che. P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 274 gAMdhIyuga ane vividha kavionI mRtyujhaMkhanAo" gAMdhIyuganA keTalAka kavioe viziSTa prakAranI mRtyujhaMkhanAo sevI che. kevA prakAranuM mRtyu teo icche che, temaja mRtyu pachI zuM sAthe laI javA icche che enI vAta paNa koIka kavioe karI che. kavi rA. vi. pAThaka maravA mATe paNa bhavya prasaMganI jhaMkhanA sevatA. ('jayAre A AyakhuM khUTe') jevI rIte mAta, nIMdaratuM bALaka dhImethI aMkamAM le tevI rIte mRtyu temane upADI le tevI emane jhaMkhanA thatI hatI ane banyuM paNa ema ja. mALI kharelAM pAnane kyArAmAM vALI laI, navA aMkurane pAMgaravA kharelAM pAnane bALI nAkhe e ja rIte potAnA zeSa jIvananuM ko mATe khAtara banavAnI bhAvanA paNa emanI kharI ja. A uparAMta sadgata patnI gatajIvananI prIte Ave, ne AvI na zake to potAne enI pAse (vargamAM) bolAvI le, evuM paNa kavie iccheluM. rA. vi. pAThake potAnI mRtyujhaMkhanAnuM nAjuka abhirAma varNana karyuM che. mahAna kavinA basa, jarAka zabdasparza, bhAvaka tenA vizvamAM praveze, basa rasane harSe svayaM e pote, Izvara kavine AkarSI le, mRtyudeva emane AkarSI le evI jhaMkhanA paNa teoe karI hatI. rA. vi. pAThake teo mRtyu pAme tyAre ko emano zoka na kare, emanA javAthI asahAya na banI jAya evI icchA vyakta karI hatI. "mAro kone lopa na naDazo mAro koI zoka na karazo" 13 vatanapremI caMdravadana mahetAe "gujarAta' kAvyamAM vatanamAMja mRtyu pAmavAnI potAnI jhaMkhanA vyakta karI hatI. dIkarInA avasAne jUnA devaLasamuM jemanuM jIvana banI gayuM hatuM. evA kavi sneharazmi janmadivasamAM, mAtra eTalA mATe rasa dharAvatA ke janmadivasa, duHkha ane paritApasabhara jIvanane dhIme dhIme mRtyu bhaNI laI jato hoya che. dAyakAonA anubhavonI raMgaberaMgI jhAMyavALA dehanA uttarIyane kAMcaLI utAratA sApanI jema kyAMka TIMgADI devAnI jhaMkhanA kavi sneharazmie vyakta karI hatI. mRtyu pachI zuM zuM laI javuM? enI suMdara kalpanA, jhaMkhanA umAzaMkare vyakta karI che. ("mahAprasthAna') ("zuM zuM sAthe laI jaIza huM') vasataMnI hRdayabhara siddhi, meghala sAMje vRkSaDALIomAM jhIlAto taDako, mAnavajAtanI krAMti, enA mastake jhabakatI himAdrizveta zAMti, pazunI dhIraja, vihaMganA kalanRtya, zilAnuM ciraMtana mauna, viraha dhaDakatuM milana, saMtonI zAMta, zILI smitazobhA, saumya tArakti Abha, priyahRdayono cAha, masta mitra goThaDI, ajANyA mAnavabaMdhunuM lUcheluM azrubiMdu, nidrAnI nAnI laherakhI, eka nAnakaDo svapnadAbaDo tathA bALakanA anaMta AzAthI camakatAM nayano teo sAthe laI javAnI IcchA rAkhatA.... ne te paNa khullA be khAlI hAthe. kavi iMdulAla gAMdhIe mRtyune supere mANavAnI jhaMkhanA vyakta karI hatI. ('gorasI') ane e tyAre ja zakya bane, jayAre ribAIne maravAnuM na hoya. daradagrasta banI deha saDI saDIne mare evuM teo kadI icchatA nahi. koI agamya pradezamAM, ajANyA sthaLe ekaja jhATake maravAnI emanI IcchA hatI. kAraNa AvA mRtyu vakhate pachI maranAra temaja bAkI P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 275 rahenAra koIneya koI mohamAyA ne sparze evuM kavi kadAca mAnatA haze. ( manasukhalAla jhaverInA kAvyanI nAyikA pIDA ApatAM sadgatanAM smaraNanI jhaMkhanA ('saMsmaraNa' "phUladola') je kavinI jhaMkhanAne vAcA Ape che, sAthe sAthe potAnA aMtakALe paNa dAMta vinAnA hoTha para bhUtakALanA sukhasmaraNo aMkAyelI mitarekhA ramI rahe, evuM e jhaMkhe che. kAraNa mRtyu samaye e mitarekhA evIne evI ja aNanama rahevAnI ne? mRtyu acAnaka akALe Ave evuM manasukhalAla jhaverI icchatA na hatA. jo ke kavi svargamAM javA paNa IcchatA na hatA. "mRtyune' kAvyamAM mRtyu sAthe moDhAmoDha thayelI vAtacItamAM potAnA vatanamAM tAjagIbharyA punarjanmanI jhaMkhanA vyakta thaI che. kavi pUjAlAlane mokSa ke svarganI jhaMkhanA na hatI. temane to jaDamAMthI cetanamAM, mRtyumAMthI amRtalokamAM laI janArI zrImatI IzvarInA svarUpamAM lIna thaI javAnI jhaMkhanA hatI. te hathelImAM eka aMjali karI kALane parAsta karI emane pI javo hato. sudUra saphare'mAM ("sopAnikA') pUjAlAle, emanI aMtima veLAe svajano sajala netre ADA UbhA na rahe, evI jhaMkhanA sevI hatI. asIma siMdhu sAda pADe tyAre jIva paLanoya vilaMba na kare evuM paNa teoe icchayuM hatuM. ratubhAIe paNa eka viziSTa prakAranI jhaMkhanA yAtrApathano AlApa'mAM vyakta karI che. amaradhAmanI yAtrA TANe kavi potAnA paMcatattvonuM visarjana kare, tyAre saune azru DhALavAnI ke zokathI vidgala thavAnI teo nA pADe che. "mArA para puSpanI aMjali verazo mAM mArA deha samIpa dIpa pragaTAvazo mA. ke dhUpadAnI dharazo mA mArI arthInI yAtrA kADhazo mA "mArA vilaya bAda mArI pratimAnI pUjA karazo nahi" 14 kavi ratubhAI emanA aNavyakta vicAro dvArA, amUrta zabdo dvArA, aspaSTa bhAvanA dvArA ja amara ane akSara jIvananI jhaMkhanA seve che. "khaMDerano jhurApo'mAM ratubhAI, mArgamAM jo matyu maLI jAya to mRtyunA hAthamAM hAtha mUkI bAkIno paMtha kApavA icche che. patnInA avasAna pachI jIvanamAM rasa na rahyo hovAthI kavi mRtyunI jhaMkhanA seve che. mRtyu jhaMkhanAnA ramya svarUpanI suMdarajI beTAIe paNa vAta karI che. "Avaje baMdhu Avaje' ('tulasIdala')mAM kavi beTAI kahe che. AMtarajayoti kAvyasudhAnuM pAna karyuM hoya, kaDavA jIvana ghUMTa visarAI gayA hoya, ne suMdara madhura, madhu lAdhyuM hoya, ne eno khuzanumA AhalAdabharyo anubhava thayo hoya. sAgaranuM AnaMdagAna saMbhaLAtuM hoya. dhanya ramya rAtrie, rAmastavana pote karatA hoya tyAre mRtyu rAmAnucara banIne Ave evI jhaMkhanA beTAIe ahIM vyakta karI che. mRtyu kavinA anya svajanone khalela pahoMcADe e kavine pasaMda nathI. tethI doradamAma ke garjanA sAthe AvavAnI mRtyune teo nA pADe che. janma sAthe gaMThAyelA paramamitra mRtyuno javAba paNa kavi A sAthe mAgI le che. ne potAne mitranI jema premapUrvaka laI javA teo mRtyune prArthe che. "mRtyu'nA nAmano nirdeza karyA vinA nirvatana' zabda mUkI sUkSma AdhyAtmadaSTi darzAvI, paMcadeva samAna, pelAM pAMca P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 276 tattvo sva sthAne pAchA phare evI taTasthatA pUrvakanI jhaMkhanA sevI mRtyunA mauna gaganane mANavAnA abhilASa beTAI ('nivartanaTANe') vyakta kare che ane aMte eja rIte "raNakatI bhale'mAM mRtyunI mahAAhvAna TaMkorInA raNakArane AnaMdapUrvaka vadhAvavAnI jhaMkhanA paNa kavi vyakta kare che. mRtyunI khINanA aMdhArA rastAmAMya sukomaLa prakAzanI galI maLI Ave, ne komaLa madhura prakAza pAtharI de evI jhaMkhanAya vyakta thaI che. kavi suMdaram "sudhA pIvI' ("kAvyamaMgalA') kAvyamAM amara thavAnI anicchA vyakta kare che. ne chatAMya jo Izvara emane amaratva ApavA icchatA ja hoya to kavi badhAja prakRtitamaso, indriyanI bhUMDI lAlasA, tathA dIna zamaNAM naSTa thAya evI jhaMkhanA seve che. karasanadAsa mANeke potAnA mRtyu bAda ('madhyAhana) potAnuM koIpaNa prakAranuM smAraka na racavA mitrone jaNAveluM. "kabara pUrazo nA, phUlo verazo mA prazastinA phogaTana, phAtehA bhaNazo ja karasanadAsane, potAnA mRtyubAda guNakathA, phUlaprazaMsA, prazastivacano thAya e pasaMda na hatuM. "dhIre dhIre padhAro nAtha' ('rAma tAro dIvaDo')mAM deharUpI piMjaramAM lathaDiyA khAtA potAnA AtmAne e kedamAMthI choDAvavAnI jhaMkhanA vyakta thaI che. kavi mANeke muktinI jhaMkhanA kadI sevI na hatI. kAraNa emane to atUTa zraddhA hatI ke emano AtmA dehasahita ja muktidhAma' banI jaze. potAnA dehanA saLiyA soMsaravA Izvara padhAre evI abhilASA paNa emanI kharI. kavi devajI moDhA aneka janmonI temanI jIvanayAtrA pUrI thAya evI jhaMkhanA seve che. janmamaraNanA A AMTApherAmAMthI mukta thaI TharIThAma thavAnI temanI jhaMkhanA ('tRSA') vyakta thaI che. to vaLI tarata ja "tArI kUkhe pharIthI'mAM virodhAbhAsI jhaMkhanA vyakta thaI che. mAnI kUkhe pharI janmavAnI icchA ahIM pragaTa karAI che. kavi devajI moDhA potAnI jIvanasaMdhyAe agnideva pAsethI tejasvI medhAnA varadAnanI jhaMkhanA vyakta kare che. ('taNakhalAM" "tRSA') jethI gahana tamasanA tathA jIvana ane mRtyunA tAga pAmI zakAya. kavi jayendrarAya dUrakALa pitRonA divyalokamAM kSaNeka sthAna pAmI, sadgata banelAnAM puNyamaya darzano karavAnI jhaMkhanA "aMjali' kAvyamAM rajU kare che. "aMtima icchA' kAvyamAM maraNa pachI potAnA zabane kyAM agnidAha karavo, e mATe rajU thayelI suMdara jhaMkhanAmAM kavi nalina maNizaMkara bhaTTanI jhaMkhanAnuM paNa pratibiMba jovA maLe che. jayAM saritA umaMgathI vahetI hoya, pAnavALAM vRkSa vherAtAM hoya, tyAM potAnA mRtadehane agnidAha ApavA kAvyanAyaka kahe che, je kavinI jhaMkhanAnuM paNa pratIka gaNAya. prabodha pArAzarya ('arcana) janma samaye raDanAra mAnavanI mRtyupaLe hasatAM hasatAM javAnI jhaMkhanAmAM, parokSa rIte potAnI ja jhaMkhanA ne vAcA ApI che. te kavi goviMda svAmIe madhurA maraNanI jhaMkhanA sevI hatI. "hRdayagamatA paMthe jhiMdAdile nita jIvatA maraNa madhuruM, jhaMkhI rahyo basa A ja o" 1 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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149 - arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 277 mukti' kAvyamAM ('nAndI') prajArAma rAvaLe mRtyu dvArA pamAtI muktinI jhaMkhanAne pragaTa karI che. - naTavaralAla paTele javuM che paragAmamAM ('gulAla') ahIMnuM badhuM tyajI gAmataruM karavAnI eTale ke mRtyu jhaMkhanAnI vAta to karI ja che. paNa mRtyu pachInA agamya pradezamAM ArAma ane zAMti meLavavAnI paNa teo abhilASA seve che. salAmapriya" Ama to prahalAda pAThake raceluM yugadarzananuM kAvya che. kAvyanAyaka svajanane AkharI salAma kare che. pharI na maLAya to vasavaso na rahe e mATe svajanane cumI le che. kAraNa dehanA aNuaNu svAtaMtryasaMgrAme paLavA thanaganI rahyA hatA. potAnA jevA ajJAtanI kabara para jo AjhAdInI imArata khaDI rahe to potAnA lopano zoka koI na kare evI jhaMkhanA kavinA mRtyuno zoka paNa koI na kare evI jhaMkhanAnuM pratIka banI rahe che. pAdaTIpa a.naM. vigata pRSTha naM. "arvAcIna gujarAtI sAhityanI DaoN. dhIrubhAI ThAkara vikAsarekhAbhAga-2 2. ejana 150 3. ejanatA pAra 150, 151 4. ejana 4ba. ejana ejana rA. vi. pAThaka sarjaka ane vivecaka DaoN. jayaMta pAThaka zepanAM kAvyo rAmanArAyaNa vi. pAThaka ejana arvAcIna gujarAtI sAhityanI Do. dhIrubhAI ThAkara 24ra vikAsarekhA bhAga-2 sakala kavitA' sneharazmi 259 ejana 262 12. ejana 298 13. ejana 311 14. ejana. 15e. ejana 500 1paba. ejana 644 16. ejana 17. "arvAcIna gujarAtI sAhityanI DaoN. dhIrubhAI ThAkara 179 vikAsarekhA' bhAga-2 18. "samagra kavitA' pa umAzaMkara jozI 648 19. pArijAta pUjAlAla dalavADI 184, 185 39 45 11. 499 644 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 278 20. 21. ejana ejana ejana 187 18 (pravezaka) 189 194 10, 14 ratubhAI desAI ratubhAI desAI 67 120 amIdAsa kANakiyA suMdarajI beTAI suMdarajI beTAI karasanadAsa mANeka devajI moDhA 70 70 35. devajI moDhA dezaLajI paramAra ramaNalAla va. desAI zaMkaralAla paMDyA 93 69 125 283 ra3. ejana 24. "jananI' 25. ejana ra6. "sAsumAnI jhAlarI' ra7. ejana 28. "dIpazikhA' indradhanu' 30. saddagata caMdrazIlAne 31. Alabela' 32. ejana 33. "zraddhA" 34. "ejana 'tRSA' 36. 'uttarAyana' nihArikA 38. nirbhAgI nirmalA yAne eka yuvakanI karuNAjanaka premakathA' 39. nalinIparAga" ejana tapovana 42. pratipadA 43. pratIkSA 44. ejana 45. mAtRvaMdanA' 46. ejana 47. sata manISAne 48. ejana 49.. ejana ejana ejana ' ejana pa3. vizeSa kAvyo 54. bhrama" (hastaprata) papa. "ilAkAvyo ratana ane bIjAM badhAM 56. ejana nalina maNizaMkara bhaTTa 93 40. * 41. 12 goviMda ha. paTela kavi goviMda svAmI ramaNika arAlavALA 18 21 pro. goviMdabhAI paTela 53 pro. goviMdabhAI paTela 16 18 51. para. rAmanArAyaNa vi. pAThaka caMdravadana ci. mahetA caMdravadana ci. mahetA 16, 217 rara4 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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ejana ejana ejana ejana arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 279 pa7. ejana 225 58. sakala kavitA" sneharazmi 106 pa9. ejana 246 ejana 255 263 ejana 301 ejana 404 ejana 409 411 536 ejana 547 ejana papa0 993 ejana 709 samagra kavitA umAzaMkara jozI 170 hara. ejana 176 ejana 176 ejana 247 75. ejana 247 76. ejana 250 77. ejana ra92 ejana 292 79. ejana 461 80. ejana 818 81. ejana 818 82. zatadala indulAla gAMdhI 186 83. uttarIya IndulAla gAMdhI 126 84. abhisAra" manasukhalAla jhaverI 85. kAvyasuSamA' saMpAdako: anaMtarAya rAvaLa 126 gulAbadAsa brokara, amRtalAla yAjJika 86. anubhUti manasukhalAla jhaverI 87. ejana 158 88. "zuktikA pUjAlAla dalavADI 89. ejana 90. "sopAnikA pUjAlAla dalavADI 104 91. jananI ratubhAI desAI 14 92. ejana 51 46 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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117 14 35 108 110 177 206 120 124 43. 74 78 m w 106 100 102 arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 280 93. kalpanA ratubhAI desAI 94. "sAsumAnI jhAlarI ratubhAI desAI 5. yAtrApathano AlApa ratubhAI desAI 96. 97. ejana 98, ejana 99. ejana 100. ejana suMdarajI beTAI 102, ejana 103. "vizeSAMjali suMdarajI beTAI 104. ejana 105. ejana 106. "vyaMjanA' suMdarajI beTAI 107. ejana 108, yAtrA suMdaram 109. ejana 110. "keTalAMka kAvyo' (suMdaramanAM) saMpAdaka : niraMjana bhagata 111. "koDiyAM" zrIdharANI 112. ejana 113. ejana 114. "punarapi" zrIdharANI 115. "madhyAna karasanadAsa mANeka 116. dharitrI" premazaMkara ha. bhaTTa 117. "Arata devajI moDhA 118. "tRSA' devajI moDhA 119. "amRtA devajI moDhA 120. uttarAyana' dezaLajI paramAra 121. "nihArikA ramaNalAla va. desAI 122. "zamaNAM ramaNalAla va. desAI 123. "kalpanA" lInA maMgaladAsa 124. ghaDiyALa" lInA maMgaladAsa 125. ejana 1ra6. "UDatAM bIja lInA maMgaladAsa 127. nalinI parAga nalina maNizaMkara bhaTTa 128. ejana 129. "tapovana' govida ha. paTela 196 222 224 84 127 18 ja 55 132 30 10 28 7ra 58 128 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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13 179 252 73 73 35 54 32 131 55 78 29 arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 281 130. ejana 131. "guru goviMdasiMha goviMda ha. paTela 132. ejana 133. "pratipadA kavi goviMda svAmI 134. ejana 13pa. "pitRvaMdanA" pro. goviMdabhAI paTela 136, "mAtRvaMdanA" pro. goviMdabhAI paTela 137. "padmA" prajArAma rAvaLa 138. ejana 139. parimala ramaNIkalAla dalAla 140. "maMjUSA' mohinIcaMdra 141. "gAMdhIviraha' maNizaMkara harizaMkara dave 142. ejana 143. "kharatA tArAne' prahUlAda pAThaka 144. "samagra kavitA 15. ejana 146. 'phUladola' manasukhalAla jhaverI 147. 'pArijAta pUjAlAla dalavADI 148. "yAtrApathano AlApa" ratubhAI desAI 149. "Arata" devajI moDhA 15e. zeSanAM kAvyo" rA. vi. pAThaka 15Oba.rA.vi. pAThaka "vADmaya pratibhA' kAMtilAla kAlANI 151. "ekatAro' jhaveracaMda meghANI 15ra. "sakala savitA' sneharazmi 153. ejana 154. ejana 155. ejana 1pa6. "zatadala' indulAla gAMdhI 1pa7. "abhisAra manasukhalAla jhaverI 158. "mA bhagavatI' pUjAlAla dalavADI 159. "muktAvalI pUjAlAla dalavADI 160. "yAtrApathano AlApa" ratubhAI desAI 161. 'vizeSAMjali suMdarajI beTAI 162. "yaMjanA suMdarajI beTAI 163. ejana 164. ejana 165. samagra kabitA umAzaMkara jozI 12 818 19 194 1977 47 36 144 174 110 ra77 318 325 37 46 17 100 110 43 15 40 pa7 521 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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46 25 265 18 arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 282 166. ejana 394 167. ejana 818 168. ejana 818 169. yAtrApathano AlApa ratubhAI desAI 109 170. "IndradhanuM suMdarajI beTAI 137 171. 'koDiyAM" zrIdharANI 204 172. dharitrI premazaMkara bhaTTa 38 173. "maNikAnta kAvyamAlA" zaMkaralAla paMDyA 283 174. "tapovana goviMda ha. paTela 175. kasuMbIno raMga' jhaveracaMda meghANI 176. ejana 113 177. "ekatAro" jhaveracaMda meghANI 174 178. samagra kavitA" umAzaMkara jozI 179. ejana 275 180. ejana 284 181. ejana 285 182. "phUladola manasukhalAla jhaverI 183. ejana 1844.ejana 184ba.phUladola manasukhalAla jhaverI 185. ejana 101 186, "ArAdhanA" manasukhalAla jhaverI 187. vizeSAMjali suMdarajI beTAI 15 188. "keTalAMka kAvyo" (suMdaramanAM) saMpAdaka : niraMjana bhagata 115 189. "mahArathI karNa premazaMkara bhaTTa 190i.ejana 190ba "agnijayota premazaMkara bhaTTa 191. ejana 192. ejana 193. ejana 194. ejana 195. ejana 1968. arcana prabodha pArAzarya 196ba.ejana 197. "sakala kavitA sneharazmi 235 198. "samagra kavitA umAzaMkara jozI 76 1 199. mA bhagavatI pUjAlAla dalavADI 200. "kAvyaketu' pUjAlAla dalavADI P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust 98 188 97 17

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126 102 214 53 175 58 164 arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 283 201. "vasudhA' suMdaram 202. "keTalAMka kAvyo' (saMdaramanA) nI saMpAdaka : niraMjana bhagata 203. "madhyAhana karasanadAsa mANeka 204. "amRtA" devajI moDhA 205. "uttarAyana' dezaLajI paramAra 206. "sAnnidhya" hasita bUca 207. "padyaparAga' kezava ha. zeTha 208. "gAMdhIviraha' * maNizaMkara harizaMkara dave 209. ejana 210. "kharatA tArAne praphlAda pAThaka 211. dharitrI' premazaMkara bhaTTa 212. "guru goviMdasiMha goviMda ha. paTela 213. "zeSanAM kAvyo' rA. vi. pAThaka 214. "yAtrApathano AlApa" ratubhAI desAI 215. "madhyAhunA karasanadAsa mANeka 216. "pratipadA kavi goviMda svAmI 25 136 18 19 132 211 127 73 P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

Page #285
arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 284 6-anugAMdhIyugamAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa anugAMdhIyuga - paribaLo "svAtaMtrya prApti pahelAnAM daza varSa daramyAna deza ane duniyAnA takhtA para jhaDapathI parivartano thaI rahyAM hatAM. bIjuM vizvayuddha, beMtALIsamI lokakrAnti, baMgALano duSkALa, komI ramakhANo vagere pracaMDa pratyAghAto jagADatI ghaTanAo banI hatI. AzcaryanI vAta e che ke A navIna peDhInI kavitA e ghaTanAothI prerAIne pragaTI hatI ema kahI zakAze nahIM." 1 , - uzanas, praphlAda pArekhe "trIsanI laDatamAM bhAga lIdho hato. paNa kavitAmAM svAtaMtrya ane tene lagatA rASTrIya ke sAmUhika jIvananA praznone badale hRdayanAM sUkSma saMvedanone AlekhavAnuM tAkyuM hatuM. bAhya ghaTanAonA vividha viSayonuM AlaMbana levAne badale pAMcamA dAyakAnA kavio "AMtaradarzana'mAM rAce che." 2 prakRti, praNaya ane prabhuciMtananAM vividha saMvedano A kavitAno moTo bhAga roke - che. AgalA dAyakAnA kaviomAM rASTrIya AMdolanano je paDagho paDato ane pIDitonA uddhAra mATeno je abhigraha hato teno paNa A kaviomAM ghaNe aMze abhAva jaNAze. tene sthAne sauMdaryano abhiniveza ahIM dhyAna kheMce che. "cALIsa pahelAMno kavi samAjAbhimukha vizeSa hato." A navIna kavi saudaryAbhimukha vizeSa che." harizcaMdra bhaTTanI pachI praphlAda pArekha (1912-1962)nI kavitAmAM AtmalakSI aMtarmukhatAnuM valaNa dhyAna kheMce che. kavitA "akAraNa azrunI jema A saMvedanazIla kavinA aMtaramAMthI Tapake che." 4 "amUrta ane vAyavya svarUpanA bhAvane mUrtarUpa ApavAmAM pralAde vANInA laya ane dhvani pAsethI uttama kAma lIdhuM che. hRdayanI nAjuka lUAgaNIo zabdabaddha karatI vakhate mauna ane mukharatA baMneno mahimA e mANe che." 5 "prahUlAdanI kavitAmAM je saudaryAbhiniveza pragaTyo teno savizeSa AvirbhAva rAjendra zAhanI kavitAmAM jovA maLe che." "rAjendranI kavitAmAM gAMdhIyuganI ja nahIM cheka nhAnAlAla ane baLavaMtarAyanI kavitAnuM sAtatya najare paDe che." che "rAjendra zAha rahasyamaya (mystic) AtmasaMvedanAnA kavi che... potAmAM khovAI gayela parama tattvane zodhatA A kavi kavitAmAM potAne ane ene ekarUpa thaI jato jue che. enI jhaMkhanA ane enA milanano AnaMda teo ekasarakhI prasannatAthI gAya che." "rAjendra karatAM tera varSe nAnA niraMjana bhagatanI kAvyasarjana pravRtti pAMcamA ane chaThThA dAyakA daramyAna rAjendranI lagabhaga samAntara cAlI hatI. rAjendranI mAphaka niraMjanamAM paNa paraMparAnuM sAtatya jovA maLe che." 9 "kAnta ane nhAnAlAlanA saMskAra darzAvatAM gIto ane ThAkorazAI pravAhI padya dharAvatAM chaMdobaddha kAvyo niraMjananI prathama tabakkAnI kavitAno moTo bhAga roke che. rUDha prakAro ne paraMparAgata zailImAM temanI AraMbhanI romenTika kavitA pragaTe che. pachI uttarottara P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 285 nizcaMnti (disilusionment) ane riktatA-ekalatAnAM saMvedano vadhatAM binaMgata nirUpaNarIti dhyAna kheMce che. je "pravAladvIpa'nI racanAomAM zreSTha kalArUpa pAme che. bIjA tabakkAnI kavitAmAM eka rIte AdhunikatAno AviSkAra jovA maLe che. tema chatAM badhAMja kAvyomAM chaMda ane laya para kavinuM dhyAna ekAgra thayeluM dekhAze. e daSTie "chaMdolaya'nAM amuka kAvyo paraMparA ane AdhunikatAnI vacce setu racI ApatAM jaNAze." 10 "niraMjane potAnI sarjanapravRttinA doDha dAyakAne be vibhAgamAM vaheMcIne, pahelAM pAMca varSanI kavitAne "romenTika' ane pachInA dasa varSanI kavitAne "Adhunika' tarIke oLakhAvI che." 11 - "niraMjananI kavitAnuM uttama svarUpa "pravAladvIpa' muMbaInA nagarajIvananI palaTAyelI tAsIranAM citromAM jovA maLe che." ra yaMtravaijJAnika saMskRtimAM jIvatA manuSyanI yAMtrika jIvanarIti ane temAMthI nIpajatI kRtakatA, arthahInatA ane kALagrastatAno karuNa dora Ama ahIM kavitArUpe mUrta thAya che." 3 "to lagabhaga traNa dAyakA sudhI cAlelI priyakAMtanI kAvyasarjanapravRtti Adhunika ja nahi, paNa pachIthI AdhunikatAvAdI (modernist) valaNo paNa dhAraNa kare che." (janma 24-1-1927) "priyakAMte gIto ane chaMdobaddha racanAo dvArA "prahUlAda-rAjendra-niraMjane bAMdhelI saudaryAnurAgI layalubdha kavitAnI paraMparAne puSTa karI che. tema chatAM kavinI nijI mudrA prathama kAvyasaMgrahathI ja pragaTa thAya che." 15 priyakAntanI khUbI kazAka amUrta evA rahasyane mUrtatA ApavAmAM rahelI che." " vyomalipi' ane "lIlero DhALa' priyakAntanA maraNottara kAvyasaMgraho che. thoDI chaMdobaddha racanAone bAda karatAM "vyomalipimAM badhAM gadyakAvyo che. vicchinnatA, visaMvAda, vidroha, viyoga ane mRtyaviSayaka vedano mukhyatve temAM zabdabaddha thayelAM che." * "vIsamI sadInA chaThThA dAyakAnI madhyamAM gujarAtI kavitA aitihAsika vaLAMka letI dekhAya che. A navIna valaNonuM pratibiMba "kumAra" ane "saMskRti' mAsikomAM bhinna bhinna rIte paDeluM hatuM." 17 "hasamukha pAThaka janma (1930)no prathama kAvyasaMgraha "namelI sAMja' navIna kavitvarItinAM suMdara nidazano pUrAM pADe che." 18 koIne kaMI pUchavuM che ?'mAM zreSTha pratIka yojanA dekhAya che. naMbara lagADelo pADo, cikkAra basa ane krosa para je thAya che te thaI gayuM" e uddagAro vedhaka rIte niSphara samAjanA krosa para devAtuM vyaktinuM balidAna sUcave che. kavinI saMvedanA binaMgata Dhabe kAvyamAM kalAtmaka rUpe Thare che e tenI vizeSatA." 19 nalina rAvaLa janma (1933) be saMgraho Ape che. "udgAra' (1962) ane avakAza' (1972).... niraMjana ane priyakAntanI peThe temanI kavitAmAM paNa sauMdaryAnurAga ane yugacetanAne jhIlavAno pragalma prayAsa jovA maLe che." 20 nalinanI kavitAmAM kyAMka kyAMka samakAlInonI chAyA jovA maLe che. AdhunikatAno P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 286 abhiniveza darzAve tevI prayogakhorI paNa temanAmAM che. tema chatAM bhAvanI sukumAratA, bAnInI najAkata ane kalpanonI sUkSmatAne kAraNe sabhAna rIte pravartelo temano sarjanavyApAra svAtaMtryottara kavitAnA saundaryAbhimukha sopAnanuM eka noMdhapAtra ghaTaka banI rahe che. sAtamA dAyakAnA AraMbhamAM sureza ha. joSI dvArA AdhunikatAvAdI Andolana pragaTyuM te pahelAMnA eka dAyakA daramyAna keTalAka evA sarjakonI pravRtti dhyAna kheMcI rahI, je saudaryarAgI paraMparAne puSTa karavA sAthe nijI viziSTatAo pragaTa karatA rahyA che. chaThThA dAyakA daramyAna gIta, gajhala ane chaMdobaddha racanAonI sera vahetI rahe che." bAlamukuMda davee (1916) gAMdhIyuga daramyAna (1945) kAvyalekhanano prAraMbha karelo. gAMdhIyuganA kavionI samAjAbhimukhatA keLavavAne badale mahadaMze temaNe ziSTa sauMdarya prIti darzAvatAM AtmalakSI saMvedano pragaTa karyA che." 22 uzanas ane jayaMta pAThaka kavi belaDInuM kavana trIsI UtaratAM zarU thayeluM paraMtu temanA prathama kAvyasaMgraha 1954-5panA arasAmAM pragaTa thayA te kAraNe hoya tema rAjendra niraMjananI samAMtara cAlatI temanI sarjanapravRttie vivecakonuM kaMIka moDuM dhyAna kheMceluM." 23 "uzanasa nI (28/9/1920) kavitAnuM pradhAna lakSaNa kalpanAno vaibhava che. vAstavamAMthI agocara bhAvapradeza sudhI pahoMcatAM temanI dRSTimAM aneka avanavAM kalpano ughaDIne bhASAmAM goThavAtAM jAya che." & "uzanase nirUpela kuTuMbajIvananAM bhAvacitro ziSTa, saraLa ne pAradarzaka bAnImAM maDhAIne anupama soneTa kRti pAmyAM che." 25 uzanasanAM kAvyomAM adhyAtmarasa paNa jovA maLaze. temAM koI cokkasa saMpradAyanuM darzana nathI. paraMtu kavisahaja sUjhathI prApta thayelI jIvana vizenI zraddhApUta samaja che." 21 jayaMta pAThakanI kavitAmAM vismayamizrita viSAda abhivyakta thAya che. temanI kavitAmAM samayanAM Avartano avAranavAra Ave che. je temane "Adhunika kavi' gaNAvI zake. "sabaLa kalpano, gadyalayano viniyoga ane kalAkasaba ajamAvavA paratve jayaMta pAThakamAM Adhunika valaNa jovA maLe che. tema chatAM ziSTasarala bAnI, tathA chaMdolaya ane jIvanadaSTi paratve teo AdhunikothI taddana juduM tarI Ave evuM nijI sattva darzAve che. te dRSTie pAThakanI kavitA jUnA-navA pravAhanA saMgama para UbhI che ema kahI zakAya." 27 harIndra dave ane surezadalAlanA prathama kAvyasaMgraho chaThTho dAyako UtaryA pachI pragaTa thayelA che ane temanI pahelAM nahIM, to temanI sAtheja, AdhunikatAvAdI (modernistic). kavitAnuM vaheNa zarU thaI cUkayuM hatuM." Ama chatAM A be kavionI mULa prakRti sauMdaryadarzI AstikonI ja rahelI che. manuSyaprema, satazraddhA, vismaya ne virahadardathI raMgAyelo romenTika mijAja temane aMtarAlanA (chaThThA dAyakA) bIjA kavionI paMgatamAM besADe che." 28 prema ane mRtyu jevA bhAvanI saghana anubhUti, satya ane saudaryane yugapata pAmavAnI jhaMkhanA, bhASA ne chaMdanI mIThI layalaDhaNa ane gIta gajhalanA vividha padyamaroDanI jANakArI A kaviyugmane samakAlInomAM AgavuM sthAna apAve che." 29 samayanI saMprajJatA ghaNIvAra vedanAne janmAve che. Adhunika kavitAmAM e saMprajJatAnI P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 287 tIvra anubhUti jovA maLe che. harIndranI gajhalo ane achAMdasa racanAomAM A saMprajJatA ane tajjanya vedanA pratIta thAya che." 30 "sureza dalAla (11/10/1932)nA sarjanamAM AMtarika anubhUti ane bAhya paribaLo baMne temane preraNArUpa banela che. AthI jema aMgata saMvedano tema AsapAsanI duniyA paNa temanI kavitAmAM Utare che." 31 sureza vAraMvAra maunano mahimA kAvyamAM varNavyo che. koyalanI chAtImAM zabdanA mALA'ne emaNe joyo che. zabdanI pAchaLa rahela "hoTha' ane "hoThanI pAchaLanI "cIsa'nI temane jANa che. tema chatAM temanI samAbhimukhatA ghaNIvAra kavitAmAM vANIno phuvAro UDADe che. Adhunika mAnavInI vedanA ane yaMtrasaMskRtinA ThATha temanI kavitAmAM nibaMdhapaNe mukharita thAya che." "A arasAnA bIjA noMdhapAtra kaviomAM prathama ullekhapAtra pinAkina ThAkora (1916) che. adhyAtma ne sauMdaryanI gUDha anubhUti darzAvatAM layamadhura gIto e temanI vizeSatA che." 32 - "hemaMta desAIe praNaya ane prakRtinI kavitA lakhI che. temAM suMdaram, umAzaMkara, prahalAda, rAjendra Adino prabhAva varatAya che." 33 makaraMdanI kavitAmAM zabdanA UMDANa ne maunano marma dazArvatI abhivyakti che.... temanI kavitA geravA raMganAM kalpano UDADatI AgaLa vadhe che. e pratIko jUnI paraMparAnAM che.... sugeya DhALa, camatkAraka laya ane taLapadA rUpako dvArA jIvananA marma kholatI A kavitA Adhunika sAthe jUnA pravAhanuM arthapUrNa sAtatya sAdhI Ape che." 34 anugAMdhIyugamAM mRtyu karuNarUpe anugAMdhIyugamAM svakIya vittathI samakAlInothI judA paDatA kavi harizcaMdra bhaTTe cheka 1925mAM kavitA lakhavAnuM zarU kareluM. paraMtu eno tejasvI jhabakAra cAlIsa pachI jovA maLe che. umAzaMkare emano maraNottara kAvyasaMgraha "svapnaprayANa" saMpAdita karI pragaTa karyo. nirdoSa ne nirmaLa AMkha tArI' kavinI bahenanA akALe thayelA avasAnanA AdhAtanuM kAvya che. ahIM zabda zabda karuNa Tapake che. jIvanacuMdaDI haju e pahere na pahere tyAM eNe eno zRMgAra citAmAM pUro karyo, kavi kALa temaja niyati sAme Akroza vyakta kare che, ne pachI mAnavanI pAmaratAno ya svIkAra kare che. "rAInara mAriyA rilkane' che to aMjalikAvya. paNa karuNarasathI nItaratuM kAvya che A, jarmana bhASAnA A prasiddha kavi (1875-1926)nA mRtyu mATe gulAbano kAMTo nimitta bane che. puSpapremI kavi mATe puSpano kAMTo ja mRtyunuM nimitta bane che. vasaMta'mAM akALe avasAna pAmelAM svajanonI tIvra smRti zabdabaddha banI che. kavinA banevI pazupati na. bhaTTanuM mRtyu phAgaNavada pAMcame thayuM hatuM. kavinA bahenanuM vasaMtapaMcamIe, ne pitAjInuM phAgaNa suda AThame thayeluM. tethI ziziranA zItane kavi harizcaMdra "mRtyu' sAthe sarakhAve che. parazurAma samA banevIne aMjali arpatAM kavi sadgatanI vidvattAne biradAve che. "holikA parvaNI pahelAM . amArAM Rta osaryA P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 288 brahmaputra amAro e yAtrI uttarano thayo" 1 rUpAnA trIsa sikkAo mATe isuno droha karanAra, ne pachI kamote maranAra mitradrohInI vyathA "juDAsa'mAM vyakta thaI che. bAlamukuMda dave (1916) muktine badale bhavobhavanI parakammAmAM AnaMda mAne che.... kalpananI mUrtatA ne laya maMjula padAvaline kAraNe temaNe nhAnAlAla ne gAMdhIjIne uddezIne lakhelAM aMjaligIto paNa UMcuM kAvyatva siddha karI zakyAM che. harino haMsalo' gAMdhI mRtyu vize lakhAyelAM kAvyomAM uttama Thare tevuM che." 2 premano vijayamAM aMtima milananI kSaNo mArmika rIte AlekhAI che. pahelAM maLatAM ne chUTAM paDatAM tyAre "maLyAM chellAM Aje, ava nava kadI" evuM AsAnIthI bolI zakAtuM. have kharekhara e sthiti sarajAI tyAre vAcA ja haNAI gaI. vikhUTA paDavaMja azakya banI gayuM. parANe khALelAM ja chalakatAM nA chalakatAM thavA chUTAM bhAre Daga UpaDatAM na UpaDatAM ? "bAlamukuMdane mRtyuno anubhava che. patnInA ne be putranA mRtyuno anubhava. A anubhavamAMthI emaNe je bharI bharI vedanAnAM kAvyo karyA che, e kAvyo jo mRtyu vAMce to potAnI bhUla mATe kAyama zaramiMdu banIne pazcAttApa karyA vinA rahe nahIM. emAM vedanA che, paNa vedanAveDA nathI." * dAMpatyamAMgalyanI sAthe sAthe bAlamukuMdanI kavitAmAM "bALaka" paNa mahattvano viSaya banI rahe che. dAMpatyanI parama siddhirUpa saMtAnanuM mRtyu kevI marmavidAraka vyathA janmAve te saMvedanA "jUnuM ghara khAlI karatAM'mAM asarakAraka rIte vyakta thaI che. prathama khaMDamAM khAlI gharamAM rahelI jhINI jhINI vastuonI yAdI, ne bIjAmAM mRtyu pAmelA jigaranA TukaDAnuMputranuM hRdayabhedI smaraNa soMsaravo prazna kare che. "bA bApu nA kazuMya bhUliyAM eka bhUlyAM mane ke" ? saraLa, sahaja urasaMvedanA ahIM karuNane ghero banAve che. jyAM devo ' parama vara zo putra pAmyAM panoto ne jayAMthI re kaThaNa hRdaye agnine eka soMpyo. kelethI je nIkaLI sahasA UThato bolI jANe "bA-bApu nA kazuMya bhUliyAM eka bhUlyAM mane ke ?" 5 bAlamukuMdanI kavitAmAM svAnubhavanI saccAIno raNako jovA maLe che. "tuM jatAM sadgata patnIne uddezI lakhAyeluM karuNagarbha kAvya che. AtmIyajananuM mRtyu jiMdagIne svapnonuM smazAna banAvI de che. "dina sau bhaDakA cha AganA - rajanI sau DhagalA cha khAkhanA vidhinA vasamA cha vAyarA 2i : AzA avasAna jiMdagI" : priyajananA smaraNa sAthe satata jiMdagInA mukAma bhaNI kUca karavAnI rahe che. "dAdImAno P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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* arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 289 oraDomAM dAdImAne bAlamukuMde aMjali ApI che. dAdImAnA bhUtakALane kavi yAda kare che. traNa peDhInAM pAraNAM ahIM ja A gharamAM dAdImAe jhUlAvyAM hatAM. "kadI maraNa bA akala phUlaDAM cUMTIye liye sahyA kaThaNa ghA tame karuNa mUrti bhAre hiye" 0 dAdImAno aneka sukhadu:khanAM smaraNanA paTArA samo oraDo have sUno banI gayo che. nayana dAdImAne ja khoLe che. sakala vRddhamAM dAdImAnuM darzana teo kare che. - sva. praphlAda pArekhanI kavitA "akAraNa azrunI jema emanA saMvedanazIla aMtaramAMthI Tapake che. bhakti ane prabhupremane mRtyu parAjita karI zakatuM nathI. enI karuNa kathA "chellI pUjA'mAM kavie vaNI che. "buddhano sUpa je pujaze ene motanI sajA maLaze. A dhoSaNAnI cArebAju zokagherI chAyA vAtAvaraNamAM prasarelI hovA chatAM AratI samaye AratInI sAmagrI laI koka suMdarI tyAM pahoMce che. kadAca e chellI navazikha AratI hatI ne AkharI e paLa jiMdagI taNI" "suMdarInA namelA gaLA para talavAra vIMjhAtAM, prANa ja puSpamALA thaIne jANe AropAya che. kAyAnI ja bhavya AratI banI jAya che. bhakti ane pUjA pAse "mRtyuvAmaNuM banI jAya che. vedanAnI anubhUti rAjendra zAhane kyAreya nAstika banAvatI nathI. zraddhAne kAraNe vedanA svIkArI aMte temAMthI teo maMgala darzana pAme che. rAjendranI kavitAmAM mahadaMze maMgaladarzana ja hovAthI mRtyu emanI kavitAmAM karuNarUpe bhAgyeja Ave che. mAtra "dIpaka re holavAyo'mAM svajanamRtyune kAraNe chavAyelA aMdhakAranI kavi vAta kare che. nayanajayotasamI priya vyakti cAlI jatAM kAvyanAyaka paNa mRtyujhaMkhanA kare che. - uzanasanuM kavana trIsI UtaratAM zarU thayeluM. emanI kavitAnuM pradhAna lakSaNa kalpanAno vaibhava che. uzanasanI kavitAmAM viSNuprasAda trivedIne "lokakSayarUpakALa' paNa prabhurUpe dekhAyo che. chellI praNayinI ne'mAM uzanase viziSTa rIte mRtyunA saMdarbhane gUMthyo che. A kAvya eka smaraNakathA che. kAvyanAyakanA mUrtimAna hRdayasamo jIrNazIrNa thaI gayelo kAvyasaMgraha emanA marI gayA pachI praNayinIne maLe to enI upekSA na karavA vinaMti karAI che. "phUlakhavuM'mAM velanA mAMDavethI phUla kharyAnI vedanAno anubhava vyakta thayo che. - dIkarInuM avasAna thatAM "manomudrA' kAvyasaMgraha ci. alpanAne arpaNa thayo che. svajanamRtyue thatA khedanI lAgaNI TALI zakAtI nathI. AkRti jatAM rUpagaMdhanuM sauSThava paNa naSTa thAya che. ne tyAre svajana haiye UMDo cirADo paDe che. ne tethI ja to kavi AMsunuM UMnuM aMjaliphUla pelA kharelA phUlanI samAdhi para mUke che. pU. bApA jatAMmAM pitAnA mRtyu nimitte zraddhAMjali arpatAM ATha saoNneTanI eka saLaMgasUtra mAlA kavie ApI che. svajanamRtyu saMdarbhe thayelI akathya AghAtanI anubhUti, svAnubhavanI saccAIne lIdhe vadhu saghana ne hRdayasparzI banI che. jemAM pitAnI hayAtI vakhatanAM saMsmaraNo paNa gUMthAyAM che. "rAkha ane skUlamAM pitAnA avasAnano zodha vyakta karatAM kavi kahe che. 1 . . "ame jene skaMdhe caDhI , uchariyA vela sarakhA P.P.Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 290 amArI khAMdhe te taruvara svayaM re caDhI gayA" 9 e jIrNa zarIra paNa vahAluM hatuM. kAraNa e vatsalamUrti pitAnuM zarIra hatuM. gerusamAna bhagavuM mana dharAvatA vedAntI pitAnI chabI bane toya'mAM pragaTa thaI che. vedAntI pitAnA mRtyuno zoka karavAnuM mithyA hovA chatAM putranI AMkha to bhInI thaI ja jAya che. ne tethI teo vedAntI pitAnI kSamA mAge che. pitAnA mRtyubAda ghera-vatanamAM patra lakhatAM kaMIka judo ja vasamo anubhava kavi kare che. "priya pitAjInuM saMbodhana karyA pachI ekAeka pitAnA mRtyunI yAda tAjI thatAM dago TapakavA mAMDe che. "saMbodhana' sthaLano zUnyAvakAza hRdayane dajhADe che. to "patrarasamAM dUrasudUranI jiMdagImAM emanA patrone kavi yAda karyA vinA rahI zaktA nathI. patro ja to hatA pitAnA jIvanane TakAvanAra avalaMbana. "huM jANuMmAM maraNanI philasUphI suMdara rIte kavie mUkI ApI che. to sAthe vAstavaneya vAcA ApI che. svajanamRtyunA AghAtAnubhavamAM, e azru ane vedanAmAM badhIja philasUphI ogaLI jAya che. mAnave mRtyuthI TevAvuM ja rahyuM, e jANavA chatAM ahIM sthiti kaMIka judI ja che. kavi kahe che. "paraMtu pRthvIne maraNa hajI koThe nathI paDyuM" 10 ('tRNano graha pR. 92) koI anyanuM mRtyu e navI vAta nathI. dhorI raste thaIne jIvananI khAMdhe caDIne jatA mRtyune to kavieya joyuM che. paNa zirachatrasamAM svajananuM mRtyu viSama che. cha koThe jItanArI jIvanamaraNanI e philasUphI ahIM sAtame koThe hArI jAya che. ne tattvajJAnanuM zuSka TUMpaNuM nirarthaka banI jAya che. ne tethI ja to kavi potAnAM nayanone ekAMtamAM nirAMte TapakavA kahe "spaMda ane chaMda' saMgrahamAM uzanas mAtAnA mRtyunimitte agiyAra soneTsa zraddhAMjalirUpe Ape che. "vaLAvI bA AvyA'mAM bAne smazAne vaLAvI AvyAnuM karuNa madhura aMdana kavie zabdabaddha che. jemAM potAnI jananI mATe kavi "phUla sarakhI phorI' vizeSaNa vApare che. smazAnethI pAchAM pharatAM pharI ekavAra teo chellIvAra citAne joI le che. ghera AvyA pachI AMtarthakSathI citAnI jvALAone pharI kavi nihALe che. have e vALAo manahRdayanA ekAMta vagaDe kajaLe che. mAnA kajaLatA dehamAMthI UDatI vibhUtibhabhUta AkAze pahoMcI jANe svargastha pitAnA kapALe bIja zI aMkAI jAya che. ne pitAnI saubhAgyarekhA banI jAya che. narmadAmAM phUla padharAvatAMmAM jananI-mRtyue thayelA AghAtanI tIlI soya zI cIsane zamI javAno anurodha karI jananIne mokSa maLe evI vAMchanA vyakta karatAM uSNa nayanalanI zraddhAMjali Ape che. "jananI maine badhuMja gayAno anubhava paNa kyAreka thato. je "naSTo moha'mAM vyakta thayo che. - 1976mAM pragaTa thayelA "rUpanA laya" saMgrahamAM vatana-prItinAM kAvyomAM bAnI karuNa mRti aMkti thaI che. divALInI rajAo paDatAM vatana ane bA baMne yAda Ave che. bA e uzanasune mana vatanano paryAya' hatAM. have vatanamAM koNa bolAve? bAnA caherAnA pratibiMbane jhIlatuM vatana have jANe sAda daI bolAvatuM nathI. ('vatananI be divALItaMdrAo P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 291 taMdrA-1) chatAM vatananI dizAmAM UpaDatI gADIne jatAM kavi smaraNapradeze pahoMcI jAya che "alyo sau AvyA ke" ? ' mAnA zabdono bhAsa thAya che. "taMdrA-2'mAM chokarAMone dUrathI sAda karI vALa mATe bolAvatI mA yAda AvI gaI che, cUle vaLIne dIvATANe badhA beThA hoya, tyAre korela garabAnI vacce zobhatI dIvI jevI mA kuTuMba vacce zobhatI. smaraNane meLe pahoMcI gayeluM kavinuM mana tathA haiyuM mRta jananIne ragerage anubhave che. "jUnA caherA jAge" ("vIthikA)mAM smazAnamAMthI jAgI UThatI rajaSe sadgatanAM smaraNo UkhaLe che. koIka gamagIna smaraNa karuNarUpe tAkI rahe che. to koIka vaLI ADA pharI jaI potAnI vyathA chupAvatAM nayanajalane saMtADe che. "AMkhamAM haze AMsu" ("rUpanA laya)mAM svamRtyukalpanA karato kAvyanAyaka patnInI ujjaDa AMkhe comAsuM nItaraze, tyAre pote to haze nahi, evo vicAra kare che. enI gamagInIne enI bALakI paNa joIne Azcarya pAmaze. pati vinAnuM jIvana patnIne nirarthaka lAge che. jayaMta pAThaka paNa "vatanathI vidAya thatAM'mAM saddagata mAnAM smaraNone vAcA Ape che. ('anunaya') jIva ne to AgaLa ja javAnuM, hada pUrI thaye zvAna paNa pAchAM pharaze, zizutva yAda AvI jAya che. "kyAM che ?mAM paNa vatananI sImane zodhato kavi mRta mAne yAda karI . le che. "aMdhArAnI kALI gAyane dohatI mA have nathI jaDatI' eka vAranuM ghara' kAvya paNa Ama to vatananI yAdanuM. kavi uzanasanI jema jayaMta pAThaka mATe paNa vatana ane bA ekamekanA paryAya che. sadgata svajanonAM UkhaLatAM smaraNomAM sarakI gayelA samayanoya nirdeza che. "pitAjInI zrAddhatithiemAM kavine sAMbharelA zaizavano karaNasaMdarbha (mRgayA') vaNAyo che. daseka varSanA bALakanI AchI AchI smRti saLavaLe che. pitAne "parasALamAM joyelA, chelavelA bhoye lIdhelA' rAmanAma bolAya che. dIvo holAya che. AMkho dadaDe che. basa ATalI smRtinuM Aje zrAddha. "manAmaNuMmAM ("mRgayA') sadgata patinI smRtie jhUratI patnInI manovyathA pragaTa thaI che. janAre to mamatA melI dIdhI ne cAlI nIkaLyA. have manAmaNAM zI rIte karAya? paNa ahIM rahenAra virale jhUre che. ne sukkI DALe vaLagelA pAnanI jema kharyA kare che. DAbI AMkha pharake, mobhe kAgaDo bole ne chatAM priyatama na Ave. premanI varSARtumAM to e khAsa kAlAvAlA kare che. mRtyujanya virahane lIdhe janmelo vipralaMbhazRMgAra aMte karuNane ja vyakta kare che. ke IzvaracaMdra bhaTTa "vikala jananI' kAvyamAM pitA svarge sidhAvatAM, ne bhAIo dhaMdhArthe aLagA thaI jatAM ekAkI banelAM mAnI virahavyathA vyakta kare che. vikala jananInuM saMdhyA samayanuM mauna kavi cittane halAvI nAkhe che. ('parNarava') "phUlakhavuM'mAM bALakanA mRtyuno pratIkAtmaka rIte nirdeza thayo che. "madhuryAdamAM kavi IzvaracaMdra bhaTTe temanAM dharmapatnI saudAmInA maraNa bAda emanA vize lakhAyelAM cAlIsa saoNneTa graMthastha ryA che. makaraMda davene "madhusaMda'mAM parNaravanI lIlI rAtrImAM prANanI laherI, AnaMdanAM madhuphaLa jhulAvatI, navAM navAM nakSatro UghADatI dekhAI che. patnI elI mahApravAse cAlI gaI. eno kavine raMja che. je paMcabhUte gaI ogaLI tuM te paMcabhUte ramamANa huM chuM" rAjA P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 292 teo vicAre che ke, potAnA javAthI A vidhurane zuM ane kevuM sahevuM paDaze, eno vicAra na Avyo ?' - priyakAMta maNiyAra khIlA' kAvyamAM ('pratIka') makAno bAMdhavA taiyAra karelA khIlA ne joI IsunA vadhanuM sAdhana khIlA banyA hatA e yAde vyathita thayelA. "kaucano vadha" karanAra zikArIne pelA premamagna krauca yugalamAMnA ekane vadhatA bAkI rahelAnI ArtacIsa vAraMvAra saMbhaLAyA kare che. "jalAzayamAM svajanamRtyuno saMdarbha gUMthAyo che. jaLAzaya Ave eTale vaLAvavA janAre pAchA vaLI javAnuM hoya che. nanAmI AgaLa cAle che ne priya svajananI AMkha chalakI UThe che. sAthe to jaI zakAtuM nathI. AMsu vahAvyA sivAya karI paNa zuM zakAya? mRtyu pAmatA puSpane, bALane mRtyu pAsethI pAchuM meLavavAnI jhaMkhanA "phUla" kAvyamAM vyakta thaI che. paNa vilayanI paLa to AvI pahoMce che. "mRtyapaLa" "vilaMba zabdane oLakhatI nathI. kaI mA potAnA ja hAthamAM, potAnA bALakane mRtyu pAmatuM joI zake ? to "AjhaMdamAM eka paMkhIbALanA avasAnanI mulAyama rIte kavie vAta karI che. pavanano bhayAnaka sUsavATo AvatAM paMkhI DhaLI paDe che. mAthI vikhUTuM paDI jAya che ne ociMtI himazilA tUTI paDe che. , "anaMta zveta bhAra taLe eka cagadAyo mRdu laghu AkAra" 13 ne vyAkula mA tIvra AnaMda karI UThe che. mArI | gItAbahena parIkha Ama to mRtyune maMgala mAne che. paNa aMgata svajananuM mRtyu to bhalabhalAne vyathita karI detuM hoya che. "bA tuM gaI ne" tathA "mRtyudaMgala'nuM kAvyapaMcaka gItAbahenanAM mA tathA pitAnA avasAne prerelI racanAo che. "mRtyumaMgala karuNaprazasti jevo ghATa laIne Ave che. svajanamRtyunA AghAte bhaDake baLatuM bhItara suMdara gIto zuM gAI zake ? "bhItara' kAvyamAM bhaDake baLatA bhItarano valopAta che. svajanamRtyue macAvelA khaLabhaLATane koI ekAda bola zAMta karI zake tema nathI. mRtyuno koI vikalpa nathI. gItAbahene mAnA mRtyu aMge be ane pitAnA mRtyu nimitte pAMca maMgalamRtyu' kAvyo lakhelA che. "vaja jevA dekhAtA pitAjInuM ura paNa bA jatAM dhrUjI UThe che. ("bA tuM gaI ne) ne azrudhAre vahe che. 17/4/71nA roja thayela pitAnA mRtyu para kavayitrI "mRtyumaMgala' nAmanuM kAvyapaMcaka race che. have mRtyune maMgalarUpe svIkAryuM hovA chatAM kyAreka pAchuM haiyuM dravI UThe che. gayA. basa.... gayA'? mAM lAgaNIno sAmAnya udraka jovA maLe che. chatra jatAM chata pAMkhI thaI jAya che. ne jIvavuM dohyaluM bane che. pitAe lIdhelI aMtima vidAyanI vedanAnI osaratI tIkSNatAno nirdeza "have to lahuM"mAM thayo che. pitAno e prasanna cahero have kadI nirakhavA nahi maLe evo vicAra kSaNabhara thatharAvI de che. - sureza dalAlane kavitA dvArA pragaTa thatA, bhAra vinAnA tattvajJAnamAM rasa che. sureza dalAle mRtyune potAnI kalamanI najAkatathI puSpa zuM komaLa banAvIne ApaNI samakSa mUkI ApyuM che. maraNanA vicArane teo jIvanano ja aMza gaNe che. jo ke maraNanA vicAranuM emane vaLagaNa nathI. sureza dalAlanI kavitAnA saMdarbhamAM anila jozI lakhe che. "koI P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 293 zAstrajJa mRtyunI janmakuMDaLI nathI mAMDI zakato. paNa A sRSTimAM kavi ekaja evo jJAtA che ke e mRtyunI janmakuMDaLI mAMDI zake che." w ja pitAne aMjali ApatuM kAvya "pUrNabramaNa' ('tArIkhanuM ghara') anubhUtinI saccAIne kAraNe vadhu hRdayasparzI banyuM che. DUmo bharAyelA cittamAMja thIjIne TharI gayelAM adazya AMsu vaDe teo pitAnuM zrAddha kare che. priyajananA avasAna pachI mAtra eNe lakhelA premapatro marelAnA sAnnidhyano kaMIka anubhava karAvI zake. smRtinI rajhaLatI kabarasamAM ekaeka parabIDiyAmAMthI TapakatI vedanAne "thoDAMka sapanAM aDhaLaka bhramaNAmAM kavie vAcA ApI che. kavino atipriya dosta jagadIza avasAna pAme che, tyAre emanuM haiyuM hacamacI UThe che. ne "priya dosta jagadIzane, mANasa bhUkhyA mANasane' kAvyanuM sarjana thaI jAya che. bIjamAMthI phUTelI e DALane akALe kApI nAkhanAra mRtyu pratye kavine roSa caDe che. lAgaNInI lIlIchama vADIne e mRtyu ekaja jhATake veDI nAkhaze enI koIneya khabara na hatI. ne pachI khobAmAM rahe che, mAtra nahi sArelAM AMsu, ne hoTha para nahIM pADelI cIsa. "mahAprasthAna' kAvyamAM paNa Ama to cAlyA vinA cAlI gayelA mitrane citAmAM poDhADI dIdhAnI paLa vakhatanA sTeja halI gayelAM AMsuno nirdeza che. kAnamAM mRta mitranA avAjanA AMdolana ubharAya che. jIvaMta vyaktino avAja juko lAge eTalo badho pelA maraNa pAmelA svajanano avAja sAcukalo lAge che ne chatAM e mRtyu pAmyo che, e haLAhaLa satya che. tethI to marelA mANasano avAja sAMbhaLIne jIvatA rahevAnI kriyA kAkhaghoDI laIne himAlaya caDhavA jevI duSkara che. mANase saMvedanA gumAvI che, paNa Izvare nahi. "Izvara have veITIMgarUmamAM'mAM koInA akALe thatA avasAna samaye Izvara kevo udAsa thaI jAya che. e sarasa batAvyuM che. kAcA phaLanI jema jayAre koIka jIvana TapakI paDe che, tyAre Izvara udAsa thaI jAya che. ekaeka kUlamAM, janmatAM pahelAM mRtyu pAmelA potAnA bALakano cahero zodhatI ne potAnA udarastha bALakanI sugaMdha vidhAtA pAse pAchI mAgatI, mA nahi banelI eka strInI vedanA vyakta karatAM sureza dalAla lakhe che. "khAlI A kUkhamAM pharake che koNa oratAnI AMkhaDIo raDatI pAraNe avAvaru kUvA bharyA pUcho motane karuNa kevI jiMdagI" ? " udaramAMja mRtyu pAmelA bALakanI mAno valopAta jiMdagI karatAM motane vadhu sAruM gaNe che. sureza dalAlanA kAvyasaMgraha "visaMgatine harIndra dave saMbaMdhonI kavitA tarIke oLakhAve che. smaraNanA bahuvidha raMgomAM "gulamahorI raMgathI mAMDI mRtyu pAmatA manuSyanA nakha jevo smaraNano "rAkhoDI raMga" paNa kAvyanAyaka joI zake che. zaba para phUla mUkIe chIe e pahelAM hRdayamAM paththara mUkavo paDe che." ....mRta padArtha para puSpa jevI jIvata mahoratI cIja mukAya che. jIvaMta hRdaya para jaDa P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 0 294 padArtha-paththara mukAya che. je anubhava Ama to zabdAtIta che. sureza dalAlane mitra jagadIzanA ozIkA pAse beThelA mRtyuno cahero kaThora dekhAyo che. bhIDAyelA hoThamAM dostane UThAvI javAnA saMkalpanI sakhatAI bharIne AvelA mRtyu pAse saptapadInA pelA sAta pherA (dostanA ozIkA najIka) jIvananI bhIkha mAgatA, prArthanA karatA dekhAyA hatA. khabhA para nizALanuM daphatara laTakAvato kizora doNI laI smazAne zI rIte jaze? e prazna kavine satAve che. kavi kahe che. "mArA dostanA ozIkA pAse A lagnanA phoTAo mRtyu pAse hAtha joDIne UbhA rahyA che" paNa mRtyunA bhiDAyelA hoThamAM polAdI saMkalpanI sakhatAI che" 8 mRtyu pAmI rahelI vyaktinI zI sthiti hoya enI kAvyamaya karaNa madhura kalpanA sureza dalAle karI che. (pavananA azva') kavi kahe che "kyAre dhIme dhIme acAnaka indriyonA divA olavAI jaze enI khabara nathI. mANasa mRtyu pAme tyAre koIkano madhura avAja bAjumAMja hovA chatAM ene oLakhavA enA kAna nA pADaze. AMkha sAme priya vyaktino cahero haze, paNa AMkha oLakhavAnI ene nA pADaze. romAMcanA dIvA pragaTAvanAranA sparzane oLakhavAnI romeroma nA pADaze. mANasa ane IzvaranI ghaDiyALamAM sureza dalAlane koI meLa nathI dekhAto. lagnavidhi vakhate kanyAdAna devAI gayuM hoya e vakhate ja, mAhyarAmAMja kanyAnI mA gujarI jAya tyAre kavi Izvarane gALa dIdhA vinA rahI zakatA nathI. ne teo kahI UThe che "You may be God. but you have no time sense. 19 - ( kharyA paraNanI vArtA karavAnI kavine lijjata Ave che. tethI to "mA Avaze kAvyamAM kavi maraNanI vAto karavAnI icchA vyakta kare che. jIvatI vakhate to pAse nahi rahelAM svajanone kAvyanAyaka potAnA mRtyu samaye pAse rahI, potAnA mRtyune zaNagAravA vinave che. "mRtyu pAmI rahelA svajananI sAthe rahevAmAM majhA Avaze, kahI kavi karuNa nirvedane vyakta karI jAya che. "jIvanathI to AdhA aLagA paNa zabanI pAse jarAka amathuM rejo re * majA Avaze, gaMgAjaLano ghUMTa pAIne jarAka amaste kahejo re....majA Avaze tame pavananA azvone basa haMkAro re....majA Avaze" 20 jagadIza jozInA mRtyune dasako pUro thavA chatAM (9/8/1988) kavi enI hayAtIno anubhava kare che. samayanI chalanA haju kavine samajatI nathI. smaraNo vyathA pahoMcADe che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 295 kavi prazna kare che ke "mRtyu pAranA pradezamAM paNa zuM mRtyune be caherA hoya che? mitranA mRtyunI vAta pratIkAtmaka rIte kavi kare che. "dariyAmAM sUrya, DUbavAnI taiyArI kare che tyAre - eka vRkSa, vaLIvaLI enA para jhUke che. potAnI chAyAnI aMtima cAdara oDhADatuM maitrInA be kAMThA vacce mitra DUbI gayo" 1 nalina rAvale vidAya' kAvyamAM phUla kharavAnI prakriyA dvArA pratIkAtmaka rIte bALakanA mRtyunI vAta karI che. vasaMtanA vyAkula haiye sugaMdhabhInI Rju aMgulithI huM jAuM chuM' evA vidAyanA zabda lakhI, astitvanI sugaMdhI mahora mArI choDa parathI eka phUla kharI jAya che. vinoda adhvaryuM putrI nanditAnA avasAna nimitte "nanditA' saMgraha sadgata putrIne arpaNa kare che. "smRti' kAvya pratIkAtmaka rIte sadgata putrInI ja vAta kare che. sUryane saMtADI zake evI atala gherI rAtri mRtyunuM, ne AchI bicArI bIja saddagata bALakInuM pratIka banI rahe che. bALakIno vilaya thayA chatAM enI dIpti smRtirUpe sacavAyAnuM AzvAsana kavi meLave che. "tRSNA'mAM azakyanI AkAMkSA karatA tRSNAsabhara mAnavamananA khAlI valakhAMno nirdeza thayo che. mRta svajana to kyAMthI pAchuM AvavAnuM? ne chatAM enI smaraNa raja dazyarUpe pAmavA kAvyanAyaka mathe che. bhale mUThImAM e sparzAya nahi. varALanA bAcakA jevo e kaNa bhale dUrathIja sparzAya, pamAya, rUperI DhagalA jevI mulAyama e bALakIne pakaDavA kAvyanAyaka vyartha jhApaTa mAre che. ne aMte bhramaNA tUTI paDe che. kavi hemaMta desAI "ApadhAta" ("iMgita)mAM koIke acAnaka jiMdagInI bAjI saMkelI lIdhAnI vyathA rajU kare che. e jIvanapAne korI khAI eka bhamarAnI jema pelo jIva UDI gayAnI vedanA ahIM vyakta thaI che. "prasUtigRha jatAM, AvatAM' saoNneTa ("sonalamRga') tathA e pachInAM traNa soneTa niSphaLa tathA haNAyela vAtsalyabhAvanAnI vedhaka vyathAne nirUpe che. AzAbharI patnI prasUti gRhe thaI "khAlI khoLAnI vedanA sAthe pAchI phare che. e vyathA kavie ahIM nirUpI che. pachInAM traNa saoNneTamAM "khAlIkhoLo' "azivaghaTanA' "sakhIno zizurasa' supere nirupAyA che. putra gumAvyAnuM darda dabAvavAnI mathAmaNa baMne kare che kharAM, ne chatAM baMnenAM haiyAM saLagelAM che. pachInAM traNa soneTa zizumRtyu pachInA nirveda ane khAlIpAne vyakta kare che. zizu vinAno hAtha, vivaza banelA adhara, baLI gayelAM stana, ne zazi vinAno amAsI AkAza zo sUno banI gayelo khoLo vedanA arpe che. paNa pachI kavi temaja kavipatnI vizvanAM bALako potAnAM ja hovAnuM sAMtvana meLave che. paNa pAchuM tarata ja khAlI gharanI lAMchanakaNI UMDe UMDe pajave che. zizu mATenI taDapana, ruMdhAyelo zizurasa kyAreka bumarANa macAvI de che. "asahAya kavi'mAM sIdho mRtyusaMdarbha nathI. eka achaLato ullekha che. kharI paDelA phUlane jhIlavA kavi jatA nathI. jhIlIne zuM kare ? . P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 296 "ema to ahIM duHkha che, mRtyu che ne mRtyusamuM jIvana che" * kavinA zabdo AsuM banI UDe che. kAvyanAyakanA paraloke prayANa nimitte phureluM kavayitrInuM uraspaMdana eTale hIrAbahena pAThakano kAvyasaMgraha "paraloke patra." mRtyujanya virahamAMthI TapakelAM saMvedanoe nAyikA pAse avazapaNe lakhAvyuM che. A patrakAvyonuM nimitta kavayitrInA sadgata patinuM mRtyu (1955, 21 oNgasTa) hovA chatAM ahIM tattvajJAnanuM cUMthaNuM kyAMya jovA maLatuM nathI, ke nathI jovA maLatI kevaLa rudiSA. patinA mRtyunI e gojhArI paLa khaDI thAya che. pati vinAnI emanI deha vaNaneha sUnI ne alUNI thaI gaI che. "A jIvita ja na joIe" 23 ema AjhaMdapUrvaka bolI UThatI patnIne khabhe hAtha mUkI pati karuNAbhAve samajAvatA na hoya evI kalpanA kavayitrIe karI che. kAcuM phUla binapakva bhoye te zuM paDe ? dehAvadhi viNa zuM ke - jIvita kharI paDe" 4 ne jANe ISTajIvanano bodha ApI pati alopa thaI jAya che. bhramaNAnI A ramaNA? ke pachI koI caitasika anubhava ? emanI A durbhAgI jalachAyI daSTine zubhrojjavala vastrAntano hajIye jANe sparza, badhuM enuM e paNa kAvyanAyikAne haiye to ujharaDA che. ApaNuM e vaNaprasaluM garbhabALa padapaMkti kaMkuvaraNI AcherI ii AcherI te pe mUkI thayuM tuM adRzya25 nI yAda temane Ajeya tIvra valopAta ne AghAta anubhavAve che. izAnanA zItavAyu aMgAMgamAM mITho kaMpa prasarAveche. vaikalpa khamAtuM nathI. dasamA patramAMnI "zokaplAna saMdhyA' kavayitrInI viSAdamayatAnuM sUcana kare che. kAMThA sudhI jaLa bharI phUladAnImAM patie ropelI "induvallIne 'kAntavallInI phAlelI, bArasAkhe kamAna racatI vela patinI vidAyano jANe dIrghakALa kathI rahe che. emanI Arata ahIM parAkASThAe pahoMce che. jANe Teliphona para vAta karatAM hoya tema pUchI nAkhe che. bola kyAre Ave ? cAle nava kahevaDAve tvarita savArI lAve" 24 basa pati jaladI Ave e ja tamannA. azakyanI jhaMkhanA sadgata patinA Agamanano anubhava romeroma karAve che kharo. paNa pachI tarata teo sabhAna bane che. citta nirkAnta thAya che. "re bhrama e to bhrama naryo vAyuno saMcAra evuM keTalIye vAra...." 27 ....bhramaNAno khyAla AvyA pachI pAchI e ja raTaNA ane bhramaNA emane gherI vaLe che. P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri MS Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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" arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 297 deva vinAnA A sUnA gRhamaMdire pAchA pharavA teo patine vinave che. to tarata haLavI sahaja rIte mRtyunA vAstavano svIkAra kare che. eTale ja kahuM chuM janAra to jAya che. ADA hAtha ke devAya che ?" 28 kavipriyA alagArI pravAsI patine emanA mulakanuM saranAmuM pUche che. "A abhAgaNInuM AyakhuM viccheda vATe vistaryuM e... ya ne vAdhyo jA....ya." 29 A virA....Ta viccheda je valakhatA vikharAtA uranI keda banI rahe che. vilakhatA virahanI karuNatA ahIM parAkASThAe pahoMce che. eka veLA prabhAtane pahora na samajAya evo avasAda teo anubhave che. zizirano vAyu bhItara bhedIne vIMdhe che. "Ave Ave' saMbhaLAya ne teo AvatA nathI ke nathI patra' tethI hRdayamAM roSa janme che. dInatAthI haiyuM cheka gaLI jAya che. pachI kavayitrI ahI Atmadarzana karI pati para karelA roSa ane aparAdhanI mAphI mAge che. "prItanI pajave prAyazcitanI kharakhara aMsuvana dhAra ura DAme aparaMpAra" " have to rIsAmaNA manAmaNAM badhuMja viramI gayuM che. vyathita nAyikA pRthvIne have pASANaloka' kahI nAkhe che. "kAya kArAgAra toDyuM chUTe nava cheka.... lahuM Aja priya vAraMvAra glAniraMga 3 varSa Ave varSa jAya, jANe badhAMja sukhano saMhAra thaI gayo hoya ema lAge che. marmavedhaka karuNa to tyAM pragaTa thAya che. kavayitrI kahe che, patie jatAM jatAM pote patra lakhI nathI zakavAnA-evo izAro karyo hota to patrajhaMkhanAnA jhurApAnI AvI jhALa to na lAgata. premapathika zeli' Ama to DAhyAbhAI paTele lakheluM aMjali kAvya che. paNa emAM kavie zelinI patnInI vyathA nirUpavAno prayAsa karyo che. ("kAvyaparimala') patinA jIvanAtte duHkhathI pAgala banelI enI patnI paNa mRtyunI jhaMkhanA karavA lAgI. surezA majamudAra putra cittaraMjananA karuNa avasAna nimitte "uranAM AMsu' (1965) karuNaprazastikAvya Ape che. azrune duHkhanuM belI kahenAra kavayitrI mRta purAnI smRti amara rAkhavAnuM kArya nayana, rasanA ane hRdayane soMpe che. "uranAM AMsu' zIrSaka ja putravirahI mAtAnI vyathAnuM sUcaka che. teo oNgasTane (8mI) tethI to "yamadUta' kahe che, karuNa kAramI e kALaghaDI kALajaDe korAI hovAnuM kahe che. P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 298 anugAMdhIyugamAM - mRtyaciMtana, mRtyunuM vAstava, mRtyunI bhayAnakatA kavi harizcaMdra bhaTTa grIka epIgrAmanA gujarAtI anuvAda "pleTono AtmAmAM pleTonA AtmAne gaganamAM sthita rahelo tathA amaratvane pAmelo darzAvyo che. kabaramAM grIse je kavie bIjA khaMDamAM jIvana ane mRtyunA jayane ekaja gaNAvyo che. nayanamAM karuNA thakI jo graha jIvana mRtyu badhuM sarakhuM ja che" 32 trIjA khaMDamAM jIvananI suMdaratA ne cothAmAM jIvananI kALI bAjuno ullekha che. mRtyarUpI pAradhInI cAre bAju phelAyelI jALano ahIM nirdeza thayo che. sAtamA khaMDamAM sthAna kUdAvatA yamanuM zabdacitra ApatAM kavi kahe che. jananI-thAna bharyA mukha choDavI zizu aneka tuM bhoLavI le to 33 suMdara kAmyarUpa dharIne Avato yamarAja mAnA stanane vaLagelAM dUdhabharyAM bALakone bhoLavIne upADI jAya che. premAmRta cAkhavA jhaMkhatA aneka yuvaka yuvatIoneya yama choDato nathI. jyAre vRddhAvasthAe pahoMcelA mAnavane to yamarAja virUpa banAvI enA dAMta toDI, atyaMta krUra banI ene ghasaDI jAya che. mAnavajIvana para rahelI yamarAjanI sarvoparI sattA ane jIvana paranA mRtyunA zAsananuM kavie ahIM varNana karyuM che. mahimA" kAvyamAM kavi harizcaMdra mRtyuno garbhita artha gUMthI Ape che. mRtyune kavi sImAonIye sImA tarIke oLakhAve che. vede jene 'akSiti' nAma ApyuM che, teno putra te mAnava. mRtyu satata jIvananI sAthe ja vaNAyeluM hovAthI enI AMgaLI pakaDIne jIvanane pAmavAnuM che. cAlatA zIkhavAnI sAtheja bALaka enA nAnakaDA paga TheravIne mRtyunI pAchaLa pAchaLa cAle che. chatAM kyAreya saheja thobhI, UMce joI mRtyune e kema joto nahi hoya? evo prazna kavi kare che. paramAtmA ane mRtyu kavine mana paryAya che. mRtyu eTale paramAtmA sAthenuM milana. bALakanA zaizavIrUpa sAthe mRtyu temaja paramAtma svarUpa satata gUMthAyeluM rahe che. aMgUTho dhAvatA zaizavIrUpamAM kRSNanuM bALasvarUpa aMte to "kAloDami'nuM pratIka banI rahe che. mRtyunA tAMDava tathA sarvanAzanuM varNana "rudrane' kAvyamAM karyuM che. rudrane kavi pralayasvAmI tarIke nirUpe che. dhaMsAtmaka zaktine koI rokI zake nahi. kavi vinAzamUrti rudranI sAthe pratispardhA mAMDe che. je kAvya pragaTa nahi karavAnI noMdha kavie lakhI che te milana Aza" anAsakti bhAvanuM sAruM kAvya che. A pRthvI para enAM e svajano to pAchAM maLavAnAM nathI. to A Asakti zAne? mRtyu pachI milananI cira Aza zAne? rAjendra zAhanuM mRtyudarzana maMgala suMdara madhura che. mRtyunA svarUpane vividha rIte pramANavAno prayAsa emaNe karyo che. "saMdhikALa' ("dhvani')mAM kAvyamaya rIte kavi jiMdagInA vArApherAnA cakrano nirdeza kare che. bhUmi para joyelA apArthiva saMdhikALanI kavi vAta kare che. janmamRtyunA meLAno paNa teo ullekha kare che. koI Ave che, koI jAya che. kyAMka AnaMda to kyAMka zoka, kyAMka vihvaLatA, to kyAMka vilApo. "anAgata'mAM yamadevatAnA vAhana mahiSane saMbodhana karI enuM svabhAvoktisabhara sarasa varNana rAjendra zAha kare che. P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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: : : arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 299 jyAM jyAM eno sparza thAya tyAM badhu baLIne bhasma thaI jAya che. e Ave tyAre cAre bAju AtaMka phelAI jAya che. enA ziMgaDAthI ne kharIthI saune e cUrNa - vicUrNa karI nAkhe che. garvabhera UbhelAone, madhyasta lokoneya enA pralaMba pUMchaDAnI eka mAtra jhApaTathI e nIce DhALI de che. pachI cAreya bAju nIrava zAMti chavAI jAya che. "AyuSyane avazeSamAM kavi rAjendra zAhe jANe mRtyunA AgamananI, AyuSyanA aMtanI pIThikA racI ApI che. aMdhArane oDhI sUI jatI sImAo ke vRkSanA nIDa para pharakI jatuM koIka paMkhI-mAnavane svagRha-nIDa javAnA samayano saMketa Ape che. ne pelo kharato tAroya AvI rahelA mRtyunI eMdhANI ApI jAya che. AyuSyanA avazeSe nikaTanAM gaMta svajano vadhu yAda Ave. sadgata mAnuM marakatuM mukha jANe sanmukha dekhAya che. vilIna thatA jIvanI eSaNAo saMtAnonA vikAsarUpe koLe che. "jIvanano vilaya' najIka jaI rahelA kAvyanAyakane hRdayanI zUnyatAmAM jANe potAnA laya-vilayano anubhava thAya che. "sadaiva-visarjana'mAM dehAtmabhAvanA vismaraNanuM sUcana che. to ja ekatva ne muktino AnaMda pAmI zakAya ne? mRtyu ahIM kadAca navA aMkuranI-janmanI pIThikA race che. eno AnaMda ocho nathI. mRtyunA AgamananI "zubha mAMgalyanI ghaDI'no anubhava karatI nArInA saMvedananuM saMvAdarUpe suMdara nirUpaNa "zeSa abhisAra'mAM rAjendra zAha kare che. kAvyanAyikAe mRtyune oLakhI, samajI lIdhuM che tethI ja AnaMdabhera eno svIkAra karavA e tatpara che. mRtyu pAmatI vyaktine nihALatI nikaTanI vyaktinA manobhAva paNa kavie suMdara rIte vyakta karyA che. aMgomAM zaithilya chatAM, paganA aMgUThe mAtra jhUlatI kAyAne teo nihALe che. jANe hamaNAM badhuM ja samApta thaI jaze. "parNa ko pIpaLo keruM vRttamAMthI jaze kharI , kharyuM jANe kharyuM...." 34 mRtyu pAmI rahelI, mRtyune maLavA jaI rahelI vyaktinuM abhirAma varNana kavi kare che. bIjuM svajana kAvyanAyikAnI capalA gatinI vAta kare che. basa, prayANArthe tatpara jiMdagI chelluM nartana karI nAkhe che. ne pachI thAkIne aMteM DhaLI paDe che. trIjuM svajana thaMbhI gayelAM gAna, vyApelA mauna-tathA aMtanA kAruNyanuM hRrNana kare che. kAvyanAyikA mRtyune AlaMbana Ape che. Teko daI UThADe che. "dUrano vasanAro'mAM kavi rAjendra zAha mRtyu temaja paramAtmA baMnene jANe paryAyarUpa gaNAve che. mRtyune pasaMcuM gaNanArane mRtyunI sarvavyApaktA samajAve che. vagaDAnI vATe, vRkSamAM, phUlamAM, jIvalokamAM e kyAM nathI? sarvatra kSaNekSaNe paramAtmAnI jema eno vAsa che. jIva AyuSyano bojo utArI nAkhe che, tyAre e havAthI haLavo banI jAya che. jIvane mRtyu aLapavA Ave che paNa e kyAM jhalAya? e to mRtyunI pAra jaI pahoMce che. (mRtyu to mAtra zarIrane pakaDI zake) to vaLI "ghaTanA maMdiriyAmAM mRtyunA kinakhAbI paDadAne bhaktimAM aMtarAyarUpa gaNAvAyo che. jIva ane zivanA milana vacceno A paDado haTI jAya, eTale ke mRtyunI pele pAra jIva jaya pachI harine dvAra.... to agaracaMdananI saurabha, dhUpano hAra che. pelA kinakhAbI paDadAnuM AvaraNa na haTe tyAM sudhI badhuM nirarthaka (ajJAnanA aMdhakAranuMya AvaraNa) .P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust :

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 300 prayANa'mAM ("zruti') aMtima prayANa samayanI kAvyanAyakanI svasthatAnuM suMdara citraNa kavi rAjendra zAhe kahyuM che. janAra jIvane glAni nathI, mAtra vAtAvaraNamAM stabdhatA ane nirveda che. svajanonI pIDAne lIdhe janArane thoDI vyathA che. zarIranA badhA baMdha chUTavA mAMDe che, ne jIva aMtima pramANe UpaDe che. "vArdhakyanI pAnakharemAM mRtyunI ja aMdhANInuM sUcana che. borasalInA vizIrNa thayelA ne rUpavihoNA tathA parAgahIna banelA puSpanI vAta dvArA devaLa jUnuM thayAnuM, ne haMsalo to nAno hovAnI vAta, tathA vastra jarjarita thayAno ullekha mRtyunI ja sUcanAtmaka rIte vAta kare che. "dezavaTo'mAM vilakSaNabhAva rajU thayelo che. nivamuM ahIM mRtyumAM thavA hajIye te huM ajanma chuM rahyo" 35 UlaTuM ahIM pRthvIloke satata mRtyumAM vasatA hovAno anubhava kAvyanAyaka kare che. vidAyaveLAe'mAM aMtima vidAyaveLAe jIvane vIMTaLAtAM rAhusamAM smaraNonI vAta karI che. mRtyunA vhAlabharyA bAhusparzano anubhava thatAM jIva saune chellA juhAra karI cAlyo jAya che. "vidAyarI' ('zAMta kolAhale")mAM jIvanA koI aNadITha deze thatA prayANanI vAta che. asahya vedanA aMtima paLe smitamAM palaTAI jAya evI prArthanA kAvyanAyaka kare che. "nirvAsitonuM gAnamAM pRthvI para sau nirvAsita hovAnuM kavi jaNAve che, kALajAnA TukaDA jevA svajanonI rAkha jovI paDatI hoya che. "vedanAmAM koInuM zAsana na hovAnuM kahetA kavi jIvananI jema mRtyuneya kSaNabhaMgura gaNAve che. jema jIvana TakatuM nathI, tema mRtyu paNa TakatuM nathI. khAlIghara'no kAvyanAyaka zUnya aMdhakAramAM mRtyunA maunano anubhava kare che. ("kSaNa je ciraMtana) "mRtyunI mauna chAyAmahIM bharI rahuM Daga" 30 jANe potAnuM preta bhamatuM hovAnI pratIti thAya che. mRtyunA pratIka samA ghuvaDanI sAme najara maMDAya che. hRdayanA AveganI vANI stabdha bane che. pAna vinAnI DALa paranuM ghuvaDa mauna che. mRtyu thatAM gaMdha, nAma, rUpa, raMga, badhuMja svAhA thaI jAya che. ('agni, teja, Aga ane bhasma') ('viSAdane sAdI) sadUgata mitra manaharanA avAjanA sUrano AbhAsa pAmatA kAvyanAyaka potAnA aMganA vastra paNa gumAvI besavAno-pote mRtyu pAmavAno jANeke anubhava kare che. ('pula para thaIne) "zvetAzveta'mAM avaralokathI AvelA jIvananA, gatajanmanAM smaraNone vAcA apAI che. paNa IhalokanA svajano ene oLakhI zakatAM nathI. pelA nidhananA aMtarAyane na to mRtyu pAmela mAnava bhedI zake che, ke nato hayAta rahelA svajano. "navI oLakhamAM jIvAtmAne zarIranA mRtyu samaye thatI koIka navIja oLakha, temaja harSa ane vismayanA anubhavane zabdabaddha karAyo che. jANe mana divya nartanamaya chaMdamAM choDI jAya che. "A aMga choDI gayuM pretya ko thaI chAyA na khAlI ava P.P. AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. kAya A rahI" 30 Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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- arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 301 kavi divasanI jema rAtrineya karmazIla gaNAve che. divasa jIvananuM ne rAtri mRtyunuM pratIka che. ('kALa para dharAya caraNa" "vibhAvana"). kavi rAjendra zAha kahe che, bhale jaNAya zAMta, paNa acala na jANa maraNa" 38 nityanA sukhano deza jarAya dUra na hovAnuM kaheto kAvyanAyaka kALanI keDI para nRtyachaTA sAthe nirbhayatAthI khumArIpUrvaka caraNa dharavAnuM kahe che. mAlayane saunA ghara tarIke oLakhAvatA kavi ('punarjIvana") mRtyune saMjIvanI tathA kRtAMtakAla baMne rUpe biradAve che. mRtyu haze to ja punarjIvananI zakyatA, tethI e saMjIvanIrUpa. kavi kahe che keTalA janma dharyA e koI jANatuM nathI. dareka khepe navI judI duniyA jovAnI, janma maraNanA cakranoya pachI aMta AvatAM janmamaraNa badhuM ekAkAra thaI jAya ne tyAre muktinI dhajA pharake. ("avadhUtI" "khepa" "hAsuparNA') sAMja paDye potAnA nIDa bhaNI prayANa karatAM paMkhInI vAta, aMte mAnavanA ya nija ghara bhaNInA prayANanI vAtanuM sUcana kare che. ("nIDabhaNI' "dhAsupaNa) jatI vakhate svajanonI mamatA avagaNIne taLAvatIre jIva paLano poro khAya, paramadhAma najIka dekhAya, gaMtavya sthAnane jIva Atura najare joyA kare che. ne pachI umaMga uchaLatA TahukAthI gaMbhIra gagana (citta) raNajhaNI UThe che. maraNanA nimaMtraNane pAchuM ThelI zakAtuM nathI ne chatAM jIvanamAM cheka chelluM kazuM na hovAnI vAta karatA kavi mRtyune ya aMta nathI gaNatA, mAtra A lokanI sImA' gaNe che. mRtyune pAse bolAvI AzleSavAnuM kahetA kAvyanAyaka mRtyunA zIrSane sUMghavA ne hRdayapUrvaka namavA Atura che. mukha pheravI levAthI mRtyu dUra thatuM nathI, e vAstavathI paNa sabhAna che. kavi kahe che, ( jiMdagI jo teja karI ujjavala sUryanuM rAtrinA aMdhAra jevI che kajA" 39 kavi rAjendrazAha ahIM vaLI rAtrinA aMdhakAra sAthe mRtyune sarakhAve che. to vaLI kyAMka maraNane sagI AMkhe joI lIdhAnI vAta paNa teo kare che. mRtyune A lokanI sImA kahe "meM maraNane joI lIdhuM AMkhathI sagI sAta DagalA saMga mAMDyAM bAraNA lagI" 40 bAraNA sudhI AvI pahoMcelA e mRtyuno pAra to pAmI ja nathI zakAyo, pAMca tattvathI vikhUTA paDyAno anubhava jIvatAjIvata jANe teoe karyo che. kavi uzanasa samagra pRthvIne "maraNakSetra' kahe che. "smazAna" kAvyamAM mRtyune uzanasa siMha sAthe sarakhAve che. ("Adga"). P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 302 vRkodara samAna mRtyusiMha uddare sau pacyuM" 41 mRtyarUpI e hiMsaka pazu potAnI anarUpI yALa AmathI tema satata phaMgoLato phare che. enA camakatA pILA dAMta vaDe mRtyuM potAnA lakSyane pAmavA tarApa mAre che. eTaluM ja nahi mRtyu svajanane smazAne mUkavA gayelA sau DAdhu para paNa potAnI tarasI najara pheravI le che. ahi pUrvArdhamAM maraNanI bhayAnaka varNavI uttarArdhamAM bhAratIya paraMparAmAM varNavAyelI mRtyunI gatine svastha citte uzanasa nirUpe che. jyAM pachI "maraNa" jevuM kazuM che ja nahi, nI pratIti kAvyanAyaka kare che. vyAkuLa vaiSNava'nAM kAvyo Ama to Izvara sAthenA anusaMdhAna ane milana mATe talasatA kAvyanAyakanA jhurApAnAM che. kAvyanAyaka potAnI jAtane "anaMta" mAne che. zarUmAM uzanase ahIM sarasa paMkti mUkI che. "joI zakuM rAha chuM kemake, zAzvata huM" (uzanasa) ahIM pote zAzvata hovAnI ramaNIya zraddhA vyakta thaI che. kavione jarAmaraNa na hoya evI AsthA? athavA to mAnavaAtmAnI amaratAno saMketa. kavi punarjanmamAM zraddhA dharAve che. eTaluM ja nahi punarjanma jhaMkhe paNa che. tAje navajanma. "maTI javA jhaMkhI rahuM A aplAna bhAvi samAja huM, kemake, jhma cahuM" (uzanasa). A kathanano ahIM virodha nathI. saMdarbha ahIM vadhu vizALa banIne Ave che. maTI javAnI jhaMkhanAmAM zarIranA maTI javAnI je vAta che. ne to ja to navAMkura dharI zakAya ne? mRtyunA pradezamAM thaIne ja kadAca Izvara sAthenuM milana zakya bane ne? "vyAkuLa vaiSNava'ne gujarAtanI gItAMjali' gaNAvatA suMdaram ahIM kAlAtIta zAzvatInA jhaMkAra paNa sAMbhaLe che. 23mAM kAvyamAM samayachoDa para nita phUla bIlavI, sAMje kheravI nAkhatI, veDhA gaNatI virahiNI konA Agama mATe ujAgarA kare che e nathI samajatuM. "ho phATe, 3 phUTa phUTe Tapa, sAMja paDye garI jAya sAMja paDye priya vAsara phUlanI pAMkharIo * huM kharI jAya" 1 kavi uzanasa nirmama nisaMgI vedAMtI pitAnA mRtyuno zoka karavAnuM mithyA hovAnuM ("ne toya) kahe che. pitAnA mRtyunI sAthe sAthe potAnA mRtyunI anubhUti "mujapitA'mAM vyakta thaI che. (tRNano graha) ghera vatanamAM pUjA mATe taiyAra thayelA kavine pote pitA jevA ja lAgatAM, svamRtyudarzanano jANe anubhava thAya che. svastha citte, sAkSIbhAve teo jANe potAnI ja citA tathA nanAmIne nihALe che. niHsaMgatAno A virala anubhava gaNAya. jIvanamaraNadarzanamAM Ama to jIrNa gharanI avasthAnA varNana dvArA mRtaprAya banI khATalAmAM P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 303 bImAra paDelI jananInA mRtyunA bhaNakAranI vAta rajU thaI che. pAchaLanA vanatRNanA e vADAmAMthI billIpage ghUsIne gharamAM AvI besI gayelA mRtyune kavie joI lIdhuM che. "ugeluM jouM chuM tRtRNa pathArI-kabara pe jANe mRtyu tRNatRNa banI pathArImAM UgyuM" <3 mRtyune tRNarUpe mAnI pathArImAM UgeluM joyA pachI mA paNa tRNarUpa banI hovAnuM kahe che. mRtvamukhe ucharatA jIvanamALAnI vAta uzanas "sarjanano udyama" ("spaMda ane chaMda')mAM kahe che. "caitanyamAM kyahIM jato maLI jAya tALo mRtyumukhe jIvanano ucharaMta mALo" ja jamInanI bhItaramAMthI phUTI nIkaLato lIlA raMgano aMkura, temaja zAkhA para phUTatuM navuM parNa potAnA vyatIta thayelA zatazata janmonA darzananI pratIti karAve che. ("kALa - DUbakI - eka taMdrA') "A veLA to judo ja anubhavamAM anyathA saudaryadarzI kavi uzanasa eka navI ja ibArata laIne Ave che. bhIMta paranI kharatI popaDImAM AyuSyanI jaraThatAne jotA kavi jIvananI saccAIne nirUpe che. daganA kAcanI jhAMkhapa temane bhUkharA smazAnanI anubhUti karAve che. "maraNa cUsatuM polA zILI lahera thakI naLA" 45 koka kUtaruM hRdayane pIMkhI nAkhatuM hoya evo anubhava thAya che. potAnA ja maraNanI vArtA sAMbhaLatAM pote preta jevA banI gayAnI anubhUti kare che. vizvajananI-svarUpamAM eka virala anubhUti vyakta thaI che. bAnA dehAMta pachI gharamAM pravezatAM, Azcarya sAthe sarvatra jananIrUpa banelI sabharatA anubhavAya che. jananI have vyakti maTI vibhUti banyAnI pratIti thAya che. to jAtakakathA'mAM pUrvajanmamAMya jANe e ja jananI ane pote putra hovAnI AsthA vyakta thaI che. mAnI godamAM jharaNarUpa banI pote jhamatA hovAnI zraddhA kavi dharAve che. to "abhijJAna'mAM punarjanmanI vAta kavi kare che. judAMrUpa dharI jananI janmaze toya teo sahejamAM emane oLakhI javAnA. taru banI mA janme to enI zItala chAyAthI ja kavi emane pAmI, oLakhI jaze. grISmaRtumAM jananIne yAda karatAM amastAM ja neNa jaLa bharAze tyAre jananI ja enA para chAyA dharaze ne kavi putra emane oLakhI leze. - "sAMjano sAda'mAM jIvana saMdhyAno nirdeza che. tethI ja to temane nIDane pele pArathI mAno svara have saMbhaLAya che. mATIno-AdyadharaNIno e rudhirasvara. "pharI pAchA nIDe, nIDathI dharatImAM maLI javuM, .* * pharI pAchA iMDe jananI tava janmI pharakavuM 49 pharI eja mAne peTe janmavAnI jhaMkhanA ahIM vyakta thaI che. "puSpa' nAmanuM kAvya uzanasa nA P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 304 Inner Being - no paricaya Ape che. jemAM tRNaveze potAnA pura pradeze AvelA atithinI kavi vAta kare che. saheja laharI aDatAM kaMpI UThatAM pAMca nAnI raMgachAMTI pAMdaDI kavinA cittane harI le che.. "paMcAMguli pakaDI ghUmuM vanavanataNI yugayuga taNI vIthi vIthi pAchI jIvuM mArA hajAro janmanI jAtaka-kathA" 40 pAnakharamAM" parokSa rIte janmamaraNa baMne vaNAyAM che. samayarUpI zIzImAMthI avirata jhINI kharatI rajakaNa, kSaNa, kSaNa navI phUTatI kUMpaLa, bIjI bAju jharyA karatI patajhara, ne anamana banI jamanAmAM ghaTa rita karatI ne bharatI govAlaNa A badhAMja janma tathA mRtyunAM pratIka banIne Ave che. kavi kahe che ke kRzakAya TiToDInI jema mAnava paNa maraNanIMdarano anubhava kare che. "bhame maraNa nAmanI aphINa jevI ko" nIMdarA vIMTAI vaLIne mane, phUMkatI phUMkatI zItaLA 48 samayamAMthI maraNa sudhI AvI pahoMcelA kavi (kAvya nAyaka) kahe che. - "huM AvI pahoMcyo chuM, lagabhaga mhArA maraNamAM" 49 jIvatAjAgatA zaba hovAnI pratIti karatA teo zabavat jIvanano aMta icche che. "mitranI smazAna yAtrAmAM' tathA "ane pachI mArIya kAvyo kavinI addabhuta niHsaMgatAno paricaya Ape che. jIvatAjIvata mRtyunI anubhUtine jIravI, pacAvI jANanAra koI mahAmAnavInI jANe A vAta na hoya? mRta vyaktinuM halabalAvI nAkhe evuM svabhAvoktisabhara varNana ahI karyuM che. "adhUrI carcAnA adhUrA rahelA vAkyasamuM khulluM moMughADI AMkhonI stabdhatA" "ane jayAM DAghunI svajanataNI - ToLI ghara jatI ghare jAsAciThThI kazIka lakhI'tI cokaDI vaLI" para svajanane smazAne mUkI AvyA pachI lAgatA mRtyubhayanI tIvratAnuM vedhaka nirUpaNa kavie ahI karyuM che. mRtyu have potAnuM dvAra paNa game tyAre khaTakhaTAvaze, e vAstavathI kAvyanAyaka sabhAna che jayAre "ane mArIya'mAM mRtyunA paramavizrAMtibharyA anubhavane vAcA apAI che. svajanoe emane khAMdhe lIdhA badala emano AbhAra kAvyanAyaka mAne che. bahu thAkyA hovAthI jAte cAlIne to jaI zakAya ema nahotuM ne vAMsanI vaLI-nanAmI jAte kaMI thoDuM vajana UMcakI zake? jIvananAM thAka, aMte svajanonI khAMdhe pote hovA chatAMya thAka anubhavAve che. * P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 305 "hajAro gAunI kaLatI rahI zrAMti maraNamAM" 51 uzanasa maraNane UMgha ja nahi "mIThI UMgha" kahe che. "maraNa nAmanI UMgha AkhuM kAvya ja suMdara che. kAvyanAyaka ardhI taMdrA, ardhI nIMdaranA ghenamAM mRtyunA vaheNamAM potAnI padappAnIne Dabaka daI bole che. paNa mRtyarasane AsvAdatI vakhate teo taMdrA ke nidrAmAM nathI. "mRtyurasa' ja mIThI UMghano, koI akathya mIThA rasano anubhava karAve che. jiMdagInI sAme teo mRtyarasane sabhAnapaNe cagaLe che. koIka zItaLa aMdhakAra jevuM kazuMka pagethI jANe gaLe che. koI bALanuM lIsuM pahoLuM jaDabuM jANe. mRtyunA anubhavane sarpa zo zItaLa anubhava kavi kahe che. mRtyu samaye kALanI atala kUkha jevuM kaLaNa anubhavAya che. "kaLuM chuM garakuM chuM, A gamatuM ThaMDuM kaiM gAra zuM? asahya mIThI mANuM lALa taNI jALa vIMTI vaLe - mane sarapazItaLuM kazuMka phUMkI phUMkI gaLe-" para kAvya nAyakane mRtyunA sparzano zItaLa ne lIso anubhava thAya che. kavi jayaMta pAThakane sureza dalAla "vismaya'nA kavi kahe che. "raNa" ("vagaDAno zvAsa) jayaMta pAThakanuM eka viziSTa kAvya che. ahIM kavi koI judI ja bhUmikAthI maraNanI vAtane raNanA saMdarbhamAM AgavuM parimANa Ape che. raNadIponA mRgajaLa tarasane ThAratAM nathI. tarasane mAratA nathI paNa tarasane tIvra banAve che. badAmI retImAM jaLane zodhatAM zodhatAM pote ja badAmI thaI jaI tarasamAM lapAI gayelA maraNanI zodha kavine che. raNanI retInA nahi paNa UMTanI gatinAM mojAM upara mojAM uchaLatAM DhaLatAM, kaho ke aMtima veLAno vahI jato "zvAsano kAphalo DhaLe-AgaLa jANe ke aMtima zvAsanuM pUrNavirAma. jIvanane sAcuM parimANa jeTaluM jIvanathI nathI maLatuM, eTaluM maraNanI vAstavikatAthI maLe che. zrI araviMdanI mukhya sAdhanA abhedanI, cetanAnA anaMtapaNAnI vicAraNA kendrasthAne che. jIvana sAva maryAdita nathI. "mRtyu ane zrI araviMda' judAM? kadAca koInuM ya jIvana ane mRtyu judA nathI. AgherA Alaya sudhI pahoMcavA, AtamarAmane kavi mRtyunA kaparA paMtha kApavA anurodha kare che. ("AghAM AghAM') jIvana ane maraNa baMne veLAe zaraNAgatibhAva, vyaktitvalopanI bhAvanA vyakta thAya che. kavi ahIM niHsImanI sukhazavyAne mRtyu, ne mRtyune niHsImanI sukhazaiyA kahe che. nirveda tathA paritApa khaMkherI nAkhatA kavi anaMta gatimAM badhuM sUkSmarUpe jIvAtuM anubhave che. (smazAnamAM) mRtyuno ja ahIM kavi inkAra kare che. na mRtyu, paNa cetanA taNI lIlA ja A saMskRti" pa3 jIvanane aMte mRgajaLa pIne atRpta vAsanAo sAthe marI jatA mAnavo pharI janma maraNanA cakarAvAmAM lapaTAya che. ('avasAdanI kSaNe') P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 306 "mRtyu laIne janma ahIM sau pRthvI paranA piMDa" 54 kavi kahe che zUnyanI mIMDa (mRtyu) pAse zabda ke mauna badhuM sarakhuM. sAvajane kavie "kALa" . ke mRtyunA pratIkarUpe kalyo che. ("sAvaja) A jIvanarUpI aghoravanamAM game tyAre pelo sAvaja nIkaLe, mAnavanAM svapnone bocImAMthI pakaDaze, ne kAMdhe nAkhI laI jaze. svajananI kAMdhe nahi, mRtyunI kAMdhe caDhIne javAnuM hoya che. sAvajathI bacavAnA badhA prayatno vyartha jAya. "rIMcha' kAvyamAM "rIMcha' mRtyunuM pratIka banIne Ave che. gahanaverA jIvanavanamAM rAtanA aMdhakAramAM mRtyu satata aNadITha rahI pharyA ja kare che. jijIviSA ane AzAono madhapUDo laIne pharatA vRddhone cATIne A rIMcha dhIme dhIme khatama kare che. mRtyune mAranAra jJAnasUryanI kavine (kAvyanAyakane) pratIkSA che. mRtyu pachInuM amRtatva to koNa jANe ? paNa jIvananA premarasa bharyA snigdha padArthomAM ekarUpa thavAnI sthitine kavi mokSanI dazA kahe "paMcatattvonI ghaTanAnuM ghanarUpa huM jaiza vikharI.... ane ema pAmIza mane asala vatanamAM" papa bhAvamAM janmelo, bhAvarUpa banelo vAsanA deha, bhAvAmRtamAM bhaLI jaze. samayanI zIzImAM sarakatI kSaNonI retano nirdeza, jIvananI kSaNabhaMguratAnI vAta parokSa rIte karI jAya che. ne aMte kAvyanAyaka potAnI AMkhe nabhanuM UtaratuM kalAnta maraNa nihALe che. je svamaraNanoya saMketa Ape che. mAnava potAnI jiMdagInI khUba mAvajata kare che. ene zaNagAre che. ne pachI sAcavIne cAlyA pachIye e jaI pahoMce che, to pelA maraNanI bheMkAra bhekhaDa para "jiMdagIne khabhe besADIne jALavI jALavI cAlIe ne cAlI cAlIne AvIe Akhare to eka nAjuka Teke TekavAI rahetI maraNanI bheMkAra bhekhaDa para" pa javAnuM'mAM koI nave pradeze badhuM ja choDIne javAnI vAta karAI che. cAlanArAM caraNoneya choDavAnAM che....A caraNa vaDe to pelA avyakta ajANyA pradeza jaI zakAvAnuM nathI. huM'nAM zarIra baMdhanonI pAra to sUkSmarUpe ja javAya ne? "manuSyastotra'mAM kavi jayaMta pAThaka ("mRgayA') eka viziSTa virodha racI Ape che. - "ApaNe mANasa amRtanA putro garbhamAMthI ja mRtyune varelA" pa amRtanA putro' e jJAnasUtra che. ne garbhamAMthI "mRtyunuM varaNa' e ajJAna? AbhAsa? punarapi jananam punarapi maraNa, badhAnuM mULa tRSNA vAsanA. zarIranuM mRtyu ja aMte mAnavane, AtmAne amara banAve. "amRtaputra" banAve, to 'mithyAstotramAM paNa "mULa P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 307 sudhI pahoMcelI taranI jhINI maraNa jIvAtanI vAta aMte to mAnavajIvanane sarvIze vyApI vaLelA maraNa nAmanA roganA jIvANunI ja vAta. "vArdhakya vize cAra racanAomAM bAMkaDA para bevaDa vaLIne paDelA eka jarjara vRddhanI mRtavata sthitino kavi nirdeza kare che. deha jANe rAkhano Dhagalo'. haju keTalA zvAsa levAnA bAkI e vicAre thAkI jato vRddha mRtyunI pratIkSA kare che. "ne pachI paDyo vRddha ne paDyo ja paDyo ja gayo nIkaLI TheTha jIvananI bahAra" 18 Adi kALathI mAnavajAta mRtyunA rahasyane ukelI zakI nathI. tethI to naciketA thavAnuM agharuM che, ema kavi kahe che. mRtyunA pradezamAM javuM e ja pUratuM nathI. tyAM jaI ene maLI, enI sAcI oLakha, enuM rahasya pAmavAnI kavine jhaMkhanA che. paNa e tema karI zakatA nathI. mRtyunI mAtra rUpALI ne romenTika kalpanAo ja teo karI zake che. vizeSa kAMI nahi. karkaza kolAhalathI dUra khaMDane eka khUNe, mUgAMmUgAM beThelA mRtyunI AMkhomAM kAvyanAyaka sAthe vAta karavAnI apekSA dekhAya che. kAvyanAyaka paNa mRtyu sAthe vAta karavA utsuka che. ("ekAeka' "zULI upara seja') e enI pAse pahoMce na pahoMce tyAM to upekSAthI ghavAyelI preyasI jevuM mRtyu khaMDanI bahAra cAlyuM jAya che. jANe cheka AveluM mRtyu rIsAIne pAchuM pharI jAya che. "notarAM' kAvyamAM parokSa rIte kavi mRtyunAMja notarAMnI vAta kare che. lokagItanA DhALamAM ne taLapadI zailImAM jIvane saMsAranI mAyA tyajavAnuM kahevAyuM che. "asavAra' kAvyamAM kavie yamadevanuM vAhana "kALo ghoDo' kayuM che. "kALe dhoDe kALe lUgaDe peTho gaDha mojhAra' asavAranuM moM DhAMkeluM che. tethI AMkhathI oLakhAto nathI. lIdho upADI adhdhara, paLamAM nAkhyo ghoDApITha oLaMgI gaDha, ajIMga UDyo o dekhAya.... adITha" pa9 daze dizAmAM khepaTa UDAvato (cAre bAju gamagIna vAtAvaraNa phelAvato) e nAsI jAya che ne badhe sopo paDI jAya che. "A vRkSa' kAvyamAM maraNane jotA vRddhonI kathA kahevAI che. jIvanavRkSanAM mULa khavAI gayAno ekarAra che, be vRddhajana kahe che. "joyA karavAnuM ApaNe beThA beThA zizirane tApaNe ahIM AMgaNe ene - zithilacaraNane - maraNane" 0 vRddhatva samaye mRtyuya vRddhanA zithila caraNanI jema dhIme dhIme AvatuM hoya ema lAge che. kadAcamAM vatana, ghara, bhUminI chellI vidAya levAnI anubhUtino nirdeza che. mitrane thAya che, enA mitrane ghare jotA jAya kadAca e Avyo hoya to te kavi aMtima P.P. AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 308 paMktimAM e ja kahe che. kadAca mAre pharI ahIM AvavuM paDe ? mamatA Asakti pharI ahI janmAve. - IzvaracaMdra bhaTTane ('aMtima abhisAra) sarvatra sadUgata patnI sUkSmarUpe vyApelI jaNAya che. mauna rahyAM rahyAM sUkSmarUpe patnInI akaLa vANIne e sAMbhaLe che. patnI parama prati gati karI gaI hovAnuM teo kahe che. "pRthvI parathI chUTuM rajakaNa mukta karIne dehanuM vaLagaNa... 2 "anubhavamAM sanAtana mRtyu ciMtana rajU karatA kavi AtmAnI amaratAne pramANatA hoya evuM lAge che. AtmAne jAti ke vayanAM vaLagaNa na hovAnuM kavi kahe che. potAnAmAM magna rahenAra AtmA kadI kyAMya na baMdhAya. niraMjana bhagata mRtyunI vAta judA ja saMdarbhamAM kare che. nagarasaMskRtine mukhe mRtyulepa hovAnI vAstavikatAno nirdeza "gAyatrI' kAvyamAM kavi kare che.. "mukhe che mRtyuno lepa A gItano suramo drage uchaLe chAtI haiye zA hIralA jage" 23 kavine savAranuM svapna sAMje bhagna, khaMDita thayeluM dekhAya che. apUrNa jidagInI zUnya ekalatAnA rahasyano pAra pAmavA mathato kavi mRtyune ja jiMdagI mAnI AtmapratAraNAmAM sare che. have tene pratIti thAya che ke "A to sau nitya janme ne pAchAM nitya ja je mare" 4 nagarajIvananI A viDaMbanA, karuNatA mAtra muMbaImAM ja che, evuM nathI. bodaleranA perisamAM paNa AvI sthiti che. jyAM sarvatra jiMdagI mRtavata che. mANasa janmatAM ja marI jAya che. saMskRtidarzana chatAM viSAdanA kAvya "saMskRtimAM judA saMdarbhe mRtyuno nirdeza ciMtanAtmakarUpe thayo che. cAre bAju kaMdano tathA viSamaya vAruNIne joI mRtyunA locananI lAlimA harSa anubhave che. evI to vedanA sarvatra ghumarAya che, ke zabdoya zUnya banI gayA che. mRtyuya A badhuM joI DaghAI jAya che. mRtyu paNa mauna dhArI gayuM je kSaNe' "e kSaNone vRthA vANI te zuM vaNe ? mRtyune, maunane mIMDha AvuM ane mAnavIe kadI nA lahyuM" 5 kALAM kAmo karyA pachI mRtyu sUnamUna banI gayuM, ne tethI eNe kALamIMDha mauna dhAraNa karyuM. chatAM kavine UMDe UMDe zubhamAM zraddhA che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 309 "kAla e kaMsanA mRtyunI pragaTaze kRSNa kerI lIlA" muktinA svapnane joIne rASTranA yajJamAM kaMI keTalAMya bali vilIna thaI gayAM. e svapnane Aja vilIna thatuM joIne "khAMbhI nIce haze jemanI | muThThIbhara mATIye mai halI" 17 kavi' kAvyamAM mRtyu paranA kavinA vijayano mahimA gAyo che. kavi to smazAnanI citAmAMthI bhAgI chUTavAno, kavi kazAthI na baMdhAya. arthAta kavinI kavitAne mRtyu mArI zakatuM nathI. citA jalAvI zakatI nathI. Aga dajhADI zakatI nathI. A soMdaryadraSTA kavio smazAnamAMthIye jagatamAM pAchA phare evI emanI sauMdaryaprIti. 'phAunTananA basa sTopa para' kAvyamAM kavie mRtyune durnivAra ne pavitra gaNAvyuM che. tethIja eno virodha ke zoka nathI.. rahasya mRtyanuM na hoya zuM pichAnatA na zoka zabdanA virodhanoya mRtyune pavitra durnivAra mAnatA 8 priyakAMta maNiyAra saraLa vANImAM jIvananI kSaNabhaMguratAno nirdeza kare che. jalanI laharanuM jAgavuM saraLa, ne bhAMgavuM ghaNuM vaheluM"... zA kAraNe kAvyamAM kavi jIvanane mRtyunA pAraNAmAM mahoratuM kahe che. jIvana ane mRtyune judAM pADI zakAya tema nathI. mRtyunI avadhi pUrI thatAM jIvana, ne jIvananI pUrI thatAM pAchuM mRtyu, e krama satata cAlato rahe che. ahA jIvana oratuM mRtyune pAraNe" 29 hajAra volTanA vIjaLInA dabANa pAse, ene aDe to baLI javAnI mANasane cetavaNI apAya che. paNa mANasane janmamAM pravezatAM koIe evuM na kahyuM ke, "mRtyu e rahyuM tahIM jazo na jANI joIne" 08 priyakAMta kahe che, "manuSyajIvana eTale mRtyunoja avatAra. janma e mRtyunuM ja eka dehadhArI rUpa. mAnavano janma e enuM mRtyu paNa che ja. "garbhe bharAI laghu janma leI . zA mRtyunA janma pharI pharI" 1 mRtyu pAse ja to jIvananI bhIkha mAgavAnI che. jIvanane mRtyunA kUbAmAM niraMtara rahevAnuM hovAthI jIvana mRtyune AdhIna che. e vAta siddha thAya che. vyaktinuM mRtyu thatAM sAthe kazuM jatuM na hovAno nirdeza karatAM kavi kahe che. "oDhI kaphana kAyA gaI gharanI vhAra jyAM khUNe paDI gayelI lAkaDI rahI gaI 32 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 310 lAkaDIye gharamAMja paDI rahe che. koInA TekA vinA, sAthI saMgI vinA ekalA ja javAnuM. baLada eka suMdara rUpaka kAvya che. potAnA ja mRtyu samayanI, ne e pachInI sthitinuM varNana karato baLada ahIM mAnavamAtranuM pratIka banI rahe che. mRtyune nahIM samajI, ke pAmI zakanAro baLada (ane kadAca mAnava paNa) kahI UThe che. "mRtyumAM kayuM loDhuM haze te mArAthI e to vahI zakAtuM ja nathI" 3 mRtyunI kaThoratA ane rahasyamayatAne ahIM vAcA apAI che. baLadanA pUMchaDAmAMnA pelA caitanyanA vRkSanI DALIone koIe jANe mULamAMthI kApI nAkhI che. "A mRtyue aNadIThA hAthe kaI paroNI mane ghoMcI ke mAruM kaMI cAlyuM nahIM...." .... "huM gADuM tANato hato mane mRtyu tANI gayuM" 4 mRtyu pAmelA e baLadane bIjo eka jIvato baLada pelA khADAmAM laI jAya che, tyAre ene prazna thAya che ke e potAne paNa laI jaI rahyo che ke zuM? bIjAnuM mRtyu thaze tyAre ene trIjo kheMcI jaze....ne mAnavanuMya ema ja ne ? "dhavala pathArInA zAMta aceta samudramAM' kAvya paNa mRtyunA ja saMdarbhane mArmika rIte vyakta kare che. samudra Ama to aceta na hoya. paNa A evA samudranI (jIvana ?) vAta che. jayAM badhuM ja pachI viramI jAya che. mAnavane jIvanarUpI parapoTo phUTI javAno satata Dara rahe che. ("prabalagati" "parapoTo)) jIvanane pakaDI rAkhI zakAtuM nathI. mRtyune dUra dhakelavAno prayatna vaMdhya nIvaDe che. mANasa jIvana pAchaLa, ne mRtyu mAnava pAchaLa ema niraMtara saMtAkUkaDI cAle che. kavine dhUpasaLI joIne pote paNa aMte khAkha thaI javAnA, e vicAra Ave che. ("AMsu") to sAthe sAthe jIvanakramanA zAzvata pratIkasamuM nitya phuraNarUpa, lIluM aMkurita thatuM tRNa paNa yAda Ave che. eka jIva vilIna thAya tyAra pahelAM bIjo janma laI le che. ema jIvanadhArA avirata cAle che. priyajano mRtyu pAme che. paNa emanI dardabharI premakahAnI amara thaI jAya che. jIvanaphaLa toDavAnI kriyAne kavi "pApa" gaNe che. tethI to mRtyune enI tIkSNa cAMca vaDe jIvanaphaLa nahi toDavA, phUlane nahi toDavA pharamAna kare che. ("janma ane mRtyu) AtmAnI niHsaMgatAnI vAta "dehanAM baMdhana'mAM karAI che. AtmA, jyAre sau sUI jAya che, tyAre bahAra nIkaLI jAya che. badhI indriyo supta thaI jAya che. tyAre mAMhyalo zarIramAMthI cUpacApa bahAra cAlyo jAya che, ne zarIra paDI rahe che. zarIrarUpI piMjaranA saLiyA tUTI jAya che. ahIM mRtyune AnaMdabhera svIkAravAnI prakriyA darzAvAI che. mRtyu' kAvyamAM dehamAMthI nIkaLI gayA pachI AtmA anaMta gaganamAM UDI jato hovAnI kavi vAta kare che. ne tyAre zarIranAM baMdhano badhAM lupta thaI jAya che. "etrelA'mAM kavi kahe che. pRthvI paranI avarajavara vyartha lAgatI hovA chatAM jIvane mRtyuno, yamane P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa *311 maLavAno bhaya to lAge ja che. anaMta pragaTIkaraNavALI sRSTithI vikhUTA paDavAnuM pelA jIvane gamatuM nathI. ('sRSTi') kA-kA karatA kAgaDAnA mRtyu pachI ekaja praharamAM badalAI jatA raMganI vAta ('sRSTi ja judI) mAnavanA astitvane paNa lAgu paDe che. to blekaborDa paranI sahejamAM bhUMsAI jatI lITI jevA nAzavaMta astitvano vicAra "astitva' nAmanA kAvyamAM thayo che. astitvane kavi blekaborDa para cokathI dorelI lITI sAthe sarakhAve che. je sahejamAM bhUMsAI javAnI. "pAMkha saMkelImAM ('lIlero DhALa) eka pachI eka pIMchA kheravI letA paMkhInI vAta sAthe mAnavajIvananI saMdhyAnA saMdarbhane priyakAMta joDI de che. mAnava paNa jIvananA badhA sUrane seravI saMkelI le che, ne aMte Agane cUmI le che. jIvanaastitvane mATIno khela gaNatA kavi eka sanAtana prazna rajU kare che. morapIMchanI bhAtasamuM caitanya A astitvamAM koNe mUkyuM? ("AyuSyanA avazeSa'). gItAbahena parIkha jiMdagIne thALamAnA miSTa bhojana sAthe, ne mRtyune sugaMdhI ramya mukhavAsa sAthe sarakhAve che. ('maraNapaNa) (pUrva) 1979mAM kavayitrI "bhInAza' kAvyasaMgraha laIne Ave che. svajanamRtyunI vedanA vyakta karatAM teo kahe che. jIvatara kere tArevANe vaNAI jAtuM mota... 9 jIvana sAthe vaNAyelA A motanA dorA-tANAne phADIne toDIne pheMkI daI zakAto nathI. prabhue ApelA madhamIThA jIvanarasane pIvAmAM mAnava evo to DUbI jAya che ke jIvananI khAlImAM aMte mRtyurasa paNa cAkhavAno che, e bhUlI jAya che. mAnavane jIvanarasanI pichAna che. mRtyunI nathI. mAtra anyanA mRtyu dvArA "mRtyurasa mITho nathI evI kalpanA karavAmAM AvI che. pitAnA mRtyu nimitte lakhelAM pAMca kAvyo "mRtyumaMgalamAM mRtyu pota emane sparzIne jIvananuM baLa pAmyAnuM kavayitrI kahe che. "mRtyu che phUlanI zavyA mRtyu che paMtha ujjavala mRtyu nA jiMdagI-aMta mRtyu amRta-maMgala" * atyaMta svastha citte kavayitrI ahIM mRtyune svIkAre che. have to lahumAM pitAnA mRtyunI vedanAnI osaratI tIkSNatAno anubhava jovA maLe che. e prasannaura have sUkSma thaI niHsImamAM vyApI vaLyAno saMtoSa teo ahIM vyakta kare che. pitAnuM e AtmapuSpa zAzvata pArAvAra-sugaMdhamAM bhaLI gayAnuM teo kahe che. kharyuM kusuma? nA ava sugaMdhamAM vyApaka - vilAI gaI jayota? nA kiraNa tejamAM dyotaka 77 dhanyatA'mAM pitA agamya deze gayA hovA chatAM sUkSmarUpe svajano ane saMtAnonI sAthe ja vasatA hovAnI pratIti thatAM, divya AMtara sahavAsa AnaMdanA sUkSma spaMdana sUro relAve dagI-aMta sureza dalAla Ihalokane "maraNabhUmi' kahe che. ne jhurApAvALA jIvanane mRtyuvata gaNe che. "tamArA patromAMnuM sadgata patinA snehanA IndradhanusamA patromAMthI jharamara P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 312 vahAlanA anubhave sAMtvana pAmI, emAM ja patinA mukhanuM darzana karatI nAyikAnuM citra aneruM che. "ApaNo saMbaMdhamAM janArane nahIM rokavAnI ne AvanArane vadhAvavAnI vAta dvArA janmamaraNa vacce jhUlatI mAnavanI jIvananAvano saMketa Ape che. DALathI vikhUTAM paDelAM phUlonI bhInI najaranA sogaMda ApIne, potAnA mRtyu bAda svajanone, potAne bhUlI javAnI vinaMtinI vAta vinaMti'mAM karAI che. paNa pote to koIne nathI bhUlavAnA, evA nAjuka saMvedana sparza sAthenuM kAraNa ApatAM teo kahe che ke dhULamAM kharI gayA pachI paNa vasaMtanI pAgala havAnA sparzane phUlo bhUlI zakatAM nathI. palakamAM vItI jatA jIvanano ullekha karatAM kavi muThThImAM jIvane pakaDI rAkhanArA mRtyune "kALamukhA pavana sAthe sarakhAve che. "sAthe maLIne ekalA gAvAnuM gadya' ('astitva)mAM kavi sureza dalAle Detha hejha e sTeTasa velyunI sarasa pratIti karAvI che. mRtyu paNa mobhAnuM mUlya dharAve che. lagnamAMthI uThamaNAmAM, ne emAMthI pAchA lagnamAM, eka khaMDamAMthI bIjA khaMDamAM jatA hoya evI saraLatAthI-nA yAMtrikatAthI jatA AjanA mAnavanI AnaMda-vedanA kazAnI paNa anubhUtinA abhAvanI vAta sarasa rIte gUMthI ApI che. "ame marazuM tyAre amArA sivAya koIne zoka nahi hoya'-mAM mAnave gumAvelI saMvedanAno paricaya karAvatAM jIvana ane mRtyu baMne sastAM thayAM hovAnA vAstavane enA nagna svarUpe ApaNI samakSa mUkI Ape che. to "Ajano divasa marI gayo che'mAM ekaeka pasAra thatA divasanA agnisaMskArane kavi mAnavanA ja agnisaMskAranA pUrvarUpa tarIke jANe oLakhAve che. garuDanI smazAnayAtrAnA chapAtA phoTA, ne pataMgiyAnI smazAnayAtrAmAM phUloya na jatA hovAnI vAta karatA kavi pratIkAtmaka rIte pharI pAchA mRtyunA prasaMgane "mobhA'nA prasaMga tarIke oLakhAvAtI AjanI ziSTAcArI rItarasama para kaTAkSa kare che. paNa mRtyu kAMI mAnave pADelA A bhedane gAMThatuM nathI, e vAta paNa teo spaSTapaNe kahe che. "A sAtaso skevara phITanuM sukhamAM bhedane bhUMsI nAkhatA maraNanI vAta, mRtyunA ja sarvatra pravartatA varcasvanuM sUcana kare che. koI virATa yaMtrano bhAga-mAruM ghara'mAM garbhamAMthI thatA janmane, duHkhano paryAya gaNavAmAM AvyA che. "ghara' ahIM khoLiyAnA pratIkarUpe Ave che. "mArA hAtha vinA paNa cahero DhaMkAya che. sapheda cAdarathI" % 'tyAre to ("romAMca) kAvyanI be traNa paMktiomAM mRtyunI vAta ullekhAI che. jemAM pratyeka paLa sAthe samAdhAna karatA maraNane ja ApaNA jIvananI AdhArazilA rUpa gaNAvAyuM che. duniyAnI vidAya letI vyakti potAnAM svajanonuM DUsakuM sAMbhaLI vyathita bane che. "('kALanI zerI" "nAma lakhI dauM') - "vidAya TANe'mAM tethI ja kAvyanAyaka "maraNa mArA dehanuM smaraNanI saurabha 39 kahI AtmAnI ne smaraNanI amaratAne vyakta kare che. vidAya letI vyaktinA jIvAyelA AnaMdamaya jIvananI saurabha potAnA maraNa pachI priyajananA khAlIpAne bharI deze, evI zraddhA kAvyanAyaka dharAve che. eTaluM ja nahi punarjanmamAM pharI maLavAnI AzA ya vyakta kare che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust cahero te

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 313 to "sva. bhUpatabhAIne' aMjali ApatAM kavi sureza dalAlane prazna thAya che. "mRtyu ATaluM badhuM apAradarzaka hoya che ?" 8 janAra to pachI mRtyune potAno mitra banAve nirAMte enI lagolaga besI kyAMka kophI pItuM haze e. enA svajano, are, samagra muMbaInagarI zokasabhAmAM pheravAI jAya che. ekavIsa divasathI sivAI gayelA enA hoThamAM kavi temaja kavi-mitro saunI vedanAne muThThImAM laIne gujarAtI kavitAnA AMgaNamAM mahorelA gulamahoranA jhADane kApavAno nizcaya karIne peluM mRtyu jagadIzanI soDamAM sUteluM kavie joyuM hatuM. ("mANasabhUkhyA mANasane "pirAmiDa) sureza dalAla maraNanA raMgane oLakhI lIdhAno dAvo kare che. teo kahe che. "maraNano raMga kALo hoya che, paNa e haoNspiTalanI dIvAlono dhoLo mekaapa karIne bese che kyAreka e billIpage cUpacApa praveze che to kyAreka e samaDInI jema tarApa mAre che" 81 rastA paranI ebyulansa kyAreka yamano pADo banI javAnA vAstava pratye kavi ApaNuM dhyAna doryA vinA rahI zakatA nathI. kyAreka DhAMkelA, to kyAreka ughADA mRtyu caherA para kAyama mATe cAdara oDhADI devAnuM kahetA kavi aMte to mRtyunA maraNanI ja vAta kare che. sureza dalAla jIvanane aphavA ane maraNane "satya" kahe che. savAra, bapora, rAtane janma, jIvana ane mRtyunA pratIka tarIke varNavatA kavi kahe che. "savAre guDamorniMga kahyuM bapore guDa-AphaTaranUna kahyuM rAte guDa-nAITa kahyuM" 82 camatkAra vinAno camatkAra'mAM bAhya citA TADhI paDyA pachI smRtimAM khaDakAtI ne AMsuthI pavitra banatI citAnI pAvaka javALAno saMdarbha gUMthatAM bhoMThA paDI jatA mRtyune jIvananA camatkAra tarIke oLakhAve che. kavi hemiMgvane yAda kare che, mareluM jIvato mANasa mRtyumAMthI jIvananuM sarjana kema nathI karato? evo mArmika prazna ahIM pUchAyo che. ane jANe nathI nathI') "majA che'mAM marI javAnI majhAnuM varNana kavi kare che. potAnA mRtyu samayanI kalpanA ahIM teoe karI che. eka rAte varasAda paDato haze tyAre emanI citA bhaDabhaDI UThaze, rAtano samaya haze, zvAsa nahi hovAnI nirAMta haze, svajano AsapAsa haze, paNa pote nahi hoya, pachI koI jaLojathA nahi hoya, kevaLa mokaLAza, avakAza ne AkAza ja mAtra. sureza dalAla kahe che, "mRtyu pAmIne ya mANasa kyAM sakhaNo rahe che? thoDAka divasa kyAMka e rahI Avaze pachI pAcho ene onarazIpano phaleTa yAda Avaze, svajano yAda Avaze, ne pachI pharI pAchA e ja rAkha, jaLa, darbha, garbha, aMdhakAra.... punarapi jananam punarapi maraNam zarU thaI javAnA. "riyAjhanI nAyikA jiMdagI karatAM P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 314 mota sAruM hovAnuM kahe che. pAraNe avAvarU kUvA bharyA pUcho motane karuNa kevI jiMdagI ?" 83 ahIM janmatAM pahelAM ja mRtyu pAmelA bALakanI mAno citkAra jiMdagI karatA mRtyune vadhu ISTa gaNe che. to kyAMka smaraNanA bahuvidha raMgomAM "gulamahorI raMgathI mAMDI mRtyu pAmatA manuSyanA nakha jevo smaraNano "rAkhoDI raMga" paNa ullekhAyo che. ('viSama gati' - pR.29) "pAlakhI UMcakavAnI che, ne lAta khAvAnI che. jIvanathI mRtyu lagInI A ja dhruvapaMkti che." A paMktio garbhAzaya ane nanAmIne sAthe gUMthI ApI janmamaraNacakane prasthApita karI Ape che. kavi sureza dalAla janmane asatya, ne mRtyune satya kahe che. janma ane mRtyu vaccenA samayane - jIvanane - "kaMTALA' tarIke oLakhAvatA kavi "mRtyune moTuM pUrNavirAma" gaNe che. mRtyune rokanAra, paDakAranAra sAvitrInI jema mRtyunI sAthe hAtha milAvI pAchA AvanAra dostanI kavine khoja che. "camAnA kAcanI jema - bhAMgI jaze mAro dosta ane AMkhanI kIkI oDhI leze sapheda cAdara" 85 maraNanA raMgane barAbara oLakhI cUkelA kavi mRtyune haoNspiTalanI dIvAlo jevuM aDIkhama gaNAve che. ne pathArInI cAdara jevuM haMmezA patharAyeluM. - narsanI sAravArane bhoMThI pADavA khaDepage UbhuM rahetuM, DaoNkTaronA parAjayanA pILA raMgane pIparamITanI jema mamaLAvatuM mRtyu lokonI lAcArI para sUkI AMkhe hasyA karatuM kavine dekhAya che. "paNamRtyunA bhiDAyelA hoThamAM polAdI saMkalpanI sakhatAI che" 86 je. kRSNamUrtinA tattvajJAnathI prabhAvita evA kavi sureza dalAla tattvajJAna ane kavitAnA pArasparika gUDha saMbaMdhano svIkAra kare che. "niruttara'mAM mRtyu karatAM viSama jiMdagI pratye dhAradAra kaTAkSa thayo che. kAvya nAyaka kahe che "nahi sArelA AMsuomAM kalama boLIne mAyALu (kaTAkSa) vidhie emanA lekha lakhyA che." - tethI to "maravAnuM koI nAma nahi levAnuM ne Ama to mAre ahIMyAM jIvatA rahevAnuM che" 80 kAvyanAyaka potAnA maraNanA vicAra kare che. potAnuM zaba bAjumAM paDyuM hovAnuM anubhavAya che. ("tuM sAthe hoya to) caherApara maraNanA suvALA hAthano sparza bhItarathI teo saMvede che. mRtyune kAvyanAyaka jIvanabAganA aMtima gulAba tarIke oLakhAve che. ("tuM sAthe hoya to' "pavananA azva') mRtyu eTale zuM? e kevuM hoya? eno raMga kevo? mANasa mRtyu pAme tyAre maranArane P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 315 zuM thatuM haze ? A badhA prazno aMge kevaLa kalpanA ja karavI rahI. tethI to kavi ahIM (agAu maraNane kALA raMgavAnuM kahI) prazna kare che. : maraNa barapha jevuM sapheda che. - blekaborDa jevuM kALuM ? " 88 kavi ahIM eka saMvedanasabhara prazna kare che. "mANasa mRtyu pAme pachI kaMI ahIM pRthvI para kazo pheraphAra thAya che kharo? prakRtine kAMI thAya kharuM? hADa jevo mANasa mRtyu pAme tyAre pahADa sUtaka pAme che kharA ? dariyAmAM hoDI DUbI jAya pachI ekAda mojuM paNa DUsakuM bhare che kharuM? mANasa mRtyu pAme che, pachI jagata kAMI badalAtuM nathI, enuM e rahe che. gharanI dIvAla para ghaDiyALa to cAle ja che, mANasa janme che tyAre cAlatI hoya che ema. mRtyu anekarUpe Ave che. kyAreka akasmAta thatA janmanI jema, to kadIka dhIme dhIme prasaratAM roganI jema e Ave che. zayanakhaMDanI pathArI kyAre sTrecaramAM pheravAI jAya e khabara paDatI nathI. jyAre dhIme dhIme acAnaka indriyonA dIvA olavAI jaze enI khabara nathI. mRtyune kAraNe phelAI cUkelA aMdhArAne haThAvavAnI koIpaNa prakAzanI tAkAta nahIM hoya. jANakAro kahe che ke - eka navI yAtrA zarU thaze mane khabara nathI paDatI ke maraNa e pUrNavirAma che - ke alpavirAma?"89 "rastAe nakkI karyuM che ke AkhuM pratIka-kAvya che. rasto mRtyunI rAha jotA ekAkI mAnavanuM pratIka che. rAha jue che rasto DaoNkTaranI, je Dikalera kare ke rasto marI gayo che, paNa e zakya na hovAthI e pote ja potAnI citA goThavaze ane pote ja potAno chevaTano agnidAha deze. harIndra davenI jema sureza dalAle paNa mRtyune khUba prema karyo che. evuM to ghaNIvAra teo anubhave che. ne tethI ja kavi potAnA maraNano yaza mRtyune ApavA mAgatA nathI. paNa"mAM pratIkAtmaka rIte jIvana ane mRtyunA sauMdaryano nirdeza thayo che. "khIle ane karamAya che ethI ja to e phUla che je kadI karamAya nahIM e phUla nahIM paNa zULa che" 0 ahIM jIvana tathA mRtyunA naisargika sauMdaryano ullekha thayo che. "akALa mRtyune kavi bharabapore arIsAmAM olavAI jatA pratibiMba sAthe sarakhAve che. to vedanA paNa have jene sparzatI nathI evI hatAza nirAza kAvyanAyakanI mRtyujhaMkhanA eTalI ja vAramAM vyakta thaI che. jIvanathI chUTavA mATe e mRtyune jhaMkhe che evuM nathI, maraNane sAcA arthamAM pAmavA e icche che. maraNane vyakti tarIke ahIM nirUpyuM che. maraNane kavi maLavA jevI vyakti gaNAve che. kAvya nAyikA maraNanA hAtha chalakAvI devA utsuka che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 316 "huM maraNanA hAtha, chalakAvI daIza, enA khobAmAM, smitanAM aDhaLaka phUlo mUkI daIza." 91 A kAvyanAyikA potAnI jAgRti hasatAM hasatAM maraNane soMpI daI kAyama mATe UMghI javA icche che. "tarasa nAmanI matsyakanyAmAM dunyavI ziSTAcAra para pAcho kavi karuNakaTAkSa kare che. "UMTa' ahIM koIpaNa mAnavanuM pratIka che. e mRtyu pAme tyAre koIka vRkSa zoka pALavAno mAtra cALo kare che, daMbha kare che ne tethI ja to kavi kahe che "maraNa ApaNuM hoya che eTale ApaNe ja ApaNA zoka sAthe ahIMthI cAlyA javuM joIe." ne Ama paNa koInA mRtyuno koI zoka pALe ke na pALe eTalA mAtrathI maraNanI hakIkata kAMI badalAtI nathI. "huM mArA maraNano sarjaka thaIza'no nAyaka maraNane "sUko samudra kahe che. jemAM nAyakanAyikA baMne sAthe sarakaze. baMnenA zaba Izvarane teo sogAdarUpe dharaze. ("samarpaNa') abaghaDImAM "vraja vahAluM re vaikuMTha nathI jAvuM'no bhAva vyakta thayo che. jatA pahelAM pharI ahIM AvavAnI utAvaLa jIvanaprItinuM sUcana kare che. "AMkhane khUNemAM kAvyanAyakanI mRtyune samajavAnI mathAmaNa vyakta thaI che. mRtyu alpavirAma che ke pUrNavirAma te ja samajAtuM nathI. naciketAnI jema ja bALaka banIne karuNAnidhAnane kAvyanAyaka mRtyunuM rahasya samajAvavA vinave che. mRtyu Ave e to samajayA paNa enuM rahasya samajayA vinA, ene oLakhyA vinA ene vaza thavAnuM to na ja game. kavi kavitAthI sadA jIvaMta hovAnI vAta "kavimAM vyakta thaI che. dehanI matA to gauNa che. anila jozI kahe che - kavie ahIM eka jhATake AvatA mRtyunI vAta nathI karI paNa kramazaH thatA motanuM marasiyuM gAyuM che." 2 "have kavinI AthamatI AMkhe nasanA dhorI rastA tUTatA dekhAya che ane lohIno DUbato laya dekhAya che. badhuM dhIme dhIme maratuM dekhAya che. "mRtyu eTale ogaLavuM" indriyo ogaLe che, paNa "indriya' zabda ogaLato nathI. zvAsa laIne A mAnavavaNajhAro thAke che tyAre nAkathI paNa nAto chUTI jAya che. cImaLAyelI cAmaDI sparzano anubhava karI zakatI nathI. ne tethI ja kavi kahe che. sUkA hoThanI pAse rAkho badhuM ja jANe thaMbhI jAya che "paMkhI UDyuM jAya ne pachI kaMpe jarI DALa" 93 AvatIkAlanI salAmatI mATe satata doDatA ne thAkI gayelA mAnavane mRtyu paNa Thapako Ape che. badhA thAkelAone laI javA mATe e ja to rasto taiyAra kare che. mRtyu mAnavane mAnabhera ne salAmata rIte laI javAnI khAtarI Ape che. thAkelAo mATe to mRtyu ja eka visAmo che. svamRtyukalpanA karatAM kavi kahe che jayAre mRtyu emanI pAse Avaze, tyAre teo emanA kavaca ane kuMDaLa (-astitvanA) ApI deze. ne tyAre mRtyune paNa tIvratAthI jIvavAnI jhaMkhanA phUTaze. mALI bAgane uchere tema potAnA zarIramAM pote maraNane ucheryAnI .P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 317 vAta mRtyunI mAvajatanuM sUcana kare che. to potAnI maraNa sAthenI prItanuM paNa vAraMvAra sUcana teonI kavitAmAMthI maLe che. to kyAMka vaLI jIvana ane maraNa baMne jANe mAtra patAvavA mATenA ja kAma hoya e rIte vAta karAI che. potAnA mRtyubAda, potAnA priyajanane thatI smRtine teo maraNa pachInA potAnA "saranAmA' tarIke oLakhAve che. ne vItatA divaso, mahinA, varaso, ne emano Long Distance "phona naMbara." daMbhI jIvana karatAM mRtyunI sugaMdhanuM vizeSa AkarSaNa dharAvatA A kavine tethI ja citAnAM phUlomAM jIvananI sugaMdha Ave che. paDachAyAne pakaDavA mathatI kALI bilADI paNa mRtyunuM pratIka banIne Ave che. koInA paNa mRtyu sAthe koIka aMza mRtyu pAmato hoya to koI paNa jIvana udaya pAme tyAre tenAmAM navuM jIvana mahore che. A satya to mANasane mAyApraveza pachI paNa e mAyAne pAra karI satya sudhI pahoMcavAnI zakti Ape che. sureza dalAla kahe che, "vAMsaLI pragaTa che, sUra apragaTa che, maraNa pragaTa che, jIvana apragaTa che pelA sUranI jevuM ja" 94 kavine aneka prakAranA mana phUTe che. maraNa phUTe che. koIkanI sAthe teo jIve che koIkanI sAthe mare paNa che. emane zaba thaI sUtA AvaDe che. citA para caDatA AvaDe che. kabaramAM daTAtA AvaDe che. kabara paranA phUla thaIne mahekatAM AvaDe che. tethI to pelA ghavAyelA sainikanI vedanAne mArmika rIte zabdabaddha karI zake che. mRtyune kavi "zAMtino paryAya gaNe che. A navI yuddhabhUmino anubhava karato sainika pote khapI gayo hota to sAruM hatuM, ema vicAre che. kAraNa e yuddhamAM ekaja jhATake maravAnuM hatuM. A jIvanayuddhamAM kaTake kaTake kAkhaghoDIe cAlavuM gamatuM nathI. jenA samayano paga kapAyo che evo e sainika have kabaranI zAMti icche che. "mAyApraveza'nA chellA kAvyamAM kavi sureza dalAla eka sagarbhA strInI AnaMdabharI saMvedanAne vyakta karatAM avirata vahetA jIvana pravAhano nirdeza kare che. "eka divasa huM mRtyu pAmIza, mArA pati paNa mRtyu pAmaze ane chatAMyasaMsAranA anaMta jaLamAM amAro dIvo tarato raheze, A ane e paNa mUkI jaze . koIka dIvo" 95 kALanA A mahAsAgaramAM anaMta dIpAvalI vahetI rahe evI jhaMkhanA sevatuM A daMpatI vyaktinA mRtyunI ja vAta doharAve che. vyakti mare che. jIvana maratuM nathI. jIvanatattva to zAzvata kALa sudhI Take che. mAtra enuM rUpa-svarUpa badalAya che, evI zraddhA ahIM vyakta thaI che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 318 nalina rAvale "sainikanuM mRtyu'mAM mRtyunI vAta kAvyamaya rIte karI che. sainikone to roja maraNanI pathArI para sUvAnuM ne? baraphathI thIjelI hADanI soDamAM maraNanI pathArI pAtharIne badhA sainiko sUve che. eka sainikanA mRtyue sUnakAra paNa halI jAya che, ne tArAo AMsu vaDe rAtane bhIjavI de che. to "azvatthAmAnI svagatokti'mAM azvatthAmAne vyakti nahi vRtti rUpe nirUpavAmAM Avyo che. kurukSetranI chAtI para citkAra karatuM tUTI paDatuM aMdhakArapakSI mRtyunI mUrtimaMtatAne pragaTa kare che. kavi kahe che, mRtyu pAmelI vyakti kadAca vadhu sukhI thaI gaI. kAraNa enI AMkha joI zakatI nathI. kAna sAMbhaLI zaktA nathI. mRtyu pAmelA ane sUtelAno pharaka batAvatAM nalina rAvala kahe che, mRtyu pAmelAonA bAhuo bhImanA bAhuonI jema najarane bhIMsatA nathI. nidrita rakSakanA mukha upara pharakI gayeluM smita mRtyu pAmelAonA mukha para pharakatuM kyAreya joI zakAtuM nathI. mRtyu pAmelAonI nAsikA arjunanI jema prakAzatI nathI. yudhiSThiranA mukha para patharAyelI zAMta snigdha AbhA pitA droNanA chedAyelA mastakamAM kyAMthI hoya ? azvatthAmAne draupadInAM pAMca bALakonA Adi, madhya ne aMta poDhelA jaNAyA. enA hRdaye ene raheMsI nAkhavA kahyuM. - "eka nAmerI vRddhane maLatAMmAM sIdho mRtyusaMdarbha nathI, paNa AvI rahelI pelI zAzvata nidrAno nirdeza sUcaka rIte apAyo che. kazeka AgaLa ne AgaLa cAlyA jatA kAvyanAyaka sAMketika rIte Ama to aMte mRtyupaMthe thatA prayANanuM ja iMgita che. "huM vRddha AMkhomAM bharI maNa eka gherI UMghanI UMDI asara' A paMkti pAse thobhavuM paDe ema che. AMkhamAM UMgha nahi paNa UMghanI asara, e kaI UMdha ? A UMgha pachI AvanArA mRtyunI nidrAnI asara? kavie A vize kazuM spaSTa nathI karyuM e ja sAruM che. jANe jAsAciThThI mUkIne koI cAlyuM jatuM hoya ema "maLazuM kadI' kahI te nalina cAlyo gayo" 2 "koIka kyAMka UbhuM chemAM baLatA avAjothI bharyA baLatA nagaranI bahAra, eka gebI sUra raNakato saMbhaLAya che. ne sUranIye pAra sUryabhInA divasanA ne caMdrabhInI rAtrinA pardA pAchaLa, kyAMka koIka (mRtyu ?) kAvyanAyakanI rAha jotuM UbhuM che. nalina rAvalanI kavitAmAM mRtyunA saMketo garbhita rIte Ave che. "eka vRddhanI sAMja'mAM Atmadarzana karatI eka vRddhAnuM suMdara citra mUkAyuM che. lathaDI rahelI AMkhanI kIkI pUche che "e koNa che ? kadAca AvI rahelA mRtyune e jue che. jenI oLakha paDatI nathI, evI koIka saMdezya mUrtie hoTha para aMgAra mUkyo che. vRddhatva ane mRtyune eka sAthe kavie ahIM gUMthyAM che. AvI raheluM mRtyu gherI nIMda tarIke nirUpAyuM che. ("eka nAmerI vRddhane maLatAM') jemAM jAteja agninuM aMjana AMjavAnI vAta mRtyunA svIkAra ane satkAranuM pratIka che. kavi hasamukha pAThaka "koIne kaMI pUchavuM che ? ("namelI sAMja')mAM Adhunika lokonI saMvedanazUnyatA, tathA mRtyu jevI ghaTanA pratyenI lAparavAhInuM sUcana kare che. mRtyunI ghaTanA jo e koInuM hoya to, koIne jANe sparzatI nathI. "rAjaghATa para'mAM paNa karuNa kaTAkSa kavie karyo che. satata kAryarata rahenArA gAMdhI ATalo lAMbo samaya ne ATalAM phUlo nIce mRtyu pAmyA pachI pahelI ne chellIvAra sUtA hovAnI mRtyune nirAMtanI paLa tarIkeya varNavI jAya che. putrI nenditAnA avasAna saMdarbhe pragaTa karelA naditA saMgrahamAM' "tRSNA' kAvyamAM P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 319 azakyanI AkAMkSA karatA tRSNA sabhara mAnavamananA khAlI valakhAMno nirdeza thayo che. mRta svajana to pAchuM kyAMthI AvavAnuM? chatAM tenI smaraNaraja dazyarUpe pAmavA kavi icche che. rUperI DhagalA jevI mulAyama e bALakIne pakaDavA kAvyanAyaka jhApaTa mAre che. vasaMtasparza'mAM IsunA vadhano, krosano karuNa saMdarbha che. vinAza pachI sarjananA aMkuranI havA laIne vasaMta Ave che. ghAyala thayelI lohItaraboLa bhUmi vasaMtala sparzathI zAMti pAme che. jANe IsunA khabhA parathI koIke krUsabhAra upADI na lIdho hoya ? mRtyu poteya thAkI gayuM hoya tema vasaMtasparza saheja zAMtino anubhava karI letuM haze ? - bhaktikavitAe vrajane vaikuMThathI vahAluM gayuM che. vasuMdharAnI suMdaratA svargamAMya nathI. svarga AnaMdadhAma kharuM, paNa tyAM AMsu nahi, maraNano zoka nahi. pinAkina ThAkore "svarga taNuM zuM kAma ? ("ekaja palaka ajaMpa')mAM potAno dharatInI dhULano prema A rIte vyakta karyo che. ahIM ramya rAga, madhura amRta che. saumya zAtA, ne sohAgI smita che. kavine mokSa nathI joIto, to "pravAsa vaLato'mAM kavi pinAkina ThAkora pRthvI sAthenA pUrA thayelA milananI, jIvananI musApharI pUrI thayAnI vAta kare che. have vaLato pravAsa karavAno, mULa sthAne javAnuM. vidAyanuM duHkha nathI, vidAyane teo "madhura' kahe che. "sau sAthanI madhura laI rahyAM vidAya le "prIti ajita'mAM mAnavane kavi eka pravAsI tarIke varNave che. "vidAya thAvuM vaLatAM ja vahANe pravAsIthI kaM karazo na prIta" 97 prayANa samaye svajana pAya 5kaDI le che. premano pAza ajita che. kavi hemaMta desAI jIvanane aMte jAtane chelluM gIta gAI levA kahe che. (1chelluM gIta" iMgita) kAvyanAyakane satkAravA jhAlara bAjI UThe che. bhairavI unmukta kaMThe ulaTabhera sudUra gAjI UThe che. prAcInuM moM hasuM hasuM thAya che. kavine mana jIvana aMdhAra che, mRtyu prakAza. paccIsI pUrI thatAMmAM varSagAMTha nimitte mRtyaciMtana rajU thayuM che. varSagAMTha e aMta taraphanI gati che. jiMdagIno AraMbha thayo, eTale aMta paNa hovAno. e badhAne khabara hovA chatAM sau varSagAMTha manAve che. paNa pachInA janmanuM AzvAsana paNa emAM bhaLeluM che. aMta sAthe bIjo AraMbha (punarjanma) thavAno. "kharatuM pAna'mAM vRddhatvane aMte mAyA na choDI zakAvAnI vAtanI sAthe sAthe kharatuM pAna bIjAM taruNa pAMdaDAne jagyA karI ApavA, kharI javA taiyAra che, haiyAmAM lAkha abhilASa chatAM have kharI javAnuM che, e satyane pragaTa kare che. mAyA nathI choDI zakAtI vRkSanI, A DALanI levA daIne anyane jIvana navuM basa, jAuM chuM Aje kharI" 98 nimAyuM nA'mAM mRtyu samaye hasavuM hovA chatAM hasI na zakAyAnI vyathA vyakta thaI che. (mRtyune sahaja rIte svIkArI na zakAyAnI vyathA) ("heMka najaronI maheMka sapanonI) kaheze nahIMmAM mRtyunI anivAryatAno nirdeza karatAM kavi kahe che. "je javAnA che, jaze, raheze nahi. sAMja paDaze, sUrya zuM DhaLaze nahi" 99 . P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri MS. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 320 janAra to basa jAya che, adRzya thAya che. ene joI zakavAnI ApaNI maryAdAno paNa ahIM nirdeza thayo che. zizumRtyu pachInA viSAdane "have' kAvyanA uttarArdhamAM vyakta karAyo che. cittanA samAdhAna pachInI zAMtinI ahIM vAta che. svajanamRtyu aMte vizALa dRSTi Ape che. vizvanAM bALako potAnAM ja hovAnuM mAnI sakala vizvamAM abhiramatA zizu svaramAM potAnA zizusvarano AlApa kavi anubhave che. paNa ghera pahoMcatAM pAchI e ja mAnavasahaja vyathAno anubhava thAya che. mRtyuzadhyA paranA pIDita duryodhana jevI sthitinA anubhavanI vAta "mRtyune' (1) kAvyamAM vyakta thaI che. kASThanI cehathI jalavuM e kAMI duHkhadAyaka nathI. "mRtyu vasamuM nathI' mRtyunI chAya nIce sadA yathArtha jIvavuMya vasamuM nathI. paNa jIvatAM jIvata mRtyuno anubhava dajhADe che. jIvananI nirarthakatAne lIdhe kAvyanAyaka mRtyujhaMkhanA seve che. to "mRtyune-2'mAM mRtyune kavi "kaThora' kahe che. "pralaMba bhuja, dIrgha dRSTi aticaMDa, tuM mRtyu re 9 AvuM mRtyu kaThora hovA chatAM anivArya paNa che ja. . - svajana mRtyu pAmatAM tenI skUla nahi to sUkSmarUpe, smaraNasaMdarbhe hayAtI rahe ja che. e vAta hIrAblena pAThake sadgata pati rAmanArAyaNa pAThakane udezI lakhelA paraloke patramAM jovA maLe che. patine pAchA pharavA vinaMti karatAM kAvyanAyikA-kavayitrI tarata haLavI ne sahaja rIte vAstavano svIkAra kare che. "eTale ja kahuM chuM janAra to jAya che. ADA hAtha kai devAya che" ?" 11 chellAne aDhAramAM patramAM kavayitrInA cittanI eka UMcI bhUmikAnAM darzana thAya che. jyAM janma, jIvana, mRtyu badhuM ja ekAkAra banI gayuM che. have Ihaloka paralokanA bheda rahyA nathI. DAhyAbhAI paTelanI kavitA temaja emAM AvatuM mRtyaciMtana baMne sAmAnya kakSAnAM che. "UDo amara haMsalAmAM AtmAne AbhamAM UDavAno anurodha karAyo che. DAhyAbhAI kahe che, maraNa e kAMI aMta nathI, ke nathI yAtrAnuM e dhAma. (kAvyaparimala") kavi kahe che "mRtyune koI zakti rokI zakatI nathI. prema paNa mRtyune khALI zakato nathI. jo ke mRtyune teo "bIjo janma" to gaNAve ja che. ne jarjaritano nAza karI navAnuM nirmANa karavAnuM hoya to pachI "hRdayamanane zoka zo' ? "jIvanaphUla'mAM AyuSyane phUla sAthe sarakhAvI, jIvananI kSaNabhaMguratAne kavi vAcA Ape che. mATImAMthI sarjAyeluM jIvanapuSpa zuM mATImAM maLI javAnuM? evo prazna karI pAchA teo evI paNa zraddhA vyakta kare che ke, pukha khIlIne plAna thayuM che. enuM mRtyu nathI thayuM. navo janma dharI, pote zRMgAra banI dharatIne zobhAvaze, bIjanuM navuM mRdu aMkura phUTaze. "puSpanuM kadI maraNa hotuM nathI' evI zraddhA mAnava AtmAnI amaratAno saMketa kare che. kAvyanAyakane maraNanI ke khAkha thavAnI paravA nathI. paNa snehIo jIvatA jalAve enI ciMtA che. ('tame jIvato jalAvo cho') P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 321 kavi DAhyAbhAI nanAmIne sapharano aMta gaNavAnI nA pADe che. ("nanAmInI saphArIne) ene teo AkharI maMjhila gaNatA nathI. uSAsaMdhyA vacce rAtrino paDado che. tema navA jUnA jIvana vacce "maraNano paDado' che ema kavi mAne che. mRtyunuM prAbalya badhe hovAnuM anubhavatAM kavayitrI surezA majamudAra aMte mRtyune, mAyA, mada ane madavRSA, bhavavRSA, TALatA gUDha, tattva, sattva tarIke oLakhAve che. mRtyunA anubhavane teo advitIya gaNAve che. mRtyunI pele pAra zuM raheluM che e jANavA mathatI mAnavajAtane eno sarvasAmAnya uttara maLato nathI. paraMtu ArSadarzanathI aneka kavio emAM ananya mAMgalyanAM darzana kare che. to vaLI tarata ja svajanamRtyune na bhUlI zaktI mAtA ahIM mRtyune phiTakAra paNa Ape che. mRtyunuM sAmrAjaya sthUla jagatamAM bhale hoya, paNa sadgatanI smaraNa surabhine e naSTa karI zakatuM nathI. tyAM mRtyu parAsta thAya che. kyAreka kavayitrI AkrozamAM AvI jaI mRtyune "DAku' kahe che. jigarano kaTako mRtyue chinavI lIdho che ne? mRtyune mahAta karavA nIkaLelAM kavayitrI mRtyu pAsethI bhagIratha prayatna vaDe potAnA putrane pAcho meLavavA talase che. paNa pachI tarata vAstava samajAya che. * mRtyunI svachaMdatAthI teo sabhAna bane che. vizvamaMdira kerAM zuM dvAra jIvana mRtyu be ? praveza dvAra pahelAthI, bIjethI bahAra nIsare ?" para paNa mRtyunuM bhArekhama prAbalya priyasmRtine mArI zakatuM nathI enuM emane AzvAsana che. mRtyu thAtAM priya uravasI mAratA mRtyune je te haiyAMthI smRti priyataNI nA tuM bhUMsI zake che" 183 kavi jayotiSa jAnI bilADIne mRtyunA pratIkarUpe varNave che. ('phINanI dIvAlo) e ja kALI bilADI enA cAre paga laMbAvI mUchane jIbhathI bhInI karI bhakSyane tINA nahora mArI uSNa lohIno svAda mANe che. jIva mRtyuno zikAra bane che. tyAre dazya bhayAnaka lAge che. paNa to ja peluM punarapijanana, punarapimaraNanuM cakra cAle ne? "ghara" kAvyamAM jIva cAlI jatAM zarIrarUpI "ghara' pheMkAI jatuM hovAnI vAta jayotiSa jAnIe karI anugAMdhIyuga - mRtyunuM svarUpa, mRtyu pAmelI vyaktinuM varNana, smazAna ane citAvarNana kavi harizcaMdra bhaTTa "rudrane' kAvyamAM vyApaka arthamAM mRtyunA tAMDavanI-vinAzanI vAta kare che. zivanA bhayAnaka tAMDavanRtyanuM pralayakArI svarUpa kavi ahIM varNave che. kavi paNa jANe vinAzamUrti rudranI sAthe spardhA mAMDe che. - praphlAda pArekha "divaMgata gurudevane'mAM ravIndranAthanA jIvanakAryanI bhavyatA pAse mRtyunI vAmaNAI ane bhoMThapano ullekha kare che. kavinI bhavya jiMdagI pAse mRtyunI zI visAta? jiMdagI levA AvanAra e mRtyu amaratva ApIne jAya che. - kavi rAjendra zAha ("dhvani') "anAgata'mAM viziSTa rIte mRtyunA rUpa svarUpanuM kutUhala kAvyamaya zailImAM rajU karyuM che. "anAgata' (mRtyu) ne samajI ke vAMcI zakAtuM na hovA chatAM kavineNa ene nihALavA utsuka che. anAgatanuM svarUpa prasanna hoya ke taptacitta, P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 322 e vRti dhAraNa karanAra haze, ke kyAreka atyaMta krodhamAM (mRtyunAja judA judA mijAja) chatAM enI sAthe saMgati to anivArya ja che. "zeSa abhisAramAM rAjendra zAhe kareluM mahimA rUDha mRtyunuM varNana jIvaMta ane gauravapUrNa che. mRtyunA AgamananI vAta paNa atyaMta nAjuka rIte kAvyamaya zailImAM kahevAI che. mRtyune kavi ahIM "zyAmavaraNuM' kahe che. e zyAma oLAne kAvyanAyikAe oLakhI lIdho che. mRtyue bhUrakhane DhAMkI deto aMcaLo oDhyo che. zukranA tArAnI jema mAtra enI be AMkho jhagamage che. mRtyunA AliMgane nAyikA premanuM madhupAna kare che. ene cahere apUrva saumya zAMti, teja, prema, madhupAnano paricaya maLe che. AgamanI'no kAvyanAyaka manathI jANe mRtyunIye pele pAra vihare che. ('kSaNa je ciraMtana) ne tyAM jaI amRtanuM pAna kare che. bArI pAsenI niSparTa DALa para beThelA naryA aMdhakAramAMthI ghaDAyelA mRtyunA pratIka samA ghuvaDanI sAme maMDAtI kAvyanAyakanI najara, bhAvi mRtyuno aNasAra ApI jAya che. ("khAlIghara') "viSAdane sAda'mAM kavi kahe che. . vyaktinuM mRtyu thatAM gaMdha, nAma, rUpa, raMga badhuM ja svAhA thaI jatuM hoya che. mRtyu sAthe mAnava niHzeSamAM vyApta banI jAya che. ne pharI javAlApuMjamAMthI amIkuMja laI prabhave che eka AbhApuruSa. (navajanma?) jIvAtmAne zarIranA mRtyu samaye koIka navI ja oLakhano thato anubhava "navI oLakha'mAM vyakta thayo che. mRtyupaLe sau svajanothI vikhUTA paDavAnuM, aMte cheka sudhI sAthe rahelAM pelAM pAMca tattvo, teja, vAyu, AkAza, pANI ane pRthvIthIye vikhUTA paDavAnuM Ave che. sAthe rahelAM e pAMca tattvoya aMte zarIrane choDI jAya che. "kALa para dharAya caraNa'mAM kavi divasanI jema rAtrineya karmazIla gaNAve che. divasa jIvananuM ne rAtri mRtyunuM pratIka che. kavi uzanasa ne bhaDabhaDatI citA joIne samayanI sutIkSNa aNadITha dADha vaDe bAkI rahelA bhakSyane ohiyA karato tathA kRza thayelA zarIrane (zabane) cATato citAgni yAda Ave che. mRtyarUpI siMha potAnI analarUpI vALa satata AmathI tema phelAvato, phaMgoLato dekhAya che. kavi uzanase potAnA pitAnA mRtyu samaye pitAnI svasthatAnI tathA cittazAMtinI vAta karatAM, jANe pitA emanuM bhagavuM vastra na badalI rahyA hoya evI anubhUtine vAcA ApI che. "huM muja pitA' nAmanA saoNneTamAM to pitAnA mRtyunI sAthe sAthe kavie potAnA mRtyune, zabane nihALyuM che. pitAjInI khATa para sUtAM sUtAM temane sva-mRtyudarzanano jANe anubhava thAya che. potAnA mRtyune svastha citte teo joI zake che. je niHsaMgatAno virala anubhava gaNAya. "vaizAkhI sIma" ("spaMda ane chaMda')mAM kavi uzanasa smazAnanuM vAstavalakSI nirUpaNa kare che. bhaDathuM thayelA divasanI bhaDabhaDatI citAno ahIM ullekha che. zarUmAM mRta zarIranI taDAka daI tUTatI naso, baLatA hADakAnA gaMdhakanI vAsa, phATatI khoparIno avAja, lIlA lAkaDAno vicitragaMdhI dhumADo-vagerenuM bhayAnaka varNana kavi kare che, ne pachI sAMja paDyuM TharatI citA kavine zivajInA kapALamAMnI sukhaDanI bIja, tathA navajIvananA pAMgaratA aMkuranI pratIti karAve che. citAnI e bhasma para bhagavAnanI kRpAnuM sudhA prokSaNa thatAM navAMkuranI AzA baMdhAya che. A smazAna janma maraNa janmanA avirata cakranI pratIti . P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 0 323 karAve che. vizvajananI svarUpamAM bAnA dehAMta pachI gharamAM badhuM ja jananIrUpa banelI sabharatA kavi anubhave che. ne "jAtakakathA'mAM pUrvajanma ane punarjanmano saMdarbha vaNatAM baMnemAM potAnI A ja jananI hovAnI pratItinI daDhatA kavie rajU karI che. "abhijJAnamAM paNa punarjanma kathanI ja rajU thaI che. judAM rUpa dharI jananI janmaze toya teo sahejamAM oLakhI javAnA, evo AtmavizvAsa vyakta thayo che. mAtA taru banIne janme to enI zItala chAyAthI ja kavi ene pAmI, oLakhI javAnA, ne grISmaRtumAM jananIne yAda karatAM amastAM ja neNa jaLa bharAze tyAre jananI ja enA para chAyA dharaze, ne kavi ene pAmI oLakhI jaze. puSpa" kAvya uzanasa nA Inner Being no paricaya Ape che. jemAM tRNaveze potAnA pura pradeze AvelA atithinI kavi vAta kare che. pAMca nAnI raMgachAMTI pAMdaDI saheja laharI aDatAM kaMpI UThe che. ne kavicittane harI le che. "paMcAguli pakaDI dhUmuM vanavanataNI yuga yuga taNI vIthi vIthi pAchI jIvuM mArA hajAro janmanI jAtakakathA" 104 paMcAguli eTale paMcamahAbhUta ? kavi uzanas mRtyu pAmelI vyaktinuM halabalAvI nAkhe evuM svabhAvokti sabhara varNana kare che. ("rUpanA laya') "adhUrI carcAnA adhUrA rahelA vAkyasamuM khulluM mho ughADI AMkhonI stabdhatA" hama "ane jyAM DAdhunI svajanataNI ToLI ghara jatI ghare jAsAciThThI kazIka lakhI'tI cokaDIvaLI" 0 mAM mRtyunI eMdhANInuM varNana dhAradAra che. svajanane smazAne mUkI AvyA pachI lAgatA mRtyunA bhayanI tIvratAnuM vedhaka nirUpaNa kavie ahIM karyuM che. mRtyu have game tyAre potAnuM dvAra khaTakhaTAvaze evuM lAge che. "ane mArI"mAM kAvyanAyakano mRtyuno anubhava paramavizrAMtibharyo varNavAyo che. kavi kahe che. - "hajAro gAunI kaLatI rahI zrAMti maraNamAM" 107 maraNa nAmanI UMghamAM jiMdagInI sIme mRtyarasane sabhAnapaNe cagaLatA hovAnuM kavi (kAvyanAyaka) kahe che. mRtyusamayanA anubhavanI kalpanAsabhara saMvedanA ahIM rajU thaI che. kAvyanAyakane mRtyunA sparzano sarpa zo lIso ne zItaLa anubhava thAya che. jayaMta pAThaka "raNa" kAvyamAM koI judI ja bhUmikAe maraNanI vAta karI che. AkhuM AkAza baLI gayelA kAgaLa jevuM, paNa have e AkAzanuM UMTathI alaga koI astitva P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 324 nathI. vyaktinI AMkha mIMcAvA sAthe ja vyakti mATe to AkAza vilupta thatuM hoya che. have e AkAza meza khAIne AMkhamAM dadaDe che. aMtima samaye che, che ne nathI, nathI jevA lAgatA badhA saMbaMdho kharI paDe che. "raNadvIponAM lIlAM chogAM mRgajaLa upara tare" 108 A mRgajaLa tarasane ThAratuM nathI, tarasane mAratuM nathI, paNa tarasane tIvra banAve che. che. ne bIjAmAM samajaNa pachI prApta thayelI zAMti che. svajanano deha lAkaDI jevo banI bhaDabhaDa baLe che. parANe rAkhelo saMyama ne svasthatA tUTe che. dabAyeluM DUsakuM kaMThathI sarI paDe che. svajananA smaraNanI rAkhane saMgharI svajano haMmezAM hRdayane smazAna jevuM karI mUke che. mAnavInA bhAgyamAM capaTI rAkha banI javAnuM ja nirmAyuM che. paNa pachI tarata nirveda, paritApa kavi khaMkherI nAkhe che. anaMta gatimAM badhuM sUkSmarUpe jIvAtuM jANe jovA maLe che. "na mRtyu, paNa cetanA taNI lIlA ja A saMskRti vaTa avadhi kAlano ramatI kAla kerI kRti" pas mAM mRtyunA astitvanoja inkAra karAyo che. jIvanataTe AvI pahoMcelA kAvyanAyakanI chelavellA saune maLI levAnI icchA "maraNa ghaDIe'mAM vyakta thaI che. ("sarga') mRtyu pachI pote to paradezI thaI javAnA. kayA deze vasavAnA e khabara nathI. eTalI khabara che ke mRtyu pachI sadehe to svajanone maLI zakAvAnuM nathI. emano chello zvAsa svajananuM chAnuM DUsakuM banI rahevAnuM. mRtyunI kSaNane subhagapaLa kahI che. yamane kAvyanAyaka AMgaNa sudhI, ubara vaTAvI, pathArI para AvI besI gayelo anubhave che. yama potAnA himakarathI maranAranA bhAle sparza karIne beTho che. kAvyanAyakane Azcarya thAya che. mRtyuno Dara nathI, paNa mRtyunA AgamananI sabhAnatA jarUra che. bAhya temaja hRdayanA "aMtarIkSa'ne joI zakatA kavi jayaMta pAThakane thAya che ke, mRtyu pachI A paMcatattvanI ghaTanAnuM ghanarUpa-eno AMtarabhAvamaya koSa, paricita, premamaya banelA paMcatattvanAM vibhinna rUpomAM bhaLI jaze e kaMI ochuM saubhAgya nathI. jIvana . jagata prakRti, velI haraNAM, tarala taraNAM, pratyenI kAvyanAyakanI prIta ene mRtyune uMbarethI paNa pAcho vALe che. mamatA choDI mRtyutAre hoMze hoMze javuM agharuM che. ("agharuM naciketA thavAnuM') "gAmanA smazAnamAM rAte" ("zULI upara seja')mAM kavi jayaMta pAThaka masANanuM AbehUba varNana kare che. yamadUtanA bikALavA mukhajoNe kUtarAnuM samUharudana, kaNabhInA vRkSa paranA ghuvaDanA "mUo'nA maMtara, masANiyAnI chAnI gusapusa, tathA dhUNI oDhI moM lagI raDatI, poka mUkatI bhUtAvaLonuM citra bhayapreraka che. IzvaracaMdra bhaTTa "kharatAM parNa' ('parNarava')mAM smazAnatimire kaMpI rahetAM karAla mukhagAtra ane taDataDatI citAnuM varNana kare che. eka vakhatanuM gAjatuM baLavAna zarIra citA para baLIne khAkha thaI jAya che, to "muktiparva nAmanAM kAvyomAM sadUgata patnIne teo P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 325 vidyutasamI gaNAve che. sUkSmadeze, AtmasvarUpe, sadgata patnI garuDavege vyomamAM vihAra karatI teo kahyuM che. Adhunika nagarasaMskRtinA pokaLa svarUpane samajatA thayelA niraMjana bhagatane savAranuM svapana sAMje bhagna, khaMDita thayeluM dekhAya che. apUrNa jiMdagInI zUnya ekalatAnA rahasyano pAra pAmavA mathato mAnava mRtyuneja jiMdagI mAnI AtmapratAraNAmAM sare che. tene pratIti thAya che ke "A to sau nitya janme ne pAchAM nitya ja mare (paraMtu kaMka evAM ye ke je pAchAM na ho pharyA vaLI che keTalAM ye je janmatAM veMta ho maryA) ogaLI jAya sau rAtri aMdhakAramAM" 110 mRtyune "rUpAMtara' tarIke oLakhAvatA priyakAMta maNiyAra "rUpAMtara' kAvyamAM mRtyu pAmelI vyaktinuM AbehUba varNana kare che. caitanya lupta thaI gayA pachI zarIranA aMgo kAma karatAM baMdha thaI jAya che. kaMpa ane halanacalana vinAnAM e aMgo anyane DarAve che. mRta vyaktine kavi pASANanA timirazilpa sAthe sarakhAve che. jo ke pachI tarata ja e pretasamuM tattva prabhAtanA komala teja jevI goThaDI mAMDatuM kAvyanAyakane lAge che. cikakaTa aMdhakArathI mukta thaI e preta jANe anya rUpa dhare che. koI prakAzaparNa phUTe che. ne sunIla mahotsava jANe horI UThe che. ne paMkhIno prasanna TahukAra paNa. gItAbdana kavinA "kAla' nAmanA kAvyamAM Ama to smazAnanuM varNana che. paNa ahIM janma-maraNanA cakrane kavayitrIe suMdara rIte varNavyuM che. kavayitrI AzAvAdI che. "sau kSaNanAM sukho che.' evAM hatAza vacano zuM vadavAnAM? kAraNa tyAM ja bAjumAM eka navAMkura phUTyuM che. sarasa kUNA aMkuranuM prakaTana koI zizunA janmanuM pratIka che maraNa pachI janma che ja. 'punarapi janana, punarapi maraNaM'. jyAM anekanAM zarIra sigareTanI jema saLagIne aMte rAkha banI jAya che. AvA smazAnane sureza dalAla eka virATa ezaTaeN tarIke oLakhAve che. "camatkAra vinAno camatkAra'mAM bAhya citA TADhI paDyA pachI smRtimAM khaDakAtI ne AMsuthI pavitra banatI citAnI pAvakavALAno saMdarbha gUMthatAM bhoMThA paDI jatA mRtyune jIvananA camatkAra tarIke oLakhAve che. maraNanA raMgane barAbara oLakhI cUkelA kavi sureza dalAla, mRtyune hospiTalanI dIvAlo jevuM aDIkhama gaNAve che. ne pathArInI cAdara jevuM haMmezAM patharAyeluM. "hamaNAM hamaNAM' kAvyamAM kAvyanAyaka "marI javAnA umaLakA' vize vAta kare che. ("ghaTanA') eno jIva zarIranI bahAra nIkaLavAne jhaMkhe che. sureza dalAle vyaktinA mRtyu samayanI kSaNanuM sarasa varNana karyuM che. mRtyu pAmIe tyAre ApaNuM saranAmuM thoDuMka kaMpe che. DelI thoDIka thathare che. paNa vizvamAM koI pheraphAra thato nathI. maranAra vyaktinuM badhuM ja dhIme dhIme maratuM jAya che. daSTi ane zravaNendriya jAya che, nasanA dhorI rastA tUTe che. lohIno laya DUbe che. sureza dalAla, mRtyu ane jIvana vaccenA maunane havA jevuM pAtaLuM nahi paNa, sAgara vaccenA P.P. Ac: Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 326 aDIkhama khaDako jevuM apAradarzaka, aspaSTa ne adazya gaNAve che. je pelA phUla jevA zabdone masaLI nAkhe che. maraNa ramya bane e mATe jIvana ane maraNa vacce Communication thavuM joIe ema kavi mAne che. nArAyaNanA pitA ajAmilanA mRtyu samayanI enI cittasthiti, tathA saMvedanAnuM hasamukha pAThake "aMta ghaDIe ajAmila'mAM sarasa varNana karyuM che. ('sAyujaya') yamarAjanA oLA ene bhayAnakatA arpe che. UMDI khAImAM jANe kheMcI jAya che. mRtyuno bhaya satAve che. tethI kadIye je putrane eNe prema nathI karyo, enuM zaraNuM e zodhe che. tArAonA prakAzamAM bhaLI gayelI nArAyaNanI mAneya A miSe ajAmila yAda karI le che. e kahe mane bhaya che dIkarA A rAta huM nahi kADhuM" * e kahe che, "Aje caMdra nahi Uge' arthAta e pahelAM enuM mRtyu thaze. aMtima ghaDIe e ko divya virala aNadITha rUpane "nArAyaNa'nA rUpane jovA cahe che. | vinoda adhavaryu, smazAnanA bhasma DhagalA vacce rahI navAM khIlelAM phUle AnaMda mhorI UThe che. smazAnanA naryA bhasma DhagalAmAMya kaMIka navuM aMkurita jotI daSTine navAMkuranuM khAtara teo gaNe che. jalatI citAo jANe ene hUMpha Ape che. e smazAnavAsI potAnI calamamAM nitya mRtyune jANe phUMkI rahyo che. kavi hemaMta desAI "chelluM gIta'mAM jIvanajagata sAthenA milApanI chellI rAte potAnI jAtane chelluM gIta gAI levA kahe che. potAnuM bALaka mRtyu pAmatAM vyathita banelI mA aMte vizvanAM bALakone ja potAnAM bALako mAnI ('have') sakala vizvamAM abhiramatA zizu svaramAM potAnA zizusvarane AlApato anubhave che. jo ke anyanA bALakane premataraboLa karI detI strInI premaghelI vatsalatA Ama to e vyathita nArInA valavalATanuM ja darzana karAve che. hemaMta desAI kahe che jagatanI cosara para yatheccha mhAlatA A mAnavorAne mRtyu sahejamAM haDapa karI le che. kyAreka mRtyu pote AvIne zikAra kare che. to kadIka virATa evA enA mukhamAM bhakSya ApoApa jaI paDe che. mRtyunI cAlane kavi cAturyapUrNa, akaLa, ne nigUDha kahe che. jIvanaasthinA piMDa para potAnA dAMta bharAvI, potAnA ja raktane cUsI, emAM ja sukha mANI rAcatA thAna zA jIvanaarthIo maraNane niMde che. ("sonala mRga'). anugAMdhIyuga - mRtyu maMgala muktidAtA alaukika divya kavi rAjendra zAhanuM "zeSa abhisAra' kAvya ("dhvani) maMgalamRtyunA milananuM kAvya che. mRtyunA AgamananI "zubha mAMgalyanI ghaDIno anubhava karatI nArInA abhuta saMvedananuM A kAvya che. "zeSa abhisArane dhIrubhAI ThAkara zreSTha saMvAda kAvya tarIke oLakhAve che. mRtyune priyatama kalpI ene AliMgavA utsuka banavuM e eka anokhI ghaTanA che. kAvyanAyikA priyatamamRtyunA AgamananAM pagalAM sAMbhaLatAM sau svajanone khAmoza thaI javA kahe che. mRtyu samaye kakaLATa na zobhe, na AMsu. mahiSArUDha mRtyunuM citra jIvaMta ane P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Sun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 9327 gauravapUrNa che. priyatama yamadevatAnA mahiSanI Doke bAMdhelA ghUgharAnA dUrathI AvatA raNakAra, paNa ene to khUba ja najIka hovAnuM anubhavAya che. kAna mAMDIne e beThI che. e dhImo mITho dhUghara-raNakAra anya koIne na paNa saMbhaLAya. kAvyanAyikAe priyatama mRtyune oLakhI lIdhuM che. samajI paNa lIdhuM che. tethI ja AnaMdabhera eno svIkAra karavA e tatpara che. "ajANyA sukhano kevo aMge romAMca vyApato" 1 mRtyu pIDAkArI nahi, sukhada ane muktidAtA hovAnI pratIti thAya che. priyatama AvI pahoMcatAM mAMgalyanI e parama kSaNe kAvyanAyikA paricArikA (svajanone potAne zaNagAravAno Adeza Ape che. "kaMkunI koranA pAnetara thakI mane sajo, ne sarva sIMgAre sohAvo kSaNa lagnanI dIpane pragaTAvI, jo mUko, pelA khUNA mahIM gati nA vAyunI jene aMdhAruM aDake basa" 12 priyatama khUba nikaTa Avato jANI strI kahe che "Ave che pachI sAmasAmI AMkha maLe che. mRtyune e kahe che. Ava he harSavardhana animeSa drago tArI kare che snehavarSaNa aMganI Aga, saMtApo cittanA sarva zAmatA nAu jamanA kerA jale huM hema-zItala" 113 zeSa abhisAranuM nRtya AraMbhAya che. jANe mRdaMgo vAge che. maMda maMda avAje grahonuM vRMdavAdana saMbhaLAya che. havAnu zAMta haiyuM e vArdeitronA raNakArathI saheja halI rahyuM che. "adhIrA aMgamAM mArA tAlanA zata spaMdano jAge che, priya che cAlo 114 potAnA zeSAbhisAranI dhanya maMgalaveLAnA sukhAnubhava vakhate bhavyamaMgala avasare koIkanuM DUsakuM kAvyanAyikAthI nathI sahevAtuM. mRtyu ane kAvyanAyikAnuM saMpUrNa advaita sadhAya che. priya prANane tyajavAnI veLA AvI gaI. eya have alaga thaI jaze. "mRtyu e ja paramAtmA, paramAtmA e ja mRtyu nAyikA kahe che, "UTho, AlaMbane dhArI aMguli mAharI UTho mRtyune potAnI sAthe cAlavA kahe che. rAtrinA zeSa bhAganA zItala aMdhakAramAM toDInI gatamAM A paramamRtyune vadhAvatuM koIka sukomala gAna gAya che. jyotamAMthI UThatI dhUmralekhA jevuM. koInA mRtyunA) komaLa sparza kAyA jANe halavA mAMDe che. mRtyunA AliMgane jANe premAmRta pAnano anubhava thAya che. mRtyapriyatamAne jIva kahe che. "have sparzanA vastranI jarUra nathI. zruti nathI. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 328 dRSTinAM darzana nathI. badhuM divyatama banI gayuM che. mRtyu ane kAvyanAyikAnuM saMpUrNa advaita (jIvana mRtyunuMya) sadhAya che. "vidAya veLAe" ("zruti')mAM kokanA (mRtyunA) vahAlabharyA sparzano anubhava thato, saune chellA juhAra karI cAlyA jatA jIvanA jhAkaLajalamAM nhAvAno ne avara vizvanA divyazItala anubhavano ullekha thayo che. "AgamanI' ('kSaNa je ciraMtana')nA kAvyanAyakanuM manapaMkhI mRtyunIye pele pAra vihare che. ne tyAM jaI amRtanuM pAna kare che. AtmA jANe anaMtamAM sarake che. sarvatra prakAza ane mAdhuryano e anubhava kare che. "uMbara para' ('kSaNa je ciraMtana') kAvyamAM pratIkAtmaka rIte mRtyusaMdarbha gUMthAyo che. jIvana ane mRtyunA saMgamatIrthe UMDA jalane pravAha kAvyanAyakanuM mana maMdamaMda vahe che. mRtyu pachInA maMgalane deza ekala pariMda samo e prayANa kare che. e nirAvaraNa deza eno deha tejarUpa bane che. "kSaNa mahIM enA vAyumaMDalane tIra pAmuM navuM zarIra" " zarIra tyajyA pachI navuM zarIra pAmyAno anubhava kare che, ne chatAM e uMbarane dAra sau paricita lAge che. "bAraNe" ("madhyamAM')mAM kAvyanAyakane AvelA eka vicitra svapnano nirdeza che. sarasa zaNagAra sajI beThelI saubhAgyavatI strI, zveta vastrathI sajja kAne kuMDaLa dharAvatA vAcaka abhyAgatanI sAthe cAlI nIkaLe che. jene rokI zakAtA nathI. (mRtyu divya alaukika rUpa dharI patnIne laI javA AvyAno nirdeza) "nAciketa'mAM prasanna vadane sAme cAlI yamAlaye jaI mRtyunuM rahasya jANavA gayelA atiprasiddha naciketavRtAMtano nirdeza che. jeNe pachI kALaneya jItyo hato. ("ikSaNA') anaMtane patha'mAM ('ikSaNA')mAM astodayane nihALatA kAvyanAyakanuM citra che. daivI anaMtapathanI Rju vAMkI rekha aMte to Adi biMdumAM jIvAtmAne zarIranA mRtyu samaye koIka navI ja oLakhanA thatA anubhavanI vAta kare che. potAnI navI oLakha pAmato jIva vismaya ane harSa anubhave che. ne mana divya nartanAmatta chaMdamAM doDI jAya che. "A aMga choDI gayuM - pretya ko thaI chAyA na khAlI ava * kAya A rahI" tle : vidAya' kAvya ('kiMjalphinI')mAM paNa aMtima prayANa karanAranI viziSTa anubhUtinuM varNana che. "goraja veLanuM vidAya TANuM thayuM hovAnuM kAvyanAyaka kahe che. Ihaloka paraloka milananuM dazya saMtRptino alaukika anubhava karAve che. yamAlayane kavi saunA "ghara' tarIke oLakhAve che. kavi ahIM mRtyunI sthitimAM ja punarjIvanano saMcAra pAmatA jIvanI dhanyatAno ullekha kare che. citA para caDI cUkelA mArA - zItala zaba mahIM komala gItinAM sudhAbiMdu prerita lahuM chuM punaH prANano saMcAra" 17 mRtyunA paricita hetasita kaMThane AnaMdapUrvaka jhIlato jIva aNuaNumAM mRdu pulakita kaMpana P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 329 anubhave che. ne punarapi potAne sadana pAchA pharavAno utsAha anubhave che. kavi rAjendra zAha mRtyune saMjIvanI ane kRtAMtakAla baMne rUpe varNave che. ('prANa) mRtyu ja punarjIvananI zakyatA janmAve, ne tethI ja e saMjIvanIrUpa, "khepa'mAM janmamaraNanA cakrano aMta AvatAM, badhuM ekAkAra thatAM muktino anubhava thAya che. pachI kASThanI nAjuka nAvaDI (nanAmI) saMge ekalA javAnuM "ekalo jAjemAM mRtyu pachI vAgatI mIThI mohana moralIno anubhava mRtyune maMgalarUpe varNave che. kavi uzanas paNa mRtyune maMgala avasara gaNe che. vidAya thanAra mATe AMsu sAranAra svajanane teo abhAgI gaNe che. ('vidAya TANe'-"Adra') manuSyanI vidAyane teo bIjA prabhAte UgavA mATe AthamatA ravi jevI kahe che. "vizvajananI svarUpamAM uzanasa nI eka virala divya anubhUtino paricaya maLe che. mRta jananI emane mATe have vyakti maTI vibhUti bane che. svajananuM mRtyu kavinI dRSTine vizALa banAve che. gharanI bhIMjAtI bhIMtomAM pelI Tagumagu thatI dIvaDI samI, to saMdhyAkALe tulasIkyArAomAM DolatA ghInA dIvArUpe, tathA tenI prasaratI zILI AbhArUpe jananInAM ja sarvatra darzana kare che. "abhijJAna'mAM kavi uzanas nI punarjanmamAMnI zraddhA vyakta thaI che. jananI judAM rUpa dharI janmaze toya teo sahejamAM emane oLakhI leze. teo taru banI janme to enI zItalachAyAthI ja ene oLakhI leze. kavi uzanas mRtyune "vizrAMti' mAne che. "ane mArIya' ("rUpanA laya) kAvyamAM kAvyanAyaka mRtyunA parama vizrAMtibharyA anubhavane varNave che. svajanoe emane khAMdhe lIdhA badala emano teo AbhAra mAne che. hajAro gAunI kaLatI rahI zrAMti maraNamAM" 18 'hajAro gAu' eTale jIvana. jIvanano badho ja thAka "maraNa' vakhate UtarI jAya. bahAra nahi, sthaLamAM nahi, paLamAM nahi, aMtarataramAM niraMtara milananI anubhUti pUrNapaNe karatI nAyikAne aMtima milananI ArajhU che. (67) have mokSa ane kti pAmavAnI jhaMkhanA che. ('vyAkuLa vaiSNava') "ava kazuM nahIM jarI ava kazuM nahIM pharI" 119 mana have prazAMta bane che, ne jANe janmajanmanA pherAmAMthI mukti pAme che. "maraNa nAmanI UMghamAM uzanas maraNane UMgha ja nahIM, "madhura UMgha' kahI che. ne mRtyunA anubhavane sparzane sarpa zo lIso ne zItaLa kahyo che. kavi jayaMta pAThaka mRtyune niHsImanI sukhazayA' kahe che. "tavacaraNe'mAM teo vyaktitvalopanI vAta kare che. jIvana maraNa baMne veLAe zaraNAgatibhAva vyakta thayo che. maraNaghaDIe' kAvyamAM ("sarga') kAvyanAyaka mRtyunI kSaNane "subhaga' gaNAve che. ene mRtyuno Dara nathI, mRtyunA AgamanathI e sabhAna jarUra che. "pAchA vaLavuM'mAM ("mRgayA') pratIkAtmaka rIte najara pAchA javAnI vAta karAI che. jIvananI sarahada pUrI thayAno nirdeza haiyAne haLavuMkula ne svastha banAve che. jIvana pUruM thayAno raMja nathI, saMtoSa che,

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 330 AnaMda che. caMdananI soDamamAM poDhyA jhera vinAnA nAga" 20 notarA' kAvyamAM ("zULI upara seja') parokSa rIte mRtyunAMja notarAMnI vAta che. jIvanane saMsAranI mAyA tyajavAnuM ahIM kahevAyuM che. AkAzI mahelanA e bhUrAbhUrA deva potAnI TUMkabharI pAMkhamAM poDhADe che. ne AkAzI teDAne lIdhe Abha oruM bane che. jIvane AMkha kholI agocarane jovA (mRtyu ane e pachIno pradeza) kahevAya che. jAtane cokakhI caNAka karI mRtyunA occhavamAM jIvane raMge ramavA AvavAnuM ahIM premabharyuM ijana apAyuM che. ijana AvyAM re AgotarAM jIva diyo phaMgoLI jarjara A tarAM" para maraNottaramAM viziSTa rIte jayaMta pAThaka mRtyune mukti kahe che. ('zULI upara seja'), maranAra mANasa pachI sukhaduHkhathI para banI jAya che. ne tethI ja e mukti pAme che. ahIM AdhyAtmika nahi, vAstavika arthamAM "mRtyune mukti' kahyuM che. tame have nahIM, e ja vAta sahI - basa A ja so TakAno rokaDo mokSa sIdhesIdho mokSa, cokakhI mukti" 22 IzvaracaMdrabhaTTa paNa "maraNa ne utsava' kahe che. "kharatAparNamAM mRtyueNInA prayANane teo amaraprANanI dIkSA mATenuM prathama pagathiyuM gaNe che. padminI' khaMDakAvyamAM A kavi padminIe karelA saharSa mRtyusvIkArane "abhisAra" tathA "parama utsava' kahe che. "aganasejamAM poDhatI e padminInI "moMgherI zIlabhaMjarI" "rUpanI rAkha'mAM mhorI UThe che. agnizikhA aMte rAkhamAM zame che. pelA paramarUpanuM sattva amaramAM bhaLI jAya che. lUMTa karavA dhasatA dhADAne khilajI zAha kaDaka Adeza ApatAM, mRtyunI adaba jALavavAno hukama kare che. "AvI tadA lahara, , bhasma satI citAnI raMgI kare punita khAna zI rAjaputI" 23 priyajana mRtyu pAmyA pachI sUkSma divyarUpa dhAraNa kare che. e vAta IzvaracaMdra bhaTTa "madhuryAdAmAM rajU karI che. makaraMda dave "madhuspaMdane mANatI vakhate eka adITha trIjI vyaktinI hAjarInA anubhavane A rIte varNave che. "ApaNAM dhULa netro jene gumAvI beThAM gaNe che, ne ApaNI AsapAsa, ApaNI aMdara, athavA vadhu UMDe UtarI kahyuM ke ApaNI aMdara-bahAra ApaNI jaDatAne bhedI Ava jA karatuM hoya che." 124 tethI to makaraMda dave kavine pUche che, "tamArA A "madhuryAdamAM konuM smita amRta banI TapakI rahyuM che?" patnI mRtyu pAmavA chatAM hajI gehe, gharamAMja ramamANa che. sUkSma dehe jANe e haju vasudhAmAM ja rame che, ('muktiparva) patnInI AchI rasasudhA abhiSekadhAre P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa che 331 jharatI pati anubhave che. uranI guhAthI prakaTato niSkapa-smRtidIpa manamAM prakAzane bharI de che. niraMjana bhagata "vidAya veLA'mAM mAnavIya milanavidAyanI sAthe sAthe mRtyujanya vidAyano saMdarbha gUMthI Ape che. be mAnavInA milanane kavi ananya gaNAve che. jIvana e milana, mRtyu e vidAya'. snehasabhara jIvana jIvAyuM hoya to vidAyaveLA koI vyathA, nirAzA ke kacavATa na rahe. sarvavyApI premabhAvanA mRtyune maMgala banAve. kavi priyakAMta maNiyAra "mRtyune rUpAMtara' kahe che. "rUpAMtara' kAvyane aMte ('samIpa') mRtyu pAmanAra vyaktinuM prematattva prabhAtanA komala teja jevI goThaDI mADatuM kAvyanAyakane lAge che. aMdhakAramAMthI mukta thaI anyarUpa e dhare che. jJAna ane samaja mRtyunuM divyadarzana karAve che. koI prakAzaparNa phUTe che. ne koI sunIla mahotsava jANe mahorI UThe che ne paMkhIno prasanna TahukAra paNa. to gAMdhIjInA mRtyune priyakAMta "saMpUrNa samarpaNano mahotsava' kahe che. "vidAyanI e kSaNa nahIM azru saMto kSaNa kSaNa janma dhare ne mRtyune ema AchuM kare" 25 tethI ja to trIsamI jAnyuArIe gAMdhInuM rakta joI Azcarya pAmelo sUrya prazna kare che. "mAnavInuM rakta zuM ATaluM badhuM pavitra che ? mRtyuno saharSa AnaMdabhera svIkAra tathA mRtyuno mukti svarUpe anubhava "janma ane mRtyu'mAM varNavAyo che. ('prabalagati') pelo AtmA pachI tArakonA vanamAM vicare che. caMdranA zIta lokamAM zAtA pAme che. pachI rahe che "huM ne mAtra AkAza' piMjaranA saLiyA (dehanA baMdhana) sahaja rIte varasAdanI dhAra jema tUTI jAya che. pachI rahe che mArA jIvAtmA ane kevaLa AkAza. "mRtyu' kAvyamAM ('vyomalipi') dehamAMthI nIkaLI gayA pachI anaMta gaganamAM UDatA AtmAnI vAta karAI che. zarIranA baMdhano badhA lupta thaI jAya che. pakva phUla samo koIka jIva kharI jAya che. mRtyune sugaMdhI mukhavAsa mAnatA kavayitrI gItAblena parIkha "teja' nAmanA kAvyamAM ("bhInAza') vRddhatvathI trasta banatA kAvyanAyakanI mRtyujhaMkhanAne vAcA Ape che. to pitAne aMjali ApatA gItAblena "mRtyuamRtamaMgala'mAM mRtyune maMgala ja nahi amRtamaMgala' kahe che. teo kahe che mRtyu pote pitAne sparzIne samartha banyuM. teo kahe "mRtyu che phUlanI zayyA mRtyu che paMtha ujvalA mRtyu nA jiMdagI - aMta mRtyu amRtamaMgala" para to have to la'mAM mRtyu pAmatA anyathA baddha ane sImita evuM pitRura sUkSma banI bhavya svarUpe niHsImamAM vyApaka banyAnuM kavayitrI kahe che. teo kahe che kasama kharI nathI gayuM, zAzvata pArAvAramAM, sugaMdhamAM bhaLI gayuM che. jyoti vilAI nathI. parama jyotamAM bhaLI gaI che. "dhanyatA' kAvyamAM mRtapitA sUkSmarUpe sau svajanonI sAthe hovAno anubhava vyakta P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 332 thayo che. divya AMtara sahavAsa AnaMdanA sUkSma spaMdana sUro relAve che. satata dhanyatAno anubhava karAvatI pitRsmRti yunI maMgalatAnI pratIti karAve che. sureza dalAla jIvana ane - yu vaccenI atUTa maitrIthI paricita che. A maitrImAM kyAreya viyoga hoto nathI. marI ja nI majAnuM varNana "majA che' kAvyamAM kavi kare che. jemA "mRtyune sarvAze mukti' gaNAvyuM che. eka rAte varasAda paDato haze tyAre potAnI citA bhaDabhaDI UThaze ne pote nahi hoya eno teo atyArathI "hAzakAro vyakta kare che. pachI kazIja jaLojathA nahi hoya. mRtyune jIvanabAganA aMtima gulAba tarIke oLakhAvatA sureza dalAla ene sugaMdhamaya ane divya paNa gaNAve che paNa A mRtyu ramyamaMgala divya kyAre bane ? jIvana ane mRtyu vacce Communication' thAya tyAre. "AMkhane khUNe sureza dalAlanuM eka suMdara maMgala raNajhaNatuM mRtyukAvya che. kAvyanAyakane agninA rathanA ghUgharA saMbhaLAya che. ne AMsuo AMkhane khUNe aTakI jAya che. RNasaMbaMdha baMdhAyelo deha tUTavA lAge che. ahIMthI jIva kyAM jaze? khabara nathI. maraNa sAthenI prItanuM varNana karatAM sureza dalAla "maraNa vhAluM lAgavAnI vAta kare che. daMbhI jIvana karatAM mRtyunI sugaMdha kavine vizeSa sparze che. tethI ja citAnA phUlomAM emane jIvananI sugaMdhano anubhava thAya che. jenA samayano paga kapAyo che. evo sainika ('mAyApraveza') have kabaranI zAMti jhaMkhe che. mRtyu ja have ene mATe zAMtino paryAya banI zake ema che. vRddhatva vaheluM ke moDuM darekane maLatuM satya che "eka divasa tamAma dhummasane haThAvIne Ugaze mArA mRtyuno sUraja" mRtyune sUryodaya kaheto kAvyanAyaka sahaja rIte ja mRtyune prakAzavaMtu - divya gaNAve che. kAvyanAyaka sUrajanA e kiraNonI keDI para mRtapatnI sAthenuM milana jhaMkhe che. nalina rAvala "azvatthAmAnI svagatokti'mAM azvatthAmAne mukhe mUkelA zabdomAM mRtyu pAmelI vyakti vadhu sukhI thaI gaI hovAnuM kahe che. kAraNa enI AMkha joI zakatI nathI, kAna sAMbhaLI zakatA nathI. kavi hasamukha pAThaka emanA sadgata mAne aMjali ApatA ("mA jyAre vaikuMTha jaze') mRtyune maMgalaprayANa tarIke varNave che. mAnA avasAnane kavie ahIM AdhyAtmika sparza Apyo che. devonA AmaMtraNane (mRtyu) saharSa svIkArI zAzvata nidrAnI taiyArI emaNe karI lIdhI hatI. "mRtyu sugaMdhI banI jaze pachI khIlaze phUla vAze vAyu, vaheze sugaMdha..." 27 'icchAmRtyumAM mRtyu aMte amRtamaya kSaNane laI Avaze, evI zraddhA vyakta thaI che. kavi pinAkina ThAkora jIvanane aMte AvatA maraNamArgane maMgalavijayamukAma' tarIke oLakhAve "ane maraNamArga jIvananA - maMgala nitya vijaya mukAma - svargataNuM zuM kAma" ? 28 kavi hemaMta desAIe "have' nAmanA kAvyamAM ('sonalamaga') svajanamRtyuthI vizALa P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 333 thatI dRSTinI vAta karI che. zizane enA janma sAthe ja gumAvI beThelI kAvyanAyikA vizvanA bALakone potAnA mAne che. sakala vizvamAM abhiramatA zizusvaramAM potAnA zizusvarane AlApatA, mRtyunI dhanyatAno anubhava kAvyanAyaka kare che. "mRtyune' (1)mAM mRtyu vasamuM na hovAnuM kAvyanAyaka kahe che. jIvananI nirarthakatAne lIdhe mRtyune sAmethI e nimaMtre che. "tuM Ava, aya mRtyu dhAra mujane tavAgleSamAM" 29 "mRtyune-2mAM zarUmAM "mRtyune kaThora' kahetA kavi kAvyAMte zvAna zA jIvanaarthIo maraNane niMde, paNa sukha ane zAMtino marma jANanAra to jIvanane nahi, maraNane ja muktidAtA mAne che. kAvyanAyaka mRtyune uddezI kahe che, "tuM kiMtu nahi rukSa, ArTa vaLI vaja nA, vhAla tuM banI kusumazA, trasta ama - vakSane vIMdhatuM" 130 jiMdagInI verAnI vyakta karato kAvyanAyaka "motane lIluMchama kahe che ne verAnImAMthI chUTavAno mArga "mRtyu' hovAnuM kahe che. sadgata patine patra lakhanAra kavayitrI hIrAblena pAThaka paraloke patra lakhavAno vicAra kare, e ja mRtyu ane e pachInA pradezanA divyatvanuM sUcaka che. pote to patra lakhe paNa paralokathI priyajanano patra AvyAnI divya anubhUti paNa jANe teo kare che. je teone sadehe mRta pati, sadgata sAthe milana ne daDhAzleSano jANe anubhava karAve che. huM raLiyAta bhItare bahAra aMtare aNu aNu aMkurita ma ....sadgata pati AvyAnA rahI rahI vAgatA bhaNakArA patinA sUkSma svarUpanI upasthitinuM sUcaka che. "na ko jANe Agamana muja pAkhe cUpacUpa bAra biDAya - bArasAkhe" 13ra paNa pachI tarata e to bhrama hovAnI pratIti thAya che. kalpanAmAM khovAyelAM kavayitrI pAchA vAstavanI dharatI, ne dharatInA vAstava para Ave che. tyAre, vaLI pAcho eka virala anubhava emane thAya che. "A.... huM sUrNa kicUDa... baMdha svargadvAra khUle praNayanI devatA kanaka kaDAne jhAlI svargayAna prere...." 133 indrarAjAnA vAjiMtra maMgalagAna sAthe patine jANe pRthvI para emanI priyatamAne maLavA javA vidAya Ape che. kavayitrInI manaHsthiti aMte evI kakSAe pahoMce che jyAM janma, P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 334 jIvana, mRtyu badhuM ja ekAkAra banI gayuM che. have indraloka paralokanA bheda paNa rahyA nathI. . AMgaNe sarvatra kaumudInA pUrNakuMbhanuM apUrva rasaprokSaNa relAyuM che. jANe temanA cittamAMya alaukika jJAnaprakAza relAyo che. A bhavanuM bhAgyavidhAyaka saptapadI sakhya vyartha ne vitatha nathI e emane samajAyuM che. cetanAne cetanAno saMga kadI mithyA na hoya. kavayitrI kahe che bhAvasaMmArjana thayuM na thayuM tyAM to tamAruM prayANa" 134 e pramANamAM patinuM kalyANa haze, paNa patnIno jarAya vicAra na karyo ? evo prazna kSaNa mATe UThe che. paNa tarata jJAna ane samaja kahe che, nA, nA,patnInAya UrdhvIkaraNAthe ja A zikSA, ne ISTa sAdhanA pratinI dIkSA. have Aloka paralokanA bheda zAne? patraprapaMcanI keda paNa zAne? mRtyu have du:kha ke yAtanA nathI ApatuM divya dRSTinuM udghATana kare che. divya uSaHkALa pragaTavAnI kavayitrI zraddhA dharAve che, ne tyAre sadgata patine teo "maMgala prabhAta' sUcave che. ne manomana (caraNaraja levI game evA, patine praNAma pAThave che. DAhyAbhAI paTelanA "prasannacitte laI jaze dhAma' kAvyamAM kavinI bhaktiyukta zraddhA vyakta thaI che. mRtyu pachI Izvara paramadhAma laI jaze evI zraddhA paNa mRtyu maMgala hovAnI pratIti karAve che. anugAMdhIyuga - prema ane mRtyu kavi prahalAda pArekha evI zraddhA dharAve che ke jema jIva mAtra khoLiyuM ja badale che, tema prema paNa, zarIranuM mRtyu thatAM, mAtra khoLiyuM ja badale che. "prema" ("bArIbahAra') kAvyamAM kavi premane aneka janmonA cakarAvAmAM pravAsa karato kahyuM che. ane jIvana ekathI maraNanA thaI dvAramAM navIna thaIne jato" 135 zarIranA dahana sAthe prema kaMI baLI jato nathI. maraNa ene mATe kevaLa eka dvAra che. mRtyu "prema" tattvane bALI zakatuM nathI. prema to mRtyuMjayI che. samayathI paNa e para che. samayanAM baMdhano ene haMphAvI zakatAM nathI. "ekaluM'mAM sIdho mRtyusaMdarbha nathI, paNa priyajana vinAnA ekalatAbharyA jIvananI vyathA ahIM pragaTa thaI che. premanI sitArI jhaNajhaNAvI svajana cAlI gayA pachI, mRtio to rahe paNa tethI zuM? smRtio ekalatAne dUra na ja karI zake. "koI re AvI koI vahI gayuM mAre aMtarane dvAra koI re gAI mUMguM rahI gayuM chAyo uramAM sUnakAra evuM re lAge Aje ekaluM" 134 vidAya' praphlAda pArekhanuM eka utkRSTa kAvya che. ne premanI parAkASThAnuM paNa. prema koIne bAMdhI na rAkhe. aMtima vidAya leto pati ahIM patnIne enA nayanapaMthanuM anya vizva tyAgI devA kahetA nathI. bhUtakALanAM praNayasmaraNo yAda kare che. baMne AtmIyatAnI viziSTa paLone sAthe yAda kare che. ne chatAM, adhika suMdara sAthIdAra maLe to ane to ja P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 335 bhUtakALane bhUlI javA paNa kahe che. ne pote kyAreka yAda Ave to, Avaze ja. pahelethI kSamA mAgI le che. prematattvanI udAratAnuM A suMdara daSTAMta che. "zeline' kAvyamAM harizcaMdra bhaTTa zelinI praNayabhAvanAno nirdeza karI dehabaMdhathI mukta abaMdha premanI vAtano ullekha kare che. je prema dehabaMdhanathI mukta hovAnuM sUcave che. "rAInara mAriyA rilkane' kAvyamAM kavi harizcaMdra bhaTTa prema tathA mRtyune sAthe sAMkaLe che. puSpapremI kavi mATe puSpano kAMTo ja mRtyunuM nimitta bane che. kavi rilkanA zabdo varSe varSe jayAM gulo khIlatAM thAye cho ne mRtyulekho kavinA" 137 rilkanA zabdo potAnA jIvanamaraNa Alekha bane ema A kavi icchatA. "eko ane nArsIsIsa'mAM grIka devI ekonA nArlIsIsa pratyenA premanI AhutinI kathA gUMthAI che. nArlIsIsa AtmaratinI parAkASThAnuM pratIka che. "prema prema raTatI eko temanI taDapanamAM anaMtamAM DUbI jAya che. mRtyu pAme che. jyAre nArlIsIsa potAnA ja rUpane nihALatAM pAgala banI mRtyu pAme che. jayadevanA prasiddha caritramAMthI padmAvatIno prasaMga laI patipremanI parAkASThAno nirdeza kavi rAjendra zAhe karyo che. jayadevanA mRtyunI vAta sAMbhaLI lokalokAntaramAM jayadevane zodhavA nIkaLI paDelI enI patnI itaralokanA mArge jatAM sUkSmAtisUkSma AMdolano sAMbhaLe che. (mRtyu pachI) ne sUranA saMdhAte paMtha kApatAM punaH potAnA dehamAM praveze che, ne nidrAmAMthI beThI thatI hoya ema beThI thAya che. - kavi uzanase "ANuM" kAvyamAM prema ane mRtyune sAMkaLyA che. ahIM dekhIto mRtyu saMdarbha nathI. paNa havene janmAre jarUra maLIzuM' kahI divagaMta thayelA priyatamanI vANInA svarone sAMbhaLavA pote mRtyu pAmI pharI janmavAnI utAvaLa anubhave che. IhalokamAM rahevA chatAM nAyikA IhalokanI rahI nathI. "o janamanI" punarjanmanI madhurajanI mATenI meDI e atyArathI jANe sajAve che. ("azvattha') "tame sAthe rahejomAM mRtyu samaye priyatamanA sAnnidhyanI jhaMkhanA vyakta thaI che. thAkIne patnI priyatamane khabhe jo lathaDI paDe ne chelle tyAM mukha DhALI de to chAyAvALuM vRkSa banI jarI nIce jhUkI jaI, ene sahI levA prArthe che. priyanA sAnnidhyamAM mRtyu maMgala banI jAya evI zraddhA vyakta thaI che. ('azvattha') . "vyAkuLa vaiSNava'mAM kavi uzanasa koI anaMta premakathAnI vAta laIne jANe ke Ave che. koIka mUMgA choDane jhUkI jatA joI kavi haiyuM TahukI UThe che. "ApaNe zAnAM aLagAM, thoDA janama taNI ja judAI sRjana vilayane laya calatI muja premakathA akabaMdha" 38 vyApaka premanI kathA ahIM vaNAI che. je haMmezAM sRjana vilayanA layanI sAthe satata akabaMdha niraMtara cAlyA kare che. "sRjana ho ke vilaya' premakathA atUTa che. "28'mAM zlokamAM sanAtana kALanI bhavobhavanI prIta laI beThelI nAyikAnI adhIrAI ane ajaMpAnI kavi vAta kare che. A prIta bhUlavA keTalaDAM janmAntara joIe? arthAta aneka janmo (pR. 32) ("vyAkuLa vaiSNava') pasAra thAya. janma, mRtyu, cakra, premane naSTa na karI zake. "32mAM Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S.

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 336 zlokamAM AMkhomAM pANI sAthe kAvyanAyikA aMtima arajI kare che. lakha janmAntaranIye pAra vasatA pelA nirdaya udAsIna priyatamane dvAra laI javAnuM potAnA dardane e kahe che arthAta mRtyu ane e dvArA mokSa tathA muktinI vAMchanA kadAca e seve che. kavi uzanas prema vinAnA jIvanane mRtavata gaNAve che. ("zaba' - "tRNano graha') janmazatakonI prIta vaDe janma khUTavato kAvyanAyaka A janme bhavanA cakramAMthI kadAca chUTI jAya. kahevAtA mokSanI ene paravA nathI, to "kabaramAMya'no kAvyanAyaka premamAM niSphaLatA pAmatAM, evI jhaMkhanA seve che ke, potAnA mRtyu pachI paNa priyatamA thoDuMkeya raDaze to kabaramAM rahyAM rahyAMya e potAnI jAtane dhanya mAnaze. mRtyu pAmavA chatAM premanI tRSNA to evIne evIja rahe che. e "bhUta' nAmanA kAvyamAM varNavAyuM che. ("tRNano graha) madhyarAtrie aMdhakAramAM gharadvAre vahetA susavATAmAM, ke gharakAmamAM DUbelI priyAnA ko svapnamAM tathA koInA bolAvyAnA bhaNakAranA svaramAM poteja hovAnuM mAnI levA kahe che. svajana mRtyu pAmavA chatAM prema UNo thato nathI. "abhiMjJAna'nA nAyaka ("spaMda ane chaMda)nuM bahAvaruM preta pRthvInA polANomAM mRtyu pachI paNa bhaTakyA karaze. pretarUpeya A pRthvIno vyasanI pRthvI paranAM paricita sthAno ane vyaktione oLakhI kADhaze. khAsa karIne priyAne. premajhaMkhanA mRtyunA AvaraNaneya na svIkAre. sadgata priyajana sadehe nahi hoya tyAre priyAno diyI nazo UtarI jaze. baporanI paLe vastramAM bhArata bharatAM e dorAmAM mananI koI bhAta (smaraNa) UThaze ne pachI enA vijayakavaca kharI paDaze. evI kAvyanAyakanI kalpanA ('bharAtA dorAmAM) prema temaja svajananuM mRtyu amane (rUpanA laya) ogALatuM hovAnI pratIti karAve che. - saddagata priyajananA acAnaka jAgatAM smaraNa pratyenA vismayane jayaMta pAThaka "smaraNa priyanamAM vAcA Ape che. priyajananA zarIranI vidAya sAthe praNayabharatI thaMbhI jatI nathI. e to Rtikusume surabhi zo AvIne sUI jAya che. ne potAnA caitanyanI khuzabo (mRtyu pachI paNa) prasarAve che. ne "UbharI UbharI Ave, sAme dharatta chaTA navI' praNayanI zaktinI A kamAla che. AkhuM jagata vismRta banI jAya. paNa priyajana sAthenAM praNaya prasaMgonI smRti akabaMdha aDIkhama rahe che. mRtyu priyajanane laI jAya, enI smRtine na laI jaI zake. prema to mRtyuthI para che ja, smRtithI vizeSa. "prema ane mRtyu" ("aMtarIkSa') kAvyamAM kavi jayaMta pAThaka prema ane mRtyunA sahaastitvanI vAta kare che. prema ane mRtyu haMmezAM sAthe ja rahe che. prema ane mRtyunI sAme hasato, ne sUkA jhADanI jema "mRtyu" kharI paDatuM, tyAre premano vijaya thato. mRtyu poteja svIkAre che ke prema sAthenI ramatamAM e haMmeza hArI jatuM. hADa jevuM mRtyu premanA nAnakaDA jharaNAmAM Atmavilopana kare, evuM to koNa kalpI zake ? paNa eja to che satya, jIvana sAthe laDatAM enA sAtame koThe (premanA) mRtyu hArI jAya che. mRtyuno parAjaya joI premane AghAta lAge che. che. "jIvI gayo hota' jayaMta pAThakanuM ("aMtarIkSa') eka suMdara kalpanAmaMDita kAvya che. premInA virahe jhUratA premInuM mRtyu ahIM nAjuka rUpa dharIne Ave che. ekalatAnA kAnamAM jo premIjane "huM chuM neno sadhiyAro Apyo hota to kadAca kAvyanAyaka mRtyu na pAmyo hota. "maraNane mArage A caraNa upaDyA tyAre premIjane mAtra UbhA raho" eTaluM ja kahyuM P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 337 hota toya jIvI gayA hota. mukha paranI mRtyunI cAdarane saheja AghI karIne premIe mAtra kema cho ? pUchayuM hota ne toya e jIvI gayo hota. priyajanano prema mRtyuneya haMphAvI zakyo hota. to bIjI bAju premajhaMkhanA mRtyune notarI bese) "manAmaNuM'mAM premanA parAjayanI vAta karAI che. jyAre evuM bane che ke, mRtyu premane lapaDAka mAre, ne parAjita kare. mRtyu kyAreka priyajanane chinavI le che, ne tyAre mobha para bolatA kAgaDAnA AzAvAdI avAjo nirarthaka nIvaDe che. pAMDunI praNaya khAtaranI phanAgIrI joI kavi niraMjana bhagata enI sAthe jANe ekarUpatA anubhave che. priyanetranI jhalakamAM mUka iMgitanuM ijana vAMcIne pAMDu priyAne gADha AzleSamAM le che. paNa peluM avayaMbhAvI ane aparihArya mRtyu to AvIne UbhuM ja rahe che. paNa premIone ke premane enI paravA hotI nathI. pAMDu jevI ja khumArIthI kavi mRtyune saMbhaLAvI de che. he mRtyu mArI preyasInA veSamAM tuM Ava, to dhAruM taneye e ja AzleSamAM" 39 mRtyu preyasIrUpe Ave to enoya ahIM satkAra che. rAjendra zAha mRtyune priyatama rUpe svIkAre che. niraMjana "preyasI rUpe svIkAravA taiyAra che. "A hAthamAM mRtyune atikramI jatA sAcA nirvyAja premano mahimA gavAyo che. prema meLavanAra vyaktine svarganuM sukha pAmavA bIje javAnI jarUra nathI. prema mRtyuno paryAya banIne Ave to e kavine mAnya che. mRtyu karatAM premanuM ahIM adakeruM mUlya aMkAyuM che. ('AzleSa') "vidAya veLAe mAnava lokameLA premasabhara banI dhanya banyA hoya to vidAyaveLAe mRtyu samaye kRtajJanatAno ja bhAva anubhavAya. snehasabhara jIvana mRtyune maMgala banAvI de. "rilkanuM mRtyu' (133 kAvyo')mAM rilkanA mRtyuno zoka nathI vyakta thayo. paraMtu mRtyunuM kavie ahIM gaurava karyuM che. priyapAtra mATe gulAba cUMTavA jatAM zULa vAgatAM, lyukemiyA thavAthI jANe manavAMchita mRtyu maLyuM. maheMkI rahyo jIvanano ja artha nA mRtyu koI kadI kyAMya vyartha 40 ahIM mRtyumAM mahekatA jIvanArthane sUcita karatA kavi mRtyune nirarthaka ke vyartha mAnatA nathI. preme ja to pelA mRtyuno anubhava karAvyo. ne emanAM jIvana mRtyu baMne dhanya banyAM. - IzvaracaMdra bhaTTanA "madhuspaMdamAM kavipatnInuM smita amRta banI TapakyAnuM makaraMda dave saMvede che. kavi patnInuM jIvanabharanuM mauna, ahIM jANe mukharita thAya che. makaraMda dave "madhuspaMda'nI premakavitAne biradAvatAM yAjJavalkayanA zabdo noMdhe che. "snehI kadI maraNadharmI na hoya. je potAnA priyane AtmArUpe upAse che, tenuM priya kadApi maraNadharmI thatuM nathI" tethIja "madhuryAdamAM amRtA vasI rahI hovAnuM teo jaNAve che. sadgatano sneha smaraNarUpe avirata priyajananI sAthe ja rahe che. priyakAMta maNiyAranA "kaMcano vadha" ("samIpa') kAvyamAM premamagna krauMca yugalamAMnA ekane vIMdhatA bAkI rahelAnI zikArIne vAraMvAra saMbhaLAtI cIsano nirdeza "virahI premInI P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 338 vyathAne vAcA Ape che." "phUla' nAmanA kAvyamAM ('vyomalipi') DALathI chUTA paDI gayelA (mAvihoNA) phUlane sAcavavAnI kAvyanAyikAnI jhaMkhanA vyakta thaI che. mRtyu pAmatA e puSpane mRtyu pAsethI pAchuM levuM che. paNa vilayanI paLa AvI pahoMce che. "mRtyupaLa' kAMI "vilaMba' zabdane oLakhatI nathI. mRtyu kyAreya mAnA ArtapokArane sAMbhaLatuM nathI, ke nathI oLakhatuM "vAtsalya" ke "prema' jevA zabdone. kavi sureza dalAla paNa sadUgatanA smaraNamAdhurya dvArA sagata sAtheno priyajanano setu racI ApI snehanI mRtyu paranI ajeyatAne siddha karI Ape che. "tamArA patromAM ('tArIkhanuM ghara') sadUgata patinA patromAMthI jharamara vahAlanA anubhave sAMtvana pAmI emAM ja patinA mukhanuM darzana kare che. snehanA Indradhanu samA e patro vanakusumanI saurabha laI pati sAtheno setu racI Ape che. kyAMka virahane mRtyuno paryAya gaNavAmAM Avyo che. priyajana dUra thatAM jANe AkhuM jIvanavRkSa ukhaDI jAya che. ne mRtyunI jhaMkhanA jAge che. nAyikA kahe che. UMcakI lyo mArI have paLa paLanI pAlakhI ne aMta thakI bAMdho anaMta" 41 prema ke premIvihoNuM jIvana mRtyu jevuM lAgatAM ahIM aMtane anaMta sAthe, ne paMcamahAbhUtane divyatA sAthe bAMdhI devAnI prArthanA karAya che. harIndranI jema sureza dalAle paNa mRtyune bharapUra prema karyo che. jIvanamAMthI chuTakAro meLavavA nahi, paNa maraNa maLavA jevI vyakti hovAthI ene hoMzabhera maLavAnI teo vAta kare che. kavi kahe che. "huM maraNanA hAtha chalakAvI daIza enA khobAmAM smitanA aDhaLaka - phUlo mUkI daIza" 42 bhUtakALamAM premI sAthenA milana vakhate racAyelA smitanA bagIcAmAMthI sAcavI rAkhelAM thoDAM phUla, ne sAthe nahIM gAI zakAyeluM gIta maraNanA hoTha para e mUkI devA icche che. premI sAthenA milananI thoDI kSaNonuM amRta sAcavIne beThelI A kAvyanAyikA potAnI jAgRti hasatAM hasatAM maraNane soMpI daI kAyama mATe UMghI javA icche che. "huM mArA maraNano sarjaka thaIza' kAvyamAM sureza dalAle Nikoskazantzakis nA 'Serpent and lily kavitAno saMdarbha Apyo che. kAvyanAyaka potAnI suMdara ArasamUrti zI, AtmIya priyatamAne premathI mArI nAkhavA icche che. enAmAM mRtyunI jhaMkhanA jagADavAnI IcchA dharAve che. gulAbanA bagIcAthI e ene vIMTI deze. pachI enI ekaeka pAMkhaDI kharyA karaze. rAtane cIrI nAkhe evA maunathI e ene joyA karaze. dhIme dhIme khabara nahi paDe ema emanI, baMnenI nAva maraNanA sukkA samudramAM saryA karaze. baMnenA zabane teo Izvarane sogAdarUpe ApavA icche che. "e ApaNA saMbaMdhonuM morga race e pahelAM evI daIza * P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 339 huM mArA maraNano tArA maraNano ApaNA maraNano sarjaka thaIza" 183 sureza dalAlanI kavitAmAM prema ane mRtyunuM sAmya to juo kavi kahe che. meM emanA kAgaLa para sahI karI * pachI mane khabara paDI ke e mRtyuno kAgaLa hato" ja premamAM mRtyuya zreyaskara tethI have to'no kAvyanAyaka cUpacApa A sRSTimAMthI rajA levA taiyAra che. priyatama sAthenA saMbaMdhane kAvyanAyikA sthaLakALanAM baMdhanathI para tathA zAzvata gaNAve che. prItanuM komaLa spaMdana TUla thaIne phore vhore che. ("janama janamathI') ne janamamaraNanI chIpamAM milananuM (koI rastAnI dhAre dhAre) motI baMdhAya che. premane 'vyAkhyAthI para mAnatA' kavi "kazuM ja jovuM nathI'mAM priyajananA satata sAnnidhyanI jhaMkhanA kare che. - kavi pinAkina ThAkora premanA pAzane ajita kahe che. ("prIti ajita) mAnavane eka pravAsI tarIke oLakhAvatA kavi prayANa samaye pAya pakaDI letA mAnavanI prItajhaMkhanAne zabdabaddha kare che. hemaMta desAIno kAvyanAyaka ('AdhAra vinA') svajana priyatamAne bane to mRtyunA dvAramAM maLavAnuM kahe che. mArA vizenI vAta badhI laI Avajo na maLajo mane bane to mRtyunA duvAramAM" 145 hIrAblena pAThake to prema ane mRtyune evA to gUMthI ApyA che ke, avaza banI saddagata patine, premabaLeja patro lakhI nAkhe che. prema para atUTa vizvAsa dharAvanAra A kavayitrI ahIM bhramaNAnI ramaNAmAM evAM to gaLAbUDa rahe che ke koI caitasika anubhava paNa pAme che. emanI durbhAgI jalachAthI dRSTine zubhrokvala vastrAntano hajIye jANe sparza anubhavAya che. paralokamAMthI priyajanano patra AvyAnI pratIti sadehe milana ne daDhAzleSano jANe anubhava karAve che. ja "huM raLiyAta bhItare bahAra aMtare aNuaNu aMkurita" 140 prema mRtyunI paravA nathI karato e ahIM paNa pramANAyuM che. kAlagaMgAne kAMThe teo ATheya pahora patinI pratIkSA kare che. premanA saMgItanI saragama sUrAvalie kavayitrI sagata patinI AkRti Alekhe che. manamAM manamAM potAnA hAthanI AMgaLIo vaDe emaja patinuM sthira zilpa race che. pachI e zilpamAMthI jANe potAnA netramAM avikalpa teja pUre che. amUrtane mUrta banAvI eno AnaMda mANatA hoya tyAM ghaDIbhara jANe e hAtha halI UThyAno, moM malakI rahyAno, neNa jhabakI UThyAno temaja veNanI chAlakano anubhava thAya. priyajanano cahero kaMDAravAnA manasUbA sAthe ghaDIbhara kALaneya teo khaseDI nAkhavA cahe che. premanA advaitanI A parisImA che. jyAM "mRtyu' jevo zabda ja kadAca nathI. sadUgata sAthenA premano P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 340 pArAvAra ahIM smaraNarUpe satata ubhare che. "mRtyu' premAdvaitamAM avarodha ke AvaraNarUpa banatuM nathI. premanI parAkASThA jANe prItinA paroNAnI ociMtAnI uraraLiyAmaNI AgamanavadhAmaNI meLave che. haiyuM hAtha rahetuM nathI. vicAre che ke lAbhAre nameluM emanuM mukha priyatamanI sAme dRSTi nahi mAMDI zake. pati AvyAnA rahI rahI bhaNakArA vAge che. dvAra kholI patine satkAravA kahe che. "na ko jANe Agamana muja pAkhe cUpacApa bAra biDAyA bAra sAme" 147 A AgamananI jANa emanA sivAya koIne nathI, na ja hoya ne? premanuM advaita ja AvI kalpanA karAve. premanuM ati kevI kalpanA karAve che ? A.... huM sUNuM kicUDa.... baMdha svargadvAra khUle. praNayanI devatA, kanaka kaDAne jhAlI - svargavAna prere 48 indrarAjAnAM vAjiMtra maMgalagAna sAthe patine jANe pRthvI para emanI priyatamAne maLavA vidAya Ape che. pati mRtyu pAmatAM rIsAmaNA manAmaNAM badhuM ja viramI gayuM che. kavayitrI kahe che. "tujane varIne na virahane varI ? viraha mAre premano paryAya 149 ahIM prema mRtyune jItI javA mathe che. paNa jyAre vAstavamAM viraha anubhavavo paDe che. tyAre asahya bane che. aDhAramo ne chello patra kavinA janmadine teo lakhe che, jemAM avasAda viSAda nathI. ahIM to premAdvaitanA parama adhyAtma-tejano sAkSAtkAra che. patine teo "sayuvA sakhA'nuM udbodhana kare che. mRtyu premane ke premIne virahita karI zakatuM nathI. e bhAva paNa ahIM vyakta thayo che. DAhyAbhAI paTela "gAI le chelluM gIta' ("kAvyaparimala') kAvyamAM niSphara praNaya rAtane yAda karI potAne chelluM gIta gAI levA kahetA mAnavanuM citra dore che. A chelluM gIta jIvanasaMdhyAnuM ja chelluM gIta. zelie prabodhelo premAbdhi naSTa na thayAnI vAta premapathika zeline' kAvyamAM rajU thaI che. kavinAM komala kAvya puSpone zelinI patnI merIe sAcavyA hovAnuM kahetA A kavi premanI sarvoparItAne siddha karavA mathe che. to bIjI bAju mRtyunA varcasvanI ne zaktinI sarvoparItA paNa pramANAI che. atUTa prema bAhya mRtyune to nathI ja khALI zakato. "preyasI jatAM'mAM premane khAtara mRtyune ISTa gaNavAnuM kahevAyuM che. maratAM maratAM priyatamAnuM nAma raTavA chatAM zAMti to na ja maLI. anugAMdhIyuga - ane kALanuM svarUpa | kALa to janma, mRtyu, jIvana badhA sAthe saMkaLAyelo che. kyAreka mRtyu para paNa kALanuM zAsana sarvoparI hovAnuM dekhAya che. A kALatatvano pAra koI pAmI zakyuM nathI. tethI to bhagavAna zrIkRSNa potAne "kALasvarUpa' gaNAve che. kavi harIzcaMdra bhaTTa potAnI bahenanuM P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 341 akALe mRtyu thatAM kALa pratyeno Akroza ThAlavatAM kahe che. cho kALa Ave, ziziroya Ave ne puSpa ELAM davamAM prajAne sukomaLa dehakaLI are, are vasaMtanI phUMka mahIM kharI paDI" 150 pahelAM niyati sAme Akroza, ne pachI lAcArI vyakta thaI che. "cho kALa Ave, ziziroya Ave' pAchaLa poteja DonAlphasanA karela anuvAda "tuM che vasaMta'mAMnA "Ave zizira kUra kALa bhale tahIM to"nI ane Atma tapana-zodhana aMge dAttenI asara umAzaMkare noMdhI che. kAlanuM pageruM zodhI, pracaMDa kALane rijhavavA mathatI, AMsujharatAM nayanathI kaMIka kahetI sAvitrInI hRdayavyathA kavie "sAvitrI'mAM varNavI che. ne A sAvitrI aMte kALadevaneya rijhavavA samartha bane che. ne kALadeva pAse AtmatattvavidyAnuM, rahasyajJAnanuM varadAna mAge che. "jIvana mRtyu' nAmaka sAta khaMDanA lAMbA kAvyamAM mahAkALanI vijIgiSAnA anubhavane kavie gUMthyo che. "kavi rAjendra zAhanuM ciMtana nirmaLa che. ne dRSTi zubha che. tethI ja lokonI dRSTie kALuM ghora bhU bhakha vikarALa mukha dharAvato bihAmaNo "kAla' kavine baMne hAthe gulAba verato lAge che." pamRtyunA kinakhAbI paDadAne kavi rAjendra aMtarAyarUpa gaNAvatAM, vacce samaya-kALane ja avadhAnarUpa gaNAve che. A samaya e ja mRtyu. ahIM kALa ane mRtyu ekabIjAnA paryAya banI rahe che. kALa dhAre tyAre ane to ja jIvanuM ziva sAthe milana karAve. "AjanI kathAmAM eka eka DagaluM najIka AvI rahelA kALanI vAta karAI che. pAMpaNanA palakArAmAM ramato ramato AvI pahoMcelo kALa "hAra'mAM varNavAyo che. kALa pAse nAnA moTAnA bheda na hovAnI vAta paNa ahIM karAI che. to "pharI juddha' ("zAMta kolAhala)mAM rAjendra zAha kALane kAyahIna, balavAna palavezadhArI mahAripu tarIke oLakhAve che. aMdhAramaya azarIrI e mahAripu satata potAnI pAMkha vIMjhI dhasato dIse che. kAlatIrtha bhUmi para yuge yuge eka yajJa maMDAya che. ('agni, teja, Aga ane bhasma' viSAdane sAdI) jemAM RcAo, Rtvija, uddagAtA, RSi, dhyAtA badhuM ja navuM lAge che. kavi ahIM saune samayanA nirvAsita thayelAo tarIke oLakhAve che. kALanA prahAre gaMdha, nAma, rUpa, raMga badhuM ja svAhA thaI jAya che. mAnavanI vyApti niHzeSamAM thaI jAya che. ne pharI jvAlApuMjamAMthI amIkuMja laI prabhave che eka AbhApuruSa" ("navajanma') "kALano kavala" ("kAsuparNA')mAM kavi kALane jItavAnI vAta kare che. - kAlanA asIma abdhinI vAta "kAlAbdhine kAMThemAM bAlamukuMda karI che. atAga kALane kavi namana kare che. kALanA Adi aMtano tAga maLato nathI. "asIma adhei kAlano na Adi aMtano kyahIM maLeya tAga re A athAga re" para sacarAcaramAM kALanuM varcasva hovA chatAM kALa alipta ane akarma che. akhaMDa UMghato chatAM sajAga che. prajAnAM mahAkulonI kAravAM azeSa thaze tyAre paNa eka mAtra kALa to anaMta P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 0 342. ja haze. kavi uzanas ('manomudrA) sukratu, gAMdhI, tathAgata saune kALanA kabrastAnamAM homAI bhaLI gayelA hovAnuM kahe che. "vyAkuLa vaiSNava'mAM kavi uzanas ("vyAkuLa vaiSNava'), (zloka-ra7) amITa athAha kALanuM varNana karatAM kahe che. miti hoya te mare ahIM to kALa amITa athAha" 53 to 35-mA zlokamAM sanAtana kALanI bhavobhavanI prIta laI beThelI nAyikAnI vimAsaNa vyakta thaI che. kALanA aparaMpArane cheDe ATale tanika joDe zI rIte javAze? "kALamAM tane AvaDo zo vizvAsa ? ApaNI pAse keTalo sillaka zvAsa" ? " 154 39mAM zlokamAM kALasAgare ghaDIka upara ghaDIka nIce athaDAtA mAnavanI vAta karAI che. "kALa sAgare ghaDIka upara ghaDIka pAchA taLiye saMtAkUkaDI khUba ramAI, aLagAM paDIe maLIe" 15 zerImAMthI samayaratha AvIne pasAra thaI gayAno anubhava aMte to kALanA Adhipatyane sUcave che. ("samayaratha" "tRNano graha) samayaneya jIvanabhera gajavatA be vatsala vRddhoneya samayaratha harI gayAno nirdeza kavine viSAdano anubhava karAve che. samaya potAnA AgamananI kazIka nizAnI mUkI gayAnuM "gRhapraveza'mAM kavi kahe che. jatAM jatAM tyAMthI ujharaDI kazuM jIvana gayo" 150 jIvanatattvane ukhADI gayelA kALane ukheDI zakAto nathI. zizira RtunA pAMdaDAnuM kharavuM e jANe "khare pILI phIkI samaya tarunI Tapa, Tapa, kSaNa." | kavi uzanasa kALane mRdu tRNa sAthe sarakhAve che. ("ghAsa ane kALa" "tRNano graha') janetAya jANe tRNarUpa banI gaI hoya evo bhAva kavi anubhave che. tethI to kavi kAla svarUpane niSphara kahI nIMdavA badala pazcAttApa anubhave che. ne teo kALanI navI vyAkhyA pAme che. kALa eTale mRdu tRNa'ne kALa e ja to che mRtyuno paryAya, tethI mRtyu paNa mUdu tRNasamuM. tRNa banIne Ugelo pelo kALa "spaMda ane chaMdamAM samaya bane che. (kALanuM sthAna samaya le che) kavi uzanasane kharelA pAna para samayanuM jaMtu pharI vaLatuM dekhAya che. ("kALaDUbakI-eka taMdrA') vane vane navo janma dhAraNa karatuM e parNa pAchuM phUdaDI pharatuM kharI jAya che. vaLI navo sUrya himapaDa phADI nAkhe che. tyAre e jamInanI bhItaramAMthI lIlA raMgano aMkura pAcho phUTI nIkaLe che. kALanA sAMDhane paloTI enAM be ziMgaDAM macaDI be hAthe ene vaLa ApI ene dUra hAMkI kADhavAnI naherunI tAkAtano paricaya uzanase Apyo che. ("kAla mardana" "spaMda ane chaMda) kALayAtrAnI vAta karatAM kavi uzanase "huM AvI pahoMcyo chuM, lagabhaga mahArA maraNamAM" 157 samayamAMthI kAvyanAyaka have maraNa sudhI pahoMcI gayAno anubhava kare che. "maraNa nAmanI UMghamAM kALanI "atala kUkha jevA kaLaNa'nA anubhavanI kavi vAta kare che. jayaMta pAThaka mATe samayano saMdarbha badalAI jAya che. samaya kevaLa smRtirUpa banI jAya P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 343 che. "vastravayanuM pheMkI devAnI kavinI tIvra jhaMkhanA che. "kALanI balihArI ane manuSyanI lAcArI, paristhitino svIkAra, pachI svasthatAnuM varNana "jUnA patrono nAza karatAM'mAM kavi jayaMta pAThake kahyuM che." 58 "nadInA paTamAM thIjI gayelA samayano kavie eka snepa zoTa lIdho che. jANe ke AThekano AdivAsI bALaka enA gaLAmAM sUryamAMjI jaLanI hAMsaDI, samayanuM eka jaLacitra AlekhIne kavi ene gahanamAMthI pragaTatA avatAra sAthe sAMkaLIne kALanI vyApaka ane gahana bhUmikA bAMdhI Ape che." 59 "gala' kAvyamAM kavi " jayaMta pAThake kALapAzanA pratIka tarIke "gala'no nirdeza karyo che. palamAM pelA "gala'mAM caMcala mukha mAchalI pakaDAI javAnI "eka vAranuM ghara'mAM vatananI sAthe joDAyela bAnAM smaraNa tathA dIvAlone popaDe dAdAnI vAta dvArA sarakI gayelA samayano nirdeza thayo che. kavi niraMjana bhagata balukAkAne aMjali ApatAM kALanI thapATa sAme balukAkA paNa manujajaMtuDA banyAnI hakIkatanuM varNana kare che. sadA nitari nIMgaLe hRdaya chAni bAnI sare have cakita karNa kALa paNa mugdha suNyA kare" 0 ne tema chatAM balukAkAno avAja zAzvata smRti mUkI gayAnuM kahetA kavi niraMjana kahe che. e raNakatI bAnI kALaneya sAMbhaLavAnuM mana thaze "gAyatrI'nA bIjA khaMDamAM kavi madhyAhananuM naryuM khaMDitarUpa Alekhe che. kSaNo be sAMdhatI jANe tUTI gai kALanI kaDI" 11 kavine kALanuM niSkriya vighaTita mithyA ne chalanAbharyuM rUpa sarvatra daSTigocara thAya che. - kavi IzvaracaMdra bhaTTa "samayapaMkhI-1'mAM virATa samaya paMkhInI pAMkhamAMthI sUsavatI kharatI kSaNo aMte vasudhApaTa para motanA retIkaNorUpe chavAyAnuM kahe che. kALanI prakhara gati dhvaMsane race che. "samayapaMkhI-ra'mAM A samayanuM kALanuM vihaga pAMkhane vIMjhatuM AgaLa dhapatuM ullekhAyuM che. kALanI gati avAntare koLatI hovAnuM A kavi kahe che. - priyakAMta maNiyAre kALane pazu sAthe sarakhAvyo che. kALane mATe sau sarakhA che ("kALa' "pratIka') "A kazuM kALanuM re pazu? je maLyuM te udaranI mahIM oratuM sarva e kyAM jatuM ? gAya kADI rahyo siMha ke yonimAMthI hajI prasava re pAmatuM mAnavI Dilma ho bhakSyamAM bheda nA koI ene khare. satata basa carvaNA, draSTrathI rakta kevuM jhare ? zizu ane vRddhano svAda judo nahIM nara ane nAramAM alaga nava koI vRtti rahI" 142 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 344 kALane mATe sau sarakhAM che. jaLamAM mastIthI, sarakatI mAchalI ke ramatamAM magna haraNa, medAnamAM carato ghoDo, gUMjatuM paMkhI, ke gAyane phADI khAto siMha ke pachI yonimAMthI prasava pAmatuM mAnavabALa. kALapazune kazAno bheda nathI. kAvyanAyaka vItI gayelA kALanuM ne bAkI rahelA kALanuM sUcana karatA aDadhA dhoLA ne aDadhA kALA vALane nahi paNa paLane oLatI kAMsakI, kALanA prahAranI tathA mAnavInA mRtyu taraphanI gatinuM sUcana kare che. ('kALa' "samIpa') "pipilikA'mAM paNa mAnavajIvananI nirarthakatAno saMketa apAyo che. mAnavane paNa kALarUpI hAthInA pagane bhArataLe sadA paLepaLe phaphaDavAnuM ja che. ne chatAM jIvavAnuM che. pAnakharamAM pravezatuM parNa, potAnA nIlaraMgane (jIvanatattva) jALavavA mathe tema pelo jIva paNa potAnA caitanyane sAcavavA mathe che. paNa samIrano eka susavATo AvatAM chevaTe, e kharI paDe che. "samayane be ja caraNo che' ema kahevAya che. chatAM A jIva kaMI keTalAMya pagalAMthI kacaDAya che. ne pharI janma kyAre thaze e to koI jANatuM nathI. sAva lIluDA vAMsanA premapiMjarane pelo koro kALa sukavI nAkhe che. enA A pagalAne koI rokI zakatuM nathI. samayanA zilpIne hAtha nathI hotA, ne chatAM kaNamAMthI kadavALI, ladhumAMthI bhavya, arUpamAMthI rUpavAna, zUnyamAMthI jIvanuM sarjana kare che. ne ene prANavAyuthI bharI de che. ne pachI e ja samaya zilpI potAnI kRtine karamAvI de che. maMgeza pADagAMvakara kahe che "kyAreka A kALa temane (sureza dalAlane) ghaDiyALamAM ghUMTAtI samayanI bArAkhaDI jevo lAge che. to kyAreka Tebala para pIdhelI cAhano kapa khAlI thaIne paDyo hoya evo lAge che." 3 pADagAMvakara AgaLa noMdhe che, "AjanA mAnavano samaya paNa bahurUpI che. samaya zokasabhAmAM jAya che. sabhAno pramukha thAya che. potAnA ja mRtyu para bhASaNa kare che. kALanA adhyakSapaNA nIce kALanA mRtyu mATe kALanA bhASaNa pachI "be miniTanuM mauna pALe che. A be miniTanuM mauna' e paNa kALanuM ja ghaTaka." * "dhumADAnI gAMTha chUTe nahi, tUTe nahi, ("simyuni)mAM kALane enA nagna svarUpe jovAnI kAvyanAyakanI jhaMkhanA vyakta thaI che. nava mahinAnAM vastrone haDaselIne prakaTeluM tAjuM bALaka e kALanuM nirvastra svarUpa che. eka kSaNa mATe ja e pragaTe che. (janma samayanI eka ja paLa) ane pharI pAchAM vastro janmamaraNanAM-kALa nahIM kevala kSaNa. kALane to koI kyAM samajI zakyuM che? to kSaNa paNa kALano ja aMza ne ? "kALanI zerImAM kavi sureza dalAla kALanI zerIne kALI gaNAve che. potAnA mRtyu samayanI kalpanA karatA kavi pote kyAMka dUra gayA haze. ema kahe che tyAre kALathI para banavAnI ja vAta pamAya che. to TAMpIne beThelI kALanI kALI phUMkathI kavi sabhAna che. kAraNa jIvana ane maraNanI saMtAkUkaDInI ramatane teo oLakhI gayA che. janmathI maraNa sudhInI jIvanayAtrAnI vAta karatA sureza dalAla ('yAtrA') badhAM ja vaLagaNo vadhIne kyAMka nIkaLI javA mAMge che. janma pahelAM ane mRtyu pachInA kALanA nirAmaya svarUpano sAkSAtkAra thAya che kSaNArdha 1ev P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 345 kALanA nirAmaya svarUpano kSaNArdha sAkSAtkAra thAya che. kALanA sAmrAjyane svIkAryA vinA cAlI zake tema nathI. kALa to ghaDiyALanA pelA bAra AMkaDAonI bahAra-mukta che, ne ApaNe sau enA kedI chIe. kadAca Izvara karatAMya kALa vadhu akaLa ne bhedI che. sureza dalAla potAnI kavitAne mahAkALanA samudramAM taratI eka nAnI hoDI tarIke oLakhAve che. (jIvana paNa) eka sthaLe kavi kALane "bihAmaNA kaThiyArA' tarIke varNave che. ('kApo mA') athuM kapAyeluM vRkSa joI kavine ghaNuM bolyA vinA ghaNuM bolatA kALanA kaThiyArAnA kuhADAnA jakhama yAda Ave che. kALa kadI ghaDiyALamAM purAto nathI. e vAta 'dariyo kadIye nahIM'mAM kavie vyakta karI che. ("yAda Ave che') nalinI mADagAMvakara kahe che, "kALanA satata vahetA pravAhamAMthI thoDIka kSaNo laI AvI kavi ene zAzvatInuM rUpa bakSe che. sarvabhakSI kALamAMthI kavi A mAchalI jevI paLane sAcavIne ahIM laI AvyA che." * jo ke itihAsanAM pustakomAM anaMta chApabhUla sAthe chapAtA virATa kALapuruSanAM pagalAMnA prUpharIDaranuM kAma karavAmAM kavine rasa nathI. jagadIza jozInA mRtyune dasako pUro thavA chatAM kavi emanI hayAtIno anubhava (smaraNa) kare che. (9/8/1988) ne chatAM samayanI chalanAne kavi samajI nathI zakatA. kALane mAthe UbhelA jaraTha pALiyAnuM varNana "pALiyo'mAM nalina rAvala kare che. azvatthAmAnI svagatokti'mAM uttarAnA garbhamAM pharelA brahmAstrane kAla bhagavAnanuM cakra chedI rahyAnI vAta paNa nalina rAvala kare che. to "eka nAmerI vRddhane maLatAMmAM zaizava, tathA yauvanane kALanA samudramAM jharI jatA varSAbiMdu tarIke kavi oLakhAve che. sAMja saratI' kAvyamAM so varasa bharIne bhIDamAM, AMkha nIcI namAvI cAlyo jato vRddha potAnAthI paNa vadhu varasa jUnI ghaDiyALamAMnA sarakatA kALane jue che. | vinoda adhvaryu "saMvatsara' kAvyamAM ("nanditA') kALanA dhummasanI vAta kare che. anaMtanI AMgaLImAM mera vinAnI mALAnI jema samaya sarakato jato hovAnuM kavi kahe che. kALanuM najIka AvI raheluM dhummasa, mRtyunA AgamananuM sUcaka che. * kavi hemaMta desAI 'kALakoza" ("iMgita')mAM kALane pANI kADhavAnA koza sAthe sarakhAve che. jIva ane kALakoza baMne ghUMsarI ja ne? ghora kabaramAM sUtelA samayanI dhUpa thaI raMgIna banI gajhalamAM maheMkyAnI vAta "gajhalamAM' kAvyamAM kavi kare che. ('iMgita) 'vibhUtivaMdanA' kAvyamAM ('sonalamRga') kavi hemaMta desAI "mahAkAla'nI vAta kare che. pRthvI para karoDo mAnavo janme che, jIve che, ne mare che. mahAkAlanI AhutimAM kazuMka azeSa thavAnuM nirakhuM ja hoya che. kavayitrI hIrAbahena pAThaka sadUgata patine uddezI lakhelA "paraloke patra'mAM priyajanano cahero kaMDAravAnA manasUbA sAthe ghaDIbhara kALaneya khaseDI nAkhavA cahe che. surezA majamudAra ('uranAM AMsu) kahe che. putrane kALa harI gayo, eTalo kALa phAvyo. paNa jananInA hRdayamAM phelAyelI enI saurabhane kALa kadI harI zakavAno nathI. tyAM to kALa paNa na phAve. to bIjI bAju putra gayAnI vedanA kALanuM varcasva vyathita haiye svIkAre che. "karuNa kAramI kALaghaDI hA kALajaDe korAI 47 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 0346 putranI mRtyupaLane kavayitrI kAramI kALaghaDI' kahe che. bALakane harI gayelA kALane, bALakanI smRti na laI javA kavayitrI vinave che. anugAMdhIyuga - ane yuddhajanya mRtyu tathA yugadarzana sainikanI aMtima icchA'mAM harizcaMdra bhaTTe svAdhInatA khAtara prANa ApanAra sainikanI vatanaprItine vAcA ApI che. polenDane svAdhInatA apAvanAra mArzala pilusuddaskInuM 1935mAM avasAna thayuM. potAnA maraNa samaye emaNe potAnA zarIrane dezavAsIo vAvelamAM dATavA mAgatA hoya to paNa potAnA hRdayane to vilsAmAM enI mAtAnI kabara AgaLa mAnA paga pAse dATavAnI sUcanA ApI hatI. jethI kALAntaya haMmezA janmabhUmi mAnI caraNarajano sparza paNa e pAme kavi IzvaracaMdra bhaTTa ('vIrone' "parNarava') satanA vijayano ahAleka jagAvavA yuvAnone svAtaMtryasaMgrAmamAM dhasI javA mAthe khAMpaNa bAMdhI raNabhUmimAM zoNita sIMcavA prere che. priyakAMta maNiyAre 'yuddhanuM lohImAM saMhAralIlAnA tAMDavano bhayAnaka saMdarbha gUMthyo che. kavine yuddhajanya paristhiti evI to halAvI gaI che, ke jyAM jayAM e lAla raMga jue che. (ne nathI jotA tyAMya) emane lohInI dhAra ja dekhAya che. pANIno dhodha, kapamAMnI hA, sUpa, tathA chApuM badhAmAMthI jANe lohI TapakatuM dekhAya che. ne "e badhuM lohI pAblo nerudAnuM che' e vicAre kavinA aNue aNumAM Aga lAge che. kavi nalina rAvale "sainikanuM mRtyu'mAM mRtyunI vAta atyaMta kAvyamaya rIte karI che. kavi kahe che, sainikone to roja maraNanI pathArI karI sUvAnuM ne?' sainikanA mRtyue halI gayelA sUnakAranuM e azrudhArA tArAoe bhIMjavI dIdhelI rAtanuM varNana sparzI jAya evuM che. azvatthAmAnI svagatokti' kurukSetranA yuddhajanya avasAdanuM nalina rAvale lakheluM eka sAruM kAvya che. je saune kadAca Living Death' no anubhava karAve che. kurukSetranI chAtI para citkAra karatuM tUTI paDatuM aMdhakAra-paMkhI, mRtyunI mUrtimaMtatAne pragaTa kare che. azvatthAmAM ahIM vyakti nahIM, vRttirUpe pragaTa thAya che. azvatthAmAnA AtmAne dAha deto agni (vairAgni) bahAra nIkaLI samagra zabakSetrane enI nAgacUDamAM laI zvasI rahelA pelA adhakAra paMkhI (mRtyu)nI AMkhomAM takSakanI jema sarake che. drupadaputre UtArI lIdhela pitA droNanA mastakamAMthI vachUTatA lohInA pravAhamAM e avaza taNAya che. e vicAre che. "vRddha, pitAnA dehamAM zuM ATaluM badhuM lohI hatuM? yudhiSThiranA asatyane kAraNe thayelA pitAnA jaDa mRtyue ene bebAkaLo banAvI dIdhelo. "ghuvaDanI AMkhomAM rahetuM mRtyu ATaluM jaDa, hADakA jevuM sapheda jUra evI thIjelI zUnyatAthI bhareluM nathI hotuM" 18 draupadInAM pAMca bALakomAM azvatthAmAne Adi, madhyane aMta poDhelA jaNAyA. enA hRdaye emane raheMsI nAkhavA kahyuM. ne pelA tArakone haNI nAkhyA. enA raktamAM boLAyelA A hAthane kayuM tattva dhoze ? pote potAne nAsI javA kahe che, paNa nAsavuMya kyAM? pAMca P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 347 bALakone raheMsI nAkhyA pachI enA raktAMkita caraNa traNe kAlakhaMDonI bahAra lathaDiyAM letAM cAlatAM hatAM. - kavi pinAkina ThAkore "sat sat tAvana' kAvyamAM ('jhAMkhI ane paDachAyA') aitihAsika saMdarbhe nuruddInanI zahAdatanI vAta karI che. nuruddInanI bIbIe paNa mota mAgI laI AtmahatyA karI hatI. nuruddInane jelamAM paNa aMgrejo taraphathI ghaNo trAsa thato. nuruddIna badhA karatAM satyane vizeSa mahattva Apato. satya ene mana mRtyu karatAMya vadhu mahattvanuM hatuM. kavi hemaMta desAIe duryodhananI aMtima avasthAnuM citra "aMtakSaNa" ("sonala mRga)mAM ApyuM che. kavi kahe che duryodhananA dhabakatA haiyAmAM vedanA ane viSano sAgara ghUghavato. aMtima paLe ene azvatthAmA yAda Ave che. jIvana ne mRtyunA ghora saMdhyAkALe mabalakha asAratA malapatI jANe" 169 aMtimaNe duryodhananA aNu aNune asAratA korI rahI che. uchaLatA rathacakranI jema UbhA thaI bhImane jhapATAmAM laI bhujAonA bharaDAmAM bhIDavAnI icchA hatI. paNa haiye kaMIka chUpuM sorAtuM. chellA zvAsa kAramI vedanAthI sabhara hatA. jIvavuM maravA jevuM lAgatuM. duryodhana mRtyu dvArA yAtanAmukti Icchato. "maruM chuM, maruM chuM, maruM chuM, ne jIvuM chuM'mAM duryodhananI maravAnI prakriyAnuM, sthitinuM vedhaka varNana kavie karyuM che. je sthiti aMte duryodhanane zAtA Ape che. mRtyunI e anubhUti "jIvuM chuMnI paNa chellI ArAmadAyaka pratIti karAve che. anugAMdhIyuga ane aMjalikAvyo bArI bahAra'nA kavi prahalAda pArekhe sva. motIlAla naherane janmazatAbdIe aMjali arpatAM emanA samarpaNane biradAvyuM che. to "divaMgata gurudevane' kAvyamAM kavivara ravIndranAthanA jIvanakAryanI bhavya AkarSakatA pAse mRtyu paNa bhoThuM paDI gayAnI vAta kavie karI che. kavinI bhavya jiMdagI pAse mRtyuya vAmaNuM banI gayuM hatuM. 'AvyuM tuM jiMdagI levA ApI gayuM amaratva e mRtyu paranA kavi ravIndranAthanA jIvananA vijayane ahI biradAvyuM che. - aMgreja kavi "zeline aMjali ApatAM harizcaMdra bhaTTa zelinI dehabaMdhathI mukta abaMdha premanI kalpanAne yAda kare che. zelinA To a skylark' nI 16mI paMkti "Our Sweetest songs are those that tell of saddest thought" . ne tathA emAMnI bhAvanAne jANe ke teo svIkAre che. "rAInera mAriyA rilene' harizcaMdra ApelI karuNAMjali prema ane mRtyuno mahimA gAya che. "varSe varSe jyAM gulo khIlatAM thAye cho ne mRtyulekho-kavinA tArA e zabda thAo jIvanamaraNa Alekha mArA sadAnA" 10 to "maraNonmukha bodulera'ne teo pRthvI para hovA chatAM, pRthvIthI para hovAne lIdhe nabhanA pravAsI tarIke kavie aMjali ApI che. mRtyupathArIe rahelA boleranA vyaktitvane P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 348 ahIM aMjali ApavAmAM AvI che. "gAMdhIjIne kAvyamAM gAMdhIjIe vedanAdevanI vimala smitayukta mUrti doryAnuM kavi kahe che. gAMdhIjInuM tribhuvanavijayI smita kavine evuM ne evuM yAda che. jIvana-jagatanI raMgabhUmi para praveza paNa karyA vinA dUranI saphare upaDI gayelA "mahendrabhagata'ne mATe kavi rAjendra zAha kheda vyakta kare che. kavi bAlamukuMda sva. mohanalAla sUcakane bhikSu akhaMDAnaMdajIne sva. kavi nhAnAlAlane sva. meghANIne, kasturabA tathA gAMdhIjIne aMjali ApatAM kAvyo lakhyAM che. "sva. mohanalAla sUcakane aMjali ApatAM emanA tIkhA taravarATa, tora, bala, joma ane buddhi, chaTAne kavie biradAvyA che. acAnaka karAla kAla chetarI gayAnI anubhUti sau svajanone emanA mRtyuthI thAya che. Ubho huM paDakArato maraNa Ava, unmela te karyo suhRda choDa jo hRdayamAM dharyo e ja meM 171 paNa mitra gayo hovA chatAM navala sakhyano dhavala. moralo nitya nUtana aMkurone janmAve che. mitrane maraNa laI jaI zakyuM, paNa maitrInA choDane caravA kAlamaharSi AvI zake tema nathI. "ke. bhikSu akhaMDanaMdajIne aMjali ApatAM kavie bhikSu, kAyAnAM koTaDAM vaTAvI jyAM mana-vAyunI gati na pahoMce tyAM UDI gayAnuM kahe che. jJAnasAhityanAM koDiyAM emaNe paTAvyAM. AvA mahAnubhAvane kavi AdarapUrvaka vaMde che. karmano daMDa dhArIne, kAyA kIdhI kamaMDala udbodhyo yoga te sAco karmayogI namuM namuM" 72 vIrAMjali sva. kavi zrI nAnAlAlane apAyelI aMjali che. nhAnAlAlane teo bhaDapuruSa" kahI biradAve che. kavitAnA khajAnAnI emaNe kherAta karI hatI. sAbarane tIra rue ziyALu samIra rAma uSA kerI AMkha e rAtI jI cAlato thiyo re vAdI vAjitara melI sUnA kema re kaThaNa karavI chAtI jI" 13 kavi ahIM AMsune AghAM karI bhItaramAM kavino je akhaMDa dIvo jale che, ene jovAnuM kahe che. have to tejamAM teja samAI gayAM che. meghANInA zabdo sajIvana thayAnI vAta "sajIvana zabdomAM karIne AbhanA gAbha cIrI sata kavinA gAjatA bulaMda nAdane kavi yAda kare che. kALanI phALanI sAme paNa TaMkAra karIne e pahADa zabdo sadA sajIvana thatA hoya evI anubhUti thAya che. aMtima ghaDI kAvya kasturabAne apAyelI aMjali che. bApue bAnA mukhamAM zubha gaMgodaka ToyAno prasaMga kavi varNave che. pAse UbhelI paricAra maMDaLIne kasturabA auSadhamAtra have mithyA hovAnuM jaNAve che. mAtra IzvaranuM zaraNuM ja svIkAravA kahe che. "cAlIsa koTi nijano parivAra mUkI levA cahe jananI Aja vidAya chellI" 14 gAtronI uSmA dhIme dhIme kSINa thavA lAge che. jIvanaparNane kharavA mATe mAtra eka phaMkaja have paryApta che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 349 "udhAmo le, atizrama thakI zIrSa UMcuM karIne bAe chellAM zayana raciyAM bApu kerA uchaMge" 75 be najaro maLI, jANe mUka vAto chelle kare che. detAM bAne Aja chellI vidAya bApunIya azruthI AMkha bhIMje." 1 bAe to zULI para seja bichAvI hatI. Akaro kaMTakapaMtha grahyo hato. svAdhInatAyajJamAM teo bali banyAM. "jIvI gayAM bA asidhAra jiMdagI saMsAramAM joDa jati - satInI pharI na AvI jaDavI sudhanya" pa77 nirvANa saMdhyA gAMdhIjIne apAyelI aMjali che. gAMdhIjIe vRttio badhI saMkelI lIdhI hatI. ne citta rAmamAM parovyuM hatuM. saunI vaMdanA hasIne teo jhIlatA. gAMdhIjInI, hatyA karavA UbhelA yuvakane kavi mUrtimaMta "mRtyu' kahe che. "pASANa Ubhe jayama prema sAme rAhu thayA pUnama candra sAme aMdhAra Ubhe jyama teja sAme mRtyu Ubhe jema amartya sAme sAdhu sAme kUDa kapaTa bharyo tema Ubho vighAtI" 18 ne sanasana sana goLI chUTatAM e vibhUti vizvane chellI vaMdanA karI, DhaLI paDe che. kAyAnA pIMjarAM toDI, mAyA sarva karI parI harinA, dhAmamAM UDyo haMsalo harino pharI" 9 harino haMsalo' paNa gAMdhIjIne ja apAyelI aMjali che. gAMdhIjInI hatyA karanArane 'kalaMkI' kahe che. gAMdhInI hatyA karanAra, samagra mAnavajAtano aparAdhI hovAnuM kahe che. jagane khAbaDe AvI caDelA e haMsane mAnavajAta sAcavI na zakI, eno raMja kavi vyakta kare che. gAMdhIjIne kavi have "amaronA atithi' tarIke biradAve che. kavi uzanase "dayArAma smaraNa'mAM dayArAmanA muktaramya jIvanane prazasyuM che. ('prasUna') dayArAmanA nibaMdha jharaNAsamA jIvananuM kavine haMmezA AkarSaNa rahyuM che. jyAre ekasaMta'mAM tilaka bhabhUti vinAnA laMgoTIbhara, yugapravartaka saMta gAMdhIjIne kavie zraddhAMjali arpI che. avirata karuNAno maherAmaNa chalakAvatA gAMdhIne "varAhanA avatAra' tarIke kavi oLakhAve che. "gAMdhIjI'mAM ('Adra') kavi uzanase gAMdhIjInI tejamUrtinI pratimAne ArasapahANamAM DhALatI prajAnA chIcharA Adarza pratye kaTAkSa karyo che. gAMdhIjIne zraddhAMjali ApatA gAMdhIvAraso' kAvyamAM vaNakheDyA khetaramAM chupAyelA pAka jevI emanA vArasAnI tijorIno nirdeza thayo che. uzanas kahe che. "ApaNA saunA pitA mUkI gayA yuddhasvanI karuNA-gItA" 80 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 350 saunA e pitA je vAraso mUkI gayA che e tuM laI zakIza? evo prazna kavi darekane pUche kavi uzanase sva. paMDita naherune aMjali ApatAM ATheka kAvyo lakhyAM che. "adbhutamAM naherunI kALa sAthenI maraNiyA laDAIne biradAvI che. "kAlamardanamAM paNa kAlane dUra hAMkI kADhavAnI naherunI tAkAtano paricaya apAyo che. gAMdhIguruno vArasorTamAM gAMdhIhatyAne sAthe vaNI laI naheru gAMdhI baMnene aMjali arpI che. "bhAgyavidhAtA zilpI'mAM naherunA takhtane kavi zilpInA sajaga suDio sAthe sarakhAve che. "aho hRdayacetanA'mAM kavi uzanasa javAharanA hRdayane isu ane gAMdhInA hRdaya sAthe sarakhAve che. aNadITha rIte aMdarathI vIMdhAyelA hRdayanI bhItaramAM teo chUpA krosane haMmeza UMcakIne cAlyA hovAnuM kavi kahe che. to "ciMtAgrasta cahero'mAM naherunA mukha para sadA vaMcAtI vizvaciMtAlipino kavi nirdeza kare che. naherune teo mUrtimaMta jagatacetanA tarIke oLakhAve che. "samakAlIno vacce'mAM naherunI hayAtIno samagra jagatane romAMca hovAnI vAta karAI che. "zeksapiyara' (saoNneTa yugma) kavIndra-1mAM zeksapiyaranI viziSTatAo biradAvAI che. "vizvaraMgabhUmimAM mAnava to mAtra naTa asaMgI banI rola bhajavavAnI nATyAcAryanI vAta kavine sparzI gaI che. ('raMgadarzana') kavi jayaMta pAThaka "gAMdhIjIne aMjali ApatAM ("marmara') viSAda ke duHkha anubhavatA nathI. gAMdhIjInA guNonI prazasti emaNe gAI che. emane pagale dharitrI aMdhakAramAMthI prakAzamAM Daga mAMDatI thayAnuM gaurava kavi yAda kare che. ne tethI ja gAMdhIjI zarIrathI na hovA chatAM sRSTinA sanAtana rasAyanarUpe sarvatra hovAno temano anubhava thAya che. dhIMgodhorI' saradAra vallabhabhAI paTelane aMjali ApatuM kAvya che. vaja draSTrA dharAvatA siMha sAthe saradArane ahIM sarakhAvAyA che. zrI araviMdanI to mukhya sAdhanA ja jIvate jIvata amaratvadivyatvanI prApti arthe hatI. ema "mRtyu ane zrI araviMda'mAM kavi kahe che. tethI A aMjali kAvyamAM jIvanane maraNanA abhedanI, cetanAnA anaMtapaNAnI vicAraNA kendrasthAne che. manuSyane manu-jaMtu kahenAra ThAkorane jayaMta pAThaka jivyA ghaNuM tame' kahI aMjali arpa che. Ama to mAnavajaMtunI zI ane keTalI majAla? paNa enI kalA enuM jIvana-karma kalArUpa pAme tyAre e anazvara bane che. to "aMjali'mAM strIhRdayanA maramI nhAnAlAlanI kalpanAzakti, tathA emanI kavitAnI amaratAne biradAvI che. sAthe sAthe premazauryanAM gurjarIne pAna karAvanAra narmadane paNa aMjali ApI che. kavinA jIvanano sparza pAmI mRtyuya jANe amara banI gayuM. kavi gayA ja nathI. emaNe to mRtyuneya amaratva bakyuM. "ghAyala'mAM ('aMtarIkSa')mAM Ama to parokSa rIte gAMdhIjIne ja aMjali apAI che. goDasee te divase choDelI pelI traNa goLIo kAvyanAyakanI chAtImAM pesI gaI che. UMDe chupAIne besI gaI che. emanI chAtImAM pharI pharI gAMdhI ghavAya che. kavi niraMjana bhagate "pitA" nAmanA kAvyamAM gAMdhIjIe maraNane paramamitra mAnyAnI vAta karI che. tethI to teoe mRtyune hasate mukhe AvakAryuM. ne dehanAM sakala baMdhanonI citA jalAvI cAlyA gayA. '30mI jAnyuArI, 1948'mAM gAMdhIjInA khUnathI samagra P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 351 prakRtie anubhavela vyathA pragaTa thaI che. ('alpavirAma') ahIM gAMdhIjInI citAnuM kAvyamaya varNana kavie karyuM che. gAMdhIjInA zabane tapanuM zaba' kahevAmAM keTaluM badhuM aucitya che ? gAMdhIjI vyakti maTIne jANe ke tArUpa banI gayA hatA. | 'ballukAkAne aMjali ApatA kavi mitra niraMjana bhagata sau prathama emanA raNakatA avAjane yAda kare che. kadIka trADasamo ne kadIka sukomala maMda mRdu lADabharyo avAja naSTa thayAnuM mAnyAmAM AvatuM nathI. saune manuja-jaMtaMDA" kahenAra kavi paNa kALanI thapATa sAme manuja-jaMtuDA banI gayA. 'rilkanuM mRtyu' kAvyamAM niraMjana bhagate ribenA mRtyuno zoka vyakta nathI karyo. paraMtu e mRtyunuM kavie gaurava karyuM che. - "hekI rahyo jIvanano ja artha nA mRtyu koI kadI kyAMya vyartha" 181 jemAM mRtyumAM mahekatA jIvanArthane sUcita karyo che. kavi mRtyune nirarthaka mAnatA nathI. prema ja to rilkane mRtyuno anubhava karAvyo, ne jIvanamRtyu baMne dhanya banI gayAM. priyakAMta maNiyAre "chevaTanI kSaNo lagI' nAmanuM (samIpa') sva. dezaLajIbhAInA mRtyu nimitte kAvya lakhyuM. komaLa saMvedanAmAM sadgatano mRtyu prasaMga kavie DhALyo che. pAnanI ratima jhAMyaneya kavi yAda kare che. "anaMtanA he AyuSyamana' ('samIpa') gAMdhIzatAbdI nimitte apAyelI zraddhAMjali che. AvA virala AtmAne varSonA AMkaDAthI na mUlavAya. tethI to kavi emane anaMtanA AyuSyamAna tarIke saMbodhe che. gAMdhInA mRtyune saMpUrNa "samarpaNano mahotsava kavi kahe che. "vidAyanI e kSaNa ja nahIM azru saMto kSaNa kSaNa janma dhare ne mRtyune ema AchuM kare" 82 naherune aMjali ApatA "itihAsakAra itihAsamAM' kAvyamAM naherane jagatapuruSa tarIke biradAvyA che. kavi kahe che. "dIvo bujhAI gayo paNa prakAza ApaNane maLyo che. javAharanA mRtyu sAthe azarIrI gAMdhInI AMkha paNa bhInI thayAnuM kavi kahe che. - kavayitrI gItAblena parIkha mRtyu thavA chatAM javAharalAla naherunI zAzvata teja jyotano ullekha karI ('avani-amRta) naherune avaninA amRta tarIke biradAve che. mRtyu pAmI jANe teoe maraNane navajanma Apyo. kavayitrI kahe che mRtyu emanA navajanma vaDe baDabhAgI thayuM. gItAbdane suprasiddha saMgItakAra zrI yazavaMtarAva purohitanI AtmahatyA saMdarbhe "aprasiddha rAga' kAvya lakhyuM. zAMta ne svastha surIlatAmAM jemanuM jIvana ja svayaM saMgIta' banI gayeluM. kavayitrI prazna kare che, "emaNe mRtyune sAmethI kema nimaMtrya'? mRtyu pachInA e ajANa deze zuM koI aprasiddha rAga chupAyo haze? enI zodhamAM to e nathI cAlyA gayA ne ? gItAbahena "prajJAcakSu paMDita sukhalAlajIne' bhavya daSTA tarIke sanmAne che. bAhya daSTie vilIna thayelA e mahAnubhAvanA adITha rUpane hajuya kavayitrI prArthe che. - sureza dalAla "ravIndranAthane kavana sRSTinA "vAsava' tarIke oLakhAve che. ("ekAMta') "kavi kAntane aMjali ApatAM sureza dalAle ('tArIkhanuM ghara') kavinA ekAMtane kAntanAM ' 182 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust.

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 352 kAvyoe bharI dIdhAno ekarAra vyakta karyo che. mRtyu, maMthana ane klezane zAMta karI zake? kAntanI e zAzvata mathAmaNane kavi ahIM ullekha che." "ba. ka. ThAkorane aMjali ApatAM sureza dalAla emanI lAkSaNikatAone biradAve che. kALa paNa e kavine mAnamaratabo Apato. saddagata munazIjIne aMjali ApatAM sureza dalAla emanI sarjana sRSTi narI cAMdanI pIne prasarI hovAnuM kahe che. munazIjIne upADI janAra kALane kavi kALo kahe che. ahIMthI jatAM jatAM rAvajI paTelanI ukti'mAM vRddhAvasthA oLaMgyA vinA ja mRtyune dvAra pahoMcI gayelA rAvajInI adhUrI jhaMkhanAo, rAvajIne pharI ahIM janmAvaze, evI kalpanA kavi kare che. potAnA navA janmane mauna dvArA satkAravAnuM kahI cAlyA gayA che rAvajI. sva. bhUpatabhAIne" ("pirAmiDa') aMjali ApatAM kavi sureza dalAlane prazna thAya che, "janAra to pachI mRtyune potAno mitra banAvI nirAMte enI lagolaga besI kyAMka kophI pItuM haze'ne ahIM AkhI nagarI enA vinA zokasabhAmAM pheravAI jAya che. kavino atipriya dosta jagadIza avasAna pAme che, tyAre emanuM haiyuM hacamacI UThe che, ne 'priya dosta jagadIzane mANasabhUkhyA mANasane kAvyanuM sarjana thaI jAya che. bIjamAMthI phUTelI e DALane akALe kApI nAkhanAra mRtyu pratye kyAreka roSa, to kyAreka rIsa caDe che. "kavi veNIbhAI'nA avasAne sureza dalAla kavitAnI vanarAI sUnI banyAno jANe ke anubhava kare che. "paMcAmRtano pArAvAra cUpa thaI vAdaLamAM poDhI gayo' kahI veNIbhAInA mRtyuneya kavie kAvyamaya banAvI dIdhuM che. zANapaNanA gItane hRdayamAM laI rekhAomAM vahI eka pAgala vAvAjhoDAnI jema kALanAM jaMgalone pAra karI gayelA citrakAra vAna goghanA saMkalpaniSTha caherAne yAda karatAM kavine emanI pAIpamAMthI nIkaLato dhumADo, jIvate jIvata citA saLagatI hoya evo lAgato priyajananA parighanI bahAra nIkaLI gayelA mRtyu pAmelA) kAvyanAyaka potAne yAda karavAnuM nirarthaka gaNAve che. jIvanamAM satata ghaNuM gumAvatA rahelA, ne chatAM raMgabhInI pIMchI ghumAvatA rahelA citrakAra "rabrAMtane aMjali ApatAM kavi kahe che. nirdaya mRtyue traNatraNa dIkarA tathA patnI para potAno mAlikIno hakka sthApyA pachI e citrakAre vedanAnA kALA raMgane aneka rUpALA raMgonI pAchaLa chupAvI rAkhyo, ne jIvatAM jIvata mRtyunI vedanA anubhavI. sureza jozI jatAM havAmAM madhumAlatInAM DUsakAM rahyAnuM kavi kahe che. ("sureza jozI" "yAda Ave che') bodalera ane TAgora vacce vaherAto e jIva ajANyA pramANa mATe vahelo upaDI gayAnuM kavi kahe che. ne tethI "tUTelA jhAMjharanI ghUgharI laIne mRNAla raDe che. "eTalI badhI khAlI jagA che"mAM caherAo cAlI gayA pachI vedanA vyakta thaI che. potAnA janmadivase maLelAM phUlone mAtAnI kabara para mUkavA jatI inagrIDa barnamena yAda Ave che. beThAbeThA niyati nirmita mRtyuno svIkAra karI potAnI patnIne A vIsamI sadImAM mRtyu pAmelA , mANasano zoka aDadho kalAkathI vizeSa pALavo poSAya nahi' ema patramAM AzvAsana Apato najhIma hikAta yAda Ave che. najhIma bhale zoka pALavAnI nA kahe, paNa A kavi to manasukhalAla jhaverI, jagadIza jozI, maDiyA, maNilAla, rAvajI, priyakAMta ane mRNAla maDhyo sureza jozIno avAja kazuM bhUlI zakatA nathI. (zoka pALavAno nathI hoto, paLAI jAya che.) P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 353 - sva. prahalAda pArekhanA mRtyusaMdarbhe racAyeluM nalina rAvaLanuM "kavinuM mRtyu" kAvya koIpaNa kavinA mRtyune sparze evuM sAdhAraNIkRta banyuM che. suhAmaNuM tArakateja paherIne AvelI, khububharyA svarganI layalubdha apsarA evuM kahyuM lagIta-kavigIta sAMbhaLI gaI ke, unmAdamAM phUlane ja cUMTIne laI gaI. nalina rAvaLa ("kAvyamAM') AkAzamAM AkAza banI patharAyelI kAntanI najarane mIThI kahe che. daladala khIlelA aMdhAramAM hoLA phUlanI phorama banI mahorelI e najara ghUghavatA tArakonA ramya dariyAvanI zILI laharamAM lahara banI badhe zAMtimAM chavAI gayAnuM kavi kahe che. ke pachI ko gahana svapna thaI saMvegamAM UDI gaI. jenI nIrava gatine have A kavi kadIka kAntanAM kAvyamAM, ke kadIka potAnAM kAvyomAM sAMbhaLe che. javAhara mATe nalina rAvala kahe che, "jANe rAtuM gulAba phUla thaI pRthvI para avataryuM hoya, kadIka e evuM khilakhila hasyuM ke parIoe jaI doDI cUmI lIdhuM, to kyAreka dezadAjha, yAtanAe karIne UMDuM UMDuM raDyuM-ne AMkhanuM nAnakaDuM AMsu kakaLI UThya-ne pachI vizvamAM mRdu saurabhano puMja pAtharI eka bapore kiraNonI pAMkha para UDI dyutimaMDaLonI pelI pAra uchaLatA jhalamala divya tejasAgare taratA sUryasAgaramAM, anaMtamAM bhaLI gayuM. zrI jayaMtI dalAlanI prathama puNyatithi prasaMge aMjali ApatAM kavi kahe che, emanuM avasAna thatAM emano graMthakhaMDa sUno thaI gayo. e raNakato avAja-bharyo cahero, tAjA taDakA jevI tabakatI AMkho, kavinI AMkhe taravare che. "maNilAla desAI'ne aMjali ApatAM nalina rAvaLa kahe che, kALA unALAmAM sasaDatA ne khAlI avAjomAM khakhaDatA zaherane emaNe artha Apelo. chalakata svapnabharyA jIvananI kAvyapothI ema emaNe mRtyune zuM dharI dIdhI e samajAtuM nathI. porTugIjha bhASAmAM racAyeluM brAjhilanI kavayitrI sesIlIAnuM gAMdhIjInI hatyA vizenuM karuNa kAvya (gAMdhIjInI hatyA') A kavine stabdha banAve che. nalina rAvaLa kahe che, kevI haze sarvAnubhUtinI e kSaNa, jyAre eka sukumAra AtmAe gAMdhIjInA mRtyumAM potAnA uttamAMgane niHzeSa thato joyo. "hatyArAne AziSa detA saMto nIravapaNe mRtyune bheTe mArA zvAsa mahIM tuM meLava tArA chellA zvAsa pharI, jyAre mAnava karaze sAda kholazuM ApaNe tyAre AMkha" 183 . ahIM kavayitrInI, Atmanirveda pragaTAvatI paMktiomAM A kavine manuSyatvano uttama marma pragaTa thato dekhAya che. kavi hemaMta desAI 'gAMdhIsmRti' kAvyamAM 'sonalamRga') rAmanAma laI prANa choDanArA hasatA bApunI prANazaktinA guNAnuvAda gAya che. gAMdhI jyAM janmyA, jIvyA e dharAne kavi dhanya mAne che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 354 kavi DAhyAbhAI paTela "premapathika zeli'ne aMjali ApatAM zarUmAM zelinI saudaryabhAvanA, tathA praNayabhAvanAne aMjali Ape che. kavinI dehamUrti rahI nathI. chatAM subhaga divyadarzana thAya che. zelie prabodhelo premAbdhi naSTa na thayAnuM kavi kahe che. virATa' kAvyamAM DAhyAbhAI gAMdhIjInI AphrikAnI AtmakathanIne padyamAM rajU kare che. jIvana, mRtyunI sImA vaTAvI vizvamAM amara thaze, evI jANe bhaviSyavANI karanArano vacano sAcAM paDatAM hoya tema aMte A vibhUtie mRtyune vahAluM karyAnuM kavi kahe che. - kavi nAthAlAla dave ('jAhnavI') "prayANa) kAvyamAM gAMdhIjInI hatyA saMdarbhe kahe che. AvAM prayANa kayyAM na hatAM." satanI samazera vIMjhIne gAMdhI cAlyA gayAnuM kavi kahe che. gIta, vyAkhyAna, zabdAMjalithI gAMdhIjInA jIvana tathA mRtyunuM tarpaNa karavuM azakya hovAnuM kavi nAthAlAla 'tarpaNa" kAvyamAM kahe che. anugAMdhIyuga - mRtyujhaMkhanA kavi harizcaMdra prabhunA premano aMcaLo oDhI bhagavo veza levAnI tamannA kare che. karALa kALane ghoLIne pIvAnI emanI jhaMkhanA hatI. narmadanI jema harizcaMdra paNa potAnA mRtyu mATe duHkhanAM AMsu na kheravavA kahe che. "ama aMtaranI AziSa laine amane maravA dejo" 184 harizcaMdra khUba anAsaktabhAve yAce che ke sau emane bhUlI jAya. "amane yAda kadI nA karajo mRtyu bAda emane koI yAda kare evI tRSNAvAsanA teo rAkhatA na hatA. saMbaMdhonA tANavANAno cheda UDI jAya e kadAca emane gamatuM haze ? AtmAne teo baMdhanamukta karavA icchatA hatA. mRtyu pachI, pharI kyAMka koI janmamAM maLavAnuM evI tRSNAvAsanA paNa kavi rAkhatA nathI. e kazAno koI artha paNa nathI, ema teo mAnatA. "jIvanavilaya" (dhvani') kAvyamAM svastha, zAMta, tRptacittavALA, ajaMpA ke udhAmA vinAnA mRtyunI pratIkSAnI vAta kavi rAjendra zAha kare che. parama svasthatAnI anubhUtinI vAta ahIM karAI che. "Izvara samudra che, ane pote mojuM che' evo bheda paNa have raheto nathI. kavi uzanasa vyAkuLa vaiSNava' saMgrahamAM zarUmAM kahe che, maTI javA jhaMkhI rahuM aplAna bhAvi sama huM kemake janma cahuM" "I long to die for I want to be fresh Like future" maTI javAnI jhaMkhanAmAM zarIranA maTI javAnI ja vAta che. ne to ja to navAMkura dhArI zakAya ne? "huM kema ke janma cahuM' navo tAjo janma meLavavA dehane maravuM to paDe ja. kavine mokSanI vAMchanA nathI. navapallavita kusuma samA praphullita navajanmanI kavine jhaMkhanA che. zrAMta jIvanane zAMta karI devA jhaMkhatA kavi "kAvya-4) Izvarane prArthI emanA caraNamAM ogaLI javAnI dhanya ghaDIno anubhava kare che. emane have alaga rUpanI jhaMkhanA nathI. potAnA P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 355 nAmane teo ogALI nAkhavA mAge che. to bIjI bAju "ava kazuM nahi pharI' paNa kahe che. "thAya che tyAre mAM ('ArkA') deha mRtyu pAmyA pachI paNa nAma amara thaI jAya evuM kAma karI javAnI uzanas nI jhaMkhanA vyakta thaI che. anahadanA deze javAnI jhaMkhanA sevatA kavi "66'mAM kAvyamAM "ava eve deza pravAsa pada pada yahIM maMjhila" 18 kAvyanAyikAnI jhaMkhanA e kadAca kavinI paNa jhaMkhanA "bahAra nahi, sthaLamAM nahi, paLamAM nahi, aMtarataramAM, milananI anubhUti pUrNapaNe karatI nAyikA (kAvya-67)ne aMtima milananI ArajU che. mokSa ane muktinI jhaMkhanA ahIM vyakta thaI che. "ava kazuM nahIM, jarI ava kazuM nahIM' pharI" 180 mana prazAMta bane che jANe janmajanmanA pherAmAMthI mukta thavAya che. svargamAMthI paNa pAchA pharavA mAgatA rakhaDuM haiyuM dharAvatA kavi uzanas nI pRthvI pratyenI prIta "A rastAo'mAM ("spaMda ane chaMda') vyakta thaI che. paganI mudrA vinAnA rahI gayelA kaMIka rastA haju khUMdavAnI jhaMkhanA temanI che. Ama to kyAreka muktinIye jhaMkhanA karI besatA A kavine pharI janmavA sAme koI virodha nathI ja. paNa janmavAnuM ja hoya to e ja mAnA vatsala udaramAM pharIpharIne janmojanmanI zreNI pUrI karavAnI abhilASA temanI che.. pharI pAchA nIDe, nIDathI dharatImAM maLI javuM, pharI pAchA iMDe jananI tava janmI pharakavuM" 80 e ja mAne peTe vAraMvAra janmavAnI kavi uzanasa nI abhilASA vyakta thaI che. kavi jayaMta pAThaka samRddha jIvana vikAsakramanI abhilASA seve che. ("vAMchA" "marmara') mRtyunI nizA veLAe suMdara smaraNauDuo pUMThe mUkI javA paNa teo utsuka che. aneka janmonI A avirata lAMbI yAtrAmAM kavi jarA badhAne maLavAnI jhaMkhanA seve che. (Avyo chuM to') "dUra nathI'mAM jiMdagInI majalano thAka dUra thAya, ne hAzakAro anubhavI zakAya evI jhaMkhanA sevatA kavi aMte to mRtyudinanI ja jhaMkhanA seve che. rudana badhAM zamI jAya, ne vizvavINA saMgIta laye naryo saMvAda anubhavAya evI emanI tamannA vyakta thaI che. divasane aMte ('marmara' "dinAnta') jiMdagIne aMte gharabhaNI jatAM (melAM vastro sAthe) 'pAchA vaLe tyAre potAne khoLe A kAvyanAyakane laI jANe prabhuneya dhanya banAvavA kavi prere che. arthAta prabhu emanA khoLe emane laI le evI jhaMkhanA ahIM vyakta thaI che. to jiMdagIno aMta saoNneTanI jema coTadAra hoya evI abhilASA jayaMta pAThakanI che. ("soneTa jevI" "vismaya') "paMthane aMte')no kAvyanAyaka ('aMtarIkSa') jIvanapathane aMte ekalo, aTUlo, thaI jatAM koIkanA milananI icchA rAkhe che. ('paMthane aMte "jIvI gayo hota'("aMtarIkSa') kAvyanAyakanI potAnA aMta samayanI premajhaMkhanA vyakta thaI che. jyAre "mAre javuM nathI"mAM "anaMtapathe javAnI abhilASA vyakta thaI che. 26 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 356 bacubhAInuM svargArohaNa ane zokasabhA eka hevAlamAM kalpataru nAmanA vRkSa pAse pRthvI para pAchA javAnI yAcanA, kadAca kavinI paNa punarjanma jhaMkhanA hoI zake. pAchA nadI, vRkSa, ne DuMgaramAM AvI javAnI bacubhAInI jhaMkhanA, jayaMta pAThakanI ja jhaMkhanAnuM pratibiMba pADe che. "gAyatrImAM vyakta thayelI bhavya icchAmRtyunI jhaMkhanA, niraMjana bhagatanI ja abhilASAnuM pratIka banI rahe che. je kadAca mAnavamAtranI paNa jhaMkhanA banI rahe che. "sarvanA mukta AtmAmAM tAruM tuM vIrya sthApaje Ape to bhavya ko mRtyu icchAmRtyu Apaje 188 kavi priyakAMta maNiyAre viyoga' kAvyamAM viziSTa jhaMkhanA vyakta karI che. ahIM potAnuM mRtyu thayA pachI e zarIrane jaLasamAdhi ApavA nA kahevAI che. potAnA dehane kRSNanI priya evI vanarAjimAM rAkhavA vinave che. kAraNa ene zraddhA che ke koka divasa paNa kRSNanAM caraNakamaLa tyAM padhAraze ne tyAre emane joI aceta zarIra paNa jAgI jaze. chellI ghaDI hovAnI khabara chellI ghaDIneya na paDe evuM Akasmika mRtyu vAMchatA kavi sureza dalAla icche che ke mRtyu madhura rUpa laIne Ave. teo cheka sudhI satata kAryarata rahevA mAge che. ('ekAMta) "jaI samayanI pAra' ('tArIkhanuM ghara')mAM samayanI mRtyunI pAra javAnI icchA vyakta thaI che. sureza dalAlane emanAM kAryo ane pustako rUpe satata gatizIla rahevuM che. ziSTAcAramAM emane rasa nathI. caitanya dhabakatA haiye ane vyaktitve je gharamAM pharatA hoIe e gharanI dIvAla para hAra jaDelA phoTA thaIne zI rIte laTakI zakAya ? emane to mRtyubAda gharanA AMgaNAmAMnA jhADa para adITha havAno jhoko thaI jhUmavuM che. potAnA ja AMgaNamAM uMbara parano taDako thaI phelAI javuM che. sAMjanA dIvATANe AchA aMdhAra banI relAI javuM che. ne rAtre svajananA ozikAnI pAse pArijAtano surabhila zvAsa thaIne cUmI rahevAno talasATa che. jIvatAM jIvatA maraNanI vAto karavI ne priya svajananI AMkha sAme ja kharI javuM, ne kharyA pachI priyAnAM AMsuthI bhItara ne bhItara khIlI UThavuM e kavi sureza dalAlane mana gamatI vAta che. kavi oNDanane maLyuM hatuM, evA icchAmRtyunI sureza dalAlane paNa jhaMkhanA che. "kavitAnI vAta karyA pachI hajI to kavitAnA zabdono svAda kAnamAM hoya, tyAre koI paNa rAva ke phariyAda vinA AvI cUpakIthI cAlyA javuM mane paNa game oDana" 189 ne chatAM paDakAra sAthe e kahI zake che ke teo eTalI sahelAIthI maraNanA sakaMjAmAM jhaDapAvAnA nathI. kAraNa sAsare jatI dIkarInI vidAyaveLAnAM spaMdano mANavAM che. patnInA saphedavALanI vacce lAla kaMkuno raMga nihALavo che. ne kaMI keTalAya kavionAM kAvyo vAMcavA P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 357 che. maraNa potAnI sAthe aMcaI kare e pahelAM kAvyanAyaka (kavi ?) pote ja jIvanamukta banI mRtyuno sahaja svIkAra karavAnI abhilASA seve che. mRtyu acAnaka AvI Azcarya Ape e pahelAM ene oLakhI levAnI jhaMkhanA kavinI che. garuDe caDI giradhArI Avaze, evI pUrI zraddhA paNa kavine che ja. pharI pAchAM gujarAtI kavitAnI kuMjagalImAM kavitAnA pradezamAM avataravAnIye jhaMkhanA sureza dalAlanI kharI ja ('hatheLImAM brahmAMDa) to naciketAnI jemaja bALaka banIne karuNAnidhAna pAse mRtyunuM rahasya samajavAnI paNa kavinI abhilASA che. mRtyune oLakhyA ke pAmyA vinA ene vaza thavAnuM teo icchatA nathI. mRtyune pUrNatAthI pAmavA icche che. ("huM tane lakhuM chuM') tethI to teo jIvanane paNa bharapUra jIvI levA, zvasI levA mAge che. "AvatI kAle kayA jhADa para kayA jhADanI kaI DALa para mAro mALo che ke nahi ene mATe huM AkAza vinAnA AkAzamAM UDyA karuM chuM" 190 daMbhI jIvana karatAM mRtyunI sugaMdha kavine vizeSa sparze che. tethIja citAnAM phUlomAM emane jIvananI sugaMdha Ave che. 'huM tane lakhuM chuM'nI chellI kavitAmAM kazuM na karavAnI jhaMkhanA pragaTa thaI che. teo potAne mATe jIvavA mAgatA nathI, ke koIne mATe maravA icchatA nathI. sAkSIbhAve teo jIvanane joyA karavA icche che. pelA ghavAyelA sainikanI vedanA mAnavamAtranI vedanA che. mRtyune kavi zAMtino paryAya gaNe che. A navI yuddhabhUmino anubhava karato sainika yuddhamAM eka ja jhATake marI gayo hota to sAruM hatuM ema vicAre che. jIvanayuddhamAM kaTake kaTake kAkhaghoDIe cAlavuM gamatuM nathI. jenA samayano paga kapAyo che. evo e sainika have kabaranI zAMti icche che. mRtyunI jhaMkhanA karato A kAvyanAyaka mRtyunI e vATa prakAzavaMtI hovAnuM eTalA mATe kahe che ke sUrajanA e kiraNonI keDI para mRta patnInuM milana thaze. kAvyanAyaka (kavi) potAnA mRtyunA svarUpanI kalpanA karatAM kahe che. "huM to icchuM mArA gharamAM mArI ja pathArI para pustakonA sAnnidhyamAM mAruM mRtyu DALathI phUlane koI cUMTI jAya ane bIje kyAMka laI jAya e mane nathI gamatuM DALa para phUla ApameLe murajhAya evuM mAruM mRtyu mArI AMkha sAme patnIno zAMta cahero" 191 varamAM P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 358 kavi sureza dalAla pustakonA sAnidhyamAM, DALa para sahaja rIte murajhAtA puSpanI jema, AMkha sAme patnInA zAMta caherAnI samakSa maravA icche che. icchAmRtyunuM varadAna maLyuM che evo kAvyanAyaka ('icchAmRtyu "sAyujaya' hasamukha pAThaka) potAnuM mRtyu aMte amRtamaya kSaNa laI Ave evI jhaMkhanA (AtmAnI amaratA ?) seve che. nathI re jAvuM ne mAre nathI re pAchA AvavuM kahetA kavi pinAkina ThAkora ('eka ja palaka ajaMpa")mAM janmamRtyunA vArApherAmAMthI mukti pAmavAnI icchA dharAve che. dharatInI dhULamAM bhaLI javAnI emanI icchA che. palamAM janma, mRtyu paNa palamAM e jIvananI amaratA" 192 mRtyu paNa eka sahaja amathI nAnI paLamAM Ave evI kavinI jhaMkhanA che, ne e ja emanI amaratA. | kavi hemaMta desAInI jhaMkhanA mRtyu pahelAM kaMIka ApI javAnI che. teo vizvane potAnA suMdara amUlya astitvano adhya ApI javA icche che. "mRtyune' ('sonala mRga') kAvyamAM jIvananI nirarthakatAne lIdhe sevAyelI mRtyujhaMkhanA vyakta thaI che. "tuM Ava, aya mRtyu dhAra mujane tavAzleSamAM" 193 ahIM jIvana akAruM banatAM mRtyune nimaMtraNa Apato kAvyanAyaka mRtyu ene potAnA AzleSamAM le evI icchA vyakta thaI che. ajANI bhomanAM gAna jenA haiye jAgyAM che evo mAnava ('taphAvata' "jAhnavI') potAnA prANane agamapaMthe prayANa karavA vinave che. (nAthAlAla dave) surezA majamudAra potAnA yuvAna putra cittaraMjananA avasAna pachI ('uranA AMsu) zoka, AghAta ane duHkhane dUra karavAnI auSadhi jhaMkhe che. koI mahAjagIne potAnuM duHkha vidAravAnI jaDIbuTTI laI AvavA teo prArthe che. pati mRtyu pAmatAM jemanA prANe, gehe, vi, zUnyatAnI mUka vyathA vyApI' vaLI che. jenAM badhAM ja sukhano saMhAra thaI gayo che, evAM kavayitrI hIrAbahena pAThaka sagata pati pAsethI becAra dilAsAnA veNanI abhilASA rAkhe che. paNa e zakya nathI, e samajAtAM marmavedhaka karuNa vyakta thAya che. jatAM jatAM saheja izAro karI teo patra lakhavAnA nathI ema kahyuM hota to A jhaMkhanAnA jhurApAnI, AvI jhALa to na lAgata. paNa jJAnano lAgaNI para jayAre vijaya thAya che, tyAre pachI kavayitrIne zenAya oratA nathI rahetA. ihaloka choDavAno samaya AvI lAgatAM, priya prati cAlI nIkaLavAnI jhaMkhanA jAge che. pati pAse jatAM pahelAMnI IhalokanI chellI veLAnI, panotI paLanI kathA teo karI levA icche che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 359 6. pAdaTIpa paribaLo pRSTha naMbara 337 1. DaoN. dhIrubhAI ThAkara vigata arvAcIna gujarAtI sAhityanI vikAsarekhA bhAga-2 ejana 338 ejana 339 ejana ejana je che 4 saM ka che $ 9 ja ejana ejana ejana ejana 340 341 342 343 348, 349 351 3pa1, 3para 354 3pa7 359 u64 366 370 375 376 12. 378 ejana ejana ejana ejana ejana ejana ejana ejana ejana ejana ejana ejana ejana ejana ejana ejana ejana ejana ejana ejana ejana ejana ejana 23. 24: 380 382 383 389 391 391 395 401 403 403 409 414 421 422 425 29. 30. 32. 34. ejana P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 360 - (1) pRSTha naMbara harIzcaMdra bhaTTa DaoN. dhIrubhAI ThAkara 158 386 3ra bAlamukuMda dave sureza dalAla bAlamukuMda dave 204, 205 142 105 je 4 v $ $ $ 9 = praphlAda pArekha 106 13ra 87 uzanas 1 2 w a.naM. vigata svapnaprayANa arvAcIna gujarAtI sAhityanI vikAsarekhA-2 parikramA kavi paricaya parikramA' ejana ejana bArIbahAra' tRNano graha' ejana rUpanAM laya" 12. "madhuspaMda' . 13. vyomalipi' 'hatheLImAM brahmAMDa riyAjha 16. visaMgati' 17. ejana 18. pavananA azva" 20. ejana 21. huM tane lakhuM chuM rara. "sonalamRga' ra3. paraloke patra" ejana ejana ejana ejana ejana uzanasa IzvaracaMdra bhaTTa priyakAMta maNiyAra sureza dalAla sureza dalAla sureza dalAla 113 14. 15. 29 3ra 136 84 sureza dalAla sureza dalAla 19. 154 112 sureza dalAla hemaMta desAI hIrAblena pAThaka 45 73 86 93 108 ejana 110 3ra. harizcaMdra bhaTTa ejana ejana . "svapnaprayANa ejana. saMkalita kavitA" ejana ejana 139 148 144 147 17 219 388 34. rAjendra zAha 3pa. 36. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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0 uzanas 0 0 S 0 67 para. pa3. 54. papa. arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 361 37. ejana 636 38. ejana 894 39. paMcavarSA rAjendra zAha 40. ejana 41. Adra uzanasa 42. "vyAkuLa vaiSNava uzanas 43. 'tRNano graha uzanas 44. "spaMda ane chaMda 45. ejana 46. ejana 47. "vIthikA' uzanasa 48. rUpanA laya' uzanasa ejana 109 ejana 114 ejana 115 ejana 147 'vismaya' jayaMta pAThaka jayaMta pAThaka 56 sarga aMtarIkSa jayaMta pAThaka pada. anunaya' jayaMta pAThaka "mRgayA' jayaMta pAThaka mRgayA' jayaMta pAThaka zULI upara seja A 59. jayaMta pAThaka 10 60. ejana 61. ejana 104 62. madhuryAdA IzvaracaMdra bhaTTa 30 chaMdolaya' niraMjana bhagata 230 236 ejana ejana 64 ejana 67. ejana 214 ejana pratIka priyakAMta maNiyAra ejana "samIpa priyakAMta maNiyAra 7ra. ejana 74. ejana 75. "bhInAza' . gItA parIkha 76. 2 ejana P. AC Gunratnasuri M:S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust 57. 58 15 63. 64. w w 68. 71. ejana ha 2.

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6 ja ? 87. 88. 1 90. 92. 30 ejana arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 362 77. ejana 59 78. simphani' sureza dalAla 4ra "nAma lakhI dauM sureza dalAla 141 80. pirAmiDa sureza dalAla ejana 27 ejana 83. riyAjha' sureza dalAla 'visaMgati' sureza dalAla 85. skAIkrepara' sureza dalAla 85 86. ejana 136 koI rastAnI dhAre dhAre sureza dalAla pavananA azva' sureza dalAla 89. ejana ejana 89 ejana 91. hatheLImAM brahmAMDa sureza dalAla 113 93. ejana 194. mAyApraveza 95. 96. eka ja palaka ajaMpa pinAkina ThAkora 97. ejana 114 iMgita' hemaMta desAI 99. maheka najaronI maheka sapanonI hemaMta desAI 100. "sonalamRga hemaMta desAI 101. "paraloke patra hirAnTena pAThaka 108 102. "uranAM AMsu surezA majamudAra 103. ejana 57 104. "vIthikA uzanasa 10 10pa. "rUpanA laya' uzanas 114 106. ejana 114 107. ejana 115 108. "vagaDAno zvAsa jayaMta pAThaka 109. vismaya jayaMta pAThaka 68 110. "chaMdolaya'. niraMjana bhagata 236 111. "saMkalita kavitA rAjendra zAha 16 112. ejana 113. ejana 16 114. ejana 17 115. ejana 407 116. ejana 636 P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust 57 34 16

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74 Om 83 89 arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 363 117. ejana 918 118. "rUpanA laya" uzanasa 115 119. "vyAkuLa vaiSNava uzanasa 120. "mRgayA" jayaMta pAThaka 121. "zULI upara seja' jayaMta pAThaka 1rara. ejana 123. "parNarava' IzvaracaMdra bhaTTa 124. "madhuspaMda' IzvaracaMdra bhaTTa 125. "samIpa' priyakAMta maNiyAra 126. bhInAza' gItA parIkha 127. "sAyujaya" hasamukha pAThaka 128. "ekaja palaka ajaMpa" pinAkina ThAkora 129. "sonalamRga' hemaMta desAI 130. ejana 131. "paraloke patra . hIrAbdana pATha 132. ejana 133. ejana 171 134. ejana 13pa. "bArIbahAra' praphlAda pArekha 136. ejana 137. "svapnaprayANa harizcaMdra bhaTTa 17 138. "vyAkuLa vaiSNava(prastAvanA) uzanasa 17 ra7. 139. "chaMdolaya' niraMjana bhagata 140. ejana 141. "tArIkhanuM ghara sureza dalAla 142. "pavananA azva sureza dalAla 146 143. ejana 144. "hatheLImAM brahmAMDa sureza dalAla 104 34 hemaMta desAI 145. "maheka najaronI maheka sapanonI' 30 146. "paraloke patra" hIrAbena pAThaka 147. ejana 148. ejana 148 149. ejana 150. "svapnaprayANa harizcaMdra bhaTTa 151. "rAjendra niraMjana yuganI kavitA prasAda brahmabhaTTa 139 15ra. "parikramA bAlamukuMda dave 153. "vyAkuLa vaiSNava" uzanas 29 154. ejana 155. ejana 156 Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust 249 FO 3 162 38 P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S.

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5 109 30 3ra 174 232 40 10 112 hara arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 364 156. "tRNano graha uzanasa 157. "rUpanA laya" uzanasa 158. vagaDAno zvAsa" jayaMta pAThaka (prastAvanA) surezadalAla 159. ejana 160. chaMdolaya" niraMjana bhagata 161. ejana 162. "pratIka priyakAMta maNiyAra 163. "astitva sureza dalAla (prastAvanA). 164. ejana 165. "ghaTanA" sureza dalAla 166, "tane lakhuM chuM sureza dalAla 167. "uranAM AMsu" surezA majamudAra 168. "avakAza' nalina rAvaLa 169. "sonalamRga hemaMta desAI 170. "svapnaprayANa harizcaMdra desAI 171. "parikramA" bAlamukuMda dave 17ra. ejana 173. ejana 174. ejana 17pa. ejana 176. ejana 177. ejana 178. ejana 179. ejana 180. "tRNano graha uzanasa 181. "chaMdolaya" bRhata niraMjana bhagata 182. "samIpa' priyakAMta maNiyAra 183. "avakAza" nalina rAvaLa 184. "svapnaprayANa" harizcaMdra bhaTTa 185. "vyAkuLa vaiSNava 186. ejana 187. "spaMda ane chaMda" uzanasa 188. 'chaMdolaya bRhata . niraMjana bhagata 189. "gharajhurApo" sureza dalAla 190. "huM tane lakhuM chuM sureza dalAla 191. "mAyApraveza" sureza dalAla 192. "ekaja palaka ajaMpa" pinAkina ThAkora 193. "sonalamRga" hemaMta desAI 71 17 107 108 109 111 112 113 113 115 116 119 249 pa7 118 248 73 uzanas 74 237 pa6, 57 69 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri.M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 365 7-adyatana yuga paribaLo bIjA vizvayuddha pachI jagate sAMskRtika ane AdhyAtmika kaTokaTIno anubhava karyo. AjanA kavine mAnavanI badhIja pravRttio nirarthaka lAge che. adyatana gujarAtI kavitAmAM pAzcAtya sAhityanI asaro jhIlAvA mAMDI. AinsTAIne sApekSavAdanI vAta mUkIne vicArajagatamAM navuM parivartana ANyuM. padArthavAdIo vartamAna, bhUta, bhaviSya ema kALanAM traNa parimANa ja gaNatA. AinsTAine cothuM parimANa Continum' ApyuM. Continum eTale trikALathI para, ekabIjA sAthe sAtatya dharAvatI paLa, bhASA kALanI vibhAvanA para nirbhara hovAthI enuM mALakhuM paNa badalAyuM. samayane mRtyunA eka mAtra mApa tarIke oLakhavAmAM Avato, paNa have Time nI vibhAvanA badalAtAM mRtyunI vibhAvanA paNa badalAI. nijoe IzvaranA avasAnanI vAta karIne mAnavanI sadIo jUnI zraddhA para AghAta karyo. sAtre e astitvavAdane AdhunikatA sAthe sAMkaLyo. mAnava emanI vicAradhArAnuM kendra banyo. sAstranI vicAradhArAnuM aMtima lakSya sarvazaktimAna ane sarvasattAdhIza svataMtra manuSya che. astitvavAdIonI hatAzA vyApaka mAnavIya saMdarbhanI pAyAnI asaMgatimAMthI janme che. mRtyunI nizcitatA e mAnavIya paristhitinuM eka anivArya aMga che. paNa e kyAre, Ave e koI jANatuM na hovAthI, mAnava sadA bhayabhIta rahe che. mRtyune kAraNe mAnavanI badhI pravRtti nirarthaka nIvaDe che. mAnavajIvananI viSamatA e che ke potAnA astitva mATe e pote javAbadAra nathI. ne chatAM jiMdagInA arthanI saMpUrNa javAbadArI enI che ane e prakRti, anya vyaktio, samAja tathA mRtyuthI gherAyelo che. mAnavInA zauryane mUrkha TharAvatAM yaMtronI vacce mRtyu eka svAbhAvika nagaNya ghaTanA banI gaI. amAnavIkaraNa ke nirmAnavIkaraNanI eka ciMtAjanaka sthitinuM nirmANa thayuM. AMtaracetanAnA pravAhanI abhivyaktimAM tamAma asaMgatione sthAna apAvA lAgyuM. adyatana kavi kAvyaracanA paratve vizeSa sabhAna che. bodalere jagatanA zubha tattvono InkAra karavA chatAM mAnavanA gUDha rahasyano svIkAra karyo. to mAlAmeM e zUnyattvasabhara kavitAo ApI. abhinava sAthe saMgItano sumeLa emaNe karyo. jyAre mAlArmenA ziSya vAlerIe, pratIkakalpanonI nakkaratAno Agraha rAkhyo. preraNA nahi paraMtu kavikarmane vizeSa prAdhAnya emaNe ApyuM. ApaNe tyAM AdhunikonA agraNI banyA sureza joSI. vAlerInI vicAradhArAno UMDo prabhAva emanI kavitA para che. kalAnAM mUlyo badalAyAM. sabhAnatApUrvaka sarjAtI kRtio have zabdo ane kalpanonI sRSTi banI rahe che. AkRti, nirmANakalAnuM prANabhUta tattva manAyuM. potAne vizenI nitkRti e ja kadAca adyatana kavitAnI moTAmAM moTI vizeSatA che. potAnA astitvanuM ene koI mUlya jaNAtuM nathI. janma, jIvana ane mRtyunI nirarthakatAnA anubhave mAnavanI oLakha adazya karI. pariNAme Ajano mAnava AtmaviDaMbanA karato thayo che. jIvananI jema mRtyue paNa potAnI mahattA temaja artha P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 366 gumAvyo che. mAnava-mAnava vaccenA saMbaMdhomAM pravezelI kRtatA, dekhADo, viracchannatA, jugupsA ane vidveSanI javALAne Ajano kavi tIkSNa najare jue che, anubhave che. nirbhAntimAMthI janmatI hatAzA kavine aMdhakAra, ghuvaDa ne smazAnanI vAta karavA prere che. prabaLa jijIviSA ane koIpaNa paLe AvI paDanArA anivArya maraNanA bhayanI vacce Ajano mAnava jholAM khAya che. bhAre valopAta sAthe mRtyune pAchuM haDaselavAnI mathAmaNa karatA rAvajI paTela kyAreka TADhapathI, jANe koI nirAMtanI paLa AvavAnI hoya tema mRtyuno svIkAra paNa kare che. to kavi caMdrakAMta zeTha vyAkuLa thaIne motanI yAcanA kare che. Ajano kavi mRtyumAM koI maMgalatA joI zakato nathI, mRtyunI vibhAvanA badalAI che. vicchinna jagatamAM Ajano kavi prema paNa gaNitanI bhASAmAM vyakta kare che. ene mATe samaya vidveSano viSaya banyo che. samaya ene khaMDita, vaMdhya ke napuMsaka lAge che. sureza joSIne "kALanA mahIaramAM viSanA kUtakAra' dekhAya che. aniruddha brahmabhaTTane "koInA mRtadeha para thIjI gayelA azrubiMdurUpe caMdranuM darzana thAya che. adyatana kavinA vidrohanuM kSetra potAnI jAtathI mAMDI Izvara sudhI vistareluM che. Izvara ane svargamAM A kavine zraddhA nathI. lAbhazaMkara to "mRtyunA TIpAmAM taNAtI IzvaranI lAzane vage karavA satata jhajhUme che. Ajano kavi potAnI tarapha ja vyaMganuM tIra tAkIne yathArthane oLakhavA mathe che. rAvajI paTela marasiyAno upayoga karIne jIvananI nirarthakatAne pragaTAve che. mAnavajIvananI pokaLatA, vyarthatA, daMbha, mAnava pravRttinI nirarthakatA mAnavInI agaNita ipsAo, jhaMkhanA ke vAMchanAo, enA tuccha AnaMdo ane ADaMbara ane e badhA upara mRtyunI sarvoparItA tathA mRtyu dvArA vyaMjita thatI mAnavanI nirmAlyatA sahaja rIte upase che. sitAMzu zabda ane nAdanI zakti dvArA varSonA AsphAlanathI mRtyuno sariyala anubhava zakya banAve che. to maheza davenI kyUbisTa kRtiomAM sariyalanAM tattvo vizeSa pramANamAM jovA maLe che. astinAstinI vacce jholAM khAtA astitvanI bhIMsa, mRtyunI vibhISikA emAM AlekhAya che. eSaNAono uchaLato dariyo mRtyunI nAvane haMkArI zakato nathI, mRtyunI nAvamAM vahe che mRtyunI trastatA. kavi sureza joSI kalAmAM rUpavidhAnano mahimA kare che. bhASA have mAdhyama ke sAdhana nahi, sAdhya bane che. zabda poteja ghaTanA banI rahe, enI mathAmaNa che. AjanI kavitA, mAnavajAtanI, ekavidha ahaMbhAvI vyartha jIvanalIlAne kALanA vyApaka phalaka para vyaMjita kare che. gulAma mohammada zekha citrakAranI hesiyatathI zabda joDe kAma pADe che. citrazailIno Azraya letA kavionI kRtiomAM pratIka-kalpanano lAbha vizeSa pramANamAM levAto jovA maLe che. mRtyu jevA amUrta khyAlane mUrta karavA gulAma mohammada zekha IndriyothI Akalita thatuM eka kalpana race che. rAvajI paTele mRtyamUlaka saMvedananI atyaMta nAjuka mAvajata karI che. jANe pAMca indriyo mRtyune enI tamAma saMvedanazIlatA vaDe anubhavI rahe che. ("mArI AMkhe kaMkunA sUraja AthamyA') "roliMgazaTara'mAM aniruddha gati, janmajanmAntara. jIva sAthe vaLagelI aneka bAbatonI cakragati ane mRtyu bhaNInI gatinA saMketo prakaTa kare che. A gALAmAM maNilAla desAI, rAvajI paTela, tathA priyakAnta maNiyAranA mRtyu nimitte keTalIka hRdayasparzI ane UMcA kAvyasparzavALI karuNa kRtio racAI che. priyakAntanA mRtyu P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 367 nimitte racAyelI kRtiomAM yazavaMta trivedInA "paridevanA'nI racanAo noMdhapAtra che. - sureza joSIe rUDha kAvyavibhAvanAne mULasotI ukheDI nAkhI. abhivyaktinAM navAM dvAra teoe kholI ApyAM. e pachI Aja sudhI adyatana kavitAnA prayogoe kavitA jagatamAM eka navuM aneruM parimANa UbhuM karyuM che. mAnavanA jIvananA mULamAMja kazIka asahAyatA, tathA lAcArI paDelI che. je jIvanane viSAda ane vedanAthI gherI le che. sureza joSIe cetanAnI vaiyaktika pIThikA parathI Adhunika yugacetanAne AkArita karI che. DaoN. sumana zAha kahe che, "surezabhAIno kavi-avAja ApaNI arvAcIna ane Adhunika beya kAvyaparaMparAmAMthI nokho paDI gayelo che." 1 je madhura ane maMgala lAgatuM hatuM, te have viSAdagrasta ane dhUMdhaLuM dIse che. je joyuM hatuM e brAnti hatI ane je dekhAya che, anubhavAya che, te ja vAstavika che. evI pratIti gherI banatI rahI. A darzane manuSyane aMtarmukha banAvyo." A nUtana sRSTimAM nirbhAntijanya zUnyatAmAMthI janmelI eka amUrdhA dhabake che. chatAM mRtyu maLatuM to nathI ja." 3 - surezabhAInI kavitAno nAyaka maraNonmukha che. mRNAlanI nippalaka pratIkSA maraNanI dizAne ja kholI rahe che. "paMkhInA sazakta citra vaDe kavie mRNAlanA maraNane suMdara rIte vyaMjita karyuM che." * adyatana kavitAmAM mRtyu karuNarUpe Ajano mAnava nirveda ane pIDAthI eTalo TevAI gayo che, tethI sAcI karuNa ghaTanAo paNa ene AghAta ApI zakatI nathI. svajanonAM mRtyu ene halAvI zakatAM nathI. e pahelAM ja e saMvedanazUnya banI gayo che. mRtyu e "karuNa' nahi, kevaLa "ghaTanA" ja banI gaI che. samaya laMbAto jAya che. sureza joSInA kAvyanAyakane apekSA che nATakanA aMtanI, mRtyunI, chuTakArAnI. mRtyu have mokSa paNa nathI, mukti paNa nathI, e have maMgala' paNa nathI rahyuM. AjanA mAnavane janmano AnaMda nathI, ne maraNanuM duHkha nathI. AvA mAnavanuM pratinidhitva AjanI kavitA kare che. sureza joSI enA puraskartA banyA. tethI svAbhAvika rIte ja emanI kavitAmAM mRtyu karuNarUpe khAsa AvatuM nathI. rAdhezyAma zarmA 1963mAM "AMsu ane cAMdaraNuM'nI prathama AvRtti pragaTa kare che. emanI kRtiomAM raghuvIre delicious pain' mANyuM to keTalIka kRtiono AMtarlaya emane sparzI gayo. "zrImaMta vidhavA' kAvyamAM patinA mRtyu bAda vidhavAnI thatI avadazAnuM varNana karavAmAM AvyuM che. bIjA eka kAvyamAM paNa kavie vidhavA strInA duHsvapnanI yAtanAne varNavI che. svapnamAM potAnAM stanone haMsayugala banI UDI jatAM e jue che, ne pachI dhrUjato niHzvAsa nAkhe che. "apUrvanI AMkhomAM hameza mATe poDhI gayelA bALako mATeno valopAta vyakta thayo che. kALA kAMThe mRta apune maNa mIThA heThaLa dATatA pUrve teno pahelo kharo bApa dhoLuM khAMpaNa utaraDI le che. ne kAvyanAyaka gaMgAjamanA vahAve che. rAdhezyAme thoDAMka hAIka paNa lakhyAM che. pIstALIsamA hAIkumAM vRddhatvane Are jhUlatA, mAnavanA laTakatA mRtyunuM sUcana karAyuM che. P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 368 zvetakeza ne vacce * eka doNI" 5 koI kavijanane citAmAMthI kaMIka lakhavuM sAMbharI AvavAno saMdarbha bAvanamAM hAIkumAM karAyo che. "ardha baLeluM, maDaduM beThuM thayuM ene koI "pena' sAMbharI." - suzIlA jhaverInI kAvyaracanAono vyApa 1963 thI 1985 sudhIno hovAthI, emane adyatana kavitAmAM samAvyAM che. jo ke viziSTatAonI daSTie emanI kavitA adyatanayuga sAthe tAla milAvatI nathI. suzIlA jhaverInuM eka agatyanuM pAsuM vedanAnuM che. je gharamAM bALakanuM mRtyu thayuM che, e ghara yamadUtane koI zatrue ja batAvyAnuM teo kahe che. (kairavavana') zizunAM ramakaDAM ne copaDIo jotAM ramata choDI acAnaka haMmeza mATe cAlyA gayelA bALakanI yAdathI vyathita thatI mAnI vedanA teo supere Alekhe che. mAnA avasAne anubhavAyelI nirAdhArI "mA" kAvyamAM vyakta thaI che. priyajananA mRtyu samayane pharI sajIvana thato jANe smaraNarUpe anubhavatAM tIvra vedanA vyApe che. svajana jatAM mazarUzayAmAM thokabaMdha thaoNra UgyAno anubhava thAya che. haiyAne smaraNanA DAgha paDe che. pahelAM AMsunA achovAnA thatA, have AMsu lUchanAra cAlyo gayo che. AMkhamAM raDI raDIne khADo paDyo che. "zizu mRtyunI vedanA'mAM kavayitrIe marmasparzI saMvedanA jhIlI che. zatrue potAnuM saranAmuM yamadevane batAvyAnI vAta hRdayasparzI che. korI kaTa AMkha, ne ujjaDa haiyAmAM emane "zabdonuM zaizava' UgADavuM che. "chUTI gayo Tahuko'mAM pharI zizumRtyunI ja vedanA vyakta thaI che. lIluMchama pAna tUTatAM pelI DALIo romeroma vIMdhAya che. AkhI jIvanasIma ujjaDa thaI jAya che. bichaDyA pAnanI vedanA haiyAne vIMdhe che. "duhitAgatA'mAM putrInI avala bheTa ApIne jhUMTavI lenAra vidhAtA pratyeno karuNa Akroza vyakta thAya che. 1979mAM patinuM avasAna thatAM suzIlA jhaverI kSaNonuM Albama' nAmanuM zokakAvya Ape che. bhale, kALajA para paththara mUkIne, paNa kavayitrI mRtyuno, rAjarANInI kUkhe janmelA pATavIkuMvaranI jema svIkAra ja nahi, satkAra paNa kare che. paNa acAnaka vahAlasoyA vRkSanA mRtyunI vedanA svajana mRtyunI yAda apAve che. AMkha sAme svajananuM vRkSanuM) mRtyu thayAnI vedanA anubhavatAM kavayitrIne paMkhIo prabhAtiyAM gAIne have jagADaze nahi enI ciMtA candrA jADejA emanAM sva. mAtRzrI rAjendrakumArI bAsAhebanA avasAna nimitte "jIvanadAtrI("smaraNikA') prakaTa kare che. 1968 (13/10/1968)mAM kavayitrInAM mAtRzrInuM avasAna thatAM, 1969mAM potAnI cetanA stabdha thaI jatAM A kAvyasaMgraha pragaTa kare che. vizvano sUtradhAra AyuSyanuM dRzya sameTato rahyo. rahasya chatuM na thayuM, ne chello paDado paDI gayo, badhuM samApta thaI gayuM. putrIe potAne lalATe sparza karatI vAtsalya-sabhara AMgaLI gumAvI. "chellI kaDImAM kavayitrI kahe che, mA cAlyAM gayAM enoya emane raMja nathI, paNa e dhrUjatI kAyAne eka vAra paMpALavI hatI emane, emanI AMkhamAM AMkha parovI akhUTa vAtsalyanI chellI kaDI gAvI hatI. mAnA avasAne kavayitrIne rAtarANInAM phUla thIjI gayelAM azrubiMdu lAge che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 369 makaraMda dave Adhunika kavi samayanI daSTie kharA, paNa emanI kavitA to AnaMda ane mAMgalyanA pAyA para racAI che. tethI mRtyune emaNe "karuNarUpa" ke "bhayarUpe" kyAreya joyuM, vicAryuM ke anubhavyuM nathI. tethI to motanI mIThI muskAna kahetA A kavi masta maraNane maLavAnI gajabanI khumArI dharAve che. emanI kavitAmAM mRtyu karuNarUpe kyAMthI hoya ? jagadIza joSIne mana AyuSya e kSaNonuM bAMdhI ApeluM sAliyANuM che. aMgata anubhUti, ne kAvyAnubhava e baMnemAMthI pasAra thayelA jagadIze haoNspiTalamAM mRtyune kaI rIte sAkAra karyuM che ? makaraMda dave kahe che "ahIM kayA kAvyanI AMkhomAM AMsu nathI, koIkavAra (vamaLanAM vana-1976) to lAge che ke eka satata jalatI pravAhI AgamAM jhaboLAIne kavinI kalama cAlI che." * "bhUta rUve bheMkAramAM gherI karuNatA kavie ghUMTI che. janAra jIva rahenAranI korI najare laIne cAlI jAya che. (jaLane kahI do)ne jUnI sAMja samuM AMsu AMkhamAM AvI aTakI jAya che. janAra ane rahenAra baMne jaNa parasparane gherAtI sAMjanA sogaMda Ape che. pILacaTTI sAMjanuM beDuM tUTI jAya che. jIvana viramI jatAM sUrajano raMga naMdavAya che. ('saubhAgya sUraja') janAra jAya, pachI svajananA jIvanamAM zUnyAvakAza sarjAya che. mRtyunA jhAMjharano jhamakAre koIkanAM caraNa thaMbhI jAya che. janAra jIvanA jhurApe jhADavAM sthira thaI gayAnI vAta kavi kare che. "jAna ughalatI jhAlara TANe konA thaMbhe caraNa sAMbhaLI jhAMjharano aNasAra" 7 mAnavanA mRtyuno malAjo jaLavAto na hovAnI vAta "zokasabhA pahelAM ane pachI'mAM rajU thaI che. Adhunika kriyAkAMDa samA zokasabhAnA kAryakrama aMge kavi ahIM karuNa kaTAkSa kare che. jagadIza joSI "nirAzAnI sadAbahAra'nA "azarIra dardInA kavi che. manuSya janmamaraNanI ghaTamALamAMthI chUTI jAya enI jhaMkhanA emane che. tethI karuNa Akroza karatAM * teo kahe che. "baMdha karI do A pravezadvAro janetAnA jananaddhAro baMdha karI do e kSaNonA killAo kAraNa ke pravezadvAro baMdha thaze to ja baMdha thaze jIvanakillAnI chaTakabArIo ane to ja aTakaze jharatI A nenajhArIo" " janma ja na hoya, to mRtyu na hoya, ne mRtyu na hoya to tenajhArIo jharatI aTake. "dazya adezya sAdazyamAM svajananA mRtyuthI naMkhAI gayelI vyaktinI mRtyupratIkSA vyakta thaI che. koI tophAnI bALaka utAvaLe AvIne AMgaNAno sAthiyo bhUMsI nAkhe ema svajananA mRtyue A nAyikAnuM smita bhUMsI nAkhyuM che. nabhe jatA jIvanano artha lupta thaI jAya che. caitanyathI dhabakatuM jIvana jotajotAmAM "mRtyu' banI jAya che. kavi jagadIza joSI kahe P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 370 che. "e zabanA ArasanI pharasa jevA ThaMDAgAra kapALa para hAtha mUkI joyo che? e kapALanI ThaMDI Aga ApaNI hatheLImAM baLatI smRti banIne, Ayubhara vaLagI na paDe mATe ApaNe ApaNI hatheLI khaseDI lIdhI hatI." 9 adyatana kavioe jIvananI nirarthakatAne mahadaMze vAcA ApI che. lAbhazaMkara ThAkara "mANasanI vAtamAM jiMdagInI sArthakatA aMgenI zaMkA vyakta kare che. mANasanA astitva para toLAtA maraNanA bhAranI kavie vAta karI che. lAbhazaMkaranuM 'lagharo' kAvya paNa Adhunika mAnavanI arthahInatAmAMthI janme che. "lagharovyaktivizeSa nathI. artharahita manuSyanA Negative Parable' no e AviSkAra che." 1bha mAnavanA janmamaraNanI nirarthakatAnuM e pratIka che. 1972mAM "tamasAnI' saMvardhita AvRtti ApatA kavi raghuvIra caudharIne rahI rahIne eka sukAtI mRtyugAmI nadI dekhAya che. vidAyanI kSaNe anubhavAtuM astitva e eka bIjI anubhUti che. mRtyu kyAM kevI rIte dekhAya enuM karuNa chatAM suMdara varNana raghuvIra caudharIe karyuM che. svajana jatAM bAkI rahelAnI azrubharI AMkhanI lAlAzamAM mRtyu dekhAya che. ene pelI azrudhAra paNa bujhAvI zakatI nathI. kezoryamAM zaizavanuM mRtyu ja DokiyAM kare che ne? phUlomAM kaLInuM vasI jAya mRtyu kaLI phUla bane che, tyAre potAne homI ja de che. rAvajI paTela "bhAI' kAvyamAM sImanIrakhI gItonuM smaraNa kare che. bhUtakALanA maraNane yAda karatAM e kahe che "ahIM A kyArImAM khaDakhaDa hasyo bhAI mujano' sureza dalAla kahe che "harIndranI kavitAmAM mRtyuno rahI rahIne saMbhaLAyA kare evo eka avAja tarato rahe che. (27) DaoN. dhIrubhAI ThAkara kahe che "mRtyu harIndranA kavanano mahattvano viSaya bane che." (404 a. gu. vi.) harIndra kahe che. - "jIvana jIvI rahasyo meLavyAM vhAlAnAM mRtyunAM koI be AMkha mIMce ne, badhuM verAI thaI jAye" (Asava. 18) svAbhAvika rIte ja janAra karatAM bAkI rahenArano paritApa, verAnI, ne pachaDATa kAramI ja hoya. vyaktinA mRtyu pachI vyakti vadhu yAda Ave che tethI to enI hayAtI vakhate becAra paLa bhUlI gayAnI ATalI moTI sajA ? ema kahI kAyama mATe cAlI gayelA svajanane Thapako apAyo che. e yAda pote ja pachI to jANe eka "sabhA' banI jatI hoya che, zokasabhA. mRtyupriyatamanA pokAre priyatamA to AnaMda taraboLa che paNa eno pati (saMsArano) ene ema zuM javA de ? "lveriye caDela mArAM locaniyA joI Ubho nAvaliyo bAraNAnI ADe" 1ba (74 "mauna') paNa kAvyanAyikAne mATe pati eka dvAra baMdha kare to keTalAMya anya dvAra khUle che. (nava dvAra?) janArane koNa rokI zake ? rameza pArekhane nikaTanuM svajana cAlI jatAM chatanI AMkha paNa varasI paDatI hoya evuM saMdarbha vaNyo che. jemAM aNaciMtavyo gharano mobha tUTI paDyAno vasavaso vyakta thayo che. P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 371 bhIMte vaLagyA kaMkunA thApAnA jherI dAMta, jatAM AvatAM vAgavAnA vAgyA karaze' traNa vakhata ullekhAyuM. daMpatImAMthI ekanuM mRtyu thatA bAkI rahelAne pelA thApA vAge ja ne ? nayana roja roI roI rAtAM bane che, ne khAMbhI paththaranI bhale na racAya nayanomAM to e roja racAya che. ("smaraNonI" "AMsunI) "rANI sonaladenuM marasiyuM' svajana pati jatAM patnIe gAyeluM mRtyugIta che. karuNatAnI ahIM parAkASThA che. "tamane, mArA lohImAM lIluM ramatAM jhAmaNa nAga vaLAvuM tamane" 15 ene mATe to cUDIno khamakAra paNa pati ja hato. "chUMdaNAM bahAduro' kAvyamAM sarakArI buleTa vaDe chokarAoe chUMdaNAM chUMdAvyAnuM kavi kahe che. badalAmAM potAno jIva teoe ApI dIdho. "toya tenA chUMdaNAM bahAdura e lADakAo to sapheda kapaDA nIce cUpacApa sUtA ja rahyA" 2 vedanAnI parisImAnI vAta karatAM kavi kahe che, have kadAca kadIpaNa mAtAnI chAtImAMthI dUdha pIvAnI emane jarUra rahI nahotI. "navI chAtI' kAvyamAM paNa navanirmANa vakhate juvAna chAtIonI ArapAra nIkaLI gayelI buleTono saMdarbha TAMkatA, rameza pArekha mRtyune bIkaNa, lucyuM ne TAliyuM kahe che. karuNa AkrozanI A parAkASThA che. kAvyanAyakanI patnIne prasUti thAya che. e vicAre che A bALakanA janmavAno zo artha? bALakanI chAtI avatarI mRtyunA zAsanane uthalAvI pADavA ' ? 13 bhaviSyamAM sarakArI buleTanuM nizAna banavA ? 13 sadgata mAne yAda karato kAvyanAyaka kahe che ('maMdiramAMthI kADhI mUkyA pachI) huM mAnA garbhamAMthI janmyo ekavAra na have mA mArA lohImAMthI janme che vAraMvAra mRta...." ja anila jozI cAsanAlAnI honAratamAM Akasmika rIte khANamAM ja mRtyu pAmelAo pratye potAnI tIvra saMvedanA vyakta karatAM kahe che. ('cAsanAlAnA khANiyAone saMbodhana') zuM tame hajI oNvaraTAIma karo cho ? zuM mRtyunuM utpAdana lakSyAMka vaTAvI gayuM?" 15 P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S." Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 372 jayA mahetAe Urmi ane buddhinA samanvayanI kavitA ApI che. 1978mAM "venIzana blAInDa' saMgraha teo pragaTa kare che. dIvAnakhAnAnI mUrtimAMnA buddhane "kyAM sudhI Ama besI rahezo?' nathI saMbhaLAto dvAre dvAre hajIye rAInA dANA mAgatI gautamIno sAda? ema pUchI nAkhatAM kavayitrI bALakanA mRtyuthI vyathita thayelI mAnA duHkhane dUra karavA jANe bhagavAna buddhane AjIjI kare che. "acAnaka'mAM svajananA mRtyuthI DaghAI gayelA jIvatA chatAM na jIvatA svajananA caherAnI vAta karAI che. mRtyuthI citarAyelo zokagrasta cahero kevaLa AMsu vaDe nathI dhoI zakAto. dariyo jANe acAnaka khAlI thaI jAya che. "mANasa marI jAya che pachI mANasanA mRtyu pachI jagatamAM je ziSTAcAro pravarte che, enA para paNa kavayitrI karuNa kaTAkSa kare che. maranAranA puruSArthanA guNagAnanI bharatI ane oTa ne pachI rezanakArDamAMthI nAmanI thatI bAdabAkIno ullekha kaMpAvI de tema che. paNa jenuM nikaTanuM svajana gayuM che enI manodazA kevI che? e strInI vedanA kavayitrIe ahIM sarasa ghUMTI che. "kaMkunI DabbI para DhaMkAtI zabanI cAdara, kaMkaNonI pAMpaNonuM TapakavuM ane maMgalasUtranuM jhUravuM lakhavA mATe kadAca strInI saMvedanA upakAraka nIvaDatI haze." * (sureza dalAla). 198ramAM jayA mahetA "eka divasa' laIne Ave che. zrI yazavaMta zukla lakhe che mRtyu" ane "nagaramAM savAra e baMne nAnakaDAM kAvya potapotAnI rIte mArmikatA sAthe che. "gabharu kabUtaranA phaphaDATamAM kAgaDAnAM pIMchAnuM haLavethI pharakavuM ane pachI phaphaDATanuM zamI javuM, e prakriyA dvArA mRtyunuM sUcana vedanAne bolakI banavAno avakAza rahevA detuM nathI." vaikalyano Akroza je zabdo laI Avyo che, ane mRtyunI anivAryatA jIvananI je vyarthatA sUcavI rahe che, temAM karaNanuM saudarya pragaTa thAya che. jayA mahetA 1985mAM AkAzamAM tArA cUpa che' saMgraha prakaTa kare che. kavayitrI mRtyudUtane duzmananA lazkara sAthe sarakhAve che. mRta zizunA mAtapitAnI karuNagarbha saMvedanA ahIM vyakta thaI che. "puruSa niSpalaka bALakane hAthamAM le che strInA khAlI khoLAmAM cAra mUgI AMkho TapakI paDe che 18 potAnI mAMdagI daramyAna hospiTalamAMnA vAtAvaraNane kavayitrIe "hospiTala poemsa' (1987)mAM AtmasAta karyuM che. "hospiTalamAM satata kSaNe kSaNa jANe mRtyunA ochAyA, ne enI nIravatA anubhavAya che. kaNasatA dardInI jema rAta jhINuM jAge che." ("hospiTala poemsa' pR. 10) aMdhakArane kavayitrI marelA mANasanI ughADI AMkha jevo kahe che. pIDAnA baeNcalALI vardIvAna jIvo emaNe joyA che. zveta vastro che, nispRha, nirmama, anAsakta phare che, bujhAtA dardIo che. ajANa anAgatanA paDachAyAmAM tharathare che" 19 pannA nAyakanI kavitAne sureza dalAla "soyanI aNI jeTalA vyathAnA biMdu para UbhelI 20 kahe che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 373 1980mAM teo "philADelphIA' saMgraha pragaTa kare che. kavayitrInAM mAnA mRtyu samayanI vedanAno citAra "bAne' kAvyamAM teo Ape che. mAnA mRtyunI sAthe eka vRddhAnA sauMdaryanI halacala, AMkhono madhura avAja (AMkhanI bhASA) ane mIThAM sagapaNano akhkhalita pravAha badhuM jANe e eka ja jhATake sthira thaI gayuM teo anubhave che. kavayitrI potAnA janma samaye kapAyelI nALa (saMbaMdha) pharIthI kapAyAnI saMvedanA anubhave che. "akasmAtamAM koIka svajananA akasmAta ke mRtyunA smaraNanI vAta che. bhUtakALanAM saMvedano jANe pharI jAgRta thAya che. 1989mAM "arasaparasa" kAvyasaMgraha teo pragaTa kare che. sadUgata bAnAM smaraNo kavayitrIne avAranavAra vyathita banAve che. khAlIkhama oraDAmAM bA samasta yAdathI vyApI jaI oraDAne bharI de che. mRtyu pAmela bA have kazuM ja kahI zake tema nathI. kazuM joI zake tema nathI, ne chatAM bAne ja kahevA mana lalacAya che ke zrInAthajInI A ja chabI sAme A ja pathArImAM, A ja rIte Ave ja kasamaye te keTalIyavAra beThI che, ne beThAbeThA varasatA varasAdamAM nirjana bagIcAmAM paDelA bhInA paNa sUnA bAMkaDAnI vyathA anubhavI che. bAno aMtima dina' kAvya saMvedananI vedhakatAne zabdabaddha kare che. kavayitrI, mAne chellAM na maLI zakAyAnI potAnI vedanAne paNa vAcA Ape che. sAta sAgarane na oLaMgI zakatI emanI AMkhone emaNe bArIbahAranA khullA bhUrA jambo jeTa vinAnA AkAza tarapha mITa mAMDI sthira karI dIdhI sadAya mATe. "hajIya cacare che'mAM paNa saddagata mAnuM ja smaraNa zabdabaddha thayuM che. bAnuM paMcamahAbhUtonuM baneluM zarIra kyAranuMya bhasmIbhUta thaI javA chatAM citAmAM dAha dIdhelI kAyAnI olavAtI Agano Acho dhumADo jojano dUrathI AvIne hajIya cacare che. dIkarInI AMkhomAM, ne ene olavavA ubharAyA kare che UnAM UnAM pANI. 1979mAM DaoN. dhIrubhAI parIkha "ughADa saMgraha laIne Ave che. "mRti'mAM saddagata bAnI smRti zabdabaddha thaI che. kavi vipIna parIkha 1975mAM "AzaMkA' nAmano kAvyasaMgraha laIne Ave che. "saghavidhavA' kAvya mRta patine apAyelI zraddhAMjali che. bIjuM ghaNuM badhuM jotAM nayano, patine joI zakatAM nathI, enuM duHkha vyakta thayuM che. I hope' kAvyamAM priyajananA mRtyu pachI dharabI rAkhelI vyathAno citkAra rajU thayo che. mRtyu pachI thatI zarIranI sthitino nirdeza paNa thayo che, ne chatAM priyajananA mRtyu pachI enA dehane vaLagIne besI rahevAtuM nathI. mRtyune sAva sAmAnya ghaTanA gaNato Ajano mAnava koIkanA mRtyunI rAha paNa joto hoya, jethI maranArano hoddo potAne maLe, ne pachI maranAranuM nAma rajisTaramAMthI nIkaLI javAnuM. ("mRtyu-eka kArakunanuM') 1980mAM vipIna parIkha "talAza' nAmano saMgraha laIne Ave che. muMbaImAM thayelA vimAnI akasmAtathI bahAvarA banelA kAvyanAyakanI saMjIvanI maMtra jANanAra saMtapuruSanI zodhanI jhaMkhanA "bhasma' kAvyamAM pragaTa thaI che. e saMtanI bhasma eroDrAma paranA e sattANuM mRtaka pAchA sajIvana thAya evI emanI vAMchanA che. "hAI-ve para khUna' kAvyamAM dhasI AvatI TrakanI haDapheTamAM thayelA mRtyunA saMdarbhamAM kavi eka mArmika prazna pUche che. P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 374 ke pachI kharekhara enI pAse ja enA mRtyunuM aphara AjJApatra hatuM" ? 1 kavi kahe che, nA, badhuM ja pUrvayojita hoya che. loko bhale ene akasmAta kahe, e ja hoya che saphAIbaddha niyati. "zraddhA' kAvyamAM sadUgatanAM smaraNonI vAta viziSTa AbhAsa svarUpe vyakta thaI che. kAvyanAyikA paricita mulAyama dehasugaMdhano jANe ke anubhava kare che. priyasvajananA mRtyuthI sarjAtI karuNatAne ahIM A rIte vAcA apAI che. e tuM che ? tuM je hajI gaIkAle ja mArA kapALethI cAMllo bhUMsIne cAlI * gayo hato ne?" rara ne have pote che, aphATa samaya che; paNa pati nathI, ne chatAM priyajana mAthe hAtha pheravato hoya, tema enI sUkSma hAjarI zAtAya pamADe che. kensaramAM potAnA patine gumAvI beThelI patnI, e roganI davA zodhAtAM, vyathita citte, jANe pati hayAta hoya ema, auSadha zodhAya tyAM sudhI teo jIvyA hoya to, to te vadhuya jIvI jAta ne? ("kensaramAM avasAna pAmela priyajanane) janAre utAvaLa karyAno hRdayabhedI valopAta ahIM vyakta thayo che. mRtyunI kALAza, bhayAnakatA temaja karuNAno anubhava karAvI svajanane bebAkaLA banAvI de che. phUlonI vAtamAM mAnA avasAnane vedhaka rIte halabalAvI nAkhe evI saMvedanAmAM kavie maDhI ApyuM che. moMghA iMglIza phUla ekavAra laI AvelI bAne, kAvyanAyake Thapako ApatAM, e bhoMThI paDI gayelI. bAnA mRtyu samaye asaMkhya phUlothI bAne zaNagArI hatI. kavi vicAre che, ATalAM badhAM phUlo joI e gAMDI thaI gaI hota. "sadUgata bA' paNa mAne apAyelI smaraNAMjali che. kAvyanAyakane rAta paDatAM koInA hAlaraDAno avAja saMbhaLAya che. hAlaraDuM to UMdhADe, paNa hAlaraDAno AbhAsa UMghane bhagADI de che. saddagata mAnuM smaraNa UMghavA nathI detuM. mAdhava rAmAnujano "tame' kAvyasaMgraha 197ramAM prakaTa thAya che. "haLavA te hAthe jIvananI aMtima veLAnI apekSAnuM eka karuNa madhura gAna che. jIvatAM je na maLyuM, e mRtyu pachI maLe evI vAMchanA kAvyanAyikAnI che. keDiye koyala gUMthAvAnI, ne phUmate mora geMkAvAnI jhaMkhanA e seve che. mRtyu pachI komaLa kAyAne koI jo haLave hAthe na upADe to jIvananA ghA dUjhavA lAge evI bhIti che. tethI ja mRtyubAda "sAtharA para phUla DhALavA, ne Une pANIe jhAravA vinave che, jethI jIvatarabharanA thAka UtarI jAya. "TImaNa TANe kAvya rAvajInuM smaraNa karAve che. "motanA damiyala pagalAM bhIMta upara paDaghAya neja holuM mUguM thAya" e kahetA mAdhava rAmAnuje "dama" kAvyamAM damiyalanI sAthe motanI sarakhAmaNI karI che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 375 mAdhava rAmAnuje to zabaneya AMsu hovAnI kalpanA kare che. "ThIba khAlI hale che'mAM mRta vyaktinAM AMsune na jonAra, svajano enI pAse na hovAnI vyathA vyakta thaI che. e ja rIte mRta vyakti joI zakatI nathI. 196ramAM "maherAmaNa' saMgrahane pragaTa karanAra caMdrakAMta TopIvALA 'vidhura' kAvyamAM patnI avasAna pAmatAM patinI viSama manodazAnuM varNana kare che. dvAranI nAnI sarakhI phATamAMthI aMdara kyArano AvavA mathato AkAra, patnInA AgamananI bhramaNA ja che. je karuNane vadhu ghero banAve che. 1977mAM 'rUparomAMca' laIne AvatA kavi zazizivam "pitAne patra" ane "pitAne uttara' racanAomAM mRta vyaktinA guNa ane potAnI alpatAnuM varNana karIne kRtine karuNano puTa Ape che. "ekAnta pamare'mAM priyajananI anupasthitimAM tene joyAnA vibhramano camatkAra varNavatAM zazizivam lakhe che. pathArInA dIse saLa sutanuM kAyA hajI sUtI" * je karuNano vivarta che. "ghaTa' kAvya dviarthI che. pitAe vArasAmAM Apelo ghaTa haju evo ja koro kaTa hovAnuM teo kahe che. astitvanA A ghaTane svecchAe badalI zakAto nathI. chAparAnA cUvAmAMthI nItaryA karatA ane naLiyAmAMthI TapakyA karatAM jalabiMduo TapakatI AMkhe jotAM kAvyanAyaka sadgatanA smaraNe halI UThe che. 1985mAM kaviyatrI kamala vaidya (suzIlAbahena vaidya) " ujvala zarvarI' nAmano kAvyasaMgraha prakAzita kare che. "bA jatAM'-1-mAM bAnA avasAnanA AghAtanI vyathA zabdabaddha banI che. "bA evuM te kevuM sUI gaI ke badhA ene laI gayAM bahAra' nAnIddhananA A praznanI mArmikatA asarakAraka che. to "bA jatAM-ra'mAM bA jatAM jIvanamAM vyApelA karuNagherA adhakAranI vAta karAI che. bA videha thatAM anyathA gamatAM kali, phUla, phala, parimala, rasAsvAda badhuM ja nirarthaka lAge che. gharano mobhI AMkha mIMcI le, pachI badhuMja haMmeza mATe viramI jAya che. janArane rokI zakatuM nathI. ('oNparezana thiyeTara') AMkhamAM AMsu samasamI rahe che. jene vItI hoya ene ja khabara paDe ke "aMtima vidAya' zuM che? svasthatAno dekhAva karanAra svajananA hRdayamAM to avirata vaheto hoya che karuNarasano jharo. yosepha mekavAna 1969mAM "svagata' kAvyasaMgraha prakAzita kare che. "jiMdagI' kAvya kavie Tchnikovsky nI kRti "petheTika simphanI' parathI racyuM che. kAvyanAyakane dvAre jANe Abha UbhuM che. ne teo e dvAranI pelI pAra pahoMce che. upara jhAMkho sUrya hasI laI vAdaLamAM saMtAya che ne kiraNonA hAthane prasAre che. . "hAthamAM mRtyu to zuM mahoryuM avakAza hajI ye mauna Taaaapa Taapa Tapa....5" rapa manoja khaMDeriyAno "acAnaka' kAvyasaMgraha 1970mAM prakaTa thAya che. "bhIMta mUgI P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 9376 rahI'mAM koIkanA mRtyunI vAta vedhaka rIte nirUpAI che. bArIe besI mAthuM DhALI AkhI rAta raDatI rahelI rAtanuM varNana vAtAvaraNamAM prasarelA karuNanI pratIti karAve che. 1979mAM A kavi "aTakaLa' laIne Ave che. kavi sadgatanAM smaraNane kyAMka samayavINA paranA nakhalI sAthe sarakhAve che. "koNa gayuM kAgaLanA raste akSara rahI gaI pagalI jANe sUnI sUnI samaya vINA para smaraNa kare che nakhalI jANe" -a janAra jAya che, caraNanI reNu rahI jAya che. jatuM koNa haLavethI kAgaLa uparathI ahIM rahI jatI enA paganI ja reNu" raba manoja khaMDeriyA zvAsanI sAthenA mAnavanA saMbaMdhane mINa jevo gaNe che. "aMta veLA dosta, ogALI lIdho' AMgaLImAMthI caitanyanuM haraNa doDI jatAM hAtha khAlI vana samo paDI jAya che. svajananA caitanyanA dIvaDAnI zaga dhImethI saMkorAtAM hayAta svajananAM AMsunA saravaramAM mRtio paga roja haLavethI jhaboLe che. parapoTo phUTe to jaLane zuM thAya? nathI jANa thatI koI divasa koIne. priyajananA avasAne svajanane thatI vedanAnI karuNa paritApabharI saMvedanA ahIM vyakta thaI che. kavi phakIra mahammada manasurI 1967mAM "ijana' laIne Ave che. "tame netro khoyAM'mAM sIdho mRtyusaMdarbha nathI. paraMtu kAvyanAyakanI mAtAe AMkha gumAvyAnI vedanAnI sAthe pati mRtyunI vedanA cUMTAyelI che, je teo kyAreya bhUlI zake ema nathI. pati jatAM, e mArAM nayanarala mahinAo sudhI sukAyAM na hatAM. - kavi yazavaMta trivedInA "pariprazna saMgrahamAM (1975) "mRtyunAmanA kAvyamAM vidyArthImitranI bAnA mRtyunI vAta vaNI letAM A kavi bA ane AMsune parasparanA paryAya tarIke oLakhAve che. eka mAtra vedanAnA saMbaMdhane ja kavi sAco saMbaMdha hovAnuM kahe che. paridevanA'mAM badhAMja kAvyo priyakAnta maNiyAranA avasAna nimitte lakhAyAM che. jemAM kavi yazavaMta trivedIe mRtyunA judA judA AvirbhAvo pakaDyA che. vAstu karavAnA mUrata kADhavAnI veLAe makAnanuM pAkuM dhAbuM paDI jAya, ne je AghAta thAya, evo AghAta priyakAMtanA avasAne yazavaMta trivedIne thayo hato. priyakAMta maNiyAranA avasAnathI hataprabha thayelAM emanAM mAe evuM to chAtI phATa rudana kareluM ke, khaDakone bhAMgI nAkhatA vizva zokAMtikAonA samudroya emanI bAnA haiyAphATa rudanane prakaTa na karI zake. stabdhatA ane cittavikSobhane bhASA hotI nathI. 1978mAM "parizeSa laIne yazavaMta trivedI Ave che. "Avaje muMbaI Avaje dostomAM bahu smaraNanA moTA kaLataranI vAta teo kare che. zAzvatI vedanAthI pIDAtA kavi pravINa darajI 1973mAM "cIsa" laIne Ave che. ekamAM kraucayugalane miSe pAradhIe vAlmikIne ja tIra mAryAnI, ne e rIte Adi kavinuM akALe nidhana thayAnI vedanAne vyakta kare che. jenI zAzvatI cIsa pachI avakAzanA garbhamAM vyApI gaI hovAnuM teo kahe che. P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S.. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 377 1987mAM bhagavatIkumAra zarmA "chando che pAMdaDA jenAM saMgraha prakaTa kare che. jemAM viSAdanI ramya vAcA'no anubhava thAya che. "pharIthI' kAvyane viSNuprasAde avismaraNIya gaNAvyuM che. pitAnI mRtyuzadhyAnuM kavie kareluM varNana hRdayasparzI che. mRtyunuM kyAMya nAma pADyA vinA mRtyunI AkhA gharamAM vyApelI upasthitinuM kavie sarasa varNana karyuM che. ardhA khullA janakamukhamAM kaMpate hAtha mAtA mUke lIluM maraNa tulasInuM bhIDI hoTha sUkA" 27 pitRkaMThe' paNa sadgata pitAnAM smaraNavalayanI kathA che. pothInA pAna paranA kaMkuvALA hAthanA sparza lIlI smRtinI sRSTi khaDI kare che. be zizu soneTa "navalajansa" ane bAlyavaya re gaI mAtRvaMdanAnAM kAvyo che. zizupagalIo jIvana jIvavAnI preraNA Ape che. paNa tarata A badhAmAM, kAlagarbhe DUbelI, avasAna pAmelI mA yAda AvI jAya che. bIjA saoNneTamAM paNa A ja vAta judI rIte kahevAI che. mAtAnA avasAna sAthe zaizava lupta thayAno anubhava thAya che. kavayitrI indumatI mahetA 1976mAM "saMjIvanI' kAvyasaMgraha prakAzita kare che. jemAM mahadaMze svajanone zraddhAMjali arpatAM kAvyono samAveza che. bhAInA mRtyu prasaMge "vIrane smaraNAMjali" DolanazailImAM lakhAyeluM kAvya che. "sumadhura puSpanAM jIvana ati AcherAM che.' kahI teo TUMkA AyuSyanI vedanAne zabdabaddha kare che. ahIM kavitva sAmAnya che, lAgaNIno udraka vadhu. 1978mAM avasAna pAmelA kavi ziva paMDyAno "kAvyo' nAmano maraNottara saMgraha 1989mAM pragaTa thAya che. jenuM varcasva lUMTAI gayuM che evI vidhavAnI karuNa sthitinuM varNana kavi ekaso agiyAramAM kAvyamAM kare che. lagna vakhate uMbaramAM kaMkunI pADelI pagalIno raMga rAkhamAM koNe palaTAvI nAkhyo? evo prazna kavi ahIM pUche che. rakSA dave 1979mAM "sUrajamukhI' nAmano saMgraha pragaTa kare che. mRtyune karuNa ghaTanA tarIke nirUpatAM kavayitrI "aMtima vidAya ApavAnI ghaTanAne ghaNI vasamI kahe che. " "Avajo'nuM hoTho para AvavuM to amane puSpothI pAMkha toDyAnI jevuM" 28 "sUrajamukhI' saMgraha presamAM hato e vakhate ja kavayitrInA nAnAjInuM avasAna thAya che. emane uddezI lakhAyeluM kAvya kevaLa lAgaNInA udrakarUpe ja ahIM prakaTyuM che. vaLagaNI para nAnAjInAM vastro have sUkAtAM nathI, e vedanA sahaja rIte prakaTa karatAM teo kahe che. "upha ! vaLagaNI para jhUle vastro emAM Aja be ochAM" 29 AvaDo moTo gharano mobha ghaDImAM uMbara bahAra thaI gayAnI vedanA kavayitrIe ahIM vyakta karI che. zata kalabala vacceya haMmeza mATe cUpa thaI gayelA eka avAjanI pyAsa kavayitrIne che. "mosALe khata lakhavA TANe pUjya' lakhIne aTakuM vAMcaNahAra vahyA gayA have nAma lakhI zuM karavuM?" 30 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 378 1981mAM rakSA dave nizigaMdhA' laIne Ave che. ahIM mukhyatve mIrAM viSayaka kAvyo che. jo ke nAnAjIne aMjali ApatuM kAvya ahIM paNa che. "bhIDa' kAvyamAM nAnAjInAM bhInAM smaraNo AlekhAyAM che. kavayitrI kahe che. "jaga che, rava che, paNa ahIM nitano cUpa eka hoMkAro" 1 kavayitrI kahe che "jIvana koTeja (dharanuM nAma)mAM have jIvana nathI rahyuM. nAnAjI jatAM sau potAne "mobha vinAnI bhIMto' jevA anubhave che. "basa' kAvya paNa nAnAjIne aMjali ApatuM kAvya che. jemAM aMgata Urmio vizeSa che. kAvyatva nahivata . 1986mAM prakaTa thayelA rakSA davenA "ajavAsa' saMgrahamAM svajano, paricitonA avasAna nimitte racAyelAM kAvyo atisAmAnya kakSAnAM che. - kavi satIza DaNAka 1981mAM "ekAttavAsa' saMgraha prakAzita kare che. 197pamAM emanAM patnI sarojanuM avasAna thatAM Bienek nuM vidhAna There is only one alphabet left pain.' emane sAruM lAge che. mRgajaLanI jema raNa banelA jIvananI retamAM jANe teo doDyA kare che. priya svajananuM avasAna thatAM "thIyAM hatAM je rAtabhara jhAkaLanahIM.. azrubiMdu AMkhathI kharatAM rahyAM... 32 svajananA avasAne AyakhuM zUnyavata bane che. cAre bAju jIvananA pILA pAka para najara TheravatAM vinAzanAM tIDa UDatAM dekhAya che. "cAdara lapeTI Abha sUtuM maunanI be kAphalA moghama mahIM hasatA rahyA" 33 svajanamRtyune kAraNe viSAdamagna banelA jIvanane kavi lohIthI bhInI thayelI nadI sAthe sarakhAve che. patnInA avasAna samaye pahADa thIjI gayelo anubhavAya che. nirjanatAnA TApuo para AMsunAM vRkSo UgI jAya e pahelAM emane sadA mATe cAlI nIkaLavuM che. patnInA avasAna sAthe dAMpatyajIvanano aMta Ave che. kavi kahe che. cotrIsa cotrIsa varSathI saLagI rahelo sUraja khullI AMkho rAkhI TharI gayo che...." 34 ne chatAM smaraNo to haju evA ne evAM ja che. sapharajananA phUla jevo sadgata patnIno zvAsa hajIye kAvyanAyakanA ekAMtavAsamAM khIlyA kare che. ajita ThAkora "aluka' nAmano kAvyasaMgraha 1981mAM prakAzita kare che. "mRtyu1'mAM svajanamRtyune kAraNe sIma paNa jANe bAraNA ADe UbhI rahI bhAMbharatI, ne vilapatI hovAnuM kavi varNave che. janama kuMDAriyA 1981mAM "kalaravanAM pagalAM' laIne Ave che. "vidhavAnA praznArthanuM gIta'mAM sIdho mRtyu saMdarbha nathI, pati mRtyu pAmatAM patnInI sthitimAMthI UbhA thatA P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 379 praznonI vedanAsabhara abhivyakti che. rAtomAM dIvaDAne ThAryA pachI koNa zvAsa sudhI Ama AvI aTakyA kare ?" 35 adhavacce sathavArA chUTyA pachI gamatIluM gIta zI rIte gavAya? mora UDI jAya, ne chatAM toraNa TaLavaLe ("jevuM hoya che') kahI jamana kuMDAriyA koIka AMsubhInA toraNanI AMsubhInI vedanA ThAlave che. "yAdamAM prema, mRtyu, karuNanuM saMyojana che. nAyikA bharamadharAte svajananuM smaraNa kare che. capaTIbhara kaMku seMthIethI kharyAnuM yAda Ave che. (saubhAgya vilAyAnI yAda)ne priyajananA viraha astitva mINanI jema ogaLe che. 1981mAM manohara trivedI "pharI naukA laIne Ave che. "mUkI cAlyA'mAM yAdanA kalaravane mUkIne saMsAra vaccethI cAlyA gayelA svajananI yAdamAM godhUliveLAno avasara tvacAmAM tharakato anubhavAya che. jhaLahaLatAM AMsumAM dIvAnI zaga pratibiMbAya che. udAsa mANo ghaDIbhara ahIM jANe utsava banI jAya che. kavi yogezvarajIe temanAM mAtAjI jayotirmayIno svargavAsa thatAM "tarpaNa" nAmano kara!prazasti saMgraha Apyo che. smazAnagRhe bAne agnidAha ApI pAchA pharatAM bAne nahi, paNa pote potAnI jAtane vaLAvI pAchA AvyAnI anubhUti thaI hatI. A kavi adhyAtmapuruSa hovAthI, emane svajana mRtyunI vedanA paritApano anubhava nathI karAvatI, ne chatAM be nayano mIMcatI veLAno mAno e karuNAsabhara cahero teo haju bhUlyA nathI. mRtyune divyamaMgala avasara kahIe chIe kharA, ne chatAM svajanamRtyu ApaNane halabalAvI nAkhe che. yogezvarajIne mAnA mRtyuthI vyathA to jarUra thaI che. maranAra sAthenA saghaLA saMparka chUTI jatAM smRtio prabaLatama banI kavinA aMtaratamane saMvedane chalakAve che. "zarIramRta, e smazAnayAtrA citA saLagatI jvALA bhasmIbhUta saghaLuM, tIrthonuM aMtima asthivisarjana" 30 mAnI saLagatI citA najarasamakSa jIvata banI hRdayane vyathita kare che. - 1982mAM "bhammariyuM madha saMgraha laIne kavi jitendra vyAsa Ave che. "khAlIpo dhUmarAya" pratIkAtmaka kAvya che. svajananA mRtyu samayanI sthitino ahIM kavie citAra Apyo che. pai siMcAyA laI muja matA vailaDuM hAlya" 37 hRdayasaMpatti laI cAlI nIkaLeluM velaDuM, nikaTanA svajanamRtyunuM pratIka che. svajano pAdara vaLAvI pAchAM ghera Ave che, svajananA mRtyu sAthe saMbaMdhanI gAMTha jANe eka ja jhATake chUTI jAya che. jayendra zekhaDIvALA 1982mAM "kalki' laIne Ave che. "jhUraNa marasiyuM" kAvyamAM svajananA mRtyu nimitte anubhavAyelI saMvedanAne vAcA apAI che. P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 380 "vAyasa UDyA re - kaMThethI laIne vAyakA re" 38 (vAyasa-jIvanuM pratIka ?) DULyA hADamAMsanAM vahANa ke jAgo vaNajhArA re marasiyA prakAranuM gIta che. vaNajhArAnI AMkha UghaDatI nathI. pAMkha phaphaDatI nathI. "vaNajhArA niMdariyA re' svajana mRtyune kAraNe cArebAju codhAra AMkhanuM aMdhAruM ghUghave che. kAvyanAyakanA astitvamAMthI paMcamahAbhUta nAmanI nagarI aLagI thaI jAya che. ne e sAthe pelA paDachAyAnuM sagapaNa paNa aLaguM thaI jAya che. "garbhastha' kAvyamAM Akasmika mRtyuno saMketa che. aMdhArAjaLa vacce tabaDaka doDatA ghoDA mRtyunA AgamananuM sUcaka che. maraNa ane janmanI ghaTanAonA taMtu satata laMbAtA rahe che, ne zvAsanA aMtima cheDA sudhI mAnavajAtane e pIDA Ape che. moTerAonI hayAtImAM nAnAM bALa mare tyAre vedanAnI parAkoTi sarjAya che. vIru purohita 1983mAM 'vAMsa thakI vahAvelI' kAvyasaMgraha pragaTa kare che. "zizumRtyu kAvyamAM bALakanA mRtyu samayanI mAbApanI saMvedanA rajU thaI che. pitAno hAtha mRta zizunA jhabalAne enA DilathI utAratAM khUba ghUjyo hato. bhUtakALamAM "zizunA moMmAM paMDo mUkI habuka koLiyo' kaheto hAtha, mRtyu pAmelA bALakanI chAtI para prUjate hAthe peMDo mUke che. karuNanI parisImA tyAM Ave che, zizunI mA kahe che "rannAdenA ratha pharI rokI rokIne keTalAMka varadAna mAMgavAM' ? rannAdenA varadAnasamAM bALakone mRtyudeva Tapa laI le rAmaprasAda dave 1983mAM tanmaya' prakAzita kare che. mitro sva. janArdana vaidya ane sva. bahAdurazAha paMDitanI smRtine A saMgraha kavie arpaNa karyo che. sadgata mitronA zvAsa sAthe potAnA zvAsa eka kharalamAM cUMTAyA hovAnuM teo kahe che. mitronAM avasAnano evo to AghAta lAgyo che ke teo mitrone alavidA na daI zakyA. 1988mAM maNilAla ha. paTela "sAtamI Rtu' saMgraha prakAzita kare che. svajananuM mRtyu thatAM kyAMka cUDI phUTe che, cAMllo bhUMsAya che. AMkhonA kUvA ulecAya che. azrudhAra vahe che. badhuM sUnamUna ne stabdha bane che. cAre tarapha jhaMjhAvAta pachInI zAMti che. kavi kahe che "khAruM khAruM kALuM ghAsa caratA pADAne dharava nathI. | vinoda jozI 1984mAM "paraMtu' laIne Ave che. jIvanane kAMThe ekalI jhUratI kAvyanAyikAnI vyathA "ho piyujI'mAM vyakta thaI che. jIvananA baTakaNiyA jaLanI vacce, sukhanAM gulAba tathA galagoTA vINavA mathatI aNasamaju nAyikAne hAthamAM to Ave che. avAvaru parapoTA ja. pati jatAM kaMkaNa, tathA sogaThAbAjInAM sogaTAM sUnAM thayAM che. najaranA kRpAmAM jhaLajhaLiyAM bharyA che. "jata lakhavAnuM ATaluM yAne vimalIno patra'mAM priyatamAnA patrano nirdeza karI dedAnA marasiyAno saMdarbha gUMthI kavi karuNane ghero banAve che. priyajana jatAM jANe AMsumAM nAhI neNane neve jaLanI soso dAMDalI taraphaDatI hovAnuM kAvyanAyikA kahe che. "kakaDabhUsa AkAza kAgaLa upara khAbaka" svajana jatAM hayAta svajananA tUTI paDatA jIvana AkAzanuM A varNana che. dakSA desAI 1984mAM "zabdAMcala' nAmano kAvyasaMgraha pragaTa kare che. "gAmane mobhAremAM karUNanI chAyA vyakta thaI che. koIkanuM saubhAgyakaMkaNa naMdavAya che. e duHkhamAM P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM yunuM nirUpaNa 381 zAtA ApanAra bhAIne vinaMti karAya che. kaMkaNa nahi, duHkhane vINavAnAM che. kavayitrI kahe che. "dehanA ghUmaTe lAja mUkI lyo DhAMkajo vIrA nAnI vahunA kaMkaNa phUTyA re vaNajo vIrA sUke pAMdaDa... lIluM baLe re ThArajo vIrA...." 39 1990mAM dakSA desAI nirjaLA nadI' laIne Ave che. "tArA pachI'mAM priyajananA smaraNanI vAta kavayitrI kare che. gheghura svajananI smaraNa pAMdaDIthI jaNe e rame che. saDaka para jemaNe cAlatAM zIkhaveluM e mAne "Trasa TesTamAM yAda karAyAM che. have mA nathI'nI vedanA A rIte vyakta thaI che. "mA tuM sadA dhabakato zvAsa - khaDI paDelI bhIMtaDIomAM paDaghAto komaLa zvAsa mANuM mAthe pharato hAtha hIMcakAno kacUDATa sAMbhaLuM gItavachoI vANI kUve khUTyAM pANI re ! tuM kyAM cho mArI mADI ! " 40 kavi indukumAra vyAsa 1985mAM "saMnivAsa' laIne Ave che. "sagata mAtAnI smRtimAM mAne aMjali apAI che. vAtsalyathI bharyobharyo rezamI avAja avakAzamAM vyApI gayAnuM duHkha vyakta thayuM che. kapUrakSeta, AjAravRddha deha pAvaka agnimAM maLI gayAnI vAta teo vyathita haiye kare che. rahI zeSa mAtra saMskRti. to patnInA mRtyu prasaMge ne kavi indukumAra kAramI rIti kahe che. aMtaranA UMDANamAMthI jharaNAM samAM smaraNo phUTe che. - prIti senaguptAno kAvyasaMgraha "khaMDita AkAza" 1985mAM pragaTa thAya che. 'kAntAgaurI' kavayitrInI mAtAnA nidhana pachI racAyelI smRtinuM aneruM saMvedanakAvya che. mAne bheTa ApelI penathI DAyarImAM potAnuM nAma lakhanAra mAnA 'kAntAgaurI' akSaro AMkha sAme tare che. ne kavayitrInAM AMsumAM thIjI jaI e akSaro amUlya banI jAya che. pachI vedanAnA bhArathI kacaDAI keliDoskopanI jema kaNI kaNI thaI verAI jAya che. asvAbhAvika' kAvyamAM mAnA mRtyu pachInI potAnI bhItarI saMvedanAnuM varNana kavayitrIe karyuM che. mAne gumAvyAnI vAta teo kare che, tyAre to teo svAbhAvika hoya che. paNa mananA ekAMtamAM jhATako vAge che, hRdayanuM rakta AMkha sudhI chalakAI Ave che. 1987mAM "sUrajanA zaheramAM' saMgraha prakAzita karanAra kavi niraMjana bhaTTane svajananuM mRtyu svamRtyuno jANe jIvatAM jIvata anubhava karAve che. hAlIputrI uSAnA mRtyusaMdarbhe hRdayano valopAta teo ahIM ThAlave che. sarasa majhAnuM phUla kAMI jiMdagIbhara sAtha nathI P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 382 ApatuM. svajananuM mRtyu thatAM "ghara" pachI "ghara' nathI rahetuM. jigarano TukaDo cirAI jatAM haiyuM khaMDerasamuM bane che. ne haiyAnuM mauna paNa raDI UThe che. amane Apone'mAM paNa dIkarInA mRtyune kAraNe verAna banelA AyakhAnI vedanA zabdabaddha banI che. pAna DALathI alaga thaI gayAnI vedanA akathya hovAnuM kavi kahe che. "AMkhone aNasAre' kAvya paNa sadgata putrInAM smaraNone ubharAve che. sadUgata putrI rusaNAnuM gIta laIne sophAmAM Ave che. to "sUraja DULyo ne' dIkarInA avasAne potAnA jIvananA sukhano sUraja DUbyAnI pratIti karAve che. kavi kahe che. "AMkhonuM baMdha thAvuM kema re bhUlAya? 41 svajana adhakhullA bAraNAmAMthI hAlI nIkaLyA che, te loko ToLe vaLyA che. UgatA pagalAne vAMkI najare - jue che tyAM zvAsonuM raNa rahyuM thAkI" 42 svajana-mRtyue jIvanane raNa samuM banAvI dIdhuM che. caitanyabahena, ja. diveTiyA 1987mAM "puSpAMjali' kAvyasaMgraha prakaTa kare che. pitAnI prathama puNyatithie racelI A racanAo che. pitAjI jatAM potAnI jIvananAva aTavAtI. anubhavAya, paNa IzvaramAM zraddhA hovAthI teo svasthatA meLavI zake che. A kavayitrIe thoDAMka hAIku paNa lakhyAM che. "prANa UDI gayuM sugaMdha avazeSamAM" 43 mAM mRtyu pAmanAranI smaraNa sugaMdhanI zAzvatatAnI vAta kavayitrIe karI che. 1988mAM upendra paMDyA "jharamara' kAvyasaMgraha laIne Ave che. "e" kAvyamAM patnInA avasAne mULamAMthI ukhaDI hacamacI janArA kAvyanAyakanI vedanAne kavi vAcA Ape che. patnInA avasAna bAda jiMdagI animeSa, stabdha, bhUtAvaLa samI, bihAmaNI, pralaMba ne kAramI banI gaI che. patnInA avasAne have to mAtra mRtyu ja jIvatuM rahyAMnI anubhUti thAya che. to "gaI tuM'mAM sadUgata bahenane yAda karAI che. "gulAba kharI gayuM, ne kaMTako rahI gayAM'nI anubhUti teo kare che. - bhIkhu kapoDiyA "ane bhaumitikA' nAmano saMgraha 1988mAM prakaTa kare che. tame gayAM nemAM priyA jatAM sarvatra prasarelA sUnakAranI vAta karAI che. AMgaNiye lIMpaNamAM paDelI hatheLIonI bhAta have kalabalatI nathI. okaLIonI thIjI gayelI pAMkha joI Abha jevaDo nisAso kAvyanAyaka nAkhe che. e 1989mAM devakumAra pinAkina trivedI "ovAraNA laIne Ave che. "tiyAnAnmana coka' cInanI rAjadhAnIno jAhera coka che. jyAM svAtaMtryane lokazAhI mATe zAMtipUrvaka pradarzana karatA hajAro vidyArthIo upara sarakAre goLIbAra karyA, ne TeMka calAvI tala karI. e ghaTanAne kendramAM rAkhI cokamAMnI smazAnavata zAMtino karuNa saMdarbha kavi Ape che. kavi kahe che tiyAnA"na cokamAM have InTaranezanala pIsa ja pIsa che. lazkare eka jhATake nIce Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust P.P, AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. "

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 383 kheMcI AkAza ne ThIMgaNuM karyuM. sAmyavAdamAM sau sarakhA. saue sASTAMga daMDavat karyA, arthAta haMmeza mATe sau sUtA. citrakAra kavi rAju pArekha 1989mAM "kadAca kavitA' pragaTa kare che. kALA kavi benjAmIna molAIsane phAMsI apAI. AyaralenDa, belaphAsTa, priToriyA, rahoDeziyA ethI trasta thayAM. kavi ahIM karuNa kaTAkSa kare che. damAmadAra be miniTa zoka, mauna Ujavaze. (mauna pALaze, ema nahi, mauna Ujavaze') mRtyu "joNuM' banI jAya che. bIje divase, zokasabhA pachI tarata ja pAchI, eja kALA dhoLAnI zAzvata sUga. adhatana yuga - mRtyu svarUpa, mRtyu ciMtana, mRtyunI vAstavikatA tathA bhayAnakatA sureza joSI saM. 2017mAM 'pratyaMcA' kAvyasaMgraha pragaTa kare che. "laharI' kAvyamAM kavi mRtyunA iMDAne phoDI bahAra nIkaLatA jIvanazAvakanA prathama ucchavAsanA saMketasamI savAra UgyAnI vAta kare che. jemAM mRtyu para jIvanabaLano vijaya sUcavAyo che. "sUrya ane caMdra'mAM jUInI kaLIne khabhe mAthuM TekavI DhaLI paDatA zizu zA sUryanI vAta karatAM "mRtyuno khoLo, jANe jUInI kaLIno khabho' kahI pratIkAtmaka rIte mRtyunI najAkatane sUcave che. teramA kAvyamAM sureza joSI lohImAM bhaLI gayelA mRtyunA anubhavanI vAta kare che. caudamA kAvyamAM mRtyunAM judAM judAM rUpanI teo vAta kare che. caMdranuM khaDI raMganuM preta, eTale ja corapagale pravezatuM mRtyu. jene paDakArI kaMkayuddha nAyaka kare che. aDhAramA kAvyamAM mahelane minAre lAla cAMcavALA kALA moTAmasa paMkhInI vAta mRtyunuM pratIka che. enI AMkho jANe agninI AMca. kAvyanAyaka mRNAlane saMbodhI kahe che. "lALajharate moDhe gharaDuM maraNa bhaTake che bAraNe bAraNe pUche che mAruM nAma" ja mRtyuno bhaya eTalo che ke, mRtyu ene oLakhI na zake eTalA mATe kAvyanAyaka zaheranA ToLAmAM potAno cahero vAraMvAra bhUsato phare che. saMtADato phare che. mRtyunI vibhAvanA have badalAI che. hovuM na hovuM nI dvidhAmAM guMcavAto mAnava enA paDachAyAmAM maraNanA oLAne mApa leto jue che. kAvyanAyaka kahe che. "maraNa eTale mokSa e vAtamAM mane vizvAsa nathI maraNa pachI paNa samaya to vaLagelo ja rahe che. 2. e meM marelAonI AMkhomAM joyuM che pachI gaNita badalAya che eTaluM ja" 42 kavayitrI suzIlA jhaverI 1985mAM patinA avasAna (1979) nimitte lakhAyeluM pustaka kSaNonuM Albama' pragaTa kare che. jemAM jiMdagInA savAlanA javAba tarIke "mRtyu'ne emaNe P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S.. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 384 oLakhAvyuM che. mRtyu dasa DagalAM dUra, roja TukaDo khAvA TevAyelA zvAnanI jema bAraNA pAchaLa beThuM tarApa mAraze, evI bhIti satata rahe che. mRtyunA mAnava paranA varcasvanI vAta karatAM kavayitrI, yamane kadAca koI niyamo ja nathI. ('yamane', ema kahe che. kavayitrI candra jADejA mRtyune "aNaghaDa' kahe che. ne tethI ja enI niMdA paNa zuM karavI? mAtRvAtsalya zuM kahevAya, enI aNaghaDa mRtyune zI khabara hoya ? aradhuM mukha chupAvI UbhelA mRtyunuM kavayitrIne na to kazuM kAma hatuM, na paravA. ekITaze emanA bAraNA sAme joI rahelA mRtyuneya kadAca potAnI bhUlano pastAvo thayo haze. ne tethIja enuM mukha murajhAyeluM dekhAya che. ("AMsuomAM taravuM che') to kyAMka AvA garIbaDA mRtyune "magarUra' kahIne paNa teo navAje che. kyAMka vaLI teo mRtyune "anudAra' paNa kahe che. ("rAjahaMsI') jiMdagI motanI majAkathI bharelI hovA chatAM makaraMda davene e game che. kAraNa mota emane mana "mIThI muskAna" che. mRtyu pathArIne teo "amiyala seNa' kahe che. jJAnanI jAgRti motane paNa miTAvI zake evI emanI zraddhA che. ('amala piyAsI) "amRta bhInAM svajanomAM svajana mRtyunI vAta e rIte kahevAI che. jANe e prasaMga atyAre ja banyo hoya. maranArano zvAsa dhIre dhIre ThaMDo paDI zamI jAya che. hetALa hRdayanA dhabakAra zamI jaI kyAre ThaMDo paDI jAya che, enI khabara paNa paDatI nathI. kavi makaraMda davene mana mRtyu' kALarUpI paramasiMdhunI aMtima bheTa che. ('sadgata mitrone') "mRtyu eTale mahAmilana' to bIjI bAju "maraNanI kALI paLo'nA vAstavaneya teo nathI bhUlatA. "milApa basa aMtano? akaLa zAMti zuM astanI sadA jIvanane gaLe, maraNanI zuM kALI paLo ?" * jagadIza jozIe hospiTalanA vAtAvaraNamAM joyeluM mRtyu A rIte sAkAra thayuM che. "paNa mRtyunA mAMjAra - pagalA jevAM ja rabarasola paherelI, dhoLI dIvAdAMDIo eka jhabakAre doDAdoDa karI mUke che. ane mRtyu koIka jhINI tirADomAMthI bhAgI jAya che kyAreka khAlI hAthe to kyAreka dADhamAM kazuMka saMtADIne 47 sureza dalAla kahe che "mRtyunI vaccovacca jIvanano mahimA pragaTa karatAM dazyo enI najaramAMthI chaTakyAM nathI."... priyajana kAvyanAyakane "Avajo' to kahe che, paNa AMkhamAMthI AMsu TapakyA vinA nathI rahetAM. "A bhava kadI be pAMpaNo sAthe nahIM maLe P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 385 ociMtI, UMghamAM ja TharI jAya jiMdagI" 49 jagadIza jozI kahe che "huM jouM chuM mArI uttarakriyA' potAnA ja mRtyu vize sAkSIbhAve vicAravuM, ke kalpavuM e hiMmata mAgI le tevo chatAM ramya anubhava che. maranAra jIva jANe taLiye nAva DUbe ema potAnI zayAmAM potAne zamato anubhave che. smazAnamAM pravezatAM ja maMdira Avaze, paNa maranArane e maMdira dekhAze nahi, enAthI hAtha paNa joDAze nahi. smazAnanI bahAra vahI jatAM vAhanonI bhIDane kAyama mATe krosa karIne maranAra to nIkaLI jAya che kyAMka dUra dUra. 1979mAM jagadIza jozIno maraNottara saMgraha "monTA kaoNlAja' pragaTa thAya che. 'kSaNonA lAkSAgRhamAM mRtyunA varcasvanuM eka virala kAvya che. sauno kAna AmaLatA mRtyunA zAsananuM kavi joradAra varNana ahIM kare che. "paMdaraso varSa pahelAMnA pelA pelA leTina kavinI jema Aje paNa mRtyu kAna AmaLe che ne kahe che "jIvye rAkha beTA to te huM AvuM tyAM sudhI...." 50 mRtyu Avaze tyAre jIvana nahi hoya, svajananA mRtyu bAda thatA ziSTAcAro mATe kavi karaNa Akroza vyakta kare che. ciMtAno cahero oDhIne ke kyAreka uDAu vAcAmAM ene cheha-vaTo detA svajanone jagadIza jozI ughADA pADe che. A lAbhazaMkara ThAkara 1965mAM 'vahI jatI pAchaLa ramyaghoSA' laIne Ave che. "taDako' kAvyane sitAMzu mahetA navajAtanI bhASAmAM Asanna mRtyunI arthalupta tethI anyArtha sabhara kathA tarIke oLakhAve che. saMyoganA navA ja vikAsa pachI aMte "taDako jAya marImAM maraNanA satyane kavi pragaTa kare che. lAbhazaMkarane mana marI gayeluM zarIra ucchala sugaMdhathI sabhara che. tethIja teo "mAre nAmane daravAje'ne marI gayelAM zarIronI ucchala sugaMdhanA saMgraha tarIke oLakhAve che. AtmAnI amaratAmAM na mAnavA chatAM jAye ajANye AtmAnA amaratvanI vAta teo karI nAkhe che. mANasanI vAtamAM keTalAMka imeja, bhAva pratIko - zaizava tathA mRtyunAM AkarSaka che. - jema ke, "tema chatAM chedo, tapAvo, ghaso ke TIpo paNa nadIo potAnAM jaLa pIvA jatI nathI che ane vaDavAnala hamezAM samudrane bALe che" 51 mANasanI muktijhaMkhanAne kavi A rIte vyakta kare che. P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 386 "mAre mukti joIe che. e ja mArI moTAmAM moTI - AkAMkSA che" para 1968mAM "bUma kAgaLamAM korA'nI bIjI AvRtti pragaTa thAya che. AtmAnI amaratAmAM na mAnatA kavi lAbhazaMkara motane jUThuM gaNe che, ne motano inkAra paNa kare che. jo ke mRtyuno bhaya to teo anubhave che. A to manamAM Avyo eka apaMga vicAra karI mRtyuno ne dhrUjI UThayo re tharathara sUkA ghAsa samA...." 53 ekAda kacaDAyelI kIDI, ke ekAda mUchALA mAnavanuM mRtyu kAvyanAyakane potAnA mRtyuno vicAra ApI jAya che, ne e sAthe ja samagra astitva dhrUjI UThe che. 1987mAM Adhunika mAnavanI arthahInatAnI anubhUtimAMthI lAbhazaMkara 'lagharo' sarje che. mRtyu sAthe AMkha milAvatAM pahelAM lagharAe vAstava kavitAmAM paDelA bleka holamAMthI joyuM che. "lagharo' samagra mAnava astitvanuM pratIka che. "lagharo' kAMI aMtima nathI. "lagharo' jabhyo paraMparita AtmasAta no nakAra karato ane "lagharo'ja AtmasAta thaI gayo. badhI ja vAtano Akhare aMta Ave che. ema jaLasUtradhArA tUTaka tUTaka thatI jAya, jema mANasanuM AyakhuM khUTI jAya, ema biMdu biMdu thatAM Ave aMta, jaLAzayanI sabharatAno, jaLasUtra dhArAno, ane enA, samajo, ne ToTala oDiyovijhayualano." to bIjI bAju kavi mAnavajIvanane arthasabhara paNa gaNAve che. "paNa ema kaMI aMta nathI Avato mAnavajaMtanA jIvana-taMtano" "hAthamAM AvI gayelA mRtyune vAgoLatI cetanA seribala, enI prazuSka zAkhA prazAkhAmAM jakaDAyeluM mRtyuphaLa uchaLyuM, adhdhara ane paDyuM nIca kavi kahe che "pUratuM maratAM nathI AvaDatuM mAnavIne." 54 1989mAM pragaTa thayelA kAvyasaMgraha "kAlagraMthimAM lAbhazaMkara, jIvananI nirarthakatAno anubhava karatA mAnavanI vAta kare che. Avo mAnava paNa, mota samayeya maravA to nathI ja mAgato. kramazaH AvI rahelA mRtyunI vAta teo A rIte samajAve che. "mANasa jhADanI jema sUkAto jAya, kharato jAya, khakhaDato jAya, sUnamUna ane eka divasa "rAmanAma satya che' basa yaMtravata jIvavAnuM, ne pachI eka divasa pUrNavirAma. asaMkhya kAcone vIMdhI koka (mRtyu ?) nippalaka tAkI rahyuM che. radhuvIra caudharI "mRtyu' nAmanI gajhalamAM paLepaLe mANasano pIcho pakaDatA mRtyunA svarUpane spaSTa karavAno yatna kare che. chAnuMmAnuM AvatuM mRtyu dekhAtuM bhale na hoya, paNa pagalIe pagalIe eno anubhava mANasane acUka thAya che. satata kAryarata rahevA chatAM A mRtyu kadI akaLAtuM nathI. ('tamasA') gulAma mohammada zekha 1974mAM "athavA" kAvyasaMgraha prakAzita kare che. gulAma mohammade "mRtyunuM mAnavIya svarUpa AkAryuM che. Death as a person. dUrathI paNa mRtyunAM pAMsaLAM emane dekhAya che. kavi kahe che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 387 "mRtyu che eka moTuM mojheIka. dUrathI e AkhA mANasa jevuM lAge che ...enuM zarIra mANasanuM che. chatAM ene vRkSa paNa kahI zakAya Adi manuSya ene vAdaLuM paNa kahe enI dhorI nasa kApIe to, dhakhadhakha karatAM jIvaDAM emAMthI nIkaLe... mane mRtyu sAme ja UbheluM dekhAya che. AcharelA pANInA arIsAmAMsAva sAme UbhuM Tagara Tagara tAkatuM" 55 1974mAM "sUraja kadAca Uge' nAmano saMgraha laIne AvatA kavi harikRSNa pAThakanI kavitAmAM potAnAM dvAra roja khotaranAra "bhamaro" ("karuM') paNa mRtyunuM ja pratIka. keTalIya baLatI ceha AMkhamAM AMsu lAvI de che. to vRkSanI vidAyanI vAta, paNa koI vRddha vyaktinI mRtyupratIkSAnuM sUcana kare che. pAMdaDAnI pathArIno sAtharo pAtharIne UbheluM vRkSa aMtima ghaDInI rAha jue che. lo Avo ceha TharI gaI che, huM ye pharI veravikhera mArA thakI je ajANarUpa saue maLIne kaMI spaSTa to karyuM para kavi cinu modI zvAsane maraNa DhAMkavAnuM AvaraNa kahe che. teo kahe che, jIvavA mATe mANasane varSo maLe che. jyAre maraNa mATe mAtra ekaja paLa, jIvavAnuM varSomAM, maravAnuM paLamAM. potAnA maraNano bhAva UMco hovAnuM kahetA kavi moMghA kaphananI yAcanA kare che. "moMdhuM kaphana, oDhADavuM paDaze mane mAro maraNano bhAva vadhato jAya che" pa" ("zApita vanamAM'). cinu modInuM "sUrya' kAvya pratIkAtmaka che. eka ajAyaba chAyA hAthamAM hathiyAra laI daze dizAne kAra ghUmI rahyAnI vAta sarvatra ghUmatA mRtyunuM sUcana kare che. mRtyu dazyarUpe pratIta nathI thatuM, ajAyaba chAyA rUpe ghUmyA kare che e sarvatra. sAta dAdarA caDI paradAdAne vAsa nAkhavA jatAM, pelA kAgaDAo kAvyanAyakane mRtyu pratye sabhAna banAve che. paNa kAvyanAyakanI AMkha UghaDatI nathI, ne eno rasto rokI koka kAcIMDo (raMga badalatuM mRtyu) jANe Ubhelo dekhAya che. "huM kAcIMDo, jhADa jhAMkhare chupAyelA payagambaranuM huM mota 58 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 388 mota payagambaraneya na choDe. "mRtyu" nAmanA sikkAne teo mAtra IzvaranI nabaLAI tarIke ja svIkAraze. bAkI emanA astitvanA Arasa mahelamAM mRtyunI cAkhaDI khakhaDe enI emane koI ja paravA nathI. eka palAyA azva upara besIne bhAgeDu dIkarAnI jema ghara mojhAra pahoMcavAnI vAta karatA kavi cinu modI paNa eTaluM to svIkAre che ke mRtyu ja emane laI jaze potAne ghera. "azva' ahIM mRtyudUtanuM pratIka che. 1974mAM "UrNanAbha' laIne AvatA cinu modI yamadevanA zastrano durupayoga thato aTakAvavA "motanI sAme manAI hukama' paNa pharamAve che. "mRtyu' kAvyamAM jhINA kUNA ghAsa jevA jIvanane pelA yamarAjanA mahiSanI chAyA paDatAM cagadAI javuM paDatuM hovAnI vAta karAI che. 1978mAM "dezavaTo' laIne AvatA cinu modI janmamRtyunI apharatAno nirdeza karatAM kahe che mAtra kAgaLanA phUlane ja janma paNa na hoya, mRtyaya na hoya. bAkI to je janme e mare ja mare. be zvAsanI vacce ATApATA ramatA devane (mRtyudeva) rIjhavyA vagara to chUTako ja nathI. anyadevane jaLasamAdhi levaDAvI zakAya. mRtyudevane gharanA TAMkAmAM padharAvI daI zakAtA nathI. emanI to AjJA zire dharavI paDe. * kavi caMdrakAnta zeTha mAnavanI aMtima avasthAnuM pratIkAtmaka varNana "nakAmo zora kare ('pavana rUperI)mAM kare che. "zaDha saMkelI jIva paDyo A ghATe kahetA kavi jIvana viramI gayAnI ja vAta kare che. jIrNa thayela jIva, jIvanamRtyune ghATa pachI DUbI jAya che. 1974mAM UghaDatI dIvAlo' laIne AvatA "caMdrakAMta zeTha" "kyAM che mAruM mota' ? kahI potAnA motane zodhe che. "mota to jigarajAna mitra che emane mATe. potAnA mRtyunI kALotarI kaDhAvavI che emane. e kAma teo mRtyuneja soMpe che. "jarA A baMdA para rahema karI kADhI to Apo mArI kALotrI - baMdenavAja ! kemanuM che mAruM mota ?" pala Adhunika mAnavanI jIvanaguMgaLAmaNane teoe "mAreya hatuM janmadivasa jevuM kaMIka' kAvyamAM vAcA ApI che. (paDaghAnI pele pAra' 1987). "amane sakhata lAge che amArA hovAnI gUMgaLAmaNa" ja pratIkAtmaka rIte mAnavanI mRtyujhaMkhanAya ahIM vyakta thaI che. "Apa amane madada na karo ? [, A jIrNa koTanI thoDI - iMTo na kheMcI Apo"? "thoDuMka mIThuM mIThuM mota hUMphALuM mota" 1 teo icche che. "tAjI havAmAM bheLavIne ApI zakAya evuM, thoDuMka sarasa madhamadhatuM mota... 2 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 389 navasArabiMdumAM khatama thayelA khelanI vAta karAI che. jo ke navo ghATa UtAravAno nIMbhADo taiyAra hovAnI vAtamAM navuM rUpa, navo AkAra, punarjanma pratye AMgaLI kare che. phasalA zarIranA poTalAmAM cIMtharA vinA kaMI nathI. tethI ja samayasara holavAI javAnI vAta kavi kare che. "goraMbhomAM jIvananI cAlatI cakkInI vAta mRtyunI anivAryatAnuM pratIka che. "cakkI to cAle ja che. be paDa vacce je AvyuM te daLAyuM mArA eka eka azva choDI dauM" che kabIrajI kahe che tema "do pATana, bIca bAkI bacA na koya' Ajano mAnava jIvananI adhUrapa evI to anubhave che ke mRtyuneya jANe potAno khapa nathI. evuM e mAne che. "svayaM mRtyuneya bhale thAya ke, Ane ahIM ja paDyo rahevA do" 4 mULagAma ke asalI nAma kadI koIneya hotAM nathI. e vAta "gALI jo zakAya'mAM vyakta thaI che. "paMkhI to A DALa choDI kyAranoya vidAya thayAM" , mAnavajIvananI nazvaratAne vAcA ApatAM caMdrakAMta zeTha kahe che "sucaMcaLa biMdune siMdhu mAnI mAnava mahela race che, pachI bhale te sau DhaLI jAya" cetanAnAM badhAM rAja AthamI jAya enI kAvyanAyakane paravA nathI. kAraNa teo hadanIye pAra javA mAge che. "bhale have kSaNakSaNa buddhanI jema phUTI phATI jAya UMTa jenA nAkAmAMthI seMkaDo ja pasAra thayA e ja soya kevI UThe dhrujI eka mArI cetanAno dUrathI nihALe dora" * aneka janmAntarono saMdarbha ahIM vaNAyo che. maNilAla desAI 1968mAM "rAnerI" pragaTa kare che. "raNa....2mAM dUra dUra vAgatI ghUgharIno raNakAra mRtyunA Agamanano sUcaka che. kavi rAvajI paTelano maraNottara saMgraha "aMgata' prathama 1971mAM ne 1982mAM bIjI vakhata pragaTa thAya che. "saMbaMdha" nAmanuM 450 paMktinuM kAvya "aMgata' ane 'binaMgata'nA samanvayanuM che. jANe kavinI potAnI ja karuNa-prazasti. rAvajInuM satya eTale eno nijI anubhava. je mRtyunI sAkSIe thayo hovAthI mAtabara che. A kAvyanuM bIjuM sUcaka zIrSaka che. "kSayamAM Atmadarzana' najIka AvI rahelA mRtyunuM pAradarzaka darzana ahIM vAcAbaddha banyuM che. AvI rahelI zAzvata nidrA mATe rAvajI "nidrAnA kezala ToLAM' zabda vApare che. mArI UMgha bhedIne pIgaLI mahuDala TekarIo P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 390 huM saMcarato ke zvAsa paherIne - nidrA pagalAM vINe" 27 kAvyanAyaka ane kavi bane ahIM eka ja che. je kSaNe kSaNe baTakAtA hovAno anubhava kare che. "mane vAvaliyA DhoLe hAtha dUranA najIka AvI rahelA mRtyunI ciMtA nathI. tethI to UMghanI rajavADIo' zabdaprayoga thayo che. mRtyu vyaktirUpe najIka AvI rahyAno anubhava ahI supere vyakta thayo che. "A mArI AMkha kane Ubho to, rAtadivasa mArA jIvavA para kalAke aDadhe kalAke DaMkAnI chaDI pukAre mArI sAme lAMbo lAMbo mANasa jANe lAMbo Ubho" 8 jIvananI muThThImAM gaMdhAtA mRtyunI, anAgatanI kavi A rIte vAta kare che. "darekanI muThThImAM paDyo paDyo gaMdhAya anAgata darekanI muThThImAM ukale amaratajUnI vAva darekanI muThThImAM saLage masANa jUnA" 9 jIvananA amiyala kUpAnI tUTana rAvajI A rIte vyakta kare che. "mAro laherAto laya baTake mane maDadAmAMthI pAcho kheMcI pUche ....mArA maDadA para mUkIne mAruM nAma mane paDakAre" 70 potAno ja zvAsa have adITho ajANyo lAge che. zvAsa suMvALA zarIra banIne pAse bese che. "mRtyu jevA adITha saratA zvAsanI parakha rAvajIne che. kharatA tArA vacce kareNanAM phUlanI jhAlara raNakatI saMbhaLAya che. kavi kahe che. evuM lAge, ke bhaI ghaNIvAra to jIvavAnuM A lapharuM paNa bIjAne mAthe nAkhuM" 1 to kyAreka dehamAM AtmAno bhAra na hovAnuMya anubhavAya che. premane eThuM bora kahetA rAvajI ene ja, adhUrI vAsanAne ja mAnavanAM kaSTonuM kAraNa gaNAve che. emAMthI kadAca chUTavuM che rAvajIne, tethI to kahe che - "huM Avyo chuM have aMtahIna nidrA ghaDavA" 72 raghuvIra caudharI kahe che, "huM Avyo chuM, have aMtahIna nidrA ghaDavA, A dAvo zabdAntare mRtyuno svIkAra kare che. kavi mukti nathI mAgato, zAzvata nidrA jhaMkhe che." 3 to sureza joSI kahe che "rAvajImAM maraNa sAthe saMkaLAyelI rudiSA nathI, maraNaviSayaka kAvyomAM P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 391 hAsyanI choLo vahAvato A kavi "maraNanI to jANe esItesI' evuM jANe kahI nAkhe che." 74 te "mArI AMkhe kaMkunA sUraja' vize kavizrI umAzaMkara lakhe che "mRtyu vakhate maranArane mATe badhAya divasonA sUraja ekasAmaTA Athame che. potAnA mRtyunI vAta kavie sUrajanA saMketathI karI che." 05 bIjI lITIthI aMtima prayANanI vAta zarU thAya che. e prayANanI kathA kahevA koI pAchuM pharyuM nathI. vahelane zaNagAravA kahe che. prANadIvaDAnI zagane saMkoravA kahevAya che. ajavALAM paridhAna karIne zvAsa UbhA che mahAyAtrAnA AraMbha mATe. "pILe re pAMde lIlA dhoDA DULyA' pILuM pAMda kharuM jotAM to maranAranuM zarIra che. A kAvyanI vyakti jene svayaM kavi mAnavAmAM vAMdho nathI, te to juvAna che. paNa zarIra kSayathI khavAIne pILuM pAMda banI gayuM che. havenI yAtrA to kharavAnI yAtrA che. pAMceya indriyonA haNahaNatA ghoDA have DULyA." ja A duniyAmAM kazuM have potAnuM rahyuM nathI. jenI dvArA duniyA grahaNa thaI zakatI hatI te indriyo DUbI." (pR. 80, zabdanI zakti) haNahaNatI suvAsa dvArA AkhuM vizvajagata jANe potAnI tarapha AkarSA na rahyuM hoya? kavi umAzaMkara kahe che "jo mRtyu pUrve potAne vize karuNaprazasti (elejI lakhI zake te evI jAtakaruNaprazasti) (selpha elejI) A kRtine lekhI zakAya. rAvajInuM "haMsagIta" (svAna soMga) lekhavAnuM vadhu pasaMda karuM." e mRtyune harIndra priyatama kahe che dUrathI eno sAda Ave che. "heja hasI lyo hoTha, neNa nIrakhI lyo duniyA nA sAme tIra jhukAvo sAjana, e aNajANyA taTe koInA mITa mAMDI beThAM locaniyAM" ba (mauna 110) jene sau mota kahe che ene harIndra maMjhile javA mATenA vaLAMka tarIke oLakhAve che. loko jene "mRtyu' kahe che ene harIndra jIva zivamAM bhaLyAnI ne hekamAM maheka maLyAnI prakriyA tarIke oLakhAve che. jIva A saMsArathI Upharo cAlyo jAya, ne teja mahAtejamAM bhaLI jAya ene "mRtyu' na kahevAya. maraNanuM svarUpa oLakhavAnI harIndranI tamannA che. "koI to oLakhAvo maraNa kevuM hoya che." (samaya 16) kAvyanAyake jIvana temaja mRtyu baMnemAMthI rasa gumAvyo che. e maraNano asvIkAra kare che. maraNane zvAse saMkelelA deha tarIke teo oLakhAve che. maraNane jiMdagI mAnI enI sAthe vAto karI hatI kadIka. mRtyuno bhaya nathI, mRtyune kavi "ArAma' kahe che. harIndra mRtyune oLakhavAno dAvo kare che. "mRtyune oLakhuM chuM e nakkI nathI nathI. jIvananI AsapAsa A kono prasAra che (69 samaya) prasAra to zarIranA mRtyuno che. bAkI Ama to kavi mRtyu'no svIkAra ja karatA nathI. mRtyune "sukhada UMgha' kahe che teo. mRtyune bAraNuM nathI, na to ene nimaMtrI zakAya, ke na TALI zakAya. to jiMdagI paNa mAnavane vaza nathI, kyAMka jIvanano thAka, ne mRtyuno bhaya paNa vyakta thayA che. mRtyunI hastI sAthe harIndrane gADha dostI che. mRtyune uvekhI zakAya ema na hoya to pachI sneha P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. * Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 392 kema ene na satkAravuM, mRtyune to baMne bAju AMkha che. AgaLa ne pAchaLa AMkho rAkhI uMbara para beThelA mRtyuthI have teo chaLI maratA nathI, UlaTuM sAmethI e mRtyunA khabara aMtara pUche che. satata kAma karI e thAkI gayuM hoya to aMdara AvI ArAma karavAnuM ane nimaMtraNa paNa Ape che." pharI nirAMte kyAre maLIzuM? ema pUchI nAkhe che e. mRtyune zodhavuM kyAM? kavi kahe che, zvAsa vinAnA piMjarAmAM, mRtyu zodhanArAne kaho mRtyu eTale gati mRtyu eTale zvAsa mRtyu eTale havA, mRtyu eTale nAto" (125 hayAtI) (A badhAmAM mRtyune kyAM zodhavAnuM? chaTakaNuM che mRtyu to) motanA dezathI badhA bhaDake che. tyAre harIndra daveno kAvyanAyaka, amastA ja mRtyunA pradezamAM laTAra mAravA utsuka che. to kyAMka mRtyuno bhaya paNa sevAyo che. zarIrane vAMsanI vaLI para bAMdhavAnI nA pADato kAvyanAyaka mRtyu icchato nathI. mRtyu sAthe pherA pharavAnI vAta karatAMya cakkara AvI jAya. satata potAnI hAjarInI pratIti karAvatI preyasIrUpe kyAreka mRtyune kavie oLakhAvyuM che. dUrathI enAM pagalAM sAMbhaLavA chatAM eno paricaya nathI maLato. kAraNa enuM svarUpa adazya che. kAvyanAyaka mRtyune oLakhavA satata mathe che. AthamatAM kiraNonA sonerI caLakATa sAthenuM jaLa stabdha thaI jAya, e to mRtyu nathI ne? utsava ane mRtyu jayAM eka thaI jAya evI koIka kSaNe kAvyanAyaka asahAya banI jAya che. janmadivasano utsava e mRtyuno ja utsava che. - rameza pArekha zarIranI kSaNabhaMguratA mATe kAcanuM makAna' zabda vApare che. madharAte koI sUryavaMzI asavAranuM Agamana, yamadevanA AgamananuM pratIka. aMdhakAra paNa mRtyunuM ja pratIka. svajanamRtyune kAraNe rezamalIlI bhInAza svapnanI jema sarakI jAya che. jIvanano dvAra to khAlI ja vasAya. pelo aMdhakAra-mRtyu sahajamAM e dvAra kholI pravezI jAya "ne jatAM nIrakhI rahuM TharatA dIvAnA zvAsane 8 ne janArane nathI rokI zakAtA. jotajotAmAM svajananA zvAsa TharI jAya che. "eka marasiyuM'mAM aNaciMtavyo gharano mobha tUTyAnI vedanA vyakta thaI che. 'Epidemic' mAM rogathI bhayabhIta thayelA kAvyanAyakanI sthiti rameza pArekhe nirUpI che. eka sAthe keTalI gatino dora ahIM emaNe sAdhyo che. mRtyuno bhaya mAnavane kevo bebAkaLo banAvI de che. enuM citrAtmaka varNana kavie karyuM che. joyuM ne UDyo, ne cokyo ne kUdyo ne nATho re nATho che sau pAse potAnuM gaMdhAtuM zaba" 9 Adhunika kavie jIvananA thAkane sarjananA kendramAM rAkhyo che. thAkagheryA zvAsanI pIMchI vaDe jIvavAnA citrane jaldI pUruM karavA kahevAyuM che. zarIranA be TukaDAo tarapha haLave haLave koNa jANe kyAMthI mRtyu prakaTapaNe AvatuM dekhAya. kapAyelA zarIrano eka eka TukaDo jhaDapa mArI moMmAM pakaDI peluM mRtyu cagaLavA lAge, cAve, vaLI toDe, ane kozakozamAMthI lijjatapUrvaka sattva cUse, jayAM sudhI temanAM moMmAM taDaphaDatuM zarIra lAzamAM pheravAI na jAya tyAM sudhI cusakI para cusakI bharatA rahe. 1980mAM rameza pArekha "tva' saMgraha prakaTa kare che. vizvanI vIthiomAM potAnuM mRtyu P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 393 thavAnI vAta karatAM kavi kahe che. "mAruM pUrNazamana thaze enI vAyavyakatala vIthiomAM" 0 ne pachI poteja vizvapriyAnA garbhanuM svarUpa dhAraNa karI navaziSNurUpe punarjanma dhAraNa karaze evI zraddhA vyakta thaI che. maranAra mATe pachI samayanuM paNa pUrNavirAma AvI jatuM hoya che. divAsvapnamAM kavi kahe che. "kAlanA goTegoTA kharI paDyA" 81 "A kharI paDyuM, te kharI paDyuM ne jANuM locana kharI paDyAM tuM kharI raDI, huM kharI paDyo ne paNe jUInA choDa taLe, eka khobo capaTI jIva gaMdhanI kALI jojana laya ghUmarImAM DULyo" (2) rameza pArekha janma tathA mRtyu baMnene jAhera ghaTanA kahe che. saDaka vacce marI gayelA kAgaDAnI vAta A to mAnavamAtranI mRtyu-ghaTanA che. . "lyo kAgaDo hovAno eno kAryakrama pUro thayo have A rASTragIta gAva kAgaDo marI gayo n83 mANasa hovAnA pUrNavirAmane kavi mRtyu kahe che. mRtyu eTale jIvana jIvavAno pUro thayelo kAryakrama. rameza pArekha mRtyu nAmanA rAjAdhirAjane potAnA astitvanI sogAda dharavAnI vAta kare che. "jAuM ne mRtyu nAmanA rAjAdhirAjane pesenja2, ramezanI sogAda karI jouM 84 chadmaveze saunI najIkamAM ja satata rahetA mRtyunI vAta kavi rameza pArekha pAMcavRtta gajhala'mAM sarasa rIte rajU kare che. cha"nAme rahe saunuM mRtyu sauthI najIkamAM zvAsanuM cAlavuM e ja jherIlI phAMsa hoya che "85 AkhuM zahera kRtAMtanI muThThI, ne emAM sau bhayatrasta, emAMthI je laherathI nIkaLI zake e lAzo biMdAsa hovAnuM kavi kahe che. mRtyubAda zarIranI temaja mAnavanI paNa thatI avadazAnI vAta "dasamaNa agnimAM karAI che. dasamaNa agnimAM hAtha pachI saLagI UThe che. badhuM jotajotAmAM haLaphaLa banI jAya che. paMDaya dhumADo thai gayuM ne taNakho thaI gaI vAta "8 mRtyu mAnavane eka paLamAM che' mAMthI hato' banAvI de che. 1981 mAM "sananana, nAmano kAvyasaMgraha rameza pArekha pragaTa kare che. "nIkaLIe'mAM mRtyu samayanA prayANanI P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 394 sthitinuM kavie varNana karyuM che. bharyA gharamAMthI ame khAlI khAlI nIkaLIe" 80 maraNa potAnuM Agamana "khuzAlI banI raheze, enI khAtarI Ape che. zarIra dodaLuM thaI jAya pachI mAnave marI javuM joIe. evuM parokSa sUcana "zarIrAyaNa'mAM karAyuM che. jagata eka musApharakhAnuM hovAthI tyAM jhAjhuM na rahevAya, tethI kavi potAnI jAtane ja ahIMthI ucALA bharavA kahe che. jIvananI baMdhapeTIne kholatAM "eka kALo tokhAra haNeNe" 88 enA e mAtelA ghoDAnI (mRtyudUtanI) phALa gajabanI che. sabosaba osarI vadhI soMsarI, kALI phALa nAkhIne, vALa phaMgoLI tabaDATI denAra hUMphADe" 89 mahemAnagItamAM dhIredhIre thatA mRtyunA AgamananI vAta karAI che. AthamatA AthamatA jhAMkhA thavAnI vAta chellA jhabakAranuM sUcana karI jAya che. to "Ava Ava, tAjo nakkara jIva hera'mAM "vAsAMsi jirNAni'no paDagho saMbhaLAya che. 1970mAM "kadAca' ane 1981mAM "baraphanAM paMkhI' saMgraha prakaTa karanAra kavi anila jozI "aDhI akSariyuM' kAvyamAM jIvanane ja eka jIvaleNa vyasana tarIke oLakhAve che. 'jIva cALatI mAyAmAM ogaLI jatI kAyAneya mAyAnAM vaLagaNa kevAM hoya che enI kavi vAta kare che. "ema to hajI jIvavAnuM che ema to hajI maravAnuM che" 0 mRtyubAda khovAI jAya che mAnavanuM samagra astitva, ne vyaktitva, e pachI jaI pahoMce che enA potAnA ekAMtanA rezamI paDadA pAchaLa. huM UThI gayo chuM ne cAlyo gayo chuM mArA ekAMtanA rezamI paDadAo pAchaLa" 91 samudranA khArA pavanathI cikkAra bharelA divAnakhAnAmAM piyAnonI kALI cAlanA pagathiyAM UtaratI pILI AMgaLIo ekAeka aTakI paDe che. ne mRtyu samaye paLAtA aupacArika malAjA vize kavi vAta karyA vinA rahI zaktA nathI. ("kavinuM akALe mRtyu) be miniTanI dAbaDImAM mauna goThavIne UbhA rahenAra loko para karaNakaTAkSa kavi kare che. TrenamAM laTaktA TrAnsapharebala guDasa banI gayelA mANasonI manaHsthitine vAcA ApatA anila jozI kahe "eka divasa ApaNe badhA - A zaheranA kabrastAnamAM P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 395 UbhAM UbhAM A savAla pUchIzuM - A lAzane dATavI che bolo, skevaraphITano zuM bhAva che?" 92 kavi sitAMzu yazazcaMdra "oDiyUsanuM halesuM' kAvyasaMgraha 1974mAM pragaTa kare che. yamadUta'mAM nirarthakatAno bhAva sUcavavA bAlasahaja bhASAno kavie prayoga karyo che. "kaMI nahIM, nAM bI lIdhAM che. TopariyALo, zelaDiyALo, goLiyALo tUTI jaze re koTa rezamanA paDadAnI pAchaLa tage vAghanI AMkho 93 jIvana eTale rezamano paDado ane enI pAchaLa tagatI vAghanI AMkho' eTale yamadUtamRtyu. tarata ja kavi yamadUtane "varu' tarIke varNave che. "toya ema lAge che kyAranuM A koka varu gheTAne zodhe ....aTake, Take na kyAMya ne bhaTake, ekaja sarakhAM pAMca bhoTilAM bhaTake" 94 mRtyu-eka sarariyala anubhavamAM sitAMzue pavanavegI mRtyudUtanA AgamananI vAta AvanAranA vegIlA AgamananI jema ja vegapUrNa bhASAmAM karI che. bAraNAM vAsIe toya kharI pachADI puccha uchALI doDatA e kALA Dammara ghoDA bAraNAM toDIne aMdara dhasI Ave evuM emanuM joma. aMdarathI tyAM kyAM kyAM kyAM kyAM kharI pachADI puccha uchALI doDyA | Dammara, dhoLA ghoDA, kALe khaDakALe ratha joDyA" 95 "jyotIndra jainInAM citro yAda AvatAM' kAvyamAM kavi sitAMzue mayonI janmabhUmi masyone ja ajANI' hovAnuM kahyuM che. mRtyunA raMgamahelamAM, bhUrAM ThaMDA pANImAM saLakatA DiMbhanI vAta, janmatAM pahelAM ja mRtyunA thatA sparzanA satyane prakaTa kare che. to "manu yama ane jaLa eka sarariyala purANakathA'mAM kavi garama maraNanA garama pravAhInI vAta kare che. "sAMdhuM barphIlA AyuSyone A garama maraNanA garama pravAhI sAtheenA daMta mULanA casakAonA UMDA TAMkA laIne sAcI mane jarA to sAMdhu ....janamanI mora DiMbhanI cAre P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 396 bAju, nIra, hatAM te have netra para tare je jovuM te jovuM enI ArapAra, Akhare" 99 kavi matya mAnavone manunI sAthe temaja yamanI sAthe cAlavA kahe che. dA. ta. "muMbaI hayAtInI tapAsano eka sarariyala ahevAlamAM muMbaI zahera, maraNonI DALa para UbheluM hovAnuM kavi kahe che. ('kALuM paMkhI') jenA paMjA tathA jhApaTanI vAta paNa kavie karI che. nADIo para dhabakatAM ghaDiyALa meLavI zakAya na ye meLavI zakAya phera na paDe tyAM kazAthI ye jANe ke 90 1986mAM "jaTAyu' saMgraha laIne AvatA sitAMzu "pralaya' kAvyamAM pANInA ghUghavatA vinAzakArI pUrane "DAdhuonuM ToLuM' kahe che. | Urmi ane buddhinA samanvayanI kavitA ApanAra jayA mahetA cAsanAlAnA mRtyukAMDa saMdarbhe, mAnavonI chatI thayelI saMvedanazUnyatA tarapha IzAro kare che. to 'drazyo'mAM jIvanavRta paranI zraddhAno paricaya apAyo che. bIjA dazyamAM kUMDAmAM UgADelA choDa para eka jAsUda khIlI kharI javA chatAM, lIlAchama choDamAM rahelA sanAtana jIvanatvanI eMdhANI kavie ApI che. vyakti mare che, jIvanadhArA to anaMta avirata cAlyA kare che. mANasa marI jAya che pachI'mAM mANasanA mRtyu bAdanI aupacArikatA pratye karuNa kaTAkSa karAyo che. thoDA divasa ThAlA AzvAsanonI avarajavara rahe che. gItA ane garuDapurANanI havA rahe che thoDA divasa, tyArabAda benka belensa aMgenI pUchaparacha, rezanakArDamAMthI maranAranA nAmanI bAdabAkI, vagereno nirdeza mAnavonI saMvedanazUnyatAnI pratIti karAve che. 1982mAM 'eka divasa' nAmano kAvyasaMgraha jayA mahetA prakaTa kare che. "mRtyu' kAvyamAM AvI rahelA mRtyunI vAta pratIkAtmaka rIte karAI che. "khaMDa stabdha dIvAlo phikkI phikkI phaphaDATa zamI gayo che" 98 jIvana viramI gayAnI vAta ahIM sAMketika rIte kahevAI che. "aMtima virAma'mAM acAnaka AkAza biDAI javAnI vAta, jIvana bIDAvAno saMketa Ape che. 1985mAM jayA mahetA "AkAzamAM tArA cUpa che' saMgraha laIne Ave che. mRtyudUtane teo duzmananA lazkara sAthe sarakhAve che. 1987mAM pragaTa thayela hospiTala poemsa'mAM dareka jIva pIDAnA kocalAmAM baMdIvAna hovAnI vAta karAI che. "zveta vastro che, nispRha, nirmama anAsakta phare che, bujhAtA dardIo che ajANa anAgatanA paDachAyAmAM tharathare che" 99 ajANa anAgata eTale "mRtyu. vaNajhaMkhuM koIka (mRtyu) kyAMkathI AvI na jAya, eno bhaya sevatA bujhAtA dardIonI vAta, "mRtyunA bhayane zabdabaddha kare che, mRtyu keTalI hade rojiMdI ghaTanA lAge che. e vAtane nAnakaDA kAvyamAM kavayitrIe A rIte mUkI che. ekAeka pavana paDI jAya che. rAkhoDI sapanAMono bhaMgAra laIne P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 397 jahAja samudramAM garaka thaI jAya che rAtanI zAMtimAM bhaMga paDato nathI mRtyu pachI zuM....no vicAra paNa pharakI jAya che, "dIvAlo besavA mAMDe che tyAre." 10 jIvananI cadariyAnA taMtue taMtu chUTA paDavA mAMDe che. upaTI gayelA raMga ke jhAMkhI thatI bhAtane soyadorA ne thAgaDathIgaDathI jALavI zakAtAM nathI. daradIonA bhAvino anizcita mArga kyAre kaI tarapha dizApalaTo karaze enI emane khabara hotI nathI. "mRtyuno koI ja vikalpa nathI" "dIvAlo besavA mAMDe tyAre bIjo koI rastoja nathI raheto. ajavALA aMdhArAnA paDadA cIrIne raMgaberaMgI sUtaranA gUMcavAyelA tAMtaNAM toDIne sImAo vaLoTIne nIkaLI javA sivAya" "havAmAM thaze eka Acho romAMca ane pachI, aMte to hemanuM hema hoye 101 mRtyu sImAo vaLoTavAnI kriyA che. kavayitrI kahe che anaMta divasono sathavAro laIne eka kSaNa Ave che, vAvAjhoDuM thaIne havAnAMye spaMdano jhIlavA asamartha vastra nizcanTa, tAMtaNAno bhAro AMsuothI, asita, alipta agnine samarpita, jhaLahaLI UThe che eka eka tAMtaNo vastrano" para yuddhajanya vedanA ane viSAdanI viSamatA to kRSNaneya asahya lAge che. bhIkhanI jema kRSNane kAMI icchAmRtyunuM varadAna maLyuM na hatuM. emane to pratIkSA karavAnI hatI pAradhInA bANanI, mRtyu AvatAM "pavanano eka joradAra sapATo ekAeka hacamacI jAya che sUtelI DALIo jhabakIne thIjI jAya che, vRkSa avAja vagara" 13 vyaktinuM mRtyu thatAM chavAya che stabdha zAMti. . pannA nAyaka mRtyu aMgenI anokhI abhivyakti "mRtyu' kAvyamAM sAdhe che. "vAsaMtI vAyarAnA sparza jANe kesUDAnI ekAda kaLInuM saheje khaDakhaDATa vinA haLavethI kharI javuM ja be bilADIo'nI aMtima paMktio vedhaka vyaMjanAthI sabhara che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 398 ne khATalA pAse bilADIo jIvana mRtyunA, be moTA praznArtha cihana . jevI UbhI tI." 105 mRtyunA nizcita vAstavanI vAta karatAM kavayitrI kahe che. "ApaNe nizcita kalAke ja pahoMcIe chIe yamarAjane dvAre" hae A kavayitrI mRtyudUta sAthe sIdhIja vAta karI le che. "Tebala para paDelI mArI kavitAnI adhUrI paMktio joI mRtyudUta pAcho to nahIM pharI jAya ne ?" 100 mRtyunA pratIkasamI billI' pote bhayAnaka na hovAnuM kahe che. potAne gaLe, moMe hAtha mUkI naramAzano purAvo joI javA kahe che. 1984mAM "nisbata' laIne pannAnAyaka Ave che. kavayitrIe mRtyune AMgaNuM vALatAM joyuM che. ('kyAreka.) "jyAM mRtyunAM caraNa rajakaNarahita cAlI zake'mAM jIvana temaja mRtyu baMnenI svacchatA pramANAI che. teo kahe che kahevAya che ke mRtyu samaye manuSyanI pasAra thayelI AkhI jiMdagI najara samakSa Flash Back nI jema khaDI thAya che" 108 ahIM paNa eka kAvyamAM billI mRtyunA pratIkarUpe Ave che. e potAnA janmanI sAtheja janmelI, ne sadA potAnI pAse ja rahetI hovAnuM kavayitrI kahe che. "enI pAse dhAradAra astra che-najara', "ene satata tAkyA karavAnI Teva che' enI tAkatI najarathI e akaLAI jAya che. ene khabara nathI ke kaI ghaDIe e enI AMkho phoDI nAkhaze. 1989mAM pannA nAyaka "arasaparasa' saMgraha laIne Ave che. kavayitrI maraNanuM sAme cAlIne svAgata karavA utsuka che. ne tyAre emanA caherA para koI raMga UghaDaze kharo? kevo haze e raMga? A badhAthI teo atyAre sAva ajANa che. teo kahe che. eka vAta tamane kAnamAM kahuM ? mane ajANyA raMganI mAyA lAgI che" 19. 1975mAM "AzaMkA' nAmano kAvyasaMgraha pragaTa karanAra kavi vipIna parIkha mRtyu pachI zuM nahi maLe? nI sarasa vAta "mRtyu' nAmanA kAvyamAM kare che. bIjuM to ThIka, paNa "phUlonI pAMdaDImAM IndradhanuM dekhAtuM baMdha thaI jaze'-enI ciMtA kavine jarUra che. prathama varSanA zItala P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

Page #400
arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 399 sparza pachI tvacA parathI koI gIta nahi phUTe, eno vasavaso kavine che ja. pachI koI kAvya nahi janme enI vedanAya ochI nathI. Ama to mAnavIne jIvanamAM kaMI keTalAya zvAsa levAnA hoya che. paNa kyAreka eka eka zvAsa mATe keTalo badho parizrama paDato hoya che. AvA mRtyunI cetavaNI jAherarastA para hArTa eTeka'mAM apAI che. mRtyune eka ghaTanA ke kevaLa vAstava tarIke vicAratA kavi kahe che priyajananA mRtyu pachI enA dehane vaLagIne besI rahevAtuM nathI. "tamane ekalA kaze nahIM javA dauM' ema kahenAra paNa janArane rokI zakatuM nathI. vipIna parIkha mRtyunA vicArane aNagamato kahe che. (kvInsaroDa') kavimRtyunA vicArane napuMsaka ane "kALo' kahe che. paNa kavi e to jANe ja che ke, mRtyunA vicAra karavA na game toya karavA paDe. "smazAnanI UMcI dIvAlo kUdIne paNa eno dhumADo rastA para chavAI jAya che, ne mRtyu jANe potAnA astitvanI jorajorathI chaDI pokAre che." 110 eka TUMko paricaya' nAmanA kAvyamAM mRtyuno TUMko paricaya kavi vipIna parIkha ApaNane karAve che. "mRtyu sapheda hoya che cAdara jevuM, mRtyu ThaMDu hoya che barapha jevuM, mRtyu hukamanuM pAnuM che, mRtyu zaMkaranA hAthanuM DamaruM che, | mRtyu bilADInA paga che, mRtyu kAlInI jIbhathI Tapake che lAla lAla." 111 "mRtyu'no eka ghaTanA tarIke svIkAra karatAM A kavine sArI rIte have phAvI gayuM che. kavi kahe che. "pahelIvAra smazAne gayo te pachI keTalIye rAta jepIne sUI nato zakayo paNa have to mane nanAmI bAMdhatA paNa AvaDI gaI che" 112 maranAra vyakti adhUrAM svapna sAthe laI jAya che. mAtra ApI jAya che potAnI AMkha. jo ke janAra vyaktine "cakSudAna' karyAno saMtoSa jarUra che. dAnamAM apAyelAM e cakSune saMbodhI kAvyanAyaka kahe che. "duniyA to tamArI sAme haze, enI e ja huM nahIM houM 113 pachI phUlone joI e cakSu ghelAM thAya, ke kamaLanA pAna para jhAkaLanuM biMdu pANInuM eka nirarthaka TIpuM lAge, emane zuM? dAnamAM ApelA e cakSune kavi pUche che P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

Page #401
arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 400 "ravivAranI phurasade koI copAniyAmAM vipIna parIkha' nAma vAMcatAM tamane kazuM paricita lAgaze ? mRtyunA bhayanI vAta kavi vipIna parIkha nikhAlasa rIte vyakta kare che. Ama to sahelI che mRtyunI vAto karavI virakta thaIne paNa rAtrinI stabdhatAmAM enA AgamananA - paDadhA ApaNA gharabhaNI AvatAM lAge te pachI paNa hasatA rahevuM thoDIka hiMmata mAgI le che" 14 * mAdhava rAmAnuja "koka kokavAra'mAM ('tame) sadUgata priyajananI yAdane vyakta karatAM mRtyunI apharatAno ullekha kare che. mRtyune vIMdhI zakAtuM nathI. mRtyunI sAme koI tega kAma AvI zakatI nathI. 196ramAM "maherAmaNa' saMgraha laIne AvatA kavi caMdrakAMta TopIvALAne mRtyuno totiMga paDachAyo hAlato dekhAya che. "adazya hAthamAM mRtyunA paDachAyAno kavie ullekha karyo che. 1964mAM "nirmiti' saMgraha laIne AvanAra zazizivam mRtyu pratyenI nirbhayatA tathA khumArI vyakta kare che. "jaMgamAM mRtyu sAthenA AkharI jaMganI, tathA "jaMga AkharI'mAM paNa mRtyu sAthenA AkharI yuddhanI apUrvatA vize kahevAyuM che. mRtyu para vijaya meLavI Akhare parAzakti bhaNI prayANa karavAnI kavinI zraddhA che. "mRtyunI anubhUti' ("rUparomAMca')mAM kavi zazizivame aMdhakArane mRtyunA paryAya tarIke varNavI janma, jIvana, mRtyunI sAMketika rIte vAta kare che. game teTaluM mathavA chatAM aMdhakArajavara tUTato nathI. sAMja DhaLe tyAre (jIvanasaMdhyA) aMdhakAranAM jANe pUra caDe, ne pachI badhuMja pArAvAramAM, anaMtamAM DubADe. 1989mAM zazizivama no kAvyasaMgraha 'zvAsano zvAsa' pragaTa thAya che. pratyeka janmadina mAnavamAM mRtyunI sabhAnatA paNa jagADe che. "60mA zrAvaNe'mAM pratyeka zrAvaNe potAnA ja mRtyumAM snAna karyAnI anubhUti A kavine paNa thAya che. - kavayitrI kamala vaidya mRtyune sanmitra gaNe che. 1966mAM teo "pratIti' kAvyasaMgraha pragaTa kare che. mRtyunI chAyA adazya rUpe emanI pAchaLa pAchaLa, cAlatI hovAnuM teo anubhave che. "prazAMtamUrti mRtyu najIkamAM ja hovAnI anubhUti jANe emane thAya che. mRtyunA mauna maMtranAM gAna jhIlavA teo utsuka che. A zyAma sanmitranA snigdha tejane jhIlavAnI emanI tIvra utkaMThA che. "dUra-antike' sakalathI ghaNe dUra sarI jaI akhilAI pAmyAno anubhava vyakta thayo che. samagra astitve jANe mRtyu para vijaya meLavI lIdho che. arthAta mRtyunA svarUpane samajavAnuM jJAna lAdhyuM che. "ujjavala zarvarI' pragaTa thAya P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

Page #402
arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 401 che. jemAM emanI aMdaranI sabharatAno paricaya ApaNane maLe che. Amoda' kAvyasaMgrahanA kavi zrIkAMta mAhulIkara motane bihAmaNuM nathI gaNatA, jIvana ane mRtyunI philasUphImAM kavine pelA parama graSTAnA sanAtana gItanuM pUraka, kuMbhaka ne recakanI lIlAnuM darzana thAya che. jIvananI preyasInA pyAramAM gaLAbUDa hovA chatAM teo mRtyuno anAdara nathI karatA. mRtyutarI pahelI milana rAtrimAM AyuSyanI aNatRptimAM huM tRpta chuM, mukta chuM" 15 1969mAM "svagata' kAvyasaMgraha prakAzita karanAra yosepha mekavAnane dUrathI dhIre dhIre cAlyA AvatA mRtyunA paDaghA saMbhaLAya che. jenuM sarasa cAkSuSarUpe temaNe zabdAMkti karyuM arava kuTire joto beTho phare ghaDiyALamAM karmaTha gatie, beu kAMTA ane layapUrNa tyAM Taka.... Taka....mahIM, mRtyu kerI kSaNo pagalAM bharI samayapathamAM cAlI Ave sudUra, suNI rahuM dhaka.... dhaka....thatA mAre haiye paDe paDaghAya te" 114 kavinuM mRtyu' kAvyamAM eka ramaNIya parivezamAM koI kavinA thatA mRtyuno prasaMga AlekhAyo che. AMgaNAmAM sonacaMpAnI jhUkelI DALa para bulabula potAno svara relAvatuM hoya, vAtAvaraNamAM prasaratA dhUpanI jema kavi e gAnamAM lIna thatAM thAya kavinuM mRtyu. "svica oNpha thatAM pratIkAtmaka kAvya che. bArImAMthI dhasI AvatA pelA aMdhakAra rIMchanA raktaDAhyA svarUpathI (mRtyuthI) zI rIte bacavuM e vimAsaNa che. kavi maheza dave 1969mAM bIjo sUrya' nAmano saMgraha pragaTa kare che. mRtyune kevaLa "ghaTanA" tarIke jonAra kavi, tathA AjanA mAnave paNa jIvana ane mRtyu baMnemAMthI zraddhA gumAvI dIdhI che. ne "huM'ne kendramAM rAkhI jIvato Ajano mAnava tethI ja A aDAbIDa jaMgalanA "kesarI' (mRtyu)nI trADathI phaphaDe che. kadAca emanAmAM ja e pazu trADatuM hoya toya zI khabara? mRtyunuM varcasva kabUlavA chatAM maheza dave "mRtyune "itimAnatA nathI. kyAreka teo mRtyune pariNAmazUnya vaMdhya prakriyA gaNAve che. ne chatAM mAnavanA samagra astitvane e ogALI nAkhe che. "mRtyukAvyamAM pratIkAtmaka rIte mRtyunI vAta kahevAI che. jIvananI ja nahi, mRtyunI paNa kSaNabhaMguratAno ullekha kavie ahIM karyo che. - 1979mAM khaMDeriyA aTakaLa' nAmano kAvyasaMgraha prakaTa kare che. mRtyunA jhagamagATanI P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

Page #403
- arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 402 vAta ahIM kavi kare che. mRtyu jANe jIvane samajAve che. maravuM e to jhAkaLa jevuM, ne jIvatara kAgaLa jevuM eka lakkaDakhoda ghasato cAMca sUnI sAMja para DALa cholAtI rahI ke huM....khabara paDatI nathI ....e ghaTanAne koI "mRtyu' kahI de ne kAyA "huM'thI alaga thatI jAya zvAsa hisAbo kADhyA kare roja deNuM cUkavavAnuM" 117 mINa jevA zvAsanA saMbaMdho aMte ogaLI jAya che. kAvyanAyakanA uMbara para eka jAsAciThThI paDI hovAnuM teo kahe che. maraNano bhAra saue satata upADIne jIvavAnuM che. hAthamAM AyurekhA tUTelI huM karuM chuM maraNa upADIne" 118 chellA zvAsa aDaga thaI aTakI jAya che. mRtyu samaye badhA killA jIrNa thaI jAya che. zvAsamAM pachI lIlAM parNa pharakatAM nathI. "have sAMja thaI, dUra jhAlara baje ne kSitije kSaNono UDe raMga geru" 119 zvAsa aMte paththaradhAra toDI zarIranI bahAra nIkaLI javAnA "sparza kahe che mATIno ke kyAM vAra have to ?" 120 1967mAM "ijana' laIne AvatA phakIra mahammada manasurIne mRtyunuM smaraNa vAyarAnI zILI lahara jevuM lAge che. kavi yazavaMta trivedI 1971mAM 'kSitijane vAMsavana" saMgraha pragaTa kare che. potAne "bhUrI jhAMyano parapoTo' kahetA kAvyanAyaka aneka pUrvajanmonAM sarakatAM IndradhanuSyanI lasaraNIno anubhava kare che. "bubuddanuM AyuM vaLI keTaluM ? kahI kavi jIvananI nazvaratAne varNave che. 1975mAM kavi yazavaMta trivedI "pariprazna" kAvyasaMgraha pragaTa kare che. kavi kahe che. "samudrane ane mRtyune' (pR. 36) anubhavAtAM hoya che. kAvyanAyakane jIvana ane mRtyu vaccenA eka abhyasta anuNupa chaMdano anubhava thAya che. paridevanA' Akho kAvyasaMgraha Ama to priyakAMta maNiyArane apAyelI zraddhAMjali che. priyakAMtanuM "jalAzaya' vAMcatAM temanI AMkha bhInI thaI jAya che. "navamA kAvya'mAM kavi mRtyunI vyAkhyA ApatAM kahe che "mRtyu eka zaMku-AkAra aMdhakAra che." priyakAMta A nakSatra para UtarI gayA haze evI kalpanA kavi kare che. ema kahevAya che ke "mRtyu pachI mANasa bhASA bhUlI jAya che" (eTale?) "rItA' kAvyamAM mRtyune yazavaMta trivedI vedanAnA * pUrNajJAna tarIke oLakhAve che. pravINa darajI "cIsa"nA navamA kAvyamAM paMcamahAbhUtono visAmo icchatA kAvyanAyakanI vAta kare che. "agiyAramA' kAvyamAM astitvanA haraNane mRtyunI hameza bhIti' hovAnuM kavi kahe che. "ogaNIsamA' kAvyamAM kAvyanAyaka potAne mRtyuno kepha caDhyo ("eTale?) hovAnuM kahe che. mRtyunA gUDhAtigUDha rahasyo ukelavAnuM kArya naciketaruM P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

Page #404
arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 403 upara choDI daIne mRtyune mAtra "gammata" mAnavAnuM emaNe zarU karyuM che. potAnA mRtyune kAvyanAyaka "kaMgALa' kahe che. aThThAvIsamuM kAvya mRtyune uddezIne lakhAyuM che. kavi "mRtyune nimaMtraNa Ape che. mRtyu ghaNI cUpakIthI AvatuM hoya che. ne potAnA zikArane palakamAM jhaDapI laI jatuM hoya che. cUpakIdIbharI AvanajAvana choDI ughADe choka khulle mane khumArIthI hareka kSaNe mRtyune AvavA kavi nimaMtre che. pravINa darajI "unsedha' nAmano kAvyasaMgraha pragaTa kare che. astitva AkhuM ghaMTInA paDa nIce bhUko banI jAya ke madhura Tahuko khATakInA charA dvArA khacca karatoka ne chedAI jAya. e sUcave che ke "mRtyu khATakI paNa che' pelA azmionAM polANonI baMzImAMthI mRtyunI sisoTIo vAgavI zarU thAya che. peluM mRtyu rAkSasI dariyAI pANInI jema bharaDo laIne chellA buMda sudhI cUsyA kare che ApaNane. Adhunika mAnava potAne jIvatuM jAgatuM zaba mAne che. potAnA zabane kAMdha upara laI ahIM tahIM pharatAM bevaDa vaLI gayAnI vAta satata mRtyu potAnI sAthe hovAno nirdeza kare che. priyakAnta maNiyArane aMjali ApatAM pravINa darajI "mRtyune maunanA mahAlaya" tarIke oLakhAve che. bhagavatIkumAra zarmA 1974mAM "saMbhava' nAmano kAvyasaMgraha pragaTa kare che. "maLAtuM nathI' kAvyamAM mRtyunI anivAryatAnuM varNana bhagavatIkumAre nAjukAIthI karyuM che. zvAsanuM kabUtara pALI zakAtuM nathI. mRtyu pAmavAnI prakriyAne kavi sUryanI saMge cAlI nIkaLavAnI kriyA gaNAve che. "lyo have Avyo che DhaLavAno samaya sUryasaMga cAlI nIkaLavAno samaya" 121 jIvI gayo' kAvyamAM jiMdagIne sApanI kAMcaLI sAthe sarakhAvAI che. potAnI kabara kyAMka bAjumAM hovA chatAM, tyAM sudhI pahoMcatA lAgI jatA thAkanI vAta, parokSa rIte mRtyujhaMkhanA sUcavI jAya che. to kyAMka zvAsa tUTI rahyAnI pratIti paNa kAvyanAyakane thAya che. lohIluhANa'mAM koIkanA chellA prayANanI vAta karAI che. koInAya astane kadI rokI zakAto nathI. gaganathI zyAma azvo UtarI rahyAnI anubhUti mRtyunA AgamananuM sUcaka che. mRtyudUtanA paDaghAnA DAbalAne kAvyanAyaka oLakhatA hovAnuM kahe che. (aneka janmamaraNa saMdarbha ?) 1987mAM 'chando che pAMdaDAM jenAM saMgraha bhagavatIkumAra pragaTa kare che. mULathI ja jIvavAnI jhuMbezamAM emano kAvyanAyaka nathI. tethI ja teo emanA bhaNakAtA mRtyunI ciMtA na karavA kahe che. pote potAne (khoLiyAne) choDIne jAya paNa smaraNonuM zuM? mRtyunA - Agamanane "jAsAciThThI' ghaNA kavioe kahyuM che. kAvyanAyaka zvAsano azva laI anAgatanA medAnamAM pahoMcavA nIkaLI paDe che. maraghaTa paranI bhIDano ullekha kSaNe kSaNe mRtyu pAmatA mAnavonuM sUcana kare che. "lAITsa oNphanA aMdhAragheryA daLakaTakanI vAta mRtyuno saMkta Ape che. ApaNo hakka mAtra kALA raMga (mRtyu) para hovAnuM kahevAyuM che. prabhumilana mATe zvAsanI dIvAla kUdavI paDe, arthAta mRtyu pachI ja e zakya bane. to alapajhalapa thato rAmaNadIvaDo paNa mRtyuno saMketa Ape che. aMdhArI rAtano traNa vakhata thayelo ullekha mRtyunI bhayAnakatA tarapha izAro kare che. "nIkaLI gayo'mAM P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 404 potAnA dehamAMthI bahAra nIkaLI gayelo mAnava mRtyunI sAthe zarata mArI, ene harAvI, mRtyu para jIvananA vijayanI chaDI pokAre che. mRtyunuM nAma pADyA vinA mRtyunI joradAra upasthitinuM varNana "tulasIparNa'mAM karavAmAM AvyuM che. to smaraNavalayanI kathA 'pitRkerTamAM kavi bhagavatIkumAre mRtyune "kAMTALuM kahyuM che. ahIM mRtyu nikaTanA svajanane laI gayuM che ne ? kavine tethI e "jaraThapazu' jevuM lAge che. 1980mAM sudhIra desAI "sUryane tarato mUkuM chuM' saMgraha laIne Ave che. kavioe mRtyunA vividha raMgonI kalpanA karI che. sudhIra desAI potAnA mRtyunuM lAla paMkhI lohImAM nahAI haju bahAra nahi AvyAnI vedanA vyakta kare che. kavie "bappora'nuM ApeluM citra mRtyusamayanI stabdhatAno anubhava karAve che. sakaMpa vRkSa mRtyunuM mahoruM banI UbheluM dekhAya che. ne kharI paDatI rajakaNo mRtyunA dAMta jevI. mRtyunA pIta aMdhakAranI paNa vAta karAI che. mRtyu "zvAnajIbha' paNa che. ne e pachI badhuM rikta ja rikta. kAvyanAyakanI bArI pAsethI maraNa pAmelAo zaraNAI vagADatA jANe pasAra thatA anubhavAya che. to bIjI bAju teo pharI janmavAnI anubhUti paNa kare che. bAlkanInA kUMDAmAM pote pharI janmI rahyAnI anubhUti punarjanmano saMketa Ape che. sAmenA DuMgara para Ubhelo izAro karato, mRtyuno niHzabda avAja saMbhaLAya che. karazanadAsa luhAre "nirakuze' 1974mAM "lIlo abhAva' nAmano saMgraha pragaTa karyo che. "mRtyu pAmatA paMkhInuM gIta)mAM paMkhI pote potAnI aMtima kSaNanI vAta karatuM hoya evI kalpanA karI che. mRtyupaLe rAkhamAMthI pharI janmAro pAme evA potAnA bhAgya nathI ema kahetuM A paMkhI haju jIvavA to mAge che. 1988mAM nirvANa' nAmano kAvyasaMgraha pragaTa karanAra kavi nItina mahetAne mRtyunI lIlI mahekano anubhava thAya che. teo kahe che "Aja mane zvAsamAM saMbhaLAya che lIlI maheka" 122 mRtyusamayanI sthitino kalpanAsabhara citAra mRtyuneya ramaNIya banAvI de che. kAvyanAyakane potAnA TeravAM para bAjhelI dhULamAM parI ane paMkhALo ghoDo phUTI nIkaLyAno anubhava thAya che. pote pataMgiyAnI jema jANe kyAMka UDyA na karatA hoya ? evuM lAge che. maphata ojhAnA kAvyasaMgraha "paDaghAnuM cakarAtuM AkAza'nuM prakAzana 1985mAM thAya che. sAMja paDatAM maraNa oDhatA mANasanI vAta "mANasa sAtamo koThomAM rajU thaI che. maphata ojhA kahe che "mANasa maraNa nAmanA rAkSasathI bIe che." 198384mAM gujarAta sAhitya akAdamInuM prathama pAritoSika meLavanAra "apaDAuna' saMgrahamAM maphata ojhAe "chelluM sTezana AvavAnI pratIkSA' kAvyamAM mRtyu jhaMkhanAno nirdeza karyo che. "apa'mAM potAnA zvAsane "chUTatAvaMToLa' samA gaNAvatA kAvyanAyaka tAtA haNahaNatA tokhArano (mRtyu) avAja sAMbhaLe che. sTezana (mRtyu) Ave, e pahelAM visalo para visalo vAge che. (mRtyunA AgamananA saMketo maLI jAya che) ane gADIo doDe che. (mRtyu samayanI maranAranI anubhUtinuM ahIM pratIkAtmaka varNana thayuM che) loko zeDamAM UbhuM UbhuM dhabakatuM lAla enjina mAnavanA hRdaya dhabakArano saMketa Ape che. ne pachI mANasa ghasaghasATa UMdhe P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 405 che. gADI UbhI rahe che tyAM eka nadI (vaitaraNI ?) vahe che. 1976mAM maphata ojhA "azubha' kAvyasaMgraha laIne Ave che. kurukSetranA aDhAra divasanA yuddhanI kathA sAMbhaLI kaMpI gayelA kAvyanAyakane mRtyuno bhaya lAge che, paNa kavi kahe che mahAmRtyune to kRSNa paNa kyAM khALI zakyA hatA' ? koI kyAreya mRtyunA sakaMjAmAMthI chUTI na zake, e vAstava aMte samajAya che. eTaluM ja nahi teo potAnA mRtyunI kALotarI pote ja lakhI sagAMone svamRtyu samAcAra paNa Ape che. mRtyuthI dUra rahevA mathanArAneya mRtyu choDatuM nathI. bhagavataprasAda cauhANa "sUrajamAM lohInI kUMpaLa' saMgraha pragaTa kare che. jiMdagIne rAjha kahetA A kavi mRtyune navo dhabakAra kahe che. sAmAnya rIte mRtyu mAnavano pIcho kare che, ema kahevAya che. ahIM kAvyanAyaka mRtyuno pIcho karavA tatpara che. mRtyu atizaya namaNuM hovAnI kalpanA A kavie karI che. motane "UMcuM zikhara' kahetA A kavi bIjI ja paLe mRtyune UMDI khINa' paNa kahI nAkhe che. kavinI dRSTie jiMdagI eTale ja vidAyano choDa. mRtyunI bArIethI (pR. 49) akhilAIne jovAnI kavinI icchA che. emanI zraddhA che ke mRtyu ja jIvananuM akhilAIbharyuM darzana karAvI zake. - 1979mAM "aMti' kAvyasaMgraha prakAzita karatA kavi lAlabhAI paTela "gheghUra avAja'mAM mRtyunI ciraMjIvatA ane jIvananI nazvaratAno ullekha kare che. mRtyunA zAsananI vAta karatA kavi kahe che "baMdha AMkhanI pAMpaNa para mRtyu kadI avAjanuM nAma lakhavA detuM nathI zarIranA badhA ja avayavo para mRtyunuM zAsana cAlatuM hovAnuM kavi mAne che. "alavidA' kAvyamAM lAlabhAIe mRtyunI vAta najAkatathI karI che. vyaktinuM mRtyu thatAM samayanA vAsaMtI choDa para mahekatuM, saMdarbhonI kaLIonuM hAsya saMbaMdhanA vistaratA raNamAM roLAI jAya che. 1978mAM avasAna pAmelA ziva paMDyAno "kAvyo' nAmano maraNottara saMgraha 1979mAM pragaTa thAya che. mRtyupaLe dhIredhIre himazRMgonI jema ogaLavAnI anubhUti thAya che. AyuSyanA madhyAhune thatI sUryAstanI bhrAMti jIvanavilayanI eMdhANI Ape che. UDe UtarI avAvaru aMdhAre jaIne aMdaranA zvAsa prathAse koIkane zodhatuM bAremAsa pravAsa karatuM, dUradUra UDatuM paMkhI mRtyunuM ja pratIka banI rahe che. je manuSyanA zvAsane lUlo banAvI de che. "mArA AchA mArA UMDA zvAsa ane prazvAsa mArA janama maraNano jhUlo pAMkho enI maMda paDe ne zvAsa banAve lUlo" 123 zyAma raMgano eka ja lasarako AkhA mAragane (jIvananA) bhUMsI nAkhe che. sAMjanI AratI TANe maMdiranA prAMgaNamAM zira namAvI patharAyelo abola paDachAyo aMdhakAra banIne kAvyanAyakanA UMDA ekAMtamAM Utare che. paDachAyAnI jema satata sAthe rahetA mRtyue ja kadAca "kyAM cho? prazna pUchayo. tema chatAM mRtyuno ene Dara nathI. emanA astitvanuM sUMThuM to mRtyunA ajavAsanI pratIkSA kare che. kavi kahe che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 406 deha to vAmaNo che, pIgaLe toya zuM? sarI jatA, A pagane khALyA karIzuM? ....kyAM sudhI A jIvane pALyA karIzuM ?" 14 jIvane lAMbA samaya sudhI pALI zakAto nathI. ne mRtyune AvatuM khALI zakAtuM nathI, ne chatAM kavinI zraddhA evI che ke, IzvaranA hastasparze mRtyunI rekha paNa bhUMsAI jAya. "Izvara che tyAM sudhI mRtyu nathI." - 1979mAM "nimiSa' nAmano kAvyasaMgraha prakaTa karanAra kavi pIyUSa paMDyA ("jayoti') mAne che ke mRtyuthI DaravA jevuM nathI. mRtyunuM sauMdarya mANasane mATe ananya AnaMda banI rahe che. kavi mRtyune "suMdaratama' kahe che. eTaluMja nahi teo to mRtyune sauMdaryanuM sarjana paNa kahe che. emanI daSTie maraNa to jIvananuM nAjuka paDakhuM che. jIvana e nAjuka paDakhuM phare che tyAre Akaro viyoga sarjAya che. "maraNa' svajanone zAzvata viyoganuM duHkha Ape che. he maraNa ! suMdara satya zivanuM sarjana" 125 - kavi meghanAda bhaTTa janma sAthe ja mRtyuno choDa ucharato hovAnI vAta kare che. "ema to meM jAte ja mArA mRtyunA choDane dUdha pAI ucheryo che, mArA mRtyunA choDamAM jIvananI je lIlerI kUMpaLo meM joI (emAM tamane mAro vAMka lAge to bhale). huM ene avasAnanI AgavI rIta samajuM chuM" raja potAnA mRtyu mATe javAbadAra mitro tarapha roSa pragaTa karavAne badale emaNe to e mRtyune jIvatadAna' mAnyuM che. 1987mAM meghanAda bhaTTa "malAjo' nAmano kAvyasaMgraha pragaTa kare che. mRtyunI kAvyamaya rIte vAta karatAM kavi meghanAda bhaTTa mRtyune sudhAdhavala sudhAkara sAthe sarakhAve che. grIkhanI garvIlI rAtrimAM suMdara samIranA surIlA pAvAnA sumadhura saMgItamAM saMtAkUkaDI ramatA sudhAdhavala sudhAkare (mRtyue) dehane snehAliMgana sirapAva ApyAnI vAta mRtyunI najAkatano paricaya Ape che. satIza DaNAka 1981mAM "ekAntavAsa' nAmano kAvyasaMgraha pragaTa kare che. svajanamRtyunI anubhUtimAMthI emanuM mRtyu darzana pragaTa thayuM che. mRta sArasI mRta patnInuM pratIka banIne Ave che. TakorA mArato AMdhaLo asavAra yamadUtanuM pratIka che. paMcakalyANI ghoDAno haNahaNATa paNa mRtyudUtanA AgamananI ja eMdhANI Ape che. vAsa nAkhavA UMco thato hAtha ane chAparA parathI UDI AvatA avAja, mRtyuno aMdhakAra tathA kALuM dhabba AkAza banI AMkhomAM purAI jAya che. ajita ThAkora 1981mAM "alupha saMgraha pragaTa kare che. "mRtyu-1'mAM ajita ThAkore mRtyunuM cAkSuSa rUpa vyakta karyuM che. "rAkhoDI kUtarI jevuM saune Theke....daDe, dakhaNAda, paMthaka vaLe" mRtyu Ave, pathArImAM ALoTe, ne pachI saune ThekatuM dakhaNAde paMthaka vaLI jAya. P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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2. * arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 407 koIkane laIneja to. madharAte eka DozI aDhIka vAgye hAthamAM jhAMkhuM phAnasa laI phaLImAMthI thAya che pasAra. "enA tharavIMthara vALa samAravA e je ghara sAme mUke phAnasa savAre, te gharamAMthI ochuM thAya eka "mANasa" sAMbhaLyuM che ene jhAMpo ThekatI jotAM gAma AkhAnAM kUtarAM raDI UThe che" 27 kAvyanAyaka jAgI UThe che. emanA palaMga taLethI UbharAto aMdhakAra kadAca eka jhAMkhA phAnasamAM palaTAI rahyo che. pAMpaNo pAchaLa.... tare che dU....2 eka jhAMkhuM jhAMkhuM phAnasa. kAvyanAyaka aMdarathI pAkA phaLanI jema phadaphadI gayA che. mRtyu-2'mAM maunanI TekarIo mRtyuno paryAya banIne Ave che. oraDAnI zUnyatA bhIMsAya che. "gharamAM' kAvyamAM mRtyunA Agamanane khALavAnA ThAlA prayAsanI vAta karAI che. bArIbAraNAM baMdha karavAthI mRtyune AvatuM rokI zakAtuM nathI. sau motathI saMtAtA phare che. paNa mRtyu to sarvatra che. bhIMtomAMya e UMDe UtarI jAmI jatuM hoya che. kavi yogezvarajI "tarpaNa' nAmanA kAvyamAM mAnA sUkSmarUpanI vAta karatAM kahe che, mAe tana tyajyA pachI, mRtyu bAda jANe aneka sUkSma nayanathI kavine joyA karyA che. zarIradhArI mAnI sImita vANI mRtyubAda niHsIma ane amRtarUpa banI rahe che. - jitendra vyAsa "bhammariyuM madha'mAM mRtyunA svarUpanI vAta "kALI te sAMDhaNI pe" kAvyamAM kare che. kALI sAMDhaNI' mRtyudevanA asavAranuM pratIka che. kAvyanAyakane motanI bIka nathI. patnInuM saubhAgya naMdavAya eno Dara che. patinAM saMbhAraNAnAM phUla dhagadhagatA DAmamAM pheravAI javAnA. jayendra zekhaDIvALA zvAsane anAdi chaLa ane mRtyune samajaNa kahe che. praNaya ane pralayamAM emane taphAvata lAgato nathI. baMnenuM pariNAma "vilayamAM AvatuM hovAnuM teo kahe che. hayAtIne satata khodayA kare che zvAsa levA mane khode satata evuM koI nitAMta baMDa Apo" 28 garbhastha'mAM aMdhArAjaLa vacce tabaDaka doDatA ghoDA, mRtyunA AgamananuM sUcaka che. "bhAI nAmanA kAvyamAM astitvanA taLAvanI heThaLa maraNano veza saMtAyo hovAnuM kavi kahe che. mRtyunI sArvatritAnI vAta karatAM zekhaDIvALA yamadevanA kALA pADA sarvatra caratA hovAnuM satya pragaTa kare che. mRtyunA sparza sAthe ja sAMjanA dhUmila kesUDAM kALA gulAbamAM palaTAI jAya che, ne pachI saMbhaLAya che mRtyugIta. * rAdhezyAma zarmA ("AMsu ane cAMdaraNuM) "zaba' nAmanA kAvyamAM zvAse zvAse mANasa UMDA ajANyA pANImAM Utarato jato hovAnI vAta kare che. "mRtyune kavi prakhara ghorakhodiyuM" kahe che. je potAnA pILA tIrNa nahorathI pelI kALI rezamI cAdarane ujharaDA utaraDI cIrI P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 408 to nAkhe che paNa ghoratI kabaro aNagamo vyakta karatI basa cUnAne kheravatI rahe che. "paDachAyo ane manuSyamAM mRtyune mAnavanI sAthe sAthe cAlatA paDachAyA sAthe sarakhAvyuM che. to "adhavaccemAM AyuSyanI adhavacce pahoMcelA kAvyanAyakanI mRtyubhIti sUcavAI che. 1983mAM "aMtaHsthA' nAmano kAvyasaMgraha pragaTa karatAM kavayitrI puSpA bhaTTa ema mAne che ke mRtyubhayane kAraNe jijIviSA parAsta thatI nathI. kavayitrI kahe che "A zvAsa ane niHzvAsanA vacagALAnI sthitimAM thoDIka kSaNo evIya che, jyAM saMbhaLAI jAya che. mRtyunI niHspada pagalIo" 129 emane lAge che ke eka jIvanuM pragalma mRtyu emanAmAM odhAna pAme che. (mRtyu janma le che, mAnavanA ja zarIranI aMdara) kAvyanAyikA potAnAmAM rahelA A bhayanA iMDAne (mRtyune) satata sevyA kare che. orathI garbha vIMTaLAya ema kAvyanAyikA mRtyuthI vIMTaLAI vaLe che. tanmaya' kAvyasaMgrahanA kavi rAmaprasAda dave mRtyu paratvenI potAnI bephikarAI vyakta kare che. rAmaprasAda dave "mRtyune uddezI lakhe che "cAla AvuM chuM mRtyu' kahI cAlI nIkaLavA teo taiyAra che. jIvana asamagatuM na hatuM, ne mRtyu paNa apriya nathI. potAne jIvanamAM maLelA sArA mANasonI vAta teo mRtyune rastAmAM kahevAnA. jIvananA AnaMda viSAdanI vAto karatAM mRtyuno rasto khUTI jaze. teo mRtyune koI siphArasa karavA nathI mAgatA. tema chatAM mRtyune kaTANuM moM karIne na cAlavA vinave che. mRtyune teo hasavA mATe vinaMti kare che. mRtyuneya hasAvato A kAvyanAyaka mRtyu sAthe harakhabhera cAlI nIkaLavA utsuka che. 1988mAM maNilAla ha. paTela "sAtamI Rtu saMgraha prakAzita kare che. mRtyune teo rakta khUMdato "kALo ghoDo' kahe che. ("rUpa AMdhaLI rAta') cAre bAju mRtyunA aMdhArA cakarAtA hovAnuM teo kahe che. kALA kotara, DAghuonAM ToLAM, ne preta tathA ThAThaDI ne gIdha paNa bIkano anubhava kare evo to sopo mRtyue pADyo hovAnuM kavi kahe che. aniruddha brahmabhaTTano maraNottara kAvyasaMgraha "kimapi' 1983mAM pragaTa thAya che. mRtyune DhaMDhoLIne tenI sAthe pharavA javAnIye temanI to taiyArI che. (pR. 19) teo aMdhAruM jAmeluM joI besI paDatA nathI. teo to jue che ekAda tAro khIlelo, jAmelA aMdhakAramAM ane nakkI kare che kadama upADavAnuM... ane temaNe kadama upADayAya kharA. teo cAlI nIkaLyA potAnI chAyA utaraDIne" 130 zveta azvo mRtyunuM dyotaka banI rahe che. emanI zirAomAM asaMkhya zveta azvo kharI pachADatA haNahaNatA raNe caDyAno anubhava emane thAya che. mRtyunI pele pAranA dazyanI kalpanAmAM zraddhAno raNako che. hiloLA letAM jaLa dekhAya paNa kharA. mRtyue emane nahi, emaNe mRtyune DhaMDhoLI sAthe pharavA nIkaLavAnuM kahyuM ne cAlI paNa nIkaLyA. kavi mRtyune ekAda gIta gAvA kahe che. je sAMbhaLIne pelA paMkhIgItone pAchuM AvavAnuM mana thAya ne emanA Agamanano padarava sAMbhaLIne teo mRtyunA khoLAmAM mAthuM mUkI ciranidrAmAM poDhI jAya. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 409 1987mAM "tuNDila tuNDikA' nAmanI padyavArtA vinoda jozI pragaTa kare che. A vArtAno nAyaka "navya kavi che. je AtmA kAtmA nahi, dehanI ja sarvoparItAne svIkAre che. ahIM vinoda jozI dUra DaNakatA motanA DAghunI vAta kare che. AyuSya kevaLa bhakSya, ne mota parama lakSya kahevAyuM che ahIM. dehamahimnastotramAM dehano mahimA aMkAyo che. dehano aMta dehamAM ja hovAnI vAta kavie karI che. kavayitrI dakSA desAI potAnI kabara pahelethI banAvI rAkhI hovAnuM kahe che. TADha na vAya, ne sUvAmAM saraLatA rahe e mATe olaprUpha vedharanuM lAkaDuM emAM jaDAvyuM che. (ahIM kevaLa vAhiyAta taraMgalIlA ja che) yamarAjane lAla kareNano pAza pheMkavA kavayitrI vinaMtI kare che. mANasa mRtyu pAme, pachI jagata to enuM e, jema cAlatuM hatuM emaja cAlavAnuM. kudarata paNa nizcita kramamAM ja kArya karavAnI, kavayitrI kahe che teo AthamI jaze, tyAre sUrya Ugaze. ('huM nahi houM) phUlo Ugaze, paNa pote pha....2....2 kyAMya UDI jaze. pelepAramAM maranAra vyaktine keseTanA avAjanA Aroha avaroha svajanane mRtyu pachI sahakAra ApI zakavAnA nathI, e vAstava rajU thayuM che. kAle emanAthI na jagAya topaNa savAra to evI ja khuzanumA hovAnI. nagna vAstavano svIkAra khUba ja svasthatAthI kavayitrI kare che. "mArAM vastro, mArI yAdo, jUnI kavitAnI DAyarIo pastImAM apAI jaze" 15 1990mAM dakSA desAI nirjaLA nadI' laIne Ave che. davAo sAtheno rojabarojano saMbaMdha emane thakavI nAkhe che. ne mRtyunA oLA bIvaDAve che. jIvananI kSaNabhaMguratAnI vAta sAva sIdhIsAdI rIte temaNe vyakta karI che. zarIrano bharoso nathI A janmamAM pAchuM maLAya na maLAya" 13 sorabITreTanI khIMTI pakaDI, e vaDe yamaneya pAchA dhakelavAnI tAkAta potAnAmAM hovAnuM teo kahe che. haMsalAno navo saMdarbha racatAM A kavayitrI, potAnA haMsalAne bAjapakSIonAM ToLAM vacce aTavAyelo anubhave che. janmAntaronI avadhi khUba TAMcI kyAM kyAM zodhuM tane ? o' pAra laI jA haMsalA" 133 mRtyune najIka AvatuM joI rahelI kAvyanAyikAne lAge che ke e kArDayogrAma emane jarUra svajanothI alaga karaze, to kyAreka paMkhIomAM madhura Tahuko banI jIvI javAnI zraddhA paNa jAge che. "mANasa eTale parapoTo e vAta dakSA desAI sArI peThe samaje che. ('kSaNapachIthI') dUranAM teDAM AvyAnI ne AMgaNe thanaganatI sAMDhaNI UbhI rahI hovAnuM anubhavAya che. kavayitrI kahe che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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sabhara arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 410 "zvAsonI pele pAra koI dhUMdhaLuM dhUMdhaLuM mArI vATa jue che. te mRtyu to nahIM hoya ?" 135 dakSA desAIne have kamaLano "ka nahi paraMtu kensarano "ka" dekhAya che. " "ka" eTale samagra akSara, jIvanathI mRtyu sudhIno arthasabhara aDIkhama akSara" 13 mRtyugIta-1'mAM kharatA AyuSyanI vAta lokagItanA DhALamAM karI che. astitvanA thaDane lUNo lAgyo che. ne lIlAM pAna paNa kharI gayAM che. kAvyanAyikAne mRtyuno Dara nathI. emane satkAravA teo taiyAra che. mRtyune pele pAra to sAja sajIne javAnuM che. mRtyugIta-2'mAM mRtyuno sarasa paricaya teo Ape che. "mRtyune ApaNAM nAma-saranAmAnI khabara che. jyArathI ApaNe UgyA tyArathI mRtyu uMbare sAthiyA pUrI gayuM dhIme pagale divAnakhAnAmAM AvI tArikhiyAnI tArIkhone phADavA lAgyuM" 130 jaLanI AMkhe' (1985)nA kavi yajJeza dave kahe che. "ne mRtyuno haNahaNato ghoDo mArapachADa savAra thaI jAya che A aMgArane vIMdhato" 138 yajJeza dave mRtyunAya kAyAkalpanI vAta laIne Ave che. "ne zvAse zvAse thato jAya che ApaNA Ikalpa' 139 yajJeza daveno kAvyanAyaka kahe che. mArA zvAsamAM beTheluM mRtyu zodhe che mane, ne huM zodhuM chuM mRtyu" 140 mAnava tathA mRtyunI paraspara saMtAkUkaDI sadA cAlatI ja rahe che. "samudramAM pratIkAtmaka mRtyusaMdarbha vaNAyo che. retInA DhuvAnI pele pAra cAlyA jatA chellA yugalanI vAta mRtyuno saMta ApI jAya che. "khaMDita AkAzanAM kavayitrI prIti senaguptA avirata jharatA baraphanuM varNana karatI vakhate "kALotarI'no vicAra kare che. AkhAya jagatane dharabI detI mahAjALa jevo e barapha kavayitrIne mahAkALe adazya akSare lakhelI "kALotarI' jevo lAge che. dinakara zAhano kAvyanAyaka ("ajanavI vastImAM) haju gaIkAla sudhI mRtyuthI P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 411 jarAya Darato na hato. paNa AMkha sAme chavAtuM dhummasa ne nadInA paTamAM raDatAM kUtarAMno avAja emane bhayabhIta kare che. mRtyu pAmanAranI khullI AMkhonA sthira kAMTA para samaya thIjI jaze. motanI ghATI parathI mAMDa bacIne Avelo kAvyanAyaka ("motanI ghATI parathI') pAcho divasa to motanA iMtajAramAM ja gujAre che. potAnA mRtyunI vAta teo sAMketika rIte kare che. "kAla' savAre, jayAre rAtabharanA tophAnI samudra zAMta thaze' ..nirjana ghATI para. "sapanAMone tUTatAM joyAM che." mAM mRtyumAM nirAMta zodhatA maraNotsuka mAnavonI vAta - karAI che. 1988mAM "sparza' nAmano kAvyasaMgraha dinakara zAha pragaTa kare che. emanI kavitAomAM Athamato sUrya mRtyunuM pratIka banIne Ave che. zvAsonI keDIe rahI vidAyagIta lakhavAnuM ('vidAyagIta', kahetA kAvyanAyaka kahe che "cAlyAM na be kadama, ne smazAne TharI gayAM' "asthamAnA dardIne joIne'mAM mRtyupaLanI pratIkSA karatA dardInI vAta che. mRtyu paNa jANe sukhada kaNa paLanI rAha joI rahyuM che. duHkhI thatA jIvane pIDAmAMthI mukta kare e paLa sukhada, svajanone priyajananA mRtyuthI duHkha thAya te karuNa. "yAda che'mAM zerImAM raDatA kUtarAnA avAja dvArA amaMgalanI eMdhANInuM sUcana thayuM che. kAvyanAyaka roja savAre UgatA sUryanI AMkhamAM jue che mRtyunuM vAvetara. ("mRtyunuM vAvetara!) janma sAtheja thatA mRtyunA janmano nirdeza ahIM thayo che. 1986mAM "jIbha uparano dhvaja' laIne praphulla paMDyA Ave che. mRtyunI ghaTanAnI, punarAvRtti kadI thatI nathI. mRtyu pAmanAra potAnA anubhavane kahevA kadI rokAto nathI, ke nathI e pAcho Avato. ne tethI ja svajana jatAM azrudhAra vahevA mAMDe che. bAkI zuM? mAM mRtyu samayanI maranAranI sthitinuM varNana kavie karyuM che. deha nAmanuM jhADavuM kharavA lAge che ne jIbha nAmanuM pAna jIvasaTosaTa varasatAM koIka upADIne aMdaranA eka taLiye jANe laI jAya che. cetanavaMtI kAyAnI AMkhe aMdhApo utare che. astitva, aTakI baTakI gayAnI anubhUti thAya che. kaviyaza khevanA na rAkhanAra suzIlA pAThakanAM kAvyo 1986mAM mana mAruM paMkhInuM nAme emanAM svajano pragaTa kare che. "mRtyu' nAmanA kAvyamAM jiMdagI ane mRtyunA naikaTayane varNavatAM teo jaNAve che "nita nita maLavuM bee, lAgato eja mobho! teo kahe che jiMdagIne roja A mRtyu maLavA Ave che. ne chatAM saune e AMkhanA kaNAnI jema khUMce che. 1987 mAM "ekAvana' pragaTa karanAra udayana Thakakara "maratA AdamInI gajhala' dvArA mRtyunI najAkata ApaNI samakSa mUkI Ape che. mRtyune jAsAciThThI kahetA A kavi tejAbI pavanamAM jhUlatA zveta kezanI dhArane mRtyunI tIkSNatAnI dhAra kahe che. kAvyanAyakanI muThThIno sAva nAnakaDo bhAga mRtyune joIe che. jIvataranA gAmane cheDe mRtyu, mAnavanI pratIkSA kare che. mAnavanuM darzanAbhilASI mRtyu bedhaDaka jAsAciThThImAM potAnI sahI kare che. ghanazyAma gaDhavI "AMkha AMsu ne zvAsa" nAmano kAvyasaMgraha 1987 mAM pragaTa kare che. zvAsa vagaranI oraDImAM purAI javAnI vAta kadAca mRtyunI eMdhANI. kavi sthaLa kALa, aNuaNumAM vyApta evA motanI sarvavyApakatA varNave che. chatAM mRtyunA mRtyunI vAta paNa sAthe karI nAkhe che. motanuM astitva varSo pahelAM ne Aje paNa aDIkhama che. e game tyAre ne game te rIte Ave ja Ave. kayAreka ajavALAM chedIne Ave, to kAyareka aMdhakArane P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 412 kacaDIne. savAre Ave, sAMje Ave. paNa eka vAta che motathI na DaranAra ene bhAgI javAnuM kahe to e bhAgI jAya. "mota motane paNa Ave' kahI mRtyu marI gayuM" nI vAta jarA judI rIte teo kahe che. caitanyabrena ja. diveTiyA 1987 mAM "puSpAMjali" nAmano kAvyasaMgraha pragaTa kare che. pitAnI prathama puNyatithie kavayitrIe racelI A kAvyaracanA che. "sata-cita-AnaMda mAM teo mRtyune uddezI kahe che. mRtyu nathI bhiSaNa rUpa tAruM bhItara chupAI karaNA cAra."141 mRtyuM mAtra dehanuM ja thAya che ema mAnatAM A kavayitrI mRtyu ne prabhu tAre javAnI maMgalakArI prakAzabArI tarIke oLakhAve che. to bIjI bAju "mAgavA jevuM to eka mRtyu ja che. evuMya teo mAne che. mRtyune teo Izvara milananI kSaNa kahe che. kavi naTavaralAla mRtyune IzvaranA dUta tarIke oLakhAve che. ne mRtyudevanuM svAgata karavA utsuka che. mRtyudeva emane mATe agninuM vAhana, vAyunI gaMta ane AkAzanI pagathI banAvIne lAvyA hoya evI anubhUti emane thAya che. 1988 mAM "manogatA' laIne AvatA kavi jayAnaMda dave mRtyunI paravA karatA nathI, ke mRtyunA zAsanano paNa svIkAra nathI karatA. "mRtyuMjaya maMtramaMgala' mAM muMbaInA madhyabiMdu samA sonApura smazAnano mahimA kavie gAyo che. jo ke kavi jiMdagI paranA motanA sAmrAjayanI philasUphI nathI svIkAratA. jIvanasaMgItanA A sAdhaka mRtyunA vijaya' no vicAra mAnya karatA nathI. "tame rahyA rAta-di cheDI jene te mRtyu kerA jya-gAna sUranuM saMdhdha mArI svara-sRSTi mAhIM kazuMya nA sthAna kadIya zakaya "42 smazAnanA sthAI vasavATanI kazI noMdha ke paravA karyA vinA jIvana to satata moryA karatuM hovAnI zradhdhA dharAvatA A kavi, mAnavajiMdagIne maLelA mahAmRtyuMjaya maMtranuM gaurava kare che. "mane jIvana pyAruM mAM paNa jIvanano mahimA gavAyo che. jIvanane Izvarano anero upahAra mAnatA kavi mRtyunA gherA niraMkuza paDachAyAnI niraMkuza lIlAthI gabharAtA nathI. akaLa sRSTinA zatru evA mRtyune jayAnaMda dave paDakAre che. teo mRtyune garva na karavA kahe che. mRtyunuM aNu jeTaluM paNa mahattva teo svIkAratA nathI. jo ke 1979 nI morabInI honAratathI kavi prUjI UThayA hatA. e samaye AsuM, udgAra, ne mRtyu vezabhUSA banyAM hatAM ("re mayUrI morabI) 1988 mAM Indu gosvAmI "jema tema' saMgraha pragaTa kare che. parathama paheluM mAM pratIkAtmaka rIte mRtyunI vAta kavie karI che. kavi kahe che "mRtyu bAMya caDAvI bolavA yatna kare, paNa ene enI nathI koI bhASA, ke nathI koI bhUmi. (layanI mAno meLo mUThI UMcerA maraNa para Ama to A kavi mustAka che, ne chatAM mAnavanA jIvanI AMkhane satata tAkyA karatI mRtyarUpI bilADIne teo oLakhe che. ('cokaDI cokaDI cokaDI') kavi P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. - La) Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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avAja" arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 0413 kahe che badhA ja corapagale jIve che, vhelI savAranuM kamaLapatra jotajotAmAM kAgaLano DUco thaI jAya che. mRtyu jenI pAse Ave ene ekale hAthe ja eno Agamanano sannATo samajI levAno hoya che. hindIbhASI gujarAtI kavi dvArakeza vyAsa 1988 mAM lITI laga laMbAyA' nAmano kAvyasaMgraha pragaTa kare che. "pAMca pANInA dezanA' kAvyamAM kavi kahe che mAyAvI kRSNaneya maravuM na hatuM, paNa maravuM paDayuM. mAnava avatAra lIdhelAe to maravuM ja rahyuM, pachI bhale ne e bhagavAna hoya e vAta zarIradhArInI mRtyuzIlatAnI anivAryatA pratye ApaNuM dhyAna dore che. "trepana me pAne" mAM bAvana varSomAM saMsAramAM jIvanamAM ramavA jamavAnI ne paradezamAM jaI UMdhI javAnI vAta kahI jIvanarasano mahimA gAya che. ne tethI ja to mRtyunI paNa paravA teo karatA nathI. te chatAM mRtyune koIka jANe sajjaDa sAtha detuM hoya ema lAge che. mRtyunI paravA nahi karanArA A kavi jIvananI kSaNabhaMguratA vize paNa sabhAna che. zvAsanI bharatI ane oTa para mAnava satata raheto hovAnI vAta, jIvananI ane zvAsanI kSaNabhaMguratAno ja saMdeza Ape che. 1989 mAM devakumAra pinAkina trivedI "ovAraNAM' laIne Ave che. AMkha mIMcAyA pachI' kAvyamAM mRtyu pachInI sthitinuM kalpanAcitra devakumAre AlekhyuM che. lIlA vAMsaDA para sUtaLI bAMdhI zveta cAdaranA saDhane sAMdhI tejano eka tarApo jhUlato jhUlato cAlyo jAya che. (jIva) saMbaMdhanA sau baMdha khUlI jAya che. parama jyotimAM samAi javA halakI thApe vilayanA jApa japato e tarApo zAzvatI AnaMda sAthe cAlyo jAya che. vAMsaDA kerI gAMTha tUTatAM muktivAhana tarApAnA baMdhana to chUTatAM jAya. kavi rAju pArekha jijIviSA vize pAMca vicAro rajU kare che. mAnava game teTalI vedanA jIvanamAM anubhave paNa ene maravuM to nathI ja. mRtyu pratyenI aprItinuM kAvya eTale ja jijIviSAnuM kAvya. jIvananI jijIviSA ane maraNa eka sAthe paraspara saMkaLAyelA che. to bIjI bAju kavi mRtyuno asvIkAra karatI jijIviSAnI paNa vAta kare che. AgiyA' nAmanA hAIku saMgrahamAM Do. dhIru parIkha mRtyu navajanma sAthe saMkaLAyeluM hovAnI vAta kare che. jIrNa durganI Toca upara tAjuM lahere ghAsa"43 ahIM jIrNatAnI pAse navI laherAtI kUMpaLa navajanmano saMketa Ape che. to kayAMka avirata cAlatA kudaratanA kramano paNa nirdeza thayo che. rajamAM ALoTatAM pAkAM pAna, tathA DALa para jhUlatAM kAcAM pAna paNa parokSa rIte janma jIvana mRtyunA kudaratI kramano saMketa Ape che. svajanamRtyu vedanA acUka Ape che. paNa vedanAne pakaDIne besI rahI zakAtuM nathI. UDayuM paMkhI tyAM, heja khakhaDI pAna zAMta thai gayAM "mAM svajananA mRtyune svIkAryA vinA koI Aro na hovAnA vAstavano nirdeza thayo che. kAraNa janArane koI rokI zakatuM nathI, ke na to enI pAchaLa javAya che. P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 414 adhatanayuga-mRtyuciMtanaH adyatana gujarAtI kavioe mahadaMze mRtyune eka skULa ghaTanA tarIke svIkAryuM che. tema chatAM keTalAka kavioe "ciMtana' nuM nAma ApyA vinA mRtyu vize bhale judI rIta paNa vicAra to karyo ja che. je eka arthamAM "mRtyaciMtana' ja che. kavi sureza jozInuM mRtyaciMtana navoja sadarbha laIne Ave che. emAM mRtyune "mokSa' mAnavAmAM nathI AvyuM. mRtyu kadAca eka "ghaTanA' tarIke ja jovAyuM che. tema chatAM jayAM navajanmano, anya janmano saMdarbha che tyAM hovuM AkAza vyApe, navuM paMkhI Tahuke, e mATe sAva rita thavAnuM che. navuM khoLiyuM, navuM kalevara, navI vasaMta, navA zabdo, navo janma. kAvyanAyakane have apekSA che. nATakanA aMtanI, mRtyunI, chuTakArAnI, kayAreka to kadI na avataravAnuM e yAce che. ne chatAM e sthitine e mukti nuM nAma nathI Apato. ene to jIvana ane mRtyu baMne niHsAratAno anubhava Ape che. ene mana jIvana ke mRtyu kazuM ja maMgala nathI. janmavAno AnaMda nathI, ne maraNanuM sukha paNa nathI. maraNa e sthULa ghaTanA ja mAtra che. Aje mRtyunI vibhAvanA, vyAkhyA, khyAla, badhuM badalAyuM che. A badhuM chatAM sureza jozI koIkanA janmanI laharInA sparze jhUmI UThe che. ('laharI') jIvanabALa kadAca eTale prabaLa prabhAvaka che ke mRtyunA iMDAne phoDIne e bahAra nIkaLe che. mRtyune mahAta karI jIvana potAnA svatvane prabhAvaka rIte pragaTa kare che. ghaDiyALanA DAyale ghumarAtAM kavayitrI suzIlA jhaverIne mRtyunI vyAkhyA kadI nathI samajAI. ne chatAM badhuM choDI mULa mukAma bhaNI javAnI vAstavikatAno to kavayitrI svIkAra kare che. ("UThAvI javuM mukAma'- "kairavavana') zekasapiyaranI jema mAnavamAtrane 'bajANiya' kahetA kavayitrI suzIlA jhaverI kahe che chelluM pAtra game tevuM bhajavAya huriyo nahi bole. suzIlA jhaverIne "yamano khela' samajAto nathI. yama koInI jiMdagIne kayAreya vadhu samaya sama para rahevA deto nathI. janma ane mRtyunI vyAkhyA samajavA kavayitrI utsuka che. mRtyu bhale bhujAo bhIDI bheTI rahyuM hoya. paNa jIvananI mazAla to prajavalita ja rahevAnI, evI zradhdhA makaraMda davenI che. teo amAMgalyanI vaccovacca paNa mAMgalyanuM gANuM gAya che. je emanI mAMgalyazradhdhAnuM pratIka che. teo mAne che ke jyAM jJAna hoya tyAM. mRtyunuM astitva ja nathI rahetuM. maraNa to mAtra zarIra ja pAme che. jIvana avirata vahe che. "mahAmilana' mAM kavi zarumAM maraNane "kALI paLo' tarIke varNave che. paNa pachI tarata cittanuM samAdhAna meLavI mRtyune mahAmilananI, ne amaramukitanI havA tarIke oLakhAve che. ne chelle to "maraNa' ne "masta' paNa kahe che. samudranI Urmio jevuM "masta' paNa kahe che. je potAnuM mRtyu jAte anubhavI zake ene mRtyuno bhaya paNa na ja hoya. mAnavanI pIDAthI halI UThelA kavi jagadIza jozI strIonAM jananadvArone ja baMdha karI devA kahe che. jIvanA janmavAnuM baMdha thaI jAya to, pachI mRtyu paNa na hoya, ne to ja nenajhArIo jharatI aTake. (hindu paraMparAmAM karAyelI "mokSanI ja vAta ahIM karuNa Akroza rUpe vyakata thaI che) jagadIza jozI AyuSyane kSaNonA bAMdhI ApelA sAliyANA tarIke oLakhAve che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 415 kavi lAbhazaMkara ThAkarane duHkha dardasabhara hovA chatAM jiMdagI jIvavA jevI lAge che. mane chedo tapAvo ghaso ke TIpo, paNa huM ahIM ja Ubho rahIza' mAM gItAnuM smaraNa thAya che. "mane khabara che ke, jIvananATakano eka divasa paDado paDavAno che ane chatAM, nIla nirabhra AkAzamAM . rajanIne nihALavA tArA jema AvatA hatA tema AvyA karaze"144 "jUThuM che. mAruM mota' kahetA lAbhazaMkara AtmAnI amaratAmAM mAnatA nathI. badhI vAtano Akhare aMta Ave che. mANasanA ToTala oDiyo vijhayUlano aMta Ave che chevaTe to. tarataja kavi ema paNa kahe che ke, mAnavanA jIvanataMtano ema kAMI aMta Avato nathI. pUratuM maratAM nathI AvaDatuM mAnavIne '145 jo ke caitanya-samudranI anaMtatAmAM kavine zradhdhA che. samayane kavi Adi, madhya ane aMtarahita gaNave che. yaMtravat jiMdagI hovA chatAM mAnavane maravuM to nathI ja. sphoTa sAthe badhuM zAMta thaI jAya che. jIva prayANa karI jAya che. ghaTa (zarIra) nahIM hoya tyAre ghaTasphoTa thaze. rahasya samajAze jIvana ane mRtyunuM. kavi lAbhazaMkara jIvanane eka Azcarya tarIke oLakhAve che. jagata choDI javuM paDaze kyAM? khabara nathI. raghuvIra caudharI, mAnava maryaloke eka vivaza atithi hovAnuM kahe che. ene satata pelA maraNane joyA karavAnuM che vivaza banIne. ('tamasA') mRtyunI sArvatriktAnI vAta karatAM radhuvIra ("tamasA'"mRtyu) kahe che. nagaramAM kayAMya pAnakharanI nizAnI na hovA chatAM paLepaLa dhUNImAM peluM mRtyu che. tyAM ja enuM jora cAle che. kavi harikRSNa pAThaka ema mAne che ke keTalIya baLatI ceha mAnavane potAnA mRtyu viSe vicAratA karI mUke che. jiMdagI satata sAtharA para sUtelI hovAnuM teo kahe che. jIvana ane mRtyu, baMnemAM manuSya ekalo hovAnI kavinI mAnyatA che. - rAvajI paTele maranAra mATe badhAya divasonA sUraja ekasAmaTA AthamatA hovAnI vAta "mArI AMkha mAM karI che. mRtyu pachI maranAra mATe to A duniyA DUbI javAnI, e satyane ahIM pragaTa karavAmAM AvyuM che. Indriyo javA ja beThI hoya tyAre Indriyavyatyaya kevaLa Akasmika nathI rahetA. suvAsa saMbhaLAya che. jhAMjhara jhamakIne avAja dvArA jhAle che. bharyA samaMdara' mAM rAvajIe Adhunika mAnavanI jIvana pratyenI nIrasatAne vAcA ApI che. "hajI keTaluM jIvavAnuM che ? "saMbaMdha" nAmanA kAvyamAM rAvajI kahe che "darekanI muThImAM paDyo gaMdhAya anAgata darekanI muThImAM ukale amarata jUnI vAva darekanI muThImAM saLage masANa jUnAM "18 kavi rameza pArekha mAnavanA TUMkA AyuSyanuM pratIkAtmaka varNana "tUTelA pAMdaDAnuM gIta" mAM kare che. jUnAM pAna tUTe khare, navI kUMpaLa laherAya.eka vyakti vidAya le, bIjAnuM Agamana thAya. ema jIvanadhArA to satata vahyA kare. ("kayAM?) zarIrane jagatanA takhtA paranA AgaMtuka tarIke oLakhAve che. mRtyune kavi jAhera ghaTanA kahe che. mRtyu pAmyAnI P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 416 vAta ahIM pharIthI kare che. mANasa mRtyu pAme tyAM sudhI potAthI ke bIjAthI oLakhAto nathI. mAnava mRtyu pAme che, tyAre ja enI sAcI oLakha saune thAya che. "chaghanAme rahe saunuM mRtyu saunI najIkamAM zvAsanI Avana jAvanane "jherIlI phAMsa' tarIke teo oLakhAve che. zaherane kavi kRttAMtanI muThThI' kahe che. jemAM sau bhayabadhdha hoya che. maraNa saunAM dvAra khakhaDAve che ne potAnuM Agamana saune mATe khuzAlI nIkaLaze kadAca, evI e khAtarI Ape che. maraNano mUdu hAtha jhAlIne A bhIDamAMthI (saMsAra) nIkaLavAnI kavi vAta kare che. "icchA' mAM janmamRtyucakrane vAcA ApavAmAM AvI che. "Ava Ava, tAjo nakakora jIva hera' mAM 'vAsAMsi jIrNani' no dhvani saMbhaLAya che. harIndra dave, emanI mulAkAta mRtyu sAthe pahelA thaI hovAnuM kahe che. jIvana to pachI AvyuM, e pahelAM mRtyu ja hatuM. ne jIvanAMte paNa mRtyu; kavi kayAreka Atmakhoja kare che. "mRtyu e nidrA che e samajuM to kadAca sUI zakuM "147(64mauna) paNa e nahi samajI zakavAnuM kAraNa ajJAna che. ajaMpo che. bhIti che. to bIjI bAju jyAM samajaNa ane jJAna che tyAM mRtyune niHsaMgapaNe jovAnI svasthatA paNa che. "to' no kAvyanAyaka saMpUrNa sAkSIbhAve potAnA asaMkhya mRtadehone nihALe che. mRtyunuM rahasya jeNe pacAvyuM hoya e ja AvI niHsaMgatAno anubhava karI zake. maraNa, jiMdagInI hadane evI rIte bAMdhe che ke, pachI jiMdagInI koi visAta rahetI nathI. A kolAhalanA pArAvAramAM mAnavane mRtyuno avAja saMbhaLAto nathI e vAta "mRtyuno avAja mAM vyakata thaI che. (sUryopaniSada) paNa zAMtacitte koi vicAra kare to potanA ja sTayadhabakAra sAthe mRtyuno avAja paNa satata ekadhAro saMbhaLAto hoya che. A mota mAnavanI sAthe satata che chatAM nathI. eno aNasAra vicAra rUpe satata enI sAthe ja rahe che. mRtyu e pUrNavirAma nathI evI kavinI paraMparAgata ke pratItigata mAnyatA che tethI to teo kahe che. zvAsanI lIlA sameTAya. to mRtyu na kaho "Avajo' kahIne koI jAya to mRtyu na kaho draSTi che AMkhathI chalakAya to mRtyu na kaho ...koI mahephilathI UThI jAya to mRtyu na kaho "147-ka(@AtI'28). aMtimayAtrA jIve sAthIsaMgI vinA ekalA ja karavAnI. IhalokanI yAtrA samApta thatAM zvAsano kAphalo badhuM saMkelI ravAnA thaI jatA ekalarAmanI vAta "e musAphara haze ekalo' mAM vyakta thaI che. mRtyu pAmyAnI kalpanA karatA kAvyanAyakane svajanonA rudanano P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 417 bhAra lAge che. e kahe che. "mitra, jarA to haso rudanano bhAra nathI jIravAto koi TUMkabharI prajaLe che mArI kesaravaraNI ceha ke aDavuM lAge jyAre koI hase nA" (147-Da) (hayAtI-75) ahIM mRtyu e rudanano avasara na hovAnuM kavi kahe che. to bIjI bAju jiMdagInI dora mRtyunA hAthamAM hovAthI ne mahAmUlA jIvanane satata motanI dorathI bAMdhI rAkhavAmAM AvyuM hovAthI jiMdagI poteja jokhamI hovAnuM kavi kahe che. kavi anila jozI jiMdagIne cAvI dIdhelA ramakaDA sAthe sarakhAve che. kAvyanAyaka jiMdagIthI hArI nathI gayA, paNa jiMdagIno evo moha paNa emane nathI. kavi "zarIrane prItinuM khAtara' kahe che. ("anArakalInuM DAIga Dekalerezana") kaDiyo anAranuM zarIra caNavAno saMtoSa bhale le, bAkI, AtmA to sugaMdha jema e dIvAlamAMthI bahAra nIkaLI javAno. - "sitAMzu yazazcaMdra janmIlaMmaraNa' mAM mAnavajIvananI asthiratAno nirdeza kare che.. ne chatAM badhuM sthira mAnIne ja Toca para prabhunAM maMdira e caNato hoya che. "A pItaparNa para poDhelA e sAMbhaLajo, navajAta zizuno smita kalarava akSaya che re"148 mAM vRdhdhone navajAta zizunA mitakalaravane sAMbhaLavA Adeza apAyo che. pati parNa kharI paDe che. paNa e pahelAM navAMkura, navuM pAna phUTI cUkayuM hoya che. vRdhdhattva khare che, jIvana nahi, e to avirata vahe che, mRtyu pAmavA mATe paNa zarIra to joIe ja. kAraNa AtmA to marato nathI. kavayitrI jayA mahetA mArmika rIte "che" ane "hatA' nA bhedanI vAta karatAM prazna pUche che "ke vyAkaraNanAM pustakonAM pustako ja samajAvyA karaze ApaNane "che' ane "hatAM" no bhedaw9 bhItara kaMi keTalAMya zaba khaDakAyAnI anubhUti, ne asaMkhya nanAmIono bhAra aneka janma mRtyuno saMketa Ape che. "ekAeka pavana paDI jAya che. rAkhoDI sapanAMono bhaMgAra laIne jahAja samudramAM garaka thai jAya che. rAtanI zAMtimAM bhaMga paDato nathI 50 mRtyune rojiMdI ghaTanArUpe kavayitrIe siphatathI rajU karI che.' manuSyamAtranI jijIviSA prabaLa che. hospiTala poemsa' mAM zarIranI sarahado choDIne dUra bhaLI javAnI tAlAvelI UDIne AMkhe vaLage che. kavayitrI jIvananA baMdhanane bhArekhama jaMjIra tarIke oLakhAve che. e tUTavAnI jANe rAha jovAya che. "motanI chAyA nIce jiMdagInI A jhalaka tUTelI vADanI vacce phUlonI mahake dhabaka"151 jayA mahetA lakhe che "vastrano ekaeka tAMtaNo dhIre dhIre chUTo paDavA mAMDe tyAre soyadorA, thAgaDathIgaDa, UDI jatA raMgane, jhAMkhI thatI bhAtane jALavI zakatA nathI" roga P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 418 mANasane mRtyunA vicAra karAve, ne mRtyuSaNa Izvara tarapha vizeSa abhimukha kare che. "tane to veda upaniSada neti neti, kahI varNavyo che to A saMkelAI rahelA dehanI AMkhomAM kSINa TamaTamI rahyuM che e koNa ?"1" jIvana ane mRtyunI ramata avirata cAlyA kare che. kavayitrI kahe che "kono dAva pUro thaI gayo che? koNa cUkI gayuM che eka dhabakAra, konA zvAsamAM tirADa paDI che? koNa AvyuM che ahIM laine eka vizALa nakAra? kone prApta thayo che. saMpUrNa zAMtino adhikAra?"15ra-ba "kharAbe caDelA vahANane na jaLa tArI zake, na havA ugArI zake, sukAnIe ja khelavAnuM rahe che yudhdha yudhdha-prANasaTosaTanuM"153 adyatana kavio paNa jAye ajANye pharIpharI purANasaMdarbhane kavitAmAM prayoje che. jayota thaI jAuM chuM'mAM pannA nAyake parokSarIte mRtyunI ghaTanAne 'Supernatural' sparza Apyo che. iSTadevanI mUrtisamIpa roja savAre ghIno dIvo pragaTAvatAM kAvyanAyikAne AMkha pAse dazyamAna thAya che. bhaDabhaDa baLatI citA. dIvAnI jyotanA agni sAthe citAnA agninuM sAmya vicArI levAya che. jIvananI keDIne janma tathA maraNanI be DALIo hovAnuM kavayitrI kahe che. jIvananuM taLAva AMsuothI sabhara che. svajana mRtyu pAmatAM bace che svajananAM mAtra bora zA AMsu And Miles to Go'mAM jIvanayAtrAno nirdeza thayo che. Ugato sUrya, jIvananuM, ne Athamato mRtyunuM pratIka. ne basa AnI vacce cAlyA ja karavAnuM. "pratyuttaramAM Atmakhoja nimitte pannA nAyake zarIra ane AtmAnI carcA karI che. ("arasaparasa') jaLanI jema ja vahI jatI A vaya. emAM kevaLa vastra UtAravAnAM che ke pachI mananA vAghA, ke pachI bane? AtmA ane zarIra vacce ApaNe mAnIe chIe evI dvidhA nathI hotI. punaH vipIna parIkhanuM pratIkAtmaka kAvya che. badhuM ja ATopAI jaze tyAre (arthAt mAnavInA mRtyu sAthe ene mATe badhuM ja ATopAI jatuM hoya che ne) mRtyu pAmelA mAnava mATe pachI vRkSa, paMkhI, ghara, sUrajano bhabhUkato agni, caMdranuM zItaLa teja, tArAo, kazuM ja nathI hotuM. hoya che cArekora eka asIma samudra ne enI upara jhUmI rahelo nIrava rAtrino aMdhakAra ne badhe ja sUmasAma niHzabdatA haze. ....kAvyanAyaka kahe che, ne tyAre teo viSNunI nAbhimAMthI kamaLa thaIne pAchA prakaTaze. zUnyamAMthI vilIna thayA pachI thatA navasarjana, punarjanmanI ahIM vAta che. vipIna parIkha kahe che, badhuM ja pUrvayojita hoya che. saphAIbaddha niyati, dhasI AvatI TrakanI haDapheTamAM thayelA koInA mRtyuno saMdarbha ApatAM teo kahe che. ke pachI kharekhara enI pAse ja enA mRtyunuM aphara AjJApatra hatuM?" 154 P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 419 kavi zazizivam ("zvAsano zvAsa') mRtyune sAntathI "anaMta taraphanI yAtrA' kahe che. zarIra sAnta che. AtmA anaMta. sAntamAMthI, nazvaratAmAMthI AtmA anaMta tarapha prayANa kare che e sUkSma ghaTanAne haju sudhI koI samajI zakyuM nathI. sAnta taraphathI anaMta taraphanI gatine kavi maMgaladAyI mAne che. "anaMtamAM vilaya'mAM sAntano anaMtamAM thato vilaya darzAvAyo che. jIvAtmA kyAM bhUlo paDyo che e nathI samajAtuM. anaMta bhaNInA prayANa samaye sIma, sImADA dekhAtA nathI. na sUrya, caMdra, tArA, agni, ke pANI, vAyu ke zabda kazuMja anubhavAtuM nathI. pachI to rahe che mAtra sUkSma yAtrA. paramatejamAM, anaMtamAM vilaya pAmavAnI AnaMdAnubhUti thAya che. temAM teja thaI, AmaMtyamAM AtaMtya thaI peluM kazuMka pUrNatAmAM prasarI jAya che. peluM kazuMka, pUrNatAmAM pUrNa thaI brahmAMDamAM vilasI rahe che. jayAMthI pachI pAchA pharavAnuM nathI "tata dhAmam parama" mama' AkAra ogaLI jAya che nirAkAramAM. - kavayitrI kamala vaidya prazna kare che vidAyanuM gIta cheDI mRtyu bAda pathika kyAM jAya che ? janAre jIvatA hatA tyAM sudhI teja chAyAnA chaMdano hiloLa jhIlatAM jIvana gAyuM. kavi zrIkAMta mAhulIkara kahe che bhItara DokiyuM, karatAM samajAya che ke jIvana e jIvana nathI. mRtyu nathI mRtyu. maraNane teo jIvananA mahAnala-sAgaramAMthI Urmilahara tarIke oLakhAve che. jIvana ane mRtyune bhinna rIte samajAvavA muzkela che. A baMnene alaga pADI zakAya tema nathI. tema chatAM kavi aMte jIvanane ja sata gaNe che, ne eno ja vijaya sUcave che. - kavi yosepha mekavAna mAnava jIvananI nazvaratAne kAvyamaya rIte varNave che. ApaNA astitvane kavi zveta alpAyuSI jhAkaLa samuM gaNAve che. jemAM kaththaI anizcitatA vacce mAnavajIvana thoDuMka mahore na mahore tyAMja... kavi kahe che, jIvananA anya raMgano svAda Avyo hota to zveta raMganA mRtyuno) artha samajAta. sahejamAM mRtyu pAmI pAchA tarata punarjanmanI taiyArI karavAnI hoya che. ('sUrajano hAtha') yosepha mekavAnanuM paNa mAnavuM ema che ke sthUla mRtyu kavinA nAmane mArI zakatuM nathI. tethI to paDakAra sAthe kahe che kAnamAM kahuM mArA mRtyu sAthe mArA nAmane daphanAvI to jojo" 155 maheza dave 1969mAM bIjo sUrya' nAmano saMgraha pragaTa kare che. teo mRtyune "iti' mAnatA nathI. mRtyu pAmanAra potAnI vAsanA choDI zakatA nathI. ne tethI to ene vAraMvAra janmavuM paDe. "virATa kALuM Dilma piMjaramAM." janmamRtyunA TrAphikamAM jIvavAnuM vAstava asahya lAge che kyAreka. mRtyuno anubhava karato hovA chatAM mAnava ene oLakhI zakato nathI. ne maranAra kadI e anubhava kahevA rokAI zakto nathI. mAnava mRtyunA paDachAyAne ja mAtra pAmI zake. kAvyanAyaka kahe che, pote aneka smazAnomAM, kabrastAnomAM, carcayArDomAM, kUvAomAM, baLyA, daTAyA, phelAyA chatAM emane mRtyu to na ja maLyuM. potAnI jema ja mRtyu paNa TAvaranA lolaka para besI jhUlyA karatuM emane lAge che. jIvana ke mRtyuno aMta ja nathI. baMne anaMta. kavi pravINa darajI ema mAne che ke "punarapi jananuM punarapi maraNa'no prAcIna saMdarbha

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 420 pelA khudAbhaNI vaLI gayelAMnI vaNathaMbhI yAtrAne janmajanmAntaranA sAhacaryanuM ane "na ca viprayoga'nuM vyaMjanAtmaka baLa Ape che. "phogaTalAla' mAnavamAtranuM pratIka che. (utsadha) "corasa mANasa janme ne mare, mare ne janma, janma ne mare" mAM janmamaraNacakranI ja vAta ullekhAI che. badhuMja naSTa thaI gayA pachI paNa pelo "punarapi'no maMtra enuM kArya karato ja rahevAno ane "nirAlaMba astitva'nA maMdira upara pharakatI jIvananA vijayanI patAkAo jovAnI zakyatAno dhakhAro paNa Ubho ja che. kavi bhagavatIkumAra zarmA mAnavajIvananI nazvaratAne pragaTa karatAM kahe che "kalama, kAgaLa, gajhala, cazmA ane taDakAbharI bArI, paDyuM raheze badhuM ahIMnuM ahIM, kaMI ApaNuM kyAM che?" ahIM kavi sanAtana satyane vAcA Ape che. jIvananI A nazvaratA mAnavanA banAvaTI ullAsanI mazkarI evI to kare che. evI to kare che. "hoTha ane pAMpaNanI nakarI ughADabaMdha jIvavuM-maravuM "hA" "nA' nA DacakArA" 150 zvAsanA pAMkhALA azvo kaMIka vAMsavano vIMdhI UDI jatA hoya che. ne pachI jIva UDI jatAM khoLiyuM, mAnava A ghara uMbara ne phaLiyAmAM jaDa thaI jakaDAI jAya che aMte. maphata ojhA "rAma bolo bhAImAM zabe mANasone UMcakyA'nI vAta dvArA avaLa vANIno prayoga kare che. mANasane to kyAMthI UMcakAya? e to nIkaLI jAya che bahAra (jIvAtmA jato rahe che) pachI rahe che mAtra khoLiyuM. bhagavataprasAda cauhANa jidagIne vidAyano choDa kahe che. lAgaNInI bhInAzamAM jiMdagIno A choDa pAMgare che. eTaluM ja nahi, mRtyu paNa lAgaNInI bhInAzamAM pAMgaratuM hovAnuM teo kahe che. kavinI dRSTie jiMdagI apUrNa che ne mRtyu pUrNa. jiMdagI aMte zUnya thaI DhoLAI jatI hoya che. lAlabhAI paTela, mRtyu bAda mAnavIne nAma, avAja, kazuM ja na hovAnI vAta kare che. jiMdagIne teo "janamaTIpa' kahe che. potAnA prayANane "mahAbhiniSkramaNa' jevuM moTuM nAma teo ApavA mAMgatA nathI. emane "mukti' jevo moTo zabda vAparavAnuM pasaMda nathI. ziva paMDyA janma mRtyu janmanA cakranI vAta pratIkAtmaka rIte kare che. sUrya janme che. navajAta zizu zo tejasvI ne tapasvI. paNa pelo mAtelA sAMDha goraja samaye AvI sUryane ziMgaDe caDAve che. ne azrutam kezavama thaI jAya che. pAchuM savAre tatsaviturvareNyuM, navajanma. mRtyusamaye tUTI jatA janmAMtaranA saMbaMdhajALAthI kavi sabhAna che. ne tethI ja aMtima prayANa samaye saMbaMdhanA phoTAnI kaccara uDAvI devA teo tatpara che. kavayitrI rakSA dave sarjanahAranI sRSTinA sarjana, vinAza, janma, maraNanAM gaNita nathI samajI zakatAM. sRSTino citAro ramatAM ramatAM badhuM banAvIne pachI nirmamapaNe toDI nAkhe che. pelI nAnI TIlakI dA dU dA lakhIne bhUMsI nAkhe che, tyAre kavayitrIne enAmAM sarjanahAranAM darzana * thAya che. kavi yogezvarajI jIvanane janmamaraNanI mahAnisaraNInI eka laghu pagathI tarIke oLakhAve che. zAMtipUrvaka jo vidAya laI zakAya to pachI zoka na rahe. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. - Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 421 "padma khIlyuM hasI pAMkhaDI beghaDI ne thayuM baMdha saMdhyA ja nihALI mRtyu ene kahyuM ajJa koI ja mRtyune sthAna jIvana mahIM kyAM ? e jIvanathakI anya jIvanamahIM ...pUrNaprajJA sajIne pravezyA 158 (tarpaNa) kazuM sthAI na hovA chatAM caitanyano to kadI nAza nathI thato. A mRtyu thAye tananuM bhale chatAM dIse mane mAnavamAtra kero emAM thanAro upahAsa zAzvata koIka Avo, tana mRtyu mAro saMdeza che. ' aMtima e ja nyAro" 59 kavi jayendra zekhaDIvALA, jIva jyAMthI Avyo, tyAM pAcho jato hovAnuM mAne che. anaMtathI sAntamAM Avelo jIva pAcho anaMtamAM bhaLI jato hoya che. pavana ucchavAsamAM bhaLI jAya e rIte. "garbhastha' kAvyamAM zekhaDIvALA ('kiMvadantI') asmalita jIvanapravAhamAMnI potAnI zraddhA vyakta kare che. vyakti mare che, paNa jIvanapravAha aTakato nathI. mAnavamana pUrvajone paherIne UbhuM hoya che. samaya daMtakathAnI jema bhRNazayyAe sUto anubhavAya che. ne aMtariyALe koI jIvane e khaMkherI nAkhe che. zvAsanI sarahada pachI, arthAta, mRtyu bAda mAnava "kiMvadantI' banI jato hovAnI vAta "chotaruM'mAM kavie vyakta karI che. kavi rAdhezyAma zarmA ema mAne che ke dareka sUryodaya AvI rahelA mRtyunI eMdhANI Ape che. ("zaba') enA UgavA sAthe dararoja savAre mANasanuM zaba dhImedhIme caLakatI sapATI upara nIkaLe che. mANasa roja thoDuM thoDuM marato rahe che. sUryano paNa roja janma thato hoya che. ne roja mRtyu. ("sUrya'). kavi vinoda jozI 'tumhala tuNDikA'mAMnI praznottarImAM jIvanamaraNanuM ciMtana apAyuM che. "koNa calAvatuM AyakhuM? no javAba "zvAsa apAya che. kauna motase dUra? no javAba che 'samaya' 'timira'mAM zAzvatI samAyAnuM ne duHkhanuM kAraNa "janma' hovAnuM kavi kahe che. motane parama lakSya kahevAmAM AvyuM che. AyuSya kevaLa bhaTsa, ne 'hovuM' kevaLa vaMcanA. A kavi vIru purohita "mRtyu' nAmanuM pratIkAtmaka kAvya laI Ave che. teo kahe che, mAnavInA pagamAM satata tRSNAno sarpa aTavAto rahe che. ne eja to che punarapi janana, punarapi maraNanuM kAraNa. kavi purohita 1983mAM "vAMsa thakI vahAvelI' saMgraha pragaTa kare che. jIvavAnI kriyAne teo janmaTIpa kahe che, ne enI AsapAsa mRtyunI eMdhANInA paherAo hovAnuM kavi kahe che. hAlakaDolaka zvAsanI vaLI nizcitatA zI? kavayitrI dakSA desAI 'visphoTa" ("zabdAMcala')mAM janma ane mRtyunI prakriyA vize vAta kare che. vIrya visphoTanI kSaNe pragaTelI koka ajANI AkAzagaMgAnI ulkAthI zarIrano ghATa laI jIva ahIM tahIM athaDAya che. janmojanmathI e Ama ja Uge che, ne Athame che. P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 422 janme che, ne mare che. te kSaNekSaNe paramANuonI jema khare che. kavi IndukumAra trivedI jiMdagI ane mRtyunI parasparanI prItane ardhanArInaTezvara, zivapArvatI jevA ananya' kahe che. baMnenI prIta khUba sUkSma hovAnuM kavi kahe che. kavi yajJeza dave mRtyune koI ekAkI dhanika prauDhAnI jema, potAno asabAba sAcavatuM hovAnuM kalpa che. dIpaka jagatApa, haju mRtyu janyuM ja na hovAthI, eno Dara na rAkhavA jaNAve che. kavayitrI caitanyavhena diveTiyA pitAnI prathama puNyatithie "puSpAMjali" nAmano saMgraha Ape che. jemAM janma tathA mRtyu baMne samaye jIva ekAkI hovAnI vAta karAI che. zivamAM bhaLI jatAM bAhya dIpaka bhale bujhAya, paNa aMte teja parama tejamAM samAI jAya che. chappaname pAne 83mAM hAIkumAM kharI jatA pAMdaDAne sthAne navI phUTatI kUMpaLano nirdeza janma, maraNa-janmanI ja vAta karI jAya che. "khare pAMdaDAM, phUTe kUMpaLa vRkSa | navayauvana" 140 devakumAra pinAkina trivedI jiMdagInA kAcA kocalAne motanI cAMca khotarI nAkhatI hovAnuM kahe che. jayAre garbhavAsa khUTI jAya che, tyAre kocaluM (aMdhakAra, tRSNA) phUTI jAya che ne paramano sUraja joI zakAya che, ne jJAna lAdhe che. - kavi dvArakezajI prazna kare che "kRSNa mAyAvIneya kyAM maravuM hatuM?' paNa mAnavazarIradhArIne to maravuM ja rahyuM. ('pAMca pANInA dezanA') jagata eTale ja kurukSetra, jayAM rathi, mahArathI, sArathi saune maravAnuM ja. kRSNa jevAnuM pUrNa virAma pAradhInA bANa vaDe thayuM. kavi dvArakezajI "badhuM ja aTakI javAnuM che e satyathI sabhAna che. maMjarInI mahekasamI jiMdagI pavananI peThe hAthathI jotajotAmAM chaTakI javAnI. kAcanI pUtaLI jevI jiMdagI sahejamAM baTakI javAnI, ne pelA zvAsa sAta DagalAM cAlI aTakI javAnAM ('lebala') maraNamAM jiMdagI, ne jiMdagImAM maraNa hovAnI vAta karatAM kavi jayendra mahetA ("vasaMta ane pAnakhara') "Azcarya' nAmanA kAvyamAM motane "bahetara' gaNAve che. kavi yajJeza dave mAne che ("jaLanI AMkhe') ke zvAse zvAse ApaNA mRtyuno kAyAkalpa thato jAya che. "azvatthAmA' pratyeka mAnavanuM pratIka banIne Ave che. "A eka. janmanI oramAM ja vIMTaLAI vIMTaLAIne maLyA che aneka janmo 1 azvatthAmA nAmanA hAthIne azvatthAmA saddabhAgI mAne che, kAraNa ene mRtyu maLyuM. pRthvIpaTe aharaha niruddeza bhaTakyA karato pIDita azvatthAmAM jIvanane abhizApa mAne che. ne mRtyune nirarthaka. - 1988mAM "lharo jaLa' nAmano kAvyasaMgraha laIne AvatA kavi kanu suthAra kahe che. kharyuM gulAba - verIethI mAraga have na maheke dara prANa prayANa karI gayA pachI zarIrarUpI mAraga mahekato nathI to P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 423 "taru sukAya eka ja DALe bAMdhe paMkhI be mALo" 143 kahetA kavi mRtyu, navasarjana, purnajanmanA vArApherAno nirdeza kare che. eka vRkSa sukAya che, ne tyAM bIje cheDe navI lIlIchama kUMpaLo phUTatI hoya che jIvanadhArA ema avirata cAle che. * DaoN. dhIrubhAI parIkha "AgiyA' nAmano hAIkusaMgraha pragaTa kare che. "kAcAM pAna DALa para jhUle ne pAkelAM rajamAM ALoTemAM kudaratanA sarjana visarjananA, janma mRtyunA vArApherAnI vAta karAI che. citAmAM ekabAju zaba baLe, bIjI bAju khUNAmAM bilADI baccAne janma Ape. kyAMka mRtyu, to kyAMka koIkano janma. jagatamAM baMnenI anivAryatA che. koIka jAya che, koIka Ave che. satata Ama krama cAlyA kare che. cokamAM kharatuM pAna, ne dAdImAnA khoLe pautra, paNa sarjana visarjanano saMketa Ape che. adhatanayuga : mRtyu divya maMgala, suMdara madhura adyatana yuganA kavio mRtyune mahada aMze kevaLa eka bhautika "ghaTanA" tarIke jue che. chatAM kyAMka kyAMka mRtyu divyamaMgala ne suMdara madhura rUpe paNa varNavAyuM che. mRtyunA mAdhuryano aNasAra ApatAM sureza jozI kahe che. kAvyanAyakane laI javA mATe mRtyue paNa madhumAlatInI anumati levI paDaze. mAnA mRtyu bAda prakRtimAM madhumAlatInI sugaMdharUpe jANe mA ja vyApelI rahe che. purANA pIpaLA nIce koIka kALanI baMsarI bajAvatuM saMbhaLAya che. mRtyunI bhavyatAne vAcA ApatAM kavi kahe che azvinano suvarNaraMgI prakAza zaraNAI para lalita bibhAsa cheDe che. pavananI aMguli koI divya surAvali cheDe che. ('pratyaMcA') - kavayitrI suzIlA jhaverI koka maMgala coghaDiye AnaMdathI bhAna bhUlI hAthamAM hAtha parovI, mRtyu-zizu sAthe cAlI nIkaLavAnI vAta kare che. je mRtyunI maMgalatAnuM sUcaka che. mRtyunA Agamana samaye dvAra para nobatakhAnuM besADI coghaDiyA vagaDAvavA teo utsuka che. teo mRtyune uddezI kahe che. svaccha zizu zA tane jhUle jhUlAvIza" t8 ne tyAre pavana paNa mRtyune mATe hAlaraDuM gAze evI temanI zraddhA che. - kavi makaraMda dave evI zraddhA dharAve che ke mRtyu IzvaranI jhAMkhI karAve. mRtyu pathArIne amiyala seNa" kahe che teo. kavi mAne che ke jJAnanI jAgRti motaneya miTAvI de. vidAya letA AtmAnI vANI'mAM vidAya letA AtmAnA AnaMdane vyakta ryo che. "jIva upADo pAyo hAya re koruM khApaNa ne A bhavanI bhInI kora koI AgherA lokanuM teDuM AvyuM mArA prANa pala na thobho, to tamane rAmajI kerI ANa P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. . Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 424 be'ka vAlerA bolane vINuM najaruM neha vibho" amaramuktinI samudra Urmiono anubhava thato hovAnuM "mahAmilanamAM kahevAyuM che. samudranI Urmio jevuM masta maraNa' kahI maraNanI majhAno nirdeza makaraMda davee karyo che. motanI mIThI muskAna mANavAnuM kahetA kavi "mRtyu zAMtiprada hovAnuM mAne che. ("nirAdhAra) mastokA mayakhAnAmAM motane mAzUka ane jIvanane "lAladulAlA' kahyuM che. "mRtyunI ghATIomAM pote bheMkAra rAto gALI hovAnI vAta karatA makaraMda dave, pretanI sAthe hAtha milAvI mRtyunI pelI pAranI hastIone nihALyAnuM kahe che. Adhunika yugamAM mRtyune zAMtiprada kahetA bahu thoDA kaviomAM, harikRSNa pAThaka paNa che. "mumukSA' kAvyamAM mRtyu pAmatAM saghaLo boja sarI gayAnI, ne deha paDI gayA pachInI nIrava zAMtinI vAta karAI che. kavi caMdrakAMta zeTha "thoDuM mIThuM mIThuM mota hUMphALuM hUMphALuM mota - mAge che. tAjI havAmAM bheLavIne ApI zakAya evuM, thoDuMka sarasa maghamaghatuM mota teo vAMche che. kavi rAvajI paTele zAzvata nidrAnI jhaMkhanA sevI hatI. huM Avyo chuM, have aMtahIna nidrA ghaDavA' A dAvo zabdAntare mRtyuno svIkAra kare che. rAvajInI kavitAmAM maraNa sAthe saMkaLAyelI rudiSA nathI. "AbhAsI maraNanuM gIta' kAvyamAM sarvatra vyApI rahelA prANatattva maraNa joDe ullAsanA vAtAvaraNane UbhuM karavAno prayatna karAyo che. paNa pachI tarata karuNanI chAyA relAya che. "mRtyu samaye mAtra vAhana ja nahi pote paNa zaNagArAIne javAnuM che." ja mRtyunuM dazya ahIM lokakalpanAmAM utsavanI bhUmikAe UMcakAyuM che. maraNa utsava banI rahe che, ne mahAyAtrA paNa. kAvyanAyakanA zvAsa ajavALAM paridhAna karIne UbhA rahe che, mahAyAtrAnA AraMbha mATe. kSaNa mRtyunI che, paNa lagnagItanA dhavalamaMgala layamAM udgAro AkArita thAya che. kaMkuno bhAre sUjhasaMyamathI aNauccArela "cAMdalo ahIM "sUraja' tarIke pragaTe che. rameza pArekha mIMDhaLamAM avasarane bAMdhe tema mRtyunA zubha avasarane "dasamaNa agnimAM bAMdhe che. mRtyunI jANe teo kaMkotarI lakhe che. "maraNane mUdu' kahetA rameza pArekha kahe che. "A bhIDamAMthI nIkaLavuM saheluM kyAM che rameza? ame maraNano mRdu hAtha jhAlI nIkaLIe" 168mAM harIndranI kRtiomAM sarjakanA sthAIbhAva tarIke mRtyu sthapAI gayuM che. A mRtyu ja jANe ke vAMsaLI vagADIne jIvane bolAvyA kare che. "koI Aghe AghethI veNu vAya che. re mane "jAtI rahuM jAtI rahuM thAya che" haba (hayAtI ra4) P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 425 mRtyu sAme tIra beThela priyatamanA milana mATenI taka che. maMgaLa avasara che, evI paraMparAgata zraddhA harIndra dharAve che. mRtyuno utAro mohaka hovAnuM kavi kahe che. "piMjarAmAM rahI gaI kAyAmAM mRtyunA kaheNano nAjuka saMdarbha vaNAyo che. "mRtyu eTa : vana', harIndra Ama paNa "veNunAdInA kavi che. mRtyuneya e kRSNanI baMsInA nAda rUpe oLakhAve che. janArane koNa rokI zake che? dhUpa thaI UDI huM cAlI " saMbhALo, have piMjarAmAM rahI gaI kAyA" s8-6 (74 mauna) kahetI pelI cetanA cAlI jAya che koka agamanA deze. vyakta, avyaktamAM bhaLI jAya che, ne pachI chAnuM hatuM e chatuM thaI gayuM. enA gamanane jagate "mRtyunuM nAma paNa ApI dIdhuM, ne janAra jIva priyatama mRtyunA hAlanA pArAvAramAM hiloLA leto chalakAto malakAto cAlI gayo ne sau jotAja rahI gayA. aMte zora badho zamI jAya, pelA mana-mRganI mAyA badhI chinna thaI jAya. mRtyu cUpacApa haLave haLave Ave, ne eka haLavI phUMke badhuM ja kheravI jAya. tana mana caitanya saghaLuM. Indriyo badhI nirjIva banI jAya, paMcamahAbhUta, pelA vizALa mahAbhUtamAM bhaLI jAya. jayA mahetA gata ane anAgatanI vaccenI kSaNamAM thatA vAvAjhoDAmAM paNa ekaeka tAMtaNI jhaLahaLato anubhave che. ahIM je prakAza che, te bujhAvA pahelAno nahi, paNa agninA rathamAM beThA pachIno. kavayitrI kahe che, "deha saMkelAI jato hoya che tyAre paNa AMkhamAM koI TamaTame che e koNa ? vedaupaniSadoe neti neti kahI varNavyo che e ? mRtyunA Agamanane teo "tAjIlahara' kahe che. jayA mahetAe "hospiTala poemsa" chelle pAne silence Please' lakhyuM che. je ghaNuM sUcavI jAya che. jIvananA babaDATa ne ghoghATa pachI mRtyu ja zAMti ApI zake "nIrava mauna che mRtyu to', mAMdagI samaye AvatA mRtyunA vicAro kyAreka divya saMsparza ApI jAya, badho bhaya kharI paDe. zaraNAgatinI utkRSTa sthitinuM nirmANa thAya. "mRtyu" Izvarano ja paryAya banI jAya. ne pachI to asImane badhuM soMpI devA jIva taiyAra thaI jAya. "have to halesAM heThAM mUkI dIdhAM che saDha kholI nAkhyA che zira jhukAvI dIdhuM che sukAna saMbhALI lo he asIma" 149 jayA mahetA to mAne che ke mRtyu jIvanamAM baMdhanamAMthI mukti apAve. jIvana to saharAno rajhaLapATa che. mRtyunA AgamananI kSaNe e rajhaLapATa pUro thAya, ne paramazAMtino anubhava thAya. havAnI tAjI lahare, anya divyalokanAM bAraNAM khulaze, koIka AvIne laI jaze, ne jIvanayAtanAmAMthI mukta karaze, evI zraddhA kavayitrIne che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 426 "motanI chAyA nIce jiMdagInI A jhalaka tUTela vADanI vacce mahake dhabaka" 10 "anaMta divasono sathavAro laIne eka kSaNa Ave che vAvAjhoDuM thaIne, havAnAMye spaMdano jhIlavA asamartha ne pachI jhaLahaLI UThe che eka eka tAMtaNo vastrano 101 pannA nAyaka "mRtyu' ("arasaparasa) kAvyamAM mRtyunA sauMdaryasabhara Agamanano nirdeza karatAM jIvananAM bAraNAM vasAI javAno aphasosa kare che. "nimaMtraNa ane praveza'mAM koI teDavA AvyAno aNasAra kavayitrI pAme che. jANe vAjiMtronI svarasaravANI laherAya che. mRtyuno maMgala utsava AkhI rAta avirata cAlyA kare che. jene jayAre emAM nimaMtraNa maLe tyAre e ahobhAgI banI jAya che. kAvyanAyikA nAcavA mATe saMkalpabaddha bane che. "cheka saMdhyAe pUro thayo mAro siMgAra yAminI gADha thaI jAya e pahelAM huM pahoMcI jAuM e dvAra" 12 kAvyanAyikA dUradUrathI DolatI hAMDImAM jhUlatA dIvA jue che. sAjaMdAnAM vAjiMtronI svarasaravANI saMbhaLAya che. divyaprakAza dekhAya che. lagnanI jema ja mRtyu milana vAjate gAjate thAya che. kavi zazizivam mRtyune bhayaprada nathI mAnatA. teo "mRtyune "sAntathI anaMta taraphanI yAtrA' kahe che. ("sAntathI anaMta') ne e anaMta gatine maMgaladAyI gaNAve che. sAntanI kSitijemAM anaMtanI dizA tarapha mITa mAMDI UbhelA jIvAtmAnI vAta karAI che. 1985mAM kamala vaidya "ujjavala zarvarI' prakAzita kare che. "vaLAmaNa'mAM kAvyanAyikA pote nidhanane Are AvI pahoMcyAnuM kahe che. sahune praNAma kare che. kAyAnA sAjazaNagAranuM have ene kazuM kAma nathI rahyuM. mRtyu mahotsava hoya evI anubhUti nAyikAne thAya che. "kAla kAlindIne jala karI laI snAna javuM pele tIra mArA gokuLane gAma veNuno huM mAtra sUrNa sUra AturanI uradhaDakana dUra - dU...." 13 zrIkAMta mAhulakara jIvanane virATa acaMcala vAyu ane mRtyune "mRdu laherakhI' kahe che. jIvanane prANano puraka ne maraNane kSaNekSaNano "kuMbhaka' kahe che. kavi manoja khaMDeriyAne paNa mRtyunI maMgalatAmAM atUTa zraddhA che. mRtyupaLa udAsIne dUra karI ullAsa tathA mAMgalyano anubhava karAvatI hovAnuM teo kahe che. "nimaMtraNa' Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S.

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 427 kAvyamAM manoja khaMDeriyA sugaMdhI mRtyupaLanuM Alekhana kare che. mRtyune teo "maMgala avasara' gaNe che. e vakhate paNe paNe bhIno zo marmara, unmeSa sarjAya che. ane prakAza guMjavA lAge che. cArebAju sugaMdhano kUNo kalazora chalake che. 1979mAM prakAzita thatA manoja khaMDeriyAnA "aTakaLa' nAmanA saMgrahamAM kavie mRtyunA jhagamagATanI vAta karI che. mRtyu jANe jIvane samajAve che ke "maravuM e to jhAkaLa jevuM che, ne jIvatara kAgaLa jevuM.' kavi nItina mahetAne (nirvANa' 1988) aMtima samayanI divya AphlAdaka anubhUti samaye davA jevAM sagAMonAM sAnnidhya pasaMda nathI. mRtyune potAno ja deza kahetA A kavi mRtyunI lIlI maheka pAchaLa zarIrarUpI jharaNuM doDatuM hovAno anubhava kare che. bhagavataprasAda cauhANa ('sUrajamAM lohInI kUMpaLa" 1977) mRtyune "navo dhabakAra' kahe che. mRtyunA nIDamAM ujAsa Tahuto hovAnI kavizraddhA mRtyupathane prakAzamaya mAne che. mRtyu atizaya namaNuM hovAnuM mAnatA A kavi motanI surabhi, sauMdarya, satya ane saMgItathI maDhelI hovAnuM kahe che. tenA prAgaTyane pAmavA mathato ziva paMDyAno kAvyanAyaka mRtyunI leza paNa paravA vinA jarAmAM akhaMDa brahmAnaMda pAmavA talase che. kAraNa mRtyu to prakAza che. guNavaMta zAhe "punarjanma' nAmanA kAvyamAM mRtyu pachInI maMgalatAno vicAra karyo che. sUryalokamAM pahoMcI jatA kAvyanAyaka nIce jue che, to eka navajAta zizunI adhakhUlI AMkhomAM vismayanuM AkAza dekhAya che, ne pote navajAta zizunI adhakhUlI AMkhamAMnA vismayanA atAga AkAzane pAmavA nIce UtarI paDe che. kavi yogezvarajI mAne aMjali ApatAM "tarpaNa' kAvyamAM maraNane anokhA maMgala avasara tarIke biradAve che. anokho Avyo A avasara bhale ne maraNano tame je jIvyAM te viSama nava che vismaraNano 174 mAne meLavIne mRtyuya dhanya thayAnuM kavi kahe che. mAnA maraNane teo "zucimaraNa' kahe che. mAe mRtyupathArIne divya "mukti zayyA' gaNI hatI. AtmAmAM ramanArane mamatA zenI? zarIradhArI mAnI sImita vANI emanA mRtyubAda niHsIma ane amRtarUpa banI rahe.. kavi jitendra vyAsa ("bhammarayuM madha') "AvyA kAgaLa zrIrAmanAmAM mRtyunI maMgalatA ne bhavyatA pamAtI hovAnI vAta kare che. vahAla bharIne sugaMdhI vAyarA vAtA hoya tyAre ammara dhAmanAM teDAM (mRtyu ammara dhAmanuM teDuM) kema TaLAya? jIvAtmA rAmanA A teDAno svIkAra karavA tatpara che. kavi jayendra zekhaDIvALA ("kardamapallI') jIvanane nirjIva deha ane mRtyune navajanma kahe che. teo ema mAne che ke mRtyu devakanyAonI bhUmimAMthI UtarI Ave che. mRtyunA nUpurarava sAMbhaLIne kAvyanAyakanA nirjIva dehamAM caitanya vyApe che. mRtyunA layabaddha nirgamana pachI ghUmarAya che emanI cetanA, mRtyune A kavi ciraMtananA garbhapradeza tarIke oLakhAve che. mRtyu ja che brahmadvAra, ke jyAMthI sau koI satyanA anaMta pradezamAM pahoMcI zake che. - kavi dinakara zAhane ('ajanavI vastImAM) potAnA pratyeka aMgamAMthI mRtyunI sugaMdhano prasAra anubhavAto. ("mahAmRtyu) praphulla paMDyA ("jIbha uparano dhvaja 1986) P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 428 aMtima prasthAnane "praphulla prasthAna' kahe che. mRtyunA divya sugaMdhanA prasAranuM varNana karatAM kavi kahe che "have phUlanuM prasthAna che sugaMdhamAM" 175 e sugaMdhamAM havA phUlamaya jIvataranA kautukane pAme che. mAMgalyazraddhAnA 2 vyakta thAya che. "gIta anAdi mUDamAM lakhyuM ekamAM anAdi mUDamAM saghaLuM choDI dUradUra 'vAnI A kavi vAta kare che. aMdhakArano eka khaMDa. oLaMgI kAvyanAyaka ajavALAne uMbara pahoMce che. kyAMka oMkane ghaMTAramAM zvAsaTekarI vacce mujane maLI AvatuM vAdaLa" 1 ahIM mRtyune mAMgalyasabhara gayuM che. cAre bAju divya ghaMTArava saMbhaLAtAM zvAsanI Avana jAvana joradAra bane che. caitanyabALA diveTiyA ('puSpAMjali') mRtyune, prabhudAre javAnI maMgalakArI prakAzabArI kahe che. pIMjaramAM purAyeluM paMkhI jAteja cAMcathI pIMjarane zarIrane) toDI bhayamukta thatuM hovAnI vAta A kavayitrIe karI che. kavi naTavarabhAI ThakkaranA to saMgrahanuM nAma ja "prabhujI tame sAgara huM pANI che. teo mRtyune vinaMti kare che ke mRtyu zAMta citte temane aMdhArapacheDo oDhADe, jethI prItama sAthenA emanA milanane koInI najara na lAge. mRtyunI ghaDIne prabhumilanano maMgaLa avasara banI rahe, evI emanI icchA, ne zraddhA baMne che. mRtyuTANe emanI vedanA pitRgRhethI sAsare sidhAvatI dIkarInI vedanA haze. je aMte to pati gRhe pravezatI navoDhAnA ullAsanI jema AnaMda-sabhara haze. kavayitrI dakSA desAI mRtyune priya milananI kSaNa kahe che. ('nirjaLA nadI') tethIja teo peTImAMthI lIlAM paTakULa kADhavA kahe che. saiyara potAnI pAMthI sajAve, hAthamAM lIlAM kiMkaNa paherAve, ne kapALe, kaMkunI pIyaLa karI, nAke phaTakiyuM motI paherAve evI AzA vyakta kare che. potAnA e maMgala prayANa pachI pelI bhIMte coDelI kaMkunI rekhAone dhoLAvI enA DAgha kaDhAvI nAkhavA tathA haiye maDhelI chabIne haDaselI devA paNa kahe che chatAM saheja AcherI AMkho relAvI thoDuM raDI levA paNa jarUra kahe che. A adyatanayuga - prema ane mRtyu "sureza jozI emanI uttama racanAomAM prema, jIvana ane tenI sAmenA tulyabaLa maraNane paNa potAnI sImAmAM AvarI le che." 2 premanuM to zamaNuM ja sevAyuM hatuM. paNa have tene vaLa caDAvI rahevA maraNanI upasthitimAM AkhuM jIvita je rIte duHsvapna banI gayuM temAMthI pote (nAyaka) mukti cAhe che. "prema ane mRtyu' jevAM tattvomAMthI janmatA astitvamUlaka tanAvane kazA paNa mArge haLavo karI daIne praznanA ukelanI koI bhUmikA prastuta karavAmAM kavine rasa nathI. "niSphaLa prema ane uttarottara vikasatuM maraNa, temanI racanAomAM eka astitvamUlaka tanAva Ubho kare che. "itarAnI aMtima kAvyakRti paNa evA ja tanAvane zabdastha karI Ape che." 18 karoLiyAnI jALamAM jhilAyelA jhAkaLanI AMkhe emanuM maraNa emane tAkI raheluM dekhAya che. premano vilaya thatAM yugapata bhAve ja maraNa nikaTa AvatuM gayuM ane pachI to nAyaka nAyikA maraNathIja joDAtAM rahyAM. rasAtAM Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S.

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 429 rahyAM. mRNAlanI nippalaka pratIkSA nirarthaka che, kemake mahelane kinAre eka paMkhI paNa beThuM che. je ene laIne eka divasa to UDI jaze. A pratIkSA maraNanI dizAne ja kholI Ape che, paMkhInA sazakta citra vaDe kavie mRNAlanA maraNane suMdara rIte vyaMjita karyuM che. pAMcamA ekamamAM A duHsvapnano aMta lAvavAno jANe ke IlAja pharamAvyo che. "gharaDuM maraNa'to pachI bharakhI ja jaze. ekamanA uttarabhAgamAM maraNa ane nAyaka vaccenI jANe ke saMtAkUkaDI AlekhAI che. kAvya-naM-7mAM dekhItuM priyAvarNana aMte mRtyuvarNana ja che. amAsanA aMdhakAra zI tasatasatI enI kAyA, enA sparzamAM jhAkaLanI sukhada zItaLa bhaMguratA, premanI temaja jIvananI bhaMguratAno nirdeza kare che. kAvya 11mAM (i. rA' pR. 16) premanI vidAyanA mUhUrtanI vAta karato kAvyanAyaka viraha ane mRtyune parasparanA paryAya tarIke Alekhe che. paNa aMte premazraddhA ja vyakta thAya ja che. prema to premInA maraNa pachI paNa AgaLa dUra dUra jaze evI zraddhA vyakta thaI che. "AMdhaLI smRtione rajhaLAvazo nahi' kaheto kAvyanAyaka jIvanA prayANanuM pageruM zodhavAnI nA pADe che. sAta sAgara ne sAta parvata pAra UDI gayelA mArA maraNanA pAMkhALA ghoDAnA bhaNakArA tuM kAna mAMDIne tArI nADImAM hajI sAMbhaLI rahI che" 180 mRtyu pAmelo nAyaka, priyatamAne, baMnee sAthe maLI racelA premanA mAyAvI jUThANAne nAyikAnI bhaDake baLatI dRSTinI AMcathI ene saLagAvI devA sUcave che. e kahe che. "chalanAnA pAtramAMnuM tAruM ekAda cAMgaLuM smita mArA maraNa-vRkSanI DALe TahUkI UThe to tArA maunano paththara pheMkIne ene uDADI mUkaje.... kaTAI gayelA sikakAnI jema meM phagAvI dIdhelo samaya have tuM AMsuthI dhovA beThI che ? 81-ca pote to have zUnya banI gayo che. priyatama potAnA avasAna pachI AMsu sAratI premikAne Thapako Ape che. "mArA maraNanA paripakva phaLaneya tuM tArA datta daMzathI korI nAkhavAnI ' . hAma bhIDaze ? 18ba potAnuM avasAna thayA pachI pote priyatamAnA svapnanA mahAlayamAM ThAThathI raheto hovAnuM kahe che. priyAnA zvAsanI vIthikAomAMthI e laTAra mAravA nIkaLe che. priyatama potAnA maraNanA AgnavastrathI priyatamAnI lajjAne DhAMke che. "mArA maraNanA agnivastrathI tArI lajjA DhAMkato rahuM chuM" 82 ... P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak.Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 430 suzIlA jhaverI paNa priyajana jatAM, vyathita banelI nAyikAnI avadazAnuM asarakAraka varNana kare che. ("kairavavana') priyajananA sathavAre pote sAgaranI jema laherAtI hiloLA khAtI, te have chUTA paDatAM biMdu banI vikharAI gaI che. priyanA sahavAse bArasAkhI toraNano raNakAra mITho lAgato, have e ja dvAra aDavuM lAge che. teo upaDyA upaDAtAM na hatAM. e badhI jIvanasaurabha priyajananA avasAne UDI jAya che. ne pIDe che have AkaruM ekAMta. pahelAM raDatI to, AMsunA achovAnA thatA, najara cukAvavI paDatI, have AMkhamAM - jANe moTuM chIMDuM. A kavi makaraMda dave A mRtyulokamAM mAtra milana-meLAne ja, premane amara hovAnuM kahe che. premanAM jharaNa, kALanI kaThaNa zilAne toDI nAkhe evI emanI atUTa zraddhA che. mRtyulokamAM prema ja ekamAtra kAlajetA. "premanuM teDuMmAM ('taraNA') kavi makaraMda dave mRtyune premadvAra tarIke oLakhAve che. motane bAraNe nehanI jayota jhagatI hovAnI emanI AsthA che. "rilkanI saMginI benanuTAne' kAvyamAM (saMgati') kavi premano mahimA gAya che. phUlanA kAMTAnI zULe kavinA aMtare mRtyarUpa kaMTaka UgADyuM. paNa vizvamAM to ethI premano parAga mahekI rahyo. sthULa mRtyunI sAme sUkSma premabhAvanAno vijaya thayo. kavie mRtyu pAmIne premane mahAna tema ja amara banAvyo, ne premikAe sadUgata priyajananAM smaraNo dvArA jIvananuM saMgIta racyuM. kavi jagadIza jozInI daSTie prema maraNazIla hoya to paNa manuSyane amRta tarapha laI janAruM tattva che. dvAre laTakela sUkAM toraNamAM smaraNonI bharatI khakhaDe che. ("mAro dIvo' "vamaLanAM vana') sAthInAM khovAyelAM pagalAMone phaMphosI caraNo sAda pADe che. jaLane kahI do'mAM paNa prema tathA mRtyu saMkaLAyelAM che. janAra ane rahenAra, parasparane gherAtI sAMjanA sogana Ape che. mAyAnAM vAdaLo khaMkherI nAkhavAnuM kahe che. jaLamAM paMkhIno chAMyo paDe ne toya paMkhInI AMkha bhInI thAya che. chUTA paDelA A TahukAnA pIMchAmAM aMkAzI gIta kema gAzuM' ? (janArano avAja to viramI gayo che ne ?) lAbhazaMkara ThAkaranA "phUla' kAvyano nAyaka ('vahI jatI pAchaLa ramyaghoSA') mRtyumathI priyAne astitvanuM kUla arpatAM dhImedhIme enAmaya banI ogaLI bhaLI jAya che. "mANasanI vAta'mAM lAbhazaMkara prema tathA mRtyune sAthe sAMkaLatAM lakhe che. "premane khAtara mota maLe toye mahephila che. jANazo mRtyuthI prIti" 183 | cinu modI "aMzu mAro chinna aMzamAM aMzune kyAreka priyajananuM rUpa dharatI, kadIka grevayArDamAM Dhagalo kUla laIne AvatI kalpa che. phUlo kabara para mUkI cUpacApa cAlI jatI priyAnA paDachAyAne jhAlI rAkhavA kAvyanAyaka mathe che. enI sAthe vAta karavAnI rAha joI bese che. aMzu zveta zubhravastrAvRtta devahaMsI jevI dUtikAno svarga bhraSTa AtmA jANe. rAvajI paTele "AbhAsI mRtyunA gIta'mAM ('aMgata) "mRtyuneya rokavA mathatA premanI vAta karI che. "mane roke paMchAyo eka cokamAM vizeSarUpe eka AkAra janAra vyaktine roke che. 'kimapi-dravya janArane roke che e tattva che prema." 184 "premapAtrano P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 431 sIdho saMbaMdha to chuTI gayo che. pRthvI paranuM sArasarvasva "prema" potAno ochAyo janAranA mArga upara pAthare che. janAra jarIka khamacAya che. AMtare che, pakaDamAM le che. are asthA bolathI premI na jhalAya to pheTa paDI e premamAM "pUro na pakaDAyo hoya to aDadho jhAMjhara dvArA pakaDAyo" 18-a jhAMjharanA jhaMkAra vaDe jIvAyelA jIvananI rasa-jhaMkRti-jhINAjhINA bhaNakAra hoya e dvArA e ene pakaDI rAkhe che e paMchAyo, sahajIvanano sUkSma aMza game teTalI "haLavAzavALo' hovA chatAM ocho sajIva nathI. prema-mayI chAyAne atikramIne cAlyA javuM saheluM na ja hoya. kaMIka to khaTako lAge ja. "mRtyu sAthe premanI anubhUti daDhapaNe baMdhAI che. mRtyune bahAne premanI ja vAta thAya che. mRtyu pachI vizva sAthe saMbaMdha vicchanna thAya che, prema sAthe rahe che. priyapAtranA kapALanuM kaMku dUra thayuM. e kaMkunA sUraja haMmeza mATe AthamyA. eTale ke AMkhonA mAlikanI cetanAmAM haMmeza mATe aNaAthamyA rahevAnA che. mRtyu-anubhUti karAvI rahe che ke "prema anasta che" 185-ba ajavALAM paherelo puruSa haLavekathI premano svIkAra kare che. e je ghara ane AMgaNAmAM vasyo hato, te choDatAM e mAlamAla thaIne vidAya le che. enI vAta che "kavie kRtine "AbhAsI mRtyunuM gIta' evuM mathALuM ApeluM. zIrSakane paNa virodhanA namUnA tarIke joI zakAya. kharekhara che premanI amaratAnuM gIta paNa ene kahyuM "AbhAsI mRtyunuM gIta' zarIra chUTyuM nathI eTale "AbhAsI' mRtyu che. paNa gIta chevaTe nIvaDI Ave che mRtyunA sAcesAca AbhAsIpaNAnuM" harIndra koIka kSaNomAM premanI khoja mRtyumAM paNa karI che. to kyAreka jayAM hayAtI ke mRtyu koIno mahimA nathI evA pradezano paNa anubhava karyo che. harIndrane mana mRtyu ane prema' kadAca parasparanA paryAya che. kadAca jIvananI vAta mRtyunA saMdarbhamAM pUrepUrI pragaTatI haze eTalA mATe? premanuM bIjuM rUpa mRtyunuM kahevAyuM che. tethI to nAjuka kSaNomAM mRtyune kola daI dIdhAnI kavi vAta kare che. jIvananI taraphadArI na karI zake e mota paNa kevuM? premanI anaMtatA ke nirAvaraNatAne mRtyu paNa mArI zakatuM nathI. premanA sAnidhyamAM mRtyu paNa AvakArya bane che. premabharyA sAnnidhya ane smRti sAthe kAyamanI nIMdamAM jaMpI javAnI tamannA mRtyu karatAM premano mahimA anero hovAnuM anubhavAve che. kavi rameza pArekhanuM "kAMdha re dIdhI ne dena dIdhAM' ("kyAM' ?) haiyAne valovI nAkhe evuM mRtyugIta che. kAvyanAyikA sonalane uddezI racAyeluM gIta premikAnA mRtyuno saMdarbha vaNI le che. "poDhaNAM dIdhAM re tamane rAkhanAM hojI" 80 gaLatI veLAnAM parabhAtiyAM mRtyunI mITherI nIMdara sAthe ekarUpa thatAM kavi kahyuM che. AMkhanAM teja mRtyupaLe karamAvA lAge, ne mRtyu pAmanAra svajana potAnA gaDhamAM ja, potAne apAyelA dezavaTA (mRtyu)nuM mArmika duHkha anubhave che. gaDha choDavo to zI rIte game? "janArajIva' ("khaDiMga')mAM prIta-bIta badhuM tyajIne khAlI phaLiyA ne zerI badhAne phaMgoLI cAlyA jatA jIvanI vAta che. anila jozI 'TIToDIno avAja' ("kadAca)mAM prasiddha aitihAsika premakathA, salIma ane anArakalInA premane gUMthI mRtyu para premanA vijayane bulaMdIthI gAya che anArakalI jIvatI caNAtI gaI potAnA ja avAjanI dIvAlamAM. "mukti kyAM che mArA salIma'? P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun.Gun Aaradhak Trust .

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tane ! arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 432 evo vedhaka prazna pUchatI gaI. premanA jhurApAnI rajhaLapATane gatinuM nAma ApI zakAya tema nathI, ne eTale to e mRtyu jhaMkhe che avAjanI dIvAlamAM jayAre aMtakALa Avaze tyAre dhIme dhIme AkAza kharI paDaze. vRkSo kharI paDaze, makAna kharI paDaze, sUraja kharI paDaze, nakSatro kharI paDaze. enI bA kharI paDaze, ne e pote paNa. duniyAne vidAya ApavI dohyalI hovAnuM e kahe che. "o mArI vhAlasoI duniyA tane vidAya ApatAM ApatAM to mArI AMkha jaLAzaya banI gaI che" 88 "anArakalInuM DAiMga Dekalerezana"mAM ('baraphanAM paMkhI')nI anArakalI jahAMpanAhane potAnA premanI khumArIno paricaya ApatAM kahe che, pote nathI caNAtI, eka eka IMTa mUkato kaDiyo caNAya che. zarIrane caNavAthI zuM?) "mane caNIne zuM karazo? evo, bephikarAIbharyo prazna anArakalI kare che. zarIrane to e prItinuM khAtara kahe che. zarIra maravAthI prema maravAno nathI, e vadhu baLavattara banaze evI zraddhA enI che. jayA mahetA paNa premanI tAjagI tathA atUTatAnI vAta "eka mAtra tane ja'mAM kare che. ("eka divasa) mRtyu paNa premane khALI na zake. yamarAja premanA mUlyanI sAkSI purAve. tethI ja kAvyanAyikA premabhASAno mahimA varNave che. "AMkha mIMcAya te pahelA'nI nAyikA ('AkAzamAM cArA cUpa che') haMmeza mATe AMkha mIMcAya e pahelAM svajana priyatamano UMDo ghero AA avAje AMkhamAM bharI levA mAge che. priyajanane nakhazikha potAnI AMkhamAM e bharI levA Icche che. kAraNa potAnA mRtyu bAda A badhuM pAmI nahi zakAya. kavi vipIna parIkhanA I hope' kAvyamAM ('AzaMkA') mRtyu pachI dharabI rAkhelI saMvedanAono citkAra rajU thayo che. priyajananA mRtyu pachI enA dehane vaLagIne besI rahevAtuM nathI e sAcuM. paNa kavi kahe che, "mRti kohitI nathI'I hope you have recovered pUchAtuM tyAre nAhaka viSAdanA vartuLane laMbAvavuM gamatuM nahotuM chatAM I hope' eTaluM kahetAmAM to e pAchI ekavAra phasaDAI paDe che. mRta priyajananI yAda pAchI halAvI jAya che. zraddhAmAM kavi ('talAza') sadgatanAM smaraNo viziSTa AbhAsarUpe AviSkAra pAmatAM hovAnI vAta kare che. jenI mulAyamatAthI e paricita che. evA eka dehanI (sadgatanA) sugaMdhano e ekAMtavAsamAM anubhava kare che. saddagatanI sAthe saMvAda racAya che ne prazna udbhave che. "e tuM che ? tuM je hajI gaI kAle ja mArA kapALethI cAMllo bhUsIne cAlI gayo hato ne" ? 89 kavi mAdhava rAmAnuja "koka kokavAra' ('tame')mAM sadgata priyajananI yAdane gUMthe che. velya thaI javAnI kAvyanAyakanI icchA, lagnasamayanI vagaDAmAMthI pasAra thayelI velyanA smaraNa vAgoLe che, ke jyAMthI pelI priyA lajavAtI pasAra thaI hatI. - kavi zazizivam "ekAMta pamare' ('rUparomAMca)mAM priyajananI anupasthitimAM paNa emane joyAnA vibhramano camatkAra varNave che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 433 pathArInA dIse saLa sutanuM kAyA hajI sUtI" 10 mRtyupaLe priyajana nikaTa na hovAnI vyathA kavayitrI kamala vaidya vyakta kare che. kAvyanAyikA dUra dUrane aMdhAra kheMcAI rahI hovAno anubhava kare che. mRtyune pele pAra mAtra aganano AdhAra, potAne e avakAzadehA lakhe che. jANe koI bhAra sarI jato na hoya. yosepha mekavAna paNa 'smita' ('svagata) kAvyamAM sadgata priyAnI smRtinA paMkhInI jema uDAuDa karatAM smaraNonI vAta kare che. koI sarakatA dhvaninI jema priyA sarakI gaI hovAnI vedanAno anubhava kAvyanAyakane thAya che. je pAchuM nathI AvavAnuM, enIye pratIkSA karI devAya che. priyA gayA pachI smaraNono svAda paNa bhUro thaI gayAnuM anubhavAya che. priyAno anubhava eTale baMdha muThThImAMno sUnakAra. kAvyanAyakanI hariyALI kAvyapaMktio haze priyAnuM smaraNa mAtra. zvAse zvAse smaraNa, tethI potAnA zvAsamAM priyA hovAno . anubhava kare che. kavi manoja khaMDeriyAe ("acAnaka) "ne Aje aSADha have to'mAM cira-zAzvata virahiNInA haiyAnA sUnakArane zabdabaddha karyo che. gharanI bhIMte, siMdUriyA thApAmAM ne, raMgaDholiye samayano avakAza tare che. varasAda mana mUkIne varase, ke gharamAM nevA chala chala chalake, mATInuM lIMpeluM haLa maheMkI UThe, paNa kAvyanAyikA mATe to badhuM ja verI banI yazavaMta trivedI kahe che. ('pariprazna) "mRtyu eTale tane ane mItAne maLavA dhasamasATa phelAI javuM. premanI bharatI Ave che tyAreja bane kAMThAne pUrNatAthI maLAya che ane pamAya paNa che. priyamilana mRtyumAM pariName toya zuM? kavi pravINa darajI paNa mRtyu para premanA vijayanI vAta kare che. ('utsughI) potAnI bhItaramAM tulasInA choDanI jema ucharelI priya sakhIne bhInI bhInI vidAya apAya che. ("cheka bALapaNathI') AgiyAnI pAMkha para besI aMdhakAramAM nippalaka AMkhe kAvyanAyaka joI rahelA, ne chatAM priyajana sarakI jAya che. (khabareya na paDe tema mRtyu laI jAya che ApaNAM svajanone). potAnI hatheLI ne pote baMne zApita puravAra thAya che. che - "ane, tame acAnaka sarakI gayAM ne aTakI gayo mAro ratha - mArI hatheLI, huM zApita puravAra thayAM. A vidAya * hAjarI mAM 1 tamane ja sakhI, : nAnA amathuM amathuM ghara ghara ne amathA amathA varavahunI ramatamAM tamAM to TaTaLelA traNa dAyakAnI bhInI bhInI vidAya" 191 sadgata sakhIne kAgaLamAM zuM lakhavuM enI vimAsaNane paNa kavie vAcA ApI che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 0434 paraNIne sakhI AvyAM haze tyAre, prajanI AMgaLIo bhIMta para zabdAvavA mathI hatI ene have to khAssI lIla phUTI nIkaLI che. - kavi bhagavatIkumAra zarmA "hovAno bhAsa chuMmAM ('saMbhava') priyajana vinA potAnA jIvanane nirarthaka gaNatA nAyakanI saMvedanAne vyakta kare che. nAyaka potAnI hastarekhA chellIvAra joI levA priyAne kahe che, kAraNa pote to have saMdhyA samayano "kSINa thato ujAsa" che. pote dhummasanI jema paLamAM vikharAI javAnA, e vAtathI teo sabhAna che. karazanadAsa luhAra ("lIlo abhAva) adhUrI vAsanAe mRtyu pAmanAranI vedanAne vAcA Ape che. ('eka avagatiyuM gIta) priyajanane sadehe na pAmyAnI adhUrapanI vyathA ahIM vyakta thaI che. baMnee sAthe vakha ghoLyAM haze. kAvyanAyaka jIvato rahI gayo haze? sadgata priyAnAM pagalAM suMdhI, ene yAda karato, raha raha roto, e smazAnanI rAkhamAM ALoTato hovAnuM kahe che. "pagalAM' kAvya paNa sadgatanAM smaraNanuM che. priyajanane kAvyanAyaka potAne pALiye smaraNonuM siMdUra caDhAvavA vinave che. pote to potAnAthI paNa kyAMya dUra nIkaLI gayA che.. "chellero tAMtaNIya - - sarI gayo aMgathI - zvAsono saMga choDIne - huM nIkaLI gayo 12 lAlabhAI paTela ("aMkita) "tulasI kyAro'mAM svajana mRtyune kAraNe gharanI okaLIo paNa stabdha thayAnuM kahe che. bhItaranA jharukhe yAdonI mahekabharyA gItono ekatAro gUMje che. priyatamA pathArImAMthI beThI thaI kaMI vicAraze, tyAM to badhuM stabdha thayeluM lAgaze. pelI yAdonI mahekabharyo tulasIkyAro AMgaNe laherAto haze. priyajananI judAIthI vIMdhAyelA hRdayanI kazIka mRdu madhura kasakamAMthI janmatI racanAo laIne AvatA kavi pIyUSa paMDyA smaraNamUlaka jhaMkhanAne vAcA Ape che. priyajananI gerahAjarImAM divasone svasthatAthI jIvI javAnI tatparatA che sadgata priyajananAM smaraNo ja kendramAM che. priyajananI yAdane pAne pAne mabalakha sugaMdhI sera (smaraNonI) hovAnuM kAvyanAyaka anubhave che. meghanAda bhaTTa ('malAjo", "pagalIrANInuM praNayakAvya'mAM pagalIrANInA mRtyunI dahezatane vAcA Ape che. "pagalIrANI' koIpaNa premikAnuM pratIka banI rahe che. jenI praNayabhAvanA mRtyunI paravA karatI nathI. guNavaMta zAha Nothingness' kAvyamAM ('vismayanuM paroDha) priya svajananI pratIkSAnI vAta kare che. jIvana asta thavA AvavA chatAM priyAnA jhAMjhare sAda na purAvAnI vedanA ahIM vyakta thaI che. ne have priyA Avaze, tyAre pote nahIM hoya, chatAM potAnuM e na hovuM paNa bharyuM bharyuM banI raheze. pote sthULarUpe nahi hoya, paNa sUkSmarUpe to gharamAM sarvatra vyApelA hovAnA. tethI e sUkSmarUpa, na hovApaNuM paNa priyAnA Agamane premanA pagarave bharyuM bharyuM banI AnaMdI UThaze, evI zraddhA vyakta thaI che. kavi jamana kuMDAriyA "yAdamAM ('kalaravanAM pagalAM) madharAte priyajananuM smaraNa karatI nAyikAnI saMvedanA vyakta kare che. capaTIbhara kaMku seMthIethI kharyAnuM ene yAda Ave P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 435 che. priyajana virahe enuM astitva mINanI jema ogaLe che. ahIM mRtyu karuNarUpe, tathA premasvarUpe vyakta thayuM che. "ekalatA'mAM svajanamRtyu pachI anubhavAtI ekalatAno nirdeza che. smaraNanI keDI para ekalatA mauna thaI Thare che. jo ke saddagatanI phorama kyAreka ekalatAne bharI paNa de che. aMtima vidAya letI vakhate potAne tarachoDanAra priyajanane nahotuM kahevuM chatAM nAyaka "Avajo' kahI de che. AMkho hasatI hatI, paNa jatAM jatAM rovAI gayuM. ne chatAM yAdanA dardane teo sahI leze. prema maratI vyaktine jIvADI de. marI to javuM hatuM jarUra che te tame tarachoDyA tyAre ja paNa tamArI AMkho joIne jIvAI gayuM jatAM jatAM" 93 kavi yogezvarajI ('tarpaNa) mAtRpremano mahimA kare che. jIvananI nazvaratAno svIkAra karavAnI sAthe sAthe premanI amaratAnoya teo mahimA kare che. zarIra mRtyubAda svAhA thAya che, paNa prema to ajara amara che. ene koI svAhA karI zakatuM nathI. kavi yogezvarajI potAnAM saddagata mA sUkSmarUpe amara hovAnI zraddhA dharAve che. jitendra vyAsanA "madharAte bole che pALiyo' kAvya ("bhammariyuM madha')mAM vipralaMbha, zRMgAramAMthI nIpajato vedhaka karuNa hRdayasparzI banyo che. mIDhaLabaMdhA pALiyAnI to avagati ja hoya ne ? lAla cUMdaDInA lIlAchama oratAnA vaNa cAkhelA amaratakUpanA abharakhAne kavie anero sparza Apyo kavi aniruddha brahmabhaTTa prema ane mRtyuno eka sAthe mahimA gAya che. ('kimapi') janAra vyakti priyajanano hAtha potAnA hAthamAM mAge che. mRtyunI pele pAranA dazyanI kalpanAmAM zraddhAno raNako che. kAvyanAyakane AkAzanA paMthe aMkita thayelI premanI koI agamya lipi jotAM jotAM AMkha mIMcavI che. "mRtyu AvI pahoMce e pahelAM priyatamA sAthenI sagAthAnuM pAnuM (premakathA) teo racI le, e Aze ja teo kadI potAnI khinnatAnI vAta nathI karatA. vinoda jozInuM paribhana' kAvya ('paraMtu) priyajananI gerahAjarI samayanI nAyakanI anubhUtinuM kAvya che. paDakhuM pasavAre che to khAlIkhama Dholiyo dekhAya che. "batha bharuM, bhujA beu bhoMThI paDe pariraMbhane kaheto kAvyanAyaka pachI sabhAna bane che ke priyajana to nathI. priyatamAnI yAda lakkaDakhoda banI UMghane TholatI hoya, evI vyathA "preyasInuM Vision anubhavyAno sAra'mAM vyakta thaI che. sadgata priyAnI yAda UMgha harAma karI de che. gulAma mohammada zekha premathI parAjita thatA mRtyunI vAta A rIte kare che. "motanA pavano rastAnI cirADomAM premanI bASpathI lacI paDI ogaLe che. te dakSA desAI svamRtyu kalpanA kare che. ("zabdAMcala') priyajana vekezanamAM gAmaDethI pAcho pharaze, tyAre pharIne ghara ughADaze, tyAM pha....2....2....2 daI e to kyAMka UDI jaze. potAnI aMtima kSaNa'nI vAta karatAM teo kalpanA kare che. ke sUrya AMkhanI kIkIomAM asta thato haze, ne tyAre priyajana gheghUra vaDalAnI mAphaka emanI cotarapha chAI gayA haze. potAnA mRtyu samaye nAyikA priyajananI sajaLa AMkho joI nahi zake. to : P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 436 nirjaLA nadImAM kavayitrI kahe che "nahIM jovA maLe te paricita cahero je tane gamato hato kadAca" 194. to kyAMka cUDIo paheratAM pahelAM ja naMdavAyAnI vedanAya vyakta thaI che. "rA'maNa dIvaDA jhagyA, doNIo saLagI nI cUDIo paheratAM ja naMdavAI" 195 pAMDunA mRtyune biradAvatAM dakSA desAI kahe che, pAMDue ekaja vAra lIlI Tazara banI phaNagavAno yatna karyo, ne teo paramavRtti sAthenuM premasabhara mRtyu pAmyA. emanuM mRtyu emane mATe paramasukhanI, premaparAkASThA banI gayuM. ahIM mRtyu para premano vijaya thayo. prIti senaguptA lalATa lekhamAM priyajananA avasAna aMge valopAta karatA svajananI vAta kare che. ("khaMDita AkAza) kazuM laIne nathI javAnuM te to samajAya che. paNa kazuM maLyAnI khAtarI thAya evuM kazuM na hovAno vasavaso vyakta thayo che. atiaMgata ane hRdayadrAvaka lalATaplekha (svajanamRtyu) ekalAM ja eka khUNe besI jIravavA mathavuM che. kAvyanAyakane potAnI meLe badhuM visaravuM che, badhuM ja. mahendra jozI "mRtyu' nAmanA kAvyamAM bharapUra prema saMtoSanI najAkatabharI zailImAM vAta kare che. janAra vyaktine javAno koI raMja nathI, kAraNa A jagatamAM akhUTa prema teone maLyo che, koI hRdayane khUNe taruvaranI jema mUkyAnI aDhaLaka mAyA hatI. premanAM smaraNonA mabalakha phUla mUkIne teo tAranA saMdeze cAlI nIkaLe. "saMcaruM'mAMno kAvyanAyaka pote phUlanI saurabhanI jema basa beghaDI ahIM AvyAnI vAta kare che. ne koI yAda kare to havAmAM teo jarUra jharamaravAnA, vyakti mare che, smaraNo nahi, premasaMbaMdha nahi. janAra smaraNarUpe sadA sAthe ja rahe che. kAvyanAyakane DhaLatI sAMjano Dara nathI. potAnA aMtima prayANa pachI koI yAda kare to pote kyAM nathI? ....havAmAM sarvatra yAdarUpe teo prasarelA ja che. dinakara zAha "jaya' "AkharI vAre'mAM ("ajanavI vastImAM') prema ane mRtyune sAthe sAMkaLe che. peluM zAzvata mauna (mRtyu) emane gherI le tyAra pahelAM priyajana sAthe chellI chellI vAta karI levAnI kAvyanAyikAnI icchA che. teo priyajanane kahe che "AjanI sAMja jarAya na raDIza, kadAca savAre aDhaLaka osakaNonA caLakATathI chavAI jaze Akhoya bagIco. smaraNarUpe mRtyu pAmanAra priyajana potAnA hayAta svajana sAthe sAhacarya jarUra bhogavavAnA. "prAyogika dhoraNe-23mAM nirAdhAra avasthA vacce potAnA khoLiyAne ogaLatuM joI rahyAnI vyathA vyakta thaI che. ("sparza dinakara zAha) paNa pachI A avizrAMta dhIkatI cehane sUryakiraNomAM ekarUpa karI daI priyasvajananI osarImAM teo patharAI jaze evI zraddhA che. | kavi jayendra mahetA ("maMjarI') "tamArA samamAM eNmano mahimA mRtyuneya bAjue mUkI deto hovAnI vAta kare che. premapaMthI mRtyune mAMDave viharanArA che, evuM kavinuM mAnavuM che. premanI duniyAmAM mitratA to mAtra "mota" sAthe ja thaI zake. prema karanArA "motathI kadI DaratA nathI, ne motathI DaranArA premamAM kadI phAvatA nathI. prema karIne motane mAgI P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 437 lIdhAnI vAta kAvyanAyaka kare che. - kAvyanAyaka jatAM jatAMya mahobatane sAda karatA javAnA. kAvyanAyakanI AMkhamAM ("svajana') priyajananI yAda AMsu banIne sare che. prema maLato hoya to mRtyuno svIkAra karavAnI ahIM taiyArI che. mRtyu premane nahi, prema mRtyune haMphAve che. A adyatana yuga ane kALanuM nirUpaNa - AdhunikatAnA praNetA sureza jozInI kavitAmAM kSaNonuM bhaMgura pAtra tathA kALanA mahuvaranI viSamatAno ullekha maLe che. AMgaLIonA zithila baMdhamAMthI khaMDita kALa ghUghavato haze, ne premanI vidAya pachI kALanI abhijJatA badalAI haze.... TIpha TIpha avAjavALA ghaDiyALanA nirdezathI mRNAlanA parivAramAM nirvizeSa kALaparimANane - upasAvavAmAM kavi sureza jozIne sArI saphaLatA maLI che. kavi kahe che "purANA pIpaLA nIce koIka kALanI baMsarI bajAve che ne enA mRtyu chidra prANano prabaLa pracchavAsa pukAre che." & "itarA'nA AThamA kAvyamAM kavi sureza jozI sarvatra vyApelA viSarasanI vAta kare che. kALanA mahuvAmAM paLepaLe anubhavAtA viSanA kutkAranI vAta jIvananI kSaNabhaMguratAno nirdeza kare che. suzIlA jhaverInA "kSaNonuM Albama' saMgrahanuM zIrSaka ja kALasUcaka che. "samaya" tattvanuM kavayitrIne bhAre vismaya che. teo kahe che, "mArA janmamaraNanI vAta jevuM samayanuM vaTavRkSa", "jhaMkhanA'mAM kALathI para banavAnI kavayitrInI jhaMkhanA pragaTa kare che. samayanA garbhamAMthI janmatI sukhadapaLo kALAMtare mRtyu pAmatI hovAnA kaDavA satyane teoe "kaDavA kuMvaDIA'mAM rajU karyuM che. kavayitrI kahe che. "kALa AMgaNe AMTA mArato - tyAre, karI hatI. bArI bAraNAM vAsI dIdhAM karI kALa pavana thaI gayo" 197 , kavayitrI mAne che ke kALa bArI vATe ja gRhamAM pravezI zake ne pachI jIvana, mRtyu ne kALa, mAnava ne kALa badhuM ja ekAkAra thaI jAya. "kALa' A kavayitrIne mana sadAya gahana evA Azcaryano viSaya rahyo che. kavi makaraMda dave kALanA mukAmane jItavA mAge che ('taraNAM) pAMkhanA palANe besI beghaDI TahukI chellerI salAma temane karavI che. kAloDami' kahenArane teo paDakAre che. ('bhItaranAM teja) potAno dIvo ujjavaLa hovAthI kavine na to kALanI paravA che, na mRtyunI. ne bIjI ja paLe kavi kahe che "samayanA hAthamAMthI koI bacI zakatuM nathI. ('to samayanA hAthathI saMgati') kavi jagadIza jozIne "kSaNanA vRMdAvanamAM zraddhA nathI. teo mAne che mAnavanI niyati mATe nirmANa thayuM che "kSaNonuM lAkSAgRha', kAraNa anaMtanA havanamAM badhuM ja homAI jatuM hoya che. jagadIza jozI AyakhAne kSaNonuM bAMdhI ApeluM sAliyANuM kahe che. lAbhazaMkara ThAkara to Akho eka saMgraha ja samayane uddezIne Ape che. "kAlagraMthi', (1989)mAM badhuM ja sAmayika hovAnI kavie vAta karI che. paraMtu kAvyane teo vizeSarUpe Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S.

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa *438 kALaparaka' kahe che. DaoN. sumana zAha "kAlagraMthine lAbhazaMkaranI kAvyasRSTinA moMghA "sthityantara' tarIke oLakhAve che. kALa jIvanarUpe, mRtyarUpe araNarUpe anubhavAya che. akhaMDa, paripUrNa anavadya, nira%, soliDa samayano Avo pUrNa sAkSAtkAra kadI nathI thayo. samayane kavi lAbhazaMkare nitAMta vedanArUpe akhaMDa amizrarUpe kallAko kallAko sudhI sajIva dehamAMthI cetanAmAMthI sa-ra-ka-to, sa-ra-ka-to anubhavyo. samayane kavi meTAphorikala TapakAMo tarIke oLakhAve che. vicchinna sAva alaga, 'TayUmara' nAmanA kAvyamAM manuSya mAtrane maLelI janmajAta ineTa TayUmaranI vAta karatAM "dha TayUmara opha TAIma'nI vAta kare che kAlohi nAmagraMthi svayaMbhU "hyumana spisisa'nA AraMbha sAthe eno AraMbha sa sUkSmAm api kalAma na lIyate Iti kAla" 198 e satata dhabake che kAlagraMthi. manuSyanA mRtyu sAthe maranAra vyakti mATe aTakI jAya che "kAlagraMthi' "badhuM saMkaLAya che ane sarjAya che manuSyanI kAlagraMthinA nimiSonmeSathI. kAlaH saMkalayati mane tamane bacubhAIone e vibhakta kare che, ane saMkalita kare che 199 A kAlagraMthi mahAsamartha hovAnuM kavi kahe che. e Adi, madhya ane aMtathI rahita che. kavinA (kadAca badhAnA) jIvanamaraNanuM kAraNa che kAlagraMthi. nanAmAne nAma ApI e bhASAnA raste DhasaDI cUsI jAya che. kAlagraMthine udezI kavi kahe che "tuM ja cAMpa dabAve che, ne badhuM ughADabaMdha thAya che. tArA ja (kAlagraMthinA) rasabasa taMtuomAM lathabatha sarakuM chuM. Ama khakhaDa khakhaDa sTrecaramAM khakhaDa khakhaDa brAnta sTrecaramAM. "tuM grasI le nizeSa' , te pahelA tane tAkato animeSa" 20 sUkSma chatAM sarvavyApta TayUmara sarvatra samayanuM ja cetana rasAyana banIne Ave che. - 1990mAM prakaTa thayelA "ToLAM, avAja ghoMghATa saMgrahamAM kavi lAbhazaMkare jIvananI nirarthakatAnA saMdarbhamAM "kALane nirUpyo che. "AvyA" kriyApadane kavi khoTuM gaNAve che. kAraNa kALa niravadhi, samagra che. enA khaMDa na hoya. bhUta, vartamAna, bhaviSya, e vaLI zuM? kyAreka samayano bhAra gUMgaLAve che. "ziza para kALa rahyo daMta karaDe, gUMgaLAmaNa damanA daradI jevI pIDAno anubhava karAve che. samayanuM vajana totiMga ane kALamIMDha che, enuM vajanadAra gAtra kadI tUTatuM nathI. "vibhAga-5mAM kavi kahe che "avirata to che kevaLa samaya samayane ulecavAnI vAta karato mANasa pote ja ulecAI jato hoya che. samayane ulecavAnI prakriyAmAMthI maLe che mota sudhInuM mULa. A raghuvIra caudharI "mRtyu' nAmanI gajhalamAM samayanA mRtyunI vAta kare che. harikRSNa * P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 439 pAThaka "aDakhepaDakhe'mAM kALane budA madArI sAthe sarakhAve che. ("sUraja kadAca Uge'). "kyAMka agocara rahIne buddo kALa-madArI, evAM mahuvara cheDe re" 201 - cinu modIe kALane vAgoLonI peThe UMdhe mAthe laTakato kasyo che. zvAsanI ghaDiyALa, aMte aTakI jatI hoya che. ('pachIthI" "kSaNonA mahelamAM) ulUkano bhIno paDachAyo kALanA aMdhakAragheryA varcasvanuM pratIka banIne Ave che. "kSaNakSaNanuM mRtyu nIpajAvI jANe sarato kALa' 'kALanuM phaLa roja vikasatuM hovAnI pratIti kavine thAya che. ("zApitavanamAM pR.31) | caMdrakAnta zeTha potAno samaya dhImethI atala UMDANe DUbato anubhave che. zvAsa thaMbhI jatA hoya ema lAge che. bhItaranA aMgAre vaLatI rAkha, javAnA samayano saMketa Ape che. ("samaya thayo che' "pavana rUperI') kavi sRSTi ne kALanA kAnana tarIke, oLakhAve che. to kyAMka "samayasara holavAI javAnI, mRtyu pAmavAnI vAteya kavi kare che. ('paDaghAnI pelepAra) savAra, sAMja ane rAtano saMdarbha gUMthatAM kavi maNilAla desAI samaya marI javAnI vAta kare che, ne jIvanane "kALanA vana samuM' kahe che ne sUryane 'kALamukho'. rAvajI paTela "navajanma-mRtyu kAvyo'mAM "mazkarI samayanI thaI jAya mujathI jarI' ('aMgata' pR. 58) ema kahe che. mRtyusamayanI zAMtino nirdeza karatAM kavi kahe che. AMkhane khabara na paDe ema samaya paNa zAMta thaI jAya che. maranAra samayanI ye pAra pahoMcI jAya che. (janAra mATe to samaya zAMta ja thaI jAya che) rAvajI paTela samayane vyApaka parimANamAM Alekhe che. ("samaya") AyuSya hajI vilAyuM nathI, e sUcavavA AyuSyanA samayane ratAzachAyo kahI teo oLakhAve che. kAvyanAyaka kahe che "mArA azakta pagathI ava kALa kheDu" ra0ra harIndrane kALanA vaheNanI paravA nathI. paNa avirata kAryazIla evA mRtyunI emane jarUra ciMtA che. samayanA ghaMTano bajAvanAra thAkI jatAM bIjo hAtha badalaze, e vaccenI paLamAM mRtyu paLaka virAma karaze kharuM? - kavi rameza pArekha maranAra mATe AvI jatA samayanA pUrNavirAmanI vAta A rIte kare che. "dIvA taDAka, Ale, khaDiMga chAtI phATa kharyuM baMdhANI kAlanA goTegoTA kharI paDyA" 23 - pratyeka mAnava ane enI najara samayanI kedamAM baddha hovAnuM kavi kahe che. pote ekalA hota to kyAranoya bhAgI chUTyo hota. jo ekalo ja hota, to thaI jAta huM pharAra ra chIe samayanI kedamAM, mArI najara ne huM ra04 kavi anila jozI ('eka prazna) samaya kyAreya pasAra thato na hovAnI vAta kare che. vyakti ja pasAra thaI jatI hoya che. kavi sitAzu yazazcaMdra dhabakatI nADIne ghaDiyALa - P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 440 jevI kahe che. e khoTakAya eTale badhuM baMdha. rAmane pokAra karato jaTAyu aMtakALe rAmane samayanA svAmI tarIke biradAve che. A kavayitrI jayA mahetA ("hospiTala poemsa) AMkha sAme dIvo olavAto hoya evA daradIone joIne, samaya gati gumAvI beTho hoya evI anubhUti kare che. ghaDiyALanA TakorA gaNatA, bhUlatA, pharI gaNatA, ne vaNajhaMkhuM koI AvI na caDe enI bhIti sevatA daradIonI vAta kALanA aNadhAryA prahArano saMketa sUcave che. pannA nAyaka mAtra potAno samaya cAlato hovAnI vAta kare che. teo ghaDiyALane vaMcaka' kahe che. ("cAle che mAtra samaya"praveza') ghaDiyALa tarapha najara karI vItI gayelA ane tenuM jIvana kALanA samayamAM ja pagalAM hovAnuM teo kahe che. jIvatAM jIvata samayanI pAra javAnI anubhUtinI vAta pannA nAyaka kare che. samaya nAmanuM kALuM rIMcha (mRtyuno paNa paryAya) ekoktio uccAratuM, dinabhara, rAtabhara, emanA gharanI AjubAju bolatuM babaDatuM. raghavAyA kare to enI emane paravA nathI. ('philADelphiA') ravivAra pachI thavAnA somavAranA AnaMdamAM teo magna che. kAraNa vItato kALa mRtyune najIka ANI de che. ne maranAra mATe pachI vaLI somavAra zuM? ne maMgaLavAra kevo? kavi zazizivam jIvananA pUrNavirAmane samaye, aMtima prayANa veLAe kALane jItyAnA AnaMdAnubhavanI vAta kahevA utsuka che. aMtima samayanI eMdhANIno saMketa vaheto thavA do'mAM jovA maLe che. samaya jANe have khacakAto cAlato hoya evuM anubhavAya che. (zvAsano zvAsa) have samaya muThThImAM rahI zake tema nathI. dhUpasaLInI selArA letI dhUmraseranI mukta gatie samayane sugaMdhita thavA daI sadagatie prayANa karavA kAvyanAyaka jhaMkhe che. kavi zrIkAMta mAhulIkara mRtyunA ja vyApaka paryAyasamA mahAkAlane ajeya gaNAve che. mahAkAla amara, krUra ane nirbhaya che. eno ratha pracaMDa, aNathaMbha, ne garajato ja rahe che. eno vijayI dhvaja anaMtamAM pharake che. kAvyanAyaka AvA ajeya mahAkAlane paNa "sabUra" kahI thaMbhAvI de che. pote niHzastra hovA chatAM, ne mahAkAla sarvazastra vaDe praharavA mathe topaNa pote bhayabhIta thatA nathI. mahAkAlanA eka prahAre emanuM baLa vadhu prajavalita bane kavi yosepha mekavAna "pIgaLatA kALa'nI vAta kare che. ("sUrajano hAtha") sAmAnya rIte samayano kadI parAjaya thato nathI. kavi yosepha mekavAna samayanA parAjayanI vAta kare che. emaNe samayane "mRtyu pAmelA siMha jevo kahyo che. paLonI pInathI phAIla thayelo huM" (mAnavI) chelle huM maTI jaI AkAza banI jato hovAnI kavi vAta kare che. nAmazeSa thaI jatA, samayanI pAra zUnyamAM vilIna thaI jatA mAnavInuM karuNa citra kavi nirmama taTasthatAthI Alekhe che. samayanA nAmazeSa thavAnI vAta eTale samayanuM mRtyu, arthAta mRtyunuM mRtyu? kyAMka A kavi mRtyuneja kharI paDelA samaya' tarIke oLakhAve che. "taMdrila kAvyo'mAM mRtyunuM priyatamArUpe Agamana, athavA priyatamAnA mRtyunI vAta karatAM kharI paDelA samayanI AMkhamAMthI AsamAnI raMganA priyatamAnAM pagalAM, pharI vaLatAM hovAnI P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 441 yosepha mekavAne vAta karI che. teo kahe che che . "zvAsanI nAjuka AMgaLiyo pasavAryA kare che samayane" 25 maheza dave kahe che ('bIjo sUrya) mRtyu samayathI para zI rIte hoI zake? potAnI jema ja samaya paNa TAvaranA lolaka parathI jhUlyA karato emane dekhAya che. kavi mRtyu ane samaya baMnene "anaMta' kahe che. kALano sarpa kALane DhaMDhoLato hoya evI kalpanA teoe 'zUnyavAda' nAmanA kAvyamAM karI che. kavi manoja khaMDeriyA koIka svajanano mRtyu saMdarbhe havAne kALanA bhejamAM khavAtI hovAnuM kahyuM che. "mAro abhAva' kAvyano nAyaka potAne kALanA paMkhInI pAMkhanA pIMchA' tarIke oLakhAve che. huM to chuM pIMchuM kALanA paMkhInI pAMkhanuM" raja cAre bAju samayanuM vamaLa ghumarAtuM hovAnuM kavi kahe che.. "have sAMja thaI , dUra jhAlara baje ne kSitije kSaNono UDe raMga gera" ra00 to kyAMka kALa mINa banI ogaLato hovAnuMya kavi anubhave che. kavi phakIra mahammada manasurI kALane haMphAvavAnI vAta kare che. kALane dhokho devAnI khumArI emanAmAM che. A kavi pravINa darajI janma, jIvana ane mRtyu, darekanA nimitta tarIke 'samaya' oLakhAve che. samayane teo sarpa, chaba, bhrama ne taraphaDatI mAchalI tarIke paNa gaNAve samaya" eTale iva ane Adamane khAtAM "avaziSTa raheluM phaLa' paNa teo kahe kelenDaranA jIrNa pAnAM para bAjhelA samayano chello koLiyo "udhaInA (mRtyunA) ma | javAnI vAta, kavijIvanane samayano paryAya' kahe che. samayane amaLAto ne kaNasato pa. anubhavAyo che. pravINa darajI kALanI gatine satata artha ApyA karatA mAnavanI vAta (utsava') kare che. to bIjI tarapha kALa paNa mANasanI sAme satata eka AhvAna banIne vizeSa navAM vicitra aNadhAryA pariNAmo dAkhavato hovAnuM kavi kahe che. kALanI krUratA, sattva, sauMdarya, mAdhurya, praNayanAM paripoSaka tattvonI vinaSTi kare che. vilakSaNa paLanI karADa para ekAeka ApaNI yAtrA thaMbhI jAya che. ApaNAM caitanyo chidrita thaI jatAM ApaNe Dhagalo thaI jaIe chIe. kALa pharIthI enI DAkalI vagADavI zarU kare che, ne pelAM azmionAM polANonI baMzImAMthI mRtyunI sisoTIo vAgavI zarU thAya che. pravINa darajI kahe che "samaya badhuM zIkhavI deze'. 1974mAM "saMbhava' saMgraha pragaTa karanArA kavi bhagavatIkumAra zarmA "kSaNomAM vilAtI kSaNo ne TUMkI thatI jiMdagInI vAta kare che. "maLAtuM nathI'mAM samayanI sAthe ghasaDAtA mAnavanI lAcArInuM kavi varNana kare che. kALa kadI marato na hovAnI vAta aneka kavio tathA saMtoe karI che. bhagavatIkumAra paNa "saMdarbhazUnyatAnuM raNa'mAM A be vAta doharAvatAM lakhe che, "huM samaya chuM, eTale marato nathI". ApaNe ghaDiyALa vaDe kALane mApIe chIe, paNa kALa kadI ghaDiyALamAM kyAM purAya che ? jaLane kavi janmAntaronA bharaDA tarIke P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 442 oLakhAve che. ne potAne nadI kinArAnI bhekhaDa, samaya kevaLa kAMcaLI chInavato nathI, AkAraneya tvacAthI ukheDIne bhUMsI nAkhato hovAnuM vAstava kavi "maraNanI vAta che'mAM vyakta kare che. samaya aMte mAnavanA astitvane bhUMsI nAkhe che. samaya ja mRtyune laI Ave che. ne pachI astitva saMpUrNataH chinavAI jAya che. pArijAta-1-2'nAM smRti AMdolanomAM samayanI nirdaya thapATa'nI vAta karAI che. "kALazaba'mAM osaratA kALano ullekha thayI che. avyakta paLanI mIThI khubu sameTAI gayelI hovAnuM kahetA kavi "kALaneya marelo' gaNAve che. kALI kIDI samI kSaNo, kALanA zabane DhasaDatI' hovAnI kalpanA kavie karI che. kavi sudhIra desAIe ghaDiyALamAM (samayamAM) rahevAnuM zarU karyuM tyArathI kolAhala temanA raktamAM bhaLIne vaheto hovAnuM anubhave che. kavi hasamukha maDhIvALA samayane AbhanA UMDANamAM raheto ne retanI rajakaNamAM vaheto kalpa che. ("samayane" "yaralava') AmrakuMjonI ghaTAmAM aNadITha koyalanA kaMThamAM samaya ja gAto hovAnuM teo kahe che. to bIje cheDe A ja samaya mAnavInA dehanA polANamAM jiMdagIne ucchavAsarUpe pholI khAtoya emaNe anubhavyo che. duSkALa tathA roganA oLA para zaba banI nitya laherAto samaya paNa kavie joyo che. janmaTANe zvAsamAM baMdhAyelo mRtyuTANe mukta thaI jAto samaya" 208 mAnavanA maraNa samaye, maranArano samaya paNa mukta banI jAya che. kALanI aphara mAgaNIne zi thaI, aNamUla saMpatti samA pitAne kALane havAle karI devA paDyAnuM duHkha kavine che. | kavi nItina mahetA paNa maranAra mANasa mATe, ghaDiyALa-samaya badhuM ja viramI jatuM hovAnI vAta kare che. zvAsa viramI jatAM kAcanI jema mANasa tUTI jAya che. ne tyAre maranAra mANasa mATe kALa thIjI jato hoya che. kavi ziva paMDyAe 1975mAM emane thayelA hRdayaroganA bhAre humalA vakhate jANe mRtyuno sAkSAta anubhava karyo, ne "samaya nathI'nuM bhAna emane thayuM. bAre mAsa haraNaphALa bharatA kALane kavi kyAreya bhUlyA nathI. kavi kahe che "retInA akkeka kaNa para samaya UDayA kare che. ne vAmaNo deha paNa pIgaLyA kare che, ne chatAM samayathI kavi bIvA mAgatA nathI. kavi kahe che "kyAM sudhI A jIvane pALyA karIzuM' ? 9 potAne jJAnadIpa tarIke oLakhAvatA kavi "akSayakALa' paNa poteja hovAnuM jaNAve che. paNa Ama kahenAra aMte acAnaka "dehavilaya" paNa pAme che. khacako paDe che acAnaka. koI potAnI jAtane akSayakALa' tarIke oLakhAvI zake nahi. "kALa' akSaya haze, paNa mAnavazarIra "akSaya" nathI. ' satIza DaNAka mAnavane samayanuM paMkhI' kahe che. ('ekAnta vAsa') samayanI reta para teo patnInI sAthe cAlyA hatA. paNa patnInuM avasAna thatAM samayano pahADa jANe emane mATe thIjI gayo. ne pachI bhInA samayanA vAyarA kaNasyA kare che. kavi ajita ThAkora "mRtyu-2'mAM kALo samaya uMbarAne khodI rahyAnuM kahe che. "gharamAM samayanI pAchA page thatI koIkanI avarajavara, tathA koIka paDachAyAnI vAta mRtyunuM sUcana P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 443 kare che. kavi yogezvarajI potAnI mAnA avasAna nimitte lakhelA lAMbA 'tarpaNa' kAvyamAM purAtanakALathI cAlatA "kALacakra'no nirdeza kare che. "kALacakra' kazAnI rAha jotuM nathI, e satya emaNe barAbara pramAyuM che. kALa paLanIya pratIkSA nathI karato, ke nathI koI ene mATe apavAda. paraMtu kavinAM mA to AtmAmAM ramanArAM hatAM, tethI kALanuM zara paNa emane vIMdhI na zakyuM. sUkSmarUpe teo potAnA putra sAthe ja rahetAM. nirmohIne kALa zuM karI zake? kavi jayendra zekhaDIvALAne anAgata ghaDInA prahAro banI divasa paNa jANe jAso Apato hoya ema lAge che. pote samayano izAro banI satata kSaNathI kSaNamAM garaka thaI jatA hovAnuM kahe che. "nizAnta' kAvyamAM samaya ane sthaLanA parimANanI bahAra nIkaLI jaI vaizvika avakAzane bhedavAnA yatnanI vAta karAI che. to "duhAgIta'mAM kALanI krUra lIlAno nirdeza thayo che. kavi zekhaDIvALA samayane mATIpago kahe che to kyAreka mRtyugItane sAMbhaLato kAvyanAyaka sAMjanA dhUmila kesUDAM kALAM gulAbamAM palaTAI jatAM anubhave che. je samayanA ja vArApherAno saMketa Ape che. pUro thato pradoSakALa sarakatA kALanuM pratIka kavayitrI puSmA bhaTTa samayane vividharUpe oLakhAvyA pachI kahe che kALanI vyAkhyA kadAca adhUrI ja rahe che. samayane teo aphATa raNa, spanja, dharatImAM DhaburAyela bIja, ne pachI anaMtakoTi bIjorUpe vistarato oLakhAve che. samayane teo nAnA nAnA dUdhamala dANA ya kahe che, to bIjI ja paLe temaNe samayane jaraTha, baraDa, hADakAno mALo kahyuM che. aMte samayane mRtyubhoMtuM zULa paNa teo kahe che, kAraNa samaya ja laI Ave che pelA mRtyune. samaya zuM nathI ? kyAreka aMdhakAranuM TapakuM, anidrAnuM TapakuM, saMjoganI khUMTI, moMghI lakhalUTI mirAta, "kUMpaLa phUTI ratuMbaDI' ke "kaDavI tuMbalaDI banIne e Ave che. (samaya janma, samaya maraNa) samaya mRmbhaya piMDa, navA navA ghATa ghaDAyA kare, (janmamaraNa) samaya bALakanA dUdhamala dAMta, kUNuM, kUNuM baTakyA kare, kALa ja janma Ape, ne kALa ja mRtyu paNa. samaya UgyA kare, vadhe, ne virame. samaya saraka, rezamanA kIDAnI jema potAnAthI ja AvRtta. kavi vIru purohita ('vAMsa thakI vahAvelI) samayanA azva para asavAra banI pote doDatA ne hAMphatA hovAnI vAta kare che. (Ama to dareka mAnava samayanA - kALanA azva para asavAra banI doDato hoya che) aMtima paLoe potAnI saddagata patnIne yAda karato kAvyanAyaka ("mRta patnInuM aMtima smaraNa') badhuM ja samayanA ghoDApUramAM taNAI gayAnuM anubhave che. sparzanA rezamI uparaNAM, zvAsanA mahekatA haMsalA badhuM ja samayanA ghoDApUramAM naSTa thayAnuM teo kahe che. kavi maNilAla ha.paTele "kALa' nAmanuM khaMDakAvya lakhyuM che. ("sAtamI Rtu) jemAM marI gayelA rAjAo kALa pAse sattA pAchI mAgatA hovAnI vAta karAI che. paNa teo e pAchI zI rIte Ape ? A kAvyano nAyaka "kALa" che. eya potAne "mATInA jAyA' tarIke oLakhAve che. chadmaveze pharato A prAgaitihAsika kALa jaLane veze mULane jaIne maLe che, phUlo rUpe DALe DALe e phaLe che. kavi kahe che. P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 444 "caraNo to cAlI jatAM paDI rahe che bhAtu 50 mANasa cAlyo jAya che. smaraNo rahI jAya che. kALa aDIkhama badhuM jue.. A kavi vinoda jozI 'kALanA calakacalANAne krUra gaNAve che. ("tuNDila tuNDikA) rAjA ane kinnarInI praznottarImAM kALanA A satata cAlatA cagaDoLanI kavie vAta karI 1 kavayitrI dakSA desAI kALarUpI UMTaDAnI vAta kare che. ("zabdAMcala' "vaNajAruM') mahAbhiniSkramaNamAM samayanA zAMta mahAsAgaramAM DUbakI mAravAnI vAta karatAM kavayitrI astitvanA vilayanI ja vAta kare che. mANasa ogaLIne mINa bane che, paNa kALa sadA aDIkhama rahe che. e vAta dhImedhIme'mAM (nirjaLA nadI) kavie karI che. kALa kadI karamAto nathI. sameTAya che te to jIvananI bAjI. samayano ekatAro satata vAgyA karato hovAnI vAta "mRtyugIta-2mAM karAI che. kavi IndukumAra trivedI "kALavaMdanA' nAmanA kAvyamAM ("saMnivAsa') kRSNanidhanano suMdara saMdarbha racI Ape che. teo kahe che, kALadevatAne paNa prabhucaraNe namavAnuM mana thayuM. khUba ghUmIne thAkelAM caraNomAM tIra khUMpe che, ne kavi kalpanA kare che, jAte AvIne kALabhagavAne jANe kRSNane praNAma karyA ne karmamukti ApI. A kavi yajJeza dave kahe che 'trikALajJAnIne paNa mRtyu to na ja choDe." ("jaLanI AMkhe') trikALa jJAnIo have mATImAM mATI che. ne agnimAM agni. (kesendrA, sahadeva, TAyareziyasa) roja sAMje samaya mRtyune AMje che. samaya mAM che mRtyune. ne chatAM azvatthAmA'mAM kavie kALaneya marato kaththo che. : "....jyAM mare che kALA ke kAma dhIme dhIme, kohavAtAM jatAM pAMdaDAnI jema..... badho bhAga have maraNanA mukhamAM 11 badhe mIMDhA maunanuM maraNavartI sAmrAjaya kALa jevuM vikarALa svarUpa che" 11-ba samudra' nAmanA pratIkAtmaka kAvyamAM pavana, retI, ne jaLa kALanAM ja pratIko che. "hajI hamaNAM ja cAlyAM gayelAM cAra pagalAMnI lipine | koI nAdAna bALakanI jema ja bhUMsI nAkhe che pavana, retI, ne jaLa ne pharI Alekhe che koI navI ja lipi" para prIti senaguptA, pazcimanA AkAzamAM saMdhyAnI raktarekhA rAtanI kAlimA nathI banI, tyAM sudhI gItanA sUrone zAMta nadInA pravAha sAthe kALanA mahAsAgaramAM aMgabhUta thaI javA kahe che. jIvananI agnijvALA UdhvapathagAmI jyoti thavAne hajI alpa samayanuM dAna bAkI hovAnuM kahe che. avirata jharato barapha mahAkALe adazya akSare lakhelI P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 445 "kALotarI' jevo emane lAge che. ("khaMDita AkAza') mahendra jozI bhoLA dekhAtA samayane bhoLo nathI gaNatA. ('taMdrA') samayanA hAthane teo tIkSNa nhora sAthe sarakhAve che. je hore kavinA mitra AnaMdane ujharaDI nAkhyo che. - kavi dinakara zAha emanA priyajana ane emanI vacce anaMta, anAdi, samayano sAgara ghUghavato hovAnuM kahe che. ('ajanavI vastImAM) kALane mRtyunA pagalAMthI paNa para mAne che teo. kALanA anaMta pravAhamAM astitvane bAMdhIne vahI javA pahelAM, ekavAra priyajanane teo maLavA mAge che. kavi jayAnaMda dave ('manogatA') smazAnane kALa-krIDAMgaNa kahe che. ("mRtyu jayamaMtra maMgala') 1979nI morabInI honArata paranA "re mayUrI morabI' kAvyamAM kALanI krIDAnA raudra bhISaNa rAsamAM nagarI vilIna thaI gayAnI vAta karI kALanA paMjAnI krUratAno paricaya Apyo che. indra gosvAmI samaye kasamaye aNadhAryA AvatA mRtyunI anizcitatAno ullekha karI, mRtyu para paNa kALanA varcasvanI vAta karI che. ('jematema' 'parathama paheluM) samayanI - sAThamArIne kAraNe badhA ja corapagale jIvatAM hovAnI vAta "cokaDI cokaDI cokaDI'mAM karAI che. - kavi dvArakezajI pAradhInA bANe kRSNa jevA kRSNanA thayelA nidhananA saMdarbhe, kALanI ajagna saritA nimiSanuM paMDa dhAraNa karI besI gaI hovAnuM kahe che. to "kALano vistAra kAvyamAM kavie kALanA vistArane ghaDapaNa jevo gaNAvyo che, ne gharane (zarIrane) purAtana darpaNa jevuM. - citrakAra kavi rAju pArekhe (kadAca kavitA') "be strIonuM kAvyamAM samayane hajAro kiraNakaNa thaI verAto, vikharato, ALoTato, havAtiyAM mArato, Ubho thaIne doDato galoTiyAM khAto, sAMja paDatAM, ratAMdhaLo banato kasyo che. (nA, samaya nathI verAto, bhramaNA che A. samaya nahIM mAnava verAya che vikharAya che. galoTiyAM khAya che. pachaDAya che) "bhayabhIta sarpa je sarakI jAya samaya' ema paNa zI rIte kahevAya ? samaya nahi, ApaNe sarakIe chIe. pasAra thaIe chIe. kAlo na jirNA, vayameva jirNA'. samaya to sarvocca che. tethI to bhagavAne "kAloDami' kahyuM. kavi AkAza Thakkare samayane "vidUSaka' kahyo che. Avo samaya hasatAM hasatAM potAne dhAradAra nakha vadhAryA karato hovAnuMya kavi kahe che. kavi jayendra mahetA samayane hajI paNa sAcavI levA kahe che. kAraNa A samaya lUMTAro tyAM dUra Ubho ja che. kALanuM kALuM vadana malakAtuM hovAnuM kavi kahe che. mRtyune kavi "kALano pukAra' kahe che. jIvananA saMvardhananI sAthe "kALa'nuM paNa saMvardhana thatuM rahe che. paNa chatAM kAvyanAyaka kALane karagaravAmAM mAnato nathI. ('motathI kAM tharatharuM) kALanI sAthe bAtha bhIDavAnI enI hAma che. "Ave bhalene kALa, sAmano karIza huM ema kahI kALane e paDakAre che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri Ms. Jun Gun Aatedhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 446 adhatana yuga - yuddhajanya mRtyu bIjuM vizvayuddha pUruM thayuM, te pachI paramANu bombanI vinAzaka asarano anubhava vizvasamagrane thayo. bhArata paNa enI aganajhALamAMthI bAkAta na ja rahI zake. bIjA vizvayuddha sarjelA vinAzathI yuropa-amerikAnA saMvedanazIla buddhijIvI varganI jIvanazraddhA mULamAMthI ukhaDI gaI hatI. jIvana vizeno abhigama badalAI gayo. AjanA kavione yuddhano koI utsAha rahyo nathI. emano viSAdayoga te yuddha pUrvano nahi, yuddha pachIno che. Adhunika kavitAnA praNetA sureza jozIne vedanA navI slarI, chatAM pote vAlmikI nathI, prAsa have hirozImA ane nAgAsAkIno ja bacyo che, evuM teoe anubhavyuM. zoka ane zloka joDavAnI have nathI Aza' koIe sarcabaddha pralaya racyo che ane tethI kavinoya laya zodhyo jaDato nathI." 3 "amAruM ghara' ('pratyaMcA)mAM sureza jozIe nAgAsAkI ane hIrozimA para paDelA bombane kAraNe thayelA vidhvaMsa ane vibhISikAno nirdeza karyo che. yuddhajanya viSAdane lIdhe mAnava potAne aMdhakAranA piMDa jevo anubhavavA lAgyo. kAvyanAyaka saune dUra bhAgI javA kahe che. kAraNa ahIM to sau pelA reDiyoekTiva aNuvisphoTanI asarathI yukta jIvyo che. kAvyanAyaka potAnuM astitvanA bhaMgAra tarIke oLakhAve che. ne karuNa kaTAkSarUpe A tIrthanI yAtrA adhUrI hovAnuM jaNAve che. itarA" (kAvya naM. 5)mAM pharI pAchI yuddhajanya sthitinI saMvedanA, sureza jozIe vyakta karI che. samagra loka, asUryaloka thaI gayo che. koNa kono zoka kare ? kavi jagadIza jozI 'tokhAra' kAvyamAM ('AkAza') yuddhottara jApAnanuM hRdayadrAvaka varNana Ape che. AkhuM rASTra yuddhe caDatAM to caDI gayuM, paNa pariNAme AkAza, dharatI, samudra valovAI rahyA, agnimAM orAI rahelo cAmaDI vagarano khullA paDI gayelA lacapaca mAMsavALo pelo tokhAra (puruSa?) Ubho Ubho ja marI gayo te divase. kavi rAvajI paTela zubhaniSTha caitanyanA svIkAra sAthe daDhabhAve yuddhavirodha kare che. yuddhanI TIkA ja nahi, yuddhamAM sakriya thatA manuSyanI mUrkhatAnI ThekaDI paNa e uDAve che. ahIM manuSya mATeno eno pakSapAta bulaMda bane che. "mileTarI kempa para abhAgiyA doDadhAma karyA kare AtmAne hAthapaga maLyA enuM pariNAma te A"? 54 kavi anila joSI paNa potAne pRthvI paranA bekaTeriyAgrasta vistAra ane kurukSetra jevA vAtAvaraNamAM pheMkI devAyA hovAno anubhava kare che. ("gesa cembara' "kadAca') mANasa vagaranA mANasa banIne jIvavAnuM to che. paNa teo kazuM ja na hovAno anubhava kare che. sitAMzu yazazcaMdra "hocIminDa mATe eka gujarAtI kavitAmAM vAkyanA varNone toDI joDI TenkanI AgekUca, pIchehaTha, vagerene varNadvArA zrutigocara kare che. A kAvyanuM bIjavAkya che "Tenka taLe kacaDAto huM'. AkhA kAvyamAM Ama to kevaLa nAdalIlA ja che. sArthaka vAkyane an - artha banAvI vyaMjanA dvArA mAnavInI sArthakatAno kaccaraghANa vaLelo batAvAyo che. bhASAne artha tirodhAnanI bhUmikA sudhI laI jaI bIje cheDe artha nipajAvavAno P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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- arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 447 prayAsa joI zakAze. DaoN. dhIrubhAI parIkha A kAvya viSe noMdhatAM lakhe che, "eka prayoga tarIke gamI jAya tevuM hovA chatAMya A prakAre kAvya karavAnI eka moTI maryAdA e che ke emAM varNajanya nAdapArakhu kAna sivAya sarjakatAno koI anya vizeSa prakaTa thaI zakato nathI" 215 tema chatAM yuddhajanya paristhitino ahIM viziSTa saMdarbha gUMcyo che. Tenka nIce kacaDAtA mAnavanI sthiti zabdabaddha nahIM avAjabaddha karI che. kavie zarUmAM TenkanI AgekUcanuM varNana, pachI TenkanI vijayakUcane aMte Tenka nIce kacaDAtA mAnavInI vedanA ane tenA maraNiyA humalAno AnaMda ne aMte TenkanI pIchehaThanuM varNana karyuM che. yuddhajanya paristhitithI trasta kavayitrI pannA nAyaka eka viziSTa kalpanA kare che. eka bALaka moTuM thaI sainika thAya, ne pachI nAnA bALakane vaherI nAkhe enA karatAM e nAnapaNathI ja marI jAya e sAruM. eka bALakane haNIne sainika ene UMcakIne jue che, pote sainika hovAno pazcAttApa anubhavatAM kahe che, bahetara che ke ahIMyA ja eno aMta Ave. kavi vipIna parIkha 1/ra/71nA "TAIma'mAM sainikanA hAthamAM enI sanAtana vijayapatAkAsamuM bALakanuM mAthuM joI dravI UThe che. kavi kahe che ("AzaMkA') sAruM che ke, mAtAo moracA para AvI nathI zakatI. kavine prazna thAya che ke zuM eka bALakanI AMkho bIjA bALaka jevI ja nirdoSa hoya che evo khyAla sainikone kadI haze kharo? meghanAda bhaTTa ('malAjo') "eka yuddhottara AkAMkSAmAM vidhvaMsanI kAlimAno citAra Ape che. ahiMsAnI nirAlaMkRta vidhAtrIne jagataratnanAM gaLAM haLavAM AbhUSaNothI navAjI devAnuM saune kahe che. nahi to javAMvIronI javAMmardI ane zahIdonI vIragati itihAsamAM pILAM caTTAka pRSThonI kALI zAhIthI kAyama mATe kaluSita thaI jaze, evI bhIti che. - guNavaMta zAha ('vismayanuM paroDha') amerikana yunivarsiTIomAM phATI nIkaLelI hiMsA vakhate eka elisana mogro nAmanI chokarIe "goLI karatAM prema suMdara nathI? evo prazna pUchI sainikanI baMdUkanA nALacA para mUkelA phUlano karuNamadhura saMdarbha TAMke che. paNa yuddhajanya krUratAnI vAta paNa kavi kahyA vinA rahI zakatA nathI. eja baMdUkanI goLIthI elisana DhaLI paDe che. paNa ene enI paravA nathI. soLa soLa pAMkhaDIo goLInuM nizAna banI jANe chedAI jAya che. kavi satIza DaNAka paNa ("ekAMtavAsa') jIvananA pILA pAka para najara TheravatAM vinAzanAM tIDane jue che. cAdara lapeTI Abha sUtuM maunanI be kAphalA moghama mahIM hasatA rahyA" 21 kavi maheza jozI (yatibhaMga') "mRtyugItamAM yuddhamAM mRtyu pAmela pati pAchaLa satI thayela strInI khumArIne vyakta kare che. ne chatAM svajanamRtyunI vedanA to tIvra ja che. kULA kALaje tIranI jema patinuM mRtyu vAgyuM che. A "sUnA vaDanI DALe jhUluM ekalI vaDavAyumAM aTake kezakalApa jo 10 atalasanA ozIkAvALA DholiyA have pati vinA sUnA thayAnI, ne satI thatI veLA pelI gharacoLAnI UDatI lAla jvAlA, vIrAMganAnI chabIne upasAve che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 448 adyatana yuga - aMjalikAvyo suzIlA jhaverI kavilokamAM pAThaka sAhebanA "chelluM darzana' kAvya vAMcIne harAvyena pAThaka kalpanA karatAM hoya tema "parakAyA praveza' nAmanuM eka aMjalikAvya race che. ("anAhata') daI aganaaMka maMgaLa, badhuMja saubhAgyanuM banyuM jIvana mAtra nA, - paNa sudhanya mRtyu thayuM" 18 priyakAMta maNiyArane aMjali ApatAM suzIlA jhaverI kahe che upaTelA raMganI ochapamAM kaNasI rahyAM maghamaghatAM cAMdalo ne cUDI ... phUlonI phorama ahIM ochI paDI ke tame - jhAkaLanI jema gayA UDI" 19 - caMdrA jADejA gAMdhIne aMjali ApatAM ('amRtanI helI') jaDatAnA kaNakaNane eka sparze jIvatuM karanArane yAda kare che. hiMsAnI hAramAM paNa gAMdhIjI duniyAnI dIvI jevuM jIvana jIvyAno ahobhAva vyakta thayo che. kavi makaraMda dave rilkanI saMginI benanuTAne aMjali ApatAM ('saMgati') priyatamAe premIne ApelI kasakabharI vidAyane yAda kare che. pRthvIlokamAM kavinI jIvanasaMginIe haiye Aga dharI, sthULa mRtyunI sAme premano vijaya gAyo. ne premasmaraNo dvArA jIvananuM saMgIta racyuM. kavi jagadIza jozI Freedom at Midnight' vAMcyA pachI gAMdhIjInI aMtima vedanAnA citkArarUpe bAne aMjali ApatuM kAvya race che. sadgata bAne jANe bApu pUche che bA, mArAM jIvanasaMginI bA tame ? paNa Arasa bolyo nahIM" 220 gAMdhI iravIna karArathI guracaranasiMghane sau prathama lAbha maLyo, ne phAMsIne mAMcaDethI e pAcho vaLyo, ne tyArathI e gAMdhIjInI pAchaLa pAchaLa pharyo. gAMdhIjIe chellA zvAsa lIdhA te A gurucaranasiMghanA khoLAmAM. "khoLAmAM lenAra bhAI tuM che koNa ? e praznanA javAbamAM gurucaranasiMdha kahe che. "huM to pelo isu ja chuM bApu jene tame krUsa upara jaDAI jatAM chellI ghaDIe bacAvyo huM isu chuM, mArA tathAgatanI zodhamAM, bApu pANI pAuM" ? rasa kavi nATyakAra zeksapiyarane cAraso varSa pUrAM thatAM, e nimitte raghuvIra caudharI aMjali Ape che. ("zeksapiyara-cAra vedanA') jemAM zeksapiyare vRddha thayA vinA anubhavelI cAra cAra mRtyunI vedanAne zabdabaddha karAI che. kavivara ravIndranAthanI puNyatithi nimitte raghuvIra "icchAmatIne tIre' kAvya race che. navajAta zizune khotI mAtAno sAda kavine kAne P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 449 paDyo hato. padmA ke meghanAne dhIre vahevAnuM kavi have kahI zakatA nathI. raghuvIrane zraddhA che ke muktivIroe vAvelI emanI kAyAo e urvarabhUmimAM kyAreka to e Ugaze ja, ne tyAre smRtimAMthI sarI AvIne upasI Avaze prAcInA bhAlamAM eka raktatilaka. ne enA ujAsamAM pachI kavi gAI UThaze "marite cAInA Ami suMdara bhuvane" 22 kavi harikRSNa pAThaka rAvajIne pArijAtanI gaMdha sAthe sarakhAve che. ('rAvajIne') "otarAdA ozIkAM karI gayo Akhare poDhI' (pR. 96 "sUraja kadAca Uge') bhaDabhaDatI ceha sAme, bhInI AMkhe badhA e alagArIne vaLAvyAnI kSaNane yAda karI le che. rAvajInuM zarIra bhale na hoya, paNa e layanA khAtaramAMthI khIlelAM sAcA zabdalokanAM phUla have phoryA karavAnA, e zraddhA jarUra che. kavi caMdrakAMta zeTha "rAvajI' nAmanuM aMjalikAvya Ape che. ('pavana rUperI") kavi prazna kare che. mananuM rUpa vAvIne koLI UThelo e kavi mATImAMya Tharaze kharo ? rAvajI nIMdaramAMya ujaLuM marakI rahyo dekhAya che, ne enI lukhkhI AMkhomAM kavine khetaranA lIlAmola dekhAyA. "ATa ATalA kASTha vacALe, kASTha banIne sUto vALAmAM javALA the haDahaDa pUgyo" 23 badhAM kASTha para koka ajape pharI vaLIne phikkA hAthe kazAkane AliMgana devA mathato hArI, thAkI, hAMphI pAcho, zAMta bhasmamAM zAMta paDIne sato 224mI che e caMdrakAMte "Ama thAya ke ?kAvya sadUgata citrakAra zrI zivabhAI paMDyAnI smRtimAM lakhyuM. kenavAsanA avakAze zveta avakAza banI pote kyAM bhaLyA ? kyAM chUTayA ?' jarAka raMgabharyo pratisAda, jarAka hoMkAro sAMbhaLavA teo utsuka che. ('paDaghAnI pele pAra') : kavi maNilAla desAIe keneDInI hatyA saMdarbhe "to pachI cAlo' nAmanuM aMjalikAvya racyuM. jemAM "kabarathI jIvatA thaI bahAra nIkaLavAno eTale ke, keneDI jIvatA hovAno, marI na gayAno, anubhava karatA kavi kahI UThe che. "phUlo koI zAne mUkI jAya che" ? 224-ba lAlabahAdura zAstrInA avasAna samaye kabUtare sthira mRtavat banI bhoma para naLiyAM jema besI rahyAnuM maNilAla varNave che. je zAMtidUta paNa TharI gayAnuM pratIka che. rAvajI paTela maNilAlane aMjali ApatAM "kavitA" banIne dila kholavA sadgatane vinave che. bAvaLanAM pILAM, phUla thaIne rAvajInA zaizavane jANe e gAto, rAvajI kahe che. "tuM mArI mATIno jAyo mATInA stanamAM kyAM saMtAyo"? 225 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

Page #451
arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 450 "samAyo' nahIM "saMtAyo' kahetA kavine e mitra pharI jaDaze nI AzA che. maNilAlanuM mRtyu temaja kavitA baMne rAvajIne DasI gayA che. kavi rameza pArekhe rAvajInI asarane bhAvavibhora banI bharapUra jhIlI che. "rAvajIno kAvyasaMgraha vAMcatAM ('khaDiMga') nAmanuM aMjalikAvya rameza pArekha Ape che. eka bAju auSadha pIto kavi polo polo lAge. eka tALIe, jUThuM buThuM rAvajInuM mayaNuM jhIle che, ne bIjI bAju rAvajIne.... kaI bAjuthI jhIlavA ? rAvajInI lipinI baLI gayelI suMdarIo hajuya vaLa nathI melatI. "huM ya rAvajI, baLIne bhaDathuM thayela mUI cakalI mATe nagara nagara rajhaLIne jone, capaTIka rAI mAguM" 2 (8/9/71) ahI svajanamRtyune khALavAno prayAsa vyartha puravAra thayAnuM sUcavAya che. sadgata umAzaMkarane aMjali ApatAM rameza pArekha ('girA nadIne tIra' "maLIzuM" pUrti 9) badhI vyaMjanAo zUnya najare jotI kavinI pathArI pAse nata mastake UbhA rahyAnuM kavi kahyuM che. kavi anila jozI ("kadAca') maNilAlane aMjali ApatAM, sadUgata mitrane vAlamano hariyALo kola AvyAnuM kahe che. mRtyune kavi "hariyALo kola' kahe che. rAvajIne aMjali ApatAM kavi anila jozI, mAnavanA zarIrane, uMbare paDela saMjavArI sAthe sarakhAve che. jene melI sau cAlyuM jatuM hoya che. rAvajInI A pRthvI paranI yAtrA adhUrI hovAnuM kahe che. pannA nAyaka "priyakAntane' ('philADelphiA') aMjali ApatAM kahe che. meLAne vismayathI pUrNapaNe bhogavatA koI bALakane hAtha kheMcI meLAnI bahAra ghasaDI janAra mRtyune AvuM kema sUjhatuM haze? e samajAtuM nathI. prasiddha raMgakarmI "pravINa jozIne aMjali ApatAM pannA nAyaka ('philADelphiA') evI kalpanA kare che ke saghaLo sAmAna sTezana para choDI, sAthe kazuMya lIdhA vinA, koIneya lIdhA vinA ekaloja (AkhI TrenamAM) sUto sUto AMkha mIMcI baMdha hoThe jIvananA eka avanavA nATakanI skrIpTane mamaLAvato jANe cAlyo jAya che. pAblo nerudA' vipIna parIkhanuM karaNakaTAkSa sabhara aMjalikAvya che. sattAdhIzonI vAhavAha na karanAra pAblone viziSTa zailImAM ahIM aMjali apAI che. varSo pachI kadAca eka bIjI sarakAra AvI pAblone kabaramAMthI UbhA karI lazkarI salAmI sAthe zAhI dabadabAthI pAblone rASTranA mahAna kavi tarIke jAhera karaze... ....paNa tyAM sudhI to pAblone zAMtithI sUI rahevAnuM che. loko gAMdhIjIne sahejamAM bhUlI gayAnI vedanA mAdhava rAmAnuje "30 jAnyuArI 1970mAM rajU karI che. ('tame') gAMdhIjInI hatyA eka kSaNamAM thaI, kavi prazna kare che e vakhate gAMdhIjInA zvAsanI chellI gati kaMpI haze? kavi zazizivam "rAvajIne aMjali ApatAM ("rUparomAMca) comera phelAyelI jIvananI verAnInI vAta kare che. lIlA kya madhuravA e choDavAnI AgaLa pAchaLa kevaLa mRgajaLa * ja mRgajaLa hovAnuM kavi kahe che. "priyakAntane aMjali ApatAM zazizivam eka zaTara arthe baMdha karatAM, bIjuM AkhuM jIvananuM) acAnaka baMdha thaI javAno valopAta kare che. phUlane P.P. Ag. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

Page #452
arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 451 gaTagaTAvI janAraneya aMte phUlothI DhabUravAnuM kevuM varavuM lAgatuM ? gAMdhIjIne aMjali ApatAM karaNakaTAkSa karatAM kavi caMdrazaMkara bhaTTa gAMdhIne nAme saue rAja laIne, badalAmAM emane kevaLa eka ghATa, ApyAnI vyathAne vyakta kare che. - kavi manoja khaMDeriyA ("aTakaLa') rAvajIne aMjali arpatAM ('rAvajIsmRti') lAla caNoThIthI TekarIo zaNagAravAnI vAta kare che. kavi kahe che dUra kSitije kavi rAvajI lAla kazuM nIrakhaze, ne enI AMkhe lAla caNoThInA sUraja Ugaze. kavi phakIramahammada manasurI ("ijana") "pU. bhAIkAkAne aMjali ApatAM emane cArutara bhUminA "jigara' kahe che. svapnazilpI bhAIkAkAnA pauruSe cArutaranI dharA siMcAI hovAnuM teo kahe che. "vallabhavidyAnagarImAM paNa nagarInI vAta karatAM, parokSa rIte bhAIkAkAne ja aMjali apAI che. kavi yazavaMta trivedI sva. maNilAla desAIne aMjali ApatAM "ahIMthI akALe kharI paDeluM e phUla ekAeka AkAzamAM UgI gayAnuM kahe che. ha rAne rIjI" paNa maNilAlane apAyelI aMjali che. jemAM maNilAlane eka gIta gUMthI ApavAnI vinaMti karAI che. emanAM chAnAM gItono laya dADamaDInAM phUlanuM kesara thaIne kUde che dezavaTAnuM gIta gUMthI ApavA aMte vinaMti karAI che. zeline aMjali ApatAM kavi yazavaMta trivedIe zelinI jalazayA taLe samayanI devI kalpAMta karatI hoya evI kalpanA karI che. "sIDanahAma kaoNleja' Ayojita "kalApI zatAbdI mahotsavamAM kalApIne aMjali ApatAM kAvyo yazavaMte vAMcyAM hatAM. jemAM kalApIne teoe "jogI ThAkura' tarIke biradAvelA. ramA ane zobhanAne kalApInI ane vizva kavitAnI "premalipi' tarIke teo oLakhAve che. kalApInA mRtyune yAda karatAM kavi lakhe che. dasamI jUna ogaNIsonI lathaDatI rAta chavvIsa varasanI chAtImAM lIlA kAca agnino DAgha" 27 duniyAnI tamAma strIonA eka nAma tarIke "mInAkumArI'nA nAmane oLakhAvatA kavi yazavaMta trivedI mInAkumArIne aMjali ApatAM lakhe che. "tame khUba thAkI gayA hazo eTaleja cAlIsame varSe jiMdagIne mAIlasTonamAM UbhI rAkhI khuda cAlI nIkaLyAM" 228 mInAkumArI have eka Myth' banI gayAnuM teo kahe che. kavi kahe che. "pAlI hila parathI hajAro Aziko tamAro janAjo laI hamaNAM nIce, Utaraze mInA, paNa have tame nahIM ho" 229 rilkanI priyatamAne uddezIne vAta karatAM kavi aMte to rilkane ja aMjali Ape che. kavi kahe che. kAvyanAyaka sAdhvIonAM vastro paherI zokAMtikAo gAtAM haze, tyAre teo pharIne P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

Page #453
arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 0 452 janma leze. meghANIbhAInI paMcoteramI janmajayaMtI nimitte zraddhAMjali arpatAM, meghANIbhAInI vedanAno cahero devaLamAM baLatI mINabattI jevo hovAnuM kavi kahe che. godhUliTANe koInA lADakavAyAnI ArasakhAMbhI para meghANI lohInA akSare kavitA lakhatA, A kavine dekhAya che. "paridevanA' nAmano Akho kAvyasaMgraha priyakAMtane apAyelI zraddhAMjaliono che. (priyakAnta 9/1/27 janma, 25/6/76 mRtyu) priyakAMtane kavi phUlanA pavananA laya tarIke - oLakhAve che. AkAzanA paryAya banIne UbhelA priyakAMta, A kavine dekhAya che. priyakAMta potAnI kavitA dvArA amRtatattvanuM ucita vasiyatanAmuM karyAnuM kavi kahe che. priyakAMtanuM jalAzaya' vAMcI yazavaMta trivedInI AMkha bhInI thaI jAya che. A phUlanA kavie adhakhullA ardhabIDyA jagatanuM pratIkAtmaka zaTara pADI dIdhuM. ne teo priya rahasyamayanA (paramAtmA) sAnnidhyamAM phUlano pavana thaIne cAlI nIkaLyA. phalorAphAunTana parathI priyakAnta pasAra thatA hovAno AbhAsa kavine thAya che. pAchaLa doDe che, paNa priyakAnta to vacce varasAdamAM - koNa jANe kyAMya nIkaLI gayA. nahitara e to lhAvo hoya priyakAnta ! ke tame jatA ho ane jaLAzaya sudhI huM vaLAvavA, AvuM - ne pAchaLa vaLuM tyAM to ApaNI AMkho chalakAI jAya paNa tame to.... vidAya lIdhA vagara javAno artha zo thAya, priyakAnta? 230 kavi pravINa darajI bApune aMjali ApatAM eka prazna kare che. ("cIsa') "zuM saMtanuM janmavuM cheka vaMdhya'? gAMdhIne kavi manukuLanA viSa pInAra ziva tarIke oLakhAve che. | kavi hasamukha maDhIvALA gAMdhIjI pratyeno ahobhAva vyakta karatAM bApune prazna kare che. "svargavAsI cho? svargamAM rahelA bApune lokonI avadazA jovA teo vinave che. kema nayana mIMco cho bApu * zuM lAge, A dazya taNo ye bhAra"? 23 kavayitrI IndumatI mahetA "vasaMta' zabdane bevaDI rIte prayojI enIbesaMTane (thiyosophIkala sosAyaTInA pramukha) aMjali Ape che. kavayitrI emane bhavanA sAgaranI jhaLakatI dIvaDI tarIke biradAve che. uramAM vasaMta pragaTAvI, jaganI e vasaMta AbhanI aTArIe UDI gayAnuM teo kahe che. bhagavataprasAda cauhANa "kavi priyakAntane aMjali ApatAM, puSpapAMdaDI jevI saMvedanA khulavAnI anubhUti kare che. "azabdarAtrimAM AkAza paNa svapnila raMgone AMkhamAM AMjatuM hoya ema lAge che. sadgata kavinA raktanA buMdebuMde nityanUtana rUpe phore che, pharake che, chalake che. kavi lAlabhAI paTela gAlIbanA arpaNanI sugaMdhe pote masta thayAnuM kahe che. P.P.Ag Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

Page #454
arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 453 ('gAlIbane) sarvatra gAlIbanA nAmathI kaLIo mahekatI teo jue che. mahephilo gAlIbanuM nAma laI ghelI banaze evI temanI zraddhA che. A pIyUSa paMDyAe kRSNagAMdhI joDenI vAtacItanI kalpanA karI che. rAjaghATa para viSTi karatA kRSNa jotajotAmAM, netAone saMsadabhavanamAM maLI, pavanavege ratha doDAvatA viSTi saphala thatAM, himAlaya-paMthe cAlyA gayAnI kavi kalpanA kare che. ('kasaka) paralokathI gAMdhIbApuno patra'mAM kavayitrI rakSA dave 12mI ogasTe bApune AvelA eka svapnanI kalpanA kare che. jemAM jhaMDAvaMdana karatI vakhate dorI kheMcatAM phUlone badale UnAM jalabiMdu TapakyAMnI vedanA vyakta thaI che. "sva. saradAra paTelane nivedanamAM saradArane pharI polAda samI saMkalpazakti laI goNiyAnA goLA jevI vAkazakti laI janmavA vinaMti karAI che. "sva. iMdirA gAMdhIne apAyelI zraddhAMjali kevaLa prazaMsAsabhara sAmAnya kAvya banI rahe che. rakSako vaDe ja iMdirA gAMdhInI hatyA thatAM, kavayitrI kahe che ke tyArathI zabdakoza'mAMthI "rakSaka' zabda mRtyu pAmyo. ("prArthanA') lokottara vyaktitvanA jhaLahaLa dIvA alhAbAdathI himagiri sudhI iMdirAjIe pragaTAvyAnuM kahetAM kavayitrI atizayoktinI parAkASThA sarje che. kavayitrI tarulatA paTele mahAmanA saMnyAsI pU. moTAne, kavi priyakAnta maNiyArane tathA kavizrI nhAnAlAlane bhAvabharI aMjali arpI che. hAnAlAlane teo "gUrjara girAnA siratAja' kahe che. priyakAnta jatAM gUrjaragirAno moralo UDI gayAno anubhava teo kare che. to pU. moTAne kaLiyuganA rAma tarIke biradAvatAM kavayitrI pU. moTAne jarApaNa vIsarI zakatA nathI. meghanAda bhaTTanA " sata pitAne' kAvyamAM svAnubhUta karuNA nIpajI AvI che. kavi pitAe AtmahatyA karI tyAre, potAnI uMmara mAtra cauda varSanI hatI. emanA zabdakozamAM A zabda zI rIte samAya ? "avasAnanA avasAdane atikramI jatuM maraNottara svapnaprayANa karavAne badale zuM zvAsa lIdhe rAkhuM chuM" 232 * rAmu paMDita 1976nA navembarathI ra7mInA "komarsa' sAptAhikamAM sata e vI. desAIne ApelI aMjali vAMcI meghanAda bhaTTa "avidA' kAvya race che. jemAM aMtima sAmAna baMdhAI gayAnI, kazI leNadeNa bAkI na rahyAnI, TikiTa AvI gayAnI, tathA pleTaphormanI lAITe lIluM toraNa bAMdhI dIdhAnI vAta dvArA pratIkAtmaka rIte mRtyunA Agamanano saMketa karyo che. . - "chevaTe TreIna AvI gaI ne, musAphara upaDI gayo - a...re bhUlI gayo e kazuMka pleTaphorma para? sugaMdhathI tarabatara to te gulono guccho A ....konA astitvanI e eNka ? 233 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri mis Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 454 mu. sureza ha. jozIne aMjali ApatAM kavi meghanAda bhaTTa ('malAjo') gaI kAle Ugelo sUrya Aje AthamI gayAno, ne samudramAM vizALa eka vartuLAkAra zamI gayAno anubhava kare che. "hamIrane aMjali ApatAM kavi meghanAda bhaTTa hamIre svIkArelI mRtyunI hUMDI mATe valopAta kare che. laukika dRSTie hamIra svargastha chatAM, enAM smaraNo zAzvata rahevAnAM, evI zraddhA che. jitendra vyAsa kavi maNiyAranI ja kAvyapaMkti vaDe 'sva. priyakAntabhAIne' aMjali Ape che. "parNa' e ja pakva, "je vasaMtamAM kharyAmAM gUDha saMketa pamAya che. vasaMtamAM kharatuM pAna ja "paripakva pUrNatvathI sabhara' e jANe teoe potAnA prayANa dvArA siddha karI batAvyuM. jitendra vyAsa "kavi nhAnAlAlane "rAjahaMsa' tarIke oLakhAve che. jemanI kavitA racA samAna hovAthI gurjara girA dhanya banyAnuM gaurava kavine maLyuM che. kavi rAdhezyAma zarmAe "gharaaniruddhanuM bilimore'mAM aniruddhanA vyakticitrane emanA avasAnanI viSAdapaLa sAthe gUMthI ApyuM che. ("saMcetanA') "kavi priyakAntane apAyelI aMjalimAM kavi priyakAntanI gorA vAnane ToDale ghanIbhUta kALI bhammaro potAnA haiyAmAM soMsarI UtarI gayAnuM rAdhezyAma kahe che. "gAya, ne rAtImAtI cUDIne phADI rahyo, AvI rahyo siMha" 234 siMha ahIM yamadUtanuM pratIka banI rahe che. - kavi dalapata cauhANa bAbAsAheba AMbeDakarane aMjali ApatAM ("to pachI saMgraha) AMbeDakaranI vaja samI polAdI pAMkho, pote meLave evI vAMchanA vyakta kare che. ('zikhara para ja mota zobhe', AMbeDakarane teo "achUta sUraja' kahe che. rAmaprasAda dave ('tanmaya' saMgraha) mitra janArdana vaidya ane sva. bahAdurazAha paMDitanI mRtine aMjali arpe che. e baMne "sArasvato' satata UdhvayAtrAmAM joDAyelA hovAnuM kavi kahe che. aniruddha brahmabhaTTa ('kimapi') rAvajIne enI ja taLapadI bhASAmAM aMjali arpI che. jIvana ane mRtyu baMne sAme rAvajI satata jhajhUmyAno ullekha kavie karyo che. "rAvajI kAyA mATI kAcI' kahetA kavi mAnavamAtranA zarIranI nazvaratA pratye ApaNuM dhyAna dore kavi indukumAra trivedIe "kavi TI. esa. eliyaTane aMjali arpI che. kavi vyathita haiye lakhe che. dharaNI hajI enI e ja "mabhUmi-" priyakAMta acAnaka "pratIka maLe tema potAne maLyA hovAnuM kahetA kavi, anyonyanAM kavihRdayane paraspare oLakhyAM hovAnI pratIti kare che, "gAMdhI' nAmanA nAnA kAvyamAM gAMdhIjInI zahAdatane aMjali apAI che. jemAM satyamaya sUrajanA kiraNane pAmavA palepala tapanAra teo Akhare "he rAma' kahI "kiraNa hai kiraNamAM bhaLI gayAnuM kavi kahe che. "kavi oDenanI smRtimAM lakhAyelA kAvyamAM dhasamasatA pravRttimaya jagata ane bIjI bAju haMmeza mATe poDhI gayelA kavino virodhAbhAsa kavie racI Apyo che. pula nIcethI dhIme vahI P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 455 rahelI zAMta nadI, ne bIjI bAju haMmeza mATe sUI gayelA kavi "phUlapAMkhaDInI soDamAM pataMgiyuM jANe poDhI gayuM che. kavi sUI gayA che paNa kAvya to jAge che. kavayitrI prIti senaguptAe 'anavara sadAtanA mRtyu para' nAjuka saMvedanabharyuM kAvya racyuM che. kavayitrI kahe che arerATInA avAjanI bhASA zIkhavAnI nathI hotI jenA hAthathI e ThokAya che, te juDAsa dezavidezamAM janmato are ! kema aTakato nathI" ? 234 kavi mahendra jozI emanA mitra AnaMda mahetAne aMjali ApatAM "aMdhArA ghora' taMdrA') mAnava mAtrane bhUlAM paDelAM paMkhI tarIke oLakhAve che. samaye enA tIkSNa hora vaDe mitra AnaMdane ujharaDI nAkhyAnI vedanA kavi anubhave che. sva. vaDApradhAna zrImatI iMdirAbahena gAMdhInI aMtima kriyA joI kavi dinakara zAha "astitvano prakAza' nAmanuM kAvya race che. iMdirAjInA avasAna sAthe kSitija para astitvano prakAza samudranI gahana UMDAImAM emane jANe DUbato lAgyo. kavayitrI suzIlAblena pAThaka cArunhana yoddhAne aMjali ApatAM "mana mAruM paMkhInuM) kahe che. "cAravhena gayAM che ja kyAM' ? ('amArAM cArunhana') cArunhananI yAtrA anaMta, ne kAryo jIvaMta hovAnI teo zraddhA dharAve che. kavayitrIne hajuya emanA haiyAnA dhabakAra saMbhaLAya che. kavi niraMjana bhaTTa "sva. kavi zrI rASTrIya zAyara meghANIne aMjali ApatAM ("sUrajanA zaheramAM') zAyara sAthe baMdhAyelI uraprItano saMdarbha yAda kare che. meghANI jatAM raMga AMsu thaIne DhoLAtA lAgyA. ne saMgIta banIne jANe ogaLyA. pelAM vihaMgoya emanA mRtyunA AghAte valavalyA. kavi jayAnaMda davee "to kavitA lajave'mAM ("manogatA') sva. mahAtmA gAMdhIjI, tathA sva. saradAra vallabhabhAI paTelane aMjali ApatAM baMne vibhUtinA guNagAna gAyA che. "paLyo ahithI tyahIMmAM jayAnaMda davee gAMdhIjInI prathama saMvatsarI nimitte zraddhAMjali ApI che. e prasanna smitojjavala mukha kavinI najaramAMthI khasatuM nathI. - kavi upendra paMDyAe "gAMdhIjInI chabI pAse kAvyamAM ('jharamara') gAMdhIjIne aMjali ApavAne bahAne, potAnI ja kIrtilAlasA saMtoSanArAo para kaTAkSa karyo che. zrI araviMdane zraddhAMjali ApatAM be kAvyomAMnA pahelAmAM zrI araviMdane kavi upendra paMDyA prasanna mAnasarovara tarIke biradAve che. zrI araviMda jatAM cArebAju narI riktatA chavAyAnI sthitinuM kavi varNana kare che. bIjA kAvyamAM vaLI pAchuM kavi vicAre che ke zrI araviMde kareluM kazuM phogaTa javAnuM nathI. tethI dharA raMka nahi bane. "sva. maNilAla na. dvivedInI janmazatAbdIe" paNa aMjalikAvya che. maNilAlane kavi "megha' samA kahe che. emanI janmazatAbdIne TANe e brahmameghanuM maMgalavarSaNa gurjarI kuMjamAM thAya evuM teo prArthe che. kavi meghANIne' kAvyamAM upendra paMDyA, meghANI savAI rIte jIvI gayAnA gauravane yAda kare che. tapta raMka dharatInA urane ThAravA kadIka AvavA nimaMtraNa Ape che. "zeline aMjali P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. . Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 0 456 ApatAM upendra paMDyA caMdrane joI dravatA caMdrakAMta maNi jevI rasAmRta jharatI zelinI kavitAne biradAve che. zeli bharayauvane gayA, bAkI rahenAranuM to ghaNuM ja gayuM. kavi kahe che, paNa janAraneya ochuM gumAvavAnuM na hatuM. bhIkhu kapoDiyA rAvajI paTelanI puNyatithie aMjali ApatAM ('ane bhaumitikA') jhUlatA kUMDAnA adhapAkyA dUdhabharelA dANe kUMNA zabdo thaI rAvajI phUTayo hovAnuM kavi kahe che. sadgatano prema ane kavitAne sAcavIne enuM jatana karavAnI rAvajInI rItane kavi prazaMse che. - kavi dvArakeza "yAdanA nakha che vIse vIsamAM ('lITI laga laMbAyAM) vijubrena gaNAtrAnA avasAna saMdarbhe, vijuvhena sAthenA snehasaMbaMdhanAM dajhADatAM smaraNone vAcA Ape che. yAdonA vasavIsa nakha emane pIMkhI nAkhe che. vijubahenanA pANI pocA haiyAne teo bhUlI zakatA nathI. "vijuvhena rikta nadI hatAM' vidhinI bhIMsa vadhI, vijubahenanA zabda zabda saMvedananI bhramaNA dAjhatI. - kavi citrakAra rAju pArekha ('kadAca kavitA') "benjAmina molAIsane apAyelI phAMsIthI trasta thaI emane aMjali Ape che. karNakaTAkSa karatAM kavi kahe che hA, sau ema to, dezavidezI lokazAhI, sAmyavAdI, nAnI moTI, kALI, dhoLI zAsaka sarakAra, yuno, yunesko, komanavelthanI agaNya pariSado domadamAmadAra be miniTa zoka-mauna Ujavaze. ("Ujavaze' zabda kavi sahetuka vApare che, mRtyu eka joNuM banI jAya che kyAreka) zokasabhAne bIje ja divase pachI e ja kALAdhoLAnI zAzvata sUga zarU thavAnI, enI kavine khabara DaoN. dhIrubhAI parIkha ('ughADa) priyakAMtane aMjali ApatAM, sadgata kavinI dhodhavANI jevA bolane yAda kare che. have e bola to ujaDIbakhola banI gayA. kavi dhIrabhAI kahe che "mAnavIne mAnavIno ATalo ja saMga, kavi kema krUra thayA? evo prazna jAge che. paNa pachI tarata samajAya che priyakAMta to gayA ja kyAM che ? phUlamAM rahelI suvAsanI jema teo to pAse ja che. - kavi maheza jozI (yatibhaMga') DaoN. jayaMta khatrIne judIja rIte aMjali Ape che. ArasanAM udAsaphUla, sadgatanA oraDAnI bahAra beThelA mRtyue upADI lIdheluM laMgara, ne dUra dUra, pharatA zveta saDha para janAjo UThAvI laI janAranI AMkhonI beThelI udAsInuM varNana vedhaka che. oraDAnI vistaratI dIvAlo, sugaMdha gumAvI cUkelAM puSpo, eka paNa saLa vinAnuM sadgatanuM bichAnuM, DAghuonI kAMdha para UThAvI javAtuM e zaba, . sadgatanI gerahAjarIne bolakI karI de che. kavi kahe che. "tamArA gharanI bahArI dIvAla sAthe zarIra ghasato mahiSa pratikULa havA suMghavA lAge ne, pharIthI zveta zaDhavALuM maMtharagativahANa mAMDavInA bArAmAM lAMgare... lAMgaryuM ja haze. paNa have Aje to P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 457 emanA bichAnA para dhIre dhIre raNareta kharyA kare che. ne zAzvata janAjo UThAvI laI jAya che A DAdhuo nakazIrSa cAlatA A DAghuomAM huM mane oLakhI kADhuM chuM" 230 adyatanayuga : svamRtyu kalpanA kavi makaraMda dave kalpanA kare che ke kadAca Aje teo marI jAya to to kAvyanI eka kaDI ahIM vilupta thAya, ne bIje vaLI e ja kAvya bane. potAnA mRtyu pachI koIka potAnAM bhajana vakhANaze, koI vakhoDaze. smazAnamAMthI paNa beeka majAka karI levAnI icchA thAya, paNa prANavihoNA vadane vaMdana zI rIte karI zakAya ? potAnA mRtyu vize, ne potAnI uttarakriyA vize taTastha rIte vicAravuM ke kalpavuM duSkara chatAM ramya anubhava che. jagadIza jozIe potAnI uttarakriyA joyAnI kalpanA karI che. ('huM jouM chuM mArI uttarakriyA') bhaDabhaDa baLatI citA pAse mANaso vAto karatA haze, paNa mRtyu pAmelI vyaktinA kAna to sAMbhaLI zakavAnA nathI. smazAnamAM pravezatAM ja maMdira Avaze, paNa maranArane e maMdira nahi dekhAya. enAthI hAtha paNa na joDI zakAya. kavi lAbhazaMkara pratIkAtmaka rIte svamRtyu kalpanA kare che. "paNakadAca AvatI kAle acAnaka huM jamInadosta thaI jAuM tyAre mArA para vizrabdhatAthI racAyelA aneka nIDara naSTa thaI jaze tame kahezo prakAzathI to vRkSano vikAsa thAya che paNa mRtyu pAmIne huM eno InkAra karIza" 238 ToLAM avAja ghoghATa'nA pahelA vibhAganA aMtima kAvyamAM lAbhazaMkare svamRtyukalpanA karI che. mRtyu thatAM indriyo caitanya gumAvI bese che. haiyuM khAlIkhama thaI jAya, astitvanA badhAM ja baMdhana tUTI jAya che. dehaImAratanA naLiyA khUTI paDe che. "AtmaprakAza'nI vAta para kaTAkSa karatAM teo kahe che. khaTamAsa UMghamAM gALiyA re jaNa jIvojI ....bhaDabhaDa cehamAM bALiyA re jaNa jIvojI amathAM alakha ajavALiyAM re jaNa jIvojI" 239 kavi rameza pArekhano kAvyanAyaka svamRtyu thayA pachI potAnuM zuM thAya che, eno jANe AMkhe dekhyo hevAla ApatA hoya ema vigato rajU kare che. "huM marI gayo aMtariyALa P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 458 madhyavaye thayelA mRtyunI (athavA rastAmAM thayelA mRtyunI vAta) kalpAI che. dunyavI ziSTAcAranI vAta karatAM kAvyanAyaka kahe che, pote sAro mANasa hato, nakhamAMya roga nahi, ne marI gayo. punarjanmanI vicAradhArA para kaTAkSa karatAM A kavi vedhaka zailImAM lakhe che. "huM binavArasI ne jIva sAlo koIne peTa paDI suMvALA suMvALA jalasA karato haze paNa kAko pharI avataraze ne mANasIgIrI karaze, hIhIhI" 240 ahIM maravAnI kalpanA, marI gayAnI bhramaNA, ne pachI pAchA jIvatA hovAnI pratIti thAya. "bharI sabhAmAM cUpa' marasiyA prakAranuM kAvya che. kAvyanAyaka potAnA saMbhAvI mRtyunuM ahIM varNana kare che. ne potAnA maraNanuM marasiyuM gAya che. potAnI maiyatamAM pote DAdhu banI pAchaLa pAchaLa javAnI kalpanA karatAM kavi kahe che A to maiyatanA mAmalA . * te DAghuono veza paherI vAMhovAMhe hAlyo mAro DAvuchApa sva" 1 rameza pArekhe svamRtyukalpanAneya majAkarUpe vyakta karI che. karNakaTAkSa paNa kharo ja. ne saMdhIya mAyA ThaThI rahI chaDecoka Ama" 242 ramaNIyatA sabhara kAmarU dezanI vAta mRtyu pachInA svarganI kalpanAno kaTAkSasabhara nirdeza kare che. jIva zarIrane bhaDabhaDa baLavAnuM kahe che. potAnI khAMbhI, gaDhI, gaDha, khasUDI pAgha, khesa, veza badhuMja akhiyAtuM-mubAraka hovAnuM jaNAvato A jIva sAcuM kahe che. "traNa akSaranI chAMyaDI ne tenI nIce huM kaMTha tUTI kaTakA thayo pItAM chAnI lU chAnI lU pIdhI ame ne pragaTa thayAM je rUpa tene kAraNa lyo ame bharI sabhAmAM cUpa" 43 kavayitrI pannA nAyaka potAnA mRtyunI kalpanA karatAM, iSTadevanI mUrti samIpa roja savAre ghIno dIvo pragaTAvatAM, AMkha pAse bhaDabhaDa baLatI citA jue che. tene potAnA ja mRtyunI ghaTanA akSarabaddha thAya che) "mArAM vastro sarI paDe che' kahyA pachI "zarIra sarI paDe che' kahevAnI jarUra nahi. "bAhu prasArI koI emane samAvI le che, ne dharatI para rahI jAya che mAtra rAkha' zarIra bhasmIbhUta thaI jAya che. 243 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 0459 ApaNe nizcita kalAke ja pahoMcIe chIe - yamarAjane dvAra" ja khUba sAmAnya vAta che A to, kAvyatvanI koI camatkRti ahIM nathI. - kavi zazizivama (caMdrazaMkara bhaTTa) jotajotAmAM 60 zrAvaNa pasAra thaI jatAM ('60 mA zrAvaNe) ("zvAsano zvAsa') potAnAM ja aneka mRtyasvarUpone jue che. pratyeka zrAvaNe potAnA ja mRtyumAM snAna karyAnI teo vAta kare che. kavi bhagavatIkumAra zarmA paNa potAnI zokasabhAnI vAta kare che. ("be kadAcanI vacce mArI zokasabhA) jemAM samAjanI vAstavikatA, tathA karNakaTAkSa jovA maLe che. be miniTanuM mauna savA miniTamAM pUruM thAya che. zokasabhA kevaLa ziSTAcAra banI jAya che. ghaNA aghatana kavioe svamRtyunI kalpanA karI che. sudhIra desAI paNa potAne smazAne laI jatA mitronI kalpanA ('galIne nAke') kare che. jiMdagInA pataMgiyAne ucheratA kAvyanAyaka mitronI khAMdhe cAlI jatI potAnI nanAmI jovAnI taTasthatA tathA svasthatA dhAraNa karI zake che. kavi nItina mahetAe pote mRtyu pAmelI hAlatamAM maLI AvyAnA samAcAranI ("vaMcanA'), "ne bIje divase kharekhara daravAjA bahAra marelI hAlatamAM maLyAnI anubhUti karatA hoya evI kalpanA karI che. kavi maphata ojhAnA "azubha' kAvyasaMgrahamAM satata svamRtyukalpanA karAI che. potAnA mRtyunA saMdezAo, kALotarI vagere poteja mokalI ApyAnI vAta teo kare che. je svamRtyunA svastha citte thatA svIkAranuM sUcaka che. svamRtyu samayanI sthitinI sarasa kalpanA karatAM teo kahe che. emanA mRtyu samaye emanI hatheLImAM samudranI lahero (caitanya ?) thIjI gaI hatI. paganI pAnImAM bhamarAno guMjArava poDhI gayAnuM ciMtanya vilAvAnuM) paNa teo kahe che. potAnA mRtyu samaye besaNAmAM saune potapotAnA paDachAyA sAthe laI AvavA kahe che. (besaNuM') samayanA khaMDa to ApaNe pADyA che ne? tethI "sAlA' kAvyamAM zvAsa ane ucchavAsa' vacce ne paLe "maphata ojhAnuM avasAna thayAnuM' kavi taTasthabhAve kahe che. khUba taTasthabhAve maphata ojhA sva-mRtyunI kalpanA kare che. chello zvAsa lIdho tyAre pote tyAM hAjara hovAnI vAta paNa parokSa rIte sAkSIbhAvanuM sUcana kare che. potAnuM mRtyu jotAM, emanI nasomAM doDatA azva (caitanyanA) thaMbhI gayA hatA. emanI phATI gayelI AMkhamAM raNa vistaryuM hatuM. cAra jaNA UMcakI emane smazAne laI gayA hatA, ne pote ja potAnA agnisaMskAra karyA hatA. potAnA mRtyunI kalpanA teo haLavA phUla banIne kare. che. potAnI nanAmI nIkaLI tyAre gharane caraNa phUTayAnI, ne AMgaNAmAM AMsuno dariyo chalakAyAnI vAta karuNakaTAkSa banI rahe che. vedanAnuM vAMsavana UgI nIkaLyuM hatuM. maphata ojhA potAnA mRtyu aMgenuM marasiyuMya racI nAkhe che. nanAmI parathI UbhA thaI potAnI ceha pote ja goThavyAnI vAta "lIlA" kAvyamAM karI che. potAne mRtAvasthAmAM joI, potAno paDachAyo bhaDake che. svadarzana karatAM ziSTAcArI vyaktitvano aMcaLo dUra thaI jAya che. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 460 kavi ziva paMDyAe to kharekhara 1975mAM jyAre emane hRdayarogano humalo thayo, tyAre potAnuM mRtyu sAva najIkathI joyuM hatuM. eTaluMja nahi, mRtyune emaNe haMphAveluM paNa kharuM. mRtyunA e svAnubhave to emane kavitA ApI. mRtyuno emane Agotaro anubhava hato. ne tethI ja emAM kaMIka rahasyamayatA hovAnuM caMdrakAMta zeTha mAne che. kavie mRtyunA Agamanane ekaveLA pramANeluM, je anubhava suMdara rIte emaNe varNavyo che. rAtrinA prathama praharamAM ja AkAza tarapha mITa mAMDIne mAnavasvarUpe vicarI rahelI e ekanI eka vaphAdArIne (potAne) levA AvelA yamadUtone pAchA vaLavA mATe AkAzane cIratI cIsathI teoe gajavI mUkyuM hatuM. kavi meghanAda bhaTTa paNa svamRtyukathA kahe che. smazAna sudhI potAne sUto sUto laI janAra svajanonI anukaMpAno teo AbhAra mAne che. potAnI zabavAhinInI dhurA poteja jhAlI hoya evuM teo anubhave che. kalAkonA agnisnAnathI rUMdhAyA vinA aluNa emano mRtadeha kSubdha thayA vinA ghera (nijadhAma) pAcho phare che. jIvataranAM varSonI durgaMdha vyApI jaI, DAghuonA nAkamAM e phelAI jAya te pahelAM potAnA zabane puSpothI DhAMkI devA svajanone teo vinaMti kare che. "mitrone' kAvyamAM paNa meghanAda bhaTTa svamRtyu kalpanA rajU kare che. potAnI kabara para dIvo mUkanAra mitrono zoka dAda mAgI le evo hato kahI ziSTAcAra pratye karUNakaTAkSa teo kare che. pote jIvatA hatA, tyAreya, emanA mitro to meghanAda bhaTTanI zokAMtikA lakhavAmAM mazagUla hatA. phUlanI naukA laIne AvelA manohara trivedI "dIvo lAvamAM svamRtyukalpanA vyakta kare che. chello zvAsa Tharato hovAnI vAta aMtima sthitinuM sUcana kare che. potAne ja potAnI aMtima paLoe dIvo lAvavAnI vAta dvArA potAnA mRtyuno pote satkAra karavAnI khumArI rajU kare che. kavi rAdhezyAma zarmA ekAeka potAno sUrya sthira thayo anubhave che. ("AMsu ane cAMdaraNuM') ghaDiyALa ane samaya ghaDiyALanA DaMkA mRtyuno saMdarbha racI Ape che. sUnA khetaramAM dUra TIkI rahelAM kALAM dasa paMkhI mRtyudUtanAM ja pratIka. kavi vinoda jozI 'maratAM maratAM ATaluMmAM ('paraMtu) trIjA puruSa ekavacanamAM, taTasthabhAve svamRtyukalpanA kare che. dUdhamala kAco kumaLo viniyo bhaDakAboLa potAnA vAvaDa mokale che. potAnA khoLiye agninA aNasAra pamAya che. laherakhI sakhI priyAne e potAnA mRtyu samaye yAda karI le che. priyatamAne viniyo, viniyA jhaMkhavAnI e nA pADe che. kAraNa have eno koI artha nathI. kavi mahendra jozI "mRtyu' nAmanA kAvyamAM 'taMdrA') najAkatabharI zailImAM svamRtyunI vAta kare che. potAnuM rUpa, AkAra, badhuM vikherI teo "dhumravalayanA' adezya veze UDI cAlyAno jANe anubhava kare che. jIvanano asaMtoSa nathI. bharapUra prema maLyo che. maraNa jIvanajalamAM game tyAre khAbake e vAtathI teo sajAga che. maraNa khAbakyuM che. sapATI parathI ane cheka UMDe paDyo che dilAso" 41 P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 461 mRtyunA jAsAthI ke teo sabhAna che. kavi dinakara zAhe "jaya" "kadAca chellIvAra'mAM ("ajanavI vastImAM) svamRtyu kalpanA karI che. sUryanA jhaLahaLatA prakAzanI suvarNamayI rekhAone kadAca teo chellIvAra jue che. kAle vRkSa parathI jyAre paheluM phUla kharI paDaze, tyAre pRthvInI bhInI bhInI suvAsamAM emanI mATI ogaLI gaI haze. "savAre' kAvyamAM "hima sarovara nIcethI sUryanuM daTAI gayeluM zaba maLI Avaze" kahetA kAvyanAyaka potAnA bhAvimRtyuno saMketa Ape che. paDAva' kAvyamAM potAno deha naSTa thayA pachI svajanonI sthitinuM kalpanAcitra rajU kare che. e loko mArAM deha naSTa thayA pachIya mArAM pustakomAM mArAM thAsanAM jIvaMta AMdolano meLavavA jhaMkhatAM haze tyAre, koI vaNathaMbhI musApharIe nIkaLelA prANa azva-pITha para thAkI vastImAM kyAMka zodhatA haze paDAva" 41 dinakara zAha motanI ghATI parathI mAMDa mAMDa bacIne, jiMdagIno Asava pIvA AvyA che. motanI ghATI parathI pAchA pharelA teo pAchA motanA ja iMtejAramAM jIvana pasAra kare che. svamRtyunI vAta teo sAMketika rIte kare che. "kAle savAre jyAre rAtabharano tophAnI samudra zAMta thaze.... nirjana ghATI para enA rudanamAMthI janmatA vedamaMtra sAMbhaLato huM koI tUTelA khaDaka para mAthuM TekavI, sUto hoIza nizcita 40 kAvyanAyaka kevIya nirAdhAra avasthA vacce potAnA khoLiyAne ogaLatuM joI rahyA che. ('prAyogika dhoraNe-23 "sparza') prAyogika dhoraNe A avizrAMta dhIkatI cehane, sUryakiraNomAM ekarUpa karI daI priya svajananI osarImAM teo pAtharI deze. bAdala' gaNeza siMdhava (viSAditA') astitvane kharatA tArA jevuM gaNAve che. A kavie paNa svamRtyu ane potAnI zokasabhAnI vAta karI che. zokasabhAmAM loko zabdanA cAkaLA ne toraNanA pradarzana karI, badhuM emaja mUkI vikharAI javAnA. - kavi citrakAra rAju pArekha viziSTa rIte svamRtyunI vAta kare che. "aMtyeSTi' nAmanA kAvyamAM potAnI prazastine teo aMtyeSTi samajavAnuM kahe che. "kALA akSare pALiyo nAme rAju pArekha saMvata 2045 zrAvaNa suda noma anurAdhA rAtre 8 rohiNI nakSatra pUrve pAMpaNe sUryAsta, 6.58" 48 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 462 adyatanayuga - mRtyujhaMkhanA ane tenuM svarUpa prabhu temaja potAne anaMtarUpe oLakhAvatAM kavayitrI suzIlA jhaverI mRtyu aMgenI nirbhayatA, tathA punarjanma pratye nizcitatAne potAnI dinacaryAmAM otaprota karavA icche che. "vahetA samaya jevI jiMdagI acAnaka sparzI jatA teo icche che pavana jevuM mRtyu ja caMdrakAMta zeThane thoDAka mIThA mIThA hUMphALA hUMphALA motanI jhaMkhanA che. ('paDaghAnI pele pAra') emane hadathIye pAra javuM che. pachI bhale cetanAmAM badhAM rAja AthamI jAya. kavi anila jozIe "eka mRtyukAvya"mAM viziSTa prakAranA mRtyunI jhaMkhanA karI che. dhodhamAra pANI varasatuM hoya, TahukAnA zikhara uparathI moralAo keDInI mAphaka gabaDI paDatA hoya, ....chAtImAM khIlAnI jema ThokAI jatuM darda vhAluMchama lAgatuM hoya. potAnA gAmanI badhIja mAtAo potAnA AghApAchAM thayelAM rakhaDu chokarAMo viSe ciMtAbharI pUchaparacho karatI hoya, teo bhIMjAtA koI raMgIna pataMgiyAnI pAchaLa gAMDAtUra banIne hariyALAM khetaramAM. haDiyApaTI kADhatA hoya. te ja kSaNe AkAzamAMthI eka bhayaMkara kaDAkA sAthe vIjaLI emanA para trATakI paDe, ne emanuM zarIra bhaDathuM thaIne DAMgaranI kyArImAM chamma karatuM pheMkAI jAya to ja zarIra choDyAnI sAcI lAgaNI thaI zake. kavayitrI jayA mahetA sahaja svastha mRtyunI jhaMkhanA vyakta kare che. mRtyu pAmatAM pahelAM sAmAnyapaNe zvAsa UMDA utaravA mAMDe, zarIra AkhuM zithila thaI jAya. AvuM badhuM thAya e pahelAM vidAya na laI zakAya? evo prazna teo kare che. mRtyu madhura, suMdara ne tAjagIbharyuM hovuM joIe. kavayitrI jayA mahetA mRtyujhaMkhanAnuM kAvyamaya varNana kare che. "gulAbanI pAMdaDIo parathI jhAkaLa haLavethI adazya thAya, dUdhamala bALaka khilakhila hasatuM jage ne nidrA sarI jAya. navI navI pAMkho phaphaDAvatAM paMkhIbALa mALAmAMthI UDI jAya. kozeTonA tAMtaNA vadhI raMgasabhara pataMgiyuM bahAra nIkaLI jAya, nUrajahAMnA kaMThamAMthI saratA sUra dhIredhIre havAmAM vilIna thAya....ema badhuM vivarNa thAya e pahelAM vidAya laI zakAya to ?" 50 jayA mahetAne to zraddhA che ke aMte Izvara emane levA Avaze. mRtyu dvArA Izvara milana sadhAya evI IcchA vyakta thaI che. zrAvaNI pUrNimAnI madharAte bAraNe TakorA mAryA vagara e Ave toya, be hAtha pasArIne e priyatama svajanane bheTI, laMgara UThAvIne bharatI ghUghavatI hoya tyAre (jIvana saMpUrNa svastha hoya tyAre) mRtyu pAmavAnI jhaMkhanA jayA mahetAnI che. pannA nAyaka mRtyudUta sAthe vAta kare che. - "Tebala para paDelI mArI kavitAnI adhUrI paMktio joI mRtyudUta tuM pAcho to nahIM pharI jAya ne ?" ra1 capacapa dUdha pItI bilADInI jema mRtyudUta jhaDapathI emane laI jAya evI emanI icchA che. astitvanuM pAtaLAmAM pAtaLuM paDa paNa ahIM rahevuM na joIe evI temanI vAMchanA che. "mRtyu' kAvyamAM pannA nAyakanI eka lAkSaNika mRtyujhaMkhanA vyakta thaI che. (philADelphiA') vasaMtapaMcamI ne dine koIka kavinI AMkhane saheja lAla karI vAsaMtI vAyarAnA sparze jANe kesUDAnI ekAda kaLI saheje khaDakhaDATa vinA haLavethI kharI jAya, tema emane paNa kharI P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 463 javuM che sahejeya khaDakhaDATa vinA. - kavi zazizivam sadgata pitAno ne potAno ya punarjanma thAya to pharI e ja pitA, pitArUpe maLe evI jhaMkhanA vyakta kare che. ("rUparomAMca') kavi mRtyu pAme tyAre ("jyAre zvAsano zvAsa') potAno AvAsa chellIvAra manabharI joI levA jhaMkhe che. kleza, rUdana, raghavATa, azAMti vinA, haLavAzathI javuM che emane. bahAra vRkSo taLe abaghaDI teo svajanone thaMbhI javA vinave che. gheghUra gulamahoranI lAlacaTaka cAdara chelle temane oDhI levI che. mAtRsneharasamAM borasalInAM be puSpa chelle potA para varase evuMya icchI javAya che. putrasamo mIThaDo gulamhora zuM bhUlAya? pArijAtanI mUdumoMghI chAMya paNa chelle oDhavI che, ne pachI haLuhaLu pade saune saMcaravA teo vinave che. sahRdayasaMga jyAM jyAM aneka goThaDI kIdhI hatI, e hRdayasthAnone, e badhI madhuratAne mamaLAvI levA teo Icche che. chelle UtArI haLavekathI khAMdhathI, ne agnisuhRda mujano nitano rahyo che tene kare kara daI muja soMpI dejo A kAya, ne...." para yosepha mekavAna "abhilASa' ('svagata)mAM mRtyu pAmI pharI janma dharI dharAnA navyapathamAM padUcihna mUkI ghUmavAnI jhaMkhanA pragaTa kare che. - kavi yazavaMta trivedInuM vasiyatanAmuM emanI mRtyujhaMkhanAnuM pratIka che. ("AzleSA'). mRtyu samaye teo kazuM yAda karavA nathI mAgatA, svajanoya nahi. jUhunA samudrane dhummasathI cItaratA javo che, ne gItone svapnanA jalamAM taratA mUkI devAM che. eka pUrNa sukhI vizvanuM eka apUrNa kAvya mArA kAvyasaMgrahanA aMtima | pRSTha para" 253 nItina mahetAe "mRtyu' nAmanA kAvyamAM rajU (nirvANa') karelI jhaMkhanA vicitra che. mRtyu pahelA keTalAka roga thAya evuM teo jhaMkhe che. damiyala havA emanA zvAsane sTIlanA banAvI de e emane khUba game. zataraMjanI cAla teo cAlatA hoya, nAnIplena hAthamAM kaoNphIno kapa laI UbhI hoya ane tyAM ja emano Dorabela raNakI UThe (mRtyunA Agamanano) to emane ghaNuM ja game. meghanAda bhaTTane punarjanmanuM jJAnabhAna to nathI. paNa jo punarjanma hoya to, icchAmRtyunI jema icchAjanma zakya hoya to DaphoLazaMkha gardabhaziromaNi thayuM che emane. saMvedanazUnya banavuM che temane? kAvyanAyake Ama to saMsAra bharapUra mANyo che. paNa na kare nArAyaNa ne, khabareya na paDe ne emanuM mRtyu thAya to, potAne jIvADavA koI prayatna na kare evI temanI jhaMkhanA che. mRtyu Ave to marI ja javuM che) ("ALasAITisa) maravA vAMke jIvye javAnI sajA have joItI nathI. mukta thavuM che have potAnAthI paNa. ('malAjo') e "bhale' nAmanA kAvyamAM guNavaMta zAhanI ("vismayanuM paroDha') eka viziSTa jhaMkhanA P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 464 vyakta thaI che. Ugato sUrya aMdhAruM carato hoya (aMdhAruM adazya thAya) ne keLanA pAna para beTheluM AkAza sarI paDe e ghaDIe jIvavAnuM vyasana chUTI jAya e kevuM? . "Tebala lempane ajavALe pathArImAM paDyo houM (jonAthana liviMgasTana sIgala jevuM) ekAda phAMkaDuM pustaka hAthamAM hoya tyAre huM holavAI jAuM to..." 54 kavi jitendra vyAsa "aMtima icchA' ("bhammariyuM madha')mAM potAnI AMkha mIMcAya ke tarata, UgelA meghadhanuSyone upADI korI korI AMkhanA AkAzamAM laherAve evI jhaMkhanA (cakSudAna) vyakta kare che. potAnA aMtima zvAse, be abhinava koyalone be miniTanuM mauna pALavAne badale teo gAvAnuM sUcave che. rAmaprasAda dave mATI sAthe bhaLI javAnI jhaMkhanA vyakta kare che. ('zAMti zAMti zAMti') emanI koI pAkI kabara karAve e emane nahi game. kAraNa thoDIvAra pachI eTalI jagyA bIjA koI mATe khAlI karI ApavAnI temanI icchA che. koI phUla caDhAve, phAtehA paDe, lobAna vahAve e game, paNa eya lAMbo vakhata nahi. koInI smRti para boja banyA vinA, apAra zAMtine potAnA astitvanuM aMga banAvavAnI emanI jhaMkhanA che. - aniruddha brahmabhaTTane, AkAzamAMthI ekAda tAro khare, ne AkAzanA paMthe aMkita thatI premalipi jotAM, ukelatAM AMkha mIMcavI hatI. pachI nizigandhA enAM puSpono abhiSeka kare evI emanI zraddhA hatI. puSponI suvAsamAM vaNAyelI gItapaMktinA sUromAM lIna thaI javAnI, emanI tamannA hatI. mRtyune khoLe mAtra vilIna thaI javAnI ja nahi, mRtyu sAthe pharavA nIkaLI paDavAnI emanI jhaMkhanA hatI. ane emaNe ema karyuM paNa kharuM) "zabdAMcala'nAM kavayitrI dakSA desAIne sUrajanI chAtI para mAthuM TekavI cAlI nIkaLavuM che. eka eka karI vINelI zamaNAMnI jUI, thoDAMka lohInIgaLatAM AMsunA vaMToLa, sUrajanA caraNakamaLamAM DhALI daI saratA samayanA zAMta mahAsAgaramAM DUbakI mAravA teo cAlI nIkaLaze. vizvanA sariyAma rastAnI pele pAra... dUra kSitijanI paNa pele pAra tArakagaNanA gaMjIphAne karI pharI cIpavA teo cAlI nIkaLavAnA (janma maraNa cakramAM vIMTAvA) jyAM ajaMpo ne phaphaDATa baMne mRtyune vAgoLatA paDI rahyA haze, tyAM, mana ane hRdayanI pele pAra teo cAlI nIkaLaze. badhAthI dUra.... "kArDayogrAma' kAvyamAM (nirjaLA nadI) emanA zvAsone koI gulAbonA pradezamAM viharavA de enI jhaMkhanA vyakta thaI che. emane UMDe UMDe ema che ke aneka suprabhAta jovA kadAca teo jIvI paNa jAya. paMkhIomAM madhura Tahuko banI ke teo jIvI jAya. (lephaTa venTAkyulara phelyora') (ela.vI.epha.) emanuM mRtyu nimitta na bane evuM teo Icche che. priyatamanA khoLAmAM mAthuM DhALI hameza mATe sUI javAnI jhaMkhanA { ' A kavayitrInI che. suMdara kalpanAmAM khovAI gayAM hoya, pote sarasa vAto vAgoLatAM hoya, smaraNanAM koIka divAsvapno jotAM hoya ne acAnaka sadA mATe DhaLI paDAya, to P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 465 uttama. mananA je te vicAro thIjI jAya, bIDAyelA phUlanA parAgamAM emanA paga khUMpI jAya, ne loka kahe bahena gayAM.... phUlanI rajathI kharaDAyelA paga hoya mArA, ne phorama bharI dheya zvAsamAM" ra55 kavayitrI kahe che, "mAruM mRtyu avasara banI raho".... "loko kahe.... bahenanuM mRtyu mAthe phUlanI DALa paDavAthI thayuM bahenanuM mRtyu pILAM pAna khAvAthI thayuM. mAruM mAthuM priyatamanA khoLAmAM DhALuM ne basa DhaLI paDuM....sadAne mATe" 25 kavayitrI mAlA kApaDiyAnuM kAvya "mAruM mRtyu' 1957mAM "navanIta'mAM chapAyuM hatuM. jemAM emanA mRtyu samayanI emanI jhaMkhanA vAcAbaddha banI che. teo (kAvyanAyikA) mRtyu pAme tyAre, emanI khullI AMkhone priyajana potAnA prathama cuMbanathI DhAMkI de, tathA emanA atRpta hoTha para priyajana eka azrubiMdu vaDe alpahAsya pragaTAvI evI emanI zraddhA che. mAlA kApaDiyA kahe che. ane pachI mArA lakhelA patrone bALI dejo mArI sAthamAM tenI bhasmo dATI dejo tamArA gulAbanA phUMDAmAM. ane huM samayanA vheNamAM gulAba banI khIlIza tamArI pAsamAM 57 priyajana pAse gulAba banI, kavayitrIne khIlI nIkaLavuM che, mRtyu pachI. (mRtyu premane mArI zakatuM nathI.) DaoN. gItA parIkha kahe che "nirAzA, niSphaLatA paNa kevo navajanma le che A kAvyamAM?58 bhasma, krUDuM ne gulAba dvArA kavayitrI enA premane kAlAtIta gati Ape che." samudra' nAmanA kAvyamAM yajJeza dave pratIkAtmaka rUpe potAnI (kAvyanAyakanI) mRtyujhaMkhanA pragaTa kare che. retI retI thaI kharatI jatI kAyAnI mATIne bhAMgI nAkhavAnI emanI icchA mRtyu jhaMkhanAnuM pratIka che. 1987mAM "ekAvana" kAvyasaMgraha laIne AvanAra udayana Thakkara kadAca maravAnuM pasaMda ja nathI karatA. paNa jo maryA vinA chUTako ja na hoya to kevA prakAranuM mRtyu emane pasaMda che, enI sarasa vAta teo kare che. "jo maravAnuM ja hoya to amane vanavagaDAmAM maravuM che dhULavALI dharatIne aDIaDIne maravuM che amAre 259 P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 466 udayana Thakkara maravAnA samayanI pasaMdagI paNa karI de che. baporanA parasevAyukta Alasya, ke rAtanI bheMkAratAmAM maravAnI majhA na Ave. tethI teo kahe che. "brahma murata hoya, ane AMkhe osanAM AMsu baMdhAtA hoya ne cheTenA gAmano kUkaDo grIvAmAMthI kekA, kADhe ne evI saraLatAthI prANa kADhIne ApI daIe 20 "maratA AdamInI gajhala'mAM udayane najAkatathI mRtyujhaMkhanA vyakta karI che. paroDhanA pahelA kalaravamAM, uSAnA maMgalotsava TANe, ziyALAmAM sabhInI mATI para, taraNanA nIravamAM cupacApa maravuM che. havAthI kharatA pagaravamAM maravAnI icchA che temanI. "pavananI pyAlI aDakyAthI tRNonA oTha palaLyA che. A jhAkaLabhInA AsavamAM mane cupacApa maravA do A rAnI ghAsanI vacce, A rAnI ghAsanI mAphaka asala vagaDAu vaibhavamAM, mane cupacApa maravA do" kavi naTavarabhAI Thakkara ('prabhujI tame sAgara huM pANI') mRtyu nizcita chatAM anizcita hovAthI, enI rAha jovA mAgatA nathI. sadehe mRtyuno sAkSAtkAra karavAnI emanI jhaMkhanA che. indriyo, mana, buddhi saghaLuM ahIM rahevA daI prItamanA rUpamAM samAI javAnI emanI jhaMkhanA kadAca mRtyuno saharSa svIkAra kare. . P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 467 ' upasaMhAra mAnavo amRtanA putro, paNa garbhamAMthI ja mRtyune varelA. AdikALathI mAnavajAta mRtyunA rahasyane ukelavA mathe che. paNa ukelI zakI nathI. tethI ja to saune mATe naciketA thavAnuM agharuM che. mRtyu eTale zuM? e kevuM hoya? eno raMga kevo haze? enuM rUpa kevuM haze? mANasa mRtyu pAme tyAre, e aMtima paLe ene zuM thatuM haze ? A badhA prazno vize vizvabharamAM ghaNuM ghaNuM lakhAyuM che, vicArAyuM che. kavioe paNa A aMge potAnI kalpanA-zaktine kAme lagADI che. ne chatAM A badhAja prazno aMte prazno ja rahe che. mRtyu vize vicAratAM mAnavanI buddhi, hRdaya, kalama, zabdo badhuM ja aMte viramI jAya che. kavi nhAnAlAle je vAta Izvara mATe kahI che, e mRtyu mATe paNa eTalI ja sAcI che. "jIbha thAkIne virame re virATa virATa vadI." "maraNa'ne oLakhavAno dAvo karanAra paNa pachI Atmadarzana karatAM mUMjhAI jAya che, ne nikhAlasatAthI kabUlI le che. "maraNa pUrNavirAma che ke alpavirAma enI khabara paDatI nathI." "mRtyu' ciMtana ke vicArano pradeza ja nathI. e anubhavano pradeza che. ne chatAM jIvananuM ekapaNa kSetra evuM nathI, jemAM mRtyuno vicAra na thayo hoya. zopanahovara mRtyune tattvajJAnanI devI kahe che. ahIM zarUmAM bhAratIya vicAradhArA temaja pAzcAtya vicAradhArA pramANenI mRtyunI vibhAvanA vize abhyAsa karavAno thoDo prayatna karyo che. mRtyune vaidika bhASAmAM "azanAyA' kahevAmAM AvyuM che. mahAbhAratanA "zAMtiparvamAM mRtyunI utpatti, temaja jIvanA svarUpanuM varNana karavAmAM AvyuM che. jyAre "kaThopaniSada'nA naciketAvRttAMtamAM mRtyunI rahasyakathA varNavavAmAM AvI che. zrImad bhagavadgItAmAM mRtyunI anivAryatA, AtmAnI amaratA, temaja jIvanasAtatyanI mIMmAsA karavAmAM AvI che. DaoN. sarvapallI rAdhAkRSNane paNa emanA "bhAratIya darzana' graMthamAM mRtyu vizenI alaga alaga dharma tathA paraMparAne dhyAnamAM rAkhI chaNAvaTa karI che. zrI araviMdanA mahAkAvya sAvitrImAM mRtyunA svarUpanuM bhAratIya daSTibiMdu kAvyamaya bhASAmAM rajU thayuM che. ne aMte mRtyu para premano vijaya sthApita karyo che. jIvana ane mRtyunAM rahasyo parasparanAM saMdarbhadvArA ja oLakhAya. aneka praznonA phaNagA mRtyunA mahApraznamAMthI phUTe che. jeo mahAkALanI sAme mAthuM UMcakI zake che, temane zoka, jarA mRtyuthI bharelA kALA samudra para paNa "amRtano setu' dekhAya che. mANasa na to janme che, na mare che, mAtra rUpa badalAya che. mRtyumAM sUkSma zarIra maratuM nathI, sthULa ja mare che. sUkSma taMtuothI gherAyeluM zarIra pharI yAtrA kare che. pazcimanI vicAradhArAmAM mAnava sau prathama mRtyavihIna hovAnuM kahevAyuM che. paraMtu devoe karelI mAnavonI IrSAne kAraNe pRthvI para "mRtyunuM avataraNa thayuM hovAnuM teo mAne che. ne pachI mRtyunA sArvatrika bhaye mRtyunI anivAryatA aMge haThIlI mAnyatAone janma Apyo. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 468 saudaryanA upAsaka kavioe jIvana ane mRtyunA praznone, tathA enA sauMdaryane potAnI pratibhAvaDe mana mUkIne gAyA che. mRtyuno bhaya, mRtyunI anivAryatA, AtmAnI amaratA, mRtyuno inkAra, mRtyu pachInuM jIvana, punarjIvana, punarjanma, sUkSma jIva, sUkSma zarIranI bhaTakana, mRtyu aMgenI lAparavAhI, mRtyunI maMgalatA, jIvana mRtyu baMnenI nirarthakatA, asaMgatatA, judAM judAM mRtyu svarUpanuM vaividhya, vagere vize keTaluMka sAmya pUrva temaja pazcimanI mRtyumImAMsAmAM jovA maLe che. baMne mImAMsAmAM mRtyune mitra, mahotsava rUpe kalpavAmAM AvyuM che. mRtyune mAnavIya vyakti tarIke paNa baMne vicAradhArAmAM kalpavAmAM AvyuM che. mRtyune Izvara, tathA priyatama svarUpe paNa baMne mImAMsAmAM jovAmAM AvyuM che. mRtyu mAnavajIvananI sauthI viziSTa, AkarSaka vizeSatA che. jIvanabAganuM e aMtima gulAba che. je vyakti mRtyu aMge sahajatAthI vicArI zake che. ene pachI janma, mRtyu alaga lAgatAM nathI. ene nathI hoto pachI janmano AnaMda ke nathI hoto mRtyuno Dara. gujarAtI sAhityamAM lokasAhityathI Aja sudhI lakhAyelI kavitAmAM kavioe vividha rIte mRtyune vaNI lIdhuM che. samagra mAnavajAta AdikALathI ema mAnatI AvI che. jIvanano sAco artha mRtyu dvArA pamAya che. A mahAnibaMdhanA kendramAM "arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitA' che. tema chatAM lokasAhitya, prAcIna bhajano, madhyakAlIna sAhityamAM AvatA mRtyu saMdarbhonI AchI jhalaka bhUmikArUpe ApI che. lokasAhityamAM hRdaya hacamacAvI nAkhe evo karuNa saMdarbha "mRtyunI sarvoparItAne vyakta kare che. madhyakAlIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM premalakSaNA bhakti kendrasthAne hovAthI, temaja A yuganA saMtakavio pote jIvanamukta hovAthI, mRtyu bhayajanaka ke karuNarUpe khAsa na ja Ave. jayAM thoDoghaNo mRtyusaMdarbha Ave che tyAM paNa maMgala svarUpe ja. dunyavI loko jene "mRtyu' kahe che, evuM mRtyu to teone sparzatuM ja nathI. zarIranA mRtyunI vAta e saue sahajabhAve svIkArI che. svAminArAyaNa saMpradAyanA saMta kavioe jIvanane satyarUpe svIkAryuM che. emanI dRSTie zarIra nakAmuM nathI, tema chatAM jaDa ane mUrakha lokone jAgRta karavA mRtyuno bhaya batAvavAmAM Avyo che. - narmada ane dalapatathI zarU thatI gujarAtI kavitA, cheka adyatana kALa sudhI judI judI rIte mRtyumImAMsAne kavitAno viSaya banAvatI AvI che. jemAM yugaparibaLo badalAtAM mRtyu viSenI vibhAvanAo paNa badalAtI rahI che. ApaNA gujarAtI kavioe jayAre jyAre mRtyu vize potAnI bhAvAbhivyakti ApI che tyAre, mRtyunuM svarUpa, mRtyu aMgeno bhaya, svajanamRtyuthI thatI vedanA, AtmamaMthana pachI samajAtuM satya, ne pariNAme mRtyunuM thatuM maMgaladarzana, mRtyu ane premano saMbaMdha, "mRtyu pAranA pradezanI kalpanA, "mRtyu ane kALa' vizenuM ciMtana, yuddhajanya mRtyu, je te yuganA saMdarbhamAM mahAna-vibhUtionAM mRtyu saMdarbhe apAyelI zraddhAMjalio, potAnA mRtyunI kalpanA, vividha prakAranI mRtyu jhaMkhanAo vize suMdara kalpanAcitro rajU karyA che. jyAM svAnubhavamAMthI kavitA nIpajI AvI che tyAM e vadhu coTadAra ne hRdayasparzI banI che. kavioe tattvajJAnanI devI samAna "mRtyune khUba lADa laDAvyA che. mRtyune bharapUra prema karyo che. mRtyune sanmAnyuM che. mRtyu jevA mahAna P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 469 praznane kavioe jANe hastAmalakavat karI Apyo che. mRtyunI vAstavikatA, jIvananI nazvaratA, yamarAjanI ANa, mRtyunA varcasvanI vAta sudhArAyuganA kavioe nirUpI che. mRtyune saLaMga jIvana vaccenA nAnA paDadArUpe oLakhAvAyuM che. mRtyunI ramaNIyatAnuM varNana mRtyune mukhe ja kavioe karAvyuM che. kyAMka mRtyu kavinuM dosta banI gayuM che. potAnAM kAvyo arpaNa karI zakAya evuM jigarI dosta. mRtyunI anivAryatAne "kaTu amRta kahyuM. mRtyu pachI rUDI bhUmimAM javAnI dharapata anubhavAI che. mRtyu poteja nAzavaMta hovAnuM kavi kahe che. matya jIvana kevaLa "pUrvAlApa' gaNatA kavi mRtyune aMte maMgalarUpe svIkAre che. mRtyu kaSTano aMta lAvanAra madhu, mRtyu eTale ArAma, mRtyu janmano paDachAyo. mRtyu janmotsava jevuM parva, mRtyu eTale mukti. mRtyu prabhuno rAjamArga. mRtyu akhaMDa nidrA, mRtyu navaprabhAta, kRSNa paNa mRtyuthI para nahatA. zarIra dhArIne mRtyu svIkAravuM ja paDe. koIkane badhA ja jANe mRtyunA AvirbhAva jaNAya. darekanA janma sAthe paDeluM mRtyubIja zvAsa para mRtyuchoDa banI jAya. zarUmAM mRtyuno bhaya, pachI Atmadarzana thatAM, jJAna prApta thatAM mRtyu mitra banI jAya, ne chatAM svajanamRtyu to pIDA Ape ja. ciMtananI samajaNanI DAhI vAtomAMthI kyAreka zraddhA DagI jAya. ne tyAre mRtyu aganaphALa lAge ne zAMtithI vicArIe tyAre mRtyu virAma madhu' "visAmo' paNa lAge. mRtyuno vidheyAtmaka temaja niSedhAtmaka baMne rUpe kavioe vicAra karyo che. kyAMka to evuM banyuM che, eka ja kavinI kavitAmAM mRtyu pratyeno tiraskAra paNa vyakta thayo che ane mRtyu pratyeno prema paNa. vizvanA saudarya temaja mAnavajIvananI mRdutAno lopa karanAra tarIke paNa mRtyuno vicAra karAyo che. to vaLI tarata ja e ja kavine mRtyumAM vizvasaMgIta saMbhaLAyuM che. mRtyu e koI navI vAta nathI, mRtyu sAtheno mAnavano saMbaMdha yugo jUno che, ne chatAM svajana mRtyue mAnava halI jAya che. 1 yuganA prabhAvane jhIlatI kavitAe vividha mRtyusaMdarbho ApyA che. "gAMdhIyuga'mAM svAtaMtryasaMgrAmanI temaja gAMdhIjInA prabhAvanI asara jhIlatI kavitAe vIronAM balidAnonI gAthA gAtI vakhate mRtyune maMgalarUpe ja joyuM ne gAyuM che. chatAM kyAMka kavi lIlAM mAthAM vadherAtAM joI pUjI paNa UThyo che. karuNa kaTAkSa karatAM e kahI UThe che "mRtyu ja zuM zAMti lAvI zake jagatamAM'? svajanamRtyunI vedanA paNa kavinA manamAM prazna jagADe che. "jagatamAM zuM mAtra "motaja amara'? paNa pachI samajAya che ke maraNa e eka suMdara svapna jALa che. bhrama' che. ne e samajAyA pachI mRtyu banI jAya che dardanI davA, eka dhanvantarI. mRtyu bane che sukhazayA, mRtyu madhuruM malake che pachI to. mRtyunAM pagalAMmAM paNa lAlitya varatAya che. mRtyu ja saMjIvanI rUpa dharIne Ave che jANe. koIka kavi "mRtyune IzvaranuM madhura mauna' kahe che. mAnava ane mRtyu nizadina sAtheja rahe che, hoya che, pharaka eTalo ja ke mAnava dazya svarUpe vicare che. mRtyu adazyarUpe. mRtyu banI jAya che jIvanasAthI, hRdayavihArI. kAraNa e IzvaranuM ja ekarUpa che. zarIra mare che, emAnA caitanyadIpane mRtyunA aMdhakAranI pIMchIno sparza thato nathI. mRtyu bhaNInuM mahAprasthAna zveta zubhra che. mRtyu varamALa laIne UbhuM che mAnavane satkAravA. mRtyunA sparza P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

Page #471
arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 470 rajanIgaMdhAnI sugaMdhano anubhava jANe maLe che. janma, jIvana ane mRtyu judAM che ja nahi. mAtAnA garbhamAM jIvananA janma pahelAM mRtyue pAraNuM banI praveza karyo che. jIvana janma sAthe ja jhUle che; mRtyunA pAraNAmAM paNa A mRtyune pAMdaDAM, DALa, thaDa kazuM nathI. e nirmULa nirAkAra tattva che. ene nathI hAtha, na paga, na rekhA, na gati na sthiti. teja ke aMdhakAra vinAnuM mRtyu niHsIma brahmAMDa jANe ke, A mRtyu amRta saMjIvanI che. mRtyu pachInA divya pradezamAM ArasamaDhI dIvAlamAM nUpuranI ghUgharIo raNake che, ne emAM dekhAya che vividha raMgonI jhAMya. to koIka kavi mRtyunuM vAstavadarzana karAvatAM kahe che, "mRtyunA daradanI davA haju sudhI koIne jaDI nathI. mRtyune nAsatuM bIDuM hAMphatuM pazu paNa kahyuM che. to bIjI bAju divyamaMgala. kyAreka mRtyunI himALI AMdhI jIvananI ukhAne ThArI de che. jIvanI garbhastha avasthAnI vAta dvArA kyAMka mRtyunI sAthe sAthe punarapi janane punarapi maraNanA vArApherAnI vAta paNa vicArAI che. ne tyAre kavi kahI UThe che ke kazAno nAza thato nathI, jUnAM pAMdaDAM kharI jAya che, navI kUMpaLo phUTe che navarUpe jIvana vilase che. aMtamAM zarUAta, zarUAtamAM aMta, dehanAM baMdhanamAMthI chUTatI vakhate mAnava AtmAne Agamya pradezano sAda saMbhaLAya che, ne mRtyu banI jAya che mahotsava. mRtyunI saMdhikA banI jAya che "zAMtinirjharaNa'. to mRtyunI adITha savArI enA divyamaMgala prakAzano paricaya Ape che. mRtyu maMdiranI raNakatI ghaMTaDIo saMbhaLAya che koIkane. mRtyu zubhra dhavalakalagI samuM. e koIne jAkAro na Ape. sau sAthe eno zAzvata gharobo. paNa kavi aMte mAnava che ne? "mRtyu jIvita mAtranI prakRti' e vAta ene samajAya che. paNa vasaMte parNa khare, e samajAtuM nathI, svIkAratuM nathI. kavine mRtyu ane cetananI avirata spardhA dekhAya che. paNa kavi mRtyune vijayI to kyAreya nathI mAnatA. to kyAMka mRtyune bhISaNa-karAla paNa kahyuM che. koIkane mRtyu mAnavarUpe dekhAyuM che. kavi kALanA A vikarALa jaDabAne ughADavA paDakAra pheMke che. vakradaMta, aticaMDa ghamaMDabharyA mRtyunA dAMta gaNavA kavi utsuka che. to vaLI pAchA teo mRtyunI zILI himazapyAnI vAta paNa kare che. "vaira mAtra maraNAnta yudhiSThirane kahevAyelAM A nAradavacano kavine jANe koI mahAna maMtra ApI jAya che. ne tethI ja kavi mRtyu sAthe dostIno hAtha laMbAve che. A mRtyu koIpaNa rUpa dharIne Ave, vhAlapane varasAvatuM, daSTine pasavAratuM, mRdu kiraNa banIne Ave, ke pachI kALo ochAyo banIneya Ave. mRtyu che to jIvananI mIThAza che. mRtyuno kImiyo ja e ke e premAmRtane sarjI Ape. "mRtyu eTale prabhu sAthenuM hastadhUnana'. mRtyu AnaMdalokanI yAtrA, mRtyu piyAmilanano avasara. kavi mRtyune kyAreka jIvanano atithi kahe che. paNa jyAre mRtyu eka pachI eka vhAlAM svajano upADI jAya che, tyAre kavi ene mahAbhikSuka' paNa kahI nAkhe che, ne toya aMtaranI samajaNa mRtyune mAtra vezapalaTo ja gaNe che. mRtyunI divyamaMgala dhanya svarUpanI vAta karatAM enuM mAnavIyarUpa kamyuM che. jemAM mRtyunI AkAza jevI UMDI ne bhUrI AMkho, uSA jevA sonerI oSTha, suvarNaraMgI kezakalApanI mohinInI vAta ApaNaneya jANe mRtyunI mohinI lagADI jAya che. AvI suMdaratA baLIne khAkha thaze, enI ciMtA kavine che. kAraNa mRtyu paNa eka divasa maravAnuM ne? mRtyunRtyanI P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

Page #472
arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 471 vAta karato kavi jIvana karatAM mRtyune vadhu suMdara gaNe che. mRtyunA nRtyanI mohinI ja evI ke, badhuMja nRtya karatuM thaI jAya. purANomAM paNa mRtyunA nRtyanI vAta ullekhAI che. paNa ApaNA kavi to "mRtyunI kathakalI'nI vAta kare che. evuM mRtyu pote kadI bolatuM nathI. mAtra eno hAtha laMbAvI mAnavano hAtha mAge che. ne mAnavanA mRtyu sAthe harSa, zoka, vedanA vera badhuM ja lupta thaI jAya che. jyAM AdhyAtmika pratibhAoe mRtyu vize vicAryuM che, tyAM mRtyu bhavya, divya maMgalarUpa dharIne pragaTa thayuM che. evA kavioe mRtyune parama mahotsava mAnyuM che. A mRtyunA rasAyaNe mAnava maramAMthI amara bane che. to kyAMka kavio mRtyunA rahasyane ukelI na zakAyAnI nikhAlasatA paNa vyakta kare che. kadame kadame UbhelA mRtyuno pAra nathI pAmI zakAto. kone raDavuM? mRtyune? mRtyu pAmelA mAnavane? rudana ene sparzavAnuM nathI. koNa mare che ? zarIra ja ne? to pachI raDavAnuM zAne? AtmAnI amaratA vize vAta karavI ke samajaNa dharAvavI eka vAta che, ne svajanamRtyuno AghAta jIravavo e judI vAta che. ne chatA janArane javA devA paDe, jarAya DhIlA nahi thavAnuM. prANapuSpanI pAMkhaDI chAnAmAnA ja chedAvA devAnI, kALaje kApA paDe toya jhurApo veThI levAno. A mRtyu bhayAnaka chatAM spRhaNIya gaNAyuM che. mRtyune spRhaNIya kahenArA, "sonuM' kahenArA svajanamRtyuthI khaLabhaLI UThe che. kAraNa priya svajanane agnine hAtha soMpavAnuM kaThaNa che. pASANanAM cakSu dharAvato pelo yamadUta sadA samIpa ja hoya che. janAra to jAya pAchaLa rahenAranI vedanA akathya hoya che. paNa dharma, upAsanA, AtmAnA amaratvanI zraddhA kyAreka baLa Ape, to kyAreka azrunI nirarthakatA samajAya. vizvAtmAne paNa svajanamRtyuno A zoka sparzato nathI e samajAya che. mRtyune panoto atithi paNa mAnavAmAM Avyo che. e ja che zreSTha vizrAmaghATa. svajanamRtyunA viSAde gItAjJAnane paNa kyAreka nirarthaka sAbita karyuM che. svajanamRtyu aneka prazno UbhA kare che. maraNa eTale zuM ? enuM svarUpa kevuM hoya ? ene "mRtyu' na hoya? mRtyune jagatasauMdarya haNavAno zo adhikAra? mRtyunI anivAryatA hoya to, badhA janme che ja zA mATe? "zuM maraNa eka adhyAsa ja kevaLa?' deha AtmAno saMbaMdha koIka kavie sarovara ne kamaLa jevo kahyo che. mRtyupagalI jIvananI sauMdaryasugaMdhane cUracUra karI nAkhe che. mRtyu sanAtana AnaMdanA aMjanane ekAeka bhUMsI nAkhe che. koIka kavie pratIkAtmaka rIte mRtyunI maMgalamayatAne vAcA ApI che. emanI kavitAmAM mRtyunI prakriyA alaukika AnaMdamaya abhivyakti pAme che. jIvananI zAzvatImAM zraddhA dharAvanAra kavine mRtyu murajhAvAnI mahi, khIlavAnI prakriyA lAge che. jayAre putrInA mRtyunA zokane zloka0 karato kavipitA jJAnavANIne svIkArI zakato nathI. "prakAzane dATI zakAya zuM kadI ?' e prazna AtmAnI amaratAne vize paLa jhulAvavAno Ave che, tyAre koI ja gItAjJAna kAma AvatuM nathI. - koI anyanuM mRtyu navI vAta nathI. paNa zirachatrasamA pitAnuM mRtyu kavi urane, putrahRdayane khaLabhaLAvI mUke che. cha koThe jItanArI philasUphI ahIM sAtame koThe pachI hArI P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

Page #473
arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 472 jAya che. kavi ke philasUpha mRtyunA bhItarI saudaryanI vAto bhale kare paNa putra to sArI peThe jANe che ke "maraNa" haju A pRthvIne koThe nathI paDyuM. pitAnA mRtyunI vedanA azrudhAramAM pariName che, ne putra nayanone nirAMte TapakavA de che (alabatta kSamA yAcanA sAthe.) ne tyAre samagra pRthvI maraNakSetra lAge che. jIvana mRtyunA pAraNAmAMja mahoratuM hovAnI vAta paNa ghaNA kavioe karI che. manuSyanA jIvanane mRtyuno ja avatAra gaNyo che. janma e mRtyunuM ja dehadhArIrUpa. Adhunika yugamAM maraNane kyAMka mobhAnuM mUlya hoya che, e vAta kavio bhUlyA nathI. Adhunika lokonI saMvedanazUnyatA mRtyu jevI ghaTanA pratye paNa beparavA che e batAvAyuM che. mRtyunA rUpa svarUpanuM kutUhala kavione vividha kalpanA karavA prere che. mahiSArUDha mRtyunuM jIvaMta ane gauravapUrNa citra paNa kyAMka kaMDArAyuM che. mAnavIya rUpe kalpAyeluM mRtyu, aMcaLA vaDe enI bhUkhane DhAMkI de che. mAtra zukratArAnI jema jhagamagatI be AMkhoja dekhAya che, ne te paNa maranArane ja. zarIranA mRtyu samaye jIvAtmAne thatI koIka navI ja oLakhanI anubhUti kavioe varNavI che. sAthe rahelAM pelAM pAMca tattvoya aMte zarIrane choDI jAya che. svajanane smazAne mUkI AvyA pachI lAgatA mRtyubhayanuM vedhaka nirUpaNa kavioe karyuM che. svajanamRtyu, mRtyu game tyAre potAnAMya dvArA khaTakhaTAvaze, evI sajAgatA ApI jAya che. | zarUmAM mRtyuthI bhaya pAmato kavi-mAnava kyAreka bhItaramAM DokiyuM karatAM, mRtyunA astitvano InkAra kare che. ne mRtyune rUpAMtara tarIke svIkAre che. mRtyu AMgaNa sudhI, pathArI para AvI besI gayAno anubhava thavA chatAM, ene pachI Dara lAgato nathI. mRtyu ajANyA sukhano romAMca anubhavAve. mRtyu harSavardhana che. enI animeSa draga satata nehavarSaNa kare che. mRtyumAM thatuM snAna hemazItaLatAno sparza karAve che. mRtyu sAthe adyata sadhAya tyAre, pachI mRtyu ane paramezvara judA nathI rahetA. mRtyu pachInA maMgalane deza pariMda samA jIvanuM ekala prayANa hoya. mRtyunA pUrNaparicita hetasikta kaMThane AnaMdapUrvaka jhIlato jIva aNuaNumAM mRdupulakita kaMpana anubhave che. mRtyu niHsImanI sukhazapyA che. mRtyupaLa subhaga che. maranAra mANasa pachI sukhadu:khathI para banI jAya che. AdhyAtmika nahi to vAstavika arthamAM paNa mRtyu "mukti' banI jAya che. koIka kavine "paraloke patra' lakhavAnuM sure, e ja mRtyunI maMgalatAnuM sUcaka che. eTaluM ja nahi, paralokathI sadgata priyasvajananA patra AvyAnuM paNa anubhave. ne pachI jayAM janma, jIvana, mRtyu badhuM ekAkAra thaI jatuM hoya evI bhUmikAe pahoce. - AInsTAInanI sApekSavAdanI thiyarI sAthe vizvanA vicAra jagatamAM jabaruM parivartana Ave che. Time nI vibhAvanA badalAvAnI sAthe mRtyunI vibhAvanA paNa badalAya che. mRtyu eka svAbhAvika nagaNya ghaTanA banI jAya che. mRtyu have "karuNa nahi kevaLa "ghaTanA" banI rahe che. ne chatAM keTalAka adyatana kavioe paNa mRtyunI vedanAjanya anubhUti, temaja mRtyunA maMgaladarzananI vAta karI che. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S.

Page #474
arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 473 ghaNAMbadhAM amAMgalyo vacce paNa kavi kyAreka "motanI mIThI muskAna ne anubhave che. kyAMka mRtyuno malAjo na jaLavAtAM koIka kavi cIsa paNa pADI UThe che. to kyAMka svajanamRtyu khanaja mULAkSara mAnavA majabUra kare che. ne zizumRtyu to mANasane aMdarathI sAva khalAsa karI nAkhe che. bALakanA mRtadeha para dhrujate hAthe peMDo mUkAya che. AtmAnI amaratAmAM na mAnato Ajano kavi paNa bhale judA arthamAM jIvanamAMthI chuTakAro meLavavAnI vAta to kare ja che. ke kadIya koI janmaja na dhare, e mATe pIDAdAyI Akroza vyakta karato kavi jananInAM jananadvAro ja baMdha karI devAnI vAtane cIsanI jema rajU kare che. janma ja na hoya to vedanA paNa na hoya. mRtyune jUThuM gaNato kavi mAnava pAcho mRtyunA vicAre dhrUjI UThe che. mRtyuno InkAra karavAthI mRtyu adazya thavAnuM nathI. e to sAme ja beThuM che Tagara Tagara tAkatuM. koIka kavi mRtyune ja potAnI kALotarI kADhI ApavA kahe che. koIka kavine pAradarzaka mRtyu mAnavarUpe sAva najIka AvatuM dekhAyuM che. (rAvajI)ne chatAM mRtyuno sahajabhAve svIkAra karI, mRtyunI ThekaDI uDAvAI che. koIke mRtyune priyatama kahyuM, to koIka ene priyatamArUpe paNa jue che. mRtyune nimaMtrI paNa na zakAya, ke upekSI paNa na zakAya. AgaLa ne pAchaLa AMkho rAkhI uMbara para beThelA mRtyunA khabara aMtara paNa kavie pUchayA che. ne toya pAchA bIjI ja paLe, mRtyune kyAM zodhavuM ? ema teo kahe che. chaTakazuM che A mRtyu. mRtyu gati, mRtyu zvAsa, mRtyu havA, mRtyu nAto, mRtyu zuM nahi ? ' to vaLI kyAMka kahevAyuM ke "mRtyu eTale mANasa hovAnuM pUrNavirAma. jIvana jIvavAno pUro thayelo kAryakrama. mRtyu eka paLamAM mAnavane "che' mAMthI 'hato banAvI de. mRtyu pAmatAM bharyA gharamAMthI khAlI hAthe nIkaLavAnuM. mRtyu mAtelo ghoDo, mRtyu tagatagatI AMkhavALo vAgha, mRtyu eka sarariyala anubhava. pavanavegI mRtyudUta bAraNAM toDI aMdara dhasI Ave evuM enuM joma. mRtyu pachI zuM? no vicAra paNa karakI jAya. dIvAlo besavA mAMDe tyAre, bIjo koI rasto nathI raheto. nA, nathI koI vikalpa mRtyuno. mRtyu sImA vaLoTavAnI kriyA che. virakta thaI mRtyunI vAto karavI sahelI che. paNa ApaNA ghara bhaNI AvatAM enAM pagalAM saMbhaLAya pachI paNa hasatAM rahevuM thoDIka hiMmata mAgI le che. astitvanA haraNane mRtyunI haMmeza bhIti rahe che. koIke mRtyune potAnuM AMgaNuM vALatuM joyuM che. koIke ene sanmitra kahyuM. mRtyu sAMtathI anaMtabhaNInI yAtrA che. to vaLI koI mastarAme mRtyune "eka gammata' kahyuM. koIkane e khATakIrUpe dekhAyuM. mRtyu rAkSasI dariyAI prANInI jema bharaDo laI mAnavane chellA buMda sudhI cUsatuMya koIke kahyuM. "mRtyu jaraTha pazu', "mRtyu pIta aMdhakAra" "mRtyu zvAnanI jIbha', "mRtyu haNahaNatA tokhArano avAja' to vaLI koIke mRtyune navadhabakAra kahyuM, UMcuM zikhara kahyuM, ne UMDI khINa paNa. koIkane mRtyuno Agotaro anubhava paNa hato. mRtyu kyAMka satyam zivam suMdaram rUpe koIkane dekhAyuM. koIke ene janma sAthe ucharato mRtyuchoDa kahyuM. hAthamAM phAnasa laI DosIrUpe AvatuMya e koIne dekhAyuM. mRtyu kALI sAMDhaNI, mRtyu prakhara ghorakhodiyuM, mRtyu lakkaDakhoda, orathI vIMTAtA garbhanI jema, janma sAtheja udaramAM pragalma mRtyunA odhAnane pAmato mAnava, janma P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

Page #475
arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 474 sAtheja mRtyune laIne avatare che. mRtyu rakta khUMdato ghoDo hovA chatAM mRtyune DhaMDhoLI enI sAthe cAlI nIkaLavAnI khumArI kavioe batAvI che. mAtra dehanI sarvoparItA paNa kyAMka vicArAI che. cArvAkavAdIonI jema dehano aMta dehamAM ja hovAnuM paNa kalpAyuM che. zvAsonI pelI pAra mRtyu rAha jue che mAnavanI. mRtyunI pele pAra sAja sajIne javAnuM, mRtyune ApaNAM nAma saranAmAMnI khabara hoya che. mAnava ane mRtyunI saMtAkUkaDI yugothI cAle che. hA, paNa eka vAta che. mRtyunI ghaTanAnI kadI punarAvRtti thatI nathI. ekaja vAra mare che mAnava. mRtyu jAsAciThThI mokalAve che. mitrabhAve ja e kaheNa mokale che. e bhISaNa nathI. koIka kavi mRtyunA zAsanano asvIkAra kare che. aNu jeTaluM paNa enuM mahattva nathI AMkatA. koIka gItAvANIne doharAvatAM "zarIradhArI mAtra maraNazIla' hovAnI vAta yAda karAve che. mAMgalyamAM zraddhA dharAvanAra mRtyunuM astitva ja svIkArato nathI, ne dhAroke maraNa jevuM kaMIka che, topaNa emane mana e zarIra mRtyu samudranI Urmio jevuM masta che. mRtyu pachI maranAra mATe duniyA DUbI jAya. AMkhonA sUrya AthamI jAya. mRtyu aMtahIna nidrA che. (rAvajI) mRtyu kALuM anAgata che. chelparUpe saunI najIka e rahe che. zahera AkhuM kRtAMtanI bhaThThI, ne emAM sau bhayabaddha, to kyAMka mRtyunA Agamanane khuzAlI kahyuM. mRtyune madu hAtha pakaDI, enI sAthe javAnuM che. jIvana ane mRtyune alaga samajAvavA muzkela che. astitva zveta alpAyuSI jhAkaLa che. mRtyu iti nathI, mRtyu pAmanAra potAnI vAsanA choDI zakato nathI, ne tethIja pAchuM punarapi jananuM, ne punarapi maraNam cakra cAle che. koIka kavi mRtyune kevaLa zabdachala kahe che. mRtyu vedanAnuM pUrNavirAma. jiMdagI vidAyano choDa, janma samaye janmajanmAMtaranAM jALAM tUTI jAya che. mRtyu bAda mAnava eka kiMvadantI banI jAya che. mANasa roja thoDuM thoDuM mare che. koIka kahe che, mRtyu hajI jammu ja nathI. haraghaDI mRtyu judAM rUpa dharIne Ave che. ja koIkane mRtyu amiyala seNa, to koIkane mota mIThI muskAna lAge che. koIka maghamaghatuM mIThuM hUMphALuM mota Icche che. mRtyusamaye mAtra vAhana ja nahi, poteya zaNagArAIne javAnuM. mRtyu mahAyAtrAno AraMbha. mRtyupatha kamalanI dAMDI jevo sikta. mRtyunI jANe kaMkotarI lakhAya. AthI koI veNu vAvAno anubhava thAya. mRtyu priyatamA sAthenI milana kSaNa. mRtyu baMsIno nAda. "mRtyunuM Agamana tAjIlahara'. mRtyunA Agamana sAthe jIvanano rajhaLapATa pUro thAya. mRtyupaLe dUra dUrathI DolatI hAMDImAM jhUlatA dIvA dekhAya. mRtyunI lIlI maheka anubhavAya. mRtyu poteja divyaprakAza. mRtyu eTale vismayano pradeza. mRtyu vahAlabharyo sugaMdhI vAyaro. mRtyu amaradhAmanA teDA. mRtyu praphulla prasthAna. mRtyu ciraMtanano garbhapradeza. mRtyu ajavALAno uMbara. ApaNA kavioe mRtyunI vAta karatI vakhate mRtyu ane premanA advaitano khAsa vicAra karyo che. jemAM mahadaMze mRtyu karatAM sneha tathA sauMdaryano vizeSa mahimA AMkyo che. premanA abhAvavALA jIvana karatAM premasabhara mRtyune vadhAre vahAluM gayAnI vAta teoe karI che. prema mRtyunI paravA nathI karato, tyAM pachI mRtyu "karuNa ghaTanA nathI hotuM. mAnava marIne paNa amara banI jAya che. vidhipAza sAme jhajhUmato premI marIne vijaya meLave P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

Page #476
arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 475 che. premayoga pAse koI vidhiniSedha phAvatAM nathI, to mRtyu to kyAMthI ja phAve? praNayasUrasaritAne toDavAnI hAma mRtyumAM paNa nathI. premane jIvanamaraNanAM baMdhana nathI hotAM. sadgata svajana smaraNarUpe sAthe ja rahe che. premanI zAzvatatA evI ke, mRtyu ene vidArI na zake. mRtyu pAmela priyajananuM sthAna dhRtimaMgalArUpe upasI Ave. premamAMthI nIpajelI mRtyakavitA mRtyunuM maMgala darzana karAve. prema mRtyune paNa maMgala banAvI de. sauMdarya ane prema haMmeza mRtyuthI ajeya rahyAM che. prema ane mRtyu alaga nathI, mRtyunA sAnnidhyamAM priya patnI suMdara lAge. mRtyu mAnavane vadhu suMdara banAve che. snehane mRtyu nathI hotAM evI zraddhA kavio dharAve che. tethI to AptajanonA anaMtaviyogane saMto tathA kavio "bhavyadhaTanA' tarIke oLakhAve che. bhakti tathA prabhupremane paNa mRtyu parAjita karI zakatuM nathI. anyathA kaThora rukSa mRtyucahero, prema pAse madu banI jAya che. jIva khoLiyuM badale che. tema prema paNa mAtra khoLiyuM ja badale che. anaMta premakathA kadI mRtyunI paravA na kare. prema ane mRtyunuM sahaastitva yugojUnuM che. mRtyu poteja svIkAre che ke prema sAthenI ramatamAM e haMmeza hArI jatuM. ("sAvitrI') hADa jevuM mRtyu premanA nAnakaDA jharaNAmAM Atmavilopana kare evuM to koNa kalpI zake ? sadgata patnInuM smita amRta banI sadA TapakyA karatuM hoya che. bhUtakALanAM sahavAsa smaraNomAM je potAnA priyane AtmArUpe upAse che. enuM priya kadI maraNadharmI thatuM nathI. sadgatano sneha smaraNarUpe satata priyajananI sAthe ja rahe che. prema ane mRtyunuM adbhuta sAmya che. premanA kAgaLa para sahI karyA pachI khabara paDe che ke e mRtyuno kAgaLa hato. premamAM mRtyuya zreyaskara, to kyAMka vaLI priyatamAne mRtyunA dvAramAM maLavAnuM ijana apAyuM che. prema ane mRtyunuM advaita evuM ke, je avazapaNe priyajana pAse paraloke patra lakhAve. ne paralokathI patra AvyAnI anubhUti paNa karAve, eTaluM ja nahi, aMtare aNu aNu aMkurita thAya, ne bhItara bahAra badhuM raLiyAta banI jAya. premanA saMgItanI saragama sUrAvalie sadgata priyajananI AkRti AlekhAya. prema maraNazIla hoya to paNa manuSyane e amRta tarapha laI jAya, to koIka kavi eka mAtra premane ja amara gaNe che. mRtyu pachI vyaktino vizva sAtheno saMbaMdha vicchanna thAya. prema sAtheno nahi. prema to ana che. to kyAMka premanI kharI khoja kavie mRtyumAM karI che. premanuM bIjuM rUpa mRtyunuM kahevAyuM che. mRta priyajananA dehane vaLagIne besI na rahevAya, paNa smRtine vaLagIne to AyakhuM kADhI zakAya. kAraNa smRti kohitI nathI. sadgatanAM smaraNo viziSTa AbhAsarUpe UbhAM thAya che. priyajananI hayAtI vinAya enI hayAtIno AbhAsa Ubho thAya. kyAMka koI divya premalipi AkAzanA paMthe aMkti thayelI jotAM jotAM AMkha mIMcavAnI tamannA vyakta thaI che. to koIka vaLI premasmaraNanAM mabalakha phUla mUkIne javAno saMtoSa vyakta karyo che. premane baLeja mRtyu pAmanAra, hayAta priyajana sAthe smaraNarUpe sAhacarya bhogave. A thaI premanA mRtyu paranA vijayanI vAta. paNa haMmezAM premaja vijayI banyo che evuM nathI. kyAMka mRtyue premane parAsta karyo che. e parAjaye dhyAta svajananuM jIvana chinnabhinna karI nAkhyuM che. prema ane mRtyu judAM nathI ema kahevuM eka vAta che, ne svajana vinAno khAlIpo AkhI jiMdagI veMDhAravo e P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

Page #477
arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 476 judI vAta che. priya svajananA mRtyuno AghAta smaraNonI amaratA, premanI sUkSmatA vageremAM kyAreya zraddhA rAkhI zakato nathI. mRtyu kyAreka premamAM DhaMta sarje che. thoDo samaya smaraNo sAtha Ape, pachI e paNa adazya thaI jAya che. kALanA garbhamAM smaraNo paNa khovAI jAya che. mRtyu premanA suMdara svarUpano kyAreka nAza karI nAkhe che. mRtyunI chAMya nIce sadA jIvavuM paDatuM jIvana mRtyu karatAMya vadhu kaSTadAyaka hoya che. mRtyune koI rokI na zake, prema paNa nahi, e che mAnavajIvananuM karuNa vAstava. saMtAnane gumAvI beThelI mA to Akroza ja ThAlave ne? mRtyune e "DAku kahI bese che. to kyAMka karuNatAnI parAkASThA Ave che, tyAre mA azrudhAra sAthe prazna kare che. rAMdalamAne keTalIvAra khoLo pAtharavo? mRtyu bhalabhalA premane kyAreka lapaDAka mAre che. mobha para bolatA kAgaDAnA AzAvAdI avAjo nirarthaka nIvaDe che. je gayuM che e enA e svarUpe kadI pAchuM nathI AvatuM. vedanAnI anubhUti tattvajJAnane jhAMkhuM pADI de che. svajanamRtyunI karuNatA ochI nathI. priyajana sarakI jAya che. khabareya na paDe tema mRtyu laI jAya che svajanone, (game teTalo atUTa prema hoya toya) mAnava ane enI hatheLI zApita puravAra thAya che. nathI rokI zakatI e svajanamRtyune. jigaranA TukaDAneya azrudhAre vidAya ApavI paDe che. premanI ajeyatAnI vAta karIe chatAM, mRtyu e mRtyu che. mAnava kevaLa AtmAne prema nathI karI zakato. vyaktinuM zarIra, eno caheze, eno avAja, enuM raNakatuM hAsya e badhAne e prema kare che ane mRtyu sAthe e badhuMja adazya thaI jAya che. jIvatI jAgatI, haratI pharatI, thanaganatI, dhabakatI eka vyakti dhabakatI aTakI jatAM haiye moTo cirADo paDe che, jenI nathI hotI koI bhASA, ke nathI koI hotA zabdo. hayAta svajananA haiye khAlIpo ane zUnyAvakAza rahe che mAtra. sadgata priyajananI yAda sukha nathI ApatI, vedanA Ape che. e yAda lakkaDakhoda banI hayAta svajananI UMghane satata TholyA kare che. sadgata mAnI yAda hAlaraDuM banI mAnavane UMghADatI nathI, paNa UMghane uDADI de che. ApaNA kavioe mRtyunI vAta karatI vakhate svAbhAvika rIte ja, mAnavajIvana temaja mRtyu para paNa sarvoparI zAsana karanAra kALa-mahAkALanAM vividha rUpo, tathA mijAjana zabdabaddha karyA che. jeo A mahAkALanI sAme mAthuM UMcakI zake che temane ja zoka jarA, mRtyuthI bharelA A kALasamudra para paNa amRtano setu dekhAya che. bAkI sAmAnya mANasa mATe to 'zira para kALa rahyo daMta karaDe. kavioe A kALa para potAno Akroza khUba ThAlavyo che. ene "jIvano pAjI' koIe kahyo to koIke "kasAI" to koIka kavie kAyAne kALanuM cavANuM kahI, to koIke kAyAne "kALanI bhAjI'. A catura kALa AgaLa koInuM kAMI cAlatuM nathI. kALa kALanuM kAma kare che. avatArI puruSa paNa kALathI para nathI. dezyarUpe na dekhAtA, ociMtA AvI deNa cUkavavA mAMgaNI karatA kALane kavi "pAtaki'nuM vizeSaNa Ape che. A kALa kadI thAka khAvA besato nathI. satata kAryarata rahe che e. kapaTalIlA AcaravAmAM e kuzaLa che. kALa bhamarAnI jema mAnavanA jIvanane kotaryA kare che. to koIka kavie "kALane phaNIdhara nAga' kahyo che. eka mAtra kALa ja anazvara che. kALa jyAre ghA karavA bese che tyAre kazuM joto nathI. to koIka kavie kALanI sAme paNa mAthuM UMcakyuM che. evA kavio ema mAne che ke kALa bhale mANasane bharakhI jAya, paNa enI P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

Page #478
arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 477 mRtine jhUMTavI zakato nathI. to kyAreka vaLI A kALano mahimA samajI janAra kALaneja vinaMtI kare che sadgata svajananI vismRti na thAya e mATe, koIka kavi kALane "namero' kahe che. kALa kyAMka vyaktirUpe nirUpAyo che. ene mAtra dADhI ane tAlake TAla hovAnI koIke vaLI kalpanA karI che. kALanI karavata kyAre mAnavane khatama kare, e koI jANI zakatuM nathI. to koIke kALane rAkSasa kahyo. je enI mAyAvIjALa samagra vizva para satata phelAvato rahe che. kALanA krUra kaTAkSane pAmara manuSya samajI nathI zakato. tetara para bAja jhApaTa mAre ema kALa mAnava para tUTI paDe che. to vaLI kyAMka A kALane mulAyamarUpe paNa varNavavAmAM Avyo che. koIka kavie A kALa satata mAnava jIvanamAM gulAba verato lAgyo che. A kALa ja badhuM bhulAve che. kALa ja smaraNo paNa Ape che. duHkhane paNa A kALa ja bhulAve che ne ? A ja kALa zAzvata caitanyanI lhANa paNa kare che. rajanI ane divasane kALanI be pAMkho kalpavAmAM AvI che. A kALa niSpakSa ane nirpakSa hovAnuM paNa kahevAyuM che. A mahAkALanI gatine je oLakhI zake, enuM mahattva pramANI zake e mRtyu samaye duHkha na pAme. kavioe kAlAbdhinA tAMDavanRtyanI kalpanA paNa karI che. A kAlAbdhino kinAro te mRtyu. kALano pravAha amITa ane athAha che. samagrajIvana eka kALayAtrA che. kALanuM rUpa kyAreka vighaTita ane chalanAbharyuM paNa hoya che. virATa samayapaMkhInI thapATo satata vAgyA kare che. koIke kALane pazu sAthe sarakhAvyo che. je maLyuM te e potAnA udaramAM orge jAya che. badhuMja khape che ene. A kALane mATe sau sarakhAM che. kALa ghaDiyALamAM ghUMTAtI bArAkhaDI jevo che. "zokasabhAmAM be miniTanuM mauna e paNa kALanuM ja ghaTaka' "janma pahelAnA, ne mRtyu pachInA kALanA nirAmaya svarUpano kSaNAI sAkSAtkAra kyAreka kavine thayo che. Izvara karatAM paNa vadhu bhedI ane akaLa che A kALa. sadgata bALaka, ke sagata priyajananI smRtine harI na levAnI vinaMti pAchI A kALane ja karavI paDe. A kALa ane mRtyu parasparanA paryAya che. jo ke kALa to mRtyuthIye mahAna. kALano hukama mRtyue mAnavo paDe. koIka kavine kALanA mahuvaranI viSamatAno DaMkha vAgyo che. kavio to kyAreka kALanA mukAmane jItavAnI khvAhiza paNa rAkhe che. to koIka kavie dhI TyUmara oNpha TAIma"nI vAta karI che. A kAlagraMthi' satata dhabake che. ene Adi, madhya, aMta nathI. avirata che kevaLa A samaya. koIke kALane "budo madArI' kahyo. kALanuM phaLa roja vikasyA kare che. mRtyu eTale maranAra mATenA samayanuM pUrNavirAma. samaya nahi, vyakti pasAra thAya che. kALa kadI ghaDiyALamAM nathI purAto. "huM samaya chuM, eTale marato nathI' ema kALa satata ApaNane kahyA kare che. mRtyu vakhate maranArano samaya paNa mukta thaI jAya che. maranAra mATe pachI vAra, kalAka, miniTo kazuM ja rahetuM nathI. kALacakra kazAnI rAha jotuM nathI, samaya mRtyu bhoMkatuM zULa che, e ja to laI Ave che pelA mRtyune. A samayano ekatAro satata vAgyA kare che. trikALajJAnIe paNa aMte kALane vaza thavuM paDe. "mRtyu kALano ja pukAra'. mANasa A kALanI sAme paDakAra pheMkavAno prayatna bhale kare, paNa e phAvato nathI. karuNa Akroza cho kALa Ave ziziroya Ave" ema bolAve che, paNa aMte to mAnave e kALaneja vaza thavuM paDe che. je manuSyanI lAcArI bolI UThe che "are are' P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak

Page #479
arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 0 478 mAnavane kAMI icchAmRtyunuM varadAna maLyuM nathI. ne kadAca koIne AvuM varadAna maLyuM paNa hoya to enI khuda ene paNa jANa nathI. paNa A to badhA kalpanAnI pAMkhe viharanArA kavio. saue viziSTa prakAranI mRtyu jhaMkhanAone emanI kavitAmAM kaMDArI che, ne mRtyuneya ramaNIya banAvI dIdhuM che. kyAreka jIvananA nirvedane kAraNe mRtyune nimaMtraNa apAyuM che. koIke muktinI vAMchanA karI che, to koIke punarjanmanI. koIke A janmanA ja mAtApitA, anya janme mAtApitA bane evI abhilASA vyakta karI che. navajanma pAmavA mATe koIke mRtyuno abhilASa sevyo che. koIke madhuruM maraNa icchayuM. koIka kavie maravA mATe bhavya prasaMganI icchA vyakta karI, to koIke bhavya icchAmRtyu vAMchayuM. koIka kavie amRtane pAmavAnI abhIpsA vyakta karI. mRtyu pAseja amIbhikSAnI yAcanA karI. kyAMka vatanamAM mRtyu pAmavAnI jhaMkhanA paNa vyakta thaI che. kavio cheka sudhI kAryarata rahevA icche che. mRtyu madhura rUpa dharIne potAne laI jAya evI jhaMkhanA ghaNA kavioe vyakta karI che. jIvatAM jIvatAM maraNanI vAto karavI ne priya svajananI AMkha sAme ja kharI paDavuM, ne kharyA pachI priyAnAM AMsuthI bhItarane bhItara khIlI UThavuM e koIka kavine gamatI vAta che. oDenane maLyuM hatuM evuM icchAmRtyu ghaNA kavioe vAMchayuM che. to koIka vaLI mRtyubAda potAne koI yAda na kare evI icchA paNa vyakta karI che. anya janmamAM svajanone maLavAnI paNa tRSNA vAsanA kavi icchatA nathI, to koIke "svastha, zAMta, ajaMpA ke udhAmA vinAnuM mRtyu icchayuM che. koIka to mRtyune evI prArthanA kare che ke, mRtyu khUba dhImethI Ave, jethI svajanone khalela na pahoMce. koIkanI vaLI pharI janmavA mATe marI javAnI icchA vyakta thaI che. koIkane mRtyunizAveLAe suMdara smaraNauDuo mUkI javAM che. koIkane mIThuM hUMphALuM mota joIe che. sahaja, svastha, suMdara tAjagIbharyuM mRtyu paNa icchI javAyuM che koIkathI, mRtyu avasara banI rahe evI jhaMkhanAya vyakta thaI che. potAnA mRtyu samaye, priyajana potAnI khullI AMkhane DhAMkI de, ne priyajana pAse pote gulAba banI khIlI UThe evI tamannA paNa koIke vyakta karI che. koIke naciketAnI jema bALaka banIne mRtyunuM rahasya jANavAnI IcchA karI che. Ama to maravA ja na mAgatA, paNa maravAnuM jo pharajiyAta hoya to vanavagaDAmAM, paroDhanA chellA kalaravamAM, uSAnA maMgalotsava TANe, ziyALAmAM sabhInI mATI para taraNAnA nIravamAM cupacApa maravA IcchatA kavi paNa che. mRtyuno avAja to sarvatra che. paNa A kolAhalanA pArAvAramAM mANasane mRtyuno avAja saMbhaLAto nathI. pratyeka hRdayadhabakAra sAthe vaNAyelo A mRtyuno avAja karNasyakarNa jene maLyAM che ene saMbhaLAya, ne mRtyunuM svarUpa netrasyanetra dharAvanArane dekhAya. tyArabAda ja pAmI zakAya ke, zvAsanI lIlA sameTavAnI kriyA e mRtyu nathI. kavione dekhAya che e mRtyunuM rU5, ne smazAnane bIje cheDe phUTelA navAM pAnanuM, navuM janmasvarUpa paNa. saMdhyAnI chellI pAMkhaDI vilAI jAya che, ne e ja paLe bIje kyAMka uSAnI AMkhaDI UghaDe che. ahI kokanuM mRtyu thAya che, ne bIje kyAMka jIvananuM popacuM khUle che. ne Ama jo astitvano aMta nathI, to mRtyuno avakAza kyAM? eka navI kUMpaLa phUTe, navuM AkAza vyApe, navuM paMkhI Tahuke, e mATe rikta thavAnuM P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. : Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

Page #480
1 arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 479 che. navuM khoLiyuM, navuM phlevara, navI vasaMta, navA zabdo, navo janma, jIvana bALa kadAca evuM prabhAvaka ke mRtyunA iMDAne phoDI bahAra nIkaLe. mRtyune mahAta karI jIvana potAnA svatvane prabhAvaka rIte pragaTa kare che. ApaNA kavioe A vAta paNa vAraMvAra abhivyakta karI che. caitanya samudranI anaMtatAmAM kavione zraddhA che. badhuMja naSTa thaI gayA pachI paNa pelo "punarapi'no maMtra enuM kArya karato ja rahevAno. cArebAju sarvatra sthAIbhAva rUpe mRtyu sthapAyeluM hovA chatAM, A mRtyu ja jANe ke vAMsaLI vagADIne bolAvyA kare che. ne pelI cetanA dhUpa thaI UDI jAya che. piMjaramAM rahI jAya che kevaLa kAyA. sAjIMdAnAM vAjiMtronI svara-saravANI saMbhaLAya che. lagnanI jemaja mRtyumilana vAjate gAjate thAya che. Ama arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM vividha kavioe suMdara nirUpaNa karyuM che. "mRtyu' jevA gahana viSayanI abhivyakti chatAM, khAsa tattvajJAnano bhAra nathI ladAyo. gujarAtI kavitAmAM "mRtyu' "satyam zivam suMdaram ' banIne mhoryuM che, ne enI vacce vacce vahyo che karuNano jharo. A badhuM vAMcyA vicAryA pachI ema lAge che ke, mRtyu vize vividha kalpanAoe vividha abhivyakti sAdhI che, ne sarasa sAdhI che, ne topaNa "mRtyune samajavAnI mAnavanI mathAmaNa avirata che. kAraNa "mRtyu e avirata vaNaukalyo prazna ja rahyuM che. to "mRtyu pachI zuM? e prazna paNa eka mahAprazna banI rahe che. pAdaTIpa a.naM. vigata pRSTha naMbara sureza jozIthI sureza jozI DaoN. sumana zAha 11 2. ejana 119 ejana 122 147 saMcetanA" rAdhezyAma zarmA 45 vamaLanAM vana' jagadIza jozI (prastAvanA makaraMda dave) ejana 8. "monTAkaoNlAja' jagadIza jozI ejana 10. 'lagharo' lAbhazaMkara ThAkara 1ba. "mana" harIndra dave 11. "kyAM ? rameza pArekha 118 12. "khaDiMga' rameza pArekha 130 13. ejana 131 14. ejana 131 15. "baraphanAM paMkhI anila jozI 70 16. "AkAzamAM tArAo cUpa che DaoN. jayA mahetA 70 17. "eka divasa DaoN. jayA mahetA (prastAvanA yazavaMta zukla) 9 18. "AkAzamAM tArA cUpa che" DaoN. jayA mahetA 19 19. "haoNspiTala poemsa' DaoN. jayA mahetA 11 praveza pannA nAyaka 168 talAza' vipIna parIkha 22. ejana P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust ejana 74 mh fy

Page #481
upara 144 175 88 3ra. 85 41 39 40 ja pa3 arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 480 23. "tame' mAdhava rAmAnuja 24. "rUparomAMca zazizivama 25. "svagata' yosepha mekavAna 264. "aTakaLa" manoja khaMDeriyA 26ba. ejana 27. "chaMdo che pAMdaDAM jenAM bhagavatIkumAra zarmA 28. sUrajamukhI * rakSA dave 29. ejana 30. ejana 31. nizigaMdhA' rakSA dave ekAMtavAsa' satIza DaNAka ejana. 34. ejana 35. kalaravanAM pagalAM jamana kuMDAriyA 36. tarpaNa" yogezvarajI 37. bhammariyuM madha jitendra vyAsa 38. "kalki' jayendra zekhaDIvALA '39. zabdAMcala dakSA desAI 40. nirjaLA nadI dakSA desAI 41. "sUrajanA zaheramAM niraMjana bhaTTa 4ra. ejana 43. "puSpAMjali caitanyabALA diveTiyA 44. . "itarA' sureza jozI 45. "tathApi" sureza jozI 46. "taraNAM makaraMda dave 47. "monTA kolAja jagadIza jozI 48. samAgama' sureza dalAla 49. AkAza" jagadIza jozI 50. "monTAkolAja jagadIza jozI 51. mANasanI vAta lAbhazaMkara ThAkara para. ejana 'bUma kAgaLamAM korA' lAbhazaMkara ThAkara 54. 'lagharo' lAbhazaMkara ThAkara 55. athavA" gulAma mohammada sUraja kadAca Uge' harikRSNa pAThaka pa7. "kSaNonA mahelamAM cinu modI 58. "zApita vanamAM cinu modI 59. UghaDatI dIvAlo , caMdrakAMta zeTha 60. paDaghAnI pele pAra' caMdrakAMta zeTha 61. ejana 62. ejana 63. ejana 64. ejana pa3 41 47 28 47 che 0. J D 53. 39 50 para . 45 17 54 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

Page #482
98 107 - 28 85 88 che 78 83 110 125 arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 481 65. ejana 66. ejana 67. "aMgata' - rAvajI paTela 68. ejana 69, ejana 70. ejana ejana 72. ejana ejana navonmeSa sureza jozI 75. "zabdanI zakti" umAzaMkara jozI 76. "zabdanI zakti umAzaMkara jozI 77e. ejana 77ba. "mauna' harIndra dave 77ka. "yAtI" harIndra dave 78, "kyAM ? rameza pArekha 79, "khaDiMga' rameza pArekha 80. '0' rameza pArekha 81. ejana ejana 83. ejana ejana 85. ejana 86. ejana sananana' rameza pArekha ejana 89. ejana 90. baraphanAM paMkhI' anila jozI 91. ejana 92. ejana 93. "oDiyusanuM halesuM" sitAMzu yazazcaMdra 94. ejana ejana 96. ejana 97. ejana 98. "eka divasa DaoN. jayA mahetA 99. "haoNspiTala poemsa" DaoN. jayA mahetA . 100. ejana 101. ejana 102. "haoNspiTala poemsa" DaoN. jayA mahetA 103. ejana 104. "philADelphiA' pannA nAyaka 105. "praveza" pannA nAyaka 73 89 151 87. 79 103 34 11 24 P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

Page #483
ra8 40 124 39 80 6 49 48 89 che. che arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 482 106. ejana 107. ejana 108, "niata" pannA nAyaka 109. "arasaparasa" pannA nAyaka 110. "AzaMkA" vipIna parIkha 111. ejana 112. ejana 113. ejana 114. ejana 115. "Amoda' zrIkAMta mAhulIkara 116. "svagata' yosepha mekavAna 117. "aTakaLa " manoja khaMDeriyA 118. ejana 119. ejana 120. ejana 121. "saMbhava' bhagavatIkumAra zarmA 122. "nirvANa" nItina mahetA 123. "kAvyo" ziva paMDyA 124. ejana 15. "nimiya' pIyUSa paMDyA 126. "chIpalAM meghanAda bhaTTa 127. "alupha ajita ThAkora 128. "kiMvadantI' jayendra zekhaDIvALA 129, "aMtaHsthA' puSpA bhaTTa 130. "kimapi' aniruddha brahmabhaTTa 131. "zabdAMcala' dakSA desAI 13ra. "nirjaLAnadI' dakSA desAI 133. ejana 134. ejana 135. ejana 136. ejana 137. ejana 138. "jaLanI AMkhe yajJeza dave 139. ejana 140. ejana 141. "puSpAMjali' caitanyabALA diveTiyA 142. "manogatA" jayAnaMda dave 143. "AgiyA" dhIrubhAI parIkha . 144. mANasanI vAta" lAbhazaMkara ThAkara 145. "lagharo" lAbhazaMkara ThAkara 146. "aMgata" rAvajI paTela : 147e. '' rameza pArekha 147ba. "mauna" harIndra dave P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

Page #484
27 29 63 208 16 100 arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 483 147ka. "hayAtI' harIndra dave 1473. "hayAtI" harIndra dave 148. "oDiyusanuM halesuM" sitAMzu yazazcaMdra 149. "venizana blAInDa Do. jayA mahetA 150. "oNspiTala poemsa" DaoN. jayA mahetA 151. ejana 15raa, ejana 1paraba. ejana DaoN. jayA mahetA 153. ejana 154. "talAza' vipIna parIkha 155. "svagata' yosepha mekavAna 156, "utsugha' pravINa darajI 157. "chando che pAMdaDAM jenAM bhagavatIkumAra zarmA 158. "tarpaNa' yogezvarajI 159. ejana 160. "puSpAMjali" . caiitanyabahena diveTiyA 161. "jaLanI AMkhe' yajJeza dave 162. lahero jaLe' kanu suthAra 163 ejana 164. "kSaNonuM Albama suzIlA jhaverI 165. "amala piyAsI makaraMda dave 166. 'paDaghAnI pele pAra' caMdrakAMta zeTha 167. "zabdanI zakti umAzaMkara jozI 168a, "sananana' rameza pArekha 168ba. "hayAtI" harIndra dave 168ka. "mauna' harIndra dave 169. "hospiTala poemsa" DaoN. jayA mahetA 170. ejana 171. ejana 172. "praveza" pannA nAyaka 173. ujjavala zarvarI' kamala vaidha 174. "tarpaNa" yogezvarajI 175. "jIbha uparano dhvaja praphulla paMDyA 176, ejana 177. "sureza jozIthI sureza jozI DaoN. sumana zAha 178. ejana 179. "itarA" sureza jozI 180. "itarA sureza jozI ( 181e.ejana 181ba.ejana 182. ejana 183. "mANasanI vAta lAbhazaMkara ThAkara 184. "zabdanI zakti" umAzaMkara jozI 15 24 20 31 6ra 12 139 18 25 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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* 85 V = , 62 arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 484 185e.ejana 18paba.ejana 186. ejana umAzaMkara jozI 187. "kyAM rameza pArekha 188. "kadAca" rameza pArekha 189. "talAza' vipIna parIkha 190. "rUparomAMca' zazizivam 191. ulledha' pravINa darajI 192. "lIlo abhAva" karazana luhAra 193. "kalaravanAM pagalAM" jamana kuMDAriyA 194. "nirjaLAnadI' dakSA desAI 195. ejana 196. "itarA" sureza jozI 197. "kSaNonuM Albama suzIlA jhaverI 198. "kAlagraMthi lAbhazaMkara ThAkara 199, ejana : 200. ejana 201. "sUraja kadAca Uge' harikRSNa pAThaka 202. "aMgata rAvajI paTela 203. 'tva' na rameza pArekha 204. ejana 205. "sUrajano hAtha yosepha mekavAna 206. "acAnaka' manoja khaMDeriyA 207. "aTakaLa' manoja khaMDeriyA 208, "yaralava" hasamukha maDhIvALA ra09. "kAvyo' ziva paMDyA 210. "sAtamI Rtu' maNilAla ha. paTela ra1 18. "jaLanI AMkhe' yaza dave 211ba. ejana 21ra. ejana 213. "sureza jozIthI sureza jozI DaoN. sumana zAha 214. "aMgata rAvajI paTela 215. "samakAlIna kavio DaoN. dhIru parIkha 216. "ekAMtavAsa" satIza DaNAka 217. "yatibhaMga maheza jozI 218. "anAhata suzIlA jhaverI 219. kairavavana" suzIlA jhaverI rara0. "vamaLanAM vana" jagadIza jozI rara1. ejana rarara. "tamasA" raghuvIra caudharI rara3. "pavana rUperI" caMdrakAMta zeTha rara44.ejana rara4ba. rAnerI maNilAla desAI 127 49 che. 0 OM >> 42 116 64 34 ( 45 112 109 717ra 73 30 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust.

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62 143 17 34 34 70 61 54 65 60 43 arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 485 225. "aMgata' rAvajI paTela rara6. "khaDiMga' rameza pArekha 27. "pariprazna yazavaMta trivedI ra28. ejana 229. ejana 230. "paridevanA yazavaMta trivedI ra31. "yaralava' hasamukha maDhIvALA ra3ra. "chIpalAM" meghanAda bhaTTa 233. ejana 234. "saMcetanA" rAdhezyAma zarmA 235. "khaMDita AkAza' prIti senaguptA 236. ejana 23:7. "yatibhaMga" maheza jozI 238. "mAre nAmane daravAje lAbhazaMkara ThAkara 239. "ToLAM avAja ghoMghATa" lAbhazaMkara ThAkara 240. tva' rameza pArekha 241. ejana ra42. ejana 243. ejana 244. "praveza pannA nAyaka 245. 'taMdrA" mahendra jozI ra46. "ajanavI vastImAM dinakara zAha 247. ejana 248. "kadAca kavitA rAju pArekha 249, "kSaNonuM Albama suzIlA jhaverI 250. "AkAzamAM tArA cUpa che" DaoN. jayA mahetA 2pa1. "praveza' pannA nAyaka rapara. "zvAsano zvAsa zazizivam 253. "AzleSA' yazavaMta trivedI 254. "vismayanuM paroDha guNavaMta zAha 255. "nirjaLA nadI dakSA desAI 256. ejana 257. "sIttera gujarAtI kavayitrIo gItA parIkha 258. ejana 259. "ekAvana" udayana Thakkara 260. "ekAvana udayana Thakkara ra61. ejana 43 46 e 25 47. Mo = 40 116 99 51 72 72 - 195 195 34 34 P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 486 saMdarbhagraMthasUci (kAvyagraMtho temaja vivecana pustako) "akhAbhagatanA chappA' saMpA. bhUpendra trivedI, bAlakRSNa trivedI, anasUyA bhUpendra trivedI. "akho eka adhyayana umAzaMkara jozI, gujarAta vidyAsabhA, amadAvAda. (saMzodhita-saMvardhita bIjI AvRtti) - 1973. prakAzaka yazavaMta zukla, sa. maMtrI, gu. vidyAsabhA akho eka svAdhyAya DioN. ramaNalAla dha. pAThaka, saMta kavizrI sAgara prakAzana TrasTa vaDodarA pukha-2 prakA. vaDodarA. prathama AvRtti-7 phebruArI, 1976. agni ' amRta ghAyala, prakA. zrImatI bhAnumatI amRtalAla bhaTTa rAjakoTa-36002. pra. A. 1982. arcana' prabodha pArAzarya, prakA. mukuMdarAya vijayazaMkara paTTaNI, prabodharAya mANekalAla bhaTTa. pra. A. saMvata 1994, I.sa. 1938. acAnaka manoja khaMDeriyA, prakA. zivajI Azara, amadAvAda-380001, pra.A. 1970. ajavAsa' rakSA dave, prakA. zAradAbahena pra. dave, bhAvanagara-364001. paprara. A. 1986. ajanavI vastImAM dinakara zAha 'jaya' prakA. dinakara zAha "jaya' zAhapura, amadAvAda38001. mukhya vikretA gUrjara ejansI, gAMdhIroDa, amadAvAda 38001. pra.A. ogasTa 1985. ajANI sugaMdha" AkAza Thakkara, prakA. AkAza Thakkara, amadAvAda-380027, pra.A.mArca 1990. aTakaLa manoja khaMDeriyA, prakA. zivajI Azara. vorA enDa kaMpanI amadAvAda-380001. pra.A. 1979. aDoaDa bhAnuprasAda paMDyA, prakA. zivajI Azara, vorA enDa kaMpanI gAMdhImArga, amadAvAda-380001. pra.A. 1987. athavA' gulAma mohammada zekha, prakAza. bhadra, buTAlA, buTAlA enDa ke, vaDodarA-1, pra.A. 1974. aparAjitA pUjalAla-prakA. pUjAlAla, zrI araviMda Azrama, poMDicerI, pra.A.1979. abhilASa" sva. bahena zrImatI prakA. zrI rAmakRSNa sevA samiti, amadAvAda1. prakA. viSNuprasAda ratanarAma DAkora, pahelI AvRtti okTobara 1945. anAhata suzIlA jhaverI, prakA. sazIlA jhaverI, muMbaI-7, vikretA ena.ema.tripAThI prA. li. muMbaI-2, pra.A. 199. anunaya' jayaMta pAThaka prakA. bAbubhAI joSI, kumakuma prakAzana, pra.A. 1978. anubhUti' manasukhalAla jhaverI, prakA. bhurAlAla ra. zeTha, prakA. ane pustaka vikretA-Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, muMbaI, pra.A. 1956. abhisAra , manasukhalAla jhaverI prakAza. ena. ema. tripAThI, balaselarsa - pablizarsa, muMbaI. pra.A. 1947. 19. "amala piyAsI saMpA. sureza dalAla (makaraMda davenI kavitA) praka. esa. ena. DI. TI. yunivarsiTI vatI, dhanIbhAI zAha, navabhArata sAhitya maMdira, amadAvAda-1. pra.A. 1980.. 20. "amRtA" devajI 2. moDhA, prakA, devajI rA. moDhA, porabaMdara-360575, mukhya vikretA-navabhArata sAhitya maMdira, muMbaI, amadAvAda. pra.A. 1982. .P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S.. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 487 21. "arasaparasa pannA nAyaka, prakA. rajisTrAra, esa.ena.DI.TI. yunivarsiTI, muMbaI-40002. mukhya vikretA-navabhArata sAhitya maMdira, muMbaI 4000ra, amadAvAda-380001. pra.A. 1989. "alasagamanA', bhAnuprasAda trivedI, prakA. kRSNakAnta madrAsI, Adarza prakAzana, amadAvAda-380001. pra.A. 1975. "alapha ajita ThAkora, prakA. ajitasiMha IzvarasiMha ThAkora, mukhya vikretA sAhitya saMgama, gopIpurA, surata. pra.A. me-1981. "astavastu nalina paMDyA, praka. bI. Thakkara, prakA. rUpAlI pablikezana, amadAvAda-1. pra.A.1989. "astitva sureza dalAla, prakA. zivajI Azara, vorA enDa kaMpanI, amadAvAda 1. pra.A. 1973. azubha" maphata ojhA, prakA. kRSNakAnta madrAsI, Adarza prakAzana, amadAvAda 38001. pra.A. 1976. "aSTama kAMDa' "kurukSetra mAyAvI saMdhyA', vi.saM. 1996/ I.sa. 1939, AvRtti 1lI, 1939, (saMdeza dIpotsavI aMkamAM). "avAntara' bakuleza desAI, prakAza, bakuleza desAI, hariparA, surata. vikretA zrI gAyatrI pustaka bhaMDAra, surata-395003. pra.A. ogasTa 1983. 29. "arvAcIna gujarAtI sAhityanI che. dhIrubhAI ThAkara, prakA. zAMtilAla go. zAha, gurjara vikAsarekhA' bhAga-1 graMtha kAryAlaya, amadAvAda. navamI AvRtti, saMzodhita saMvardhitasaMskaraNa-1981. 30. "arvAcIna kavitA suMdaram, gujarAta vidyAsabhA, amadAvAda, prakA. jeThAlAla jIvaNalAla gAMdhI, sa.maMtrI gujarAta vidyAsabhA, bhadra, amadAvAda 1. AvRtti trIjI, 1965. 31. aMkita lAlabhAI paTela, prakAza. saMgItA paTela, sAkSara prakAzana, amadAvAda, mukhya vikretA gurjara graMtharatna kAryAlaya, amadAvAda. pra.A. uttarAyaNa, 1979. rajanI zeTha, prakA. rajanIkAMta jI. zeTha, surata. pra.A. 1962. 33. "aMgata rAvajI paTela, prakA. bhagatabhAI bhurAlAla zeTha, prakA. Ara.Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, muMbaI-2, amadAvAda-1. dvitIya AvRtti-1982. aMtasthA puSmA bhaTTa, prakA. puSpA nAnAlAla bhaTTa, kapaDavaMja, pra.A.1983. 35. aMtarIkSa prabodharAya mANekalAla bhaTTa prakA. zrI mRgeza prabodharAya bhaTTa, 1181, kRSNanagara, bhAvanagara. prathama AvRtti I.sa.1962, saMvata 2018. AkAza jagadIza jozI, prakA. zivajI Azara, vorA enDa kaMpanI, amadAvAda-1. pra.A. 197ra. 'AkAzamAM tArAo jayA mahetA, prakAza. zrImatI kamalinI harSada bhaNasAlI, zrImatI nAthIbAI dAmodara ThAkarazI mahilA vidyApITha, muMbaI4Co20. mukhya vikretA-navabhArata sAhitya maMdira, amadAvAda 1. pra.A. 1985. Agamana' marIjha" prakA. girIza Ara. Thakkara, sumana prakAzana, muMbaI-40000, trIjI AvRtti ogasTa 1986. 40. "AgiyA dhIru parIkha, (hAIkusaMgraha), prakA. kaviloka TrasTa vatI, rAjendra zAha, kaviloka prakAzana, amadAvAda-380001. pra.A.1982. 41. 'ApaNAM khaMDakAvyo' (gUrjara graMtha kAryAlaya), prakA. tathA vikretA kAMtilAla go. zAha, gUrjara graMtha ratna kAryAlaya, gAMdhI cAra rastA, amadAvAda. saMpAdako. 34. cUpa che? P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 488 DaoN. dhIrubhAI ThAkara. . cimanalAla trivedI, pro. caMdrazaMkara bhaTTa (punarmudraNa-bIjuM-1971). 42. "ApaNo sAMskRtika vAraso le. paramAnaMda mA. gAMdhI, prakA. kanabhAI vorA, vorA enDa kaMpanI pablizarsa prA. limiTeDa, muMbaI-2. dri.A. 1970. 3. 'Arata" devajI rA. moDhA, prakA. devajI rAmajI moDhA, prAptisthAna-gaMgAzaMkara becarabhAI trivedI, kAMti prinTIMga presa, porabaMdara, pra.A. 1959. ArAdhanA prakAzaka-manasukhalAla jhaverI, bhurAlAla ra. zeTha, Ara.Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, muMbaI 1958. "Adra uzanas, prakA. sureza parasottamadAsa dalAla, lipinI prinTarI, muMbaI, pra.A. jAnyu. 1961. Alabela" karasanadAsa mANeka, prakA. maganalAla zeTha, sola ejanTra, gujarAta pustaka bhaMDAra, karAMcI. pra.A. saMvata 1992, kArataka sudi ekama. AzaMkA vipina parIkha, prakA. zivajI Azara, vorA enDa kaMpanI, amadAvAda-1. pra.A. 1975. Asava' harIndra dave, prakA. zivajI Azara, vorA enDa kaMpanI, amadAvAda. pra.A. 1976. "AzleSa' hasamukha maDhIvALA, prakA. zarada rAmalAla zAha, pragati sAhitya maMdira, surata pra.A. 1956. AzleSA" che. yazavaMta trivedI, prakA. ena. ema. tripAThI prA. li. muMbaI 400002. pra.A. 1988. AmodI zrIkAnta mAhulIkara, prakA. zrIkAnta mAhalIkara, rAyapu2, amadAvAda-1. mukhya vikretA-gUrjaragraMtha kAryAlaya, pra.A. 1965. AMkha AMsu ne zvAsa ghanazyAma gaDhavI, prakAza. kintu, nihArikA prakAzana, amadAvAda 380021. pra.A. 1987. pa3. "AMsu ane cAMdaraNuM' rAdhezyAma zarmA, prakA. trimUrti prakAzana, amadAvAda-380001. dvi.A. 1983. ikarAra' kismata kurezI, prakA. ramaNIka Thakkara, sumana prakAzana, muMbaI-9. pra.A. 1970. 55. "Ijana ka rI phakIramahamda manasurI, prakA. De. omAnaMda rU. sArasvata, pramukha, rUpa sahakAra, vallabhavidyAnagara, mukhya vikretA-gUrjara graMtharatna kAryAlaya, pra.A. 1967. 56. "itarA sureza ha. jozI, prakA. buTAlA prakAzana, vaDodarA-1. pra.A. guDIpaDavo saM. 20ra9. 57. "ilAkAvyo' 'ratana ane bIjAM badhAM caMdravadana cI. mahetA. prakA. bhAratI sAhityasaMgha li. 'ratananA umerA sAthenI, sudhArelI vadhArelI tu.A. 19para. 58. "islAmadarzana ismAIlabhAI nAgorI, saradAra paTela yunivarsiTI (va.vi.nagara) mudraka ane prakAzaka-kAMtibhAI aM. amIna, kulasaciva, saradAra paTela yuni. presa. va.vi.nagara. 59. indrajItavadha (mahAkAvya) kartA dolatarAma kRpArAma paMDyA (naDIAda) vi.A. (zuddhibuddhi sAthe) sane 1913 saMvata 1969, prasiddhakartA nayanasukhalAla harilAla paMDyA, muMbaI. 60. indradhanuM suMdarajI beTAI, prakAzaka Ara.Ara.zeThanI kaMpanI, pra.A. kArataka 1966, I.sa. 1939. 61. "ughADa dhIru parIkha, prakA. bAbubhAI joSI, kumakuma prakAzana, amadAvAda380001. pra.A. 1979. P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 489 62. "ujjavala zarvarI kamala vaidya, prakA. kamala vaidya, rAjakoTa, vitaraka-graMthAgAra, navaraMgapurA, amadAvAda-380009. pra.A. julAI 1985, 63. "ujharaDA amara pAlanapurI, prakA. mInAkSI mAraphatiyA, surata pra.A. 1989. utkaMdha' pravINa darajI, prakA. pulasA prakAzana, vaDodarA. pra.A. 1985. . "uttarAyana' dezaLajI paramAra, prakAzaka paramasukha paMDyA, ena. ema. tripAThI, li. bukaselarsa enDa pablizarsa, muMbaI. pra.A. 1954. "uttarIya' indulAla gAMdhI, prakAzaka e. Ara. aMbANI enDa ke, rAjako... pra.A. 1962. udgAra' nalina rAvaLa, prakA. tArAcaMda mANe caMda ravANI, ravANI prakAzana gRha, amadAvAda: pra.A. 1962. unmeSa' iMdulAla gAMdhI, prakA, indulAla gAMdhI, "atithi' kAryAlaya, morabI (saurASTra) pra.A. 1948. 'upaniSada navanIta' hindI lekhaka paMDita vAsudevazaraNa agravAla, prinsesa sTrITa, muMbaI2. anu. zAstrI jayanArAyaNa bhaTTa, sastuM sAhitya mudraNAlaya, (ki.A. 1977). 70. "uranAM AMsu" (karuNaprazasti) surezA majamudAra, prakA. ramAkAnta majamudAra, vilepArle, muMbaI- . 57. mukhya vikretA-vorA enDa kuM. pablizarsa prA. li. pra.A. 1965. 71. "UghaDatI dIvAlo caMdrakAnta zeTha, prakA. bhagatabhAI bhurAlAla zeTha, Ara.Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, mubaMI-C0002amadAvAda-380001, 72. "UghaDatAM bIja lInA maMgaLadAsa, prakA. lInA maMgaLadAsa, zreyasa, amadAvAda-7. pra.A. 1966. 73. "UrNanAbha cinu modI, prakA. bhikhubhAI Thakkara, rUpAlI prakAzana, amadAvAda 4. pra.A. 1974. 74. "ekaja palaka ajaMpa" pinAkina ThAkora, prakA. pinAkina ThAkora, samanvaya prakAzana, amadAvAda-9, pra.A. ogasTa-1988. 'eka divasa jayA mahetA, prakA. mihikA pablikezansa, muMbaI-4Coco5. pra.A. 1982. ekAMtanI sabhA' jagadIza jozI, prakA. zivajI Azara, vorA enDa kaMpanI, amadAvAda-1, pra.A. 1988. ekAntavAsa satIza DaNAka, prakA. Adarza prakAzana, amadAvAda-38Op1. pra.A. julAI 1981. ekAnta' sureza dalAla, prakA. zivajI Azara, svAti prakAzana, pra.A. 1966. 79. "ekAvana" udayana Thakkara, prakA. zrImatI uSA Thakkara, rajIsTrAra, zrImatI nAthIbAI dAmodara ThAkarasI mahilA vidyApITha, muMbaI. mukhya vikretA-navabhArata sAhitya maMdira, muMbaI-400002. pra.A. 1987. 80. "orisyusanuM halesuM * sitAMzu yazazcaMdra, prakA. bhagatabhAI bhurAlAla zeTha, Ara.Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, muMbaI-4CC002. amadAvAda-38001. pra.A. 1974. 81. "occhava' hasita bUca, prakA. zrI jayotsanAbena ha, bUca, vaDodarA390009. prAptisthAna-gUrjara graMtharatna kAryAlaya, amadAvAda1. pra.A. 1987. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 490 82. 'kadAca anila jozI, prakA. zivajI Azara, vorA enDa kaMpanI, amadAvAda 1. pra.A. 1970. 83. "kadAca' kavitA rAju pArekha, prakA. rannAde prakAzana, rAyapura, amadAvAda-1. pra.A. 1989. 84. kardamapallI' jayendra zekhaDIvALA, prakAza. kAvyasthali prakA. va.vi.nagara, prAptisthAna-paTela yuni. va.vi.nagara-388120. pra.A. 1988. 'kalaravanAM pagalAM jamana kuMDAriyA, prakA. ane mukhya vikretA-me. vidyArthI buka sTorsa, bhAyAvadara, pra.A. okTo-1981. kalki jayendra zekhaDIvALA, prakA. raghuvIra caudharI, gujarAtI sAhitya paripada, zrI bI. ke majamUdAra TrasTa prakAzana, pra.A. 1982. 87. 'kalpanA' ratubhAI desAI, prakA. sau mamatA desAI, vilepArle, muMbaI-57. pra.A. sana 1963. 'kalpanA' lInA maMgaladAsa, prakA. lInAbahena maMgaLadAsa, zAhIbAga, amadAvAda-8, pra.A. 1957. 'kalApIno viraha (kavi tribhuvana premazaMkara) prakA. rAjakoTa, dhI gaNAtrA prinTIMga varkasa, vi.saM.1969, pra.A. I.sa. 1913. * - "kalApIno kekArava' 'pravINa pustaka bhaMDAra' lAbha cembarsa, basasTenDa pAse, rAjakoTa, prakA.zrI ema. 5. paTela, kalyANa TrasTa, rAjakoTa, navasaMskaraNa vi.saM. 2038. 91. kallolinI dAmodaradAsa khuzAladAsa boTAdakara, pra.A.vi.saM. 1968, I.sa. 1912, bhAvanagara "sarasvatI chApakhAnuM 'kalyANikA khabaradAra, ena.ema.tripAThI enDa kaMpanI, bukaselarsa, pablIzarsa, prinsesa sTrITa, muMbaI-2. 93. "kalikA aradezara pharAmajI khabaradAra, mAuMTa roDa, madrAsa, pra.A. saMvata 1982, I.sa. 1926. 94. "kyAM ? rameza pArekha, prakA. zivajI Azara, vorA enDa kaMpanI, gAMdhImArga, amadAvAda-1. prathama AvRtti-1970. 5. 'kAnhaDade prabaMdha khaMDa-1- kavi padmanAbha viracita, saMpA. prA. kAMtilAla baLadevarAma vyAsa, elphinsTana koleja, ena. ema. tripAThI prA. li. pustaka vikretA ane prakAzaka, prinsesa sTrITa, muMbaI-2. 96. kaviloka gujarAtI kavitAnuM Rtupatra, saMsthApaka. rAjendra zAha, taMtrI. dhIru parIkha, TI. esa. eliyaTa, vizeSAMka, zarada-2884. sapTe-okTo1988, saLaMga aMka-1185 dvija aMka-113, navaraMgapurA, amadAvAda-380009. 97. vizrI nhAnAlAla smArakagraMtha saMpAdana samiti, zrI rAmanArAyaNa vi. pAThaka, ravizaMkara jozI, caturabhAI zaM. paTela. anaMtarAya ma. rAvaLa, dudAbhAI go. dhAmeliyA, prakA. rAjakoTa rAjakumAra koleja, kavizrI nhAnAlAla smAraka samiti, premabhakti mudraNAlaya. pAlItANA. vi.saM. 209 I.sa. 1953. 98. kabIra vacanAvalI anu. pinAkina trivedI, saha. anu. raNadhIra upAdhyAya, pra.A. 1972, prA.sthAna. sAhitya akAdamI, ravIndrabhavana, 35, phIrojazAha roDa, navI dilhI-1, 99. 'kAlagraMthi lAbhazaMkara ThAkara, prakA. pArzva prakAzana, ama-1. pra.A. 1989. 10. kAvyaspaMditA" DaoN. gItA parIkha, prakA. gItA parIkha, era, manAlI epA. vikrama sArAbhAI roDa, ama-15. mUlya-65-00, pra.A. 1989. paNa vi. La. tAlAla P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa -491 101. 'kAvya' pujAlAla, prakA, pUjAlA, zrI araviMda Azrama, paDicarI-2. pra.A. 102. "kAvyarasikA' 103. "kAvyAMganA 104. "kAvyo 105. 'kimapi' 106. "kintu 107. 'kIrtana muktAvalI' 108. kurukSetra 109. "kurukSetra 110. kurukSetra 111. kurukSetra 112. kurukSetra nirNayasAgara mudraNAlaya, saM. 1957, I.sa. 1901, muMbaI. racanAra, aradezara pharAmajI khabaradAra. jaTila, prakA. jaTilarAya kezavalAla vyAsa, porabaMdara, pra.A. '45 ziva paMDyA, prakA. nakSatra TrasTa, ama-15. prA.sthAna-Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, gAMdhImArga, ama-1. pra.A. 1979. aniruddha brahmabhaTTa, prakA. bhagatabhAI bhurAlAla zeTha, Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, muMbaI-2. ama-1. pra.A. 198:3. indu puvAra, prakA. bI. Thakkara, rUpAlI prakAzana, ama-4. pra.A. svAminArAyaNa akSarapITha, amadAvAda. prakA, svAminArAyaNa akSarapITha, zAhIbAga roDa, ama-4. saM. 2047 sana-1991. A. sAta-phebruArI-1991. kavi nhAnAlAla, (premabhakti graMthamALA), vi.saM. 1996, I.sa. 1940, prakA. jAnAlAla dalapatarAma kavi. elisapula, * amadAvAda, pra.A. 1940. kavi nhAnAlAla prathamakAMDa, (premabhakti graMthamALA) "raso hai sa' karakSetra prathamakAMDa yugapalaTo vi. 1985, I.sa. 1929. kavi nhAnAlAla, dvitIyakAMDa, "hastinApuranAM nipi' vi.saM. 1986I.sa. 1930. prakA. nhAnAlAla dalapatarAma kavi, bhadra, ama-naM.1. pra.A. 1930. kavi nhAnAlAla tRtIyAkAMDa (nirdhAra) vi.saM. 1996, I.sa. 1940. kavi nhAnAlAla, cotho kAMDa ('yodhaparvaNI') ddhi. A. ane pratijJA, vi.saM. 1984, I.sa. 1928, prakA. nhAnAlAla dalapatarAma kivi, bhadra, ama-1. kavi nhAnAlAla, chaThThAkAMDa-AyuSyanAM dAna" (premabhakti graMthamALA) pra.A. vi.saM.-1996I.sa. 1940, prakA. hAnAlAla dalapatarAma kavi. kavi nhAnAlAla, saptamakAMDa, 'cakramUha hAnAlAla dalapatarAma kavi, pra.A. vi.saM. 1996I.sa. 1940. kavi nhAnAlAla, navamokAMDa, 'sahodaranAM bANa pra. A. vi. saM. 1996I.sa. 1940. kavi nhAnAlAla, dazamokAMDa, 'drI athavA kALano ko' vi. saM. 1986. I.sa. 1930, pra.A. 1930. 'gujarAtInA dIpotsavI aMkamAM ki.A. 1930 (ekAdazakAMDa, 'zarazayyA'), vi.saM. 1986, I.sa. 1929, pra.A. 19ra9. "guNasuMdarI'nA dIpotsavI aMkamAM AvRtti rajI, 1929. maganabhAI caturabhAI paTela, (bIjI AvRtti), sana 1927, * amadAvAda, racanAra, narasiMharAva bhoLAnA bI. e. blyu. vAMdarA, prakA. sI. ena. bradharsa, bukaselarsa enDa pablizarsa, bhAgAtaLAva-surata. sva. bhImarAva bhoLAnAtha kRta chUTaka kAvyono saMgraha, prasiddhartAsatyendra bhImarAva, ama. Aryodaya'-presa. I.sa. 1903, saMvata1959. vAra - Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust 113. "kurukSetra 114. kurukSetra 115. 'kurakSetra' 116. 'kurukSetra" 117. kurukSetra 118, "kusumAMjali 119. "kusumamALA' 120. kusumAMjali P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S.

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(sATachATa) na. 6 tathA 11, A ' S arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 492 121. "kusumaraja' saMpAdako-bhRgurAya aMjAriyA, yazavaMta dozI, "kavi kAnta zatAbdI graMtha' Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, pustaka prakA. ane vikretA muMbaI-2, ama-1. pra.A. 1982. 122. kRSNamUrtinuM jIvanadarzana raNachoDabhAI paTela, trimUrti prakAzana, rilIpharoDa, ama-1. pra.A. 1982483, mukhya vikretA sadUbhAva prakA ratanapoLa, ama.1 123. "kRSNaviraha kavi bhavAnIzaMkara narasiMharAva, chapAvI prasiddha karanAra devacaMda caturabhuja, muMbaI daphatara AzakArA chApakhAnA madhe baherAmajIjI pharadunajInI kaMpanIe chApyuM che. koTa baherAmajI horamasajI (sITasTrITa) naM. 6 tathA 11, sane 1876, saM. 1932. 124. kaDI' 'bAdarAyaNa bhAnuzaMkara vyAsa, prako. paramANaMdAsa pItAMbaradAsa, dhI janarala buka DIpo, bukaselarsa ane pablIzarsa, mubaMI. pra.A.saM. 1997, vasaMtapaMcamI, 1/ra/1941. 125. keTalAMka kAvyo' bhA.-3 'premabhakti graMthamALA' nhAnAlAla dalapatarAma kavi, vi.saM. 1991, I.sa. 1935, pra.A. 126. keTalAMka kAvyo (suMdaramanAM kAvyo), saMpA. niraMjana bhagata, prakA. zivajI Azara, vorA enDa kaMpanI, ama. tRtIya mudraNa-1990. 127. koI rastAnI dhAre dhAre sureza dalAla, praka. zrImatI kamalinI bhaNasAlI, zrImatI nAthIbAI ThAkarasI. mahilA vidyApITha, mukhya vikretA-navabhArata sAhitya maMdira, pra.A.-1985. 128. 'koDiyAM' kRSNalAla zrIdharANI, prakA. vorA enDa kaMpanI pablizarsa prA. li., punamudraNa-1972. 129. "komalariSabha rAjendra zukla, prakA. bI. Thakkara, prakA. rUpAlI pablikezana, rilIpharoDa, ama-1. dri.A.-1983. 130. "koyA bhagatanI kaDavI vANI suMdaram, prakA. Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, dri.A. I.sa. 1967. ane garIbonAM gIto' 131. "keravavana' suzIlA jhaverI, muMbaI-7. vikretA-gUrjara graMtharatna kAryAlaya, ama 1. pra.A. 1981. 132. "khalaka 2janI zeThe, prakA. rASTrabhASA pustaka maMdira, surata. pra.A. 1984. 133, "khaDiMga rameza pArekha, prakA. zivajI Azara. vorA enDa kaMpanI, ama-1. pra.A. 1979. , 134. khaMDita AkAza prIti senaguptA prakA. prIti senaguptA, amadAvAda-380006. mukhya vikretA Ara.Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, muMbaI-2, amadAvAda-s. pra.A. 1985. 135. "khaMDerano jhurApo ratubhAI desAI, prakA. parimala prakAzana pratiSThAna, vatI-mRNAla desAI, pra.A.-1989. 13. "gaMgA satI ema boliyAM re saMpAdaka-sunaMdA horA, amadAvAda jillA samAja kalyANa saMgha, bhadra, 380001. prakAza-sunaMdA horA, amadAvAda-380001. prathama AvRtti-1975. 137. gajendra makSiko" (praNetA) sva. prophesara gajendrarAya gulAbarAya buca, saMpAdaka-prophesara ramaNalAla kanaiyAlAla yAjJika, prakAzaka-rA.rA. gaNezarAya dulerAya buca, prathama AvRtti, I.sa. 1928, saMvata-1984. 138. "gAtAM jharaNAM ganI dahIMvAlA, prakA. ramaNIka Thakkara, sumana prakAzana, muMbaI-8. tRtIya AvRtti-1973. 139. "gAMdhI bApuno pavADo' (traNa bhAgamAM) aradezara pharAmajI khabaradAra, I.sa. 1948, saMvata A 2004, prakAzaka-aradezara pharAmajI khabaradAra, 788, pArasI kolonI, dAdara, muMbaI-14, pahelI AvRtti. P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 493 140. 'gAMdhI bApu aradezara pharAmajI khabaradAra, prakA. aradezara pharAmajI khabaradAra, 788, pArasI kolonI, dAdara, muMbaI. 141. "gAMdhIvihu' (bApuviraha) kavi maNizaMkara dave, prakA. zrImatI maNigaurI, maNizaMkara dave, nAIrobI, po.bo.naM.-10481. pra.A.-1956. 142. "girA nadIne tIra pramukha saMpA.-rameza pArekha, prakA.-mahendrabhAI sI. dave, prApti sthAna-jhAlAvADa roDa, prAMgadhrA-363310. 'atha thI Iti' (sAptAhika) pra. A. 1989. 143. "gItamaMjarI kavi nhAnAlAla, vi. saM. 1984, I.sa. 1928, prakAzaka nhAnAlAla dalapatarAma kavi, AvRtti pahelI, prata-2300. 144. "gIta paMcazatI' ravIndranAtha ThAkura, (sAhitya akAdamI, navI dilhI), 1978, saMpAdaka-IndarAdevI caudharANI, anuvAdaka-nagInadAsa pArekha, umAzaMkara jozI, ramaNalAla sonI, jayaMtIlAla AcArya, sureza ezI, anilA dalAla, bhoLAbhAI paTela. 145. gItAnI yogasAdhanA rohita mahetAnA pustakano anuvAda, anu. Indunhena mahetA, prakAzaka-dinakarabhAI trivedI, nyu oNrDara buka kaMpanI' amadAvAda 380006. (From Mind to supermind). 146. "gurjarI pUjAlAla, prakAzaka-zaMbhulAla jagazIbhAI zAha, vikretA gUrjaragraMtharatna kAryAlaya, amadAvAda. pra.A. 1959. 147. gujarAta loka sAhityamALA' maNako cotho, saMpAdaka-DaoN. maMjulAla 2. majamudAra, guja. rAjaya sarakAra puraskRta zrI puSkara caMdaravAkara, zrI kanaiyAlAla jozI, gujarAta rAjaya zrI puSkara caMdaravAkara, zrI kanavA lokasAhitya samiti, amadAvAda. prathama mudraNa, saMvata-2020. I.sa. 1964. 148, "gujarAtI graMthakAra zreNI' (9) "dayArAma' pravINa darajI, saMpAdaka-ramaNalAla jozI, kumakuma prakAzana, gAMdhIroDa, amadAvAda-1 pAMca rUpiyA-pra.A. mArca-78 149. "gujarAtI gajhalanI saudaryamImAMsA' . razIda mIra, prakA. bAbubhAI ema. zAha, vikretA-pArtha prakAzana, rilIpha roDa, amadAvAda-38001. pra.A. 1992. 150. "gujarAtI sAhitya' (madhyakAlIna) anaMtarAya rAvaLa-mekamilana, dhI mekamilana kaMpanI opha inDiyA li. caturtha AvRtti 1976. 151. "gujarAtI sAhityano itihAsa graMtha-1, sAhitya pariSada, (I.sa. 1150-1450) saMpAdako umAzaMkara jozI, anaMtarAya rAvaLa, yazavaMta zukla, pra.A. 1973 sahAyaka saMpAdaka-cimanabhAI trivedI, prakAzaka-pItAMbara paTela, | (maMtrI) gujarAtI sAhitya pariSada, amadAvAda-9. 152. "gujarAtI sAhityano itihAsa' (I.sa. 1451850) gujarAtI sAhitya pariSada, saMpAdako (graMtha-ra) umAzaMkara jozI, anaMtarAya rAvaLa, yazavaMta zukla, sahAyaka saMpAdaka-cimanalAla trivedI. 153. gujarAtI sAhityano ItihAsa' (dalapatarAmathI klApI), prakA. raghuvIra caudharI, gujarAtI (graMtha-3) sAhitya pariSada, amadAvAda-9. saMpAdako-umAzaMkara jozI, anaMtarAya rAvaLa, yazavaMta zukla, sahAyaka saMpAdaka-cimanalAla trivedI, pra.A. 1978. 154. "gulajhAre zAyarI' zayadA prakA. vijayA prakAzana, muMbaI-6 prathama pustikA phebru-1961. 155. 'gulAla naTavaralAla ma. paTela, prakA. naTavaralAla maganalAla paTela, prAptisthAna-mahAdevI bradharsa, sToka ekseja o9 bilDIMga, dalAla sTrITa muMbaI. pra.A. 1950. 15. gorasI indulAla gAMdhI, prakA, indulAla gAMdhI, samaraseTa sTrITa kempa, karAMcI, kopI rAITa sarva hakka lekhakane svAdhIna, I.sa. 1939, saMvata-1995. P.P.Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 494 157. govardhanarAmazatAbdI smArakagraMtha saMpA. zrI viSNuprasAda trivedI, zrI maganabhAI desAI, zrI upendra che. paMDyA, zrI yazavaMta prA. zukla. 4.kA. zrI govardhanarAma zatAbdI mahotsava samiti-naDIyAda, 1955. 158. gorambhA pachI ja vArija luhAra, prakA. mudrA, amarelI-364601. mukhya vikretA rUpAlI pablikezana, ama-1. pra.A. 1987. 159. ghaDiyALa ane prakA. lInAblena maMgaLadAsa, zreyasa zAhIbAga, ama-4. pra.A. me-1959. 160. 'ghaTanA sureza dalAla, prakA. suzIlA dalAla, mihikA pablikezana, muMbaI. pra.A. 1984. 161. "ghaTA" barakata vIrANI, prakA. girIza Ara. Thakkara, muMbaI-400 09. tU.A. 1987. 12. "caMdanabhInI anAmikA rAjendra zAha, prakA. rAjendra zAha, muMbaI-400007. prA.sthAna graMthAgAra, ama-9, pra.A. 1987. 163. "chaMdo che pAMdaDAM jenAM bhagavatIkumAra zarmA, prakA. bhagatabhAI bhurAlAla zeTha, Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, mubaI-400002. amadAvAda-380001. pra.A. 1987. 164. 'chaMdolaya' niraMjana bhagata, prakA. zivajI Azara, vorA enDa kaMpanI, amadAvAda-1. di.A. 1972. 165. "chIpalAM meghanAda ha. bhaTTa, prakA, nakSatra TrasTa, ama-15. prA.sthAna-Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, pra.A. 1980. 166. caMdrazaMkaranAM kAvyo saM5. kAMtilAla chaganalAla paMDyA, prakA. paramasukha paMDyA, ena. ema. tripAThI enDa kaMpanI, muMbaI-2, pra.A. I.sa. 1942, , vi.sa. 1998. 167. "cIsa' pravINa darajI, prakApuSmA bI. jozI, pradeza prakAzana, ama-1. prA. sthAna kumakuma prakAzana, ama-1. pra.A. 1973. 168. 'citralekhA' ramaNa vakIla, prakA. ramaNalAla naraharilAla vakIla, muMbaI. pra.A. phebruArI-1940, 169, 'citradarzano prakA. zrImatI jayAbahena manoharakavi, lAlakAMkarano baMgalo, kavi nhAnAlAla mArga, ama-6dri.A. I.sa. 1977. 170. 'cidAnaMdA' makaranda dave, navabhArata sAhitya maMdira, muMbaI-400005. pra.A.1985. prakA. dhanajIbhAI pI. zAha, navabhArata sAhitya maMdira, derAsara pAse, gAMdhIroDa, ama-1, muMbaI-40000ra. 171. "jaLanI AMkhe' yajJeza dave, prakA. rAjendra zAha, kaviloka TrasTa, ama-9. pra.A. jAnyuArI-1985. 172. 'jaTAyu" sitAMzu yazazcaMdra, prakA. bhagatabhAI bhurAlAla zeTha, Ara. Ara. hoThanI kaMpanI, muMbaI-4000ra. ama-1. pra.A.1986, 173. "jananI ratubhAI desAI, (eka zokaprazasti), sola ejanTsa, ziSTa sAhitya bhaMDAra, muMbaI. pra.A. 1940. 174. "jyAM darekane pahoMcavuM che kAkA sAheba kAlelakara, prakA. araviMda sa. paMDyA, ena. ema. tripAThI prA. li. muMbaI-2. bIjI saMvardhita AvRtti-1980. 175. "jAnavI nAthAlAla dave, prakA. nAthAlAla dave, ama-1. mukhya vikretA-zrI gUrjara graMtharatna kAryAlaya, pra.A. 1961. 176. "jIbha uparano dhvaja praphulla paMDyA, makA. rAjendra zAha, kaviloka TrasTa, ama-9, pra.A. 1986. 177. "jIvanadAtrI "candrA jADejA (smaraNikA) prakA. zrI padmanA prakAzana, zrI pAdevI jADejA, kalyANa maMdira, rAjakoTa. pra.A. 1969. P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 495 178. "jainadharma dhama' zrI jainatattvaprakAza, AgamodhdhAraka AcAryazrI Amolekha RSijI mahArAja, anu. zrI jhaveracaMda jAdavajI kAmadAra, prakA. dhanarAjabhAI ghAsIrAma koThArI, vyava. zrI lakSmI pustaka bhaMDAra, gAMdhImArga, pharnAnDIjha brIja pAse, ama-1. 179. "jematema indu gosvAmI, prakA. mahendra zAha, caMdramauli prakAzana, ama-1, pra.A. 19j1988. 180. 'jharukho' saipha pAlanapurI, prakA. zivajI Azara, svAti prakAzana, mubaMI 3 .. A. 1965. 181. 'jharamara upendra paMDyA, prakA. utpala paMDyA, rAjakoTa-360001. pra.A. 1988. 182. "jhaMkRti" durgeza zukla, (vasaMta avasare), prakA. durgeza zukla, zazIvilAsa, porabaMdara roDa, sAMtAkrujha, muMbaI-23. pra.A. 1949. 183. 'jhaMjhA' hiMmata khATariyA, prakA. vizvazAMti prakAzana, bhAvanagara, pra.A. 1978. 184. "gaMduviraha banAvanAra AnaMdajI lavajI lAkhANI, kuMDalA tAbe bhAvanagara. bhAvanagara darabArI chApakhAnAmAM chApyuM. saM. 1954. I.sa. 1898. 185. "jhAMkhI ane paDachAyA pinAkina ThAkora, prakA. kRSNakAMta madrAsI, prakA. Adarza prakAzana, ama-1. pra.A. 1971. 186. 'jharaNAM TADhAM ne UnyAM jayendrarAya dUkALa, prakA. jayendrarAva bhagavAnalAla dUrakALa, amadAvAda. pra.A. vi.saM. 1984. I.sa. 1928. 187. 'jhAMya' amRta ghAyala, prakA. zrImatI bhAnumatI a. bhaTTa, rAjakoTa 360002. pra.A. 1982. 188. "mo ogaLyo" manasukhalAla jhaverI, prakA. bhogIlAla pI. zAha, navabhArata sAhitya maMdira, amadAvAda. pra.A. 1975. 189. 'tathApi sureza jozI, prakA. DAhyAbhAI jIvaNajI nAyaka, sAhityasaMgama, sUrata. pra.A. saM. 2036. 19O. tanmaya' rAmaprasAda dave., prakA. jayaprakAza dave, rAjakoTa, prA.sthAna-gUrjara ejansI, ama-1. pra.A. 1983. 191. "tamasA raghuvIra caudharI (saMvardhita AvRtti). prakA. bhagatabhAI bhurAlAla zeTha, Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, ama-1. muMbaI-2. dvi.saM.A. 197ra. 192. "tamArI vastu abdula karIma zekha, prakA, nakSatra TrasTa, gulabAI Tekaro, ama-15 pra.A. 1980. 193. "tame mAdhava rAmAnuja, prakA. zivajI Azara, vorA enDa kaMpanI, ama 1. pra.A. 1972. 194. taraNAM" makaranda dave, prakA. bAbubhAI prA. vaidya, harSada graMthamALA, rAjakoTa, pra.A. 1951. 195. 'talAza" vipina parIkha, prakA. araviMda paMDyA, ena. ema. tripAThI prA. li. muMbaI-2. pra.A. 1980. : 196. "tapaNa" yogezvarajI, prakA. bAbubhAI jozI, kumakuma prakAzana, ama-1. pra.A. 1982. 197. "tArIkhanuM ghara' sureza dalAla, prakA. zivajI Azara, vorA enDa kaMpanI, ama-1. pra.A. 1971. 198. 'tulasIdala' nA kara suMdarajI beTAI, prakA. Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, pra.A. julAI 1961. . P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 496 199, "tUTelo samaya rAjeza vyAsa 'miskIna' prakA. maMgalam prakAzana vatI ama-8. pra. A. 1 mArca 1983. 200. 'tRNano graha uzanas, prakA. harihara pustakAlaya, surata. pra.A. 1964. 201. 'tRSA' devajI rA. moDhA, prakA. kiraNa prakAzana, prA. sthAna-kiraNa prakAzana, porabaMdara-360575, pra.A. 1987. 202. "tva' rameza pArekha, prakA. zivajI Azara, vorA enDa kaMpanI, ama-1. pra.A. 1980. 203. "tejachAyA jayamanagarI pAThakajI, saM. 1996, I.sa. 1940, prakA. jayamanagaurI pAThakajI, yugAntara kAryAlaya, gopIpurA, surata. 204. "33 kAvyo" niraMjana bhagata, prakA. tArAcaMda mANekacaMda ravANI, ravANI prakAzana gRha, amadAvAda. kopI rAITa-niraMjana bhagata, pra.A. 1958. 205. "Dila kuMDikA (paghavArtA) vinoda jozI, prakA. bAbubhAI eca. zAha, pArtha prakA., ama 1 pra.A. 1987. 20. tripadA , gajAnana ma. bhaTTa, prakA, zivajI Azara, svAti prakAzana, muMbaI 3 pra.A. 1968, 207. thAkeluM hRdaya sAgara" jagannAtha dAmodaradAsa tripAThI, I.sa. 1909 (vi.saM. 1965), 'nirmaLa' prinTIMga presa, dANApITha, amadAvAda. 208. dalapata kAvya bhA. 1-2 gujarAta varnAkyulara sosAyaTIe chapAvI prasiddha karyuM, amadAvAda. AvRtti rajI. saMvata 1953, I.sa. 1896. 209. dalapata viraha racanAra tathA chapAvI prasiddha karanAra upAdhyAya nAraNajI lakSmIrAma (DAkoranA) amadAvAdamAM-rAjanagara prinTIMga presamAM chApyo. (saMvata 1954 sane 1898) 210. "dalapatavirahavilApa' kAzIrAma muLazaMkara dave, "vIrakSetra mudrAlaya" I.sa. 1898 211. "danikA" kivi khabaradAra, prakA. aradezara pharAmajI khabaradAra, ena. ema. tripAThI enDa kaMpanI, muMbaI-2. pra.A. 1931. 212. 'dvArikApralaya kavi nhAnAlAla, premabhakti graMthamALA, I.sa. 1944, vi. saM. 2000, AvRtti 1lI. ra13. "dIpajayoti amIdAsa kANakiyA, prakAzaka-Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI. pra. A. 1961. 214. "dIvAne sAgara 4i premadharma prathama tabakko, bIjo tabakko, trIjo tabakko. kartA ane prakAzaka-jagannAtha dAmodaradAsa tripAThI, citrA latA pAdarA (vaDodarA) rAjaya sola ejanTa jIvanalAla amarazI mahetA, amadAvAda. pra. A. 1916, 215. dezavaTo cinu modI, prakA, bharata bI. Thakkara, rUpAlI pablikezana, rilIpharoDa, ama-1. pra.A. 1978. 216. "duharAvalI' pUjAlAla, prakA. pUjAlAla, zrI araviMda Azrama, poMDicerI, pra.A. 1980. 217. "dharmamaMthana' mohanadAsa karamacaMda gAMdhI, navajIvana prakAzana maMdira, amadAvAda 1949. cothI AvRtti (khaMDa trIjo) 218. "nakazA' (maraNottara saMgraha) marIjha, prakA. zrImatI sonAbahena abbAsavAsI. prA. sthAna tAhera. e.vAsI, muMbaI-34. pra.A. 1985. 219. "naditA vinoda adhvaryu, prakA. zaMbhulAla jagadIzabhAI zAha, gurjara graMtharatna kAryAlaya, ama-1. pra.A. 1961. 220. "naMdanikA" aradezara pharAmajI khabaradAra, prakA. aradezara pharAmajI khabaradAra, pra. A. 1CO0, I.sa. 1944, saMvata-200. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust .

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 497 221. "namelI sAMja hasamukha pAThaka, prakA. tArAcaMda mANekacaMda ravANI, ravANI prakAzana gRha, amadAvAda. pra.A. 1958. 222. "narmadaviraha - kavi kAzIzaMkara mULazaMkara, dave, (peTalAda) I.sa. 1886 saM. 1942. 23. "narasiMha mahetAnI kAvyakRtio' saMzo. saMpA. DaoN. zivalAla kezalapurA, pramANabhUta ane zuddha pAThyapustaka 807 padono saMgraha, sAhitya saMzodhana prakAzana, 13, tejapAla sosA. pAlaDI, ama-7, pra.A. 1981. 224. "narasiMha, mIrAM, akho ane ke. mIrAM mahetA, pra.A. 2010/1986. prakA. mIrAM dayArAmanI kavitAmAM tattvadarzana' prakA. mIrAM kIrtikumAra mahetA, rAjakoTa. vitaraka-'graMthAgAra', naheru myunisipala mArkeTa, navaraMgapurA, ama-29. rara5. "nayanadhArA' sAlika popaTIA, prakA. pAkistAna gujarAtI pablikezansanuM prakAzana, lI. mArakeTa karAMcI, pAkistAna, prakA. jhIyAudIna, pra.A. 195ra hiMdamAM maLavAnuM ThekANuM ratilAla 'anila' golavADa, surata. 26. "nakSatra' pururAja joSI, naDIAda. vikretA-pArijAta prakAzana, naDIAda. pra.A. 1979. 227. 'nayanadhArA' sAlika' popaDIA, prakA. jhIAudIna, pAkistAna gujarAtI pablikezansanuM prakAzana li. mArakaTa, karAMcI. pra.A. 1952 nave, pAkistAna. 28. "navAjiza' kismata kurezI, prakA. kismata cAMdabhAI kurezI, bhAvanagara364001, mu. vikretA-sumana prakAzana, mubaI-40009. pra.A. 2051989. rara9. 'navonmeSa' (vivecana) saMpA. sureza joSI, prakA. upendra kAkA, sAhityasaMsada, sAMtAkrujha, (gata dAyakAnI kavitA) : mubaMI-54. pra.A. okTo-1971. 230. "hAnAlAla madhukoSa' kavizrI nhAnAlAlanI racanAonuM saMdohana (upodaghAta ane rasadarzI vivaraNa sAthe) saMpA. anaMtarAya ma. rAvaLa, sAhitya akAdamI vatI vorA enDa kaMpanI, pablizarsa prA. li. pra. A. (1959) prakA. kanubhAI ke. vorA, vorA enDa ke, muMbaI. ra31. 'hAnAlAlanAM yuddha kAvyo prakA. prabhudAsa bAlubhAI paTavArI, menejIMga TrasTI, mahAkavi nhAnAlAla TrasTa, Dra.A. 1963. 232. "hAnAlAla' (dasa vivecana lekho) manasukhalAla jhaverI, prakA. kanubhAI vorA, vorA enDa kaMpanI, pablizarsa prA. li. muMbaI-2 pra.A. 1967. ra33. nirjaLAnadI dakSA desAI, prakA. kusuma prakAzana, pAlaDI, ama-7. pra.A. 1990. 234. "nitAnta' DaoN. caMdrakAnta dattANI, prakA. laya prakAzana, porabaMdara-360575. pra. A. 1982. 235. "nimiSa' (pIyUSa paMDyA, prakA. bharata bI. Thakkara, rUpAlI pablikezana, rilIpharoDa, ama-1. pra.A. 1979. mInu desAI, prakA. vallabhajI suMdarajI kavi, muMbaI. vi.saM. 1949, pra.A. vi.saM. 2006. zazizivam prakA. zaMbhulAla jagadIzabhAI zAha, gUrjara graMtharatna kAryAlaya, ama-1. pra.A. 1964. * ra38. "nirAMta ganI dahIMvAlA, prakA. ganI dahIMvAlA, surata-2. mu.vikretA-gUrjara graMtharatna kAryAlaya, ama-1. pra.A. 1981. ra39. "nirvANa nItina mahetA, prakA. mahendra zAha, caMdramaulI-prakAzana, ama-1. pra.A. 1988. ra36nimi' 237. nirmiti' P.P.Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 498 240. ' "nizigaMdhA rakSAblena dave, prakA. zazikSA yo. dave, jIvanakoTeja, bhAvanagara, prA.sthAna-rUpAlI prakAzana, ama-1. pra.A. 1981. 241. 'nisbata pannA nAyaka, prakA. mihikA pablikezana, muMbaI-400005. mu. rita sAhitya maMdira, ama-1. pra.A. 1984. 242. "nihArikA' ramaNalAla vasaMtalAla desAI, prakA. muLazaMkara somanAtha bhaTTa, vaDodarA. sola ejarsa-Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, muMbaI. pra.A. 1935. 243. 'nUpurajhaMkAra narasiMharAva bhoLAnAtha diveTiyA, prakA. jIvanalAla amarazI. mahetA, pIramazAha roDa, amadAvAda, dvi.A. I.sa. 1929 (saM. 1986) 244. "paDaghAnI pele pAra' caMdrakAMta zeTha, prakA. bhagatabhAI bhurAlAla zeTha, Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, muMbaI-2, ama-1, pra.A. 1987. 245. "paDaghAnuM cakarAtuM AkAza' maphata ojhA, prakA. zrI kRSNakAMta madrAsI, Adarza prakAzana, amadAvAda-1. pra.A. 1975. 246. 'padmA vinAnA dezamAM maNilAla ha. paTela, nakSatra TrasTa, ama-15. pra.A. 1983. 247. 'padyaparAga' kezava ha. zeTha, prakA. gUrjara graMtha kAryAlaya, pra.A. saM. 2002. 248. "paramasakhA mRtyu kAkAsAheba kAlelakara, prakA. araviMda sa. paMDyA, ena. ema. tripAThI prA. li. muMbaI-2. bIjI saMvardhita AvRtti 1980. 249. 'pakalokepatra' hIrA rAmanArAyaNa pAThaka, prakA. kAMtilAla goviMdalAla zAha, gUrjara graMtharatna kAryAlaya, ama.-1, saMvardhita dri.A. 1989. 50. "paraMtuM vinoda jozI, prakA. rAjendra zAha, kaviloka TrasTa, ama-9. pra.A. phebruArI-1984. 251. "pavananA azva sureza dalAla, prakAza. . uSA Thakkara, rajisTrAra zrImatI nAthIbAI ThAkarasI mahilA vidyApITha, muMbaI. muM. vikretA-navabhArata sAhitya maMdira, amadAvAda. pra.A. 1986. 2para. parikramA bAlamukuMda dave, prakA, kanubhAI ke. vorA enDa kaMpanI, ama-1. pAMcamI A. 1975 jUna. ra53. "pariprazna' yazavaMta trivedI, prakA. yazavaMta trivedI, Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI. muMbaI-2. ama-1. pra.A. 1975. 254. "paridevanA yazavaMta trivedI, prakA. yazavaMta trivedI, muMbaI-92. mu. vikretAbhagatabhAI bhurAbhAI zeTha, Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, muMbaI 2. ama-1. pra.A. 1976. 255. "parizeSa' yazavaMta trivedI, prakA. yazavaMta trivedI, muMbaI-92. mu. vikretA Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, muMbaI. pra.A.-1978. 256. "parimala' ramaNIkalAla dalAla, prakA. zaMbhulAla gazI zAha, gUrjaragraMtha ratna kAryAlaya, amadAvAda. pra.A.saM.-1998, 194ra. 257. pavana rUperI' caMdrakAnta zeTha, prakA. bhagatabhAI bhurAlAla zeTha, Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI muMbaI-2. ama-1. pra.A. 1972. 258. "pyAsa' barakata vIrANI 'bephAma' prakA. girIza Ara. Thakkara, suna prakAzana, muMbaI-9, kiM.A. 1989. 259. "pArthiva' gadIza vyAsa, prakA. rAjendra zAha, kaviloka TrasTa, a-9. pra.A. 1984 ra60. "paMcaparva" rAjendra zAha, prakA. rAjendra zAha, muMbaI-7, pra.A. 1983. 261. "pAMcajanya' pUjalAla, prakA. zarada rAmalAla zAha, pragati sAhitya maMdira, pra.A. 1957. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust .

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 499 262. "pirAmiDa sureza dalAla, prakA. zivajI Azara, vorA enDa kaMpanI, amadAvAda. pra.A. 1979. 263. "pitRvaMdanA pro. goviMdabhAI paTela, prakA. goviMdabhAI paTela, muMbaI. ki. saMvardhita AvRtti Disembara-1970, mArgazIrSa-2027. * 264. "punarapi' kRSNalAla zrIdharANI, prakA. vorA enDa kaMpanI pablizarsa prA. li. pra.A.-1961. ra6pa. "puSpAMjali' caitanyabahena ja. diveTiyA, prakA. caitanyabrena ja. diveTiyA, pra.A. 1987. 26. "pUrvAlApa' maNizaMkara ratnajI bhaTTa, prakA. bhagatabhAI bhurAbhAI zeTha, muMbaI 2. Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, ama-1. pra.A.-1923. ra67. "pUrvI" gItA parIkha, prakA. kanubhAI ke. vorA, vorA enDa kaMpanI, muMbaI. praA.-1966. 268. "prabalagati priyakAnta maNiyAra, prakA. bhagatabhAI bhurAlAla hoTha, Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, mubaMI, amadAvAda. pra.A. 1974. 269. "pratyaMcA" sureza ha. jozI, prakA. uSA jozI, zrI rasika zAha, manISA prakAzana, vaDodarA-2. pra.A. phAgaNa suda terasa, behajAra sattara. 270. 'pratipadA' saMpA. suMdaram, umAzaMkara joSI, prajArAma rAvaLa, prakA. prajArAma (marakSettara kAvyasaMgraha) narottama rAvaLa, vaDhavANa zahera, pra.A.-1948. ra71. "pratIka priyakAnta maNiyAra, prakA. zivajI Azara. vorA enDa kaMpanI. amadAvAda, cothI AvRtti-1977. 272. 'pratIti' kamala vaidya, prakA. suzIlA vaidya, rAjakoTa-. prAsthAna-ena. ema. tripATI prA. li. muMbaI-2. pra.A.-1966. 273. prabhAtanarmadA' maganalAla bhUdharabhAI paTela, kartA ane prakAzaka, maganalAla , bhUdharabhAI paTela, pra.A. 1940. 274. "prabhujI tame sAgara huM pANI naTavarabhAI Thakkara, prakA. manu paMDita, jIvanamRti svAdhyAya maMdira, ama-8, pra.A. 1987. 275. 'prasUna uzanas, prakA. ema. ke. vorA, vorA enDa kaMpanI pablizarsa, muMbaI. pra. A. 1955. 276. praveza prakA. zivajI Azara, vorA enDa kaMpanI, ama-1, pra.A. 1975. 277. 'prAtha..." jayadeva zukla prakA. mahendra zAha, caMdramAMli prakAzana, ama-1. pra.A. 1988. 278. 'prAntara' che. jyonjhA a. trivedI, prakA. jayotsanA yazavaMta trivedI, muMbaI-400056. prApti sthAna-Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, muMbaI-400002. amadAvAda-38cc01. pra.A.-1983. 279. "prajJAcakSunAM prajJAbiMdu' nhAnAlAla dalapatarAma kavi, vi.saM. 1999, I.sa. 1943, (premabhakti-graMthamALA) prakAzaka-nhAnAlAla dalapatarAma kavi, elisabrIja, prathama AvRtti, amadAvAda, 280. "prItama eka adhyayana' le. pra.-Do. azvinabhAI DuM. paTela, prathama AvRtti, 1979. mukhya vikretA-kumakuma prakAzana, amadAvAda-380001. 281. "prIta mIna desAI, prakA. zrImatI bakulA ku. vorA, vijaya prakAzana vatI, muMbaI. kopI rAITa mInu desAI, pra.: A. 1968. 282. "pRthurAjarAsA' bhImarAva bhoLAnAtha diveTiyA, prakA. bhImarAva bhoLAnAtha diveTiyA, amadAvAda, pra.A. 1897. 283. "pro.ba.ka.ThAkora, adhyayana graMtha' mahArAjA sayAjIrAva vizva vidyAlaya, pro. kora janmazatAbdI prakA. saMpA. viSNuprasAda trivedI, umAzaMkara jozI, bhUgarAya aMjAriyA, harSada trivedI, kisanasiMha P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 500 cAvaDA, niraMjana bhagata, bhogIlAla sAMDesarA, adhyakSa, gujarAtI. vibhAga, ma. sa. vizvavidyAlaya, vaDodarA. pra.A.vi.saM. 2025, I.sa. 19da9. 284. "premAnaMdanI kAvyakRtio'khaMDa-2 saMpA mahAmahimopAdhyAya, adhyA. kezavarAma. kA. zAstrI (bAMbhaNiyA) vidyAvAcaspati, DaoN. zivalAla tulasIdAsa jesalapurA, ema. e., pI.eca.DI., sAhitya saMzodhana prakA. pra.A.ama-7. jAnyu-1979. 285. "premAnaMdanI kAvyakRtio'khaMDa-1 saMpA. mahAmahimopAdhyAya, adhyA. kezavarAma kA. zAstrI, (bAMbhaNiyA) vidyAvAcaspati, prakA. DaoN. zivalAla tulasIdAsa jesalapurA, ema.e., pI.eca.DI., pAlaDI, amadAvAda, pra.A. 1978. 286. "phAMsa phUlanI ganI dahIMvAlA, prakA. ganIbhAI dahIMvALA smAraka samiti, surata. pra.A. 1987. 287. philADelphIA pannA nAyaka, prakA. araviMda paMDyA, ena. ema. tripAThI prA. li. muMbaI-2. pra.A. 1980. 288. 'phINanI dIvAlo jyotiSa jAnI, prakA. zrI zAMti dAmakAkara suvAsita sAhitya prakA. surata. kri.A. 1977. 28. "kUlanI naukA laIne manohara trivedI, prakA. bAbubhAI jI. jozI, kumakuma prakA. ama 1. pra.A. 1981. ra90. 'phUladola' . manasukhalAla jhaverI, kartA ane prakA. manasukhalAla maganalAla jhaverI, jAmanagara, pra.A.vi.saM. 1989, I.sa. 1933. 291. "baraphanAM paMkhI anila jozI, prakA. araviMda paMDyA, ena. ema. tripAThI prA. li., muMbaI-2, pra.A. 1981. ra92. kurukSetra (bAramAkAMDa) mahAsudarzana, kavi nhAnAlAla, kri.A.vi.saM. 1985, I.sa. 1929. 293. "bArIbahAra' praphlAda pArekha, prakA. kanubhAI ke. vorA, vorA enDa kaMpanI pablizarsa prA. li., muMbaI. trIjI AvRtti-I.sa. 1970. * ra94. "bIjo sUrya maheza dave, prakA. bhIkhAbhAI Thakkara, rUpAlI prakA. ama-4. pra.A. 1969, 295. be grIka Treje sophoblisanI kRti IDipasa reksa' ane 'iDipasa eTa kolonasa' - (anuvAdako. jazavaMta ThAkara, bhAnumatI jAnI,) prakA. DaoN. hasu yAjJika, mahAmAtra gujarAta sAhitya akAdamI, gAMdhInagara-pra.A. 1987. 296. "bUma kAgaLamAM korA" lAbhazaMkara ThAkara, prakA. bhagatabhAI bhurAlAla zeTha, muMbaI-2, ama-1. pra.A. okTo-1974, 297. bauddhadharma dharmopada'mAMthI "ona dhammapada zrImAtAjI, anu. jayaMtIlAla AcArya, zrI araviMda sosAyaTI (brAnca), araviMda sosAyaTI, ama-6, prakA. zrI araviMda Azrama TrasTa vatI, zrI hasamukhabhAI zAha, zrI araviMda sosAyaTI senTara, pratimanagara, ama-6, pra.A. 1908, ra98. "bhagavuM gagana 'tarulatA paTela, prakA. tarulatA paTela, naDIAda, mu. vikretA navabhArata sAhitya maMdira, gAMdhIroDa, ama-1. pra.A. 1980. 299. "bhajanarasa makaraMda dave, pra.A. 1987, prakA. dhanajIbhAI pI. zAha, navabhArata sAhityamaMdira, muMbaI-2. ama-1. 300. "bhajanasAgara' bhAga-1-2 (akhAthI hothI sudhInA 182 bhaktonAM 1273 bhajanono sauthI moTo saMgraha) bhikSu akhaMDa AnaMdanI prasAdI, sastavardhaka kAryAlaya, P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 501 che. bhadra pAse, amadAvAda ane kAlabAdevI, muMbaI-2. 3015. "bhaNakAra' ba.ka.ThA. (1951). vi.saM. 2007, (1950 lagInI laghu ane madhyama kadanI kRtiono saMgraha) vi.bI. sehenI prakAzana. 301ba. "ba.ka.ThA.nI kAvyati ' birAdarI li. (51) (ba.ka.ThA.nI kAvyadhRti, (saMpAdako gulAbadAsa bokara, bhRgurAya aMjariyA, sureza dalAla, yazavaMta dozI, ba. ka. ThAkora zatAbdI samiti muMbaI vatI, prakA. Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI muMbaI-2. ama-1. pra.A. 1971. 302. "bhammariyuM madha' jitendra kA. vyAsa, mu-vikretA. gUrjara ejansI, ama-1. pra.A. ' 1982. 303. "bhArataratna (mahAbhAratanAM sUkti-ratnonuM samAlocana), upendrarAya jayacaMdabhAI sAMDesarA, prAcya vidyAmaMdira, mahArAjA sayAjIrAva vizva vidyAlaya, vaDodarA. praka. bhogIlAla ja. sAMDesarA, niyAmaka-prApya vidyAmaMdira, ma.sa. vizvavidyAlaya, vaDodarA), sudhArelI vadhArelI hi.A. (1967) prAsthAna-yunivarsiTI pustaka vecANa vibhAga, mahArAjA sayAjIrAva yuni. presa, vaDodarA. 304. "bhAratano TaMkAra' aradezara pharAmajI khabaradAra, 788, pArasI kolonI dAdara, muMbaI 14. jhU.A. I.sa. 1941, saMvata-1997. 305. "bhInAza gItA parIkha, prakA. gItA suryakAnta parIkha, mu. vikretA-gUrjara graMtharatna kAryAlaya, ama-1, pra.A. 1979. 306. "bhAvavirahabAvanI' banAvanAra rAjakavi nathurAma suMdarajI zukla, vAMkAnera nivAsI (porabaMdara sTeTa presamAM chApya) pra.A. saMvata 1965 sane 1908 307. "madhuryAda" (soneTa saMgraha) sudAmo 51mo prakA. IzvaracaMdra bha. bhaTTa, valasADa-39601. che. A. 1989 308. "madhura5 ganI dahIMvAlA, prakA. jayaMtIlAla lAlaviThThaladAsa, vikretA harihara pustakAlaya, surata. pra.A. 1971. 309. "madhyAhana karasanadAsa mANeka, prakA. eca. ke. vorA, vorA enDa kaMpanI, pablizarsa prA. li. pra. A. 1958. 310. "manasukhalAla jhaverInI kAvyasuSamA'saMpA-anaMtarAya rAvaLa, gulAbadAsa brokara, amRtalAla yAjJika, manasukhalAla jhaverI sanmAna samiti vatI vorA enDa kaMpanI, muMbaI. prakA. manasukhalAla jhaverI sanmAna samiti vatI, anaMta je. zAha, pra. A. 1959. 311. "maMjarI jayendra mahetA, prakA. jayendra mahetA, rAyapu2, ama-1. pra.A.1959. 312. maMyA mohinIcaMdra, (mohanalAla dalasukharAma bhaTTa), amadAvAda, mu vikretA-Ara.Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, mubaMI. pra.A. saM. 1998. 313. "mana mAruM paMkhInuM ' suzIlA pAThaka, prakA. devavrata pAThaka, ama-15. pra.A. 1986. 314. "manogatA kA / jayAnanda la. dave, prakA. jayAnaMda la. dave, kAlAvADa roDa, rAjakoTa360005. vikretA-pravINa pustaka bhaMDAra, rAjakoTa. pra.A. 1988. 315. "malAjo meghanAda ha.bhaTTa, prakA. hareza DI. zAha, azoka prakAzana, ama9. mu. vikretA-navabhArata sAhityamaMdira, muMbaI-2. pra.A. 1987. 316. "maNikAnta kAvyamALA zaMkaralAla naganalAla paMDyA, haLadharArAvALA, prakA. mohanalAla lallubhAI sojItarIyA, muMbaI. pra.A. saMvata-1984, I.sa. 1928. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 500 317. "malabArInAM kAvyaratno' mahUma baherAmajI maheravAnajI malabArInA kAvyagraMthomAMthI cUMTI kADhelI kavitAono saMgraha (aradezara pharAmajI khabaradAre lakhelA upodaghAta sAthe) prakA. phiroja baherAmajI malabArI, mubaMI. nirNayasAgara' mudraNAlaya. I.sa. 1937, saM. 1973. 318. "mahAbhArata' bhAga chaThTho (zAMtiparva) (maharSi kaSNa dvaipAyana vedavyAsa (sastuM sAhityavardhaka kAryAlaya) bhadra pAse, amadAvAda ane prinsesa sTrITa, muMbaI-2. saraLa gujarAtI bhASAMtara, bhASAMtarakartA-zAstrI girajAzaMkara mayAzaMkara (25358). 319. "mahAbata viraha' 'mahAbata virada' saMcita sumati prakAzanasabhA 29 941882 320. "maheka ganI dahIMvAlA, prakA. ramaNIka Thakkara, sumana prakAzana, muMbaI-9, hi.A. 1975. 3ra1. maherAmaNa caMdrakAMta TopIvALA, prakA. caMdrakAMta amRtalAla TopIvALA, ena. ema. tripAThI prA. li. prinsesa sTrITa, muMbaI-2. pra.A. 1962. - 3rara. 'marmara DioN. jayaMta pAThaka, prakA. ena. ke. gAMdhI, popyulara buka sTora, surata. dvi. saMvardhita A. 1957. 323. mA bhagavatI' pUjAlAla, prakA. zrI araviMda Azrama, poMDicerI, pra. A. 1974. 324. "mAre nAmane daravAje lAbhazaMkara ThAkara, prakA. bhagatabhAI bhUrAlAla zeTha, Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, muMbaI-2. pra.A. 1972. 3pa. 'mArTIna heDegaranuM tattvajJAna che. jayendraprasAda jaTAzaMkara zukla, yunivarsiTI graMtha nirmANa borDa gu. rA. prakA. je, bI, sedila (adhyakSa), yunivarsiTI graMtha nirmANa borDa, gujarAta rAjaya. 3ra6. mANasanI vAta lAbhazaMkara ThAkara, prakA. lAbhazaMkara ThAkara, re. maTha prakAzana, ama 1, pra.A. 1978, 3ra7. "mAnasara' barakata vIrANI 'bephAmaprakA. girIza Ara. Thakkara, sumana prakAzana, muMbaI-9. pAMcamI AvRtti-1987. 328. "mAyApraveza sureza dalAla, prakA. mihikA pablikezansa, muMbaI. mu. vikretA vorA enDa kaMpanI, amadAvAda. pra.A. 1989. 32. mAharI majeha tathA jamazedajI nazaravAnajI pItIta, edIta karanAra, jIjIbhAI bIjI kavitAo pestanajI mIstarI, ema. e. muMbaI. pI. jI. na. pItIta pArasI oraphaneja kepatana prItIMga presa. I.sa. 1892. 330. "mAhezvara viraha' zeTha vallabhadAsa popaTa, amadAvAda khADiyAmAM amaratalAlanA mahAdevamAM 'hitecchu presamAM paTela jezaMga mULajIe chApI. saMvata 1936, pra.A. sana 1880. 331. "mitavA manohara trivedI, prakA. pA prakAzana, bAbubhAI zAha, rIlIpharoDa, ama-1. pra.A. 1987. 332. "mIrA niraMjana bhagata, praka. DaoN. rasIlA caMdrakAMta kaDiyA, sadbhAva prakAzana, ratanapoLa, ama-1. niraMjana bhagata, pra.A. 1982. 333. "muktAvalI' pUjAlAla, lekhaka ane prakA. pUjAlAla, zrI araviMda Azrama TrasTa mATe, pUjAlAla, poMDicerI-2. pra.A. Dise-1978. vikretA bAlagoviMda kuberadAsanI kaMpanI, amadAvAda. 334. "mota para manane pro. phiroja dAvara, gujarAta vidyAsabhA, khAnapura, amadAvAda. hiM.A. 1961. 335. "moTA kolAja jagadIza jozI, prakA, araviMda paMDyA, ena. ema. tripAThI prA.li. muMbaI-2. pra.A. 1979. 336. "mosama bAlubhAI paTela, prakA. bhAratI je zAha, navabhArata prakAzana maMdira, gAMdhIroDa, ama-1. pra.A. 1990. P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust.

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 503 337. "mauna' harIndra dave, prakA. zivajI Azara, svAti prakAzana, muMbaI. pra.A. 1966. 338. "mRgayA' jayaMta pAThaka, prakA, bAbubhAI jozI, kumakuma prakAzana, ama-1. 339. "mRtyune pele pAra' 442 'What becomes of soul afterf death' svAmI zivAnaMda sarasvatI saMkSipta- "svAmI zivAnaMda zatAbdI mahotsava samiti, vaDodarA, rAjakoTa, 2. zivAnaMda adhvaryu, pramukha, svAmI, zivAnaMda zatAbdI mahotsava samiti, rAjakoTa. 340. "mRtyunA bhayanuM rahasya je kRNamUrtinI daSTie (babAbhAI paTela), ('gujarAta samAcAra') (17293). 341. "paralava' hasamukha maDhIvALA, prakA. abhilAkha hasamukhalAla zAha, (maDhIvALA) porabaMdara, mu. vikretA-ena. ema. tripAThI prA. li. muMbaI-2. pra.A. 1974. 342. "yAda Ave che? sureza dalAla, prakA. mihikA pablikezana, muMbaI, pra.A. 1987. 34-3. "yAtrA suMdarama arvAcIna kAvyagraMthAvali pustaka, Ara. Ara. zeThanI kuM. cothI saMvardhita AvRtti 1985. 384. yAtrApathano AlApa ratubhAI nAnubhAI desAI, prakA. mRNAla desAI, vilepArle, mubaI-57. pra.A. 1986. 345. yugavaMdanA' jhaveracaMdameghANI, prakA. Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, chaThThI A. 1958. 346. 'yoganI pagadaMDI (zrI mAtAjI), anu. suMdaram araviMda sosAyaTI brAMca, ama-6. 347. 'yogatapasyA' pUjAlAla, (111 paMcapadI), prakA. premacaMda zAha, zrI araviMdaAzrama, poMDicerI-6052, pra.A. me-1986. 348. raNadvIpa" rajanI zeTha, prakA. rASTrabhASA pustakamaMdira, surata. pra.A. 1984. 349. "rasaganyA (nhAnAlAla), saMpA, bAlacaMdra parIkha, ena. ema. tripAThI prA. li. bukaselarsa pablizarsa, prinsesa sTrITa, muMbaI-2. pra.A. 1957. 350. "rAjahaMsI candrA jADejA, prakA. zrI padmanA prakAzana, zrI padmajAdevI jADejA, kalyANamaMdira, rAjakoTa, pra.A. 1969. 351. "pAnerI' maNilAla desAI, prakA. jayaMta pArekha, kaviloka, muMbaI-2. vikretAAra. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, muMbaI-2. ama-1. pra.A. 197 1968. 3para. "rAma tAro dIvaDo karasanadAsa mANeka, prakA. jagamohanadAsa mahetA, naciketA prakAzanamaMdira, muMbaI. pra.A. 1964. 353. "rA.vi.pA. vADamaya pratibhA lekhaka . kAMtilAla la. kAlANI, prakA. gUrjara graMtharatna kAryAlaya, 354. "rA.vi.pA.sarjaka ane vivecaka 355. rASTriko 35da. "Rgvada paricaya Do. jayaMta pAThaka, prakA. ena. ke. gAMdhI, popyulara pabliziMga hAusa, surata. pra.A. I.sa. 1970. aradezara pharAmajI khabaradAra, prakA. ena. ema. tripAThI enDa kaMpanI, bukaselarsa pablizarsa, prinsesa sTrITa, muMbaI-2. pra.A. sa. 1940 saMvata 1997. AcAryazrI viSNudeva sAMkaLezvara paMDita, yunivarsiTI graMtha nirmANa borDa, gu.rA. pra. je. bI. seMDila, (adhyakSa yuni., gu.rA. ama.6 mu. vikretA-me. bAlagoviMda bukaselarsa, ama-1. kanaiyAlAla dave, prakA. "maMgalama' vatI zrI cInubhAI hiMmatalAla zAha, maMgala prakAzana, amadAvAda. pra.A. 1980. uzanasa prakA, zrI lakSmI pustakabhaMDAra, prakA. dhanajIbhAI ghAsIrAma koThArI, pra.A. 1976. 3pa7. 'RtA" 358. rUpanAlaya" P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 504 359, "rUparomAMca zazizivama prakA. Adarza prakAzana, ama-1. pra.A. 1977. 360. "lagharo', lAbhazaMkara ThAkara, prakA. bhagatabhAI bhurAlAla zeTha, Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, muMbaI-2. ama-1. pra.A. 1987. 361. 'lalitanAM bIjAM kAvyo' (lalita). janmazaMkara mahAzaMkara buca, vi.saM. 1988, I.sa. 193ra. . 362. lahero jaLe' kanu suthAra, prakA.1 valkala prakAzana, ama-16. prA.sthAna graMthAgAra, navaraMgapurA, ama-9, pra.A. 1988. 363. "lITIlaga laMbAyA dvArakeza vyAsa, mu. vikretA-pArzva prakA., rilIpharoDa, ama-1. pra.A. 1988. 364. lIlAvatI jIvanakalA" govardhanarAma tripAThI, prakA. ramaNIyarAma govardhanarAma tripAThI, ejanTa-ena. ema. tripAThI enDa kaMpanI, muMbaI, ddhi.A. saMvata 1965, sana 1909. 365. "lokasAhitya gujarAtI lokagIto') ("gujarAtI sAhitya pariSada), amadAvAda. saMpA. prabhAzaMkara teraiyA, narottama palANa, prakA. raghuvIra caudharI, maMtrI, gujarAtI sAhitya pariSada, ama-9. 366. lokasAhityamAM mAnavasaMvedanA le. hAsyadA paMDyA, yezA prakAzana, zAhapura daravAjA bahAra, ama-1. pra.A. 1987. 367. "vagaDAno zvAsa saMpA. sureza dalAla, prakA. esa. ena. DI. TI. yuni. vatI dhanajIbhAI pI. zAha, navabhArata sAhityamaMdira, muMbaI. pra.A. 1978. 368. "vamaLanAM vana' jagadIza jozI, prakA. zivajI Azara, vorA enDa kaMpanI, ama 1. pra.A. 1976. 369. "vasudhA suMdaram prakA. Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI. pra.A.vi. 195. I.sa. 1939, 370. 'vasaMte gulAbadAsa brokara, prakA. vinodInI selArakA, caMdraprakAzana, selArakAsadana, muMbaI. mu. videtA-navabhArata sAhityamaMdira, muMbaI. pra.A. 1964. 371. vyaMjanA' suMdarajI beTAI prakA. Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, pra.A. 1969. 372. 'vahI jatI pAchaLa ramyaghoSA' kavi lAbhazaMkara ThAkara, prakA. lAbhazaMkara jAdavajI ThAkara, prA. sthAna-(1) gurjara graMtharatna kAryAlaya, ama.(2) kAmacikitsA, ama-1. pra.A. sapTe-1965. 373. 'vahetAM vRkSa pavanamAM, raghuvIra caudharI, prakA. saMjaya.2.caudharI, raMgadvAra prakAzana, ama 15. pra.A. 1984. 374. vAtAyana cinu modI, prakA. anAgatA prakA, ama-7, pra.A. 1963. 375. 'vicimAlA suzIlA jhaverI, prakA. suzIlA jhaverI, surata-2, mu. vikretA-gUrjara graMtharatna kAryAlaya, ama-1, pra.A. 1963. 376. vinyAsa kizorasiMha solaMkI, prakA. zrImatI tArAbahena solaMkI, mahudhA387335. vikretA-gUrjara graMtharatna kAryAlaya, ama. pra.A. 1981. 377. "vilsanaviraha (racanAra berAmajI meravAnajI malabArI, 'dhi riporTsa prasa'mAM meravAnajI navarojajI dAbue chApya saM. 1878. 378. vizeSAMjali suMdarajI beTAI, prakA. Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, pra.A. 1952, punamudraNa-1957. 379, 'vizeSa kAvyo rA. vi. pAThaka, prakA. zaMbhubhAI jagadIzabhAI zAha, gUrjaragraMtha ratna kAryAlaya, pra.A. 1959. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 505 380. 'visaMgati' sureza dalAla, prakA. zivajI Azara. vorA enDa kaMpanI, amadAvAda. pra.A. 1980. 381. "vismaya' jayaMta pAThaka, prakA. jayaMtIlAla viThThaladAsa mahetA, surata. harihara pustakAlaya, surata. pra.A. 1963. 382. "vismayanuM paroDha guNavaMta zAha, prakA. avaMtikA zAha, mu. vikretA-Ara. Ara. zeTenI kaMpanI, gAMdhImArga, ama-1. pra.A. 1980. 383. "vIthikA' uzanasa saMpA. sureza dalAla, prakA. zivajI AhAra, vorA enDa kaMpanI, amadAvAda. pra.A. 1974. 384. "vedAntamArgadarzinI' saMkalanakartA. zrI devAjI mahArAja, prakA. zrI mahendrabhAI paTela, kauzAlI baMgalo, karamasadaroDa-399125. 385. "venIzana blAInDa jayA mahetA, prakA. zivajI Azara, vorA enDa kaMpanI, ama-1, pra.A. 1978. 386. zatAvarI pUjalAla, prakA. pUjAlAla, zrI araviMda Azrama, poMDicerI, pra.A. 1980. 387. "zabdAMcala' dakSA desAI, prakA. pArtha jayeza desAI, daMtAlI roDa, peTalAda. pra.A. 1988. 388. "zabdanI zakti' (vivecana) umAzaMkara jozI, prakA. Do. rasIlA caMdrakAMta kaDiyA, ratanapoLa, ama-1, pra.A. mahAzivarAtri saM. 2038. 389. zabarI pUjAlAla, prakA. pUjAlAla, zrI araviMda Azrama, poMDicerI, da. bhArata. pra.A. 1978. 390. 'zamaNAM' ramaNalAla vasaMtalAla desAI, prakA. ane pu. vikretA-Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, muMbaI. pra.A. 1959. 391. 'zApasaMbhrama ane bIjI kavitAo' narmadAzaMkara prabhuzaMkara bhaTTa, 2canAra, narmadAzaMkara prabhurAmabhaTTa prakA. dhI sAhitya prakAzaka ke li. I.sa. 1925, vi.saM. 1982. 392. "zApitavanamAM cinu modI, prakA. bI. Thakkara, rUpAlI prakA. ama-4. pra.A. 1976. 393. 'zAMtiniketana' ravIndranAtha ThAkura, (sva. sulocanAblena indulAla aDAlajA smAraka graMthAvalI), anu. nagInadAsa pArekha, (bAlagoviMda prakAzana). 394. 'zilAlekha pradIpa rAvaLa, prakA. yatIza prakAzana, rAjakoTa, pra.A. 1983. 395. 'zizire vasaMta suMdarajI beyaI, prakA. bhagatabhAI bhurAbhAI zeTha, Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, pra.A. 1976. 396. 'zuktikA' pUjAlAla, prakA. pUjAlAla, zrI araviMda Azrama, poMDicerI-2. poMDicerI-2. pra.A. 1979. 397. zULI upara seja' jayaMta pAThaka, prakA. kRti prakA., viramagAma, prakA. dakSA rAvala, pra.A. 1988. 398. "zULa ane zamaNAM ghAyala, prakA. jayaMtIlAla revAzaMkara dozI, haMsa prakA., di.A. julAI 1968. 399. "zUnyanA avazeSa' zUnya pAlanapurI, kartA ane prakA. alIkhAna usamAna baluca, pATaNa, u.2. gujarAta, pra.A. 1pa1964. 400. "zvAsano paryAya praphullA vorA, prakA. ku. praphullA Ara. vorA, bhAvanagara, pra.A. * 1990. 401. "zeSanAM kAvyo' rAmanArAyaNa vi. pAThaka, prakA. kAMtilAla goviMdalAla zAha, gurjara graMtha ratna kAryAlaya, A. caturtha I.sa. 1982. 40. "zaivalinI' dAmodaradAsa khu. boTAdakara, prakA. amRtalAla vallabhadAsa dANI, saMvata-1981, I.sa. 1925. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 506 403. "zraddhA devajI rA. moTA, prakA. devajI rA. moDhA, pustakavikretA, rAjakoTa na prakA. pra.A. 1957. 404, "zrAvaNI jharamara suMdarajI beTAI, prakA. bhagatabhAI bhurAlAla zeTha, Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, mubaMI, amadAvAda. pra.e. 1982. 405. "zrI saMcitanAM kAvyo rUpazaMkara udayazaMkara ojhA, prakA. manahara bradharsa, morabI kAThIAvADa, pra.A. saMvata-1994. 8ra1938. 406. "sakala kavitA sneharazmi, (I.sa. 1921 thI 1984 sudhInI kavitA), vidyAvihAra prakA. ama. prakA. harizaMkara ANaMdajIvAlA, maMtrI, zeTha cI. na. vidyAvihAra, pra.A. 1984. 407. "sarga" jayaMta pAThaMka, prakA. zivajI Azara, vorA enDa kaMpanI, pra.A. 1969. 408. "sadgata candrazIlAne suMdarajI beTAI, prakA. maMchAgaurI bhurAlAla zeTha, Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, li.A. 1959. 409. sadgata manISAne pro. goviMdabhAI paTela, prakA. goviMdabhAI paTela, khAlasA kaoNleja, muMbaI-19, 1969, saMvata-2025 (caitra). 410. "satata Adila manasUrI, prakA. zivajI Azara. vorA enDa kaMpanI, gAMdhIroDa, ama-1. pra.A. 1970. 411. "saMbhava * bhagavatIkumAra zarmA, prakA, bhagabhabhAI bharAlAla zeThanI kaMpanI, mu. prakA. viketA-Ara.Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, ama-1. pra.A.'34 412. samAgama' (vivecana) sureza dalAla. prakA. cimanalAla pI. zAha, pramukha, cimanalAla liTararI TrasTa, muMbaI-1, pra.A. 1982. 413. "samIpa' priyakAnta maNiyAra, prakA. bhagatabhAI bhurAlAla zeTha, Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, ama. pra.A. jUna 1972. 414. sananana rameza pArekha, prakA. araviMda paMDyA, ena. ema. tripAThI prA. li. muMbaI-2. pra.A. 1981. 415. "saphara ane bIjAM kAvyo muralI ThAkura, prakA. kumAra kAryAlaya, ama. muM. vikretA-Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI. muMbaI. pra.A. 1940. 41. "samakAlIna kavio dhIru parIkha, prakA. bAbubhAI jozI, kumakuma prakAzana, gAMdhImArga, ama-1. pra.A. 1983. 417. "samagra kavitA umAzaMkara jozI, prakA. maMtrI-gaMgotrI TrasTa, mu. vikretA-lokamilApa TrasTa, tri.A. 1981. 418. "saravANI prahalAda pArekha, prakA. jayaMtIlAla maNilAla zAha, saMskAra sAhitya maMdira, bhAvanagara. pra.A. 1948. kismata kurezI, prakA. kismata cAMdabhAI kurezI, bhAvanagara. mu. vikretA-surAlaya kitAbavAlA, bhAvanagara, pra.A. 1962. 420. "saharA kisana sosA. prakA. zAMtilAla bha. zAha, suvAsita sAhitya prakAzana, surata-3. pra.A. 1977. 21. sahaja vADIlAla DagalI, prakA. bhAIdAsa tribhovanadAsa parIkha, bAlagoviMda prakAzana, gAMdhImArga-1. pra.A. 1976. 8rara. "saMkalita kavitA' rAjendra zAha, prakA, jayavadana takatAvAlA, sAMskRtika pravRttivatI vimaLAbahena jayavadana takatAvAlA, muMbaI. pra.A. 1983. 423. "saMgati makaranda dave, prakA. kanubhAI vorA, vorA enDa kaMpanI, muMbaI-2. pra.A. 1983. 424. "saMcetanA" rAdhezyAma zarmA, prakA. trimUrti prakA. ama-1. mu. vikretA-sadbhAva prakAzana, ratanapoLa, ama-1. pra.A. 1983. 425. saMjIvanI' indImatI mahetA, prakA, IndumatI mahetA, navaraMgapurA, amae. pra.A. 1976. 419. "salila P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 507. 426. "saMta kerI vANI saMpA. makaraMda dave 4ra7. "saMnivAsa' indukumAra trivedI, prakA. praNavakumAra IndukumAra trivedI, navaraMgapurA, ama-9, pra.A. 1985. 428. "saMvedanA' bAlamukuMda dave, prakA. paramasukha paMDyA, ena. ema. tripAThI enDa kaMpanI, mubaMI. pra.A. 1942, saM. 1998 aSADha, 49. "saMskRti pArAzarya, lekhaka tathA prakA. mukuMdarAya vijayazaMkara paTaTTaNI, bhAvanagara. pra.A. dIpotsavI saM. 1997. I.sa. 1941. 430. "sAtamI Rtu' maNilAla ha. paTela, prakA. caMdramAMli prakA. ama-1. pra.A. 1988, 431. "sAsumAnI jhAlarI' ratubhAI desAI, prakA. mRNAla desAI, parimala prakAzana pratiSThAna, muMbaI-57, pra.A. 1981. 432. "sAtatya' sureza dalAla, prakA. cimanalAla pI. zAha, pramukha, cimanalAla liTararI TrasTa, muMbaI. vikretA-zivajI Azara, pra.A. 1978, 433. "sAstranuM tattvajJAna pro. ema. vI. bakSI, yuni. graMthanirmANa borDa, gu.rA., ama-6. prakA. IzvarabhAI ke. paTela (adhyakSa), yuni. graMthanirmANa borDa, gu.rA., ama-16, 434. "sAyujya' hasamukha pAThaka, prakA. bhagatabhAI bhurAlAla zeTha, Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, amadAvAda, muMbaI. pra.A. jUna 1972. 435. sAhitya divAkara narasiMharAva saMpA. sudhIra desAI, kuraMgI desAI, citrA desAI. prakA. jayavadana takatAvAlA sAMskRtika pravRtti vatI, vimaLAblena jayavadana tatAvAlA, muMbaI-6. pra.A. 22 1984. 436. 'simyuni' sureza dalAla, prakA. cimanalAla pI. zAha, cimanalAla liTararI TrasTa, mubaMI. pra.A. 1977. 437. "skAIskepara sureza dalAla, prakA. araviMda paMDyA, ena. ema. tripAThI prA. li., mubaMI. pra.A. 1980. 438. "sparza priyakAnta maNiyAra. prakA. zivajI Azara, svAti prakA. muMbaI pra.A. 1966. 439. "sparza dinakara zAha, prakA. dinakara zAha, jaya zAhapura, ama-1. pra.A. 1988. 440. "spaMda ane chaMda uzanasa prakA. sAhityasaMgama prakAzana. surata. pra.A. sapTe 1968. 441. "svagata' yosepha mekavAna, prakA. zivajI Azara, vorA enDa kaMpanI. ama 1. pra.A. 1969. 442. 'svapnaprayANa harizcaMdra bhaTTa, saM.-umAzaMkara jozI. ena. ema. tripAThI prA. li., muMbaI. pra.A. 159. 443. "svapnavasaMta' (rUparekhA kAvyasaMgraha) kusumAkara raciyatA sva. kavi kusumAkara, prakA. bharatakumAra ziMbhuprasAda joSIpurA, jAsudabhuvana. kocaraba, amadAvAda. mu. vikretA-gUrjara graMtha ratna kAryAlaya, amadAvAda. pra.A. 2019. 196. 444. "smaraNasaMhitA" "eka karuNa prazasti narasiMharAva bhoLAnAtha, sI jamanAdAsanI kaMpanI, prinsesa sTrITa, muMbaI-2. khU.A. saM. 1996. I.sa. 1940. 45. svAminArAyaNa saMtasAhitya saMpA. raghuvIra caudharI, prakA. pragaTa brahmasvarUpa, svAmIzrI nArAyaNa svarUpadAsajI-pramukha svAmI, adhyakSa-bhagavAna svAminArAyaNa dvizatAbdI prakA. samiti, pra.A. 1981, bocAsaNavAsI zrI akSarapuruSottama saMsthA, zAhIbAga roDa, ama-4. * P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa 508 446. nepa lAIpha nalina paMDyA, prakA. bI. Thakkara, rUpAlI pablikezana, ama-1. pra.A. julAI 1987. 447. "sumanaguccha' kartA. dolatarAma kRpArAma paMDyA (naTIAda), muMbaI nirNayasAgara mudrAlayamAM mudrita sane-1899. saM.-1955. 448. "surAhI kismata kurezI. prakA. girIza Ara. Thakkara, sumana prakA. muMbaI 9. tU. A. 1989. 49. "sureza joSIthI sureza joSI che. sumana zAha, prakA. bAbubhAI joSI, kumakuma prakA. ama-1. pra.A. 1978.; 450. "sUvAsikA' (kAvya) racanAra madhuvacarAma baLavacarAma horA, amadAvAda. mAmAnI havelI madhye yunAITeDa prinTIMga ane janarala ejansI kaMpanI limiTeDanA presamAM raNachoDalAla gaMgArAme chApyuM. saM:-1945 sane 1888, gujarAta varnAkyulara sosA. lAyabrerI, ama-1. 451. "sUraja kadAca Uge' harikapaNa pAThaka, prakA. bhagatabhAI bhurAlAla zeTha, Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaMpanI, muMbaI-2, ama-1, pra.A. 1974. 45ra. sUrajamAM lohInI kUMpaLa bhagavataprasAda cauhANa, prakA. bI. Thakkara, rUpAlI pablikezana, ama-1. pra.A. 1977. 453. 'sUrajamukhI' rakSA dave, prakA. rakSAblena dave, vikretA-sumana prakA. muMbaI-9. pra.A. 1979. 454. sUrajano hAtha yosepha mekavAna. prakA. ramaNabhAI phAunDezana prakA. ama-15. pra.A. me 1983. 55. "sUryopaniSada harIndra dave, prakA. zivajI Azara. vorA enDa kaMpanI, ama. pra.A. 1975. 456. sopAnikA pUjAlAla, prakA. pUjAlAla, zrI araviMda Azrama TrasTa, poMDicerI 2. pra.A. 1980. 457. "sohAgaNa - kivi nhAnAlAla, prakA. jezIMgabhAI bhogIlAla zAha, DhALanI poLa, sUryaprakAza prinTIMga presa, pAnakora nAkA, ama. ki. A. 12mI me 1940. 458. "strotasvinI sva. dAmodaradAsa khu. boTAdakara, prakA. amRtalAla vallabhadAsa dANI. mahilA vidyAlaya, bhAvanagara. vi.saM. 1985. (I.sa. 1929). 459. "saMyara" kahIe kone ? che. harIza vyAsa, prakA. DaoN. harIza vyAsa, ama-6, prA.sthA-Do. harIza vyAsa, ama-9, pra.A. 1979. 460. "sI lADakInTena (lIlAvatI) viraha choTAlAla sevakarAma kRta, vaDodarA. nUtana prinTiMga presa kaMpanI limiTeDa, I.sa. 1902, vi.saM. 1958. 461. "hatheLImAM brahmAMDa sureza dalAla, prakA. mihikA pablikezansa, mubaMI. mu. vikretA navabhArata sAhityamaMdira, ama-1. pra.A. 1987. , 462. "hayAtI harIndra davenI kavitA, praka. cImanalAla pI. zAha, pramukha, cImanalAla liTararI TrasTa, muMbaI. pra.A. 1977. muM. vikretA navabhArata sAhityamaMdira, amadAvAda, 463. harisaMhitA' graMtha-1 nhAnAlAla kavi. mahAkavi nhAnAlAla smArakesTa, prakA. mahAkavi nhAnAlAla smAraka simita. vi. saM. 2015, I.sa. 1959, prakA. prabhudAsa bAlubhAI paTavArI, maMtrI, mahAkavi nhAnAlAla smAraka samiti, 46, parimala sosA. ama-6. 464. harisaMhitA graMtha-ra hAnAlAla dalapatarAma kavi, prakA. mahAkavi nhAnAlAla smAraka samiti, amadAvAda. prakA. prabhudAsa bAbubhAI paTavArI, maMtrI mahAkavi nhAnAlAla smAraka samiti, 46, parimala sosAyaTI, P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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s arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 509 elisabrija, ama-6. saM. 2016. I.sa. 1960. 45. "harisaMhitA' graMtha-3 nhAnAlAla dalapatarAma kavi, prakA. mahAkavi nhAnAlAla smAraka samiti, 46, parimala sosA. ama-6. vi.saM. 2016, I.sa. 1960, kiMmata-10 rUpiyA. 46. "hRdayaroga' harihara prANazaMkara bhaTTa, karyA ane prakA. harihara prANazaMkara bhaTTa, prasthAna kAryAlaya, mAraphata (amadAvAda), pra.A. I.sa. 1934. 467. "hRdayavINA narasiMharAva bhoLAnAtha, prakA. jamanAdAsa lakSmIdAsa, sI. jamanAdAsanI kaMpanI, prinsesa sTrITa, muMbaI-2. . A. rapa8 34. 468. "haMsaviraha' eTale zeTha haMsarAja luANAnA bAroTa ayAcI kavi lAghArAma visarAma, chapAvanAra karamasI "sTIsa opha pIsa'nuM sva. jJAti mahAjana, paropakArI sabhAsya sarjana muMbaI. jJAnadIpaka svargavAsavarNana' chApakhAnAmAM chApyuM. 869, 'hiMcako saipha pAlanapurI, prakA. girIza Ara. Thakkara, sumana prakA. muMbaI 9. tri.A. 1986. 470. hiMda tattvajJAnano itihAsa mU.le. zrI narmadAzaMkara devazaMkara mahetA, prakA. gu. varnAkyulara sosA. pUrvAdha pra.A. 1924, uttarArdha pra.A. 1925. 471. "huM tane lakhuM chuM sureza dalAla, prakA. mihikA pablikezansa, mubaMI. mu. vikretA vorA enDa kaMpanI, ama-1, pra.A. 1988, 472. kahayuM ane zabada' cAMpazI vi. udezI, prA. navacetana kAryAlaya, ama-7. mu. viketA gurjara graMtharatna kAryAlaya, ama-1, pra.A. 1973. 473. "hospiTala poemsa' jayA mahetA, prakA. DaoN. uSA Thakkara, rajisTrAra, zrImatI nAthIbAI dAmodara ThAkarasI, mahilA vidyApITha, mubaMI-20. mu. vikretA navabhArata sAhityamaMdira, ama-s. pra.A. 1987. 474. "kSaNonA mahelamAM cinu modI, prakA. ramaNIka Thakkara, prakA. sumana prakA. muMbaI-8. pra.A. 1972. 475. "kSaNonuM Albama suzIlA jhaverI, prakA. bhUpendra sI. jhaverI, muMbaI-28. prA.sthAna gUrjara graMtharatna kAryAlaya, pra.A. julAI 1985. 476. kSitijane vAMsavana" yazavaMta trivedI, prakA. zivajI Azara, vorA enDa kaMpanI ama 1. pra.A. 1971. 477. "jJAnayoga svAmI vivekAnaMda, prakA. zrI rAmakRSNa Azrama, rAjakoTa. svAmI AtmasthAnaMda (adhyakSa), dri.A. (1973). sAmayiko. kaviloka caMdra gulajhAre zAyarI uttarA' gajhala vizeSAMka, saLaMga aMka 20-21 (1985) paraba kumAra English 'DEATH AND WESTRN THOUGHT By Jacoques Choron, COLLIER BOOKS NEW YORK, N.Y. Coller - Macmillan Ltd. LONDON. Printed in the united states of America. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri N.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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2. arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa - 510 DEATH IN SHAKESPEARE' A study in the context of his major works. Thesis submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy By Miss A. F. Daver, Ahmedabad. (Sardar Patel University) 'ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF RELIGION AND ETHICS' Rs. 293/- E. Vol.-4 (Page From 411 to 511) 'FREEDOM FROM THE KNOWN J. Krishnamurti. Edited By Mary Lutyens (8th edition) LIFE AFTER DEATH' J. P. Vaswani Gita Publishing House, Poona-411001, India. 'SAVITRI, SRI AUROBINDO LEGEND AND A SYMBOL Sri Aurobindo Ahsram, Pondicherry. Tenth impression - 1984. Published by Sri Aurobindo Ahsram Publication Department, Pondicherry, India. 'STEVENSONS ON DEATH Book of Quotation,s R. 808/- 88. Page from 373 to 417. 'THE DIALOGUE WITH DEATH Sri Aurobindo's Savitri, a Mystical Appoach. By Rohit Mehta Publisher, Shree Rambhai Amin. Ahmedabad-380006. First Edition, 1972. Printed in Navjivan Press, Ahmedabad-380014. 'THE LIFE DIVINE Shri Aurobindo Publisher, Shri AronindoInternation University Centre, Pondicherry. Vol.-III. 'THE MEANING OF DEATH Edited by Heman Feifel Ph.D. The Blakiston Division MCGRAW HILL (New York Book Company, Toronto) I.N.C. London - 1959. 1 Printed in the united states of America. All rights reserved, Library of Congress card No. 62-17575. 'Tayf146' zrImacchakarAcAryakRta upaniSada bhASyaM, khaNDa-1. gItApresa, gorakhapura, sAnuvAda-zAMkarabhASyasahita prakAzaka-ghanazyAmadAsa jAlAna gItApresa, gorakhapura,. 8. Polo, HIACE HOUT, 10. P.P. Ac. Gunratnasuri M.S. Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust

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arvAcIna gujarAtI kavitAmAM mRtyunuM nirUpaNa * 511 prathama adhyAya, dvitIya vallI zreyapreyaviveka 'bhAratIya darzana' DaoN. rAdhAkRSNan bhAga (za bhAratIya darzanakA vizvavikhyAta adhyana (vaidika-yugase bauddhakAla taka) rAjapAla enDa sansa dillI-6. dUsarA saMskaraNa, 1969pha anuvAda sva. naMdakizora gomila vidyAlaMkarA gUjarAta vidyApITha, ahamadAvAda, kAlikAtA vidyApITha, kalakattA. 'bhAratIyadarzana' DaoN. rAdhAkRSNana bhAga (2) bhAratIya darzanakA vizva vikhyAta adhyayana (vaidika yugase bauddhikAla taka) rAjapAla enDa sansa - 1972 dillI-6 anu. sva. zrI nandakizora gomila gUjarAta vidyapITha, ahamadAbAda. kAlikattA vidyApITha - kalakattA. dUsarA saMskaraNa 1972. "mRtyu rahasya' paNDita veNIrAma zarmA gauDa caukhammA saMskRta saMsthAna po. bo. 1936 gopAla mandira lena vArANasI (bhArata) 'maiM mRtyu sikhAtA hU~ AcArya rajanIza saMkalana, svAmI, narendra bodhisattva saMpAdana, svAmI yogacinmaya motIlAla banArasIdAsa pradhAna kAryAlaya, baMgalA roDa, javAharanagara, dillI-7. zAkhAeM 1. cauka vArANasI (u.pra.) 2. azoka rAjapatha paTanA-4. jIvanajAgRti kendra, bambaI. prathama saMskaraNa 1973 (dhyAna, mRtyu aura samAdhi para sAdhanA zibira dvArakA (gujarAta) evaM sAdhanAcarcA goSThi bambaI meM diye gaye bhagavAna zrI rajanIzake bambaImeM diye gaye bhagavAna zrI rajanIza ke 15 pravacanoM evaM dhyAna prayogo kA saMkalana. 4. .P.P.AC. Gunratnasuri M.S. . Jun Gun Aaradhak Trust